An explosion in the population of sambar deer in Victoria's Alpine region is leading concerns about environmental damage in some of the region's most pristine wilderness.

It's estimated that anywhere between 750,000 and one million sambar deer are roaming Victoria's high country.

Over recent years a number of agencies have been working together to try to find the best way of reducing deer numbers as they edge closer to the urban fringe and start to enter residents' gardens and yards.

Parks Victoria regional project coordinator, Elaine Thomas, said the latest stage of a deer control program on the Bogong High Plains was now underway with the support of the Sporting Shooters Association, the Australian Deer Association, and local community groups.

"[Shooting occurs] just before sunset until two o'clock or so in the morning and it's using spot lighting or thermal imaging equipment which makes a deer easier to detect and we're working at night because night is when the deer is most active and out feeding," she said.

Australian Deer Association hunters return to Falls Creek for a debrief after spending the night hunting deer in the Bogong High Plains. ( Supplied: Parks Victoria )

Australian Deer Association Volunteer, Peter Williams, worked across the weekend and into Sunday night with another shooter, stalking the high country invader.

"The area is broken up into blocks to make sure teams are operating safely, with a team of two in each block," he said.

"Four or five deer were shoot on Sunday night using a combination of infrared and thermal imaging technology and GPS.

"You tend to be able to see the deer coming out from five, six or seven hundred metres away, [we] stalk the deer into where they are because it's night time and they can't see you straight away."

Damage caused by sambar deer in the Alpine National Park. ( Supplied: Parks Victoria )

Under the cover of darkness it requires a lot of skill and experience to stalk the deer to get close enough to safely shoot.

Mr Williams believed the success of the program was not just judged by how many deer were culled, but also by pinpointing exactly where they were located.

"Across the weekend this time we had four or five deer that we took, part of the success also is that we find out where the deer are at any particular point in time," he said.

"So for example we have a second crew that will be going out over the next three nights and that crew will pick up on what we learnt while we were out on the first shift."