Dengue fever in Pakistan

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Contents What is dengue fever
Symptoms of dengue fever
World distribution of Dengue
Dengue outbreak in Asia and Pakistan
Characteristics of the Aedes mosquito
Life cycle of the Aedes mosquito
How the Aedes mosquito transmit diseases
How to prevent the spread of dengue fever
Treatment of dengue fever
Chemical Control of Vector of dengue fever

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What is dengue fever? Dengue Fever also known as break bone fever is an illness caused by infection with a virus (Flavivirus) transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti rarely the A.albopictus.

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World Distribution of Dengue 1999

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GLOBAL STATUS New infections annually: 50 million
• Deaths: 24,000 annually
• People at risk: 2.5-3 billion
• Hospitalized cases: 500 000/year
(90% of those affected are children)
Leads to death in 5% of cases.
About half of the world lives in “HOT ZONE”

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DENGUE OUT BREAK
IN SOUTH EAST ASIA IN 2005

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DENGUE OUT BREAK IN PAKISTAN (2006)

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18 November 2008 Punjab -799 confirmed cases and two deaths
754 cases –Lahore
Ghulam Murtaza-from Sheikhupura
"first patient with dengue to have died in Lahore".

Characteristics of the Aedes Mosquito One distinct physical feature – black and white stripes on its thorax and legs.
Bites during the day.
Lays its eggs in clean, stagnant water.
Close-up of an Aedes mosquito

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Only the female Aedes mosquito feeds on blood. This is because they need the protein found in blood to produce eggs. Male mosquitoes feed only on plant nectar.
On average, a female Aedes mosquito can lay about 300 eggs during her life span of 14 to 21 days. Characteristics of the Aedes Mosquito

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Pupae Life cycle of the Aedes Mosquito Larvae Eggs

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How Do Aedes Mosquitoes Transmit Diseases... Mosquito bites and sucks blood containing the virus from an infected person. Virus is carried in its body. And passes the virus to healthy people when it bites them.

The main tactic used in fighting Dengue is eradicating the mosquito.
Add some granular insecticide to places that mosquitoes could potentially breed, such as flower vases and places where stagnant water could not be removed (try to remove all stagnant water. Don’t let it lay its eggs).
Public spraying for mosquitoes is the most important aspect of this approach.
The use of IGRs and Bacillus thuringiensis-14 (Bti) as larvicides in addition to temephos (OP) and pyrethroid insecticides also suggested.

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Thanks to all the honourable authors and websites from where I have taken some material