Winchcombe Abbey

Winchcombe Abbey is a now-vanished Benedictine abbey in Winchcombe, Gloucestershire, this abbey was once in the capital of Mercia, an Anglo Saxon kingdom at the time of the Heptarchy in England. The Abbey was founded c. 798 for three hundred Benedictine monks, by King Offa of Mercia or King Kenulf. In its time, it was the burial place of two members of the Mercian ruling class, the aforementioned Kenulf and his son Cynehelm, later venerated as St. Kenelm.

The abbey was refounded in 970 after the disruptions of the Danish invasions, and the first abbot of the new establishment was Germanus of Winchester.

The Abbey itself was in the grounds to the east end of the parish church of St Kenelm. Many pilgrims visited St. Kenelm's tomb in the early middle ages, and the Abbey thus became very rich. At its heyday, Winchcombe Abbey alone owned 25,300 acres (102 km²) in 13 parishes. Indeed, Snowshill Manor was owned by Winchcombe Abbey from 821 until the Dissolution of the Monasteries.   In the early sixteenth century Winchcombe Abbey was known as a centre of learning under Abbot Richard Kidderminster (1488–1527), who was also a renowned preacher and acted as an ambassador for Henry VII.  The quality of the stonemasons at Winchcombe was known to be very high, and it was a Winchcombe master mason who built the Divinity School at Oxford.

Winchcombe Abbey was surrendered to the Crown and then demolished in 1539. Some of its stones can still be found in Winchcombe; for example the lintel over the abbey gate now rests over the gate of what was once the George Inn. Fragments of the abbey can still be seen in various places in Winchcombe, notably the Corner Cupboard Inn on the Cheltenham road. A stone cross was erected in the 19th century to mark the centre of the abbey tower. Very little now remains of the Abbey; more remains of its great nearby rival, Hailes Abbey.

Timeline for Winchcombe Abbey

 798 – King Kenulf of Mercia gives instructions for building an abbey
 811 – Winchcombe Abbey is dedicated by Wulfred, Archbishop of Canterbury
 1042–1066 – During Edward the Confessor's reign Winchcombe Abbey becomes one of the most powerful Benedictine monasteries in the country
 29 August, 1151 – Fire destroys much of Winchcombe, including the Abbey
 1239 – Re-building of the Abbey completed
 23 December, 1539 – Winchcombe Abbey is surrendered to the crown and the monks are pensioned off. The Abbey buildings are quickly demolished the stone being re-used in other buildings

See also
List of monastic houses in Gloucestershire
List of abbeys and priories in England

References

Category:790s establishments
Category:Anglo-Saxon monastic houses
Category:1539 disestablishments in England
Category:Monasteries in Gloucestershire
Category:Benedictine monasteries in England
Category:Christian monasteries established in the 8th century
Category:8th-century establishments in England
Category:Winchcombe