Garden Q&A: Keep our feathered friends fed, safe

Thursday

QUESTION: I am an avid bird feeder but just moved here from Eastern Europe. What should I know about feeding birds in the American winter? – J.P., Loves Park

QUESTION: I am an avid bird feeder but just moved here from Eastern Europe. What should I know about feeding birds in the American winter? – J.P., Loves Park

ANSWER: We can help to provide these birds with food, cover, roosting areas and nesting spots by planting native seed and berry-producing trees, shrubs and vines.

When to feed. Feed more often at times of peak energy demand, such as during temperature extremes, nesting season, migration and in late winter or early spring.

Where to feed. Birds are most likely to eat where they feel safe. Make sure there is nearby cover to which birds can escape from predators, such as free-roaming cats. Place ground-level feeders in spots where predators cannot hide easily, and set up a loose mesh fence around the feeder.

Selecting a feeder. Plastic, steel or glass feeders are best because they are easy to clean. Feeders with porous surfaces, such as wood or clay, can be difficult to clean and may grow dangerous algae and fungi. Smaller feeders empty out more quickly, so there’s less chance of wet, spoiled seeds. Rain can be a problem, so make sure the feeder has drainage holes, and consider placing a plastic dome on top.

Proper maintenance. Regular upkeep is necessary to keep your feeder free from contamination by disease-causing bacteria. Set up more than one feeder and allow ample space between feeders. Clean feeders often. Immerse them in a five to 10 percent solution of chlorine bleach and warm water for two or three minutes. Scrub with a scouring pad, rinse with clean water and dry before refilling. Clean feeders designed for ground-feeding birds every two days. Rake up spilled seeds, hulls and feces at least once a week. Keep seed dry, free of mold and safe from squirrels by storing it in a metal can with a tight-fitting lid, such as a clean garbage can.

Water. Set up at least one birdbath. The surface should be easy to clean, and there should be a gently sloping shallow end. Place the birdbath away from the feeders to keep the water from being contaminated. Rinse the birdbath daily before refilling it, and clean it once a week.

This week’s answer comes from Greg Larson, University of Illinois Extension Master Gardener, Winnebago County. For more information Master Gardeners can be contacted weekdays at the University of Illinois Extension office at 815-986-4357.

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