Q:

Relation between kanji readings and meanings

I understand that a kanji can have several possible readings and several (typically related) meanings. Furthermore, I've noticed that a single reading typically corresponds to some subset of the meanings. To give a brief example:
生 can mean "birth", "genuine", or "life" (according to Kanjidic)

Pronounced せい it means "life", "living"
Pronounced なま it means "raw", "natural", etc.
Pronounced いき it means "lively"
Pronounced うむ (生む) it means "to give birth", "to produce"
Pronounced なる (生る) it means "to bear fruit" 
etc.

Is there any resource (book/website/database/etc.) which matches readings to meanings? Bonus points if the resource is easily machine-readable - I'm building some software for which the data would be valuable.

A:

In 大辞泉 there are entries labelled 漢字項目 which sometimes give this information for on-readings (where there is separation, and it's usually not particularly clear-cut).
For example, 日.
Under ニチ they give five meanings with example compounds, and under ジツ they give two (out of the five given for ニチ already). So from that you can see that the meaning 日本のこと is only given to the reading ニチ, for example.
Now for 生. You'll see that there are a number of readings given for セイ　and ショウ and that both can take the meaning of うむ and  いきる in compounds, whereas セイ can also take the meaning of なま. Overall, セイ has more possible meanings (I think this is probably just a function of it being a more common reading).
If a kun-reading is given with okurigana (e.g. う・む) you can probably assume that the most common meaning for that reading = the meaning of the verb/adjective.
However, all of these will come with some level of vagueness factor, the more so the more you try to boil the meaning down to something simple. "nama = raw/natural" works in many cases but doesn't explain 生意気{なまいき} or 生返事{なまへんじ}.  Include more information and you end up basically replicating a kanji dictionary.

