Evaluation of Fusarium graminearum Associated with Corn and Soybean Seed and Seedling Disease in Ohio.
Fusarium graminearum is an important pathogen of cereal crops in Ohio causing primarily head blight in wheat and stalk and ear rot of corn. During the springs of 2004 and 2005, 112 isolates of F. graminearum were recovered from diseased corn and soybean seedlings from 30 locations in 13 Ohio counties. These isolates were evaluated in an in vitro pathogenicity assay on both corn and soybean seed, and 28 isolates were tested for sensitivity to the seed treatment fungicides azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, fludioxonil, and captan. All of the isolates were highly pathogenic on corn seed and moderately to highly pathogenic on soybean seed. Fludioxonil was the only fungicide that provided sufficient inhibition of mycelial growth; however, several fludioxonil-resistant mutants were identified during the sensitivity experiments. These results indicate that F. graminearum is an important pathogen of both corn and soybean seed and seedlings in Ohio, and that continued use of fludioxonil potentially may select for less sensitive isolates of F. graminearum.