Didier Queloz

Didier Patrick Queloz (; born 23 February 1966) is a Swiss astronomer. He is a professor at the University of Cambridge, where he is also a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, as well as a professor at the University of Geneva. Together with Michel Mayor in 1995, he discovered 51 Pegasi b, the first extrasolar planet orbiting a sun-like star, 51 Pegasi. For this discovery, he shared the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics with James Peebles and Michel Mayor. He also recently said that humans will be able to find alien life in the next 30 years

Early life and education 
Queloz was born in Switzerland, on 23 February 1966.

Queloz studied at the University of Geneva where he subsequently obtained a MSc degree in physics in 1990, a DEA in Astronomy and Astrophysics in 1992, and a PhD degree in 1995 with Swiss astrophysicist Michel Mayor as his doctoral advisor.

In the area of religion The Daily Telegraph reports him as saying, "although not a believer himself, “Science inherited a lot from religions”".

Career and research 

While Queloz was a PhD candidate at the University of Geneva under Mayor, Mayor had been working on improving the accuracy of detection of the radial velocity of stellar objects via Doppler spectroscopy. Mayor had previously developed the COREVAL spectrometer that helped to measure these velocities to an accuracy of 1 km/s. Mayor had found from COREVAL that some binary star systems may in fact be single star systems with a substellar secondary object in their orbit.  Queloz worked with Mayor to develop ELODIE, which was able to improve the accuracy of radial velocity measurements to 15 m/s to help better resolve these star systems' features.

ELODIE was installed at the Haute-Provence Observatory by 1994, and Queloz and Mayor began surveying the candidate systems. By July 1995, the pair had discovered that a large planet orbited 51 Pegasi; the planet was identified as 51 Pegasi b and determined to be of a Hot Jupiter. This was the first exoplanet to be discovered around a main sequence star. Queloz' and Mayor's discovery launched a more intensive search for exoplanets around other stars. For this achievement, they were awarded half of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of an exoplanet orbiting a solar-type star".

Since these discoveries, Queloz became a professor at the University of Geneva, and in 2013, also became a professor at the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge. He collaborated with the United Kingdom team of the Wide Angle Search for Planets (WASP) program which seeks to detect exoplanets via transit photometry, helping to provide spectrographic confirmation of their findings in 2007. He also participated in CoRoT, a planetary-detection system from orbital observatories, and helped to confirm the first detection of a rocky exoplanet, COROT-7b, in 2011. He is now involved in the Next Generation Transit Survey, a ground based successor to WASP. The CHEOPS science team is chaired by Queloz.

He is also a visiting scientist at MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research.

Queloz received the 2011 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award of Basic Sciences (co-winner with Mayor) for developing new astronomical instruments and experimental techniques that led to the first observation of planets outside the solar system.
In 2017, he received the Wolf Prize in Physics and in 2019, the Nobel Prize in Physics.

In October 2019, related to his work in astronomy and exoplanet discoveries, Queloz predicted humans will discover extraterrestrial life in the next 30 years stating, "I can't believe we are the only living entity in the universe. There are just way [too] many planets, way too many stars, and the chemistry is universal. The chemistry that led to life has to happen elsewhere. So I am a strong believer that there must be life elsewhere."

In December 2019, Queloz took issue with those who are not supportive of helping to improve climate change, stating, “I think this is just irresponsible, because the stars are so far away I think we should not have any serious hope to escape the Earth [...] Also keep in mind that we are a species that has evolved and developed for this planet. We’re not built to survive on any other planet than this one [...] We’d better spend our time and energy trying to fix it.”

Awards
 2011, BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award of Basic Sciences (co-winner with Michel Mayor)
 2013, Clarivate Citation Laureates
 2017, Wolf Prize in Physics
 2019, Nobel Prize in Physics

Named after him
 Asteroid 177415 Queloz was named in his honor.

References

External links

 "SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)", query for Didier Queloz. Includes 200 abstracts with Queloz listed as an author or co-author a/o 23 February 2017.

Category:1966 births
Category:Living people
Category:Swiss astronomers
Category:Nobel laureates in Physics
Category:Swiss Nobel laureates
Category:Discoverers of exoplanets
Category:Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge
Category:University of Geneva alumni
Category:University of Geneva faculty
Category:Massachusetts Institute of Technology staff