[The expression and function of acid-sensing ion channels in auditory system and vestibular system].
Acid-sensing ion channels are a class of extracellular H(+) activated cation channels, belonging to the amiloride-sensitive epithelial Na(+) channel/degenerin (ENaC/DEG) superfamily. During extracellular acidification, the channels are activated and produce corresponding action potential. Acid-sensing ion channels are extensively expressed in the peripheral and central nervous system. It plays an important in synaptic plasticity, mechanical sensation, injury sensation related to acidosis of local tissues, acid reception and retinal regulation. This article reviews the expression, biological characteristics and functions of acid-sensing ion channels in cochlea, vestibular tissue and auditory center, so as to improve the understanding of physiology and pathophysiology of auditory system.