List of state leaders in 1461



Africa
Adal Sultanate – Muhammad ibn Badlay (1445–71)
Benin Empire – Ewuare the Great, Oba of Benin (1440–73)
Bornu Empire – Muhammad IV (1460–65)
Ethiopian Empire – Zara Yaqob (1434–1468)
Jolof Empire - N'Dyelen Mbey Leeyti, Buur-ba Jolof ("Emperor") of Jolof Empire (1450–1465)
Kingdom of Kongo – Nkuwu a Ntinu (1450–70)
Mali Empire – Uli II (1460–81)
Kingdom of Mutapa – Matope Nyanhehwe Nebedza (1450–80)
Kingdom of Rwanda - Yuhi wa II Gahima II (1444-1477)
Songhai Empire – Sunni Silman Dandi (1440–64)

Americas
Aztec Empire – Moctezuma I (1440–69)
Chimor – Minchancaman, King of Chimor, (c.1440-70)
Inca Empire – Pachacuti (1438–1471)
Muisca Confederation
 zaque Hunzahúa (~1450-1470)
 zipa Meicuchuca (~1450-1470)

Asia
Ahom kingdom- Susenphaa (1439-1488)
Ayutthaya Kingdom – Borommatrailokkanat (1448–88)
China (Ming dynasty) - Zhengtong Emperor (1457–64)
Delhi Sultanate – Bahlul Khan Lodi (1451–89)
Japan (Muromachi period)
 Monarch – Emperor Go-Hanazono (1428–64)
 Ashikaga shogunate - Ashikaga Yoshimasa (1449–73)
Korea (Joseon dynasty) – Sejo (1455–68)
Malacca – Mansur Shah of Malacca (1459–77)
Northern Yuan dynasty Mongolia - Markörgis Khan (1455–65)
Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Toku (1461–69)
Transoxiana - Abu Sa'id Mirza, Timurid dynasty ruler of Transoxiana (1451–1469)
Đại Việt - Lê Thánh Tông, Emperor (1460–97)
Vijayanagara Empire – Mallikarjuna Raya (1446–65)

Europe 
Andorra
Gaston IV, Count of Foix and Co-Prince of Andorra (with the Bishops of Urgell), (1436–1472)
Arnau Roger de Pallars, Bishop of Urgell and Co-Prince of Andorra (with Gaston IV), (1437–1461)
 Kingdom of Aragon – John II (1458–1479)
Kingdom of Bohemia – George of Poděbrady (1458–1471)
Kingdom of Bosnia – Stephen Tomašević (1461–1463), last Bosnian king.
Duchy of Burgundy – Philip III, the Good (1419–1467)
Crown of Castile –  Henry IV of Castile (1454–1474)
Crimean Khanate - Hacı I Giray, Khan of Crimea (1449–1466)
Kingdom of Denmark–Norway –  Christian I, King of Denmark (1448–1481), King of Norway (1450–1481), and King of Sweden (1457–1464)
Kingdom of England
 - (House of Lancaster) - Henry VI of England (1422–1461 and 1470–1471)
 - (House of York) - Edward IV (1461–1470 and 1471–1483)
Republic of Florence – Cosimo de' Medici, Gonfaloniere of Justice and de facto ruler of the Republic of Florence (1434–1464)
Kingdom of France (House of Valois) -
 - Charles VII (1422–1461)
 - Louis XI (1461–1483)
Kingdom of Georgia – George VIII of Georgia (1446–1465)
Sultanate of Granada - Said (1454–1462 and 1462–1464)
Holy Roman Empire – Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor (1452–1493)
Kingdom of Hungary – Matthias Corvinus (1458–1490)
Khanate of Kazan – Mäxmüd of Kazan (1445–1466)
Principality of Moldavia – Stephen the Great (1457–1504)
Monaco – Lamberto, Lord of Monaco (1458–1494)
Grand Duchy of Moscow – Vasily II (1425–1462)
Kingdom of Naples – Ferdinand I (1458–1494)
Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Mehmed the Conqueror, Ottoman Sultan (1451–1481)
Papal States – Pope Pius II (1458–1464)
Polish–Lithuanian union –  Casimir IV Jagiellon, Grand Duke of Lithuania (1440–1492), King of Poland (1447–1492)
Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves –  Afonso V (1438–1481)
Kingdom of Scotland –  James III (1460–1488)
Republic of Venice – Pasquale Malipiero Doge of Venice (1457–1462)
Principality of Wallachia – Vlad the Impaler (1448, 1456–1462, 1476)

Middle East and North Africa
Aq Qoyunlu (White Sheep Turkomans) – Uzun Hassan (1453–1478)
Kingdom of Cyprus – Charlotte (1458–1464)
Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt –
 Inal (1453–1461)
 Ahmad (1461)
 Khushqadam (1461–1467)
Ifriqiya - Uthman, Hafsid dynasty Caliph of Ifriqiya (1436–1488)
Morocco – Abd al-Haqq II (1420–1465)

Oceania
Hawaii – Kihanuilulumoku, Alii Nui of Hawaii (1435–1465)