Tomcat is the servlet container that is used in the official Reference Implementation for the Java Servlet and JavaServer Pages technologies. The Java Servlet and JavaServer Pages specifications are developed by Sun under the Java Community Process.

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VQEmbWeb is a very minimal embedded web server for Java (5 or greater). The jar is 12K in size and the only dependency is Apache log4J.
It supports plain HTTP and HTTPS over SSL.
To use it, just use the EmbeddedServer.createInstance() method, passing in the port to open the server on and an instance of HttpRequestHandler to handle the requests. Your HttpRequestHandler has to return a Response object.
The URL parameters are handed to you in their unencoded form in the map. The URL without the parameters included is in the url string. There are also methods for:

* setting a redirect
* returning a 404 or a 500
* setting the content type
* setting binary, rather than text content

Jetty is a 100% Java HTTP Server and Servlet Container. This means that you do not need to configure and run a separate web server (like Apache) in order to use java, servlets and JSPs to generate dynamic content. Jetty is a fully featured web server for static and dynamic content. Unlike separate server/container solutions, this means that your web server and web application run in the same process, without interconnection overheads and complications. Furthermore, as a pure java component, Jetty can be simply included in your application for demonstration, distribution or deployment. Jetty is available on all Java supported platforms.

Sambuca is a Java HTTP Server framework that allows developers to embed a HTTP server directly in their applications with custom HTTP Request Handlers, so that their application can directly process incoming HTTP Requests and easily send back HTTP formatted responses to the requesting client. Applications can host standalone HTTP Services such as Web Service without having to deploy and integrate with a full application server such as Tomcat, JBoss, or WebLogic.

firecat is a Server-Side JavaScript Webserver. With firecat you can build complete Web Applications using JavaScript on both the Client-Side(AJAX) and the Server-Side(NSP). It is similar to ASP and JSP, but instead of VBScript and Java, it uses JavaScript as the main scripting language. firecat is written in Java and can run on any Java Virtual Machine, but the main target will be to support Free Java Runtimes such as SableVM, JamVM, Kaffe, GCJ/GIJ and Apache Harmony. Firecat is geared towards Webmasters, Web Designers and Web Developers, who want to leverage their JavaScript skills on the server-side. Building webpages should be simple. Any Internet User should be able to create webpages with server-side functionality, without being forced to learn complicated programming languages.

HttpdBase4J is an embeddable Java web server framework that supports HTTP, HTTPS, templated content and serving content from inside an archive. The classes are easy to extend as they utilize the Hollywood 'don't call us, we'll call you' principle to allow the user to overide the framework behaviour during all the different phases of the HTTP transaction.