A 35-year-old male was admitted to our emergency department with giddiness as the major complaint following ingestion of an unknown quantity of an unknown poison. Patient was conscious, oriented with stable cardio-respiratory parameters at the time of arrival. After sometime, despite being well oxygenated via face mask, patient started having generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Initial attention to airway, breathing and circulation (ABC) was given, followed by a bolus dose of diazepam. Seizures subsided for a brief period only to recur repeatedly.\nOn repeated enquiry, the patient's relative brought empty bottles of “ALL OUT,” a commercial composition of pyrethroid used as insecticides providing a circumstantial evidence of the nature of the poisoning.\nPatient was given a bolus dose of thiopentone sodium, and soon his trachea was intubated. This was followed by a loading dose of the anti-convulsant phenytoin to control seizures.\nPatient was shifted to the intensive care unit for further management. On examination, he was deeply comatose. There was profuse sweating. His pulse rate was 136 per minute, and the blood pressure was 90/60mmHg. His pupils were dilated bilaterally and sluggishly reacting to light. Examination of the other systems was unremarkable. Hemogram, liver and kidney function tests, X-ray chest, ECG, and arterial blood gases were normal. Patient was put on a ventilator on the SIMV mode.\nAgain the patient started showing tonic–clonic seizures, which were continuous and unresponsive to anti-convulsant therapy. Thereafter, thiopentone sodium and midazolam infusions were administered and titrated clinically as no bedside EEG monitoring was available. Gradually, thiopentone sodium and midazolam infusions were tapered off, and patient was weaned off the ventilator to be extubated after 72 hours. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 7th day after a psychiatry consultation.
A 2-year, 2-month-old boy was admitted at an interval of 10 h with burns of 40% BSA (trunk, abdomen, legs, and hands) []. On admission, he was in gasping condition and was immediately intubated and ventilated. He had ventricular tachycardia, very poor perfusion, severe metabolic acidosis, and refractory hypotension. Postresuscitation, he was commenced on multiple inotropes. Similar to Case 2, he developed intravascular hemolysis with hemoglobinuria. Hemodialysis was initiated on D2, and because of hemodynamic instability, sustained low-efficiency dialysis was chosen as the modality. His liver function also worsened and needed N-acetylcysteine infusion with supports of various blood products. He also started having refractory convulsions which required multiple antiepileptic drugs. Both liver and renal function improved slowly. He was extubated at 9 days of mechanical ventilation, hemodialysis discontinued after 12 cycles, and ultimately discharged after 24 days of hospital stay. At 10-month follow-up, he is doing well with normal renal function, healing skin lesion, and mild neurological sequelae.