A 90-year-old Japanese woman presented with a 4-year history of hyperkeratotic lesions on her left heel that had not been improved by topical treatment with salicylic acid petrolatum ointment or 10% urea cream. There was no history of trauma, but she gradually found it hard to walk because of her left heel pain. The patient had been taking clopidogrel, aspirin, azosemide, metformin hydrochloride, and alogliptin benzoate for the treatment of chronic heart failure, angina, and diabetes mellitus, and all of these symptoms had been well controlled. At the first visit, a clinical examination revealed an erythematous plaque with multiple brown macules, ulcer, and hyperkeratosis ().\nDermoscopy demonstrated glomerular vessels with regular arrangement in the ulcer area () and red-black homogeneous areas in the erythematous area (). She had no particular family history. Although we recommended that she undergo a skin biopsy to diagnose the skin lesion, the patient and her family expressed a strong desire to treat the lesion through a single surgical operation because she was at an advanced age, and the possibility of squamous cell carcinoma could not be completely excluded. Therefore, the skin lesion was totally excised.\nThe histopathological examination revealed hyperkeratosis and thin anastomosing strands of cuboidal cells extending from the epidermis to the upper dermis (). Small ductal structures and cystic changes were observed within the interconnected strands of cells. Hematomas were found in the intracorneal region and upper dermis (). No mitotic or dysplastic cells were observed. The cells of the ductal and cystic structures were positive for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (Figures and ). Based on these findings, the lesion was diagnosed as a reactive ESFA.
Female patient, 41 years old, of mixed race, from Tremedal, Bahia, came to the\ndermatology ambulatory reporting that since birth she had not had hair anywhere in\nher body besides nail dystrophy and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis ( and ). She denied previous history of cutaneous neoplasms, dental\nabnormalities, intolerance to heat or other significant medical problems and also\ninformed that two of her siblings presented similar symptoms.\nShe reports that for 10 years coalescent papules and nodules of pinkish color,\nverrucous aspect appeared on her feet and hands, growing in number and size with\ntime. She denied pain, burning sensation or bleeding at the site of the cutaneous\nlesions.\nDuring physical examination the presence of coalescent pinkish papules was noticed,\nforming plaques with cobblestone aspect on the feet, besides alopecia and nail\ndystrophy. Laboratory exams were normal. The possible differential diagnoses of\ncutaneous lesions included diffuse eccrine poromatosis, plane warts, Clouston\nSyndrome, pachyonychia congenita and other forms of ectodermal dysplasias ().\nAn incisional biopsy of the right foot lesion was performed, which revealed thin\ncords of anastomosed epithelial cells in continuity with the epidermis. The cords\nwere composed of round and oval nucleated cells. Luminal structures which varied in\nsize were also found, whose walls contained a single layer of cells. These findings\nwere compatible with the diagnosis of ESFA (. PCR for HPV 10 was negative.