An 84-year-old male patient collapsed outside. A passer-by witnessed the incident, notified emergency services and commenced CPR. The time between call and arrival of the fire service was eight minutes. Initial rhythm strip analysis demonstrated asystole. The resuscitator was attached immediately to a facemask by a firefighter (Figure 7 ).\nThe patient received a ventilation rate of 100 breaths per minute. This rate corresponds with the MCCD frequency, and ventilation was being triggered in each decompression phase. The drop in the ventilation rate in the initial part was due to a leak in the airway circuit. During the period of automatic ventilation, oxygen saturation was between 80 and 90%. Thus, the patient was adequately ventilated. The etCO2 ranged between 22–30 mmHg from the beginning of the recording till 23:28 minutes after, suggesting good-quality CPR with adequate circulation. During resuscitation, the patient received intravenous epinephrine. After 23:28 min there was an increase in etCO2 up to 43 mmHg, an early indicator of ROSC. The steep decrease afterwards was due to the cessation of ventilation and chest compressions, and hence a cessation in CO2 exhalation. The patient had an ROSC after 25 minutes and was transported to a nearby hospital.
A 45-year-old unconscious male patient with cardiac arrest. The initial response and resuscitation was conducted by the ambulance service. The fire service arrived and attached an MCCD and resuscitator to the inserted laryngeal mask.\nFigure 5 illustrates the period of continuous resuscitation between 18 and 25 minutes. The ventilation frequency was constant at 100 breaths per minute. Between 18 and 23 minutes, etCO2 was 21–30 mmHg, indicating good-quality CPR. After 23 minutes etCO2 increased to 43 mmHg, which might be an early indicator of ROSC. Pulse oximetry was not performed or was unable to adequately measure saturation. Initial rhythm strip analysis demonstrated ventricular fibrillation. The patient was defibrillated eight times and received multiple doses of intravenous epinephrine. After 25 minutes, the patient had ROSC and was transported to a nearby hospital.