A 45-year-old unconscious male patient with cardiac arrest. The initial response and resuscitation was conducted by the ambulance service. The fire service arrived and attached an MCCD and resuscitator to the inserted laryngeal mask.\nFigure 5 illustrates the period of continuous resuscitation between 18 and 25 minutes. The ventilation frequency was constant at 100 breaths per minute. Between 18 and 23 minutes, etCO2 was 21–30 mmHg, indicating good-quality CPR. After 23 minutes etCO2 increased to 43 mmHg, which might be an early indicator of ROSC. Pulse oximetry was not performed or was unable to adequately measure saturation. Initial rhythm strip analysis demonstrated ventricular fibrillation. The patient was defibrillated eight times and received multiple doses of intravenous epinephrine. After 25 minutes, the patient had ROSC and was transported to a nearby hospital.
A 55-year-old intoxicated male patient collapsed outside. The paramedic ambulance was first on scene, and initial resuscitation was commenced. Initially, the patient was ventilated manually via a facemask and bag. Upon arrival of the fire service, LUCAS 2® and Oxylator® HD were attached (Figure 4 ).\nIn this case the patient was ventilated manually for the first three minutes with a respiratory frequency of 16–19 breaths per minute. Initially, etCO2 was 20 mmHg decreasing to 15 mmHg in the first three minutes. Oxygen saturation was between 60% and 80%. After three minutes the respiratory rate increased to 100 breaths per minute by activating the automatic mode of the Oxylator® HD. Later on, the respiratory rate decreased to 30 breaths/minute, due to a leak or airway obstruction. The end-tidal CO2 increased when in automatic mode to 15–30 mmHg. The oxygen saturation was recorded for a short period of time and was 79%. The patient was defibrillated twice, and epinephrine was administered. After 30 minutes of CPR, the patient was declared deceased by the emergency physician.