human
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: BACKGROUND This study exp and ed previous NIOSH-IRS research examining the effects of rest breaks and stretching exercises on symptoms and performance in data -entry workers . METHODS All workers spent 4 weeks with conventional breaks ( two 15 min breaks per day ) and 4 weeks with supplementary breaks ( two 15 min breaks plus four 5 min breaks per day ) . One-half were assigned at r and om to a group instructed to perform brief stretching exercises during breaks . The remainder comprised the " no stretching " ( control ) group . RESULTS 51 workers ( stretch group n = 21 ; no stretch group n = 30 ) completed the study symptom question naires . Discomfort and eyestrain were significantly lower with supplementary breaks , and supplementary breaks attenuated accumulation of discomfort and eyestrain during work sessions . Data -entry speed was significantly faster with supplementary breaks so that work output was maintained , despite replacing 20 min of work time with break time . In the stretch group , workers reported  stretching  during only 25 % of conventional breaks and 39 % of supplementary breaks , and no significant effects of stretching on discomfort or performance were observed . CONCLUSIONS These results provide further converging evidence that supplementary breaks reliably minimize discomfort and eyestrain without impairing productivity . Low compliance in performing stretches prevented valid assessment of stretching effects . Further research on stretching exercises and exercise compliance is warranted Background Intermittent work breaks are common in fields with high workload but not yet for surgeons during operations . We evaluated the effects of intraoperative breaks during complex laparoscopic surgery  ( 5 min every half hour ) on the surgeon . Methods Fifty-one operations were r and omized to a scheme with intraoperative breaks and release of the pneumoperitoneum ( intermittent pneumoperitoneum ( IPP ) ) or conventional conduct ( CPP ) .  Stress hormones and α-amylase were determined in the surgeon ’s saliva pre- , intra- , and postoperatively . Mental performance and error scores , musculoskeletal strain , and continuous ECG were secondary endpoints . Results Regular intraoperative breaks did not prolong the operation ( IPP vs. CPP group : 176 vs. 180 min , p > 0.05 ) . The surgeon ’s cortisol levels during the operation were reduced by 22 ± 10.3 % in the IPP vs. the CPP group ( p < 0.05 ) . There were significantly fewer ( p < 0.05 ) intraoperative events in the IPP vs. the CPP group , which yielded higher α-amylase peaks . The pre- to postoperative increase in the error rates of the bp-concentration test was fourfold reduced in the IPP group ( p = 0.052 ) . The relevant locomotive strain-scores were grossly reduced by IPP ( p < 0.001 ) . Conclusions Our data support the idea that work breaks during complex laparoscopic surgery can reduce psychological stress and preserve performance without prolongation of the operation time compared with the traditional work scheme Background The etiology of de Quervain 's tenosynovitis ( dQ ) has been based on conflicting small case series and cohort studies lacking method ological rigor . A prospect i ve case-control study was conducted to analyze the most common risk factors for dQ. Methods Between January 2003 and May 2011 , 189 patients surgically treated for dQ vs. 198 patients with wrist ganglia ( WG ) ( controls ) were identified in our clinic ’s electronic data base . Sample characteristics , exertional , anatomical , and medical risk factors were compared between groups . Results dQ vs. WG differed by average age ( 52 vs. 43 years ) and gender ratio ( 15/62 vs. 26/39 ) . No significant difference between dQ vs. WG was found after subgrouping professional activities ( manual labor : 18 % vs. 26 % , respectively , p = 0.23 ) . No asymmetric distribution of comorbidities , wrist trauma , forceful or repetitive manual work , or medication was observed . Conclusions Neither heavy manual labor nor trauma could be shown to be predisposing risk factors for There is limited research on the effects of different types of rest-break interventions for visual display unit ( VDU ) operators on neck and shoulder postures . This study examined the effect of rest-break interventions on the neck and shoulder postures of symptomatic VDU operators during prolonged computer work . Thirty subjects were r and omly and equally assigned to breaks with stretching , breaks with dynamic movement and passive breaks . Subjects performed the typing task for 60 min and received 3-min breaks after 20 min of work . The craniovertebral and forward shoulder angles were obtained from a 3D motion analysis system . Results showed that there were no significant differences in the craniovertebral and forward shoulder angles among any types of rest breaks . It can be concluded that the three types of rest-break interventions had positive effects on neck and shoulder posture during prolonged computer terminal work The abbreviated vigilance task can quickly generate vigilance decrements , which has been argued is due to depletion of cognitive re sources needed to sustain performance . Research ers suggest inclusion of rest breaks within vigilance tasks improve overall performance ( Helton & Russell , 2015 ; Ross , Russell , & Helton , 2014 ) , while different types of breaks demonstrate different effects . Some literature suggests exposure to natural movements/stimuli helps restore attention ( Herzog , Black , Fountaine , & Knotts , 1997 ; Kaplan , 1995 ) . Participants were r and omly assigned to one experimental condition : dog video breaks , robot video breaks , countdown breaks or continuous vigilance . We assessed task performance and subjective reports of stress/workload . The continuous group displayed worst performance , suggesting breaks help restore attention . The dog videos did not affect performance , however , decreased reports of distress . These results support the importance of rest breaks and acknowledge the benefit of natural stimuli for promoting wellbeing/stress relief , overall suggesting performance and wellbeing may be independent , which warrants future studies Objective . This study evaluated the effect of different types of activities during rest-break interventions on neck and shoulder muscle activity , muscle discomfort and productivity among symptomatic video display unit ( VDU ) operators performing prolonged computer terminal work . Study design and setting . R and omized controlled trial was used . Thirty symptomatic VDU operators were r and omly assigned to 2 active break groups ( stretching and dynamic movement ) and a reference group . The subjects performed the same typing task for 60 min and received 3-min breaks after each 20 min of work . Root mean square and median frequency were calculated for neck and shoulder muscle activity . Muscle discomfort was measured with Borg ’s CR-10 scale . Productivity was measured by counting words . Results . There were no significant differences between the types of activities during breaks on neck and shoulder muscle activity , muscle discomfort or productivity . However , there was a significant difference in the level of muscle discomfort over time . Conclusions . Three types of activity during breaks showed a favourable effect on neck and shoulder muscle activity and productivity , and a positive effect on muscle discomfort in symptomatic VDU operators This study examined the effects of supplementary rest breaks on musculoskeletal discomfort , eyestrain , mood , and performance in data -entry workers . Two rest break schedules were compared in a within-subjects design . Workers alternated between a ‘ conventional ’ and a ‘ supplementary ’ schedule in 4-week intervals . The conventional schedule contained a 15-min break during the first half of the work shift and a 15-min break during the second half of the shift . The supplementary schedule contained the same two 15-min breaks , and a 5-min break during each hour which otherwise did not contain a break , for a total of 20 extra minutes of break time . Results are based on data from 42 workers . They indicated that discomfort in several areas of the body , and eyestrain , were significantly lower under the supplementary than under the conventional schedule . While symptoms increased from pre- to post-work periods under both schedules , the magnitude of the increases was significantly less under the supplementary schedule . In addition , increases in discomfort of the right forearm , wrist and h and over the course of the work week under the conventional schedule were eliminated under the supplementary schedule . These beneficial effects were obtained without reductions in data -entry performance Background To prolong sustainable healthy working lives of construction workers , a worksite prevention program was developed which aim ed to improve the health and work ability of construction workers . The aim of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of this program on social support at work , work engagement , physical workload and need for recovery . Methods Fifteen departments from six construction companies participated in this cluster r and omized controlled trial ; 8 departments ( n=171 workers ) were r and omized to an intervention group and 7 departments ( n=122 workers ) to a control group . The intervention consisted of two individual training sessions of a physical therapist to lower the physical workload , a Rest-Break tool to improve the balance between work and recovery , and two empowerment training sessions to increase the influence of the construction workers at the worksite . Data on work engagement , social support at work , physical workload , and need for recovery were collected at baseline , and at three , six and 12 months after the start of the intervention using question naires . Results No differences between the intervention and control group were found for work engagement , social support at work , and need for recovery . At 6 months follow-up , the control group reported a small but statistically significant reduction of physical workload . Conclusion The intervention neither improved social support nor work engagement , nor was it effective in reducing the physical workload and need for recovery  among construction workers . Trial registration In direct proportion to current technological developments , both the computer usage in the workplaces is increased and requirement of leaving the desk for an office worker in order to photocopy a document , send or receive an e-mail is decreased . Therefore , office workers stay in the same postures accompanied by long periods of keyboard usage . In recent years , with intent to reduce the incidence of work related musculoskeletal disorders several exercise reminder software programs have been developed . The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the exercise reminder software program on office workers ' perceived pain level , work performance and quality of life .  39 healthy office workers accepted to attend the study . Participants were r and omly split in to two groups , control group ( n = 19 ) and intervention group ( n = 20 ) . Visual Analogue Scale to evaluate the perceived pain was administered all of the participants in the beginning and at the end of the study . The intervention group used the program for 10 weeks . Findings showed that the control group VAS scores remained the same , but the intervention group VAS scores decreased in a statistically significant way ( p < 0.01 ) . Results support that such exercise reminder software programs may help to reduce perceived pain among office workers . Further long term studies with more subjects are needed to describe the effects of these programs and the mechanism under these effects Workers in physically dem and ing occupations require rest breaks to recover from physiological stress and biomechanical loading . Physiological stress can increase the risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders and repeated loading of the spine may increase the potential for incurring back pain . The aim of the study was to assess the impact of an altered activity-rest schedule on physiological and spinal loading in hospital-based porters . An existing 4-h activity-rest schedule was obtained from observations on eight male porters . This schedule formed the normal trial , which included two 5- and one 15-min breaks . An alternative 4-h schedule was proposed ( experimental condition ) that had two breaks each of 12.5 min . It was hypothesized that the experimental trial is more effective in promoting recovery from physiological strain and spinal shrinkage than the normal trial , due to the 5-min breaks being insufficient to allow physiological variables to return to resting levels or the intervertebral discs to reabsorb fluid . Ten males performed both test conditions and oxygen uptake VO2 , heart rate , minute ventilation VE , perceived exertion and spinal shrinkage were recorded . There were no significant differences in any of the measured variables between the two trials ( p > 0.05 ) . Median heart rates were 78 ( range 71–93 ) and 82 ( 71–90 ) beats.min - 1 for the normal trial and the experimental trial respectively , indicating that the activity was of low intensity . The light intensity was corroborated by the oxygen uptakes ( 0.75 , range 0.65 - 0.94 l.min - 1 . Spinal shrinkage occurred to the same extent in the two trials ( 2.12±3.16 mm and 2.88±2.92 mm in the normal trial and the experimental trial respectively ) . Varying the length and positioning of the rest breaks did not significantly affect the physiological responses or magnitude of spinal shrinkage between the two trials . More physically dem and ing work than the porters ' schedule should induce greater physiological fatigue and spinal shrinkage . The ratio between activity and rest breaks would then become more important Neck and shoulder disorders are a considerable health problem amongst frequent microscope users . We aim ed to investigate the neck and shoulder discomfort experienced during prolonged microscopic activity and to assess the benefits of minibreaks . A prospect i ve crossover study was performed on 17 healthy volunteers sitting still while looking down a bench with and without the Ipswich Microbreak Technique ( IMT ) .  We used a subjective measure of time to fatigue and pain in the neck and shoulder regions as well as objective readings from a surface electromyogram ( sEMG ) . The IMT delayed the sensation of pain in the neck and shoulder region while reducing the overall sEMG muscle activation . In conclusion , IMT is a useful strategy in reducing and delaying the pain in neck and shoulder from prolonged working under the microscope . This technique can be incorporated in other activities that involve a sustained stationary position Introduction The 15-minute work break provides an opportunity to promote health , yet few studies have examined this part of the workday . We studied physical activity and sedentary behavior among office workers and compared the results of the Booster Break program with those of a second intervention and a control group to determine whether the Booster Break program improved physical and behavioral health outcomes . Methods We conducted a 3 
    Output:
    
agent
We found low- quality evidence that different work-break frequencies may have no effect on participant-reported musculoskeletal pain , discomfort and fatigue .
For productivity and work performance , evidence was of very low- quality that different work-break frequencies may have a positive effect .
For different types of break , there may be no effect on participant-reported musculoskeletal pain , discomfort and fatigue according to low- quality evidence .
Furthermore , work-break interventions should be reconsidered , taking into account worker population s other than office workers , and taking into account the possibility of combining work-break intervention with other interventions such as ergonomic training or counselling , which may may possibly have an effect on musculoskeletal outcomes and work performance
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: BACKGROUND This study exp and ed previous NIOSH-IRS research examining the effects of rest breaks and stretching exercises on symptoms and performance in data -entry workers . METHODS All workers spent 4 weeks with conventional breaks ( two 15 min breaks per day ) and 4 weeks with supplementary breaks ( two 15 min breaks plus four 5 min breaks per day ) . One-half were assigned at r and om to a group instructed to perform brief stretching exercises during breaks . The remainder comprised the " no stretching " ( control ) group . RESULTS 51 workers ( stretch group n = 21 ; no stretch group n = 30 ) completed the study symptom question naires . Discomfort and eyestrain were significantly lower with supplementary breaks , and supplementary breaks attenuated accumulation of discomfort and eyestrain during work sessions . Data -entry speed was significantly faster with supplementary breaks so that work output was maintained , despite replacing 20 min of work time with break time . In the stretch group , workers reported  stretching  during only 25 % of conventional breaks and 39 % of supplementary breaks , and no significant effects of stretching on discomfort or performance were observed . CONCLUSIONS These results provide further converging evidence that supplementary breaks reliably minimize discomfort and eyestrain without impairing productivity . Low compliance in performing stretches prevented valid assessment of stretching effects . Further research on stretching exercises and exercise compliance is warranted Background Intermittent work breaks are common in fields with high workload but not yet for surgeons during operations . We evaluated the effects of intraoperative breaks during complex laparoscopic surgery  ( 5 min every half hour ) on the surgeon . Methods Fifty-one operations were r and omized to a scheme with intraoperative breaks and release of the pneumoperitoneum ( intermittent pneumoperitoneum ( IPP ) ) or conventional conduct ( CPP ) .  Stress hormones and α-amylase were determined in the surgeon ’s saliva pre- , intra- , and postoperatively . Mental performance and error scores , musculoskeletal strain , and continuous ECG were secondary endpoints . Results Regular intraoperative breaks did not prolong the operation ( IPP vs. CPP group : 176 vs. 180 min , p > 0.05 ) . The surgeon ’s cortisol levels during the operation were reduced by 22 ± 10.3 % in the IPP vs. the CPP group ( p < 0.05 ) . There were significantly fewer ( p < 0.05 ) intraoperative events in the IPP vs. the CPP group , which yielded higher α-amylase peaks . The pre- to postoperative increase in the error rates of the bp-concentration test was fourfold reduced in the IPP group ( p = 0.052 ) . The relevant locomotive strain-scores were grossly reduced by IPP ( p < 0.001 ) . Conclusions Our data support the idea that work breaks during complex laparoscopic surgery can reduce psychological stress and preserve performance without prolongation of the operation time compared with the traditional work scheme Background The etiology of de Quervain 's tenosynovitis ( dQ ) has been based on conflicting small case series and cohort studies lacking method ological rigor . A prospect i ve case-control study was conducted to analyze the most common risk factors for dQ. Methods Between January 2003 and May 2011 , 189 patients surgically treated for dQ vs. 198 patients with wrist ganglia ( WG ) ( controls ) were identified in our clinic ’s electronic data base . Sample characteristics , exertional , anatomical , and medical risk factors were compared between groups . Results dQ vs. WG differed by average age ( 52 vs. 43 years ) and gender ratio ( 15/62 vs. 26/39 ) . No significant difference between dQ vs. WG was found after subgrouping professional activities ( manual labor : 18 % vs. 26 % , respectively , p = 0.23 ) . No asymmetric distribution of comorbidities , wrist trauma , forceful or repetitive manual work , or medication was observed . Conclusions Neither heavy manual labor nor trauma could be shown to be predisposing risk factors for There is limited research on the effects of different types of rest-break interventions for visual display unit ( VDU ) operators on neck and shoulder postures . This study examined the effect of rest-break interventions on the neck and shoulder postures of symptomatic VDU operators during prolonged computer work . Thirty subjects were r and omly and equally assigned to breaks with stretching , breaks with dynamic movement and passive breaks . Subjects performed the typing task for 60 min and received 3-min breaks after 20 min of work . The craniovertebral and forward shoulder angles were obtained from a 3D motion analysis system . Results showed that there were no significant differences in the craniovertebral and forward shoulder angles among any types of rest breaks . It can be concluded that the three types of rest-break interventions had positive effects on neck and shoulder posture during prolonged computer terminal work The abbreviated vigilance task can quickly generate vigilance decrements , which has been argued is due to depletion of cognitive re sources needed to sustain performance . Research ers suggest inclusion of rest breaks within vigilance tasks improve overall performance ( Helton & Russell , 2015 ; Ross , Russell , & Helton , 2014 ) , while different types of breaks demonstrate different effects . Some literature suggests exposure to natural movements/stimuli helps restore attention ( Herzog , Black , Fountaine , & Knotts , 1997 ; Kaplan , 1995 ) . Participants were r and omly assigned to one experimental condition : dog video breaks , robot video breaks , countdown breaks or continuous vigilance . We assessed task performance and subjective reports of stress/workload . The continuous group displayed worst performance , suggesting breaks help restore attention . The dog videos did not affect performance , however , decreased reports of distress . These results support the importance of rest breaks and acknowledge the benefit of natural stimuli for promoting wellbeing/stress relief , overall suggesting performance and wellbeing may be independent , which warrants future studies Objective . This study evaluated the effect of different types of activities during rest-break interventions on neck and shoulder muscle activity , muscle discomfort and productivity among symptomatic video display unit ( VDU ) operators performing prolonged computer terminal work . Study design and setting . R and omized controlled trial was used . Thirty symptomatic VDU operators were r and omly assigned to 2 active break groups ( stretching and dynamic movement ) and a reference group . The subjects performed the same typing task for 60 min and received 3-min breaks after each 20 min of work . Root mean square and median frequency were calculated for neck and shoulder muscle activity . Muscle discomfort was measured with Borg ’s CR-10 scale . Productivity was measured by counting words . Results . There were no significant differences between the types of activities during breaks on neck and shoulder muscle activity , muscle discomfort or productivity . However , there was a significant difference in the level of muscle discomfort over time . Conclusions . Three types of activity during breaks showed a favourable effect on neck and shoulder muscle activity and productivity , and a positive effect on muscle discomfort in symptomatic VDU operators This study examined the effects of supplementary rest breaks on musculoskeletal discomfort , eyestrain , mood , and performance in data -entry workers . Two rest break schedules were compared in a within-subjects design . Workers alternated between a ‘ conventional ’ and a ‘ supplementary ’ schedule in 4-week intervals . The conventional schedule contained a 15-min break during the first half of the work shift and a 15-min break during the second half of the shift . The supplementary schedule contained the same two 15-min breaks , and a 5-min break during each hour which otherwise did not contain a break , for a total of 20 extra minutes of break time . Results are based on data from 42 workers . They indicated that discomfort in several areas of the body , and eyestrain , were significantly lower under the supplementary than under the conventional schedule . While symptoms increased from pre- to post-work periods under both schedules , the magnitude of the increases was significantly less under the supplementary schedule . In addition , increases in discomfort of the right forearm , wrist and h and over the course of the work week under the conventional schedule were eliminated under the supplementary schedule . These beneficial effects were obtained without reductions in data -entry performance Background To prolong sustainable healthy working lives of construction workers , a worksite prevention program was developed which aim ed to improve the health and work ability of construction workers . The aim of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of this program on social support at work , work engagement , physical workload and need for recovery . Methods Fifteen departments from six construction companies participated in this cluster r and omized controlled trial ; 8 departments ( n=171 workers ) were r and omized to an intervention group and 7 departments ( n=122 workers ) to a control group . The intervention consisted of two individual training sessions of a physical therapist to lower the physical workload , a Rest-Break tool to improve the balance between work and recovery , and two empowerment training sessions to increase the influence of the construction workers at the worksite . Data on work engagement , social support at work , physical workload , and need for recovery were collected at baseline , and at three , six and 12 months after the start of the intervention using question naires . Results No differences between the intervention and control group were found for work engagement , social support at work , and need for recovery . At 6 months follow-up , the control group reported a small but statistically significant reduction of physical workload . Conclusion The intervention neither improved social support nor work engagement , nor was it effective in reducing the physical workload and need for recovery  among construction workers . Trial registration In direct proportion to current technological developments , both the computer usage in the workplaces is increased and requirement of leaving the desk for an office worker in order to photocopy a document , send or receive an e-mail is decreased . Therefore , office workers stay in the same postures accompanied by long periods of keyboard usage . In recent years , with intent to reduce the incidence of work related musculoskeletal disorders several exercise reminder software programs have been developed . The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the exercise reminder software program on office workers ' perceived pain level , work performance and quality of life .  39 healthy office workers accepted to attend the study . Participants were r and omly split in to two groups , control group ( n = 19 ) and intervention group ( n = 20 ) . Visual Analogue Scale to evaluate the perceived pain was administered all of the participants in the beginning and at the end of the study . The intervention group used the program for 10 weeks . Findings showed that the control group VAS scores remained the same , but the intervention group VAS scores decreased in a statistically significant way ( p < 0.01 ) . Results support that such exercise reminder software programs may help to reduce perceived pain among office workers . Further long term studies with more subjects are needed to describe the effects of these programs and the mechanism under these effects Workers in physically dem and ing occupations require rest breaks to recover from physiological stress and biomechanical loading . Physiological stress can increase the risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders and repeated loading of the spine may increase the potential for incurring back pain . The aim of the study was to assess the impact of an altered activity-rest schedule on physiological and spinal loading in hospital-based porters . An existing 4-h activity-rest schedule was obtained from observations on eight male porters . This schedule formed the normal trial , which included two 5- and one 15-min breaks . An alternative 4-h schedule was proposed ( experimental condition ) that had two breaks each of 12.5 min . It was hypothesized that the experimental trial is more effective in promoting recovery from physiological strain and spinal shrinkage than the normal trial , due to the 5-min breaks being insufficient to allow physiological variables to return to resting levels or the intervertebral discs to reabsorb fluid . Ten males performed both test conditions and oxygen uptake VO2 , heart rate , minute ventilation VE , perceived exertion and spinal shrinkage were recorded . There were no significant differences in any of the measured variables between the two trials ( p > 0.05 ) . Median heart rates were 78 ( range 71–93 ) and 82 ( 71–90 ) beats.min - 1 for the normal trial and the experimental trial respectively , indicating that the activity was of low intensity . The light intensity was corroborated by the oxygen uptakes ( 0.75 , range 0.65 - 0.94 l.min - 1 . Spinal shrinkage occurred to the same extent in the two trials ( 2.12±3.16 mm and 2.88±2.92 mm in the normal trial and the experimental trial respectively ) . Varying the length and positioning of the rest breaks did not significantly affect the physiological responses or magnitude of spinal shrinkage between the two trials . More physically dem and ing work than the porters ' schedule should induce greater physiological fatigue and spinal shrinkage . The ratio between activity and rest breaks would then become more important Neck and shoulder disorders are a considerable health problem amongst frequent microscope users . We aim ed to investigate the neck and shoulder discomfort experienced during prolonged microscopic activity and to assess the benefits of minibreaks . A prospect i ve crossover study was performed on 17 healthy volunteers sitting still while looking down a bench with and without the Ipswich Microbreak Technique ( IMT ) .  We used a subjective measure of time to fatigue and pain in the neck and shoulder regions as well as objective readings from a surface electromyogram ( sEMG ) . The IMT delayed the sensation of pain in the neck and shoulder region while reducing the overall sEMG muscle activation . In conclusion , IMT is a useful strategy in reducing and delaying the pain in neck and shoulder from prolonged working under the microscope . This technique can be incorporated in other activities that involve a sustained stationary position Introduction The 15-minute work break provides an opportunity to promote health , yet few studies have examined this part of the workday . We studied physical activity and sedentary behavior among office workers and compared the results of the Booster Break program with those of a second intervention and a control group to determine whether the Booster Break program improved physical and behavioral health outcomes . Methods We conducted a 3 
    Output:
    