human
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Background In uncemented total hip arthroplasty with hydroxyapatite coating , early weight bearing is frequently practice d but there is still not much evidence to support this recommendation . Method In a prospect i ve r and omized study we evaluated the effect of partial and full weight bearing after  cementless total hip arthroplasty ( ABG ; Stryker-Howmedica ) using radiostereometric analysis ( RSA ) . Between February 1996 and February 2000 , 43 consecutive patients ( mean age 53 ( 41–63 ) years , 23 women ) with hip osteoarthrosis received an uncemented and hydroxyapatite-coated prosthesis with an anteverted stem . All patients were operated in a st and ardized way by three experienced surgeons and they were r and omized to partial ( P ) or full ( F ) weight bearing during the first 6 weeks after surgery . The patients in the partial weight bearing group were equipped with a pressuresensitive insole signaling when their load exceeded the prescribed weight limit . Results At 3-month follow-up , the mean proximal (+)/ distal ( - ) migration of the stem was -0.14 mm ( -1.93– 0.11 ) in group P and -0.31 mm ( -4.30–0.16 ) in group F ( p = 0.6 ) . At 1-year follow-up , the mean migration was –0.17 mm ( -2.18–0.21 ) and -0.28 mm ( -4.31–0.11 ) , respectively ( p = 0.9 ) . There was no significant difference in stem rotations either ( p < 0.2 ) . The cup translations , rotations , and femoral head penetration were similar in the two groups ( p < 0.1 ) . There were no re-operations during the first year . Interpretation We did not find any adverse effect of full weight bearing immediately after operation , which justifies use of this regimen after uncemented total hip arthroplasty of the ABG type We performed this investigation to determine the possible migration starting immediately after surgery and the effect of different weightbearing regimens on the migration pattern of an uncemented hip stem ( CLS ) . Stem migration was determined with radiostereometry analysis with baseline when the patients still were anesthetized . Subsequent examinations were done up to 1 year . Twenty-nine patients ( mean age , 55 years ; range , 26 - 63 years ) were r and omized to either unrestricted weightbearing combined with intensive physiotherapy  from the first day after surgery or to partial weightbearing and a conservative training regimen for the first 3 months after surgery . At 1 week , subsidence was −0.03 mm in the unrestricted weightbearing group and 0.01 mm in the partial weightbearing group . At 1 year , subsidence was 1.01 mm in the unrestricted weightbearing group and 0.51 mm in the partial weightbearing group . One patient in the unrestricted weightbearing group had revision surgery because of aseptic loosening at 1.5 years after surgery . The CLS stem did not have any migration from the end the surgery until 1 week , but there was small migration from 1 week to 3 months after which the stem remained stable . The degree of early weightbearing did not affect the migration pattern . Level of Evidence : Level I , therapeutic study ( r and omized study ) . See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence Abstract . In a prospect i ve study of cementless total hip arthroplasty , 19 hips in 17 patients ( Group A ) were allowed full weight-bearing immediately after the operation while 18 hips in 16 patients ( Group B ) were first allowed weight-bearing after 6 weeks . Patients were matched for sex , age at surgery , height , weight , and follow-up period and there were no significant differences in hip scores between the two groups . Rehabilitation to gain walking ability with a cane lasted 5.8 days for Group A and 44.8 days for Group B ( P=0.0001 ) . The hospital stay after surgery was 30.1 days for Group A and 46.7 days for Group B ( P=0.006 ) . All patients showed bone ingrowth radiographically . There were no complications in either group . Résumé . Dans une étude prospect i ve d'arthroplastie totale de la hanche non-cimentée , z 17 malades ( 19 hanches ) ( Groupe A ) ont eu l'autorisation de pratiquer un appui complet immédiatement après l'intervention t and is que 16 malades ( 18 hanches ) ( Groupe B ) l'ont fait après 6 semaines . Les malades ont été appariés en regard du sexe , de l'âge à la chirurgie , de la taille , du poids , et de la durée du suivi . Il n'y avait pas de différence significative en ce qui concerne les scores du fonctionnement de la hanche entre les deux groupes . La durée de rééducation nécessaire pour obtenir la capacité de marche à l'aide d'une canne était de 5,8 jours pour le Groupe A et de 44,8 jours pour Groupe B ( P=0.0001 ) . La durée de séjour à l'hôpital après l'intervention était de 30,1 jours pour le Groupe A et de 46,7 jours pour le Groupe B ( P=0.006 ) . Nous avons constaté chez tous les patients une fixation osseuse à la radiographie . Il n'y avait aucune complication dans les deux groupes The  vertical migration of four configurations of a proximal femoral prosthesis , followed for up to nine years , was measured on st and ard radiographs . The same implant was used without cement ( group 1 ) and with cement ( group 2 ) . The migration of both groups was linear from six months onwards . The mean migration rate and the incidence of late aseptic loosening were both greater in group 1 . Survival analysis of the two groups , however , showed no statistically significant difference . In both groups , hips later destined for revision migrated more rapidly from the initial postoperative period onwards , than did the remainder . A threshold migration of 1.2 mm/year during the first two years after implantation detected hips likely to fail with a specificity of 86 % and a sensitivity of 78 % . This ' migration test ' was applied to the results in two further groups of patients in which a modified femoral prosthesis had been implanted without hydroxyapatite coating ( group 3 ) and with hydroxyapatite coating  ( group 4 ) . The test distinguished between the four groups and suggested that at least two fixation procedures should be ab and oned . We conclude that vertical migration measured on st and ard radiographs in the first two years after implantation can be used to predict late aseptic loosening . New prosthetic configurations should be evaluated by migration measurements before their general release . Our observations support the view that one cause of late aseptic loosening is imperfect initial fixation Background and Aims : The effectiveness of partial weightbearing after hip surgery has been question ed as well as the need of intensive physiotherapy . Material and Methods : 36 patients ( average age 54.4 , 19 women ) operated with uncemented hip arthroplasty were r and omized either to unrestricted weightbearing ( UWB ) combined with intensive physiotherapy or to partial weightbearing ( PWB ) for 3 months combined with a short self-training program . The load during walking and the muscle strength ( MS ) in abduction was measured preoperative and subsequent up to 12 months . Results : The average peak load on the operated leg at one week was 39.0 kg for the UWB and 25.8 for the PWB group ( P = 0.009 ) while at three months 70.0 and 31.7 ( P = 0.001 ) respectively . At 6 and 12 months there were no differences between the groups . The muscle strength increased in both groups up to six months but there were no differences between the groups . Conclusions : Even though patients applied more load than the recommended 15 kg most patients were able to comply with partial weightbearing fairly well . The effect of intensive physiotherapy on the muscle strength after hip arthroplasty is question able & NA ; There is considerable variation between centres in the use of forearm crutches in the rehabilitation of patients with total hip arthroplasty who are capable of full weight bearing . This study aim ed to compare the gait of patients with total hip arthroplasty walking with and without crutches .  The gait analysis in 19 patients included the assessment of kinematics , kinetics and the kinesiological electromyographic activity of lower limb and trunk muscles . With the forearm crutches patients walked with a reduced cadence , a longer stride length and more symmetrically ( P < 0.05 ) . The activity of the gluteus medius , vastus medialis and lateralis , and erector spinae muscles of the affected and of the vastus medialis muscle of the unaffected side decreased significantly ( P < 0.05 ) . Furthermore , seven subjects displayed an abnormal activation pattern of the affected hip abductor when walking with forearm crutches , characterized by a second burst during swing ( n = 5 ) or a tonic pattern ( n = 2 ) . It is concluded that the use of forearm crutches result ed in a symmetrical gait pattern . The reduced activity of relevant pelvi‐trochanteric muscles and the disturbed activation pattern of the affected hip abductor when walking with crutches might indicate that patients should walk unaided as soon as possible to provide a more efficient muscular training under dynamic conditions . Gang mit und ohne Unterarmkrücken bei Patienten mit Hüft‐TEP Es gibt erhebliche Unterschiede zwischen den Zentren bei der Verwendung von Unterarmkrücken bei der Rehabilitation von Patienten mit Hüft‐TEP , die voll belastbar sind . Diese Studie hat das Ziel , den Gang von Patienten mit Hüft‐TEP , die mit und ohne Krücken gehen , zu vergleichen . Die Gangauswertung bei 19 Patienten umfa&bgr;t die Beurteilung der Kinematik , Kinetik und der kinesiologischen elektromyeolographischen Aktivität der Muskeln von Rumpf und unteren Extremitäten . Mit den Unterarmkrücken gingen die Patienten mit einem verlangsamten Rhythmus , einer grö&bgr;eren Schrittlänge und symmetrischer ( P < 0.05 ) , die Aktivität der Mm gluteus , vastus medialis und laterialis sowie erector spinae der betroffenen und des M. vastus medialis der nichtbetroffenen Seite nahmen erheblich ab ( P < 0.05 ) . Au&bgr;erdem hatten sieben Patienten beim Gehen mit Unterarmkrücken ein abnormes Aktivierungsmuster des betroffenen Hüftabduktors , das sich in einem zweiten Impuls beim Schwung ( n = 5 ) oder einem tonischen Muster ( n = 2 ) äu&bgr;erte . Schlu&bgr;folgerung : Die Verwendung von Unterarmstützen führte zu einem symmetrischen Gangmuster . Die verringerte Aktivität von relevanten Muskeln von Becken und Trochanter und das gestörte Aktivierungsmuster des betroffenen Hüftabduktors beim Gehen mit Krücken lassen ein alsbaldiges Gehen ohne Hilfsmittel als sinnvoll erscheinen , um ein effizienteres Muskeltraining unter dynamischen Bedingungen zu ermöglichen . Déambulation avec et sans Béquilles après une Arthroplastie Totale de Hanche Il existe une variation considérable selon les centres concernant l'utilisation de béquilles pour la rééducation des patients ayant bénéficié d'une arthroplastie totale de hanche capables de supporter totalement leur poids . Cette étude était destinée à comparer la déambulation des patients après une arthroplastie totale de hanche marchant avec ou sans béquilles . L'analyse de la déambulation effectuée chez 19 patients incluait une évaluation cinématique , cinétique et une étude de l'activité électromyographique kinésiologique des muscles des membres inférieures et des muscles du tronc . Avec des béquilles , les patients ont marché plus lentement , à plus petits pas et plus symétriquement ( P < 0.05 ) . L'activité des muscles moyen fessier , vastes intérne et externe du membre inférieur et celle des muscles spinaux du côté atteint ont diminué significativement ( P < 0.05 ) , tout comme celle du muscle vaste interne du membre inférieur du côté non atteint . En outre , sept sujets ont présenté une activation anormale des abducteurs de hanche du côté atteint lors de la déambulation avec béquilles , se caractérisant par une deuxième salve d'activité électrique lors du balancement ( n = 5 ) ou un tracé tonique ( n = 2 ) . Conclusion : L'utilisation de béquilles a permis une déambulation symétrique . Toutefois , pour une rééducation musculaire plus efficace , en conditions dynamiques , il est recomm and é de recourir le plus rapidement possible après l'intervention à une déambulation sans aide en raison de la diminution de l'activité des muscles pelvi‐trochantériens concernés et de l'activation paradoxale des abducteurs de hanche du côté atteint lors de la déambulation avec béquilles . Deambulación con o sin Muletas de Apoyo en El Antebrazo en Pacientes Sometidos a Artroplastia de Cadera Completa Existe una gran variabilidad entre los centros en cuanto al uso de muletas de apoyo en el antebrazo en la rehabilitación de los pacientes sometidos a artoplastia de cadera completa que pueden soportar todo el peso . El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la marcha de los pacientes con artoplastia de cadera completa 
    Output:
    
agent
We found moderate to strong evidence that no adverse effects on subsidence and osseous integration of the femoral stem after uncemented THA occur after immediate UWB .
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Background In uncemented total hip arthroplasty with hydroxyapatite coating , early weight bearing is frequently practice d but there is still not much evidence to support this recommendation . Method In a prospect i ve r and omized study we evaluated the effect of partial and full weight bearing after  cementless total hip arthroplasty ( ABG ; Stryker-Howmedica ) using radiostereometric analysis ( RSA ) . Between February 1996 and February 2000 , 43 consecutive patients ( mean age 53 ( 41–63 ) years , 23 women ) with hip osteoarthrosis received an uncemented and hydroxyapatite-coated prosthesis with an anteverted stem . All patients were operated in a st and ardized way by three experienced surgeons and they were r and omized to partial ( P ) or full ( F ) weight bearing during the first 6 weeks after surgery . The patients in the partial weight bearing group were equipped with a pressuresensitive insole signaling when their load exceeded the prescribed weight limit . Results At 3-month follow-up , the mean proximal (+)/ distal ( - ) migration of the stem was -0.14 mm ( -1.93– 0.11 ) in group P and -0.31 mm ( -4.30–0.16 ) in group F ( p = 0.6 ) . At 1-year follow-up , the mean migration was –0.17 mm ( -2.18–0.21 ) and -0.28 mm ( -4.31–0.11 ) , respectively ( p = 0.9 ) . There was no significant difference in stem rotations either ( p < 0.2 ) . The cup translations , rotations , and femoral head penetration were similar in the two groups ( p < 0.1 ) . There were no re-operations during the first year . Interpretation We did not find any adverse effect of full weight bearing immediately after operation , which justifies use of this regimen after uncemented total hip arthroplasty of the ABG type We performed this investigation to determine the possible migration starting immediately after surgery and the effect of different weightbearing regimens on the migration pattern of an uncemented hip stem ( CLS ) . Stem migration was determined with radiostereometry analysis with baseline when the patients still were anesthetized . Subsequent examinations were done up to 1 year . Twenty-nine patients ( mean age , 55 years ; range , 26 - 63 years ) were r and omized to either unrestricted weightbearing combined with intensive physiotherapy  from the first day after surgery or to partial weightbearing and a conservative training regimen for the first 3 months after surgery . At 1 week , subsidence was −0.03 mm in the unrestricted weightbearing group and 0.01 mm in the partial weightbearing group . At 1 year , subsidence was 1.01 mm in the unrestricted weightbearing group and 0.51 mm in the partial weightbearing group . One patient in the unrestricted weightbearing group had revision surgery because of aseptic loosening at 1.5 years after surgery . The CLS stem did not have any migration from the end the surgery until 1 week , but there was small migration from 1 week to 3 months after which the stem remained stable . The degree of early weightbearing did not affect the migration pattern . Level of Evidence : Level I , therapeutic study ( r and omized study ) . See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence Abstract . In a prospect i ve study of cementless total hip arthroplasty , 19 hips in 17 patients ( Group A ) were allowed full weight-bearing immediately after the operation while 18 hips in 16 patients ( Group B ) were first allowed weight-bearing after 6 weeks . Patients were matched for sex , age at surgery , height , weight , and follow-up period and there were no significant differences in hip scores between the two groups . Rehabilitation to gain walking ability with a cane lasted 5.8 days for Group A and 44.8 days for Group B ( P=0.0001 ) . The hospital stay after surgery was 30.1 days for Group A and 46.7 days for Group B ( P=0.006 ) . All patients showed bone ingrowth radiographically . There were no complications in either group . Résumé . Dans une étude prospect i ve d'arthroplastie totale de la hanche non-cimentée , z 17 malades ( 19 hanches ) ( Groupe A ) ont eu l'autorisation de pratiquer un appui complet immédiatement après l'intervention t and is que 16 malades ( 18 hanches ) ( Groupe B ) l'ont fait après 6 semaines . Les malades ont été appariés en regard du sexe , de l'âge à la chirurgie , de la taille , du poids , et de la durée du suivi . Il n'y avait pas de différence significative en ce qui concerne les scores du fonctionnement de la hanche entre les deux groupes . La durée de rééducation nécessaire pour obtenir la capacité de marche à l'aide d'une canne était de 5,8 jours pour le Groupe A et de 44,8 jours pour Groupe B ( P=0.0001 ) . La durée de séjour à l'hôpital après l'intervention était de 30,1 jours pour le Groupe A et de 46,7 jours pour le Groupe B ( P=0.006 ) . Nous avons constaté chez tous les patients une fixation osseuse à la radiographie . Il n'y avait aucune complication dans les deux groupes The  vertical migration of four configurations of a proximal femoral prosthesis , followed for up to nine years , was measured on st and ard radiographs . The same implant was used without cement ( group 1 ) and with cement ( group 2 ) . The migration of both groups was linear from six months onwards . The mean migration rate and the incidence of late aseptic loosening were both greater in group 1 . Survival analysis of the two groups , however , showed no statistically significant difference . In both groups , hips later destined for revision migrated more rapidly from the initial postoperative period onwards , than did the remainder . A threshold migration of 1.2 mm/year during the first two years after implantation detected hips likely to fail with a specificity of 86 % and a sensitivity of 78 % . This ' migration test ' was applied to the results in two further groups of patients in which a modified femoral prosthesis had been implanted without hydroxyapatite coating ( group 3 ) and with hydroxyapatite coating  ( group 4 ) . The test distinguished between the four groups and suggested that at least two fixation procedures should be ab and oned . We conclude that vertical migration measured on st and ard radiographs in the first two years after implantation can be used to predict late aseptic loosening . New prosthetic configurations should be evaluated by migration measurements before their general release . Our observations support the view that one cause of late aseptic loosening is imperfect initial fixation Background and Aims : The effectiveness of partial weightbearing after hip surgery has been question ed as well as the need of intensive physiotherapy . Material and Methods : 36 patients ( average age 54.4 , 19 women ) operated with uncemented hip arthroplasty were r and omized either to unrestricted weightbearing ( UWB ) combined with intensive physiotherapy or to partial weightbearing ( PWB ) for 3 months combined with a short self-training program . The load during walking and the muscle strength ( MS ) in abduction was measured preoperative and subsequent up to 12 months . Results : The average peak load on the operated leg at one week was 39.0 kg for the UWB and 25.8 for the PWB group ( P = 0.009 ) while at three months 70.0 and 31.7 ( P = 0.001 ) respectively . At 6 and 12 months there were no differences between the groups . The muscle strength increased in both groups up to six months but there were no differences between the groups . Conclusions : Even though patients applied more load than the recommended 15 kg most patients were able to comply with partial weightbearing fairly well . The effect of intensive physiotherapy on the muscle strength after hip arthroplasty is question able & NA ; There is considerable variation between centres in the use of forearm crutches in the rehabilitation of patients with total hip arthroplasty who are capable of full weight bearing . This study aim ed to compare the gait of patients with total hip arthroplasty walking with and without crutches .  The gait analysis in 19 patients included the assessment of kinematics , kinetics and the kinesiological electromyographic activity of lower limb and trunk muscles . With the forearm crutches patients walked with a reduced cadence , a longer stride length and more symmetrically ( P < 0.05 ) . The activity of the gluteus medius , vastus medialis and lateralis , and erector spinae muscles of the affected and of the vastus medialis muscle of the unaffected side decreased significantly ( P < 0.05 ) . Furthermore , seven subjects displayed an abnormal activation pattern of the affected hip abductor when walking with forearm crutches , characterized by a second burst during swing ( n = 5 ) or a tonic pattern ( n = 2 ) . It is concluded that the use of forearm crutches result ed in a symmetrical gait pattern . The reduced activity of relevant pelvi‐trochanteric muscles and the disturbed activation pattern of the affected hip abductor when walking with crutches might indicate that patients should walk unaided as soon as possible to provide a more efficient muscular training under dynamic conditions . Gang mit und ohne Unterarmkrücken bei Patienten mit Hüft‐TEP Es gibt erhebliche Unterschiede zwischen den Zentren bei der Verwendung von Unterarmkrücken bei der Rehabilitation von Patienten mit Hüft‐TEP , die voll belastbar sind . Diese Studie hat das Ziel , den Gang von Patienten mit Hüft‐TEP , die mit und ohne Krücken gehen , zu vergleichen . Die Gangauswertung bei 19 Patienten umfa&bgr;t die Beurteilung der Kinematik , Kinetik und der kinesiologischen elektromyeolographischen Aktivität der Muskeln von Rumpf und unteren Extremitäten . Mit den Unterarmkrücken gingen die Patienten mit einem verlangsamten Rhythmus , einer grö&bgr;eren Schrittlänge und symmetrischer ( P < 0.05 ) , die Aktivität der Mm gluteus , vastus medialis und laterialis sowie erector spinae der betroffenen und des M. vastus medialis der nichtbetroffenen Seite nahmen erheblich ab ( P < 0.05 ) . Au&bgr;erdem hatten sieben Patienten beim Gehen mit Unterarmkrücken ein abnormes Aktivierungsmuster des betroffenen Hüftabduktors , das sich in einem zweiten Impuls beim Schwung ( n = 5 ) oder einem tonischen Muster ( n = 2 ) äu&bgr;erte . Schlu&bgr;folgerung : Die Verwendung von Unterarmstützen führte zu einem symmetrischen Gangmuster . Die verringerte Aktivität von relevanten Muskeln von Becken und Trochanter und das gestörte Aktivierungsmuster des betroffenen Hüftabduktors beim Gehen mit Krücken lassen ein alsbaldiges Gehen ohne Hilfsmittel als sinnvoll erscheinen , um ein effizienteres Muskeltraining unter dynamischen Bedingungen zu ermöglichen . Déambulation avec et sans Béquilles après une Arthroplastie Totale de Hanche Il existe une variation considérable selon les centres concernant l'utilisation de béquilles pour la rééducation des patients ayant bénéficié d'une arthroplastie totale de hanche capables de supporter totalement leur poids . Cette étude était destinée à comparer la déambulation des patients après une arthroplastie totale de hanche marchant avec ou sans béquilles . L'analyse de la déambulation effectuée chez 19 patients incluait une évaluation cinématique , cinétique et une étude de l'activité électromyographique kinésiologique des muscles des membres inférieures et des muscles du tronc . Avec des béquilles , les patients ont marché plus lentement , à plus petits pas et plus symétriquement ( P < 0.05 ) . L'activité des muscles moyen fessier , vastes intérne et externe du membre inférieur et celle des muscles spinaux du côté atteint ont diminué significativement ( P < 0.05 ) , tout comme celle du muscle vaste interne du membre inférieur du côté non atteint . En outre , sept sujets ont présenté une activation anormale des abducteurs de hanche du côté atteint lors de la déambulation avec béquilles , se caractérisant par une deuxième salve d'activité électrique lors du balancement ( n = 5 ) ou un tracé tonique ( n = 2 ) . Conclusion : L'utilisation de béquilles a permis une déambulation symétrique . Toutefois , pour une rééducation musculaire plus efficace , en conditions dynamiques , il est recomm and é de recourir le plus rapidement possible après l'intervention à une déambulation sans aide en raison de la diminution de l'activité des muscles pelvi‐trochantériens concernés et de l'activation paradoxale des abducteurs de hanche du côté atteint lors de la déambulation avec béquilles . Deambulación con o sin Muletas de Apoyo en El Antebrazo en Pacientes Sometidos a Artroplastia de Cadera Completa Existe una gran variabilidad entre los centros en cuanto al uso de muletas de apoyo en el antebrazo en la rehabilitación de los pacientes sometidos a artoplastia de cadera completa que pueden soportar todo el peso . El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la marcha de los pacientes con artoplastia de cadera completa 
    Output:
    