human
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: OBJECTIVE To evaluate the changes in cross-sectional area morphology of curved canals after instrumentation with Profile((R ) ) , Hero 642((R ) ) , and K3((R ) ) using digital imaging analysis . Study design Thirty mesial m and ibular curved canals were used ( 25 - 40 degrees ) . The molars were embedded in resin and the roots were sectioned transversely at three levels : apical , middle , and coronal . The canals were r and omly distributed into 3 groups for instrumentation using Profile.04 and .06 , Hero 642 , and K3 . The pre- and postinstrumentation sections were digitized and areas corresponding to the canals were measured with image-processing software . RESULTS Hero  eliminated significantly more dentine than K3 and Profile in all 3 sections ( P < .01 , ANOVA test ) , with no differences observed between the latter 2 systems ( P > .05 , Student-Newman-Keuls test ) . All 3 systems yielded a rounded canal morphology in the coronal , middle , and apical thirds . CONCLUSION Hero rotary instruments produced more changes in cross-sectional area of the root canal INTRODUCTION : The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of dentine removed after canal preparation using stainless steel ( SS ) h and instruments or rotary ProFile instruments . MATERIAL S AND METHODS : Thirty-six extracted human teeth with root canal curvatures less than 30º were embedded in clear polyester resin . The roots were cut horizontally at apical 2 , 4 and 7 mm . Dentin thickness was measured at each section and the sections were accurately reassembled using a muffle . Root canals were r and omly prepared by SS h and instruments or rotary ProFile instruments . Root sections were again separated , and the remaining dentin thickness was measured . Mann-Whitney U and t tests were performed for analytic comparison of the results . RESULTS : The thickness of removed dentin was significantly different between the two used methods ( P<0.05 ) . Significantly greater amounts of dentin was removed mesially in all sections in h and instrumentation group ( P<0.001 ) . CONCLUSION : ProFile rotary instrumentation prepares root canals with a greater conservation of tooth structure OBJECTIVE The present study was design ed to test the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference in debridement quality promoted by 3 nickel-titanium ( NiTi ) rotary systems . STUDY DESIGN Sixty-seven vital m and ibular molars that were prospect ively collected in vivo were used . The teeth were extracted and then pulp tissue fixed by 10 % formalin . The use of different NiTi rotary systems result ed in 3 experimental groups with 20 specimens each : G1 : Hero 642 ; G2 : K3 ; and G3 : ProTaper Universal . Afterward , the specimens were histologically prepared and serial 0.5 microm cross-sections were obtained every 0.2 mm from the 1 - 3 mm apical levels . The remaining pulp tissue was assessed using a morphometric approach . The cross-sectional area of each root canal and remaining pulp tissue were measured ( mcirom(2 ) ) . Thus , the percentages of remaining pulp tissue area were calculated for each root canal . RESULTS Overall , the pooled data obtained from all levels revealed a variable amount of remaining pulp tissue for all experimental groups . Remaining pulp tissue existed in every specimen . However , the Kruskal-Wallis H test was unable to show significant differences among the experimental groups ( P > .05 ) for the pooled data from all levels . CONCLUSIONS The present study did not find a significant difference in the quality of canal debridement between different NiTi rotary systems , because an adequate tapered shape is obtained This study compared preparations of curved canals , using Profile , GT file and Hero 642 rotary files .  A total of 30 mesiobuccal canals of extracted first and second m and ibular molars were used in this study . The teeth were embedded in resin and a pre-operative radiograph was taken . The specimens were then r and omly divided into three instrument groups . Pre- and post-instrumentation radiographic images were scanned and superimposed using the VISI CAD/CAM program . At nine horizontal sections at 1 mm increments from the apex , it calculated pre- and post-instrumentation cross sectional areas ( mm(2 ) ) and enlargements to the inner aspect and outer aspects ( mm ) . A Kruskal-Wallis test found no statistical difference among the groups in terms of total areas removed by each instrument ( P > 0.05 ) . It also found no significant difference in any group between the total of the inner and outer enlargements ( P > 0.05 ) . However the GT file removed significantly more material from the outer side of the canal than the inside at sections 3 - 5 , and the Hero removed significantly more material from the outer side at sections 7 - 9 ( P < 0.05 ) . All instruments produced preparations that maintained original canal curvatures 
    Output:
    
agent
Therefore , the rotary NiTi Hero 642 and K3 files demonstrated comparable shaping abilities and maintenance of working length
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: OBJECTIVE To evaluate the changes in cross-sectional area morphology of curved canals after instrumentation with Profile((R ) ) , Hero 642((R ) ) , and K3((R ) ) using digital imaging analysis . Study design Thirty mesial m and ibular curved canals were used ( 25 - 40 degrees ) . The molars were embedded in resin and the roots were sectioned transversely at three levels : apical , middle , and coronal . The canals were r and omly distributed into 3 groups for instrumentation using Profile.04 and .06 , Hero 642 , and K3 . The pre- and postinstrumentation sections were digitized and areas corresponding to the canals were measured with image-processing software . RESULTS Hero  eliminated significantly more dentine than K3 and Profile in all 3 sections ( P < .01 , ANOVA test ) , with no differences observed between the latter 2 systems ( P > .05 , Student-Newman-Keuls test ) . All 3 systems yielded a rounded canal morphology in the coronal , middle , and apical thirds . CONCLUSION Hero rotary instruments produced more changes in cross-sectional area of the root canal INTRODUCTION : The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of dentine removed after canal preparation using stainless steel ( SS ) h and instruments or rotary ProFile instruments . MATERIAL S AND METHODS : Thirty-six extracted human teeth with root canal curvatures less than 30º were embedded in clear polyester resin . The roots were cut horizontally at apical 2 , 4 and 7 mm . Dentin thickness was measured at each section and the sections were accurately reassembled using a muffle . Root canals were r and omly prepared by SS h and instruments or rotary ProFile instruments . Root sections were again separated , and the remaining dentin thickness was measured . Mann-Whitney U and t tests were performed for analytic comparison of the results . RESULTS : The thickness of removed dentin was significantly different between the two used methods ( P<0.05 ) . Significantly greater amounts of dentin was removed mesially in all sections in h and instrumentation group ( P<0.001 ) . CONCLUSION : ProFile rotary instrumentation prepares root canals with a greater conservation of tooth structure OBJECTIVE The present study was design ed to test the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference in debridement quality promoted by 3 nickel-titanium ( NiTi ) rotary systems . STUDY DESIGN Sixty-seven vital m and ibular molars that were prospect ively collected in vivo were used . The teeth were extracted and then pulp tissue fixed by 10 % formalin . The use of different NiTi rotary systems result ed in 3 experimental groups with 20 specimens each : G1 : Hero 642 ; G2 : K3 ; and G3 : ProTaper Universal . Afterward , the specimens were histologically prepared and serial 0.5 microm cross-sections were obtained every 0.2 mm from the 1 - 3 mm apical levels . The remaining pulp tissue was assessed using a morphometric approach . The cross-sectional area of each root canal and remaining pulp tissue were measured ( mcirom(2 ) ) . Thus , the percentages of remaining pulp tissue area were calculated for each root canal . RESULTS Overall , the pooled data obtained from all levels revealed a variable amount of remaining pulp tissue for all experimental groups . Remaining pulp tissue existed in every specimen . However , the Kruskal-Wallis H test was unable to show significant differences among the experimental groups ( P > .05 ) for the pooled data from all levels . CONCLUSIONS The present study did not find a significant difference in the quality of canal debridement between different NiTi rotary systems , because an adequate tapered shape is obtained This study compared preparations of curved canals , using Profile , GT file and Hero 642 rotary files .  A total of 30 mesiobuccal canals of extracted first and second m and ibular molars were used in this study . The teeth were embedded in resin and a pre-operative radiograph was taken . The specimens were then r and omly divided into three instrument groups . Pre- and post-instrumentation radiographic images were scanned and superimposed using the VISI CAD/CAM program . At nine horizontal sections at 1 mm increments from the apex , it calculated pre- and post-instrumentation cross sectional areas ( mm(2 ) ) and enlargements to the inner aspect and outer aspects ( mm ) . A Kruskal-Wallis test found no statistical difference among the groups in terms of total areas removed by each instrument ( P > 0.05 ) . It also found no significant difference in any group between the total of the inner and outer enlargements ( P > 0.05 ) . However the GT file removed significantly more material from the outer side of the canal than the inside at sections 3 - 5 , and the Hero removed significantly more material from the outer side at sections 7 - 9 ( P < 0.05 ) . All instruments produced preparations that maintained original canal curvatures 
    Output:
    