human
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: AIMS To correlate the dynamics of platelet activation with the development of thromboembolic events in patients with continuous-flow left ventricular assist device ( cf-LVAD ) . METHODS AND RESULTS The  platelet activity state ( PAS ) assay  was utilized to evaluate platelet activation in 68 cf-LVAD patients implanted with the HeartMate II ( n = 15 , 22 % ) , HeartMate 3 ( n = 15 , 22 % ) , or HeartWare HVAD ( n = 38 , 56 % ) .  PAS  was measured preoperatively , early post-implant , and at long-term follow-up ( 1 , 3 , 6 , 12 , 18 , and 24 months post-implant ) .  PAS  was also measured at the occurrence of adverse events in patients who developed thrombotic complications . Data on patient demographics , medical history , antithrombotic therapy , and coagulation parameters were also analysed . Over a median follow-up of 602 ( 234 - 942 ) days , PAS values did not increase over time in the overall population ( P = 0.15 ) . However , PAS measured at event was 15-fold higher in the six patients ( 9 % ) who suffered pump thrombosis ( n = 2 ) or ischaemic stroke ( n = 4 ) vs. the rest of the population [ 6.67 % ( 5.59%-11.98 % ) vs. 0.45 % ( 0.33%-0.75 % ) ; P = 0.012 ] , despite comparable coagulation profile . Pre-implant PAS values were 4.5-fold higher in these patients [ 1.90 % ( 1.24%-3.17 % ) vs. 0.42 % ( 0.32%-0.72 % ) ; P = 0.006 ] . Neither preoperative variables nor the type of the pump or the antiplatelet strategy were associated with a higher risk of complications . CONCLUSIONS Thrombotic events are associated with altered PAS values . Moreover , baseline elevated PAS values in patients who developed thrombotic events suggest patient-specific tendency to post-implant thromboembolic complications . Prospect ively , systematic monitoring of PAS might guide the development of refined patient-tailored antithrombotic strategies and the technological improvement of LVAD design Background Mechanical circulatory support with a left ventricular assist device ( LVAD ) is an established treatment for patients with advanced heart failure . We compared a newer LVAD design ( a small intrapericardial centrifugal‐flow device ) against existing technology ( a commercially available axial‐flow device ) in patients with advanced heart failure who were ineligible for heart transplantation . Methods We conducted a multicenter r and omized trial involving 446 patients who were assigned , in a 2:1 ratio , to the study ( centrifugal‐flow ) device or the control ( axial‐flow ) device . Adults who met contemporary criteria for LVAD implantation for permanent use were eligible to participate in the trial . The primary end point was survival at 2 years free from disabling stroke or device removal for malfunction or failure . The trial was powered to show noninferiority with a margin of 15 percentage points . Results The intention‐to treat‐ population included 297 participants assigned to the study device and 148 participants assigned to the control device . The primary end point was achieved in 164 patients in the study group and 85 patients in the control group . The analysis of the primary end point showed noninferiority of the study device relative to the control device ( estimated success rates , 55.4 % and 59.1 % , respectively , calculated by the Weibull model ; absolute difference , 3.7 percentage points ; 95 % upper confidence limit , 12.56 percentage points ; P=0.01 for noninferiority ) . More patients in the control group than in the study group had device malfunction or device failure requiring replacement ( 16.2 % vs. 8.8 % ) , and more patients in the study group had strokes ( 29.7 % vs. 12.1 % ) . Quality of life and functional capacity improved to a similar degree in the two groups . Conclusions In this trial involving patients with advanced heart failure who were ineligible for heart transplantation , a small , intrapericardial , centrifugal‐flow LVAD was found to be noninferior to an axial‐flow LVAD with respect to survival free from disabling stroke or device removal for malfunction or failure . ( Funded by HeartWare ; ENDURANCE Clinical Trials.gov number , NCT01166347 . BACKGROUND The HeartWare Ventricular Assist System ( HeartWare Inc , Framingmam , MA ) is a miniaturized implantable , centrifugal design , continuous-flow blood pump . The pivotal bridge to transplant and continued access protocol s trials have enrolled patients with advanced heart failure in a bridge-to-transplant indication . METHODS The primary outcome , success , was defined as survival on the originally implanted device , transplant , or explant for ventricular recovery at 180 days . Secondary outcomes included an evaluation of survival , functional and quality of life outcomes , and adverse events . RESULTS A total of 332 patients in the pivotal bridge to transplant and continued access protocol s trial have completed their 180-day primary end-point assessment . Survival in patients receiving the HeartWare pump was 91 % at 180 days and 84 % at 360 days . Quality of life scores improved significantly , and adverse event rates remain low . CONCLUSIONS The use of the HeartWare pump as a bridge to transplant continues to demonstrate a high 180-day survival rate despite a low rate of transplant . Adverse event rates are similar or better than those observed in historical bridge-to-transplant trials , despite longer exposure times due to longer survival and lower transplant rates 
    Output:
    
agent
AF in CF-LVAD patients was not associated with overall TE , stroke , or device thrombosis events .
These findings might be explained by the highly thrombogenic property of CF-LVADs that exceeds the thromboembolic risk driven by AF
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: AIMS To correlate the dynamics of platelet activation with the development of thromboembolic events in patients with continuous-flow left ventricular assist device ( cf-LVAD ) . METHODS AND RESULTS The  platelet activity state ( PAS ) assay  was utilized to evaluate platelet activation in 68 cf-LVAD patients implanted with the HeartMate II ( n = 15 , 22 % ) , HeartMate 3 ( n = 15 , 22 % ) , or HeartWare HVAD ( n = 38 , 56 % ) .  PAS  was measured preoperatively , early post-implant , and at long-term follow-up ( 1 , 3 , 6 , 12 , 18 , and 24 months post-implant ) .  PAS  was also measured at the occurrence of adverse events in patients who developed thrombotic complications . Data on patient demographics , medical history , antithrombotic therapy , and coagulation parameters were also analysed . Over a median follow-up of 602 ( 234 - 942 ) days , PAS values did not increase over time in the overall population ( P = 0.15 ) . However , PAS measured at event was 15-fold higher in the six patients ( 9 % ) who suffered pump thrombosis ( n = 2 ) or ischaemic stroke ( n = 4 ) vs. the rest of the population [ 6.67 % ( 5.59%-11.98 % ) vs. 0.45 % ( 0.33%-0.75 % ) ; P = 0.012 ] , despite comparable coagulation profile . Pre-implant PAS values were 4.5-fold higher in these patients [ 1.90 % ( 1.24%-3.17 % ) vs. 0.42 % ( 0.32%-0.72 % ) ; P = 0.006 ] . Neither preoperative variables nor the type of the pump or the antiplatelet strategy were associated with a higher risk of complications . CONCLUSIONS Thrombotic events are associated with altered PAS values . Moreover , baseline elevated PAS values in patients who developed thrombotic events suggest patient-specific tendency to post-implant thromboembolic complications . Prospect ively , systematic monitoring of PAS might guide the development of refined patient-tailored antithrombotic strategies and the technological improvement of LVAD design Background Mechanical circulatory support with a left ventricular assist device ( LVAD ) is an established treatment for patients with advanced heart failure . We compared a newer LVAD design ( a small intrapericardial centrifugal‐flow device ) against existing technology ( a commercially available axial‐flow device ) in patients with advanced heart failure who were ineligible for heart transplantation . Methods We conducted a multicenter r and omized trial involving 446 patients who were assigned , in a 2:1 ratio , to the study ( centrifugal‐flow ) device or the control ( axial‐flow ) device . Adults who met contemporary criteria for LVAD implantation for permanent use were eligible to participate in the trial . The primary end point was survival at 2 years free from disabling stroke or device removal for malfunction or failure . The trial was powered to show noninferiority with a margin of 15 percentage points . Results The intention‐to treat‐ population included 297 participants assigned to the study device and 148 participants assigned to the control device . The primary end point was achieved in 164 patients in the study group and 85 patients in the control group . The analysis of the primary end point showed noninferiority of the study device relative to the control device ( estimated success rates , 55.4 % and 59.1 % , respectively , calculated by the Weibull model ; absolute difference , 3.7 percentage points ; 95 % upper confidence limit , 12.56 percentage points ; P=0.01 for noninferiority ) . More patients in the control group than in the study group had device malfunction or device failure requiring replacement ( 16.2 % vs. 8.8 % ) , and more patients in the study group had strokes ( 29.7 % vs. 12.1 % ) . Quality of life and functional capacity improved to a similar degree in the two groups . Conclusions In this trial involving patients with advanced heart failure who were ineligible for heart transplantation , a small , intrapericardial , centrifugal‐flow LVAD was found to be noninferior to an axial‐flow LVAD with respect to survival free from disabling stroke or device removal for malfunction or failure . ( Funded by HeartWare ; ENDURANCE Clinical Trials.gov number , NCT01166347 . BACKGROUND The HeartWare Ventricular Assist System ( HeartWare Inc , Framingmam , MA ) is a miniaturized implantable , centrifugal design , continuous-flow blood pump . The pivotal bridge to transplant and continued access protocol s trials have enrolled patients with advanced heart failure in a bridge-to-transplant indication . METHODS The primary outcome , success , was defined as survival on the originally implanted device , transplant , or explant for ventricular recovery at 180 days . Secondary outcomes included an evaluation of survival , functional and quality of life outcomes , and adverse events . RESULTS A total of 332 patients in the pivotal bridge to transplant and continued access protocol s trial have completed their 180-day primary end-point assessment . Survival in patients receiving the HeartWare pump was 91 % at 180 days and 84 % at 360 days . Quality of life scores improved significantly , and adverse event rates remain low . CONCLUSIONS The use of the HeartWare pump as a bridge to transplant continues to demonstrate a high 180-day survival rate despite a low rate of transplant . Adverse event rates are similar or better than those observed in historical bridge-to-transplant trials , despite longer exposure times due to longer survival and lower transplant rates 
    Output:
    