human
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Reports in the surgical literature are conflicting as to whether appendectomy " in passing " during laparotomy for trauma or for some other disease state does or does not significantly increase patient morbidity or mortality . A chart survey of all appendectomies ( 342 for acute appendicitis and 146 as incidental procedures ) performed on the trauma service of Grady Memorial Hospital over a 40 month period appeared to indicate that the wound infection rate ( 6.8 percent ) was the same as that for acute simple or suppurative appendicitis ( 6.7 percent ) , whereas the intraabdominal sepsis rate ( 17.5 percent ) paralleled that for more advanced gangrenous or perforative appendicitis ( 18.6 percent ) . Since the validity of a retrospective review is always open to question , a prospect i ve , r and omized trial was carried out only on patients with a negative abdominal exploration for trauma over a 22 month interval at the same trauma service . An odd second from the last digit hospital number dictated appendectomy , provided the appendix was readily accessible ; an even digit in the same locus dictated retention of the appendix . In no patient did intraperitoneal sepsis develop , regardless of the procedure chosen . Wound infection rates were 1.8 percent for appendectomy ( 1 of 56 ) , if local anatomic considerations precluded an easy appendectomy ( 0 of 45 ) , and 3.6 percent for the control subjects without appendectomy ( 3 of 83 ) . There were no deaths . These data cast considerable doubt on the reliability of retrospective review s and support the generally accepted dictum that incidental appendectomy , especially in the trauma patient , can be a relatively innocuous procedure We undertook a prospect i ve study of the effect of incidental appendectomy on the safety of cholecystectomy  in patients under the age of 50 years . One hundred twenty patients were r and omized to have either cholecystectomy alone or cholecystectomy and appendectomy .  All patients received preoperative antibiotic cover . Both groups were well matched for age , sex , obesity , and length of hospital stay . Twelve patients were withdrawn from the trial .  Wound infections occurred in three of the 56 patients in the cholecystectomy group ( 5.3 % ) and in two of the 52 patients in the cholecystectomy plus appendectomy group ( 3.8 % ) . Incidental appendectomy is a safe addition to elective cholecystectomy Abstract Background : The aggressive surgical approach to patients suspected of having acute appendicitis for fear of perforation , and the inaccuracy of available diagnostic methods lead to an unacceptably high negative appendicectomy rate , especially in young women , in whom gynecological disorders frequently mimic appendicitis . Our objectives were to determine the value of diagnostic laparoscopy in women of child-bearing age to reduce the number of negative laparotomies and establish the correct diagnosis to allow prompt and appropriate treatment . Methods : 161 consecutive adult female patients under 50 years of age with a clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis underwent diagnostic laparoscopy  prior to the planned appendicectomy .  If an inflamed appendix was found , appendicectomy was usually done through a muscle-splitting McBurney incision . Other diagnoses were treated accordingly . A normal appendix was not removed . Results were compared to a group of 42 similar patients in whom the laparoscopy was omitted for various reasons , to 23 postmenopausal women , and to all 137 male adults , directly operated by the McBurney approach .  Results : After laparoscopy , 55 % of the patients required  appendicectomy  for appendicitis while in 23 % a gynecological diagnosis was made in spite of previous examination by a gynecologist . Fourteen percent had a negative laparoscopy . There were no false-negative results . The negative appendicectomy rate after laparoscopy was 5 % due to two false positives and eight laparoscopy failures . In the group of fertile females who escaped laparoscopy the negative appendicectomy rate was 38 % . The respective rates for postmenopausal women and men were 4 % and 8 % . Conclusions : All women of child-bearing age suspected of having acute appendicitis should undergo diagnostic laparoscopy prior to the planned appendicectomy , regardless of the certainty of the preoperative diagnosis . This is currently the only way to reduce the negative appendicectomy rate and establish a correct diagnosis allowing prompt and appropriate treatment . In male patients and postmenopausal women one may proceed directly to emergency appendicectomy 
    Output:
    
agent
Morbidity was minimal at all ages .
: The data from the current survey and literature review support incidental removal of the appendix in the young patient ( < 35 years old ) .
However , routine incidental appendectomy can not be justified in patients greater than age 50
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Reports in the surgical literature are conflicting as to whether appendectomy " in passing " during laparotomy for trauma or for some other disease state does or does not significantly increase patient morbidity or mortality . A chart survey of all appendectomies ( 342 for acute appendicitis and 146 as incidental procedures ) performed on the trauma service of Grady Memorial Hospital over a 40 month period appeared to indicate that the wound infection rate ( 6.8 percent ) was the same as that for acute simple or suppurative appendicitis ( 6.7 percent ) , whereas the intraabdominal sepsis rate ( 17.5 percent ) paralleled that for more advanced gangrenous or perforative appendicitis ( 18.6 percent ) . Since the validity of a retrospective review is always open to question , a prospect i ve , r and omized trial was carried out only on patients with a negative abdominal exploration for trauma over a 22 month interval at the same trauma service . An odd second from the last digit hospital number dictated appendectomy , provided the appendix was readily accessible ; an even digit in the same locus dictated retention of the appendix . In no patient did intraperitoneal sepsis develop , regardless of the procedure chosen . Wound infection rates were 1.8 percent for appendectomy ( 1 of 56 ) , if local anatomic considerations precluded an easy appendectomy ( 0 of 45 ) , and 3.6 percent for the control subjects without appendectomy ( 3 of 83 ) . There were no deaths . These data cast considerable doubt on the reliability of retrospective review s and support the generally accepted dictum that incidental appendectomy , especially in the trauma patient , can be a relatively innocuous procedure We undertook a prospect i ve study of the effect of incidental appendectomy on the safety of cholecystectomy  in patients under the age of 50 years . One hundred twenty patients were r and omized to have either cholecystectomy alone or cholecystectomy and appendectomy .  All patients received preoperative antibiotic cover . Both groups were well matched for age , sex , obesity , and length of hospital stay . Twelve patients were withdrawn from the trial .  Wound infections occurred in three of the 56 patients in the cholecystectomy group ( 5.3 % ) and in two of the 52 patients in the cholecystectomy plus appendectomy group ( 3.8 % ) . Incidental appendectomy is a safe addition to elective cholecystectomy Abstract Background : The aggressive surgical approach to patients suspected of having acute appendicitis for fear of perforation , and the inaccuracy of available diagnostic methods lead to an unacceptably high negative appendicectomy rate , especially in young women , in whom gynecological disorders frequently mimic appendicitis . Our objectives were to determine the value of diagnostic laparoscopy in women of child-bearing age to reduce the number of negative laparotomies and establish the correct diagnosis to allow prompt and appropriate treatment . Methods : 161 consecutive adult female patients under 50 years of age with a clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis underwent diagnostic laparoscopy  prior to the planned appendicectomy .  If an inflamed appendix was found , appendicectomy was usually done through a muscle-splitting McBurney incision . Other diagnoses were treated accordingly . A normal appendix was not removed . Results were compared to a group of 42 similar patients in whom the laparoscopy was omitted for various reasons , to 23 postmenopausal women , and to all 137 male adults , directly operated by the McBurney approach .  Results : After laparoscopy , 55 % of the patients required  appendicectomy  for appendicitis while in 23 % a gynecological diagnosis was made in spite of previous examination by a gynecologist . Fourteen percent had a negative laparoscopy . There were no false-negative results . The negative appendicectomy rate after laparoscopy was 5 % due to two false positives and eight laparoscopy failures . In the group of fertile females who escaped laparoscopy the negative appendicectomy rate was 38 % . The respective rates for postmenopausal women and men were 4 % and 8 % . Conclusions : All women of child-bearing age suspected of having acute appendicitis should undergo diagnostic laparoscopy prior to the planned appendicectomy , regardless of the certainty of the preoperative diagnosis . This is currently the only way to reduce the negative appendicectomy rate and establish a correct diagnosis allowing prompt and appropriate treatment . In male patients and postmenopausal women one may proceed directly to emergency appendicectomy 
    Output:
    