human
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Background —There is evidence that aerobic exercise improves functional capacity in patients with New York Heart Association ( NYHA ) class II and III chronic heart failure . However , it is unknown whether dancing is safe and able to improve functional capacity in patients with chronic heart failure . Methods and Results —We prospect ively studied 130 patients with stable chronic heart failure ( 107 men ; mean age , 59±11 years ) in New York Heart Association class II and III and left ventricle ejection fraction < 40 % . Patients were r and omized to supervised aerobic exercise training at 70 % of peak & OV0312;o2 3 times a week for 8 weeks ( group E , n=44 ) or to a dance protocol of alternate slow ( 5 minutes ) and fast ( 3 minutes ) waltz lasting 21 minutes ( group D , n=44 ) . A group that did not undergo exercise training served as control ( group C , n=42 ) . On study entry and at 8 weeks , all patients underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a cycle ergometer until volitional fatigue , 2D-echo with Doppler , and endothelium-dependent dilation of the brachial artery . Heart rate was 111±15 bpm during exercise training and 113±19 bpm during dancing ( P=0.59 ) . Peak & OV0312;o2 , anaerobic threshold , & OV0312;e/&OV0312;co2 slope , and & OV0312;o2/W slope were all similarly improved in both E and D groups ( + 16 % and 18 % , 20 % and 21 % , 14 % and 15 % , 18 % and 19 % , respectively ; P not significant for all comparisons ; P<0.001 versus controls ) . Endothelium-dependent relaxation was also similarly improved ( group E , from 2.6±1.3 % to 5.2±1.5 % , P<0.001 versus control ; group D , from 2.2±1.4 % to 5.0±1.5 % , P<0.001 versus control for both E and D ) . The change in peak & OV0312;o2 in E and D groups was correlated with changes in peak velocity of early filling wave/peak velocity of late filling ratio ( r=−0.58 , P<0.001 ) and endothelium-dependent dilation ( r=0.64 , P<0.001 ) . Untoward events were rare in both E and D groups . Conclusions —In patients with stable chronic heart failure , waltz dancing is safe and able to improve functional capacity and endothelium-dependent dilation similar to traditional aerobic exercise training . Waltz dancing may be considered in clinical practice in combination with aerobic exercise training or as an alternative to it OBJECTIVE To determine the level of improvement , as regards pain , impact on fibromyalgia and depression , achieved by patients with fibromyalgia by comparing aquatic biodanza and stretching exercises . DESIGN R and omised controlled trial with two intervention groups . LOCATION Five health centres ( Almeria ) . PATIENTS A total of 82 fibromyalgia patients between 18 and 65 years old , diagnosed by American College of Rheumatology criteria , were included , with 12 patients declining to take part in the study . The 70 remaining patients were r and omly assigned to two groups of 35 patients each : aquatic biodanza and stretching exercises .  Those who did not attend in at least 14 sessions or changed their treatment during the studio were excluded . The final sample consisted of 19 patients in aquatic biodanza group and 20 in stretching group . The limitations of the study included , the open evaluation design and a sample size reduced by defaults . MAIN MEASURES The outcome measures were sociodemographic data , quality of life ( Fibromyalgia Impact Question naire ) , pain ( McGill-Melzack question naire ; and Visual Analogue Scale ) , pressure algometry ( Wagner FPI10 algometer ) and depression ( Beck Inventory ) . These were carried out before and after a 12-week therapy . RESULTS The mean age of the sample was 55.41 years . The mean period from diagnosis was 13.44 years . The sample consisted mainly of housewives . There were significant differences ( P<.05 ) between groups , in pain ( P<.01 ) , fibromyalgia impact ( P<.01 ) , and depression ( P<.04 ) after the treatment . CONCLUSIONS The biodanza aquatic exercises improve pain and quality of life in fibromyalgia patients The present study has been carried out to investigate the effects of group-based Turkish folkloric dances on physical performance , balance , depression and quality of life ( QoL ) in 40 healthy adult elderly females over the age of 65 years . Subjects were r and omly allocated into Group 1 ( folkloric dance-based exercise ) and Group 2 ( control ) . A 8-week dance-based exercise program was performed . Outcome measures included a 20-m walk test , a 6-min walk test , stair climbing and chair rise time , Berg balance scale ( BBS ) , the Medical Outcomes Study ( MOS ) 36-item short form health survey ( SF-36 ) , and geriatric depression scale ( GDS ) question naires . In Group 1 statistically significant improvements were found in most of the physical performance tests , BBS and some SF-36 subscales after the exercise ( p<0.05 ) . In the Group 2 there was no clinical ly significant change in the variables . Comparing the groups , significant improvements in favor of Group 1 have emerged in most of the functional performance tests , in some of the SF-36 subscales and BBS score ( p<0.05 ) . We achieved improvements in physical performance , balance and QoL in elderly females . Application of folkloric dance specific to countries as an exercise program for elderly people may be helpful OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of a dance-based therapy on depressive symptoms among institutionalized older adults . DESIGN R and omized controlled trial . SETTING Nursing homes . PARTICIPANTS Older adults ( 60 years or older ) permanently living in a nursing home . INTERVENTION Exercise Dance for Seniors ( EXDASE ) Program design ed for the use in long-term care setting s performed once a week for 60 minutes for 3 months . MEASUREMENTS Baseline measures included sociodemographic characteristics , ability to perform basic as well as instrumental activities of daily living , basic mobility , self-rated health , and cognitive status . Outcome measures were collected before and after the intervention and included assessment of depressive symptoms using the geriatric depression scale ( GDS ) . RESULTS Comparison of participants with MMSE of 15 or higher showed that GDS scores in the intervention group significantly improved ( P = .005 ) , whereas the control group had a trend of further worsening of depressive symptoms ( P = .081 ) . GLM analysis documented highly statistically significant effect of dance therapy ( P = .001 ) that was not influenced by controlling for intake of antidepressants and nursing home location . Dance therapy may have decreased depressive symptoms even in participants with MMSE lower than 15 and result ed in more discontinuations and fewer prescriptions of antidepressants in the intervention group than in the control group . CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that dance-based exercise can reduce the amount of depressive symptoms in nursing home residents . In general , this form of exercise seems to be very suitable and beneficial for this population OBJECTIVES The main objectives of this experimental case series were to evaluate the feasibility of a modified dance-based exercise program with low ground impacts in persons with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) functional class III and to describe its effects on locomotor ability . The relationship between 3 locomotor tests and their responsiveness also were addressed . METHODS Ten female subjects participated in an 8-week exercise program .  Locomotor ability was measured before and after the program using the 50-foot test of walking time , the 6-minute test of walking distance , and the  locomotion biomechanical analysis . RESULTS All subjects showed a high compliance ( 92.5 % presence at sessions ) over the 8 weeks of exercise without any aggravation in disease status . They were able to train efficiently at moderate intensity up to 25 minutes . Significant improvements were found in locomotor ability , with a higher responsiveness measured by the locomotion biomechanical analysis , followed by the 6-minute gait test and the 50-foot gait test . Inconsistent relationships between tests suggested that different locomotor abilities are required during tests . CONCLUSION These results support the feasibility of a modified dance-based exercise program for persons with severe RA . With high levels of responsiveness , the detailed biomechanical analysis and the 6-minute gait test are recommended for the assessment of locomotor ability OBJECTIVES To determine whether tango dancing is as effective as mindfulness meditation in reducing symptoms of psychological stress , anxiety and depression , and in promoting well-being . DESIGN This study employed analysis of covariance ( ANCOVA ) and multiple regression analysis . PARTICIPANTS Ninety-seven people with self-declared depression were r and omised into tango dance or mindfulness meditation classes , or to control/waiting-list . SETTING classes were conducted in a venue suitable for both activities in the metropolitan area of Sydney , Australia . INTERVENTIONS Participants completed six-week programmes ( 1½h/week of tango or meditation ) . The outcome measures were assessed at pre-test and post-test . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Depression , Anxiety and Stress Scale ; The Self Esteem Scale ; Satisfaction with Life Scale , and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale . RESULTS Sixty-six participants completed the program and were included in the statistical analysis . Depression levels were significantly reduced in the tango ( effect size d=0.50 , p=.010 ) , and meditation groups ( effect size d=0.54 , p=.025 ) , relative to waiting-list controls . Stress levels were significantly reduced only in the tango group ( effect size d=0.45 , p=.022 ) . Attending tango classes was a significant predictor for the increased levels of mindfulness R(2)=.10 , adjusted R(2)=.07 , F (2,59)=3.42 , p=.039 . CONCLUSION Mindfulness-meditation and tango dance could be effective complementary adjuncts for the treatment of depression and /or inclusion in stress management programmes . Subsequent trials are called to explore the therapeutic mechanisms involved Objective : To compare the effects of traditional dancing with formal exercise training in terms of functional and cardiovascular benefits and motivation in patients with chronic heart failure . Design : R and omized controlled trial . Setting : Sports Medicine Laboratory . Subjects : Fifty-one Greek male patients aged 67.1±5.5 years with chronic heart failure of New York Heart Association ( NYHA ) class II – III , participated in an eight-month study . Interventions : They were r and omly assigned to either training with Greek traditional dances ( group A , n=18 ) , formal exercise training ( group B , n=16 ) or a sedentary control group ( group C , n=17 ) . Main measures : At entry and the end of the study all patients underwent  cardiopulmonary exercise testing , functional ability assessment and quality of life evaluations . The Intrinsic Motivation Inventory was also used to assess participants ’ subjective experience . Results : After training group A showed increased peak oxygen consumption by 33.8 % ( 19.5 vs. 26.1 ml/kg/min , p<0.05 ) and B by 32.3 % ( 19.5 vs. 25.8 ml/kg/min , p<0.05 ) , maximal treadmill tolerance by 48.5 % ( p<0.05 ) and by 46.4 % ( p<0.05 ) , and a decreased Slope of expired minute ventilation for carbon dioxide output ( VE/VCO2 ) slope by 18 % ( p<0.05 ) and 19.5 % ( p<0.05 ) , respectively . Trained patients revealed significant improvement in the quality of life indices . Intrinsic Motivation Inventory was increased only in group A by 26.2 % ( 3.08 vs. 3.87 , p<0.05 ) . Conclusions : Exercise training in chronic heart failure patients with Greek traditional dances led to functional and cardiovascular benefits similar to formal exercise training and to a higher level of motivation 
    Output:
    
agent
To our knowledge this will be the first attempt to systematic ally identify knowledge of dance as a potential intervention for adults with fibromyalgia .
This scoping review offers a feasible means for describing the evidence specific to dance and fibromyalgia ; results will provide unique insights concerning the breadth and depth of literature in the area .
An analysis of this body of literature as a whole may reveal new research directions or unknown ways this intervention could strengthen current management approaches of the disease
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Background —There is evidence that aerobic exercise improves functional capacity in patients with New York Heart Association ( NYHA ) class II and III chronic heart failure . However , it is unknown whether dancing is safe and able to improve functional capacity in patients with chronic heart failure . Methods and Results —We prospect ively studied 130 patients with stable chronic heart failure ( 107 men ; mean age , 59±11 years ) in New York Heart Association class II and III and left ventricle ejection fraction < 40 % . Patients were r and omized to supervised aerobic exercise training at 70 % of peak & OV0312;o2 3 times a week for 8 weeks ( group E , n=44 ) or to a dance protocol of alternate slow ( 5 minutes ) and fast ( 3 minutes ) waltz lasting 21 minutes ( group D , n=44 ) . A group that did not undergo exercise training served as control ( group C , n=42 ) . On study entry and at 8 weeks , all patients underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a cycle ergometer until volitional fatigue , 2D-echo with Doppler , and endothelium-dependent dilation of the brachial artery . Heart rate was 111±15 bpm during exercise training and 113±19 bpm during dancing ( P=0.59 ) . Peak & OV0312;o2 , anaerobic threshold , & OV0312;e/&OV0312;co2 slope , and & OV0312;o2/W slope were all similarly improved in both E and D groups ( + 16 % and 18 % , 20 % and 21 % , 14 % and 15 % , 18 % and 19 % , respectively ; P not significant for all comparisons ; P<0.001 versus controls ) . Endothelium-dependent relaxation was also similarly improved ( group E , from 2.6±1.3 % to 5.2±1.5 % , P<0.001 versus control ; group D , from 2.2±1.4 % to 5.0±1.5 % , P<0.001 versus control for both E and D ) . The change in peak & OV0312;o2 in E and D groups was correlated with changes in peak velocity of early filling wave/peak velocity of late filling ratio ( r=−0.58 , P<0.001 ) and endothelium-dependent dilation ( r=0.64 , P<0.001 ) . Untoward events were rare in both E and D groups . Conclusions —In patients with stable chronic heart failure , waltz dancing is safe and able to improve functional capacity and endothelium-dependent dilation similar to traditional aerobic exercise training . Waltz dancing may be considered in clinical practice in combination with aerobic exercise training or as an alternative to it OBJECTIVE To determine the level of improvement , as regards pain , impact on fibromyalgia and depression , achieved by patients with fibromyalgia by comparing aquatic biodanza and stretching exercises . DESIGN R and omised controlled trial with two intervention groups . LOCATION Five health centres ( Almeria ) . PATIENTS A total of 82 fibromyalgia patients between 18 and 65 years old , diagnosed by American College of Rheumatology criteria , were included , with 12 patients declining to take part in the study . The 70 remaining patients were r and omly assigned to two groups of 35 patients each : aquatic biodanza and stretching exercises .  Those who did not attend in at least 14 sessions or changed their treatment during the studio were excluded . The final sample consisted of 19 patients in aquatic biodanza group and 20 in stretching group . The limitations of the study included , the open evaluation design and a sample size reduced by defaults . MAIN MEASURES The outcome measures were sociodemographic data , quality of life ( Fibromyalgia Impact Question naire ) , pain ( McGill-Melzack question naire ; and Visual Analogue Scale ) , pressure algometry ( Wagner FPI10 algometer ) and depression ( Beck Inventory ) . These were carried out before and after a 12-week therapy . RESULTS The mean age of the sample was 55.41 years . The mean period from diagnosis was 13.44 years . The sample consisted mainly of housewives . There were significant differences ( P<.05 ) between groups , in pain ( P<.01 ) , fibromyalgia impact ( P<.01 ) , and depression ( P<.04 ) after the treatment . CONCLUSIONS The biodanza aquatic exercises improve pain and quality of life in fibromyalgia patients The present study has been carried out to investigate the effects of group-based Turkish folkloric dances on physical performance , balance , depression and quality of life ( QoL ) in 40 healthy adult elderly females over the age of 65 years . Subjects were r and omly allocated into Group 1 ( folkloric dance-based exercise ) and Group 2 ( control ) . A 8-week dance-based exercise program was performed . Outcome measures included a 20-m walk test , a 6-min walk test , stair climbing and chair rise time , Berg balance scale ( BBS ) , the Medical Outcomes Study ( MOS ) 36-item short form health survey ( SF-36 ) , and geriatric depression scale ( GDS ) question naires . In Group 1 statistically significant improvements were found in most of the physical performance tests , BBS and some SF-36 subscales after the exercise ( p<0.05 ) . In the Group 2 there was no clinical ly significant change in the variables . Comparing the groups , significant improvements in favor of Group 1 have emerged in most of the functional performance tests , in some of the SF-36 subscales and BBS score ( p<0.05 ) . We achieved improvements in physical performance , balance and QoL in elderly females . Application of folkloric dance specific to countries as an exercise program for elderly people may be helpful OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of a dance-based therapy on depressive symptoms among institutionalized older adults . DESIGN R and omized controlled trial . SETTING Nursing homes . PARTICIPANTS Older adults ( 60 years or older ) permanently living in a nursing home . INTERVENTION Exercise Dance for Seniors ( EXDASE ) Program design ed for the use in long-term care setting s performed once a week for 60 minutes for 3 months . MEASUREMENTS Baseline measures included sociodemographic characteristics , ability to perform basic as well as instrumental activities of daily living , basic mobility , self-rated health , and cognitive status . Outcome measures were collected before and after the intervention and included assessment of depressive symptoms using the geriatric depression scale ( GDS ) . RESULTS Comparison of participants with MMSE of 15 or higher showed that GDS scores in the intervention group significantly improved ( P = .005 ) , whereas the control group had a trend of further worsening of depressive symptoms ( P = .081 ) . GLM analysis documented highly statistically significant effect of dance therapy ( P = .001 ) that was not influenced by controlling for intake of antidepressants and nursing home location . Dance therapy may have decreased depressive symptoms even in participants with MMSE lower than 15 and result ed in more discontinuations and fewer prescriptions of antidepressants in the intervention group than in the control group . CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that dance-based exercise can reduce the amount of depressive symptoms in nursing home residents . In general , this form of exercise seems to be very suitable and beneficial for this population OBJECTIVES The main objectives of this experimental case series were to evaluate the feasibility of a modified dance-based exercise program with low ground impacts in persons with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) functional class III and to describe its effects on locomotor ability . The relationship between 3 locomotor tests and their responsiveness also were addressed . METHODS Ten female subjects participated in an 8-week exercise program .  Locomotor ability was measured before and after the program using the 50-foot test of walking time , the 6-minute test of walking distance , and the  locomotion biomechanical analysis . RESULTS All subjects showed a high compliance ( 92.5 % presence at sessions ) over the 8 weeks of exercise without any aggravation in disease status . They were able to train efficiently at moderate intensity up to 25 minutes . Significant improvements were found in locomotor ability , with a higher responsiveness measured by the locomotion biomechanical analysis , followed by the 6-minute gait test and the 50-foot gait test . Inconsistent relationships between tests suggested that different locomotor abilities are required during tests . CONCLUSION These results support the feasibility of a modified dance-based exercise program for persons with severe RA . With high levels of responsiveness , the detailed biomechanical analysis and the 6-minute gait test are recommended for the assessment of locomotor ability OBJECTIVES To determine whether tango dancing is as effective as mindfulness meditation in reducing symptoms of psychological stress , anxiety and depression , and in promoting well-being . DESIGN This study employed analysis of covariance ( ANCOVA ) and multiple regression analysis . PARTICIPANTS Ninety-seven people with self-declared depression were r and omised into tango dance or mindfulness meditation classes , or to control/waiting-list . SETTING classes were conducted in a venue suitable for both activities in the metropolitan area of Sydney , Australia . INTERVENTIONS Participants completed six-week programmes ( 1½h/week of tango or meditation ) . The outcome measures were assessed at pre-test and post-test . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Depression , Anxiety and Stress Scale ; The Self Esteem Scale ; Satisfaction with Life Scale , and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale . RESULTS Sixty-six participants completed the program and were included in the statistical analysis . Depression levels were significantly reduced in the tango ( effect size d=0.50 , p=.010 ) , and meditation groups ( effect size d=0.54 , p=.025 ) , relative to waiting-list controls . Stress levels were significantly reduced only in the tango group ( effect size d=0.45 , p=.022 ) . Attending tango classes was a significant predictor for the increased levels of mindfulness R(2)=.10 , adjusted R(2)=.07 , F (2,59)=3.42 , p=.039 . CONCLUSION Mindfulness-meditation and tango dance could be effective complementary adjuncts for the treatment of depression and /or inclusion in stress management programmes . Subsequent trials are called to explore the therapeutic mechanisms involved Objective : To compare the effects of traditional dancing with formal exercise training in terms of functional and cardiovascular benefits and motivation in patients with chronic heart failure . Design : R and omized controlled trial . Setting : Sports Medicine Laboratory . Subjects : Fifty-one Greek male patients aged 67.1±5.5 years with chronic heart failure of New York Heart Association ( NYHA ) class II – III , participated in an eight-month study . Interventions : They were r and omly assigned to either training with Greek traditional dances ( group A , n=18 ) , formal exercise training ( group B , n=16 ) or a sedentary control group ( group C , n=17 ) . Main measures : At entry and the end of the study all patients underwent  cardiopulmonary exercise testing , functional ability assessment and quality of life evaluations . The Intrinsic Motivation Inventory was also used to assess participants ’ subjective experience . Results : After training group A showed increased peak oxygen consumption by 33.8 % ( 19.5 vs. 26.1 ml/kg/min , p<0.05 ) and B by 32.3 % ( 19.5 vs. 25.8 ml/kg/min , p<0.05 ) , maximal treadmill tolerance by 48.5 % ( p<0.05 ) and by 46.4 % ( p<0.05 ) , and a decreased Slope of expired minute ventilation for carbon dioxide output ( VE/VCO2 ) slope by 18 % ( p<0.05 ) and 19.5 % ( p<0.05 ) , respectively . Trained patients revealed significant improvement in the quality of life indices . Intrinsic Motivation Inventory was increased only in group A by 26.2 % ( 3.08 vs. 3.87 , p<0.05 ) . Conclusions : Exercise training in chronic heart failure patients with Greek traditional dances led to functional and cardiovascular benefits similar to formal exercise training and to a higher level of motivation 
    Output:
    