human
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: To comprehend the results of a r and omised controlled trial ( RCT ) , readers must underst and its design , conduct , analysis , and interpretation . That goal can be achieved only through total transparency from authors . Despite several decades of educational efforts , the reporting of RCTs needs improvement . Investigators and editors developed the original CONSORT ( Consoli date d St and ards of Reporting Trials ) statement to help authors improve reporting by use of a checklist and flow diagram . The revised CONSORT statement presented here incorporates new evidence and addresses some criticisms of the original statement . The checklist items pertain to the content of the Title , Abstract , Introduction , Methods , Results , and Discussion . The revised checklist includes 22 items selected because empirical evidence indicates that not reporting this information is associated with biased estimates of treatment effect , or because the information is essential to judge the reliability or relevance of the findings . We intended the flow diagram to depict the passage of participants through an RCT . The revised flow diagram depicts information from four stages of a trial ( enrolment , intervention allocation , follow- up , and analysis ) . The diagram explicitly shows the number of participants , for each intervention group , included in the primary data analysis . Inclusion of these numbers allows the reader to judge whether the authors have done an intention- to-treat analysis . In sum , the CONSORT statement is intended to improve the reporting of an RCT , enabling readers to underst and a trial 's conduct and to assess the validity of its results PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare clinical and radiographic success rates of zinc oxide-eugenol cement ( ZOE ) vs calcium hydroxide/iodoform paste ( Vitapex ) in pulpectomized primary molars at 6 and 12 months . METHODS Fifty-four m and ibular primary molars from 42 children ( average age 5.6 + /- 1.2 years ) that met the inclusion criteria were allocated to either test material via block r and omization . A 1-visit pulpectomy and stainless steel crown was performed by 1 investigator . The clinical and radiographic diagnoses were blindly assessed by another investigator with an intraexaminer reliability of 0.85 to 0.95 ( kappa value ) . RESULTS At 6 and 12 months , the ZOE success rates were 48 % and 85 % , respectively , and the  Vitopex success rates were 78 % and 89 % . The difference in success rates between material s at 6 months was statistically significant , but at 12 months it was not . CONCLUSIONS Vitapex appeared to resolve furcation pathology at a foster rate than zinc oxide-eugenol at 6 months , while at 12 months , both material s yielded similar results Calcium hydroxide , a material widely used for the treatment of permanent teeth has not been used frequently for pulpectomy in primary teeth . A comparative evaluation of calcium hydroxide and zinc oxide eugenol used as  root canal filling material s in primary molars is presented The present study , performed in-vivo , included 30 infected primary teeth in 26 children in the age group of 3 - 8 years . The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of two obturating material s , zinc oxide-eugenol and Maisto 's paste , in infected primary teeth . 30 teeth were divided into two groups of 15 teeth . Teeth in Group I were obturated using zinc oxide-eugenol and those in Group II were obturated using Maisto 's paste . On clinical evaluation , teeth obturated with Maisto 's paste showed 100 % success . Five teeth that were overfilled with Maisto 's paste showed complete resorption of excess material within 3 months while the two teeth overfilled with zinc oxide-eugenol showed incomplete resorption of the excess material even after 9 months . Zinc oxide-eugenol treated cases showed only 26.7 % bone regeneration while in case of Maisto 's paste , it was 93 % . Complete healing of the inter-radicular pathology was seen with Maisto 's paste . However , the pathology was present in 40 % of the zinc oxide-eugenol treated teeth even after 9 months . Maisto 's paste was thus seen to be superior to zinc oxide-eugenol both in clinical as well as radiological evaluation , done over a period of 9 months in relation to bone regeneration , healing of inter-radicular pathology and resorption of excess material PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical and radiographic success of zinc oxide-eugenol ( ZOE ) , Calcicur , Sealapex and Vitapex in primary molar pulpectomies . METHODS 80 primary molars , showing signs of pulpal and /or periapical involvement , with no abnormal mobility , were selected from 76 children aged between 4 - 9 years-old , free from systemic disease . Radiographic evaluation was done to exclude teeth showing internal or pathological external root resorption and /or inadequate bone support . The selected teeth ( 20 in each group ) were r and omly treated with ZOE , Sealapex , Calcicur and Vitapex . The procedure involved primarily a one-visit pulpectomy . The teeth were evaluated clinical ly and radiographically every 2 months for a period of 18 months . RESULTS In the ZOE group , all pulpectomies were successful . In the Sealapex group , two pulpectomies and in the Calcicur group , four pulpectomies showed complete resorption of the material in the root canal . Although re-treatment was performed , those teeth had to be removed due to pathological root resorption . In the Vitapex group , although six pulpectomies showed resorption of the filling material within the canals , this had no effect on the clinical and radiographical success of the treatment Endodontic treatment was performed on 25 pulpally involved m and ibular primary molars in 4 to 9-year-old children ; the root canals were obturated with a new root canal filling material consisting of a mixture of calcium hydroxide , zinc oxide , and 10 % sodium fluoride solution , using h and -operated lentulo-spirals . All cases were evaluated clinical ly every 3 months and also radiographically every 6 months to assess the success of the treatment ; we also examined the resorption of the root canal filling material from the root canals and the status of overpushed material , if any , as the tooth resorbed with the passage of time . At 6 months , endodontic treatment in 2 of the 25 teeth had failed and one tooth had exfoliated ; the remaining 22 teeth were without any signs or symptoms . At the end of 2 years , 14 teeth could be evaluated ; out of these 12 had physiologically exfoliated . It was observed that the rate of resorption of this new root canal obturating mixture was quite similar to the rate of physiologic root resorption in primary teeth . In three cases , where there was an overpush of the mixture , a gradual partial resorption was noted OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to evaluate iodoform base material s for root canal treatment of necrotic primary teeth , and to compare them with traditionally used zinc oxide and eugenol ( ZOE ) . SAMPLE AND METHODS Zinc oxide and eugenol and Vitapex ( a premixed calcium hydroxide and iodoform paste ) were compared for root canal treatment in 52 necrotic primary teeth in two groups of children with a mean age of 5 years and 8.4 months . All the patients were followed-up clinical ly and radiographically 3 months and 10 - 16 months postoperatively . RESULTS The overall success rates of Vitapex and ZOE were 100 % and 78.5 % , respectively . Using Fisher 's Exact Test , the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION Both ZOE and Vitapex gave encouraging results .  Vitapex , however , can be used more safely whenever there is a doubt about the patient 's return for follow-up 
    Output:
    
agent
There seems to be no convincing evidence to support the superiority of any material over ZOE , and both ZOE and IP + Ca appear to be suitable as root canal fillings for deciduous teeth
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: To comprehend the results of a r and omised controlled trial ( RCT ) , readers must underst and its design , conduct , analysis , and interpretation . That goal can be achieved only through total transparency from authors . Despite several decades of educational efforts , the reporting of RCTs needs improvement . Investigators and editors developed the original CONSORT ( Consoli date d St and ards of Reporting Trials ) statement to help authors improve reporting by use of a checklist and flow diagram . The revised CONSORT statement presented here incorporates new evidence and addresses some criticisms of the original statement . The checklist items pertain to the content of the Title , Abstract , Introduction , Methods , Results , and Discussion . The revised checklist includes 22 items selected because empirical evidence indicates that not reporting this information is associated with biased estimates of treatment effect , or because the information is essential to judge the reliability or relevance of the findings . We intended the flow diagram to depict the passage of participants through an RCT . The revised flow diagram depicts information from four stages of a trial ( enrolment , intervention allocation , follow- up , and analysis ) . The diagram explicitly shows the number of participants , for each intervention group , included in the primary data analysis . Inclusion of these numbers allows the reader to judge whether the authors have done an intention- to-treat analysis . In sum , the CONSORT statement is intended to improve the reporting of an RCT , enabling readers to underst and a trial 's conduct and to assess the validity of its results PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare clinical and radiographic success rates of zinc oxide-eugenol cement ( ZOE ) vs calcium hydroxide/iodoform paste ( Vitapex ) in pulpectomized primary molars at 6 and 12 months . METHODS Fifty-four m and ibular primary molars from 42 children ( average age 5.6 + /- 1.2 years ) that met the inclusion criteria were allocated to either test material via block r and omization . A 1-visit pulpectomy and stainless steel crown was performed by 1 investigator . The clinical and radiographic diagnoses were blindly assessed by another investigator with an intraexaminer reliability of 0.85 to 0.95 ( kappa value ) . RESULTS At 6 and 12 months , the ZOE success rates were 48 % and 85 % , respectively , and the  Vitopex success rates were 78 % and 89 % . The difference in success rates between material s at 6 months was statistically significant , but at 12 months it was not . CONCLUSIONS Vitapex appeared to resolve furcation pathology at a foster rate than zinc oxide-eugenol at 6 months , while at 12 months , both material s yielded similar results Calcium hydroxide , a material widely used for the treatment of permanent teeth has not been used frequently for pulpectomy in primary teeth . A comparative evaluation of calcium hydroxide and zinc oxide eugenol used as  root canal filling material s in primary molars is presented The present study , performed in-vivo , included 30 infected primary teeth in 26 children in the age group of 3 - 8 years . The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of two obturating material s , zinc oxide-eugenol and Maisto 's paste , in infected primary teeth . 30 teeth were divided into two groups of 15 teeth . Teeth in Group I were obturated using zinc oxide-eugenol and those in Group II were obturated using Maisto 's paste . On clinical evaluation , teeth obturated with Maisto 's paste showed 100 % success . Five teeth that were overfilled with Maisto 's paste showed complete resorption of excess material within 3 months while the two teeth overfilled with zinc oxide-eugenol showed incomplete resorption of the excess material even after 9 months . Zinc oxide-eugenol treated cases showed only 26.7 % bone regeneration while in case of Maisto 's paste , it was 93 % . Complete healing of the inter-radicular pathology was seen with Maisto 's paste . However , the pathology was present in 40 % of the zinc oxide-eugenol treated teeth even after 9 months . Maisto 's paste was thus seen to be superior to zinc oxide-eugenol both in clinical as well as radiological evaluation , done over a period of 9 months in relation to bone regeneration , healing of inter-radicular pathology and resorption of excess material PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical and radiographic success of zinc oxide-eugenol ( ZOE ) , Calcicur , Sealapex and Vitapex in primary molar pulpectomies . METHODS 80 primary molars , showing signs of pulpal and /or periapical involvement , with no abnormal mobility , were selected from 76 children aged between 4 - 9 years-old , free from systemic disease . Radiographic evaluation was done to exclude teeth showing internal or pathological external root resorption and /or inadequate bone support . The selected teeth ( 20 in each group ) were r and omly treated with ZOE , Sealapex , Calcicur and Vitapex . The procedure involved primarily a one-visit pulpectomy . The teeth were evaluated clinical ly and radiographically every 2 months for a period of 18 months . RESULTS In the ZOE group , all pulpectomies were successful . In the Sealapex group , two pulpectomies and in the Calcicur group , four pulpectomies showed complete resorption of the material in the root canal . Although re-treatment was performed , those teeth had to be removed due to pathological root resorption . In the Vitapex group , although six pulpectomies showed resorption of the filling material within the canals , this had no effect on the clinical and radiographical success of the treatment Endodontic treatment was performed on 25 pulpally involved m and ibular primary molars in 4 to 9-year-old children ; the root canals were obturated with a new root canal filling material consisting of a mixture of calcium hydroxide , zinc oxide , and 10 % sodium fluoride solution , using h and -operated lentulo-spirals . All cases were evaluated clinical ly every 3 months and also radiographically every 6 months to assess the success of the treatment ; we also examined the resorption of the root canal filling material from the root canals and the status of overpushed material , if any , as the tooth resorbed with the passage of time . At 6 months , endodontic treatment in 2 of the 25 teeth had failed and one tooth had exfoliated ; the remaining 22 teeth were without any signs or symptoms . At the end of 2 years , 14 teeth could be evaluated ; out of these 12 had physiologically exfoliated . It was observed that the rate of resorption of this new root canal obturating mixture was quite similar to the rate of physiologic root resorption in primary teeth . In three cases , where there was an overpush of the mixture , a gradual partial resorption was noted OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to evaluate iodoform base material s for root canal treatment of necrotic primary teeth , and to compare them with traditionally used zinc oxide and eugenol ( ZOE ) . SAMPLE AND METHODS Zinc oxide and eugenol and Vitapex ( a premixed calcium hydroxide and iodoform paste ) were compared for root canal treatment in 52 necrotic primary teeth in two groups of children with a mean age of 5 years and 8.4 months . All the patients were followed-up clinical ly and radiographically 3 months and 10 - 16 months postoperatively . RESULTS The overall success rates of Vitapex and ZOE were 100 % and 78.5 % , respectively . Using Fisher 's Exact Test , the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION Both ZOE and Vitapex gave encouraging results .  Vitapex , however , can be used more safely whenever there is a doubt about the patient 's return for follow-up 
    Output:
    