human
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: OBJECTIVE This study evaluated colour stability , hardness and roughness of soft denture liners after immersion in various cleansers . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Thirty specimens ( 14 mm × 4 mm ) of Elite Soft Relining ( ES ) and Mucopren Soft ( MS )  were r and omly immersed in distilled water at 37 ° C , sodium hypochlorite 1 % , and an experimental Ricinus communis solution ( RC ) for 7 , 15 and 183 continuous days . RESULTS anova ( p < 0.05 ) and Tukey 's test indicated that after T7 ( μ = 8.79 ± 7.36 ) ; T15 ( μ = 4.23 ± 2.62 ) and T183 ( μ = 8.78 ± 3.16 ) , MS presented a higher increase in hardness than ES . After T7 , MS underwent an increase in roughness ( μ = 0.09 ± 0.80 ) ; ES underwent a decrease ( μ = -0.08 ± 0.16 ) . RC caused the smallest variation in roughness . After T15 , both material s presented an increase in roughness . After T183 , ES ( μ = -0.30 ± 0.48 ) presented a higher roughness variation than MS ( μ = -0.07 ± 0.32 ) . Hypochlorite caused an increase in roughness ( μ = 0.02 ± 0.19 ) . CONCLUSION After all periods ES presented higher colour alteration than MS ; highest colour alteration was caused by hypochlorite . Both material s were more stable after immersion in RC PURPOSE This r and omized clinical trial assessed how surface roughness ( Ra ) in resilient liners was affected by soft tissue health conditions and time-related aspects in patients with complete dentures . METHODS Specimens of acrylic resin ( control ) and denture liners ( silicone-based or acrylic resin-based ) were inserted into the dentures of patients with and without denture stomatitis ( n = 30 ) .  Ra was evaluated before denture insertion and after 7 , 14 , and 21 days of prosthesis wearing . Data were analyzed using three-way analysis of variance and Student-Newman-Keuls test . RESULTS Patients with stomatitis showed a higher Ra ( P < .001 ) , while all liners presented rougher surfaces after 14 days of clinical service , irrespective of the soft tissue health condition . CONCLUSION Ra of the tested denture liners was increased in patients with denture stomatitis . It is presumed that a longer wearing period will result in rougher surfaces OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical performance of four denture soft liners up to 12 months . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Thirty-three edentulous patients who experienced difficulties when using hard denture bases because of changes in denture-supporting tissues were accepted for the study and r and omly received Molloplast B , GC Reline Soft , Silagum Comfort , or Mollosil Plus relines . Performance of the material s was evaluated using nine criteria at 3 , 6 , and 12 months : physical integrity , surface detail , adhesion , color , odor , plaque accumulation , resilience , hygiene , and mucosal condition . A four-point categorized scale ( 1=poor , 2=fair , 3=good , 4=excellent ) was used . Unscheduled maintenance events and the presence of fungal colonization were also recorded . RESULTS The percentage of patients available at 3 , 6 , and 12 months were 91 % , 91 % , and 66 % . Main reasons for dropouts and discontinuation were fractured dentures and patient dissatisfaction . At 6 months , 96 % of the performance scores were good or excellent and the largest changes were observed for physical integrity , surface detail , color , and fungal colonization . Fungal colonization was the most commonly observed problem and was the only reason of failure at 12 months . CONCLUSIONS The clinical performance of all soft liners was slightly impaired over the 12-month observation . Except for cases showing extensive fungal colonization , the observed changes in clinical performance did not necessitate remaking of the dentures . Mollosil Plus showed a performance comparable to that of Molloplast B , and the other material s had slightly lower performance especially in terms of fungal colonization OBJECTIVES This r and omised clinical trial assessed how biofilm development and composition is affected by time and denture material type in denture wearers with and without denture stomatitis . METHODS Specimens of acrylic resin ( control ) and denture liners ( silicone-based or acrylic resin based , depending on the experimental phase ) were inserted into the surface intaglio of 30 denture wearers . Biofilm was formed in two phases of 21 days , and counts of viable micro-organisms in the accumulating biofilm were determined after 7 , 14 and 21 days of biofilm formation . Data were analysed by three-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test to assess differences among health condition ( healthy or with denture stomatitis ) , material s and time point . RESULTS Non-albicans C and ida species counts were higher in diseased patients with silicone-based denture liners ( p=0.01 ) . Denture stomatitis patients showed higher mutans streptococci counts after 7 days ( p=0.0041 ) . CONCLUSIONS Longer biofilm formation time periods did not result in differences on biofilm composition . The denture liners evaluated in this study accumulate greater amount of biofilm , and therefore their use should be carefully planned . CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The silicone-based denture liner tested should be used cautiously in patients with denture stomatitis as it showed increased non-albicans species counts , known to be difficult to treat 
    Output:
    
agent
Conclusion Adhesion to the prosthesis base is improved with surface treatments .
Rough surfaces and changes in hardness compromise the material 's serviceability
***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: OBJECTIVE This study evaluated colour stability , hardness and roughness of soft denture liners after immersion in various cleansers . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Thirty specimens ( 14 mm × 4 mm ) of Elite Soft Relining ( ES ) and Mucopren Soft ( MS )  were r and omly immersed in distilled water at 37 ° C , sodium hypochlorite 1 % , and an experimental Ricinus communis solution ( RC ) for 7 , 15 and 183 continuous days . RESULTS anova ( p < 0.05 ) and Tukey 's test indicated that after T7 ( μ = 8.79 ± 7.36 ) ; T15 ( μ = 4.23 ± 2.62 ) and T183 ( μ = 8.78 ± 3.16 ) , MS presented a higher increase in hardness than ES . After T7 , MS underwent an increase in roughness ( μ = 0.09 ± 0.80 ) ; ES underwent a decrease ( μ = -0.08 ± 0.16 ) . RC caused the smallest variation in roughness . After T15 , both material s presented an increase in roughness . After T183 , ES ( μ = -0.30 ± 0.48 ) presented a higher roughness variation than MS ( μ = -0.07 ± 0.32 ) . Hypochlorite caused an increase in roughness ( μ = 0.02 ± 0.19 ) . CONCLUSION After all periods ES presented higher colour alteration than MS ; highest colour alteration was caused by hypochlorite . Both material s were more stable after immersion in RC PURPOSE This r and omized clinical trial assessed how surface roughness ( Ra ) in resilient liners was affected by soft tissue health conditions and time-related aspects in patients with complete dentures . METHODS Specimens of acrylic resin ( control ) and denture liners ( silicone-based or acrylic resin-based ) were inserted into the dentures of patients with and without denture stomatitis ( n = 30 ) .  Ra was evaluated before denture insertion and after 7 , 14 , and 21 days of prosthesis wearing . Data were analyzed using three-way analysis of variance and Student-Newman-Keuls test . RESULTS Patients with stomatitis showed a higher Ra ( P < .001 ) , while all liners presented rougher surfaces after 14 days of clinical service , irrespective of the soft tissue health condition . CONCLUSION Ra of the tested denture liners was increased in patients with denture stomatitis . It is presumed that a longer wearing period will result in rougher surfaces OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical performance of four denture soft liners up to 12 months . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Thirty-three edentulous patients who experienced difficulties when using hard denture bases because of changes in denture-supporting tissues were accepted for the study and r and omly received Molloplast B , GC Reline Soft , Silagum Comfort , or Mollosil Plus relines . Performance of the material s was evaluated using nine criteria at 3 , 6 , and 12 months : physical integrity , surface detail , adhesion , color , odor , plaque accumulation , resilience , hygiene , and mucosal condition . A four-point categorized scale ( 1=poor , 2=fair , 3=good , 4=excellent ) was used . Unscheduled maintenance events and the presence of fungal colonization were also recorded . RESULTS The percentage of patients available at 3 , 6 , and 12 months were 91 % , 91 % , and 66 % . Main reasons for dropouts and discontinuation were fractured dentures and patient dissatisfaction . At 6 months , 96 % of the performance scores were good or excellent and the largest changes were observed for physical integrity , surface detail , color , and fungal colonization . Fungal colonization was the most commonly observed problem and was the only reason of failure at 12 months . CONCLUSIONS The clinical performance of all soft liners was slightly impaired over the 12-month observation . Except for cases showing extensive fungal colonization , the observed changes in clinical performance did not necessitate remaking of the dentures . Mollosil Plus showed a performance comparable to that of Molloplast B , and the other material s had slightly lower performance especially in terms of fungal colonization OBJECTIVES This r and omised clinical trial assessed how biofilm development and composition is affected by time and denture material type in denture wearers with and without denture stomatitis . METHODS Specimens of acrylic resin ( control ) and denture liners ( silicone-based or acrylic resin based , depending on the experimental phase ) were inserted into the surface intaglio of 30 denture wearers . Biofilm was formed in two phases of 21 days , and counts of viable micro-organisms in the accumulating biofilm were determined after 7 , 14 and 21 days of biofilm formation . Data were analysed by three-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test to assess differences among health condition ( healthy or with denture stomatitis ) , material s and time point . RESULTS Non-albicans C and ida species counts were higher in diseased patients with silicone-based denture liners ( p=0.01 ) . Denture stomatitis patients showed higher mutans streptococci counts after 7 days ( p=0.0041 ) . CONCLUSIONS Longer biofilm formation time periods did not result in differences on biofilm composition . The denture liners evaluated in this study accumulate greater amount of biofilm , and therefore their use should be carefully planned . CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The silicone-based denture liner tested should be used cautiously in patients with denture stomatitis as it showed increased non-albicans species counts , known to be difficult to treat 
    Output:
    