***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: BACKGROUND The mechanisms of paraneoplastic thrombocytosis in ovarian cancer and the role that platelets play in abetting cancer growth are unclear . METHODS We analyzed clinical data on 619 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer to test associations between platelet counts and disease outcome . Human sample s and mouse models of epithelial ovarian cancer were used to explore the underlying mechanisms of paraneoplastic thrombocytosis . The effects of platelets on tumor growth and angiogenesis were ascertained . RESULTS Thrombocytosis was significantly associated with advanced disease and shortened survival . Plasma levels of thrombopoietin and interleukin-6 were significantly elevated in patients who had thrombocytosis as compared with those who did not . In mouse models , increased hepatic thrombopoietin synthesis in response to tumor-derived interleukin-6 was an underlying mechanism of paraneoplastic thrombocytosis . Tumor-derived interleukin-6 and hepatic thrombopoietin were also linked to thrombocytosis in patients . Silencing thrombopoietin and interleukin-6 abrogated thrombocytosis in tumor-bearing mice . Anti-interleukin-6 antibody treatment significantly reduced platelet counts in tumor-bearing mice and in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer . In addition , neutralizing interleukin-6 significantly enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel in mouse models of epithelial ovarian cancer . The use of an antiplatelet antibody to halve platelet counts in tumor-bearing mice significantly reduced tumor growth and angiogenesis . CONCLUSIONS These findings support the existence of a paracrine circuit wherein increased production of thrombopoietic cytokines in tumor and host tissue leads to paraneoplastic thrombocytosis , which fuels tumor growth . We speculate that countering paraneoplastic thrombocytosis either directly or indirectly by targeting these cytokines may have therapeutic potential . ( Funded by the National Cancer Institute and others . ) OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of thrombocytosis and its possible impact on survival probability among women with locally advanced cervical carcinoma . METHODS The data base of 294 patients with Stages IIB-IVA cervical carcinoma without periaortic node metastasis who were treated with st and ardized radiation therapy and concurrent hydroxyurea or misonidazole was analyzed . Pretreatment platelet counts were available for 291 patients who are the subject of this study . RESULTS Thrombocytosis ( platelet count > 400 x 10(9)/liter ) was present in 86 ( 29.6 % ) of the 291 patients . A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that patients without extrapelvic disease and with thrombocytosis had a 55 % greater chance of dying than those without thrombocytosis ( relative risk = 1.55 , 95 % confidence interval 1.08 - 2.21 ) . Patients with thrombocytosis had larger tumors and more frequently had bilateral parametrial involvement , tumor fixation to the sidewall , and positive pelvic lymph nodes than patients without thrombocytosis . Thrombocytosis was not found to be a prognostic factor in patients with positive pelvic nodes . However , in patients with negative pelvic nodes , the presence or absence of thrombocytosis was related to survival . CONCLUSION Thrombocytosis is a frequent finding among patients with advanced cervical carcinoma and seems to be related to tumor burden . Among patients with locally advanced cervical carcinoma who had negative pelvic nodes , those with thrombocytosis had a poorer survival 
    Output:
    
Pretreatment thrombocytosis is an independent prognosis predictor in cervical cancer patients .