***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Background Approximately one-third of community-dwelling older adults fall each year , and approximately 10 % have falls requiring medical services . Among other factors , research studies have linked certain medications with an increased risk of falls . Objective The aim of this study was to examine the risk of falls relative to use patterns among new and continuing falls-related drug ( FRD ) users . Methods A 10 % r and om sample , insured in AARP ® Medicare Supplement and AARP Medicare Part D Rx plans , was utilized to define new and continuing FRD users . New users had a 12-month pre-period without FRD use , whereas continuing users had at least one FRD in the pre-period . Both groups had 12-month follow-up after initiating or continuing FRD use . Characteristics associated with the risk of falls for new and continuing users were determined using multivariate logistic regression models . Results Among insureds , 44 % used at least one of the FRD classes . Of these , 29 % were new users ( N = 35,340 ) and 71 % were continuing users ( N = 121,488 ) . Fall rates for the two subgroups were similar at 7 and 8 % , respectively . Characteristics associated with the risk of falls were previous injurious fall , use of two or more classes of FRDs , older age , poorer health , and being female . New users were at higher risk than continuing users . Conclusion New users of FRDs  were at highest risk of falls , and continuing users were at increased risk , especially with higher numbers of FRD classes . Both groups could benefit from falls awareness and prevention programs BACKGROUND Insomnia is the most common of all sleep complaints and is under- research ed . The current treatments of choice are conventional hypnotics agents , but these have potential for serious adverse reactions . Uncontrolled and anecdotal evidence suggests that lavender oil is an effective treatment for insomnia , but this has not been formally investigated . OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to evaluate the proposed trial methodology and the efficacy of Lav and ula augustifolia ( lavender ) on insomnia . INTERVENTIONS INTERVENTIONS consisted of Lav and ula augustifolia ( treatment ) and sweet almond oil as placebo/control . The aroma was supplied via an Aromastream device ( Tisser and Aromatherapy , Sussex , UK ) . DESIGN This was a pilot study with r and omized , single-blind , cross-over design ( baseline , two treatment periods , and a washout period , each of 1 week duration ) . SUBJECTS AND SETTING Volunteers with defined insomnia treated on a domiciliary basis participated in the study . OUTCOME MEASURES Outcomes were assessed with the following : Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( PSQI ) indicating insomnia ( score > 5 at entry ) ; Borkovec and Nau ( B&N ) Question naire evaluating treatment credibility ; and Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Question naire ( HCAMQ ) assessing attitudes to CAM and health beliefs . RESULTS Ten ( 10 ) volunteers ( 5 male and 5 female ) were entered and completed the 4 week study . Lavender created an improvement of -2.5 points in PSQI ( p = 0.07 , 95 % CI - 4.95 to - 0.4 ) . Each intervention was equally credible and belief in CAM did not predict outcome . Women and younger volunteers with a milder insomnia  improved more than others . No period or carry-over effect was observed . CONCLUSION The methodology for this pilot study appeared to be appropriate . Outcomes favor lavender , and a larger trial is required to draw definitive conclusions Background In recent years , the number of prescriptions for sedative drugs has increased significantly , as has their long-term use . Moreover , sedative use is frequently initiated during hospital stays . Objectives This study aim ed to describe new prescriptions of sedative drugs during hospital stays and evaluate their maintenance as discharge medication . Methods This observational prospect i ve study took place in an internal medicine ward of a Swiss hospital over a period of 3 months in 2014 . Demographic ( age , sex , diagnosis , comorbidities ) and medication data [ long-term use of sedative drugs , new regular or pro re nata ( ‘ as needed ’ ) prescriptions of sedative drugs , drug-related problems ] were collected . Sedative medications included : benzodiazepines , Z-drugs , antihistamines , antidepressants , neuroleptics , herbal drugs , and clomethiazole . McNemar ’s test was used for comparison . Results Of 290 patients included , 212 ( 73 % ) were over 65 years old and 169 ( 58 % ) were women ; 34 % ( n = 98 ) were using sedative drugs long term before their hospital stay , and 44 % ( n = 128 ) had a prescription  for sedative drugs  at discharge — a 10 % increase ( p < 0.05 ) .  Sedative drugs  were newly prescribed to 37 % ( n = 108 ) of patients during their stay . Among these , 37 % ( n = 40 ) received a repeat prescription at discharge . Over half of the sedative drugs were prescribed within 24 h of admission . Drug-related problems were detected in 76 % of new prescriptions , of which 90 % were drug – drug interactions . Conclusion This study showed that hospital stays increased the proportion of patients who were prescribed a sedative drug  at discharge by 10 % ( absolute increase ) . These prescriptions may generate long-term use and expose patients to drug-related problems . Promoting alternative approaches for managing insomnia are recommended This study was performed to investigate the anxiolytic efficacy of silexan , a new oral lavender oil capsule preparation , in comparison to placebo in primary care . In 27 general and psychiatric practice s 221 adults suffering from anxiety disorder not otherwise specified ( Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders – IV 300.00 or International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems , Tenth revision F41.9 ) were r and omized to 80 mg/day of a defined , orally administered preparation from Lav and ula species or placebo for 10 weeks with visits every 2 weeks . A Hamilton Anxiety Scale ( HAMA ) total score ≥18 and a total score > 5 for the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( PSQI ) were required . The primary outcome measures were HAMA and PSQI total score decrease between baseline and week 10 . Secondary efficacy measures included the Clinical Global Impressions scale , the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale , and the SF–36 Health Survey Question naire . Patients treated with silexan showed a total score decrease by 16.0±8.3 points ( mean±SD , 59.3 % ) for the HAMA and by 5.5±4.4 points ( 44.7 % ) for the PSQI compared to 9.5±9.1 ( 35.4 % ) and 3.8±4.1 points ( 30.9 % ) in the placebo group ( P<0.01 one-sided , intention to treat ) . Silexan was superior to placebo regarding the percentage of responders ( 76.9 vs. 49.1 % , P<0.001 ) and remitters ( 60.6 vs. 42.6 % , P=0.009 ) . Lav and ula oil preparation had a significant beneficial influence on quality and duration of sleep and improved general mental and physical health without causing any unwanted sedative or other drug specific effects . Lav and ula oil preparation silexan is both efficacious and safe for the relief of anxiety disorder not otherwise specified . It has a clinical ly meaningful anxiolytic effect and alleviates anxiety related disturbed sleep 
    Output:
    
Conclusions : A comprehensive search of the literature uncovered no evidence related to the effectiveness of Silexan compared to inhaled lavender essential oil aromatherapy for sleep latency , sleep duration , sleep quality , disturbed sleep or anxiety in adult patients .