***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: This column presents preliminary findings of an intervention to support shared decision making in psychopharmacology consultation . The waiting area in an urban psychiatric medication clinic was transformed into a peer-run Decision Support Center featuring a user-friendly , Internet-based software program with which clients could create a one-page computer-generated report for use in the medication consultation . The Decision Support Center was used 662 times by 189 unique users from a young-adult and general adult case management team from October 2006 to September 2007 . All clients had severe mental disorders . Only ten clients refused to use the intervention at some point during the pilot study . Focus groups with medical staff ( N=4 ) , clients ( N=16 ) , case managers ( N=14 ) , and peer-specialist staff ( N=3 ) reported that the intervention helped to create efficiencies in the consultation and empower clients to become more involved in treatment-related decision making . A r and omized controlled trial is currently in process BACKGROUND Patient-clinician communication is central to mental healthcare but neglected in research . AIMS To test a new computer-mediated intervention structuring patient-clinician dialogue ( DIALOG ) focusing on patients ' quality of life and needs for care . METHOD In a cluster r and omised controlled trial , 134 keyworkers in six countries were allocated to DIALOG  or  treatment as usual ; 507 people with schizophrenia or related disorders were included . Every 2 months for 1 year , clinicians asked patients to rate satisfaction with quality of life and treatment , and request additional or different support . Responses were fed back immediately in screen displays , compared with previous ratings and discussed . Primary outcome was subjective quality of life , and secondary outcomes were unmet needs and treatment satisfaction . RESULTS Of 507 patients , 56 were lost to follow-up and 451 were included in intention-to-treat analyses . Patients receiving the DIALOG intervention had better subjective quality of life , fewer unmet needs and higher treatment satisfaction after 12 months . CONCLUSIONS Structuring patient-clinician dialogue to focus on patients ' views positively influenced quality of life , needs for care and treatment satisfaction Nonadherence to medication is a widespread problem in schizophrenia and is associated with poor clinical outcomes and inappropriate management and utilization of re sources . The aim of the current investigation was to assess the impact of telemonitoring of medication adherence on symptomatology and service use in patients with schizophrenia . A total of 108 schizophrenia patients were r and omized into three equal groups according to the approaches used to assess medication adherence ; self-report , pill counting , and telemonitoring . Telementoring was achieved through an innovative new platform called @HOME . This platform offers clinicians early warnings about impeding nonadherence as well as information about the pattern of medication taking . Patient 's adherence was observed over an 8-week period , during which patient 's clinical status and service use were recorded . In comparison to the other two groups , patients using @HOME showed improvement in the Global Clinical Impression Scale and a significant reduction in emergency visits and medical appointments . The @HOME platform was highly acceptable by patients , caregivers , and professionals , and required minimal training for implementation . The results of the study suggest that the use of telemonitoring in psychiatric setting s was both feasible and acceptable and may be associated with significant clinical and service related benefits Results are reported from a project thatinvolved design , production , and feasibility testing ofthe use of a multimedia computer program to : 1 ) educateMH consumers about psychiatric advance directives ( ADs ) , and 2 ) assist them in creating ADs . Thefeasibility results , based on a r and om sample of 60adults meeting criteria for having a serious and persistent mental illness , were positive . Sixty-fivepercent of the sample were able to complete their ADs . Educational level , presence of a learning disability , and minority-group membership , but not diagnosis , wererelated to completion rates . The results dispel several popular myths about psychiatricADs Purpose The aim of this study was to estimate the effectiveness of patient education methods on quality of life and functional impairment of patients with schizophrenia . Methods A multicentre , r and omized controlled trial was carried out in two psychiatric hospitals in Finl and from March 2005 to October 2007 . A total of 311 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia , schizotypal disorder or delusional disorder were r and omly allocated to computer-based patient education ( n = 100 ) , conventional education with st and ard leaflets ( n = 106 ) and st and ard treatment ( n = 105 ) . Participants were followed up 12 months later . Primary outcome was quality of life ( Q-LES-Q-SF ) and secondary outcome was functional disability ( SDS ) . Analysis was performed by intention-to-treat . This study is registered , number IS RCT N74919979 . Results Patients ’ global quality of life improved and functional disability decreased significantly in all education groups over the follow-up time . There were no significant differences between groups in these outcomes . Conclusions In light of the findings there is no evidence to support a particular education method as the best way to improve patients ’ quality of life or improve functional ability . On the other h and , no intervention was found to be harmful . Thus computer-based patient education may be a suitable alternative for some patients . While information technology will be more widely used in societies , computer-based intervention may be beneficial for some patients with serious mental disorders OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of a telehealth psychoeducation intervention for persons with schizophrenia and their family members . STUDY DESIGN R and omized controlled trial . PARTICIPANTS 30 persons with schizophrenia and 21 family members or other informal support persons . INTERVENTIONS Web-based psychoeducation program that provided online group therapy and education . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Measures for persons with schizophrenia included perceived stress and perceived social support ; for family members , they included disease-related distress and perceived social support . RESULTS At 3 months , participants with schizophrenia in the intervention group reported lower perceived stress ( p = .04 ) and showed a trend for a higher perceived level of social support ( p = .06 ) . CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate the feasibility and impact of providing telehealth-based psychosocial treatments , including online therapy groups , to persons with schizophrenia and their families OBJECTIVE This study examined the use of a uniquely design ed Web site and home computers to deliver online multifamily psychoeducational therapy to persons with schizophrenia and their informal supports ( family and friends ) . Web site usage and outcome benefits are reported . METHODS Thirty-one persons with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 24 support persons were r and omly assigned to the online intervention ( telehealth ) or treatment as usual ( usual care ) condition . At three , six , and 12 months , interviewer-administered assessment s were conducted with participants . Intention-to-treat analyses compared persons with schizophrenia in the two study conditions on severity of positive symptoms and knowledge of schizophrenia . Support persons in the two study conditions were compared on knowledge of schizophrenia . Each participant 's usage of the Web site was logged . RESULTS Persons with schizophrenia in the telehealth condition had a large and significant reduction in positive symptoms ( p=.042 , d=-.88 ) and a large and significant increase in knowledge of schizophrenia compared with their counterparts in the usual care condition . Support persons in the telehealth condition showed a large and significant increase in knowledge about prognosis compared with those in the usual care condition ( p=.036 , d=1.94 ) . Persons with schizophrenia used the Web site to a much greater extent ( pages viewed and time spent ) than support persons . CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that online delivery of psychotherapeutic treatment and educational re sources to consumers ' homes has considerable potential to improve consumer well-being and offers several advantages over st and ard clinic-based delivery models Deprivation of liberty ( DL ) in psychiatric inpatient care is common worldwide . As liberty is a central element of patients ’ rights , there is a need to develop most effective methods supporting patients ’ personal liberty . The article presents initial results from a study to determine the effectiveness of an information technology (IT)-based patient education programme on patients ’ experiences of being deprived of their liberty during their in-hospital stay . An overall sample of 311 patients with schizophrenia spectrum psychosis was r and omized into three groups : an intervention group with needs-based computerized patient education , a patient education group with conventional education and a control group with st and ard care . Data on the general experience of DL were collected at baseline and during the patient discharge process . In general , all patients experienced less DL at the time of their discharge . The change in patients ’ experiences of their DL did not differ statistically between the three groups . Male patients in the st and ard care group were significantly more likely to drop out of the study than female patients . Although technology-based patient education was not found to be superior to other approaches , we did not find any reason to inhibit its utilization in patient care among persons with severe mental health problems . From the healthcare organizations ’ perspective , a cost-effectiveness analysis is needed , as the IT education was slightly more time-consuming OBJECTIVE : To test the feasibility of creating a valid and reliable checklist with the following features : appropriate for assessing both r and omised and non-r and omised studies ; provision of both an overall score for study quality and a profile of scores not only for the quality of reporting , internal validity ( bias and confounding ) and power , but also for external validity . DESIGN : A pilot version was first developed , based on epidemiological principles , review s , and existing checklists for r and omised studies . Face and content validity were assessed by three experienced review ers and reliability was determined using two raters assessing 10 r and omised and 10 non-r and omised studies . Using different raters , the checklist was revised and tested for internal consistency ( Kuder-Richardson 20 ) , test-retest and inter-rater reliability ( Spearman correlation coefficient and sign rank test ; kappa statistics ) , criterion validity , and respondent burden . MAIN RESULTS : The performance of the checklist improved considerably after revision of a pilot version . The Quality Index had high internal consistency ( KR-20 : 0.89 ) as did the subscales apart from external validity ( KR-20 : 0.54 ) . Test-retest ( r 0.88 ) and inter-rater ( r 0.75 ) reliability of the Quality Index were good . Reliability of the subscales varied from good ( bias ) to poor ( external validity ) . The Quality Index correlated highly with an existing , established instrument for assessing r and omised studies ( r 0.90 ) . There was little difference between its performance with non-r and omised and with r and omised studies . Raters took about 20 minutes to assess each paper ( range 10 to 45 minutes ) . CONCLUSIONS : This study has shown that it is feasible to develop a checklist that can be used to assess the method ological quality not only of r and omised controlled trials but also non-r and omised studies . It has also shown that it is possible to produce a checklist that provides a profile of the paper , alerting review ers to its particular method ological strengths and weaknesses . Further work is required to improve the checklist and the training of raters in the assessment of external validity BACKGROUND AND AIMS Many people with schizophrenia have severe cognitive impairments that hamper their activities . The effect of pharmacological and behavioural interventions on cognitive functioning has been demonstrated , but even after successful intervention considerable impairments can remain . Therefore , we sought for alternative ways to help patients cope with the effects of their cognitive impairments . In the present study , we have evaluated the efficacy of short message service ( SMS ) text messages to compensate for the effects of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia in daily life . DESIGN A waiting list controlled trial was conducted : patients were quasi-r and omly assigned to an A-B-A ( baseline-intervention-follow-up ) condition or an A-A-B-A condition that included an additional 7-week waiting list . The waiting list was included to control for the effect of time on relevant outcome . METHOD Sixty-two people with schizophrenia or related psychotic disorders were included in the study . All patients showed impaired goal -directed behaviour in daily life-situations . Patients were prompted with SMS text messages to improve their everyday functioning . The primary outcome measure was the percentage of goals achieved . RESULTS The overall percentage of goals achieved increased with prompting , while performance dropped to baseline level after withdrawing the prompts . Keeping appointments with mental health workers and carrying out leisure activities increased with prompting , while medication adherence and attendance at training sessions remained unchanged . A majority of the patients enjoyed receiving the SMS text messages . DISCUSSION Prompting can significantly improve achievement of a number of relevant goals . For other goals , combining prompting with interventions that enhance motivation seems indicated Utilisation of information technology ( IT ) in the treatment of people with severe mental health problems is an unknown area in Europe . Use of IT and guiding patients to relevant sources of health information requires that nursing staff have positive attitudes toward computers and accept IT use as a part of daily practises . The aim of the study was to assess the effects of the implementation of a web-based patient support system on staff 's attitudes towards computers and IT use on psychiatric wards . Hundred and forty-nine nurses in two psychiatric hospitals in Finl and were r and omised to two groups to deliver patient education for patients with schizophrenia and psychosis with a web-based system ( n = 76 ) or leaflets ( n = 73 ) . After baseline nurses were followed-up for 18 months after the introduction of the system . The primary outcome was nurses ' motivation to utilise computers , and the secondary outcomes were nurses ' beliefs in and satisfaction with computers , and use of computer and internet . There were no statistically significant differences between study groups in attitudes towards computers ( motivation p = 0.93 
    Output:
    
CONCLUSIONS People with psychotic disorders were able and willing to use e-mental health services .
Results suggest that e-mental health services are at least as effective as usual care or nontechnological approaches .
Larger effects were found for medication management e-mental health services .