***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: The role of folic acid ( 5mg/day ) in combination with oral hygiene measures ( group II ) vis-a-vis oral hygiene measures alone ( group I ) in prevention of phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth was investigated in a one-year follow-up study on sixty , 8 - 13-year-old epileptic children receiving phenytoin .  The allocation of the children to the two groups was done alternately . In these children , at baseline , plaque ( Silness & Löe ) , gingivitis ( Löe & Silness ) and probing depths of gingival sulcus were recorded . These parameters were re-evaluated at 3-monthly intervals when gingival overgrowth was also recorded ( Modified Harris & Ewalt Index ) . It was seen that , after a period of one year , gingival overgrowth occurred in 60 and 50 percent children of groups I & II respectively and its development , too , was delayed in group II . More cases ( 93 percent ) in group II exhibited minimal overgrowth as against 78 percent in group I. The study concluded that systemic folic acid prescribed along with phenytoin delays the onset and reduces the incidence and severity of gingival overgrowth induced by phenytoin Summary Fifty-four out- patients with epilepsy who had been taking phenytoin for more than one year were examined for gingival hyperplasia . Approximately 76 % of patients showed either mild or no gingival hyperplasia . Lesion severity was then compared statistically to phenytoin dosage and drug concentrations as well as to other clinical and laboratory parameters . There was a tendency for gingival hypertrophy to be associated with both increasing dosage of phenytoin per unit of body weight and the duration of phenytoin administration . All patients followed had a statistically significant progressive trend to increasing gingival hyperplasia with higher total and free phenytoin concentration BACKGROUND More than 30 percent of patients with epilepsy have inadequate control of seizures with drug therapy , but why this happens and whether it can be predicted are unknown . We studied the response to antiepileptic drugs in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy to identify factors associated with subsequent poor control of seizures . METHODS We prospect ively studied 525 patients ( age , 9 to 93 years ) who were given a diagnosis , treated , and followed up at a single center between 1984 and 1997 . Epilepsy was classified as idiopathic ( with a presumed genetic basis ) , symptomatic ( result ing from a structural abnormality ) , or cryptogenic ( result ing from an unknown underlying cause ) . Patients were considered to be seizure-free if they had not had any seizures for at least one year . RESULTS Among the 525 patients , 333 ( 63 percent ) remained seizure-free during antiepileptic-drug treatment or after treatment was stopped . The prevalence of persistent seizures was higher in patients with symptomatic or cryptogenic epilepsy than in those with idiopathic epilepsy ( 40 percent vs. 26 percent , P=0.004 ) and in patients who had had more than 20 seizures before starting treatment than in those who had had fewer ( 51 percent vs. 29 percent , P<0.001 ) . The seizure-free rate was similar in patients who were treated with a single established drug ( 67 percent ) and patients who were treated with a single new drug ( 69 percent ) . Among 470 previously untreated patients , 222 ( 47 percent ) became seizure-free during treatment with their first antiepileptic drug and 67 ( 14 percent ) became seizure-free during treatment with a second or third drug . In 12 patients ( 3 percent ) epilepsy was controlled by treatment with two drugs . Among patients who had no response to the first drug , the percentage who subsequently became seizure-free was smaller ( 11 percent ) when treatment failure was due to lack of efficacy than when it was due to intolerable side effects ( 41 percent ) or an idiosyncratic reaction ( 55 percent ) . CONCLUSIONS Patients who have many seizures before therapy or who have an inadequate response to initial treatment with antiepileptic drugs are likely to have refractory epilepsy 
    Output:
    
Although several studies examined the effects of PHT on oral health , none have studied those of the newer generation of AEDs .