***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: OBJECTIVE To compare the safety and efficacy of 1 % SDZ ASM 981 cream and a matching placebo cream in the treatment of patients with moderate atopic dermatitis . DESIGN A r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , right- and -left comparison study . SETTING Academic referral center . PATIENTS Thirty-four adult patients with moderate atopic dermatitis . INTERVENTION Topical 1 % SDZ ASM 981 cream was applied twice daily ( n=16 ) or once daily ( n=18 ) and compared with a corresponding placebo cream base . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Efficacy was measured using a 4-point ( 0 - 3 ) scale for erythema , pruritus , exudation , excoriation , and lichenification ( Atopic Dermatitis Severity Index [ ADSI ] ) . The ADSI score was defined as the sum of these 5 ratings ( range , 0 - 15 ) and was determined on the pretreatment day ( 1 to 14 days before day 0 ) and on days 0 , 2 , 4 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 14 , 16 , 18 , and 21 . The percentage change from baseline ( day 0 ) in the ADSI score was calculated on each of these days . Safety was evaluated by monitoring of adverse events , physical examination , hematologic examination , clinical chemistry studies , urinalysis , and measurement of blood levels of SDZ ASM 981 . RESULTS Of the 38 patients recruited , 34 started and 28 completed treatment according to the protocol . Sixteen patients used the cream twice daily , with significant improvement after 2 days of treatment . Within 3 weeks of topical therapy with 1 % SDZ ASM 981 cream twice daily , a mean reduction of 71.9 % in the ADSI score was observed at the actively treated test sites compared with a mean reduction of 10.3 % at the placebo-treated test sites ( P<.001 ) . Efficacy was significantly less in the group treated once daily ( n=18 ) , with mean reductions of 37.7 % and 6.2 % , respectively . The efficacy was especially apparent for pruritus and excoriation . There were no clinical ly relevant drug-related adverse effects . CONCLUSIONS Treatment with 1 % SDZ ASM 981 cream was well tolerated . Twice-daily application of 1 % SDZ ASM 981 cream was significantly more effective than use of the corresponding placebo and more effective than once-daily treatment . The new macrolactam ascomycin derivative SDZ ASM 981 is a promising agent for the treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis . More elaborate phase 2 and 3 trials are under way to fully investigate the potential of this medication OBJECTIVE To develop a simple , valid , repeatable , and readily underst and able patient-oriented assessment measure for monitoring disease activity in children and adults with atopic eczema . DESIGN Qualitative semistructured patient interviews identified a list of symptoms of atopic eczema . These symptoms were quantitatively analyzed in a larger patient population to identify which symptoms were important to patients and amenable to monitoring as part of a scoring system . SETTING The outpatient Department of Dermatology at the Queen 's Medical Centre , University Hospital , Nottingham , Engl and , and 5 local general practice s. PATIENTS Four hundred thirty-five patients with atopic eczema . RESULTS Seven symptoms were incorporated into the final patient-oriented eczema measure using a simple 5-point scale of frequency of occurrence during the previous week , with a maximum total score of 28 . Validity testing against the Dermatology Life Quality Index , Children 's Dermatology Life Quality Index , and patients ' global severity assessment s showed good correlation ( r = 0.78 , r = 0.73 , and r = 0.81 , respectively ; P<.001 ) . Internal consistency was high ( Cronbach alpha = 0.88 ) , and test-retest reliability was good , with 95 % of scores falling within 2.6 points on repeat testing ( mean score difference , 0.04 ; SD , 1.32 ) . Individual variables in the measure demonstrated sensitivity to change during a 4-week in-clinic period and an 18-week r and omized controlled clinical trial . CONCLUSION The patient-oriented eczema measure is a practical self-assessed measurement tool for monitoring aspects of atopic eczema that are important to patients in routine clinical practice or in the clinical trial setting BACKGROUND Reports on controlled trials on the efficacy and tolerability of sulfonated shale oils in atopic eczema are not available so far . The aim of this study was to investigate whether topically applied , specially prepared pale sulfonated shale oil ( PSSO ) cream is capable of improving symptoms/signs of mild to moderate atopic eczema in children more efficaciously than a corresponding vehicle cream . PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 99 children suffering from mild to moderate atopic eczema were enrolled in this multicentre , r and omized , vehicle-controlled study . Verum or vehicle cream was applied to the affected skin area three times a day over 4 weeks . As the primary outcome parameter served the reduction of the total score after 4 weeks of treatment , compared with the initial examination . Secondary outcome parameters were addressed as well . Tolerability was judged by investigators and patients /parents , and adverse events were documented . RESULTS After 4 weeks of treatment , the total score declined from 13.4 ± 3.7 to 4.5 ± 7.4 score points in the verum group and from 13.0 ± 3.1 to 11.7 ± 8.6 score points in the vehicle group ( P < 0.0001 ) . The superiority of verum regarding total score was already apparent after a treatment period of 1 week ( reduction by 5.6 ± 4.3 vs. 1.3 ± 5.9 score points ; P < 0.0001 ) . Tolerability was found superior at the end of the treatment in the verum when compared with the control group -- both by investigators ( P < 0.0001 ) and patients /parents ( P = 0.0051 ) . CONCLUSION Pale sulfonated shale oil cream 4 % is capable to treat mild to moderate atopic eczema in children more efficaciously than vehicle and is well tolerated . PSSO thus represents a valuable addition to our therapeutic armamentarium . PSSO should be considered in particular when valid alternatives for topical glucocorticoids are sought for Background Massive duplication of effort occurs when research ers all over the world undertake extensive search es for r and omized controlled trials when preparing systematic review s , when developing evidence -based guidelines and when applying for research funding for eczema treatments . Such duplication wastes valuable re sources . Search ing for r and omized controlled trials of eczema is a laborious task involving scrutiny of thous and s of individual references from diverse electronic data bases in order to obtain a few papers of interest . Clinicians and patients who wish to find out more about a particular treatment are at risk of missing the relevant evidence if they are not trained in electronic bibliographic search ing . Systematic review s can not be relied upon to comprehensively inform current optimal eczema treatments due to incomplete coverage and because many may be out of date .An international , publically available and comprehensive re source which brings together all r and omized controlled trials on eczema treatment using a highly sensitive search has the potential to release more filtered knowledge about patient care to those who need it most and to significantly shorten the duration and costs of many clinical eczema research and guideline projects . DescriptionThe G lobal R e source of E czemA T rials brings together information on all r and omized controlled trials of eczema treatments published from the beginning of 2000 up to the end of 2010 and will be up date d every month . We search ed the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in The Cochrane Library and the Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register , MEDLINE , EMBASE , LILACS , AMED and CINHAL data bases . We included 268 RCTs ( 24th March 2011 ) covering over 70 different treatment interventions .The structure of the Global Re source of Eczema Trials allows the user as much , or as little , specificity when retrieving information on trials as they wish , in an easy to use format . For each trial , the data base gives the citation for the published report and also provides enough information to enable a user to decide whether the trial is worth further scrutiny . Conclusions The Global Re source of Eczema Trials has been created to facilitate knowledge mobilization into healthcare and to reduce wastage of research time through unnecessary duplication . The collective time saved by research groups around the world can now be used to make strides in optimising the treatment of eczema , in order to further benefit people with eczema . The data base can be accessed free of charge at http://www.great data Background Eczema ( syn . Atopic Eczema or Atopic Dermatitis ) is a chronic , relapsing , itchy skin condition which probably results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors . The Global Re source of EczemA Trials ( GREAT ) is a collection of records of r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) for eczema treatment produced from a highly sensitive search of six reference data bases . We sought to assess the sensitivity of the GREAT data base as a tool to save future research ers repeating extensive bibliographic search es . Methods All Cochrane systematic review on treatments for eczema and five non-Cochrane systematic review s on eczema were identified as a reference set to assess the utility of the GREAT data base in identifying r and omised controlled trials ( RCTs ) . RCTs included in the systematic review s were checked for inclusion in the GREAT data base by two independent authors . A third author resolved any disagreements . Results Five Cochrane and six non-Cochrane systematic review s containing a total of 105 RCTs of eczema treatments were included . Of these , 95 fitted the inclusion criteria for the GREAT data base and 88 were published from 2000 onwards . Of the 88 eligible studies , 92 % were found in the GREAT data base . Seven trials were not included in the GREAT data base - two of these were reported within a review paper and one as an abstract with no trial results . Conclusions The sensitivity of the GREAT data base for trials from 2000 onwards was high ( 75/88 trials , 94 % ) . Sensitivity for the period prior to 2000 was less sensitive , due to differences in how the trials were identified prior to this time.‘Dual ’ filtering for new records has recently become part of the GREAT data base methodology and should further improve the sensitivity of the data base in time . The GREAT data base can be considered as a primary source for future systematic review s including r and omised controlled trials of eczema treatments , but search es should be supplemented by checking reference lists for eligible trials , search ing trial registries and contacting pharmaceutical companies for unpublished studies Background : Hempseed oil is a rich and balanced source of omega‐6 and omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs ) . Anecdotal evidence indicated that dietary hempseed oil might be useful in treating symptoms of atopic dermatitis . Patients and methods : Dietary hempseed oil and olive oil were compared in a 20‐week r and omized , single‐blind crossover study with atopic patients . Fatty acid profiles were measured in plasma triglyceride , cholesteryl and phospholipid fractions . A patient question naire provided additional information on skin dryness , itchiness and usage of dermal medications . Skin transepidermal water loss ( TEWL ) was also measured . Results : Levels of both essential fatty acids ( EFAs ) , linoleic acid ( 18:2n6 ) and alpha‐linolenic acid ( 18:3n3 ) , and gamma‐linolenic acid ( GLA ; 18:3n6 ) increased in all lipid fractions after hempseed oil , with no significant increases of arachidonic acid ( 20:4n6 ) in any lipid fractions after either oil . Intra‐group TEWL values decreased ( p = 0.074 ) , qualities of both skin dryness and itchiness improved ( p = 0.027 ) and dermal medication usage decreased ( p = 0.024 ) after hempseed oil intervention . Conclusions : Dietary hempseed oil caused significant changes in plasma fatty acid profiles and improved clinical symptoms of atopic dermatitis . It is suggested that these improvements result ed from the balanced and abundant supply of PUFAs in this hempseed oil BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis is a chronic , relapsing condition affecting up to 14 % of the population in Western countries . Topical corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment . Triamcinolone acetonide , a corticoid of intermediate potency , has proven useful in the treatment of atopic dermatitis . AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of a triamcinolone acetonide-laurocapram combination in the treatment of atopic dermatitis . METHODS One hundred and fifty patients were enrolled in a three-arm , parallel group , controlled clinical trial evaluating the effectiveness of a triamcinolone acetonide ( 0.05 % ) and laurocapram combination , applied twice daily for 2 weeks , in the treatment of atopic dermatitis . Fifty patients received triamcinolone acetonide-laurocapram ( TNX ) , 50 triamcinolone acetonide ( TN ) , and 50 a vehicle control formulation ( AN ) . Response to treatment was evaluated by change in disease severity at 6 h , at 3 , 8 , and 15 days after the start of treatment , and by the global change in disease status . RESULTS TNX effected a significantly higher degree of 
    Output:
    
This systematic review demonstrates that symptoms , most frequently itch and sleep loss , are commonly reported in AE treatment trials , but are measured using many different instruments .