***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
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    Input: The object of this study was to compare the biological outcome ( oocyte maturity , fertilization , cleavage ) and the clinical outcome after a ' long ' ( 15 - 24 days ) and a ' long-long ' ( 25 - 40 days ) protocol of GnRH-agonist administration for intracytoplasmic sperm injection . Group A consisted of 51 patients with a 15 - 24-day down regulation period and Group B consisted of 35 patients with a 25 - 40-day down regulation period , all of which entered ICSI due to severe male factor infertility .  Duration and amount of gonadotropin stimulation , serum E2 on the day of hCG administration , number of oocytes retrieved , oocyte maturity , fertilization rate , cleavage rate and pregnancy outcome were comparable for the two groups of patients . Therefore , a flexible period of pituitary desensitization can be employed , allowing us to simplify planning for patients and for the medical staff without affecting the outcome of the trial Introduction The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of half-dose , long-acting GnRH analogue ( Diphereline ) with Suprefact in IVF/ICSI ( in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection ) cycles . Material and methods In this r and omized clinical trial performed in Royan Institute , 126 infertile women who were first time c and i date s for IVF/ICSI were enrolled . Patients were r and omly divided into two groups by using a r and om number table . In one group , 62 patients received a single half dose , 1.87 mg Diphereline , in mid-luteal phase . In the other group , 64 cases were treated with buserelin from the previous mid-luteal phase . P value less than 0.05 was considered significant . Results The mean age of patients in the Diphereline and Suprefact groups was 27.9 ±3.6 and 29.6 ±3.5 years , respectively ( p = 0.01 ) . In the Diphereline group , the mean number of used gonadotropins was 25.6 ±12.1 ampoules , while in the second group it was 25.9 ±8.5 ampoules . Numbers of retrieved and MII oocytes were significantly higher in the Diphereline group ( 12.1 ±6.3 and 9.6 ±5.5 ) in comparison to the Suprefact group ( 9.4 ±6.4 and 7.2 ±5.1 ) . Although the number of developed embryos in the Diphereline group was statistically higher than in the Suprefact group ( 6.1 ±3.9 vs. 4.7 ±3.4 , p = 0.04 ) there was no significant difference in pregnancy rate ( 37.1 % , 95 % CI [ 26.16 - 49.54 ] vs. 37.5 % , 95 % CI [ 26.67 - 49.75 ] ) . Conclusions A half-dose , long-acting GnRH agonist can be successfully used in ovarian stimulation and produces a higher number of MII oocytes and embryos . The pregnancy rates with this method are acceptable BACKGROUND The evidence underpinning the timing of an oocyte collection in  IVF or ICSI  is limited . The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the follicle diameter size of the dominant follicle on ongoing pregnancy rates . METHODS We conducted a r and omized controlled trial , including women aged between 18 and 43 years who were scheduled for GnRH agonist down-regulated IVF/ICSI treatment in four assisted conception units . Women were r and omized between timing oocyte collection when the leading follicle had a diameter of 22 mm or when the leading follicle had a diameter of 18 mm . The primary end-point was ongoing pregnancy , defined as a viable pregnancy at 12 weeks of gestation . RESULTS The trial had major problems with recruiting patients and after the planned 2 years of recruiting only half of the aim ed 400 inclusion s were obtained . We allocated 97 women to the 22-mm group and 93 women to the 18-mm group . In the 22-mm group more women reached an ongoing pregnancy ( 37 of 97 women , 38 % ) compared with the 18-mm group ( 22 of 93 women , 24 % ) result ing in a relative risk of 1.6 [ 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) : 1.03 - 2.5 ] . In a logistic regression analysis , the timing of oocyte collection , adjusted for female age , IVF/ICSI and centre , was still associated with ongoing pregnancy , although the association was no longer statistically significant ( OR : 2.0 ; 95 % CI : 0.96 - 4.2 ) CONCLUSIONS : This study suggests that delaying the timing of oocyte collection in IVF or ICSI results in better ongoing pregnancy rates , however , larger studies have to be performed to prove or refute these findings . TRIAL REGISTRATION IS RCT N24724622 BACKGROUND Partial pituitary desensitization using gonadotrophin-releasing hormone ( GnRH ) agonists may be sufficient in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for assisted reproduction . However , the minimal effective agonist dose remains to be determined . The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a reduced daily dose of triptorelin , administered at the start of ovarian stimulation , on the results of IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection . METHODS A total of 132 patients was r and omized in two groups . Pituitary desensitization was obtained in group 1 ( 66 patients ) with a single 3.75 mg injection ( i.m . ) of triptorelin . In group 2 , 66 patients received 100 microg triptorelin daily , which was then reduced to 50 microg at the start of follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH ) stimulation . RESULTS No significant differences were found in terms of pregnancy rate per transfer ( 38 % in group 1 versus 34.9 % in group 2 ) , implantation rate ( 20.2 versus 18 % ) and abortion rate ( 8.3 versus 9.1 % ) . The number of FSH ampoules used , as well as the number of days stimulation required , was significantly reduced in group 2 ( 41 + /- 26 versus 46.6 + /- 25.3 , P < 0.03 and 11 + /- 1.3 versus 11.8 + /- 1.5 , P < 0.002 respectively ) . No significant differences were seen in oestradiol concentrations and in follicle number , in the quantity of oocytes collected and fertilized , or in the number of embryos obtained or transferred . CONCLUSION A reduced dose of triptorelin is enough for pituitary suppression during ovarian stimulation but provides no significant improvement in IVF cycle outcome when compared with depot formulation . The possibility of a shorter treatment protocol requiring lower amounts of gonadotrophins should be considered in view of its economic advantage OBJECTIVE To compare the long and short protocol s of gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist ( GnRH-a ) administration for ovarian stimulation . SETTING University hospital . SUBJECTS 90 patients on their first attempt at in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer ( IVF-ET ) . METHOD The results of two stimulation protocol s were compared with respect to number of follicles greater than 17 mm , peak serum estradiol level , number of oocytes retrieved and fertilized , fertilization rate per oocyte , number of embryos transferred , and pregnancy rate per initiated cycle . RESULTS The number of follicles greater than 17 mm and the peak estradiol level were significantly ( P < .05 ) higher in the long protocol than those in the short protocol . The number of oocytes retrieved and fertilized , the number of embryos transferred , and the pregnancy rate per initiated cycle were also significantly ( P < .001 ) higher in the long protocol than those in the short protocol . The fertilization rates per oocyte retrieved did not differ significantly between groups . CONCLUSION The long protocol of gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist administration for ovarian stimulation in IVF-ET may be the preferred method when GnRH-a is used A r and omized prospect i ve study was undertaken to compare low and st and ard luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist ( LHRHa ) dosage used in combination with gonadotrophins in ovarian stimulation for in-vitro fertilization ( IVF ) . A total of 42 ovulatory patients with mechanical infertility were administered 0.5 mg/day LHRHa ( Decapeptyl ) from day 21 of their cycles for 14 days . Following down-regulation , patients were r and omly allocated to continue with the same dose of LHRHa ( 22 patients , group A ) or to receive a lower dose of 0.1 mg/day LHRHa ( 20 patients , group B ) during folliculogenesis . Luteal phase was supported by daily i.m . progesterone ( 50 mg ) injections and human chorionic gonadotrophin ( HCG ; 1500 IU ) every 4 days . Ovarian response , human menopausal gonadotrophin ( HMG ) dosage used for induction of ovulation , evidence of premature luteinization , and clinical and laboratory IVF outcome , were compared between groups A and B. The two groups were comparable in respect of : age ( 32.6 + /- 0.7 and 33.0 + /- 0.9 years ) , HMG dosage ( 33.0 + /- 1.6 and 36.0 + /- 2.5 ampoules ) , day of HCG ( 11.2 + /- 0.3 and 12.2 + /- 0.4 ) , oocytes/patient ( 13.3 + /- 1.0 and 12.9 + /- 1.3 ) , fertilization rate ( 68.5 and 65.2 % ) , cleavage rate ( 95 % for both ) , pregnancy/embryo transfer ( 32 and 35 % ) and implantation rate ( 10.8 and 10.5 % ) , for groups A and B respectively . There was no evidence of premature luteinization or luteolysis in either group . It was concluded that lowering the dose of LHRHa to 0.1 mg/day during folliculogenesis had no adverse effect on ovarian response or clinical results . However , it had no advantage in reducing the HMG dose used for ovulation induction Background : Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone ( GnRH ) agonist is used for controlling ovarian stimulation in assisted reproductive technology ( ART ) cycles which has some benefits . Objective : To compare the efficacy of two different formulations of GnRH agonist : short-acting and long-acting , for ART protocol s. Material s and Methods : In a prospect i ve r and omized study , one hundred women who underwent ART cycles were r and omly divided into two groups . In group I , the patients received one single injection of 1.87 mg Triptorelin in previous mid-luteal phase . In group II , Decapeptyl 0.1 mg per day started from previous mid-luteal phase . Pregnancy outcome in in vitro fertilization ( IVF ) cycle was compared between two groups . Results : There were no statistically significant differences in the number of retrieved oocyte ( p=0.545 ) , fertilization ( p=0.876 ) , implantation ( p=0.716 ) and pregnancy rate ( p=0.727 ) between the two groups . Conclusion : There were not any advantages in IVF outcome between half-dose long-acting and short-acting GnRH agonist groups in ART cycle In a prospect i ve , controlled , r and omized study where two different agonists were used , we compared three different long desensitization protocol s for induction of multiple follicular growth in medically assisted conception cycles . In protocol A , 30 patients were injected with buserelin twice a day for 15 days prior to ovarian stimulation until human chorionic gonadotrophin ( HCG ) administration . In protocol B , 30 patients were injected with a single dose of long acting Triptorelin ( 3.75 mg ) 15 days before the ovarian stimulation onset . In protocol C , 30 patients were injected with the long acting Triptorelin 4 weeks before ovarian stimulation followed by daily administration of 0.1 mg of the same agonist until HCG injection . There was no difference in the ovarian response to exogenous gonadotrophin stimulation , except for the presence of premature luteinization in two patients in group B. A significantly higher number of mature oocytes was collected from patients with protocol A ; however , the fertilization and cleavage rate demonstrated no significant difference among the three groups of patients . The ongoing pregnancy rate and the implantation rate per treatment cycle were very similar in the three study groups . When the convenience , cost and side-effects for the patient are being considered , protocol B should be selected as the first choice when the agonist is utilized for the purpose of inducing pituitary desensitization before and during ovarian stimulation OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of two early cessation protocol s of triptorelin treatment in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with the conventional long protocol in in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection . DESIGN A double-blind , r and omized , multicenter study . SETTING Three Dutch hospitals . PATIENT(S ) One hundred seventy 
    Output:
    
When long GnRHa protocol s and short GnRHa protocol s were compared , we found no conclusive evidence of a difference in live birth and ongoing pregnancy rates , but there was moderate quality evidence of higher clinical pregnancy rates in the long protocol group .
None of the other analyses showed any evidence of a difference in birth or pregnancy outcomes between the protocol s compared .
There was insufficient evidence to make any conclusions regarding adverse effects