***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: AIM The aim of the present prospect i ve study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of implants placed simultaneously with guided bone regeneration ( GBR ) using resorbable and non-resorbable membranes . MATERIAL S AND METHODS The original study population consisted of 72 patients receiving a total of 265 implants . In all GBR-treated sites , demineralized bovine bone mineral ( DBBM ) was used in combination either with a collagen ( CM ) or an Exp and ed polytetrafluoroethylene ( e-PTFE ) membrane . A total of 112 implants was treated with CM , 41 implants were treated with e-PTFE membranes , and 112 served as a control group because implants were entirely surrounded by bone and did not need any GBR procedures . Clinical and radiographic analyses were performed after a period of 12 - 14 years . RESULTS The median follow-up time was 12.5 years ( range 12 - 14 years ) . A total of 58 patients participated in the present investigation , corresponding to 80.5 % of the original study population . The cumulative implant survival rate at the follow-up examination was 93.2 % . For the control group the cumulative survival rate was 94.6 % , for the CM 91.9 % , and for the e-PTFE 92.6 % . Differences among the groups were not statistically significant . The radiographically determined marginal bone level ( MBL ) amounted to : control 2.36 mm ( SD ) , CM 2.4 mm ( SD ) , e-PTFE 2.53 mm ( SD ) . There is no evidence ( P < 0.2 ) that the slope of bone level over time is different for the three treatment groups . CONCLUSION It is concluded that implants placed simultaneously with GBR procedures using resorbable or non-resorbable membranes reveal a high survival rate ranging from 91.9 % to 92.6 % , therefore it is considered to be a safe and predictable therapy . [ Correction added after online publication 30 November 2012 : the marginal bone level of CM , e-PTFE , and control was corrected to ' control 2.36 mm ( SD ) , CM 2.4 mm ( SD ) , e-PTFE 2.53 mm ( SD ) ' in the Results section ] BACKGROUND Two systematic review s have evaluated the quality of research and reporting of observational studies investigating the prevalence of , the incidence of and the risk factors for peri-implant diseases and of experimental clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of preventive and therapeutic interventions . MATERIAL S AND METHODS For the improvement of the quality of reporting for both observational and experimental studies , the STROBE and the Modified CONSORT recommendations were encouraged . RESULTS To improve the quality of research in peri-implant diseases , the following were recommended : the use of unequivocal case definitions ; the expression of outcomes at the subject rather than the implant level ; the implementation of study validation tools ; the reporting of potential sources of bias ; and the use of appropriate statistical methods . CONCLUSIONS In observational studies , case definitions for peri-implantitis were agreed . For risk factor determination , the progressive use of cross-sectional and case-control studies ( univariate analyses ) , to prospect i ve cohorts ( multilevel modelling for confounding ) , and ultimately to intervention studies were recommended . For preventive and interventional studies of peri-implant disease management , parallel arm RCTs of at least 6-months were encouraged . For studies of non-surgical and surgical management of peri-implantitis , the use of a composite therapeutic end point was advocated . The development of st and ard control therapies was deemed essential PURPOSE The aim of the present r and omized controlled clinical study was to test whether small bony dehiscence defects ( ≤5 mm ) left to heal spontaneously result in the same clinical and radiological outcome as defects treated with guided bone regeneration ( GBR ) . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Twenty-two patients who received at least one implant with a small bony dehiscence defect were enrolled in the study . If the defect height was ≤5 mm , the site was r and omly assigned to either the spontaneous healing ( SH ) group or the GBR group . In the SH group , the defect was left without any treatment . In the GBR group , the defects around the implants were grafted with deproteinized bovine bone mineral ( DBBM ) and covered with a native collagen membrane .  Clinical and radiographic measurements were performed 6 months after implant placement with a reentry surgery and at the time of crown insertion and the subsequent follow-up appointments at 3 , 6 , 12 and 18 months after loading . For statistical analyses , the mixed linear model was applied for the clinical and radiographic measurements observed around the implants . Simple comparisons of the location of the measurements in the two independent groups are performed with the Mann-Whitney U-test . In addition , the mixed model assumptions were checked . RESULTS The implant and crown survival rate 18 months after loading was 100 % , revealing no serious biologic or prosthetic complication . The mean changes of the buccal vertical bone height between implant placement and reentry surgery after 6 months revealed a small bone loss of -0.17 ± 1.79 mm ( minimum -4 mm and maximum 2.5 mm ) for the SH group and a bone gain of 1.79 ± 2.24 mm ( minimum of -2.5 mm and maximum of 5 mm ) for the GBR group , respectively ( P = 0.017 ) . Radiographic measurements demonstrated a slight bone loss of -0.39 ± 0.49 mm for the SH group and a stable bone level of 0.02 ± 0.48 mm for GBR group after 18 months . All peri-implant soft tissue parameters revealed healthy tissues with no difference between the two groups . CONCLUSION Small bony dehiscence defects left for spontaneous healing demonstrated high implant survival rates with healthy and stable soft tissues . However , they revealed more vertical bone loss at the buccal aspect 6 months after implant insertion and also more marginal bone loss between crown insertion and 18 months after loading compared to sites treated with GBR OBJECTIVES The aim of this r and omized controlled trial was to assess the 10-year effects of three different augmentation techniques ( augmentation with chin bone , augmentation with chin bone plus a membrane and augmentation with a bone substitute plus a membrane ) for implant-supported restorations in the maxillary aesthetic region regarding clinical and radiographic parameters , and patient-centred outcomes . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Ninety-three patients requesting single tooth replacement and presenting with a horizontal bone deficiency were included . After augmentation , 93 implants were placed . Clinical variables , st and ardized radiographs and photographs and patient question naires were analysed to assess the impact of the various augmentation techniques 1 month ( T1 ) , 12 months ( T12 ) and 120 months ( T120 ) after final crown placement . RESULTS 10-years implant survival was 95.7 % and did not differ between the groups neither were significant differences observed in the other treatment outcomes assessed . Peri-implant bone loss was low , viz . 0.48 ± 1.19 mm ( mesial ) and 0.30 ± 1.24 mm ( distal ) at T120 . Loss of midbuccal marginal gingival level at T120 was 0.32 ± 0.83 mm . Mean overall satisfaction at T120 was 8.6 with 98.6 % of the patients satisfied . CONCLUSIONS Clinical , radiographic , aesthetic and patient centred outcomes were very favourable after 10 years and did not differ between the groups with different bone augmentation techniques OBJECTIVE The aim of this r and omized-controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the long-term outcome of implants placed in bone augmented with a xenogenic bone substitute material and a collagen membrane with or without the addition of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 ( rhBMP-2 ) . MATERIAL AND METHODS Eleven patients received a total of 34 implants placed into sites exhibiting lateral bone defects . In a split mouth design , the defects were r and omly treated with the graft material and the collagen membrane either with ( test ) or without ( control ) rhBMP-2 . The patients were examined 3 and 5 years after insertion of the prosthetic restoration . Student 's paired t-test was performed to detect differences between the two groups . RESULTS The survival rate at 3 and 5 years was 100 % for both groups . The peri-implant soft tissues were stable and healthy without any difference between the two groups . The prosthetic reevaluation demonstrated four loose prosthetic screws during the first 3 years and seven ceramic chippings after 3 and 5 years . The mean distance between the first bone to implant contact to implant abutment junction at 3 years was 1.37 mm ( test ) , 1.22 mm ( control ) , and 1.38 mm ( test ) , and 1.23 mm ( control ) at 5 years . The difference of < 0.2 mm between test and control implants was not statistically significant . The mean change of the marginal bone level between baseline and 5 years ranged from -0.07 mm ( mesial , test ) , -0.11 mm ( distal , test ) , -0.03 mm ( mesial , control ) , to + 0.13 mm ( distal , control ) . No statistically significant differences were observed between test and control sites . CONCLUSION Implants placed in bone augmented with and without rhBMP-2 revealed excellent clinical and radiological outcomes after 3 and 5 years OBJECTIVES To assess the clinical outcomes of simultaneous guided bone regeneration using native ( CM ) and cross-linked ( VN ) collagen membranes at 8 years . MATERIAL S AND METHODS A total of n = 19 patients ( 19 implants ) were available for the analysis . Each subject had received a simultaneous grafting of dehiscence-type defects using a natural bone mineral ( NBM ) and a r and om allocation to either CM and VN membranes ( submerged healing of 4 months ) . Clinical parameters ( e.g. , bleeding on probing - BOP , probing pocket depth - PD , mucosal recession - MR , clinical attachment level - CAL ) were recorded at 8 years after prosthesis installation . RESULTS At 8 years , CM and VN groups revealed comparable median BOP , PD , MR and CAL values at both vestibular and oral aspects . From 4 to 8 years ( n = 14 patients ) , median CAL at the vestibular aspect improved in both groups ; however , these changes were significantly higher at CM-treated sites ( CM : 0.7 mm vs. VN : 0.5 mm ) . CONCLUSION The clinical long-term outcomes at 8 years were comparable in both VN and CM groups PURPOSE The aim of this r and omized clinical trial was to compare the potential of deproteinized bovine bone added to autologous bone or corticocancellous allograft block with or without the addition of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB ( rhPDGF-BB ) to regenerate m and ibular atrophic ridges . MATERIAL S AND METHODS TRIAL DESIGN parallel , allocation ratio of 1:1 using a split-mouth model . Eligibility criteria for patients : adult patients ; bilateral atrophic edentulous areas in the posterior area of the m and ible ; a preoperatory cone beam computed tomography scan ; and absence of systemic diseases affecting the bone metabolism .  Bone graft intervention for control group consisted of bone chips collected with a scraper mixed with deproteinized bovine bone covered with a resorbable membrane . Bone graft intervention for test group consisted of a corticocancellous allograft block , shaped before surgery , and protected with a collagen membrane . In addition , both groups received rhPDGF-BB or a saline solution as control . As primary outcome quantity , bone variation after a 1-year healing period was considered . A p-value of.05 was considered statistically significant . RESULTS Sixteen patients were enrolled in this trial . A total of 50 implants and 32 bone grafts were placed . All patients concluded the study ( no dropouts ) . Change at 1 year in bone volume was not significantly different between the two groups ( p-value = .25 ) . Effect of treatment in terms of change in bone volume at 1 year was not significant ( p-value = .89 ) when saline solution was used while was at limit of significance when rhPDGF-BB was used ( p-value = .052 ) . After 1 year , all the implants were successfully integrated . CONCLUSIONS The block allograft and the st and ard regenerative procedure showed similar results in terms of regenerated bone volume after 1 year of functional loading . The rhPDGF-BB positively influenced soft-tissue healing OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of residual defect height ( RDH ) following guided bone regeneration ( GBR ) in dehiscence-type defects on the long-term stability of peri-implant health after a period of 4 years . MATERIAL AND METHODS The RDH values in dehiscence-type defects at titanium implants were clinical ly assessed after 4 months of submerged healing following augmentation using a natural bone mineral ( NBM ) and a r and omized application of either a cross-linked- ( VN ) or a native collagen membrane ( BG )  ( n=12 patients each ) . The RDH values were classified as absent ( 0 mm , control ; n=8 ) , 
    Output:
    
The results from this systematic review and meta- analysis have shown that lateral ridge augmentation procedures can maintain peri-implant health over time with low mucosal inflammatory changes and a relatively small incidence of peri-implant bone loss