***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Background Hitherto no study has been published on the effect of the adjunctive administration of essential oils following scaling and root planing ( SRP ) . This study describes the effect of a mouthrinse consisting of essential oils ( Cymbopogon flexuosus , Thymus zygis and Rosmarinus officinalis ) following SRP by clinical and microbiological variables in patients with generalized moderate chronic periodontitis . Methods Forty-six patients ( aged 40–65 years ) with moderate chronic periodontitis were r and omized in a double-blind study and rinsed their oral cavity following SRP with an essential oil mouthrinse ( n = 23 ) or placebo ( n = 23 ) for 14 days . Probing depth ( PD ) , attachment level ( AL ) , bleeding on probing ( BOP ) and modified sulcus bleeding index ( SBI ) were recorded at baseline and after 3 and 6 months . Subgingival plaque was taken for assessment of major bacteria associated with periodontitis . Results AL , PD , BOP and SBI were significantly improved in both groups after three ( p < 0.001 ) and 6 months ( p ≤ 0.015 ) . AL improved significantly better in the test than in the control group after 3 and 6 months ( p < 0.001 ) , so did PD after three months in the tendency ( p = 0.1 ) . BOP improved better in the test group after 3 months ( p = 0.065 ) . Numbers of Treponema denticola ( p = 0.044 ) and Fusobacterium nucleatum ( p = 0.029 ) decreased more in the test than in the control group after 3 months , those of Tannerella forsythia after 6 months ( p = 0.039 ) . Prevotella micra ( p < 0.001 , p = 0.035 ) and Campylobacter rectus ( p = 0.002 , p = 0.012 ) decreased significantly in both groups after 3 months . Conclusions The adjunctive use of a mouthrinse containing essential oils following SRP has a positive effect on clinical variables and on bacterial levels in the subgingival biofilm . Trial registration 332 - 12 - 24092012 , DRKS 00009387 , German Clinical Trials Register , Freiburg i. Br . , BACKGROUND Probiotics are living microorganisms that provide beneficial effects for the host when administered in proper quantities . The aim of this double-masked placebo-controlled parallel-arm r and omized clinical trial is to evaluate the clinical effects of a Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1-containing probiotic sachet as an adjunct to non-surgical therapy . METHODS Twenty-eight systemically healthy volunteers with chronic periodontitis were recruited and monitored clinical ly at baseline and 3 , 6 , 9 , and 12 months after therapy . Clinical parameters measured included plaque accumulation , bleeding on probing , probing depths ( PDs ) , and clinical attachment loss . Patients received non-surgical therapy , including scaling and root planing ( SRP ) , and were assigned r and omly to a test ( SRP + probiotic , n = 14 ) or control ( SRP + placebo , n = 14 ) group . The intake , once a day for 3 months , of an L. rhamnosus SP1 probiotic sachet commenced after the last session of SRP . RESULTS Both test and control groups showed improvements in clinical parameters at all time points evaluated . However , the test group showed greater reductions in PD than the control . Also , at initial visits and after 1-year follow-up , the test group showed a statistically significant reduction in the number of participants with PD ≥6 mm , indicating a reduced need for surgery , in contrast to the placebo group . CONCLUSION The results of this trial indicate that oral administration of L. rhamnosus SP1 result ed in similar clinical improvements compared with SRP alone Summary Objectives The reason for the Study of Health in Pomerania ( SHIP ) is the lack of epidemiological studies with a broad range of health indicators . Furthermore , in Germany there is a need for studies that take into account the particular situation of life after the reunification . One objective of SHIP is to provide prevalence estimates on a broad range of diseases , risk and health factors for a defined region in the former GDR . Methods A sample of 7008 women and men aged 20 to 79 years in a north-east region of Germany , 4900 expected participants . The sample was drawn in two steps : First , 32 communities in the region were selected . Second , within the communities a simple r and om sample was drawn from residence registries , stratified by gender and age . The data collection and instruments include four parts : oral health examination , medical examination , health-related interview  , and a health- and riskfactor-related question naire . The oral health examination includes the teeth , periodontium , oral mucosa , craniom and ibular system , and prosthodontics . The medical examination includes  blood pressure measurements , electrocardiography , echocardiography , carotid , thyroid and liver ultrasounds , neurological screening , blood and urine sampling .  The computer-aided health-related interview  includes  cardiovascular symptoms , utilisation of medical services , health-related behaviours , and socioeconomic variables . The self-administered question naire comprises housing conditions , social network , work conditions , subjective well-being and individual consequences from the German reunification . ZusammenfassungFragestellungGrundlage für die Study of Health in Pomerania ( SHIP ) ist der Mangel an epidemiologischen Studien mit einer hohen Zahl von Gesundheitsindikatoren . Darüber hinaus gibt es in Deutschl and Bedarf an Studien mit Berücksichtigung der besonderen Lebenssituation nach der Wiedervereinigung . Ziel der SHIP ist die Prävalenzschätzung eines breiten Spektrums an Erkrankungen , Risiko- und Gesundheitsfaktoren für eine Region in der früheren DDR . Method enDie Stichprobe umfasst 7008 Frauen und Männer i m Alter von 20 bis 79 Jahren in einer Region i m Nordosten Deutschl and s mit einer erwarteten Response von 4900 Teilnehmern . Die Ziehung der Zufallsstichprobe erfolgte in zwei Schritten : Zuerst wurden 32 Gemeinden in der Region ausgewählt . Danach wurde innerhalb der Gemeinden jeweils eine Stichprobe durch die Eiwohnermeldeämter gezogen , stratifiziert nach Geschlecht und Alter . Die Date nerhebung beinhaltet vier Teile : zahnmedizinische Untersuchung , medizinische Untersuchung , gesundheitsbezogenes Interview und gesundheits-und risikofaktoren-bezogener Fragebogen . Der zahnmedizinische Teil umfasst die Untersuchung von Zähnen , Zahnhalteapparat , Zahnfleisch , kraniom and ibulärem System und Prothetik . Die medizinische Untersuchung beinhaltet Blutdruckmessung , Elektrokardiographie , Echokardiographie , Sonographie der Arteria Carotis , der Schilddrüse und der Leber , ein neurologisches Screening sowie Blut- und Urinanalysen . Das computergestützte Interview beinhaltet kardiovaskuläre Symptome , Inanspruchnahme medizinischer Hilfen , gesundheitsbezogenes Verhalten und sozioökonomische Variablen . Der Fragebogen zum Selbstausfüllen betrifft die Wohnsituation , das soziale Netzwerk , Arbeitsbedingungen , subjektives Befinden und persönliche Bewertungen der Lebenssituation nach der deutschen Wiedervereinigung . RésuméObjectifsLa base de l'étude du santé en Poméranie ( Study of Health in Pomerania , SHIP ) , c'est le manque de l'études épidémiologiques avec beaucoup des facteurs de la santé . Au-delà , en Allemagne il y a besoin de l'études avec une considération de la situation de vie en les l and s nouveaux . L'objet de SHIP , c'est l'estimation des prévalences de beaucoup des maladies , facteurs risque et facteurs de la santé pour une région dans les l and s nouveaux . MéthodesL'épreuve contient 7008 femmes et hommes d'age 20 à 79 . On pouvait s'y attendre 4900 participants . L'épreuve a été tirée en deux pas : commencer 32 villes et villages dans la région ont été tirée , ensuite dans les communes chaque fois une épreuve a été tirée par les bureaux des déclarations de résidence , pour groupes de l'age et genre . Le lever des informations renferme quatre parts : l'examen dental , l'examen médical , l'interview et un question naire concernant la santé et les risques de la santé . Le part dental comprends les dents , les gencives , le système craniom and ibulaire et le dentier . L'examen médicale contient le mesurage de la tension artérielle , l'électrocardiographie , l'échocardiographie , l'ultrasonographie de l'artères carotides , de la gl and e thyroide et du foie , une diagnostique brève neurologique et des analyses du sang et d'urine . L'interview renferme des symptômes cardiovasculaires , l'utilisation des aides médicals , le comportement concernant la santé et facteurs économiques . Le question naire concerne la situation d'habitation , le panneau social , la condition du travail , l'état de santé subjectif et l'estimation du situation de vie après la réunification de l'Allemagne AIM The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of lozenges containing L. reuteri as an adjuvant treatment to initial periodontal therapy for chronic periodontitis patients and to detect the level of L. reuteri colonization in the periodontal pockets of treated patients . MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 40 patients were selected and r and omly divided into two groups . Each patient had at least two teeth with one approximal site each with a probing depth ( PD ) of 5 - 7 mm and gingival index ( GI ) of ≥2 in each quadrant . Group I received scaling and root planing ( SRP ) plus L. reuteri-containing lozenges , and Group II received SRP plus placebo .  The plaque index ( PI ) , GI , bleeding on probing ( BoP ) , PD and relative attachment level were measured . Microbiological sampling was performed at baseline and on days 21 , 90 , 180 and 360 and were analysed by culturing . The Bonferroni-corrected paired sample t-test , Bonferroni-corrected Wilcoxon signed rank test and paired sample t-test were used to evaluate intra-group differences . The Bonferroni-corrected Student 's t-test and the Mann-Whitney U-tests were used to evaluate inter-group differences . RESULTS After treatment , the measured PI , GI , BoP and PD were significantly ( p < 0.05 ) lower in Group I compared with Group II at all time points . Similar observations were made for the total viable cell counts and the proportions of obligate anaerobes with the exception of day 360 . In Group I , significantly fewer patients required surgery on ≥3 sites . CONCLUSION L. reuteri-containing lozenges may be a useful adjuvant agent to slow re-colonization and improve clinical outcomes of chronic periodontitis . Further studies are required to clarify the optimal dose of the lozenges OBJECTIVE To explore associations between diabetes etiology ( type 1 diabetes mellitus [ T1DM ] vs. T2DM ) and glycemic control in the prediction of 5-year periodontal status change . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Study of Health in Pomerania ( SHIP ) is a population -based stratified sample of German men and women . Healthy participants and those determined to have T2DM arose from the SHIP cohort , and T1DM participants were recruited from diabetes clinics in the catchment area that gave rise to SHIP . Dentate participants ( n = 2,626 ; 53 % women ; 20–81 years of age ) were included . Diabetes was determined via physician diagnosis and /or HbA1c ≥6.5 % ( uncontrolled diabetes > 7.0 % ) . Examiners blinded to diabetes status performed r and om half-mouth periodontal examinations  , assessing probing depth ( PD ) and attachment loss ( AL ) ( four sites/tooth ) at baseline and follow-up . Participants were categorized into six groups as follows : 1 ) diabetes free ( n = 2,280 ) , 2 ) incident T2DM ( n = 79 ) , 3 ) controlled T2DM ( n = 80 ) , 4 ) uncontrolled T2DM ( n = 72 ) , 5 ) controlled T1DM ( n = 43 ) , and 6 ) uncontrolled T1DM ( n = 72 ) . In multivariable regressions , mean PD change ( ΔMPD ) , mean AL change ( ΔMAL ) , or incident tooth-loss values were regressed across the aforementioned diabetes categories . RESULTS Mean ( SD ) ΔMPD and ΔMAL values among all participants were −0.08 ± 0.5 mm and 0.08 ± 1.03 mm , respectively , and 34 % lost one or more teeth . Relative to diabetes-free participants , those with uncontrolled T2DM experienced greater ΔMPD ± SE ( P < 0.05 ) , whereas participants with either uncontrolled T1DM or uncontrolled T2DM realized greater ΔMAL ( P < 0.05 ) . Uncontrolled T1DM and T2DM were both associated with an increased risk of future tooth loss ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSIONS Diabetes control , but not et 
    Output:
    
Does short-term periodontal probing depth reduction and clinical attachment level gain after scaling and root planing depend on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes ?
Are short-term scaling and root planing outcomes in people with hyperglycemia/diabetes inferior to those in people without diabetes ?
Do periodontitis patients with diabetes benefit more from the use of  adjuvant antibiotics  with nonsurgical periodontal treatment than people without diabetes ?