***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
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    Input: Background Benefits of community-based whole-body vibration ( WBV ) as a mode of exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) have not been investigated . The low skill dem and of WBV may enhance habitual sustainability to physical activity by people with COPD , provided efficacy of WBV can be established . The purpose of this trial was to compare a community-based WBV intervention with a sham WBV ( SWBV ) intervention and monitor exacerbations , exercise tolerance , and functional performance of the lower limbs of people with COPD . Methods Community-dwelling adults with a GOLD clinical diagnosis of COPD were recruited to the trial . This was a Phase II efficacy trial with crossover to sham intervention interspersed with two-week washout . Each six-week intervention consisted of two sessions per week of either WBV or SWBV . The interventions were completed in the home of each participant under supervision . The outcome measures were selected psychological ( perceived dyspnoea ) and physiological ( heart rate and oxygen saturation ) responses to exercise , simulated activities of daily living ( timed-up- and got test and 5-chair st and s test ) , and selected kinematic variables of gait across the 14-week trial . Results Sixteen adults with stable COPD were recruited to the trial .  No exacerbations were reported during the WBV or SWBV interventions . After WBV , performance of activities of daily living ( ADLs ) and gait improved ( p ≤ 0.05 ) , while there was no change after SWBV ( p > 0.05 ) . Despite five withdrawals during the washout period , a 100 % compliance to each six-week intervention was noted . Conclusions Results showed that WBV did not exacerbate symptoms of COPD that can be associated with physical inactivity . The WBV intervention improved tests to simulate ADLs such as rising from a chair , turning , and walking gait with greater effect than a SWBV intervention . If a placebo effect was systemic to the WBV intervention , the effect was negligible . As a st and alone community-based intervention , WBV was an efficacious mode of exercise training for people with stable COPD that did not negatively effect exercise tolerance or exacerbate the disease , while concurrently improving functional performance of the lower limbs . Trial registration Australian and New Zeal and Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12612000508875 Background Exercise intolerance is a common development in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) . There is little data on the use of an isolated program using vibration platform training on functional capacity in these patients , which is an area that deserves investigation . Aim To investigate the effect of training on a vibrating platform ( whole-body vibration [ WBV ] ) on functional performance and quality of life of subjects with COPD . Methods A r and omized controlled crossover pilot study with eleven subjects with COPD ( forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1]% predicted = 14.63±11.14 ; forced vital capacity [FVC]% predicted = 48.84±15.21 ; FEV1/FVC = 47.39±11.63 ) underwent a 12-week WBV training program . Participants were r and omized into the intervention group ( IG ) undergoing three sessions per week for a total of 12 weeks and control group ( CG ) without intervention . We evaluated the 6-minute walk test ( 6MWT ) , distance walked ( DW ) , duration of the walk ( TW ) , and index of perceived exertion ( IPE ) , quality of life using St George ’s Respiratory Question naire ( SGRQ ) and developed a 12-week program of training on a vibrating platform . Results The mean age was 62.91±8.82 years old ( 72.7 % male ) .  The DW increased at the end of training with a difference between groups of 75 m ; all domains of the SGRQ improved at the end of training . The effect size Cohen ’s d ranged from small to large for all the measured results . Conclusion These preliminary results suggest that WBV may potentially be a safe and feasible way to improve functional capacity in the 6MWT of patients with COPD undergoing a training program on the vibrating platform as well as in all domains of the SGRQ quality of life . However , further studies with a larger number of patients are needed to establish the long-term effect on functional capacity and quality of life in these patients The effects of hard squatting exercise with ( VbX+ ) and without ( VbX− ) vibration on neuromuscular function were tested in 19 healthy young volunteers . Before and after the exercise , three different tests were performed : maximum serial jumping for 30 s , electromyography during isometric knee extension at 70 % of the maximum voluntary torque , and the quantitative analysis of the patellar tendon reflex . Between VbX+ and VbX− values , there was no difference found under baseline conditions . Time to exhaustion was significantly shorter in VbX+ than in VbX− ( 349 ± 338 s versus 515 ± 338 s ) , but blood lactate ( 5·49 ± 2·73 mmol l−1 versus 5·00 ± 2·26 mmol l−1 ) and subjectively perceived exertion ( rate of perceived exertion values 18·1 ± 1·2 versus 18·6 ± 1·6 ) at the termination of exercise indicate comparable levels of fatigue . After the exercise , comparable effects were observed on jump height , ground contact time , and isometric torque . The vastus lateralis mean frequency during isometric torque , however , was higher after VbX+ than after VbX−. Likewise , the tendon reflex amplitude was significantly greater after VbX+ than after VbX− ( 4·34 ± 3·63 Nm versus 1·68 ± 1·32 Nm ) . It is followed that in exercise unto comparable degrees of exhaustion and muscular fatigue , superimposed 26 Hz vibration appears to elicit an alteration in neuromuscular recruitment patterns , which apparently enhance neuromuscular excitability . Possibly , this effect may be exploited for the design of future training regimes Lamont , HS , Cramer , JT , Bemben , DA , Shehab , RL , And erson , MA , and Bemben , MG . Effects of adding whole body vibration to squat training on isometric force/time characteristics . J Strength Cond Res 24(1 ) : 171 - 183 , 2010-Resistance training interventions aim ed at increasing lower-body power and rates of force development have produced varying results . Recent studies have suggested that whole-body low-frequency vibration ( WBLFV ) may elicit an acute postactivation potentiation response , leading to acute improvements in power and force development . Potentially , the use of WBLFV between sets of resistance training rather than during training itself may lead to increased recruitment and synchronization of high-threshold motor units , minimize fatigue potential , and facilitate the chronic adaptation to resistance exercise . The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of applying TriPlaner , WBLFV , prior to and then intermittently between sets of Smith machine squats on short-term adaptations in explosive isometric force expression .  Thirty recreationally resistance trained men aged 18 - 30 were r and omly assigned to 1 of 3 groups : resistance training only ( SQT , n = 11 ) , resistance plus whole-body vibration ( SQTV , n = 13 ) , or active control ( CON , n = 6 ) . An isometric squat test was performed prior to and following a 6-week periodized Smith machine squat program . Whole-body low-frequency vibration was applied 180 seconds prior to the first work set ( 50 Hz , 2 - 4 mm , 30 seconds ) and intermittently ( 50 Hz , 4 - 6 mm , 3 × 10 seconds , 60 seconds between exposures ) within a 240-second interset rest period . Subjects were instructed to assume a quarter squat posture while positioning their feet directly under their center of mass , which was modified using a h and held goniometer to a knee angle of 135 ± 5 ° . Instructions were given to subjects to apply force as fast and as hard as possible for 3.5 seconds . Isometric force ( N ) and rates of force development ( N·s−1 ) were recorded from the onset of contraction ( F0 ) to time points corresponding to 30 , 50 , 80 , 100 , 150 , and 250 milliseconds , as well as the peak isometric rate of force development ( PISORFD ) , and rate of force development to initial peak in force ( RFDinitial ) . Repeated measures analysis of variance and analysis of covariance revealed no significant group by trial interactions for isometric rate of force development ( ISORFD ) between 0 - 30 , 0 - 50 , 0 - 80 , 0 - 100 , 0 - 150 , and 0 - 250 milliseconds and PISORFD ( p > 0.05 ) . A significant group × trial interaction was seen for RFDinitial with SQTV > CG ( p = 0.04 , mean difference 997.2 N·s−1 ) and SQTV > SQT ( p = 0.04 , mean difference 1,994.22 N·s−1 ) . Significant trial by covariate interactions ( week one measures for ISORFD ) and main effects for trial were observed for ISORFD between 0 - 80 , 0 - 100 , 0- and 150 milliseconds ; PISORFD ; and RFDinitial ( p < 0.01 ) . A significant trial effect was seen for Finitial ( % ) when expressed as a relative percentage of maximal voluntary contraction ( MVC ) ( MVC = 100 % ) ( p = 0.015 ; week 1 > week 7 , mean difference , 5.82 % ) . No significant differences were seen for any other force variables from the onset of contraction to MVC between weeks 1 and 7 ( p > 0.05 ) . The data suggest that there was a significant benefit afforded by adding WBLFV to a short-term resistance training protocol with regard to “ explosive ” strength expression . The addition of vibration prior to and between sets of resistance exercise may be a viable alternative to vibration applied during resistance exercise when trying to improve “ explosive ” isometric strength Background The potential of whole-body vibration ( WBV ) as a mode of dyspnoea free physical activity for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) is unknown among community-based setting s. Furthermore , the acute effects of WBV on people with COPD have not been profiled in community-based setting s. The aim of this community-based proof-of-concept trial was to describe acute effects of WBV by profiling subjective and objective responses to physical activity . Findings Seventeen community-dwelling older adults with COPD were recruited to participate in two sessions ; WBV and sham WBV ( SWBV ) . Each session consisted of five one-minute bouts interspersed with five one-minute passive rest periods . The gravitational force was ~2.5 g for WBV and ~0.0 g for SWBV . Reliability of baseline dyspnoea , heart rate , and oxygen saturation was first established and then profiled for both sessions . Acute responses to both WBV and SWBV were compared with repeated measures analysis of variance and repeated contrasts . Small changes in dyspnoea and oxygen saturation lacked subjective and clinical meaningfulness . One session of WBV and SWBV significantly increased heart rate ( p ≤ 0.02 ) , although there was no difference among WBV and SWBV ( p = 0.67 ) . Conclusions This community-based proof-of-concept trial showed that a session of WBV can be completed with the absence of dyspnoea for people with COPD . Furthermore , there were no meaningful differences among WBV and SWBV for heart rate and oxygen saturation . There is scope for long-term community-based intervention research using WBV given the known effects of WBV on peripheral muscle function and functional independence Background Patients with stable COPD show improvements in exercise capacity and muscular function after the application of whole body vibration . We aim ed to evaluate whether this modality added to conventional physiotherapy in exacerbated hospitalised COPD patients would be safe and would improve exercise capacity and quality of life . Methods 49 hospitalised exacerbated COPD patients were r and omized ( 1:1 ) to undergo physiotherapy alone or physiotherapy with the addition of whole body vibration . The primary endpoint was the between-group difference of the 6-minute walking test ( day of discharge – day of admission ) . Secondary assessment s included chair rising test , quality of life , and serum marker analysis . Results Whole body vibration did not cause procedure-related adverse events . Compared to physiotherapy alone , it led to significantly stronger improvements in 6-minute walking test ( 95.55 ± 76.29 m vs. 6.13 ± 81.65 m ; p = 0.007 ) and St. Georges Respiratory Question naire ( -6.43 ± 14.25 vs. 5.59 ± 19.15 , p = 0.049 ) . Whole body vibration increased the expression of the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator receptor gamma coactivator-1-α and serum levels of irisin , while it decreased serum interleukin-8 . Conclusion Whole body vibration during hospitalised exacerbations did not cause procedure-related adverse events and induced clinical ly significant benefits regarding exercise capacity and health-related quality of life that were associated with increased serum levels of irisin , a marker of muscle activity . Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register DRKS0000 
    Output:
    
Although there are only few studies available , there is some preliminary evidence that WBVT may be an effective exercise modality to improve functional exercise capacity in patients with COPD