***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: OBJECTIVE To evaluate the measurement of Samarium-153 ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonic acid ( (153)Sm-EDTMP ) bone uptake rate using whole-body scintigraphy and analyze the relationship between bone uptake rate and therapeutic effect . METHODS Sixty-six patients with painful bony metastases from prostate ( n = 15 ) , lung ( n = 20 ) , breast ( n= 18 ) , nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( NPC ) ( n=5 ) , colon ( n=2 ) , kidney ( n=2 ) and unknown cause ( n=4 ) carcinoma were examined with whole-body scintigraphy 10 min and 5 h post administration of (153)Sm-EDTMP .  Bone uptake rate was then calculated . ( 1 ) Complete response ( CR ) : disappearance of > 2 metastases , Karnofsky Performance Score ( KPS ) increase > 20 , moderate or complete remission of bone pain 7 d post injection of (153)Sm-EDTMP . ( 2 ) Partial response ( PR ) : disappearance of 1 - 2 metastases , KPS increase 10 - 20 , moderate remission of bone pain in 3 wk . ( 3 ) Non-response ( NR ) : no disappearance or shrinkage of metastases , KPS increase < 10 , no or slight remission of bone pain . RESULTS The range of bone uptake rate in 66 patients was 31 .9 % - 86.6 % ( mean = 56 . 0 % ) . The bone uptake rate in the CR group ( 17 cases , 25.7 % ) , PR group ( 24 cases , 36.4 % ) , and NR group ( 25 cases , 37.9 % ) was 52.4 % - 86.6 % ( mean = 68.7 % ) , 43.7 % - 70.4 % ( mean = 58.3 % ) , and 31.9%- 51 .5 % ( mean = 41 . 0 % ) respectively . Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the CR and PR groups ( t = 4.258 , P = 0.001 ) as well as between PR and NR groups ( t = 8.48,P = 0.001 ) . CONCLUSIONS Using a simple and reliable whole-body scintigraphic technique to calculate prospect ively the bone uptake rate , we have , for the first time in China , reported the relationship between bone uptake rate and therapeutic effect . This allows nuclear medicine physicians to calculate a safe and effective dose of (153)Sm-EDTMPin individual patients to palliate bone cancer pain without myelotoxicity 
    Output:
    
Although the data are limited , radioisotopes seem to reduce pain with a rapid onset of action and duration of response of 1 to 3 months .
The evidence that bisphosphonates or denosumab reduce or prevent pain in patients with NSCLC and bone metastases or that they have an influence on QoL is very weak .
Radioisotopes can be used to reduce diffuse pain , although there is no high-level evidence supporting such use