***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: BACKGROUND This study examines the effectiveness of a nursing home staff training program design ed to improve the interaction between residents with dementia and their caregivers . METHODS A three-arm cluster-r and omized and controlled population of 96 caregivers and 210 residents was used . Caregivers of the intervention group ( IG ) received a three-month training program in dementia care . Data were gathered at baseline , immediately after the training and at a six-month follow-up- assessment . Short- and long-term effects of the training program were assessed in comparison with another intervention referred to as the relaxation group ( RG ) and a wait-list control group ( CG ) . RESULTS Results indicated significant positive effects of the training program on caregivers ' knowledge immediately after the training and on the use of physical restraints at the six-month follow-up . Caregivers ' overall competence increased significantly both in the IG and in the RG . No intervention effects were found on caregivers ' level of burnout , their health complaints or on the use of sedative drugs .  Relaxation training was more successful in the reduction of caregivers ' health complaints . CONCLUSIONS Results of the study indicate both the effectiveness and the limitations of a general training program in dementia care . The complexity of the nursing home setting potentially needs more complex interventions . Ongoing and continued support of the caregivers , as well as changes in organization and environment , are more likely to be helpful in the long-term improvement in the quality of care . Future research should focus on studies of specific interventions , such as the interesting effects of relaxation training on the caregivers ' state of health WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT ? : To stimulate reminiscence of older adults with dementia performed individually or through group sessions is a well-known practice in nursing homes result ing in effects on behaviour and well-being as an alternative for medication . Robust scientific proof of the effectiveness of individual reminiscence therapy performed in nursing homes is sparse . WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE ? : We have provided individual st and ardized reminiscence therapy to residents with dementia . The therapy was developed and tested in a previous study and performed in this study by trained nursing home volunteers . In comparison with a control group who received usual care , residents who received the reminiscence therapy showed significant less depressive symptoms . Moreover , residents were , in general , attentive , open and collaborative during the sessions and volunteers experienced the sessions as useful and pleasant . WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATION S FOR PRACTICE ? : Individual reminiscence therapy can be learned and used by nursing home volunteers to improve care in nursing homes . ABSTRACT Aim To investigate the effect of a st and ardized individualized intervention based on the SolCos transformational reminiscence model on depressive symptoms ( primary outcome ) , cognition and behaviour ( secondary outcomes ) for older people with mild to moderate dementia , performed by trained nursing home volunteers as facilitators . Background Because of limited pharmacological treatment options for older adults with dementia relevant physical , sensory , psychological or social interventions offer alternative opportunities . Method R and omized controlled trial ( IS RCT N74355073 ) was set up in two nursing homes with 29 and 31 residents in the intervention and the control groups respectively . Eighteen nursing home volunteers were trained to perform the reminiscence therapy . Various assessment scales were measured pre- and post-sessions . Results Linear regression analysis showed an impact on depressive symptoms . However , no impact was identified on cognition and behaviour . Facilitators experienced the sessions as useful and pleasant , and study participants were , in general , attentive , open and collaborative . Discussion Study results showed that organizing st and ardized individual reminiscence therapy with nursing home volunteers was feasible and study participants ' attention and participation were overall good . Further study initiatives to explore the potential of individual reminiscence therapy within a person-centred framework are recommended in order to improve care in nursing homes BACKGROUND Elderly people with cognitive impairments are often associated with depressed mood and are heavy consumers in both medical services and need in caregivers . Reminiscence is believed to be effective in improving the cognition and mood of demented people . OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that structured group reminiscence therapy can prevent the progression of cognitive impairment and enhance affective function in the cognitively impaired elderly . METHODS A r and omized controlled trial ( RCT ) based on a two group pre- and post-test design was used . The experimental subjects underwent eight group sessions , one session per week . The measurements were performed using Mini-Mental State Examination ( MMSE ) , Geriatric Depression Scale short form ( GDS-SF ) , and Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia ( CSDD ) . RESULTS The sample consisted of 102 subjects , with 51 in the experimental group and 51 in the control group . Results demonstrated that the intervention significantly affected cognitive function and affective function as measured by MMSE and CSDD ( p = 0.015 and 0.026 ) , indicating that the cognitive function of the experimental subjects increased and their depressive symptoms diminished following intervention . CONCLUSION Participation in reminiscence activities can be a positive and valuable experience for demented older persons . Consequently , the development of a structured care program for elderly persons with cognitive impairment and the need for long-term care is essential . Thus , health providers in long-term care facilities should be trained in reminiscence group therapy , and to be able to deliver such a program to the targeted group The purpose of this study was , conducted with experimental design , to investigate the effect of reminiscence therapy on cognition , depression , activities of daily living of institutionalized mild and moderate Alzheimer patients . The study was conducted with a total of 62 patients ( 31 intervention group and 31 control group ) in four home care in Ankara , Turkey . Study was done between the July 1 , 2013 and December 20 , 2014 . Reminiscence therapy sessions were held with groups consists of 4 - 5 patients , once a week with 30 - 35 minute duration for 12 weeks . St and ardized Mini Mental Test was used in sample selection . Patients were listed through their mini mental test scores , and r and omized as odd numbers to control group and even numbers to intervention group . Data were collected with forms developed by research er ‘ Data Sheet ’ and ‘ Activities of Daily Living Follow-up Form ’ as well as scales ‘ St and ardized Mini Mental Test ’ and ‘ Geriatric Depression Scale ’ . Chi-square , Mann Whitney-U test , variance analyses in repeated measures and Bonferroni tests were used for analysis . The increase in mean St and ardized Mini Mental Test score and the decrease in mean Geriatric Depression Scale score of the individuals in the intervention group compared to the control group at the end of the reminiscence therapy was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) . At the end of reminiscence therapy sessions , increase in cognition and decrease in depression were found statistically significant in intervention group 
    Output:
    
CONCLUSION Reminiscence Therapy has potential efficacy for maintaining cognition and decrease of depressive symptomatology in the target population