***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: BACKGROUND Common clinical practice recommends dual antiplatelet therapy ( DAPT ) for  transcatheter aortic valve implantation ( TAVI ) . The aim of the study was to evaluate , in a double blind r and omized study , the safety of TAVI , with adjunctive pharmacotherapy consisting of single antiplatelet therapy . METHODS AND RESULTS From April 2010 to April 2011 , 120 consecutive patients , undergoing TAVI , have been enrolled in the study . Patients were r and omly assigned to DAPT group ( aspirin and clopidogrel 75 mg/qd or ticlopidine 500 mg/bid ) or ASA group ( aspirin only ) . TAVI device was the Sapien XT-Novaflex Delivery System ( Edwards Lifesciences , Inc. ) . All patients were followed up to 6 months . Device success was achieved in 100 % of patients . No difference in the VARC combined 30 day safety endpoint , all cause and cardiovascular mortality was observed . At 30 days vascular complications were reduced in the ASA group ( p<0.05 ) . No differences in the clinical status were detected between the groups up to 6 months . CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that TAVI procedures can be performed without DAPT without increasing the morbidity and mortality . These findings , if confirmed in a larger multicenter r and omized trial , will no longer support the use of DAPT for TAVI OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare aspirin plus clopidogrel with aspirin alone as antithrombotic treatment following transcatheter aortic valve replacement ( TAVR ) for the prevention of ischemic events , bleeding events , and death . BACKGROUND Few data exist on the optimal antithrombotic therapy following TAVR . METHODS This was a r and omized controlled trial comparing aspirin ( 80 to 100 mg/day ) plus clopidogrel ( 75 mg/day ) ( dual antiplatelet therapy [ DAPT ] ) versus aspirin alone ( single-antiplatelet therapy [ SAPT ] ) in patients undergoing TAVR with a balloon-exp and able valve . The primary endpoint was the occurrence of death , myocardial infa rct ion ( MI ) , stroke or transient ischemic attack , or major or life-threatening bleeding ( according to Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 definitions ) within the 3 months following the procedure . The trial was prematurely stopped after the inclusion of 74 % of the planned study population . RESULTS A total of 222 patients were included , 111 allocated to DAPT and 111 to SAPT . The composite of death , MI , stroke or transient ischemic attack , or major or life-threatening bleeding tended to occur more frequently in the DAPT group ( 15.3 % vs. 7.2 % , p = 0.065 ) . There were no differences between groups in the occurrence of death ( DAPT , 6.3 % ; SAPT , 3.6 % ; p = 0.37 ) , MI ( DAPT , 3.6 % ; SAT , 0.9 % ; p = 0.18 ) , or stroke or transient ischemic attack ( DAPT , 2.7 % ; SAPT , 0.9 % ; p = 0.31 ) at 3 months . DAPT was associated with a higher rate of major or life-threatening bleeding events ( 10.8 % vs. 3.6 % in the SAPT group , p = 0.038 ) . There were no differences between groups in valve hemodynamic status post-TAVR . CONCLUSIONS This small trial showed that SAPT ( vs. DAPT ) tended to reduce the occurrence of major adverse events following TAVR . SAPT reduced the risk for major or life-threatening events while not increasing the risk for MI or stroke . Larger studies are needed to confirm these results . ( Aspirin Versus Aspirin + Clopidogrel Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation : The ARTE Trial [ ARTE ] , NCT01559298 ; Aspirin Versus Aspirin+Clopidogrel as Antithrombotic Treatment Following TAVI [ ARTE ] , NCT02640794 ) OBJECTIVES This analysis presents the first report of 1-year outcomes of the 120 patients enrolled in the REPRISE II (  Repositionable Percutaneous Placement of Stenotic Aortic Valve Through Implantation of Lotus Valve System-Evaluation of Safety and Performance ) study . BACKGROUND The fully repositionable and retrievable Lotus Valve ( Boston Scientific , Marlborough , Massachusetts ) was design ed to facilitate accurate positioning , early valve function , and hemodynamic stability during deployment and to minimize paravalvular regurgitation in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement . METHODS The study enrolled 120 symptomatic patients 70 years of age or older at 14 centers in Australia and Europe . Patients had severe calcific aortic stenosis and were deemed to be at high or extreme risk of surgery based on assessment by the heart team . RESULTS The mean age was 84.4 ± 5.3 years , 57 % ( 68 of 120 ) of patients were women , and the mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 7.1 ± 4.6 . The mean baseline aortic valve area was 0.7 ± 0.2 cm(2 ) , and the mean transvalvular pressure gradient was 46.4 ± 15.0 mm Hg . All patients were successfully implanted with a Lotus Valve , and 1-year clinical follow-up was available for 99.2 % ( 119 of 120 of patients ) . The mean 1-year transvalvular aortic pressure gradient was 12.6 ± 5.7 mm Hg , and the mean valve area was 1.7 ± 0.5 cm(2 ) . A total of 88.6 % patients had no or trivial paravalvular aortic regurgitation at 1 year by independent core lab adjudication , and 97.1 % of patients were New York Heart Association functional class I or II . At 1 year , the all-cause mortality rate was 10.9 % ( 13 of 119 patients ) , disabling stroke rate was 3.4 % ( 4 of 119 patients ) , disabling bleeding rate was 5.9 % ( 7 of 119 patients ) , with no repeat procedures for valve-related dysfunction . A total of 31.9 % ( 38 of 119 patients ) underwent new permanent pacemaker implantation at 1 year . CONCLUSIONS At 1 year of follow-up , the Lotus Valve demonstrated excellent valve hemodynamics , no moderate or severe paravalvular regurgitation , and significant and sustained improvement in New York Heart Association functional class status , with good clinical outcomes . ( Repositionable Percutaneous Placement of Stenotic Aortic Valve Through Implantation of Lotus Valve System-Evaluation of Safety and Performance [ REPRISE II ] ; NCT01627691 ) AIMS Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is a therapeutic alternative for high-surgical-risk patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis . Two models of prosthesis are currently commercialized in France , which can be implanted either via a transarterial or a transapical approach . The aim of the study was to evaluate in a national French registry the early safety and efficacy of transcatheter aortic valve replacement ( AVR ) using either the Edwards SAPIEN ™ or CoreValve ™ in high-surgical-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis . METHODS AND RESULTS The multicentre national registry was conducted in 16 centres between February 2009 and June 2009 , under the authority of the French Societies of Cardiology and Thoracic and Cardio-Vascular Surgery . The primary endpoint was mortality at 1 month . Two hundred and forty-four high-surgical-risk patients ( logistic EuroSCORE ≥20 % , STS ≥10 % , or contra-indication to AVR ) were enrolled . Mean age was 82 ± 7 years and 43.9 % were female .  Edwards SAPIEN and CoreValve were implanted in 68 and 32 % of patients , respectively . The approaches used were transarterial ( transfemoral : 66 % ; subclavian : 5 % ) or transapical in 29 % . Device success rate was 98.3 % and 30-day mortality was 12.7 % . Severe complications included stroke ( 3.6 % ) , tamponade ( 2 % ) , acute coronary occlusion ( 1.2 % ) , and vascular complications ( 7.3 % ) . Pacemaker was required in 11.8 % . At 1 month , 88 % of patients were in NYHA class II or less . CONCLUSION This prospect i ve registry reflects the real-life experience of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in high-risk elderly patients in France . The early results are satisfactory in terms of feasibility , short-term haemodynamic and functional improvement , and safety . Longer term follow-up will be further assessed Background Transcatheter aortic valve implantation ( TAVI ) has emerged as a new therapeutic option in high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis . Aims PARTNER EU is the first study to evaluate prospect ively the procedural and mid-term outcomes of transfemoral ( TF ) or transapical ( TA ) implantation of the Edwards SAPIEN ® valve involving a multi-disciplinary approach . Methods and results Primary safety endpoints were 30 days and 6 months mortality . Primary efficacy endpoints were haemodynamic and functional improvement at 12 months . One hundred and thirty patients ( 61 TF , 69 TA ) , aged 82.1 ± 5.5 years were included . TA patients had higher logistic EuroSCORE ( 33.8 vs. 25.7 % , P = 0.0005 ) and more peripheral disease ( 49.3 vs. 16.4 % , P < 0.0001 ) . Procedures were aborted in four TA ( 5.8 % ) and six TF cases ( 9.8 % ) . Valve implantation was successful in the remaining patients in 95.4 and 96.4 % , respectively . Thirty days and 6 months survival were 81.2 and 58.0 % ( TA ) and 91.8 and 90.2 % ( TF ) . In both groups , mean aortic gradient decreased from 46.9 ± 18.1 to 10.9 ± 5.4 mmHg 6 months post-TAVI . In total , 78.1 and 84.8 % of patients experienced significant improvement in New York Heart Association ( NYHA ) class , whereas 73.9 and 72.7 % had improved Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Question naire ( KCCQ ) scores in TA and TF cohorts , respectively . Conclusion This first team-based multi-centre European TAVI registry shows promising results in high-risk patients treated by TF or TA  delivery . Survival rates differ significantly between TF and TA groups and probably reflect the higher risk profile of the TA cohort . Optimal patient screening , approach selection , and device refinement may improve outcomes Dual antiplatelet therapy ( DAPT ) with clopidogrel and aspirin is a widely accepted strategy in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation ( TAVI ) , but this approach is not evidence based . The goal of the present study was to determine whether DAPT in patients undergoing TAVI is associated with improved outcomes compared to aspirin alone . From May 2009 to August 2010 , consecutive patients were r and omized to receive a 300-mg loading dose of clopidogrel on the day before TAVI followed by a 3-month maintenance daily dose of 75 mg plus aspirin 100 mg lifelong ( DAPT group ) or aspirin 100 mg alone ( ASA group ) . The primary end point was the composite of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events , defined as death from any cause , myocardial infa rct ion , major stroke , urgent or emergency conversion to surgery , or life-threatening bleeding . The cumulative incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events at 30 days and 6 months was 14 % and 16 % , respectively . No significant differences between the DAPT and ASA groups were noted at both 30 days ( 13 % vs 15 % , p = 0.71 ) and 6 months ( 18 % vs 15 % ; p = 0.85 ) . In conclusion , the strategy of adding clopidogrel to aspirin for 3 months after TAVI was not found to be superior to aspirin alone . These results must be confirmed in a larger r and omized trial BACKGROUND Transcatheter aortic-valve implantation ( TAVI ) is an emerging intervention for the treatment of high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis and coexisting illnesses . We report the results of a prospect i ve multicenter study of the French national transcatheter aortic-valve implantation registry , FRANCE 2 . METHODS All TAVIs performed in France , as listed in the FRANCE 2 registry , were prospect ively included in the study . The primary end point was death from any cause . RESULTS A total of 3195 patients were enrolled between January 2010 and October 2011 at 3 
    Output:
    
Discussion Aspirin monotherapy appears to be as safe and effective as DAPT after TAVI