***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
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    Input: Objective To evaluate the effect of 8-week moderate intensity aerobic ( heart-rate reserve 40–60 % ) exercise on neuropathy quality of life in type 2 diabetes . Methods A single blind , parallel-group , r and omized controlled trial was carried out in a tertiary setting . People with type 2 diabetes were eligible for the study if they had clinical neuropathy which was defined by a minimum score of seven on the Michigan diabetic neuropathy score . Following which , the patients were r and omly assigned to an 8-week program by a computer-generated r and om number tables to intervention or control group . Repeated measure analysis of variance was used for data analysis ( p < 0.05 was considered significant ) . Results There were 47 participants in the control group and 40 participants in the study group after r and omization but 37 from the control group and 29 from the intervention group completed the final analysis . The two groups had a significant difference , pre – post intervention in scores of pain ( F = 7 , p = 0.01 ) , sensory symptoms ( F = 4.60 , p = 0.04 ) , restricted activities of daily living ( F = 4.97 , p = 0.03 ) , disruptions in social relationships ( F = 5.43 , p = 0.02 ) , specific impact on quality of life ( F = 9.28 , p < 0.001 ) overall quality of life ( F = 28.72 , p < 0.001 ) , and total score ( F = 31.10 , p < 0.001 ) . Degrees of freedom for all the components were 1 , 62 . Conclusion Moderate intensity aerobic exercise is cornerstone in improving the quality of life of individuals with peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes OBJECTIVE To evaluate mechanisms underlying diabetic neuropathy progression using indexes of sural nerve morphometry obtained from two identical r and omized , placebo-controlled clinical trials . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS  Sural nerve myelinated fiber density ( MFD ) , nerve conduction velocities ( NCVs ) , vibration perception thresholds , clinical symptom scores , and a visual analog scale for pain were analyzed in participants with diabetic neuropathy . A loss of ≥500 fibers/mm2 in sural nerve MFD over 52 weeks was defined as progressing diabetic neuropathy , and a MFD loss of ≤100 fibers/mm2 during the same time interval as nonprogressing diabetic neuropathy . The progressing and nonprogressing cohorts were matched for baseline characteristics using an O'Brien rank-sum and baseline MFD . RESULTS At 52 weeks , the progressing cohort demonstrated a 25 % decrease ( P < 0.0001 ) from baseline in MFD , while the nonprogressing cohort remained unchanged . MFD was not affected by active drug treatment ( P = 0.87 ) , diabetes duration ( P = 0.48 ) , age ( P = 0.11 ) , or BMI ( P = 0.30 ) . Among all variables tested , elevated triglycerides and decreased peroneal motor NCV at baseline significantly correlated with loss of MFD at 52 weeks ( P = 0.04 ) . CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of participants with mild to moderate diabetic neuropathy , elevated triglycerides correlated with MFD loss independent of disease duration , age , diabetes control , or other variables . These data support the evolving concept that hyperlipidemia is instrumental in the progression of diabetic neuropathy BACKGROUND Diabetes is the most important cause of peripheral neuropathy ( DPN ) . No definitive treatment for DPN has been established , and very few data on the role of exercise training on DPN have been reported . AIM OF THE STUDY We sought to examine the effects of long-term exercise training on the development of DPN in both Types 1 and 2 diabetic patients . PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Seventy-eight diabetic patients without signs and symptoms of peripheral DPN were enrolled , r and omized , and subdivided in two groups : 31 diabetic participants [ 15 f , 16 m ; 49+/-15.5 years old ; body mass index ( BMI ) = 27.9+/-4.7 ] , who performed a prescribed and supervised 4 h/week brisk walking on a treadmill at 50 % to 85 % of the heart rate reserve ( exercise group : EXE ) , and a  control group of 47 diabetic participants ( CON ; 24 f , 23 m ; 52.9+/-13.4 years old ; BMI = 30.9+/-8.4 ) .  Vibration perception threshold ( VPT ) , nerve distal latency ( DL ) , nerve conduction velocity ( NCV ) , and nerve action potential amplitude ( NAPA ) in the lower limbs were measured . RESULTS We found significant differences on Delta ( delta ) in NCV for both peroneal and sural motor nerve between the EXE and CON groups during the study period ( P<.001 , for both ) . The percentage of diabetic patients that developed motor neuropathy and sensory neuropathy during the 4 years of the study was significantly higher in the CON than the EXE group ( 17 % vs. 0.0 % , P<.05 , and 29.8 % vs. 6.45 % , P<.05 , respectively ) . In addition , the percentage of diabetic patients who developed increased VPT ( 25 V ) during the study was significantly higher in the CON than the EXE group ( 21.3 % vs. 12.9 % , P<.05 ) . Change on Hallux VPT from baseline to the end of the study was significantly different between the EXE and CON groups ( P<.05 ) ; no significant change in Malleolus VPT between the two groups occurred . CONCLUSIONS This study suggests , for the first time , that long-term aerobic exercise training can prevent the onset or modify the natural history of DPN PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Tai Chi exercise on glucose control , neuropathy scores , balance , and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes and neuropathy . METHODS A pretest-posttest design with a nonequivalent control group was utilized to recruit 59 diabetic patients with neuropathy from an outpatient clinic of a university hospital . A st and ardized Tai Chi for diabetes program was provided , which comprised 1 hour of Tai Chi per session , twice a week for 12 weeks . Outcome variables were fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin for glucose control , the Semmes-Weinstein 10-g monofilament examination scores and total symptom scores for neuropathy , single leg stance for balance , and the Korean version of the SF-36v2 for quality of life . Thirty-nine patients completed the posttest measures after the 12-week Tai Chi intervention , giving a 34 % dropout rate . RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 64 years , and they had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for more than 12 years . The status was significantly better for the participants in the Tai Chi group ( n=20 ) than for their control ( i.e. , nonintervention ) counterparts ( n=19 ) in terms of total symptom scores , glucose control , balance , and quality of life . CONCLUSION Tai Chi improved glucose control , balance , neuropathic symptoms , and some dimensions of quality of life in diabetic patients with neuropathy . Further studies with larger sample s and long-term follow-up are needed to confirm the effects of Tai Chi on the management of diabetic neuropathy , which may have an impact on fall prevention in this population Twenty Type 2 diabetic subjects between the age group of 30 - 60 years were studied to see the effect of 40 days of Yoga asanas on the nerve conduction velocity . The duration of diabetes ranged from 0 - 10 years . Subject suffering from cardiac , renal and proliferative retinal complications were excluded from the study  Yoga asanas included Suryanamskar . Tadasan , Konasan , Padmasan Pranayam , Paschimottansan Ardhmatsyendrasan , Shavasan , Pavanmukthasan , Sarpasan and Shavasan . Subjects were called to the cardio-respiratory laboratory in the morning time and were given training by the Yoga expert . The Yoga exercises were performed for 30 - 40 minutes every day for 40 days in the above sequence . The subjects were prescribed certain medicines and diet . The basal blood glucose , nerve conduction velocity of the median nerve was measured and repeated after 40 days of Yogic regime .  Another group of 20 Type 2 diabetes subjects of comparable age and severity , called the control group , were kept on prescribed medication and light physical exercises like walking . Their basal & post 40 days parameters were recorded for comparison . Right h and and left h and median nerve conduction velocity increased from 52.81 + /- 1.1 m/sec to 53.87 + /- 1.1 m/sec and 52.46 + /- 1.0 to 54.75 + /- 1/1 m/sec respectively . Control group nerve function parameters deteriorated over the period of study , indicating that diabetes is a slowly progressive disease involving the nerves . Yoga asanas have a beneficial effect on glycaemic control and improve nerve function in mild to moderate Type 2 diabetes with sub- clinical neuropathy OBJECTIVE The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes ( BARI 2D ) trial demonstrated similar long-term clinical effectiveness of insulin-sensitizing ( IS ) versus insulin-providing ( IP ) treatments for type 2 diabetes on cardiovascular outcomes in a cohort with documented coronary artery disease . We evaluated the effects of r and omized glycemic control strategy ( IS vs. IP ) on the prevalence and incidence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy ( DPN ) . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS DPN ( defined as Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument [ MNSI ] clinical examination score > 2 ) was assessed at baseline and yearly for 4 years . DPN prevalence and incidence were compared by intention-to-treat modeling by logistic generalized estimating equation models for prevalence and Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression models for incidence rates . RESULTS Results are reported for 2,159 BARI 2D participants ( 70 % males ) with valid baseline and at least one follow-up MNSI score ( mean age 62 ± 9 years , mean HbA1c 7.7 ± 1.6 % , diabetes duration 10 ± 9 years ) . There were no differences in the prevalence of DPN between the IS and the IP groups throughout the 4 years of follow-up . In 1,075 BARI 2D participants with no DPN at baseline , the 4-year cumulative incidence rate of DPN was significantly lower in the IS ( 66 % ) than in the IP ( 72 % ) strategy group ( P = 0.02 ) , which remained significant after adjusting for the in-trial HbA1c ( P = 0.04 ) . In subgroup analyses , IS strategy had a greater benefit in men ( hazard ratio 0.75 [ 99 % CI 0.58–0.99 ] , P < 0.01 ) . CONCLUSIONS Among patients with type 2 diabetes followed for up to 4 years during BARI 2D , a glycemic control therapy with IS significantly reduced the incidence of DPN compared with IP therapy and may add further benefit for men Background — Effects were compared in patients in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes ( BARI 2D ) trial of 2 mechanistically different strategies for treatment of hyperglycemia , insulin-sensitizing and insulin-providing strategies , on biomarker profiles reflecting the balance between fibrinolysis and thrombosis and the intensity of inflammation implicated in diabetic vasculopathy . Methods and Results — A total of 2368 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and clinical ly stable , angiographically documented coronary artery disease were r and omized to treatment with 1 of the 2 strategies and followed for an average of 5 years . Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 antigen and activity , tissue plasminogen activator antigen , fibrinogen , D-dimer , C-reactive protein , insulin , and hemoglobin A1c were assayed in blood sample s acquired at baseline and at 12 regular intervals throughout the follow-up interval . Higher baseline D-dimer , fibrinogen , and C-reactive protein portended a poor prognosis in patients in both groups . In contrast to the insulin-providing strategy , the insulin-sensitizing strategy led to ( 1 ) lower plasma insulin ; ( 2 ) lower plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 antigen and activity and lower tissue plasminogen activator antigen ( known to track with plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 ) ; and ( 3 ) lower C-reactive protein and fibrinogen at all intervals after baseline ( P<0.001 for each ) . Conclusions — The insulin-sensitizing treatment strategy led to changes in biomarker profiles indicative of decreased insulin resistance , an altered balance between thrombosis and fibrinolysis favoring fibrinolysis , and diminished intensity of the systemic inflammatory state , factors that have been associated with cardiovascular risk . Clinical Trial Registration — http://www . clinical trials. 
    Output:
    
Evidence from this systematic review suggests aerobic exercise training may positively influence nerve function among people with type 2 diabetes , with minimal risk of adverse events .