***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of omeprazole-based dual and triple regimens for the treatment of children with Helicobacter pylori infection . METHODS Twenty-two patients ( 3 with gastric ulcer , 12 with duodenal ulcer , and 7 with nodular gastritis alone ) were studied . Twelve ulcer patients also had nodular gastritis . The dual regimen included a 2-week course of omeprazole ( 0.6 mg/kg twice a day ) and amoxicillin ( 30 mg/kg twice a day ) ( n = 10 ) , and the triple regimen included the dual regimen plus clarithromycin ( 15 mg/kg twice a day ) ( n = 12 ) . In patients with active ulcers , omeprazole once daily was administered for another 4 weeks . Endoscopic biopsies were taken before therapy and 4 weeks after completion of a 2-week course of therapy , and patients were followed for 6 months . The gastritis score ( grade 0 to 3 ) and serum anti-H pylori IgG antibody titers were also determined . RESULTS The regimens were tolerated by all patients . Eradication rates for the dual and triple regimens were 70 % and 92 % , respectively . Active ulcers completely healed within 6 weeks . Patients with nodular gastritis alone showed different clinical responses to therapy . Pretreatment histology showed chronic gastritis in all patients . Successful H pylori eradication significantly reduced the mean gastritis score from 2.9 to 1.3 , but unsuccessful eradication did not reduce it . The disappearance of antral nodularity often coincided with the success of eradication . Successful eradication significantly decreased pretreatment serum anti-H pylori IgG antibody titers by 29 % at 1 month , by 52 % at 3 months , and by 67 % at 6 months . Side effects were mild and were reported in 23 % of patients . CONCLUSION An omeprazole-based regimen is safe and may be a better option for eradication of H pylori in children . Antral nodularity is a macroscopic marker of H pylori infection Objective : The efficacy and safety of dual and triple therapies with a proton pump inhibitor and antibiotic(s ) for therapy of Helicobacter pylori-associated duodenal ulcer disease have been compared using results from independent studies using different methods and regimens , making interpretation difficult . In a large , double-blind , multicenter study conducted in the United States , we compared a triple therapy regimen with four dual therapy and one monotherapy regimens in the eradication of H. pylori and the prevention of ulcer recurrence . Methods : Patients with active duodenal ulcer disease or history of duodenal ulcer disease within the past year and H. pylori infection were r and omized to receive one of six 14-day treatment regimens : lansoprazole 30 mg , clarithromycin 500 mg , and amoxicillin 1 gm b.i.d . ; lansoprazole 30 mg b.i.d . and either clarithromycin 500 mg b.i.d . or t.i.d . ; lansoprazole 30 mg b.i.d . or t.i.d . with amoxicillin 1 gm t.i.d . ; or lansoprazole 30 mg t.i.d . alone . No additional acid suppression therapy followed eradication therapy . Primary efficacy endpoints were eradication of H. pylori and ulcer recurrence . Results : Of 396 patients enrolled in the study , 352 met the entry criteria for duodenal ulcer status and H. pylori positivity . At 4–6 wk after the end of therapy , H. pylori was eradicated from 94 % ( 44 of 47 ) of patients receiving lansoprazole , clarithromycin , and amoxicillin triple therapy , 77 % ( 39 of 51 ) of those receiving lansoprazole t.i.d./amoxicillin t.i.d . , 75 % ( 36 of 48 ) of those receiving lansoprazole b.i.d./clarithromycin t.i.d . , 57 % ( 28 of 49 ) of those receiving lansoprazole b.i.d./clarithromycin b.i.d . , 53 % ( 26 of 49 ) of those receiving lansoprazole b.i.d./amoxicillin t.i.d . , and 2 % ( 1 of 53 ) of those receiving lansoprazole monotherapy ( p≤ 0.05 , triple therapy vs each dual therapy and each dual therapy vs monotherapy ) . Of those patients who were documented as free of ulcer at 4–6 wk after treatment , ulcers recurred within 6 months in 7 % of patients receiving triple therapy , as compared with 13–23 % of patients receiving dual therapy , and 69 % of patients receiving lansoprazole monotherapy . Patients who were H. pylori negative at 4–6 wk after treatment were less likely to have an ulcer recurrence than were patients who were H. pylori positive ( 11 % [ 10 of 95 ] vs 47 % [ 20 of 43 ] , respectively , across treatment groups ) . For triple therapy and dual therapy , a similar proportion of patients reported a drug-related adverse event ( 23%vs 17–33 % , respectively ) . Conclusions : In patients with active or a recent history of duodenal ulcer , a 14-day course of lansoprazole-based triple therapy without additional acid suppression therapy is highly effective in the eradication of H. pylori and in preventing ulcer recurrence . Among the dual therapies , higher eradication rates occurred when lansoprazole ( with amoxicillin ) or clarithromycin ( with lansoprazole ) was administered t.i.d . vsb.i.d . , but the rates were still significantly lower than with lansoprazole triple therapy with all three drugs administered b.i.d Helicobacter pylori eradication rates by triple therapy with a proton pump inhibitor , amoxicillin , and clarithromycin at st and ard doses depend on bacterial susceptibility to clarithromycin and patient CYP2C19 genotypes . We examined the usefulness of a personalized therapy for H. pylori infection based on these factors as determined by genetic testing . First , optimal lansoprazole dosing schedules that would achieve sufficient acid inhibition to allow H. pylori eradication therapy in each of different CYP2C19 genotype groups were determined by a 24‐h intragastric pH monitoring . Next , 300 H. pylori‐positive patients were r and omly assigned to the st and ard regimen group ( lansoprazole 30 mg twice daily ( b.i.d . ) ) , clarithromycin 400 mg b.i.d . , and amoxicillin 750 mg b.i.d . for 1 week ) or the tailored regimen group based on CYP2C19 status and bacterial susceptibility to clarithromycin assessed by genetic testing . Patients with failure of eradication underwent the second‐line regimen . The per‐patient cost required for successful eradication was calculated for each of the groups . In the first‐line therapy , the intention‐to‐treat eradication rate in the tailored regimen group was 96.0 % ( 95 % CI=91.5–98.2 % , 144/150 ) , significantly higher than that in the st and ard regimen group ( 70.0 % : 95 % CI=62.2–77.2 % , 105/150 ) ( P<0.001 ) . Final costs per successful eradication in the tailored and st and ard regimen groups were $ 669 and $ 657 , respectively . In conclusion , the pharmacogenomics‐based tailored treatment for H. pylori infection allowed a higher eradication rate by the initial treatment without an increase of the final per‐patient cost for successful eradication . However , the precise cost‐effectiveness of this strategy remains to be determined The additive effect of ecabet sodium in combination with dual therapy on Helicobacter pylori eradication was evaluated AIM : To assess the effect of adding clarithromycin to the combination of omeprazole and amoxycillin for the eradication of H. pylori infection . PATIENTS AND METHODS : In an open , r and omized , three‐centre study 120 patients ( 69 men , mean age 47 years , caucasians 74 % ) with symptoms of dyspepsia had normal gastroscopic examination and a positive urease test . They underwent a 13C‐urea breath test and received , for 14 days , either omeprazole 40 mg b.d . plus amoxycillin 750 mg b.d . , or the same regimen plus clarithromycin 250 mg b.d . Compliance was assessed by returned tablet counts . H. pylori clearance at the end of treatment and eradication 4 weeks after finishing treatment were assessed by 13C‐urea breath test . RESULTS : Results are expressed according to ' all patients treated analysis ' , excluding patients who did not receive treatment and patients who had no final 13C‐urea breath test assessment . In the groups treated with omeprazole‐ amoxycillin or omeprazole‐amoxycillin‐clarithromycin  good compliance ( > or = 90 % ) was observed in 85 % vs. 76 % ( N.S. ) of patients but 25 % vs. 34 % ( N.S. ) experienced at least one adverse event . Adverse events were minor , and no patient reported a metallic taste . Four weeks after finishing treatment eradication rates were 26 % ( 95 % CI : 15‐37 % ) vs. 93 % ( 95 % CI : 86‐99 % ) ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION : These results show that dual therapy with omeprazole plus amoxycillin achieves an unacceptably low H. pylori eradication rate . Addition of clarithromycin at low dosage ( 250 mg b.d . ) proved to be useful , achieving a high eradication rate without increasing side‐effects BACKGROUND / AIMS Our study is to compare a short-term low-dose triple therapy with a long-term medium-dose double therapy for H.pylori eradication . MATERIAL S AND METHODS One hundred and ten consecutive patients , suffering from dyspeptic symptoms , with H.pylori infection , were r and omly allocated to one of the following 2 groups with different therapeutic regimens : A ) omeprazole 20 mg/day for 7 days , tinidazole 500 mg bid for 7 days , clarithromycin 250 mg bid for 7 days ( 55 pts , 20 with peptic ulcer ) ; B ) omeprazole 20 mg bid for 14 days , amoxycillin 1000 mg bid for 14 days ( 55 pts , 28 with peptic ulcer ) . The " H.pylori status " was evaluated by means of histology , culture and urease test , at entry and 8 weeks after treatment . RESULTS Two group A and one group B pts did n't complete the treatment . The H.pylori eradication was obtained in 38 pts of group A ( 71.69 % ) ( C.I.95 % : 55.19176 - 80.86293 ) , in 31 of group B ( 58.49 % ) ( C.I.95 % : 42.32777 - 69.7017 ) ; on Intention-to-Treat analysis , the rate of eradication gave similar results . Side effects occurred in 9 pts of group A ( 16.98 % ) , in 8 of group B ( 14.81 % ) . CONCLUSIONS Short-term low-dose triple therapy with omeprazole/tinidazole/clarithromycin has a better cost/benefit ratio than long-term dual therapy with omeprazole/amoxycillin in the H.pylori eradication , but it causes more side-effects Background s and Aims Development of safe and effective rescue regimens for eradication failure of Helicobacter pylori infection  by st and ard regimens is an urgent task . We design ed the prospect i ve study to compare the efficacy of two rescue regimens after eradication failure by the st and ard triple therapy . Methods One hundred and thirty-two patients in whom eradication of H. pylori infection failed initial triple therapy with lansoprazole 30 mg b.i.d , amoxicillin 750 mg b.i.d . and clarithromycin 400 mg b.i.d . for 1 week were r and omized to either the 1–week triple therapy with rabeprazole 10 mg b.i.d . , amoxicillin 750 mg b.i.d . , and metronidazole 250 mg b.i.d . ( RAM ) or the 2–week dual therapy with rabeprazole 10 mg q.i.d . and amoxicillin 500 mg q.i.d . ( RA 
    Output:
    
CONCLUSIONS High-dose PPI-amoxicillin dual therapy is comparable to recommended rescue therapies for H. pylori infection .