***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
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    Input: Objective : To prospect ively compare the functional outcome associated with cemented and uncemented hemiarthroplasty . Design : Prospect i ve r and omized control trial . Setting : University-affiliated level 1 trauma center . Patients / Participants : All individuals design ated for hemiarthroplasty , older than 55 years , with a nonpathologic displaced femoral neck fracture and the ability to ambulate 10 feet independently before injury [ 269 patients ( 274 hips ) presented with displaced femoral neck fracture , 130 patients ( 48.3 % ) enrolled , and 5 patients ( 3.8 % ) withdrew ] . Intervention : Hip hemiarthroplasty with a cemented femoral prosthesis ( VerSys LD/Fx ; Zimmer , Warsaw , IN ) or an uncemented component ( VerSys Beaded FullCoat ; Zimmer , Warsaw , IN ) . Main Outcome Measures : Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and Physical Activities of Daily Living scales ( Older Americans Re sources and Services Instrument ) and the Energy/Fatigue Scale . Results : No statistically significant differences were present in the groups ' preoperative or intraoperative characteristics , including American Society of Anesthesiologists grade , operative time , anesthesia time , use of perioperative & bgr;-blockers , estimated blood loss , or the rate of intraoperative fracture . Postoperatively , no difference was found in hemoglobin level , transfusion rate , discharge disposition , or acute complication rate . At 30-day , 60-day , and 1-year follow-ups , no clinical ly or statistically significant differences were found in mortality , disposition , need for assistance with ambulation , Older Americans Re sources and Services Activities of Daily Living subscales , or the Energy/Fatigue Scale . Conclusions : In the treatment of nonpathologic displaced femoral neck fractures , the use of cemented and uncemented femoral components is associated with similar functional outcome at 1 year . Practitioners may inform their clinical decisions using these equally good results . Level of Evidence : Therapeutic Level II . See page 128 for a complete description of levels of evidence Hip hemiarthroplasties are frequently performed for displaced femoral neck fractures . The purpose of this study was to identify the costs associated with cementless and cemented hemiarthroplasties , compare operative times , and identify complications . The hypothesis was that cementless hemiarthroplasties cost less than cemented hemiarthroplasties , require less operative time , and have fewer perioperative complications . A retrospective review was conducted of 2 surgeons ' patients admitted for displaced femoral neck fractures between 2006 and 2010 . Group 1 included 45 patients who underwent monopolar hemiarthroplasties with cementless femoral components via a st and ard posterior approach by a single surgeon . Group 2 included 49 patients who underwent monopolar hemiarthroplasties with cemented femoral components via a modified lateral approach by a single surgeon .  Surgical and anesthesia times and the cost of implants and accessories were recorded . The cost for cementless components was $ 3275.60 ( femoral stem , $ 2800 ; monopolar head , $ 400 ; sleeve , $ 75.60 ) , whereas the cost of cemented components was $ 3694.47 ( femoral stem , $ 1800 ; monopolar head , $ 400 ; sleeve , $ 75.60 , 3 Simplex with tobramycin cement packets , $ 1221 ; cement mixer/irrigator with tip/ central izer and plug/pressurizer , $ 197.87 ) , a cost savings of 12.7 % ( $ 418.87 ) . Operative time was significantly reduced in group 1 vs group 2 ( mean , 32.9 vs 56.1 minutes , respectively ; P<.01 ) . Anesthesia time was also significantly reduced in group 1 ( mean , 82.3 vs 102.9 minutes , respectively ; P<.01 ) . The difference in mean anesthetic times demonstrates an overall cost savings of 18.6 % , or $ 1161.30 . No difference in complications was noted between the groups perioperatively . Regional cost variances , vendor-hospital contracts , and surgeons ' operative times are factors that may influence cost savings . This study demonstrates significantly lower operative and anesthetic times and observable cost savings with cementless femoral implants Background Displaced femoral neck fractures usually are treated with hemiarthroplasty . However , the degree to which the design of the implant used ( cemented or uncemented ) affects the outcome is not known and may be therapeutically important . Questions / purpose sIn this r and omized controlled trial , we sought to compare cemented with cementless fixation in bipolar hemiarthroplasties at 5 years in terms of ( 1 ) Harris hip scores ; ( 2 ) femoral fractures ; ( 3 ) overall health outcomes using the Barthel Index and EQ-5D scores ; and ( 4 ) complications , reoperations , and mortality since our earlier report on this cohort at 1-year followup . Methods We present followup at a median of 5 years after surgery ( range , 56–65 months ) from a r and omized trial comparing a cemented hemiarthroplasty ( 112 hips ) with an uncemented , hydroxyapatite-coated hemiarthroplasty ( 108 hips ) , both with a bipolar head . Results were previously reported at 1-year followup . Harris hip scores , Barthel Index , and EQ-5D scores were assessed by one research nurse and one orthopaedic surgeon . Complications and reoperations were determined by chart review and radiographs examined by three orthopaedic surgeons . Sixty patients ( 56 % ) had died in the cemented group and 63 ( 60 % ) in the uncemented group . Respectively , three and two patients ( 2.7 % and 1.9 % ) were completely lost to followup . Results Harris hip scores at 5 years were higher in the uncemented group than in the cemented group ( 86.2 versus 76.3 ; mean difference 9.9 ; 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 1.9–17.9 ) . The prevalence of postoperative periprosthetic femoral fractures was 7.4 % in the uncemented group and 0.9 % in the cemented group ( hazard ratio [ HR ] , 9.3 ; 95 % CI , 1.16–74.5 ) . Barthel Index and EQ-5D scores were not different between the groups . Between 1 and 5 years , we found no additional infections or dislocations . The mortality rate was not different between the groups ( HR , 1.2 ; 95 % CI , 0.82–1.7 ) . Conclusions Both arthroplasties may be used with good medium-term results after displaced femoral neck fractures . The uncemented hemiarthroplasty may result in higher hip scores but appears to carry an unacceptably high risk of later femoral fractures . Level of Evidence Level I , therapeutic study . See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence We undertook a prospect i ve r and omised controlled trial involving 400 patients with a displaced intracapsular fracture of the hip to determine whether there was any difference in outcome between treatment with a cemented Thompson hemiarthroplasty and an uncemented Austin-Moore prosthesis . The surviving patients were followed up for between two and five years by a nurse blinded to the type of prosthesis used . The mean age of the patients was 83 years ( 61 to 104 ) and 308 ( 77 % ) were women . The degree of residual pain was less in those treated with a cemented prosthesis ( p < 0.0001 ) three months after surgery . Regaining mobility was better in those treated with a cemented implant ( p = 0.005 ) at six months after operation . No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to mortality , implant-related complications , re-operations or post-operative medical complications . The use of a cemented Thompson hemiarthroplasty result ed in less pain and less deterioration in mobility than an uncemented Austin-Moore prosthesis with no increase in complications BACKGROUND Controversy exists regarding the use of cement for hemiarthroplasty to treat a displaced subcapital femoral neck fracture in elderly patients . The primary hypothesis of this study was that use of cement would provide better visual analog pain scores following this procedure in an elderly patient population . METHODS Elderly patients ( at least seventy years of age ) without severe cardiopulmonary compromise who presented to one institution with a displaced subcapital femoral neck fracture were offered inclusion in the study . One hundred and sixty patients ( mean age , eighty-five years ) with an acute displaced femoral neck fracture were r and omly allocated to hemiarthroplasty with either a cemented Exeter or an uncemented Zweymüller Alloclassic component . Clinical and radiographic follow-up was performed for two years and the outcomes were recorded by a blinded assessor . The main clinical outcome measures were pain , mortality , mobility , complications , reoperations , and quality of life measured with use of vali date d instruments . RESULTS The mean visual analog pain score at rest did not differ significantly between the groups . The total number of complications was greater in the uncemented group ( sixty-three compared with twenty-eight in the cemented group ) . Subsidence was significantly more common in the uncemented group ( eighteen compared with one in the cemented group ) . Intraoperative or postoperative fracture was also significantly more common in the uncemented group ( eighteen compared with one in the cemented group ) . The mortality rate did not differ significantly between the groups at any time point ( thirty-five deaths in the uncemented group compared with thirty-two in the cemented group at two years ) . The Oxford hip score was significantly poorer in the uncemented group at six weeks ( 38.8 compared with 35.7 in the cemented group ) , and it was also poorer or similar at later follow-up time points although the differences were not significant . There was also a trend toward poorer mobility and greater dependence on walking aids in the cemented group . The postoperative Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment and Mini-Mental State Examination scores did not differ significantly between the groups . CONCLUSIONS In elderly patients ( seventy years or older ) without severe cardiopulmonary compromise who were treated with hemiarthroplasty for a displaced femoral neck fracture , use of a cemented Exeter implant and use of an uncemented Alloclassic implant provided a comparable outcome with regard to pain . However , implant-related complication rates were significantly lower in the group treated with a cemented implant . Trends toward better function and better mobility in the cemented group were observed . These trends reached significance in particular functional scores at some postoperative time points . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Level II . See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence Introduction Laboratory and human mechanical studies indicated that chemical substances in bone cement had toxic and prothrombotic effects . Impaction of cement added a mechanical trauma to the reaming and broaching procedure and contributed to a substantial local and systemic thrombin generation . Case reports and material s have indicated bone cement as the immediate trigger of cardiorespiratory and vascular dysfunction , occasionally fatal , and described as the bone cement implantation syndrome . In spite of this knowledge , bone cement has gained popularity and is widely used for prosthesis fixation , possibly due to a lack of clinical evidence supporting the basic science indicating bone cement as a mortality risk factor . Method This is a prospect i ve , r and omized study comparing cemented and non cemented hemiprosthesis on patients suffering a dislocated cervical hip fracture . Perioperative characteristics and 1 year mortality differences between the groups were estimated . Patients Hundred and thirty-four patients over 75 years were enrolled from two hospitals in Norway . Average age was 84 years , 75 % were female and 60 % had symptomatic comorbidities . Results We find no difference in mortality between cemented and uncemented hemiprosthesis up to 1 year ( HR 0.77 , 95 % CI 0.51–1.18 , p = 0.233 ) . However , statistically significant reduced operation time and blood loss were found in the non-cemented group . ( mean difference of 13 min , 95 % CI 4–22 , p = 0.004 and 92 ml 95 % CI 3–181 , p = 0.043 , respectively ) . Conclusion Installation of non-cemented hemiprostheses in elderly with hip fracture may have benefits perioperatively regarding operation time and bleeding , and do not seem to influence 1 year mortality relative to cemented implants In a clinical , controlled trial 112 patients with fresh femoral neck fractures were allocated to two groups of treatment : 55 patients had a  Moore hemi-arthroplasty cemented with methyl methacrylate and 57 patients a non-cemented prosthesis . 75 patients attended the follow-up study . At 6 weeks , 3 months , 6 months and 12 months after the operation the function of the hip was assessed according to Merle d'Aubigné . At 6 weeks , 3 months and 6 months after the operation the clinical results were significantly better among patients with cemented prosthesis , especially in relation to pain relief and gait function . It is concluded that fixation of the prosthesis with cement improves the clinical 
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There was no statistically significant difference for any other outcome between the two methods of fixation .
Conclusion In hemiarthroplasty of the hip using current generation stems , cemented stems result in fewer implant‐related complications and similar mortality  compared with cementless stems