***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Background Front of pack food labels or signpost labels are currently widely discussed as means to help consumers to make informed food choices . It is hoped that more informed food choices will result in an overall healthier diet . There is only limited evidence , as to which format of a food label is best understood by consumers , helps them best to differentiate between more or less healthy food and whether these changes in perceived healthiness result in changes of food choice . Methods In a r and omised experimental study in Hamburg/Germany 420 adult subjects were exposed to one of five experimental conditions : ( 1 ) a simple " healthy choice " tick , ( 2 ) a multiple traffic light label , ( 3 ) a monochrome Guideline Daily Amount ( GDA ) label , ( 4 ) a coloured GDA label and ( 5 ) a " no label " condition . In the first task they had to identify the healthier food items in 28 pair-wise comparisons of foods from different food groups . In the second task they were asked to select food portions from a range of foods to compose a one-day 's consumption . Differences between means were analysed using ANOVAs . Results Task I : Experimental conditions differed significantly in the number of correct decisions ( p < 0.001 ) . In the condition " no label " subjects had least correct decisions ( 20.2 ± 3.2 ) , in the traffic light condition most correct decisions were made ( 24.8 ± 2.4 ) . Task II : Envisaged daily food consumption did not differ significantly between the experimental conditions . Conclusion Different food label formats differ in the underst and ing of consumers . The current study shows , that German adults profit most from the multiple traffic light labels . Perceived healthiness of foods is influenced by this label format most often . Nevertheless , such changes in perceived healthiness are unlikely to influence food choice and consumption . Attempts to establish the informed consumer with the hope that informed choices will be healthier choices are unlikely to change consumer behaviour and will not result in the desired contribution to the prevention of obesity and diet related diseases Background : Brazil is currently debating the implementation of front-of-package labels . This study tested if Warning labels ( WLs ) improved consumer underst and ing , perceptions , and purchase intentions compared to Traffic-Light labels ( TLLs ) in 1607 Brazilian adults . Methods : In this online , r and omized controlled experiment participants saw images of 10 products and answered questions twice — once in a no-label , control condition and then again in a r and omly assigned label condition . The relative differences in responses between WLs and TLLs between control and label conditions were estimated using one-way ANOVAs or Chi-square tests . Results : Presenting WLs on products compared to TLLs helped participants : ( i ) improve their underst and ing of excess nutrient content ( 27.0 % versus 8.2 % , p < 0.001 ) ; ( ii ) improve their ability to identify the healthier product ( 24.6 % versus 3.3 % , p < 0.001 ) ; ( iii ) decrease perceptions of product healthfulness ; and ( iv ) correctly identify healthier products ( 14.0 % versus 6.9 % , p < 0.001 ) , relative to the control condition . With WLs , there was also an increase in the percentage of people : ( v ) expressing an intention to purchase the relatively healthier option ( 16.1 % versus 9.8 % , p < 0.001 ) ; and ( vi ) choosing not to buy either product ( 13.0 % versus 2.9 % , p < 0.001 ) , relative to the control condition . The participants in the WL condition had significantly more favorable opinions of the labels compared to those in the TLL group . Conclusions : WLs would be more effective , compared to the TLL , at improving consumer food choices 
    Output:
    
LA countries are targeting SSB consumption through a variety of mechanisms , particularly via restrictions to availability in schools and through taxes .