***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Purpose This study aims to investigate Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 during Helicobacter pylori eradication in children . Methods One hundred ninety-four H. pylori positive children were r and omized in two groups . Therapy ( omeprazole+clarithromycin+amoxicillin or omeprazole+clarithromycin+metronidazole in case of penicillin allergy ) was given to both groups during two weeks . In the treatment group ( n : 102 )  S. boulardii was added to the triple therapy , while the control group ( n : 92 ) only received triple therapy .  The incidence , onset , duration and severity of diarrhea and compliance to the eradication treatment were compared . A 13C urea breath test was done 4 weeks after the end of eradication therapy in two groups of 21 patients aged 12 years and older to test the H. pylori eradication rate . Results In the treatment group , diarrhea occurred in 12 cases ( 11.76 % ) , starting after 6.25±1.24 days , lasting 3.17±1.08 days , and compliance to eradication treatment was 100 % . In the control group , diarrhea occurred in 26 cases ( 28.26 % ) , starting after 4.05±1.11 days , lasting 4.02±0.87 days , and in six cases eradication treatment was stopped prematurely ( p<0.05 ) . The 13C urea breath test showed successful H. pylori eradication in 71.4 % of the patients in the treatment and in 61.9 % in the control group ( not significant ) . Conclusion S. boulardii has a beneficial effect on the prevention and treatment of diarrhea during H. pylori eradication in children . Although S. boulardii did only slightly increase H. pylori eradication rate , compliance to eradication treatment was improved BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that ingesting lactic acid bacteria exerts a suppressive effect on  Helicobacter pylori infection in both animals and humans . Supplementing with Lactobacillus- and Bifidobacterium-containing yogurt ( AB-yogurt ) was shown to improve the rates of eradication of H. pylori in humans . OBJECTIVE We administered AB-yogurt to subjects with asymptomatic H. pylori to test whether the yogurt could inhibit H. pylori growth . DESIGN The in vitro inhibition of H. pylori growth was determined by inoculating Lactobacillus acidophilus La5 or Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 on plates that were inoculated with H. pylori . Assessment of the viability of H. pylori was performed by the mixed culture method with La5 or Bb12 . In an intervention study , 59 adult volunteers infected with H. pylori were given AB-yogurt ( 10(7 ) colony-forming units of both La5 and Bb12/mL ) twice daily after a meal for 6 wk . Eleven subjects positive for H. pylori infection were treated with milk placebo as control subjects . H. pylori bacterial loads were determined with use of the (13)C-urea breath test , which was performed before and 4 and 8 wk after the start of AB-yogurt supplementation . RESULTS Bb12 exerted an in vitro inhibitory effect against H. pylori , whereas La5 did not show an effect . Administration of AB-yogurt decreased the urease activity of H. pylori after 6 wk of therapy ( P < 0.0001 ) . CONCLUSION Regular intake of yogurt containing Bb12 and La5 effectively suppressed H. pylori infection in humans Objective Helicobacter pylori is recognized as a major etiological factor in the pathogenesis of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease . H. Pylori eradication has a failure rate of more than 30 % in pediatric patients , particularly because of poor compliance , antibiotic resistance and occurrence of side-effects . This study was aim ed to determine whether adding the probiotics to a st and ard anti-H. pylori regimen could minimize the gastrointestinal side-effect prevalence and improve the eradication rate . Methods Double-blind r and omized placebo controlled study conducted at Children 's Medical Center in Tehran , Iran . Sixty six H. pylori positive children were treated with a triple drug treatment protocol ( omeprazole+amoxycillin+furazolidon ) and r and omly allocated to receive either probiotic or placebo .  All patients underwent esophagogastroduodendoscopy .  H. pylori infection was diagnosed by either rapid urease test ( RUT ) or histology . H. pylori status was assessed after 4 - 8 weeks of the completion of treatment with stool H. pylori antigen test . The side effects of the treatment were determined in each group . Findings Mean age of patients was 9.09 ( range 3 - 14 ) years , 44 ( 65.7 % ) patients were boys ( sex ratio 2:1 ) . All 66 patients completed the course of treatment and follow-up . The rate of H. pylori eradication was significantly higher in probiotic group ( P=0.04 ) . In probiotic supplemented children there was a lower rate of nausea/vomiting ( P=0.02 ) and diarrhea ( P=0.039 ) during treatment . Conclusion This study showed that probiotics have positive effect on the eradication of H. pylori infection .  Adjuvant therapy with probiotic is recommended in order to reduce the frequency of antibiotic induced side-effects during treatment with antibiotics Background To evaluate whether the addition of a probiotic could improve  Helicobacter pylori ( H.P. ) eradication rates and reduce the side effects of treatment in children . Methods Between July 2008 and July 2011 all patients with a clinical , laboratory and endoscopic diagnosis of H.P. positive gastritis referred to our Unit were included in the study . Patients suffering from allergy to any of drugs used in the study , with previous attempts to eradicate H.P. and those who received antibiotics , PPIs or probiotics within 4 weeks were excluded from the present study . Patients were r and omized into two therapy regimens ( group A and B ) : both groups received st and ard triple treatment ( omeprazole , amoxicillin and clarithromycin ) while only group B patients were also given a probiotic ( Probinul - Cadigroup ) . Patients compliance was evaluated at the end of the treatment . Successful eradication was defined as a negative 13 C-urea breath test ( C13-ubt ) result four weeks after therapy discontinuation . Results A total of 68 histopathologically proven H.P.-infection children ( 32 male and 36 females ) were included in the study . All of the patients in both groups used more than 90 % of the therapies and no patients were lost at follow up . All side effects were selflimiting and disappeared once the therapy was terminated . Epigastric pain was observed in 6 ( 17.6 % ) group A vs 2 ( 5.8 % ) group B patients ( P<0.05 ) , nausea in 3 ( 8.8 % ) group A vs 1 ( 2.9 % ) group B patients ( P<0.05 ) ; vomiting and diarrhea were observed in 2(5.8 % ) and 8 ( 23.5 % ) group A patients , respectively and never in group B ( P<0.05 ) . There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of constipation ( 5.8 % in group A and B ) . Four weeks after the completion of therapy , 56/68 patients ( 82.3 % ) tested negative for H.P. on C13-ubt . H.P. was eradicated in 26 patients ( 76.4 % ) in group A and in 30 patients ( 88.2 % ) in group B. There was no significantly difference in the rate of H.P. eradication between group A and group B ( p=0.1 ) , although the success rate for H.P. eradication was higher in group B than in group A. Conclusion The addition of a probiotic formula to triple therapy significantly decreased the frequency of epigastric pain , nausea , vomiting and diarrhea Objectives : To investigate the eradication rates and side effects of probiotics added in st and ard triple therapy for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) . Methods : A prospect i ve open study was performed in the outpatient clinics of the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology , School of Medicine , Suleyman Demirel University , Isparta , Turkey between March 2012 and May 2013 . Sixty-one symptomatic children ( range 7 - 18 years ) with H. pylori infection were r and omized to 2 groups : group 1 received st and ard triple therapy ( lansoprazole , amoxicillin , and clarithromycin for 14 days ) , group 2 received the st and ard triple therapy plus probiotics ( Lactobacillus casei , Lactobacillus acidophilus , and Bifidobacterium lactis ) . Side effects of the drugs were recorded . The 14C-urea breath test was performed for 6 weeks after discontinuation of the therapy . Results : Helicobacter pylori infection was detected in 61 of 95 ( 64.2 % ) children . Fifty-six patients ( 38 girls and 18 boys ) completed the study . Their mean age was 13.9 ± 2.7 years . Helicobacter pylori eradication rate was 68.9 % in group 1 , and 66.6 % in group 2 ( p=0.78 ) . No statistically significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in terms of side effects . Conclusion : We found no evidence in terms of eradication of H. pylori , or impact on adverse effects obtained after the addition of probiotics to st and ard treatment . Larger r and omized controlled investigations are needed to clearly underst and the effects of probiotics on H. pylori eradication Goals : To determine the efficacy of triple therapy supplemented with a specially design ed fermented milk product containing specific probiotic Lactobacillus casei ( L. casei ) DN-114 001 strain on  Helicobacter pylori eradication in children . Background : Lactobacillus species possess in vitro activity against H. pylori . There are no consistent data on the impact of eradication therapy supplemented with probiotics on H. pylori cure rates in childhood in vivo . Study : Multicenter , prospect i ve , r and omized , double-blind controlled study . Eighty-six symptomatic H. pylori-positive children were r and omized either to receive the control treatment of omeprazole , amoxicillin , and clarithromycin ( OAC ) for 7 days or the test treatment of omeprazole , amoxicillin , and clarithromycin for 7 days supplemented with fermented milk ( Actimel ) containing L. casei DN-114 001 ( OAC-LC ) , for 14 days . H. pylori status was assessed at 4 weeks following therapy using two noninvasive tests . Results : Intention-to-treat ( ITT ) based eradication rates for the OAC-LC group were 84.6 % ( 95 % CI , 71.2%-95.5 % ) , and 91.6 % ( 95 % CI , 76.9%-98.2 % ) by per- protocol ( PP ) analysis . Eradication in the OAC group was 57.5 % ( 95 % CI , 42.2%-72.3 % ) in the ITT set and 61.3 % ( 95 % CI , 44.4%-75.0 % ) in the PP group . Eradication success was higher in the OAC-LC group compared with the OAC group in both ITT ( P = 0.0045 ) and PP analysis ( P = 0.0019 ) . Primary resistance for clarithromycin could be determined in 21.2 % . Side effects were infrequent . Drug compliance was good throughout the study . Conclusion : Supplementation with fermented milk , containing live special probiotic L. casei DN-114 001 , confers an enhanced therapeutic benefit on H. pylori eradication in children with gastritis on triple therapy OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical effect of proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy combined with Saccharomyces boulardii in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori ( Hp ) infection among children in terms of Hp eradication rate and incidence of adverse events . METHODS A prospect i ve r and omised controlled study was conducted on 240 children with a confirmed diagnosis of Hp infection . These patients were r and omized into triple therapy ( n=120 ) and probiotics groups ( n=120 ) . The triple therapy group received amoxicillin [ 40 mg/(kg·d ) , Tid ] , clarithromycin [ 15 mg/(kg·d ) , Bid ] and omeprazole [ 0.7 - 0.8 mg/(kg·d ) , Qd ] , while the probiotics group received Saccharomyces boulardii ( 250 mg , Bid ) in addition to triple therapy . The course of treatment was 14 days in both groups . The adverse events in subjects were recorded by their parents during treatment . Hp eradiation was evaluated by (13)C breath test at  
    Output:
    
As for the subtypes of side effects , multi-strain of Bifidobacterium infantis , Bifidobacterium longum , L. acidophilus , L. casei , Lactobacillus plantarum , Lactobacillus reuteri , L. rhamnosus , Lactobacillus salivarius , Lactobacillus sporogenes , and Streptococcus thermophilus was the best to reduce the incidence of diarrhea ; multi-strain of Bacillus mesentericus , Clostridium butyricum , and Streptococcus faecalis for loss of appetite ; multi-strain of B. longum , Lactobacillus bulgaricus , and S. thermophilus for constipation ; multi-strain of Bifidobacterium bifidum , B. infantis , L. acidophilus , L. bulgaricus , L. casei , L. reuteri , and Streptococcus for taste disturbance ; Saccharomyces boulardii for bloating ; and multi-strain of Bifidobacterium breve , B. infantis , L. acidophilus , L. bulgaricus , L. casei , L. rhamnosus , and S. thermophilus for nausea/vomiting .
Conclusions Probiotics are recommended to supplement triple therapy in pediatrics , and the effectiveness of triple therapy is associated with specific probiotic supplementation