***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: BACKGROUND The authors conducted a prospect i ve cohort study to determine whether poor glycemic control is a contraindication to implant therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes . METHODS The study sample consisted of 117 edentulous patients , each of whom received two m and ibular implants , for a total of 234 implants . Implant-retained m and ibular overdentures were loaded after a four-month healing period and followed up for an additional one year . The authors assessed implant survival and stability ( by means of resonance frequency analysis ) relative to glycated hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c ) levels , with baseline levels up to 11.1 percent and levels as high as 13.3 percent over one year . RESULTS Implant survival rates for 110 of 117 patients who were followed up for one year after loading were 99.0 percent , 98.9 percent and 100 percent , respectively , for patients who did not have diabetes ( n = 47 ) , those with well-controlled diabetes ( n = 44 ) and those with poorly controlled diabetes ( n = 19 ) . The authors considered the seven patients lost to follow-up as having had failed implants ; consequently , their conservative estimates of survival rates in the three groups were 93.0 percent , 92.6 percent and 95.0 percent ( P = .6510 ) . Two implants failed at four weeks , one in the nondiabetes group and the other in the well-controlled diabetes group . Delays in implant stabilization were related directly to poor glycemic control . CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that elevated HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes were not associated with altered implant survival one year after loading . However , alterations in early bone healing and implant stability were associated with hyperglycemia The International Journal of Implant Dentistry is a peer- review ed open access journal published under the SpringerOpen br and . The journal is dedicated to promoting the exchange and discussion of all research areas relevant to implant dentistry in the form of systematic literature or invited review s , prospect i ve and retrospective clinical studies , clinical case reports , basic laboratory and animal research , and articles on material research and engineering . Diabetes mellitus is considered a relative contra-indication for implant therapy . However , the effect of glycemic level on implant integration in persons with diabetes remains poorly understood . The hypothesis of this research was that poor glycemic control is directly related to short-term-impairment implant stabilization . This prospect i ve clinical study evaluated 10 non-diabetic individuals ( 12 implants ) and 20 persons with type 2 diabetes ( 30 implants ) . Glycated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) levels ranged from 4.7–12.6 % . Implant stability was assessed by resonance frequency analysis over 4 months following placement . Minimum stability levels were observed 2–6 weeks following placement for all 42 implants . Persons with HbA1c ≥ 8.1 % had a greater maximum decrease in stability from baseline and required a longer time for healing , as indicated by return of stability level to baseline . This study demonstrates alterations in implant stability consistent with impaired implant integration for persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus in direct relation to hyperglycemic conditions Diabetes mellitus , a prevalent disorder worldwide , is associated with systemic adverse sequelae , such as wound healing alterations , which may affect osseointegration of dental implants . This prospect i ve multicenter study assessed the success of 2-stage endosseous root-form implants ( 3 different implant systems ) placed in the m and ibular symphysis of 89 male type 2 diabetic subjects . The implants were uncovered approximately 4 months after placement , restored with an implant-supported , Hader bar clip-retained overdenture , and maintained at scheduled follow-up data collection examinations for 60 months after loading . Sixteen ( 9.0 % ) of the 178 implants failed . Life table methods calculated implant survival at approximately 88 % , from prosthesis placement through the 60-month follow-up , and at approximately 90 % from implant placement through the observation period . No implants failed between surgical placement and uncovering , 5 failed at uncovering , 7 failed after uncovering before prosthesis placement , and 4 failed after prosthesis placement . Fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ) and glycosylated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) values were determined before implant placement ( baseline ) and approximately 4 months later at surgical uncovering ( follow-up ) . The 5-year implant outcomes ( successes versus failures ) were analyzed against the following predictor variables : ( 1 ) baseline and follow-up FPG values , ( 2 ) baseline and follow-up HbA1c values , ( 3 ) subject age , ( 4 ) duration of diabetes ( years ) , ( 5 ) baseline diabetic therapy , ( 6 ) smoking history , and ( 7 ) implant length . Regression analysis found only duration of diabetes ( P < .025 ) and implant length ( P < .001 ) to be statistically significant predictors of implant failure . There was no statistically significant difference in failure rates between the 3 different implant systems used . This study supports the use of dental implants in type 2 diabetic patients BACKGROUND The authors conducted a prospect i ve cohort study to explore the relationship between implant success and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus . METHODS The authors used a two-phased enrollment , stratified by glycated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) levels , to evaluate 50 implants in 35 subjects . The authors assessed nonsubmerged , nonrestored implants after placement , during healing and at abutment placement ( 35 newton centimeters ) for restoration after four months . Outcomes assessed included implant success or failure , clinical complications and adverse events . RESULTS The HbA1c levels of the subjects ranged from 4.5 to 13.8 percent . All 50 implants were integrated clinical ly . The authors identified three minor complications in three patients having HbA1c levels ranging from 7.4 to 8.3 percent . None of these complications affected the clinical management of the cases , and the authors did not identify any adverse events . CONCLUSIONS There was no evidence of diminished clinical success or significant early healing complications associated with implant therapy based on the glycemic control levels of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus . CLINICAL IMPLICATION S These findings support the continued investigation of the effects of glycemic control on implant therapy toward the development of therapeutic guidelines that will optimize implant therapy in patients with diabetes OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential for a chemically modified S and blasted , Large grit , Acid etched ( SLA ) surface , compared with a conventional SLA surface , to enhance implant healing and integration in poorly controlled diabetic patients , a group previously demonstrated to have compromises and delays in implant stabilization during the metabolically active healing period following implant placement . MATERIAL S AND METHODS The study enrolled 24 patients with type 2 diabetes , baseline HbA1c levels between 7.5 - 11.4 % , and a minimum of two posterior m and ibular tooth sites at least 4 months following extraction and appropriate for implant placement . Each patient , at a r and omly selected site , received an implant with the conventional SLA surface ; at the second site , the patient received an implant with the chemically modified SLA ( modSLA ) surface . Thus , 48 study implants were placed . Implant stability was assessed using Resonance Frequency Analysis ( RFA ) . Readings were taken from the buccal and proximal directions for each implant . Implant stability ( ISQ ) was assessed at the time of surgical placement ( baseline ) and 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , and 16 weeks following implant placement . RESULTS No significant differences in implant stability were observed between conventional SLA implants and modSLA implants , and the time courses of implant stabilization following implant placement were similar for the two implant types . Baseline ISQ and minimum ISQ was slightly higher in subjects with higher HbA1c levels , but were similar during 12 - 16 weeks following implant placement . Forty-seven ( 98 % ) of the 48 implants were determined to be successfully osseointegrated and continued to restoration . CONCLUSION Implant stabilization was similar for the conventional SLA and chemically modified SLA implants in type 2 diabetic patients with relatively poor glycemic control . Furthermore , this study demonstrated clinical ly successful implant placement even in poorly controlled diabetic patients PURPOSE To investigate the effect of type-2 diabetes on implant survival and complication rate . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Prospect i ve study enrolling type-2 diabetic patients suffering from edentulism , having a mean perioperative HbA1c level of 7.2 % , and compliant with a maintenance program . All the patients underwent dental and periodontal examinations and had laboratory testing for HbA1c , fasting plasma glucose , blood lipids , and microalbuminuria . Nondiabetic patients matched for implant treatment indication served as controls . The influence of clinical diabetes-related factors and periodontal parameters ( Plaque Index , bleeding on probing , probing depth ) on implant survival were assessed via univariate then multivariate methods . RESULTS Forty-five diabetic patients , followed for 1 to 12 years , mean age 64.7 years , received 255 implants : 143 following a classical protocol and 112 in cases of sinus floor elevation , immediate loading , and guided bone regeneration . Forty-five nondiabetic control patients received 244 implants : 142 following a classical protocol and 102 in cases of advanced surgery .  Implant survival following conventional or advanced implant therapy was not statistically different between the well-controlled ( HbA1c < 7 % , P = .33 ) and the fairly well-controlled group ( HbA1c 7 % to 9 % , P = .37 ) . The overall survival rate for the diabetic group was 97.2 % ( control 98.8 % ) and was not significantly different for age , gender , diabetes duration , smoking , or type of hypoglycemic therapy . The mean peri-implant bone loss was 0.41 + /- 0.58 mm ( control , 0.49 + /- 0.64 mm ) . PI and BOP fairly correlated with postoperative complications . HbA1c was the only multivariate independent factor affecting the complication rate ( P = .04 ) . No statistically significant difference was found for patients ( P = .81 ) or for implants ( P = .66 ) for the advanced surgery cases or the conventional approach in diabetic patients compared to nondiabetic patients BACKGROUND Because the life expectancy of individuals continues to increase , dentists providing dental implant treatment can expect to see an increasing number of patients with diabetes mellitus . Today , there are little data available concerning the clinical outcomes involving the use of implant treatment for patients with diabetes mellitus . There are three types of diabetes mellitus : Type 1 ( insulin dependent ) , Type 2 ( non-insulin dependent ) , and gestational . Because of possible complications from patients with diabetes mellitus , they are excluded from participation in most clinical studies of endosseous dental implant survival . METHODS This study attempted to determine if Type 2 diabetes represents a significant risk factor to the long-term clinical performance of dental implants , using the comprehensive DICRG data base . Diabetes was a possible exclusion criterion ; however , the final decision on Type 2 patients was left to the dental implant team at the research center . A total of 2,887 implants ( 663 patients ) were surgically placed , restored , and followed for a period of 36 months . Of these , 2,632 ( 91 % ) implants were placed in non-diabetic patients and 255 ( 8.8 % ) in Type 2 patients . Failures ( survival ) were compared using descriptive data . Possible clustering was also studied . RESULTS A model assuming independence showed that implants in Type 2 patients have significantly more failures ( P = 0.020 ) . However , if correlations among implants within the patient are considered , the significance level becomes marginal ( P = 0.046 ) . The experience of the surgeon did not produce a clinical ly significant improvement in implant survival . The use of chlorhexidine rinses following implant placement result ed in a slight improvement ( 2.5 % ) in survival in non-Type 2 patients and a greater improvement in Type 2 patients ( 9.1 % ) ; the use of preoperative antibiotics improved survival by 4.5 % in non-Type 2 patients and 10.5 % in Type 2 patients . The use of HA-coated implants improved survival by 13.2 % in Type 2 diabetics . CONCLUSION Type 2 diabetic patients tend to have more failures than non-diabetic patients ; however , the influence was marginally significant . These findings need to be confirmed by other scientific clinical studies with a larger Type 2 diabetic sample size BACKGROUND The poor glycemic status seems to be an important factor affecting implant complication rates , including peri-implant bone loss . PURPOSE This trial evaluated the influence of glycemic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) patients on implant stabilization and on the levels of bone markers in peri-implant fluid during the healing . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Systemically healthy patients ( SH 
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We conclude that patients with poorly controlled diabetes suffer from impaired osseointegration , elevated risk of peri-implantitis , and higher level of implant failure .
The influence of duration of the disease is not fully clear .
The supportive administration of antibiotics and chlorhexidine seems to improve implant success .
When diabetes is under well control , implant procedures are safe and predictable with a complication rate similar to that of healthy patients