***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Background Recent studies have cast doubt on the effectiveness and efficiency of school based dental screening programmes in improving dental attendance or improving dental health . In 2002 the National Dental Inspection Programme was introduced in Scotl and which categorises children by their dental health and informs parents of the findings via a personalised letter home and encourages dental registration . In addition , epidemiological data for local and national planning purpose s is collected . This replaced an earlier school screening system in Lothian where a generic letter urging registration was sent to children who were identified as not being registered with a dentist . The objective of this study is to compare dental registration s rates among unregistered children in these two school inspection systems with a system where letters were sent home but no dental inspection was carried out . Methods The study was design ed as a single blinded , cluster r and omised , controlled trial involving 12,765 12–13-year-old children attending all 65 state Secondary schools in Lothian and Fife during the academic year 2003/4.After stratifying for school size and range of social deprivation , schools were r and omly allocated to one of four groups:1 . ' Traditional ' inspection , letter to unregistered children only,2 . Letter sent home to unregistered children only , no inspection,3 . National Dental Inspection Programme , letter to all children,4 . Control group in which the children were neither inspected nor sent a letter .  Dental Registration status was compared at baseline and 3 months post inspection . Results The registration levels in both the ' Traditional ' screening and the NDIP inspection groups rose 3 months post inspection ( 14 % and 15.8 % respectively ) but were not significantly different from one another or the control group which rose by 15.8 % ( p > 0.05 ) . The group who were sent a letter home but were not inspected also has a rise in registration levels of 18.1 % which was not significantly different from either of the groups who were inspected or the control group ( p > 0.05 ) . The only significant predictors of registration were previous registration ( p < 0.05 ) and within those who previously registered , the length of time since last registration ( P < 0.001 ) . Conclusion Neither of the two dental inspection methods nor a letter home to unregistered children result ed in a significant rise in registration rates in 12–13-year-olds compared to a control group of children who received no intervention Dental  screening of children in schools is undertaken in many countries . There is no evidence that this activity is effective . The objective of our study was to determine if school dental screening of children reduces untreated disease or improves attendance at the population level . A four-arm cluster-r and omized controlled trial was undertaken in the northwest of Engl and . In total , 16,864 children aged 6–9 years in 168 schools were r and omly allocated to 3 test groups , which received screening according to different models , and a control , which received no intervention . There were no significant differences in caries increment in the primary and secondary dentitions or in the proportions of children attending a dentist after screening between the control group and the 3 intervention arms . School dental screening delivered according to 3 different models was not effective at reducing levels of active caries and increasing attendance in the population under study The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a screening program and referral system in stimulating dental attendance of children in need of treatment at Bapuji Dental College and Hospital of Davangere , India . A total of fourteen schools in the Davangere area were selected r and omly and divided into two groups : seven schools that had a dental screening program ( study group , n=2100 children ) , and seven schools that did not have one ( control group , n=2400 children ) . The attendance rate by members of the study group was determined during the three-month period from the date of initiating the school screening program . During this same period the students who visited the college from the control group underwent a dental examination . Chi-square tests were used to test the difference between different variables . The response rate for seeking treatment was 31 percent for the study group ( 34.2 percent for males ; 26.2 percent for females ) and 10 percent for the control group ( 9.6 percent for males ; 10.5 percent for females ) . In both the groups , the treatment need was highest for dental caries ( study group=36.3 percent , control group=11.1 percent ) and least for fluorosis ( study group=21.2 percent , control group=1.2 percent ) . The study demonstrated that  screening  and motivation significantly improved the percentage of school children who sought dental care UNLABELLED The school dental screening programme has been in existence from the beginning of the 20th century yet its value in encouraging attendance among children with a dental health need is not fully established . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of school dental screening in promoting dental attendance among children with a treatment need and to examine the relative importance of screening , social class and other factors in dental attendance . METHODS Sixty-four participating schools were assigned to study and control groups using a stratified , blocked r and omisation technique . The study group children received the st and ard school dental screening and the dental attendance of those with a positive screening result was assessed after 2 months by means of a question naire issued to the children 's parents . The control group children were not , at this stage , screened , yet their parents received the same question naire assessing dental attendance  over the 2-month period . However , only question naires from control group children who had a positive result at a subsequent screening were retained for analysis . RESULTS A total of 2,321 children were screened , with 980 having a positive result . The mean dmft of those screening positive was 4.85 . In all , 664 completed question naires were returned , giving a response rate of 67.8 % . Dental attendance was reported among 45.5 % of the study group ( n=352 ) in the 2 months following screening . In the same period , 27.6 % of the control group ( n=312 ) cl aim ed attendance . The effect was found to be significant among the high employed group ( P<0.01 ) and the unemployed group ( P<0.05 ) . CONCLUSION School dental screening was capable of stimulating dental attendance . The strong effect among the lowest socio-economic group shows that school dental screening may be used to decrease dental health inequalities 
    Output:
    
Conclusions : There is evidence of marginally increased dental attendance rate of 16 % following screening .