***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of ademetionine for treatment of cholestatic or mixed-type drug-induced liver disease ( DILD ) in children . METHODS The children with DILD were divided into the treated group and control group . Yinzhihuang Granule was orally administered and Compound Glycyrrhizin Injection intravenously given in patients of both groups . Those patients in the treated group were additionally treated with intravenous infusion of 250 - 1000 mg ademetionine for 28 d. The incidence of pruritus and adverse effects as well as biochemical parameters in all the patients and compared between the 2 groups . For statistical analysis , Chi2 test was used for between-group comparison and t test for processing the data . RESULTS 1 ) Before treatment , severe pruritus was found in 17 and 16 children in the treated and control group , respectively . Two weeks after the treatment , the symptom was significantly relieved in 14 and 3 patients in the treated and control group , respectively ( Chi2 = 4.52 , P < 0.05 ) . 2 ) As for comparisons between the 2 groups , a P value of 0.0014 for AST level was found 4 weeks , 0.045 and 0.007 for disappearance and recovery rate of jaundice , 0.0014 and 0.0006 for decrease in TBA level and 0.0003 for gammaGT level 2 and 4 weeks after the treatment . CONCLUSION Intravenous administration of ademetionine is safe in children with DILD and it can effectively alleviate pruritus , promote the recovery of various biochemical parameters and fasten liver functional recovery in these children . Therefore , ademetionine can be widely used for treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis in children BACKGROUND / AIM The efficacy of S-adenosylmethionine ( AdoMet ) in the treatment of liver cell injury has been demonstrated in several experimental models . The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of AdoMet treatment in human alcoholic liver cirrhosis . METHODS A r and omized , double-blind trial was performed in 123 patients treated with AdoMet ( 1200 mg/day , orally ) or placebo for 2 years . All patients had alcoholic cirrhosis , and histologic confirmation of the diagnosis was available in 84 % of the cases . Seventy-five patients were in Child class A , 40 in class B , and 8 in class C. Sixty-two patients received  AdoMet and 61 received placebo . RESULTS At inclusion into the trial no significant differences were observed between the two groups with respect to sex , age , previous episodes of major complications of cirrhosis , Child classification and liver function tests . The overall mortality/liver transplantation at the end of the trial decreased from 30 % in the placebo group to 16 % in the AdoMet group , although the difference was not statistically significant ( p = 0.077 ) . When patients in Child C class were excluded from the analysis , the overall mortality/liver transplantation was significantly greater in the placebo group than in the AdoMet group ( 29 % vs. 12 % , p = 0.025 ) , and differences between the two groups in the 2-year survival curves ( defined as the time to death or liver transplantation ) were also statistically significant ( p = 0.046 ) . CONCLUSIONS The present results indicate that long-term treatment with AdoMet may improve survival or delay liver transplantation in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis , especially in those with less advanced liver disease BACKGROUND S-adenosyl-L-methionine ( SAM ) is the methyl donor for all methylation reactions and regulates the synthesis of glutathione , the main cellular antioxidant . Previous experimental studies suggested that SAM may benefit patients with established alcoholic liver diseases ( ALDs ) . The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of SAM in treatment for ALD in a 24-week trial . The primary endpoints were changes in serum aminotransferase levels and liver histopathology scores , and the secondary endpoints were changes in serum levels of methionine metabolites . METHODS We r and omized 37 patients with ALD to receive 1.2 g of SAM by mouth or placebo daily . Subjects were required to remain abstinent from alcohol drinking . A baseline liver biopsy was performed in 24 subjects , and a posttreatment liver biopsy was performed in 14 subjects . RESULTS Fasting serum SAM levels were increased over timed intervals in the SAM treatment group . The entire cohort showed an overall improvement of AST , ALT , and bilirubin levels after 24 weeks of treatment , but there were no differences between the treatment groups in any clinical or biochemical parameters nor any intra- or intergroup differences or changes in liver histopathology scores for steatosis , inflammation , fibrosis , and Mallory-Denk hyaline bodies . CONCLUSIONS Whereas abstinence improved liver function , 24 weeks of therapy with SAM was no more effective than placebo in the treatment for ALD OBJECTIVE To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Yinchenghao decoction ( YCHD ) and S-adenosy-L-methionine ( SAM ) in treating intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy ( ICP ) and improving prognosis of perinatal newborn babies . METHODS Sixty in- patients of ICP were r and omly divided into two groups , the group A treated with YCHD and the group B treated with SAM . The symptom of itching and serum biochemical indexes , including glycocholic acid , bilirubin and transaminase , were observed after 3 weeks treatment , and the prognosis of perinatal newborn babies between the two groups was compared after delivery . RESULTS After treatment , the symptom of itching , serum levels of glycocholic acid , bilirubin and transaminase improved significantly ( P < 0.05 ) in both groups , and the prognosis of newborn in the two groups was similar ( P > 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION Both YCHD and SAM could effectively treat ICP . The former is rather cheaper , so it is more feasible for spreading BACKGROUND There have been no studies evaluating the efficacy and potential risks of stronger neo-minophagen C ( SNMC ) in pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B CHB . MATERIAL / METHODS A total of 36 pregnant women with CHB , but without severe complications , were r and omized to intravenously receive SNMC or S-adenosyl-L-methionine ( SAM ) daily for 4 weeks or until birth . Normalization of serum alanine transaminase ( ALT ) and aspartate transaminase ( AST ) levels and changes in ALT and AST levels from baseline were determined . All neonates were regularly examined for up to 1 year . RESULTS Treatment with SNMC and SAM result ed in normalization of ALT levels at 4 weeks in 64.3 % and 21.4 % of patients , respectively ( OR=6.60 , 95 % CI : 1.23 - 35.44 , P=0.0540 ) . SNMC and SAM significantly decreased ALT ( from 558.28+/-390.24 to 47.07+/-24.94 IU/L , P<0.0001 and from 525.61+/-483.87 to 117.43+/-85.44 IU/L , P=0.0041 , respectively ) and AST ( from 419.72+/-409.49 to 38.14+/-18.87 IU/L , P=0.0016 , and from 510.78+/-621.58 to 79.93+/-63.25 IU/L , P=0.0152 , respectively ) at 4 weeks relative to baseline values . Hypokalemia was observed in 4 SNMC-treated patients and in 2 SAM-treated patients and hypernatremia in 3 SNMC-treated and in 3 SAM-treated patients . Hypertension was observed in 1 SNMC-treated patient . There was no significant difference in the volume of amniotic fluid or meconium between SNMC-treated and SAM-treated groups . All the neonates were physically normal at birth and at the 1-year follow-up examination . CONCLUSIONS Both SNMC and SAM improve liver function , with SNMC appearing more effective , in pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B without impact on fetal development Objective To compare the efficacy of S‐adenosyl‐l‐methionine and ursodeoxycholic acid in improving serum biochemical abnormalities in gestational cholestasis UNLABELLED SEATING : Department of Obstet . Gynecol . , 2nd Medical School Charles University and Teaching Hospital Motol , Prague , Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion Prague , Department of Clin . Bioch . General Teaching Hospital and 1st Medical School , Charles University Prague , Czech Republic . AIM OF THE STUDY To compare the efficacy of the monotherapy with ursodeoxycholic acid and S- adenosyl-L-methione with combined effect of both drugs in the treatment in pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy . METHODOLOGY All women with singleton pregnancy at < 36 weeks of gestation with moderate or severe form of ICP during January 1999 to June 2005 were enrolled . All were r and omly assigned oral ursodeoxycholic acid ( UDCA ) 3 x 250 mg daily or 500 mg S-adenosyl-L-methione ( SAMe ) twice daily in slow running infusion for twelve days ongoing oral 500 mg twice daily until delivery . Haematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated every week . Intensive monitoring of the fetus with cardiotocography and utrasound were accompanied . RESULTS Of the 78 women enrolled , 25 received SAMe  and 26  UDCA monotherapy . 27 women received combined therapy with both drugs . At enrolment , gestational age , duration of therapy , parity and biochemical characteristics were similar in the groups . All types of therapy improve the pruritus . The combined therapy and the monotherapy with UDCA led to improving of the serum concentrations of bile acids , asparate aminotranspherase , alanine aminotranspherase compared with monotherapy with SAMe . The differencies were statisticaly significant ( p>0.01 ) . The combined therapy led to quicker decrease of serum concentrations of bile acids and transaminases compared with UDCA monotherapy , however the results are only of borderline statistical significance . Gestational age at the time of labor and rate of prematurity were similar in all groups . No adverse effects were noted on the fetuses or neonates with either therapy . CONCLUSIONS Ursodeoxycholic acid is effective in improving the biochemical parametres during the treatment of ICP . There is probably the synergistic effect with S adenosyl-L-methione . Whether the successful treatment influence the conditions of the fetus is not clear . The good perinatal outocome is probably more due to the precise monitoring of the intrauterine well-being of the fetus BACKGROUND / AIMS Hepatectomy is associated with high rates of postoperative liver dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis . Since S-adenosyl-L-methionine ( SAMe ) can be used to treat liver disease , we performed a prospect i ve clinical trial to investigate whether it could be used after hepatectomy to benefit residual liver function . METHODOLOGY We studied 79 hepatitis-related chronic patients who underwent resection of hepatocellular carcinoma ; 39 patients were r and omly assigned to receive postoperative intravenous SAMe treatment , and 40 were r and omly assigned to a control group .  The postoperative SAMe treatment consisted of SAMe 1,000 mg given intravenously for seven days . The other treatment was st and ardized . RESULTS At inclusion into the trial no significant differences were observed between the two groups with respect to gender , age , Child classification , preoperative liver function tests , blood loss , total time of hepatic pedicle occlusion and the extent of liver resection . The overall frequency of postoperative liver insufficiency decreased from 42 % in the control group to 31 % in the SAMe group , although not statistically significant ( p=0.121 ) . When the patients who underwent hepatic pedicle occlusion by Pringle ’s maneuver over 15min were analyzed , the frequency of postoperative liver insufficiency ( p=0.028 ) , serum total bilirubin levels on days 5 ( p=0.025 ) and 7 ( p=0.032 ) preoperatively , and the maximum value of postoperative serum total bilirubin ( p=0.040 ) were significantly greater in the control than in the SAMe group . CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that the postoperative SAMe therapy can benefit residual liver function of the patients with cirrhosis , especially in those suffering greater ischemia reperfusion injury OBJECTIVE To observe the efficacy and safety of ademetionine in the treatment of viral hepatitis with intrahepatic biliary stasis . METHODS In this series , 110 patients with viral hepatitis associated intrahepatic biliary stasis were r and omly divided into Groups A and B. Patients in Group A received ademetionine for four weeks . Patients in Group B received potassium magnesium aspart 
    Output:
    
For liver function , certain results obtained from data synthesis and independent comparisons demonstrated significant differences between the levels of total bilirubin ( TBIL ) and aspartate transaminase ( AST ) .
Furthermore , the results regarding  ursodeoxycholic acid ( UDCA ) and stronger neo-minophagen C ( SNMC ) indicated that both treatments were more effective than SAMe  was in certain chronic liver diseases .
These findings suggest that SAMe could be used as the basis of a medication regimen for liver function improvement because of its safety .
However , SAMe also demonstrated limited clinical value in the treatment of certain chronic liver diseases