***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Purpose : This phase II study was conducted to assess the efficacy of temozolomide in patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) . Experimental Design : Patients with disease progression after one or two prior chemotherapy regimens received temozolomide at 75 mg/m2/d for 21 days of a 28-day cycle . The primary endpoint was the overall response rate [ ORR ; complete response ( CR ) plus partial response ( PR ) ] , which was evaluated separately in sensitive and refractory cohorts . In the available tissue , we assessed O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase ( MGMT ) promoter methylation status by PCR and MGMT expression by immunohistochemistry . Results : Sixty-four patients were accrued : 48 patients in the sensitive cohort and 16 in the refractory group . One CR and 10 PRs were noted in sensitive patients [ ORR , 23 % ; 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) , 12%–37 % ] . Two PRs were seen in the refractory cohort ( ORR , 13 % ; 95 % CI , 2%–38 % ) . As second- and third-line treatment , the ORR was 22 % ( 95 % CI , 9%–40 % ) and 19 % ( 95 % CI , 7%–36 % ) , respectively . Among patients with target brain lesions , 38 % had a CR or PR ( 95 % CI , 14%–68 % ) . Grade ≥3 thrombocytopenia and neutropenia were observed in nine patients ( 14 % ) . A greater number of cases with methylated MGMT had a response compared to those with unmethylated MGMT ( 38 % vs. 7 % ; P = 0.08 ) . Conclusion : Temozolomide has activity in relapsed SCLC , particularly for brain metastases . Response to temozolomide may correlate with MGMT methylation in SCLC . Clin Cancer Res ; 18(4 ) ; 1138–45 . © 2012 AACR BACKGROUND AND METHODS Cisplatin ( cis-diamminedichloroplatinum ) has been reported to enhance the cell-killing effect of radiation , an effect whose intensity varies with the schedule of administration . We r and omly assigned 331 patients with nonmetastatic inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer to one of three treatments : radiotherapy for two weeks ( 3 Gy given 10 times , in five fractions a week ) , followed by a three-week rest period and then radiotherapy for two more weeks ( 2.5 Gy given 10 times , five fractions a week ) ; radiotherapy on the same schedule , combined with 30 mg of cisplatin per square meter of body-surface area , given on the first day of each treatment week ; or radiotherapy on the same schedule , combined with 6 mg of cisplatin per square meter , given daily before radiotherapy . RESULTS Survival was significantly improved in the radiotherapy-daily-cisplatin group as compared with the radiotherapy group ( P = 0.009 ) : survival in the radiotherapy-daily-cisplatin group was 54 percent at one year , 26 percent at two years , and 16 percent at three years , as compared with 46 percent , 13 percent , and 2 percent , respectively , in the radiotherapy group . Survival in the radiotherapy-weekly-cisplatin group was intermediate ( 44 percent , 19 percent , and 13 percent ) and not significantly different from survival in either of the other two groups . The survival benefit of daily combined treatment was due to improved control of local disease ( P = 0.003 ) . Survival without local recurrence was 59 percent at one year and 31 percent at two years in the radiotherapy-daily-cisplatin group ; 42 percent and 30 percent , respectively , in the radiotherapy-weekly-cisplatin group ; and 41 percent and 19 percent , respectively , in the radiotherapy group . Cisplatin induced nausea and vomiting in 86 percent of the patients given it weekly and in 78 percent of those given it daily ; these effects were severe in 26 percent and 28 percent , respectively . CONCLUSIONS Cisplatin , given daily in combination with the radiotherapy described here to patients with nonmetastatic but inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer , improved rates of survival and control of local disease at the price of substantial side effects 
    Output:
    
OS and PFS did not significantly differ between combination therapy and WBRT alone .
No advantages of concurrent WBRT and TMZ were observed in breast cancer patients with brain metastases .
Combination therapy was associated with improved ORR in NSCLC patients , especially in Chinese patients .
As a “ surrogate endpoint ” for OS , ORR may allow a conclusion to be made about the management of NSCLC with brain metastases with the combination of WBRT and TMZ .