***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Objectives Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy ( CIPN ) can produce severe neurological deficits and neuropathic pain and is a potential reason for terminating or suspending chemotherapy treatments . Specific and effective curative treatments are lacking . Methods A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effect of acupuncture  on CIPN as measured by changes in nerve conduction studies ( NCS ) in six patients treated with acupuncture for 10 weeks in addition to best medical care and five control patients who received the best medical care but no specific treatment for CIPN .  Results In five of the six patients treated with acupuncture , NCS improved after treatment . In the control group , three of five patients did not show any difference in NCS , one patient improved and one showed impaired NCS . Conclusion The data suggest that acupuncture has a positive effect on CIPN . The encouraging results of this pilot study justify a r and omised controlled trial of acupuncture in CIPN on the basis of NCS No causal treatment for chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy ( CIPN ) is known . Therefore , there is an urgent need to develop a therapy for CIPN . Only scarce clinical data are available concerning magnetic field therapy ( MFT ) in this context . We conducted a unicentric , r and omized , double‐blind , placebo‐controlled phase‐III trial of an MFT device versus placebo . In this study , we r and omized 44 patients with CIPN to two treatment groups , where 21 patients were treated with MFT ( Group 1 ) and 23 patients received placebo ( Group 2 ) . We evaluated the efficacy of MFT at baseline ( T1 ) , after 3 weeks of study treatment ( T2 ) , and after 3 months of study treatment ( T3 ) . The primary endpoint was nerve conduction velocity ( NCV ) , while secondary endpoints were the Common Toxicity Criteria ( CTCAE ) score and the Pain Detect End Score at T3 . Seventeen of the patients in Group 1 and 14 patients in Group 2 completed the respective study treatment . The primary endpoint , significant improvement of NCV at T3 , was achieved by MFT ( P = 0.015 ) , particularly for sensory neurotoxicity of the peroneal nerve . Also , in respect to the secondary endpoints , significant improvement ( P = 0.04 ) was achieved in terms of the patients ’ subjectively perceived neurotoxicity ( CTCAE score ) , but not of neuropathic pain ( P = 0.11 ) . From data in the r and omized study presented here , a positive effect on the reduction of neurotoxicity can be assumed for the MFT device . Patients with sensory neurotoxicity in the lower limbs , especially , should therefore be offered this therapy . Bioelectromagnetics . 38:85–94 , 2017 . © 2016 The Authors . Bioelectromagnetics published by Wiley Periodicals , Aim To clinical ly evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture when used in the management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy ( PN ) . Background During cancer treatment , certain chemotherapies can cause varying degrees of PN . Patients ’ quality of life can be seriously impaired through loss of sensation , pain or mobility problems . Conventional medications routinely used to manage neuropathic symptoms have poor side-effect profiles and there is little or no evidence justifying their use to treat chemotherapy-related neurotoxicities . There are studies suggesting that acupuncture may be an effective therapy in treating PN across a number of different aetiologies . Design A retrospective service evaluation . Method Patients ( n=18 ) were referred for acupuncture by the medical staff and /ornurse specialists or they self-referred for treatment . A course of six weekly acupuncture sessions was offered to them , and their details were recorded on an evaluation form prior to session one . Points were selected by acupuncturists , based on patient presentation , and needles remained in situ for 30–45 min . Treatments took place in outpatient clinics , chemotherapy day case ward or a drop-in clinic based in a physiotherapy gym . The evaluation form was completed at the end of session 6 by a therapist who had not been involved in patient care . Results 82 % ( n=14 ) of patients reported an improvement in symptoms following their course of acupuncture ; one patient with advanced disease died during the 6 weeks . Some patients derived additional benefits from the treatment including a reduction in analgesic use and improved sleeping patterns . The most common acupoints used were SP6 ( n=18 ) , ST36 ( n=18 ) and LV3 ( n=14 ) . Conclusion Although these results are encouraging , they are uncontrolled . They suggest that acupuncture could be an option for these patients and controlled trials using vali date d patient-reported outcome measures are justified Dose-limiting peripheral neuropathy ( PN ) is frequently reported with the use of thalidomide and bortezomib , novel proteasome inhibitors . While these two agents have significant activity in multiple myeloma ( MM ) , the combination and the associated PN have not been fully examined in untreated patients . The objective of this study was to report the baseline prevalence and occurrence of PN in newly diagnosed MM patients treated with bortezomib and thalidomide . Twenty-seven patients ( 11 men and 16 women ) with previously untreated MM were prospect ively monitored for PN . Total neuropathy score reduced ( TNSr ) was calculated at baseline and after every two cycles of bortezomib treatment . The median cumulative dose of bortezomib was 35.6 mg/m(2 ) ( median 8 cycles ) and of thalidomide was 16.8 g. Only three subjects showed mild PN at baseline ( whole group median TNSr 0 ) . At the end of treatment , PN developed in 26 patients ( median TNSr 8) . PN was of mild to moderate severity ( TNSr grade 1 = 11 , grade 2 = 10 , grade 3 = 5 , and grade 4 = 0 ) . Nerve conduction studies showed axonal physiology in all except three subjects in whom demyelinating physiology was noted . The median TNSr was 17 in the demyelinating group and 9 in the axonal group . There was no significant correlation of TNSr with cumulative bortezomib or thalidomide dose . At follow-up , 80 % of patients had become asymptomatic after discontinuation of the chemotherapy . We conclude that bortezomib and thalidomide combination chemotherapy induces a reversible length-dependent sensory > motor , predominantly axonal , large-fiber > small-fiber polyneuropathy . In a subset , a more severe demyelinating polyneuropathy may develop Background This single-arm study evaluated feasibility , safety , and initial efficacy of electroacupuncture for thalidomide/bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy ( PN ) in cancer patients with multiple myeloma . Methods Patients with neuropathy ≥ grade 2 received 20 acupuncture treatments over 9 weeks . Results For the 19 evaluable patients  , Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecological Oncology Group-Neurotoxicity ( FACT/GOG/NTX ) mean ( SD ) scores improved significantly between baseline and week 13 ( 20.8 [ 9.6 ] vs 13.2 [ 8.5 ] , p = 0.0002 ) . Moderate effect size differences began on week 4 , with the largest effect size differences found at week 9 for FACT/GOG/NTX scores , worst pain in the last 24 hours , and pain severity ( Cohen ’s d = 1.43 , 1.19 , and 1.08 , respectively ) and continuing through week 13 ( Cohen ’s d = 0.86 , 0.88 , and 0.90 , respectively ) . From baseline to week 13 , additional significant improvements were seen as follows : postural stability ( 1.0 [ 0.6 ] vs 0.8 [ 0.4 ] , p = 0.02 ) ; coin test ( 10.0 [ 7.4 ] vs 5.6 [ 1.9 ] , p < 0.0001 ) ; button test ( 96.1 [ 144.4 ] vs 54.9 [ 47.3 ] , p < 0.0001 ) ; and walking test ( 21.6 [ 10.0 ] vs 17.2 [ 7.7 ] , p = 0.0003 ) . No significant changes were seen with NCS . Conclusions Acupuncture may help patients experiencing thalidomide- or bortezomib-induced PN . Larger , r and omized , clinical trials are needed . Trial registration Clinical Trials.gov Identifier : NCT00891618 This prospect i ve study sought to identify the potential reversibility of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy ( OXAIPN ) by following-up its long-term course 2 years after discontinuation of oxaliplatin (OXA)-based chemotherapy .  Participants were 91 colorectal cancer patients treated with OXA-based chemotherapy .  Neurological assessment , clinical Total Neuropathy Score © ( TNSc © ) and nerve conduction studies were performed at baseline ( T0 ) , the end of chemotherapy ( T1 ) and 2 years ( T2 ) after discontinuation of chemotherapy . A total of 73 of 91 ( 80 % ) patients experienced OXAIPN at T1 . At a median follow-up of 25 months , persistence of chronic OXAIPN was present in 61 of 73 patients ( 84 % ) and complete resolution was present in 12 patients ( 17 % ) . Longitudinal comparison of TNSc © values between T1 and T2 revealed that the overall severity of OXAIPN in those 61 patients significantly decreased over time . Median TNSc © values were nine ( range : 2 - 15 ) at T1 vs. four ( range : 2 - 12 ) at T2 ( P < 0.001 ) . Likewise , sensory nerve conduction measures at T2 significantly improved in all sensory nerves tested , compared with T1 . Severity of OXAIPN at T2 was significantly associated ( P < 0.001 ) with high severity of OXAIPN at T1 . In conclusion , persistence of OXAIPN beyond 2 years after finishing chemotherapy is common . Clinical and neurophysiological improvement is observed , although recovery is often incomplete Purpose Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy ( CIPN ) , a common side effect of chemotherapy , needs better effective treatments . Preliminary data support the use of Scrambler therapy , a device which treats pain via noninvasive cutaneous electrostimulation , for the treatment of CIPN . The current manuscript reports data from a pilot trial , performed to investigate the effect of Scrambler therapy for the treatment of established CIPN . Methods Eligible patients had CIPN symptoms of ≥1 month duration with tingling and /or pain ≥4/10 during the prior week . Patients were treated with Scrambler therapy to the affected area(s ) for up to ten daily 30-min sessions . Symptoms were monitored using a neuropathy question naire consisting of numerical analog scales ranging from 0 to 10 , daily before therapy as well as weekly for 10 weeks after therapy . Descriptive summary statistics formed the basis of data analysis . Results Thirty-seven patients were enrolled . Twenty-five patients were treated primarily on their lower extremities while 12 were treated primarily on their upper extremities . There was a 53 % reduction in pain score from baseline to day 10 ; a 44 % reduction in tingling ; and a 37 % reduction in numbness . Benefit appeared to last throughout 10 weeks of follow-up . There were no substantial adverse events . Conclusion Preliminary data support that Scrambler therapy may be effective for the treatment of CIPN : a prospect i ve placebo-controlled clinical trial should be performed CONTEXT Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy ( CIPN ) is a major dose-limiting and persistent consequence of numerous classes of antineoplastic agents , affecting up to 30%-40 % of patients . To date , there is no effective prevention or therapy . An evolving hypothesis for reducing CIPN pain involves direct nerve stimulation to reduce the pain impulse . OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact on CIPN associated with the MC5-A Calmare ® therapy device . METHODS The MC5-A Calmare ® therapy device is design ed to generate a patient-specific cutaneous electrostimulation to reduce the abnormal pain intensity . Sixteen patients from one center received one-hour interventions daily over 10 working days . RESULTS Of 18 patients , 16 were evaluable . The mean age of the patients was 58.6 years-four men and 14 women- and the duration of CIPN was three months to eight years . The most common drugs were taxanes , platinums , and bortezomib ( Velcade , Millenium Pharmaceuticals , Cambridge MA ) . At the end of the study ( Day 10 ) , a 20 % reduction in numeric pain scores was achieved in 15 of 16 patients . The pain score fell 59 % from 5.81±1.11 before treatment to 2.38±1.82 at the end of 10 days ( P<0.0001 by paired t-test ) . A daily treatment benefit was seen with a strong statistically significant difference between the pre- and post-daily pain scores ( P<0.001 ) . Four patients had their CIPN reduced to zero . A repeated- measures analysis using the scores from all 10 days confirmed these results . No toxicity was seen . Some responses have been durable without maintenance . CONCLUSION Patient-specific cutaneous elect 
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The evidence is considered of moderate benefit for duloxetine .
Photobiomodulation , known as low level laser therapy , is considered of moderate benefit based on the evidence review .
Evidence did not support the use of lamotrigine and topical KA ( 4 % ketamine and 2 % amitriptyline ) .
The evidence for tricyclic antidepressants was inconclusive as amitriptyline showed no benefit but nortriptyline had insufficient evidence .