***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: In this paper preliminary results are presented of a prospect i ve study design ed to examine the effect of maxillary fixation methods on postoperative stability . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stability of Le Fort I osteotomy stabilized with semirigid fixation of the maxilla ( SRMF ) or rigid fixation of the maxilla ( RMF ) .  All patients had skeletal Class III malocclusion and underwent bimaxillary surgery ( Le Fort I maxillary advancement with or without superior repositioning and bilateral sagittal split osteotomies of the m and ible ) .  St and ardized cephalometric analysis was performed on serial radiographs of 42 patients immediately before surgery , 1 week after surgery , after release of fixation , and 1 year postoperatively . The patients were r and omized into 2 treatment groups : 23 patients received RMF ( group A ) , and 19 patients received SRMF ( group B ) . Within the groups , patients showed good stability with regard to their baseline characteristics . To show the therapeutic equivalence of the 2 treatments , analysis of the recorded data followed the approach for an equivalence trial . The mean surgical advancement was 5.34 + /- 1.50 mm for group A and 4.51 + /- 1.37 mm for group B. The mean amount of postsurgical relapse was 0.98 + /- 1.27 mm for group A and 0.30 + /- 1.04 mm for group B. Group A patients experienced 93 % of their relapse ( 0.92 mm ) during fixation , while group B patients experienced 96 % of their relapse ( 0.29 mm ) after release of fixation . RMF provided better stability than SRMF for all maxillary l and marks in the vertical plane . All considered points both in horizontal and vertical plane exhibited full equivalence for 95 % confidence intervals , which seems to indicate equivalent stability between the surgical procedures The aim of this study was to select a model of cephalometric variables to predict the results of early treatment of Class III malocclusion with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy followed by comprehensive treatment with fixed appliances . Lateral cephalograms of 42 patients ( 20 boys , 22 girls ) with Class III malocclusion were analyzed at the start of treatment ( mean age 8 years 6 months + /- 2 years , at stage I in cervical vertebral maturation ) . All patients were reevaluated after a mean period of 6 years 6 months ( at stage IV or V in cervical vertebral maturation ) that included active treatment plus retention . At this time , the sample was divided into 2 groups according to occlusal criteria : a successful group ( 30 patients ) and an unsuccessful group ( 12 patients ) . Discriminant analysis was applied to select pretreatment predictive variables of long-term treatment outcome . Stepwise variable selection of the cephalometric measurements at the first observation identified 3 predictive variables . Orthopedic treatment of Class III malocclusion might be unfavorable over the long term when a patient 's pretreatment cephalometric records exhibit a long m and ibular ramus ( ie , increased posterior facial height ) , an acute cranial base angle , and a steep m and ibular plane angle . On the basis of the equation generated by the multivariate statistical method , the outcome of interceptive orthopedic treatment  for each new patient with Class III malocclusion can be predicted with a probability error of 16.7 % The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term dentofacial stability after bimaxillary surgery in skeletal Class III open bite patients . Twenty-three Japanese adults ( 5 males , 18 females ) were r and omly selected as the experimental group from the files of Tohoku University Dental Hospital according to the following criteria : ( 1 ) skeletal Class III malocclusion with anterior open bite , ( 2 ) simultaneous Le Fort I and sagittal split ramus osteotomies , and ( 3 ) complete set of cephalograms taken at predetermined intervals until 5 years after debonding . Based on the manner of maxillary surgical repositioning , they were divided into the following 2 groups : ( 1 ) impaction group of 13 subjects ( 2 males , 11 females ) who had maxillary superior repositioning without rotation of the palatal plane , and ( 2 ) rotation group of 10 subjects ( 3 males , 7 females ) who had maxillary repositioning with clockwise rotation of the palatal plane . These patients were compared to a control group of 11 adults ( 1 male , 10 females ) with skeletal Class III malocclusion without open bite who underwent bimaxillary surgery by the same techniques . Our data showed that overbite stability in the rotation group was better than that in the impaction group . This suggests that clockwise rotation of the palatal plane , which moves the anterior maxillary structures down , is an effective way to produce a reasonably stable correction of the anterior open bite . In contrast , superior repositioning of the maxilla that significantly rotates the m and ible in the closing direction should be applied with caution PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate skeletal stability after double-jaw surgery for correction of skeletal Class III malocclusion to assess whether there were any differences between wire and rigid fixation of the m and ible . PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-seven Class III patients had Le Fort I osteotomy stabilized with plate and screws for maxillary advancement . Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy for m and ibular setback was stabilized with wire osteo synthesis and maxillom and ibular fixation for 6 weeks in 20 patients ( group 1 ) and with rigid internal fixation in 17 patients ( group 2 ) . Lateral cephalograms were taken before surgery , immediately after surgery , 8 weeks after surgery , and 1 year after surgery . RESULTS Before surgery , both groups were balanced with respect to linear and angular measurements of craniofacial morphology . One year after surgery , maxillary sagittal stability was excellent in both groups , and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy accounted for most of the total horizontal relapse observed . In group 1 , significant correlations were found between maxillary advancement and relapse at the posterior maxilla and between m and ibular setback and postoperative counterclockwise rotation of the ramus and m and ibular relapse . In group 2 , significant correlations were found between m and ibular setback and intraoperative clockwise rotation of the ramus and between m and ibular setback and postoperative counterclockwise rotation of the ramus and m and ibular relapse . No significant differences in postoperative skeletal and dental stability between groups were observed except for maxillary posterior vertical position . CONCLUSIONS Surgical correction of Class III malocclusion after combined maxillary and m and ibular procedures appears to be a fairly stable procedure independent of the type of fixation used to stabilize the m and ible PURPOSE The aim of this report was to compare the clinical and radiographic findings observed at the 12-month follow-up in 2 groups of 15 patients who underwent Le Fort I and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy for the correction of dental-skeletal Class III . In the first group , the condylar positioning devices were used , whereas in the second group , an alternative method was used for the intraoperative assessment of m and ibular repositioning . MATERIAL S AND METHODS All of the patients of our study in the immediate presurgical period were without temporom and ibular joint disorders and with a normal anatomic relationship between condyle and fossae . The condyle position and morphology were examined at the 12-month follow-up through cephalometric measurements and the postsurgical findings in both groups were compared with those observed in the presurgical period . RESULTS In all of the 30 patients in our study , no relapse or postsurgical temporom and ibular joint disturbance was observed at the 12-month follow-up . Variations in condyle position of more than 2 mm or 2 degrees were not observed in the 15 patients treated with condylar positioning devices . Changes in condyle position between 2 and 4 mm and 2 degrees and 4 degrees were observed in 6 of the 15 patients treated without the devices . CONCLUSIONS The use of condylar positioning devices can be avoided in patients with dental-skeletal Class III without presurgical temporom and ibular dysfunction . The manual positioning of the m and ibular condyle is easier , but it requires the utmost care and an experienced operator The criteria and scoring method for a system to evaluate the quality of  r and omized control trials ( RCTs ) in dental research based on published reports is presented . This sytem is based on one devised for evaluation of RCTs in medicine . Items assessed in this system include r and omization and blinding procedures , subject selection criteria , treatment protocol s , and statistical analyses . Assessing the quality of RCTs can contribute to improved study design , implementation and reporting by investigators , and evaluation of reports by referees and editors of scientific journals 
    Output:
    
Surgical correction of skeletal Class III malocclusion after combined maxillary and m and ibular procedures appears to be stable for maxillary advancements up to 5 mm and for the correction of presurgical sagittal intermaxillary discrepancies smaller than 7 mm