***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: BACKGROUND Myofascial pain syndrome ( MPS ) is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal diseases . MPS impaired quality of life in the patients . There is a lot of controversy about different treatment options which include medical treatments , physical therapy , injections , ultrasound and laser . The effects of laser in MPS are challenging . AIM To assess the effects of laser and ultrasound in treatment of MPS . DESIGN R and omized single blinded clinical trial SETTING Outpatient physical therapy clinic at university hospital POPULATION Sixty three subjects ( females : 46 , males : 17 ) , ( age range : 17 - 55 year old ) who had a diagnosis of definite MPS were entered in the study . METHODS We measured the pain intensity at rest , during activity and at night using  Visual Analogue  Scale ( VAS ) question naire . The patients also filled the Neck Disability Index ( NDI ) form and the pain threshold provoked by pressure was determined using algometric assessment . Then , the patients were categorized r and omly in groups A , B and C ( receiving laser therapy , ultrasound and sham laser therapy , respectively ) . Six weeks after the initial visit , they were visited again and filled the forms again . RESULTS Ultrasound was effective in VAS improvement during activity ( 46 % ) , at rest ( 39 % ) and at night ( 35 % ) . It also improved NDI scores ( 34 % ) and algometric assessment ( 37 % ) . Laser was effective in VAS improving during activity ( 54 % ) , at night ( 51 % ) and at rest ( 51 % ) and also improved NDI scores ( 73 % ) . It was also found effective in algometric assessment improvement ( 105 % ) . Laser result ed in more NDI score and algometric assessment improvements comparing to ultrasound ( p<0.05 ) . CONCLUSION This study introduces laser as one of the preferred treatments of myofascial pain syndrome in shoulder Objective : To investigate the effectiveness of low‐level laser therapy in the treatment of temporom and ibular disorder and to compare treatment effects in myogenic and arthrogenic cases . Methods : Thirty‐five patients were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging and r and omly allocated to active treatment ( n=20 ) and placebo treatment ( n=15 ) groups . In addition to a daily exercise program , all patients were treated with fifteen sessions of low‐level laser therapy .  Pain , joint motion , number of joint sounds and tender points were assessed . Results : Significant reduction in pain was observed in both active and placebo treatment groups . Active and passive maximum mouth opening , lateral motion , number of tender points were significantly improved only in the active treatment group . Treatment effects in myogenic and arthrogenic cases were similar . Conclusion : Low‐level laser therapy can be considered as an alternative physical modality in the management of temporom and ibular disorder The CONSORT ( Consoli date d St and ards of Reporting Trials ) statement is used worldwide to improve the reporting of r and omized , controlled trials . Schulz and colleagues describe the latest version , CONSORT 2010 , which up date s the reporting guideline based on new method ological evidence and accumulating experience . BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The efficacy of low level laser therapy ( LLLT ) in myofascial pain syndrome ( MPS ) seems controversial . Our aim was to clarify the effect of LLLT in MPS by using algometry and thermography . STUDY DESIGN / MATERIAL S AND METHODS Sixty-two patients with MPS having an active trigger point in the neck or upper back region were r and omly divided into two equal groups according to therapy applied ( group 1 : LLLT + stretching exercises , group 2 : stretching exercises alone ) . The outcome measures were pain measured with visual analogue scale ( VAS ) , algometry on the trigger point , algometric difference , thermographic difference , and thermal asymmetry . Comparison was made within and between the groups pre- and post-therapeutically and 3 weeks after therapy . RESULTS Mean pain values decreased more significantly in group 1 from baseline to 3 weeks follow up ( 7.54 - 3.06 ) while these values were 7.03 - 5.19 in group 2 ( P < 0.05 ) . Group comparisons revealed significant favorable differences in group 1 patients in terms of all other parameters at the first and the second evaluation post therapeutically ( P < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSIONS LLLT seemed to be beneficial for pain in MPS by using algometry and thermography This study aim ed to evaluate the effectiveness of low intensity laser therapy ( LILT ) in 30 patients presenting temporom and ibular joint ( TMJ ) pain and m and ibular dysfunction in a r and om and double-blind research design . The sample , divided into experimental group ( 1 ) and placebo group ( 2 ) , was su bmi tted to the treatment with infrared laser ( 780 nm , 30 mW , 10 s , 6.3 J/cm(2 ) ) at three TMJ points . The treatment was evaluated throughout six sessions and 15 , 30 and 60 days after the end of the therapy , through visual analogue scale ( VAS ) , range of m and ibular movements and TMJ pressure pain threshold . The results showed a reduction in VAS ( p < 0.001 ) and through the ANOVA with repeated measures it was observed that the groups did not present statistically significant differences ( P = 0.2060 ) , as the averages of the evaluation times ( P = 0.3955 ) and the interaction groups evaluation times ( P = 0.3024 ) , considering the MVO . The same occurred for RLE ( P = 0.2988 , P = 0.1762 and P = 0.7970 ) , LLE ( P = 0.3265 , P = 0.4143 and P = 0.0696 ) , PPTD ( P = 0.1558 , P = 0.4695 and P = 0.0737 ) and PPTE ( P = 0.2376 , P = 0.3203 and P = 0.0624 ) . For PE , there were not statistically significant differences for groups ( P = 0.7017 ) and the interaction groups evaluation times ( P = 0.6678 ) , even so in both groups the PE varied with time ( P = 0.0069 ) Laser therapy has been found effective in the management of  pain  associated with rheumatoid and degenerative joint arthritis and disease . The efficacy of mid-laser therapy has been tested specifically on patients with degenerative joint disease ( DJD ) involving the temporom and ibular joint ( TMJ ) . The following controlled clinical study was design ed to test the efficacy of mid-laser therapy to placebo therapy in the reduction of pain associated with TMJ disorders specific to arthralgic DJD AIMS To evaluate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy ( LLLT ) in patients presenting with temporom and ibular disorder ( TMD ) in a r and om and placebo-controlled research design . METHODS The sample consisted of 40 patients , divided into an experimental group ( G1 ) and a placebo group ( G2 ) . The treatment was done with an infrared laser ( 830 nm , 500mW , 20s , 4J/point ) at the painful points , once a week for four consecutive weeks . The patients were evaluated before and after the treatment through a Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) and the Craniom and ibular Index ( CMI ) . RESULTS The baseline and posttherapy values of VAS and CMI were compared by the paired T-test , separately for the placebo and laser groups . A significant difference was observed between initial and final values ( p < 0.05 ) in both groups . Baseline and post-therapy values of pain and CMI were compared in the therapy groups by the two- sample T-test , yet no significant differences were observed regarding VAS and CMI ( p > 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION After either placebo or laser therapy , pain and temporom and ibular symptoms were significantly lower , although there was no significant difference between groups . The low-level laser therapy was not effective in the treatment of TMD , when compared to the placebo UNLABELLED Temporom and ibular dysfunction is characterized by the presence of painful joint/muscular symptoms muscle in the face . The main justification for the use of lasers in laser therapy dysfunction is its analgesic effect , which was observed in most studies in the literature . AIM We evaluated the effectiveness of laser therapy in the treatment of temporom and ibular disorders . METHODS 50 volunteers with temporom and ibular disorders were divided into two groups ( control and experimental ) had amplitudes of movements of mouth opening , right and left laterality recorded before and after laser application . Was also recorded , the score the individual gave to pain by visual analog scale and , through physical examination , the pain points . We used the AsGaAl laser with a 40mW power , with 80J/cm(2 ) for 16 seconds at four selected points for just one session with re assessment after a week . STUDY DESIGN Clinical . RESULTS It was noted that laser therapy increased the mean amplitude of m and ibular movements ( p = 0.0317 ) and decreased significantly ( 43.6 % ) the pain intensity measured by the visual analog scale . CONCLUSIONS The laser decreases the painful symptoms of the patient after application through its analgesic and /or a placebo effect The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy ( LLLT ) on the improvement of the m and ibular movements and painful symptoms in individuals with temporom and ibular disorders ( TMD ) . Forty patients were r and omly divided into two groups ( n=20 ) : Group 1 received the effective dose ( GaAlAs laser λ 830 nm , 40 mW , 5J/cm² ) and Group 2 received the placebo application ( 0 J/cm² ) , in continuous mode on the affected condyle lateral pole : superior , anterior , posterior , and posterior-inferior , twice a week during 4 weeks . Four evaluations were performed : E1 ( before laser application ) , E2 ( right after the last application ) , E3 ( one week after the last application ) and E4 ( 30 days after the last application ) . The Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant more improvements ( p<0.01 ) in painful symptoms in the treated group than in the placebo group . A significant improvement in the range of m and ibular movements was observed when the results were compared between the groups at E4 . Laser application can be a supportive therapy in the treatment of TMD , since it result ed in the immediate decrease of painful symptoms and increased range of m and ibular movements in the treated group . The same results were not observed in the placebo group The aim of this paper was to evaluate the efficacy of a Low-Level Laser therapy in patients with Temporom and ibular Disorders ( TMD ) using a double-blind design . A sample of 20 patients with a chief complaint of pain was divided into myogenous and arthrogenous groups . The sample was also divided on the basis of the treatment rendered : real versus placebo treatment . An 830 nm Ga-Al-As Laser device with a energy power of 4 joules was used ( OMNILASE , LASERDYNE PTY LTD . ) in three treatment sessions . To evaluate the effectiveness of laser treatment , a Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) was used for pain and active range of motion ( AROM ) was used to measure changes in m and ibular function . Using real laser treatment , the author found that there was a reported improvement in pain only for the myogenous pain patients ( p < or = 0.02 ) . For the arthrogenous pain patients , real laser treatment result ed in an improvement in Total Vertical Opening ( TVO ) ( p < 0.05 ) , Protrusive excursion ( PROT ) ( p < 0.02 ) and Left lateral excursion ( LATLEF ) ( p < 0.02 ) . The placebo control group showed improvement in TVO and PROT for those patients having myogenous pain and LATLEF for those patients having arthrogenous pain . A repeated measurement one-way ANOVA demonstrated no significant differences between real and placebo groups . Considering the non-invasive and harmless characteristics of this modality , more research is recommended , using higher power and increased frequency of laser applications Myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome ( MPDS ) is the most common reason for pain and limited function of the masticatory system . The effects of low-level lasers ( LLLs ) for controlling the discomfort of patients are investigated frequently . However , the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a particular source producing 660 nm and 890 nm wavelengths that was recommended to reduce of the pain in the masticatory muscles . This was a double-blind and placebo-controlled trial . Sixteen MPDS patients were r and omly divided into two groups . For the laser group , two diode laser probes ( 660 nm ( nanometers ) , 6.2 J/cm2 , 6 min , continuous wave , and 890 nm , 1 J/cm2 ( joules per square centimetre ) , 10 min , 1,500 Hz ( Hertz ) ) were used on the painful muscles . For the control group , the treatment was similar , but the patients were not irradiated . Treatment was given twice a week for 3 weeks . The amount of patient pain was recorded at four time periods ( before and immediately after treatment , 1 week after , and on the day of complete pain relief ) . A visual analog scale ( VAS ) was selected as the method of pain measurement . Repeated- measures analysis of variance ( ANOVA ) , the t-test and the paired t-test were used to analyze the data . In each group the reduction of pain before and after the treatment was meaningful , but , between the two groups 
    Output:
    
Based on the results of this review no definitive conclusions can be drawn on the efficacy of  LLLT  for the treatment of TMD .
The only indication seems to be that  LLLT  is probably more effective for the treatment of TMJ disorders , and less effective for the treatment of masticatory muscle disorders