***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Objectives To assess human papilloma viruses ( HPV ) DNA test for detection of recurrences in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN ) patients after loop electrosurgical excision procedure ( LEEP ) .  Also effect of LEEP on the clearance of HPV infection was evaluated for CIN 1 lesions . Methods HPV DNA positive 37 patients ( 25 CIN 2–3 and 12 CIN 1 cases proven by colposcopic biopsies ) were treated with LEEP and followed prospect ively with HPV DNA and cytology at third and sixth months . Results There were 11 patients with abnormal cytologic results in third month and 4 in sixth month . HPV DNA positivity rate declined in CIN 1 group between third and sixth month but this did not reach to statistical significance ( 44 vs. 36 % , P = 0.41 ) . There were 3 treatment failures out of 37 patients ( 8.1 % ) . All these three patients had CIN 3 at the beginning and two of them had positive HPV DNA in two controls . There were no recurrence/treatment failure for CIN 1 patients . Regarding 37 patients , decrease in cytologic abnormality incidence between third and sixth-month control was statistically significant ( 29.7 vs. 10.9 % , P = 0.03 ) . All four patients with cytologic abnormality at the sixth month had HPV persistence . Cytologic abnormality was more prevelant in HPV persistent women ( P = 0.01 ) and also there was no cytologic abnormality in case of HPV DNA negativity . Conclusion LEEP does not seem to decrease HPV DNA incidence for CIN 1 at least for 6 months . But HPV DNA used in addition to cytology might help to detect recurrences Background Clear , transparent , and sufficiently detailed abstract s of conferences and journal articles related to r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) are important , because readers often base their assessment of a trial solely on information in the abstract . Here , we extend the CONSORT ( Consoli date d St and ards of Reporting Trials ) Statement to develop a minimum list of essential items , which authors should consider when reporting the results of a RCT in any journal or conference abstract . Methods and Findings We generated a list of items from existing quality assessment tools and empirical evidence . A three-round , modified-Delphi process was used to select items . In all , 109 participants were invited to participate in an electronic survey ; the response rate was 61 % . Survey results were presented at a meeting of the CONSORT Group in Montebello , Canada , January 2007 , involving 26 participants , including clinical trialists , statisticians , epidemiologists , and biomedical editors . Checklist items were discussed for eligibility into the final checklist . The checklist was then revised to ensure that it reflected discussion s held during and subsequent to the meeting . CONSORT for Abstract s recommends that abstract s relating to RCTs have a structured format . Items should include details of trial objectives ; trial design ( e.g. , method of allocation , blinding/masking ) ; trial participants ( i.e. , description , numbers r and omized , and number analyzed ) ; interventions intended for each r and omized group and their impact on primary efficacy outcomes and harms ; trial conclusions ; trial registration name and number ; and source of funding . We recommend the checklist be used in conjunction with this explanatory document , which includes examples of good reporting , rationale , and evidence , when available , for the inclusion of each item . Conclusions CONSORT for Abstract s aims to improve reporting of abstract s of RCTs published in journal articles and conference proceedings . It will help authors of abstract s of these trials provide the detail and clarity needed by readers wishing to assess a trial 's validity and the applicability of its results OBJECTIVE To evaluate testing for high-risk human papillomavirus ( HR HPV ) E6/E7 mRNA transcripts 6 months after conisation for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse ( CIN2 + ) to determine the risk of residual CIN2 + . METHODS We prospect ively followed 344 women treated for CIN2 + by conisation .  HR HPV mRNA testing ( PreTect HPV-Proofer , NorChip ® ) , HR HPV DNA testing ( AMPLICOR HPV Test , Roche Diagnostics ® ) and cytology  was performed at 6 and 12 months after conisation . Biopsies were taken within 18 months of conisation if indicated by abnormal cytology , abnormal colposcopy , or positive HPV test . The LINEAR ARRAY HPV Genotyping Test ( Roche Diagnostics ® ) was used to genotype cases with histologically confirmed residual disease diagnosed within 18 months after conisation . RESULTS 6.4 % ( 22/344 ) of study women had detected residual CIN2 + . They were significantly older than those without residual CIN2 + ( 43.2 and 37.2 years respectively , p<0.001 ) . Among women with detected residual CIN2 + , 54.5 % ( 12/22 ) had positive resection margins , 63.6 % ( 14/22 ) had abnormal cytology , and 95.5 % ( 21/22 ) had a positive HR HPV DNA test at 6 months . Sensitivity of HR HPV mRNA testing was 45.5 % ( 95 % confidence interval : 26.8 - 65.5 % ) at 6 months to predict detected residual CIN2 + . Eight of 12 women who were HR HPV mRNA-negative at 6 months were HR HPV DNA-positive for one of the HPV types included in the mRNA test . CONCLUSION Detection of E6/E7 mRNA transcripts by PreTect HPV Proofer does not seem suitable for short-term follow-up to detect residual CIN2 + after conisation OBJECTIVE To compare the PCR detection rates of high risk human papillomavirus DNA in self-collected urine and cervical scrapes during follow-up of patients treated for HG-CIN by laser CO2 conization .  PATIENTS AND METHODS 52 women who su bmi tted to laser conization for HG-CIN were enrolled into this prospect i ve follow-up study receiving liquid-based cytology and HR-HPV testing by PCR assay on self-collected urine and cervical scrapes before and at 3 , 6 and 12 months after treatment . Diagnostic accuracy and predictive values for treatment failure were evaluated for both urinary and cervical HPV testing and follow-up cytology . RESULTS 3 cases ( 5.8 % ) of recurrent HG-CIN occurred during follow-up . Positive margins and HR-HPV persistence result ed to significant risk factors for recurrence ( p=0.01 ) . The overall concordance on HR-HPV detection between paired urine and cervical sample s was 96.6 % and discord trend between agreement rates during follow-up were excluded by overall fixed-effect index ( OR 1.03 ; 95 % CI 0.62 - 1.70 ) . No difference was observed comparing the three- and six-month cumulative sensitivity and NPV for recurrent disease of urinary and cervical HPV detections , with an increase of 5.6 % in specificity associated with urinary testing . CONCLUSIONS PCR detection of HR-HPV in paired urine and cervical sample s during follow-up revealed an excellent concordance , suggesting a potential equivalent role of the two methods within post-treatment follow-up . In our experience HPV testing on self-collected urine was more sensitive than cytology and more specific than cervical HPV detection to predict treatment failure . Larger studies are needed to definitively establish the role of urine-based HPV testing during follow-up Women with persistent HPV infections have increased risk of progressive CIN lesions . Transmission of HPV between sexual partners might maintain viral infection and , consequently , may influence the clinical course of CIN . We investigated the effect of condom use on regression of CIN lesions and on clearance of HPV .  Women with CIN and their male sexual partners were r and omized for condom use ( condom group n = 72 and noncondom group n = 76 ) . They were conservatively managed and followed every 3–6 months by colposcopy , cytology and HPV testing by GP5+/6 + PCR . Baseline cervical biopsy specimens were taken . Median follow‐up time for women was 15.2 months ( range 3.0–85.4 ) . Outcomes of interest were clinical regression of CIN at colposcopy and clearance of HPV . Outcomes were assessed in 64 women of the condom group and 61 women of the noncondom group . Women in the condom group showed a 2‐year cumulative regression rate of 53 % vs. 35 % in the noncondom group ( p = 0.03 ) . The 2‐year cumulative rates of HPV clearance were 23 % vs. 4 % , respectively ( p = 0.02 ) . Although lower regression rates were found if women were HPV‐positive and had ≥CIN2 lesions at baseline , effects of condom use were found both in women with CIN1 and in women with ≥CIN2 lesions . Condom use promotes regression of CIN lesions and clearance of HPV . © 2003 Wiley‐Liss , We assessed a possible role for high-risk human papillomavirus ( HPV ) testing in the policy after treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN ) 2 or 3 ( moderate to severe dysplasia ) . According to the Dutch guidelines follow-up after treatment consists of cervical cytology at 6 , 12 and 24 months . Colposcopy is only performed in case of abnormal cervical cytology . In this observational study 184 women treated for CIN 2 or 3 were prospect ively monitored by cervical cytology and high-risk HPV testing 3 , 6 , 9 , 12 and 24 months after treatment . Post-treatment CIN 2/3 was present in 29 women ( 15.8 % ) . A positive high-risk HPV test 6 months after treatment was more predictive for post-treatment CIN 2/3 than abnormal cervical cytology ( sensitivity 90 % and 62 % respectively , with similar specificity ) . At 6 months the negative predictive value of a high-risk HPV negative , normal smear , was 99 % . Largely overlapping , partly different groups of women with post-treatment CIN 2/3 were identified by HPV testing and cervical cytology . Based on these results we advocate to include high-risk HPV testing in monitoring women initially treated for CIN 2/3 . In case of a high-risk HPV positive test or abnormal cervical cytology ,  colposcopy  is indicated . All women should be tested at 6 and 24 months after treatment and only referred to the population -based cervical cancer screening programme when the tests are negative on both visits . © 2001 Cancer Research Objective To evaluate the recurrence rate of high- grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN ) treated by the loop electrosurgical excision procedure ( LEEP ) according to the persistence of human papilloma virus ( HPV ) infection . Design Prospect i ve observational study . Setting The Florence District screening program for cervical cancer . Sample Eighty-four cases of CIN2/3 consecutively treated by LEEP and actively followed up . Method Cases underwent HPV testing ( polymerase chain reaction ) prior to LEEP and after 6 months , and then cyto-colposcopic followup every 6 months . Main outcomes measures Recurrence was defined as histological evidence of high- grade CIN . The association of recurrence to age and CIN grade at treatment and to cytologic and HPV test findings at recurrence was determined . Results The average recurrence rate was 11.9 % ( 10/84 cases ; 95 % CI , 5.9 - 20.8 % ) . Recurrence probability was not significantly associated to age ( χ2 = 0.25 , df = 2 , P = 0.88 ) or CIN grade ( CIN 3 = 8/57 , CIN2 = 2/27 , χ2 = 0.26 , df = 1 , P = 0.6 ) , whereas a significant association was evident for the cytology report ( < LSIL = 6/76 , HSIL ≥4/8 , χ2 = 8.55 , df = 1 , P = 0.003 ) and HPV testing ( absent = 1/48 , present = 9/36 , χ2 = 8.23 , df = 1 , P = 0.004 ) . Conclusions Most CIN2 > recurrences after LEEP occur in subjects with persistent HPV infection . Subjects with negative findings at cytology , colposcopy and HPV testing are at negligible risk of recurrence and might return safely to st and ard screening protocol OBJECTIVE The objective was to identify the factors , if any , that may predict long-term results of CIN treatment and HPV clearance/persistence after locally excisional therapy . METHODS A series of 252 women with CIN lesions treated by conization were subjected to sequential HPV detection by repeated PCR during the prospect i ve posttreatment follow-up . Factors predicting viral clearance during the follow-up ( 10.26 months ) were elaborated using univariate and multivariate statistical techniques applied on epidemiological , clinical and biological data of the lesions . RESULTS Sensitivity of the PAP test in detecting high- grade lesions was 93.9 
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After reading the full-text versions , we identified no relevant trials comparing hrHPV and cytology testing versus cytology testing alone for detecting residual or recurrent disease during follow-up to LLETZ treatment of adult women with CIN.We found no evidence on the effects of hrHPV and cytology testing on residual or recurrent CIN2 or higher lesions , anxiety and psychosexual morbidity outcomes in women undergoing colposcopy and treatment for CIN .
We found no evidence from RCTs to inform decisions about the best surveillance strategy for women following treatment for CIN .