***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Background : Chronic intensive exercise is associated with a greater induction of oxidative stress and with an excess of endogenous advanced glycation end-products ( AGEs ) . Curcumin can reduce the accumulation of AGEs in vitro and in animal models . We examined whether supplementation with curcumin and Boswellia serrata ( BSE ) gum resin for 3 months could affect plasma levels of markers of oxidative stress , inflammation , and glycation in healthy master cyclists . Methods . Forty-seven healthy male athletes were r and omly assigned to Group 1 , consisting of 22 subjects given a Mediterranean diet ( MD ) alone ( MD group ) , and Group 2 consisted of 25 subjects given a MD plus curcumin and BSE ( curcumin/BSE group ) . Interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNFα ) , high-sensitivity c-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) , total AGE , soluble receptor for AGE ( sRAGE ) , malondialdehyde ( MDA ) , plasma phospholipid fatty acid ( PPFA ) composition , and non-esterified fatty acids ( NEFA ) were tested at baseline and after 12 weeks . Results : sRAGE , NEFA , and MDA decreased significantly in both groups , while only the curcumin/BSE group showed a significant decline in total AGE . Only the changes in total AGE and MDA differed significantly between the curcumin/BSE and MD groups . Conclusions . Our data suggest a positive effect of supplementation with curcumin and BSE on glycoxidation and lipid peroxidation in chronically exercising master athletes LI73014F2 is a novel composition prepared from extracts of Terminalia chebula fruit , Curcuma longa rhizome , and Boswellia serrata gum resin with synergistic benefit in 5-Lipoxygenase ( 5-LOX ) inhibition . This herbal composition with strong anti-5-LOX activity exhibited significant pain relief as indicated through improvements in weight-bearing capacity in a monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis ( OA ) model of Sprague-Dawley rats . A 90-day r and omized , placebo-controlled double-blind study evaluates the clinical efficacy and tolerability of LI73014F2 in the management of symptoms of OA of the knee ( Clinical Trial Registration No. CTRI/2014/01/004338 ) . Subjects , ( n = 105 ) , were r and omized into three groups : placebo ( n = 35 ) , 200 mg/day of LI73014F2 ( n = 35 ) , and 400 mg/day of LI73014F2 ( n = 35 ) . All study participants were evaluated for pain and physical function by using st and ard tools , that is , Visual Analog Scale , Lequesne 's Functional Index , and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index ( WOMAC ) at the baseline ( day 0 ) and on day 14 ± 3 , 30 ± 3 , 60 ± 3 , and at the end of the study ( day 90 ± 3 ) . In addition , routine examinations on biochemical parameters in serum , urine , and hematological parameters were conducted on each visit to assess the safety of the study material . At the end of the trial period , LI73014F2 conferred significant pain relief , improved physical function , and quality of life in OA patients . In conclusion , pre clinical and clinical data together strongly suggest that the herbal formulation LI73014F2 is a safe and effective intervention for management of joint discomfort , demonstrating efficacy as early as 14 days Introduction Oral curcumin decreases inflammatory cytokines and increases muscle regeneration in mice . Purpose To determine effects of curcumin on muscle damage , inflammation and delayed onset muscle soreness ( DOMS ) in humans . MethodS eventeen men completed a double-blind r and omized-controlled crossover trial to estimate the effects of oral curcumin supplementation ( 2.5 g twice daily ) versus placebo on single-leg jump performance and DOMS following unaccustomed heavy eccentric exercise . Curcumin or placebo was taken 2 d before to 3 d after eccentric single-leg press exercise , separated by 14-d washout . Measurements were made at baseline , and 0 , 24 and 48-h post-exercise comprising : ( a ) limb pain ( 1–10 cm visual analogue scale ; VAS ) , ( b ) muscle swelling , ( c ) single-leg jump height , and ( d ) serum markers of muscle damage and inflammation . St and ardized magnitude-based inference was used to define outcomes . Results At 24 and 48-h post-exercise , curcumin caused moderate-large reductions in pain during single-leg squat ( VAS scale −1.4 to −1.7 ; 90 % CL : ±1.0 ) , gluteal stretch ( −1.0 to −1.9 ; ±0.9 ) , squat jump ( −1.5 to −1.1 ; ± 1.2 ) and small reductions in creatine kinase activity ( −22–29 % ; ±21–22 % ) . Associated with the pain reduction was a small increase in single-leg jump performance ( 15 % ; 90 % CL ± 12 % ) . Curcumin  increased interleukin-6 concentrations at 0-h ( 31 % ; ±29 % ) and 48-h ( 32 % ; ±29 % ) relative to baseline , but decreased IL-6 at 24-h relative to post-exercise ( −20 % ; ±18 % ) . Conclusions Oral curcumin likely reduces pain associated with DOMS with some evidence for enhanced recovery of muscle performance . Further study is required on mechanisms and translational effects on sport or vocational performance Background Curcumin is the major yellow pigment extracted from turmeric , a commonly-used spice in India and Southeast Asia that has broad anticarcinogenic and cancer chemopreventive potential . However , few systematic studies of curcumin 's pharmacology and toxicology in humans have been performed . Methods A dose escalation study was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose and safety of a single dose of st and ardized powder extract , uniformly milled curcumin ( C3Complex ™ , Sabinsa Corporation ) . Healthy volunteers were administered escalating doses from 500 to 12,000 mg . Results Seven of twenty-four subjects ( 30 % ) experienced only minimal toxicity that did not appear to be dose-related . No curcumin was detected in the serum of subjects administered 500 , 1,000 , 2,000 , 4,000 , 6,000 or 8,000 mg . Low levels of curcumin were detected in two subjects administered 10,000 or 12,000 mg . Conclusion The tolerance of curcumin in high single oral doses appears to be excellent . Given that achieving systemic bioavailability of curcumin or its metabolites may not be essential for colorectal cancer chemoprevention , these findings warrant further investigation for its utility as a long-term chemopreventive agent Background Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage ( EIMD ) and delayed onset muscle soreness ( DOMS ) impact subsequent training sessions and activities of daily living ( ADL ) even in active individuals . In sedentary or diseased individuals , EIMD and DOMS may be even more pronounced and present even in the absence of structured exercise . Methods The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of oral curcumin supplementation ( Longvida ® 400 mg/days ) on muscle & ADL soreness , creatine kinase ( CK ) , and inflammatory cytokines ( TNF-α , IL-6 , IL-8 , IL-10 ) following EMID ( eccentric-only dual-leg press exercise ) . Subjects ( N = 28 ) were r and omly assigned to either curcumin ( 400 mg/day ) or placebo ( rice flour ) and supplemented 2 days before to 4 days after EMID . Blood sample s were collected prior to ( PRE ) , and 1 , 2 , 3 , and 4 days after EIMD to measure CK and inflammatory cytokines . Data were analyzed by ANOVA with P < 0.05 . Results Curcumin supplementation result ed in significantly smaller increases in CK ( − 48 % ) , TNF-α ( − 25 % ) , and IL-8 ( − 21 % ) following EIMD compared to placebo . We observed no significant differences in IL-6 , IL-10 , or quadriceps muscle soreness between conditions for this sample size . Conclusions Collectively , the findings demonstrated that consumption of curcumin reduced biological inflammation , but not quadriceps muscle soreness , during recovery after EIMD . The observed improvements in biological inflammation may translate to faster recovery and improved functional capacity during subsequent exercise sessions . General significance These findings support the use of oral curcumin supplementation to reduce the symptoms of EIMD . The next logical step is to evaluate further the efficacy of an inflammatory clinical disease model We hypothesized that curcumin would improve resistance and conduit artery endothelial function and large elastic artery stiffness in healthy middle-aged and older adults . Thirty-nine healthy men and postmenopausal women ( 45 - 74 yrs ) were r and omized to 12 weeks of curcumin ( 2000 mg/day Longvida ® ; n=20 ) or placebo ( n=19 ) supplementation . Forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine infusions ( FBFACh ; resistance artery endothelial function ) increased 37 % following curcumin supplementation ( 107±13 vs. 84±11 AUC at baseline , P=0.03 ) , but not placebo ( P=0.2 ) . Curcumin treatment augmented the acute reduction in FBFACh induced by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG monomethyl-L-arginine ( L-NMMA ; P=0.03 ) , and reduced the acute increase in FBFACh to the antioxidant vitamin C ( P=0.02 ) , whereas placebo had no effect ( both P>0.6 ) . Similarly , brachial artery flow-mediated dilation ( conduit artery endothelial function ) increased 36 % in the curcumin group ( 5.7±0.4 vs. 4.4±0.4 % at baseline , P=0.001 ) , with no change in placebo ( P=0.1 ) . Neither curcumin nor placebo influenced large elastic artery stiffness ( aortic pulse wave velocity or carotid artery compliance ) or circulating biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation ( all P>0.1 ) . In healthy middle-aged and older adults , 12 weeks of curcumin supplementation improves resistance artery endothelial function by increasing vascular nitric oxide bioavailability and reducing oxidative stress , while also improving conduit artery endothelial function The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of oral consumption of curcumin and piperine in combination on the recovery kinetics after exercise-induced muscle damage . Forty-eight hours before and following exercise-induced muscle damage , ten elite rugby players consumed curcumin and piperine ( experimental condition ) or placebo . A r and omized cross-over design was performed . Concentric and isometric peak torque for the knee extensors , one leg 6 seconds sprint performance on a non-motorized treadmill , counter movement jump performance , blood creatine kinase concentration and muscle soreness were assessed immediately after exercise , then at 24h , 48h and 72h post-exercise . There were moderate to large effects of the exercise on the concentric peak torque for the knee extensors ( Effect size ( ES ) = -1.12 ; Confidence interval at 90 % ( CI90 % ) : -2.17 to -0.06 ) , the one leg 6 seconds sprint performance ( ES=-1.65 ; CI90 % = -2.51to -0.80 ) and the counter movement jump performance ( ES = -0.56 ; CI90 % = -0.81 to -0.32 ) in the 48h following the exercise . There was also a large effect of the exercise on the creatine kinase level 72h after the exercise in the control group ( ES = 3.61 ; CI90 % : 0.24 to 6.98 ) . This decrease in muscle function and this elevation in creatine kinase indicate that the exercise implemented was efficient to induce muscle damage . Twenty four hours post-exercise , the reduction ( from baseline ) in sprint mean power output was moderately lower in the experimental condition ( -1.77 ± 7.25 % ; 1277 ± 153W ) in comparison with the placebo condition ( -13.6 ± 13.0 % ; 1130 ± 241W ) ( Effect Size = -1.12 ; Confidence Interval 90%=-1.86 to -0.86 ) . However , no other effect was found between the two conditions . Curcumin and piperine supplementation before and after exercise can attenuate some , but not all , aspects of muscle damage BACKGROUND In response to physiologic stressors , skeletal muscle has the potential to elicit wide variety of adaptive responses , such as biogenesis of mitochondria and clearance of damaged mitochondria to promote healthy muscle . The polyphenol curcumin , derived from the rhizome Curcuma long 
    Output:
    
Most of the studies displayed positive effects of the curcumin supplementation for athletes and physical exercise practitioners , and no side effects were reported .
Participants supplemented with curcumin displayed reduced inflammation and oxidative stress , decreased pain and muscle damage , superior recovery and muscle performance , better psychological and physiological responses ( thermal and cardiovascular ) during training and improved gastrointestinal function .
Curcumin supplementation appears to be safe and beneficial for sport and physical exercise in human beings .