***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Objective This study aims to determine the efficacy of yoga in alleviating vasomotor symptoms ( VMS ) frequency and bother . Methods This study was a three-by-two factorial , r and omized controlled trial . Eligible women were r and omized to yoga ( n = 107 ) , exercise ( n = 106 ) , or usual activity ( n = 142 ) , and were simultaneously r and omized to a double-blind comparison of & ohgr;-3 fatty acid ( n = 177 ) or placebo ( n = 178 ) capsules .  Yoga intervention consisted of 12 weekly 90-minute yoga classes with daily home practice . Primary outcomes were VMS frequency and bother assessed by daily diaries at baseline , 6 weeks , and 12 weeks . Secondary outcomes included insomnia symptoms ( Insomnia Severity Index ) at baseline and 12 weeks . Results Among 249 r and omized women , 237 ( 95 % ) completed 12-week assessment s. The mean baseline VMS frequency was 7.4 per day ( 95 % CI , 6.6 to 8.1 ) in the yoga group and 8.0 per day ( 95 % CI , 7.3 to 8.7 ) in the usual activity group . Intent-to-treat analyses included all participants with response data ( n = 237 ) . There was no difference between intervention groups in the change in VMS frequency from baseline to 6 and 12 weeks ( mean difference [ yoga − usual activity ] from baseline at 6 wk , −0.3 [ 95 % CI , −1.1 to 0.5 ] ; mean difference [ yoga − usual activity ] from baseline at 12 wk , −0.3 [ 95 % CI , −1.2 to 0.6 ] ; P = 0.119 across both time points ) . Results were similar for VMS bother . At week 12 , yoga was associated with an improvement in insomnia symptoms ( mean difference [ yoga − usual activity ] in the change in Insomnia Severity Index , 1.3 [ 95 % CI , −2.5 to −0.1 ] ; P = 0.007 ) . Conclusions Among healthy women , 12 weeks of yoga class plus home practice , compared with usual activity , do not improve VMS frequency or bother but reduce insomnia symptoms Objective The practice of yoga has been proven to have positive effects on reducing  insomnia . Studies have also shown its effects on reducing climacteric symptoms . To date , however , no studies that evaluate the effects of yoga on postmenopausal women with a diagnosis of insomnia in a r and omized clinical trial have been conducted . The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of yoga practice on the physical and mental health and climacteric symptoms of postmenopausal women with a diagnosis of insomnia . Methods Postmenopausal women not undergoing hormone therapy , who were 50 to 65 years old , who had an apnea-hypopnea index less than 15 , and who had a diagnosis of insomnia were r and omly assigned to one of three groups , as follows : control , passive stretching , and yoga . Question naires were administered before and 4 months after the intervention to evaluate quality of life , anxiety and depression symptoms , climacteric symptoms , insomnia severity , daytime sleepiness , and stress . The volunteers also underwent polysomnography .  The study lasted 4 months . Results There were 44 volunteers at the end of the study . When compared with the control group , the yoga group had significantly lower posttreatment scores for climacteric symptoms and insomnia severity and higher scores for quality of life and resistance phase of stress . The reduction in insomnia severity in the yoga group was significantly higher than that in the control and passive-stretching groups . Conclusions This study showed that a specific sequence of yoga might be effective in reducing insomnia and menopausal symptoms as well as improving quality of life in postmenopausal women with insomnia Objective . To examine the effects of yoga versus an educational film program on sleep , mood , perceived stress , and sympathetic activation in older women with RLS . Methods . Participants were drawn from a larger trial regarding the effects of yoga on cardiovascular disease risk profiles in overweight , sedentary postmenopausal women . Seventy-five women were r and omized to receive either an 8-week yoga ( n = 38 ) or educational film ( n = 37 ) program . All 75 participants completed an RLS screening question naire . The 20 women who met all four diagnostic criteria for RLS ( n = 10 yoga , 10 film group ) comprised the population for this nested study . Main outcomes assessed pre- and post-treatment included : sleep ( Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ) , stress ( Perceived Stress Scale ) , mood ( Profile of Mood States , State-Trait Anxiety Inventory ) , blood pressure , and heart rate . Results . The yoga group demonstrated significantly greater improvements than controls in multiple domains of sleep quality and mood , and significantly greater reductions in insomnia prevalence , anxiety , perceived stress , and blood pressure ( all P's≤0.05 ) . Adjusted intergroup effect sizes for psychosocial variables were large , ranging from 1.9 for state anxiety to 2.6 for sleep quality . Conclusions . These preliminary findings suggest yoga may offer an effective intervention for improving sleep , mood , perceived stress , and blood pressure in older women with RLS AIM To evaluate the effects of a yoga-based exercise program on pain , fatigue , sleep disturbance , and biochemical markers in hemodialysis patients . MATERIAL S AND METHODS In 2004 a r and omized controlled trial was carried out in the outpatient hemodialysis unit of the Nephrology Department , Uludag University Faculty of Medicine . Clinical ly stable hemodialysis patients ( n=37 ) were included and followed in two groups : the modified yoga-based exercise group ( n=19 ) and the control group ( n=18 ) . Yoga-based exercises were done in groups for 30 min/day twice a week for 3 months . All of the patients in the yoga and control groups were given an active range of motion exercises to do for 10 min at home . The main outcome measures were pain intensity ( measured by the visual analogue scale , VAS ) , fatigue ( VAS ) , sleep disturbance ( VAS ) , and grip strength ( mmHg ) ; biochemical variables-- urea , creatinine , calcium , alkaline phosphatase , phosphorus , cholesterol , HDL-cholesterol , triglyceride , erythrocyte , hematocrit -- were evaluated . RESULTS After a 12-week intervention , significant improvements were seen in the variables : pain -37 % , fatigue -55 % , sleep disturbance -25 % , grip strength + 15 % , urea -29 % , creatinine -14 % , alkaline phosphatase -15 % , cholesterol -15 % , erythrocyte + 11 % , and hematocrit count + 13 % ; no side-effects were seen . Improvement of the variables in the yoga-based exercise program was found to be superior to that in the control group for all the variables except calcium , phosphorus , HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels . CONCLUSION A simplified yoga-based rehabilitation program is a complementary , safe and effective clinical treatment modality in patients with end-stage renal disease Study Objectives The Menopause Strategies : Finding Lasting Answers for Symptoms and Health network conducted three r and omized clinical trials ( RCTs ) testing six interventions treating vasomotor symptoms ( VMS ) , and also collected self-reported sleep outcomes . A fourth RCT assessed an intervention for insomnia symptoms among women with VMS . We describe these seven interventions ' effects relative to control in women with comparably severe insomnia symptoms and VMS . Methods We analyzed pooled individual-level data from 546 peri- and postmenopausal women with Insomnia Severity Index ( ISI ) ≥ 12 , and ≥14 bothersome VMS/week across the four RCTs . Interventions included the following : escitalopram 10 - 20 mg/day ; yoga ; aerobic exercise ; 1.8 g/day omega-3 fatty acids ; oral 17-beta-estradiol 0.5-mg/day ; venlafaxine XR 75-mg/day ; and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia ( CBT-I ) . Outcome measures were ISI and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( PSQI ) over 8 - 12 weeks of treatment . Results CBT-I produced the greatest reduction in ISI from baseline relative to control at -5.2 points ( 95 % CI -7.0 to -3.4 ) . Effects on ISI were similar for exercise at -2.1 and venlafaxine at -2.3 points . Comparably small decreases in ISI were observed with escitalopram , yoga , and estradiol . The largest reduction in PSQI from baseline was with CBT-I at -2.7 points ( -3.9 to -1.5 ) , although PSQI decreases of 1.2 to 1.6 points were significantly better than control with escitalopram , exercise , yoga , estradiol , and venlafaxine . Omega-3 supplements did not improve insomnia symptoms . Conclusions This study 's findings support current recommendations for CBT-I as a first line treatment in healthy midlife women with insomnia symptoms and moderately bothersome VMS OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to determine the feasibility of a relaxation-based yoga intervention for rheumatoid arthritis , design ed and reported in accordance with Delphi recommendations for yoga interventions for musculoskeletal conditions . METHODS Participants were recruited from a hospital data base , and r and omized to either eight weekly 75-min yoga classes  or a usual care control .  Feasibility was determined by recruitment rates , retention , protocol adherence , participant satisfaction and adverse events . Secondary physical and psychosocial outcomes were assessed using self-reported question naires at baseline ( week 0 ) , week 9 ( primary time point ) and week 12 ( follow-up ) . RESULTS Over a 3-month period , 26 participants with mild pain , mild to moderate functional disability and moderate disease activity were recruited into the study ( 25 % recruitment rate ) . Retention rates were 100 % for yoga participants and 92 % for usual care participants at both weeks 9 and 12 . Protocol adherence and participant satisfaction were high . Yoga participants attended a median of seven classes ; additionally , seven of the yoga participants ( 54 % ) reported continuing yoga at home during the follow-up period . No serious adverse events were related to the study . Secondary outcomes showed no group effects of yoga compared with usual care . CONCLUSIONS A relaxation-based yoga programme was found to be feasible and safe for participants with rheumatoid arthritis-related pain and functional disability . Adverse events were minor , and not unexpected from an intervention including physical components . This pilot provides a framework for larger intervention studies , and supports further exploration of yoga as a complex intervention to assist with the management of rheumatoid arthritis STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine effects of yoga and aerobic exercise compared with usual activity on objective assessment s of sleep in midlife women . METHODS Secondary analyses of a r and omized controlled trial in the Menopause Strategies : Finding Lasting Answers for Symptoms and Health ( MsFLASH ) network conducted among 186 late transition and postmenopausal women aged 40 - 62 y with hot flashes . Women were r and omized to 12 w of  yoga , supervised aerobic exercise , or usual activity . The mean and coefficient of variation ( CV ) of change in actigraph sleep measures from each intervention group were compared to the usual activity group using linear regression models . RESULTS Baseline values of the primary sleep measures for the entire sample were mean total sleep time ( TST ) = 407.5 ± 56.7 min ; mean wake after sleep onset ( WASO ) = 54.6 ± 21.8 min ; mean CV for WASO = 37.7 ± 18.7 and mean CV for number of long awakenings > 5 min = 81.5 ± 46.9 . Changes in the actigraphic sleep outcomes from baseline to weeks 11 - 12 were small , and none differed between groups . In an exploratory analysis , women with baseline Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index higher than 8 had significantly reduced TST-CV  following yoga compared with usual activity . CONCLUSIONS This study adds to the currently scant literature on objective sleep outcomes  from yoga and aerobic exercise interventions for this population . Although small effects on self-reported sleep quality were previously reported , the interventions had no statistically significant effects on actigraph measures , except for potentially improved sleep stability with yoga in women with poor self-reported sleep quality Background : Dysfunctional uterine bleeding ( DUB ) is one of the most common gynecological disorders encountered in women during the reproductive age .  Yoga therapy has shown promising benefits in several gynecological disorders . Methods : Thirty women between the ages of 20 and 40 years with primary DUB were r and omly assigned to a yoga ( n = 15 ) and a waitlist control group ( n = 15 ) . Participants in the yoga group received a 3-month yoga module and were assessed for hemoglobin values , endometrial thickness ( ET ) , pictorial blood loss assessment chart ( PBAC ) , State-Trait Anxiety Inventory , perceived stress scale , and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( PSQI ) before and after a 3-month follow-up period . Results 
    Output:
    
Yoga was not associated with any serious adverse events .
This systematic review and meta- analysis demonstrated that yoga intervention in women can be beneficial when compared to non-active control conditions in term of managing sleep problems .
The moderator analyses suggest that participants in the non-breast cancer subgroup and participants in the non-peri/postmenopausal subgroup were associated with greater benefits , with a direct correlation of total class time with quality of sleep among other related benefits