***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Background : Intimate partner violence ( IPV ) is associated with a wide range of negative outcomes , including sexual risk behavior . This cross-sectional study explored mediators of the relationship between IPV and risky sexual behavior in 717 women recruited from a sexually transmitted disease ( STD ) clinic . Methods : Participants were recruited from a public STD clinic in upstate New York as part of a r and omized controlled trial that was design ed to evaluate several sexual risk reduction interventions . They completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview in a private room . Results : Among these women , 18 % reported IPV in the past 3 months and 57 % reported lifetime experience of IPV . Recent IPV was associated with greater sexual risk , as measured by more episodes of unprotected sex ( overall and with a steady partner ) . Although IPV was associated with depressive symptoms and drug use before sex , these variables did not mediate the relationship between IPV and sexual risk behavior . Conclusions : The results indicate that IPV is common among women who attend an STD clinic and warrants increased attention . Research is needed to better underst and the pathways linking IPV and HIV risk in women , to optimize the design of effective interventions In a sample of 810 women residing in shelters and low-income housing , this 6-month prospect i ve study investigated associations of recent violence and substance use withHIV-related  sexual behaviors and cognitions . Controlling for baseline sexual behavior , partner violence at baseline was associated with less sexual activity and unprotected sex at follow-up . Non-partner violence at baseline was associated with a higher likelihood of being sexually active at follow-up ( housed women ) , but less frequent sexual activity . Drinking to intoxication at baseline was associated with less ability to refuse unwanted sex ( sheltered women ) and higher perceived susceptibility to HIV at follow-up , whereas baseline drug use was associated with greater perceived ability to refuse unwanted sex and condom use self-efficacy . These findings differed in important ways from cross-sectional associations , emphasizing the need for additional prospect i ve research to fully underst and the impact of violence and substance use on women ’s  HIV-related behaviors and cognitions Abstract Objective : The relationship between condom use and 2 less visible categories of intimate partner violence ( IPV ) , sexual coercion and verbal aggression , was examined among college students . Methods : In March 2007 a r and om cross-sectional sample of undergraduates from the southeast region of the United States was taken to collect information about sexual coercion and verbal aggression , in addition to condom use consistency . Alcohol use was also assessed . Results : Of the 142 participants , 31.7 % reported being victims of sexual coercion , and 78 % reported having verbally aggressive partners . Participants who reported experiencing sexual coercion in their relationship were significantly less likely to consistently use condoms . Additionally , alcohol use before or during episodes of verbal aggression was negatively associated with condom use . Alcohol use was also significantly associated with heightened incidents of coercion and aggression . Conclusions : Results indicate that among college students , the presence of sexual coercion adversely affects condom use , as does alcohol use Background : Intimate partner violence ( IPV ) is common among young adult relationships , and is associated with significant morbidity , including sexually transmitted infections ( STI ) . This study measured the association between IPV victimization and perpetration and prevalent STIs and STI-risk behaviors among a sample of young women . Methods : This analysis uses wave 3 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and was restricted to the 3548 women who reported on a sexual relationship that occurred in the previous 3 months and agreed to STI testing . A multivariate r and om effects model was used to determine associations between STI and STI-risk behaviors and IPV . Results : The  IPV prevalence over the past year was 32%—3 % victim-only , 12 % perpetrator-only , and 17 % reciprocal . The STI prevalence was 7.1 % . Overall , 17 % of participants reported partner concurrency and 32 % reported condom use at last vaginal intercourse . In multivariate analysis , victim-only and reciprocal IPV were associated with not reporting condom use at last vaginal intercourse . Perpetrator-only , victim-only , and reciprocal IPV were associated with partner concurrency . Victim-only IPV was associated with a higher likelihood of having a prevalent STI ( odds ratio : 2.1 ; 95 % confidence interval : 1.0–4.2 ) . Conclusions : This analysis adds to the growing body of literature that suggests that female IPV victims have a higher STI prevalence , as well as a higher prevalence of STI-risk behaviors , compared with women in nonviolent relationships . Women in violent relationships should be considered for STI screening in clinics , and IPV issues should be addressed in STI prevention messages , given its impact on risk for STI acquisition 
    Output:
    
CONCLUSIONS Quantitative , qualitative , and mixed methods research has demonstrated the linkages between  female IPV victimization/male IPV perpetration and condom or oral contraceptive use .