***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: BACKGROUND This phase II trial examined the activity and toxicity of second-line treatment with pazopanib after failure of first-line single-agent treatment with sunitinib or bevacizumab in patients with advanced clear cell renal carcinoma . PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-five patients with metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma who had previously received first-line treatment with sunitinib ( 39 patients ) or bevacizumab ( 16 patients ) were enrolled . Patients received pazopanib 800 mg orally daily and were evaluated for response after 8 weeks of treatment . Responses were measured using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors ( RECIST ) , version 1.0 , and confirmed with repeated scans after 8 weeks . Patients with objective response or stable disease continued treatment until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurred . RESULTS Fifteen of 55 patients ( 27 % ) had objective response to pazopanib . An additional 27 patients ( 49 % ) had stable disease , for a disease control rate of 76 % . After a median follow-up of 16.7 months , the median progression-free survival for the entire group was 7.5 months ( 95 % confidence interval , 5.4 - 9.4 months ) . Similar progression-free survival was observed regardless of whether previous treatment was with sunitinib or bevacizumab . The estimated overall survival rate for the entire group at 24 months was 43 % . CONCLUSION Pazopanib is an active agent for the treatment of advanced clear cell renal carcinoma , even after failure of sunitinib or bevacizumab . Treatment with pazopanib should be considered early in the sequence of therapy for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma BACKGROUND In a phase 3 trial comparing the efficacy and safety of axitinib versus sorafenib as second-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma , patients given axitinib had a longer progression-free survival ( PFS ) . Here , we report overall survival and up date d efficacy , quality of life , and safety results . METHODS Eligible patients had clear cell metastatic renal cell carcinoma , progressive disease after one approved systemic treatment , and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ( ECOG PS ) of 0 - 1 . 723 patients were stratified by ECOG PS and previous treatment and r and omly allocated ( 1:1 ) to receive axitinib ( 5 mg twice daily ; n=361 ) or sorafenib ( 400 mg twice daily ; n=362 ) . The primary endpoint was PFS assessed by a masked , independent radiology review committee . We assessed patient-reported outcomes using vali date d question naires . Baseline characteristics and development of hypertension on treatment were studied as prognostic factors . Efficacy was assessed in the intention-to-treat population , and safety was assessed in patients who received at least one dose of the study drug . This ongoing trial is registered on Clinical Trials.gov , number NCT00678392 . FINDINGS Median overall survival was 20.1 months ( 95 % CI 16.7 - 23.4 ) with axitinib and 19.2 months ( 17.5 - 22.3 ) with sorafenib ( hazard ratio [ HR ] 0.969 , 95 % CI 0.800 - 1.174 ; one-sided p=0.3744 ) . Median investigator-assessed PFS was 8.3 months ( 95 % CI 6.7 - 9.2 ) with axitinib and 5·7 months ( 4.7 - 6.5 ) with sorafenib ( HR 0.656 , 95 % CI 0.552 - 0.779 ; one-sided p<0.0001 ) . Patient-reported outcomes scores were similar in the treatment groups at baseline , were maintained during treatment , but decreased at end-of-treatment . Common grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events were hypertension ( 60 [ 17 % ] ) , diarrhoea ( 40 [ 11 % ] ) , and fatigue ( 37 [ 10 % ] ) in 359 axitinib-treated patients and h and -foot syndrome ( 61 [ 17 % ] ) , hypertension ( 43 [ 12 % ] ) , and diarrhoea ( 27 [ 8 % ] ) in 355 sorafenib-treated patients . In a post-hoc 12-week l and mark analysis , median overall survival was longer in patients with a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or greater than in those with a diastolic blood pressure of less than 90 mm Hg : 20.7 months ( 95 % CI 18.4 - 24.6 ) versus 12.9 months ( 10.1 - 20.4 ) in the axitinib group ( p=0.0116 ) , and 20.2 months ( 17.1 - 32.0 ) versus 14.8 months ( 12.0 - 17.7 ) in the sorafenib group ( one-sided p=0.0020 ) . INTERPRETATION Although overall survival , a secondary endpoint for the study , did not differ between the two groups , investigator-assessed PFS remained longer in the axitinib group compared with the sorafenib group . These results establish axitinib as a second-line treatment option for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma . FUNDING Pfizer 
    Output:
    
Conclusions In conclusion , the effectiveness and indication of pazopanib for use in the second-line setting has not yet been examined in-depth ; however , this meta- analysis has shown that the treatment effects in terms of PRR , DCR , and PFS may be similar to other well-studied second-line targeted therapies .