***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: OBJECTIVE To study the effectiveness of luteinising hormone releasing hormone ( LHRH ) analogues in improving final height in girls affected by early puberty . PATIENTS Forty six consecutive girls with onset of puberty aged 7.5–8.5 years r and omly divided into two groups : one treated with 3.75 mg triptorelin intramuscularly every four weeks ( group 1 ) ; and the other with no treatment ( group 2 ) . RESULTS Mean ( SD ) chronological age at onset of menarche was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 ( 11.9 ( 1.0 ) v 10.8 ( 0.7 ) years ) . However , mean ( SD ) height at menarche ( 152.7 (7.2)v 152.5 ( 5.7 ) cm ) and mean ( SD ) growth after menarche ( 4.9 ( 3.0 ) v 5.4 ( 2.2 ) cm ) were similar in both groups . The mean ( SD ) final height was similar in the two groups ( group 1 , 158.1 ( 6.2 ) cm ; group 2 , 158.6 ( 6.0 ) cm ) and not significantly different from target height . Fourteen of 20 patients in group 1 and 12 of 18 patients in group 2 showed final height equal to or higher than target height . Final heights of girls with poor initial height prognosis were significantly lower than those of girls with good prognosis , but in patients with the same initial height prognosis , both groups showed final heights similar and not significantly different from their target heights . CONCLUSIONS LHRH analogue has no apparent effect on final height in subjects with onset of puberty between 7.5 and 8.5 years Early and fast puberty ( EFP ) in girls , defined as pubertal onset at age 8 - 9 yr , with an accelerated course , may cause compromised  final height ( FHt )  and psychosocial distress . Treatment with a gonadotropin-suppressive agent is controversial , because the improvement in FHt is equivocal and there may be risk of obesity . We analyzed the data of 126 girls with EFP : 63 treated with GnRH analog ( GnRHA ) since Tanner stage 3 , for 2 - 4 yr ; and 63 untreated .  Age at onset of puberty ; accelerated time of transition from Tanner stage 2 to 3 ( < 1.3 yr ) ; and clinical , hormonal and sonographic findings were similar in the 2 groups . The girls given GnRHA treatment had a significantly prolonged pubertal course , compared with the accelerated course in the untreated girls ( 4.7 + /- 0.4 vs. 2.45 + /- 0.4 yr , P < 0.001 ) . After therapy , they reached Tanner stages 4 and 5 and FHt at a significantly older age than the untreated group ( P < 0.001 ) , and their menarche was delayed ( 12.8 + /- 0.6 vs. 10.8 + /- 0.5 yr , P < 0.001 ) . However , the different pace of puberty in the 2 groups did not change the total pubertal growth and the bone maturation rate . The Ht gain from Tanner stage 3 to 4 ( 10.4 + /- 2.7 vs. 11.2 + /- 3.1 cm ) and from Tanner stage 4 to FHt ( 8.2 + /- 2.7 vs. 8.8 + /- 3.6 cm ) was similar in the treated and untreated girls , as were absolute Ht and bone age at each pubertal stage . The weight gain of the treated girls was more pronounced during treatment ( P = 0.0016 ) , but it was arrested after discontinuation of therapy ; and by the time FHt was reached , the body mass index was similar in the 2 groups . The treated and untreated girls achieved a similar mean FHt , which was not significantly different from their respective mean target Ht ( THt ) . Individual analysis revealed that 70 % of the treated girls and 67 % of the untreated girls attained their THt range ( THt + /- 0.5 SD ) or surpassed it . In conclusion , treatment with GnRHA affected only the pace of EFP . The similar Ht gain and bone maturation rate at each pubertal stage in the treated and untreated girls may suggest that the total pubertal growth is not dependent on pubertal duration and pace and is probably determined already at the onset of the normal pubertal development . The treatment did not compromise the FHt and did not cause long-lasting obesity . Therefore , GnRHA therapy may be suggested for use in girls who have psychosocial difficulties in coping with EFP Twenty-two girls affected by sexual precocity with impaired final height prognosis  were followed until they achieved final  height . Twelve of them were treated with an intranasal (D-Ser6)-gonadotrophin-releasing hormone ( GnRH ) analogue ( buserelin ) administered at a mean dose of 25 micrograms/kg/day ( range 20 - 32 ) for a mean period of 14 months ( range 8 - 18 ) . Ten girls refused treatment . Mean final height of the treated girls was 157.3 + /- 8.2 cm , significantly ( p = 0.03 ) higher than the 149.7 + /- 5.5 cm of untreated patients . Treated girls surpassed midparental height ( + 1.7 cm ) while untreated girls reached the lower part of target zone ( -3.5 cm ) . Our data suggest that intranasal buserelin treatment preserves final height in girls with sexual precocity and initially impaired height prognosis Objective : To investigate the effects of treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog ( GnRHa ) on final height in girls who experienced moderately early puberty with symptoms beginning at 7 - 8.5 years of age . Methods : Female cases diagnosed with moderately early puberty which had started between ages 7 to 8.5 years were included in the study . In the treatment groups , all cases with a bone age ≤10.5 years constituted group 1 ( n=18 ) and those with a bone age > 10.5 years constituted group 2 ( n=23 ) . The 8 patients for which treatment approval could not be obtained constituted group 3 . The 49 cases in all three groups were observed until they reached their final height . Results : Target height , target height st and ard deviation score ( SDS ) , final height , and final height SDS values were similar in all 3 groups . Final height showed a significant positive correlation with target height ( p=0.000 , r=0.54 ) and height at diagnosis ( p=0.003 , r=0.467 ) in all groups . Linear regression analysis revealed that a 1 cm longer height at diagnosis increased the final height 0.213 fold , and a 1 cm longer target height at diagnosis increased the final height 0.459 fold . Conclusion : We found that GnRHa did not make a positive contribution to final height in cases of moderately early puberty BACKGROUND We analysed the effectiveness of therapy with LHRH analogues in girls with a puberty onset at age 8 years . PATIENTS AND METHOD We performed a non-r and omised clinical study of 32 girls with advanced puberty . These included 16 treated with triptorelin LHRH analogue(3.75 mg/month during 1 year ) and 16 control subjects . We carried out anthropometric measurements and determined the pubertal height growth ( gain in height from the puberty onset up to the final height ) and the pubertal duration ( time in years from the puberty onset up to the age at which final height is attained ) . RESULTS Treatment with LHRH analogue delayed the menarche age ( 11.5 [1.46]vs 10.37 [ 0.67 ] years of age ; p = 0.03 ) , led to an involution in secondary sexual characteristics and a temporary decrease ingrowth rate , and delayed skeletal maturation . However , pubertal duration , pubertal height growth and final height were all similar in both groups . In addition , no significant differences in body fat mass were observed . CONCLUSIONS Treatment with LHRH analogues in advanced puberty modifies pubertal development , without modifying pubertal duration or pubertal height growth . Furthermore , this treatment does not improve final height Puberty is a period characterized by growth spurt and rapid change in body composition . The effect of GnRH agonist therapy for central precocious puberty on bone mineral density is unclear . We demonstrated changes in bone mineral density in subjects with central precocious puberty , who were treated with GnRH agonist for more than 3 years OBJECTIVE To evaluate prospect ively pubertal and predicted adult height progression until final height ( FH ) or near FH in girls with apparent idiopathic precocious puberty who were not treated . STUDY DESIGN The decision not to treat at the time of initial evaluation was based on evidence of slowly progressive puberty as shown by bone age ( BA ) advancement < 2 years above the chronologic age , whatever the hypothalamic pituitary ovarian axis activation , or no evidence of hypothalamic pituitary ovarian axis activation , whatever the BA advancement . During follow-up , patients who showed a significant decrease in predicted FH were treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist . RESULTS Twenty-six girls with idiopathic precocious puberty were studied at a mean chronologic age of 7.4 + /- 0.9 years during a follow-up period of 6.6 + /- 2.2 years until FH or near FH . During the first 2 years of follow-up , most of the patients ( group 1 , n = 17 ; 65 % of the cases ) showed no substantial changes in predicted FH . They never required treatment , and menarche occurred at a mean chronologic age of 11.9 + /- 0.6 years . Their mean FH ( or near FH ) at 160.7 + /- 5.7 cm was close to their target height ( 161.3 + /- 4.7 cm ) . On the other h and , after a mean follow-up period of 1.4 + /- 0.8 years , 9 patients ( group 2 ) had acceleration of bone maturation and deterioration of their predicted FH ( from 162.1 + /- 6 . 2 cm to 155.3 + /- 5.6 cm ; P < .01 ) , which was at that time significantly lower than their target height ( P < .05 ) ( mean target height = 159.8 + /- 4.6 cm ) . They received a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist for 2.1 + /- 0.7 years , result ing in a restoration of growth prognosis ( mean FH or near FH = 160.2 + /- 6.7 cm ) . CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that not all patients with apparent idiopathic precocious puberty require medical treatment , notably when there is no evidence of hypothalamo-pituitary ovarian activation or no significantly advanced BA to impair height potential . Most show a slowly progressing puberty . However , careful follow-up of these patients is necessary up to at least 9 years of age , because until then height prediction may deteriorate , necessitating gonadotropin-releasing  hormone agonist treatment in one third of the cases BACKGROUND To evaluate the effect of GnRH-analogue triptoreline on the predicted adult height and final height in central precocious puberty ( CPP ) . PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 14 girls with CPP treated for 1 - 6 years with triptoreline depot ( 75 micrograms/kg/28 days/i.m . ; group 1 ) . The criteria for diagnosis included the following : compelling evidence of rapid progression of puberty , with a bone age ( BA ) greater than 2 SD above the mean value for chronological age ( CA ) associated with poor initial predicted final height and growth speed greater than 2 SD above the mean value for age . In addition we obtained data from 6 untreated girls with advanced puberty and good predicted adult height followed during the same period of time ( group II ) . 7 of 14 girls of group I and 5 of 6 girls of group II attained final height . RESULTS A decrease in growth speed and an increase and in CA/BA ratio were observed after three years of treatment ( + 4.9 + /- 0.7 SD to -1.45 + /- 2.63 SD and 0.62 + /- 0.14 to 0.74 + /- 0.09 respectively ; P = 0.034 ; n = 6 ) . The predicted adult height increased significantly after two years of treatment ( 153.1 + /- 4.49 to 156.94 + /- 5 cm ; p = 0.041 ; n = 10 ) and was more evident after three years of treatment ( 153.84 + /- 5.77 to 160.7 + /- 7.5 cm ; p = 0.03 ; n = 6 ) . The final height of 7 girls of group I who attained it was similar to target height ( 161 + /- 3.1 vs. 159 + /- 1.3 cm ; NS ) and greater than initial predicted adult height ( 161 + /- 3.1 vs. 154 + /- 2.1 cm ; p = 0.044 ) and than final height of the 5 girls of group II ( 161 + /- 3.1 vs. 154.28 + /- 6.1 cm ) . CONCLUSIONS Triptorelin dep 
    Output:
    
Conclusion We found no evidence from controlled experimental and observational studies that compared with no treatment , the use of GnRH analogs improved AH in girls with EP