***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: A total of 89 cases with extrahepatic jaundice were studied clinical ly . All patients were divided into two groups at r and om : control group and Li Dan Ling treatment group . It was found that : ( 1 ) liver functions in the patients with obstructive jaundice were injured severely ; bilirubin , R15ICG , m-GOT , and gamma-GT were increased significantly ; ( 2 ) in patients with incomplete biliary obstruction or after the relief of obstruction , liver functions could be improved gradually . They were improved more quickly in patients of the Li Dan Ling treatment group ; ( 3 ) for the patients suffering from complete biliary tract obstruction , until the obstruction was relieved liver function could not be improved . After the herbal medicine , all the indicators would be further worsened before the relief of the obstruction , and the value of " b " would be positive . The increase in m-GOT and gamma-GT was higher than in the control group , indicating the liver functions were further injured . Therefore , the herbal cholegogue was not suitable for the patients before the obstruction was relieved . The further investigations showed that excretion of bilirubin from the bile could be accelerated by Li Dan Ling , and after herbal administration , the cholesterol level in bile was lowered significantly ; the liver blood flow in normal and jaundiced rats would be increased 30 to 90 min . after administering the herbs Seventy nine advanced cancer patients in a clinical trial were treated with LAK/IL-2 combining with Lycium Barbarum polysaccharides ( LBP ) . Initial results of the treatment from 75 evaluable patients indicated that objective regression of cancer was achieved in patients with malignant melanoma , renal cell carcinoma , colorectal carcinoma , lung cancer , nasopharyngeal carcinoma , malignant hydrothorax . The response rate of patients treated with LAK/IL-2 plus LBP was 40.9 % while that of patients treated with LAK/IL-2 was 16.1 % ( P < 0.05 ) . The mean remission in patients treated with LAK/IL-2 plus LBP also lasted significantly longer . LAK/IL-2 plus LBP treatment led to more marked increase in NK and LAK cell activity than LAK/IL-2 without LBP . The results indicate that LBP can be used as an adjuvant in the biotherapy of cancer Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of Xiaopi-I(消痞I号 ) on functional dyspepsia and its effects on gastric emptying . Methods A total of 134 patients with functional dyspepsia were r and omly assigned to 2 groups . The patients in the Xiaopi-I group ( 66 cases ) and the Domperidone group ( 68 cases ) were given Xiaopi-I granules and Domperidone 10 mg , 3 times a day , respectively . Another 20 healthy volunteers were chosen as the negative control group . The severity scores of the symptoms , as well as the gastric emptying , were detected before and after 4-week treatment by barium strip-trial meal . Results During therapy , 6 cases from the Xiaopi-I group and 8 cases from the Domperidone group were lost to follow , and 120 cases finally finished the study . Statistical differences were observed from both groups in terms of the symptoms of postpr and ial fullness early satiety , epigastric pain , and epigastric burning after 4-week treatment ( P<0.01 ) . The symptomatic severity scores of the Xiaopi-I group before and after the treatment were 7.48±1.64 and 2.16±1.26 , respectively ( P<0.01 ) . Gastric emptying rates were also improved in the patients with delayed gastric emptying , and the effective rates were 91.3 % and 75.8 % in the Xiaopi-I and Domperidone groups , respectively . No obvious adverse effects were found from both groups . Conclusion Xiaopi-I was an effective and safe agent in the treatment of functional dyspepsia and was worth of further development in clinical Background Chinese herbal medicine ( CHM ) has been used in China and some other countries for the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia ( FD ) . However , controlled studies supporting the efficacy of such treatments in patients with FD are lacking . In this trial , we aim ed to assess the efficacy and safety of modified LiuJunZi decoction in patients with FD of spleen-deficiency and qi-stagnation syndrome . Methods We performed a r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial with patients from five centers . Patients with FD of spleen-deficiency and qi-stagnation syndrome ( n = 160 ) were r and omly assigned to groups given CHM modified LiuJunZi decoction or placebo in a 2:1 ratio . Herbal or placebo granules were dissolved in 300 ml of boiled water cooled to 70 ° C . Patients in both groups were administered 150 ml ( 50 ° C ) twice daily . The trial included a 4-week treatment period and a 4-week follow-up period . The primary outcomes were dyspepsia symptom scores , measured by the total dyspepsia symptom scale and the single dyspepsia symptom scale at weeks 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 and 8 . The secondary outcome was the change of radiopaque barium markers emptied from the stomach between week 0 and week 4 of treatment . Results Compared with patients in the placebo group , patients in the CHM group showed significant improvements according to the scores of total dyspepsia symptoms and single dyspepsia symptoms obtained from patients ( P < 0.01 ) and investigators ( P < 0.01 ) . They also showed an improvement in the number of radiopaque barium markers emptied from the stomach ( P < 0.05 ) . Conclusions CHM modified LiuJunZi decoction appears to offer symptomatic improvement in patients with FD of spleen-deficiency and qi-stagnation syndrome . Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( ChiCTR ) : OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid ( UDCA ) and Fuzheng Huayu Capsule ( FHC ) in the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis ( PBC ) . METHODS Eighty PBC patients were r and omly assigned to two groups , the treatment group and the control group , 40 in each group . Patients in the treatment group took UDCA and FHC , while those in the control group were treated with UDCA alone . The treatment course was 48 weeks for both groups . The clinical symptoms and signs , liver function indices ( ALT , AST , ALP , GGT , ALB , TBIL , and TBA ) , hepatic fibrosis indices ( HA , LN , IV-CL , and PIIIP ) , immunologic indices ( IgG , IgM , and autoimmune antibodies ) , changes of portal hemodynamics , and adverse reactions were observed before treatment , as well as at week 4 , 12 , 24 , and 48 after treatment . RESULTS After treatment the skin itching and fatigue were significantly improved in the treatment group , showing statistical difference when compared with the control group ( P < 0.05 , P < 0.01 ) . After treatment the levels of ALT , AST , ALP , GGT , TBIL , and TBA obviously decreased in the two groups . They were lower in the treatment group than in the control group at the same time point ( P < 0.05 ) . The decrement was the largest at week 4 . Besides , at week 48 after treatment the ALB level was improved in the treatment group ( P < 0.05 ) . The levels of HA and PIIIP obviously decreased at week 4 , 12 , and 24 , the levels of LN and IV-C obviously decreased at week 4 and 12 , the decrement of the hepatic fibrosis indices at week 4 were more obvious in the treatment group . But the levels of HA and PIIIP were lower than the pre-treatment levels at week 12 in the control group . The immunologic indices such as IgM and IgG were improved in the two groups , with better results obtained in the treatment group ( P < 0.05 , P < 0.01 ) . In the treatment group ANA turned negative in 1 patient and AMA turned negative in 2 patients . After 48 weeks of treatment , the spleen was retracted , the inner diameters of the portal vein ( PV ) and the splenic vein ( SV ) were significantly reduced , and the blood flow velocity in the PV and SV increased in the treatment group ( P < 0.01 ) . At week 24 and 48 , 33 patients ( 82.5 % ) and 26 patients ( 90.0 % ) in the treatment group had complete relief , better than those of the control group [ 22 cases ( 55.0 % ) and 28 cases ( 70.0 % ) ] . No obvious adverse reaction was found in the two groups during the treatment course . CONCLUSIONS The combination therapy of UDCA and FHC was effective and safe in anti fibrosis and improving the liver functions of PBC patients . It was safe and better than the application of UDCA alone . It was advocated to be combined use for a long term . It might improve the long-term efficacy OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Changjishu soft elastic capsule , a new Chinese herbal medicine for smoothing liver , invigorating spleen and regulating qi activity , on diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome ( D-IBS ) patients with liver-qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome . METHODS A r and omized , double-blinded , and positive control method was adopted . One hundred and four cases of D-IBS conforming to the inclusive criteria were r and omly divided into treatment group ( 78 cases ) and control group ( 26 cases ) . Patients in the treatment group were treated with Changjishu soft elastic capsule , four capsules once daily and three times a day . Patients in the control group were treated with glutamine compound enteric capsule , three capsules once daily and three times a day . After 21-day treatment , the efficacy of Changjishu soft elastic capsule was evaluated by the changes of single symptom such as abdominal pain or discomfort , defecation frequency , and stool characteristics . The safety of Changjishu elastic capsule was assessed by laboratory data and adverse events . RESULTS Abdominal pain or discomfort scores at days 7 , 14 , 21 and the declined score at day 21 in the treatment group significantly decreased as compared with the control group ( P < 0.05 ) . Defecation frequency score at day 14 and the declined score at day 21 in the treatment group significantly decreased as compared with the control group ( P < 0.05 ) . Stool characteristics score and the declined score at day 21 in the treatment group significantly decreased as compared with those of the control group ( P < 0.05 ) . Rugitus scores and the declined scores at days 14 and 21 significantly decreased as compared with the control group ( P < 0.05 ) . The total response rates in the treatment and control groups were 71.62 % and 40.91 % , and the recovery rates were 20.27 % and 13.64 % , respectively . There existed significant differences between the two groups in therapeutic effect ( P < 0.01 ) . The therapeutic effect of Changjishu elastic capsule was better than that of glutamine compound enteric capsule . Side effects and adverse events were not found in the two groups . CONCLUSION Changjishu soft elastic capsule is effective and safe for treatment of D-IBS patients with liver-qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome OBJECTIVE To observe the difference between the combination therapy of alpha-interferon ( IFN-alpha ) therapy Yixuesheng Capsule and the monotherapy of IFN-alpha in treatment of chronic hepatitis B. METHOD A total of 288 patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B proven by liver biopsy were included in this study . During the individualized therapy , they received hypodermic injection of IFN-alpha 1b , with 5 MU x time(-1 ) and three times x w(-1 ) . Of them , 125 patients received combination therapy with Yixuesheng Capsule for three months , with 1.0 g/time and three times/d ; and 163 patients received only IFN-alpha 1b ( the IFN-alpha monotherapy group ) . After the course of therapy , all patients were followed up for at least 24 months . The intention-to-treat analysis was adopted for statistic analysis . RESULT The two groups showed no statistical significance by gender , age , liver necroinflammation grading , liver fibrosis staging , serum ALT levels , serum HBV DNA levels and IFN-alpha therapy course . The whole course and the 24-month follow-up visit cover all of 112 patients in the combination treatment group and 141 cases in the IFN-alpha monotherapy group . The response rates of the combination treatment group and the IFN-alpha monotherapy group were 48.0 % ( 60/125 ) and 35.0 % ( 57/163 ) ( x = 4.980 , P = 0.026 ) at the end of treatment , respectively , 45.6 % ( 57/125 ) and 33.1 % ( 54/163 ) ( x2 = 4.645 , P = 0.031 ) at the end of 12-month-follow-up period , respectively , and 38.4 % ( 48/125 ) and 32.5 % ( 53/163 ) ( x 
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This approach will provide figures of risk/benefit profiles that hopefully are positive for at least some treatment modalities of herbal TCM .