***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: The majority of adults in the UK and US are overweight or obese due to multiple factors including excess energy intake . Training people to inhibit simple motor responses ( key presses ) to high-energy density food pictures reduces intake in laboratory studies . We examined whether online response inhibition training reduced real-world food consumption and weight in a community sample of adults who were predominantly overweight or obese ( N = 83 ) . Participants were allocated in a r and omised , double-blind design to receive four 10-min sessions of either active or control go/no-go training in which either high-energy density snack foods ( active ) or non-food stimuli ( control ) were associated with no-go signals . Participants ' weight , energy intake ( calculated from 24-h food diaries ) , daily snacking frequency and subjective food evaluations were measured for one week pre- and post-intervention . Participants also provided self-reported weight and monthly snacking frequency at pre-intervention screening , and one month and six months after completing the study . Participants in the active relative to control condition showed significant weight loss , reductions in daily energy intake and a reduction in rated liking of high-energy density ( no-go ) foods from the pre-to post-intervention week . There were no changes in self-reported daily snacking frequency . At longer-term follow-up , the active group showed significant reductions in self-reported weight at six months , whilst both groups reported significantly less snacking at one- and six-months . Excellent rates of adherence ( 97 % ) and positive feedback about the training suggest that this intervention is acceptable and has the potential to improve public health by reducing energy intake and overweight We know strikingly little about the core affective processes that drive the development and maintenance of , and recovery from anorexia nervosa ( AN ) . To partially address this knowledge gap , we measured implicit and explicit affect toward pleasant , neutral , unpleasant , food-relevant , and weight-relevant images in three groups : in patients with acute AN , individuals recovered from AN , and healthy controls with no history of AN . Compared with the other two groups , acutely ill AN participants displayed significantly greater implicit positive affect toward pleasant images and significantly greater implicit negative affect toward unpleasant , high-calorie food , and overweight body type images .  Recovered participants did not differ significantly from controls on any implicit affect measure . Explicit affective patterns were similar to implicit , but explicit measures yielded much smaller effect sizes and failed to detect certain group differences . Overall , negative implicit affect toward high-calorie foods and overweight body types may represent core affective processes that are operative during acute AN OBJECTIVE : To test the feasibility of creating a valid and reliable checklist with the following features : appropriate for assessing both r and omised and non-r and omised studies ; provision of both an overall score for study quality and a profile of scores not only for the quality of reporting , internal validity ( bias and confounding ) and power , but also for external validity . DESIGN : A pilot version was first developed , based on epidemiological principles , review s , and existing checklists for r and omised studies . Face and content validity were assessed by three experienced review ers and reliability was determined using two raters assessing 10 r and omised and 10 non-r and omised studies . Using different raters , the checklist was revised and tested for internal consistency ( Kuder-Richardson 20 ) , test-retest and inter-rater reliability ( Spearman correlation coefficient and sign rank test ; kappa statistics ) , criterion validity , and respondent burden . MAIN RESULTS : The performance of the checklist improved considerably after revision of a pilot version . The Quality Index had high internal consistency ( KR-20 : 0.89 ) as did the subscales apart from external validity ( KR-20 : 0.54 ) . Test-retest ( r 0.88 ) and inter-rater ( r 0.75 ) reliability of the Quality Index were good . Reliability of the subscales varied from good ( bias ) to poor ( external validity ) . The Quality Index correlated highly with an existing , established instrument for assessing r and omised studies ( r 0.90 ) . There was little difference between its performance with non-r and omised and with r and omised studies . Raters took about 20 minutes to assess each paper ( range 10 to 45 minutes ) . CONCLUSIONS : This study has shown that it is feasible to develop a checklist that can be used to assess the method ological quality not only of r and omised controlled trials but also non-r and omised studies . It has also shown that it is possible to produce a checklist that provides a profile of the paper , alerting review ers to its particular method ological strengths and weaknesses . Further work is required to improve the checklist and the training of raters in the assessment of external validity BACKGROUND Attentional difficulties reported in individuals with anorexia nervosa ( AN ) may be due to preferential processing of disease-salient stimuli at a pre-attentive or at a conscious level or to a general problem in attention . Attentional difficulties may be associated with duration of illness . METHOD Female participants with AN ( restricting subtype ; n=24 ) and healthy comparison women ( n=24 ) were r and omly allocated to subliminal or supraliminal exposure to visual stimuli ( food , neutral and aversive images ) while performing the 1-back and 2-back working-memory tasks . RESULTS Participants with AN  made fewer errors than the healthy comparison group in the subliminal condition but significantly more errors in the supraliminal condition [ condition x group interaction , F(1 , 44)=6.82 , p<0.01 ] : this was irrespective of stimulus type ( food , neutral and aversive ) and task ( 1-back or 2-back ) . The total number of errors made correlated positively with the duration of the AN for both the 1-back task ( rs=0.46 , p<0.05 ) and for the 2-back task ( rs=0.53 , p<0.01 ) . CONCLUSIONS Decreased ability to concentrate in the presence of explicit distracters is a feature of AN and is associated with longer duration of illness . This phenomenon could be addressed in psychological interventions 
    Output:
    
Across tasks , differences between individuals with AN and healthy peers have been identified , with the most consistent findings in the area of reward processing .
Measuring task performance alongside actual eating behaviour , and using experimental manipulations to probe causality , may advance underst and ing of the mechanisms of illness in AN