***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: The trifunctional antibody catumaxomab is a targeted immunotherapy for the intraperitoneal treatment of malignant ascites . In a Phase II/III trial in cancer patients ( n = 258 ) with malignant ascites , catumaxomab showed a clear clinical benefit vs. paracentesis and had an acceptable safety profile . Human antimouse antibodies ( HAMAs ) , which could be associated with beneficial humoral effects and prolonged survival , may develop against catumaxomab as it is a mouse/rat antibody . This post hoc analysis investigated whether there was a correlation between the detection of HAMAs 8 days after the fourth catumaxomab infusion and clinical outcome .  HAMA-positive and HAMA-negative patients in the  catumaxomab group and patients in the control group were analyzed separately for all three clinical outcome measures ( puncture-free survival , time to next puncture and overall survival ) and compared to each other . There was a strong correlation between humoral response and clinical outcome : patients who developed HAMAs after catumaxomab showed significant improvement in all three clinical outcome measures vs. HAMA-negative patients . In the overall population in HAMA-positive vs. HAMA-negative patients , median puncture-free survival was 64 vs. 27 days ( p < 0.0001 ; HR 0.330 ) , median time to next therapeutic puncture was 104 vs. 46 days ( p = 0.0002 ; HR 0.307 ) and median overall survival was 129 vs. 64 days ( p = 0.0003 ; HR 0.433 ) . Similar differences between HAMA-positive and HAMA-negative patients were seen in the ovarian , nonovarian and gastric cancer subgroups . In conclusion , HAMA development may be a biomarker for catumaxomab response and patients who developed HAMAs sooner derived greater benefit from catumaxomab treatment We investigated whether epithelial ovarian cancer patients participating in a r and omized phase III trial comparing single intraperitoneal ( IP ) administration of yttrium-90-labeled murine HMFG1 ( (90)Y-muHMFG1 ) plus st and ard treatment ( AT ) vs. st and ard treatment ( ST ) alone developed IgG ab to MUC1 that had an impact on disease outcome . Serial serum sample s from 208 patients in the AT and 199 patients in the ST arm were tested for IgG ab to MUC1 ( anti-MUC1 IgG ) . Anti-MUC1 IgG at weeks 4 , 8 and 12 ranked higher in the AT than in the ST arm ( p < 0.001 ) . The median ( range ) area under the curve ( AUC ) of anti-MUC1 IgG for weeks 1 to 12 was 5.53 ( 1.51 - 39.51 ) and 3.92 ( 1.17 - 68.74 ) for the AT and ST arm , respectively ( p < 0.001 ) . An anti-MUC1 IgG AUC > 13 was associated with a benefit in overall survival ( OS ) and disease-free survival ( DFS ) in the AT arm in univariate ( p = 0.043 and 0.036 , respectively ) , but not in multivariate analysis ( Cox proportional hazards regression model ) . Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a benefit in OS and DFS in patients with an anti-MUC1 IgG AUC > 13 in the AT arm ( p = 0.043 and 0.036 , respectively ) , but not in the ST arm . A single IP injection with muHMFG1 did not lead to a survival benefit in the r and omized trial , but it induced ab to MUC1 that were associated with an improved disease outcome in patients with highest levels of anti-MUC1 IgG. Immunotherapy against MUC1 could be effective in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer This report presents final survival survey results from a previously reported study using oregovomab immunotherapy in patients with advanced ovarian epithelial cancer . Follow-up surveys to 5 years from r and omization were collected for the cohort of stage III/IV ovarian cancer patients achieving initial remission who received subsequent maintenance immunotherapy with oregovomab or placebo .  The relationship of time-to-relapse , survival postrelapse , and overall survival was analyzed . One hundred forty-five patients in the intent-to-treat population and the hypothesis generating subset of 67 patients ( debulked to ≤2 cm , CA125 ≤65 U/mL before cycle 3 , normal CA125 and no evidence of disease postchemotherapy ) previously reported were evaluated for long-term outcomes . Patterns of relapse and survival were consistent in both groups for the intent-to-treat population . Median survival time was 57.5 months for oregovomab and 48.6 months for placebo with an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.72 ( 95 % confidence interval , 0.41 - 1.25 ) . Median survival has not been reached in the hypothesis generating subset of patients receiving oregovomab . Cox multivariate regression analysis identified velocity of CA125 rise at relapse to be a highly statistically significant predictor of postrelapse outcome ( P=0.006 ) . Although time-to-relapse may be a useful surrogate of survival in ovarian cancer immunotherapy studies , 5 years of follow-up has proved insufficient to permit a definitive survival analysis and it has been extended in ongoing phase III studies of oregovomab . Velocity of CA125 rise at relapse is a highly significant predictor of survival after relapse Malignant ascites is a common manifestation of advanced cancers , and treatment options are limited . The trifunctional antibody catumaxomab ( anti‐epithelial cell‐adhesion molecule x anti‐CD3 ) represents a targeted immunotherapy for the intraperitoneal ( i.p . ) treatment of malignant ascites secondary to epithelial cancers . In this phase II/III trial ( EudraCT 2004‐000723‐15 ; NCT00836654 ) , cancer patients ( n = 258 ) with recurrent symptomatic malignant ascites resistant to conventional chemotherapy were r and omized to  paracentesis plus catumaxomab ( catumaxomab ) or paracentesis alone ( control ) and stratified by cancer type ( 129 ovarian and 129 nonovarian ) . Catumaxomab was administered as an i.p . infusion on Days 0 , 3 , 7 and 10 at doses of 10 , 20 , 50 and 150 μg , respectively . The primary efficacy endpoint was puncture‐free survival . Secondary efficacy parameters included time to next paracentesis , ascites signs and symptoms and overall survival ( OS ) . Puncture‐free survival was significantly longer in the catumaxomab group ( median 46 days ) than the control group ( median 11 days ) ( hazard ratio = 0.254 : p < 0.0001 ) as was median time to next paracentesis ( 77 versus 13 days ; p < 0.0001 ) . In addition , catumaxomab patients had fewer signs and symptoms of ascites than control patients . OS showed a positive trend for the catumaxomab group and , in a prospect ively planned analysis , was significantly prolonged in patients with gastric cancer ( n = 66 ; 71 versus 44 days ; p = 0.0313 ) . Although adverse events associated with catumaxomab were frequent , they were manageable , generally reversible and mainly related to its immunologic mode of action . Catumaxomab showed a clear clinical benefit in patients with malignant ascites secondary to epithelial cancers , especially gastric cancer , with an acceptable safety profile Thirteen patients with epithelial ovarian cancer , who did not show any detectable lesion after cisplatin-containing chemotherapy following primary operation , were treated with adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes ( TIL group ) .  Eleven patients with almost equivalent conditions of disease , who were treated with only chemotherapy following primary operation , served as a control group . The median time of follow-up was 36 ( range , 23 - 44 ) months in the TIL group and 33 ( range , 14 - 48 ) months in the control group . The estimated 3-year overall survival rate of disease-free patients in the TIL group and in the control group was 100 % and 67.5 % , respectively . A significant difference was noticed between the overall survival rate of the TIL group and the control group ( P < 0.01 ) . Furthermore , the estimated 3-year disease-free survival rate of the patients in the TIL group and in the control group was 82.1 % and 54.5 % , respectively . The disease-free survival rate of patients in the TIL group and in the control group was significantly different ( P < 0.05 ) . These results suggest that the adoptive transfer of TILs after all chemotherapy has been finished might be one promising method to achieve complete cure of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer Fifty-two patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were treated with yttrium-90-labelled monoclonal antibody HMFG1 administered intraperitoneally following conventional surgery and chemotherapy as part of an extended phase I-II trial . The treatment was well tolerated and the only significant toxicity observed was reversible myelosuppression as previously described . Following conventional surgery and chemotherapy , 21 out of the 52 patients had no evidence of residual disease and were regarded as receiving treatment in an adjuvant setting . To date , two of these patients have died of their disease ( follow-up 3 - 62 months , median follow-up 35 months ) . This extended phase I-II study suggests that patients with advanced ovarian cancer who achieve a complete remission following conventional therapy may benefit from further treatment with intraperitoneal radioactive monoclonal antibody PURPOSE To determine whether abagovomab maintenance therapy prolongs recurrence-free ( RFS ) and overall survival ( OS ) in patients with ovarian cancer in first clinical remission . PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III to IV ovarian cancer in complete clinical remission after primary surgery and platinum- and taxane-based chemotherapy were r and omly assigned at a ratio of 2:1 in a phase III , double-blind , placebo-controlled , multicenter study . Abagovomab 2 mg or placebo was administered as 1-mL suspension once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks ( induction phase ) and then once every 4 weeks ( maintenance phase ) until recurrence or up to 21 months after r and om assignment of the last patient . The primary end point was RFS ; secondary end points were OS and immunologic response . RESULTS Characteristics of the 888 patients included : mean age , 56.3 years ; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status , ≤ 1 in > 99 % of patients ; serous papillary subtype , 81.5 % ; stage III , 85.9 % ; and cancer antigen 125 ≤ 35 U/mL after third cycle , 80.9 % . Mean exposure to study treatment ( ± st and ard deviation ) was 449.7 ± 333.08 days . Hazard ratio ( HR ) of RFS for the treatment group using tumor size categorization ( ≤ 1 cm , > 1 cm ) was 1.099 ( 95 % CI , 0.919 to 1.315 ; P = .301 ) . HR of OS using tumor size categorization ( ≤ 1 cm , > 1 cm ) was 1.150 ( 95 % CI , 0.872 to 1.518 ; P = .322 ) . The most frequently reported type of adverse event was an injection site reaction in 445 patients ( 50.2 % ) , followed by injection site erythema and fatigue in 227 ( 25.6 % ) and 212 patients ( 23.9 % ) , respectively . By the final visit , median anti-anti-idiotypic antibody level was 493,000.0 ng/mL , indicating a robust response . CONCLUSION Abagovomab administered as repeated monthly injections is safe and induces a measurable immune response . Administration as maintenance therapy for patients with ovarian cancer in first remission does not prolong RFS or OS PURPOSE This was a multinational , open-label , r and omized phase III trial comparing yttrium-90-labeled murine HMFG1 ( 90Y-muHMFG1 ) plus st and ard treatment versus st and ard treatment alone in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer ( EOC ) who had attained a complete clinical remission after cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy . PATIENTS AND METHODS In total , 844 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage Ic to IV patients were initially screened , of whom 447 patients with a negative second-look laparoscopy ( SLL ) were r and omly assigned to receive either a single dose of 90Y-muHMFG1 plus st and ard treatment ( 224 patients ) or st and ard treatment alone ( 223 patients ) . Patients in the active treatment arm received a single intraperitoneal dose of 25 mg of 90Y-muHMFG1 ( target dose 666 MBq/m2 ) . The primary end point was length of survival ; secondary end points included time to relapse and safety . The study had an 80 % power to detect a 15 % change in survival . RESULTS After a median follow- 
    Output:
    
Most of the studies we evaluated reported a positive outcome from treatment with specific immunotherapy , although this was not significant