***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: Facial expression recognition is a central feature of emotional and social behaviour and previous studies have found that alcoholics are impaired in this skill when presented with single emotions of differing intensities . The aim of this study was to explore biases in alcoholics ' recognition of emotions when they were a mixture of two closely related emotions . The amygdala is intimately involved in encoding of emotions , especially those related to fear . In animals an increased number of withdrawals from alcohol leads to increased seizure sensitivity associated with facilitated transmission in the amygdala and related circuits . A further objective therefore was to explore the effect of previous alcohol detoxifications on the recognition of emotional facial expressions .  Fourteen alcoholic in patients were compared with 14 age and sex matched social drinking controls .  They were asked to rate how much of each of six emotions ( happiness , surprise , fear , sadness , disgust and anger ) were present in morphed pictures portraying a mix of two of those emotions . The alcoholic group showed enhanced fear responses to all of the pictures compared to the controls and showed a different pattern of responding on anger and disgust . There were no differences between groups on decoding of sad , happy and surprised expressions . In addition the enhanced fear recognition found in the alcoholic group was related to the number of previous detoxifications . These results provide further evidence for impairment in facial expression recognition present in alcoholic patients . In addition , since the amygdala has been associated with the processing of facial expressions of emotion , particularly those of fear , the present data furthermore suggest that previous detoxifications may be related to changes within the amygdala Most studies investigating the recognition of facial expressions have focused on static displays of intense expressions . Consequently , research ers may have underestimated the importance of motion in deciphering the subtle expressions that permeate real-life situations . In two experiments , we examined the effect of motion on perception of  subtle facial expressions  and tested the hypotheses that motion improves affect judgment by ( a ) providing denser sampling of expressions , ( b ) providing dynamic information , ( c ) facilitating configural processing , and ( d ) enhancing the perception of change .  Participants viewed faces depicting subtle facial expressions in four modes ( single-static , multi-static , dynamic , and first-last ) . Experiment 1 demonstrated a robust effect of  motion  and suggested that this effect was due to the dynamic property of the expression . Experiment 2 showed that the beneficial effect of  motion  may be due more specifically to its role in perception of change . Together , these experiments demonstrated the importance of motion in identifying subtle facial expressions OBJECTIVE To describe patterns of  alcohol consumption  in the adult Brazilian population . METHOD Multicluster r and om sample of 2,346 subjects 18 years of age or older , selected nationwide . Interviews were conducted in respondents ' homes between November 2005 and April 2006 . RESULTS About 48 % of the sample had not drunk alcoholic beverages in the past year , with variations by gender , age , marital status , education , income and region of the country . Among drinkers , 29 % reported drinking 5 or more drinks per occasion ( men , 38 % ) . Sociodemographic variables are associated with the frequency and amount of drinking , alcohol problems , and alcohol abuse and dependence . Among the whole sample ( including drinkers and non drinkers ) , 28 % reported binge drinking , 25 % reported at least one kind of alcohol related problem , 3 % were alcohol abusers and another 9 % were alcohol dependent . DISCUSSION Abstinence is high in the Brazilian population . However , elevated proportions of those who drink consume alcohol in a high risk pattern ( binge-drinking ) , report a high level of alcohol problems , alcohol abuse and dependence . National public policies must consider these factors , as well as the regional Brazilian differences 
    Output:
    
RESULTS The findings of some studies indicate that alcoholics have greater impairment in facial expression recognition tasks , while others could not differentiate the clinical group from controls .
However , there was a trend toward greater deficits in alcoholics .
Alcoholics displayed less accuracy in recognition of sadness and disgust and required greater emotional intensity to judge facial expressions corresponding to fear and anger .