***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: OBJECTIVES 1 . To study the effect of forty days of Yogic exercises on cardiac functions in Type 2 Diabetics . 2 . To study the effect of forty days of Yogic exercises on blood glucose level , glycosylated hemoglobin . METHODS The present study done in twenty-four Type 2 DM cases provides metabolic and clinical evidence of improvement in glycaemic control and autonomic functions .  These middle-aged subjects were type II diabetics on antihyperglycaemic and dietary regimen . Their baseline fasting and postpr and ial blood glucose and glycosylated Hb were monitored along with autonomic function studies . The expert gave these patients training in yoga asanas and they pursued those 30 - 40 min/day for 40 days under guidance . These asanas consisted of 13 well known postures , done in a sequence . After 40 days of yoga asanas regimen , the parameters were repeated . RESULTS The results indicate that there was significant decrease in fasting blood glucose levels from basal 190.08 + /- 18.54 in mg/dl to 141.5 + /- 16.3 in mg/dl after yoga regimen . The post pr and ial blood glucose levels decreased from 276.54 + /- 20.62 in mg/dl to 201.75 + /- 21.24 in mg/dl , glycosylated hemoglobin showed a decrease from 9.03 + /- 0.29 % to 7.83 + /- 0.53 % after yoga regimen . The pulse rate , systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly ( from 86.45 + /- 2.0 to 77.65 + /- 2.5 pulse/min , from 142.0 + /- 3.9 to 126.0 + /- 3.2 mm of Hg and from 86.7 + /- 2.5 mm of Hg to 75.5 + /- 2.1 mm of Hg after yoga regimen respectively ) . Corrected QT interval ( QTc ) decreased from 0.42 + /- 0.0 to 0.40 + /- 0.0 . CONCLUSION These findings suggest that better glycaemic control and stable autonomic functions can be obtained in Type 2 DM cases with yoga asanas and pranayama . The exact mechanism as to how these postures and controlled breathing interact with somato-neuro-endocrine mechanism affecting metabolic and autonomic functions remains to be worked out Previous studies have suggested that Taiji practice may improve immune function . This study was intended to examine whether 5 months of moderate Taiji and Qigong ( TQ ) practice could improve the immune response to influenza vaccine  in older adults . Fifty older adults ( mean age 77.2 + /- 1.3 years ) participated in this study ( TQ N = 27 ; wait-list control [ CON ] N = 23 ) . Baseline pre-vaccine blood sample s were collected . All subjects then received the 2003 - 2004 influenza vaccine during the first week of the intervention . Post-vaccine blood sample s were collected 3 , 6 and 20 weeks post-intervention for analysis of anti-influenza hemagglutination inhibition ( HI ) titers . We found a significant ( p < 0.05 ) increase in the magnitude and duration of the antibody response to influenza vaccine in TQ participants when compared to CON . The vaccination result ed in a 173 , 130 , and 109 % increase in HI titer at 3 , 6 , and 20 weeks post-vaccine , respectively , in the TQ group compared to 58 , 54 , and 10 % in CON . There was a significant between group difference at 3 and 20 weeks post-vaccine and at 20 weeks the TQ group had significantly higher titers compared to the pre-vaccine time point , whereas the CON group did not . A higher percentage of TQ subjects also responded to the influenza A strains with a protective ( > 40HI ) antibody response ( 37 % TQ vs. 20 % CON for the H1N1 strain and 56 % TQ vs. 45 % CON for the H3N2 strain ) , but the differences between groups were not statistically significant . Traditional TQ practice improves the antibody response to influenza vaccine in older adults , but further study is needed to determine whether the enhanced response is sufficient to provide definitive protection from influenza infection This study was design ed to investigate the efficacy of Qigong as a non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension and evaluate the contribution of Qigong in the blood pressure ( BP ) reduction of essential hypertension patients . Fifty-eight patients volunteered to participate in this study and were r and omly divided into either a Qigong group ( n = 29 ) , or a wait list control group ( n = 29 ) . In response to 10 weeks of Qigong , systolic blood pressure ( SBP ) , diastolic blood pressure ( DBP ) , and rate pressure product ( RPP ) were decreased significantly . There was a significant reduction of norepinephrine , epinephrine , cortisol , and stress level by the Qigong . These results suggest that Qigong may reduce BP and catecholamines via stabilizing the sympathetic nervous system . Therefore , Qigong is an effective nonpharmacological modality to reduce BP in essential hypertensive BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of a qigong training program on blood biochemical parameters . MATERIAL / METHODS Twenty-nine healthy subjects participated in the study of whom 16 were r and omly assigned to the experimental group and 13 to the control . The experimental subjects underwent daily qigong training for one month . Blood sample s for the quantification of biochemical parameters ( total cholesterol , HDL , LDL , triglycerides , phospholipids , GOT , GPT , GGT , urea , creatinine ) were taken before and after the training program . As statistical analysis , ANCOVA was performed . RESULTS Statistically significant differences were found showing that the experimental group had lower serum levels of GOT ( glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase ) , GPT ( glutamic-pyruvic transaminase ) , and urea and that there was a trend towards significance in GGT ( gamma-glutamyltransferase ) . CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that after practicing qigong for the short period of one month , noteworthy changes in several blood biochemical parameters were induced . While it is tempting to speculate on the relevance and implication s of these biochemical variations , further investigation is needed to eluci date the scope of these findings OBJECTIVES To describe the prevalence of self reported sleep disturbances in older men and women and to describe their relationships with health status and cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) . DESIGN Cross-sectional study of sleep disturbance , CVD , general health , psychosocial factors , physical function , and use of psychotropic medications . SETTING Participants of the Cardiovascular Health Study , 5201 adults aged 65 and older recruited from a r and om sample of noninstitutionalized Medicare enrollees in four US communities . MEASURES  Self-reported sleep disturbances and st and ardized question naires for cardiopulmonary symptoms and diseases , depression , social support , activities of daily living , physical activity , cognitive function , and current medications , spirometry , ECG , echocardiography , and carotid ultrasound . RESULTS Women were twice as likely as men to report difficulty falling asleep ( 30 % vs 14 % ) . Daytime sleepiness , difficulty falling asleep , and frequent awakenings increased in prevalence with age . All symptoms were related strongly to depression . Symptoms of daytime sleepiness were also related strongly to poor health and limitations in activities of daily living in men and women . In multivariate analysis , men taking benzodiazepines were likely to report difficulty falling asleep and daytime sleepiness , whereas women taking benzodiazepines reported difficulty falling asleep and waking up too early . After accounting for these factors , the only cardiovascular disease independently associated with sleep disturbances was angina . Men and women with confirmed angina were 1.6 times more likely to report trouble falling asleep . Independent relationships between sleep disturbances and cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity , hypertension , smoking , and diabetes were relatively weak and inconsistent , though smokers were less likely to report frequent awakenings . CONCLUSIONS Sleep disturbances are relatively common in older men and women and are associated with poor health , depression , angina , limitations in activities of daily living , and the use of benzodiazepines 
    Output:
    
Findings from the studies review ed support the potential clinical effectiveness of mind-body practice s in improving indices of the metabolic syndrome