***TASK*** the task is to summarize an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***INPUT*** the input is a biomedical literature 
    ***OUTPUT*** the output is the summary of an input biomedical literature in six sentences 
    ***DOCUMENTATION*** 
    ***EXAMPLES*** 
    Input: OBJECTIVES To identify risk factors for early failure of immediately placed  implants in molar regions associated with three bone regenerative techniques . METHODS Ninety-two patients ( 44 women and 48 men ; mean age 50 years , 35 smokers and 57 non-smokers ) in need of a single implant crown to replace a molar were included . After placing the implant , patients were r and omized to one of three treatment groups for bone reconstruction of remaining periimplant defects : Autologous bone ( AB ) chips , Ossix membrane ( OM ) or a combination of AB chips and OM . The implant was submerged , and after 4 months of healing a re-entry surgery was made to connect a healing abutment . Implants with a dehiscence on ≥2 sites ( mesial/distal/oral/buccal ) together with ≥50 % visible threads , were judged as failures . A series of simple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for failure among the following independent variables : sex , jaw , smoking status , plaque , bleeding on probing , fistula , extraction reason , mean initial periimplant defect size , treatment group , implant length , buccal bone dehiscence ( BBD ) , soft-tissue dehiscence and infection . The identified risk factors entered a multiple logistic regression analysis . RESULTS Fifteen implants failed before abutment operation ( 13 explantations/two non-osseointegrated ) . Treatment group had no impact on failure . Risk factors for failure were : Smoking > 10 cigarettes/day ( odds ratio [OR]=9.29 , confidence interval [CI]=1.21 - 71.16 ) , BBD ( OR=11.43 , CI=1.34 - 97.74 ) and infection ( OR=36.7 , CI=2.75 - 489.31 ) . CONCLUSIONS Implants placed immediately after extraction of a molar were associated with a high risk for failure at abutment operation . There was no difference in failure rate between three bone reconstructive techniques The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival and success rates of immediately restored implants with s and blasted , large-grit , acid-etched ( SLA ) surfaces over a period of 5 years . Twenty patients ( mean age , 47.3 years ) received a total of 21 SLA wide-neck implants in healed m and ibular first molar sites after initial periodontal treatment . To be included in the study , the implants had to demonstrate primary stability with an insertion torque value of 35 Ncm . A provisional restoration was fabricated chairside and placed on the day of surgery . Definitive cemented restorations were inserted 8 weeks after surgery . Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs ( CPITN ) indices and the radiographic distance between the implant shoulder and the first visible bone-implant contact ( DIB ) were measured and compared over the study period . The initial mean CPITN was 3.24 , and decreased over the study period to 1.43 . At the postoperative radiographic examination , the mean DIB was 1.41 mm for the 21 implants , indicating that part of the machined neck of the implants was placed slightly below the osseous crest . The mean DIB value increased to 1.99 mm at the 5-year examination . This increase proved to be statistically significant ( P < .0001 ) . Between the baseline and 5-year examinations , the mean bone crest level loss was 0.58 mm . Success and survival rates of the 21 implants after 5 years of function were 100 % . This 5-year study confirms that immediate restoration of m and ibular molar wide-neck implants with good primary stability , as noted by insertion torque values of at least 35 Ncm , is a safe and predictable procedure PURPOSE To evaluate whether the combination of 5 surgical techniques in implant dentistry could be performed simultaneously in a predictable manner as effectively as each technique separately . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Immediately post extraction , 12 wide-diameter ( WD ) implants were placed in maxillary first or second molar sites . The residual vertical bone height ranged between 6 and 9 mm ( average 7.8 mm ) . An internal sinus elevation , via the osteotomy site , was carried out in 10 sites using an osteotome tool implants were then self-tapped into the osteotomy site followed by Insertion of a customized healing screw . Consequently , horizontal gaps between the bony walls and the implant neck were filled by either bovine bone mineral or tricalcium phosphate particles . Full soft tissue closure around the healing cap screw was achieved by coronal positioning of the buccal flap . RESULTS Soft tissue healing around the 12 implants was immaculate . In 10 sites , Internal osteotome sinus membrane elevation result ed in a height gain of between 2.5 and 6 mm ( average 4.3 mm ) . Radiographically , bone-to-implant contact was evident . All implants were integrated and the prosthetic phase was completed after 6 months . DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The combination of 1-stage technique and immediate placement of WD implants , along with internal sinus floor elevation and no soft tissue reflection at the time of implantation , is an achievable task and can be performed predictably . Time , cost , and morbidity are reduced , and the prosthetic solution is also eased for the benefit of the patient BACKGROUND Step-wise reduction in loading protocol s is necessary to evaluate early loading of implants with m and ibular overdentures . PURPOSE To compare the success rates of two different dental implant systems following conventional or early loading protocol s in patients being rehabilitated with m and ibular overdentures . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Forty-eight edentulous participants were r and omly allocated to two different implant systems : one with a machined titanium implant surface ( Sterioss , Nobel Biocare , Yorba Linda , California , USA ) and the other with a roughened titanium surface ( Southern Implants , Irene , South Africa ) . For each system , the participants were further divided into control groups , in whom m and ibular implant overdentures and their respective matrices were inserted following a st and ard 12-week healing period , and test groups , in whom a 6-week healing period was followed prior to identical loading . Two unsplinted implants to support implant overdentures were placed in the anterior m and ible of all participants , using a st and ardized one-stage surgical procedure . Mobility tests and marginal bone levels , as well as peri-implant parameters , were evaluated at each baseline and 52 and 104 weeks after surgery . RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in the success rates of the two systems in either control or test groups . At the 2-year evaluation , a success rate was found of 87.5 % and 70.8 % for the control and test Sterioss groups , respectively , and 83.3 % and 100 % for the control and test Southern Implants groups were observed . For the Sterioss groups , eight implants were lost at an early stage : seven in the test group and one in the control group . For the Southern Implants control and test groups , no failures were seen at any time interval . There were no significant differences in marginal bone loss , Periotest values , and peri-implant parameters between implant systems or between any of the control or test groups . CONCLUSIONS Early loading , with step-wise reductions in loading protocol s , of unsplinted machined Sterioss and roughened Southern Implants fixtures with m and ibular overdentures is possible for up to 2 years PURPOSE This prospect i ve r and omized controlled trial aim ed to compare single implant-supported m and ibular molar restorations  using either an immediate or a delayed loading protocol . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Thirty subjects requiring single m and ibular molar replacement were consecutively treated . One implant was placed in each patient . Fifteen subjects were assigned to delayed loading protocol and 15 to immediate loading protocol  according to a r and omization table . After insertion , the delayed loaded implants were connected to a healing abutment and restored after 3 to 4 months of healing without loading . The immediately loaded implants were loaded within 24 hours of surgery with a provisional restoration . The interim prosthesis was placed in centric occlusion . All contacts in lateral excursions were eliminated . At implant placement the maximum value of insertion torque was recorded . Radiographic bone level change was measured on periapical radiographs obtained at the time of implant placement and 12 months after loading . Means of the 2 groups were compared by Student t test and analysis of variance ( ANOVA ) . The level of significance was set at .05 . RESULTS No implants were lost in the delayed loading group ( 0/15 ) , whereas 1 implant failed ( 1/15 ) in the immediate loading group . No differences were observed in relation to implant length or insertion torque between the groups . The average radiographic bone level change after 1 year of function was 1.2 + /- 0.55 mm ( range , 0.5 to 2.6 mm ) and 0.77 + /- 0.38 mm ( range , 0.29 to 1.23 mm ) for the delayed loaded and the immediately loaded implants , respectively . The difference in radiographic bone level change between the delayed and immediate loading groups was statistically significant ( P = .022 ; CI = -0.79 to -0.06 ; Student t test ) . CONCLUSIONS Immediate loading of wide-diameter implants supporting single restorations in m and ibular molar sites seems to be a suitable clinical option . Moreover , the radiographic bone level change observed after 12 months of loading was significantly less for immediately loaded implants Purpose : To evaluate and compare peri-implant health , marginal bone loss and success of immediate and delayed implant placement for rehabilitation with full-arch fixed prostheses . Material and Methods : The present study was a prospect i ve , r and omized , single-blind , clinical preliminary trial . Patients were r and omized into two treatment groups . In Group A implants were placed immediately post- extraction and in Group B six months after extraction . The following control time-points were established : one week , six months and twelve months after loading . Measurements were taken of peri-implant crevicular fluid volume , plaque index , gingival retraction , keratinized mucosa , probing depth , modified gingival index and presence of mucositis . Implant success rates were evaluated for the two groups . The study sample included fifteen patients ( nine women and six men ) with a mean average age of 63.7 years . One hundred and forty-four implants were placed : 76 placed in healed sites and 68 placed immediately . Results : At the moment of prosthetic loading , keratinized mucosa width and probing depth were higher in immediate implants than delayed implants , with statistically significant differences . However , after six and twelve months , differences between groups had disappeared . Bone loss was 0.54 ± 0.39 mm for immediate implants and 0.66 ± 0.25 mm for delayed implants ( p=0.201 ) . No implants failed in either group . Conclusions : The present study with a short follow-up and a small sample yielded no statistically significant differences in implant success and peri-implant marginal bone loss between immediate and delayed implants with fixed full-arch prostheses . Peri-implant health showed no statistically significant differences for any of the studied parameters ( crevicular fluid volume , plaque index , gingival retraction , keratinized mucosa , probing depth , modified gingival index and presence of mucositis ) at the twelve-month follow-up . Key words : Immediate implants , delayed implants , peri-implant health , success rate OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the bone density around immediately loaded oral implants by a new volumetric CT scan ( Maxiscan ) and to compare it with that of unloaded implants . MATERIAL AND METHODS Four patients with an age range from 44 to 65 years old were selected for this study . All the patients needed a prosthetic rehabilitation in partially edentulous posterior maxillas or m and ibles . A total of 12 oral implants were placed in the four patients . Six of these implants were immediately loaded while six were left unloaded . Six months after placement , immediately loaded and unloaded oral implants were analyzed by a volumetric CT scan . RESULTS The overall success rate in this study with immediately loaded oral implants was 100 % . The radiological assessment s showed that the mean densitometric profile , which is a measure of bone mineralization , was higher in the immediately loaded group than in the unloaded group . The differences observed between the two groups of oral implants ( immediately loaded and unloaded ) were statistically significant ( P<0.05 ) . The bone was significantly more dense around immediately loaded than unloaded oral implants on the basis of a radiological assessment . CONCLUSION The innovative aspect of this clinical study is to propose a new method to analyze the bone density , reducing the need for histological analysis from human biopsy PURPOSE To compare the outcome of immediate non-occlusal loading and that of delayed implant loading in the bilateral replacement of single m and ibular molars . MATERIAL S AND METHODS This study was design ed as a r and omised , controlled , split-mouth trial . Twenty patients with bilaterally missing first m and ibular molars had one of the sites to be restored r and omly assigned to be treated with immediately or conventionally loaded single implants . A total of 40 implants were bilaterally installed . All the implants were inserted in healed healthy bone with an insertion torque between 35 and 45 Ncm . One molar was restored with a non-occluding temporary crown within 24 h after implant placement , while the contralateral molar was restored with a definitive crown 4 to 5 months later , according to a two-stage procedure . Final restorations were provided 4 to 5 months after implant placement for all implants . Outcome measures 
    Output:
    
The prognosis for single molar implants provides a viable treatment option for replacing a single missing tooth in the posterior quadrants of the maxilla and m and ible .
There does not appear to be a significant difference in the survival rates of immediately placed implants compared with delayed implant placement .
However , the success rates were slightly higher with delayed loading protocol s than immediate loading protocol