human
The task is to decide the Hallmarks of Cancer (HOC) taxonomy of the article based on its abstract. The input is an abstract text. There are 10 topics you will need to decide whether the article is related to. Topics: sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, activating invasion and metastasis, genomic instability and mutation, tumor promoting inflammation, cellular energetics, avoiding immune destruction. The output should be topics from the above 10 topics, that are related to the input article. Please note one article can be related to multiple topics. Output format: provide a semicolon-separated list of relevant topics.
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    INPUT: BACKGROUND Angiogenic factors following oncological surgery is important in tumor recurrence . Vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) , angiopoietin 1 ( Ang-1 ) , Ang-2 , soluble VEGF-receptor 1 ( sVEGFR1 ) and sVEGFR2 may influence angiogenesis . This prospective study examined the influence of open and video-assisted thoracic surgery ( VATS ) lung resections for early stage non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) on postoperative circulating angiogenic factors . METHODS Forty-three consecutive patients underwent major lung resection through either VATS ( n = 23 ) or Open thoracotomy ( n = 20 ) over an 8-month period . Blood samples were collected preoperatively and postoperatively on days ( POD ) 1 and 3 for enzyme linked immunosorbent assay determination of angiogenic factors . RESULTS Patient demographics were comparable . For all patients undergoing major lung resection , postoperative Ang-1 and sVEGFR2 levels were significantly decreased , while Ang-2 and sVEGFR1 levels markedly increased . No significant peri-operative changes in VEGF levels were observed . Compared with open group , VATS had significantly lower plasma levels of VEGF ( VATS 170 Â± 93 pg/mL ; Open 486 Â± 641 pg/mL ; P = 0.04 ) and Ang-2 ( VATS 2484 Â± 1119 pg/mL ; Open 3379 Â± 1287 pg/mL ; P = 0.026 ) on POD3 . CONCLUSIONS Major lung resection for early stage NSCLC leads to a pro-angiogenic status , with increased Ang-2 and decreased Ang-1 productions . VATS is associated with an attenuated angiogenic response with lower circulating VEGF and Ang-2 levels compared with open . Such differences in angiogenic factors may be important in lung cancer biology and recurrence following surgery .
    OUTPUT:

agent
inducing angiogenesis
The task is to decide the Hallmarks of Cancer (HOC) taxonomy of the article based on its abstract. The input is an abstract text. There are 10 topics you will need to decide whether the article is related to. Topics: sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, activating invasion and metastasis, genomic instability and mutation, tumor promoting inflammation, cellular energetics, avoiding immune destruction. The output should be topics from the above 10 topics, that are related to the input article. Please note one article can be related to multiple topics. Output format: provide a semicolon-separated list of relevant topics.
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    INPUT: BACKGROUND Angiogenic factors following oncological surgery is important in tumor recurrence . Vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) , angiopoietin 1 ( Ang-1 ) , Ang-2 , soluble VEGF-receptor 1 ( sVEGFR1 ) and sVEGFR2 may influence angiogenesis . This prospective study examined the influence of open and video-assisted thoracic surgery ( VATS ) lung resections for early stage non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) on postoperative circulating angiogenic factors . METHODS Forty-three consecutive patients underwent major lung resection through either VATS ( n = 23 ) or Open thoracotomy ( n = 20 ) over an 8-month period . Blood samples were collected preoperatively and postoperatively on days ( POD ) 1 and 3 for enzyme linked immunosorbent assay determination of angiogenic factors . RESULTS Patient demographics were comparable . For all patients undergoing major lung resection , postoperative Ang-1 and sVEGFR2 levels were significantly decreased , while Ang-2 and sVEGFR1 levels markedly increased . No significant peri-operative changes in VEGF levels were observed . Compared with open group , VATS had significantly lower plasma levels of VEGF ( VATS 170 Â± 93 pg/mL ; Open 486 Â± 641 pg/mL ; P = 0.04 ) and Ang-2 ( VATS 2484 Â± 1119 pg/mL ; Open 3379 Â± 1287 pg/mL ; P = 0.026 ) on POD3 . CONCLUSIONS Major lung resection for early stage NSCLC leads to a pro-angiogenic status , with increased Ang-2 and decreased Ang-1 productions . VATS is associated with an attenuated angiogenic response with lower circulating VEGF and Ang-2 levels compared with open . Such differences in angiogenic factors may be important in lung cancer biology and recurrence following surgery .
    OUTPUT:
