human
The task is to decide the Hallmarks of Cancer (HOC) taxonomy of the article based on its abstract. The input is an abstract text. There are 10 topics you will need to decide whether the article is related to. Topics: sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, activating invasion and metastasis, genomic instability and mutation, tumor promoting inflammation, cellular energetics, avoiding immune destruction. The output should be topics from the above 10 topics, that are related to the input article. Please note one article can be related to multiple topics. Output format: provide a semicolon-separated list of relevant topics.
    ###
    INPUT: PURPOSE Metabolic dependence on glucose utilisation has been described for different tumours characterised by activation of Akt , upregulation of GLUT1 , M2PK and TKTL1 . To date , however , little is known about glucose metabolism in breast cancer tissue . METHODS We analysed 55 breast cancer specimens , 26 adjacent ductal carcinomas in situ ( DCIS ) and 23 adjacent normal breast tissues for expression of glycolytic markers by immunohistochemistry . RESULTS We found expression of pAkt in 49% , GLUT1 in 25% , M2PK in 68% and TKTL1 in 31% of the tumours investigated . Expression of pAkt and Her2neu are positively correlated with borderline significance ( P = 0.055 ) . Expression of pAkt , GLUT1 and TKTL1 were higher in breast cancer and DCIS than in normal tissue . Surprisingly , M2PK expression was highest in normal breast tissue . CONCLUSIONS We found a glycolytic phenotype in a high percentage of breast cancer samples . Inhibition of glycolysis might evolve as a future option for breast cancer therapy .
    OUTPUT:

agent
cellular energetics
The task is to decide the Hallmarks of Cancer (HOC) taxonomy of the article based on its abstract. The input is an abstract text. There are 10 topics you will need to decide whether the article is related to. Topics: sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, activating invasion and metastasis, genomic instability and mutation, tumor promoting inflammation, cellular energetics, avoiding immune destruction. The output should be topics from the above 10 topics, that are related to the input article. Please note one article can be related to multiple topics. Output format: provide a semicolon-separated list of relevant topics.
    ###
    INPUT: PURPOSE Metabolic dependence on glucose utilisation has been described for different tumours characterised by activation of Akt , upregulation of GLUT1 , M2PK and TKTL1 . To date , however , little is known about glucose metabolism in breast cancer tissue . METHODS We analysed 55 breast cancer specimens , 26 adjacent ductal carcinomas in situ ( DCIS ) and 23 adjacent normal breast tissues for expression of glycolytic markers by immunohistochemistry . RESULTS We found expression of pAkt in 49% , GLUT1 in 25% , M2PK in 68% and TKTL1 in 31% of the tumours investigated . Expression of pAkt and Her2neu are positively correlated with borderline significance ( P = 0.055 ) . Expression of pAkt , GLUT1 and TKTL1 were higher in breast cancer and DCIS than in normal tissue . Surprisingly , M2PK expression was highest in normal breast tissue . CONCLUSIONS We found a glycolytic phenotype in a high percentage of breast cancer samples . Inhibition of glycolysis might evolve as a future option for breast cancer therapy .
    OUTPUT:
