***TASK***
the task is to simplify the input abstract of a biomedical literature

***INPUT***
the input is the abstract of a biomedical literature

***OUTPUT***
the output is the simplified abstract for the input abstract of a biomedical literature

***DOCUMENTATION***

***EXAMPLES***

Input: Fifteen studies (8 parallel, 7 crossover; 352 patients) were included. Only one study enrolled women. Studies evaluated the effects of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i), zinc, vitamin E, vitamin D or bromocriptine compared to placebo. PDE5i significantly increased the overall International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) score (2 studies, 101 patients, MD 10.65, 95% CI 5.34 to 15.96), all its individual domains and the complete 15-item IIEF tool (1 study, 41 patients, MD 2.64, 95% CI 1.32 to 3.96). End of treatment testosterone levels were not significantly increased by addition of zinc to dialysate (2 studies, 22 patients, MD 0.21 ng/mL, 95% CI -2.14 to 2.55) but oral zinc improved end of treatment testosterone levels (1 study, 20 patients, SMD 1.62, 95% CI 0.58 to 2.66). There was no difference in plasma luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormone levels at the end of the study period with zinc therapy. Only sparse data were available for vitamin E, bromocriptine and dihydroxycholecalciferol in CKD patients and there were no studies of intracavernous injections, transurethral injections, mechanical devices or psychosexual therapies in people with CKD. PDE5i and zinc are promising interventions for treating sexual dysfunction in men with CKD. Evidence supporting their routine use in CKD patients is limited. There is an unmet need for studying interventions for both male and female sexual dysfunction in CKD, considering the significant disease burden.
Output:

We identified 15 studies enrolling 352 patients with only one study enrolling both men and women. Studies evaluated the effects of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i), zinc, vitamin E, vitamin D or bromocriptine compared to placebo. In two studies (101 patients) PDE5i significantly increased the individual domains and the overall International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) score and the complete 15-item IIEF tool (1 study, 41 patients). End of treatment testosterone levels were not significantly increased by addition of zinc to dialysate (2 studies, 22 patients) but oral zinc improved end of treatment testosterone levels (1 study, 20 patients). There was no difference in plasma luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormone levels at the end of the study period with zinc therapy. Little data were available for vitamin E, bromocriptine and dihydroxycholecalciferol in CKD patients and there were no studies of intracavernous injections, transurethral injections, mechanical devices or behavioural therapy in people with CKD. PDE5i and zinc are promising interventions for treating sexual dysfunction in men with CKD however evidence supporting their routine use in CKD patients is limited. There is an unmet need for studying interventions for both male and female sexual dysfunction in CKD, considering the significant disease burden.