***TASK***
the task is to simplify the input abstract of a biomedical literature

***INPUT***
the input is the abstract of a biomedical literature

***OUTPUT***
the output is the simplified abstract for the input abstract of a biomedical literature

***DOCUMENTATION***

***EXAMPLES***

Input: Only one study was included. This time series study assessed the migration of Philippine nurses to the United States of America (USA) from 1954 to 1990. We re-analysed it as an interrupted time series study. The intervention was a modification of migratory law in the US, called the 'Act of October 1965', which decreased the restrictions on Eastern hemisphere immigrants to the USA. The analysis showed a significant immediate increase of 807.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) 480.9 to 1134.3) in the number of nurses migrating to the USA annually after the intervention. This represents a relative increase of 5000% over the underlying pre-intervention trend. There were no significant differences in the slopes of the underlying trends for the number of nurses migrating between the pre- and postintervention periods. There is an important gap in knowledge about the effectiveness of policy interventions in either HICs or LMICs that could regulate positively the movement of health professionals from LMICs. The only evidence found was from an intervention in a HIC that increased the movement of health professionals from a LMIC. New initiatives to improve records on the migration of health professionals from LMICs should be implemented, as a prerequisite to conducting more rigorous research in the field. This research should focus on whether the range of interventions outlined in the literature could be effective in retaining health professionals in LMICs. Such interventions include financial rewards, career development and continuing education, improving hospital infrastructure, resource availability, better hospital management and improved recognition of health professionals.
Output:

In most cases, efforts to regulate health worker migration have not been properly evaluated. The review authors found only one study that met their stated requirements for types of study designs. This study looked at the impact of United States (US) immigration law on the number of nurses emigrating from the Philippines to the USA. US government immigration laws were changed in the 1960s, giving equal access to European and non-European immigrants. The study measured the number of nurses migrating from the Philippines to the USA in the years before and after the law had changed. The study showed that: - The change in US immigration laws probably increased the number of nurses migrating from the Philippines to the USA. The quality of this evidence is moderate. The review shows that there is a huge gap in our knowledge about the effectiveness of policy interventions that attempt to regulate the movement of health professionals from low- and middle-income countries.