***TASK***
the task is to simplify the input abstract of a biomedical literature

***INPUT***
the input is the abstract of a biomedical literature

***OUTPUT***
the output is the simplified abstract for the input abstract of a biomedical literature

***DOCUMENTATION***

***EXAMPLES***

Input: We included 16 randomized controlled trials of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers in this systematic review, with 2768 randomized participants. Drugs studied included amlodipine, lercanidipine, mandipine, nifedipine, and felodipine (all administered once daily) and nicardipine (administered twice daily). We analyzed and presented data by hour post dose. The blood pressure-lowering effect was stable over time; there were no clinically important differences in blood pressure-lowering effect of calcium channel blockers between each hour for either systolic blood pressure (estimated mean hourly differences ranged between 9.45 mmHg and 13.2 mmHg) or diastolic blood pressure (estimated mean hourly differences ranged between 5.85 mmHg and 8.5 mmHg). However, there was a moderate risk of bias for this finding. Once-daily dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers appeared to lower blood pressure by a relatively constant amount throughout the 24-hour dosing interval. Six dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers studied in this review lowered blood pressure by a relatively similar amount each hour over the course of 24 hours. The benefits and harms of this pattern of blood pressure lowering are unknown. Further trials are needed with accurate recording of time of drug intake and with reporting of standard deviation of blood pressure at each hour. We did not attempt to assess adverse effects in this review due to the lack of reporting and the short duration of follow-up.
Output:

This review explores whether the blood pressure lowering effect of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers in adults (aged 18 years or over) with high blood pressure (systolic blood pressure (the upper blood pressure reading) of at least 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (the lower blood pressure reading) of at least 90 mmHg, or both of these) is consistent or variable over a 24-hour period. We performed a review of studies that compared the 24-hour blood pressure lowering effects of six of these drugs versus a control treatment for at least three weeks. Blood pressure needed to be measured by an ambulatory blood pressure monitor, which is a device that automatically measures blood pressure at regular intervals. We performed searches for clinical trials up to February 2014. We found 16 trials involving 2768 participants that studied five drugs given once a day (amlodipine, lercanidipine, mandipine, nifedipine, and felodipine) and one drug given twice a day (nicardipine). The amount of blood pressure lowering by dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers stayed relatively the same at every hour throughout a 24-hour day. The average hourly differences in blood pressure were between 9.45 mmHg and 13.2 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and between 5.85 mmHg and 8.5 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure. At the present time, the benefits and harms of this pattern of blood pressure lowering are unknown. We judged the overall quality of the evidence to be moderate. Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate.