***TASK***
the task is to simplify the input abstract of a biomedical literature

***INPUT***
the input is the abstract of a biomedical literature

***OUTPUT***
the output is the simplified abstract for the input abstract of a biomedical literature

***DOCUMENTATION***

***EXAMPLES***

Input: We included six RCTs with a total of 248 participants; none of the trials were determined to have overall low risk of bias. We found 12 ongoing trials, from which we were unable to retrieve any data. Only two trials provided data on mortality, and one was a zero event study; thus the meta-analysis showed no statistically significant effect on overall mortality (2.6% vs 9.5%, RR 0.28, 95% CI 0.03 to 2.33). Our analyses on blood transfusion data suggest a beneficial effect of fibrinogen concentrate in reducing the incidence of allogenic transfusions (RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.72) but show no effect on other predefined outcomes, including adverse events such as thrombotic episodes. In the six available RCTs of elective surgery, fibrinogen concentrate appears to reduce transfusion requirements, but the included trials are of low quality with high risk of bias and are underpowered to detect mortality, benefit or harm. Furthermore, data on mortality are lacking, heterogeneity is high and acute or severe bleeding in a non-elective surgical setting remains unexplored. Currently, weak evidence supports the use of fibrinogen concentrate in bleeding patients, as tested here in primarily elective cardiac surgery. More research is urgently needed.
Output:

In the present Cochrane systematic review, we set out to assess the benefits and harms of fibrinogen concentrate in patients with bleeding. We searched the databases to August 2013, we identified six randomized trials in cardiac and elective surgical settings that compared fibrinogen concentrate (248 participants) with placebo/other sources or no treatment. Additionally, we found 12 ongoing trials, but we were unable to retrieve any data from them. We could not identify beneficial effects of fibrinogen concentrate on patient survival. In our predefined outcomes, we identified a reduced proportion of patients requiring donor blood transfusion. We could not identify reduced blood loss or any harms or adverse events caused by treatment with fibrinogen concentrate. However, all trials were of low quality and were small, so evidence in support of fibrinogen concentrate in patients with bleeding remains weak.