***TASK***
the task is to simplify the input abstract of a biomedical literature

***INPUT***
the input is the abstract of a biomedical literature

***OUTPUT***
the output is the simplified abstract for the input abstract of a biomedical literature

***DOCUMENTATION***

***EXAMPLES***

Input: Treatment with naftidrofuryl tended to show reduction of pain evaluated by both analogue score and analgesic consumption, but the effect was statistically non-significant (mean difference (MD): 0.42; 95% confidence interval (CI)1.19 to 0.35). Similarly, improvement in rest pain or skin necrosis occurred, but these effects were also non-significant. The effect on mean ankle systolic pressure was inconclusive. Based on the results of these trials, it cannot be confirmed that intravenous naftidrofuryl is effective in the treatment of people with critical limb ischaemia. However, these results were based on trials of generally low methodological quality which had only a small number of participants, the duration of treatment was extremely short, and the methods varied between the trials. The wide range of endpoints effectively precluded any meaningful pooling of the results. Intravenous naftidrofuryl was withdrawn as a treatment for severe peripheral arterial disease in 1995 because of reported side effects.
Output:

The review authors identified eight controlled trials that randomly allocated a total of 269 participants from five different countries to receive intravenous naftidrofuryl, other treatments, and placebo alone or with another treatment. There was no clear indication that short-term intravenous naftidrofuryl significantly improves either symptoms of ischaemic rest pain or skin necrosis. Treatment with naftidrofuryl tended to reduce pain, measured using a scale or with analgesic consumption, and improve rest pain and skin necrosis but the effects were not clear (statistically significant). The trials were generally of low methodological quality, included small numbers of predominantly elderly participants with varying levels of severity of critical limb ischaemia and used different measures of effect. The duration of treatment was short, from three to 42 days, most often seven days. Other treatments were haemodilution, anti-coagulant medication, prostaglandins, bed rest and reflex heating, and gingko biloba. Side effects included mild blood clotting (thrombophlebitis) at the injection site and in one trial two participants experienced renal insufficiency. Intravenous naftidrofuryl was withdrawn as a treatment for severe peripheral arterial disease in 1995 because of reported side effects.