***TASK***
the task is to simplify the input abstract of a biomedical literature

***INPUT***
the input is the abstract of a biomedical literature

***OUTPUT***
the output is the simplified abstract for the input abstract of a biomedical literature

***DOCUMENTATION***

***EXAMPLES***

Input: Two randomised controlled trials (142 infants) met the inclusion criteria of this review. We found no differences in the rates of mortality when the needle was removed immediately after aspiration (risk ratio (RR) 3.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88 to 17.58; participants = 70; studies = 1) or left in situ (RR 1.50, 95% CI 0.27 to 8.45; participants = 72; studies = 1) or complications related to the procedure. With immediate removal of the needle following aspiration, 30% of the newborns did not require the placement of an intercostal tube drainage. None of the 36 newborns treated with needle aspiration with the angiocatheter left in situ required the placement of an intercostal tube drainage. Overall, the quality of the evidence supporting this finding is very low. There is insufficient evidence to establish the efficacy and safety of needle aspiration and intercostal tube drainage in the management of neonatal pneumothorax. The two included trials showed no differences in mortality; however the information size is low. Needle aspiration reduces the need for intercostal tube drainage placement. Limited or no evidence is available on other clinically relevant outcomes.
Output:

We included one study (enrolling 70 newborn infants) that compared needle aspiration followed by immediate removal to chest tube placement for the treatment of pneumothorax and one study (72 newborn infants) that compared needle aspiration with the angiocatheter left in situ to chest tube placement for the treatment of pneumothorax. Evidence is up to date as of June 2018. The use of needle aspiration compared to chest tube placement did not reduce mortality or any complications related to the procedure. About 30% of the infants with pneumothorax who were treated with needle aspiration followed by immediate removal never required the placement of an intercostal tube; none of the infants with pneumothorax who were treated with needle aspiration left in situ required the placement of an intercostal tube. However multiple factors might explain this finding. The two small trials identified do not provide sufficient information to determine which of the two techniques is better to treat pneumothorax in neonates. However it seems that needle aspiration might reduce the need for an intercostal tube in a relevant proportion of newborn infants.