In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities. 
### Entity Markup Guides:
Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.

### Input Text: This was associated with a reduced activation state of AKT , as well as an increased bax / bcl2 ratio in Western blots , indicating cardiac apoptosis .
### Output Text:
This was associated with a reduced activation state of AKT , as well as an increased bax / bcl2 ratio in Western blots , indicating cardiac apoptosis . 