Effect Of Health Education About Snack Foods On Snack Food Preferences In Elementary School Students At SdnJagir 1/393 Surabaya

Snack food is a type of snack that is very popular with school children and is difficult to separate. School children usually buy snacks without considering their nutritional content. Excessive children’s preference for snacks can have a negative impact such as decreased appetite and cause various kinds of diseases due to less hygienic food. The study aimed to analyze the effect of health education on snack foods on the preferences (preferences) of snack foods on elementary students at Jagir Elementary School 1/393 Surabaya.Pre-Experimental research design with one group pre-post test design approach. The number of samples is 70 students consisting of grades 4, 5 and 6. Sampling using probability sampling with stratified random sampling technique and using a questionnaire as a measuring instrument. Data were analyzed using Paired T-Test with a significance level of 0.05. The results of the study using Paired T-Test obtained a value of ρ = 0,000 with a significance level of α = 0.05 means ρ <α, then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted which means that there is an influence of health education on snack foods on snack food preferences elementary school students at SDN Jagir 1/393 Surabaya. This study concludes that health education has an effect on elementary students on the preference of snack foods. Suggestions, for the school, to be taken into consideration in increasing students’ knowledge in choosing healthy, safe and nutritious snacks.


INTRODUCTION
Snack food is a type of snack that is very popular with school children and is difficult to separate, both in the home environment and at school they are always surrounded by vendors of snacks. The food offered by snack sellers is not necessarily healthy, because some of them pay less attention to cleanliness, food safety, and available nutritional content. School children usually buy snacks without considering their nutritional content, regardless of whether the snacks are healthy or not, contain preservatives, dangerous dyes, use artificial sweeteners, and contain excessive flavoring.
The choice of foods that are formed early will still affect their food preferences as adults.
Excessive children's preference for snacks can have a negative impact such as decreased appetite and cause various kinds of diseases due to less hygienic food. Such joy can also cause the nutritional needs of school children not to be fulfilled if the food is not balanced. Based on Hastutic research (2018), it showed that the majority of students liked the type of snack food in the form of batagor, somay, fried food, cimol, and cilok as many as 17 students (60.7%). In the study of AisyiyatunSholehah (2016), it was found that students who did not like fruits and vegetables were (77.3%).
Another study conducted by LeilyAmalia (2012), in all snack groups, a minimum of 60% of subjects made taste as the main reason for enjoying snacks, followed by prices (6% -27%).
Very few subjects make nutritional aspects of the reason for liking and choosing snacks (0-6%).
Based on the results of a preliminary survey conducted by researchers at SDN Jagir 1/393

MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study used Pre-Experiment research with a one-group pre-post test design approach.
The population in this study were all students of Processing, Cleaning, Tabulating, after that it is analyzed using paired T-test and before analyzing use normality test with a significance level of α = 0.05. Table 1 shows that out of 70 respondents almost half (41.4%) are 11 years old. The results of the pre-test answers obtained showed that 11-year-olds entered the category of snack foods. This is because school-age children spend most of their time in school environments so that children will have greater potential to get food from outside the home, one of which can be obtained through street food sold in general. Wong (2009) states that school age is a child at the age of 6-12 years, whereas in Indonesia it is usually a child aged 7-12 years, which means that school is a core experience for children. Febriani (2018), states that age factors influence children's knowledge based on the age, maturity, and strength of a person will be more mature in thinking so they can choose snacks that are clean or not clean.  given so that the knowledge gained will be better, then attitudes and behavior will also be better.          increase in the number of respondents who like healthy snacks, this can be seen from the results of interviews with several students, some of them said they always had breakfast before going to school and there were students who brought lunch from home so they did not often buy snacks outside the school when recess. Even though two weeks they want to buy snacks, they prefer to buy filling snacks such as bread. Hastutik (2018), states that the provision of food prepared from home will be more easily monitored for its nutritional content, hygiene, and cleanliness, and can avoid children's habits for snacks at school.