Multifunction Green Open Space for Environmental Education

With huge pressures from a rapidly growing population, Jakarta suffers from an increasingly low Environmental Quality Index (IKLH). In 2016 and 2017 it was the only province in Indonesia with the IKLH index “alert” according to the Ministry of Environmental and Forestry. Improving the quantity and quality of Green Open Space (GOS) is one way to counter this issue, and this initiative is undertaken by the DKI Jakarta Government to improve the quality of its environment. However, land limitations remain a challenge. The solution of the DKI Jakarta Government is to create multifunction GOS that combine various interests and facilities. The purpose of this study is to identify potential educational benefits from multifunction GOS, using qualitative analysis via literature study. The results suggest that the GOS provide economic, social and educational improvements. Most of the articles said that education through GOS is the second benefit that people can get. This study concludes that GOS can serve to improve environmental awareness in visitors, via indirect educational methods.


Introduction
By a prediction in 2030, Indonesia will get a demographic dividend. Demographic dividend is an economic benefit caused by a decrease in the dependency ratio as a result of a decrease in long-term fertility [1]. The demographic dividend that occurs in Indonesia also impacts the demographic dividend in Jakarta as the capital city of Indonesia. The total population of Jakarta in 2018 is 10,467,600 people and it is predicted that by the end of 2019 it will be 10,577,800 people [2]. This population increase does not make Jakarta Capital City's area increase, so it has an impact on the city's growth process. While population growth is followed by increasing of ecological, economic and social needs.
Along with the increase in population, there will be an increase in the utilization of natural resources. The Government of DKI Jakarta always carries out urban development  [3] and in 2017 it was 35.78 [4] and as the only province in Indonesia with the IKLH category " alert "(standard alert category is 30≤ IKLH ≤ 40). The physical development of the city to support the facilities and infrastructure of the city's needs is carried out by the Government of DKI Jakarta, which finally forgets the needing of land for Green Open Space (GOS). Through GOS can maintain the ecosystem. Realizing this, DKI Jakarta Government has a regional regulation (Peraturan Daerah) DKI Jakarta No. 1 year 2012 about Spatial Planning and Regional Planning (RTRW) as outline for city development, which is required to provide GOS as much as 30% of the total land area of DKI Jakarta Province. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's) became a shared ideal agreed by countries in the world that contained 17 goals with 169 measurable achievements and by the United Nations as the world agenda for sustainable development for the good of humanity and planet earth on October 21, 2015 as ambitions to be achieved in 2030, is one of the ambition of DKI Jakarta Province also. How to provide continues city development without forget next generation as our grandchild? GOS seems the answer of the question. But how develop GOS with minimal area inDKI Jakarta Province ? GOS, is the application of number 3 (good health and well being) and number 15 (life on land) SDG's. In its effort to provide this GOS, the Government of DKI Jakarta has always tried to meet the needs of its people for other aspects, namely economic, ecological and social aspects. GOS according to the Regional Regulation (Peraturan Daerah) of DKI Jakarta no. 1 of 2012 is an elongated area / lane and / or group that is used more open, a place to grow plants naturally or planted. As an elaboration of the spirit of the DKI Jakarta Government to provide its community/citizen needs in a balanced and healthy manner and healthy environment, a Medium-Term Regional Development  (4) ecological functions [6].
Not to be separated from it all, the aspirations of the community as consumers of visitors to green space should also be assessed satisfaction. Customer satisfaction is a match between the benefits sought by customers and the satisfaction provided by producers [5]. It is expected that with the satisfaction of the community for the facilities built and provided by the government will create a sense of sustainable ownership.  The concept of Taman Maju Bersama that represented by DKI Jakarta is to accommodate 3 interests, they are government interest as the party who must preserve the environment and service providers to the community, the community as the customer and the environment itself as a counterweight to nature. DOI  Mr. Sandiaga Uno, as the deputy governor of DKI Jakarta on April 9, 2018 explained, "The basic difference is that this park together will collectively accommodate the wishes of citizens to participate, starting from planning, procurement, utilization to future management" [8] The concept of development of each Taman Maju Bersama location is different, the similarity is the proportional green space must be 90%. Accommodating the wishes of the community is expected to increase the effectiveness of community visits to green space so that it has an impact on improving the health of the community itself and the

Methods and Equipment
In this study, researchers used a qualitative method with a literature study approach

Results
This research will describe some of the results of research that has been done related to multifunction GOS, they are: 1. GOS can be as facilities that can be used for activities, including city parks, cemetery parks, sports fields, urban forests and others that require green facilities, namely green lines along roads, river borders, railroad tracks, and below high voltage line.

Discussion
In the introduction research question were formulated: What is the advantage by giving some areas to be planted by trees specially in limited area such as DKI Jakarta? and One thing that should not be left out is as a means to provide environmental education for children because education from an early age will create and shape identity in the future

Conclusion
The green open space created by the DKI Jakarta government is one way to address environmental, social and economic problems. Multifunction GOS is the solution to created over all components so that the various problems surrounding Jakarta can be resolved gradually and together. Environmental education is expected to be one of the second benefits that can be generated from this multi-purpose green space, in addition to the main benefit is to provide improved environmental quality. It is expected that environmental education that children and adults unnoticed as GOS visitors who directly interact with the abiotic and biotic environment can create intelligent humans who are aware of the environment Increasing the quantity and quality of GOS is a challenge for the Government of DKI Jakarta to provide appropriate services for citizens of the DKI Jakarta community, especially in the environmental field. Promoting the love of the environment so that a balance arises between environmental sustainability and development carried out to be the next challenge so that the goal of creating a "Jakarta Sustainable City" can be effectively realized. DOI  All of these things done by the Government of DKI Jakarta have a very big final goal which is to provide a balance between the use of natural resources and the preservation of natural resources for sustainable living in accordance with the spirit of SDG's