Aggressive Behavior: Comparative Study on Girls and Boys in The Middle School

Adolescents in carrying out social actions sometimes show behaviours that harm or hurt others such as insulting, teasing, bullying, fighting, and various other actions. This social act is called aggressive behaviour. Like as controlling themselves, especially their emotions, girls and boys have significant differences in their actions. Therefore, there may also be differences between girls and boys in engaging in aggressive behaviour. Therefore, this study aims to compare of the aggressive behaviour in middle school from the perspective of girls and boys. 200 middle school’s students in Kayu Agung, South Sumatera (100 girls and 100 boys) as research respondents in this comparative. The results of the T-test found that the value of sig. (two-tailed) = 0.000, which means less than 0.05. So that boy students who have a higher tendency to aggressiveness than girls with an average score of boy respondents are 79.73 and girls are 69,46.


INTRODUCTION
Adolescence is a period of transition from children to adults. This transitional period has several significant changes in adolescents both in biological development, cognitive, emotional, capabilities, social environment, family and peer relationships [1][2]. These changes make adolescence often referred to as a period of Strom and stress. Hurlock [3] explains that adolescence is a period of attention that results from changes in adolescents. This stressful period requires adolescents to be able to control their emotions.
Emotional control in adolescents can be said to be unstable (unstable). Emotion is an intense feeling directed at someone or something, a reaction or event, and can be shown when feeling happy, angry, anxious, or afraid [4][5]. In adolescents, adolescents' emotions are often not well controlled; these feelings and emotional reactions can be shown based on the reasoning and thinking of adolescents. Emotional planning appears to be violent or aggressive behavior.
Aggressive behavior is a serious problem in various European and American countries. Like Mexico, Spain and Sweden [6]. These countries are not only aggressive but also a fundamental problem in the world of education in particular. The Indonesian Child Protection Commission noted that in 2019 there had been violent behavior committed by Middle School and Senior High School youth. Indonesian Child Protection Commission record from January to October 2019 [7] recorded 127 cases of violence in educational institutions, including physical, psychological, and sexual violence. This data also shows the perpetrators of violence committed by 37 students out of 48 perpetrators of violence by teachers and parents. The high number of cases of violence shows that prevention of youth aggressiveness is a priority in educational institutions to improve education itself [7]. The survey results indicate that the behaviors carried out by Indonesian teenagers.
Such violent behavior should be prevented if schools and teachers, especially school counselors, can identify tendencies of youth aggressiveness. Aggressiveness is a treatment to hurt others [8]. Furthermore, aggression is also defined as a behavior to hurt other people or objects around. Aggressive included in behavior disorders in general can be in the form of physical and verbal abuse [5]. However, aggressive behavior can also be in the form of relational, verbal, and physical aggression which is done openly or covertly [4]. Aggressive behavior can be done physically, namely by injuring others or by verbal abuse to hurt the feelings of others [9]. Aggressiveness can occur due to several factors, including psychological, low self-esteem, low life satisfaction, and negative attitudes towards teachers, and the school environment [10][11] [12]. Every individual who gets this influence can develop aggressive behavior. Not only for men but also for women. Boy and girl students who are still in the transition stage and their unstable emotional changes are an important concern for teachers and educational institutions as well as school counselors. So, the emotions of students in high school can flow better. So, school counselors and teachers can identify student behavior in their schools. Aggressive behavior should get more attention at school because it will have an impact on the development of students at school and later in life. Indications of a tendency for aggressive behavior in adolescents show that later in adulthood they can commit more violence than adolescents with low aggression tendencies [13][14].
The most crucial process of Boys and Girls gender development occurs during childhood and adolescence. Women and men have different emotions in dealing with the factors that cause the development of aggressive behavior. Emotional reactions of adolescents that tend to be unstable and controlled, such as statements of anger, sadness, joy and may still be changing and changing at a fast pace are one of the causes of aggressive behavior in which the higher the management of emotional intelligence, the more aggressive the adolescent's behavior [15] [16]. Women are reported to have more positive emotions and attitudes towards school, stronger relationships with parents, and positive skills in friendship compared to men [14]. Various theories and results of aggressive research can be carried out by both Boys and Girls adolescents and differences in aggressive behavior. This study aims to see whether there are differences in the tendency of aggressive behavior in boy and girl students in Middle School.

METHOD
To describe in-depth the differences in the level of aggressive behaviour between boy and girl students in high school, this study uses a comparative study. Through this research design, the data obtained were analysed in-depth on 200 middle school's students in Kayu Agung, South Sumatera (100 girl students, 100 boy students) filled in an inventory of aggressive behaviour tendencies.
Inventory filling by respondents was carried out using a Likert scale response (1 = never and 5 always) aggressive behaviour by students. Data analysis was performed statistically using the T-test on SPSS, and data descriptions of the "high", "medium" and "low" students in tending to behave aggressively. With the research hypothesis, "There are differences in the behaviour trends of girl and boy students in Middle Schools.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
This study aims to analyze the aggressive behavior of boy and girl students in Middle School. Based on the results of the data assessment of 200 respondents (100 girl students and 100 boy students) this goal can be achieved. The research respondents are described in two schemes, namely, the results of the study and the T-test comparison of the total score of behavioral behavior in the two groups of respondents and the comparison of the number of times in each category of aggressive behavior. The results of the study based on the proportion and criteria of aggressive behaviour can be seen in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Comparation of the percentage of aggressive behavior of girls and boy's middle school's student
Shows those boy students are more likely to behave aggressively than girl students. Where in high aggressive behavior, boy students more than 14% than the girl and overall boy students are mostly in the medium and high categories, namely 85% of boy students tend to be aggressive compared to girl students by 77%.
From the description above, it can be concluded that boy students in Middle School have a higher tendency to aggressive behavior than girl students. When examined further, the difference can be said to be quite large, namely as much as 8%. These findings are in line with the findings of [17] regardless of the influence of race and stage of development, Boys adolescents show a higher level of aggression than Girls adolescent. Not only for high school students, but this difference was also confirmed by Bukhari, SR., Rashid, A., & Ali, FA., [9] where the research was conducted at the tertiary level. The results showed that men had a higher level of aggression than women in the form of anger and physical violence. For women, aggression occurs in the form of hostility and verbal violence. Not only have terms, but other forms of aggressiveness also showed different levels of aggression in men and women. Moyano, N., et al. [18] oriented to sexual aggressiveness shows the results of research that men tend to commit 2 times more violence against women and this occurs in adolescence.
Various findings show that men have a higher tendency to aggression than women, both adolescents, and adults. This difference indicates the existence of supporting factors. Nivette, A., et al. [19] show that in 63 countries, in general, men are prone to aggression.
However, this shows a lot of gender inequality in society even though legally there is no treatment between genders. Apart from gender inequality, depression, academic stress is also a factor in the occurrence of aggression in adolescents in high school [20]. The influence of a positive family environment can influence the aggressive behavior of Girls adolescents, while in Boys adolescents a positive community group environment is a suppressor factor for aggression, but it can also influence aggression in adolescents if it occurs negatively where will contribute more to adolescent boys [21].
The description above shows that men have a higher tendency than women to be aggressive in behavior. This can occur because based on several studies it was found that aggression in men has different functions. On men aggression against men aimed at gaining advantage and power, while aggression on women serving from women [22]. This shows that there is a perspective that men have a big role so that they can carry out aggression freely.
Although different forms of aggression tend to appear especially in adolescence, Archer [23], in a meta-analysis, emphasizes that research findings in this area depend on the instruments used to measure aggression and the individual characteristics of adolescents. Some studies have shown that this sex difference is only detected when analyzing the aggressive behavior of a particularly violent group [24].
Gender differences among society often show that men have the ability and power so that it is possible that some areas with high levels of gender stereotypes are able to illustrate that men have a higher tendency to aggressive behavior than women. But psychologically, women and men have the same developmental stage. The development of civilization, science and technology is able to provide a flexible view of adolescents. In adolescents, both girls and boys, views about gender differences can be lost at this time. Adolescence shows that individuals at this stage are able to think and escape from various superficial perceptions of gender differences. Broad thinking, professional, autonomous, critical and able to consider the views of adolescents will be able to assess the rights and roles of women and men in society [25]. The development of science and technology and the development of human civilization shows that gender differences should give power to men so that many aggressive actions can control the tendency of adolescents to behave socially which in the future includes acting aggressively.
However, the tendency of aggressive behavior in both boy and girl students shows that sooner or later in the school environment and later on in adolescents there will be disputes and acts of violence that can be detrimental and harm both the perpetrators and victims of the aggression. This can happen because although civilization, science and technology continue to Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 513 develop, several other factors also influence the formation of aggressive behavior in adolescents. Other factors that can influence the actions, perceptions and personalities of adolescents are family, school, peers, and the media [25]. Family has a very important role in human development. Even though adolescents already have a broader and free view, it does not mean that the family can escape from their development. In the socialization process, the family has a big influence on adolescents because it is from their families that they will develop a sense of trust, values, norms, and behavior which will then be in accordance with the local community. Therefore, if in the family there is a pattern of parenting that shows violence, abuse, humiliation, and aggressive behavior, then adolescents can do this behavior and even do it in everyday life.
School also has a big influence on the development of adolescent social behavior. School is a second place for individuals who spend time after family life. In Indonesia, compulsory schooling is 12 years. Of course, during those 12 years the school was able to contribute to the development of children and adolescents. The school climate can influence the actions of adolescents, both adolescent behaviors, and develop them. This includes positives such as developing self-esteem and negatives such as developing aggressive behavior. Aggressive behavior in the school environment often occurs both among students and between students and educators. The existence of unlawful actions that are detrimental and detrimental to even hurting students can also cause this aggressive behavior. Furthermore, the existence of peer groups at school can also develop this behavior.
Although technological developments are able to provide a broader perspective on gender equality, media technology can also have an impact on the formation of aggressive behavior. This is shown by the spread of various media without clear control of various cases of crime, violence and humiliation that can be imitated by teenagers. Freedom of media users who claim that there is cyber bullying. Therefore, parents, schools and the counselors they run together contribute in preventing and developing aggressive behavior in both girls and boys and women to provide programs and education in managing these tendencies and resolving aggressive behavior that has occurred among high school students.

CONCLUSION
The tendency for aggressive behaviour is the possibility for someone to commit violence both physically and verbally to injure, hurting, or damaging another person or property. The tendency of aggressive behaviour in boy and girl students has a quite significant difference where boy students have a higher tendency to aggression than girl students in Middle School.
Aggression in men is more likely to physical aggression while women to verbal aggression.