The effect of parenting patterns and learning motivation towards citizenship lesson (PPKn) learning outcomes 11th grade SMA Negeri 3 Lumajang, second term academic year of 2017-2018

Education plays significant part in many ways of living. It brightens world and forming civilization. Nowadays, along with globalization steam, citizenship lesson in term of PPKn (Pendidikan Kewarnegaraan) is a compulsory subject to be studied in all level. Hence, according to many research, students learning outcomes were insufficient. This study was conducted to analyze the presence or absence of significant influence on activeness in scout exttraculicular activities and student learning interest in learning outcomes of historical subjects in SMAN 3 Lumajang. The research design was exposto facto and correlational. To determine the sample using proportional random sampling, as many as 65 respondents. Data collection methods used were questionnaires and tests. Data were analyzed by correlation and regression. The results of the study showed that: 1) there was an effect of the parenting pattern on learning outcomes in historical subjects because of the significance value of 0,000 with a contribution of 20.6% and 2) there is a significant effect of interest in learning on learning outcomes of historical subjects of 0,000, and a contribution of 20.8%.


Introduction
Education is a necessity in developing and for the continuity of civilization in human resources. Therefore it is necessary to prepare a young generation to meet the challenges especially in the learning outcomes of PPKn (Citizenship Lesson). The phenomenon shows precisely the contradiction with that demand. PPKn learning outcomes, especially SMAN 3 Lumajang showed that students did not seem to achieve proper PPKn learning outcomes, even though they had received PPKn education from primary school. The learning process at school or education in the family that should have supported the PPKn learning outcomes.
Through education at school, students as the successor of the nation from previous leaders to the progress of a nation, starting from the basic level up to the top level need to be implemented learning that can foster a spirit of learning and student motivation to achieve better achievement, especially for the eyes PPKn lessons that apply a lot of memory, observation and analysis of a lesson delivered. This needs to be done because one of the factors that drives a person to get better results is due to a strong urge in a person and the surrounding environment, to achieve it which is basically strongly influenced by discipline in that person.
Parenting in the family according to Djamarah [1] means parents behaviour, in leading, caring for and guiding children in the family. Nurturing in the sense of guarding by caring for and educating him. Guide by helping, training and so on. The family is a batih family institution called nuclear familly. According to Ahmad Tafsir [1] parenting means education. Thus, parenting is a parental effort that is consistent and consistent in looking after and guiding children from birth to adolescence. But unfortunately, not all parents able do it. For example, parents who are busy working all day to meet the material needs of their children, time spent outside the home, away from family, do not have time to witness the development of their 2 children, and rarely have time to provide guidance, so children's education is neglected. Children who generally feel safe to be close to their parents are those who tend to obey the rules that apply in the family environment [2].
Discipline is compliance to respect and implement a system that requires people to submit to decisions, orders or regulations that apply to themselves [3]. Discipline is a form of obedient behavior and is subject to applicable regulations but compliance is more emphasized on self-awareness not because of coercion. However, in reality many human disciplinary behaviors are motivated by coercion or restraining rules. So the assumption that develops among the people that discipline means rigid and scary. Sudjana [4] argues that Indonesia's national education system the formulates educational goals, both curricular and instructional goals, engages the classification of learning outcomes from Benjamin Bloom which broadly divides them into three domains, namely the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. The domain is used as an indicator of the PPKn learning outcomes. With the possibility of parenting, and student learning discipline has an influence on the learning outcomes of PPKn.
Thus, parenting parents about how parents in caring for children and what is taught to children, has a very big role in educating and shaping children's attitudes, especially in education. Through parenting and student learning discipline taught in the family will give an influence on the life of a child when he is an adult can become the successor of a smart and intelligent nation.
Learning outcomes of PPKn subjects in SMAN 3 Lumajang were not sufficient, allegedly partly because of parenting parents and inadequate student learning discipline in the family, this is allegedly among parental parenting patterns that are not optimal, and learning desires are very minimal . Thus what happens above the writer needs to conduct research on parenting parents and student learning discipline towards student learning outcomes of PPKn SMAN 3 Lumajang.

Method
This study is included in the type of ex post facto and correlational research, because researchers do not give treatment to the variables studied, and aims to assess whether there is a significant influence of parenting patterns and student learning discipline on learning outcomes of PPKn. The population in this study were SMAN 3 Lumajang, which the samples engaged were 65 students. Data collection techniques using questionnaires, tests, interviews and documentation. There are two types of validity that are used, namely content validity and construct validity, whereas to measure reliability the alpha cronbach formula is used. Data analysis methods used are correlation and regression analysis. To determine the effect of variable X1 on Y simple regression analysis, variable X2 on Y simple regression analysis, and X1, X2 on Y used multiple regression analysis

Results and Discussion
The first test in this study indicate that significant influence between parenting (X1) on learning outcomes of PPKn (Y) on SMAN 3 Lumajang students, based on the results of simple regression statistical analysis with the help of SPSS version 23, known F count = 16,256 with a significant level of 0,000 <0.05, which means there is a significant influence of parenting patterns on learning outcomes of PPKn. The direction of the relationship shows a positive direction, meaning that the better the pattern of parenting parents will result in increased PPKn learning outcomes, conversely the less good parenting patterns will result in decreased PPKn learning outcomes.
ANOVA The second test shows that there is significant influence of student learning discipline (X2) on learning outcomes of PPKn (Y) on SMAN 3 Lumajang students. Based on the results of simple regression statistical analysis with the help of SPSS version 23, it is known that F count = 7.009 with a significance level of 0.010 <0.05, which means there is a significant effect of student learning discipline on learning outcomes of PPKn. The direction of the relationship shows a positive direction, meaning that the better the discipline of students, the higher the learning outcomes of PPKn, conversely the lower the discipline of student learning the lower the PPKn learning outcomes.
ANOVA The third hypothesis (Ha) of this study is that there is a significant influence of parenting (X1) and student learning discipline (X2) together on the learning outcomes of PPKn (Y) on SMAN 3 Lumajang students. This third hypothesis is tested by multiple regression analysis. The third hypothesis was tested using parallel regression. Referring upon assessment of SPSS 23 version, there are several results obtained; 1. Constant value (a) is 23,067, b1 0,234, and b2 0,167, hence regression model formula as follows Y = 23,067=0,234X1 + 0,167X2 2. F count = 10,911 with significancy 0,000,0,05, hence H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted, means significant affection of parenting towards students learning habits towards citizenship learning outcomes. 3. To find out the magnitude of the effect of parenting and student discipline together on PPKn learning outcomes seen from the coefficient of determination that is equal to 0.236 which implies that 23.6% of the dependent variable PPKn learning outcomes are influenced by independent variables namely parenting parents and student learning discipline. 4. To determine the contribution of each variable, it can be seen from the results of the calculation of the partial correlation, namely the contribution of parenting (X1) to the learning outcomes of PPKn (Y) of 0.178. This shows that 17.8% of the PPKn learning outcomes variable is influenced by parenting, student learning discipline (X2) to the PPKn learning outcomes (Y) of 0.0696. This shows that 6.96% of the PPKn learning outcomes variable is influenced by student learning discipline. Based on the results of the data description, parenting (X1) of SMAN 3 Lumajang students can be said as moderate, since 65 respondents there were 28 students or 43.07% who obtained scores above the average (91.92), while the remaining 37 students or 56.92% scored below the average score. Based on the results of a simple regression analysis, it is known that F = 16,256 with the significance level is 0,000 <0.05, which means there is significant influence of parenting parents on learning outcomes PPKn. The regression equation obtained is Y = -15,145 + 0,260X1, the use of the formula from this equation can be exemplified as follows: If a student has a parenting score of 108, it can be predicted that the PPKn learning outcomes score is as follows: Y = -15,145 + 0,260 (108) = -15,145 + 28,08 = -15,145 + 28,08 = 12,935 The coefficient of determination that shows the influence of parenting (X1) on learning outcomes of PPKn (Y) is 20.5%. Such a large percentage, if converted to a table of interpretations of the coefficient of determination, is in the category of medium contribution. The existence of this contribution, has shown that parenting (X1) affects the learning outcomes of PPKn. From this we can see that parenting can determine a child's personality, so that it can also affect the learning outcomes that are always applied by parents. In accordance with the opinion of Djamarah [1] (2014: 22), therefore parents have the responsibility to educate children to be good people in society.
Description of student learning discipline data (X2) included in adequate category, since of the 65 respondents there were 60 students or 92.30% who scored above the average (61.88), while the remaining 5 students or 7.69% obtained score below average. This shows that the discipline of learning at SMAN 3 Lumajang is sufficient. Based on the results of a simple correlation analysis, it is known that F count = 7.009 with a significance analysis of 0.010 <0.05 then Ho is rejected Ha is accepted, which means there is an effect of student learning discipline on the learning outcomes of PPKn. The regression equation obtained is Y = -4,849 + 0,220 X2, the use of this equation can be modeled as follows: If a student receives a learning discipline score of 69, it can be predicted a score of Y = -4,849 + 0.220 (69) = -4.849 + 15.18 = -4.849 + 15.18 = 10.331.
The coefficient of determination that shows the magnitude of the effect of student learning discipline (X2) on learning outcomes of PPKn (Y) of 10.0% is in the low contribution. These findings indicate that the contribution of student learning discipline (X2) to the PPKn learning outcomes is greater when compared to the parenting variable variable (X1). If seen from the magnitude of the contribution of student learning discipline to the learning outcomes of PPKn, this is possible because of several possibilities, one of which is the desire that exists in students to learn is very low, there are no rules that support student learning discipline, lack of attention parents or teachers to discipline student learning every day so that students do not have rules that require them to be disciplined in their school responsibilities to get good PPKn learning outcomes. This is  2016), that the culture of learning discipline applied by students can produce good PPKn learning outcomes for students. With the habit of self-discipline in learning it will directly get good PPKn learning outcomes for students. In this study student learning discipline includes student learning activities in class that are always followed by students.

4.
Conclusion Based on the research, the following conclusions can be drawn; First, there is a significant influence of parenting parents on learning outcomes of PPKn of SMAN 3 Lumajang. This could be seen from the significant value of 0,000. The magnitude of the effect can be known from the coefficient of determination that is equal to 0.205 which means that parenting parents have a contribution of 20.5% on the learning outcomes of PPKn of SMAN 3 Lumajang students. The relationship between parenting parents with PPKn learning outcomes shows a positive direction, ie the higher the level of parenting parents of of SMAN 3 Lumajang towards PPKn learning outcomes, the higher the PPKn learning outcomes will be. Secondly, there is a significant influence of student learning discipline on the learning outcomes of PPKn on of SMAN 3 Lumajang students. This can be seen from the significance value of 0.010. The magnitude of the influence can be known from the coefficient of determination that is equal to 0.100 which means that the discipline of learning has a contribution of 10.0% to the formation of learning outcomes of PPKn in of SMAN 3 Lumajang students. The relationship of student learning discipline with PPKn learning outcomes shows a positive direction, ie the better the student's learning discipline, the higher the learning outcomes.