Influnce of Using Photographs in Descriptive Writing to the Students of Nursing

The objective of research was to know whether there was any influnces of using photographs in descriptive writing to the students of nursing. In fact, many nurse students still find difficulties in writing. They still find difficulties in expressing what they want to write and how to write. In overcoming those problems, in certain condition to interest them, teacher can use many media to help them producing good written. One of the media is the using of photograph in teaching learning writing. Photograph can make students find ideas in writing and it can help them to make descriptive text when they look the picture. The population was taken from the nurse students of Universitas Muhammadiyah Pringsewu. The writer took two classes for experiment and control. The data collecting technique used the writing test. The teacher gave some topics and the students had to make composition by choosing one of the topic. The analyzing the data, the writer used ttest. After calculated the data, the writer found that was use photographs was x 2ratio = 6.01, and that was without use photographs was x2ratio = 3.93. It can conclude there was any influence of using photographs in descriptive writing to the students of nursing. The writer suggested to English teacher should be use photographs as a media in teaching writing.


| ELT-Lectura: Studiesand Perspectives in English Language Teaching
Copyright© 2020 FiniWidyaFransiska There were four skills namely: listening skill, speaking skill, reading skill and writing skill. As we know that writing is the last language skill. Writing skill proses is the witer can share, telling about feeling, and give imaginesion for reader.
Writing was difficult one and sometimes many students do not like it.
They were confused what they want to write and materials were limited. The students feel difficult to make or write some sentences become story. The students only focus on one word by one word. The teacher should have many strategies in teaching English. Varying the instructional media and instructional material were needed. Many techniques, media and strategies can be done by English teaching.
The teacher guides and facilitates the students to get the message transmitted, and creating the conducive classroom such as: the classroom seat, the assessment, the learning activities, has a responsibility to create a good stimulation, guidance, direction and supporting the students well. In other side, the teacher also makes the students do not depend on the teacher itself who manage them continuously.
Preliminary data at nurse students of health faculty University of Muhammadiyah Pringsewu, the writer asked to one the students about this problem face many of the problems listed above. She said that writing has the most difficult from other skills, she found that the students felt difficult to write or make composition. They found difficulties in learning writing a story or it was known by descriptive text. Liem said that: "the purpose of teaching foreign language is to enable the students to use the language in communication". (Liem, 1975:3). Teacher in class not only give theory but also give them a lot of time to practice make some story.
Based on the statement above, resercher try to find a new media for nurse. It can make the new condition in class and make them creative and active. The teacher must to know what they want.
Photograph is one of new media can used for writing easly. Photograph as can be used in writing. The students can look the picture and help them to find a new vocabulary. Arif (2009: 29-49) based on the classification of visual media as the learning media, picture as one of visual medium consists of several types. They are as follow: Photo/ image are an image captured by means of photograph. It is the common language which can be understood, and enjoyed everywhere, Sketch is a simple picture, or a rough draft describing the main part without detail, Diagram is a simple picture using lines and symbols, and it describes the object in broad outline, Chart is a tool for presenting ideas or concepts that are difficult if only in writing or orally conveyed verbally, Graphs is a simple picture using dots, lines, or complete image sometime verbal symbol or also use there, Cartoon is interpretative used of symbols to convey a message quickly and succinctly, or an attitude toward people, situation, or certain events, Poster is an image that conveys certain impression, able to influence and motivate people's behaviors whom see it.
From statement above the resercher can conclude that photograph one of media to student can make descriptive text with a good composition. When they confused, they can see the picture details with colorful they can try to describing one person, or place. Photograph can make students enjoy in writing. They can be fun in that activity. In addition story circle can develop students' writing fluency.
Photogrpah one of descriptive writing techniques which aims to explain or describe something that is seen, heard, or felt. Ehrenhaft (2006:130) said that descriptive writing usually relies on sense impressions-records of what the eye sees, the ear heard, the nose smell, the tongue tastes, and the skill feel.
Descriptive writing produces create a visual image of people, voice, mood, place, even of units of time days, or reason, describe more than the outward appearance of people and tell about their trait of character or personality Photograph was collaborate with descriptive writing.
From the background of problem The writer assumed that the using of photograph media in make a story gave the influence to the students' writing abilities.

METHOD
The writer investigated the data which were obtained after giving the treatment to the subject and analyzed the descriptive wirting which is influenced by the use of photograph.
Control class and experimental class got a pre test before treatment was conducted and got a post test after the treatment was administered.
The population in this research was taken from the nurse students of Universitas Muhammdiyah Pringsewu. The sample of research used two classes. The first class was experiment consis of 40 students and the second class was control consis of 38 students. In collecting data the writer gave the test. After the writer got the result from the research the writer analyzed the data. In this research used t-test to know hypotesis and the influnces of using photographs in descriptive writing to the students of nursing. 1.
To know the hypothesis, writer does this step, whether any different between the averages of the students' writing ability that are touch by using photograph.
The formula of t-test as follow:

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
In collecting data the writer gave the test. The test was given to the samples which consist of two classes.

The Normality Test of Experiment Class
The table of the score of the students', it was obtained the highest score=85 and the lowest score=45 from n=40 The highest score = 85 The lowest score = 45 n = 40 Span (  It seen that x 2 cal < x 2 tab , so Ho is accepted which means that the data have normal distribution. From the result above, the writer stated that there is influnces of using photographs in descriptive writing to the students of nursing

Difference Hypotheses Two Averages
Ho is accepted if t cal ≥ t tab , with t tab = t(1α ) (dk) By looking G table, we can find t tab for α=5% or 0.05 t tab = 1.67 t cal =4.39 and t tab =1.67 it is attained that t cal > t tab . It means that Ho 2 is rejected andHa 2 is accepted. There was any positive and significant of who are taught writing using photograph.

CONCLUSION
The writer gives the conclusions: 1. Photograph make or write a composition easily and there is influnces of using photographs in descriptive writing to the students of nursing.
2. There is positive and significant influnces of using photographs in descriptive writing to the students of nursing. It was t ratio = 4.39and t tab = 1.67 it was attained that t cal > t tab. 3. The students score by using photograph was higher than without photograph. The score of experimental class was = 70.05 and the score of control class was = 58.82.
4. The students were enjoyed the teaching activity by using Photograph and teaching writing by using giving photograph is able to increase in writing skill.

SUGGESTION 1. Teacher
In teaching writing, teachers should used multiple media and tactics, such as: the photographs. By using this media, the students enjoy in writing a composition or story and understand the lesson easier. The students can share their ideas and interact more frequently.
The teacher should pay attention to their students' understanding about parts of text. The teacher should ladder tasks so that the students can improve their grammar, by beginning with simple task to complex concepts. The teacher checks the students' task or exercise directly in order to make the students' know their mistakes immediately. The photographs can be used to teach writing in the classroom.

Students
a. They must have high motivation to learn and practice especially in writing by loving the subject first. b. The students must listen when the teacher give explainnation in the materials. Don't frighten to ask and try to make sentence 3. School a. School gives more supporting equipment, such as language laboratory, adding the English literature books in the library or by doing more activities, b. It is good mentality and motivation and by making agenda of English Competition among the classes and to follow the English Competition in order department (out of school).
c. The headmaster should not be afraid to adopt new method or technique that is used to teaching in the classroom. The school should provide more facilities, such as: a language laboratory, add more English literature books in the library, and by doing English competitions in order to encourage students to learning English. Student's motivation for learning English should be encouraged by adopting new media.