ANALYSIS OF WRITING ERRORS IN THE SPELLING OF SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES ON SCHOOL WALL MAGAZINE IN PADANG SELATAN Journal of Asian Studies: Culture, Language, Art and Communications

The problem in this research is that there are many spelling errors found in articles in school wall magazines in Padang Selatan written by students. This study aims to describe the spelling errors of Indonesian in articles in-wall magazines in schools using a descriptive method. The data in this study are all spelling errors in wall magazine articles in Padang Selatan. Based on the results of the study, there were the same errors in the use of letters, writing words, and using punctuation marks. such as capitalization errors, use of italics. Of the many errors, the most frequently violated rule is the use of capital letters. Abstract Masalah dalam penelitian ini banyak ditemukannya kesalahan penggunaan ejaan pada artikel pada majalah dinding sekolah di Padang Selatan yang ditulis oleh siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesalahan ejaan bahasa Indonesia pada artikel pada majalah dinding di sekolah dengan metode deskriptif. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah semua kesalahan penggunaan ejaan pada artikel majalah dinding sekolah di Padang Selatan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat kesalahan


INTRODUCTION
According to Rohmadi (2008: 24), articles are writings that describe or explain an idea based on facts. These articles are also called popular scientific articles. In writing popular scientific articles, writers often only pay attention to the content of the writing, but there are important things that must be considered by writers, namely the use of spelling. The use of proper spelling is necessary for writing articles, because, if the spelling is not good, readers will have difficulty understanding the content of the writing. Spelling is a set of systems used to transfer spoken language into a written language (Semi, 1990: 95). Waridah and Khairunnisa (2016: 6-52), suggest that the rules for using Indonesian spelling based on the regulation of the minister of education and culture of the Republic of Indonesia number 50 of 2015 are the use of letters, word writing, use of punctuation marks, and writing of absorption elements. When writing, the writer must understand how to use spelling properly. Good writing cannot be obtained without skill with spelling. Errors in the use of spelling can be found in newspapers, in magazines, and wall magazines at SMA Padang Selatan. However, this study only focused on articles in-wall magazines at SMA Padang Selatan. During the observation, it can be seen that there are a lot of mistakes in using spelling in the articles on the wall magazine. Also, the wall magazine manager and the school seemed to pay less attention to errors in student writing, so that students did not pay attention to spelling in writing articles. In-wall magazines, there are many types of writing, such as short stories, comics, poetry, articles, announcements, biographies, and news. In student writing on wall magazines, there are many spelling mistakes, especially in articles. Examples of spelling errors in student writing can be seen in the quotations below: Perlakuan kurang baik terhadap wanita merupakan gambaran bahwa baik bumi maupun perempuan mendapat kan perlakuan yang kurang baik sehingga mengakibatkan kerusakan dan penindasan In this quote, it can be seen that there is an error in writing a word that does not use a hyphen (-) in the word "get". The author does not use hyphens in words that are interrupted by line breaks. It can be seen that students do not understand the use of hyphens. Based on the above problems, it is necessary to research the Misuse of Indonesian Spelling in scientific articles on the Wall Magazine of schools in South Padang.

METHODS
This type of research is qualitative with descriptive methods. The data in this study are all words or sentences that have errors in the use of Indonesian spelling found in the articles, while the data sources for this study are articles published from January to July 2017 in-wall magazines at SMA Padang Selatan. According to Moleong (2010: 168), the instrument is a means of collecting data such as tests in quantitative research. The main instrument in this study is the researcher himself who acts as a planner, data collection, data interpretation, and reporting of research results. Another instrument in this study is the data inventory table which is used to assist in grouping data, making it easier to conclude the data found. According to Sudaryanto (1993: 133), data collection techniques are divided into listening and proficient methods. In this research, listening techniques will be used, namely listening techniques without proficient involvement and note-taking techniques. To check the validity of the data in this study, a triangulation technique was used. Triangulation technique according to Moleong (2010: 330), is a data validity checking technique that utilizes something other than that data for checking purposes or as a comparison of data. According to Sudaryanto (1993: 13) data analysis techniques are divided into two, namely the equivalent and agih methods. This research will use the method of agih.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Based on the data analysis above, there are many mistakes in the use of Indonesian spelling in articles in-wall magazines at SMA Padang Selatan. The errors include the use of letters, including the use of capital letters and italics. Writing words, including affixed words, rephrases, and prepositions. Use of punctuation, including period punctuation, comma punctuation, and hyphen punctuation.

The use of letters a. Capital
In the use of letters, there are errors in the use of capital letters and the use of italics. The use of capital letters there is 185 errors out of 15 rules in using capital letters. Fifteen rules for using capital letters, 13 rules are violated. The most frequently violated rule is that capital letters are used as the first letter of every word in the titles of books, essays, articles, and papers as well as the names of magazines and newspapers, while the rules that are violated the least are capital letters are used as the first letters of the names of the nation, ethnic group, and language. The number of errors in the use of capital letters results in the reader's understanding of understanding the content and the intent to be conveyed. In this case, the error can be explained as follows:  Capital letters are used as the first letter of the beginning of the sentence The error in using capital letters as the first letter at the beginning of the sentence is found in the data source code (01), it can be seen in the quotation below: buah ini tinggi lemak, "alpukat dibutuhkan untuk meregenerasi jaringan darah, mengstabilkan gula darah, dan bagus untuk kelainan jantung".
Based on the quote, it can be seen that there is an error in the word "buah", it should be capitalized because it is the first letter in the sentence. Following the first rule of capital letters (2016: 6), it is used as the first letter of the beginning of the sentence. The correct writing is as follows: Buah ini tinggi lemak, "alpukat dibutuhkan untuk meregenerasi jaringan darah, mengstabilkan gula darah, dan bagus untuk kelainan jantung".

 Capital letters are used as the first letter in the element of people's names, including nicknames
The error in using capital letters as the first letter of the person's name, including the nickname, there is an error in the data source code (03), can be seen in the quotation below.
There is an error in writing people's names, according to the rules for using capital letters (2016: 6), which are used in the first letter of the person's name element. The correct writing is as follows: Agustina Sawert adalah salah seorang penderita penyakit AIDS, akibat penyakit itu berat badannya menjadi turun, ia juga mengalami infeksi anus infeksi hati dan lain-lain.

 Capital letters are used at the beginning of direct passage sentences
An error in using a capital letter at the beginning of an excerpt sentence immediately shows an error in the data source code (01), it can be seen in the quote below. buah ini tinggi lemak, "alpukat dibutuhkan untuk meregenerasi jaringan dan darah, mengstabilkan gula darah, dan bagus untuk kelainan jantung.
There is an error at the beginning of the direct passage sentence, it should be in accordance with the provisions of using capital letters used at the beginning of the direct passage sentence (2016: 7). The correct writing is: buah ini tinggi lemak, "Alpukat dibutuhkan untuk meregenerasi jaringan dan darah, mengstabilkan gula darah, dan bagus untuk kelainan jantung.

 Capital letters are used as the first letter of every word for the name of Religion, Holly Book, and God, including names and pronouns for God
Errors in writing the name of God, the holy book can be seen in the data source code (16), as quoted below.
There is an error in the name of God, according to the Indonesian Spelling rules capital letters (2016: 7), it is used as the first letter of every word of God's name. The correct writing is: Bagi muslim yang diterima puasanya karena mampu menundukkan hawa nafsu duniawi selama bulan ramadhan dan menoptimalkan ibadah. Idul Fitri adalah hari kemenangan sejati, dimana hari ini Allah memberikan penghargaan istimewa yang selalu dinanti oleh setiap orang termasuk para nabi dan kaum orang-orang saleh.
 Capital letters are used as first letters for elements of honorary, hereditary, religious, or academic titles followed by people's names, including academic titles that follow people's names In the data source code (16), capital letters are used as the first letter for elements of honorary, descent, religious, or academic titles followed by people's names, including academic titles that follow people's names, can be seen in the following quote: Allah SWT juga pernah berjanji, tak satupun muslim yang berdoa pada hari raya Idul Fitri, kecuali akan dikabulkan. Pertannyaannya, kira-kira puasa kita diterima atau tidak? Atau yang kita lakukan ini hanya untuk simbolk, sebatas menahan lapar dan haus, seperti yang pernah disinyalir nabi muhammad SAW? Jawabnya, Allahu' alam kita tak tahu sejatinya.
There is an error in the first letter of the honorific title element, according to the rules for using capital letters as the first letter of the element of the honorific title followed by the person's name (2016: 8). The correct writing is: Allah SWT juga pernah berjanji, tak satupun muslim yang berdoa pada hari raya Idul Fitri, kecuali akan dikabulkan. Pertannyaannya, kira-kira puasa kita diterima atau tidak? Atau yang kita lakukan ini hanya untuk simbolk, sebatas menahan lapar dan haus, seperti yang pernah disinyalir Nabi Muhammad SAW? Jawabnya, Allahu' alam kita tak tahu sejatinya.
 Capital letters are used as first letters in elements of title and rank, followed by a person's name or used as a substitute for a certain person's name, agency name, or place name.
Data source code (19) Capital letters are used as first letters in elements of title and position, followed by a person's name or used as a substitute for a certain person's name, agency name, or place name can be seen in the following data: Dilansir dari situs kantor staff presiden, tema peringatan hari lahir Pancasila tahun 2017 yang akan diperingati tanggal 1 Juni adalah "saya Indonesia, Saya Pancasila".
In this quotation, it is seen that there is an error in the use of capital letters instead of agency names. Following the rules for using capital letters (2016: 8), it is used as the first letter instead of the name of the agency. The correct writing is: Dilansir dari situs kantor Staff Presiden, tema peringatan hari lahir Pancasila tahun 2017 yang akan diperingati tanggal 1 Juni adalah "saya Indonesia, Saya Pancasila".

 Capital letters are used as the first letter of the name of the nation, ethnicity, and language
In the data source code (13), capital letters are used as the first letter of the name of the nation, ethnicity, and language, it can be seen whether the following typographical errors are made.
From this data it can be seen that there is a capital letter error in the name of the nation, it should be according to the rules for using capital letters (2016: 9). used as the first letter of the name of the nation. The correct writing is: Di Indonesia emansipasi wanita berkembang pesat setelah kiprah Raden Ajeng kartini, dan RA Kartini dinobatkan menjadi peolopor gerakan emansipasi wanita di Indonesia.

 Capital letters are used as the first letter of the name of the year, month, day, and holidays or holidays
Data source code (16) Capital letters are used as first letters of names of years, months, days, and holidays or holidays can be seen in the following error.
In the quote above, there is an error in the use of capital letters in the first letter of the month's name, the month name should use capital letters following the Indonesian spelling rules (2016: 9). The correct writing is: Bagi muslim yang diterima puasanya karena mampu menundukkan hawa nafsu duniawi selama bulan Ramadhan dan mengoptimalkan ibadah.

 Capital letters are used as the first letter of the element names of historical events
In the data source code (17) capital letters are used as the first letter element name of historical events can be seen in the following data excerpt.
In the above quotation, there is an error in the word badar, capital letters should be used in the first letter of the name element of historical events. Following the Indonesian Spelling Rules (2016: 9). Correct writing is as follows.

 Capital letters are used as the first letter of geographic names
In the data source code (03) Capital Letters Are Used as the First Letter of Geographical Names, there are the following data errors: Buah merah (Pandanus conoidus) adalah tanaman kha spasifik atau endemik yang tumbuh di dataran tinggi papua. tanaman ini termasuk tanaman keluarga Panadan dengan pohon manyerupai pandan.
In this quotation there is an error that a capital letter is used as the first letter of the Geography name, it should be written in capital letters. Following the Indonesian Spelling rules (2016: 10). The correct writing is Buah merah (Pandanus conoidus) adalah tanaman kha spasifik atau endemik yang tumbuh di Dataran Tinggi Papua. tanaman ini termasuk tanaman keluarga Panadan dengan pohon manyerupai pandan.

 Capital letters are used as the first letter of all words in the names of countries, institutions, agencies, organizations, or documents
In the data source code (18) Capital letters are used as the first letter of all words in the names of countries, institutions, agencies, organizations, or documents, which can be seen in the following data.
In this quote, there is an error in writing the body name, following the rules for using capital letters (2016: 11), used as the first letter of all words in the body name. The correct writing is: Konsep dan rumusan awal pancasila pertama kali diungkapkan Bung karno dalam pidatonya di sidang Badan Penyelidik Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (BPUPKI) pada tanggal 1 Juni 1945, sebagai dasar negara Indonesia.

 Capital letters as the first letter of every word in the title of books, essays, articles, and papers as well as the names of magazines and newspapers
In the data source code (04) Capital letters as the first letter of each word in the title of books, essays, articles, and papers as well as the names of magazines and newspapers, can be seen in the following data: AWAL LAHIRNYA PANCASILA In the quote above, there is an error in writing the article title, according to the rules for using capital letters used in every word in the article title. Following the Indonesian Spelling rules (2016: 12). The correct writing is: Awal Lahirnya Pancasila  Capital letters are used as the first letter for elements of the abbreviation of the name title, rank, or greeting Dalam rangka memahami tujuan tersebut agaknya perlu digarisbawahi beberapa penjelasan dari Nabi saw.
In writing the abbreviation element of the title name there is an error, it should be following the rules for using capital letters (2016: 12), used in the first letter of the abbreviation element of the title name. The correct writing is: Dalam rangka memahami tujuan tersebut agaknya perlu digarisbawahi beberapa penjelasan dari Nabi Saw.

a. Italic
In the use of italics, there are 40 errors out of the 3 rules in italics. Three rules in the use of italics found that one rule was violated, namely italics used to write words or expressions in regional or foreign languages. The many errors in using italics will make the reader less aware of the meaning of the word or expression used in the foreign language form. The error in using italics can be seen in the example below, Beberapa zat gizi yang banyak ditambahkan kedalam roti adalah vitamin, seperti thiamin (vitamin B1), riboflavia (vitamin B2) dan hiasin serta sejumlah mineral berupa zat besi, iodium, kalsium, dan lain-lain.

Word Writing
In writing words, there are errors in writing words with affixes, reforms, and prepositions.

a. Affix Word Writing
In writing affix words, there are 4 errors out of the 2 rules. The two existing rules have one rule that is violated, namely the affix (prefix, insertion, suffix, and combination of prefix and suffix) written in series with the basic form. Although there are not too many errors found, they are very influential in the reader's understanding. Examples of writing errors with affix words can be seen in the example below: pencapaian emansipasi akan sempurna di barengi kesuksesan mengurus keluarga.
In the word "di barengi" the writing should be combined because the word uses a prefix and a suffix. This is not following the rules for the use of Indonesian Spelling (2016: 17). The correct writing is: pencapaian emansipasi akan sempurna dibarengi kesuksesan mengurus keluarga.

b. Writing Forms of affix rephrases
Rewriting the form there are 2 errors from 1 rule in writing affix words. The rule that was violated was the rewritten form using a hyphen (-) between the elements. Although there are not too many errors found, they are very influential in the reader's understanding. An example of a rewriting error can be seen in the example below.
In the word "unsur2", it should be given a hyphen between the word elements. This is not following the rules for the use of Indonesian Spelling (2016: 19). The correct writing is: Oleh karena itu betapa pentingnya tubuh, mengkonsumsi makanan yang bergizi dan mengandung unsur-unsur yang dibutuhkan oleh tubuh meskipun makanan itu tidak harus mahal c. Preparation of prepositions Writing prepositions there are 24 errors from 1 rule in writing prepositions. The rules that were violated were prepositions, such as "di", "ke", and "dari" written in series with the preceding word. The number of errors found affects the reader's understanding of understanding the meaning of the contents of the article. Examples of rewriting errors can be seen in the example below: Sumber protein terbaik dibumi.
In a word, dibumi should have separated the preposition on the earth. This is not following the rules for the use of Indonesian Spelling (2016: 25). The correct writing is: Sumber protein terbaik di bumi.

Use of Punctuation
In the use of punctuation, there are errors in the use of period punctuation, comma, and hyphen punctuation marks.

a. Punctuation of Periods (.)
The use of punctuation marks has 2 errors out of 5 rules. The five existing rules have one rule that is violated, namely a period is used at the end of the statement sentence. Although there are not too many errors found, they are very influential in the reader's understanding. Examples of errors in using punctuation marks can be seen in the example below.
It should be marked with a period at the beginning of the word in the quote, it should not have a period at the beginning of the word. This is not following the rules for using Indonesian Spelling (34). The correct writing is: Salah satu akibat konsumsi roti yang kian merkayat itu adalah penambahan berbagai zat gizi kedalam roti, serat, misalnya dedak dalam gandum yang dulu disingkirkan dalam roti putih karena dianggap makan ternak.

b. Use of Commas (,)
The use of commas punctuation has 16 errors out of 10 rules. In the ten existing rules, there was one rule that was violated, namely a comma was used between the elements in a breakdown or enumeration. The number of errors found affects the reader's understanding of understanding the meaning of the contents of the article. Examples of misuse of commas can be seen in the example below: Buah merah memiliki panjang 55 cm diameter 10-15 cm dan berat 2-3 kg.
At the end of the word, cm should be marked with a comma because the example sentences above are elements of numeration or detailing. This is not following the rules in Indonesian Spelling (2016: 37). The correct writing is: Buah merah memiliki panjang 55 cm, diameter 10-15 cm, dan berat 2-3 kg.