Building a Mini Electrical Substation through Project based Learning and Aanalysing Data using ANOVA

Project-based learning (PBL) is a studentcentered pedagogy that involves a dynamic classroom approach, in which it believed that the students acquire a deeper knowledge through active exploration of real-world challenges and problems.For the same, with a set of prepared guidelines, third year B. Tech. Electrical Engineering students are asked to design a mini ‘Electrical Substation’. These designs presented and evaluated by the internal and external examiners. Students are further motivated for deep study in substations. Total 18 groups of students worked on substation design project with 18 parts of Electrical Substation. This activity not only improved the learning index of the students but also improved course attainment, which mapped with program outcomes.


INTRODUCTION
Millennial learners are very much active and eager to find new things. To feed their intellectual brain, the design problems proposed. Few students always avoid participating in such activities and do not take lead. It is necessary to create same platform to all the students to show their skills. Student lead conference gives such platform. The activity was well planned and discussed with the students prior to the semester. It is lengthy activity and needs preparation. All the students of T.Y. B. Tech Electrical Engineering program had participated in this activity under the course 'Switchgear and Protection'. This course has wide scope for such competitions. Students are very much familiar with the electric failures, such as electric shock, short circuits, open circuits, overloading etc. They are also acquainted with fuse, MCB, energy meters, relays etc. This activity takes them from known to unknown and then finds the solutions [1]. Students are asked to form groups. These groups have done market survey for available equipments and their cost.All groups have designed the single line diagram with available equipments. Students were very enthusiastic and creative in designing the scheme. One of the constraints is the scheme should not be similar within the groups. Rubrics formed by the course instructor for the evaluation of market survey and design schemes. Such as active participation, creativity, presentation, Q and A, idea, parameter selection etc. Student's performance is measured and course attainment is calculated. Program outcomes mapped with it [1]

METHODOLOGY
The complete activity planned and divided in some stages.   This distribution is shown by using different color codes. Further, one student from each column is picked to form "Group". shows that students visited nearby substation (33kV/11kV). They observed the substation and studied the same for their own substation design. As the students were designing for real solution, all the ratings must be dropped down. All groups designed the required specifications for substation. 440V/230V substation specifications were fixed.  For the evaluation, rubrics were made and was given to the Examiners. Rubrics are also discussed with the students so students were too much enthusiastic 3. RESULTS After successfully completed these activity students are 1. acquainted with the electrical protection equipments used in the markets with its specifications and cost under 'Market Survey' activity and aware of the existing society related electrical problems 2. able to apply their knowledge to create solution scheme and implement skills to design protection scheme 3. improved their confidence, presentation and communication skills and ready to face next model competition 4. Course outcomes: -At the end of this course students will be able to 1. Explain fundamentals of different power system components 2. Classify and explain the operation of circuit breakers and relays 3. Discuss distance protection schemes 4. Determine the causes, effects and protective schemes for over-voltage and over-current relay.
5. Describe different faults and devise protection schemes for generator and transformer 5. These course outcomes are mapped with activities conducted throughout the semester for switchgear and protection subject Indirect Method-Student's Feedback [2] Graph No.

1: Attainment of course outcomes in percentage
From the above results it is seen that the CO5 is mapped excellently which is about designing the protection scheme. 7. Program outcomes are mapped

Graph No. 2: Attainment of program outcomes in percentage
It is also observed that the PO(g) is achieved excellently from this course, which helps them in technical interviews with raised confidence PROGRAM OUTCOMES OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice. k Apply the knowledge to evaluate contemporary issues with project and finance management skills.

DISCUSSION
For ANOVA test case, the group isdivided in 4 columns. Group A, Group B, Group C and Group D Each group has undergone separate task with its own learning activity. Group A was considering the students scored higher in previous exams. These students are asked to design the selected object with their respective team under conventional teaching learning, Group B had selected the suitable equipment for substation (Brainstorming). Group C had done the market survey for the cost effective elements with proper specification (Group Discussion).Group Ddecided to visit the site for optimal placement of the equipments (PBL).

CONCLUSION
The main objective of this activity is satisfied. All thestudents have participated with the same interest and enthusiasm. They got the platform to demonstrate their skills and creativity. Students developed simulation model for high ratings and hardware models for lower ratings. This shows their improved creativity and design ability. All the students have learnt from each other as every group developed a different protection scheme. Groups A,B,C,D differentiated by the student previous score. Group D with fewer score performed better through PBL and secured good marks in exam. ANOVA test is helpful for analysing this data. This data analysis verified and compared through IBM SPSS tool.