THE URGENCY OF CLASSICAL LEARNING MOTIVATION IN THE MILLENNIAL ERA: AL-ZARNUJI’S PERSPECTIVE

Student learning outcomes in the millennial era have experienced a decline in learning achievement. Among them is a lack of motivation in students, and many Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia use ta'lim muta'allim in their lessons to motivate their students. This article aims to identify and summarize the motivation conveyed by Imam Zarnuji in the Book of ta`lim mutaalim which is suitable for the millennial era. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method using literature studies. Data techniques by conducting studies of books, notes, article journals, notes that support each other. Data sources are divided into several types, namely: a) Primary data from the Book of ta'lim muta 'allim by Imam Al-Zarnuji b) Secondary data is complementary data that can be used as a reference in journals including relevant literature. This article results indicate that the past (Imam zarnuji) motivation is useful for the millennial era 1) Twenty-eight intrinsic motivations include Intention, patience, sincerity, and high aspirations. 2) seven extrinsic incentives should seek knowledge, find teachers and good friends, and stay away from immorality. Suggesting further research to measure what percentage of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation can increase achievement and enthusiasm for learning.


INTRODUCTION
In the era of millennial like this we still find a lot of students in an educational institution where they often feel lazy doing school work, always ignoring homework assignments, even if they do assignments, we find a lot of their learning results are messy and many mistakes, it all happened among them due to lack of motivation to learn 1 .
It all shows that the serious interest in learning began to decline drastically that occurred in the millennial era, especially in Indonesia, which is addicted to the internet which is misused, not just to seek information related to science. Millennial generation tends to behave pragmatically and instantaneously. Millennials are a group of people born in the 1980-2000s range. This means that millennials are the younger generation aged 17-37 this year. 2 Although it cannot be denied, humans have very general intellectual advantages (intelligence) and special advantages (talents) that are not possessed by others. But without encouragement and motivation these two things are less able to make an impact in him, especially in teaching and learning. 3 No matter how smart the person is if there is no Motivation, learning will certainly fail 4 .
Motivation is very important for an interest in learning it is certain that learning will fail, but no matter how stupid the person is if pushed and motivated continuously then sooner or later he will be able to reach his goals 5 . A student because without motivation results in not achieving the maximum learning outcomes, even reaching the peak of failure. As we know from many students lately they seem to go to school every day to study, but in reality, at school, they are just silent and inactive, when the teacher is explaining the lessons they sleep. When in fact all students are able if there is encouragement inside or outside.
Motivation can be defined as a person's strength which can lead to a level of willingness to carry out an activity. Willingness either comes from within the individual himself (intrinsic motivation) and from outside the individual (extrinsic motivation) 6 . How strong an individual's motivation will determine the quality of the behavior he displays, both in the context of learning, work, and in other lives. The learning process will be successful when students have the motivation to learn. 7 So, eventually, it will lead to many underdeveloped children's talents due to not getting strong motivation and encouragement. So if only one student gets a lot of encouragement from educators, then the extraordinary energy will be released stored in each student that has hidden potentials, so that unexpected results will be achieved into a reality. Many of us see students when we see them in their class silent and not brave, but after a few years when he was at the college level and has mingled with many people and a different atmosphere 8 . The student grew very active, even more daring to convey arguments, ideas, and have abilities that we had not previously seen. Then the actual learning outcomes are determined by how much encouragement or motivation of educators towards students. Motivation is not only important because it is a factor that causes learning but also makes learning easier and learning outcomes. 9 According to Dimyati and Mudjiono" learning outcomes are things that can be seen and measured from two sides, namely from students and educators, from the student side learning outcomes are characterized by a level of development and mental change compared to before learning." 10 If there is no progress in the learning outcomes then it means that the student did not achieve the learning process properly 11 . As for the side of the success of educators in delivering their learning, including the accuracy of teachers in choosing teaching materials, unique and interesting media, as well as innovative, creative and fun teaching methods that cause the learning process in the class to run well, eventually all students can feel happy, comfortable and understand the material being studied 12 .
In conclusion, motivation is very important and encouraging for someone to be able to complete a goal that he wants to do. By knowing the goals and benefits, it will get stronger and more eager to do it. 13 If he is a student who already knows the benefits of learning, it will be easy to achieve what he has dreamed of. As a result, everyone will not feel lazy in the learning process 14 . After someone has been motivated to do the learning process, finally he will get the results of the achievement of the learning process. These results are called learning achievements. Learning achievement is the result of the development of the level of psychological domains as a result of students' learning experiences and processes achieved within a certain period 15 . Because with a good learning achievement, actually it can be used to see and measure the level of ability and quality of a student. A big nation is not judged by the size of the location of the country and the source of wealth in its possession. Because the greatness of a nation is determined by the quality of its human resources and the nation's ability itself. 16 That contains the motivation to learn accompanied by stories of previous scholars makes the imagination of the students to be carried in the rhythm and message conveyed 17 . Both in terms of how to learn, the Intention to seek knowledge, how to find a teacher, when to start to learn, when to manage learning time, how can a person achieve success in the world until the hereafter later 18 . It was all expressed in the Book of ta'lim muta'allim with an interesting story style. Even though the Book was taught many times from year to year, it did not detract from the love of students and students to learn it, because this Book is very multicontent with motivations that are needed by students and students 19 .
Until in the Modern era like today, the ta`lim al-muta'allim Book is considered as one of the main reference books in changing and making students be successful in times of seeking knowledge both the world and the hereafter. 20 Seen from the previous scholars and Muslim scholars and cultural figures in the millennial era like this. They are remembered by the State and Religion including Kiai Hasyim Asy'ari Jombang, KH. Kholil Bangkalan, Gus Dur, Muhammad Ainu Nadjib, or Cak Nun and other scholars who all of them had studied the Book of ta`lim al-muta'allim 21 . They are one of the few scholars in the archipelago that have proven successful inside study. The learning process that they traveled has experienced various extraordinary tests. But the spirit of motivation that is in them and the encouragement IAIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin 6 (2015), https://www.neliti.com/publications/56675/rekrutman-guru-dalammanajemen-pendidikan-islam-studi-tentang-pemilihan-guru-men. 15  of the teachers, their parents prove able to achieve knowledge that is beneficial to these people.
So the library research on the Book of ta`lim al-muta'allim is expected to be able to record and summarize the Collection of Motivation conveyed by Imam Zarnuji starting from the beginning to the end of the Book so that this motivation can be used as supplementary material for the current generation to always be enthusiastic in seeking knowledge that can bring blessings to life both the world and the hereafter.

METHOD
In this study, the authors apply the method of library research because there are at least some underlying reasons. First, the source of the research was not obtained by field research. But data sources are only obtained through library studies or other documents in written form, whether from journals, books, or other literature 22 . Secondly, library study is needed as a way to solve problems that occur in the millennial era like this by using alternative classical methods found in library sources, so that this literature study can be applied in overcoming problems faced with. Third, library data is considered as one of the main sources as a very strong and reliable reference material to be used as a source of research material.
The research uses data sources from various sources relevant to the discussion of this journal. The data source is divided into several types, namely: a) Primary Data is a basic source obtained through the study of a book entitled ta`lim al-muta'allim by Imam Al-Zarnuji b) Secondary data is supplementary data or support that has been arranged well and can be used as a reference in journal writing, the data includes literature that is relevant to the object of research in the form of books, papers, scientific articles, journals, theses, ebooks, and others 23 .
Data analysis is carried out using of the following methods: a) Descriptive method is a research method to describe complitely the symptoms, events, events that occur at present regularly, and examines an object of research concerning motivation to learn that is inside the Book of ta`lim al-muta'allim. b) Content analysis method is a method of studying and analyzing data systematically and objectively by analyzing the data that has been collected and then the data is classified in a motivational group that arises either from within or from outside. Weber explained that the content study is a research that has phases in finding a correct conclusion both from books and other documents. So in fact the data analysis stage is a series of collected data that is developed and processed in a simple framework to conclude.

Biography of Imam Zarnuji
Imam Zarnuji's full name is Burhanuddin Ibrahim al-Zarnuji al-Hanafi, he is a writer who came from Bukhara. 24

The Book of Ta'lim Al-Muta'allim
Ta'lim Muta'allim book is one Book that explains the attitudes and procedures that must be learned by students before seeking knowledge. According to Hasan Langgulung 34 That the actual content contained in the Book of ta'lim mutaalim is not just a motivational theory of learning, but on the other hand, the Book contains a meaning that is further than that because sheik Zarnuji lived at the end of the Abbasiyah government and inherited much the advance of science. The full name of the Book of Taklim is the Book of Ta`lim Al-Muta'allim fi Tariqa at-Ta'allum which was written by Sheik Imam Zarnuji.
The reason why this Book is written is that in the time of Sheik Zarnuji many students sought knowledge, they were very serious in their learning process, but on the other hand, it 27 Sodiman Sodiman, "Etos Belajar Dalam Kitab Ta&#39;liim Al-muta&#39;allim Thaariq Al-ta&#39;allum Karya Imam Al-zarnuji," Al-Ta&#39;dib 6, no. 2 (Desember 2013): 56-72, https://www.neliti.com/publications/235741/etos-belajar-dalam-kitab-taliim-al-mutaallim-thaariq-al-taallumkarya-imam-al-za. 28  turned out that they did not get the blessing and the benefits of the knowledge they had learned after they returned to the community. After careful examination, it turned out that it was because they left the conditions and procedures for seeking knowledge in their period of study. The Book of ta'lim muta'alim, is actually a collection of references obtained by Sheik Zarnuji both from various sources of references or from information that he got directly from his teachers. 35 The subject matter of the Book of ta`lim al-muta'allim consists of thirteen chapters of the discussion, namely: Article 1 (Regarding the a nature of knowledge, a law seeking knowledge, and its importance), Article 2 (Arranging intentions in seeking knowledge), Article 3 (On how to choose knowledge, teachers, friends, and perseverance in learning), Article 4 (how to respect knowledge and teachers), Article 5 (Concerning sincerity in seeking knowledge, having a long term and noble aspirations), Article 6 (Concerning the beginning for learning, its size and discipline), Article 7 (Tawakkal and surrender to God), Article 8 (Regarding the period of study), Article 9 (Regarding mutual love and counsel), Article 10 (taking knowledge), Article 11 (Concerning being in a state when I am studying), Article 12 (regarding matters that can strengthen memorization and weaken it), Article 13 (Regarding matters which can make it easier to bring fortune, can extend life, and reduce life). 36 Of the thirteen main chapters or chapters of the discussion, Sheik Zarnuji explained the many motivations and procedures of students in seeking knowledge, outlined basis on the prophet or sometimes often taking the stories of the previous scholars to reinforce the arguments he uttered.

Learning motivation in the Book of Ta'lim Al Muta'allim
Imam Zarnuji in the Book of ta'lim mutaalim has explained many motivations for student, or santri to succeed in finding knowledge to gain good fortune in the world and the hereafter. 37 The good motivation that comes from within yourself or from outside. The author of this study wants to explore motivations according to the Book of ta'lim mutaalim that arises from his personalities, such as the desire to meet the basic needs he needs, or motivation that comes from outside such as motivation from friends, teachers, and the environment 38 .
Here are some of the learning motivations contained in his personality (internal) or from outside (external) contained in the Book ta'lim al-muta'allim written by Sheik Burhanuddin Imam Zarnuji:

The Urgency of Classical Learning Motivation in The Millenial Era
From the discussion and theory above, motivation has an important role in determining achievement and enthusiasm for learning because motivation will encourage someone to achieve goals so that the desired goals can be achieved. And if students are motivated to learn, there will be effective learning which will ultimately result in high learning achievement. In other words, the intensity of one's motivation will greatly determine the level of achievement of their learning achievement 39 .
In learning activities, students who are in the learning process have a strong and clear motivation, and will be diligent and successful in their learning. This is because there are three functions of motivation, namely: encouraging humans to act and carry out activities, determine the direction of their actions, and select their actions. So that students' actions are always in line with the learning goals they will achiev 40 e.
So, motivation can be interpreted as the strength (energy) of a person which can cause a level of willingness to carry out an activity. Willingness either comes from within the individual himself (intrinsic motivation) and from outside the individual (extrinsic motivation). How strong an individual's motivation will determine the quality of the behavior he displays, both in the context of learning, work and in other life 41 .
The Millennial generation who are now often relied on for their role in the world of education today. It can be seen that their interest in learning has decreased drastically, because millennials, especially in Indonesia, are already addicted to the internet which is misused, not just to seek information related to science 42 .
The difference between this study and other research is that this study has described and classified the motivation written by Imam Zarnuji in his Ta'lim Mutaalim book, which the motivation conveyed in the Book reaches hundreds of motivations, but this research tries to reduce these motivations into two groups, namely motivation. intrinsic and extrinsic which are very influential to encourage students' enthusiasm for learning when learning.
From the explanation of the theory above, the classic motivation in the ta'lim mutaalim book in the form of intrinsic motivation is that there are twenty-eight motivations, namely: 1). People who have more knowledge than animals and even angels 2). Good intention is the key to success and success 3). Deliberation will make things easy and good results 4). Patience and perseverance are the basis of virtue. 5) By being serious, he will get something 6). High ideals will deliver a real dream 7). Knowledge will be eternal, even after death 8). Bulghom disease in a person causes ignorance and laziness 9). Taking notes can be Meanwhile, extrinsic factors (originating from outside) will determine a person's motivation, such as the following seven points: 1). Prophet Muhammad recommended learning to seek knowledge (knowledge needed or Morals) 2). Good and smart friends and teachers will influence a person's learning process 3). Glorifying knowledge or books, friends, teachers and their families will lead to the blessing of knowledge 4). The strength of Islam begins first by taking care of itself 5). The perfection of knowledge can be achieved by choosing a good day as well. 6). Good ways and methods of memorizing can make it easier to memorize 7). Immorality and many sins, restlessness in the affairs of the world will cause forgetfulness, eating coriander, sour apples, seeing the cross, reading the inscriptions on the tombstone, walking among tied camels, throwing live lice on the ground, clinging to the nape head, it would all cause students to become forgetful. The similarities with previous research are that this study both sees motivation as a source and driving force for students in the learning process and student achievement results.

CONCLUSION
From the above explanation, it can be concluded that strong motivation determines learning achievement and enthusiasm for learning, the greater the motivation that students have in the learning process, the more enthusiasm for learning and their achievements will be. While motivation arises from within a person called intrinsic motivation mentioned by Imam Zarnuji, there are twenty-eight motivations. Meanwhile, there are only seven extrinsic motivations or motivations that originate from outside. Millennial generations whose learning tendencies have begun to decline because the use of technology that is not appropriately used requires a robust motivational foundation, especially the classical motivation described by Sheik Zarnuji in the Ta`lim Al-Muta'allim book