Solvent Effect in Glycyrrhizic Acid Spectra (Absorption and Fluorescence)

In this research paper, a method built on UV/VIS spectrouorophotometer and spectrophotometer by nding the uorescence of glycyrrhizic acid in licorice root. Glycyrrhizic acid is an imperative active component present in licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch). Solvent effect had been studied in different solvents like deionized water and methanol. The differences between them were explored by the glycyrrhizic acid absorption and emission spectra. Under work conditions, i.e. 100% methanol solvent, a liquid ratio concentration 10 −2 to 10 −5 g /mL and second solvent with same conditions 100% deionized water in the same concentrations ,was done. The effect of the solvent was signicant by change the value for λ max . The result was validated for parameters connes for Ex (λ Excitation) in different solvents. The results of absorption spectra obey Beer-Lambert's law. Because of the same property of these solvents (protic), the absence of a signicant difference in the absorption spectra are shown. From orescence spectra, the spectrum at concentration 10 −4 is the best for both solvents..


Introduction
Licorice or the base of the glycyrrhiza plant had been utilized therapeutically for in excess of 4000 Years [1]. The benevolent glycyrrhiza comprises of roughly 30 species [2]. In which six species produce a sweet saponin glycyrrhizic (GA), it is broadly utilized in Asia countries [3]. These plants were utilized as avorings, sugars and as medication herbal [4], furthermore, they were likewise utilized for re ning wellbeing, detoxi cation and solutions for injury [5]. Molecular constructions of glycyrrhizic acid [6].

Polar protic solvents
Polar protic solvents will quite often have high dielectric constants and high dipole minutes. Moreover, since they have O-H or N-H bonds, they can take an interest in hydrogen connecting [7]. These solvents can comparably like in acids (wellsprings of protons) and weedy nucleophiles ( bonds with solid electrophiles)[8]. The polar protic solvents like deionized water (H-OH), methanol (CH3-OH), and Non-polar solvents like hexane (CH3(CH2)4CH3) [9], Table1 show the properties of the deferent solvents [9,10].

Experimental
The different solvents used in this work for dissolving of glycyrrhizic acid from licorice were deionized water, methanol, the glycyrrhizic acid solution for 10 −2 -10 5 M were prepared at room temperature according to the following equation.
3. Result And Discussion 3.1. UV/VIS Spectrum analysis SPECORD 40 UV/VIS spectrophotometer had been used to measure the glycyrrhizic acid absorption spectra in different concentration for two solvents (methanol and deionized water) [11], where the parameter of system in scan mode, range 190 nm to 800 nm, delta lambda 5, speed 50 nm/s integration time [s] 0.10. The spectra, which are show in Figure 2, are the glycyrrhizic acid spectra in methanol with concentrations 10 −2 -10 −5 ,the λ max found that λ exc will be at 254 nm. Figure 3 shows the glycyrrhizic acid spectra in deionized water with concentrations 10 −2 -10 −5 ,the λ max found that λ exc will be at 258 nm.

Fluorescence spectra
Spectro uorophotometer Shimadzu RF-540 was used to measure the glycyrrhizic acid uorescence spectra, Figure 4 show the glycyrrhizic acid uorescence in methanol solvent and Figure 5 show the glycyrrhizic acid uorescence in deionized water solvent, where the system speci c parameter ( Spectrum  Table 2 shows the Data Peak pick of glycyrrhizic 10 −4 in methanol solvent. Table 3 shows the Data Peak pick of glycyrrhizic 10 −5 in methanol solvent, Table 4 show the Data Peak pick of glycyrrhizic 10 −4 in deionized water solvent and Table 5 shows the Data Peak pick of glycyrrhizic 10 −5 in deionized water solvent. Table 3 Data of glycyrrhizic 10 -4 in methanol solvent Table 4 Data of glycyrrhizic 10 -5 in methanol solvent Table 5 Flu. Data of glycyrrhizic 10 -4 in D.I water Table 6 Flu. Data of glycyrrhizic 10 -5 in D.I water From gure 2 and 3 the graph in low concentration is appear the 254 nm, 258 nm for to deferent solvents, This results agree with Beer-Lambert's law, which explains the calculation of concentrations of substances for dilute solution, The absence of a signi cant difference in the absorption spectrum is attributed to the fact that deionized water and methanol are in the same group ( protic solvent but in different rang). From gure 4, it is noted that the concentration of 10 −4 is the best, as the peaks appear to us with a higher number, when using methanol solvent as in Table 5. Also, when using deionized water solvent, the spectrum at concentration 10 −4 is the best. So it could be seen the solvent effect in glycyrrhizic uorescent form Table 3 and 5, was obvious.

Conclusions
The results of absorption spectra obey Beer-Lambert's law. Because of the same property of these solvents (protic ), the absence of a signi cant difference in the absorption spectra are shown. From orescence spectra, the spectrum at concentration 10 −4 is the best for both solvents.