Combivena gen.n (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Acaenitinae) from China

Abstract Combivena Sheng & Sun, gen.n. and Combivena sulcata Sheng & Sun, sp.n. belonging to Acaenitinae of family Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera), collected from Qinghai Province, China, are described and illustrated.


Materials and Methods
The only known specimen of the new species was collected with intercept trap (Li et al. 2012) in the forest of Beishan Forestry Farm, Huzhu County, Qinghai Province, China. The forest composed of mixed deciduous angiosperms and evergreen conifers, mainly comprising Betula platyphylla Sukatschev, Picea wilsonii Masters, Pinus tabulaeformis Carriére, Sabina przewalskii (Komarov) W. C. Cheng & L.K. Fu, Salix sp., Ribes sp., Sorbus sp., Cotoneaster sp., and Philadelphus sp.
Images of whole bodies were taken using a CANON Power Shot A650 IS (www.web.canon.jp). Other images were taken using a Cool SNAP 3CCD (www.photomet.com) attached to a Zeiss Discovery V8 Stereomicroscope (www.zeiss.de) and captured with QCapture Pro version 5.1 (www.QIMAGING.COM). Morphological terminology is mostly based on Gauld (1991). Wing vein nomenclature follows Mason (1986Mason ( , 1990.
Type specimens are deposited in the Insect Museum, General Station of Forest Pest Management, State Forestry Administration, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
Description. Combivena Sheng & Sun, gen.n. Diagnosis. Fore wing length $10 mm. Clypeus without subapical transverse ridge, apical half flat, apical margin thin, and even arched forward. Labrum crescentic. Mandible small, strongly narrowed toward apex, and lower tooth evidently longer than upper tooth. Cheek with subocular sulcus. Malar space longer than basal width of mandible. Gena distinctly swollen. Frons with median longitudinal carina. Occipital carina complete, medially evenly arched upward. Anterior portion of mesoscutum almost vertical and median lobe with median longitudinal groove. Notaulus very strong, reaching beyond center of mesoscutum. Lower-posterior portion of mesopleuron convex, ridge shaped. Mesosternum ( Fig. 6) with wide median longitudinal groove. Areolet absent. Vein 2rs-m disappeared. Rs combined with M far distal of 2m-cu. 2m-cu with one bulla. Apical edge of fore tibia with a distinct tooth at outer side. All tarsal claws with a median tooth on mesal side. Propodeum completely areolated, separated dorsal, and posterior surfaces by posterior transverse carina. First tergum ( Fig. 10) evenly narrow toward base. First sternite reaching 0.4 distance from base to spiracle, subbase evenly convex, and without hair. Ovipositor compressed, without nodus, apical portion of ventral valve with weak longitudinal ridges.
Distribution. There is a single Chinese species, described in the Description.
Etymology. The name of the new genus is based on the combination of fore wing vein rsþRS and M. The gender is feminine.
Remarks. Combivena may be separated from all other genera of the Acaenitinae by the combination of the following characters: 1) Clypeus without preapical transverse ridge and apicomedian tooth, 2) fore wing with vein 2rs-m disappeared, 3) fore wing 2 m-cu with one bulla, 4) all tarsal claws with an acute accessory tooth, and 5) premedian swollen part of the first sternite smooth, without hair. It is quite similar to Arotes Gravenhorst 1829 but can be distinguished from the latter by: apical portion of clypeus flat or slightly concave, without preapical transverse ridge; area superomedia approximately as long as wide; apex of front tibia with a strong tooth (Fig. 9); fore wing vein 2rs-m obliterated by combination of rsþRS and M (Fig. 8); 2m-cu with one bulla; and mesosternum with broad median longitudinal groove (Fig. 6). Arotes: clypeus with preapical transverse ridge; area superomedia longer than wide; apex of front tibia without tooth; fore wing vein 2rs-m distal of 2m-cu by 0.3-0.8 its length; 2m-cu with two bullae; and mesosternum normal, without broad median longitudinal groove. Combivena sulcata Sheng & Sun, sp.n.
(Figs. 1-11). Etymology. The name of the new species is based on the median longitudinal groove of mesosternum.
Head. Face $1.5Â as wide as long, with dense punctures (Fig. 2), a "U-shaped" depression from lateral portion of antennal sockets to lower median portion of face; in "U-shaped" depression rough, with indistinct punctures; upper-lateral portions below antennal sockets and lower lateral portions above clypeal foveae with short, indistinct, transverse wrinkles. Upper lateral margin between antennal socket and eye deeply, longitudinally concave. Clypeal foveae small, almost circular, closed. Clypeus with subbasal transverse ridge, between ridge and clypeal suture densely, indistinctly punctate, nearly smooth between ridge and median portion; apical half smooth and shining, slightly rough near apical margin; and apical margin thin, even arched forward. Labrum crescentic $0.4Â as long as wide, with short, brown hairs. Mandible with distinct longitudinal lines; lower tooth $2.2Â as long as upper tooth.
Metasoma. First tergum (Fig. 10) weakly, evenly narrow toward base, $1.9Â as long as apical width, rough, with short, irregular wrinkles; median dorsal carinae present from base to median portion; medianly longitudinally retuse; and basal portion of dorsolateral carina present, subapical portion weakly ridge shaped. Spiracle slightly convex, at anterior 0.4 of first tergum. Second tergum (Fig. 11) $0.55Â as long as apical width, with weak median longitudinal concavity; slightly rough, with dense indistinct punctures, basal portion with short, indistinct longitudinal wrinkles. Third tergum slightly shining, $0.4Â as long as apical width, with distinct punctures, distance between punctures 0.5 and 2.0Â diameter of puncture. Fourth to sixth terga with short brown hairs. Fourth tergum with texture as that of third tergum but punctures finer than that on third tergum. Seventh tergum flexible. Apex of hypopygium evidently projecting beyond tip of metasoma.
Ovipositor sheath approximately as long as hind tibia. Ovipositor thin, apical portion of ventral valve with weak, unclear longitudinal ridges.
Color (Fig. 1). Black, except the following: upper margin of face, inner orbit, cheek, median portion of mandible, and main portion of gena asymmetrically brown to darkish brown. Clypeus yellowish brown. Basal portion of antenna black, apical brown. Fore and mid femora, lateromedian portion of pronotum faintly darkish brown. Ventral profiles of fore and mid tibiae buff. Tegulae, apical portions of first tarsomeres, second to fourth and base of fifth tarsomeres (hind fifth entirely) white. Stigma and veins brownish black.
Remarks. Combivena sulcata can be recognized by the following combination of characters. Face with a "U-shaped" depression from lateral portion of antennal sockets to lower-median portion of face. Clypeus with subbasal transverse ridge, apical half smooth, and shining. Lower tooth of mandible $2.2Â as long as upper tooth. Frons with dense transverse wrinkles. Scutoscutellar groove with oblique wrinkles and a median longitudinal ridge. Lateral carinae of area basalis parallel. Apex of hypopygium evidently projecting beyond tip of metasoma. Apical portions of wings and below stigma smoky-gray. Tegulae and hind tarsomeres 2-5 white.