



Produced by deaurider, Brian Wilcox and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)






Transcriber’s Notes:

The spelling, punctuation and hyphenation are as the original except
for apparent typographical errors, which have been corrected.

  Italic text is denoted _thus_.
  Bold text is denoted =thus=.
  Bold, sans serif text, representing physical appearance e.g., of a
  ‘Vee’ shaped thread is denoted thus ^V^.
  Subscripts are denoted thus _{1}.

Some page numbers printed in the original ‘Index to Part One’ do not
appear in the body of the book. The transcriber has endeavoured to
make assumptions as to the most appropriate anchor locations. The
appearance of the original index has not been changed.

Examples (possibly relocated, by the author, into Part Two) are:

  =Air=, des., composition of, 15, 16
  =Air pump=, 13
  =Nitrogen=, what part of air, 15
  =Oxygen=, what part of air, 15

  =Value of Reidler belt-driven pump=, ills. and des., 238-240
  changed in the Index to:-
  =Valve of Riedler belt-driven pump=, ills. and des., 238-240

All references to ‘Reidler’ pumps have been corrected to ‘Riedler’
(Alois Riedler, 1850-1936, Austrian professor of engineering).




  PUMPS

  AND

  HYDRAULICS.

  IN TWO PARTS.

  Part One.




“_There are many fingers pointing to the value of a training in
science, as the one thing needful to make the man, who shall rise above
his fellows._”—FRANK ALLEN.


[Illustration: Elephant]


“_The motto marked upon our foreheads, written upon our door-posts,
channeled in the earth, and wafted upon the waves is and must be,
‘Labour is honorable and Idleness is dishonorable.’_”—CARLYLE.




  This work is respectfully dedicated to
  MAJ. ABRAM B. GARNER,
  of Newark, N. J.,

  —AND—

  ALBERTO H. CAFFEE, ESQ.,
  of New York City.

  ‘Gentlemen without fear and without reproach.’

[Illustration: _Henry R. Worthington_]




  “_Thought is the principal factor in all mechanical work; the
  mechanical effort is an incident rather than the principal equipment
  in any trade or occupation._”

  “_Any trade is easily learned by an apt scholar who uses his
  reasoning faculties and makes a study of cause and effect._”—CHAS. J.
  MASON.

  PUMPS

  —AND—

  HYDRAULICS

  —BY—

  WILLIAM ROGERS

  _Author of “Drawing and Design,” etc._


  [Illustration]


  _RELATING TO_

  HAND PUMPS; POWER PUMPS; PARTS OF PUMPS; ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN
  PUMPS; STEAM PUMPS, SINGLE, DUPLEX AND COMPOUND; PUMPING
  ENGINES, HIGH DUTY AND TRIPLE EXPANSION; THE STEAM FIRE
  ENGINE; UNDERWRITERS’ PUMPS; MINING PUMPS; AIR AND
  VACUUM PUMPS; COMPRESSORS; CENTRIFUGAL AND ROTARY
  PUMPS; THE PULSOMETER; JET PUMPS AND THE INJECTOR;
  UTILITIES AND ACCESSORIES; VALVE SETTING; MANAGEMENT;
  CALCULATIONS, RULES AND TABLES.
  _WITH ILLUSTRATIONS._

  _ALSO_

  GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS; GLOSSARY OF PUMP TERMS; HISTORICAL
  INTRODUCTION, WITH ILLUSTRATIONS; THE ELEMENTS OF HYDRO-MECHANICS,
  HYDROSTATICS AND PNEUMATICS; GRAVITY AND FRICTION;
  HYDRAULIC MEMORANDA; LAWS GOVERNING FLUIDS; WATER
  PRESSURE MACHINES; PUMPS AS HYDRAULIC MACHINES, ETC.

  PART ONE.


  PUBLISHED BY

  THEO. AUDEL & COMPANY

  72 FIFTH AVE.,
  NEW YORK, U.S.A.

  7, IMPERIAL ARCADE,
  LUDGATE CIRCUS, E.C.,
  LONDON, ENG.




  Copyrighted, 1905, by
  THEO. AUDEL & CO., NEW YORK.
  Entered at Stationers Hall, London, England.

  Protected by International Copyright in Great Britain and all
  her Colonies, and, under the provisions of the
  Berne Convention, in

  Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Tunis,
  Hayti, Luxembourg, Monaco, Montinegro
  and Norway.


  Printed in the United States.




TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part ONE.

The divisions of Part One are represented by the following headings:
each subject is fully treated and illustrated on the pages shown:


            PAGES

  INTRODUCTORY CONSIDERATIONS                    1-16

  GLOSSARY OF PUMP AND HYDRAULIC TERMS          17-34

  HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION                       35-70

  ELEMENTARY HYDRAULICS                        70-104

  FLOW OF WATER UNDER PRESSURE                105-116

  WATER PRESSURE MACHINES                     117-154

  WATER