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 _THE  WORKS_
 OF
 WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE.


 [Illustration]


 THE WORKS
 OF
 WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

 EDITED BY
 WILLIAM GEORGE CLARK, M.A.

 FELLOW AND TUTOR OF TRINITY
 COLLEGE, AND PUBLIC ORATOR IN
 THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE;

 AND WILLIAM ALDIS WRIGHT, M.A.

 LIBRARIAN OF TRINITY COLLEGE,
 CAMBRIDGE.

 _VOLUME V_.

 Cambridge and London:
 MACMILLAN AND CO.

 1864.


 CAMBRIDGE:
 PRINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A.
 AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.




CONTENTS.


 THE Preface. . . .                                  vii

 THE FIRST PART OF KING HENRY VI. . . .                3

 Notes to The First Part of King Henry VI. . . .     103

 THE SECOND PART OF KING HENRY VI. . . .             109

 Notes to The Second Part of King Henry VI. . . .    223

 THE THIRD PART OF KING HENRY VI. . . .              229

 Notes to The Third Part of King Henry VI. . . .     339

 THE FIRST PART OF THE CONTENTION, &c. . . .         343

 Notes to The First Part of the Contention,
 &c. . . .                                           405

 THE TRUE TRAGEDIE OF RICHARD DUKE
 OF YORKE, AND THE GOOD KING HENRY THE SIXT. . . .   407

 Notes to The True Tragedie of Richard Duke of
 Yorke. . . .                                        469

 KING RICHARD III. . . .                             473

 Notes to King Richard III. . . .                    637




PREFACE.


_The First Part of King Henry the Sixth_ was printed for the first
time, so far as we know, in the Folio of 1623. The same edition
contained also for the first time in their present form, ‘The second
Part of King Henry the Sixt, with the death of the Good Duke Humfrey,’
and ‘The third Part of King Henry the Sixt, with the death of the Duke
of Yorke.’

The play upon which the Second part of Henry the Sixth was founded was
first printed in quarto (Q1), in 1594, with the following title:

 The | First part of the Con- tention betwixt the two famous houses of
 Yorke | and Lancaster, with the death of the good | Duke Humphrey:
 | And the banishment and death of the Duke of | _Suffolke_, and the
 Tragicall end of the proud Cardinall | of _Winchester_, with the
 notable Rebellion | of _Iacke Cade:_ | _And the Duke of Yorkes first
 claime vnto the_ | _Crowne_. | LONDON | Printed by Thomas Creed, for
 Thomas Millington, | and are to be sold at his shop vnder Saint Peters
 | Church in Cornwall. | 1594. |

The only copy known of this edition is in the Bodleian Library (Malone,
Add. 870), and is probably the same which was once in Malone’s
possession, and which he collated with the second Quarto printed in
1600. Mr Halliwell, in the preface to ‘The first sketches of the
second and third parts of King Henry the Sixth,’ edited by him for the
Shakespeare Society, is inclined to doubt this, on the ground that
Malone quotes, from the copy in his possession, a reading which does
not exist in that now in the Bodleian. The passage in question is in
Scene IX. line 12, p. 370 of the present volume, ‘Honouring him as
if he were their king:’ on which Mr Halliwell in his note observes,
‘Malone, who has collated his copy of the edition of 1600, “printed by
W. W.,” with a copy of the 1594 edition formerly in his possession,
distinctly writes--

 “_Thinking_ him as if he were their king,”

as the reading of his copy of the first edition. If so, it must have
been a different copy from that now in the Bodleian, from which
the present text is reprinted, and another instance of the curious
variations in different copies of the same editions, which were first
discovered by Steevens (Boswell’s _Malone_, Vol. X. p. 73), and
recently applied to good use by Mr Collier.’ Mr Halliwell has here
inadvertently fallen into error. Malone’s collation is made in a copy
of the edition of 1600, in which the line stands thus:

 ‘Honouring him as if he were _a king_.’

At the foot of the page he wrote ‘their king,’ which is the reading
of the edition of 1594 for the two last words, but which Mr Halliwell
misread ‘thinking’ and regarded as a various reading for ‘Honouring.’
It is still possible, therefore, that Malone’s copy and that at present
in the Bodleian may be identical.

The second edition (Q2) of the First Part of the Contention appeared
in quarto in 1600, with the following title:

 The | First part of the Con-|tention betwixt the two famous hou-|_ses
 of Yorke and Lancaster, with the_ | death of the good Duke | Humphrey:
 | And the banishment and death of the Duke of | Suffolke, and the
 Tragical end of the prowd Cardinall | _of Winchester, with the notable
 Rebellion of_ | _Iacke Cade_: | _And the Duke of Yorkes first clayme
 to the_ | _Crowne_. | LONDON | Printed by Valentine Simmes for Thomas
 Millington, and | are to be sold at his shop vnder S. Peters church |
 in Cornewall. | 1600. |

Copies with this title are in the Library of the Duke of Devonshire,
and in the Bodleian (Malone, 867). An imperfect copy, wanting the last
seven leaves, is in the Capell collection. Another impression bearing
the same date, ‘Printed by W. W. for Thomas Millington,’ is said to
exist, but we have been unable to find it. The MS. title quoted by Mr
Halliwell from a copy in the Bodleian (Malone, 36) is prefixed to what
appears to us unquestionably the same edition as the above. The minute
correspondence of misplaced and defective letters between this copy and
Capell’s, with which, as well as with the other copy in the Bodleian,
we have compared it, proves beyond question that all three must have
been printed from the same form, and that the MS. title inserted in
Malone’s copy is out of place. So far therefore from Capell’s imperfect
copy of this edition being unique, as Mr Halliwell states, there are
at least two other perfect copies in existence, besides one which only
wants the title-page. In Lowndes’s _Bibliographer’s Manual_ (ed. Bohn,
p. 2281), another is said to be in the possession of Mr Tite. The late
Mr George Daniel is stated, on the same authority, to have had the
editions printed by Valentine Simmes and by W. W. in one volume, but
they were not sold at his sale, and we have been unable to trace them.

In 1619, a third edition (Q3) without date, printed by Isaac Jaggard,
and including also ‘The True Tragedy of Richard Duke of York,’ appeared
with the following title:

 The | Whole Contention | betweene the two Famous Houses, LANCASTER
 and | YORKE. | _With the Tragicall ends of the good Duke_ | Humfrey,
 Richard Duke of Yorke, | _and King Henrie the_ | _sixt_. | Diuided
 into two Parts: And newly corrected and | enlarged. Written by
 _William Shake-_|_speare_, Gent. | Printed at LONDON, for T. P. |

On the title-page of his copy of this edition, Capell has added in MS.
the date ‘1619.--at the same time with the Pericles that follows;
as appears by the continuation of the signatures.’ The signatures of
‘The whole Contention’ are from A to Q in fours, while in _Pericles_,
‘Printed for T. P. 1619,’ the first page has signature R, which shows
that the two must have formed part of the same volume.

‘The True Tragedy of Richard Duke of York,’ which formed the
ground-work of The Third part of King Henry the Sixth, was first
printed in small 8vo. in 1595, with the following title:

 The | true Tragedie of Richard | _Duke of Yorke, and the death of_ |
 good King Henrie the Sixt, | _With the whole contention betweene_ |
 the two Houses Lancaster | and Yorke, as it was sundrie times | acted
 by the Right Honoura-|ble the Earle of Pem-|brooke his seruants. |
 Printed at London by P. S. for Thomas Milling-|_ton, and are to be
 sold at his shoppe vnder_ | _Saint Peters Church in_ | _Cornwal_,
 1595. |

A unique copy of this edition is in the Bodleian Library (Malone, 876).
Although printed in 8vo. we have quoted it as Q1, in order to avoid
introducing a new notation.

The second edition (Q2) was printed in 1600, with the following title:

 The | True Tragedie of | Richarde Duke of | Yorke, and the death of
 good | King Henrie the sixt: | With the whole contention betweene the
 two | Houses, Lancaster and Yorke; as it was | sundry times acted by
 the Right | Honourable the Earle | of Pembrooke his | seruantes. |
 Printed at London by _W. W._ for _Thomas Millington_, | and are to be
 sold at his shoppe vnder Saint | Peters Church in Cornewall. | 1600. |

Copies of this edition are in the Duke of Devonshire’s Library, the
Bodleian (Malone, 36), and the British Museum. In Malone’s Shakespeare
(ed. 1790, Vol. I. Pt. I. p. 235), among the ‘Dramatick Pieces on which
plays were formed by Shakespeare,’ an edition of The True Tragedy is
mentioned, bearing date ‘1600, V. S. for Thomas Millington,’ but in
a note to the ‘Third Part of King Henry VI.’ (Vol. VI. p. 261) he
confesses, ‘I have never seen the quarto copy of the _Second_ part of
The whole Contention, &c. printed by _Valentine Simmes_ for Thomas
Millington, 1600;’ and it is extremely doubtful whether such a one
exists. A copy of The True Tragedy, and not, as stated in Bohn’s
Lowndes, of The First Part of the Contention, printed by W. W. 1600,
was sold at Rhodes’s sale in 1825 (No. 2113). The only authority
therefore for the existence of an edition of The First Part of the
Contention, printed by W. W. in 1600, is the MS. title-page of Malone’s
copy in the Bodleian Library. Capell merely quotes it on the authority
of Pope, and all that Pope says in the Table at the end of his first
edition, after giving the title of The Whole Contention printed in
1619, is, ‘Since Printed under the same Title by _W. W._ for _Tho.
Millington_, with the true Tragedy of _Richard_ D. of _York_, and the
Death of good King _Henry_ the 6th, acted by the Earl of Pembroke his
servants 1600.’ This clearly refers to the second Quarto of The True
Tragedy, not to that of The First Part of the Contention, and appears
to us to be the origin of the error†.

 ──────────
 † This view is further confirmed by a manuscript note at the back
 of the title-page of Steevens’s copy of The True Tragedy, ed. 1600,
 now in the British Museum. It shews that Pope is the only authority
 for the statement, and is as follows: ‘This is only the _third_ part
 of K. Henry VI. The _second_ part, according to Pope, was likewise
 printed in 1600, by W. W. for Thos. Millington. MALONE.’

The third edition (Q3) of The True Tragedy formed the second part of
The Whole Contention described above. It has no separate title-page,
but merely the heading:

 The Second Part. | Containing the Tragedie of | Richard Duke of Yorke,
 and the | _good King Henrie the_ | Sixt. |

We have reprinted the text of The First Part of the Contention and
of The True Tragedy from the first edition of each, giving in notes
at the foot of the page the various readings of the second and third
editions. For this purpose we collated Mr Halliwell’s reprint for the
Shakespeare Society with the originals in the Bodleian Library. The
accuracy of Mr Halliwell’s work materially facilitated our labours,
and we can only hope that the errors of our own reprint may be as
few and as unimportant as those we have discovered in his. For the
readings of the second Quartos of The First Part of the Contention and
The True Tragedy we collated the copies in the Bodleian and the Duke
of Devonshire’s Library, using also for the former the imperfect copy
in the Capell collection. The readings of The Whole Contention (Q3)
have been given from Capell’s copy verified by reference to that in the
Devonshire Library.

With regard to the authorship of The First Part of the Contention and
The True Tragedy, while we cannot agree with Malone on the one hand
that they contain nothing of Shakespeare’s, nor with Mr Knight on the
other that they are entirely his work, there are so many internal
proofs of his having had a considerable share in their composition,
that, in accordance with our principle, we have reprinted them in a
smaller type.

The first edition of KING RICHARD is a Quarto printed in 1597, with the
following title-page:

 The Tragedy of | King Richard the third. | Containing, | His
 treacherous Plots against his brother Clarence: | the pittiefull
 murther of his innocent nephewes: | his tyrannicall vsurpation: with
 the whole course | of his detested life, and most deserued death.
 | As it hath beene lately Acted by the | Right honourable the Lord
 Chamber-|laine his seruants. | AT LONDON | Printed by Valentine Sims,
 for Andrew Wise, | dwelling in Paules Church-yard, at the | Sign of
 the Angell. | 1597. |

This edition is referred to, in our notes, as Q1.

We have collated a complete copy belonging to the Duke of Devonshire
and also an imperfect copy formerly belonging to Malone and now in
the Bodleian. Malone had supplied the missing leaves by the insertion
of some from the second Quarto†. There is no copy in the Capell
collection.

 ──────────
 † He says in a MS. note: ‘This copy of the original edition of King
 Richard III. was imperfect, when I purchased it, wanting signat.
 C 1 and 2, D 4, L 4, and M 1, 2, and 3. These seven leaves I have
 supplied from a later copy (that of 1598), and have collated with
 the edition of 1597. The variations are set down in the margin.’ He
 adds: ‘Mr Penn Ashton Curzon and Mr Kemble are possessed of copies
 of this original edition of this play: I know of no other, except
 that in this volume.’ Mr Kemble’s copy is now in the Devonshire
 Library, and Mr Curzon’s is probably the same which was sold at
 Mr Daniel’s sale and is now in the possession of Mr Huth. Besides
 the leaves of Malone’s copy which are missing, signatures C 3 and
 C 4 are imperfect, the upper half of each being supplied from the
 edition of 1598.

The second edition, also in Quarto, which we call Q2, was published
in the following year, with the name of the author. It is in other
respects a reprint of the first. The title-page is as follows:

 THE | TRAGEDIE | of King Richard | the third. | Conteining his
 treacherous Plots against his | brother _Clarence_: the pitiful
 murther of his innocent | Nephewes: his tyrannicall vsurpation: with
 | the whole course of his detested life, and most | _deserued death_.
 | _As it hath beene lately Acted by the Right honourable_| _the Lord
 Chamberlaine his seruants_. | _By_ William Shakespeare.| LONDON |
 Printed by Thomas Creede, for Andrew Wise, | dwelling in Paules
 Church-yard, at the signe | of the Angell. 1598. |

The third Quarto, our Q3, has the following title-page:

 THE | TRAGEDIE | of King Richard | the third. | _Conteining his
 treacherous Plots against his brother_ | _Clarence_: the pittifull
 murther of his innocent Ne-|phewes: his tyrannicall vsurpation: with
 the | whole course of his detested life, and | most deserued death.
 | _As it hath bene lately Acted by the Right Honourable_ | _the
 Lord Chamberlaine his seruants_. | Newly augmented,| By _William
 Shakespeare_. | LONDON | Printed by Thomas Creede, for Andrew Wise,
 dwelling | in Paules Churchyard, at the signe of the | Angell. 1602.|

Notwithstanding the words ‘newly augmented,’ this edition contains
nothing that is not found in the second Quarto, from which it is
reprinted, except some additional errors of the press.

The fourth Quarto, our Q4, was printed from the third, by the same
printer for a different bookseller, as appears by the title-page:

 THE | TRAGEDIE | of King Richard | the third. | _Conteining his
 treacherous Plots against his brother | Clarence_: the pittifull
 murther of his innocent Ne-|phewes: his tyrannicall vsurpation:
 with the | whole course of his detested life, and | most deserued
 death. | _As it hath bin lately Acted by the Right Honourable | the
 Lord Chamberlaine his seruants_. | Newly augmented, | By _William
 Shake-speare_. | LONDON, | Printed by Thomas Creede, and are to be
 sold by _Mathew | Lawe_, dwelling in Paules Church-yard, at the Signe
 | of the Foxe, neare S. Austins gate, 1605. |

There is no copy of Q4 in the Capell collection. We have collated one
in the Bodleian which formerly belonged to Malone. It is numbered 880.

The fifth Quarto, Q5, was printed in 1612, not from its immediate
predecessor, but from the Quarto of 1602, although it was printed by
the same printer and for the same bookseller as that of 1605. The
title-page of Q5 is as follows:

 THE | TRAGEDIE | of King Richard | the third. | _Containing his
 treacherous Plots against his brother | Clarence_: the pittifull
 murther of his innocent Ne-phewes: his tyrannicall vsurpation: with
 the | whole course of his detested life, and | most deserued death. |
 _As it hath beene lately Acted by the Kings Maiesties | seruants_. |
 Newly augmented, | By _William Shake-speare_. | LONDON, | Printed by
 Thomas Creede, and are to be sold by Mathew | Lawe, dwelling in Pauls
 Church-yard,