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3

THE RECONSTRUCTION OF GEORGIA




  STUDIES IN HISTORY, ECONOMICS AND PUBLIC LAW

  EDITED BY THE FACULTY OF POLITICAL SCIENCE OF
  COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY

  VOLUME XIII]      [NUMBER 3


  THE RECONSTRUCTION OF GEORGIA


  BY EDWIN C. WOOLLEY, Ph.D.


  New York
  THE COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS
  THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, AGENTS
  LONDON: P. S. KING & SON
  1901




TABLE OF CONTENTS


                                                              PAGE

  CHAPTER I
    Presidential Reconstruction                                  9

  CHAPTER II
    The Johnson Government                                      16

  CHAPTER III
    Congress and the Johnson Governments--The Reconstruction
    Acts of 1867                                                24

  CHAPTER IV
    The Administrations of Pope and Meade                       38

  CHAPTER V
    The Supposed Restoration of 1868                            49

  CHAPTER VI
    The Expulsion of the <DW64>s from the Legislature and
    the Uses to which this Event was applied                    56

  CHAPTER VII
    Congressional Action Regarding Georgia from December,
    1868, to December, 1869                                     63

  CHAPTER VIII
    The Execution of the Act of December 22, 1869, and the
    Final Restoration                                           72

  CHAPTER IX
    Reconstruction and the State Government                     87

  CHAPTER X
    Conclusion                                                 109

    Bibliography                                               111




LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS


A. A. C. = American Annual Cyclopaedia.

B. A. = Address of Bullock to the people of Georgia, a pamphlet dated
1872.

B. L. = Letter from Bullock to the chairman of the Ku Klux Committee,
published in Atlanta in 1871.

C. G. = Congressional Globe.

C. R. = Report of the State Comptroller.

E. D. = United States Executive Documents.

E. M. = Executive Minutes (of Georgia).

G. O. D. S. = General Orders issued in the Department of the South.

G. O. H. = General Orders issued from the headquarters of the army.

G. O. M. D. G. = General Orders issued in the Military District of
Georgia.

G. O. T. M. D. = General Orders issued in the Third Military District.

H. J. = Journal of the Georgia House of Representatives.

H. M. D. = United States House Miscellaneous Documents.

J. C., 1865 = Journal of the Georgia Constitutional Convention of 1865.

J. C., 1867-8 = Journal of the Georgia Constitutional Convention of
1867-8.

K. K. R. = Ku Klux Report (Report of the Joint Committee of Congress on
the Conditions in the Late Insurrectionary States, submitted at the 2d
session of the 42d Congress, 1872).

M. C. U. = Milledgeville _Confederate Union_.

M. F. U. = Milledgeville _Federal Union_.

R. C. = Reports of Committees of the United States House of
Representatives.

R. S. W. = Report of the Secretary of War.

S. D. = United States Senate Documents.

S. J. = Journal of the Georgia Senate.

S. L. = Session Laws of Georgia.

S. R. = United States Senate Reports.

S. O. M. D. G. = Special Orders issued in the Military District of
Georgia.

S. O. T. M. D. = Special Orders issued in the Third Military District.

U. S. L. = United States Statutes at Large.




CHAPTER I

PRESIDENTIAL RECONSTRUCTION


The question, what political disposition should be made of the Confederate
States after the destruction of their military power, began to be
prominent in public discussion in December, 1863. It was then that
President Lincoln announced his policy upon the subject, which was to
restore each state to its former position in the Union as soon as
one-tenth of its population had taken the oath of allegiance prescribed in
his amnesty proclamation and had organized a state government pledged to
abolish slavery. This policy Lincoln applied to those states which were
subdued by the federal forces during his administration, viz., Tennessee,
Arkansas and Louisiana. When the remaining states of the Confederacy
surrendered in 1865, President Johnson applied the same policy, with some
modifications, to each of them (except Virginia, where he simply
recognized the Pierpont government).

Before this policy was put into operation, however, an effort was made by
some of the leaders of