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Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they
are listed at the end of the text.

Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). A carat character
is used to denote superscription: a single character following the carat is
superscripted (example: A^4). The degree sign is rendered ^o. [)e]
indicates "e breve" (short e), and so forth.

On pp. 237-257 the extinct genera and species referred to as being in
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Project Gutenberg has the other volume of this work.
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PLATE XXVI.

[Illustration: ST. JOHN'S MACAQUE]


_LLOYD'S NATURAL HISTORY._

EDITED BY R. BOWDLER SHARPE, LL.D., F.L.S., &c.

A HAND-BOOK
TO THE
PRIMATES.

BY
HENRY O. FORBES, LL.D., F.R.G.S., F.Z.S., ETC.,
DIRECTOR OF MUSEUMS TO THE CORPORATION OF LIVERPOOL,
_Author of "A Naturalist's Wanderings in the Eastern Archipelago,"
etc., etc., etc._

_VOL. II._

LONDON:
EDWARD LLOYD, LIMITED,
12, SALISBURY SQUARE, FLEET STREET.
1897.




PREFACE.


The prefatory remarks in the preceding volume explain the purport of the
"Hand-book" of the Primates, which has been undertaken by Dr. Forbes. I
hope that the portion of the work devoted to the geographical distribution
of these animals will be found to be of some interest; but, as explained by
the author, the meagreness of the material in Museums renders the
definition of the exact habitats of Monkeys extremely difficult.

R. BOWDLER SHARPE.




INTRODUCTION.


I have little to add to the remarks given in the first volume of this
"Hand-book." I may refer, however, to the interest which attaches to the
study of the extinct forms of life, in relation to those which exist at the
present day. Although I have endeavoured, to the best of my ability, to
present to the student as complete a review of the species of Monkeys known
to us at the present time, I am well aware that there is an enormous amount
of work to be done before our knowledge of the Primates can be said to be
complete. There is a natural repugnance to collecting specimens of Monkeys
on the part of sportsmen. To shoot one feels like killing a sort of
relation, and even our best collectors, who thoroughly understood the
necessity of obtaining specimens in the interests of science, speak with a
feeling of pain of the human-like distress which a wounded Monkey exhibits;
and it is, therefore, difficult to induce travellers to shoot animals which
offer so much of a "counterfeit presentment" to human beings.

The loose way in which the older naturalists expressed themselves in regard
to geographical distribution, has also rendered a correct appreciation of
the ranges of some of the Primates exceedingly difficult.   Thus "Brazil"
may mean any portion of the South American continent from the Argentine
Republic to the Amazons, and "Mexique" has done duty in many Museums for
any locality between Mexico and Panama. Much, therefore, remains to be done
to define the exact areas which the different species of Primates inhabit.

HENRY O. FORBES.




SYSTEMATIC INDEX.


                                                    PAGE
  ORDER PRIMATES (_continued_),                        1

  SUB ORDER II.--ANTHROPOIDEA (_continued_),           1

  FAMILY CERCOPITHECIDAE (_continued_),                1

  SUB-FAMILY CERCOPITHECINAE (_continued_),            1

  IV. MACACUS, Lacep.,                            1, 213
     1. inuus (L.),                               4, 213
     2. arctoides, Is. Geoffr.,                        8
     3. rufescens, Anders.,                           11
     4. maurus, F. Cuv.,                              11
     5. fuscatus, Blyth,                              13
     6. leoninus, Blyth,                              14
     7. nemestrinus (L.),                             16
     8. silenus (L.),                                 18
     9. assamensis, McClell.,                         20
    10. rhesus (Audeb.),                              22
    11. lasiotis, Gray,                               25
    12. tcheliensis, Milne-Edw.,                      26
    13. sancti-johannis (Swinh.),                     28
    14. cyclops, Swinh.,                              28
    15. cynomologus (L.),                             31
    16. pileatus (Shaw),                              33
    17. sinicus (L.),                                 35

  V. CERCOCEBUS, Geoffr.,                             36
     1. fuliginosus, Geoffr.,                         37
     2. collaris, Gray,                               38
     3. aethiops (L.),                                39
     4. albigena, Gray,                               40
     5. aterrimus, Oudem.,                            40
     6. galeritus, Peters,                            41

  VI. CERCOPITHECUS, Erxl.                            41

  Group I.--Cercopitheci rhinosticti                  44
     1. petaurista (Schreb.)                          44
     2. signatus, Jentink                             45
     3. erythrogaster, Gray                           46
     4. buettikoferi, Jentink                         47
     5. martini, Waterh.                              47
     6. ludio, Gray                                   48
     7. melanogenys, Gray                             49
     8. stampflii, Jentink                            50
     9. schmidti, Matschie                            50
    10. nictitans (L.)                                51
    11. erythrotis, Waterh.                           52
    12. cephus (L.)                                   53

  Group II.--Cercopitheci chloronoti                  54
    13. cynosurus (Scop.)                             55
    14. sabaeus (L.)                                  56
    15. werneri, Geoffr.                              58
    16. callitrichus, Is. Geoffr.                     58
    17. pygerythrus, F. Cuv.                          60
    18. tantalus, Ogilby                              62

  Group III.--Cercopitheci erythronoti                63
    19. patas (Schreb.)                               63
    20. pyrrhonotus, H. and E.                        64
    21. rufo-viridis, Geoffr.                         65

  Group IV.--Cercopitheci melanochiri                 66
    