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Transcriber's notes:


Several chapters were omitted from the English translation of which
this is a transcription. The reasons for this are given in the
footnotes.

Words originally printed in Greek are shown that way in some versions
of this eBook. English transliterations were added to all versions by
the Transcribers and are enclosed in {curly braces}.

Other notes will be found at the end of this eBook.




[Illustration]

    UNIVERSAL
    CLASSICS
    LIBRARY

    EDITOR'S
    AUTOGRAPH EDITION

    ATTEST:

    Robert Arnot
        MANAGING EDITOR




[Illustration]

    UNIVERSAL CLASSICS
    LIBRARY

    ILLUSTRATED
    WITH PHOTOGRAVURES
    ON JAPAN VELLUM
    HAND PAINTED
    REPRODUCTIONS
    AND FULL PAGE
    PORTRAITS
    OF
    AUTHORS

    M. WALTER DUNNE
    PUBLISHER
    NEW YORK AND LONDON




    COPYRIGHT, 1901,
    BY
    M. WALTER DUNNE,
    PUBLISHER




GENERAL PREFACE


[Illustration]

Of the Library of Universal Classics and Rare Manuscripts, twenty
volumes are devoted to the various branches of Government, Philosophy,
Law, Ethics, English and French Belles Lettres, Hebraic, Ottoman, and
Arabian Literature, and one to a collection of 150 reproductions,
bound in English vellum, of the autographs, papers and letters of
Rulers, Statesmen, Poets, Artists and Celebrities ranging through
three centuries, crowned by an illuminated facsimile of that historic
Document, the Magna Carta.

The series in itself is an epitome of the best in History, Philosophy
and Literature. The great writers of past ages are accessible to
readers in general solely through translations. It was, therefore,
necessary that translations of such rare Classics as are embodied
in this series should be of the best, and should possess exactitude
in text and supreme faithfulness in rendering the author's thought.
Under the vigilant scholarship of the Editorial Council this has been
accomplished with unvarying excellence. The classification, selection
and editing of the various volumes have been the subject of much
earnest thought and consultation on the part of more than twenty of the
best known scholars of the day.

The Universities of Yale, Washington, Cornell, Chicago, Pennsylvania,
Columbia, London, Toronto and Edinburgh are all represented among
the contributors, the writers of special introductions, or upon
the consulting staff, the latter including the Presidents of five
of the Universities mentioned. Among others who contribute special
essays upon given subjects may be mentioned the late Librarian of
the British Museum, Dr. Richard Garnett, who furnishes the essay
introducing "Evelyn's Diary." From the Librarian of the National
Library of France, Leon Vallee, comes the fascinating introduction
to the celebrated "Memoirs of the Duc de Saint-Simon." The scholarly
minister to Switzerland (late First Assistant Secretary of State), Dr.
David J. Hill, lent his wide reading to the brilliant and luminous
essay that precedes the "Rights of War and Peace." The resources of the
Congressional Library at Washington, as well as of foreign libraries,
have all been drawn upon in the gigantic task of compressing into the
somewhat narrow limits of twenty volumes all that was highest, best,
most enduring and useful in the various ramifications of literature at
large.

The first section of the Library is devoted entirely to the manuscript
reproductions of the autographs of celebrated men in all ranks and
phases of life