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                            J. BRYER & SON,

              Nautical Instrument Makers & Yacht Fitters,

                        104, MINORIES, LONDON.

            13-in. high, =£5 10s.= Nickel-plated, =£6 10s.=


                    Blocks.
                    Rope.
                    Cleats.
                    Fairleads.
                    Flags.
                    Pumps.
                    Chains.
                    Anchors.
                    Cork Seats.
                    Stoves.
                    Knives, etc.
                    Masts.
                    Spars.
                    Wire Rigging.

                    [Illustration]

                    Spirit Compasses.
                    Dry Compasses.
                    Clocks and Aneroid Barometers.
                    Charts.
                    Books.
                    Night Glasses.
                    Lamps: Port, Starboard, and Anchor.
                    Cabin Lamps.

                  *       *       *       *       *

                               Rowlocks.
                              Boat Hooks.
                               Fendoffs.

      Extreme Height only 14 inches. 5-inch Card Liquid Compass.

These Binnacles are much approved of for small yachts, 3 and 5 tonners.
               Compass is perfectly steady in a sea way.

          _Rope of all Kinds for Yachts, Boats, and Canoes._

                           CATALOGUES FREE.




     The only Prize Medal awarded for Construction of Boats at the
              International Inventions Exhibition, 1885.

                     By Appointment to the Queen.

                            [Illustration]

                      ESTABLISHED OVER 100 YEARS.

                              R. J. TURK,

                    BOAT, PUNT, AND CANOE BUILDER,

                      KINGSTON-ON-THAMES, SURREY.

   _Boats, Punts, and Canoes of every kind Built with all the Latest
                            Improvements._

                HEAD QUARTERS OF THE ROYAL CANOE CLUB.

             CRUISING CANOE, with SELF-REEFING GEAR SAILS.


                            [Illustration]

    Gold Medal, Melbourne, 1888-1889. Gold Medal, Edinburgh, 1886.

    Gold Medal, Glasgow, 1886-1887. Silver Medal, Liverpool, 1886.

           Gold Medal, Paris International Exhibition, 1885.

         Silver and Bronze Medals, Falmouth Exhibition, 1885.

The Medal of the Sanitary Institute of Great Britain, Leicester, 1885.

  Only Prize Medal, Inventions Exhibition, 1885, for Construction of
                                Boats.

           Silver Medal, Havre, 1887. Medal, Saltaire, 1887.

Highest Award, First Order of Merit, Adelaide International Exhibition,
                   1887, for Rowing Skiff and Canoe.

Silver Medal, Brussels, 1888. Silver and Bronze Medals, Barcelona, 1888.

Builder of the Nautilus Sailing Canoe, awarded Silver Medal, Inventions
                           Exhibition, 1885.


                 RADIX FOLDING CENTRE BOARD (Patent).

         Gold Medal, New Orleans. Silver Medal, Philadelphia.

                  Sole Agent for Europe, R. J. TURK.




                            NORIE & WILSON,

                           CHART PUBLISHERS,

                        156, MINORIES, LONDON.

              SAILING AND STEAM YACHTS FOR SALE OR HIRE.

                  YACHTING REQUISITES OF EVERY KIND.

 _Charts, Books, Nautical Instruments, Signal Flags, Burgees, Ensigns,
                                 etc._

                            [Illustration]

                         CATALOGUES POST FREE.




                               SAILING.

                             E. F. KNIGHT.




                       _THE ALL-ENGLAND SERIES._

                  _Small 8vo, cloth, price 1s. each._


     _CRICKET._ _By the HON. IVO BLIGH._

     _LAWN TENNIS._ _By H. W. W. WILBERFORCE, Sec. A.E.L.T.C._

     _ROWING AND SCULLING._ _By W. B. WOODGATE, Diamond Sculls._

     _SAILING._ _By E. F. KNIGHT, Author of “The Cruise of the
     ‘Falcon,’” &c._ [_Double volume, 2s._]

     _GOLF._ _By W. T. LINSKILL, Cam. Univ. Golf Club._

     _SWIMMING._ _By MARTIN COBBETT._

     _CYCLING._ _By H. H. GRIFFIN, L.A.C., N.C.U., C.T.C._

     _ATHLETICS._ _By H. H. GRIFFIN, L.A.C._

     _FOOTBALL--RUGBY GAME._ _By HARRY VASSALL._

     _FOOTBALL--ASSOCIATION GAME._ _By C. W. ALCOCK._

     _BOXING._ _By R. G. ALLANSON-WINN, Winner of Middle and Heavy
     Weights, Cambridge, 1876-8._

     _WRESTLING._ _By WALTER ARMSTRONG, Author of “Wrestliana.”_

     _TENNIS._ _By JULIAN MARSHALL._

     _FENCING._ _By H. A. COLMORE DUNN, Inns of Court School of Arms._

     _SKATING._ _By DOUGLAS ADAMS, London Skating Club._


                     _LONDON: GEORGE BELL & SONS._




                               SAILING.

                                  BY

                             E. F. KNIGHT,

                           BARRISTER-AT-LAW,

                AUTHOR OF “THE CRUISE OF THE ‘FALCON,’”
                  “THE ‘FALCON’ ON THE BALTIC,” ETC.

                    _WITH NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS._

               LONDON: GEORGE BELL & SONS, YORK STREET,
                            COVENT GARDEN.
                                 1889.




                                LONDON:
             PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED,
                  STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS.




CONTENTS.


CHAPTER I.

INTRODUCTORY.
                                                                    PAGE

The choice of a boat--Description of the various parts of a
cutter                                                                 1


CHAPTER II.

THE ROPES.

Knots, bends, and hitches                                              6


CHAPTER III.

THE THEORY OF SAILING.

Leeway and lateral resistance--Heeling--Balancing sails--
Tacking--Action of rudder--Longitudinal