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[Illustration: PRESIDENT WILSON
The first portrait of President Wilson since America entered the war,
taken at the White House March 19, 1918
((C) _Sun Printing and Publishing Association_)]




[Illustration: FERDINAND FOCH
Generalissimo of the allied armies on the western front]




CURRENT HISTORY

_A Monthly Magazine of_ =The New York Times=

Published by The New York Times Company, Times Square, New York, N. Y.

    Vol. VIII.} No. 2                               25 Cents a Copy
    Part I.   }                 May, 1918           $3.00 a Year


TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                    PAGE
    CURRENT HISTORY CHRONICLED                                       191

    THE BATTLE OF PICARDY: A Military Review                         197
       The British Reverses and Their Causes By a Military Observer  205

    FOUR EPIC WEEKS OF CARNAGE                      By Philip Gibbs  209
      How General Carey Saved Amiens                                 219
      Battle Viewed From the French Front           By G. H. Perris  221
      Caring for Thousands of Refugees                               228

    PROGRESS OF THE WAR: Chronology to April 18                      231

    RUSSIA UNDER GERMAN DOMINATION                                   235
      The Czar's Loyalty to the Allies: An Autograph Letter          239

    PERSHING'S ARMY UNDER GENERAL FOCH                               240
      Our War Machine in New Phases                                  243
      Shortage in Aircraft Production                                245

    AMERICA'S FIRST YEAR OF WAR                                      247
      War Department's Improved System          By Benedict Crowell  254
      The Surgeon General's Great Organization   By Caswell A. Mayo  256

    WAR WORK OF THE AMERICAN RED CROSS                               258

    GREAT BRITAIN FACES A CRISIS              By David Lloyd George  263

    RUSSIA AND THE ALLIES                      By Arthur J. Balfour  272

    PRESIDENT WILSON ON THE RUSSIAN TREATIES                         275

    AMERICAN LIBERTY'S CRUCIAL HOUR             By William E. Borah  278

_Contents Continued on Next Page_

Copyright, 1918, by The New York Times Company. All Rights Reserved.
Entered at the Post Offices in New York and in Canada as Second Class
Matter.

    DEFENDING THE WORLD'S RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY   By J. Hamilton Lewis  281
       Messenger Dogs in the German Army                             283

    FULL RECORD OF SINKINGS BY U-BOATS           By Sir Eric Geddes  284
        Admiralty Summary of Shipping Losses                         286
        The Month's Submarine Record                                 289

    TYPICAL U-BOAT METHODS: British Admiralty Records                290
        The Story of an Indomitable Captain        By Joseph Conrad  292

    THE NAVAL DEFENSE OF VENICE                                      293
        Venice Under the Grim Shadow                                 299

    TAKING OVER THE DUTCH SHIPS                                      303

    AIR RAIDS ON PARIS AND LONDON                                    305
        The Tale of Zeppelin Disasters                               309

    PARIS BOMBARDED BY LONG-RANGE GUNS                               310

    THE IRISH GUARDS                             By Rudyard Kipling  313

    THE GUILT OF GERMANY: Prince Lichnowsky's Memorandum             314
        Reply of Former Foreign Minister von Jagow                   320

    COUNT CZERNIN ON PEACE TERMS                                     323
        Great Britain's Reply to Count Czernin                       327

    AUSTRO-FRENCH "PEACE INITIATIVE" CONTROVERSY                     328

    A REVIEW OF THE BATTLE OF JUTLAND      By Thomas G. Frothingham  334
        Charts of Battle of Jutland                                  332

    GERMAN CHURCHMAN'S DEFENSE OF POISON GAS                         343

    GREAT BRITAIN'S WAR WORK IN 1917                                 344

    THE BATTLE OF CAMBRAI: Official Report    By Field Marshal Haig  349

    THE EUROPEAN WAR AS SEEN BY CARTOONISTS: 42 Cartoons             361

ROTOGRAVURE ILLUSTRATIONS

                                           PAGE
    PRESIDENT WILSON                  _Frontis_
    FERDINAND FOCH, GENERALISSIMO         "
    BENEDICT CROWELL                        204
    AMERICAN ARMY CHIEFS                    205
    BRITISH COMMANDERS IN FRANCE            220
    GERMAN COMMANDERS IN FRANCE             221
    UNITED STATES CONGRESS                  236
    AMERICAN FIRST AID STATION              237
    REPRESENTATIVES OF CENTRAL POWERS       268
    PANORAMA OF VENICE                      269
    HENRY P. DAVISON                        284
    ACTUAL SURRENDER OF JERUSALEM           285
    CAMP ZACHARY TAYLOR                     316
    VIEW OF CAMP SHERMAN                    317
    GRAVES OF TUSCANIA VICTIMS              332
    LIBERTY LOAN POSTER                     333




CURRENT HISTORY CHRONICLED

[PERIOD ENDED APRIL 19, 1918.]

AN EPOCH-MAKING MONTH


The month covered by this issue of CURRENT HISTORY MAGAZINE was the most
fateful in a military way since the beginning of the war. The most
desperate and sanguinary battle in history, begun with the great German
offensive in France March 21, 1918, was at its most furious phase when
these pages were printed. No less than 4,000,000 men were engaged in
deadly combat on a front of 150 miles.

General Foch, by agreement of the Allies, was made Commander in Chief of
the allied armies in France, March 28. This decision, long regarded as
of supreme importance, was hastened by the new emergency. The United
States on April 16 officially approved the appointment. The result of
the change was to co-ordinate all the allied forces in France into one
army. Early fruits of this new unity were apparent in the news of April
19, when it was announced that heavy French reinforcements had come that
day to the relief of the hard-pressed and weary British troops in
Flanders, and had halted the Germans; the same day the French
counterattacked in the Amiens region and thrust the Germans back, thus
giving a brighter aspect to the entire situation in France. The story of
the battle of Picardy up to April 18 is told elsewhere in detail.

The separation of Russian provinces from the old Russian Empire
continued during the