



Produced by Douglas L. Alley, III, Chris Curnow and the
Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
(This file was produced from images generously made
available by The Internet Archive)







[Illustration: GREAT SEALS OF KING RICHARD THE FIRST.]




                            ANCIENT ARMOUR
                                  AND
                          WEAPONS IN EUROPE:

                               FROM THE

            IRON PERIOD OF THE NORTHERN NATIONS TO THE END
                      OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY:

                                 WITH

               ILLUSTRATIONS FROM COTEMPORARY MONUMENTS.

                            BY JOHN HEWITT,

        MEMBER OF THE ARCHÆOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF GREAT BRITAIN.

                          OXFORD AND LONDON:
                     JOHN HENRY AND JAMES PARKER.
                               MDCCCLV.




            PRINTED BY MESSRS. PARKER, CORN-MARKET, OXFORD.




                    DESCRIPTION OF THE ENGRAVINGS.


  1. (_Frontispiece._) Great Seals of King Richard Cœur-de-Lion. The
      first of these (with the rounded helmet) has been drawn from
      impressions appended to Harleian Charters, 43, C. 27; 43, C.
      29; and 43, C. 30; and Carlton Ride Seals, i. 19. In this, as
      in other cases, more seals have been examined, but it seems
      unnecessary to supply references to any but the best examples.
      The king wears the hauberk of chain-mail with continuous coif,
      over a tunic of unusual length. The chausses are also of
      chain-mail, and there is an appearance of a chausson at the
      knee, but the prominence of the seal at this part has caused
      so much obliteration, that the existence of this garment may
      be doubted. The helmet is rounded at the top, and appears to
      be strengthened by bands passing round the brow and over the
      crown. The shield is bowed, and the portion in sight ensigned
      with a Lion: it is armed with a spike in front, and suspended
      over the shoulders by the usual _guige_. Other points of this
      figure will be noticed at a later page.

      Second Great Seal of Richard I. Drawn from impressions in the
      British Museum: Harl. Charter, 43, C. 31, and Select Seals,
      XVI. 1; and Carlton Ride Seals, H. 17