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Transcriber's Note:

  Inconsistent hyphenation and spelling in the original document have
  been preserved. Obvious typographical errors have been corrected.

  Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.

  The book uses both Phillippi and Phillipi.

  An upside-down T symbol is represented as [Symbol: upside-down T].




  [Illustration: Harris Newmark]




     SIXTY YEARS
     IN
     SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

     1853-1913

     CONTAINING THE REMINISCENCES OF
     HARRIS NEWMARK

     EDITED BY
     MAURICE H. NEWMARK
     MARCO R. NEWMARK

     Every generation enjoys the use of a vast hoard bequeathed
     to it by antiquity, and transmits that hoard, augmented by
     fresh acquisitions, to future ages. In these pursuits, therefore,
     the first speculators lie under great disadvantages, and, even
     when they fail, are entitled to praise.--MACAULAY.

     _WITH 150 ILLUSTRATIONS_


     NEW YORK
     The Knickerbocker Press
     1916




     COPYRIGHT, 1916
     BY
     M. H. AND M. R. NEWMARK




     To
     THE MEMORY OF
     MY WIFE




In Memoriam


At the hour of high twelve on April the fourth, 1916, the sun shone
into a room where lay the temporal abode, for eighty-one years and
more, of the spirit of Harris Newmark. On his face still lingered that
look of peace which betokens a life worthily used and gently
relinquished.

Many were the duties allotted him in his pilgrimage; splendidly did he
accomplish them! Providence permitted him the completion of his final
task--a labor of love--but denied him the privilege of seeing it given
to the community of his adoption.

To him and to her, by whose side he sleeps, may it be both monument
and epitaph.

_Thy will be done!_

     M. H. N.
     M. R. N.




INTRODUCTION


Several times during his latter years my friend, Charles Dwight
Willard, urged me to write out my recollections of the five or six
decades I had already passed in Los Angeles, expressing his regret
that many pioneers had carried from this world so much that might have
been of interest to both the Angeleno of the present and the future
historian of Southern California; but as I had always led an active
life of business or travel, and had neither fitted myself for any sort
of literary undertaking nor attempted one, I gave scant attention to
the proposal. Mr. Willard's persistency, however, together with the
prospect of cooperation offered me by my sons, finally overcame my
reluctance and I determined to commence the work.

Accordingly in June, 1913, at my Santa Monica home, I began to devote
a few hours each day to a more or less fragmentary enumeration of the
incidents of my boyhood; of my voyage over the great wastes of sea and
land between my ancestral and adopted homes; of the pueblo and its
surroundings that I found on this Western shore; of its people and
their customs; and, finally, of the men and women who, from then until
now, have contributed to the greatness of the Southland, and of the
things they have done or said to entitle their names to be recorded.
This task I finished in the early fall. During its progress I entered
more and more into the distant Past, until Memory conjured before me
many long-forgotten faces and happenings. In the end, I found that I
had jotted down a mass of notes much greater than I had expected.

Thereupon the Editors began their duties, which were to arrange the
materials at hand, to supply names and dates that had escaped me, and
to interview many who had been principals in events and, accordingly,
were presumed to know the details; and much progress was made, to the
enlarging and enrichment of the book. But it was not long before they
found that the work involved an amount of investigation which their
limited time would not permit; and that if carried out on even the
modest plan originally contemplated, some additional assistance would
be required.

Fortunately, just then they met Perry Worden, a post-graduate of
Columbia and a Doctor of Philosophy of the University of Halle,
Germany; a scholar and an author of attainments. His aid, as
investigator and adviser, has been indispensable to the completion of
the work in its present form. Dr. Worden spent many months searching
the newspapers, magazines and books--some of whose titles find special
mention in the text--which deal with Southern California and its past;
and he also interviewed many pioneers, to each of whom I owe
acknowledgment for ready and friendly cooperation. In short, no pains
was spared to confirm and amplify all the facts and narratives.

Whether to arrange the matter chronologically or not, was a problem
impossible of solution to the complete satisfaction of the Editors;
this, as well as other methods, having its advantages and
disadvantages. After mature consideration, the chronological plan was
adopted, and the events of each year have been recorded more or less
in the order of their happening. Whatever confusion, if any, may arise
through this treatment of local history as a chronicle for ready
reference will be easily overcome, it is believed, through the dating
of the chapters and the provision of a comprehensive index; while the
brief chapter-heading, generally a reference to some marked occurrence
in that period, will further assist the reader to get his bearings.
Preference has been given to the first thirty years of my residence in
Los Angeles, both on account of my affectionate remembrance of that
time and because of the peculiarity of memory in advanced life which
enables us to recall remote events when more recent ones are
forgotten; and inasmuch as so little has been handed down from the
days of the adobe, this partiality will probably find favor.

In collecting this mass of data, many discrepancies were met with,
calling for the acceptance or rejection of much long current here as
fact; and in all such cases I selected the version most closely
corresponding with my own recollection, or that seemed to me, in the
light of other facts, to be correct. For this reason, no less than
because in my narrative of hitherto unrecorded events and
personalities it would be miraculous if errors have not found their
way into the story, I shall be grateful if those who discover
inaccuracies will report them to me. In these sixty years, also, I
have met many men and women worthy of recollection, and it is certain
that there are some whose names I have not mentioned; if so, I wish to
disclaim any intentional neglect. Indeed, precisely as I have
introduced the names of a number for whom I have had no personal
liking, but whose services to the community I remember with respect,
so there are doubtless others whose activities, past or present, it
would afford me keen pleasure to note, but whom unhappily I have
overlooked.

With this brief introduction, I give the manuscript to the printer,
not with the ambitious hope of enriching literature in any respect,
but not without confidence that I have provided some new material for
the local historian--perhaps of the future--and that there may be a
goodly number of people sufficiently interested to read and enjoy the
story, yet indulgent enough to overlook the many faults in its
narration.

     H. N.

     LOS ANGELES,
     _December 31, 1915_.




FOREWORD


The Historian no longer writes History by warming over the pancakes of
his predecessors. He must surely know what they have done, and
how--and whereby they succeeded and wherein they failed. But his own
labor is to find the sidelights they did not have. Macaulay saves him
from doing again all the research that Macaulay had to do; but if he
could find a twin Boswell or a second Pepys he would rather have
either than a dozen new Macaulays. Since history is becoming really a
Science, and is no more a closet exploration of half-digested
arm-chair books, we are beginning to learn the overwhelming value of
the contemporary witness. Even a justice's court will not admit
Hearsay Evidence; and Science has been shamed into adopting the same
sane rule. Nowadays it demands the eye-witness. We look less for the
"Authorities" now, and more for the Documents. There are too many
histories already, such as they are--self-satisfied and oracular, but
not one conclusive. Every history is put out of date, almost daily, by
the discovery of some scrap of paper or some clay tablet from under
the ashes of Babylon.

Mere Humans no longer read History--except in school where they have
to, or in study clubs where it is also Required. But a plain personal
narrative is interesting now as it has been for five thousand years.
The world's greatest book is of course compulsory; but what is the
_interesting_ part of it? Why, the stories--Adam and Eve; Abraham,
Isaac and Jacob; Saul and David and Samson and Delilah; Solomon, Job,
and Jesus the Christ! And if anyone thinks Moses worked-in a little
too much of the Family Tree--he doesn't know what biblical archaeology
is doing. For it is thanks to these same "petty" details that modern
Science, in its excavations and decipherings, has verified the Bible
and resolved many of its riddles!

Greece had one Herodotus. America had _four_, antedating the year
1600. All these truly great historians built from all the "sources"
they could find. But none of them quite give us the homely, vital
picture of life and feeling that one untaught and untamed soldier,
Bernal Diaz, wrote for us three hundred years ago when he was past
ninety, and toothless--and angry "because the historians didn't get it
straight." The student of Spanish America has often to wish there had
been a Bernal Diaz for every decade and every province from 1492 to
1800. His unstudied gossip about the conquest of Mexico is less
balanced and less authoritative, but far more illuminative, than the
classics of his leader, Cortez--a university man, as well as a great
conqueror.

For more than a quarter of a century it was one of my duties to study
and review (for the _Nation_ and other critical journals) all sorts of
local chronicles all over Spanish and English America--particularly of
frontier times. In this work I have read searchingly many hundreds of
volumes; and have been brought into close contact with our greatest
students and editors of "History-Material," and with their standards.

I have read no other such book with so unflagging interest and content
as these memoirs of Harris Newmark. My personal acquaintance with
Southern California for more than thirty years may color my interest
in names and incidents; but I am appraising this book (whose proofs I
have been permitted to read thoroughly) from the standpoint of the
student of history anywhere. Parkman and Fiske and Coues and Hodge and
Thwaites would join me in the wish that every American community might
have so competent a memorandum of its life and customs and growth, for
its most formative half-century.

This is _not_ a history. It is two other much more necessary
things--for there is no such thing as a real History of Los Angeles,
and cannot be for years. These are the frank, naive, conversational
memoirs of a man who for more than sixty years could say of Southern
California almost as truly as AEneas of his own time--"All of which I
saw, much of which I was." The keen observation, the dry humor, the
fireside intimacy of the talk, the equity and accuracy of memory and
judgment--all these make it a book which will be much more valued by
future generations of readers and students. We are rather too near to
it now.

But it is more than the "confessions" of one ripe and noble
experience. It is, beyond any reasonable comparison, the most
characteristic and accurate composite picture we have ever had of an
old, brave, human, free, and distinctive life that has changed
incredibly to the veneers of modern society. It is the very mirror of
who and what the people were that laid the real foundations for a
community which is now the wonder of the historian. The very details
which are "not Big enough" for the casual reader (mentally over-tuned
to newspaper headlines and moving pictures) are the vital and enduring
merits of this unpretentious volume. No one else has ever set down so
many of the very things that the final historian of Los Angeles will
search for, a hundred years after all our oratories and "literary
efforts" have been well forgotten. It is a chronicle indispensable for
every public library, every reference library, the shelf of every
individual concerned with the story of California.

It is the _Pepys's Diary_ of Los Angeles and its tributary domain.

     CHARLES F. LUMMIS.




PREFACE


The Editors wish to acknowledge the cooperation given, from time to
time, by many whose names, already mentioned in the text, are not
repeated here, and in particular to Drs. Leo Newmark and Charles F.
Lummis, and Joseph P. and Edwin J. Loeb, for having read the proofs.
They also wish to acknowledge Dr. Lummis's self-imposed task of
preparing the generous foreword with which this volume has been
favored. Gratitude is also due to various friends who have so kindly
permitted the use of photographs--not a few of which, never before
published, are rare and difficult to obtain. Just as in the case,
however, of those who deserve mention in these memoirs, but have been
overlooked, so it is feared that there are some who have supplied
information and yet have been forgotten. To all such, as well as to
several librarians and the following, thanks are hereby expressed:
Frederick Baker, Horace Baker, Mrs. J. A. Barrows, Prospero Barrows,
Mrs. R. C. Bartow, Miss Anna McConnell Beckley, Sigmund Beel, Samuel
Behrendt, Arthur S. Bent, Mrs. Dora Bilderback, C. V. Boquist, Mrs.
Mary Bowman, Allan Bromley, Professor Valentin Buehner, Dr. Rose
Bullard, J. O. Burns, Malcolm Campbell, Gabe Carroll, J. W. Carson,
Walter M. Castle, R. B. Chapman, J. H. Clancy, Herman Cohn, Miss
Gertrude Darlow, Ernest Dawson and Dawson's Bookshop, Louise Deen,
George E. Dimitry, Robert Dominguez, Durell Draper, Miss Marjorie
Driscoll, S. D. Dunann, Gottlieb Eckbahl, Richard Egan, Professor
Alfred Ewington, David P. Fleming, James G. Fowler, Miss Effie
Josephine Fussell, A. P. Gibson, J. Sherman Glasscock, Gilbert H.
Grosvenor, Edgar J. Hartung, Chauncey Hayes, George H. Higbee, Joseph
Hopper, Adelbert Hornung, Walter Hotz, F. A. Howe, Dr. Clarence
Edward Ide, Luther Ingersoll, C. W. Jones, Mrs. Eleanor Brodie Jones,
Reverend Henderson Judd, D. P. Kellogg, C. G. Keyes, Willis T.
Knowlton, Bradner Lee, Jr., H. J. Lelande, Isaac Levy, Miss Ella
Housefield Lowe, Mrs. Celeste Manning, Mrs. Morris Meyberg, Miss
Louisa Meyer, William Meying, Charles E. Mitchell, R. C. Neuendorffer,
S. B. Norton, B. H. Prentice, Burr Price, Edward H. Quimby, B. B.
Rich, Edward I. Robinson, W. J. Rouse, Paul P. Royere, Louis
Sainsevain, Ludwig Schiff, R. D. Sepulveda, Calvin Luther Severy, Miss
Emily R. Smith, Miss Harriet Steele, George F. Strobridge, Father
Eugene Sugranes, Mrs. Carrie Switzer, Walter P. Temple, W. I. Turck,
Judge and Mrs. E. P. Unangst, William M. Van <DW18>, August Wackerbarth,
Mrs. J. T. Ward, Mrs. Olive E. Weston, Professor A. C. Wheat and
Charles L. Wilde.




CONTENTS


                                                             PAGE

     IN MEMORIAM                                                v

     INTRODUCTION                                             vii

     FOREWORD                                                  xi

     PREFACE                                                   xv


     CHAPTER

           I.--CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH, 1834-1853                   1

          II.--WESTWARD, HO! 1853                               6

         III.--NEW YORK--NICARAGUA--THE GOLDEN GATE, 1853      14

          IV.--FIRST ADVENTURES IN LOS ANGELES, 1853           27

           V.--LAWYERS AND COURTS, 1853                        45

          VI.--MERCHANTS AND SHOPS, 1853                       60

         VII.--IN AND NEAR THE OLD PUEBLO, 1853                80

        VIII.--ROUND ABOUT THE PLAZA, 1853-1854                97

          IX.--FAMILIAR HOME-SCENES, 1854                     112

           X.--EARLY SOCIAL LIFE, 1854                        128

          XI.--THE RUSH FOR GOLD, 1855                        146

         XII.--THE GREAT HORSE RACE, 1855                     157

        XIII.--PRINCELY _RANCHO_ DOMAINS, 1855                166

         XIV.--ORCHARDS AND VINEYARDS, 1856                   189

          XV.--SHERIFF BARTON AND THE _BANDIDOS_, 1857        204

         XVI.--MARRIAGE--THE BUTTERFIELD STAGES, 1858         220

        XVII.--ADMISSION TO CITIZENSHIP, 1859                 240

       XVIII.--FIRST EXPERIENCE WITH THE TELEGRAPH, 1860      260

         XIX.--STEAM-WAGON--ODD CHARACTERS, 1860              274

          XX.--THE RUMBLINGS OF WAR, 1861                     289

         XXI.--HANCOCK--LADY FRANKLIN--THE DELUGE, 1861       299

        XXII.--DROUGHTS--THE _ADA HANCOCK_ DISASTER,
               1862-1863                                      310

       XXIII.--ASSASSINATION OF LINCOLN, 1864-1865            328

        XXIV.--H. NEWMARK & COMPANY--CARLISLE-KING DUEL,
              1865-1866                                       342

         XXV.--REMOVAL TO NEW YORK, AND RETURN, 1867-1868     359

        XXVI.--THE CERRO GORDO MINES, 1869                    379

       XXVII.--COMING OF THE IRON HORSE, 1869                 393

      XXVIII.--THE LAST OF THE VIGILANTES, 1870               408

        XXIX.--THE CHINESE MASSACRE, 1871                     421

         XXX.--THE WOOL CRAZE, 1872-1873                      437

        XXXI.--THE END OF VASQUEZ, 1874                       452

       XXXII.--THE SANTA ANITA _RANCHO_, 1875                 472

      XXXIII.--LOS ANGELES & INDEPENDENCE RAILROAD, 1876      485

       XXXIV.--THE SOUTHERN PACIFIC, 1876                     496

        XXXV.--THE REVIVAL OF THE SOUTHLAND, 1877-1880        509

       XXXVI.--CENTENARY OF THE CITY--ELECTRIC LIGHT,
               1881-1884                                      525

      XXXVII.--REPETTO AND THE LAWYERS, 1885-1887             546

     XXXVIII.--THE GREAT BOOM, 1887                           564

       XXXIX.--PROPOSED STATE DIVISION, 1888-1891             588

          XL.--THE FIRST _FIESTAS_, 1892-1897                 602

         XLI.--THE SOUTHWEST ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY,
               1898-1905                                      616

        XLII.--THE SAN FRANCISCO EARTHQUAKE, 1906-1910        633

       XLIII.--RETROSPECTION, 1910-1913                       641

               INDEX                                          653




ILLUSTRATIONS


                                                           FACING
                                                             PAGE

     HARRIS NEWMARK. IN HIS SEVENTY-NINTH YEAR
         Engraved from a photograph                _Frontispiece_

     FACSIMILE OF A PART OF THE MS                              2

     REPRODUCTION OF SWEDISH ADVERTISEMENT                      3

     PHILIPP NEUMARK                                           10
         From a Daguerreotype

     ESTHER NEUMARK                                            10
         From a Daguerreotype

     J. P. NEWMARK                                             10
         From a Daguerreotype

     MR. AND MRS. JOSEPH NEWMARK                               10

     LOS ANGELES IN THE EARLY FIFTIES                          11
         From a drawing of the Pacific Railway Expedition

     BELLA UNION AS IT APPEARED IN 1858                        26
         From a lithograph

     JOHN GOLLER'S BLACKSMITH SHOP                             27
         From a lithograph of 1858

     HENRY MELLUS                                              50
         From a Daguerreotype

     FRANCIS MELLUS                                            50
         From a Daguerreotype

     JOHN G. DOWNEY                                            50

     CHARLES L. DUCOMMUN                                       50

     THE PLAZA CHURCH                                          51
         From a photograph, probably taken in the middle
         eighties

     PIO PICO                                                  68
         From an oil portrait

     JUAN BANDINI                                              68

     ABEL STEARNS                                              68

     ISAAC WILLIAMS                                            68

     STORE OF FELIPE RHEIM                                     69

     JOHN JONES                                               102

     CAPTAIN F. MORTON                                        102

     CAPTAIN AND MRS. J. S. GARCIA                            102

     CAPTAIN SALISBURY HALEY                                  102

     _El Palacio_, HOME OF ABEL AND ARCADIA STEARNS           103
         From a photograph of the seventies

     THE LUGO RANCH-HOUSE, IN THE NINETIES                    103

     J. P. NEWMARK                                            112
         From a vignette of the sixties

     JACOB RICH                                               112

     O. W. CHILDS                                             112

     JOHN O. WHEELER                                          112

     BENJAMIN D. WILSON                                       113

     GEORGE HANSEN                                            113

     DR. OBED MACY                                            113

     SAMUEL C. FOY                                            113

     MYER J. AND HARRIS NEWMARK                               128
         From a Daguerreotype

     GEORGE CARSON                                            128

     JOHN G. NICHOLS                                          128

     DAVID W. ALEXANDER                                       129

     THOMAS E. ROWAN                                          129

     MATTHEW KELLER                                           129

     SAMUEL MEYER                                             129

     LOUIS SAINSEVAIN                                         154

     MANUEL DOMINGUEZ                                         154

     _El Aliso_, THE SAINSEVAIN WINERY                        154
         From an old lithograph

     JACOB ELIAS                                              155

     JOHN T. LANFRANCO                                        155

     J. FRANK BURNS                                           155

     HENRY D. BARROWS                                         155

     MAURICE KREMER                                           168

     SOLOMON LAZARD                                           168

     MELLUS'S, OR BELL'S ROW                                  168
         From a lithograph of 1858

     WILLIAM H. WORKMAN AND JOHN KING                         169

     PRUDENT BEAUDRY                                          169

     JAMES S. MALLARD                                         169

     JOHN BEHN                                                169

     LOUIS ROBIDOUX                                           174

     JULIUS G. WEYSE                                          174

     JOHN BEHN                                                174

     LOUIS BREER                                              174

     WILLIAM J. BRODRICK                                      175

     ISAAC R. DUNKELBERGER                                    175

     FRANK J. CARPENTER                                       175

     AUGUSTUS ULYARD                                          175

     LOS ANGELES IN THE LATE FIFTIES                          188
         From a contemporary sketch

     MYER J. NEWMARK                                          189

     EDWARD J. C. KEWEN                                       189

     DR. JOHN S. GRIFFIN                                      189

     WILLIAM C. WARREN                                        189

     HARRIS NEWMARK, WHEN (ABOUT) THIRTY-FOUR YEARS OLD       224

     SARAH NEWMARK, WHEN (ABOUT) TWENTY-FOUR YEARS OF AGE     224

     FACSIMILE OF HARRIS AND SARAH NEWMARK'S WEDDING
       INVITATION                                             225

     SAN PEDRO STREET, NEAR SECOND, IN THE EARLY SEVENTIES    254

     COMMERCIAL STREET, LOOKING EAST FROM MAIN, ABOUT 1870    254

     VIEW OF PLAZA, SHOWING THE RESERVOIR                     255

     OLD LANFRANCO BLOCK                                      255

     WINFIELD SCOTT HANCOCK                                   290

     ALBERT SIDNEY JOHNSTON                                   290

     LOS ANGELES COUNTY IN 1854                               291
         From a contemporary map

     THE MORRIS ADOBE, ONCE FREMONT'S HEADQUARTERS            291

     EUGENE MEYER                                             310

     JACOB A. MOERENHOUT                                      310

     FRANK LECOUVREUR                                         310

     THOMAS D. MOTT                                           310

     LEONARD J. ROSE                                          311

     H. K. S. O'MELVENY                                       311

     REMI NADEAU                                              311

     JOHN M. GRIFFITH                                         311

     KASPARE COHN                                             342

     M. A. NEWMARK                                            342

     H. NEWMARK & CO.'S STORE, ARCADIA BLOCK, ABOUT 1875,
     INCLUDING (LEFT) JOHN JONES'S FORMER PREMISES            343

     H. NEWMARK & CO.'S BUILDING, AMESTOY BLOCK, ABOUT
     1884                                                     343

     DR. TRUMAN H. ROSE                                       370

     ANDREW GLASSELL                                          370

     DR. VINCENT GELCICH                                      370

     CHARLES E. MILES, IN UNIFORM OF 38'S                     370

     FACSIMILE OF STOCK CERTIFICATE, PIONEER OIL CO.          371

     AMERICAN BAKERY, JAKE KUHRTS'S BUILDING, ABOUT 1880      371

     LOEBAU MARKET PLACE, NEAR THE HOUSE IN WHICH
     HARRIS NEWMARK WAS BORN                                  384

     STREET IN LOEBAU, SHOWING (RIGHT) REMNANT OF ANCIENT
     CITY WALL                                                384

     ROBERT M. WIDNEY                                         385

     DR. JOSEPH KURTZ                                         385

     ISAAC N. VAN NUYS                                        385

     ABRAHAM HAAS                                             385

     PHINEAS BANNING, ABOUT 1869                              400

     HENRI PENELON, IN HIS STUDIO                             400

     _Carreta_, EARLIEST MODE OF TRANSPORTATION               401

     ALAMEDA STREET DEPOT AND TRAIN, LOS ANGELES & SAN
     PEDRO RAILROAD                                           401

     HENRY C. G. SCHAEFFER                                    428

     LORENZO LECK                                             428

     HENRY HAMMEL                                             428

     LOUIS MESMER                                             428

     JOHN SCHUMACHER                                          428

     WILLIAM NORDHOLT                                         428

     TURNVEREIN-GERMANIA BUILDING, SPRING STREET              429

     VASQUEZ AND HIS CAPTORS                                  452
         (_Top_)    D. K. SMITH,
                    WILLIAM R. ROWLAND,
                    WALTER E. RODGERS.
         (_Middle_) ALBERT JOHNSON,
                    GREEK GEORGE'S HOME,
                    G. A. BEERS.
         (_Bottom_) EMIL HARRIS,
                    TIBURCIO VASQUEZ,
                    J. S. BRYANT.

     GREEK GEORGE                                             453

     NICOLAS MARTINEZ                                         453

     BENJAMIN S. EATON                                        464

     HENRY T. HAZARD                                          464

     FORT STREET HOME, HARRIS NEWMARK, SITE OF BLANCHARD
         HALL; JOSEPH NEWMARK AT THE DOOR                     464

     CALLE DE LOS <DW64>s (<DW65> ALLEY), ABOUT 1870           465

     SECOND STREET, LOOKING EAST FROM HILL STREET, EARLY
         SEVENTIES                                            465

     ROUND HOUSE, WITH MAIN STREET ENTRANCE                   476

     SPRING STREET ENTRANCE TO GARDEN OF PARADISE             476

     TEMPLE STREET, LOOKING WEST FROM BROADWAY, ABOUT
         1870                                                 477

     PICO HOUSE, SOON AFTER COMPLETION                        477

     WILLIAM PRIDHAM                                          500

     BENJAMIN HAYES                                           500

     ISAAC LANKERSHIM                                         500

     RABBI A. W. EDELMAN                                      500

     FORT STREET, FROM THE CHAPARRAL ON FORT HILL             501

     ANTONIO FRANCO AND MARIANA CORONEL                       520
         From an oil painting in the Coronel Collection

     FOURTH STREET, LOOKING WEST FROM MAIN                    520

     TIMMS LANDING                                            521
         From a print of the late fifties

     SANTA CATALINA, IN THE MIDDLE EIGHTIES                   521

     MAIN STREET LOOKING NORTH FROM SIXTH, PROBABLY IN
     THE LATE SEVENTIES                                       530

     HIGH SCHOOL, ON POUND CAKE HILL, ABOUT 1873              530

     TEMPLE COURT HOUSE, AFTER ABANDONMENT BY THE
     COUNTY                                                   531

     FIRST STREET, LOOKING EAST FROM HILL                     531

     SPRING STREET, LOOKING NORTH FROM FIRST, ABOUT 1885      566

     CABLE CAR, RUNNING NORTH ON BROADWAY (PREVIOUSLY
     FORT STREET), NEAR SECOND                                567

     EARLY ELECTRIC CAR, WITH CONDUCTOR JAMES GALLAGHER
     (STILL IN SERVICE)                                       567

     GEORGE W. BURTON                                         594

     BEN C. TRUMAN                                            594

     CHARLES F. LUMMIS                                        594

     CHARLES DWIGHT WILLARD                                   594

     GRAND AVENUE RESIDENCE, HARRIS NEWMARK, 1889             595

     ISAIAS W. HELLMAN                                        616

     HERMAN W. HELLMAN                                        616

     CAMERON E. THOM                                          616

     YGNACIO SEPULVEDA                                        616

     FIRST SANTA FE LOCOMOTIVE TO ENTER LOS ANGELES           617

     MAIN STREET, LOOKING NORTH, SHOWING FIRST FEDERAL
     BUILDING, MIDDLE NINETIES                                617

     HARRIS AND SARAH NEWMARK, AT TIME OF GOLDEN WEDDING      636

     SUMMER HOME OF HARRIS NEWMARK, SANTA MONICA              637

     HARRIS NEWMARK, AT THE DEDICATION OF M. A. NEWMARK
     & CO.'S ESTABLISHMENT, 1912                              644

     J. P. NEWMARK, ABOUT 1890                                644

     HARRIS NEWMARK BREAKING GROUND FOR THE JEWISH
     ORPHANS' HOME, NOVEMBER 28TH, 1911                       645




     SIXTY YEARS
     IN
     SOUTHER