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  Transcriber's Notes
  All obvious spelling errors have been corrected.
  The Greek word Ὠθεὰ has been corrected to Ὠ θεὰ.




  BELL'S ENGLISH HISTORY SOURCE BOOKS
  _General Editors_: +S. E. Winbolt+, M.A., and +Kenneth Bell+, M.A.


  YORK AND LANCASTER




  BELL'S ENGLISH HISTORY SOURCE BOOKS.

  _Volumes now Ready, 1s. net each._


  =449-1066.= =The Welding of the Race.= Edited by the Rev.
  +John Wallis+, M.A.

  =1066-1154.= =The Normans in England.= Edited by +A. E.
  Bland+, M.A.

  =1154-1216.= =The Angevins and the Charter.= Edited by
  +S. M. Toyne+, M.A.

  =1216-1307.= =The Growth of Parliament, and the War with
  Scotland.= Edited by +W. D. Robieson+, M.A.

  =1307-1399.= =War and Misrule.= Edited by +A. A.
  Locke+.

  =1399-1485.= =York and Lancaster.= Edited by +W. Garmon
  Jones+, M.A.

  =1485-1547.= =The Reformation and the Renaissance.= Edited
  by +F. W. Bewsher+, B.A.

  =1547-1603.= =The Age of Elizabeth.= Edited by +Arundell
  Esdaile+, M.A.

  =1603-1660.= =Puritanism and Liberty.= Edited by +Kenneth
  Bell+, M.A.

  =1660-1714.= =A Constitution in Making.= Edited by +G. B.
  Perrett+, M.A.

  =1714-1760.= =Walpole and Chatham.= Edited by +K. A.
  Esdaile+.

  =1760-1801.= =American Independence and the French
  Revolution.= Edited by +S. E. Winbolt+, M.A.

  =1801-1815.= =England and Napoleon.= Edited by +S. E.
  Winbolt+, M.A.

  =1815-1837.= =Peace and Reform.= Edited by +A. C. W.
  Edwards+, M.A., Christ's Hospital.

  =1837-1856.= =Commercial Politics.= By +R. H.
  Gretton+.

  =1856-1876.= =Palmerston to Disraeli.= Edited by +Ewing
  Harding+, B.A.

  =1876-1887.= =Imperialism and Mr. Gladstone.= Edited by
  +R. H. Gretton+, M.A.

         *       *       *       *       *

  =1563-1913.= =Canada.= Edited by +James Munro+,
  Lecturer at Edinburgh University.


  BELL'S SCOTTISH HISTORY SOURCE BOOKS.

  =1637-1688.= =The Scottish Covenanters.= Edited by +J.
  Pringle Thomson+, M.A.

  =1689-1746.= =The Jacobite Rebellions.= Edited by +J.
  Pringle Thomson+, M.A.


  LONDON: G. BELL AND SONS, LTD.




  YORK AND LANCASTER

  1399-1485

  COMPILED BY

  W. GARMON JONES, M.A.

  ASSISTANT LECTURER IN HISTORY, UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL

  [Illustration]

  LONDON
  G. BELL AND SONS, LTD.
  1914




INTRODUCTION


This series of English History Source Books is intended for use with
any ordinary textbook of English History. Experience has conclusively
shown that such apparatus is a valuable--nay, an indispensable--adjunct
to the history lesson. It is capable of two main uses: either by
way of lively illustration at the close of a lesson, or by way of
inference-drawing, before the textbook is read, at the beginning of
the lesson. The kind of problems and exercises that may be based on
the documents are legion, and are admirably illustrated in a _History
of England for Schools_, Part I., by Keatinge and Frazer, pp. 377-381.
However, we have no wish to prescribe for the teacher the manner in
which he shall exercise his craft, but simply to provide him and his
pupils with materials hitherto not readily accessible for school
purposes. The very moderate price of the books in this series should
bring them within the reach of every secondary school. Source books
enable the pupil to take a more active part than hitherto in the
history lesson. Here is the apparatus, the raw material: its use we
leave to teacher and taught.

Our belief is that the books may profitably be used by all grades
of historical students between the standards of fourth-form boys
in secondary schools and undergraduates at Universities. What
differentiates students at one extreme from those at the other is not
so much the kind of subject-matter dealt with, as the amount they can
read into or extract from it.

In regard to choice of subject-matter, while trying to satisfy the
natural demand for certain "stock" documents of vital importance, we
hope to introduce much fresh and novel matter. It is our intention
that the majority of the extracts should be lively in style--that is,
personal, or descriptive, or rhetorical, or even strongly partisan--and
should not so much profess to give the truth as supply data for
inference. We aim at the greatest possible variety, and lay under
contribution letters, biographies, ballads and poems, diaries, debates,
and newspaper accounts. Economics, London, municipal, and social life
generally, and local history, are represented in these pages.

The order of the extracts is strictly chronological, each being
numbered, titled, and dated, and its authority given. The text is
modernised, where necessary, to the extent of leaving no difficulties
in reading.

We shall be most grateful to teachers and students who may send us
suggestions for improvements.

  S. E. WINBOLT.
  KENNETH BELL.


NOTE TO THIS VOLUME

I have to thank Sir E. Maunde Thompson and the Council of the Royal
Society of Literature for so readily permitting me to quote from Sir
E. Maunde Thompson's edition of Adam of Usk's _Chronicle_. With three
exceptions, the sources quoted in this volume are contemporary, and,
where I have employed non-contemporary material, I have endeavoured to
justify its use in a prefatory note to the extract.

  W. G. J.

_Postscript._--Mr. C. L. Kingsford, in his valuable critical account,
_English Historical Literature in the Fifteenth Century_, recently
published, argues strongly against the accepted authorship of the _Vita
et gesta Henrici Quinti_ (quoted on pp. 15-19). Hearne erroneously
attributes it to Thomas Elmham. Mr. Kingsford shows that the date of
its composition lies between 1446 and 1449, and that its anonymous
author was, in all probability, a foreigner.




 TABLE OF CONTENTS


                                                                      PAGE
       +Introduction+                                                    v

 DATE

 1399. +The Coronation of Henry IV.+     _Chronicle of Adam of Usk_      1

 1400. +Conspiracy of the Earls+         _Capgrave's Chronicle_          2

 1401. +De Heretico Comburendo+          _Statutes of the Realm_         3

 1401-2. +The Glendower War+             _Chronicle of Adam of Usk_      4

 1403. +The Peril of Henry+              _Ellis's "Original Letters"_    6

       +The Battle of Shrewsbury+        _Chronicle of Adam of Usk_      7

 1404. +French Aid for Glendower+        _Ellis's "Original Letters"_    8

 1406. +Election of Knights of the
           Shire+                        _Statutes of the Realm_         8

 1407. +Money-Grants to Initiate in
           the Commons+                  _Rotuli Parliamentorum_         9

 1410. +Prince Henry and the Heretic+    _Gregory's Chronicle_          11

 1413. +The Death of Henry IV.+          _Fabyan's "Chronicle"_         12

       +Electors and Elected to
           Parliament to be Resident+     _Statutes of the Realm_        13

 1414. +The Dauphin's Reply to Henry+    _Chronicle of Henry V._        13

       +The Commons and Legislation+     _Rotuli Parliamentorum_        14

 1415. +The Conspiracy of Cambridge+     _Nicolas's "Agincourt"_        15

       +The Battle of Agincourt+         _Elmham's "Vita et gesta
                                             Henrici Quinti"_           15

 1416. +Borough Customs+                 _Customs of Hereford_          19

 1417. +The Execution of Sir John        _Brief Chronicle of Sir John
          Oldcastle+                         Oldcastle_                 22

 1418. +The Siege of Rouen+              _Collections of a London
                                             Citizen_ (_Camden Soc._)   23

 1420. +The Treaty of Troyes+            _Rymer's "Fœdera"_             24

 1422. +The Death of Henry V.+           _Monstrelet's "Chronicles"_    26

       +A Begging Letter to Henry VI.+   _Ellis's "Original Letters"_   27

 1424. +The Battle of Verneuil+          _Waurin's "Chronicles"_        28

 1429. +To King Henry VI.+               _Wright's "Political Poems"_   30

       +The Battle of Herrings+          _Monstrelet's "Chronicles"_    31

       +Joan of Arc Raises the Siege
           of Orleans+                   _Waurin's "Chronicles"_        32

 1430. +The Forty-Shilling Franchise+    _Statutes of the Realm_        35

 1431. +The Condemnation of the Maid+    _Waurin's "Chronicles"_        36

 1432. +The Education of Henry VI.+      _Paston Letters_               40

 1439. +Precautions to Protect the
           King against Infection+       _Rotuli Parliamentorum_        43

 1445. +A Nobleman requests a Licence
           for a Ship+                   _Ellis's "Original Letters"_   44

       +Discomforts of Pilgrims at Sea+  _Early Naval Ballads_          44

       +Parliamentary Elections+         _Statutes of the Realm_        46

 1446. +Henry VI. Reforms the Grammar
           Schools+                      _Excerpta Historica_           47

 1449. +The French Recover Fougères+     _Reductio Normannie_           48

       +Capture of Verneuil+             _Reductio Normannie_           49

 1450. +The Battle of Formigny+          _Reductio Normannie_           51

       +A Father's Counsel+              _Paston Letters_               52

 1450. +Murder of Duke of Suffolk+       _Paston Letters_               54

       +Cade's Rebellion+                _Three 15th-Cent. Chronicles_  55

 1451. +Packing a Jury+                  _Paston Letters_               58

       +Partial Judges+                  _Paston Letters_               58

 1454. +Lawlessness+                     _Paston Letters_               59

       +The Condition of Ireland+        _Ellis's "Original Letters"_   62

       +Beginnings of Civil Strife+      _Ingulph's "Chronicles"_       63

       +The King's Madness+              _Paston Letters_               64

 1455. +The Battle of St. Albans+        _Archæologia_                  65

       +An Unruly Noble+                 _Rotuli Parliamentorum_        69

       +The Litigiousness of the Age+    _Gascoigne's "Loci e Libro
                                             Veritatum"_                70

 1457. +The Trial of Bishop Pecock+      _An English Chronicle_         70

 1458. +A Sea Fight+                     _Paston Letters_               72

       +The Evils in the Church+         _Gascoigne's "Loci e Libro
                                             Veritatum"_                73

 1459. +The Evils of Misgovernment+      _An English Chronicle_         75

 1460. +York's Popularity+               _An English Chronicle_         75

       +The Battle of Northampton+       _An English Chronicle_         76

       +The Wanderings of Margaret+      _Gregory's Chronicle_          78

       +The Battle of Wakefield+         _Hall's "Chronicle"_           79

       +Ravages of the Lancastrians+     _Ingulph's "Chronicles"_       80

 1461. +Battle of Mortimer's Cross+      _Collections of London
                                             Citizen_                   81

       +The Battle of Towton+            _Ingulph's "Chronicles"_       81

       +Accession of Edward IV.+         _Archæologia_                  83

 1463. +Mayor of London's Dignity+       _Collections of London
                                             Citizen_                   83

 1464. +Marriage of Edward IV.+          _Collections of London
                                             Citizen_                   84

 1465 (_circa_). +A Dinner of Flesh+     _Russ