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                                  THE

                          FRIENDS OF VOLTAIRE

                [Illustration: JEAN-LEROND D’ALEMBERT.

                   _From an Engraving after Pujos._]




                                  THE

                          FRIENDS OF VOLTAIRE


                          BY S. G. TALLENTYRE

    AUTHOR OF “THE LIFE OF VOLTAIRE,” “THE WOMEN OF THE SALONS,” ETC.


     “Il faut que les âmes pensantes se frottent l’une contre l’autre
     pour faire jaillir de la lumiere.”

     Voltaire: _Letter to the Duc d’Uzès, December 4, 1751_.


                                LONDON

                   JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET, W.

                                 1906




                         _All rights reserved_




CONTENTS


                                                                    PAGE

   I. D’ALEMBERT: THE THINKER (1717-1783)                              1

  II. DIDEROT: THE TALKER (1713-1784)                                 32

 III. GALIANI: THE WIT (1728-1787)                                    62

  IV. VAUVENARGUES: THE APHORIST (1715-1747)                          96

   V. D’HOLBACH: THE HOST (1723-1789)                                118

  VI. GRIMM: THE JOURNALIST (1723-1807)                              150

 VII. HELVÉTIUS: THE CONTRADICTION (1715-1771)                       176

VIII. TURGOT: THE STATESMAN (1727-1781)                              206

  IX. BEAUMARCHAIS: THE PLAYWRIGHT (1732-1799)                       236

   X. CONDORCET: THE ARISTOCRAT (1743-1794)                          268

      INDEX                                                          299




PORTRAITS


D’ALEMBERT                                                 _Frontispiece_

_From an Engraving after Pujos._


DIDEROT                                               _To face_  _p._ 32

_From an Engraving by Henriquez, after the Portrait by
Vanloo._


GALIANI                                                            "   62

_From a Print._


VAUVENARGUES                                                        "  96

_From a Print in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris._


D’HOLBACH                                                           " 118

_From a Portrait in the Musée Condé, Chantilly._


GRIMM                                                               " 150

_From an Engraving, after Carmontelle, in the Bibliothèque
Nationale, Paris._


HELVÉTIUS                                                           " 176

_From an Engraving by St. Aubin, after the Portrait by
Vanloo._


TURGOT                                                              " 206

_From an Engraving by Le Beau, after the Portrait by
Troy._


BEAUMARCHAIS                                                        " 236

_From an Engraving, after Michon, in the Bibliothèque
Nationale, Paris._


CONDORCET                                                           " 268

_From an Engraving by Lemort, after the Bust by St.
Aubin._




SOME SOURCES OF INFORMATION


  D’Alembert. _Joseph Bertrand._
  Œuvres et Correspondance inédites. _D’Alembert._
  Correspondance avec d’Alembert. _Marquise du Deffand._
  Diderot and the Encyclopædists. _John Morley._
  Éloge de d’Alembert. _Condorcet._
  Œuvres. _Diderot._
  Diderot. _Reinach._
  Diderot, l’Homme et l’Ecrivain. _Ducros._
  Diderot. _Scherer._
  Diderot et Catherine II. _Tourneux._
  Ferdinando Galiani, Correspondance, Étude, etc. _Perrey et Maugras._
  Lettres de l’Abbé Galiani. _Eugène Asse._
  Mémoires et Correspondance. _Madame d’Épinay._
  Jeunesse de Madame d’Épinay. _Perrey et Maugras._
  Dernières Années de Madame d’Épinay. _Perrey et Maugras._
  Mémoires. _Marmontel._
  Mémoires. _Morellet._
  Causeries du Lundi. _Sainte-Beuve._
  Vauvenargues. _Paléologue._
  Œuvres et Éloge de Vauvenargues. _D. L. Gilbert._
  Melchior Grimm. _Scherer._
  Rousseau. _John Morley._
  Miscellanies. _John Morley._
  Correspondance Littéraire. _Grimm et Diderot._
  Turgot. _Léon Say._
 