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LEGENDS
OF THE KAW

INDIAN
FOLK LORE


DE VOE

[Illustration: SCENE IN THE KANSAS VALLEY.]




LEGENDS OF
THE KAW


THE FOLK-LORE
OF
THE INDIANS OF THE
KANSAS RIVER VALLEY.


BY
CARRIE DE VOE.


FRANKLIN HUDSON PUBLISHING CO.,
KANSAS CITY, MO.
1904.




Copyright, 1904, by
FRANKLIN HUDSON PUBLISHING CO.,
Kansas City, Mo.




CONTENTS.


I.

INDIAN MYTHOLOGY.

     The heroes of Kansas in the early days.--The first
     inhabitants.--Pathos of Indian traditions and their tragic
     interest.--Interpretation of myths.--Tradition of the Mississippi
     Valley.--Theory of a dual soul.--Ancient religion of the North
     American Indians.--Ideas of Divinity.--Spirits.--Communication with
     the unseen world.--Description of heaven, found in the diary of
     Rev. S. M. Irvin.--Algonquin prayer to Father Allouez.--The
     _totem_.--The folk-lore of the Indian his literature.--Myth of a
     prehistoric world.--The transformation.--The burning
     earth.--Formation of the stars.--The Water-Maiden.--The
     Earth-Maiden.--Michabou.--Worship of the heavenly
     bodies.--Sacrifices.--Relation of dogs to the moon.--The Horned
     Serpent.--The Prince of Rattlesnakes.--Hiawatha, the Indian
     Messiah.--The Red Swan.--The Pipe of Peace.--Thunder and
     lightning.--The Storm Giant.--Rainmakers.--The Wild Parsnip.--The
     Spirit of Fire.--Fire legend of the Navajos.--The Shawnee and
     Delaware type of life.--The imagery of the red man.--Knowledge of
     the fundamental truths of nature.--Earliest record of the Middle
     West.--Dominant tribes.--The Paducas.--The emigrant nations. 15


II.

THE PAWNEES.

     Wanderings in Kansas and Nebraska.--Origin.--The word
     "Pani."--Imitation of wolves.--Bands.--Tuhk-pah-huks-taht.--
     Skidi-rah-ru.--Tuh-wa-hok-a-sha.--Tu-hi-'ts-pi-yet.--Hunting
     in ancient times.--Weapons.--Utensils.--Government.--Dress.--
     Lodges.--Music.--Courtship and marriage.--Religious ceremonies.--
     The Buffalo Dance.--Departure for semi-annual buffalo hunt.--The
     surround.--Ti-ra-wa, the Pawnee Deity.--The Na-hu-rac.--Sacrifices.
     --The wonderful horse.--Homes of the Nu-hu-rac.--The Nu-hu-rac
     doctors.--Medicine men and priests.--Belief in a prehistoric race.
     --Destruction of the giants.--Human sacrifices.--A Legend of
     Kansas.--Pit-a-le-shar'-u.--Hostilities against other
     nations.--Villages of the Iowas and Sacs.--War with the Iowas,
     1839.--Battle amid the sunflowers.--Sale of Pawnee lands.--Removal
     to the Indian Territory.--Success in agriculture. 34


III.

THE SIOUX.

     Early home.--Wanderings in the Mississippi Basin.--Present
     location.--Origin of name.--Meaning of word
     "Dakota."--Pantomime.--Divisions of nation.--Relation of chief to
     people.--Disposition of bodies of the dead.--Eagle Eye and Scarlet
     Dove.--Slavery of women.--Vanity of men.--Language of the
     feather.--Decoration of the person.--Plural marriage.--Story of
     Anepetusa.--Belief in four souls.--A typical
     prayer.--Omens.--Worship.--Animals in Dakota
     theology.--O-an-tay-hee.--The
     creation.--Hay-o-kah.--Taku-shkan-shkan.--Wa-keen-yan.--Unk-tay-he.
     --Chah-o-ter-dah.--Whitte-kah-gah.--Wa-hun-de-dan.--Fairies.--
     Giants.--Giant's party.--Feasts.--The Wa-keen.--Initiation of the
     medicine men.--War parties.--War Dance.--Sun Dance.--Moral code.--
     Degree of manhood.--Incidents in the Life of Ta-ton-ka-I-o-ton-ka.
     --Spotted Tail and Red Cloud.--Betrothal and death of daughter of
     Spotted Tail.--Water Carrier, the wife of Lone Elk.--Present
     condition of the Sioux. 67


IV.

THE KAWS AND OSAGES.

     Origin.--Manners and customs.--Savage proclivities.--Village of
     American Chief.--Village of Fool Chief.--Removal to Council
     Grove.--The Victory that made Wa-hon-ga-shee a famous Chief.--The
     War Dance