



Produced by Richard Tonsing, Barbara Tozier, Bill Tozier
and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net









                   VOL. XXI FEBRUARY 6, 1909 NO. 19

                              CHARITIES
                            AND THE COMMONS

                            THE PITTSBURGH
                                SURVEY

                  II. THE PLACE AND ITS SOCIAL FORCES


[Illustration]

                A JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIVE PHILANTHROPY

                             PUBLISHED BY

       THE CHARITY ORGANIZATION SOCIETY OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK

   ROBERT W. DEFOREST, President; OTTO T. BANNARD, Vice-President;
     J. P. MORGAN, Treasurer; EDWARD T. DEVINE, General Secretary

               105 EAST TWENTY-SECOND STREET, NEW YORK
                       174 ADAMS STREET, CHICAGO

            THIS ISSUE TWENTY-FIVE CENTS TWO DOLLARS A YEAR

     ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE, NEW YORK, AS SECOND CLASS MATTER

       *       *       *       *       *

                               { 1646 }
                    Telephones {      } Stuyvesant
                               { 1647 }

                           Millard & Company
                       _Stationers and Printers_

                          12 East 16th Street
                   (Bet. Fifth Ave. & Union Square)
                               New York

  ENGRAVING
  LITHOGRAPHING
  BLANK BOOK MAKING

                       CATALOG AND PAMPHLET WORK
                         AT REASONABLE PRICES

       *       *       *       *       *

The....

Sheltering Arms

       *       *       *       *       *

                  William R. Peters        President
                           92 William Street

                  Herman C. Von Post       Secretary
                          32 West 57th Street

                  Charles W. Maury         Treasurer
                         504 West 129th Street

                      OBJECTS OF THE ASSOCIATION

"THE SHELTERING ARMS" was opened October 6th, 1864, and receives
children between six and ten years of age, for whom no other
institution provides.

Children placed at "THE SHELTERING ARMS" are not surrendered to the
Institution, but are held subject to the order of parents or guardians.

The children attend the neighboring public school. The older boys and
girls are trained to household and other work.

       *       *       *       *       *

Application for admission should be addressed to MISS RICHMOND, at "THE
SHELTERING ARMS," 129th Street, corner Amsterdam Avenue.

       *       *       *       *       *

                            WM. F. FELL CO.
                               PRINTERS
                          1220 SANSOM STREET
                             PHILADELPHIA

       *       *       *       *       *

                     Book and Mercantile Printing

                   Specialists in Medical, Technical
                         and Educational Work

                    Illustrated Catalogues, Reports
                             and Booklets

                  Machine Composition, Electrotyping
                              and Binding

       *       *       *       *       *


       *       *       *       *       *

[Illustration:
                                 _The_
                               KALKHOFF
                                COMPANY

                            251 William St.
                               NEW YORK]

[Illustration]

                              TRADE MARKS

have been used from time immemorial by manufacturers, emblems by
societies, seals by kings, artists and printers.

Their works are known to be excellent or poor. Their mark impresses the
quality on the mind.

                         The Kalkhoff Company
                     251 William Street, New York
                    Printers of the Inserts Herein

       *       *       *       *       *

   Please mention CHARITIES AND THE COMMONS when writing to
                             advertisers.

[Illustration: _Drawn by Joseph Stella._

AS MEN SEE AMERICA. II.

THE SECOND OF THREE FRONTISPIECES.]

CHARITIES

_AND_ The Commons




THE COMMON WELFARE


THE BILL FOR A CHILDREN'S BUREAU

An unusually well managed and effective hearing before the House of
Representatives committee on expenditures in the Interior Department
was held in Washington on January 27, following the White House
Conference on Dependent Children. No happier practical expression of
the unanimous conclusions of the conference could have been conceived
than this gathering of nearly all the conference leaders, representing
every section of the country and all shades of opinion in dealing with
childhood's problems.

Many persons listened to the unanimous plea that the federal government
should heed the cry of the child and espouse its cause at least to
the extent of providing a children's bureau manned by experts in such
questions as the causes and treatment of orphanage, illegitimacy,
juvenile delinquency, infant mortality, child labor, physical
degeneracy, accidents, and diseases of children, to whom those engaged
in dealing with these problems could direct inquiries for information
based on adequate and authoritative research. The gathering of such
information and its dissemination in bulletins easily understood by
the common people, the making available for all parts of the country
the results of the experience and suggestions of the most favored
parts and of any foreign experience in dealing with problems similar
to our own,--in short just such service as the government now renders
so cheerfully to the farmer though the scientific work of the bureaus
of its well equipped Department of Agriculture is all that the bill
for the children's bureau asks. Upon the question of the propriety,
constitutionality and expediency of the federal government doing this
work there was not and cannot well be a single objection made. For
the first year an appropriation of $51,820 is asked. As was carefully
pointed out by several speakers, much of the work to be done is
partially undertaken and could be done more adequately by existing
governmental agencies such as the Census Bureau whose work would not
be duplicated if we make it the sole business of some one bureau to
bring together in one place and focus on the problems of childhood
the information desired by child helping agencies and to find out
what is needed to stimulate greater efficiency in work for children.
No administrative powers or duties of inspection with respect to
children's institutions or work are proposed or intended to be given to
the federal children's bureau. Therefore only those whose deeds will
not stand the light