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                          TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE:

—Obvious print and punctuation errors were corrected.

—Volumes I and II of this work have been published by Project Gutenberg:
        -Vol.  I: http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/49104
        -Vol. II: http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/49118




                                  THE

                        HISTORY OF THE CRUSADES

                                  BY

                       JOSEPH FRANCOIS MICHAUD.

                      _TRANSLATED BY W. ROBSON._

                            A New Edition,

               WITH PREFACE AND SUPPLEMENTARY CHAPTER BY
                          HAMILTON W. MABIE.

                          _IN THREE VOLUMES._

                               VOL. III.

                               NEW YORK:

                        A. C. ARMSTRONG & SON,
                             714 BROADWAY.




CONTENTS TO VOL. III.


 BOOK XV.—A.D. 1255-1270.

 EIGHTH CRUSADE.

  Christian cities of Palestine fortified by Louis
  IX.—Quarrels among the Crusaders—Divisions
  among the Saracens—Aibek, sultan of Egypt,
  assassinated—Chegger-Adour, the sultana,
  assassinated—The Moguls, or Tartars, capture
  Bagdad—Koutouz elected sultan of Egypt—The
  Moguls capture the principal cities of Syria—The
  general terror inspired among the Mussulmans and
  Christians—Apprehensions of Bela IV., king of
  Hungary—Assassination of Koutouz—The Mamelukes of
  Egypt—Bibars proclaimed sultan of Egypt—Declares
  war against the Christians of Palestine—The
  Mamelukes defeat and expel the Tartars from
  Palestine—Constantinople recaptured by the Greeks,
  and the Latins expelled—The Christians defeated by
  the Mamelukes, and Palestine laid waste—Cæsarea,
  Arsouf, and Sefed besieged and captured—Slaughter
  of the Christians—Mohammedanism not a religion of
  the sword—Charlemagne’s career—Capture of Jaffa by
  the sultan of Egypt—Bohemond forms a treaty with
  Bibars—Antioch captured and destroyed, and the
  inhabitants slaughtered—Quarrels of the popes with the
  sovereigns of Europe—Royal family of Swabia—Charles,
  count of Anjou, crowned by the pope as king of
  Sicily—Mainfroy—Conraddin disputes the crown of
  Sicily—Louis IX. determines upon a fresh crusade to
  the Holy Land—The illustrious personages who take the
  cross in his support—Joinville declines to accompany
  him—Abaga, khan of the Tartars, sends ambassadors to
  Rome—Pope Clement IV. supports the new crusade—The
  clergy oppose the levying of contributions—A council
  held at Northampton for aiding the crusade—James king
  of Arragon, and Edward prince of England, engage in the
  crusade—Death of Clement IV.—The Crusaders arrive
  at Tunis—Historical notice of Tunis—The Mohammedans
  resist the Crusaders—Sickness and mortality among
  the Crusaders—Death of the duke de Nevers—Illness
  and fervent devotion of Louis—His death—Charles
  of Anjou lands at Tunis, and takes the command of
  the Crusaders—Returns to France with the bodies of
  his father, wife, and brother—The virtue? and piety
  of Louis IX.—Prince Edward of England arrives in
  Palestine—Nazareth captured by the Crusaders—Prince
  Edward returns to England—Thibault elected pope,
  under the title of Gregory X.—He convokes the council
  of Lyons for reviving a new crusade—Curious document
  issued by Humbert de Romanis—Three pretenders to
  the throne of Jerusalem—The continued victories of
  Bibars—His death and character—Death of Gregory
  X.—Revolt in Sicily—The Sicilian vespers—Kealaoun,
  the sultan of Egypt, concludes a treaty with the
  Christians of Ptolemaïs, and enters into treaties
  with European princes—Fort of Margat captured
  by the Mussulmans—Sieur Barthélemi becomes a
  Mohammedan renegade—Tripoli captured and destroyed,
  and the Christians slaughtered—Description of
  Ptolemaïs—Chalil elected sultan of Egypt