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Transcriber's Note:

  Inconsistent hyphenation and spelling in the original document have
  been preserved. Obvious typographical errors have been corrected.

  Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal
  signs=.  Superscripts are prefixed with a ^caret.  In Table D on
  page 283, a symbol for "per" has been replaced with the word per.

  Footnote numbering, which in the original restarted at "1" with every
  chapter, has been prepended with OP (Original Preface), NP
  (New Preface), M (Memoir), or the Roman chapter number (e.g. VI-7 for
  the 7th note of chapter 6).

  The table on pages 346 and 347 has been split to reduce the line
  lengths.

  In Footnote M-6, 1892 should probably be 1792.

  On page 216, the barometer reading for August 25th seems to be missing
  a digit.

  This book is the first of three volumes.  Volume 2 is available at
  http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/43775.  Volume 3 is available at
  http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/43776. It contains an Index and Maps.




  Pike's Expeditions.
  VOLUME I.




  EDITION LIMITED TO ELEVEN HUNDRED AND FIFTY COPIES.


       Nos. 1 to 150 on Handmade Paper.
       Nos. 151 to 1150 on Fine Book Paper.

       No. ____




  [Illustration: Z. M. Pike]




     THE EXPEDITIONS
     OF
     ZEBULON MONTGOMERY PIKE,

     To Headwaters of the Mississippi River,
     Through Louisiana Territory, and in New Spain,
     During the Years 1805-6-7.

     A NEW EDITION,
     NOW FIRST REPRINTED IN FULL FROM THE ORIGINAL OF 1810,
     WITH COPIOUS CRITICAL COMMENTARY,
     MEMOIR OF PIKE, NEW MAP AND OTHER ILLUSTRATIONS,
     AND COMPLETE INDEX,

     BY
     ELLIOTT COUES,
     Late Captain and Assistant Surgeon, United States Army,
     Late Secretary and Naturalist, United States Geological Survey,
     Member of the National Academy of Sciences,
     Editor of Lewis and Clark,
     etc., etc., etc.

     IN THREE VOLUMES.
     VOL. I.
     Memoir of the Author--Mississippi Voyage.

     NEW YORK:
     FRANCIS P. HARPER.
     1895.




     COPYRIGHT, 1895,
     BY
     FRANCIS P. HARPER,
     New York.

     All rights reserved.




Dedication.

TO THE PRESIDENT AND MEMBERS OF THE U. S. M. P. S.


Fellow Soldiers and Citizens:

In presuming to claim your protection and patronage for the following
production, I feel less diffidence, knowing that the very institution
of the society will plead in my favor, it being avowedly formed for
the promotion of military knowledge.

The work is merely a volume of details, and if it should be found
that in the relation I have delivered myself with perspicuity and
exactitude, it is the highest meed of praise that I claim. When I
touched on abstract subjects, or presumed to hypothesize, I have
merely suggested doubts without conclusions, which, if deemed worthy,
may hereafter be analyzed by men of genius and science. It being a
work which has arisen from the events of youthful military exertions,
the author, perhaps, has the most just and well-founded ground for a
hope that it may receive the solicited approbation of your honorable
institution.

I am, gentlemen, with the greatest respect and high consideration,

     Your obedient servant,

     Z. M. PIKE,

     Major 6th Regt. Infantry,
     M. U. S. M. P. Society.




CONTENTS OF VOL I.


                                                                 PAGES

     ORIGINAL PREFACE,                                            i-iv

     NEW PREFACE,                                             v-xviii*

     MEMOIR OF ZEBULON MONTGOMERY PIKE,                       xix-cxiv

     PART I.

     THE MISSISSIPPI VOYAGE.

     CHAPTER I.

     ITINERARY: ST. LOUIS TO ST. PAUL, AUGUST 9TH-SEPTEMBER
