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Transcriber's Note:

  Inconsistent hyphenation and spelling in the original document have
  been preserved. Obvious typographical errors have been corrected.

  Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.

  The book uses both Phillippi and Phillipi.

  An upside-down T symbol is represented as [Symbol: upside-down T].




  [Illustration: Harris Newmark]




     SIXTY YEARS
     IN
     SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

     1853-1913

     CONTAINING THE REMINISCENCES OF
     HARRIS NEWMARK

     EDITED BY
     MAURICE H. NEWMARK
     MARCO R. NEWMARK

     Every generation enjoys the use of a vast hoard bequeathed
     to it by antiquity, and transmits that hoard, augmented by
     fresh acquisitions, to future ages. In these pursuits, therefore,
     the first speculators lie under great disadvantages, and, even
     when they fail, are entitled to praise.--MACAULAY.

     _WITH 150 ILLUSTRATIONS_


     NEW YORK
     The Knickerbocker Press
     1916




     COPYRIGHT, 1916
     BY
     M. H. AND M. R. NEWMARK




     To
     THE MEMORY OF
     MY WIFE




In Memoriam


At the hour of high twelve on April the fourth, 1916, the sun shone
into a room where lay the temporal abode, for eighty-one years and
more, of the spirit of Harris Newmark. On his face still lingered that
look of peace which betokens a life worthily used and gently
relinquished.

Many were the duties allotted him in his pilgrimage; splendidly did he
accomplish them! Providence permitted him the completion of his final
task--a labor of love--but denied him the privilege of seeing it given
to the community of his adoption.

To him and to her, by whose side he sleeps, may it be both monument
and epitaph.

_Thy will be done!_

     M. H. N.
     M. R. N.




INTRODUCTION


Several times during his latter years my friend, Charles Dwight
Willard, urged me to write out my recollections of the five or six
decades I had already passed in Los Angeles, expressing his regret
that many pioneers had carried from this world so much that might have
been of interest to both the Angeleno of the present and the future
historian of Southern California; but as I had always led an active
life of business or travel, and had neither fitted myself for any sort
of literary undertaking nor attempted one, I gave scant attention to
the proposal. Mr. Willard's persistency, however, together with the
prospect of cooperation offered me by my sons, finally overcame my
reluctance and I determined to commence the work.

Accordingly in June, 1913, at my Santa Monica home, I began to devote
a few hours each day to a more or less fragmentary enumeration of the
incidents of my boyhood; of my voyage over the great wastes of sea and
land between my ancestral and adopted homes; of the pueblo and its
surroundings that I found on this Western shore; of its people and
their customs; and, finally, of the men and women who, from then until
now, have contributed to the greatness of the Southland, and of the
things they have done or said to entitle their names to be recorded.
This task I finished in the early fall. During its progress I entered
more and more into the distant Past, until Memory conjured before me
many long-forgotten faces and happenings. In the end, I found that I
had jotted down a mass of notes much greater than I had expected.

Thereupon the Editors began their duties, which were to arrange the
materials at hand, to supply names and dates that had escaped me, and
to interview many who had been principals in events and, accordingly,
were presumed to know the details; and much progress was made, to the
enlarging and enrichment of the book. But it was not long before they
found that the work involved an amount of investigation which their
limited time would not permit; and that if carried out on even the
modest plan originally contemplated, some additional assistance would
be required.

Fortunately, just then they met Perry Worden, a post-graduate of
Columbia and a Doctor of Philosophy of the University of Halle,
Germany; a scholar and an author of attainments. His aid, as
investigator and adviser, has been indispensable to the completion of
the work in its present form. Dr. Worden spent many