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A HISTORY OF THE INQUISITION

VOL III.




A HISTORY OF

THE INQUISITION

OF

THE MIDDLE AGES.

BY

HENRY CHARLES LEA,

AUTHOR OF

"AN HISTORICAL SKETCH OF SACERDOTAL CELIBACY," "SUPERSTITION AND FORCE,"

"STUDIES IN CHURCH HISTORY."

_IN THREE VOLUMES_.

VOL. III.

NEW YORK:

HARPER & BROTHERS, FRANKLIN SQUARE

1901

Copyright, 1887, by HARPER & BROTHERS

_All rights reserved_




CONTENTS.


BOOK III.--SPECIAL FIELDS OF INQUISITORIAL ACTIVITY.

CHAPTER I.--THE SPIRITUAL FRANCISCANS.

                                                                    Page

Dissensions in the Franciscan Order from Elias to John of Parma        1

Joachim of Flora.--His Reputation as a Prophet                        10

His Apocalyptic Speculations as to the Third Era                      14

Adopted by the Spiritual Franciscans                                  18

The Everlasting Gospel.--Its Condemnation                             20

The Spirituals Compromised.--John of Parma Removed                    23

Persistence of the Joachites                                          25

Increasing Strife over Poverty                                        27

Bull _Exiit qui seminat_                                              30

Persecution of Italian Spirituals                                     32

The French Spirituals.--Jean Pierre Olivi                             42

Arnaldo de Vilanova                                                   52

Disputation before Clement V.--Decision of Council of Vienne          57

Renewed Persecution of the Spirituals                                 61

Commencement of Rebellion.--Dissensions among Them                    62

Election of John XXII.--His Character                                 66

He Enforces Obedience and Creates a Heresy                            69

Bloody Persecution of the Olivists                                    73

They Form a New Church                                                79

Their Fanaticism.--Naprous Boneta                                     81

Suppression of the Sect.--Its Career in Aragon                        84

Jean de la Rochetaillade.--Remains of Joachitism                      86


CHAPTER II.--GUGLIELMA AND DOLCINO.

Incarnation of Holy Ghost in Guglielma                                90

The Guglielmites Form a New Church                                    94

Prosecuted by the Inquisition                                         98

Fate of the Sectaries                                                100

The Order of Apostles.--Spiritual Tendencies                         103

Gherardo Segarelli.--Burned in 1300                                  104

Dolcino Assumes the Leadership                                       109

His Open Revolt.--Suppressed after Four Crusades                     113

Continuance and Character of the Heresy                              120


CHAPTER III.--THE FRATICELLI.

Question Raised as to the Poverty of Christ                          129

Reaction against the Holiness of Poverty                             130

Doctrine of the Poverty of Christ Declared a Heresy                  134

It Complicates the Quarrel with Louis of Bavaria                     135

Marsiglio of Padua and William of Ockham                             139

Gradual Estrangement of the Franciscans                              142

Louis Deposes John XXII. as a Heretic                                145

Michele da Cesena Revolts                                            147

Utility of the Inquisition.--Submission of the Antipope              149

Struggle in Germany.--The Franciscans Support Louis                  153

Louis gradually Gains Strength.--His Death                           156

Dissident Franciscans Known as Fraticelli                            158

Sympathy for them under Persecution                                  160

Their Tenets                                                         162

Fraticelli in France and Spain                                       167

Orthodox Ascetism.--Jesuats.--Observantines                          171

The Observantines Replace and Suppress the Fraticelli                174


CHAPTER IV.--POLITICAL HERESY UTILIZED BY THE CHURCH.

Denial of Papal Claims Pronounced Heresy                             181

The Stedingers.--Tithes Enforced by Crusades                         182

Crusades to Support Italian Interests of Papacy                      189

Importance of Inquisition as a Political Agency                      190

Advantage of the Charge of Heresy                                    191

Manfred of Naples.--The Colonnas.--Ferrara                           193

John XXII. and the Visconti                                          196

Cola di Rienzo.--The Maffredi                                        203

Use of Inquisition in the Great Schism                               204

Case of Thomas Connecte                                              208

Girolamo Savonarola                                                  209

CHAPTER V.--POLITICAL HERESY UTILIZED BY THE STATE.

Use of Inquisition by Secular Potentates                             238

The Templars.--Growth and Relations of the Order                     238

  Causes of its Downfall.--Facilities Furnished by the Inquisition   249

  Papal Complicity Sought.--Use made of Inquisition                  257

  Errors Charged against the Templars                                263

  The Question of their Guilt                                        264

  Vacillation of Clement.--The Assembly of