



Produced by Chuck Greif and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images available at The Internet Archive)







_ILLUSTRATED BIOGRAPHIES OF
THE GREAT ARTISTS._

[Illustration: decoration]

JOSEPH MALLORD WILLIAM TURNER

ROYAL ACADEMICIAN.

[Illustration: decoration]


ILLUSTRATED BIOGRAPHIES
OF
THE GREAT ARTISTS.

TITIAN              From the most recent authorities.
      _By Richard Ford Heath, M.A., Hertford Coll. Oxford._

REMBRANDT           From the Text of C. VOSMAER.
      _By J. W. Mollett, B.A., Brasenose Coll. Oxford._

RAPHAEL             From the Text of J. D. PASSAVANT.
      _By N. D'Anvers, Author of "Elementary History of Art."_

VAN DYCK & HALS     From the most recent authorities.
      _By Percy R. Head, Lincoln Coll. Oxford._

HOLBEIN             From the Text of Dr. WOLTMANN.
      _By the Editor, Author of "Life and Genius of Rembrandt"_

TINTORETTO          From recent investigations.
      _By W. Roscoe Osler, Author of occasional Essays on Art._

TURNER              From the most recent authorities.
      _By Cosmo Monkhouse, Author of "Studies of Sir E. Landseer."_

THE LITTLE MASTERS  From the most recent authorities.
      _By W. B. Scott, Author of "Lectures on the Fine Arts."_

HOGARTH             From recent investigations.
      _By Austin Dobson, Author of "Vignettes in Rhyme," &c._

RUBENS              From recent investigations.
      _By C. W. Kett, M.A., Hertford Coll. Oxford._

MICHELANGELO        From the most recent authorities.
      _By Charles Clement, Author of "Michel-Ange, Leonard, et Raphael."_

LIONARDO            From recent researches.
      _By Dr. J. Paul Richter, Author of "Die Mosaiken von Ravenna."_

GIOTTO              From recent investigations.
      _By Harry Quilter, M.A., Trinity College, Cambridge._

THE FIGURE PAINTERS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
      _By Lord Ronald Gower, Author of "Guide to the Galleries of Holland."_

VELAZQUEZ           From the most recent authorities.
      _By Edwin Stowe, B.A., Brasenose Coll. Oxford._

GAINSBOROUGH        From the most recent authorities.
      _By George M. Brock-Arnold, M.A., Hertford Coll. Oxford._

PEUGINO             From recent investigations.
      _By T. Adolphus Trollope, Author of many Essays on Art._

DELAROCHE & VERNET  From the works of CHARLES BLANC.
      _By Mrs. Ruutz Rees, Author of various Essays on Art._

[Illustration: JOSEPH MALLORD WILLIAM TURNER.

_From a sketch by John Gilbert._]

"_The whole world without Art would be one great wilderness._"

[Illustration: decoration]




TURNER

BY W. COSMO MONKHOUSE

_Author of_ "_Studies of Sir E. Landseer._"

[Illustration]

NEW YORK:
SCRIBNER AND WELFORD.

LONDON:
SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON, SEARLE, & RIVINGTON,
1879.

(_All rights reserved._)

CHISWICK PRESS:--C. WHITTINGHAM, TOOKS COURT,
CHANCERY LANE.

[Illustration: decorative bar]




PREFACE.


The late Mr. Thornbury lost such an opportunity of writing a worthy
biography of Turner as will never occur again. How he dealt with the
valuable materials which he collected is well known to all who have had
to test the accuracy of his statements; and unfortunately many of the
channels from which he derived information have since been closed by
death. Mr. Ruskin, who might have helped so much, has contributed little
to the life of the artist but some brilliant passages of pathetic
rhetoric. Overgrown by his luxuriant eloquence, and buried beneath the
_debris_ of Thornbury, the ruins of Turner's Life lay hidden till last
year.

Mr. Hamerton's "Life of Turner" has done much to remove a very serious
blot from English literature. Very careful, but very frank, it presents
a clear and consistent view of the great painter and his art, and is,
moreover, penetrated with that intellectual insight and refined thought
which illuminate all its author's work.

He has, however, left much to be done, and this book will, I hope, help
a little in clearing away long-standing errors, and reducing the known
facts about Turner to something like order. To these facts I have been