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MEDIAEVAL LONDON




[Illustration: _London Bridge and the Tower._

_from a MS. of the Poems of Charles, Duke of Orleans. British Museum._]




  MEDIAEVAL LONDON


  _By_ WILLIAM BENHAM, D.D., F.S.A.
  _Rector of St. Edmund the King, Lombard Street,
  and Honorary Canon of Canterbury_,

  AND

  CHARLES WELCH, F.S.A.
  _Librarian to the Corporation of London_.


  LONDON
  SEELEY AND CO. LIMITED, GREAT RUSSELL STREET
  NEW YORK: THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
  1901





LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS



  LONDON BRIDGE AND THE TOWER. From a Manuscript of the
    Poems of Charles, duke of Orleans. British Museum,
    16 F. ii.                                               _Frontispiece_

  A TOURNAMENT. From a Manuscript of the Romance of the
    Sire Jehan de Saintre. British Museum, Nero D. ix.             _P._ 10

  RICHARD II. RIDING OUT OF LONDON TO THE WAR IN IRELAND.
    From a Manuscript of Froissart's Chronicles. British
    Museum, Harl. 4380.                                            _P._ 18

  RICHARD II. DELIVERED BY BOLINBROKE TO THE CITIZENS OF
    LONDON. From a Manuscript of the Metrical History of
    Richard II. British Museum, Harl. 1319.                        _P._ 34

  THE FUNERAL OF RICHARD II. From a Manuscript of
    Froissart's Chronicles. British Museum, Harl. 4380.            _P._ 74

  THE PRINCIPAL PARTS OF A PEN DRAWING OF LONDON FROM
    WESTMINSTER TO GREENWICH, BY ANTONIE VAN DEN WYNGAERDE.
    Bodleian Library, Oxford.

    Of this Flemish artist very little is known. There exists a
    rescript of Philip II. addressed to Margaret of Parma, regent of
    the Low Countries, giving him permission to remove with his
    goods and to settle in Spain, from which it is supposed that he
    was in the King's service. The drawing was made, probably for
    Philip, before the fall of the spire of St. Paul's in 1561. It
    is unfinished, blank spaces being left for Whitehall, Bridewell,
    and some other buildings. There are also memoranda on the
    drawing which show that the artist intended to colour it, leaden
    roofs, for instance, being marked "blau." The Bodleian Library
    possesses forty-seven other drawings of his, two of which are
    here reproduced: one of Whitehall, intended no doubt to fill the
    blank space in the large view, and one of Greenwich Palace from
    the Observatory Hill, which is  in a simple manner. It
    is not improbable that Wyngaerde left England on the death of
    Queen Mary. A copy of the drawing of London, much altered and
    embellished, was made and engraved by N. Whittock in 1849.

        WESTMINSTER TO CHARING CROSS.

        THE STRAND.

        ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL.

        LONDON BRIDGE.

        BILLINGSGATE AND ST. MARY SPITAL.

        THE TOWER.

        GREENWICH PALACE, FROM THE THAMES.

        GREENWICH PALACE, FROM THE OBSERVATORY HILL.

        THE PALACE OF WHITEHALL.

  DRAWINGS BY JOHN WYKEHAM ARCHER. British Museum.

    John Wykeham Archer (_b._ 1808, _d._ 1864), a water-colour
    painter, engraver, and antiquary, was employed by another
    antiquary, Mr. W. Twopeny, more than half a century ago, to make
    twenty drawings yearly of London antiquities, a work which he
    carried on until his death. Many of the buildings which he drew
    have since been destroyed, or have undergone restoration. The
    whole collection was acquired for the British Museum, and fills
    seventeen portfolios. A very few of the drawings were etched by
    Archer for his book entitled _Vestiges of Old London_.

        ROMAN BATH IN THE STRAND. 1841.

        BASTION OF THE CITY WALL IN THE CHURCHYARD OF ST. GILES'S,
        CRIPPLEGATE. 1841.

        THE CRYPT OF GUILDHALL. 1842