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Transcriber’s notes:

Except for the spelling corrections listed below, the text of this
book has been preserved as in the original, including inconsistent
punctuation, hyphenation and accents.

  Lepidotera → Lepidoptera
  coccoon → cocoon
  subtances → substances
  Bütchsli → Bütschli

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                             THE COCKROACH

                An Introduction to the Study of Insects




                  STUDIES IN COMPARATIVE ANATOMY--III


                    THE STRUCTURE AND LIFE-HISTORY

                                  OF

                             THE COCKROACH

                      (_PERIPLANETA ORIENTALIS_)

                An Introduction to the Study of Insects


                                  BY

                              L. C. MIALL

         PROFESSOR OF BIOLOGY IN THE YORKSHIRE COLLEGE, LEEDS

                                  AND

                             ALFRED DENNY

          LECTURER ON BIOLOGY IN THE FIRTH COLLEGE, SHEFFIELD


                      LONDON: LOVELL REEVE & CO.
                        LEEDS: RICHARD JACKSON

                                 1886




STUDIES IN COMPARATIVE ANATOMY.


    I.--THE SKULL OF THE CROCODILE. A Manual for Students. By Professor
        L. C. MIALL. 8vo, 2_s._ 6_d._

    II.--THE ANATOMY OF THE INDIAN ELEPHANT. By Professor L. C. MIALL
        and F. GREENWOOD. 8vo, 5_s._

    III.--THE COCKROACH: An Introduction to the Study of Insects. By
        Professor L. C. MIALL and A. DENNY. 8vo, 7_s._ 6_d._

    IV.--MEGALICHTHYS; A Ganoid Fish of the Coal Measures. By Professor
        L. C. MIALL (_In preparation_).


                             MAY BE HAD OF
                      LOVELL REEVE & CO., LONDON;
                        RICHARD JACKSON, LEEDS.




PREFACE.


That the thorough study of concrete animal types is a necessary
preliminary to good work in Zoology or Comparative Anatomy will now
be granted by all competent judges. At a time when these subjects,
though much lectured upon, were rarely taught, Döllinger, of Würzburg,
found out the right way. He took young students, often singly, and
made them master such animal types as came to hand, thereby teaching
them how to work for themselves, and fixing in their minds a nucleus
of real knowledge, around which more might crystallise. “What do you
want lectures for? Bring any animal and dissect it here,” said he to
Baer, then a young doctor longing to work at Comparative Anatomy.[1]
It was Döllinger who trained Purkinje, Pander, Baer, and Agassiz,
and such fame cannot be heightened by words of praise. In our own
time and country Döllinger’s methods have been practised by Professor
Huxley, whose descriptive guides, such as the Elementary Biology and
the delightful little book on the Crayfish, now make it easy for
every teacher to work on the same lines. From the description of the
Cockroach in Huxley’s Anatomy of Invertebrated Animals came the impulse
which has encouraged us to treat that type at length. It may easily
turn out that in adding some facts and a great many words to his
account, we have diluted what was valuable for its concentration. But
there are students--those, namely, who intend to give serious attention
to Entomology--who will find our explanations deficient rather than
excessive in detail. It is our belief and hope that naturalists will
some day recoil from their extravagant love of words and names, and
turn to structure, development, life-history, and other aspects of the
animal world which have points of contact with the life of man. We have
written for such as desire to