



Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Martin Mayer and the Online
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[Transcriber's Note: Bolded sections are rendered with equal signs
e.g. =bold=.

The oe ligature is rendered as[oe] e.g. Ph[oe]nixville.

The following table is a cross index relating ASCE
papers to Project Gutenberg(TM) file directories e.g.
http://www.gutenberg.org/files/18229/ for paper 1150.

 +-----+------------------------------------------------------+------+
 |Paper|PAPER NAME & Author                                   |  PG  |
 | No  |                                                      | file |
 |     |                                                      |  No  |
 |-----+------------------------------------------------------+------|
 |1150 |THE NEW YORK TUNNEL EXTENSION OF THE PENNSYLVANIA     |18229 |
 |     |RAILROAD. By Charles W. Raymond                       |      |
 |1151 |THE NORTH RIVER DIVISION. By Charles M. Jacobs        |18548 |
 |1152 |THE EAST RIVER DIVISION. By Alfred Noble              |18065 |
 |1153 |MEADOWS DIVISION AND HARRISON TRANSFER YARD. By E. B. |18012 |
 |     |Temple                                                |      |
 |1154 |THE BERGEN HILL TUNNELS. By F. Lavis                  |21083 |
 |1155 |THE NORTH RIVER TUNNELS. By B. H. M. Hewett and W. L. |42149 |
 |     |Brown                                                 |      |
 |1156 |THE TERMINAL STATION WEST. By B. F. Cresson, Jr.      |17302 |
 |1157 |THE SITE OF THE TERMINAL STATION. By George C. Clarke |18408 |
 |1158 |THE CROSS TOWN TUNNELS. By James H. Brace and Francis |19037 |
 |     |Mason                                                 |      |
 |1159 |THE EAST RIVER TUNNELS. By James H. Brace, Francis    |18722 |
 |     |Mason, and S. H. Woodard                              |      |
 +-----+------------------------------------------------------+------+

]




TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

AMERICAN SOCIETY

OF

CIVIL ENGINEERS

(INSTITUTED 1852)

VOL. LXVIII

SEPTEMBER, 1910

Edited by the Secretary, under the direction of the Committee on
Publications. Reprints from this publication, which is copyrighted, may
be made on condition that the full title of Paper, name of Author, and
page reference are given.

NEW YORK

PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY

1910

       *       *       *       *       *

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1910, by the AMERICAN
SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress,
at Washington.

       *       *       *       *       *

NOTE.--This Society is not responsible, as a body, for the facts and
opinions advanced in any of its publications.




CONTENTS


 THE NEW YORK TUNNEL EXTENSION OF THE
 PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD

 NO.                                                             PAGE

 1150 THE NEW YORK TUNNEL EXTENSION OF THE PENNSYLVANIA             1
      RAILROAD. By Charles W. Raymond

 1151 THE NORTH RIVER DIVISION. By Charles M. Jacobs               32

 1152 THE EAST RIVER DIVISION. By Alfred Noble                     62

 1153 MEADOWS DIVISION AND HARRISON TRANSFER YARD. By E. B.        75
      Temple

 1154 THE BERGEN HILL TUNNELS. By F. Lavis                         84

 1155 THE NORTH RIVER TUNNELS. By B. H. M. Hewett and W. L.       152
      Brown

 1156 THE TERMINAL STATION-WEST. By B. F. Cresson, Jr.            303

 1157 THE SITE OF THE TERMINAL STATION. By George C. Clarke       340

 1158 THE CROSS-TOWN TUNNELS. By James H. Brace and Francis       391
      Mason

 1159 THE EAST RIVER TUNNELS. By James H. Brace, Francis Mason,   419
      and S. H. Woodard


 MEMOIRS OF DECEASED MEMBERS
                                                  PAGE

  JOHN FISKE BARNARD, M. AM. SOC. C. E.            479

  ROBERT L. ENGLE, M. AM. SOC. C. E.               480

  CHARLES HERBERT DEANS, ASSOC. M. AM. SOC. C. E.  482

  WILLIAM MEIER, ASSOC. M. AM. SOC. C. E.          485


=This Volume and the succeeding Volume of Transactions (Vol. LXIX) will
contain all the Papers descriptive of the New York Extension of the
Pennsylvania Railroad. A general index covering both Volumes will be
issued in Vol. LXIX.=

  PLATES

  PLATE                                                   PAPER PAGE

  I.       Map and Profile, Pennsylvania Tunnel &          1150   19
           Terminal R. R., North Bergen Tunnel to Long
           Island City

  II.      Map and Profile, Harrison Yard to Bergen Hill   1150   21
           Tunnel

  III.     Plan of Sunnyside Yard                          1150   23

  IV.      View of Tunnel Under Part of Atlantic Avenue,   1151   37
           Brooklyn, N.Y.

  V.       New York Underground Railway Company: Section   1151   39
           Through Surface and Underground Stations

  VI.      Pennsylvania Railroad Extension: Map Showing    1151   45
           Proposed Lines Leading to Those Finally
           Adopted

  VII.     Plan, Profile, and Triangulation, North River   1151   47
           Tunnels

  VIII.    Typical Sections Between Manholes, Bergen       1151   51
           Hill Tunnels

  IX.      Map of Manhattan Island from Twenty-third to    1152   63
           Fortieth Streets

  X.       Manhattan Shaft, Lines A and B                  1152   65

  XI.      Long Island Shaft, Lines A and B                1152   67

  XII.     Typical Tunnel Sections                         1152   69

  XIII.    Plan and Profile, East River Tunnels            1152   71

  XIV.     Map and Profile, Cross-Town Tunnels             1152   73

  XV.      Plan and Profile of Lines A and B, and          1152   75
           Sunnyside Yard

  XVI.     Plan and Profile of the Pennsylvania Tunnel &   1153   77
           Terminal R. R., from Harrison, N. J., to the
           Hudson River

  XVII.    Plan of Harrison Yard                           1153   79

  XVIII.   Details of Shelters and Platforms, Harrison     1153   81
           Transfer Station

  XIX.     Details of Shelters and Platforms, Harrison     1153   81
           Transfer Station

  XX.      Lift Rail and Locking Device for Hackensack     1153   83
           River Draw-Bridge

  XXI.     Hackensack Portal, Bergen Hill Tunnels;         1154   85
           Method of Using Cross-Section Rod; and Belt
           Conveyor for Handling and Placing Concrete

  XXII.    Scaffold Car; Headhouse; and Round Holes in     1154   87
           Concrete Forms

  XXIII.   Record of Drilling, Air Pressure, Mucking,      1154   95
           etc., in Bergen Hill Tunnels

  XXIV.    Belt Conveyor for Handling and Placing          1154  119
           Concrete; Water-Proofing, Portion of
           Completed Sand-Wall, etc.; and Methods of
           Placing Concrete in Forms and Bench-Walls

  XXV.     Telephone and Telegraph Ducts and Mandrels;     1154  129
           Tunnel Lining Forms; Placing Water-Proofing;
           and Section of Completed Lining

  XXVI.    Form of Circuit-Breaker Chamber and Traveling   1154  137
           Gantry; Forms for Storage Chamber; Rock
           Packing Over Arches; Method of Water-Proofing
           in Timbered Tunnels, etc.

  XXVII.   Method of Placing Water-Proofing and Keying     1154  145
           Arch; View of Completed Tunnel; General View
           of Completed Hackensack Tunnel and Arches
           Through Cut-and-Cover Section; and View of
           Hackensack Approach

  XXVIII.  Plan and Profile of Parts of North River        1155  153
           Tunnels

  XXIX.    Weehawken Shaft; and Tunnel Shield Showing      1155  159
           Hood

  XXX.     Yard and Offices at Manhattan and Weehawken     1155  161
           Shafts

  XXXI.    Tunneling Shield                                1155  167

  XXXII.   Thirty-Second Street Tunnels and Shield         1155  175
           Chambers

  XXXIII.  General Methods of Excavation Adopted for       1155  177
           Land Tunnels

  XXXIV.   Plan and Longitudinal Section of Weehawken      1155  193
           Tunnels

  XXXV.    Apparatus for Cleaning and Rodding Electric     1155  205
           Cable Ducts

  XXXVI.   Diagram Showing Lines and Grades in River       1155  229
           Tunnel North

  XXXVII.  Cross-Section of Subaqueous Tunnels Showing     1155  231
           Reinforcement

  XXXVIII. Back of Shield in South Tunnel; and Rear View   1155  237
           of Shield During Erection of First Ring of
           Iron Lining

  PLATE                                                   PAPER PAGE

  XXXIX.   View of Meeting of Shields; and Lowering        1155  253
           Segment into Tunnel Invert

  XL.      Sections of Tunnel During Construction,         1155  255
           Showing Shield, Air Locks, Platforms, Etc.

  XLI.     Placing Key Segment; and Method of Grouting     1155  257
           Outside Iron

  XLII.    Duct Bench Concrete Form in River Tunnels       1155  283

  XLIII.   End of Portable and Adjustable Forms            1155  285
           for Building Side Bench; and Steel Rod
           Reinforcement in River Tunnels

  XLIV.    Details of 20-Ft. Movable Form and Traveler     1155  287
           for Concrete Arches

  XLV.     Traveling Concrete Form for Face of Bench       1155  291
           Walls

  XLVI.    Mechanical Analysis of Sand Used in Mortar      1155  297
           and Concrete

  XLVII.   Views Showing Condition of Work at Site of      1156  307
           Terminal Station

  XLVIII.  Views Showing Excavation and Supports for       1156  317
           Ninth Avenue Structures

  XLIX.    Views Showing Underpinning for Ninth Avenue     1156  321
           Elevated Railway

  L.       Views Showing Condition of Work Between Ninth   1156  325
           and Tenth Avenues, and Progress on Concrete
           Walls

  LI.      Views Showing Box Drains and Tie-Rods in        1156  333
           Walls; the Completed Tenth Avenue Portal; and
           the Disposal Trestle

  LII.     Girders Under the Ninth Avenue Elevated         1156  335
           Railroad; Method of Supporting Elevated
           Railway Columns; and View of Inside of Form
           for Walls, Showing Drains, Tie-Rods, Etc.

  LIII.    Pennsylvania Station, New York City; Plan       1157  341
           Showing Area at Track Level

  LIV.     Diagram Showing Widths of Base of Retaining     1157  349
           Wall Required for Different Batters and
           Pressures, Pennsylvania Station

  LV.      Material Trestle Over N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R.    1157  361
           Co.'s Tracks; and Construction of Pier No.
           72, North River

  LVI.     Material Trestle Showing First Chutes in        1157  363
           Operation; and Views of East and West Pits at
           Terminal Site

  LVII.    Methods of Excavation, Cross-Town Tunnels,      1158  393
           Manhattan

  LVIII.   Views of Parts of First Avenue Plant,           1158  395
           Cross-Town Tunnels

  LIX.     Methods of Tunneling, Timbering, and Lining,    1158  399
           Cross-Town Tunnels

  LX.      Methods of Timbering and Underpinning,          1158  407
           Cross-Town Tunnels

  LXI.     Sections Showing Method of Excavating and       1158  413
           Timbering in Heavy Ground, Three-Track
           Tunnel; and Carriage Form for Side Walls,
           Cross-Town Twin Tunnels

  LXII.    Methods of Water-Proofing and Concreting,       1158  417
           Cross-Town Tunnels

  LXIII.   Methods of Excavation in All Rock, East River   1159  423
           Tunnels

  LXIV.    Tunneling in Compressed Air, Air-Lock,          1159  425
           Caisson, etc., East River Tunnels

  LXV.     Shields Fitted with Sectional Sliding Hoods     1159  433
           and Sliding Extensions and with Fixed Hoods
           and Fixed Extensions to Floors, East River
           Tunnels

  LXVI.    Rear of Shield Showing Complete Fittings,       1159  435
           and Shield with Lower Portion of Bulkhead
           Removed, East River Tunnels

  LXVII.   Methods of Tunneling in Rock, East River        1159  437
           Tunnels

  LXVIII.  Operation of Shields, East River Tunnels        1159  439

  LXIX.    Operations in Shoving the Shield Forward in     1159  441
           Rock and Sand, East River Tunnels

  LXX.     Small Shaft, Breasting and Poling, Shutters     1159  443
           on Front of Shield, and Hydraulic Erector,
           East River Tunnels

  LXXI.    Operations in Shoving the Shield Forward in     1159  445
           Sand, and Final Breasting and Bulkheading,
           East River Tunnels

  LXXII.   Method of Operating Shields in Soft Ground,     1159  453
           East River Tunnels

  LXXIII.  Reinforcement of Broken Plates, and Inflow of   1159  455
           Soft Clay Through Shield, East River Tunnels

  LXXIV.   Methods of Placing Concrete Inside the Iron     1159  475
           Tube, East River Tunnels




MEMOIRS OF DECEASED MEMBERS.


=JOHN FISKE BARNARD, M. Am. Soc. C. E.=[1]

[1] Memoir prepared by W. K. Barnard, Assoc. M. Am. Soc. C. E.

DIED FEBRUARY 6TH, 1910.

John Fiske Barnard was born in Worcester, Mass., on April 23d. 1829. He
was graduated from the Bridgewater Normal School, and from Rensselaer
Polytechnic Institute.

In November, 1850, Mr. Barnard entered the railway service. He
held various engineering and operating positions with the Grand Trunk
Railway and its subsidiary lines in Lower Canada, and served as Chief
Engineer of the Grand Trunk South of the St. Lawrence River for the
last three years of his connection with that road.

In May, 1869, he went to the Missouri Valley Railroad as Superintendent
and Chief Engineer. During the same year he was appointed Chief
Engineer of the Kansas City-St. Joseph and Council Bluffs Railroad,
and remained with this road and the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad
(both now a part of the Burlington Missouri Lines), as Chief Engineer,
General Superintendent, and General Manager, until 1886. During this
time Mr. Barnard was also President of the Atchison Union Depot Company
and the St. Joseph Union Stock Yards Company, Secretary and Treasurer
of the St. Joseph Depot Company, and Director in various railroad
companies.

In 1886, Mr. Barnard was appointed President and General Manager of
the Ohio and Mississippi Railway, which position he occupied until
1892. From that time until 1893, he was engaged on several reports
of projected railroads and appraisals of industrial and railroad
properties.

From 1893 to 1898, Mr. Barnard was Receiver of the Omaha and St. Louis
(now Wabash) Railway, during part of which time he was also President
of the Alton Bridge Company, and Receiver of the St. Clair-Madison and
St. Louis Belt Line.

In the spring of 1905 he moved to Los Angeles, Cal., where he lived
until February 6th, 1910, when, after an illness of several months, he
died at his home at the age of 81 years.

Mr. Barnard was elected a Member of the American Society of Civil
Engineers on September 1st, 1880. He was also a Member of the American
Geographical Society.


=ROBERT L. ENGLE, M. Am. Soc. C. E.=[2]

[2] Memoir prepared by O. E. Selby, Jun. Am. Soc. C. E.

DIED OCTOBER 16TH, 1909.

Robert L.