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NOTES AND QUERIES:

A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
GENEALOGISTS, ETC.

"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.

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No. 176.]
SATURDAY, MARCH 12. 1853
[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.

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CONTENTS.

  NOTES:--                                                    Page
  Marlowe's "Lust's Dominion"                                  253

  Dover Castle: a Note to Hasted                               254

  Dean Swift: Autographs in Books, by George Daniel            255

  Shakspeare Elucidations, by Thomas Keightley                 255

  Imprecatory Epitaphs, by Dr. E. Charlton                     256

  Derivation of "Lad" and "Lass"                               256

  MINOR NOTES:--Iona--Inscriptions in Parochial Registers--
    Lieutenant--"Prigging Tooth" or "Pugging Tooth"--
    London--Note from the Cathedral at Seville--Riddles
    for the Post Office                                        257

  QUERIES:--

  National Portraits: Portrait of the Duke of Gloucester,
    Son of Charles I., by Albert Way                           258

  Boston Queries, by Pishey Thompson                           258

  Welborne Family                                              259

  Descendants of Sir Humphrey Gilbert, by C. Gonville          259

  MINOR QUERIES:--English Bishops deprived by Queen
    Elizabeth, 1559--John Williams of Southwark, Esq.--
    "A Screw"--Tanner's MSS.--The Westminster Assembly of
    Divines--The Witch Countess of Morton--Mary, Daughter
    of King James I. of Scotland--Hibernicis Hibernior--
    The Cucking-stool, when last used--Grafts and the
    Parent Tree--Conway Family--Salt--Geological
    Query--Wandering Jew--Frescheville Family--The
    Wednesday Club--Oratories--Arms of De Turneham--
    Poisons--Open Seats or Pews in Churches--Burial of
    unclaimed Corpse                                           260

  MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--Sir John Powell--"Reynard
    the Fox"--Campvere, Privileges of--Bishops Inglis and
    Stanser of Nova Scotia                                     262

  REPLIES:--

  Monument to Barbara Mowbray and Elizabeth Curle at Antwerp   263

  Rigby Correspondence                                         264

  Marigmerii--Melinglerii--Berefellarii                        264

  PHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES AND QUERIES:--Replies to Photographic
    Questions--Developing Paper Pictures with Pyrogallic
    Acid--Photography in the Open Air; Improved Camera--
    New Effect in Collodion Pictures--Powdered Alum:
    How does it act?                                           265

  REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Chatterton--Princes'
    Whipping-boys--"Grub Street Journal"--"Pinch of
    Snuff"--Race for Canterbury--Chichester Pallant--Scarfs
    worn by Clergymen--Alicia Lady Lisle--Major-General
    Lambert--Mistletoe--The Sizain--Venda--Meaning of
    "Assassin"--Dimidium Scientiae--Epigrams--Use of Tobacco
    before the Discovery of America--Oldham, Bishop of
    Exeter--Tortoiseshell Tom Cat--Irish Rhymes--Consecrated
    Rings--Brasses since 1688--Derivation of Lowbell--The
    Negative given to the Demand of the Clergy at
    Merton--Nugget--Blackguard                                 267

  MISCELLANEOUS:--

  Notes on Books, &c.                                          273

  Books and Odd Volumes wanted                                 274

  Notices to Correspondents                                    274

  Advertisements                                               274

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Notes.

MARLOWE'S "LUST'S DOMINION."

The Rev. Mr. Dyce omits the play of _Lust's Dominion, or the Lascivious
Queen_, from the excellent, and (in all other respects) complete edition of
Marlowe's _Works_ which he has lately published, considering it to have
been "distinctly shown by Mr. Collier" that it could not have been the work
of that poet. I must say, however, that the argument for its rejection does
not appear to me by any means conclusive. It runs thus: in the first act is
presented the death of a certain King Philip of Spain; and this King Philip
must be Philip II., because in a tract printed in the _Somers' Collection_,
giving an account of the "last words" of that monarch, are found passages
which are plainly copied in the play. Now, Philip II. did not die till
1598, and the tract was not published till 1599, whereas Marlowe's death
took place in 1593. _Ergo_, Marlowe could not have written _Lust's
Dominion_. But we know that it was the constant custom of managers to cause
acting plays to be altered and added to from time to time: the curious
_Diary of Manager Henslowe_ is full of entries of the payment of sums of
twenty shillings or so, to the authors whom he kept, for "adycyons" to the
works of others. And surely it is no forced hypothesis to suppose that some
literary cobbler employed to touch up Marlowe's work, finding a King Philip
in it, should have thought to improve and give it an air of historic truth,
by introducing the circumstances furnished by the pamphlet into the
death-scene. Apart from these particulars, the king is neither Philip I.
nor Philip II., but a mere King Philip of Spain in general, quite superior
to historical considerations. The positive evidence in support of Marlowe's
authorship is tolerably strong, though not absolutely conclusive. The
earliest extant edition of the play bears his name at full length on the
title-page. It is true that the date of that edition is 1650, sixty-six
years after his death: still the publisher must have had _some_ reasonable
ground for attributing the work to him; and in all cases comparatively
little value ought to be attached to negative, when opposed by positive
evidence. We {254} need look no farther than this very edition of Marlowe
for an illustration of the possibility such a combination of circumstances
as I have supposed. In the earliest known edition of the play of _Dr.
Faustus_ is found an allusion to a certain Dr. Lopez, who did not attain
notoriety (by being hanged) till after Marlowe's death; but Mr. Dyce very
justly only infers from this that the particular passage is an
interpolation. According to the reasoning applied to _Lust's Dominion_,
Faustus also should have been expelled summarily, upon this objection: and
yet, in the case of that play, we know that such a conclusion from such
premises would have been erroneous. I am unwilling to lay much stress on
the internal evidence to be drawn from the language and conduct of the play
itself, because I am aware how little reliance can be placed on reasoning
drawn from such observations; but no one, I think, will deny that there are
many passages which at least _might_ have been written by Marlowe: and, on
the whole, I submit that it would have been more satisfactory if Mr. Dyce
had included it in this edition.

He has changed his practice since he printed among Middleton's works (and
rightly) the play of the _Honest Whore_, a play generally--I believe,
universally--attributed to Dekker alone, on the authority of one single
entry in Henslowe's _Diary_, where the names of the two poets are
incidentally coupled together as joint authors of the piece!

I should mention, that I take the dates and book-lore from Mr. Dyce
himself.

B. R. I.

       *       *       *       *       *

DOVER CASTLE: A NOTE TO HASTED.

Lambard, Camden, and Kilburne all speak of an accumulation of stores in
Dover Castle, on the origin of which various traditions and opinions
existed in their days.

    "The Castell of Douer (sayth Lidgate and Rosse) was firste builded by
    Julius Caesar the Romane emperour, in memorie of whome, they of the
    castell kept, till this day, certeine vessels of olde wine and salte,
    whiche they affirme to be the remayne of suche prouision as he brought
    into it, as touching the whiche (if they be natural and not
    sophisticate), I suppose them more likely to have beene of that store
    whiche Hubert de Burghe layde in there."--_Lambard._

    "In this castle likewise antiently was to be seen a tower (called
    Caesar's Tower), afterwards the king's lodgings (excellent for
    workmanship and very high),--a spacious hall (called King Arthur's
    Hall) with a faire gallery, or entry,--_great pipes and cashes (bound
    with iron hoopes), wherein was liquor (supposed to be wine) which by
    long lying became as thick as treackle_, and would _cleave like
    bird-lime_;--_salt congealed together as hard as stone_, cross bowes,
    long bowes, and arrowes to the same (_to which was fastened brass
    instead of feathers_); and the same were of such bigness as not fit to
    be used by any men of this or late ages."--_Kilburne._

    "Camden relates that he was shown these arrows, which he thinks were
    such as the Romans used to shoot out of their engines, which were like
    to large crossbows. These last might, though not Caesar's, belong to
    the Romans of a later time; and the former might, perhaps, be part of
    the provisions and stores which King Henry VIII. laid in here, at a
    time when he passed from hence over sea to France; but for many years
    past it has not been known what is become of any of these
    things."--_Hasted._

The following extract from an inventory furnished by William de Clynton,
Earl of Huntyngdon, Lord Warden, on handing over the castle to Bartholomew
de Burghersh, his successor, dated "die Sabati in vigilia sancti Thome
Apostoli, anno regni regis Edwardi tercei a conquestu Anglie decimo
septimo" (_i. e._ September 20, 1343), will supply a satisfactory
elucidation of what these stores were:

    "Item in magna Turri; _quinque dolea et j pipam mellis_; unde de j
    doleo deficiunt viij pollices; et de alio deficiunt iij pollices; et de
    alio deficiunt xvj pollices; et de alio xv pollices; et de quinto xj
    pollices; et de pipa deficiunt xx pollices. Item, j molendinum manuale
    et _ij molas pro eodem_.

    "Item, in domo armorum iij springaldas magnas cum toto atilo[1] praeter
    cordas. Item, quinque minores springaldas sine cordis; et iij parvas
    springaldas[2] modici valoris; L arcus de tempore Regis avi; clvj arcus
    de tempore Regis nunc; cxxvj arbalistas, de quibus xxxiij arbaliste de
    cornu ad duos pedes, et ix de cornu ad unum pedem, et iij magne
    arbaliste ad turnum.[3] Item, xliij baudrys; vij^{xx} et ix garbas
    sagittarum; lviij sagittas large barbatas; xxv haubergons debiles et
    putrefactos; xxij basenettos debiles de veteri tour; xj galeas de
    ferro, de quibus vj cum visers; xx capellas de ferro; xxij basenettos
    coopertos de coreo, de veteri factura, debiles et putrefactos; xxv
    paria cirotecarum de platis nullius valoris; xij capellas de nervis de
    Pampilon depictas; xxx haketons[4] et gambesons[5] nullius valoris; ix
    picos; ij trubulos; j cenovectorium[6] cum j rota ferro ligata; j cuva;
    iij instrumenta pro arbalistis tendendis; cxviij lanceas, quarum xviij
    sine capitibus; j cas cum sagittis saracenorum; ciij targettos, quorum
    xxiiij nullius valoris; j veterem cistam cum capitibus quarellorum et
    sagittarum debilem; ij barellos; vj bukettos cum quarellis debilibus
    non pennatis; j cistam cum quantitate capitum {255} quarellorum et
    quadam quantitate de cawetrappis in j doleo. Item _m^l vj^c et xxviij
    garroks_[7] de majori forma. Item, iiij^{xx} garroks de eadem forma,
    sine capitibus. Item, m^l vj^c & xxiij garroks, de minori forma."

Query, What were the "capellae de nervis de Pampilon depictae?" Ducange
cites the word, but does not explain it.

L. B. L.

[Footnote 1: Toto atilo; quasi "attelage."]

[Footnote 2: Springaldus; "veterum profecto fuit balistae genus, et,
recentis militiae, tormentum est pulverarium, non ita ponderosum ut
majoribus bombardis aequari possit, nec ea levitate ut gestari manibus
valeat."--_Ducange._]

[Footnote 3: Arbaliste ad turnum; arbalists that traversed.]

[Footnote 4: Haukets; "sagum militare."--_Ducange._]

[Footnote 5: Gambeson; "vestimenti genus quod de coactili ad mensuram et
tutelam pectoris humani conficitur, de mollibus lanis, ut, hoc inducta
primum, lorica vel clibanus, aut his similia, fragilitatem corporis,
ponderis asperitate non laederent."--_Ducange._]

[Footnote 6: Cenovectorium; "a mudcart."--_Ducange._]

[Footnote 7: "Conjicio _garrotos_ esse spingardarum tela, quibus pennae
aereae aptabantur utpote grandioribus; _carrellis_ vero pennae plumatiles
tantum." (See Ducange, sub voce _Garrotus_.)]

       *       *       *       *       *

DEAN SWIFT: AUTOGRAPHS IN BOOKS.

The biographer and the critic, down to the pamphleteer and the lecturer,
have united in painting St. Patrick's immortal Dean in the blackest
colours. To their (for the most part) unmerited scandal and reproach thus
heaped upon his memory (as little in accordance with truth as with
Christian charity), let me, Mr. Editor, oppose the following brief but
emphatic testimony on the bright (and I firmly believe the _right_) side of
the question, of the virtuous, the accomplished Addison:

    "To Dr. Jonathan Swift, The most Agreeable Companion, The Truest
    Friend, And the Greatest Genius of his Age, This Book is presented by
    his most Humble Servant the Authour."

The above inscription, in the autograph of Addison, is on the fly-leaf of
his _Remarks on several Parts of Italy, &c._, 8vo. 1705, the possession of
which I hold very dear.

Permit me to add _another_ beautiful example of friendship between two
generous rivals in a glorious art.

     "My dear Hoppner,

    "In return for your elegant volume, let me request you will accept this
    little work, as a testimony of ardent esteem and friendship.

    "While the two books remain they will prove, that in a time of much
    professional jealousy, there were _two painters_, at least, who could
    be emulous, without being envious; who could contend without enmity,
    and associate without suspicion.

    "That this cordiality may long subsist between us, is the sincere
    desire of, dear Hoppner,

              Yours ever faithfully,
                  MARTIN ARCHER SHEE.
      Cavendish Square, December 7, 1805."

This letter is written on the fly-leaf of _Rhymes on Art, or the
Remonstrance of a Painter_, 2nd edit. 1805, also in my library.

Need I offer an apology for introducing a _third_ inscription?

    "To my perfect Friend, Mr. Francis Crane, I erect this Altar of
    Friendship, And leave it as the Eternall Witnesse of my Love. Ben
    Jonson."

This is in the beautiful autograph of rare Ben, on the fly-leaf of _Sejanus
his Fall_, 4to