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TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

AMERICAN SOCIETY

OF

CIVIL ENGINEERS

(INSTITUTED 1852)

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VOL. LXX

DECEMBER, 1910

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Edited by the Secretary, under the direction of the Committee on
Publications.

Reprints from this publication, which is copyrighted, may be made
on condition that the full title of Paper, name of Author, and page
reference are given.

NEW YORK

PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY

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1910

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Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1910, by the AMERICAN
SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress,
                            at Washington.

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 NOTE.--This Society is not responsible, as a body, for the facts and
             opinions advanced in any of its publications.




CONTENTS


PAPERS

  NO.                                                               PAGE


  1167 =EXPANSION OF PIPES.=

              By =Ralph C. Taggart=                                    1

        Discussion:

              By WILLIAM D. ENNIS                                     31
                 WILLIAM KENT                                         31
                 RALPH C. TAGGART                                     32


  1168 =TESTS OF CREOSOTED TIMBER.=

              By =W.B. Gregory=                                       37


  1169 =SOME MOOTED QUESTIONS IN REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN.=

              By =Edward Godfrey=                                     54

        Discussion:

              By JOSEPH WRIGHT                                        72
                 S. BENT RUSSELL                                      73
                 J.R. WORCESTER                                       74
                 L.J. MENSCH                                          76
                 WALTER W. CLIFFORD                                   80
                 J.C. MEEM                                            82
                 GEORGE H. MYERS                                      84
                 EDWIN THACHER                                        85
                 C.A.P. TURNER                                        87
                 PAUL CHAPMAN                                         90
                 E.P. GOODRICH                                        95
                 ALBIN H. BEYER                                      102
                 JOHN C. OSTRUP                                      105
                 HARRY F. PORTER                                     111
                 JOHN STEPHEN SEWELL                                 124
                 SANFORD E. THOMPSON                                 128
                 EDWARD GODFREY                                      133


  1170 =THE WATER SUPPLY OF THE EL PASO AND SOUTHWESTERN RAILWAY
    FROM CARRIZOZO TO SANTA ROSA, N. MEX.=

              By =J.L. Campbell=                                     164

        Discussion:

              By G.E.P. SMITH                                        186
                 KENNETH ALLEN                                       186
                 J.L. CAMPBELL                                       188


  1171 =FEDERAL INVESTIGATIONS OF MINE ACCIDENTS, STRUCTURAL
    MATERIALS, AND FUELS.=

              By =Herbert M. Wilson=                                 190

        Discussion:

              By KENNETH ALLEN                                       300
                 HENRY KREISINGER                                    300
                 WALTER O. SNELLING                                  307
                 A. BARTOCCINI                                       312
                 H.G. STOTT                                          313
                 B.W. DUNN                                           314
                 HERBERT M. WILSON                                   318


  1172 =LOCOMOTIVE PERFORMANCE ON GRADES OF VARIOUS LENGTHS.=

              By =Beverly S. Randolph=                               321

        Discussion:
              By C.D. PURDON                                         329
                 JOHN C. TRAUTWINE, JR.                              330
                 BEVERLY S. RANDOLPH                                 333


  1173 =A CONCRETE WATER TOWER.=

              By =A. Kempkey, Jr.=                                   334

        Discussion:

              By MAURICE C. COUCHOT                                  348
                 L.J. MENSCH                                         348
                 A.H. MARKWART                                       349
                 A. KEMPKEY, JR.                                     350


  1174 =PRESSURE, RESISTANCE, AND STABILITY OF EARTH.=

              By =J.C. Meem=                                         352

        Discussion:

              By T. KENNARD THOMSON                                  389
                 CHARLES E. GREGORY                                  391
                 FRANCIS W. PERRY                                    392
                 E.P. GOODRICH                                       393
                 FRANCIS L. PRUYN                                    398
                 FRANK H. CARTER                                     399
                 J.C. MEEM                                           401


  1175 =THE ULTIMATE LOAD ON PILE FOUNDATIONS: A STATIC THEORY.=

              By =John H. Griffith=                                  412

        Discussion:

              By LUTHER WAGONER                                      442
                 JOHN H. GRIFFITH                                    443


  1176 =REINFORCED CONCRETE PIER CONSTRUCTION.=

              By =Eugene Klapp=                                      448

        Discussion:

              By WILLIAM ARTHUR PAYNE                                455
                 EUGENE KLAPP                                        455


  1177 =FINAL REPORT OF SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RAIL SECTIONS.=         456


  1178 =ADDRESS AT THE 42d ANNUAL CONVENTION, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,
    JUNE 21st, 1910.=

              By =John A. Bensel=                                    464

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MEMOIRS OF DECEASED MEMBERS

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                                                                    PAGE

                LINUS WEED BROWN, M. AM. SOC. C.E.                   470
                CHARLES ALFRED HASBROUCK, M. AM. SOC. C.E.           473
                JOHN HENDERSON SAMPLE, M. AM. SOC. C.E.              474
                ALBERT MATHER SMITH, M. AM. SOC. C.E.                476
                JACOBUS VAN DER HOEK, M. AM. SOC. C.E.               477
                LUTHER ELMAN JOHNSON, JUN. AM. SOC. C.E.             480


PLATES

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  PLATE                                                      PAPER  PAGE

       I.  Specimen in Testing Machine, Showing Method of
             Support; and End Views of Tested Timbers         1168    45

      II.  Side Views of Tested Timbers                       1168    47

     III.  Junction of Beam and Wall Column, with
             Reinforcement in Place.                          1169   115

      IV.  Slab and Beam Reinforcement                        1169   121

       V.  El Paso & Southwestern System: Condensed Profile
             of Bonito Pipe Line from Bonito Creek to Pastura,
             N. Mex.                                          1170   167

      VI.  Explosion from Coal Dust in Gas and Dust Gallery
             No. 1; Mine Gallery No. 1; and Ballistic
             Pendulum                                         1171   197

     VII.  Bichel Pressure Gauges; and Rate of Detonation
             Recorder                                         1171   219

    VIII.  Explosives Calorimeter; Building No. 17, and
             Flame-Test Apparatus; and Small Lead Block Test  1171   223

      IX.  Trauzl Lead Blocks; and Powder Flames              1171   225

       X.  Separator for Grading Black Powder; Safety Lamp
             Testing Gallery; and Mine Gallery No. 2          1171   231

      XI.  Impact Machine; and Lamp Testing Box               1171   233

     XII.  Breathing and Rescue Apparatus; and Rescue
             Training Room                                    1171   235

    XIII.  Testing Beam in 200,000-lb. Machine; and Fire Test
             of Panel                                         1171   247

     XIV.  View of 10,000,000-lb. Testing Machine             1171   249

      XV.  Characteristic Failures of Reinforced Concrete
             Beams; and Arrangement of Static Load Test for
             Reinforced Concrete Beams                        1171   251

     XVI.  Brick Machine and Universal Cutter; and
             House-Heating Boilers, Building No. 21           1171   259

    XVII.  Plan of Building No. 13, Testing Station at
             Pittsburg, Pa.                                   1171   277

   XVIII.  Long Combustion Chamber; and Gas Sampling
             Combustion Chamber                               1171   279

     XIX.  Gas Producer, Economizer, and Wet Scrubber; and
             Dry Scrubber Apparatus, Long and Gas Holder      1171   283

      XX.  Charging Floor of Gas Producer; and European and
             American Briquettes                              1171   285

     XXI.  Hand Briquetting Press; and Coal Briquetting
             Machine                                          1171   291

    XXII.  Dryer for Lignite Briquetting Press; and Lignite
             Briquetting Machine                              1171   295

   XXIII.  Scaffolding for Concrete Water Tower, and
             Completed Tower                                  1173   341

    XXIV.  Sand Arch Experiments                              1174   355

     XXV.  Normal <DW72>s and Strata of Newly Excavated Banks  1174   359

    XXVI.  Arch Timbers, Bay Ridge Tunnel Sewer; and Normal
             <DW72> of Loose Sand, Gravel and Cemented Gravel  1174   363

   XXVII.  Experiments on Properties of Sand                  1174   365

  XXVIII.  Measuring Loss of Pressure in Subaqueous
             Materials; and Raising Tunnel Roof by "Bleeding"
             Sand through Displaced Plates                    1174   367

    XXIX.  Hollow California Stove-Pipe Pile; and Chenoweth
             Pile Penetrating Hard Material                   1174   385

     XXX.  Yacht Pier near Glen Cove, N.Y.                    1176   449




MEMOIRS OF DECEASED MEMBERS.


=LINUS WEED BROWN, M. Am. Soc. C.E.[1]=

DIED MARCH 7TH, 1910.

In the death of Linus Weed Brown, which occurred in Monrovia, Cal., on
March 7th, 1910, this Society lost one of its valued members and the
Engineering Profession a most able exponent.

Mr. Brown was born in Burnside, Orange County, N.Y., in August, 1856,
and received his early education in the schools of that town. He
studied his profession in the Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken,
N.J.

At the age of eighteen he entered the machine shops of the Pennsylvania
Railroad, and later was employed as Draftsman by that Company, which
position he held until 1880.

In 1880 he accepted a position with the Southern Pacific Railroad in
New Orleans, La., and designed and supervised the construction of the
Algiers shops.

In 1883 Mr. Brown severed his connection with the Southern Pacific
Company and engaged in general engineering practice, principally in the
line of sugar-house installations.

In 1885 he was elected Assistant City Engineer of New Orleans, which
position he held for four years.

In 1890 he became Chief Engineer for the Caffrey Central Sugar
Refinery, designing and supervising the erection of the buildings,
which represented an expenditure of about $600,000. In the same year
Mr. Brown was appointed Chief Engineer of the Franklin and Abbeville
Railroad and built that road