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  Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other
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                      =PAPER AND STATIONERY=
                           =Warehouse=.

                      =JOHN G. HODGE & CO=.,
                   Cor. Sansome and Sacramento sts.,

                             SAN FRANCISCO.
                      IMPORTING AND MANUFACTURING

                           =STATIONERS=,

    Keep Blank Books, Stationery, School Books, Cheap Publications,
                  LOG BOOKS, Shipping Articles, Rolls
                     of Sale of Vessels, etc., etc.

                =The Best Grades at Lowest Prices=.

                G. W. BREWER.          M. P. McLAUGHLIN.

                      =McLAUGHLIN & BREWER=,

                           =REAL ESTATE=
                             =AGENTS=,

                       No. 328 MONTGOMERY STREET,
                            (Office No. 9,)
                             SAN FRANCISCO.




                      =THE LAW OF STORMS:=

             THE VARIOUS PHENOMENA BY WHICH THEIR APPROACH
                 CAN BE ASCERTAINED WITH CERTAINTY, AND
                    PRACTICAL DIRECTIONS TO MARINERS
                           FOR THE AVOIDANCE
                             OF THEIR FURY.

                     COMPILED FROM VARIOUS SOURCES

                                   BY
                        =CAPT. JOHN ROSS=.

                             [Illustration]

                          A. ROMAN & COMPANY,
            BOOKSELLERS, PUBLISHERS AND IMPORTERS,
             417 and 119 Montgomery Street, San Francisco.
                        27 HOWARD ST., NEW YORK.

                                 1869.

        Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1869,

                      BY CAPT. JOHN ROSS,

    In the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the United States
                for the Northern District of California.

                     Printed by SPAULDING & BARTO,
            MINING AND SCIENTIFIC PRESS JOB OFFICE,
                    414 Clay Street, San Francisco.




ON HURRICANES AND THE LAW OF STORMS.


In the Northern Hemisphere, when the Polar and Equatorial currents of
air are alternating with each other, the regular shifting of the wind
round the compass will be through S., S.W., W., N.W., N., N.E., E.,
S.E., S.—and the changes will take place oftener between south and
west, and between north and east, than between west and north, and
between east and south.

Similarly in the Southern Hemisphere, it may be inferred that when
Polar currents of air alternate with Equatorial, the regular shifting
of the wind round the compass will be successive through S., S.E., E.,
N.E., N., N.W., W., S.W., S.

This is Dove’s “Law of Gyration,” (or the law of the rotation of
winds). And collecting the main points into a few general propositions,
it may be laid down, that all steady winds are modified by the rotation
of the earth, in such a manner that Equatorial currents of air receive
a westerly deflection, and Polar currents an easterly deflection; but
latitudinal currents suffer no change. The N.E. and S.E. Trade Winds
are steady Polar currents. The Monsoons are alternations of a Polar and
an Equatorial current, twice during the year. Therefore they are N.E.
and S.W. in the Northern Hemisphere, and S.E. and N.W. in the Southern
Hemisphere.

The S.W. passage winds of the Northern Hemisphere, and the N.W. passage
winds of the Southern Hemisphere, are Equatorial currents.

Bodies of air set in motion from a state of rest, turn the wind-vane in
the direction of the meridian as follows:

The Polar current in the Northern Hemisphere from N. to E.

The Polar current in the Southern Hemisphere from S. to E.

The Equatorial current in the Northern Hemisphere from S. to W.

The Equatorial current in the Southern Hemisphere from N. to W.

In general the winds in the Northern Hemisphere are as follows:

Those from N. to E. the Polar currents.

Those from E. to S. the transition of the Polar to the Equatorial.

Those from S. to W. the Equatorial current.

Those from W. to N. the transition of the Equatorial to the Polar.

Also, in the Southern hemisphere,