Nicolinas
nicolinas portuguese festas nicolinas series festivity honor saint nicholas occur portuguese city guimarães held november th december th celebrate old tradition camaraderie inhabitant guimarães predominantly among student first known literary reference nicolinas date year construction chapel st nicholas guimarães although historical evidence suggests festivity predate time nicolinas consist eight main festivity pinheiro novena danças de são nicolau posse e magusto pregão maçãzinhas baile da saudade roubalheiras organized nicolinas festivity committee group ten male high school student people actively participate festivity called nicolinos cult saint nicholas guimarães th century traced building chapel dedicated saint established statutory document including statute brotherhood saint nicholas created however appears predate period historian place beginning nicolinas around th th century european cult saint nicholas arrived city th century festivity celebrated less frequently irregular interval ceased celebrated altogether led jerónimo sampaio bráulio caldas group enthusiast student organized gathering afonso henriques theatre november sparked return nicolinas absence around year rather day celebration december th extended originally called st nicholas festivity joão de meira renamed early th century known nicolinas initially held two day programme december th announced crier walked street city december th festivity later extended eight day beginning november ending december currently period take place take place every year november december include various event pinheiro popular baile da saudade last festivity nicolinas festivity organized nicolinas festivity committee group ten male student high school guimarães committee elected annually student event held last friday september toural fountain prior student martin sarmento high school could participate since student francisco de holanda santos simões caldas da taipas veiga closed high school also allowed participate vote committee festivity begin november th planting pinheiro pine tree ceias nicolinas nicolinas supper held honor saint nicholas two event popular part nicolinas festivity especially among youth guimarães probably festivity happen night ceias nicolinas tradition eat rojões broccoli rabe papa de sarrabulho sarrabulho porridge drinking vinho verde name pinheiro used describe entire festivity originated second half th century reference inaugural act nicolinas mentioned “raising flagpole” “the flag” festivity almost always without indicating “flagpole” would pine tree ceias nicolinas supper concludes participant gather pinheiro procession cano situated next historically significant campo de são mamede battle são mamede began pine tree traditionally tallest pine tree region supplied martin de alvão family ceremoniously pulled heart central guimarães bull procession accompanied drumming distinctive chant “toques nicolinos” end near santos passos church pine tree raised planted marking official start nicolinas participant longer student people nearby town rest country join teen young adult often get drunk start procession act older nicolinos deem “a distortion tradition fueled convinience” height covid pandemic number attending pinheiro diminish despite restriction imposed contrary expectation turnout comparable previous year proof important festivity resident guimarães attendance similar around people attended pinheiro procession despite negative perception rest country large gathering people peak covid pandemic social democratic party defended festivity vicepresident time andré coelho lima native city personally attending various event joão de meira said obstacle would stop festivity happening long student city fought analogy happened pandemic long single student guimarãeswith strength play soul drumthe festival live proud triumphantand noone able accompany grave novena last december st december th celebrate religious origin nicolinas providing insight spiritual communal identity weeklong celebration foster unity among religious group symbolic ritual contributing overall narrative tradition belief beyond religious aspect event serf communal gathering strengthening bond amongst religious nonreligious people city posse possession student guimarães gather food distribute people originally held day festivity moved december first december december begin pm december th student member nicolinas festivity committee take part gathering food item people member committee however attend follow committee posse start campo da feira committee walk street alley historic center following route pass house agreed “stop” posse completed magusto begin consisting ceremony around bonfire student offer people food gathered posse chestnut wine shared people socialize night since magusto held santiago square always taken place orderly fashion solely spirit sharing student population pregão sometimes called pregão de são nicolau originally bando escolástico take place december th consists text declaimed highschool student called pregoeiro various spot throughout city center declaimed text us satire irony sarcasm criticize politician modernity local affair pregão voice pregoeiro member nicolinas festivity committee student guimarães condense opinion critical view event taken place year single document pregoeiro recites pregão five different location across city starting câmara municipal concluding toural historical document mark pregãos earliest known occurrence however highly likely instance predating date occurred yet either lost remained undocumented joão de meira one notable influential writer pregão crafted iconic pregões contribution established lasting standard serving inspiration guiding example future pregões boy divine music capable making even morpheus tremblethe music nicolinas festivitiesthat shake earth dismantles heaven…more force possible ferocious nothing enough let make stubble mockery would make hell look like maçãzinhas previously known cortejo da maçãs one iconic festivity nicolinas emphasized timing december th saint nicholas day day honor central figure festivity maçãzinhas trace origin romantic movement various country france england germany maçãzinhas consist allegorical procession parade street city leaving pm final destination santiago square place name spanish city santiago de compostela played key role introduction cult st nicholas guimarães way even unintentionally serf homage foundational root romeiros cult st nicholas guimarães morning preparation made feast boy go oficinas de sjosé build decorate cart used parade boy also prepare disguise put ribbon lance put lance respective cane also find squire accompany girl always coordinated group younger girl form every year help nicolinas festivity committee organize event giving indispensable feminine touch santiago square sewing white camellia black student cape placing cape balcony occupied better identification boy arrive santiago square always packed people want watch girl waiting patiently filling various balcony throughout square magical part begin boy disguised accompanied squire place apple maçã portuguese spear end huge cane lift vigorously start distributing apple balcony girl never hide happiness chosen receive apple return gesture placing little gift tip spear saving gift special significance lucky one end apple gone spear removed end cane offered girl boy want propose one already chosen one none exist spear given boy mother main peculiarity maçãzinhas lie fact although based custom practice courtship time gone still manages appeal modern teen making feel romantic way people felt city medieval time baile da saudade baile nicolino last festival nicolinas traditionally consists ball “couples” created maçãzinhas initially primary objective event raise fund serving vital way financially support costly nature festivity first happened november th commemoration th anniversary resurgence nicolinas became official festivity thus marking recent addition among festivity ball repeated following year well taking place jordão theatre happens december th date adopted martin sarmento high school baile nicolino considered older example current north american prom nowadays party open city student encompassing dinner followed ball award prize also awarded festivity controversial tradition within nicolinas roubalheiras involving theft various item ranging small flower pot hefty kg cow small note placed spot stolen item located providing comfort owner gesture aim assure part festivity typical act robbery note besides informing owner item temporary absence also directs toural stolen possession displayed following day thoughtful gesture ensures owner promptly aware situation guide designated location reclaiming belonging festivity exclusively orchestrated student part nicolinas festivity committee prevent potential misunderstanding disruption meticulous coordination established local authority informed advance regarding scheduled occurrence roubalheiras specific year earlier time festival coincided posse december immediately following conclusion magusto first took place phase revival nicolinas initially dubbed rapto da tabuletas kidnapping sign since sign displayed front shop restaurant popular target theft name “roubalheiras” nearly ancient predecessor less prevalent initial stage tradition official name festivity roubalheiras contemporary adaptation old tradition took place village minho traditional practice observed june called dia do atrancamentos village boy would playfully relocate item food harvest tool cart placing entirely different location confuse elder roubalheiras introduced relatively recently compared festivity underwent intermittent period establishment cessation throughout th century commencing festival faced abolition decade later reinstated however abolished subsequent restoration another ban late tradition revived enduring resurgence occurred accompanied strategic modification aimed deterring misuse festival pretext engaging illegal activity influential factor contributing prior abolition subsequently roubalheiras deliberately envelop secrecy maintaining confidentiality occurrence date change annually remains exclusively known member committee devoid fixed schedule recent year roubalheiras garnered noteworthy attention despite challenge posed covid pandemic became recordbreaking year witnessing highest number stolen item history festivity pilfered item included notable item trailer backhoe loader road paving machine even bull similar previous year bull goat among thing display toural however range stolen item expanded significantly among goalpost football bench taken afonso henriques stadium numerous scooter bicycle supermarket trolley considerable number gas heater moinas also called moinas nicolinas series rehearsal occur every saturday november session provide opportunity individual intending participate festivity tune drum practice various toque nicolinos people attend moinas usually dress white clothes rehearsal start mumadona square end fountain toural two location stop made location offer food drink participant iconic one house santoalhas dízimo de urgezes english tithe urgezes restored junta de freguesia urgezes suggestion nicolino named hélder rocha unanimously approved session parish assembly october date back referred entry dated clearly state dízimo urgezes satisfy student lord nicolau day portion obliged good satisfaction use custom always originally happened december th happens december th use custom banned decree extinguished favorable decision porto court appeal appeal filed cabido da colegiada origin posse festivity according contract obligation give choreiros student went said parish santo estêvão de urgezes st nicholas day customary manner two hundred apple half bag roasted lupin bean half bag roasted walnut two bushel roasted chestnut two barrel wine two dozen large bundle paínça straw today tithing involves allocation monetary sum customary foodstuff tradition dictate monumento ao nicolino nicolino monument monument made honor partake nicolinas located besides santos passos church near pine tree raised pinheiro discussion regarding creation monument honor nicolinos festivity date back assurance construction granted city council however project faced cancellation revival occurred july new project construction monument total cost euro initially planned inauguration november coinciding start nicolinas event experienced delay due construction challenge ultimately monument officially inaugurated january pm created renowned plastic artist josé de guimarães serf symbolic representation fluttering “cape” integral element old academic attire used solely student festivity committee symbol nicolinas depicts nicolino name given people actively engage festivity dressed iconic “traje de trabalho” proudly raising drumstick high air logo came existence mids designed gomes alves antónio augusto correia preparation maçãzinhas commence much occurrence december th boy need ready spear spear embellished ribbon gifted girl prepare festivity mounted atop cane long enough boy reach balcony partake festivitiesthese ribbon come various color distinct meaning adorned saying symbol message ribbon offer boy subtle clue guiding choose right girl present spear boy specific girl mind seek bow ribbon—an exclusive larger pink ribbon tying bow ribbon symbolically bind connection festivity however boy participating maçãzinhas first time tradition dictate use white ribbon color exclusively reserved honor mother nicolinas festivity advocated candidate intangible cultural heritage initial application arose following exhibition featuring diverse material related nicolinas exhibit included collection photograph josé bastos capturing moment nicolinas alongside oil painting paulo varregoso mesquita simultaneously projection showcased photograph depicting various aspect historical motif centuriesold nicolinas festivity visual presentation complemented brief text centered around theme “nicolinas intangible heritage humanity” event transcended typical definition “exhibition” instead acted “gateway remarkable cause” capitalizing opportunity tertúlia nicolina association distributed bookmark promoting recently published book subject saint nicholas guimarães pregões declaimed portuguese list pregões writer reciter book document nicolinas portuguese university document cover many place tradition guimarães anthropological study nicolinas portuguese