Silvesterklaus
silvesterklaus masked person taking part saint sylvesters day festivity appenzell switzerland thus contributing maintain chlausen tradition silvesterklaus new year mummer chlaus swiss german dressed saint sylvester new year eve character reformed halfcanton appenzell ausserrhoden turn year still celebrated way saint sylvester new year eve commemorated twice according gregorian calendar december according julian calendar january silvesterkläuse put strange costume ringing huge bell singing slow yodel deambulate small group house house wish people happy new year december january fall sunday ceremony celebrated preceding saturday assumed chlausen festival pagan origin go back late medieval advent tradition involving student monastic school th century celebration becoming increasingly wild carnivallike catholic church must found behaviour hardly befitted advent season turn may explain chlausen custom transferred advent season new year eve tradition first mentioned church authority objected noisy behaviour catholic halfcanton appenzell innerrhoden ai according thcentury record taking part chlausen tradition punished heavy fine five thalers nevertheless tradition survived catholic halfcanton small scale less tacitly tolerated local district authority happened especially border area near reformed appenzell ausserrhoden example haslen surrounded three side ausserrhoden community hundwil stein teufen buehler gonten close urnäsch hundwil also mixed group uniting member appenzell innerrhoden appenzell ausserrhoden still happens occasionally sometimes isolated character nowadays tradition kept alive protestant halfcanton appenzell ausserrhoden ar three different type silvesterchläuse distinguished schöne beautiful schöwüeschte prettyugly wüeschte ugly beautiful ornate embroidered headgear scene peasant life domestic custom craft special building sport family life take hundred hour intensive work dress resembles local traditional costume prettyugly wear costume made fir twig ivy moss natural material headgear similar shape beautiful also decorated natural material ugly wear costume made material prettyugly coarser massive appearance head wear hat helmet artfully crafted wild appearance character hide face behind mask either sweet dolllike beautiful finely covered natural material prettyugly scary looking ugly young people childrens group usually without mask fourth variant exists spasschläuse joker getting rare represent somewhat freer form tradition usually dressed lighter costume illustrating professional people instance farmer forestry worker cook walk smaller group men carry proper headgear mask kerchief black pointed cap former member yodelers want keep tradition without huge investment time energy needed production detailed costume belonging main figure character represent either men woman fact men take part group due heavy costume weight large bell many jingle bell every group plan tour carefully advance group consists six people two wear womens clothes carry numerous jingle bell leading klaus white flower mouth follower blue one male figure carry one two jingle bell chest back traditional silvesterklausen still alive throughout appenzell ausserrhoden appenzeller hinterland community urnäsch schwellbrunn schönengrund herisau waldstatt hundwil stein central municipality teufen isolated group also seen locality buhler speicher starting schuppel formed new glarus wisconsin perform every january find large selection varied illustrative costume common regina bendix theo nef silvesterkläuse urnäsch verlagsgemeinschaft st gallen regina bendix progress nostalgia silvesterklausen urnäsch switzerland university california press berkeley ca isbn university california publication – folklore mythology study marcel grubenmann lisa tralci silvesterchlausen wo da jahr zweimal beginnt appenzeller verlag herisau isbn margit thüler red feste im alpenraum schweiz österreich deutschland italien frankreich migrospresse zürich isbn buchgabe de migrosgenossenschaftsbundes appenzeller magazin januar – zdbid silvesterchlausen archived august wayback machine website appenzellerlandch silvesterchläuse läuten neues jahr ein srf journal january silvesterchlausen im appenzellerland documentary film obacht kultur da kulturblatt für appenzell ausserrhoden nr pdf mb contribution chlausen former day e spasschläuse joker