Blacks and Whites' Carnival
black white carnival spanish carnaval de negro blancos carnival public festival parade southern colombia established although geographical location belongs city pasto adopted municipality nariño southwestern colombia celebrated every year – january attracts considerable number colombian foreign tourist september unesco named carnival among masterpiece oral intangible heritage humanity black white carnival origin fusion multiple culture expression andes amazon pacific culture first celebrated th century distinguishes similar festival starting date performed distinctly indigenous origin coincides celebration moon quilla reminiscent ritual performed pasto quillacingas agrarian culture harvest time honored moon dance ritual prayed sun protect crop celebration fusion influence spanish culture gave rise hispanic religious syncretism whose expression eventually would become pasto carnival th century authority prohibited festivity avoid indigenous uprising around festivity reappeared indigenous people child mestizo masquerade mainly local people celebration duly framed religious calendar mainly festivity virgen de la mercedes virgin mercy september th immaculate conception mary december th time eve three king day game negritos little black also held festively spontaneously mainly white mestizo due low presence black population pasto festival contrasted extroversion community characterized peaceful taciturn life found day opportunity break established origin holiday black originating gran cauca region pasto belonged slave rebellion remedios antioquia caused panic among colonial authority event remembered large black population popayán demanded day rest could truly free preserve social peace spanish crown granted january purpose “the prince empty day black slaves” understanding relationship request many black slave said province come tell loud request paternally accepted empty day given entirely black january eve feast holy majesty venerating esteem holy majesty black king dated madrid “i prince”this news proclaimed popayán thus january declared day people colorthe black population capital cauca took street dance rhythm african music began paint famous white wall town black later custom spread south gaining unusual strength cold city pasto historian josé maría cordobés moure say already vestige played around genesis game negro configured blancos de pasto way first decade would pas blancos game important part carnival born dawn three king day january founded need express imagination play friendship share joy date revives life fine exclusive brothel city house robby lady located calle real current carrera daring group tailor famous tailoring shop owned ángel zarama among ángel maría lópez máximo erazo take take french compact one soughtafter lady proceeds spread powder womens perfume among present cry ¡vivan los blanquitos response already traditional game negro didnt take long master cutter companion become victim first participant game everyone would go street repeat joke unsuspecting parishioner leaving three king mass church san juan bautista repeating long live black long live white custody galeras inserted forever vigorously essence pastusos wasnt mids actual celebration acquired corpus merge instance date place giving urban inclusive style january senior student high school university nariño decided participate actively party choosing queen romelia martinez go street dressed carnival costume dancing regional music first real parade traditional epiphany white day january cavalcade hundred rider preparing cheer black white game concentrated near boyaca battalion three pm rider ready parade whole family arrived father mother two girl two boy three young men rode tired nag followed laborer herded mule charged trunk trying pig sheep disband people loaded lugging cage parrot monkey mention micapot father antioqueño settler traveling family spending many year east putumayo department decided leave jungle return civilized earth alfredo torres carlos martínez arellano madroñero parade organizer ordered two ride open countryside short lazy included tired traveler among cavalcade came east joyful unexpected encounter ignoring animated bumper placed center parade surrounded rider process promoting carnival head family greeted crowd witnessed passage ride historic shout echoed city viva la famila castañeda hurray castañeda family invention torres arellano worthy talent passed posterity new original sign joy settler people paraded happy excited street city unexpected passenger received cheer thousand pastusos along road square avenue capital nariño end parade member castañeda family asked new friend accompany hotel paris would stay hotel located calle real royal street stand zuchín building th carrera th th street version said castañeda family characterized comparsas january also cartoon bucheli ayerbe family one whose member julian bucheli ayerbe became first governor nariño break th century advent carnavalito childrens carnival parade castañeda family would become opening carnival decade watched structured carnival advent first heavy industry acquired presence prominence folk art particularly creative expression artisan represented monumental paper sculpture like mobile motorized scenario built truck famous float figure main float acquired movement thanks work master artisan alfonso zambrano began new era splendor time mayor pasto sometimes participation government nariño began take control organization festivity especially appropriation resource fund award best float extended soon comparsas murgas late search recruitment national international commercial orchestra started famous venezuelan los melódicos billos caracas boy ecuadorian medardo player year luis quenguan first cameraman made record film black white mm super mm carnival thanks mario fernando rodriguez arises bolivar neighborhood carnavalito childrens carnival autonomous party take least decade joining official program arrival panamerican highway greater inclusion pasto colombian economy carnival renewed presence new trend material handling new rhythm growing stream cultural advocated rediscovery quillacingas root following activism great parade white day time float filled figure reference various social demand pastusos anyway year first color footage parade january taken charge master luis quenguan multiplicity cultural trend around carnival yuppie style highlight need creating strong corporation assume planning organizing executing event planned institution involvement city pasto industrial commercial sector artisan course academic region decade population near pasto began assemble carnival ephemeral green carnival city ipiales carnival frontier durable redss carnival city buesaco predominant note throughout southwestern region colombia became widespread festivity coincided endofyear celebration took borrowed element popular black white carnival reality two attempt establish institution ensure preservation feast pasto effort mids start fruitful various sector involved didnt agree mayor pasto still managed festival special undersecretary office called carnival office office began concern loss identity black white carnival mainly massive introduction ecuadorian canned foam time upheaval massifies use traditional expression ¡viva pasto carajo hurray pasto carajo finally november law black white carnival declared cultural heritage nation colombian congress declaration took priority construction plaza carnival culture signaling senda del carnaval carnival path creation corpocarnaval carnival corporation entity private law associative mixed participation nonprofit common good providing adequate proper conduct carnival rescue transverse cultural playful expression urban context therefore one first task creation museo del carnaval carnival museum achievement new era began event characterized planning organization dissemination research modernization taking priority promotion culture addressing controversial issue like whether negotiate broadcast right radio television internet black white carnival officially included government plan municipality pasto managed autonomous office main project recognition accreditation international community agency unesco definitively introducing celebration globalized world intangible heritage humanity goal finally achieved september carnival includes four major stage carnavalito childrens carnival arrival castaneda family black day white day last one considered important grand parade however also precarnival activity recent year january th considered final day carnival celebration day guinea pig local tourist enjoy typical regional dish colombia yearend festivity include extended period starting december th celebration eve traditional feast immaculate conception mary day little candle continuing celebration traditional novena december catholic christmas tends extended feast epiphany january th festive time secular celebration fool day december new year eve december seen prelude black white carnival fool day december th water carnival december day holy innocent pastusos play water may considered prelude january holiday imitating carnival custom neighboring country ecuador carnival quito february march characterized use water fun initially day trick practical joke spread hoax unwary became questionable game water based desire tease surprise unsuspecting innocent pedestrian soaking completely custom fully accepted enjoyed especially average temperature city hardly exceeds °c °f although authority sought control ban wastewater practical solution combat phenomenon found empopasto pasto water company day used perform maintenance work two network cutting water supply throughout urban area municipality like big practical joke player moreover since late twentieth century advanced alternative activity seek provide public recreation culture without losing carnival sense december among innocent tour rainbow asphalt rainbow asphalt cultural ecological alternative water carnival collecting student initiative art department university nariño establishing proposed rainbow asphalt art imagination color chalk gray concrete inviting recover urban space regain sense carnival celebration precarnival general changed seek keep festive spirit art creating new attitude festival city new year eve puppet december december year pasto street filled doll puppet made old clothes paper sawdust formerly gunpowder represent old year end midnight burned ritual remote deep meaning earlier day kid go eager passersby money request alms old year please widow usually represented men transdressed dark veil aid request decent burial cremation deceased year midnight main event day crowd participation competition puppet paraded main street usually represent political allegory year dying leaf testament full irony summarizing shown relevance year city country creator best puppet receive cash prize thus ensuring healthy dignified spectacle winning design burned plaza del carnaval end day amid popular festivity usually organize municipal authority receive new year may fact time city begin invaded playful cathartic spirit near carnival starting banned sale christmas gunpowder city established decree april mayor pasto corpocarnaval entity authorized organize event firework welcome new year january added official day traditional carnival programing several new act tribute lady mercy virgin mercy lady mercy governess la ciudad sorpresa surprise city nickname pasto traditionally celebrated september receives offering flower serenade nearby farmer exchange blessing new year colony parade full representation community resident part region elsewhere country identity colony parade opportunity showcase symbol form part intrinsic character one pastorock pastorock event development alternative music blue rock en español pop funk ska heavy metal permanence event several year program encouraged emergence product combine rock traditional music inspiration giving birth new rhythm son sureño punk metal pastuso january rd day carnavalito began game child imitating elder recreating white day parade become event identity dynamic within black white festivity strong popular root support authority year ago morning day child parade minifloats designed developed initiation elaborating float street allegory time game changed parallel physical intellectual growth small artisan player adulthood participate great parade january th song earth choreographic collective recent evening parade also take place january tribute andino sense mother land ancestral memory large group musician dancer previously marched white day within float winner parade win right participate great parade end choreography brotherhood great concert latin american music liberty stadium traditional parade carnival pasto begin commemorating arrival castañeda family january stated historical tradition indicates celebrates arrival family colorful character came pasto el encano east country putumayo although fate unknown also suggested pilgrimage la lajas south department nariño case character family group represented recreated stop day cartoon family travel luggage kitchen utensil prepare food anywhere path usually represented picturesque characteristic thing including flamboyant grandmother daughter ready get married white visible sign pregnancy mischievous child usually characterized adult trouble nanny doesnt lack troupe burlesque girl usually men transdressed finally drunk priest parade miss country dance group ñapangas disguised authentic whose picture linked carnival general january th devoted black day day mark date african slave free indulge playful outburst people play dance street paint black using cosmetic cream made purpose also use polish siliconed black paint motto day ¡que vivan los negro hurray black tradition carnival queen travel city convoy handing cosmetic inviting vip tourist join game phrase ¡una pintica por favor little painting please used early day carnival importance day urban pastusos vented repressed desire since cosmetic serf like mask time homogenize social class ethnic group one great family settled slope taita urcunina throughout day many orchestra present various city park tradition adopted local medium radio tv devoted visiting various artisan workshop order discover figure decorate float white day great parade january city longer celebrates epiphany white day great parade contrast previous day date pastusos painted white generally talc fragrant used little flour cream cosmetic paint main attraction well popular festival square street city grand parade nearly km long path km running street downtown plaza del carnaval carnival plaza avenue periphery socalled senda del carnaval carnival path majority citizen thousand tourist visitor crowd street witness parade cheering throwing confetti streamer participant dancing traditional typical song famous guaneña el trompo sarandengue southern son chambú agualongo obligatory sandoná masterpiece bandsman jorge mideros also performed sayas generally unpublished andean composition premiere year motto day ¡que vivan los blancos hurray white recent year become inevitable hear exclamation ¡viva pasto carajo hurray pasto dan pronounced local well tourist great parade consists individual costume comparsas costumed group artist dancing traveling street murgas group several dozen musician minifloats x foot high moved hand traction bicycle float x foot long taken truck trailer troupe made tourist pay right way participating carry costume identifies carriage massive structure characterized large rolling allegorical figure caricature articulated movement forward deployed master alfonso zambrano design finishing complexity become true work art part parade led carnival queen float competition time build float artisan approximately month due complexity design motif well finished preparing float mask face shield used technique paper mache pasteboard recent year added use fiberglass thermoforming technique polymer light used preparation design motif characteristic arising popular imagery local myth social claim story part pastusa culture event culminates award participant parade local government corpocarnaval originality quality expression evaluated national panel expert sometimes international knowledge visual art ensure fairness winning float colorful representative carnival day devoted remate finish carnival celebration cuys day guinea pig day local tourist delight typical dish region also many visit near guamuez lake obonuco catambuco rural fair term carnival cultores neologism link term culture actor identifying mainly traditional carnival artisan also extending people participating parade modality word artisan traditionally used describe creator float excluding family partner involved preparation figure great parade people prefer use cultores carnival artist instead inclusive emphasize professional artistic value work creating float carnival cultores organized two major association asoarca caminantes del carnaval carnival walker first one comprises mainly float creator second walking participant costume carnival colombia festival colombia masterpiece oral intangible heritage humanity unesco intangible cultural heritage list afrocolombian day colombia carnival carnaval de negro blancos de san juan de pasto spanish – official corpocarnaval web site black white carnival pasto largest meeting race colombia colombian official tourism portal los carnavales de pasto spanish black white carnival picture picasa