People's Olympiad
people olympiad catalan olimpíada popular spanish olimpiada popular planned international multisport event intended take place barcelona catalonia within spanish republic conceived protest event summer olympics held berlin control nazi party despite gaining support athlete significantly soviet union communist international organization people olympiad never held result outbreak spanish civil war fiftysix year later barcelona hosted summer olympics people olympiad first ever global attempt boycott modern olympics international olympic committee selected berlin capital weimar republic host summer olympics th ioc session barcelona berlin defeated barcelona also vying host game vote year spain adopted republican constitution king alfonso xiii going exile catalonia recognized autonomous region within spanish republic following general election spain catalonia propeoples sport committee catalan comitè català proesport popular ccpep supported government catalonia well newly elected spanish popular front government advocated boycott spain berlin olympics nazi germany organization alternative game barcelona invitation made many different country planned use hotel built barcelona international exposition olympicstyle village game scheduled held july would therefore ended six day prior start berlin game addition usual sporting event barcelona game would also featured chess folkdancing music theatre total athlete nation registered game largest contingent athlete came united state united kingdom netherlands belgium czechoslovakia denmark norway sweden french algeria also team germany italy made political exile country team representing jewish exile alsace catalonia host galicia basque country also registered soviet union rule joseph stalin holding version olympics known spartakiad organised red sport international despite soviet agreed attend barcelona competition many athlete sent trade union worker club association socialist communist party leftwing group rather statesponsored committee italian german jew proposed opening ceremony olympiad included parade exiled jew europe well people north africa colonization representing state stateless nation song composed hanns eisler exiled leftwing german jew whose lyric would written josep maria de sagarra catalan poet would play background ceremony woman would allowed compete game international olympic committee time berlin olympic villagelike complex available due time shortness – three month – plan olympiad result athlete first stay hotel hostel reassigned hotel olympic unforeseen greater visiting audience game forced catalan government try find lodging athlete rush outbreak spanish civil war game begin alternate game hastily cancelled athlete never made barcelona border closed many city beginning game made hasty exit however least athlete clara thalmann remained spain joined worker militia organized defend second spanish republic nationalist wide gate – upton sinclair novel starting barcelona international worker olympiad spartakiad game new emerging force liberty bell classic friendship game goodwill game summer olympics stout james popular front barcelona popular olympics singapore palgrave macmillan doi isbn oclc scid chapter six berlin game – hitler stole olympic dream guy walter isbn uk usa gounot andré caritey benoît jallat denis ed lolympiade populaire de barcelone entre nationalisme catalan « esprit olympique » et internationalisme prolétarien histoire french rennes press universitaires de rennes pp – isbn retrieved cite book work ignored help document people olympiad trabajadores spanish civil war eye organised labour digitised collection page document archive british trade union congress held modern record centre university warwick