Actia
actia ancient greek ἄκτια festival apollo actius celebrated nicopolis epirus wrestling musical contest horse racing sea battle reestablished augustus commemoration victory mark antony actium bc probably revival ancient festival suggested celebrated temple apollo actium mentioned thucydides strabo enlarged augustus game instituted augustus celebrated every five year πενταετηρίς ludi quinquennales received title sacred agon also called olympia ranked next four great game greece actia also celebrated time rome order senate also celebrated part roman empire ancient stadium located socalled proasteion sacred grove graecoroman city nikopolis together nearby gymnasium theatre hippodrome location famous actian game game featured athletic equestrian musical event first held bce celebrate victory first roman emperor augustus adversary marc antony egyptian wife cleopatra held every four year midrd century ce dating city foundation ancient stadium nikopolis two semicircular end sphendones typical amphitheatre type use first year principate stadium ancient laodikeia near pamukkale turkey aphrodisia geyre turkey similar architecture north side stadium must held capacity least spectator built side hill artificial deposit used side wall made rubble core faced several course brick west side stadium three apsidal entrance leading gymnasium central one larger others entrance sphendone east led theatre nearby sphendone south side residential room facility athlete spectator inn shop lodging etc local call stadium karavi meaning ship course relates structure shape archaeological investigation still regularly undertaken around stadium today smith william ed actia dictionary greek roman antiquity london john murray