FILE - In this Wednesday, March 27, 1996 file photo, United Nations Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali listens to a question during a press conference in Beijing following two days of meetings with... (Associated Press) 
 
 FILE - In this Wednesday, March 27, 1996 file photo, United Nations Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali listens to a question during a press conference in Beijing following two days of meetings with Chinese leaders. he U.N. Security Council has announced on Tuesday, Feb. 16, 2016 the death of former... (Associated Press) 
 
 CAIRO (AP) — Boutros Boutros-Ghali, a veteran Egyptian diplomat who helped negotiate his country's landmark peace deal with Israel but then clashed with the United States when he served a single term as U.N. secretary-general, has died. He was 93. 
 
 Boutros-Ghali, the scion of a prominent Egyptian Christian political family, was the first U.N. chief from the African continent. He stepped into the post in 1992 at a time of dramatic world changes, with the collapse of the Soviet Union, the end of the Cold War and the beginning of a unipolar era dominated by the United States. 
 
 But after four years of frictions with the Clinton administration, the United States blocked his renewal in the post in 1996, making him the only U.N. secretary-general to serve a single term. He was replaced by Ghanaian Kofi Annan. 
 
 The current president of the U.N. Security Council, Venezuelan Ambassador Rafael Ramirez, announced Boutros-Ghali's death at the start of a session Tuesday on Yemen's humanitarian crisis. The 15 council members stood in a silent tribute. 
 
 Boutros-Ghhali died Tuesday at a Cairo hospital, Egypt's state news agency said. He had been admitted to the hospital after suffering a broken pelvis, the Al-Ahram newspaper reported on Thursday. 
 
 Boutros-Ghali's five years in the United Nations remain controversial. Some see him as seeking to establish the U.N.'s independence from the world superpower, the United States. Others blame him for misjudgments in the failures to prevent genocides in Africa and the Balkans and mismanagement of reform in the world body. 
 
 In his farewell speech to the U.N., Boutros-Ghali said he had thought when he took the post that the time was right for the United Nations to play an effective role in a world no longer divided into warring Cold War camps. 
 
 "But the middle years of this half decade were deeply troubled," he said. "Disillusion set in." 
 
 In a 2005 interview with The Associated Press, Boutros-Ghali called the 1994 massacre in Rwanda — in which half a million Tutsis and moderate Hutus were killed in 100 days — "my worst failure at the United Nations." 
 
 But he blamed the United States, Britain, France and Belgium for paralyzing action by setting impossible conditions for intervention. Then-U.S. President Bill Clinton and other world leaders were opposed to taking strong action to beef up U.N. peacekeepers in the tiny Central African nation or intervening to stop the massacres. 
 
 "The concept of peacekeeping was turned on its head and worsened by the serious gap between mandates and resources," he told AP. 
 
 Boutros-Ghali also came under fire for the July 1995 Serb slaughter of 8,000 Muslims in the U.N.-declared "safe zone" of Srebrenica in eastern Bosnia just before the end of the war. 
 
 In 1999, families of the victims listed Boutros-Ghali as one of the international officials they wanted to sue for responsibility in the deaths. 
 
 His legacy was also stained in investigations into corruption in the U.N. oil-for-food program for Iraq, which he played a large role in creating. Three suspects in the probe were linked to Boutros-Ghali either by family relationship or friendship. 
 
 His cousin, Fakhry Abdelnour, is the head of an oil company called AMEP, which was accused of getting oil concessions through the executive director of the oil-for-food program, Benon Sevan. 
 
 Boutros-Ghali frequently took vocal stances that angered the Clinton administration — such as his strong criticism of Israel after the 1996 shelling of U.N. camp in Lebanon that killed some 100 refugees. 
 
 In writings after leaving the U.N., he accused Washington of using the world body for its own political purposes and said U.S. officials often tried to directly control his actions. 
 
 He wrote in his 1999 book "Unvanquished" that he "mistakenly assumed that the great powers, especially the United States, also trained their representatives in diplomacy and accepted the value of it. But the Roman Empire had no need for diplomacy. Neither does the United States." 
 
 His opponents, in turn, accused him of being too sluggish in pushing U.N. reforms. Boutros-Ghali blamed slowness in reform on the lack of money and pointed out that the United States was $1.4 billion in arrears on payments. 
 
 Noted for his dignified bearing and Old World style, Boutros-Ghali was the son of one of Egypt's most important Coptic Christian families. His grandfather, Boutros Ghali Pasha, was Egypt's prime minister from 1908 to 1910. 
 
 Born Nov. 14, 1922, Boutros-Ghali studied in Cairo and Paris and became an academic, specialized in international law. 
 
 In 1977, then-Egyptian President Anwar Sadat named him minister of state without portfolio, shortly before Sadat's landmark visit to Israel to launch peace negotiations. 
 
 Sadat's rapprochement with Israel brought harsh criticism from across Egypt's political spectrum. His foreign minister, Ismail Fahmi, resigned in protest at normalization with Israel. So Sadat turned to Boutros-Ghali, naming him acting foreign minister and minister of state for foreign affairs. 
 
 Boutros-Ghali played a major role in subsequent negotiations that produced the Camp David peace framework agreements in September 1978 and the Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty in March 1979, the first such between an Arab state and Israel. 
 
 Israelis considered Boutros-Ghali a hawkish negotiator. But he also staunchly defended Egypt's peace efforts against fierce Arab opposition. At one African summit, he sharply retorted to Algerian criticism, saying, "Algeria wants to fight Israel to the last Egyptian soldier." 
 
 President Hosni Mubarak, who succeeded Sadat in October 1981, kept Boutros-Ghali in the same post. But Boutros-Ghlai was never promoted to the post of foreign minister because it was considered too controversial to have a Christian in the key post of a Muslim majority country. 
 
 After leaving the United Nations, Boutros-Ghali served from 1998 to 2002 as secretary-general of La Francophonie — a grouping of French-speaking nations. In 2004, he was named the president of Egypt's new human rights council, a body created by Mubarak amid U.S. pressure on Arab nations to adopt political and democratic reforms. 
 
 He was married to Lea, an Egyptian Jew. They have no children. 

 Former U.N. Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali, a veteran Egyptian diplomat who helped negotiate his country's landmark peace deal with Israel but then clashed with the United States when he served a single term as U.N. secretary-general, died Tuesday, the U.N. Security Council announced. 
 
 Boutros-Ghali, who was 93, died in a Cairo hospital, Egyptian media reported. 
 
 The Egyptian served one five-year term as U.N. chief between 1992 and 1996. The Security Council held a one-minute moment of silence Tuesday after his death was announced by Venezuela's U.N. Ambassador Rafael Ramirez, the current council president, Reuters reports. 
 
 Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi reportedly called Boutros-Ghali on Thursday to thank him for his work on behalf of Egypt and to wish him a speedy recovery. 
 
 As Egypt's Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, Boutros Boutros-Ghali was one of the architects of the Camp David Accords that led to peace between Egypt and Israel. A Coptic Christian, he incurred wrath from Arab nationalists and Islamists for his policies. 
 
 Boutros-Ghali served as United Nations Secretary General from 1992 to 1996, a time of great upheaval from the break-ups of the former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia to the Rwandan genocide. The Clinton administration vetoed Boutrous-Ghali's attempt at a second term, a move the former Secretary-General blamed in his autobiography on friction with the U.S. over NATO bombing of Serbs and U.N. reform. These differences became debate topics during the 1996 U.S. presidential election. 
 
 He was the first U.N. chief from the African continent, and the only secretary-general to serve a single term. He was replaced by Ghanaian Kofi Annan. 
 
 Boutros-Ghali was admitted to a Cairo hospital after suffering a broken pelvis, the Al-Ahram newspaper reported on Thursday. 
 
 Boutros-Ghali's five years in the United Nations remain controversial. Some see him as seeking to establish the U.N.'s independence from the world superpower, the United States. Others blame him for misjudgments in the failures to prevent genocides and mismanagement of reform in the world body. 
 
 In his farewell speech to the U.N., Boutros-Ghali said he had thought when he took the post that the time was right for the United Nations to play an effective role in a world no longer divided into warring Cold War camps. 
 
 "But the middle years of this half decade were deeply troubled," he said. "Disillusion set in." 
 
 In a 2005 interview with The Associated Press, Boutros-Ghali called the 1994 massacre in Rwanda -- in which half a million Tutsis and moderate Hutus were killed in 100 days -- "my worst failure at the United Nations." 
 
 But he blamed the United States, Britain, France and Belgium for paralyzing action by setting impossible conditions for intervention. Clinton and other world leaders were opposed to taking strong action to beef up U.N. peacekeepers in the tiny Central African nation or intervening to stop the massacres. 
 
 "The concept of peacekeeping was turned on its head and worsened by the serious gap between mandates and resources," he told the AP. 
 
 Boutros-Ghali also came under fire for the July 1995 Serb slaughter of 8,000 Muslims in the U.N.-declared "safe zone" of Srebrenica in eastern Bosnia just before the end of the war. 
 
 In 1999, families of the victims listed Boutros-Ghali as one of the international officials they wanted to sue for responsibility in the deaths. 
 
 His legacy was also stained in investigations into corruption in the U.N. oil-for-food program for Iraq, which he played a large role in creating. Three suspects in the probe were linked to Boutros-Ghali either by family relationship or friendship. 
 
 His cousin, Fakhry Abdelnour, is the head of an oil company called AMEP, which was accused of getting oil concessions through the executive director of the oil-for-food program, Benon Sevan. 
 
 Boutros-Ghali frequently took vocal stances that angered the Clinton administration -- such as his strong criticism of Israel after the 1996 shelling of U.N. camp in Lebanon that killed some 100 refugees. 
 
 In writings after leaving the U.N., he accused Washington of using the world body for its own political purposes and said U.S. officials often tried to directly control his actions. 
 
 He wrote in his 1999 book "Unvanquished" that he "mistakenly assumed that the great powers, especially the United States, also trained their representatives in diplomacy and accepted the value of it. But the Roman Empire had no need for diplomacy. Neither does the United States." 
 
 His opponents, in turn, accused him of being too sluggish in pushing U.N. reforms. Boutros-Ghali blamed slowness in reform on the lack of money and pointed out that the United States was $1.4 billion in arrears on payments. 
 
 Noted for his dignified bearing and Old World style, Boutros-Ghali was the son of one of Egypt's most important Coptic Christian families. His grandfather, Boutros Ghali Pasha, was Egypt's prime minister from 1908 to 1910. 
 
 Born Nov. 14, 1922, Boutros-Ghali studied in Cairo and Paris and became an academic, specialized in international law. 
 
 In 1977, then-Egyptian President Anwar Sadat named him minister of state without portfolio, shortly before Sadat's landmark visit to Israel to launch peace negotiations. 
 
 Sadat's rapprochement with Israel brought harsh criticism from across Egypt's political spectrum. His foreign minister, Ismail Fahmi, resigned in protest at normalization with Israel. So Sadat turned to Boutros-Ghali, naming him acting foreign minister and minister of state for foreign affairs. 
 
 Boutros-Ghali played a major role in subsequent negotiations that produced the Camp David peace framework agreements in September 1978 and the Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty in March 1979, the first such between an Arab state and Israel. 
 
 Israelis considered Boutros-Ghali a hawkish negotiator. But he also staunchly defended Egypt's peace efforts against fierce Arab opposition. At one African summit, he sharply retorted to Algerian criticism, saying, "Algeria wants to fight Israel to the last Egyptian soldier." 
 
 President Hosni Mubarak, who succeeded Sadat in October 1981, kept Boutros-Ghali in the same post. But Boutros-Ghlai was never promoted to the post of foreign minister because it was considered too controversial to have a Christian in the key post of a Muslim majority country. 
 
 After leaving the United Nations, Boutros-Ghali served from 1998 to 2002 as secretary-general of La Francophonie -- a grouping of French-speaking nations. In 2004, he was named the president of Egypt's new human rights council, a body created by Mubarak amid U.S. pressure on Arab nations to adopt political and democratic reforms. 
 
 He was married to Lea, an Egyptian Jew. They had no children. 
 
 Fox News' Jonathan Wachtel and The Associated Press contributed to this report. 

 Image copyright AFP Image caption Boutros Boutros-Ghali led the UN between 1992 and 1996 
 
 Boutros Boutros-Ghali, the former UN secretary general , has died aged 93, the UN Security Council has said. 
 
 He died at a Cairo hospital on Tuesday, Egypt's state news agency said, after being admitted with a broken pelvis. 
 
 He took office in 1992 at a time of growing influence for the UN following its decisive role in the Gulf War, serving one five-year term. 
 
 However, he faced criticism for the UN's failure to stop the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. 
 
 Washington was angered by his opposition to NATO's bombing campaign in Bosnia. 
 
 The 15-member Security Council observed a minute's silence after the announcement of Mr Boutros-Ghali's death, which was made at the start of a session on Yemen's humanitarian crisis. 
 
 No further details on his death were immediately available. 
 
 Mr Boutros-Ghali had received a phone call from Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi last Thursday, after being admitted to hospital, Egyptian press reported. 
 
 Diplomacy and deception - Nick Bryant, New York and UN correspondent 
 
 Boutros Boutros-Ghali was the first Arab to serve as UN Secretary General, but also the first to serve only one term in the post. His five years were dogged by controversy. During the Rwandan genocide in 1994, he was criticised for the UN's failure to prevent the massacre. His opposition to NATO's bombing campaign in Bosnia also angered Washington, and contributed to his ousting. 
 
 The US wielded its veto when Boutros-Ghali sought a second term, which he regarded as a personal betrayal. Madeleine Albright, the US Ambassador to the UN at time, wore a "friendly smile" and repeated "expressions of friendship and admiration," he claimed in his memoir. 
 
 But behind his back she tarnished his image and demolished his authority. His treatment brought to mind the words of a Hindu scholar: "There is no difference between diplomacy and deception." 
 
 In terms of a positive legacy, Ban Ki-moon, his successor as UN chief, praised the dramatic rise of blue-helmeted peacekeeping on his watch. In a landmark report entitled Agenda for Peace, Boutros-Ghali also emphasised the importance of post-conflict peace-building, which informs a lot of UN thinking to this day. 
 
 But perhaps his biggest diplomatic accomplishment pre-dates his time as UN Secretary General. Serving as Egypt's foreign minister under President Anwar el-Sadat, he played a key role in negotiating the Camp David agreement brokered by the US president Jimmy Carter. 
 
 A former Egyptian foreign minister, Mr Boutros-Ghali led the world body during one of its most difficult times, with crises in Somalia, Rwanda, the Middle East and the former Yugoslavia. 
 
 His five years in office were clouded by controversy, especially about perceived UN inaction over the 1994 Rwandan genocide and Angolan civil war of the 1990s. 
 
 To some, he was an effective diplomat who was caught in a rift between the UN and the United States. Others, most notably in Washington, saw him as a symbol of all that was wrong with the organisation. 
 
 He was often jeered, and often waded into crowds to confront protesters when security guards permitted. "I am used to fundamentalists in Egypt arguing with me," he told Reuters. 
 
 He shocked many in Sarajevo when he said he was not trying to belittle the horrors in Bosnia but that there were other countries where the "total dead was greater than here". 
 
 Image copyright Reuters Image caption Boutros Boutros-Ghali with Bill Clinton in 1996 
 
 Image copyright AFP Image caption With Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat in 1996 
 
 Image copyright Reuters Image caption With French President Jacques Chirac in 1997 
 
 Mr Boutros-Ghali was born on 14 November 1922 into a Coptic Christian family in Cairo, and educated at Cairo University and in Paris, where he established a lifelong connection with France. 
 
 He went on to study international relations at Columbia University in New York and became Egypt's foreign minister in 1977, under president Anwar al-Sadat. 
 
 After leaving the UN, Mr Boutros-Ghali served from 1998 to 2002 as secretary general of La Francophonie - a grouping of French-speaking nations. 
 
 In 2004, he was named the president of Egypt's new human rights council, a body created by then-Egyptian leader Hosni Mubarak amid US pressure on Arab nations for democratic reform. 

 The scion of a politically active Coptic Christian family, he accompanied Mr. Sadat on his historic olive-branch mission to Jerusalem in 1977, then played a pivotal role in the Camp David accords. He was at the White House when Mr. Sadat, Prime Minister Menachem Begin of Israel and President Jimmy Carter signed the 1979 treaty ending a 31-year state of war between Egypt and Israel, a breakthrough in the history of the Middle East conflict. 
 
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 There were doubts among diplomats about Mr. Boutros-Ghali. Was he, at 69, too old for a five-year term? Could an Egyptian Arab who had favored a Palestinian state be evenhanded in the Middle East? He went out of his way to reassure Israel, and Arab and African endorsements helped overcome the first President George Bush’s misgivings. 
 
 Strong-willed and independent, Mr. Boutros-Ghali took the helm determined to subdue aggression and pursue peace after the fall of Soviet Communism and a relaxation of East-West tensions that had long hamstrung the United Nations. He also resolved to attack the organization’s bloated bureaucracy and chronic money problems. 
 
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 But he faced daunting tasks. Civil wars in Somalia and the secessionist states of Yugoslavia had already begun. Murderous conflicts between Hutus and Tutsis were hurtling toward genocide in Rwanda. And 60,000 United Nations peacekeepers were already thinly posted in a dozen trouble spots, including Cambodia, El Salvador, Angola and Mozambique. 
 
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 Mr. Boutros-Ghali’s relations with the incoming Clinton administration were soured almost from the start in 1993 by foreign policy differences, political infighting and frictions between him and Secretary of State Warren Christopher and Madeleine K. Albright, who was Washington’s representative at the United Nations before succeeding Mr. Christopher at the State Department. 
 
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 In his memoir, “Unvanquished: A U.S.-U.N. Saga” (1999), Mr. Boutros-Ghali said the Americans had told him where not to travel, whom to avoid meeting and what to say and not say in speeches, and also to avoid ruffling President Bill Clinton, whom he regarded as thin-skinned and indecisive, and to stay away from Congress and soft-pedal talk of America’s $1.3 billion debt to the United Nations. 
 
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 Even more than money, the United Nations needed American support for peacekeeping operations. But Mr. Boutros-Ghali said he had often been rebuffed when he tried to see the president and other officials to discuss what he called an “utterly confused” American foreign policy. 
 
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 Mr. Clinton had taken office trumpeting enthusiasm for multinational humanitarian and peacekeeping operations. But a disaster in Somalia shocked the administration into a policy reversal, and it shied away from future interventions, especially in Africa. 
 
 American troops had entered Somalia in 1992 as part of a United Nations mission to feed starving victims of internal chaos. But when 18 Army Rangers were slain by warlord forces in 1993, and America saw searing images of a dead helicopter pilot dragged through the streets of Mogadishu, the United States withdrew its forces and retreated from risky United Nations missions, humanitarian or military. 
 
 Thus America, like most other member states, tragically refrained from assisting a small, overwhelmed force of United Nations peacekeepers when Rwanda descended into genocidal slaughter and rape in 1994. Estimates varied widely, but the Rwandan government said 1.17 million people had been killed in 100 days. Mr. Clinton apologized years later for America’s inaction. 
 
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 Mr. Boutros-Ghali’s frustration over the Clinton administration’s pattern of voting for tough Security Council resolutions, and then refusing to support the actions on the ground, had its paradigm in the civil war that raged from 1992 to 1995 in the former Yugoslavia, a conflict precipitated by the secession of Croatia, Slovenia, Macedonia and Bosnia and fueled by a tinderbox of ethnic, religious and regional differences. 
 
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 Massacres, rapes, displacement of populations and other atrocities ensued, many in “ethnic cleansing” campaigns against Muslims. The Security Council deplored the violence, but its peacekeepers in Bosnia — Mr. Boutros-Ghali wanted 35,000, but got 8,000 — were wholly inadequate to subdue the fighting. 
 
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 Aside from some airstrikes against Serbs, which the peacekeepers opposed even after Serb forces slaughtered unarmed Muslims at Srebrenica and other cities, the United States also did not substantively intervene militarily, although the Bosnian conflict was eventually mediated by the Clinton administration. 
 
 While he had said early on that he would not seek a second term as secretary general, Mr. Boutros-Ghali ran again. Late in 1996, the Security Council voted overwhelmingly to give him another term. But Ms. Albright, in her last days as the American delegate, cast a decisive veto as one of the five permanent Council members. Mr. Boutros-Ghali thus became the only secretary general denied a second term. 
 
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 The Clinton administration insisted that its decision arose from policy differences with Mr. Boutros-Ghali, not personal animosity or politics. White House officials called him an ineffective reformer whose mere presence was impeding efforts to get Congress to pay America’s debt to the United Nations. 
 
 But Mr. Boutros-Ghali regarded the veto as an assault on his record and integrity. In “Unvanquished,” he portrayed himself as a dedicated civil servant hounded out of office by Mr. Clinton for election-year political gain. 
 
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 He said the president had done so to undermine an accusation by Senator Bob Dole, the Republican presidential nominee, that the administration had effectively put the United Nations in charge of the American military by giving the secretary general veto power over airstrikes against Serbs in Bosnia. 
 
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 The General Assembly gave the departing secretary general a standing ovation as it ushered in his successor, Kofi Annan of Ghana. But a frustrated Mr. Boutros-Ghali, in a farewell rebuke, chided member states for failing to deal with disasters in Somalia, Rwanda and Bosnia. 
 
 “The concept of peacekeeping was turned on its head,” he said, “and worsened by the serious gap between mandates and resources.” 
 
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 Boutros Boutros-Ghali was born in Cairo on Nov. 14, 1922. His father had been finance minister, and his grandfather, a prime minister under the British, was assassinated in 1910. 
 
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 Like his family, he represented the cosmopolitan class in Egypt between the wars that was immortalized in Lawrence Durrell’s “Alexandria Quartet” novels. Indeed, some said he was the model for Nessim Hosnani, the Coptic financier of that tale. 
 
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 He earned a law degree from Cairo University in 1946 and a doctorate in international law from the University of Paris in 1949. He was a Fulbright scholar at Columbia University in 1954-55. For many years he was a professor at Cairo University, led its political science department and lectured around the world in Arabic, French and English. 
 
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 In 1977, when Mr. Sadat decided to go to Jerusalem, his foreign minister, Ismail Fahmy, resigned in protest, as did another cabinet member, the minister of state for foreign affairs, Mohammed Riad, reflecting opposition to the overture in Egypt’s dominant Muslim majority and in the Arab world. In Mr. Riad’s place for the trip, Mr. Sadat named Mr. Boutros-Ghali. He had never held office but was known to support peaceful coexistence with Israel, and Mr. Sadat regarded his Coptic origins, reputation for fairness and marriage to an Alexandrian Jew, Leia Nadler, as potential assets in Jerusalem. 
 
 The three-day visit went well for Mr. Sadat, but not for Mr. Boutros-Ghali. A lean, slightly built man with glasses and an intense expression, he often looked awkward and ill prepared in the glare of klieg lights, addressing world news media in the unfamiliar role of government spokesman — a remarkable flop for a confident, fastidiously groomed, well-organized scholar with cool manners and a self-effacing wit. 
 
 But he was back to normal for the 1978 Camp David talks. While Mr. Sadat was the prime mover on the Egyptian side, observers said Mr. Boutros-Ghali argued cogently if unsuccessfully for a Palestinian state and a withdrawal of Israeli forces from the West Bank and Gaza Strip. But the negotiations secured peace and Mr. Sadat’s primary objective: the return of the Sinai Peninsula, seized by Israel in the 1967 war. 
 
 In his memoir of the period, “Egypt’s Road to Jerusalem” (1997), Mr. Boutros-Ghali said he had often been frustrated at being excluded from Mr. Sadat’s inner circle and critical policy decisions and had disagreed with many of them. He said he had warned Mr. Sadat about Egypt’s growing isolation in the third world over the rapprochement with Israel, but eventually became convinced that retrieving the Sinai was worth it. 
 
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 Mr. Boutros-Ghali joined the Mubarak government after Mr. Sadat’s assassination in 1981, focusing on foreign affairs. Besides pressing Israel to withdraw from occupied territories, he helped settle political and ecological disputes in Africa and in 1990 helped negotiate the release of Nelson Mandela, South Africa’s imprisoned black leader. 
 
 When Javier Pérez de Cuéllar of Peru decided to retire as secretary general in 1991, Mr. Boutros-Ghali broke tradition and campaigned for the job. Three Europeans, an Asian and a Latin American had held it, and it seemed Africa’s turn. Secretaries general are invariably compromise candidates, all but unknown to the world until their elections, and African and Arab support proved critical for Mr. Boutros-Ghali. 
 
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 After his term, he was secretary general of La Francophonie, an organization of French-speaking countries, from 1997 to 2002. He then served three years as chairman of South Centre, which conducts research for developing nations.
– The first Arab and African to hold the UN's top position has died. Egyptian Boutros Boutros-Ghali, who served as the UN's secretary general from 1992 to 1996, died Tuesday at a Cairo hospital where he was admitted last week with a broken pelvis, Egypt's state news agency reports, per the AP. He was 93. The president of the UN Security Council confirmed his death during a session Tuesday; all 15 council members honored Boutros-Ghali by standing for a minute of silence. Boutros-Ghali—who helped broker Egypt's 1979 peace deal with Israel while minister of state for foreign affairs—is the only UN secretary-general to serve a single term. After clashing with the Clinton administration—including over Israel's shelling of a UN camp in Lebanon—the US blocked his renewal in 1996. He later said Washington used the UN for its own aims. "The Roman Empire had no need for diplomacy. Neither does the United States," Boutros-Ghali wrote in his 1999 book Unvanquished. In 2005, he said the 1994 genocide in Rwanda was "my worst failure at the United Nations," though he blamed the US, Britain, France, and Belgium for making intervention impossible. He was also criticized for the 1995 massacre in Srebrenica—though the New York Times reports he got only a fraction of the peacekeepers he wanted in Bosnia—and for corruption in the UN's oil-for-food program for Iraq. Boutros-Ghali went on to serve as secretary general of La Francophonie from 1998 to 2002, per the BBC. In 2004, he was named president of Egypt's human rights council. Fox News reports Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi phoned Boutros-Ghali on Thursday to thank him for his service to Egypt and wish him a fast recovery.