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Panhala Fort Home > Maharashtra > Attractions > Forts > Panhala Fort
Panhala Fort
Panhala Fort is also known as Pahalla, Panhalgad, and Panalla Fort. It literally means 'the home of Serpents'. This fort is one of the most amazingly built forts which are located in Maharashtra, the land of Marathas. Panhala Fort is situated in the Panhala town which is almost 20 km away from the infamous city Kolhapur in Maharashtra, India. It is tactically situated as if making a check over the passes in mountain ranges of the Sahyadri that was a chief route of trading from Bijapur to the nearby coastal areas in the core of Maharashtra. Due to such a tactful location, this fort, over the time, became witness as well as a part of various battles in Deccan area that involved the Mughals, Marathas as well as East India Company. The most impeccable skirmish is considered the battle of Pavan Khind. It is said that various parts of this fort are still intact.
The Panhala Fort has got a long list of historical events associated with it yet the most famous always remain the battle of Pavan Khind which involved Shivaji, the famous Maratha warrior. As per traditions, this fort was constructed between 1178 and 1209 and was built by Bhoja II who was the king of Shilahara. From there, the fort got into hands of many kings who fought and won over this fort but during this time, the fort faced less destruction since it was well looked by majority of chiefs till it was taken over by the Shivaji in 1659 after the death of Afzul Khan, the general of Bijapur.
Architecture of Fort
The Panhala Fort is a beautiful example of ancient artistic skills. This fort is one of the biggest forts in the Deccan area. The fort is at an average height of 845 m from mean sea level. The architecture of Panhala Fort is inspired and based on Bijapuri style having the peacock design of infamous Bahmani Sultanate and is significantly visible on numerous structures. The fort has got several underground tunnels some of which are still intact. There are quite a few historical monuments at Panhala fort that have been considered prominent by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).
Attractions within the Fort
Panhala Fort has numerous attractions to be enjoyed in it. These are -
Fortifications – This section has almost 7 km of Fortifications that ardently defines the triangular zone of the fort.
Ambarkhana - The Ambarkhana, located in the middle of fort, were 3 granaries constructed in the Bijapuri approach in terms of architecture.
Andhar Bavadi - This is a 3 storey construction equipped with various winding staircases that artistically cover up the well. This well used to be the chief source of water for the fort.
Dharma Kothi – It is a remarkable stone building which is 55*48*35 feet in measurements.
Rajdindi Bastion – This bastion was built for emergency exists and was used by Shivaji during the battle of Pavan Khind to escape to Vishalgad.
Wagh Darwaza & Teen Darwaza – These were two of the 3 double fort gateways along with the Char Darwaza.
Temples – The fort has historical acclaimed temples which are a must watch. These are dedicated to Mahakali, Someshwar, Sambhaji II and Ambabai.
Mausoleums - The mausoleum of Jijabai is situated in the fort which lies opposite to mausoleum of Sambhaji II, her husband.
Panhala bus stand is well connected to all major cities in India via government operated buses.
The closest railway station to Panhala is the Kolhapur railways station at a distance of 30 km from the Panhala. From there, taxis and tourist cabs are easily available to reach to the fort.
The nearest airport at Panhala is the Kolhapur airport which is at a distance of 35 km from the fort. A taxi or bus is easily available from there to reach the fort. The second nearest is Mumbai airport which is almost 419 km away.
The best time to visit Panhala Fort is all year round since the Panhala offers a benign ambience all year round. It is perfect for those who love rains since during rains it offers extreme greenery with pictorial views. During summers and winters, the atmosphere is quite pleasant to visit so the fort can be visited all year round.
You can visit the fort everyday during day time. It is closed at evening.
Entry Charges
There are no entry charges at Panhala Fort. It is free of cost to visit for tourists.
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FSN Ohio announced today its Cavaliers broadcast schedule for the 2008-09 season. FSN Ohio will broadcast seventy regular season games starting with the home opener. Out of the seventy games, sixty five games will be in High Definition.
Austin Carr will be the color analyst along with play-by-play man Fred McLeod.


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Feb. 20, 1997-Nov. 9, 2010 Forever in my heart and always connected by a strand of angel hair!
Over thirty years ago, I fell in love with the golden retriever breed. I've been a dog lover for as long as I can remember, but I was never able to have a dog as I grew up. I seized the chance after I was married. My only criteria for my first dog was that it had to have natural ears and a tail. I found a picture of a golden retriever in a book and knew instantly that I found my breed! I've come a long ways since then! Now I want a golden that can do it all and look good at the same time!
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The discipline of my practice also stimulates me to be more focused in my life. I think this happens because it literally exercises this faculty in my brain. Although anytime is good, I prefer to practice Qigong in the morning, it is a wonderful way to wake up.
I am also a Dream Researcher. Currently I am working on a project where I am interviewing Elders about the traditional use of dreams in the Iberian Peninsula (Andorra, Portugal, Spain). During the summer of 2014, I will be circumnavigating the Iberian Peninsula on the pilgrimage trail known as the The Way of St. James (El Camino de Santiago). I will be talking to people about dreams and teaching Qigong! What could be more fun?
In the future I would like to carry out a research project investigating brainwave changes while practitioners practice Qigong.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Twitter's actions raise First Amendment questions
Devan Markham, Adrienne Bankert
(NewsNation) — The fourth installment of the "Twitter Files," an initiative backed by Twitter CEO Elon Musk to shed light on "free speech suppression," was released by author Michael Shellenberger on Saturday night.
The latest portion of uncovered information focused on employees' reactions to the Jan. 6 attack on the U.S. Capitol, leading up to the ban of former President Donald Trump.
Former New Jersey Superior Court Judge Andrew Napolitano explained on "Morning in America" that what Twitter has done isn't technically illegal unless the social media giant made decisions influenced by the government.
"So even though it (First Amendment) says Congress shall make no law today, that means that no government shall make any law or do anything that infringes upon the freedom of speech. But that does not prevent private entities from doing so. So Twitter, think of it as a private bulletin board. They can post and take down whatever they want, because they have political biases, like the rest of us," Napolitano said.
Ex-Twitter employee calls release of docs 'corporate propaganda'
He said in his interview that Twitter can only get into legal trouble if the social media platform was doing the government's bidding, which means if Twitter was doing this as a favor to FBI agents, DHS agents or some group in the government that did not want Trump to get reelected.
However, the third installment of "The Twitter Files" reported that Twitter was indeed in communication with the listed government groups, causing controversy as to whether Twitter made decisions based on government influence or its own employees' influence.
Democratic strategist Jason Nichols told NewsNation that Twitter obviously made mistakes by listening and responding to both political parties.
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But Nichols believes that "The Twitter Files" are being used to rile people up, despite most of the information being provided already being known to the public. He said that the information isn't really surprising.
"This is really just something to get a couple of people fired up and for, you know, people like Donald Trump to move the goalposts and ignore the fact that he caused an insurrection that led to hundreds of police officers being harmed," Nichols said.
Vince Coglianese, the host of "The Vince Coglianese Show," disagreed with Nichols and said by saying that, it's a way to bury the real story that Twitter mishandled suppressing political information.
"It wasn't a conspiracy theory. There were legitimate voices that were being suppressed. We know as a result of this great report — and this is all new information, by the way — that popular conservatives like Dan Bongino were being suppressed by Twitter entirely, very aggressively," Coglianese said.
Coglianese explained that the new reports revealed that Twitter was suppressing conservative accounts just because of its political disagreements with them.
Analysis: 'Twitter Files' shows 'brazenness' of censorship
"The reason all of this is so important is one: that you've got a big social media company that is a de facto town square for global communication, that's suppressing only certain lines of thought — the ones they disagree with — and two: because the federal government has a hand in this. They (Twitter employees) talk about weekly meetings with the FBI, where the FBI is making requests for content to be censored up to and including during the election," Coglianese argued in his interview with "Morning in America."
While the two disagreed on Twitter's handling of information, they did agree that there needs to be oversight for social media platforms that have such a great hold over public insight and communication.
Coglianese said there needs to be uniform and consistent standards for the company. Nichols responded, saying that back in 2020, it was uncharted territory for the situation that no one had navigated before and that it is important to remember how young social media actually is.
Regardless of Coglianese and Nichols' disagreement and "The Twitter Files," Napolitano said he believes it's important to protect all speech, even hate speech. He said, "to protect all speech, we should protect the speech we hate."
"The Supreme Court has ruled that even speech we hate, even speech that hurts and stings by its very words, it's just speech and the remedy for it is not to suppress it or silence it. The remedy is more speech to challenge it. So even though I hate what Ye (formerly Kanye West) says, I'll defend to the death the right to say it," Napolitano said.
'Operation Nightingale' busts massive nursing fraud scheme

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Luis Jiménez Aranda  (21 June 1845, Seville - 1 March 1928, Pontoise) was a Spanish-born French painter of genre scenes; many in costumbrista style. His brothers, José and Manuel (born 1849) also became painters.

Biography
His first art lessons came from his older brother, José, followed by classes at the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de Santa Isabel de Hungría under the direction of  and Antonio Cabral Bejarano. In 1868, thanks to a four year stipend from a wealthy patron, he went to Rome to see the Old Masters and complete his studies with Marià Fortuny. In return, he had to send back a painting every year. He remained there after his stipend expired, until 1874, sharing a home with his friends, José Villegas Cordero and Francisco Peralta del Campo. They also took classes together from Eduardo Rosales.

At that time, he and his Italian wife Lucia moved to Paris and made the acquaintance of the art dealer, Adolphe Goupil. Two years later, he moved to Pontoise, possibly after going there to meet Camille Pissarro. He would stay there the rest of his life, becoming a naturalized citizen of France in 1877. In the 1880s, he began painting en plein aire in the surrounding countryside.

He participated in exhibits at the Salon and received recognition at the Exposition Universelle (1889). He also had a major showing at the World's Columbian Exposition (1893) in Chicago.

He was a regular participant in the Spain's National Exhibition of Fine Arts, even after settling in France. In 1864, he was given honorable mention there for a depiction of Christopher Columbus presenting his case to Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand, and first prize in 1892 for The Doctor's Visit. He also acted as a sort of correspondent for the Spanish magazine La Ilustración Española y Americana, providing images and commentary on life in France. When the Spanish landscape painter Emilio Sánchez Perrier came to France to study the Barbizon School, Jiménez shared studio and exhibit space with him. Jiménez himself was influenced by the Barbizon style and would come to favor it in his later years.

Selected paintings

References

Further reading
 Enrique Valdivieso, Pintura sevillana del siglo XIX, Seville, 1981, pp. 104-105.
 Catálogo de las pinturas del siglo XIX. Casón del Buen Retiro, Madrid, Ministerio de Cultura, 1985, p. 113.
 José Fernández López, La pintura de historia de Sevilla en el siglo XIX, Seville, Diputación Provincial, 1985, pp. 100-101.

External links

 More works by Jiménez @ ArtNet

1845 births
1928 deaths
Spanish painters
Spanish emigrants to France
Genre painters
Painters from Seville

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Home News Parker wears the armband with pride
Parker wears the armband with pride
The logical choice as England's next captain took the armband last night as Scott Parker became the latest in a long line of Spurs players to captain their country. Scott made his usual solid contribution and although inexplicably overlooked as TV man of the match in favour of Daniel Sturridge, he looks to be the prime candidate to lead England through Euro 2012.
"It was pretty special, really, a very proud moment for me and something as a kid I dreamed of many a time. I could probably speak for every boy and every young lad who has the same ambition," Scott said after the game.
"I never thought it would happen to me, so absolutely delighted to lead out my country. It's definitely up there, not only in my career but obviously in my personal life, probably behind the birth of my kids. My family are very proud."
Asked if he would like to keep the armband through the Euros, Parker added,
"Of course I would.
"It's going to be difficult for me but I would obviously relish the chance to lead the country out again and take it into the Euros."
Of course, a change of manager may alter the position but despite last night's defeat, Scott is in possession and looks set to be in charge on the pitch in Poland and the Ukraine this summer.
killthespud March 1, 2012 at 1:35 pm
Ugh!!
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15 Bill Nicholson quotes that every Spurs fan must read
History TottenhamBlog - January 26, 2015


Introduces young readers to the responsibilities of owning a small mammal, in English and Spanish.
Bozzo, Linda.My first guinea pig and other small pets.
"Introduces young readers to the responsibilities of owning a small mammal, in English and Spanish"--Provided by publisher.
ils:.b13254121|Book|Books||Spanish|Enslow Publishers,||32 pages : color ; 24 cm.


Lauren Bacall and Humphrey Bogart, Rachel Hunter and Rod Stewart This is one of those divinely enduring and compatible matches we all dream of in our most frantic moments but most would find stifling if they really had to contend with it. Being two earth signs, the Virgo woman and Capricorn man are able to commit and persevere, essentials of a long term union. The best way to run into this lady, therefore, is at work. Just a way to keep the space around her inviolate yet not be rude. Second, say what you mean. You can do it!
This article is written like a personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay that states a Wikipedia editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic. Please help improve it by rewriting it in an encyclopedic style. August This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. October This article needs additional citations for verification.
I still eat cheeseburgers, so … Nonetheless, a brilliant mature woman I consider to be evolved recently asked me what an evolved man wants from a woman. So with her inquiry as my sole credential, here goes: An evolved man longs to see his woman radiant and genuinely happy. An evolved man just wants his woman so in love with her life that her radiant joy is present in the room more often than not.
Darwin The sun sinks into the ocean below the cliffs at East Point reserve, and the shadows of the Poinciana trees spread like dark talons over the road. Just as the curlew begins its eerie night song, the scream of a woman tears through the humid air. Out of the shadows she moves, black hair plastered to her face, white dress lit through the dark, her hands grasping for blood. It seems nearly everyone who grows up in Darwin learns the legend of the Poinciana Woman, who haunts the flaming poinciana trees at East Point Reserve after dark. More than any other topic, this ghost story keeps reappearing in the Curious Darwin inbox, begging for a torch to be shone upon it — or through it.


text:
package de.dominikschadow.configserver;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;

/**
 * Main class to start the embedded web server and the Spring Boot application.
 *
 * @author Dominik Schadow
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class ConfigServerApplication {
    /**
     * Starts the config server application with the embedded Tomcat.
     *
     * @param args Runtime arguments
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
    }
}


text:
The Gladiators (, alternate title The Peace Game) is a 1969 Swedish drama/science fiction film directed by Peter Watkins.

Plot

In order to prevent a Third World War, the superpowers decide to introduce "international peace games," a deadly miniature battle fought between small teams of drafted soldiers from each country and broadcast on TV around the world as the most popular reality TV programme.

Cast
 Arthur Pentelow as British General
 Frederick Danner as British Staff Officer
 Hans Bendrik as Capt. Davidsson
 Daniel Harle as French Officer
 Hans Berger as West German Officer
 Rosario Gianetti as American Officer
 Tim Yum as Chinese Staff Officer
 Kenneth Lo as Chinese Colonel
 Björn Franzen as Swedish Colonel
 Christer Gynge as Assistant Controller
 Jürgen Schilling as East German Officer
 Stefan Dillan as Russian Officer
 Ugo Chiari as Italian Officer
 Chandrakant Desai as Indian Officer
 George Harris as Nigerian Officer
 Pik-Sen Lim as C-2

See also
 The Challenge (1970)

References

External links

Swedish science fiction films
English-language Swedish films
1960s science fiction films
1969 films
Films directed by Peter Watkins
Films about death games
Cold War films
1960s Swedish films


Simply fill in the form below to request a repeat prescription for your pet. Please be aware that online applications received before 11am from Monday to Friday will be dispensed after 2pm the following day. Any applications received over the weekend will be processed on Monday and therefore will be ready for collection after 2pm on Tuesday.
With the exception of routine treatments (shampoos, worming and flea treatments) we are obliged to examine animals on long term medication regularly . With certain drugs, this interval may be as often as every 3 months. We have to perform these examinations to make sure that the medication is still appropriate and safe to continue using with your pet's condition. We also need to assess whether your pet's weight has changed (which may alter the drugs dose) and we get to address any new concerns that you may have with regards to any aspect of your pet's health.
We ask that urgent applications are telephoned through via the phone service at your local branch.


text:
Grad Students Design an 'EcoFridge' That Uses 40% Less Energy
Leslie Guevarra
Wednesday, February 8, 2012 - 4:30am
Imagine an environmentally friendly household refrigerator that's affordable and helps break people's energy-wasting habits when they use the appliance.
That's what team of UC Berkeley grad students in engineering and industrial design students from the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México envisioned when they were asked by appliance manufacturer Mabe to develop a cost competitive 'fridge that is kinder to the environment than others available to consumers in Mexico.
For the Cal students, the challenge was their assignment for a new product development class. They made it their goal to achieve the greatest reduction possible in environmental impacts without upsetting consumers' perceptions of how a refrigerator should look or radically altering how people use it.
"We didn't want to make something that they didn't recognize," said Daniel Talancon, part of the Berkeley team that included Vince Romanin, Dave Lettieri and Tarek Hosny.
Talancon, Romanin and Lettieri were on hand at the annual Autodesk Sustainability Summit yesterday in San Francisco to talk about how free design software and coaching they received from the company's Sustainability Workshop program helped them design the EcoFridge. I caught up with the three to learn more about the steps they took to come up with the design concept (pictured above) that was submitted to Mabe.
The group used the software tools to evaluate various materials and their impacts, but they didn't have specifics from the appliance maker on materials used for existing refrigerators to use as benchmarks.
It soon became clear, however, that the greatest environmental benefits would result from reducing energy use, which would be affected by the design and performance of the cooling system and the configuration and features inside the refrigerator. If those elements were designed in a way to help users better organize their ice box, so they could find things quickly and cut the time they spend lingering in front of the appliance with an open door, then energy use could drop further, the group reasoned. They used their tools to develop and model various iterations of their design.
"People don't think much about refrigerators," said Romanin, adding that he and his colleagues hadn't either before their assignment. But they soon learned about the average refrigerator's lifecycle, consumers' requirements and how those differ in Mexico.
Their design reflects what they gleaned from their research. Here are some of the key features of their EcoFridge:
To cool the unit, the team used an innovative phase change material to serve as a thermal battery. Their operations scenario calls for running a compressor to "charge" the battery at night, when electricity rates are lower and temperatures are usually cooler. This system reduces energy use by as much as 40 percent, the group estimates.
The freezer is a big drawer at the bottom of the unit. This makes it easier for users to see and reach items more swiftly and with greater ease. The placement and use of a drawer also help optimize use of the cold air.
A quick access tray, which sits where many refrigerators have cold water and ice dispensers, can hold anything that the household uses frequently or needs to get quickly, such as beverages or the day's brown bag lunches. When the tray slides forward, a seal within the refrigerator prevents cold air from escaping. Someone making a meal could stow all the ingredients in the tray, pull it out and keep it open while prepping the meal.
Like most refrigerators, this one has adjustable shelves. But in deference to a culture and cuisine that emphasize fresh produce, the vegetable bin is large and has a clear, hatch-style door.
A see-through crescent-shaped panel on the front of the refrigerator helps users inventory contents -- before a shopping trip or when mulling over a snack -- without opening the door.
"It's very difficult to change the consumer's mind about how to use a product," said Romanin.
"We tried to focus on things that people would accept," Talancon said.
Image courtesy of Autodesk
Design & Packaging
GreenBiz Group
Ask the Green Architect: The Skinny on Green Roofs; Retiring Your Refrigerator; Earthen Floors
ByEric Corey Freed
Autodesk and the Future of Sustainable Design
ByJoel Makower
New Asda Supermarket Diverts 95 Percent of Waste, Cuts CO2 Emissions in Half
Greener Fridges Can Cut Retailers' Energy Costs by One-Third
ByBusinessGreen Staff
Autodesk and Green Building Council Partner on Green Design Technology


1. Doorway to a house or court, often very grand, to permit wheeled vehicles to enter from the street.
2. Erroneous term for a projecting canopy or porch large enough to admit carriages.
"porte-cochère." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. . Encyclopedia.com. 24 Apr. 2019 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.


text:
Stenogephyra torrida är en tvåvingeart som beskrevs av Lyneborg 1987. Stenogephyra torrida ingår i släktet Stenogephyra och familjen stilettflugor. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Stilettflugor
torrida


text:
Trump fires State Dept. watchdog critical of admin moves
FILE – In this Oct. 2, 2019, file photo State Department Inspector General Steve Linick leaves a meeting in a secure area at the Capitol in Washington. A senior department official said President Donald Trump removed Linick from his job as State Department's inspector general on Friday, May 15, 2020, but gave no reason for his ouster. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite, File)
WASHINGTON (AP) — President Donald Trump has fired the State Department's inspector general, an Obama administration appointee whose office was critical of alleged political bias in the agency's management. The ouster is the latest in a series of moves against independent executive branch watchdogs who have found fault with the Trump administration.
A senior department official said Trump removed Steve Linick from his job on Friday but gave no reason for his ouster. In a letter to Congress, Trump said Linick, who had held the job since 2013, no longer had his full confidence and that his removal would take effect in 30 days. Trump did not mention Linick by name in his letter.
Democrats in Congress immediately cried foul, with the chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee suggesting that Linick was fired in part in retaliation for opening an unspecified investigation into Secretary of State Mike Pompeo.
"This firing is the outrageous act of a president trying to protect one of his most loyal supporters, the secretary of state, from accountability," Rep. Eliot Engel, D-N.Y., said in a statement. "I have learned that the Office of the Inspector General had opened an investigation into Secretary Pompeo. Mr. Linick's firing amid such a probe strongly suggests that this is an unlawful act of retaliation."
Engel offered no details of the investigation, although two congressional aides said it involved allegations that Pompeo may have improperly treated staff. Linick's office has issued several reports critical of the department's handling of personnel matters during the Trump administration, including accusing some political appointees of retaliating against career officials.
"If Inspector General Linick was fired because he was conducting an investigation of conduct by Secretary Pompeo, the Senate cannot let this stand," said Sen. Chris Murphy, D-Conn. "The Senate Foreign Relations Committee must get to bottom of what happened here."
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi also condemned Linick's ouster, saying he had been "punished for honorably performing his duty to protect the Constitution and our national security."
"The president must cease his pattern of reprisal and retaliation against the public servants who are working to keep Americans safe, particularly during this time of global emergency."
Linick, whose office also took issue with former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's use of a private email server while she served as America's top diplomat, played a minor role in the Ukraine impeachment investigation into Trump.
In October, Linick turned over documents to House investigators that he had received from State Department Counselor T. Ulrich Brechbuhl, a close Pompeo associate, which contained information from debunked conspiracy theories about Ukraine's role in the 2016 election.
Linick will replaced by Stephen Akard, a former career foreign service officer who has close ties to Vice President Mike Pence, said the official, who was not authorized to discuss the matter publicly and spoke on condition of anonymity. Akard currently runs the department's Office of Foreign Missions. He had been nominated to be the director general of the foreign service but withdrew after objections he wasn't experienced enough.
Linick, a former assistant U.S. attorney in California and Virginia, had overseen inspector general reports that were highly critical of the department's management policies during the Trump administration. His office had criticized several Trump appointees for their treatment of career staff for apparently being insufficiently supportive of Trump and his policies.
Under Linick, the State Department's inspector general office was also critical of former Secretary of State Rex Tillerson's hiring freeze and attempts to streamline the agency by slashing its funding and personnel.
Trump has been taking aim lately at inspectors general.
In April, he fired Michael Atkinson, the inspector general for the intelligence community, for his role in the whistleblower complaint that led to Trump's impeachment.
Then Trump removed Glenn Fine as acting inspector general at the Defense Department. The move stripped him of his post as chairman of the Pandemic Response Accountability Committee, which is among those overseeing the vast economic relief law pass in response to the coronavirus.
During a White House briefing on COVID-19, Trump questioned the independence of an inspector general of the Department of Health and Human Services over a report that said there was a shortage of supplies and testing at hospitals. Trump has since moved to replace the HHS official, Christi A. Grimm. She is a career person who has held the position in an acting capacity, but now Trump has nominated a permanent replacement.


Like to dance in the rain?
Every year, storms roll across our cities—rain storms, snow storms, hail storms, etc.
That's why most of us keep the Weather Channel bookmarked and ready on our computers or phone. We know how important it is to stay up-to-date on the latest weather news.
So what's the weather like in your city today?
We'll be talking about terms you need to describe those sunny days, stormy days, and all those in between.
But before we get into the vocabulary, let's see why weather is such a hot topic with so many people.
Why Learn to Talk About the Weather in English?
Have you ever noticed how people seem to love talking about the weather? Whether they're standing in the grocery checkout line or meeting new people at a party, the weather is quite the popular conversation starter.
Even at more formal occasions, like business meetings or other professional settings, weather is a popular topic for small talk.
That might be due to the fact that the weather is often different from day to day and from place to place, making it a relevant subject for everyone. To fully participate in these conversations, you'll need lots of English words and phrases in your vocabulary.
Also, knowing weather-related terms is important for your safety! Imagine you're in a local restaurant and the waiter casually tells you, "Be careful of that fog when you go over the bridge." You'll be glad you know what the word fog means!
There are so many adjectives you can use for describing the weather. Some of them are very similar in meaning (i.e., hot and warm) and a little harder to distinguish, while others are completely different (i.e., rainy and sunny) and easier to remember.
In addition to learning these terms, you should consider practicing them often. FluentU is a great resource for that. FluentU takes fun videos like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talks, and it turns them into English lessons.
FluentU does this in two ways. First, you can watch videos with helpful captions. When you click on the captions, you can see images, definitions, example sentences and even examples of the word in other videos. So after you've learned these words, make sure you practice them frequently with FluentU!
Now let's get to those common terms you'll need to talk about all kinds of weather.
When we say it's hot, we're referring to very high temperatures, like you find in the middle of summer when the heat can get quite uncomfortable. When it's warm though, temperatures are fairly high but bearable.
When the weather is warm, I prefer light clothing like t-shirts.
Today is so hot that I've been sitting under the fan all day.
Cold refers to very low temperatures, close to freezing—the type of weather that requires a heavy coat to go outside. With cool, however, we're talking about fairly low, spring-like temperatures when you may only need to wear a sweater out.
On cool days like today, you should be fine with a light jacket.
Don't forget your coat; it's cold outside.
Sunny weather means there's lots of sunshine. Its opposite is rainy weather, which means lots of rain.
On sunny days, I like to take the kids to the beach.
Rainy days are the best time to stay home and read a book.
A clear day is bright with no signs of bad weather. A cloudy day, however, means the skies are filled with clouds with little or no sun.
Isn't it great that we're having such clear days this week?
It looks cloudy; you should bring an umbrella in case it rains.
When it's dry, there's no rain or moisture in the air. But when it's humid, the air is moist and contains a large amount of water vapor. Humid weather usually makes us perspire (sweat) more.
Bush fires are common around here when the weather is dry.
The weather's been so humid lately it's impossible to go outside without breaking a sweat.
These two adjectives refer to hazy conditions caused by small droplets of water in the air that make it difficult to see. Fog (noun) forms closer to the ground and is thicker and more difficult to see through. Mist (noun) usually forms on hills and mountains and isn't as thick.
Be sure to turn on your headlights when driving through foggy areas.
It's misty up in the mountains in the mornings.
These adjectives describe the wind. Gusty suggests a sudden brief burst of wind while windy refers to a stronger than usual wind blowing.
It's been gusty all afternoon and my umbrella was blown away.
As we were walking along the beach, it started to get windy.
These two nouns are often used together when referring to storms. Thunder is the loud booming sound which usually follows a flash of lightning in the sky.
Whenever there's thunder and lightning, my dog rushes into the house in fear.
Whether you're at the coffee machine or waiting your turn at the post office, chances are you might get into a casual conversation with the person next to you about what's going on outside.
Here are some phrases to help you prepare.
How's the weather? / What's it like out there?
Both of these are good questions to ask if you haven't gone outside in a while, and you're wondering if things have changed.
Or maybe you're still debating about whether or not you want to venture (go) outdoors, so you might ask this to someone who comes inside.
What's the temperature like (out there)?
If you're planning a trip or event, you might want to know the weather ahead of time. Forecast simply refers to what kind of weather is expected in the coming days or weeks.
Use other adjectives like nice or gorgeous to make your descriptions more interesting.
It's [warm and sunny] outside.
This is a simple sentence using two or more descriptive adjectives.
It's warm and windy outside.
There's nothing but blue skies outside.
We couldn't ask for [better] weather.
Here the use of the comparative adjective better suggests that the weather is so good that it couldn't get any better. You could use other comparative adjectives like nicer or more beautiful.
We couldn't ask for nicer weather this week!
This is the (best/worst) weather we've had all [season/week/year]!
This is the most beautiful weather we've had all week!
This is the worst weather we've had all spring!
Using the question form can be quite refreshing especially when you expect the person to agree with you. You could use similar adjectives like nasty or terrible instead.
Nasty weather today, isn't it?
The word boiling is used here as an adjective, not as a verb, to create an image of how hot it is. You could also use adverbs like extremely or really.
In this simple sentence, you may use any verb in its -ing form to describe the weather such as pouring (raining very heavily) or sizzling (very hot).
I can't believe this [weather]!
Here's a simple way to express your surprise. Feel free to use any other suitable noun such as storm or wind.
This is a popular idiom (expression) for saying that it's raining heavily. Have fun with it.
Here you're saying it looks like it might rain in the near future. It could be that you can see dark clouds or hear thunder. You could use other nouns like snow or a storm.
[A storm] seems to be [coming/heading] this way.
Heavy rain seems to be heading this way.
The weather will be warming up soon.
The weather will be cooling down soon.
It's expected to be [hotter] than last year.
The phrase expected to be suggests that you think it'll happen. Use a comparative adjective here to compare the weather now with another time in the past. You could use other comparative adjectives like colder or less windy.
So there you have it—a great list of weather words and phrases to get you talking about the weather like a native speaker. I expect you'll warm up to (get used to) these sentence structures pretty quickly and use them in your own words.


Do you accept yourself the way you are, or are you a people-pleaser? Accepting yourself precedes accepting others, so break free from people-pleasing.
Subscribe to get the Soul Workout directly to your inbox.
These two methods, developed by the Kabbalists, will revolutionize the way that you handle making mistakes.
Regardless of how burned out you may feel, there are three basic steps you can take to spiritually and emotionally renew yourself. The fruit of your labor will be the return of a sparkle in your eye and the spirit of innovation in your heart and mind.
It's not worth making resolutions that you won't keep. Instead, this year try one (or two! or all!) of these new year resolution ideas for a meaningful life.
Deeper motivation and insight into the spiritual value of fitness can elevate your experience of working out, which will help you develop a positive relationship with it.
Psychologically speaking, we need to achieve two things in dispelling the darkness in our own psyches and lives.
What are spiritual sparks, and how do they effect our lives? The 4000-year-old tradition of Kabbalah reveals it.
Does Insecurity Stand In the Way of Your Success?
If you are in a pattern of self-sabotage and/or underachieving, it is healthy to evaluate your sense of self-worth and your self-confidence. Our fears, inhibitions, and low self-confidence thrive when we don't have clarity.


text:
Vera Therapeutics Inc.
Vera Therapeutics Releases 36 Week Interim Analysis of Phase 2b[...]
Fashion of the Future: Sweaters Made From Human Hair
United States Gasoline Fund LP
Notice of Effectiveness - Form EFFECT
Summit Midstream Partners LP
United States Brent Oil Fund LP
FEMA - Federal Emergency Management Agency
Fiscal Year 2022 State and Local Cybersecurity Grant Program FAQs
In the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, also known as the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA), Congress established the State and Local Cybersecurity Grant Program (SLCGP) to "award grants to eligible entities to address cybersecurity risks and cybersecurity threats to information systems owned or operated by, or on behalf of, state, local, or tribal governments." Within the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) are implementing this authority through two grant programs:
The SLCGP, which allows state and territory State Administrative Agencies (SAAs) to apply for grant funding. Under SLCGP, states and territories are the only eligible entities. Local and tribal governments are eligible subrecipients under this program.
The Tribal Cybersecurity Grant Program (TCGP), which allows Tribal governments to apply for grant funding. Under TCGP, Tribal governments of federally-recognized Tribes are the only eligible entities and do not apply for funding through SAAs.
This FAQ addresses common questions about the SLCGP. Additional information on the TCGP is forthcoming.
General Program Questions
What is the purpose of the SLCGP?
The SLCGP provides funding to state, local, tribal, and territorial (SLTT) governments to address cybersecurity risks and cybersecurity threats to SLTT-owned or operated information systems. All requirements and program guidance are established in the Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO).
How much funding is available?
For FY 2022, Congress appropriated $200 million. This includes $185 million for SLCGP, $6 million for TCGP, $8.5 million for DHS to administer the grant, and $500,000 for the DHS Inspector General to evaluate the grant programs. Congress also authorized for appropriation $400 million for FY 2023, $300 million for FY 2024, and $100 million for FY 2025.
How will funds be allocated?
The allocation formula in the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law includes a base level of funding for each state and territory. Allocations for states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico include additional funds based on a combination of total population and rural population. Final FY 2022 SLCGP allocations for each state and territory will be included in the NOFO.
The SAAs for states and territories are the only eligible applicants. In addition, two or more eligible entities may apply jointly for assistance as a multi-entity group. Under SLCGP, that means two or more SAAs may apply for joint projects, but they still must submit separate applications.
What is the role of the State Administrative Agency?
The SAA is responsible for managing the grant application and award. Working with the Cybersecurity Planning Committee, the SAA must ensure at least 80% of the federal funds awarded under the SLCGP are passed-through to local entites. In addition, at least 25% of the total funds made available under the grant must be passed through to rural communities. Receipt of funds occurs when the SAA accepts the award or 15 calendar days after the entity receives notice of the award, whichever comes first.
What are the goal and objectives of the program?
The overarching goal of the program is to assist SLTT governments in managing and reducing systemic cyber risks. To accomplish this, CISA has established four discrete, but interrelated objectives:
Governance and Planning: Develop and establish appropriate governance structures, as well as plans, to improve capabilities to respond to cybersecurity incidents and ensure continuity of operations.
Assessment and Evaluation: Identify areas for improvement in SLTT cybersecurity posture based on continuous testing, evaluation, and structured assessments.
Mitigation: Implement security protections commensurate with risk (outcomes of Objectives 1 and 2), using the best practices as described in element 5 of the required 16 elements of the cybersecurity plans and those further listed in the NOFO.
Workforce Development: Ensure organization personnel are appropriately trained in cybersecurity, commensurate with their responsibilities as suggested in the National Initiative for Cybersecurity Education.
What are the priorities of the program in the first year?
In the first year, the focus is on establishing a strong foundation on which to build a sustainable cybersecurity program. Initial priorities include the following, all of which are statutory conditions for receiving a grant:
Establish a Cybersecurity Planning Committee that can lead entity-wide efforts.
Develop a Cybersecurity Plan that addresses the entire jurisdiction and incorporates cybersecurity best practices.
Conduct assessments and evaluations to identify gaps that can be mitigated by individual projects throughout the life of the grant program.
Will the grant-funded projects be required to be tied to the Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA)/Stakeholder Preparedness Review (SPR) process?
No. Applicants are encouraged to leverage the THIRA/SPR process, but it is not a requirement.
How long is the period of performance?
The period of performance for each grant year will be 48 months. Extensions are allowed on a case-by-case basis.
How will proposed projects be evaluated? DHS/FEMA will evaluate applications for completeness and applicant eligibility. DHS/CISA will evaluate applications for adherence to programmatic guidelines and anticipated effectiveness of the proposed investments. The review will include verification of the following elements:
Establishment of and composition of the Planning Committee;
Cybersecurity Plan(s) or request for exception;
Proposed projects that are consistent with the Cybersecurity Plan(s), or will be consistent with the Cybersecurity Plan if requesting a grant to develop a Plan, and SLCGP program objectives and requirements;
Proposed projects are feasible and effective as reducing the risks the project was designed to address; and
Proposed projects will be completed within the period of performance.
Additional details on project evaluation criteria are available on page 28 of the NOFO.
How do local governments apply?
Local governments are eligible as subapplicants to their SAA and must work with their state or territory's Cybersecurity Planning Committee to receive subawards.
How are local governments defined?
Local governments are defined in the law as a county, municipality, city, town, township, local public authority, school district, special district, intrastate district, council of governments (regardless of whether the council of governments is incorporated as a nonprofit corporation under State law), regional or interstate government entity, or agency or instrumentality of a local government; an Indian tribe or authorized tribal organization, or in Alaska a Native village or Alaska Regional Native Corporation; and a rural community, unincorporated town or village, or other public entity.
How are rural areas defined?
In the law, rural area is defined as an area encompassing a population of less than 50,000 people that has not been designated in the most recent decennial census as an "urbanized area" by the Secretary of Commerce.
What percentage of the funds must be passed through to local entities?
A minimum of 80% of state allocations must be passed through to local governments. In addition, at least 25% of the total funds made available under the grant must be passed through to rural communities. A maximum of 20% can be used by state agencies to administer the grant program.
This pass-through requirement does not apply to the District of Columbia or the U.S. territories. Additionally, this pass-through requirement does not apply to a grant awarded solely to support activities that are integral to the development or revision of the Cybersecurity Plan of the state.
Can the 80% passthrough be in the form of services/solutions procured, managed, and deployed by the state in coordination with the local government benefited?
SAAs can pass through items, services, capabilities, or activities instead of funds with the consent of local governments, but must pass through a minimum of 80% of the value of the award. This same requirement applies to the 25% that must be passed through to rural areas. Pass-through must occur within 45 calendar days of receipt of funds. Receipt of funds occurs when the SAA accepts the award or 15 calendar days after the entity receives notice of the award, whichever comes first.
What is the process for selecting which local governments and rural areas will get funds and for which projects?
Cybersecurity Planning Committees must work collaboratively across the state to identify and prioritize individual projects that align with the state's Cybersecurity Plan. Ultimately, it is up to the state to determine where and how to pass-through funds, with the permission of applicable local governments if passing through items or services in lieu of funding.
Cost Share
What is the required cost share for individual projects?
For applications made by an individual eligible entity, the FY 2022 non-federal cost-share requirement is 10%.
What is the cost share for a multi-entity project?
There is no cost-share requirement for multi-entity projects in FY 2022.
How does the cost share work?
For FY 2022, the federal share of any activity cannot exceed 90% (unless the recipient is a multi-entity group). For example, if a local entity estimates the total cost of a project is $100,000, the local entity's cost share will be 10% or $10,000. The cost share must be at the activity (i.e., project) level. The cost share cannot be shared across multiple projects being implemented by the same entity.
Is there a cost-share waiver?
The Secretary of Homeland Security, or designee, may waive or modify the non-federal share if an eligible entity demonstrates economic hardship. All waiver requests will be considered on a case-by-case basis.
There are a number of factors in determining an economic hardship. An entity that applies for a cost-share waiver must meet at least one of the following six criteria in order to be considered:
Changes in rates of unemployment in the jurisdiction from previous years;
Changes in the percentage of individuals who are eligible to receive benefits under the supplemental nutrition assistance program established under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. § 2011 et seq.) from previous years;
Demonstration of fiscal distress that could be caused by changes to statewide budgets already approved prior to knowledge of the SLCGP cost share requirement;
Demonstration that the rate of unemployment has exceeded the annual national average rate of unemployment for three of the past five years;
Demonstration that the entity has filed for bankruptcy or been placed under third-party financial oversight or receivership within the past three years; and
For local units of government only, demonstration that those localities have areas within them that are designated as either "high" or "very high" on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Social Vulnerability Index.
Eligible entities that would like to request a cost-share waiver based on economic hardship should submit a waiver request with their FY 2022 SLCGP application submission in ND Grants with the following information in a written narrative:
The entity's background/history of economic hardship.
Any austerity measure(s) the entity has taken to address economic hardship.
A description of how the lack of a waiver will impact the entity's ability to develop, implement, or revise a Cybersecurity Plan or address imminent cybersecurity threats.
A detailed justification explaining why the state (or specific local government(s) or specific project(s) if requesting only a partial waiver) is unable to fulfill the cost share requirement. The applicant must identify specific economic hardship(s) and address the factors listed above.
Cybersecurity Planning Committee
What are the membership requirements for the Cybersecurity Planning Committee?
The Cybersecurity Planning Committee must include representation from each of the following:
The eligible entity;
The Chief Information Officer (CIO), the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO), or equivalent official of the eligible entity;
If the eligible entity is a state, then representatives from counties, cities and towns within the jurisdiction of the eligible entity;
Public education institutions within the jurisdiction of the eligible entity;
Public health institutions within the jurisdiction of the eligible entity; and
As appropriate, representatives of rural, suburban, and high population jurisdictions.
At least half of the representatives of the Cybersecurity Planning Committee must have professional experience in cybersecurity or information technology.
Consideration should be given to include other members, including but not limited to representatives from:
State and county judicial entities;
State legislature;
Election infrastructure officials, including secretaries of state and election directors;
Representatives from state, territorial, and local public safety, homeland security, emergency management and law enforcement agencies;
Emergency communications officials;
City and county CIOs and CISOs;
Publicly owned or operated critical infrastructure;
State National Guard if such entities have a cybersecurity mission;
Municipal, city, county, rural area or other local government councils or associations; and
Other entities with expertise and skillsets that best represent the cybersecurity interests across the eligible entity.
In addition, the eligible entity must consult its CIO, CISO or equivalent official in allocating funds under an SLCGP grant.
Can existing committees be used? Yes, existing committees can be used but must follow this guidance:
An existing multi-jurisdictional planning committee must meet the membership requirements or be capable of being expanded to meet the requirements of the Cybersecurity Planning Committee.
Membership should reflect an eligible entity's unique cybersecurity risk profile.
Eligible entities should consider using Senior Advisory Committees or create a subcommittee, modified to meet the membership requirements.
What are the responsibilities of the planning committee? The responsibilities of the Cybersecurity Planning Committee include:
Assisting with the development, implementation, and revision of the Cybersecurity Plan;
Approving the Cybersecurity Plan;
Assisting with the determination of effective funding priorities;
Coordinating with other committees and like entities with the goal of maximizing coordination and reducing duplication of effort;
Ensuring investments support closing capability gaps or sustaining capabilities; and
Assisting the state in ensuring local government members, including representatives from counties, cities, and towns within the eligible entity provide consent on behalf of all local entities across the eligible entity for services, capabilities or activities provided by the eligible entity through this program.
How should planning committees prioritize individual projects?
Individual projects must help achieve the goal and objectives of the entity's Cybersecurity Plan. To prioritize projects, the committee should:
Coordinate activities across preparedness disciplines and levels of government, including SLTT governments;
Devise a cohesive planning framework;
Incorporate CISA and FEMA resources as well as those from other federal and SLTT entities, the private sector, and faith-based community organizations; and
Determine how available preparedness funding sources can effectively support a whole community approach to emergency preparedness and management and the enhancement of core capabilities.
Can the same planning committee designated for state-level awards be used for multi-entity grants? There should not be a separate committee or plan for multi-entity activities. Each member of the multi-entity group must have and use their respective Cybersecurity Planning Committee for multi-entity activities and should not have a separate committee that is used solely for multi-entity activities. All SLCGP projects must be reviewed and approved by each entity's committee. All multi-entity projects must be tied to the respective Cybersecurity Plan for each entity.
Cybersecurity Plans
Who is required to submit a Cybersecurity Plan?
States and territories must submit Cybersecurity Plans for review and approval as part of their grant applications. If your entity is applying for grant funds to develop a Cybersecurity Plan, the plan is not required to be submitted as part of the FY 2022 application, but must be submitted for DHS review and approval by September 30, 2023.
Who must approve the Cybersecurity Plan before it is submitted to DHS?
The Cybersecurity Planning Committee and the CIO, CISO or equivalent official must approve the Cybersecurity Plan and individual projects before submitting to DHS.
How often am I required to submit a Cybersecurity Plan?
Initial Cybersecurity Plans will be approved for two years. Subsequent Cybersecurity Plans, building on the investments from the previous year(s), must be submitted for approval annually.
Are there specific requirements for the Cybersecurity Plan?
The Cybersecurity Plan should establish high level goals and finite objectives to reduce specific cybersecurity risks across the eligible entity. The Cybersecurity Plan should also serve as the overarching framework for the achievement of the SLCGP goal, with grant-funded projects working to achieve outcomes. Regional approaches, as part of an entity-wide approach, should also be considered.
In developing the Cybersecurity Plan, the Cybersecurity Planning Committee should consider the following:
Existing governance and planning documents and identification of any planning gaps that should be addressed by the Cybersecurity Plan;
Existing assessments and evaluations (e.g., reports, after action reports) conducted by SLTT governments within the entity and any planning gaps that require additional assessments and/or evaluations; and
Identification of potential SLCGP projects to address planning gaps and prioritize mitigation efforts.
The full list of requirements for the Cybersecurity Plan are available in Appendix C of the NOFO.
Are local governments required to produce their own Cybersecurity Plan? No. Local governments will be part of the eligible entity's Cybersecurity Plan. These plans are meant to guide development of cybersecurity capabilities across the state or territory. The plans are not meant to be agency specific.
Can funds be used to sustain or expand existing efforts?
Yes. If existing efforts involve improvements made to cyber systems and meet the required elements, and as long as those funds are not used to supplant state or local funds, then grant funds can be used to continue or expand those existing efforts. The awards must meet the goal of the program, which is to manage and reduce systemic cyber risk to SLTT information systems. The projects should achieve a sustainable improvement solution that will remain even after the expiration of the cybersecurity grant program. The ultimate goal of the program as stated in the legislation will be to award grants to address cybersecurity risks and threats to information systems owned or operated by, or on behalf of, SLTT governments.
Can existing plans be used? Eligible entities are encouraged to incorporate, where applicable, any existing plans to protect against cybersecurity risks and cybersecurity threats to information systems owned or operated by, or on behalf of, state, local and territorial entities.
Does DHS approve the submitted Cybersecurity Plans?
Yes. Once approved by the Cybersecurity Planning Committee, CIO, and CISO or equivalent official, CISA and FEMA will review each submitted Cybersecurity Plan. CISA will approve the final Cybersecurity Plans.
Is there a template or guidance for the Cybersecurity Plan and individual projects? Yes. CISA offers a downloadable cybersecurity plan template. This template may be used by states and locals, or may be referenced as necessary. The template is located on the CISA.gov website.
Is there a timeline that the Cybersecurity Plan must cover? The plan is strategic in nature and recommended that it address a two-to-three-year period.
Multi-Entity Projects
What are multi-entity projects and who can apply?
Multiple eligible entities (i.e., states or territories) can group together to address cybersecurity risks and threats to information systems within the eligible entities' jurisdictions.
Are there additional requirements for multi-entity projects?
Yes. In addition to each eligible entity having a Cybersecurity Plan approved by CISA and an established Cybersecurity Planning Committee, multi-entity groups must also have a multi-entity Investment Justification for the proposed project. This Investment Justification must include:
A description of the overarching multi-entity project;
The division of responsibilities among the eligible entities in the group and all participating SLTTs;
The distribution of funding among the eligible entities in the group, including any subawards; and
A description of how the project will help implement the Cybersecurity Plan of each entity.
Do multi-entity projects have to be approved by the Cybersecurity Planning Committee of each eligible entity?
Yes. These projects should be included in the application from each participating eligible entity, each approved by the respective Planning Committee and be aligned with each entity's Cybersecurity Plan.
How does the process for multi-entity projects work?
There is no separate funding for multi-entity projects. Instead, they should be considered as group projects where each eligible entity contributes a portion to the overarching effort. Multi-entity projects only include states or territories. There is no local signatory to a multi-entity agreement. However, local funds may be used, with the local's permission as described in the NOFO. With this consent, the multi-entity group can pass through items or services to local governments in lieu of funding. The following provides a general process outline:
Eligible entities work collaboratively to define the group project and the roles and responsibilities for each eligible entity, including local governments.
Each eligible entity must have a Cybersecurity Plan that has been approved by DHS.
The project must improve or sustain capabilities identified in the respective Cybersecurity Plans for each eligible entity.
The Cybersecurity Planning Committee of each participating eligible entity must approve their portion of the group project.
What must be submitted for multi-entity projects?
Each eligible entity will be required to submit the following as part of the application package:
The other participating eligible entities and all participating SLTT entities;
The division of responsibilities amongst the multi-entity group;
The distribution of funding from the grant among the eligible entities that comprise the multi-entity group, to include any subawards made to local entities; and
How the eligible entities that comprise the multi-entity group will work together to implement the Cybersecurity Plan of each of those eligible entities.
Are SLTT entities required to adopt a specific cybersecurity framework?
No. SLTT entities are not required to adopt a specific framework but are strongly encouraged to review existing frameworks.
Are there specific best practices that SLTT entities will have to adopt?
Yes. Cybersecurity Plans must address how the best practices listed below and the 16 required elements will be implemented across SLTT entities. Adoption is not required immediately, nor by all SLTT entities. Instead, the Cybersecurity Plan should detail the implementation approach over time and how the following will be consistent with the program goal and objectives. In addition to the 16 required elements, the Cybersecurity Plan must discuss the below seven best practices:
Multi-factor authentication;
Enhanced logging;
Data encryption for data at rest and in transit;
End use of unsupported/end of life software and hardware that are accessible from the Internet;
Prohibit use of known/fixed/default passwords and credentials;
The ability to reconstitute systems (backups); and
Migration to the .gov internet domain.
Allowable/Eligible Expenses
What can the grant funds be used for?
Eligible entities can use grant funds for:
Developing the Cybersecurity Plan;
Implementing or revising the Cybersecurity Plan;
Paying expenses directly relating to the administration of the grant, which cannot exceed 5% of the amount of the grant award;
Assisting with allowed activities that address imminent cybersecurity threats confirmed by DHS; and
Other appropriate activities as noted in the funding notice.
Are there any specific things the funds cannot be used for?
Funds cannot be used for:
Supplanting state or local funds;
Recipient cost-sharing contributions;
Payment of a ransom from cyberattacks;
Recreational or social purposes, or for any purpose that does not address cybersecurity risks or cybersecurity threats on SLTT information systems;
Lobbying or intervention in federal regulatory or adjudicatory proceedings;
Suing the federal government or any other government entity;
Acquiring land or constructing, remodeling or altering buildings or other physical facilities; or
Cybersecurity Insurance; or
Any purpose that does not address cybersecurity risks or cybersecurity threats on information systems owned or operated by, or on behalf of, the eligible entity or a local government within the jurisdiction of the eligible entity.
Can personnel be hired with grant funds?
Yes, if aligned to the Cybersecurity Plan. Applicants must address how these functions will be sustained when the funds are no longer available in their application.
What equipment or software should be purchased?
Applicants should determine what equipment is most appropriate for their needs based on their Cybersecurity Plan to mitigate cybersecurity risks or gaps.
Is equipment installation considered construction (e.g., installation of fiber optics in a wall or ground)?
Certain equipment installations are not considered to be construction projects, but this will depend on the specific details of each project. If applicable, an Environmental Planning and Historic Preservation review will be required. Most equipment installations (e.g., generators) will be considered to be "construction" and therefore will not be permitted. Please see Section F.3(c) of the NOFO for further information.
Download Fact Sheet PDF
State and Local Cybersecurity Grant Program
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Our brilliant design and special tinted base helps protect your beans, tea bags and leaves from light, moisture and air.
You can relax, knowing we've taken care of the freshness so that you get a perfect brew, every time. What's more, we're BPA free and you can open us with one hand!


text:
Compass Group Names New CFO for UK
Compass Group has appointed Gareth Sharpe chief financial officer (CFO) for its operations in the United Kingdom and Ireland.
Sharpe has decades of financial leadership experience. He joins the Compass Group from Tesco plc, where he served as CFO of the company's Asia segment, Facilities Management Journal reports. He succeeds Sarah Sergeant, who has departed the company following 13 years of service.
"I am delighted that Gareth is joining our team. He has an excellent understanding of the food industry and supply chain, so will be able to hit the ground running," said Robin Mills, Compass Group managing director. "He brings a strong track record of delivering results as well as a customer-orientated approach. I have no doubt he will be a great asset to our business as we work to rebuild following the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. I am looking forward to working with him."
About Compass Group
Compass Group is a food and support services company. It serves health care systems, educational institutions, cultural centers, sporting and entertainment venues, and Fortune 500 organizations. For more information visit www.compass-usa.com.


text:
Q: How do I run an AndroidDriver test with Junit? I've been following the instructions at:
http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/AndroidDriver
And I've managed to get the following working so far:

*

*Installed Android SDK

*Updated it

*Made and ran an AVD image

*Installed Eclipse and ADT plugin but haven't learnt Eclipse yet. (I'm trying to compile things from the command line only.)

*Ran the emulation on the Android emulator

*Install WebDriver APK on Emulation using adb -s  -e install -r

*Set up portforwarding for the above

*Webdriver started is displayed on the emulator

*Downloaded selenium-java-x.jar

*Downloaded junit-x.jar

*Determined classpath for compiling the code

*Compiled using javac, I don't know if this is right:
javac -classpath c:_projects\junit\junit-4.10.jar;c:_projects\selenium-java\selenium-java-2.17.0.jar OneTest.java
Here is my test:
import junit.framework.TestCase;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; //VERY IMPORTANT. This line is not in the example on the Selenium AndroidDriver website.
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.android.AndroidDriver;

public class OneTest extends TestCase
{
  public void testGoogle() throws Exception
  {
    WebDriver driver = new AndroidDriver();

    // And now use this to visit Google
    driver.get("http://www.google.com");

    // Find the text input element by its name
    WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));

    // Enter something to search for
    element.sendKeys("Cheese!");

    // Now submit the form. WebDriver will find the form for us from the element
    element.submit();

    // Check the title of the page
    System.out.println("Page title is: " + driver.getTitle());
    driver.quit();
  }
}

Now I'm stuck on this section:
http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/AndroidDriver#Build_the_Android_Code
Where do I run these commands? For example $./go android_client etc. I think I just need to know how to compile properly and how to forward this test to the emulator. But I could be totally on the wrong track.
My versions are:

*

*Eclipse: 3.7.1

*Selenium server: 2.17.0

*AndroidDriver: 2.16.0

*Android SDK Tools Revision 16

A: Keeping in mind the steps you have taken so far and this excerpt :

Now I'm stuck on this section:
  http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/AndroidDriver#Build_the_Android_Code
Where do I run these commands? For example $./go android_client etc

The section is for building the Andriod WebDriver code. I suggest that you do not try running these commands as that section is not required to run the tests, which is your intention as  gathered from the excerpt below :

I think I just need to know how to compile properly and how to
  forward this test to the emulator. But I could be totally on the wrong
  track.

Basically  you have done all the foundation work and at this point all you need to do is run the test file.
You could try:
There is some useful information about  getting up and running on Eclipse here. Assuming that you have Eclipse running (Junit is already plugged in with eclipse) , you could right click your test  file in the Package Explorer window on Eclipse, then click Run As > Junit Test.
Hope this helps.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


At first glance, it can be hard to tell one entrance mat from another. So how do you know which one does better than the next when it comes to capturing sand and dirt that will otherwise get tracked into a building?
The answer is: by measuring the mat's performance. That's why we've developed a proprietary method for doing just that. It uses four simple criteria to help you decide which types of entrance mat to install where, and then make recommendations to architects, specifiers, and installers.
In principle, given a regular cleaning schedule, an entrance mat can scrape off up to two kilograms of sand for each square metre before it is fully saturated. In practice, though, the most a mat actually absorbs is between 70% and 95% of that amount.
The measure of how much sand gets past the mat is the building-soiling rate (BSR). The higher the SAR, the lower the BSR.
This measures how effectively a mat can be cleaned. Typical values range from 50% to 85%. The rest stays in the mat (see figure 1). And the more sand stays in the mat, the higher the wear and tear. That's because grains of sand are actually sharp and damage the pile over time.
This is the third criterion. All the sand that stays in the mat after vacuuming (under a regular vacuum-cleaning schedule) eventually builds up to a saturation point. In figure 2, the blue line shows the amount of sand the mat holds before and after each time it is vacuumed. The black line indicates the average amount of sand that stays in the mat through successive rounds of vacuuming.
This is the fourth criterion. A mat cannot look its best if it contains a lot of sand. We have put the range of cleanliness, from utterly spotless to fully saturated with dirt, on a scale from 1 to 5, where 5 is the cleanest.
Turning to figure 2 again, we see from the example that the saturation level is set at 50 grams. In figure 3, the optical performance of this product is 4.5 out of 5 at 50 grams, which is very good: almost none of the sand in the mat at saturation level can be seen.
Of these four criteria, two are key: SAR and OPR. These are shown in our specification tables.
Working with these criteria allows us not only to verify the quality of what we produce, but to fine-tune the characteristics we want, working in a cycle of continual improvement.