text:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

        <meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="content-type">
        <title>Round values</title>
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="Help.css">

Round values

            This tool rounds the values in an input image. If the fractional component is halfway between two integers, one of which is even and the other odd, then the even number is returned. For example, 0.5 rounds to 0, and 1.5 and 2.5 both round to 2. This is sometimes called banker's rounding, and it is commonly used to compensate for bias in summation of rounded values.

NoData values in the input image will be assigned NoData values in the output image.

See Also:

Truncate

Mathematical Analysis Tools

Scripting:

The following is an example of a Python script that uses this tool:

                wd = pluginHost.getWorkingDirectory()

                inputFile = wd + "input.dep"

                outputFile = wd + "output.dep"

                args = [inputFile, outputFile]

                pluginHost.runPlugin("Round", args, False)

This is a Groovy script also using this tool:

                def wd = pluginHost.getWorkingDirectory()

                def inputFile = wd + "input.dep"

                def outputFile = wd + "output.dep"

                String[] args = [inputFile, outputFile]

                pluginHost.runPlugin("Round", args, false)

Credits:

John Lindsay (2012) email: jlindsay@uoguelph.ca

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Miu Miu Stage bag ushers in the New Year.
We decided that the Miu Miu Stage bag from the Resort 2010 collection is the bag to bring in 2010 to Hong Kong. Not only are they in bright happy Spring shades of baby pink, lemon, white and pale grey, but they carry with them that element of bling every girl fancies in the form of a removable crystal chain. The Miu Miu Stage bag promises better days ahead and comes in soft napa leather, brocade prints and quilted leather for a bit of plush decadence.


text:
Ba'al Teshuva's handbook
The Ba'al Teshuva's handbook was designed to help people grow in their new found exploration of their Judiasm. While going on this spiritual journey, there are a lot of challenges up ahead. I want people to gain from any experience that I have had to help navigate those challenges as successfully as possible.
BT Problems & Solutions
BT Torah Inspiration
Other BT Sites & Groups
On the roof of the Aish center looking down at the Western Wall with Chevra & Davai in 2011
Parsha Ki Sisa – The Golden Calf… what the heck is going on here?!
The incident of the golden calf in the Torah portion of Ki Sisa is one of the most troubling things in all of Chumash.
It's hard for us to understand that a nation that stood at the foot of Mount Sinai and heard the words of the G-d directly could possibly sink so low in a short 39 days later.
To better understand the situation, let's first go over the words of the Torah translated from the Sapirstein Edition Artscroll Rashi Chumash. I'm going to highlight some key words that we'll focus on after the text.
Chapter 32, Verses 1-5: The people saw that Moses delayed in descending the mountain and the people gathered around Aaron and said to him "Rise up, make for us g-ds who will go before us, for this Moses, the man who brought us up from Egypt – we do not know what became of him!" Aaron said to them, "Remove the golden rings that are in the ears of your wives, your sons, and your daughters and bring them to me." The entire people unburdened themselves of the golden rings that were in their ears and brought them to Aaron. He took it from their hands and he bound it in a scarf, and made it into a molten calf; then they said, "These are your g-ds" O Israel, who brought you up from the land of Egypt." Aaron saw and built an alter before him; Aaron called out and said, "A festival to Hashem tomorrow!"
Verse 25-28: Moses stood at the gateway of the camp and said, "Whoever is for Hashem, the me!" and all the Levites gathered unto him. He said to them, "So said Hashem the G-d of Israel, 'Let them place every man his sword on his thigh, and pass back and forth from gate to gate in the camp; and let them kill every man his brother, every man his fellow and every man his relative'" The Levites did according to the word of Moses, and there fell from the people about three thousand men on that day."
Verse 35: Hashem smote the people with a plague, because they made the calf that Aaron had made.
Let's delve a little deeper into some of the back round stories (Midrashim) and commentaries.
1. Let's start with the word "g-ds" in the second line of my text. As we know, the Torah has many names for G-d. Some of those names can also be used for other things. In our verse, the Torah uses the name Elokim which can mean G-d, but can also mean leader.
2. To back up the "leader" explanation, we only need to go to the next line where the Torah uses the word "man." If the people really wanted to make an idol or another G-d, why would the purpose of its creation be because Moses was missing? Moses was clearly a man and their leader. The creation of the golden calf was clearly a poor attempt and trying to create a middle entity between them and G-d. Why did they think that needed something in between them and G-d? For that we can go back to the 10 commandments in the Torah portion Yisro where the commentators tell us that after hearing the first 2 commandments directly from G-d, it was too much for the people and they asked that Moses say the remaining commandments instead of G-d.
3. In line 5, Rashi tells us that Aaron told the men to get the jewelry from their wives as a delay tactic. He expected their wives to give them a hard time. In fact, he was correct. None of their wives gave up their gold or participated in the incident with the golden calf in any way.
4. In line 8 it says that, "They said" "O Israel." Clearly it seems like some people who are not Jews are speaking to the Jewish people. Rashi tells us that when the Jewish people left Egypt, a great conglomeration of different people followed them and it was in fact these people who incited the incident with the golden calf. This also explains who "the people" were that gathered around Aaron in the first place.
5. Once the calf was complete, Aaron states that there will be a festival to Hashem tomorrow. In doing this, he was saying two things. The first is that he was trying to delay them a day, because he knew that Moses would be back tomorrow. The second was that he was telling them that there is only one G-d, using the proper, undisputable name of Hashem.
6. Popular misconception is that the golden calf was worshiped by the entire nation or at least close to it. The Torah tells us that only 3,000 men committed the most grievous of sins. I can't find a reliable source for how many people died in the plague, but I've heard the number 30,000 thrown around. There were roughly 3 million people that left Egypt. 30,000 represent 1% of that. 3,000 represents .01% of that… a rather minuscule number compared to the people at large.
The crime that the rest of the people were guilty of was not stopping it. We are truly one people and we share in each others joys and sorrows. If our fellow sins and we have the ability to stop it and we don't, we bare some of the responsibility. We should try to keep this shared responsibility in mind in our daily lives
I originally wanted to also write about Aaron's role in the incident and how someone of his greatness could have participated and then get elevated to become High priest just a few Torah portions later, but since the article is long enough already you'll have to wait until next year.
Posted by Ari Miller at 7:53 PM
Like Ba'al Teshuvas Handbook on facebook
Welcome to the Ba'al Teshuvas Handbook
This blog was designed for Jews who have recently become religious (Ba'al Teshuvas) to help navigate through the changes in life and relationships that they're currently experiencing.
While it's very important to have a Rabbi, Rebbetzen or advisor who knows you personally and can give you the best advise on how to deal your new found exploration of Judaism, sometimes the people available are inadequate to deal with your most challenging questions or there's simply nobody available in the first place.
Ari Miller
My formal Jewish education ended when I was 12 years old. It was at that age, that my reformed synagogue had a break off, which my grandmother was apart of. After that, I didn't see much need for any type of spirituallity until I was 28. It was then that I met an orthadox Rabbi for the first time and started the process of learning, reconnecting with my Judaism and teshuva. There were many challenges along the way, but somehow I continue on my journey. When I first started this process, there were no resources that I knew about for Ba'al Teshuvas to help us try to incorporate some of these new ideas in our life without sending the rest of our life, including relationships with friends and family, into total chaos. I had to navigate some tough minefields with the help of a few friends going through the same thing, but basically unassisted by a spirtual mentor. It's with this purpose, that I want the Ba'al Teshuva's handbook to be a resource for you to help guide you through some of life's tough questions at such a meaningful time in your life.
Parsha Yisro - Is Judaism Sexist?
Since before the women's lib movement, people have been asking if traditional Judaism considers one sex on a higher spiritual level th...
Dear Beth, My mother doesn't keep kosher and I have to go to her house for dinner. What should I do?
Dear Beth, My parents are hosting thanksgiving dinner this year. My mother called me and told me that I have to be there… No excuses. I ...
The incident of the golden calf in the Torah portion of Ki Sisa is one of the most troubling things in all of Chumash. It's hard fo...
Jewish Law Question – How do I start praying?
We can look at the question of prayer from a couple different angles. The first is "What should I be thinking about while praying or what ...
Parsha Vayakhel – Pekudei – You got to have faith…
As we come to the end of the book of Exodus (Shemos), the Torah portion of Vayakhel, among other things, discusses the construction of the ...
Why are Jews so Successful? What would you say?
About 9 years ago I had an appointment with a client of mine and we decided to meet at a bar on in the upscale Rittenhouse Square neighb...
Definitions – Is he speaking English?
About 10 years ago, I was sitting in a class designed for Jews in their early stages of their reconnection to Judaism. About a half hour ...
Jewish Law Question: Kippahs & Sheitels... to cover or not to cover?
Covering your hair is one of the most difficult things for Ba'al Teshuvas to deal with. As the only real exterior manifestation or sig...
Jewish Law Question – If I want to start learning Torah, where should I begin?
As you know, learning is a fundamental part of being Jewish. Since the beginning of the Jewish people, we've always gravitated to the inte...
The Loshen Horah Game
More or less, my son has had a lot of the same kids in his class every year since he's been in school. Things went well in the first coupl...
Pesach: The BT Family Seder
Toulouse Murders: How can we understand such trage...
Parsha Vayikra – Animal sacrifice… gross!
Parsha Vayakhel – Pekudei – You got to have faith…...
Parsha Ki Sisa – The Golden Calf… what the heck is...
Have an idea for a new topic or just want reply privately. Email me at AriMiller613@gmail.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: High percentage of lost packets - TCP, ICMP - mtr - Complain to ISP? Problem
I'm having high packet loss, according to mtr, when sending packets over the Internet. Should I complain to my ISP?
Story
I am reading the OReilly Linux Networking Cookbook and the chapter Using traceroute, tcptraceroute, and mtr to
Pinpoint Network Problems drew my attention. Pinging a host like Google over the Internet from my ISP gives me record delays of 1200ms and higher (not only since today; since long time), so I thought I'd do no worse analyzing the way of the packets with mtr.
Mtr is a network diagnostic tool that combines ping and traceroute into one program.
The excerpt and, at the same time, the reason for this question thread is:

If any of these consistently get hung
  up at the same router, or if mtr
  consistently shows greater than 5
  percent packet losses and long transit
  times on the same router, then it's
  safe to say that particular router has
  a problem. If it's a router that you
  con- trol, then for gosh sakes fix it.
  If it isn't, use dig or whois to find
  out who it belongs to, and nicely
  report the trouble to them.

Issue
See the mtr --report www.google.com output yourself: (In total 12 tests, 1 test every 5 minutes; this is the report which represents the reliable 'average')
HOST: km                          Loss%   Snt   Last   Avg  Best  Wrst StDev
  1. 192.168.0.1                   0.0%    10    1.2   3.7   1.2   6.3   1.8
  2. 10.150.144.145               10.0%    10   89.1  77.3  58.7  90.4  11.1
  3. 172.16.251.1                 50.0%    10   52.2  62.1  52.2  70.3   8.8
  4. 172.16.250.54                60.0%    10   74.9  87.5  74.9 100.4  12.1
  5. 172.16.250.251               40.0%    10   68.6  75.4  52.4 113.8  24.2
  6. 200.85.47.2                  10.0%    10  109.6 110.6  80.6 146.2  21.1
  7. 201.217.4.113                 0.0%    10  103.6  87.3  64.4 103.7  12.2
  8. 201.217.0.9                   0.0%    10  229.0 102.6  46.7 229.0  48.1
  9. 201.217.0.3                   0.0%    10   78.8  88.1  53.9 128.8  23.8
 10. So2-3-2-0-grtbueba2.red.tele  0.0%    10  134.1 129.2  71.3 176.6  29.2
 11. Xe4-1-3-0-grtmiabr7.red.tele  0.0%    10  257.3 255.1 221.0 291.6  21.1
 12. Xe2-0-2-0-grtmiana3.red.tele  0.0%    10  290.4 267.0 213.2 319.1  31.0
 13. Xe2-0-2-0-grtmiana3.red.tele  0.0%    10  300.0 250.8 217.3 312.7  34.6
 14. GOOGLE-xe-5-0-0-0-grtmiana3. 10.0%    10  249.8 256.9 206.7 324.0  34.6
 15. 209.85.254.252                0.0%    10  254.3 253.8 217.1 283.1  23.4
 16. 209.85.254.252               10.0%    10  301.2 280.6 252.1 319.7  21.6
 17. 72.14.236.200                10.0%    10  273.4 278.4 238.4 311.0  25.0
 18. 216.239.49.145               20.0%    10  291.0 276.3 240.4 293.5  19.1
 19. 72.14.232.25                 10.0%    10  297.9 286.3 242.4 337.1  30.0
 20. yo-in-f105.1e100.net         70.0%    10  300.7 304.7 280.3 333.0  26.6

You see immediately that hosts 3-5 are experiencing a very high packet loss far over 5%. Doing a whois database query shows me that those are name-servers (please correct me if I'm wrong).
Questions

*

*What should I tell to my ISP? How to describe the problem..?

*What kind of research can I do in addition to facilitate troubleshooting? *1

*Any suggestions?
*1 Those guys from technical supports aren't always understanding or I can't express my problem clearly enough (Sometimes they're just idiots without doubt)

A: Many routers are typically programmed to give lower priority to ICMP packets so they aren't "wasting" processing power over "real" traffic.  Just because you see a hop with high loss doesn't mean it's slowing down "real" traffic; it may only be throwing away ICMP.  That's not necessarily good because it might mean the router is too busy, but it's not guaranteed.
The router may also be programmed to limit the number of responses it sends to ICMP packets in an effort to mitigate DoS attacks.

A: It can be that the error is inside your network.
Which one is your internet router/gateway ?
Chances are that
3. 172.16.251.1    50.0%    10   52.2  62.1  52.2  70.3   8.8
4. 172.16.250.54   60.0%    10   74.9  87.5  74.9 100.4  12.1
5. 172.16.250.251  40.0%    10   68.6  75.4  52.4 113.8  24.2

are inside your own network.

A: What kind of connection and subscribed bandwidth?  DSL, leased line, frame relay, cable?  768 down/128 up... etc.
You can get more realistic information by using WireShark, and capture/filter packets between two hosts for a period of time (30 minutes).  Then use the Statistics > TCP Stream Graph > Round Trip Time Graph.  Round Trip Time (RTT) is the actual delay at the tcp layer.

A: Given that you have a zero loss at hop 15, you know that you can get traffic all the way there without losses. All loss numbers on hops 1-15 are "local", i.e. the routers haven't responded to ICMP but they have forwarded your traffic.
The most loss it at the last hop, number 20, so the best guess is that the problem is congestion at the other end. A problem report to your ISP will do no good, but perhaps a complaint to whatever service it is on the other end might help.
Edit: I know this is an old question, but I think it deserves clarification about how to interpret loss numbers >0 followed by loss-free hops.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Campodorus callidulus är en stekelart som först beskrevs av Holmgren 1857.  Campodorus callidulus ingår i släktet Campodorus och familjen brokparasitsteklar. Arten är reproducerande i Sverige. Inga underarter finns listade.

Källor

Brokparasitsteklar
callidulus

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A while back I saw that the Dickinson Press newspaper was asking readers to vote in an online survey about the impacts of the oil boom on their community. I clicked to take the survey – hosted by online polling website Survey Monkey – because I was interested in the questions, but I didn't make much of the survey because online polls are pretty much worthless.
What's surprising is that Press editor Dustin Monke has taken the results of the survey and turned them into a lengthy article analyzing the results.
But nowhere in Monke's story is this simple fact mentioned: This survey is not reliable, and not scientific.
Again, I took the survey, and I live hundreds of miles from Dickinson. How many other people from outside of Dickinson took the poll, sharing opinions not formed through actually living in Dickinson? How many of the respondents weren't from Dickinson and were taking the poll because of political reasons, because they're for or against oil development? What controls were there for ensuring that the respondents are a representative sample of all of Dickinson?
The Press can't answer these questions. Which makes you wonder why they're bothering to write a report about a survey that may or may not be accurate. The Press is presenting this survey as representative of Dickinson's citizens, but there are no assurances that most of the people took the poll are even from the Dickinson area.
Monke's article doesn't even have a disclaimer about the fact that the survey is not scientific, and not controlled for residency, which might be important information for readers to factor in.
It could very well be that the survey is reflective of attitudes in Dickinson, though it's at odds with scientific polling released in January which showed very different views (albeit polling that was sponsored by the oil industry, so take that with a big grain of salt). The problem is, we can't say that the polling is reflective of anything other than visitors to the Dickinson Press website who happened to answer the questions.
The oil boom's impacts in the state are a serious issue, deserving of a better sort of journalism than this.


text:
Q: OR clause in firebase java android Does anyone know how I can do a common "OR" like in a where clause, in firebase?
I need to do that in the query, because I am sending the query to an adapter. So, i mean, I cannot add a listener and check one value and then another. I need to have the complete query pointing to that result in my query.
What I have is something like:
chat1:
   user1Id: "1"
   user2Id: "2"
   bothUsers: "1_2"

chat2:
   user1Id: "2"
   user2Id: "4"
   bothUsers: "2_4"

I need to get all the chats of the user whose id is "2". I am trying to do a query like:
userLogged = 2;
Query queryRef = firebase.orderByChild("user2Id").equalTo(userLogged);

However it will only get the chats when the user 2 is in the user2Id position. But in the example above, when the user 2 is in the user1Id (chat2) it won't get. And I need to get it. How can I do this?

A: In a NoSQL database you will often have to model your data for the way your app needs it (see this article for a good explanation on NoSQL Data Modeling). So if you need a list of all chats for a specific user, store that list:
/userChats
  user1Id
    chat1: true
  user2Id
    chat1: true
    chat2: true
  user4Id
    chat2: true

This process is called denormalizing and it is covered in the article I linked above, in the Firebase documentation on structuring data and in this blog post.


text:
NBZ, Inc. v. Pilarski
Runzheimer Int'l, Ltd. v. Friedlen
A covenant not to compete is such a contract. NBZ, Inc. v. Pilarski, 185 Wis.2d 827, 837, 520 N.W.2d 93…
Techworks v. Wille
General Medical Corp., 179 Wis. 2d at 434, 507 N.W.2d at 386 (quoted source omitted). This presents "a…
Full title:NBZ, INC., d/b/a Studio 890, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Paula PILARSKI…
Court:Court of Appeals of Wisconsin
Date published: Jun 8, 1994
185 Wis. 2d 827 (Wis. Ct. App. 1994)
520 N.W.2d 93
Court of Appeals of Wisconsin
In NBZ, the court of appeals determined covenants not to compete under Wis.Stat. § 103.465 are "subject to common law contract principles as well as [statutory] requirements."
Summary of this case from Great Lakes Excavating, Inc. v. Dollar Tree Stores, Inc.
Submitted on briefs April 26, 1994. —
Decided June 8, 1994.
APPEAL from a judgment of the circuit court for Waukesha County: ROBERT G. MAWDSLEY, Judge. Affirmed.
On behalf of the plaintiff-appellant, the cause was submitted on the briefs of George N. Kotsonis of Milwaukee.
On behalf of the defendant-respondent, the cause was submitted on the brief of Arnold P. Anderson of Mohr, Anderson McClurg, S.C. of Hartford.
Before Brown, Nettesheim and Snyder, JJ.
BROWN, J.
The issues in this case arise from a covenant not to compete executed between NBZ, Inc., doing business as Studio 890 — a hairstyling concern — and Paula Pilarski, a former Studio 890 employee. The first issue is whether restrictive covenants in employment contracts, subject to the requirements of § 103.465, STATS., are also subject to common law contract principles requiting that a contract be supported by consideration. We hold that covenants not to compete must be supported by consideration and affirm the trial court on this issue.
The second issue is whether the covenant executed after the start of employment was supported by consideration. We affirm the trial court's findings of fact that no consideration accrued to Pilarski in exchange for signing the covenant.
The third issue is whether Studio 890's appeal was frivolous under RULE 809.25(3), STATS., because it was filed "solely for purposes of harassing or maliciously injuring another." We hold that the appeal was not frivolous.
The facts are as follows. Studio 890 is a beauty salon in Elm Grove, Wisconsin. The salon hired Pilarski on April 17, 1989 and placed her in its training program. While in training, Pilarski was paid a salary based on an hourly wage, ranging from $3.35 to $4.25 an hour. On May 23, 1989, while Pilarski was still in training, Studio 890 and Pilarski executed an "Employee Agreement and Commitment" and an "Agreement Not to Compete."
The employee agreement provided that "[e]mployer retains employee and employee accepts full time employment within the business of selling cosmetology services and related products at Studio 890, beginning as of the effective date of this agreement, continuing until employment has been terminated by either party and continuing as hereinafter provides."
The covenant not to compete provided that Pilarski would be restricted for one year after employment termination from competing within a five-mile area of the employer's place of business. The covenant also provided that "it is understood and agreed between Employer and Employee that Employer's customers and customer relations are the most important assets and Employer could not continue to do business without its customers."
Pilarski finished the training program in approximately August 1989 and became a hairstylist at Studio 890. As a hairstylist, Pilarski was either paid 47.5% of the gross revenue generated by her work or, alternatively, a guaranteed salary based on an hourly wage.
Pilarski left the salon's employment on August 21, 1990. On September 4, 1990, Pilarski began working at Henry Steven's Salon, a salon which was started by another former employee of Studio 890. Henry Steven's Salon was within five miles of Studio 890. This other employee had not executed a covenant not to compete.
Studio 890 brought an action against Pilarski for a permanent injunction requiting her to terminate her employment at Henry Steven's Salon. The trial court dismissed the action. The trial court held that under Behnke v. Hertz Corp., 70 Wis.2d 818, 821, 235 N.W.2d 690, 692 (1975), covenants not to compete must be supported by consideration and that the covenant executed in this case was not supported by consideration. The trial court further held that the covenant was not valid under § 103.465, STATS., because it was not reasonably necessary for the protection of the employer.
First, we address the issue of whether a covenant not to compete subject to § 103.465, STATS., must be supported by consideration. This issue involves the interpretation of a statute. The interpretation of a statute presents a question of law which we review de novo. See Awve v. Physicians Ins. Co., 181 Wis.2d 815, 821, 512 N.W.2d 216, 218 (Ct.App. 1994).
Section 103.465, STATS., sets forth the requirements for an enforceable restrictive covenant in an employment contract but does not address on its face the question of whether a restrictive covenant must be supported by consideration. The common law required restrictive covenants in employment contracts to be supported by consideration. Durbrow Comm'n Co. v. Donner, 201 Wis. 175, 178, 229 N.W. 635, 636 (1930). Studio 890 contends that § 103.465 abrogated the common law requirement. Studio 890 further argues that if the legislature had intended consideration to be a requirement, it would have explicitly stated the requirement in this section.
Section 103.465, STATS., provides:
A covenant by an assistant, servant or agent not to compete with his employer or principal during the term of the employment or agency, or thereafter, within a specified territory and during a specified time is lawful and enforceable only if the restrictions imposed are reasonably necessary for the protection of the employer or principal. Any such restrictive covenant imposing an unreasonable restraint is illegal, void and unenforceable even as to so much of the covenant or performance as would be a reasonable restraint.
We disagree with Studio 890 and hold that covenants not to compete are subject to common law contract principles as well as § 103.465, STATS., requirements. In Behnke, 70 Wis.2d at 821, 235 N.W.2d at 692, our supreme court cited with favor a law review article stating that 103.465 was "based almost completely upon the pre-existing structure of the common law as established in Wisconsin and elsewhere." Id. (citing George A. Richards, Drafting and Enforcing Restrictive Covenants Not to Compete, 55 MARQ. L. REV. 241 (1972)). Because Behnke addressed the reasonableness of a restrictive covenant and not the issue of whether there was a contract in the first place, we read Behnke as persuasive but not as resolving this issue. Furthermore, our independent research did not reveal any case law reaching the issue.
The plain meaning of this statute does not answer the consideration question; thus, we hold that the statute is ambiguous as to this issue. See Hainz v. Shopko Stores, Inc., 121 Wis.2d 168, 173, 359 N.W.2d 397, 400 (Ct.App. 1984). Therefore, we turn to canons of statutory construction for guidance. See id. The canons of construction provide that a statute does not abrogate any rule of common law unless the abrogation is so clearly expressed as to leave no doubt of the legislature's intent. Waukesha County v. Johnson, 107 Wis.2d 155, 162, 320 N.W.2d 1, 4 (Ct.App. 1982). A statute in derogation of the common law must be strictly construed so as to have minimal effect on the common law rule. Id.
To apply this rule of construction, three requirements must be met:
(1) there must be a common law doctrine in existence, or potentially in existence, relevant to the issue presented by the parties; (2) the statute in issue must be one which, construed as the party pleading it contended, would operate to change the common law; and (3) the statute must be ambiguous on its face.
Waukesha County v. Johnson, 107 Wis.2d 155, 162-63, 320 N.W.2d 1, 4 (Ct.App. 1982). Studio 890 concedes that the first two requirements are satisfied here as follows: (1) prior to the enactment of § 103.465, STATS., the common law required contracts in restraint of trade to be supported by "valuable consideration" and (2) Studio 890's construction of § 103.465 would change the common law requirements. See Durbrow Comm'n Co. v. Donner, 201 Wis. 175, 178, 229 N.W. 635, 636 (1930). The third requirement is also met because the statute is ambiguous regarding this question.
We hold that an intent to abrogate the common law is not clearly expressed in § 103.465, STATS. A covenant not to compete is a contract. See Behnke, 70 Wis.2d at 820, 235 N.W.2d at 692. Although § 103.465 does not contain the word "consideration," the section also does not contain the words "offer" and "acceptance." It is hornbook law that "offer," "acceptance" and "consideration" are elements of an enforceable contract. See 1 ARTHUR LINTON CORBIN, CORBIN ON CONTRACTS §§ 11, 112 (1963). The existence of an offer and acceptance are mutual expressions of assent, and consideration is evidence of the intent to be bound to the contract. See id. We do not discern from § 103.465 any legislative intent to abandon the principles by which a contract is formed in the first instance.
Next, we address the second issue of whether the trial court erred when it found that there was no consideration for the execution of the covenant after employment began. Studio 890 argues that continued employment alone will serve as consideration for a covenant not to compete. However, Studio 890 does not offer any authority for this proposition and our independent research did not reveal any such authority. Thus, we conduct our analysis of this issue under the contract principle that an exchange of promises may constitute consideration for a bilateral contract. See Ferraro v. Koelsch, 124 Wis.2d 154, 164, 368 N.W.2d 666, 671-72 (1985).
According to an early Wisconsin case, Wisconsin Ice Coal Co. v. Lueth, 213 Wis. 42, 43-44, 250 N.W. 819, 819-20 (1933), a promise of initial employment is sufficient consideration for a restrictive covenant even if the employment is at will. Timothy A. Nettesheim Larri J. Broomfield, Restrictive Covenants and the Wisconsin Service Professional, WIS. LAW., Feb. 1993, at 20, 21 24 n. 11. However, here the circuit court found that the covenant was not executed until after employment began and Studio 890 does not contest this finding of fact.
Because we read the circuit court's decision and the parties' arguments to presume a bilateral contract, our analysis here also presumes a bilateral contract. "In a bilateral contract, the promise of each promisor must be bargained for and given in exchange for the other's promise. In a unilateral contract, the performance must be bargained for and given in exchange for the promisor's promise." Kathryn J. Yates, Consideration for Employee Noncompetition Covenants in Employments at Will, 54 FORDHAM L. REVIEW 1123, 1128 n. 22 (1986) (citations omitted).
The party seeking to avoid a contract has the burden of proving failure of consideration. Jax v. Jax, 73 Wis.2d 572, 586, 243 N.W.2d 831, 839 (1976). Whether consideration supports a contract presents a question of fact. See Gertsch v. International Equity Research, 158 Wis.2d 559, 576, 463 N.W.2d 853, 860 (Ct.App. 1990); Jax, 73 Wis.2d at 586, 243 N.W.2d at 839. We must uphold the trial court's findings of fact unless clearly erroneous. Section 805.17(2), STATS.
We hold that the trial court's findings of fact are not clearly erroneous and support its conclusion that the covenant was not supported by consideration. The trial court found that continued employment was not conditioned on signing the covenant. The trial testimony supports this finding. The president of the corporation testified that during certain time periods the company had a policy to ask employees to sign the restrictive covenants, but at other times the company did not have such a policy, "There has been one, there hasn't been one and then there has been one." The president further testified, "If somebody said I will not sign it, I don't know what I would do. I never had anyone do that."
Furthermore, Pilarski was still in training at the time of signing the covenant. Thus, there is no indication that a change of status from trainee to hairstylist served as consideration for Pilarski's promise and we do not address whether a change of status alone would serve as consideration. We hold that the evidence does not show that Studio 890 conditioned employment or promised to do anything in exchange for Pilarski's signing the covenant. Therefore, we affirm the trial court's finding of no consideration.
Having decided that the covenant fails under common law contract analysis, we need not address the § 103.465, STATS., requirements. However, even if we were to reach the issue of whether the covenant satisfies the statutory requirements, we would be hard pressed to hold that the covenant was valid. Under § 103.465, the court's first inquiry is whether the covenant was reasonably necessary to protect the employer. Fields Found., Ltd. v. Christensen, 103 Wis.2d 465, 470, 309 N.W.2d 125, 128 (Ct.App. 1981). Whether the covenant is reasonably necessary to protect the employer depends on the totality of the circumstances and is a question of law to be resolved on the basis of factual findings. Id. at 473, 309 N.W.2d at 130. "[T]o enforce a restraint, the employee must present a substantial risk either to the employer's relationships with his customers or with respect to confidential business information." Id. at 471, 309 N.W.2d at 129 (quoted source omitted). The employer has the burden of proving the reasonable necessity of the restrictive covenant. Geocaris v. Surgical Consultants, Ltd., 100 Wis.2d 387, 388, 302 N.W.2d 76, 77 (Ct.App. 1981).
Case law has distilled the following five requirements from the statute: "The covenant must (1) be necessary for the protection of the employer; (2) provide a reasonable time restriction; (3) provide a reasonable territorial limit; (4) not be harsh or oppressive as to the employee; and (5) not be contrary to public policy." Fields Found., Ltd. v. Christensen, 103 Wis.2d 465, 470, 309 N.W.2d 125, 128 (Ct.App. 1981).
Here, the trial court found that Studio 890 did not execute restrictive covenants in a systematic manner and that Pilarski's relationships with Studio 890 customers, representing 2% of the gross revenue of the salon, did not pose a substantial risk to the employer's relationships with its customers. Furthermore, the evidence does not show that Pilarski's new employment at Henry Steven's Salon rendered Studio 890 unable to compete. We agree with the trial court that, under the totality of the circumstances, Studio 890 did not show that the restrictive covenant with Pilarski was reasonably necessary to protect its interests.
Pilarski asks us to find Studio 890's appeal frivolous under RULE 809.25(3), STATS. We decide as a matter of law whether an appeal is frivolous. J.J. Andrews, Inc. v. Midland, 164 Wis.2d 215, 225, 474 N.W.2d 756, 760 (Ct.App. 1991). Under RULE 809.25(3), to find an appeal frivolous we must find that the appeal (1) was filed in bad faith for the sole purpose of harassing or maliciously injuring another or (2) is without any reasonable basis in law or equity.
Pilarski claims that Studio 890 maintains this appeal solely to harass her because it could not pursue a claim against a former employee — the person who trained her at Studio 890 and who took Pilarski with him when he left. He did not execute a covenant not to compete. Pilarski contends that she was the "victim of a vendetta."
Initially, we note that Pilarski did not raise a corresponding argument under § 814.025(3)(a), STATS., to the trial court that Studio 890 commenced or continued the action in "bad faith, solely for purposes of harassing or maliciously injuring another." See id. RULE 809.25(3), STATS., does not on its face prohibit a successful motion for frivolous appeal on the basis of bad faith where the party has not also brought a motion under § 814.025 on the basis of bad faith. However, we are precluded from resolving factual issues and must look to the appellate record to determine whether Studio 890 maintains this appeal in bad faith. See Tomah-Mauston Broadcasting Co. v. Eklund, 143 Wis.2d 648, 659, 422 N.W.2d 169, 173 (Ct.App. 1988). We hold that the record does not provide a basis for Pilarski's conclusory allegations of Studio 890's intent to harass her during this appeal.
Our independent research of Wisconsin case law does not reveal a procedure where an intent to harass in maintaining an appeal is alleged, but where an intent to harass at the trial court level was not also alleged. We also do not find case law from other states helpful. However, the United States Courts of Appeal have taken various approaches to the issue of an appellant's bad faith in maintaining an appeal.
For instance, where the appellate record reveals a "clear showing" that the appeal was maintained for purposes of delay with benefit to the appellant, the Courts of Appeal have held that the appeal was taken in bad faith. Compare West Virginia v. Chas. Pfizer Co., 440 F.2d 1079, 1092 (2d Cir.) (holding that in cases of frivolous appeals under FED. R. APP. P. 38 and 28 U.S.C. § 1912 the imposition of sanctions requires a clear showing of bad faith), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 871 (1971), with United States v. Santa Fe Engineers, Inc., 567 F.2d 860, 861 (9th Cir. 1978) (holding that where the appellate brief contained twenty-three allegations of error in an attempt to retry factual issues in the appellate forum, the appellant maintained the appeal for purposes of delay to avoid obligations under a contract). Similarly, where an appellant has asserted "blatantly baseless arguments," the Second Circuit has held that the appeal was interposed for the purposes of harassment and delay. Hastings v. Maine-Endwell Cent. Sch. Dist., 676 F.2d 893, 897-98 (2d Cir. 1982). Furthermore, reckless mis-citation to the record may constitute evidence of a lack of good faith. Herzfeld Stern v. Blair, 769 F.2d 645, 647 (10th Cir. 1985). Here, there is no showing in the appellate briefs or the appellate record of any such purpose of delay for Studio 890's benefit, any blatantly baseless arguments, or reckless conduct.
Rule 38 provides: "If a court of appeals shall determine that an appeal is frivolous, it may award just damages and single or double costs to the appellee." FED. R. APP. P. 38.
28 U.S.C. § 1912 (1994) provides: "Where a judgment is affirmed by the Supreme Court or a court of appeals, the court in its discretion may adjudge to the prevailing party just damages for his delay, and single or double costs."
The Second Circuit has also inferred bad faith in maintaining an appeal when the record contains uncontroverted facts showing bad faith in the bringing of the lawsuit and the district court has made findings of fact about bad faith shown during the pretrial and trial process. See Fox v. Boucher, 794 F.2d 34, 38 (2d Cir. 1986). Thus, an appellate court may reasonably infer that a lawsuit commenced and pursued in bad faith is also maintained upon appeal in bad faith. See id. Here, we cannot conclude from uncontroverted facts that Studio 890 commenced this lawsuit in bad faith. Further, the trial court did not make findings of fact about bad faith in bringing the action because Pilarski did not bring a motion under § 814.025, STATS.
There may be a case where we might remand for fact-finding on bad faith under RULE 809.25(3), STATS. — for instance, when a party alleges bad faith conduct occurring after trial and during the appeal. However, here, Pilarski has not alleged any bad faith conduct on the part of Studio 890 that she could not have raised before the trial court in a § 814.025, STATS., motion. Therefore, we hold that the bad faith issue in the context of this entire litigation is not supported by the appellate record. By the Court. — Judgment affirmed.
In NBZ we held that an employee's covenant not to compete with the employer after employment termination requires consideration.
Summary of this case from Ryan v. Cnty. of Milwaukee Pension Bd. of the Employees' Ret. Sys.


High scoring games and a slew of yardage ended up in many surprising upsets. New Orleans a 7 point favorite got beat in Arizona. Other two heavy underdogs Oakland and Tennessee came up with big wins. The Giants were the underdog team who won by the biggest differential. Unbelievably so, the Lions put up their best offensive performances in years and brought down the Rams (a pick this week).
My picks went 2-3 for a 4% loss on investment. The good news is that all picks together went 64%, so we are definitely still in the game. We just need to jump right back this week with huge wins. Setting this week's bankroll budget at 19%, for the 3 games ahead of us, we'll invest 1915*.19/3 = $121 per game.
Home underdogs are everyone's favorites, especially when the margin is high. I'm not a believer in generalizing a betting strategy simply like that, but this week I like St.Louis jumping back from their loss and maybe coming up with a victory. Green Bay can score some points at home and if its defense holds (hopefully Clay Mathews plays), they can keep Miami near its season average of 16pts/game. Baltimore is a difficult pick since New England is scoring TDs like crazy. But I have to stick with my guns and forget about what I think is right.
Other noticeable picks are: Detroit, Tennessee, and Cleveland. Once again, here are the NFLpickles free point spread estimates for Week 6 of 2010.
Not much to say on your picks. I didn't even consider any of them! I feel like I am missing out on so much living on the other side of the world. Not nearly enough highlights and news to help me make informed decisions.
Ah, well. 2-1 last week... I have a nebulous sense of dread about this week's picks, but I made them anyway.
Good luck! I know you've got another winning season in you!
I've started a site dedicated to making statistically based picks at Probable Picks. I followed your site all last season and am excited to join the conversation. My first picks are up for this week here.
My model is pointing to the Jets -3, Rams +8.5, Colts -3 and Chiefs +4.5.
My model also points toward the Ravens, but doesn't reach the confidence threshold to make it an official pick.
Nice Probable. I like it. Does this mean you are now my official competitor? jk If so, we should definitely exchange links on our blog roll.
I actually think our picks (your actual picks, and my backtest picks) tend complement each other. We don't have a lot of overlapping picks, which makes me think that we are approaching the problem from different angles. It also suggests that there are more misplaced lines than I would have guessed.
No congruent picks this week Jamie. Actually I have a slight lean towards New England. Take that as a good sign for your picks given my recent record a feeble 1-3. With some influence from dtBy I back tested my data keying on dogs and love the results.
My picks for the week.
My picks last week were horrible, anything can happen on any given sunday.


Under a government directive released in late January, citizens from 40 countries will be eligible to apply for the e-visas starting on February 1. Included on the list are China, Japan, South Korea, the U.S., the U.K., Germany and Sweden, all major target markets for Vietnam's tourism sector. For the full list of eligible nationalities, click here.
It will take three working days for tourists to find out if their applications have been approved or not, according to the directive.
Visitors can touch down at any of Vietnam's eight international airports, including Tan Son Nhat in Ho Chi Minh City, Noi Bai in Hanoi and Da Nang in the central region. They can also arrive via land at 13 international border gates, and via sea at seven ports across the country.
In November last year, Vietnam's National Assembly overwhelmingly approved the plan to allow foreign visitors to apply online for 30-day, single-entry e-visas.
Apart from visa exemptions for tourists from the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), Vietnam offers 15-day visa exemptions for visitors from the U.K., France, Germany, Spain, Italy, Russia, Japan, South Korea, Denmark, Norway, Finland, Sweden and Belarus.
Tourism authorities are expecting to receive 11.5 million foreign arrivals this year, up 15 percent from 2016.


Take time to explore it and see what has already been loaded on to it and what the possibilities are. It has been designed to be easy to maintain but also to be extendable so that new information and its presentation can be added by the Club's officers. Click the READ MORE button to learn more about the design and use of the different functions.
The website has undergone intensive testing prior to release but if you should find an error please let me know as soon as possible via Website Development on the CONTACT US option.
If you are viewing the Home Page with a restricted width window it is possible that you won't be able to see a line of Tabs below the Magnifier symbol at the top of the page. Either make the window wider or click the symbol to the left of the magnifier and they will appear. This may not work with Internet Explorer which is no longer supported - you will need to choose another browser.
The magnifier symbol allows you to search the information held on the website. Hints on searching can be accessed from the Search screen.
The subject headings: Woolhope Club, Topics, Publications, News, Discover, Meetings across the screen give access to the information it holds. As you pass across these headings drop-down lists may appear with further sub-headings or you can select the main heading for information about it.
Each of the major subject headings under TOPICS has a number of sub-topics so you can select these for further exploration. Initially much of the information to be found under the headings has a south Herefordshire bias, but as more is loaded this will change. The website's content will depend on input from Club members and the public.
The heading PUBLICATIONS gives access to the Transactions, HAN, and other kinds of publications. Again, clicking the heading gives you information and you can access the publications menu here.
The Club's website allows the Club's officers to perform essential functions such as giving information on meetings, the Club's organisation, members' list and financial reports, for example. It can be thought of as a filing cabinet for all sorts of information including its design and the Club's administration data, these latter functions being only accessible to certain Club officers.
The filing cabinet's drawers are rather empty at the moment as it is designed to serve us for years to come. There are empty file holders with their names in place, some file holders not yet named and some with many files already in them e.g. Publications. The Club is asking its members (in the first instance) to help fill up the drawers with interesting information and make the website – the Club's public face – take us on into the next 160 years.
If you would like to know more or contribute ideas please email me via Website Development on the Contact Us form.


text:
palmyra palm meaning in tamil
Quality: It is called Gula Jawa (Javanese sugar) in Indonesia, and is widely used in Javanese cuisine. This sap was the main source of sugar production in Thailand before sugarcane was introduced, as can be seen in the Thai word for sugar, nam tan (น้ำตาล), which literally means the water of the tala palm. This is the reason why English is the second language learned by most of the people. The skin is also eaten as part of the fruit similar to how mango skins are often consumed along with the fruit. La Quality: We're part of Translated, so if you ever need professional translation services, then go checkout our main site, Usage Frequency: 1, Usage Frequency: 45, Usage Frequency: 3, Usage Frequency: 31, Usage Frequency: 2. Palmyra Fruit meaning and translation in Malayalam, Tamil, Kannada, Telugu, Hindi, Bengali, Gujarati, Marati, Oriya and Punjabi | Pachakam.com How to say palm tree in Tamil. Each leaf made four pages. This custom shows that wearing the palm leaf with written mantra has been there for ages. The palmyra tree is the official tree of Tamil Nadu. The fruits are black to brown with sweet, fibrous pulp and each seed is enclosed within a woody endocarp. The white kernel of the ripe palm fruit after being left for a few months is used as an offering in Lakshmi Puja in various parts of Bengal and is also eaten raw. It is found native along the entire northern shores of the Indian Ocean, from the mouth of … Reference: Anonymous. Use this free dictionary to get the definition of friend in Tamil and also the definition of friend in English. Tamil is also an official spoken language in Sri Lanka & Singapore. [5][6], Borassus flabellifer is a robust tree and can reach a height of 30 metres (98 ft). The top portion of the fruit must be cut off to reveal the sweet jelly seed sockets, translucent pale-white, similar to that of the lychee but with a milder flavor and no pit. Devi Aparadha Kshamapana Stotram - In sanskrit with meaning - composed by Sri Adi Shankaracharya. Tamil Translation. Tamil is a very old classical language and has inscriptions from 500 B.C and plays a significant role as a language in the world today. Learn how and when to remove this template message. In contrast, the female flowers are golfball-sized and solitary, sitting upon the surface of the inflorescence axis. Palm food. Add a translation. Reference: Anonymous, Last Update: 2011-10-23 Usage Frequency: 1 The Borassus flabellifer leaves are used for thatching, mats, baskets, fans, hats, umbrellas, and as writing material. All the literature of the old Tamil was written in preserved Palm leaves also known as Palm-leaf manuscript. Use * for blank tiles (max 2) Advanced Search Advanced Search: Use * for blank spaces Advanced Search: Advanced Word Finder: See Also in English. But if the entire fruit is left to ripen, the fibrous outer layer of the palm fruits can also be eaten raw, boiled, or roasted.
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palmyra palm meaning in tamil 2020


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When Prognosticator Extraordinaire Harry Schultz retired in December of 2011, the world of investors (particularly those of a contrarian bent) lost one of its most valuable (and valued) friends.
In addition to possessing a mind that was quite the crystal ball, "Uncle Harry" was good at coming up with clever sayings that simplified any given situation. The title of this article is a good example. It refers to those who offer commentary on the evolving gold saga.
Similarly, if gold heads south $50, the same pundits say, "Sell." And so on. In a sense, this makes them appear to be knowledgeable, as those who are on the fringes of the gold investment market are able to see their favourite pundits riding along with the herd, whichever direction the herd turns.
The trouble is, by "chasing" the market, money is rarely made by investors. Truth be told, there are more losers than winners in the market. When they lose, they tend to tear up their tickets like bettors at the racetrack whose horses have just lost the race, and walk away dejectedly. But, amazingly, many investors keep coming back for more, following the same method that has repeatedly failed them.
Albert Einstein defined "insanity" as "doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results." Many gold investors, like bettors at the racetrack, or perennial losers at the casinos, will repeat the exact same mistake over and over with regard to their gold investments. Any attempt to help them by suggesting a real investment strategy is indeed like herding cats.
This trend is so prominent that veteran prognosticator Jim Sinclair has recently stated that he is receiving literally thousands of queries from worried investors as to what they should do, with gold having dropped below $1650. His advice has consistently been to tell investors to keep their nerve and not chase the trends.
But, if "chasing the trends" is such a predictable recipe for loss of wealth, what driving traits are responsible for the fact that such a large number of investors return again and again to it? The answer, as stated by some long-term gold investors, is that greed and fear are the drivers. My own assessment is a slight variation on this. I see it as greed, fear and impulsiveness.
All of us have greed within us to one extent or another. It is always tempting to think that there is a way that we can achieve financial gains more quickly than we could by going to work at our regular jobs for the day.
But, to my mind, the key is impulsiveness. The more impulsive we are, the greater the likelihood that, when we see the money train rolling by, we may want to jump on, without a clear plan in place.
Next comes fear. When we hear that our investment is headed south, our impulsiveness comes into play again, and we jump off the train quickly.
Greed and fear are not necessarily destructive traits, if we can avoid the impulsiveness that so often accompanies them. We can take the time necessary to develop a long-term investment plan, to do regular research on our choice of investment category. Then, the trick is to avoid getting emotional about the investment, to stick to the plan as long as the conditions follow the anticipated course.
All of the above will seem elementary to those readers who have long-since adopted this approach. For those who may just be beginning an interest in precious metals, a broad understanding may soon be essential. In the next few years, many fortunes will be made, but many more are likely to be lost.
For those of us who have been in gold for over, say, ten years, there has been a nice, pleasant little ride to 2012. Whilst it may have been a lonely ride, as, in the beginning, there were very few who agreed with our reasoning, it has, generally speaking, been a long, comfy ride upward, with few major hiccups.
This will soon change. As we have stated since September of 2011, we are now leaving the eye of the economic hurricane, and the other side promises an infinitely wilder ride. As was predicted, since September, events have been increasing in both their frequency and their severity. In the near future, the reader may expect this trend to become even more pronounced.
On the other side of the pond, in America, we can expect further Quantitative Easing as a result. Few things could be a greater incentive for the Federal Reserve to set the printing presses into overdrive than deflation in Europe. In order to keep the good ship Titanic afloat a while longer, inflation would not only be useful, but essential. Dramatic inflation (if not hyperinflation) of the dollar will take place.
So what will this mean to gold investors? It will mean that we are in for a real rollercoaster ride. The daily and weekly fluctuations will be far more dramatic. The cats will be chasing their own tails, and the cumulative message will be "Buy! Sell! Buy! Sell!" as confusion and (in some cases) panic replaces thoughtful speculation.
This is the time when real nerve will be required – the time when the mania begins that some have been preparing for, for so long. When this phase of the gold bull market kicks in, a long-term plan and a cool head will be essential.
Our herd of cats will find themselves on a hot tin roof. Gold investment, over the next few years, will not be for the impulsive. But, make no mistake about it – for many who have been invested for many years, this will be the FA Cup Final or, in American terms, possibly the World Series. This is the big one that gold investors have been awaiting. It will be quite a ride. Seatbelts on.


11/19/2015 Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by recorded vote: 241 - 185 (Roll no. 641).
11/16/2015 Committee on Oversight and Government discharged.
11/16/2015 Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Financial Services. H. Rept. 114-332, Part I.
12/17/2015 Senate Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.
11/30/2015 Senate Received in the Senate.
11/19/2015-11:36am House Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
11/19/2015-11:36am House On passage Passed by recorded vote: 241 - 185 (Roll no. 641).
11/19/2015-11:28am House On motion to recommit with instructions Failed by recorded vote: 182 - 242 (Roll no. 640).
11/19/2015-11:14am House DEBATE - The House proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the motion to recommit with instructions. The instructions contained in the motion seek to require the bill to be reported back to the House with an amendment adding new language outlining further considerations the Board shall take when determining which companies would be eligible to participate in the program.
11/18/2015-7:21pm House POSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - Pursuant to clause 1(c) of Rule 19, the Speaker postponed further proceedings on H.R. 3189.
11/18/2015-7:20pm House The House adopted the amendment as agreed to by the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union.
11/18/2015-7:19pm House The House rose from the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union to report H.R. 3189.
11/18/2015-7:07pm House DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 529, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the King (IA) amendment No. 6.
11/18/2015-7:06pm House H.Amdt.837 On agreeing to the Grayson amendment (A004) Failed by voice vote.
11/18/2015-7:01pm House DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 529, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Grayson amendment No. 5.
11/18/2015-6:59pm House H.Amdt.836 On agreeing to the Grayson amendment (A003) Agreed to by voice vote.
11/18/2015-6:58pm House DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 529, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Grayson amendment No. 3.
11/18/2015-6:57pm House H.Amdt.835 On agreeing to the Heck (WA) amendment (A002) Agreed to by voice vote.
11/18/2015-6:52pm House DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 529, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Heck (WA) amendment No. 2.
11/18/2015-6:52pm House H.Amdt.834 On agreeing to the Heck (WA) amendment (A001) Failed by voice vote.
11/18/2015-6:41pm House DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 529, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Heck (WA) amendment No. 1.
11/18/2015-5:30pm House GENERAL DEBATE - The Committee of the Whole proceeded with one hour of general debate on H.R. 3189.
11/18/2015-5:30pm House The Speaker designated the Honorable Kevin Yoder to act as Chairman of the Committee.
11/18/2015-5:30pm House House resolved itself into the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union pursuant to H. Res. 529 and Rule XVIII.
11/18/2015-5:30pm House Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 1210 and H.R. 3189. Previous question shall be considered as ordered without intervening motions except motion to recommit with or without instructions. Measure will be considered read. Rule provides that H.R. 1210 shall be amended by the text of Rules Committee Print 114-34 and that the amendment printed in part A of the report from the Committee on Rules shall be separately debatable for 10 minutes. H.R. 3189 shall be amended by the text of Rules Committee Print 114-35 and modified by the amendment printed in Part B of the report. No further amendments other than those printed in Part C of the report shall be in order for H.R. 3189.
11/18/2015-5:28pm House ORDER OF PROCEDURE - Mr. Hensarling asked unanimous consent that the question of adopting a motion to recommit on H.R. 3189 may be subject to postponement as though under clause 8 of rule 20. Agreed to without objection.
11/18/2015-1:42pm House Rule H. Res. 529 passed House.
11/17/2015-5:41pm House Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 529 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 1210 and H.R. 3189. Previous question shall be considered as ordered without intervening motions except motion to recommit with or without instructions. Measure will be considered read. Rule provides that H.R. 1210 shall be amended by the text of Rules Committee Print 114-34 and that the amendment printed in part A of the report from the Committee on Rules shall be separately debatable for 10 minutes. H.R. 3189 shall be amended by the text of Rules Committee Print 114-35 and modified by the amendment printed in Part B of the report. No further amendments other than those printed in Part C of the report shall be in order for H.R. 3189.
11/16/2015 House Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 253.
11/16/2015 House Committee on Oversight and Government discharged.
11/16/2015 House Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Financial Services. H. Rept. 114-332, Part I.
07/29/2015 House Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 33 - 25.
07/23/2015 House Referred to the Committee on Financial Services, and in addition to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
07/22/2015 House Hearings Held by the Subcommittee on Monetary Policy and Trade Prior to Referral.
12/17/2015 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.
11/30/2015 Received in the Senate.
11/19/2015 On passage Passed by recorded vote: 241 - 185 (Roll no. 641).
11/19/2015 On motion to recommit with instructions Failed by recorded vote: 182 - 242 (Roll no. 640).
11/19/2015 DEBATE - The House proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the motion to recommit with instructions. The instructions contained in the motion seek to require the bill to be reported back to the House with an amendment adding new language outlining further considerations the Board shall take when determining which companies would be eligible to participate in the program.
11/18/2015 POSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - Pursuant to clause 1(c) of Rule 19, the Speaker postponed further proceedings on H.R. 3189.
11/18/2015 The House adopted the amendment as agreed to by the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union.
11/18/2015 The House rose from the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union to report H.R. 3189.
11/18/2015 DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 529, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the King (IA) amendment No. 6.
11/18/2015 H.Amdt.837 On agreeing to the Grayson amendment (A004) Failed by voice vote.
11/18/2015 DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 529, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Grayson amendment No. 5.
11/18/2015 H.Amdt.836 On agreeing to the Grayson amendment (A003) Agreed to by voice vote.
11/18/2015 DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 529, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Grayson amendment No. 3.
11/18/2015 H.Amdt.835 On agreeing to the Heck (WA) amendment (A002) Agreed to by voice vote.
11/18/2015 DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 529, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Heck (WA) amendment No. 2.
11/18/2015 H.Amdt.834 On agreeing to the Heck (WA) amendment (A001) Failed by voice vote.
11/18/2015 DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 529, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Heck (WA) amendment No. 1.
11/18/2015 GENERAL DEBATE - The Committee of the Whole proceeded with one hour of general debate on H.R. 3189.
11/18/2015 The Speaker designated the Honorable Kevin Yoder to act as Chairman of the Committee.
11/18/2015 House resolved itself into the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union pursuant to H. Res. 529 and Rule XVIII.
11/18/2015 Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 1210 and H.R. 3189. Previous question shall be considered as ordered without intervening motions except motion to recommit with or without instructions. Measure will be considered read. Rule provides that H.R. 1210 shall be amended by the text of Rules Committee Print 114-34 and that the amendment printed in part A of the report from the Committee on Rules shall be separately debatable for 10 minutes. H.R. 3189 shall be amended by the text of Rules Committee Print 114-35 and modified by the amendment printed in Part B of the report. No further amendments other than those printed in Part C of the report shall be in order for H.R. 3189.
11/18/2015 ORDER OF PROCEDURE - Mr. Hensarling asked unanimous consent that the question of adopting a motion to recommit on H.R. 3189 may be subject to postponement as though under clause 8 of rule 20. Agreed to without objection.
11/18/2015 Rule H. Res. 529 passed House.
11/17/2015 Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 529 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 1210 and H.R. 3189. Previous question shall be considered as ordered without intervening motions except motion to recommit with or without instructions. Measure will be considered read. Rule provides that H.R. 1210 shall be amended by the text of Rules Committee Print 114-34 and that the amendment printed in part A of the report from the Committee on Rules shall be separately debatable for 10 minutes. H.R. 3189 shall be amended by the text of Rules Committee Print 114-35 and modified by the amendment printed in Part B of the report. No further amendments other than those printed in Part C of the report shall be in order for H.R. 3189.
11/16/2015 Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 253.
07/29/2015 Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 33 - 25.
07/23/2015 Referred to the Committee on Financial Services, and in addition to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
07/22/2015 Hearings Held by the Subcommittee on Monetary Policy and Trade Prior to Referral.
H.R.24 Federal Reserve Transparency Act of 2015 Related bill CRS 07/14/2016 Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 536.
H.R.5429 SEC Regulatory Accountability Act Related bill CRS 09/28/2016 Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 622.
H.R.5983 Financial CHOICE Act of 2016 Related bill CRS 12/20/2016 Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 693.
H.Res.529 Providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 1210) to amend the Truth in Lending Act to provide a safe harbor from certain requirements related to qualified mortgages for residential mortgage loans held on an originating depository institution's portfolio, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R 3189) to amend the Federal Reserve Act to establish requirements for policy rules and blackout periods of the Federal Open Market Committee, to establish requirements for certain activities of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and to amend title 31, United States Code, to reform the manner in which the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System is audited, and for other purposes; and providing for proceedings during the period from November 20, 2015, through November 27, 2015. Procedurally-related: H.Res.529 is a House rule related to H.R.3189 House 11/18/2015 Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
(Sec. 1) This bill amends the Federal Reserve Act to require the Chairman of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), within 48 hours after the end of a FOMC meeting, to submit to the appropriate congressional committees and the Government Accountability Office (GAO) a Directive Policy Rule, meeting specified criteria, accompanied by a statement identifying the FOMC members voting in its favor.
provide the basis for an Open Market Operations Directive to achieve a specified Policy Instrument Target presented by the FOMC to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York to guide open-market operations.
The GAO shall determine if a Directive Policy Rule has materially changed from the rule most recently submitted, and the Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Board) must testify within seven legislative days before certain congressional committees as to why any noncompliance exists.
The GAO must also, upon congressional request, audit the conduct of monetary policy by the Board and the FOMC.
(Sec. 2) A blackout period shall take place starting one week before an FOMC meeting and ending midnight of the day of its completion. During the black-out period only specified public communications are permissible by members and FOMC staff with respect to either macroeconomic or financial developments or about current or prospective monetary policy issues.
(Sec. 4) FMOC membership shall increase from five to six representatives of the Federal Reserve Banks. The selection process for representatives is revised, in part to divide elections from different Banks into odd-numbered and even-numbered calendar years.
(Sec. 5) The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act is amended to require the Board, before adopting sets of conditions for stress tests of nonbank financial companies it supervises and bank holding companies, to: (1) first issue regulations for them, subject to public notice and comment, which shall include methodologies and models used to estimate losses on certain assets; and (2) before publishing them submit copies of such regulations to the GAO and the Panel of Economic Advisors of the Congressional Budget Office.
Stress test requirements used by the Board shall apply to all stress tests performed under the Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review exercise.
the aggregate numbers designated "Matters Requiring Attention" and "Matters Requiring Immediate Attention."
(Sec. 6) The Federal Reserve Act is further amended to increase from semiannual to quarterly the Board Chairman's appearances before Congress.
(Sec. 7) The Board's Vice Chairman for Supervision, as part of Board testimony before specified congressional committees, shall report on the status of proposed and anticipated rulemakings. If the Vice Chairman for Supervision position is vacant, the Board's Vice Chairman shall fulfill the statutory requirement for semi-annual testimony.
(Sec. 8) Before issuing any regulation the Board must consider specified economic impacts.
consider a regulation's impact upon certain areas of economic activity.
In its final rule the Board must: (1) explain the nature of comments that it received together with a response to them; and (2) make a postadoption impact assessment of the costs, benefits, and intended and unintended consequences of any "major rule" adopted or amended.
(Sec. 9) Board members and employees shall be subject to the same ethics standards, prohibitions, and restrictions as apply to employees of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) with respect to financial interests, transactions, outside employment and activities, and Office of Personnel Management employee responsibilities and conduct regulations.
The Board shall make publicly available on its website a searchable database of all Board members, officers, and employees who receive an annual salary above the annual rate of basic pay for GS-15 of the General Schedule, including yearly salary information and any nonsalary compensation such staff receive.
Each Board member may employ at least two individuals.
(Sec. 10) Both the Federal Reserve Act and the Federal Deposit Insurance Act are revised to require the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Board, respectively, in the process of setting financial standards as a part of any foreign or multinational entity, to solicit public comment and issue public reports, including a notice of agreement.
The Department of the Treasury, the Comptroller of the Currency, and the SEC shall likewise be subject to these same requirements for their participation in similar processes.
(Sec. 11) The authority of the Federal Reserve Board to discount notes, drafts, and bills of exchange secured to a Federal Reserve Bank's satisfaction in unusual and exigent circumstances shall be limited to only those circumstances posing a threat to U.S. financial stability. The affirmative vote of at least nine presidents of the Federal Reserve Banks shall be necessary for a discount decision, in addition to (as under current law) the affirmative vote of five Board members.
Federal Reserve Banks may not accept as collateral for an emergency loan any equity securities issued by the recipient of the loan or of other financial assistance.
No applicant shall be eligible to borrow from any emergency lending program or facility unless the Board and all applicable federal banking regulators certify that the applicant is not insolvent.
a method for obtaining independent appraisals of the collateral the Federal Reserve Banks receive.
the most recent 90-day average of the difference between a distressed corporate bond yield index and a bond yield index of debt issued by the United States.
The bill limits discounts under the lending program to participants that are financial institutions, excluding federal, state, and local government agencies.
(Sec. 12) The FOMC shall determine the interest rates on balances maintained at a Federal Reserve Bank by or on behalf of a depository institution.
(Sec. 13) The GAO shall audit annually both the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Banks within 12 months after enactment of this Act.
(Sec. 15) The Federal Reserve Act is amended to require that, with respect to the election or designation of Class B and C directors of Federal Reserve District Banks, due consideration be given to the interests of traditionally underserved communities and populations.
The bill establishes a Centennial Monetary Commission to examine how U.S. monetary policy since the creation of the Board in 1913 has affected the performance of the U.S. economy in terms of output, employment, prices, and financial stability over time.
(Sec. 17) The Federal Reserve Act is amended to state that the portion of net earnings of each Federal Reserve Bank which remains after dividend claims have been fully met shall no longer be deposited in the Bank's surplus fund but shall be transferred to the Board for transfer to the Treasury general fund. The Federal Reserve Banks shall also transfer all their current surplus funds to the Board for transfer to the Treasury general fund.
(Sec. 18) The FOMC shall record and make available to the public the full transcript of all of its meetings.
This bill amends the Federal Reserve Act to require the Chairman of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), within 48 hours after the end of a FOMC meeting, to submit to the appropriate congressional committees and the Government Accountability Office (GAO) a Directive Policy Rule, meeting specified criteria, accompanied by a statement identifying the FOMC members voting in its favor.
The GAO shall determine if a Directive Policy Rule has materially changed from the rule most recently submitted, and the Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Board) must testify within 7 legislative days before certain congressional committees as to why any noncompliance exists.
A blackout period shall take place starting one-week before an FOMC meeting and ending midnight of the day of its completion. During the black-out period only specified public communications are permissible by members and FOMC staff with respect to either macroeconomic or financial developments or about current or prospective monetary policy issues.
FMOC membership shall increase from five to six representatives of the Federal Reserve Banks. The selection process for such representatives is revised, in part to divide elections from different Banks into odd-numbered and even-numbered calendar years.
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act is amended to require the Board, before adopting sets of conditions for stress tests of nonbank financial companies it supervises and bank holding companies, to: (1) first issue regulations for them, subject to public notice and comment, which shall include methodologies and models used to estimate losses on certain assets; and (2) before publishing them submit copies of such regulations to the GAO and the Panel of Economic Advisors of the Congressional Budget Office.
The Federal Reserve Act is further amended to increase from semiannual to quarterly the Board Chairman's appearances before Congress.
Before issuing any regulation the Board must consider specified economic impacts.
Board members and employees shall be subject to the same ethics standards, prohibitions, and restrictions as apply to employees of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) with respect to financial interests, transactions, and outside employment and activities.
Both the Federal Reserve Act and the Federal Deposit Insurance Act are revised to require the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Board, respectively, in the process of setting financial standards as a part of any foreign or multinational entity, to solicit public comment and issue public reports, including a notice of agreement.
The authority of the Federal Reserve Board to discount notes, drafts, and bills of exchange secured to a Federal Reserve Bank's satisfaction in unusual and exigent circumstances shall be limited to only those circumstances posing a threat to U.S. financial stability. The affirmative vote of at least nine presidents of the Federal Reserve Banks shall be necessary for a discount decision, in addition to (as under current law) the affirmative vote of five Board members.
The Board shall by rule establish a minimum interest rate on the principal amount of financial assistance to a recipient.
The FOMC shall determine the interest rates on balances maintained at a Federal Reserve Bank by or on behalf of a depository institution.
The GAO shall audit both the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Banks within 12 months after enactment of this Act.


3) Describe problem: I would like to make my drop down a little less plain and add rounded corners at the bottom using an image I have already created. Can anyone help me alter the code to do so?
You've got so many included style files in your example page, I don't know which is the one that holds the curves. Can you tell me which does? Or only put that menu on the page so I can see it more easily? That will help me a lot, and hopefully I'll be able to solve the problem. But I'd think all you would need to do is modify the css a bit, and put different mark up in the making of the menu.
Sorry I am using drupal as the client wants to be able to update the content themselves. And Drupal links all those .css files. They main one is the style.css file.
But here is the code I have for the menu using the Chrome navigation script on this site.
Now the code on the inside page that does the rounded bottom is from drupal, but the problem I ran into with it was that on Relocation the navigation was running off the right side of the page so you could not see half of it. That is why I decided to take it out and add Chrome. But here is the code from Drupal that makes the rounded corners.
Running into another problem now. I am trying to replace the text of the main navigation with images and for some reason there is a gap on the bottom. I have checked the padding and margins and cannot figure out where it is coming from.
On which page? You've got two pages up there ^^.
the second page just shows how I want the bottom to be rounded on the drop down menu. What I do not like about the navigation on the inside page is that it keeps running off the side of the page on the right side. That is why I decided to scrap it and use Chrome.


As Cryptaldash voting is close to an end (the competition will end in 2 days!), the top 3 competing tokens, chosen by the number of community votes, have advanced to the speed up round!
We are very pleased (and proud!) to announce that #MUXE is among the top 3 tokens that will be competing in the speed up round of this competition.
This is very important to us and to be frank it is also very amazing because Cryptaldash is one of the most promising exchanges out there and getting listed on it would and will add a lot of value to the MUXE ecosystem and be an accomplishment worthy of note for our project, our community, and our team behind it.
MUXE is continuing and adding on a period of continuous winning and keeping of promises given to our amazing community during and after the first ICO round. We are building on our very positive momentum of successes with exchange votings, integration with other important platforms and partnerships.
We need a lot of social followers and shares to reach the sixty thousand points.
Use: Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin, telegram, Reddit, youtube, Medium and more to get us 10 points per like or share.
Multiple accounts seem to be allowed.
We got 2 days to earn 60.000 points which is 4000 from social interaction.
We are almost at 10000 points. Muxe bv is doing the major rewards by arranging all the pr and buzz feed. We can get the additional 40.000 points by receiving a total. of 4000 likes and shares.


text:
Spectacular photo from space by researchers
"Reminiscent of mythological creatures"
Researchers create spectacular image of the Cone Nebula
The image taken by the Very Large Telescope shows the Cone Nebula.
Photo: dpa/-
Garching As if a monster were emerging from the depths: This is what a photo published by researchers looks like. This is behind the spectacular shot from space.
Astronomers have succeeded in taking a mystical image of the so-called Cone Nebula in the constellation Unicorn. The seven light-year-long pillar of the nebula can be seen in the center, as the European Southern Observatory (ESO) announced on Thursday, with whose Very Large Telescope (VLT) the image is in Chile have been done.
At a distance of 2500 light-years, the Cone Nebula is comparatively close to our planet and is therefore a well-studied celestial object. "But this sight is more dramatic than all previous ones, because it shows the dark and impenetrable cloud cover of the fog in a way that is reminiscent of a mythological being," said Eso, based in Garching near Munich. The Cone Nebula was discovered by astronomer William Herschel in the late 18th century.
Of the fog is a perfect example of the columnar shapes formed in the vast clouds of cold molecular gas and dust, writes the Eso. The columnar shape is formed when massive, newly formed bright blue stars emit stellar winds and intense ultraviolet radiation that blow material away from their surroundings. According to the researchers, gas and dust are compressed into dense, dark and tall columnar structures at a greater distance from the young stars.
In the picture, hydrogen gas is shown in blue and sulfur gas in red. Using these filters makes the otherwise bright blue stars, indicative of recent star formation, appear almost golden. With the picture, ESO also wants to draw attention to its 60th anniversary.
According to its own statements, the European Southern Observatory is the leading European organization for astronomical research and the scientifically most productive observatory in the world. ESO's main task is to provide modern research facilities that enable scientists to conduct research under optimal conditions.
(MBA/dpa)
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Volunteer @ Download Festival! See the biggest rock bands in the world & save money. Apply today!
Volunteer @ Download Festival – 12th to 14th June – Donington Park, Castle Donington.
See Kiss, Slipknot, Muse, Judas Priest, Slash, Motley Crue, Faith No More, Five Finger Death Punch, & many more!
Want to attend the UK's biggest music festivals for less cash than a trip to the cinema?
--Save the cost of the ticket.
--See the biggest and best bands in the world at the finest festivals in the UK.
--Volunteer and rock out with your friends.
--Plenty of free time to enjoy the event.
--Reside within secure staff campsite with access to water, showers & loos.
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--Experience is not essential, any training is provided where necessary.
--Get to see how the event works backstage & be part of the team that helps to stage the event.
No need to pay full ticket price up front.
You work 3x8 hour shifts over 5 days and the rest of your time is yours to rock out with your mates!
A welcoming environment even if you are coming on your own!" - Amanda Bushnell.
Not to mention that you get to use clean staff toilets..!" - Vasiliki Peristeropoulou.
If volunteering sounds like something you might be interested in, follow the link & place your application via the Festaff website.
Be sure to look us up on Facebook & Twitter to join our ever increasing community of wonderful staff & keep in the loop about future positions.
Places within our ranks can fill quickly due to high demand! Don't be the one that misses out this summer, get your application in early to avoid disappointment!
We look forward to meeting & working with you this summer!


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