text:
Q: Can I change constant from int to byte in Java without breaking backward compatibility? I am submitting a change to JNA which has in previous releases defined a set of constants as int type, specifically:
int VER_EQUAL = 1;
int VER_GREATER = 2;
int VER_GREATER_EQUAL = 3;
... etc...

(Since they are defined in an interface they are automatically static and final.)
These constants are used as the Condition argument in the VerSetConditionMask function, which requires a BYTE argument, mapped in JNA to Java's byte.
To use the existing int constants in that function would require me (and other users) to explicitly typecast them, so I want to change these constant values in the library to be byte, e.g.,
byte VER_EQUAL = 1;
byte VER_GREATER = 2;
byte VER_GREATER_EQUAL = 3;
... etc...

I do not think this change breaks backwards compatibility, because any code using these constants must currently expect at least an int, and will happily widen the byte without complaint.  I've written plenty of test code to convince myself of this.  I'm aware that changing Object types (like Integer to Byte) would not work, but I believe this is fine for primitives.  However, despite an hour searching the web for confirmation, I remain the tiniest bit unconvinced.
Is this change backwards compatible? Or am I wrong and is there a case where this could break existing code relying on the int primitive?

A: Maybe it's obvious. But maybe not. If some third party user fetched the int values and stored them locally in Integer objects, changing the int to byte will cause a compile time error there:
interface IntToByteWithInt
{
    int VER_EQUAL = 1;
    int VER_GREATER = 2;
    int VER_GREATER_EQUAL = 3;
}

interface IntToByteWithByte
{
    byte VER_EQUAL = 1;
    byte VER_GREATER = 2;
    byte VER_GREATER_EQUAL = 3;
}

public class IntToByte
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Integer a = IntToByteWithInt.VER_EQUAL;

        // Type mismatch: cannot convert from byte to Integer
        Integer b = IntToByteWithByte.VER_EQUAL;
    }
}

Beyond that, I think that one should at least mention reflection for completeness.
I also considered the ternary operator (https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se8/html/jls-15.html#jls-15.25.2 ) as a hot candidate, but did not manage to cause an error with that one.

A:
Is this change backwards compatible?

No.
Even though constants are normally inlined, the field is still a part of the class file, so it is possible that some dynamic lookup references the field using it's old type which is int. For instance:
// defined in `MyClass`
static final byte x = 10;

public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
    lookup().findStaticGetter(MyClass.class, "x", int.class); // old code
}

This throws a NoSuchFieldException since the lookup is looking for the old type of the field.
This also goes for byte code writing APIs that access the field, e.g. with ASM:
ClassWriter cw = new ClassWriter(ClassWriter.COMPUTE_MAXS);
cw.visit(55, ACC_PUBLIC, "Test", null, "java/lang/Object", null);

MethodVisitor mv = cw.visitMethod(ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_STATIC, "m", "()V", null, null);
mv.visitCode();
mv.visitFieldInsn(GETSTATIC, "java/lang/System", "out", "Ljava/io/PrintStream;");
mv.visitFieldInsn(GETSTATIC, "MyClass", "x", "I"); // looking for int field
mv.visitMethodInsn(INVOKEVIRTUAL, "java/io/PrintStream", "println", "(I)V", false);
mv.visitInsn(RETURN);
mv.visitMaxs(-1, -1);
mv.visitEnd();

Class<?> cls = lookup().defineClass(cw.toByteArray());
cls.getMethod("m").invoke(null); // NoSuchFieldError

The above code works and prints 10 if the field is of type int, but fails once it is changed to byte.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Cleanse & Burn is an all-in-one weight management formula providing two angles of support for body toning and inner cleansing. This specialist supplement has been developed by Nutritional Therapists to provide all round cleansing and toning action to provide the consumer with a New Year approach to good health. The formula contains an outstanding complex variety of herbs, spices and renowned toning ingredients all which work in synergy to provide incredible results.
It has great weight loss ingredients such as L-Carnitine, Green Tea & CLA.
Psyllium, Green Tea, Aloe Vera, Ginger, Oregano, Liquorice and Peppermint may help to maintain healthy digestive function.
Green Tea and Cayenne may help to maintain a healthy weight when taken alongside a healthy diet and exercise plan.
Chromium contributes to the maintenance of normal blood sugar levels.
Zinc contributes to normal metabolism of fatty acids and carbohydrates.
Take 2 capsules daily with water, before food. Do not exceed recommended amount unless directed by a registered healthcare professional.
Capsule Shell: Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose, Green Papaya Juice, CLA Prep (Conjugated Linoleic Acid, Modified Corn Starch), L-Carnitine, L-Tyrosine, Green Tea Leaf Extract, Cayenne from Capsicum Fruit Pod, Psyllium Seed Husk, Narginine Fruits of the Citrus Grandis, Citrus Pectin Prep (Citrus Pectin, Dextrose), Liquorice Prep (De-Glycyrrhizinated Liquorice Extract, Anti-Caking Agent: Silcon Dioxide), Fenugreek Seed Extract, Carrier: Maltodextrin, Peppermint Leaf Extract, Freeze Dried Garlic Bulb Extract, Oregano Leaf Extract, Nettle Leaf Extract, Ginger Root Extract, Alfalfa Sprout, Fennel Seed Extract, Aloe Vera Inner Leaf Gel Extract, Grape Seed Extract, Zinc (Citrate), Niacin (Nicotinamide), Pantothenic Acid (Calcium D-Pantothenate), Chromium (Picolinate), Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride), Riboflavin, Thiamin, Folic Acid, Biotin (D-Biotin Pure), Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin).
Always consult your GP before taking Nutritional Supplements especially if you are taking medication or have an existing medical condition.
You should not take supplements as a substitute for a varied balanced diet or healthy lifestyle.
Contains Caffeine: Not suitable for persons sensitive to caffeine. High intakes of caffeine may cause insomnia and anxiety.
All in stock items are despatched same working day (Monday - Friday, excluding Bank Holidays) if ordered before 2:00pm.
UK Express: 1st Class (1-2 days), Special Delivery (Next working day). Prices calculated based on weight.
International: Between 5-21 days depending on location. Prices calculated based on weight.


The New Love of My Life – Left-handed, Blond Capricorns, Untie!
A few weeks ago, I was in Lowe's buying replacement screen so that I could fix my ripped screen door, and I thought that I had found my new fridge. It was stainless steel, gray on the sides (a big deal for me – many stainless steel fridges have black sides, and I did not want that), bottom freezer (no bending over to see what's in the fridge ever again!!), and water and ice in the door…all for the low, low price of $1,537. When you opened up the double doors, the inside was lit by LED light, so there was the prettiest blue glow! I hadn't really cared about having the water/ice dispensers, but this was a fridge that usually cost over $2,200, so it was a great deal. I was so, so tempted….but then I read the dimensions. The fridge was 35.75 inches wide, and the space in my kitchen was exactly 36. I was afraid that if the walls were at all crooked anywhere – and aren't they all??? – then my beautiful new fridge wouldn't fit. I decided not to risk it.
I'd looked at the outlet 2 or 3 times previously, and hadn't really found anything that I thought I could live with. Either the fridge had too many cosmetic issues, it had black sides, or the price just wasn't low enough for my taste. On this particular Saturday, however, luck was on my side. They were having a sale – all refrigerators were half-off their original price. We walked all the way back to where the stainless steel section was, and I began my search. This one is still too pricey, that one has a huge dent in the front, that one has some scratches… but hey…what about this one? Aside from a ton of fingerprints and sticker-marks, a tiny ding near the top that no one but me will ever notice, and a scratch on the freezer door handle, I couldn't really find anything wrong with it. Couldn't find anything wrong with the price, either – originally, this fridge was $1,799, with an outlet price of $1,349…and a this-weekend-only sale price of $899. With my sister there cheering me on, I bought it and arranged to have it delivered two days later.
Here's the really dumb thing – it is exactly the same dimensions as the fridge that I passed on the previous weekend for fear that it as too large. I just crossed my fingers and prayed that it would fit, or else I would be out the $65 delivery fee as well as a 15% restocking fee.
Now, obviously, from the picture above you can discern that it did in fact fit, but boy was it close! The delivery men had to remove the quarter-round and molding from the bottom of the wall, and even then, it was a tight fit. When the plumber came 2 days later to install the water line for the ice maker, it took him a few minutes to wrestle it back out again, but ultimately, the job was done. As long as I don't decide to repaint my kitchen, it never needs to move again!
If this blog wasn't already so long and boring, I would share with you some of the incredibly helpful tips that I read in my new refrigerator's owners manual…but I think I will save them for another day. Today we are off to try to find a new bathing suit for my daughter, and to return the water line installation kit that Sears sold to me. When I handed it to the plumber to use, he said, "You want me to use that???" I replied, "I don't know, Sears told me I needed it, and made me buy it." "You don't need that. Take it back and get your money back!" So that's what we will do.
I hope to get a little more painting done on my kitchen cabinet doors, too, but they are in my mother's garage, and we may get storms again later today, so we will see…Have a great what's-left-of-the weekend!
verrrry nice!! Good job. But aren't the rest of your appliances now all a bit jealous?
I can't believe I got through all that. That's alot of writing about a silly fridge. I think I need a nap now.
Mom – And he never leaves the seat up, either!
Sharon – Yes, they are, but unless they are going to get a job and help me pay for their upgrades, they are going to have to wait. lol…I started with the appliance that I hated the most. Next, I think, will be the microwave.
Dave will have something to write about when I make him my next project LOL.
Ah, Jen….I want a key to your house too…..Bwah ha ha!!!!
You don't need a key, you can come over and clean any time you like!!!
I can't clean if I can't get in.
Ooh, Megan has a key…I'll get a copy made of hers!
Auto Response: I'm sorry, no one is here to take your comment right now. The owner of this blog has left the following message: Gone to get the locks changed, be back soon!
I have a key to both of their houses. Jenny got Dave's key from me, I got Jenny's key from Jenny and I don't think I ever gave it back. Cheryl, you may have my keys!!
Sharon, you are off the island!
Ha! She is on my island now! Bwah ha ha. Thanks Sharon but you keep them. Someday they'll be sorry they didn't give me keys.


text:
/* eslint-env mocha */

import { expect } from 'chai';
import { useFakeTimers } from 'sinon';
import configureStore from 'redux-mock-store';
import thunk from 'redux-thunk';
import proxyquire from 'proxyquire';
import * as websockets from '../websockets';

const middlewares = [thunk];
const mockStore = configureStore(middlewares);

describe('actions/websockets', () => {
  let store;

  beforeEach(() => {
    store = mockStore({});
  });

  describe('messageReceived', () => {
    it('dispatches data if action is undefined', () => {
      const payload = '{ "type": "bar" }';
      store.dispatch(websockets.messageReceived(payload));
      const actions = store.getActions();
      expect(actions[0].type).to.eq('bar');
    });

    it('dispatches action with data if action type is given', () => {
      const payload = '{"type": "RESTAURANT_POSTED"}';
      const proxysockets = proxyquire('../websockets', {
        './restaurants': {
          sortRestaurants: () => ({
            type: 'SORT_RESTAURANTS'
          })
        }
      });
      const clock = useFakeTimers();
      store.dispatch(proxysockets.messageReceived(payload));
      clock.tick(1000);

      const actions = store.getActions();
      expect(actions[0].type).to.eq('RESTAURANT_POSTED');
      expect(actions[1].type).to.eq('NOTIFY');
      expect(actions[2].type).to.eq('SORT_RESTAURANTS');
      clock.restore();
    });
  });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


It's Halloween! And before the night exposes the horrors from the netherworld, most of us still have to get through the wacky costumes at work. Just the same, the cybersecurity demons do not slow down, and our SOC superheroes must continue to save the world from data breach destruction. To that worthy end, here are seven tips to help our superheroes vanquish the undead hordes.
Don't rely on that silver bullet.
Werewolves are simple creatures with simple methods. They can be overcome with a well-placed silver bullet. Unlike werewolves though, current day hackers are sophisticated and draw on a variety of scary techniques to achieve their goals. The cybersecurity silver bullets of yesterday—static rules in your SIEM, or signature-based malware detection—are simply not good enough. To fight a winning battle, SOC superheroes in the modern era must look to advanced machine learning and artificial intelligence to defend against these high-tech adversaries.
There are zombies everywhere. And these zombies routinely emerge to devour SOC analysts, CISOs, and CEOs alike. These undead beings in your organization come in the form of zombie user accounts on critical servers and systems. These accounts may be remains of employees that have left the organization, moved to a different role, or even cloud resources they spun up temporarily. In any case, these zombie accounts are a prime target for hackers to uncover, silently exploit, and use as a base for lateral movement across enterprise hardware and software resources before striking that deadly blow. To stand a chance against this horrific cybersecurity hole, SOC analysts must be keenly aware of the access granted to users across the organization, and use advanced learning to find zombie accounts that are being used for nefarious purposes.
Horrors lurk in the fog (or the cloud).
Ok, we clearly are using The Fog as a metaphor for cloud services. Just like fog rolling across the swamp, cloud services can hide scary things from a cybersecurity perspective. The latest attacks, and often the hardest to detect, are now coming from the exploding enterprise use of foggy – errr… cloud services. In fact, a recent report indicated that the risk of security breaches in cloud environments is almost 50% higher than in traditional IT environments. SOC superheroes must factor in and closely monitor enterprise usage of cloud services. You must ensure that employee activity across cloud infrastructure, cloud storage, and cloud applications doesn't provide a prime hiding spot for the scary beings trying to compromise your crown jewels.
In the horror classic The Exorcist, the innocent 12-year old Regan MacNeil is possessed by the ancient demon Pazuzu who forces Regan to perform strange, horrific and unnatural acts uncharacteristic of her normal behavior. Just so in the enterprise environment, good employees—specifically their access privileges—can be possessed by malware demons. These possessed accounts then perform behavior that is abnormal and uncharacteristic of the employee. The SIEM solutions used by our cybersecurity superheroes must have the relevant data, context, and behavior-based techniques to identify employee accounts that are victims of such demonic possession.
Vampires die when exposed to sunlight.
There are various methods you can employ in order to destroy Count Dracula and his horde of blood-sucking undead, including decapitation, cloves of garlic, or a stake driven through the heart. The simplest may be to shine (sun)light across your enterprise so that it is unapproachable by the Nosferatu and remains vampire-free. For our cybersecurity superheroes, this translates to the light of visibility across enterprise IT resources, users, and data. As vampires change form and hide in the dark recesses of ancient castles, so do hackers rely on IT resources that are unmonitored by the SOC. A horror-free organization is easy to maintain when all the nooks and crannies are visible to, and monitored by, those charged with protecting the enterprise.
Protecting your booty from pirates.
While these swashbuckling villains are not exactly in the same vein as supernatural creatures of Halloween, I assure you that you will see several pirates as you trick-or-treat tonight. We know exactly what booty these malicious pirates are after–chests full of gold coins and jewels of course, that are securely stashed away in the depths of your file servers, databases, and hard-drives across your enterprise. In many cases, the tell-tale "X marks the spot" is unknown, even to our cybersecurity superheroes. Sensitive data often resides on machines and resources that the IT or security team is completely unaware of. And that's where these pirates strike! So one of the key activities you superheroes can undertake is a comprehensive data discovery and classification exercise. You can't protect what you don't know exists. So make sure the cybersecurity super-heroes know where exactly that "X" is in your organization, and you are able put the appropriate controls around that booty.
Don't build a cybersecurity Frankenstein.
We know how this story turned out. The original intent of the good doctor was good, however his experiments resulted in in a truly horrific creature and eventually lead to his own destruction. Our SOC superheroes are advised to take this analogy to heart as they plan and build their cybersecurity program. We at Securonix regularly see enterprises that have tried to purchase several different IT and security tools, throw in some alchemy—a.k.a. genius developers—and build a security information and event management (SIEM), user monitoring, and security data lake solution. The failure rate of these projects is shockingly high. Even more scary is the fact that, like Victor Frankenstein, such efforts often result in self-destruction.
We wish you a Happy Halloween, and all of us at Securonix hope that these tips can help you cybersecurity superheroes—our SOC analyst, threat analyst, and cybersecurity professional community—steer clear of the spooky things across the internet that are trying to eat you alive.


text:
Une sale histoire de sardines est un téléfilm français réalisé par Marie-Claude Treilhou, sorti en 1983. Il fait partie de la série télévisée de l'INA, Télévision de chambre (épisode 7).

Synopsis
Dans un garage. Marcel, gardien de nuit reçoit certains soirs la visite de noctambules qui viennent lui confier leurs histoires et leurs problèmes.

Fiche technique
 Réalisateur : Marie-Claude Treilhou
 Directeur de la photographie : Georges Strouvé
 Musique originale : Xalam
 Durée : 55 minutes

Distribution
 Marcel Frettard
 Ingrid Bourgoin
 Yvonne Decade
 Michel Delahaye
 Eva Simonet
 Gérard Delvallée
 Jessa Darrieux
 Hervé Favre

Autour du film
 Le téléfilm est diffusé sur TF1 le  dans le cadre de la série télévisée Télévision de chambre.
 Dédicade du film : « En mémoire de Sabine »

Références

Téléfilm français des années 1980
Téléfilm diffusé en 1983
Film réalisé par Marie-Claude Treilhou

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Woodland Burial Scheme at Gornal Wood Cemetery offers an alternative to burial in traditional cemetery sections where headstones are erected on lawned graves. Woodland graves provide a living memorial in an area attractive to wildlife including wild flowers, birds and small mammals. This web page sets out to explain how the scheme will be managed and to clarify the advantages and disadvantages.
The Woodland burial area is situated in Gornal Wood Cemetery next to a copse forming part of the crematorium Garden of Remembrance.
Each grave will be planted with a sapling, selected to create a suitable extension to the existing copse. Tree species will be predominately Hawthorn, Birch, hazel and mountain Ash. Trees will be selected and planted by cemetery staff at the appropriate time of the year and after the soil has settled. Native bulbs will then be planted in the graves. Some thinning of trees may be necessary in future years to ensure healthy growth.
Maintenance will be determined by the growth requirements of the trees and bulbs. The use of herbicides will be kept to a minimum and it is important to note at times, the area will appear less tidy than nearby lawned graves.
Each grave will accept one coffin but, at the time of the interment, an adjacent grave may be reserved for future use, the grave is dug to a depth, which ensures that no disturbance is caused to the coffin when planting saplings. A metal disc is set below the soil surface to ensure accuracy when locating graves in future.
Biodegradable coffins are preferred to the standard veneered woodchip coffins, which are commonly used for burial, however either type of container will be accepted.
In order to establish the woodland it is necessary to impose certain restrictions, which will avoid the trampling of vegetation and wildlife habitat. No memorials of flower containers are permitted on these graves, but an inscription may be purchased in the Book of Remembrance, which is housed close to the burial area. Floral tributes may be placed in the flower room to the rear of the Garden of Remembrance.
The woodland burial scheme may appeal to those who wish to protect and enhance the environment and who do not require a lawned surface or an inscribed memorial on the grave.
Local Funeral Directors are also aware of this woodland scheme.
If you would like further details or advice about this scheme, or you would like to reserve a woodland plot please contact us using the details below.


text:
Q: Logging packets dropped with nfq_set_verdict2(NF_DROP) In my application, I take the packets from netfilter to userspace with NFQUEU, and then I compare it with my criteria and drop or accept packets through NF_DROP or NF_ACCEPT in nfq_set_verdict2 function.I want to log the dropped packets in regular iptables log format.How can I achieve this?

A: For the purpose to log the dropped packets create a new chain that will drop every packet it receives. redirect all those packets that you want to drop to the new chain and use logging syntax while declaration of the new chain
iptables -N LOGGING
iptables -A INPUT -j LOGGING
iptables -A LOGGING -m limit --limit 2/min -j LOG --log-prefix "IPTables-Dropped: " --log-level 4
iptables -A LOGGING -j DROP

line#3: -m limit: This uses the limit matching module. Using this you can limit the logging using –limit option.
–limit 2/min: This indicates the maximum average matching rate for logging. In this example, for the similar packets it will limit logging to 2 per minute. You can also specify 2/second, 2/minute, 2/hour, 2/day. This is helpful when you don't want to clutter your log messages with repeated messages of the same dropped packets.
-j LOG: This indicates that the target for this packet is LOG. i.e write to the log file.
–log-prefix "IPTables-Dropped: " You can specify any log prefix, which will be appended to the log messages that will be written to the /var/log/messages file
–log-level 4 This is the standard syslog levels. 4 is warning. You can use number from the range 0 through 7. 0 is emergency and 7 is debug.
iptables -A LOGGING -j DROP: Finally, drop all the packets that came to the LOGGING chain. i.e now it really drops the incoming packets.


Petition No 0276/2016 by Christos Taklis (Greek) on the risk posed to animals by the fences that have been erected to prevent migration flows to Europe.
One more time Commission aggrees with the petitions that i am sending to them about biodiversity but yet have not taken any decision. It gives the decision to each country who is responsible. Then why is available to send petitions to eu commission? And why it doesn't take any decision?
I will continue to send petitions and i hope one day they will decide to do something.


nyc not the best for startups?
Paul Graham's most recent essay touches on what a city says to you. One few points stood out: NYC is expensive, and unless you're donning a suit, most wont take you seriously.
In the long term, that could be a bad thing for New York. The power of an important new technology does eventually convert to money. So by caring more about money and less about power than Silicon Valley, New York is recognizing the same thing, but slower.  And in fact it has been losing to Silicon Valley at its own game: the ratio of New York to California residents in the Forbes 400 has decreased from 1.45 (81:56) when the list was first published in 1982 to .83 (73:88) in 2007.
Sad, but true. He talks about Cambridge, MA (Boston) and Silicon Valley, CA. Being raised in the great city of NY, I've always thought this, but never had any real evidence. Comparing a Forbes lists from 1982 to 2007 is a start. Anyway, it's a good read, check it out.
1 Response to nyc not the best for startups?


text:
Coffee Growing Regions, Varieties & Grading
COFFEE GROWING REGIONS
Altura Coatepec
Altura Coatepec is high grown coffee from the historical red-tiled town of Coatepec, Mexico, 15km (9 miles) south of Xalapa.
Arabian Mocha
Arabica coffee from the Yemen port of Mocha. Two famous market names for this coffee are Mattari and Sanani. Sanani is medium bodied with wild, fruity acidity, while Mattari is medium to full bodied, with good acidity, and chocolatey undertones. The word mocha is associated with chocolate because when cocoa was first introduced in Europe, it reminded people of Mocha coffee from Yemen. Arabian Mocha, grown in the northern mountains of Yemen, is one of the oldest and most traditional of the world's coffees. It is also one of the finest. This coffee has been cultivated and processed in the same way for centuries, grown on mountain terraces and naturally dried. No chemicals are used in its production, and it is no doubt organic.
A region in Tanzania at the foot of Mt. Meru. Tanzania produces excellent Arabica coffee, most of which is grown on the slopes of Mt. Meru and Mt. Kilimanjaro.
Bani is a city in the coffee producing region of Sierra Sur in Dominican Republic. Bani has been a trade name for coffee from the City of Bani. There are various micro-climates in Dominican Republic that produce beans with distinct physical and taste characteristics. The government of Dominican Republic established seven official coffee-growing regions: Barahona, Cibao, Neyba, Noroeste, Sierra Central, Sierra Occidental, and Sierra Sur.
Jamaican Blue Mountain is one of the world's most controversial coffees. The best Jamaica Blue Mountain coffee is characterized by a nutty aroma, bright acidity and a unique beef-bouillon like flavor. However, lack of attention to quality has led to some mediocre, over-priced product. Some confusion exists about where the boundaries for growing this coffee actually lie, and often coffees of lesser quality are packaged under its name. Jamaican High Mountain is a term that applies to coffees of lesser quality that are grown at a lower altitude than Jamaican Blue Mountain. Jamaica High Mountain and Jamaica Blue Mountain coffees are produced using the wet-process.
Bugisu
Market name for Arabica coffee from the slopes of Mt. Elgon in Uganda, near Kenya. Most coffee produced in Uganda is Robusta, and is used for making instant coffee. Bugisu is a bright coffee with flavor characteristics comparable to Indonesian or Kenyan coffees.
Chiapas is the southernmost state in Mexico, and shares a border with Guatemala. The coffees of Chiapas are typically well balanced with a chocolatey brightness, and are more comparable to high grown coffees from Guatemala.
Chipinge
Chipinge, formerly named Chipinga, is a town in southeast Zimbabwe on the slopes of the Chimanimani mountains which, as part of the Eastern Highlands, forms a natural border with Mozambique. Good agricultural conditions allow the Chipinge region to produce the finest coffee in Zimbabwe, produced under the market name Zimbabwe Salimba, or Zimbabwe Salimba Estate. Zimbabwe Salimba has a rich flavor comparable with other fine African coffees, is well balanced and has a good aftertaste.
Coatepec is a charming town with cobblestone roadways in the Mexican State of Vericruz, 15km (9 miles) south of Xalapa. Coffee from the Coatepec regions is marketed under the name Altura Coatepec and is one of the best high grown coffees from Mexico.
Ethiopia Harar
Coffee from the harar region of Ethiopia. Ethiopia Harar is a flavorful and aromatic dry processed coffee with a wild berry acidity. Ethiopia Harar is commonly designated as Shortberry or Longberry. The Longberry variety, which comes from coffee cherries that are physically longer than normal, typically produces coffee with an unusual wild-blueberry-like aroma. Also spelled Harrar or Harar.
Ethiopia Sidamo
Coffee from the Sidamo region of Ethiopia. Sidamo, also called Sidama, was a large province in the southern part of Ethiopia prior to 1995, but is still used to designate a geographical area of Ethiopia. The Sidamo province was named after the native Sidama, or Sidamo, people. With the adoption of a constitution in 1995, the Sidamo Province was divided into new regions. One of the newly created regions, The Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR), includes the Gedeo zone, where the Village of Yirga Ch'efe is located. Coffee grown near Yirga Ch'efe, while from the greater region sometimes identified as Sidamo, is marketed under the name Yirgachefe (also spelled Yirgacheffe).
Ethiopia Yirgachefe
Coffee from the higher elevations of the Sidamo region of Ethiopia near the village of Yirga Ch'efe. Ethiopia Yirgachefe is typically wet processed. Yirgachefe coffee is considered by many as the cream of the crop in Ethiopia and is known for its sweet fruity acidity and floral aroma. Sometimes spelled "Yirgacheffe".
Guatemala Antigua
Coffee grown in the central highlands of Guatemala near the historic City of Antigua. Antigua is Spanish for "old". One of the most well known and highly rated coffees in Central America, Guatemala Antiguas are balanced and aromatic, generally with a chocolatey acidity. The Antigua region produces well known and highly rated specialty coffees that rank with the most flavorful and nuanced coffees in the world.
Guatemala Coban
Coffee grown in the Guatemalan highlands, near the town of Coban. Guatemala Coban is sold under the market name "Tanchi", and is comparable to other bright and fruity Guatemalan coffees, but often with unique characteristics, such as bittersweet spicy notes.
Guatemala Huehuetenango
Coffee from the Huehuetenango ("way-way-te-nan-go") region. Huehuetenango is an approximation of an Aztecan term for "place of the ancients". This coffee from the western highlands of Guatemala, is bright, aromatic, and fruity
Hawaiian coffee is grown primarily on the islands of Hawaii and Kauai, with coffees from the Kona region of the island of Hawaii being the most expensive. The best estates grow beautiful, large, flat beans, which produce a medium-bodied brew, with buttery, spicy characteristics. Consumers should beware that many Hawaiin coffees being sold as blends may contain only 10% Hawaiian coffee, and are typically blended with Latin American coffees. Hawaiian coffees demand a premium price, although the flavor characteristics of some lower priced Latin American coffees may rate even higher. Coffee is grown on the islands of Molokai, Kauai, and Maui, but the Kona region of Hawaii has better growing conditions (higher elevations and a relatively dry environment).
India Monsoon
Aged Indian coffee exposed to monsoon conditions, with a golden color and a unique mellow flavor. Over 150 years ago the British started cultivating coffee on the Southern slopes in India and transporting the raw coffee to Europe in large wooden ships. The journey around Cape Hope took almost 6 months. During this long journey the raw coffee was exposed to rain and humidity causing the coffee's characteristics to change. The coffee became pale gold in color, lost acidity and swelled in size. Europeans became accustomed to this coffee with its mellow earthy flavor. After the Suez Canal opened the shipment became very short and the coffee was no longer aged in the monsoon winds, causing the coffee to lose popularity since it looked and tasted different. To recreate the monsooned coffee, India Monsoon is now purposely stored in monsoon conditions on the Malabar Coast of India for 12-16 weeks. During this time the coffee is periodically rotated for even exposure.
Indonesian coffee from Island of Java. Early Dutch explorers brought Arabica trees to Java, which became the world's leading producer of coffee until Rust Disease wiped out the crop. The trees were replaced with more disease-resistant, but less desirable Robusta. With the support of the Indonesian government, Arabica is once again being grown on some of the original Dutch estates. Estate Java is a wet-processed coffee that is more acidic, lighter in body and quicker to finish than other coffees in the region. Smoke and spice are flavors often associated with this coffee's acidity. Some Javanese coffee is stored in warehouses for two or three years and is referred to as Old Java. This aging process causes the coffee to lose acidity and gain body and sweetness.
Once known as Celebes, the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia produces some of the world's finest coffee. Celebes Toraja, grown in the mountainous area near the center of the island, is one of the most famous. Coffees from Sulawesi are processed using the dry method and possess an intriguing combination of sweetness and earthiness. They are low in acidity with a deep almost syrupy body. These coffees are more expensive than Sumatran coffees because of small yields and the fierce demand for this coffee in Japan.
Two of the world's best and most famous coffees come from Sumatra: Mandheling and Ankola. Both are semi-dry processed coffees grown in west-central Sumatra near the port of Pandang at altitudes of 2,500 to 5,000 feet. Mandheling is known for its herby aroma, full body, low acidity, and a rich smooth flavor. While most coffees are named after the country, or growing region, where it is farmed and harvested, Sumatra Mandheling is named after the "Mandailing" People that traditionally farmed and processed the coffee beans. A WWII Japanese military man stationed in Sumatra is said to have asked a local Sumatran where his coffee originated, but the Sumatran man mistakenly thought he was being asked about his ethnicity and replied "Mandheling". The name stuck as word spread about the coffee in Japan and merchants began inquiring about the purchase of Mandheling coffee from Sumatra.
Coffea Arabica trees produce nearly all of the worlds specialty coffee. The vast majority of coffee is Robusta or Arabica. Most consider the flavor of Arabica coffee far superior to Robusta. Robusta trees, however, are more "robust" and are less susceptible to insect infestation and disease. Arabica trees are typically grown at high elevations where insects and disease are less prevalent. Because of the inherently steep terrain at high elevations where Arabica is generally grown, mechanical harvesting is impractical, so Arabica coffee is nearly always picked by hand. Hand picking of Arabica results in less under-ripe and over-ripe beans compared to the commonly machine harvested Robusta. If left alone, Arabica trees will grow to 40 feet high, but in most plantations the trees are pruned to less than 8 feet high for better yield and easier harvest. There are at least a dozen variations, or cultivars, of the Coffea Arabica tree. These include: Typica, Bourbon, Caturra, Catuai, Pache Comum, Pache, Catimor, Kent, Mundo Novo, Maragogype, Amarello, and Blue Mountain. Typica is the oldest known Arabica cultivar and is the base from which others developed.
Coffee produced from the Bourbon cultivar of the Coffea Arabica tree, was named after Bourbon Island where it was first cultivated. Bourbon Island was later renamed Reunion and is located east of Madagascar in the Indian ocean. France introduced the Bourbon cultivar to Africa and Latin America. Bourbon became the second most commercialized Arabica variety after Typica. Both the Typica and Bourbon varieties of Arabica are produced in large quantities throughout the world, but are slowly being replaced by more productive and disease resistant varieties such as Caturra. The Bourbon variety is bright yellow when ripe.
Bourbon Santos
Bourbon Santos is a single origin coffee named after Santos, the port in Brazil where the coffee is shipped. Bourbon is the variety of coffee tree used to make Bourbon Santos.
Caturra
Caturra is a modern hybrid of Coffea Arabica and is becoming increasingly popular with farmers. Caturra has a greater crop yield and is less susceptible to disease than classic Arabicas (Typica and Bourbon).
Coffea Canephora
Botanical name for the Robusta coffee tree. Coffea Canephora and Coffea Arabica are practically the only coffee species used to make coffee. Robusta coffee trees, like Arabica, can grow about 40 feet high, but Robusta beans tend to be smaller and more bitter. Robusta trees are "robust", meaning they are less susceptible to pests and disease and yield more coffee crop. Because of its ability to resist pests and disease, Coffea Canephora is the dominant coffee species grown at low elevations.
A cultivar is a variation of cultivated plant. Cultivars have a name given in accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP). Typica and Bourbon are cultivars of the Arabica tree.
Common name for Coffea Canephora plant. Coffea Canephora and Coffea Arabica are practically the only coffee species used to make coffee. Robusta coffee trees, like Arabica trees, can both grow to about 40 feet high, but Robusta beans tend to be smaller and more bitter. Robusta trees are "robust", meaning they are less susceptible to pests and disease and yield more coffee crop. Coffea Canephora is the dominant coffee species grown at low elevations due to its ability to resist pests and disease.
AA is a coffee grading term that refers to a specific, larger than normal, bean size. Kenya AA coffee beans, for example, pass through Grade 18 (18/64" diameter) sieve perforations, but are too large to pass through Grade 16 (16/64" diameter) sieve perforations. AA+ refers to coffee beans AA or larger. The term AA is used as a coffee quality "grade" due to the general correlation (with many exceptions) between coffee bean size and coffee flavor.
Altura means height in Spanish and is used to describe high grown, or mountain grown, coffee.
Excelso
Excelso is used mostly as a coffee grading term, especially in Colombia. Excelso coffee beans are large, but slightly smaller than Supremo coffee beans. Excelso coffee beans pass through Grade 16 (16/64" diameter) sieve perforations, but are too large to pass through Grade 14 (14/64" diameter) sieve perforations. The term "Excelso" is used as a coffee quality "grade" due to the general correlation (with many exceptions) between coffee bean size and coffee flavor. Colombia Supremo coffee beans are slightly larger than excelso beans and will pass through Grade 18 (18/64" diameter) sieve perforations, but are too large to pass through Grade 16 perforations. Supremo and Excelso coffee beans may come from the same tree, but are sorted by size.
Grade is generally used to indicate coffee bean size, which is associated with coffee quality. While there are many exceptions, coffee beans grown at higher elevations tend to be denser, larger, and have better flavor. The process of determining coffee bean size, or grading, is done by passing unroasted beans through perforated containers, or sieves. For example, Grade 18 beans, also called AA, will pass through a sieve with 18/64" diameter holes, but are retained by the next smaller sieve with 16/64" diameter holes. Traditionally, even grades were used for Arabicas (20, 18, 16, etc), and odd numbers were used for Robustas (17, 15, 13, etc). The method of grading coffee (classifying coffee quality) varies by country, and may include bean size, bean density, number of defects, growing altitude, taste, etc.
Hard Bean
Synonymous with "high grown (HG)", "hard bean (HB)" refers to coffee grown at altitudes about 4,000 - 4,500 feet above sea level. Beans grown at high altitudes mature more slowly and grow to be harder and denser than beans grown at lower elevations. The inherent consistency and taste attributes of high grown beans makes them more desirable, and generally more expensive, than coffees grown at lower elevations.
Strictly Hard Bean
Synonymous with "strictly high grown (SHG)", "strictly hard bean (SHB)" usually refers to coffee grown at altitudes higher than about 4,500 feet above sea level. Beans grown at high altitudes mature more slowly and grow to be harder and denser than beans grown at lower elevations. The inherent consistency and taste attributes of high grown beans makes them more desirable, and generally more expensive, than coffees grown at lower elevations.
Strictly Soft Bean
Strictly Soft (SS) beans are grown at relatively low altitudes (under 4,000 feet). Beans grown at lower altitudes mature quickly and produce a lighter, less dense bean. Strictly Soft Arabica beans have a more rounded flavor compared to the generally more flavorful and dense Arabica beans grown at higher elevations.
Used mostly as a coffee grading term in Colombia. Supremo coffee beans are slightly larger than Excelso beans and will pass through Grade 18 (18/64" diameter) sieve perforations, but are too large to pass through Grade 16 perforations. Supremo and Excelso coffee beans may come from the same tree, but are sorted by size. Excelso coffee beans are also large, but slightly smaller than Supremo coffee beans. Excelso coffee beans will pass through Grade 16 (16/64" diameter) sieve perforations, but are too large to pass through Grade 14 (14/64" diameter) sieve perforations. The term "Supremo" is used as a coffee quality "grade" due to the general correlation (with many exceptions) between coffee bean size and coffee flavor.
Edited by ginny on 03/13/2013 12:28 PM

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Sunday evening Battalion 1, CAFD Stations 1, 2 and three responded to a garage fire on the 500 block of Chestnut Avenue. When Battalion 1 arrived, he found one garage heavily involved. Two other nearby garages, a camper and a SUV were also burning.
This fire started about three hours after the power went out in Cloquet which left the City's water pressure and volume lower than normal. The quick attack and extinguishment by CAFD firefighters prevented the destruction of the other two garages.
The initial garage was a total loss. The cause is currently under investigation. One firefighter received minor injuries, and was treated and released from the local hospital.
A video was captured by Brandon Sell and can be viewed on our Facebook page.


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Beaumont Hotels
Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont
5380 Clearwater Court, Beaumont, TX, United States
ExcellentBased on 91 reviews
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About Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont
Located in Beaumont, Residence Inn Beaumont is within easy reach of Ford Park and Lamar University. It has a gym, as well as a beauty centre, an express check-in and check-out feature and an outdoor p...
Beaumont Jefferson County
Amenities at Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont
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Located in Beaumont, La Quinta Inn & Suites Beaumont West is within a 20-minute drive of Jack Brooks Regional Airport and offers free Wi-Fi and an outdoor pool. It also provides meeting rooms, a safe and an express check-in and check-out feature.
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Americas Best Value Inn Beaumont is situated in Beaumont and offers complimentary wireless internet. It also provides a 24-hour reception, laundry facilities and an outdoor pool.
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Reviews for Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont
"Very clean, comfortable rooms." (in 27 reviews)
The room was amazing. (in 25 reviews)
The breakfast was great. (in 22 reviews)
"First room given was filhty, unmade" (in 12 reviews)
Room was relatively clean; but the bed was terribly uncomfortable. (in 7 reviews)
"Horrible, horrible, horrible hotel experience." (in 6 reviews)
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Where is Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont
Art Museum of Southeast Texas4.3 mi
Beaumont Exxon Bus stop2.1 mi
Beaumont Bus Stop2.6 mi
Beaumont2.8 mi
Beaumont Greyhound Bus Station8.0 mi
FAQs when booking at Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont
Is pricing at Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont comparable to 3 star hotels in Beaumont?
There is a 9% difference in the average nightly rate of 3 stars hotels in Beaumont and the average nightly rate at Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont. The rate at Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont is just $122/night and is considered a very good deal when staying in Beaumont.
How close is Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont to the nearest airport, Beaumont Jefferson County Airport?
With no traffic, the 9.6 mi drive between Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont and Beaumont Jefferson County Airport (the nearest airport) will generally only take about 0h 19m. If you're staying in a metropolitan area, you may see your drive time increase due to busy roads.
What is the best way for guests to get from Beaumont Jefferson County Airport to Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont?
For the most freedom while visiting Beaumont, consider renting a car for about $70/day and parking it at Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont where they offer parking spaces to hotel guests. Rideshare apps and taxis remain a very common solution for Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont guests. This is often the most cost-effective method of transportation when visiting Beaumont.
Is Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont considered pet-friendly?
Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont welcomes most household pets.
Is there a pool at Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont?
Yes. Many people visiting Beaumont look for a hotel with a pool. Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont has a pool on site that hotel guests may use, but be advised that hotels typically have rules in regards to pool usage.
How close is Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont from the Beaumont city center?
Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont is just 4.2 mi away from the center of Beaumont. You can easily get to other landmarks from Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont, including Art Museum of Southeast Texas, which has been found to be a popular place to visit amongst tourists.
What is the Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont phone number?
If you have questions or concerns about your stay, call +1 409 434 0600 to talk to a Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont front desk representative.
Does Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont have Wi-Fi available?
Yes, Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont has Wi-Fi available to hotel guests.
Is there a gym or fitness center at Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont?
Yes, Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont has a fitness center available to guests throughout their stay.
What is the check-out time at Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont?
Check-out should be before 12:00 PM. For checking in at Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont, guests should plan for any time after 3:00 PM on the day of their scheduled arrival.
How much does it cost to stay at Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont, Beaumont?
$82 per night is the best price found recently for a room at Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont, with average deals around $122 per night. Enter your dates in the form above to see current prices.
Does Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont have a laundry service?
Yes, there is a hotel laundry service for guests at Residence Inn by Marriott Beaumont. Guests also have access to an iron and an ironing board during their stay - either in the room, or by asking the front desk.


It is easy to install 6E5 in place of oscillator tube because socket's pinout of this amazing valve is nearly the same to pinout of common 6J5 and 6C5 triodes.
Barbara Dunn, G6YL was the first British transmitting radio-lady - her amazing story and some beautiful old photos can be found here: "Tribute to Barbara Dunn".
When I came upon that page at the very first time, I've noticed the unusual transmitter with a spectacular Marconi vacuum tube (I prefer to use term "valve" in this case), described in the text as "Her original transmitter employed an L.S.5 in a Hartley circuit". Digging the Net I discovered (here⬈), that that Hartley has been turned into the TPTG transmitter later. Unfortunately I had not found any more information about this radio - neither drawings, nor interior view. As it turned out then, my friend Lou, VE3AWA has looked for this information too, so we joined our efforts.
I really appreciate Peter, G4XEX, volunteer operator at the RSGB National Radio Centre, who took these detailed photos and allowed me to publish them on the Internet. In email communications of August 2013, Peter told that he would help "in case anyone else wants pictures of anything we have at the NRC".
Yet another vintage Soviet magazine with a yellow-red cover and the giant LENIN quote. Not the best possible design ever, let's turn over the cover.
In this article my attention has been drawn to the unusual transmitter with the sounding name "Иккльз-Мени", but the article is very interesting itself as it gives us the ability to imagine the Ham Radio life in several European countries at that time.
I tried to translate it as close to the original, but keep in mind that this article has been translated several times before – Russian translation after the German article and, I suspect that that German publication has been translated from the French source.
Some time ago digging the web for information on The Radio Club of Hartford, I came across this article in QST magazine (September issue, 1921). In a nutshell, it is about a QRP contest as it should be - "Do More With Less" and then measure how big this "More" is and how much spare "Less" were used. I read this article briefly: something about some kind of reward, some competitions, the names - not very exciting at first sight, but one remarkable thing caught my attention - The Winner, transmitter that won a first prize. This TX has turned my stereotypes upside down (once again): how should it work? where is a rectifier? grounded plate tank? keying the grid-leak?? I have to investigate, or even better - to make my own, based on this article, design and run such a prehistoric radio on the air!
So, is that contest over? I do not think so, not yet, not for me..
The Radio Club of Hartford (affiliated) recently conducted a very interesting contest in the building of C.W. sets. Several months ago the rules were drawn up and about a dozen members entered. The idea was to devise a simple inexpensive C.W. set of low power, preferably operating from 110 volt lighting current, to supersede the spark coil in the small stations about town. The sharper wave and greater distance with reduced interference made this very desirable, and the Radio Club of Hartford is to be commended for instituting steps that can well be followed by other cities in the reduction of QRM.
The awards were made at the final meeting of the club before closing for the summer, and eight contestants were on hand with their sets. These were of every imaginable description, but mostly following the general idea of a small base bearing a vertical panel carrying the controls, with the apparatus behind.
Considerable ingenuity was displayed in the source of power. Several of the sets used step-down ("toy") transformers on the 110 volt supply, the low potential current thus obtained being used both to light the filament and to operate a spark coil with regular interrupter, the secondary voltage of which was dropped by a shunt condenser and then fed to the plate of the tube. These sets of course would operate from a storage battery equally well.
It was a condition of the contest that the operating wave length should not exceed 200 meters, and thru faulty design only two sets were able to achieve this - those submitted by J. C. Randall, 1ANQ, Dist. Supt., and F. H. Schnell, 1MO, our Traffic Manager, who is incidentally vice president of the club. Both of these sets, however, were able to get down to 180 meters, altho readings were taken at 200. A phantom antenna was used, consisting of a 12-ohm resistance and a mica condenser of .0005 mfd. capacity, in series with a Jewell thermo-couple ammeter.
I'm not sentimental, I'm just as romantic as you are, so I agreed with Mac W8ZNX that "a bit of a chirp and some drift" is not a drawback, it is an attribute, trait of a telegraph radio station, especially the Glowbug one. Just a bit, not too much, and how big this bit should be, I prefer to choose myself.
Well, I used to use a Straight Key, then learned a BUG, and everything was fine until I used a cathode keying of a rock bound oscillator or a differential keying of my Magic Eye MOPA transmitter. When I tried to manipulate the high impedance grid circuit of the TNT oscillator, I got a pretty nasty instability of note, specifically at the dots generated by semi-automatic key (dot contact spring, you know).
As I see it, the dot contact spring produce a micro spark, discharging the bypass capacitor sporadically, so that every time the exciter starts to oscillate, it has unpredictable remaining voltage on the tube grid. This effect is negligible on dashes (non bouncing contact), as well as in case of cathode keying (low impedance circuit).
Anyway, additional germanium diode on the BUG contacts solved the problem and I got exactly what I want - "a bit of a chirp and some drift", not too much.
WARNING: Can reduce clicks and improve the signal even if you use a cathode keying or rock bound oscillator.
For those of my friends tube radio builders, who asked me about "Soviet novice transmitter", "XUSSR QRP TX" (as it pronounced in telegraph),"something authentic, but not too complex" etc, such a RIG should be a good choice - easy to build and clearly adjustable design, small amount of widespread parts, a lot of potential operational fun (two possible output sockets, changeable configuration, very uncommon CW note, i believe). And, after all - a frumpish bald telephonist on the cover as a genuine sign of Soviet authenticity.
This simple two-stage telegraph transmitter has been developed for a QRP experiments on the amateur HF bands.
The rock bound exciter on the 6П3С (6L6) vacuum tube utilizes circuit known as the "Three-point" (or Tritet in common notation). The crystal controls the frequency of oscillation - 3510kc in this case. Signal output is taken from a separate tuned tank circuit L1C4 in the plate circuit of exciter; this tank should be tuned to 3510kc or 7020kc.
The second stage on the 6П7С (6BG6) tube acts as an amplifier or frequency multiplier (doubler or tripler) depends on an inductance of the L2 coil and bias voltage on the signal grid of this tube.
If you would like to use this transmitter on 80m band as well as on 40m with a noticeable lowered power, you have to connect an antenna to the "A1" connector and pull the amplifier tube (6BG6) out from the socket. For the general power output on 7020kc and QRP operations on 14040kc and 21060kc that tube has to be back and antenna switched to the "A2" output connector.
Several interesting QSO's has been obtained using this transmitter in October 1966. For example, UA0MX and K2AGU on 14Mc, and F9MC on 21Mc with a power level as low as 1.7 Watt.
A Fine - Line Project.


Grab your favourite workout buddy! Our friends at CrossFit Newmarket Central are hosting an awesome competition on Saturday, June 10, in support of the Southlake Cancer Foundation. Their goal is to raise $35,000 and we are hoping to send a number of teams from CrossFit Bradford.
Teams are 1 male and 1 female and divided into Scaled and RX divisions, and there are some great prizes!
Use promo code "CANCER" at http://www.crossfittocrossoutcancer.com.


Enterprise content management software, or ECM, can help large companies to more efficiently track, monitor and access valuable information as needed. Similar to a general content management solution, ECM can improve content quality and accuracy as well as optimize business productivity by elevating employee performance.
Download this FREE report today and discover which of the top ECM software solutions is right for you.


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President signs Book of Condolence for Nelson Mandela
Staff WriterJune 10, 2014
Georgetown, GINA, December 7, 2013
President Donald Ramotar today signed the Book of Condolence for the late anti-apartheid leader, icon and Former President of South Africa, Nelson Mandela. First Lady Deolatchme Ramotar also signed the Book of Condolence.
Mandela, who became one of the world's most beloved statesmen and a hero of the 20th century when he emerged from 27 years in prison to negotiate an end to white minority rule in South Africa, was 95 when he died on December 4.
In a televised message to the nation on Monday, President Ramotar described Mandela's passing as a "loss not just one for the people of South Africa, but for Africa as a whole, and the world at large. Nelson Mandela was a giant in defence of human rights and for a free and just society, not only for his beloved South Africans, but for the oppressed the world over".
Mandela died of complications from a recurring lung infection. The Nobel Peace Prize Laureate was a symbol of reconciliation for a country with a brutal history of racism. He was released from prison in 1990 after nearly 30 years for plotting to overthrow South Africa's apartheid government.
President Donald Ramotar signs the Book of Condolence for the late Neslon Mandela
In 1994, in a historic election, he became the nation's first black president of South Africa, where he brought about a peaceful transition from the white-dominated government to a multi-racial democracy. Mandela stepped down in 1999 after a single term and retired from political and public life. His death closed the final chapter in South Africa's struggle to cast off apartheid, leaving the world with indelible memories of a man of astonishing grace and good humour.
Born in 1918 in the village of Mveso in Transkei, South Africa, Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was the son of a tribal chief in Transkei, one of the future "Bantustans" independent republics set up by the apartheid regime to cement the separation of whites and blacks.
First Lady Deolatchmee Ramotar signs the Book of Condolence for the late Neslon Mandela
Growing up at a time when virtually all of Africa was under European colonial rule, Mandela attended Methodist schools before being admitted to the black University of Fort Hare in 1938. He was expelled two years later for his role in a student strike. He moved to Johannesburg and worked as a policeman at a gold mine, boxed as an amateur heavyweight and studied law. Mandela began his rise through the anti-apartheid movement in 1944, when he helped form the ANC Youth League. He was arrested in 1962 and sentenced to five years' hard labour for leaving the country illegally and inciting blacks to strike. A year later, police uncovered the ANC's underground headquarters on a farm near Johannesburg and seized documents outlining plans for a guerrilla campaign. At a time when African colonies were one by one becoming independent states, Mandela and seven co-defendants were sentenced to life in prison.
In 1973 Mandela refused a government offer of release on condition he agrees to confine himself to his native Transkei. In 1982, he and other top ANC inmates were moved off Robben Island to a mainland prison. Three years later, Mandela was again offered freedom, and again he refused unless segregation laws were scrapped and the government negotiated with the ANC.
On February 11, 1990, inmate No. 46664, who had once been refused permission to leave prison for his mother's funeral, went free and walked hand-in-hand with Winnie, his wife. Blacks across the country erupted in joy — as did many whites.


Now that you have decided to move to Denver to live, work and play you will also find comfort in knowing that you can plan your retirement here as well. Three Colorado cities are listed within the top 15 cities to retire in.
ValuePenguin (a data analysis company based in NYC) used criteria such as Housing and Taxes, Healthcare and Safety, Travel and Leisure, and Quality of Life to determine overall city scores.
According to the report, Fort Collins, which is about 90 minutes north of Denver, came in overall as #2 on the list. The city scored particularly well in the category of Healthcare and Safety, coming in 7th out of 200 cities. They scored 8th in the category of Quality of Life.
The overall ranking for the Denver/Aurora/Lakewood metro area was not far behind Fort Collins, coming in at 9th place. Boulder came in at 12th.
Other Colorado cities to make the list include Colorado Springs, just to the south of Denver (25th overall ranking), and to the north of Denver, Greeley came in at 61st.
To see the full list of Best Cities to Retire, check out ValuePenguin's Best Cities to Retire study report.


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Yogi Ferrell is reportedly 'picking up traction' in free agency
It sounds like Yogi Ferrell will still have a place in the NBA next season.
By Christian Rivas@RadRivas Nov 23, 2020, 3:07pm PST
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With De'Aaron Fox, Cory Joseph and Tyrese Haliburton under contract for next season, the Sacramento Kings probably aren't making Yogi Ferrell a priority in free agency, especially after the season he just had. However, that doesn't mean that there aren't other teams interested in the 27-year-old guard.
According to Chris Haynes of Yahoo Sports, Ferrell is among the point guards that teams have expressed interest in as rosters are nearing their maximum capacity across the league.
Two serviceable point guards who are starting to pick up traction in the free agent market: Emmanuel Mudiay and Yogi Ferrell.
— Chris Haynes (@ChrisBHaynes) November 23, 2020
Ferrell averaged 4.4 points per game on 42% shooting from the field, including 30.4% shooting from behind the arc, in 50 appearances with the Kings last season. He also averaged 1.4 assists and a rebound per game while averaging a career-low 10.6 minutes per game. Those numbers aren't going to get him a big deal on the open market.
That being said, Ferrell is a perfectly servicable third string point guard in the right situation, as he showed in his first season with the Kings, and the season before that with the Dallas Mavericks. Even if he doesn't end up moving the needle for another team on the court, he's a great guy to have in the locker room, and in the community.
In May, Ferrell donated meals and ice cream to the Sacramento Children's Home with the help of local restaurants El Novillero, Happy Takeout, Pangaea Bier Café and Roma's Pizzeria. Häagen-Dazs provided the ice cream.
Ferrell's absence won't be felt on the basketball court if he leaves,, but that doesn't mean he won't be missed — he will, and whichever team ends up with him will be lucky to have him.
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KIMAA karateka from Turramurra and Annangrove dojos competed in the Australian Kyokushin Karate Association NSW State Tournament on May 22.
Sempai Jason Lambe (1st Dan Kyokushin) and Christian Girdham competed from Annangrove Dojo, while Angus and Victor Sweeney represented Turramurra.
Christian Girdham and Sempai Jason Lambe with Shihan Rick Cunningham.
Acting as coaches and other support on the day were Shihan Rick Cunningham, Sensei Mark Shelmerdine, Sensei James Sidwell and Sensei Don Cheong.
Victor and Angus Sweeney with Sensei James Sidwell and Sensei Mark Shelmerdine.
Sempai Jason, Angus and Victor all fought in the COLTs heavy weight division while Christian fought in the COLTs light weight division.
Sempai Jason and Victor were up against each other for their first fight. Victor lost to Jason by a half-point due to a solid kick to the ribs, but the round still went to completion.
Angus was up against a black belt in his first round. Angus lost by a half-point when he took a jodan mae geri to the face, but continued the fight to completion.
Sempai Jason then went up against the black belt who had bested Angus. Sempai Jason fought well but also lost by a half-point due to a head kick, yet he finished the round all the same.
These three had fought in the AKKA state titles last year and in others, but for Christian, it was his second tournament. He fought well for his second time, but ultimately lost his round due to an ushiro geri kick.
Well done to all competitors for turning up and representing KIMAA.
Sempai Jason Lambe, Victor Sweeney, Sensei James Sidwell, Shihan Rick Cunningham, Angus Sweeney, Sensei Mark Shelmerdine & Christian Girdham.


There is only one real soapy massage parlor (aap-op-nuat) in Udon Thani and that's Oscar in the western part of town not too far from Nong Prajak Park. There are about 10-15 girls in the fishbowl and 3-5 sideliners on the red couch at most times. Prices are 1,600 Baht for the fishbowl girls and 1,900 Baht for the sideline girls. The atmosphere at Oscars is quite relaxed, you'll see many Thai guys just hanging out for hours drinking beer before picking one of the girls (or not).
The papasan is very friendly, not pushing at all and does speak some basic English. The quality of girls may not be as great as in Bangkok, but there are a couple of young, white skinned and quite hot sideline girls, most of them have no children (you can ask the papasan of course). Otherwise quite an old building and same for the rooms that have seen better times, but it's still alright and if you pick the right girl it's definitely worth it.
You can go for a look and get back with more info for the web site.


text:
Luciano Contreras y Contreras, né le  à Valle de Juárez (Mexique, État de Jalisco), mort à Mexico (Mexique) le , est un matador mexicain.

Présentation
Il fit ses débuts en Espagne à Tetuán de las Victorias (province de Madrid) le , aux côtés de « Cámara » et « Carnicerito de Méjico », face à des novillos de la ganadería de Manuel Blanco. Il se présenta  à Madrid le  aux côtés de Luis Morales et « Carnicerito de Méjico », face à des novillos de la ganadería de Martín Alonso.

Après avoir participé en tout à cinquante-deux novilladas, il prit une première alternative à Bogota (Colombie) le , avec comme parrain, Andrés Mérida et comme témoin, « Aldeano » (qui recevait également l'alternative), face à des taureaux des ganaderías de Santamaría et de Mondoñedo.

En 1932, il revint en Espagne en qualité de novillero puis prit une deuxième alternative à Cuenca (Espagne) le , avec comme parrain Manolo Bienvenida et comme témoin Domingo Ortega, devant des taureaux de la ganadería de la Viuda de Félix Gómez. Il confirma cette deuxième alternative à Mexico le  avec comme parrain « Cagancho » et comme témoin David Liceaga, devant des taureaux de la ganadería de San Mateo.

Après avoir participé à quarante-huit corridas au Mexique et dix en Colombie, il renonça une nouvelle fois à l'alternative et revint en Espagne participer à une trentaine de novilladas. Après son retour au Mexique, troisième alternative à Santiago de Querétaro (Mexique, État de Querétaro de Arteaga) le , avec comme parrain Lorenzo Garza et comme témoin Carmelo Torres.

Il prit sa retraite en 1946.

Voir aussi
Liste de matadors

Torero mexicain
Naissance en juin 1903
Naissance dans l'État de Jalisco
Décès en février 1991
Décès à Mexico
Décès à 87 ans
Alternative à Bogota
Alternative à Cuenca
Alternative à Santiago de Querétaro
Alternative triple