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Main > The authors > Kate Lauren
Kate Lauren download all books 3 books
Kate Lauren
Never, ever cry...
Seventeen-year-old Eureka won't let anyone close enough to feel her pain. After her mother was killed in a freak accident, the things she used to love hold no meaning. She wants to escape, but one thing holds her back: Ander, the boy who is everywhere she goes, whose turquoise eyes are like the ocean.
And then Eureka uncovers an ancient tale of romance and heartbreak, about a girl who cried an entire continent into the sea. Suddenly her mother's death and Ander's appearance seem connected, and her life takes on dark undercurrents that don't make sense.
Can everything you love be washed away?
Luce would die for Daniel.
And she has. Over and over again. Throughout time, Luce and Daniel have found each other, only to be painfully torn apart: Luce dead, Daniel left broken and alone. But perhaps it doesn't need to be that way. . . .
Luce is certain that something — or someone — in a past life can help her in her present one. So she begins the most important journey of this lifetime . . . going back eternities to witness firsthand her romances with Daniel . . . and finally unlock the key to making their love last.
Cam and the legions of angels and Outcasts are desperate to catch Luce, but none are as frantic as Daniel. He chases Luce through their shared pasts, terrified of what might happen if she rewrites history.
Because their romance for the ages could go up in flames . . . forever.
Sweeping across centuries, PASSION is the third novel in the unforgettably epic FALLEN series.
Hell on earth.
That's what it's like for Luce to be apart from her fallen angel boyfriend, Daniel.
It took them an eternity to find one another, but now he has told her he must go away. Just long enough to hunt down the Outcasts — immortals who want to kill Luce. Daniel hides Luce at Shoreline, a school on the rocky California coast with unusually gifted students: Nephilim, the offspring of fallen angels and humans.
At Shoreline, Luce learns what the Shadows are, and how she can use them as windows to her previous lives. Yet the more Luce learns, the more she suspects that Daniel hasn't told her everything. He's hiding something — something dangerous.
What if Daniel's version of the past isn't actually true? What if Luce is really meant to be with someone else?
The second novel in the addictive FALLEN series . . . where love never dies.


Dr. Mercola Ubiquinol is a nutritional supplement designed to support a healthy lifestyle, energize the body and the mind and reduce the typical signs of aging. The formula is offered under the brand of Dr. Mercola, developed by Dr. Joseph Mercola, a licensed osteopathic physician trained in both traditional and natural medicine. He is the one who funds a website especially designed to inform people about products available on the market which bring the most benefits to their users and about some wrongfully advertised formulas.
The formula is based on a substance called Ubiquinol, which is converted from the enzyme CoQ10. It is the active form of the CoQ10 nutrient and is believed to have beneficial effects on the energy levels, heart, circulation and blood pressure, immune and nervous system. Dr. Mercola Ubiquinol also acts as an antioxidant helping the body to fight against oxidation stress and to recharge other antioxidant nutrients.
Dr. Mercola Ubiquinol contains the following ingredients: Ubiquinol (Kaneka-QH, reduced form of CoQ10), fish gelatin capsule (from tilapia), citrus extract, and medium chain triglycerides.
Dr. Mercola Ubiquinol is advertised as a multi-benefit formula based on a single active ingredient which is the active form of coenzyme CoQ10, Ubiquinol.
Ubiquinol is the fully reduced form of Coenzyme Q10 and can be found in nearly every human cell, tissue and organ (and generally in all mammals). Its main function is to transport electrons resulting in ATP synthesis which takes place in the mitochondria of cells. Mitochondria are known as the source of the largest quantity of energy needed for cellular development and growth and healthy metabolism. This is why Ubiquinol is now considered one of the most important antioxidants for the cellular system.
A large variety of studies involving this nutrient have been conducted. The neuronal benefits shown through clinical trials include reducing the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, memory loss, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, depression and dementia. Dr. Mercola Ubiquinol is recommended as a dietary supplement in a dose of one capsule daily or as suggested by a healthcare professional. It is highly recommended for individuals under statin drugs (used to reduce cholesterol levels).
The formula is not recommended for people under 25 years old as CoQ10 should be absorbed naturally by the body. Mild side effects of CoQ10 intakes commonly reported are nausea, headache, gastrointestinal upset or loss of appetite, but it is considered a safe supplement. The recommended daily capsule of Dr. Mercola Ubiquinol is one capsule.
Dr. Mercola Ubiquinol is a nutritional supplement advertised as the necessary antioxidant protection for a healthy functioning of several systems and for reducing the negative effects of aging. The formula is not different from those of competitors' and is not an FDA approved supplement. The formula's effectiveness hasn't been supported by any online testimonial or scientific research. Also, conclusive reviews from consumers are missing. The research made on the active ingredient is the only thing supporting the advertised benefits of Dr. Mercola' s formula. This is why, in case of insufficiently researched or unapproved supplements, we always recommended you to consult a healthcare professional before starting using them.
Dr. Mercola Ubiquinol or HCF?


Introducing BFree's new Oaty Loaf, made with 50% certified gluten free oats. This is one of our most popular recipes.
Boil a large pot of water for the eggs.
Mash the avocado in a bowl and crumble in the goats cheese. Mix gently.
Once the water looks like it's about to boil, turn down the heat and add the eggs gently one by one into the centre of the pot. They should take no longer than 3/4 minutes.
Once everything is ready, assemble the dish- top the Oaty Loaf slices with the avocado mix, and then top with a poached egg. Season with some sea salt and pepper anda drizzle of pesto.


Knoxville Lawyer Brad Sagraves - Tennessee Attorney - Egerton, McAfee, Armistead & Davis, P.C.
Brad Sagraves is a shareholder with the firm practicing in the areas of business law, tax, probate and estate planning.
Brad generally advises businesses and individuals on forming businesses, whether limited liability companies, limited liability partnerships, partnerships, corporations or s-corporations. Brad advises clients on structural changes, buyouts, mergers, acquisitions or tax-free reorganizations, as well as day-to-day needs of the average business.
Brad also represents clients before the Internal Revenue Service, Tennessee Department of Revenue, Tennessee Board of Equalization and other tax authorities. His representation extends to audits, collection actions, requesting installments agreements and offers in compromise, and obtaining property tax exemptions for charitable or other qualified institutions.
As part of advising his clients in business and tax matters, Brad also provides estate planning and succession planning to ensure that the client's assets pass according to the client's wishes, whether to families, friends or charities. Brad can tailor the appropriate estate plan for each client, whether it is a simple will with trusts for a client's children or complex tax-planning wills to ensure that inheritance and estate taxes are minimized. Brad also has experience in drafting special needs trusts, life insurance trusts and charitable remainder trusts. As part of his estate practice, he regularly represents clients in probate and conservatorship matters, whether simple, complex or contested.
Brad also has experience in federal contracting guidelines, international tax issues, self-settled asset protection trusts and many other areas of law.
Dan W. Holbrook with Bradley C. Sagraves, Top 10 Effects of the Tax Reform Act on Estate Planning, in the April 2018 edition of the Tennessee Bar Journal.
Bradley C. Sagraves and Bobak Talebian, Material Adverse Change Clauses in Tennessee: Genesco v. Finish Line, Transactions: The Tennessee Journal of Business Law, 2008.


HMS Consulting appreciates the critical importance of safety and risk management in the maritime environment. We can assist clients with not only understanding and meeting the regulatory requirements, but also exceeding them to provide the most benefit.
Whether mandated by regulation or to implement best management practices, HMS Consulting is intimately familiar with and experienced in the development, implementation and maintenance of safety management systems. These systems can be tailored to your operations while meeting all regulatory requirements.
HMS Consulting can guide you through the applicable security regulations to ensure your operations not only meet requirements, but are genuinely secure. We have extensive experience in performing assessments, developing both vessel and facility security plans and coordinating security exercises and drills.
An invaluable management tool, we can guide you through the highly effective risk assessment process to better understand where your greatest institutional perils exist and how best to mitigate those threats. HMS Consulting works closely with your organization to ensure the risk assessment accurately reflects your reality, and mitigation steps are understood and embraced at all levels.
Let HMS Consulting guide you through the ever-changing and complicated requirements of the STCW Code. In today's maritime industry, your crew are your most valuable asset, therefore it is imperative to invest in their training, education and development. We can help you identify the most efficient ways to develop your employees while still meeting regulatory requirements.
Our parent company, HMS Global Maritime, has been at the forefront of HSC Code compliance for over a decade. With highly experienced trainers and operators, we can help you navigate the HSC Code requirements, develop required manuals and provide type-rating training.
As sustainability becomes more prevalent in the industry, whether by regulatory mandate, social expectations or efficiency gains, management programs are a necessary element to ensure you achieve the most benefit from your actions. No matter how simple or far-reaching your environmental goals are, HMS Consulting can assist you with developing and implementing suitable management systems to help you realize your goals.
Systems are only as effective as the culture that drives them, but culture is not automatic, nor can it remain static. Culture can be changed or modified to ensure your operations are safe and efficient. HMS Consulting can guide you through the process of developing a lasting safety culture that will reduce your risk of incidents and accidents while invigorating and motivating your workforce to continually strive for improvement.
is a proud member of the HMS Global Maritime family of companies.


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Q: File dialog is crashing, where do I report the bug? Whenever I try to open a file, for example within gedit, an application crashes immediately.
The same happens with other apps. If it does matter, I'm connecting to ubuntu remotely via VNC.
Here is the stacktrace:
 *** glibc detected *** gedit: malloc(): memory corruption: 0x000000000130b8e0 ***
======= Backtrace: =========
/lib/libc.so.6(+0x774b6)[0x7fb39b50f4b6]
/lib/libc.so.6(+0x7b55f)[0x7fb39b51355f]
/lib/libc.so.6(__libc_malloc+0x6e)[0x7fb39b51438e]
/usr/lib/libpixman-1.so.0(+0x1724b)[0x7fb3982a324b]
/usr/lib/libpixman-1.so.0(pixman_image_create_solid_fill+0x9)[0x7fb3982c48b9]
/usr/lib/libpixman-1.so.0(pixman_image_fill_boxes+0x23a)[0x7fb3982be63a]
/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.14

...

7fb38ab43000-7fb38ad42000 ---p 000e8000 09:02 133465                     /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.14
7fb38ad42000-7fb38ad4a000 r--p 000e7000 09:02 133465                     /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.14
7fb38ad4a000-7fb38ad4c000 rw-p 000ef000 09:02 133465                     /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.14
7fb38ad4c000-7fb38ad61000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
7fb38ad61000-7fb38ad6c000 r-xp 00000000 09:02 8257554                    /usr/lib/enchant/libenchant_ispell.so
7fb38ad6c000-7fb38af6c000 ---p 0000b000 09:02 8257554                    /usr/lib/enchant/libenchant_ispell.so
7fb38af6c000-7fb38af6d000 r--p 0000b000 09:02 8257554                    /usr/lib/enchant/libenchant_ispell.so
7fb38af6d000-7fb38af6e000 rw-p 0000c000 09:02 8257554                    /usr/lib/enchant/libenchant_ispell.so
7fb38af6e000-7fb38afae000 r-xp 00000000 09:02 134452                     /usr/lib/libibus.so.2.0.0
7fb38afae000-7fb38b1ae000 ---p 00040000 09:02 134452                     /usr/lib/libibus.so.2.0.0
7fb38b1ae000-7fb38b1af000 r--p 00040000 09:02 134452                     /usr/lib/libibus.so.2.0.0

Any ideas? Thanks

A: The short answer is: file the bug in Launchpad, using ubuntu-bug, against any relevant package. Filing a good bug, even if it's against the wrong package, is still useful: it's easy for someone better placed to redirect it in to the right one, and much easier than dealing with a bug that doesn't have a stacktrace or other technical information.
As far as which package it should go against:

*

*Filing against one application that does show the problem is a good place to start.

*Choosing the package corresponding to the innermost stack frame that's not really generic like libc would also be reasonable, so (just going off what you show here) libpixman could be reasonable.

*The file dialog for gedit comes from libgtk2 (or maybe libgtk3 depending) so that could also be ok.
This stack trace looks truncated so getting the actual right one by reporting with ubuntu-bug would be much better.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Sgt. Michael Donaldson of the 42nd Division's 165th Infantry Regiment is one of 25 Congressional Medal of Honor Recipients from New York State from the First World War. Sgt. Donaldson was from Haverstraw, NY and was a member of St. Peter's Parish there where he was an altar boy under Fr. Francis Duffy. Donaldson was a boxing instructor before enlisting in the 69th NY Regiment in Jul7 1917 at the age of 30. Donaldson was reunited with his former parish priest, Fr. Duffy, and spoke highly of him after the war, describing him as "he breathed the fire of life into the soul of the Sixty-ninth." Donaldson recounts his experiences with the Fighting 69th in the book Echoes from Over There.
Sgt. Donaldson was cited for the Congressional Medal of Honor on March 10, 1923. He was one of five members of the 69th regiment who received this honor. According to the New York Times, Donaldson was cited for "conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty in action against the enemy at Sommerance-Landres-et-St. Georges Road, France, Oct. 14, 1918." During this battle he returned to the line of fire multiple times to save six of his fallen comrades. The Congressional Medal of Honor is the highest award for bravery and courage offered to individuals in the Armed Forces. The President of the United States awards the Medal of Honor to each recipient.
In addition to receiving the Medal of Honor, Sgt. Donaldson was also awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, the Croix de Guerre with palm, and the Medaille Militaire. He was honorably discharged from the Army in 1919.
THIS IS TO CERTIFY, That Michael A. Donaldson, Sgt. Co. I., 165th Infantry, THE UNITED STATES ARMY, as a Testimonial of Honest and Faithful Service, is hereby Honorably Discharged from the military service of the United States by reason of Circular 106 W. D., 1918.
Said Michael A. Donaldson was born in Haverstraw, in the State of New York. When he enlisted he was 30 2/12 years of age and by occupation a boxing instructor.
He had Blue eyes, Brown hair, Fair complexion, and was 5 feet 10 inches in height.
Given under my hand at Camp Dix, N. J., this 5th day of May, one thousand nine hundred and nineteen.
Name: Michael A. Donaldson. Grade: Sergt.
Enlisted, July 13th, 1917, at New York, N. Y.
Serving in first enlistment period of date of discharge.
Marksmanship, gunner qualification or rating: Not qualified.
Battles, engagements, skirmishes, expeditions: Champagne, Marne Def. Oisne, Marne Def., Meuse, Argonne Off., St. Mehiel Off., Luneville Sec., Baccorat Sec., Fre de Vadenay Sec., Pannes Essy Sec., Army of Occupation.
Knowledge of any vocation: Boxing instructor.
Wounds received in service: None.
Physical condition when discharged: Good.
Typhoid Prophylaxis completed Sept. 1st, 1917.
Paratyphoid Prophylaxis completed Sept. 1st, 1917.
Remarks: Distinguished Service Cross, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre, Served with Co. I., 165th Inf. from July 13th, 1917, to date of Dischg. Promoted for bravery. Served in France and Germany.
A.W.O.L. from 8-12-18 to 9-15-18.


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Ghost Giant Review Big Ol Ghosto
Ghost Giant Review - Big Ol' Ghosto
By: Samuel Guglielmo
I haven't used my PlayStation VR much at all recently. At E3, however, I saw one game that really excited me. Ghost Giant seemed like an extremely interesting tale with a unique perspective. Coming from Zoink (the studio behind Fe and Flipping Death), its the first game in a while that I really felt the need to dig out the headset for. While I ended up getting to another game first, I did make time for Ghost Giant. So was it worth making time for, or should I have let the Ghostbusters do their thing?
There are plenty of games that cover the topic of depression. However, most of the ones that do so do it from the viewpoint of the character suffering depression. Ghost Giant, on the other hand, is more about living with and assisting someone else who has depression. You play as the titular ghost giant, who helps a young boy named Louis. While Louis may have some problems of his own, namely he distanced himself from his best friend and is too introverted to make more, the bigger problem involves Louis' mother. She's behind on several bills and too depressed to even get out of bed. Now it's up to Louis and the Ghost Giant to help her.
Being the Big Friend in Ghost Giant
Sunflowers more like dead flowers.
Sometimes this can honestly be hard to watch. The well-told story of Ghost Giant has several scenes that manage to hit an emotional level that left me surprised. It was always disheartening to watch Louis try to come to grips with his mother's depression, and several times I had to take a step back from the game when the story hit close to home. Way better written than I could have expected, Ghost Giant's story is by far the game's greatest asset.
It also helps that Ghost Giant is pretty funny. From a crow obsessed with stealing shiny objects to a lion from a family of vegetable salesmen who secretly wants to make rose-flavored chocolates, the cast was constantly making me smile outside of the dramatic moments. Some great voice acting helps with this, as does Ghost Giant's interesting French leanings. A lot of the voice acting has French accents, and many of the names and locations are in French. It seems weird to bring this up, but this feels like the first time I've seen France's culture used in a major way since Assassin's Creed Unity (and all the voice actors in that game were British.)
Going on Ghost Giant's Puzzle Adventure
Behold! Art!
When you're not watching story scenes, Ghost Giant is a pretty typical puzzle game. You'll stand in one spot and use the two PlayStation Move controllers as arms, allowing you to grab and manipulate objects in the environment. You also have the ability to lean in close on specific objects and blow on them to use gusts of wind to push them, but this is something I remember doing twice total during the game's 4 hours run time. You can also pull levers that alter the environment, doing things like turning houses so you can get a peek inside of them, or causing objects to raise out of the ground.
None of the puzzles are really that complicated, usually just requiring a simple series of events out of you. For example, one early game puzzle requires helping Louis reconstruct a crane and then using that crane to load boxes of sunflower seeds onto a truck. First, you need to find gears for the crane, which requires doing things like tickling a clam to get a pearl, helping a young otter overcome her fear of water by just pushing her in, and reconstructing a staircase to help Louis into an area only he can reach. None of this is particularly hard, but it's always satisfying when you realize an answer and can put it together.
Experiencing Ghost Giant's Puzzle Story
Same though.
That said, glitches hamper some of the puzzles. One puzzle required me to create a piece of art, which I could do by using a brush with various colors to paint. However, the player needs to interact with the environment to actually find these colors. The solution to getting red is smashing tomatoes into a red paste. The first time I played the level, I could smash the tomatoes, but the paste didn't spawn. As such, I became trapped and had no way to finish the level. I wasted quite a bit of time experimenting with weird combinations. Once I figured out that something was wrong, I had to restart from the beginning. Another time the game couldn't find my Move controllers, and just sort of assumed they were somewhere off in the distance until I had reset it.
At least just experimenting is fun. Characters often have silly reactions to things that happen in the environment. Just poking a trio of artsy fartsy cats on a bridge cause them to try and figure out why the town doesn't have real art, and who are currently involved in the love triangle this week. When I finished one level, that took place in the woods, sticking around meant I got to see a bear exercising and jogging past. Each level also has many collectibles, with basketballs to throw through hoops, hats you can put on characters, pinwheels to blow on, and worms to poke. If you're going for 100% you can add a couple more hours to the game easily.
Ghost Giant Review | Final Thoughts
There are enough wacky characters in this screenshot alone.
All of this did a good job keeping me entertained while playing Ghost Giant. However, the lovingly crafted story is what really tied it all together. It takes a good game and elevates it to a great one. At several times I really just had to take the headset off, as scenes often left me feeling touched. I could relate to what each character was going through. I wanted to spend more time in the ghost shoes of the Ghost Giant if only to try and continue to provide a little more comfort for each one. If you have PSVR this is a game well worth picking up.
TechRaptor reviewed Ghost Giant on PlayStation VR using a copy provided by the developers.
Ghost Giant's fun puzzles and lovely story are well worth experiencing for anyone who may have access to PSVR.
Touching Story
Entertaining Interactions
Interesting World
Puzzles Too Easy Sometimes
Occasional Glitches
Samuel Guglielmo
Reviews Editor
I'm Sam. Been playing video games since PlayStation. Favorite games include Ace Combat 5, Perfect Dark, Final Fantasy IX, Metro 2033, and MonsterBag. Also loves books and can be found face first in one all the time.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Pop Up House is an addition of a two story room in the center of a one story 1940's home in Santa Monica. The new space becomes the focus of the house with a den and dining space opening to the kitchen and a home office on the mezzanine. The addition provides natural ventilation with high windows on the West by drawing warm air to the top and capturing ocean breezes. Dual-glazed windows at the North let in ample light for work and play without solar heat gain. The addition was done with minimal demolition to the existing house, and the construction waste was recycled. Structural plywood on the ceiling is also used as the finish surface, reducing material. Kitchen countertops are from recycled rubber, decks on the front and back of the house are Trex, a composite of recycled plastic and wood waste.


As an adult, you may remember the flood of reminders, PSAs, dentist recommendations and requests from your parents to take care of your teeth. If you are a parent, then you may have even repeated quite a few of them yourself when instructing your children.
What you put in your body is important for your overall health. That may not be surprising to you. However, what many people do not realize is the effect that your diet can have on your teeth. As a child, you were more than likely able to eat almost anything you wanted without any concerns or worries – treating your body like fun garbage disposal at times. Once you have crossed over into adulthood, though, it is vital to shift your focus towards healthy eating – especially if you want to maintain great oral health.
For instance, did you know that there are certain foods you can eat that can fight tooth decay? Studies have shown that calcium-fortified beverages and dairy products, cranberries and fruits & vegetables can go a long way towards preventing tooth decay and enhance your overall dental health. Even cheese can protect your teeth from decay since the calcium within it blends in with the plaque and sticks to your teeth – essentially creating a protective forcefield in your mouth.
Most people know the value of brushing their teeth twice a day – in the morning after they wake-up and at night before bed. However, as adults, it is recommended to step things up a bit in this regard. You should never view the two-a-day recommendation as a maximum. As an adult, you are in full control of your eating habits and routine – eating various meals and snacks throughout the day and night. This means that your teeth are subjected to the thin bacterial film that can lead to tooth decay more frequently throughout the day than your child (or children) who may stick to the standard 3-meal days. Ideally, it is best for adults to brush their teeth after every meal instead of just before and after bedtime.
The reminder that "you should floss every day" may have haunted your nightmares as a child – especially when the dentist reminded you twice a year of the risks involved with not flossing regularly. As an adult, though, you should be primarily concerned with gum disease. Keep in mind that flossing strengths your gums and makes it much more difficult for plaque to build up in the nooks and crannies between your teeth.
Keep in mind that you no longer have the luxury of "baby teeth" – knowing that a new set of teeth will just grow in place after the others fall out. Therefore, it makes sense why you should be so focused on the fight against gum disease to save those pearly whites from disappearing forever. However, recent studies have shown the gum disease can also open the door for other diseases to develop – such as diabetes, heart disease and Alzheimer's.
As a child, you may receive the "Just Say No" speech when it comes to drugs and the life-threatening dangers of smoking cigarettes. However, long before it threatens your life, cigarettes can endanger your oral health. Recent studies have concluded that smoking increases the risk of suffering from gum disease and tooth decay. More importantly, this nasty habit doubles your chances of losing your teeth much sooner than you think and even require root canal treatment for the teeth that stay put in your mouth.
Just as committing to the decision of not smoking will improve your overall health, it can also quickly improve your oral health as well. You will also reduce the risk of oral cancer by walking away from those "cancer sticks" for good.
Listen to your mouth. This may seem ridiculous, but it is more profound than you may realize. Doctors advise their patients to listen to their bodies, right? This principle stresses the importance of analyzing and examining any new pains or bodily changes that are abnormal and unexpected. The same principle applies to dental care – especially when you are "advanced in years." If you have severe or chronic pain in your mouth, then you should schedule an appointment with your dentist right away.
Pay close attention to the condition of your teeth and gums – not just the day before (or day of) your dentist appointment. Since you are not necessarily staring at your teeth throughout the day as you might do with other body parts, it is important to make this part of your daily routine – perhaps after you brush your teeth. As is the case with any medical condition, early detection presents the best results when it comes to preventative measures and effective treatment plans.
You may get those reminders in the mail or even via text message 2-3 times a year to let you know that your next dental appointment is right around the corner. Make sure that you take these appointments seriously just as you would any other type of doctor appointment. There are too many cases in which the "worst case scenario" became a reality simply because the adult patient ignored, overlooked or simply avoided these types of regular check-ups for one reason or another.
Dr. Chris Campus is a dentist at Sorrento Dental Care in Pensacola, Florida. He loves sharing his knowledge with his patients so they can make better decisions about their oral health.


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Accommodating up to ten guests, this beautiful detached farmhouse with hot tub, set adjacent to an equestrian business and small holding, with fully enclosed garden and ample parking is perfectly situated for a family holiday close to the coast and the beauty of Dartmoor.


First came the inaugural class of social media platforms: Facebook®, Twitter® and LinkedIn®. Then came the second wave: Instagram®, Snapchat® and Google+®. Now, there's an entirely new team of social media players with an ever-evolving list of ways for people to connect, share and promote what matters most to them. From a user perspective, it's a veritable buffet of delicious options. Choosing is as simple as finding where your friends or professional contacts are or selecting the venues that interest you most.
From a company perspective, it's much more complicated. How do you choose the right social media sites for business? Bottom line: if you're overwhelmed and don't know which platforms to choose, we can help.
The truth is, social media for companies isn't negotiable anymore—it's almost an expectation and an issue of legitimacy and sustainability. Businesses that don't have a social media presence are missing opportunities to engage key stakeholders, customers and employees, and are ignoring a potentially powerful pipeline for sales conversions and future success.
But where do you start? And more importantly, where do you draw the line?
Whether you work at a large company, or are seeking social media for small businesses, consider your budget. Resources often require businesses to focus their social media efforts. After all, the only thing worse than having no presence is having poorly-managed social media profiles. The implications can be widespread and potentially damaging to an organization's reputation.
Managing social media for companies effectively depends on focused efforts on strategically chosen platforms. Don't worry, we've simplified the legwork for you. Read on for your five-step guide to finding the right social media site(s) for you.
That's a key consideration when developing your social media business strategy. You can determine which social media platforms your target market is actively using in a number of ways.
It seems so simple, doesn't it? You can survey your existing customers, clients and contacts by using one of the online free survey sites, or by polling them via your email list. Or, you can simply ask them when they enter your brick-and-mortar business or at checkout online.
Social media demographics are widely available online, and the data is robust. You'll want to know the demographics for your current clients and the target markets you wish to reach. Information like age, gender, income and education can be helpful in your decision-making process.
In "Social Media Demographics to Inform a Better Segmentation Strategy," Michael Patterson says in-depth information is available about market demographics for many of the popular sites: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Google+, LinkedIn, Pinterest® and Snapchat. Use that data to determine where the majority of users live, their income levels, their gender and much more. From there, you will be able to glean insight into which platforms your target markets are most likely using, and which social media sites for business are right for you.
"For instance, if you're primarily targeting women over 50 years old, Instagram probably isn't the best option. You're better off with Facebook or Pinterest," Jackson says.
Find where your content, or similar content, is already being shared.
Even if you aren't on social media, chances are your name is there. Consider logging on to various sites and searching for your company name, related product lines, competitor accounts or areas of interest among your target audiences. Look for places where that conversation is happening: your target audience has a presence there that you can work with. As a bonus, you may also learn what your audience thinks of your business, what they wish you would consider tweaking, what they love about your products and services, and even how your staff is performing from a customer service standpoint. Jackpot!
Lastly, consider which social media sites are already driving traffic to your business. You can do this with the help of Google Analytics™. Jackson suggests checking out the data under Acquisition. Then choose Social and Network Referrals.
You know it. We know it. Everyone knows it. Resources—both time and money—are limited. Obviously, managing both wisely is important, especially when considering your social media strategy. So the question is: what is your team capable of doing within budget and scheduling limitations?
It goes without saying—poorly-used resources could result in a very low return on your efforts. Spread your time and staff too thin and your audience engagement could suffer. A single person with an existing full-time load of responsibilities likely won't be as responsive as your social media audience would like. And at its core, that's the point of social media: it's a conversation, and it's about building relationships. If it's a one-sided conversation and customers can't reach you, you may send the message that your business is not interested in providing excellent customer service. Customers have become accustomed to nearly immediate responses and online customer support with a real person on-demand.
In "6 Social Media Trends That Will Take Over 2016" Jennifer Beese said, "Social media thrives on real-time engagement, but each year the window for response becomes smaller and smaller." According to Search Engine Watch, 70 percent of Twitter users expect a response and 53 percent want a response in less than an hour. That jumps to 72 percent when they have a complaint.
Allocating the right resources to the right platforms is essential. No one wants to wake up to negative reviews of their company. Make sure you have enough staff to stay on top of issues and address concerns. In 2014, consumers took to social media to complain about brands 879 million times, according to www.sproutsocial.com. Worse, the majority of those messages went unanswered, even after three days. The good news is that there are tools out there that can help. Automation and social listening tools can help you streamline your efforts and provide useful data to hone your strategy. Overall, they can help make the most of the time and money you devote to social media.
The bottom line: by strategically choosing your platforms and taking time to calculate what you can realistically do with your resources, you can maximize your return on investment (ROI) and delight your customers when they engage with you on social media.
So far, you've considered how much of your staff and financial resources you can dedicate to your social media strategy. But don't stop there. It's vital to consider your strengths. Each social media platform has a unique set of capabilities, and some will be more applicable to your business than others. For example, if you run a professional photography school or an art studio, photo sharing sites like Instagram would provide a great platform to showcase the visual aspects of your business. If you provide drone videography services, you may find sites like YouTube® work better. Look at each channel and consider how they will work with your business.
In "How to Choose the Best Social Media Platform for Your Business," author and online marketing expert Scott Levy suggests, "When it comes to choosing which social media platforms you'll utilize, select those that offer the best potential for reaching your ideal audience and broadcast the type of media you've decided is best suited for your company." When it comes to selecting social media sites for businesses that are large, or social media for small business, most companies don't have the resources to be successful on every platform. So, instead of having lackluster representation in a lot of places, be amazing on a few of them.
Here are some popular platforms and the type of content they work best with, according to Levy.
According to Levy, LinkedIn is great for connecting people, engaging in group discussions about specific interests and showcasing your expertise. LinkedIn is also a popular publishing platform. It is a great option to get exposure for your original content, and to position yourself as an expert in your industry.
This platform provides a continuous real-time conversation in short, text message-like posts. It's ideal for companies that want real-time engagement with their audience and are willing to put in the effort to maintain it. "If you have breaking news, updates, questions for your followers, or if you want opinions now or even need to announce a recall, Twitter is the way to reach out to people," Levy said.
As you can see, the type of content you want to share has a big role in choosing the right social media platforms.
Depending on the size and scope of your business, going for the most popular platforms could be a valid choice. But social media is about more than the number of users. It's important to remember that the bigger the site, the more competition you face. A social media campaign that could easily get lost on a popular site could gain real traction on a niche site. So when you're considering platforms, dig deep. It may require a little legwork, but you could see a huge payoff in market saturation. Here's how to go about it according to Patel.
Consider what Patel calls the lesser three: Pinterest, Instagram and YouTube. You may also want to consider location-based sites, such as Foursquare® and Yelp®, particularly if you have a brick-and-mortar presence.
Consider even smaller sites. Patel clarifies that these sites are still massive, but they appeal to people who have shared interests. These sites include Tumblr®, StumbleUpon® and Reddit®.
Lastly, explore niche sites. A social network that is specifically created for your target market may provide more return on your investment of time and energy. How do you find the right niche social site? Patel recommends simply putting your keywords, along with the words "social network," in a search engine to see what's out there. Niche sites won't have the big user numbers that Facebook has, but you'll get a more accurate sample of your target market when you find the right group.
Hyper-relevant content rules. Users are beginning to prefer in-the-moment content, and most platforms sort posts by relevance. That means better posts get better play.
Live streaming is gaining momentum. Video has been increasingly popular on social media, but these days, users want more. With the advent of Facebook Live, chances are, demand for live-streaming content will only increase.
Social interaction is changing. New types of interaction are emerging, including one-sided conversations on Snapchat and applications like Messenger for Business on Facebook, aimed at customer service. The range of options is constantly growing and new capabilities are emerging. Staying on top of this can put your business on the cusp of the next big thing.
A more personalized experience. As we mentioned, users want content that is relevant. Social media platforms have heard the demands for customization, and they're doing their best to meet those demands.
Social media apps are trying to keep people in-app for as long as possible by offering greater functionality. Experts say this trend will increase as it relates directly to app revenue. "Some of these functions include in-app search functions, embedded content, and in Facebook's case, even a personal digital assistant," DeMers says. Savvy marketers don't have to adopt all of them, he says, but will want to recognize that broader app functionality is a trend that will likely shape the future of social media marketing.
So, there you have it: five steps to finding the right social media sites for business. Once selected, you're well on your way to discovering success in user engagement, sales conversions and brand loyalty. Remember, you don't have to do all platforms well; the key is to select the platforms that work best for your business. Focus on communicating effectively. In time, armed with a thoughtfully-developed strategy, your business can experience measurable ROI, improved customer relationships, and business growth through the power of social media.


The first Stanford Medicine X conference is held, completely powered by e-patient advisors.
2013: The British Medical Journal announces the start of its own "patient journey," saying Let the Patient Revolution Begin.
We've come a long long way since 2010, when people's eyebrows went up at the idea of a TEDx featuring patients!
The Healthcare Internet Hall of Fame honors individuals and organizations that have made outstanding, long-lasting contributions to the healthcare Internet industry. The organization's purpose, while honoring innovation, is to ensure that the "history" of the industry is preserved for future generations new to the healthcare industry.
and more. Explore their website to learn more.
My thanks to the sponsors. I hope this will be the first of many patient inductees – so many have used the internet in so many ways, to alter the future of healthcare!
So fabulous on so many levels — the significance of patients' experience; patients' right to learn, know and learn more about health; and the glory of intelligent, articulate chutzpah!
Perhaps Medicine 2.0 and a few other earlier developments should be credited here as well?
I hardly run the thing :) … by all means see the nominations page on the site!
Dave! Congratulations! A great recognition for one of the most visible online drivers of the patient participation bus.
Congrats, Dave! This is wonderful and well-deserved.
Thanks, Pat – but again, as most of the blog post says, the real story is that PATIENTS are being recognized as a genuine and valuable part of the healthcare world. I'm good at making noise :-), but the noise is always (in every speech) about making the case for listening to patients. Let Patients Help, Let Patients Help, Let Patients Help. So glad healthcare is listening – now the REAL work begins, of gaining widespread change.


Before you start work on the bathroom make sure you book an inspection with our team. We can report on the existing condition of the plumbing to ensure you don't run into any nasty surprises in the process.
Although the unexpected can happen it's always best to account for the situations in your budget before you're stuck with an added expense. We can provide you with an estimate in our consultation session.
By utilising clever storage such as built-in cabinets or mirrored cabinetry, you can make your bathroom appear more spacious without sacrificing useable space. Mirrors are ideal to make rooms look bigger.
Moving doors, windows and walls will all add extra costs to your renovation. Make sure you carefully consider your existing layout before making major structural changes.
While we'll take care of all of your plumbing needs, an electrician and tiler are two other tradespeople you will need to complete the renovation. With experience in this field we can provide recommendations on other reputable companies in the area.


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Home » C Corporation, S Corporation, or Partnership? Which Entity Fits Your Business?
C Corporation, S Corporation, or Partnership? Which Entity Fits Your Business?
The choice of entity is among the most important decisions facing taxpayers when starting a business or investment activity. The choice of tax entity generally includes a C corporation, S corporation, or partnership, each having its own advantages and disadvantages that must be evaluated in terms of how the entity's tax and legal characteristics align with the goals of the business and its investors.
Existing businesses should also evaluate their choice of entity—especially now, in light of President Biden's proposals to increase the tax burden on corporations and high-wealth individuals. Depending on the circumstances, it may make sense to consider converting an existing entity to a different type of tax entity or structure in order for businesses and their owners to better manage their overall tax obligations. An analysis should be performed to determine the amount of any immediate tax cost that would be incurred upon changing entity classification compared to the future tax benefits of conversion.
Choice of entity decisions needs to take into account many tax and legal considerations based on the taxpayer's specific facts and circumstances, as well as business and investment goals. Taxpayers should keep in mind that current tax proposals would raise tax rates and make other changes to the federal income tax system for corporations and high-wealth individuals. These proposals should be monitored, and their potential effects should be considered when evaluating the short and long-term benefits of a particular entity choice.
Tax Considerations When Choosing an Entity
There any many tax considerations that play into the choice of entity decision, some of which are discussed below. All of the considerations should be analyzed together with other important factors, such as whether investors intend to distribute or reinvest available cash, income projections including whether the business anticipates upfront losses, the expected rate of return on investment, the time horizon for exit, and available exit strategies.
Effective Tax Rate on Earnings
The rate at which businesses pay tax on their earnings impacts after-tax cash flow and return on investment. Further, whether the business distributes or reinvests its available cash affects enterprise value.
C corporations pay tax on their earnings at the corporate level at a 21% rate, and earnings distributed as dividends are subject to tax again at the shareholder level. This double taxation amounts to an overall effective tax rate on distributed earnings of around 40%, as opposed to a single 21% rate on earnings that are reinvested in the business. President Biden's tax proposals would increase the corporate tax rate to 28%, which would increase the overall rate on distributed earnings to 45%—or even higher for individuals that would, under his tax plan, be subject to ordinary income tax rates on dividends.
Passthrough entities (S corporations and partnerships), on the other hand, do not pay entity level tax. Instead, their earnings are reported by and taxed at the rates of their owners, regardless of whether the earnings are distributed. For individual owners, this means a top marginal tax rate of 37% on pass-through earnings, or 29.6% if the qualified business income deduction applies. President Biden's plan would increase an individual owner's top rate to 39.6% and phase out the qualified business income deduction at income levels exceeding $400,000.
Although based on the difference in tax rates, C corporations that reinvest their earnings may be able to generate greater after-tax cash flow than a pass-through entity, the analysis should not end there. A C corporation shareholder may pay more tax upon disposing of its investment than a pass-through owner, especially in cases where no viable tax planning strategy exists (see "Exit Strategies," below). In addition, C corporations that do not pay dividends may be subject to the accumulated earnings tax and the personal holding company tax.
The amount of tax owed on exit plays a very important role in the choice of entity decision. Due to the difference in the build-up of tax basis in investments in C corporations versus investments in pass-through entities, C corporation shareholders will generally have a larger gain on the disposition of their investment than pass-through entity owners. The tax on disposition will depend on the owners' tax rates and the amount of ordinary income recapture, among other factors.
There are certain exit strategies that may be used to defer the tax on gains from dispositions of investments. These strategies include:
Reinvesting the gains in qualified opportunity zones or qualified opportunity funds;
Selling the shares of a C corporation to an employee stock ownership plan; and
Transferring the investment through estate planning. Note that under President Biden's tax proposals, the tax basis step-up of property at death would be limited.
In addition, non-corporate shareholders may be permitted to exclude part or all of the gain from the sale or exchange of "qualified small business stock" (QSBS) of C corporations that have been held for at least five years. The overall gain exclusion per issuer is limited to the greater of $10 million or 10 times the aggregate adjusted basis of the disposed shares. Each partner in a partnership and each shareholder in an S corporation is entitled to their own $10 million limitations on dispositions of QSBS by the partnership or the S corporation.
Changes to Entity Classification
Converting from one type of entity to another requires thoughtful consideration, analysis, and planning, and certain entity types may provide more flexibility than others for changing entity status. Converting to a different type of entity may trigger immediate tax consequences, which must be measured relative to any potential future tax benefits. Examples of possible tax consequences include taxable liquidations, tax on built-in gains, gain on liabilities in excess of tax basis, deferred revenue recognition, and changes in accounting methods.
Other Tax Considerations
The following are among the many other tax issues to consider when choosing an entity, the tax treatment for which can vary by entity type:
International tax rules, such as taxation of controlled foreign corporations, foreign tax credit limitations, and consequences of repatriation tax deferral;
Deductibility of upfront net operating losses;
Self-employment taxes (note that the social security base would increase under President Biden's tax proposals);
State income taxes, which vary by state;
Estate and inheritance tax consequences for individual owners and their families; and
Tax reporting requirements, which in certain cases can be less onerous for C corporations as opposed to passthrough entities.
Non-tax Considerations
While the choice of entity is often a tax-driven decision, there are also many non-tax factors to consider, such as:
Liability protection for owners and management;
Flexibility for making day-to-day management decisions and for binding the organization;
Access to capital;
Transferability of ownership interests; and
Available exit strategies and succession planning.
Please contact our AZ Tax Team regarding any questions you might have concerning your choice of entity questions.
Contact the Tax Team
What Business Owners Need to Know About the Newest COVID-19 Relief Package
ARP contains provisions designed to assist small businesses, in particular.
CEO, Rick Reisig Elected as 2021-22 Vice-Chair of NASBA
We are pleased to announce the CEO of Anderson ZurMuehlen, Rick Reisig, has been elected as 2021-22 Vice Chair of National Accounting Association Board of Directors.
Employee Retention Credit – a Valuable Piece of the CARES Act
Operational decisions have never been more important than they are during this difficult time, especially when it comes to deciding the retention of employees.
Montana Filing Deadline for Individuals Extended
Governor Steve Bullock extended the payment and filing deadlines for 2019 individual income taxpayers to July 15 in accordance with the new federal filing deadline.
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425. је била проста година.

Догађаји

Јануар

Фебруар
 27. фебруар — основан Цариградски универзитет

Март

Април

Мај

Јун

Јул

Август

Септембар

Октобар
 23. октобар — Валентинијан III проглашен у Риму за цара Западног римског царства са само 6 година.

Новембар

Децембар

Дани сећања

420-е

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Sports Cricket 26 Dec 2019 Rassie Van Der Dussen to make debut in England Test series
Sports, Cricket
Rassie Van Der Dussen to make debut in England Test series
Published : Dec 26, 2019, 10:19 am IST
Updated : Dec 26, 2019, 10:19 am IST
The 30-year-old Van der Dussen will bat at number five, in the place of Temba Bavuma who has been ruled out with a hip injury.
South Africa batsman Rassie van der Dussen will make his test debut in the first match of the series against England starting on Thursday. (Photo:AFP)
PRETORIA: South Africa batsman Rassie van der Dussen will make his test debut in the first match of the series against England starting on Thursday.
The 30-year-old Van der Dussen will bat at number five, captain Faf du Plessis said on Wednesday, in the place of Temba Bavuma who has been ruled out with a hip injury.
Van der Dussen is one of six uncapped players named in the squad chosen for the first two matches of the four-test series against England.
He had played 18 one-day and nine Twenty20 internationals and was one of the few South Africans who impressed at this year's World Cup in England.
"He was a mature cricketer when he started for us in ODIs and is someone who knows his game very well'" Du Plessis said of Van der Dussen.
"He came into international cricket looking very comfortable and over the last season and a half has been very fruitful and scored a lot of runs in white ball cricket.
"He is calm and composed with the bat. You can just see it sometimes when someone is suited for international cricket and that's been the case with him. I think he will be very much at home."
Du Plessis said a decision on playing an extra bowler would be made on Thursday morning after assessing conditions at Centurion, Pretoria.
"We have asked for good wickets for this test series that offer both something to the bowler and batsmen," the South Africa captain added.
Tags: rassie van der dussen, south africa cricket team, england vs south africa
Location: South Africa, Gauteng, Pretoria
Wrestlers call off protest after Sharan asked to step aside as WFI president
Rishabh Pant will be shifted to Mumbai for further treatment: DDCA director
Rishabh Pant likely to be shifted to Delhi: DDCA Director monitoring his health
Messi says will continue Argentina career after World Cup win


Only from Bag of Beans at The Lake Hotel, Tagaytay*.
*Photo taken on July 11, 2010 at Bag of Beans at the Lake Hotel, Tagaytay. It has since been replaced by a different coffeeshop.
oh yummm!!!! sana bag of beans is in Metro Mla. lang. hehe. anyway i also love Pancake House's blueberry pancakes. MMMMM!


Common Assessment Framework Quality Assurance Panel - CAF is a way of identifying needs at the earliest stage for children and young people in B&NES. It involves listening to children/young people (and their parents/carers) to find out what their needs may be and what is working well.
Children and Young Peoples Network - raise the profile of the third sector in delivering and sustaining services for children and young people in B&NES.
Disabled Children Strategy Group - identifies 8 key areas for developing services for disabled children; these are integrated into the priorities of the Children & Young People's Plan.
Early Help Allocation Board & Panel - looks at ways to provide effective support to children and young people as soon as needs start to be identified, and to bring about change to prevent these from escalating and leading to poor outcomes.
Health and Wellbeing Select Committee - system of checks and balances implemented to monitor and review the activity of the Cabinet and also assist them in developing policy.
The Homelessness Partnership - meets bi-monthly to share good practice and support homeless people into housing, employment and good health.
Joint Primary Care Co-commissioning Committee - the forum where key decisions about primary care commissioning are made.
Local Safeguarding Adults Board - ensures that all agencies work together to minimise the risk of abuse or neglect to adults and to safeguard effectively where abuse or neglect has or may have occurred.
Trustee Network - provide support for Trustees to meet, to learn and to discuss issues affecting the sector.
Volunteer Network BANES - a collaboration of organisations that aspire to support each other in the development of good practice through collaboration in volunteer recruitment, training and support; in the development of consistent policies and procedures, and also making it simpler to volunteer in more than one organisation and to develop or progress.


Epitex from GC is offering an efficient solution to all cases.
Epitex strips are ultra-thin because the abrasive particles are not bonded to the strip by an adhesive. Thanks to this feature, Epitex allows easier access in tight contact points, helping to minimize gingival damage.


An affordable and always inviting welcome to the greatest city in the world!
Located in a historic castle-like building minutes from Central Park and Times Square, Hostelling International-New York provides unmatched value in accommodations and facilities catering to individual and group travelers seeking the best communal stay experience in New York City.
HI New York's modern amenities include more than two floors of common room space for socializing, five banquet rooms for meetings and events and a 36-burner kitchen available for guest use, and of course free wifi. We also house Manhattan's largest private outdoor patio, available for impromptu soccer games or trainings and orientations.
Our 24-hour Welcome and Information desk is always there to help with any questions. In addition, guests can get information on what to visit in the city and how to get there safely and securely. Or if this is your first time visiting New York, our daily guided tours and activities provide a friendly and accessible introduction to everything New York has to offer, from gospel concerts in Harlem to naked cowboys in Times Square!
From New Year's Eve through the summer to Thanksgiving and Christmas we have all special events covered. Not to mention free activities every night. After mingling with other hostlers, a tour lead group embarks on a pub crawl around NYC. If you can't make the pub crawl then you can join our nightclubbing events on Friday and Saturday nights. Four to five nights a week we have comedy, improv, and variety shows in the theater room at our hostel. If that's not enough, you can take Jerry's Grand Tour, a 12+ hour tour of NYC, on Saturdays from 10am and Tuesdays at 11am. Finally, our volunteer-led outings to the Macy's firework show July 4th, Greenwich Village Halloween Parade, and Times Square on New Year's Eve to watch the ball drop have been a great tour tradition at Hostelling International for year!. To sign up for these and many other tours and activities, visit our information desk.
After a full day of exploring New York, spend your evenings socializing at our outdoor patio in Manhattan's largest privately owned Green space. If you have seen the entire city and want to stay in, our large, cozy in-house theater offers a perfect opportunity to rest up and reinvigorate for the coming days. Our free billiards table and great common spaces are great spots to meet fellow hostellers while spending time relaxing. The lounge and game rooms are open 24/7.
We have a huge common kitchen and newly renovated bathrooms and showers, with free linen and towels. Each room has individual heat/air conditioning. You can use private lockers just bring your own lock. There's an also on-site coin-operated laundry facility, snacks and drinks available 24/7, free Wi-Fi and an Internet room with public computers.


Rare musical moments and captivating conversation.
8:15 am Interview with Stephen Hardy Palmer, musician, regarding the release of his fifth album, The Journey in Story and Song.
8:45 am Interview with Adam Shamoon (DOC Institute) regarding their new program, SHORT FILM LAB, created to support and cultivate new and emerging documentary filmmakers.
I think there's a sad story about Lorraine. Would it bother Stephen to share it?
All these guests/topics are very interesting and instructive.


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Die Austrittsarbeit (oder Auslösearbeit, Ablösearbeit) ist die Arbeit, also die Energie, die mindestens aufgewandt werden muss, um ein Elektron aus einem ungeladenen Festkörper zu lösen. In der Regel wird die Austrittsarbeit in Elektronenvolt angegeben. Bedeutend ist die Austrittsarbeit bei Prozessen, die Elektronen gezielt durch Energieeinbringung aus einer Kathode "herausschlagen". Sie steckt als wesentlicher Parameter in allen Leistungsgleichungen zugehöriger technischer und wissenschaftlicher Anwendungen und wird jeweils noch durch die Anregungsart beeinflusst. Sie ist damit eine zentrale Einflussgröße der Elektronenstrahltechnik. Dazu zählen:
 Glühemission (thermische Anregung)
 Gasentladung (elektrochemische Anregung)
 Feldemission (elektrische Anregung durch Auffüllen der Fermi-Energie (Auch "Kalte Emission" genannt))
 Fotoemission (Lichtanregung, siehe Photoelektrischer Effekt)
 sowie kombinierte Anlagen

Theoretisch kann die Austrittsarbeit mit dem Elektronengasmodell beschrieben werden.

Beschreibung und Messung

Die Austrittsarbeit ist von der Elektronen-Bindungsenergie zu unterscheiden, die mit der Ionisationsenergie eines Atoms oder Moleküls vergleichbar ist. Die Elektronenbindungsenergie ist für Elektronen der verschiedenen Elektronenschalen unterschiedlich: Möchte man ein Elektron aus einer tieferen (energetisch niedrigeren) Schale freisetzen, muss mehr Energie aufgebracht werden. Dabei bezieht sich die Ionisationsenergie nur auf die minimale Energie, die aufgebracht werden muss, um ein bestimmtes Elektron aus seiner Bindung zu lösen. Im Gegensatz dazu ist die Austrittsarbeit die generell minimale Energie für den Austritt eines Elektrons, also die Energie beim Herausholen eines Elektrons aus dem Fermi-Niveau.

Die Austrittsarbeit ist daher über das chemische Potential abhängig von der Art des Festkörpers (Stoffes), aus dem Elektronen ausgelöst werden. Sie ist relativ klein für Alkalimetalle wie Rubidium (2,13 eV), Cäsium (2,14 eV), Kalium (2,25 eV) oder Natrium (2,28 eV), während sie für Metalle wie Aluminium (4,20 eV), Zink (4,34 eV) oder Platin (5,66 eV) wesentlich höher ist.

UV-armes Tageslicht oder UV-loses Glühlicht besteht aus Photonen der Maximalenergie 3 eV und kann aus Cäsium Elektronen herauslösen, während bei Zink das energiereichere Ultraviolett benötigt wird.
Die ausgelösten Elektronen besitzen eine bestimmte kinetische Energie:

.

Die Messung der Austrittsarbeit mit Hilfe des Photoeffekts wird meist über die Messung der kinetischen Energie der freigesetzten Elektronen realisiert. Diese ergibt sich aus der Differenz der eingebrachten Energie (meist die Energie des eingestrahlten Photons) und der Austrittsarbeit. Wenn man also die Bewegungsenergie der Elektronen gemessen hat (mit Hilfe eines Elektronenspektrometers), und die benutzte Wellenlänge durch Filter oder Lasereigenschaften bekannt ist, kann man die Austrittsarbeit als Differenz berechnen:

Eine einfache Messmöglichkeit ist auch die Gegenfeldmethode.

Unterschiedliche Austrittsarbeiten zweier Metalle führen zu einem Kontaktpotential, das daher zur Messung von relativen Austrittsarbeiten genutzt werden kann. Bedeutend ist die Messung mit Hilfe einer Kelvin-Sonde, auch Kelvin-Schwinger genannt.

Anwendung

Eine Elektronenröhre verwendet erhitzte Metalle als Elektronenquelle. Zuerst wurde Wolfram mit einer Austrittsarbeit von 4,5 eV, dann Wolfram mit einer ein Atom starken Thoriumschicht mit 2,6 eV benutzt. Eine dünne Bariumschicht auf Wolfram ergab 1,7 eV und die Oxidkathode genannte Kombination aus Wolfram, Bariumoxid und äußerer Bariumschicht ergab 1,1 eV bis 1,0 eV. Die Kathodentemperatur konnte wegen der verringerten Austrittsarbeit von 2400 °C bei Wolfram auf 700 °C bei Oxidkathode reduziert werden.

Siehe auch
 Elektronenaffinität

Einzelnachweise

Festkörperphysik
Stoffeigenschaft
Elektronenstrahltechnologie


Please join us on Saturday, April 6, 2019 for our 36th Annual Walk for Life and 5K Run to support the work of First Care Women's Clinic!
**Earn great prizes as you raise funds!
**Bring a package of diapers to be entered for chance to win an Apple Watch!


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Applegate v. Said
United States District Court, E.D. California
BRIAN C. APPLEGATE, Plaintiff,
SAID, M.D., et al., Defendants.
ORDER DENYING PLAINTIFF'S MOTION FOR INJUNCTIVE RELIEF AND CONSOLIDATION AND GRANTING PLAINTIFF'S MOTION FOR A COPY OF THE COMPLAINT (DOCS. 6, 8)
JENNIFER L. THURSTON, UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE.
Brian C. Applegate, filed a motion requesting a temporary restraining order and/or preliminary injunction seeking to compel prison officials and medical staff to provide him with various forms of medical treatment and for this action to be consolidated with a case he previously filed in this Court. (Doc. 8.) Approximately two weeks before that, Plaintiff filed a motion seeking a copy of the complaint, sans exhibits, as he was unable to keep one at the time he submitted it for filing. (Doc. 6.) For the reasons discussed below, Plaintiff's request for a temporary restraining order/injunctive relief is DENIED, his request for consolidation is DENIED, and his request for copies of the Complaint is GRANTED.
I. Injunctive Relief
"A plaintiff seeking a preliminary injunction must establish that he is likely to succeed on the merits, that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of preliminary relief, that the balance of equities tips in his favor, and that an injunction is in the public interest." Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 20 (2008) (citations omitted). "A preliminary injunction is an extraordinary remedy never awarded as a matter of right. In each case, courts must balance the competing claims of injury and must consider the effect on each party of the granting or withholding of the requested relief. In exercising their sound discretion, courts of equity should pay particular regard for the public consequences in employing the extraordinary remedy of injunction." Id., at 24 (citations and quotations omitted). An injunction may only be awarded upon a clear showing that the plaintiff is entitled to such relief. Id., at 22.
Requests for prospective relief are further limited by 18 U.S.C. § 3626 (a)(1)(A) of the Prison Litigation Reform Act, which requires that the Court find the "relief [sought] is narrowly drawn, extends no further necessary to correct the violation of the Federal right, and is the least intrusive means necessary to correct the violation of the Federal Right."
"An inmate seeking an injunction on the ground that there is a contemporary violation of a nature likely to continue, must adequately plead such a violation; . . ." Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. 825, 845-46 (1994) (citations and quotations omitted). It is subsequent to screening, such as in efforts to survive summary judgment, that a plaintiff "must come forward with evidence from which it can be inferred that the defendant-officials were at the time suit was filed, and are at the time of summary judgment, knowingly and unreasonably disregarding an objectively intolerable risk of harm, and that they will continue to do so; and finally to establish eligibility for an injunction, the inmate must demonstrate the continuance of that disregard during the remainder of the litigation and into the future." Id., at 845-46. However, at the pleading stage, the Court is not in a position to determine questions of a claim's merits which require submission of evidence as opposed to merely determining whether a claim has been stated. Barrett v. Belleque, 544 F.3d 1060 (9th Cir. 2008).
Plaintiff's Complaint is in line for screening. At this point, the Court has not ascertained that he has stated any cognizable claims, let alone that he is entitled to the relief he requests. However, even after screening, assuming that Plaintiff states at least one cognizable claim, his request for a temporary restraining order/injunctive relief cannot be adequately addressed until evidence is submitted. Thus, his request must be denied at this time.
II. Consolidation
In that same motion, Plaintiff states that he consents to consolidation of this action with Applegate v. Koker, et al., Case No. 1:15-cv-01054-MJS (PC). Plaintiff indicates that the actions involve "similar state actor misconduct" and "similar underlying medical ailments" from which Plaintiff suffers and for which he is seeking treatment. (Doc. 8.) However, the actions differ because in this action he names different defendants and he claims the acts occurred at a different state prison.
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 42(a) provides that "[i]f actions before the court involve a common question of law or fact, " the court may consolidate the actions. District courts have broad discretion to grant or deny consolidation. Pierce v. Cnty. of Orange, 526 F.3d 1190, 1203 (9th Cir. 2008); see also In re Adams Apples, Inc., 829 F.2d 1484, 1487 (9th Cir. 1987). In considering whether to consolidate cases, the court "weighs the interest of judicial convenience against the potential for delay, confusion and prejudice caused by consolidation." S.W. Marine Inc. v. Triple A Mach. Shop, 720 F.Supp. 805, 807 (N.D. Cal. 1989).
In this instance, the only common thread between Plaintiff's cases is his underlying medical condition. The actions do not share commonality of defendant actors, location, nor factual allegations. While both actions, presumably involve allegations of deliberate indifference to Plaintiff's medical needs under the Eighth Amendment, this is not enough to warrant consolidation. Further, the defendants in Plaintiff's other case have filed a motion for summary judgment based on Plaintiff's alleged failure to exhaust available administrative remedies prior to filing suit, while this action has yet to be screened. Procedurally, consolidation is not feasible. Plaintiff provides no basis upon which to find a benefit to consolidation of his two actions and the Court finds none. Thus, consolidation of this case with 1:15-cv-01054-MJS is properly denied.
III. Copies of Pleading
In Plaintiff's other motion, he requests a copy of the Complaint he filed in this action, but not the voluminous exhibits attached thereto -- i.e. only the first 26 pages of Doc. 1. (Doc. 6.)
         Plaintiff asserts that he was unable to keep a copy for his records due to fear of retaliation.[1] Though it is not the Court's practice to provide free copies of filings by a party, the Court will make an exception this one time. In the future, if Plaintiff wants a copy of a documents from the ...


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text:
1955 Chevrolet Corvette Roadster
Reading time: about 1 minute | Written by Ben Branch | November 14th 2012
The 1955 Chevrolet Corvette Roadster is a fantastic testament to 1950s automotive design, it's got all the chrome, curves and fins you could want in a car, plus, it's bright red and fitted with a glorious American V8.
1955 was the first year that Chevrolet included its small-block, 195 hp V8 in the Corvette, in the 2 model years before (the Corvette was first released in '53) the car was fitted with a rather wheezy 6 cylinder engine. This new, much more powerful model wasn't the runaway success that Chevrolet had been hoping for as the model was tainted by the unpopular '53 and '54 models.
The '55 model only sold 700 units by the end of the year which led the management at Chevrolet to release the '56 model with a newly designed body, to distinguish itself from the first generation Corvettes. This worked like a charm and it went on to sell 5 times as many units as the preceding year.
Personally, I love the look of the 1955 Corvette Roadster. It looks like a 1950's sports car should, detractors might argue that it leaks like a sieve in the rain but I'd argue that it was never supposed to be driven in the wet. This is a car for sunny weekend afternoons and long coastal roads.
This particular example is estimated to be worth between $120,000 and $150,000 USD, it's a multiple award-winning, Bloomington certified unit that should actually climb in value if it's well taken care of.
Click the link to visit the official lot listing via RM Auctions.
Photo Credits: Teddy Pieper ©2012 Courtesy of RM Auctions
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Exaggerated claims about the effectiveness of dandelion root as a cancer cure-all are frustrating the efforts of a local oncologist and a biochemist conducting legitimate research into the extract.
As clinical director of the Windsor Cancer Research Group, Dr. Caroline Hamm fields emails and phone calls every week from patients who have been misled by the reckless assertions of a questionable publication or Internet site.
"I think most people are desperate and they hear this stuff and they think it's not toxic and they think it will cure everything," Hamm said.
The online article mentions Hamm by name along with two leukemia patients who tout the healing virtues of dandelion tea.
Such sweeping declarations make Hamm cringe.
Hamm has been involved in a research study of 30 patients using dandelion root extract for the past year. She says they're at least another year away from compiling any findings.
"Then at least we'll have some data which is better than what we have now and that's all anecdotal," she said.
University of Windsor biochemist Siyaram Pandey has been studying the anti-cancer potential of dandelion root since 2010 and bogus claims only muddy the water and threaten the legitimacy of his research.
Pandey's promising work with cell cultures and animals led to dandelion root being "the first natural extract reviewed by Health Canada and approved for clinical trial," he said.
The false hope embedded in unfounded claims is not limited to dandelion root.
Hamm says education is the key to medicinal myth busting.
Hamm worries about "the people at the end of their rope" who want to stop traditional treatments in favour of something natural.