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Background Conference Call on the Administration's Request for Overseas Contingency Operations
MS. MEEHAN: Hi, everybody. Thanks very much for joining the call. This is Bernadette. This is a call with senior administration officials to discuss the administration's updated overseas contingency operation request as well as the President's decision to authorize the deployment of additional forces to Iraq. This call will be conducted on background so you can use quotes but you cannot use the names of administration officials. I will let you know who those officials are right now for your information but, again, when you're quoting them, you must refer to them as senior administration officials.
So with that, I will turn it over to our first senior administration official. We'll give you a laydown and then open it up for questions.
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: Thanks, everybody. I'll just make some brief opening comments and then turn to my colleagues to go into more detail on these different elements. We obviously have a number of important announcements today to include the fact that we will be requesting $5.6 billion for additional overseas contingency operations related to our efforts to degrade and ultimately destroy ISIL. Again, my colleague will talk through that — that includes, importantly, a $1.6 billion request to establish an Iraq train-and-equip fund, which is a part of our focus on strengthening Iraqi security forces.
That relates to the decision that the President has made to authorize a deployment of up to 1,500 additional U.S. military personnel to Iraq to participate in that train, advise-and-assist capacity. Clearly, our strategy against ISIL, together with our coalition, has focused on degrading ISIL through our air campaign but also importantly strengthening partners on the ground who can take the fight to ISIL. And what we've seen over the last couple of months is action by the Peshmerga and the Kurdish forces in the north to go on offense and increasingly Iraqi security forces becoming organized and beginning to push back against ISIL around Baghdad and in places like Anbar Province.
We've had U.S. forces in Baghdad and Erbil in joint operation centers with Iraqi and Kurdish forces that have been able to determine their needs, what types of training and equipment can be of most value, what type of intelligence, support and advice we can provide as they go on offense. But we've also been doing an assessment of what additional resources we can put into Iraq to have a more robust train, advise-and-assist program.
Our general view here is that we are not limited by geography in our training and support for Iraqi security forces. And what these additional forces will enable is flexibility for our personnel to go to different parts of the country and to provide that function of supporting Iraqi security forces.
It does not change the President's policy that U.S. forces will not be engaged in combat in Iraq. So even as these forces are able to deploy to different parts of the country to provide the train, advise-and-assist mission, they will not be introduced into combat. That is the Iraqi security forces and the Peshmerga who will be fighting on the frontlines against ISIL.
I would note that this is the request of the Iraqi government. The Iraqi government has sought this additional support from the United States and, similarly, the Iraqi government has made clear that they want Iraqi security forces to be in combat on the ground. They do not want foreign forces introduced to play that role.
I would also note that our coalition is playing a role in every line of effort in Iraq. That includes not just the air campaign but also the train, advise-and-assist mission, and a number of countries have committed personnel to go into Iraq to work with us in carrying out that effort. And that will certainly be the case as we expand our training mission with these additional forces.
So with that, we'll move to the OCO requests. Then we'll go through the specifics of the military commitment, and then our State colleague can put the strategic context in play for you. So I'll turn it over to my colleague now.
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: Great. Let me just briefly provide the budgetary context here and then we'll pass this on.
As was noted earlier, we're announcing today that the President will request an additional $5.6 billion in overseas contingency operations funding for FY15. For context, as many of you will recall, the President in June of this year sent forward an OCO budget amendment for the FY15 fiscal year that included $58.6 billion; that reflected the cost of the operations in Afghanistan, DOD's forward presence in the Middle East, and a number of other critical missions, including the Counterterrorism Partnership Fund that the President announced in early June.
The updated request that the President will transmit and that we are announcing today will reflect additional costs that were unanticipated at the time when the President submitted that initial request in June.
Principally, of the $5.6 billion, that reflects our estimate of the costs associated with the counter-ISIL campaign that was just outlined. Just to break that down a little bit, that breaks down as $5 billion for the Department of Defense and about $520 million for the State Department. Within the Department of Defense resources, roughly $3.4 billion of that is to support the ongoing operations, including military advisers, intelligence platforms, and munitions that are being expended in the context of the campaign that is currently underway.
The additional $1.6 billion will support the Iraq train-and-equip mission through a new Iraq train-and-equip fund. These will provide resources to support the training effort that my colleagues will talk about in more detail.
Importantly, those train-and-equip resources will be supplemented by resources both from the government of Iraq and by partner countries, as was previously mentioned.
The $520 million for the State Department and other international programs is intended to support the diplomatic efforts and other efforts associated with this campaign, including assistance to countries in the region, including Jordan and Lebanon, as well as assistance to the Syrian opposition and other humanitarian aid.
The structure of the request builds on the June OCO request, and we will be working with Congress between now and when the current continuing resolution expires on December 11th to try to make sure that we are able to enact these funds so that we can support this mission going forward.
And with that, I'll pass it on.
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: Sure. We'll go to our DOD colleague.
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: Thank you very much. I'll just give you a little quick breakdown of the 1,500. About less than half of that, around 630 of this number, will be directed to the train, advise-and-assist mission; these additional train, advise-and-assist experts. And they'll be at two expeditionary sites. We're still doing a site survey right now, but we expect one of them to be — one of these teams to be in Anbar, the other one will likely be somewhere in the northern Baghdad Province. I would like to add that not all the 630 are advisers. There will be a good portion of that number will be enablers for them, force protection personnel, some logistics personnel, command and control elements, that kind of thing. So not all of them will be advisers.
The remainder of the 1,500 — around 870 — will be dedicated to this building partner capacity mission, which is essentially a training mission. And there will be several sites stood up in provinces in Anbar, Diyala, Erbil and Baghdad. We're still completing site surveys right now, so we can't get more specific than that. But each of these building partner capacity sites will be able to train and equip about three brigades. And right now we're looking at nine brigades coming from the Iraq security forces, and three brigades coming from the Pesh forces in order to attend this training.
And the last thing I'd like to say is that it's important to remember that this isn't just going to be a U.S. mission. We've got several coalition countries that have agreed to send trainers of their own. And some of them have come forward with numbers, and some of them haven't yet. They're still working that through. But this will be a coalition effort. It is not just an American effort. And as the first speaker said, this is very much in keeping with, A, the progress that Iraqi and Pesh forces have made in south and in the north. So it's reflective of the progress that they've made and the continued progress that they want to make, and the help that they've asked for in that regard; as well as, how seriously we're taking this component of the strategy, that the best ground forces are indigenous ground forces.
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: You want to close this out?
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: Sure, thanks. I want to go back a little bit to where we've been to kind of understand this next step. And if you go back to early June when Mosul fell, and Iraqi security forces in Mosul collapsed, and coming down the Tigris Valley — ISIL was coming down and threatening Baghdad. ISIL then broke through the Euphrates Valley across the border from Syria, breaking through the strategic town of al-Qaem in Anbar Province and pouring down the Euphrates Valley. And there was a real sense in those 72-96 hours of potentially the capital collapsing. Everybody can kind of remember what that was like.
And President Obama immediately in those hours ordered the deployment of special forces teams to assess Iraqi security forces in and around Baghdad, but also further out; immediately surged our intelligence collection overhead, from drone surveillance flights (inaudible) 60 a day, including manned and unmanned surveillance flights. And we also very importantly established joint operations centers in Baghdad and Erbil.
And I was out there when we did that, and those teams got established right away, and also established the most important (inaudible) with the Iraqis in Baghdad and Erbil so that we could begin to work with them to help them both absorb the shock that they were feeling, and begin to kind of get their sea legs back and begin to push back.
There was a question at the time over the course of the summer as we were doing this whether they actually would be able to that. And what we've learned since then, starting in the late summer, is that the Iraqis when they act in coordination with us, and when we're working with units that are pretty good, and our initial assessment you might recall of about 50 units down to 26 were actually quite good, or at least we could work with. Twenty-four of the units we looked at really had to be substantially reformed.
But what we've seen since then, if you look at Sinjar, the defense of Erbil, the defense of Haditha, the Rabia border crossing operation, taking back the Mosul Dam, taking back the strategic town of Zumar, an operation now going up the Tigris Valley is that every single time, every time a local force, an Iraqi force has worked in concert and coordination with us, with our air cover, they've not only defeated ISIL but they've routed ISIL.
And if you think of what had happened leading up to Mosul, about the year leading into Mosul and after that, ISIL had really never been defeated on the field. So it's a pretty significant development. And since we've seen this happen, we've been looking at ways to continue to build on that momentum and really enhance Iraqi capacity. So that's really what this is about.
And let me also just talk about the coalition. It's significant also that in the days after Mosul, the world really did not rally to Iraq. There was a lot of questions about — we had to get a new government up, and whether — how the government was going to (inaudible) basically the vision for Iraq, and putting together a national program. This was very difficult because Mosul had been just shortly after Iraq had a national election.
So over the course of the summer, the Iraqis did come together. They formed a new government. It has significant new leadership from top to bottom, including a very strong minister of defense now. And I've been to about 13 capitals over the last few weeks with General Allen, and there's a real kind of unanimity in terms of support for Iraq. We've seen that both in our bilateral visits, but also at the United Nations Security Council last month, with the United Nations Security Council meetings, which brought about 50 countries together pledging their support for Iraq, which is a really significant development because it's something we haven't had for years. And it gives us a tool and gives the Iraqis a tool to begin to stabilize their country.
Over the skies of Iraq right now, as my colleague mentioned, we have not only us, but also Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, the Netherlands conducting operations and airstrikes along with us. And this is all in support of a new Iraqi government. And that's what's really significant. This government has a new national vision for how to govern the country. It's significantly different from the previous government's vision of how to govern the country. And so we're helping them implement that vision.
But I just want to close with emphasizing how difficult this will be. It's going to be a long-term campaign, as President Obama has mentioned repeatedly. And we've been working very closely with the Iraqis in terms of developing an overall campaign plan. And the Iraqis are also very mindful of just how long this is going to take, and how difficult it will be. But the capacity that we're providing them today will really help us kind of move to the next phase of this campaign, which really began over the course of the summer, as we started to recover from the events of Mosul.
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: Great, thanks. Operator, we will move to questions.
Q Yes, I just wonder if anybody can take this. Why this large increase? Does it show that the Iraqi forces are much less capable than you originally thought? And also if you could address one of the key problems here — talking to people, retired General Mark Hertling says a lot of the good Iraqi commanders were fired by Maliki. Do you know if any of them will be coming back?
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: I'll say a word here, and then my colleagues may want to join on both of those. First of all, again, I think that there has been a very deliberate sequencing to how we've approached this train, advise-and-assist mission. We really needed to get a better handle on the status of the Iraqi security forces. We needed to get a better handle on the intelligence picture against ISIL.
And so the first steps were getting the assessment teams on the ground, and getting these joint operations centers in Baghdad and Erbil to give us that sense. At the same time, we've learned a lot about ISIL through our ISR resources, intelligence collection and through the initial stages of this air campaign.
And I think what we've done now is we've made decisions about how we can best support the Iraqi security forces, as they go on offense beyond just being in Baghdad and Erbil. And so the key point here is General Dempsey and General Austin both made recommendations up to the President over the last several weeks to have more geographic flexibility to move to different parts of Iraq so that we are able to reach a broader base of Iraqi and Kurdish forces.
And so what these numbers really allow us to do is just to have greater reach into different parts of the country to carry out the train, advise-and-assist mission. And again, that doesn't speak to new information about their capabilities, but rather it speaks to how are we going to cover the broadest possible ground, the broadest set of Iraqi units in this fight. And again, by being able to have more troops deployed in different parts of the country to carry out the train, advise-and-assist mission, we'll be able to reach more Iraqi security forces, Kurdish forces to help them with training, advice, equipment, also intelligence as they go on offense. And we'll be connected back into the joint operations centers in Baghdad and Erbil and supplemented by these coalition partners.
So I think the numbers are borne out of the analysis of how we can make the best difference, how we can cover the most ground, how we can reach the broadest cross section of Iraqi and Kurdish forces. And now we're matching resources against that analysis. And this, we think gives us a very solid foundation in the country to provide support to the Iraqis as they begin to take back territory from ISIL and go on offense.
But, my colleagues, I don't know if you want to speak to either of those.
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: The only thing I would add is that — this is also reflective of the campaign plan that the Iraqi security forces are trying to execute. And so it's reflective of where they're trying to go and what they're trying to do, and those divisions that they believe are going to need a little bit of extra assistance, advice, counsel, intelligence support that kind of thing. So it's very reflective — when you talk about geography — about the geography that they want to occupy and they want to have gains in. And the second thing is that we have learned a lot about the leadership in the Iraqi army, and it's a mixed picture, and it's also reflective a little bit of the knowledge added to the mixed picture.
And then the last thing I would say is that the new defense minister made clear to Secretary Hagel in their phone conversation that one of his key goals was to reform the Iraqi army, to try to correct all the things that had gone wrong under Maliki's leadership and the things that had been neglected. And so this is also part and parcel of an effort to assist them in that larger, more strategic effort.
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: I would just add, just building on what my colleague said and how this is kind of — we're (inaudible) opportunities here. The new minister of defense was just sworn in and ratified through the parliament about two and a half weeks ago. Iraq has not had a minister of defense in almost five years. And not only (inaudible), he's a former air force guy in Saddam's air force. He's a well-respected Sunni Arab.
But since he's been in place, just over the last week he was in Anbar Province talking to tribal leaders out there. He was in Erbil talking to the Kurds. At the same time, Prime Minister Abadi was talking to the main tribal leaders. He had delegations come to Baghdad to talk about what they want to do to organize cells to stand up to ISIL.
And so this sort of thing gives us opportunities that we didn't have before. And as my colleague said, the minister of defense has a very clear plan for how he wants to restructure the Iraqi security forces, and we think it's a very good plan. And General Austin was in the country a couple weeks ago meeting with the minister of defense and the Iraqi leadership. So we have a kind of synchronization between what the Iraqis want to do and how we can help them.
And what my colleague said, this really gives us reach, which we need to keep these opportunities in line with the division that the Iraqis are putting out.
I would also say in just in response to the question in terms of the commanders, one thing Abadi has done from very early on in his premiership, is he abolished this office of the commander in chief, which Maliki had set up — very early in Maliki's tenure, about eight years ago. And he also fired the top echelon of the Iraqi command, which is pretty significant. And it's given a new vitality to the Iraqi security forces (inaudible).
And what was announced today basically seizes on those opportunities, and it's the next step as we help develop the capacity of the Iraqis to begin to push back against ISIL.
Q Hi, guys. Thanks very much for doing this call. I wonder if you could just sort of clarify, are you all seeking to have the financing here of the overseas contingency fund approved during the lame duck session? Or does that wait till later? And then also can you talk about this in the context of the discussions the President had said he wanted to begin in the lame duck on AUMF and whether or not these conversations go hand in hand; or is the AUMF sort of a separate conversation than this specific request?
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: Sure. On your first question, this is an amendment to our FY15 OCO budget request. So our expectation is that Congress will enact this as part of the final FY15 appropriations bills. Congress — we're two months into the FY15 fiscal year now, and Congress is operating on a continuing resolution that ends on December 11th. So our expectation is that this will get resolved in the lame duck session as Congress resolves the funding bills for the rest of the FY15 fiscal year.
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: Yes, and on your second question there, Michael, first of all, this whole set of issues was a top of conversation at the meeting with congressional leaders today. General Austin was able to attend that meeting and provide an update and a briefing on this plan, as it relates to the additional personnel going to Iraq.
This I think we would deal with as a separate topic from the AUMF itself. This funding is related to ongoing operations which we have the authorization to carry out. So on the one hand, this is a separate legislative agenda item.
On the other hand, however, I do think it points to the utility in the President working with Congress to formulate and implement our counter-ISIL strategy more broadly. What the President has said as it relates to the AUMF is that the country is stronger, we send a more united message overseas, we're better capable of supporting our servicemen and women if we are acting together. And that relates not just to the funding of our operations, but also to the expression of support from Congress through an AUMF.
So again, given that this is going to be a long-term campaign, that it's going to involve significant resources — albeit very different resources from the war in Iraq and the war in Afghanistan, we believe that we want to work with Congress to achieve an AUMF that gives that expression of support, that message of unity that is important to carrying forward the campaign.
So, they were able to discuss that issue today. I think we'll want to hear from different voices in Congress going forward about the best way to shape an AUMF. We've welcomed the bipartisan support thus far for our actions against ISIL. And again, as we address this specific funding request, we'll also be having conversations about how to move forward on the development of congressional support for an AUMF against ISIL.
Q Yes, hi. Thank you so much for doing this call. Very much appreciated. I would like to ask you a question: What's your assessment on foreign fighters at this moment in Iraq? And in this new strategy, are you going to put more resources to create a structure which will prevent foreign fighters to go to Iraq?
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: Thanks, Laura, for the question. We have a U.N. Security Council resolution that provides an international framework for how to deal with foreign fighters going into both Iraq and Syria. This — the particular announcement today of additional personnel to deploy to Iraq I think would be a separate line of effort within our broader counter-ISIL campaign, in that this is very much focused on helping Iraqi and Kurdish forces take the fight to ISIL on the ground inside of Iraq.
At the same time, however, our broader strategy has a key component that is focused on foreign fighters — foreign fighters to both, again, Iraq and Syria. And what we're looking at, again, is how do we get a cooperation from other countries across law enforcement and intelligence agencies so that we're better able to detect and monitor and, if need be, apprehend foreign fighters before they entered the theater in Iraq and Syria, or if they are seeking to exit and return to their countries of origin.
And so we've committed resources to that. And we're working with a really broad coalition of countries so that we are aligning our efforts to crack down on the flow of foreign fighters into and out of the country of Iraq — and Syria.
This will also be a topic, for instance, of the President's upcoming trip to Asia. There has been a growing challenge of foreign fighters from parts of Asia into Iraq and Syria, including, for instance, Malaysia and Indonesia. And they have stepped up to the plate with additional resources and efforts to crack down on the flow of foreign fighters out of their countries.
So again, while this announcement is more distinctly focused on the support for the Iraqi and Kurdish forces fighting on the ground, the broader strategy and the coalition is going to continue to work across our law enforcement, intelligence, and other channels to try to stop that flow of foreign fighters leading into and out of the country and, importantly, to confront the ideology that is propagated by ISIL to recruit foreign fighters through the use of social media and other propaganda. So that will be a key piece of our broader effort going forward.
We'll take the next question.
Q Hey, guys, it's Major. Can you hear me?
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: Yes. Hi, Major.
Q Two questions. Many Americans will look at this and ask themselves, is this mission creep? Is this growing larger than the President first advertised? Address that and also address — set aside natural journalistic skepticism — that the timing of this after the midterm election has much less to do with the operational necessity in Iraq and everything to do with the political atmosphere before Tuesday.
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: I can take this, Major. First of all, on your first question, the reason I would take issue with the notion that this is mission creep is that the mission is not changing at all for our servicemembers. When the President first sent additional personnel into Iraq, he made clear that we were not going to be putting U.S. servicemen and women back into combat in Iraq; that rather they'd be there in a support role for the Iraqi security forces. And even with these additional personnel, the mission is not changing. The mission continues to be one of training, advising, equipping Iraqis, and the Iraqis are the ones who are fighting on the ground, fighting in combat. So we are keeping the limiting factor on the mission. We are adding personnel to better carry out the mission and, again, to support the Iraqis as they move forward with their campaign plan.
And this is a different — this continues to be a different approach to the previous efforts in Iraq, in which we had large-scale ground forces in combat. What we've determined with the Iraqis is the best thing is for indigenous forces, Iraqi and Kurdish forces, to be the ones taking the fight to ISIL on the ground. Our contribution can come from the air through strikes and through this training, advising and equipping. We recognize that any time that we send additional men and women overseas to serve, particularly in a dangerous country like Iraq, that that raises important questions from the American people about what the nature of their mission is. And that's what — we'll continue to provide those answers, but we'll continue to assure people that this is a different type of mission from the combat missions that we've undertaken in Iraq in the past.
With respect to the timing, no, really, it was not driven at all by the political calendar. As you heard us say earlier, there are a range of factors that led us to make this announcement when we did. Specifically, the sequence of our setting up joint operation centers and having assessments done and determining what the needs were with the Iraqi security forces, the Iraqis were developing their own campaign plan to go on offense in different parts of the country, which we could then support by having a broader geographic presence in the country — the coalition coming together so as we formulate and have discussions with other countries about different nations contributing advisers, we wanted to cement what we believed our commitment would be.
And then, lastly, as my colleague pointed out, the Iraqis just recently got a minister of defense in place. He has been engaged in discussions with Iraqi security forces about where they're going to go on offense and where they see additional needs. And what we're really doing here is matching our resources against the needs we've identified in the Iraqi security forces and the need they've identified in developing their campaign plan and doing their own review.
So this is a recommendation that has been developed over the course of the last several weeks. It's been a topic of conversation in a number of the meetings the President has had, the weekly meetings he has had with his national security team on ISIL. Again, it's a recommendation from Secretary Hagel and General Dempsey and General Austin that was refined over the last several weeks. And today, as we are concurrently seeking these additional resources from Congress, we want to put forward to the American people what we believe the necessary commitment of our men and women in uniform will be to this mission going forward.
And the opportunity of the meeting with the congressional leaders today allowed the President to share this with both the Senate and House bipartisan leadership.
Q This is for number two and number three. Do the Iraqi security forces need weapons-capability improvements, like Apaches and new M-1s or other types of hardware? Or is it more a question of retraining them on the organizational skills of maneuver combat?
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: Tony, as you know, we have a robust defense sales program with Iraq and they do have equipment and weapons needs that we continue to meet, as in the shipment of hundreds more Hellfire missiles just this month. But what we're talking about today is really advise, assist and training, and trying to improve their capabilities, their organizational skills, their ability to provide enablers for themselves or at least to supplement the enablers that they have to help them with the intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance capabilities. So it's really — this is mostly about capabilities. And the robust defense trade relationship that we have with Iraq will continue as well.
Q Thanks everyone for doing this. I haven't heard much discussion about the Sunni tribes other than in these couple of meetings. Will at least one of these advise-and-assist centers be involved in training and equipping Sunni tribes? How onboard are they? Because of course the Iraqi security forces "so Shiite dominated" are really not terribly welcome in some of those provinces.
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: It's a big question and we're in touch with the tribes literally constantly now. And some of the tribes are standing up and fighting ISIL as we speak. Literally as we speak, some of them are prepared to but feel that they don't have the capacity — and, frankly, they're fearful. And you can see what happened to the Albu Nimr tribe over the last couple weeks.
And what that event has done, at least what we are sensing — and I'll be heading back into Iraq this week — is a galvanization of the whole national political class against ISIL, particularly among the Sunnis, but also most importantly the real pillars of Shia Islam in the society are coming out and calling for support for the Sunni tribes. So if you saw Grand Ayatollah Sistani's sermon last Friday, a week ago today, he called on the government to dramatically step up its direct support for Sunni tribes, particularly in Anbar Province.
What we're seeing parallel with that kind of public galvanization is a tangible and concrete plan to first organize and equip 5,000 tribesmen in Anbar, and this is now being openly discussed in Iraq and it's starting to happen. And the government is getting resources out to those tribes and we're trying to work with them as best we can in terms of developing that capacity. One of the things my colleagues said about enhancing and expanding our reach in the country is specifically to take advantage of opportunities like this. And these are opportunities that did not exist say two to three months ago or even 30 days ago. They do exist now and we're going to do all we can to help the Iraqis through our advise-and-assist capability to help them to do this effectively.
So all I would say is that the tribes want to get ISIL out of their communities, but ISIL as we've seen is a particularly ruthless enemy. As I said in my introduction, every time that we've worked with a local force on the ground and we have provided them advice and some cover, they have been able to defeat ISIL. The counter to that, however, is that every time — and particularly before we were substantially engaged — there had never been a local force to rise up and really defeat ISIL in a substantial way.
So in order to degrade ISIL, which is the primary objective of — the immediate objective of the strategy, you have to develop the capacity of local actors combined with kind of national-level resources. And that's what we're trying to do. And what the President announced today is directly in line with that. So there's an awful lot going on with the tribes and I think you'll see more over the coming weeks.
Q Thank you. I'm wondering if you are ready to put a limit on the number of troops that you will eventually send to Iraq? Is this the last sort of grouping that you think you'll send over? Or is there sort of a limit on — a ceiling on the number that you think you'll need eventually?
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: Sure. The limit that we've placed, again, as I said, is more on the mission — is the limiting principle that this is not a combat mission.
In terms of numbers, I don't think we want to specify that we're going to be steady at a very specific number. That's both because there could be troops rotating home, as well. Or we'll assess whether there needs to be additional advisers based on judgments on the ground going forward.
I would say that there was a very deliberate effort here to look at the comprehensive needs across the country, and then to put forward a significant number that match those needs. So as was said earlier, this is both supporting the train, advise and assist mission, but also this building partner capacity function that we're moving out on in Iraq.
So we I think we deliberately wanted to be transparent about the fact that this would be a significant number of personnel to carry out these functions, so that is to say I'm not anticipating there being additional requirements on the horizon in terms of personnel. But I also don't want to suggest that we're going to set a specific ceiling with respect to U.S. personnel. What we are doing is reiterating that the limiting principle applies to the mission and the fact that troops are not going to be carrying out a combat mission. They're going to be in the support role.
I don't know if you have anything to add to that or not.
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: No, I don't. I think that's exactly right.
Q Thank you for doing this. So what I'd like to know is what units will be deployed and for how long? And then also, what's the difference between the train-and-advise mission and the building partner capacity mission? Can you go into a little bit more detail about what that is?
SENIOR ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL: Yes, I can take that. The sourcing solutions have not been determined yet, so we can't tell you right now exactly what units are going to be contributing to these numbers and these missions. That will go to the services to work out. And obviously, just like we do in every other case, when we have sourcing solutions that we're ready to announce, we'll certainly announce them. And deployment lengths are also to be determined, just like we've been judicious about the deployment length so far and watching that closely. But I don't have anything firm for you on that — in that regard.
The difference between the two missions and the way I would kind of describe it is, one is very much dedicated to advise-and-assist-type roles. This is to help key Iraqi divisions collate and process intelligence; help them develop their operational enablers — or at least help provide some operational enablers to them; and assist them at the brigade or division level, headquarters level — very much like what we're doing now with the 12 teams, but just what's different with these advisers are that they're going to be in a more expeditionary capacity. In other words, they're going to be in different geography than where the other teams are now. But it's essentially the same role.
And of course, there's a training component to that. When you have advisers with headquarters level, they are doing training, as well, in terms of good staffing, good organizational and the application of resources.
The building partnership capacity concept, that really is what we would consider hands-on training. So this is where we're going to be able to take up to 12 brigades, again, a mix of Pesh and Iraqi security force brigades at several sites and actually help train them in basic military skills, organizational command and control and leadership functions. So it's more of a hands-on training mission. Does that answer your question?
MS. MEEHAN: Thanks, everyone, for joining us today. Just as a reminder, this call is on background. You're welcome to use quotes, but they must be attributed to a senior administration official. Thanks very much.
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Baby Showers 101: Do You Know The Basics?
Are you hosting a baby shower? It can be a big event for one of life's biggest milestones. Here's how to "shower" the mom-to-be with love … all while staying organized.
Before you buy streamers or invitations, decide how much you're willing to spend for the entire event. If you're the only hostess, you can determine your budget fairly easily. If you're working with others, decide together how much each person will contribute.
Once you have a budget, you can decide on the venue, date, and theme. Location often depends on the budget and time of year. A backyard might be a casual and convenient choice for spring or summer. Then again, hotels and restaurants offer all-weather plans and hold more guests. As for dates, most showers are held around the seventh or eighth month of pregnancy, but coordinate this with the expecting mama (surprises are fun but often tricky for baby showers). Many showers these days have creative themes, but it's not a requirement for fun!
Ask the mom-to-be for a guest list. You don't want to accidentally exclude anyone near and dear to her. Send out invitations about six weeks in advance to allow guests time to mark their calendars and buy a gift.
Yum! This is the tastiest part of party planning. Menu selection depends on the theme, venue, and budget. If you're throwing the party at a restaurant or hall, you may have limited food choices. If the party is in a private home, you may choose catering or DIY and play up your party theme. The menu will also depend on time of day. An afternoon shower typically features tasty appetizers, sweets, and lighter fare. Brunch is a popular option, too.
Your guest of honor will love seeing everyone – and opening presents – but you need a timeline. This will ensure the party flows smoothly. Determine the timing for games or other organized activities. Also, designate some folks to help write down gifts, tame the wrapping paper pile, and pack up the car.
Even though you're throwing the shower, don't forget to buy a present. Oh, and remember to get a card – it's the most important part!


In today's cut throat competition, both companies and candidates face many challenges in finding the right match for their requirements. We help both the candidates and companies in finding the ideal match for their skills and requirements respectively.
Technozant account managers and recruiters understand today's extremely competitive IT job market and the challenges faced when searching for top IT talent. Many critical positions are extremely difficult to fill. We take the time to know your business, to fully understand your culture and what makes an ideal fit for you and your team. With this detailed insight, we help you create an Employee Value Proposition (EVP) that can compel top IT talent to want to work for you over the competition.
Our seasoned search account managers coordinate with thousands of IT employers and professionals every week. To enable us to find the right people fast, we keep a constant watch on where the best IT professionals are, what they're paid and what would attract and retain them.
Our recruitment managers take the time to learn about a company's technical environment, its business and its company's culture. This insight enables us to make better placements whether we are helping a company to find a business analyst or an IT director.


text:
Pence Wealth Management
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Tax Guide 2019
U.S. STOCKS INCH HIGHER AFTER BOUT OF VOLATILITY
SECTION SELECTION
US FINANCIAL MARKET | US ECONOMY & POLITICS
EUROPE & WORLD | TODAY IN HISTORY
Concerns about higher interest rates have preoccupied investors in recent sessions.
The yield on the 10-year U.S. Treasury note pulled back to 1.713% from 1.732% late Tuesday.
The Federal Reserve and Bank of Japan both hold meetings next week.
Fed-fund futures suggest investors now see just a 15% chance of a rate rise in September.
The Japanese central bank will most likely to consider cutting interest rates further into negative territory.
In corporate news, shares of Bayer rose 3.3% after the German pharmaceuticals and chemicals giant said it would buy Monsanto for $57 billion.
US FINANCIAL MARKET
Bayer to Buy Monsanto in $66 Billion Deal
German company to pay $128 a share for U.S. seed maker in all-cash transaction.
The price represents a roughly 5% increase over Bayer's original offer in May of $122 a share.
Bayer said it expected the deal to generate synergies of $1.5 billion after the third full year following the closing.
It also committed to a $2 billion breakup fee.
Apple Watch Series 2 Review: Still Not a 'Need,' Finally a 'Want'
Most of the reviews have a common theme: that the Series 2 makes the Apple Watch a much more serious contender as a fitness tracker.
Both GPS and waterproofing bring it much closer to dedicated fitness devices, though the one-day battery-life is still cited as a drawback.
Boeing wins $700 million U.S. defense contract: Pentagon
Boeing been awarded a $700 million U.S. defense contract for Small Diameter Bomb Increment 1 weapons, the Pentagon said.
Twitter Arrives on Apple TV, Fire TV, Xbox One
Company shifts into video with new app as it seeks to revive user growth.
The app—which will contain only video, photos and tweets curated by the company—arrives on time for Twitter's pivotal live-streaming debut of Thursday night football.
The streams will appear on one side of the screen with a curated feed of tweets next to them.
UPS plans peak season hiring of 95,000 for third year straight
The hiring numbers remain unchanged from the past two years as improvements to its network should help it handle rising ecommerce volumes.
Liberty Global to offer Netflix to all customers
The deal follows the launch of Netflix by Liberty Global's UK subsidiary Virgin Media in 2013.
Liberty Global has 29 million customers in 30 countries.
Chief Executive Mike Fries said that subscribers in the UK with access to Netflix "pay more, churn less and are happier."
Ford Motor says 2017 performance to drop from 2016 levels
Last week, Ford lowered its 2016 pretax profit forecast to $10.2 billion from at least $10.8 billion because of a charge in the third quarter for an expanded vehicle recall.
Ford said its automotive operating margin will be lower for full-year 2016 than the 6.8 percent achieved in 2015.
It also said adjusted earnings per share will be lower than the $1.93 earned in 2015.
Citigroup Predicts Higher Trading in Third Quarter
CFO said trading revenue will be up by mid-single digits compared with a year ago, driven by strength in rates and currencies.
US ECONOMY & POLITICS
US Import Prices Post First Drop in Six Months
U.S. import prices fell for the first time in six months in August on declining petroleum and food costs.
Import prices slipped 0.2 percent and dropped 2.2 percent from a year ago. Import prices slipped 0.2 percent and dropped 2.2 percent from a year ago.
Export prices sank 0.8 percent after increasing 0.2 percent last time.
On the year, export prices declined 2.4 percent.
Agricultural export prices decreased 3.4 percent in August, the largest monthly drop since the index fell 4.2 percent in August 2013.
MBA Mortgage Applications Rose 4.2%
Mortgage applications activity was hopping in the September 9 week, with the seasonally adjusted composite index rising 4.2 percent from a week ago.
Purchase applications that led the way, jumping 9 percent higher on the week.
Refinancing applications increased too, though by a more modest 2 percent.
The average interest rate for 30-year fixed-rate mortgages on conforming loans ($417,000 or less) falling by one basis point from the prior week to 3.67 percent.
Soaring Student Debt Prompts Calls for Relief
A tripling of student debt over the past decade to more than $1.3 trillion has unleashed a torrent of Washington lobbying from outside the education sector, with various industries describing a "crisis" requiring federal intervention.
Real-estate agents, farmers, architects, startup lenders, lawyers, tech companies, benefits administrators—even podiatrists—have sent lobbyists to Capitol Hill over the past two years to push for legislation to forgive or at least reduce what workers and consumers owe on their student loans
U.S. Budget Deficit Expands in August
Monthly shortfall of $107 billion; deficit grows 25% from a year earlier.
Revenue grew 1% during that period.
Revenue from income taxes has climbed 4% this fiscal year, as more Americans have found jobs and their incomes increase.
But corporate-tax revenue has fallen 11% as corporate profits get squeezed due to a strong dollar, weak global economic growth and slow productivity gains.
EUROPE & WORLD
BOJ to make negative rates centerpiece of future easing
The Nikkei reported earlier on Wednesday that the BOJ will put more emphasis on negative rates as a tool for future easing.
The BOJ is unlikely to abandon its current base money target, which is the amount of money it commits to print each year, or adopt an explicit cap on long-term rates.
ECB needs to be more flexible as it chases inflation
Governing Council member Klaas Knot said that the ECB is trying to overcome the biggest economic shock in 80 years, and even more stimulus could diminish returns and amplify negative side effects.
Singapore Airlines Won't Extend Lease on First Airbus A380 Jet
The lease on the A380 expires in October next year and "we have decided not to extend it," Singapore Airlines said.
Airbus in July announced it would slash production of the A380 to 12 planes a year in 2018 from 27 last year.
Singapore's flag carrier declines to keep flying the earliest member of its fleet of 19.
The backlog of A380s to be delivered has eroded during years of no or few orders.
Francis Scott Key composed the lyrics to The Star Spangled Banner (1814)
President McKinley died of gunshot wounds inflicted by an assassin. Vice President Theodore Roosevelt succeeded him (1901)
Congress passed the Selective Service Act, providing for the first peacetime draft in U.S. history (1940)
The Soviet space probe Luna 2 became the first man-made object to reach the Moon when it crashed onto the lunar surface (1959)
This information has been prepared from sources believed to be reliable, but no representation is being made as to its accuracy or completeness. The information provided should be used only as general information and is not intended to provide specific advice or recommendations for any individual. The economic forecasts set forth in the material may not develop as predicted. All indices, such as the S&P 500, are unmanaged and may not be invested into directly. Sources: Reuters, Bloomberg, Wall Street Journal.
Content posted by third parties on this site is screened in order to protect clients' privacy and comply with regulatory requirements. Content containing sensitive personal information, inappropriate language, information about specific investments, misleading information, information about other companies or websites, or information related to litigation will be removed. Content posted by third parties on this site remains the responsibility of the party posting the content and is not adopted or endorsed by Pence Wealth Management or LPL Financial. Any opinions or statements posted by third parties are their own and may not be representative of the experience of others and are not indicative of future performance or success. Third party content on this site does not reflect the views of LPL Financial and have not been reviewed by LPL Financial as to accuracy or completeness.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Working with plant stem cells is a fascinating field that provides an incredible treasure trove of anti-aging techniques. Cell premium, the world's first Swiss luxury product line based on plant stem cells, has been on the market since 2007. During the second stage of development, we were able to further improve the remarkable results of cell premium.PhytoCellTec forte Dr. Gerny meets the highest standards. Highly concentrated and remarkably effective.
Thanks to a special molecular filtration process developed in Switzerland, these products contain five times more plant stem cells than conventional stem cells products. State-of-the-art liposome technology enables the delayed release of active substances – over a longer period of time. This combination is unique throughout the world. Only cell premium uses PhytoCellTec forte Dr. Gerny together with active plant stem cells that reach, activate and protect the epidermal stem cells on the skin's surface as well as those in deeper dermal layers.


can you tell us anything on the new game mode??!!??
What is the ranking system like for season 3? is there royalty or what is gonna be the highest rank? and how will we jusged on these ranks?
Dgkkush1993 No stats for season 2 its been addressed by jgolenbo on page 4 hopefully season 3 will have a better system to record these stats.
The first time I met with something such that the season is 2 means it ends on 05/02/2019 and the next one starts only on 21/02/2019 I do not understand why you give information in the game that the season 2 ends, if it continues, I will give a comparison that in fortnite when given the season ends the next begins at the appointed time and here is a misunderstanding give information in the game that the season ends, what does "end" mean to you?
Thanks for that news announcement 100% excited about new modes. And those skins are awesome can't wait to fold these guys and gals on season 3. Daybreak You out did yourselves this time hats off to you.
Its cool to see that you can now earn crowns by levelling up your battlepass. Other games have been doing this for a while so its nice to see H1Z1 join the party.
Just watched a 15 minute video of new Season 3 Deathmatch mode - looks BRILLIANT !
can you tell us more about these daily attendance rewards like what will they be? are they crowns or xp or outfit parts?
It's all good my dudes!
Do you have an expected time frame of when co-op deathmatch mode will be available? I was really looking forward to playing deathmatch duos and fives.
Nothing to share on any teams FFA Deathmatch modes yet, but totally agree they'd be a cool edition and it's something the Dev team is already looking at. It might be something we try and experiment with as a midseason event, but when I have more details I'll share them here.


00029 * Reference provides an additional level of indirection to object instances.
00032 * things as WeakReference.
00043         * Set the referenced Object.
00050         * Return a Holder to the referenced Object.
00057         * Return a Holder to the referenced Object.


text:
La Société internationale pour l'étude des femmes de l'Ancien Régime (SIEFAR) est une association loi de 1901 créée en 2000 à Paris. Elle a pour but de faire découvrir les conditions d'existence, la pensée, l'action et les œuvres des femmes sous l'Ancien Régime, principalement en France, du Moyen Âge à la Révolution française.

Description
La  Société internationale pour l'étude des femmes de l'Ancien Régime (SIEFAR) est une société savante interdisciplinaire, dont le siège est à Paris. Son but est de promouvoir les recherches sur les femmes de l'Ancien Régime en France.

Elle est affiliée au Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques.

Adhérant aux principes de parité linguistique, elle cherche à faire surgir de l'oubli des mots féminins disparus de la langue française en promouvant les formes féminines existantes ou recommandées par divers organismes et textes législatifs.

Origine
La SIEFAR est créée en 2000 à Paris par un groupe d'universitaires françaises et internationales. Elle est développée et dirigée par Éliane Viennot, sa première présidente, épaulée par un comité d'universitaires. Le profil de Viennot, autrice de nombreux travaux sur l'histoire des femmes et du langage, spécialiste de Marguerite de Valois et de l'histoire des femmes de la Renaissance, a modelé les orientations de la SIEFAR et du contenu de son site.

Selon les professeurs de littérature canadiens Jean-Philippe Beaulieu et Diane Desrosiers-Bonin, .

Ressources et travaux
Par l'intermédiaire d'un site Internet, bilingue anglais et français, la SIEFAR offre entre autres :
 un répertoire des spécialistes dans ce domaine, principalement des chercheuses
 un dictionnaire des femmes de l'Ancien Régime
 l'organisation de journées d'études, colloques et séminaires
 des publications.

Son dictionnaire des femmes de l'Ancien Régime contient une liste de  reines, religieuses, autrices, intellectuelles, artistes, scientifiques et salonnières, dont 664 disposent d'une biographie complète. Ce travail de conservation de la mémoire des femmes savantes s'inscrit dans la continuité de pratiques du  ou du .

Parmi les autres ressources proposées en histoire, littérature, musique, théâtre et philosophie figurent notamment un index de 500 revues consacrées aux femmes et questions de genre au Moyen Âge, une partie trilingue (français/anglais/allemand) consacrée aux différents aspects de la vie de Cour à la même époque, le projet Web17 lancé par Roger Duchêne sur les autrices françaises du  et une bibliographie des écrivaines espagnoles (BIESES).

Sont présentes aussi des rubriques regroupant des publications sur des sujets plus actuels, tels que « la guerre des mots »  (à propos de la féminisation des noms de métiers), Revisiter la Querelle des femmes, un ensemble de contributions issues de trois séminaires et complété par des publications extérieures sur le même sujet, ou encore sur des polémiques françaises jugées misogynes telles que celle initiée par l'ancien Président Sarkozy regrettant l'inscription dans les programmes scolaires de l'étude de La Princesse de Clèves, ou celle  ayant entourée Louise Labbé décrite comme une « créature de papier ».

La professeur de littérature à l'université de Victoria Claire Carlin souligne que le projet de la SIEFAR est .

Colloques et séminaires
L'ensemble des séminaires organisés par la SIEFAR à partir de 2007 s'inscrit dans le cadre d'un programme scientifique pluridisciplinaire et pluriannuel soutenu par plusieurs institutions, afin de revoir l'historiographie de la Querelle des femmes. Cette controverse transnationale autour de la question de l'égalité femmes/hommes et de leurs différences ou de leurs ressemblances a donné lieu à des milliers d'écrits et laissé des traces dans de multiples ouvrages et documents, phénomène qui n'a pourtant été que peu étudié.

Ces colloques sur « Revisiter la Querelle des femmes » sont organisés conjointement par la SIEFAR et l'université Columbia à Paris en 2009, 2010 et 2011.

Publications
 Dictionnaire des femmes de l'Ancien Régime.
 .

Présidence
 2000-2008 : Éliane Viennot
 depuis 2008 : Nathalie Grande

Références

Liens externes

 Dictionnaire des femmes de l'ancienne France

Histoire des femmes
Ancien Régime
Histoire de la littérature

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Breakfast -- long considered the most important meal of the day -- is finally getting its due.
Eggs, bacon and other traditional morning fare are dominating new restaurant menus around metro Birmingham, a trend that's also being seen nationally as more consumers feed their breakfast cravings.
Last year, Colorado-based chain The Egg and I moved into the Southeast with a new location in Hoover. Shortly after that, Another Broken Egg Cafe, part of a Destin, Fla.-based family of restaurants, opened its doors in Mountain Brook.
And later this year, yet another breakfast-centered concept, Over Easy, will open in a new shopping center on Hollywood Boulevard in Birmingham.
All three eateries are open -- or in the case of Over Easy, plan to be open -- for breakfast and lunch only. While soups, salads and sandwiches are on the menus, breakfast is the star attraction, and it's available throughout the day.
"The breakfast concept was something that I've always, always thought about doing," said Miller Phillips, owner of Mountain Brook's Another Broken Egg Cafe. "When I was growing up, my grandmother and mother were always pushing breakfast as the most important meal of the day."
Although Waffle House and IHOP have long provided all-day breakfast menus, Phillips said there were limited options around Birmingham a more upscale breakfast dining experience.
That's what Another Broken Egg Cafe offers, he said, but diners can eat and drink for about $12.
Phillips, a University of Alabama graduate who hails from Destin, has long been familiar with the chain, and his friends enjoyed it with him on trips to the beach.
So far, his restaurant, which opened in October in Mountain Brook Village, draws roughly 600 people on Saturdays and Sundays each and about 200 a day during the week, he said.
"Everybody loves breakfast," he said.
And that love is growing, according to a 2009 study by food service industry consultant Technomic.
The firm's 2007 Breakfast Consumer Trend Report identified breakfast as an underserved area for the industry, but by last year, it was a "hotbed of activity" for restaurants, retailers and manufacturers trying to gain a better foothold in the market.
The latest study shows that one out of four consumers often treat themselves to a large, traditional breakfast on the weekends, and nearly half of them would like to see breakfast offered throughout the day in full-service restaurants.
While nearly 60 percent say they skip breakfast at least once during the week, often because of time constraints, 40 percent say they never miss the meal on weekends.
"Breakfast food is one of those things that makes you feel good," said Steven Jackson, owner of Over Easy. "It's not too hard to make, so everybody likes it."
And it's also perfect for experimentation, he said.
The menu at Over Easy will include creative breakfast options, such as a Reuben sandwich made with Gouda cheese and fried eggs and huevos rancheros with a Southwest flair.
"It's kind of an unexplored area of a restaurant, where there's tons of potential and tons of interesting things to do," he said.
As for the restaurant itself, Jackson said it will have a diner-like atmosphere when it opens, which is slated for late summer.
At The Egg and I, which opened in August in Hoover's Chace Lake retail development, there's an upscale menu. Diners have been saying that the area has long needed a new breakfast restaurant, said owner Bobby McGurk.
"I think it had been an underserved market," he said.
McGurk noted that fast food restaurants also are focused on the growing popularity of breakfast food, with a wider variety of options. Technomic's research also cited that trend.
"They have started to put a little more emphasis on the value of breakfast, and that's created an awareness for all breakfast/lunch concepts," he said.
McGurk, who owns the Hoover restaurant with his father, Bob, said the concept is attractive to restaurateurs. The business is tough on family life when it includes an evening shift.
"You're open for just breakfast and lunch, and that's a quality of life that's better for families," he said.
Join in the conversation by commenting below or e-mail Kent at dkent@bhamnews.com.


We are trial lawyers that get results where it matters the most: the courtroom. For more than 40 years, we have represented individuals and families that have been greatly affected by serious car, boating, and tractor-trailer accidents, medical malpractice, product and premises liability, and on-the-job accidents, including those at construction sites, refineries, factories, or on the railroad.
Alton C. Todd was admitted to the State Bar of Texas in 1971 after earning his law degree at Southern Methodist University. He is among the fewer than two percent of Texas attorneys Board Certified in both Personal Injury and Civil Trial Law. He is a member and Diplomate of the American Board of Trial Advocates and admitted to practice before the U.S. Supreme Court, the Fifth Circuit of the U.S. Court of Appeals, the U.S. District Court for the Northern and Southern Districts of Texas and Georgia.
Jeffrey N. Todd earned his law degree from Seton Hall University School of Law in 1999, is admitted to practice law in Texas, New York, New Jersey and Georgia, and has also obtained several verdicts on behalf of injured individuals.


Your opinion matters. Leave your review of Salvation Army - Zelma George Family Shelter.
Description: Provides an emergency shelter program primarily for homeless women with children but accepts intact families, married couples, and men with children. Offers residents case management, counseling, clothing, and food, referrals to transitional housing and other programs. Residents must save 60% of their income to use to pay rent when they move out. Children in the shelter can receive tutoring may attend summer school free of charge. Project ACT, a program operated by the Cleveland Municipal School District also provides services for children at the shelter.
Qualifications: Adults 18 and older who are females (may be pregnant) with children, married couples with or without children, men with children, and single women. Children must be in under the custody of the person staying in the shelter. Priority is given to families with children under the age of 12. Must have and pass a drug and a TB screening test. If using medication, must have or have access to a 30 day supply and must be able to self-administer. Clients with mental illness must be stable and have been seen by a physician within the last six month, and if applicable, taking their medications. No use of alcohol or drugs is permitted.
Hours: 4 hrs a day, 7 days a week. Generally, clients should be out of the shelter between 9:30am-12:30pm. Clients must be in the shelter by 6:00pm curfew. Exceptions are made for clients who work or go to school and are able to work 3rd shift. Length of stay is dependent upon circumstances, but it is generally 90-120 days with a one year length of time between admissions.
Do you have items to donate? Contact Salvation Army - Zelma George Family Shelter at the phone number provided above to see if they can use any items you may have to donate.


Beautiful Handmade Radoslaw Chinese Wall Scrolls.
Buy a Chinese and/or Japanese Radoslaw wall scroll with here!
拉多斯瓦夫 is a common Mandarin Chinese transliteration for the male Polish name Radoslaw or Radosław.


text:
Our Vision, Purpose & Values
Our Executive Management Team
Characteristics of autism
What causes autism?
Therapy & Care
Why is early intervention so important?
The Early Years with AEIOU
Our NDIS Team
Katrina Ives - 0418 790 277
Sean Redmond - 0468 841 129
What do I need to know about the NDIS?
Canberra Region - coming soon
Get involved in events
Philanthropic Relationships
Other ways you can support us
For AEIOU Families
Community and Professionals
Why choose AEIOU?
Lynn Wright Memorial Fund
AEIOU Parent Handbook
Our People ›
Shane Klintworth
Reporting to the Board, Shane is the General Manager of Operations & Corporate Services, overseeing AEIOU Foundation's Finance, Operations, Corporate Affairs and People & Culture departments. He is responsible for the delivery of strategic goals and responding to the operational needs of the organisation.
Shane is community-minded and his track record in both leadership and operational roles in the disability and Profit-for-Purpose sectors in QLD reflect his passion and commitment to helping others. Most recently, Shane has been the Director of Service Delivery at the Momentum Collective (formerly Third Sector Australia), responsible for the northern NSW and southern QLD region. Prior to the role, he was the Executive Director for St Vincent de Paul on the Gold Coast and CEO of Relationships Australia (QLD).
When he's not at work, Shane spends his time at home with his wife and three teenage children. Together, the family enjoy triathlons, AFL and soccer.
Shane looks forward to supporting AEIOU Foundation's growth and development and is committed to ensuring every child enrolled at AEIOU, both now and in the future, receives excellence in therapy and care.
"Little things mean a lot." - A dad's love letter to his daughter
03rd Dec. 2020
Emileigh is a loving and affectionate little girl. She'll be 6 next February...
Supporting our communities: Occupational Therapy Week 2020
The theme for OT Week 2020 is 'Resilience: Supporting our communities to...
Web Design by Pivotal Agency
AEIOU was established in 2005 to provide best practice early intervention for children aged between 2 and 6 with an autism diagnosis. © 2021 AEIOU Foundation. Registered Charity CH1818.
AEIOU Foundation acknowledges that our work in the community takes place on the traditional lands of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and respectfully recognise their ongoing custodianship of the lands where we learn and work.
We use 'cookies' to track our website performance and to give you the best user experience on our website. Cookies also ensure advertising is relevant to you. Click to continue, or for more information, look at our privacy policy.


text:
Малинко́вич — фамилия. Известные носители:

 Малинкович, Антонин (1930—2016) — чехословацкий гребец.
 Малинкович, Владимир Дмитриевич (род. 1940) — украинский политолог и политтехнолог, правозащитник, участник диссидентского движения.
 Малинкович, Сергей Александрович (род. 1975) — российский политик, председатель ЦК партии «Коммунисты России».


text:
Q: Can't set cookies in Plug in test I have a plug who's responsibility is to fetch a cookie from the request which is a token and verify it.
I am currently having issue setting up my tests to pass a cookie inside the conn.
  setup do
    token = "some string"
    conn =
      conn(:get, "/")
      |> put_req_cookie("session_token", token)

    %{conn: MyPlug.call(conn, [])}
  end

  test "user passes through when token is valid", %{conn: conn} do
    require IEx; IEx.pry

    assert conn.status == 200
  end

In my debugger if I check conn.cookies
I get %Plug.Conn.Unfetched{aspect: :cookies}.
Is there something I am missing?

A: put_req_cookie only adds a cookie header to the conn struct. You need to call Plug.Conn.fetch_cookies after that to parse the cookie headers and load them into the cookies map. The following code should work:
conn =
  conn(:get, "/")
  |> put_req_cookie("session_token", token)
  |> fetch_cookies()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
By: Anna Faktorovich, Ph.D.
Battle for Athens (Click to Purchase, $15, ISBN: 978-1-937536-31-2, Hardcover ISBN: 978-1-68114-162-6, LCCN: 2012912824, 6X9″, 56pp): In 1946, 3,000 World War II veterans returned to McMinn County, and discovered a corrupt and oppressive government that engaged in false arrests, bribery, extortion, and other crimes. They put together an all-G.I. ticket in the town elections. On election-day, Senator Cantrell and Sheriff Mansfield, the corrupted party, engaged in election fraud, even shooting Tom, a black farmer, for voting against them. The veterans acquired guns and mounted a violent defensive revolt.
*Pushcart Prize Nominee for 2012
Dr. Anna Faktorovich published a poetry collection Improvisational Arguments (Fomite Press, 2011), Book Production Guide (Anaphora, 2012), and her scholarly book, Rebellion Genre in the Novels of Scott, Dickens and Stevenson, is forthcoming with McFarland in 2013. She has been teaching college English for three years. She has a Ph.D. in English Literature and Criticism and an M.A. in Comparative Literature. She won the MLA Bibliography and the Brown University Military Collection fellowships. She is the Founder, Director, Designer and Editor-in-Chief of the Anaphora Literary Press, which has published over 40 book titles, and participates in CELJ and IBPA.
"What we left behind is not always what we return to. 'Battle for Athens' is a collection of poetry from Anna Faktorovich, who uses her poetry to tell the story of World War II veterans returning to Athens, Tennessee, to a city run by a corrupted government. Telling of the veterans rising up politically, then arming themselves violently, 'Battle for Athens' is a riveting twist of poetry with an enticing premise, much recommended…"
–James A. Cox, Editor-in-Chief, Small Press Bookwatch: December 2012, Midwest Book Review, The Poetry Shelf
"You will probably read Battle for Athens in one sitting, unable to stop reading as this shocking historical tale unfolds in its pages, reminding the reader that democracy is fragile. You will feel transported into the middle of the fray, bullets around you, desperate G.I.'s having to fight again on their home soil for the rights they had already won abroad. The book will haunt you with its suggestions that we, too, have to watch out for those corrupt officials who would steal our democracy. The reader is dropped right into the middle of the action and the anguish, as well as sharing the satisfaction of the G.I.'s victory over evil."
—Dr. Glen A. Mazis, professor at Penn State Harrisburg, author of The River Bends in Time
"The Battle for Athens by Anna Faktorovich is a fascinating read about U.S. government corruption and the 1946 battle against it in Athens TN. Not only is the story fascinating, but Faktorovich's format emphasizes the beauty and terror inherent in the uncovered illegalities and ensuing battle against them. She writes this history entirely in poetry with each poem standing alone and also each poem returning to and becoming an integral part of the complete story… You don't have to be a history buff to enjoy it. The Battle for Athens is well worth your reading for enjoyment as well as for information about this little known period."
—Dr. Audrey Lavin, author of Aspects of the Novelist: E. M. Forster and a series of Eloquent murder mysteries, audreylavin.com
"Wielding language that is simple and sharp, poem by poem, Faktorovich presents her reader with a vile and noble slice of American history. Battle for Athens explores the worst and best of our country, the worst and best of humanity. These words must be read and read again. The education they offer is invaluable."
—S. Thomas Summers, author of Private Hercules McGraw: Poems of the American Civil War
2 Responses to "Anna Faktorovich"
Anaphora Literary Press February 7, 2013 at 6:20 am #
"In the long tradition of narrative poetry, this work will stand out as a worthy addition. The story is clear: In Athens, Tennessee, in 1946, having fought long and hard in World War II, American GIs found themselves once again in battle, this time at home, fighting against political corruption and election fraud. The triumphant part of this story is that in Athens, the veterans succeeded in establishing a fair election. In other cities across the nation, this was not the case.
"Writing historical narrative poetry requires a challenging combination of dispassion in the story telling and passion in the stance that the story takes. Faktorovich achieves both. Each poem can be read as a unique element; together, they create the full story and indict the power that corrupts. Further, Faktorovich implies a strong analogy to the processes in which we engage today, questioning our country's motives and encouraging the reader to think.
"Poetically, this work is dense, telling in carefully crafted and pithy sentences the story and its implications. Historical black and white photographs enhance the poetry with images of the time, but the most memorable are those with close-ups of people where the reader can see the intensity in their faces. The combination of poetry and image presents a stark and unvarnished view of this story and forces the reader to think long and hard about where we have been and where we are going."
Aline Soules' work has appeared in numerous journals and anthologies. Poems from Evening Sun have appeared in Kaleidowhirl, Reed, and Houston Literary Review. Prose poems from Meditation on Woman have appeared in Poetry Midwest, Newport Review, and Kenyon Review.
Anaphora Literary Press December 4, 2012 at 2:07 am #
Boston Literary Magazine
Writer in the Spotlight: Anna Faktorovich
Welcome, Anna!
Thank you for inviting me to interview with you in the Spotlight.
Congratulations on the release of your new poetry collection, Battle for Athens, let's start there… does everyone ask you what made you come up with the idea for poems about subject?
I perform meticulous research not only for my academic books, but also for creative projects. In this case, I was doing a final edit on my Rebellion as Genre in the Novels of Scott, Dickens and Stevenson book that's forthcoming this Spring 2013 with McFarland, when I had a sudden urge to attempt writing in the rebellion genre to put my theories to a practical test. I knew I had a quick prose-poetry writing speed from the Improvisational Arguments collection that I published in 2011 with Fomite, so I decided to experiment with a short poetry book, rather than trying a novel, which would have been a full-time job for many months. Thus, I knew I wanted to write a poetry book, and one that centers on the plot of a specific historical rebellion. To follow Scott's structural rules, I chose a rebellion that occurred around 60 years ago, and in my home country, United States. When I looked over the history of rebellions from 1940-1955, there was really only one significant rebellion that happened in the US and this was the Battle of Athens (TN) shortly after the end of WWII. Since I was thinking about the upcoming presidential election, and was personally concerned with the growth of corruption in US politics, and judiciary, this was the perfect historical event for the book. I found several online sources that recounted the events – since the plot was all there, I finished the book very quickly and had a lot of great materials to dramatize and turn into interesting poems.
I was especially concerned about corruption in the US because I've filed numerous complaints with various police departments across the US and have faced unbelievable corruption in the officers' unwillingness to fight crime in their neighborhoods. I've also seen corruption from regional judges, police chiefs, and local and even state and national officials. It's possible that I've never met a US politician, police officer etc. that was not corrupt. I speak from various perspectives, as I've also done half-a-dozen internships with national and local politicians.
We always think of how the Civil War divided the country, but "Two Faced Dealings" describes how a single county was divided: twelve units to the Union and eight to the Confederate army… such a haunting thing to think about, and the last line really nailed the horror.
"Two-Faced Dealings"
A few decades later, the Civil War
Descended on McMinn County
And split it in two ideological halves.
It sent twelve units to the Union
And eight to the Confederate army.
When they talk about brother
Fighting brother in that war,
They probably have McMinn in mind.
There must've been several brothers
Firing handguns and rifles,
And throwing grenades at each other.
Imagine if you'd killed your brother
With a grenade and then had to come home
To tell your ol' ma and pa about it…
This poem sets up the atmosphere and history of McMinn County where the Battle took place. The polarization that was there before the Civil War remained until after WWII and in-part caused the events. If there weren't too campus – rich and poor, black and white, veterans and non-veterans – there would not have been enough ammunition to kindle a fire that exploded in the Battle of Athens. This historical reality would have been a bit too cliché for my taste without a specific example in the ending. Yes, the example is grotesque and horrifying, and it wouldn't be appropriate for the occasion if it wasn't.
Tell us about Vestal, who stars in so many of these poems.
Vestal is the real name of one of the main veterans that fought in the Battle of Athens. His name is frequently mentioned in historical records, and most of the information I provide about him is factual. In "Thirty Months in WWII" we learn that Vestal went to WWII:
Because he was eighteen and drafted
For a term up to six months after the date when
The long war ended or he turned thirty-eight.
He joined in the hot August of forty-three,
Two years after Pearl Harbor.
After a brief stint in a training camp,
He joined the invasion of French North Africa,
Winning it for the Allied Forces.
The rest of his time in the marines was split
In battles between Japan and the Philippines.
It was five months after Hitler's suicide
That he witnessed the signing of Japan's surrender
On his USS Missouri battleship in September of forty-five.
Then, he joined the liberating troops and worked to
Reconstruct fallen European cities for six months,
Helping to identify and bury the dead,
Clearly their bones from under the crumbled stones.
Despite his mostly engineering duties, he was shot twice.
This was the man who returned to Athens in March of forty-six.
Later in the story, Vestal became offended when his mother was kicked out and barred from observing the voting when she objected to a black man being shot for voting. Vestal and a couple of his veteran friends complained and attempted to observe the vote themselves, but were also escorted out, and as they were leaving with the deputies' guns pointing at their backs, the crowd outside became enraged and the events that led to the later violence started to unravel.
What I felt was so powerful about this concept was that "The Veterans Return" is about soldiers coming home from WWII and finding no jobs could have been written about America's current situation.
Three thousand veterans returned to the county
In nineteen forty-six, when their contracts ran out.
In the first three months after their return,
They grouped together and celebrated their victory.
When their glasses ran empty, they looked around for work.
Local mills were full, and with few other jobs in the county,
Getting by on their pensions was about as tough as welfare.
So, having no employment, they socialized some more,
Remembering old friends who didn't return,
Talking about what they fought for,
And drinking to make up for the sobering years at war.
Yes, without a description of the type of uniforms and clothing the veterans are wearing or the type of weapons they were using, the situation is nearly identical to the current crisis of veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan to a continuing recession and a growing debt-crisis. Many of them are struggling to find civilian work just like the veterans did after WWII. While US as a whole eventually recovered and became a world super-power, those individual veterans didn't feel this change, and instead faced numerous problems with adjusting. They might have obtained a high military rank at war, but suddenly they were being told that military skills were not of practical use in peace-time employment. When this was coupled with incompetence and corruption among the local law enforcement officers and politicians, the veterans' anger spilled out. But, there haven't been any similar unified outbursts of violence among the veterans today.
There are some comical moments too, as in "The Night Before the Ballot," but overall, it's pretty grim… was this a fun project?
Weeks earlier, Cantrell met with Mansfield.
"I handed over the Sheriff 's seat to you for two terms,
"What are you going to do now to help me win?"
"All fifty of my deputies are fully committed."
"Fifty? That's not enough. We'll need two hundred."
"They would still be outnumbered against the vets."
"This is not a war; it's politics. We just need to intimidate."
After that talk, Mansfield rallied his deputies,
"Go out there, arrest and give fines to anything that moves.
"If somebody looks like they can't afford it,
"Offer to deputize them instead."
The fifty deputies spread across the county
And set traps along the roads, or went into pubs
And made arrests, deputizing over a hundred.
One of these was Fred West, who was handed a gun
Instead of a speeding ticket, to his surprise and delight.
The above details are historically accurate. I just made up the details of what exactly the various characters said, and specifically what they did. These details like the rest of the poems in this book are a dark satire that occasionally gives up on humor and just recounts the horror of the events. I could have exaggerated the events, stretching the truth, to make the book more comical, but I preferred to depict the events honestly because I believe that this type of election fraud and intimidation must be stopped. Yes, I'll admit that I laughed a lot while I was writing this book, and I did not put in many of the things I was thinking as I was laughing, as I was recalling incidents that I witnessed myself, and they didn't fit with the story. It's likely that some readers will see the humor in these poems, while others will be frightened into realizing some of the types of corruption they probably see on a daily basis but haven't understood what they were seeing before. My goal was to satisfy both of these groups of readers, while also thinking through the serious political details of the events and laughing at their ridiculous nature myself.
How do you feel about the election that just took place, and is there some relevance to the Battle of Athens that took place in 1946?
I'm writing these replies from Shantou University in China, where I'm working as an Associate Professor. I'll be teaching at Pima College in AZ in the Spring, when I will shortly return to the US. I didn't vote in this election, and if I was in the US, I still wouldn't have voted. The election results for the last 4 or so elections have been identical – always at around 52-48% splits. It is statistically impossible that the American people are split down the middle on all issues. Most people in the US are poor, especially with the ongoing recession, in theory they want more social benefits that democrats offer (even if they fail to meet these offers once they are in office). If the numbers showed this obviously in the middle of the elective cycle, republicans wouldn't spend hundreds of millions on advertising. I worked for major US banks before, and the pattern I'm seeing in US elections, over the last couple of decades, looks like cooked books to me. We'll stay in a recession, and will continue to see unprecedented crime, and multiplying bankruptcies in the US until somebody fires the book cookers. Things might be bad here in China, and things might have been bad in the USSR where I grew up, but I might have to migrate elsewhere if things in the US keep getting steadily worst for two more decades.
The Battle of Athens happened at the point when the US suddenly emerged as an economic and political world leader. The veterans didn't know this at the time, as they just knew they couldn't find work. The vets also knew from personal experience that their local deputies and officials were corrupt, and took actions to resolve this local problem. What we are all watching today is the beginning of the end of the US as a world leader unless electoral corruption stops. Because corruption has steadily spread since WWII, it is not something a few veterans could solve with equivalent means today.
Okay, let's talk some more about the other Anna Faktorovich… tell us about Anaphora Literary Press.
I started Anaphora when I started my Ph.D. in English studies back in 2009, and it has been steadily growing out of a scholarly journal, Pennsylvania Literary Journal (tri-annual, available on EBSCO, ProQuest, and in print), to over 50 books in print, including textbooks, poetry books, fiction, and reference books. Many of the writers have received glowing reviews, have been featured in local newspapers, have done readings and signings, and otherwise are successfully published. I have had over a dozen interns per semester working with me over the last year. One of these interns, Catherine Griffin, has an MS in journalism from Columbia University, and is currently doing an interview with Cinda Williams Chima, a New York Times best-selling YA fantasy author of the Heir chronicles, for my PLJ journal. The editorial board of this journal includes Davis Bunn, a novelist that has sold over 7 million copies.
I hope to grow Anaphora over the upcoming decades until it also has some best-sellers under its belt. For now, I'm working on at least three different jobs simultaneously to feed this goal. I teach college English full-time, publish critical and creative books and do freelance writing and editing, and work as the Director of Anaphora. These jobs sponsor my regular conference trips to the MLA, Tucson Festival of Books, etc. and mean that I focus on finding the best works in the market rather than solely looking out for profits with Anaphora. Many potential employers ask me why I feel compelled to do all three jobs simultaneously – well, it's a tough market out there and the way to stay ahead of the competition is to have many safety nets. All of these three projects feed each other – to become a better writer I obtained a Ph.D., and to become a better professor I have to publish, and to become a better publisher I have to understand the business from a writer's point of view. I have fun when I'm busy working. Those who are interested in starting an independent press should take a look at my Book Production Guide, http://www.amazon.com/Book-Production-Guide-Anna-Faktorovich/dp/1937536254.
Here's a link to the website: http://anaphoraliterary.com
Can you tell us about your other book projects?
As I mentioned earlier, McFarland is about to release my Rebellion as Genre in the Novels of Scott, Dickens and Stevenson academic book, http://www.mcfarlandpub.com/book-2.php?id=978-0-7864-7149-2. I've done several public workshops and lectures with the two editions of my Book Production Guide, which I initially wrote to explain my editing policies to my interns. In August 2011, I published my first poetry collection, Improvisational Arguments (Fomite Press), audiences were rolling with laughter when I read from it during my book tour in LA and Atlanta last year. I've also written the introductions and conducted interviews for around 10 issues of my Pennsylvania Literary Journal.
And what's next for you? Got the next thing in mind yet?
Your Bostonian readers can meet me in person during a "Chat with an Editor" session I'm doing on Saturday, January 5, at 11am, at the MLA at the Sheraton in downtown Boston. This will be a session when I'll give advice to writers and editors about different policies, guidelines etc. that are a part of my job as the Editor-in-Chief of Anaphora. If anybody plans to attend the Tucson Book Festival in March, 2013, I will be presenting in a panel on publishing, editing and writing.
I have a few publications that I'm working on this year. I'm under contract to publish a new book on current popular fiction with them, Formulaic Writing within Genres, next year; it covers genres like fantasy, science fiction, mystery, and romance. I have had some interest from Focus Publishing in my proposal, Creative Composition, a unique textbook for introductory composition classes.
I have written many novels, screenplays and other creative projects before that haven't yet found a publisher. But, they are a bit dusty by now, so I plan on writing a new novel for a popular audience in the coming years; I might start it later this semester, if I have a moment between my other obligations. I hope to find a tenure-track academic job for next year that would allow me more time to focus on fun projects like this Battle for Athens poetry book.
Thanks so much for taking time out of what looks like a very busy schedule to talk to us!!
It has been a pleasure. I hope to speak with you again when my next creative project is released.


Selling together, not going to separate so don't ask!!!
Last edited by GMH-DVL; 05-10-08 at 13:53.
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