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Q: MySQL change type of foreign key I am using MySQL and I have a table with an index that is used as a foreign key in many other tables. I want to change the data type of the index (from signed to unsigned integer) , what is the best way to do this?
I tried altering the data type on the index field, but that fails because it is being used as a foreign key for other tables. I tried altering the data type on one of the foreign keys, but that failed because it didn't match the data type of the index.
I suppose that I could manually drop all of the foreign key constraints, change the data types and add the constraints back, but this would be a lot of work because I have a lot of tables using this index as a foreign key. Is there a way to turn off foreign key constraints temporarily while making a change? Also, is there a way to get a list of all the fields referencing the index as a foreign key?
Update:
I tried modifying the one foreign key after turning off foreign key checks, but it doesn't seem to be turning off the checks:
SET foreign_key_checks = 0;

ALTER TABLE `escolaterrafir`.`t23_aluno` MODIFY COLUMN `a21_saida_id` INTEGER DEFAULT NULL;

Here's the error:
------------------------
LATEST FOREIGN KEY ERROR
------------------------
090506 11:57:34 Error in foreign key constraint of table escolaterrafir/t23_aluno:
there is no index in the table which would contain
the columns as the first columns, or the data types in the
table do not match to the ones in the referenced table
or one of the ON ... SET NULL columns is declared NOT NULL. Constraint:
,
  CONSTRAINT FK_t23_aluno_8 FOREIGN KEY (a21_saida_id) REFERENCES t21_turma (A21_ID)

Definition of the index table:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `escolaterrafir`.`t21_turma`;
CREATE TABLE  `escolaterrafir`.`t21_turma` (
  `A21_ID` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
  ...
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=51 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

and the table that has the foreign key that points to it:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `escolaterrafir`.`t23_aluno`;
CREATE TABLE  `escolaterrafir`.`t23_aluno` (
  ...
  `a21_saida_id` int(10) unsigned default NULL,
  ...
  KEY `Index_7` (`a23_id_pedagogica`),
  ...
  CONSTRAINT `FK_t23_aluno_8` FOREIGN KEY (`a21_saida_id`) REFERENCES `t21_turma` (`A21_ID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=387 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

A: To find out about the use of foreign key constraints, issue the following query on the INFORMATION_SCHEMA database:
select distinct table_name,
       column_name,
       constraint_name,
       referenced_table_name,
       referenced_column_name
from   key_column_usage
where  constraint_schema = 'XXX'
   and referenced_table_name is not null
   and referenced_column_name is not null;

Replace XXX with your schema name. This will give you a list of tables and columns that refer to other columns as foreign keys.
Unfortunately schema changes are non-transactional, so I fear you will indeed have to temporarily disable the foreign_key_checks for this operation. I recommend - if possible - to prevent connections from any clients during this phase to minimize the risk of accidental constraint violations.
As for the keys themselves: They will need to be dropped and recreated as well when you have changed the table data types.

A: If you can stop the database then try dump tables to text file, change columns definition manually in the file and import tables back.

A: Here is my small contribution to this thread. Thanks to Daniel Schneller for inspiration and giving me a huge part of the solution!
set group_concat_max_len = 2048;
set @table_name = "YourTableName";
set @change = "bigint unsigned";
select distinct table_name,
       column_name,
       constraint_name,
       referenced_table_name,
       referenced_column_name,
       CONCAT(
           GROUP_CONCAT('ALTER TABLE ',table_name,' DROP FOREIGN KEY ',constraint_name SEPARATOR ';'),
           ';',
           GROUP_CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `',table_name,'` CHANGE `',column_name,'` `',column_name,'` ',@change SEPARATOR ';'),
           ';',
           CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `',@table_name,'` CHANGE `',referenced_column_name,'` `',referenced_column_name,'` ',@change),
           ';',
           GROUP_CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `',table_name,'` ADD CONSTRAINT `',constraint_name,'` FOREIGN KEY(',column_name,') REFERENCES ',referenced_table_name,'(',referenced_column_name,')' SEPARATOR ';')
       ) as query
from   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.key_column_usage
where  referenced_table_name is not null
   and referenced_column_name is not null
   and referenced_table_name = @table_name
group by referenced_table_name

By setting @table_name and @change you can generate a query. @table_name should be a table name of the table with the primary key (it will look for the tables that uses that column as a foreign key) and change its type to @change.
I had to change a few tables like that, so that worked like a charm. I just had to change @table_name and then perform a query.

A: To answer my own question, I could not discover a simpler way to do this. I ended up dropping all the foreign key constraints, changing the field types and then adding all the foreign key constraints back.
As R. Bemrose noted, using SET foreign_key_checks = 0; only helps when adding or changing data, but doesn't allow ALTER TABLE commands that would break foreign key constraints.

A: You can disable foreign keys temporarily by typing
SET foreign_key_checks = 0;

and to reenable them
SET foreign_key_checks = 1;

I think this requires admin privileges, because it's intended to import data into the database.
Edit: In reaction to your edit, it looks like it only disables constraints for DML statements (insert, update, delete) but not DDL statements (alter table, drop table, etc...).

A: Here is my small contribution to this thread too. Thanks to Daniel Schneller and Wiktor Jarka for inspiration and giving me a huge part of the solution!
This solution fix database and autoincrement issues.
SET group_concat_max_len = 2048;
SET @database_name = "my_database";
SET @table_name = "my_table";
SET @change = "tinyint unsigned";
SELECT DISTINCT
       `table_name`,
       `column_name`,
       `constraint_name`,
       `referenced_table_name`,
       `referenced_column_name`,
       CONCAT(
           GROUP_CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `',table_name,'` DROP FOREIGN KEY `',constraint_name, '`' SEPARATOR ';'),
           ';',
           GROUP_CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `',table_name,'` CHANGE `',column_name,'` `',column_name,'` ',@change SEPARATOR ';'),
           ';',
           CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `',@table_name,'` CHANGE `',referenced_column_name,'` `',referenced_column_name,'` ',@change, ' NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT'),
           ';',
           GROUP_CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `',table_name,'` ADD CONSTRAINT `',constraint_name,'` FOREIGN KEY(',column_name,') REFERENCES ',referenced_table_name,'(',referenced_column_name,')' SEPARATOR ';'),
           ';'
       ) AS query
FROM   `information_schema`.`key_column_usage`
WHERE  `referenced_table_name` IS NOT NULL
   AND `referenced_column_name` IS NOT NULL
   AND `constraint_schema` = @database_name
   AND `referenced_table_name` = @table_name
GROUP BY `referenced_table_name`

A: please don't use answers above

*

*group concat is a bad idea as you don't control the length of the output

*you should use MODIFY and not CHANGE as you don't rename the column

*other answers don't handle null, defaults, so it could mess your database

my solution, handles nullable, default value, auto increment, and also comments :
SET @table_schema = "database";
SET @table_name = "table";
SET @column_name = "column";
SET @new_type = "bigint unsigned";

SELECT CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `', table_schema,'`.`', table_name, '` DROP FOREIGN KEY `', constraint_name,  '`;' ) AS drop_fk
FROM information_schema.key_column_usage
WHERE referenced_table_schema =  @table_schema AND referenced_table_name = @table_name and referenced_column_name = @column_name;

SELECT CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `', kcu.table_schema,'`.`', kcu.table_name,'` MODIFY `', kcu.column_name, '` ',
@new_type,
if(c.is_nullable = 'NO', ' NOT NULL', ' NULL'),
if(c.column_default is not null, CONCAT(' DEFAULT ', QUOTE(c.column_default)), ''),
if(c.extra <> '', CONCAT(' ', c.extra), ''),
if(c.column_comment <> '', CONCAT(' COMMENT ', QUOTE(c.column_comment), ''), ''),
';') AS modify
FROM information_schema.key_column_usage AS kcu
JOIN information_schema.columns AS c ON c.table_schema=kcu.table_schema AND c.table_name=kcu.table_name AND c.column_name=kcu.column_name
WHERE kcu.referenced_table_schema = @table_schema AND kcu.referenced_table_name = @table_name AND kcu.referenced_column_name = @column_name;

SELECT CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `', table_schema,'`.`',table_name,'` ADD CONSTRAINT `',constraint_name ,'` FOREIGN KEY (`', column_name, '`) REFERENCES `',
referenced_table_schema ,'`.`', referenced_table_name , '` (`', referenced_column_name,'`);') AS create_fk
FROM information_schema.key_column_usage
WHERE referenced_table_schema = @table_schema AND referenced_table_name = @table_name AND referenced_column_name = @column_name;

A: Wiktor's solution with Christophe's additions but also handles ON UPDATE and ON DELETE for the foreign keys
and prints the result in the end
set @change = 'bigint unsigned';
set @targetColumnName = 'id_order';
set @targetTableName = 'orders';

set group_concat_max_len = 8192;
 select distinct kcu.table_schema,
        kcu.table_name,
       kcu.column_name,
       kcu.constraint_name,
       kcu.referenced_table_name,
       referenced_column_name,
       update_rule,
       delete_rule,
       CONCAT(
           GROUP_CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `',kcu.table_name,'` DROP FOREIGN KEY ',kcu.constraint_name SEPARATOR ';\n'),
           ';\n',
           GROUP_CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `',kcu.table_name,'` MODIFY `',kcu.column_name,'` ', @change,
               if(c.is_nullable = 'NO', ' NOT NULL', ' NULL'),
               if(c.column_default is not null, CONCAT(' DEFAULT ', c.column_default), ''),
               if(c.extra <> '', CONCAT(' ', c.extra), ''),
               if(c.column_comment <> '', CONCAT(' COMMENT ', QUOTE(c.column_comment), ''), '')
               SEPARATOR ';\n'),
           ';\n',
           CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `', @targetTableName, '` MODIFY `',@targetColumnName,'` ',@change, ' AUTO_INCREMENT'),
           ';\n',
           GROUP_CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `',kcu.table_name,'` ADD CONSTRAINT `',kcu.constraint_name,'` FOREIGN KEY(',kcu.column_name,') REFERENCES `', @targetTableName, '` (`',@targetColumnName,'`) ON UPDATE ', update_rule, ' ON DELETE ', delete_rule  SEPARATOR ';\n'),
            ';\n'
       ) as query
 into  @table_schema,
       @table_name,
       @column_name,
       @constraint_name,
       @referenced_table_name,
       @referenced_column_name,
       @update_rule,
       @delete_rule,
       @queryString
FROM information_schema.key_column_usage AS kcu
JOIN information_schema.columns AS c ON c.table_schema=kcu.table_schema AND c.table_name=kcu.table_name AND c.column_name=kcu.column_name
INNER JOIN information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS AS ref ON
kcu.CONSTRAINT_NAME = ref.CONSTRAINT_NAME
where referenced_column_name = @targetColumnName
   and kcu.referenced_table_name = @targetTableName;

SELECT @queryString;


text:
Clifford Lawrence
February 3, 1932 - October 16, 2021
Clifford A. Lawrence, 89, formerly of Andover, Massachusetts, passed away on October 16 in Sheridan, WY. We remember our beloved husband, father, grandfather, uncle, cousin and friend. Cliff is survived by his wife, Eljo Harper Lawrence, and his four children, Pamela, Cal, Lara and Ken. He is also survived by eight grandchildren, a great- grandchild, and many cousins, nephews and nieces. Of the fifteen original Lawrence children, only four remain, Richard, Cynthia, Donald, and Emma Leigh. Cliff lived in Andover for 85 years before relocating to a ranch on Big Goose near Sheridan, WY. He graduated in 1951 as class president of the Andover High School (named Punchard High School at the time). He enlisted in the Navy and became an electronics technician in the Navel Airforce serving during the Korean conflict. He climbed Mount Fuji and earned a 1 st degree black belt in Judo. Following his Navy service, he attended Bates College in Lewiston, Maine, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1959.
During his time at Bates, Cliff taught Judo, ran track, had a radio program and worked in theatre. He was a Ham radio operator (K1MDI), and a member of the Civil Defense Net in Andover for over 25 years. He worked with the Andover Senior Center Task Force, to obtain funding for a new senior center. He also worked as a volunteer with the Andover office of Veterans Affairs.
Cliff attended Boston University, receiving his Ed. M. in Special Education in 1961. He held Massachusetts teaching credentials in the areas of Deaf, Deaf-Blind, and Special Education.
Cliff studied ASL and interpreting at both Gallaudet College and California State University, Northridge. Cliff worked many years within the Deaf community, passionate about visual communication access. Cliff was a pioneer in the area of sign language instruction and sign language interpreting for the New England region; he was a charter member of the Massachusetts Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf, and the Massachusetts Council of Organizations Serving the Deaf. He founded the Northern Essex Community College program of study in the area of Deaf studies, ASL and interpreting; and his own company, Deafness Resources Institute. He hosted the Northern New England Conference on Deafness, taught the Summer Sign Seminar at Crotched Mountain, Greenfield, NH, and served as a consultant on deafness for the United States Veterans Administration and the Departments of Vocational Rehabilitation for the states of Massachusetts and New Hampshire. He also worked at Morgan
Memorial Rehabilitation Services and taught sign language and community living skills. In his spare time and in later years, he enjoyed his children and grandchildren, tennis, golf, and 45's.
Cliff's celebration of life will be on November 6 th , 2021 at 11:00AM at the Burke-Magliozzi Funeral Home, 390 North Main Street, Andover, MA 01810. Phone: 978-475-5200.
Following the celebration, internment with full military honors will take place at Spring Grove Cemetery, 124 Abbot Street, Andover, MA 01810.
Cliff's charity of choice for those wishing to send a memorial is St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 501 St. Jude Place, Memphis, TN 38105.
He was a kind and caring husband, dad, and gentleman. We will all miss him but know he will be having a joyful reunion with Jesus and those who have gone on before.
Kane Funeral Home has been entrusted with local arrangements.
11"00
Cliff's celebration of life will be on November 6 th , 2021 at 11:00AM at the Burke-Magliozzi Funeral Home, 390 North Main Street, Andover, MA 01810. Phone: 978-475-5200.Following the celebration, internment with full military honors will take place at Spring Grove Cemetery, 124 Abbot Street, Andover, MA 01810.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Dear Donagh, Thanks for your website, and I love the new picture gallery. I loved especially the picture of Glencar waterfall with the Yeats poem. I've been using these pictures as a meditation….
Dear Karen, Thanks, I'm glad you like the site, and that you enjoy the photos. I enjoy taking them, and it's a pleasure to show them to other people.
Your question made me think about the parable of the treasure in the field (Matthew 13:44). The Kingdom of God (= the presence of God) is like that, Jesus said. The man who found the treasure (or the pearl, in the next verse) hadn't been systematically looking for it. It was a surprise to him. If he had been looking for it, he would not have been surprised to find it; he would have felt it was the least he could get for all his digging and searching. He would be a surly farmer thinking that the world ought to thank him for working for himself. There would be no joy. But because it was a surprise the man in the parable was filled with joy. Then, because of his joy he was able to part with all the other things he had, and the treasure became his whole life; the joy of that chance discovery filled his whole life. It's an illuminating image of the spiritual life. It's about grace, the surprise of an undeserved gift, and not about systematic labour.
Other parables have a similar lightness about them: the net (Matthew 13:47), the leaven in the batch (Matthew 13:33; Luke 13:20)…. Only a little leaven was needed, and it was enough to raise the whole batch. Theologians, I think, used to feel it was their duty to put a ton weight of depressing commentary on the faith - though things are improving a little now. I knew one who was clearly bored out of his tree by it all. There were no adventures for him, no discovery, no joy; he had all the answers, no questions, and you could see that he never fully engaged with theology at all. He never had the courage to doubt anything, all his doubts had been driven into the unconscious, where they sapped his energy to believe anything really. What was left on the surface was boredom and dogmatism. Don't take much notice of such people, or they will saddle you with the heaviness they feel themselves. You need to meet people who can meet your particular interests; that's important for keeping your interest alive.
Yes, I can recommend a good course. The Dominicans in Tallaght run a Distance Education programme that has several modules: spirituality, Scripture, theology, philosophy. Here's a paragraph from their literature: "While the main work of each module is done from home and at each person's own pace, there is a network of student support to offset the 'loneliness of the long-distance learner'. Thus every student is linked with one of the twelve centres around Ireland, and each centre is stocked with basic reading resources, as well as having a local co-ordinator who liases with the students. There are two study days in a number of the centres during the fifteen-week module, and an academic tutor who is available via e-mail on a weekly basis to help students with their study. Participants are also encouraged to meet informally during the course of the module, on the belief that theology flourishes through such interaction and discussion." Ask them about the spirituality or the Scripture module.
The Priory Institute, Tallaght Village, Dublin 24.
Meanwhile, Karen, more power to you! And may your life be full of surprises!


Why Learn to Play Music?
My mission is to serve the community by encouraging self-expression through the study and creation of music. I believe that self-expression is a fundamental part of the human experience and that music is a safe, constructive and beautiful way we can share our thoughts and feelings to connect with other people. My intent is for you or your child to learn how to communicate using the language of music, whether through reading and playing the music of others or someday creating your own songs.
Each student is interested in music for different reasons, so my approach is very student-focused rather than method-focused. I strive to understand what interests each student in music so I can enrich that sense of wonder. Students learn best when they are motivated by their own curiosity. Along the way, I offer warmth and encouragement so my students continue to unlock their own potential.
Students also vary in terms of learning styles. I teach from a variety of method books and supplemental materials, tailoring the curriculum to the student's specific learning needs and goals. Materials and assignments are custom-fit to the student's calendar age, developmental age and interests. This results in a program pace which is both challenging and rewarding, to grow and maintain student motivation.
Arrive at each lesson on time, well-prepared and with their assignment books and music. If you are having difficulty keeping track of your assignments, please let me know and I can make recommendations for organization.
Practice daily to ensure progress. Beginning students should practice 10-15 minutes each day, whether in one sitting or throughout the day. More advanced students may be practicing 30-60 minutes a day. The key to success is frequent and consistent practice.
Ask questions. I love to answer questions! If you do not understand something about your assignment, please let me know so I can provide additional instruction.
Encourage participation in recitals. There are two recitals each year, one in November/December and one in April/May. Recitals are optional. However, participation is important for developing the student's confidence and performance skills.
Encourage participation in group lessons. Group lessons are held once each quarter (once every three months) on Saturdays. These lessons are optional but participation is encouraged because they offer the student an opportunity to socialize within piano lessons. Group lessons are in addition to the student's weekly lesson. Group lessons are open to students who have been studying for at least six months to a year.
Allow for daily, consistent practice. Please give your student freedom to practice at a time they enjoy and that works for the family. Encourage your student to play for the family and guests from time to time so they can share the talent they are working so hard to develop!
Please note: if something is happening at home or school that is affecting your child student, please let me know so I can be sensitive to his or her needs. Whether there is a recent illness in the family, the child did not get a part in the school play, or there was a disagreement with a best friend, an upset to the "norm" can affect the student's focus or motivation. However, a word with me before the lesson or quick text while you're on the way can help significantly! I can use the information to determine whether or not to make adjustments in teaching and the assignment.
Students may enroll in piano lessons at any time of the year.
During the summer, some students continue lessons on their regular schedule. Others enter a reduced summer schedule or cancel some lessons due to family vacations. Some students may also choose to increase lessons to a workshop-style format to further develop specific interests.
As we approach summer, please let me know your intentions so we can plan ahead. Depending on expressed student interest, I will release a schedule of possible summer multi-week workshops in the spring. If you are interested in a particular workshop topic, please let me know so I can work it into development!
While students may enroll at any time, students may also leave lessons any time of the year. However, please note that any pre-paid lessons cannot be refunded if a student chooses to discontinue lessons.
Method books are an important part of a student's beginning music training and education. I regularly use method books to structure lessons and development, selecting an appropriate series based on a number of factors (e.g. calendar age, developmental age, physical ability, prior experience, interests). There are a number of method books available, each with their own strengths. Any weaknesses in the series are addressed by supplementing with additional activities, music theory materials, and repertoire.
Due to this evaluation process, I do charge my pay-by-the-week tuition rate for "trial" lessons. However, should you decide to enroll, this can be applied toward your first pay-by-the-month tuition if you choose to use that plan.
Students are reviewed informally throughout the year, as I gage their success as we go. I also provide a written review at least annually, to communicate the student's progress to the student and/or family. As part of this evaluation process, I will continue to evaluate whether or not the student's progress is helped or hindered by the current method series. As part of both the informal and formal review process, I will provide comments to the student and family on how to improve performance.
Tuition covers both the actual lesson time spent with the student, as well as time for preparing for each student.
Materials fees are charged as needed. The fee is as needed due to the fact that each student will progress at different rates throughout his or her method books. Each student will also have a variety of supplemental materials.
You will be billed for the list price of the book and/or custom materials, plus tax – essentially reimbursing me for my costs to obtain the books on your behalf. I am at the music store frequently as I like to peruse for new and exciting materials, brainstorming for the development of my students. This saves you a trip and hassle of finding books, ensures you get your books on time, and is no extra trouble for me. However, if you wish, you may purchase materials on your own per my instruction.
Optional group lessons are held on Saturdays, on approximately a quarterly basis. As they are scheduled, dates will be announced. These group lessons are in addition to the regular weekly lessons and, as such, have their own fee to attend.
The group lessons offer an opportunity for students to see what other students are learning, share their own development and progress, and reinforce current concepts that might be challenging – or refresh old skills that may need touch-ups. I cater each program to the needs and strengths of the students who are registered to attend.
Sign-up and payment will be required prior to the group lesson so that I can prepare appropriately.
Recitals are held twice a year in the timeframes of November/December and April/May. A fee for related costs such as booking the recital hall, providing refreshments, printing costs of programs, etc. will be invoiced for students who are scheduled to participate in the recital. The booking fee will not exceed $30 per student.
The recitals are optional but strongly encouraged. Preparing for a recital helps the student build discipline beyond what is required for weekly lessons. Recitals also provide an opportunity for the student to perform in front of an audience, developing poise and self-confidence.
Family members and friends are invited to attend the recital at no additional cost beyond the student's recital fee. Please support your student!
Lessons are scheduled for the same day and time each week (or every other week for students on a biweekly curriculum). If a change is necessary, please let me know in advance and I will do my best to accommodate.
Scheduling: Lessons are scheduled automatically for the same day and time on a recurring basis.
Payment: Payment is due by the end of each lesson.
By the Student: This is a flexible plan, so cancellations are permitted. However, cancellations are not encouraged as they will slow your progress as a student.
By the Teacher: Any lessons cancelled by me, the teacher, will not be billed to the student.
Make-up Lessons: If a lesson is cancelled, make-up lessons are permitted. However, they are subject to availability. Make-up lessons are also generally discouraged, as they impact the practice time the student has between lessons. It is best to keep scheduled lessons for the benefit of the student. PLEASE NOTE: Make-up lessons cannot be rescheduled; any cancellations of a make-up lesson will be billed at the next lesson.
Payment: Payment is due by the end of the first lesson of the month, for the number of lessons that are scheduled to occur during that month. i.e. If there are four weeks in the month with your scheduled day, four lessons will be billed. If there are five weeks in the month with your scheduled day, five lessons will be billed.
By the Student: No payment credit or refunds are available for students who miss lessons on this discounted payment plan. Make-up lessons may be available upon request, however they cannot be guaranteed and are subject to availability. Make-up lessons must be scheduled within two weeks of the missed lesson.
By the Teacher: Any lessons cancelled by me will be rescheduled as a make-up class or a payment credit will be noted on your account, whichever is preferred by the student or student's parent.
Make-up Lessons: Make-up lessons are subject to availability, in accordance with the cancellation policy for this plan.
NOTICE - Partial Months (including if you miss your first lesson of the month): to get the pay-by-the-month package rate, the month must be paid in full. If you miss your first lesson of the month, you must reschedule your missed lesson by the end of the month or it will be forfeited. This is the ONLY type of make-up lesson that is guaranteed. In order to provide this guarantee, due to the difficulty of finding mutual appropriate times, if we cannot find a reschedule time through the week then your reschedule will be on a Saturday. If we cannot find a mutually appropriate reschedule time AND you cannot reschedule to a Saturday then you will forfeit the missed lesson for the month. This policy is also in your best interest, as in life there is no such thing as "making up for lost time" – and since consistency and commitment are key to your success this is also true for trying to cram in extra lessons at the end of the month! Please help me help you succeed!
No-shows to a scheduled lesson are considered a cancellation and will be handled in accordance with the policies listed above.
Acceptable forms of payment are cash, check or card (Visa or Mastercard). I also accept payment via PayPal.
Federally-recognized holidays present the only exception to the Scheduling, Payment and Cancellation policy for all payment plans. Policies in this section override the Scheduling, Payment and Cancellation policies.
If you wish to keep the lesson scheduled, please let me know in advance. My default is usually to keep all lessons on, but please keep the lines of communication open. I will let you know if we need to cancel on my end.
Make-up lessons are permitted on all payment plans for federally-recognized holidays. However, make-up lessons are subject to availability and must be arranged at least two weeks in advance.
Cancellations by the student require two weeks of notification prior to the lesson scheduled on a federally-recognized holiday. Cancellations that occur within two weeks of the scheduled lesson on a federally-recognized holiday will be handled according to the applicable plan.
I reserve the right to cancel lessons on federally-recognized holidays. Lessons cancelled by me, the teacher, will not be billed to the student. Typically, I only cancel lessons on Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year's Day. Otherwise, I keep lessons on all other holidays.
From time to time, I post teaching tips with photos and videos on my website and social media (Facebook, YouTube). These photos and videos are helpful to other students and teachers. If you do not want your image(s) or your child's image(s) to be used, please let me know. Otherwise, I will provide a photo and video release form for you to provide permission, separate from the Student Registration Form and this Studio Policy. Please note that students are identified only by first name on any public-facing media.
NEW FOR 2017-2018: I am piloting use of a new educational social media app – SeeSaw. This is a closed group and app where only students and families of students will be able to access assignments, videos and posts by students of my studio! They will also be able to like and comment on anything that is shared by other students. Participation is voluntary and will require sign-up and a release. Please note that any content posted will be reviewed and approved by me.
Rates and policies are subject to change as my calendar of students changes over time. However, I will communicate any changes to you and I will not implement them until 30 days after the marked "effective" date. I will also always do my best to take into account your time with me as a student or family.
Jacqueline Courson is a pianist, songwriter and piano teacher based in Phoenix, Arizona. She began teaching piano in 2009 and provides lessons to children and adults throughout Phoenix, Glendale, Peoria, Scottsdale, Deer Valley, Desert Ridge, Anthem, Cave Creek and Sun City.
Approximate location of the home studio.


Student Climate Action Network Meeting!!
Jack and Chante, our Schools Coordinators, welcome you to our next STUDENT CLIMATE ACTION NETWORK Meeting (commonly reffered to as SCAN)! Don't worry if this is your first meeting, we want you here!
Come along if you're a student, come along if you've never heard of AYCC or SCAN! Invite your friends, your siblings, your dog! Come along and we'll plan how to make this great year a bigger and better one! Student action is the hot topic right now, lets talk about climate change and how we're going to move mountains this year! Join us for festivities, friends, food and fun!
SCAN (STUDENT CLIMATE ACTION NETWORK) is a network for us (students) to learn about climate change, our experiences and motivate each other to keep on fighting the good fight because climate change IS the greatest threat to our future. Climate change is such a humungeous issue, but that doesn't mean we can't come together to fight it together in a fun way and make friends along the way. The aim is to bring together high school students from different schools. The sessions run for 2 hours and could be any number of activities, including workshops, guest speakers, movie screenings, and usually hummus will be a plenty.


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JULY-AUG 2001
Hail, Baryshnikov: White Oaks's Judson Dances at BAM
By Ellen Pearlman
Only the force and persistence of the greatest living dancer, Mikhail Baryshnikov, could have gathered the resources necessary for restaging a retrospective of the seminal Judson Dances. In a short clip presented at the beginning of the program, screened to lend historical background and perspective, he shows himself as a dancing teenager in Russia. Sure he knew about Fred Astaire and the United States, but what he did not know at the time was that the groundbreaking Judson Dance Theater's performances in New York were in full bloom. Not until he broke free of Soviet rule did he hear about them, and then only in whispered, hushed, and reverent tones. Unfortunately, he was too late to glean any actual evidence of the performances, because nothing had been preserved. In the ensuing years in America, as he became exposed to the repertoire of modern dance, Baryshnikov became acquainted with the original Judson dancers and choreographers; Trisha Brown, Lucinda Childs, Simone Forti, David Gordon, Deborah Hay, Steve Paxton, Yvonne Rainer, and Jennifer Tipton. But he still had never seen the dances. So it was only through a restaging of the original works that he would come to know them. And now the world owes Mr. Baryshnikov and his White Oak Dance Project an eternal thank you for tackling and succeeding in that endeavor.
Photo by Stephanie Berger.
Just what was Judson Dance Theater? Probably the most seminal and influential movement the modern dance world has ever known. It was housed in the Judson Memorial Church in Washington Square for two years, starting in 1962, and sponsored by its very own angel in the form of the Reverend Al Carmines. Dancers at that time who did not dance classical ballet had very little to work with. Only Martha Graham, Anna Halprin, Alvin Nikolai and Jimmy Warring were making local stabs at changing the form. But in the early 60s, Bob Dunn was teaching a class at Merce Cunningham's studio. Merce had been in Graham's company and was now breaching out on his own. The classes were held in a nondescript building on 14th Street and 6th Avenue. Dunn, a musician and a disciple of John Cage, was also the musical director of Merce's company. The classes he taught were specifically based on Cage's approach to musical composition, that included indeterminacy and chance—a freeing idea for all concerned. Dunn decided to break with form and instead concentrate on pedestrian movements. The very first class assignment would last only three minutes. It could be anything, about anything, but only for that allotted time. These experiments grew to a series of dances that needed a more public venue, so at 8:30 p.m. on July 6th, 1962, 16 artists danced 20 pieces in front of 300 people for three hours at Judson Church. Carmines, who hosted the event, at first feigned indifference and said the event bored him. But after three hours of non-stop, innovative presentations, he gave in and admitted that it actually terrified him. He had no context to categorize what he was seeing, and defensively tried to block it out—but couldn't. Judson was so different. It was anti-costume, and anti-spectacle. With no make up and no effects, performances were staged up against the pervading notion of "dance as entertainment." The idea of success for the dancers was not in the broad picture. No one expected it and no one believed it would ever happen. The dances, as Robert Rauschenberg says, were "activity acting." What Judson did embrace wholeheartedly was minimalism, everyday movement, repetition and silence, now all such a part of dance's vocabulary it is difficult to imagine they were ever not there.
Judson grew out of a time of enormous social upheaval and evolution, when Pop Art and Minimalism were at the fore. The movement was a logical outgrowth of "Happenings," which were occurring through Allen Kaprow and others around the city. Everything everyone knew was open to question. The roots of this revolution were varied, but parts of it can be traced back to Merce Cunningham, to the composer John Cage, and to Cage's most profound and lasting influence: the classes he sat in on at Columbia University from 1955-57, taught by the Zen Buddhist scholar Dr. D.T. Suzuki.
Baryshnikov and White Oak presented a wide array of dances ranging from Simone Forti's 1961 piece "Huddle," where the dancers, all drawn from the local community, climb on and support one another, to "Chair Intro—2000," a restaging of a 1975 piece by David Gordon. 'Huddle" was not originally part of Judson, but its choreographer, Simone Forti, had attended Robert Dunn's classes. As was common at the time, she had shown her work to others who would sit in or view the class. Two of those "others" happened to be the musician La Monte Young and poet Jackson MacLow. They were so taken with her work they asked her to present it at Yoko Ono's studio on Chambers Street in 1961. Some of the original dancers in Judson were part of that performance, so the cross-fertilization and fluid boundaries are evident.
In this more recent White Oak presentation, some of the dances recreated only short excerpts from the past. Others combined dances from the 60s and current times. Some of the dancers just said "Forget the past," and others felt the past was the present anyhow, so it didn't matter. In all, there were 14 works showcased. David Gordon was the writer and choreographer of the event and it was his piece, "Chairs," that emphasized the utility and creativeness of ordinary objects. What can you do with a chair? You can stand on it, sit down, roll on or over or under it, lift it, balance it and slide into it, creating an innovative and original piece.
Steve Paxton's "Satisfying Lover" begins with a paean to the ordinary, in which he claims that it is because love is indeed so "ordinary," that some of its subtle beauty is rendered invisible and a different perspective is required in order to see it anew and fresh. He invited 39 neighborhood people onstage, whose faces were projected onto large screens as they slowly walked from one end of the platform to the other. He used all types of people: young, old, black, Asian, white, Latino, fat, skinny. They represented everyday people in the street, on the subway, and forced the questions: What is their story? What is the destiny of each one of them? Paxton refers to this as "pedestrian choreography." Notably, when this piece was first presented at Judson, it was heartily booed.
"Flat," Paxton's next piece, was danced by Baryshnikov himself. Its inspiration came from Paxton pondering what it was like to walk before he became a dancer. At first Baryshnikov ambled like he was practicing a simple walking meditation focusing on gait, cadence, rhythm, and style. He stopped, started, leaned over, thought, looked refreshed, reminisced, tiptoed, focused, and squinted. He then began a humorous and thoroughly elegant removal of his clothes, hanging them onto plastic hooks taped on his skin all the while continuing to dance. Finally, stripped all the way down to his boxer shorts, the audience questions, what is man, this man, this human species? What is left when all trappings are stripped, the jaunty suit, the well-coiffed poses?
This piece bears resemblance to Yoko Ono's "Cut" performance, that took place roughly during the same time period and is memorialized in a film shown at the recent Ono retrospective at the Japan Society. In that performance, Ono remained motionless as she invited audience members onstage to snip away at her clothes with a pair of pinking shears, until she was left semi-nude. The themes are disturbingly similar. After disrobing, Baryshnikov put back on all his clothes, only afterwards they are slightly askew and rumpled. So what's been altered by this stripping away, and what's truthfully been reassembled?
Yvonne Rainer's "Talking Solo," also from 1963, concerns itself with transformation and metamorphosis. Three dancers talk and dance simultaneously, a bold move at the time since speech was not considered a valid part of dance repertoire. The metamorphosis of a butterfly is carefully examined. Rainer was actually beginning to touch upon transgender issues by saying in her piece, "The caterpillar is a "he," the pupa is an "it," and the butterfly is a "she," yet they are all the same creature.
Deborah Hay's "Whiz," with special music by Alvin Lucier, is concerned with a Zen Buddhist-like focus on moment-to-moment experiences of performance. The idea is that the audience, in witnessing the dancers' focus, can attain similar states of awareness themselves. Hay said her goal in the piece was to "remove any image that might accumulate in the performance of dancing…that anyone could hold onto and say that is what she (the dancer) is doing…to remove the unfolding of appearances." Done to the tick tock of a clock, the piece works off the moment-to-moment modulations of point, counterpoint and resemblances, in its spatial arrangements of bodies—what we have come to know as modern dance.
Lucinda Childs's "Carnation," from 1964, worked with the "oblivion of non-dance vocabulary, everyday objects in a non-dance setting." Using a colander, sponges, and foam curlers, Childs's piece has overt references to the beginning of the women's movement. She puts the colander upside down on her head, and places rubber curlers on the perimeter. She places sponges in her mouth and interlaces them with bubble gum pink curlers. Her foot is in a trash bag. She is covered over completely by clean white sheets. IT is the interpretation and suggestive power of gesture at work here, the stripped down bareness of a moment suggesting the collective unconscious of an era when women were being suffocated by the outer trappings of beauty and housework.
Trisha Brown's "Homemade," first introduced in 1965, featured Baryshnikov strapped into a harness with an actual working reel-to-reel film projector on his back. While he danced, the projector threw its image onto a screen of the exact same dance he was dancing, but it had been pre-recorded. The image, dark and jerky, felt like a memory of the dance going on in real time. Brown says the piece is about "The purity of the first time you start something." The projected image was dark and shaky, with Baryshnikov executing a series of intricate movements. Occasionally he would turn his back around and project the moving image, the glaring beam of light direction onto the audience, where it would disperse. At that moment, the projected image was lost, but what was retained was the experience of Baryshnikov dancing with a projector his back. And so it is with memory, where events past present and future blur and overlap through snippets of recollection and memory.
The most gorgeous performance was the final one, Lucinda Childs's "Concerto," from 1993. There, seven dancers, including Baryshnikov, stepped, hopped, whirled, twirled, and stopped with mathematical precision, part of Child's signature style. As Lucinda says, "The phrases you see are music to me. I like to think of it that way, as just counts." It was in this piece that Baryshnikov's spirit flew and where he was able to meld his early style (ballet) with his later interests (modern). As he soared across the stage, I felt that I was witnessing one of the greatest moments and synthesis of dance in America. To see this later piece of Child's how the early investigations of Judson spawned a host of full fledged dances and styles, how they entered into the mainstream with an entirely new vocabulary, and how that vocabulary ripened, is the gift White Oak will leave behind for eternity.
Ellen Pearlman
Michael Clark: Cosmic Dancer
DEC 20-JAN 21 | ArtSeen
Cosmic Dancer, curated by Florence Ostende at the Barbican Centre in London (with which his eponymous dance company is partnered as an artistic associate) is the first in-depth exploration of Clark's work. By foregrounding materials like films, interviews, sets, and costumes, Cosmic Dancer provides an opportunity to survey Clark's career-to-date through the lens of its documentation.
Allan Sekula: Labor's Persistence
By Brett Wallace
SEPT 2019 | ArtSeen
Inside Allan Sekula's exhibition, Labor's Persistence at Marian Goodman Gallery, the five major works were unified by the artist's exploration of working-class labor and ideology through descriptive photographic and textual accounts intended to open political dialogue.
Wassef Boutros-Ghali: A Retrospective
By Kaleem Hawa
Compiling paintings and drawings from his personal collection, Wassef Boutros-Ghali: A Retrospective at albertz benda is a debut of sorts, the first time many of his works have been shown publicly.
Rosie Lee Tompkins: A Retrospective
JUL-AUG 2020 | ArtSeen
Almost inevitably, we initially describe and understand what is marvelous but unfamiliar in terms of what we know. And so the quilts of Tompkins have been compared with the paintings of Josef Albers, Paul Klee, and Piet Mondrian; and her improvisations related to those of jazz musicians.
Want to Save PBS? Make it Pay-Per-View
By Ray Nedzel
Revelations in May
By Jim Knable
Lentil Soup: Van Gogh's Table
By Cathy Nan Quinlan
Sunset Park: The Next Times Square?
By Patrick Gallahue
The Battle for Borough Hall
By Jonas Salganik
Siberia Bar: Exiled in Times Square
By Justin Vogt
Power Politics: The Protests Continue
By Bridget Terry
Jacking the Hudson River: Welch's Last Stand
By Russell Cobb
Against the Giuliani Legacy
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Hot Fun in the Brooklyn Summer
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Opinion: End Toxic Discrimination
The Environment: Another Weapon of War?
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Indonesia: Business as Usual
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Quebec City Diary: Struggling Against a Global Takeover
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Opinions: On Gay Marriage
By Jason Jones
Letter: Look Out Kid, It's Something You Did
Archie Bunker, R.I.P.
Brute Realism: Leon Golub at the Brooklyn Museum of Art May 13 – August 24, 2001
By Daniel Baird
LEON GOLUB with Chris Martin
The Margins of William Blake
Travelling at the Speed of Night: 65 mph
By Valerie Jaffe
Richmond Burton
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Ryan McGinness
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Deep Surface: Reading a New Language in the Kinetic Passages of Jay Milder
By Jeffrey Cyphers Wright
Chariots of the Gauze: Nader Ebrahimi
Kazumi Tanaka
Joan Snyder
Pitt.stop
Suzan Batu
By Art Aské
Between Street and Mirror: The Drawings of James Ensor
By Cecily Kahn
Where Did You Go, Joe DiMaggio?
By Patrick Walsh
Diane di Prima's New York
A Portrait of the Artist as a Loving Daughter
Documenting Revolution: Emile de Antonio
By Tamara L. Falicov
One Man's Universe
By Miriam Greenberg
Summer Fiction
By Sophie Fels
A Pacifist in the Trenches
By Theodore Hamm
The Brooklyn Rail recommends…
Love Camp 7 Vacation Village
By David Shirley
SWARM at WAX: KICK/STANDance
By John Merchant
A lesson for the Masses: Ken Loach's Bread and Roses
By Emily DeVoti
Lionel Abel Remembered
Dante in Dumbo: GAle GAtes et al. Tales it Down… and Down… and Down
By Alan Lockwood
Nothing is True: Lipstick Traces and The 20th Century
By Beth Rosemberg
Another Housing Story
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Excerpt from Gowanus Notecard Abduction
By Tod Thilleman
Umbrian Odes
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Skai's Marriage
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Poetic Lives I: Harvey Shapiro, in conversation with Galen Williams
Poetic Lives II: In the Homeless Shelter
By Thomas Obrzut
Poetic lives III: NYC's Youth Poetry Scene
By Jen Weiss


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Watch this race live nowWatch cycling replays now
Arenas de San Pedro - Plataforma de Gredos
?km
T.Pogacar
A.Valverde
R.Majka
Vuelta a España • Stage20
Vuelta a España - 14 September 2019
Vuelta a España – Follow this cycling race live with Eurosport. The action starts at 11:11 on 14 September 2019. Our live coverage lets you follow all the key moments as they happen.
Get all the latest on Cycling: the big races, schedules and results.
Here's conformation of Roglic's Vuelta victory and Pogacar's spot on the podium.
So, Valverde will finish second in this Vuelta either side of the two Slovenians, with Quintana dropping off the podium and Lopez losing the white jersey.
It's the world champion Valverde who beats Rafal Majka and Herman Pernsteiner for second place around 1'45" down, while Roglic sits up and rides over in the knowledge that he has won the Vuelta.
Valverde leading the chase to protect his second place on GC.
The clock ticks away but Pogacar's fellow Slovenian will win this Vuelta now...
A third victory for the youngest rider of the race, Tadej Pogacar of UAE Team Emirates!
Another Slovenian stage win - and the overall for Roglic too...
Under the flamme rouge goes Pogacar, who is riding incredibly. He's 1'38" ahead of the chasing quartet of Valverde, Majka, Roglic and Pernsteiner. And another 20 seconds clear of the Lopez-Quintana group, so he will go back into white and onto the podium today.
Lopez back with Nieve, Kelderman, Quintana and some others in a chase group while Roglic, Valverde and Majka ride clear.
Still 1'35 for Pogacar. Behind, it's all splintered with Pernsteiner putting in a series of attacks. Lopez has been dropped.
Pernsteiner opens up a small gap, covered by Grossschartner of Bora, for his teammate Majka.
Lopez, Valverde, Roglic and Quintana - in that order - until Movistar's Colombian accelerates and comes to the front. Majka nips in ahead of Roglic, too. This group is still large with the likes of TGH, Hagen, Higuita, Kelderman and Pernsteiner in the mix.
In any case, it's now Soler on the front with Quintana, Lopez and Valverde behind. This red jersey group is thinning out.
The helicopter showed an attack from the chasing group - perhaps from Lopez - but there are no camers on ground level for the moment for some reason...
Still 1'35" for Pogacar.
We're onto the final climb of the day, the Cat.3 Plataforma de Gredos (9.4km at 3.8%). Our Slovenian man in front has 1'40".
We have just 10 competitive kilometres left of this Vuelta a Espana - and lone leader Tadej Pogacar is on a short downhill to the foot of the final climb.
Every little helps: Pogacar wins the intermediate sprint at Hoyos del Espino and pockets three bonus seconds ahead of the final climb. He then takes on a can of coke from a UAE soigneur, which he downs in a couple of swigs.
It's getting serious: Pog's lead is up to 1'45" and he could well knock one of the Movistar riders off the podium and snare Lopez's white jersey.
Video - Inside Bora: 'We're all exhausted!'
Fuglsang comes to the front and starts to push on for Astana. Soler has gone, leaving it to Pedrero to chase. Some splits happening in the chase group now. Still Pogacar has the gap.
Still Movistar lead the chase - but Pogacar currently enjoys the biggest gap he's had: 1'42".
The riders in this main group are: Valverde, Pedrero, Quintana, Soler, Lopez, Pernsteiner, Teuns, Majka, Grossschartner, Higuita, Hagen, Howsen, Nieve, Geoghegan Hart, Roglic, Guerreiro, Kelderman, Power and Edet.
Pogacar enters the final 20km of today's stage with a 1'35" gap over the Movitar-led red jersey chase group. The final climb is in 10km time and it's 9.4km long. It's now or never for the all the big GC favourites.
It's a shoddy surface along these narrow roads - potholes, puddles, broken barriers and the like. The gap hasn't grown, but neither has it come down for the Slovenian tyro.
Pog still has 1'35" as he nears the foot of this descent. Imagine the damage he could have done to this race had he had a team behind him.
The red jersey group pick up Geoghegan Hart and Guerreiro just ahead of the summit. The gap has grown to 1'37".
Over the top of the climb goes Tadej Pogacar - and he has 1'30" on the red jersey group.
It's blowing a gale up here near the summit. And Pogacar is moving onto the virtual podium in his maiden Grand Tour with this attack...
Pogacar has 45 seconds on the chasing duo and 1'10" on the Movistar-led chase group. He's riding like a man possessed - but there's still a long way to go in this stage, with a 2km of this climb, the descent, some rolling roads and then the final Cat.3 climb to the line.
Replays show that, in that earlier attack, Valverde looked over his shoulder and then gesticilated wildly - as if Quintana was meant to come with him. In any case, Movistar now have four or five on the front leading the chase.
Geoghegan Hart and then Guerreiro fade as Pogacar soloes clear. What a ride this could be for the Slovenian's third stage win.
Pogacar has bridged over to Geoghegan Hart and Guerreiro.
Valverde attacks! No one goes with him but Bora close it down through Grossschartner and Majka. Odd one, that. The world champion looked to sit up after looking over his shoulder.
Marc Soler is also there for Movistar, who have, of course, Quintana and Valverde. Sunweb come to the front through Power and Kelderman - and then Pogacar, in green, puts in an attack! The young Slovenian rides clear and no one covers it. Lopez, who leads him by just 32 seconds on GC, must have used up all his zip in those attacks earlier.
Once again, the strongest five riders come to the fore. But after another lull, the others join them to make a 13-man group. They're 30 seconds down on the two leaders. Majka, Grossschartner, Higuita, Hagen, Kelderman, Power and the remnants of the break are in this main pack.
Reinforcements to the red jersey group as the Majka chase group bridges over. Fuglsang is there and he puts in a huge shift on the front for Lopez.
The two leaders, Geoghegan Hart and Guerreiro, have 33 seconds on the others from the break and 57 on the red jersey group.
Lopez has Roglic, Quintana, Valverde and Pogacar on his wheel. Then Majka follows on the front of a chase group a little behind.
ATTACK: After some softeners from Fuglsang and Ion Izagirre, Lopez attacks! It's show time...
Talking of stage 15, the winner that day, Sepp Kuss, has been distanced. So, Roglic is down to one teammate now. Pogacar is also isolated. There are about 20 riders in this Astana-driven pack, but that will soon be just 10.
It will be interesting to see how these two combine - if they indeed combine at all. They're old teammates from the Axeon Hagens Berman continental team, but there was no love lost between them back in stage 15.
Perhaps they're reading my comments? Geoghegan Hart attacks and takes Guerreiro with him.
The gap for the five leaders is 1'45" so it's really tumbled down. Howson's no climber and he's setting the pace, which sums it up. If Geoghegan Hart and Guerreiro don't do something soon, then it'll be curtains for their chances.
Onto the next climb - probably the biggest test of the day, the Cat.1 Puerto de Pena Negra (14.2km at 5.9%). It's a steady climb which peaks at 8% but could do some damage with so many weary legs out there - especially at the pace Astana are attacking it.
The five leaders enter the final 50km of the race with the gap down to 2'35" thanks to the pace of the Astana train behind, which has reduced the pack to about 40 riders.
There's a group of 10 or so riders off the back of the pack - including Gesink - who were dropped on the descent. The Dutchman is fighting to get back in to help out his teammates, but he came down in that crash yesterday and appears to be suffering from cramps, fatigue and general niggles.
The race is passing through the town of Villafranca, negotiating the narrow streets at breakneck speed. Astana are still at the head of the pack with Fraile pushing on. The gap for the five leaders is 3'15" as they continue their way to the foot of the main mountain test of the day.
Guerreiro is on the back of the break on this descent, which plays out on very narrow, twisting roads. I'm eager to see him renew his hostilities with Geoghegan Hart on the final climbs - although it's no given they'll stay out till the decisive ascent: Astana's upping of the tempo has slashed the gap by a minute. It's down to 3'35".
Edet pips Samitier atop the climb to upset the apple card a little: could that be the beginning of the end of the breakaway? Over they go with a four-minute lead over the pack, which is still being driven by six Astana riders. Roglic still has Kuss, Bennett and Gesink, although the latter is starting to drop back...
Astana have now come to the front to up the tempo a little. Movistar are attentive too, with Jumbo on red alert.
The break is onto the Cat.3 Puerto de Chia (3km at 4%) with a lead of 4'20". Samitier, 24, is the only one of these five leaders who has yet to pick up a pro win. He's riding his first Grand Tour for Euskadi-Murias.
It's dark and bleak out there, although Sean Kelly has just noticed that "the cows are standing," so perhaps it's on the turn?
A reminder of our five leaders: Tao Geoghegan Hart (Team Ineos), Damien Howson (Mitchelton-Scott), Ruben Guerreiro (Katusha Alpecin), Nicolas Edet (Cofidis) and Sergio Samitier (Euskadi-Murias). They're over a not-inconsiderable uncategorised climb and will now tackle a zippy descent to the foot of the next uphill test. 4'10" for the break.
Still Jumbo-Visma ride on the front of the pack with Movistar and Astana just behind. What this stage needs now is a crash to spark a bit of movement from Movistar...
The gap continues to grow. It's 4'10" now. I'm still coming to terms with Deceuninck-QuickStep's performance yesterday... The other day, they placed four riders in the top 10 of the stage won by Gilbert, with Cavagna third, Declercq eighth and Knox tenth, after Stybar put in an attack with 2.5km remaining. Well, yesterday they had three in the top four: Cavagna winning, Gilbert in third and Stybar fourth. Quite sensational.
I spoke too soon! It's now raining gatos y perros out there. Still the break's lead is up to 4'55" and it's looking good for Tao Geoghegan Hart - although he's up there with his nemesis Ruben Guerreiro. The pair had been the day TGH finished third behind the Portuguese when Sepp Kuss took the spoils.
Lennard Hofstede is putting in a good shift on the front of the pack for Jumbo-Visma. The break, 3'30" up the road, has passed through the feed zone. After such a frantic opening hour, the second hour has been a far more sedate affair. It looks like the rain has stopped for now. Edet has picked up a new bidon while Geoghegan Hart continues to drive the pace.
Miguel Angel Lopez has come to the back of the peloton - perhaps to pick up a rain cape. It's all strung out with Jumbo-Visma still at the head. The gap is 3'25" now for the five-man move.
The heavens have opened again! The leaders have a gap of 3'15" and this could play into their hands. They're onto a downhill section before the road rises on two uncategorised climbs before the fourth test of the day.
Calm before the storm: Valverde drops back to his Movistar car to pick something up. He's with two teammates and no one thinks of attacking, like they did yesterday, "unintentionally", after that big crash split the pack. The gap is now 2'45".
The Ineos rider makes the connection so we have five out ahead now with a gap of 2'20".
Geoghegan Hart is closing in on the leaders, making hay while the sun shines. The roads are wet but it's not raining at the moment.
The was a cunning move by the Briton who spotted a lull in proceedings and went for it. He's now 1'05" down on the leaders but 50 seconds clear of the pack. Jumbo lead with six riders, with Movistar and Astana tucked in behind. As for Pogacar, he only really has Valerio Conti with him, so he's having to do it on his own. Although next year UAE Team Emirates will have the likes of Joe Dombrowski and Davide Formolo in the squad, albeit will lose Dan Martin to Israel Cycling Academy.
Attack from Tao Geoghegan Hart! Another move from the Ineos youngster, who has finished third and second in this year's race, but not yet first. Jumbo-Visma consider following, but then let him go - but this sparks a response from some other riders, including Latour, I think from Ag2R-La Mondiale.
Not really a descent to speak of: after the summit the race has hit a plateau which, after a small downhill sweep, will be a false flat which steadily rises - via a couple of uncategorised climbs - to the foot of the next test. The gap is 1'25" now for the four leaders. It's stopped raining but there are numerous grey clouds looming on the horizon.
School of hard Knox: the bandaged Briton is back with the pack. He has four QuickStep riders with him, including Philippe Gilbert, his room-mate, who helps him get his jacket off and then takes it for him. Classy from the Belgian veteran double stage winner, who is off to Lotto Soudal next year.
Five Jumbo riders on the front now with Gesink at the helm. The gap is up to one minute for the break. And it's Samitier who makes it three from three over the top ahead of Guerreiro, Howson and Edet.
Henao is the latest escapee to be caught by the Jumbo-led pack. They have four riders on the front, including Roglic. The gap is 48 seconds for the remaining four leaders. 1km to the summit.
If Roglic looks assured of the red jersey then there's still a big battle between Valverde, Quintana, Lopez and Pogacar for the two remaining spots on the podium. They are separated by less than two minutes.
Ruben Guerreiro leads the race with Edet, Samitier and Howson closing in as they enter the mist that clads the top of this climb. Meanwhile, James Knox is losing contact of the red jersey group. He crashed badly yesterday and said he wasn't confident of finishing today. If he does finish, he'll hope to retain the eight or nine minutes he has that will keep him in the top 10 in Madrid. He has a number of QuickStep teammates with him.
The climb has actually only just started, officially, even if it's been going uphill for a few kilometres now. Seven or eight riders have a small gap over the Jumbo-led pack now in pursuit of the leaders, who have already dropped Craddock, the latest arrival, who couldn't keep up. Morabito and Padun will be next.
Alex Aranburu of Caja Rural has attacked. He is joining Astana next year. Ben King also attacks from Dimension Data - they're attacking from a red jersey main pack that has been whittled down to about 50 riders.
This stage is still not settling. The break only has 25 seconds as they tackle this climb, which has the poorest road surface I've ever seen in a Grand Tours. First it was concrete slabs, now its coarse asphalt the looks like it was laid yesterday. It probably was.
Craddock joines the leaders before they hit the third climb of the day, the Cat.2 Alto de Navatalgordo (3km at 7.2%).
The Latour-Madrazo move was pulled in - but Ventoso has gone again on the next section of the descent. The Spanish veteran clearly thinks that his best way of surviving the gruppetto today is to get ahead while he can.
Fran Ventoso has joined the Madrazo group - but behind it's kicking off again. They're on a small uphill rise that breaks up this descent.
Samitier has 15 seconds on the other six escapees, who have in turn almost been caught by Craddock. Then we have three riders trying to bridge over: Pierre Latour, Nikias Arndt and Angel Madrazo. The pack are 1'15" down.
Sergio Samitier has gone clear on the descent! Brave...
Samitier doubles up: the Basque rider leads the break over the summit of the second climb to pocket the 5pts. Craddock follows about 35 seconds down, followed by the Movistar-led pack at 55". Right, time to descend...
Lawson Craddock has managed to go clear of the pack so EF Education First might restore their quota in the break after Docker's distancing.
The weather is grim out there... and it's only going to get worse, with thunderstorms forecast this afternoon.
We have 4km remaining of this, the second of six climbs. The break's lead is 52". The attacks are coming thick and fast quite simply because Movistar and Astana need to isolate Roglic if they want any chance of taking his red jersey today. The Slovenian has 2'50" on Valverde and 3'31" on Quintana on GC, with Lopez 4'17" down and compatriot Pogacar 4'49" down.
With the break's lead less than a minute, the cars are being called out - and the peloton has split again under the constant pressure on the front.
The leaders are: Guerreiro, Edet, Henao, Howson, Morabito, Padun and Samitier, with Docker dropped. It looks like Pernsteiner, Latour and Madrazo have been caught by the pack, where there is a lot of activity - more battles and most attacks from Astana.
It was Samitier who took the points, by the way, over the last climb, ahead of Henao, Howson, Morabito and Padun.
Mitch Docker has been dropped by the leading group.
Well, that didn't take long: the descent was only a few kilometres and already the road is going back uphill on the next climb, the Cat.2 Puerto de Serranillos (9km at 4.8%).
An Ineos rider catches the Madrazo group - and behind, there's another Astana acceleration ahead of the summit. An hour of racing done. And now we have a narrow, twisting descent through wet roads through pine trees. What could go wrong?!
And it won't be: the break goes over the top of the climb well over a minute ahead of Madrazo, the Ag2R-La Mondiale rider (Latour, I think) and Pernsteiner, who was still dangling out the front after an earlier attack. So, Bouchard, as long as he makes it to Madrid, will win the polka dots in his debut Grand Tour for Ag2R-La Mondiale.
Angel Madrazo attacks! One last dig for the Spaniard. He trails Bouchard by 32pts and there are 36pts available today, so it's the longest shot of long shots. Not only will he have to catch the break, he'll need maximum points over pretty much all the climbs - and now he has an Ag2R-La Mondiale rider on his case.
The nine leaders have 1'30" on the pack. Astana won't give up - they keep on throwing down the hammer. The latest rider to have a dig is Ion Izagirre, who has Marc Soler of Movistar on his wheel, and then Kuss for Jumbo. But because the gradient isn't too bad, the peloton manages to follow - albeit in stretched out fashion. A couple of clicks to go till the summit...
A quick reminder of who leads each of the jersey classifications: Roglic leads both GC (red) and the points (green), Geoffrey Bouchard is in polka dots after taking it from Angel Madrazo a few days ago, and Miguel Angel Lopez is in white - by just 32 seconds over Tadej Pogacar.
David de la Cruz attacks again for Ineos, with Gorka Izagirre on his wheel for Astana. Then we have yet another attack from Astana, this time from Dario Cataldo, which is covered by numerous riders, including Hermann Pernsteiner (Bahrain-Merida). It's so active out there. AND NOW IT'S STARTED TO RAIN!
Gesink now leading the pack with Valverde right on his wheel. Some calm from the veteran Dutchman. The break still has 1'45".
Back to the race, and we had a move from Ion Izagirre of Astana which was chased down by Sepp Kuss of Jumbo, who is now setting the tempo on the front of the streamlined pack. That followed an earlier attack from Bruno Armirail (Groupama-FdJ), who was joined by Jakob Fuglsang (Astana) and then covered by George Bennett (Jumbo-Visma). We're spotting a theme here with Astana attacking and Jumbo covering.
Lopez then back-tracked last night on social media: "More than one will not follow what happened at the Vuelta. I'm sorry... It was said in the heat of the moment in the race and with the pain of the crash. All my most sincere apologies to Alejandro Valverde and Movistar Team." And here's a photo of Lopez looking as if being admonished by his school teacher at the start...
After Movistar attacked yesterday following that crash which hit Jumbo-Visma and Astana badly, the Colombian Miguel Angel Lopez was quite vocal about the situation and took a dig at rival Alejandro Valverde: "It's always the same stupid people who do this. Maybe one day they'll win a race launching a straight attack. These really stupid actions are what the world champion's team does - that's what we're dealing with. What a world champion we have!"
Still 10km of this climb to go - the first of six categorised climbs today. The chase group is quite large now and includes TGH, Sanchez, Fraile, De la Cruz and Martinez. They have swept up the likes of Mosca and Smit, but the gap to the pack is only a matter of seconds. There are riders everywhere, in fairness.
Van der Sande is the latest rider from the break to lose touch. Nine men now up front. They know they need to keep pressing on because their lead is less than two minutes now. Back with the pack, Dani Martinez is the latest to attack for EF Education First.
Dlamini has been dropped by the break. Mosca has already gone and rides with Smit a minute or so back. Cubero hasn't been able to bridge over and he'll be caught soon by Fraile and Geoghegan Hart, who have a small gap on the red jersey pack.
Omar Fraile attacks for Astana! The Spaniard opens up a gap - and has Tao Geoghegan Hart in pursuit.
Luis Leon Sanchez is the Astana rider who sparked that move, which was followed by David de la Cruz of Ineos. Nelson Powless of Jumbo was one of the two teammates of Roglic who got involved. He's off to EF Education First next season. The move looks to have been neutralised - at a cost of half the peloton!
ATTACKS: The ceasefire didn't last long! Astana, Movistar and Ineos have put in some digs on the climb. Jumbo-Visma have it covered and manage to put two riders with them - but the whole peloton has blown apart because of that, it's strung out with many, many different groups on the road.
Smit has successfully managed to get his teammate Guerreiro into the break and seems to have now dropped back. Edet is also up there with Mosca.
Talking of Smit, the South African has dropped back to help pace his teammate Guerreiro into the break. The peloton are now over three minutes back.
We're onto the Cat.1 Puerto de Pedro Bernardo (18.4km at 4.4%). There are no big gradients on this - but it's a long test and the legs are tired. Especially Willie Smit's: he has 16 stitches in his left knee...
Ruben Guerreiro (Katusha Alpecin), Jacopo Mosca (Trek-Segafredo) and Nicolas Edet (Cofidis) are trying to bridge over, with Jorge Cubero (Burgos-BH) a bit further back. And it seems like the peloton has sat up - so perhaps this move (these moves) will stick. They're approaching the first climb.
Right, we have a break on! 10 riders have a gap. They are: Mark Padun (Bahrain-Merida), Mitch Docker (EF Education First), Steve Morabito (Groupama-FDJ), Tosh van der Sande (Lotto Soudal), Damien Howson (Mitchelton-Scott), Nic Dlamini (Dimension Data), Sergio Henao (UAE Team Emirates), Will Smit (Katusha Alpecin), Mikel Iturria and Sergio Samitier (Euskadi-Murias).
Around 10 riders clear now including Sergio Henao (UAE Team Emirates), Damien Howson (Mitchelton-Scott) and Mitch Docker (EF Education First). But the gap is small...
Two Euskadi-Murias riders now in the front after some sustained pressure from Katusha-Alpecin and Nic Dlamini (Dimension Data). It's a fierce battle to make it into the break today on what will be the last chance for all riders besides the sprinters to get a win.
Next up we have a move from the indefatigable Rémi Cavagna (Deceuninck-Quick Step), yesterday's winner, who goes clear after 5km.
Ben King (Dimension Data) is the first to attack but it comes to nothing.
They're off! The remaining 153 riders get this 20th stage under way.
One non-starter today: Jean-Pierre Drucker (Bora-Hansgrohe), who finished last yesterday. He joins Marco Marcato (UAE Team Emirates) and Tony Martin (Jumbo-Visma) who withdrew following that nasty crash yesterday.
Here's what's in store today - a whopping total of 4,500m of climbing...
And more on a controversial day with out highlights package...
Video - Highlights: Fury as stricken Roglic attacked by Movistar, Cavagna triumphs
Yesterday, Remi Cavagna capped a memorable Stage 19 at La Vuelta by holding off a fast-finishing pack to claim a fine solo triumph. Cavgana attacked with 22km to go, leaving the eight other escapees in his dust on the approach to Toledo. The former French U23 time trial champion never looked like being reeled back in once he got a gap.
La Vuelta a Espana 2019 news – Remi Cavagna takes fine solo win after controversial day
Hola amigos! Welcome to live coverage of Stage 20 of La Vuelta - and it's the big deciding mountain test, a 190.4km schlep from Arenas de San Petro to Plataforma de Gredos.


FORT DRUM, N.Y. -- U.S. supremacy is increasingly contested in the land, air, maritime, space and cyberspace domains -- and the electromagnetic spectrum -- as rivals innovate and leverage technology.
One of the ways the division is preparing for the fight of tomorrow is by employing a team of experts from the Space and Missile Defense Command located at Peterson Air Force Base in Colorado to train their Soldiers on the nature of electronic warfare in the field and in the classroom.
"When we talk about many practices in the Army, we're talking about the past 16 years of fighting counter-insurgency operations," said Capt. Kyle Terza, chief of Home Station Training from the SMDC. "We weren't contested in the electromagnetic spectrum. The next war might be inside this type of environment. So, we have to train on it before we see it downrange."
The SMDC team is working with 10th CAB Electronic Warfare Specialists to employ a small, portable training device designed to interfere with navigational systems aboard the aircraft used in the exercise.
The interference device is called STEAVE, a Situational Trainer Electronic Attack Variable Emitter. It effects an area up to many nautical miles, said Terza. During the air assault mission of the exercise, Terza and his team of Electronic Warfare Specialists targeted the aircraft flying above, interfering with their navigational systems.
Terza explained he wanted the pilots to be able to recognize their navigational systems were being interfered with and be able to successfully navigate to their objective despite the interference.
"There is a huge perception that space is exclusively satellites in orbit and what not," said Capt. Michael Smith, a 10th Mountain Division Space Support Officer. "Soldiers usually ask, what does the Army have to do with that?"
However, navigational systems and satellites are only a small part of what the U.S. Army calls space.
"Your average brigade combat team has [thousands of] systems that touch space in some way," Smith said. "Anything with a GPS receiver, even timing for our computer networks are managed by nanosecond-accurate timing that is error-checked by our GPS satellites. It's one of the functions that our GPS satellite network provides, network timing across the globe."
Computers, cell phones, radios, modern wristwatches and even baby monitors, anything that transmits a signal operates on the electromagnetic spectrum, can be interfered with, said Smith.
The U.S. Army currently has Soldiers assigned to every brigade combat team who operate in electronic warfare. These Soldiers are integrated directly into the brigade staff and work with military intelligence and other strategic communicators.
"It's their job to combat the effects of GPS interference, to protect Army systems operating on the electromagnetic spectrum and to figure out how to incorporate offensive jamming and electronic attacks into the mission," said Staff Sgt. Brandon Traynham, an Electronic Warfare Non-Commissioned Officer for the 10th Mountain Division.
Traynham believes the SMDC coming to Fort Drum has helped Soldiers understand the real-world effects of electronic warfare on aircraft, navigational systems and even artillery batteries.
"Soldiers were able to see what it looks like, so they can identify it in the future. If something happens, they need to know what they're seeing when their systems don't work," Traynham said.
Education and creating awareness is a huge part of what electronic warfare Soldiers do, says Smith. Educating Soldiers on what is happening in the real world, in places where U.S. equipment may be interfered with, helps them understand what a near-peer adversary is capable of.
Smith wants to make space training a regular part of every unit's battle rhythm. If a brigade goes to the field, then he wants to ensure some type of space training is there. Seeing electronic warfare in a training environment versus 'death by PowerPoint' is something he believes can help it hit home for Soldiers.
"You're talking to kids who play video games eight hours a day on the weekend like Call of Duty," said Smith. "Those guys are throwing up drones and counter-UAV drones and using their way points to get around. All that's space, and they're using counterspace to fight it. They just don't recognize that this directly applies to their job. That's the kind of work that we've been doing with the aviation guys."
Soldiers need to be able to identify when their systems are interfered with, he says. Soldiers on the ground need to know that there's an electronic warfare officer who also needs to hear about it.
Feedback he has heard from Soldiers undergoing electronic warfare training in the field has been very positive.
Soldiers are going to use their DAGERS to navigate to battle positions. Logisticians use GPS to monitor supplies and get supplies and personnel to where they need to be to support the fight, Smith said. From a radio operator or someone operating a satellite terminal in the field, to someone navigating by GPS, all of those impact the space portion of the warfighter.
Instead of commanders being surprised that space personnel have showed up to participate in planning, he wants to make sure leaders are looking for space personnel during planning, so that space training assets can be made available to Soldiers.
"Understanding how to leverage our space capabilities also gives a peek into the enemy capabilities and allows us to accomplish the mission faster with less expenditure and less risk to lives," said Smith. "We can help you kill bad guys faster and bring more Americans home alive."


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Toba, Mie
Toba (鳥羽市, Toba-shi) is a city located in Mie Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 July 2021[update], the city had an estimated population of 17,741 in 8328 households and a population density of 170 persons per km².[1] The total area of the city is 107.34 square kilometres (41.44 sq mi).
Overview of Toba
Location of Toba in Mie Prefecture
Coordinates: 34°28′52.8″N 136°50′36.3″E / 34.481333°N 136.843417°E / 34.481333; 136.843417Coordinates: 34°28′52.8″N 136°50′36.3″E / 34.481333°N 136.843417°E / 34.481333; 136.843417
Kin'ichirō Nakamura
UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time)
City symbols
- Tree
- Flower
- Bird
Common gull
3-1-1 Toba, Toba-shi, Mie-ken 517-0011
Toba City Hall
1.1 Neighboring municipalities
9.1 Railway
9.2 Highway
9.3 Ferry
10 Local attractions
11 Sister city relations
12 Notable people from Toba
GeographyEdit
Toba is located on the northeastern tip of Shima Peninsula in far eastern Mie Prefecture, facing Ise Bay of the Pacific Ocean to the north and east. The area is famous for oysters and for cultured pearls. The entire city area is within the borders of the Ise-Shima National Park.
Toba administers numerous islands in the Ise Bay, the most important of which are:
Kozukumi Island
Ōzukumi-jima
Sugashima
Tōshijima
Sakatejima
Mitsujima
Neighboring municipalitiesEdit
Mie Prefecture
ClimateEdit
Toba has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Toba is 16.2 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1856 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.5 °C, and lowest in January, at around 6.2 °C.[2]
Climate data for Toba (1981 - 2010)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
(3.04) 95.1
(3.74) 182.8
(10.24) 266.6
(2.69) 2,359.4
Mean monthly sunshine hours
159.8 156.4 172.5 179.2 176.4 140.5 174.2 198.1 143.5 151.3 153.9 166.4 1,972.2
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)[3]
DemographicsEdit
Per Japanese census data,[4] the population of Toba has decreased rapidly over the past 30 years.
The area of modern Toba has been continuously inhabited since before the Jōmon period. During the Sengoku period, the area was under the control of pirates, from whom emerged Kuki Yoshitaka (from Nakiri district) as a dominant ruler. After having dominated the local seacoasts, he established Toba as his capital and built a castle there. Under the Tokugawa shogunate, the castle became the center for Toba Domain. In the Edo period, Toba flourished in trade and as a transshipment port between Osaka and Edo.
The town of Toba was created with the establishment of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. Toba was raised to city status on November 1, 1954, by merging with seven neighboring villages in Shima District.
GovernmentEdit
Toba has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 14 members. Toba contributes one member to the Mie Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Mie 4th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.
EconomyEdit
Commercial fishing, including cultivated pearls, and tourism play important roles in the local economy.
Toba has nine public elementary schools and five public middle schools operated by the city government and one public high school operated by the Mie Prefectural Department of Education. The Toba National College of Maritime Technology, one of the five maritime technology colleges in Japan which offers merchant marine programs such as Deck officer, Marine Engineering and other advanced programs related to maritime education.[5] is located in Toba, as is the Sugashima Marine Biological Laboratory - Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University.
CultureEdit
Toba city hosts the highest number of ama divers in Japan. "Toba and Shima, cities where you can meet ama divers" has been defined as the 73th stories of Japane heritage. [6]
TransportationEdit
RailwayEdit
JR Tōkai - Sangū Line
Kintetsu Railway - Toba Line
Ikenoura - Toba
Kintetsu Railway - Shima Line
Toba - Nakanogō - Shima-Akasaki - Funatsu - Kamo - Matsuo - Shiraki
HighwayEdit
Iseshima Skyline
National Route 42
National Route 167
FerryEdit
Ise-wan Ferry
Local attractionsEdit
Mikimoto Pearl Island
Toba Aquarium
Toba Castle
Toba Sea-Folk Museum
Sister city relationsEdit
- Santa Barbara, California, since 1966.[7]
- Sanda, Hyōgo, Friendship city since July 1, 1971
Notable people from TobaEdit
Mikimoto Kōkichi, Entrepreneur and businessman
Mitsuru Hattori, Manga artist
Tsunekazu Ishihara, President of The Pokémon Company
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Toba, Mie.
Toba travel guide from Wikivoyage
Geographic data related to Toba, Mie at OpenStreetMap
Official city website(in Japanese)
Toba tourism association official website (in Japanese)
A Day Tripper's Guide to Ise and Toba Japanzine by Zack Davisson
^ "Toba city official statistics" (in Japanese). Japan.
^ Toba climate data
^ "気象庁|過去の気象データ検索". Retrieved 2014-12-26.
^ Toba population statistics
^ Marine Programs in Toba
^ Japan Heritage Portal Site 73th story
^ "City of Toba". Sister Cities International.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Toba,_Mie&oldid=1058220947"
This page was last edited on 2 December 2021, at 05:30 (UTC).


Large turtle next deep red knit sweater, fits M-L, depends on how you like it. Oversize fit, long body part, turtle neck, sleeves can be rolled up. Material: 100% Akryl. Our model wearing it is a size S and 1.65 cm tall. For more information please get in touch.


It's not everyone who wants a dream barn, and it's certainly not everyone who can design one. But for Sharon Re, of Temple, New Hampshire, doing so turned out to be surprisingly easy: "I saw it in my head and just had to create it," she says. "I wanted something that was fun but impressive at the same time. not just a cutesy barn," she explains. "I don't like normal, boring, in-the-box-type stuff.
Mossy Creek Stables, the two-story combined barn and caretaker's ouarters they built, is set alongside some of the paddocks that dot the 50-acre property that Re and her husband, Chuck, own. From a distance, the 7,075-square-foot structure, with its monitor roof and flared cupola, fits seamlessly into the surrounding calendar-art landscape, complete with silos,copious ponds and ubiquitous white fences.


text:
Q: Display/Interact web page embedded in Python3 GUI Application I'm looking for a way to show a web site inside one of the windows of a Python3 GUI application.  I'm expecting to run this window in a separate thread so the website can be interacted with and update it's own window independently of the rest of the application.  Most the searching I've done so far, only shows how to scrape a website, which is not what I need.
  ghost.show() does show the website, for about a second or so before the window closes; I haven't seen how to keep this open and running for the life of the python3 application.  Is there any way to keep ghost.show() running for an unlimited amount of time?
Are there any other Python libraries that would work?
Environment:  Python3, Ubuntu/Debian Linux
Thanks,
Harlan...

A: Each UI framework have its own way of doing this:
QT - https://www.google.co.il/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiohJLSuevQAhVFuI8KHfGlCM4QFgg1MAM&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdoc.qt.io%2Fqt-5%2Ftopics-web-content.html&usg=AFQjCNHnTUydi4WlSjzdD9ZDYG-98h4NOg&sig2=pnAXLPq2hr7hJNYE9fbCOA
WX - https://www.google.co.il/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiVyoP3uevQAhXMr48KHbvxD_4QFggbMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fstackoverflow.com%2Fquestions%2F20005515%2Fimplementing-a-simple-web-browser-with-wxpython&usg=AFQjCNEaZx6eFFHTX_xDVx3HLC50yqugLw&sig2=-zqoatandTZam_dqCZnNzw&bvm=bv.141320020,d.c2I
But I would sugget to just call the webbrowser module that will open a native web browser on your platform .
import webbrowser

webbrowser.open(
    'https://docs.python.org/3/library/webbrowser.html'
)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Sensex falls over 150 points, Nifty trading below 10,950 post Federal Reserve interest rate hike
BusinessToday.In December 20, 2018
The Sensex and Nifty opened lower in trade today amid lower Asian markets tracking a slump in their US peers after Federal Reserve raised interest rates again.
The rate increase, to a range of 2.25 percent to 2.5 percent, was the Fed's fourth this year.
While the Sensex fell 166 points to 36,317, Nifty lost 56.95 points to 10,911. Top Sensex gainers were Asian Paints (1.10%), Sun Pharma (0.94%) and M&M (0.86%).
Also read: US Federal Reserve raises interest rates, signals more hikes ahead
Vedanta (2.25%), Bharti Airtel (1.37%) and NTPC (1.20%) were the top Sensex losers.
Top sectoral losers were metal stocks with the BSE metals index falling 1.28%, BSE bankex (0.38%) and BSE oil and gas index (0.62%). Bank Nifty lost 97 points to 27,200.
Meanwhile, the mid cap and small cap indices were trading 0.03% and 0.18% lower in early trade.
Market breadth was marginally positive with 687 stocks trading higher compared to 573 falling on the BSE.
On a net basis, foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) bought shares worth Rs 1209.21 crore on Wednesday, while domestic institutional investors (DIIs) were net sellers to the tune of Rs 481.46 crore, provisional data available with BSE showed.
The rupee opened lower in trade today after the US Federal Reserve raised interest rates for the fourth time this year and ninth time in three years. The rate increase, to a range of 2.25 percent to 2.5 percent, was the Fed's fourth this year.
The rupee opened 28 paise lower at 70.68 to the dollar in trade today.
US stocks gave up a big rally and took a dive in afternoon trading Wednesday after the Federal Reserve raised interest rates again and signaled it's likely to keep raising them next year. Its benchmark interest rate is at its highest point since 2008, which means higher borrowing costs for many consumers and businesses. The market finished at its lowest level since September 2017.
The Dow fell 1.5 percent to 23,323.66. The S&P 500 skidded 39.20 points, or 1.5 percent, to 2,506.96. It's tumbled 14.5 percent in the last three months, including a loss of 9.2 percent so far in December.
The Nasdaq composite gave up 147.08 points, or 2.2 percent, to 6,636.83. The Russell 2000 index, which has suffered broader declines than the rest of the market, fell 27.95 points, or 2 percent, to 1,349.23.
Japan's Nikkei 225 index fell 0.6 percent and while South Korea's Kospi rose 0.8 percent. Hong Kong's Hang Seng was 0.2 percent higher.
Edited by Aseem Thapliyal
https://www.businesstoday.in/markets/stocks/sensex-falls-nifty-loses-vedanta-bharti-airtel-ntpc-asian-paints-sun-pharma/story/302591.html


As winter has reached its peak, it is time for flu and viral fevers to attack your immune system. Our sedentary lifestyle, lack of sleep and physical exercise, stress and many other factors contribute to the body's inability to ward off these infections.
But to your rescue, there are some very useful herbs that you can use to ward off these infections and boost your immune system. Given below are 7 herbs that can help enhance immunity and promote overall health.
The queen of spices, turmeric, is known to have many health benefits and boosting the immune system is another one. It has antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agents that help strengthen the immune system.
With its origin in India, ashwagandha has been used as an antiviral herb for centuries. It is a gentle herb that can be administered to children as well as the elderly. It has been used as a natural stress-reliever for a long time and it helps promote balance in your body. It also helps with pain, reduces inflammation, stimulates thyroid function and support immune system.
The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, digestive and anti-allergenic properties of oregano oil help combat sickness during the cold and flu season. Oregano oil has the ability to fight bacterial and fungal infections and it also prevents free radical damage and wards off powerful invaders that can harm the body.
Hibiscus tea is rich in vitamin C – an essential nutrient required by your body to improve and stimulate the activity of the immune system. It also contains anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. It protects you from cold and flu and it gives a cooling effect which helps treat discomfort caused by fever.
Garlic contains compounds that improve white blood cells' ability to ward off certain viruses such as influenza and cold. It also has antimicrobial, antiviral and antibiotic properties also help boost the function of your immunity system. The best thing about garlic is that it can be added to any meal, and can be eaten raw as well as cooked.
Ginger promotes healthy sweating and also provides warmth on a cold day. The healthy sweat produced assists detoxification. Sweat contains a potent germ-fighting agent that may help fight off infections.
Elderberries contain antioxidants and anti-inflammatory which helps combat influenza and symptoms of a cold. Only a teaspoon of elderberry syrup can help ward off sinus pain, chronic fatigue and give you relief.
Do not take a lot of stress as it suppresses your immune system.
Avoid smoking as much as you can as it raises the risk of bronchitis and pneumonia.
A high intake of alcohol can impair the immune system and increase the chances of you developing lung infections.
Eating unhealthy food is another culprit of weak immunity.
Lack of vitamin D which increases the risk of respiratory infection, so get enough sunlight to maintain vitamin D levels.


The Yokogawa YS1000 Series is the perfect alternative to the now obsolete Siemens/Moore 353. The video below provides details as to how and why. The video is composed of a series of presentation slides - if you need more time to focus and a single item, hit the pause button.


Wheat Flour, Margarine, Sugar, Salt and Water.
Peel one side of the plastic layering from each piece of Paratha and place the uncovered side on a preheated pan. Now remove the second piece of plastic layering. Heat on pan for 2 minutes, or until both sides are golden brown.


text:
PREMIERE: Little Freddie King Struts Through "The Chicken Dance" in Pickathon's Galaxy Barn
It's the series finale of the Oregon festival's spring season.
August 2nd 2016 by Marty Sartini Garner
photo by Bill Purcell
Somehow, it's already the first week of August, and that means that we're only a few days away from this year's edition of Pickathon, which kicks off Friday night at Pendarvis Farm in Happy Valley, Oregon.
Over the past few months, we've been premiering episodes of the Galaxy Barn Series, shot live in the titular barn that stands in as a festival stage every summer. We've seen A Giant Dog and Cloud Nothings peel the wood off the walls with screaming punk, we've seen Kamasi Washington's band deliver a deep-funk take on "The Magnificent Seven," we've seen Joseph bring the room down with a whisper. And now, in the season finale, we see New Orleans bluesman Little Freddie King cluck his way through "Chicken Dance."
By now, you've probably realized that Pickathon is about as beholden to the guitar-slinging connotations of its name as the New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival is beholden to the idea of jazz (which is to say: it's not), so the presence of King is actually something of a surprise. Still, the easy strut and sly confidence of "Chicken Dance" make him a natural fit, if only because he seems like he'd be a natural fit pretty much anywhere.
Check out the finale of this year's Galaxy Barn Series below.
Pickathon runs this weekend in Happy Valley, Oregon.
A Giant DogCloud NothingsFLOOD PremiereGalaxy Barn SeriesJosephKamasi WashingtonLittle Freddie KingPickathon
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Trump And Japan Develop New Plan Against N/Korea
Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe spoke with U.S. President Donald Trump on Monday and agreed on the need for more action on North Korea. Nikki Haley, U.S. Ambassador to the UN, said in a statement China must decide if it is willing to back imposing stronger U.N. sanctions on North Korea over Friday night's long-range…"
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Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe spoke with U.S. President Donald Trump on Monday and agreed on the need for more action on North Korea.
Nikki Haley, U.S. Ambassador to the UN, said in a statement China must decide if it is willing to back imposing stronger U.N. sanctions on North Korea over Friday night's long-range missile test, the North's second this month.
Any new U.N. Security Council resolution "that does not significantly increase the international pressure on North Korea is of no value", Haley said, adding that Japan and South Korea also needed to do more.
Abe told reporters after his conversation with Trump that repeated efforts by the international community to find a peaceful solution to the North Korean issue had yet to bear fruit in the face of Pyongyang's unilateral "escalation".
"International society, including Russia and China, need to take this seriously and increase pressure," Abe said.
He said Japan and the United States would take steps toward concrete action but did not give details.
Abe and Trump did not discuss military action against North Korea, nor what would constitute the crossing of a "red line" by Pyongyang, Deputy Chief Cabinet spokesman Koichi Hagiuda told reporters.
A White House statement after the phone call said the two leaders "agreed that North Korea poses a grave and growing direct threat to the United States, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and other countries near and far".
The white house said Trump "reaffirmed our ironclad commitment" to defend Japan and South Korea from any attack, "using the full range of United States capabilities".
Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga said the talk between Abe and Trump lasted for about 50 minutes.
"The role that China can play is extremely important," he told a news conference.
"Japan intends to call on those countries involved, including the UN, the United States and South Korea to start, but also China and Russia, to take on additional duties and actions to increase pressure," Suga said, declining to give details about what those steps might be.
North Korea said on Saturday it had conducted another successful test of an intercontinental ballistic missile that proved its ability to strike the U.S. mainland, drawing a sharp warning from Trump and a rebuke from China.
Trump later wrote on Twitter that he was "very disappointed" in China and that Beijing profits from U.S. trade but had done "nothing" for the United States with regards to North Korea, something he would not allow to continue.
Chinese Vice Commerce Minister Qian Keming, asked at a news conference in Beijing about Trump's tweets, said there was no link between the North Korea issue and China-U.S. trade.
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From 1880's until now, Yowah has been a major opal mining town. Very peaceful small town with about 100 people and many Emus.
Yowah nuts are ironstone concretions resembling 'nuts' which contain precious opal in their centre. Upon cracking or slicing the Yowah nut, the precious opal is revealed.
It's almost forgotten but Eromanga was one of the most active opal field in 1900's. Eromanga - its meaning is 'Hot Windy Plain' in Aboriginal language.
Koroit is famous for unique Matrix opal.