text:
\section{Introduction}
The nuclear transition with the lowest energy known at present connects the 7.8 eV isomer in
$\isotope[229]{Th}$ to the nuclear ground state. The first hints on the existence of the isomeric state
date back to 1976 when a ground state  doublet
was proposed to explain the observed decay cascades in gamma-ray spectroscopy
experiments in $^{229}$Th~\cite{KrogerReich1976}.

The nuclear structure of $^{229}$Th is  representative for the heavy
nuclei in the actinide region where pronounced collectivity with possible presence of
octupole (reflection-asymmetric) deformation is typically observed~\cite{BN96}. A recent
theoretical study suggests that the observed nuclear structure complexity in this isotope  is determined by the
combined effects of the collective quadrupole-octupole vibration-rotation motion of the nucleus,
the single-particle (s.p.) motion of the odd, unpaired nucleon and the Coriolis interaction
between the latter and the nuclear core~\cite{Minkov_Palffy_PRL_2017}. Within this concept
it was suggested that the appearance of the $3/2^{+}$ isomeric state at
approximately $7.8$ eV as an almost degenerate counterpart of the $5/2^{+}$ ground state can only be accounted for
by an extremely fine interplay between all involved collective and s.p.
degrees of freedom.

The isomeric transition energy $E_\mathrm{m}=7.8$ eV, corresponding to a wavelength of
approximately~160 nm, lies in the range of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) lasers. This renders
possible a number of exceptional applications  such as a nuclear optical frequency
standard~\cite{Peik_Clock_2003,Campbell_Clock_2012,Peik_Clock_2015}, nuclear
laser~\cite{Tkalya_NuclLaser_2011} or coherent control of the nuclear
excitation~\cite{Liao_Coherent_2012,Das2013}. From the experimental point of view, all
these applications require a more  precise determination of the transition energy, since
the presently used value of  $E_\mathrm{m}=7.8\pm 0.5$ eV (i) stems from an indirect measurement
performed in 2007 via energy-resolved detection of x-rays in the $\isotope[229]{Th}$ decay cascade~\cite{Beck_78eV_2007,Beck_78eV_2007_corrected}, (ii) is
at present questioned due to the use of uncertain branching ratios in the experimental data analysis and (iii) has a rather large error bar.
In the past decade, several attempts of direct photoexcitation of the isomeric state around the 7.8 eV value at broadband light sources failed~\cite{Jeet_PRL_2015,Yamaguchi2015}. The direct evidence of the isomer was gained by observing its non-radiative decay \cite{Wense_Nature_2016} in the process of  internal
conversion (IC), i.e., the radiationless nuclear excitation energy transfer to an electron from the atomic shell followed by ionization.
Furthermore, the lifetime of the isomeric state in neutral thorium due to the IC decay was determined to be
10~microseconds~\cite{Seiferle_PRL_2017}.
Finally, a very recent measurement was able to identify the hyperfine structure of the isomeric state~\cite{Thielking2017}, which opens the future for clock interrogation schemes based on the electronic hyperfine structure in  $\isotope[229]{Th}$ ions.

These recent experimental findings show the important role that the atomic shell plays for the decay mechanisms of the $\isotope[229]{Th}$ isomer.
The excitation energy of 7.8$\pm 0.5$ eV is larger
than the first ionization potential of thorium at 6.3 eV, but however  smaller than that of Th$^+$
ions at approximately~12~eV~\cite{HerreraSancho_PRA_2012}. IC of the outmost electron
is, therefore, possible and many orders of magnitude more probable than the radiative decay
of the isomeric state in neutral thorium atoms. The IC coefficient, i.e., the ratio of the IC and
radiative rates is expected to be approximately $10^9$~\cite{Karpeshin2007}, such that atomic outer shell electrons play the dominant role in the
isomer decay. Apart from IC, also the electronic bridge process (EB) may play an important
role in the excitation or decay of the isomer~\cite{Krutov_JETPLett_1990,
StrizhovTkalya_JETP_1991,Karpeshin_PRL_1999,Kalman_PRC_2001,PorsevFlambaum_Brige3+_PRA_2010,PorsevFlambaum_Brige1+_PRA_2010,PorsevFlambaum_Brige_PRL_2010,Bilous_NJP_2018}. EB is a second order process in which the nuclear excitation is transferred to the electronic shell with the additional emission or absorption of a photon.
IC from excited  electronic states in Th$^+$ and Th$^{2+}$ ions has also been recently
investigated~\cite{Bilous_PRA_2017}.

The transition between the isomeric and the ground state occurs via a magnetic dipole ($M1$)
and an electric quadrupole ($E2$) multipole mixing. The $M1$ component has been assumed
so far to play the dominant role in the isomeric transition.  The  reason for this is
two-fold. First, the VUV laser-nucleus interaction which lays at the core of the most
appealing applications involving $\isotope[229\mathrm{m}]{Th}$ would proceed via the radiative
channel. The radiative decay rates however are proportional  to $E_\mathrm{m}^3$ for dipole and
$E_\mathrm{m}^5$ for quadrupole  multipolarity, respectively. With the isomeric transition energy $E_\mathrm{m}$ being very small, the additional
multiplicative factor $E_\mathrm{m}^2$ suppresses the $E2$ component by more than ten
orders of magnitude. This does not hold however for the IC or EB rates, which do not have
an explicit dependence on the transition energy.

Second, so far the $E2$
component was considered to be negligible even for  non-radiative processes involving the
coupling to the atomic shell. For instance,
Refs.~\cite{Dyk98,Tkalya_PRC_2015} conclude that the ratio of the $E2$ and $M1$ IC rates
should be smaller than $10^{-3}$ for the thorium atom, presumably considering the IC of the
$7s$ electron, based on the theoretical values $B(M1)\simeq 10^{-2}$~W.u. and $B(E2)\simeq 10$~W.u.
The latter approximate theoretical values for the reduced transition probabilities were deduced using
branching ratios (Alaga rules~\cite{Alaga55}) from
observed decays of neighboring levels. EB calculations~\cite{PorsevFlambaum_Brige3+_PRA_2010} considering several atomic orbitals conclude
that the $E2$ contribution is negligible based on the values $B(M1)=4.8\times 10^{-2}$~W.u.
and $B(E2)=1$~W.u. However,  the most recent theoretical predictions~\cite{Minkov_Palffy_PRL_2017} for the reduced
transition probabilities have provided the  values $B(M1)=0.0076$~W.u. and $B(E2)=27$
W.u., which are smaller for the $M1$ transition and larger
for the $E2$ transition, respectively, compared to the previous values used for the
conclusions quoted above. A smaller $M1$ reduced transition probability is consistent with
the recently observed isomeric state lifetime~\cite{Seiferle_PRL_2017} considering an IC
coefficient of $10^9$. It should be noted that theoretical $B(M1)$ values smaller than those used in Ref.~\cite{PorsevFlambaum_Brige3+_PRA_2010,Tkalya_PRC_2015} but still larger by a factor of two than the ones
in Ref.~\cite{Minkov_Palffy_PRL_2017} were obtained through the quasiparticle-plus-phonon
model~\cite{Gulda02,Ruch06}.

In this paper, we question the existing paradigm and investigate the existence and the impact of the $E2$ multipole mixing for the
$^{229}$Th isomeric transition from a nuclear and atomic physics perspective. From the
nuclear physics point of view, the $E2$ component is related to the strong collectivity of the
heavy thorium nucleus, which dominates its low-lying spectrum. Closer to atomic physics, we perform IC and EB
calculations  considering the most recent state-of-the-art theoretical
predictions for the reduced transition probabilities for the isomer~\cite{Minkov_Palffy_PRL_2017}. Our results
clearly show  that the coupling of the atomic
shell to the nucleus is not always negligible and can be even dominated by the $E2$
component for specific atomic orbitals. This holds true for the $5f$ and $6d$ orbitals, which
are of relevance for IC from excited electronic state and for EB processes. We formulate valid
criteria upon which the $E2$ component needs to be considered and investigate the
consequences of the multipole mixing for the experimental effort dedicated at present to the
$\isotope[229]{Th}$ isomeric transition.

The paper is structured as follows. Sec.~\ref{nucl_hardcore} discusses the
origin of electromagnetic multipole mixing in the nuclear structure model
describing the low-lying positive- and negative-parity excited levels and
transition probabilities observed in the $\isotope[229]{Th}$  nucleus. The
theory of the nuclear transition coupling to the atomic shell in the
processes of IC and EB is briefly summarized in Sec.~\ref{atomic_coupling}.
Numerical results and discussions follow in Sec.~\ref{numres}. Concluding
remarks are given at the end of the paper. Atomic units ($\hbar=e=m_e=1$) are used
throughout the paper unless otherwise specified.

\section{Nuclear structure background of the isomeric transition \label{nucl_hardcore}}
The actinide nuclei and in particular the even-odd isotopes among them present a rich nuclear
structure. A model approach capable to incorporate the shape-dynamic properties together
with the intrinsic structure characteristics typical for the actinide nuclei has been under
development in the last decade~\cite{b2b3mod,b2b3odd,qocsmod,WM10,MDSS09,MDSS10, NM13}.  It
considers a collective quadrupole-octupole (QO) vibration-rotation motion of the nucleus
which in the particular case of odd-mass nuclei is coupled to the motion of the single (odd)
nucleon within a reflection-asymmetric deformed potential. The collective motion is described
through the so-called coherent QO mode (CQOM) giving raise to the quasi parity-doublet
structure of the spectrum~\cite{b2b3mod,b2b3odd}, whereas the single-particle (s.p.) one is
determined by deformed shell model (DSM) with reflection-asymmetric Woods-Saxon
potential~\cite{qocsmod} and pairing correlations of BCS type included as in
Ref.~\cite{WM10}. The Coriolis interaction between CQOM and the odd nucleon was
originally considered in~\cite{MDSS09,MDSS10}, whereas the effect of Coriolis decoupling
and $K$-mixing on the rotation-vibration levels, with $K$  the projection of the angular
momentum on the intrinsic nuclear symmetry axis, was taken into account in~\cite{NM13}.

All the model aspects outlined above have been assembled together in
Ref.~\cite{Minkov_Palffy_PRL_2017} in a detailed nuclear-structure-model description of
the low-lying positive- and negative-parity excited levels and transition probabilities observed
in $^{229}$Th to predict the $B(M1)$ and $B(E2)$ reduced probabilities for the radiative
decay of the 7.8 eV $K=3/2^{+}$-isomer to the $K=5/2^{+}$ ground state.  The two states are
considered as almost degenerate quasi-particle bandheads with a superposed collective QO
vibration-rotation mode giving raise to yrast $K=5/2^{+}$ and non-yrast $K=3/2^{+}$ quasi
parity-doublet structures. The isomer decay is obtained as the result of a Coriolis mixing
emerging from a remarkably fine interplay between the coherent QO motion of the core and
the single-nucleon motion within  the  reflection-asymmetric deformed
potential. Despite earlier
statements on the weakness of the Coriolis mixing~\cite{Dyk98,Tkalya_PRC_2015}, we emphasize that only because  of the
Coriolis  $K$-mixing interaction  can we  explain the presence of the {\it otherwise due to the overall axial symmetry of the problem $K$-forbidden}
 $M1$ and $E2$ transitions between the yrast and non-yrast bands.

Within this model it is also clear that the two electromagnetic multipole contributions have
different  origins. The $E2$ transition is mainly related to the collective part,
 whereas the $M1$ component emerges from the  single-nucleon
degree of freedom~\cite{Ring1980}.  Nevertheless, the collective QO mode has a
strong indirect influence on the $M1$ transition via the s.p. coupling to the nuclear core.
Vice-versa, the collective part is decisive for the $E2$ transition, however with indirect
influence from the single nucleon via the particle-core coupling. The reasoning for the
existence and the decay properties of the $^{229m}$Th state is therefore strongly related to all
nuclear structure model ingredients in Ref.~\cite{Minkov_Palffy_PRL_2017},
namely, the collective core, the single-nucleon motion in the deformed
potential and the Coriolis interaction. For the calculations below we will use reduced transition probability values
$B(M1)=0.0076$~W.u. and $B(E2)=27$
W.u. predicted by this state-of-the-art model.

\section{Coupling to the atomic shell \label{atomic_coupling}}

Especially due to the very small transition energy, the atomic shell can play an important role in the decay or excitation of the isomer. The radiative channel, on the other hand, is very weak, with an expected radiative width $\Gamma_\gamma$ to transition energy ratio of approx.~$10^{-20}$. This value is calculated considering only the $M1$ channel, which is much stronger than the $E2$ one. Indeed, with the radiative rates given by~\cite{Ring1980}
\begin{equation}
\Gamma_\gamma(M1)=1.779 \cdot 10^{13} \cdot E_{\mathrm{m}}^3 \cdot B(M1)
\end{equation}
for magnetic dipole transitions and
\begin{equation}
\Gamma_\gamma(E2)=1.223 \cdot 10^9 \cdot E_{\mathrm{m}}^5 \cdot B(E2)
\end{equation}
for electric quadrupole transitions, we obtain a ratio $\Gamma_\gamma(E2)/\Gamma_\gamma(M1)= 6.9 \cdot 10^{-10}$. In the equations above, the transition probabilities (in s$^{-1}$) are expressed as a function of $B(E2)$ in $e^2 \mathrm{fm}^4$ and $B(M1)$ in units of the nuclear magneton squared $\mu_N^2$, while the energy $E_\mathrm{m}$ is considered in MeV. The value $6.9 \cdot 10^{-10}$ is larger than the ratio of $10^{-13}$ reported in Ref.~\cite{Tkalya_PRC_2015} based on the single-particle (Weisskopf) model, but still very small. For all practical purposes, the $E2$ component can be safely neglected for the radiative decay channel.

\subsection{Internal conversion rates}

Let us now consider IC for neutral Th atoms or excited Th ions. The IC transition rate expressions can be written via the reduced nuclear transition probabilities and numerical integrals of radial electronic wave function corresponding to the electronic matrix element for the Coulomb or current-current interactions between electron and nucleus~\cite{Bilous_PRA_2017}. We present here only the final expressions, for the $M1$ contribution
\begin{eqnarray}\label{gammaicM1}
\Gamma_{\mathrm{IC}}({M1}) &=&
\frac{8 \pi^2}{9}B(M1) \sum_{\kappa}(2j+1)\nonumber \\
&\times&
 (\kappa_i+\kappa)^2
\begin{pmatrix}
j_i & j & 1 \\
1/2 & -1/2 & 0
\end{pmatrix}^2
|R_{\varepsilon\kappa}^{\mathrm{M1}}|^2 \Lambda\, ,
\end{eqnarray}
and for the $E2$ contribution
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{gammaicE2}
\Gamma_{\mathrm{IC}}({E2}) &=&
\frac{8 \pi^2}{25}B(E2) \sum_{\kappa}(2j+1)\nonumber \\
&\times&
\begin{pmatrix}
j_i & j & 1 \\
1/2 & -1/2 & 0
\end{pmatrix}^2
|R_{\varepsilon\kappa}^{\mathrm{E2}}|^2 \Lambda\,
\end{eqnarray}
where $j$ ($j_i$) and $\kappa$ ($\kappa_i$) represent the total angular and the Dirac angular momentum quantum numbers for the continuum (bound) electron. The sum over the continuum partial wave Dirac quantum number $\kappa$ is performed according to the corresponding selection rules for multipolarity $\lambda L=M1$ or $E2$. The quantities $R_{\varepsilon\kappa}^{\mathrm{M1}}$ and $R_{\varepsilon\kappa}^{\mathrm{E2}}$ are the radial integrals given by
\begin{eqnarray}\label{rintegrals}
R_{\varepsilon\kappa}^{\mathrm{M1}} &=& \int_{0}^{\infty} dr \Bigl( g_{n_i \kappa_i}(r)f_{\varepsilon \kappa}(r) + g_{\varepsilon \kappa}(r) f_{n_i\kappa_i}(r) \Bigr)\, , \\
R_{\varepsilon\kappa}^{\mathrm{E2}} &=& \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{dr}{r} \Bigl( g_{n_i \kappa_i}(r)g_{\varepsilon \kappa}(r) + f_{\varepsilon \kappa}(r) f_{n_i\kappa_i}(r) \Bigr)\, ,
\end{eqnarray}
where $g_{\beta \kappa}$ and $f_{\beta \kappa}$ are the radial wave functions of the initial (bound) and final (continuum) electron in the following notation of the total electron wave function
\begin{equation}\label{generalwf}
\ket{\beta \kappa m} =
\begin{pmatrix}
g_{\beta \kappa}(r) \Omega_{\kappa m}(\hat{r}) \\
if_{\beta \kappa}(r) \Omega_{-\kappa m}(\hat{r})
\end{pmatrix}\;,
\end{equation}
where $\Omega_{\kappa m}(\hat{r})$ are the spherical spinors and $\beta$ represents the principal quantum number $n$ for bound electron orbitals and the energy $\varepsilon$ for the continuum electronic state. The factor $\Lambda$ in Eqs.~(\ref{gammaicM1}) and (\ref{gammaicE2}) quantifies the dependence of the IC rates on the angular momentum coupling of the outer electrons and is typically of order unity. For example, considering an initial electronic configuration with three electrons, if originally the two spectator electrons have coupled angular momenta and IC expels the third electron, then $\Lambda=1$. Otherwise,  if the angular momentum of one spectator electron $j_1$ and the angular momentum of the IC electron $j_i$ are originally coupled to the angular momentum $J_0$ which is then coupled with the angular momentum of the second spectator electron $j_2$ to the total angular momentum $J_i$, we have
\begin{equation}\label{Lambda}
\Lambda = (2J_0+1)(2J_f+1)
\left\{
\begin{matrix}
j_1 & j_2 & J_f \\
j_i & J_i & J_0
\end{matrix}
\right\}^2\, ,
\end{equation}
where the curly brackets represent the $6j$-coefficient defining possible values $J_f$ of the angular momentum of the two electronic configuration after IC.  In the following we consider IC for different orbitals of a neutral Th atom, whose outer shell contains four electrons. Since our main concern is the ratio of the $M1$ and $E2$ IC rates for different specific orbitals, we will omit the factor $\Lambda$ in the following.

Apart of the respective values for the reduced transition probabilities $B(E2)$ and $B(M1)$, the important quantities entering the expressions of the IC rates are the radial integrals $R_{\varepsilon\kappa}^{\lambda\mathrm{L}}$. Their values depend on the initial bound orbital for which IC occurs and strongly influence the magnitude of the IC rate. It is also of high significance which continuous electronic states are allowed by selection rules in the sums over $\kappa$ in Eqs.~(\ref{gammaicM1}) and~(\ref{gammaicE2}).

\subsection{Electronic bridge rates}

EB is another process coupling the nucleus to the atomic shell~\cite{Krutov_JETPLett_1990, StrizhovTkalya_JETP_1991,Karpeshin_PRL_1999,Kalman_PRC_2001}. It occurs when the nuclear transition energy is not sufficient for IC, but is close to an atomic transition energy. In order to fulfill energy conservation, the
transfer of the nuclear excitation to a bound electron which undergoes a transition to an excited state is accompanied by the emission or absorption of a photon. An example of EB involving the nuclear decay with an electronic transition accompanied by the emission of a photon is illustrated in Fig.~\ref{figbridge}. The EB process might play a significant role in the decay of the isomeric state in Th ions, where the IC channel is energetically closed.
Calculations have shown that the EB process can significantly change the isomeric state lifetime if the energy $E_{\mathrm{m}}$ happens to be close to energy of $M1$ transitions of the electronic shells~\cite{PorsevFlambaum_Brige3+_PRA_2010,PorsevFlambaum_Brige1+_PRA_2010}. Less importance has been attributed so far to the $E2$ contribution~\cite{PorsevFlambaum_Brige3+_PRA_2010}.

\begin{figure*}[ht!]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.85\textwidth]{bridgepic1.pdf}
\caption{(Color online.) A schematic illustration of electronic bridge in a monovalent ion $\isotope{Th}^{3+}$. The excited nucleus transfers its energy to a bound electron, which undergoes a transition to a virtual state (dashed line). The latter decays to a real bound state with the emission of a photon. \label{figbridge}}
\end{figure*}

The ratio of the EB and radiative rates is denoted by $\beta$ and corresponds to an IC-coefficient equivalent adapted for EB. The explicit expressions are given by~\cite{PorsevFlambaum_Brige3+_PRA_2010}
\begin{eqnarray}\label{betas}
\beta(M1)=\left(\frac{\omega}{E_{\mathrm{m}}}\right)^3\frac{G^{M1}_1+G^{M1}_{12}+G^{M1}_2}{3(2J_i+1)}\;,\\
\beta(E2)=\frac{4}{k_\mathrm{m}^2}\left(\frac{\omega}{E_{\mathrm{m}}}\right)^3\frac{G^{E2}_1+G^{E2}_{12}+G^{E2}_2}{2J_i+1}\;,
\label{betas2}
\end{eqnarray}
where $\omega$ is the emitted photon frequency, $J_i$ is the initial total angular momentum of the electronic shell and the wave vector $k_\mathrm{m}$ can be expressed via the nuclear transition energy $E_\mathrm{m}$ as $k_\mathrm{m}=\alpha E_\mathrm{m}$ with the fine structure constant $\alpha$. The quantities $G_i$ with $i=1,2$ correspond to the two possible temporal sequences of virtual photon exchange and emission of a real photon, while $G_{12}$ stands for  their interference. All three terms corresponding to magnetic dipole (electric quadrupole) nuclear transition can be written with the help of the reduced matrix elements of the magnetic dipole $T^{M1}$ (electric quadrupole $T^{E2}$) operators and the electric dipole operator $D$~\cite{Johnson_book_2007} of the valence electron giving the following expressions
\begin{eqnarray}\label{g1}
G_1^{\lambda L}&=&\sum_{J_n}\frac{1}{2J_n+1}\\
 &\times& \left| \sum_{\gamma_k}
 \frac{\rbra{\gamma_f J_f}D\rket{\gamma_k J_n} \rbra{\gamma_k J_n} T^{\lambda L} \rket{\gamma_i J_i}}
 {E_i-E_k+E_{\mathrm{m}}}
 \right|^2\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
\begin{eqnarray}\label{g12}
G_{12}^{\lambda L}&=& 2\sum_{J_t J_n} (-1)^{J_t+J_n}
\left\{
\begin{array}{ccc}
J_i & J_t & 1 \\
J_f & J_n & L
\end{array}
\right\}
\\
 &\times & \sum_{\gamma_k}
 \frac{\rbra{\gamma_f J_f}D\rket{\gamma_k J_n} \rbra{\gamma_k J_n} T^{\lambda L} \rket{\gamma_i J_i}}
 {E_i-E_k+E_{\mathrm{m}}}\nonumber\\
 &\times& \sum_{\gamma_s}
 \frac{\rbra{\gamma_f J_f}T^{\lambda L}\rket{\gamma_s J_t} \rbra{\gamma_s J_t} D \rket{\gamma_i J_i}}
 {E_f-E_s-E_{\mathrm{m}}}\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
\begin{eqnarray}\label{g2}
G_2^{\lambda L}&=&\sum_{J_n}\frac{1}{2J_n+1}\\
 &\times& \left| \sum_{\gamma_k}
 \frac{\rbra{\gamma_f J_f}T^{\lambda L}\rket{\gamma_k J_n} \rbra{\gamma_k J_n} D \rket{\gamma_i J_i}}
 {E_f-E_k-E_{\mathrm{m}}}
 \right|^2\, .\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
 The sums are carried out over the total angular momenta of the intermediate states $J_n$ and $J_t$ and over all other electronic quantum numbers denoted by the generic indices $\gamma_k$ and $\gamma_s$. The notation $\rbra{}\cdot\rket{}$  stands for the reduced matrix elements after application of the Wigner-Eckart theorem~\cite{Edmonds}.

\section{Numerical results \label{numres}}

In the following we present our results for IC and EB rates involving relevant orbitals of both neutral thorium and of thorium ions in several charge states. We focus our analysis on the relative contribution of the $M1$ and $E2$ multipoles.

The calculation of the IC and EB rates requires knowledge of electronic level energies and wave functions. The spectrum of the valence electron is taken from atomic spectroscopy data~\cite{DBlevels} which provides precise values as opposed to the limited accuracy of atomic structure calculations for atoms or ions with many electrons. For evaluation of the electronic matrix elements for the IC and EB rates we use different numerical approaches. In the case of IC, the  matrix elements are evaluated using relativistic electronic wave functions which for the bound electron are obtained from a multi-configurational Dirac-Hartree-Fock (DHF) method using the GRASP2K package~\cite{grasp}. The continuum wave functions are calculated with the program \textit{xphoto} from the RATIP package~\cite{ratip}.

EB calculations require however a different numerical approach, due to the following reason.  The expressions for the quantities $G$ in Eqs.~(\ref{g1})--(\ref{g2}) contain summations over all intermediate electronic states allowed by the corresponding selection rules, including summation over highly excited bound states and integration over continuum states. The GRASP2K package is however limited in evaluation of excited states already with principal quantum numbers approaching $n=10$ and cannot provide all needed wave functions. On the other hand, integration over continuum wave functions obtained from the RATIP package is not straightforward. We use instead the following scheme for evaluation of the required matrix elements. As a first step we calculate a few low-lying states of the valence electron using the DHF method in the frozen-core approximation. Secondly, we consider the ion to be placed into a cavity of radius $R=90\;\mathrm{a.u.}$ and build virtual orbitals with the principal quantum number up to $n=30$ via the expansion in a $B$-spline basis~\cite{Johnson_book_2007}. The result of the DHF calculation serves as in input for this second step. This procedure allows us to work with a discrete spectrum at positive energies and due to the large size of the cavity does not affect the accuracy of the calculated matrix elements considerably. While the values for the $E2$ matrix elements obtained at this stage are satisfactory, the values for the $M1$ matrix elements require further improvement~\cite{Gossel_PRA_2013,JohnsonSafronova_PRA_2017}. To achieve adequate accuracy, we take into account correlation effects between the valence electron and the frozen core using the method of random phase approximation (RPA)~\cite{Johnson_book_2007}. In contrast to the case of electric matrix elements, the obtained RPA corrections for magnetic matrix elements are often significantly larger than the corresponding DHF values. We double-checked our computation method for the $M1$ matrix elements by calculating the hyperfine structure constant $A$ for various orbitals of the Na valence electron and comparing them with existing values in literature for combined DHF and RPA calculations~\cite{Johnson_book_2007}. The results show a good agreement.

An important quantity in the calculation is the nuclear transition energy $E_{\mathrm{m}}$. We assume in the following that the isomer lies at 7.8 eV or above. A word is due here on the assumption that the nuclear transition energy is larger than 7.8 eV. A few recent results have shed doubt on the exact range of the nuclear transition energy. The presently used value $E_{\mathrm{m}}=7.8 \pm 0.5$~eV could be determined only indirectly in a calorimetric measurement by
subtraction of x-ray energy differences between neighboring nuclear levels~\cite{Beck_78eV_2007,Beck_78eV_2007_corrected}. However, the  extraction of the energy value $E_{\mathrm{m}}$ from the experimental data in Refs.~\cite{Beck_78eV_2007,Beck_78eV_2007_corrected} involves knowledge of nuclear branching ratios in the decay cascade, whose values are not so precisely known and which may add systematic shifts to the extracted isomeric energy~\cite{Tkalya_PRC_2015}. In addition, recent negative experimental results of two broadband photoexcitation attempts of the isomeric state may indicate that the transition energy lies in a different energy range~\cite{Jeet_PRL_2015,Yamaguchi2015}. Furthermore, the recent results in Ref.~\cite{Seiferle_PRL_2017} on the short lifetime of the isomer in $\isotope{Th}^+$  may be indirect evidence that the IC channel is already open and  $E_{\mathrm{m}}$ is higher than the ionization potential of $\isotope{Th}^+$, i.e. approx.~12~eV~\cite{HerreraSancho_PRA_2012}. These were the premises on which recent theoretical studies~\cite{Bilous_PRA_2017,Bilous_NJP_2018} have also considered the possibility that $E_\mathrm{m}>7.8$~eV.

\subsection{IC in the neutral Th atom}
We consider at first the isomer energy at 7.8 eV and the isomeric decay via IC in a neutral Th atom.
 In this case, a $7s$ electron from the ground-state electronic configuration $6d^27s^2$ undergoes IC. There is also a relatively small probability that the $6d$ shell will be ionized. We calculate the IC rates for $7s$ and $6d$ electron for the ground state considering the  $M1$ and $E2$ channels. In order to compare the rates for the two multipolarities  also for the $5f$ and $7p$ outer orbitals, we consider IC not from the ground state but from the excited electronic configurations $5f6d7s^2$ at 7795 $\rm{cm}^{-1}$ (ionization of the $5f$ electron) and $6d7s^27p$ at 10783 $\rm{cm}^{-1}$ (ionization of the $7p$  electron). The corresponding $M1$ and $E2$ IC rates calculated using Eqs.~(\ref{gammaicM1}) and (\ref{gammaicE2}) are presented in  Table~\ref{NeutrAtICRates}.
\begin{table}[h!]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
Orbital & $\Gamma_{IC}(M1)$ (s$^{-1}$) & $\Gamma_{IC}(E2)$ (s$^{-1}$) & $\Gamma_{IC}(E2)/\Gamma_{IC}(M1)$\\
\hline
$7s$ & $1.3 \cdot 10^5$ &  $3.8 \cdot 10^2$ & $ 2.9 \cdot 10^{-3} $\\
\hline
$7p_{1/2}$ & $4.2 \cdot 10^3$ & $ 5.1 \cdot 10^3$ &$ 1.2 $\\
\hline
$7p_{3/2}$ & $3.5 \cdot 10^2$ & $ 8.2 \cdot 10^3$ &$ 23 $\\
\hline
$6d_{3/2}$ & $2.3 \cdot 10^2$ & $ 3.4 \cdot 10^2$ & $1.5 $\\
\hline
$6d_{5/2}$ & $1.8 \cdot 10^2$ & $ 4.9 \cdot 10^2$ & $2.7 $\\
\hline
$5f_{5/2}$ & $1.3 \cdot 10^2$ & $ 79            $ & $0.61$\\
\hline
$5f_{7/2}$ & $65$ &  $61$ & $0.94$\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{\label{NeutrAtICRates} The $M1$ and $E2$ IC rates $\Gamma_{IC}(M1)$ and $\Gamma_{IC}(E2)$  for electrons from different electronic orbitals and their ratios.}
\end{table}

Our results show that for all electronic orbitals but $7s$, the $E2$ IC channel either dominates or is comparable to the $M1$ IC channel. For the $7p_{3/2}$ orbital the rate $\Gamma_{IC}(E2)$ becomes an order of magnitude larger than  $\Gamma_{IC}(M1)$. The $E2$ contribution can be safely neglected only for the $7s$ electron, for which selection rules in the sum over $\kappa$ in Eq.~(\ref{gammaicE2}) rule out significant contributions. We note however that all $E2$ IC decay rates in Table~\ref{NeutrAtICRates}  are in absolute value two to four orders of magnitude smaller than the $M1$ IC rate involving the $7s$ electron. This confirms that whenever the $7s$ electron is available for IC, the $M1$ IC decay channel will dominate. We recall that the IC coefficient for the $7s$ electron is  approx. $10^9$. The IC coefficients for the other orbitals are correspondingly lower, however still much larger than unity. IC from any suitable occupied orbital is therefore much more probable than the $M1$-dominated radiative decay.

\subsection{IC in Th ions}
Considering the 7.8 eV energy value for the nuclear transition, in Th ions IC becomes energetically forbidden from the electronic ground state and may only occur from electronic excited states where the $7s$ orbital is not occupied. This scenario has been studied recently in  Ref.~\cite{Bilous_PRA_2017}.  IC from excited states  for $\isotope[229]{Th}^+$ and $\isotope[229]{Th}^{2+}$ was proposed as means for characterization of the nuclear isomeric state. For the characterization scheme, IC from the initially excited state $5f6d^2$ at 30223~$\mathrm{cm}^{\mathrm{-1}}$ was considered.
We have updated the conversion rates of the $6d$- or the $5f$-electron of the $5f6d^2$ initial state using the newly available reduced transition probability values.  The results are shown in Table~\ref{5f6d2}. The first two columns correspond to the outer electronic configuration of the $\isotope[229]{Th}^{2+}$  ion  after the IC event. Depending on the considered final state, the IC process is energetically possible only for values of the $\isotope[229]{Th}$ isomer energy $E_\mathrm{m}$ exceeding the value $E_\mathrm{m}^{\mathrm{min}}$ shown in the third column. The last three columns depict the dependence of the IC rate on $E_\mathrm{m}$. In all the cases the rate of the $E2$ channel is either comparable to the $M1$ channel or exceeding it by up to a factor three. We conclude that IC involving conversion electrons from the $6d$ and $5f$ orbitals is dominated by the $E2$ transition. For these cases, it is not justified to neglect the $E2$ component in IC calculations.

\begin{table}[ht!]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{|c|c||c||c|c|c|}
\hline
\multicolumn{2}{|c||}{Final state} &
\multirow{2}{*}{$E_\mathrm{m}^{\mathrm{min}}$~(eV)} &
\multirow{2}{*}{$E_\mathrm{m}$~(eV)} &
\multicolumn{2}{c|}{Rate ($\mathrm{s}^{-1}$)} \\
\cline{1-2}
\cline{5-6}
Config. & $E$ ($\mathrm{cm}^{-1}$) & &  & M1 &  E2 \\
\hline
\multirow{11}{*}{$6d^2$} &
      \multirow{6}{*}{6538}
             &
              \multirow{6}{*}{9.2}
 &9.2& 41& 38\\
&& &9.5& 41& 38\\
&& &10.0& 41& 37\\
&& &10.5& 40& 36\\
&& &11.0& 40& 35\\
&& &11.5& 39& 35\\
      \cline{2-6}
&   \multirow{5}{*}{10543}
             &
              \multirow{5}{*}{9.7}
 &9.7& 38& 40\\
&& &10.0& 37& 39\\
&& &10.5& 37& 38\\
&& &11.0& 36& 37\\
&& &11.5& 36& 37\\
\cline{1-6}
 \multirow{19}{*}{$5f6d$}
      & \multirow{6}{*}{4490}
              & \multirow{6}{*}{9.0}
 &9.0& 37& 96\\
&& &9.5& 38& 101\\
&& &10.0& 40& 106\\
&& &10.5& 41& 112\\
&& &11.0& 43& 116\\
&& &11.5& 44& 121\\
      \cline{2-6}
&           \multirow{5}{*}{8437}
             &
              \multirow{5}{*}{9.4}
 &9.4& 225& 405\\
&& &10.0& 224& 407\\
&& &10.5& 223& 408\\
&& &11.0& 223& 409\\
&& &11.5& 222& 410\\
      \cline{2-6}
&        \multirow{5}{*}{11277}
             &
              \multirow{5}{*}{9.8}
 &9.8& 35& 121\\
&& &10.0& 36& 122\\
&& &10.5& 38& 126\\
&& &11.0& 40& 130\\
&& &11.5& 42& 133\\
      \cline{2-6}
&         \multirow{3}{*}{19010}
             &
              \multirow{3}{*}{10.8}
 &10.8& 54& 159\\
&& &11.0& 54& 161\\
&& &11.5& 56& 164\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{Internal conversion rates for the state $5f6d^2$ at 30223 $\mathrm{cm}^{\mathrm{-1}}$  in $~^{229\mathrm{m}}\mathrm{Th}^{+}$. The total angular momentum of this state is $J=15/2$. \label{5f6d2}}
\end{table}

\subsection{EB in Th ions}
We present the EB enhancement factors $\beta(M1)$ and $\beta(E2)$ calculated according to Eqs.~(\ref{betas})--(\ref{betas2}) for different initial and final electronic states in a monovalent ion $\isotope{Th}^{3+}$ in Table~\ref{EBRates}. As described in more detailed above, $\beta(M1)$ is obtained with the combined DHF and RPA method, whereas $\beta(E2)$ is not sensitive to RPA corrections and is calculated directly with the DHF method. In order to directly compare our results with available theoretical values in Ref.~\cite{PorsevFlambaum_Brige3+_PRA_2010}, we have considered here the same nuclear transition energy $E_\mathrm{m}=7.6$~eV as assumed there. The agreement is satisfactory except for the value of $\beta(M1)$ for EB from the initial state  $5f_{5/2}$ to the final state $7s_{1/2}$, where the values differ by a factor 2.5. We consider this issue not critical for our purposes especially taking into account the significant disagreement in RPA calculations for $M1$ matrix elements present in literature~\cite{Gossel_PRA_2013,JohnsonSafronova_PRA_2017}.  The small deviations of the $E2$ rates can be attributed to the RPA corrections included in Ref.~\cite{PorsevFlambaum_Brige3+_PRA_2010} but missing in the present calculations.

\begin{table}[h!]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{|c|c||c|c|c||c|c|}
\hline
\multirow{2}{*}{Init.} & \multirow{2}{*}{Fin.} & \multicolumn{3}{|c||}{Present work}  & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Based on~\cite{PorsevFlambaum_Brige3+_PRA_2010}} \\
\cline{3-7}
 & & $\beta(M1)$ & $\beta(E2)$ & $\rho$ & $\beta(M1)$ & $\beta(E2)$ \\
\hline
$5f_{5/2}$ & $7s_{1/2}$ & 0.082 & $3.4 \cdot 10^7$ & 0.29 & 0.032 & $5 \cdot 10^7$ \\
\hline
$7s_{1/2}$ & $7p_{1/2}$ & 23 & $6.6 \cdot 10^8$ & 0.020& 19 & $7 \cdot 10^8$  \\
\hline
$7s_{1/2}$ & $7p_{3/2}$ & 5.2 & $9.3 \cdot 10^7$ & 0.012 & 4.4 & $1 \cdot 10^8$ \\
\hline
$6d_{3/2}$ & $7p_{1/2}$ & $0.0022$ & $1.2 \cdot 10^7$ & 3.8&-&- \\
\hline
$6d_{5/2}$ & $7p_{1/2}$ & 0.013 & $3.6 \cdot 10^7$ & 1.9&-&- \\
\hline
$6d_{5/2}$ & $7p_{3/2}$ & $2.4\cdot 10^{-5}$ & $2.4\cdot 10^5$ & 6.9 &-&-\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{\label{EBRates} Enhancement factors $\beta(M1)$ and $\beta(E2)$ and the ratio $\rho=\Gamma_{EB}(E2)/\Gamma_{EB}(M1)$ for $M1$ and $E2$ EB channels between different initial and final electronic states  in a monovalent  $\isotope{Th}^{3+}$ ion. For comparison we also present the $\beta(M1)$ and $\beta(E2)$ results based on DHF+RPA calculations from Ref.~\cite{PorsevFlambaum_Brige3+_PRA_2010} where available. The nuclear isomeric state energy is assumed to be $E_\mathrm{m}=7.6$~eV to match the value used in Ref.~\cite{PorsevFlambaum_Brige3+_PRA_2010}. }
\end{table}

Our results in Table~\ref{EBRates} show that $\Gamma_{EB}(E2)$ is smaller than  $\Gamma_{EB}(M1)$ only for the transitions involving the $7s_{1/2}$ orbital. In particular, $\Gamma_{EB}(E2)$ is two
 orders of magnitude smaller than $\Gamma_{EB}(M1)$ only for the EB scheme between the electronic states $7s_{1/2}$ and $7p_{1/2,3/2}$, where  $\beta(M1)$ is largest. This can be explained by the presence of a strong $M1$ transition between the initial state $7s_{1/2}$ and the intermediate state $8s_{1/2}$. At the same time the $E2$ transition between these states is forbidden by selection rules.
However, for all other cases  the $E2$ contribution is comparable (for instance a third of the $M1$ contribution for EB between the electronic states $5f_{5/2}$ and $7s_{1/2}$) or even dominating with respect to the $M1$ channel. This supports our conclusion that the $E2$ channel should not be disregarded by default but should be considered in calculations involving coupling to the atomic shell.

\section{Conclusions}
The $E2$ multipole mixing in the isomer decay has been so far widely disregarded in the literature. Our results  based on the most recent theoretical predictions for the reduced nuclear transition probabilities $B(M1)$ and $B(E2)$  have shown that this is in many cases not justified.  The surprisingly  large $E2$ contribution to the nuclear decay channels is related to the fact that compared to previously available values, the predicted $B(M1)$ is lower while $B(E2)$ has increased. From the point of view of nuclear structure, the $E2$ component stems mainly from the strong collective QO motion of the nuclear core, with an indirect contribution to the s.p. degrees of freedom via the particle-core coupling. However, decisive for the nuclear decay mechanisms are the selection rules for the given multipolarity and the behaviour of the electronic orbital wave functions involved in the coupling to the nuclear transition.

The $M1$ decay channel dominates in the radiative decay by approx. ten orders of magnitude. This changes for the processes coupling the nuclear transition to the electronic shell, which have a more involved dependence on the multipolarity of the nuclear transition. With a  smaller factor (three orders of magnitude), $M1$ still dominates over $E2$  for IC of the $7s$ electron and EB between the electronic states $7s$ and $7p$. For IC from the other outer orbitals $7p$, $6d$, $5f$ or for EB involving other transitions than $7s\rightarrow 7p$, the $E2$ contribution is either of the same order of magnitude or even dominant compared to the $M1$ decay channel.

Allegedly when comparing the absolute values of the IC or EB rates, the largest values are the ones for the IC $M1$ decay channel of the $7s$ electron and the EB between the electronic states $7s$ and $7p$. These will be the dominating processes whenever the electronic structure is adequate and allows them to occur. However, specific scenarios involving more exotic configurations such as IC from excited electronic states or particular EB schemes~\cite{Bilous_PRA_2017,Bilous_NJP_2018}---as followed for instance at present at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt in Braunschweig, Germany, for exciting the $\isotope[229]{Th}$ isomer---may require consideration of the $E2$ multipole mixing contribution, which will enhance the rates of the respective processes.
Apart of the increased rate, the different selection rules applying for $E2$ may also lead to observable effects such as different angular distribution of the emitted electrons.

\begin{acknowledgments}
This work was supported by the DFG and by the BNSF under Contract DFNI-E02/6. PB and AP gratefully acknowledge funding by the nuClock EU FET-Open project 664732.
\end{acknowledgments}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Gerhard Weber (* 3. Juni 1941 in Halle (Westfalen); † 24. September 2020 in Münster) war ein deutscher Unternehmer und Gründer des Modelabels Gerry Weber.

Leben
Gerhard Weber absolvierte nach der Mittleren Reife die Höhere Handelsschule und machte eine Ausbildung als Textilkaufmann. 1965 eröffnete er ein eigenes Einzelhandelsgeschäft für Damenoberbekleidung. 1973 gründete er in seinem Heimatort Halle zusammen mit dem befreundeten Bekleidungsingenieur Udo Hardieck (1944–2018) das Textilunternehmen Hatex AG, das seit 1986 als Gerry Weber International AG, kurz Gerry Weber firmiert. Im selben Jahr gewann er die damals 17-jährige Tennisspielerin Steffi Graf als Werbebotschafterin, was insbesondere wegen der anschließenden sportlichen Erfolge Grafs die Bekanntheit der Marke Gerry Weber steigerte. 1989 brachte er das Unternehmen an die Börse. Im Oktober 2014 schied er als Vorstandsvorsitzender aus und wechselte in den Aufsichtsrat. Infolge eines Insolvenzverfahrens im Jahr 2019 gab Weber die verbliebenen 30 Prozent Unternehmensbeteiligung ab.

Er wurde auch durch die Austragung des nach dem Unternehmen benannten größten deutschen Tennisrasenturniers, den Gerry Weber Open bekannt, das erstmals 1993 stattfand. Dazu wurde das Gerry-Weber-Stadion, heute OWL Arena, erbaut. Seit 1985 war Weber Präsident des TC Blau-Weiss Halle, der unter seiner Leitung zu einem der führenden Tennisvereine Deutschlands aufstieg und unter anderem fünf deutsche Meisterschaftstitel erringen konnte. Als Sportmäzen unterstützte er 2017 den damals finanziell schwer angeschlagenen Fußballverein Arminia Bielefeld und bewahrte ihn mit anderen Sponsoren vor dem Zwangsabstieg in die dritte Liga.

Weber war verheiratet und Vater von zwei Söhnen. Er starb im September 2020 im Alter von 79 Jahren in Münster.

Ehrungen und Auszeichnungen
Zu Webers Auszeichnungen zählen:
 1996: Internationaler Mode-Marketing-Preis durch die Igedo-Company
 1997: Vorstandsvorsitzender Gerhard Weber wird "Unternehmer des Jahres 1996 Ostwestfalen-Lippe"
 2002: Marketingpreis des "Verkaufsleiter-Club Ostwestfalen" OWL
 2011: Auszeichnung Gerhard Weber für sein Lebenswerk vom Magazin "TextilWirtschaft"
 2012: Sauren Golden Award als "Unternehmer des Jahres"
 2012: Sozial-Oscar von der Stiftung Gütersloh
 2013: Bester Modehändler Deutschlands
 2018: Auszeichnung des DTB für die "herausragenden Leistungen für das deutsche Tennis"
 2018: Ehrenmitgliedschaft bei Arminia Bielefeld für besondere Verdienste um den Verein

Literatur

Weblinks
 Elke Dieterich: Gerhard Weber ist gestorben. Ausführlicher Nachruf in der Zeitschrift TextilWirtschaft vom 24. September 2020

Einzelnachweise

Textilunternehmer (20. Jahrhundert)
Textilunternehmer (21. Jahrhundert)
Unternehmer (Gütersloh)
Mäzen
Person (Halle (Westf.))
Deutscher
Geboren 1941
Gestorben 2020
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


IRIS was on display at inter.noise 2014 in Melbourne recently, alongside other products by Marshall Day Acoustics.
Christopher Day presented a paper, "Validation of lateral fraction results in room acoustic measurements", by Daniel Protheroe and Christopher Day. This paper discussed a technique using simulated sound fields to validate lateral fraction (LF) measurement systems, including IRIS. It was found IRIS could measure LF accurate to within one JND of the calculated values.
IRIS greatly simplifies the measurement of LF compared to traditional techniques by eliminating the need to calibrate sensitivities and align multiple microphones.
Click here to download a copy of the paper.


This gorgeous castle was built on the shares of Lake Worth by a former owner and it is rumored to be haunted. A young man's apparition has been spotted walking around the grounds as well as inside the castle. A ghostly bride is the second apparition that has been seen here, running across the entrance road before disappearing.
Your site says that it is open to the public, but it has been fenced off for years. The chain link fence goes all the way around the castle and they have razor wire around the top of the fence. Occasionally, you can see a pick up truck there, the man apparently mows the grass but does little else. I have tried talking to him on a few occasions, but all he will tell you is that he takes care of the grounds and knows nothing else about the property. i have Gone out there quite a few times but never had anything paranormal happen.
Tell Us About Your Experience(s) at Lake Worth Castle. Be specific.


text:
The JSON application layouts in this directory ship with the application as nice, default layouts and queries for telegraf data.

### Create new Application

To create a new application in this directory run `./new_apps.sh`.  This shell script will create a new application template with a generated UUID.
Update this layout application file's queries, measurements, and application name.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Logic in Logistics Space
December 17, 2010 Sree Rama Rao Operations Management
Café Coffee Day (CCD), the largest coffee retail chain in India. Recently, he sprung a surprise with a foray into the logistics space by acquiring Chennai based Sical Logistics for a deal estimated at Rs 400 crore.
Coffee and logistics do not look like a great mix, but Siddhartha is known to be an astute entrepreneur. A logistics arm will help him in his CCD venture, which is spread across the country. But more that he says logistics is expected to contribute 12% to India's GDP of $ 5 trillion in the next ten years. That means we have an addressable market of $600 million.
Logistics industry insiders are not surprised by Siddartha's move. The sector is now witnessing new entrants with specialized services and growing private equity interest. In the last couple of years there have been several mergers and acquisitions and stake sales in the space. According to industry estimates there have been 17 small ticket acquisitions, worth over $ 500 million in 2009 alone.
It is clearly an effort to consolidate an otherwise highly fragmented industry and bring greater efficiencies into logistics for India's manufacturing sector, which is now beginning to seek a new trajectory as global capital sees India as a good alternative manufacturing location to China
LG was looking massively to scale up operations in India. But the biggest challenge is logistics. The fact is that it is fragmented and there are all these complexities of octroi, taxes etc.
These are probably the reasons that made Mukesh Ambani take stake in Gopinath's logistics venture.
The cost of logistics in India is very high compared to that in nature markets. KPMG estimates the logistics business at round 13-14% GDP, compared to 9.5% in the US and 7.15% in Europe. The cost of logistics accounts for around 21-23% of the production expenses in India as compared to 3-6% in developed Western markets.
One important element of the high infrastructure cost is power. The firms require 400 KB of power for one warehouse and power accounts for 22% of the total costs. Adoption of technology has also been slow in the sector. Farmers are averse to cold chain facilities even though they stand to benefit from it through reduction in wastage.
Railways, roads, ports airlines and warehouses are the major players in the $125 billion logistics space. The unorganized sector accounts for a majority of the business comprising truck owners, warehouse operators and freight forwarders.
Road transport is dominated by fleets with less than five trucks that account for over two thirds of the trucks operating in India and constitute 80% of the revenues according to a Deloitte report. Increasing synergies between all these operators can bring down costs significantly.
Indian railways is the dominant player in the rail segment spanning 63,332 route Km. Though the existing railway network is crippled by capacity constraints there are signs of the sector liberalizing with licenses being awarded to private players for container transportation. India's port infrastructure consists of 12 major ports and around 180 non major ports. Several of them have drawn foreign and private equity investments. These include Gujarat, Pipavav, Mundra Port and Gangavaram Port. As for air transport again private sector participants has enabled infrastructure improvement. The civil aviation ministry has set a target of getting around 500 airports operational in the country by 2020. This will include renovation of used airports and developing green field airports.
Industry experts feel that the warehousing segment will have a huge potential once the GST regime replaces the differential state tax structures. Now, companies set up small warehouse in different states to adhere to various tax codes. But with GST, companies are expected to set up large IT enabled centralized warehouses that could provide huge economies of scale.
Enabling one stop logistic shopping is another major drive. This is the primary objective of Deccan 360 since the company owns a lot of assets and resources. Some others are attempting to achieve the same goal, but by bringing different operators together and keeping their own assets and resources low.
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text:
How to see the Golden Triangle
Delhi, Agra, Jaipur and beyond
By Lakshmi Sharath
The Golden Triangle not just about the Taj Mahal and the Red Fort. It's a chance to witness the many identities of India through the iconic destinations of Delhi, Agra and Jaipur.
From the towering Qutub Minar to the formidable Amer Fort, visiting the Golden Triangle is also an insight into India's architectural history. But beware — overtourism and overcrowding can be a real problem. Avoid unethical elephant rides and big tour groups, and make sure you're respectful of local customs and dress when visiting sites like the Taj Mahal. Let's keep the Triangle golden.
Golden Triangle routes
Plan for a minimum of five days to see the Golden Triangle — but more is always better. Most Golden Triangle tours will start with a couple of days in Delhi to acclimatise and view the big city sights. The most logical route is to then travel to Agra (four to five hours by road/three hours by train). Here, most trips opt for two days and one night, allowing you to view the Taj Mahal early in the morning.
The journey from Agra to Jaipur takes four hours by road and three and half by train. For most, Jaipur is the introduction to Rajasthan and from here you can explore the rest of the state to the west. However, should you choose to complete the Triangle by returning to Delhi from Jaipur, the journey time is approximately six hours by road and four hours by train.
The Golden Triangle cities of Delhi, Agra and Jaipur are all located within 250km of each other and can be covered by road or rail. This is a trail filled with history and laced with stories — you get to see forts and palaces, mosques and mausoleums.
The iconic Taj Mahal is on everyone's itinerary but there is also the Red Fort, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Old Delhi is more fascinating with its monuments and markets, while colourful Jaipur offers palaces and forts.
India's capital is a riot of cars, noise and sights — from the iconic India Gate built in 1917 to commemorate first world war soldiers to the stately Rashtrapathi Bhavan (President's residence). For an authentic experience of Delhi past, head to Shahjahanabad, the Old Delhi city created by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in the 17th century. Founded when the emperor moved his capital from Agra in 1639, the walled city was shaped like a quarter circle with the elegant Red Fort (Lal Qila) towering over the citadel as a focal point.
Wander down vibrant Chandni Chowk, once the city's main street and now one of India's busiest markets, serving up famed Delhi street food like stuffed parathas (flatbreads) and crisp jalebis (fried sweets). Meaning 'moonlight square', Chandni Chowk got its name from a large pond of water that existed in front of the Town Hall — now long lost to the mass of vendors.
The elegant Jama Masjid, built at a cost of 1 million rupees between 1644 and 1656, sits across the road from the Red Fort at Chandni Chowk's end. The last of Shah Jahan's architectural wonders (he commissioned the Taj Mahal and Red Fort, but fell ill shortly after the Masjid's completion), the mosque once housed almost 25,000 worshippers and is still in use today. Look for its minaret towers and domes and dress conservatively if you plan to visit.
Away from Shahjahanabad, visit the UNESCO World Heritage sites of Humayan's Tomb, dedicated to the Mughal emperor, and Qutub Minar, a soaring 73m tower built in 1193 after the sacking of Delhi's last Hindu kingdom.
With five distinct stories built from red sandstone and marble, the purpose of Qutub Minar is still shrouded in controversy. Some say it was built to celebrate the beginning of Muslim rule in India, while others argue it is simply a minaret used by muezzins to call the faithful to prayer.
The Taj Mahal is clearly the showstopper here, but as the monument becomes ever more popular, make sure you are aware of the drawbacks of visiting, such as the heat and crowds. Try to visit early in the morning to beat the rush, avoid the south gate as it doesn't open until 8am and read up on the list of items you can't take in to avoid disappointment. Please note that the Taj Mahal is closed on Fridays.
Agra was the Mughal capital and was previously known as Akbarabad under the leadership of Mughal emperor Akbar. In 1565, he built the Agra Fort from red sandstone, making it the seat of the Mughal Empire until his grandson Shah Jahan moved the capital to Delhi in 1639.
Today, you can visit the fort by entering the Amar Singh gate to its south, taking in the various palaces, pavilions and courtyards along the way. Don't miss the Mathamman Burj, a marble tower where Shah Jahan was imprisoned by his son Aurangzeb until his death in 1666. From his window, he could view the Taj Mahal, built as a tomb for his wife Mumtaz.
A visit to Agra is not complete without visiting the Mughal architectural masterpiece and forgotten town of Fatehpur Sikri. Its magnificent Bulund Darwaza (Gate of Victory) commemorates Akbar's victory at Gujarat. Standing 54m tall, the gate to Fatehpur Sikri guards its southern entrance and is made of red sandstone with marble decorations. Inside, you can see the intricately marbled tomb of the sufi saint Sheikh Salim Chishti, who foretold the birth of Akbar's son Salim.
The Pink City retains its royal touch with the elaborate architecture of its many palaces and forts. In the Old Town, you'll find the City Palace (still home to Jaipur's royals), the Hawa Mahal and Jantar Mahal. But it's the old Mughal capital of Amer where three magnificent forts — Amer, Jaigarh and Nahargarh — watch over the city, that is Jaipur's best attraction.
See our full Jaipur guide.
After fifteen years as a journalist in several media organisations, Lakshmi decided to travel the world. So far, she has covered five continents and 25 countries.
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text:
Nancy Wilson Net Worth
How much is Nancy Wilson Worth?
in Richest Celebrities › Singers
Nancy Wilson net worth:
Nancy Wilson is an American singer, songwriter, guitarist and producer who has a net worth of $15 million. Nancy Wilson has earned her net worth as a member of the Seattle/Vancouver rock band Heart. Nancy joined the band along with her older sister Ann. Nancy and lead guitarist Roger Fischer lived together for some time. She was born on March 16, 1954 in San Francisco, Cailfornia she attended Pacific University located in Oregon, as well as Cornish College of the Arts in Seattle, she majored in art and German literature. Nancy was the lead vocalist on some of the band's hits such as "Treat Me Well", "Theses Dreams", Stranded", "There's the Girl", and "Will You Be There (In the Morning)". Nancy also frequently performed the background and harmony vocals. She was also the rhythm and lead guitarist for the band. She released a solo album in 1999 titled Live at McCabe's Guitar Shop. Nancy married Cameron Crowe on July 27, 1986; Crowe was a film director and former writer for Rolling Stone. They have two sons and divorced in December of 2010. She helped compose music for some of Crowe's films such as; Jerry Maguire, Almost Famous, Vanilla Sky, and Elizabethtown. She also made appearances in the 1984 film The Wild Life and Fast Times at Ridgemont High in 1982. Nancy along with her sister Ann took part in the We Are the World 25 of Haiti in 2010. Most recently she recorded her own version of an early hit by the band Heart tilted "Dreamboat Annie" with the help of Sharon Isbin a classical guitarist. This song was included on Isbin's album Guitar Passion.
G. E. Smith Net Worth
Alexi Laiho Net Worth
John Fogerty Net Worth
Net Worth: $15 Million
Date of Birth: Mar 16, 1954 (65 years old)
Profession: Singer, Songwriter, Musician, Guitarist, Record producer, Composer, Actor, Film Score Composer
Mark Knopfler Net Worth
Dave Mustaine Net Worth
Mark Morton Net Worth
Graham Coxon Net Worth
Mikael Akerfeldt Net Worth
Cameron Crowe Net Worth


text:
package com.ftfl.icare.helper;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.SQLException;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.util.Log;

import com.ftfl.icare.model.Appointment;
import com.ftfl.icare.util.ICareConstants;

public class AppointmentDataSource {

	private SQLiteDatabase mICareDatabase;
	private ICareSQLiteHelper mICareDbHelper;
	List<Appointment> mAppointmentList = new ArrayList<Appointment>();

	public AppointmentDataSource(Context context) {
		mICareDbHelper = new ICareSQLiteHelper(context);
	}

	/*
	 * open a method for writable database
	 */
	public void open() throws SQLException {
		mICareDatabase = mICareDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
	}

	/*
	 * close database connection
	 */
	public void close() {
		mICareDbHelper.close();
	}

	/*
	 * insert data into the database.
	 */

	public boolean insert(Appointment eAppointment) {

		this.open();

		ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();

		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_NAME, eAppointment.getDrName());

		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_DATE, eAppointment.getDate());
		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_TIME, eAppointment.getTime());
		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_PURPOSE,
				eAppointment.getPurpose());
		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_LOCATION,
				eAppointment.getLocation());

		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_ALARM, eAppointment.getAlarm());
		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_PROFILE_ID,
				eAppointment.getProfileId());

		long check = mICareDatabase.insert(ICareSQLiteHelper.TABLE_APPOINTMENT,
				null, cv);
		mICareDatabase.close();

		this.close();
		if (check < 0)
			return false;
		else
			return true;
	}

	// Updating database by id
	public boolean updateData(int eAppointmentId, Appointment eAppointment) {
		this.open();
		ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();

		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_NAME, eAppointment.getDrName());

		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_DATE, eAppointment.getDate());
		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_TIME, eAppointment.getTime());
		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_PURPOSE,
				eAppointment.getPurpose());
		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_LOCATION,
				eAppointment.getLocation());

		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_ALARM, eAppointment.getAlarm());
		cv.put(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_PROFILE_ID,
				eAppointment.getProfileId());

		int check = mICareDatabase.update(ICareSQLiteHelper.TABLE_APPOINTMENT,
				cv,
				ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_ID + "=" + eAppointmentId,
				null);
		mICareDatabase.close();

		this.close();
		if (check == 0)
			return false;
		else
			return true;
	}

	// delete data form database.
	public boolean deleteData(int eAppointmentId) {
		this.open();
		try {
			mICareDatabase
					.delete(ICareSQLiteHelper.TABLE_APPOINTMENT,
							ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_ID + "="
									+ eAppointmentId, null);
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			Log.e("ERROR", "data insertion problem");
			return false;
		}
		this.close();
		return true;
	}

	/*
	 * using cursor for display data from database.
	 */
	public List<Appointment> appointmentList() {
		this.open();

		Cursor mCursor = mICareDatabase.query(
				ICareSQLiteHelper.TABLE_APPOINTMENT, null,
				ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_PROFILE_ID + "="
						+ ICareConstants.SELECTED_PROFILE_ID, null, null, null,
				null);

		if (mCursor != null) {
			if (mCursor.moveToFirst()) {

				do {

					String id = mCursor
							.getString(mCursor
									.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_ID));
					String name = mCursor
							.getString(mCursor
									.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_NAME));
					String date = mCursor
							.getString(mCursor
									.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_DATE));
					String time = mCursor
							.getString(mCursor
									.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_TIME));
					String status = mCursor
							.getString(mCursor
									.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_PURPOSE));
					String notes = mCursor
							.getString(mCursor
									.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_LOCATION));

					String alarm = mCursor
							.getString(mCursor
									.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_ALARM));

					String profileId = mCursor
							.getString(mCursor
									.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_PROFILE_ID));

					mAppointmentList.add(new Appointment(id, name, date, time,
							status, notes, alarm, profileId));

				} while (mCursor.moveToNext());
			}
			mCursor.close();
		}
		this.close();
		return mAppointmentList;
	}

	/*
	 * create a profile of ICareProfile. Here the data of the database according
	 * to the given id is set to the profile and return a profile.
	 */
	public Appointment singleAppointmentData(int eAppointmentId) {
		this.open();
		Appointment singleAppointment;
		Cursor mCursor = mICareDatabase.query(
				ICareSQLiteHelper.TABLE_APPOINTMENT, null,
				ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_ID + "=" + eAppointmentId,
				null, null, null, null);

		mCursor.moveToFirst();

		String id = mCursor.getString(mCursor
				.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_ID));
		String name = mCursor.getString(mCursor
				.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_NAME));
		String date = mCursor.getString(mCursor
				.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_DATE));
		String time = mCursor.getString(mCursor
				.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_TIME));
		String status = mCursor.getString(mCursor
				.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_PURPOSE));
		String notes = mCursor.getString(mCursor
				.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_LOCATION));

		String alarm = mCursor.getString(mCursor
				.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_ALARM));

		String profileId = mCursor.getString(mCursor
				.getColumnIndex(ICareSQLiteHelper.COL_APPOINTMENT_PROFILE_ID));
		mCursor.close();

		singleAppointment = new Appointment(id, name, date, time, status,
				notes, alarm, profileId);
		this.close();
		return singleAppointment;
	}
}


f) for registering on our website and / or the app or filling out the forms on the website or in the app.
Furthermore, among the data you provided there could also be some personal data defined by the GDPR and by the Italian regulation as "sensitive" (e.g. health, judicial data). The sensitive data shall be processed according to the purposes indicated below and only with your express consent.
v. fulfilling obligations connected to passenger and freight transport regulations.
Promotional activities of the travel agency, and / or of commercial partners, implemented both with automated methods (i.e. emails, text messages, instant messaging applications, etc.) and with non-automated methods (i.e. ordinary mail, telephone calls by an operator, etc.). In particular, the travel agency may use your email address, provided at the time of purchasing the packages or tourist services, to send you information and promotional communications linked to similar services and products offered by the travel agency and / or by commercial partners even without your consent, provided you do not object to such use.
profiling activities, i.e. analysis of your travel preferences and market research in order to improve the services offered and the commercial information presented by us, making them more in keeping with your interests. Such activity may also take place through satisfaction questionnaires and / or the use of profiling cookies while you are surfing our sites and apps.
The processing for marketing purposes (therefore both for promotional and profiling activities) can only take place with your consent.
The provision of your personal data is optional, however, in the absence of the data required for the purposes indicated in points a) and b) (purposes related to contractual and legal performance) the requested performance or part of it cannot be performed and you will not be able to take advantage of the opportunities mentioned above.
The provision of optional data will enable the travel agency to improve the services offered in order to make them increasingly responding to the personal interests of its customers.
The provision of sensitive / particular personal data is voluntary; however, in the absence of such consent, the travel agency may not be able to comply with some contractual obligations linked to processing such data.
• entities whose right to access your data is recognized by legal provisions and secondary regulations or by provisions issued by legally legitimated Authorities, including airport, port, customs and border authorities.
Transfer of Personal Data Outside the European Union.
Your personal data may be transferred abroad to third party companies belonging to the European Union or not, always for the purposes above mentioned.
In case of data transfer to countries outside the European Union, these countries shall guarantee an adequate level of protection based on a specific decision of the European Commission or alternatively the recipient shall be contractually obliged to data protection with an appropriate and comparable level to the protection provided by the GDPR.
iii. within the period necessary to protect the rights of the data owner in the event of any disputes as to the provision of the service.
Personal data collected and processed for profiling purposes shall be kept for a maximum period of ten (10) years after which they shall be automatically deleted or permanently made anonymous.
Rights of the Party Concerned.
• lodge a complaint to a supervisory authority (Authority for the Protection of Personal Data -www.garanteprivacy.it).


A Barking and Dagenham knitting club has marked the centenary of the World War I armistice by knitting 100 poppies, ahead of Sunday's Memorial Day.
The women from Ageing Well have been knitting the poppies together and in their own homes over the past few weeks. The collection will now be attached to netting and displayed at the Job Drain Memorial Statue in Barking on Friday 9 November – prior to a short memorial service taking place at 11am on that day. They will also be displayed at the council's Cabinet meeting on Tuesday 13 November, following the remembrance events of the coming weekend.
The 100 poppies will be available for purchase after Friday's event at the Job Drain Memorial Statue, with all proceeds going to the Royal British Legion. There will be a minimum donation of £2 per poppy for anyone wishing to buy one, and they will be available for collect from the Leader's Office at Barking Town Hall on Wednesday 14 November.
While the number of poppies available to any individual will be capped at three per person, people wishing to purchase more as gifts can request to do so.
Anyone who would like to buy one or more of these unique items can register their interest by emailing leadersoffice@lbbd.gov.uk, stating how many poppies they would like.
"I was very impressed by the tremendous effort and skill that has gone into this knitting project"
"It was an absolute pleasure to visit the ladies while they were finishing off the 100 poppies that they have been putting together," he said.
"I was very impressed by the tremendous effort and skill that has gone into this knitting project, and I'd like to thank all the members of Ageing Well for their dedication and hard work.


Kiyomi Lim's Site.: Ad: Cute little strawberries!
Anyone of you watches Budget Barbie?
If you do, you should be no alien to Cute Little Strawberries.
that sells accessories at low prices.
I have been so crazy over fake collars now a days, I love the effects that they give!
Especially that I've got short hair now, so the fake collars have gave me an extra spice to my empty looking neck!
It's quite hard to find a variety of designs out there now a days, so here's cute little strawberries to the rescue!
Just look at these tempting designs!
Other than fake collars, they also sell other things like bracelets!
Do remember to read their terms and conditions before buying!
Do like them on Facebook too !
Their spree is ending today so... shop now!


text:
[![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/yojkfnxe9adn5mcc?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/denismaster/se-starmap)
# Mass Space Star Map
Интерактивная карта галактики с преферансом и аттракционами


Cuba is stunning! Arrived here last week ... it's hot, very hot ... but fascinating! Wonderful cars like the one above; incredible trees and plants; vibrant music; good food and lovely people. We saw this amazing car near the Botanical Garden in Havana and I thought the colour was appropriate for a brief blog entry today, as I put up just a few pictures of the Japanese garden.
Havana is an incredibly vibrant city - everywhere you go there are musicians playing in restaurants and bars. The Botanical Garden is a half-hour drive from the city centre and covers several hundred acres, divided into geographical regions and with many fine specimen trees, including more than 200 different types of palm.
Love the car. Have a great trip.
How exciting! Love the car and the garden. Can't wait to see more!
It looks beautiful! Also, your blog header photo is amazing!
Beautiful ... have always wanted to visit!
You are so lucky! We lived here during the Rocket Crisis and it Cuba is the beginning of my memories. Oh to go back!
That car certainly goes with your current blog style. I can see why you took to it. I'm not a formal garden fan. I run out of interest too quickly - but two hundred palms . . . that would be different.
Glad you are enjoying your Cuba visit.
That car is really cool! Look forward to seeing more pics, botanical gardens planted in the colonial period are usually amazing.


text:
Title: Understanding Public Perceptions of Different Options to Fund the Highway System
Authors: Nasser T. Albeiruti, Mehmet E. Ozbek, and Rebecca A. Atadero
University: Colorado State University
Keywords: financing, fuel taxes, highway user taxation, tolls
The purpose of this research was to generate an understanding of the public perceptions of different revenue generation systems that are already in use or that have the potential to be used in the future, and to educate the public on the different revenue generation systems. In addition, this study tested a number of hypotheses that were focused on finding relationships (correlations) between the choice of funding options to support the highway system in the United States and the demographic information.
A survey method was used to explore this topic. The survey instrument was sent to 15,945 people representing five states: Colorado, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming (Mountain-Plains Consortium states) via mail. Only 1,190 surveys were received, 27 were eliminated due to various issues, and 1,163 were posted as completed surveys, resulting in a response rate of 7.30%. Data analysis of the results consisted of performing descriptive and inferential statistics and running chi-square tests for correlation analysis.
The results of this survey indicate that the public in the states of Colorado, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming selected "increasing the federal gas tax that is collected at the time of purchase" as its first choice of funding option. The support for the use of highway tolling to fund the highway system was somewhat moderate among the population across the five states. The collection of additional sales taxes on all goods to fund the highway system was an unpopular funding mechanism among the population in the five states. Similarly, the support for the use of mileage-based user fees was disliked among the population in the five states.
This research is significant, as few studies have been done on understanding the public perceptions of different options to fund highway systems. Furthermore, the findings of this survey could be used by the lawmakers in the five states under study to make better decisions with respect to the alternative options of funding the highway system in their state based on the general public's perceptions in the state. Future research could be aimed to study the impact of the utilized option on each state with regard to its social, economic, and behavioral issues that could result from its implementation.
Albeiruti, Nasser T., Mehmet E. Ozbek, and Rebecca A. Atadero. Understanding Public Perceptions of Different Options to Fund the Highway System , MPC-15-300. North Dakota State University - Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute, Fargo: Mountain-Plains Consortium, 2015.


"Show me a salesperson who says they don't need a big pipeline because they have a high closing ratio and I'll show you a future customer service rep."
While size does matter, the quality of the pipeline is equally as important. There are many factors that go into developing a qualified prospect and by extension a solid pipeline. The one thing that doesn't change is the basic truth that the more qualified prospects you have in your pipeline, the less pressure there is on YOU for any one prospect to close. Why is this important? Let's take a look at our friend below.
If you sell for a living, you have quota. It doesn't matter if you sell computers, time shares, drugs or diamonds, someone has assigned you a required dollar amount to sell within a specified period of time. Our friend above has a quota and he has a problem.
Sending 3 emails a day asking if "there is anything else you need from me in order to make your decision".
Calling 3 times a day saying "my phone has been acting up so I was just calling to see if you had tried to leave a message".
Texting every time you are on the phone with another prospect to make sure that they know that if they call, you will "break away" to take "their" call.
The point of this story is that it is amazing what happens when you focus not on the destination, but the trip instead. Believe it or not, your sale is not the top priority of your prospect. Sometimes we just have to let nature take its course and let things play out. When you focus on navigating the highway rather than worrying about what the weather is going to be like at your final destination, you don't miss the wonderful opportunities for sight seeing along the way.


Common feed 19 December 2017 at 10:58amThe common feed displays chronologically all the artworks added by the artists.
Tony Brandstetter Urban abstract, unique display, love your bold in your face colors !
Michaela Sibi Fabulous urban abstract! Great colors!


Our goal is to convey a sense of satisfaction on the client through an eno-gastronomic journey of high level, with luxurious and cozy surroundings with large windows and a wonderful terrace where you must enjoy the most beautiful sunsets in the Pacific Ocean.
The style of cuisine that Restaurante Aboocato offers can be defined as "author". On a daily basis Paola and Andrea, both highly experienced chefs, organize next day's menu according to the main ingredients, based on freshness and quality to bring out the best flavors on all the dishes prepared.


It's been about a year since I really got into "Primal" eating and living and I am endlessly thankful that I did! It was a long road getting here, through years of all kinds of diets and nutrition styles, from classic vegetarian, to mostly macrobiotic, to raw vegan to omnivore and then to Primal. It's been so nice to try something and finally get results. My health isn't perfect, but it's vastly closer to perfect than it's been in my adult life. That's such a big deal to me!
Right now, I'm in the kitchen, listening to Luxuria Music (best music ever for cooking up a storm) and taking a procrastination break now that I've just finished my cranberry apricot sauce.
Tomorrow, hubby is on turkey duty. It's nice eating turkey after 16 years of no meat. Bring on the bird and the gravy!
I'm so thankful to have a number of Primal and Primal-friendly friends and family members, so I'm especially looking forward to this meal, which will have all kinds of goodies that I can eat and not suffer from, with the exception of the inevitable carbohydrate coma I'll be in. But, hey, it's Thanksgiving. There's NO way I'm staying lower carb! Not even going to try! I'll go back to being a good girl after the holiday.
I hope everyone of you enjoys the holiday and all that you have to be thankful for, even if it's just one little thing. One little thing is better than nothing!


Meaning and origin of the English baby name Kelvan. Meaning of Kelvan. What does Kelvan mean? Kelvan origin. Information about Kelvan.
Meaning of Kelvan: River man.
Meaning of Kelvan, Information about First Name Kelvan, English Origin Names, Choose babynames from thousunds of names data base from various regions and coutries.


Abstract Light and perception. Digital image formation. Image enhancement and feature extraction. Unitary transformations. Color and texture. Image segmentation and deformable shape matching. Motion extraction and tracking. 3D data extraction. Invariant features. Specific object recognition and object class recognition.
Objective Overview of the most important concepts of image formation, perception and analysis, and Computer Vision. Gaining own experience through practical computer and programming exercises.
Content The first part of the course starts off from an overview of existing and emerging applications that need computer vision. It shows that the realm of image processing is no longer restricted to the factory floor, but is entering several fields of our daily life. First it is investigated how the parameters of the electromagnetic waves are related to our perception. Also the interaction of light with matter is considered. The most important hardware components of technical vision systems, such as cameras, optical devices and illumination sources are discussed. The course then turns to the steps that are necessary to arrive at the discrete images that serve as input to algorithms. The next part describes necessary preprocessing steps of image analysis, that enhance image quality and/or detect specific features. Linear and non-linear filters are introduced for that purpose. The course will continue by analyzing procedures allowing to extract additional types of basic information from multiple images, with motion and depth as two important examples. The estimation of image velocities (optical flow) will get due attention and methods for object tracking will be presented. Several techniques are discussed to extract three-dimensional information about objects and scenes. Finally, approaches for the recognition of specific objects as well as object classes will be discussed and analyzed.
Basic concepts of mathematical analysis and linear algebra. The computer exercises are based on Linux and C.


At the Faculty of Engineering, we provide a stimulating and professional environment for our research students' making sure you're well supported every step of the way.
At Monash Engineering, all of our staff are committed to helping you achieve your goals. From the outset, academic staff are actively involved in your teaching and supervision. Our administrative staff look after the management of your studies. And our support staff are there to assist with your training, technical and language needs.
With our help, when you study for a research degree at Monash Engineering, you will gain more than just specialist knowledge in your chosen field. Our specially designed training seminars and special events will help you with your education, research and career goals, and you will build a whole range of valuable skills' not only in research, but also in analysis, project and time management.
Furthermore, while we encourage our research students to publish their findings during candidature, we don't expect you to do it alone. We provide seminars to guide you through publishing and presenting your research findings at national and international conferences.
Furthermore, students will be well supported among Monash University's thriving graduate community that includes 5,000 graduate research students, across multiple disciplines.
a recently refurbished and expanded library and resource centre, designed specifically for engineering studies.


A young artist of increasing prestige and reputation. He is known for his beautiful voice, warm, rich and clear, combined with dramatic ability.
He made his debut as Il Barone Scarpia in Verdi's Tosca in 2018 with Associazione di Tito Gobbi in Rome, where he received an award from Rai TV and Radio Vaticana for this role interpretation of Scarpia.
Leo graduated with distinction from Opera Course at Guildhall School of Music and Drama in London, where he was awarded The George and Charlotte Balfour Award. He was also invited to the Merola Opera Program in San Francisco Opera House twice.
Leo also performed in venues such as the Barbican Hall, the Brighton Festival, Bath Art Festival, Iford Arts Festival, Nevill Holt Opera and San Francisco Opera.
He recently released his first album 'Some Italian Evening' by Leo D'Oro which has been well received by the critics.
This sublime collection of fourteen classic Neopolitan songs includes much-loved favourites such as O Sole Mio (Eduardo Di Capua) and Core 'Ngrato (Stefano Cardillo) alongside other classics of the early twentieth-century Italian song repertoire by Renato Brogi, Enrico Cannio, Ernesto De Curtis, Stefano Donaudy and Salvatore Gambardella. It also includes the composer Ruggero Leoncavallo, most renowned for his opera I Pagliacci, with his beautiful aria Mattinata.
Opulently arranged for orchestra and sung with tenderness and passion, this recital is perfect for sultry nights or lazy mornings. Let yourself be carried away by the rich melodies, delight in the eloquent strings and revel in the wonderful vocal timbre of Leo D'Oro's beautiful singing.
Leo d'Oro Jerwood young artist 2012.
Come to see Leo d'Oro as Starik in this amazing Rachmaninoff Opera!
Dwa spektakle ALEKO Sergiusza Rachmaninowa w rezyserii Jacka Jabrzyka zaprezentowala licznej, wroclawskiej publicznosci Akademia Muzyczna. W Operze Wroclawskiej w roli solistów wystapili studenci dyplomanci Wydzialu Wokalnego, Orkiestra Symfoniczna pod dyrekcja Robertasa Servenikasa – dyrygenta goscinnego z Wilna oraz Chór "Feichtinum" Akademii Muzycznej. Zapraszamy wkrótce na szersza relacje z tego wydarzenia.
Leo d'Oro take to the Barbican stage before LSO concert with performances of complementary repertoire.
Tonight's concert features songs by Tchaikovsky & Mussorgsky.
Join Opera Lyrica on the 9th, 10th and 11th May at the 20th Century Theatre in Notting Hill, London for a revival of our most successful production to date – Così fan tutte.
Od 1994 roku odbywa sie on corocznie i jest to najwiekszy tego typu w Polsce przeglad najciekawszych dokonan teatrów muzycznych – krajowych i zagranicznych.
Bydgoskie Festiwale Operowe odbywaja sie w jednym z najnowoczesniej wyposazonych polskich teatrów muzycznych. Na pieknej, wielkiej scenie bydgoskiej Operze Nova swe doroczne spotkanie, wyznaczaja sobie wiosna teatry operowe z kraju i zespoly zagraniczne. Dwa festiwalowe tygodnie to czas spotkan twórców, ludzi kultury z entuzjastami róznorodnych gatunków muzycznych: opery, operetki, musicalu, baletu: klasycznego i nowoczesnego oraz znakomita forma promocji tych sztuk. Tradycja jest, iz pierwszy ze spektakli to premiera w wykonaniu "gospodarza", Opery Nova. Kolejne wieczory przeznaczamy na prezentacje zaproszonych Teatrów. Bydgoskie Festiwale Operowe finansowane sa ze srodków Urzedu Marszalkowskiego Województwa Kujawsko-Pomorskiego oraz Ministerstwa Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego. Festiwalowi towarzysza wystawy, przeglad filmów muzycznych na DVD, a takze ( od 2008 r.) wykonania oper kameralnych – artystyczne propozycje studentów polskich akademii muzycznych. Goraco zapraszamy do uczestnictwa w swiecie opery !
Leo d'Oro as Dulcamara, Sharpless and Figaro.
Donizetti's Francesca di Foix, a comic cautionary tale about the perils of being an overprotective husband.
Leo d'Oro sang an Alidoro's aria from Rossini's La Cenerentola, and it was a particular treat hearing Leo's young, pretty, pliable bass-baritone in music that is usually assigned to gruffer, older singers.
UK stage premiere of Donizetti's I pazzi per progetto a comic opera in which madness, misunderstandings and mistaken identity come to the fore. The production opens on 2 March and is directed by Martin Lloyd-Evans and conducted by Dominic Wheeler.
Donzetti's I pazzi per progetto, translated as 'Madmen by Design', has a neglected history, having been almost forgotten about for over 100 years from 1845 until a new revision was produced in 1977. The opera, with a libretto by Domenico Gilardoni, is a farce in one act which centres on the reunion of Norina and her remote military husband Blinval In this role Szymon Wach. The reunion takes place in a psychiatric hospital which is run by Norina's Uncle, Darlemont, and such a setting allows the two characters to alternately pose as crazy in order to find out the true feelings of each other. All of these ingredients result in a farce in its purest form.
Leo d'Oro was chosen one of 23 singers from over 1000 artists applying in 2014.
Leo will be singing the role of Leporello in San Francisco Merola Opera program production of Don Giovanni and Alidoro from Rossini's Cenerentola In Merola Grand Finale.
Merola Opera Program is a world-renowned opera training and performance program for promising young artists and closely associated with San Francisco Opera. Named for San Francisco Opera's first general director, Gaetano Merola, the Merola Opera Program began during the 1954-55 season and established its full training program in 1957.
Merola has served as a proving ground for hundreds of artists, including Brian Asawa, Gregory Carroll, Mark Delavan, Julianna Di Giacomo, Susan Graham, Thomas Hampson, Bryan Hymel, Gary Lakes, Joyce DiDonato, Sylvia McNair, Anna Netrebko, Patricia Racette, Kurt Streit, Fernando del valle, Patrick Summers, Ruth Ann Swenson, Jess Thomas, Riki Turofsky, Ricardo Bernal, Carol Vaness, Rolando Villazón, Deborah Voigt, and Dolora Zajick.
Leo d'Oro one of Jerwood young artist 2012!
Since 2005 Glyndebourne has increased its investment in developing young talent with the inauguration of the Jerwood Development Scheme.
This programme aims to provide training opportunities for the future soloists in Glyndebourne Opera Festival.
The singers work with leading conductors, directors, choreographers, theatre specialists and vocal coaches to enhance their skills and experience.
The scheme has been made possible through the generosity of the Jerwood Charitable Foundation.
Stage Director, Greg Eldridge; Musical Director, Rebecca Berkley; Producer, Rowena Robinson.
Musically and visually stunning, we think our November 2012 production of Macbeth was the first ever staged in West Berkshire.
In this production, we sought to oppose the forces of mankind – with their love of artificial power structures and the trinkets that symbolise them – with those of nature. Within the world of this production, still ancient Scottish in structure but updated in costume and appearance, the parallels between man and nature may be made as clear as those between the past and the present.
The Masterclass will be taking place in Teatr Wielki Opera Narodowa on 16. 05. 2011.
at 18.00 Everyone is invited!
Thank you all for such a great time!
Photography by Kristen Loken — at SF Opera House.
Originally intended for both television and stage, Britten's pacifist opera Owen Wingrave is presented by the Guildhall in a co-production with the Banff Centre, Canada, where it will receive its Canadian premiere with a cast of Guildhall singers in August 2013. Written at a time of US intervention in Vietnam, the opera raises political and social issues as well as domestic ones, and is one of Britten's most rarely performed operas.
Radziejowice 4 – 14 lipca 2010 roku.
Jesli wydaje sie nam, ze w studenckich przedstawieniach wieje nuda, a amatorszczyzna jest ich wspólnym mianownikiem trzeba natychmiast zreformowac poglady. Wprawdzie inscenizacje "Aleko" dokonana na scenie Opery Wroclawskiej silami kadry naukowej i studentów Akademii Muzycznej trudno nazwac w pelni udanym przedsiewzieciem, ale tez w operze Sergiusza Rachmaninowa zdarzyly sie momenty zaskakujaco barwne i dynamiczne.
Egzaminy dyplomowe studenci uczelni artystycznych zdaja co roku, glównie w formie aranzowanych przez uczelnie spektakli. Z reguly przychodza je obejrzec jedynie bliscy i znajomi. Ale do opery powinni takze zajrzec melomani i nie bez powodu. Zagranica podobne projekty przyciagaja agentów operowych, którzy uwaznie przygladaja sie mlodym spiewakom szukajac wsród nich talentów, w jakie warto zainwestowac czas i pieniadze. W Polsce takie praktyki naleza do rzadkosci, ale po spektaklu "Aleko" juz wiadomo, ze bas Leo d'Oro (partia Starego Cygana) to prawdziwy skarb, a umiejetnie rozwijany moze dac mu w najblizszej przyszlosci sukces.
Przedstawienie operowe przygotowane przez dyplomantów to takze okazja do konfrontacji z wyjatkowo rzadkim repertuarem. Teraz wystawiono slynna (choc w Polsce znana bardziej z przewodników operowych) jednoaktówke "Aleko" Sergiusza Rachmaninowa. W polowie kwietnia natomiast zobaczymy "Kserksesa" Georga Friedricha Händla. Kolejna rzadko prezentowana perla, tym razem barokowej spuscizny niemieckiego geniusza z Halle.
With its huge orchestral and choral resources, framing an ensemble of virtuosic principal roles and combined with theatrical demands including a puppet show, a funfair where unsuspecting boys are turned into circus donkeys and a touching reunion in the belly of a whale, Jonathan Dove and librettist Alasdair Middleton's version of Collodi's classic fairy tale represents one of the largest and most ambitious productions in recent years.
Commissioned by Opera North with Sadler's Wells Theatre, the opera received its world premiere in December 2007 to great acclaim and was revived in 2010, of which The Guardian wrote: 'by the end we are fully – even painfully – aware of the emotional and moral complexities that Pinocchio's transformation from puppet into "real boy" will entail'.
The wonderful journey through the Opera, love and its different aspects.
Leo d'Oro covering a few roles- Clerk, Student, Gentleman for the Royal Opera House production of The Nose.
An ominous love triangle sits at the heart of this marvellous opera. Riccardo is a popular 'people's premier'; Amelia is helplessly in love with him; Renato is Riccardo's loyal right-hand man – and also Amelia's husband. We are in the intense world of power politics, swirling with compelling counter currents. As we follow the dramatic storyline from conspiracy to clairvoyance and from love to loathing, intriguing themes and secondary characters emerge before the final sensational Masked Ball scene .
Verdi's music for Ballo in maschera, with the incandescent love duet at its core, is beautiful beyond description, expressing profound emotion yet always tuneful. As relevant today as the day it was written, the opera is Shakespearian in its scope and, though ultimately tragic, is also somehow shot through with humour and pervaded by a mysterious aura of gaiety.
IFORD ARTS presents Violetta's Party a concert curated and accompanied on piano by OLIVER GOOCH with a quartet of its current and future stars: ALINKA KOZARI, soprano, CHRISTOPHER TURNER, tenor; MARIANNE VIDAL, mezzo and LEO D' ORO baritone.
Website made by Fronteos.com Copyright by Leo d'Oro.


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World OutGames Miami Announces Initial Speakers for Global Human Rights Conference
By Compete Network
Come the end of May, approximately 10,000 participants from across the globe are expected in Miami, Florida to participate in the World OutGames to share in a 10-day program of sports, culture and human rights. From May 26 to June 4 this year's event offers 34 different sports and more than 450 events that span those three areas of interest.
An important focus of the OutGames that sets it apart from other LGBTQ international sports gatherings is its human rights emphasis, its determination to open people's minds with compelling and current insights about the LGBTQI community from global thought leaders. While it includes a large sports component, the three-day World OutGames human rights conferences are not restricted to sports issues, however.
In keeping with the theme for Miami's OutGames – ENERGIZE YOUR BODY, EXPAND YOUR HEART and IGNITE YOUR MIND – program tracks include: promoting inclusivity in sports; health and wellness; and global social justice. It was recently announced that the organization has joined forces with the International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights (IIREHR) in support of the World OutGames Global LGBTQI Human Rights Conference. Their support will aid in developing the exchange of ideas with distinguished panelists from around the world.
According to Ivan Cano, CEO of World OutGames Miami, "We are thrilled to have the support of the IIREHR whose generosity will help create an impactful conference as part of our 10-day event. We extend our appreciation to IIREHR Executive Director Carlos Quesada and his staff for their commitment to our efforts which will inspire, motivate and transform thousands of our athletes, participants and activists."
The IIREHR will provide two workshops at the Human Rights Conference in Miami Beach (Friday, May 26 through Sunday, May 28, 2017) and two plenary lunch speakers. Their support will make it possible to welcome 12 LGBTQI human rights activists from Latin America, the Caribbean and Cuba to the conference. "It is our privilege to show our support of this global event," said Quesada. "We look forward to a meaningful conference which can highlight challenges and pursue solutions for a unified world."
The first confirmed speakers are as follows:
Dr. Cecile Houry of Florida International University speaking on "American Women and the Modern Summer Olympic Games: A Story of Obstacles and Struggles for Participation and Equality" as part of the Promoting Inclusivity in Sports program track.
Speakers confirmed for the Global Social Justice program track include:
* Austin Bryan and Richard Lusimbo from Uganda representing Sexual Minorities Uganda (SMUG). They'll be speaking on "Politicization of Homosexuality in Uganda: Scapegoating Sexual and Gender Minorities."
* From the U.S. is Carlos Quesada of The International Institute on Race, Equality and Human Rights Country USA, leading a panel on "The Human Rights Situation of LGBTQI people in Latin America."
* Haven Herrin of the U.S., representing the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association (ILGA) North America, is speaking on "Fueling a Queer Religious Left at the Organization of American States."
* Justin Klecha of the U.S. is representing SAVE, South Florida's leading organization dedicated to protecting LGBT people against discrimination. He will lead "Prejudice Reduction Conversations to Decrease Anti-LGBT Prejudice: An Interactive Workshop on the Art and Science of Persuasion."
* Also speaking as part of the Health and Wellness program track is Marthe Djilo Kamga from Belgium.
Online registration at outgames.org is available now to participants and the registration package includes admission to the opening and closing ceremonies, access to OPEN sports and culture events, access to the Festival Village and much more.
In addition to the support of the IIREHR, World OutGames Miami is made possible through the support of the Florida Sports Foundation, Greater Miami Convention & Visitors Bureau, Miami Beach Visitor and Convention Authority and Miami Sports, Miami Dade County Department of Cultural Affairs Council, the City of Miami Beach, the Miami Dade County Mayor and Board of County Commissioners.
By Harry Andrew
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