Whimsical fantasy has an appeal all its own. That is why stories like Alice in Wonderland and The Wizard of Oz are eternal, and why The Neverending Story and Willow are still remembered despite their shortcomings. Enter Secret of Mana, a flawed game that nevertheless captured the hearts and minds of gamers all across the 16-bit era. So when Square announced a sequel in the works it was not surprising to see a throng of fans waiting for it to drop in the west.
This never happened. Some blamed Square for not ridding the game of its substantial bugs. Others pointed fingers at the game known as Secret of Evermore, stating that we got it instead of the true sequel ala FF Mystic Quest. There were even some Nintendo fans intriguing against Sony, saying that by 1995 they were already courting Square. Regardless of what really happened that fateful year, one thing is certain; The West lost out on one of the greatest gaming experiences ever put to a cartridge.
This is a journey that begins with you. Right off the bat you are asked to choose a main character and two sidekicks from a cast of six. From the Thief who can attack twice in a row to the Brawler that becomes a freaking WEREWOLF at night, each has their own unique play style which guarantees that everyone will have their favorite. Mine? That would have to be Duran the Warrior. I'm a traditionalist, what can I say?
Much less typical is the revelation that each main character you choose also has their own starting location! So Hawk begins in a desert town, Angela starts in a snowy magic castle, and Kevin originates in a kingdom of eternal night. Each scenario fleshes the character out and helps to establish the motivations of both the protagonists and antagonists. Thus it is well worth playing all of them just to see the full scope of the conflict.
After the individual openings, the stories begin to merge. Secret of Mana 2 begins in a world where magic is vanishing from the landscape, immediately setting up a much different geopolitical climate than the last game. In that adventure Mana was returning, with the effects culminating in an arms race to harness its power. In contrast, Secret Of Mana 2 opens to a world dealing with the disappearance of Mana from the world, inciting vulnerability and aggression throughout the various kingdoms. It's a novel way to flip the script and tell a very different kind of story, showing magic as a dangerous commodity, yet one that the people of this realm cannot live without.
It adds a lot of flavoring for one of the best ARPG combat engines in history. To call Secret of Mana 2 a RPG is really pushing it, as the game's real-time combat now has much more in common with a beat em up than your typical role playing game. Enemies are more numerous and hardy this time around and you can now attack as many times as you want for full damage. Gone are the days of waiting for your meter to charge in order to attack! In SoM2, the charge meter finds new purpose with the introduction of special attacks, some of which are well worth waiting for (guaranteed critical, room-clearer, ect.).
Adding to the combat options is the inclusion of the new class system, which enables each character to specialize in two different ways, thereby putting the player in full control of their play style. Do you want Duran to carry a shield as a knight, thereby allowing him to be more defensive, or use two-handed weapons as a gladiator for more devastating damage? I will not spoil any more but suffice to say, discovering the diverse classes and how they alter gameplay is as rewarding as discovering how different combinations of characters affect the challenge. Also of note is the level up system, which lets you select one attribute to boost each time. Though stat caps are limited based on the character, it's still a fine example of player choice while still differentiating characters enough to make them unique. All of this skyrockets Mana 2 's replay value, giving us the closest taste of the original Final Fantasy's open party system as we can get.
The ring system makes its return and has also been improved, allowing the player to carry more items and access the spell and tactics menu without as much confusion. This streamlining means that more players will discover the advantages of setting computer AI, and with the addition of more carrying capacity, spellcasting is finally viable as a game-long tactic! That said, it is still awkward equipping characters, and until one realizes that they can only equip the person they are playing as it can be quite frustrating.
Secret of Mana 2 even introduces a weekday system and a day/night cycle to shake things up. Different monsters and people appear during the day and night, so you will want to go through each area at least twice in order to see the full scope of the game. Each day of the week also coincides with the strengthening of one magical element, and should always be a consideration when tackling areas full of elemental enemies, or determining when to fight a powerful boss.
By now you must be asking "BUT DOES IT INCLUDE MULTIPLAYER?" The answer to this question is likely to relieve and also disappoint. You can still hook up a second controller with a friend or loved one and go through an amusing journey to save the world, but depending on how many want to join in you may be a buddy short. Secret Of Mana 2 only supports two players this time around (Though there is a 3 player support patch available). Another thing to consider is that while Mana 2 is not nearly as bad as the AI in the first game, there are still a few instances where players may find themselves trying to get their companions un-stuck.
In regards to graphical design, this game just might be the finest example on the system. Everything about this just screams excellence. Sprites are expressive and animate wonderfully and the bosses are towering, have multiple moving parts, and never recolor. The settings are colorful and full of detail and creativity ranging from a moonlit kingdom of forest & crystal to tropical islands full of mystery. But nothing tops the hand-drawn backgrounds that bring everything to life and give off a sense of scale that no other game comes close to achieving. Each hand-drawn background inspires, from the Heavenly Stairs showcasing the world below to the boss battle that takes place atop a flying dragon in the sky. I am rarely blown away by presentation, so consider this an impressive feat!
Less impacting is the sound design, which at its best is equal to its predecessor, but which falls flat in most regards. That is not to say that there are not beautiful tracks throughout the game, or that the tracks don't compliment the situations at hand, but Mana 2 relies far too much on a few key themes, never giving us the variation and consistency of the first. Still, what is there is quality, and this is a minor quibble.
This was the last Square game I played until my re-entry into the hobby spurred me to try Final Fantasy XIII, so for me Secret Of Mana 2 takes on a whole different kind of significance. It is the last photo of a world frozen in time; A world of whimsical fantasy, deliberate and measured humor, the triumph of art over power, and the idea of the player-centered universe in an RPG. And it was never localized for English speakers. A shame, because Secret Of Mana 2 tops the original in almost every way, and stands toe-to-toe with any action RPG on any system, old or current. It is an eternal reminder of what a studio can do when it is faced with limitations and fan feedback, two tools that helped Square hone Mana to a knifes edge. This is one yellow brick road that is worth treading time and time again.
Japanese exclusive video games, Ring system, Secret of Mana 2 review, Seiken Densetsu 3 Review, Square Soft RPG, Super Nintendo ARPG, Super Nintendo RPG, World of Mana. Bookmark.
What are the substantial bugs in this game Mongunzoo?
That last image after the conclusion has a fascinating color scheme and design. Thick and diverse foliage which represents a Japanese appreciation of nature. Is that image a part of the ending sequence?
No, it's part of the manual.
I'm even more excited for my playthrough now. I just have a few more titles to finish up first but this is at the top of the list.


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Le HMS Victory est un navire de ligne de  premier rang britannique à trois ponts et à trois-mâts voiles carrées.

Il est principalement connu comme le vaisseau de l'amiral Nelson lors de la bataille de Trafalgar (vaisseau amiral en second de l'état-major de la Marine, commandant en chef de l'amirauté). Il connut une succession de victoires à la tête de la flotte britannique entre 1778 et 1812.

Lancé en 1765 et désormais préservé en cale sèche, il est le plus ancien navire de guerre intact au monde. La frégate américaine , lancée en 1797, est quant à elle le plus ancien navire de guerre encore à flot.

Histoire du navire
Le HMS Victory est construit entre 1759 et 1765 au Chatham Dockyard, il est mis en réserve jusqu'en 1778.

En 1778, le HMS Victory devient le navire amiral d'Augustus Keppel, quand commence la guerre d'indépendance américaine en 1778 (bataille d'Ouessant de 1778).

En 1780, il subit une modification pour améliorer la résistance de sa coque contre les organismes marin: 3923 plaques de cuivre (17 tonnes au total) viennent recouvrir la base de la coque.

En 1781, le HMS Victory est le navire amiral de Richard Kempenfelt, lors de sa victoire à Ouessant la  (bataille d'Ouessant de 1781).

En 1782, le HMS Victory est le navire amiral de Richard Howe, basé à Gibraltar.

En 1792, le HMS Victory est le navire amiral de Samuel Hood, commandant en chef la flotte britannique en Méditerranée. En 1793, il occupe Toulon que lui ont livrée les royalistes et s'empare des vaisseaux français. Il doit cependant l'abandonner face au siège des troupes de Charles François Dumouriez. Il occupe brièvement la Corse livrée par Paoli mais échoue en raison des vents défavorables dans une tentative de reprise de Toulon début 1794. Critiqué sur la façon dont il a mené les opérations en Méditerranée, il est rappelé. Bien que promu amiral et vicomte en 1796 il n'exercera plus de commandement.En 1797, le HMS Victory est le navire amiral de John Jervis qui triomphe lors de la Bataille du cap Saint-Vincent le  en prenant l'avantage, grâce à sa maîtrise de la navigation, sur une armada largement supérieure en nombre. Lors de cette bataille, le commandant de la frégate Minerve, un certain Horatio Nelson s'illustre par sa tactique et son courage, mais aussi par sa désobéissance aux ordres, qui conduit toutefois à la prise brillante de 2 navires espagnols. Mais la destinée n'en avait pas encore fini avec Nelson…

Entre 1800 et 1803 le navire est en réparation.

En 1803, le HMS Victory reprend du service sous les ordres de l'amiral Horatio Nelson, commandant en chef la flotte britannique en Méditerranée. Il possède une nouvelle figure de proue (armoiries de Georges III) et de nouvelles couleurs : noir et jaune, celles que nous pouvons observer aujourd'hui.

, la bataille de Trafalgar offre une victoire britannique décisive sur la flotte franco-espagnole et devient une des batailles navales les plus importantes de l'histoire tant sur le plan historique et ses conséquences sur l'épopée napoléonienne, que sur le nombre de navires engagés. Nelson est tué par un tireur d'élite français.

De 1808 à 1812, le navire effectue diverses campagnes en Mer Baltique.

Après 1824, il est retiré du service actif et positionné à Portsmouth où il reçoit le titre symbolique de navire amiral de Portsmouth.

Le , il est placé en cale sèche à Portsmouth pour être préservé.

En 1928, le navire est ouvert au public par le roi George V.

En 1941, il est endommagé par une bombe allemande tombée entre la coque et le quai.

Aujourd'hui le HMS Victory est la pièce maitresse du Royal Naval Museum à Portsmouth.

Galerie photos : Le Victory à travers les âges

Gréement du Victory
Les 3 mâts du Victory gréés avec des voiles carrées permettaient le déploiement de 37 voiles. Malgré l'imposante voilure lui permettant d'atteindre une vitesse maximale entre 8 et 11 nœuds ( environ), un navire du gabarit du Victory ( pour  de long) reste peu manœuvrant et présente une vitesse moyenne lente. C'est pour cela qu'en dehors des batailles de ligne, c'étaient les frégates qui étaient le plus utilisées pour porter des messages ou escorter des convois. Elles étaient plus rapides et plus maniables, avec toutefois une bordée 3 fois inférieure à celle d'un vaisseau de  rang mais qui reste suffisamment fournie pour engager le feu.

Les hauteurs de travail sur voiles étaient vertigineuses. Le grand mât atteint la hauteur de . À chaque changement de manœuvre de voile, les gabiers du Victory devaient monter dans le gréement pour :
 Détacher les garcettes de ris (cordage d'accroche des voiles) pour déplier les voiles au vent, et les nouer pour éviter qu'elles ne s'emmêlent.
 Diminuer les voiles ( = prendre un ris)  avec les garcettes de ris pour diminuer leur surface offerte aux vents ou les attacher aux vergues (les carguer) avec des rabants pour fermer complètement leur prise au vent.

Armement du Victory

L'artillerie navale du Victory est composée d'une série de canons de calibre identique par pont. Les canons les plus lourds sont placés les plus bas, pour optimiser la stabilité du navire :

 Pour la batterie inférieure de 30 canons de 32 livres, chacune de ces pièces pèse  ( pour le canon lui-même et  pour son affût en bois). Ils tirent des boulets de 32 livres soit . Propulsés par  de poudre, ils sortent du canon deux mètres au-dessus de l'eau à une vitesse de  par seconde pour atteindre une distance de  mètres et pénétrer le chêne sur  à bout portant, il était extrêmement rare de voir un boulet traverser une coque, en revanche le choc détachait de longues échardes de bois qui voltigeaient et causaient des sérieuses blessures à l'équipage.
 La batterie moyenne est constituée de 28 canons de 24 livres. Chaque canon pèse .
 La batterie supérieure comporte 22 canons longs de 12 livres et 8 canons courts de 12 livres.
 Sur le pont de quart, dans le gaillard d'arrière, une batterie plus légère est formée par 12 canons courts de 12 livres.
 2 caronades de 12 livres et 2 de caronades 68 livres situées sur le gaillard d'avant à bâbord et à tribord projetant de la mitraille à courte portée.
Des canons à l'arrière ou à l'avant pouvaient être orientés pour tirer sur les navires ennemis « qui ont pris chasse » c'est-à-dire poursuivant le navire (pièce de retraite) ou qui étaient pris en chasse (pièce de chasse).

Une partie de ces canons étaient mis en place dans les appartements des officiers dans la poupe, lorsque le navire entrait en ordre de bataille. En ordre de bataille tout l'équipage était sollicité et affecté à une tâche très précise : manœuvre du navire, manœuvre des canons, approvisionnement en poudre et munitions, tir au mousquet, soins...

Il fallait en moyenne une minute et demie aux servants d'un canon pour le recharger. Des cales permettaient de régler la hauteur de ceux-ci en fonction de la cible.

Il y avait plusieurs types de munitions :
 Boulet plein rond : dommages structurels pour couler le navire et dommages aux hommes par éclats de bois de la coque au niveau des ponts d'artillerie.
 Boulet à chaînes : dommages aux cordages et voiles pour immobiliser le navire.
 Boulet à barres ; dommages aux mâts et aux vergues pour immobiliser le navire.
 Mitraille ou grappes de raisin : dommages aux hommes sur le pont supérieur. Il s'agissait de petites billes de métal utilisées généralement dans des canons courts ou des caronades.
Un vaisseau était cher et long à construire ; aussi le principal objectif n'était pas de les couler mais d'immobiliser les vaisseaux ennemis afin de les capturer. L'équipage recevait une partie de la prise.

Galerie photo : L'armement du HMS Victory

Vie à bord

Equipage

L'équipage du HMS Victory comportait de nombreuses nationalités à bord et se divisait comme suit (lors de la bataille de Trafalgar) :
 L'amiral Horatio Nelson (Commandant de flotte)
 Le capitaine du navire Thomas Hardy
 9 officiers
 48 sous-officiers non assignés :
 Maitre : commande les bosco et matelots, responsable de la navigation
 Bosco (bossman, boatswain ou bosun en anglais) : Maître d'équipage chez les manœuvriers, commande les matelots
 Commissaire du bord (intendant et administrateur du navire)
 Chirurgien de marine
 Artisans de marine : charpentier de marine, artificier...
 Cuisinier de marine
 22 aspirants / cadets (élèves officiers)
 479 matelots :
 80 maistrance (sous-officier marins)
 204 marins confirmés
 195 marins ordinaires
 90 terriens (sur les navires de cette époque, c'étaient des hommes embauchés à bord qui n'avaient pas de connaissances maritimes et qui aidaient aux tâches ordinaires ou de navigation sous la responsabilité de matelots ou d'un bosco)
 40 mousses (souvent des enfants ou des adolescents enrôlés comme les terriens pour aider à la marche du navire)
 des soldats non marins embarqués appelés "troupes de marine" qui tiraient au mousquet depuis le pont et les gréements sur les navires ennemis ou composaient des troupes aguerries au combat en cas d'abordage :
 4 officiers de marine
 149 marines

Logement à bord

Quartier des matelots
Comme sur la majorité des autres navires de guerre de l'époque, les conditions de logement à bord étaient spartiates. Près de 500 membres de l'équipage étaient logés dans la batterie inférieure (pont le plus bas au-dessus de la ligne de flottaison portant les canons de 32 livres). Comme les écoutilles des canons étaient maintenues fermées, les ponts inférieurs étaient humides, sombres et malodorants. Les marins dormaient dans des hamacs de  de large, suspendus à des crochets. Les hamacs étaient décrochés quand ils ne servaient pas et étaient rangés dans des filets sur la rambarde du pont supérieur. Ils servaient de protections contre les balles durant les combats et de bouée de sauvetage en cas de chute en mer.
90 tables étaient dressées entre les canons où prenait place un "mess" de 4 à 8 hommes.

Les lieux de vie n'étant pas suffisamment grands pour tous les marins, ils n'étaient occupés que par le quart qui n'était pas de service.

Quartier des officiers
Les cabines de poupe où logeaient les officiers étaient à l'opposé des logements des matelots. Les cabines s'étendaient sur 3 niveaux, vastes, luxueuses et lumineuses. Le Capitaine Hardy logeait au dernier étage, l'amiral Nelson au milieu et les officiers au premier niveau avaient des cabines luxueuses mais collectives. En ordre de bataille, ces logements étaient réquisitionnés : le mobilier et les cloisons intérieures étaient déplacés et remplacés par des canons (dans les batailles de navires de ligne, la supériorité était en partie liée à la capacité de tir de chaque bordée de canons).

Repas

Un énorme foyer en fonte, entouré de briques, au centre du gaillard d'avant, permettait de préparer les repas de plus de 800 hommes trois fois par jour. Nourriture et boissons étaient fournis à profusion sur le Victory, mais peu variées. Il y avait trois repas par jour :
 le petit déjeuner comprenait une bouillie froide de flocons d'avoine appelé « burgoo » et une boisson constituée d'eau chaude et de biscuits écrasés appelée « thé écossais » ;
 le dîner, désignant à cette époque le repas de midi, comportait de la viande salée cuisinée en ragoût avec des légumes secs ;
 le souper comportait des biscuits avec du beurre et du fromage.
Le tout était agrémenté d'une demi-pinte de rhum dilué par jour et  de tabac par mois.

Pour prévenir du scorbut, le navire se réapprovisionnait en légumes frais et en viandes dès que c'était possible. Dans le cas contraire du jus de citron vert était servi. Il n'était pas rare sur ce type de navire, que des moutons, des poules mais aussi une vache soit emmenés à bord vivants et parqués. Ces animaux fournissaient de la viande fraîche et du lait frais aux rares privilégiés qui en avaient le droit (officiers supérieurs, malades...).

En cas de longue course en mer, les aliments s'avariaient (moisissure, charançons...) et l'eau croupissait. Les marins avaient alors droit à de l'alcool ( de bière ou  de vin ou un quart de litre de rhum par jour).

Les officiers avaient un repas différent des marins qu'ils prenaient dans le carré des officiers où ils avaient droit à un régime de faveur.

Les tâcherons à bord
Pour les opérations lourdes sur le Victory, 200 hommes pouvaient actionner un cabestan monstre, à raison de 10 hommes par barre du cabestan. Il servait à remonter chacune des 4 ancres géantes, à la manœuvre de certaines voiles ou le chargement du navire. C'étaient bien entendu les tâches réservées aux marins les moins expérimentés et aux terriens.

Une autre tâche laborieuse était le réapprovisionnement et le débarquement / embarquement des troupes et équipage sur le navire. Au , beaucoup de ports ou de zones de mouillage ne permettaient pas une mise à quai du navire, surtout pour des navires avec le gabarit du Victory. Le bateau mouillait alors en mer, devant la côte ou devant le port. Des chaloupes assuraient alors les va-et-vient des troupes et de matériels avec la terre.

Le HMS Victory Cutter 1 est une réplique de cotre de  similaire à celui utilisé par le HMS Victory. Il est manœuvré, soit à la rame par six hommes, soit avec deux voiles auriques.

À fond de cale
La cale est le magasin principal du navire, elle est le pont le plus bas du navire sous la ligne de flottaison. C'est pour cette raison que l'on y stockait la poudre dans une subdivision de la cale dans l'étrave appelée : « La Grande Soute » isolée du reste navire. On accédait à la grande soute par une seule écoutille très surveillée. La grande soute était encore divisée en 3 salles séparées où toutes les pièces de métal (cercles de tonneaux, gonds de portes, pelles de manutention...) étaient en cuivre, en effet si une étincelle survenait, les soutes à poudre abritaient l'équivalent de  de TNT :
 La soute aux poudres renfermait les réserves de poudre noire :  de poudre dans 784 tonneaux de 100 livres entrelacés de peaux de cuirs pour éviter la friction. Vous l'aurez compris, on prenait soin de la poudre. Pour la seule bataille de Trafalgar,  ont été utilisées. Cette cale était blindée en cuivre pour protéger des projectiles éventuels et des rats. Du charbon était étalé sous le plancher pour absorber l'humidité : l'autre ennemie de la poudre après les étincelles.
 La soute aux cartouches est la salle où étaient préparées les cartouches. Une trémie de poudre alimentait ce petit atelier où les cartouches étaient confectionnées et stockées dans des râteliers. Le pont était plombé et les cloisons cuivrées pour prendre garde de toute étincelle. Durant les batailles, une chaîne humaine assurait l'acheminement des coffrets de cartouches vides et le renvoi des coffrets pleins.
 La salle des feux accueillait un foyer continu qui assurait la veille des lanternes. En ordre de bataille, c'est le capitaine d'armes et le cuisinier qui étaient chargés de cette zone.

Le reste de la cale accueille à sa base  de ballast composé de  de gueuses (lingots de fonte de  environ), de galets, des réserves de vivres et  de boulets de canon en réserve. Les galets présents dans la cale avaient une fonction multiple :
 Ils étaient aisément déplaçables : cela permettait de rééquilibrer facilement le navire (l'assiette dans l'axe du navire et la gite de bâbord à tribord) en fonction de la charge et des besoins de navigation.
 Ils permettaient de caler les réserves.
Les réserves en vivres assuraient une autonomie de 6 mois de navigation. Elles étaient constituées :
 de tonneaux de poisson, porc, bœuf salé, beurre et fromages,
 de tonneaux d'eau,
 de sacs de biscuits, d'avoine et de légumes secs,
 de tonneaux de bière, de vin et de rhum ou d'autres alcools forts séparés et stockés à l'arrière, gardés en permanence par une sentinelle.

Le faux-pont
Au-dessus de la cale se trouvait un autre niveau de magasin : le faux pont. Situé aussi sous la ligne de flottaison (partiellement protégé du feu ennemi), il servait :
 de soute secondaire de stockage de poudre pour les canons de 12 et 24 livres
 d'infirmerie d'urgence et salle d'opération pendant les combats.
 de stockage des voiles et cordages
 de magasin-atelier du menuisier, canonnier et maitre d'équipage
 de logement du médecin, commissaire, agent aux vivres et serviteurs du capitaine
 de réfectoire des aspirants

Au rythme du quart
La barre du Victory est placée sous la dunette à l'arrière du navire. La barre est reliée aux commandes du gouvernail par des systèmes de poulies et des cordages qui traversent les ponts inférieurs. C'est ici que se relayaient toutes les 4 heures les "maîtres" chargés de la navigation. Le navire avançait jour et nuit, il y avait 6 quarts par tranche de 24 h :
 0-4 h du matin
 4-8h du matin
 8h-midi
 12-16h
 16-20h
 20h-Minuit
L'équipe de quart avait la responsabilité de la navigation mais également de la veille météo, de la surveillance d'autres navires en vue ou d'obstacles éventuels ainsi que de la cloche de quart. Sur le Victory, comme sur les autres navires de la même époque, la cloche de quart est l'une des pièces les plus symboliques. Elle rythmait la vie à bord des navires toutes les demi-heures jour et nuit, un coup par demi-heure, deux coups brefs par heure :
 Première demi-heure du quart : 1 coup
 Première heure du quart : 2 coups brefs
 1h et demi : 2 coups brefs + 1 coup
 2h : 2 coups brefs + 2 coups brefs
 2h et demi : 2 coups brefs + 2 coups brefs + 1 coup
 3h : 2 coups brefs + 2 coups brefs + 2 coups brefs
 3h et demi : 2 coups brefs +  2 coups brefs + 2 coups brefs + 1 coup
 4h : 2 coups brefs + 2 coups brefs + 2 coups brefs + 2 coups brefs.
Ce signal annonçait le changement de quart et le cycle de sonneries reprenait.

Anecdotes

"L'Angleterre attend que chaque homme fasse son devoir"

Ces mots résonnent pour les Anglais comme un « appel du 18 juin ». Il s'agit d'un célèbre message que donna l'amiral Nelson par fanions, depuis le HMS Victory, avant de livrer bataille à Trafalgar. En commémoration, chaque  de chaque année, le message de Nelson flotte sur le Victory.

Là où tomba l'amiral

Une plaque commémorative sur le pont du navire, rappelle l'endroit où Nelson a été mortellement blessé par un franc-tireur français. Cette plaque illustre l'admiration que le peuple britannique voue à l'amiral Nelson.

À l'approche de la Bataille de Trafalgar, le capitaine du Victory, Thomas Hardy suggère à Nelson de supprimer les décorations sur sa veste, de sorte qu'il ne soit pas facilement identifié par des tireurs d'élite ennemis. Nelson répond qu'il est trop tard pour changer de vêtements, ajoutant que les décorations sont des médailles militaires et qu'il n'a pas peur de les montrer à l'ennemi. Alors que Le Victory engage le combat avec le vaisseau amiral français Le Bucentaure. Le Victory est pris pour cible par le Redoutable et le navire amiral espagnol Santísima Trinidad.

Peu de temps après treize heures, le capitaine du Victory, Hardy se rend compte que Nelson n'est plus à ses côtés. Il se retourne pour voir Nelson à genoux sur le pont, s'appuyant sur sa main, avant de tomber sur le flanc. Hardy se précipite vers lui et Nelson sourit, en disant « Hardy, je pense qu'ils ont enfin réussi… ma colonne vertébrale est touchée ». Il avait été touché par un tireur d'élite du Redoutable. La balle a pénétré son épaule gauche, transpercé son poumon et la colonne vertébrale avant de s'immobiliser dans les muscles dorsaux à cinq centimètres au-dessous de l'omoplate droite. Nelson est transporté au pont inférieur par deux marins et un officier avec un mouchoir sur son visage pour éviter de démoraliser les membres de l'équipage. Il agonise 3h et meurt à 16h30.

Pour respecter le souhait de Nelson d'être enterré, contrairement à la coutume des marins d'être jeté à la mer, et afin de conserver le corps de Nelson, William Beatty propose de le placer dans un tonneau d'eau-de-vie, mélangé avec du camphre et de la myrrhe. Le tonneau est ensuite attaché au mât principal du Victory et placé sous bonne garde. Endommagé, le Victory est remorqué après la bataille vers Gibraltar et à son arrivée, le corps est transféré dans un cercueil doublé de plomb rempli d'eau-de-vie de vin.

Le cercueil de Nelson est renvoyé en Grande-Bretagne à bord du Victory. Déchargé au Nore, il est emmené à Greenwich et placé dans un cercueil de bois, fait à partir du mât de L'Orient qui avait été récupéré après la bataille d'Aboukir. Il reste trois jours, avant d'être remonté sur la Tamise à bord d'une barge, accompagné par Lord Hood, Peter Parker et le Prince de Galles George IV. Le jour suivant, le , un cortège funèbre composé de trente-deux amiraux, d'une centaine de capitaines et d'environ  prend le cercueil de l'Amirauté pour l'emmener à la cathédrale Saint-Paul.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie

Articles connexes
 Navire musée
 Bataille de Trafalgar
 Royal Naval Museum
 Amiral Nelson

Liens externes

En français
 HMS Victory

En anglais
  Site officiel du HMS Victory
   HMS Victory - Site de Heinrich Siemers avec beaucoup de détails techniques et historiques.
 Musée de la Royal Navy à Portsmouth : http://www.nmrn-portsmouth.org.uk
 Site de la Royal Navy — The Fleet – HMS Victory
 Article illustré du HMS Victory.

Trois-mâts carré
Grand voilier
Vieux gréement
Navire musée au Royaume-Uni
Bateau lancé en 1765
Navire de ligne de premier rang de la Royal Navy
Horatio Nelson
Navire construit à Chatham (Kent)
Navire amiral
National Historic Fleet

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Establishing New Models of Human Rights: Creating Clean Places to Live
Jennifer Baljko, Barcelona.
24 April 2016 Bangkok to Barcelona on foot, Essay, People & Communities, Place & DesignAsia, Livability, Pollution, Transportation, WasteJennifer Baljko
Many voices. Greener cities. Better cities.
A Burmese man surprises me with a question, an idea that will make my thoughts race for weeks.
"They talk about human rights abuses and political prisoners and all of these things. Yes, these things are important," the man says, referring to the collective, unknown "they" who create the rules of the game to which we all are universally expected to conform.
Providing clean places to live requires thoughtful consideration of how a country's development can justly incorporate nature and ecosystem diversity while creating prosperity and improving the quality of life of its citizens.
"But, I see people from my own country open their car windows and throw their trash onto the road, and I think how wrong that is," he continues. "Isn't it a basic human right to live in a clean place?"
It's a rare moment when we encounter a thought so profound. Walking in Myanmar, also known as Myanmar/Burma, our conversations with locals often are limited by language barriers and usually center on answering two frequent questions: "Where do you go? and "What is your country?"
Now, by chance, we're afforded an opportunity to explore, at least momentarily, a line of thought that is particularly interesting in this time and place.
The country, long closed off and operated under military rule, is today filled with the promise, hope, and skepticism of what lies ahead. Recent elections and shifts in political power bring with them a laundry list of challenges, opportunities, priorities, and perspectives about how to move from "what was" to "what could be."
The question hanging in the air gives me pause, and I find myself nodding in agreement. "Living in a clean place should be a basic human right," I say, convinced that there is truth in the concept. "But how do you create that? How do you stop people from throwing trash out of the window?"
We mull it over for a while, and shrug our shoulders. The conversation becomes too hard and finding words we both understand too difficult.
The street view
Still, weeks go by and the question stays on my mind. We have walked about 900 kilometers from Myawaddy to Bagan, and have seen things normal travelers in cars and buses generally miss.
We have seen, for instance, signs of what many people would consider economic progress. Hundreds of kilometers of road widening projects, where, sadly, dozens and dozens (if not hundreds) of century-old or older trees are being chopped down so that an increasing number of trucks can deliver products to a new market of eager consumers.
In other areas, family-based sustenance farming appears to have been replaced with vast stretches of rubber tree plantations, commercial agriculture, and a growing number of stone-grinding, gravel-making businesses. Posters advertising a handful of cement makers appeal to individuals who have enough cash on hand to renovate their homes or build new ones from scratch. And, there is notable investment in irrigation canals and water management systems in some regions, especially where rice paddies stretch to the horizon.
Socially, too, there seems to be an air of unprecedented personal freedom waiting to take hold. Mobile phone shops selling smartphones, SIM cards, accessories, and Internet data plans occupy significant amounts of many cities' retail space and promote the joys of 3G connectivity. People are falling in love with Facebook, and the selfie is all the rage. Although still a conservative culture steeped in Buddhist traditions, there is an obvious rebellion going on in Myanmar/Burma; you only have to look at the teenagers to find it. Spiky mullets of blue, blonde, red, and pink dyed hair and arms and backs painted with tattoos make me think of young people in London, San Francisco, and New York.
There is, too, the obvious trend for capitalist-fueled consumerism. Brands from the U.S., Japan, Korea, Thailand, and China are winning greater amounts of shelf space in local shops, and more well known companies are waiting for the green light to be here.
The downside of this upselling of stuff that people want, but may not need, comes in the shape of litter scattered almost everywhere. Plastic bags, styrofoam containers, cans, bottles, wrappers, and paper are tossed alongside roads, piled at the edge of towns, and float in waterways. We see people sweeping outside their front doors, but very few cities or towns have trash bins set up in clear view. Burning trash in the front yards appears to be the way to manage waste.
Creating a new standard
It's heartbreaking to see so much trash in such a beautiful country filled with some of the nicest people we've met so far. The idea of living in a clean place and having that be part of the basic human rights we ought to hold dear keeps swirling around my head.
The man's question, raised during a conversation between strangers who will never know each other's names, appears to be simple on the surface. But when you scratch at it, it is a complex issue that gets to the root of economic, social, global, and urban development.
A clean place to live, whether in urban or rural areas, implies a certain level of social commitment to change behaviors, establish discipline among citizens, and work for the common good. It requires public and private investments for balancing consumption and waste management, and a progressive plan to control and reduce land, water, and air contamination. Providing clean places to live requires thoughtful consideration of how a country's development can justly incorporate nature and ecosystem diversity while creating prosperity and improving the quality of life of its citizens, who are on the edge of embracing globalization.
Unfortunately, promoting clean places to live may rank low on the list of priorities of countries opening themselves up to new standards of approval in the world community. Developed nations and worldwide organizations will demand countries such as Myanmar/Burma to address the significant issues of human rights abuses, peacekeeping initiatives to stop ethnic fighting, gender equality, fair labor, and basic health and safety education. Countries that meet these gold-star standards win grants, humanitarian aid, trade deals and concessions, and an incredible amount of international support, making the stakes high for developing countries to meet these criteria.
Also, of course, those issues are important and need to be center-stage because of the sheer number of lives they affect.
However, there should be room somewhere on the agenda to tackle these other issues, currently low on the international agenda. Waste management, ecosystem diversity, and environmental awareness are actually not small issues. Having a clean place to live results from the formation of safe, sustainable, and resilient communities and feeds a cycle of well-being people will value—ideals that, arguably, many communities in the "developed" world have yet to attain.
Perhaps, as national governments of developing countries focus on the prescribed criteria for playing catch up in a globally-connected world, the notion of creating clean places to live and visualizing that as a basic human right must (and should) reside at the city level.
As more people everywhere cluster into cities, urban governments will see the problems stemming from weak waste management, ecosystem diversity, and environmental awareness escalate, and will have to adapt first-line approaches to dealing with them. Like it or not, the upsides and downsides of development and globalization will fall on the shoulders of city entities; thinking ahead and planning for that responsibility is worth doing proactively.
With that, I'm holding out hope that city leaders in Myanmar understand the important role they play in "what could be" during this pivotal point in the country's development. From a traveler's and walker's point of view, cities show the different faces of a nation, and I like to picture myself strolling by, admiring clean streets, parks, and public places instead of stepping over cans people threw from their car windows.
Jenn Baljko
See more about the trip here.
Jennifer Baljko
Jennifer Baljko is an avid traveler, longtime walker and a lifetime learner. She's a city dweller who recently became a tree hugger (literally, she throws her arms around trees and hugs them), but feels at home almost anywhere.
Jennifer Baljko is an avid traveler, longtime walker and a lifetime learner. She's a city dweller who recently became a tree hugger (literally, she throws her arms around trees and hugs them), but feels at home almost anywhere. She is blogging about her latest trip at bangkokbarcelonaonfoot.com. View all posts by Jennifer Baljko →
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Youth Discovery Ventures aims to inspire young people to become 'Something more than ordinary' through innovative participation projects that engage young people in a journey of learning and discovery, providing them with a better understanding of themselves and the world that they are a part of.
This is a space for youth to share inspiration, information, and opportunities for involvement with global impact.
youth has engaged 1 people!


I'm always on the lookout for interesting pen cups, pen holders, pen rests and pen stands to display my own collection of pens. Often, I'm happiest to find something that didn't start out its life designed for one of those purposes! When I came across the item below, I immediately saw the possibilities and whipped out the pen in my pocket (it happened to be a Sheaffer Crest), and eureka!, the Famous Animal Trio Pen Stand was born.
The photos above show the rabbits holding a Sheaffer Legacy 2, while the ducks embrace a Hero Agate Flakes pen in the accompanying plastic tube. Apparently, these tubes are used to measure rainfall if ever placed outdoors, and serve their *real* purpose :-) of keeping a pen standing up straight if so desired. One is included with each stand, and can be used to hold a pen or not (I personally prefer the angled look).
Each version has three of the little critters holding paws/wings...err...appendages in slightly different positions, and all seem to be extremely happy to help in their task.


text:
Q: Ensuring fail-safety of an Apache server I have a few Wordpress websites running on Apache 2.4.7 / Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS. It is a virtual machine running on Microsoft Azure. The websites are using a MySQL server also running on the same machine. From time to time, the websites become unresponsive and the Apache needs to be restarted. Investigating the error log (/var/log/apache2/error.log) reveals the following error:
[mpm_prefork:error] [pid 5761] AH00161: server reached MaxRequestWorkers setting, consider raising the MaxRequestWorkers setting

Here are the contents of the Apache configuration file (/etc/apache2/mods-enabled/mpm_prefork.conf)
<IfModule mpm_prefork_module>
        StartServers             5
        MinSpareServers          5
        MaxSpareServers          10
        MaxRequestWorkers        256
        MaxConnectionsPerChild   1000
</IfModule>

I have raised the MaxRequestWorkers to the maximum number allowed (256), but it still keeps happening. I have tried changing the setting of MaxConnectionsPerChild, but it doesn't seem to have any effect either. Sometimes the sites run just fine for weeks, sometimes Apache goes down in a day. Occasionally, MySQL process also stops working and needs to be restarted.
What else should I be checking?
We occasionally do get a bit heavier load of requests to the websites - could this cause the issue? More importantly, though, does this immediately mean we either need to have memory available or the web server will crash? i.e. is there anything to do to ensure fail-safety, no matter how many requests the web server gets?

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What's a Days Inn Roosevelt Boulevard Room Include?
The Days Inn Roosevelt Boulevard offers standard rooms with one king or two double beds. Rooms are equipped with free Wi-Fi so you can keep up with the latest events on your laptop, tablet, or smartphone without maxing out your data plan. Cable television with extended channels offers entertainment for a relaxing evening in. An in-room coffee maker makes it easy to perk up in the morning. Hot tub suites are available as well.
A continental breakfast offers a bright start to any day at the Days Inn Roosevelt Boulevard. Though the offerings aren't extensive, they will fill you up and can add value to your stay if you're on a strict budget. USA Today newspapers are free so you can keep up with events. Parking is complimentary and the front desk is staffed 24 hours a day so there's always someone on hand to help meet your needs.
If you're searching for the cheapest hotels in Philadelphia, the Days Inn Roosevelt Boulevard will top the list. Average nightly rates are between $78 and $83 USD. Competitors like the Days Inn and Suites Cherry Hill and America's Best Value Inn Cherry Hill are moderately cheaper. However, chains like the Holiday Inn Express Philadelphia E – Penns Landing are nearly twice as expensive, putting this Days Inn near the bottom of the local price range.
The Day Inn Roosevelt Boulevard offers basic amenities and on-site conveniences while maintaining a low price point. If you're looking for a cheap hotel in the Philadelphia area and don't need many extra amenities, this is a budget friendly option that will fit into nearly any traveler's budget. The continental breakfast adds value to this affordable choice.
"Close to temple" "Near city center"
"Creepy security officer" "Unfriendly staff"
"Bath towels were tiny" "Very small iron board"
"No hot food" "No dining area"
92% found the side dishes unedible.
"Stained rug" "Walls were dirty"
"Minimal continental breakfast" "Dry cereal"
"None smoking rooms" "Hallway dreary"
For 82%, the lobby entrance was sub-standard.


Please keep Wally in your prayers. He is currently hospitalized with pneumonia. Thank you.
Throughout North America, MGF missionaries are on the front line serving where God has called them. Your prayers are vital to the ministry.


We've been living in the flat now since 2011 and every year, it seems to get smaller and smaller, or we just cling on to more and more stuff. Now there's 3 of us and Millie's toys take up 50% of the living room, 50% of the bathroom and she doesn't have enough room for her teddies let alone clothes in the bedroom, we need to start looking for a house. Unfortunately for us, we're in no position at the moment to get a mortgage so we'll continue to rent but with renting comes the purchase of all those house hold appliances, the boring stuff that you need but don't want. I'd much rather spend £150 on new clothes than a washing machine, wouldn't you?
One of the benefits we've had here at the flat is that if any of our appliances have broken, it's the landlords duty to get them fixed so it's saving us money in the long run but there comes a time that you wish you had your own dishwasher or fridge. Something that you know is yours! We already have a few bits: kettle, microwave, slow cooker, blender, Tassimo machine but I know that when we move out I want to get a new Microwave, one of those schmancy ones that look like you can cook a chicken in (obviously, would never advice doing that...), a Kitchen Aid - just to bake cakes all day long, a new washer/dryer just because the one in the flat now is literally on it's last legs, literally. The door is hanging off, it's that bad! And lastly, a Bread maker! There's nothing better than waking up and smelling freshly baked bread - I miss that from living at home!
I think that once Christmas is over and done with, we'll definitely start looking at buying appliances to go into the house and then at least when we do look to buy our own, we'll have everything that we need ready and waiting to go!
What did you do when you moved house? Did you buy everything in one go or buy bits before you moved?
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"Those from among you shall build the old waste places. You shall raise up the foundations of many generations; you shall be called The Repairer of the Breach, the Restorer of Paths to dwell in."
Be partakers with us and partner in the HARVEST!
The HARVEST is happening RIGHT NOW in Israel.Let's play our part!
Jerusalem Descending is a ministry founded by Mike and Helen Lambert that is committed to the HARVEST in the land of Israel. In 1974, God began to speak to Mike Lambert out of the book of Ezekiel that they were called as WATCHMEN for the House of Israel – both the literal nation of Israel and the church. Since that time, Mike and Helen Lambert have spent fourteen years in the nation of Israel and have traveled all over the world ministering to the church in many nations. They have taken the good news of Yeshua (Jesus) and His restoring power wherever they have gone. Yeshua said He would restore the nation of Israel to the LAND, bring a spiritual restoration of the Jewish people to their Messiah, and that He would restore the church to the gifts and power of the Holy Spirit throughout the earth. God has done it, is doing it, and will continue to do it. The ultimate culmination at the end of times is the new JERUSALEM DESCENDING from above. Now is the time for the Lambert family to be reapers in the HARVEST that they have sown in the LAND for so many decades.
Mike and Helen Lambert have been watchman for the Church and Israel for decades. They have ministered in the nations of England, Scotland, Germany, Switzerland, Romania, Mexico, Iceland, Lebanon, Egypt, Cyprus, and the Far East – Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Korea, Singapore with the GOOD NEWS of Jesus. These beautiful servants of God have been plowers and sowers in the land of Israel – from their early days in Kibbutz Einat, living in Jerusalem for fourteen years, and pastoring in the land for ten years.
The HARVEST has begun in Israel and they are returning NOW to reap during the days of HARVEST. It is time to send them back to the LAND of ISRAEL to reap what they have sown. This website is designed to help share the vision of this mission and to empower the people of God to do just that.
A perfect way to serve the people of Israel is to support people like Mike & Helen Lambert who are currently in Israel and know the culture, the land, the people and most of all their Messiah Yeshua. It is time for action! Sow a seed and reap a harvest! Please visit our DONATIONS page for more details.


text:
Q: Why use LoadLibrary instead of just getting BaseAddress of your program subjective...HA
ok so i've been looking around the internetz for a reasonable solution to trapping multiple keystrokes and came accross a few solutions that use the same thing (keyboard hook). One soltuion used a native call to get the IntPtr of a process by name, and the other used LoadLibrary("User32.dll")
so i figured I would be "smart" and did this (with success)
IntPtr hInstance = Process.GetCurrentProcess().MainModule.BaseAddress;
callbackDelegate = new HOOKPROC(HookCallback);
hhook = SetWindowsHookEx(WH_KEYBOARD_LL, callbackDelegate, hInstance, 0);

as apposed to using this
IntPtr hInstance = LoadLibrary("User32.dll");
callbackDelegate = new HOOKPROC(HookCallback);
hhook = SetWindowsHookEx(WH_KEYBOARD_LL, callbackDelegate, hInstance, 0);

is one safer than the other? am I making a fatal error that isn't showing it's head?

A: SetWindowsHookEx() requires a valid module handle.  It uses it to figure out what DLL needs to be injected into other processes to make the hook work.
But that's only a requirement for global hooks.  The two low-level hooks (WH_MOUSE_LL and WM_KEYBOARD_LL) are special, they don't require DLL injection.  Windows calls the hook callback in your own process only.  The sole requirement is that your thread pumps a message loop so that Windows can make the callback.  Application.Run() is required.
Also the reason that you can make low-level hooks work in C#, the DLL used by global hooks cannot be written in a managed language because the injected process will not have the CLR loaded.
The quirk is that SetWindowsHookEx() checks if you passed a valid module handle but then doesn't actually use it for the low-level hooks.  So any valid handle you pass will work.  This quirk was fixed in Windows 7 SP1 btw, it no longer performs that check.

A: EDIT: My original answer left the IntPtr.Zero option open, and gave the neccesary information to help you decide. I'm adding another quote from the docs, which discusses when not to use null:

An error may occur if the hMod parameter is NULL and the dwThreadId
  parameter is zero or specifies the identifier of a thread created by
  another process.

Since you're using 0 as the thread id (which means "all existing threads running in the same desktop as the calling thread", as per the docs), you should NOT be using null but Marshal.GetHINSTANCE instead.

I think you should be passing either IntPtr.Zero or Marshal.GetHINSTANCE(your current module)
According to these docs, the third argument (hMod) is -

A handle to the DLL containing the hook procedure pointed to by the
  lpfn parameter. The hMod parameter must be set to NULL if the
  dwThreadId parameter specifies a thread created by the current process
  and if the hook procedure is within the code associated with the
  current process.

Also as mentioned in this article ("Windows Hooks in the .NET Framework"),

The third argument should be the HINSTANCE handle of the DLL that contains the code for the filter function. Typically, this value is set to NULL for local hooks. Do not use the .NET null object, though; use the IntPtr.Zero expression, which is the correct counterpart for Win32 null handles. The HINSTANCE argument cannot be null for systemwide hooks, but must relate to the module that contains the hook code—typically an assembly. The Marshal.GetHINSTANCE static method will return the HINSTANCE for the specified .NET module.

Also, see this question.


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text:
FeaturesLuxembourg
Hereditary Grand Duke and Hereditary Grand Duchess talk baby news
By Laura Dekkers
© Grand Ducal Court / Marion Dessard
Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume of Luxembourg and his wife, Hereditary Grand Duchess Stéphanie have personally commented on the announcement that they are expecting a baby. The couple did so on their first official outing since breaking the news to the world.
Yesterday morning, the Grand Ducal Court of Luxembourg announced that the Hereditary Grand Duke and Hereditary Grand Duchess are expecting their first child. The new baby, who is expected to be born in May, will be second in line to the throne and become Grand Duke/Duchess of Luxembourg one day. In the statement, the Grand Ducal Court shared that "the Grand Duke, the Grand Duchess and the members of both families are delighted with the news and share their great joy".
On the first official outing since the pregnancy announcement, the pair looked radiant. Guillaume and Stéphanie attended the opening of Pop-Up Store "Des Mains de Maîtres" in Luxembourg City. The couple could not be bothered by the rain as they both appeared smiling upon arrival.
When asked about how they were feeling about becoming parents for the first time, Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume said: "We are overjoyed. And it is a great joy to share this happy news with all the people we have met today. It was more than warm. People are happy for us, and it is very touching."
Her Royal Highness the Hereditary Grand Duchess also wished to share some of her feelings about her pregnancy. She stated: "We have been keeping it a secret for a few months, and it's very nice to be able to share our joy with the people of Luxembourg."
2019 has been a difficult year for the Hereditary Grand Ducal Couple. In January, Stéphanie's father, Count Philippe de Lannoy passed away at the age of 90. In April of this year, Guillaume's grandfather, Grand Duke Jean of Luxembourg died, as well. Guillaume and Stéphanie will be happy to end this difficult year with some great news. The pair has been married for over seven years, and therefore, the baby news came as a surprise for many.
Laura Dekkers
Laura is from Belgium and has a passion for all things royal. She is Europe Correspondent for Royal Central since October 2016 and has contributed to other news websites. In her daily life she is a fulltime student in EU-politics and political communication.
Tessy Antony-de Nassau spends the day with students at St George's in Luxembourg for Innovation Days
Crown Princess Mary hosts Christmas reception for Mary Foundation partners


text:
Q: Killing Spawned Processes when Grunt Exits I am currently trying to perform several steps that require tasks to be spawned into child processes.  For example:

*

*Watch files

*Start up my Static Site Generator's Preview Server

I can easily use a tasks like grunt-concurrent to have both of these run simultaneously.  However, when I exit grunt, the child process (in this case - the static site generator which I am running using grunt-shell) keeps running.  I would like to have these tasks run simultaneously - but also have them be killed when grunt exits.
Thoughts?

A: Not sure how this works with grunt-shell. But if you'd setup a custom grunt task to run your server you could try somthing like:
  var spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
  var server = spawn('myserver', ['--foo']);
  process.on('exit', function() {
     grunt.log.writeln('killing myserver...');
     server.kill();
     grunt.log.writeln('killed myserver');
  });

A: is there some reason that you dont use grunt-contrib-connect for starting up a server in your project root?
if possible do this instead of using grunt-shell, and the server will automatically shutdown when your grunt process exits

A: Maybe this is why grunt-exit was created.

A: Apparently, grunt-shell does not handle process exit events: https://github.com/sindresorhus/grunt-shell/blob/master/tasks/shell.js
Therefore, I suspect that your grunt process is exiting and grunt-shell never warns it's child process that the parent process is stopping.
For example, grunt-concurrent does kills it's child processes, as we can see here:
process.on('exit', function () {
    cpCache.forEach(function (el) {
        el.kill();
    });
});

Source: https://github.com/sindresorhus/grunt-concurrent/blob/master/tasks/concurrent.js#L55
So, using grunt-shell won't work for you.
One solution is to require wintersmith in your Gruntfile and run it programatically in a custom task.

A: See my answer on https://stackoverflow.com/a/32057486/626810.
This is useful when you have a script that explicitly needs to be invoked (eg: when that process is daemonized).


text:
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Welcome to Earth
A Disney+ original series from National Geographic, 'Welcome to Earth,' follows Will Smith on an extraordinary adventure around the world. Throughout the six-part limited series produced by filmmaker Darren Aronofsky, Will is guided by explorers on an awe-inspiring journey, getting up close and personal with some of the most thrilling spectacles on the planet.
Streaming on Disney+
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The Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., speaks with a member of the security team at the 1963 March on Washington in this image from our photography archives.See Photo of the Day
Chaotic headlines, remarkable strength defined 2021
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The 21 most fascinating scientific discoveries of 2021
The photographers who contributed to our 2021 Year in Pictures issue


text:
BWW Interview: LOVE CYCLE Creator Bill Burnett on Working with a Young Patti LuPone & More!
by Nicole Rosky
Earlier this month, BroadwayWorld uncovered a vintage video featuring Broadway legend Patti LuPone in "Love Cycle: A Soap Operetta", a 'mini-musical' made for PBS in 1984 which was never broadcast. The mini-musical also featured a full cast of up-and-coming stars of the 1980's, including: Walter Bobbie, Lonny Price, Martin Vidnovic, Priscilla Lopez and Ellen Foley. If you missed it the first time, catch the full operetta below!
With music and lyrics by Peggy Black and Bill Burnett and a book by David Misch, LuPone stars as 'Rachel' a ghost who appears out of a laundromat dryer in order to seek revenge on her husband, who had left her for another woman. "At last I'm free to pursue my dream of vengeance!" declares the 'Evita' star as she materializes before a group of stunned laundromat patrons.
BroadwayWorld recently chatted with creator Bill Burnett about the original vision for the series, how it was put together, and more. Check out the full interview below:
This piece is so wild! What inspired its creation?
David Misch was having quite a successful career in television and he and I were rock & roll musicians. We love musical theatre and thought we could bring those two approaches of entertainment together to do a series of musical theatre that would be like a repertory company. Our concept was- if you imagine the original company of 'Saturday Night Live', instead of doing comedy acts, doing little musicals. So you'd have Gilda Radner and John Belushi, etc., who would do an actual musical- not a satirical sketch, but a real musical. And how much fun it would be to see Gilda be the evil villain one week and a princess in the next.
So it was going to be a full series?
Yes, we pitched that idea to PBS and they liked it. It was really quite amazing the response that we got from the world of theatre. Marc Shaiman was our audition pianist and Patti LuPone and Priscilla Lopez were a part of it. All of these people were at the beginning of their careers comparatively, but Patti had already been in Evita and won a Tony award, and Priscilla had created the role of 'Morales' in A Chorus Line. Walter Bobbie was up and coming. Lonny Price had been in Merrily We Roll Along. It was pretty amazing! Just one after another, after another of these people wanting to be in this show!
I don't blame them, it's a really great idea!
We wanted to do successful musical theatre in short form like television with more of a pop rock influence. The sound and feel of that show has syntax of pop, rock, R&B, and folk rock while serving the needs of theatre. It follows the basic pattern of stating the theme, the 'I Want' song...
Were there other episodes in the works?
We wrote three of them and the others were just as good!
And the series would have featured the same cast of actors had it continued?
Yes, if the original idea would have flown, Lonny would have been the lead male in the next one and Priscilla would have been the lead female. Everyone would have shifted around. And ultimately, if the show had taken off it wouldn't have been all of our writing. It would have been more like 'Alfred Hitchcock Presents'- more of an anthology series.
What were the other two episodes like?
The other was called 'I Love Lucia'. I was an opera singer that wanted to quit the opera and have a baby, but the director of the opera is her husband and he doesn't want her to quit because she is his meal ticket. It's very funny. Plus, there was an opera inside the show- 'The Judgment of Solomon.' The other one was called 'Doomsday in Court'. When we wrote them there was the whole thing with Lee Marvin and his paramour who was suing him for palimony. So this Bela Lugosi figure had been living with a woman who was demanding a large sum of money- it was a courtroom comedy.
It's a shame that the world never got to see them!
We still think that you could do a 90-minute Live Theatre piece with all three of them! The first act would be two shows with a brief interlude and the second act could include an extended version of one of them!
Do you have any memories from filming it with that amazing cast?
I remember Patti being nervous that she wouldn't be able to sing the rock & roll. But she was great! It was quite something for me to be alone in a room with Patti LuPone- I'm a guitarist and I'm not highly musically trained like musical theatre people. I do things more by ear.
Why do you think that it ultimately didn't get picked up?
The problem I think with the show is that there wasn't a clear concept of whether we should play it down and subtle like a typical sitcom or really raw. So we had Walter Bobbie with his great big whiskers, wearing a kilt, and talking in a ridiculous Scottish accent, and then Patti with this white makeup, and everyone else talking like they were normal people. It was a bit of a schitzy production in that way.
It would be amazing to see all of the pieces together on stage...
Yes! I would still be interested in doing the three-show night! Then a year and a half later we could swap them out for new shows. I think that would be a very uplifting concept!
Four Connecticut Arts Organizations Sued In Connection with Sexual Abuse of Teen Girls
From This Author Nicole Rosky
BWW Interview: Tony Vincent Opens Up About His Next Act- Shaping the Talent of Tomorrow in Nashville
BWW Interview: Eddie Arnold Looks Ahead to Life After BETRAYAL
BWW Interview: Victoria Clark Opens Up About Her New Projects on Stage, Screen & More!
BWW Interview: Clinton Greenspan Flies to New Heights as Broadway's Newest Aladdin


text:
package gov.nih.nci.cabig.ctms.acegi.acls.test;

import java.util.Map;

import junit.framework.Test;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import junit.framework.TestSuite;

import org.acegisecurity.Authentication;
import org.acegisecurity.GrantedAuthority;
import org.acegisecurity.GrantedAuthorityImpl;
import org.acegisecurity.acls.AccessControlEntry;
import org.acegisecurity.acls.MutableAcl;
import org.acegisecurity.acls.MutableAclService;
import org.acegisecurity.acls.NotFoundException;
import org.acegisecurity.acls.Permission;
import org.acegisecurity.acls.domain.BasePermission;
import org.acegisecurity.acls.objectidentity.ObjectIdentity;
import org.acegisecurity.acls.objectidentity.ObjectIdentityImpl;
import org.acegisecurity.acls.sid.PrincipalSid;
import org.acegisecurity.acls.sid.Sid;
import org.acegisecurity.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.acegisecurity.providers.TestingAuthenticationToken;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils;
import org.springframework.test.AbstractTransactionalDataSourceSpringContextTests;

public class ACLTest extends AbstractTransactionalDataSourceSpringContextTests {

    public ACLTest() {
        init();
    }

    public ACLTest(String name) {
        super(name);
        init();
    }

    public void init() {

        ApplicationContext appCtx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(getConfigLocations());
        HibernateTransactionManager txMgr = (HibernateTransactionManager) appCtx
                        .getBean("transactionManager");

        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.getSession(txMgr.getSessionFactory(), true);

        if (session != null) {
            session.clear();
        }

        LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = (LocalSessionFactoryBean) appCtx
                        .getBean("&sessionFactory");

        sessionFactoryBean.createDatabaseSchema();

    }

    protected String[] getConfigLocations() {
        return new String[] { "classpath:/applicationContext-acls-dao-test.xml" };
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        junit.textui.TestRunner.run(suite());
    }

    public static Test suite() {
        TestSuite suite = new TestSuite();
        suite.addTest(new ACLTest("testLifecycle"));
        return suite;
    }

    public void testLifecycle() {

        MutableAclService aclService = (MutableAclService) applicationContext
                        .getBean("mutableAclDao");

        Authentication auth = new TestingAuthenticationToken("joshua", "ignored",
                        new GrantedAuthority[] { new GrantedAuthorityImpl("ROLE_ADMINISTRATOR") });
        auth.setAuthenticated(true);
        SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(auth);

        ObjectIdentity topParentOid = new ObjectIdentityImpl(
                        "gov.nih.nci.cabig.ctms.acegi.acls.test.SomeBean", new Long(100));
        ObjectIdentity middleParentOid = new ObjectIdentityImpl(
                        "gov.nih.nci.cabig.ctms.acegi.acls.test.SomeBean", new Long(101));
        ObjectIdentity childOid = new ObjectIdentityImpl(
                        "gov.nih.nci.cabig.ctms.acegi.acls.test.SomeBean", new Long(102));

        assertNotNull("No ACLService", aclService);
        MutableAcl topParent = aclService.createAcl(topParentOid);
        MutableAcl middleParent = aclService.createAcl(middleParentOid);
        MutableAcl child = aclService.createAcl(childOid);

        // Specify the inheritence hierarchy
        middleParent.setParent(topParent);
        child.setParent(middleParent);

        // Now let's add a couple of permissions
        topParent.insertAce(null, BasePermission.READ, new PrincipalSid(auth), true);
        topParent.insertAce(null, BasePermission.WRITE, new PrincipalSid(auth), false);
        middleParent.insertAce(null, BasePermission.DELETE, new PrincipalSid(auth), true);
        child.insertAce(null, BasePermission.DELETE, new PrincipalSid(auth), false);

        // Explictly save the changed ACL
        aclService.updateAcl(topParent);
        aclService.updateAcl(middleParent);
        aclService.updateAcl(child);

        // Let's check if we can read them back correctly
        Map map = aclService.readAclsById(new ObjectIdentity[] { topParentOid, middleParentOid,
                childOid });
        assertEquals(3, map.size());

        // Replace our current objects with their retrieved versions
        topParent = (MutableAcl) map.get(topParentOid);
        middleParent = (MutableAcl) map.get(middleParentOid);
        child = (MutableAcl) map.get(childOid);

        // Check the retrieved versions has IDs
        assertNotNull(topParent.getId());
        assertNotNull(middleParent.getId());
        assertNotNull(child.getId());

        // Check their parents were correctly persisted
        assertNull(topParent.getParentAcl());
        assertEquals(topParentOid, middleParent.getParentAcl().getObjectIdentity());
        assertEquals(middleParentOid, child.getParentAcl().getObjectIdentity());

        // Check their ACEs were correctly persisted
        assertEquals(2, topParent.getEntries().length);
        assertEquals(1, middleParent.getEntries().length);
        assertEquals(1, child.getEntries().length);

        // Check the retrieved rights are correct
        assertTrue(topParent.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.READ },
                        new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(auth) }, false));
        assertFalse(topParent.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.WRITE },
                        new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(auth) }, false));
        assertTrue(middleParent.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.DELETE },
                        new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(auth) }, false));
        assertFalse(child.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.DELETE },
                        new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(auth) }, false));

        try {
            child.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.ADMINISTRATION },
                            new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(auth) }, false);
            fail("Should have thrown NotFoundException");
        } catch (NotFoundException expected) {
            assertTrue(true);
        }

        // Now check the inherited rights (when not explicitly overridden) also
        // look OK
        assertTrue(child.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.READ },
                        new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(auth) }, false));
        assertFalse(child.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.WRITE },
                        new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(auth) }, false));
        assertFalse(child.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.DELETE },
                        new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(auth) }, false));

        // Next change the child so it doesn't inherit permissions from above
        child.setEntriesInheriting(false);
        aclService.updateAcl(child);

        child = (MutableAcl) aclService.readAclById(childOid);

        assertFalse(child.isEntriesInheriting());

        // Check the child permissions no longer inherit
        assertFalse(child.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.DELETE },
                        new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(auth) }, true));

        try {
            child.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.READ }, new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(
                            auth) }, true);
            fail("Should have thrown NotFoundException");
        } catch (NotFoundException expected) {
            assertTrue(true);
        }

        try {
            child.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.WRITE },
                            new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(auth) }, true);
            fail("Should have thrown NotFoundException");
        } catch (NotFoundException expected) {
            assertTrue(true);
        }

        // Let's add an identical permission to the child, but it'll appear
        // AFTER the current permission, so has no impact
        child.insertAce(null, BasePermission.DELETE, new PrincipalSid(auth), true);

        // Let's also add another permission to the child
        child.insertAce(null, BasePermission.CREATE, new PrincipalSid(auth), true);

        // Save the changed child
        aclService.updateAcl(child);
        child = (MutableAcl) aclService.readAclById(childOid);
        assertEquals(3, child.getEntries().length);

        // Output permissions
        for (int i = 0; i < child.getEntries().length; i++) {
            System.out.println(child.getEntries()[i]);
        }

        // Check the permissions are as they should be
        assertFalse(child.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.DELETE },
                        new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(auth) }, true)); // as earlier
        // permission
        // overrode
        assertTrue(child.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.CREATE },
                        new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(auth) }, true));

        // Now check the first ACE (index 0) really is DELETE for our Sid and is
        // non-granting
        AccessControlEntry entry = child.getEntries()[0];
        assertEquals(BasePermission.DELETE.getMask(), entry.getPermission().getMask());
        assertEquals(new PrincipalSid(auth), entry.getSid());
        assertFalse(entry.isGranting());
        assertNotNull(entry.getId());

        // Now delete that first ACE
        child.deleteAce(entry.getId());

        // Save and check it worked
        child = aclService.updateAcl(child);
        assertEquals(2, child.getEntries().length);
        assertTrue(child.isGranted(new Permission[] { BasePermission.DELETE },
                        new Sid[] { new PrincipalSid(auth) }, false));

        SecurityContextHolder.clearContext();

    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Abstract: Family firms are, as the name implies, the overlapping of two big communities, 'the family' and 'the firm'. Researchers from all over the world agree that the influence that a family has on the entrepreneur affects his activities. Another important point in family firms is the daily routines. In these routines, family members can get in touch with the entrepreneur. This study addresses how family firm members influence the acting of the entrepreneur. The theoretical background is based on two contrasting approaches, the principal-agent approach and the principal-steward approach. We employed the 'diary book method' to identify various interesting results, notably family firms tested positively to exercising the principal-steward approach and the 'diary book method' is an unexpected powerful research tool.


You can check out KeyCoin (KEY*) white paper below. It has all the details of how the KeyCoin (KEY*) was formed and how it works. This white paper is original and unedited. This was extracted from the original site of KeyCoin (KEY*).
Click here to Download KeyCoin (KEY*) white paper in PDF.


One of the leading English departments in the UK, with excellence in both teaching and research, we cover literature from the Medieval period to the present day, with additional strengths in film studies and creative writing. As a student you will be taught by world-class academics whose expertise spans the whole of the discipline of English.
We offer a curriculum that provides considerable flexibility and choice to encourage you to discover your literary interests. Explore the writings of canonical figures such as Austen, Dickens, Joyce, Shakespeare, Woolf and Wordsworth, and specialise as you progress, by period, genre or theme.
Choose one of our Combined Honours programmes and combine the study of literature with Film Studies, Drama, Classical Studies, Art History & Visual Culture or a Modern Language at our Streatham Campus in Exeter, or with History at our Penryn Campus in Cornwall.
Throughout your studies, you will learn to analyse the literatures of different cultures and periods and to interpret this material within wider contexts of cultural and intellectual history. Our committed and passionate staff will help you to develop your ability to read perceptively and critically and to foster your capacity for creative and original thought. You will develop proficiency in research and analysis, an ability to construct coherent, substantiated arguments and a capacity to propose your own ideas and theories.
We are a substantial department, with staff based at the Streatham Campus in Exeter, and at the Penryn Campus near Falmouth in Cornwall. You will find enthusiastic, research-active staff at both campuses, who are leaders in their field and are committed to sharing their expertise with you through their teaching.
We offer a selection of degree programmes at the Streatham Campus in Exeter. These are distinguished by the range of material that you can study, the amount of flexibility and choice you are given to develop and follow your own interests and the provision of modules by active researchers who are at the forefront of their respective fields.
Adopting both critical and creative approaches, our programmes will develop your understanding of a wide range of genres and literatures in English. Modules are taught by staff with expertise in literature from the Middle Ages to the present, in cinema throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, and in creative writing practices in poetry, prose and screen-writing. The programmes move from an initial foundation year towards greater choice and a higher degree of specialisation in the latter years. You will develop to the stage where, in your final year, what you study, how you approach it, and how you communicate what you have found are closely aligned with the practices of the research-active academics who teach you during seminars.
Our programmes in Exeter encourage you to ask challenging questions about the nature of literary and other texts. When you read Troilus and Criseyde or Jane Eyre, or watch movies such as Bicycle Thieves, you will be prompted to ask not only what they mean, but also how they make those meanings. Who were they written or filmed for? How do they compare with other works of the same or different periods? How do they relate to the historical and social conditions in which they were produced?
At the end of your programme you will have acquired an extensive and enriched knowledge of English literature and have developed into an independent, self-motivated researcher, ready for a broad range of graduate careers or postgraduate study.
In addition to your academic work, the student-run Lit Soc brings together like-minded people to discuss literature and literary interests and gives you the opportunity to attend book and poetry readings, film screenings and to socialise with others.
Our Penryn Campus programme is an engaging and classic English degree covering the history of English literature, with a focus on writing from 1580 to the present.
The Penryn English department offers an exceptional student experience, combining a friendly, small-group approach to teaching, supported by first-rate research. With a smaller student intake, the campus offers a welcoming environment and an emphasis on innovative learning and teaching in a flexible and intimate atmosphere.
The campus' state-of-the-art buildings have been equipped with the latest technologies to deliver the very best in learning and teaching facilities. We share the campus facilities with the University of Falmouth, creating a vibrant mixture of students from science, engineering, humanities and arts backgrounds.
There is also a student-run English Society which organises guest speakers, film screenings, trips and social events, providing an opportunity to meet students who share a love of literature, culture and the arts.
Cornwall has inspired many famous authors, playwrights and poets including Daphne du Maurier, Thomas Hardy and William Golding, and has since become a creative writing hotspot. Studying in an inspirational setting with a rich history of artistic and scientific innovation will not only enhance your learning, but also your student experience. You could take advantage of local events, including performances at the Minack Theatre, a spectacular open air theatre near Land's End, and various arts festivals.


text:
#191 Is Your Self-Identity Limiting Your Potential? | Vusi Thembekwayo on Impact Theory
10.06.2020 - By Impact Theory with Tom Bilyeu
Identity is all around you. Whether you're consuming social media, reading a book, streaming a new series online, or having a conversation with a friend or family member, you are receiving signals from the world that shape your self-identity. From the moment you wake up to the moment you go to bed, your self-identity is switched on and telling you the parameters of which you need to live in. What if we can escape this box we've built around us? What does true freedom from excuses look like? On this episode of Impact Theory, world-renowned speaker, author, and venture capitalist Vusi Thembakwayo joins Tom Bilyeu to discuss such matters and more as they explore the controversial ideas of self-identity, freedom of the mind, and why you have no excuse to begin taking action today. They discuss how self-identity can limit our potential, why being free doesn't mean living in freedom, why you have to have a willingness to fail, how to be your own savior, and the inspiration of Nelson Mandela. This episode is brought to you by: Indeed: Go to Indeed.com/IMPACT for a FREE $75 credit to boost your job post. Allform: Go to allform.com/impact for 20% off your order. Skillshare: skillshare.com/impact The first 1,000 people to use our link will get a free trial of Skillshare Premium Membership. SHOW NOTES: No Excuses | Vusi shares his principles for overcoming excuses and succeeding. [0:36] Mentality | Vusi shares how he's cultivated a mentality focused on overcoming adversity. [3:50] Inspire | Vusi shares what he teaches and how he inspires others to make progress. [7:35] Identity | Vusi reveals how identity can be holding us back mentally from progressing. [10:08] Freedom | Vusi discusses the concept that true freedom exists in the mind. [13:20] Connection | Vusi discusses the connection between identity and freedom of the mind. [17:59] Movement | Vusi shares why you should have a willingness to fail and just get started. [23:12] Input | Vusi shares the practical lessons he's learned through martial arts. [28:46] Mastery | Vusi reveals how he adopted a mentality that's focused around mastery. [32:05] Core Basics | Vusi shares the three pillars of focus he teaches on day one. [34:50] A Pact | Vusi shares his story of making a pact of sacrifice with his mom. [41:18] Encouragement | Vusi shares what his emotional relationship is like with his mom. [46:00] Mandela | Vusi discusses what it was like to be in Nelson Mandela's presence. [48:02] Step Up | Vusi shares why you have to save yourself and not wait for a messiah. [52:55] Learn More | Vusi shares how and where you can continue to follow him. [56:23] QUOTES: "Do you want emotion or do you want progress? Because you can't have both." [5:46] "When somebody asks the question, "Who are you?" How do you answer that question?" [22:50] "Don't give me something out of pity, I don't want pity. Give me something because I'm the best at what I do." [27:54] "And [Nelson Mandela] said, "Faith is the ability to see the invisible, believe in the impossible, and trust in the unknown."" [52:02] FOLLOW VUSI: Website: vusithembekwayo.com Facebook: facebook.com/VusiThembekwayoPage Twitter: twitter.com/VusiThembekwayo Instagram: instagram.com/vusithembekwayo LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/vusithembekwayo YouTube: youtube.com/channel/UC_Ktic72t5bDX_3go_9u_pg
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We have found 1 match as a result of your search for Community Special Schools within 2 miles (or 3.22Km ) of the centre of CA28 8TU. Please note that the distances shown below are "as the crow flies" from the entered postcode (CA28 8TU) and do not take into account road layouts or any obstructions or detours needed.
There is a Google Map at the bottom of this page showing the location of all the schools in the area surrounding CA28 8TU.
We have found a total of 1 Community Special schools in and near CA28 8TU (including the entries listed above).


TRI is a locally led initiative under the leadership of World Orphans. Presently, we have more than 20 local team members.
Billy Ray and his wife, Dawn, have lived and worked in the Middle East for over 15 years. In 2008, they moved to Iraq to pioneer work for World Orphans. In 2010, they moved to Soran, Iraq—two hours northeast of Kurdistan's capital city of Erbil. Before the 2014 arrival of ISIS in the region, the Rays were involved with various projects focused on widows and orphans. Since then, they expanded their focus to include helping the increasing numbers of displaced people in and around Soran. Billy, Dawn, and their three sons love exploring the mountains and rivers of Kurdistan, where they often picnic with their Kurdish friends.


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Quarterly Economic Survey
Voicing your issues at local and National level We identify, manage, research, prepare and communicate all external policy issues agreed by Surrey Chambers of Commerce both within the organisation to staff and members and also outside the organisation to local and national government and to the press, both radio and TV and the print media.
Issues can cover anything from the amount of water to be extracted from the Thames to be stored in local reservoirs to the future of aviation in the United Kingdom, from the closure of a road in a town to build a bus lane to the number of hours staff are permitted to work.
The British Chambers of Commerce (BCC) Quarterly Economic Survey (QES) is the largest and longest-running business survey in the UK and is a powerful tool for representing the voice of business to Government. At the national level, it's a leading indicator – often picking up big changes in the economy long before other surveys or official statistics:
• The Bank of England's Monetary Policy Committee uses the QES as one of its key benchmarks when setting interest rates.
• HM Treasury and the independent Office for Budget Responsibility use the QES to put together their forecasts for the UK's economic performance.
• The European Commission uses the QES to assess the health of the UK economy when it makes policy recommendations for both Westminster and Brussels.
For the Q3 2018 Quarterly Economic Survey, please click here.
Please click here for the Q4 2020 Quarterly Economic Survey summary.
The previous national QES results can be found here.
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