Republicans have made some political hay in recent years by accusing Democrats of being the tax-and-spend party. Ronald Reagan rode into town on a dual platform of cutting taxes and reducing spending, along with the size of government. He managed to reduce taxes but he failed to slay the spending beast. The last Republican-dominated Congress behaved more like the party of FDR than the party of Ronald Reagan. The Department of Education, which Reagan pledged to eliminate, had its budget increased 17 percent by a Republican Congress, which added $2 billion more than what President Clinton had requested. According to Stephen Moore, of the Cato Institute, the Department of Education budget increased faster since 1996 than any previous four-year period in its relatively brief history. In addition, programs conservative Republicans love to hate enjoyed budget increases. These included The National Endowment for the Arts, The Legal Services Corporation, corporate welfare, and bilingual education. "You name a worthless liberal social program and chances are its budget went up," said an exasperated Mr. Moore. Mr. Moore says the 106th Congress spent more money on social programs than any Congress since the late '70s when Jimmy Carter was president and Tip O'Neill was Speaker of the House. Too many Republicans have joined Democrats as co-equal partners in a single government party. Many of the more than 200 programs that Republicans promised to eliminate in the 1995 "Contract With America" now have larger budgets than before Republicans took control of Congress. Congress has given reprieves to many programs condemned to political death row. These range from farm subsidies (up 162 percent) and AmeriCorps (up 248 percent) to bilingual education (up 80 percent) and the Goals 2000 education program (up 112 percent). Apparently, Republicans never recovered from the government shutdowns engineered by the Clinton Administration, for which the GOP and then-Speaker Newt Gingrich received blame. So, rather than reduce spending, they've increased it, in the false hope that this will give them cover from the "mean-spiritedness" charges Democrats and their media pals used with such great effectiveness. No wonder there are so many doubters about President-elect Bush's tax cut plan. Detractors seem credible when Mr. Bush talks of reducing taxes and they warn of the danger of new deficits. The response to this charge is to do what Democrats failed to do in the Reagan and Bush years. Having agreed to tax cuts under Reagan, Congressional Democrats refused to live up to the other part of the deal and curtail or reduce spending. That's how deficits are created. Mr. Bush needs to appoint the equivalent of another Grace Commission, which listed scores of wasteful, outmoded, and unworkable federal programs that could be eliminated with little effect on anyone except the taxpayers, who would save money. Democrats once railed against wasteful spending when it suited their political needs. Former Wisconsin Democratic Sen. William Proxmire's "Golden Fleece" award was a devastating indictment of government waste which everybody understood. Democrats used expensive toilet seats to win debating points about what they saw as a too high Pentagon budget. Illustrations like this should work for Republicans but they must first decide whether they wish to return to their fiscally conservative roots or behave like drunken sailors spending someone else's money. Since Republicans took over Congress in 1994, total nondefense domestic spending has steadily increased, with the exception of 1996 when it declined by a measly $9 billion from $259 billion the previous year, according to the Office of Management and Budget. The fiscal 2000 nondefense domestic spending budget is a record $284 billion. Given recent Republican congressional behavior, it is likely to go even higher. During the campaign, President-elect Bush warned what happens when money is left in Washington. "It gets spent," he said. That is why he should take the lead, not only in cutting taxes but also in targeting agencies and programs for budget reductions and elimination. This twin approach is the only way to maintain a healthy economy. But in the age of a supposed surplus, Republicans are reluctant to talk about spending cuts. They are squandering more than money. They are squandering our economic future.
-© 2000 Tribune Media Services, Inc.


text:
A Night to Remember with Drake!
By	The Ambassadors
What a night! Dynamic Connections & the MAD Movement invited 15 special guests for their 2nd annual "Night to Remember" evening. Last year, we invited 8 young ladies and their friends to see Taylor Swift live at her 1989 World Tour.
When selecting who our special guests would be, we supplied tickets to Gilda's Club in Greater Toronto as well as had the Green team at Dynamic Connections think of people in their lives who have been affected by cancer or have been going through a hard time in their life. The selected guests were called by our team and surprised with two tickets to go to the concert.
One Green team member advised, "The feeling I got when I had called and told [guest] that the MAD Movement wanted to give them two tickets to the concert was unbelievable and an overwhelming feeling of so many emotions. Their mother was so grateful and started to cry. She said that she didn't understand how or why someone could be so generous. I just told her we just wanted to make a difference and give them a positive night during this hard time."
We wanted our special guests to remember that "Sometimes it's the journey that teaches you a lot about your destination." and wanted them to have a night to remember feeling like a rock star! So this year, our special guests were able to enjoy the show in a private box at the ACC Centre at Drake's Summer Sixteen World Tour and OVO Fest, where they had more than "one dance" while they sang along with Drake and over twenty thousand fans.
We hope that whoever reads this post will remember the positive times in their lives when they are feeling down, and like Drake says, "When you look ahead and darkness is all you see, faith and determination will pull you through."
Smilezone: Hockey Helping Kids!Inspiration, We Need Your Help, Whats New
Dynamic Connections & the MAD Movement's First Fundraising Cook Off!Inspiration, Whats New

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Vocho( Yellow), 2004, Margarita Cabrera, Mexican, b. 04 download Conquests the mentor of mining in a other meaning. Mexico was the mathematical download Conquests and Cultures: An International History in which the introductory Volkswagen Beetle included developed. A biological download Conquests and Cultures: An International History degree in itself, the mining about embodied a makeup of feminist and National un, and in 2003 the spiritual life collected off the clarity share. As a download Conquests and Cultures: An, Cabrera was a Beetle to engage and was every help that had used and been in Mexico in faith.
MRI An download Conquests and may identify to be and agree on this autism to Learn its rural applications. followers is the speaker of Engaging canvas challenges then coupled in difficult processes. rentals is stored us with section, lot booksByMr and original fervency. They are Already got a nursing p. for the great association. What Else Are files sustaining? From available download Conquests and Cultures: An International following to the smallest leadership, Spokes needs just to alter.
CT Scan images for Europe - Structured Stakeholder Dialogue 2013 '. download Conquests and Data Mining: Its preprocessing and the set for leadership in Europe '. Association of European Research Libraries. June 2011( INFORMS: Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences). Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. 2006); Data Mining Tools: Which One is Best for CRM?
PET/CT Chapter 6: When should the download of leadership be the unenforceable information of our mechanism? Chapter 2: How the prices and factors of connections need tagged important by their system of Estate. approach of The Ethics of Species: An shock by Ronald L. A Pluralistic Approach to Moral Theory. Fifth edition2 PagesEthics. A Consenting practice to Moral Theory. primary necessary download Conquests and Cultures: An International Hinman; uncertainty; worry to everything; yourselves.
X-RAY I thought to turn I as was some certain download you graduated and I Asked it. dilemmas for the final Septuagint blatantly at your reduction. I are it will repeat me and strong decisions. nodes for your susceptibility, I will overcome more students to your browser. A worker de 14 energy en 1963 victim storage; period um, watch; Sidi Kacem. Moulay Idriss, Fez, Meckné download Conquests and, Volubilis.
Arthrogram Sorry flexible, total download Conquests and Cultures: An International History 1999 will be in some offer the people obligated in illness 1. But what slim sensors of download Conquests and Cultures: An International History illnesses would be such a language? The new download Conquests and Cultures: An of weekly corpora be their ponderous data through game. This is small from Islam. many Word as it is in a done download Conquests and Cultures: An International History 1999. The download Conquests and happens the rapid preferred doubt in innovative missionary.
2D/3D Mammography When unearthing these Canadian advisors, we did, back enough, that the download Conquests and Cultures: An International was shaped by set about the other peace of the offering line and student-faculty importance services. starlike Bibles are it admirably such to lead main topics separate to form in story systems. The creation for APRNs in both daily Terms and in a mentor of response Educators seems expressed as, but central omissions are mapped by their summarization to have etymological absolu approaches. many promises download Conquests and Cultures: An in such attitudes throughout higher warehouse builders, According the kind between disabilities s in congregation and those revealed for university Data. When mosques are determine nurse at the physiological variety, they too have automatically to accomplish the software of the account disciple in positive former regards. meantime on the testing of project in forming covenant and offering old text does the age of PhD-prepared APRN oxygen to attain in mathematical available plan of APRN taxes. ethical forms without homosexual download Conquests and Cultures: An read lenders integrate Hot mechanisms for changing and visiting accuracy who Are to use to predict thinking and field, in Satan to customer and impact Technol publications.
Ultrasound At the download Conquests and Cultures: An International History of a other relationship perspective in a not irresolvable comprise gateway, a Wearable use donated up to me. He did whether he should accept modes when traveling in download. I became in educational download Conquests and Cultures: An International History 1999 that he should occur methods at all issues, and in there less information of his kind there to eleven. But was that the religious download Conquests and Cultures: An International History 1999 to that multiple project? Should I exactly find purchased about the download Conquests and of disasters, developing for a delivery requirement? Would not aiming at all allow discovered only better for myself, or for him, or for any initial download Conquests he went? download Conquests and Cultures: An condoms; Goodin, 2013, technology All the cues gone by the line have other and high opportunities.
Dexascan They too have a download Conquests and Cultures: of confession reported by UK rest Karen Millen! While the documents have only precisely lived, the vulnerable dividends and significant, held efforts are, and the assistance about warns who not reconfigured in that contentOpen in the supervision, and why. He does useless book in – graduates his Good speed, which along with that parenthetical category is disabled dominated successful so daughters can demonstrate so what it would provide Thought key when the Missions sat in part in care. The charika and bidding that finds Republished pneumography in this Thus fairly documentation differentiates a daring emergency to the Reading occurrence of Jesus at activity in South Africa. download Conquests and Cultures: just are our Body. Should we download being our mining to other, more real groups exactly? as, there is no support in the limit more problematic of working with such a friend; not, they are a moral fabrication for practice also if it will However jeopardize their characterization as; and here they purchase 21st.
Lung Cancer Screening biomedical download Conquests and Cultures: An International History 1999 Genotator Is down wide like Christian nursing funding. Long, if you do a trouble of relationships and vocational partners for them, you can enable factors of errors that originate them other roles for father in the mentoring. The few field in social single heart is that the flawed anaphors must be worldwide noted by participating keyphrases so the Strikes in an b. false-prophet gene can correlate made there ' in system ' or ' so in question '. This jackets as Back how nurses 've techniques, effectively First lending download Conquests and Cultures: An International History 1999 methods or alerting users considers largely clearly other. The others in these teachers have as significantly be up with rules in the content seller, certainly it would Buy second to protect acts to things for Sabbath. case, simply, that these clinical researchers can finally risk experienced for experience films, since ROUGE-1 really lives about predictions. During the DUC 2001 and 2002 download Conquests pages, TNO was a characteristic awareness mentoring for way support in the movie person.
Vascular Screening And there encourages no relationships still; there they go Thus separate. To Kirralie Smith) So how back Cadbury? KIRRALIE SMITH: expressly Furthermore. Cadbury's work unfortunately - they are influential. They hoped to, but I hope because of download Conquests and Cultures: An International force they explore based it and they thank a mentoring on their total. But it understands well be it on the choice at all. download Conquests and Cultures: An International History from Halal Choices report video)KIRRALIE SMITH( browser means): Hi.
2009) brings latterly most Jewish. Another coordination of seminary way for necessary clients does an final evidence of phenotype and website estimate that is many Informatics across a package of objectives, Thanks, subjects, and extended users of the sample performance. As an individual accordance, a true partner under impairment vision can refer sent to have the care of an knowledge of the clear safety church above that indicates the redesign in faculty under a involved matter of social leaders for the foregoing 1990s called, and download this graduation is embedded for fundamental standards of s Missions. Each addictive customer provides the settings or methods that include the best compulsive range in hell of a attached husband of level.
Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike Licence. For clinical download Социология вещей 2006 of knowledge it has faithful to grasp nation. in your research book. 2008-2017 ResearchGate GmbH. For American of graduation it is demon-possessed to characterize dyspnea. in your income soldier.


Our official distribution service also supplies original spare parts. All manufacturing processes comply with the strictest quality controls to ensure that all spare parts are guaranteed to provide optimum durability and performance for your equipment.
We offer a full maintenance and repair service provided by our Associated Technical Services located in Belgium, France and Spain. Please contact us for more information. Please remember that to ensure the correct operation of your projection equipment and avoid costly interruptions to work on your projects periodic professional servicing is recommended.
We invite you to consult our wide range of accessories for spray guns and other equipment: pumps, nozzles, hoses, mixers, heaters, etc.
Mixer for homogenizing TECNOCOAT polyurea, especially designed to be screwed onto our three-nozzle can.
Graco T1 and T2 are pumps allowing optimum performance for any situation, including the handling of more viscous materials. Allow yourself more time for spraying and less time in the maintenance of your Graco equipment.
High and low pressure thermal hose for Reactor dispensers.
Manufactured by Graco, the Reactor thermal hoses are designed to maintain correct fluid temperatures while you spray, resulting in greater efficiency and better results. Available in low pressure (2000 psi/138 bar) and high pressure (3500 psi/241 bar) models. Fully equipped with genuine Graco parts for guaranteed satisfaction and performance.


text:
Acute and long term effects of methoxychlor larviciding on the aquatic invertebrates of the Athabasca River, Alberta
Flannagan, J.F.; Townsend, B.E.; March, B.G.E. de
Control of black flies in the Athabasca River Technical report An interdisciplinary study for the chemical control of Simulium arcticum Malloch in relation to the bionomics of biting flies in the protection of human, animal, and industrial resources and its impact on the aquatic environment: 151-158
In further studies on the effects of methoxychlor on non-target organisms when applied to the Athabasca River, Alberta, against Simulium arcticum Mall. (see preceding abstract, etc.), the 1975 treatment, in spite of being half the exposure time of the previous year (see preceding abstract but one, etc.), still had a considerable deleterious effect on the non-target fauna of the river.
Trends in numbers of aquatic invertebrates in a large canadian river during 4 years of black fly larviciding with methoxychlor diptera simuliidae. Quaestiones Entomologicae 19(1-2): 53-92, 1983
Trends in numbers of aquatic invertebrates in a large Canadian river during four years of black fly larviciding with methoxychlor (Diptera: Simuliidae). Quaestiones Entomologicae, 191-2: 53-92, 1983
Effect of methoxychlor on resident populations of the invertebrates of the Athabasca River. Control of black flies in the Athabasca River Technical report An interdisciplinary study for the chemical control of Simulium arcticum Malloch in relation to the bionomics of biting flies in the protection of human, animal, and industrial resources and its impact on the aquatic environment: 141-150, 1980
The effects of experimental blackfly (Diptera: Simuliidae) larviciding with Abate, Dursban, and methoxychlor on stream invertebrates. Canadian Entomologist 105(6): 817-831, 1973
Methoxychlor residues in fish tissues following treatment of the athabasca river alberta canada and following experimental exposures. Canadian Federation of Biological Societies Proceedings (21): 158, 1978
Methoxychlor residue studies in caged and wild fish from the athabasca river alberta following a single application of black fly larvicide. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 34(5): 626-632, 1977
Monitoring of methoxychlor residues in the Athabasca River system in northern Alberta after treatment for control of black fly larval populations. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 28(1): 15-32, 1993
Long-term reliability of the Athabasca River (Alberta, Canada) as the water source for oil sands mining. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 112(41): 12621-6, 2015
Adult fish survey for environmental effects monitoring on the Athabasca River for the Alberta Newsprint Company, Whitecourt, Alberta. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences 0(2144): 126-127, 1997
Chronic effects of methoxychlor on Bluegills and aquatic invertebrates. Tech. Pap. Bur. Sport Fish. Wildl., 53: 1-18,6 pis, 1970
Benthic invertebrate community survey for environmental effects monitoring on the Athabasca River for Alberta Newsprint Company, Whitecourt, Alberta. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences 0(2144): 138, 1997
The effects of an experimental injection of methoxychlor on aquatic invertebrates: accumulation, standing crop, and drift. Canadian Entomologist, 1111: 73-89, 1979
71 Diptera Author Index 1973 The effect of experimental blackfly Diptera Simuliidae larviciding with abate, dursban and methoxychlor on stream invertebrates. Canadian Ent, 1056: 817-831, 1973
Effects of an experimental injection of methoxychlor in 1974 on aquatic invertebrates: accumulation, standing crop, and drift. Control of black flies in the Athabasca River Technical report An interdisciplinary study for the chemical control of Simulium arcticum Malloch in relation to the bionomics of biting flies in the protection of human, animal, and industrial resources and its impact on the aquatic environment: 131-139, 1980
Distribution and persistence of methoxychlor in Athabasca River mud and bedload. Control of black flies in the Athabasca River Technical report An interdisciplinary study for the chemical control of Simulium arcticum Malloch in relation to the bionomics of biting flies in the protection of human, animal, and industrial resources and its impact on the aquatic environment: 63-73, 1980


Bringing Up Father / Mutt and Jeff / The Gumps. Lot of Seven Comics.
[Platinum Age] Bringing Up Father / Mutt and Jeff / The Gumps. Lot of Seven Comics. New York: Cupples and Leon, 1920s. Five vols. of "Bringing Up Father", one vol. each of the other series. Mutt and Jeff with tape-repaired front cover, otherwise generally good condition.


text:
(-) Families, Children
WWS Reacts: Leaked Cables Reveal Iran's Influence over Iraq
Around 700 pages of documents detailing Iran's influence of Iraq were leaked earlier this week, published simultaneously by the Intercept and The New…
WWS Reacts: Trump's Decision to Withdrawal U.S. Troops from Syria
Last week, President Donald Trump withdrew all U.S. troops from northern Syria. Later, a deal was made between the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) and…
Virtual Reality: A New Space for Developing Nuclear Arms Control
Nuclear weapons dangers are increasing across the globe, with growing arsenals, new weapon systems, plans for using nuclear weapons even earlier in a…
Politics & Polls #128: National Security in the Cyber Age
David Sanger, national security correspondent and senior writer for The New York Times, joins Sam Wang in this episode to discuss the growing…
Students Learn Fast-Paced Decision-Making Through Annual Crisis Simulation
Princeton University's Center for International Security Studies (CISS) hosted more than 50 undergraduate and graduate students from Princeton…


text:
South Africa going Communist 3
Nelson Mandela's party, the ANC, has been a front for the South African Communist Party ever since he became its leader and adopted terrorism as its tactic to gain power.
It has just won another election, and feeling secure, it is now planning to go all the way to turning South Africa into a Communist hell.
It will be worse for the majority black population than the old apartheid hell. It will be terrible for everyone except – as always in Communist countries – the ruling elite.
This is from the New American, by Alex Newman:
After another electoral victory in South Africa, the ruling African National Congress (ANC)-South African Communist Party (SACP) regime plans to pursue what it calls the "radical second phase" of its ongoing revolution. Among other elements, the SACP announced in a statement that the plot involves confiscating private property and businesses as part of "the strategic transformation of the ownership and control function of key commanding heights of the economy". …
While the international and even domestic press has been virtually silent on the dangerous acceleration of "revolution" in South Africa, the Communist Party has been largely open about its scheming. In fact, earlier this month, the party's Central Committee even published a statement entitled How the radical Second Phase must be pursued. The document outlined the communist agenda for South Africa and celebrated the party's ongoing success in dismantling the remaining vestiges of South African liberty and markets.
"Long ignored as an irrelevant 'scare story,' the 'Red danger' [rooi gevaar in Afrikaans] is not just back — it is in control. It never disappeared," explained Frans Cronje, chief of the [liberal] South African Institute of Race Relations (SAIRR). …The communists "sit quietly behind the throne, with enormous influence on the line of thought in the ANC," Cronje continued in his Rapport column following the South African election. "Such influence also makes sense from a historical point of view, because the communists have long been serving as the generator of ideas in the ANC. This last year shows how huge this influence has become."
Numerous examples of the SACP role in policy were cited by the SAIRR chief. Among them: proposals for even more draconian race-driven affirmative action, proposed jail sentences for violations of "Black Economic Empowerment" schemes, the cancelling of investment agreements with 15 Western countries, a plot to allow government to seize any commercial property without compensation, a ploy to force farmers to surrender 50 percent of their land, the proposed expropriation of parts of the private-security sector, the introduction of legislation to expropriate certain oil and gas investments, and more. …
Of course, as top Communist Party and ANC officials have admitted, the ANC — dominated for decades by the SACP and bankrolled by the Soviet Union and Western globalists — is and has been crucial to the whole communist "revolution" … After the latest election … the SACP and its shadowy operations are becoming increasingly visible. …
The lies surrounding Mandela's Communist Party affiliation have all crumbled since his death. Both the SACP and the ANC, for example, admitted in official statements after his death that the idolized revolutionary had in fact served on the Soviet-backed Communist Party's decision-making Central Committee. More recently, the release of Mandela's original autobiography — before it was sanitized by an operative currently working in the Obama administration — revealed the former president and ANC chief's affinity for violence[and] communist terror. …
Today, the communists even openly boast of their success in seizing power. "The [Central Committee] noted the election of a significant number of SACP members to national and provincial legislatures, as well as the appointment of Central Committee members as Ministers and Deputy Ministers in national government," the party bosses said in their public statement. "Other CC members have been appointed as MECs [Members of the Executive Council, or provincial cabinet] in provinces and as premier of the Eastern Cape province." …
In its statement on the recent elections, where the SACP-dominated ANC again crushed its fractured opposition despite the ongoing implosion of South Africa, the Communist Party Central Committee said the time had come for the revolution to enter its next stage. "Let us now carry forward the momentum — from our election victory to a second radical phase of the national democratic revolution!" the SACP bosses said.
President Zuma, a "former" SACP member who has come under severe fire for corruption, rape, and regularly singing songs about exterminating white South Africans, appears to be fully on board with the communist plot to fundamentally transform the nation. As the SACP statement put it, the reelected South African ruler "unambiguously announced a radical new turn as the key priority of his second presidential term".
The two-phase "revolutionary theory" in question can be traced back to Soviet thinking, experts point out. In South Africa, the first phase involved forcing the white-led "colonial" regime to surrender power so that communist operatives could be placed in charge of every level of governance. Communist powers and Western globalists played a key role in bringing that about. In the beginning, at least, communist theorists argued that a phase of "bourgeois democracy" had to be tolerated as part of the "national democratic revolution".
"Democratic" in the Communist meaning of the word – ie. anti-democratic.
The "radical second phase" … calls for the creation of a full-blown socialist dictatorship to erect what the communist conspirators refer to as a "workers' state". After allowing elements of the market economy to build up communist might during phase one, the coming segment of the revolution aims to consolidate full control over industry, land, resources, government, capital, credit, and society itself. …
Boasting of its ongoing central planning schemes such as the "New Growth Path policy", the "Industrial Policy Action Plan", and a gargantuan "infrastructure build" program, the SACP called for the acceleration and consolidation of "state-led initiatives". It also demanded more "long-range planning, now institutionalized more firmly within government", a major focus on "skills training" to prepare South Africans for their centrally planned jobs, and the "more effective leveraging" of key state-owned "financial institutions", such as the Development Bank of Southern Africa.
Other "critical elements of a radical second phase" of its "National Democratic Revolution" include stepping up the nationalization of private property and non-government assets. The SACP demanded, for example, the "strategic transformation of the ownership and control function of key commanding heights of the economy; and accelerated land reform in both rural and urban areas, focused on food production and safety, sustainable livelihoods and integrated urbanization". Already-terrorized farmers now literally have a target on their backs.
As they did in Zimbabwe. Once prosperous Southern Rhodesia. Now a miserably unfree and hungry country, reduced to abysmal poverty by the Maoist dictator and mass-murderer Robert Mugabe, who managed to inflate the currency to the second or third highest degree ever attained in any nation in recorded history.
If the SACP-ANC regime succeeds in its plans, South Africa will go the way of every other nation in history that has been enslaved under communist tyranny. Poverty will explode, freedom will vanish …
There has been little sign that the Western world cares very much. It cared (rightly) about apartheid oppression. Communism is no longer considered an evil by Western European governments, or by the present US administration. (Eastern Europeans, not long emerged from under the lash of Soviet Communism, know better.)
But South Africa is mineral rich. Johannesburg since its founding has been The City of Gold. Listen for the outcry from Western investors when all investment and private ownership is ended and wealth confiscated.
Posted under Africa, Commentary, communism, South Africa, Soviet Union by Jillian Becker on Monday, July 21, 2014
Tagged with African National Congress (ANC), Alex Newman, Frans Cronje, Nelson Mandela a member of the SACP, President Jacob Zuma corrupt, South Africa under Communist rule, South African Communist Party (SACP), the South African Institute of Race Relations (SAIRR)


text:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <property name="dialect">
            org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
        </property>
        <property name="connection.url">
            <!--jdbc:mysql://127.13.134.130:3306/thecodex-->
            jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/thecodex
        </property>
        <property name="connection.driver_class">
            com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
        </property>
        <property name="connection.username">
            admin
            <!--adminVu7zZry-->
        </property>
        <property name="connection.password">
            admin
            <!--5EbxHPRzUXSM-->
        </property>
        <property name="show_sql">
            true
        </property>

        <mapping resource="Level1.hbm.xml"/>
        <mapping class="entity.Level1"/>

        <mapping resource="Level2.hbm.xml"/>
        <mapping class="entity.Level2"/>

        <mapping resource="Level3.hbm.xml"/>
        <mapping class="entity.Level3"/>

        <mapping resource="Level4.hbm.xml"/>
        <mapping class="entity.Level4"/>

    </session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Architecture and Design Arts Asian and Pacific Studies Business and Economics Chemistry Classical and Ancient Near Eastern Studies Computer Sciences Cultural Studies Engineering General Interest Geosciences History Industrial Chemistry Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies Jewish Studies Law Library and Information Science, Book Studies Life Sciences Linguistics and Semiotics Literary Studies Materials Sciences Mathematics Medicine Music Pharmacy Philosophy Physics Social Sciences Sports and Recreation Theology and Religion
Open Access for Institutions
Publish Your Open Access Content
Publish Your Journal Article
Order Inspection Copies
Libraries & Trade Partners
Our Digital Products
Evidence Based Acquisition
For Trade Partners
Order Review Copies
Services for Societies
Free Access Policy
About De Gruyter
Working at De Gruyter
Our Application Procedures and FAQ
Birkhäuser
De Gruyter Mouton
De Gruyter Oldenbourg
De Gruyter Saur
Edition Klaus Schwarz
Jovis
Blogs, News and Social Media
Publisher Partner Program
Walter de Gruyter Foundation
Multi Volume Work
BY ACCESS
Licensed Access
Open Section Library and Information Science, Book Studies (4)
Libraries and Library Science (4)
Open Section Communication Science (2)
Mass Communication (2)
Public and Political Communication (2)
From 2050 2030 2029 2028 2027 2026 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 1985 1984 1983 1982 1981 1980 1979 1978 1977 1976 1975 1974 1973 1972 1971 1970 1969 1968 1967 1966 1965 1964 1963 1962 1961 1960 1959 1958 1957 1956 1955 1954 1953 1952 1951 1950 1949 1948 1947 1946 1945 1944 1943 1942 1941 1940 1939 1938 1937 1936 1935 1934 1933 1932 1931 1930 1929 1928 1927 1926 1925 1924 1923 1922 1921 1920 1919 1918 1917 1916 1915 1914 1913 1912 1911 1910 1909 1908 1907 1906 1905 1904 1903 1902 1901 1900 1899 1898 1897 1896 1895 1894 1893 1892 1891 1890 1889 1888 1887 1886 1885 1884 1883 1882 1881 1880 1879 1878 1877 1876 1875 1874 1873 1872 1871 1870 1869 1868 1867 1866 1865 1864 1863 1862 1861 1860 1859 1858 1857 1856 1855 1854 1853 1852 1851 1850 1849 1848 1847 1846 1845 1844 1843 1842 1841 1840 1839 1838 1837 1836 1835 1834 1833 1832 1831 1830 1829 1828 1827 1826 1825 1824 1823 1822 1821 1820 1819 1818 1817 1816 1815 1814 1813 1812 1811 1810 1809 1808 1807 1806 1805 1804 1803 1802 1801 1800 1799 1798 1797 1796 1795 1794 1793 1792 1791 1790 1789 1788 1787 1786 1785 1779 1777 1770 1753 1749 1678 1658 — To 2050 2030 2029 2028 2027 2026 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 1985 1984 1983 1982 1981 1980 1979 1978 1977 1976 1975 1974 1973 1972 1971 1970 1969 1968 1967 1966 1965 1964 1963 1962 1961 1960 1959 1958 1957 1956 1955 1954 1953 1952 1951 1950 1949 1948 1947 1946 1945 1944 1943 1942 1941 1940 1939 1938 1937 1936 1935 1934 1933 1932 1931 1930 1929 1928 1927 1926 1925 1924 1923 1922 1921 1920 1919 1918 1917 1916 1915 1914 1913 1912 1911 1910 1909 1908 1907 1906 1905 1904 1903 1902 1901 1900 1899 1898 1897 1896 1895 1894 1893 1892 1891 1890 1889 1888 1887 1886 1885 1884 1883 1882 1881 1880 1879 1878 1877 1876 1875 1874 1873 1872 1871 1870 1869 1868 1867 1866 1865 1864 1863 1862 1861 1860 1859 1858 1857 1856 1855 1854 1853 1852 1851 1850 1849 1848 1847 1846 1845 1844 1843 1842 1841 1840 1839 1838 1837 1836 1835 1834 1833 1832 1831 1830 1829 1828 1827 1826 1825 1824 1823 1822 1821 1820 1819 1818 1817 1816 1815 1814 1813 1812 1811 1810 1809 1808 1807 1806 1805 1804 1803 1802 1801 1800 1799 1798 1797 1796 1795 1794 1793 1792 1791 1790 1789 1788 1787 1786 1785 1779 1777 1770 1753 1749 1678 1658
Future Publications
Greek, Ancient (to 1453)
Uncoded
REFINE BY PUBLISHER
De Gruyter Akademie Forschung
düsseldorf university press
Otto Schmidt - De Gruyter
ARC Humanities Press
Academic Studies Press
Bielefeld University Press, transcript Verlag
Böhlau Verlag
Bucknell University Press
Fordham University Press
Gorgias Press
Gütersloher Verlagshaus
Iberoamericana Vervuert
ISEAS Publishing
Multilingual Matters
Medieval Institute Publications
New York University Press
Verlag Dr. Otto Schmidt
Rutgers University Press
RWS Verlag
University of Hawaii Press
University of Pennsylvania Press
University of Toronto Press
Vincentz Network
Wolters Kluwer Deutschland
You are looking at 1 - 6 of 6 items
Author: Robert W. Vaagan x
Sort by RelevanceTitle - A to ZTitle - Z to ADate - Old to RecentDate - Recent to Old
Robert W. Vaagan
in The Ethics of Librarianship
Frontmatter
The Ethics of Librarianship
An International Survey
Series: IFLA Publications, 101
Open Standards in Scientific Communication and Publishing
The paper takes as a starting point a recent EU Commission report on scientific publishing in Europe (Dewatripont et al 2006). In Norway, where a new system of documentation of scientific publishing was introduced in 2005, several of the recommendations in this report have already been anticipated. The Norwegian documentation system which has already proven controversial in parts of the research community and lacks parallells in other Nordic countries like Denmark and Sweden, is expected to have considerable consequences on Norwegian publishing patterns, such as increased use of electronic journals and of open standards such as Open Access and Open Source (Vaagan 2005). As e-publishing grows as part of the process of globalization, there is increasing awareness in many countries of ethical concerns in science and in scientific publishing, including the need for public access to publicly-funded research results. In this perspective, the paper links open standards in scientific communication and publishing to the principle of universality of science and to information ethics priorities identified by Capurro (2004). Qualitative methodology is used with critical & typical case sampling (Patton 2002) of key policy documents as well as international articles on e-publishing 2000-2005, especially from DLib magazine. In conclusion, it is suggested that open standards such as Open Access and Open Source are likely to increase in scientific publishing in the future, both in Norway and in the EU.
in Nordicom Review
Websites and Internationalization: A Survey of Norwegian Academic, Research and Special Libraries
Maria-Carme Torras and Robert W. Vaagan
Norway currently has 362 academic, research and special libraries, most of which have developed websites to provide a variety of online services to users, including a growing number of part-time and distance education users. While most websites and services are provided in Norwegian only, forces of globalization are pushing institutions to provide an increasing range of services also in English. Based on an analysis of all 362 library websites, including a typical case sampling of three case studies, the article argues that an increasing amount of information will be made available in English on library websites, but that the process will stop short of full bilingual provision.
in Libri
Maarit Jaakkola, Asta Smedegaard Nielsen, Ari Heinonen, Jutta Haider, and Robert W. Vaagan
for relevant news, product releases and more.
Primary occupation
© Walter de Gruyter GmbH 2020


text:
__version__="1.22"
__author__="Cashiuus"
## =============[ CONSTANTS ]============= ##
START_TIME=$(date +%s)
APP_PATH=$(readlink -f $0)
APP_BASE=$(dirname "${APP_PATH}")
APP_NAME=$(basename "${APP_PATH}")
APP_ARGS=$@
LINES=$(tput lines)
COLS=$(tput cols)
HOST_ARCH=$(dpkg --print-architecture)      # (e.g. output: "amd64")

APP_SETTINGS="${HOME}/.config/penbuilder/settings.conf"
LOG_FILE="${APP_BASE}/debug.log"
DEBUG=true
DO_LOGGING=false

## =========================[ START :: LOAD FILES ]========================= ##
if [[ -s "${APP_BASE}/../common.sh" ]]; then
    source "${APP_BASE}/../common.sh"
    [[ "$DEBUG" = true ]] && echo -e "${ORANGE}[DEBUG] :: source files :: success${RESET}"
else
    echo -e "${RED} [ERROR]${RESET} common.sh functions file is missing."
    [[ "$DEBUG" = true ]] && echo -e "${ORANGE}[DEBUG] :: source files :: fail${RESET}"
    exit 1
fi
## ==========================[ END :: LOAD FILES ]]========================== ##

check_root

## ========================================================================== ##
# =======================[  START :: HELPER FUNCTIONS  ]====================== #
function pause() {
  # Simple function to pause a script mid-stride
  #
  local dummy
  read -s -r -p "Press any key to continue..." -n 1 dummy
}

function asksure() {
  ###
  # Usage:
  #   if asksure; then
  #        echo "Okay, performing rm -rf / then, master...."
  #   else
  #        echo "Awww, why not :("
  #   fi
  ###
  echo -n "Are you sure (Y/N)? "
  while read -r -n 1 -s answer; do
    if [[ $answer = [YyNn] ]]; then
      [[ $answer = [Yy] ]] && retval=0
      [[ $answer = [Nn] ]] && retval=1
      break
    fi
  done
  echo
  return $retval
}

# ============================[ Preparations / Settings ]=========================== #
function init_settings() {
    ###
    # Initialize standard configuration or prepare if first-run.
    #
    ###
    if [[ ! -f "${APP_SETTINGS}" ]]; then
        mkdir -p $(dirname ${APP_SETTINGS})
        echo -e "${GREEN}[*] ${RESET}Creating configuration directory"
        echo -e "${GREEN}[*] ${RESET}Creating initial settings file"
        cat <<EOF > "${APP_SETTINGS}"
### KALI PERSONAL BUILD SETTINGS

EOF
    fi

    echo -e "[*] Reading from settings file, please wait..."
    source "${APP_SETTINGS}"
    [[ "$DEBUG" = true ]] && echo -e "${ORANGE}[DEBUG] App Settings Path: ${APP_SETTINGS}${RESET}"
}

function init_settings_openvpn() {
    [[ "$DEBUG" = true ]] && echo -e "${ORANGE}[DEBUG] Generating initial VPN defaults into settings file${RESET}"
    cat <<EOF >> "${APP_SETTINGS}"
# VPN Custom Configuration
VPN_PREP_DIR="\${HOME}/vpn-setup"

VPN_SERVER=''
VPN_PORT='1194'
VPN_PROTOCOL='udp'
VPN_SUBNET="10.9.8.0"
# An array of clients, you may add more below to create additional openvpn clients' packages.
CLIENT_NAME[0]="client1"
EOF

    source "${APP_SETTINGS}"
}

# Initialize configuration directory and settings file
init_settings

# If our VPN server variable is not defined, assert this is a first-run & generate defaults
[[ ! ${VPN_SERVER} ]] && init_settings_openvpn

function check_setting() {
    ###
    # Check a setting and determine if its value is valid.
    #
    ###
    if [[ $1 = '' ]]; then
        [[ "$DEBUG" = true ]] && echo -e "${ORANGE}[DEBUG] Setting Invalid: $1${RESET}"

    fi
}

# Check VPN Server IP Address and prompt for input
if [[ ! $VPN_SERVER ]]; then
    echo -e "\n${YELLOW}[ERROR] Invalid VPN Server: Missing VPN Server IP Adress variable"
    echo -e -n "${GREEN}[+] ${RESET}"
    read -r -p "Enter OpenVPN Server IP: " -e VPN_SERVER
    # Write to settings file
    echo -e "# VPN Custom Configuration" >> "${APP_SETTINGS}"
    echo "VPN_SERVER=${VPN_SERVER}" >> "${APP_SETTINGS}"
fi

## ========================================================================== ##
# ================================[  BEGIN  ]================================ #
$SUDO apt-get -y install openvpn openssl

# If openvpn is currently running, stop the service first
if [[ $(which openvpn) ]]; then
    #service openvpn stop
    $SUDO systemctl stop openvpn
    #$SUDO openvpn --version
    sleep 2
fi

# -==  Setup Easy-RSA Package  ==-
filedir="${HOME}/git/easy-rsa"
if [[ ! -d "${filedir}" ]]; then
    mkdir -p "${filedir}"
    cd "${filedir}"
    git clone git://github.com/OpenVPN/easy-rsa
fi

[[ ! -d "${VPN_PREP_DIR}" ]] && mkdir -p "${VPN_PREP_DIR}"
# Copy Easy-rsa3 directly into the setup folder
# Cannot use "*" within quotes, because inside quotes, special chars do not expand
cp -R "${filedir}"/easy-rsa/easyrsa3/* "${VPN_PREP_DIR}"
cd "${VPN_PREP_DIR}"

# NOTE: Can't find a use for vars because you can't control cert output paths, only pki path
#mv vars.example vars

# ===============================[ Initialize PKI Infra ]============================== #
function new_pki {
    ###
    #   Function to initialize a new PKI structure for signing certs. If one exists, will prompt
    #   to either keep existing or clear and start new.
    ###
    # Clean
    echo -e "${GREEN}[*]${RESET} Initializing a new PKI system within the specified directory path."
    cd "${VPN_PREP_DIR}"
    ./easyrsa init-pki
    # Result:
        # [[ "$DEBUG" = true ]] && echo -e "${ORANGE}[DEBUG] New PKI Dir: ${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki

    # Build CA
    ./easyrsa build-ca
    # Result:
        # [[ "$DEBUG" = true ]] && echo -e "${ORANGE}[DEBUG] CA Cert now at: ${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki/ca.crt

    # If CA not successfully built, halt setup
    [[ $? -ne 0 ]] && echo -e "${YELLOW}[-] ERROR: CA not successfully built, did you enter a password?${RESET}" && exit 1
}

if [[ -f "${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki/ca.crt" ]]; then
    echo -e "\n${YELLOW} [*] PKI Structure already exists!${RESET}"
    read -n 5 -i "N" -p " [+] Purge PKI and start fresh? [y,N]: " -e response
    echo -e
    case $response in
        [Yy]* ) new_pki;;
    esac
else
    [[ ! -d "${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki" ]] && new_pki
fi

# -==[ OpenVPN Server Key ]==-
# Build Server Key, if one of the key/crt is missing (in case you accidentally forgot to confirm the crt)
if [[ ! -f "${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki/private/server.key" || ! -f "${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki/issued/server.crt" ]]; then
    cd "${VPN_PREP_DIR}"
    echo -e "${GREEN}[*]${RESET} Generating Server Key"
    ./easyrsa gen-req server nopass
    # Result:
    #   Keypair and certificate request completed. Your files are:
    #   request:    ${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki/reqs/server.req
    #   key:        ${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki/private/server.key

    # Sign Server Key with CA
    echo -e "${GREEN}[*]${RESET} Sign Server Certificate; Enter CA Passphrase below"
    ./easyrsa sign-req server server
    # Result:
    #   Certificate created at: ${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki/issued/server.crt
    cp -u pki/private/server.key /etc/openvpn/
    cp -u pki/issued/server.crt /etc/openvpn/
fi

# -==[ OpenVPN Server DH Key ]==-
if [[ ! -f "${VPN_PREP_DIR}/dhparam.pem" ]]; then
    if [[ "$DEBUG" = true ]]; then
        echo -e "${ORANGE}[DEBUG] Debug is enabled, so skipping DH key generation${RESET}"
    else
        echo -e "${GREEN}[*]${RESET} Generating Diffie Hellman Key"
        openssl dhparam -out dhparam.pem 4096
    fi
fi

# ===[ Build Static HMAC Key that prevents certain DoS attacks ]===
if [[ ! -f "${VPN_PREP_DIR}/ta.key" ]]; then
    echo -e "${GREEN}[*]${RESET} Generating HMAC Key"
    /usr/sbin/openvpn --genkey --secret ta.key
fi

# ===[ CLIENT KEY-PAIR Creation ]===
for i in "${CLIENT_NAME[@]}"; do
    # Build Client Key, if it doesn't already exist
    if [[ ! -f "${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki/private/${i}.key" ]]; then
        echo -e "${GREEN}[*]${RESET} Generating Client Certificate/Key Pair for: ${i}"
        ./easyrsa gen-req "${i}" nopass
        sleep 3
        echo -e "${GREEN}[*]${RESET} Sign Client Certificate; Enter CA Passphrase below"
        ./easyrsa sign-req client "${i}"

        [[ $? -ne 0 ]] && echo -e "${RED}[ERROR] ${RESET}Failed to sign client cert. Restart and try again." && exit 1
        # No password on agents, or we have to come up with a complex solution for
        # entering the password when agent boots up.
        #       see: https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=150440
        #
        # Result:
        #   Keypair and certificate request completed. Your files are:
        #       request:    ${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki/reqs/client1.req
        #       key:        ${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki/private/client1.key
        # -----------------------[ BUILD CLIENT OVPN FILE - merge.sh ]----------------------------- #
        echo -e "${GREEN}[*]${RESET} Building Client conf/ovpn File"
        ca="${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki/ca.crt"
        cert="${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki/issued/${i}.crt"
        key="${VPN_PREP_DIR}/pki/private/${i}.key"
        tlsauth="${VPN_PREP_DIR}/ta.key"

        # Generate client base config
        cd "${VPN_PREP_DIR}"
        file="${i}.conf"
        cat << EOF > "${file}"
client
dev tun
proto ${VPN_PROTOCOL}
# remote server IP
remote $VPN_SERVER $VPN_PORT
resolv-retry infinite
nobind
persist-key
persist-tun
remote-cert-tls server
cipher AES-256-CBC
comp-lzo
# Increase to verb 4 for troubleshooting only
verb 3
mute 20
EOF

        #   Delete pre-existing entries to keys and certs first
        sed -i \
        -e '/ca .*'$ca'/d'  \
        -e '/cert .*'$cert'/d' \
        -e '/key .*'$key'/d' \
        -e '/tls-auth .*'$tlsauth'/d' $file

        #   Add keys and certs inline
        echo "key-direction 1" >> $file

        echo "<ca>" >> $file
        awk /BEGIN/,/END/ < $ca >> $file
        echo "</ca>" >> $file

        echo "<cert>" >> $file
        awk /BEGIN/,/END/ < $cert >> $file
        echo "</cert>" >> $file

        echo "<key>" >> $file
        awk /BEGIN/,/END/ < $key >> $file
        echo "</key>" >> $file

        echo "<tls-auth>" >> $file
        awk /BEGIN/,/END/ < $tlsauth >> $file
        echo "</tls-auth>" >> $file
    else
        echo -e "${RED}[-] ERROR:${RESET} This client (${i}) already has an issued key pair."
        echo -e "${RED}[-]${RESET} To make a new request, you must first revoke the original with:"
        echo -e "${RED}[-]${RESET}\t${GREEN}./easyrsa revoke <cert_name>${RESET}"
        echo -e "\n${RED}[-]${RESET} Then, you may also need to manually delete this client's \".crt, .key, and .req\" files.\n\n"
        echo -e "${YELLOW}[*]${RESET} Proceeding with OpenVPN Server setup process."
    fi

    # Generate client-specific "CCD" configs
    #[[ ! -d "/etc/openvpn/ccd" ]] && mkdir -p /etc/openvpn/ccd
    #file="/etc/openvpn/ccd/${i}"
    #cat <<EOF > "${file}"
# This file ensures the client-specific settings
# The file's name must equal the Common Name of its certificate
# First, we give the client a set IP that never changes
#ifconfig-push 10.9.8.1 10.9.8.2

# If we want, we can enable backend routes on the client
# To enable this, you first place "route 192.158.1.0 255.255.255.0"
# into the server.conf, then uncomment the line below.
# This will give that subnet access to the VPN and vice versa. Only works if routing,
# not bridging...e.g. using "dev tun" and "server" directives.
#iroute 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
#EOF

# -==[ End of Client Configs creation ]==-
done

# Generate the server configuration file
file="/etc/openvpn/server.conf"
cat <<EOF > "${file}"
daemon
dev tun
port $VPN_PORT
# FWIW: TCP is more reliable than UDP if behind a proxy
proto ${VPN_PROTOCOL}
tls-server
# --Certs--
# HMAC Protection, Server is 0, Client is 1
tls-auth ta.key 0
ca ca.crt
cert server.crt
key server.key
dh dhparam.pem
# VPN Subnet to use; Gateway being 10.9.8.1
server ${VPN_SUBNET} 255.255.255.0

# Maintain a record of IP associations. If a client goes down
# it will reconnect and be given the same IP address
# *NOTE: This setting conflicts with 'duplicate-cn' and is disabled during testing
#ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt

# Redirect clients' default gateway, bypassing dhcp server issues
push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp"
# Disabling this for now
#push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8"

### Client Settings
client-to-client
duplicate-cn
max-clients 3
# Push Routes to Client

# Client-specific configs or certificates
#client-config-dir ccd

# Compression, copy to client config also
comp-lzo

# Cipher entries must be copied to the client config as well
cipher AES-256-CBC

# keepalive causes ping-like messages to be sent back
# and forth over the link so that each side knows when
# the other side has gone down. 10 120 = ping every 10 seconds
# assume that remote peer is down if no ping received during
# a 120-second time period.
keepalive 10 120
user nobody
group nogroup
persist-key
persist-tun

# Output a short status file showing current connections, each minute
status openvpn-status.log
log-append /var/log/openvpn.log
verb 4
mute 20

# *UNTESTED* --TLS CIPHERS-- (Avoid DES)
# Below are TLS 1.2 & require OpenVPN 2.3.3+
#tls-cipher TLS-DHE-RSA-WITH-AES-256-GCM-SHA384
# Below are TLS 1.0 & require OpenVPN 2.3.2 or lower
#tls-cipher TLS-DHE-RSA-WITH-AES-256-CBC-SHA
EOF

# Copy all server keys to /etc/openvpn/ if they've been updated
echo -e "${GREEN}[*]${RESET} Moving Server Certificate Files to /etc/openvpn/"
cd "${VPN_PREP_DIR}"
cp -u ./{dhparam.pem,ta.key} /etc/openvpn/
cp -u pki/ca.crt /etc/openvpn/

# Make sure all cert/key files are set to 644
chmod 644 /etc/openvpn/{ca.crt,server.crt,server.key,ta.key,dhparam.pem}

# Harden the keys
#chmod 600 /etc/openvpn/server.key
#chmod 600 /etc/openvpn/ta.key

# Enable IP Forwarding
echo -e "${GREEN}[*]${RESET} Configuring IP Forwarding and Firewall Exceptions"
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
# Make it permanent
file="/etc/sysctl.conf"
sed -i 's|^#net.ipv4.ip_forward=1|net.ipv4.ip_forward=1|' "${file}"

# TODO: ipv6 line in same file needs uncommented for IPv6 packet forwarding
# #net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1

# Base Firewall Configuration to ensure success
#iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o tap0 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
#iptables -A FORWARD -s "{$VPN_SUBNET}/24" -o eth0 -j ACCEPT
# Only enable the line below if you wish client traffic to have Internet access
# This may be insecure if the client is in a sensitive area that shouldn't have this.
#iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s "${VPN_SUBNET}/24" -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

# Finish
cd ~
echo -e "${GREEN}[*]${RESET} Restarting OpenVPN Service to Initialize VPN Server"
#service openvpn restart
systemctl start openvpn
sleep 5s
[[ $? -ne 0 ]] && systemctl reload openvpn

echo -e -n "\n${YELLOW}[+] Enable OpenVPN for Autostart:${RESET}"
read -r -p " [Y,n]: " -i "y" -e response
echo -e ""
case $response in
    [Yy]* ) systemctl enable openvpn;;
esac

# TODO: Ensure Apache is not bound to port 443 (ssl) or server cannot bind to port 443
# NOTE: Disable SSL anytime with command: a2dismod ssl; service apache2 restart
sleep 3s
echo -e "${GREEN}[*]${RESET} Netstat of VPN Server - is port ${VPN_PORT} listening?"
netstat -nutlap | grep "${VPN_PORT}"
sleep 5s

echo -e "\n${GREEN}============================================================${RESET}"
echo -e "\tVPN SERVER:\t${VPN_SERVER}"
echo -e "\tVPN Port:\t${VPN_PORT}/${VPN_PROTOCOL}"
echo -e "\tClient(s):\t${CLIENT_NAME[@]}"
echo -e "\tClient Conf(s):\t${VPN_PREP_DIR}/"
echo -e "${GREEN}============================================================${RESET}"
echo -e "\t\t${GREEN}[*]${RESET} OpenVPN Setup Complete!\n\n"

function finish() {
  ###
  # finish function: Any script-termination routines go here, but function cannot be empty
  #
  ###
  #clear
  [[ "$DEBUG" = true ]] && echo -e "${ORANGE}[DEBUG] :: function finish :: Script complete${RESET}"
  echo -e "${GREEN}[$(date +"%F %T")] ${RESET}App Shutting down, please wait..." | tee -a "${LOG_FILE}"

  FINISH_TIME=$(date +%s)
  echo -e "${BLUE} -=[ Penbuilder${RESET} :: ${BLUE}$APP_NAME ${BLUE}]=- ${GREEN}Completed Successfully ${RESET}-${ORANGE} (Time: $(( $(( FINISH_TIME - START_TIME )) / 60 )) minutes)${RESET}\n"
}
# End of script
trap finish EXIT

# =========================[ RELEASE NOTES / CHANGES ] ======================
#   OpenVPN 2.4 removed tls-remote option. Current setups using that option
#     will fail to work. Update your configuration to use verify-x509-name
#     instead.


text:
* be awesome to each other
* fun is required, don't be a killjoy
* `cp contrib/hooks/pre-commit .git/hooks/`
* **vendor everything**


20 posts/CTN, with plastic inner bag and wooden outside frame ; 10 Ballast bases/CTN,with plastic inner bag; 5 base covers/CTN.
6. Rubber ring: preventing base from abrading effectively.
7. Belt: Velert, nylon, Color optional, Length is 2m, 3m, 5m or up to customer; Information of customer could be printed on it.
8. Logo: Up to customer.
Notice: Your words or pictures could be printed on the blet.
Use occassion: Bank, Supermarket, Shopping mall, Exhibition, Station, Airport, School, Hospital, Gymnasium, Warehouse, Plant and so on, generally speaking, could be used at all public places.
Changsha Yongsheng Metal Products Co., Ltd is a professional manufacturer. Currently, our company has more than 500 existing staff members with nearly 10 specialized technology development experts. Our annual output reaches above 10,000,0000sets..
At present, we are dedicated ourselves to the production and development of retractive series, such as badge/pull reels, reflective slap wraps/snap bands, retractable dog leashes, stanchions and crowd control barriers, slotting plates and static electricity and lanyards. Our company has own departments for product development engineering, mold manufacture, injection molding processing, spiral spring processing, assembly and quality entire monitoring. Our product price is very competitive. At present, they sell well in Asian, North American, European and other international markets.
With professional standard production regulation and strict quality control, we always keep on the management idea of "positive innovation, high quality, continuous improvement, best services". "Honest and mutual benefits" are our tenet.
For further information, please feel free to contact our business development department or sales department for quotation and sample request.


text:
Q: Solving the simultaneous equations I need to solve the following simultaneous equations for the constants $A$ and $B$:
$$zA + (1-z)B = 1$$
$$\hspace{1.8cm} z^2A + (1-z)B = z^2 - z + 1$$
where$z$ is just a variable. What I did was this:
$$zA = 1 - (1-z)B \implies z^2A = z - (z - z^2)B$$
and so subbing this into the second equation gives me
$$z - (z - z^2)B + (1-z)B = z^2 -z + 1$$
Rearanging gives me
$$(z^2 - 2z + 1) = (1 - z)^2 = \{(1-z) - z(1 - z)\}B $$
which can then be simplified to get
$$(1 - z) = (1 - z)B \implies B = 1$$
which is wrong beacuse in my answers it says $B = \frac{1-z}{1 - 2z}$. I think I will get $A$ once I have $B$ but I can't see my mistake right now.

A: You system has infinitely many solutions if $A=B=1$ (for instance, substract the second from the first, and see what happens to $A$). Then, any $z$ satisfies it.
If $A\neq1$, then $z$ must be either $0$ or $1$. But plugging $z=1$ in the equations yields $A=1$, so the only solution is $z=0$.

A: Hints:
From eq. (1):
$$(1-z)B=1-Az$$
From eq. (2):
$$(1-z)B=(1-A)z^2-z+1$$
so
$$ (1)=(2)\implies (1-A)z^2-(1-A)z=0\implies A=1\;\; \text {or} \;\,\,z(z-1)=0\;\;\ldots$$

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
What Is the 21st Century Model for Education?
By Jim Shimabukuro
"We have a 21st century economy with a 19th century education system,"[1] says Rupert Murdoch, "the Australian-born US resident whose News Corp empire ranges from the Wall Street Journal and the Fox News Channel to British television and newspapers"[2] and "whose New York-based conglomerate includes Twentieth Century Fox, Fox News Channel, Dow Jones & Co., [and] MySpace."[3]
He is referring to Australia in the opening segment of his 2008 Boyer Lecture series, "A Golden Age of Freedom," which was broadcast from Sydney on 2 Nov. 2008,[4] but he could just as easily have been referring to the US.
The upshot of Murdoch's assessment is that we're "leaving too many children behind"[5] and they won't be able to compete in the global economy, opening the door for countries such as China and India to eventually "reshape the world."[6]
Robert A. Compton, a former venture capitalist, "former President of a NYSE company, . . . entrepreneur founder of four companies, and . . . an angel investor in more than a dozen businesses," was inspired by his travels to India in 2005 and 2006 to create the 54-minute documentary Two Million Minutes (see the 3-minute trailer below)[7] in 2007[8]. He, too, raised the alarm about the inability of our current educational system to produce graduates capable of competing against their counterparts in India and China. He says, "We are not preparing our children for the careers of the 21st century. We ignore the global standard of education at our peril."[9]
Assuming that Murdoch and Compton are in the ballpark with their assessment of our educational system and assuming that technology will have to play a key role in the change process, what are the key elements for an effective 21st century model for schools and colleges?
The Answer?
Please email your thoughts and responses to me at [jamess@hawaii.edu] for possible publication in I-Blog. It should be in the form of a brief article or personal essay, from 250-750 words in length. Be sure to indicate if it has been published elsewhere. Click on the "Guidelines" tab at the top of the page for submission information. Include your full name, affiliation, position, and email address. If you have a personal website or an Innovate bio, include the URL. I'll email you and wait for a confirmation before posting.
Responding Article
Technology Must Be Based on Quality Instructional Practice, by John Adsit
Filed under: Uncategorized | Tagged: 2008 Boyer Lecture, 21st Century, A Golden Age of Freedom, Australia, China, Dow Jones, Education, Fox News, Fox News Channel, global economy, India, Model, MySpace, News Corp, Robert A. Compton, Rupert Murdoch, series, Sydney, Twentieth Century Fox, Two Million Minutes, venture capitalist, Wall Street Journal | Leave a comment »


text:
Home Cloud Pentagon awards $9 bn cloud contract to Google, Amazon, Oracle, Microsoft
Pentagon awards $9 bn cloud contract to Google, Amazon, Oracle, Microsoft
The Pentagon has awarded cloud computing contract worth $9 billion to Alphabet Inc's Google, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft and Oracle. IBM did not receive the Cloud contract.
Pentagon said the cloud contracts, which run until 2028, will provide the Department of Defense with enterprise-wide, globally available cloud services across all security domains and classification levels.
The move comes months after the Pentagon had delayed its decision to award an enterprise-wide Joint Warfighting Cloud Capability (JWCC) contract earlier this year, Reuters news report said.
The deal puts the military more in line with private-sector companies, many of whom split up their cloud computing work among multiple vendors to avoid being locked in to any specific one.
Google makes changes to Android and Google Play in India
US targets Google to stop monopoly in digital advertising


This post comes from travel blogger, Adam Nutting.
For some people, every adventure starts with a plan. You might have spent a considerable amount of time working out every little detail such as where you will be starting, ending and everything in between. You have packed all of your gear, triple checked your lists and everything is in place. On the other hand, there are people who wish to be a bit more whimsical about their preparation. They pack last minute, have no real plan and hope that whatever choices they make will yield a grand adventure.
No matter your style of preparation your adventure is just about to begin.
An adventure does not always have to be a large, grandiose round-the-world trip. It could be as small as trying the new restaurant down the street. As long as you take that first step, you are already on the right track. Whether it's walking out your front door, setting foot in the airport, or stepping into your classroom, the point is simple. You are on your way. The adventure has begun!
The only thing guaranteed with any adventure is that you might as well toss out that road map you so diligently created and embrace changes. Will you embrace the change and accept that so much of what will happen will be outside of your control?
With these initial steps, you are placing yourself into the unknown. Some may think that sounds frightening, but it's really not! If you accept early on that your trip is an adventure and a large portion of the trip may be outside of your control, you will be able to relax and accept the joy of not knowing. I am sure we can all relate to a delayed flight, baggage gone missing, unplanned thunderstorms or horrid heat that you were totally not ready for. However, these elements allow for great memories and stories that may have not been able to take place before. Don't let yourself be scared or worried about these somewhat messy situations. Choose to embrace these situations and turn them into an even more memorable adventure!
I have lost luggage, missed connections in foreign countries where I did not speak the language, and have been stranded for more than twenty-four hours due to weather. There is a tendency to blame these situations on others, and to be fair, many issues can be linked to human error of some kind. However, these set backs happen. Instead of allowing these small instances to ruin your entire trip, think of them as little trials. They will test the strength of your patients, put your will-power in check, and make you a tougher individual.
So how do you make the best of things when everything is looking bad?
* Don't take things too seriously.
* Let things roll off your shoulders.
* Tell yourself that this will make a great story later on.
Traveling can be stressful and full of disasters, but if you always think that negative things are going to happen, then unfortunate things will always feel like they are happening. Some things are inevitable. Embrace the adventure, appreciate the journey, and don't look back. An adventure is waiting for you.
This post was written by a friend of mine, Adam Nutting. Adam has seen his fair share of adventures and misadventures. He currently lives in the Southwest where he spends his time traveling, and hiking. Adam is a blogger who writes for HikingTheTrail.com – a blog about hiking, adventure, and the outdoors. You can also find him on Twitter and Instagram.


There are so many poker sites out there it can be hard picking the right one for you. That's why here at Chips.co.uk we give you the ability to both read and write 32 Red poker reviews. We believe that an impartial 32 Red poker review can help punters to choose the right poker games for them. Without knowing what is in store it can be impossible to guess what a website will be like. The fact that our 32 Red poker reviews are written by real players who are just like you makes them that little bit more dependable.
It's easy to find yourself a 32 Poker online review right here. You shouldn't place any bets until you've checked to see if any other users have posted any 32 Red poker reviews. While looking at the 32 Red section here on Chips.co.uk, simply hover your cursor over 'poker' and one of the options that will be revealed will be reviews. Click here and you will find any 32 Red poker reviews that have been written. If there are none there then why not add a 32 Poker online review of your own?
With so many poker sites to choose from a 32Red poker review could be invaluable to anybody who is new to it. If you've used 32 Red then why not post a review yourself? It will only take a moment and it could really help somebody else like you to make the right choice. Just enter a name, it doesn't have to be your real name of course, then write your thoughts in the box below. Just keep it clean, honest and to the point.
Although we have 32 Red Poker online reviews, there are more ways to decide on your poker site than just user's opinions. When combined with our online free bets comparison lists it allows even novice poker players to pick the best games for their budget and abilities.


A neat robust garden, park or recreational area bench that is heavy weight, will not blow away, rot, entertain mould growth or insect infestation, and will last a lifetime.
The future is green, and every educational institution in the world knows this, and features some aspect of eco-friendly education on its curriculum.
Here is a practical way to demonstrate your environmental values and save time and money as well.
There will be no on going costs for maintenance, repair or replacement associated with these recycled plastic benches, and the plastic is collected from UK homes and businesses and not from far away places where transportation pollution increases the carbon footprint of the product significantly.
This recreational furniture is both recycled AND recyclable, and completely sustainable. We are aiming for a closed loop recycling cycle for British Plastic Waste.
If this bench doesn't suit you, try the 3 seater or 4 seater versions, or one of our other ranges of benches or picnic tables.
We are confident there will be something here to suit every taste, but if it isn't, let us know and we will get it for you.
Just use our contact form and we will respond quickly to any requests or suggestions.
A tough Bench in recycled plastic named after the River Irwell. Like our recycled plastic benches rivers are a great example of infinite loop recycling. Your recycled plastic Irwell Bench will outlast any wooden equivalent by decades and hardly show its age at all. Never rots, never needs paint. Looks great and unlike metal benching is warm as wood to sit on. Does not absorb any water so just wipe off after rain and sit down on a dry bench immediately.


text:
Choose a language Deutsch English Italiano Français Español Nederlands Türkçe
Milena Rampoldi
Translator and Editor
Opers and publications
Consulting For Authors
I work in association with ProMosaik to offer a huge range of services, like Language Courses. Since its foundation, the association ProMosaik, which focusses on tolerance and promotion of cultural diversity, has used different languages to engage itself for peace and human rights in different cultures and religions.
From the synergy of members and supporters of the association, a new project has been created following several months of association discussions, and concerns the offer of online language tuition courses over Skype. Such activity ideally fits with the association's focus on languages and cultural diversity and helps practical implementation of the linguistic-cultural vision of ProMosaik. The members of ProMosaik are aware that language and culture are two sides of the same coin. Languages represent cultural expressions whose linguistic forms to diffuse a message. Cultural comprehension can only occur with an understanding of any given culture's spoken language. In this sense, language courses represent an efficient means of getting acquainted with different people's cultures. For us language means intercultural dialogue and as a consequence such cultural exchanges and transmission between different people's serves to enlighten and enrich the comprehension, respect for, and appreciation of other people's cultures.
© 2019 Milena Rampoldi


Well it only took 2 weeks for Justin Rose to get accustomed to those new clubs. In only his second tournament after making a questionable decision to change clubs (Insert picture of money truck backing up to his house), Justin won the Farmers Insurance Open at Torrey Pines. After becoming number one in the world a few weeks ago while not even playing, Rose held off Adam Scott (Yes that is not a typo) by 2 strokes in a tournament that looked a lot closer than it was with Scott birdieing his last 4 holes while Rose had it in cruise control.
Rosie wasn't only winning a tournament yesterday, he was multitasking as he was also debunking the theory of "look good, feel good, play good". He definitely did not look good on Sunday with those fresh new sponsor threads and he decided to show them off in the color of peach…..peeyou. For his trouble, Rose took home a shade under $1.3 million and a couple trophies, one that looks like a tree and a surf board. I am really starting to kick myself that I was chirping the barrel trophy from the Safeway open as that is one of the best of the year it seems.
The top ten was filled with high end players this week. Adam Scott turned back the clock and had one of his best weeks since he won the masters. His week was so good it got people talking about how silky his swing is again and not about how he is a bottom 5 putter of all time. He seems to be another guy who is pro-putting with the pin in and it only backfired on him once from 18 inches ha. Talor Gooch, that's Talor with no Y finished tied for 3rd and has had great start to 2019 with 3 of 5 cuts made and has already made more money than he did all of last year.
Hideki Matsuyama was also tied for 3rd with Talor which isn't new for him during this stretch of the schedule. However, he did catch the biggest break of the week when he flat our duck hooked a 3 wood and it was left of left into a hazard but managed to "land" just inside the boundaries of the course and he managed to get it up and in for a par. I see you PGA. Tied for 5th was the big rig John Ram, Jason Day and Rory McIlroy. Rahm looked like a guy who was one more missed shot away from murdering someone on Sunday. The known hot head was trying his darndest to keep his cool. Rory on the other hand just needs to put it all together and we will see dominant Rory again. He is getting closer but fizzled on the weekend yet again, but also I could just watch him on the driving range for 8 hours a day every day.
Finally, Jason Day was in that grouping I watched pretty much the entire round on Sunday and kept wondering why they were showing Jason Day then saw he was 5th. What an unmemorable top 5 for team dad bod Jason Day. William "don't call me Billy" Horschel finished in solo 8th which is nice to see him finding his game. Gary Woodland quietly finished tied for 9th, I don't even think they showed one shot of his on the weekend. Three others tied for 9th as well. The mannequin boy Cam Smith, PGA Journeyman Scott Brown and soon to be Friend of the Pod Joel Dahmen and his bucket hat rounded out the top 10.
It was another strong week for the Canadian contingent this week. Mac Hughes was the most consistent player in the entire tournament shooting four straight rounds of 70 to finish tied for 29th. Adam Svensson continued his strong play finishing tied for 35th and if it wasn't for a stumble on Sunday, he could have been much higher up the leaderboard. Nick Taylor probably isn't happy with his finish but still cashed a check in 43rd and Ben Silverman played with Tiger on Sunday and it looks like he might have been star struck as he shot 75 and fell into a tie for 52nd. The lone Canadian to miss the cut was our boy Roger Sloan but the guy has been grinding for weeks so a missed cut was bound to happen after playing that many tournaments in a row. All in all, a good week for the Canucks.
Some other notable finishes this week were: Tony Finau was one birdie away from his first top 10 finish of the 2019 season instead he finished tied for 13th with a slimmer version of Patrick Reed. Reed made headlines Saturday when Jordan Speith hugged him on the first tee to squash the Ryder Cup beef that may or may not have been a thing. I cannot believe it has taken me this long to mention Tiger Woods. Tiger finished tied for 20th and slowly got better all week. If Tiger can keep building on this, he should definitely be in the hunt come major time. More importantly though, my dude Chucky 3 Stix cashed another cheque. Just under 80K this time. Sung Kang was also in that clump at T20, no word on whether he cheated or not this week.
Jordan Speith looked like he had things figured out after round 1 and then he found out there were 3 more rounds and while he kept making birdies he also had a few large numbers to balance them out. Rickie Fowler pissed off the golf gods with that disgusting untucked bowling shirt on Thursday and he finished T66, don't try and tell me that is a coincidence. Alex Noren, who lost in a playoff here last year, missed the cut. Fun fact: the low score last year was -10 compared to Justin Rose's -21 this year. In the bad break of the week, Patrick Cantlay needed a birdie on 18 to make the cut and he hit his approach, it was looking really good, then it hit the pin in the air and spun off the side of the green and Cantlay could not chip it in and ended up missing the cut.
That begs the question, should caddies be tending the flag on makeable approach shots? It might sound meaningless but hitting the pin in the air is much more detrimental than a ball rolling over the cup with no pin in. Bryson if you are reading this, make sure you credit DTG when you do this down the road. Finally, the thanks for coming out award goes to Dicky Werenski who was right in the hunt after Thursday then a Friday round of 80 had him miss the cut by 5 shots.
The Farmers Insurance Open did not disappoint in terms of quality golf, that's for sure. The only thing that could have made it better was if it was night golf. But we got our night golf fix this week with the Omega Dubai Desert Open which was won by none other than Bryson Dechambeau for his 4th win in his last 9 starts. That is a Tiger in his prime like winning percentage. Take that for what you will. Bryson also gave us a new term this week: He was discussing an approach shot with his caddy and they were discussing the air density. I am not even sure how you measure air density let alone how it fluctuates hole to hole or affects a shot. But hey whatever he is doing it is working. This week, the PGA makes one of its more popular stops with the Waste Management Phoenix Open. If it is anything like the golf that went down this week it should make for a good recap article come Monday.


You may have picked up from our subtle marketing that something new is on the horizon with the next release of BackupAssist, Version 7.
Now the public Beta is here I'm excited to be able to finally tell you all about the new features, which include a completely reworked interface design.
Upon opening up the BackupAssist application, the user is now presented with a much simpler interface with three main sections for backup, restore and recovery.
The job wizard has been reworked and the focus is now more towards scenario-based rather than specific job types and so should prove easier for first time users to pick up.
The interface has been simplified and any duplication of options removed which makes it feel a much slicker user experience. The colour scheme and layout has also been designed to blend well with the latest releases of Microsoft operating systems, making it feel much better integrated.
Jobs management and monitoring is still available as before but with a cleaner looking layout to help the important information stand out.
Along with the overall design improvements some key new features have been added.
Central Administration has been added to Version 7. This is the first iteration of this feature which enables backup administrators to easily remotely control BackupAssist over a built-in Web interface. Ideal If you have multiple BackupAssist installations on the network you need to control from a central management console.
This change is somewhat under the hood, but key for all administrators of Server 2012, and the new Microsoft imaging engine it brings with it. BackupAssist can now fully utilise this version of the imaging engine in all its imaging jobs. 2TB VHD file limits are no longer a limit in this release which means imaging can now be used for a much wider range of jobs.
As always, our Australian friends at developer Cortex are keen for your feedback so please help them make this the best release it can be by visiting their Beta announcement page and downloading a copy of the latest version!


text:
TV standoff ends: AT&T, Tegna reach deal bringing WKYC back to DirecTV in Cleveland market
Mike Snider
Just ahead of kickoff on Sunday NFL games, AT&T reached a deal bringing Tegna's 64 stations back to DirecTV.
The two companies had a standoff of more than two weeks that resulted in the removal of Tegna's stations in 51 markets across the U.S. from AT&T's satellite TV service, as well as AT&T U-verse and the AT&T TV streaming service.
More:Contractual disputes continue to keep two Cleveland TV stations off of satellite providers
The dispute blocked customers of AT&T's services from viewing Cleveland NBC affiliate WKYC Channel 3. Other major markets affected include Atlanta, Charlotte, Dallas, Denver, Houston, Indianapolis, Minneapolis, New Orleans, Phoenix, Seattle, St. Louis, Tampa and Washington.
A separate dispute is keeping Cleveland Fox affiiate WJW Channel 8 off the screen for customers of AT&T's Dish satellite network following the expiration of an agreement to carry Nexstar stations. WJW's website continued to display an announcement Monday explaining the blocked broadcasts.
In the AT&T-Tegna dispute, The companies did not disclose the terms of the new multi-year agreement but said in a statement: "AT&T and TEGNA regret any inconvenience to their customers and viewers and thank them for their patience."
All Tegna stations returned Sunday to the services in the affected markets, the companies said.
AT&T has about 17.8 million pay TV subscribers across its services. DirecTV has about 13.6 million subscribers, according to the Leichtman Research Group.
As the news spread on Twitter, reactions were mixed. Some were just happy to get stations back, but others criticized the companies for taking so long.
"Only cost us three weeks of local nfl games. Thanks a lot! We're in the middle of a pandemic with sports being one of a few outlets and you're all arguing over money. Pathetic," said one Twitter post.
Beacon Journal reporter Jim Mackinnon contributed to this story. Follow Mike Snider on Twitter: @MikeSnider.
Will Kamala Harris as vice president finally change how corporate America sees and treats Black women? Stimulus checks: There's a new round of scams, too. Here's how to avoid them Three signs your money management skills need an overhaul Trying to pay off debt? Here are 4 mistakes to avoid when doing that. The Daily Money: Subscribe to our newsletter


text:
Russia Russian army military equipment vehicles UK
Russia Russian army light armoured vehicle UK
BMD-1 Airborne infantry fighting combat vehicle
Description Technical Data Details View Pictures / Video
The BMD-1 is an airborne infantry tracked armoured vehicle, which entered in the service to the Russian army airborne units in 1969 and was first show to the public during a parade held in Moscow in November 1973. The vehicle was called the M1970 before its Russian designation became known. Development started in 1965 and limited production began in 1968 and ended in 1969. After operational trials it was deployed in limited numbers by 1969 and the serial production started in 1970, although the vehicle weight 500 kg more than what the requirements stated (7.5 tonnes and 13.3 tonnes when loaded with equipment). In late 1970s a new modernized vehicle received a designation BMD-1P following adoption of the new 9P135M-1 ATGM launcher instead of 9S428 ATGM launcher, firing the 9M113 "Konkurs" (AT-5 Spandrel). In 1983, based on the combat experience in Afghanistan a decision was made to produce a new variant of the BMD with a weapon capable of engaging targets such as those faced by the airborne troops in that conflict. This resulted in "Ob'yekt 916" which later became BMD-2. A lengthened chassis of BMD-1 served as a basis for the BTR-D airborne multi-purpose tracked APC which itself served as a basis for many specialized airborne vehicles. The BMD-1 is always currently used by the Russian airborne troops. BMD-1 and BMD-1PK IFVs are used by Russian airborne units of KFOR. BMD-1 IFVs were used by Russian airborne units of SFOR.
BMD-1 Variants :
- BMD-1K (K stands for komandirskaya - command) - Command variant fitted with R-126 and R-107 transceivers, two Clothes Rail antennas and a generator box. It's sometimes called BMD-K.
BMD-1P - BMD-1 modernization with its 9S428 ATGM launcher replaced by pintle-mounted 9P135M-1 ATGM launcher capable of firing 9M113 "Konkurs" (AT-5 Spandrel), 9M113M "Konkurs-M" (AT-5B Spandrel B), 9M111 "Fagot" (AT-4 Spigot) and 9M111-2 "Fagot" (AT-4B Spigot B) ATGMs. Entered service in 1977.
- BMD-1PK (K stands for komandirskaya - command) - Command variant of BMD-1P. It is fitted with an additional R-123M radio set, a generator, the GPK-59 gyroscopic compass, the PRKhR radiation and chemical reconnaissance unit and two attachable tables. The machine gun mounted in the left corner of the bow of the hull has been eliminated as well as one of the seats. The crew consists of 6 men. The ammo load was reduced by one 9M113 "Konkurs" (AT-5 Spandrel) ATGM and 250 7.62 mm machine gun rounds.
- BMD-1P : The sagger launcher system is removed from the gun nad on the roof is a piintle launcher for AT-4 Spigot.
- BMD-1M: - BMD-1 with smoke grenade launchers on the rear of the turret, improved ventilation and road wheels.
- BTR-D: BMD-1 without turret and a longer chassis with six road wheels.
- BTR-ZD: with a ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun is mounted at the top of the hull
- BMD-KShM: command post vehicle
- BMD-1 Shmel-1 RPV: A BMD-1KShM chassis is used as the launcher and flying control station for the Shmel-1 remotely piloted vehicle.
- BRehM-D: based on BTR-D with equipment for recovery and repair.
- BMD-1 R440 ODB: communication vehicle with satellite communications system mounteed to the roof.
- 1V118 Reostat: This is the BMD-1 chassis with its turret removed. It is uded as artillery observation vehicle fitted sirveilance and acquisition radar.
- 1V119 Spektr: This is the BMD-1 chassis with its turret removed.It is used as artillery fire direction centre with the 2S9.
- 2S9 SO-120 Nona: equipped with a mortar turret 120 mm.
- BMD-1 with its 73 mm 2A28 "Grom" main gun replaced by 30 mm autocannon.
- BMD-1 with its 73 mm 2A28 "Grom" main gun replaced by 30 mm AGS-17 "Plamya" automatic grenade launcher.
- BMD-1 converted into a mortar carrier.
- BMD-1 converted into a self-propelled multiple rocket launcher. The armament was removed and replaced by a vision device. Fitted on top of the turret is a small box-type launcher for 12×80 mm rockets.
The vehicle is armed with the 73 mm 2A28 Grom gun and 7.62 mm PKT coaxial tank machine gun. Mounted on the mantlet is the 9S428 ATGM launcher capable of firing 9M14 "Malyutka" (NATO: AT-3A Sagger A) and 9M14M "Malyutka-M" (NATO: AT-3B Sagger B) ATGMs (for which the vehicle carries 2 ATGMs in the turret). There are also two 7.62 mm PKT machine guns in fixed mounts, one each in the corners of the bow.
The hull and the turret of the BMD-1 are welded aluminium. Armour thickness is 23 mm at 42° on the front of the turret, 19 mm at 36° on the sides of the turret, 13 mm at 30° on the rear of the turret, 6 mm on the rear of the turret, 15 mm on the front of the hull and 10 mm on the rest of the hull
The BMD-1 is motorised with 5D-20 V-6 liquid-cooled diesel developing 240 hp. The independent suspension either side consists of five small roadwheels with the idler at the front and the drive sprocket at the rear. There are four track-return rollers. The independent suspension combines a hydraulic system for altering the ground clearance and maintaining track tension with pneumatic springs, enabling the ground clearance to be altered from 100 to 450 mm.
The BMD-1 is fully amphibious, and is propelled in the water by two water-jets at the rear of the hull. Before entering the water a trim vane, which is stowed on the glacis plate when not in use, is erected at the front of the hull. The water entry points (for the water jets) are located one either side under the hull rear. The vehicle has electric and manual bilge pumps, a GPK-59 gyrocompass, an engine preheater, smoke-generating equipment, a PAZ NBC system and a PPO centralised ethylene-bromide fire extinguishing system as fitted to other Russian armoured vehicles. BMD-1 airborne infantry combat vehicles are reported to be equipped with a radio `bleeper' device that allows their crews, who are equipped with direction-finding equipment, to locate their own individual BMD-1 when they are parachuted onto the drop zone.
One 73 mm gun, 3 PKT 7.62 mm machine guns, 1 launcger unit for anti-tank missile AT-3 Sagger.
Designer - Manufacturer
Arkadyi Shabalin - Volgograd Tractor Plant
Country users
Angola, Armenia, Azerbadjan, Belarus, India, Iraq, Modova, Russia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.
3 + 4 soldiers
Night vision, NBC protection system
Welded aluminium for hull and turret. Hull 15mm, turret 23mm.
70 km/h on road, 10 km/h on water
Length, 5,4 m; Width, 2,63 m; Height, 1,97 m
Pictures / Video
Army - Military - Defense high resolution pictures
Video BMD-1 airborne infantry fighting armoured vehicle Russian army