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Grab Tickets To The London Pass
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Your London Pass is only available for consecutive days on the dates you select.
The London Pass is digital; simply download it via email or using The London Pass app.
Passes are loaded with 'credits value' which is based on the maximum gate prices at each attraction and the number of days you select. Scan your Pass at each venue to redeem your credits and gain entry to the attraction.
Please check individual attraction pages for opening times, facilities and accessibility information.
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in Khutbah
Imam Ghazali's book, Kitaab Al-Arba'in Fi Usul ad-Din, 'The Forty Principles of the Religion,' which he wrote before his death, is a summary of Ihya Ulumuddin, and his life's works and thoughts.
Miserliness – Bukhl
This is a big topic, which Ghazali broke down and summarised as 6 topics – bukhl in the Quran and Sunnah, the essence of miserliness and the reality of loving money, how wealth can be praiseworthy/blameworthy, how much wealth is sufficient for us, and the extremes in spending – squandering (israf) and bukhl. And then he explains how to treat it.
Allah Almighty told us in the Quran:
Whoever is protected from the stinginess of his self, these are the successful ones. (59:9 and 64:16)
Therefore we can see that whoever avoids this trait will be successful in their life in dunya and akhirah. In Surat An-Nisa that the habit of excessively restraining one's spending and concealing what Allah has blessed one with, is not a habit one should be pleased with, as it is a punishable trait.
Who are stingy and enjoin upon [other] people stinginess and conceal what Allah has given them of His bounty – and We have prepared for the disbelievers a humiliating punishment (4:37)
In Arabic miserliness is bukhl and shuh. These qualities can make life unbearable for family members when their parent or spouse is stingy.
In the sunnah, the Prophet (peace be on him) addressed this common human trait. It affects people in general, not just Muslims. It is human nature to be possessive and selfish, as this is part of our survival instinct. If we did not acquire what we need, we would die out. However when this instinct grows out of proportion, it becomes a disease.
"Beware of greed, for it was greed that destroyed those who came before you. It commanded them to be miserly and they did so. It commanded them to sever their family ties and they did so. It commanded them to behave wickedly and they did so" (Abu Dawood)
The worst thing is when miserliness prevents you from paying what you are obliged to pay. When it reaches this extent it is dangerous.
The Prophet (peace be on him) here shows us that the nations before us were destroyed by their tightfistedness in giving the charity they had been commanded to give, and for not helping others.
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
"Two qualities are never combined in a believer: miserliness and bad character." (Tirmidhi)
What is the essence of miserliness?
Ghazali says the root or miserliness is the love of wealth. We all love wealth and the, but it becomes problematic when you are immersed it in and cannot see beyond it and it controls you. If you use the dunya to please Allah, to fulfil your obligations and look after your family and support those who are needy, without looking for praise and a pat on the back, then it is good but to love wealth for sake of wealth is not good.
Being rich or poor does not make you a miser
One's status does not reflect what is in one's heart. You cannot assume that someone who has less is attached to the akhirah, nor can you assume that someone who has a great deal is attached to dunya. The quality of being a miser is not evident unless one is in a position where one has to give. If someone has nothing to give you cannot test this quality. However it is possible for a billionaire's heart to be attached to the akhirah and the penniless one to be attached to dunya. So do not gauge others by their outward trappings– the house they live in, the car they drive and the clothes they wear. It might be a true reflection and it might not. A wealthy person may be very generous. Yet the intention behind their generosity may be to buy votes. We see at election time that candidates suddenly start giving – where were they the rest of the year?
Wealth is a test
Allah states plainly in the Quran that wealth and children are a test. One reason people are reluctant to give is because they fear it will decrease their wealth and then they will not have enough for their family.
O you who believe! Let not your wealth nor your children (distract and) divert you from the remembrance of God. Those who do so, they are the losers (63:9)
Know that your wealth and children are a trial and that there is an immense reward with Allah. (8:28 and 64:15)
Shaytan preys on the instinct to look after one's family and this drives people to hoard what they have. However who provided the wealth in the first place? It was not you. Though you may have worked hard, graduated from a top university and through blood and sweat achieved a certain level, many others attended the same classes as you. you were fortunate and got 'A's but they did not. Though you listened to the same lectures and read the same textbooks, it was Allah who allowed you to excel – to have a quicker and deeper understanding, a better memory and better ability to express yourself. Or to set up a successful business. It is Allah you granted you this honour. You could have been ill on the day of the test, or failed in your business, or thrown obstacles in your path that you could not surmount, but He enabled you to succeed, where others did not. And He can take it all away in an instant if He wants.
Do not become immersed in dunya
Though we all need to earn our livelihood, we have to avoid the tipping point when earning to sustain us becomes earning for the sake of it. The Prophet (peace be on him) said:
Do not take a villa and thus the world. (Tirmidhi)
He was warning us from becoming immersed in the dunya. Some people have much property or many farms, as some of the companions had at the time of the Prophet (peace be on him), such as Abu Darda, Abdur Rahman ibn Auf and Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with them). They had great fortunes and were the ultra high net individuals of their time. And there were many others. But the dunya did not distract them from the akhirah, conversely it brought them closer to Allah. One example is when Uthman funded the whole army from his own wealth.
He inherited 30 million dirhams from his father and increased them in trade. Among his acts of charity he bought a well when the wells of Madinah were bitter and salty and gave it to the Muslims. During the campaign for Tabuk, when the Muslims were experiencing drought and famine, the Prophet (peace be on him) asked Muslims to make donate towards the campaign, and Uthman donated 940 camels and 60 horses to the army, that is, a total of one thousand riding animals. Later during the reign of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), Muslims were suffering from severe drought, so Uthman donated a huge caravan full of goods as alms.
He was so generous that he gave without hesitation. If you are balanced, there is nothing wrong with having wealth. The lesson we are being taught is not to not earn money, as the Prophet (peace be on him) did not tell his companions to give up their businesses but not to let wealth distract you. Utilise your wealth in goodness and promoting goodness. Not everyone can do that. Money can be a huge distraction and take someone from being close to Allah to becoming distant from Him. That is a big loss.
Ibn Abi Shayba said when someone dies what did he send forward… and leave for heirs
Ibn Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) asked, "Who of you loves the wealth of his heir more than his own wealth?" The Companions said: "O Messenger of Allah! There is none of us but loves his own wealth more." He (peace be on him) said, "His wealth is that which he has sent forward, but that which he retains belongs to his heir." (Bukhari)
What will happen to the wealth you accumulated?
If you spent all your life accumulating wealth, you worked for your heirs not yourself, as misers do not spend on themselves. If you had given it to the right causes, the wealth would be in your akhirah account. But if you left it all behind, it is no use to you. You cannot take cash or gold with you.
Ghazali is saying money is not blameworthy itself but how you earn it and spend it. Money is just a means of exchange.
Thus the Prophet (peace be on him) said:
How excellent is the useful wealth of a righteous man! (Bukhari in Al Adab al Mufrad)
Instead of watching the numbers of one's bank account go up on a screen, put your wealth to good use.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said:
"Wretched is the slave of the dinar! Wretched is the slave of the dirham! (Bukhari)
The Prophet (peace be on him) is saying one who is chasing pennies and pounds is miserable in this life and the akhirah, because his wealth did not benefit him in either place. The one who can spend is the master, not the slave. So the one who cannot spend it, is the slave, no matter how wealthy he is. The slave works hard but cannot enjoy the money, because he is not a free person. It is ironic therefore that the wealthy man thinks he is a master, when he is a slave.
Had he realised that he was the slave of Allah and spent on what pleases Allah, he would have earned his freedom to do as he pleases in Jannah and would be praised. However if he merely hoarded his wealth, he will be locked up in Jahanum and blamed for wasting the opportunity to do good when he had been given it.
The man who couldn't pay his zakat
I heard from a trusted friend that there was a man who could not bring himself to pay zakat. He was very troubled by this but at the same time could not physically do it. One day he asked his shaykh to come to his house with four strong men. He gave him instructions how to access his safe and to count his wealth, calculate his zakat and take it. The shaykh did as he was asked and returned the next day with four strong men. As the man had warned, the sight of this made him furious and he began to shout and curse, but the four men held him though he tried to beat them up. Meanwhile the shaykh carried out his task and took the zakat that was due. The man came to the mosque then next day covered in bruises and with swollen black eyes. He said he had cried all night at the loss of his money, but he was grateful to the shaykh for helping him fulfil his obligation.
We are on a journey in dunya so we need provision to reach our destination safely, but when we focus on earning money for its own sake, then we lose our direction.
In Surat Humazah, Allah Almighty says:
Woe to every scorner and mocker, Who collects wealth and [continuously] counts it. (104:1-2)
Imam al Jahiz (776 AH–868AH) wrote the well known Kitab al-Bukhala (The Book of Misers), a collection of anecdotes on stinginess, which he filled with anecdotes about misers that he had met or heard about on his travels through different countries.
Golden formula
Ghazali mentions that golden formula which is how to be balanced between squandering wealth and hoarding it. This is summarised in the ayah of the Quran in which Allah Almighty says, 'do not tie your hands to necks nor spread them out wide', in other words:
Do not be so tight-fisted, for you will be blameworthy; nor so open-handed, for you will end up in poverty. (17:29)
Squandering and stinginess are two extremes, whereas Allah Almighty made us a moderate ummah. Islam is the path of moderation.
Wealth opens the gates of dunya
The more wealth you have the more the gates of dunya and haram open up for you. The more opportunities present themselves to you for spending on yourself and on entertainment and doubtful matters. It can be a slippery slope.
Wake up before it is too late. Take what you need. If you do that it helps you focus on what is most important. The pandemic has shown us that we have many things in our lives which are not essential. The most important thing we have is our imaan. This makes us strong and resilient. And our families. The pandemic has made us reflect on how we have been spending our time. How much was wasted? Free your time to do what is beneficial and useful. Don't be intoxicated by your friends and what they have, or try to compete with them. Your akhirah is more important than seeking extra wealth which you don't need and cannot take with you. As Allah Almighty stated in Surat Takathur:
Competition in [worldly] increase diverts you (102:1)
If you are busy seeking the dunya, you might wake up one day in the graveyard and find you have nothing.
Miserliness in Western literature
One cannot of think of miserliness without thinking of Ebenezer Scrooge.
The very name reflects the quintessential miser – the mean, grouchy, cold hearted, solitary and stubborn protagonist of A Christmas Carol.
Dickens described him:
Oh! But he was a tight-fisted hand at the grindstone, Scrooge! a squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous old sinner! Hard and sharp as flint, from which no steel had ever struck out generous fire; secret, and self-contained, and solitary as an oyster.
What you may not know is that Scrooge was based on a real person, John Elwes. In fact this real 'miser's habits seem to exceed even Scrooge. He had inherited a huge a fortune which he continued to amass during his lifetime was at one point worth £1 million pounds in 1700s.
Yet this miser dressed in rags, never cleaned his shoes in case cleaning them wore them out faster. Rode on horses rather than a carriage, because they were cheaper. He would sleep under a tree, than in a tavern. He would fill his pockets with hardboiled eggs so he wouldn't have to pay for meals along the way. And he rode on the dirt on the side of the road rather than the road itself, so the horses shoes would not wear out as fast. When he got wet in the rain, he would not light a fire to dry himself or his clothes.
He became the most shabbily dressed MP in parliament to the extent that people would people would stop in the street to put coins in his hand because he looked like a tramp.
How did his life end? By the end, he was so obsessed by money that he would wrap each coin in his pocket in a piece of paper and hide it around his house. Then he would stay up half the night wandering agitatedly where he'd hidden them. Terrified of dying penniless, he often woke in the middle of the night screaming at imaginary thieves: "I will keep my money, I will! Nobody shall rob me of my property."
Although Scrooge is a caricature and John Elwes even worse, we all have traces or more of that miser inside us.
In the opening of Jane Austen's Sense and Sensibility, there is a memorable scene. Mr Dashwood has been left with a fortune which he promised his father to share with his sisters, however, although he intends initially to give them a thousand pounds each, by the time he has reflected on it and discussed it with his wife he persuades himself £50 each would be more than sufficient.
We can all be that person sometimes, who talks ourselves into giving less than we intended.
From Sister Rahma Abdulatif's workshop on How to Keep your Heart Healthy:
Allah doesn't love miserliness and misers. How does this impact you and your families?
You are creating a behavioural pattern for not giving, so a culture of not giving is created.
Yes, true. personally, I was very scared that by the idea of being deprived of Allah's love, scared to think of this possibility of being deprived of Allah's love and pleasure. I was thinking of how much we hold back and how much we give. In this country, there is a system that provides stuff, and I think some people fall into the tendency of expecting to take and giving becomes a negotiation.
I was looking at the literature on miserliness, there is very little on it. What is available is negative, it is critical of religious people.
What I found in psychology and philosophy of greed, is that whenever existential anxiety threatens our sense of self-esteem we turn to a culture of comfort or consolation. In our cultures or the lack of it we find comfort in material things or materialism, by extension we want to hold on to things rather than give. We are becoming collectors. There is an idea when we have an appetite of collecting then we don't like to share. When we are collectors, we are unable to feel satisfied and we feel that there is not enough to go around. Also, when we acquire one thing, we want to acquire another thing. We can get consumed by materialism.
The drawback for being a collector in western literature is that you are unable to connect to higher desires and a higher being. One of the consequences is that the collector is unable to connect to a higher sense of purpose or higher power to the idea of religion or spirituality.
One drawback is that you are unable to direct yourself to a higher power for the ideas of religion and belief. There is an idea that holding back is associated with negativity related to states of stress, exhaustion anxiety, depression and despair. There are also maladaptive behaviours such as gambling and theft as a possible response to this. All these things are associated with keeping back.
There are benefits of giving in both our physical health and psychologically, this could be emotionally positive. What are these?
We are trained to give. London comes highest in giving and Muslims are amongst the most charitable community. We do give naturally, that's why Islam is a way of life.
Health benefits of giving reduces blood pressure, increases self-esteem, lessens depression and lowers stress. It lengthens lives. The conclusion is greater happiness and satisfaction The quote in the paper was that "Giving evokes gratitude" Giving or receiving leads to gratitude.
Gratitude is integral to happiness, health and social bonds. That is your heading there, because the Prophet sallallahu alaihi wassalam said to us to exchange gifts because it increases your bond and gratitude. Gratitude is promoted in mental health treatment.
Western literature explains the causes of stinginess emanates from not having enough or growing up in extreme poverty. Islam helps us to heal it explains to us that just because we didn't have doesn't mean that we should hold onto things later in life.
The need to give is a human need whether it is love, attention or money.
An important lesson for us to take away is that Allah doesn't love misers, that is something we need to bear in mind.
Shaykh Haytham Tamim – The Thursday Al Ghazali Class 23rd December 2021 with additional notes on the psychotherapy of Hasad by Sister Rahma Abdul Latif. Delivered at the How to Keep your Heart Healthy Course, transcribed by F. Qadir.
How to avoid envy
Duas for protection
Break free from anger
Evils of the tongue 5 – praise
Evils of the tongue 4 – joking
Evils of the tongue 3 – arguing
Evils of the tongue 2- backbiting
Evils of the tongue 1- lying
The benefits of feeling hunger
Why is following the sunnah the key to success. Ghazali's secrets part 1
What is wrong with excessive laughter?
Do you have to practice what you preach?
Self righteousness when giving counsel
Command good and forbid evil
Brotherhood, friendship and wilayah
How to deal with difficult neighbours
The first 6 rules of how to deal with people
Dealing with gossip (7-8)
How to deal with people according to their status (9-11)
Cover the faults of others (12-13)
Shake hands (15 continued)
Defend others in their absence, be tactful, be cautious of the company of the rich (16-18)
Avoid the people of ghaflah
Be good to your relatives
Love they neighbour
bukhlforty principles. ghazalighazaliheartmiserliness
Shaykh Haytham Tamim
Shaykh Haytham Tamim is the founder and main teacher of the Utrujj Foundation. He has provided a leading vision for Islamic learning in the UK, which has influenced the way Islamic knowledge is disseminated. He has orchestrated the design and delivery of over 200 unique courses since Utrujj started in 2001. His extensive expertise spans over 30 years across the main Islamic jurisprudence schools of thought. He has studied with some of the foremost scholars in their expertise; he holds some of the highest Ijazahs (certificates) in Quran, Hadith (the Prophetic traditions) and Fiqh (Islamic rulings). His own gift for teaching was evident when he gave his first sermon to a large audience at the age of 17 and went on to serve as a senior lecturer of Islamic transactions and comparative jurisprudence at the Islamic University of Beirut (Shariah College). He has continued to teach; travelling around the UK, Europe and wider afield, and won the 2015 BISCA award (British Imams & Scholars Contributions & Achievements Awards) for Outstanding Contribution to Education and Teaching.

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In sql there are three major types of actions: insert, update, delete.
Hibernate has a lot of functions that use these three actions. It is important to understand the difference between them, and when to use what.
The easiest is delete. This will delete the entity from the database. The object passed to the delete method can be either transient or persistent. Since hibernate uses the id for the delete is does not make a difference.
Both of these will generate an insert into the database. The save will return the id that was generated, where persist returns void. Persist should be used unless you need the id immediately, since in the case of save an insert is run with the method, while persist is optimized and will run the insert at the latest possible time when the id is needed.
Transactional persistent instances (i.e. objects loaded, saved, created or queried by the Session) can be manipulated by the application, and any changes to persistent state will be persisted when the Session is flushed.
This means as long as the transaction and session is open, any change to a persisted object will be updated in the database when the session is flushed (usually on commit but can be called explicitly).
In the case of detached objects, hibernate has the methods of update and merge.
Update is the simple one. Update will persist a detached object to the database. In the case that you do not know if you need an insert or update, you can use the method saveOrUpdate. This method will check the id of the object. If there is no id an insert will be generated else an updated will be generated.
In the case that you call update on an object (detached) that already has an instance in the session, hibernate will through an exception. This is since hibernate wants to let you know that two different changes have been made to the object (one in the session and the other detached). So the way hibernate lets you know is through an exception - NonUniqueObjectException.
A simple way to solve this issue if you want to ignore previous changes and persist the latest one, is to call evict on the session and remove the previous object. Then the update will succeed.
Take care to save the result of the method, since the object in the parameter remains detached. Hibernate will update the internal object with your information but will not add it to the session since another one exits, this one will be returned to you.
The next issue is that if your object is not in the session, hibernate will generate a select statement to get it. This can be a performance hit that you did not take into consideration if all you wanted was an update. This is especially true for the case that you have fields marked as eager, or in certain cases of *ToOne (hibernate will load them also with lazy annotation – if the foreign key is not using the id [primary key]), in this case hibernate will load the whole graph.
Another problem with the select of the merge is filters. If you are using filters to load your data, and on the merge you do not have the filters open, hibernate will generate the select for the merge but without the filters. This will cause an inconsistency of data.
Another problem with filters is the root object. Hibernate filters are activated only on connections (joins) to other objects. So if you have an object (a) that points to an object (b) that holds a collections (c's). Loading A where b is lazy will cause hibernate to not use the filter on b, only on c. The simple solution to this is to add a join in the hql and then the filter will be added. But in the case of merge, the original hql will not be run. A standard load will be run with the eager and the filter will not affect the object b.


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One of Britain's leading golf professionals, Alex Belt, will arrive in Siem Reap during the second week of January for a three-month stint at the Angkor Golf Resort, primarily to use the facilities at the award-winning Nick Faldo-designed course as part of his winter training programme.
Apart from focusing on his training regimen, the 30-year-old PGA touring professional will also spend time with fellow Britons David Baron, AGR's director of golf, and Alan Martin, head professional, in providing a number of services to the guests, as well as sharing his expertise and experience with local staff members and golfers.
"David Baron is a close friend of mine and I have followed his career closely, which brought my attention to the AGR," Belt told the Post yesterday.
Belt began the year by winning twice in Spain on the Evolve Tour, recording a nine-under-par round to tie the course record at El Valle. He has had nine course records in his short career in golf, a sport he took up after dabbling in football. Incidentally, five of those records still stand to this day.
Starting out as a footballer with Hull City, Belt moved to York City. But when he could make no headway on the pitch, he turned to the fairways. And this remarkable switch has changed the course of his life.
Keen to make up lost time as a professional golfer, Belt enjoyed a phenomenal 12-month run in 2014, securing 26 professional tournament victories and claiming a win on the Euro Pro Tour along the way.
Alex's order of merit position this year meant he qualified for the European Tours flagship event, the BMW Championship, where he played alongside Korean superstar and eventual winner Byeong An.
While fine-tuning his game and focusing on his physical conditioning, Belt will also set aside some time to work with Baron and Martin along with the rest of the AGR team.
"As we are into the high season, the course will be busy and Alex's experience will be useful in a number of areas. He will be working alongside Martin, assisting to coach the team of 12 junior golfers recently selected from the Angkor Golf Junior Development programme," Baron told the Post yesterday.
"Belt will also make himself available to provide tuition and 'play with the pro' experiences through the Angkor Golf Academy.
He will be able to provide our caddies with valuable insights and we look forward to involving him in the caddy training programme. In general, his presence can only enhance the services provided and the guest experience here at AGR," Baron said.
"This will be my first visit to Cambodia and I'm really excited to get started. I am very impressed with what they are doing for junior golf development and I'd be more than happy to help in any way," Belt added.


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Emmanuel Macron in Russian media
We have said it before, but feel the need to say it again: The aim of pro-Kremlin disinformation and media attacks is seldom to convince us that we should agree with the Kremlin. The annual one billion Euro put into propaganda is much better deployed in confusing us, in questioning our institutions, undermining our democracies and attacking the people who are, or compete to become, our political leaders.
The coverage of the US election campaign of Russian state media was not neutral, as our earlier analysis showed. Does this imbalance repeat itself in the current French election campaign? Earlier this week, the campaign staff of French presidential candidate Emmanuel Macron warned of Russian meddling. So we have looked into what Russian media report on the subject.
One of the more popular articles on Sputnik France is the announcement of "revelations" about Mr Macron by Julian Assange of Wikileaks who claims that hacked emails of former US Secretary of State Hilary Clinton contain "interesting information" about the French presidential candidate. No further details about the "even more troubling information" that could be revealed are presented. The article only recalls what is already known: an invitation from former French Prime Minister Manuel Valls to Hilary Clinton for a dinner with Emmanuel Macron and others. At the time of publishing this article, no further revelations have been presented.
Earlier this week, an opinion piece on Sputnik France dug into the questions it says Mr Macron's application has raised. The sources of funding for his campaign are discussed and the article asks: "Is it Mr Draghi [paying] or one of the French oligarchs?" The conclusion is that "he is the candidate of the oligarchs, of the MEDEF [Mouvement des Entreprises de France, French industry association], of those businessmen that confuse industry with a giant monopoly game. It appears that this truth cannot be said. For it would be an insult to the vast majority of French people [..]". The main argument given for this conclusion is that "Mr Macron presents himself as an anti-system candidate, but has not given a single piece of evidence that would allow us to judge his distance from the system."
Another recent piece in Sputnik's English version opens with the possibility that the former French finance minister could be "a US agent" possibly "acting in the interests of the US financial market in France". His candidacy is presented as the result of a conspiracy that involves both the Rothschild-family and a "very wealthy gay lobby". Sputnik again quotes Russian Kremlin-loyal newspaper Izvestia's exclusive interview with Julian Assange of Wikileaks for the claim that Macron has "conducted controversial political correspondence with former US presidential candidate Hillary Clinton". To finalise the narrative of suspicion, Sputnik concludes that "the media has been questioning his independent status and independent views".
Sputnik's opinion pieces are in line with similar reporting on Mr. Macron's background and intentions in state-owned outlets in Russia. The accusations made it to Rossiya-1's flagship weekly news show with Dmitry Kiselev on 5 February. Mr Kiselev introduces the story by predicting that France will leave the EU, which, he says, will turn the Union into "a Fourth Reich". The coverage of Emmanuel Macron starts with background information: "The young and handsome banker, a graduate of France's most prestigious National Administration School, earned his first million in Rothschild's bank". "A protégé of the globalist elite, [Macron] is quickly becoming the favorite of the press," Mr Kiselev adds. Then he becomes personal: "Macron is married to his high school French teacher, who is 24 years older than him. At the same time, there are rumours of his homosexuality and that, as a minister, he took 120.000 Euros from the Treasury for the financing of his movement and his campaign". And finally: "And he was also associated with Hillary Clinton". (Image: Emmanuel Macron on Instagram)
See all News and analysis


Dan Costa Sony Reader Touch Edition (PRS-600) The Reader Touch Edition is a stylish device with a touch interface that makes navigation a snap, but a difficult-to-read screen sinks this Sony e-book reader.
Sleek design. Touch-screen interface. Compatible with the ePub format, which Amazon's Kindles don't support.
Dull screen. Books must be sideloaded via computer. AC adapter is an optional $30 accessory.
The Reader Touch Edition is a stylish device with a touch interface that makes navigation a snap, but a difficult-to-read screen sinks this Sony e-book reader.
The Sony Reader Touch Edition PRS-600 ($169.99 direct) benefits from a sleek design and a touch screen that makes navigating menus a snap. Unfortunately, that touch screen is a little dull, making books harder to read than on competing devices. With the Amazon Kindle offering wireless delivery of books, magazines, newspapers, the Touch Edition isn't as compelling.
When it comes to design, portability, and simple functionality, the Touch Edition is a market leader. Unlike other e-book readers, the Touch Edition has an all-metal frame and feels very solid in your hand. Available in silver, black, or red, the device measures 6.9 by 4.8 by 0.4 inches (HWD) and weighs 10.1 ounces. While I have been able to jam my Kindle 2 into an inside suit pocket, the Touch Edition slides in much more easily.
The top of the Touch Edition features a power switch, SD and Memory Stick slots, and on the bottom you'll find a headphone jack, volume control, mini USB port, and a power connector. That latter of which is only a tease, however, since the AC adapter is a $30 optional accessory. Sony does include a USB cable for charging the device via computer.
What truly separates this e-book reader from the rest of the market, however, is its touch screen. Whereas devices like the Amazon Kindle ambitiously support an entire QWERTY keyboard in addition to directional toggles and multiple buttons, the Touch Edition relies pretty much on, well, touch. The menu options are arranged as large icons on the screen so you can just tap them with a finger. Likewise, you can turn pages by swiping you finger across the screen, a gesture the iPhone has made natural to millions of users at this point. Pull out the stylus, and you can even jot down notes on the device, although in my tests, my hand kept brushing the screen as I wrote. A touch-screen interface is a great benefit to an e-book reader, but in this case it comes at a price.
, the 6-inch, 800-by-600-pixel e-ink display is similar to other devices, but it only supports 8 levels of grey (the Kindle 2 supports 16)—this alone isn't a huge problem, but there's a glossy sheen that covers the screen in order provide those laudable touch capabilities. It just makes the display a lot harder to read. Put it next to another e-book reader, even another Sony Reader, like the $150 Pocket Edition, and the screen seems dim and washed out. For a reading device, that's a bad beat.
With 512MB of built-in memory, the Reader can store as many as 350 books; this is substantially less than the 2GB found on the Kindle, but to be honest I have never met anyone that has come anywhere near maxing out the storage limits on their e-book reader. And remember, the Memory Stick PRO Duo and SD Card slots can provide additional capacity if needed.
It is odd to write this about a Sony device, but one of the Touch Edition's strengths is its support for a wide variety of media formats, and some of them are even DRM-free. DRM-protected text formats include ePub (Adobe DRM protected), PDF (Adobe DRM protected), and BBeB Book (PRS DRM protected). If you want to read books that aren't DRM-protected, you can choose among ePub, BBeB Book, PDF, TXT, RTF, and Microsoft Word, although conversion to the Reader requires Word installed on your PC. The device can also display JPEG, PNG, GIF, and BMP images and play MP3 and AAC audio. Support for ePub is a big deal since this is the format many libraries are using for e-books, and currently, Kindles don't support it.
To get books onto the device, you need to go to to Sony's Web site, download the eBook Library Software (v 3.0.01), connect the device via the included USB cable, and drag and drop your books. Suffice to say, the wireless discovery and delivery on the Kindle or, the Barnes & Noble Nook is much easier.
Like most devices with e-ink displays, the Touch Edition boasts very solid battery life. The company says you can get 7500 continuous book turns on one charge, and my informal tests back that claim. Expect the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery to last a week or so between charges. Just keep in mind that it isn't user-replaceable, so when it dies, you'll have to send your device back to Sony to get a replacement.
Overall, The Sony Reader Touch Edition is a solidly constructed, stylish device, with a well-executed touch screen, but when you consider the problems that plague its screen, its lack of wireless connectivity, it becomes a tough sell—regardless of that touch screen.
Bottom Line: The Reader Touch Edition is a stylish device with a touch interface that makes navigation a snap, but a difficult-to-read screen sinks this Sony e-book reader.


text:
Prepare to disrupt yourself: Netflix cofounder on starting a successful business
Mandy Kovacs
Marc Randolph, cofounder of Netflix, starts his presentation at Ingram Micro's 2017 Cloud Summit in Phoenix, AZ, on Apr. 20.
When Marc Randolph started Netflix Inc. with cofounder Reed Hastings in 1997, he couldn't have possibly imagined what the company would become in just 20 years.
Speaking at Ingram Micro's 2017 Cloud Summit in Phoenix, AZ, on Apr. 20, Randolph walked the audience through the history of Netflix – from humble beginnings as a small startup selling and renting DVDs via mail to one that took down video behemoth Blockbuster just a few years later – and offered words of wisdowm to entrepreneurs and aspiring businesspeople.
"If you're not prepared to disrupt yourself, you're leaving the door open for someone to do it for you," he explained. "There's always going to be competition coming for your business, but most of the time, they won't look anything like you. They won't take you down with the stuff you're doing, they're going to take you down because of what you're not doing."
Randolph pointed to three attributes every successful entrepreneur needs to have: a tolerance for risk, plenty of ideas, and confidence in themselves.
"One of the most important ingredients of an entrepreneur is the ability to start down a path without knowing what's around the corner, and without all the information you need. If you know all the answers to your questions, you're already behind because that means someone has beaten you to the finish line," he advised.
But having a good idea is only part of the battle, Randolph conceded. Truth be told, entrepreneurs need the capacity to come up with hundreds of ideas – which don't need to be big, complex or even original – and sift through the bad to find the one goldmine.
"Success is proportionate to how many ideas are tried," he said, while following this wisdom by quoting American screenwriter and novelist William Goldman: "nobody knows anything."
"When I first told my wife the idea of Netflix, she thought it was stupid," he laughed. "But nobody really knows how to determine a good and a bad idea, so it's up to us dreamers to take that first step, that first risk, to test it out and see."
He told the crowd that ideas should get out of their own heads and collide with reality as soon as possible.
"You'll learn more in one hour of actually testing an idea out in real life, than in one month of thinking about it," he continued. "If it's a bad idea, it won't matter how polished your presentation or testing is. But if it's a good idea, people will fight to make it happen."
Randolph ended his presentation with a quote from Nolan Bushnell, video game industry pioneer and founder of Atari, Inc.
Coming up with the idea is easier said than done, however. According to Randolph, the best ideas aren't usually "eureka moments," but from viewing the world as something that can be fixed.
"Sure, you can look at the newest trends going on, but when I'm looking for a new idea I look for pain," he said. "Entrepreneurs see the world as an imperfect place and ask themselves 'what's wrong?' 'where are the problems?' and 'how do I fix that?' They're not trying to go global and solve world issues, they're trying to alleviate problems in our everyday lives."
He pointed to his own former company as an example. Netflix was born when Randolph believed he could improve the video rental system. It took two years of hundreds of failed ideas and many failed tests – including the first day the website went live when its servers crashed within 10 minutes – but he remained optimistic and confident he could crack the market.
That confidence paid off, with Netflix now ranking the 10th largest internet company in the world and boasting more than 100 million subscribers across 190 different countries globally.
Mandy Kovacshttp://www.itwc.ca
Mandy is a lineup editor at CTV News. A former staffer at IT World Canada, she's now contributing as a part-time podcast host on Hashtag Trending. She is a Carleton University journalism graduate with extensive experience in the B2B market. When not writing about tech, you can find her active on Twitter following political news and sports, and preparing for her future as a cat lady.
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text:
Q: Collating results in a table in MVC I have a following BO:
public class CinemaSchedule
{

    private DateTime showDate;
    public DateTime ShowDate
    {
        get { return showDate; }
        set { SetPropertyValue("ShowDate", ref showDate, value); }
    }

    private TimeSpan showTime;
    public TimeSpan ShowTime
    {
        get { return showTime; }
        set { SetPropertyValue("ShowTime", ref showTime, value); }
    }

    private Cinema cinema;
    public Cinema Cinema
    {
        get { return cinema; }
        set { SetPropertyValue("City", ref cinema, value); }
    }
}

 public class Cinema
{

    private string code;
    public string Code
    {
        get { return code; }
        set { SetPropertyValue("Code", ref code, value); }
    }

    private string name;
    public string Name
    {
        get { return name; }
        set { SetPropertyValue("Name", ref name, value); }
    }
}

In the controller I wrote:
model.Schedules = FilmRepository.GetById(eventId).CinemaSchedules;

in a view:
<% foreach (var schedule in film.CinemaSchedules)
                { %>

                    <%=schedule.Cinema.Name%>

<%=TimeSpan.FromSeconds(schedule.ShowTime.Value) %>

                <% } %>

The result is:
Cinema 1    19:00:00
Cinema 1    22:00:00
Cinema 2    19:00:00

But I want that was:
Cinema 1     19:00:00     22:00:00
Cinema 2     19:00:00

Thanks.

A: You want to perform a GroupBy on cinema.
Make sure System.Linq is listed as a using in your view. And then you can do the following:
<% foreach (var scheduleGroup in film.CinemaSchedules.GroupBy(s => s.Cinema.Name))
{ %>

    <%=scheduleGroup.Key%>

    <% foreach (var schedule in scheduleGroup)
    { %>

<%=TimeSpan.FromSeconds(schedule.ShowTime.Value) %>

    <% } %>

<% } %>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The most exhilarating game of the weekend was probably the back and forth between Genoa and Fiorentina, but since it was already thoroughly broken down by Chloe here, let's dive into another pretty amusing one: Lazio-Atalanta, which was also one of the few fixtures where there was something at stake for both teams.
Some anticipated contributors and some surprises feature in the Serie A Team of the week concerning the 28th round.
Alisson: there were plenty of clean sheets over the week, with Juventus, Atalanta, Verona, Napoli, Fiorentina and Inter also not allowing any goal, but the best performer was once again the Roma's goalkeeper, who paved the way for his team's victory with a couple of excellent saves in the first half against Torino, in particular on Iago Falque. He picked up 7 points.


text:
Making the HIV-1 gp41 pocket amenable to small-molecule drug discovery
Kim, Peter S.
Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
Search 79 grants from Peter Kim
Search grants from Stanford University
Mesenchymal stem cells induce regulatory T cells in patients with aortic aneurysm
Factor VIIa interaction with Endothelial Cell Protein C Receptor
P53 inactivation on MDSC development and tumor progression
Insppire to Study Acute Recurrent and Chronic Pancreatitis in Children
SBIR Phase I: Vibration Energy Harvesting-Based Sensor System
Osteogenic Regulation of Vascular Calcification
Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology of Lp(a)-mediated Calcific Aortic Valve Disease
The long-term objective of the research proposed here is to set the stage for the discovery of a new class of orally bioavailable, small-molecule drugs that target the HIV-1 gp41 pocket. Because the residues that form the gp41 pocket are extremely highly conserved, such drugs are predicted to have broad-spectrum activity and be relatively resistant to the development of ?escape? mutations. This new class of drugs could be particularly useful in patients with viruses that have developed resistance to one or more classes of anti-HIV drugs. Earlier, cyclic D-peptides inhibitors of HIV-1 were isolated that bind to the gp41 pocket. However, in spite of numerous efforts in academia and industry over the past ~15 years, there are no small-molecule HIV-1 inhibitors targeting the gp41 pocket in clinical development. Indeed, the gp41 pocket has been referred to as an ?undruggable? target. Analysis of the structures of the gp41 pocket bound to different protein and peptide ligands indicate that the gp41 pocket is highly malleable. We hypothesize that it is more difficult to identify good small-molecule drug leads for a target that is malleable, as compared to a target that is rigid. We also hypothesize that establishing useful structure-activity relationships (SARs) for chemical analogs of drug leads will be more difficult with a malleable target, as compared to a rigid target. We propose several approaches to ?rigidify? the gp41 pocket. After we have created a rigidified gp41 pocket(s), we will test predictions based on the two hypotheses above. First, we predict that a high-throughput screen (HTPS) with a rigid gp41 pocket will yield better hit rates than the malleable pocket. Second, we predict that we will be able to more readily establish useful SARs with a rigid gp41 pocket than with a malleable one. Ligands identified in this manner are expected to have weaker affinity for the natural (i.e., malleable) gp41 pocket, as compared to the rigidified pocket. In essence, the binding affinity will be decreased by the energy necessary to lock the natural gp41 pocket into a fixed conformation. The key point, however, is that by increasing the success of HTPS efforts and obtaining useful SARs (with the rigid gp41 pocket), it will be possible to optimize binding affinity of the small-molecule hits by medicinal chemistry, so that the energetic cost of locking the natural gp41 pocket into a fixed conformation can be readily paid.
This project aims to set the stage for discovery of a new class of orally bioavailable small-molecule drugs to treat HIV-1 infection. The molecular target for this potential new class of drugs is a pocket in the gp41 protein encoded by the HIV-1 virus. This new class of drugs would be particularly useful in patients with viruses that have developed resistance to one or more classes of current anti-HIV drugs.
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
NIH Director's Pioneer Award (NDPA) (DP1)
5DP1DA043893-04
Special Emphasis Panel (ZDA1)
Rapaka, Rao
Schools of Medicine
DP1 DA Making the HIV-1 gp41 pocket amenable to small-molecule drug discovery
Kim, Peter S. / Stanford University
DP1 DA Administrative Supplement to 5DP1DA043893
Kim, Peter S. / Stanford University $785,000
Be the first to comment on this grant


text:
Q: Firefox not re-validating static files from child frames I'm working with an application that has an iframe - both the outer html body and the frame require certain javascript and CSS files. To cut down on load times, all these static files have expiry set to a year from now and essentially should be loaded from cache for normal page hits - which is expected behavior in IE8 and FF3.6
However, once I reload/refresh (F5) the page, I expect the browsers to send an 'If-Updated-Since' requests to the server for these files. IE8 sends the requests for all the files used outside as well as within the iframe. But, FF3.6 only sends the requests for files used outside (not for the files used within the iframe, it just loads those from cache!).
The response headers are exactly the same for all files regardless of whether they are in the iframe or not. Is there a reason for this behavior of FF? Any way to avoid it?
Note: I can append version parameters to the source, or add a version folder in the path, etc. But, I want to know if this quirk can be avoided/has a good reason behind it?

A: Firefox behaves correctly - the server indicated that the scripts are good for a year so there is no reason to send pointless requests which waste time, bandwidth and server resources. For debugging purposes you can keep the Shift key pressed while clicking the Reload button, it will make sure that all data is refreshed. However, for end users adding the version information to the URL (e.g. http://example.com/.../script.js?version=1.2.3) is probably the best solution. This makes sure that the cached version can be used as long as it is valid and the new version is downloaded as soon as you update the script.


I used to wonder why Christians perceive more joy over a sinner returning than one who does right. Staying on the straight and narrow is no mean feat, after all. Doing right has its own reward, and likewise doing wrong has its own punishment, but scripture is telling us it is more than that. I think the reason has to do with heartbreak. We could use a metaphor of a sailing ship returning with all her crew from a routine voyage versus returning from a voyage after all were feared lost at sea. Certainly loved ones would happily welcome the expected return of any voyage. Imagine the heartbreak and grief instead if the ship failed to return and all were thought dead. And then, imagine the ship limping into harbor with all souls accounted for. The rejoicing would be greater because the returning conquers heartbreak.
There is heartbreak and grief when we veer off course into wrongdoing. We inflict that heartbreak on ourselves, on others and on God. Upon returning, the heartbreak is not just repaired. The joy of returning exceeds the heartbreak, overcoming it with grace. It is like the resurrection of Jesus conquering his death with grace profoundly greater than if he has simply stayed alive. Returning to God is a victory over heartbreak.
During this week of Thanksgiving, we can give thanks to a God who uses all the crumbs of our failure for some good and who never stops seeking us, even in–especially in–our meanest and lowest moments.
Join the conversation. Has the aftermath of your heartbreak ever risen to a greater good than if it had never happened?


We are thrilled to be hosting Olga Reyes in Portland on Saturday, February 4th, 5pm at 1131 SE Oak St. PCASC is co-sponsoring this event with Voz, AFSC, the Fellowship of Reconciliation and the Oregon Peace Institute.
Olga Reyes Salazar comes from Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, in Mexico. Her sister, Josefina Reyes, was a prominent activist for human rights and demilitarization in Juarez until she was murdered January 3, 2010, after one of her sons had been jailed and another murdered. In February 2011, Olga's sister, brother, and sister-in-law were abducted, and subsequently found killed. Olga's mother Sara issued a remarkable appeal to the kidnappers of her children in February, just before the family house was burned down.
Since the killing of her two siblings and sister-in-law in February, Olgahas participated in the two "caravans of consolation" led by poet Javier Sicilia, that traveled from central Mexico to the U.S. border in June and to Chiapas and the Guatemala border in September.
Olga brings a powerful testimony of the human costs of the drug war, militarism and gun trafficking, and of the growing movement to forge a different path in Mexico and the United States.


text:
Town will boast two very wealthy backers
WHEN the Marcus Evans deal goes through, Ipswich Town will boast two fabulously wealthy backers.While Evans is usually described as being a billionaire, associate director Michael Spencer isn't far behind.
WHEN the Marcus Evans deal goes through, Ipswich Town will boast two fabulously wealthy backers.
While Evans is usually described as being a billionaire, associate director Michael Spencer isn't far behind. In the latest Football Rich List, Spencer is ranked at number 11, with a personal fortune amounting to a cool £850.
Spencer, who lives near Woodbridge, is the founder of city broker ICAP, and, while not a massive football fan, is a personal friend of Town chairman David Sheepshanks. He's not frightened to splash the cash, either: he recently spent £1 million to get Robbie Williams to sing at his wife's birthday party.
Town director Holly Bellingham also makes the rich list, which features in the December edition of FourFourTwo magazine. Bellingham just squeezes into the elite, in 98th place with an estimated wealth of £13 million. She made her money in the City.
Down the A12 at Colchester United, owner Robbie Cowling is reckoned to be worth £105 million, having made his money with an internet-based recruitment consultancy.
At Carrow Road, director Andrew Turner is apparently worth £275 million, and makes the top 30 of the rich list. Meanwhile, Delia Smith, the majority shareholder at Norwich City, is worth £15 million.
10 Open day for Ipswich pub on sale for £300,000


text:
Home All issues Volume 527 (March 2011) A&A, 527 (2011) A8 Full HTML
Volume 527, March 2011
2. Observations and ...
3. Light curve analysis
4. The physical ...
A much lower density for the transiting extrasolar planet WASP-7⋆,⋆⋆
J. Southworth1, M. Dominik2,⋆⋆⋆, U. G. Jørgensen3,4, S. Rahvar5, C. Snodgrass6,7, K. Alsubai8, V. Bozza9,12,13, P. Browne2, M. Burgdorf10,11, S. Calchi Novati9,13, P. Dodds2, S. Dreizler14, F. Finet16, T. Gerner17, S. Hardis3,4, K. Harpsøe3,4, C. Hellier1, T. C. Hinse3,18, M. Hundertmark14, N. Kains2,15, E. Kerins19, C. Liebig2, L. Mancini9,13,20, M. Mathiasen3, M. T. Penny19, S. Proft17, D. Ricci16, K. Sahu21, G. Scarpetta9,12,13, S. Schäfer14, F. Schönebeck17 and J. Surdej16
1 Astrophysics Group, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
e-mail: jkt@astro.keele.ac.uk
2 SUPA, University of St Andrews, School of Physics & Astronomy, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
3 Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries vej 30, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
4 Centre for Star and Planet Formation, Geological Museum, Øster Voldgade 5, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
5 Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, PO Box 11155-9161 Tehran, Iran
6 Max-Planck-Institute for Solar System Research, Max-Planck Str. 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
7 European Southern Observatory, Casilla 19001, Santiago 19, Chile
8 Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
9 Dipartimento di Fisica "E. R. Caianiello", Università di Salerno, via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 - Fisciano (SA), Italy
10 Deutsches SOFIA Institut, Universitaet Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
11 SOFIA Science Center, NASA Ames Research Center, Mail Stop N211-3, Moffett Field CA 94035, USA
12 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
13 Istituto Internazionale per gli Alti Studi Scientifici (IIASS), 84019 Vietri Sul Mare (SA), Italy
14 Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
15 European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
16 Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique, Université de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
17 Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum für Astronomie, Universität Heidelberg, Mönchhofstraße 12-14, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
18 Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh, BT61 9DG, Northern Ireland, UK
19 Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
20 Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università del Sannio, Corso Garibaldi 107, 82100- Benevento, Italy
21 Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
We present the first high-precision photometry of the transiting extrasolar planetary system WASP-7, obtained using telescope defocussing techniques and reaching a scatter of 0.68 mmag per point. We find that the transit depth is greater and that the host star is more evolved than previously thought. The planet has a significantly larger radius (1.330 ± 0.093 RJup versus RJup) and much lower density (0.41 ± 0.10 ρJup versus ρJup) and surface gravity (13.4 ± 2.6 m s-2 versus m s-2) than previous measurements showed. Based on the revised properties it is no longer an outlier in planetary mass-radius and period-gravity diagrams. We also obtain a more precise transit ephemeris for the WASP-7 system.
Key words: planets and satellites: fundamental parameters / planetary systems / stars: individual: WASP-7
⋆
Based on data collected by MiNDSTEp with the Danish 1.54 m telescope at the ESO La Silla Observatory.
⋆⋆
Lightcurves data is only available in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/527/A8
⋆⋆⋆
Royal Society University Research Fellow.
The transiting extrasolar planet (TEP) WASP-7 b was discovered by the WASP consortium (Hellier et al. 2009, hereafter H09) through the detection of transits in front of its F5 V parent star. It is a challenging target for acquiring high-precision transit photometry, due to the brightness of the parent star (V = 9.5), the paucity of good nearby comparison stars, the transit duration (3.8 h), and the orbital period (4.95 d) which is both comparatively long and close to an integer number of days. The characterisation of WASP-7 therefore relied upon the photometry obtained by the WASP-South telescope (Pollacco et al. 2006).
The relatively large scatter in the discovery data meant that the transit shape was poorly delineated. Because of this, the analysis by H09 included an additional constraint in the form of a main sequence mass-radius relation for the host star (e.g. Anderson et al. 2010). The radius, surface gravity and density of the planet resulting from their analysis are RJup, m s-2 and ρJup, respectively. These values placed WASP-7 b in an outlier position in the mass–radius diagram of TEPs, having one of the largest densities within the main planet population (masses ≲ 2 MJup). This was interpreted by H09 as evidence that WASP-7 b has a massive heavy-element core.
In this work we present the first follow-up photometric observations obtained for WASP-7. The high precision of our observations (0.68 mmag scatter) allows us to obtain the physical properties of the transiting system without needing to impose any constraints on the parameters of the parent star. We find a substantially larger radius, and therefore a lower density and surface gravity. We also greatly improve the orbital ephemeris for the system, so transit midpoints in the 2011 observing season can be predicted to within 45 s instead of 27 min.
2. Observations and data reduction
Parameters of the jktebop best fits of the light curve of WASP-7, using different approaches to limb darkening (LD).
WASP-7 was observed from 00:14 to 07:18 UT on the date 2010/09/07. We used the 1.54 m Danish telescope at ESO La Silla, equipped with the DFOSC focal-reducing CCD imager. A total of 217 integrations were obtained through a Gunn I filter (ESO filter #425) and with an exposure time of 60 s. The CCD was windowed down in order to reduce readout time, resulting in a dead time of 50 s between individual observations. The telescope was defocussed to a point spread function diameter of 38 pixels (15′′) in order to average out flat-fielding noise and avoid saturating the CCD.
The data were reduced using a pipeline which implements the daophot aperture photometry routine (Stetson 1987). The images were debiassed and flat-fielded, and slight pointing variations were detected and accounted for by cross-correlating against a reference image. A differential-magnitude light curve was constructed by simultaneously fitting a straight line to the out-of-transit observations plus weights to the reference stars used to create the ensemble comparison star. We find that the sizes of the software apertures and the choice of comparison stars has very little effect on the shape of the observed transit. For our final photometry we adopt the light curve which displays the lowest scatter with respect to a fitted transit model (see below). The root-mean-square (rms) of the scatter in this light curve is 0.68 mmag per point. For further details on the approach used to obtain and reduce the data see Southworth et al. (2009, 2010).
The light curve of WASP-7 was modelled using the jktebop code1, which in turn is based on the ebop program (Popper & Etzel 1981; Nelson & Davis 1972). The main parameters of the fit were the sum of the fractional radii of the star and planet, where a is the semimajor axis, their ratio, and the orbital inclination, i. After a preliminary fit was obtained, the measurement errors were rescaled to give a reduced χ2 of 1.0. In order to provide an accurate measure of the orbital period we included the time of mid-transit quoted by H09, using the approach given by Southworth et al. (2007a). This results in an orbital ephemeris of:
where E is the number of orbital cycles after the reference epoch and the bracketed quantities denote the uncertainty in the final digit of the preceding number. This ephemeris is on the BJD(TDB) timescale (Eastman et al. 2010). The timestamps in our data were manually verified to be correct to within ± 2 s.
Limb darkening (LD) was included and its uncertainty accounted for using five different functional laws, and solutions were obtained for the cases when both coefficients were fixed to theoretical values, the linear coefficient was fitted for, and both coefficients were fitted for. Theoretical values were calculated for the measured effective temperature and surface gravity of the star by linearly interpolating within the tables of Van Hamme (1993) and Claret (2000). The results for each of these modelling runs are given in Table 1. We find that the results for different LD laws are generally in good agreement, although the amount of LD is lower than theoretically predicted.
Uncertainties in the fitted parameters were obtained using Monte Carlo and residual-permutation simulations (Southworth 2008; Jenkins et al. 2002). We are able to reject the solutions with all LD coefficients fixed to theoretical values, as they provide a clearly worse fit to the data. The solutions where two LD coefficients are fitted are marginally the best ones, so for the final parameters we adopt their mean values from these four solutions. We adopt the parameter uncertainties from the residual permutation algorithm, which are roughly 1.5 times larger than the Monte Carlo alternatives. This implies that correlated noise is significant in our data, as expected from visual inspection of the plot of the best fit (Fig. 1). The final parameter values and uncertainties are given in Table 2. Compared to those from H09, we find a solution with a lower orbital inclination and larger fractional radius for both the star and the planet. Our results were obtained using the methods of Southworth (2008) and are homogeneous with the results in that work.
Fig. 1
Phased light curve of WASP-7 compared to the best fit found using jktebop. The residuals of the fits are plotted at the base of the figure, offset from zero.
4. The physical properties of WASP-7
The light curve parameters alone do not allow the physical properties of the WASP-7 system to be calculated. Additional observed properties are available from H09: the star's orbital velocity amplitude (KA = 97 ± 13 m s-1), effective temperature (Teff = 6400 ± 100 K), surface gravity (log g = 4.3 ± 0.2) and metallicity ( ). Of these, the surface gravity is quite imprecise so is only useful as a consistency check.
In order to calculate the physical properties of WASP-7 we use the same approach as in Southworth (2009). Firstly, we adopt tabulated predictions from theoretical models of low-mass stars. Secondly, we guess an initial value of the velocity amplitude of the planet, Kb. We then use the known rA, rb, i, KA and orbital period to calculate the physical properties of the system. The observed Teff and calculated RA are then compared to the model-predicted values for a star of the calculated mass (MA), and Kb is adjusted until the best match is found. This is performed for a grid of ages covering 0.1 to 20 Gyr in 0.1 Gyr steps, by which the overall best physical properties and age are found. The uncertainty in each of the input parameters is propagated by repeating this procedure with the parameter perturbed, resulting in a detailed error budget for every output parameter.
The above procedure is performed five times, using independent sets of theoretical model predictions. These are: Claret (Claret 2004), Y2(Demarque et al. 2004), Teramo (Pietrinferni et al. 2004), VRSS (VandenBerg et al. 2006) and DSEP (Dotter et al. 2008). The final value for each of the physical properties is taken to be the unweighted mean of the values found using the five different model sets. The random error is taken to be the largest of the individal errors found by the perturbation analysis. The systematic error is the standard deviation of the values from the five different model sets. The results for each model set are given in Table 3. The final physical properties of WASP-7 are collected in Table 4 and compared to those found by H09. In this table the quantity is the equilibrium temperature of the planet excluding the energy redistribution factor (Southworth 2009) and Θ is the Safronov (1972) number. We find that the star is slightly evolved, allowing a reasonable estimate of its age (2.4 ± 1.0 Gyr).
Final parameters of the fits to the light curve of WASP-7, compared to the results from H09.
Derived physical properties of WASP-7 using five different sets of theoretical stellar models.
We have observed a transit of the WASP-7 system using defocussed photometry techniques, resulting in a light curve with an rms scatter of only 0.68 mmag. These data were modelled with the jktebop code, and the results used to determine the physical properties of the planet and its host star. The higher quality of our photometry has allowed us to measure the system properties without constraining the host star to follow a main-sequence mass-radius relation. Compared to H09, we find both a larger radius for the host star and a larger ratio of the radii of the planet and star. This results in a sizeable increase in the planetary radius, from RJup to 1.330 ± 0.093 RJup, which in turn means a lower surface gravity and mean density.
We have collected literature measurements of the physical properties of the 96 known TEPs as of 2010/11/18. For 30 of these objects we used the results of the homogeneous analysis performed by Southworth (2010). In Fig. 2 we plot their masses and radii, plus the values from WASP-7 found in this work (filled circle) and from H09 (open circle). The H09 results for WASP-7 b indicated that it was one of the densest known TEPs below ∼ 2 MJup, along with the more recently-discovered planets CoRoT-13 b (Cabrera et al. 2010) and HAT-P-15 b (Kovács et al. 2010). The outlier status has now been lifted: our results place WASP-7 b in a well-populated part of the mass-radius diagram and demonstrate that high-quality data is required to obtain reliable measurements of the properties of TEPs.
Final physical properties of WASP-7 compared to those found by H09.
Plot of the masses and radii of the known TEPs. The blue symbols denote values from the homogeneous analysis of Southworth (2010) and the red symbols results for the other known TEPs. WASP-7 is shown in black with an open circle (H09) and a filled circle (this work). Grey dotted lines show where density is 1.0, 0.5 and 0.25 ρJup.
Plot of the orbital periods and surface gravities of the known TEPs. The symbols are the same as for Fig. 2.
Figure 3 shows the surface gravities of the known TEPs as a function of their orbital periods. The existing planet population shows an inverse correlation between period and surface gravity (Southworth et al. 2007b), at least for the dominant population with periods ≲ 10 d and masses ≲ 3 MJup (see also Fressin et al. 2009). The revised properties of WASP-7 b move it from outlier status to within the sprawl of parameter space occupied by the general planet population.
The theoretical models of irradiated gas giant planets Bodenheimer et al. (2003), Fortney et al. (2007) and Baraffe et al. (2008) predict radii of no more than 1.16 RJup for a 1.0 MJup planet with a range of chemical compositions and core masses, and without an arbitrary additional heating source. Our upward revision of the radius of WASP-7 b means that it no longer matches the predictions of these models at the 2σ level. These conclusions could be strengthened by the provision of more radial velocity measurements as well as the acquisition of further photometric observations.
jktebop is written in fortran77 and the source code is available at http://www.astro.keele.ac.uk/~jkt/codes/jktebop.html
J.S. acknowledges funding from STFC in the form of an Advanced Fellowship. We thank the referee for comments which helped to improve the paper. Astronomical research at Armagh Observatory is funded by the Department of Culture, Arts & Leisure (DCAL). J. Surdej, D.R. (boursier FRIA) and F.F. acknowledge support from the Communauté française de Belgique – Actions de recherche concertées – Académie Wallonie-Europe.
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Tables at CDS
Physical properties of the WASP-67 planetary system from multi-colour photometry
A lower radius and mass for the transiting extrasolar planet HAT-P-8 b
Physical properties and transmission spectrum of the WASP-80 planetary system from multi-colour photometry
Simultaneous follow-up of planetary transits: revised physical properties for the planetary systems HAT-P-16 and WASP-21
A multiplicity study of transiting exoplanet host stars — II. Revised properties of transiting planetary systems with companions


DON'T MISS THE 'BANDITS FIRST VISIT to the NEW 82 SPEEDWAY – SAT. APRIL 27th!
sprint car event held on the new track configuration!
of 30' in the corners!
-The facility is laid out great, and there's tons of space for everyone, from the pit area through the grandstand to the spectator parking area.
Passes are $35. Small food/drink coolers (no glass containers) are allowed with a $5 service fee. A full compliment of hot food and cold soft drinks are available.
-Very good lighting, track amenities and excellent safety features.
an environment at the property everyone can enjoy going to.
close look at the cars. SCB Fan Fest is an effort to help sprint car racing get back to the good 'ol days when there was generally more fan interaction with the race teams.
that feasible. This is an effort to fire back up that interaction by simply flipping the timing element. Pre-race Fan Fest will take place at every SCB series event in 2019.
help drivers better funded throughout the season.
chooses to on a night-to-night basis, just as in previous seasons. Drivers interested in the Sprint Car Bandits Fierce 15 program can contact SprintCarBandits@outlook.
US Hwy 82 Petty, TX 75470. For track and details, go to www.82speedway.com or on Facebook @82Speedway.
Here's the purse structure for the SCB championship feature: $2,000 – 1,000 – 600 – 500 – 400 – 390 – 380 – 370 – 360 – 350 – 340 – 330 – 320 – 310 – 300…to start.
All non-qualifiers or non-starters will each receive $100. There is no entry fee, no series membership fee and a $20 nightly draw fee. Drivers should go to www.
SprintCarBandits.com prior to arrival for complete rules, purse and procedures information.
Series in increments of each '4 Pack' of SCB events completed throughout the season. More details are posted at the series website.
the rules since the inception of the series at the end of 2015.
impacts. We aren't trying to say we've 'fixed' all those impacts, but at least we are doing something to help curb racer expenses – and it's working.
that's a result of why we DARE TO BE DIFFERENT.
NOTE TO SPRINT TEAMS GETTING THERE: It actually only took us like an hour and 20 minutes to get there from our location (Bass Pro Shops/Lake Ray Hubbard).
We've actually been up there a few times already, but if you use Siri, there's a pretty decent shortcut that takes us there.
supposed to be. LOL, but it definitely had me a bit out-of-sorts for a moment the first time I encountered it.
not careful about taking the corner wide enough, I can totally see someone dragging the tail of their trailer on the ground due to the grade change getting on to the road.
have our first of three Sprint Car Bandits series stops at this ultra-modern speed plant - with the first one in the pipeline coming on Saturday April 27th...so DON'T MISS IT!
such a FANtastic place to enjoy quality dirt track racing events!


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School timings in Karachi changed due to cold weather
ECP proposes to hold elections in Punjab, KP in April
In meeting with US ambassador, PM Shehbaz resolves to deepen economic engagement with Washington
Berlin airport grounds all flights over pay row
Justin Bieber refutes sexual assault allegations
01:47 PM | 22 Jun, 2020
Canadian pop star Justin Bieber has been accused of sexually assaulting two women.
On Saturday evening, a Twitter user under the name Danielle, alleged that she was sexually assaulted by the singer in 2014 when she was 21. Bieber was 20 years old at that time.
In her statement, Danielle revealed that she attended a small event in Texas hosted by Bieber's manager Scooter Braun on March 9, 2014. "My friends and I were enjoying ourselves the entire night," Danielle wrote, adding, "A man then approached me and my friends and asked us if we would like to wait after the show to meet Justin. Of course we said yes. My friends and I thought it was strange at first and sketchy, but as promised, we all waited after the show because we were fans. Justin came up to us, we took some pictures and chatted for about 20 minutes."
She then claimed that she and her friends joined Bieber at the Four Seasons hotel, where she was "sexually assaulted without consent."
Following Danielle's account, another Twitter user, by the name of @ItsnotKadi, came forward alleging that Bieber had raped her in 2015.
https://twitter.com/ItsnotKadi/status/1274592782816956416?s=20
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Today, Justin Bieber seemingly addressed the allegations in multiple tweets. He has refuted all the claims against him.
"I don't normally address things as I have dealt with random accusations my entire career but after talking with my wife and team I have decided to speak up on an issue tonight," Bieber wrote on Twitter on Sunday night.
I don't normally address things as I have dealt with random accusations my entire career but after talking with my wife and team I have decided to speak up on an issue tonight.
— Justin Bieber (@justinbieber) June 22, 2020
The Sorry singer continued,"Rumors are rumors but sexual abuse is something I don't take lightly. I wanted to speak out right away but out of respect to so many victims who deal with these issues daily I wanted to make sure I gathered the facts before I made any statement."
Rumors are rumors but sexual abuse is something I don't take lightly. I wanted to speak out right away but out of respect to so many victims who deal with these issues daily I wanted to make sure I gathered the facts before I made any statement.
Bieber also shared links to news articles, as well social media photos and screenshots of emails and lodging receipts, from the time period in question.
This article from 2014 talks about Selena being there with me. https://t.co/Jr2AE0brY2
"In the past 24 hours a new Twitter appeared that told a story of myself involved with sexual abuse on March 9, 2014 in Austin Texas at the Four seasons hotel. I want to be clear. There is no truth to this story. In fact as I will soon show I was never present at that location," said Bieber. "As her story told I did surprise a crowd in Austin at Sxsw where I appeared on stage with my then assistant side stage and sang a few songs. What this person did not know was that I attended that show with my then gf Selena Gomez."
Have more to add to the story? Comment below and stay tuned for more!
Justin Bieber sells music rights for $200 million
Ali Zafar tells 'real story' behind Meesha Shafi's sexual harassment allegations
Pakistani actor Mehreen Shah accuses Indian producer of sexual harassment
Adil Raja apologises to Kubra Khan after grim allegations
Has Mehwish Hayat hired private bodyguards amid 'honeytrap' allegations?
Fifty Fifty icon Majid Jahangir comes up with allegations against TV anchors Waseem Badami and Iqrar ul Hassan
Naimal Khawar, Usman Mukhtar pair up for an upcoming project
Sarfaraz Ahmed sings at Shan Masood's wedding event
SHC seeks progress report on removal of objectionable content against Kubra Khan, Mehwish Hayat


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Tigers again fail to agree contract terms with Yang Hyeon-jong
Yang Hyeon-jong arrives at Incheon International Airport on Oct. 5. [YONHAP]
Yang Hyeon-jong's highly-anticipated return to the Kia Tigers is still up in the air, with the club reporting Wednesday that the two parties had still not agreed on his new contract after five rounds of negotiations.
According to the JoongAng Ilbo, the Tigers met with Yang at Gwangju-Kia Champions Field on Wednesday for a fifth round of negotiations. Kia reportedly presented its revised final offer, but Yang left the meeting without signing. The former major leaguer reportedly requested a little more time to think.
The Tigers are reportedly offering Yang a deal worth worth 10 billion won ($8.4 million) for four years, but whatever the terms of that deal are, Yang and his representatives clearly don't think they are favorable.
The issue may be incentives. Kia's offer is believed to include significant incentives, rather than guaranteed salary. This is likely a safety measure on the part of the club — Yang is 33 years old and the last couple of years, whether in the United States or Korea, certainly haven't been the best of his career.
After playing his entire career in Gwangju, Yang left the Tigers last year in favor of a minor league deal with the Texas Rangers, where he hoped to break into the big leagues and make a name for himself. He ended up having a rollercoaster year, shuttling between the majors and minors in the Rangers farm system.
Yang was called up in late April, debuting on April 27 with an impressively long relief appearance, pitching four and one third innings and giving up five hits and two runs while striking out one for a 4.15 ERA. Yang's four inning stint was the second-longest relief appearance ever by a Texas Ranger in his MLB debut, but things quickly started to go awry for the fledgling Texan and he was sent down again in June after a difficult few starts.
He bounced back up again in late August, appearing in a single game before being sent down again, only to return within 24 hours when MLB rosters were expanded from 26 to 28 players.
Yang appeared in three games during his last stint and was sent down again in the middle of September. His 12 major league appearances leave him with a 5.60 ERA, three losses and an expired one-year contract.
In Korea, Yang was a very different caliber player. After making his first appearance with the Tigers in 2007, Yang has appeared in 425 games across 14 seasons, with a 3.83 career ERA and 147 wins to his name.
Yang was posted by the Tigers after the 2014 season but couldn't land a major deal then.
In each of the ensuing six seasons since deciding to stay with the Tigers, Yang has thrown at least 170 innings. In that span, the workhorse left-hander leads all KBO pitchers with 85 wins, 10 complete games, 925 strikeouts and 1,119 and one-third innings pitched.
In 2017, Yang was voted the regular season MVP here, thanks to a 20-6 record and a 3.44 ERA. He earned the Korean Series MVP award in 2017 by leading the Tigers to their first championship in eight years. Yang pitched a complete game shutout and saved the clinching game in that series.
Yang was even better in 2019, when he was 16-8 with a 2.29 ERA in 29 starts while giving up only six home runs in 184 and two-thirds innings. Yang was quieter in the 2020 season, with 11 wins and 10 losses in 31 starts with a 4.70 ERA.
Yang Hyeon-jong Kia Tigers KBO Texas Rangers
Contract talks delay Yang's prodigal son return to Gwangju
Yang Hyeon-jong looks set to rejoin the Kia Tigers
Short-lived major league debut earns Yang an F
Yang Hyeon-jong extends self-imposed deadline for MLB offer
Yang Hyeon-jong throws eight Ks in first major league start


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0 ALL SYSTEMS FAIL / @PATIA NO split LP – REVIEW
This LP is a pairing of two raging anarcho-punk powerhouses. @PATIA NO hail from Caracas, Venezuela, and they've been very active for a number of years now, not just in the DIY punk scene, with quite a few records under their belts, but also in the activist movement. They are definitely a band who believes in putting the politics back into punk. Their sound is sort of heavy hardcore punk with a bit of a crusty edge, with frantic drumming, male & female vocals, and tons of rage, anger, passion and sincerity. On the other side of the record is Salt Lake City, UT's own ALL SYSTEMS FAIL, another fiercely anarchist hardcore punk band, a bit faster paced, a bit more upbeat, and with a touch of rock n roll in there. The songs are really catchy and loaded with hooks that keep your head bobbing along. And no one could dare say these guys are lacking in anger, passion, or sincerity. This whole record is great, but the ALL SYSTEMS FAIL side is really fucking great, and has been receiving a lot of turntable time in my house lately. The record itself is pressed on grey vinyl, and comes with a nice fold out insert with lyrics, and the cover and insert art are done by Dave Trenga of BEHIND ENEMY LINES and AUS-ROTTEN. (righteous)
Noseke Records // nosekerecords.webcindario.com


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Suddenly, creating jobs is out, inflicting pain is in. Condemning deficits and refusing to help a still-struggling economy has become the new fashion everywhere, including the United States, where 52 senators voted against extending aid to the unemployed despite the highest rate of long-term joblessness since the 1930s.
Many economists, myself included, regard this turn to austerity as a huge mistake. It raises memories of 1937, when F.D.R.'s premature attempt to balance the budget helped plunge a recovering economy back into severe recession. And here in Germany, a few scholars see parallels to the policies of Heinrich Brüning, the chancellor from 1930 to 1932, whose devotion to financial orthodoxy ended up sealing the doom of the Weimar Republic.
But despite these warnings, the deficit hawks are prevailing in most places — and nowhere more than here, where the government has pledged 80 billion euros, almost $100 billion, in tax increases and spending cuts even though the economy continues to operate far below capacity.
What's the economic logic behind the government's moves? The answer, as far as I can tell, is that there isn't any. Press German officials to explain why they need to impose austerity on a depressed economy, and you get rationales that don't add up. Point this out, and they come up with different rationales, which also don't add up. Arguing with German deficit hawks feels more than a bit like arguing with U.S. Iraq hawks back in 2002: They know what they want to do, and every time you refute one argument, they just come up with another.
Here's roughly how the typical conversation goes (this is based both on my own experience and that of other American economists):
German hawk: "We must cut deficits immediately, because we have to deal with the fiscal burden of an aging population."
Ugly American: "But that doesn't make sense. Even if you manage to save 80 billion euros — which you won't, because the budget cuts will hurt your economy and reduce revenues — the interest payments on that much debt would be less than a tenth of a percent of your G.D.P. So the austerity you're pursuing will threaten economic recovery while doing next to nothing to improve your long-run budget position."
German hawk: "I won't try to argue the arithmetic. You have to take into account the market reaction."
Ugly American: "But how do you know how the market will react? And anyway, why should the market be moved by policies that have almost no impact on the long-run fiscal position?"
German hawk: "You just don't understand our situation."
The key point is that while the advocates of austerity pose as hardheaded realists, doing what has to be done, they can't and won't justify their stance with actual numbers — because the numbers do not, in fact, support their position. Nor can they claim that markets are demanding austerity. On the contrary, the German government remains able to borrow at rock-bottom interest rates.
So the real motivations for their obsession with austerity lie somewhere else.
In America, many self-described deficit hawks are hypocrites, pure and simple: They're eager to slash benefits for those in need, but their concerns about red ink vanish when it comes to tax breaks for the wealthy. Thus, Senator Ben Nelson, who sanctimoniously declared that we can't afford $77 billion in aid to the unemployed, was instrumental in passing the first Bush tax cut, which cost a cool $1.3 trillion.
German deficit hawkery seems more sincere. But it still has nothing to do with fiscal realism. Instead, it's about moralizing and posturing. Germans tend to think of running deficits as being morally wrong, while balancing budgets is considered virtuous, never mind the circumstances or economic logic. "The last few hours were a singular show of strength," declared Angela Merkel, the German chancellor, after a special cabinet meeting agreed on the austerity plan. And showing strength — or what is perceived as strength — is what it's all about.
There will, of course, be a price for this posturing. Only part of that price will fall on Germany: German austerity will worsen the crisis in the euro area, making it that much harder for Spain and other troubled economies to recover. Europe's troubles are also leading to a weak euro, which perversely helps German manufacturing, but also exports the consequences of German austerity to the rest of the world, including the United States.
But German politicians seem determined to prove their strength by imposing suffering — and politicians around the world are following their lead.
How bad will it be? Will it really be 1937 all over again? I don't know. What I do know is that economic policy around the world has taken a major wrong turn, and that the odds of a prolonged slump are rising by the day.


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Illinois Academy of Mediators & Arbitrators
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J. Timothy Eaton is a senior litigation partner at Taft Stettinius & Hollister LLP in Chicago, Illinois. In the last 10 years, he has been involved in over 90 arbitrations either as a sole arbitrator, panel arbitrator or panel chair for both the American Arbitration Association and the International Institute for Conflict Prevention and Resolution. His arbitrations have involved disputes regarding contracts, employment agreements, insurance coverage, ERISA, vendor disputes, securities, utility rates, banking disputes, accounting malpractice, attorney's fees, banking practices, employment law, coal mining contracts, distributorship agreements, products liability and warranties. He is a Fellow of the College of Commercial Arbitrators.
Mr. Eaton is also an experienced commercial litigator and appellate practitioner. He is a Past-President of the Illinois State Bar Association, Past-President of the Chicago Bar Association, Past-President of the Illinois Appellate Lawyers Association, Past-Chair of the ISBA Civil Practice and Procedure Council, Board member of the Federal Bar Association and Board of Governors member of the Seventh Circuit Bar Association. He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Appellate Lawyers.
Case Experience
LLM, 1979, Washington University School of Law
JD, 1977, Southern Illinois University School of Law, cum laude
BA, 1973, Miami University of Ohio
Memberships & Affiliations
Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals
First Circuit Court of Appeals
Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals
United States District Court for the Central, Southern, and Northern District of Illinois
PROFESSIONAL AND CIVIC AFFILIATIONS
Illinois State Bar Association - Past President
Chicago Bar Association - Past President
Appellate Lawyers Association of Illinois - Past President
Federal Bar Association - Past Member, Board of Directors
Seventh Circuit Bar Association - Past Member, Board of Governors
Illinois Lawyers Trust Fund- Past President
Illinois Coalition for Equal Justice- Past Chair of Executive Committee
- Board of Governors (2016-Present)
- House of Delegates (1999–2002)
- Past Chair, Appellate Advocacy Committee, Tort and Insurance Practice Section
- Member, Standing Committee on Amicus Curiae Briefs
Appointed by the Illinois Supreme Court to Co-Chair Committee on Supreme Court Rule 23
Fellow, College of Commercial Arbitrators
AAA Panel of Neutrals, IICPR Distinguished Panel of Neutrals for Chicago
American Academy of Appellate Lawyers- Fellow
Tim has been awarded an AV® Peer Review Rating from Martindale-Hubbell, its highest rating for ethical standards and legal ability.
Illinois Chapter
104 Churchill Way, W. Palm Beach, FL 33411
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This authentic Celine Pillow Shoulder Bag Leather is from the brands' Spring 2016 Collection by Phoebe Philo. Crafted from grey leather, this pillow style bag features dual flat shoulder straps, foil-stamped logo accent at front and silver-tone hardware accents. It opens to a grey leather-lined interior divided into two compartments with a center zip compartment with side slip pockets perfect for housing your daily essentials. Authenticity coder reads: U-GA-0136. **Note: Shoe photographed is used as a sizing reference, and does not come with the bag. These are professional pictures of the actual bag offered by Rebag.
Condition: Excellent. Minor wear on base corners, splitting and fraying on opening corner wax edges.
Measurements: Handle Drop 7.5", Height 11", Width 13", Depth 4"