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Asian American feminism, politics, and pop culture
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Tag: Terrorism
#SareeNotSorry: When America Treats Me Like I'm "Illegal" Just For Being Brown
#SareeNotSorry (Photo credit: Tanya Rawal)
This post was originally published on Medium.
By Guest Contributor: Tanya Rawal (@Saree_NotSorry, IG: Saree.Not.Sorry)
The immigration debates are not about legality, or about having the right papers. They are about the fact that some people look illegal and some people look legal.
Translation: The immigration debate is about racism.
I was born in this country, but I look illegal.
Continue reading "#SareeNotSorry: When America Treats Me Like I'm "Illegal" Just For Being Brown"
Categories Categories Asian Americans & Pacific Islanders, Guest Contributors
Tags Tags Assimilation, Guest Contributors, SareeNotSorry, Tanya Rawal, Terrorism
ISIS Threatens Two Japanese Hostages & Demands $200M Ransom in Latest Video
PMC CEO Haruna Yukawa in a photo from Syria dated two years ago.
The latest video posted this morning by ISIS militants shows members of the extremist organization threatening the lives of two Japanese hostages, Private Military Company CEO Haruna Yukawa (above) and freelance journalist Kenji Goto; both Japanese citizens were captured by the extremist group last year. The macabre setting of this morning's video is heartbreakingly familiar: the orange jumpsuit-clad hostages knelt in front of a rocky dune next to the same hooded spokesman who has been featured in earlier beheading videos.
In this morning's video, ISIS demands that the Japanese government pay the group $200 million dollars for Goto and Yukawa's safe return. This was apparently in reference to the recent decision by Japanese prime minister Shinzo Abe to commit $200 million in non-military aid to countries fighting ISIS; that decision was announced Saturday and was intended to support infrastructure projects. Abe also announced Saturday that his government is ready to commit an additional $2.5 billion humanitarian support. These monies are in addition to the country's $2.2 billion dollar pledge two years ago to support humanitarian causes in the Middle East.
Continue reading "ISIS Threatens Two Japanese Hostages & Demands $200M Ransom in Latest Video"
Categories Categories Asian Americans & Pacific Islanders, Politics
Tags Tags Haruna Yukawa, Iraq, ISIS, Japan, Kenji Goto, Shinzo Abe, Syria, Terrorism, United Nations
Thoughts on #CharlieHebdo and the White Privilege of Free Speech
Last week, two terrorists stormed the offices of French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo and murdered twelve men and women — including journalists, editors, and first responder law enforcement — in cold blood. The suspects, later revealed to be brothers Cherif and Said Kouachi, committed the heinous acts allegedly in retaliation for the magazine's long history of disparaging cartoons that included the prophet Mohammed; the Kouachi brothers escaped the offices of Charlie Hebdo with the aid of a third suspect named Amedy Coulibaly. Two days later, the three suspects took hostages, and engaged police in multiple firefights. When the dust cleared, all three suspects were dead.
Seventeen victims had also been brutally and senselessly killed in one of Europe's deadliest terrorist attacks in contemporary memory. They include: Charlie Hebdo editor, Stephane Charbonnier; 76-year-old cartoonist, Jean Cabut; Muslim-French police officer, Ahmed Merabet; and, many more.
The Charlie Hebdo shootings have sparked an international outcry, much of it justified anger against an unjustifiable act of terrorism. This is a viewpoint I share with nearly every public pundit who has waded into the aftermath of the Charlie Hebdo attack: mass murder — even mass murder in the name of a political cause — is inexcusable. Period. Full stop.
Where pundits and commentators disagree, however, is in the details of this incident, and the intersection of cultural diversity versus free speech rights.
Continue reading "Thoughts on #CharlieHebdo and the White Privilege of Free Speech"
Categories Categories Politics, Racism
Tags Tags Charlie Hebdo, First Amendment, Free Speech, JeNeSuisPasCharlie, JeSuisCharlie, Seth Rogen, Sonyhack, Terrorism, The Interview
When "Iranian" becomes racist short-hand for "terrorist"
According to a CNN iReporter, missing passengers Pouri Nourmohammadi, 18, and Delavar Seyed Mohammad Reza, 29 — the two passengers flying on forged passports — took this picture with their roommates in Kuala Lumpur moments before boarding MH370. Photo Credit: CNN/iReport
Over the weekend, a Malaysian Air jetliner, MH370, disappeared somewhere over Southeast Asia, potentially claiming all 239 souls on-board. As search crews continue to scour the area following recent suggestions that the jet mysteriously shifted course near Pulau Perak and started flying on a vector in the opposite direction from Beijing, mainstream news outlets have focused on two non-Asian male passengers who reportedly purchased their tickets using the stolen passports of an Austrian and an Italian citizen.
Over the last few days, mainstream news have tacitly suggested that these two passengers were — by virtue of their forged passports — responsible for the jet's disappearance. Twitter and other social networking sites have been more explicit, openly theorizing over terrorism.
These theories were whipped into a frenzy yesterday when it was revealed that the two non-Asian passengers flying on forged passports were of Iranian descent.
Because, y'know, "Iranian" is synonymous with "terrorist".
That's so racist, yo.
Continue reading "When "Iranian" becomes racist short-hand for "terrorist""
Categories Categories Racism
Tags Tags Iran, MH370, Terrorism
CNN uncovers White House emails reporting Benghazi terrorist claims ~2h after the attack
CNN has released redacted copies of emails to the White House from someone at the State Department reporting that a terrorist organization, Ansar al-Sharia, claimed responsibility for the Benghazi attacks on their social media sites hours after the initial incident. CNN also reports, that group later retracted their claims of responsibility; but these emails are likely to be further fodder for right-wing extremists to claim some sort of conspiratorial cover-up by the White House to hide the terrorist attack from the public.
This email, released by CNN, was sent from a State Department address to various other administration employees hours after the attack in Benghazi reports a terrorist organization claimed responsibility on Facebook and Twitter.
A group claiming responsibility on social media does not prove a terrorist attack. Although we now know that Benghazi wasn't the work of an innocent mob, I don't see how these emails are convincing evidence of a White House cover-up; more likely, there was LOTS of information coming from the intelligence community in the wake of the attacks, some of it contradictory and all of which needed to be sorted through and verified.
Initial intelligence reports cited numerous violent protests throughout the region in response to the anti-Muslim video that coincided with the timing of the attack. It was initially a far more parsimonious conclusion that the Benghazi attack was related.
While the response to Benghazi was clearly mishandled by the White House and/or the intelligence community, I think this is also something of a manufactured controversy. I think the administration was keeping the public apprised of the situation as they felt they were able to do, and (as sometimes happens when you're doing this kind of work) the initial conclusions based on the available evidence were wrong, as more evidence was uncovered.
Also, imagine for example the alternative: what would've been the consequences had the White House claimed that the Benghazi attacks were a terrorist action, and were later found to be wrong? Would we really have wanted the White House to rush to a conclusion that pointed fingers at various terrorist organizations, without having all the facts?
Categories Categories Politics
Tags Tags Benghazi, Terrorism, White House
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🇨🇴 LOST CITY CIUDAD PERDIDA
|In LATEST INFORMATION
|By panamaposse
🇨🇴 LOST CITY, COLOMBIA (CIUDAD PERDIDA)
Hidden deep in the jungle of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta mountains in Colombia sits Ciudad Perdida, the "Lost City." Built by the Tairona people more than 1,000 years ago, the archaeological site only became an attraction after it was uncovered in the 1970s.
Los Sepúlveda was a small family of looters in Colombia; their story leads to the beginning of one of the greatest archaeological discoveries in modern times. The family went hunting in the forests of Colombia when they shot down a wild turkey. Upon retrieving the turkey, they noticed it had fallen on a piece of an exposed staircase. This staircase would lead them to find La Ciudad Perdida. For years after its discovery by the looters, "Treasures from the site, including gold figures and ceramics, soon began to appear on the black market".
Although La Ciudad Perdida is one of the most impressive sites, it's not alone, only about 30-40% of the sites in the Sierra Nevada region have actually been explored. Thanks to recent widespread lidar access, more and more of these sites are being discovered, and the search for new lost cities has just begun
Ciudad Perdida consists of a series of 169 terraces carved into the mountainside, a net of tiled roads and several small circular plazas.
Ciudad Perdida was probably the region's political and manufacturing center on the Buritaca River and may have housed 2,000–8,000 people.
Named Teyuna by the Tairona but dubbed Ciudad Perdida upon rediscovery, the ancient wonder is perched on hillsides and tucked into a dense rainforest.
Dressed in all white, a color the Wiwa revere as holy.
The Wiwa people are descendants of the Tairona who have been left undisturbed for centuries. They have a deep spiritual connection with the land – have stated that they visited the site regularly before it was widely reported, but had kept quiet about it. They call the city Teyuna and believe it was the heart of a network of villages inhabited by their forebears, the Tairona
The importance of the Poporo (Danburro)
When the coca leaf is chewed by itself, however, not all of its ingredients are released. The adults, therefore, always carry another very important and sacred object: the Poporo (also called a Danburro)
This device made from a gourd that holds powdered lime from seashells, which when mixed with the coca leaves creates a mild stimulant effect.
In the Wiwa community, a boy receives his poporo as a rite of passage into manhood.
1,200 stone steps built by the Tairona.
Map of the multiday day trek to Ciudad Perdida, Colombia
Juan from SY Ay Caramaba ! PP2019-2020 in the – Lost City / Ciudad Perdida
IGY Marina Santa Marta sponsors the Panama Posse – stay here for your Lost City trek

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Chrome extension not turning off I am currently creating a chrome extension that redirect users and add paramaters if someone enter a specific url in chrome.
Everything is working as expected, except that the extension is still doing the redirect once its off (when toggling off through the icon).
What is wrong with my code ?
Manifest.json
{
  "name": "Country Switcher",
  "description": "Redirect Google to a different host",
  "version": "1.0",
  "manifest_version": 2,
  "browser_action": {
      "default_icon": "off.png",
      "default_title": "icon"
    },
  "background": {"scripts":["background.js"]},
  "permissions": [
    "webRequest",
    "*://*/*",
    "webRequestBlocking"
  ]
}

background.js
var host_fr = "https://www.google.fr";
var param_fr = "";
var toggle = false;

chrome.browserAction.onClicked.addListener(function(tab) {
  toggle = !toggle;
  if(toggle){
    chrome.browserAction.setIcon({path: "on.png"});
    chrome.webRequest.onBeforeRequest.addListener(
    function redirect(details) {
         return {redirectUrl: host_fr + details.url.match(/^https?:\/\/[^\/]+([\S\s]*)/)[1] + param_fr};
    },
    {
        urls: [
            "*://www.google.com/*",
        ],
        types: ["main_frame", "sub_frame", "stylesheet", "script", "image", "object", "xmlhttprequest", "other"]
    },
    ["blocking"]
    );
}
  else{
    chrome.browserAction.setIcon({path: "off.png"});
  }
});

THank you very much
PS : I am a beginner...

A: You are adding a listener, and doing nothing to remove it.
Two possible paths here:

*

*Remove the listener in onClicked handler when toggle === false:
function handler(details) { // Must be non-anonymous
  return {redirectUrl: host_fr + details.url.match(/^https?:\/\/[^\/]+([\S\s]*)/)[1] + param_fr};
}

chrome.browserAction.onClicked.addListener(function(tab) {
  toggle = !toggle;
  if(toggle){
    chrome.browserAction.setIcon({path: "on.png"});
    chrome.webRequest.onBeforeRequest.addListener(
      handler, /* your other parameters */
    );
  }
  else{
    chrome.browserAction.setIcon({path: "off.png"});
    chrome.webRequest.onBeforeRequest.removeListener(handler);
  }
});

I am not 100% sure how removeListener works with webRequest, considering the complex addListener, but that's the theory

*Modify the listener (and only add it once!) to take toggle into account:
function handler(details) {
  if (toggle) {
    return {redirectUrl: host_fr + details.url.match(/^https?:\/\/[^\/]+([\S\s]*)/)[1] + param_fr};
  } else {
    return {}; // do nothing
  }
}

// Do this at the top level
chrome.webRequest.onBeforeRequest.addListener(
  handler, /* your other parameters */
);

chrome.browserAction.onClicked.addListener(function(tab) {
  toggle = !toggle;
  if (toggle) {
    chrome.browserAction.setIcon({path: "on.png"});
  } else {
    chrome.browserAction.setIcon({path: "off.png"});
  }
});

This method is much easier.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


After Oracle 11g very good experience with installing on Ubuntu I had high hopes for 12C also. They crumbled down quite fast. This is the summary of almost 2 days lost trying to install oracle on Ubuntu with the ups and downs.
First the conclusion: my personal conclusion is that oracle 12c does not work, with an acceptable amount of effort, on Ubuntu 14.04. It should be possible to install it following a guide but it's by no means comparable to an 11g install. Most of the errors are in the linking phase where you have to manually edit the makefiles to add various missing (not found in current config) libraries. Finally I managed to install oracle 12C using a docker container using this guide but this is also not without problems.
After trying for some time to install on my ubuntu desktop directly I quickly realized I will sooner or later destroy my install by tinkering with ldd paths and libraries. If you are brave, and have a lot of time, you can probably follow the guide I referenced above with contained most of the problems I also encountered. The others are deductible.
2. and 3. The step1 does work since aufs conflicts with systemd from oracle linux. The solution is to use the devicemapper backend. This provides a default 10G space which is not easy to resize. There is an option but this only applies before the image is pulled from the repository. These problems are described also here if you are smart enough (not me) to look.
This will use the devicemapper and set a 30G image basesize.
Exception String: Error in invoking target 'irman ioracle' of makefile '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk'. See '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-05-01_10-45-50AM.log' for details.
and did not found a solution for it.
After this the install of the database works fine, including the linking part.
Secondly the dmca also fails with a perl error but upon investigation I found that this is a core dumped !!


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You are here: Home / TV News from STUDIO BRIEFING / "DANCING" STOMPS ON RIVALS' FEET
"DANCING" STOMPS ON RIVALS' FEET
ABC's Dancing with the Stars once again trounced every other show on Monday night as a 90-minute performance edition attracted 18.80 million viewers. The show increased viewers in every half hour, capturing 17.22 million viewers in the 8:00 p.m. half hour; 18.99 million in the 8:30 half hour; and capping the evening with 20.20 million in the final half hour. But viewers abandoned the network in droves once Dancing danced off. Romantically Challenged, which followed Dancing, dropped 57 percent to 8.69 million viewers. Meanwhile, CBS's comedy shows, particularly between 8:00 p.m. and 9:00 p.m., showed significant ratings erosion of their own. How I Met Your Mother and Rules of Engagement averaged just 7.67 million viewers, down from 8.17 million a week ago. Two and a Half Men attracted 13.17 million at 9:00 p.m., down from 13.75 million last week. But The Big Bang Theory, which followed, rose to 14.75 million from 13.58 million last week. Most worrisome for the network may have been the continued decline of CSI: Miami at 10:00 p.m., which drew 10.56 million viewers, down from the previous week's 11.10 million. The procedural drama has been shedding viewers almost on a weekly basis.
Filed under TV News from STUDIO BRIEFING · Tagged with CSI: Miami, Dancing with the Stars, Romantically Challenged, Rules of Engagement, The Big Bang Theory, Two and a Half Men


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Haryana Rivers Profile: (Part-II – Ganga Basin)
Dams · Ganga
November 25, 2016 November 25, 2016 SANDRP
Yamuna Basin: River Yamuna[1] accounts for 7.10 % of the total geographical area of the country. The Haryana state forms 6.5%[2] of the river basin. It drains an area of 366,223 square km in the Gangetic plain and constitutes 40.2% of Ganga Basin. The river annually carries 10,000 cubic billon meters (CBM) of water of with 4400 cbm is used for irrigation. Yamuna river basin forms the upper sub-basin of Ganga river[3] the total area of which is 35798.19 square km comprising of 47 water sheds.
Yamuna river originates from Bandar Punch glacier in Uttarkashi district of Uttarakand. The river flows through about 200 kilometers before reaching Haryana State at Shivalik Hills in Yamuna Nagar district. In the same district the river is trapped in Hathini Kund Barrage located in Kalesar National Park.
Out of its 1376 km length 300 km falls in six districts in Haryana which are as Yamuna Nagar, Karnal, Panipat, Sonipat forming about 200 km river length upstream Delhi and Faridabad, Palval districts constituting remaining about 100 km.
Religious Significance:- Religiously Yamuna river is believed to be daughter of Sun God and sister of Yama the God of death. The Yamuna river finds its mentions in several holy books including the Rig Veda. Scriptures while held the Ganges an epitome of asceticism and higher knowledge, they define as holder of infinite love and compassion. Every year on the sixth day of summer Navratra, the birthday of Yamuna is celebrated as Yamuna Jayanti[4]. The festival of Bhaiya Dooj is also devoted to the love of Yamraj and Yamuna River.
Source: IWRIS
There are several sites of great religious and spiritual significance along river Yamuna in Haryana. Most of them are linked to Saraswati river and Mahabharata era like Adi Badri, Kuruskhetra. However Panipat, Sonipat, Tilpat are believed to three villages out of five demanded by Pandavs and all these are located on the western bank of River Yamuna including the Indrapratha a new city formed by Pandavs in Delhi.
There are also several ghats located along Yamuna river in Haryana where people from faraway places pay a visit during religious occasion to have a holy dip. Mass bathing events on occasion of Makar Shankranti, Somvati Amavasya, Ganga Dashara are held in Yamuna particularly at Panipat & Sonipat. Besides this hundreds of devotees on monthly basis visit these ghats to take dip in Yamuna River on occasion of full moon (Purnima), no-moon (Amavasya) and during Sunday and Saturday to get rid of sins and worldly woes. But often they find either no water or polluted water in the river.
Historical Importance : The Buria[5] is an ancient town located close to River Yamuna in Yamuna Nagar district. It is closely associated with Mughal rulers. A chief courtier of Emperor Shah Jahan built a pleasure house at Buria, popularly known as Rang Mahal. Birbal, one of the close aides of Emperor Akbar was supposedly born at Buria. The presence of Birbal Dwar (Birbal Gate[6]) in the town also indicates that the town was once governed by Birbal.
According to various theories, the Yamuna in distant past was a tributary of the Ghaggar River and due to some big tectonic events its course was changed eastward thus it became a tributary of the Ganges.
Environmental Flow: Much of water of the river is diverted into Western Yamuna Canal and Eastern Yamuna Canal from the barrage. As a result the river has become seasonal downstream the barrage and remains dry for most part of year. The chart below shows how over the last few decades extraction of Yamuna water has increased and simultaneously flow in the main river has gone down[7]. Downstream Okhala barrage at Delhi Haryana border, the river flows in highly polluted state all through Faridabad district.
SPWD-Peace Institute Study (2010) Cover Page cover page showing a dry Yamuna bed in Sonipat and Western Yamuna Canal full with water at Karnal
Between Hathini Kund Barrage and Wazirabad Barrage Delhi, River Yamuna has turned seasonal flowing for few months in a year. Lack of flow in river has severely impacted the river, including the variety of aquatic life. However few fishermen obtain fishing permit from Haryana Fisheries Board and report recurring annual losses due to non availability of waters in the river. The water intensive and chemical farming in the catchment area is also negatively impacting the river.
Hathini Kund Barrage has turned perennial Yamuna in a season river ( Image Dainik Baskar Dec. 2012)
In addition to meet increased industrial and irrigational water need, it is also learnt that water is augmented in from Hathini Kund Barrage to run about half a dozen hydro power projects built on Western Yamuna Canal and Augmentation canal. It is also worth to mention that hydro power potential in Haryana is low and projects on age old irrigational canal has been ineffective in producing proposed amount of power. Apart from this, using irrigational canal for generation of hydro electricity is further stressing the already weakened canals which as a result there is increase in canal breach events which has been causing damages[8] to local villagers by flooding cropland during avoidable breaches.
Pollution: On daily basis voluminous amount of untreated industrial effluents and sewage is disposed relentlessly[9] in Yamuna River via via Dhanaura Escape (, Yamuna Nagar, Karnal), Drain Number 2 (Panipat), Drain Number 6 (Sonipat), Najafgarh Drain (Gurugram) and Buria Drain ( Faridabad) in turn.
The industrial effluents have endangered[10] the lives of thousands of villagers located along Dhanaura escape in Karnal and Yamuna Nagar. The chemical content in the water has also affected the quality of groundwater which in turn has been reportedly damaging the soil fertility thus the crop production. Villagers feel that its industries which is making profit at the cost of their health. Many people in these villages were suffering from skin problems due to ground water contamination. Villagers have taken up the issue before district administration many a times but it has of no use.
Similarly the unchecked pollution from Drain Number 2 in Panipat has also played havoc with the everyday lives of hundreds of villagers settled along the drain. The roundwater along the drains has been contaminated. Farmers report frequently of crops damage. Villagers suffer[11] of numbers of diseases due ground water contamination. Downstream Delhi, the pollution situation becomes worse as the river continues to receive loads of pollution from National Capital Regions including the Capital. The pollution has been severely affecting livelihood of villagers. The social life and physical health of villagers has also been affected in multiple ways. In fact villagers have feeling that it's a curse to live by polluted Yamuna.
Sand Mining: Illegal and unscientific sand mining is happing in all districts of Haryana along River Yamuna. Supreme Court and National Green Tribunal taking objection[12] to unregulated mining have imposed a ban[13] on it but to no avail. In 2010 unsustainable sand mining led to damage of famous Tajewala Barrage. It has also caused fall in ground water table apart from hampering of recharge of shallow aquifers which feed the river during lean season. Continued sand mining has also posed threats to new Hathini Kund Barrage[14].
Dainik Bhaskar Oct 2016
The river banks have also become unstable resulting in flood water frequently invading adjoining farmlands during monsoon. Remaining aquatic life and river ecology have suffered tremendously due to ongoing sand mining. Mining mafias are also often reported of blocking river channels[15] by laying down bridges inside riverbed.
Floods & Floodplains: Floods have been a recurring phenomenon in Yamuna River. The 1977, 1978, 1980, 1983, 1988, 1993 and 1995, 1996 were flood years in the State which were mainly caused by Yamuna. The floods of 2010 & 2013 were latest in the series. Villagers along river Yamuna mentions of 1978, 1988, 2010 & 2013 floods as biggest floods in their memory. The 2010 floods razed down Taje Wala barrage[16] built by Britishers. Since there were no embankments the flood spread of 1978 was upto 10 km in Haryana side.
The situation of Yamuna floodplains is worrisome in Haryana. In districts upstream of Delhi floodplains are extensively under pressure due to intensive farming. Downstream Delhi Yamuna floodplains are being rapidly converted into real estate. On 20 Oct 2016 Uttar Pradesh government has informed the Green Tribunal that large scale encroachment of Yamuna floodplains[17] has taken place in National Capital Region.
The Uttar Pradesh State Pollution Control Board (UPSPCB) further told the green panel that floodplains have been encroached upon in Delhi, Noida and Greater Noida to build apartments and housing societies. The UPPCB alleged that these buildings released tonnes of solid waste and untreated water, which went directly into the rivers causing pollution, and said those living in them should be directed to have their own sewage treatment plants (STPs).
Source Punjab Kesari 2013
Tributaries: Only three tributaries Somb, Thapana and Sahibi join the Yamuna River in a length of about 300 km. Somb river rising from Shivalik hills in Yamuna Nagar is a seasonal stream. Downstream Dadupur barrage Yamuna Nagar the river functions as an escape channel. Thapana though a very small stream, mostly flows round the river feeding the Yamuna river in Yamuna Nagar district. Both streams in turn joins the Yamuna river at Kanalsi Yamuna Nagar.
Sahibi River: The Sahibi[18] a rain-fed river originates from Aravalli Range in Sikar district of Rajasthan state. After covering about 157 km distance in the Rajasthan. It leaves Rajasthan state beyond Kotkasim in Alwar district near village Ujauli and covers a total distance of about 222 km up to Dhasa Bund. The main tributaries of Sabi are Sota river, Kotkasim drain and Indori river (Indori Nallah).
It enters Haryana state at Jhabua, near the city of Rewari in Rewari district, after which it re-enters first Rajasthan state near Kotkasim, and then Haryana again near the village of Jarthal. The dry riverbed near Jarthal is 2 kilometres wide. During light monsoon rainfall, the river's flat and sandy bottom absorbs all rainwater. During heavy rains, the river has defined course up to Pataudi railway station and branches off into two smaller streams to Jhajjar, finally reaching the outskirts of Delhi through Najafgarh drain and ending at the Yamuna River.
The catchment area of the Sahibi River encompasses the following cities and towns: Sikar, Jaipur, and Alwar in northeastern Rajasthan state; Bawal, Rewari, Pataudi, and Jhajjar district in southern Haryana state; and Delhi state.
Historical Significance: Harrapan period earthenware (Pottery) has been found on the Sahibi riverbed by INTACH-Rewari, at Hansaka village, Rewari District in 2012. A red stone statute of Vamana Dev, now displayed at the Shri Krishna Museum, Kurukshetra was unearthed in 2002 on the Sahibi riverbed near Bawal. In various other places on Sahibi riverbed, many artifacts have been found, including arrowheads, fishhooks, spearheads, awls, and chisels. The Najafgarh Drain gets its name from the once famous and huge Najafgarh Lake near the town of Najafgarh in southwest Delhi.
Source Google
The Sahibi River flooded severely in 1977. In response, the Masani barrage dam was constructed. Several smaller dams have also been constructed in its basin throughout the hills of Rajasthan to store rainwater. The construction of dams has restricted the flow of water on the Sahibi River as a result the river hardly flows even with run off during monsoon. Most of the course of Sahibi river has been channelised for flood control purposes in Delhi and Haryana.
Conservation efforts: Peace Institute Charitable Trust in past has done remarkable work for generating awareness among masses towards degrading condition of Yamuna River. Yamuna Sewa Samiti, Kanalsi a village level organization formed by Peace Institute has been doing appreciable work for conserving Yamuna River in Yamuna Nagar district.
Source: Dainik Jagran 2014
Few individuals and groups in Yamuna Nagar and Panipat are raising the issue of Yamuna pollution for past many years. Aditya Jain a retired Coal India official has been working as vigilant against dumping of waste in water streams particularly Western Yamuna Canal in Yamuna Nagar. One more press reporter Manoj Thakur in Yamuna Nagar officially and personally involved in several issues causing damage to Yamuna Rive. Janak Rawal at Panipat with his groups often organizes awareness campaigns against dry and polluted Yamuna. Gandhi Ashram, Patti Kalyana, Smallkha at Panipat few years back initiated a public movement against rampant sand mining in Panipat and Sonipat region.
In present scenario, when the prime stakeholder Haryana Government like other States is primarily bothered about meeting its ever increasing water demands through already stressed aquifers and wrenched out rivers. Once water is diverted for irrigations, rivers are left at the mercy of sand miners. Final nail in the coffin is put by discharge of voluminous industrial and domestic waste water dumped in the river via Dhanaura Escape Karnal, Drain Number 2 Panipat and Drain Number 6 Sonipat. As a result irreversible damage is being done on physical and biological properties of the river resulting in an ecologically dead Yamuna in Haryana.
Haryana Rivers Health Assessment: After examining various aspects of all the rivers flowing in and through Haryana State, their health can be assessed using a colour chart against key parameters.
Table:1 Haryana Rivers Health Assessment
SN Rivers in Ganga and Indus Basin Flow Riparian
Biodiversity Water Quality
Including ground water in shallow aquifers Human made structures/ interventions(dams/barrage/sand mining) Meeting Cultural and recreational
Needs Floods Status
1 Ghaggar Indus Basin Red Red Red Red Red Yellow RED
2 Kaushalya Red Red Red Red Red Yellow RED
3 Markanda Red Red Red Red Red Yellow RED
4 Tangri Red Red Red Red Red Yellow RED
5 Saraswati Red Red Red Red Red Yellow RED
6 Choutang Red Red Red Red Red Red RED
7 Dohan Red Red Red Red Red Red RED
8 Krishanvati Red Red Red Red Red Red RED
9 Yamuna GangaBasin Red Red Red Red Yellow Yellow RED
10 Somb Red Red Red Red Yellow Red RED
11 Thapana Blue Blue Blue Yellow Blue Blue BLUE
12 Sahibi Red Yellow Red Red Red Red RED
* Red colour means near extinction, Yellow colour means in alarming dying) state while Blue colour represents the healthy rivers.
Based on this exercise, Thapana, a small (15 km) tributary of river Yamuna in Yamunanagar district is perhaps the only BLUE river in the state since it has no anicuts or barrage on it or any major source of pollution. The only threat is non point agricultural runoff. Local people have taken upon themselves to protect it. All the rest rivers in the state fall under the RED category on account of high diversion, almost complete non monsoon dessication and high to very high levels of industrial pollution.
Google Earth Map edited and information compiled by
Bhim Singh Rawat (we4earth@gmail.com)
End Notes:-
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna
[2] https://sandrp.wordpress.com/2015/11/27/yamuna-river-story/
[3] http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/Publications/BasinReports/Ganga%20Basin.pdf
[4] https://sandrp.wordpress.com/2016/04/11/yamuna-jayanti-on-a-unforgetable-river-journey-through-pictures/
[5] http://haryanatourism.gov.in/showpage.aspx?contentid=5770
[6] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buria
[7] http://www.indiawaterportal.org/sites/indiawaterportal.org/files/On%20The%20Brink_Water%20Governance_Yamuna%20River%20Basin_Haryana_PEACE_SPWD_2010.pdf
[8] https://sandrp.wordpress.com/2015/04/17/yamuna-augmentation-canal-breach-man-made-disaster/
[9] http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/y-nagar-jagadhri-effluents-harm-27-karnal-villages/49260.html
[10] https://sandrp.wordpress.com/2015/04/13/blow-by-blow-how-pollution-kills-the-yamuna-river-a-field-trip-report/
[11] https://sandrp.wordpress.com/2016/05/03/shimla-gujran-in-yamuna-baisn-journey-from-a-flourishing-village-to-a-living-hell/
[12] http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/national-green-tribunal-bans-yamuna-sand-mining/
[13] http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/community/ngt-lifts-ban-on-mining-in-yamunanagar/245509.html
[14]https://sandrp.wordpress.com/2016/03/02/unabated-riverbed-mining-in-saharanpur-up-puts-delhis-water-supply-under-threat/comment-page-1/
[15] http://www.hindustantimes.com/noida/sand-mafia-builds-bridge-on-yamuna-as-link-to-faridabad/story-yuubRTDAhdhpc8wUgvAnWM.html
[16] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajewala_Barrage
[17] http://www.asianage.com/delhi/floodplains-being-encroached-delhi-ncr-board-379
[18] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahibi_River
Buria floods Ganga Basin Najafgarh Drain NGT Panipat Pollution Rivers of Haryana Sahibi Sand Mining Somb Sonipat Thapana Yamuna
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Are Emergency Powers Being Abused During the Coronavirus Pandemic? We Asked Experts About 5 Countries
April 7, 2020 Topic: Politics Region: World Blog Brand: The Buzz Tags: CoronavirusCOVID-19PandemicEmergency PowersDemocracy
Is democracy in trouble?
by Ramya Vijaya Anthony Bebbington Austin Sarat Chipo Dendere Gisselle Vila Benites John Shattuck Paul Friesen
Editor's note: Emergencies like the coronavirus pandemic set the conditions for political leaders to use expansive powers. They are, as a result, a test of the government's commitment to human rights and civil liberties.
Most of the travel bans, stay-at-home orders and business closures taking effect worldwide follow health experts' advice on curbing the spread of this highly infectious disease. But other restrictions governments say are meant to protect people seem designed to curtail human rights, suppress dissent and consolidate authoritarian power.
We asked political scientists for a non-exhaustive list of where they're watching the state of democracy.
John Shattuck, Tufts University
The global pandemic claimed its first democracy on March 30 when Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban won approval from his parliament to rule Hungary indefinitely by decree, bypassing lawmakers.
Orban's new powers give him unlimited authority to fight the coronavirus by suspending parliament and all future elections, overriding the Hungarian constitution and imprisoning people for the new crimes of "violating a quarantine" and "spreading false information."
Orban has been working toward authoritarianism for a decade. Soon after coming to power in 2010, he announced that Hungary would become something unheard of: an "illiberal democracy." He has since used his leadership to undermine democratic institutions, including the media, the judiciary and civil society.
To mobilize support for this agenda, Orban has skillfully presented himself as the protector of Hungarians from real and exaggerated external threats. Today's public health crisis is very real – but Orban is using coronavirus to suspend democracy in ways that will outlast the current emergency.
Ramya Vijaya, Stockton University
For two months before the coronavirus outbreak, India had seen sustained nationwide protests against the efforts by the Hindu Nationalist ruling party to marginalize religious minorities. These included an iconic peaceful sit-in spearheaded largely by Muslim women in the Shaheen Bagh section of Delhi.
On March 23 the Shaheen Bagh sit-in was cleared by police – part of India's national COVID-19 lockdown.
Some Indians are nervous that Indian police will enforce the shelter-in-place rule. In February, officers used brutal force against anti-government demonstrators and turned a blind eye to – and in some cases seemingly abetted – a wave of mob violence that terrorized Muslim neighborhoods in Delhi.
More law enforcement on the streets during the coronavirus shutdown leaves many minority communities in India feeling less safe, not more.
India is continuing to harass and arrest its most vocal critics, raising fears that the government will use the pandemic chaos to suppress protests and civil society activism in the foreseeable future.
3. Zimbabwe
Paul Friesen, University of Notre Dame, and Chipo Dendere, Wellesley University
While reported cases of coronavirus are not yet significant in Africa, the pandemic is already emboldening several governments on the continent to flex their state powers in the name of protecting citizens.
Zimbabwe's authoritarian-leaning government already inspired fear and distrust among citizens. Then, on March 30, President Emmerson Mnangagwa, who came to power after the removal of Robert Mugabe in 2017, issued a sudden and strict 21-day lockdown, clamping down on nearly all movement and activities.
The total shutdown comes with no government bailout, and Zimbabwe is already in economic crisis.
Fear of government forces has so far proven effective in motivating most of Zimbabwe's 15 million people to stay at home. But inevitably, many people will have to violate the lockdown to get food, water and other basics goods that are hard to access even in normal times.
Mnangagwa recently ousted Zimbabwe's health minister as COVID-19 czar and appointed his military hardliner vice president to manage the pandemic response. That was a signal about the potential for use of force. With Zimbabwe forcing citizens to choose between eating and facing the wrath of the military, there could be a flare-up of violence.
4. Peru
Anthony Bebbington, Clark University, and Gisselle Vila Benites, University of Melbourne
Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra's rapid response to COVID-19 – which includes a $26 billion stimulus package to aid both businesses and families passed shortly after a March 15 state of emergency decree – has been praised domestically and internationally for its sensitivity to the social and economic impacts of the pandemic.
Vizcarra is unlikely to use coronavirus to consolidate authoritarian power, but Peru's history of impunity during previous states of emergency raises other concerns.
Civil society, human rights groups, journalists and even the Justice Ministry have flagged, for example, the risks of a new "police protection" law passed by the president of the Congress, Manuel Merino. It exempts officers and soldiers from criminal responsibility for any death or injury caused during the state of emergency.
Peru's government also has a track record of using emergency powers to protect its mining industry against protests. Mined silver, gold, copper, zinc and other precious metals account for 12% of Peru's gross domestic product, though many local people and environmental groups oppose these massive projects.
The possibility that the COVID-19 state of emergency could be abused by Peruvian police and mining elites to repress civil liberties merits monitoring.
Austin Sarat, Amherst College
While the American Constitution says nothing about emergency powers, Congress has historically authorized executive action in response to financial, national security and health crises. These disaster-time measures, once passed, are seldom curtailed when these crises end.
As a result, President Donald Trump can now use 136 different statutory powers to deal with coronavirus. They include directing private companies to produce surgical equipment, taking "measures to prevent the entry and spread of communicable diseases from foreign countries … and between states," physically confining the ill and shutting down or taking control of communications centers.
Civil liberties groups like the American Civil Liberties Union and Southern Poverty Law Center have flagged certain uses of these powers, criticizing Trump for, among other things, imposing international travel bans and banning asylum-seekers.
They say the president is abusing the coronavirus crisis to stoke xenophobia and hostility against immigrants. As evidence, critics point to Trump's insistence on calling COVID-19 the "Chinese virus."
Emergency powers can be dangerous. They are, as the U.S. Supreme Court Justice Robert Jackson once noted, "a loaded weapon, ready for the hand of any authority that can bring forward a plausible claim of an urgent need."
[You're too busy to read everything. We get it. That's why we've got a weekly newsletter. Sign up for good Sunday reading. ]
Ramya Vijaya, Professor of Economics, Stockton University; Anthony Bebbington, Milton P. and Alice C. Higgins Professor of Environment and Society, Professor of Geography, Clark University; Austin Sarat, Professor of Jurisprudence and Political Science, Amherst College; Chipo Dendere, Assistant Professor, Africana Studies, Wellesley College; Gisselle Vila Benites, PhD Candidate in Geography, University of Melbourne; John Shattuck, Professor of Practice in Diplomacy, Tufts University, and Paul Friesen, PhD Candidate in Political Science, University of Notre Dame


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University of Notre Dame Stories
Resurrecting Irish Monks
Reclaiming the Faith
The Inspiration Place
Notre Dame archaeologists trace the history of island Catholicism
Ryan Lash first visited the wind-swept islands off the west coast of Ireland in 2007 as a freshman at Notre Dame with scant knowledge of the place or his purpose there.
Every year since, the siren call of these islands pulls Lash back, laying out a quest to resurrect the history of medieval monks who built monasteries on rocky outcrops in the wild Atlantic on the western edge of Europe. He now has his doctorate in the subject and is preparing a book, "Faith Along the Water," written during a postdoctoral year with his mentor, anthropologist Ian Kuijt.
Ryan Lash first visited the islands off the west coast of Ireland in 2007 as a freshman at Notre Dame. He now has his doctorate and recently submitted a book written during a postdoctoral year with his mentor, anthropologist Ian Kuijt.
In some ways, Lash's magnetic interest in a place and a people is not unlike that of the God-seeking monks and pilgrims who sparked his academic journey.
"My dissertation goes from the medieval period all the way to the present day, and it explores how the monuments of early monasticism have factored into life across time," Lash says. "How they became places of pilgrimage that 19th-century islanders engaged with as sources of spiritual well-being. And today, how heritage tourism represents an essential part of the market here."
"There's this kind of bond between islanders and habitual visitors that keeps this place going. To me, the most fascinating part is the resonances through time."
What draws Lash and Kuijt back — besides the stunning collision of ocean and emerald isles, and beyond the lively islanders who have become their friends over a dozen years — is the excavation of a more nuanced view of the history of early Catholicism. The archaeological digs and story collection of the project called Cultural Landscapes of the Irish Coast have revealed the origins of the monastic sites and their continued use as sacred spaces over thousands of years.
What draws Lash and Kuijt back to Ireland's western islands — besides the stunning collision of ocean and emerald isles, and beyond the lively islanders who have become their friends over a dozen years — is the excavation of a more nuanced view of the history of early Catholicism.
And the emerging history has challenged a common misconception of the early Irish Church.
"We need to move beyond this simple narrative of St. Patrick coming in and, pow, Christianity everywhere," Kuijt says. "Change is not that rapid and not that universal. Instead there were these small monasteries being founded, co-existing with pagan religions.
"It's really important because it helps us understand how spirituality changes and how information is passed along. If we don't explore these things, it's just a bunch or rocks or a pretty building. But there are rich human narratives associated with these places."
Medieval conflict
How the monks arrived on the island of Inishbofin, a tourist destination today, is indeed quite a tale, one backed by historical records and earlier research. What Kuijt and Lash have done is expand the origin story to include nearby islands such as Inishark, abandoned in 1960, and High Island, now just ancient ruins.
"It's really important because it helps us understand how spirituality changes and how information is passed along."
The story that St. Patrick converted all of Ireland in the fifth century is nearly as fanciful as the myth that he banished snakes from the island. But there was a strong Christian presence in Ireland by the seventh century, when the fall of Roman settlements and Anglo-Saxon invasions re-paganized most of England.
Another patron saint of Ireland, St. Columba, brought Christianity back to northern Britain as a missionary to the Scottish island of Iona. A similar effort began in the south of England, led by Roman missionaries sent by the pope. The two versions of Christianity in England disagreed on how to calculate the date of Easter, which came to a head in the Northumbrian royal court when a king devoted to the Columban tradition was scheduled to be feasting for Easter while his queen, a follower of the Roman calendar, would be fasting for Palm Sunday.
Boats anchor in the harbor of the island of Inishbofin, a tourist destination today. The contrast of old and new in a stunning setting defines island life.
The theological questions of this calendar controversy were common in the early Church, but Lash says the underlying issue concerned the source of ultimate authority in Christendom. So at the Synod of Whitby in 664, Bishop Wilfrid argued for his version by citing Roman authority, and St. Colmán argued for the Columban tradition.
After the Northumbrian king ruled in Rome's favor, Lash notes that the Anglo-Saxon historian named Bede mentions Inishbofin in the first historical record of the island.
"Bede wrote that St. Colmán, having lost, decides to bring his community of English and Irish brothers to the west of Ireland, where he's from, to found a new monastery in the Columban tradition on Inishbofin," Lash says. "You can still see fragments of this early monastery, which became a place of worship where generations of islanders prayed and were buried."
Self-imposed exile
This context helps answer one of the most basic questions of island life: Why would anyone choose to cross a raging sea in tiny boats to inhabit remote and inhospitable rocky outcroppings?
"There's an amazing stratigraphy of artifacts from different eras stacking up, and you can trace it all the way back to the medieval period."
"These guys are modeling themselves on people like St. Anthony, who went into the desert to reject what we think of as all the good things in life," Lash says. "To withdraw from all that and live an ascetic existence, that brings you closer to God through penance."
With no desert nearby, Lash says, yielding oneself to the divine presence of the Irish ocean makes perfect sense. But with no other written records, there were more stories than evidence to prove that the monks also spread at this time to nearby islands.
Kuijt's excavations of the stone hut Clochán Leo on the island of Inishark over several years provided solid proof for the first time that the monks established a presence there in the same period. The work started when Lash was an undergrad, and he led the last phase as a Northwestern graduate student two years ago. The dig unearthed medieval cross slabs and, at the bottom layer, a compacted surface with charcoal that was radiocarbon-dated to the seventh century.
Inishark residents who resettled the island in the 17th Century continued a tradition of pilgrimages to the monastic sites that date back to around A.D. 1000.
"There's an amazing stratigraphy of artifacts from different eras stacking up, and you can trace it all the way back to the medieval period," Lash says. "So that's the project, basically, to trace the whole history of that monastic settlement, and then to question how the practices, organization and logistics of ritual change over time in relation to the local economy on the island."
Sometime around A.D. 1000, the small monastic settlements began to develop over the next 200 years into large pilgrimage sites. Pilgrims to the sites left smooth white quartz pebbles, symbolizing purity and the ocean's divine power. While it's not clear whether the pilgrims were local or visiting, islanders still place the pebbles on relatives' gravesites.
Ian Kuijt walks through a cemetery on Inishark Island in 2012.
Pilgrims to the monastic sites left white quartz pebbles, a tradition that islanders continue at relatives' gravesites.
"What's fascinating is this ideological flip in the 11th, 12th century, where you get these massive settlements, these large cathedrals and communities that are economic engines," Kuijt says. "Before that, it was much smaller in scale. You don't get a sense of this institution so much as the conviction and faith of individuals."
Over the last five years, Kuijt and Lash have expanded from Inishark to nearby islands to find evidence of other monastic settlements. They have used quadcopter drones to take thousands of high-angle pictures that can be stitched together to create precise topographical maps that reveal previously unknown ancient sites. This new-age research has shown that the early monks set up devotional sites on even the smallest islands, possibly as pilgrimage sites of their own.
Tourist economy
Most of the houses crumbling into disrepair today on Inishark date back to the modern era of the island that began in the 17th century. More than a millennium of human habitation on the island came to an end on a single day in 1960 when the remaining two dozen residents moved to the mainland. The island had no running water, electricity or telephones, and the government refused to build a better harbor so residents wouldn't be stranded during high winds.
But former residents still speak with reverence of life on the island. Theresa Lacey recalled summer bonfires on the hill, celebrating St. John's Night until the sun rose over the Atlantic.
"This is a means of recovering the voices of people in the past," Kuijt says. "We have the buildings but we don't understand these people, their rationale."
Lash studied the rituals of St. Leo's Day, when the islanders took a break from fishing and growing potatoes to worship in a stay-at-home pilgrimage with 14 stations.
"You do no work that day," Lash says. "You put on your Sunday best and visit the different monuments. You're navigating the village in a different way, activating these memories and associations that might not be as relevant day to day. And you're doing this in family groups as part of a community-wide tradition."
He points to a large rock with a circular depression on top that has collected water. It is a bullaun stone, a common feature of Irish monastic sites, which are often explained as impressions left by the body of a saint. This one is associated with St. Leo, Lash says, and the water collected there was supposed to be a good cure for warts.
A bullaun stone with a circular depression on top is a common feature of Irish monastic sites, which are often explained as impressions left by the body of a saint.
Clochán Leo is a beehive hut similar to the place Luke Skywalker lives in exile in a recent Star Wars movie, which was filmed on Skellig Michael to the south.
Lash crouches inside the site of the ancient monastery, explaining evidence that it was a pilgrimage site. He points out crosses incised into the stones at different layers. The crosses are not distinct enough to date, but he wonders if pilgrims etched them in different eras as a kind of devotional graffiti.
Lash crouches inside Clochán Leo, an ancient beehive hut on Inishark, and points out crosses incised into the stones at different layers.
"People are coming back and they leave some part of themselves," he says. "Over time the clochán starts to collapse, so there's this conflict between loss and commemoration, the clochán falling to ruin, but people still returning to see the traces of where their ancestors had been."
While today's tourists may seek solace instead of religion, the island of Inishbofin still depends on the annual return of habitual visitors. Lash is one of a half-dozen of Kuijt's former students among those visitors, continuing their research on the project or in the region. Lash has largely taken over the medieval aspects of the project while Kuijt has recently focused on a series of short films with Bill Donaruma.
"One of the coolest parts of this project is the number of undergrads who have continued on into the profession and have continued to go back to those islands," Kuijt says. "In Ryan's case, it's been really neat because it's something very personal for him. This is not antiseptic research, lab science. This is a commitment to a place, to a people. We go back for funerals and christenings. These people are our friends."
Notre Dame's wide-ranging Irish studies programming to expand
View More Notre Dame Stories angle right
Produced by the Office of Public Affairs and Communications
Writer: Brendan O'Shaughnessy
Photography: Barbara Johnston
Video footage: Barbara Johnston and Ian Kuijt
Video editing: Brendan O'Shaughnessy
Video music: "If You Find Me", Words Adapt. and Music by Steven C. Warner, Copyright © 2020 GIA Publications, Inc. All rights reserved. Performed by Newman Vocare Ensemble, Dublin


text:
Pasar Lais is een bestuurslaag in het regentschap Bengkulu Utara van de provincie Bengkulu, Indonesië. Pasar Lais telt 738 inwoners (volkstelling 2010).

Plaats in Bengkulu

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Three Amigos is a American western comedy film directed by John Landis and written by After breaking into the studio to retrieve their costumes, the Amigos head for Mexico. Stopping at a cantina near Santo Poco, they are mistaken for. 20 Mar Often I hear there is nothing to do in Victoria - I disagree. Three Amigos, Cozumel Picture: Drinks on waiter head - Check out TripAdvisor members' candid photos and videos.
Migos & Marshmello - Danger (from Bright: The Album) [Music Video] Good morning, amigos!! Before you head off to the craft fair, why not come and get a Lunch Buffet () for $?? Or $ for children 12 and under?? Also . Three Amigos, Cozumel Picture: Drinks on waiter head - Check out TripAdvisor members' candid photos and videos. 20 Mar Often I hear there is nothing to do in Victoria - I disagree.


This 80s classic starts out much like a mashup of a Monty Python skit and Deliverance, complete with grotesquely huge mechanic pounding an ancient adding machine, nebbishy customer sporting bottle-bottoms, and Southern Sheriff-esque shop manager. Then Jerry Clower appears, in his role as Mr. Transmission spokesman. Yes, they'll even rebuild your Rush-Matic!


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The JustDe research project examines the ways in which new spatial planning governance networks and traditional government practices are juxtaposed in a city-regional context. We study how new planning practices are interpreted by different actors, and what kind of implications these interpretations have for the justification of societal decision making and the idea of the "political" in spatial planning. The empirical focus is on the relatively recent state initiatives in Finland, Sweden and Norway, in which strategic agreements concerning spatial development and major infrastructure and innovation investments are in a pivotal role. The JustDe project is funded by the Academy of Finland 2018-2022.


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Very Rich, Rich, Rich': Nicki Minaj Says Drake Is a Billionaire in Disguise
Posted byBy Nicole Duncan-Smith | August 12, 2022 CommentsComments (0)
Has Nicki Minaj revealed high-level financial info fellow superstar Drake is trying to keep a secret? A recent Instagram Story Minaj put up seems to suggest that the Toronto-based Drake is a billionaire in disguise.
LAS VEGAS, NV – MAY 21: Recording artists Nicki Minaj and Drake attend the 2017 Billboard Music Awards at T-Mobile Arena on May 21, 2017 in Las Vegas, Nevada. (Photo by John Shearer/BBMA2017/Getty Images for dcp)
In the Instagram Story, posted Tuesday, Aug. 9, Minaj seems to be getting ready to board a private jet painted baby blue. Drake's "Air Drake" jet sports that distinctive color.
"This is what happens when you got a rich — I'm sorry, a very rich — a very rich, rich, rich rich, Canadian friend," she says in the video. "Who is the only billionaire I know that don't want people to know he a billionaire. I get it, but all right."
Billionaire or No Billionaire
Drake does have some expensive toys, such as the private jet — or two.
Drake's Boeing 767-200, that is complete with gold detailing on the aircraft walls; an entertainment/theatre room; at least three fully enclosed private suites and velvet couches, is reportedly worth $200 million and can seat 30 passengers.
Checking out his various business moves and portfolio, Forbes had the "God's Plan" emcee knocking on $150 million in 2019. But he's made move major business moves since then.
In May 2022, according to Variety, he reportedly signed a "Lebron-sized" recording contract with Universal Music Group, whispered to be worth approximately $400 million. The exact figures of the deal are unreleased. In what many found to be a line that referenced the hefty bag deal of $360 million, Drake spits this lyric on his "Lemon Pepper Freestyle," song, rapping, "Three-sixty upfront, it all comes full circle."
The Drake Investment Portfolio
The rapper's business portfolio is diverse, taking only a few ventures where he lends an actual "image and likeness" for endorsement. Three of those projects are not entirely music related: an ambassadorship with the Toronto Raptors; his furnishing of the deal between Caffeine TV and the number-one battle rap league in the world, the Ultimate Rap League; and the investment in Stake, an online casino/gambling outfit that has gained him millions of dollars.
Weeks ago, Drake personally used the Stake app and won $3,723,077, betting on two mixed martial artists, Molly McCann and Paddy Pimblett.
The "Scorpion" artist also launched his own label and brand under OVO, and has brought in new musicians to include other top charters such as PartyNextDoor and Canadian R&B duo Dvsn.
In 2017, he launched DreamCrew with his friend Adel Future Nur, a management company and entertainment group that produces "film, television and special projects" as well as oversees "Drake's professional career and business portfolio."
Some of DreamCrew's projects include the documentary "The Carter Effect," co-produced with LeBron James and Maverick Carter, about NBA's Vince Carter and his influence on the Toronto Raptors. The company also produced the film "Spree," the documentary "Ready for War," the TV series "The 48 Laws of Power," and most notably the HBO series "Euphoria," which was nominated for 37 awards, with three of its 11 award wins being Primetime Emmy Awards.
Drake has tapped into the spirits and adult beverage industry with a company called Virginia Black, a whiskey supported by the partnership of the rapper and DeLeón Tequila founder Brent Hocking. Though released throughout North America, in 2016 it became the highest-selling liquor in Canada. This is another project where Drake used his face to promote a product.
The artist-turned-mogul is also very deep in the cryptocurrency industry, recently becoming an investor in Wealthsimple, a Canadian fintech startup that is valued at $5 billion, and in the company MoonPay, a crypto-payment platform that describes itself as the PayPal for the crypto economy in its Series A round of funding, bringing in $3.4 billion.
The Billionaire Answer
In true rap fashion, Drake often boasts his fortune in rhymes. In addition to the lyrics on "Lemon Pepper Freestyle," on a Migos' song, "Having Our Way," the featured Drake raps more explicitly, "Billionaires talk to me different when they see my pay stub from Lucian Grainge," shouting out Sir Lucian, UMG's Chief Executive Officer.
Whether he is a billionaire or not, the sheer volume of successful big business he is engaged in makes him one of today's most successful artists in business.
'It's Every Sneaker Owner's Dream': Meet the Black Female-Owned Business Behind the new Nike Air Force 1


They say that a picture is worth a thousand words. If this is true, than a video is worth a million! As you think about the different ways you will be preserving memories from your wedding day, consider looking into an option like Story Capsule. This service is perfect for couples that want to create a unique memento that can be shared for generations. Haven't heard of Story Capsule? Let me tell you why it rocks and exactly how you can use it.
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Story Capsule is a fun, professionally edited video service that you can share for free as many times as you want to. Since it is professionally edited, the video is snappy, with quick cuts and great background music. People usually stop watching unedited videos, but a Story Capsule is edited into a form that keeps the viewer's attention.
The video can be tailored to your engagement and wedding story, so that you and your fiance or husband can capture all of the memories and emotions that you experienced on your journey so far. You'll be asked to have a conversation about your love story, and your words will then be turned into a concise story.
A story is a powerful thing. One day you can share your love story with your daughter or grand daughter as they prepare to get married. She will see how you felt when you were her age! Story Capsules preserve your engagement and wedding stories for years to come.
Choose A Theme: Story Capsules are perfect for weddings and engagements but it can be created for many themes, so visit the Story Capsule website (istorycapsule.com) and pick out "our engagement" to start off on the right path.
Print The Script: Print out ten to twenty questions that you and your finance or husband will be answering. Revise the script if you like, or leave it as is! My favorite questions from the script are: "What has been your favorite moment or event together?" and "When did you know that you were in love?".
Record Your Story: You can do this with a video recorder or your phone. It doesn't take long to do — just forget about the camera and have a fun conversation.
Send It Out: Submit your video and let the magic begin! You'll get a Story Capsule in return, that lasts 1-5 minutes depending on what option you choose. You can share it with others for free, and it is an instant family heirloom that you can pass down for generations.
If you feel excited about having a Story Capsule of your unique love story, think about adding it to your registry. It is such a special gift to give or receive because it records your love story in a unique way that will last forever.
You can check a few out in the Story Capsules gallery. Make sure you leave yourself some time… I started watching and couldn't stop. The couples' stories and unique interactions are adorable! How do you plan on preserving your engagement and wedding memories? Leave a comment below.


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Le canton de Mersch est un canton luxembourgeois situé dans le centre du Luxembourg. Son chef-lieu est Mersch.

Histoire
Du 30 mai 1857 au 4 mai 1867, le canton de Mersch forme, avec le canton de Redange, le district de Mersch.

Jusqu'à la suppression des districts en 2015, le canton faisait partie du district de Luxembourg.

Au  janvier 2018, les communes de Boevange-sur-Attert et Tuntange sont dissoutes lors de la création de la commune de Helperknapp.

Communes
Le canton est constitué de 10 communes :

Cantons limitrophes

Population et société

Démographie

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Canton (Luxembourg)

Liens externes


The initial £500 is to cover the deposit for the venue the extra £2000 will cover the remainder of the cost of the venue including lighting, sound technicians, bar staff, front of house staff, security and their marketing of the event across all media.
The more we can raise for the event in advance this means the more money we can give to St Nicholas Hospice as the remaining cost won't have to come out of ticket sales.
Raising funds to get the deposit together to move the "Just Push Play" Charity gig to The Apex, Bury St Edmunds. I have had a lot of interest in the event thanks to you gorgeous people and now I need your help. Last year we raised more money than ever before . Now not only did we raise more money than ever but I made a lot of cool contacts over the course of last years event and this has given me the potential this year to get the event to The Apex and put on not only the best show yet but also raise the most amount of money for St Nicholas Hospice.
The event has come along way since a hair brained idea in the pub one night in 2015 trying to work out a way to raise some money for St Nicholas Hospice. As you know this even is in tribute to my Dad as the hospice were amazing with him during his short but intense battle with cancer (it was just 13 days from diagnosis to him passing away) and over the last 3 events we have raised an incredible amount of money for the hospice.
I thank you all for your donations and making this event what it is. You guys have been amazing so far any anything you can give would be fantastic I simply could not do this event without you.


If you're having trouble deciding the best way to pack up your books, clothing, or other delicate items, then you aren't alone. Self storage has lots of ins and outs that may not become apparent until after you're knee deep in boxes and packing tape. But don't stress, because this guide can help!
Go ahead. Click through it. You'll see that it has all the information you need to get your project moving again, from proper packing techniques for long term storage to preparing a vehicle for the long winter months. Storage in Longview, Texas has never been as simple as this.


Organizers are weaving together plans for the third annual Fiber Art Fair set for May 11 from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. in downtown Perry, a daylong event filled with fiber art classes and demonstrations in an interactive and creative environment.
The Perry City Council voted unanimously Monday to grant perpetual permission to the Fiber Art Fair sponsors — the Art on the Prairie committee and La Poste — to sheath more than 70 light poles in Perry's Downtown Cultural District — along with bike racks, benches, handrails, everything from pillar to post — in colorful yarn in advance of the fair.
The Josh Davis Memorial Plaza will again support a a wall of colorful weavings, and a number of local vendors will have yarns, spinning wheels, drop spindles, woven and knit goods, fiber arts supplies and other textile goods for sale.
Fairgoers will also enjoy live music and mimosa or wine at La Poste at 1219 Warford St., with freshly baked cookies and coffee at the Perry Perk coffeehouse at 1201 Warford St. The Mary Rose Collection at 1215 Warford St., standing between the two, is the artful soul of the event.
Bonnie Ohrt will teach a class in needle-felted pictures from 1-3:30 p.m., which is a beginner's class in creating pictures out of wool, alpaca and llama fiber. Participants will begin with the basics of needle felting and move on to creating their own needle-felted painting.
No drawing experience is necessary. The class size is limited to eight, and the cost is $45, which includes all supplies, such as felting needles, foam pad, fiber sampler pack and felt base.


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Call us and experience for yourself the passion and know-how first hand. If excellent work is on the top of your wish list then call us to ensure you have the utmost peace of mind when you head off to the never-never, better still drop in and see for yourself. We look forward to answering all of your questions and assisting you.
See you soon! Jason and Julie.
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Advantages of Roth IRAs include nontaxable qualified distributions, lack of required minimum distributions, and that contributions can be made at any age.
Partial rollovers of qualified retirement plan assets into a Roth IRA, a recently approved option, can accommodate tax-free transfers if, after rolling after-tax proceeds into the Roth account, individuals then roll pretax monies into another plan or traditional IRA. Similarly, they can roll pretax monies in a traditional IRA into a qualified plan and convert the remaining after-tax funds into a Roth IRA.
Roth IRA contribution limits are similar to those for traditional IRAs, but designated Roth account contributions are subject to higher limits for qualified plans. While the latter are subject to required minimum distributions after age 70½, these may be avoided with an in-service distribution or rollover to a Roth IRA.
Converting assets from a traditional IRA or qualified plan to a Roth IRA is no longer limited by modified adjusted gross income, opening this option to more individuals. Pretax retirement accounts can be converted to designated Roth accounts within a qualified plan, with many former restrictions removed in recent years. Income recognition on conversion should be assessed for its effects on taxes and other income-based criteria.
Bankruptcy protection limits, beneficiaries, investment allocations, and risk from adverse law changes should also help guide planning decisions regarding IRAs.
In 1997, Congress created the Roth IRA.1 While a taxpayer cannot take an upfront deduction for contributions, qualified distributions are not taxable. In addition to Roth contributions, individuals may make qualified rollovers of traditional IRA and qualified plan assets into Roth IRAs, commonly referred to as conversions. Converted assets are included in gross income, subject to a few exceptions.2 The opportunity to get more assets into Roth vehicles via various means has evolved over the last several years, most recently with the promulgation of Notice 2014-54. This was a huge taxpayer win, allowing rollovers of after-tax dollars in retirement plans directly to Roth IRAs to potentially be completely tax-free.
Similarly to an IRA or qualified plan, the earnings within the account are tax-sheltered.
Owners who will be in a higher tax bracket in the future could benefit from tax rate arbitrage by paying taxes on contributed monies at their current, lower rate.
An important recent development in Roth planning is the promulgation of Notice 2014-54 in September 2014. Previously, opinions had differed regarding the treatment of after-tax portions that a taxpayer rolled from a qualified retirement plan to a Roth IRA.
Under Notice 2009-68, the IRS stated that if an individual made a partial rollover to another plan or IRA and a distribution to himself or herself, this is treated as two separate distributions, to each of which the "cream-in-the-coffee" rule9 would apply. If it is deemed to be one distribution, then an exception could apply,10 which would make any after-tax amounts kept by the individual not subject to the cream-in-the-coffee rule. This exception states that in a partial rollover from a qualified retirement plan, the pretax monies are deemed to be rolled over first. Therefore, in Example 1 above, if the individual had $1 million distributed to him and, within 60 days, he deposited $900,000 to an IRA, 100% of the dollars in the IRA would be considered pretax. The dollars remaining outside would be considered 100% after-tax. This would bypass the cream-in-the-coffee rule and effectively distribute $100,000 to the individual with no income tax ramifications.
In Notice 2014-54, the IRS declared that pretax and after-tax amounts distributed to multiple destinations at the same time should be treated as a single distribution, which allows the exception to apply. Therefore, an individual can effectively move after-tax proceeds directly to a Roth IRA without causing an income tax liability if all of the pretax monies are simultaneously rolled to another plan or a traditional IRA. This was a huge win for taxpayers and presents an opportunity to accumulate more in Roth assets if coordinated correctly.
If an individual has an IRA that contains both pretax and after-tax amounts and does a conversion, the pro rata rule would apply. If the taxpayer has a $100,000 IRA with $60,000 of after-tax contributions and $40,000 of earnings (i.e., pretax), any dollar converted would result in 40 cents of taxable income.
This assumes that the $60,000 in the IRA was the only IRA account that the individual had. If he had others (whether SIMPLE, SEP, or traditional), they would be factored into the calculation to determine the taxability of converting the $60,000. When a taxpayer can do a Roth conversion with no tax liability, it makes deciding whether to convert much easier.
The most direct way to build Roth assets is through contributions, either to a Roth IRA or to a designated Roth account.
Individuals who are young, with many years of compounding power in front of them.
Individuals who are likely in a lower tax bracket today than they will be when they withdraw the assets.
Individuals who have more assets than they will need for retirement. Roth IRAs can be excellent estate planning tools because the beneficiary can make distributions over his or her lifetime and continue the tax-free compounding, potentially over many decades.14 This applies if the ultimate beneficiaries of the individual's estate are individuals. If the ultimate beneficiaries are charitable beneficiaries, which are not subject to income tax,it would be fruitless for the IRA owner to pay the tax upfront that could be avoided altogether.
Individuals who are seeking tax diversification of assets. As Roth IRAs and designated Roth accounts are relatively new, many individuals who have been working and saving for retirement for many years have more in taxable and pretax retirement funds. Individuals can hedge against future tax changes by building up assets in multiple tax "buckets."
Roth IRAs also can be useful savings vehicles for children and grandchildren, who may be unable from an income standpoint to amass cash. Family members can make Roth IRA contributions on their behalf, assuming that the children or grandchildren are eligible, based on earned income and MAGI. While this could be more income-tax beneficial than setting up a trust for the benefit of the same beneficiary, it does give beneficiaries more control over the assets—which could be a negative aspect, depending on the beneficiaries' maturity level (and that of their spouse or significant other).
Beginning in 2006, if a plan allowed it, participants had an additional option to choose from. Instead of deferring the income tax that was attributable to the compensation set aside into the retirement plan, they could pay income tax on the monies set aside and contribute them to a designated Roth account within the employer's plan.16 Distributions from the designated Roth account later would not be taxable.
The two main differences between designated Roth accounts and Roth IRAs are that designated Roth account contributions are not limited to taxpayers under certain income levels, and the contribution limits are higher (in 2015 and 2016, for those under age 50, $18,000, versus $5,500 for Roth IRAs, and $24,000 versus $6,500 for those age 50 and over). If Warren Buffett had access to a designated Roth account through his employer, he would be eligible to contribute up to $24,000 of his earned income to it.
Unlike a Roth IRA, a designated Roth account is subject to the same lifetime distribution rules as other qualified plans.19 This means that employees could be subject to RMDs beginning at age 70½ unless they are still working and own less than 5% of the company.20 Participants would be wise to consider an in-service distribution if they would be subject to RMDs from their employer's designated Roth account. If they rolled the designated Roth account assets into a Roth IRA, which, as stated earlier, is not subject to RMDs,they could keep the assets in a Roth vehicle to continue tax-free compounded investment growth. Otherwise, a distribution would have to be made, and although it would be tax-free, all future growth would forever be outside the preferential Roth environment.
Prior to 2010, married taxpayers filing jointly were permitted to do a conversion only if their MAGI was less than $100,000.23 This income cap has since been removed.
The taxpayer has ample assets outside the traditional IRA or retirement plan funds to pay the resulting income tax liability due upon the conversion. Having to pay the income tax liability from the retirement funds diminishes the benefit, as fewer assets remain in the Roth to grow tax-free.
The individual anticipates having a higher tax rate in the future than now. Many observers believe that tax rates for upper-middle-income and high-income individuals will trend higher in future years, as marginal ordinary income tax rates are currently low when considered from a historical perspective.
Individuals who retire prior to age 70½, when RMDs must begin from traditional IRA assets,24 may be in a lower tax bracket than in the future. By doing small Roth conversions during the years prior to age 70½, taxpayers can potentially maximize the after-tax value of their wealth and reduce future RMDs that will be subject to ordinary income tax.
Individuals who will need the assets for their living expenses in a retirement that is still a number of years away could be good candidates for a conversion. This allows additional tax-free compounding of growth and diminishes the relative cost of the upfront income tax costs of conversion.
The Small Business Jobs Act of 2010, P.L. 111-240, added a provision that allows any Sec. 401(k), Sec. 403(b), or governmental Sec. 457(b) plan that provides for both traditional and designated Roth account contributions to offer the ability to do a conversion within the plan itself.27 A plan is not required by law to offer this feature to its participants, even if it does allow its participants to participate in a designated Roth account within the plan. Initially, the ability to do an in-plan conversion required participants to be entitled to a distribution from the pretax plan, which meant that they had to meet certain age or qualifying event requirements. This limited the availability of conversions of qualified plan assets for many individuals.
However, the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012removed many of these restrictions and permitted individuals to convert balances in an employer-sponsored tax-deferred retirement plan into a designated Roth account beginning in tax years after Dec. 31, 2012, if the plan allows it.28 The tax consequences are the same as if the money had been rolled over to an IRA and then converted to a Roth IRA, meaning that any amounts not attributed to after-tax contributions are taxed as ordinary income.
For example, a conversion by a taxpayer in the 35% marginal federal income tax bracket of $500,000 within the plan, assuming that the amount converted consisted entirely of pretax contributions and earnings attributable to them, would trigger $175,000 of additional income tax, besides any additional taxes the taxpayer might incur due to a higher total income (e.g., net investment income tax, limitation of itemized deductions, etc.).
One drawback of doing a conversion within the employer-sponsored plan, as opposed to from an IRA, is that the taxpayer cannot recharacterize the conversion later. This can be particularly costly if the assets' value sharply declines between the time of the conversion and when the account could have been recharacterized had the conversion taken place in an IRA.
With these rollovers, individuals are not required to withhold 20% income tax that typically applies to distributions from a qualified plan. Tax withholding can be applied electively,31 but if the individual has other assets, they would be a preferable source from which to pay the resulting income tax liability due to the conversion. This keeps the amount within the Roth as large as possible.
Due to the income limits applicable to Roth IRA contributions and the deductibility of regular IRA contributions, taxpayers with higher incomes may think that they cannot participate in Roth IRAs. This is not necessarily the case.
Individuals, regardless of income levels, are allowed to make contributions to regular IRAs. If the individual's income level exceeds certain thresholds, the contributions will be deemed nondeductible, meaning that the contributions are considered made with after-tax dollars. Then the individual can convert these assets within the traditional IRA to a Roth IRA. Upon the conversion, he or she will have to include in gross income only the amount that is attributable to any earnings on the contributions. If the conversion takes place relatively soon after the contribution, this amount would likely be very small, if anything.
There is a major caveat to this planning opportunity. If the individual has other IRA assets that are pretax dollars, calculating the amount included in taxable income is more complex. The cream-in-the-coffee rule32 would apply. All IRAs are aggregated to determine the amount that is considered includible in the taxpayer's income. This is reported on Form 8606, Nondeductible IRAs, with the taxpayer's Form 1040, U.S. Individual Income Tax Return. Essentially, the calculation multiplies all distributions from the individual's IRAs for the year by a fraction to determine how much is taxable and how much is a recovery of basis. The numerator is the total basis that the taxpayer has in his or her IRAs, and the denominator of the fraction is the total balance of all IRA assets as of Dec. 31 of the tax year, plus any amounts that were distributed throughout the year.
Example 3:If an individual who has $100,000 in IRA assets, of which $5,000 is from after-tax contributions, converts $5,000 from his IRA to a Roth IRA, the amount that would be taxed as ordinary income is calculated as follows: $5,000 − ($5,000 × [$5,000 ÷ ($95,000 + $5,000)]) = $5,000 − $250 = $4,750 of taxable income.
This means that only 5% of the conversion was nontaxable, with the remaining 95% taxable. This can make Roth conversions for individuals with significant pretax IRA assets not nearly as efficient as for those who have minimal pretax assets.
Those who have most or all of their pretax retirement dollars in an employer-sponsored plan, as these dollars are not factored into the calculation to determine the taxability of a conversion from an IRA to a Roth IRA.
Assuming that an individual has nothing in any IRAs prior to any nondeductible contribution to an IRA and subsequent conversion to a Roth, a Roth conversion can be tax-neutral. For example, if he or she makes a $5,500 nondeductible contribution to an IRA (due to income thresholds) and subsequently converts that $5,500 to a Roth IRA, the formula to determine the amount considered taxable would be: $5,500 − ($5,500 × [$5,500 ÷ ($0 + $5,500)]) = $5,500 − $5,500 = $0 taxable income.
A conversion to a Roth IRA is tied to the traditional monies that are being rolled over. Therefore, a conversion for 2015 must be tied to a distribution that occurs by Dec. 31, 2015. An individual must contribute a distribution from a traditional plan to a Roth IRA within 60 calendar days after the distribution date.37 Therefore, an individual could have a distribution from his or her IRA on Dec. 31, 2015, and as long as the monies are contributed to a Roth IRA within 60 calendar days, the conversion will be considered complete in 2015.
As stated earlier, any qualified distribution from a Roth IRA is not includible in gross income. A distribution is qualified if it meets the qualified purpose and qualified distribution period tests.
For a first-time home purchase, limited to $10,000.
While the exemption is unlimited for retirement plans such as Sec. 401(k)s and Sec. 403(b)s, IRAs (including Roth IRAs) have an exemption of only $1 million. This is adjusted triennially for cost of living and is now $1,245,475.46 If a qualified retirement plan is rolled over to an IRA (whether pretax or Roth), it is not subject to the exemption cap.47 Individuals and their financial advisers would be wise to consider segregating IRA assets that are due to qualified plan rollovers versus IRA contributions, to avoid any confusion down the line.
A recent Supreme Court case clarified that inherited IRAs are not afforded any protection under federal bankruptcy laws.54 However, if the individual's state specifies otherwise, inherited IRA assets could be protected.
The above comments are with respect to bankruptcy proceedings. For general creditor proceedings, individuals must look to their state's law to determine what protections are afforded to IRA assets.
In addition to being financially responsible to avoid bankruptcy proceedings, individuals should look to secure umbrella liability insurance for protection against civil lawsuit liabilities.
If a plan is fully subject to the Retirement Equity Act of 1984,55 then, generally, the plan must distribute any benefits to a married employee in the form of a qualified joint and survivor annuity, unless the employee has waived that form of benefit and the employee's spouse consents to the waiver. While qualified plans such as designated Roth accounts are subject to this requirement, Roth IRAs are not.
Individuals who have multiple tax buckets (pretax, Roth, and taxable) should pay attention to asset location. For example, if an individual invests 60% in stocks and 40% in bonds, it would not be ideal to have the bonds in the Roth IRA account, given its tax-free compounding ability and subsequent tax-free qualified distributions. An individual may maximize overall wealth by strategically locating higher-growth assets in the tax-preferred Roth accounts.
Limitation of financial aid for higher education: Although the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) does not require retirement assets to be reported, a conversion will increase the total income that must be reported. Therefore, doing a Roth conversion on Jan. 1, 2016, instead of Dec. 31, 2015, for example, could minimize the impact on any potential financial aid that could be awarded to a student based on the parents' income for 2015.
Net investment income tax: Since 2013, the 3.8% net investment income tax is imposed on net investment income exceeding specified amounts.59 Increasing a taxpayer's income with Roth conversions could subject some or all of the taxpayer's net investment income to this additional tax.
Increased rate on capital gains and dividends: Also since 2013, adjusted net capital gains that, if ordinary income, would be taxed at a rate of 39.6% are subject to a federal tax of 20% instead of 15%.60 Increasing a taxpayer's income with Roth conversions could thereby increase the tax rate applied to long-term capital gains or qualified dividends.
Require minimum distributions from Roth IRAs.
One would hope that any legislative changes would apply prospectively, not retroactively. The fact that individuals who have been able to take advantage of Roth conversions and contributions and designated Roth accounts are likely to be more affluent and more influential with Congress may impede any changes from being applied retroactively.
Roth assets can be valuable as part of strategies for overall tax diversification, wealth transfer, or retirement income. While potentially valuable to some, they could be inappropriate for others, depending on their estate planning goals, the likelihood of lower tax brackets in retirement or lower tax brackets of beneficiaries compared with those of the current owners, and a lack of ability to pay the resulting income tax liability from assets outside retirement assets.
Regular Roth IRA contributions are limited to a relatively small annual dollar amount, but continued over many years, compounding of investments can be powerful. The same is true for nondeductible IRA contributions and subsequent Roth conversions. Designated Roth accounts allow taxpayers to save almost four times as much as can be contributed to a Roth IRA.
Individuals can also convert assets to Roth IRAs, choosing to pay income tax now on the converted amounts to have future growth occur in the preferential Roth environment. The different conversion methods available include converting assets from a traditional IRA to a Roth IRA, converting assets within a qualified retirement plan to a designated Roth account within the plan, and converting assets directly from a qualified retirement plan to a Roth IRA. The law has evolved over the past several years to increase taxpayers' ability to move assets into Roth IRAs via conversion.
An individual with both an IRA and a qualified retirement plan has additional strategies available. He or she can directly roll any after-tax monies in the qualified plan to a Roth IRA to avoid the cream-in-the-coffee rule and get assets into Roth vehicles with potentially no corresponding income tax liability. If an individual has an IRA with both pretax and after-tax dollars, he or she can roll the pretax dollars into the qualified retirement plan and then convert the remaining dollars in the IRA, which, if done correctly, results in no income tax liability.
Other considerations in deciding whether to put additional assets into Roth vehicles include asset location, ripple effects due to higher taxable income, and the lower amount of credit protection afforded to contributory IRAs, compared with qualified retirement plans or segregated IRA rollover plans. The elephant in the room is the potential legislative risk. Individuals should work closely with their professional advisers, including accountants, attorneys, and financial advisers, to review the overall risks in the context of the client's individual situation.
1Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997, P.L. 105-34.
4Sec. 408A(c)(5); Regs. Sec. 1.401(k)-1(f)(4)(i).
8Secs. 72(e)(8)(A), 72(e)(8)(B), and 72(e)(5)(D).
9The rule that an individual who receives a distribution from an account that contains both pretax and after-tax contributions must recognize in income a pro rata portion of each.
11Sec. 408(d)(3)(H); Secs. 402(c)(8)(B)(iii), (iv), (v), and (vi).
13Secs. 408A(c) and 219(g)(7)(A); Notice 2015-75.
14Regs. Sec. 1.408A-6, A-14(b); Sec. 408(a)(6).
23Sec. 408A(c)(3)(B)(i), before amendment by the Tax Increase Prevention and Reconciliation Act of 2005, P.L. 109-222; Regs. Sec. 1.408A-4, Q&A 2.
27Sec. 402A(c)(4) and Notice 2010-84.
28American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, P.L. 112-240.
29Notice 2008-30, A-6; Notice 2009-75.
30Secs. 408A(e), 402(c)(8)(B), and 457(e)(1)(B).
32Secs. 72 and 408(d)(2); Regs. Sec. 1.408A-4, A-7(a).
34Instructions to Form 8606, Nondeductible IRAs.
35Regs. Sec. 1.408A-3, A-2(b); Sec. 219(f)(3).
36Because Emancipation Day, April 16, falls on a Saturday in 2016, it will be observed on April 15, thus deferring filing deadlines otherwise on that date to the following Monday, April 18, except for taxpayers residing in Massachusetts and Maine, for whom that Monday is Patriot's Day, further deferring their deadline to April 19. See Sec. 7503 and Rev. Rul. 2015-13.
37Regs. Sec. 1.408A-4, A-1(b)(1); Secs. 402(c)(3)(A) and 408(d)(3).
41Sec. 72(t); Regs. Sec. 1.408A-6, A-5(a). For more on the exceptions to the 10% penalty, see Poyzer and Yoder, "How to Avoid the 10% Additional Tax on Early Retirement Distributions," 221-1 Journal of Accountancy 46 (January 2016).
44Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005, P.L. 109-8.
46To be readjusted effective April 1, 2016. 11 U.S.C. §522(n) and 11 U.S.C. §104.
4911 U.S.C. §522(b)(3)(C) and Hamlin, 465 B.R. 863 (B.A.P. 9th Cir. 2012).
50Gladwell v. Reinhart, No. 09-4028 (10th Cir. 4/24/12).
51Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.
5211 U.S.C. §§522(b)(4)(A) and (B).
53Patterson v. Shumate, 504 U.S. 753 (1992), and 29 C.F.R. §§2510.3-3(b) and (c)(1).
54Clark v. Rameker, 134 S. Ct. 2242 (2014).
55Retirement Equity Act of 1984, P.L. 98-397.
56Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, "Part B Costs," available at www.medicare.gov.
61Office of Management and Budget, Analytical Perspectives, Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2016.
Amanda Lott is a partner and wealth adviser with RegentAtlantic Capital LLC in Morristown, N.J. For more information about this column, contact Ms. Lott at alott@regentatlantic.com.


and natural areas and 27 miles of multi-use trails, Middleton promises to reconnect you with nature, without ever having to leave the city.
Middleton's trail system welcomes users of all abilities and links to an ADA-accessible kayak/canoe port on Graber Pond. It's the first of its kind in Wisconsin and it uses an innovative adjustable bench and guide rails to accommodate users. The pier is accessible via a multi-use trail that connects to Middleton's vast trail network.
The Pheasant Branch Creek Corridor Trail is an oasis of tranquility, complete with a bubbling stream and picturesque bridges. The trail runs through the heart of Middleton, offering a beautiful outdoor experience near restaurants, shops and lodging.
ENERGI® stations installed along Middleton's South Fork Trail offer a free and fun trailside workout. Each station offers different challenges and is designed to work the entire body. Enjoy an outdoor challenge while experiencing the beauty of Middleton's trail system.
Wayfinding signs along the trail help trail users find nearby places to eat and shop. They feature QR codes that you can scan for more information. Pay them a visit and make sure you don't miss anything on the trail!
The Memory Trail features triggers to improve brain power, giving minds a workout. The trail was built in conjunction with the Dementia Alliance and it's a fantastic way to exercise your mind and body.
Right now the grass is lush and green, and the leaves are quaking on the trees. It's time to play Middleton's beautiful Pleasant View Golf Course….


SBE0025 - Monviso mountain, Po valley, Ostana, Piedmont, Italy.
SBE0021 - Skiers, Marchesini al Pagarì refuge, Gesso valley, Piedmont, Italy.
SBE0270 - Erice, Trapani, Sicily, Italy, Europe Campanile, Gibbena e Chiesa madre.
SBE0002 - Lago Grande di Viso, Po valley, Piedmont, Italy.


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Friedrich Eduard Max Eckert-Greifendorff (avant 1934 Friedrich Eduard Max Eckert, né le  à Chemnitz, mort le  à Aix-la-Chapelle) est un géographe et cartographe allemand. Élève de Friedrich Ratzel à l'Université d'Aix-la-Chapelle  où il suit toute sa carrière, il publie des articles dans des champs aussi divers que la géographie humaine, la géographie physique et la géodésie. Il reste connu pour les projections cartographiques qu'il a conçues : Eckert I, Eckert II, Eckert III, Eckert IV, Eckert V et Eckert VI.

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Géographe allemand du XIXe siècle
Géographe allemand du XXe siècle
Cartographe allemand
Étudiant de l'université de Leipzig
Naissance en avril 1868
Naissance à Chemnitz
Naissance dans le royaume de Saxe
Décès en décembre 1938
Décès à Aix-la-Chapelle
Décès à 70 ans