text:
Quintet Yorkway, acquired Talent International
Like Talent International
Online Staffing
Internet Media
Misc Finance
By Talent International
By Quintet Yorkway
Quintet Yorkway Competitor`s Deals
K-12 Media and Tech
All Segments 12/06/04 to 12/01/21 (25 results)
synopsis: Australia-based technology recruitment firm Talent International announced that Sydney-based investment management firm Quintet Yorkway has increased its shareholding in Talent by acquiring a majority stake in the company. Talent is Australia's market leading technology contracting specialist.
buyer: Quintet Yorkway
Quintet Yorkway is a Sydney based investment manager of private assets, resulting from the founders of Yorkway Partners and Quintet Partners bringing together their boutique investment management firms. Quintet Yorkway is a leading investment manager of private assets with an 12 year track record. "
target: Talent International
Talent is Australia's market leading technology contracting specialist supplying contract and permanent professionals across Australia, New Zealand, Europe and USA, with a presence across 17 cities. Talent is a leading tech and digital recruitment specialist.
closed 12/1/2021 via BNC Analysis
PeopleIN, acquired GMT People
synopsis: PeopleIN, the largest workforce management and staffing company in Australia, has acquired GMT People, an Australian recruitment firm. GMT People specialises in contract and permanent IT recruitment solutions for the IT industry. They offer talent for a full range of IT disciplines, including program directors, data analysts, IT security, and more.
buyer: PeopleIN (ASX:PPE:$316.10)
PeopleIN is the largest workforce management and staffing company in Australia. PeopleIN connects more than 10,000 Aussies with new roles every year. The company is made up of made up of 22 brands that specialize in technology, healthcare, community support and industrial & specialist. "
target: GMT People
GMT People is an Australian recruitment firm. GMT People specialises in contract and permanent IT recruitment solutions for the information technology industry. They offer talent for a full range of IT disciplines, including program directors, data analysts, network engineers, IT security, and more.
Alaant, acquired Capital Tech Search
synopsis: Alaant Worforce Solutions, a staffing, recruiting and full-service employment agency, has acquired Capital Tech Search, a technical permanent placement firm that specializes in filling software and engineering jobs. Capital Tech Search provides placement services for programmers, web developers, UI designers and more.
buyer: Alaant
Alaant is a staffing, recruiting and full-service employment agency. Alaant helps employers to attract, recruit, engage and retain the best talent. They provide executive recruiting services and hiring solutions for HR professionals and managers in companies of all sizes. "
target: Capital Tech Search
Capital Tech Search is a technical permanent placement firm that specializes in filling software and engineering jobs. Capital Tech Search provides organizations with the best candidate for their IT needs. The firm provides placement services for programmers, web developers, UI designers and more.
closed 1/17/2017 via Market Wire
LogiGear Corporation, acquired True North Service, Inc.
synopsis: LogiGear, a world leader in software testing solutions, announced that it has completed the acquisition of True North Service (TNS), a provider of contract staffing and software testing services to technology companies.
buyer: LogiGear Corporation
LogiGear Corporation provides leading-edge software testing technologies and expertise, along with software development services that enable companies to accelerate business growth while having confidence in the software they deliver. "
target: True North Service, Inc.
True North Service (TNS) is a provider of contract staffing and software testing services to technology companies. TNS was established in Seattle in 2007 as a mobile content certification house testing games and apps for developers, operators, and storefronts before TNS expanded its services.
closed 12/16/2019 via BusinessWire
BG Staffing, acquired LJ Kushner Associates, LLC
synopsis: BG Staffing, a growing national provider of workforce solutions, has completed the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of L.J. Kushner & Associates, LLC, a leading executive search and professional recruitment firm dedicated exclusively to the Information Security industry and its professionals.
buyer: BG Staffing (AMEX:BGSF:$280.51)
BG Staffing provides staffing services to a variety of industries through its various divisions. BG Staffing is primarily a professional temporary staffing platform that has integrated several regional and national brands and is set to achieve scalable growth. "
target: LJ Kushner Associates, LLC
L.J. Kushner & Associates, LLC is a leading executive search and professional recruitment firm dedicated exclusively to the Information Security industry and its professionals.
closed 9/16/2014 via PR Newswire
Seven Step RPO, acquired BlueGlue
synopsis: Seven Step RPO announced it has acquired BlueGlue, a leading Recruitment Process Outsourcing provider in the United Kingdom. BlueGlue provides Recruitment Process Outsourcing solutions to fast-growing organizations in the United Kingdom.
buyer: Seven Step RPO
Seven Step RPO is a leading global provider of outsourced recruitment solutions. The company helps the world's largest corporations overcome their talent acquisition challenges by providing true recruitment innovation, valuable analytics, and actionable insight. "
target: BlueGlue
BlueGlue are specialists in recruitment process outsourcing, providing rapid-rising technology companies with all the benefits of an in-house recruitment function, without the expense or commitment.
closed 7/31/2013 via PR Web
The Reserves Network, acquired Summit Technical Services, Inc.
synopsis: The Reserves Network, a leading provider of staffing services for the office, industrial, professional and technical markets, has acquired Summit Technical Services. Founded in 1988, Summit Technical specializes in providing contract staffing services for engineering, software and professional design.
buyer: The Reserves Network
The Reserves Network is a regional staffing service for the office, industrial, professional and technical markets. Founded in 1984 and headquartered in Fairview Park, Ohio, the company works with over 1,000 active customers in a multitude of industries, with the presence of Fortune 500 companies. "
target: Summit Technical Services, Inc.
Summit Technical Services, Inc., provides high technology and engineering companies with mechanical, electrical, software and manufacturing engineers, CAD designers and drafters on a temporary basis. Their corporate office is located in Warsick, RI.
TechStream Group, acquired Etonwood Ltd
synopsis: London-based technology recruitment firm Etonwood announced that it merged with talent solutions provider TechStream. Etonwood specialises in cloud and infrastructure technology talent solutions and works closely with financial services companies, technology consultancies and service management automation specialists.
buyer: TechStream Group
Founded in 2017 by Paul Beeke, TechStream is a talent solution provider that consists of four portfolio brands each focusing on unique technology streams: CloudStream, EarthStream, AutoStream and CyberStream. "
target: Etonwood Ltd
Etonwood specialises in cloud and infrastructure technology talent solutions and works closely with financial services companies, technology consultancies and service management automation specialists which includes the rapidly growing ServiceNow market.
closed 11/19/2021 via PR Newswire
Eliassen Group, acquired Lightwell Inc
See 4857 Comparable Transactions
synopsis: Eliassen Group, LLC, a strategic consulting and talent solutions firm, has acquired Lightwell Inc., a comprehensive technology and business solutions firm. The acquisition enhances Eliassen's offerings in the cloud consulting and IT solutions space, as well as brings Eliassen to an international stage.
buyer parent: Stone Point Capital, LLC
buyer: Eliassen Group
Eliassen Group provides strategic consulting and talent solutions to drive its clients' innovation and business results. Eliassen Group's purpose is to positively impact the lives of its employees, clients, consultants, and the communities in which they operate. "
target: Lightwell Inc
Lightwell develops, implements, and manages technology solutions that answer modern critical business challenges. They provide comprehensive services and solutions for integration and APIs, data analytics, order management, B2B integration, supply chain management, and more.
Cognizant Technology Solutions, acquired Hunter Technical
synopsis: Cognizant has acquired digital engineering assets from Hunter Technical Resources, a digital engineering and project management agency headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. Hunter Technical Resources engineers specialize in high-demand skills, including full stack development, machine learning, DevOps, systems architecture and data science.
buyer: Cognizant Technology Solutions (CTSH:$17,914.00)
Cognizant is one of the world's leading professional services companies, transforming clients' business, operating, and technology models for the digital era. The company's unique industry-based, consultative approach helps clients envision, build, and run more innovative and efficient businesses. "
target: Hunter Technical
HUNTER Technical Resources is a national Tech Recruiting & Staffing firm providing companies of all sizes with outstanding Information Technology talent, along with responsible, ethical service.
LMC s.r.o., acquired techloop.io
synopsis: A leading recruitment service company in the Czech Republic LMC s.r.o, a member of the Alma Media Group, has acquired a Czech start-up Techloop. The company's SaaS-based recruitment service Techloop.io is a niche portal designed for IT professionals and businesses.
buyer parent: Alma Media Oyj
buyer: LMC s.r.o.
LMC, based in the Czech Republic, provides a family of online products for job searching and education, including the websites Jobs.cz, Prace.cz, Teamio and more. Since 1996, they have helped more than 34,000 companies to find more than 1,000,000 employees. "
target: techloop.io
Prague-based SaaS-based recruitment service Techloop is a niche portal designed for IT professionals and businesses. Techloop's algorithm-based service analyses quickly and efficiently registered applicants' online profiles and matches them with listed IT vacancies.
announced 1/12/2021 via GlobeNewswire
Xalles, will acquire Crown Solutions India Pvt. Ltd.
synopsis: Xalles Holdings Inc., a fintech holding company providing technology and financial services solutions, will acquire Crown Solutions India Pvt. Ltd., a company that focuses on IT Consulting and Staffing Services.
buyer: Xalles (OTCPK:XALL:$0.15)
Xalles Holdings Inc. is a holding company that focuses on direct investments in disruptive fintech companies. They actively seek acquisition targets with solid management teams and business models, large total attainable markets, and lucrative exit opportunities to invest and accelerate growth in. "
target: Crown Solutions India Pvt. Ltd.
Crown Solutions India Private Limited, is a company that focuses on IT Consulting and Staffing Services. The company has been successfully providing services to several globally operating IT companies in India, USA and UK over the last eighteen years.
closed 12/3/2020 via GlobeNewswire
Astek, acquired Meritek Inc.
synopsis: ASTEK Canada has announced the acquisition of Meritek Inc., a well-known corporation specializing in IT recruitment in Eastern Canada. ASTEK Canada is part of Groupe ASTEK, which is present in 15 countries and supported by more than 5,000 highly qualified IT staffers.
buyer: Astek
Astek is a French technology consulting group. Astek supports major industrial, telecom, and service companies with innovation, R & D, and digital transformation strategies. Astek focuses on Digital Transformation, Telecoms & Infrastructures, Intelligent Systems, and Product & Process Engineering. "
target: Meritek Inc.
Founded in 2007, Meritek is a recruitment firm for specialized information technology resources. They are based in Montréal, Québec, Canada.
closed 1/2/2019 via BusinessWire
Digital Intelligence Systems Corporation, acquired Princeton Information
synopsis: Digital Intelligence Systems, LLC (DISYS), a global managed services and staffing firm, has announced its acquisition of the assets and business of Princeton Information, headquartered in North Massapequa, NY. Princeton Information is one of the nation's top privately-held IT consulting and solutions firms.
buyer: Digital Intelligence Systems Corporation
Digital Intelligence Systems, LLC (DISYS) is a global managed services and staffing firm with 33 offices worldwide specializing in Managed Staffing Services, Agile Services, Application Development Services, Business Intelligence Services, Cloud Enablement Services, and Enterprise Resource Planning."
target: Princeton Information
Princeton Information is one of the nation's top privately-held IT consulting and solutions firms. Princeton Information services a clientele of primarily Fortune 500 companies across all industries including finance, insurance, pharmaceutical, commercial, telecom, media, and manufacturing.
closed 6/18/2018 via BusinessWire
Digital Intelligence Systems Corporation, acquired Xtreme Consulting Group, Inc.
synopsis: Outcome Capital, an investment firm, is pleased to announce that its client, Digital Intelligence Systems (DISYS), a global staffing and IT consulting firm, has acquired the business and assets of Xtreme Consulting Group (Xtreme), a talent and IT solutions company that provides talent resources, operational expertise and staffing solutions.
target: Xtreme Consulting Group, Inc.
Xtreme partners with leading consumer and technology companies to provide the talent resources, operational expertise and comprehensive staffing solutions they need to efficiently grow their businesses and accelerate success.
announced 5/25/2017 via Market Wire
Rackspace Hosting, will acquire TriCore Solutions LLC
synopsis: Rackspace announced that it signed an agreement to acquire TriCore Solutions, a leader in the management of enterprise applications, including Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solutions from Oracle and SAP.
buyer parent: Apollo Global Management
buyer: Rackspace Hosting (RAX:$2,948.40)
Rackspace, the #1 managed cloud company, helps businesses tap the power of cloud computing without the complexity and cost of managing it all on their own. Rackspace delivers expertise, easy-to-use tools, and Fanatical Support® for technologies including AWS, Google, Microsoft, OpenStack and VMware."
target parent: BV Investment Partners
target: TriCore Solutions LLC
TriCore Solutions, the application management experts, provides a full suite of scalable and reliable managed application, cloud and infrastructure hosting, and consulting services to enterprise organizations.
announced 8/1/2012 via GlobeNewswire
Xtreme Consulting Group, Inc., will acquire Kipe Technology Resources
synopsis: International business and IT services firm, Xtreme Consulting Group, Inc., has reached a definitive agreement to acquire Kipe Technology Resources—a leading technology staffing firm based out of Beaverton, Oregon. The purchase of Kipe Technology Resources further increases Xtreme's share in the IT consulting market.
buyer: Xtreme Consulting Group, Inc.
Xtreme Consulting Group is a business and IT services firm that delivers project management and consulting services to help clients reduce costs, enhance organizational flexibility, and improve performance. "
target: Kipe Technology Resources
Kipe Technology Resources has grown from a small IT consulting firm to a highly successful, diversified, and well regarded staffing company. Since its inception, Kipe has served more than 30 different clients in areas such as manufacturing, insurance, banking, government, and health care.
SQL Star, acquired TalentFuse
synopsis: TalentFuse, San Diego's fastest growing IT recruiting and staffing company, today announced that SQL Star, a globally recognized IT services and technology institution serving both private and government sectors, has acquired the company. The new company will be one of the largest IT staffing and project development firms in the country.
buyer: SQL Star
SQL Star is a global IT solutions & services enterprise serving both the private and government sector. SQL Star is strategically poised to deliver complete solutions to its customers cost-effectively and consistently. SQL Star has two divisions - Knowledge Services and Enterprise Services. "
target: TalentFuse
TalentFuse is a, full service staffing and IT development company. TalentFuse matches elite technology professionals with top positions in their field. At the heart of the company's foundation is a personalized, hands-on approach throughout the entire relationship with both consultant and client.
Kforce Inc., acquired VistaRMS Inc.
synopsis: Kforce Inc., a professional staffing firm, today announced the closing of the acquisition of VistaRMS, Inc. effective earlier today.
buyer: Kforce Inc. (KFRC:$910.14)
Kforce Inc. is a full-service, professional staffing firm providing flexible and permanent staffing solutions for candidates and organizations in the skill areas of technology, finance and accounting, and health and life sciences. "
target: VistaRMS Inc.
VistaRMS is a world-class Information Technology (IT) Solutions Provider. Founded in 1996, VistaRMS has been recognized for providing integrated business and IT Solutions that enable clients to improve their competitive position, market share, and productivity in both the commercial and government
announced 4/1/2021 via BNC Analysis
The Planet Group, will acquire I.T. Works Recruitment Inc.
synopsis: The Planet Group, a leading provider of outsourced human capital and consulting solutions, will acquire I.T. Works Recruitment Inc., a niche tech recruitment firm that places candidates in permanent and contract positions across North America. I.T. Works Recruitment specializes in recruiting hard-to-find IT professionals for niche markets.
buyer parent: MidOcean Partners
buyer: The Planet Group
The Planet Group is a diversified professional services organization focused on providing high-value outsourced human capital solutions and niche consulting services to Fortune 500 and other leading clients in the fastest growing and most in-demand sectors. "
target: I.T. Works Recruitment Inc.
I.T. Works Recruitment Inc. is a niche tech recruitment firm that places candidates in permanent and contract positions across North America. I.T. Works Recruitment specializes in sourcing and recruiting hard-to-find information technology (IT) professionals for niche markets.
Talent International, acquired Experis
synopsis: Talent, a leading tech and digital recruitment specialist, has announced the acquisition of ManpowerGroup's New Zealand IT business, Experis. Experis is the global leader in professional resourcing and project-based solutions.
buyer: Talent International
Talent is a leading tech and digital recruitment specialist. They work with thousands of contract and permanent tech and digital professionals across the globe. They are based in Australia. "
target parent: ManpowerGroup
target: Experis (CITP:$649.31)
Experis is the global leader in professional resourcing and project-based solutions. Experis accelerates organizations' growth by attracting, assessing and placing specialized expertise in IT, Finance and Engineering to deliver in-demand talent for mission-critical positions and projects.
Aion Bank, acquired ETFmatic LTD
synopsis: Aion Bank, a full-service digital bank based in Brussels, has acquired ETFmatic, a London-based robo-advisor and Aion's partner since last year. The deal has been approved by the UK's Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). ETFmatic's proprietary investment platform and management team will be integrated into Aion's operations.
buyer parent: Warburg Pincus
buyer: Aion Bank
Aion, based in Belgium, is a subscription-only digital bank with a modern human touch, offering a wide range of services to individual and business customers. Seated in Brussels, it operates under a Belgian banking licence and offers customers convenient ways to optimize savings and expenses. "
target: ETFmatic LTD
ETFmatic, based in the UK, provides their customers with an easy way to manage their investment goals. The Company uses index based investment strategies and Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) to construct and manage investment portfolios tailored to their customers' personal preferences and situations.
Guardian Capital Group, will acquire ModernAdvisor
synopsis: Guardian Capital Group Limited, a Canadian diversified financial services company, will acquire Modern Advisor Canada Inc., a leading Canadian digital advisor platform. ModernAdvisor is a fintech start-up that helps investors to reach their investment goals through transparent, unbiased, and cost-effective investment management services.
buyer: Guardian Capital Group (TSX:GCG.A:$136.06)
Guardian Capital is a Canadian diversified financial services company operating in Asset Management and Financial Advisory. Guardian provides investment management services, financial advisory services, retail distribution of mutual funds, insurance, and general corporate services. "
target: ModernAdvisor
Vancouver-based ModernAdvisor is a digital investment management company. ModernAdvisor uses technology to help advisors bring Canadians intelligent investing options, allowing them to reach their investment goals through transparent, unbiased, and cost-effective investment management services.
announced 10/9/2020 via Market Watch
TP ICAP, will acquire Liquidnet, Inc.
synopsis: UK-based TP ICAP PLC will acquire Liquidnet Holdings Inc., an electronic trading network. The acquisition of Liquidnet is a transformational deal that will diversify TC ICAP's business mix and contribute to boosting revenue growth and underlying operating margin.
buyer: TP ICAP (LSE:TCAP:$2,398.01)
Headquartered in London, TP ICAP is a global firm of professional intermediaries that plays a pivotal role in the world's financial, energy, and commodities markets. TP ICAP provides comprehensive analysis and insight into market conditions and long-term trends. "
target: Liquidnet, Inc.
Liquidnet is a technology-driven, global institutional investment network, connecting the world's investors to the world's investments. Its network spans 45 markets and connects institutional brokers, investment banks, exchanges, alternative trading venues, and data and research providers.
10.9x
closed 1/24/2020 via PE Hub
Purpose Advisor Solutions, acquired Wealthsimple
synopsis: Purpose Advisor Solutions, a new financial services company focused on creating the tools, services and support to help financial advisors build their own business, has acquired Wealthsimple, an online investment manager that builds a personal, low-cost portfolio for user.
buyer: Purpose Advisor Solutions
Purpose Advisor Solutions is a new financial services company focused on creating the tools, services and support to help financial advisors build their own business. Their team is passionate about helping advisors and is building a new business model to provide what they need to thrive and succeed."
target: Wealthsimple
Wealthsimple is an online investment manager that builds a personal, low-cost portfolio for user. They are on a mission to bring smarter financial services to everybody, regardless of age or net worth.
VinaCapital Investment Management, acquired Smartly Pte Ltd
synopsis: VinaCapital, one of Vietnam's leading investment management and real estate development firms, has acquired Smartly, a Singapore-based, financial technology company building a new-generation robo-advisor, providing a digital wealth management platform to retail investors.
buyer: VinaCapital Investment Management
Founded in 2003, VinaCapital is one of Vietnam's leading investment management and real estate development firms, with a diversified portfolio of USD1.8 billion in assets under management. "
target: Smartly Pte Ltd
Smartly is a Singapore-based, financial technology company building a new-generation robo-advisor, providing a digital wealth management platform to retail investors.
announced 7/8/2016 via PR Newswire
Legg Mason, Inc., will acquire Financial Guard
synopsis: Legg Mason, Inc. announced that it has agreed to acquire an 82% majority equity interest in Financial Guard LLC, an online Registered Investment Advisor and innovative technology-enabled wealth management and investment advice platform. The firm will operate as part of Legg Mason's alternative distribution strategies business.
buyer: Legg Mason, Inc. (LM:$2,660.84)
Legg Mason is a global asset management firm that provides active asset management in many major investment centers throughout the world. "
target: Financial Guard
Financial Guard is a leading online investment advisor providing simple, professional and transparent investment advice through its interactive website. Financial Guard's technology allows investors to create a unique profile and view all of their investments in one place
announced 8/26/2015 via BusinessWire
BlackRock, Inc., will acquire FutureAdvisor
synopsis: BlackRock, Inc. has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire FutureAdvisor, a leader in digital wealth management. FutureAdvisor will operate as a business within the firm's investment and risk management platform. They will provide financial institutions with technology-enabled advice capabilities to improve clients' investment experience.
buyer: BlackRock, Inc. (BLK:$13,880.00)
BlackRock is a global leader in investment management, risk management and advisory services for institutional and retail clients. They help clients around the world meet their goals and overcome challenges with a range of products that include separate accounts, mutual funds, iShares®, and more. "
target: FutureAdvisor
FutureAdvisor is an award-winning investment advisory firm that manages existing IRA, Roth, taxable accounts, and other investment accounts. They automatically monitor, rebalance, and tax-manage clients' current investments, adding low-fee index funds where necessary to bolster portfolios.
Capiton AG, will acquire Gemaco N.V.
synopsis: Capiton has entered into an agreement on the acquisition of a majority stake in Gemaco Group with the current majority shareholder Saffelberg Investments. Gemaco Group based with its headquarters in Mechelen, Belgium is a leading provider of full-service merchandising and promotional marketing solutions for global industry.
buyer: Capiton AG
Capiton is an owner-managed financial investor that invests in large SMEs in Germany, Austria and Switzerland by means of MBOs and expansion financing. capiton's roots go back to the late 1970s. "
target parent: Saffelberg Investments
target: Gemaco N.V.
Gemaco Group based with its headquarters in Mechelen, Belgium is a leading provider of full-service merchandising and promotional marketing solutions for global industry and fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) customers. The Group has 13 locations worldwide.
closed 12/8/2005 via BusinessWire
eLocalAccess, LLC merged with TradeMaven Group LLC,
synopsis: TradeMaven LLC and eLocal today jointly announced they have merged the two firms to form TradeMaven Group LLC (TMG). The merger is one of the most significant in the online trading industry, combining TradeMaven's leading technology for online trading with eLocal's exceptional retail and institutional execution and brokerage services.
buyer: TradeMaven Group LLC
TradeMaven was founded with the mission of providing high-performance and cost-effective trading software for experienced and new traders. TM is used by Futures, Forex & Bond Traders worldwide. "
target: eLocalAccess, LLC
eLOCAL was established and registered with the NFA and CFTC in July 2000 culminating in the merger of two large independent local clearing firms at the Chicago Board of Trade.
Technische Werke Ludwigshafen AG, acquired WEBfactory GmbH
synopsis: Fidura Private Equity Fonds has sold their majority stake in the software company WEBfactory GmbH in Buchen (Odenwald) successfully to Technische Werke Ludwigshafen AG (TWL). WEBFactory provides standard software for the surveillance and control of machines and industrial systems and for the online analysis and assessment of production data.
buyer: Technische Werke Ludwigshafen AG
Technische Werke Ludwigshafen AG (TWL) is a local utility company based in Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany. TWL has for over 100 years supplied the city of Ludwigshafen with electricity, gas, refrigeration, water and district heating. "
target parent: Fidura Private Equity Fonds
target: WEBfactory GmbH
WEBfactory GmbH, headquartered in Baden-Württemberg, Buchen, provides standard software for the surveillance and control of machines and industrial systems and for the online analysis and assessment of production data.
closed 11/28/2016 via Market Wire
N. Harris Computer Corporation, acquired iMDsoft
synopsis: Constellation Software Inc., announced its wholly-owned subsidiary N. Harris Computer Corporation has acquired all of the shares of I.M.D. Soft Limited a leading international clinical information systems software provider.
buyer parent: Constellation Software, Inc.
buyer: N. Harris Computer Corporation
Harris has focused on providing feature-rich and robust turnkey solutions to Public Sector, Schools, Utility, and Health Care agencies throughout North America. Harris' focus is on creating long-term relationships with its customers and ensuring that it meets the changing needs of its customers. "
target parent: TPG Capital
target: iMDsoft
iMDsoft is a leading provider of proven clinical information systems worldwide. The Company's products are designed to enhance quality of care for critically ill patients and improve financial performance for healthcare providers.
closed 7/9/2012 via PR Newswire
MetrixLab, acquired MarketTools Inc.
synopsis: MetrixLab, a global provider of online consumer research services, announced that it has acquired MarketTools Research Solutions Inc., a leader in services and software for market research, from TPG Growth. MarketTools is known for pioneering some of the first research technologies on the Internet.
buyer: MetrixLab
MetrixLab is a fast-growing global provider of online consumer research services. Its solutions are employed by over half of the Top 100 Global Brands such as Microsoft, Philips, Google and Heineken. The company is headquartered in Rotterdam, The Netherlands. "
target: MarketTools Inc.
MarketTools is the leading provider of services and software for market research. Through the use of advanced respondent engagement techniques and comprehensive analytic tools, MarketTools helps clients innovate, optimize and execute programs that deliver high-value business impact.
closed 1/28/2021 via Yahoo, Inc.
Martin Wolf LLC, acquired IT ExchangeNet
See 1 Comparable Transactions
synopsis: martinwolf M&A Advisors - a leading M&A Advisory firm exclusively focusing on middle-market IT Services, Solution Provider and Software companies - announced the acquisition of IT ExchangeNet (ITX), a leader in facilitating smaller mid-market IT M&A transactions.
buyer: Martin Wolf LLC
Headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona with an office in New York, martin wolf is a leading M & A Advisory focused on middle market companies in the IT Services, IT Supply Chain, and Software space. "
target: IT ExchangeNet
Founded in 1998 by technology CEOs and M & A professionals, and headquartered in Cleveland, Ohio, IT ExchangeNet (ITX) is an organized and efficient marketplace for owners of small mid-market IT businesses seeking buyers or strategic partners.
RMRM Holdings, Sound Point Capital Management, will acquire Relativity Media, LLC
synopsis: Relativity Media has agreed to sell all of its assets to UltraV Holdings LLC, a joint venture among funds managed by Sound Point Capital Management and RMRM Holdings. Relativity Media operates a portfolio of major studio quality film assets with the capabilities and infrastructure to produce and distribute high caliber, original content.
buyer: RMRM Holdings
buyer: Sound Point Capital Management
UltraV Holdings LLC is a joint venture among funds managed by Sound Point Capital Management, a New York-based asset management firm with approximately $17 billion of assets under management, and RMRM Holdings, which is led by David Robbins, Lex Miron and Larry Robbins. "
target: Relativity Media, LLC
Relativity Media operates a portfolio of major studio quality film assets with the capabilities and infrastructure to produce and distribute high caliber, original content. They are engaged in the production and distribution of movies, television, fashion, sports, digital and music.
SilverLake, will acquire Weld North Education
synopsis: Silver Lake, the global leader in technology investing, announced that it will acquire a majority stake in Weld North Education (WNE), a leading digital education technology company focused on developing digital curriculum and tools for preK-12th grade, from KKR.
buyer: SilverLake
Silver Lake is the global leader in technology investing, with about $39 billion in combined assets under management and committed capital and a team of approximately 100 investment and value creation professionals located in Silicon Valley, New York, London, Hong Kong and Tokyo. "
target parent: Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co.
target: Weld North Education
Weld North Education operates a platform of digital and SaaS educational solution businesses and makes control investments in high potential businesses in the education industry.
announced 5/15/2009 via AP - Associated Press
Nordnet Bank AB, will acquire eQ Corporation
synopsis: Nordnet Bank AB has signed an agreement to acquire 100% of the shares in the Finnish company eQ, from Straumur Burdaras Investment Bank hf. eQ, the largest online-broker in Finland, has about 57 000 customer and the group specializes in investment services through three business areas; Securities Brokerage, Asset Management and Corporate Finance.
buyer: Nordnet Bank AB
The Nordnet Group provides user-friendly and cost efficient services to private investors and companies within share trading, mutual fund investments and pension savings plans. The holding company, Nordnet AB (plc), is listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. "
target parent: Straumur Burdaras Investment Bank, hf.
target: eQ Corporation
eQ, the largest online-broker in Finland, has about 57,000 customers and the group specializes in investment services through three business areas; Securities Brokerage, Asset Management and Corporate Finance.
Boubyan Petrochemical Company, will acquire Educational Holding Group
synopsis: Boubyan Petrochemicals, the first private-sector company in Kuwait that invested in the government-controlled petrochemical sector, is to acquire majority stake in Educational Holding Group, the first private educational investments organization in Kuwait. Boubyan Petrochemicals is looking to buy 32.8% stake and currently hold 21.12% stake.
buyer: Boubyan Petrochemical Company (KWSE:BPCC:$93.42)
Boubyan Petrochemical Company K.S.C., a Kuwaiti shareholding company listed on the Kuwait Stock Exchange, is the first private-sector company in Kuwait that invested in the government-controlled petrochemical sector. The company was established on February 12, 1995 "
target: Educational Holding Group (KWSE:EDU:$38.04)
Founded in 1982, Educational Holding Group was the first private educational investments organization in Kuwait. The group has grown manifold with a portfolio that covers the entire educational life-cycle, ranging from K-12, tertiary education and vocational training and development.
Republic.co, acquired NextSeed Services LLC
synopsis: New York-based Republic, missioned to democratize investing has announced the acquisition of local business investment platform, NextSeed. NextSeed aims to connect businesses and individual investors to build vibrant communities across America. The firm has facilitated over $20mn in investments from 25,000 members into 75 local businesses.
buyer: Republic.co
Republic is an open investment platform. People can choose from privately-held companies they believe in and can connect with their success as they fuel their growth. Republic is an investment platform where everyone can invest as little as $10 in innovative startups and ICOs. "
target: NextSeed Services LLC
NextSeed is on a mission to connect businesses and individual investors to build vibrant communities across America. On the NextSeed platform, thriving local businesses can raise capital from the general public, and in turn, anybody can now invest in small businesses in their own backyard.
Dynata, will acquire Reimagine Holdings Group
synopsis: Dynata, a global leader in first-party data and data services, announces it has reached an agreement to acquire Reimagine Holdings Group, a global leader in data creation and technology-enabled business intelligence headquartered in Westport, Connecticut.
buyer parent: Court Square Capital Partners
buyer: Dynata
Dynata is the premier global provider of data solutions and technology for consumer and B2B survey research. Dynata reaches participants in 90+ sample countries via internet, telephone, mobile/wireless and mixed-access offerings. "
target: Reimagine Holdings Group
Reimagine is a global leader in data creation for business intelligence, and has redefined the insights industry by acquiring and investing in growth-oriented, technology-enabled service companies.
Valuesetters, will be merged with Netcapital
synopsis: ValueSetters, a publicly-traded boutique advisory firm with unique expertise in helping private companies raise capital over the internet, is to merge with Netcapital, a private securities platform that connects investors to entrepreneurs to help private companies grow.
buyer: Valuesetters (OTCPK:VSTR:$1.75)
Led by a team of professional investors, digital marketing experts, and technology specialists, ValueSetters is a publicly-traded boutique advisory firm with unique expertise in helping private companies raise capital over the internet. "
target: Netcapital
Netcapital is a private securities platform that connects investors to entrepreneurs to help private companies grow. Netcapital operates an investment portal that enables investors to set up an account online, browse information on private companies offering securities on the platform, and invest.
Ticker: ICSE:KVIKA
Kvika banki hf
Kvika Banki is a specialized bank focusing on asset management and investment services. Voted as Best Bank in Iceland in 2018 & 2019 by The Banker. They place emphasis on developing long term partnerships with clients through responsive and versatile services.
Ticker: NYSE:APO
Apollo Global Management, LLC and its subsidiaries is a leading global alternative investment manager. They are contrarian, value-oriented investors in private equity, credit and real estate, with significant distressed expertise.
Ticker: BOVESPA:BPAC3
BTG Pactual
BTG Pactual is a global investment bank, asset manager, and wealth manager with a dominant franchise in Latin America. BTG Pactual provides a range of financial services to a global client base that includes corporations, institutional investors, governments and high net worth individuals.
Ticker: TSXV:PTF
Pender Growth Fund Inc.
Pender's objective is to achieve long-term capital appreciation for its investors. The Company utilizes its small capital base and long-term horizon to invest in unique situations, primarily small cap, special situations, and illiquid public and private companies.
Ticker: LSE:MNG
M&G plc
M&G is an international savings and investment business. M&G serves customers through two brands: M&G Investments - an asset manager; and Prudential which manages long-term savings, investments and retirement solutions. M&G manages investments for both individuals and large institutional investors.
Ticker: LM
Legg Mason, Inc.
Legg Mason is a global asset management firm that provides active asset management in many major investment centers throughout the world.
Ticker: SWX:PGHN
Partners Group Holding AG
Partners Group is a global private markets investment manager, serving over 900 institutional investors worldwide. They have USD 66 billion in assets under management and more than 950 professionals across 19 offices worldwide.
Ticker: ASX:AMP
AMP Limited
AMP is the leading independent wealth management company in Australia and New Zealand. AMP has the largest financial advice network in Australia and New Zealand with more than 4,400 aligned and employed financial advisers. They manage more than $215 billion in assets for their customers.
Ticker: BEN
Franklin Templeton Investments
Franklin Resources is a global investment management organization operating, together with its subsidiaries, as Franklin Templeton. Through specialized teams, the company has expertise across all asset classes, including equity, fixed income, alternatives, and custom multi-asset solutions.
Ticker: IVZ
Invesco Ltd. is a leading independent global investment management firm, dedicated to helping investors worldwide achieve their financial objectives. Invesco provides a wide range of investment strategies and vehicles to their clients around the world.
Ticker: LSE:ABDN
abrdn
abrdn is a UK-based asset manager. abrdn empowers their clients to plan, save and invest for their futures. They help individuals and institutions to manage their investments and enables them to become better investors.
Ticker: XP
XP Inc.
XP Inc. is a technology-driven financial services platform and a trusted provider of low-fee financial products and services in Brazil. XP provides financial advisory services for retail clients in Brazil, high-net-worth clients, international clients and corporate and institutional clients.
Ticker: DSECF
Daiwa Securities Group Inc.
Daiwa Securities Group offers traditional and online securities brokerage to individuals and businesses through its Daiwa Securities Co. subsidiary. Daiwa Securities SMBC offers investment banking services, mostly to domestic companies and Japan-based multinationals.
($19,147.00)
Ticker:
EXOR N.V.
Exor N.V. invests in different sectors, mainly in Europe and in the United States, focusing on few global companies. Its most important investments include Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, Ferrari, PartnerRe, CNH Industrial, Juventus and The Economist.
Ticker: MS
Morgan Stanley is a leading global financial services firm providing investment banking, securities, wealth management and investment management services. With offices in more than 43 countries, the Firm's employees serve clients worldwide including corporations, governments and individuals.
29b984ec-b3e2-4f89-85f6-a1820532e670


Provides a method to allocate memory for a new Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) function body.
The IMethodMalloc interface is a simple memory allocator. It allows you to allocate memory, but not to free it.
Alloc Method Attempts to allocate a specified amount of memory for a new MSIL function body.
Each allocator is module-specific and ensures that the function body will be at a positive offset from the base of the module. Memory above the base of a module can be precious, so the allocator should be used to allocate memory only for a function body.


text:
What do we mean by "Target Organism" in Target Malaria's gene drive research?
Posted 27th July 2022 by Dr. John Connolly
I'm delighted to share a new paper that was published last week in Trends in Biotechnology, co-authored by Target Malaria team members, external experts in genetically modified organism (GMO) risk assessment and myself. The paper explores the implications of using gene drive in a 'species complex' such as An. gambiae s.l. Because species within the complex are closely related genetically, they can still successfully mate with each other to produce fertile offspring or 'hybrids', albeit at low frequencies. This means that release of gene drive in one species of the complex could lead to transfer of that gene drive to other sibling species via hybridisation. That creates choices about what we might consider to be the 'target organism' of our gene drive.
Target Malaria is researching the use of the gene drive technology as a tool to modify mosquitoes to reduce the transmission of malaria by targeting An. gambiae s.l., a complex of at least nine species; six of which are known to be substantial transmitters, or vectors, of malaria in Africa.
Gene drives share many environmental risk assessment (ERA) considerations as other genetic modifications but they can differ significantly in their potential to spread, increase in frequency, and persist in target populations. Unlike other genetic modifications, gene drives have the ability to cause a selected trait to spread rapidly through a species.
Mosquitoes in our insectary in Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
In the wild and in laboratory settings, sibling mosquito species can successfully mate to produce viable offspring, regardless of whether they are vectors or not. Importantly, females, but not males, of these offspring can be fertile. Nonetheless, the likelihood of finding such hybrid mosquitoes in field samples varies greatly between different combinations of species.
According to some field studies, typically, only about 0.1% of mosquito collected in the wild could be An. gambiae s.s./An. coluzzii hybrids. In addition, some species that do not overlap geographically, and therefore would not come into direct contact, cannot produce hybrids in the field. This includes An. melas, which is found along the coast of West Africa, and An. bwambae, which is restricted to hot springs in the Toro District of Uganda.
This means that the gene drive could eventually transfer to all sibling species of the complex, both by direct hybridisation between geographically-overlapping species and, indirectly, by transferring from one species to another overlapping ones like stepping-stones until the gene drive was transferred to all species of the complex, including to the likes of An. melas and An. bwambae.
So all of this leads to the following questions:
What species would we targeting with our gene drive?
From a mechanistic point of view, would we say the gene drive would target all members of the An. gambiae s.l. species complex, whether vectors or non-vectors?
From an intentional point of view, what species would we be targeting with the gene drive? Only vectors? Or non-vectors too?
Or given some of the uncertainties of transfer of gene drive to other sibling species, would we be targeting just the species that we have released that contain the gene drive?
In other words, what is the Target Organism?
This is an important concept to resolve for any ERA, including for our gene drives. Once we define what we mean by Target Organism, this would then establish what we mean by Non-Target Organisms, which would be species that are not direct targets of the gene drive. These definitions would form the basis of how we could evaluate potential efficacy of the gene drive versus potential harm from the gene drive.
Using our doublesex-based gene drive as a specific case study, we worked with a number of GMO risk assessment experts over the last year to develop four options on defining Target Organisms for gene drives in species complexes.
One of these options involves the proposal of the new concept of 'Target Species Complex (TSC)' in order to accommodate the unusual 'porous' species boundaries found in the An. gambiae s.l species complex that all for hybridisation.
Here, the TSC itself could be considered as the 'functional biological entity' that is the vector of disease transmission – not individual species – and thus this TSC could simultaneously be considered as both the intentional and mechanistic target of the gene drive.
Applying such nuanced thinking to the assessment of gene drive in species complexes should strengthen our understanding of any potential risks from the potential use of gene drive in the field, and itself represents a step forward on the path to development of novel malaria vector control tools.
Dr. John Connolly
Senior Regulatory Science Officer, Imperial College London
Target Malaria
Posted 27th January 2023 by Professor Austin Burt
"Swarm" – a sonification of the 2016 cage trials by Imperial College London
Posted 18th January 2023 by Jamie Perera
What role do malaria mosquitoes play in their ecosystem?
Posted 11th January 2023 by Thomas Gyimah
COP15 delegates adopt the new Global Biodiversity Framework
Posted 6th January 2023 by Dr. Samantha O'Loughlin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Isaac Copeland's college career ended prematurely on Saturday in a defeat to the Ohio State Buckeyes. It came during a dead ball situation. On the second possession of the second half, Copeland went to dunk the ball after the play was whistled dead on a travelling call. He fell down from the rim, slamming his knee into the hardwood. Before he limped off the floor, he had scored 8 points.
The fifth year senior battled through back problems at Georgetown before finding a new home with the Huskers, transferring to Nebraska back in January of 2017. Copeland was the only five star recruit to ever play for the Nebraska basketball program.
On the season, Copeland averaged 14 points and 5.4 rebounds per game.


text:
In der Schachweltmeisterschaft 1963 löste Tigran Petrosjan durch einen Wettkampfsieg gegen Michail Botwinnik diesen als Schachweltmeister ab.

Kandidatenturnier

Petrosjan hatte sich durch einen Sieg beim Kandidatenturnier 1962 Curaçao dafür qualifiziert, den Weltmeister in einem Match herauszufordern. Das Kandidatenturnier wurde mit acht Teilnehmern ausgetragen, von denen Tal und Keres gesetzt waren und sich Fischer, Geller, Petrosjan, Kortschnoi, Filip, Benkő beim Interzonenturnier Stockholm 1962 qualifiziert hatten. Jeder Teilnehmer musste viermal gegen jeden anderen antreten. Petrosjan siegte mit 17,5 Punkten aus 28 Partien vor Keres und Geller mit je 17 Punkten. Die drei Erstplatzierten führten ihre Partien untereinander alle relativ schnell zu Remisen, was nach dem Turnier von Fischer als "unfaire Absprache" scharf kritisiert wurde.

Weltmeisterschaftskampf

Der Wettkampf um die Weltmeisterschaft war auf 24 Partien angesetzt. Bei einem Gleichstand nach 24 Partien hätte Botwinnik seinen Weltmeistertitel behalten. Das Match fand von 23. März 1963 bis 20. Mai 1963 in Moskau statt. Schiedsrichter waren Gideon Ståhlberg und Harry Golombek. Als Sekundanten Petrosjans fungierten Isaak Boleslawski und Alexei Suetin.

Botwinnik gewann die erste Partie mit Schwarz, da Petrosjan als Weißer in der Karlsbader Struktur zu passiv spielte und in einen Angriff geriet. Petrosjan glich in der fünften Partie aus und ging in der siebten Partie in Führung. Es folgten sechs Remisen, bis Botwinnik in der vierzehnten Partie ausglich. Unmittelbar danach gewann aber Petrosjan die fünfzehnte Partie und danach noch die achtzehnte und die neunzehnte, wonach Botwinnik keinen Versuch mehr unternahm, das Match noch umzudrehen.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Schachweltmeisterschaft 1963
! !!01!!02!!03!!04!!05!!06!!07!!08!!09!!10!!11!!12!!13!!14!!15!!16!!17!!18!!19!!20!!21!!22!!Summe
|-
|align=left|Michail Botwinnik (UdSSR)||style="background:black;color:white"|1||½||style="background:black;color:white"|½||½||style="background:black;color:white"|0||½||style="background:black;color:white"|0||½||style="background:black;color:white"|½||½||style="background:black;color:white"|½||½||style="background:black;color:white"|½||1||style="background:black;color:white"|0||½||style="background:black;color:white"|½||0||style="background:black;color:white"|0||½||style="background:black;color:white"|½||½||9½
|-
|align=left|Tigran Petrosjan (UdSSR)||0||style="background:black;color:white"|½||½||style="background:black;color:white"|½||1||style="background:black;color:white"|½||1||style="background:black;color:white"|½||½||style="background:black;color:white"|½||½||style="background:black;color:white"|½||½||style="background:black;color:white"|0||1||style="background:black;color:white"|½||½||style="background:black;color:white"|1||1||style="background:black;color:white"|½||½||style="background:black;color:white"|½||12½
|}

Partien

1. Partie

 Petrosjan–Botwinnik 0:1
 Moskau, 23. März 1963
 Nimzowitsch-Indische Verteidigung, E34
 1. d4 Sf6 2. c4 e6 3. Sc3 Lb4 4. Dc2 d5 5. cxd5 exd5 6. Lg5 h6 7. Lxf6 Dxf6 8. a3 Lxc3+ 9. Dxc3 c6 10. e3 0-0 11. Se2 Te8 12. Sg3 g6 13. f3 h5 14. Le2 Sd7 15. Kf2 h4 16. Sf1 Sf8 17. Sd2 Te7 18. The1 Lf5 19. h3 Tae8 20. Sf1 Se6 21. Dd2 Sg7 22. Tad1 Sh5 23. Tc1 Dd6 24. Tc3 Sg3 25. Kg1 Sh5 26. Ld1 Te6 27. Df2 De7 28. Lb3 g5 29. Ld1 Lg6 30. g4 hxg3 31. Sxg3 Sf4 32. Dh2 c5 33. Dd2 c4 34. La4 b5 35. Lc2 Sxh3+ 36. Kf1 Df6 37. Kg2 Sf4+ 38. exf4 Txe1 39. fxg5 De6 40. f4 Te2+ 0:1

5. Partie

 Petrosjan–Botwinnik 1:0
 Moskau, 1. April 1963
 Grünfeld-Indische Verteidigung, D94
 1. c4 g6 2. d4 Sf6 3. Sc3 d5 4. Sf3 Lg7 5. e3 0-0 6. Le2 dxc4 7. Lxc4 c5 8. d5 e6 9. dxe6 Dxd1+ 10. Kxd1 Lxe6 11. Lxe6 fxe6 12. Ke2 Sc6 13. Td1 Tad8 14. Txd8 Txd8 15. Sg5 Te8 16. Sge4 Sxe4 17. Sxe4 b6 18. Tb1 Sb4 19. Ld2 Sd5 20. a4 Tc8 21. b3 Lf8 22. Tc1 Le7 23. b4 c4 24. b5 Kf7 25. Lc3 La3 26. Tc2 Sxc3+ 27. Txc3 Lb4 28. Tc2 Ke7 29. Sd2 c3 30. Se4 La5 31. Kd3 Td8+ 32. Kc4 Td1 33. Sxc3 Th1 34. Se4 Txh2 35. Kd4 Kd7 36. g3 Lb4 37. Ke5 Th5+ 38. Kf6 Le7+ 39. Kg7 e5 40. Tc6 Th1 41. Kf7 Ta1 42. Te6 Ld8 43. Td6+ Kc8 44. Ke8 Lc7 45. Tc6 Td1 46. Sg5 Td8+ 47. Kf7 Td7+ 48. Kg8 1:0

7. Partie

 Petrosjan–Botwinnik 1:0
 Moskau, 6. April 1963
 Englische Eröffnung, A10
 1. c4 g6 2. Sf3 Lg7 3. Sc3 e5 4. g3 Se7 5. Lg2 0-0 6. d4 exd4 7. Sxd4 Sbc6 8. Sxc6 Sxc6 9. 0-0 d6 10. Ld2 Lg4 11. h3 Le6 12. b3 Dd7 13. Kh2 Tae8 14. Tc1 f5 15. Sd5 Kh8 16. Le3 Lg8 17. Dd2 Sd8 18. Tfd1 Se6 19. Sf4 Sxf4 20. Lxf4 Dc8 21. h4 Te7 22. Lf3 Lf7 23. Da5 Le8 24. c5 d5 25. Ld6 Dd7 26. Lxe7 Dxe7 27. Txd5 f4 28. Dd2 Lc6 29. Td3 Lb5 30. Td4 fxg3+ 31. fxg3 Lxd4 32. Dxd4+ Dg7 33. Dxg7+ Kxg7 34. Tc2 Te8 35. Kg2 Kf6 36. Kf2 Lc6 37. Lxc6 bxc6 38. Tc4 Ke5 39. Ta4 Ta8 40. Ta6 Kd5 41. b4 Kc4 42. a3 Kb5 43. Ta5+ Kc4 44. Ke3 a6 45. Kf4 Kd5 46. Kg5 Te8 47. Txa6 Txe2 48. Ta7 Te5+ 49. Kf4 Te7 50. Tb7 Ke6 51. a4 Kd7 52. Tb8 1:0

14. Partie

 Botwinnik–Petrosjan 1:0
 Moskau, 24. April 1963
 Abgelehntes Damengambit, D31
 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Sc3 Le7 4. cxd5 exd5 5. Lf4 c6 6. e3 Lf5 7. g4 Le6 8. h3 Sf6 9. Ld3 c5 10. Sf3 Sc6 11. Kf1 0-0 12. Kg2 cxd4 13. Sxd4 Sxd4 14. exd4 Sd7 15. Dc2 Sf6 16. f3 Tc8 17. Le5 Ld6 18. Tae1 Lxe5 19. Txe5 g6 20. Df2 Sd7 21. Te2 Sb6 22. The1 Sc4 23. Lxc4 Txc4 24. Td2 Te8 25. Te3 a6 26. b3 Tc6 27. Sa4 b6 28. Sb2 a5 29. Sd3 f6 30. h4 Lf7 31. Txe8+ Lxe8 32. De3 Lf7 33. g5 Le6 34. Sf4 Lf7 35. Sd3 Le6 36. gxf6 Dxf6 37. Dg5 Dxg5+ 38. hxg5 a4 39. bxa4 Tc4 40. a5 bxa5 41. Sc5 Lf5 42. Kg3 a4 43. Kf4 a3 44. Ke5 Tb4 45. Sd3 Tb5 46. Kd6 Kf7 47. Kc6 Lxd3 48. Txd3 Tb2 49. Txa3 Tg2 50. Kxd5 Txg5+ 51. Kc6 h5 52. d5 Tg2 53. d6 Tc2+ 54. Kd7 h4 55. f4 Tf2 56. Kc8 Txf4 57. Ta7+ 1:0

15. Partie

 Petrosjan–Botwinnik 1:0
 Moskau, 29. April 1963
 Grünfeld-Indische Verteidigung, D81
 1. d4 Sf6 2. c4 g6 3. Sc3 d5 4. Db3 dxc4 5. Dxc4 Lg7 6. e4 0-0 7. Le2 Sc6 8. Sf3 Sd7 9. Le3 Sb6 10. Dc5 Lg4 11. d5 Sd7 12. Da3 Lxf3 13. Lxf3 Sd4 14. 0-0-0 Sxf3 15. gxf3 Sb6 16. Db3 Dd7 17. h4 h5 18. f4 e6 19. dxe6 Dxe6 20. Dxe6 fxe6 21. Thg1 Kh7 22. Sb5 Tf7 23. Sd4 Te8 24. Sf3 Lh6 25. Sg5+ Lxg5 26. Txg5 Sc4 27. Tdg1 Tg8 28. Kc2 b6 29. b3 Sd6 30. f3 Td7 31. T5g2 Tdd8 32. a4 Sf7 33. Lc1 e5 34. Le3 exf4 35. Lxf4 Td7 36. Td2 Txd2+ 37. Kxd2 Td8+ 38. Ke2 c5 39. a5 Td7 40. axb6 axb6 41. Ta1 Kg7 42. Ta6 Tb7 43. Ta8 Kf6 44. Tc8 Se5 45. Ke3 Sd7 46. Tc6+ Kf7 47. e5 Sf8 48. Tf6+ Kg7 49. Ke4 b5 50. Tc6 Kf7 51. Txc5 Se6 52. Td5 Ke7 53. Le3 Tb8 54. Td6 b4 55. Ta6 Tb5 56. Ta7+ Ke8 57. f4 Kf8 58. f5 1:0

18. Partie

 Botwinnik–Petrosjan 0:1
 Moskau, 8. Mai 1963
 Abgelehntes Damengambit, D31
 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Sc3 Le7 4. cxd5 exd5 5. Lf4 c6 6. e3 Lf5 7. g4 Le6 8. h3 Sf6 9. Sf3 Sbd7 10. Ld3 Sb6 11. Dc2 Sc4 12. Kf1 Sd6 13. Sd2 Dc8 14. Kg2 Sd7 15. f3 g6 16. Tac1 Sb6 17. b3 Dd7 18. Se2 Sdc8 19. a4 a5 20. Lg3 Ld6 21. Sf4 Se7 22. Sf1 h5 23. Le2 h4 24. Lh2 g5 25. Sd3 Dc7 26. Dd2 Sd7 27. Lg1 Sg6 28. Lh2 Se7 29. Ld1 b6 30. Kg1 f6 31. e4 Lxh2+ 32. Dxh2 Dxh2+ 33. Txh2 Td8 34. Kf2 Kf7 35. Ke3 The8 36. Td2 Kg7 37. Kf2 dxe4 38. fxe4 Sf8 39. Se1 Sfg6 40. Sg2 Td7 41. Lc2 Lf7 42. Sfe3 c5 43. d5 Se5 44. Tf1 Lg6 45. Ke1 Sc8 46. Tdf2 Tf7 47. Kd2 Sd6 48. Sf5+ Lxf5 49. exf5 c4 50. Tb1 b5 51. b4 c3+ 52. Kxc3 Tc7+ 53. Kd2 Sec4+ 54. Kd1 Sa3 55. Tb2 Sdc4 56. Ta2 axb4 57. axb5 Sxb5 58. Ta6 Sc3+ 59. Kc1 Sxd5 60. La4 Tec8 61. Se1 Sf4 0:1

19. Partie

 Petrosjan–Botwinnik 1:0
 Moskau, 11. Mai 1963
 Damenindische Verteidigung, E19
 1. c4 Sf6 2. Sc3 e6 3. Sf3 b6 4. g3 Lb7 5. Lg2 Le7 6. 0-0 0-0 7. d4 Se4 8. Dc2 Sxc3 9. Dxc3 f5 10. b3 Lf6 11. Lb2 d6 12. Tad1 Sd7 13. Se1 Lxg2 14. Sxg2 Lg5 15. Dc2 Lh6 16. e4 f4 17. Se1 De7 18. e5 dxe5 19. dxe5 Tad8 20. De2 Dg5 21. Kg2 a5 22. Sf3 Dh5 23. La3 Tfe8 24. Td4 Sb8 25. Tfd1 Txd4 26. Txd4 fxg3 27. hxg3 Df7 28. De4 g6 29. Db7 Lg7 30. c5 bxc5 31. Lxc5 Sd7 32. Dxc7 Sxe5 33. Dxf7+ Sxf7 34. Ta4 Lc3 35. Tc4 Lf6 36. Lb6 Ta8 37. Ta4 Lc3 38. Ld4 Lb4 39. a3 Ld6 40. b4 Lc7 41. Lc3 Kf8 42. b5 Ke8 43. Tc4 Kd7 44. a4 Tc8 45. Sd2 Sd6 46. Td4 Ke7 47. Td3 Sb7 48. Se4 e5 49. Lb2 Lb6 50. La3+ Ke6 51. Sg5+ Kf5 52. Sxh7 e4 53. g4+ Kf4 54. Td7 Tc7 55. Txc7 Lxc7 56. Sf6 Ld8 57. Sd7 Kxg4 58. b6 Lg5 59. Sc5 Sxc5 60. Lxc5 Lf4 61. b7 Lb8 62. Le3 g5 63. Ld2 Kf5 64. Kh3 Ld6 65. Lxa5 g4+ 66. Kg2 1:0

Weblinks
 Schachweltmeisterschaft 1963 bei Chessgames

1963
Schachwettbewerb in der Sowjetunion
Schachwettbewerb in Moskau
Schachveranstaltung 1963

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Client Studies
Know The Score®
Compose to Lead®
Amplify Your Story
Do we recognise talent?
I love this story – it almost reduced me to tears first time I read it. Whilst it is was an experiment to explore peoples' taste, perceptions and priorities in a social context, for me there is a strong leadership parallel here. As leaders do we recognise our environment around us – do we understand, appreciate and value it? Do we look at people and make rapid assumptions? How much more is out there, in our teams that we just don't realise…what are we not grasping?
The story appeared in the Washington Post sometime in 2007. I have summarised it.
A busker on a cold winter's morning sets up his spot in a Metro Station in Washington DC. He plays six Bach sonatas for 60 minutes. 2,000 people walk through, probably commuting to work. 3 minutes into the performance, a middle aged man notices a musician playing. He pauses a few seconds, then hurries on.
7 minutes into the performance the busker receives his first dollar – thrown into his hat, by a woman who doesn't stop.
Then a young guy stops and listens. Realises the time and moves on.
A while later, a young child stops, but his mother is in a hurry and drags him on. He stops again, but the mother really is in a rush and pulls the child along – the child keeps looking back. This happens several times with other children and parents – without fail the parents walk on even though the kids are clearly captivated.
The busker played for 3/4 hour without stopping. Six people specifically stopped and listened, and 20 people gave some cash, but they continued walking. He earned $32.
He completed his performance after an hour. The normal hustle and bustle of the metro took over. There was no recognition, no thank you, no applause.
The violinist was Joshua Bell, one of the finest violin players on the planet.
The pieces he played were incredibly ornate and he played them masterfully. His instrument was worth about $3m. He had performed a concert just days before selling out the venue at an average of $100 per seat.
What are we missing? What are we not seeing or hearing because we are wrapped up in our processes, routines, and our own worlds? Try walking past a busker now?!
Click here to hear the performance: Joshua plays Bach in the DC Metro
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The buildup to watching your football team play can be as intense as it is exciting. It doesn't matter if you've watched dozens of games or just a few, whether you're young or old.
That's the sensation the two fans feel in this video as we see a little girl and life-long fan rush to make their way to a football match at the 2016 UEFA European Championship. But, typically, they get stuck in a traffic jam, a nightmare situation when you're striving to get to the game before kick-off.
No fan wants to miss the start of an important game, especially one that's part of an international tournament.
Fortunately no less than Cristiano Ronaldo delays the start of the match, waiting for the arrival of the two late fans before he lets the ref blow the opening whistle. The little girl even gets a wave from the Portuguese megastar (what a nice guy he is).
Not everyone is going to be that lucky though when it comes to watching the football in EURO 2016, but fans are certainly going be able to enjoy the matches with like-minded devotees of the beautiful game.
For UEFA EURO 2016 Hyundai have created an online hub, the Hyundai Fan Park, where fans can get involved through games, news and competitions. They could also be in with the chance of winning a Hyundai i20 car between June 1st and July 10th 2016.
Not only that but Hyundai are also creating some fan parks in the offline world too, where fans can get together and enjoy the experience of EURO 2016 on a big screen. There will be one in the Czech Republic and one in London.


Will the Commodity Market be Rescued by India?
The Indian economy will be the fastest growing this year and could eventually be the salvation for both the commodity market and Norway.
In 1990, India was richer than China. Today, however, GDP per capita is five times higher in China.
However, India is leading in some areas. The country has a higher fertility rate, and is expected to take over the title as the world's most populous nation in 2028.
The development in the oil price over time reflects the tug of war between human ingenuity and an increasingly challenging geology.
Raw materials can be divided into two groups - food and all other resources, such as crude oil and copper.
Food is a classic example of a renewable resource. Constantly improving technology has in the past century led to a systematic decline in the inflation-adjusted food prices.
The refugee crisis is now turning upside down on the demographic map of Europe. This will create opportunities in several industries including property.
The German population reached a peak of 82.5 million around year 2000 and then entered into a long term decline. The fall was driven by low fertility and was expected to last until the sun goes out.
The population growth in Germany excluding immigration is at minus 0.3 percent per year.
What a summer in commercial property!
2015 has started well for brokers of commercial property. The trading volume is up around 50 percent in the first half of the year in Scandinavia compared to the same period last year.
Stocks and currencies in emerging markets have been hammered this summer. The same applies for the commodity market. The past week Wall Street has also gotten caught in the downdraught.
The Chinese summer has been scorching hot, and has offered a stock market crash and poor macroeconomic figures. Recently, the rigid fixed exchange regime has also been softened up, which has resulted in a drop in the currency of a few percent. Many fear that this is just the beginning.


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Effects of Cumulative Cattle Trampling on Soil Bulk Density and Infiltration of Rain Water on an Annual Forage Crop Pasture
Funds awarded in 2018: $9,001.00
Grant Recipient: Texas Tech University
Kathryn Radicke
Dr. Charles West
Combining row crops and small-grain pastures to feed stocker calves and cow/calf pairs is becoming more common as a way to offset declining income from row crops alone. Grazing of annual crops induces concern in that cattle may degrade soil by trampling vegetation and compacting the surface by their hoof traffic. Lull (1959) estimated that mature cattle exerted about 24 pounds per square inch of static ground pressure. The potential for compaction damage is exacerbated on bare ground where there is no vegetation to absorb the pressure. Tilling and crop production expose soil to wind and water erosion, compaction, and decrease aggregate stability. Aggregate stability aids in erosion resistance (Fattet et al., 2011), facilitates root penetration (Fattet et al., 2011), increases soil aeration (Oades, 1984), and is critical in water infiltration (Franzluebbers, 2002) and retention (Saha and Kukal, 2013), especially in dryland agricultural systems. There are increasing conservation efforts to reduce erosion and increase aggregate stability by establishing stands that provide superior ground cover. In no-till areas, compaction by cattle trampling could reduce the success of stand establishment in the next cropping season. If producers implement conservation tillage methods such as no-till to reduce erosion, is there a cumulative effect on soil bulk density from trampling?
Texas High Plains agriculture largely depends on underground water from the Ogallala Aquifer for irrigation, wherein the consumption of this irrigation water is much faster than the aquifer's recharge ability (Johnson et al., 2013). By converting portions of irrigated cropping systems to limited-irrigation small grain pastures for beef cattle, it can possibly prolong the life of the aquifer, as well as provide an additional source of income for an existing farm operation, when compared with a continuous monoculture of cotton in their production systems (Allen et al., 2005, 2012). High-intensity hoof action increases compaction, resulting in less infiltration and high bulk densities (Warren et al., 1986). Soil compaction severely limits infiltration of rain and, therefore, decreases the productivity of plants growing in the soil (Haveren, 1983; Gifford et al., 1977). The grazing of annual forages with conservation tillage efforts has raised concerns with soil compaction issues in annual systems. Grazing can enhance soil bulk densities, especially in previously tilled farmland. However, water infiltration rates can be sustained with proper grazing management practices, helping maintain adequate ground cover (Bisinger et al., 2015), as well as deferment of grazing to allow the soil to recover from grazing bouts.
This field experiment is testing the effects of trampling intermittently for an entire grazing season (May-August) by cattle on surface-soil compaction and bulk density, and on seedling establishment over time in no-till scenarios compared to a no-trampled control (ungrazed) plots which are also no-till. The seeding of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is being executed over 2 consecutive years (2018, 2019) on irrigated cropland. The study in 2018 was carried out at moderately heavy stocking densities to achieve a high consumption rate of vegetation and potentially compact the soil on approximately three, 2-acre paddocks. The pastures were used once a month alongside another grazing trial to give perennial grass systems a rest from the months of June until September. The last heavy grazing bout had doubled the stocking rates, and vegetation was consumed to a similar level of residual forage to that which was left previously. The aim is to determine if there is a cumulative effect of grazing when soil conservation efforts are implemented, such as no-till. The current practice of moderate to heavy grazing densities of stocker cattle on small grains through summer months is being simulated.
Data collection in the first year was taken after initial trampling, then every 60 days. Twenty soil cores, located along two permanent transects running perpendicular to each other, are being collected to determine the effects of trampling on remaining living plants, dead litter cover, and soil recovery from compaction until the next planting date, then repeated in the following year. After sufficient precipitation to induce emergence of the pearl millet, we will determine treatment effects (trampled by grazing vs. no grazing) on seedling emergence and relate those effects to soil bulk densities. Next to each bulk density core, a soil penetrometer reading will be taken. These readings will be conducted to compare compaction detection methods (bulk density and soil penetrometer) to determine which is most efficient for detecting compaction and their recovery rates. Conclusions of this study will be compiled into fact sheets which will be distributed to producers through the Texas Alliance for Water Conservation (TAWC) annual Water College, the Texas Tech and TAWC field days, and on social media.
Allen, V.G., et al. 2012. Integrating cotton and beef production in the Texas Southern High Plains.
Allen, V.G., et al. 2005. Integrating cotton and beef production to reduce water
withdrawal from the Ogallala aquifer in the Southern High Plains.
Bisinger, J. J., et al. 2014. Pasture size effects on the ability of off-stream water or restricted stream access to alter the spatial/temporal distribution of grazing beef cows.
Fattet et al., 2011. Effects of vegetation type on soil resistance to erosion: Relationship
between aggregate stability and shear strength.
Franzluebbers, A.J. 2002. Water infiltration and soil structure related to organic matter
and its stratification with depth.
Gifford, G. F. 1978. Hydrologic impact of grazing on infiltration: a critical review.
Haveren, B. P. 1983. Soil Bulk Density as Influenced by Grazing Intensity and Soil Type on a Shortgrass Prairie Site.
Johnson, P., J. et al. 2013. Integrating cotton and beef production in the Texas Southern High Plains: III. An economic evaluation.
Lull, 1959. Soil Compaction on Forest and Range Lands.
Oades, 1984. Soil organic matter and structural stability: mechanisms and implications
for management.
Saha and Kukal. 2015. Soil structural stability and water retention characteristics under
different land uses of degraded lower Himalayas of North-West India.
Objectives of this study are to quantify the effect of brief cattle trampling at moderate to heavy grazing densities on soil bulk density; to determine if cattle have a cumulative effect on soil bulk density in no-till systems; to quantify the amount of deferment time required for bulk densities to recover to acceptable levels; and to compare two methods of determining and monitoring soil compaction for deciding which of the two is most user-friendly and easiest for producers to use.
Kathryn Radicke (Researcher)
kathryn.radicke@ttu.edu
Graduate Research Assistant
Texas Tech University (Other college or university)
2802 15th Street Mail Stop 2122
Lubbock , TX 79409
Dr. Chuck West (Educator)
chuck.west@ttu.edu
Lubbock , TX
Accomplishments/Milestones
-Plot area was prepared in early March 2018 by:
-lightly disking to remove weeds.
-applying herbicide prior to planting to allow millet to outcompete pigweed.
-Pearl millet was planted in May 2018 and given time to establish.
-Grazing exclosures were placed in the center of each field for an untrampled control.
-Cattle intermittently grazed millet plots throughout June, July, and August.
-Stocking rates were doubled for the last grazing bout in September, and cattle were allowed to graze down residual forage as much as available.
-Two permanent transects were placed in each field running perpendicular to each other.
-20 soil samples were collected from the top 3 inches using 2 x 3 inch core sleeves, 10 evenly spaced along each transect. Initial samples were taken September 24th, 2018, then repeated every 60 days.
-5 soil samples using 3.5 x 7 cm core sleeves from each small grazing exclosure were taken to compare to the trampled treatment. Initial samples were taken September 24th, 2018, then repeated every 60 days.
-Penetrometer readings were taken next to each bulk-density core to a depth of 12 cm. The Field Scout penetrometer records resistance at 3, 6, 9, and 12 cm. (initial samples were taken September 24th, 2018, then repeated every 60 days)
-Soil samples are taken by tapping core sleeves into the ground using a board placed on top and a rubber mallet. Once the board lies flat across the soils surface, a shovel is used to dig the core sleeve from the soil profile. The soil is scraped from the bottom (so the soil is even within the core sleeve) wrapped with clear cellophane and taken to the laboratory for analysis.
-In the lab, cores are removed from their plastic wrap, dried at 105 degrees C for 48 hours and then weighed. Volumetric bulk density is then calculated using the dry weight of the soil divided by the volume of the core sleeve, and recorded in g-1 cm-3.
What is to come…
-Atrazine will be sprayed to prevent weeds in March 2019, and pearl millet will be no-till planted into the three paddocks.
-After germination and seedling emergence, seedling will be counted along the permanent transects using the Daubenmire frame method.
-Establishment and plant cover will be monitored along each transect in May, June, July, and August until treatments are applied.
-Once trampled, cattle will vacate plots, and soil sampling will continue.
Preliminary data for the first year show no difference between trampled and untrampled treatments in regard to soil bulk density. However, when examining individual soil bulk density cores along the transect, there was a slight increase in bulk density in areas that cattle utilized more heavily, namely, around water troughs and mineral tubs.
100 Curricula, factsheets or educational tools
1 Journal articles
2 On-farm demonstrations
3 Tours
2 Ag professionals participated
There have been no outreach programs yet. However, once data is analyzed for both this past year and the upcoming data collection year, the outcomes will be presented to TAWC producers and other TTU and TAWC outreach programs, as well as at professional society for agronomy symposiums.
The impact of this project is two-fold: Understanding the required deferment of grazing to mitigate compaction and re-establish the subsequent annual crops will be useful to help producers know how to improve soil health. It is also applicable to winter wheat pasture programs when wintering cows is lucrative during winter months. Since most producers have predominantly perennial warm-season species in their summer pastures, this could help reduce the cost of purchasing hay through the winter months while the grasses are dormant. Having a quick and objective way to identifying soil compaction risks in the field is crucial for sustainable management decisions, especially in no-tilled annual grain crop/livestock grazing production systems that help maintain proper watershed function and cropland vigor.


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Is raising the minimum wage really the best policy?
Written by Chery Glaser May. 22, 2015 Business & Economy
Workers rally for a higher wage. (Photo: Saul Gonzalez)
This week, LA city council voted almost unanimously to raise the city's minimum wage to $15 an hour by 2020. For labor activists, this was a big win. And for politicians, it signaled a commitment to getting workers out of poverty. Business owners disagreed. But surprisingly, some labor economists disagreed as well.
Is it possible that raising the minimum wage isn't actually the best path toward helping low-income workers? KCRW talked to David Neumark, Economics Professor and Director at the Center for Economics & Public Policy at the University of California, Irvine. Neumark said that it isn't the minimum wage that will help the close the income inequality gap, but more reliance on the Earned Income Tax Credit.
KCRW: When people think of Los Angeles and think about the industries that are here, the stuff that comes to mind might be entertainment,high tech media, perhaps aerospace; they're not the kind of businesses that many people associate with minimum wage workers. Do we have any idea how many minimum wage workers there are either in L.A. or in Southern California? And what kind of industries they work in?
DAVID NEUMARK: Like any big city, there's a lot of low wage jobs there's a lot of services that get done that we don't associate with L.A., because they kind of happen in every city: restaurants, hotels, child care, janitors, security guards — all those kind of things. I don't know the numbers for L.A. per se, but given how big L.A. is I always operate under the assumption it's pretty similar to the rest of the country.
Nationwide about five percent of workers are at the federal minimum. California state minimum is a bit higher, so it's probably a little bit higher. So if you talk about small raises in the minimum, like the president's been proposing, up to $10.10 you're not really affecting many workers. Obviously when you talk about what the city is doing, $13.25, $14, $15 or whatever they get to, estimates are often 20 to 30 percent range, which is sizable.
KCRW: A recent study out of U.C. Berkeley says that when you adjust for inflation the bottom 20 percent of workers in California has seen their wages drop 12 percent since 1979. It seems fairly clear that it's tougher for people in California and in L.A. to make ends meet on a minimum wage job than it used to be. Why is that? Is it that the wage hasn't gone up enough?
DN: Well let me let me let me break out two points you made, which I think often get folded together in the policy debate in an unfortunate way. First of all inequality has gotten worse, no question about it. The economy has shifted in a lot of ways: globalization, technological change; policy has shifted and the minimum wage hasn't gone up as much. And unions are weaker and the like. So people at the bottom are making less. So it's certainly the case that the world has sort of gotten better for people with a lot of skills and worse for people with very low skills. And in a sense that's the only reason we're having this discussion. I think inequality has gone up, the president, to his credit is talking about it, and there's a lot of debate about what to do about it. Some people don't think it's a problem the government to get involved with but you know as long as you think government has a role to play then asking what we can do makes a lot of sense.
The leap you made was which I think bears correcting is and therefore it's gotten harder for people to make ends meet and the reason needs to be corrected.
So the real minimum wage has declined for sure and that along with these other changes, which are more important, has led to growing inequality and lower wages at the bottom, but we do have other policies in place now. We barely had an Earned Income Tax Credit in in 1979; it started in 1976 and was very stingy it really grew a lot in the 90s.
KCRW: Can you remind us what the Earned Income Tax Credit works?
DN: The Earned Income Tax Credit is a subsidy to your earnings – so you get nothing if you don't work. But, if you do work and you have kids and your income is low you get a quite generous subsidy in California only from the federal government. So a single mother, let's say with two kids, who makes a low income gets upwards of $6 thousand from the federal government. So I always cringe a little when people say we have to raise the minimum because it's declined in real terms. And the reason is, you know we used to have one policy and now we have two. And policy number two, the EITC, has gotten very generous and if you do the math, the minimum wage delivers less because it's declined in real terms, but the EITC delivers a lot more. Now we might still say that's not enough. That's a fair question. But just saying the real minimum wage has declined and therefore we need to raise it isn't really good argument.
KCRW: So you're saying is the minimum wage may not have gone up a lot in recent years but it's been offset or it's been supplemented by this Earned Income Tax Credit and that we have extra financial support for working people working families coming in from this tax credit.
DN: Exactly and for working families, it's very important. If you don't have kids you get almost nothing, if you don't have kids and that's kind of generally true of policy in the U.S. right. Single male – you're on your own. But if you have kids it's quite generous. So when I see the stories about how you can't support a family on the minimum wage, I can say that's probably true, but you don't support a family on the minimum wage. Because if you're just a minimum wage worker and you're supporting a family and you've got kids you're definitely getting an EITC payment and it might be quite big and we've moved to that policy. To some extent we still have both of course but we've shifted to sort of making the EITC a bigger part of our income supplement policies if you want to call it that because it has a really good effects.
One is it encourages employment where the minimum wage discourages appointment. And there's incontrovertible evidence that employment goes up when the EITC gets more generous, and the second is, it targets low-income families. One of the big problems of the minimum wage is it goes to any low-wage worker, whether that low-wage worker is a teen in a middle class family, a spouse of a person who makes a lot of money, or as of course sometimes happens, a poor head of family. But the EITC is based solely on family income it's done through the tax systems administered by the I.R.S. and it goes largely to low-income families and nothing goes to high income families.
KCRW: Is there also an issue that people are stuck longer in minimum wage jobs than they used to be are we not creating as many what would be considered high quality blue collar jobs as we used to?
DN: Well it's certainly the case that part of the kind of increased inequality and the decline at the lower end is of higher paying jobs for people with lower skills. I won't say they've quite disappeared but there's a lot fewer of them. So it's certainly harder for let's say someone with just a high school education to earn a higher income. That's a long-term change. That's from the '50s. That's not something in the last 10 years. Manufacturing employment as a share of the economy has been in steady decline for a long time, you know there's probably not much we can do about that, that's globalization. I mean some kind of production make a lot more sense in other countries. It's also not clear the minimum wage is a good response to that, but that's certainly true.
I'm of the philosophy that government should address the inequality question. My view is this is something we need to address. And every Western society, through a lot of tools, tries to ensure that people and moreover families have some minimally acceptable standard of living, however they define that right. But we all do this through health insurance, minimum wage, things like the EITC and housing assistance. So we do play a role in this and I think the question is what's the best way to do it, not whether we should be doing it or not.
KCRW: So suppose we make you the economic czar for the city of Los Angeles and we say, ok we want you to fix this issue. How would you go about doing it? Would you raise the minimum wage or would you say you know there's a better way?
DN: I would not raise the minimum wage. The state minimum wage is going up, it is going up again, the federal minimum wage maybe will go up even a little higher than the state minimum wage and I worry about the minimum wage in general because of the dis-employment effects.
The inherent difficulty of the minimum wage, and really everybody on all sides of the debate agrees on this, is they target the poor or low income very ineffectively. And that's for two reasons, first of all a lot of poor families have no workers. Nationwide the majority of poor families with working age adults have no workers. And secondly, a lot of low-wage workers are not poor families. I mean nationally teenagers are one quarter of the minimum wage workforce and sixteen to twenty four year olds are about one half of the minimum wage workforce. So you know my kid had a job in high school it would be a minimum wage job because most high schoolers have no skills. But obviously there's no reason employers who make less than me should be paying a higher wage to my daughter, it doesn't serve any distributional purpose.
KCRW: So what is what would be a more effective way or ways of going about and helping low-income families?
DN: Labor economists talk about how do we solve this problem of inequality. I mean there's the Holy Grail as I call it out there— higher skills. We've been trying to improve schools for decades and we're probably making marginal improvements. Dropout rates are declining a little bit. That's a really hard problem, but obviously the ideal is people have high enough skills that we don't need to be worrying about government intervention. But given that we're not going to get there and given that even if we improve schooling that doesn't help a forty-year-old. I think the state should have an EITC I think the evidence on the earned income tax credit is pretty overwhelming. They increase employment, they reduce poverty, they get more income into the hands of low-income families, and they're targeted very well. A city could also open an income tax credit. New York City has an earned income tax credit, as do some other cities now they have an income tax so it's easier to do of course. But policies that try to get more incomes into the hands of specifically low-income families are in a sense the best way to address the problem of income inequality.
Politicians are much more comfortable or they find it much easier to raise the minimum wage than to create an earned income tax credit, because you don't raise taxes to finance and a minimum wage. You just say you got to take care of it – pass the mandate on to employers. EITC obviously requires tax revenue, but you know I'm not speaking from the point of what's the easiest thing for a politician to do. I'm speaking of what from the point of view of what makes the most sense in terms of in terms of good policy.
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