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Rainer Bach (*  13. März 1946 in Freital; † 31. Dezember 2019) war ein deutscher Karikaturist, Grafiker, Illustrator und Cartoonist.

Leben
Bach absolvierte von 1963 bis 1965 eine Ausbildung zum Plakatmaler, danach bis 1967 eine weitere als Werbemittelhersteller. Dann leistete er Wehrdienst bei der NVA. Von 1969 bis 1982 absolvierte er ein Abendstudium an der Hochschule für bildende Künste in Dresden. Danach arbeitete er als Kinomaler und als Werbegrafiker der  Handelsorganisation (HO). Ab 1980 war er in Karl-Marx-Stadt bzw. Chemnitz freiberuflich als Gebrauchsgrafiker, insbesondere als Karikaturist, tätig. Er war bis 1990 Mitglied des Verbands Bildender Künstler der DDR.

Bach verschrieb sich dem "skurrilen und poetischen Nonsens". Bachs Karikaturen und Cartoons erschienen in diversen Zeitschriften und Magazinen, darunter Eulenspiegel und Freie Presse. In der sächsischen Tageszeitung illustrierte er die populäre Wissenschaftsserie "Onkel Max", die auch in mehreren Buchbänden veröffentlicht wurde.

Vielfach spielen Tiere, hauptsächlich Frösche, in seinen Werken eine Rolle. Seine private Sammlung von Fröschen umfasst mehr als 5000 Exemplare: Das kleinste Exponat misst zehn Millimeter und ist ein Piercing aus Thailand, das größte ist eine zwei Meter hohe Plastik-Kröte aus Mexiko. Mehr als 1000 seiner Karikaturen hat Rainer Bach dem Satiricum in Greiz vermacht, wo sie im Sommerpalais aufbewahrt werden.

2015 war ein Cartoon von Rainer Bach an Bord der Internationalen Raumstation ISS im All: Der russische Kosmonaut Gennadi Padalka hatte sich die Zeichnung von Tassilo Römisch ausgeliehen, dem Chef des privaten Raumfahrtmuseums im sächsischen Mittweida. Bach hatte in der Zeichnung einen Frosch in einen Raumanzug gesteckt und ihm eine Deutschland-Fahne in die Hand gegeben.

Bach erkrankte 2010 an Krebs, den er "tumorvoll" nahm.

Ausstellungen (mutmaßlich unvollständig)

Einzelausstellungen

 1985: Annaberg-Buchholz, Galerie am Markt (mit Gabriele Berthel)

Ausstellungsbeteiligungen

 1982/1983 und 1987/1988: Dresden IX. und X. Kunstausstellung der DDR
 1983: Leipzig, Informationszentrum am Sachsenplatz (Ausstellung der Sektion Karikatur und Pressezeichnung DDR-Süd im VBK)
 1985: Karl-Marx-Stadt, Bezirkskunstausstellung

Bücher (chronologisch; Auswahl)

 Werner Ballarin (Bearbeiter): Rainer Bach – Erotikaturen. Neue Sächsische Galerie, 1999

 Onkel Max: Hier gibt's auf (fast) alles eine Antwort. Chemnitzer Verlag, von Ute Krebs, 2003, ISBN 978-3-9286789-9-5
 Onkel Max – Spezial: Viele Köche verderben den Brei: Wissenswertes vom Essen und Trinken. Chemnitzer Verlag, von Ute Krebs, 2012, ISBN 978-3-9370259-0-2
 Frösch-freche Liebesspiele: Der frivole Comic für die Wanne. Edition Wannenbuch, 2016, ISBN 978-3-9815989-8-8

Einzelnachweise

Karikaturist (Deutschland)
Illustrator (Deutschland)
Cartoonist (Deutschland)
Bildender Künstler (DDR)
Bildender Künstler (Chemnitz)
Person (Freital)
DDR-Bürger
Deutscher
Geboren 1946
Gestorben 2019
Mann


Home / Publications / Why does Approved Document B need to be reviewed?
Why does Approved Document B need to be reviewed?
Fire continues to be one of the biggest threats to UK homes and businesses, resulting in over 300 deaths and costing an estimated £9 billion in damage annually.
Fire continues to be one of the biggest threats to UK homes and businesses, resulting in over 300 deaths and costing an estimated £9 billion in damage annually. Worryingly, most recent figures show there was a 15% increase in the number of people who died during 2015/2016 as a result of fires and a 5% increase in the number of fires attended. We are at risk of becoming complacent at a time when vigilance is needed most. At the same time, changes in technology, construction and design mean that the built environment and how we use it has changed significantly in the last decade and is set to continue.
The last review of the building regulations guidance Approved Document B (ADB) was carried out in 2006. The pace of transformation of construction and design, coupled with the continued threat of fire, means that the ten-year-old building guidance is out of date. This urgently needs to be reviewed, with a plan for regular review put in place, to ensure the continued fire safety of building users.
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Structured Finance Exam; Bonds rating, OAS, and IO Mortgage
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Consider a new CMBS deal with the following tranches, ratings, and tranche size:
A1, AAA, 6% (3yr maturity target)
A4, AAA, 58% (10yr maturity target)
B, AA, 4%
C, A, 4%
D, BBB, 6%
E, BB, 5%
F, NR, 4%
A large loan in the CMBS conduit, which represents 15% of the principal of the deal defaults in the first year and, upon resolution has a 60% loss severity. Which of the following best describes the effect on the pool?
(a) The D, E and F tranches are wiped out
(b) The F tranche is wiped out and the A1 tranche is paid off
(c) The E and F tranches are wiped out and the A1 tranche is repaid
(d) The A1 and A2 tranches are repaid
Which of the following statement relating to the Option Adjusted Spread is FALSE?
(a) Calculating the OAS for an IO mortgage backed security requires an interest rate model and a prepayment model
(b) I want to buy securities with a positive OAS and sell securities with a negative OAS
(c) If the prepayments come in faster than expected by the model on a mortgage pool, the model will show a positive OAS for the IO tranche.
(d) If the prepayments come in faster than expected by the model on a mortgage pool, the model will show a negative OAS for the IO tranche.
Which of the following facts/trends is unfavorable for the health and future prosperity of the single‐family rental market?
(a) The urbanization rate is continuing to increase
(b) Generation Y is showing little appetite for home ownership as it comes of age
(c) Mortgage lending standards are getting laxer again
(d) Turnover in single-family housing is lower than in multifamily housing
(e) The SFR securitization deals have seen spreads come in
Section II: Numerical
A CMBS is collateralized by the following interest‐only mortgages with five‐year
maturity.
It is tranched as follows:
Assume all bonds were issued on May 1st, 2017.
(a) Calculate the collateral WAC, the distribution WAC, and the excess spread for the first year, assuming no defaults during the first year?
(b) The excess spread is collateralized into a CMBS WAC IO security. You buy the IO bond when the structure is set up. If your discount rate is 5%, how much are you willing to pay for the entire IO tranche at origination (May 1, 2017)? The open period is the last year of the mortgages, while the first four years have defeasance. Assume a 0% CPY during the defeasance phase and 50% CPY during the open period. Assume a 0% CDR throughout. Assume all interest payments are made on the last day of the year.
(c) We are now 3 years later (May 1, 2020). There were no defaults in year 1 and no defaults in year 2. In the last but one day of year 3, mortgage #3 defaults and is immediately resolved with a loss severity of 50%. What is the excess spread on the structure right after the default has been resolved?
(d) What is the new price of the IO, on the last day of year 3, assuming no further defaults and the same discount rate CPY assumptions as before?
(e) If you sell the IO on this day, what was your IRR on the 3‐year investment? Explain why it is higher or lower than your expected return (discount rate)?
Section III: Essay Question
If you were the chief regulator in charge of designing the future of securitization, what concrete actions would you take to enable a resurgence of solid and safe structured finance infrastructure?
Answer this question from a risk management angle, using what you have learned in this module (and potentially in previous modules).
Please, no more than 1 page in 11pt font.

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Business is often described as a dog eat dog world. But things only usually get that bad if you let them. Here is some advice from entrepreneurs who learned serious lessons through their own experience on how to avoid getting screwed over by their business partners, and the people that they work with.
It's great that passion motivates the positive aspects of your business and drives you forward to new heights. But passion in business can get you into trouble, especially when emotions turn negative. Things will go wrong in business. People will try to take advantage of you, colleagues will lie, and business partners will let you down. The key to running a successful business is to always remain cool and calculating in these situations. Losing your head can lead you to make damaging decisions that could ultimately be harmful to your business in the long run.
Meditation and entrepreneurs don't seem like great bedfellows. After all, entrepreneurs are all about living life at 100 MPH, and people who meditate, usually Buddhist monks, are interested in the precise opposite. But when it comes to entrepreneurship, meditation is actually of critical importance. The reason is that our brains tend to make new connections and come up with original ideas when our minds are clear from other worries. Many entrepreneurs like to meditate in the shower and are sometimes referred to as "urban shower monks." Being able to get away from the mayhem often allows you to think about how you'll deal with a difficult situation better at work.
One of the biggest problems companies face is defining relationships between their partners, vendors, stakeholders and colleagues. Often these agreements can get out of hand, and you can find yourself losing out. This is why so many companies now use contract management software to stay on top of all their relationships with their customers. It allows them to make sure that all of their contracts are in the best interest of the company and easy to find. It also helps organizations that need to scale rapidly manage their risks in real time.
Command and control entrepreneurs don't usually do all that well. They think that people are working for them because they really want to and they believe in the company, but most of the time it's just so that they can put food on the table at night. Some business leaders think that all they have to do is tell their employees what to do by force of will and they will obey. But this isn't how people work. Instead, interacting with people is more like a game of chess. It's strategic, and often people will do and say things that lead to their strategic advantage. For years Donald Trump ingratiated himself with the highest echelons of society. Now he's bringing them to their knees. It's all about long-term planning and cunning. Think carefully about what is actually motivating the people who work for you and with you.


US regulatory professionals have long benefited from meeting transcripts and other open meeting requirements that have meant that the inner workings and decisions of the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) various advisory committees are available for debate and dissection.
This can be extremely useful for a range of stakeholders. Regulatory professionals seeking approval for similar products can tailor their applications to address the needs of committee members; Public safety advocates can flag potential issues with the safety of a drug; Competitors can learn more about trial designs and the outcomes of studies.
But in the EU, the European Medicines Agency's (EMA) various formal review committees have never been as transparent as FDA's. Regulatory professionals hoping for an insight into how EMA's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP), Committee for Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use (CVMP) or Committee for Advanced Therapies (CAT), have previously been forced to speculate about matters of discussion at their respective committee meetings.
Now that speculation is slated to become a bit less speculative, and a bit more informed.
In a 28 January 2014 announcement, EMA said that for the first time ever it has published the meeting minutes of all three committees, providing the public (and regulatory professionals) with a look into what goes on inside its regulatory black boxes.
"The publication of the minutes of these three scientific committees completes a major transparency initiative initiated by the Agency in July 2012 to publish the agendas and minutes for the meetings of all seven of its scientific committees," EMA wrote in a statement.
But if you're looking for an in-depth play-by-play account of the meeting, you're likely to still be disappointed. The meeting minutes are generally vague, glossing over the nuance that marks most regulatory decisions in favor of more sweeping, aggregated statements of the committee's actions.
"The CHMP discussed the update" is a phrase which is repeated many times within the CHMP's first update, offering little in the way of insight into a particular decision. However in other sections, such as Section 12.4, EMA provides significant details into the information it took into account in coming to a decision.
Some information is also redacted from the reports. For example, requests for good manufacturing, clinical, laboratory and pharmacovigilance practice inspections have all been redacted, with EMA stating that disclosing this information would "undermine the purpose of such inspections," presumably because they have not yet occurred.
EMA said it will now "routinely publish" agendas from the CHMP, CVMP, and CAT at the beginning of each month, and the minutes of each meeting in the month following the meeting.


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Bond 25 not part of MGM-Annapurna distribution deal
Posted on October 31, 2017 by The Spy Commander
Annapurna logo
Bond 25, at least for now, is not part of a deal where Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and Annapurna Pictures are joining forces to distribute their movies in the United States.
The two studios are forming a joint venture for U.S. distribution, the Los Angeles Times and other news outlets reporting, citing an announcement.
The announcement, however, said Bond 25's distributor would be determined at a later date.
MGM hasn't had a distribution operation since it exited bankruptcy in 2010. Annapurna, a movie production company, only recently got into distribution with its Detroit drama that came out in August.
The joint venture will release about 15 movies annually. The first movie to be released by the joint venture will be a remake of Death Wish, due out in early 2018.
The big project that isn't covered by the joint venture is Bond 25. MGM and Eon Productions in July announced a U.S. release date of November 2019 without any word who the distributor would be.
Annapurna, founded by tech heiress Megan Ellison, was among the studios seeking to distribute Bond 25. Others included Sony Pictures, which released the last four 007 films, and Warner Bros. Then, in September, The Hollywood Reporter said in September that Amazon.com and Apple were also seeking he Bond rights, possibly with an eye of buying control of the Bond franchise.
MGM and Annapurna have done business before. In March, MGM said it had a deal to distribute Annapurna movies in some international markets. Also, Annapurna originally was going to release MGM's Death Wish remake.
The Deadline: Hollywood website suggested the MGM-Annapurna joint venture may be in the best position to distribute Bond 25.
"With MGM moving back into distribution, it seems like the natural set-up to distribute the next Bond film," wrote Deadline's Anita Busch.
Filed under: James Bond Films | Tagged: Annapurna, Bond 25, Eon Productions, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Sony Pictures, Warner Bros. |	Leave a comment »
Eon's new spy movie gets a February 2019 release date
Eon's Barbara Broccoli and Michael G. Wilson in November 2011
Eon Productions' new spy movie, The Rhythm Section, has been given a February 2019 release date by Paramount, The Wrap and other entertainment news sites reported.
The film, starring Blake Lively, will be released Feb. 22, 2019. The project was announced in July. It's based on a novel by Mark Burnell.
"Stephanie Patrick (Blake Lively) is on a path of self-destruction after the death of her family in an airplane crash, a flight that she was meant to be on," according to a plot summary released in July. "After discovering that the crash was not an accident, her anger awakens a new sense of purpose and she rises to uncover the truth by adapting the identity of an assassin to track down those responsible."
The Rhythm Section is part of a growing portfolio of non-007 films by Eon. Its drama Film Stars Don't Die in Liverpool had its premiere at the 2017 Telluride Film Festival. It's being released in December by Sony Pictures Classics, part of Sony Pictures.
Eon and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer have announced a U.S. release date of November 2019 for Bond 25. Currently, the movie has no distributor.
Filed under: James Bond Films, The Other Spies | Tagged: Bond 25, Eon Productions, Film Stars Don't Die in Liverpool, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Parmount, Sony Pictures, The Rhythm Section |	Leave a comment »


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How'd They do that Spot?
By Terry Kattleman. Published on August 01, 2001.
Following 'Viva La Vulva,' Libresse goes inside the womb in a powerful new campaign
On paper, a commercial with nothing but singing belly buttons may sound like just so much lint, but TBWA/Chiat/Day's San Francisco office brings it off with brio in the summer-sexy "Belly Button" spot, for Levi's Superlow jeans. The song in question is the Diana Ross hit "I'm Coming Out" (strictly bare-midriff connotations here, thank you), sung by none other than Jamie-Lynn Sigler, better known as Meadow Soprano, who's also launching a music career. But that's just pop icing on the cake. It's the visual high concept that sells low-rise denim, but it wasn't till Partizan director Michel Gondry got involved that the execution really got, uh, gutsy. The original idea was simply to have the women manipulate their navels with their hands, according to art director Jeff Labbe. "But we got to talking with Michel, and he says, `I want the belly button to really sing.' So we go, `Great! How do we do that?' He says, `Don't worry, my brother wrote a program.' "
Michel's brother just happens to be Olivier Gondry of Los Angeles effects house Twisted Laboratories, who proved that nepotism can be single-mindedly beautiful. The :30 is nothing but abdominal effects but for one reaction shot of a stunned youngster who's ogling the flesh opera. One woman even has an appendix scar; is this a digital affectation? Not at all, says Labbe. "The Levi's tagline is `Make them your own,' so the scar's no big deal. It's a natural part of the woman. We just tried to keep it real." What about piercings or tattoos, which are conspicuous by their absence? "Tattoos are not a problem," Labbe insists. "One girl had a tattoo, but it was on her backside, you just can't see it," he laughs. "We did stay away from piercings, because when the belly button sings, the piercing gets in the way. The message needs to be clear. One girl, in fact, took hers out." Piercings aside, this is a very selective sort of shoot. There's the usual Mad Ave ethnic inclusivity, of course, but the physical characteristics are demanding. "We had to very carefully cast for the right belly buttons," says Labbe. "You can't have one that's too deep, you lose the detailing of the movement. You can't have outies either, obviously. It has to have a mouth kind of shape. The ideal girl has a flat stomach and a flat belly button."
Speaking of mouth shape, the key to the lip sync is a good old motion capture technique. After the stomach parade came a blue dot-painted mouth shoot of the tummy talent singing the song, which was married to the midriffs in three to four weeks of intensive animation.
Other agency credits to creative director Chuck McBride, ACD Jon Soto, copywriter Susan Treacy and producer Betsy Beale.
Terry Kattleman
AT&T's mashup cinema campaign gets more extreme
U.K.'s Blockbuster Holiday Ads Spawn Revenue Stream for Retailers
Behind the Work: Libresse Breaks Taboo Around Menstrual Blood in Advertising
Could John Lewis's 'Buster the Boxer' Be the Last of the Real Ad Animals?
Waitrose Goes Further Into the Farmyard With Animal GoPro Footage
Expedia Takes Sick Children on Thrilling Real-Time Adventures -- Without Leaving the Hospital
A Mad Scientist Took Over the Airwaves to Announce a Super Weapon He's Dropping Next Week


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Three Purple Emperors feasting on animal dung. © 2019 Gillian Thompson.
A male purple emperor at Oversley Wood. © 2019 Keith Warmington.
A Purple Emperor taking salts from the ground. © 2019 Gillian Thompson.
A male Purple Emperor taking salts from the ground revealing its distinctive lemon-yellow probosis - Fermyn Wood, Northamptonshire. © 2019 Steven Cheshire.
A first instar Purple Emperor caterpillar at Fermyn Wood, Northamptonshire © 2019 Steven Cheshire.
A first instar Purple Emperor caterpillar and remains of egg at Fermyn Wood, Northamptonshire © 2019 Steven Cheshire.
A second instar Purple Emperor caterpillar © 2008 - 2019 Steven Cheshire.
A second instar Purple Emperor caterpillar changes colour prior to going into hibernation © 2008 - 2019 Steven Cheshire.
The distinctive irridesscent purple sheen of a male Purple Emperor can only be seen when sunlight is reflected at a particular angle to the viewer - Fermyn Wood, Northamptonshire. © 2019 Steven Cheshire.
Probably the most magnificent butterfly to be seen in Britain, the Purple Emperor is an enigmatic butterfly and is the second largest in Britain. The deep purple colouration of the male Purple Emperor is a result of light refraction by ridges on the wing scales. It is only visible from certain angles depending upon the direction of light. The females lack this colouration being primarily dark brown but with larger eye spots towards the rear of the hind wings. Both sexes have a broken flash of white across the forewings. The underside has a large eyespot used to deter predators.
It flies high in the tree-tops where it feeds on aphid honeydew and sap runs. They never visit flowers to feed but are often seen feeding on the ground on animal faeces, carrion or salts left as puddles evaporate.
Care should be taken as a low-flying Purple Emperor may be mistaken for a White Admiral.
The males are known to travel more than 1000 metres from their breeding areas, gathering in what are known as master trees where the males compete for females which are seen less often.
The Purple Emperor occurs in expansive broad-leaved woodland or in areas where there are clusters of smaller wooded areas where the larval foodplant is abundant.
The larvae of the purple emperor feed on Goat Willow (Salix caprea), Grey Willow (Salix cinerea) and Crack Willow (Salix fragilis).
22-06-2018 by Mike Slater at Oversley Wood.
19-06-2017 by John Carter/Keith Fletcher at Oversley Wood.
06-07-2016 by Mike Slater et al at Oversley Wood.
02-07-2015 by Mike Slater at Spernal Park.
10-07-2013 by James Kerr at Oversley Wood.
17-07-2012 by Richard Eyres at Oversley Wood.
26-06-2011 by Neil Freeman / John Carter / Gillian Thompson at Oversley Wood.
29-06-2010 by Bob Dunnett at Oversley Wood.
04-07-2008 by Mike Slater at Bull & Butcher Wood and Princethorpe Great Wood.
29-06-2007 by Mike Slater at Ryton Wood.
*First sighting dates for the Purple Emperor are based on records submitted online only. These dates are not updated retrospectively to include records submitted to the branch recorder in other forms.


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Congress to hold hearings on issue after riots that followed African American teen's death in Missouri.
The US Congress is due to hold hearings on allegations of militarisation of America's police forces. The issue has gained traction in America ever since the shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, in the US state of Missouri, which ignited weeks of riots.
Brown's death touched off protests and the police response that followed was heavily criticised. Al Jazeera's Melissa Chan reports from Oakland, Caifornia.


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Global Patent Filing
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WIPO Proof: Safeguarding Your Early Filing Date
We all are very clear with the understanding and the importance of early filing date and priority date in the patent application. A patent is granted on the premise that the invention is non-obvious and constitutes inventive steps. These issues are very much interlinked with that of the filing date since an early filing date is acknowledged as prior art. The priority date of a patent relates to the earliest filing date from within a family of patent applications that constitutes a similar invention. If the matter involves just one patent application, the priority date would be the filing date of that single application. If there are more than one related patent applications involved, the patent's priority date would then be the filing date of the first patent filing that initially revealed the invention.
Why Early Filing?
This helps in constituting the criteria of the non-obviousness nature of the invention. The earlier date is the proof of an invention being obvious if a similar invention is being filed at a later date. All big corporations, tech, and design-based businesses, and international brand companies are very much cautious in their approach to convincingly prove that they are the first to demonstrate and record any new idea, design, or code. That is also very obvious that various cases turn on proving who the first one to establish the right was.
If you are the first one to file a patent application for an invention such as engineered talking hearing aid or the self-engineered audible vision device or a design right application on a packet or a new song where the song has been written first which one can think or even designing a new website, the inventor or the creator is at a far better position to claim his right and even win any legal battle along the way. Generally, the necessary part of proving that the creation was developed first sometimes does not feature on the priority list of inventors, scientists, artists, etc. In various copyright cases, the issues are not primarily based upon the substantial similarity but on the premise that the creator can show that he is the owner of the work and he is the first to write it. Well, these issues are closely linked with the understanding that the creativeness of someones is aided if it can be proved that the work existed before the other or before anyone knew about it.
This analysis undoubtedly provides us with a fundamental need to have third-party verification of the date of existence. This can be a way further for substantiating the fact that the work has been crafted before the other, thereby, giving an upper hand in the legal fight as well. The digital process of taking the attendance of employees in a factory is not new. But having a slightly different approach of digital date stamping technology could prove to be inevitable for the IP related matters to fingerprint a creator's file to prove its existence can be very useful for unfolding digital landscape in IP related matters. This will be a quick, easy, and efficient system which can record very crucial date of existence. This will not only be beneficial for the copyrighted work but also for inventions, trade secrets, creative and industrial designs, and other forms of IP.
WIPO's PROOF: A Need of the Hour?
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) has provided a new digital platform called WIPO PROOF which is used to critically identify the exact date of existence for individuals and companies alike. WIPO PROOF is an online service that rapidly produces tamper-proof evidence which you can use to prove that your digital file existed at a specific point in time.
Whether you have creative work, a product design, an invention, or research data and insights from the innovation process, WIPO PROOF is an additional way to safeguard valuable intellectual assets. In seconds, WIPO PROOF uses industry-leading security technology to generate a globally recognized digital fingerprint of your intellectual asset. This is your WIPO PROOF token – an encrypted record of your digital file's DNA and existence, dated and time-stamped the second it is created. Tokens are valid indefinitely. WIPO PROOF stores them securely for 5 years (renewable on request), keeping them compliant with evolving encryption technologies. All this information is readily available at - https://wipoproof.wipo.int/wdts/.
There are some of the definitive advantages of this Stamp of authority. This stamp provides the official seal of authority which makes it an international sanctioned document that will undoubtedly carry more weight in many of the IP cases throughout the world. The significant value that the document holds will give a competitive advantage for the company or individual in the legal battle. The WIPO PROOF is only limited to the creation of the document at a specific timeline. The function does not extend to the formalistic function with regards to the procedural aspects of IP registration. Neither does this WIPO PROOF confers any such intellectual property rights. It is the only official confirmation of the simple proof of the date of existence. At a time when we are seeing a booming development in various sectors, the WIPO PROOF was an inevitable need of the hour for individuals and companies.
Author: Saransh Chaturvedi (an advocate) currently pursuing LLM from Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law (IIT Kharagpur). In case of any queries please contact/write back to us at support@globalpatentfiling.com.
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USPTO Updates To Indefiniteness Approaches in AIA Post-Grant Proceedings
Extending Patent Term Through Ever-Greening: Never Ending Battle
Will Patent Linkage Affect Access To Medicine?
Protecting Test Data - Revisiting At The Time Of Pandemic
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text:
Eccles (. Brythonic/Welsh: Eglwys) is a village and agricultural parish near Kelso in Berwickshire in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland. The village is conjoined with Birgham and Leitholm.

Etymology

Like other 'Eccles'-names in Britain, this is taken to derive from the Brittonic word which survives in Welsh as eglwys 'church'. The word was originally borrowed into Brittonic from Latin ecclesia.

History

It is said that there was a Christian enclave at Eccles in the 6th century or possibly before. Watson gives the derivation as most likely from the Welsh (or Cumbric) eglwys meaning church  and places with this name element are thought to indicate ancient Christian sites. Gospatric, Earl of Dunbar (or his wife) founded St. Mary's Cistercian convent at Eccles in 1156.

Regent Albany stayed at Eccles Priory in November 1522 during an unsuccessful siege of Wark Castle. It was burnt by the Earl of Hertford's forces in 1545, then laicised to the Home family. Only two barrel-vaulted cells of the east range at the west end of the churchyard survive as well as architectural fragments built into later garden walls, although the parish church, rebuilt in 1774, may include some mediaeval stones. Patrick I, Earl of Dunbar, who died on 31 December 1232, was interred in the convent at Eccles.

Lairds

The principal landed proprietors in the vicinity of Eccles in 1696 appears to have been George Home of Kames (which is situated towards Birgham) who had 9 hearths, Purves Hall, then occupied by Marjory Flemming, had twelve hearths, and Simon Marjoribanks of Stainrig who had six. (Purveshall and Stainrig are closer to Leithholm than Eccles). In 1843 it was James Greig who resided at Eccles House, which abuts the village.

Kirk
The Church of Scotland Parish Church, rebuilt in 1774, is a large 5-bay building with some stained glass windows (notably the 'War Memorial Window') in 'Gothick' glazing-patterned sashes in round-headed openings. There is a vernacular bell-tower at the east end holding a bell dated 1659. The last additions and internal alterations were carried out in 1930. The earliest Presbyterian Minister appears to be Robert French, who was at Eccles from 1567 to 1574. The Reverend John Lauder, who had previously been the incumbent at Lilliesleaf, was ordained into Eccles 28 May 1691, when objectors opposed to him interrupted the ceremony. Two of these were Richard Edgar of Newtoun, (an Episcopalian and opposed to the government of William & Mary), and Henry Home of Kames. Reverend Lauder from Eccles was a member of the General Assembly in 1692. On Sunday 31 March 1695 Mr. Lauder was not present at Eccles to take the service, he "being sent to preach in the north as is ordered by the last Assembly that every Presbytery should send so many quarterly there." He was succeeded at Eccles by the Reverend Matthew Dysart MA, on 9 September 1729, Lauder having died in July that year. Dysart remained the incumbent at Eccles for a staggering forty three years.

Today Eccles is conjoined with the parishes of Birgham and Leitholm.

Notable residents

Possibly the district's most famous son is Henry Home, Lord Kames.
 William Baird (physician) (1803-1872), physician and zoologist
 Thomas Creak Craik was a resident of both Eccles and Temple Village. He was one of the early modern farmers and owned Whitrig Farm, but the family also managed other properties. In 1832 Thomas funded the building of a New Church, in Temple Village.

In popular culture

The village was also mentioned in Wolfbloods Dark rune episode.

See also
Crosshall cross
List of places in the Scottish Borders
List of places in Scotland

Notes

External links

RCAHMS/Canmore record of Eccles House
RCAHMS/Canmore record of "Braw Bothy"
RCAHMS record of the Parish of Eccles

Berwickshire
Villages in the Scottish Borders
Parishes in Berwickshire

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Mission Visions Values
Industrial Automation Equipment
Industrial Robots Applications
Robotic Controller Application
Industrial Automation Applications
Design & Analysis
Application & Integration
734 total yards HIGH SCHOOL earned
by admin | posted in: default | 0
My college coach, he always told me, at the next level, everybody plays special teams.
I think he's doing pretty well.
Information services group Experian had its logo front and center on the backdrop during the Scott press conference.
According to Matthew McCartin, head of marketing for Dickies, Dickies and R.A.
We are incredibly excited to introduce a first-of-its-kind in-season tournament for our league and present more regular-season games on ABC, increasing the WNBA's national television exposure, WNBA commissioner Cathy Engelbert said via the league.
A key component will be a new partnership with DraftKings for a custom game that is exclusively available in all Buffalo Wild Wings restaurants during the 2018 football season.
We just tried to play together as a team, CB Stephon Gilmore explained.
Today, two pioneers are uniting, ABB CEO Ulrich Spiesshofer said during a media conference in London, where Formula E is headquartered.
The Invisalign brand will be featured in multi-media advertising during the NFL season as well as in the off-season, including in-doctor's office marketing available to help drive patient interest, as well as various league level events and activations to further push demand and raise awareness of doctor led orthodontic care.
Lehtonen, 26, appeared in 60 games with Jokerit during the 2019 season and registered 49 points , which led all KHL defencemen.
If make your own jersey not okay, it's not the end.
Russell Westbrook just gave me the day off, so I'm going to work on my clothing line.
Brady is offering a personal meet-and-greet, prime location tickets to his first home game with his new team, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and other exclusive amenities.
If it's not okay, it's not the end.
It's all about the Dew-ers, says Westbrook in Dew Time Off: Russell Westbrook, to Michael.
Sorted by fastest, here are the sub-4-second 40-yard dash times of players on the Colts' 90-man roster : Walker: Danny Pinter will absolutely be given the opportunity to compete for that right guard job, but as of now, it's firmly in the hands of Mark Glowinski.
But we'll see how this one pans out – it should be a fun ride.
I'm going to do what the team asks me to do.
Posted a regular-season career-long 10-yard carry late in the second quarter…Vs.
• The National Women's Soccer League approved an expansion team in Kansas City to begin play in 2021 with an ownership group led by Angie and Chris Long that also includes Brittany Matthews, fitness trainer and fiancée to Kansas City Chiefs QB Patrick Mahomes.
Tiger Woods custom baseball jerseys million $2 million $60 million Golf 9.
13 Clippers vs.
She steps out of her Kia Optima in a short, tight dress and immediately gets the attention of the players and coaches.
This year will see Big3 visiting 18 cities – up from ten each of the two previous years.
It was the largest comeback win for the Terps since being down 17 points against Rutgers on Nov.
The history of the name Redskin is well documented.
: Coach Reich and Chris Ballard both talked a lot before the draft about not forcing it at QB and that they would need to find the right fit.
But yes, we're finishing up a semester now, and then in the summer, I'm going to take digital marketing, plus law and ethics in business.
And you also have two backs in Nyheim Hines and Jordan Wilkins who are about to enter the second year of their careers, which is when Mack made a huge jump forward, so in short, no, I don't think the Colts another running back.
Under terms of the deal, Dunkin' Donuts becomes the official coffee, tea and bakery partner for Liverpool FC, and Baskin-Robbins becomes the official ice cream partner.
• Kansas City Chiefs QB Patrick Mahomes continues to lead NFL Pro Bowl fan voting with 206 votes for the 2021 Pro Bowl presented by Verizon.
The fan-fest is being designed to showcase the best the Bay Area has to offer, with interactive games and activities that highlight the region's technological prowess, culinary excellence and cultural diversity, as well as celebrate Super Bowl 50 and the Bay Area's place in NFL history, according to the San Francisco Bay Area Super Bowl 50 Host Committee.
Was a candidate for the Senior CLASS Award in 2017, a finalist for the Wooden Citizenship Cup in 2017 and a member of the Allstate-AFCA Good Works Team in 2016, which honored make your own jersey Division I-A football players from across the country for their commitment to community service.
You will also see a lot of local deals begin to form, where a player drafted by a team begins to form a relationship with the local division of a national sponsor.
For the first time in the history of the Special Olympics World Winter Games, ESPN and ABC networks will cover events from start to finish, with features, interviews and news updates throughout the competition.
Fusion Arena is being designed by Populous, with construction scheduled to begin this summer.
15 Golden State vs.Sacramento TNT • Dec.
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text:
Spinal cord compression is a form of myelopathy in which the spinal cord is compressed. Causes can be bone fragments from a vertebral fracture, a tumor, abscess, ruptured intervertebral disc or other lesion.

When acute it can cause a medical emergency independent of its cause, and require swift diagnosis and treatment to prevent long-term disability due to irreversible spinal cord injury.

Causes
The most common causes of cord compression are tumors, but abscesses and granulomas (e.g. in tuberculosis) are equally capable of producing the syndrome. Tumors that commonly cause cord compression are lung cancer (non-small cell type), breast cancer, prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma, thyroid cancer, lymphoma and multiple myeloma.

Development
Typically, the symptoms of spinal cord compression develop slowly and progress steadily over several years. In some patients, however, the condition may worsen more rapidly. Subacute compression develops over days to weeks. Acute compression develops within minutes to hours. Acute compression may follow subacute and chronic compression, especially if the cause is abscess or tumor. Regardless of the pace, spinal cord compression will predictably progress over time.

Signs and symptoms
Symptoms suggestive of cord compression are back pain, a dermatome of increased sensation, paralysis of limbs below the level of compression, decreased sensation below the level of compression, urinary and fecal incontinence and/or urinary retention. Lhermitte's sign (intermittent shooting electrical sensation) and hyperreflexia may be present.

Diagnosis
Diagnosis is by X-rays but preferably magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the whole spine.

Treatment
Dexamethasone (a potent glucocorticoid) in doses of 16 mg/day may reduce edema around the lesion and protect the cord from injury. It may be given orally or intravenously for this indication.

Surgery is indicated in localised compression as long as there is some hope of regaining function. It is also occasionally indicated in patients with little hope of regaining function but with uncontrolled pain. Postoperative radiation is delivered within 2–3 weeks of surgical decompression.  Emergency radiation therapy (usually 20 grays in 5 fractions, 30 grays in 10 fractions or 8 grays in 1 fraction) is the mainstay of treatment for malignant spinal cord compression. It is very effective as pain control and local disease control. Some tumours are highly sensitive to chemotherapy (e.g. lymphomas, small-cell lung cancer) and may be treated with chemotherapy alone.

Prognosis
Once complete paralysis has been present for more than about 24 hours before treatment, the chances of useful recovery are greatly diminished, although slow recovery, sometimes months after radiotherapy, is well recognised.

The median survival of patients with metastatic spinal cord compression is about 12 weeks, reflecting the generally advanced nature of the underlying malignant disease.

See also
 Spinal stenosis
 Cervical spinal stenosis
 Myelopathy

References

External links

Oncology
Medical emergencies
Oncological emergencies


Breakfast shown here is from the US Grant Luxury Collection (SPG) hotel where Platinum elites will continue to get free breakfast.
JW Marriott Hotels do not offer a non-lounge breakfast option (but JW Marriott Resorts do).
Marriott Hotels do not offer a non-lounge breakfast option (but Marriott Resorts do).
Delta Hotels do not offer a non-lounge breakfast option (but Delta Resorts do).
Autograph Collection Hotels do not offer a non-lounge breakfast option (but Autograph Collection Resorts do).
Renaissance Hotels do not offer a non-lounge breakfast option (but Renaissance Resorts do).
In each of the above cases, as long as a lounge is open and available, this isn't a problem, but it could be an issue on weekends when some lounges close.
As you can see above, if a lounge is closed or doesn't exist at all, most brands will provide breakfast in the restaurant. There's still a lot of detail missing here, though. For example, we now know that at most brands if the lounge is closed in the US or Canada, you'll get free breakfast. But what if the hotel doesn't have a lounge at all? That's addressed only for European hotels. And what happens in Europe when the lounge is closed? We don't know. It isn't addressed. My assumption is that we'll get free breakfast whether or not there's a lounge and whether or not it's open during your stay. But if that's the case, it's not well spelled out here.
It's absurd how complicated this is. My goal is to produce a much simpler chart to make it easy to know when to expect free breakfast. As things stand now, you have to consult the chart above, the chart below, and an astrologer or palm reader to make sense of it.
Once I get more concrete info from Marriott I'll put together a simple chart.
I feel like to really win over Hyatt elites, this is a huge thing they need to get right.
Right now, Hyatt nails it. If you pay an eligible rate, you get free breakfast.
– HH/HP gives it to (almost) everyone.
– if there's a lounge, you get it there.
– Otherwise, you get it in the restaurant for 2 adults + 2 kids.
Marriott has 2 years to do this, are they so stupid? Man I can make a simpler chart over a weekend timeframe.
The only benefit that really matters is the Ritz Carlton which is painfully absent so I am gleefully absent at check in.
Well, I get breakfast at Hilton just by having the Amex Platinum?
I'll take that every time over having to look at an excel spreadsheet.
I was just in Europe and they give lounge access to HiltonGold members…full breakfast most places. Radisson Blu was doing the same , though I don't know if its a benefit.
Combine this with paying $200 for IHG Ambassador and carrying their credit card—and a bunch of benefits for that and I have to wonder why anyone would actually have any brand loyalty.
I have Hyatt diamond just by having a bunch of Ziva stays. It's worth almost zilch to me, Anyone who stays 60 nights per year at Hyatt is unlikely to use all their suite awards which are saved for family vacations.
Bottom line is status by credit card versus actually staying in hotel rooms is the way to go.
wait. how do you have hyatt globe with ziva stays? that makes no sense. ur talking about spending 20k at hyatt?
The rules are so complicated and also hidden I'd worry that locations might not get the memo.
So, elite members were promised breakfast at all Courtyard hotels, but now Marriott says that for pretty much all USA hotels that's just not true. How are customers supposed to believe anything from Marriott when they blatantly lie? This is the advertised best of both programs? Marriott has made so may missteps in this merger that it's hard to understand how this could be an accident after all the prior screwups.
Since the two charts need to be read together to get a full picturem, I merged and cleaned up some of the data. Marriott's chart is a mess, causing people to think mainline brands are retracting breakfas and the two columns for the regional differences will make people think you pick between them when they're actually mutually exclusive.
Also there are issues with the data in the charts (Despite Marriott's corrections). It seems to indicate Courtyards will now offer lounge access (including resorts) which definitely seems like a mistake. Fairfield Inn now seems to offer breakfast accross the board to all guests but the chart does not reflect it. The Courtyard Europe lounge alternative for breakfast in restaurant is a case that can never materialise (so why is it there?). So Marriott definitely needs to clarify those bits.
I'll email you the consolidated chart, perhaps it will help.
It's a mess. That's the danger of managing 30 brands. Even the people who are managing them are confused. How could consumers not get confused? Perhaps a shakeup in the upper management is in the not-too-distant future.
what about the middle east and Asia??
No kidding this is confusing. What a goat rodeo. I have a bunch of bookings coming up after August and a major Stay and Fly package coming up early next year in SEA. I'm Platinum but haven't a clue about how my status will be treated for reservations already on the books. I'll be calling each property just before my cancellation period expires and confirm what my benefits will be at each hotel. They will need to confirm via email otherwise I will cancel and be switching to Hilton, Hyatt or IHG properties.


By combining musical and culinary heritage with history we provide a more comprehensive backdrop in which to tell a collective story. This program intends to reinforce English, History, and creative writing skills in students as well as enhance soft skills and foster creativity.
The intergenerational approach is the method that ties our programs and services together.
The Black community historically came together to garner the impotence of intergenerational social development and mobility through collaborative efforts.
The communities were designed to care for every member. The young, elderly, sick, those in need of mental health support and the physically or developmentally disabled were nurtured and cared for in communities with the capacity to minimize risk and increase resilience.
Black communities were able to connect their realities given the lack of respect and access to prosperity in segregated and discriminatory institutional and structural systems. Community connection reduced racial isolation and social dislocation.
Black communities were focused on holding significance and human value for present and future generations through communication. Families and individuals entered into these communities to increase dialogue, promise and positive outcome for everyone.
The Black communities created a capacity for celebrating the cultural history and linguistic diversity among them. Communities celebrated their culture through food, music, art, literature and spirituality.
The consolidation of families and resources provided opportunites for Black communities to identify and utilize an accumulation of gifts, skills and assets. The consolidated communities were full of hospitality, inspiration and compassion. They nurtured friendships and strengthened relationships.
To be a builder of positive powers that will enhance the potentials of Black1 youth (ages 12 – 17) and young adults (ages 18 – 26), thereby enabling them to efficiently navigate and be of service to their neighborhoods.


Last week, I published a post on my thoughts regarding the current state of CCSVI research and treatment (click here). The post elicited much response, and many well thought out comments were left by readers who both agreed and disagreed with my points of view. As I've stated before, I welcome all readers to post their opinions, as a healthy exchange of ideas is the only way to draw informed conclusions, especially on subjects as new and controversial as CCSVI.
After reading and considering many of the responses arguing that research into whether or not venous blockages correlate with MS, and, if so, whether these abnormalities are cause or effect, were basically a waste of time and that treatment studies should take the forefront, I've changed my original point of view. While I still do think that academic research into the venous abnormalities we've come to call CCSVI is important, I now believe that treatment studies should be given the highest priority possible.
I've come to this conclusion for a variety of reasons. First, treatment studies themselves will show whether or not CCSVI abnormalities are indeed related to MS, and if they play a role in causing or exacerbating the disease. If, under rigorous trial conditions which include pre-and post-procedure neurologic evaluations, patients are found to respond favorably to the liberation procedure, then obviously CCSVI is not only related to MS, but plays an important role in the disease process. If patients fail to respond, then the opposite conclusions can be drawn.
Second, the noninvasive imaging techniques used to detect CCSVI have been shown to be less than reliable, and catheter venography has thus far proven to be the gold standard in finding blockages in the veins associated with the central nervous system. Based on the accounts of both the physicians who have performed the procedures, and patients themselves, Doppler sonography, MRV's, and CT venograms have all been shown to be prone to both false positives and false negatives when compared to the findings of catheter procedures, for a variety of reasons (technological limitations, operator deficiencies, etc.). Thus, any studies based strictly on noninvasive imaging will always have a cloud of doubt hovering over them. Better to cut to the chase, and perform catheter venography on test subjects. If that venography detects abnormalities, these abnormalities should be addressed by balloon angioplasty, which has been shown to be an extremely safe procedure when done by experienced physicians. Again, whether or not patients respond to angioplasty would answer questions of correlation and causation.
Third, if CCSVI does indeed prove to be a major piece of the MS puzzle, we need to refine the techniques and technology of the liberation procedure. Currently, many patients experience improvements soon after undergoing the procedure, only to see those improvements dissipate when their newly opened veins close up again. This phenomenon itself would suggest that CCSVI at least plays a role in the MS disease process, and also indicates that much learning needs to be done about the best practices, procedures, and equipment to be used when undertaking the liberation procedure. Virtually all of the medical equipment currently used in the treatment of CCSVI was developed primarily for use in arteries, which are vastly different in an anatomical sense to veins. Vein specific equipment, especially stents, needs to be developed if the liberation procedure does prove to be a major player in the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis.
Several other concerns have recently come to my attention. It seems to be becoming clearer that CCSVI is likely not just confined to the jugular and azygous veins, as has been thus far thought; the picture appears to be more complex. Dr. Zamboni has recently suggested that abnormalities in the lumbar veins could very well play a major role in progressive illness, and many venograms are finding abnormalities in the vertebral veins as well. The vertebrals are the vessels that return blood to the heart and lungs from the brain when patients are in an upright position. The jugulars take over this function when patients are lying flat. Thus, problems in the vertebrals could theoretically play just as important a role as jugular abnormalities. In my particular case, the catheter venogram done during my unsuccessful liberation procedure turned up blockages not only in my right internal jugular, but also abnormalities in my vertebral veins as well. Unfortunately, there is currently no accepted method for addressing stenosis in either the vertebral or lumbar vessels. Clearly, research into these concerns is necessary.
We must see collaboration between neurologists and vascular specialists if the myriad questions surrounding CCSVI are to be answered in any definitive fashion. I'm aware of several treatment studies that are currently awaiting approval, and of several doctors who are chomping on the bit waiting to get started conducting these trials. They'll have no problem finding patients willing to participate in these studies, but funding may be a dilemma. The MS patient population must get behind the studies, not only in body and spirit, but with their wallets too. When these studies are finally approved and announced, CCSVI advocates the world over, and those who love them, will need to step up to the plate and donate either directly to the institutions conducting the studies, or to nonprofit CCSVI advocacy groups that are currently readying to launch. Patient advocacy has pushed CCSVI out of the shadows and into the spotlight that currently shines on it, and that same advocacy will likely be necessary to take CCSVI from hypothesis to either positive or negative conclusion.
Thank you for this very honest update of your thoughts of CCSVI. Since I've only knowing about this for several months, I am constantly having mixed feelings about the procedure (not having it done, but not wanting to get my hopes up WHEN I do get it done). Like I said in my response to your other post about his, I wonder if waiting to have it done IS a good thing, The more time that goes on, the more the doctors know about it in terms of procedure, effectiveness, etc.
"The MS patient population must get behind the studies, not only in body and spirit, but with their wallets too."
Well, a lot of MSers are voting with their wallets and going overseas, but I think there's a really easy solution to the money issue.
Devise a study, funded by insurance, where participants have a 50% chance of staying on their MS drugs post-op. One-half of $30K/year could pay for a lot of treatment and follow-up.
Great post, WK. I agree - there is so much more to learn about CCSVI. We need a strategy, not piece meal studies thrown together seemingly randomly, in order to truly find the answers we are all looking for.
I think you are totally accurate with this post. It wont be just the jugs and the azygos, but instead I believe venograms will reveal entire venous systems that are abnormal due to the compensation of abnormal parts in the system. At this rate though and all this red tape it seems even the next generation will be fighting this turf war. Imagine a world free of MS because professional came together to make it happen! Unfortunately this Country is submerged in GREED! This greed will delay the process without question.
Nice post. I agree more treatment studies need to happen to push the evidence one way or the other.
Spot on; I would only add that for each anecdotal report there is a physician's report which provides a clinical account of the procedure and possibly before and after analysis. This clinical evidence needs to be aggregated in a central study - and this should not be either a complicated or expensive task, but would only require the goodwill of the physician's and their patients.
@nickwerf - this is one of the problems of the people going overseas for treatment - the followup just isn't there, adequately.
I would still maintain that donating to MS Societies is a good option - they already have a pattern of screening research to ensure it is done properly to provide answers, and it is hard to get study protocols set up without a good framework - and even the treatments should be, as you suggest, part of a study so that information can be compiled and reviewed.
It's interesting finding all of these stenotic veins all over the body - but I'm still confused. When your body is stressed (either in a good way, through exercise, etc or whatever) the veins adapt to increased blood flow and allow the blood to drain. Perhaps the stenosis occurs through inactivity (forced in your case, Marc)? And I'm still not sure that it is truly an abnormality. I'm looking forward to the studies to prove this yea or nay. Perhaps it is just a normal thing we are now spotting because we are looking at and for it. Maybe if a person is placed in a different position, the supposed abnormality vanishes. It's all a muddle and while I agree that studies should be done which involve the treatment, there may be an ethical block to such things if the strictures haven't been proven to be abnormal. And if they are related to MS, why do we have the difference in sexes and incidence, or why do we have the difference depending on geography (irrespective of genetics)? It's all very puzzling and I am eagerly waiting for research results. Some should be available in October of this year, if not before, from the ECTRIMS conference - and the funded studies (so far - I'm sure there will be more in the regular funding cycle) should have preliminary results in a year or so.
It's all pretty exciting, but I also want the other research to continue, just in case this isn't the only answer.
I don't think that there's any doubt that organized patient advocacy is going to have to be the main driving force behind research and testing of CCSVI if it's going to get done in time to do enough people enough good.
The MS Society is the single biggest obstacle to exploring the exciting new knowledge of the MS disease process.
Then there are the neurologists, MS 'experts', who, in fits of professional chest-beating, won't even take the time to look at factual CCSVI documention.
I'm afraid that walking softly and carrying a big stick isn't the answer. Stomp around and get loud, very loud or the CCSVI opponents will bury CCSVI in a flurry of improperly conducted studies and stone-faced ego for years and years.
Amen Marc, Great, envy inducting writing as usual. It just makes so much sense. Here I am with jugulars, that by two doctors' evaluation, look like drinking straws, yet I has SO platued in my improvements. I read about others who are SP that still seem to be improving and just know there's more to the puzzle. I've always felt that way, but never paid any attention to all the ancillary circuilatory stuff "talk". So this especially piqued my interest when you were talking about all the vetrebal veins and the like. Looks like I need to take a trip to Dr. Sal!!
It's been 3 weeks for me now Marc.... My improvements have been many. Some subtle to the naked eye, some not. I am so grateful that I got the chance to be helped. The illness is gone, I can feel myself healing and getting stronger. I hope you get your chance. Have you thought of going overseas where they have more experience in difficult cases like yours?
Note to Dabble and the Mad Sow: if you assume that venous stenosis isn't abnormal (wouldn't that mean that they'd have to stop treating stenoses in organs other than the brain now, too?), neither is a large nose or a flat chest and I don't see a whole bunch of neurologists and not-for-profit spokespeople running around stopping surgery, *major* surgery, for that.
MS is just special, I guess.
I'm rather picky about what I'm being asked to believe. A person has to draw a line or the next thing you know, you're leaving pans of milk out for the fairies.
but if it is indeed a vascular issue, then pray tell how do the dmd's work to lessen lesion load?
The chicken/egg thing is not a phenomenon or a conundrum, it's a theory that got thrown into the mix by panicking neurologists to muddy the CCSVI waters. Red herring, jackalope, snipe.
The idea that some combination of environment, genetics and/or magic pixie dust creates spagetti out of veins stretches the bounds of common sense.
However, it may be possible, that perhaps, just maybe, Vitamin D may have have some bearing on venous development, although I would be very surprised if that involvement wasn't limited to the gestation period. Over a longer term and much longer research, that matters but I don't see why it ought to delay treating the physical condition.
I'm not an expert but my understanding is the the DMDs don't work for most people, and don't work really well in the rest and they come with a load of potential side effects that have Big Scary Teeth. I'm not sure that they lessen the lesion load but they may slow progression down just a tic, or not, depending on what study you believe. If MS is auto-immune, the DMDs should work a lot better. I mean, they can make drugs that very reliably keep whole transplanted organs from being rejected.
The way I do the math, the neurologists need to pick up their auto-immune game before they have the right to pick the CCSVI theory apart.
I wonder what Judge Judy would say?
Carla-there is indeed much that is still to be learned about CCSVI, and much about the theory is still unclear. As a matter of fact, it could turn out that CCSVI is a red herring, and actually bears no relation to MS at all. I don't believe this to be the case, but contrary to what some of CCSVI's most fervent supporters assert, CCSVI is still theory, not fact. The more we learn about CCSVI, the more questions arise, and as I say in the above post, it now appears that more blood vessels than originally thought appear to be involved in CCSVI. Interventional techniques need to be perfected, and new equipment needs to be devised, all while scientists attempt to prove or disprove the theory. Different patients will have different tolerances for the uncertainties surrounding CCSVI, and for many it might be a good idea to wait for the smoke to clear.
anonymous-we do indeed need a unified strategy, as thousands of patients are being treated without being properly tracked, and all this treatment, while possibly helping the patients, is not helping to prove or disprove the theory to scientific eyes.
Nick-compiling the already available data is a good idea in theory, but I'm afraid that the wide discrepancies in the assessment of patients before liberation, and the follow-up of patients after liberation make this prospect almost impossible. Most of these procedures have been done in the total absence of the input and assessment of neurologists, who, despite being depicted as the bad guys, are still needed to properly assess patients both before and after treatment.
Dabble-thanks for your insightful post. There are indeed many things that are known about MS that do seem to not fit with the CCSVI picture. I suspect that like all things MS, CCSVI will tell the story for some patients, but not all. This is a very heterogeneous disease, and probably is not in fact one disease but a collection of them that share common characteristics. Certainly, the association between MS and EBV looks extremely strong, and CCSVI doesn't explain the common comorbidities with other autoimmune diseases. Still, as I said, CCSVI will likely prove to be THE answer for some patients, but for others will play a limited role in their disease, if it plays any role at all.
Natalie-I admire your evangelical fervor, but casting the MS Societies and neurologists as "the enemy" is counterproductive. We'll need neurologists to confirm the benefits of liberation to the CNS. The people I know who work for the US MS Society are truly dedicated to finding a cure for the disease, and if you search a few posts back, I posted a video portrait of an MS patient who has been devastated by the disease, made by her devoted daughter who works at the NMSS's headquarters in Denver. That daughter (Beth Clark) would do anything to find a cure for her long-suffering mom. The MS Societies also serve many other vital functions, including patient support and political advocacy. Likewise, most neurologists are devoted to finding a cure to MS. I agree that many may be blinded by preconceptions and resistance to ideas outside their specialty. Hard to say, though, that they refuse to look at scientifically valid data regarding CCSVI, because there is actually very little peer-reviewed published data out there, and that's the only kind of data that scientists are trained to take account of.
I must disagree with you about stomping around and getting loud, because that risks getting CCSVI advocates painted as the lunatic fringe of the MS community, which again would be counterproductive. Chimpanzees and Panthers both command attention, and I prefer the way of the Panther, using guile and cunning to achieve my goals. Martin Luther King Jr. and Gandhi both achieved great things through quiet determination. This is not to say we need to be meek, but targeted aggression is far more effective than scattershot noise.
Lew-thanks for your kind words about my scribbling abilities, but I've read some of your writing, and you've nothing to be envious about. I think you're entirely correct about the complexities that have yet to be discovered regarding CCSVI. We've only just peeked underneath the rock, there's lots more to uncover.
Anonymous-a heartfelt congratulations on your continued improvement. I would consider traveling overseas if I thought there was a significant chance that my condition could be properly treated, but my case has been reviewed by Zamboni, and even he isn't quite sure what to make of it. I'm hoping to undergo more testing sometime soon to help clarify the picture. Thanks for the suggestion, though.
Natalie-the CNS venous system has been so little studied that most vascular specialists that I've spoken to (and I've spoken to quite a few) say that it's difficult to say what "normal" is in regard to that system. Unlike arterial anatomy, venous anatomy differs widely from patient to patient, and has lots of redundancy built in. True, blockages in other parts of the body do cause known conditions, but not all venous blockages are of detriment to those that have them. This is one of the unknowns of CCSVI, and the Buffalo study showed that about 25% of healthy subjects exhibited the abnormalities we call CCSVI. Certainly, there is at least the possibility that CCSVI plays no role in MS. I personally don't believe that to be the case, but I acknowledge that my belief has not yet been proven. Rigorously controlled treatment studies would go a long way towards clearing up many of the questions that still need to be answered regarding CCSVI, and in a timely manner.
Debbie D/Natalie-the fact that DMDs are effective in some patients does not disprove the CCSVI theory. In fact, CCSVI provides an elegant model as to why the immune system becomes activated in the CNS, and none of the doctors treating CCSVI deny immune system involvement in the disease process. Dr. Simka has recently stated with relative certainty that CCSVI alone doesn't explain MS. According to the CCSVI model, a long-term disruption of hemodynamics creates inflammation in the CNS, and that inflammation in turn activates immune system involvement. Therefore, drugs that modulate or suppress the immune system would be expected to have a beneficial effect in the CCSVI disease model.
Thanks for the response, Marc.
My problem is that I do not believe, having educated myself on CCSVI 'in theory' [:)], that the MS Society and the neurological community are acting in the best interests of MS patients.
You know yourself that the CCSVI theory is powerfully and practically compelling and I'm pretty sure that if you had the means, you'd be scanning patients (with/without MS) like a madman, bursting your heart to get that answer because, realistically, it's more than possible to get a fast, accurate answer. The MS Society wants the answer, too, on a shoe-string budget, at least 2 years down the road. Baby steps.
I think that MS patients are entitled to be angry, very angry indeed, about the reception that CCSVI has received from both the MS societies as well as the MS experts in the neurological community.
Meanwhile, I'll go with you on targeted, um, targets rather than the scattershot noise. I dislike aggression but staying silent is not an option.
As always, I find your posts to be sane and thoughtful. And calm.
My thinking is that CCSVI is going to open up a new branch of medicine exploring how venous abnormalities impact neurological health. How exciting this is! The ramifications are potentially wondrous.
I am hoping the scientists and doctors can work together to set up a data collection system so we can all contribute, even if we are not in a study.
Myself, I am weighing the risks of going ahead with treatment now versus the risk of waiting a year or two.
I had the protocol established by Mark Haacke to test for CCSVI and my venous structure was normal, as in NO abnormalities. I most definitely have MS. While I think it's a piece of the puzzle, it's not "the answer." I truly believe the stem cell therapies being established offer a tremendous amount of promise for a treatment for some. Unblocking the veins may be a treatment for others. But the question remains....what causes this beast to surface??
My understanding is that non-invasive scanning, when done by a properly trained technician using the correct protocol, can determine venous structure in the jugular veins but not in the azygous venous structure, which is deep within the middle of the chest. In his study, Dr. Zamboni found MS patients with stenosis in the azygous but only during an invasive (endovascular) venography. It's considered a very safe procedure by the experts.
So you don't know if your venous structure is normal unless you go for the gold standard of a venography.
With respect to the idea of CCSVI being merely a piece of the puzzle, I like the old saying about if you hear hoofbeats, think horses, not zebras and with that in mind, CCSVI is a darned good answer. Marc brought up some other venous issues somewhere in the comments as well, which I think have merit (and I should re-read).
I'd have a lot more faith in stem cell research save for three things. One, there hasn't been a whole bunch of successes so far. Two, most health systems simply couldn't shoulder that kind of burden for treatment and thirdly, it's an unthinkably dangerous roll of the dice for something so theoretical and totally unproven.
As for what triggers MS, I believe that studies have shown that the brain damage starts long before symptoms occur. I imagine that there's a sort of tipping point where the brain/body simply can't keep up with the mess anymore.
I'm am so going to get thrown out of here!


Nebuchadnezzar, proud, majestic ruler of ancient Babylon, was one of the greatest kings who ever lived. During his illustrious reign, the first world empire expanded to include the areas we now know as the Middle East and Egypt. In the course of his conquests, he brought many prisoners of war to Babylon to be trained for important positions in the empire. Four of these were Daniel and his three friends, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, princes from Palestine, the land of the Hebrews.
It was approximately B.C. 600 when King Nebuchadnezzar had a remarkable dream of a great image and its destruction by a mammoth stone. This dream was not just for the king, however; God intended for its important message to be given to all men who would listen. Let's turn to Daniel 2 for the details of the dream and its interpretation by Daniel, who was given wisdom and understanding by God.
Daniel 2:1-11 relates that King Nebuchadnezzar, impressed by a strange dream, nevertheless forgot it and sought advice and revelation from his magicians, astrologers, sorcerers, and Chaldean scientific diviners. These counselors, however, were unable to tell the king the dream; they were forced to admit that the gods who could reveal the dream did not dwell with men. Verses 12 and 13 reveal that the king was so furious at these wise men who claimed to be specialists in dreams and their interpretation that he pronounced the death sentence on every wise man in the realm. This included Daniel and his friends, who were true, faithful servants of the living God.
After Daniel pleaded with the king for time, he and his friends earnestly prayed to God for help. God rewarded their petitions by revealing the dream to Daniel. They were quick to acknowledge God's mercy and goodness to them. Verses 17-23.
God alone knows the secrets of the future, and He reveals them for the benefit of His faithful people. "Remember the former things of old: for I am God, and there is none else; I am God, and there is none like Me, Declaring the end from the beginning, and from ancient times the things that are not yet done, saying, My counsel shall stand, and I will do all My pleasure." Isaiah 46:9,10.
God intended to reveal to Nebuchadnezzar, through Daniel, a prophetic view of world history from Nebuchadnezzar's time (B.C. 600) to the second coming of Christ. Read Daniel 2:31-35 carefully, and become familiar with the details of the dream.
2. The breast and arms of silver (Verse 39) represented the second world empire, Medo-Persia, which conquered Babylon and ruled from B.C. 538 to 331. Because silver was used as a medium of exchange by the Persians, as well as in decorations even more noticeably than gold was used by the Babylonians, silver was a fitting prophetic symbol for Medo-Persia.
3. The belly and thighs of brass (Verse 39) were the third world empire, Greece, (B.C. 331-168). The brass thighs of the image reflected the brass armor and breastplates worn by the Greek soldiers. Thus Greece was very appropriately symbolized by brass.
4. The legs of iron (Verse 40) represented the fourth world empire, Rome, which ruled the longest of the four empires, – from B.C. 168 to A.D. 476. Iron is known chiefly for its strength. Historians called Rome the Iron Monarchy, a very fitting title for monarchy that broke in pieces, bruised, and subdued kingdom for nearly 600 years. During Rome's supremacy, Jesus was born in Bethlehem and was crucified under its authority.
5. The feet and toes of mixed iron and clay (Verses 41, 42) denote the nations of Western Europe. It is generally agreed among historians that Rome was divided into ten parts by the invasion of barbarian tribes between A.D. 351 and 476. According to the prophecy, some parts would be weak and some strong, as signified by the mixture of iron and clay.
These ten divisions of Western Rome (originally the Lombards, Franks, Ostrogoths, Visigoths, Burgundians, Suevi, Heruli, Vandals, Allemanni, and Saxons) became the European powers of Italy, France, England, Austria, Belgium, Holland, Spain, Portugal, Germany, and Switzerland. As the prophecy predicted (verse 43) , over the years these kingdoms tried to unite through intermarriage of their royal lines, but all such attempts failed. Similarly, powerful men, such as Charlemagne, Charles V, Louis XIV, Napoleon, Kaiser Willhelm, and Adolf Hitler, all sought to achieve the same goal and failed. God's word never fails! "…They shall not cleave one to another…"!
The dream is certain and its interpretation flawless. Verse 45.
In the records of human history, we read of the rise and fall of nations and generally conclude that man has determined his own success or failure. But behind the scenes, according to God's word, the patient, unseen purposes of the Almighty One are being worked out according to His plan. Heaven imparts the power exercised by every ruler on earth. The success or failure not only of the ruler but also the nation he rules depends on how closely he adheres to God's plan. Daniel 2:20, 21. To each world leader the Lord has declared, "…I girded thee, though thou hast not known Me." Isaiah 45:5. To Nebuchadnezzar at a later time the Lord declared through Daniel that God does all things so "that the living may know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever He will, …" Daniel 4:17.
What is the dream's significance for us today?
The four great world empires, symbolized by the various metallic parts of the image in King Nebuchadnezzar's dream, have passed from the scene of action. Today we live in the time period symbolized by the feet and toes of the image. The next event will be the coming of the Lord and the setting up of His eternal kingdom (Daniel 2:44), symbolized by the stone cut out without hands which strikes the image at its feet, causing it to crumble. Consideration of this prophecy brings us face to face with the serious time in which we live. Friend, are you prepared to meet Jesus?
What will the next great glorious drama be?
Daniel 7 relates the vision Daniel was given when he was past the age of 80. Daniel lived to see part of Nebuchadnezzar's dream in Daniel 2 fulfilled; namely, the conquering of Babylon by the Medo-Persians. Now in Daniel 7, God showed His aged prophet the same four kingdoms depicted in Daniel 2. "Surely the Lord God will do nothing, but He revealeth His secret unto His servants, the prophets." Amos 3:7. To Daniel, however, the kingdoms were shown not in their outward appearance, as was done for King Nebuchadnezzar, but in their characteristics as wild beasts.
At the outset, let us determine the meaning of the symbols in this vision.
1. Winds. In symbolic language, winds denote nations at war. Daniel 7:2; Jeremiah 25:31-33.
2. Waters, or seas, are a symbol of people, multitudes, and nations. Daniel 7:2,3; Revelation 17:15. In this vision, the prophet saw the sea stirred by the winds. Out of this stormy sea rose up, in succession, four beasts – a lion, a bear, a leopard, and a monstrous beast. Isaiah 17:12. Just as in nature large bodies of water are disturbed by the wind, so people are shaken by warfare.
3. Beasts. Daniel thus saw four beasts arise form the stormy sea of nations and people. "These great beasts, which are four, are four kings, which shall arise out of the earth." Daniel 7:17. There is no doubt as to what we should understand these four beasts to be – four kings, or kingdoms. From the description we can match them with the kingdoms represented in the image of Daniel 2.
1.The lion symbolized Babylon (B.C. 606-538) . "The first was like a lion, and had eagle's wings: I beheld till the wings thereof were plucked, and it was lifted up from the earth, and made stand upon the feet as a man, and a man's heart was given to it." Daniel 7:4. That which gold represents among the metals (in Daniel 2), the lion represents among the beasts; it is the king of beasts. The lion was a favourite symbol of the Babylonians. See Jeremiah 4:7; 50:17, 43, 44. The wings being plucked and a man's heart was given to it indicates the weakness which overcame Babylon under Nebuchadnezzar's successors, leading to its defeat at the hands of the Medo-Persians.
2.The bear symbolized Medo-Persia (B.C. 538-331). "And behold another beast, a second, like to a bear, and it raised up itself on one side, and it had three ribs in the mouth of it between the teeth of it: and they said thus unto it, Arise, devour much flesh." Daniel 7:5. Medo-Persia conquered Babylon, becoming the second world empire. "And it raised up itself on one side" shows that it was a kingdom composed of two nationalities, one stronger than the other. The Persians were more prominent than were the Medes. The three ribs in his mouth represented the three countries that were overthrown by this kingdom – Babylon, Lydia, and Egypt.
3.The leopard represented Greece (B.C. 331-168). "After this I beheld, and lo another, like a leopard, which had upon the back of it four wings of a fowl; the beast had also four heads; and dominion was given to it." Daniel 7:6. This beast was symbolic of the kingdom of Alexander the great, who subdued Persia. The four heads represented the four generals who divided and ruled Greece after Alexander's death. These four generals were Ptolemy, Cassander, Lysimachus, and Seleucus. The four wings showed the swiftness characterizing this power, for Alexander conquered the world in twelve years, and his troops covered 5,000 miles in 8 years' time.
4.The monstrous beast symbolized Rome (B.C. 168-A.D. 476). "After this I saw in the night visions, and behold a fourth beast, dreadful and terrible, and strong exceedingly; and it had great iron teeth: it devoured and brake in pieces, and stamped the residue with the feet of it: and it was diverse from all the beasts that were before it; and it had ten horns." "…The fourth beast shall be the fourth kingdom upon the earth, …"" Daniel 7:7-9, 23. The iron teeth and other strong characteristics of this beast corresponded with the iron legs of Nebuchadnezzar's dream. Rome was the most powerful and long lasting of the four empires.
5.The ten horns of the beast represented the European countries which occupied the territory of Western Rome. Daniel 7:7. These ten horns correspond with the ten toes of Daniel 2.
"I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another little horn, before whom there were three of the first horns plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things." Daniel 7:8. This little horn which arose among the ten horns of the fourth beast played an important role in the history of that kingdom.
It would speak great words against God. The pope of Rome claims that all the titles which the Scriptures attribute to Christ are lawfully his to use: "God on earth," "the Supreme Judge,"" "Vicegerent of Christ," "King of kings and Lord of lords." All of the 265 popes who have reigned thus far were called "Holy Father." Jesus used this name only once to address His heavenly Father (John 17:11) and furthermore admonished, "And call no man your father upon the earth: for one is your Father, which is in heaven." Matthew 23:9.
Verses 21 and 25 declare that the little horn power would make war on God's people. Over 50,000,000 Christians were put to death by this power during the Dark Ages. The delineation of its years of power pinpoint this little horn as the Roman Catholic Church. The time period of its tyranny over the saints is given in 7 places in the Bible, the first being Daniel 7:25. "A time and times and the dividing of time," "a time, times, and an half," "forty two months,"and "a thousand two hundred and three scored says" all refer to the same time period. See Daniel 12:7; Revelation 11:2, 3; 12:6, 14; 13:5. And it always describes the papal power. Since in prophecy 1 prophetic day equals 1 literal year (see Numbers 14:34; Ezekiel 4:6), all of these phrases figure out to 1,260 prophetic days, 42 months, or 3 1/2 years. The literal timespan is 1,260 years. This period corresponds exactly with the time during which the papal power reigned supreme – A.D. 538-1798 – beginning with the establishment of the bishop of Rome as the head over the entire church and ending with the capture of the reigning pope exactly 1,260 years later under Napoleon.
Still another characteristic of this power was that it would "think to change times and laws." In the Catholic catechism, the second commandment of God's law is eliminated, and the tenth is divided into two commandments. The fourth commandments (the seventh-day Sabbath) is changed from the seventh day (Saturday) to the first day (Sunday).
In A.D. 325, Pope Sylvester decreed that the first day of the week should be called "the Lord's day." At the council of Laodicea in A.D. 364, it was decreed that Christians should not rest on Saturday but on Sunday.
From this and other statements, it is evident that the papacy, through means of the church, has tried to change the holy day commanded by God. But God's law is as unchangeable as God Himself, so such attempts are only means that lead men away from God.
All characteristics which the Bible attributes to the little horn, or the antichristian power, can be traced clearly in the history of the papacy. The evidence is therefore indisputable that the spiritual and political power which has existed for so many centuries and which has not changed – the papacy of Rome – is the antichrist.
1. Who had the dream which is recorded in Daniel 2?
2. Did he remember his dream?
3. Were his wise men and false religious counsellors able to relate and interpret the dream?
4. Who only can foretell the future and reveal such secrets?
5. What was God trying to reveal to the king through his dream?
6. What did the head of gold represent?
7. Which kingdom did the breast and arms of silver represent?
8. Who was represented by the belly and thighs of brass?
10. Which nations, still in existence today, are represented by the ten toes of the image?
11. Will the nations of Europe ever be united?
12. What will be the next world empire?
13. Who stands behind the scenes, guiding all the events of this world?
14. Who saw the dream of Daniel 7?
15. What is the meaning of these symbols used in prophecy: a) Winds. b) Waters. c) Beasts.?
16. What powers were symbolized by the following beasts: a) Lion. b) Bear. c) Leopard. d) Great, dreadful beast.?
17. What did the ten horns represent?
18. What power arose in fulfilment of the prophecy of the little horn which became great?
19. How did this power think to change times and laws?
20. Does any earthly being have authority to change the law of God?
21. For how long a time was this little horn power to rule?
22. What year did it begin its rule? What year did it lose its great power?


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