In this special issue, we set out to expand organizational theorists' methodological repertoire with experiments—studies in which the environment is sufficiently controlled to rule out competing explanations of causality. Since the field's inception, organizational theorists have advocated for experiments (e.g., Weick 1967; Zelditch 1980). In recent years, this call has been amplified. Among institutional theorists, for example, experiments are in the process of becoming the go-to method for micro-institutional inquiry (see Bitektine, Lucas and Schilke 2018, for a recent review). Expanding Zucker's (1977) seminal study of institutionalization and cultural persistence, recent studies demonstrated the rapid spread of false beliefs and counterfactual behavior in markets, even in seemingly ideal conditions (Levine et al. 2014). They experimentally manipulated institutional complexity (Raaijmakers et al. 2015), institutionalized belief systems (Hafenbrädl and Waeger 2017), various types of institutional logics (Glaser et al. 2016), and organizational identity (Schilke 2018). Experiments are becoming prevalent throughout organizational theory, utilized in such diverse domains as social network theory (Mason and Suri 2012), market and entrepreneurial competition (Levine, Bernard and Nagel 2017), status theory (Correll et al. 2017), organizational categories (Kovács, Carroll and Lehman 2014), innovation (Boudreau and Lakhani 2016), transaction cost economics (Harmon, Kim and Mayer 2015), evolutionary economics (Wollersheim and Heimeriks 2016), and search and routines (Laureiro-Martínez et al. 2015).
The experimental approach offers several unique qualities. Foremost, experiments can identify causality—the gold standard of science (Coleman 1990; Merton 1949). Their design can eliminate extraneous factors and the resulting endogeneity (Brewer 1985). What is more, experiments can be easily replicated (Croson, Anand and Agarwal 2007). This may be one reason why experimental results are at least as robust as those of other methods, as a massive replication effort found (Camerer et al. 2016). Such rigorous testing of causal arguments can address questions that lay at the heart of organizational theory, complementing other methods (Schilke 2018). And finally, experiments can uncover mechanisms. This can aid, for instance, in measuring individual-level processes, thereby enhancing our understanding of how individuals are embedded in and respond to larger entities, whether in top-down or bottom-up processes (Smith and Rand forthcoming). As such, experiments can play a central role in advancing a true multi-level approach in organizational theory (Felin, Foss and Ployhart 2015), one that links macro-phenomena—whether organizational, network, market, or societal—with micro-processes. Institutional theorists, for instance, commonly agree that we must account for micro-processes (Battilana 2006; Bitektine and Haack 2015; Fine and Hallett 2014; Thornton, Ocasio and Lounsbury 2012). Similar calls for research into micro-processes are heard in other domains: the behavioral theory of the firm (Gavetti, Levinthal and Ocasio 2007), corporate governance (Westphal and Zajac 2013), exploration–exploitation (Lavie, Stettner and Tushman 2010), population ecology (Baum and Amburgey 2002), evolutionary economics (Felin et al. 2012), and new organizational forms, such as online communities and open collaboration (Faraj, Jarvenpaa and Majchrzak 2011; Levine and Prietula 2014). Individual behavior, cognition, and affect are up-front again, promising a better understanding of organizational phenomena, and we believe experiments will play a key part in this endeavor.
This special issue offers scholars an opportunity to push boundaries, conceptual and methodological, with experimental approaches (Bitektine and Miller 2015). We maintain a broad definition of experimental research, including experiments in the laboratory and in the field or investigations that combine experiments and other methods.
questioning an important organizational theory.
Papers that do not explicitly speak to a question at the core of organizational theory fall outside the scope of the special issue.
Relevant organizational theories include, but are not limited to: institutional theory, evolutionary economics, the behavioral theory of the firm, status theory, trust and embeddedness theory, social network theory, new organizational forms, transaction cost economics, population ecology, entrepreneurship, diffusion, and innovation, among others.
or otherwise bridge the micro and the macro, as in Coleman's (1990) bathtub framework (see Felin, Foss and Ployhart 2015 for a recent discussion).
Submissions must have experimental methodology at their core. Relevant experimental approaches include laboratory experiments as well as artefactual, framed, and field experiments (conducted, to varying extent, in the participants' everyday environment, see Levitt and List 2009). Outside the scope of this special issue are techniques that attempt to identify treatment effects in naturally occurring data, such as natural experiments.
Experiments may follow the traditions of sociology, psychology, economics, or a blend of disciplinary traditions (Ariely and Norton 2007).
Many experimental studies include a manipulation whereas others do not. For instance, a manipulation is uncalled-for if an experimental study simply seeks to contrast theory and actual behavior or isolate processes in a controlled environment (Lant and Montgomery 1992; Levine, Bernard and Nagel 2017).
We welcome multi-method papers, such as those that mix experiments with qualitative methods (Fine and Elsbach 2000), archival data (Audia, Locke and Smith 2000), or agent-based models (Fang 2012)—as long as the experimental approach lies at the core of the paper.
We welcome innovative experimental methodologies, such as the use of novel behavioral tasks, video clips, neuroscientific instruments, and protocol analysis (Laureiro-Martínez and Brusoni 2018; Reypens and Levine 2017).
Recent surveys of published research found no systematic differences between the behavior of managers and students (Fréchette 2015, 2016), and we are aware that online labor markets offer a unique opportunity for experiments (Reypens and Levine 2017). Yet, we still expect authors to explain why these populations are appropriate for their study (Bitektine, Lucas and Schilke 2018).
Open data and instruments: Sharing of data and instruments (e.g., instructions, tasks, measures) through a public depository, such as the Open Science Framework (OSF; http://osf.io).
Preregistration: Counterintuitive findings can be more convincing if the hypotheses and analysis plan have been registered before data collection began. Preregistration, which provides a time-stamped copy of the hypotheses, can be easily done at the OSF.
Reporting of exact p-values and statistical power, discussion of effect sizes, and use of alternatives to null-hypothesis testing (Wasserstein and Lazar 2016).
Manuscripts must be submitted electronically via https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/orgsci (choosing "special issue" in step 1). All submissions will receive a comprehensive screening. Manuscripts falling within the methodological and theoretical scope of the special issue (as defined above) and deemed to have a reasonable chance of conditional acceptance after no more than two rounds of revisions will enter the review process. Reviewers will be asked to respond quickly, and authors will have strict deadlines for revisions. The submission window will open on August 1, 2019 and close on September 15, 2019 (11:59 PM EST). Submissions will be reviewed on a rolling basis, so earlier submissions will receive a quicker response. Special requests for early submissions (prior to August 1) may be accommodated in individual cases. We will invite authors to a special-issue conference at the University of Arizona held in May of 2020, where they will present and receive constructive feedback, a means of further condensing time-in-review. The special issue is scheduled for publication in winter 2020-21.
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Audia, P.G., E.A. Locke, K.G. Smith. 2000. The paradox of success: an archival and a laboratory study of strategic persistence following radical environmental change. Academy of Management Journal 43(5) 837-853.
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Coleman, J.S. 1990. Foundations of social theory. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
Correll, S.J., C.L. Ridgeway, E.W. Zuckerman, S. Jank, S. Jordan-Bloch, S. Nakagawa. 2017. It's the conventional thought that counts: how third-order inference produces status advantage. American Sociological Review 82(2) 297-327.
Croson, R., J. Anand, R. Agarwal. 2007. Using experiments in corporate strategy research. European Management Review 4(3) 173-181.
Fang, C. 2012. Organizational learning as credit assignment: a model and two experiments. Organization Science 23(6) 1717-1732.
Faraj, S., S.L. Jarvenpaa, A. Majchrzak. 2011. Knowledge collaboration in online communities. Organization Science 22(5) 1224-1239.
Felin, T., N.J. Foss, K.H. Heimeriks, T.L. Madsen. 2012. Microfoundations of routines and capabilities: individuals, processes, and structure. Journal of Management Studies 49(8) 1351-1374.
Felin, T., N.J. Foss, R.E. Ployhart. 2015. The microfoundations movement in strategy and organization theory. Academy of Management Annals 9(1) 575-632.
Fine, G.A., K.D. Elsbach. 2000. Ethnography and experiment in social psychological theory building: tactics for integrating qualitative field data with quantitative lab data. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 36(1) 51-76.
Fine, G.A., T. Hallett. 2014. Group cultures and the everyday life of organizations: interaction orders and meso-analysis. Organization Studies 35(12) 1773-1792.
Fréchette, G.R. 2015. Laboratory experiments: professionals versus students. G.R. Fréchette, A. Schotter, eds. Handbook of experimental economic methodology. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 360-390.
Fréchette, G.R. 2016. Experimental economics across subject populations. J.H. Kagel, A.E. Roth, eds. The handbook of experimental economics. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 435-480.
Gavetti, G., D. Levinthal, W. Ocasio. 2007. Neo-Carnegie: the Carnegie school's past, present, and reconstructing for the future. Organization Science 18(3) 523-536.
Glaser, V.L., N.J. Fast, D.J. Harmon, S. Green. 2016. Institutional frame switching: how institutional logics shape individual action. Research in the Sociology of Organizations 48A 35-69.
Hafenbrädl, S., D. Waeger. 2017. Ideology and the micro-foundations of CSR: why executives believe in the business case for CSR and how this affects their CSR engagements. Academy of Management Journal 60(4) 1582-1606.
Harmon, D.J., P.H. Kim, K.J. Mayer. 2015. Breaking the letter vs. spirit of the law: how the interpretation of contract violations affects trust and the management of relationships. Strategic Management Journal 36(4) 497-517.
Kovács, B., G.R. Carroll, D.W. Lehman. 2014. Authenticity and consumer value ratings: empirical tests from the restaurant domain. Organization Science 25(2) 458-478.
Lant, T.K., D.B. Montgomery. 1992. Simulation games as a research method for studying strategic decision making: the case of MARKSTRAT. Working paper, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Laureiro-Martínez, D., S. Brusoni. 2018. Cognitive flexibility and adaptive decision-making: evidence from a laboratory study of expert decision makers. Strategic Management Journal 39(4) 1031-1058.
Laureiro-Martínez, D., S. Brusoni, N. Canessa, M. Zollo. 2015. Understanding the exploration-exploitation dilemma: an fMRI study of attention control and decision-making performance. Strategic Management Journal 36(3) 319-338.
Lavie, D., U. Stettner, M.L. Tushman. 2010. Exploration and exploitation within and across organizations. Academy of Management Annals 4(1) 109-155.
Levine, S.S., E.P. Apfelbaum, M. Bernard, V.L. Bartelt, E.J. Zajac, D. Stark. 2014. Ethnic diversity deflates price bubbles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111(52) 18524-18529.
Levine, S.S., M. Bernard, R. Nagel. 2017. Strategic intelligence: the cognitive capability to anticipate competitor behavior. Strategic Management Journal 38(12) 2390-2423.
Levine, S.S., M.J. Prietula. 2014. Open collaboration for innovation: principles and performance. Organization Science 25(5) 1414-1433.
Levitt, S.D., J.A. List. 2009. Field experiments in economics: The past, the present, and the future. Eur Econ Rev 53(1) 1-18.
Mason, W., S. Suri. 2012. Conducting behavioral research on Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Behavior Research Methods 44(1) 1-23.
Merton, R.K. 1949. On sociological theories of the middle range. R.K. Merton, ed. Social theory and social structure. Free Press, Glencoe, IL, 39-53.
Raaijmakers, A., P. Vermeulen, M. Meeus, C. Zietsma. 2015. I need time! Exploring pathways to compliance under institutional complexity. Academy of Management Journal 58(1) 85-110.
Reypens, C., S.S. Levine. 2017. To grasp cognition in action, combine behavioral experiments with protocol analysis. R.J. Galavan, K.J. Sund, G.P. Hodgkinson, eds. Methodological challenges and advances in managerial and organizational cognition. Emerald, 123-146.
Schilke, O. 2018. A micro-institutional inquiry into resistance to environmental pressures. Academy of Management Journal 61(4) 1431-1466.
Smith, E.B., W. Rand. forthcoming. Simulating macro-level effects from micro-level observations. Management Science https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2877.
Thornton, P.H., W. Ocasio, M. Lounsbury. 2012. The institutional logics perspective: a new approach to culture, structure and process. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Wasserstein, R.L., N.A. Lazar. 2016. The ASA's statement on p-values: context, process, and purpose. American Statistician 70(2) 129-133.
Weick, K.E. 1967. Organizations in the laboratory. V.H. Vroom, ed. Methods of organizational research. University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, PA, 1-56.
Westphal, J.D., E.J. Zajac. 2013. A behavioral theory of corporate governance: explicating the mechanisms of socially situated and socially constituted agency. Academy of Management Annals 7(1) 607-661.
Wollersheim, J., K.H. Heimeriks. 2016. Dynamic capabilities and their characteristic qualities: insights from a lab experiment. Organization Science 27(2) 233-248.
Zelditch, M. 1980. Can you really study an army in a laboratory? A. Etzioni, E.W. Lehman, eds. A sociological reader on complex organizations, 3 ed. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, New York, NY, 528-539.
Zucker, L.G. 1977. The role of institutionalization in cultural persistence. American Sociological Review 42(5) 726-743.


PARIS – Russian sailors are leaving a French Atlantic port without the French-made warship they were supposed to take home.
France suspended the delivery of the ship to Russia "until further notice" last month because of the conflict in Ukraine. The ship was part of the biggest arms sale ever by a NATO country to the Kremlin. But Russia's actions in Ukraine have made the French government reconsider the billion-euro deal, even if it means paying Russia back.
About 400 Russian sailors have spent months training aboard the warship, a Mistral-class helicopter carrier called the Vladivostok. They were living aboard a Russian ship, the Smolny.
The Smolny began leaving the port of Saint-Nazaire on Thursday, according to an AP photographer watching the departure.


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› Indirect Tax Update - VAT for businesses
Indirect Tax Update - VAT for businesses if there is no Brexit agreement
Indirect Tax Update - VAT for businesses
The purpose of this update is to inform businesses of the consequences in relation to VAT rules for goods and services moving between EU Member States and the United Kingdom if the United Kingdom (UK) exits the EU on 29 March 2019 without a Withdrawal Agreement (WA). The note sets out important information to be taken into account by companies trading with persons established in the UK.
Harry Charalambous
Board Member, In Charge of Indirect Tax Services
KPMG in Cyprus
Part A: General information
Exit with or without an agreement
Should the Withdrawal Agreement for the Brexit is ratified before 30 March 2019, most of the legal effects of the Brexit will enter into force on 1 January 2021, i.e. after a transitional period of 21 months, with the relevant terms set out in the draft WA. If the two sides ratify the agreement, they will continue in the next 21 months to treat shipments of goods to and from the United Kingdom as intra-Community acquisitions and dispatches, and VIES statements will continue to be submitted.
Otherwise, that is, without an agreement, as of 30 March 2019, the United Kingdom will be treated as a third country and therefore shipments of goods to and from the United Kingdom will be treated as imports and exports respectively.
- Until 29 March 2019
The current VAT rules continue to apply
- After 29 March 2019, if there is no agreement
If the United Kingdom leaves the EU on 29 March 2019 without an agreement, then there will be specific changes to the VAT rules and procedures applicable to trade transactions between EU Member States and the United Kingdom.
In such a case, companies should prepare for the import and export of goods to and from the United Kingdom, the provision of services to and from the UK, and their interaction with EU VAT systems such as (Mini One Stop Shop (MOSS) and the 'Value Added Tax Information Exchange System (VIES)'.
The current rules on imports from third countries will also apply to imports from the United Kingdom. It is noted that the UK, among the measures it is preparing to deal with a non-agreed Brexit, is to exempt companies from paying import VAT by applying the reverse charge procedure.
On the European Union side, no such announcements have yet been issued with a statement of intent and instructions to companies, so our note is issued with all reservations based on the available information on the subject. Some Member States, including Cyprus, have already issued notices regarding VAT refund claims from other Member States since the UK will no longer participate in the EU VAT refund scheme. These announcements encourage businesses to submit electronically, claims for VAT refunds before 29 March 2019.
EU VAT refund system
It is expected that, if the UK exits the EU without an agreement, businesses based in the UK may face difficulties because they will no longer have access to the EU VAT refund system. They will of course still have the ability of claiming VAT refunds from EU Member States, but will have to use the procedures applicable to non-MS that have concluded reciprocity agreements on VAT refunds.
After 29 March 2019, EU businesses will have to submit VAT refund requests from the United Kingdom by applying a new procedure to be announced by UK or the current procedure for third country businesses. It is noted that the deadlines for submitting requests are different depending on whether the request is submitted to a MS or a third country with which there is reciprocity agreement. Requests for VAT refunds paid in the UK by companies established in third countries are submitted by 31 December and cover a period of 12 months from 1 July to 30 June.
Businesses established in MS may, and are therefore urged, before 29 March 2019 to submit electronically VAT refund claims to UK VAT Authorities for the calendar year 2018. The deadline would normally expire by 30 September 2019 if the UK exits EU under an agreement.
On 22 February 2019 an announcement was issued by the Department of Taxation of the Republic of Cyprus entitled "Returns to Traders in Other Member States under Directive 2008/9", urging companies to submit their request by 10 March 2019 in order to enable the Department of Taxation to forward it before 29 March 2019 to the United Kingdom VAT authorities.
EU businesses exporting goods to the UK
If the United Kingdom leaves the EU without an agreement, EU-registered companies will continue to be able to exempt from VAT sales to UK companies without having to fill in the VIES and INTRASTAT for dispatches.
They should keep evidence to show that the goods have been exported. Most businesses already maintain this information as part of the current procedures and the required data will be similar to those currently required for exports to third countries.
EU businesses importing goods from the United Kingdom
EU Member States will treat goods entering the EU from the United Kingdom in the same way as goods imported from third countries with equivalent import VAT and customs duties owed upon arrival of the goods in the EU. Some Member States of the EU may have different VAT rules for imports from third countries.
VAT on vehicles from the United Kingdom
If the United Kingdom exits the EU without an agreement, it is expected that the Cypriot businesses trading in used passenger cars will be significantly affected. Import VAT will be payable on second-hand vehicles from the United Kingdom and no longer eligible for the profit margin scheme for non-VAT-qualifying passenger cars.
Place of supply of services
If the United Kingdom leaves the EU without an agreement, the main rules on the place of supply of services will remain the same.
European companies providing electronic services to non-business customers in the United Kingdom will probably be affected (perhaps positively). The "place of supply" will continue to be the place of residence of the customer. If the United Kingdom does not apply a special regime, analogous to the "non-EU" regime applied by the EU to third-country firms, the provision of e-services to UK consumers will be exempt from VAT.
European businesses providing insurance and financial services to UK companies will also be positively affected in relation to the ability of these companies to claim input tax in relation to costs related to the provision of these services.
Tour Operators Margin Scheme (TOMS)
If the United Kingdom leaves the EU without an agreement, the profit margin from designated travel services or packages of designated travel services taking place in the UK will be subject to zero (0%) instead of the positive VAT rate (19%).
Mini One Stop Shop (MOSS)
If the United Kingdom left the EU without an agreement, non-EU companies that had selected the United Kingdom as their country of registration to provide online services to consumers in the EU will no longer be able to use the Mini One Stop Shop portal (MOSS) in the United Kingdom. They should enroll in the non-EU MOSS VAT system in another EU Member State.
This note is for general information only and may be subject to changes. You should consider whether you need separate professional advice before proceeding with final arrangements.
You can obtain information on developments on the website of the European Commission.
Part B: Customs guide for businesses based in Cyprus
In the absence of a Withdrawal Agreement, which would put in place a transition period until the end of 2020 (with the possibility of an extension foreseen in the Withdrawal Agreement), the UK will be treated as a non-EU country for customs purposes as of 30 March 2019.
If you have not taken any steps so far, it is now necessary to start your preparation.
Brexit will affect your company if it
- sells goods or supplies services to the UK, or
- buys goods or receives services from the UK, or
- moves goods through the UK.
Without a transitional period (as tabled in the Withdrawal Agreement) or a definitive arrangement, trade relations with the UK will be governed by general WTO rules, without application of preferences, as of 30 March 2019.
This means in particular that:
- Customs formalities will apply, declarations will have to be lodged and customs authorities may require guarantees for potential or existing customs debts.
- Customs duties will apply to goods entering the EU from the United Kingdom, without preferences.
- Prohibitions or restrictions may also apply to some goods entering the EU from the United Kingdom, which means that import or export licenses might be required.
- Import and export licenses issued by the United Kingdom will no longer be valid in the EU.
- Authorizations for customs simplifications or procedures, such as customs warehousing, issued by the United Kingdom will no longer be valid in the EU (EU27).
- Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) authorizations issued by the United Kingdom will no longer be valid in the EU (EU27).
- Member States will charge VAT at importation of goods entering the EU from the United Kingdom. Exports to the United Kingdom will be exempt from VAT.
- Rules for the declaration and payment of VAT (for supplies of services such as electronic services), and for cross-border VAT refunds will change.
- Movements of goods to the United Kingdom will require an export declaration. Movement of excise goods to the UK may also require an electronic administrative document (SAD).
- Movements of excise goods from the United Kingdom to the EU will have to be released from customs formalities before a movement under Excise Movement and Control System (EMCS) can begin.
In order to avoid interruption of work, all affected businesses need to prepare and make the necessary decisions by completing all the necessary procedural actions before 29 March 2019.
The following checklist lists the practical steps you need to take to prepare yourself:
1. ASSESS whether your business trades with the UK or moves goods through the UK.
If it does:
2. REGISTER your business with the national customs authority, if you have not done so for trading with non-EU countries.
3. ASSESS whether your business is ready to continue trading with or via the UK by having the necessary:
(a) Human capacity (staff trained in customs matters);
(b) Technical capacity (IT systems and others); and
(c) ustoms authorizations, such as for special procedures (storage, processing or for goods under the "specific use" rule).
4. ENQUIRE with your national customs authority about the existing customs simplifications and facilitations that are available for your business, such as:
Simplifications for transit procedures.
(a) Comprehensive guarantees, with reduced amounts or waivers;
(b) Simplifications for placing goods under a customs procedure;
5. CONSIDER applying for an Authorised Economic Operator (AEO) status from your national customs authority.
6. If you are registered for the VAT Mini-One-Stop-Shop in the UK, REGISTER in an another Member State.
7. If you have paid VAT in the UK in 2018, SUBMIT your VAT refund claims sufficiently in advance of 29 March 2019 for them to be processed before that date.
8. TALK to your business partners (suppliers, intermediaries, carriers etc.) as Brexit might also impact your supply chain.
How can KPMG assist?
Should you like to further discuss the content and potential impact of the Circular to your business, please contact one of our trusted advisors from the Indirect Tax Department at KPMG Cyprus.
KPMG's Indirect Tax team provides advice and assistance at the Cyprus and international level. We structure our effort to dovetail with your business issues and strategy. Our focus is on supplying value adding and pragmatic advice rather than just a list of recommendations.
Our tax professionals are able to review your company's current tax position and provide relevant advice and planning on a range of indirect taxes, including VAT, customs duties and excise taxes (such as tax audits, reorganizations and acquisitions, etc.). Furthermore, we can help your company with its administrative obligations and contacts with administrative bodies.
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Over the previous century, academic psychologists and researchers have posited many theories to provide an explanation for how contributors research, i.e. how they collect, manage and set up wisdom and skills. The 20th century should be thought of the century of psychology on studying and similar fields of curiosity (such as motivation, cognition, metacognition etc.) and it's interesting to determine many of the mainstreams of studying, remembered and forgotten over the 20th century and note that simple assumptions of early theories survived numerous paradigm shifts of psychology and epistemology. past people psychology and its naïve theories of studying, mental studying theories will be grouped into a few easy different types, equivalent to behaviorist studying theories, connectionist studying theories, cognitive studying theories, constructivist studying theories, and social studying theories.
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"A spouse to be cherished," "judicious and authoritative," "informative and entertaining," "an precious paintings of reference"--these are only a few of the words utilized by reviewers to explain the Oxford spouse to Irish historical past. With over 1,800 entries, this acclaimed Companion--now to be had within the Oxford Paperback Reference series--offers a complete and authoritative consultant to all facets of Ireland's prior, from earliest occasions to the current day.
Whereas electronic applied sciences have revolutionized the publishing international within the twenty-first century, something nonetheless continues to be precise: The Chicago handbook of fashion is the authoritative, relied on resource that writers, editors, and publishers flip to for counsel on type and approach. For the 16th version, each point of insurance has been reconsidered to mirror how publishing pros paintings this day.
Over the past two decades, there was an expanding curiosity in feminist perspectives of the Italian literary culture. whereas feminist idea and technique were authorized through the educational neighborhood within the U. S. , the placement is especially diversified in Italy, the place such paintings has been performed principally outdoor the academy.


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text:
Caught in the Middle: How Trump's Anti-Iran Sanctions Inflicting Pain on Iraqis
© AFP 2019 / AHMAD AL-RUBAYE
Baghdad is walking a tightrope between Iran and the US following the resumption of anti-Iranian measures by Donald Trump. Given Iraq's close political and economic ties with the Islamic Republic the US sanctions could hurt it severely and push it further into the arms of Tehran.
Baghdad has found itself between the devil and the deep blue sea, as Donald Trump's first round of anti-Iranian sanctions came into force on August 7.
"As a matter of principle we are against sanctions in the region. Blockade and sanctions destroy societies and do not weaken regimes," Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi stated on August 7. "We consider them [sanctions on Iran] a strategic mistake and incorrect but we will abide by them to protect the interests of our people. We will not interact with them or support them but we will abide by them."
However, on August 13, al-Abadi somewhat backpedaled on his commitment: "I did not say we abide by the sanctions, I said we abide by not using dollars in transactions. We have no choice," he noted.
A senior Iraqi diplomat working in Washington told Sputnik that "the US understands the complexity of Iraq's relations with Iran," but "continue to exert pressure." According to him, Baghdad is in a situation when it needs to maintain good relations with both the US and Iran.
© REUTERS / TIMA
'Not Our Problem': Spanish Company Vows to Defy US Sanctions, Continue Business With Iran
Abadi's recent remarks have not gone unnoticed by Washington: During an August 14 press conference State Department Spokesperson Heather Nauer made it clear that the US "will continue to hold countries accountable for any violation of sanctions."
The first round of sanctions imposed on Tehran on August 7, envisages placing restrictions on Iran's automotive sector, the rial and on the country's trade in gold and precious metals. The second batch of sanctions that is expected to take effect on November 5 will target Iran's energy sector, including petroleum-related transactions, as well as transactions by foreign financial institutions with the Central Bank of Iran.
The US is resuming its sanctions regime against the Islamic Republic after Donald Trump's withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), commonly known as the Iran nuclear deal, in May 2018.
Bound Together by Politics and Trade
Washington's unilateral move has already backfired on Iraqis. Following Washington's pullout from the nuclear deal the Iranian national currency has plummeted by almost 50 percent, inflicting pain on Iraqi investors. According to The Washington Post, during the 2015 Daesh (ISIS/ISIL)* onslaught the people of Iraq poured millions of dollars into Iranian banks seeking a safe haven for their life-savings.
US Wants Iran to Become a Country That Never Says No to Washington – Prof
Besides, Iranian banks offered up to 20 percent interest in 2015 expecting an economic boom after the lifting of the anti-Iranian sanctions by the US and the EU. Now, the Iraqi deposits have gone down in value.
Meanwhile, Iran, who shares a 1,500-kilometer border with Iraq, remains Baghdad's second-largest trading partner after Turkey. The Islamic republic supplies its neighbor with almost everything from milk to cement and bricks: "Walk into almost any market in Iraq and the shelves are filled with goods from Iran — milk, yogurt, chicken," The New York Times wrote in July 2017. Moreover, Iraq is dependent on Iranian natural gas to operate its electric power stations.
Under these circumstances, "Iraq has no choice but to violate sanctions," Politico presumed, adding that it could "drive the country further into Iran's sphere of influence," — exactly what the Trump administration is fighting against.
© AP Photo / Cliff Owen
On the Hook: What Tehran Can Expect From Iran Action Group's Boss
According to the media outlet, if Iraq chooses to abide by the US sanctions policy, Iran could exert substantial economic and political pressure on its neighbor.
Al-Monitor echoes this stance, saying that "Iran has enough influence to replace Abadi with other candidates" in case he follows the US suit. The online newspaper noted that the Iraqi prime minister had recently come under heavy criticism from the pro-Iranian Fatah Alliance, the second biggest winner in the May parliamentary elections after Muqtada al-Sadr's Sairun, and even his own Islamic Dawa Party. In addition, the representative of the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) in Iran, Nazem Dabbagh, has signaled Erbil's support for Iran and slammed Abadi for obeying Washington.
*Daesh (ISIS/ISIL/Islamic State), is a terrorist group banned in Russia.
Iraq Launches Airstrike on Daesh 'Operations Room' in Syria - Iraqi Army
UN Report Claims Daesh Has 30,000 Fighters Between Iraq and Syria
Finland to Participate in NATO Training Mission in Iraq
Who is Muqtada Al-Sadr, the Religious Cleric Who Won Iraq's Election Recount?
Iraq to Stop Trading With Iran in US Dollars Due to Sanctions - Gov't Spokesman
anti-Iranian sanctions, electricity, gas, trade, Daesh, Muqtada al-Sadr, Haidar al-Abadi, Donald Trump, Iran, Iraq, United States, Middle East


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Home Sports Basketball 108-86. Layman emerges as a surprise factor in the victory of the...
108-86. Layman emerges as a surprise factor in the victory of the Trail Blazers
thesunstaff
108-86. Layman emerges as a surprise factor in the victory of the Trail Blazers Damian Lillard of the Portland Trail Blazers in action during an NBA basketball game. EFE / Archive
The reserve forward Jake Layman scored 24 points, his best mark as a pro, and became the surprise factor in the attack of the Portland Trail Blazer, who won comfortably 108-86 to the Phoenix Suns and broke three-game losing streak Consecutive
Layman, who scored 15 points in less than six minutes he was on the field and finished the game with 10 baskets of 13 shots, had started at the start of the season, but went to the bench with the recovery of Puerto Rican forward Maurice Harkless, I had been injured.
Damian Lillard with 25 points and eight assists was again the leader of the Trail Blazers, who had a partial advantage of 31 points.
The Bosnian pivot Jusuf Nurkic stayed at the doors of double-double with nine points and 14 rebounds, including 10 defensive, which left him in front of the inside game.
The victory came at the best time for the Trail Blazers (14-11), who had lost six of the last seven games and moved away from first place in the Northwest Division that now occupies the Denver Nuggets, followed by the Thunder Oklahoma City
Reserve guard Troy Daniels scored 15 points, his best record of the season, and led the attack of the Suns (4-21), the worst team in the league, who could barely score nine points in the first quarter for the second consecutive game. and they lost the seventh game in a row.
Losses due to injury of the Spanish escort Devin Booker, leader of the Suns, who missed the second consecutive game with a muscular pull in the left leg, and forward TJWarren, who did not play the fourth game followed with ankle discomfort Right, they left the Phoenix team with no chance to win.
Rookie base Elie Okobo, forward Mikal Bridbge and center forward Deandre Ayton took the weight of the team, but their combined contribution of 28 points could not prevent the defeat (EFEUSA).
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Two seriously injured during celebration of the Raptors
The Pelicans forget Davis, renew Gentry and think of Williamson
Curry: "Thompson's injury hurt us, although I admit my mistake"
The Warriors will rely on the "spirit" of Durant and will seek to tie the series
Curry: "You have to take off your cap before the players of the Raptors"
The Warriors confirm the loss of Durant and are optimistic with Thompson


This book does a great job on this issue of men and church. He outlines the most basic factors that affect men. He discusses how they think and what appeals to them. David Murrow also outlines the history that has brought the church to its current form, which generally repels men.
The only thing he misses, although bounces around, is the our Gospel understanding which is a the core of the problem David states "Again, there's no need to alter the gospel, Jesus, doctrines, or core beliefs." He writes about our gospel lacking self-sacrifice then misses it that the Gospel is call to risk….I'm not surprised since this main blind spot of the Church today.
Murrow, David (2011-11-01). Why Men Hate Going to Church (Kindle Location 2317). Thomas Nelson. Kindle Edition.


Sir Francis Galton F.R.S. (February 16, 1822 – January 17, 1911), half-cousin of Charles Darwin, was an English Victorian polymath, anthropologist, eugenicist, tropical explorer, geographer, inventor, meteorologist, proto-geneticist, psychometrician, and statistician. A Fellow of the Royal Society, he was knighted in 1909.
Galton had a prolific intellect, and produced over 340 papers and books throughout his lifetime. He created the statistical concept of correlation and widely promoted regression toward the mean. He was the first to apply statistical methods to the study of human differences and inheritance of intelligence, and introduced the use of questionnaires and surveys for collecting data on human communities, which he needed for genealogical and biographical works and for his anthropometric studies. He was a pioneer in eugenics, coining the very term itself and the phrase "nature versus nurture". As an investigator of the human mind, he founded psychometrics (the science of measuring mental faculties) and differential psychology. He devised a method for classifying fingerprints that proved useful in forensic science. As the initiator of scientific meteorology, he devised the first weather map, proposed a theory of anticyclones, and was the first to establish a complete record of short-term climatic phenomena on a European scale. He also invented the silent dog whistle, and the electrocardiograph.
This page was last edited on 19 March 2015, at 18:50.


text:
Topic: The John W Henry Interview - Part One
Author Topic: The John W Henry Interview - Part One (Read 182864 times)
Veinticinco de Mayo
Almost as nice as Hellmans and cheaper too! Feedback tourist #57. President of ZATAA.
In an aeroplane over RAWK
The John W Henry Interview - Part One
A week or so ago some of you contributed questions that you would like to ask our new owner. Thanks to all of you who took time to do so, there were some great questions in there. So much so that the number of questions we sent over to him jumped from about ten to a rather weighty 23.
Anyway, he has now been kind enough to send us the first batch of answers. However, along with your questions a lot of you had things that you said that you would like to tell him. I passed many of these on. The next post is the preamble to the questions along with your feedback.
Tweeting shit about LFC @kevhowson Tweeting shit about music @GigMonkey2
Bill Shankly - 'The socialism I believe in is not really politics; it is humanity, a way of living and sharing the rewards'
Re: The John W Henry Interview - Part One
For the interview, we asked users to contribute questions that they would like to ask you if they got chance. Many users also took the opportunity to leave feedback for you as well. I have included some of the feed back below and then listed some of the more interesting questions. Please feel free to answer as many or as few as you want and also feel free to use the reply to pass on any message that you might have for the fans, or ask any questions you might have for us. Anyway to start us off here are some messages from fans:
"With modern football, in the UK at least, being ruled by owners with the deepest pockets, does he know that most level headed Liverpool supporters were looking for someone like him in charge, not necessarily the richest owner, but someone who, on first impressions, seems to be a quiet man, not willing to make crazy promises and grand statements about how we will be the biggest club in world football in 4 years?"
"I'd like him to know that most level headed Liverpool fans want an owner who allows the club to breathe, who slowly creates success on the pitch, which in turn creates success off it."
"I think I would respectfully ask if he can do his upmost to find another Sir John Smith to act as Chairman once Martin Broughton leaves. The departure of Sir John; and his replacement by David Moores has lead us directly to the place we now are: stability comes from the very top - and that top man needs to be someone who is sufficiently distant from the players and management to make the impartial judgments that will be needed to turn the club around."
"I don't want any grand gestures early on, I want him acknowledging that he has some serious work to do. So far he's making all the right noises for me."
"I can't word it as a question, but I really would like to emphasise to him how important it would be to involve Kenny in our future in some capacity. He is the most precious human resource available to us."
"Please don't act like the previous owners and let us move forward into hopefully a few decades of success. Don't underestimate the power of our support as fans."
"Please don't take your cues from the media. They are clueless and it will lead to our downfall."
"I hope it works out for you. If you are succesful here you will have some of the greatest nights of your life. "
"It's not a question that i want to put to him, it's a way for them to go about things. And that's with respect. Respect us, the fans, respect our opinion, respect our history (and with it, both the good times and the darkest of tragedies), respect our tradition, respect the city. If you can do that, the respect that we show you in return will be astronomical."
"Liverpool Football Club, above all else, has been built on excellence on the football pitch. We don't care who you employ, where they come from, what language they speak - just make sure they're the best - chief executive, chairman, manager, players, coaches, tea ladies."
So on to the questions, all these have come directly from fans on the site. I have tried to group them into themed areas to make things easier. I guess the first theme is Why Liverpool?
1. Given that financially there are far more reliable investments. What motivates you to invest in and buy sports clubs?
We are an organization filled with people who are driven to compete at the highest level. There certainly are better investments than sports clubs, but we know that everything we do has meaning to large numbers of people. And what we do has meaning for us. We wake up every day thinking about what we can do improve our chances of winning a championship. It's incredibly interesting and we really enjoy working together toward a common goal.
2. What was your motivation, individually and as a company, for buying Liverpool FC? Was there one thing that sold the club to you?
We kept seeing the similarities to purchasing the Red Sox in 2002. They've been recounted in the media. But the most important issue for us was the ability to compete at the highest level in the world's biggest sport. Liverpool FC provides that opportunity. I believe almost any sports fan would purchase a club, if they had the means. We had the means – both financially and with regard to organizational strength - to run one of the most coveted sports clubs in the world. It's a privilege.
3. It's naiive to think you made the decision to buy Liverpool FC without the input of any "football people". Care to name-drop those who advised you during your due dilligence?
We did our own due diligence. We don't know English football, but we do know the sports business. It's been a very steep learning curve – but one that has been rewarding and interesting. The structure of football in Europe is totally different from what we are used to. It's fascinating and challenging. Now we are lucky enough to be meeting football people who can give us input. Our biggest responsibility is to bring in the right people to the club on and off the field.
The next group of questions are unfortunately your inheritance from the previous owners.
4. How have NESV funded the £300m acquisition?
This simple answer is that we paid cash for LFC and left £37 million of stadium debt in place – even though there is no stadium in place – just a lot of expensive plans etc. We view stadiums as separate from clubs. They are separate entities.
We have some very successful partners – some of whom are big EPL fans – and we are well-financed internally. But NESV has always had debt from the first day we purchased the Red Sox. We have some partners who look at Internal Rate of Return and almost demand that we have debt as a consequence. Debt increases IRR.
I recently read the New York Yankees have $3.5 billion of debt, but I've never heard a Yankee fan complain about it. I've never heard a Red Sox fan complain about the usage of credit. Credit is probably more acceptable in American culture than elsewhere. But you have some people that are good at borrowing money and poor at investing beyond that. There are others – and we feel we are in this camp – have lines of credit etc., that are good at running businesses prudently and invest in those businesses.
In nine years of operation our partnership has yet to make a profit distribution. We've only made tax distributions. We've invested a quarter of a billion dollars into Fenway Park. We've invested in players – second among thirty MLB clubs – over the last nine years. We're invested now in LFC and there is work to be done on the stadium front there as well. Other than the stadium debt mentioned above, there is no debt on LFC. This has greatly reduced interest payments which I believe were running close to £40 million per annum.
5. Is there a contractual commitment that non of the acquisition debt will be placed on the club?
No, none was needed.
6. How does NESV intend to extract money to make a profit on this transaction?
That's a good question. With the club struggling, money I can't foresee any profits being "extracted." Hopefully someday LFC will be worth more than it is today.
7. What is the capital structure and cashflow of NESV, and how does it service its debt?
It's a private company and we do not release financial information. LFC, however, does release financial information annually.
The next batch are all about your plans for the club now that you have your feet under the desk...
8. All of the questions I would want answered are to do with things he really needs to reflect on awhile. I'd be interested at this stage however, to know what his five key milestones for the next three years would be.
We are focused on getting the club positioned to win trophies within the Financial Fair Play rules that are being imposed next year. That means off the field we are intent on increasing LFC revenues worldwide. On the field we have to be smarter. Arsenal and ManU have depth that is young and capable. We do not. We have a lot of work to do there. A lot of work. And we will, but we have to be smart about it.
9. Liverpool FC needs a sustained period of stability. Liverpool supporters will be patient as long as we can sense that we are moving in the right direction. How long are you planning on staying? Are we a long-term (10 years+) or a shorter term project?
Long-term. Everything we do is for the long-term.
10. Mr. Henry & co. - Liverpool Football Club has one of the largest fanbases in the world with passionate Reds in every corner of the globe. With the greatest of respect, the sport of baseball in which your team has achieved great success is a major sport in Northern America but is not comparable to Liverpool Football Club or the Premier League in terms of fanbase / viewing figures etc etc. How do you plan to market the club globally and expand and enhance the club's profile worldwide in the future?
This requires a long answer. Perhaps I should take a break and answer this and the other questions in the next installment.
© RAWK and SaveLFC 2010
« Last Edit: October 30, 2010, 08:09:23 am by Veinticinco de Mayo »
Clearly we will post up the answers to the remaining questions as soon as we have them.
I would however like to publicly thanks John W Henry for taking the time to come up with those honest answers to the first nine questions. I would also like to thank Smithdown Andy once again for keeping the channels of communication open.
Hazell
Ultimate Movie Night Draft Winner 2017. King - or Queen - of Mystery. Hyzenthlay. The 5th Benitle's sex conch.
Thanks for that. Good to have him engaging with the fans (I know he's done it in other ways as well).
We have to change from doubter to believer. Now.
Thanks for all concerned in pulling that together. Already the difference in class between our owners is shining through. I think this is the start of a beautiful journey together.
Quote from: Boitol on October 29, 2010, 11:47:38 pm
Are we allowed to ask about the manager and voice 99% of fans concerns ?
The fact that you seem to think you represent 99% of fans automatically disqualifies you from the role of sane spokeperson on fan issues.
Seriously though, please don't. It is not the way to do it. There are myriad threads on here and on other forums where threads can express their doubts and concerns about the manager. Let's keep this one on topic. ie let's debate NESV, their willingness to talk to us and the answers given to the specific questions.
« Last Edit: October 29, 2010, 11:51:17 pm by Veinticinco de Mayo »
I would suggest not in this topic. The interview questions were about NESV and the acquisition, no the manager. There are countless Roy topics to vent your spleen in.
shanks_legend
Whopper/Beaut of the highest order
This is no slight on Mr Henry or NESV, but I find it staggering that theres no contractual obligations stopping them from at some point in the future, loading the aquisition debt back onto the club.
Quote from: SFiasco on May 7, 2013, 10:13:25 pm
If he retires I'll eat my fucking cock.
Oscarmac
Kenny is King
thanks to j henry, am sure your having a look at the responses...
They are only great because we are on our knees......let us arise!
...we had dreams and songs to sing...
Well in, VdM.
Appreciate him answering the questions.
"My idea was to build Liverpool into a bastion of invincibility. Napoleon had that idea. He wanted to conquer the bloody world. I wanted Liverpool to be untouchable. My idea was to build Liverpool up and up until eventually everyone would have to submit and give in."
hoonin
Well done all involved and encouraging to see Mr Henry engaging with the man on the street.
Very much looking forward to seeing how NESV reconstitute the top end of the club and also how their promise of being "smart" translates into player recruitment.
Quote from: shanks_legend on October 29, 2010, 11:54:01 pm
I think that the point he was making is that to do so would be counterproductive as it would mean that the club was once again unable to compete. If the club cannot compete then it will not make the most of the commercial opportunities and will not accrue in value in the way that they would like (or the way the Redsox have for instance). In short it is in their own best interest not to do so.
Been there. Done that.
You never saw me. I was never here.
VDM,
Thanks for getting the questions to the owner...it's good to see he is being pro-active and making an effort to reply. In all honesty, most wouldn't bother but he did and that is brilliant of him to do so.
This is what we do. And we do it very well. Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bM8gOyjeuc
He says that NESV purchased the club with cash. Presumably, that means there is no acquisition debt, as such.
Also, it would go against the model with which they are trying to grow the club.
« Last Edit: October 30, 2010, 12:01:07 am by Stussy »
Ben_
Continues to sound good.
"Smart"
Quote from: amir87 on February 25, 2010, 05:34:31 pm
The match kicks off in 30 minutes ya silly twat
"This European Cup final is won, AC Milan 3, Liverpool 0."
"This scoreline is absolutely staggering, AC Milan 3, Liverpool 3!" - Five Live
kaffy
This is brilliant. Great work by all those involved and many thanks to you all for doing this. I'm impressed by Mr Henry already - long may it continue.
"I have no words to thank you enough for all these years and I am very proud to say that I was your manager." - Rafa Benitez 3 June 2010
We've got our club back . . . (15/10/2010)
Right folks. Please don't derail this into a manager thread. I'll only have to delete it all in the morning.
Quote from: Stussy on October 29, 2010, 11:59:30 pm
That £300 million has to have come from somewhere. The 'cash' has to have been sourced from somewhere, the equity taken out of some asset, somewhere along the line. He talks of NESV always having carried some debt. I'm just playing devils advocate here - What if theirs, or one of their primary investors' cirumstances were to change? What if there was another economic downturn 5 years down the line? What if there was a world war? Surely it would have been prudent having just come out of what we've come out of, to have something concrete put in place to ensure the club itself remained, for the most part, debt free.
Decent stuff. Be interesting for him to come back on Q10 after a period of reflection.
I think, in all seriousness mate, if there is a world war then we will have other things on our minds.
Slick_Beef
RAWK's Master Baker
Thanks for that, it's wonderful to have a line of communication open with the owner and good of him to take the time to answer, I hope we can keep this up over the years. Looking forward to part 2.
filthy1980
tax dodger
conspiracy shite
he's impressing me
electricghost
Might haunt your wiring, but will usually stop if requested to. Lives in a spirit house in Pra Kanong.
Quote from: shanks_legend on October 30, 2010, 12:05:02 am
I think it is very difficult to get a legally binding arrangement that no debt can ever at any stage be placed on the club. All we can hope for is that they, as they have said, are fully committed to winning. Also, as he mentions, the new fairplay rules would prevent the club having debts like we had under the previous ownership.
"With or without religion, you would have good people doing good things and evil people doing evil things. But for good people to do evil things, that takes religion."
― Steven Weinberg
Lucas21
Half of Everything is Luck
Thanks VdM,
"Bring out The Blimp!"
Thanks for posting, it's very encouraging that he's happy to engage with fans.
That £300 million has to have come from somewhere. The 'cash' has to have been sourced from somewhere, the equity taken out of some asset, somewhere along the line.
I understand that.
In the best case scenario, presumably the arrangement for the capital either does not require any debt to be accrued, or for the raising of the capital to be restructured by being placed on the club in the manner in which H & G loaded up on loans and shifted them straight onto the books. However it has been raised, it hasn't been done by going in hock as the previous owners did. Also, their model for increasing the value of the club depends on the debt not being a burdensome factor in that matter.
("That's a good question. With the club struggling, money I can't foresee any profits being "extracted." Hopefully someday LFC will be worth more than it is today.")
Its right to be asking these questions though.
Skuzzlebutt
Hulk share opinion!!
Well done everyone involved. Massive thanks should also be given to John Henry for taking the time to answer our questions. It means a lot to us to be listened to. Can't wait for part 2 now.
We're gonna win the league-omiter
[00.........................................................]
V5. 2013 edition. Optimism levels rusted solid. We're givin' her all she's got Captain!!!
SmithdownAndy
LFC. Did You Really Think We Would Leave You Dying
I'm in the process of recounting the meeting we had with Mr Henry, and the events leading up to it, and will answer that in due course, but like Kev mentioned earlier I don't think it's in the interests of NESV to load purchase debt on the club for the reasons Kev gave, the answer he did give us to that was very interesting.
Rest In Eternal Peace Ray (shanklyboy) - Gone but will NEVER be forgotten
Why play devils advocate? All the "what if's " serve only to muddy the waters when JWH is trying to be transparent.
The club was purchased from the combined resources of the NESV investors. Might be wrong here but think their group consists of 17 people who put their own money in? Naturally people are wary of debt after the last 3 1/2 years but Henry has stated several times that no debt was used to purchase the club. He made a point of mentioning a few weeks back that NESV initially considered a bid of debt + cash but eventually dropped the idea.
Re: the reference to using debt, it's part and parcel of what makes the modern world tick. Every well run business utilises credit. What hampered the club in recent years was diverting the clubs own income to service interest on other peoples debt (i.e. G&H).
« Last Edit: October 30, 2010, 12:24:41 am by Gareth »
Quote from: Skuzzlebutt on October 30, 2010, 12:15:48 am
Our thanks have been passed on to Mr Henry for taking the time to answer our questions honestly and openly, well the first 9 anyway, I'm sure he'll be back with the rest soon, but he is a busy man as I'm sure we all know. We never would have had this with the last owners though so I'm sure we can all appreciate him taking the time to do this.
Vork+The Knights of Good
Macklin, you son of a bitch.
This is brilliant! Thanks to VdM, SmithdownAndy, anyone else who aided, and, of course, Mr. Henry. It is extremely encouraging to see how willing they have been to engage with supporters. I hope this continues and can't wait to read the next portion of the interview. Thanks again to everyone!
Terry de Niro
Cellar dweller fella, ya know
Are you talkin' to me or chewin' a brick?
Excellent work lads. Looking forward to reading the rest of it.
http://www.redandwhitekop.com/forum/index.php?topic=219996.msg7899639#msg7899639
Rest in peace Ray Osborne/shanklyboy
Seebab
hit that post. We winced.
Quote from: SmithdownAndy on October 30, 2010, 12:22:01 am
Nice one. Good job. Thanks for posting VdM
Some folks are born into a good life
Other folks get it anyway anyhow
NornIron!!
As poppy petals gently fall
Remember us who gave our all
Not in the mud of foreign lands
Not buried in the desert sands
In Ulster field and farm and town
Fermanagh lanes and drumlin'd Down
We died that violent death should cease
And Ulstermen might live in peace.
Stanno06
Scouse not English
I must say that the way they have conducted themselves so far leaves me optimistic for the future. We shall see.
"Rock and Roll's been going downhill ever since Buddy Holly died" - American Graffiti
www.plasma-metal-art.com
liddellpool
Tuned to a natural E.
Brilliant work by all.
Two things interest me.
An admission (?) that his group won't be taking a dividend (but does anyone from a Football Club?). But that one day he may sell at a profit. I am happy with that, given that if he builds us up into a power once more, we will be worth more. And I want us to be a power.
On the field we have to be smarter. This screams of a Director of Football figure, not to build the club in the guise of it's manager, but to have the first team manager work within the ethos of the club. And for a man clearly well versed in the art of simple understatement, I do like the phrase 'young and capable'.
great post vdm , agree with every word of your opening statement , welcome mr henry and nesv . i,m looking forward to a long happy relationship with you . as to shanks legend,s concerns - realise 1 key point shanks nesv = 17 members each contributing approx 17 mil each i dont see any circomstances where they,ll feel the need to re-voke their investment given their individual wealth . this is and will be a very rewarding investment for them emocionally and financially , hopefully they,ll experience some of the truelly remarkable nights we have spent watching our team in the very near future , leading to what we have! ----- LFC coursing thru our vains
Demandred
Do not forsake me oh my darlin
I'll be waiting, with a gun & a pack of sandwiches
Just wanted to say thanks for this to all who were involved.
So far I'm very optimistic, with a hint of cynicism learnt from the past. I can't wait until that leaves me!
humph77
Great work and thanks for getting this info from our owner(s) fellahs - interesting read and encouraging for the future.
Don't know what I take most pleasure in, this or the previous owners final squirming lying interview.


On Thursday, February 21 at 7 p.m., Edmund's Oast restaurant will host a wine dinner inspired by the iconic Musar wines from Lebanon. Importer and Master Sommelier Max Kast will be on hand to lead the dinner featuring an array of Musar wines – including older vintages.
Chef Bob Cook and Pastry Chef Heather Hutton will prepare a four course "family style" dinner to compliment the wines. The dinner will be held in "The Library," the new private dining room at Edmund's Oast. Tickets are $99, all inclusive, and can be purchased on the restaurant's website. Seating is extremely limited.
There will be a free tasting of Musar wines before the dinner at Edmund's Oast Exchange, from 5:30 to 6:30.


The Mozilla Foundation has outlined new features on its Firefox browser to help enhance web performance and protect its users with a default blocker for cryptomining malware.
The Vice President of product, Nick Nguyen made it known on Thursday, August 30, 2018, that future versions of the open-source browser will by default, block crypto mining malware scripts.
"In the near future, Firefox will—by default, protect users by blocking tracking, while offering a clear set of controls to give our users more choice over what information they share with sites" – he wrote in the blog post.
In a wider bid to prevent third-party tracking scripts from affecting user experience, future versions of Firefox will pay more attention to improving page performance. This new feature is being trialed on Firefox Nightly version and its success is expected to be consolidated in Firefox 65 version.
"We've already made this available for our Firefox Nightly users to try out, and we will be running a shield study to test the experience with some of our beta users in September. We aim to bring this protection to all users in Firefox 65, and will continue to refine our approach to provide the strongest possible protection while preserving a smooth user experience" – he noted on the blog.
Mozilla has toed the line of Google and Opera in introducing measures offering crypto miner protection for its users.
Cryptominer protection has already buoyed the desktop version of Opera. In January, the company announced its default crypto miner protect to the smartphone version of its browser. While Google is yet to release any official statement on the banning of third-party scripts found on its website, it is believed the company has already banned cryptomining apps from its Play store.


text:
Staying Safe (and Sane) While Waiting for a COVID-19 Vaccine
Mental Health News
Tonya Russell
Tonya Russell is a Philadelphia-based journalist with a passion for mental health, wellness, and culture. When she isn't writing, she's training for a marathon or riding horses.
Verywell Mind content is rigorously reviewed by a team of qualified and experienced fact checkers. Fact checkers review articles for factual accuracy, relevance, and timeliness. We rely on the most current and reputable sources, which are cited in the text and listed at the bottom of each article. Content is fact checked after it has been edited and before publication. Learn more.
Emily Swaim
Fact checked by Emily Swaim
Emily is a board-certified science editor who has worked with top digital publishing brands like Voices for Biodiversity, Study.com, GoodTherapy, Vox, and Verywell.
Xsandra/E+/Getty Images
COVID-19 vaccines are on the horizon, but it will be months before they are widely available.
COVID fatigue has many people challenging the restrictions meant to prevent widespread infection.
With a plan, it is possible to stay strong and safe until a vaccine is widely available.
This year has been quite a struggle for many people throughout the world as we grapple with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. For months, it has often felt like there was no end in sight.
Now, with hope on the horizon in the form of multiple vaccines that may soon gain FDA approval, we may begin to have a more positive outlook on the state of the pandemic. Experts warn, however, that we should not ease caution just yet.
The most recent spike in COVID-19 cases around the country is evidence of what happens when we do just that. Defying recommended restrictions—especially as colder weather pushes people indoors—has caused the virus to spread in places that were once able to flatten the curve.
COVID-19 and Seasonal Affective Disorder: How This Year Is Different
Microbiologist and immunologist Andrea Love, PhD, says, "This virus is both elegant and insidious, which complicates the ability to quell the rampant outbreak. Mask-wearing and limiting person-to-person interaction is key to mitigating community spread, and this includes anytime you are indoors where the chance of airborne transmission is highest." She explains that COVID-19 has a long incubation period of two to 14 days, and people are most contagious before they even show symptoms.
According to Love, "While it is encouraging that we have several promising candidates on the horizon, it is still going to take time before we have mass uptake of a vaccine. It is anticipated that limited distribution might be available by the end of the year or early 2021, but widespread access for the general public won't be until well into next year." Even after the vaccine is available, Love says that around 65% of the population will need to be vaccinated before we can obtain herd immunity.
With the uncertain timeline, it may feel like running a never-ending race. So how do we stay sane while waiting for a glimpse at the life we once knew?
That is what mental health expert Aaron Bernard, MS, has been telling his clients. "This year has been one big trigger. We thought that the quarantine would last a couple of weeks. Then three months. None of us could believe that more than six months later, we'd still be here."
He explains that with the changing seasons, many are losing the ability to be outside and with others. "People are missing birthdays, funerals, and weddings are canceled, everything is canceled. So moving forward into the colder months, of course people might be on edge. I recommend that my clients stay as proactive versus reactive, as possible. No matter what, give everyone and yourself grace."
Christina Tarantola, PharmD
I believe that what you focus on, you feel, and where your attention grows, your energy expands.
— Christina Tarantola, PharmD
Bernard says that practicing self-care is necessary for coping. "If you're in a warmer area, go for walks around the block, put your mask on, and get fresh air. Keep your appointments with doctors and therapists, even if they're virtual. I also recommend reading books, listening to music, and allowing yourself to laugh. Eat well, but allow yourself a donut, or order takeout. Just be kind to yourself."
Be Innovative
Workout programs and classes have moved online, which has made it easier to work towards mental and physical fitness, as well as taking on creative projects. Considering the unemployment rates during lockdown, this has been a key to maintaining mental health for a lot of people. COVID-19 has introduced us to the first women's recession. In September, 865,000 women left the workforce, an alarming 80% of the 1.1 million people who were no longer working or looking for work.
Brit Morin, the founder and CEO of Brit + Co, felt compelled to help. "When I realized how much this pandemic affected women, it was clear to me that we needed to forge new opportunities for women, even during a crisis. So, I quickly curated everything I've learned during my decade-long entrepreneurial journey into a signature course called Selfmade, and we launched our first cohort of 200 women in June."
Morin explains that over the 10 weeks of her Selfmade course, women had the opportunity to learn skills that could lead to innovation and the creation of new opportunities for themselves. Her website also offered over 120 digital courses, many free of charge. "As a result, we've received messages from women who were able to learn a new skill, either for a mental health break, or to put into action and earn money."
Andrea Love, PhD
Mask wearing and limiting person-to-person interaction is key to mitigating community spread, and this includes anytime you are indoors where the chance of airborne transmission is highest.
— Andrea Love, PhD
Platforms like Morin's are useful for women in transition, which is where Christina Tarantola, PharmD, saw herself a few years ago. She made a dramatic career change from pharmacy to becoming a transformational coach. With her young yet lucrative business Enlightened Wellness Solutions, she's had to switch gears again because of the pandemic. "I've pivoted my transformation coaching business to be 100% online through virtual retreats, online events, and digital VIP sessions with clients."
Tarantola has tried to remain curious and optimistic during the pandemic and around this year's unrest. This has been a challenge, but it has spurred her creativity.
"I believe that what you focus on, you feel, and where your attention grows, your energy expands. I've intentionally decided to focus my energy on creation during 2020," says Tarantola. While social distancing, I've decided to start working on my fourth book to help empathic women master their energy and discover their soul gifts out in the world."
Many sites such as Coursera and Udemy offer online courses, some from elite colleges like Stanford and Harvard. These could also help you hone in on a new skill or hobby, such as photography or web design.
Until there is a widely available vaccine, Love recommends continued safe practices, "Masks, limiting indoor interactions, physical distance from others, and limiting the number of persons you interact with will have to be continued—even after a vaccine is officially released. Until we have widespread immunization, we must continue to be vigilant with these other methods to slow the spread of COVID-19."
Being proactive and embracing COVID's unpredictability can be the key to maintaining sanity until there is a widely available vaccine. Until then, social distancing and self-compassion can help to keep you mentally and physically healthy.
The information in this article is current as of the date listed, which means newer information may be available when you read this. For the most recent updates on COVID-19, visit our coronavirus news page.
Linton NM, Kobayashi T, Yang Y, et al. Incubation period and other epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infections with right truncation: a statistical analysis of publicly available case data. J Clin Med. 2020;9(2):538. doi:10.3390/jcm9020538
Britton T, Ball F, Trapman P. A mathematical model reveals the influence of population heterogeneity on herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Science. 2020;369(6505):846-9. doi:10.1126/science.abc6810
National Women's Law Center. Four times more women than men dropped out of the labor force during September. Published October 2020.
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Don't Let Omicron Variant Uncertainty Affect Your Mental Health
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Ways Mental Health Professionals Can Encourage Patients to Get the COVID-19 Vaccine
Getting COVID-19 Vaccination Improves Mental Health, Report Shows
Needle Phobia Is Contributing to Vaccine Hesitancy More Than We Realize
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Virtual Contact Alone Did Not Mitigate Loneliness for Seniors During COVID-19
Mental Health Wins of 2021
Vaccines Bring Relief to the Holidays, but You Still Might Be Stressed


text:
Chinese Intellectuals' Perspectives on Russia's Invasion of Ukraine
Yıl 2023, Cilt 24, Sayı 1, 72 - 84, 16.01.2023
Emre DEMİR
https://doi.org/10.37880/cumuiibf.1179664
The Russia-Ukraine war, its reasons and impact have been discussed by diplomats, politicians and intellectuals worldwide. While many accuse the Russian leadership and in particular Russian President Vladimir Putin for the war, some others criticize Western countries and principally the US for NATO's eastward expansion and for disregarding Russia's security concerns. Chinese intellectuals with diverse academic and political backgrounds have also contributed to these discussions and offered their assessments about the war in Ukraine as well as what kind of a policy China should follow. However, because of the sensitive relationship between the authoritarian party-state and Chinese intellectuals, Chinese intellectuals are in a delicate situation compared to intellectuals in the West. Despite this, the Chinese state's relatively balanced and neutral stance and decision of not openly taking sides in the war provided a ground for Chinese intellectuals to publicly share their thoughts about both the war itself and China's position towards Russia's aggression. Nevertheless, due to its close relationship with Moscow, the Chinese state allows only a restricted space for intellectuals to share their views about the war, especially to anti-Russia voices. This study surveys these debates among Chinese intellectuals about the war in Ukraine as well as the policies that the Chinese leadership should follow.
China, Russia, Ukraine, War, Chinese intellectuals
Aizhu, C., Zhu, J., Xu, M. (2022, March 28). Exclusive China's Sinopec pauses Russia projects, Beijing wary of sanctions - sources, Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/russia-says-china-refuses-supply-aircraft-parts-after-sanctions-2022-03-10/
Bloomberg News. (2022, March 22). Beijing tells Chinese in Russia to help fill economic void. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-03-22/beijing-tells-chinese-firms-in-russia-to-help-fill-economic-void
Cowhig, D. (2022, February 26). Our attitude towards Russia's invasion of Ukraine. David Cowhig's Translation Blog. https://gaodawei.wordpress.com/2022/02/26/2022-prc-profs-our-attitude-towards-russias-invasion-of-ukraine/
Cui, Z. (2022, March 5). The "security dilemma", constructivism and Ukraine. Reading the China Dream. https://www.readingthechinadream.com/cui-zhiyuan-the-security-dilemma-and-ukraine.html
Denti, A., Martina, M., Shalal, A. (2022, March 15). U.S. raises concerns about China aligning with Russia at meeting it calls 'intense'. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/us-warn-china-perils-aiding-russia-rome-meet-2022-03-14/
Fisher, M. (2022, February 24). Putin's case for war, annotated. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/24/world/europe/putin-ukraine-speech.html
Friedman, T. L. (2022, February 21). This is Putin's war. But America and NATO aren't innocent bystanders. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/21/opinion/putin-ukraine-nato.html
Global Times. (2022, March 17). Russia-Ukraine conflict can be regarded as a 'preview' of US' possible acts in Asia: Zheng Yongnian. https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202203/1255162.shtml
Hu, W. (2022, March 12). Possible outcomes of the Russo-Ukrainian war and China's choice. US-China Perception Monitor. https://uscnpm.org/2022/03/12/hu-wei-russia-ukraine-war-china-choice/
Hu, X. (2022a, February 24). Russia to create a turning point since disintegration of USSR. Global Times. https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202202/1253122.shtml
Hu, X. (2022b, March 4). Chinese people keep ear to the ground during Russia-US showdown. Global Times. https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202203/1253893.shtml
Hu, X. (2022c, March 22). Russia a crucial partner for China in deterring US. Global Times. https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202203/1256525.shtml
Huang, T., Lardy, N. R. (2022, March 16). As China quietly joins sanctions against Russia, Xi might be too rational to risk arming Putin. The Sydney Morning Herald. https://www.smh.com.au/world/europe/as-china-quietly-joins-sanctions-against-russia-xi-might-be-too-rational-to-risk-arming-putin-20220316-p5a54j.html
Kirby, P. (2022, May 9). Why has Russia invaded Ukraine and what does Putin want? BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56720589
Kuo, L. (2022, February 22). "China keeps walking its tightrope between Russia and the West as tensions flare in Ukraine". The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/02/22/china-russia-ukraine-reaction/
Lin, Z. (2022, April 4). E wu chongtu yu women de lichang [The Russia-Ukraine conflict and our position]. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/7lj9-0_dc6HpwVpr8Al3VQ
Mearsheimer, J. J. (2022, June 23). The causes and consequences of the Ukrainian crisis. The National Interest. https://nationalinterest.org/feature/causes-and-consequences-ukraine-crisis-203182
Ming, J. (2022, February 22). Wukelan weiji zhongyu "baole", zhongguo bixu zai zhe san jian shiqing shang baochi qingxing [The Ukraine crisis finally "exploded", and China must stay awake on these three things]. https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/SEBdF_Ty3oMT5n7v8E4J1Q
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China (2022, February 26). Wang Yi expounds China's five-point position on the current Ukrainian issue. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/zxxx_662805/202202/t20220226_10645855.html
Ni, V. (2022, February 28). "They were fooled by Putin": Chinese historians speak out against Russian invasion. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/28/they-were-fooled-by-putin-chinese-historians-speak-out-against-russian-invasion
Nigam, A. (2022, March 11). China terms Russia's invasion of Ukraine a 'war' for first time, hopes fighting stop soon. Republic World. https://www.republicworld.com/world-news/russia-ukraine-crisis/china-terms-russias-invasion-of-ukraine-a-war-for-first-time-hopes-fighting-stop-soon-articleshow.html
Pomerantsev, P. (2022, January 22). What the West will never understand about Putin's Ukraine obsession. Time. https://time.com/6140996/putin-ukraine-threats/
President of Russia. (2022, February 4). Joint Statement of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China on the International Relations Entering a New Era and the Global Sustainable Development. http://en.kremlin.ru/supplement/5770
Qin, G. (2022, March 15). Chinese ambassador: Where we stand on Ukraine. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/03/15/china-ambassador-us-where-we-stand-in-ukraine/
Qin, H. (2022a, February 24). The West's 'double standard' and Putin's 'single standard' – From Crimean crisis to Putin's February 21 declaration. Reading the China Dream. https://www.readingthechinadream.com/qin-hui-on-ukraine--1.html
Qin, H. (2022b, February 28). Ukraine series no. 2: Aggression and appeasement – Crimea and the Sudetenland compared. Reading the China Dream. https://www.readingthechinadream.com/qin-hui-on-ukraine--2.html
Qin, H. (2022c, April 10). The Russia-Ukraine war and the Soviet-Finnish 'winter war' – Ukraine commentary no. 4. Reading the China Dream. https://www.readingthechinadream.com/qin-hui-ukraine-4.html
Qin, H. (2022d, April 11). Will the Bucha massacre put an end to appeasement? Ukraine series no. 5. Reading the China Dream. https://www.readingthechinadream.com/qin-hui-ukraine-5.html
Qin, H. (2022e, April 20). Appeasement after World War II: Solzhenitsyn's question – Ukraine series no. 7". Reading the China Dream. https://www.readingthechinadream.com/qin-hui-ukraine-7.html
Ramzy, A. (2022, February 23). China criticizes sanctions against Russia as ineffective and warns of wider damage. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/23/world/europe/china-russia-ukraine-sanctions.html
Reuters. (2022a, March 7). China says friendship with Russia is 'rock solid'. https://www.reuters.com/world/china-says-friendship-with-russia-is-rock-solid-2022-03-07/
Reuters. (2022b, March 10). Russia says China refuses to supply aircraft parts after sanctions. https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/russia-says-china-refuses-supply-aircraft-parts-after-sanctions-2022-03-10/
Safeguard Defender (2022, March 3). China cracks down on pro-Ukrainian voices. https://safeguarddefenders.com/en/blog/china-cracks-down-pro-ukrainian-voices
Sky News (2022, May 25). Vladimir Putin's obsession: Why Russia's leader is so fixated on taking Ukraine. https://news.sky.com/story/vladimir-putins-obsession-why-russias-leader-is-so-fixated-on-taking-ukraine-12620455
Shalal, A., Martina, M., Brunnstrom, D. (2022, March 14). China faces consequences if it helps Russia evade sanctions, U.S. says. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/white-house-adviser-discuss-russias-war-ukraine-with-chinas-top-diplomat-source-2022-03-13/
South China Morning Post (2022, March 5). 'How can I survive': Chinese stranded in Ukraine feel left to their fate as Russian shelling continues. https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3169395/how-can-i-survive-chinese-stranded-ukraine-feel-left-their
Sun, L. (2022a, January 17). Let's think it through: A possible picture of the post-pandemic era and the problems we may face. Reading the China Dream. https://www.readingthechinadream.com/sun-liping-on-the-end-of-the-pandemic.html
Sun, L. (2022, February 27). The small chess board and the big picture: Russia in the big picture may be Ukraine in the small chess board. Reading the China Dream. https://www.readingthechinadream.com/sun-liping-russia-ukraine-and-the-big-picture.html
Suny, R. (2022, February 28). Ukraine war follows decades of warnings that NATO expansion in Eastern Europe could provoke Russia. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/ukraine-war-follows-decades-of-warnings-that-nato-expansion-into-eastern-europe-could-provoke-russia-177999
Troianovski, A., Bradsher, K. (2022, September 15). Putin nods Xi's 'concerns,' and the limits of their cooperation. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/15/world/europe/putin-china-ukraine.html
Vitvitsky, B. (2022, May 24). The Putin puzzle: Why is the Russian dictator so obsessed with Ukraine? Atlantic Council. https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/the-putin-puzzle-why-is-the-russian-dictator-so-obsessed-with-ukraine/
Wade, R. H. (2022, March 30). Why the US and NATO have long wanted Russia to attack Ukraine? LSE Blogs. https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2022/03/30/why-the-us-and-nato-have-long-wanted-russia-to-attack-ukraine/
Wilkinson, T. (2022, February 21). Why is Putin obsessed with Ukraine? The Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2022-02-21/why-is-putin-obsessed-with-ukraine
Wong, E., Barnes, J. E. (2022, March 13). Russia asked China for military and economic aid for Ukraine war, U.S. officials says. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/13/us/politics/russia-china-ukraine.html
Yan, X. (2022, May 2). China's Ukraine conundrum: Why the war necessitates a balancing act. Foreign Affairs. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2022-05-02/chinas-ukraine-conundrum
Zhao, Y. (2022, March 24). China's choice in the Russia-Ukraine war. Reading the China Dream. https://www.readingthechinadream.com/zhao-yanjing-on-the-war-in-ukraine.html
Zheng, Y. (2022, February 25). The war in Ukraine blurs the two main lines, but many people misunderstand China's role. Reading the China Dream. https://www.readingthechinadream.com/zheng-yongnian-ukraine-and-the-new-world-order.html
Çinli Aydınların Rusya'nın Ukrayna İşgali Üzerine Görüşleri
Rusya-Ukrayna savaşı, savaşın nedenleri ve etkileri dünyanın dört bir yanındaki diplomatlar, politikacılar ve aydınlar tarafından tartışılmaktadır. Tartışmaya katılanları birçoğu savaşın gerekçesi olarak Rus liderliğini ve özellikle Rusya Devlet Başkanı Vladimir Putin'i gösterirken, bazıları ise Batılı ülkeleri, özellikle de ABD'yi NATO'nun doğuya doğru genişlemesi ve Rusya'nın güvenlik kaygılarını göz ardı etmeleri nedeniyle eleştirmektedir. Farklı akademik ve siyasi arka planlara sahip Çinli aydınlar da bu tartışmalara katılarak Ukrayna'daki savaş ve Çin'in nasıl bir politika izlemesi gerektiği konusunda değerlendirmelerde bulunmuşlardır. Ancak otoriter parti-devleti ile Çinli aydınlar arasındaki hassas ilişki nedeniyle Çinli aydınlar Batı'daki aydınlara göre hassas bir konumdadır. Buna rağmen Çin devletinin savaş karşısında gösterdiği görece dengeli ve tarafsız duruş ve savaşta açıkça taraf tutmama kararı, Çinli aydınların hem savaş hem de Çin'in Rusya'nın saldırganlığına karşı tutumu hakkındaki düşüncelerini kamuoyu önünde paylaşmalarına zemin hazırladı. Bununla birlikte Çin devleti, Moskova ile sahip olduğu yakın ilişki nedeniyle Çinli entelektüellerin, özellikle de Rusya karşıtı görüşe sahip olanların, savaş hakkındaki görüşlerini paylaşmaları için yalnızca sınırlı bir alan açmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Çinli aydınlar arasında Ukrayna'daki savaş ve Çin liderliğinin izlemesi gereken politikalar ile ilgili tartışmaları incelemektedir.
Çin, Rusya, Ukrayna, Savaş, Çinli entelektüeller
Emre DEMİR> (Sorumlu Yazar)
TED ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Yazar, katkıları için Sırma Altun'a teşekkürlerini sunar.
Yıl 2023, Cilt 24, Sayı 1
APA Demir, E. (2023). Chinese Intellectuals' Perspectives on Russia's Invasion of Ukraine . Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi , 24 (1) , 72-84 . DOI: 10.37880/cumuiibf.1179664


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