text:
Zoot Suit (play)
1979 Broadway Playbill
Daniel Valdez and Lalo Guerrero
Lalo Guerrero
The Sleepy Lagoon murder trial
Zoot Suit is a play written by Luis Valdez, featuring incidental music by Daniel Valdez and Lalo Guerrero. Zoot Suit is based on the Sleepy Lagoon murder trial and the Zoot Suit Riots. Debuting in 1979, Zoot Suit was the first Chicano play on Broadway. In 1981, Luis Valdez also directed a filmed version of the play, combining stage and film techniques.
3 Historical context
3.1 The Sleepy Lagoon Murder
3.2 The People v. Zammora et al.
3.3 The Zoot Suit Riots
4 Production history
4.1 Stage debut
4.2 Broadway production
4.3 30th anniversary production
4.4 Center Theatre Group's 50th Anniversary
5 Criticism
Plot[edit]
Zoot Suit tells the story of Henry Reyna and the 38th Street Gang, who were tried for the Sleepy Lagoon murder in Los Angeles, during World War II. After a run-in with a neighboring gang at the local lovers lane, Sleepy Lagoon, the 38th Street Gang gets into a fight at a party, where a young man is murdered. Discriminated against for their zoot suit-wearing Chicano identity, twenty-two members of the 38th Street Gang are placed on trial for the murder, found guilty, and sentenced to life in San Quentin prison. Meanwhile, in Los Angeles, Henry's brother Rudy is beaten and stripped of his zoot suit during the Zoot Suit Riots.
Through the efforts of George and other lawyers, as well as activist-reporter Alice, with whom Henry has a brief romantic encounter, the boys win their court appeal and are freed. The play ends with a Reyna family reunion as Henry returns home and Rudy is about to leave to join the Marines. The scene suggests that it is not the happy ending we expect, however, as multiple endings of Henry's story are suggested: that he returned to prison and drug abuse, died in the war in Korea and was awarded the Medal of Honor posthumously, or married Della and had five children.[1]
Characters[edit]
El Pachuco: an allegorical character of the Chicano sub-culture of the same name.
Henry Reyna: leader of the 38th Street Gang
Enrique Reyna: Henry's father
Dolores Reyna: Henry's mother
Lupe Reyna: Henry's sister
Rudy Reyna: Henry's brother
George Shearer: lawyer for Henry and the 38th Street boys
Alice Bloomfield: reporter and activist for Henry's case, as well as a brief love interest of Henry's
Della Barrios: 38th Street Gang member and Henry's girlfriend
The 38th Street Gang: includes Smiley Torres, Joey Castro, Tommy Roberts, Elena Torres, and Bertha Villarreal
Rafas: leader of the Downey Gang, rival to the 38th Street Gang
Downey Gang: include Ragman, Hobo, Cholo, Zooter, Guera, Hoba, Blondie, and Little Blue
Lieutenant Edwards and Sergeant Smith: detectives
Members of the Press: includes Press (who doubles as the prosecution), Cub Reporter, and Newsboy
The Court: includes Judge F. W. Charles and Bailiff
Prison guard
Military men: include Bosun's Mate, Sailors, Marine, Swabbie, Manchuka, and Shore Patrolman
Extras: Girls, Pimp, Cholo[1]
Historical context[edit]
The Sleepy Lagoon Murder[edit]
Zoot Suit is based on the Sleepy Lagoon Murder of 1942 and the Zoot Suit Riots of 1943 in Los Angeles, California. On August 1, 1942 José Díaz was at a birthday party at the Williams Ranch. A disturbance occurred around 11:00 p.m. when a group of twenty white men from the Downey suburb arrived uninvited, complaining about a lack of beer. The group from Downey Gang were kicked out of the party after demanding more beer.
Meanwhile, a group of men and women from 39th street drove their cars to the nearby swimming hole and lovers lane, dubbed "Sleepy Lagoon," also on the Williams Ranch. Among the group were Henry Leyvas and his girlfriend Dora Baca, from whom the characters Henry Reyna and Della are contrived. Also with them was friend Bobby Telles. As the group socialized, three men pulled up and began yelling insults, met equally with words from Leyvas. The three drove off. The 38th street group wandered off until they heard a commotion from the parked cars, where Leyvas and Baca remained. A group of about sixteen men from the Downey gang were beating Leyvas and Baca, prompting members of the 38th street group to defend their friends. After the Downey group left, the group from 38th street gang left to gather more of their group, prior to returning to the Williams Ranch.
The group arrived at Sleepy Lagoon around 1:00 a.m. on the morning of the 2nd, to find no one, so someone suggested the Downey gang had moved to the party at the bunkhouse nearby at the Williams Ranch. At the party, the Downey gang was not to be found. Yet, somehow a fight broke out between the party goers and the 38th street gang. The fight was brief, ending when someone yelled the police were coming. In the aftermath of the fight, the party-throwers, the Delgadillos, discovered the body of José Díaz along the road, who had left the party shortly before the 38th street group arrived. His pockets were turned inside out. He was rushed to a hospital where he died an hour and a half after admission, with a concussion and two stab wounds. The circumstances around Díaz's death still remain undetermined.[2]
The People v. Zammora et al.[edit]
In the process of investigating the murder of José Díaz, hundreds of young men and women in the L.A. area were brought in for police processing. Among the suspects arrested, several were severely beaten during questioning, including Henry Leyvas, Lupe Leyvas, Benny Alvarez, and Eugene Carpio, and Manuel Reyes. Twenty-two men were placed on trial as a group, under the defense of seven attorneys in the People v. Zammora et al. George Shibley later joined as an attorney on the case, winning favor from the defendants and their families for his attempts to communicate in Spanish. Alice McGrath was hired by Shibley to take notes on the trial. Though the murder weapon was never produced, after six days of deliberation, only five of the twenty-two young men were found "not guilty." The other seventeen young men were convicted of murdering José Díaz, including Henry Leyvas, who with José Ruíz and Robert Telles, was convicted of murder in the first degree and two counts of assault with a deadly weapon with intent to kill. Leyvas, Ruíz, and Telles were sentenced to life in prison, while the other young men were sentenced to one to five years.
The ruling was reversed in October 1944 and the men were released, due to the efforts of the Sleepy Lagoon Defense Committee, with Alice McGrath as executive secretary. However, many of the young men returned to prison, including Henry Leyvas.[2]
The Zoot Suit Riots[edit]
With rising tension between the zoot suiters and military servicemen in the L.A. area, what is known as the Zoot Suit Riots began on June 3, 1943 when a group of sailors claimed to have been robbed and beaten by Pacheco.[3] Provoked by a Nazi salute, servicemen beat zoot suit wearing civilians with clubs and other makeshift weapons, and stripped them of their suits. Approximately ninety-four civilians and eighteen servicemen were treated for serious injuries, with all of the ninety four arrested, but only two of the servicemen. One source claims the Riot continued for five nights, when military and police efforts ended the violence.[2] However, a second source states that the span of the Riots was nine days.[3]
Production history[edit]
Stage debut[edit]
Zoot Suit premiered at The Mark Taper Forum in Los Angeles on April, 1978.[4] This production with Center Theatre Group marked the first professionally produced Chicano play.[5] The initial ten-day run in April sold out in two days. An audience of season ticket holders and local Mexican-Americans gave standing ovations each evening of the performances at the Mark Taper Forum. A second run began in August and tickets sold out yet again.[4] This extended run was held at the Aquarius Theatre, Los Angeles.[6]
Broadway production[edit]
The Broadway production debuted at the Winter Garden Theater on March 25, 1979, and closed on April 29 after 41 performances and 17 previews. The production was directed by Luis Valdez and featured choreography by Patricia Birch. Edward James Olmos' portrayal of El Pachuco earned him a Tony Award nomination for best featured actor in a play, as well as a Theatre World award.[7] Zoot Suit was the second Latino written and directed play produced on Broadway, coming second only to Miguel Piñero's Short Eyes in 1974. While Short Eyes won two Obie Awards, as well as the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award for Best American Play, Zoot Suit ran a mere five weeks on Broadway.[8]
Valdez also directed a filmed version of the play, combining stage and film techniques.[9]
30th anniversary production[edit]
In April 2008, Alma Martinez, member of the original 1978 cast of Zoot Suit directed the 30 year anniversary production at Pomona College in Claremont, California. This was the first time since its stage debut in 1978 that Zoot Suit had been produced in the Los Angeles area. The two-week run managed to sell out prior to opening night, despite minimal advertisement, primarily in Latino publications. Many outreach opportunities were taken, including an alumni night, a staff appreciation performance, matinees allowing over 1,000 high school students to attend, and the development of a study guide for students attending the performances.
The alumni event featured a reunion of original 1978 cast members, as well as members of the film version of Zoot Suit. Luis Valdez and Alice McGrath, the community activist on whom Valdez based the character Alice, were given awards. Also in the audience were members of the family of Henry Leyvas, on whom Henry Reyna was based.
In casting the revival, Martinez cast across the Claremont University Consortium in search of Latino students. All of the Chicano roles featured actors making their stage debut, and the majority of the cast was composed of non-theatre majors. Assistant director Shakina Nayfack modified the script to reduce homophobic and sexist language where possible. Martinez cast a female in the traditionally male role of the Press.[10]
Center Theatre Group's 50th Anniversary[edit]
As part of the Center Theatre Group's 50th Anniversary celebration, playwright and director Luis Valdez brought Zoot Suit to the Mark Taper Forum from January 31 to April 2, 2017.[11] The play featured Rose Portillo and Daniel Valdez, who were original cast members from the 1978 production. Instead of reprising their roles of Henry Reyna and Della, respectively, they returned to the stage to play the roles of Henry Reyna's parents. Rose Portillo was delighted to bring Zoot Suit to new audiences and stated, "I'm over the moon. It was a dream come true the first time. It's a dream come true the second time, to come full circle and to work with Luis at the Taper, where Gordon Davidson and Luis were so influential on my artistic career. I'm looking forward to sharing Zoot Suit with a whole new crop of artists and audiences." Similarly, Daniel Valdez said, "It's great to come back to where it all started 38 years ago. I'm looking forward to inhabiting the world of Zoot Suit once again." Academy Award nominated actor Demián Bichir also starred as El Pachuco.[12]
Criticism[edit]
Zoot Suit was well received in its initial production in Los Angeles. In his review for Theatre Journal, Jules Aaron laudes the play for its ability to both entertain and make a political statement. Aaron also notes the emotional content of the play.[13] Richard Eder for The New York Times echoed Aaron's observations that the play is both entertaining and political. He adds that Zoot Suit is a blend of Cantinflas and Brecht. Eder adds his critique that the play is too specific to the Chicano community and lacks universality.[14]
Valdez's play did not receive the same feelings in New York City when it made its Broadway debut. Richard Eder voiced a different opinion of the Broadway staging from when he saw the production in L.A. Eder notes that the design elements lacked harmony, and that Zoot Suit failed to combine entertainment with symbolism, plot, and moral.[15] A week later, a New York Times review by Walter Kerr criticizes Valdez for his use of clichés. Kerr also complains of the lack of emotional connection between Daniel Valdez and Miss Hensel, who play Henry and Alice, respectively.[16]
Music[edit]
The songs threaded through Zoot Suit were written by Lalo Guerrero and the playwright's brother Daniel Valdez.[1] Guerrero, known as the father of Chicano music, wrote music detailing the Chicano culture during World War II, resulting in the feature of the songs in Zoot Suit.[17] The music combines boogie-woogie and El Paso's version of R&B.[18]
^ a b c Valdez, Luis (2009). "Zoot Suit". In Jacobus, Lee A. (ed.). The Bedford Introduction to Drama (Sixth ed.). New York: Bedford/St. Martin's. pp. 1256–1288.
^ a b c Pagan, Eduardo Obregon (2003). Murder at the Sleepy Lagoon : Zoot Suits, Race, and Riot in Wartime L.A. Chapel Hill, NC: U of North Carolina P.
^ a b Chiodo, John J. (2013). "The Zoot Suit Riots: Exploring Social Issues in American History". Social Studies. 104 (1): 1.
^ a b Galens, ed., David M. (2007). Drama for students vol. 5. Detroit: Gale. p. 279. CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
^ Lucas, Ashley (Spring 2009). "Reinventing the Pachuco". Journal for the Study of Radicalism. 3 (1): 61,63. JSTOR 41887618. (subscription required)
^ Aaron, Jules (May 1979). "Reviewed Work: Zoot Suit by Luis Valdez". Theatre Journal. 31 (2): 263. JSTOR 3219392. (subscription required)
^ "Zoot Suit". Internet Broadway Database. The Broadway League. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
^ Lucas, Ashley (Fall 2009). "Prisoners on the Great White Way: Short Eyes and Zoot Suit as the First US Latina/o Plays on Broadway". Latin American Theatre Review. 43 (1): 121.
^ Pizzato, Mark (Summer 1998). "Brechtian and Aztec Violence in Valdez's Zoot Suit". Journal of Popular Film & Television. 26 (2): 52.
^ Nayfack, Shakina (Fall 2009). "Que le watcha los cabrones: Marking the 30th Anniversary of Luis Valdez's "Zoot Suit"". TDR. 53 (3): 162–9. JSTOR 25599500. (subscription required)
^ "Zoot Suit". Center Theatre Group. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
^ Martin, Jason (December 9, 2016). "Daniel Valdez and Rose Portillo Return to 'Zoot Suit'" (Press release). Center Theatre Group. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
^ Aaron, Jules (May 1979). "Zoot Suit by Luis Valdez". Theatre Journal. 31 (2): 161, 264.
^ Eder, Richard (May 4, 1978). "Stage: Taper Forum Presents Zoot Suit". The New York Times.
^ Eder, Richard (March 26, 1979). "Theater: 'Zoot Suit,' Chicano Music-Drama". The New York Times.
^ Kerr, Walter (April 1, 1979). "'Zoot Suit' Loses Its Way In Rhetoric". The New York Times.
^ "Obituary". The Washington Post. March 26, 2005.
^ Fessier, Bruce (March 18, 2005). "Guerrero, 'Father of Chicano music,' dies". San Gabriel Valley Tribune.
Zoot Suit at the Internet Broadway Database
Study Guide at Pomona College
Zoot Suit 2003 El Teatro Campesino production
Image of Zoot Suit cast members dance in the Mark Taper Forum, Los Angeles, 1978, Los Angeles Times Photographic Archive (Collection 1429). UCLA Library Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library, University of California, Los Angeles.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zoot_Suit_(play)&oldid=1046332708"
Hispanic and Latino American plays
Plays by Luis Valdez
Plays set in Los Angeles
Plays about race and ethnicity
Pages containing links to subscription-only content


A few colors of the original CRB - Porcelaine, White, and Black (in the US, Canada has white) - are on the website, at full price. The fabric is not-so-helpfully described as Light Luon or Lycra. Come on web designers, don't be lazy - break out which color is which fabric or you're just going to eat a bunch of returns. Most people are not fans of the lycra CRBs. There are still a bunch of CRBs in WMTM, too. Not sure why these aren't there, also.
Strive Multi Black Speed Tights and Breeze By Muscle Tank (I think). Those giant armholes were a big turnoff for me.
Close up of the Strive Multi print.
Strive Multi Black Inspire Tights and Muscle Love Tank.
Strive Multi Black Wunder Under Pants. I don't know the jacket name.
The new Strive Multi Black pieces - Fast Lane Bra, Energy Bra, Speed Shorts, Inspire Tights, Wunder Under Pants, and Speed Tights. The Speed Tights are solid luxtreme (no mesh).
Strive Multi Black Energy Bra, On Track Tights, and Black Swiftly Tank.
On Track Crop and Run It Out Tee. I tried the tee on the other day. It's nicely loose but I hate the dropped shoulders and it's too short.


text:
Also known as: CLIM 019
Published 20 Nov 2012 Last modified 11 May 2021
Topics: Climate change adaptation Water and marine environment
This page was archived on 20 Dec 2016 with reason: Other (New version data-and-maps/indicators/water-temperature-2/assessment was published)
Water temperatures in major European rivers have increased by 1–3 °C over the last century. Several time series show increasing lake and river temperatures all over Europe over the last 60 to 90 years.
Lake and river surface water temperatures are projected to increase with further projected increases in air temperature.
Increased temperature can result in marked changes in species composition and functioning of aquatic ecosystems.
Water temperature of large European rivers and lakes
Note: Annual average water temperature in River Rhine and River Meuse (1911–2010); River Danube (1901–1998), Lake Võrtsjärv (1947–2011), and average water temperature in August in Lake Saimaa, Finland (1924–2011).
Data provenance info is missing.
The surface water temperatures of major rivers in Europe have increased by 1–3 °C over the last century. For example, the average temperature in the Rhine near Basel has risen by more than 2 °C in the last 50 years (Figure 1) [i]. The temperature of the downstream part of the Rhine increased by 3 °C between 1910 and 2010. Two thirds of the increase at the downstream Rhine is attributed to the increased use of cooling water and one third to the increase in air temperature as a result of climate change [ii]. A similar increase has been observed in the Meuse. The annual average temperature of the Danube increased by around by 1 °C during the last century. Increases in surface water temperature were also found in some large lakes. Lake Võrtsjärv in Estonia had a 0.7 °C increase between 1947 and 2011, and the summer (August) water temperature of Lake Saimaa, Finland increased more than 1 °C over the last century.
Several time series indicate a general trend of increasing water temperature in European rivers and lakes in the range of 0.05 to 0.8 °C per decade [iii]. The surface water temperature of some rivers and lakes in Switzerland has increased by more than 2 °C since 1950 [iv]. In the large lakes in the Alps the water temperature has generally increased by 0.1–0.3 °C per decade: Lake Maggiore and other large Italian lakes [v].
Lake surface water temperatures are projected to increase further, in parallel with the projected increases in air temperature. The exact amount of warming depends on the magnitude of global warming, on the region, on the season and on lake properties [vi]. Physical modelling studies predict that temperatures will increase more in the upper regions of the water column than in the lower regions, resulting in generally steeper vertical temperature gradients and enhanced thermal stability [vii]. Such increased lake thermal stability was observed both in Switzerland during the mild 2006/2007 winter [viii] and in Italy during the hot 2009 summer [ix].
[i] FOEN, "Indicator Water temperature of surface waters" Federal Office for the Environment, 2011, http://www.bafu.admin.ch/umwelt/indikatoren/08605/08609/index.html?lang=en.
[ii] A.H.M. Bresser et al., The effects of climate change in the Netherlands (Bilthoven: Netherlands Environment Assessment Agency, 2006), http://www.rivm.nl/bibliotheek/rapporten/773001037.pdf.
[iii] M. Dabrowski, W. Marszelewski, and R. Skowron, "The trends and dependencies between air and water temperatures in lakes in northern Poland from 1961-2000", Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 8 (2004): 79–87, doi:10.5194/hess-8-79-2004; D.G. George and M.A. Hurley, "The influence of sampling frequency on the detection of long-term change in three lakes in the English Lake District", Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 7 (2004): 1–14, doi:10.1080/14634980490281164; B. Pernaravièiûtë, "The impact of climate change on thermal regime of Lithuanian lakes", Ekologija 2 (2004): 58–63; Bresser et al., The effects of climate change in the Netherlands.
[iv] BUWAL, Auswirkungen des Hitzesommers 2003 auf die Gewässer (Bern-Ittigen: Bundesamt für Umwelt, Wald and Landschaft: Schriftenreihe Umwelt Nr. 369, 2004); R. E. Hari et al., "Consequences of climatic change for water temperature and brown trout populations in Alpine rivers and streams", Global Change Biology 12 (2006): 10–26, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.001051.x.
[v] W. Ambrosetti and L. Barbanti, "Deep water warming in lakes: an indicator of climate change", Journal of Limnology 58 (1999): 1–9; D. M. Livingstone, "Impact of secular climate change on the thermal structure of a large temperate central European lake", Climatic Change 57 (2003): 205–225, doi:10.1023/a:1022119503144; O. Anneville, S. Gammeter, and D. Straile, "Phosphorus decrease and climate variability: mediators of synchrony in phytoplankton changes among European peri-alpine lakes", Freshwater Biology 50 (2005): 1731–1746, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2005.01429.x; M. T. Dokulil et al., "Twenty years of spatially coherent deepwater warming in lakes across Europe related to the North Atlantic Oscillation", Limnology and Oceanography 51 (2006): 2787–2793, doi:10.4319/lo.2006.51.6.2787.
[vi] J. M. Malmaeus et al., "Lake phosphorus dynamics and climate warming: A mechanistic model approach", Ecological Modelling 190 (2006): 1–14, doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.03.017; G. George, M. Hurley, and D. Hewitt, "The impact of climate change on the physical characteristics of the larger lakes in the English Lake District", Freshwater Biology 52 (2007): 1647–1666, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01773.x.
[vii] F. Peeters et al., "Modeling 50 years of historical temperature profiles in a large central European lake", Limnology and Oceanography 47 (2002): 186–197, doi:10.4319/lo.2002.47.1.0186.
[viii] J. Rempfer et al., "The effect of the exceptionally mild European winter of 2006-2007 on temperature and oxygen profiles in lakes in Switzerland: A foretaste of the future?", Limnology and Oceanography 55 (2010): 2170–2180, doi:10.4319/lo.2010.55.5.2170.
Water temperatures in five selected European rivers and lakes in the 20th century
degrees centigrade (⁰C)
Since water temperature is mainly determined by heat exchange with the atmosphere, higher air temperatures lead to higher water temperatures. Higher water temperatures, particularly in standing waters and low-flow situations in rivers, will bring about changes in the physico-chemical condition of water bodies with subsequent impacts on biological conditions. This may have severe consequences for ecosystem structure and function as well as for water use and ecosystem services.
Impacts of increased water temperatures may also include more stable vertical stratification of deep lakes and increased oxygen depletion in lake bottoms (stratification in other lakes may become less stable), more frequent harmful algal blooms, reduced habitats for cold-water aquatic species, and increased incidence of temperature-dependent diseases.
Human intervention can only help freshwater ecosystems to adapt to increasing water temperature in a limited way, for example by reducing the pressures from other human activities such as pollution by nutrients and hazardous substances and pressure from hydromorphological modifications. Such actions may make the water bodies less vulnerable to stress resulting from higher water temperature. Additional pollution load reduction measures may be needed in river basin management plans to obtain good ecological status, as required by the Water Framework Directive.
References Ambrosetti, W. and Barbanti, L., 1999. Deep water warming in lakes: an indicator of climate change. Journal of Limnology 58: 1-9. Anneville, O.; Gammeter, S. and Straile, D., 2005. Phosphorus decrease and climate variability: mediators of synchrony in phytoplankton changes among European peri-alpine lakes. Freshwater Biology 50: 1731- 1746. BUWAL, BWG, MeteoSchweiz, 2004. Auswirkungen des Hitzesommers 2003 auf die Gewässer. Schriftenreihe Umwelt Nr. 369. Bern-Ittigen: Bundesamt für Umwelt, Wald und Landschaft, 174 p. Dabrowski, M.; Marszelewski, W.; and Skowron, R., 2004. The trends and dependencies between air and water temperatures in lakes in northern Poland from 1961-2000. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 8: 79-87. Dokulil, M. T.; Jagsch, A.; George, G. D.; Anneville, O.; Jankowski, T.; Wahl, B.; Lenhart, B.; Blenckner, T. and Teubner, K., 2006. Twenty years of spatially coherent deepwater warming in lakes across Europe related to the North Atlantic Oscillation. Limnology and Oceanography 51: 2787-2793. Estonian Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, water temperature measurements, Võrtsjärv period 1947-2006 (non published). See also Nõges and Järvet, 2005. George G.; Hurley M. and Hewitt D., 2007. The impact of climate change on the physical characteristics of the larger lakes in the English Lake District. Freshwater Biology 52: 1647-1666. George, D. G. and Hurley, M. A., 2004. The influence of sampling frequency on the detection of long-term change in three lakes in the English Lake District. Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management 7: 1-14. Hari, R. E.; Livingstone, D. M.; Siber, R.; Burkhardt-Holm, P. and Guttinger, H., 2006. Consequences of climatic change for water temperature and brown trout populations in Alpine rivers and streams. Global Change Biology 12: 10-26. Hohensinner, S.; Haidvogel, G.; Jungwirth, M., 2006. Natural landscape dynamics and human interferences: the Danube river landscape in the Austrian Machland 1715-1991. Rivers Run Through Them. Landscapes in Environmental History. Annual Meeting of the American Society for Environmental History, 29.3.-1.4.2006, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. Livingstone, D. M., 1993. Lake oxygenation: Application of a one-box model with ice cover. Internationale Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie 78: 465-480. Malmaeus, J. M.; Blenckner, T.; Markensten, H. and Persson, I., 2006. Lake phosphorus dynamics and climate warming: A mechanistic model approach. Ecological Modelling 190: 1-14. MNP, 2006. The effects of climate change in the Netherlands. (Bresser et al. (eds) Report from MNP available at http://www.mnp.nl/en/publications/2006/TheeffectsofclimatechangeintheNetherlands.html . PernaraviČiŪtĖ, B., 2004. The impact of climate change on thermal regime of Lithuanian lakes. Ekologija 2: 58-63. Rijkswaterstaat, measurements Rhine River at Lobith period 1908-2006 (unpublished). See also MNP, 2006.
Water temperature of rivers and lakes is one of the central parameters that determine the overall health of aquatic ecosystems because aquatic organisms have a specific range of temperatures that they can tolerate.
Information on change in water temperature is relevant in relation to the Water Framework Directive. See also WFD-CIS Guidance 24: Guidance No 24 - River Basin Management in a Changing Climate. http://circa.europa.eu/Public/irc/env/wfd/library?l=/framework_directive/guidance_documents/management_finalpdf/_EN_1.0_&a=i
Preparing for climate change is a major challenge for water management in Europe. Climate change is not explicitly included in the text of the Water Framework Directive. However, water management under the WFD will have to deal with the challenges posed by climate change (EEA, 2007). The stepwise and cyclical approach of the WFD River Basin Management Plans (RBMPs) process makes it well suited to adaptively manage climate change impacts. In particular, the review of RBMPs every six years establishes a mechanism to prepare for and adapt to climate change.
No targets have been specified.
DG CLIMA: Adaptation to climate change
Adaptation means anticipating the adverse effects of climate change and taking appropriate action to prevent or minimise the damage they can cause, or taking advantage of opportunities that may arise. It has been shown that well planned, early adaptation action saves money and lives in the future. This web portal provides information on all adaptation activities of the European Commission.
EU Adaptation Strategy Package
In April 2013, the European Commission adopted an EU strategy on adaptation to climate change, which has been welcomed by the EU Member States. The strategy aims to make Europe more climate-resilient. By taking a coherent approach and providing for improved coordination, it enhances the preparedness and capacity of all governance levels to respond to the impacts of climate change.
Annual average water temperature in River Rhine and River Meuse (1911–2010); River Danube (1901–1998), Lake Võrtsjärv (1947–2011), and average water temperature in August in Lake Saimaa, Finland (1924–2011) are displayed.
Trend lines have been added.
The attribution of water temperature increase to climate change is difficult as other effects like increased use of cooling water take place at the same time.
Further information on uncertainties is provided in Section 1.7 of the EEA report on Climate change, impacts, and vulnerability in Europe 2012 (http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/climate-impacts-and-vulnerability-2012/)
No uncertainty has been specified
DONAR (Historical water measurement data)
provided by Rijkswaterstaat
River Danube water temperature measurements
provided by University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU)
Water temperature in Lake Võrtsjärv
provided by Estonian University of Life Sciences
Hydrology and Water Resources Management Data system
provided by Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE)
Environment data compendium
provided by Government of the Netherlands
DPSIR: Impact
CLIM 019
Updates are scheduled every 4 years
a13255f0684d418d8584f9c6262502f6
08 Sep 2008 - Water temperature
Austria Estonia Finland Netherlands
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/water-temperature-1/assessment or scan the QR code.
Filed under: water water temperature rivers
Filed under: water, water temperature, rivers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
'Avengers: Endgame' Alternate Ending Featured Iron Man's Survival
by Allen D. Lyons
Avengers: Endgame wrapped Tony Stark's arc over several movies. Robert Downey Jr kicked off the MCU with Iron Man. Since, he's reprised the role in The Incredible Hulk, Iron Man 2, The Avengers, Iron Man 3, Avengers: Age of Ultron, Spider-Man: Homecoming, and Avengers: Infinity War. Then finally, he met his fate in Endgame. After he died, Captain America returned the Infinity Stones like Banner promised The Ancient One. Hulk, Falcon, and Bucky sent Cap on his way. Then Falcon had a discussion with Old Man Cap where he passed his shield along. However, concept art shows a different version of the scene. Stark survived the gauntlet snap. And he saw Cap off instead of the other three.
Avengers: Endgame – The Art of the Movie is a book that features concept art from the film. It also shows Thanos at different stages in his life. There was to be additional scenes showing flashbacks of his life. There was also a scene in which Thor reunited with Jane. She looked quite surprised to see an anthropomorphic raccoon. ComicBook.com presented a page of the scene with Cap on the launch pad.
This could have said that Tony wasn't originally supposed to die. But screenwriter, Stephen McFeely, told Vanity Fair that they wrote the ending even before Captain America: Civil War was released.
"It's such a leap faith, right? We'd only had one movie as a foursome under our belt (when hired for Infinity War and Endgame). We got the job, thought about it all throughout the shooting of Civil War. And then the last four months of 2015, we cracked both those [Avengers] movies. So Tony's death and Cap's dance were on three-by-five cards in September of 2015."
This art was probably to prevent any spoilers about Stark's fate. Before the release of Infinity War and Endgame, there was much secrecy. Many of the actors even received fake scripts. Downey and Chris Evans were perhaps the only ones who had the real versions.
RDJ will reprise his role one last time in Black Widow. Though, that movie will occur between Civil War and Infinity War. Therefore, Tony is still dead. But rumors point to his position in an Iron Heart movie. In the comic, he served as an A.I. hologram companion to Riri Williams.
Avengers: Endgame is available to stream on Disney Plus. Avengers: Endgame – The Art of the Movie can be purchased wherever books are sold. Black Widow is scheduled for theaters on May 1st, 2020. For everything else in the MCU, keep reading Screen Geek.
Tags: Avengers: EndgameCaptain AmericaChris EvansIron ManMarvelMCURobert Downey Jr.Steve RogersTony Stark


under Sovereign Immunity per accident or occurrence - Per Section 537.600 RSMO., et seq.
under Sovereign Immunity per person - Per Section 537.600 RSMO., et seq.
under Sovereign Immunity - Per the accident or occurrence limit in Section 537.600 RSMO., et seq.


Outlier Genetics is the true essence of Jamaica: community, culture, and excellence. Located on a 100 acre all-organic farm, Outlier has developed partnerships with farmers that are focused on excellence in Cultivation, Community, Environmental and Social Responsibility. All of our products are sun-grown, in 100% custom-mixed on-site soil, spring-watered, slow-cured and hand trimmed. We do NOT use ANY pesticides, Chemicals OR growth hormones. We only add love, respect, care coupled with pride in our work, commitment to growing the highest-grade hemp and providing the most potent medicine.
Outlier's competitive advantage lies in its marriage of artisan cultivations processes coupled with state of the art technology, process efficiency in cultivation, processing and production.
Outlier Genetics is obsessed with the genetics of our plants, as they have a decisive influence on the results of our harvest and the quality of the the product that is produced. Outlier's goal is to provide a consistent high level of quality genetics and seeds, to preserve the health, vigor, and genetic diversity of hemp and to breed the purest quality and potency. All seeds are from 100% organic production with strict quality control and we manage the seed bank in an ecologically responsible way.


text:
Ідея Віларіньйо Романі (Монтевідео, 18 серпня 1920 – 28 квітня 2009) – уругвайська поетеса, есеїстка і літературознавиця.

Належала до групи інтелектуалів, відомої як " Ґенерація '45". До цього угруповання належать такі письменники, як Хуан Карлос Онетті, Маріо Бенедетті, Саранді Кабрера, Карлос Мартінес Морено, Анхель Рама, Карлос Реаль де Азуа, Карлос Маґґі, Альфредо Гравіна, Маріо Арреґі, Аманда Беренґер, Умберто Меґґет, Емір Родріґес Монеґал, Ґледіс Кастельвеккі, Хосе Педро Діас та ін.

Також вона працювала перекладачкою, композиторкою та викладачкою.

Життєпис
Народилася в освіченій родині, де музика та література були завжди присутніми. Її батько, Леандро Віларіньо (1892 – 1944), був поетом, твори якого за життя не друкувалися. Подібно до братів і сестер Нумена, Поеми, Азула та Алми, вона вивчала музику. Її мати була дуже добре освіченою в європейській літературі.

Віларіньйо була професоркою літератури та середньої освіти з 1952 до перевороту 1973 року . Після відновлення демократичної системи вона повернулася до освіти, працюючи професоркою на кафедрі уругвайської та латиноамериканської літератури в Коледжі гуманітарних наук Університету Республіки.

Віларіньйо почала писати в дуже молодому віці, а її перші зрілі вірші були написані у віці від 17 до 21 року. Її перший поетичний твір "La suplicante" був опублікований у 1945. У наступні роки вона стане міжнародно визнаною і отримає різноманітні нагороди. Вірші Ідеї відзначаються інтимними переживаннями, напруженням і стражданням.

Ідея була включена до групи письменників, відомих як Ґенерація '45, які стали відомими між 1945 і 1950. Серед учасників Ґенерації '45 можна згадати таких авторів, як: Хуан Карлос Онетті, з яким Віларіньйо мала любовні стосунки, Маріо Бенедетті, Саранді Кабрера, Карлос Мартінес Морено, Анхель Рама, Карлос Реаль де Азуа, Карлос Маґґі, Альфредо Ґравіна, Маріо Арреґі, Аманда Беренґуер, Умберто Меґґет, Емір Родріґес Монеґал, Ґладіс Кастельвеккі, Хосе Педро Діас та інші.

Віларіньйо брала участь у численних літературних починаннях. Вона була однією із засновниць журналів "Clinamen" та "Numero", між 1945-1955 (де вона познайомилася з Хуаном Рамоном Хіменесом); співпрацювала з іншими виданнями, такими як "Marcha", "La Opinión", "Brecha", "Asir" та "Texto crítico".

Її переклади отримали визнання, деякі з них, наприклад твори Шекспіра, виконувались у театрах Монтевідео.

У 1997 Ідеї брали інтерв'ю Росаріо Пейру та Пабло Росса, з яких виник документальний фільм «Ідея». Режисером документального фільму став Маріо Джейкоб, прем'єра відбулася у травні 1998.

Твори Віларіньйо перекладено різними мовами, зокрема італійською, німецькою та португальською.

Як композиторці, їй належать чотири емблематичні пісні, що відносяться до популярної уругвайської музики: "A una paloma" (у виконанні Даніеля Вільґетті ), "La canción y el poema" (у виконанні Альфредо Сітарроса), "Los orientales" та "Ya me voy pa 'la guerrilla" (у виконанні Лос Олімареньос).

У 2004 Віларіньйо отримала Premio Konex MERCOSUR a las Letras, надану Фондом Конекс (Аргентина), як найвпливовіша письменниця регіону.

Пізніше Ідея перенесла операцію, яка призвела до непрохідності кишечника та артерій. Віларіньйо не одужала і померла в Монтевідео 28 квітня 2009.

Твори

Поезія

 La suplicante (1945).
 Сієло Сієло (1947).
 Paraíso perdido (Нумеро, 1949).
 Por aire sucio ( Нумеро, 1950).
 Nocturnos (1955).
 Poemas de amor (1957).
 Побре Мундо (1966).
 Поезія (1970).
 Ні (1980).
 Canciones (1993).
 Поесія 1945 - 1990 (1994).
 Poesía completa (Монтевідео. Cal y Canto. 2000).

Нариси

 Grupos simétricos en la poesía de Antonio Machado (1951).
 La rima en Herrera y Reissig (1955).
 Grupos simétricos en poesía (1958).
 Las letras de tango (1965).
 El tango cantado (1981).

Переклади
 Raymond Queneau: El rapto de Ícaro, Buenos Aires, Losada, 19737
 Jacques C. Alexis: Romancero de las estrellas, Montevideo, Arca, 19738
 William Shakespeare: Hamlet, príncipe de Dinamarca, Montevideo, Ediciones de la Banda Oriental, 1974.9
 Andrew Cecil Bradley: Macbeth, la atmósfera, las brujas, Montevideo, Editorial Técnica, 1976.9
 William Shakespeare: Macbeth, Montevideo, Editorial Técnica, 1977.9
 Guillermo Enrique Hudson: La tierra purpúrea, Caracas, Biblioteca Ayacucho, 1980 (traducida junto con Jaime Rest).10
 Guillermo Enrique Hudson: Allá lejos y hace tiempo, Caracas, Biblioteca Ayacucho, 1980 (traducida junto con Jaime Rest).10
 Christine Laurent: Transatlántico (Adaptación de André Tachiné y Philippe Arnaud. Traducción del francés de Idea Vilariño). Montevideo, Trilce, 1996.9

Література

Бібліографія

 Idea: La vida escrita (libro álbum. Contiene entrevistas, fragmentos de su diario íntimo y cartas. Montevideo, Cal y Canto y Academia Nacional de Letras, 2007, .

Посилання

 Біографія Ідеї Віларіньо  (in Spanish)
 Медіа-воз  (in Spanish)

Есеїсти XX століття
Перекладачки XX століття
Уругвайські перекладачі
Померли 2009
Народились 1920
Поети
Літературознавці
Есеїстки
Уругвайські письменники

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


OSHA's Respirable Crystalline Silica Standard for Construction. Workers who are exposed to respirable crystalline silica dust are at increased risk of developing serious silica-related diseases. OSHA's standard requires employers to take steps to protect workers from exposure to respirable crystalline silica.


Polyus intends to put the Sukhoi Log gold deposits in Irkutsk region in operation by 2026.
So far the company has bored 43 thousand running meters.
The capacity of the factory is expected to be 30 million tons of ore per year. Extraction share will reach 88-90%.
Average annual output will be 1.6 million ounces of gold.
Construction is estimated at $2-2.5 billion.


text:
United States of America v. Harold E. Staples, III
United States District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma
90-CR-75-C, US Supreme Court Case No. 92-1441
Harold E. Staples, III
Prosecutor:
William Fleming - Firearms Dealer, Charles Fagg - Firearms Expert
Mr. Staples' home was searched by the ATF and the Jenks Police Department. Two firearms were seized. An M-1 Carbine used in World War II by Mr. Staples' father, which was being kept in Mr. Staples' home. The officers also seized an AR-15 rifle. Seven months later, Mr. Staples was indicted for knowingly possessing unregistered machine guns. The AR-15 was defective even in semi-automatic mode. The AR-15 was capable of firing "automatically" by malfunction. The law governing the case provided that possession of a machine gun was unlawful regardless of whether one knew it was a machine gun. At trial, the jury convicted Mr. Staples. He was sentenced to probation for five (5) years and fined. The Defendant appealed to the Tenth Circuit. The Court of Appeals upheld the conviction finding that the defendant's knowledge as to the characteristics of the weapon was not an element of the crime which the government must prove.
This firm appealed the conviction to the United States Supreme Court with the central issue in the appeal concerning there being a lack of mens rea, or knowledge requirement, in the statute under which Mr. Staples was convicted. The Supreme Court agreed and reversed the conviction. The trial court then entered a judgment of acquittal.
Previous PostPrevious State of Oklahoma v. Barbara Lynn Bell
Next PostNext State of Texas v. James Mack


text:
Spellbound Concerto
Pope Francis prays for the sick and suffering before Our Lady
Pope Francis performs a private act of veneration to Our Lady on the solemnity of the Immaculate Conception
By Vatican News staff writer
On Wednesday morning, just before 6:15 am, Pope Francis went to Piazza di Spagna for a private act of veneration to Our Lady, on the Solemnity of the Immaculate Conception liturgically celebrated on 8 December by the Church.
A statement by the Holy See Press Office said that while it was still dark, Pope Francis placed a bouquet of white roses at the base of the column where the statue of the Madonna is, and turned to Our Lady in prayer, asking for her intercession for the miracle of a cure for the many sick and for healing for peoples suffering from wars and the climate crisis.
Pope Francis in prayer at Piazza di Spagna
The Holy Father also prayed for conversion, to melt the hearts of stone of those who build walls to separate themselves from the pain of others.
The statement notes that the Pope left Piazza di Spagna around 6:20 am and went to the Basilica of St. Mary Major. There he prayed before the icon of Maria Salus Popoli Romani before returning to the Vatican shortly after 7: 00 am.
It had been announced on 27 November that the Pope would not preside over the traditional ceremony at Piazza di Spagna but would make a private act of devotion due to the Covid-19 health crisis.
Pope Francis prays before the icon of Maria Salus Populi Romani at the Basilica of St. Mary Major
The Pope's Agenda


text:
Home » U-Swirl buys beverage, toppings company
U-Swirl buys beverage, toppings company
HENDERSON, NEV. — Moxie Consumer Products, L.L.C., a wholly-owned subsidiary of U-Swirl, Inc., has acquired the business assets of Moxie USA, L.L.C., including the intellectual property and worldwide license rights associated with national, regional and local distributors that currently are purchasing beverage and candy products for sale across more than 15 states. Moxie Consumer Products, L.L.C. was created for the purpose of selling beverages, toppings, and other consumer products.
"This acquisition provides an exceptional opportunity to add revenue streams to our existing business lines," said Ulderico Conte, chief executive officer of U-Swirl, Inc., which is majority owned by Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. "On a system-wide basis, corporate stores and franchisees purchase significant amounts of toppings and beverages, in addition to frozen yogurt ingredients. We believe this acquisition will enhance corporate revenue and earnings, while providing franchisees greater purchasing efficiencies. Moxie Consumer Products, L.L.C. will provide us with a relatively low-risk entry into the consumer products space, while enhancing our presence in schools, where the Mr. Flav beverage product is very popular."
Mr. Conte said U-Swirl looks forward to the introduction of Mr. Flav beverage and Moxie toppings to the entire U-Swirl family of frozen yogurt brands.
"The self-serve frozen yogurt market is extremely fragmented, and we believe the initial step in consolidating an industry involves finding economies of scale by offering superior products at a competitive price," he said. "U-Swirl intends to play an important role in this process as we pursue both organic growth and an aggressive acquisition program. In addition to our recent acquisitions of frozen yogurt chains, we are pursuing new store openings by franchisees under the U-Swirl, CherryBerry and Fuzzy Peach brands, with 32 stores currently in various stages of the development process."
U-Swirl, Inc. is an operator and franchisor of self-serve frozen yogurt cafes that offer frozen yogurt in 20 non-fat and low-fat flavors, including tart, traditional and no-sugar-added options, along with fresh sorbet. Approximately 70 toppings such as fresh fruit, sauces, candies, and granola, are available to customize each serving of yogurt to the customer's individual taste.
In January 2013, the company acquired frozen yogurt cafe assets, franchise rights and certain other assets from Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. in exchange for a 60% controlling ownership interest in the company. As of March 9, 2014, the company and/or its franchisees and licensees operated 286 self-serve frozen yogurt cafés in 38 states and 4 foreign countries.
Business Food Products Beverage Dairy
U-Swirl expands frozen yogurt footprint
Kerry buys probiotics company Ganeden
Keurig buys beverage maker rival
Private equity firm buys American Beverage Co.
Private equity firm buys Australian-style yogurt company
Flavor trends: A taste of what's to come in 2018


For all four planets a very thin light gray or white line represents the few hundred miles near the "surface" of the planets that consists of compressible gases. The slightly darker gray (for Jupiter and Saturn) or blue (for Uranus and Neptune) regions represent gases compressed to the density of a liquid and are therefore nearly imcompressible, and although technically still gases because of the high temperatures inside the planets behave far more like liquids than "normal" gases. The dark gray regions in the diagrams of Jupiter and Saturn represent "metallic" hydrogen, hydrogen compressed to the point where some of the electrons in the hydrogen atoms are wandering freely between the atoms, giving the region heat and electrical conductivity similar to that of molten metals. Neither Uranus nor Neptune has enough pressure within the hydrogen region to create metallic hydrogen, so there is no such region shown in their diagrams. For Uranus and Neptune a whitish area comprising most of the apparent bulk of the planet represents "ices", or materials that are liquids or gases in our experience (such as water, methane and ammonia), but are compressed to liquid or solid states by the weight of the layers above them. For reasons discussed in the page on the magnetic fields of the planets, at least part of the "icy" portion of Uranus and Neptune must be either liquid or partially liquid. For those two planets, the dark central region represents a rocky core. But for Jupiter and Saturn, the central core of ice and rock is so small in comparison to the overall mass of the planet that its mass and size are more a guess than anything else, and the dark brown regions represent both an icy outer core, and a rocky inner core.
Jupiter consists mostly of liquid hydrogen, a large portion of which (shown in darker gray) is metallic hydrogen. Deep inside, an icy core must overly a rocky and metallic core, but the size and mass of these cores is too small to significantly affect observations of Jupiter's properties, so we can only make educated guesses as to their size.
The structure of Saturn is similar to that of Jupiter, but it is much less compressed under its weight, so it has far less metallic hydrogen.
Uranus and Neptune have relatively small amounts of hydrogen -- just a few Earth masses -- above their icy and metallic cores, so we can be more confident about the structure of those cores. For Neptune, which has more mass than Uranus but is smaller, the core must have most of the mass, while for Uranus the hydrogen "mantle" must be more significant, and perhaps even exceed the mass of the core.


Governor, Lawmakers Engaged on K-12 in N.J.
The following offers highlights of the recent legislative sessions. Precollegiate enrollment figures are based on fall 2010 data reported by state officials for public elementary and secondary schools. The figures for precollegiate education spending do not include federal flow-through funds, unless noted.
| NEW JERSEY | The Garden State's Republican governor made education a headline-grabbing issue during his first year in office. The dominant issues were his bids to cut spending and to reform teacher pay and tenure.
Gov. Chris Christie's attack on spending, fueled by an $11 billion budget shortfall for fiscal 2011, took shape in a 33-bill "toolkit" to rein in spending and control the rise in New Jersey's property taxes, which are the highest in the nation.
The centerpiece of his toolkit was a proposed constitutional amendment lowering the current 4 percent cap on city, school, and county property-tax levies to 2.5 percent. A summer compromise with state lawmakers took that cap to 2 percent, but through legislation instead of a constitutional amendment. The legislature also passed toolkit pieces that required all government workers, including school employees, to contribute at least 1.5 percent of their salaries to health-care costs; capped the amounts of unused vacation and sick time public employees can use; barred part-time employees from the pension system; and rolled back a 9 percent pension-benefits increase the legislature had passed a decade ago.
Through regulation, the governor capped the salaries of 360 school superintendents, a savings of $10 million.
The state's $29.8 billion budget for fiscal 2011 was 8.8 percent smaller than the previous year's plan. It suspended a popular property-tax-rebate program, skipped $3 billion in contributions to the state's pension plan, and cut $819 million in state aid to K-12 education.
The precollegiate education part of the 2011 budget is $7.9 billion, an 11 percent drop from 2010, but only when $1 billion in federal stimulus money used in 2010 is counted.
Published in Print: January 12, 2011, as Governor, Lawmakers Engaged on K-12 in N.J.


text:
<?php
namespace PhpUnitConversionTest\Unit;

use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
use PhpUnitConversion\Unit\Area;

class AreaTest extends TestCase
{
    public function testFromAre()
    {
        $areaUnit = new Area\Are(1);
        $this->assertEquals('100 m2', Area\SquareMeter::from($areaUnit)->format(0));
    }
    public function testFromHectare()
    {
        $areaUnit = new Area\Hectare(1);
        $this->assertEquals('10000 m2', Area\SquareMeter::from($areaUnit)->format(0));
    }
    public function testFromPerch()
    {
        $areaUnit = new Area\Perch(1);
        $this->assertEquals('25.293 m2', Area\SquareMeter::from($areaUnit)->format(3));
    }
    public function testFromRood()
    {
        $areaUnit = new Area\Rood(1);
        $this->assertEquals('1011.714 m2', Area\SquareMeter::from($areaUnit)->format(3));
    }
    public function testFromAcre()
    {
        $areaUnit = new Area\Acre(1);
        $this->assertEquals('4046.856 m2', Area\SquareMeter::from($areaUnit)->format(3));
    }
    public function testFromSquareSurveyFoot()
    {
        $areaUnit = new Area\SquareSurveyFoot(1);
        $this->assertEquals('0.09290341 m2', Area\SquareMeter::from($areaUnit)->format(8));
    }
    public function testFromSquareSurveyChain()
    {
        $areaUnit = new Area\SquareSurveyChain(1);
        $this->assertEquals('404.687 m2', Area\SquareMeter::from($areaUnit)->format(3));
    }
    public function testFromSurveyAcre()
    {
        $areaUnit = new Area\SurveyAcre(1);
        $this->assertEquals('4046.873 m2', Area\SquareMeter::from($areaUnit)->format(3));
    }
    public function testFromSection()
    {
        $areaUnit = new Area\Section(1);
        $this->assertEquals('2.590 km2', Area\SquareKiloMeter::from($areaUnit)->format(3));
    }
    public function testFromSurveyTownship()
    {
        $areaUnit = new Area\SurveyTownship(1);
        $this->assertEquals('93.240 km2', Area\SquareKiloMeter::from($areaUnit)->format(3));
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Look no further than Sarno Glass & Mirror.
Sarno Glass and Mirror pioneered the use of heavy glass in the manufacture of frameless tub and shower enclosures. Today it's our specialty. We use only the highest quality hardware and tempered glass in both 3/8 and ½ inch thickness's to insure your enclosure will be stunningly beautiful, superbly functional and long lasting.
Sarno Glass is constantly evolving and innovating better methods of designing and manufacturing glass. Our state-of-the art approach and unique creativity allows for some of the best shapes, designs, and finishes of glass you will ever see. Sarno Glass has been in the glass business since 1986. With this much experience your project is in great hands.
Most experts agree that completing bathroom renovations and/or adding a bathroom is one of the best ways to increase your home's resale value, not to mention your own enjoyment. If you are in the middle of a bathroom design or construction project, contact us or insist that your contractor or architect do so.
For free consultation & Project Estimate!
We're involved with and have built our company on truthfulness, honesty and integrity.
Monday - Friday 7AM - 4PM, closed on Saturday & Sunday.


text:
Home Everyday
NATO with joint statement after summit
TOPICS:Article 5BudgetDefenseGreeceMacedoniaNATONorwaysummitUSA
Statue of Philip of Macedonia in Skopje. Photo: Pixabay.com
Posted By: Pieter Wijnen 12. July 2018
NATO have agreed on joint statement after summit
The NATO member states have agreed to a final statement after the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's summit. The United States is still, at least officially, in favour of the principle of "all for one." They additionally invites Macedonia in from the cold.
– After the meeting, nobody expressed any objection to the statement, says Norwegian Prime Minister Erna Solberg (Conservatives).
In the run-up to the summit, there was a lot of tension between the United States and the other member states.
– We have our disagreements, but the most important thing is that we made decisions that bring NATO forward, says Secretary General, Jens Stoltenberg, at a press conference Wednesday afternoon.
He points to the accord aimed at strengthening the alliance's determent and defense capabilities. He also emphasizes that many NATO leaders have promised additional contributions to achieve this.
Confirms validity of § 5
The ratified statement refers to Article 5, which states that any attack on any NATO member should be considered as an attack on all member states. The United States thereby confirm its backing of this key element, disregarding some of Trump's hints to the contrary.
The United States is however critical to that the country picks up the lion's share of the bill. The US defense budget constitutes almost 3.6 per cent of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Many NATO members spend less than 2 per cent of GDP. US President Donald J. Trump has demanded that member states commit to paying at least 2 per cent.
Stoltenberg points to that last year only three member states reached the 2 per cent target at the press conference. Another five member states have presently announced that they will achieve that goal, the NATO big wig states.
On questions from the press, Stoltenberg states that it is natural for the NATO to spend more money in times fraught with tension.
NATO invites FYR Macedonia to join
The NATO leaders have sent a formal invitation to FYR Macedonia to become a member of the alliance, after the conflict with Greece regarding the name has been resolved.
The invitation formally opens for the sovereign state to become NATO's member state number 30.
The country and Greece signed a deal last month in which Macedonia agrees to rename itself to North Macedonia. Athens will in return no longer block for membership in NATO and EU.
Macron denies Trumps claim regarding NATO budgets
President of France, Emmanuel Macron, denies his US counterparts claim that NATO agree to spend even more money on defense.
– Everybody in the room was amicable and they agreed to pay more and to do it at a faster rate, according to Trump.
The French President promptly refuted Trump's claim, pointing out that the NATO member states have not agreed to further increases to their defense budgets.N The Alliance partners decided in 2014 to increase defense budgets to 2 per cent of their Gross Domestic Product by 2024.
Macron also says that Trump "did not threaten to withdraw the United States from NATO at any time, either in public or private."
© NTB scanpix / #Norway Today
Half of all properties cut for sale in last 20 years
Agreement on unregulated fishing in the Arctic Ocean
NORWAY CUP – 29th July – 5th August 2017.
Masked taggers created fear at the metro
Be the first to comment on "NATO with joint statement after summit"


Discussions about the Hydra analysis software framework.
Discussion board about particle identification methods used at Hades.
Any kind of tracking business is discussed here: From MDC level up to momentum reconstruction.
Discussion board on the latest developments and problems of the DAQ and trigger system.
Our users have posted a total of 3374 messages inside 643 topics.
We have 730 registered users.


text:
Home / Workplace Mental Health
Category: Workplace Mental Health
For many workers, Christmas is a time of year for rest and annual leave. However, for people supporting those living with mental illness or experiencing mental health problems, this isn't always the case, and in fact it can be the festive period where support is required the most. We spoke to Cathal, Beth and Monika, Rethink Mental Illness mental health recovery workers, about the impact of their work at this time of year.
Why nutrition and mealtimes are vital for mental health in the workplace
It's estimated that we consume as much as 60% of our food and drink in the workplace and spend more than 40 years of our life at work. For our partners Eurest and 14forty, workplace caterers, this made them think about the link between nutrition and mealtimes and worker's mental health. How can you ensure as an organisation you're supporting employee's mental health through mealtimes?
How to create an office space that prioritises mental wellbeing
There's much more to a mentally friendly work set up than pretty décor and new plush furnishings. An office space that's truly inclusive for those living with mental health problems, experiencing poor mental health and that's psychologically safe and inclusive for all, starts with policy and practice and may include environmental factors such as food and mealtimes and specifically designed office spaces for all types of workers.
How workplace caterers Eurest  & 14forty shine a spotlight on mental health and make it a priority
For World Mental Health Day, we spoke to Rees Bramwell, Senior Nutritionist at our partner Eurest and 14forty. Eurest brings award-winning contract catering services to businesses across the UK, who use their knowledge of how mealtimes and nutrition contribute towards good mental health to promote mentally healthy workplaces up and down the country. We checked in with Rees to find out what they've been doing to prioritise mental health as we approach the last few months of the year, from amending internal policy to creating fundraising schemes.
How to fully switch off during annual leave and how colleagues can help
Heading off on annual leave should be an exciting moment in your work calendar. A moment of respite, when you can switch off and feel assured you're leaving your work and pending actions in safe hands. However, often the weeks that bookmark this protected time are chaotic, with overtime and meeting-heavy days exacerbating stress levels and sometimes even leading us to question if it's worth taking leave at all. In this piece, experts from Mental Health UK explore their top tips on what you and your colleagues can do to make time off truly relaxing and carefree.
Feeling lonely while working from home
During the pandemic, the number of us working from home skyrocketed. For some of us, this change became permanent and the new normal. Whether it's a couple of days a week or every day, many of us are still working from home and experiencing the isolation that can come with it. Evie, 30, from rural Norfolk, shared her experience of loneliness with us, and what she has found helpful to keep more connected.
The struggles of bringing people together when working rurally
Living and working rurally can bring added challenges to the sense of loneliness we're all susceptible to. Thanks to our partner Neptune Energy we were able to fund our Rural Connections programme, delivered by our founding charity Support in Mind Scotland, to help build mental health awareness and address isolation in areas like rural Scotland. We spoke to Iona from Creatomatic, a web design and development agency in Lockerbie, Dumfries and Galloway, about their experience of the programme.
"Sometimes it's not okay to say you're okay"
Our valued supporter, Darren Drudge, works as Customer Services Assistant for our partner Lloyds Banking Group. Sophia from our Communications team spoke to him about his experiences of the pandemic and how his dad's mental illness affected his own mental health and led him to feel alone. His recent participation in March Around The World, a work fundraising event, enabled him to expand his network locally and get things back on track.
Young workers twice as likely to feel lonely at work
New research by Mental Health UK explores British workers' experiences of loneliness in the workplace and how it can impact on our mental health.


Now that we've transitioned our main dining space from the breakfast room to the dining room, it's time to repurpose the former breakfast room. If you recall, this was our original inspiration picture for the breakfast room. So, what's the new plan?
All the main elements are in place, like the bookshelves, table, and chairs. I don't really anticipate changing them at the moment, although I would like more comfortable chairs in the future.
Step one: take the breakfast decor out of the shelves in an attempt to give it a more library-esque feel.


text:
import * as React from 'react';
import styles from '../CommonControl.module.scss';
import { Pivot, PivotItem } from 'office-ui-fabric-react/lib/Pivot';

export interface IPivotProps {
    ShowLabel: boolean;
    LabelText: string;
    SelectedKey: string;
    Items: any[];
    OnMenuClick: (item: PivotItem) => void;
}

const CustomPivot: React.FunctionComponent<IPivotProps> = (props) => {

    return (

            {props.ShowLabel &&
                {props.LabelText}
            }
            <Pivot selectedKey={props.SelectedKey} onLinkClick={props.OnMenuClick} aria-label="Pivot" className={styles.pivotControl}>
                {props.Items &&
                    props.Items.map(item => {
                        return (
                            <PivotItem headerText={item.text} itemKey={item.key} />
                        );
                    })
                }
            </Pivot>

    );
};

export default CustomPivot;


Some folks may consider it is pointless to place Best gym floor material carpet vidalondon because it will not bring more function to help doing the activities from the Floor sink. But, light truly brings higher-value than you've ever best gym floor material envisioned, for those who know just how exactly to put it correctly. Following are a few ideas to put appropriate lighting previously mentioned Floor sink, therefore best gym floor material that it might boost your Floor sink design upward. For those who have cabinet over your Floor sink and it is sti wish to add some lighting best gym floor material on it, then it's suggested for you not to set ceiling lighting fixture. It's because ceiling lamps will build unpleasant beams on your own Floor sink area.
Best gym floor material gymnasium floor covering carpet vidalondon is really so a lot. It also depends on the material gymnasium floor covering of the cabinets nevertheless. There are several kinds gymnasium floor covering of timber which are used for your cabinets. A number of them also have beautiful natural fiber. Naturalfiber of this wood shouldn't be covered with good paint. Thus, you can apply wood jacket that can enhance the natural fiber and also prevent the mildew or mould grows upon it. Inside this essay we are getting to chat about the type of paint to Floor cupboards. Oil based paint is very common for wood. But basically it will be quite tricky to remove after it touched your cloth.
Developing new appearance in the Floor reclaimed maple gym flooring can be completed in numerous manners. Make some thing new in the Floor doesn't necessarily require high cost since you will find lots of easy ways to achieve it. DO-ing this make-over in your own too may cut down the funding for repainting. Best gym floor material carpet vidalondon can be really a great means to present your Floor new appearances with lowbudget and also simple effort. For instance, should you'd like to bring some patterns in the Floor, you can take good thing about wallpaper. Employ semi gloss latex paint onto the Floor cabinet doors also insure them with wallpaper that you just prefer.
Best gym floor material industrial materials carpet vidalondon cabinet and Floor are just two things that cannot be separated. You will find cabinet within the Floor so when you develop a Floor, you clearly require cabinet. Cabinet may be your something that could be embellished in the Floor. To generate the fascinating and delightful nuance, you may play the shades and then employ your favorite ones onto the cabinet. You will find a number of painting thoughts, especially for Floor cupboard that can serve as a reference.
Best gym floor material carpet vidalondon is good and good gym mats for home option for each you that are living in the apartment. You require it to your Floor. When you are living in flat you'll have small Floor. This means you require compact and stylish Floor appliance. Sternstorp Floor cart is excellent option because of several reasons. Ikea offers you most useful solution and you will find a number of reasons too why you ought to purchase solution from Ikea.
Probably you commercial gym flooring sensed frustration when you faced problem like Best gym floor material carpet vidalondon. Since it may take too much time to acquire the water collected. You can mend and fix this difficulty by yourself even if you do not need pipes foundation in the event that you are aware of how. The way to obtain non water pressure Floor faucet would be that the clogged aerator. What's aerator? It's a system which restrict the water leak at the close of faucet. Beneath the sink you'll find valves which can be responsible connecting the tap to drinking water supply. Make certain these valves are totally available to improve the water flow during faucet.
This Best Gym Floor Material Carpet Vidalondon the gallery form Best Gym Floor Material. Hopefully you can find the best inspiration from our gallery here.


text:
Yaniv Schulman dit Nev né le  à New York aux  États-Unis est un producteur, acteur, photographe et animateur de télévision américain. Il est surtout connu pour le documentaire de 2010 Catfish et la série télévisée suivante Catfish: l'émission télévisée sur MTV, dont il est l'animateur et producteur exécutif.

Biographie

Jeunesse
Nev Schulman est né à New York. Il a un frère aîné Ariel, qui est acteur et cinéaste. Ils sont d'ascendance juive allemande, russe, polonaise et roumaine.

Il a étudié la photographie et la danse au Sarah Lawrence College de 2004 à 2006, il a admis en avoir été renvoyé après avoir frappé une étudiante.

Vie personnelle
En mai 2016, Schulman a annoncé qu'il attendait son premier enfant, une petite fille, avec sa petite amie, Laura Perlongo. Le couple s'est fiancé le 23 mai 2016. Laura a donné naissance à leur fille, Cleo James, le 21 octobre 2016. Le 22 juillet 2017, Schulman et Perlongo se sont mariés. En août 2018, le couple a annoncé qu'il attendait son deuxième enfant, un garçon. Le 9 janvier 2019, Perlongo a donné naissance au deuxième enfant du couple, Beau Bobby Bruce. En avril 2021, Schulman et Perlongo a annoncé qu'il attendait son troisième enfant, un garçon. Le 25 septembre 2021, Perlongo a donné naissance au troisième enfant du couple.

Carrière
À 19 ans, lui et son frère Ariel créent une société de production de films et de photographies. En 2004, Schulman a commencé à photographier des scènes de danse alors qu'il s'impliquait dans la communauté du ballet contemporain à New York. Il est membre fondateur du comité de jeunes dirigeants de l'organisation de jeunesse Leave Out Violence.

En 2010, Schulman est devenu le sujet du documentaire Catfish , tourné par Ariel et son partenaire commercial Henry Joost, dans lequel Schulman rencontre et tombe amoureux d'une femme qu'il a rencontrée en ligne, découvrant  plus tard qu'elle n'était peut-être pas exactement ce qu'elle prétendait être.

En 2012, Schulman est devenu l'animateur et producteur exécutif de la suite de l'émission Catfish: l'émission télévisée de MTV , avec son partenaire cinématographique Max Joseph, durant laquelle il présente des couples dans la vie réelle qui sont tombés amoureux en ligne mais qui ne se sont pas encore rencontrés physiquement.

Schulman a écrit un livre, Dans la vie réelle: amour, mensonges et identité à l'ère numérique (2014). Il y décrit son expérience lors du tournage de Catfish.

En 2018, Schulman a été suspendu de son émission à la suite d'une accusation de harcèlement sexuel. Peu de temps après, à la suite d'une enquête, l'accusation est jugée "non crédible" et la suspension levée.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Max Joseph
 Catfish : fausse identité
 Catfish (film)
 MTV (États-Unis)

Liens externes

 Nev Schulman profile sur MTV.com

Naissance à New York
Producteur américain de télévision
Photographe américain du XXIe siècle
Photographe de danse
Étudiant au Sarah Lawrence College
Participant à Dancing with the Stars (États-Unis)
Naissance en septembre 1984


text:
Strusshamn is een plaats op het eiland Askøy, in de provincie Vestland in het westen van Noorwegen. Het dorp ligt aan de zuidkust van het hoofdeiland. Het dorp was lange tijd de zetel van het gemeentebestuur totdat in 1956 het gemeentehuis afbrandde en er een nieuw gemeentehuis werd gebouwd in de huidige hoofdplaats Kleppestø. Het dorp en de directe omgeving telt ruim 3600 inwoners (2016).

Kerk

Het dorp heeft een modern kerkgebouw. Het werd in twee delen gebouwd. Het oudste deel van het betonnen gebouw stamt uit 1969. In 2009 werd het fors uitgebreid. De eerste kerk in Strusshamn werd gebouwd in 1741. Nadat deze kerk in 1861 was afgebrand werd een nieuwe kerk gebouwd die in 1864 in gebruik werd genomen. Na ruim 100 jaar brandde ook deze kerk af.

Plaats in Vestland
Askøy


text:
"""A set of generic utility functions."""

import subprocess
import optparse
import sys

def run(cmd, echo=False, verbose=False):
    """Run a command in a sub-process."""
    result = []
    if echo:
        print(cmd)
    p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
    line = p.stdout.readline()
    while len(line):
        line = line.rstrip().decode()
        if verbose:
            print(line)
        result.append(line)
        line = p.stdout.readline()
    return result

def parse_cmd(name,
              arguments,
              options=None
              ):
    """Parse the command line.

       Keyword arguments:
       name      - name of the command
       arguments - a list, each element being a tuple (name, descr, [option])
                   where name is the name of the argument, descr is a humanly
                   readable description of the argument, and option is the
                   third optional item (can be anything, usually a boolean
                   flag, e.g. True) which indicates that this argument is
                   a list. If present, the option stops command processing
                   after the said argument.
       options   - a list, each element being
                      (switch, name, storage, default, descr)

       If successful:
          1) If options are given, return (ARGS, OPTS) as dictionaries.
          2) If options are not supplied, return ARGS as a dictionary.
       If failed:
          Exit with code 2 if failed.
    """

    # Compute the length of the longest argument name.
    # We'll use this to make the usage columns look nice.
    length = 0
    for arg in arguments:
        length = max(len(arg[0]), length)

    # Assemble the usage string.
    usage = ' %s '%name
    if options:
        usage += '[options] '
    for arg in arguments:
        usage += '%s'%arg[0]
        if len(arg) == 3:
            usage += '...'
        usage += ' '
    usage += '\n\nArguments:'
    for arg in arguments:
        usage += '\n  %s'%arg[0]
        for ii in range(length - len(arg[0])):
            usage += ' '
        usage += '   %s'%arg[1]

    # Create the OptionParser object.
    opt_parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage=usage)
    if options:
        for option in options:
            opt_parser.add_option(option[0],
                                  dest    = option[1],
                                  action  = option[2],
                                  default = option[3],
                                  help    = option[4])

    # Parse the command line.
    OPTS, ARGS = opt_parser.parse_args()

    # Make sure arguments were given since
    # OptionParser considers them optional.
    if len(ARGS) < len(arguments):
        opt_parser.print_help()
        sys.exit(2)

    # Assemble ARGS in a dictionary.
    ARGS_DICT = {}
    count = 0
    for arg in arguments:
        # If this argument had the optional third element,
        # then give it the remainder of ARGS and stop processing.
        if len(arg) == 3:
            ARGS_DICT[arg[0]] = ARGS[count:]
            break
        else:
            ARGS_DICT[arg[0]] = ARGS[count]
        count += 1

    # Assemble OPTS in a dictionary.
    OPTS_DICT = {}
    if options:
        for opt in options:
            name = opt[1]
            exec('OPTS_DICT[name] = OPTS.%s'%name)

    # Return the parsed result.
    if options:
        result = (ARGS_DICT, OPTS_DICT)
    else:
        result = ARGS_DICT
    return result

# The end.


A Swapfiets bicycle can easily be ordered online. Select the city where you want a Swapfiets bicycle and follow the steps. After placing your order, we make an appointment to deliver your bicycle. You can also pick up your bicycle in some cities. Upon receipt, we adjust the bicycle for you personally so that you can use it immediately.
Where can I get a Swapfiets Bicycle?
Swapfiets bicycles are available in the following cities: Antwerpen, Brussel, Gent, Leuven, (NL) Amsterdam, Arnhem, Breda, Delft, Den Bosch, Den Haag, Ede-Wageningen, Eindhoven, Enschede, Groningen, Haarlem, Hengelo, Leeuwarden, Leiden, Maastricht, Nijmegen, Rotterdam, Tilburg, Utrecht, Zwolle, (DE) Bremen, Brunswijk, Göttingen, Hannover, München, Münster, Oldenburg, (DK) Aarhus, Copenhagen, Odense. Is your city not listed? Please let us know.
What happens if something of your bike breaks down? Then one of our swappers comes over to quickly exchange ('swap') your bicycle with a working one. As a result, you are always assured of a working bicycle and back on the road again in no time. Moreover, we can also carry out minor repairs directly on location.
What happens if somebody steals my bicycle?
Our bicycles are insured against theft. However, in the event that your Swapfiets bicycle is stolen, you pay your €60,00 deductible, provided that your bike was locked properly. The remaining costs are covered by our cycle insurance. Of course we ensure that you will receive new bicycle ASAP.
Do I need to have my own bicycle?
No, you do not need to have a bicycle of your own. For a fixed monthly fee we provide you with a sturdy Swapfiets bicycle. Then we ensure that your Swapfiets bicycle always works.
If there is something wrong with your bike, we come over to you to repair your bicycle or to swap it for a working one. This is done without extra costs for you.
Our subscription is flexible and can be terminated monthly. We do not charge any deposit or start-up costs. However, the termination period is one month.


Do you know the value of the possessions you have in your home? If you're like most of us, probably not, which is why so many people are shocked when they make an insurance claim to replace their possessions after major damage to their home.
So why do we lose perspective over the value of what's in our home? This is partly because we typically amass our possessions over a long period of time. Even if we're among the rare people who've kept the receipts, we don't usually keep up with price increases. The replacement cost may be a good deal more than the original price.
And that's if we've actually bought the item. If it was a gift or an inheritance, we don't usually think about finding out the insurable value.
It helps to have a photograph of the item if its value isn't known, but a genuine valuation is better. The Insurer usually stipulates an upper limit that can be paid for any individual item, unless its value has been specified in the policy documents. If an item isn't listed, you may not receive its full replacement cost.
When you're taking out a contents insurance policy, make sure it includes a list of what's being covered, including items you may not expect to count as contents, such as flooring and carpets. The Insurer's Loss Adjuster will always ask for a complete list of damaged or missing items when you make a claim.
Previous PostNew Strategies By BurglarsNext PostHow Much Insurance Cover Should You Have?
Can You Find All the Damage Done to Your Property?
Do You Have Insurance Cover for Business Interruption and Loss of Profits?
Have You Rodded Your Pipes Yet?


The long, elongated string-bean sized country along South America's west coast has everything it needs to make Chile a perfect country for your overland journey. The enormous Atacama Desert in the north allows you to get lost, have an off-road adventure, or to explore ghost towns dating from a glorious past. The second wilderness lies in the far south, a wild landscape with glaciers where few people live. Driving the Carretera Austral is the ultimate way to see one of the remotest regions in the world.


The latest report from IMRB "Digital Divide to Digital Dividend" is about the increased broadband penetration in rural India. While many question terming 256K as "broadband", I personally am comfortable calling 256K as broadband internet in India. We can't compare ourselves with the western world where home users have 6MB of mouth watering bandwviidth at home. India is India.
India witnessing technological progress is fine, but if it doesn't touch the masses it isn't worth talking about.
Barely 10% of India's schools (assuming rural) have computers, broadband is unheard of.
By Dec 2010, the govt had targeted 20 million broadband connections. We achieved a mere 7 million connections. Who is to blame?
By Dec 2014 India expects to have 214 million broadband connections.
In Dec 2010, rural India had 15.2 million broadband users (not connections), of which 12.1 million users were active users.
By Dec 2011, India is expected to have 29.9 million rural broadband users, of which 24 million are expected to be active users.
69% of rural population is aware of the existence of internet. Cool!
Only 6 per cent access the internet from their homes, and 5 per cent from mobiles.
The consumption of videos is on the rise in India. We do see that behavior on Oneindia Videos too. If a lot of content is available on videos we can expected even the not-so literate and/or illiterates to be using the internet (because they can understand spoken language, but not read).
Either way, I do see as the broadband penetration reaches Tier-3, rural India, the demand for Indian language content increasing on the internet.
How connected is rural India to the Internet?


The path forward at Coast Mountain College connects communities.
Our Business Administration program is designed to transfer to degree programs at other universities in the province and around the world.
Gain the credentials, experience and expertise needed to get ahead in today's competitive workplace.
We're offering our certificate program at our Masset campus on spectacular Haida Gwaii! Learn more.


Dance with us this summer!
Each camp begins at 9:00am and ends at noon each day. Students will learn basic dance styles and techniques, as well as participate in games, activities and arts and crafts.
There will be a brief showcase on the last day of each camp to show dances and skills students learned throughout the week.
Students may wear any dance clothes, or anything they can move in. Ballet and jazz shoes are acceptable footwear; however, bare feet are fine too! We have a vast variety of dancewear and shoes available for sale in the lobby.
Bring a water bottle. Snacks are provided, but you are welcome to bring your own snack if preferred.
Click here to register for Summer camps and classes now!
Want to dance even more?!
Our summer technique classes will keep you on your toes this summer. Don't miss a chance to improve your technique! Classes begin the week of June 4th and finish August 21st.
technique Classes begin the first week of june.
Here at Movement Montana Arts Academy, we're passionate about teaching youth the meaning of true artistry and athleticism. Our classes will always model a positive and encouraging environment, and our instructors will always teach young dancers to strive for their utmost potential.
Not sure what classes to sign up for? let us know what you're looking for and we will help!


text:
DataPolitics
Suggest Companies to Add
Follow David Ebner, Colin Freeze On Twitter, David Ebner, Colin Freeze
Deep Root Analytics
work, firm, hired, global, mr, controversy, aggregateiqs, wells, data, aggregateiq, worked, information, canadian, clients, small, centre, online, vickery, big
Title AggregateIQ, Canadian data firm at centre of global controversy, was hired by clients big and small - The Globe and Mail
Source URL https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-aggregateiq-canadian-data-firm-at-centre-of-global-controvery-was/
Text AggregateIQ, the Victoria consultancy that was suspended by Facebook amid controversy over its role in political campaigns in Britain and elsewhere, worked on a range of smaller elections in Canada – including an ill-fated comeback last year by a former mayor in Newfoundland.
A list of AggregateIQ's Canadian clients is detailed in files uncovered online in late March by UpGuard Inc. The U.S. cybersecurity consulting firm discovered some of the inner workings of AggregateIQ after the B.C. company had failed to protect computer code and other files its software developers had housed on an online service.
One name revealed in UpGuard's findings is that of Andy Wells, who resigned as mayor of St. John's in 2008, after serving for about a decade. In 2017, Mr. Wells ran for his old job but finished a distant second.
In an interview, Mr. Wells said he hired AggregateIQ after reading about the firm's work in the 2016 Brexit vote.
"They didn't turn out to be very useful," said Mr. Wells. AggregateIQ worked on his website, provided advice and used only publicly available voter information, he said. "I wouldn't recommend them to anybody."
Open this photo in gallery Whistleblower Christopher Wylie. Dan Kitwood/Getty Images
AggregateIQ's work on a lost civic campaign in Newfoundland has become a footnote for a company that is being probed by privacy commissioners from Britain, Canada and British Columbia. The firm was catapulted into public view over its role in the 2016 Brexit vote. For the past several weeks, Canadian whistle-blower Chris Wylie has been publicly denouncing AggregateIQ, saying he helped set it up before it went on to deploy questionable campaign tactics to influence voters during Brexit and in the United States, Nigeria and Trinidad.
On Tuesday, Chris Vickery, UpGuard's director of cyberrisk research, will appear as a technical expert at the House of Commons standing committee on access to information, privacy and ethics. The committee meeting is about the misuse of personal information involving the British political consultancy Cambridge Analytica and data mined from Facebook, a scandal to which AggregateIQ has been tied.
AggregateIQ was suspended by Facebook on April 6. The Victoria company has said it had never entered into a contract with Cambridge Analytica and has never managed or had access to any Facebook data from Cambridge Analytica. AggregateIQ did not respond Sunday to a request for comment.
It was an eye-opening moment, once it hits you: 'Oh my god, this is what they're using to influence elections across the globe. — Chris Vickery, UpGuard's director of cyberrisk research
Mr. Vickery discovered AggregateIQ's work in late March. UpGuard has already published information about AggregateIQ's Brexit efforts, where it worked closely with campaigns to leave the European Union, and for Ted Cruz, in his failed U.S. presidential bid last year. None of the information, however, included personal details of individual voters.
Now, Mr. Vickery is set to talk about AggregateIQ's work in Canada, which appears to be more mundane than work it has done elsewhere. UpGuard's research highlights AggregateIQ's efforts for politicians who were previously reported to have worked with AggregateIQ. The list includes three BC Liberal candidates in last year's provincial election, former finance minister Michael de Jong among them. It also includes Todd Stone, a Liberal MLA who ran for his party's leadership early this year, and for the BC Green Party in 2016. Mr. Wells was the new name.
While AggregateIQ's work in Canadian politics appears to be straightforward campaigning, there have been some interesting crossovers. For example, in Mr. de Jong's campaign, AggregateIQ appears to have reused a graphic previously used for changebritain.org, a pro-Brexit group that was formed after the referendum.
UpGuard's Mr. Vickery has made a name for himself over the past several years as he has discovered unguarded yet sensitive data online. Mr. Vickery said the typical data leak stems from basic human errors – effectively leaving the door open – rather than a malicious hacker breaking through defences. A major find by Mr. Vickery was the personal information of almost 200 million voters in the U.S., left unsecured last year by Deep Root Analytics, which worked for the Republican National Committee.
When Mr. Vickery saw the news of AggregateIQ's connection with the Cambridge Analytica-Facebook story, he looked online for clues about its work. He found AggregateIQ's exposed data on the software development hub GitLab on March 20.
"I started poking around and I realized, 'Holy cow, the registration is open,' " Mr. Vickery said.
Once inside the code repositories, Mr. Vickery saw how AggregateIQ did its online campaign work.
"It was an eye-opening moment, once it hits you: 'Oh my god, this is what they're using to influence elections across the globe,' " he said.
Mr. Vickery said the sum of AggregateIQ's work showed "the engine or heart of tracking people, figuring out what their political leanings are, influencing them … and focusing your message and seeing how effective various ads are."
AggregateIQ, Canadian data firm at centre of global controversy, was hired by clients big and small - The Globe and Mail (www.theglobeandmail.com-canada-article-aggregateiq-canadian-data-firm-at-centre-of-global-controvery-was-.html)
Add Document Detail
Detail Type:
Highligther
Link to highlights (on this page)
Save Highlights


text:
Diplodus annularis
Family : Sparidae
Text © Giuseppe Mazza
English translation by Mario Beltramini
Diplodus annularis is recognized at once for the black dot without white edge on the tail © Giuseppe Mazza
The Annular seabream (Diplodus annularis Linnaeus, 1758), belongs to the class Actinopterygii, the ray-finned fishes, to the order of Perciformes and to the family of Sparidae.
The name of the genus comes from the Greek "diplous" = two, and "odous" = tooth, therefore "double tooth", with reference to the double incisors, particularly evident.
The name of the species comes from the Latin "annulus" = ring, due to the typical black annular spot just before the caudal peduncle, which is not, however, edged of white as is the case of the Saddle bream (Oblada melanura).
It is present all over the Mediterranean, but does not abound in the Black Sea and between Egypt and Turkey. After Gibraltar Strait, it goes northwards along the eastern Atlantic coast up to Biscay Gulf, and, southwards, it reaches Morocco, colonizing Madeira and the Canary Islands.
Ecology-Habitat
At home in the ports, it lives along the coasts exploring the intertidal zone, but also swims, happily, in small schools or with other sparids in the grasslands of Posidonia (Posidonia oceanica). It almost never ventures down in deep waters, even if, after some, the old individuals might reach the 90 m. In spring, it often frequents also the brackish water of the lagoons.
Morpho-physiology
It is the smallest bream, with a record of 24 cm, and an average, depending on the zones, of 13-16 cm.
The mouth, relatively ample and protractile, has symmetrical jaws with 8 incisors followed by several rows of molars, for removing and chewing the small creatures living on the submerged rocks.
Closely tied to the tidal zone, often frequents the rocks seeking small crustaceans © Giuseppe Mazza
The dorsal fin is unique, formed by 11 spiny rays and 12-13 soft; the anal, about half long, contents of 3 spiny rays and 12-13 unarmed; the small ventral ones have one spine and the pectoral are long and pointed. The tail is forked.
The colour, bright silvery with a slight tendency to the yellow, gets more intense in the adults and reinforces with mimetic vertical dark bands when the animal is menaced.
In any case, the ventral and the anal fins are always more or less yellowish and even orange, but the most characteristic element, as mentioned before, is the black spot not edged of white towards the caudal peduncle.
Ethology-Reproductive Biology
As soon as the high tide occurs, our annular seabream goes around for checking the news standing amongst the rocks covered by seaweeds. It looks for crustaceans, molluscs and small echinoderms, without ignoring, if it's the case, also some good little worm.
The mating season is quite variable, depending on the zones, because is related to the temperature of the water. Where it is warm, it reproduces also in January, but along the Italian coasts this will happen in spring-summer. The eggs are floating and are often carried offshore by the currents, so much that 15 mm larval forms, already recognizable by the black spot on the tail, have been found at even 10 km off the coast under floating seaweeds. The juveniles, when around 4 cm, do clearly exhibit the vertical bands of the defensive livery and, driven by the instinct, move towards the ports, the lagoons and the intertidal zone.
When about 9 cm long, at the puberty age, their sex is still uncertain: the gonad is ovarian on one side and testicular on the other. Then one of them gets the better and the other regresses. So, the sexes are separated, but some males reconsider this and, with the age, may become females. This is therefore, as the Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) a protandric hermaphrodite species.
The lifespan of an annular seabream is of 7 years. The vulnerability index of this species is of 27 over 100.
Sparus annularis Linnaeus, 1758.
→ For general information about fishes please click here.
→ To appreciate the biodiversity within the Osteichthyes, the BONY FISH, and find other species, please click here.
Diplodus annularis was last modified: November 21st, 2019 by Giuseppe Mazza
© MONACO NATURE ENCYCLOPEDIA | All rights reserved


text:
What is Andor about? Should you watch Rogue One before watching Andor?
Post author By Salonie Powar
The Star Wars franchise is leaving no stone unturned to fill in as many narrative gaps as they can. The latest project in this endeavor is the TV series, Andor, which takes place five years before the events of both Rogue One and Star Wars: A New Hope.
If you want to get into Andor, you should have some primary Star Wars knowledge for sure, and if possible, have watched all the major films (that is, the Luke Skywalker Trilogy and the Prequel Trilogy).
But since this show is attached to the characters introduced in Rogue One, is it also necessary to watch the film before watching Andor?
Andor explores why Cassian Andor joined the Rebellion Alliance, a crew who go on to infamously steal the Death Star's plans. It is a prequel to Rogue One and can be watched before it.
Let's get into all the details:
What is Andor about?
Should you watch Rogue One before Andor?
About Andor
Andor follows the life of Cassian Andor, who was introduced in the 2016 film Rogue One. Andor was part of the Rebellion Alliance and helped steal the Death Star blueprints that kickstarted the whole Luke Skywalker trilogy.
Andor | Source: IMDb
As we focus on Andor five years before his mission, the show depicts why and how he got into this rebel alliance in the first place. It also shows the grim reality of people whose lives were wrecked by the Empire.
There's a lot of emphasis put on how Andor's story is about "ordinary" people and their struggle for freedom. So, the show is quite grounded and may not get any larger-than-life cameos in form of famous Jedis.
READ: Early Reviews of Andor Call it the Grittiest Star Wars Series Till Date
Since Andor is linked to Rogue One, taking place five years before it, you may be curious about whether or not you need to have watched the latter to enjoy Andor.
Rogue One | Source: IMDb
While you can certainly watch Rogue One while waiting for a new episode of Andor, the answer is no—you can watch Andor without having watched Rogue One before. Andor is a prequel to Rogue One, so it may be better suited to watch the two chronologically.
Here's what you need to know if you haven't watched Rogue One: Remember at the beginning of A New Hope, there's a rebellion crew that steals the Death Star plans under Leia's orders? Well, Rogue One is a film about that very rebellion crew set a week before A New Hope.
Andor zeroes in on one of the vital members of the crew, Cassian Andor. It's quite an independent, self-contained story, and going from the first three episodes released, there aren't a lot of Easter eggs in it for you to feel like you're missing out.
So if you haven't watched Rogue One, no worries. Just make sure you're familiar with the Star Wars basics.
Watch Andor on:
Andor is an American television series created by Tony Gilroy for the streaming service Disney+. It is a prequel to the Star Wars film Rogue One (2016), following the character Cassian Andor five years before the events of the film.
Set five years before Rogue One: A Star Wars Story, Andor will see Cassian in his formative years as he becomes the charismatic Rebel and espionage master.
Diego Luna, Alan Tudyk, Stellan Skarsgaard, Adria Arjona, Fiona Shaw, and others star in the show. The series premiered on Disney+ on September 21, 2022, with the first three episodes.
Categories Categories: Blog, Disney+, Star Wars: Andor, TV Series
Tags Adria Arjona, Alan Tudyk, Andor, Diego Luna, Star Wars: Andor, Stellan Skarsgaad
Salonie Powar
Part-time fangirl, full-time wordsmith. Nothing gets me going like a good story and I'm here to gush all about it, be it sci-fi, K-dramas or whatever Netflix subconsciously induces me to watch next.
More from Salonie→
Andor's Three-Episode Premiere: Complete Recap and Ending Explained
Star Wars: Andor—Release Date, Plot, and Episode Release Schedule
Early Reviews of Andor Call it the Grittiest Star Wars Series Till Date
Diego Luna Confirms Star Wars Prequel Andor as Cassian's Last Adventure
Complete Watch Order Guide to the 'Star Wars' Franchise
Set Photos Show Dead Rogue One Character Return For Star Wars: Andor
How To Watch Star Wars? Easy Watch Order Guide
Everything to Know about Every Upcoming 'Star Wars' TV Show