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50 Dead Men Walking
Malachi O'Doherty reviews Kari Skogland's controversial account of a life lived on the edge
The problem with 50 Dead Men Walking is in the ambiguous character of the fictional Martin McGarland. Here is a man who is loving, gentle and good humoured, who works for the Special Branch against the IRA out of principle and yet moves within the IRA as a plausible operator, recruited for his criminal nerve.
Is he a rake who just can't resist the fun of it all, or is he a principled life saver, as the title claims?
There is much the same problem presented by the real story, as told by the real Martin McGartland. It doesn't quite fit. Those who have met Marty and talked to him over the years have found him to be a playful and extravagant personality. His clowning is what compromises the image of him as a dedicated soldier in the war against the IRA. You get the feeling that he was in it for the craic.
The makers of the film seem aware of the problem and of the clownish side of the real McGartland, and they have reproduced that in the film, if often implausibly. An early confrontation with a foot patrol is the greatest failure in the film to represent real life.
Big feature films always fail to get this aspect of Belfast life during the troubles right. Think of the gunbattle in the streets at the start of The Devil's Own, or the riot and kneecapping at the start of In The Name Of The Father.
This film is also worse than the others for its wooden execution of accent and idiom.
Directors always want to set the scene of a chaotic and war torn city, never grasping the real complexity of life in Belfast, even during the worst of it. No one in their right mind ran away from armed soldiers who had challenged them. And those who did were often shot dead. It just wasn't what a savvy kid like the Marty in the film would have done.
The commentary behind these images overstates the problem. It tells us that in the 1980s 'the protestants' controlled the allocation of jobs and that catholic young men hadn't a chance. Actually, most catholic men had jobs and quite a lot of protestant young men hadn't, since this was the time of the collapse of the shipyard and the engineering industry in Belfast.
It's one thing to keep things simple for a foreign audience that doesn't want to wrestle with the problematic details; it's another to pile propagandist lies onto a story that doesn't need them.
Belfast is described as a battlefield, between the protestant unionists and the catholic republicans - as if everybody took sides. Yet the film is full of characters who hate the IRA. Marty's wife Laura says: 'your neighbours fear you and you are proud of that'; McGartland's mother swears that if he has been part of a shooting she will take him to the police herself. None of this fits with the image of a city in which all take sides; but it provides the moral climate in which a Martin McGartland could toy with the Provos and feel that he was not alone in his contempt for them.
In fact, the whole story of Martin McGartland is the story of a working class hero who laughs in the faces of pompous chauvinists, yet has real affection for some of the Provos he is working among. The question that raises is surely about the sincerity and the motives of the man himself. But the film does not address the question of whether McGartland is still spoofing a bit, whether he just wasn't too mischievous by nature for his own good.
When the Special Branch made their moves to recruit Martin, the attraction for him was first in the money and the car and yet somehow it morphed into heroism and principle.
This isn't to damn the film altogether. It is brutal and funny. But as a representation of life in Belfast at the time McGartland was working for Special Branch, it is virtually useless, and yet it will be taken seriously by many as an authentic account.
As an attempt to answer questions about the complex motives and character of the real Martin McGartland, 50 Dead Men Walking is equally a failure. And it diverges substantially from McGartland's own account of his interrogation by the IRA.
In his version, he presented himself at Connolly House and was taken away by Chico and Jimmy (names well know in the area). He leapt through a window to escape while the flat he was detained in was empty. But we have to have the torture scene and the drama outside; even the shooting of McGartland in later years has to happen in Canada and not the north of England.
What is the point in the script squandering its own credibility like this? It seems to be signaling to us behind the hand, the way Marty would himself, 'don't take any of this seriously; sure it's just a yarn'.
Malachi O'Doherty
Northern Ireland Screen
CEO Richard Williams and chairman Richard Hill. Click Play Audio for a podcast interview
Prods and Pom-Poms
Sandy Row cheerleaders go to Glasgow in new documentary
Five Minutes of Heaven
Liam Neeson returns home to star alongside Jimmy Nesbitt in the best of the current crop of Troubles-related films
Pumpgirl
Fionola Meredith reviews Carol Moore's cinematic adaptation of the acclaimed stageplay


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Archive for the 'Social Research' Category
Uncertain Times – a local conference on the future for Supporting People in Norfolk
We recently attended a conference organised by Norfolk Supporting People Team. The aims of the day were to:
-Increase our understanding of the changing environment in which housing support is provided in Norfolk
-Debate and share views with other providers and stakeholders about the key challenges and hot topics faced
by the Supporting People partnership
-Contribute to the work plan for the Supporting People Provider Elected Panel over the next year
-Influence priorities for Supporting People in Norfolk.
The initial presentation looked at what is on the horizon for housing support in Norfolk. There have been a lot of changes in Norfolk this year. Adult social services has recently been reorganised along with other county council departments to become part of Community Services. Also Norfolk and Suffolk Probation services have been combined into a single trust. In other areas of the country the Supporting People Team has been moved to other agencies, for example in some areas it is part of the Primary Care Trust. Both locally and nationally Supporting People is seen as a success. Nationally there have been £3.46 billion of savings due to Supporting People at a cost of £1.6 billion. Local work on estimating the financial benefits of the
programme indicates that there have been £24 million savings at a cost of £16.4 million.
Personal budgets are being introduced in social care and Supporting People has a part to play in this. Personal budgets will be linking users of services to a wide range of organisations, as part of the expansion of choice. Norfolk was a pilot area for what was then called individual budgets. During the pilot many people were looking to have their own tenancy, 'their own front door'. The challenge for Supporting People is ensuring that they are able to access housing and keep 'their own front door'.
There are opportunities as a result of the introduction of personalisation but also new challenges. In the pilot areas, older people as a group struggled the most with the practicalities of individual budgets, and found the new system 'bewildering'. There are opportunities for new agencies to help older people, and other groups, to get the best from the new system. This does mean that there have to be realistic choices for them to choose between. The personalisation agenda also acknowledges that service users not only have the right to choose but they also have the right to make the wrong choice, to make mistakes and to take risks. Supporting People providers are working to help people make informed choices. How do the 'professionals' feel about this?
For a while people attending the conference kept saying that there was uncertainty. There were two reasons for this. Firstly, the general election was one week away. Secondly, it was a way of not actually saying that there are likely to be cuts in various services. Some people voiced fears about the security of their own job. Eventually it was said, there is no uncertainty. No matter who forms the next government there will be a reduction in the amount of money available. It was therefore a timely conference to start the thinking about who might receive a reduced service. A reduction of 20% to 30% in the size of the budget was discussed. People were challenged to think about which service would you cut or how far would you raise the threshold levels, because these are the decisions that many people think are going to have to be made by someone in the near future. With a decrease in money there are decisions to be made on the priorities for the future, whilst not forgetting that there are 'hard to reach groups' that need services and should not be forgotten. Will a reduction in the budget create an increase in the quality of the services provided to the individual? The conference thought that this was doubtful. What could the fallout be and what might the tabloid press say? Somewhere a tabloid headline could read "Young drug addict gets services at the expense of keeping granny in her home".
There are other certain changes. The population of Norfolk is older than the national average and this will continue for the foreseeable future. The majority of Supporting People funding goes to older people, so this is an important issue. Will more services change to being a 'charged for' service? Could the third sector, the voluntary sector and not for profit organisations fill the gaps? Are you thinking that this is an area where you could provide a service as a social enterprise?
There are calls to get rid of so called 'silo thinking'. An alternate view is to change who has the 'silo thinking'. There seem to be problems if professionals think only in the way that their profession thinks. The alternate view is to let the individual / the carer or the user of services be 'the silo' and the professionals work to the individual's personalised budget requirements.
All in all, the conference provided a useful opportunity for people working with a variety of client groups to get together to discuss and debate common issues related to housing support.
Tags:conference, housing, norfolk, personal budgets, research plus, supporting people
Posted in Norwich, Reports, social care, Social Research | Leave a Comment »
Are your staff as happy and productive as they could be?
Is work related stress affecting your staff?
What is stress and why do we need to tackle it?
People get confused about the difference between pressure and stress. We all
experience pressure regularly – it can motivate us to perform at our best. It is when
we experience too much pressure and feel unable to cope that stress can result.
The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) estimates the costs to society of work related
stress to be around £4 billion each year, while 13.5 million working days
were lost to stress in 2007/08.
As an employer, you are also required by law to assess the risk of stress-related ill health arising from work activities and take action to control that risk. By taking action to reduce the problem, you can help create a more productive, healthy workforce and save money. Many organisations have reported improvements in productivity, retention of staff and a reduction in sickness absence after tackling work-related stress.
What are the HSE Management Standards?
The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has designed the Management Standards approach to help employers manage the causes of work-related stress. The Management Standards cover six key areas of work design that, if not properly managed, are associated with poor health and well-being, lower productivity and increased sickness absence. They cover the primary sources of stress at work:
• Demands – this includes issues such as workload, work patterns and the work environment.
• Control – how much say the person has in the way they do their work.
• Support – this includes the encouragement, sponsorship and resources provided by the organisation, line management and colleagues.
• Relationships – this includes promoting positive working to avoid conflict and dealing with unacceptable behaviour.
• Role – whether people understand their role within the organisation and whether the organisation ensures that they do not have conflicting roles.
• Change – how organisational change (large or small) is managed and communicated in the organisation.
Does stress affect you, your company / business or the people that you work with?
What do you do to reduce this stress?
Tags:Stress survey, Work Related Stress
Posted in Mental Health, Reports, Social Research, Well Being | 2 Comments »
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10 most expensive video games that have been canceled
By Latoya J. Whitaker	 Last updated Dec 4, 2021
As any video game developer will tell you, video games are extremely difficult to create. Worse yet, there is no guarantee that games developed will be completed or released, despite the hard work that goes into them. Whether it's budget issues, tight deadlines, studio policies, or changing platforms, there are a myriad of reasons a game can get canceled.
RELATED: 9 Games That Were Canceled When They Were Already Over
Some video game cancellations cost more than others. For example, if they are nearly finished before they disappear, stagnate in a hell of endless and expensive development, or have developers who have grown too ambitious for their own good.
ten StarCraft: Ghost tried to turn classic RTS into a third-person actor
Fans of real-time strategy will undoubtedly recognize StarCraft as one of the preeminent titles of the genre. StarCraft II was one of the first sensations in esports. However, in 2002, the developers behind the franchise, Blizzard Entertainment, announced how they wanted to capitalize on StarCraft 'success in creating a third-person action / stealth game based on the game's story. StarCraft: Ghost, where you played the role of a psychic Terran spy (known as the "ghost") named Nova. Unfortunately, after more than a decade of delays across multiple generations of platforms, the game was officially canceled in 2014. It was a real shame given that the game looked promising from the little that was revealed through the games. various trailers and demos leaked over the years.
9 THQ's first-person Avengers game that didn't meet
While there were a few mediocre Marvel Cinematic Universe Linking Games prior to the 2012's release Avengers film, THQ – which had the license to develop the Avengers tie-in game – decided to expand its scope and try something a little more ambitious.
RELATED: 10 Canceled Games That Found New Life In Fan Projects
So instead of doing a standard, mundane third-person beat-em-up based on the plot of the (then) coming Avengers movie, they decided to tell an original story where you play as the heroes in first person and fight the infamous Skrulls. Unfortunately, although the game was almost over, after several prestigious and expensive flops from THQ (including In front of the house and the uDraw gaming tablet), they had no choice but to undo it.
8 EA's The Dark Knight game couldn't handle an open Gotham
The Batman begins EA's bonding game – while not necessarily groundbreaking – was always better than you expected for your standard movie bonding game. So when EA got the chance to develop a title for the next one The black Knight movie, the company has decided to do everything possible. It adopted a more robust game engine and attempted to create a completely open world experience, as opposed to the more linear one of Begin. However, their lofty ambition caused technical difficulties and constant delays, which forced the game to miss the film's release by a wide margin. In the end, the studio pulled the plug – a move that cost the company $ 100 million in potential revenue.
7 Primal Rage 2 turns off before launch
After Mortal combat 'After a runaway success in the early '90s, many game developers copied MK's successful combination of digitized sprites with gory ultra-violence. One of the most successful of these types of fighters was that of Atari. Primal rage, that pit giant dinosaurs and monkeys against each other in bloody battles. It was such a success that a sequel was rushed into development. However, due to the high cost of stop-motion animation (which included giant-sized human fighters this time) and the suddenly growing interest in arcade fighters, Atari cut losses and canceled the game entirely. game almost over. To date, there is only one unofficially published test cabinet.
6 Tattooed assassins killed due to delays and mismanagement
As Primal rage, Tattooed assassins was too a Mortal combat clone, with Data East attempting to take advantage of this game's digitized sprites, cartoonish ultra-violence and exaggerated fatalities. However, unlike the first Primal Rage, Tattooed Assassins never officially made it to the arcades, although it was almost finished.
RELATED: Flawless Victory: The 30 Most Powerful Mortal Kombat Fighters, Officially Ranked
Benefiting from a story written by Back to the future's Bob Gale, the game featured hundreds of finishers (including "Nudities"), but ultimately wasn't tested well with players. This was compounded by management issues and deviating deadlines from the developers, so the game was eventually put on hold. It's a shame because one of the finishers got run over by BTTF 's classic DeLorean!
5 Taxi Driver Video Game Was To Be The Canonical Sequel To The Movie
There aren't many films less suited for a video game adaptation than Taxi driver. While there is some action towards the end of the film, the majority of the premise of the film is character-driven descent into madness. And while you could potentially to make an interesting game with this concept, in the mid-2000s, developer Papaya Studio decided to try and adapt the film into a GTA-esque shoot-em-up instead. Even more blatantly, it was intended to be a canonical sequel to the film (which was still quite ambiguous). Regardless, the studio eventually ran out of money and the game was unceremoniously canceled – much to the delight of director Martin Scorsese, who vehemently opposed the game from its inception.
4 Prey 2 gets caught between internal studio politics
years 2006 Prey was a surprise success. A sci-fi first-person shooter, it focused on an indigenous main character who is abducted by aliens and must escape from his ship in order to survive. The game was praised for its awesome and unique gameplay (including the use of an ability called "Spiritual Walk", as well as front portal physics. Portal). However, while a sequel was quickly announced, after numerous delays, it was canceled due to internal struggles between developer Human Head Studios and publisher Bethesda (which ended up making a Prey restart in 2017). In addition, there are pictures of the cancellation prey 2 online, with some sources claiming it was completed before being canceled by Bethesda. Players may never know the truth, but the images are impressive enough that many fans bemoan the fact that he was not allowed to see the light of day.
3 DOOM 4 was too demanding to survive development hell
While LOSS is reborn after the double success of 2016 LOSS reboot and its direct sequel Eternal DOOM, there was a short fallow period in the early 2000s. 2004s DOOM 3 divided fans due to its slower pace and increased emphasis on horror over action. The finally canceled DOOM 4 was meant to be a fix that refocused on in-game action. Set on a demon infested Earth (like DOOM 2 and Eternal DOOM), the game has spent years stuck in development hell. Eventually the developer canceled it because it was too similar to Call of Duty, and the team had to start over.
2 Silent Hills disappears with only PT to show it
The silent Hill the games successfully combined nightmarish imagery with deep psychological storytelling; However, the series experienced a lull in the late 2000s. In 2012, Konami announced Silent Hills – a reboot orchestrated by the enigmatic Hideo Kojima and the famous horror director Guillermo del Toro, with The walking deadby Norman Reedus.
RELATED: Five Games Inspired By The Silent Hills PT Demo
However, due to issues brewing between Kojima and Konami (especially the inflated budget of the last Solid metal gear game at the time), the project was eventually canceled. This was after years of development, including the release of the spooky and well-received TP demo, which showed what the promising game could have looked like.
1 Star Wars: 1313 was Boba Fett's M-Rated game that wasn't meant to be
This cancellation hurts. Before Boba Fett makes his glorious comeback in season two of The Mandalorian, he was supposed to be the star of a gritty, M rated GTA-style Star wars called game Star Wars: 1313. Unfortunately, LucasArts started working on the game in 2012 – the same year George Lucas sold the Star wars Disney rights. After that, it was only a matter of time before an "M-rated" game matched The Mouse's new take on the franchise (in addition to other potential development issues with the game before the acquisition). It's a tragic loss for the gaming community because everything that comes out of it 1313 gives the impression that it would have been something special.
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family story
Family Reboot
Dear White Family, Now That You've Stepped Up, Will You Stay Up?
I had never had so many people asking for my viewpoint, questioning my own experiences, wondering how they might be an ally. That was in May. Now, six months later, those earnest reflections seem to have died down. Will they fade entirely?
Lisa Marie Simmons
I was adopted late, at 8 years old. As a transracial adoptee and survivor of childhood trauma raised in Boulder, Colorado, I have forged my identity on the idea that blood is not what matters. That the family of our choosing — the family we create — can be just as, if not more, nourishing.
Growing up, the friends that became my family were, because of location, predominantly white. My short, white, bubbly Aunt shares stories about walking around with me — a scrawny, gangly, ashy-kneed kid — in this presumably liberal haven dodging whispers, stares, and outright animosity toward us on every outing.
As a child I often did not have the language to deal with being othered by my classmates. Countless conversations about my hair — if I washed it, how I washed it, if they could touch it, it looks like a Brillo pad or something you'd clean the floor with. My eyelashes — so tiny so curly. My hands — why are your palms white? The color of my lips. My body, an endless source of curiosity. Despite this, I found my people. A few friends who had an artistic side like me, the outcasts, the weird and wonderful.
Leaving Boulder for New York City, I formed the first of several bands and a good band is nothing if not family. Though I felt as if I'd found my tribe, the troubling fact of the matter was I often found myself in the position of "schooling" my white family about their unconscious bias. The conversation was frequently downplayed by my friends and too often I let things slide, because honestly, it's exhausting being the lone teacher.
Kunlong Von Cousin, an African-American man, was on a run in Boulder this summer when a local white woman spewed racist hatred at him. The attack was so sudden and so startling that he fell to his knees crying in a visceral reaction. This article sparked outrage on the behalf of the citizens as did Kunlong's original Facebook post. My fellow Boulderites were dumbfounded that such hatred could co-exist with our yoga centers, craft beer, and farmers markets.
His experience brought to mind a time when I had been similarly blindsided. A white Italian man who I considered a friend had a habit of telling racist jokes. I thought him redeemable and I told him, more than once, that though I greatly admired his frequent trips to Africa to help a non-profit build wells, that the bestowing on him of an African name did not allow him a "black card" which he could use to demonstrate that he was one of the gang with the use of racist rhetoric. One evening he had a date who was lamenting the downfall of her neighborhood because of the arrival of people of color and I called her out on it. He sprang to her defense telling me, "Oh it's so sad that you have such a problem being Black. You can't take a joke and now this, you are clearly uncomfortable in your skin." I felt wholly misunderstood by this man I had considered a friend. After walking around the corner, I too fell to my knees in tears with the pain of it.
There is, all across the nation, a great white reckoning in progress and how I welcome it! But how strong are these seedlings of progress and will they take root? I've been approached several times by friends astonished to find that my experience as a Black woman in white America differed at all from their experiences, which is confusing to me. The shock expressed at George Floyd's murder leaves me similarly confounded. It's been happening forever, systemic racism is deeply embedded in the fabric of our country, how is it possible that only now so many are becoming aware of it? My point is, I've spoken to them about racism, these same indignant people were there with me. That white privilege is as profound as it is blinding.
Those 8 minutes and 46 seconds on May 25 in Minneapolis hit white America hard, and like a can of soda, all shook up, out poured all kinds of sweetness. I had never had so many people asking for my viewpoint, questioning my own experiences, wondering how they might be an ally. That was in May. Now six months later those earnest reflections seem to have died down. Will they fade entirely?
Staying Up
The work we need to do as a country and the work I hope that my family embarks on with me is a deeper and sustained reflection on how we can fully support one another. I want my chosen family to see me in my entirety and not through a fractured prism created by the dominant narrative.
How easy it is to say I've never been racist, how difficult it seems to confront one's own implicit bias. Even now, as a great number of my friends are working hard at being woke, I see their struggle to recognize their own racist actions. These are well-meaning people who have unwittingly perpetuated microaggressions: insisting to me that they are colorblind, that they wish they could pull off dreadlocks, who "joke" about how lucky I am that I don't need to work on my tan, who love my skin color and wish they could be Black.
When I was last in Boulder, as a speaker and performer for the Conference on World Affairs, despite being among enlightened, creative, talented people, there were still plenty of moments of inherent bias. "You're so articulate!" people exclaimed often. I want to take it as a compliment, but it stings.
I talk about what life is like as a Black woman, and whatever town I'm in folks say, "Yeah but not here, you've certainly never experienced racism here!" They can't hear what I'm saying: It is everywhere. Those blinders are fastened tightly. They may protect people from the uncomfortable truth, but they do not allow for the vision that lasting change requires.
My hope is that this new awakening goes beyond the hashtags and lip service. How do we find a way as a human family to truly hear one another? To truly see one another with open hearts and minds? When will we dig deeply inside our collective psyche, creating that long overdue lasting change? This commitment is imperative to our evolution. Only then can we nurture those seedlings into a full-blown garden.
Q&A With Diana Adams, Founder & Executive Director of The Chosen Family Law Center
Q&A With Angela Tucker, Founder Of The Adopted Life
Q&A With Dr. Armon Perry, Author Of 'Black Love Matters: Authentic Men's Voices On Marriages And Romantic Relationships'
On Adoptees And Choosing Your Family
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Walking, running, sleeping, driving. Begging for mothers. Begging for air to breathe. Begging for mercy. And still nothing changes. It's disgusting.
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Scapegoating Black single mothers in the wake of Tyre Nichols brutal killing is not only highly irresponsible, its a disgusting rehashing of a tired old trope that we need to retire NOW. What idiocy.
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Home CPD R&D Initial Teacher Training School 2 School System Leaders Partnerships Contact System Leaders Login
School 2 School
System Leaders Login
Our Alliance
ConnectED has a number of schools which work together in partnership to form the Alliance, these range from core strategic partners, to alliance member schools and ITT partnership schools. The Alliance is led by Barrow CEVC Primary School. Our current alliance partners are listed below.
Barrow CEVC Primary School
At Barrow Primary School, every child's educational and personal development is important to us. As we know from personal experience, all children are individuals. They grow both physically and emotionally at different rates. As a small village school, we are able to take an individual approach to a child's education.
Helen Ashe, Headteacher
Colethorpe Lane
IP29 5AU
E-mail: admin@barrow.suffolk.sch.uk
Westley Middle School
Westley Middle School offers an excellent all-round education, within a stimulating environment, for pupils aged 9-13, as part of the Bury St Edmunds All Through Trust. We are very proud of the range of opportunities that we offer, to enable children to grow in all areas of school life.
Oliver Road
IP33 3JB
E-mail: westley@burytrust.org
Chilton Community Primary School
Chilton Community Primary School is in the middle of Stowmarket. We have wonderful, extensive school grounds, which contain many exciting learning environments for our children. We believe in finding the best in all our learners.
Mr Ben Hemmings, Headteacher
Violet Hill Road
IP14 1NN
E-mail:office@chilton.suffolk.sch.uk
St Helen's Primary School
St Helen's is a successful and vibrant school located in the centre of Ipswich close to the university and waterfront. Our impressive building opened as a school in April 1914. It has been extended over the years to offer an excellent range of facilities including two halls, an indoor swimming pool, a separate canteen and several outdoor learning spaces. We provide an excellent education for children from three to eleven years old, with two classes per year group and a Nursery for three and four year olds who attend part time.
Mrs Clare Flintoff, Headteacher
Woodbridge Road
IP4 2LT
E-mail: admin@sthelensprimary.net
St Mary's CofE Academy
St Mary's is a Christian school which has a long and interesting history. First established in the 1860's by Sir Charles Bunbury as two separate schools for boys and girls, with the girls' school being held in the ballroom of the Bunbury's Manor House, the school transferred to its present site in1902. Recognising its historic Christian foundation, the school preserves and develops its strong Christian ethos and religious character in accordance with the principles of the Church of England and in partnership with St Mary's Church and the Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich.
Mrs Lynne Stabler, Principal
St Mary's Church of England Academy
Trinity Avenue
IP28 7LR
E-mail: office@smpsac.org
Bentley CEVC and Copdock Primary Schools
Our vision is for all children to be 'confident individuals, successful learners and responsible citizens' who are well equipped for future life, whatever that may hold.
At Bentley CEVC and Copdock Primary Schools, we have high expectations of every child and believe all children should be encouraged to make appropriate choices about how they learn. As two small village schools, we have the privilege of knowing each pupil as an individual, allowing us to carefully guide them in their learning to achieve good levels of progress and personal success. In close partnership with parents, we cultivate a love of learning, promoting and encouraging the development of important key skills and values within a caring and supportive environment. We are proud of our schools and value the strong community links we have both locally and within our community.
Copdock Primary School
School Hill
IP8 3HY
Email: admin@copdock.suffolk.sch.uk
Bentley CEVC Primary School
IP9 2BT
Email: admin@bentley.suffolk.sch.uk
We also have the following schools in our primary ITT partnership:
Burwell Village College Primary School
At Burwell Village College Primary School we strive to achieve a balance between high academic standards and the all round development of the children in our care. To this end, we provide a broad and balanced education, carefully tailored to deliver the requirements of the National Curriculum, whilst meeting the needs of all of our pupils. In addition, we offer a growing number of opportunities for children to develop individual talents outside the classroom.
Mr. N. Smith, Headteacher
The Causeway
CB25 0DU
E-mail:office@burwellvillage.cambs.sch.uk
Clare Community Primary School
At Clare Community Primary School our sincere wish is that we can work in partnership to give your child the best possible education and start in life. We want to encourage and inspire creativity and give as good a foundation as we can in those vital basic skills such as reading and number, but also help our pupils to develop as caring and thoughtful people, able to work and play sensitively with others. All our pupils should be confident of their own abilities and have respect for others; embodying our core values of Community, Learning, Aspiration, Respect and Enthusiasm. We want your child to be excited to come to school in the mornings.
Mrs. Rebecca Loader,Headteacher
Erbury Place
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Priory School
Priory School supports diversity and a range of need, with specialist teaching and staff who care about the young people they work with, helping them learn and achieve so they may do their best in the world once they leave.
Mr L Chapman, Headteacher
Mount Road
IP32 7BH
E-mail: office@priory.suffolk.sch.uk
Gislingham Church of England Voluntary Controlled Primary School
We believe in giving our children the best start in life by providing an excellent grounding in key skills, as well as building character and developing confidence. Our aim is to instil young people with the desire to reach their potential and to be responsible, compassionate members of the community who demonstrate respect for others.
Mr A Berry, Headteacher
Broadfields Road
Gislingham
IP23 8HX
E-mail: info@gispalfederation.com
At Barrow Primary School, every child's educational and personal development is important to us. As we know from personal experience, all children are individuals. They grow both physically and emotionally at different rates. As a small village school, we are able to take an individual approach to child's education.
We are supported in our aims by the following strategic partners:
The "Science Learning Partnership", based at the Trust's County Campus, involves work across the Bury Trust. The national network of Science Learning Centres and partnerships aims to support teachers and technicians in enhancing their professional skills and inspiring pupils by providing them with a more exciting, intellectually stimulating and relevant science education.
Norfolk and Suffolk Science Learning Partnership
Bury St Edmunds County Upper School
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IP32 6RF
E-mail: npayne@bsecus.org
Suffolk LA
Providing information on schools, children's centres, SEN support, transport, financial help, jobs, teaching and community learning opportunities.
Suffolk Country Council
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8 Russell Road
IP1 2BX
The University of East Anglia (UEA) is one of the best universities in the UK for student satisfaction according to the 2015 Times Higher Education Student Experience Survey. An internationally renowned university based on a distinctive and attractive campus, in the historic city of Norwich, we pride ourselves on the excellent academic, social and cultural facilities which we offer to over 15,000 students.
NR4 7TJ
Cambridge University Dept of Education
The University of Cambridge Faculty of Education is committed to the highest standards of research and teaching and is a significant contributor to the improvement of educational policy and practice in partnership with schools, colleges and other educational agencies
184 Hills Road
CB2 8PQ
Suffolk and Norfolk Initial Teacher Training
Suffolk and Norfolk School Centred Initial Teacher Training (SCITT) is a dynamic, high-quality teacher training provider which offers a range of school-based routes into teaching. We are the largest SCITT in the country based on the number of trainees on the school based teacher training routes we offer.
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Cambridge Teaching Schools Network
The Cambridge Teaching School Network is a network of teaching schools in the Cambridge Area (and beyond). We have been providing school based initial teacher training for many years, alongside the other core functions of a teaching school: research and development; school to school support; and continuing professional development for teachers at all stages of their careers.
Comberton Village College
West Road, Comberton
West Suffolk College
West Suffolk College is a rural further education college with its main campus located in Out Risbygate and Construction and Building Services at The Milburn Centre, Anglian Lane, both within Bury St Edmunds. In addition, we serve our rural community through Local Learning Centres in Haverhill, Ipswich, Mildenhall, Stowmarket and Sudbury. The Haverhill, Mildenhall, Stowmarket and Sudbury centres are also designated Leap centres. We use over a hundred different venues around the county to deliver our programmes.
Out Risbygate
IP33 3RL
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text:
The Indian Ocean slave trade, sometimes known as the East African slave trade or Arab slave trade, was multi-directional slave trade and has changed over time. Africans were sent as slaves to the Middle East, to Indian Ocean islands (including Madagascar), to the Indian subcontinent, and later to the Americas.

History

Early Indian Ocean slave trade
Slave trading in the Indian Ocean goes back to 2500 BCE. Ancient Babylonians, Egyptians, Greeks, Indians and Persians all traded slaves on small scale across the Indian Ocean (and sometimes the Red Sea). Slave trading in the Red Sea around the time of Alexander the Great is described by Agatharchides. Strabo's Geographica (completed after 23 CE) mentions Greeks from Egypt trading slaves at the port of Adulis and other ports on the Horn African coast. Pliny the Elder's Natural History (published in 77 CE) also describes Indian Ocean slave trading. In the 1st century CE, Periplus of the Erythraean Sea advised of slave trading opportunities in the region, particularly in the trading of "beautiful girls for concubinage." According to this manual, slaves were exported from Omana (likely near modern-day Oman) and Kanê to the west coast of India. The ancient Indian Ocean slave trade was enabled by building boats capable of carrying large numbers of human beings in the Persian Gulf using wood imported from India. These shipbuilding activities go back to Babylonian and Achaemenid times.

Gujarati merchants evolved into the first explorers of the Indian Ocean as they traded slaves as well as African goods such as ivory and tortoise shells. The Gujaratis were participants in the slavery business in Mombasa, Zanzibar and to some extent in the Southern African region. Indonesians were also participants, and brought spices to Africa's shores. They would have returned via India and Sri Lanka with ivory, iron, skins, and slaves.After the involvement of the Byzantine Empire and Sassanian Empire in slave trading in the 6th century AD, it became a major enterprise. Cosmas Indicopleustes wrote in his Christian Topography (550 CE) that Somali port cities were exporting slaves captured in the interior to Byzantine Egypt via the Red Sea. He also mentioned the import of eunuchs by the Byzantines from Mesopotamia and India. After the 1st century, the export of black Africans from Tanzania, Mozambique and other Bantu groups became a "constant factor". Under the Sassanians, Indian Ocean trade was used not just to transport slaves, but also scholars and merchants.

Muslim Indian Ocean slave trade

Exports of slaves to the Muslim world from the Indian Ocean began after Muslim Arab and Swahili traders won control of the Swahili Coast and sea routes during the 9th century (see Sultanate of Zanzibar). These traders captured Bantu peoples (Zanj) from the interior in the present-day lands of Kenya, Mozambique and Tanzania and brought them to the coast. There, the slaves gradually assimilated in the rural areas, particularly on the Unguja and Pemba islands. Muslim merchants traded an estimated 1000 African slaves annually between 800 and 1700, a number that grew to  during the 18th century, and 3700 during the period 1800–1870.

William Gervase Clarence-Smith writes that estimating the number of slaves traded has been controversial in the academic world, especially when it comes to the slave trade in the Indian Ocean and Red Sea. When estimating the number of people enslaved from East Africa, author N'Diaye and French historian Olivier Pétré-Grenouilleau estimate 8 million as the total number of people transported from the 7th century until 1920, amounting to an average of 5,700 people per year. Many of these slaves were transported by the Indian Ocean and Red Sea via Zanzibar. This compares with their estimate of 9 million people enslaved and transported via the Sahara. The captives were sold throughout the Middle East and East Africa. This trade accelerated as superior ships led to more trade and greater demand for labour on plantations in the region. Eventually, tens of thousands of captives were being taken every year.

Slave labor in East Africa was drawn from the Zanj, Bantu peoples that lived along the East African coast. The Zanj were for centuries shipped as slaves by Muslim traders to all the countries bordering the Indian Ocean. The Umayyad and Abbasid caliphs recruited many Zanj slaves as soldiers and, as early as 696, there were revolts of Zanj slave soldiers in Iraq. A 7th-century Chinese text mentions ambassadors from Java presenting the Chinese emperor with two Seng Chi (Zanj) slaves as gifts in 614, and 8th- and 9th-century chronicles mention Seng Chi slaves reaching China from the Hindu kingdom of Sri Vijaya in Java. The 12th century Arab geographer al-Idrisi recorded that the ruler of the Persian island of Kish "raids the Zanj country with his ships and takes many captives." According to the 14th century Berber explorer Ibn Battuta, the sultans of the Kilwa Sultanate would frequently raid the areas around what is today Tanzania for slaves.

The Zanj Rebellion, a series of uprisings that took place between 869 and 883 AD near the city of Basra (also known as Basara), situated in present-day Iraq, is believed to have involved enslaved Zanj that had originally been captured from the African Great Lakes region and areas further south in East Africa. It grew to involve over 500,000 slaves and free men who were imported from across the Muslim empire and claimed "tens of thousands of lives in lower Iraq". The Zanj who were taken as slaves to the Middle East were often used in strenuous agricultural work. As the plantation economy boomed and the Arabs became richer, agriculture and other manual labor work was thought to be demeaning. The resulting labor shortage led to an increased slave market.It is certain that large numbers of slaves were exported from eastern Africa; the best evidence for this is the magnitude of the Zanj revolt in Iraq in the 9th century, though not all of the slaves involved were Zanj. There is little evidence of what part of eastern Africa the Zanj came from, for the name is here evidently used in its general sense, rather than to designate the particular stretch of the coast, from about 3°N. to 5°S., to which the name was also applied.The Zanj were needed to take care of:the Tigris-Euphrates delta, which had become abandoned marshland as a result of peasant migration and repeated flooding, could be reclaimed through intensive labor. Wealthy proprietors "had received extensive grants of tidal land on the condition that they would make it arable." Sugar cane was prominent among the products of their plantations, particularly in Khūzestān Province.  Zanj also worked the salt mines of Mesopotamia, especially around Basra.Their jobs were to clear away the nitrous topsoil that made the land arable. The working conditions were also considered to be extremely harsh and miserable. Many other people were imported into the region, besides Zanj.

Historian M. A. Shaban has argued that rebellion was not a slave revolt, but a revolt of blacks (zanj). In his opinion, although a few runaway slaves did join the revolt, the majority of the participants were Arabs and free Zanj. If the revolt had been led by slaves, they would have lacked the necessary resources to combat the Abbasid government for as long as they did.

In Somalia, the Bantu minorities are descended from Bantu groups that had settled in Southeast Africa after the initial expansion from Nigeria/Cameroon. To meet the demand for menial labor, Bantus from southeastern Africa captured by Somali slave traders were sold in cumulatively large numbers over the centuries to customers in Somalia and other areas in Northeast Africa and Asia. People captured locally during wars and raids were also sometimes enslaved by Somalis mostly of Oromo and Nilotic origin. However, the perception, capture, treatment and duties of both groups of slaves differed markedly. From 1800 to 1890, between 25,000 and 50,000 Bantu slaves are thought to have been sold from the slave market of Zanzibar to the Somali coast. Most of the slaves were from the Majindo, Makua, Nyasa, Yao, Zalama, Zaramo and Zigua ethnic groups of Tanzania, Mozambique and Malawi. Collectively, these Bantu groups are known as Mushunguli, which is a term taken from Mzigula, the Zigua tribe's word for "people" (the word holds multiple implied meanings including "worker", "foreigner", and "slave").

During the second half of the 19th century and early 20th century, slaves shipped from Ethiopia had a high demand in the markets of the Arabian peninsula and elsewhere in the Middle East. They were mostly domestic servants, though some served as agricultural labourers, or as water carriers, herdsmen, seamen, camel drivers, porters, washerwomen, masons, shop assistants and cooks. The most fortunate of the men worked as the officials or bodyguards of the ruler and emirs, or as business managers for rich merchants. They enjoyed significant personal freedom and occasionally held slaves of their own. Besides European, Caucasian, Javanese and Chinese girls brought in from the Far East, "red" (non-black) Ethiopian young females were among the most valued concubines, some of whom became concubines of the elite and even mothers to rulers. The principal sources of these slaves, all of whom passed through Matamma, Massawa and Tadjoura on the Red Sea, were the southwestern parts of Ethiopia, in the Oromo and Sidama country. Both non-Muslims and Muslims in Southeast Asia during the end of the 19th century bought Japanese girls as slaves who were imported to the region by sea. However, the buying of Chinese girls in Singapore was forbidden for Muslims by a Batavia (Jakarta) based Arab Muslim Mufti, Usman bin Yahya in a fatwa because he ruled that in Islam it was illegal to buy free non-Muslims or marry non-Muslim slave girls during peace time from slave dealers and non-Muslims could only be enslaved and purchased during holy war (jihad).

A Chinese non-Muslim man had a female concubine who was of Muslim Arab Hadhrami Sayyid origin in Solo, the Dutch East Indies, in 1913 which was scandalous in the eyes of Ahmad Surkati and his Al-Irshad Al-Islamiya.

In Jeddah, Kingdom of Hejaz on the Arabian peninsula, the Arab king Ali bin Hussein, King of Hejaz had in his palace 20 Javanese girls from Java (modern day Indonesia).

European Indian Ocean slave trade
Slave trade also occurred in the eastern Indian Ocean before the Dutch settled there around 1600 but the volume of this trade is unknown. European slave trade in the Indian Ocean began when Portugal established Estado da Índia in the early 16th century. From then until the 1830s, c. 200 slaves were exported from Mozambique annually and similar figures has been estimated for slaves brought from Asia to the Philippines during the Iberian Union (1580–1640).

Japanese slave girls were still owned by India based Portuguese (Lusitanian) families according to Francisco De Sousa, a Jesuit who wrote about it in 1698, long after the 1636 edict by Tokguawa Japan had expelled Portuguese people.

The establishment of the Dutch East India Company in the early 17th century lead to a quick increase in volume of the slave trade in the region; there were perhaps up to  slaves in various Dutch colonies during the 17th and 18th centuries in the Indian Ocean. For example, some 4000 African slaves were used to build the Colombo fortress in Dutch Ceylon. Bali and neighbouring islands supplied regional networks with  slaves 1620–1830. Indian and Chinese slave traders supplied Dutch Indonesia with perhaps  slaves during 17th and 18th centuries.

The East India Company (EIC) was established during the same period and in 1622 one of its ships carried slaves from the Coromandel Coast to Dutch East Indies. The EIC mostly traded in African slaves but also some Asian slaves purchased from Indian, Indonesian and Chinese slave traders. The French established colonies on the islands of Réunion and Mauritius in 1721; by 1735 some 7,200 slaves populated the Mascarene Islands, a number which had reached  in 1807. The British captured the islands in 1810, however, and because the British had prohibited the slave trade in 1807 a system of clandestine slave trade developed to bring slaves to French planters on the islands; in all – slaves were exported to the Mascarane Islands from 1670 until 1848.

In all, Europeans traders exported – slaves within the Indian Ocean between 1500 and 1850 and almost that same amount were exported from the Indian Ocean to the Americas during the same period. The slave trade in the Indian Ocean was, nevertheless, very limited compared to  slaves exported across the Atlantic. Some 200,000 slaves were sent in the 19th century to European plantations in the Western Indian Ocean.

The Arab Sultanate of Zanzibar and Expansion of Slave Trade in East African Coast
The East African slave trade flourished greatly from the second half of the nineteenth century when Said bin Sultan, an Oman Sultan, made Zanzibar his capital and expanded international commercial activities and plantation economy in cloves and coconuts. During this period demands for slaves grew drastically. The slaves were needed for local use mainly to work in plantations in Zanzibar and for export. Sultan Seyyid (seyyid is an Arabic title for Lord) Said made deliberate efforts to "revive old Arab-caravan trade" with mainland Africa which became major source of slaves. Said bin Sultan took six main initiatives which facilitated growth and expansion of his commercial empire. He firstly introduced a new currency "Maria Theresa Dollar" to supplement the exiting "Spanish Crown" which simplified commercial activities. Secondly, he introduced a harmonized 5% import duty for any merchandises entering into his empire. He nevertheless abolished export duties. Thirdly, he took advantage of Zanzibar and Pemba fertile soil to establish plantation of coconut and cloves. Fourthly, he revitalised and extended the "old Arab-caravan trade" with mainland East Africa in search of slaves and ivory. In addition, he signed "commercial treaties with western capitalist countries such as the United States of America in 1833, with Great Britain in 1839 and France in 1844. Finally, he invited Asian communities which dealt with financial matters.

Geography and transportation
From the evidence of illustrated documents, and travellers' tales, it seems that people travelled on dhows or jalbas, Arab ships which were used as transport in the Red Sea. Crossing the Indian Ocean required better organisation and more resources than overland transport. Ships coming from Zanzibar made stops on Socotra or at Aden before heading to the Persian Gulf or to India. Slaves were sold as far away as India, or even China: there was a colony of Arab merchants in Canton. Serge Bilé cites a 12th-century text which tells us that most well-to-do families in Canton, China had black slaves. Although Chinese slave traders bought slaves (Seng Chi i.e. the Zanj) from Arab intermediaries and "stocked up" directly in coastal areas of present-day Somalia, the local Somalis—referred to as Baribah and Barbaroi (Berbers) by medieval Arab and ancient Greek geographers, respectively (see Periplus of the Erythraean Sea), and no strangers to capturing, owning and trading slaves themselves—were not among them.

One important commodity being transported by dhows to Somalia was slaves from other parts of East Africa. During the nineteenth century, the East African slave trade grew enormously due to demands by Arabs, Portuguese, and French. Slave traders and raiders moved throughout eastern and central Africa to meet this rising demand. The Bantus inhabiting Somalia are descended from Bantu groups that had settled in Southeast Africa after the initial expansion from Nigeria/Cameroon, and whose members were later captured and sold by traders. The Bantus are ethnically, physically, and culturally distinct from Somalis, and they have remained marginalized ever since their arrival in Somalia.

Towns and ports involved

See also
 Indian Ocean
 Indian Ocean trade
 Slavery in Africa

References

Bibliography

25th-century BC establishments
History of the Indian Ocean
slave
Slavery in India
Slavery in Iran
African slave trade
Slavery in Asia
Slavery in Oman

fr:Traite négrière dans le sud-ouest de l'océan Indien

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The IKF has today announced the information for the live streaming of matches for the upcoming World Games. All matches for the first 4 days (pool games and cross-over matches) will be broadcast on the official IKF YouTube channel and on the World Korfball site, which also includes a live text feed and up to date match statistics. The live streams are also available on the Korfball Australia site, through the National Team hub. The live stream broadcaster for the finals is yet to be announced, but will either be the IKF YouTube channel/World Korfball, the International World Games Association Channel, or possibly even the Olympic Channel, both of which have videos and news on all the sports included in the World Games, not just Korfball. These matches will be available through the Korfball Australia site too.
So far, only the pool match videos have been released, and the videos for the cross-over matches will be released once participants are known.
All pool match live streams are available on the match information pages, accessible through the National Team hub. Simply click on the relevant match, and the video will be front and centre. Videos will remain on these pages indefinitely, so if you happen to miss a match, they'll still be available later. Cross-over and finals matches will be added to their respective pages as soon as the videos are released. Australian matches can be found on the homepage, in the Matches block on the National Team hub, and the next match is available in the countdown at the bottom of every page on the entire site. All World Games matches (including the Australian games) can also be found further down the National Team page.
Australia's first match is against Belguim on the morning of the 22nd, unfortunately at 4:15 (ACST). However, the next two matches are at the more friendly time of 9:00 PM, on the 22nd (China) and 23rd (Netherlands). Make sure you tune in, these are sure to be well worth watching.


text:
ISO – International Organization of Standards
1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse
Geneva 20, 1211 Switzerland
41 22-7490111
Gas cylinders — Refillable welded steel cylinders containing materials for sub-atmospheric gas packaging (excluding acetylene) — Design, construction, testing, use and periodic inspection
Organization: ISO
ICS Code (Gas cylinders): 23.020.35
This document specifies minimum requirements for the material, design, construction, workmanship, examination and testing at manufacture of refillable welded steel cylinders for the sub-atmospheric pressure storage of liquefied and compressed gases. It only applies to the cylinders themselves, irrespective of the materials contained therein (e.g. adsorbents, media, materials and/or gases) and other related applications. The cylinders have a test pressure not greater than 42 bar and a water capacity from 0,5 l up to and including 12 l exposed to ambient temperatures for the purpose of facilitating the sub‑atmospheric pressure storage of liquefied and compressed gases as adsorbed gases.
Minimum requirements for inspection at the time of fill and periodic inspection and testing are also specified.
This document specifies minimum requirements for the material, design, construction, workmanship, examination and testing at manufacture of refillable welded steel cylinders for the sub-atmospheric...
This International Standard specifies minimum requirements for the material, design, construction, workmanship, examination and testing at manufacture of refillable welded steel cylinders for the...
ISO 10286 - Gas cylinders - Terminology
Published by ISO on July 1, 2015
This standard gives the terminology for ISO/TC 58 standards intended to be used under regulations for the transport of dangerous goods that are based on the UN Model Regulations. Variations from the...
ISO 11117 - Gas cylinders — Valve protection caps and guards — Design, construction and tests
Published by ISO on November 1, 2019
This document specifies the requirements for valve protection caps and valve guards used on cylinders for liquefied, dissolved or compressed gases. Valve protection caps and valve guards are some of...
ISO 13769 - Gas cylinders - Stamp marking
This document specifies stamp marking of transportable gas cylinders of volumes greater than 0,12 l and up to or equal to 150 l and tubes of volumes up to or equal to 3 000 l, including: — steel and...
ISO 15614-1 - Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding procedure test — Part 1: Arc and gas welding of steels and arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys AMENDMENT 1
ISO DIS 17636-1 - Non-destructive testing of welds — Radiographic testing — Part 1: X- and gamma-ray techniques with film
Published by ISO on April 16, 2021
This document specifies techniques of radiographic examination of fusion welded joints in metallic materials using industrial radiographic film techniques. This document applies to the joints of...
ICAO 9284 - Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air
Published by ICAO on January 1, 2021
SCOPE AND APPLICABILITY Parts of this Chapter are affected by State Variations AE 3, AE 8, BE 2, BE 4, BR 4, CA 6, CH 3, DE 1, DE 4, DK 2, FR 2, GH 3, HR 3, HR 4, HR 5, IN 1, IR 1, IT 1, IT 5, KH 1,...
49 CFR PART 171 - GENERAL INFORMATION, REGULATIONS, AND DEFINITIONS
Published by DOT on October 1, 2015
Applicability of Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR) to persons and functions. Federal hazardous materials transportation law (49 U.S.C. 5101 et seq.) directs the Secretary of Transportation to...


text:
Q: Change the sender email to the customer billing email in Woocommerce I need to change the order email sender to customer email.
The function change return the email is:
public function get_from_address() {
        $from_address = apply_filters( 'woocommerce_email_from_address', get_option( 'woocommerce_email_from_address' ), $this );
        return sanitize_email( $from_address );
    }

Does it exist a filter that I can get the sender email customer email? I need that provider from product receive the email from customer, so he can reply more easy.

A: Try to use the following:
// Change email sender name
add_filter( 'woocommerce_email_from_name', 'custom_email_from_name', 20, 2 );
function custom_email_from_name( $from_name, $wc_email ){
    // Get the WC_Order object instance
    $order = $wc_email->object;

    $from_name = $order->get_formatted_billing_full_name(); // Customer ful name

    return $from_name;
}

// Change email sender address
add_filter( 'woocommerce_email_from_address',  'custom_email_from_address', 20, 2 );
function custom_email_from_address( $from_email, $wc_email ){
    // Get the WC_Order object instance
    $order = $wc_email->object;

    $from_email = $order->get_billing_email(); // Customer billing email

    return $from_email;
}

Code goes in function.php file of your active child theme (or active theme). Tested and works.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


StellaMi Gioielli's Master Jewelery, Adriana Costa, formed in Europe, was one of the best and largest jewelers in Brazil.
The brand, created to bring even greater brilliance to people and their special moments, has a strong influence from the family and personal history of the three, rooted in one of the most beautiful countries in the world and has contributed so much to our formation.
United under the stars of the beach, our brand could not fail to reflect this: StellaMi Gioielli, translating our will to make every woman a star.
The purpose is to offer elegant, top quality jewelry, selected one by one and at the same time affordable. Jewels that offer the freedom and luxury of personalization, with the convenience and privacy of online shopping for a special audience that values details.
With regard to the shopping experience, the partners' years of dedication to virtual solutions have allowed us to create an easy-to-use environment with innovative features that create a great shopping experience for discerning, creative and modern customers.


Vibratory finishing is a versatile process that is used in many industries globally for radiusing, brightening, deburring, fine finishing, cleaning, burnishing, and descaling of components. This state-of-the-art paper will discuss how vibratory finishing has evolved into what it is today and the advancements in technology. The development of mass finishing, the importance of vibratory finishing in aviation industry, the parameters involved in this process, and the patent landscape of the advancements in vibratory finishing will be elucidated. More importantly, the paper will dwell into attempts made to understand the science behind this arcane process. Empirical investigations, model developments, bulk and granular impact velocity studies, vibrostrengthening, and Almen strip characterization are the research efforts that will be discussed in particular. This work has identified gaps in the vibratory finishing process, some of them being media flow measurement and the need for a monitoring system to determine the frequency losses from motor vibrations to the media vibrations. Methods for calculating the frequency and amplitude of machine vibrations, the impact velocity of media, and the force of media striking the workpiece are still under research. Literature points out that more work can be done in terms of the quantification of process parameters, the relationship between them, and the effect they have on the surface finish. The industry is on the lookout for shorter cycle times with improved surface finishing quality, and thus various technological advancements in vibratory finishing, namely drag and spindle finishing, have come into existence. To the knowledge of the authors, there has been no comprehensive review work done on vibratory finishing. This paper attempts to serve the purpose of being a one-stop academic and industrial reference for scientific communities and professionals working in this field. The paper further endeavors to serve as a means to initiate the development of a next generation vibratory finishing system with real-time monitoring and surface finish measurements.
© 2015 Springer-Verlag London Limited. This is the author created version of a work that has been peer reviewed and accepted for publication by The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Springer-Verlag London Limited. It incorporates referee's comments but changes resulting from the publishing process, such as copyediting, structural formatting, may not be reflected in this document. The published version is available at: [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-7942-0].


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If you cancel or change your plans, please do so by 4pm day of arrival (local time) to avoid penalty of 1 Nights Room Charge.
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Forestry operations at St Audries
Updated 4th September 2020
St Audries is a working woodland producing sustainable timber. We are working here until early 2021. This page provides more information about the work we're doing.
Sections of the wood where the trees have grown very dense will be thinned. By removing selected trees in these areas, the ones left behind will have more space to grow to their potential. Thinning also lets more light onto the forest floor, which improves the habitat for ground flora and the wildlife it supports.
Some of the conifer trees at St Audries have reached maturity. These areas will be clear felled to remove all the trees at once. Some dead trees will be left standing to provide habitat for invertebrates and bats, and perches for birds of prey. Small branches and broken pieces will be used to build 'brash mats' which protect the ground from the heavy harvesting machinery. Some of these areas will be allowed to rest before we replant them. Others will be kept open to create new habitat.
All of the felled trees will provide sustainably produced timber to UK timber mills.
Can I still visit St Audries?
The most important thing for Forestry England is to keep the public, our staff, and contractors safe. We have closed most of the public access through St Audries, including the West Somerset Coast Path, Quantock Greenway, and Coleridge Way. While we're working here, we recommend visiting nearby Great Wood instead, which has plenty of parking and beautiful walks.
Forestry work is very hazardous. A falling tree can weigh several tonnes and hit the ground at nearly 60mph. If a harvesting machine chainsaw snaps, it can fly through the forest like a bullet.
What about the wildlife?
Well managed forests support more wildlife, and harvesting trees is an important part of a sustainable forest lifecycle. Before we start any forestry work, we carry out thorough ecological surveys to check for species such as birds, mammals, rodents, invertebrates, flora, and fungi. For example, St Audries is home to birds of prey and reptiles. We tailor the way we work in this woodland to ensure valuable habitats are protected.
We consider the findings from our ecological surveys against complex factors including tree health, how the ground slopes, soil condition, and likely rainfall when planning work that will support our long-term management plan. While working, we continue to check for wildlife and adapt our work accordingly.
You can read our full management plan for St Audries in the Quantocks Forest Plan.


text:
Liverpool vs Newcastle United Preview and Line Up Prediction: Liverpool to Win 2-1 at 8/1
Liverpool and Newcastle United will play their next game of the Premier League season at Anfield on Saturday, 23rd April. Match Preview: The teams last played in December 2015 and Newcastle United won the game 2 – 0. Before that they played in April 2015 and Liverpool won the game 2 – 0. Liverpool is
Sails of Gold Slot Provides a New World Adventure
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Objective: to improve the student's reading literacy and ability to understand text, ability to reflect, critical thinking and empathy. It also aims at developing key competencies and transversal skills (critical thinking, taking initiatives, solving problems, participating in collective work ...) that enable students to critically observe and decode the cultural, social use of languages; cultivating reading culture by creating a readily motivating environment that improves personal reading quality. Enhancement of communication skills, interpretation, analysis and evaluation skills.
Ss are divided in 6 groups.
They are given handouts with 6 jumbled paragraphs of the summary to put them in chronological order.
In the last two paragraphs the names of the main characters, Hazel and Augustus, have been deleted so the Ss will have to finish the story as they see it, filling the gapfills with the names.
Once when they have the paragraphs ordered and the plot with their ending ready, they will have to imagine the dialogue between the characters for each of the paragraphs.
They are given the quotes reffering to different characters.
Hazel Grace Lancaster is trying to live the normal life of a 16-year-old girl, but she is also struggling with what it will be like for her parents after she dies. While Hazel attends a church support group for cancer survivors, she meets a boy that is one year older than her, Augustus Waters. While Augustus had a type of cancer that causes him to lose his leg and wear a prosthetic, it also has a survival rate that is much higher than Hazel's death sentence.
From the first day that Hazel meets Augustus, the two are practically inseparable. Augustus has been in remission after losing his leg some years ago, so Hazel hesitates in starting a relationship with him, not wanting to hurt him if her illness takes another turn for the worse The basis of their relationship ends up being Hazel's favorite book, " An Imperial Affliction". She requires Augustus to read it and in turn, he requires her to read the book that is the basis of his favorite video game.
Hazel relates to the character in her favorite book, Anna, because Anna has a rare blood cancer. Augustus and Hazel bond over the book because both of them of a burning desire to find out how the story ends because the author stops the book before providing conclusion on what happens to each of the characters.
Augustus joins Hazel's pursuit of the book's author, Peter Van Houten, to provide the answers that they need. Augustus even uses a wish foundation to fly him and Hazel to Amsterdam, where the author lives, to talk with him in person. They are able to take this trip, but when they arrive to meet the author he is drunk and surly.
While ___________ is the one that is doomed to die, __________ ends up telling ____________ that at the recent scan, the doctors discovered that ______ (her/his) entire body is filled with cancer. _______ spends the last months of ________'s life caring for ______(her/him) and loving _____(him/her).
The author attends _________'s funeral and tries to apologize to ___________; he reveals that his book, which is about a young girl with cancer, was based on his daughter who died of leukemia . ___________copes with ____________'s death, comforting ________ (himself/herself) with the strength of ______ (her/his) family and a letter about ______ (him/her) that _________ sent to the author before _______(her/his) death.
Students independently demonstrate and fully substantiate their attitudes and results in the course of their work.
Practices that support and encourage students' choice, opinion and attitude. The idea and the choice are personal and there is no mistake, and the positive understanding of thinking and thinking affects the students' confidence and lose previous reading resistance and gradually gain readership competence.
General grammar school programme: The aim of the curriculum for the study of literature and the areas of civic education is related to the reading and understanding of more literary texts on interpersonal relationships and differences between healthy and severely ill people.
Pupils should independently discern, isolate, explain, demonstrate the features of the text offered and argue their outlook on the influence of culture, family and society on the development of the personality of a young man suffering from terminal illness and his rights to daily life of a young person regardless of illness.
Autonomously access text from different perspectives.
Learn to initiate a discussion and ask questions.
Develop ease and readiness of reading.
Enhance the understanding of reading comprehension.
Organize and suspend different types of information.
Observe, counteract, distinguish, and comment on the similarities and differences in appearance in the text.
Develop the prediction skills and ability to imagine possible situational solutions.
Develop and enrich Communication Skills.
Learn to work effectively, independently and equally in the group.
Establish links between the world in text and real life or personal experiences.
Be able to visualize, combine, intervene in material.
Follow the instructions and tasks to be able to evaluate the results.
Evaluate evidence and arguments, support and justify choices.
a conscious grasp of life's realities and everyday faces with hard-sick young people, developed empathy and a better understanding of themselves and the world around them.
Choosing a method of teaching and a suitable text affect the increase of the student's interest in reading, studying the interpretation.
Independence in work, effective co-operation, involvement in discussion and appraisal encourage interests and develop analytical and synthetic skills.
The volume of texts can be tailored to the opportunities and interests of the group as needed, according to the RSP readership profile.
The more active approach and the smaller text fragments offer a more interesting, dynamic way of reading and studying a literary work.