text:
Karbala: Flag of Imam Hossein's Holy Shrine
Japan's Abe to meet Iran's president to discuss easing tension in region
Rift gets widen among Saudi-led coalition forces
Saudi Najran hit by Yemeni resistance forces
News ID: 9599
Asia » Asia
Publish Date: 9:29 - 14 May 2017
S Korea, US: Pyongyang test-launched unidentified projectile
TEHRAN, May 14, YJC - North Korea has fired an "unidentified projectile," which is thought to be a ballistic missile, says South Korea's Joint Chiefs of Staff.
TEHRAN, Young Journalists Club (YJC) -"North Korea launched a ballistic missile at 5:27 am this morning in Pyongan Province," said the South Korea's Joint Chiefs of Staff.
It added that analysis is currently being carried out on the projectile which flew for around 700 kilometers.
Following the launch, Yoshihide Suga, Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary, stressed that it was a violation of UN resolutions and that Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe had severely condemned it. "North Korea's repeated missile launches are a grave threat to our country and a clear violation of UN resolutions," said Abe.
Japan's Defense Minister Tomomi Inada said that the projectile may be a new type of missile, which reached an altitude of more than 2,000 kilometers before falling in the Sea of Japan.
The US Pacific Command has also confirmed that Pyongyang has carried out another missile launch. "US Pacific Command detected and tracked a North Korean missile launch," said an official statement, adding that the tested missile has still not been determined.
Newly elected South Korean President Moon Jae-In also condemned the launch as a "reckless provocation." "The president... expressed deep regret over the North's reckless provocation staged only days after the beginning of the new administration in the South," said spokesman.
Tensions have been on the rise on the Korean Peninsula over the past weeks.
Unsettled by North Korean missile and military nuclear programs, the United States has adopted a war-like posture, sending a strike group and conducting joint military drills with North Korea's regional adversaries Japan and South Korea.
Pyongyang defends its missile and nuclear programs as a means of protecting the country from US hostility.
In addition to a naval strike group, which includes the large USS Carl Vinson aircraft carrier, Washington deployed two supersonic bombers over the peninsula during a joint exercise with South Korea's air force on Monday. The USS Michigan nuclear submarine joined the strike group earlier this week.
In April, the US also deployed a THAAD missile system in South Korea rising tensions over North Korea's ballistic and nuclear tests.
South Korea's President Moon says war with North highly possible
North Korea ، unidentified projectile ، Pyongyang ، US


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Product Evaluation Rooms (7). Each room has completely washable surfaces and is equipped with a sink, mirror, counter, toilet, appliance outlet, washer and dryer.
Commercial Kitchen (38' x 22'). Fully-equipped with 90 cu.ft. of refrigeration/freezer space, four gas ovens, six electric ovens, commercial fryer, abundant counter space and more.
Multi-Purpose Room (38' x 22'). A totally flexible space, with seating for up to 50 classroom style.
Focus Group Suite. Tiered client viewing for 15 and focus group seating for 12.


Have you ever wanted to completely disappear from the face of the planet? Walk out on your life, your family, your friends, everything and everyone you've ever known and just... vanish?
While i have fantasized about the prospects of completely disappearing from the world - I really don't think its something i would actively want to do. But writer Evan Ratliff decided to do just that. In a social experiment to see how possible it really is to disappear from the world in the age of Social Media and technology, Ratliff and Wired (The online magazine where he works) decided that Ratliff would attempt to disappear for an entire month - and the hunt would be openly announced on Wired's website - with a prize of $5,000 USD to anyone who could find him, snap a picture, and say the keyword.
Thirty days later and the deed has been done. You can read the entire story in a very interesting (and oddly humorous) article on Wired's blog.


If the problems in your life are stopping you from functioning well or feeling good, professional help can make a big difference. And if you're having trouble, know that you are not alone: One in four adults in this country have a mental health problem in any given year.
If you or someone you know is feeling especially bad or suicidal, get help right away. You can call 1-800-273-TALK (8255) to reach a 24-hour crisis center or dial 911 for immediate assistance.
Of course, you don't have to be in crisis to seek help. Why wait until you're really suffering? Even if you're not sure that you'd benefit from help, it can't hurt to explore the possibility.
Most people who seek help feel better. For example, more than 80 percent of people treated for depression improve. Treatment for panic disorders has up to a 90 percent success rate.
Treatment for a mental health issue can include medication and psychotherapy. In some cases, the two work well together.
What, exactly, is psychotherapy? It's a general term that means talking about your problems with a mental health professional. It can take lots of forms, including individual, group, couples and family sessions. Often, people see their therapists once a week for 50 minutes. Depending on your situation, treatment can be fairly short or longer-term.
Some people worry that getting help is a sign of weakness. If you do, consider that it can be a sign of great strength to take steps toward getting your life back on track.
Get names of mental health professionals from your doctor, friends, clergy or local Mental Health America affiliate. If your workplace has an employee assistance program, it also can provide help. For more ways to find professionals, see Mental Health America's How to Find Treatment FAQ.
Interview more than one professional before choosing, if possible. You'll want to feel comfortable with the person.
You can see a psychologist, psychiatrist, social worker, pastoral counselor or other type of mental health professional. Of these, only a psychiatrist can prescribe medication.
Sometimes, your health insurance company will cover only certain types of providers, so check how your plan works.
If you've never been to a mental health care provider, it can feel a little daunting. Knowing what to expect and following a few suggestions can make it easier.
What experience do you have treating my issues?
Do you have a particular approach, expertise or training?
Do you work with my insurance plan?
When you call, you may get an answering machine or service. Leave times the provider can reach you and whether or not it's OK to leave a message on your answering machine or with the person who answers your phone.
Think about what traits you'd like in your provider. If you're going to be talking to someone about your most personal problems, you want to feel comfortable. Consider if you'd prefer to see a man or woman, if you care whether the person is older or younger, or if there are any other traits that matter to you.
During the first visit, you should expect that the therapist will ask questions about your background and why you're seeking help. You can ask questions, too, like what treatment would involve and how long it might last. If you're concerned, you can also ask about confidentiality. Usually, though, it's understood that the provider respects your privacy—and that group members do too, if you're meeting in a group.
Tell your provider your goals for treatment. Think about whether there are certain behaviors or issues you care about most.
Keep an open mind. Be willing to consider new ways of behaving and thinking that might improve the quality of your life.
Recognize that talking about personal issues can be tough, but it can help you overcome them. In time, treatment should help you develop more coping skills, stronger relationships and a better sense of yourself.
If you think you're not making progress, you should tell your provider. A good provider will want to work with you so you can get the most out of your sessions. If, after discussing your concerns, you're still not comfortable, you might consider looking for another provider.
Be honest. Your provider can't really help you if you don't share the whole picture. Don't say you're fine if you're not.
Share any concerns about your overall health. It makes sense that you should work with your provider on overall health issues because your mental health and overall health are so closely related.
Some people with mental health issues find medications very helpful. Still, medications may cause side effects that can be annoying or sometimes even dangerous. You may want to weigh the pros and cons of a particular drug with your provider. You might also decide that you'll try medication for a while and then re-evaluate.
If you decide to take medication, you may have to wait a few weeks before you start feeling better. Your provider will want to know how you're doing and may suggest a different medication if the first one doesn't work well. It can be dangerous to stop taking a medication suddenly, so always talk to your doctor first.
What is this medication supposed to do?
How soon should I expect to feel better?
Do I need to avoid certain foods, drinks or other medications?
Do I take it with food or on an empty stomach?
What can I do if I get side effects?
If you have insurance, find out if it covers mental health services and the extent of the coverage, including limits on the number of visits allowed. To qualify for coverage, you might also be required to take certain steps, such as getting a referral from your primary care doctor.
If you have Medicaid or Medicare, the Medicare Participating Physician Directory can help you find a provider who accepts Medicare. Your state Medicaid office, which you can find using the map on the National Association of State Medicaid Directors website, may be able to help you locate a provider who accepts Medicaid.
If you have no coverage, you can ask your community mental health center about lower-cost services. In many states you can dial 2-1-1 to find a community mental health center. You can also contact your local Mental Health America affiliate or Mental Health America's national resource center.
If you want more information, see MHA FAQs on affordable treatment and paying for prescriptions.
You'll find more a lot more information through Mental Health America's Frequently Asked Questions. You can also contact your local Mental Health America affiliate.
For descriptions of treatment options, visit the National Institute of Mental Health's page on types of therapy.
Reviewed by Ruth Montag, MSW, director, Mental Health America Resource Center.
These proven tools can help you feel stronger and more hopeful. Check out each page for specific, easy-to-follow tips.


We satisfaction ourselves on our massive number of compact and DSLR cameras from the world's leading brands, including the most recent models from Nikon, Canon, Fujifilm, Lumix, Olympus, and more. Conventional cameras capture light onto photographic plate or photographic movie Video and digital cameras use an electronic image sensor , usually a charge coupled machine (CCD) or a CMOS sensor to seize photographs which can be transferred or saved in a memory card or other storage contained in the camera for later playback or processing.
Back in the outdated days, the principle function of a camera is solely to take footage (black and white then), which takes nearly 5 seconds for the flash to kick in. It's a must to wait until the images are printed just to see what you seem like in the picture.


text:
Substance Abuse Treatment in Los Angeles County, CA
Methadone Clinics
Suboxone Clinics
All Addiction Treatment
Drug Rehab for Men
Drug Rehab for Women
Alcohol Rehab for Men
Alcohol Rehab for Women
Teen Drug and Alcohol Rehab
Luxury Detox
Luxury Alcohol Rehab
Luxury Drug Rehab
Holistic Rehab
One Year Drug Rehab
90 Day Drug Rehab
Long Term Drug Rehab
Long Term Alcohol Rehab
Short Term Drug Rehab
By Drug
Heroin Addiction Treatment
Meth Addiction Treatment
Marijuana Addiction Treatment
Kratom Addiction Treatment
Ativan Addiction Treatment
Codeine Addiction Treatment
Tramadol Addiction Treatment
Benzodiazepine Addiction Treatment
Fentanyl Addiction Treatment
Xanax Addiction Treatment
Adderall Addiction Treatment
OxyCodone Addiction Treatment
Polysubstance Abuse Treatment
Our Selection Criteria
Substance Abuse Treatment in California
Substance Abuse Treatment Centers in Los Angeles County, CA
We found the following listings for substance abuse treatment in Los Angeles County, CA. As a completely unbiased addiction resource, we chose these addiction treatment centers based on our 4-point selection criteria. Los Angeles County substance abuse treatment centers may include multiple services, including detox and medication assisted treatment. Rehab centers Los Angeles County can be luxury, inpatient, outpatient or partial hospitalization.
Are you or your loved one struggling with addiction?
Call (888) 433-4419 to speak to an addiction counselor. Discuss the best substance abuse treatment options. 100% free service.
Clare Outpatient
Clare Outpatient is a substance abuse treatment center in Los Angeles County, California that is situated in the 90401 zip code, at 1334 Lincoln Boulevard.
Types of Care:
Service Settings:
outpatient methadone/buprenorphine or naltrexone treatment
outpatient detoxification
intensive outpatient treatment services
License/Certification/Accreditation:
Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities
State substance abuse agency
Special Programs/ Population Groups Supported:
co-occurring mental health and addiction treatment sufferers
domestic violence victims
young adults over 18
Gender Accepted:
Volunteers Of America Central City Recovery
Volunteers Of America Central City Recovery is a rehab center in Los Angeles County, California which is located in the 90021 zip code, at 515 East 6th Street, 9th Floor.
residential addiction treatment
short-term residential treatment
HIV/AIDS clients
people with trauma
Additional Spoken Languages:
Restore Health And Wellness Center Llc
Restore Health And Wellness Center Llc is an addiction treatment center in Los Angeles County, CA that is situated in the 91311 zip code, at 10821 Baile Avenue.
inpatient detox
sober living housing
30 day rehab
residential detoxification
long term residential rehab
long term rehab
people with dual diagnosis treatment
Prototypes Womens Center
Prototypes Womens Center is a rehab center in Los Angeles County, California that is situated in the 91767 zip code, at 845 East Arrow Highway.
treatment for both mental health and substance abuse
30 and 60 day rehab programs
residential long term rehab
State department of health
pregnant and postpartum women
people with substance use and mental health disorders
judicial clients
San Fernando Recovery Center
San Fernando Recovery Center is a rehab facility in Los Angeles County, CA which is located in the 91340 zip code, at 762 Griswold Avenue.
long-term rehab
El Dorado Community Service Center
El Dorado Community Service Center is a rehab center in Los Angeles County, CA which is located in the 90660 zip code, at 5200 San Gabriel Place, Suites B And C.
outpatient detox services
regular outpatient treatment
Council on Accreditation
people with HIV or AIDS
postpartum women
Iris Healing Retreat
Iris Healing Retreat is a substance abuse treatment facility in Los Angeles County, California which is situated in the 91367 zip code, at 23033 Ostronic Drive.
treatment for co-occurring serious mental health and substance use disorders
individuals with co-occurring substance abuse and pain treatment
Cambodian Association Of America
Cambodian Association Of America is a substance abuse treatment facility in Los Angeles County, California that is situated in the 90806 zip code, at 2501 Atlantic Avenue.
65+ adults
Aegis Treatment Centers Llc
Aegis Treatment Centers Llc is a rehab center in Los Angeles County, California that is located in the 91791 zip code, at 1825 East Thelborn Street.
18+ young adults
Dedicato Treatment Center
Dedicato Treatment Center is an addiction treatment facility in Los Angeles County, CA which is situated in the 91024 zip code, at 22 West Carter Avenue.
short term rehab
residential rehab
Other Addictions Treatment:
gambling disorder treatment
People Coord Services Of Southern Ca Castle Subst Abuse Program/residential
People Coord Services Of Southern Ca Castle Subst Abuse Program/residential is a substance abuse treatment center in Los Angeles County, California which is located in the 90019 zip code, at 1319 South Manhattan Place.
Ridgeview Ranch
Ridgeview Ranch is a drug and alcohol rehab facility in Los Angeles County, CA which is situated in the 91001 zip code, at 3085 Ridgeview Drive.
treatment for non-substance use addiction disorder
Tavarua Health Services
Tavarua Health Services is a substance abuse treatment facility in Los Angeles County, CA that is located in the 90660 zip code, at 8207 Whittier Boulevard.
Salvation Army Bell Shelter/wellness Center
Salvation Army Bell Shelter/wellness Center is a drug and alcohol rehab center in Los Angeles County, CA which is located in the 90201 zip code, at 5600 Rickenbacker Road, Building 2, Suite 2-ab.
treatment for substance abuse and mental health disorders
treatment for gambling disorder
Didi Hirsch Mental Health Services Via Avanta
Didi Hirsch Mental Health Services Via Avanta is an addiction treatment center in Los Angeles County, California which is located in the 91331 zip code, at 11643 Glenoaks Boulevard.
residential long term treatment
Latino Family Alcohol And Drug Services Center
Latino Family Alcohol And Drug Services Center is a substance abuse treatment center in Los Angeles County, CA that is located in the 90640 zip code, at 3316 West Beverly Boulevard.
intensive outpatient treatment program
LGBT clients
transitional-age young adults
Sea Change Santa Monica Residential Substance Abuse
Sea Change Santa Monica Residential Substance Abuse is a substance abuse treatment facility in Los Angeles County, CA that is situated in the 90405 zip code, at 2205 Hill Street.
Revive Detox Center Of Los Angeles
Revive Detox Center Of Los Angeles is a drug and alcohol rehab center in Los Angeles County, CA that is situated in the 90036 zip code, at 360 North Vista Street.
New Hope Drug And Alcohol Treatment Program
New Hope Drug And Alcohol Treatment Program is a drug and alcohol rehab center in Los Angeles County, California which is located in the 90047 zip code, at 1841 West Imperial Highway.
outpatient day treatment
teens under 18
Va Greater La Healthcare System Otp Treatment/maintenance
Va Greater La Healthcare System Otp Treatment/maintenance is a rehab facility in Los Angeles County, California which is located in the 91343 zip code, at 16111 Plummer Street.
Thelma Mcmillen Center
Thelma Mcmillen Center is a substance abuse treatment center in Los Angeles County, CA that is situated in the 90505 zip code, at 3333 Skypark Drive, Suite 200.
Hospital licensing authority
County Of Los Angeles Primary Care Adult West
County Of Los Angeles Primary Care Adult West is a substance abuse treatment facility in Los Angeles County, CA that is located in the 90033 zip code, at 2010 Zonal Avenue, Opd 4p41, Rooms 1-34.
inpatient hospital addiction treatment
inpatient hospital treatment
American Indian Changing Spirits
American Indian Changing Spirits is a drug and alcohol rehab center in Los Angeles County, CA which is situated in the 90810 zip code, at 2120 West Williams Street, Building 1.
long-term residential treatment
Gooden Center
Gooden Center is a rehab facility in Los Angeles County, California that is situated in the 91101 zip code, at 191 North El Molino Avenue.
dual diagnosis disorder treatment
State mental health department
Tarzana Treatment Centers Inc Long Beach
Tarzana Treatment Centers Inc Long Beach is an addiction treatment facility in Los Angeles County, California that is located in the 90806 zip code, at 5190 Atlantic Avenue.
Tarzana Treatment Centers Inc
Tarzana Treatment Centers Inc is a rehab center in Los Angeles County, CA that is located in the 91356 zip code, at 18700 Oxnard Street.
Change Lanes Youth Support Services
Change Lanes Youth Support Services is an addiction treatment facility in Los Angeles County, California that is located in the 93534 zip code, at 45118 13th Street West.
Alt Recovery Group 2
Alt Recovery Group 2 is a drug and alcohol rehab facility in Los Angeles County, California which is situated in the 91311 zip code, at 20946 Devonshire Street, Suite 100.
San Fernando Valley Comm Mh Clinic Cornerstone
San Fernando Valley Comm Mh Clinic Cornerstone is a drug and alcohol rehab facility in Los Angeles County, California that is situated in the 91411 zip code, at 5950 Cedros Street.
internet use disorder treatment
general addiction disorder treatment
310 Recovery Inc
310 Recovery Inc is a drug and alcohol rehab facility in Los Angeles County, California which is situated in the 90019 zip code, at 1741 And 1741 1/2 Hauser Boulevard, 1743 And 1743 1/2 Hauser Boulevard.
Shields For Families Ark
Shields For Families Ark is an addiction treatment facility in Los Angeles County, California that is located in the 90262 zip code, at 11705 Deputy Yamamoto Place.
National Council On Alcohol And Drug Dep Esg And Pv
National Council On Alcohol And Drug Dep Esg And Pv is an addiction treatment facility in Los Angeles County, CA which is situated in the 91768 zip code, at 656 North Park Avenue.
Women And Children First: Pregnant And Post Partum Women
Women And Children First: Pregnant And Post Partum Women is a drug and alcohol rehab center in Los Angeles County, CA that is situated in the 90405 zip code, at 1023-1031 Pico Boulevard.
Aegis Treatment Centers Llc is a substance abuse treatment facility in Los Angeles County, CA which is situated in the 90301 zip code, at 614 West Manchester Boulevard, Suite 104.
Social Model Recovery Systems Bimini
Social Model Recovery Systems Bimini is a substance abuse treatment facility in Los Angeles County, California which is located in the 90004 zip code, at 155 South Bimini Place.
Aegis Treatment Centers Llc is an addiction treatment center in Los Angeles County, California that is located in the 90638 zip code, at 14240 East Imperial Highway.
Union Rescue Mission Christian Life Discipleship Program
Union Rescue Mission Christian Life Discipleship Program is a drug and alcohol rehab center in Los Angeles County, California which is situated in the 90013 zip code, at 545 South San Pedro Street.
seniors and older adults
treatment for internet use disorder
Lake Treatment Center
Lake Treatment Center is a drug and alcohol rehab center in Los Angeles County, California that is located in the 91316 zip code, at 17801 Twilight Lane.
A New Start Treatment And Recovery Center Llc Muse Treatment
A New Start Treatment And Recovery Center Llc Muse Treatment is a drug and alcohol rehab facility in Los Angeles County, California that is located in the 90232 zip code, at 4111 Milton Avenue, 4113, 4115 And 4117 Milton Avenue.
Family United N New Beginnings
Family United N New Beginnings is a substance abuse treatment center in Los Angeles County, California which is located in the 90250 zip code, at 11616 Hawthorne Boulevard, Suite 202.
children / teenagers
Pax House
Pax House is a substance abuse treatment facility in Los Angeles County, CA that is located in the 91001 zip code, at 2052 North Lake Avenue, Suite F.
Social Model Recovery Systems Royal Palms
Social Model Recovery Systems Royal Palms is a rehab facility in Los Angeles County, California which is located in the 90057 zip code, at 360 South Westlake Avenue.
Behavioral Health Services Joint Efforts
Behavioral Health Services Joint Efforts is an addiction treatment center in Los Angeles County, CA that is situated in the 90731 zip code, at 590 West 8th Street.
West County Medical Clinic
West County Medical Clinic is a drug and alcohol rehab center in Los Angeles County, CA that is situated in the 90805 zip code, at 100 East Market Street.
Tarzana Treatment Centers Inc is a rehab center in Los Angeles County, CA that is situated in the 93534 zip code, at 44447 North 10th Street West , Building C.
sober living home
Beacon House Association Of San Pedro Mcmillen House
Beacon House Association Of San Pedro Mcmillen House is a rehab center in Los Angeles County, California that is situated in the 90731 zip code, at 1012 South Palos Verdes Street.
Little House Inc
Little House Inc is a substance abuse treatment facility in Los Angeles County, California that is located in the 90706 zip code, at 9718 Harvard Street.
Rise Luxury Rehab Llc
Rise Luxury Rehab Llc is a drug and alcohol rehab center in Los Angeles County, California that is situated in the 90265 zip code, at 27551 Pacific Coast Highway.
Mela Counseling Services Center Inc
Mela Counseling Services Center Inc is an addiction treatment center in Los Angeles County, CA which is situated in the 90022 zip code, at 5723 Whittier Boulevard.
Clearview Treatment Programs
Clearview Treatment Programs is a drug and alcohol rehab facility in Los Angeles County, California that is located in the 90291 zip code, at 2432 Walnut Avenue.
Substance Abuse Treatment Near Los Angeles County, CA
Substance Abuse Treatment in Fontana, CA
Substance Abuse Treatment in Petaluma, CA
Substance Abuse Treatment in Norco, CA
Substance Abuse Treatment in Santa Ana, CA
Substance Abuse Treatment in San Rafael, CA
Substance Abuse Treatment in Camp Pendleton, CA
Substance Abuse Treatment in Topanga, CA
Substance Abuse Treatment in Aliso Viejo, CA
Substance Abuse Treatment in Copperopolis, CA
Substance Abuse Treatment in Tuolumne, CA
Other Substance Abuse Treatment in Los Angeles County
Drug Detox in Los Angeles County, CA
Methadone Clinics in Los Angeles County, CA
Alcohol Detox in Los Angeles County, CA
Suboxone Clinics in Los Angeles County, CA
Dual Diagnosis Treatment Centers in Los Angeles County, CA
Sober Living in Los Angeles County, CA
Talk to an addiction specialist 24/7. 100% free service.
Addiction treatment centers in Los Angeles County, CA and nearby. Locate substance abuse treatment facilities in Los Angeles, CA for alcohol and drug use disorder or addiction.
RecoveryInn.org is a free service to assist users in connecting with substance abuse treatment facilities. RecoveryInn.org is not a substance abuse treatment facility nor a referral service. It is not a replacement for going to a treatment facility. We do not provide medical advice and none of our content should be relied upon for medical diagnosis or treatment. RecoveryInn.org does not endorse or recommend any participating Third Party Drug Treatment Facilities that pay to participate in this advertising. Calls to our general hotline may be answered by our treatment providers.
Where do calls go? Calls to our general hotline may be answered by California Rehab Campus, Day Light Recovery Florida, US Addiction Services, Recovery Helpline, or other treatment providers.
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text:
House panel approves measure on anesthesia training
TALLAHASSEE -- A measure pushed by doctors that would let them hire assistants to administer anesthesia was approved in a House committee Tuesday over the strident objections of nurses who say allowing a new group to put patients to sleep may be dangerous.
Nurse anesthetists, who are registered nurses and currently allowed to provide anesthesia under certain circumstances, say the assistants don't have enough training and pose a risk to patients.
But anesthesia doctors and anesthesiology assistants -- who are allowed to practice on some level in 12 other states -- say the measure doesn't threaten safety because of a provision requiring doctors to be nearby when assistants are used.
They also argue the training assistants get is adequate, noting it comes from two nationally respected medical schools.
The turf war between nurse anesthetists and anesthesia assistants, who are currently barred from practicing by Florida, has turned into one of the most heavily lobbied issues in the Legislature. The bill allowing the assistants to practice (HB 1381) survived a close 12-7 vote in the House Health Care Committee and has one more stop before the full House could consider it.
Anesthesiologists -- who are doctors -- are in favor of the measure.
"If the physicians want to create an additional group . they should be allowed to, as long as it's safe," said the bill's sponsor, Rep. Joe Negron, R-Stuart. "And I believe it is safe. . They are going to provide a valuable service."
Anesthesia assistants say nurses are simply trying to protect their turf, not wanting to give up work to a new group of professionals.
But nurse anesthetists testified that much more is at stake, portraying the issue as one of patient safety. They say they have experience anesthesia assistants aren't required to have.
"Before I went to nurse anesthesia school, I had 16 years of critical care experience. I don't think that compares to 28 months" that anesthesia assistants spend in school, said Debra Diaz-Reilly, a certified registered nurse anesthetist at Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami. "I do not believe we're interchangeable."
But anesthesiologists and anesthesia assistants say they can perform similar duties and the new group could help address a nursing shortage.
"We are grossly understaffed," said Sonya Pease, an anesthesiologist at St. Mary's Hospital in West Palm Beach. "I hope we can get anesthesia assistants licensed in Florida because I desperately need help." Several lawmakers questioned how allowing the assistants could help with any shortage, noting that only two medical schools in the whole country train them -- Emory University in Atlanta and Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland.
At least three Florida medical schools -- the University of Miami, Nova Southeastern and the University of Florida -- have expressed interest in starting a program, however, if the bill becomes law.
The measure is supported by the Florida Medical Association, but opposed by nurses' professional groups.


It ain't easy to be successful! As I've said many times, if it were, everybody is going to be doing it. And here I'm talking about the business of running your own international trading group.
The first US gold rush started during 1803 and by 1850 one person called Edward H. Hargraves predicted they may find Australia and discovers the metal in New south wales within 7 days. Gold was discovered in South Africa around 1886.
ServiceNation is really a campaign to inspire whole new era of voluntary citizen service in America, an America where citizens unite and be responsible for the country's future. ServiceNation is a good America focused upon shared sacrifice in quest for America's boldest promise, liberty and justice for a lot of.
According to Japan's Finance Ministry, for that first 50 % of fiscal 2012 through September, Japan saw trade deficit surging fifth thererrrs 89. 1 percent from per year earlier to three.22 trillion yen (41 billion Oughout.S. dollars), marking the worst deficit since records began in nineteen seventy nine.
Marc Nuttle is skilled in https://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/2122546/china-simply-takes-leaf-out-us-book and economic policy. He has worked for the U.S. government under President Ronald Reagan's administration. He was regarding Industrial Policy Advisory Committee for Trade and Policy and also wrote parts for the typical Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT). Not merely has this man worked at a time U.S. government in strengthening its economic climate but he was also an advisor for countries like Ukraine, Bulgaria, Russia and several large businesses in Cina.
In % increase about the impact of U.S. climate legislation on Trade with China written by Acuna et al. (2012), they demonstrated that 'previous research has revealed that climate legislation likely will have little impact on regional while global wastes. At a carbon associated with .70, small amount of change in output and, therefore, emissions will occur unless legislation provides incentives for technology change within each marketplace.
Hello, since Jan 09 i been employed in China trade the picture industry on short term contracts often beside breaks of unemployment of as much as a month uniting. I am always payed PAYE on these films or more until April this year my export tax code has been 647L WK1, since.
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So, W betrayed Toomey and sold his support to Specter for Specter's promise to remain in the Republican caucus. A defection from Vermont had changed the landscape and we didn't want that far more! Toomey barely lost and Specter breezed to re-election.
As you could see, may many benefits of black aid. Diluting the drink with milk or sugar could limit the effects, ; however , sugar isn't recommended any kind of drinks! Enjoy your cuppa, knowing it's mostly doing system good!


text:
Q: Is it possible to load-linked a register to itself? Is it possible to load-linked a register to itself?
There is a line of MIPS(R2000) assembly code in my textbook says:
ll    $r2, 0($r2)

Is this correct?
If it's correct: Is this instruction used when the original content in $r2 is not important but one only want to store a value into $r2 and he doesn't want others to store at the same time?

A: LL does not prevent anyone from storing to the address that is loaded, it only enables checking if someone did.
The LL instruction you posted looks legal to me. Whether it would make sense at that point depends on what else the program does.
It is possible that the address is also stored somewhere else and later read from someplace else for a call to SC.
Modified example from the reference manual:
L1:
  ADD T1, ZERO, T0 # copy T0 -> T1
  LL T1, (T1)      #
  ADDI T2, T1, 1   # increment
  SC T2, (T0)      # try to store, checking for atomicity
  BEQ T2, 0, L1    # if not atomic (0), try again

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Improving peppermint essential oil yield and composition by metabolic engineering
Bernd Markus Lange, Soheil Seyed Mahmoud, Mark R. Wildung, Glenn W. Turner, Edward M. Davis, Iris Lange, Raymond C. Baker, Rick A. Boydston, and Rodney B. Croteau
PNAS October 11, 2011 108 (41) 16944-16949; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1111558108
Bernd Markus Lange
For correspondence: lange-m@wsu.edu croteau@wsu.edu
Soheil Seyed Mahmoud
Mark R. Wildung
Glenn W. Turner
Edward M. Davis
Iris Lange
Raymond C. Baker
Rick A. Boydston
Rodney B. Croteau
Contributed by Rodney B. Croteau, August 18, 2011 (sent for review June 9, 2011)
Peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) was transformed with various gene constructs to evaluate the utility of metabolic engineering for improving essential oil yield and composition. Oil yield increases were achieved by overexpressing genes involved in the supply of precursors through the 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway. Two-gene combinations to enhance both oil yield and composition in a single transgenic line were assessed as well. The most promising results were obtained by transforming plants expressing an antisense version of (+)-menthofuran synthase, which is critical for adjusting the levels of specific undesirable oil constituents, with a construct for the overexpression of the MEP pathway gene 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (up to 61% oil yield increase over wild-type controls with low levels of the undesirable side-product (+)-menthofuran and its intermediate (+)-pulegone). Elite transgenic lines were advanced to multiyear field trials, which demonstrated consistent oil yield increases of up to 78% over wild-type controls and desirable effects on oil composition under commercial growth conditions. The transgenic expression of a gene encoding (+)-limonene synthase was used to accumulate elevated levels of (+)-limonene, which allows oil derived from transgenic plants to be recognized during the processing of commercial formulations containing peppermint oil. Our study illustrates the utility of metabolic engineering for the sustainable agricultural production of high quality essential oils at a competitive cost.
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase
2C-methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway
monoterpene
terpenoid
Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) is the source of commercially valuable essential oil used in numerous mint-flavored consumer products (1). Following a peak production in 1995, the peppermint acreage in the United States has been decreasing (2), and there is an increasing market pressure for lower-cost mint oils. Over the course of several decades improvements in agricultural practices have resulted in substantial yield increases (2). However, progress in varietal improvements has been frustratingly slow, in part because peppermint, which is a sterile hybrid developed from a cross between water mint (Mentha aquatica) and spearmint (Mentha spicata) (3), is not amenable to classical breeding. Thus, metabolic engineering is the only realistic short-term alternative for enhancing peppermint oil yield and composition (4). Fortunately, in comparison to other essential oil plants, the monoterpenoid essential oil biosynthetic pathway in peppermint is exceptionally well understood (reviewed in ref. 5), which has facilitated the development of metabolic engineering strategies.
One approach to potentially increase peppermint oil yield is to manipulate the expression levels of selected genes involved in the 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, which provides the precursors for monoterpene biosynthesis (6, 7) (Fig. S1). Indeed, increased oil yields were reported previously for transgenic plant lines overexpressing the MEP pathway gene 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR; up to 44% above wild-type controls) (8, 9). An alternative strategy to increase peppermint oil yield by metabolic engineering is to overexpress genes that encode enzymes catalyzing seemingly slow steps in monoterpene biosynthesis, but this approach has not been successful thus far. For example, (−)-limonene synthase ((−)-LS) catalyzes the first committed step in the p-menthane monoterpene pathway and, because of its relatively low catalytic efficiency, is considered a potentially rate-limiting enzyme (10). However, elevated expression levels of the gene encoding (−)-limonene synthase ((−)-LS) led to only moderate increases in oil yield in one study (11), whereas two independent studies did not find any positive effects on yield (12, 13). L3H catalyzes an equally slow step in the pathway (14, 15), but the overexpression of the L3H gene also did not result in increased oil yields (9). Metabolic engineering efforts aimed at improving oil composition have focused on reducing the accumulation of (+)-menthofuran and its intermediate (+)-pulegone, particularly under stress conditions. The expression of (+)-menthofuran synthase (MFS) (16) in antisense orientation resulted in reduced (+)-pulegone and (+)-menthofuran levels (9). Interestingly, one of these transgenic antisense lines, designated MFS7A, not only had an improved oil composition but also an increased oil yield by roughly 35%.
In the present study we have investigated the utility of overexpressing additional genes that encode enzymes involved in the precursor supply pathway for monoterpene biosynthesis. We have also generated transgenic plants, tested under greenhouse and commercial-scale field trial conditions, in which a two-gene combination (downregulation of MFS and upregulation of DXR) is used to positively affect both oil yield and composition. We have also produced transgenic lines that accumulate a chemical marker, (+)-limonene, which enables the tracing of oil distilled from our transgenic plants.
Increasing Essential Oil Yield.
To evaluate the utility of overexpressing genes involved in monoterpene precursor biosynthesis we generated transgenic peppermint lines using peppermint 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXPS) (17), peppermint isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (IPPI) (18), and Grand fir (Abies grandis) geranyl diphosphate synthase (GPPS) (19) (Fig. S1), all under control of the constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (20). The heterologous GPPS from Grand fir was chosen because it is encoded by a single gene (forming a homodimeric protein), whereas the peppermint GPPS is encoded by two genes (forming a heterodimeric protein).
We regenerated a total of 28 transgenic lines harboring the peppermint DXPS construct, 11 of which had a higher DXPS transcript abundance compared to wild-type controls (based on Northern blot analyses) (SI Text). None of the transgenic lines overexpressing DXPS had significant oil yield increases relative to wild-type controls (Table 1). However, three lines (DXPS 15, DXPS23, and DXPS28) had favorable oil compositions (in particular, low (+)-menthofuran levels between 2% and 4% and (+)-pulegone levels below 1%) (Table S1).
Essential oil yield and composition in various greenhouse-grown transgenic peppermint lines, and comparison with wild-type controls (N≥3 ± SD)
Transgenic plants were also regenerated from nine independent transformations with a peppermint IPPI overexpression construct. The abundance of IPPI transcript was extremely low in wild-type controls (below detection limit after one week of photographic film exposure on Northern blots). In contrast, bands were detectable in three transgenics (SI Text). Oil yield increases of up to 26% were measured in the IPPI4 line (Table 1). A quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis confirmed low endogenous expression levels of IPPI in peppermint leaves, as four times higher tissue amounts than usual had to be processed to obtain any detectable signal. The IPPI transcript levels in the IPPI4 transgenic line were 1.8-fold higher than in wild-type controls (Fig. 1).
Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of transgenic plants and wild-type controls (fold change vs. control +/− standard deviation). Asterisks indicate the statistical significance level: P-value < 0.05 (*), < 0.01 (**), and < 0.001 (***). Acronyms for transgenes: DXR, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase; IPPI, isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase; GPPS, geranyl diphosphate synthase; MFS, (+)-menthofuran synthase. The BD7A family of lines was generated by transforming the MFS7A transgenic line (expression of MFS in antisense orientation) with a construct for the overexpression of DXR (N≥3 ± SD). Expression levels are expressed as fold change of transgene vs. wild-type controls (transgenes: A, IPPI; B, GPPS; C, MFS; D, DXR).
The Grand fir GPPS overexpression construct was integrated into the genome of 22 independently transformed peppermint lines. Corresponding transcript was detected in 12 lines on Northern blots (SI Text), whereas in wild-type controls, which do not contain this particular GPPS gene, the transcript was not detected. Oil yield increases of up to 18% over wild-type controls were measured in some lines expressing GPPS (highest levels in GPPS11). The GPPS11 line also had desirable effects on oil composition (< 5% (+)-menthofuran and < 2% (+)-pulegone; Table 1). A qPCR analysis confirmed relatively high expression levels of the Abies grandis GPPS in the GPPS11 line, while, as expected, only background level amplification of a PCR product was detectable with wild-type controls (Fig. 1).
It is interesting to note that the compositional balance of monoterpenes was affected slightly by overexpressing genes involved in the MEP pathway (e.g., DXPS2 had high (+)-pulegone levels, while IPPI4 and IPPI5 had increased (+)-menthofuran levels). This could potentially be explained by changes in flux distribution through the monoterpene pathway or pleiotropic effects resulting from each transformation event.
Combining High Essential Oil Yield with Favorable Composition.
The overexpression of DXR led to oil yield increases, while the expression of MFS in antisense orientation in transgenic peppermint plants (elite line MFS7A) resulted in desired decreases in the relative amounts of (+)-menthofuran and (+)-pulegone (9). To evaluate if oil yield could be improved while preserving the desirable composition, we transformed the transgenic MFS7A line with an additional construct for the overexpression of DXR. We regenerated 35 transgenic plant lines that contained the DXR overexpression construct, of which six lines had significantly higher oil yields than wild-type controls (Table S1). The essential oil yields in three elite lines, designated BD7A-3, BD7A-4, and BD7A-7, were substantially increased above those in wild-type controls (61%, 53%, and 49%, respectively) (Table 1). Consistently low levels of (+)-menthofuran (≤ 1.9% of the essential oil) and (+)-pulegone (roughly 0.2% of the essential oil) were measured in all of these transgenic lines (Table 1). Based on qPCR assays, the expression levels of MFS were fairly consistent across all BD7A lines at about 0.75-fold the transcript abundance as in wild-type controls. DXR expression levels were significantly increased over wild-type controls in BD7A-24 and BD7A-27, while DXR transcript abundance in all other high yielding transgenics (BD7A-3, BD7A-4, BD7A-7, BD7A-29, and BD7A-33) was similar to that in controls (Fig. 1 and SI Text), indicating a poor correlation of transgene expression level and oil yield. Possible reasons for this phenomenon are discussed below.
Field Testing of Elite Transgenic Lines.
Encouraged by the results obtained with greenhouse-grown transgenics, we performed field trials to evaluate the performance of these lines under commercial growth conditions in the Yakima River Valley growing area of Washington State. The first generation of lines to be advanced to field trials were DXR38 (DXR overexpression line with high oil yield) and MFS7A (MFS antisense-expression line with enhanced oil composition), which were first planted in 2001. Compared with wild-type controls the initial oil yields obtained with the DXR38 line were lower (28% down in 2003), while moderately increased yields were detected in 2004 (11% up) and 2005 (18% up) (Table 2). The oil composition was similar to that of wild-type controls throughout the three growth seasons (2003–2005). Oil yields of MFS7A plants were significantly increased over wild-type controls in all samples (26%, 69%, and 50% increased in 2003, 2004, and 2005, respectively) (Table 2). The composition was similar to that of untransformed controls, with the exception that (+)-menthofuran levels were desirably lower. Fresh hay yields were at 42 to 50 tons per hectare for all years and genotypes (Table 2), indicating that controls and transgenic plants had similar growth characteristics. Three double-transgenics optimized for oil yield and composition were first planted in 2007 (BD7A-3) and 2008 (BD7A-4 and BD7A-7). Highly significant yield enhancements over wild-type controls were determined for BD7A-3 (27% up in 2008 harvest) and BD7A-4 (70 and 78% up in 2008 and 2009 harvests, respectively), while the 26% yield increase of BD7A-7 in 2009 harvest was not significant. The oil composition in all transgenic lines was favorable (similar to wild-type but with significantly lower (+)-menthofuran levels). In 2008, some mint plots were harvested only a few months after establishment. High levels of (+)-menthofuran (> 6% of essential oil) were detected in wild-type controls, whereas in transgenic lines BD7A-4 and BD7A-7 the levels were at < 5% of the oil. Because high (+)-menthofuran levels have also been reported for mature plants grown under low light intensities (cloudy days) or high night temperatures (21–23), the accumulation of undesirable oil components (such as (+)-menthofuran) under adverse weather conditions could potentially be prevented by planting BD7A transgenic lines. It is also important to note that oil yield and composition trends observed in greenhouse-grown lines were substantiated in field trials. Our data also provide evidence that, after a plot establishment period of 1–2 yr, oil yield and composition in transgenic lines are stable for multiple growth seasons.
Field trial evaluation of essential oil yield and composition in elite transgenic peppermint lines and wild-type controls (N≥3 ± SD)
Introduction of a Chemical Marker for Essential Oil Derived from Transgenic Plants.
Commercial essential oil from field-grown mint plants is collected by steam distillation. This oil does not contain genetic material, because DNA is not volatile and remains in the mint hay residue. However, regulatory agencies in some countries require labeling of products of transgenic provenance. To enable the tracing of oil from transgenic peppermint plants it would thus be advantageous if it contained a chemical marker. Such a marker would have to be present at low levels in the oil, should be easily detectable by standard analytical methods, and should not affect the organoleptic properties of the oil. Commercial peppermint oils grown in various US locations contain readily detectable amounts of (−)-limonene (1.1–2.7% of the essential oil), the precursor to all p-menthane monoterpenes (Fig. S1) but only very small amounts (ranging between 0.07% and 0.25% of the essential oil) of its enantiomer, (+)-limonene (24). The Federal Drug Administration of the United States lists (+)-limonene under the chemicals with "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) status (25), and enhanced levels of (+)-limonene would thus be a highly suitable chemical marker for transgenic plants. Identification of a gene that encodes a (+)-limonene synthase (PLS) would provide for such a marker gene.
A terpene cyclase structure/function study using (−)-LS from spearmint (10) as the scaffold revealed several potential candidate mutant enzymes that generate largely monoterpenes of the (+)-enantiomeric series in cell-free assays using geranyl diphosphate as substrate (SI Text). One promising candidate (M458C; methionine 458 changed to a cysteine) showed a relative reaction velocity approaching wild-type cyclase values and was thus further evaluated for potential use as a marker gene. GC and chiral GC analyses determined the product composition of the M458C mutant to be 57.3% limonene (5.4∶1 (+/−)), 38.3% α-terpineol (7.3∶1 (+/−)), 4% linalool (4∶1 (+/−)), 1.1% (−)-β-pinene and 1.5% (+)-β-pinene (Fig. 2A). Given that all the assay products of M458C mutant are listed under GRAS status (25), peppermint plants were transformed with a M458C mutant overexpression construct, from which 29 transgenic lines (designated PLS1-29) were regenerated. Within this family of transgenics, six lines had significantly increased (> 50% up) levels of (+)-limonene (Fig. 2 B and C). The highest (+)-limonene levels were detected in the PLS3 line but, for as yet unknown reasons, the concentrations of all (−)-limonene-derived monoterpenes decreased dramatically and the oil yield dropped to 18% of wild-type controls (Fig. 2 B and C). However, four other (+)-limonene-accumulating transgenic lines (PLS10, PLS11, PLS12, and PLS28) had a generally desirable oil composition and oil yields comparable to those of wild-type controls. These data indicate that (+)-limonene can be introduced as a chemical marker, without adverse effects on oil yield.
Introduction of a chemical marker into peppermint essential oil. (A) Product profile obtained with a (+)-limonene synthase (PLS M458C) that was generated by site-directed mutagenesis of spearmint (−)-limonene synthase. (B) Comparison of chiral GC-FID traces of essential oil distilled from the transgenic line PLS3 and wild-type plants. (C) Monoterpene profiles of transgenic plants expressing PLS, and comparison with wild-type controls (N≥3 ± SD).
Strategies for Further Yield Enhancements.
Overall, our metabolic engineering approaches to modulate the expression of genes of the essential oil precursor pathway (up) and those with relevance for oil composition (down) were highly successful. However, transgene expression levels did not always correlate directly with oil yield (Table 1; Fig. 1). Because future improvements will depend on understanding the factors that determine oil yield in peppermint, it should be noted that we have recently made substantial progress in that regard. Using a combination of mathematical modeling and experimental testing (26, 27) we found that, across several transgenic lines and under various growth conditions, oil yield correlated strongly with the total number and developmental distribution patterns of glandular trichomes, the specialized anatomical structures that synthesize and accumulate the oil (28–31). We had previously hypothesized that a "push-pull" mechanism (increased expression of a biosynthetic gene induces the initiation of glandular trichomes) could potentially allow more essential oil to be produced and stored (27). Such a mechanism is only partially supported by the current dataset (transgenics with higher oil yields had increased expression levels of the precursor pathway transgene but there was no tight correlation between the degree of transgene overexpression and oil yield). It is conceivable that the tissue culture manipulations used in the peppermint transformation protocol also have effects on the oil yield capacity of the regenerated plants, independent of the expression levels of the introduced transgene. Our transgenic plants did not show any obvious visible phenotypic differences (leaf and stem morphology) compared to wild-type controls and an important next step in furthering our understanding of the mechanisms controlling essential oil yield in peppermint will thus be to evaluate the density and size of glandular trichomes on leaves of the highest yielding transgenic lines. The mechanisms underlying glandular trichome distribution in peppermint are presently unknown, but positive regulators of trichome development/initiation have been characterized in other plants. These include transcription factors with various DNA binding domains (32–37) and protein–protein interaction partners of these transcriptional regulators (38). An analysis of expressed sequenced tags from isolated peppermint glandular trichome secretory cells indicated the presence of several genes with very high homology to the above-mentioned transcription factors (18), and we are currently testing their utility for affecting glandular trichome numbers and developmental distribution patterns. Our analyses of transgenic peppermint plants with varying essential oil yield and composition have yielded highly valuable insights that now enable the knowledge-based metabolic engineering of other commercially important essential oil plants.
Plant Growth Conditions.
Peppermint (Mentha × piperita cv. Black Mitcham) plants were grown on soil (Sunshine Mix LC1, SunGro Horticulture) in a greenhouse with supplemental lighting from sodium vapor lights (850 μmol m-2 s-1 of photosynthetically active radiation at plant canopy level) with a 16 h photoperiod and a temperature cycle of 27 °C/21 °C (day/night). Plants were watered daily with a fertilizer mix (N∶P∶K 20∶20∶20, v/v/v; plus iron chelate and micronutrients). The growth and analysis of field trial plants is detailed in SI Text and supporting information regarding weather conditions, irrigation schedule, and pesticide applications are available in Tables S2–S4.
Construct Design, Plant Transformations, Transformant Selection, and Transcript Analysis.
The pGAdekG/NIb.L parent vector was a gift from J.C. Carrington. It is a derivative of the pGA482 vector developed by G. An's group (39). The target DNA was amplified from suitable plasmid DNA using primers that introduced a 5′-EcoRI site upstream of the start codon and a 3′-KpnI site downstream of the stop codon. The pGAdekG/NIb.L vector was digested with EcoRI/KpnI, gel-purified, and the EcoRI/KpnI-predigested target cDNA ligated into the vector. The vector used for the overexpression of (+)-limonene synthase was based on the backbone of pCAMBIA1300 (Cambia) with a Gateway cloning cassette from pMDC32 (40). The Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of peppermint leaf discs and regeneration of transgenic plants was performed according to previously published protocols (41, 42). The construction of the BD7A transgenics used three plasmid vectors (pEGAD (43), pRT-GUS (44) and pCAMBIA0380 (AF234290)) and involved several steps outlined in SI Text. To test for the integration of the transgene-containing construct into the peppermint genome we assayed for the activity of the neomycin phosphotransferase (45) in crude protein extracts (9) or amplified the appropriate selectable marker gene from isolated genomic DNA (46) using PCR assays. Preliminary transcript abundance analyses were performed by Northern blotting (according to ref. 9). Elite lines were also assayed by qPCR (according to ref. 27). A more detailed outline of molecular biological methods and a complete list of all primers are available in SI Text.
Micro-Scale Distillation and Terpenoid Analysis.
Leaves were directly (without prior freezing) steam-distilled and solvent-extracted using 10 mL of n-hexane in a condenser-cooled Likens-Nickerson apparatus (47). For the analysis of chiral essential oil constituents (in particular for determining the ratio of (−)-limonene and (+)-limonene in PLS transgenics), the steam-distilled and solvent-extracted oil was injected onto an Agilent Technologies 7890A GC-FID instrument equipped with a Cyclodex B column (J&W Scientific 112-2532; 30 m × 250 μm × 0.25 μm). GC settings were as follows: inlet 250 °C, split 2∶1, split flow 4 mL/ min, column flow (He) 2.0 mL/ min, FID detector at 250 °C (H2 flow at 30 mL/ min, air flow at 400 mL/ min, makeup flow (He) at 25 mL/ min). The GC oven program had an initial temperature of 62 °C, which was held for 1 min, a slow ramp to 65 °C at 0.1 °C per min, a fast ramp to 200 °C at 50 °C, a hold at the final temperature for 10 min. Student's t tests to assess statistical significance of differences between control and experimental samples were performed in Microsoft Excel.
Characterization of a (+)-Limonene Synthase Generated from Spearmint (−)-Limonene Synthase by Site-Directed Mutagenesis.
Mutagenesis of (−)-(4S)-limonene synthase utilized a truncated form of the cDNA in which the transit peptide coding sequence had been removed and an ATG inserted directly upstream to generate the LS-M57 inserted into the pSBET vector (48), a construct that facilitated both recombinant expression and enzyme activity (49, 50). One mutant clone (M458C) yielded substantial amounts of (+)-limonene (SI Text). The clone was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and the recombinant protein purified (SI Text). Typical enzyme assays contained 100 μM geranyl diphosphate, 7.5 mM MgCl2, 50 mM MOPSO at pH 7.0, 10 % (v/v) glycerol, and 10 mM DTT in a 500 μL volume. Assays were carried out for 5–30 min at 31 °C and terminated by extraction with 500 μL pentane. The pentane layer was used directly for chiral GC analyses as described above.
We would like to thank Julia Gothard-Szamosfalvi and Sue Vogtman for growing plants and Darlene Croteau, Dr. Kumkum Rani, Lyuba Yurgel, and Blake Herron for technical assistance. We would also like to thank Dr. R. E. B. Ketchum for providing the pREBKs vector. Financial support from the Mint Industry Research Council (grants to B.M.L. and R.B.C.), and the US Department of Energy (DE-FG02-09ER16054 to B.M.L.) is greatly appreciated.
1To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: lange-m{at}wsu.edu or croteau{at}wsu.edu.
↵2Present address: Department of Biology, University of British Columbia at Okanagan, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
↵3Present address: School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7520
Author contributions: B.M.L., S.S.M., M.R.W., G.W.T., E.M.D., I.L., R.C.B., R.A.B., and R.B.C. designed research; S.S.M., M.R.W., G.W.T., E.M.D., I.L., and R.C.B. performed research; B.M.L., S.S.M., M.R.W., G.W.T., E.M.D., I.L., R.C.B., and R.A.B. analyzed data; and B.M.L. and R.B.C. wrote the paper.
Conflict of interest statement: Cocorresponding author B. M. Lange serves as chief scientific officer for Ajuga Biosciences, a biotechnology company using mint as a host for the production of terpenoid-based fine chemicals. However, it is important to note that Ajuga Biosciences did not sponsor the current study, nor did the company have any involvement in the generation or interpretation of the data.
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You are going to email the following Improving peppermint essential oil yield and composition by metabolic engineering
Bernd Markus Lange, Soheil Seyed Mahmoud, Mark R. Wildung, Glenn W. Turner, Edward M. Davis, Iris Lange, Raymond C. Baker, Rick A. Boydston, Rodney B. Croteau
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Oct 2011, 108 (41) 16944-16949; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1111558108


Tom has been with MassMutual since 1992, where he started as a product consultant. His extensive product knowledge is instrumental in his role as a brokerage director with Charter Oak, where he makes the MassMutual product platform available to his team of brokers, in addition to providing them with the necessary support to ensure their success.
A graduate of American International College, Tom's lifelong passions for family, community, and sports have inspired his volunteerism as President of Youth Football, Chairman of the Recreation Department, an athletic coach, and founder of the Youth Flag Football program. Tom is also an avid runner, having completed the Boston Marathon in 2012 as a member of the Griffin's Friends Marathon Challenge.


Defect Description: HYUNDAI IS RECALLING 188,282 MY 2001-2004 SONATA AND MY 2001-2004 XG300 AND XG350 VEHICLES ORIGINALLY SOLD IN OR CURRENTLY REGISTERED IN THE STATES OF CONNECTICUT, DELAWARE, ILLINOIS, INDIANA, IOWA, MAINE, MARYLAND, MASSACHUSETTS, MICHIGAN, MINNESOTA, MISSOURI, NEW HAMPSHIRE, NEW JERSEY, NEW YORK, OHIO, PENNSYLVANIA, RHODE ISLAND, VERMONT, WEST VIRGINIA, WISCONSIN, AND THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. ROAD SALT APPLIED IN THESE JURISDICTIONS DURING THE WINTER MONTHS MAY RESULT IN PROGRESSIVE, INTERNAL CORROSION OF THE FRONT SUB-FRAME ON THE VEHICLES, AND MAY RESULT IN THINNING OR PERFORATION OF THE SUB-FRAME STEEL. THE CORROSION IS FREQUENTLY VISIBLE AND OFTEN DISCOVERED DURING INSPECTION OR ROUTINE MAINTENANCE, AND OWNERS MAY ALSO HEAR NOISES OR NOTICE TIRE MISALIGNMENT AND STEERING PULL. IF THESE SIGNALS ARE UNDETECTED OR UNHEEDED, THE CORROSION MAY PROGRESS AND THE FORWARD MOUNTING OF THE LOWER CONTROL ARM MAY DETACH FROM THE SUB-FRAME.
Defect Description: ON CERTAIN PASSENGER VEHICLES, AN INTERMITTENT CONDITION THAT LEADS TO THE SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEM (SRS) AIR BAG WARNING LIGHT ILLUMINATION COULD RESULT FROM MOTION OF THE SIDE IMPACT AIR BAG WIRING HARNESS AND SIDE IMPACT AIR BAG WIRING HARNESS CONNECTOR WHICH MOUNT TO THE ADJUSTABLE SEAT CUSHION ASSEMBLY. THIS CONDITION ONLY RELATES TO THE SIDE IMPACT AIR BAGS AND COULD PREVENT AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT DURING A CRASH WHERE SUCH DEPLOYMENT SHOULD OCCUR.
Defect Description: VEHICLE DESCRIPTION: PASSENGER VEHICLES. THE SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEM (SRS) AIR BAG WARNING LIGHT COULD ILLUMINATE DUE TO MOTION OF THE SIDE IMPACT AIR BAG WIRING HARNESS AND SIDE IMPACT AIR BAG WIRING HARNESS CONNECTOR THAT MOUNT TO THE ADJUSTABLE SEAT CUSHION ASSEMBLY. THIS CONDITION ONLY RELATES TO THE DRIVER AND/OR PASSENGER SEAT-MOUNTED SIDE IMPACT AIR BAG(S).
Everyone wants to get a good deal on a used vehicle, but is the initial purchase price all that really matters to you when making a purchase? Unlike many other consumer goods a vehicle may appear perfectly normal while having significant hidden issues that may require you to spend thousands on out of pocket repair. Some used vehicle defects and problems may not be obvious to the naked eye, and may even go undetected when inspected by a mechanic. The fact is that without looking into the vehicles history you will never know what you are buying. Every VINCheckUp Vehicle History Report contains information that can help you determine if this 2001 Hyundai Sonata is worth spending your hard earned money buying.


text:
Ken Andrews
Watch Ken Andrews of Failure On Gibson TV's "Behind The Board"
Music Connection
Gibson TV has premiered the first episode of the brand new series titled "Behind The Board," which offers an in-depth look at the world of studio recording. In the debut episode, Gibson TV sits down with Ken Andrews of the band Failure to discuss the writing, recording and production of the band's latest album In The Future Your Body Will Be The Furthest Thing From Your Mind. Formed in Los Angeles, Failure gained recognition with the release of the album Fantastic Planet. While disbanding in 1997, the band reformed in 2015 and released the album The Heart Is A Monster. After extensive touring sharing stages with the likes of Tool, Swervedriver and […]
The post Watch Ken Andrews of Failure On Gibson TV's "Behind The Board" appeared first on Music Connection Magazine.
For more, check out MusicConnection.com (Source)
"In The Still Of The Night" Singer/Songwriter Fred Parris Dead At 85


Everyone is playing A4O and being busy with the upcoming Christmas?
Even the French site has had only two updates which were only small. I guess updates come when it's their time. Fansites' updates often cease for a while after the launch of a new game.
A thing we've got is that new winter/Christmas-themed background. I also find that winter logo neat.
The forums have been a lot more active in my opinion though. There are more posts per day than before.
I haven't been that active personally since I have been busy with life and such.
A lot of users here (including myself) have been pretty occupied with life like school and work at the meantime, so it's pretty difficult to get any free time to post any new articles on the main page.
On the bright side though, we have the forums as a back-up to post threads with the latest news on the Ratchet and Clank franchise, though sometimes it isn't too convenient to use for finding out any new information compared to posting an article.
I admit I haven't been on much, but I am starting to appear more now (since my partner went back overseas ) but I am still busy, because it's getting close to Christmas. My job is becoming very demanding now :S but the good thing about that, is the extra money heh.
You're not the only one Tara.
Speaking of being quiet lately, has anyone checked the latest article yet?
Me, I really only log in when I have something to say. I'm on a gap since I finished year 12.
Changed the name of the thread to "Updates?"
Also, you need to know that not all the french news can be brought to the english version, since they might not really interest you. For example, the latest french article is all about a french videogames convention during which we gathered more than 30 members of the site.
You can always check the video, but I'm not sure it would matter so much to the english community.
Anyway, do not hesitate to tell me if you think I'm wrong.


One of the hardest things your church may ever deal with is an allegation of child sexual abuse. These allegations create responsibilities for reporting to law enforcement, for ministering to people who are hurt, evaluating child safety procedures that are in place, interacting with media, dealing with offenders, considering legal issues, and other tough challenges.
Usually, though not always, a church in the United States will not have to carry out its own investigation, because Child Protective Services or law enforcement will do that. If official agencies do not undertake the investigation for reasons such as lack of evidence or a case that is too old, the church may also have to handle that, and it will need legal help to do so.
Gary Friesen has written an excellent article, "Responding to an Allegation of Child Sexual Abuse," to help churches through this process. His article walks church staff through various steps in understanding what has happened and how to respond. It gives helpful suggestions on whom to contact, what steps to take—and just as important—what steps to avoid. He also talks about the process of bringing in a Christian mediator or peacemaker for healing and reconciliation.
While you may need more information and help from church leadership or an attorney experienced in this area, especially if you have to do an investigation, this article is a good starting point.


I'm changing how I do things around here.
I love working with pets. I especially love pet cases where I can make a significant difference in the life of the pet in question.
So, I'm changing who I work with, and how much I charge.
As of September 1st, I will take new clients on a case-by-case basis. Each new client session is $250. I will choose the client cases that are the best fit for my work. For $250, you get up to 2 hours of my time.
If the case is not one that's a fit for me, I'll recommend another animal communicator to you.
Why am I limiting my practice?
I'm REALLY GOOD at what I do. I want to work with my current clients and with new clients that I can really help. I like to help the difficult cases. I like to help motivated owners.
And…I find that the best way to help animals sometimes is to help people. If I can make people better, animal situations get better.
People who hire animal communicators have pretty good relationships with their pets already.
So, I'm working with people, and providing intuitive guidance to them. This is where I can really help people and pets. This is where I can really make the world a better place.
I still want to work with my current clients, because I love them. They are all awesome. And I want to help the pets that really need me moving forward.
So Who's a Current Client?
Anybody that I've worked with before.
If I have worked with any pet of yours, I will talk with any pet of yours. You are a current client.
Moving forward, a current client session is $110. It's 45 minutes of my time with you, plus about 20 minutes with your pet, prior to our call. I will not be doing shorter sessions than that. I wish I had the time and head space to do so. I don't.
I've done a lot of work with end of life and grieving pet parents. I'd like to continue this work. If you are dealing with an end of life issue, or you've recently lost a pet, and you're not a current client, and you'd like to work with me, please email me. In these situations, I typically charge the current client rate.
I'm offering my intuitive animal communication course one last time in October. Please join me. I will not be teaching this in the foreseeable future. I might bring it back when I have time again, but probably not. Life is short.
If you want to work with me in the next year, and you're not a current client, buy a session now. Each session is good for a year. Simply hit the Returning client button on the Consult page. I'm happy to add you to my roster.
This entry was posted in Animal Communication Consultations, Animal Readings, Cats, Dogs, Horses. Bookmark the permalink.
Way to go Bridget!!! Stepping into the potency of YOU and BEING all you are here to be, contributing what you contribute….BIG hugs!!! Way to go!!!
My heart skipped a beat until I read I'm grandfather in…. yippie… you had me worried for a moment. I was waiting for the day you would get too busy to do everything you do for two and four legged peeps. Make sure you take care of you first your the product line. Did that make sense…..
And now ya got me interested in the workshop — not putting the urgency screws to me with the "possibly last one ever" bit, but reminding me that, yeah, life IS short, so if I wanna learn something, better now than never, eh? Man, you're making my brain work overtime ~!
It is with mixed feelings that I read about your upcoming changes. Having such a limited income, I hate seeing your rates going up. Its nice to find the "hidden gems" like you that are affordable and within the realm of possibility financially for us poor folk. I see so many people struggling to figure out how to help their animal companions and I wish everyone could have access to excellent communicators such as yourself without having to worry about affordability.
On the other hand, you are ABSOLUTELY worth it! As I've told you (and many other people), I put you right on par with Sonya Fitzpatrick. I also understand that as word gets out, you get more and more requests and you do have to draw the line somewhere–its the bittersweet side effect of any successful business (especially when its something where you can't just hire extra help!). I'm happy that I'm grandfathered in, though and you have been SO helpful with me over this last, very tough, year I've had with my pets.


text:
Ocular haemodynamic responses to induced hypercapnia and hyperoxia in glaucoma
S. L. Hosking, Alon Harris, H. S. Chung, C. P. Jonescu-Cuypers, L. Kogemann, E. J. Roff Hilton, H. Garzozi
Aim: To determine the ocular haemodynamic response to gas perturbations in glaucoma. Methods: Intraocular pressure (IOP), systemic systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), and retrobulbar blood flow velocities, measured by colour Doppler imaging (CDI), were recorded at two visits. CDI was used to measure peak systolic and end diastolic velocities (PSV and EDV) and resistance index (RI) in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCAs). At the first visit, measurements were taken at baseline (B1: breathing room air) and during isoxic hypercapnia (end tidal PCO2 increased 15% above baseline) in 16 normal subjects and 12 patients with glaucoma. On another day, measurements were repeated at a second baseline (B2) and during hyperoxia (100% oxygen breathing) for 15 normal subjects and 13 glaucoma patients. Baseline systemic data were compared using paired t tests; REANOVA was performed to compare group differences at baseline and to determine the vessel response to each condition. Fisher's LSD was used for post hoc comparison. Results: Baseline OA PSV was lower for the glaucoma than for the normal group (p = 0.047); the groups were otherwise similar at baseline. IOP demonstrated no response to hypercapnia, but reduced during hyperoxia for both the normal subjects (p<0.0001) and glaucoma patients (p = 0.04). During hypercapnia, SBP increased in normal subjects (p = 0.03) and glaucoma patients (p = 0.01); DBP increased in normal subjects (p = 0.021). There was a corresponding increase in ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) for normal subjects (p = 0.01) and glaucoma subjects (p = 0.028), and as a result OPP was included as a covariate in the REANCOVA model. Hypercapnia resulted in increased PSV in the CRA of normal subjects (p = 0.035) and increased PSV and EDV in the SPCAs of glaucoma patients (p = 0.041 and p = 0.030 respectively). Hyperoxia resulted in reduced PSV and EDV in the ophthalmic arteries of normal subjects only (p = 0.001 and 0.031 respectively). Conclusions: These findings suggest the presence of relative vasoconstriction in glaucoma patients, which is at least partially reversed by hypercapnia.
Hyperoxia
Ophthalmic Artery
Ciliary Arteries
Retinal Artery
Intraocular Pressure
Blood Flow Velocity
Hosking, S. L., Harris, A., Chung, H. S., Jonescu-Cuypers, C. P., Kogemann, L., Roff Hilton, E. J., & Garzozi, H. (2004). Ocular haemodynamic responses to induced hypercapnia and hyperoxia in glaucoma. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 88(3), 406-411. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.2002.008995
Ocular haemodynamic responses to induced hypercapnia and hyperoxia in glaucoma. / Hosking, S. L.; Harris, Alon; Chung, H. S.; Jonescu-Cuypers, C. P.; Kogemann, L.; Roff Hilton, E. J.; Garzozi, H.
Hosking, SL, Harris, A, Chung, HS, Jonescu-Cuypers, CP, Kogemann, L, Roff Hilton, EJ & Garzozi, H 2004, 'Ocular haemodynamic responses to induced hypercapnia and hyperoxia in glaucoma', British Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 88, no. 3, pp. 406-411. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.2002.008995
Hosking SL, Harris A, Chung HS, Jonescu-Cuypers CP, Kogemann L, Roff Hilton EJ et al. Ocular haemodynamic responses to induced hypercapnia and hyperoxia in glaucoma. British Journal of Ophthalmology. 2004 Mar;88(3):406-411. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.2002.008995
Hosking, S. L. ; Harris, Alon ; Chung, H. S. ; Jonescu-Cuypers, C. P. ; Kogemann, L. ; Roff Hilton, E. J. ; Garzozi, H. / Ocular haemodynamic responses to induced hypercapnia and hyperoxia in glaucoma. In: British Journal of Ophthalmology. 2004 ; Vol. 88, No. 3. pp. 406-411.
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title = "Ocular haemodynamic responses to induced hypercapnia and hyperoxia in glaucoma",
abstract = "Aim: To determine the ocular haemodynamic response to gas perturbations in glaucoma. Methods: Intraocular pressure (IOP), systemic systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), and retrobulbar blood flow velocities, measured by colour Doppler imaging (CDI), were recorded at two visits. CDI was used to measure peak systolic and end diastolic velocities (PSV and EDV) and resistance index (RI) in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCAs). At the first visit, measurements were taken at baseline (B1: breathing room air) and during isoxic hypercapnia (end tidal PCO2 increased 15{\%} above baseline) in 16 normal subjects and 12 patients with glaucoma. On another day, measurements were repeated at a second baseline (B2) and during hyperoxia (100{\%} oxygen breathing) for 15 normal subjects and 13 glaucoma patients. Baseline systemic data were compared using paired t tests; REANOVA was performed to compare group differences at baseline and to determine the vessel response to each condition. Fisher's LSD was used for post hoc comparison. Results: Baseline OA PSV was lower for the glaucoma than for the normal group (p = 0.047); the groups were otherwise similar at baseline. IOP demonstrated no response to hypercapnia, but reduced during hyperoxia for both the normal subjects (p<0.0001) and glaucoma patients (p = 0.04). During hypercapnia, SBP increased in normal subjects (p = 0.03) and glaucoma patients (p = 0.01); DBP increased in normal subjects (p = 0.021). There was a corresponding increase in ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) for normal subjects (p = 0.01) and glaucoma subjects (p = 0.028), and as a result OPP was included as a covariate in the REANCOVA model. Hypercapnia resulted in increased PSV in the CRA of normal subjects (p = 0.035) and increased PSV and EDV in the SPCAs of glaucoma patients (p = 0.041 and p = 0.030 respectively). Hyperoxia resulted in reduced PSV and EDV in the ophthalmic arteries of normal subjects only (p = 0.001 and 0.031 respectively). Conclusions: These findings suggest the presence of relative vasoconstriction in glaucoma patients, which is at least partially reversed by hypercapnia.",
author = "Hosking, {S. L.} and Alon Harris and Chung, {H. S.} and Jonescu-Cuypers, {C. P.} and L. Kogemann and {Roff Hilton}, {E. J.} and H. Garzozi",
T1 - Ocular haemodynamic responses to induced hypercapnia and hyperoxia in glaucoma
AU - Hosking, S. L.
AU - Harris, Alon
AU - Chung, H. S.
AU - Jonescu-Cuypers, C. P.
AU - Kogemann, L.
AU - Roff Hilton, E. J.
AU - Garzozi, H.
N2 - Aim: To determine the ocular haemodynamic response to gas perturbations in glaucoma. Methods: Intraocular pressure (IOP), systemic systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), and retrobulbar blood flow velocities, measured by colour Doppler imaging (CDI), were recorded at two visits. CDI was used to measure peak systolic and end diastolic velocities (PSV and EDV) and resistance index (RI) in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCAs). At the first visit, measurements were taken at baseline (B1: breathing room air) and during isoxic hypercapnia (end tidal PCO2 increased 15% above baseline) in 16 normal subjects and 12 patients with glaucoma. On another day, measurements were repeated at a second baseline (B2) and during hyperoxia (100% oxygen breathing) for 15 normal subjects and 13 glaucoma patients. Baseline systemic data were compared using paired t tests; REANOVA was performed to compare group differences at baseline and to determine the vessel response to each condition. Fisher's LSD was used for post hoc comparison. Results: Baseline OA PSV was lower for the glaucoma than for the normal group (p = 0.047); the groups were otherwise similar at baseline. IOP demonstrated no response to hypercapnia, but reduced during hyperoxia for both the normal subjects (p<0.0001) and glaucoma patients (p = 0.04). During hypercapnia, SBP increased in normal subjects (p = 0.03) and glaucoma patients (p = 0.01); DBP increased in normal subjects (p = 0.021). There was a corresponding increase in ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) for normal subjects (p = 0.01) and glaucoma subjects (p = 0.028), and as a result OPP was included as a covariate in the REANCOVA model. Hypercapnia resulted in increased PSV in the CRA of normal subjects (p = 0.035) and increased PSV and EDV in the SPCAs of glaucoma patients (p = 0.041 and p = 0.030 respectively). Hyperoxia resulted in reduced PSV and EDV in the ophthalmic arteries of normal subjects only (p = 0.001 and 0.031 respectively). Conclusions: These findings suggest the presence of relative vasoconstriction in glaucoma patients, which is at least partially reversed by hypercapnia.
AB - Aim: To determine the ocular haemodynamic response to gas perturbations in glaucoma. Methods: Intraocular pressure (IOP), systemic systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), and retrobulbar blood flow velocities, measured by colour Doppler imaging (CDI), were recorded at two visits. CDI was used to measure peak systolic and end diastolic velocities (PSV and EDV) and resistance index (RI) in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCAs). At the first visit, measurements were taken at baseline (B1: breathing room air) and during isoxic hypercapnia (end tidal PCO2 increased 15% above baseline) in 16 normal subjects and 12 patients with glaucoma. On another day, measurements were repeated at a second baseline (B2) and during hyperoxia (100% oxygen breathing) for 15 normal subjects and 13 glaucoma patients. Baseline systemic data were compared using paired t tests; REANOVA was performed to compare group differences at baseline and to determine the vessel response to each condition. Fisher's LSD was used for post hoc comparison. Results: Baseline OA PSV was lower for the glaucoma than for the normal group (p = 0.047); the groups were otherwise similar at baseline. IOP demonstrated no response to hypercapnia, but reduced during hyperoxia for both the normal subjects (p<0.0001) and glaucoma patients (p = 0.04). During hypercapnia, SBP increased in normal subjects (p = 0.03) and glaucoma patients (p = 0.01); DBP increased in normal subjects (p = 0.021). There was a corresponding increase in ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) for normal subjects (p = 0.01) and glaucoma subjects (p = 0.028), and as a result OPP was included as a covariate in the REANCOVA model. Hypercapnia resulted in increased PSV in the CRA of normal subjects (p = 0.035) and increased PSV and EDV in the SPCAs of glaucoma patients (p = 0.041 and p = 0.030 respectively). Hyperoxia resulted in reduced PSV and EDV in the ophthalmic arteries of normal subjects only (p = 0.001 and 0.031 respectively). Conclusions: These findings suggest the presence of relative vasoconstriction in glaucoma patients, which is at least partially reversed by hypercapnia.


Vacation in Greece means sea. Well, for those who want to leave behind the usual way of spending their vacation time, carrying along beach accessories, cars and queuing up to get tickets to their destination, sailing offers an alternative exciting holiday. Just rent a sailboat!
A dreamful yachting experience in the Greek seas and islands is offered to you by renting one of our high quality sailing yachts . You will then be able to reach all the hidden beauties that the islands of Cyclades, Dodecanese, Ionian Islands, Crete & many others offer to their visitors. Greek islands are famous for their beautiful blue seas, sandy beaches and for the unique holidays they can offer.
The one you need to bring aboard is your best mood and company. Our yachts are ready to offer you both dreamful and convenient holidays!
The sense of independence, the morning awakening with a dive into crystal clear water, dinner under the moon and the candle light, the perfume of pinewood along with the fascinating bobbing up and down on the water of the yacht, sheltered into the inlets, will make this experience unique and unforgettable.


text:
London Tours & Attractions
Grand London Bike Tour
Activity code: GBT
Secret passageway from Whitehall to Downing Street
World's smallest police station
Benjamin Franklin's residence
Oldest wig shop in London
Cleopatra's Needle (ancient Egyptian tower)
Church that inspired the wedding cake
Want to see all of London's must see sights and attractions? Want to hear quirky tales about London's amazing and sometimes bizarre history? Want to visit off the beaten track areas that the tour buses can't take you? Then this is the tour for you. The Grand London tour is designed to show you London in all its glory – great monuments as well as hidden nooks and crannies, and give you a taste of Londoner's London.
Cycling casually alongside riverside pathways, cycle lanes and park routes, ensuring your complete safety at all times, the tour includes stops at highlights such as the London Eye, Big Ben and the Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey, Buckingham Palace and the magnificent Royal Parks, where you will stop for a refuelling break by the lakes. Then pedalling along the Mall you will also we also see Admiralty Arch, Trafalgar Square, Chinatown, Covent Garden and St Paul's Cathedral. Wow! That's quite a list of places.
Yet, true to form you will also hear about the unique, strange and amusing elements of this great city. How else would you ever find the world's smallest police station or an ancient Egyptian tower that has survived 3,000 years; learn about the historic struggle between the town planners and the milkmaids at St. James Park; or discover the church that inspired the wedding cake?!
There are so many other wonderfully eccentric characters, peculiar traditions and eyebrow-raising monuments to discover on this carefully selected route, that the GRAND LONDON TOUR really is a must-do for anyone who wishes to unravel London's most bizarre past and present.
Tour includes:
Please arrive at least 15 minutes before departure time. Late arrivals will not receive a refund.
Please wear dress appropriate for a cycle tour (visibility clothing, appropriate cycling gear)
Children under 10 years are not permitted to join any Bike tour. Eligible children must be accompanied by an adult at all times
Please take care of all personal property. The Company will not be liable for any theft, loss, damage, delay, inconvenience, direct or consequential loss
Each customer is responsible for maintaining their own safety at all times. The Company will not be liable for any injuries caused to a customer unless this is as a result of negligence on the Company's part.
By agreeing to take part on the tour, all customers are agreeing to follow the safety instructions given by the guide and to exercise due care and attention whilst cycling. If a participant is unable to ride a bicycle safely the tour leader may ask the person to stop riding. No refund will be given.
The Company may, at its discretion, require any person to be excluded from a tour if The Company deems his or her conduct to be offensive or a nuisance to other customers. The Company also reserves the right to refuse access to participate on a particular tour should circumstance be deemed to compromise tour safety.
Days of Operation: Daily
Departure time: 10:30am
Meeting Point: Outside the entrance to platforms 1 & 2 at Waterloo Station
Please note: All tours leave 10 minutes after the alloted departure time. Please arrive 15 minutes before departure.
Exceptions (closed):
25, 26 of December and 1 of January


Animal Ark Series has been authored by Ben M Baglio. These books were published in UK under the pseudonym Lucy Daniels in 1994 and thereafter have been published the world over!!! The main character in the series is Mandy, who happens to be a local veterinarian's daughter. She helps all animals in distress with the help of her best friend James and all villagers. The Animal Ark is the vet surgery, where these injured animals are treated. The series is suitable for children between the ages of 4 to 10.