I have no idea of what to do. I realized then that this awful cellar was the only place that could save our lives. The mountains are reflected in the lake. The two daughters are different from each other. Joachim was working for me. There's a cold wind today. We don't do anything anymore. We held a pleasant conversation with the old man. It sounds like I'm hired! Thank you for the present you gave my son.
Don't be surprised. You know very well what I'm talking about. I'm sick and tired of reading. Winnie is my nephew. A heavy purse makes a light heart. An English language students' magazine has invited readers to submit an article on the theme of culture shock. I gave her some candy. Can I wait for them here? Why do you need a comb if you have no hair? We closed early. Is what you told me secret?
Can I sit next to Mahesh? His influence is still potent. It's not worth it. I did surprise her. Elisabeth needs to get out of here. Celeste took her hands in his. Oh brother sky I take a step forward. I dropped my apple. Sleep's the best thing for him. Don't you dare ask Vinod that.
Vadim decided to make a deal with Elliot. The world around you is ... just a little kinder ... even more than you think. It's clear that it's so. I've always liked volleyball. I told him the truth. There was nothing there. Think knows that Pontus and I are friends. Dan corroborated Linda's story. Please don't call me again. He scrutinized the document one final time before approving it.
I'm not sure what you're asking me. You'd better shut up. Did you have breakfast? You can't blame me for being suspicious. I thought it best to remain silent. Billie and Francois want to learn French. Her mouth dropped open. The sound of a kiss is not so loud as that of a cannon, but its echo lasts a deal longer. Donna couldn't find the bus stop. We aren't happy to see them.
Red Cross is a profitless organization. Don't change the topic. I couldn't believe it was you. A dog is barking. He goes to school by bus. I should've known. Explain the message to me. Could you give me a ball-park figure? One can't put that in words. We study French every day at school.
Horst might be able to help. Get in the van, everybody. I met him there. You would've loved Boston. Who's got time for that? Maybe you should've thought of that before you did what you did. In a sense, I can understand his confusion. Tao is very reckless, isn't he? Which of your parents do you resemble? Van looked for a weapon.
She's a hopeless case. What were you taking pictures of? Markus has a son who is a policeman. Where's the women's section? It's simple, but it works. The soldiers were marking time. Dwayne was the only one who was injured. I'm giving it to her. You were about to say something. I didn't know Prakash had a driver's license.
Sergio didn't say whether he would go to Herb's party or not. It was unprofessional. My father made me what I am today. "I have to pee." "Jonny, that's not the right thing to say. Say, 'Excuse me. I need to go to the toilet.'" I'm going to go out and get us something to eat. He began to abase the man behind his back. This substance is mostly composed of hydrogen and oxygen. You have to disappear. Tell Vaughn what's going on. I'm not interested in any of your theories.
I've already decided to give this to Pim. Yana studies astrophysics in Yekaterinburg. He should follow my advice. It's a promise. I will need their help. Judith is having dinner now. The boat is heading toward the harbor. Mahesh has taken over his father's company. Winter is coming on. Does she have children?


text:
<?php

namespace Phprest\ErrorHandler\Handler;

use ErrorException;
use Exception;
use League\BooBoo\Handler\HandlerInterface;
use Phprest\Exception\Exception as PhprestException;
use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;

class Log implements HandlerInterface
{
    protected ?LoggerInterface $logger;

    public function __construct(LoggerInterface $logger = null)
    {
        if (null !== $logger) {
            $this->setLogger($logger);
        }
    }

    public function setLogger(LoggerInterface $logger): self
    {
        $this->logger = $logger;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * @param Exception $exception
     */
    public function handle($exception): void
    {
        if ($exception instanceof ErrorException) {
            $this->handleErrorException($exception);

            return;
        }

        if ($this->logger) {
            $this->logger->critical($this->buildLogMessage($exception));
        }
    }

    protected function handleErrorException(ErrorException $exception): bool
    {
        switch ($exception->getSeverity()) {
            case E_ERROR:
            case E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR:
            case E_CORE_ERROR:
            case E_COMPILE_ERROR:
            case E_USER_ERROR:
            case E_PARSE:
                $this->logger->error($this->buildLogMessage($exception));
                break;

            case E_WARNING:
            case E_USER_WARNING:
            case E_CORE_WARNING:
            case E_COMPILE_WARNING:
                $this->logger->warning($this->buildLogMessage($exception));
                break;

            case E_NOTICE:
            case E_USER_NOTICE:
                $this->logger->notice($this->buildLogMessage($exception));
                break;

            case E_STRICT:
            case E_DEPRECATED:
            case E_USER_DEPRECATED:
                $this->logger->info($this->buildLogMessage($exception));
                break;
        }

        return true;
    }

    protected function buildLogMessage(Exception $exception): string
    {
        $message = $exception->getMessage() . "({$exception->getCode()})";

        if ($exception instanceof PhprestException && $exception->getDetails()) {
            $message .= ' Details :: ' . json_encode($exception->getDetails());
        }

        $message .= ' Stack trace :: ' . $exception->getTraceAsString();

        return $message;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
#ifndef _LIBHAGGLE_METADATA_XML_H
#define _LIBHAGGLE_METADATA_XML_H

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

/**
  "metadata_xml" implements an XML-based backend for the wire format
  of metadata.
*/
#include "metadata.h"

#define HAGGLE_XML_TAG "<" HAGGLE_TAG "/>"

metadata_t *metadata_xml_new_from_xml(const char *raw, size_t len);
int metadata_xml_get_raw_alloc(metadata_t *m, unsigned char **buf, size_t *len);

#define metadata_new_from_raw(raw, len) metadata_xml_new_from_xml((char *)(raw), (len))
#define metadata_get_raw_alloc(m, buf, len) metadata_xml_get_raw_alloc((m), (buf), (len))

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif /* _LIBHAGGLE_METADATA_XML_H */


"Treasures from the Secret Place" Chapter 12 He shall cover you with His feathers... Psalm 91:4a Good morning from the Secret Place. When I first read this piece of Psalm 91, the immediate question was, "How can God have feathers? What on earth is He talking about?" Down filled jackets and comforters are … Continue reading 12-Did You Say Feathers?
"Treasures from the Secret Place" Chapter 11 Psalm 91:3c "Surely, He shall deliver you from the snare of the fowler …and from the noisome pestilence," Noisome pestilence? Call the exterminator. In Missouri, during certain summer seasons, the Cicadas are so noisy, it is difficult to sleep. Between them, the crickets, and tree frogs…it is a … Continue reading 11-What Is That Noise?
b "Treasures from the Secret Place" Chapter 10 Psalm 91:3b "Surely, He shall deliver you from the snare of the fowler…" A snare? Do you have any snares lying around? Other than the trap we have to capture garden destroying raccoons, I don't know of any snares. However, I had an experience years ago that … Continue reading 10-What Is Stopping You?
"Surely He shall deliver you…." "Treasures from the Secret Place" Chapter 9 Surely He shall deliver you from the snare of the fowler and from the perilous pestilence. Psalm 91:3a David, who wrote this wonderful psalm, knew all about being delivered. In I Samuel 17 is the story of David taking on the giant Goliath. … Continue reading 9-Have You Been Delivered?


The chalkboard is a flat, vertical writing surface on which anything can be inscribed by means of a piece of chalk. The device is generally used for educational purposes, but it can also be found in the workplace, the home, and restaurants. While chalkboards can be manufactured from a variety of materials, porcelain enamel is the most common material used in today's chalkboard.
The origins of the chalkboard date back to the early decades of the 19th century. The forerunner of the chalkboard was the small, paddle-shaped hornbook. This item had been in use in schools of medieval England, and by the time of the Revolutionary War era in colonial America, it was carried by legions of students.
The hornbook was a strip of wood with a piece of paper fastened onto it. On the paper were a variety of learning aids in small print. A typical hornbook would carry both the Lord's Prayer and the alphabet, and a translucent sheet of animal horn covered the paper. The hornbooks were small objects, sometimes with a hole at the bottom so they could be tied on a string and worn about the neck.
all very fascinating and educational.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized on September 1, 2015 by Regina.


text:
Art & Music ›
The ECCC Visual Art Program annually hosts a Student Art Exhibition in April in Vickers Fine Arts Center Auditorium.
The exhibition features drawings, paintings, sculpture and designs produced by EC students during the most recent school year.
Students whose work was featured in April 2018 were:
Halley Brooks, Marqez Wheaton, and Joshua Sanders, all of Carthage; Joe Prine of Louin, Keli Smith, Amber Self, Edith Alvarez and Sean Creason, all of Forest; RaShad Triplett of Louisville, Kenneth Blake McMillian and Cassidy Jenkins, both of Philadelphia; Shelby Kennedy of Decatur, William Kendall Roebuck of Newton, and Justice Battle of Lake.
Kendall Roebuck of Newton received "Best in Show" honors during the annual East Central Community College Art Exhibit, for his piece titled "Treasure." Awards were presented during the opening reception for the exhibit Monday, April 16, in the Vickers Fine Arts Center on the Decatur campus.
These students received top honors during the annual East Central Community College Art Exhibit, which were awarded during the opening reception Monday, April 16, in the Vickers Fine Arts Center on the Decatur campus. The exhibit, which features drawings, paintings, sculpture and design by numerous ECCC students, will be open through Monday, April 23, and there is no charge for admission. Pictured are (from left) ECCC art instructor LeeReyna Leyva, Kendall Roebuck of Newton, Best in Show, first place in three-dimensional design, and third place in drawing; Keli Smith of Forest, second place in three-dimensional design; Blake McMillan of Philadelphia, first place in design; Halley Brooks of Carthage, first and second place in drawing, second place in design, and second place in painting; Joe Prine of Louin, first place in painting; Justice Battle of Lake, third place in three-dimensional design; and ECCC art instructor Jeffrey Hodges.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.adapter.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.Entry;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.ResourceTypeConstants;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.SphU;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.Tracer;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.adapter.servlet.callback.WebCallbackManager;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.adapter.servlet.config.WebServletConfig;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.context.ContextUtil;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;

/***
 * Servlet filter for all requests.
 *
 * @author youji.zj
 */
public class CommonTotalFilter implements Filter {

    public static final String TOTAL_URL_REQUEST = "total-url-request";

    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) {

    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
                         FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest sRequest = (HttpServletRequest)request;

        Entry entry = null;
        try {
            ContextUtil.enter(WebServletConfig.WEB_SERVLET_CONTEXT_NAME);
            entry = SphU.entry(TOTAL_URL_REQUEST, ResourceTypeConstants.COMMON_WEB);
            chain.doFilter(request, response);
        } catch (BlockException e) {
            HttpServletResponse sResponse = (HttpServletResponse)response;
            WebCallbackManager.getUrlBlockHandler().blocked(sRequest, sResponse, e);
        } catch (IOException | ServletException | RuntimeException e2) {
            Tracer.trace(e2);
            throw e2;
        } finally {
            if (entry != null) {
                entry.exit();
            }
            ContextUtil.exit();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }

}


text:
Focusing on Germany and the UK pays dividends for Redefine International
Posted On Thursday, 29 October 2015 23:37	Published by	eProperty News
Redefine International CEO Mike Watters believes the refocusing of the group's strategy to invest only in Germany and the UK has made its 2015 financial year a success.
Redefine International CEO Mike Watters believes the refocusing of the group's strategy to invest only in Europe's largest economies, Germany and the UK, has made its 2015 financial year a success and laid a strong foundation for next year.
Mr Watters said his plan was for Redefine International to become a FTSE 250 company competing with companies such as JSE-listed Capital & Counties, which owns prime retail and residential assets, and Intu Properties, which has exposure to the best malls in the UK.
South African-based Redefine Properties owns 30.07% of Redefine International.
Redefine International's earnings available for distribution increased 13.6% to £44.4m (R930m) in the year ended August, Mr Watters said. Its market capitalisation was recorded at £800m and its assets were worth £1bn, he said.
"Following a busy year which has been defined by a major refocusing of the business, we have announced a solid set of results, which show an increase in earnings and net asset value, as well as reduced leverage."
Redefine International sold out of the rest of its investment in Australian company Cromwell Property Group and also its investments in Swiss property.
"Our continued disciplined investment approach, following a successful equity raise in March, meant that a large cash balance was held throughout the second half of the financial year causing a temporary cash drag on earnings available for distribution," Mr Watters said.
"However, this cash, together with the proceeds of the Cromwell share sale, has now been deployed in the Aegon property transaction, and our confidence, given the quality of the enlarged portfolio and the outlook, is reflected in an increased dividend of 3.25p per share for the year."
The Aegon transaction entailed the acquisition of a portfolio of mostly retail and office assets from Scottish insurance group Aegon for R9bn.
The company concluded a separate deal to acquire Banbury Cross Retail Park for R1.09bn.
Peter Clark, a portfolio manager at Investec Asset Management, said that even though the results fell slightly short of expectations, the prospects were positive in the long term.
"Overall the results were slightly below what the market was expecting mainly due to cash drag as the proceeds from the equity raise in the beginning of the year took longer to deploy than expected.
"We expect Redefine International will be able to continue to meet its strategy of delivering an attractive income yield to investors with inflation-hedging properties," said Mr Clark.
source Business Day
Last modified on Friday, 30 October 2015 00:12
Redefine International
Mike Watters
JSE
Intu Properties
Investec Asset Management
Retail industry on a recovery path as investors, developers commit to rebuilding
Generate your own electricity, community housing schemes advised
Dipula considers strategic relationship with Resilient in R1 billion deal that will optimise capital structure and unlock shareholder value
More in this category: SA REITs excel among South Africa's top listed companies Pivotal Fund concludes landmark co-ownership deal for 160 hectare Germiston prime industrial property land


Welcome to the Northborough/Southborough chapter of Neighbor Brigade! Our chapter was formed in March 2010. Whether you are seeking assistance or looking to provide help to another, you've come to the right place. Our volunteer chapter leaders donate time to coordinate the needs of families in crisis with the volunteers who want to help. Read on to learn more about their passion for Neighbor Brigade, and help us spread the word! We are always looking to expand our presence here in Northborough and Southborough among volunteers and potential recipients alike.
Judy has been a resident and active community member of Northborough since 2003. A real estate sales professional by trade, Judy feels everyone deserves quality of life. She supports her community in many ways but through her involvement with Neighbor Brigade, Judy sees her efforts instantly help those in need. Giving back is one way Judy shows her gratitude for the many blessings she has.
Mary has been an active member of the Northborough community since 1999. She and her husband, Michael, have two children who attended the Northborough Public Schools and are now in college. Mary began Northborough Angels in 2004, which in 2010 became the Northborough Neighbor Brigade. Today, the Northborough/Southborough Neighbor Brigade volunteers are serving families in both communities. Mary finds so much comfort in hearing from recipients whose lives were made a little bit easier because of this ... neighbors helping neighbors.
Val Hickey has lived in Southborough since 2014. She is an elementary school teacher by profession. Val has also spent many years coaching high school lacrosse and volunteering her time to youth sports clinics. Val has three young children who love "helping" with Neighbor Brigade service opportunities. Val is passionate about helping others and showing her children the importance of community service.


text:
László Kovács (ur. 3 lipca 1939 w Budapeszcie) – węgierski polityk, działacz komunistyczny, parlamentarzysta,  minister spraw zagranicznych (1994–1998 i 2002–2004), od 1998 do 2004 lider Węgierskiej Partii Socjalistycznej (MSZP), komisarz Unii Europejskiej ds. podatków i unii celnej w latach 2004–2010 w komisji José Barroso.

Życiorys
W latach 1963–1968 studiował na stołecznym Uniwersytecie Ekonomicznym. Był długoletnim działaczem Węgierskiej Socjalistycznej Partii Robotniczej. Pracował w komunistycznej młodzieżówce (1966–1975), następnie w wydziale spraw zagranicznych komitetu centralnego partii komunistycznej. W latach 1986–1989 pełnił funkcję wiceministra spraw zagranicznych, następnie do 1990 sekretarza stanu w tym resorcie. Od 1990 członek prezydium Węgierskiej Partii Socjalistycznej, od 1998 do 2004 był przewodniczącym tej partii. Działał w Międzynarodówce Socjalistycznej jako jej wiceprzewodniczący (2003–2008).

W latach 1990–2004 zasiadał w Zgromadzeniu Narodowym czterech kadencji, pełniąc m.in. obowiązki przewodniczącego komisji spraw zagranicznych (1993–1994) oraz przewodniczącego frakcji socjalistów (1998–2000). Dwukrotnie – w latach 1994–1998 i 2002–2004 – stał na czele węgierskiej dyplomacji. W 1995 sprawował funkcję przewodniczącego OBWE.

W 2004 rząd wysunął go na komisarza ds. energetyki w nowo tworzonym składzie Komisji Europejskiej. W związku z brakiem poparcia w Parlamencie Europejskim przesunięto go na stanowisko komisarza ds. podatków i unii celnej. Funkcję tę pełnił od listopada 2004 do lutego 2010. Powrócił następnie do krajowego polityki, w kadencji 2010–2014 ponownie sprawował mandat poselski w Zgromadzeniu Narodowym.

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Komisarze Unii Europejskiej
Odznaczeni Orderem Zasługi (Norwegia)
Politycy Węgierskiej Partii Socjalistycznej
Węgierscy komuniści
Węgierscy wiceministrowie
Węgierscy ministrowie spraw zagranicznych
Ludzie urodzeni w Budapeszcie
Urodzeni w 1939

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


www.officemaxfeedback.com – Do you want to modify your office table? Or want to add more entertainment and excitement to your work? If your answer is yes, then you must wait anymore and visit the Office Max Outlet and get the quality stationary goods that will make your work easy and hassle-free.
To know more the customer's likes and dislikes, Office Max has started conducting a survey called office max survey, where people can give their suggestions and feedback at the Office Max feedback platform.
By completing the Office Max Survey, you not only give ideas to company to improve their goods and services but also, you will get a chance to win a $10 or $50 off coupon.
Office Max really value the needs and demands of its customers and they are always ready to provide the best possible services to its customers and that is the sole reason, Office Max has created a platform where they can interact with the taste and preferences of their customers and allow them to have a satisfactory experience with the Office Max.
In this section, we are going to talk about the background and the current progress of the Office Max. Typically, Office Max focuses on the products like paper materials, computer, furniture, cartridges, stationary, and toner.
It is one of the companies that you cannot resist to visit or to interact. Because, office max is reliable and credible enough to provide all the facilities and utilities that your office or work place demands.
There are basic requirements which the office max survey demands. In order to complete the survey effectively, you need to have the things listed below.
You need to have a Laptop or a Smartphone.
An uncompromised internet connection is must.
Recent receipt of the Office Max.
Complete information of the survey such as – time, date, and store number etc.
You need to have a good knowledge of your last visit at the Jack in the box.
You must have the basic understanding of English and Spanish language.
Under this section, we are going to provide you a step by step guide that will help you to complete the Office Max Survey at www.officemax.com.
Follow the instructions carefully given below.
Go to the official website of Office Max Survey at – officemaxfeedback.com.
Keep your receipt handy to eliminate the errors.
On the survey page, you will be asked many questions about the quality of goods and services which you need answer as per your last visit.
You must keep in mind that the coupon is not valid after 30 days.
After giving answers of all the questions, you need to give your contact details or a valid email address.
Lastly, click on the Submit.
You will be notified about your rewards through an email.
We hope that the Office Max Feedback Survey which you have completed at – www.officemaxfeedback.com allowed you to win $10 or $50 reward coupons. We would like to hear your experience which you can mention in the comments section below.


text:
From the Stands: Schnarr Continues – November 13th, 2018
From the Stands Nate Schnarr Paul Osborne
By: Paul Osborne
Guelph Storm forward Nate Schnarr's signature jump into the glass after scoring a goal is becoming a very common sight in Ontario Hockey League rinks this year. The Waterloo native is tied for eighth in goals scoring with 14 goals in 19 games. He also has 14 assists making him the Storm's point's leader. Considering he only had 16 goals in 57 games last season, it is safe to say he is emerging as a very dangerous player.
Seven of those goals have come on the powerplay, where he trails only Kingston's Jason Robertson who has eight. Schnarr's favourite spot is off to the goaltenders right just inside the top of the circle where he waits for a pass from teammates like Isaac Ratcliffe or Ryan Merkley.
"A lot of credit is going to my line mates," he said. "I get a lot of great passes and a lot of credit goes to our special teams and I owe all my (success) to my teammates in the dressing room."
The third round draft pick of Arizona also credits the Coyotes player development coach and former NHLer Mark Bell. Bell has helped him maximize his opportunities when employing his one-timer from the slot.
"I think it's about relaxing," said Schnarr. "Mark just told me to relax, relax the upper body. When I get too stiff up top it doesn't come off (my stick) right. I'm not trying to pick that corner perfectly I'm just trying to get the shot on net."
And it's not about picking corners either with the one-timer; it's about getting the shot off as quickly and as hard as possible.
"You don't look at the goalie, you just focus on the net and try to put it through him," said the right-handed shot who had a hat trick in Friday's 4-3 win over Barrie. "It's about finding the right areas, not playing a perimeter game. You want to get on top of the crease, you want to get dirty and bang in the dirty goals."
Storm coach George Burnett said that Schnarr was healthy and for the first time coming into the season and started to figure it all out.
"Absolutely but I think long before that, the reports we got this summer from people that he worked with who he didn't have to work with, it was all about him doing extra," he said. "He was highly motivated knowing he had an entire summer to prepare. The injuries are behind him, he's strong, he's opportunistic and I think he shows an excellent example around this group daily in practice. He keeps things light, even when things are not light, and he's being rewarded for his hard work."
Schnarr knows the goals are going in right now but also feels he is stronger mentally to battle through the little slumps that will inevitably come.
"I had high expectations for myself," he said coming into this season. "Don't take a day from granted. It's about coming to the rink every day and getting better."
From the Land of Oz … The Storm lost 2-1 in Windsor Saturday after a eight round shootout … This weekend the Storm has a rare Friday-Saturday doubleheader with Flint in town Friday night and London here Saturday for a 3:30 game. That game will be featured on Sportsnet.


text:
A city-center pastor speaks from the intersection of life and faith.
On November 30, 2017 November 30, 2017 By thallfpcp
"Now learn this lesson from the fig tree: As soon as its twigs get tender and its leaves come out, you know that summer is near." Mark 13:28
Seventeen years ago, our son Patrick went off to The Citadel, the military college in Charleston, SC. Freshmen start with Hell Week. Like basic training, it's tough; they cut off your hair and yell at you. But Patrick quit before the week was over and came home.
Jana and I were crushed.
But then Patrick learned there are worse things than being a freshman at The Citadel. Like feeling sorry for yourself. Like not having a reason to get up in the morning. The next summer Patrick decided to try again. But this time, the upperclassman would know that he'd quit. Things would be even harder.
When the day came to go back to The Citadel, Patrick was so scared that he was sick. As we drove along, we passed a Huddle House restaurant in a small town. It had a sign which read, "Be still and know that I am God." None of us said anything, but Patrick had seen it. He later told us that right then, he was at peace. During Hell Week and beyond, when he was scared or lonely, he remembered that verse, and he made it through.
Hope came for our son when he was most vulnerable.
That's Jesus' point in Mark 13:28. In the spring when the twigs of a tree are tender, that's when leaves emerge. But that's also when the tree is most vulnerable to a killing freeze.
We spend our lives trying to show that we're successful, confident, and in-charge. The problem with that is, who can tell you that you need a savior? Jesus says that hope comes to us, not when we're pulled together, but when we're vulnerable.
And so, hope comes to us at Christmas through a tiny baby, the most vulnerable thing in God's creation
fig treehopeThe Citadelvulnerable
No app for that
The children in the story
Following the science
Odd truth
PAH on Fourth great
janicekblog on Mission and rest
thallfpcp on Caffeine and the Spirit
Nancy M. Turis on Caffeine and the Spirit


Hotel Roma Reial - 1 star hotels - Barcelona. Hotel Roma Reial just steps away from La Rambla Ramblas in the beautiful Placa Reial in the gothic area of Barcelona. This is a central location for exploring many sights of Barcelona and within walking distance of Plaça Catalunya, the port vell marina and the Boqueria market. The hotel offers basic facilities and all the rooms have bathroom. The Plaza Reial has many bars, restaurants and clubs so it can be lively at night. Total number of rooms 52.


Now in its 50th year, the International Baccalaureate (IB) programme is taught by over 4,000 schools to over one million students across the world. The programme encourages students to become active, compassionate and lifelong learners from the age of three to 19.
The IB aims to develop inquiring, knowledgeable and caring young people who will help to create a better and more peaceful world through intercultural understanding and respect. It helps children grow in self-confidence and become more open-minded.
What makes the IB especially distinctive is the way that the programme encourages students to be more globally aware, to learn through real-world experiences, to be active within their local communities and to develop a love of learning that goes beyond academic study.
Although widely viewed by parents as an excellent way to prepare for life at university and the 'world of work', the IB programme is actually available for students aged three to 19 years old. The global nature of IB means it is becoming increasingly more appealing to many parents seeking an alternative to a national curriculum route.
The Primary Years Programme covers six transdisciplinary themes that help children gain a better understanding about who they are, how they express themselves, how the world works and how to share the finite resources of the planet. However, the focus is equally on grounding a student in the universal skills that they will use throughout their life – developing independence, thinking for themselves, and gaining an understanding of the world around them.
The Middle Years Programme covers eight subject areas (language acquisition, language & literature, individuals & societies, sciences, mathematics, arts, physical & health education, and design). The Programme develops a student's skills of analysis. It challenges them to think about, and make connections between, what they learn in the classroom and the world around them. Throughout the Middle Years Programme teachers will nurture each student's individual strengths, encouraging them to help themselves and one another to understand the curriculum.
The Diploma Programme is the pathway programme designed to help students prepare for higher education and the world of work. The Programme includes some unique elements including the preparation of an extended 4,000-word essay on a subject of the student's choosing. Students are also introduced to the unique Theory of Knowledge course which encourages them to reflect on the nature of knowledge and the factors that have an impact on how people learn. This element of the course – which is assessed through an independently researched, 1,600-word essay and presentation – is felt by many to be an excellent preparation for the academic rigours of university life, giving students insight into how to study most effectively. Alongside their academic studies students are also expected to carry out some form of creativity, activity, service (CAS) project to demonstrate perseverance and initiative, as well as help them to develop further skills such as collaboration, problem solving and decision making.
Why opt for the IB?
Many families now see the IB as the perfect passport to the world's leading universities and most desirable jobs. The independent research skills that are taught and the inter-disciplinary subjects that are offered on the IB Diploma Programme allow students to progress particularly well on undergraduate degree courses that require good writing abilities, numeracy and analytical skills. Such is their level of preparedness for university life that students who have studied the IB at school have the lowest dropout rate.
A recent study showed that Diploma Programme graduates are also better prepared than non-IB graduates in 21st century skills, such as critical thinking, problem-solving, global mindedness, cultural sensitivity and leadership. The transferable skills learnt during an IB education are especially attractive to leading employers who are keen to recruit graduates who can demonstrate the ability to make connections between what they have learnt and the real-world business challenges that their organisation is facing. Companies also appreciate the global nature of the IB as it enables more easily a direct comparison between the results of a candidate from London with, for example, another candidate from Singapore.
Why study at Southbank International School?
Southbank International School is a co-educational IB school for children age 3 to 19 with over 60 nationalities on its roll. The school is London's leading IB World school, academically successful and rated 'Outstanding' in all areas by Ofsted. Many of its students go on to study at the world's top universities including Oxford, Cambridge, Yale, and Harvard. The school currently has threes campuses in Hampstead, Kensington, and Westminster and has expanded the facilities of its Westminster campus with a new building (opened in September 2018) to cope with the growing demand for places.


An old game with a new Alaskan twist. The outhouse card is the 'old maid' and 17 Alaska scenes are the pairs to collect.
Play any matching game, including GO FISH and MEMORY.
Jigsaw puzzle with 27 pieces that make a 7-ft long ABC animal train.
12 cubes make 6 Alaska pictures.
Companion puzzle to our children's book "How Animal Moms Love Their Babies."
12 cubes make 6 Alaska pictures, that is , Moose, Bear, Whales, Dall sheep, Sea Otters, and Puffins.
Choose from the Alaska Flag bandanna or the Alaska wildlife bandanna.
Alaska Wildlife Bandanna comes in the following colors: Red, Chambray, Turquoise, Royal Blue, Forest Green, Wine, Khaki, Yellow, Olive, Orange, Hot Pink, Light Blue, Brown, Mint Green, Gold, Grey, Lime Green, and Light Pink.


text:
Fact The Day in Photos – August 30, 2017
Four actors on horseback dressed in Game of Thrones related costumes carry the Queen's Baton as they make their way way along the Dark Hedges on August 29, 2017 in Antrim, Northern Ireland. The Dark Hedges near Stranocum in County Antrim featured as the King's Road in season two of Game of Thrones and has become a tourist mecca for fans of the television series along with other filming locations in the province. The Queen's Baton Relay is currently on a tour of the United Kingdom as it makes its way around Europe in preparation for the 2018 Commonwealth Games in Australia. (Photo by Charles McQuillan/Getty Images)
Fact The Day in Photos – September 30, 2017
Furniture design "Chair" by Allen Jones ( £600,000-800,000) is seen at Christie's London on September 29, 2017 in London, England. Christie's Auction House is to sell millions of pounds worth of art and design from the 20th and 21st centuries during Frieze Week from October 3rd to October 7th. (Photo by Nils Jorgensen/Rex Features/Shutterstock)
A participant in costume uses a mobile phone at a Halloween event in Kawasaki, south of Tokyo, Japan October 29, 2017. (Photo by Kim Kyung-Hoon/Reuters)
Fact The Day in Photos – December 30, 2017
A follower of the Afro-Brazilian religion Umbanda pays tribute for Iemanja, goddess of the sea, in Copacabana Beach in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil December 29, 2017. Hundreds of practitioners of Brazil's Afro-Brazilian Candomble and Umbanda faiths have gathered at Rio de Janeiro's Copacabana beach to honor Yemanja. Worshippers were mostly dressed in white as they launched their offerings to Iemanja: small boats with flowers and bowls with candles and fruits. (Photo by Ricardo Moraes/Reuters)
Fact The Day in Photos – May 30, 2017
Riot security forces clash with demonstrators as a motorcycle is set on fire during a protest against Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro's government in San Cristobal, Venezuela May 29, 2017. (Photo by Carlos Eduardo Ramirez/Reuters)
Fact The Day in Photos – March 30, 2017
France's Simon Billy gets ready to practice speed skiing on the Chabriere ski slope in Vars, on March 29, 2017. (Photo by Jean-Pierre Clatot/AFP Photo)
Fact The Day in Photos – July 30, 2017
Cosplay fans (R) take selfies as comic book and gaming fans attend the annual Ani-Com and Games Fair in Hong Kong on July 28, 2017. Tens of thousands were expected to attend the annual event on animation, comics and games, from July 28 to August 1. (Photo by Isaac Lawrence/AFP Photo)
Fact The Day in Photos – April 30, 2017
A model, painted by the artist Avi Ram from Airbrush Hero, poses for a photo as part of a calendar project, at the Tower of David in Jerusalem's Old City, April 27, 2017. (Photo by Ronen Zvulun/Reuters)
Carnival+2014 | fifa 10 pc game | IDF | sick AND 1=1 | amphibious ship | Meteor | cobra helicopter' and 'x'='y | salon+du+chocolat | nude+fashion+show+AND+1=1 | policemen,+part+i | vampire+diaries+s06e10 | adobe acrobat | snow owl | hindi hd videos songs | giselle+mari+kendra+lust | modern+physics+books | Uae+army | Jaime I | irma | vallejo | mr robot season | PROVOCATIVE | lost+in+the+sun | minions 2015 hd 720p | the+brass+teapot+2012


Situated within the Court Colman Manor Hotel, Northstone Studios is the brainchild of a long-term patron, obsessive instrumentalist, and friend of Court Colman – Jayce Lewis.
Jayce's passion for production and background in engineering and design led to him embarking on a mammoth renovation of the 250-year old Victorian building at Court Colman. The transformation from a once derelict site to stunning modern residential studios exemplifies the determination and vision Jayce possesses. He's carefully preserved a vintage feel with a nod to the historic past of the building whilst successfully creating a space for modern and classic acoustic demands.
Home to a bespoke customised console desk designed by Jayce himself, this room has been purpose built and acoustically tested and treated for sound behaviour ensuring the most faithful reproduction of recording and mixing. This architecturally stunning room is kitted out with state-of-the-art recording equipment from AMS Neve (vintage and modern), Rupert Neve, Solid State Logic and an extremely rare set of Prosser preamps, as used on Queen's Bohemian Rhapsody and by greats such as Oasis, Coldplay, Motorhead and Black Sabbath.
A spacious mid-ceiling long room used for vocals, mic'n guitar cab, piano and strings.
Blessed with solid high walls and a spacious high-pitched ceiling. The acoustics of this room capture the pure essence of any natural instrument having been designed by musicians for musicians.
Due to our unique location at Court Colman, we also have the added benefit of utilising two extensive rooms within the hotel – the Ball Room and the Garden Room. Both rooms provide an outstanding natural reverberation for large ensembles such as orchestras and choirs.
Northstone Studios are ideally located in Pen-y-Fai, Bridgend, between Cardiff and Swansea in the beautiful South Wales countryside and minutes from the M4.


The Fellowship was fortunate enough to obtain a copy of PLAGUE DOKTOR from Fifth Dimension Comics. David M. Brown writes and Dennis Coyle III draws.
The Black Plague ravaged Europe in the 14th century, killing at least a quarter of the population. A few brave souls tried to help with what little medical skills existed in that time. These were known as Plague Doktors, and our protagonist, Nils, was one. Nils thinks he knows the cause of the plague, and he's trying to chase down the source, who is disguised as a plague doktor himself. But Nils' story is much darker than even the Dark Ages, and the source is connected to Nils in ways he can't yet imagine.
Nils has a destiny that he's desperate to escape, a story with layers of horror, both natural and supernatural, lying beneath. His is a journey that takes him a long way from his beginnings (no spoilers here, though). The visual style of the book is impressive in its detail, showing us the horror of reality as well as the allure of the unreal with striking imagery.
This is a very personal story with a very wide-ranging scope, which turns out to not be as contradictory as it may seem. (And these guys are really good at handling their Kickstarter campaigns.) I highly recommend this book.
PLAGUE DOKTOR is available now on Kickstarter, or online at the Fifth Dimension Comics website.


We collect data from hundreds of sources. Official authorities as well as other established industry partners such as airlines and airports. This data we compile in our extensive database. We've developed a system where we combine software as well as manual checks to assure our data is always up to date. That way Aviation-Edge can deliver accurate data to our clients in a quick and easy manner. On top of this we offer complete support all the way through your implementation process and thereafter.
Created by developers for developers to build great platforms.
There are endless uses and you wouldn't be on this website if you didn't already know what you wanted to use the data for. But if you feel that Aviation-Edge is missing something that we didn't think about, feel free to reach out to us.


Many things drive scientists and technologists from across multiple disciplines to join DARPA as program managers and technical office directors. The most common theme, however, is service to country. At DARPA, these visionaries are charged with creating and preventing technological surprise in support of U.S. national security. For Bradford Tousley, a former DARPA program manager who recently returned to DARPA to assume leadership of the Tactical Technology Office (TTO), service to country spans generations.
Dr. Steven H. Walker, Deputy Director for DARPA, has received the 2013 Clarence L. "Kelly" Johnson Skunk Works Award from the Engineers' Council.
After decades of technical research and leadership experience as a university professor, small defense business owner and science and technology advisor to the Department of Defense, Nils R. Sandell Jr. is fulfilling a long held desire—joining DARPA. Sandell will lead DARPA's Strategic Technology Office (STO) and accelerate innovation in assured access, ISR, communications, navigation, electronic warfare and other areas focused on shaping the environment.
The Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics, Ms. Ellen M. Lord, today announced the appointment of Dr. Steven H. Walker as the 21st director of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). A former DARPA program manager, deputy office director, and office director, Walker has devoted 13 of his more than 30 years of public service to the Agency and been a key figure in advancing the science and technologies associated with hypersonic flight and rapid access to space.


Big Tasty Hybrid #C110 (20 seeds). For a compact plant, Big Tasty produces plenty of 8 to 10 inch long cucumbers that are dark green in color. They are crisp and delicious, and perfect for salads or a refreshing cucumber sandwich. Because the vine is smaller, you can plant closer together, maximizing your use of garden space. Excellent disease resistance package. 62 days.


DOHA: The 2017 Tour of Qatar and Ladies Tour of Qatar, the prime events the Gulf nation has been hosting for several years, were cancelled due to lack of sponsorship.
"The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) has today received notice of the cancellation of both the Tour of Qatar and Ladies Tour of Qatar. It is understood the decision follows difficulty attracting sponsor financial support," the sport's world governing body announced on its website on Wednesday.
The Tour of Qatar, first organised in 2002, was part of the UCI Asia Tour until this year. The 2017 edition was upgraded to the UCI World Tour for the first time.
Men's competition featured five stages, and the women's event, launched in 2009, had been held over four stages, a week before the men's race.
Because Qatar is entirely flat, the tour is almost always won by a sprinter or classics specialist. Belgian Tom Boonen and Dutchwoman Kirsten Wild hold the record with four overall wins, in the men's and ladies' competition respectively.


text:
Liberian governmental flags
Keywords: star: 5 points (white) | stripes: 11 | shield | presidential | stars: 4 |
Presidential flag
Still in use?
Presidential flag as of 1955
Vice-Presidential flag
Liberian naval flags
[⚓]
image by António Martins, 16 August 2009
German TV reported today (ZDF, "heute-Journal", 21.45-22.00) on Liberian president Charles Taylor, his imminent abdication etc. The presidential flag was shown several times (behind Taylor together with the national flag; as car flag together with the national flag). Although it was not totally unfurled, it didn't look like the reported flag. Instead of the shield in the form of the national flag it obviously showed the coat-of-arms in the center (plus the four stars in the corners).
Marcus Schmöger, 6 July 2003
Different sources from different dates show different Liberian presidential flags. I don't suppose that we will be able to trace exact dates of the changes of these.
Željko Heimer, 9 May 2002
There seems to be photographic evidence of both flags in use recently, although scarce for the one with the simpler arms: The "new" flag, with the full coats of arms (ship etc.), was in use still in Pres. Taylor's time (as reported by Marcus Schmöger, 06 Jul 2003, above), while Pres. Sirleaf is some times shown using the "former" flag. It cannot be a mistake; my guess is that each flag represent a separate office, both held by the same person — maybe President and Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces?
António Martins, 21 February 2012
On 11 August 2009, "World News Today" on BBC4 tv carried a report on reconstruction in Liberia after the civil war, and there was an interview with the President in her office. Behind her were the national flag and what one would assume is the presidential flag. We can't say from this screen grab that the flag is square (it could equally easily be the same ratio as the national flag), or that it has a white star in each corner. However, it is clearly not the earlier flag and it is consistent with what was reported in 2003.
André Coutanche, 13 August 2009
A photo of President Sirleaf said to be taken on 16 Jan 2007, the anniversary of her assumption of the presidency, shows the new flag.
Ned Smith, 17 August 2009
More (mostly inconclusive) photos of the Presidential flag:
President Sirleaf in Rwanda (yellow fringe)
Flag with one star — visible — and arms.
Apparently arms in centre, and one star in each corner.
Jan Mertens, 13 August 2009
From these photos (that one in particular) looks very much that it has to be rectangular, not square.
These images clearly shows yellow, not white, scrolls.
António Martins, 16 August 2009
image by Željko Heimer, 16 May 2002
A blue square field with one white star in each corner, representing the Supreme Commander, and a centered shield in the form of the national flag (shield outlined in gold; upper part blue with a white star; lower part, eleven vertical alternating red and white stripes). «Whether this is actually in use is in doubt, in view of the civil war in Liberia since 1990.» (Sources: [rya97], [pie90] and [smi80])
Since the Liberia flag is influenced by the US flag, then I guess that this flag was influenced by the former flag of the US President (blue rectangle, US coat of arms in centre, four white stars in the corner.)
Zachary Harden, 7 July 2003
One interesting fact is that the shield violates the rules of heraldry by having an odd number of red stripes, thus placing a blue chief (color) on a red shield (also color). The US solves this by changing the stripes to seven white, six red.
Nathan Lamm, 7 July 2003
This flag came into use after WWII, as the first mention that I am aware of is in [smi75c]. Possibly it is from 1965 as are the provincial flags, introduced by president Tubman. Also, possibly that the flag was abandoned with his era, too? Do we have any "modern" confirmation of this flag?
President Tubman died and was succeeded by President Tolbert, who was overthrown and killed in a military coup in April 1980.
John Ayer, 9 May 2002
On this photo (at the official website), red and white stripes on the President's left.
Webarchive has many past iterations of the Executive Mansion website from 23 Feb 2007 to 14 Feb 2008. They do not show the same photo of the President with the flag and striped shield. It seems that was added sometime after 14 Feb 2008 — would they add a photo then with an outdated flag? Or have they since reverted to the old version?
Admirality 1955 book [hms55] shows 2:3 presidential flag with shield as in Album 2000 [pay00], but without the four stars.
Željko Heimer, 11 May 2002, quoting Jaume Ollé
Flaggenbuch (1939-1941) [neu92] has flag that is virtually the same as the latter flag of military authorities, 2:3 blue flag with pally shield and star. The minor difference (black line around the shield, size of the charges) are probably of no significance.
National Geographic Magazine (1917.10) [gmc17] has a variation of this that is square with yet different artistic rendition of the shield.
This flag has the number 765 in the flag number of National Geographic Magazine (1917.10) [gmc17].
Željko Heimer, 10 May 2002
Probably the Liberian Vice President's flag was seen on a photo, at the office (also probably) of the current VP and President of the Senate, Mr. Joseph N. Boakai. White field bearing a red-and-white striped shield having a blue chief with a white star?
Definitely so. Photo at the official website shows the same, although also inconclusive about the details. It would seem that the basic pattern of the US office flags is followed also in this case, as in the (multiple) presidential flags: The US vice-president also uses a white flag with the coat of arms in the middle.
A photo using this flag can be found at http://www.liberianobserver.com/news/boakai-resists-gay-marriage-embraces-fgm
David Phillips, 2 February 2014


Let's face it, who doesn't love a good holiday? There's nothing better than jetting off across the globe for some much-needed relaxation and to spend some time away from work and school with our friends and family.
However, there is one insect that is just waiting to spoil your holiday – mosquitoes!
Thankfully there are a couple things you can do to avoid mosquito bites. These tips will help avoid spending endless days of itching and scratching those irritating bites.
Luckily organisations such as the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, and The World Health Organization, have all this information available. A simple google search will let you see which areas are hotspots for diseases such as dengue and yellow fever.
Wearing lightly coloured clothing is a good way to avoid being bitten by mosquitoes.
When it comes to avoiding mosquito bites insect repellent is your best friend!
These times of the day are often cooler and less windy making conditions more favourable conditions for mosquitoes.
Now I know this may sound ridiculous as long sleeves and warm climates aren't exactly a match made in heaven, but this doesn't mean you have to wear jeans and a jumper.
Long sleeved t-shirts and linen trousers are both good options.
If you're worried about mosquitos when travelling it's a good idea to check that your accommodation has either mosquito nets around the bed, or insect screens on the doors and windows.
There are many discussions online around eating certain types of food such as garlic can help repel mosquitoes.
Hello. That's a really useful article. I wish I had stumbled upon it a bit earlier when I was visiting Brazil. Anyway, your tips are handy, but I could share some more which I have discovered on this page – https://pestcontrolhacks.com/get-rid-of-mosquitoes-and-sand-flies/ and liked it a lot.
– wear light-colored clothes with no openings.
Hope these would be useful.


text:
Anonymous asked in Politics & GovernmentLaw & Ethics · 1 decade ago
Who came up with the names Jane Doe and John Doe for unknown people?
ira a
The "John Doe" custom dates back to the reign of England's King Edward III, during the legal debate over something called the Acts of Ejectment. This debate involved a hypothetical landowner, referred to as "John Doe," who leased land to another man, the equally fictitious "Richard Roe," who then took the land as his own and "ejected," or evicted, poor "John Doe."
These names -- John Doe and Richard Roe -- had no particular significance, aside from "Doe" (a female deer) and "Roe" (a small species of deer found in Europe) being commonly known nouns at the time. But the debate became a hallmark of legal theory, and the name "John Doe" in particular gained wide currency in both the legal world and general usage as a generic stand-in for any unnamed person. "John Doe" and "Richard Roe" are, to this day, mandated in legal procedure as the first and second names given to unknown defendants in a case (followed, if necessary, by "John Stiles" and "Richard Miles"). The name "Jane Doe," a logical female equivalent, is used in many state jurisdictions, but if the case is federal, the unnamed defendant is dubbed "Mary Major."
In Friedman v. Ferguson, 850 F.2d 689 (4th Cir. 1988), the plaintiff pro se somewhat famously used the following creative variations on John Doe: Brett Boe, Carla Coe, Donna Doe, Frank Foe, Grace Goe, Harry Hoe, Marta Moe, Norma Noe, Paula Poe, Ralph Roe, Sammy Soe, Tommy Toe, Vince Voe, William Woe, Xerxes Xoe.
Source(s): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_doe
Because Antonio Pedrovna, Joseph Rosenburg, Kimiko Yamamoto and Ishmael Yusuf Mohammed would require spelling and a thought process.
Can my boss fire me for sleeping with his daughter?
What would happen if I went bowling at the grocery store?
In the state of California can I donate a piece of my body (finger, arm, leg) to another person to eat?
If Trump's never done anything wrong, how he's gone about grow through three wives and God knows how many whores?
can the police hold you responbile for a crime and there is no evidence or eye witness to it They are using probable cause ?
In the UK how many people die yearly because they didn't have a gun to defend themselves with ?
what is the difference between just and unjust laws?
Is there something I or my parents can do about this school issue?
Prop 65 California warning on Hyper x cloud 2 headset?


00:08 Bun-Bun transforms into a Helicoptor and strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Demolition is slightly damaged (99% power remaining). Demolition is slightly damaged (98% power remaining). Demolition is slightly damaged (94% power remaining). Demolition is slightly damaged (91% power remaining). Demolition is slightly damaged (88% power remaining). Demolition is slightly damaged (87% power remaining).
00:12 Demolition transforms into a Weapon and strafes Bun-Bun. Demolition strafes Bun-Bun. Demolition strafes Bun-Bun. Demolition strafes Bun-Bun. Demolition strafes Bun-Bun. Demolition strafes Bun-Bun. Bun-Bun is slightly damaged (85% power remaining). Bun-Bun is slightly damaged (76% power remaining). Bun-Bun is injured (71% power remaining). Bun-Bun is injured (64% power remaining). Bun-Bun is injured (58% power remaining). Bun-Bun is damaged (49% power remaining).
00:59 Bun-Bun transforms into a Helicoptor and strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Demolition is slightly damaged (78% power remaining). Demolition is slightly damaged (77% power remaining). Demolition is injured (74% power remaining). Demolition is injured (71% power remaining). Demolition is injured (69% power remaining). Demolition is injured (66% power remaining).
01:17 Demolition transforms into a Weapon and strafes Bun-Bun. Demolition strafes Bun-Bun. Demolition strafes Bun-Bun. Demolition strafes Bun-Bun. Bun-Bun is damaged (34% power remaining). Bun-Bun is severely injured (25% power remaining). Bun-Bun is severely injured (19% power remaining). Bun-Bun is severely damaged (9% power remaining).
01:50 Bun-Bun transforms into a Helicoptor and strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Bun-Bun strafes Demolition. Demolition is injured (64% power remaining). Demolition is injured (59% power remaining). Demolition is injured (54% power remaining). Demolition is injured (53% power remaining). Demolition is injured (52% power remaining). Demolition is damaged (47% power remaining). Demolition is damaged (43% power remaining).
02:05 Demolition attacks Bun-Bun with a Gatling Gun. Bun-Bun transforms into a Helicoptor and avoids the attack!
02:25 Demolition misses Bun-Bun with a Gatling Gun.
02:35 Bun-Bun hits Demolition with a Dual-Bladed Lightsaber. Demolition is severely damaged (7% power remaining).
02:47 Demolition misses Bun-Bun with a Gatling Gun.
03:01 Bun-Bun hits Demolition with a Dual-Bladed Lightsaber. Demolition has gone into stasis lock!
5,874 pages were recently viewed by 671 unique visitors. This page was viewed 1 times on Monday, April 22nd 2019 10:54pm CDT. © 2019 Seibertron, Inc. DBA Seibertron.com. All Rights Reserved. Established June 2000. Seibertron.com is owned by Ryan Yzquierdo.


text:
Texas Veterans Blog
Texas VLB
Air Force Birthday
The Veterans Land Board (VLB) acknowledges those who soar high today on the 75th birthday of the Air Force. To honor those flyers today, we would like to remember a figure integral to the creation of the Air Force in 1947, a military man who didn't live to see it, but who put his military career on the line to advocate for the Air Force. That man was Army General William "Billy" Mitchell, now known colloquially as the "Father of the Air Force." Even better, Texas can claim him as a partial son, like many who have been stationed on our fine military bases in Texas.
Billy Mitchell was the son of a Wisconsin senator who joined the Army in 1898 to fight in the Spanish-American War. He served in Cuba, the Philippines, Alaska, and Europe in that conflict, then continued as a career military man. He fell in love with air flight as a commander of Army Aviation in Virginia in 1916 and decided to become a pilot. After overcoming challenges to get his pilot's license, he traveled to France in 1917 to study military aircraft production and was present when the United States declared war on Germany in World War I. He was immediately promoted to Brigadier General and successfully commanded almost 1,500 aircraft at the Battle of St. Mihiel. For the success of this mission, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for valor, and in 1919, France awarded him the Legion of Honor.
Due to Air Service postwar WWI drawdowns, Mitchell was passed over for the command of the Army Air Service and reverted to his prior rank of Colonel, but he continued to advocate for an Air Force branch of service. In front of a Congressional subcommittee, he challenged the Navy to a test to prove that airplanes could bomb ships. The Navy gave in, and in July 1921, Mitchell's unit sank an "unsinkable" captured German battleship, the Ostfriesland. Following this, Mitchell was transferred to Fort Sam Houston in San Antonio, Texas, in 1925, but his troubles continued as he commented on the record to the press that "…brave airmen are being sent to their deaths by armchair admirals who don't care about air safety."
That level of candor got the attention of higher authorities, and in October 1925, Mitchell was called to Washington, D.C. for a court martial. Mitchell used the six-week trial as a bully pulpit to bring attention to the absolute military necessity of air superiority. He was convicted of insubordination, but rather than serve a prison sentence he resigned his commission. He was finished in the military, but he remained an advocate of air power and lectured, wrote, and promoted the need for an Air Force until his death in 1936.
Mitchell predicted a future war with Japan, and that air superiority would win that war. He was proven right on both counts and vindicated when the National Security Act of 1947 created a separate Air Force as part of the Armed Services. The day the legislation took effect, the cover of Air Force Magazine ran a story that read, "The Day Billy Mitchell Dreamed Of."
To this day, Billy Mitchell is lauded in the Air Force for his belief in air power and his sacrifices to promote the need for the Air Force. In acknowledgement of his contributions, President Harry Truman promoted him posthumously to Major General.
The VLB wishes the U.S. Air Force a wonderful 75th birthday, and salutes the "Father of the Air Force" and all the Airmen in The U.S. Air Force.
The VLB is happy to provide any needed help for these American heroes. The mission for the VLB is "to ensure that we offer the very best package of Veterans benefits in the country and those of us who work for the VLB strive to meet those goals every day. For more than 70 years, we have had the honor to serve Veterans, Military Members and their families in Texas, and we look forward to keeping that promise in the years to come." Call 1–800–252–8387, email VLBinfo@glo.texas.gov, or visit vlb.texas.gov to see the different benefits available.
If you are a Veteran, thank you for your service. Click Here to Sign Up to stay informed on your benefits with the Texas Veterans Land Board.
More from Texas Veterans Blog
A blog for the Texas Veterans Land Board that provides in-depth information on benefits, programs and resources for Veterans, military members and their families in Texas.
Read more from Texas Veterans Blog
Official Account for the Texas Veterans Land Board | Land, Home, and Home Improvement Loans, Texas State Veterans Homes and Cemeteries


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using Umbraco.Core.Models;
using Umbraco.Core.Models.EntityBase;
using Umbraco.Core.Persistence.Repositories;

namespace Umbraco.Core.Persistence.Factories
{
    internal class UmbracoEntityFactory
    {
        internal void AddAdditionalData(UmbracoEntity entity, IDictionary<string, object> originalEntityProperties)
        {
            var entityProps = typeof(IUmbracoEntity).GetPublicProperties().Select(x => x.Name).ToArray();

            //figure out what extra properties we have that are not on the IUmbracoEntity and add them to additional data
            foreach (var k in originalEntityProperties.Keys
                .Select(x => new { orig = x, title = x.ConvertCase(StringAliasCaseType.PascalCase) })
                .Where(x => entityProps.InvariantContains(x.title) == false))
            {
                entity.AdditionalData[k.title] = originalEntityProperties[k.orig];
            }
        }

        internal UmbracoEntity BuildEntityFromDynamic(dynamic d)
        {
            var asDictionary = (IDictionary<string, object>)d;

            var entity = new UmbracoEntity(d.trashed);

            try
            {
                entity.DisableChangeTracking();

                entity.CreateDate = d.createDate;
                entity.CreatorId = d.nodeUser;
                entity.Id = d.id;
                entity.Key = d.uniqueID;
                entity.Level = d.level;
                entity.Name = d.text;
                entity.NodeObjectTypeId = d.nodeObjectType;
                entity.ParentId = d.parentID;
                entity.Path = d.path;
                entity.SortOrder = d.sortOrder;
                entity.HasChildren = d.children > 0;
                entity.ContentTypeAlias = asDictionary.ContainsKey("alias") ? (d.alias ?? string.Empty) : string.Empty;
                entity.ContentTypeIcon = asDictionary.ContainsKey("icon") ? (d.icon ?? string.Empty) : string.Empty;
                entity.ContentTypeThumbnail = asDictionary.ContainsKey("thumbnail") ? (d.thumbnail ?? string.Empty) : string.Empty;

                var publishedVersion = default(Guid);
                //some content items don't have a published version
                if (asDictionary.ContainsKey("publishedVersion") && asDictionary["publishedVersion"] != null)
                {
                    Guid.TryParse(d.publishedVersion.ToString(), out publishedVersion);
                }
                var newestVersion = default(Guid);
                if (asDictionary.ContainsKey("newestVersion") && d.newestVersion != null)
                {
                    Guid.TryParse(d.newestVersion.ToString(), out newestVersion);
                }

                entity.IsPublished = publishedVersion != default(Guid) || (newestVersion != default(Guid) && publishedVersion == newestVersion);
                entity.IsDraft = newestVersion != default(Guid) && (publishedVersion == default(Guid) || publishedVersion != newestVersion);
                entity.HasPendingChanges = (publishedVersion != default(Guid) && newestVersion != default(Guid)) && publishedVersion != newestVersion;

                //Now we can assign the additional data!
                AddAdditionalData(entity, asDictionary);

                return entity;
            }
            finally
            {
                entity.EnableChangeTracking();
            }
        }

        public UmbracoEntity BuildEntity(EntityRepository.UmbracoEntityDto dto)
        {
            var entity = new UmbracoEntity(dto.Trashed)
                             {
                                 CreateDate = dto.CreateDate,
                                 CreatorId = dto.UserId.Value,
                                 Id = dto.NodeId,
                                 Key = dto.UniqueId,
                                 Level = dto.Level,
                                 Name = dto.Text,
                                 NodeObjectTypeId = dto.NodeObjectType.Value,
                                 ParentId = dto.ParentId,
                                 Path = dto.Path,
                                 SortOrder = dto.SortOrder,
                                 HasChildren = dto.Children > 0,
                                 ContentTypeAlias = dto.Alias ?? string.Empty,
                                 ContentTypeIcon = dto.Icon ?? string.Empty,
                                 ContentTypeThumbnail = dto.Thumbnail ?? string.Empty,
                             };

            entity.IsPublished = dto.PublishedVersion != default(Guid) || (dto.NewestVersion != default(Guid) && dto.PublishedVersion == dto.NewestVersion);
            entity.IsDraft = dto.NewestVersion != default(Guid) && (dto.PublishedVersion == default(Guid) || dto.PublishedVersion != dto.NewestVersion);
            entity.HasPendingChanges = (dto.PublishedVersion != default(Guid) && dto.NewestVersion != default(Guid)) && dto.PublishedVersion != dto.NewestVersion;

            if (dto.UmbracoPropertyDtos != null)
            {
                foreach (var propertyDto in dto.UmbracoPropertyDtos)
                {
                    entity.AdditionalData[propertyDto.PropertyAlias] = new UmbracoEntity.EntityProperty
                    {
                        PropertyEditorAlias = propertyDto.PropertyEditorAlias,
                        Value = propertyDto.NTextValue.IsNullOrWhiteSpace()
                            ? propertyDto.NVarcharValue
                            : propertyDto.NTextValue.ConvertToJsonIfPossible()
                    };
                }
            }

            return entity;
        }

        public EntityRepository.UmbracoEntityDto BuildDto(UmbracoEntity entity)
        {
            var node = new EntityRepository.UmbracoEntityDto
                           {
                               CreateDate = entity.CreateDate,
                               Level = short.Parse(entity.Level.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)),
                               NodeId = entity.Id,
                               NodeObjectType = entity.NodeObjectTypeId,
                               ParentId = entity.ParentId,
                               Path = entity.Path,
                               SortOrder = entity.SortOrder,
                               Text = entity.Name,
                               Trashed = entity.Trashed,
                               UniqueId = entity.Key,
                               UserId = entity.CreatorId
                           };
            return node;
        }
    }
}


Lego Batman 3 Coloring Pages. Thus go on and look for various enjoyment and enjoyable color pages for the little one, complete their lives with happiness, and splash them with lots of colors - shades of understanding, joy, imagination and happiness.
You need to download some Color Pages out of this website, if you like to own the right fun together with your kids.
Color web pages can be a common practice through mom and dad at home or perhaps professors at university to be able to convey . expertise in the particular alphabets, dog, ancient monuments, many fruits, greens, quantities and many others. Printable dyes internet pages intended for children are all the more common because they can be downloadable cost-free on the internet and in some cases bought on the net. Colouring webpages really are a simple and easy method to retain little ones content and also kept entertained while they're studying. Over and above the expertise regarding having a crayon or even pad effectively, learning to maintain your lines drawn around the dyes internet pages is actually another example associated with good motor skills. Colour web pages undoubtedly are a wonderful strategy for making it possible for your youngster to express their particular concepts, viewpoints and understanding via artistic along with inventive methods.
Thanks a lot for browsing, hopefully this publish inspire you are and assist you what you are looking for. Only for information, Lego Batman 3 Coloring Pages is entry had been posted in Coloring Pages. We have other collection is related to Coloring Pages. if you need to have this finest picture about Lego Batman 3 Coloring Pages, simply click save press button to save that images for your on your computer. Lastly if you need to get new and newest Coloring Pages related to Lego Batman 3 Coloring Pages, please follow us on facebook or bookmark this site, we try our very best to provide you daily update with new Coloring Pages. Remember to share this image with others via Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest or other social medias!. Hope you like staying here.
Related Posts of "Lego Batman 3 Coloring Pages"


We can help you identify, prevent, and manage problems using Integrated Pest Management (IPM) - a research-based holistic approach to pest management that emphasizes biological (e.g., attracting natural enemies), cultural (e.g., planting disease-resistant varieties), and physical (e.g., hand removal of insect pests) approaches to prevent problems and control pests and diseases at acceptable levels. Monitoring and using organic or other low-risk pesticides only when pest or disease levels are unacceptable are also part of this management approach.
Knowledge - Educate yourself about your plants and the insect pests or diseases that can impact them. This is the first step before you can diagnose, treat or prevent problems. Also, become educated about their growth habit and necessary conditions for good growth. Many plant problems are a result of 'mismanagement' and not caused by diseases or insect pests.
Prevention - The best management method is prevention. When you focus your time, attention, and efforts on growing "the right plant, in the right place, in the right way" you can greatly reduce plant problems.
Monitoring - Monitor for pests and plant problems by closely observing visible plant parts. Use a magnifier or hand lens for a closer look. Be sure to flip leaves over and examine the undersides. Some pests, like slugs, are mainly active at night. Weekly inspections of your garden will catch most problems before they get out of hand. Is the problem serious; is it getting worse, and is the plant in grave danger?
Accurate diagnosis - Learn how to diagnose plant problems and how to distinguish between abiotic and biotic causes. Where you observe pests or disease symptoms, identify the culprit and learn the life cycle, habits, characteristics, damage potential, and best time to take action. Correct identification of pest or plant problem is critical. Most plant problems are not caused by living organisms, but by cultural and environmental factors (abiotic problems).
Take action if necessary - Manage problem using physical and cultural methods first. Apply a least-toxic pesticide as a last resort. For home gardeners, control measures often begin when pest injury reaches an "aesthetic threshold" - the point at which additional damage to plant appearance cannot be tolerated. Many insect and disease pests cause minor injury and can be ignored. Most healthy herbaceous and woody plants can tolerate 20-30% leaf defoliation without suffering long-term damage or yield reduction.
Evaluate action and continue to monitor - Evaluate the effectiveness of the action taken. Continue to monitor and learn. And don't forget to enjoy your garden!


Hopefully you've already spent plenty of time this summer out enjoying your outdoor space. While you're out soaking up the sun, you may have noticed that your deck or patio could be better optimized or freshly decorated. There's plenty of brand new ideas here at homify, for how to revamp your summer space in all new ways. One of these amazing yards is bound to give you the perfect idea for your own space.
1. This combination of shaded and sunny space is connected by concrete steps and overflowing with lush greenery.
2. If your covered porch is empty, add in as much seating as it take take, and several potted plants.
3. Surrounding your seating area with simple wooden fencing, and add some vines to cover it.
4. A tall, dark pergola can be quite sophisticated. Add in glass walls and pot lighting.
5. This smaller pergola is still is elegant, especially in this grey.
6. This fun play area is perfect for young children, and looks so soft.
7. Why not create a little island of your own in the middle of your water feature?
8. Greenhouses aren't just for raising plants, they are great sitting spots in colder weather.
9. This unique space combines several elements to great success, including the pergola, garden bed, water feature, and wooden walkway.
10. To brighten up the seating under any pergola, add overflowing flower pots and decorative pillows.
11. Why not have a rotisserie outside? It's less work than barbecuing and leaves you free to socialize.
12. This hot tub set up has to be our favourite yet! It is built right into the deck, and there's so much seating for when you want to dry off.
To make a deck this elaborate you are going to need some professional help.
13. These mirrored doors open up to invite the fresh air an sunshine right into the dining room.
Speaking of dining room, are you ready to head in for a meal? Consider these 9 fantastic kitchen styles for families.


Auwe! For real? This is really sad. Checking-in here has been a regular part of my day for (I don't know how many) years, even during your hiatus. I have to say that you have added greatly to my connection to "home" and for that I give my sincerest thanks.
This is a sad day! I can say it was great to meet you in person a couple of years back, and it's nice to know there's still that Aloha Spirit with people that's still there. Wishing you and your Ohana all the best and mahalo for all that you've done for your readers!
No can! Dea mus be wan odda way.
Tanks fo da WWD and laffs. Aspasholee da hah?!?! kine timeses. Goin miss da place an da odda kine pepos li' dat.
Here's to everyone having good long lives with lots more WWD moments!
So sad to hear!!! Oh well its been a great time reading about the crazy things that happen everyday but we just don't pay attention sometimes - Thank you for the laughs and the WWD moments!
Oh Man! Now where I going get my dose of the Loudest Korean Accountant? Wow 10 years we been doing this? We used to blow up their server by following the Triad WWD Mid Life Crisis and Odds and Ends.
At least you can still post your adventures on FB. I look forward to reading about all your WWD incidents. Post it there then we can blow up their servers.
Take care my bruddah. We see you laters.
Aloha braddah Lance, by chance came upon your blog about 4 years ago and am indebted to you for my connection to Hawaii. Actually left the islands in 1944 at the behest of the US Army. Discharged in 9/46 and reenlisted 6/1947, again discharged 2 years later and then moved to the mainland in 1951. Graduated with BusAdm degree amd since 5/54 worked in the accounting profession. Retired as Branch Manager of the Inspector Gemeral Office, Treasury Departmemt in Houston. wassupwitdat has been connection and gave me great happiness thanks to you. Mahalo and all the god stuff. Hope you and your family continued good health and happiness!
Hey, is it not feasible to do one of those online blogs? I read a bunch of them almost daily along with yours, as it is part of my morning routine.
Feels like something is missing!
AIYA! Wassup with DAT??? Sorry to hear..I kept trying fo find you and I had hard time. Tanx ah, for all da laughs, and sharing your life and moments wid all of us!!


The Friends of McHenry County College Foundation has named three student recipients of the Goodwill Industries of Northern Illinois Scholarship. Katy Beam, Matt Becker, both of Crystal Lake, and Michie Ota of Algonquin, each received a $1,000 scholarship offered through the Friends of McHenry County College Foundation, which covers their tuition, books and fees for the spring 2018 semester.
Katy Beam is a first-year student and is a graduate of Crystal Lake Central High School, working toward an associate's degree from MCC. Beam has a passion for helping others and aspires to become a speech pathologist. After completing her prerequisites at MCC, she plans to pursue her master's degree in speech-language pathology with a minor in special education and photography. She believes in paying back and has volunteered for various causes, including collecting, sorting and packing food for the Community Harvest, donating books to A to Z Literacy and donating her hair—in ponytails—four times since 2008 to the Pantene Beautiful Lengths program, to support the national American Cancer Society Wig Bank.
"The generosity of Goodwill allows me to focus on all of the work I have ahead of me to reach my goals," Beam said.
Becker expressed his humble gratitude to Goodwill Industries by saying, "I am truly grateful for this scholarship and still can't believe that you chose me. Thank you so much for your generosity."
Currently in her second year at MCC, Michie Ota, originally came to the U.S. from Japan and has been living in Illinois for two years. Not knowing how to speak English, she took MCC's English as a Second Language classes and went on to earn her GED. She said the Goodwill scholarship award allows her to complete her final semester at MCC and to graduate in the spring with an Associate in General Education degree. She plans to complete a second degree—an Associate in Science—in 2019 and then transfer to a four-year university to major in business administration. She hopes to open her own business someday. Ota has volunteered for numerous causes and is pursuing the MCC Silver Cord Award, which requires 100 hours of community service. In addition, she is a member of the Phi Theta Kappa honor society and is a mentor for MCC's Excel mentorship program. She also participates in other clubs at MCC, including the Asian American Club, Student Peace Action Network, Environmental Action Club and the Meteorology and Astronomy Club.
The Goodwill Industries scholarship is intended to assist students with disabilities to advance their education. The scholarship funds were raised by asking customers at the four McHenry County Goodwill stores in Algonquin, Crystal Lake, Huntley and McHenry to "round up" their purchases to the nearest whole dollar to contribute to the fund. The successful Round Up program has enabled persons with disabilities to build a better future for themselves, their families, and the local community, through education.


China accuses Washington of overstepping by seeking the Security Council measure.
On Friday, China and Russia vetoed the resolution calling on Myanmar's military junta to stop persecution of minority and opposition groups.
It urged Myanmar to release political prisoners, move towards democracy and stop attacks against minorities, many of whom are used for forced labour.
The US, which softened the draft from the original, received backing from nine of the 15 nations on the council.
But among the other six were China and Russia, permanent council members with veto rights.
South Africa also voted "no" while Qatar, Indonesia and Congo Republic abstained.
Voting with Washington were Britain, which co-sponsored the draft, France, Belgium, Italy, Ghana, Peru, Panama and Slovakia.
"The situation in Myanmar does not constitute a threat to regional and international peace and security," Liu Jianchao, of the Chinese foreign ministry, said in Beijing, according to the official Xinhua news agency on Saturday.
"If the Security Council passed a resolution on the Myanmar issue, that would have exceeded the duties of the Council laid out in the United Nations Charter."
Beijing's criticisms of it were echoed by the Indonesian foreign minister, who said his views reflected other Southeast Asian countries.
"The case would be more appropriately brought to the attention of the human rights council rather than the UN Security Council," Hassan Wirajuda said.
Emyr Jones Parry, Britain's UN ambassador, said he helped push the resolution because "I want tomorrow morning to be able to reassure myself that we did the right thing, the right thing by the people of Myanmar".
The US measure called for the release of Suu Kyi and all other political prisoners and for her party and all other groups to be able to operate freely.


We are having a couple of out-of-town friends visit us, actually overlapping. And, while most of the time will be spent seeing sites and having quality toddler time, a little bit of gaming is going to creep in.
On the second night of Greg's visit, our toddler obligingly fell asleep early so we were able to get in a decent selection of micro games.
SHH, part of the Pack O Game series, is a silent cooperative game where you build words one letter at a time. You can only use each vowel once per word and each consonant once per game.
I have to admit had low expectations for the game. And I really wanted to get it played because I want to play all the games in the first series of Pack O Games before the second one comes out. But, while I do have some I really like, cooperative games and word games really aren't a big focus for me. But we ended up having a lot of fun with it. There was a lot of tension in it and we played it a second time, where we totally bombed.
I then pulled out HUE, a tile-laying game that is my usual game to introduce people to Pack O Games. It is very fast and simple but the simple twist of getting all your hand at the start of the game and your last card being which colors you score makes it very solid. As usual, it went very well.
We ended with my homemade copy of Cunning Folk, which is like Coup for two to four players with just nine cards. Lots of lying and bluffing. Don't get me wrong, it is not as good as Coup. But the fact that it plays down to two and still gives me that feeling makes it a keeper. We got in two games of that and called it a night.


Men's blazers are no longer exclusively for formal moments. Discover original textures, prints and details. Choose a dark coloured piece for the office and keep the trendiest pieces for special occasions. Incorporate a blazer into your casual looks and add a touch of class to your day to day.


Original case has been recently lightly polished back to factory specs. Lugs are extremely fat, even, and crisp. Sharp bevels throughout. Serial and reference numbers are well defined and fully visible.
Original Mark 4 dial is in flawless condition with a pleasing light patina complimented perfectly by matching original tritium hands.
Solid link 78360 oyster w/580 endlinks. Bracelet shows minimal stretch.
An extremely minty example of the iconic 'Orange Hand' 1655, a crucial part to any Vintage Rolex collection!


Comparative methods, do we think we know more than we do?
To correct a shortcoming in an approach taken by many, I am creating explicit and complete methods for estimating extinction and speciation rates using present day taxa.
This research is driven by my exposure to comparative methods, which is a rapidly growing field that attempts to infer characteristics about the historical evolutionary process using almost exclusively data from the present day. Studies in this field often come to rather firm conclusions, which is surprising given the scant amount of data available. Some of these conclusions are based on estimates of historical speciation and extinction rates, and we might ask, how can we estimate a rate per unit time when we can only observe one timepoint (the present?) and in particular, how could one possibly estimate an extinction rates if we never see a species go extinct?
Although there is every reason to be suspicious about conclusions from these studies, these suspicions do not necessarily mean that they are wrong, only that they cannot be trusted until the uncertainty around them is properly quantified. A quick review of the methods shows the problems in current attempts to do this. In a typical study, the researcher will sequence some small number of genes from a existing group of species, then will construct a phylogenetic tree based on these sequences, and finally will estimate parameters for some model of evolution using this tree and maximum likelihood (e.g. how phenotypes diverge through time, speciation rates, etc.). Models are frequently compared using AIC scores, with some researchers even assigning p-values to these.
A tree simulated from the model we consider. Species evolve forward in time and exist in one of several states (represented by colors). Each state has a distinct speciation and extinction rate and species move between states according to a markov process. The goal is to estimate the rates in each state, and whether or not they are changing through time.
This general approach has a large number of shortcomings. Although it is a given that any approach to infer historical rates from only present day data must be heavily model dependent, we at least want to properly account for the uncertainty for a given model, which these methods fail to do. The most common error in these studies, and perhaps a reason they are able to generate firm conclusions with so little data, is that they suffer from the single imputation fallacy and assume to know things without error which are not known, most prominently the phylogenetic tree. Additionally, the data generating model for a given study is typically poorly, or not at all, defined, which makes correctly calculating the likelihood function impossible (a common example is calculating the probability of the root state on a tree). Finally, the model comparison strategies used are too simplistic, relying on asymptotics that quite possibly are not applicable. For example, the likelihood ratio test is often employed to support conclusions. The justification for the LRT as part of standard phylogenic inference is that a large number of independent sites in a sequence alignment are observed, which allows for the independent-identically-distributed criteria to be satisfied and the results to converge on the asymptotic distribution. However, in these datasets one often measures only one character and there is no independence, implying the asymptotic should be a very poor approximation. Similarly, it is well known that AIC scores can give very misleading results, particularly if all the models considered are wrong, but they can also mislead even if the correct model is considered and infinite data is available. Given these shortcomings, it appears ease of implementation has largely guided method choice. Separate software packages are available for each step in the analyses as they are currently done, and often no single unified software is available for a proper accounting of the uncertainty and covariance for the estimated parameters.
I am currently creating a method of inference that accounts for these issues and also am comparing results from this correct method to the existing "approximate" methods to assess what, if any, problems result from using these single imputation approximations. My method jointly infers all model parameters, is based on an explicit generative model and allows for model comparison without resorting to asymptotics. I am doing this with a case study of Caribbean anole lizards, which have radiated over the past several million years onto different islands, but for which no fossils or extinctions have been recorded. I am redoing an analysis which assumes that the lizards on each island evolve with distinct speciation and extinction rates that may change through time, which is a simple extension of the BiSSE model. Creating an integrated model presents a number of algorithmic difficulties, but progress is currently being made using both a missing data approach that simulates complete trees and scales to arbitrary sized datasets, and a more traditional numeric approach which attempts to calculate probabilities integrated across trees using numeric ODE solvers but which scales more poorly.
Although past work based on single imputations was a necessary building block in the development of complete models, I hope the development of more unified models will avoid conclusions that are not truly supported, or at the very least show why approximations used due to computational ease are, or are not, accurate.