text:
Nebraska 'D' knows it must plug leaks to play with Buckeyes
Nebraska's defense knows it must plug leaks and quit allowing big plays if it hopes to play with Buckeyes
Nebraska 'D' knows it must plug leaks to play with Buckeyes Nebraska's defense knows it must plug leaks and quit allowing big plays if it hopes to play with Buckeyes Check out this story on USATODAY.com: https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/ncaaf/2018/10/29/nebraska-d-knows-it-must-plug-leaks-to-play-with-buckeyes/38323539/
AP Published 4:49 p.m. ET Oct. 29, 2018
In this Oct. 20, 2018 photo, Minnesota wide receiver Demetrius Douglas (82) scores a touchdown in front of Nebraska defensive backs Avery Anderson (4) Aaron Williams (24), during the first half of an NCAA college football game in Lincoln, Neb. Nebraska's defense goes on the road to face one of the most explosive teams in the nation in No. 8 Ohio State after a middling performance against a mediocre FCS offense in Bethune-Cookman. (AP Photo/Nati Harnik)(Photo: The Associated Press)
LINCOLN, Neb. (AP) — Nebraska's defense will go from playing against a middling FCS offense to one that ranks third in the Bowl Subdivision and has been held under 500 yards just once all season.
Even though the starters allowed three points and had three takeaways in a 45-9 win over Bethune-Cookman , Nebraska (2-6, 1-4 Big Ten) so far this season has shown no evidence it will be capable of slowing down Dwayne Haskins and No. 8 Ohio State (7-1, 4-1) in Columbus on Saturday.
The Cornhuskers' defensive average of 438 yards per game is second-to-last in the Big Ten, they've allowed 14 touchdown drives of longer than 70 yards, and Rutgers and Illinois are the only conference teams to have given up more than the 14 plays of at least 40 yards Nebraska has surrendered.
"This is all a process. There's growth," first-year coach Scott Frost said Monday. "I think our defense has continued to get better. We're playing an elite team on Saturday. We've played several teams that are really good and for sure one elite team already this year, and we weren't ready for that challenge earlier in the year. I hope the team is a lot more prepared and a lot more confident going into this one."
The elite team Frost mentioned was Michigan, which had three plays of 40 yards or longer in addition to a 60-yard punt return for a touchdown in a 56-10 Nebraska loss.
Frost has said all season the Huskers are short of depth, and he accepts he'll have to bide his time while talent is built up through recruiting. Six starters from the Big Ten's worst defense in 2017 are still starting.
There also is some give-and-take with the Huskers' up-tempo offensive style. Quick strikes on offense mean the defense is back on the field after getting little rest.
Bethune-Cookman came into Lincoln averaging 365 yards per game to rank 75th in the Football Championship Subdivision. The Wildcats played their backup quarterback because their starter was injured, and they generated 270 of their 355 yards and averaged 5.3 yards per play against the Huskers' starting defense and a mix of starters and second-stringers.
The Wildcats had nine plays that went at least 9 yards against the top defenders, including passes of 54, 26 and 40, and they had non-scoring possessions that penetrated to the Nebraska 23-, 8- and 14-yard lines.
"They got a couple chunk plays off mental errors, just us not completely executing how we're supposed to," cornerback Dicaprio Bootle said. "At the end of every one of those chunk plays there was an effort guy always running behind the ball making the stop and getting us back into position where we can stall the drive again. We went over a lot of those plays this morning. They're not anything we can't get fixed. It's not really too alarming."
Linebacker Mohamed Barry said he doesn't read a lot into the Bethune-Cookman game. He said it was difficult for him and his teammates to be as mentally prepared against a lower division as they would have been if they had been playing a FBS opponent.
"That's why those (big) plays happened," he said. "You would be crazy if you think against Ohio State, if you mess up on a play, that it won't go 60 yards for a touchdown. It's going to be different when you talk about how we focus for this game."
The Buckeyes had an open date following their 49-20 loss at unranked Purdue. Ohio State has not lost back-to-back regular-season games under seventh-year coach Urban Meyer. Last year, after losing 55-24 at unranked Iowa, the Buckeyes hammered No. 15 Michigan State 48-3 at home.
Recent history in the series with Ohio State has not been kind to the Huskers. The Buckeyes have won three straight by lopsided margins, including 56-14 in Lincoln last year and 62-3 in Columbus in 2016.
"I remember everything about the last couple years we played these guys," linebacker Luke Gifford said, "and it needs to be different."


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Do More Than Kill Mold: Mold shouldnt be just killed; it should be removed by scrubbing away the mold growth, replacing wet materials, and fixing moisture problems.


Renovated spacious colonial with quality construction and detailing. Inviting front porch leads to the open floor plan with hardwood floors and beautifully renovated kitchen with granite counters. The dining area has sliders to the large fenced in rear yard. This home offers 3 oversized bedrooms with new carpet and 2 renovated full baths. The spacious master bedroom with cathedral ceilings has large walk-in closet. This home is move in ready and freshly painted. Close to schools, major roadways, shopping, dining and mass transit. Full basement and a walk up attic with plenty of storage.


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Home » Newswire » AFN-Canada Memorandum of Understanding on Joint Priorities Meeting
AFN-Canada Memorandum of Understanding on Joint Priorities Meeting
by pmnationtalk on January 23, 201993 Views
On January 14, 2019, the National Chief, members of the Executive Committee and other Chiefs met with Prime Minister Trudeau and members of his Cabinet as part of the AFN-Canada Memorandum of Understanding on Joint Priorities. The Prime Minister and the National Chief co-chaired this meeting, the first of three meetings that will take place under the MOU in 2019. The MOU, signed in 2017, calls for regular meetings to discuss key issues and assess progress on shared priorities. These meetings are an opportunity for open, constructive dialogue to advance First Nations priorities.
The National Chief opened by speaking about the RCMP action on Wet'suwet'en lands the previous week. He stated that reconciliation requires that First Nations laws must be recognized, respected and upheld, and there must be room in Canada for not only common law and civil law, but recognition of First Nation law and jurisdiction too. First Nations inherent rights, Treaty rights and title were themes that flowed throughout the meeting.
The MOU meeting took place shortly after the federal Cabinet shuffle, giving the National Chief and Regional Chiefs the opportunity to connect with the newly-appointed Minister of Indigenous Services Canada (ISC), Seamus O'Regan. Due to the importance of the meeting, the former Minister of ISC, Jane Philpott, also attended to provide final comments on her files. The Cabinet shuffle and the upcoming federal election in October were mentioned numerous times throughout the meeting. Minister Rodriguez (Heritage), Minister Bennett and Parliamentary Secretaries McCrimmon (Public Safety), Anandasangaree (Heritage) and Lightbound (Finance) also attended.
The National Chief and the Prime Minister agreed that progress is being made in many areas but there is still much work to do to close the gap.
The National Chief and Regional Chiefs put forward a number of opportunities to maintain progress and the Prime Minister responded with some key commitments.
One commitment is for the AFN and Canada to work toward a National Action Plan for the implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UN Declaration). Such an Action Plan would focus on implementation, which is crucial to fulfilling the principles of the UN Declaration.
Another significant commitment was for the AFN and Canada to initiate new processes to address the problems with Canada's policies on the Inherent Right to Self- government and Comprehensive Claims, and to reinvigorate processes on Specific Claims and Additions to Reserve. It is important that Canada dismantle or change policies based on the termination of First Nations rights, title and jurisdiction so that they are based on recognition of rights, title and jurisdiction. This work must be done in partnership and cooperation with First Nations.
These assurances at the MOU meeting come after Canada's commitment to support three pieces of legislation:
Bill C-262, An Act to ensure that the laws of Canada are in harmony with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, currently at second reading in the Senate;
A new bill on First Nations jurisdiction over child welfare, co-developed with First Nations, to be tabled in parliament within a few weeks; and
A new bill on Indigenous languages, co-developed with First Nations and to be tabled in parliament within a few weeks.
Throughout the meeting, the National Chief and the Regional Chiefs emphasized the importance of these bills passing prior to parliament rising in June which then leads into a federal election. The Executive Committee did an excellent job of presenting on their files and the agenda allowed numerous topics to be discussed. Updates on the progress of work on the joint priorities identified in the MOU were also shared at the meeting.
Much work in other areas, including reconciliation, was already underway before the MOU Meeting. Prior to the Cabinet shuffle, Canada announced its Litigation Directive to Department of Justice counsels to give preference to negotiation over litigation, effective immediately. This government has also committed to covering the costs of intervention under the Default Prevention and Management Policy, removing a burden on First Nations governments' Band Support Funding.
The meeting was an important opportunity to share information and perspectives on joint priorities with the Prime Minister and cabinet members, and advancing the shared commitment to moving those priorities forward.
The agenda for the meeting, the National Chief's opening statement and the MOU itself are available on the AFN website at www.afn.ca.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
import cudarray as ca
from ..base import Op
from .activation import Softmax
from .one_hot import OneHot

class Loss(Op):
    axis = None
    bcast_shape = None

    def __call__(self, pred, target):
        self.pred = pred
        self.target = target
        self.inputs = [pred, target]
        return self

    def setup_from_shape(self, in_shape):
        batch_size = in_shape[0]
        self.shape = (batch_size,)
        self.array = ca.zeros(self.shape)
        self.grad_array = ca.ones(self.shape)
        self.axis = tuple(range(1, len(in_shape)))
        self.bcast_shape = tuple([batch_size, ] + [1, ]*len(self.axis))

    def setup(self):
        self.setup_from_shape(self.pred.shape)

class SquareError(Loss):
    def fprop(self):
        diff = self.pred.array - self.target.array
        diff **= 2.0
        ca.sum(diff, axis=self.axis, out=self.array)

    def bprop(self):
        ca.subtract(self.pred.array, self.target.array, self.pred.grad_array)
        self.pred.grad_array *= 2
        self.pred.grad_array *= ca.reshape(self.grad_array, self.bcast_shape)

class BinaryCrossEntropy(Loss):
    def __init__(self):
        self.eps = 1e-12

    def fprop(self):
        # -log(1 - pred)*(1 - target) - log(pred)*target
        tmp1 = 1 - self.pred.array
        tmp1 += self.eps
        ca.log(tmp1, tmp1)
        tmp2 = 1 - self.target.array
        ca.multiply(tmp1, tmp2, tmp1)
        ca.add(self.pred.array, self.eps, tmp2)
        ca.log(tmp2, tmp2)
        tmp2 *= self.target.array
        ca.add(tmp1, tmp2, tmp1)
        tmp1 *= -1
        ca.sum(tmp1, axis=1, out=self.array)

    def bprop(self):
        # -(target/pred - (1 - target)/(1 - pred))
        tmp1 = 1 - self.target.array
        tmp2 = 1 - self.pred.array
        tmp2 += self.eps
        ca.divide(tmp1, tmp2, tmp1)
        ca.add(self.pred.array, self.eps, tmp2)
        ca.divide(self.target.array, tmp2, out=tmp2)
        ca.subtract(tmp1, tmp2, self.pred.grad_array)
        self.pred.grad_array *= ca.reshape(self.grad_array, self.bcast_shape)

class _SoftmaxIdentityBProp(Softmax):
    def bprop(self):
        self.x.grad_array = self.grad_array

class SoftmaxCrossEntropy(Loss):
    def __init__(self, n_classes=None, eps=1e-8):
        self.n_classes = n_classes
        self.eps = eps

    def __call__(self, pred, target):
        if isinstance(pred, Softmax) and \
           not isinstance(pred, _SoftmaxIdentityBProp):
            pred = pred.x
        pred = _SoftmaxIdentityBProp()(pred)
        if self.n_classes is not None:
            target = OneHot(self.n_classes)(target)
        return super(SoftmaxCrossEntropy, self).__call__(pred, target)

    def fprop(self):
        # -target * log(pred)
        tmp1 = self.pred.array + self.eps
        ca.log(tmp1, tmp1)
        tmp1 *= self.target.array
        ca.sum(tmp1, axis=1, out=self.array)
        ca.negative(self.array, self.array)

    def bprop(self):
        ca.subtract(self.pred.array, self.target.array, self.pred.grad_array)
        self.pred.grad_array *= ca.reshape(self.grad_array, self.bcast_shape)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
What Happens To City Centers When So Many People Work Remotely?
As more employers embrace remote work, city centers are emptier than before the pandemic.
Cat Sandoval
Article by Cat Sandoval
The pandemic has changed a lot of things. Working remotely has left city centers ghosted, not nearly as crowded as they were pre-COVID. And you can see it in this commute.
"It could be the pandemic or the riots that happened; so many stores closed down," says Sana Fatema, who interns at BCBS Illinois.
Here in Chicago, the Transit Authority says it lost 80% of its ridership at the height of the pandemic last spring. Some are returning, but as you can see, crowds aren't the same.
"They're starting to slowly come back, but I think we just have to wait and see," says commuter Jennifer Fowler.
"In most big U.S. cities, a majority of the workforce is office-based."
That's commercial real estate expert Tracy Hadden Loh. She says offices make up 71% of real estate in the 30 largest U.S. cities. Remote work has been a precautionary measure, and with the surge in the Delta variant, we may be seeing an extension of working from home. For cities to recover from COVID-19, she says they'll have to learn to adapt.
"We need to think about how to redistribute activity within downtown ... so that our downtowns aren't so vulnerable to the disruption that can happen because one particular use is hit," says Loh.
Vacant downtowns have seen some businesses, particularly small businesses, close due to lack of workday customers. Transit systems are grappling with budget gaps. Commercial property values have dropped. Rethinking downtown areas beyond business districts can help, like refocusing on becoming travel and entertainment destinations.
Amy Finnegan is visiting from Cincinnati. "If I can get to Chicago, I'm coming to Chicago. The only thing that would hold it down if there were lockdowns again," she says.
While vacant storefronts litter downtown Chicago like in many cities, Loh suggests empty office buildings can be repurposed into places to live, schools, storage facilities. She says cities won't be vacant forever; they'll return.
Loh reminds us that "those other good reasons to get together still exist, and the pandemic has not changed them."
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The Electoral Registration Officer keeps an electoral register and an open register (or the edited register) using information provided by the public when they register to vote.
You must be on the register of electors to vote in UK elections and referendums.
It is also used for other limited purposes specified in law, such as detecting crime (e.g. fraud), calling people for jury service and checking credit applications.
Your name and address are included in the open register unless you ask us to remove them. You can still vote if your details are removed from the open register.
If you want to opt out of the open register please email optout@dumgal.gov.uk with your full name and address.
If you're already registered then we'll continue to follow your original choice about being included on the open register until you tell us otherwise or change address.


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Home » Tale of Genji & Robinsoe Crusoe Book Review Essay Examples & Outline
Tale of Genji & Robinsoe Crusoe Book Review Essay Examples & Outline
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Examples of Book Review Essays Below
Robinson Crusoe Book Review Sample Essay & Guideline
Tale of Genji Book Review Sample Essay & Outline
Robinson Crusoe is a classic narration written by Daniel Defoe. This book first published in 1719 displays a thrilling experience of a young man washed up into deserted island. Defoe characterizes the experience of Robinson Crusoe, a story that is thought to be inspired by experiences of Alexander Selkirk. This Scottish sailor sailed in the sea in 1704. There are speculations that when Defoe was writing the book, he had interviewed Selkirk. However, this has been left in the circles of debate. Defoe has built the story while adding a colourful embellishment, thus creating a novel that has become famous in English Literature. This paper, therefore, is a critical analysis of Robinson Crusoe (Clark 64-67). This novel narrates about a man who is left alone in a island for a period of 28 years. With the supplies that he salvaged from the wrecked ship, Robinson finally creates a fortress and a kingdom by taming wild animals, hunting, and growing crops.
The book is a collection of adventures of all sort involving pirates shipwrecks, mutiny and cannibals. The book is also biblical through different themes presented throughout the narration. This story is likened to that of a prodigal son who runs away from home only to find calamity. There are elements of the story of Job when Robinson succumbs to illness. Robinson cries to the Lord for deliverance from his distress. There are notorious instances where he questions the Lord about his distress. In his 20 years stay in the island, Robinson encounters cannibals: the first human contact in the island. Robinson escapes when a ship of mutineers sails to the island. Together with his colleagues, he assists the captain to take control of the ship. He goes home after being in the land for 28 years, 2 months and 19 days. The story concludes well with Robinson being a wealthy man.
Robinson Crusoe is an impulsive wanderer who defies his parents and sets in for a voyage in the sea. He gets involved in a series of upheavals in the sea, and the captain warns him that he should not be a seafaring man. Being ashamed to return to his parents, he boards another ship and returns to a successful trip setting his journey to Africa. He meets bad luck and is taken as a prisoner in Sallee. He is sent to fish and uses this as an advantage to escape. He starts a new adventure after being rescued by a Portuguese ship. He lands in Brazil where after some time he owns a sugar plantation. He hopes to amass more wealth by buying slaves; he joins other planters and plans for a trip in Africa to buy more slaves (Defoe 45). He faces the worst when he finds himself in the midst of a storm. He is thrown to the shore by the waves only to find that he is the only survivor.
Finding himself alone, he makes immediate plans for shelter, food and protection from wild animals. As aforementioned, he salvages anything within his vicinity to construct a shelter. Survival is of the essence in the island; thus he develops skills, which will provide him with the necessities. After being cut off from the rest of humanity, he begins communicating with God. This is the beginning of his religious conversion. To maintain his sanity, he keeps a record of each activity daily by writing a journal. As time expires, Robinson turns out to be a skilled artisan. He constructs many useful things to furnish himself with comfort. He begins cultivation by using some of the seeds he brought with him. An illness results in prophetic dreams, which makes Crusoe, reappraise his duties to God. He explores the island and discovers some part, which is fertile. At this place, he constructs a summer home in the part of the island (Defoe 110-120).
He is hopeful that one day he will make an escape from the island. He is prompted to construct a canoe, which will make his escape an easy escapade. The canoe is too heavy to float on the water. He constructs a boat, which he uses to journey around the island. He takes time in self-reflection about his disobedience to his parents and relates to his isolation in the island. After spending some time in the island, approximately 15 years, he comes across a naked footprint. He is beset by apprehension, which gives him sleepless nights. This makes him consider different options and thus takes caution in case of any attack. Sometimes later, Crusoe finds himself terrified when encounters a pile of human bones along the shore.
This makes him become plagued with fears and explores the nature of cannibalism. Crusoe takes caution for several years, but he does encounter anything to cause alarm. He later spies cannibals keeping warm around a campfire. Later on, Crusoe saw another ship in distress. Everybody is drowned, which makes Crusoe companionless. He salvages for the provision from the ship. Cannibals land on the island and their victim escapes. Crusoe manages to save his life. This victim is known as Friday (Defoe 87-90). Together they make plans to leave the island. They construct another boat to serve their mission. Crusoe undertakes some of religious education given to him by Friday. Their voyage is postponed due to the return of other savages. This necessitates them to plan for an attack on the cannibals in a bid to save two prisoners. One of the prisoner is a white man and the others are Friday's father. For the first time in his entire stay, he gets companions. The four of them plans for a voyage to the mainland with sixteen companions allied to the Spaniard. They build their food supply to ensure that there is enough for all.
A week later Crusoe and his new friends spies a ship and later learns there is mutiny on board. Using devious means, Crusoe and Friday successful rescues the Captain. After much scheming, they regain control of the ship. The captain of the ship is grateful and thus gives Crusoe many gifts. Together with Friday, they sail to England. After return to England, he finds that he is very wealthy. He goes to Lisbon to handle personal affairs. A common denominator in the narration is adventures. The journey back to England is full of challenges and hardship but turns out to be successful. He never forgets his transition and thus, visits the old island on different accounts. After the return to England, he is lucky to find his family, but two of his sisters are deceased. After the return, he learns from the Portuguese captain that the plantations in the Brazil are highly profitable. He arranges the sale of the Brazilian land. On the return to England, Crusoe receives good news that the sale of his plantations is successful and thus reaping a good fortune. He donates a portion to the widow and his sisters.
The main theme is loneliness and human experience. This tale is about a lonely human being who manages long time loneliness in the island. He learns to overcome the shortcomings and accept the struggles he faces in life. It is a story, which shows how men cope with different realities of life when faced with hardship. It is also a tale of a young man creating his reality, rescuing a savage and orchestrating his own world in a deserted island. This tale has influenced other stories such as the film Castaway, Peter Wilkins and Philip Quarll. Robinson Crusoe has become an archetypal figure in English Literature. This tale is age appropriate and is filled with adult situations (Defoe 46). Cannibals and pirates visit at times Crusoe and his friends. This novel is written in the mind-set of Defoe and has many outdated concepts that may appear old and odd.
Character's Profile
The main characters in the narration are Robinson Crusoe, Friday and Portuguese Captain.
Crusoe is not displayed as a grand adventure or epic hero, but his character traits make him find reverence among a generation of readers. The perseverance and the skills he acquires in making a canoe make him acquire true praise. This has made him acquire recognition by Jean-Jacques Rousseau by applauding Crusoe's do-it yourself independence in his book Emile. He has business as well as survival instincts. Crusoe is having no interests of portraying himself as a hero in his reputation. He is depicted as an ordinary man never an exceptional hero. The admirable qualities need to be placed in balance with the flaws. He is incapable of deep feelings by abandoning his family. He worries much about the religious repercussion of his disobedience, but never displays remorse about leaving (Fishelov 119). Though generous by giving gifts to the captain and the sisters, there are little tender affections in his dealings with them.
As an individual personality, Crusoe is dull. With no boast in heroism, Crusoe is interested in power, possessions and prestige. He calls himself the king of the island and describes the Spaniard as the subjects. The readers, therefore, need to take royal delusions seriously. He teaches Friday to call him 'master'. This seems obnoxious even in the racism experienced during his times (Defoe and Shinagel 89-101). Crusoe loves to hear the ego-boosting words spoken to him. Crusoe virtues of independence, industrious and resourcefulness make him exemplary. His vices, which are social, and subjugating others make him treacherous. Defoe gives a fascinating glimpse of his successes, contradictions and failures, which constitute the modern man.
He is a colourful and vibrant character than the master. Defoe underscores contrast between Crusoe's and Friday personal values. His reunion with the father displays emotion towards the family than Crusoe who depicted cold and solitary. The emotional display is shown by his joy and singing after encountering his father. He has an expression of loyalty by even asking Crusoe to take his life rather than leaving him. Crusoe bring Friday Christianity, but Friday brings warmth and vitality of emotions.
Read also a book review and analysis of The Enigma of the Fight Club
Portuguese Captain
He appears in the novel at two important junctures (Fishelov 119). At the first instance, he rescues Crusoe and takes with him to Brazil, where he gets the chance of owning a sugar plantation. After twenty years, the Portuguese captain informs Crusoe that his plantations are secure. He arranges the sale of the plantation and forwards the proceeds to Crusoe. This displays the Captain as an agent of Crusoe's fortune. In the book, he presents the benefits of social links. The Portuguese captain helped Crusoe cash in his possession in Brazil. The captain is associated with an array of individual virtues. He is depicted as an honest friend by informing him about the possessions. He is loyal, which is showcased by honouring the duties towards him after twenty-eight years. He shows extreme generosity paying Crusoe more than the market value for animal skins (Fishelov 119). This makes him a paragon of excellence. This leaves that the reader with questions on why such values are included in the novel. The goodness of the captain makes him a moral counterpart to Friday.
This novel is exemplary narration of men living and their coping mechanism in different situations. At times, people finds themselves veering off from the path and reconstitute their lives. Though based in the past, experiences of Crusoe make us appreciate the importance of being independent. The story is a must-read for a person who would like to experience the adventures in the narration. It makes one realize the need to personal perseverance and working hard. The narration uses simple language to convey information to the readers.
Clark, Katherine. Daniel Defoe: The Whole Frame of Nature, Time and Providence. Basingstoke [England: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. Print.
Defoe, Daniel, and Michael Shinagel. Robinson Crusoe: An Authoritative Text, Contexts, Criticism. New York: Norton, 1994. Print.
Defoe, Daniel. The Life and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe: Complete and Unabridged. London: Wordsworth Editions, 2000. Print.
Fishelov, David. Dialogues With/and Great Books: The Dynamics of Canon Formation. Brighton [U.K.: Sussex Academic Press, 2012. Print.
The Tale of Genji was written to be delivered to the aristocratic women. The tale has a lot of elements that are found in a modern novel; it has a central character and several large number of minor characters. The novel does not make use of a plot, and instead the events just happen and the different characters often evolve by growing older. It is of importance to make note of the remarkable feature that exists in the tale of Genji; its internal consistency. This is despite the tale having several hundred characters. The characters age accordingly and the family as well as feudal relationships generally maintain a consistency that is extremely efficient. The novel gives information about the characters in a realistic way which helps build up the power of characterization. This paper is going to examine two characters from the story and explore how Murasaki imbues her characters with specificity and uniqueness, and how she uses dialogue to make her characters distinctive.
Hikaru Genji was blessed with beauty and a genius mind. This was the reason as to why he was referred to as the shining prince. Murasaki makes Hikaru Genji to be specific to different details and makes him a unique individual. She is able to manufacture a character that is like nobody else. For example, Hikaru Genji has two wives in an authorized sense throughout his life. He marries Lady Aoi as well as Onna San no Miya but has a lot of love affairs. He goes as far as to make love to his brother's consorts Oborozukiyo. This was illegal and incestuous, and although she was nominally the head of ladies in waiting, and she was no official consort, it was still a scandal. Murasaki is able to effectively weave the story around Genji. He makes Genji unique in that after the scandal; Genji has to move to Suma before he can be expelled officially. The story of Genji is almost like a journal, it shows almost every sphere of his life when growing up.
Genji uniqueness can also be seen in the way he cares for his family. Emperor Suzaku renounced his power in errand to Reizel the son of Genji with Fujitsubo. The prince came to the throne and after learning about the covert secret regarding his birth he decided to renounce his power in favor of his father Genji. Genji being a family person decided to make his biological daughter (Princess Akashi) to be the next empress. He never forgot Lady Akashi despite getting to the throne and brought her to Kyoto. Eventually, the wishes of Genji were met, her daughter became a consort to a prince and eventually an empress. At the mere age of forty, Genji decided t remarry and chose his niece Onna san no Miya. However, there was a person that lusted Onna San no Moya and even sought her love even when she was married to Genji. The man named Kashiwagi finally was tired with the waiting and entered the palace and raped Onna san no Miya. Genji finally came to understand that Kashiwagi had raped Onna and that they had a child (Morell, 121). He however decided to keep it a secret and brought up the child as his real third child. He, therefore, put family above everything else, and when Lady Murasaki died, he decided to become a vicar and veiled himself in saga. It is incredible that Murasaki was able to coin up this story in the 11th century and make a character so unique and special.
Kiritsubo consort is another interesting character in the Tale of Genji. She is uniquely woven into the story and is able to effectively play her role in the creation of the story. Kiritsubo is the biological mother to Genji. She is unique to the story as the emperor favored her over all the other ladies. She was calm and collected, and this might be the reason she was favored by the Emperor. Traditionally in Japan, people were respected according to the rank they had in the society. Men had a definite rank, however, for women they had to take the rank of the their eldest relative. Therefore, in order to make the story realistic, Muraski is able to effectively use the literary technique of allusion in order to make her story real. Kiritsubo consort had a relatively lower rank as compared to other women consorts that the Emperor had. They, therefore, felt jealous of the fact that the she was of a lower rank and also that the Emperor would stay with her longer than was generally considered as being proper (Murasaki 121).
This association went on for a few years, and it was extremely scandalous. From her character, it can be seen that Murasaki is able to create a fictional character that is lovable to almost everybody in the audience. She uses characterization and literal scenes such as normal aging process to show that indeed that the characters that she creates are real. She was one of the few first female writers to create a truly feministic woman who was not cowed by men or their domination. Kiritsubo consort is described as one of the first feministic women in literal history. She was bold and was able to oppose several stereotypes, as well as discrimination against women. She had what can be described as cultural feminism.
Her personality focuses on women's inherent differences with men. This includes her natural kindness, pacifism, tendencies to nurture, relationship focus as well as concern for others. Muraski uses real life dialogue situation in order to give life to Kiritsubo consort. Therefore, Murasaki coined a character who opposes an emphasis equality, but instead argues for increased value that is placed on culturally designated women's work. This is a completely realistic venture, and Kiritsubo is able to execute it efficiently and effectively. The other ladies did not like her boldness and the fact that the Emperor spent a lot of time with her made the other ladies begin to harass her.
The harassment increased, and Kiritsubo consort with all her goodness started to waste away. She could not keep up with other ladies harassing her, and she died three years after Genji's birth. This was a saddening moment, and she was one of the few characters that Murasaki killed.
In conclusion, it can be argued that Muraski can create unique characters and uses real life situations dialogue and personal characteristics such as loving, bold and stern to make characters distinct. She is also able to use real names ranks of different characters as their names and focuses on the tradition of the Japanese to make her story realistic. She also uses the literary technique of Allusion in order to make her story realistic and interesting.
Murasaki Shikibu, The tales of Genji. Abridged version. Sage: New York. (N.d). Print.
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HomeMilitary NewsFour Marines receive rare medal for rescuing drowning mother, daughters
Four Marines receive rare medal for rescuing drowning mother, daughters
Dylan Gresik
Four Marines received the Navy and Marine Corps Medal on Tuesday for rescuing a mother and her two daughters near Atlantic Beach, North Carolina, in June 2018.
From left, Staff Sgt. Leary Reicharwarfel, Sgt. Anders Larson, Cpl. Austin McMullen, and Cpl. Timothy Watson pose for a photo with the family they saved after receiving the Navy and Marine Corps Medal aboard Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina, January 28, 2020. (Staff Sgt. William L. Holdaway/Marine Corps)
Ali and Charles "Austin" Joy, pictured on Father's Day weekend 2018, at Atlantic Beach, North Carolina, the night before Austin passed away trying to rescue his daughters from a deadly rip current. (Float Don't Fight/Facebook)
The Navy and Marine Corps Medal, the Corps' highest noncombat decoration, is "awarded to individuals who, while serving in any capacity with the U.S. Navy or the U.S. Marine Corps, distinguish themselves by heroism" — often through lifesaving actions "performed at the risk of one's own life."
Staff Sgt. Leary K. Reichartwarfel, Cpl. Anders K. Larson, Cpl. Austin McMullen and Cpl. Timothy R. Watson noticed "a family of four in distress, caught in a rip current, about 100 yards out in the ocean," according to Friday press release.
The Marines called out to the family to, "Float on your back!" and not fight the current, before successfully pulling the mother, Ali Joy, and her two 8-year-old daughters out of the water.
Unfortunately, the girls' father, Charles "Austin" Joy Jr., was unresponsive when the Marines reached him. Atlantic Beach emergency services tried to resuscitate the man before transporting him to a local area hospital where he died, according to local news reports.
"My family would be dealing with a very different tragedy had the Marines not rescued me and my daughters. I know Austin, my husband, is with us — and thankful," Ali Joy told Marine Corps Times in a phone interview on Friday. "While none of us will be the same after the event, we are bound together in a meaningful and life-affirming way."
Following the rescue, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, took to social media to help identify the four Marines, as the family wished to thank them.
Joy and her daughters presented three of the four Marines (one could not attend due to service) with the Heroic Act Award from the U.S. Lifesaving Association in Virginia Beach, Virginia, in August 2019. It was the first time the family had seen the Marines since the rescue.
Tuesday's ceremony took place aboard Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina, where Maj. Gen. Karsten S. Heckl, 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing commanding general, presented the awards.
Established in 1942, the medal, which is considered higher than a Bronze Star, is equivalent to the U.S. Army's Soldier's Medal and the U.S. Air Force's Airman's Medal and has been awarded less than 3,000 times since its creation, Marine Corps Times previously reported. John F. Kennedy was the inaugural recipient of the award in 1944 for his command of Torpedo Boat PT-109 during World War II, prior to him becoming the 35th president of the United States.
"The gravity of this award, it's something that means more than the individual receiving it," medal recipient Cpl. Austin McMullen said in a Marine Corps video.
"It serves as a wakeup call, that life really means something," McMullen said in a Wednesday email to Marine Corps Times.
For Ali Joy, gratitude is her first reaction.
"Grateful ― for the Marines' instinctive bravery, for the team of Marines who took my call looking for my rescuers with no real details, found them and worked tirelessly for 16 months to ensure their recognition," she said. "Grateful for the armed forces as a whole who protect others in combat and noncombat situations."
Following her husband's passing, Ali Joy founded Float Don't Fight, a nonprofit organization dedicated to raising awareness about the dangers of rip currents. The group highlights the reminders to "bring a float, grab a float, be a float" for survival.
"I don't think it's any specific training, I think it's just general lifestyle," Sgt. Anders Larson said in a Wednesday email to Marine Corps Times. "Always being ready for something new."
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Домой The Moscow Post Sergey Nosov's «off-road map»
Sergey Nosov's «off-road map»
As the correspondent of The Moscow Post reports, Viktor Vekselberg and Roman Trotsenko decided to jointly develop the local Sokol airport in the Magadan region.
Experts believe that the oligarchs could have been specially invited to the region at the request of the Governor Sergey Nosov. Nosov may have an interest in another business in which Trotsenko and Vekselberg may participate.
The head of the region is no ordinary person: detractors attribute to him the ownership of a large ore-producing asset, Lex Electa LLC.
The company is engaged in the extraction of valuable metals, including a license to develop the Suroyamskoye Deposit of titanium-magnetite ores, which are unique in their reserves and range of minerals. Its proven reserves amount to 11 billion tons, and many entrepreneurs would like to enter the project together with Lex Electa.
This may explain the sudden interest in the reconstruction of such "monsters" as Trotsenko. The oligarch is actively entering the mining business. He recently owned a stake in the Petropavlovsk gold mining company.
In February 2020, Roman Trotsenko's structure Aeon Mining entered into an agreement with UGC of another prominent mining oligarch Konstantin Strukov to sell 22.4% of Petropavlovsk to it. That day, this package was worth $177 million on the London stock exchange, as Vedomosti writes.
Earlier, Trotsenko stated that he wanted to consolidate a number of mining assets. As RBC wrote, he was eyeing another company, GV Gold.
The Governor-earner
But, apparently, that deal did not meet his expectations. Is it always easier to work with the Governor of a Russian region than with a competitor in the market? Moreover, the Magadan region is very interesting for Trotsenko, for Strukov, who is not a stranger to him, and for Vekselberg and Deripaska.
According to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of the Magadan region, 2018 was a record year for gold production in the region over the past 20 years. Kolyma mineral resources gave about 36.8 tons of gold: 18.9 of ore, and over 17.8 tons of placer. About 696.4 tons of silver were also extracted.
But how can the Governor of the Russian region own a mining company? Not directly, of course. Lex Electa LLC belongs to the Cyprian offshore Cymoon Limited. It is classic, while the company for 2019 has no revenue, but has a profit of more than 40 million rubles with 263 million rubles of asset value.
If we look at this Cyprus offshore through the register of legal entities of this country, we can find that the Director of the company is a certain Nadezhda Nosova. By a strange coincidence, this is the name of the wife of the head of the Magadan region Sergey Nosov.
Nadezhda Nosova is listed as the Director of CYMOON LIMITED
Another indicative detail: a certain Boris Chernyakhovsky remains the permanent head of Lex Electa. It seems that the Manager is very closed from the press. It turned out that he, too, was not a stranger to Nosov. Chernyakhovsky began at the Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works, where Nosov worked at his time. They both left almost at the same time.
Later, Chernyakhovsky worked as a technical Director at RusSpetsStal, where Sergey Nosov was the General Director in 2007-2009. Even before that, Nosov managed to work at the rank of Vice-President for technology policy of EvrazHolding LLC of Roman Abramovich, so he must have an extensive network of connections with Russian oligarchs.
By the way, at the same Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works Nosov and Chernyakhovsky worked with another famous character — the former Governor of the Chelyabinsk region Boris Dubrovsky. It was under him that the region adopted a program for the construction of MPP just at the deposit pleased by Lex Electa.
According to Novaya Gazeta, in the past Dubrovsky was accused of abuse of office and causing damage to the region by 20 billion rubles. The latter hastened to retire to Switzerland before the case was closed, though Lex Electa is still working peacefully in the region.
The shadow of Gaddafi
So the Nosov family is not much "hidden" at all. Apparently, from a sense of self-importance, because members of the same family became almost legendary after the story of the Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi. The latter died during the civil war in 2011, but before that, a scandal was rumbling all over Europe.
It turned out that the French President of that time, Nicolas Sarkozy, who ordered the bombing of Libya, received money for his election campaign from this politician.
And the intermediary in the transfer of funds could be none other than the French businessman Alexander (Ahmed) Juhri. According to Novaya Gazeta, Juhri is a relative of Sergey Nosov, who in those years held a post of the mayor of Nizhny Tagil. According to the authors of Novaya Gazeta, Nosov's daughter married Juhri's son.
Much later, in 2018, after the death of Gaddafi, a corruption scandal broke out in connection with Sarkozy's financing, which quickly appeared in the media. It came to the detention of Nicolas Sarkozy in a corruption case.
Just in those years (the end of the tenth) Nosov already had a serious weight in business, despite working in the municipality of Nizhny Tagil. Let us remind that Lex Electa acquired the license to develop the Suroyamskoye field back in 2007. Nizhny Tagil tightly sat on the credit needle under Nosov: most of the 2 billion debts of the city accounted for loans. In addition, we must not forget that Uralvagonzavod, located near Nizhny Tagil, fell into a financial hole under mayor Sergey Nosov.
Before Nosov arrived in the Magadan region from Tagil, political scientists modestly assessed his prospects. As stated by the Deputy of the City Duma of Nizhny Tagil, political expert Konstantin Kiselev, Nosov is a manager who can manage well when there is a lot of money and there is no need to count it. "But to take 10 billion, so that 5 of them disappeared somewhere, and 5 went to a useful cause — this is "in Nosov style", Versiya quotes Kiselyov's words.
Apparently, in the story of the airport, even more funds may be lost. Perhaps he does not intend to stay longer than one term. At the beginning of 2020, the rating of governors of the Far Eastern region by Minchenko Consulting was released according to the rating of the State Council 2.0, where Nosov was second from the end.
According to some Media, during the management of the region, Nosov did not solve existing problems, but accumulated new ones. For example, waste is taken away more rarely, students are delayed scholarships and hospitals in villages are being closed. If the Governor thinks more about the business and invites oligarchs to help, it makes sense.
Nosov managed to quarrel with the local elites and, as they say, he skillfully solves problems with "undesirables". As soon as he arrived, Nosov dismissed head of the Governor's office Anna Rezvaya, for not being able to indicate in her income statement the amount of 33 thousand rubles. And this is despite the fact that Nosov's wife can manage Cyprus offshore companies, and the Deputy head of the Youth Affairs Department Alexey Popkov is strangely "forgiven" (the usual reprimand) for 180 thousand rubles not specified in the Declaration.
And this is not remembering the usual rudeness and strong words that detractors attribute to the Governor.
Most likely, he will begin to master what he gained "honestly" after his departure from office.
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text:
package com.metawiring.load.activities;

import com.metawiring.load.config.ActivityDef;
import com.metawiring.load.core.ExecutionContext;
import com.metawiring.load.generator.ScopedCachingGeneratorSource;

public interface ActivityContextAware<C> {

    /**
     * Initialize the shared context. This should be done only once, presumably by a single instance of the activity.
     * The result will be given to all activities to use as a form of inter-thread sharing. Any barrier conditions
     * should be embedded in the context implementation. This method will be called by whatever harness
     * is responsible for running the activity, and the result will be injected into all created instances.
     * @return A single shared context object instance of generic type C, to be used by all instances of this logical
     * activity.
     */
    C createContextToShare(ActivityDef def, ScopedCachingGeneratorSource genSource, ExecutionContext executionContext);

    /**
     * Each logical instance of the activity should load the context. This method will be called by whatever harness
     * is responsible for running the activity.
     * @param sharedContext
     */
    void loadSharedContext(C sharedContext);

    /**
     * An ugly hack to allow parameterized cast, because type-erasure has always been an ugly hack, and we don't
     * want the harness to have to encode type for this managed resource. Simply return C, or face casting errors.
     * @return
     */
    Class<?> getSharedContextClass();
}


At Wolviston Primary we like to give the children the opportunity to express their views and make their opinions count. We have a number of pupil groups who meet regularly with teachers and give feedback, discuss new initiatives and suggest activities for the school. They will often campaign too about important issues that effect school and/or the wider community. The teachers feedback to Mrs Haycock and she will meet with the groups too. There is also a School Improvement board dedicated to the children's ideas and targets for the year.


text:
The Wedding Plan Isn't Your Typical Rom
Anna/ December 18, 2017/ The Wedding Plan
A wedding planning checklist is a kind of essential planning tools that no bride ought to be with out. THE MARRIAGE PLAN is a poignant and humorous romantic comedy about love, marriage, and faith in life's infinite possibilities. She has the marriage planned as a result of she jilted her fiancé when she discovered he did not love her; he was keen to go through with it, but she wished extra.
Massimo reveals that he could not go forward with the marriage knowing that Mary was not in love with him and truly in love with Steve. The final scene is fascinating, as a fasting, exhausted Michal makes her technique to the ceremony. The Wedding ceremony Plan, a non secular film with the heartbeat of a crowd-pleaser (or perhaps vice versa), wastes no time establishing its stakes.
She nonetheless hasn't named a groom; everyone seems to be staring at her with pity and anticipation; and it takes a lot too long for the movie to take care of what the implications of this are. The premise and the title of The Marriage ceremony Plan" recommend a bubbly rom-com, but this prickly, delicately layered film from Rama Burshtein — an extremely-Orthodox director primarily based in Israel — has the tangled ambiguity of a Talmudic lesson.
Michal (Noa Koler) is engaged to be married till her fiancé dumps her. THE MARRIAGE PLAN is a poignant and humorous romantic comedy about love, marriage, and faith in life's infinite prospects. I have by no means seen an Israeli film, nonetheless the faith that Mihals's character displayed sometimes wacky, funny, quixotic, however incredibly sincere made for an unexpected and totally authentic story.
It is powerful to spend two hours with this marriage-obsessed ultraOrthodox girl, who's still single on the scandalous age of 32. In a way, the movie might be called "The Misadventures of Courting within the Orthodox-Jewish Neighborhood", and there are some funny moments for certain, though I wouldn't name this film an outright comedy.
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The green bond movement has been going strong for over a decade. Since the green bond market first opened in 2007, more than USD$1 trillion worth of green bonds have been issued globally as investors have started to see a sustainable future as a profitable one. You'd think a global pandemic – that has led to the loss of 400 million full-time jobs and the worst stock market crash since 1987 – would halt it in its tracks. However, green bonds have defied the odds. Since the beginning of 2020, a total of 366 green bonds issuances have been launched globally, with a total of $168.2 billion raised by companies, financial institutions and governments, according to a new analysis by global law firm Linklaters. With the door open for the next green bonds hub to emerge, Hong Kong might be the first one through.
Admittedly, its growth rate is expected to slow – particularly in the APAC region where China's green bond issuing market experienced a 63% dip from 2019 to 2020 – due to investors' shift towards social bonds that sustain projects addressing COVID-19 (i.e. investment in public healthcare). However, this doesn't change the fact that green bonds – capturing debt capital in the market to finance sustainable projects – are highly capable of transforming the global economy by driving long-term growth and enabling long-term environmental sustainability.
Oversubscription – where demand has exceeded the number of green bonds available – has become the norm for green bond issuances, due to its expected market growth as sustained investment in climate projects (estimated to reach $90 trillion by 2030) increases as part of nations' efforts to achieve carbon reduction targets set in the Paris Agreement. In other words, with climate change firmly on the global agenda, the use of green bonds will continue to be an active instrument for governments and private sectors to consistently invest in eco-friendly projects ranging from energy efficiency and pollution prevention to clean transportation and implementation of new green technologies.
However, to further advance the green agenda, the green bonds market necessitates a hub that can facilitate its global transactions across a diverse set of investor markets.
Figure 1. Primary market for green bonds and geographical diversification worldwide
(Alonso-Conde and Rojo-Suarez, 2020)
The above indicates trends in the primary green bond market up to 2019, as well as geographical diversification worldwide, where (a) shows both new issues and market size ($billion), while (b) shows the geographical distribution of green bond issuers world (currency in USD). There is a notable increase both in terms of the expansion of the green bond market as well as the diversification across various regions spanning Europe, North America and Asia. With a rapidly expanding investor base, it becomes important to establish a platform capable of accommodating investors' diverse set of needs and requirements.
What better place to create a green international finance centre than Hong Kong, an already-international financial one?
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Hong Kong at night.
Hong Kong is set on becoming the future hub for green finance. In August 2020 during his budget speech, Financial Secretary Paul Chan announced that the HK government would be issuing HKD$66 billion (USD$8.5 billion) in green bonds in the coming 5 years. That is a staggering amount, considering the fact that between 2016 – when the city issued its first green bond – and 2019, the city's total green bond issuance stood at a mere USD$7.1 billion of a USD$672.4 billion global green bonds market, according to Climate Bonds Initiative.
Widespread acceptance of green bonds in Hong Kong hasn't happened quickly. In fact, Hong Kong has launched several initiatives for the past few years to advocate for the green bonds cause.
From launching a green bond scheme in November 2018 with a borrowing ceiling of HKD$100 billion (the first issuance of sovereign green bonds across Asia) that would attract domestic and overseas entities from both public and private sectors, and becoming the first signatory in Asia of the Green Bond Pledge in 2019 (in support of green bond issuances for infrastructure), to establishing increasing levels of internationally compatible certification and disclosure standards for its green bond issuances, Hong Kong has made its intentions clear: it wants to become a leader of green bonds in the APAC region and a key role model for the region moving forward.
Other countries aren't far behind. For instance, Malaysia is set to become the first emerging market country to introduce a green principle-based taxonomy for banks to help tackle climate-related risks. On the other hand, Hong Kong's "rival" Singapore has already unveiled an ambitious action plan which includes a green investment programme for asset managers that aims to foster a strong foundation for green bond trading. With investor demand for green products projected to remain robust moving forward, a lot of other markets in the region will also be competing to become the next leading green finance hub. Needless to say, Hong Kong will have its hands full for the coming years.
So what exactly makes it stand out more across its other competitors? One reason is its unique political and regional location in connection to the Greater Bay Area (GBA). Located at the heart of Asia, Hong Kong thrives as an extensively networked, financial integrated centre predicated on a sound legal system, low and simple tax regime, free flow of capital, full range of financial products and a large pool of financial talents. But it is also the fact that Hong Kong has close financial integration with Mainland China that provides an indication of its future green success. With its strong ties to China, Hong Kong in the past few decades has essentially acted as an intermediary between China and the international community.
Despite recent political turmoil, Hong Kong remains a strong bridge to China primarily due its compatibility with the Belt and Road Initiative. Infrastructure construction is a major component of the Belt and Road Initiative. Appropriately, green bonds are ideal instruments for financing the construction of sustainable infrastructure, given its characteristics of sizable financing amount with long maturity, and taking into account the protection of ecosystem and livelihood. With its ideal geographical location within the Greater Bay Area, Hong Kong has a great potential for attracting green bond issuance to support infrastructure projects along the Belt and Road, which would be beneficial to market development in the long run.
As it stands, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange is Asia's third-largest capital market and has been the top initial public offerings market in seven of the past 11 years. Projects in the Greater Bay Area, which comprises Hong Kong, Macau and nine mainland cities, can use Hong Kong to tap funds for green projects, such as making buildings more energy efficient and mitigating flood risks arising from climate change. Furthermore, attractions for mainland firms issuing green bonds in Hong Kong include lower dollar and euro financing costs and more flexibility in timing and size of issuance. Additionally, with mainland authorities relaxing policies to allow green bond issuers to convert foreign-currency proceeds into yuan and remit them to the mainland when they wish, this facilitates even greater convenience that may lead to rapid transactions between HK and the Greater Bay Area. Under these robust circumstances, as one of the most competitive financial systems globally, Hong Kong has the opportunity to capitalise on its robust institutional environment and strategic location in Asia to establish its position as a financial hub capable of meeting green investment needs across the region.
Of course, there are still many steps that need to be taken before we begin proclaiming Hong Kong's ascension to the green finance throne. For Hong Kong to attain this status, it will be critical for the government to build a policy framework and taxonomy that clearly outlines what activities are considered as sustainable actions. As of now, there is no industry-wide standard that justifies all investments, which can lead to greenwashing. It also results in supply becoming lower than demand in the green bond space due to a lack of clarity on project eligibility for some sectors, among other problems. While some work has been done by the Hong Kong Quality Assurance Agency (HKQAA) and the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) on what constitutes as a green investment, most of these standards remain fragmented and voluntary which leaves room for organisational exemption. It will be the Hong Kong government's responsibility to push through a global standard for green bonds that is sustainably acceptable and can increase the supply of sustainable bonds over time. The HKEX's mandatory disclosure standards for corporations, effective as of July 1 2020, and its decision to create Asia's first sustainable financial information platform – named STAGE – is a good start. Further, to push through these changes from an operations standpoint, the government will have to consider allocating more funds to green asset managers to help them grow, either through the Hong Kong Monetary Authority's Exchange Fund or provident funds.
The fight for the most viable green hub will be a tight and fiercely contested battle across the APAC region. But if Hong Kong is able to maintain its status as a financial hub, while extending its regulations so that it is compatible with both the GBA and the EU taxonomy, it might have the greatest chance in advancing the green bond agenda of the future.
A UN-backed investor network report has warned that policies to tackle the climate crisis will result in 'dramatic changes' to the corporate value of companies by 2025, with the biggest polluters hardest hit and the greenest companies boosted.
According to the forecast by the Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) investor network, the 100 most carbon-intensive companies could stand to lose up to 43% of their corporate value, totalling USD $1.4 trillion, while the 100 best performers will gain up to 33% of their corporate value, totalling $0.7 trillion.
According to the forecast, the best performing 10% of companies in the energy sector who invest heavily in renewables will see their valuations more than double, while the worst performing 10%, with minimal share of green minerals sales, will see their corporate values halve. Car manufacturers with the highest level of investment in electric vehicles could see their corporate value increase by 108%.
Firms investing heavily in beef cattle are also expected to lose up to 15% of their corporate value, while those investing in meat substitutes are expected to gain at least 10%. Major beef producers in at-risk jurisdictions like Indonesia and Brazil could lose almost half their corporate value because of dwindling markets and legal exposure to lawsuits over environmental impacts, including deforestation.
The PRI says that the policies believed to have the greatest financial impact over the forecast period include bans on internal combustion engines by 2035 which lead to a reduced demand for fossil fuels, carbon pricing which will be crippling for higher emitters, a disruption in the utilities sector amid 93% of total power generation coming from low carbon sources by 2050 and zero deforestation policies by 2030 that crack down on commodity supply chains.
The total value of global sustainable investments in 2018 stood at US$ 30.7 trillion- growth of 34% over two years- which is a little under the combined GDP for the US and China at the time.
As per a report by the Global Sustainable Investment Alliance (GSIA), Europe has the highest value of sustainable investing assets, with nearly half of the total global assets from the region, closely followed by the US. Additionally, green funds are now bearing improved returns from a decade ago, when a 2012 study concluded that they 'underperformed on a risk-adjusted basis' compared to traditional funds.
An important part of encouraging green financing is to better manage environmental and social risks, pursue opportunities that bring both a decent rate of return and environmental benefit and deliver greater accountability.
Benefits of Moving to a Green Economy
Green financing reduces downside risks associated with the climate crisis, such as desertification, water scarcity and loss of ecosystem services, as well as the impacts of local air, soil and water pollution. It should help reduce energy poverty through the provision of low-cost distributed renewable energy systems.
Low, middle and high-skilled job creation is another benefit; it aids in poverty reduction, particularly through improvements of agricultural productivity of rural smallholders. Other opportunities available to governments include the improved health and well-being of the population, leading to higher levels of productivity and reducing the costs of health care, the overarching effect being an economy attractive to investment opportunities.
Investing in sustainable projects leads to not only improved energy security, but it is also a vehicle for innovation. There are growing opportunities for investment in the building, transport, energy and waste sectors in particular, as well as in manufacturing, agriculture and others. The services sector support that is needed in many of these sectors will also be an important part of the green economy.
Another advantage of green financing is the opening up of new export markets, including for biofuels, solar panels and wind turbines. With this, sustainable development-related standards and codes will no doubt be implemented and enforced. Governments can focus on enabling exporters to meet such standards, working with the private sector to communicate the content of the regulations and to help firms identify, acquire and assimilate the technologies needed. Secondly, governments can work on developing and enforcing domestic standards that are not too far from those required internationally. Such standards are important in building up private sector capacity to successfully export to demanding key markets.
How Can Companies and States Make the Transition?
In a UN-sponsored report by a panel of experts, strategies were discussed to be adopted by states and companies in transitioning to a greener agenda.
The report states that developed countries have to take the lead in changing their production and consumption patterns while developing countries should maintain their development goals but adopt sustainable practices while doing so. Much of the move towards a green economy will require international collaboration to assist developing countries. Efforts where this international support could be important include: helping exporters meet stringent international environmental and social standards, both private and public, setting appropriate and ambitious targets for clean energy provision, accompanied by incentives such as feed-in tariffs or quotas, removing subsidies for polluting energy sources and technologies, strengthening social systems to help cushion and facilitate the transition with minimal negative social impacts, investing in education and training, supporting research and development, linking public research and private sector users and identifying and dismantling non-tariff barriers to imports of environmental goods and services such as wind turbines, efficient light bulbs and environmental engineering.
Beyond supporting developing countries, there are ways in which international collaboration is needed to allow the global community to move towards green economic growth, including: reducing or eliminating tariff and non-tariff barriers and working to get new technologies more quickly to market through international research and development cooperation, support for financing, etc.
Investment is crucial for the green economy and more broadly, sustainable development. The report estimates that in just the area of energy, an average incremental investment (over the baseline case) of more than USD $1 trillion per year is needed up until 2050 to achieve even the minimum required mitigation as described by the IPCC, with two-thirds of this investment needed in developing countries.
Institutional improvements may facilitate a move to a green economy. The UN Environment Programme (UNEP) argues that in some countries this shift will involve improved governance, and adds that transparency and accountability will contribute to this end, which will reduce the probability of misallocation of resources.
Through its resource efficiency programme, the UNEP endeavours to offer countries the service of reviewing their policy and regulatory environment for the financing system and developing sustainable finance roadmaps. It also aims to assist central banks and regulators on how to best improve the regulatory framework of domestic financial markets to support and encourage green finance initiatives, and work with policy makers and private sector leaders to connect to green economy initiatives and catalyse the policy action that inspires and informs both public and private investors.
It is imperative that companies shift their policies towards a more green future or risk closure. In the world of renewable and sustainable technology, there is space and opportunity for every firm and state to be winners. The capital that is allocated today will shape the ecosystems and the production and consumption patterns of tomorrow.
This piece was written as part of an editorial partnership with Impakter.
Sustainable finance has gone through a spectacular growth trajectory over the past decade – its adoption as a standard practice by most major asset managers and banks has served to perpetuate this boom as a transformative force in the financial sector. While tremendous progress has undoubtedly been made, major gaps still exist in financing a global transition to a sustainable development pathway. What barriers remain, and how can these be addressed?
From an obscure niche market over a decade ago, sustainable or 'green' finance has grown tremendously in recent years. Valued at USD$30.7 trillion as of early 2018, global sustainable investment had approached the combined GDP volume of China and the EU.
Spurred by rising consumer demand, alongside external pressure by civil groups and public institutions, ESG functions (functions that stress the importance of environmental, social and government factors) have proliferated across the financial sector to provide a more holistic assessment of loans and investments, especially in pension funds which are averse to reputational risks. These efforts are occasionally criticised for their alleged inadequacy, evidenced recently in TCI's (an investment management firm) allegations of BlackRock's 'greenwashing' for not leveraging its public equity investments to prompt greenhouse gas emissions disclosures. Despite present shortcomings, several major asset managers are setting ambitious goals for the near future. Schroders has committed to full ESG investment integration by 2020, while BlackRock aims to double its offerings of sustainability-focused exchange traded funds to 150, alongside increasing its sustainable assets 10-fold from USD$90 billion today to USD$1 trillion within 10 years. Action is also taking place on the selling side of the industry, with bulge-bracket bank Goldman Sachs pledging USD$750 billion for climate transition projects in the coming decade, a sum exceeding the size of Switzerland's economy today. Given the size and credibility of these financial institutions, the impact of these statements backed by tangible actions should not be underestimated, as they create strong signals that environmental sustainability will continue growing as a key focus in the years to come.
Without neglecting the benefits of these commitments, it is important to bear in mind that mitigating the detrimental effects of climate change is an inherently hefty expenditure, even before considering how to reverse it. A 2013 study by the World Economic Forum forecasted that mitigation in the Global South alone will incur expenses of more than US$600 billion annually, whilst stabilising worldwide GHGs to 450ppm of CO2 necessitates annual green infrastructural investments of about USD$5.7 trillion. Fortunately, these grand challenges also generate opportunities for value-creation, with climate investments projected to open up about USD$23 trillion of opportunities in emerging markets alone. Despite commendable institutional progress made through the Green Climate Fund (GCF), even its target pledge of US$100 billion per year from 2020 falls short of addressing these financing needs, by orders of magnitude. Fiscal constraints inhibit the ability of governments to take on the sole responsibility in funding this transition to a more sustainable developmental pathway, necessitating the need for private sector involvement.
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Global Sustainable Investing Asset Allocation 2018 (Source: GSIA).
Whilst essential, an accelerating growth of sustainable finance alone would be insufficient in combating climate change without undertaking further structural changes. Even in the Global North, over half of sustainable investment assets take the form of public equities, with a far smaller proportion being directly allocated to infrastructural development- though the latter may grow to be increasingly lucrative with looming macroeconomic conditions of low interest rates and reduced returns on stocks.
More vital, however, is to cease provision of loans and services to environmentally destructive companies, which many major banks are still involved in. These banks frequently adopt contradictory policies; for instance, whilst Goldman Sachs recently became the first major American bank to cease direct financing for Arctic oil exploration alongside thermal coal mines and plants around the globe, this did not exclude other fossil fuel operations such as fracking and tar sands. Indeed, Goldman Sachs has been selected as one of the banks to lead the initial public offering (IPO) of state-owned oil giant Saudi Aramco, alongside its bulge-bracket counterparts of JPMorgan and Morgan Stanley. In view of the present-day profitability and entrenched interests in favour of fossil-fuels, it is unsurprising that global investment in renewable energy still lags far behind, with similar trends being observed in industries such as mining or chemicals. Ultimately, sustainable finance remains but a means to a greater end goal, which cannot be realised without extensive policy action.
This is part of an editorial partnership with Impakter for its Green Finance series.
In November 2019, the activist hedge fund TCI Fund Management released their Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Investment Policy statement on publicly traded equities in a push for disclosure of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and low-carbon transition plans. TCI believes its activist investor approach facilitates more sustainable business procedures, while reducing exposure of investments to climate change-related risks. Could these measures prompt wider climate action in the finance industry?
Over the past decade, major controversies like the Volkswagen emissions scandal or BP Deepwater Horizon spill were followed by significant declines in stock prices, alerting investors and the public on the importance of considering the societal and environmental impacts of these companies beyond their short-term profits. ESG consideration has hence begun to take off, fuelled by the desire of investors to reduce volatility of returns by mitigating climate and reputational risks, alongside humanitarian considerations of financing improvements in society. From a niche term in the finance industry, ESG has grown to form the basis of the UK's new Green Finance Strategy, mandating that publicly listed companies and large asset owners must disclose how their operations are affected by climate change risk by 2022, with the wider goal of reducing GHG emissions to net zero by 2050.
Growth of ESG measured in assets under management (AUM) and Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) signatories (Source: ETF Research Insights).
However, the Green Finance Strategy has been criticised as being 'too little and too late'. This sentiment was shared by private-sector representatives such as TCI Managing Partner and Portfolio Manager Sir Christopher Hohn, who believes that investors should play a leading role in forcing GHG emissions disclosure, given that government policies are not far-reaching enough.
True to these views, TCI released its updated ESG Investment Policy in late 2019, asserting that it will vote against all directors of companies which lack both a public disclosure of GHG emissions and credible plans for their reduction, as well as auditors whose Annual Report and Accounts fail to report material climate risks. By exerting pressure on its portfolio companies to adopt more environmentally-friendly business operations, TCI aims to reduce their susceptibility to climate change-related risks arising from future regulatory, litigation or physical asset impairment costs, while preserving long-term brand reputation and competitiveness. TCI currently manages more than $28 billion in assets.
While TCI's actions mark the latest steps forward for ESG amongst investment firms, much more work remains to be done. Notably, Hohn has criticised BlackRock– the world's largest asset manager- of 'greenwashing' (making an unsubstantiated or misleading claim about the environmental benefits of a product, service, technology or company practice), as it does not mandate GHG emissions disclosures from portfolio companies. Without discounting TCI's efforts, a wider paradigm shift in the finance industry remains necessary to effectively combat the ensuing climate crisis.


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Q: IE striping headers from HTTP POST request to S3 I'm doing straight-to-S3 multipart file upload via AJAX. Everything works fine under all browsers but IE.
S3 requires an Authorization HTTP header in each POST request which contains the signature of the file slice being uploaded.
It appears IE strips out this header from the request, yielding a 403 response.
What's more funny is that IE does not strip another custom S3 header: x-amz-date.
Any idea how I can force the 'Authorization' header in?
As requested, here is my code :
initiateUpload: function() {
  var response = this.sign({method:'POST', path: this.key + '?uploads'});
  this.request({
    method: 'POST',
    url: response.url,
    headers: {
      'x-amz-date': response.date,
      'Authorization': response.signature
    },
    onLoad: this.uploadParts.bind(this)
  });
},

request: function(params){
  var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
  if (params.onLoad) xhr.addEventListener("load", params.onLoad, false);
  if (params.onUploadStart) xhr.upload.onloadstart = params.onUploadStart;
  if (params.onUploadProgress) xhr.upload.onprogress = params.onUploadProgress;
  xhr.open(params.method, params.url, true);
  for (h in params.headers)
    xhr.setRequestHeader(h, params.headers[h]);
  xhr.send(params.body);
},

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
world warcraft
World of Warcraft classic now live
World of Warcraft classic now live.
Gray veterans and stalwart newcomers alike can now experience Azeroth as it was in its earliest days with World of Warcraft Classic, which is live starting today and included at no extra cost as part of everyone's WoW subscription worldwide. World of Warcraft Classic has been a labor of love for Blizzard, and the result is an authentic re-creation of the pre-expansion game in its most complete state, as it appeared during the 2006 Drums of War update (patch 1.12 0.0). Blizzard has continued to bring WoW Classic worlds online to accommodate the more than two million players who have created characters in anticipation of today's launch, and will work to add more based on player population trends.
Played by over 140 million players over the last 15 years, World of Warcraft has evolved significantly in seven expansions, with numerous features, enhancements, and quality of life improvements. In many ways, World of Warcraft Classic is more unforgiving and demanding of player self-direction than the current version of the game. Community ties are paramount – activities such as raids and dungeon runs must be organized collectively by players in the same realm, with the most difficult challenges requiring 40 coordinated and dedicated souls to overcome.
Classic's Azeroth is equal parts wonder and danger, and its trials will push players to their limits. In the midst of all-out war, the Alliance and the Horde were created to reckon with forces whose powers transcend their own brutal conflict – including some of the Warcraft® universe's most iconic and love-hated villains, such as Ragnaros the Firelord and the Archlich Kel'Thuzad.
"It's been a long time coming, but we're thrilled to welcome our friends new and old to classic Azeroth," said J. Allen Brack, president of Blizzard Entertainment. "The community's excitement is contagious and highly motivating – it's clear they're just as excited as we are to relive the World of Warcraft Classic experience. We look forward to rediscovering the wonders and challenges with them, starting today. "
World of Warcraft Classic will continue to expand in the weeks and months following today's launch, giving players the chance to experience pivotal moments in previously lost Azeroth history. Among the many features and activities introduced to the game in six stages are iconic raids such as Blackwing Lair, Zul'Gurub, and Naxxramas; player-vs-player battlefields such as Warsong Gulch, Arathi Basin, and the classic version of Alterac Valley; and timed server-wide events such as the Ahn'Qiraj War Effort and the Scourge Invasion.
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World of Warcraft Classic marks WoW's 15th anniversary ahead of the celebrations planned for the coming months. The festivities kick off with an in-game event in World of Warcraft's latest expansion, Battle for Azeroth, where top-level players can take part in a special attack that brings together some of the most powerful bosses in WoW history. Players who complete the attack will receive the Obsidian Worldbreaker Mount, inspired by the dreaded Dragon Aspect Deathwing the Destroyer.
In addition, all Battle for Azeroth players who log in during the 15th Anniversary Event will earn limited-time bonuses, including a Lil' Nefarian pet, a memorable in-game achievement, and more. Further details will be announced in the coming weeks.
Current World of Warcraft subscribers can currently access Classic through the Battle.net desktop app.
For more information about World of Warcraft Classic, visit the official website at www.worldofwarcraft.com.
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Japanese Nissan Skyline Van VBC110 brochure.
This is a Dutch Nissan Sunny N13 / B12 brochure from 1990. It includes the technical specifications leaflet and the pricelist from the same year.
This is a Dutch Suzuki Cappuccino brochure from 1994.
This is a Japanese Toyota Liteace Truck Brochure from 1986.
This is a Japanese Toyota Liteace Wagon Brochure from August 1986.