text:
Supply Professional - Canada's leading professional supply chain magazine
Risk/Compliance
Prof Development
Irishman set to lead EU future trade talks with UK, US
By Lorne Cook And Sam Petrequin THE ASSOCIATED PRESS	 On Sep 10, 2019
BRUSSELS—The incoming president of the European Union's powerful executive arm on Tuesday nominated Irishman Phil Hogan to lead future EU trade talks, which could put him in charge of negotiations with Britain after Brexit.
Hogan, whose country is set to be hit hard economically by Brexit, would also lead talks with the United States at a time of deep trans-Atlantic trade tensions. His name was among 25 new commissioners set to take up their posts in November.
Margrethe Vestager, who has angered the Trump administration by imposing hefty anti-trust fines on big US tech firms, is set to retain her job as competition chief. And in what appears to be a major concession to debt-burdened Italy, former prime minister Paolo Gentiloni was offered the job of economy commissioner.
Praising Hogan as "a hard and a fair negotiator," European Commission president-elect Ursula von der Leyen said that "the trade commissioner, who will have to deal with the future trade agreement we will be negotiating (with Britain), is an excellent choice."
The commission—a massive European bureaucracy headquartered in Brussels with some 33,000 staff—proposes EU legislation and ensures that the rules are enforced.
It also negotiates trade agreements with other countries on behalf of the 28 EU member countries. Once Britain leaves—Brexit is currently scheduled for Oct. 31—London would face the long and arduous task of drawing up new trade relations with its European partners.
Hogan will join forces with former Brexit deputy negotiator Sabine Weyand, who was in June appointed head of the commission's trade directorate.
Hogan, who is currently serving as agriculture commissioner, said via Twitter that he was "very pleased" with the nomination. "This is undoubtedly one of the most important economic portfolios" at the commission and "the appointment comes at a very important time for the European Union."
In a tweet, Irish Prime Minister Leo Varadkar said the move "is a very positive development for Ireland. We sought a major economic brief in the new European Commission, and I am very satisfied that we have secured it."
Von der Leyen's new team is due in office on Nov. 1, once the members have been vetted by the European Parliament.
Hogan comes to the trade portfolio amid great tensions not only over Brexit but also with the United States over President Donald Trump's decision to impose tariffs on the Europeans, among other countries.
Trump administration officials have accused the European commission of dragging its feet in talks on a new, limited, trade agreement. But the EU team, led by Cecilia Malmstrom, insists the ball is the US court.
Von der Leyen, a former German defence minister whose appointment as president was praised last week by the US envoy to Brussels, sought to ease any tensions.
"I think we always should keep in mind that if we start tit-for-tat behaviour, whatever our concerns, others will have the benefit of it; neither the United States nor the European Union. It's always smart to sit down and talk about these topics, to see what is in our both common interest," she said.
Trump has also been angered by the EU's aggressive moves to crack down on market abuse by major companies, particularly US tech companies, which have led to billions of dollars in fines on the likes of Google and Microsoft. But not only does current competition commissioner, Vestager, retain her portfolio—she receives extra clout in a promotion that would see her become a commission Executive Vice-President.
Gentiloni's appointment as economy commissioner comes after the government in Rome narrowly avoided legal action this year over its massive public debt. Italy's previous populist administration was widely critical of the commission, accusing it of imposing economic policy on the country that was stifling growth.
The migration portfolio, currently held by Greece's Dmitris Avramopoulos, will soon be shared between two commissioners: Greek politician Margaritis Schinas—to become a vice-president with the Orwellian-sounding brief "Protecting our European Way of Life"—and Sweden's Ylva Johansson who is set to become the new home affairs commissioner.
European Uniontariffstrade
US consumer borrowing posts biggest gain since late 2017
CMHC reports annual pace of housing starts climbed 1.9 per cent in August
Nolan Transportation Group acquires Eagle Transportation
For major shippers, 2019 ended on a sour note
Senate passes US Canada Mexico trade deal
Microsoft: 'carbon negative' by 2030 even for supply chain
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What would you say if I told you today that God knew you before time began, that He knew you; while you were yet in your mother's womb? One day soon, God will bring His Son, Jesus Christ back to take you home with Him forever, and all that you knew about Him will be as real as your hand in front of your face!
God knows you thoroughly, He is fully aware of all your faults, fears, dreams, ambitions. There is no one I know who can say they know you in this way. It becomes a very personal significant thought to know that in spite of whom I am, a sinner, in need of mercy, and forgiveness, that He considers me to be important to Him, important enough that He has secured this promise by His own blood; all, His own doing.
God gave His only begotten Son, that He would take my place to secure the promise in this passage. It doesn't matter what we've done, who we are, Jesus Christ has paid for our redemption in full, by His own blood, bringing us into the presence of a Mighty Loving God who has prepared an awesome, unbelievable future, a real place that if He were to show us right now, we wouldn't be able to comprehend it.
Jesus Christ, Himself, has redeemed us, forgiven us of all our sins, and has already made the preparations to welcome you into His Kingdom.
It's strange that many of the things we anticipate and even dream about, when it's all said and done are much less glorious in real life than they were in our imaginations.
Surrounded by Your glory, what will my heart feel? Will I dance for You Jesus, or in awe of You be still? Will I stand in Your presence, or to my knees will I fall? Will I sing hallelujah, will I be able to speak at all? I can only imagine, yeah, I can only imagine.
I can only imagine, when that day comes, and I find myself, standing in the sun, I can only imagine, when all I will do is forever, forever worship You, I can only imagine, I can only imagine.
I think the closest thing we can relate this to would be maybe something when we were children, something we were promised and we trusted unconditionally that it would come to pass. I still remember when I was 7 years old, I was promised that in "two weeks I would be going to the 'Magic Kingdom' otherwise known as Disneyland.
I couldn't quite grasp the meaning of how long two weeks would be; and so it seemed that almost every day I would be asking, is the day today? Is this the day I'll be going to Disneyland? Full of anticipation, wonder, and excitement, I really didn't know just what it would be like when I actually got there, but one thing for sure; it captured my imagination! When the day finally came, it was truly amazing! The sights, sounds, smell.
In an even more greater way will be the day when we get to go home to the Eternal Kingdom of God!
It will be more than my eyes have ever seen, even more than I have ever heard! More even than my mind has ever conceived!
The dictionary defines the word conceived as "to take in and hold, to grasp, to take" God has already prepared an amazing destination for believer's that in the phrase: "Would blow your mind" wouldn't be able to describe it; it's within our grasp because the One who made the promise, prepared it, lives in us. We can never fear that we could lose this glorious promise from God.
And it all begins within our ability to fathom, to dream, and anticipate the return of the One who made it all possible, our Lord Jesus Christ!
The Bible teaches us that in our sojourn here on planet earth, we as Pilgrims are to redeem our time. We need to 'buy in' to things that are more than anything on earth.
In closing, what a comfort for us to know that God has already prepared this place for us. It's not a 'figment of our imagination' as the world might think, it's a real place. And with real people. Most important, while the world continues to try and dispel Jesus Christ as a myth, we know that He is real, and alive forever more!
And so, be encouraged wherever you are, that God is mindful of you, your works, and your love for the brethren. Your work of love is not in vain, because His Word, 'will not return void'. Take this passage today and write it on the palm of your hand, that you would be reminded and others would see that this man, this woman, was a child of the Living God.


Wine wizard Michael Olivier presents a pair from Joostenberg to our tasting panel. These are the Agteros Chenin Blanc 2015 and Klippe Kou Syrah 2013. There is also a discussion on how to educate yourself on wines – where to get advice, information and a few tasting samples.
The tasting panel are brazen brander Jeremy Sampson, superstar economist Mike Schussler and IT expert Malcolm MacDonald.


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Thyroid Anatomy
Author: Dominique Dorion, MD, MSc, FRCSC, FACS; Chief Editor: Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA
The thyroid is a highly vascular, brownish-red gland located anteriorly in the lower neck, extending from the level of the fifth cervical vertebra down to the first thoracic. The gland varies from an H to a U shape and is formed by 2 elongated lateral lobes with superior and inferior poles connected by a median isthmus, with an average height of 12-15 mm, overlying the second to fourth tracheal rings. (See the image below.) The isthmus is encountered during routine tracheotomy and must be retracted (superiorly or inferiorly) or divided. Occasionally, the isthmus is absent, and the gland exists as 2 distinct lobes. The video below depicts an ultrasonographic view of the right lobe of the thyroid gland.[1, 2]
Thyroid gland, anterior and lateral views.
Each lobe is 50-60 mm long, with the superior poles diverging laterally at the level of the oblique lines on the laminae of the thyroid cartilage. (The video below depicts an ultrasonographic view of the right lobe of the thyroid gland.) The lower poles diverge laterally at the level of the fifth tracheal cartilage. Although thyroid weight varies, it averages 25-30 g in adults (it is slightly heavier in women). The gland enlarges during menstruation and pregnancy.
Sonogram of a normal right lobe of the thyroid gland. Video courtesy of David L Francis, MD.
A conical pyramidal lobe often ascends from the isthmus or the adjacent part of either lobe (more often the left) toward the hyoid bone, to which it may be attached by a fibrous or fibromuscular band, the levator of the thyroid gland. Remnants of the thyroglossal duct may persist as accessory nodules or cysts of thyroid tissue between the isthmus and the foramen caecum of the tongue base. Usually, 2 pairs of parathyroid glands lie in proximity to the thyroid gland. (See also Embryology of the Thyroid and Parathyroids.)
Innervation of the thyroid
Principal innervation of the thyroid gland derives from the autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic fibers come from the vagus nerves, and sympathetic fibers are distributed from the superior, middle, and inferior ganglia of the sympathetic trunk. These small nerves enter the gland along with the blood vessels. Autonomic nervous regulation of the glandular secretion is not clearly understood, but most of the effect is postulated to be on blood vessels, hence the perfusion rates of the glands.
Under the middle layer of deep cervical fascia, the thyroid has an inner true capsule, which is thin and adheres closely to the gland. Extensions of this capsule within the substance of the gland form numerous septae, which divide it into lobes and lobules. The lobules are composed of follicles, the structural units of the gland, which consist of a layer of simple epithelium enclosing a colloid-filled cavity (see the image below).
Follicles of the thyroid gland, consisting of a layer of simple epithelium enclosing a colloid-filled cavity.
This colloid (pink on hematoxylin and eosin [H&E] stain) contains an iodinated glycoprotein, iodothyroglobulin, a precursor of thyroid hormones. Follicles vary in size, depending upon the degree of distention, and they are surrounded by dense plexuses of fenestrated capillaries, lymphatic vessels, and sympathetic nerves.
Epithelial cells are of 2 types: principal cells (ie, follicular) and parafollicular cells (ie, C, clear, light cells). Principal cells are responsible for formation of the colloid (iodothyroglobulin), whereas parafollicular cells produce the hormone calcitonin, a protein central to calcium homeostasis. Parafollicular cells lie adjacent to the follicles within the basal lamina.
Fascia and Ligament
The thyroid gland is ensheathed by the visceral fascia, a division of the middle layer of deep cervical fascia, which attaches it firmly to the laryngoskeleton. The anterior suspensory ligament extends from the superior-medial aspect of each thyroid lobe to the cricoid and thyroid cartilage. The posteromedial aspect of the gland is attached to the side of the cricoid cartilage, first and second tracheal ring, by the posterior suspensory ligament (ie, Berry ligament). This firm attachment of the gland to the laryngoskeleton is responsible for movement of the thyroid gland and related structures during swallowing.
On its way to the larynx, the recurrent laryngeal nerve usually passes deep to the Berry ligament or between the main ligament and its lateral leaf. Deep to the ligament, but lateral to the nerve, is a posteromedial portion of the thyroid lobe, which may be overlooked during thyroidectomy.
Strap Muscles
The lateral surface of the thyroid is covered by the sternothyroid muscle, and its attachment to the oblique line of the thyroid cartilage prevents the superior pole from extending superiorly under the thyrohyoid muscle. More anteriorly are the sternohyoid and superior belly of the omohyoid muscle, overlapped inferiorly by the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles are joined in the midline by an avascular fascia that must be incised to retract the strap muscle laterally in order to access the thyroid gland during thyroidectomy. If strap muscles are to be transected for better exposure, do so high in the neck, because the motor nerve supply from the ansa cervicalis enters these muscles inferiorly.
Vascular Anatomy and Laryngeal Innervation
The arterial supply to the thyroid gland comes from the superior and inferior thyroid arteries and, occasionally, from the thyroidea ima. These arteries have abundant collateral anastomoses with each other, ipsilaterally and contralaterally. The thyroid ima is a single vessel that, when present, originates from the aortic arch or the innominate artery and enters the thyroid gland at the inferior border of the isthmus. (See the image below.)
Distribution of thyroid arteries with associated laryngeal nerve, anterior view.
Superior thyroid artery and superior laryngeal nerve
The superior thyroid artery is the first anterior branch of the external carotid artery. In rare cases, it may arise from the common carotid artery just before its bifurcation. The superior thyroid artery descends laterally to the larynx under the cover of the omohyoid and sternohyoid muscles. The artery runs superficially on the anterior border of the lateral lobe, sending a branch deep into the gland before curving toward the isthmus, where it anastomoses with the contralateral artery.
Cephalad to the superior pole, the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve runs with the superior thyroid artery before turning medially to supply the cricothyroid muscle. High ligation of the superior thyroid artery during thyroidectomy places this nerve at risk of inadvertent injury, which would produce dysphonia by altering pitch regulation. The cricothyroid artery, a potentially bothersome branch of the superior thyroid artery, runs cephalad to the upper pole and runs toward the midline on the cricothyroid ligament. This vessel can be lacerated during emergent cricothyroidotomy.[3]
Inferior thyroid artery and recurrent laryngeal nerve
The inferior thyroid artery arises from the thyrocervical trunk, a branch of the subclavian artery. It ascends vertically and then curves medially to enter the tracheoesophageal groove in a plane posterior to the carotid sheath. Most of its branches penetrate the posterior aspect of the lateral lobe, as shown below.
Distribution of thyroid arteries with associated laryngeal nerve, posterior view.
The inferior thyroid artery has a variable branching pattern and is closely associated with the recurrent laryngeal nerve (seen in the image below). The latter also ascends in the tracheoesophageal groove and enters the larynx between the inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage and the arch of the cricoid. The recurrent laryngeal nerve can be found after it emerges from the superior thoracic outlet, in a triangle bounded laterally by the common carotid artery, medially by the trachea, and superiorly by the thyroid lobe.
The relationship between the nerve and the inferior thyroid artery is highly variable, as demonstrated by the classic work of Reed, who in 1943 described 28 variations in this relationship. The nerve can be found deep to the inferior thyroid artery (40%), superficially (20%), or between branches of the artery (35%).[4] Significantly, the relationship between nerve and artery on one side of the neck is similar to that found on the other side in only 17% of the population. Furthermore, at the level of the inferior thyroid artery, branches of the recurrent laryngeal nerve that are extralaryngeal may be present (5%). Preservation of all of those branches is important during thyroidectomy.
Another hint to the location of the recurrent laryngeal nerve is the Zuckerkandl tubercle, an extension of the thyroid, which is close to the Berry ligament.[5] On rare occasions, the recurrent laryngeal nerve may pass directly from the vagus to the larynx, close to the superior thyroid vessels. This formation is nearly always observed on the right side and is associated with a retroesophageal subclavian artery. However, the formation can occur on the left side in cases of transposition of the great vessels.
Venous Drainage and Lymphatics
Three pairs of veins provide venous drainage for the thyroid gland (see the image below). The superior thyroid vein ascends along the superior thyroid artery and becomes a tributary of the internal jugular vein. The middle thyroid vein follows a direct course laterally to the internal jugular vein. The inferior thyroid veins follow different paths on each side. The right passes anterior to the innominate artery to the right brachiocephalic vein or anterior to the trachea to the left brachiocephalic vein. On the left side, drainage is to the left brachiocephalic vein. Occasionally, both inferior veins form a common trunk called the thyroid ima vein, which empties into the left brachiocephalic vein.
Distribution of thyroid veins.
Lymphatic drainage of the thyroid gland is extensive and flows multidirectionally. Immediate lymphatic drainage courses to the periglandular nodes; to the prelaryngeal (Delphian), pretracheal, and paratracheal nodes along the recurrent laryngeal nerve; and then to mediastinal lymph nodes. Regional metastases of thyroid carcinoma can also be found laterally, higher in the neck along the internal jugular vein. This can be explained by tumor invasion of the pretracheal and paratracheal nodes causing an obstruction of normal lymph flow.
Dominique Dorion, MD, MSc, FRCSC, FACS Dean, Professor of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada
Dominique Dorion, MD, MSc, FRCSC, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: Canadian Society of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery
Peter S Roland, MD Professor, Department of Neurological Surgery, Professor and Chairman, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Director, Clinical Center for Auditory, Vestibular, and Facial Nerve Disorders, Chief of Pediatric Otology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Chief of Pediatric Otology, Children's Medical Center of Dallas; President of Medical Staff, Parkland Memorial Hospital; Adjunct Professor of Communicative Disorders, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Chief of Medical Service, Callier Center for Communicative Disorders, University of Texas School of Human Development
Peter S Roland, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Otolaryngic Allergy, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Auditory Society, American Neurotology Society, American Otological Society, North American Skull Base Society, Society of University Otolaryngologists-Head and Neck Surgeons, The Triological Society
Disclosure: Received honoraria from Alcon Labs for consulting; Received honoraria from Advanced Bionics for board membership; Received honoraria from Cochlear Corp for board membership; Received travel grants from Med El Corp for consulting.
David J Terris, MD, FACS Porubsky Professor and Chairman, Department of Otolaryngology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University
David J Terris, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Bronchoesophagological Association, American College of Surgeons, American Head and Neck Society, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, International Association of Endocrine Surgeons, Phi Beta Kappa, Radiation Research Society, Society of University Otolaryngologists-Head and Neck Surgeons, Triological Society
The authors and editors of Medscape Reference gratefully acknowledge the contributions of previous author David Lemaire, MD, to the development and writing of this article and the contributions of David L Francis, MD, to the multimedia video.
Cummings CW, et al. Thyroid anatomy. Cummings CW, ed. Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery. 3rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 1998. 2445-49.
Thyroid gland. Williams PL, Bannister LH, et al. Gray's Anatomy. 38th ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1995. 1891-6.
Naidoo D, Boon JM, Mieny CJ, et al. Relation of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve to the superior pole of the thyroid gland: an anatomical study. Clin Anat. 2007 Jul. 20(5):516-20. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Reed AF. Relations of inferior laryngeal nerve to inferior thyroid artery. Anatomical Record. 1943. 85:17.
Gravante G, Delogu D, Rizzello A, et al. The Zuckerkandl tubercle. Am J Surg. 2007 Apr. 193(4):484-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


These cookies are portion baking adventure, element craft venture, and portion delightful. Oh yes, a tasty craft—we've finally done it. I call these fossil cookies simply because you can use any variety of shell to press into the dough to leave an impression. Or you can just bake the cookies without the impressions. This is my go-to buttercookierecipe. If you've never had a butter cookie, it tastes really similar to shortbread. And you'll never ever guess what the primary ingredient is.
Oh, you guessed butter? Clever you. Fossil Cookies, helps make 3 dozen.
First, creamtogether the butter and powdered sugar. In my opinion, the very best way to cream together butter and sugar by hand is to, effectively, use your hands. The ol' butter fingers.
Next, stir in the egg and vanilla extract. I used clear vanilla extract just to keep my cookies seeking as white as attainable, but any vanilla extract will yield the same (tasting) end result.
Now stir in the flour and salt right up until a soft dough ball varieties. Flip out onto a lightly floured surface and roll right up until the dough is about one/4 inch (or somewhat much less) thick. Lower out the cookies. I utilised a pizza cutter and did squares. You could use circular cookie cutters if you choose. Press the shell into the dough, leaving an indention.
Credits // Writer: Emma Chapman, Photography: Sarah Rhodes. Pictures edited with Margot of the Folk Assortment.


Motovun is a small town built on a hill, conical in shape and is located at 277 meters above sea level. Gentler slope of the southern and western slopes of the hill as possible is quite large vineyards.
Because of the proximity to the sea, air in Motovun is mild, and snow is rare in this area. The soil of the valley of the river Mirna and the high plateaus in the Motovun area rich in minerals are very favorable for the development of agriculture. For this reason, the vine thrives very well here. The grapes are processed into very high quality wines from which prevail Teran, Malvasia and Muscat.
The appearance of Motovun is one of the rare lovely town whose appearance could conquer anyone.


text:
Sex Offender Search & Criminal Records
Access: Sex Offender Data Base, Arrest Records, Police Records, Court Records!
Search for Sex Offenders in the United States! Enter Zip Code Below!
Customer Service is Available 24/7. Call Us at 1.877.890.2213
What is Statutory Rape Law and Punishments in Nebraska?
Nebraska has fixed 16 as consent age and adults engaging in any sexual activity with anyone below that age will face statutory rape criminal charges. In Nebraska state, statutory rape is also known as sexual assault. The country has multiple degrees when it comes to statutory rape.
The division is based on the child's age and even the age of the defendant. It is immaterial as to whether the underage individual consents or initiates any sexual activity as lawmakers determined that any person who has not yet reached the age of consent cannot agree to have any sexual activity with adults as their partners. It is to be noted that individuals who go for sex acts with others sans the latter's consent could also be charged and then convicted of assault or sex crime charges or both.
Statutory rape laws in Nebraska
Sexual assault of a child in the first degree. As per the laws of Nebraska state, a person commits a crime of sexual assault of a first degree when that person subjects that child below 12 years of age to any sexual penetration and the defendant is minimum 19 years of age or older.
This is the gravest form of statutory rape. First-degree statutory rape also happens when a child aged a minimum 12 years but below 16 years of age is sexually penetrated by the defendant who is of 25 years of age or older. The list of sexual penetration activity includes anal sex, oral sex, and intercourse. It also involves the penetration of sexual parts of the body of the victim or the body of the defendant.
Sexual assault in the first degree. If a person aged 19 years or above but aged below 25 engages in any sexual penetration with any child who is a minimum of 12 years of age but below 16 years commits the first-degree sexual assault crime.
Even though sexual assault in the first degree is considered a grave crime, this is punished much less severe compared to first-degree sexual assault of any child. To give an example, if a 26-year-old defendant had oral sex with a 15-year-old victim, then the defendant will be convicted of the first-degree sexual assault of that child. However, if the defendant is only 21 years old, then that person could be convicted of the crime first-degree sexual assault.
Potential punishments for statutory rape in Nebraska
The first-degree sexual assault of any child is regarded as Class IB felony and punishable by a minimum of 15 years or it could extend up to whole life inside a prison cell. The first-degree sexual assault is regarded as a Class IIIA felony and punishable by up to 50 years within a prison cell.
There could also be a monetary fine of $10,000 or even both. Any second and the subsequent convictions for the sexual assault and the sexual assault on a child gets a more severe punishment, frequently by a mandatory minimum term of even 25 years inside a prison.
Individuals who lure or simply try to lure children so that they can be engaged in sexual conduct could be convicted of child enticement crime, even if there was never any kind of sexual contact between the adult and the child. A person who is convicted of having engaged in sexual conduct or sexual penetration with underage children must get registered as documented sex offenders within the state of Nebraska. A majority of sex offenders must be registered for 25 years. Some offenders get their name on the rolls for life.
Nebraska Sex Offender Search
With nearly 900,000 registered sex offenders in the country, many people use online directories to find out who are registered sex offenders. You can perform a Nebraska sex offender search to find out who has violated Nebraska statutory rape laws, and you can do so online.
GoLookUp's professional zip code sex offender search can help you find out who are all the registered sex offender in the area that you are searching for. To perform the search, you need to simply enter a Nebraska zip code, and the directory will do the rest.
In minutes, you will get a detailed report with the names of all the sex offenders who reside in that area and also their mugshots, the sex crimes they committed, their address, and more. You can also use the website to find specific information about individuals. To perform this type of search, you need to enter the name of the person in question; then, the website will begin to scan public records, and you will receive a criminal records report about that person. Among other details, you will also see if the person in question is a registered sex offender.
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text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using OpenRiaServices.DomainServices.Client.Test;
using OpenRiaServices.DomainServices.Hosting;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;

namespace OpenRiaServices.DomainServices.Server.Test
{
    [TestClass]
    public class QueryAttributeTests
    {
        #region QueryAttribute ctor and properties
        [TestMethod]
        [Description("Parameterless ctor for QueryAttribute initializes properties")]
        public void QueryAttribute_Default_Ctor()
        {
            QueryAttribute qa = new QueryAttribute();
            Assert.IsFalse(qa.IsDefault, "IsDefault should be false using default ctor");
            Assert.IsFalse(qa.HasSideEffects, "HasSideEffects should be false using default ctor");
            Assert.AreEqual(0, qa.ResultLimit, "Result limit should be zero using default ctor");
            Assert.IsTrue(qa.IsComposable, "IsComposable should be true using default ctor");
        }

        [TestMethod]
        [Description("QueryAttribute properties can be set")]
        public void QueryAttribute_Properties()
        {
            QueryAttribute qa = new QueryAttribute();

            // IsDefault can be set and reset
            qa.IsDefault = true;
            Assert.IsTrue(qa.IsDefault, "IsDefault should have been true after set");

            qa.IsDefault = false;
            Assert.IsFalse(qa.IsDefault, "IsDefault should have been false after reset");

            // IsComposable can be set and reset
            qa.IsComposable = true;
            Assert.IsTrue(qa.IsComposable, "IsComposable should have been true after set");

            qa.IsComposable = false;
            Assert.IsFalse(qa.IsComposable, "IsComposable should have been false after reset");

            // HasSideEffects can be set and reset
            qa.HasSideEffects = true;
            Assert.IsTrue(qa.HasSideEffects, "HasSideEffects should have been true after set");

            qa.HasSideEffects = false;
            Assert.IsFalse(qa.HasSideEffects, "HasSideEffects should have been false after reset");

            qa.ResultLimit = 5000;
            Assert.AreEqual(5000, qa.ResultLimit, "ResultLimit was not settable");

            qa.ResultLimit = 0;
            Assert.AreEqual(0, qa.ResultLimit, "ResultLimit was not resettable");
        }

        [TestMethod]
        [Description("Validate QueryAttribute has no properties unknown to these unit tests")]
        public void QueryAttribute_No_New_Properties()
        {
            PropertyInfo[] properties = typeof(QueryAttribute).GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly);
            Assert.AreEqual(4, properties.Length, "QueryAttribute has a new property not covered by unit tests.");
        }
        #endregion // QueryAttribute ctor and properties

        #region QueryAttributes in Domain Services

        [TestMethod]
        [Description("DomainService can have multiple query defaults differing by entity type")]
        public void QueryAttribute_DomainService_Valid_Multiple()
        {
            DomainServiceDescription dsd = DomainServiceDescription.GetDescription(typeof(QueryAttribute_Valid_DomainService));
            DomainOperationEntry[] does = dsd.DomainOperationEntries.ToArray();

            // This DSD defines 2 defaults plus 2 non-defaults
            Assert.AreEqual(4, does.Length, "Expected this many valid query methods");

            // validate the Linq query we recommend OData use to extract the default queries
            IEnumerable<DomainOperationEntry> defaultQueries = dsd.DomainOperationEntries
                                                .Where(doe =>
                                                        (doe.Operation == DomainOperation.Query) &&
                                                        (doe.Attributes.OfType<QueryAttribute>().Any(qa => qa.IsDefault)));
            Assert.AreEqual(2, defaultQueries.Count(), "Expected 2 default queries");
            Assert.IsTrue(defaultQueries.Any(doe => doe.Name.Equals("GetEntity1")), "Expected to find GetEntity1 in list of default queries");
            Assert.IsTrue(defaultQueries.Any(doe => doe.Name.Equals("GetEntity2")), "Expected to find GetEntity2 in list of default queries");

        }

        [TestMethod]
        [Description("Default queries cannot take parameters")]
        public void QueryAttribute_DomainService_Illegal_Default_With_Params()
        {
            ExceptionHelper.ExpectInvalidOperationException(delegate
            {
                DomainServiceDescription.GetDescription(typeof(QueryAttribute_DomainService_Default_Query_Has_Params));
            }, string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, Resource.DomainServiceDescription_DefaultQuery_Cannot_Have_Params, "GetEntity1"));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        [Description("Default queries cannot return singletons")]
        public void QueryAttribute_DomainService_Illegal_Default_Singleton()
        {
            ExceptionHelper.ExpectInvalidOperationException(delegate
            {
                DomainServiceDescription.GetDescription(typeof(QueryAttribute_DomainService_Default_Query_Singleton));
            }, string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, Resource.DomainServiceDescription_DefaultQuery_Cannot_Be_Singleton, "GetEntity1"));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        [Description("Multiple default queries cannot return same entity type")]
        public void QueryAttribute_DomainService_Illegal_Multiple_Defaults_Same_Entity()
        {
            // We cannot predict which query will be accepted first and which will cause the error, so we format
            // both and verify we get at least one of them.
            string err1 = string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, Resource.DomainServiceDescription_DefaultQuery_Cannot_Have_Multiple, "GetEntity1", "GetEntity1Again", typeof(QueryEntity1));
            string err2 = string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, Resource.DomainServiceDescription_DefaultQuery_Cannot_Have_Multiple, "GetEntity1Again", "GetEntity1", typeof(QueryEntity1));
            string actualErr = null;

            try
            {
                DomainServiceDescription.GetDescription(typeof(QueryAttribute_DomainService_Default_Query_Same_Entity));
            }
            catch (InvalidOperationException ioe)
            {
                actualErr = ioe.Message;
            }

            Assert.IsNotNull(actualErr, "Expected InvalidOperationException for attempt to set IsDefault on multiple queries using same entity type.");

            Assert.IsTrue(actualErr == err1 || actualErr == err2, "Expected error message: " + err1 + Environment.NewLine + "but saw " + actualErr);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        [Description("Multiple default queries cannot return multiple entity types within a single hierarchy")]
        public void QueryAttribute_DomainService_Illegal_Multiple_Defaults_Same_Entity_Hierarchy()
        {
            // We cannot predict which query will be accepted first and which will cause the error, so we format
            // both and verify we get at least one of them.
            string err1 = string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, Resource.DomainServiceDescription_DefaultQuery_Cannot_Have_Multiple_Inheritance, "GetEntity1", "GetEntity1Again", typeof(QueryEntity1Derived), typeof(QueryEntity1));
            string err2 = string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, Resource.DomainServiceDescription_DefaultQuery_Cannot_Have_Multiple_Inheritance, "GetEntity1Again", "GetEntity1", typeof(QueryEntity1Derived), typeof(QueryEntity1));
            string actualErr = null;

            try
            {
                DomainServiceDescription.GetDescription(typeof(QueryAttribute_DomainService_Default_Query_Same_Entity_Hierarchy));
            }
            catch (InvalidOperationException ioe)
            {
                actualErr = ioe.Message;
            }

            Assert.IsNotNull(actualErr, "Expected InvalidOperationException for attempt to set IsDefault on multiple queries using same entity type.");

            Assert.IsTrue(actualErr == err1 || actualErr == err2, "Expected error message: " + err1 + Environment.NewLine + "but saw " + actualErr);
        }
        #endregion // QueryAttributes in Domain Services

        #region Domain Services

        [KnownType(typeof(QueryEntity1Derived))]
        public class QueryEntity1
        {
            [Key]
            public string TheKey { get; set; }
        }
        public class QueryEntity2
        {
            [Key]
            public string TheKey { get; set; }
        }
        public class QueryEntity1Derived : QueryEntity1
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// This test domain service demonstrates it is legal to:
        /// <para>Have IsDefault on multiple queries that differ in type</para>
        /// <para>Have IsDefault on multiple queries whose types are derived</para>
        /// </summary>
        [EnableClientAccess]
        public class QueryAttribute_Valid_DomainService : DomainService
        {
            [Query(IsDefault = true)]
            public IQueryable<QueryEntity1> GetEntity1() { return null; }

            [Query(IsDefault = true)]
            public IQueryable<QueryEntity2> GetEntity2() { return null; }

            // Derived type is legal only because it is not marked as IsDefault=true.
            // We include this to ensure its presence does not trigger failure and that
            // we don't see this query in our Linq expression to extract defaults.
            [Query(IsDefault = false)]
            public IQueryable<QueryEntity1Derived> GetEntity1Derived() { return null; }

            // Legal because it is not marked IsDefault=true.
            // Here to validate presence does not generate error in presence of defaults above
            [Query(IsDefault = false, IsComposable=false)]
            public QueryEntity2 GetEntity2Singleton() { return null; }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// This test domain service demonstrates it is illegal to:
        /// <para>Have IsDefault on a query with parameters</para>
        /// </summary>
        [EnableClientAccess]
        public class QueryAttribute_DomainService_Default_Query_Has_Params : DomainService
        {
            [Query(IsDefault = true)]
            public IQueryable<QueryEntity1> GetEntity1(string param1) { return null; }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// This test domain service demonstrates it is illegal to:
        /// <para>Have IsDefault on a query that returns a singleton</para>
        /// </summary>
        [EnableClientAccess]
        public class QueryAttribute_DomainService_Default_Query_Singleton : DomainService
        {
            [Query(IsDefault = true, IsComposable = false)]
            public QueryEntity1 GetEntity1() { return null; }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// This test domain service demonstrates it is illegal to:
        /// <para>Have 2 default queries for the same entity type</para>
        /// </summary>
        [EnableClientAccess]
        public class QueryAttribute_DomainService_Default_Query_Same_Entity : DomainService
        {
            [Query(IsDefault = true)]
            public IQueryable<QueryEntity1> GetEntity1() { return null; }

            [Query(IsDefault = true)]
            public IEnumerable<QueryEntity1> GetEntity1Again() { return null; }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// This test domain service demonstrates it is illegal to:
        /// <para>Have 2 default queries for different entity types
        /// within a type hierarchy</para>
        /// </summary>
        [EnableClientAccess]
        public class QueryAttribute_DomainService_Default_Query_Same_Entity_Hierarchy : DomainService
        {
            [Query(IsDefault = true)]
            public IQueryable<QueryEntity1> GetEntity1() { return null; }

            [Query(IsDefault = true)]
            public IEnumerable<QueryEntity1Derived> GetEntity1Again() { return null; }
        }
        #endregion // DomainServices
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
L'accent en tant que notion sociolinguistique regroupe l'ensemble des traits de prononciation (consonnes, voyelles, accent et prosodie) d'une variété de langue et permet ainsi l'identification du profil (géographique, social) du locuteur. L'accent repose alors essentiellement sur la perception de ces traits par l'interlocuteur. Non autonome, il n'existe qu'en comparaison à une autre prononciation, cette dernière pouvant constituer une norme. L'accent peut se caractériser de deux façons : par sa phonologie et par les aspects sociaux que l'on y associe.

En français, l'accent sera associé à une variété et sera considéré comme un écart à la norme (i.e. le français standard ou "français de référence" incarné par l'Académie française en tant qu'autorité "légitime"). Dans une , on dira de la personne qui a un accent différent du sien qu'elle "a un accent". Il y aurait ainsi supposément une prononciation "sans accent" et une prononciation "avec accent".

L'acceptation des accents et de l'écart à la norme relève de facteurs socioculturels qui sont propres à chaque langue. En anglais par exemple, toute prononciation constitue un accent ; certains seront cependant jugés préférables à d'autres selon le contexte d'énonciation.

Identité
Pour beaucoup, l'accent constitue une part de l'identité des locuteurs. L'identité linguistique est notamment formée par les représentations sociolinguistiques associées à un accent. Celles-ci se rapportent aux considérations des locuteurs pour leur propre variété et pour celles qu'ils ont pour d'autres variétés, voire d'autres langues.

Représentations linguistiques
Les représentations linguistiques sont l'équivalent dans les langues des représentations sociales dans les sciences humaines. À chaque variété ou sous-variété seront associées des valeurs, des attributs ou des qualités partagées par le groupe ou le sous-groupe. Une vaste étude a montré que le français vaudois est fortement associé à des mots comme "authenticité", "campagne", "paysan", mais peu ou pas du tout avec des mots tels que "ville" ou "modernité".

Ainsi, le fait de percevoir un accent permettra à un locuteur de se placer socialement par rapport à son interlocuteur. Ce dernier pourra alors être considéré comme inculte ou, au contraire, pédant. L'importance de se placer socialement peut même amener les classes bourgeoises à pratiquer l'hypocorrection afin d'éviter d'être associées à l'aristocratie. Lorsqu'il n'y a pas de compétition entre les locuteurs de différentes variétés, l'accent sera perçu comme un gage de valeurs fortes et mélioratives telles que l'authenticité ou le fait d'assumer et d'affirmer son identité et ses origines. Enfin, l'accent peut "faire voyager", et certains accents tels que l'accent provençal ou valaisan évoquera à l'interlocuteur le soleil, la mer, la montagne ou, en général, les vacances.

Discriminations liées à l'accent en français
Pour comprendre les représentations linguistiques associées aux accents du français, il faut remonter aux origines mêmes de la langue : née au Moyen Âge, elle n'était parlée qu'au centre de la France. Dès 1882, l'école obligatoire puis les brassages de populations causés par les deux Guerres mondiales ont diffusé la langue à travers tout le territoire. Langue seconde pour les Occitans, Alsaciens et autres Provinciaux, leur français fut stigmatisé en comparaison d'un français langue première du centre. Une asymétrie est toujours remarquée actuellement : alors que les locuteurs de Paris et de Tours sont persuadés d'être dénués d'accent, les locuteurs d'autres régions reconnaissent volontiers en posséder un.
La discrimination est omniprésente et l'accent régional se caractérise par une image .

Des travaux montrent cependant que cette stigmatisation ne s'arrête pas aux locuteurs L2 mais s'étend également aux français régionaux L1. Particulièrement présent dans le discours de l'intelligentsia (parisienne majoritairement), ce rejet de l'accent s'inscrit dans l'antagonisme de l'endogroupe / exogroupe. On peut alors se demander si l'entièreté de la communauté linguistique considère que Paris est dénuée d'accent (confirmant l'acception commune du français comme langue monocentrique), ou si les représentations associées aux accents ressortent simplement d'un effet de type « c'est toujours l'autre qui a un accent » (conférant alors au français un statut de langue pluricentrique). Une étude s'est penchée sur la question et montre que le français est en effet constitué de plusieurs centres de référence, auxquels sont associés différents prestiges (manifestes et latents, voir ci-dessous).

Normes sociales et linguistiques
Les normes qui régissent les langues sont à la fois multiples, changeantes et variables. Dans le cas du français, les normes peuvent avoir plusieurs supports ou environnements dans lesquels elles s'expriment. Ces normes sont un sujet à part entière et en cours d'étude. Il a déjà été montré que celles-ci coexistent et font intervenir des concepts aussi nombreux que les notions des prestiges dits manifeste et latent, d, ou encore de pluriaréalisme.

Il est considéré trois grands types de normes:
 La norme géographique, qui a souvent pour centre la capitale d'un pays. Paris, capitale de la France (seul pays de la francophonie qui n'a que le français comme langue nationale) agirait comme point de référence pour la francophonie.
La norme médiatique, où les médias influents diffusant la langue ont une responsabilité de représentation. Les grandes chaînes médiatiques s'attachent à s'approcher d'une variété de référence (voire à la représenter) pour le public. Dans la francophonie, les grands groupes de tous les pays occupent cette place, à leur échelle (voir ci-dessous).
 La norme sociale, puisque le parler de l'individu, s'il se rapproche de celui d'une classe sociale considérée comme supérieure (bourgeoisie ou aristocratie), sera perçu comme plus prestigieux. Dans la francophonie, l'autorité suprême concernant la régulation de la langue française est l'Académie française, mais des organes indépendants statuent également sur des questions de langue, comme au Québec avec l'Office québécois de la langue française, ou en Suisse avec la CIIP.

Prestige manifeste et latent

Les notions de prestige manifeste et latent s'observent dans les communautés linguistiques d'une même langue. Si cette langue possède une variété considérée comme "standard", cette dernière sera manifestement plus prestigieuse tandis que les variétés régionales seront déconsidérées. Les membres des sous-communautés linguistiques parlant ces variétés régionales tendront à reconnaître entre eux un plus grand prestige de la variété linguistique parlée dans leur région. Ce prestige intra-communautaire sera alors dit latent.

Certaines représentations sont en outre associées à ces deux types de prestige. Diverses études quantitatives ont notamment été menées sur les attitudes envers l'accent méridional, martiniquais et québécois. Concernant les accents de France métropolitaine, le prestige manifeste est, selon les Parisiens, associé à la prononciation d'Île-de-France et de Touraine tandis que le prestige latent revient à la Provence. De plus, la norme parisienne est associée à l'attrait professionnel et à la stabilité. Les locuteurs des régions périphériques montrent une loyauté à l'endogroupe, mais la Provence manifeste un rejet total de celui-ci. Au Québec, le prestige manifeste local ne semble pas encore dépasser celui du français normé. Ce dernier est associé au statut, tandis que la loyauté, relevant du prestige latent, se rattache au français québécois.

Insécurité linguistique

L'insécurité linguistique est un phénomène mis en évidence par William Labov dans une enquête sociolinguistique anglophone. Cette insécurité se caractérise par une réticence des locuteurs d'une langue à s'exprimer lorsqu'ils sont dans un contexte particulier. Cette réticence peut se manifester sous plusieurs formes, par exemple par de l'hypercorrection. Ledit contexte se caractérise par la mise en concurrence de plusieurs variétés d'une même langue entre elles, mais le plus souvent des variétés d'une langue face à sa variété standard (ou dite de référence).
L'insécurité linguistique mènera également le locuteur à déprécier sa manière de s'exprimer et tendra à penser qu'il ne maîtrise pas sa propre langue. Il a été montré que le phénomène décrit en anglais par Labov existait aussi en français, en particulier en français de Suisse.

Types d'Insécurité linguistique
Il existe plusieurs types d'insécurités insécurité linguistique selon L.-J. Calvet (1999 : 168) parmi lesquels on a l'insécurité linguistique statutaire et insécurité formel est caractérisées par l'usage d'une variété non standard de la langue dans un endroit publique comme universités, écoles et dans l'administration publique en général. Il se manifeste chez le locuteur par l'usage des formes fautives de la langue dû à la non-maitrise de la variété standard de la langue. . Ce qui va donc conduire ce dernier à vouloir utiliser la forme la plus correcte et conforme a celui de la société et par la fin fini par douter et tombe dans des erreurs. En dernier, l'insécurité formelle est due à l'usage excessif de grammaire; c'est le fait qu'un usager de la langue utilise la forme correcte mais à force de vouloir éviter les erreurs il finit par le commettre. Généralement, tous ces types d'insécurité sont des reproches et l'hypercorrection  que l'on emploie sur soi-même.

Pluriaréalisme

Si l'anglais, le portugais et l'espagnol sont des langues pluricentriques, le français est lui considéré comme étant une langue monocentrique avec pour unique centre Paris, berceau (avec Tours) du français de référence. Cette représentation est cependant en plein changement : en France, le « Paris bourgeois » fait place notamment à une région parisienne diversifiée et les représentations des locuteurs sur les normes de prononciation et des accents évoluent avec.

Ce changement peut par exemple s'observer au Québec, où la Révolution tranquille des années 1960 a engendré une recherche sociolinguistique accrue sur la variation en français québécois. L'émergence et la valorisation d'un sentiment national ainsi qu'une identité linguistique propre va peu à peu se construire et mener au développement de leur propre norme. Dans le Sud de la France et aux Antilles, les français régionaux ne deviendront quant à eux des objets d'étude légitimes que dans les années 2000 ; leur prestige semble cependant encore être sous-estimé par l'élite intellectuelle.

Perception et compréhension des accents
La perception d'un accent et l'association de celui-ci à un imaginaire fait entièrement partie du concept même d'accent. La perception de l'accent s'étudie en phonétique, psycholinguistique ou neurolinguistique, par l'étude de temps de réponse et de critères objectifs concernant la compréhension d'un énoncé, mais aussi en sociolinguistique, par l'étude des représentations sociales  et de l'identité associées à un accent. Ces représentations concernent tout aussi bien la considération des locuteurs par rapport à leur propre variété que celle qu'ils ont pour d'autres variétés, voire d'autres langues. Pour beaucoup, l'accent constitue une part de l'identité des locuteurs.

Perception des accents du français

Tout locuteur francophone natif s'accordera à dire qu'il existe différents accents dans sa langue mais dans quelle mesure sera t-il capable de les discerner correctement? En 2006, une étude s'est penchée sur cette question en demandant à des locuteurs parisiens d'identifier 6 accents francophones différents (normand, vendéen, vaudois, basque, languedocien et provençal). On leur a fait écouter aléatoirement des phrases prononcées dans ces différents accents et les participants devaient les identifier et les placer sur une carte. Les résultats montrent que les locuteurs francophones sont généralement capables de distinguer 3 grands groupes accentuels: nord, sud et est (Suisse romande), mais que les différents accents au sein de ces grands groupes sont souvent confondus entre eux.

Problèmes de compréhension liés à l'accent

Des chercheurs suédois se sont intéressés aux questions de compréhension liées à un fort accent étranger. Pour cela, ils ont créé leur propre accent fictif en suédois en modifiant la prononciation de certains sons de la langue, en changeant la place de l'accentuation sur les mots et en insérant des voyelles supplémentaires. Ils ont ensuite présenté à des participants des phrases prononcées avec cet accent et, dans un deuxième temps, une liste de mot également prononcés avec l'accent fictif. Les participants devaient alors répéter ce qu'ils avaient compris.

Les résultats suggèrent qu'après avoir été confrontée à un accent, notre compréhension générale de cet accent s'améliore avec le temps. Il s'avère également que lorsque la place de l'accentuation des mots a été modifiée, les phrases ont été plus difficiles à comprendre, car il devenait alors plus compliqué de différencier les mots entre eux.

Une autre étude s'est intéressée aux questions liées à la compréhension d'un accent étranger en testant les temps de réaction des participants : ceux-ci devaient décider le plus vite possible si le dernier mot d'une phrase qu'ils entendaient était un mot de leur langue ou un mot inventé. Les phrases étaient soit produites dans leur accent, soit dans un accent régional différent ou dans un accent étranger. Les résultats montrent que les temps de réaction des participants sont plus élevés lorsque la phrase est produite dans un autre accent que le leur et d'autant plus s'il s'agit d'un accent étranger. Cette étude montre également qu'il ne semble pas y avoir d'amélioration des temps de réaction selon le temps d'exposition à l'accent.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Ouvrages généraux

 .

Voir aussi
 Linguistique
 Sociolinguistique
 Prononciation
 Langue
 Dialecte
 Variété régionale
 Sociolecte
 Français
 Accents régionaux en France

Phonétique

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


organisation to get experience of working on live briefs.
were cool, the people were friendly, and it was a nice environment to be in.
a scholarship at a really great advertising school in London.
How has Ideas Foundation helped you with industry contacts?
they want to see you again. Just be interested and friendly.


For today's episode, Ty and Daphne welcome a special guest, Dr. Shana Hardy, a Pharmacology/ Toxicology Reviewer at FDA. Together we discuss Shana's background, pop culture, politics, and current events. After catching up with Ty and Daphne (00:30), we learn more about Shana, her work with the FDA* (7:48), and the implications of her work for public health (9:54). We then have a conversation about her research on cancer metastasis (13:10), the relationship between lifestyle and cancer diagnosis (20:48), cancer prognosis and treatment (23:17), racial disparities regarding cancer diagnosis and prognosis (32:24), and racial disparities in STEM fields (43:56). We then discuss current events, including Becoming Michelle Obama (52:08), the death of the Sentinel Island missionary (58:18), and the California wildfires (1:03:20). We then focus our attention on popular culture by discussing the Trap Music Museum (1:06:20) and the live action Lion King (1:14:05). We close by discussing economic predictions related to Trump's economy (1:18:30) and a potential income tax surprise in 2019 (1:20:30).
*The views expressed in this conversation are not to be interpreted as the views of the FDA and must not be taken to provide official policy or guidance on behalf of the FDA.


Fueling your body during a run is, as I'm sure you can imagine, a really big deal. Many runners use gu during events of a half marathon, and close to 90% use some form of sports energy during the marathon.
For an ultra, mishandling your food can destroy your event. Trial and error is the only way to figure out what is going to work for you. The one factor that is the same regardless of how you fuel is using small amounts frequently rather than eating a larger amount. A quarter of a peanut butter and jelly sandwich is going to be easier than the whole sandwich. The other rule, which cuts across all aspects of running, is train with it before you race with it. After that, there are four approaches to maintaining your energy during an ultra.
First, is to use sports energy options, such as gu, stinger, or hammer gel, throughout the run. There are a few ultrarunners who do this. Sports energy delivers a fast supply of sugar, which is what your muscles are burning. Personally, I've never been able to do it this way and none of my runners have been able to do this. The gels and such become torture to get down. Even if you like them, by mile 75, you won't. Your body needs a little more than just sugar when you are moving for more than 24 hours. That's where the other approaches come in.
Second, is to use a mix of sports energy and regular food. A lot of the runners I work with, even marathoners, choose this option because it gives them quick energy and a more sustained slow burn energy. To implement this strategy, find some foods you think are easy to digest such as fruits, potato chips, candy, cookies. These still give you the carbs you need, but they take a bit longer to get to the muscles. You can throw in small amounts of protein as well, which slows the breakdown of the muscles in the later part of the run. Be cautious and chose easy to digest proteins such as nut butters and protein bars or drinks.
Third, is all regular food. I use solid regular food throughout my runs. You want a mix, again, of slower and faster digesting items. With solid foods, you need to keep in mind it takes longer to digest so you will need to eat before you need the energy, rather than when you are starving. The other problem with waiting until you are hungry to eat, is you over eat. Over eating can cause stomach irritation.
Fourth, is low carbohydrate. Low carb is a life style not merely used during an event. It requires the runner to stay below a certain amount of grams of carbs everyday, which allows them to burn fat rather than the glycogen in their muscles. Fat is an excellent source of energy. However, being low carb also requires the consumption of a lot of fats as well. Consuming a lot of fats is not necessarily bad. The research is a mixed. The type of fats a person consumes does make a difference. Anyway, low carb runners have to bring their own food (same as vegan runners). In theory, they don't have to consume many calories because they are burning the fat. That was not my experience. I was low carb for 18 months and found I was not able to consume enough fats to maintain the energy I needed to run ultra-distances. Some low carb runners use a product called Vespa which enhances the body's ability to burn fat. Others supplement with high doses of sugar at strenuous times (big climbs) during the event to give them the extra boost. The sugar hits their system fast and furious because it doesn't get it very often.
Regardless of the approach you use, practice during training runs is the key. You have to train your body to digest at the same time it sends energy to muscles. Use trial and error to find what works for you. Keep in mind that it is best to try one thing at a time and to give your body a couple of weeks to decide if it is alright with it. When you introduce a new thing, it may cause some issues at first, but those may go away with continued use.


text:
Patriots Proving Incapable To Finish Comeback Attempts With Cam Newton
The Patriots have failed to finish three fourth-quarter comebacks this season
by Doug Kyed
The New England Patriots very easily could be sitting at 5-2 instead of 2-5 as they inch closer to midseason and out of playoff contention.
That isn't a statement meant to make Patriots fans feel better. The team definitely feels more like a 2-5 team than one that would be leading their division, but it is a fact.
If quarterback Cam Newton had scored from 1-yard out against the Seattle Seahawks in the final seconds of their Week 2 matchup, then the Patriots would have won that game.
If Newton had thrown an accurate pass to wide receiver N'Keal Harry with a minute to go in New England's Week 6 matchup with the Denver Broncos, then the Patriots could have won that game.
If Newton hadn't fumbled the ball away from Buffalo's 14-yard line with 37 second left in New England's 24-21 loss to the Bills, then the Patriots could have won this game.
So, now the Patriots are longshots to make the NFL postseason. The Athletic's Jeff Howe did the research, and only seven teams out of 144 that have started the season 2-5 since 1990 have made the playoffs. Granted, an additional postseason spot was added this season, so the Patriots might have a slightly higher than 4.8 percent chance of making the postseason.
More Pats:
Patriots In Good Shape With JC Jackson Regardless Of Trade Deadline Outcome
Still, it's not looking great.
And while it's harsh to pile on Newton too hard after the Patriots QB certainly showed improvements Sunday, it's also easy to point the finger after the Patriots have failed to successfully convert on three fourth-quarter comeback attempts.
"To have three different games where we got an opportunity to win — I think early in the season we talked about it, it's encouraging," Patriots safety Devin McCourty said Sunday. "We knew we just had to get better and try to close those out. But now as you continue to go on, it's frustrating. We've just got to find a way to win these games. We're right there. We just have to find ways. It's one or two plays. It's defensively us getting the ball back faster for the offense."
There are certainly many elements that go into losses. But Newton has had chances to lead his team to victory in critical situations and come up short. And while there's probably nothing differently the Patriots could have done about this situation this offseason, it is also easy to wonder how those specific results might have been different if Tom Brady was still at quarterback. And fans probably weren't experiencing that familiar feeling when the Patriots' offense took the field down 24-21 with four minutes left in the fourth quarter.
This team, this offense, this quarterback just can't finish like they could in the past.
Newton continues to say all the right things. But at a certain point, it doesn't really matter if he continues to hold himself accountable if he's not producing the desired result.
He's now 103-of-150 for 1,124 yards with two touchdowns and seven interceptions. He's also lost a fumble while carrying the ball 59 times for 298 yards with six rushing touchdowns.
Patriots head coach Bill Belichick recommitted to Newton as the team's starter after Sunday's loss. And benching Newton probably wouldn't be the answer at this point. Jarrett Stidham and Brian Hoyer haven't proven to be any more capable this season.
"We just have to be better at situational football," Newton said Sunday. "And practice on it each and every day. It's just up to players, including myself, it's up to me to just execute better. That's what it comes down to."
To make the postseason, the Patriots can only afford to lose one or two more games down the stretch, and that seems highly unlikely with the way the team currently is performing.
Patriots Can't Possibly Bench Jakobi Meyers, Team's New Top Receiver
Thumbnail photo via Mark Konezny/USA TODAY Sports Images
Watch Wreck End Kevin Harvick's NASCAR Season At Martinsville
Patriots' Chances To Win AFC East Plummet After Week 8 Loss To Bills


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text:
Baron de Pirassununga est un titre noble brésilien créé par Pierre II (empereur du Brésil), par décret du 6 décembre 1850 en faveur de Joaquim Henrique de Araújo (1821–1883) - Baron de Pirassuunga  et vicomte de Pirassuunga .

Le titre de baronne de Pirassununga a également été accordé à Luiza Bambina de Araújo Lima, épouse de Joaquim Henrique de Araújo Filho .

Les autres orthographes de Pirassununga sont : Piraçununga  et Pirassinunga  .

 Références

Noblesse brésilienne


Earlier this outdoor season, we noted some of the first HepsNation athletes who hit the Olympic Games standard in their events. We can now add on a few more names to that list as we have looked through the international rankings and received word from other track & field fans on our athletes' status.
Cornell now has a total of three athletes who have hit an Olympic standard. Muhammad Halim (Cornell '08) is expected to make his second Olympic Games this summer as he met the triple jump standard of 16.85m back in April. At a meet in Baltimore, Halim won with a distance of 16.99m (55-08 3/4) – a new personal best. Halim competed in the 2012 London Games for the U.S. Virgin Islands where he finished 18th overall.
Stephen Mozia previously met the Olympic Standard this past February as indoor marks are allowed for Olympic Games qualification. But he has continued to surpass the standard of 20.50m as he has an outdoor seasonal best of 20.73m (68-00 1/4) that he threw in early May. He competes for Nigeria. This past week, he earned two bronze medals for the Green and White at the African Championships in South Africa, as he threw 19.84m in the shot put and 59.16m in the discus.
Another HepsNation athlete will likely join Mozia in representing Nigeria in Rio in August – Harvard rising-senior Nikki Okwelogu. Okwelogu's conference record performance from the NCAA East Preliminary Round in the shot put (58-09 1/4 or 17.91m) exceeded the Olympic standard of 17.75m. Okwelogu also was in South Africa for the African Championships, where she won the discus throw on Friday in a new personal best – 56.75m or 186-02 1/4 – which is a new all-time Heps record (note, since this was done outside of the NCAA season, we do not consider it a conference record) but shy of the Olympic standard of 61.00m (200-01 1/4). The picture to the right is Okwelogu with her gold medal – who wouldn't want to take a selfie with a gold medal? She followed that up with silver medal in the shot put (17.07m) on Sunday afternoon.
Speaking of gold medals, Columbia alumna Nadia Eke earned her first gold medal at the African Championships as she won the triple jump. She won by almost 2 inches with a wind-aided leap of 13.42m (44-00 1/4). She previously won a silver medal in this event back in 2014. Her season's best is 13.82m (45-04) – short of the Olympic standard of 14.15m, or 46-05.
As always – if we are missing any results or news, feel free to contact us on social media (@hepstrack on Twitter or hepsnation.com for facebook) or email and we will update the rest of HepsNation!
This entry was posted on Monday, June 27th, 2016 at 6:57 am.	It is filed under Olympics, Spotlight. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed.


text:
Q: MvvmCross clear navigation stack for Xamarin forms app I have trouble when I have to delete navigation stack until to determined page. I couldn't find any feasible solution without NoHistory option. I can remove some pages which have been opened on main page with nohistory attribute but I need another things.
I can explain my problem better with an example. Imagine that I have 5 different pages and the navigation stack's state is 1 > 2 > 3 > 4 > 5. Third page should be opened when particular button is pressed on page of 5. Actually the navigation stack's new state should be 1 > 2 > 3.
How can I apply that operation, please could someone add suggestion for this?
Xamarin Forms version is 3.6.364807
MvvmCross version is 6.2.3.

A: I don't know which version of mvx you are using but if it's one of the last ones you can do:
this.navigationService.ChangePresentation(new MvxPopPresentationHint(typeof(MyThirdViewModel));

This will pop every viewmodel until the third one.
Here you have the hint in the repo
If you don't have that hint because of using a previous version of mvx you can refer to this question to have an idea of how to implement a custom hint.
HIH

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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