text:
\section{\label{Intro:level1}Introduction}
Magneto-optical effects in atom-laser interactions are due to the excitation of a coherent superposition of the atomic or molecular energy levels with the laser radiation. Light synchronizes the phases of the wave functions of these coherently excited atomic levels. If these states happen to be degenerate Zeeman magnetic sublevels $M_{J}$ of the angular momentum state with angular momentum quantum number $J$, then the application of an external magnetic field \textit{B} can split the Zeeman $M_{J}$ sublevels, removing the degeneracy, and, as a result, destroying the Zeeman coherences of the magnetic sublevels, or, in other words, destroying the phase synchronization of the respective wave functions. These changes of atomic properties due to the destruction of coherences lead to magneto-optical resonances. The first observation of such a magneto-optical resonance in the excited state of Hg atoms was made in 1924 by Wilhelm Hanle~\cite{Hanle}, and now is known as the Hanle effect. Accordingly, one speaks of observing resonances in the Hanle configuration when the magneto-optical resonances appear in a fluorescence signal detected along the magnetic field direction as a function of the applied magnetic field \textit{B} at linearly polarized excitation with the polarization \textbf{E} vector perpendicular to  \textbf{B}.

If the intensity of light is strong enough, atomic coherences can be created not only in the excited state of an atom, but also in the ground state through nonlinear absorption by applying the optical pumping technique pioneered by Alfred Kastler. These studies led to the Nobel Prize in physics in 1966 being awarded to Alfred Kastler "for the discovery and development of optical methods for studying Hertzian resonances in atoms"~\cite{Kastler}. If these effects are studied in the Hanle configuration, then often these are classified as ground-state Hanle effect. The ground-state Hanle effect in atoms was first observed in~\cite{Lehmann:1964} (see~\cite{Strumia} for a review).

Magneto-optical effects turned out to be such a rich phenomenon, that nowadays they are still actively studied (see, for example, the review papers~\cite{Budker:2002, Alexandrov:2005}). These studies have generated many interesting applications for opto-electronics~\cite{dawes:2005}, medicine~\cite{Groeger:2006} and precise measurement techniques. For example, one of the most sensitive methods of magnetometry is based on exploiting nonlinear magneto-optical effects in an atomic vapor~\cite{Budker:2007}.

Magneto-optical effects have very many manifestations, such as dark and bright
resonances~\cite{Lukin:1999, Alnis:2001, Dancheva:2000, Alzetta:1976}.
These resonances occur when laser radiation at zero magnetic field modifies the absorption coefficient of the gas through which it is propagating. The resonance is called dark if the absorption coefficient
decreases as a result of the interaction with the laser radiation, and bright if the absorption coefficient increases. The laser-induced modification of the absorption coefficient can be eliminated by applying a magnetic field.
The other manifestations are coherent population trapping~\cite{Arimondo:1996}, electromagnetically induced transparency~\cite{Fleisch:2005} and electromagnetically induced absorption~\cite{Budker:2004}. The phenomenon of the slow light is closely related to these effects as well~\cite{Hau:1999}.

The majority of studies of magneto-optical effects in gases are carried out in atomic media. Although the underlying reason for the appearance of  magneto-optical resonances in molecules is the same as in atoms---Zeeman coherence of magnetic sublevels of a certain angular momentum state---small molecules,
such as diatomic molecules, offer a new perspective on these effects.
Molecular states in diatomic molecules typically have properties that differ significantly from the properties atomic states.

Angular momentum states with $J\sim$100 behave almost classically, which means that angular momentum projection on the quantization axis changes almost continuously. For example, for $J=100$ there are $2J+1=201$ allowed projection values. In contrast to the atomic states with small angular momentum quantum numbers $J$, in molecules angular momentum sometimes can be described even as a classical angular momentum with a well defined orientation in space that changes continuously, see for example~\cite{Molecules}. An exciting perspective can by gained by studying molecular states with small, intermediate and large angular momentum quantum numbers and following how the quantum treatment gradually starts to
coincide with the classical one.

Another practical reason why the study of molecular states is of particular interest is that they have relatively small magnetic moments, typically $10^{-4}$ to $10^{-5}$ times smaller then in atoms. This allows magnetometry methods based on magneto-optical phenomenon in atoms and applicable to extremely weak magnetic fields, to be used for lager fields. In particular to the magnetic fields of the order of Earth magnetic field.

Another feature that is particular to molecules is that they have negligibly small hyperfine splitting of the ground as well the excited states, unlike alkali atoms which are often used to study magneto-optical effects. This can simplify the analysis of the interaction between laser radiation and the molecules, because we do not need to consider interaction of radiation with several, partially overlapping hyperfine transitions simultaneously.

In order for bright resonances to form, it is necessary that a system -- atom or molecule -- cycles several times between the excited state and the initial state~\cite{Arimondo:1996, Papoyan:2002, auzinsh_book}.
However, light absorption in diatomic molecules is usually described in terms of absorption in an open system: the molecule rarely returns to its initial rovibronic state after excitation by a photon, because spontaneous transitions from the excited state are allowed to a very large number of rovibronic levels in the ground state. Nevertheless there still is a small probability for the molecule to return to the initial state. Therefore, one of the tasks for this study is to determine, using theoretical and experimental means, if sufficient cycles between excited and initial state can take place in diatomic molecules for bright resonances to be observable.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering
         \resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{\includegraphics{LevelsBW}}
    \caption{\label{fig:levels} Excitation and observation scheme for the transitions used in this study: (a) \textit{Q}-type transition with $\Delta J=J'-J''=0$ and excitation frequency 15111.270 cm$^{-1}$; (b) \textit{R}-type transition with $\Delta J=J'-J''=+1$ and excitation frequency 15111.940 cm$^{-1}$. In the latter case, \textit{P}-type transitions were used for observations.}
\end{figure}
To our knowledge, the first mention of an increase in the intensity of the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) of diatomic molecules when a magnetic field ($B\geq 1$ T) was applied was reported in~\cite{Broyer:1973} and~\cite{Solarz:1972} for the I$_{2}$ molecule. An increase in the LIF intensity of up to $30\%$  was observed under strong Ar$^{+}$ or Kr$^{+}$ laser excitation of about 1-10 W/cm$^{2}$ at different orientations of the \textbf{E}-vector of linearly polarized light. The authors did not attribute the result to the ground-state Hanle effect, because it was observed also at \textbf{E} parallel to \textbf{B}. The first direct experimental studies of the ground-state Hanle signal were reported in~\cite{Ferber:1979} for the diatomic molecules K$_{2}$ and Na$_{2}$ in their X$^{1}\Sigma^{+}_{g}$ electronic ground states with large angular momenta $J''=73$ and 99, respectively. Changes of the degree of LIF polarization with increasing \textbf{B} perpendicular to \textbf{E} have been observed in conditions of nonlinear \textit{Q}-type excitation $(J'-J''=0)$ with a fixed frequency multimode laser that accidentally excited a particular B$^{1}\Pi$ ($v'$, $J'$) rovibronic level in these systems. Under such conditions, the so-called, ground-state "optical pumping", first observed in~\cite{Drullinger:1969} for Na$_{2}$, leads to a diminished degree of LIF polarization at $B=0$. In particular, in~\cite{Ferber:1979} for the K$_{2}$ molecule, LIF was excited by the 632.8 nm line of a multimode He-Ne laser with a power density of about 1 W/cm$^{2}$; the nonlinear ground-state Hanle effect manifested itself as an increase in the degree of LIF polarization of about $5\%$ as the magnetic field \textit{B} was increased up to 0.8 T. At larger \textit{B} values LIF polarization diminished because of the excited B$^{1}\Pi$ state Hanle effect.

The nonlinear Hanle signals in diatomic molecules observed in~\cite{Ferber:1979} (see also~\cite{Molecules} for a review), were analyzed using the classical treatment developed for the asymptotic limit   $J\rightarrow \infty$, by Ducloy~\cite{Ducloy:1976} in terms of the balance equations for the classical probability density, accounting for the precession of classical angular momentum \textbf{J} in the magnetic field. The connection of such an approach to Zeeman coherences has been discussed in~\cite{Molecules}.

To explain these results, a model was developed applying an expansion of the density matrix via polarization (multipole) moments (see~\cite{Molecules} for a review), which made it possible to interpret the additional narrow structure observed in the vicinity of \textit{B}=0 of a nonlinear Hanle signal~\cite{Ferber:1979} as a manifestation, via a fourth-rank moment, of the sixth-rank polarization moment of the ground state $J\gg1$~\cite{Molecules}.  A comparison of the quantum mechanical and classical treatments of the nonlinear Hanle signals based on the balance equations is given in~\cite{Auzinsh:1991, Molecules}.

The motivation of the present study is to revisit the nonlinear ground state Hanle effect of a diatomic molecule with $J\sim100$ and to study in detail the peculiarities observed in earlier works~\cite{Ferber:1979, Molecules}. We intended to achieve a well controlled excitation by using the  narrow line of a single-mode, scanned, diode laser and to examine the nonlinear magneto-optical resonances under various excitation power densities and relaxation conditions, as well as to apply the detailed theoretical treatment proposed in~\cite{Renzoni:2001a, AlnisJPB:2001, Papoyan:2002}. Such a treatment already has been applied successfully to atoms; it included averaging over the Doppler profile and allowed reproducing magneto-optical signals with experimental accuracy at different laser frequency detuning (see, for instance,~\cite{Auzinsh:2009} and references therein).

\section{\label{Experiment:level1}Experiment}
K$_{2}$ molecules were formed in an 8 cm long custom-made glass cell with a side-arm, which contained natural mixture of potassium isotopes. The cell had a diameter of 16 mm and the windows on both ends were flat and parallel.
The cell was partly blackened from the outside to reduce reflections.  It was connected by a dry valve to a vacuum system in order to pump away impurities that diffused from the walls of the cell. The cell was placed in an oven that was located between the poles of an electromagnet, which were separated by a  5 cm gap. The oven was made from non-magnetic materials and contained two separately powered heating elements. The temperature of the side-arm varied between 150$^\circ$C and 185$^\circ$C. The temperature in the cell was maintained \textcolor{red}{} 30$^\circ$C higher to avoid metal deposition on the walls of
the cell.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering
         \resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{\includegraphics{SetupBW}}
    \caption{\label{fig:setup} Experimental geometry. The relative orientation of the laser beam (exc), its polarization vector $\textbf{E}_{exc}$, magnetic field vector \textbf{B}, and observation direction (obs) are shown.}
\end{figure}
The \textit{Q}-type and \textit{R}-type X$^{1}\Sigma_{g}^{+}\rightarrow$ B$^{1}\Pi_{u}$ transitions (see Fig.~\ref{fig:levels}) in the K$_{2}$ molecule were excited at frequencies of 15111.270 cm$^{-1}$ and 15111.940 cm$^{-1}$, respectively, with a tunable, single-mode, external-cavity, cw diode laser with a \textit{Mitsubishi} ML101J27 laser diode whose central wavelength was 660 nm. Its temperature and current were stabilized by \textit{Thorlabs} controllers. The laser beam passed through a Glan-Thompson prism to ensure a high degree of linear polarization. The spectral width of the laser line was assumed to be below 10 MHz. The diameter of the laser beam was defined as the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the laser beam intensity distribution, and the laser power density was defined as the total laser power divided by the cross-sectional area of the laser beam, as calculated with this beam diameter. The laser beam diameter was 1.1 mm; its cross-sectional area was measured  by a \textit{Thorlabs} BP 104-VIS beam profiler. The maximal laser power at the entrance of the cell was 22 mW. The laser frequency was monitored with a \textit{HighFinesse} WS-7 wavemeter with an relative accuracy of 10 MHz. The B$^{1}\Pi_{u}\rightarrow$X$^{1}\Sigma_{g}^{+}$ LIF spectra were investigated with an ISF-125 high resolution Fourier transform spectrometer \textit{Bruker Optik GmbH} in order to select the proper excitations.

The LIF from a 1.5 cm long region of the cell was collected by a two-lens system and imaged onto the input slit of a DFS-12 double monochromator with an inverse dispersion of 0.5 nm/mm. The monochromator had selected LIF transitions  15023.476 cm$^{-1}$ in case of the \textit{Q}-excitation and 15001.650 cm$^{-1}$ in case of the \textit{R}-excitation. In order to suppress a nearby line from another level that was simultaneously excited within Doppler width, it was necessary to detune the laser frequency from the resonance by $+200$ MHz for \textit{Q}-excitation and by $+170$ MHz for \textit{R}-excitation. The LIF intensities were detected by a \textit{Hamamatsu} photomultiplier module via an \textit{Electron Tubes} CT2 time counter. The electromagnet, powered by two \textit{Agilent} N5770A DC power supplies connected in parallel, was used to produce a homogeneous magnetic field \textit{B} up to 0.7 T. The magnetic field was calibrated by a digital teslameter with an accuracy of $5\cdot10^{-4}$ T. Two switchable sheet polarizers were inserted in front of the slit to measure the LIF intensity that was polarized either parallel (\textit{I}$_{par}$ ) or orthogonal (\textit{I}$_{per}$ ) to the exciting laser polarization vector \textbf{E} in the Hanle configuration. The experimental geometry is shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:setup}, which depicts the relative orientation of the laser beam, the polarization vector of the laser light $\textbf{E}_{exc}$, the magnetic field \textbf{B}, and the observation direction. To observe the fluorescence in the direction along the magnetic field, a mirror was attached to one of the poles of the electromagnet.

The fluorescence was recorded while the magnetic field was scanned, in discrete steps, from 0 to 0.7 Tesla in one direction. At each step, the signal was collected during 2 seconds. Thus, a typical scan lasted 40 seconds, including the time necessary for the establishment of the constant magnetic field. Usually, from 40 to 80 scans were performed and averaged.  The dependences of the LIF intensities (\textit{I}$_{par}$ and \textit{I}$_{per}$) on the magnetic field were detected separately and then normalized to the \textit{I}$_{par}$ value at $B=0$.  The degree of polarization was calculated as $P=(I_{par} -I_{per})/(I_{par}+I_{per})$, accounting for different losses in the detection system for each component of the LIF polarization.

\section{\label{Theory:level1}Theoretical model}
A theoretical model had been developed previously in order to describe bright and dark resonances of atomic alkali metals in vapor cells~\cite{Blushs:2004, Auzinsh:2009}, and a detailed description of this theoretical model can be found in these references. We give a brief summary of the model here for convenience and emphasize the changes made in order to treat diatomic molecules. The model describes the internal molecular dynamics by a density matrix $\rho$, which also depends parametrically on the classical coordinates of the molecular center of mass. The time evolution of the density matrix $\rho$ follows the optical Bloch equations (OBEs)~\cite{Stenholm:2005}:
\begin{equation}
        i\hbar \frac{\partial \rho}{\partial t} = \left[\hat{H},\rho \right] + i \hbar\hat{R}\rho.
        \label{obe}
\end{equation}
The Hamiltonian $\hat{H}$ is assumed to be in the form $\hat{H} = \hat{H}_0 + \hat{H}_B + \hat{V}$. Here, $\hat{H}_0$ describes the unperturbed molecular energy structure, $\hat{H}_B$ describes the molecule's interaction with the static magnetic field, and $\hat{V} = -\hat{\textbf{\textit{d}}} \cdot \textbf{\textit{E}}(t)$ is the dipole interaction operator that describes the interaction between the molecule and the exciting radiation. The relaxation operator $\hat{R}$ includes the spontaneous emission rate, which equals the spontaneous decay rate of the excited state $\Gamma$, and the combined transit and collision relaxation rate $\gamma$, which can be estimated from the exciting laser's beam diameter, the temperature and density of the gas in the cell, as well as the effective cross-section of the collisions; more details on this evaluation are given in the next section.

The exciting radiation is described classically as an oscillating electrical field with a stochastically fluctuating phase, which results in a Lorentzian frequency distribution with full width at half maximum (FWHM) $\Delta\omega$. The central frequency changes as the classically moving molecules experience the Doppler shift. Next, the rotating wave approximation~\cite{Allen:1975} is employed to obtain a system of stochastic differential equations from~\eqref{obe}. Only the equations describing the time evolution of the optical coherences contain the stochastic phase variables. Accounting for the fact that the experimentally observed light intensity is averaged over time intervals that are large compared to the characteristic time of the phase fluctuations, the optical coherences are adiabatically eliminated from the system of differential equations. The equations corresponding to the optical coherences are integrated~\cite{Stenholm:2005}, while the stochastic phase variable is decorrelated and formally averaged ~\cite{Kampen:1976}, and the obtained results are substituted in equations corresponding to the Zeeman coherences~\cite{Auzinsh:2009}. The method yields rate equations for the Zeeman coherences that are valid for either spectrally broad exciting radiation $(\Delta\omega \gg \Gamma)$ or stationary excitation conditions:
\begin{align}
\dfrac{\partial\rho_{g_ig_j}}{\partial t} =&\bigl(\Xi_{g_ie_m} + \Xi_{e_kg_j}^{\ast}\bigr)\underset{e_k, e_m
}{ \sum }\bigl(d_1^{g_ie_k}\bigr)^{\ast}d_1^{e_mg_j}\rho_{e_ke_m} \nonumber \\
&- \underset{e_k,g_m}{\sum }\Bigl[\Xi_{e_kg_j}^{\ast} \bigl(d_1^{g_ie_k}\bigr)^{\ast}d_1^{e_kg_m}\rho_{g_mg_j} \nonumber \\
&+\Xi_{g_ie_k} \bigl(d_1^{g_me_k}\bigr)^{\ast}d_1^{e_kg_j}\rho_{g_ig_m}\Bigr] - i\omega_{g_ig_j}\rho_{g_ig_j} \nonumber \\
&+ \alpha\underset{e_k, e_m}{\sum}\Gamma_{g_ig_j}^{e_ke_m}\rho_{e_ke_m} -\gamma\rho_{g_ig_j} + \lambda\delta\bigl(g_i, g_j\bigr)
\label{rate1}
\end{align}
and
\begin{align}
\dfrac{\partial\rho_{e_ie_j}}{\partial t} =&\bigl(\Xi_{e_ig_m}^{\ast} + \Xi_{g_ke_j}\bigr) \underset{g_k, g_
m}{\sum }d_1^{e_ig_k}\bigl(d_1^{g_me_j}\bigr)^{\ast}\rho_{g_kg_m} \nonumber \\
&- \underset{g_k,e_m}{\sum }\Bigl[\Xi_{g_ke_j} d_1^{e_ig_k}\bigl(d_1^{g_ke_m}\bigr)^{\ast}\rho_{e_me_j} \nonumber \\
&+\Xi_{e_ig_k}^{\ast} d_1^{e_mg_k}\bigl(d_1^{g_ke_j}\bigr)^{\ast}\rho_{e_ie_m}\Bigr]  \nonumber \\
&- i\omega_{e_ie_j}\rho_{e_ie_j} - \Gamma\rho_{e_ie_j}
\label{rate2}.
\end{align}
In these equations $\rho_{g_ig_j}$ and $\rho_{e_ie_j}$ are the density matrix elements for the ground and excited states, respectively. Quantities $\Xi_{g_ie_j}$ and $\Xi_{e_ig_j}^{\ast}$ describe the coupling between the ground and excited states induced by the laser field; they depend on the Rabi frequency ($\Omega_R$), which is discussed in the next section, as well as on the spontaneous decay rate of the excited state ($\Gamma$), the exciting laser's linewidth ($\Delta\omega$) and the actual frequency detuning between particular transition of two magnetic sublevels and the excitation frequency:
\begin{equation}\label{pumping}
\Xi_{ij} = \frac{\Omega_R^2}{\frac{\Gamma+\gamma+\Delta\omega}{2}+\dot\imath\left(\bar\omega-\mathbf{k}_{\bar\omega}\mathbf{v}+\omega_{g_ie_j}\right)}.
\end{equation}
The complex part in the denominator of \eqref{pumping} includes the laser detuning from the exact optical transition frequency ($\bar\omega$), the Doppler shift ($\mathbf{k}_{\bar\omega}\mathbf{v}$), and the Zeeman effect ($\omega_{g_ie_j}$).

The dipole transition matrix elements $d_1^{e_ig_j}$ between the ground state $i$ and the excited state $j$ can be calculated according to angular momentum theory in general and the Wigner-Eckart theorem in particular~\cite{auzinsh_book}. The energy splittings between the magnetic sublevels of either the ground or the excited state are denoted by $\omega_{ij}$; within the scope of the present research the shifts are assumed to be caused by the linear Zeeman effect. We assume our transition to be open (i.e., not all of the molecules from the excited state decay to the initial ground state), and the recurrence is described by the coefficient
$\alpha$; $\Gamma_{g_ig_j}^{e_ie_j}$ describes the coherence transfer via spontaneous transitions from the excited to the ground state. Re-population of the ground state due to non-optical processes, such as unpolarized molecules in which coherence of magnetic sublevels has not been created flying into the interaction region or molecules loosing their coherence due to collisions, occurs with rate $\lambda$ [$\delta\bigl(g_i, g_j\bigr)$ is a Kronecker delta function]. We assumed that the molecular equilibrium density outside the interaction region is normalized to unity, and so $\lambda = \gamma$.

The experiments are assumed to take place under stationary excitation conditions, so $\partial\rho_{g_ig_j}/\partial t = \partial\rho_{e_ie_j}/\partial t = 0$. Thus, one can reduce the differential equations \eqref{rate1}~+~\eqref{rate2} to a system of linear algebraic equations, which, when solved, yields the density matrices for the molecular ground and excited states. The linear algebraic system can be solved analytically for small rotational angular momentum $J$ values, but the complexity of the problem increases rapidly when the angular momentum is increased: the number of equations in the linear system is proportional to $(2J+1)^2$. Thus, for the $J$ values discussed in the present study, the system \eqref{rate1}~+~\eqref{rate2} can be solved only numerically for particular excitation conditions as the number of equations in the system is on the order of $10^5$. If the linear algebraic system is written in matrix form $A\mathbf{x} = \mathbf{b}$ one needs to diagonalize the matrix of coefficients $A$ in order to solve the linear system. The fact that most of the elements in the matrix of coefficients are equal to zero is employed to optimize the process of diagonalization and thus the use of computational resources. A set of routines (UMFPACK) based on the Unsymmetric MultiFrontal method~\cite{Davis2004_1} is used to perform decomposition of the sparse matrix of the linear system into a product of a lower and an upper triangular matrix (LU factorization).

Once the density matrices are known, one obtains the observed fluorescence intensity as follows:
\begin{equation}
        I_f(\tilde{\textbf{e}})=\tilde{I}_0\underset{g_i, e_i, e_j}{\sum}d^{(ob)*}_{g_ie_j}d^{(ob)}_{e_ig_i}\rho_{e_ie_j},
        \label{fluorescence}
\end{equation}
where $\tilde{I}_0$ is a constant of proportionality. Two orthogonal polarization components (see Fig. \ref{fig:setup}) are calculated. To describe the influence of the Doppler effect, the fluorescence is summed over the different atomic velocity groups. For the averaging over the frequency, the step size is chosen to be smaller than the natural linewidth of the transition. Figure~\ref{fig:Theory} illustrates the calculated LIF signals of one of polarization components obtained in this way using parameters which were typical for the experiment performed. The following parameters were used for the K$_{2}$ molecule: the spontaneous decay time $\Gamma^{-1}=12\cdot10^{-9}$ s~\cite{Ferber:1979} for the B$^{1}\Pi_{u}$ state, the Land\'e factor of the excited state g$_{J'}=1/J'(J'+1)$~\cite{Herzberg}; the Land\'e factor of the ground state g$_{J''}=(1.01\pm 0.04)\cdot10^{-5}$~\cite{Molecules}. It can be seen that the present theoretical model predicts well pronounced dark resonances in the K$_{2}$ molecule. The analysis demonstrated that the bright resonances should not been observed for such an open system.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering
       \resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{\includegraphics{Theory}}
       \caption{\label{fig:Theory} Simulation of the parallel polarization component of the LIF intensity versus the magnetic field for K$_{2}$ \textit{Q}-type excitation X$^{1}\Sigma_{g}^{+}\rightarrow$B$^{1}\Pi_{u}$ with $J'=J''=99$, at $\Omega_{R}$=27 MHz for different relaxation rates $\gamma$.}
\end{figure}

\section{\label{Results:level1}Results and Discussion}
The measured dependences on the magnetic field of the LIF intensities and the degree of polarization for the \textit{Q}-type excitation are presented in Figs.~\ref{fig:Q5}--\ref{fig:Q4} for different combinations of potassium vapor densities and laser power densities. This set of data is complemented by an example of the \textit{R}-type excitation presented in Fig.~\ref{fig:R2}. The figures show stacked plots of the intensities \textit{I}$_{par}(B)$ and \textit{I}$_{per}(B)$ and of the degree of polarization $P(B)$. The intensities are given in relative units, and the value of \textit{I}$_{par}$ at \textit{B} = 0 is normalized to unity. The scattered dots represent the experimental data, while the solid lines represent calculations based on Eqs.\eqref{rate1}~--~\eqref{fluorescence}.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering
       \resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{\includegraphics{Q5}}
       \caption{\label{fig:Q5} Experimental (scattered dots) LIF intensities $I_{par}$, $I_{per}$ and degree of polarization \textit{P} versus the magnetic field  observed in K$_{2}$ for \textit{Q}-type excitation with a side-arm temperature of 150$^\circ$C.  The solid lines are the result of simulations at $\Omega_{R}$=27 MHz and $\gamma$=0.03 MHz, and with a 200 MHz detuning of the excitation frequency from the resonance.
The dotted lines are calculated for the same parameters, but without the laser frequency detuning.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering
       \resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{\includegraphics{Q3}}
       \caption{\label{fig:Q3} Experimental (scattered dots) LIF intensities $I_{par}$, $I_{per}$ and degree of polarization \textit{P} versus magnetic field  observed in K$_{2}$ for \textit{Q}-type excitation with a side-arm temperature of 180$^\circ$C.  The solid lines are the results of a simulation at $\Omega_{R}$=27 MHz and $\gamma$=0.08 MHz, with a 200 MHz detuning of the excitation frequency from the resonance.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering
       \resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{\includegraphics{Q4}}
       \caption{\label{fig:Q4} Experimental (scattered dots) LIF intensities $I_{par}$, $I_{per}$ and degree of polarization \textit{P} versus magnetic field observed in K$_{2}$ for \textit{Q}-type excitation at reduced laser power density (the temperature in the side-arm was 180$^\circ$C).  The solid lines are the result of a simulation at $\Omega_{R}$=10 MHz and $\gamma$=0.09 MHz, with a 200 MHz detuning of the excitation frequency from the resonance.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering
       \resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{\includegraphics{R2}}
       \caption{\label{fig:R2} Experimental (scattered dots) LIF intensities $I_{par}$, $I_{per}$ and degree of polarization \textit{P} versus magnetic field  observed in K$_{2}$ for \textit{R}-type excitation with a side-arm temperature of 185$^\circ$C. The solid lines are the result of a simulation at $\Omega_{R}$=27 MHz and $\gamma$=0.09 MHz, with a 170 MHz detuning of the excitation frequency  from the resonance.}
\end{figure}
The laser power density and the number density of the potassium atoms $N_{K}$ are given in each figure. The number density $N_{K_{2}}$ of the K$_{2}$ molecules is by about two orders of magnitudes less than $N_{K}$. The density of the potassium atoms and molecules is calculated from the temperature of the metal vapor according to~\cite{Nesmeyanov}. The values of the Rabi frequency $\Omega_{R}$ and of the ground-state relaxation rate $\gamma$ can be roughly estimated from experimental parameters. The Rabi frequency is proportional to the excitation probability of the transition and the laser field amplitude \textbf{E}~\cite{auzinsh_book}:
\begin{equation}
	\Omega_R \propto \vert \textbf{E} \vert \propto \sqrt{I}.
\label{Rabi}
\end{equation}
A simple way to estimate the coefficient of proportionality in \eqref{Rabi} is by calculating the saturation laser power density $I_{sat}$ at which the Rabi frequency becomes equal to the rate of spontaneous emission (assuming that $\gamma \ll \Gamma$) as is shown in~\cite{Alnis:2003}.

The ground-state relaxation rate $\gamma$ can be described by a sum of the collision-induced relaxation rate $\gamma_{col}$ and the transit relaxation rate $\gamma_{tran}$, which is caused by molecules escaping laser beam region and ``fresh" molecules flying into it:
\begin{equation}
\gamma=\gamma_{col}+\gamma_{tran}=\sigma_{col} N_{K}\langle\textit{\textbf{v}}\rangle+\dfrac{\langle\textit{\textbf{v}}\rangle}{d_{L}},
\label{gamma}
\end{equation}
where $d_{L}$ is the laser beam diameter, $\langle\textit{\textbf{v}}\rangle$ is the mean thermal velocity and $\sigma_{col}$ is the K$_{2}($X$^{1}\Sigma_{g}^{+})+$K inelastic collision cross section.

Figure~\ref{fig:Q5} shows the LIF signal for \textit{Q}-type excitation with the temperature in the side-arm of the cell held as low as reasonably possible in order to reduce the collision-induced relaxation. The manifestation of the nonlinear ground-state Hanle effect, or dark resonance, is readily visible with a contrast of about 0.18 in \textit{I}$_{par}(B)$ as predicted by calculations (solid line) at $\gamma=0.03$ MHz which agrees well with its estimate by \eqref{gamma} (see also Figure~\ref{fig:Theory}).
The \textit{I}$_{per}$ dependence on \textit{B} is more complicated. It shows a dark resonance that is noticeably narrower than in \textit{I}$_{par}(B)$ with a smooth decline at \textit{B} $>$ 0.1 T. Such \textit{I}$_{par}(B)$ and \textit{I}$_{per}(B)$ dependences yield the polarization degree $P(B)$ as shown in the lowest graph in Fig.~\ref{fig:Q5}. Note that the degree of polarization $P$ at $B=0$ is about 0.37, which is markedly smaller than the limit at weak excitation, close to 1/2~\cite{Molecules}. A peculiarity in the form of a peak at $P(0)$ can be distinguished (see inset). Such additional structure in $P(B)$ was discovered in~\cite{Ferber:1979} (see~\cite{Molecules} for a review). The narrow dark resonance in \textit{I}$_{per}(B)$ was not revealed in~\cite{Ferber:1979} since only the resonances in $P(B)$ were studied.

In order to test how the detuning could affect the signal, we calculated numerically the LIF dependence on magnetic field for an excitation without any detuning from the resonance frequency. The results are shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:Q5} by dotted lines. As can be seen, such detuning does not significantly affect the shapes of the magneto-optical resonances.

Figure~\ref{fig:Q3} shows the resonance signals at \textit{Q}-type excitation at the same laser power density as in Fig.~\ref{fig:Q5} but at higher temperature in the side-arm. Compared to the situation in Fig.~\ref{fig:Q5}, the contrast of the resonance in \textit{I}$_{par}(B)$ is smaller and the degree of polarization at $B=0$ increases up to $P(0)=0.42$. It can be seen that the resonance becomes broader, which is caused by the increase of $\gamma$ due to the growth of $\gamma_{col}$ with $N_{K}$ (see expression~\eqref{gamma}). When increasing the temperature from 150$^\circ$C to 180$^\circ$C, the value of $N_{K}$ increases by about 5 times (see Figures~\ref{fig:Q5},~\ref{fig:Q3}), and the collisional process becomes dominant since $\gamma$ increases from 0.03 to 0.08 MHz, which significantly exceeds the transit relaxation rate. The change in the shape of the dark resonance is most pronounced in the \textit{I}$_{per}(B)$ signal.

We also studied how the resonance shape varies as a function of laser power density. Figure~\ref{fig:Q4} shows the LIF intensities and degree of polarization for \textit{Q}-type excitation at much lower laser power density that was about 360 times weaker than in Figs.~\ref{fig:Q5}--\ref{fig:Q3}. Under these conditions the contrast of the resonance in \textit{I}$_{par}(B)$, \textit{I}$_{per}(B)$ and $P(B)$ was markedly diminished, and the degree of polarization at $B=0$ approached its maximum value at weak excitation close to 1/2.

Figure~\ref{fig:R2} shows the LIF intensities and degree of polarization for \textit{R}-type excitation. The structure in the curves was similar to the structure observed for \textit{Q}-type excitation, which indicates that the same mechanism was mainly responsible for the structure in both types of excitation.

The results presented above show that our theoretical model describes reasonably well a wide range of experimental data using only two fitting parameters: $\Omega_{R}$ and  $\gamma$. It could therefore be expected that the best fit by our model can provide estimates of relaxation and molecule-light interaction parameters that correspond to the real experimental conditions. As the shapes of magneto-optical resonances are very sensitive to these parameters, the model can be used as a tool for estimating numerically the relaxation constant $\gamma$ and the Rabi frequency $\Omega_{R}$. However, when we increased the laser power density by a factor of 360, we expected to obtain a Rabi frequency $\Omega_{R}$ that was larger by a factor of 19, see ~\eqref{Rabi}. Instead, the best fit corresponded to an increase in the Rabi frequency of only a factor of 3. The reason for this discrepancy could be that for very high laser powers, the effective power density is smaller
than expected because of the influence of the wings of the laser beam profile,
which has a roughly Gaussian distribution. The saturation intensity~\cite{Alnis:2003, auzinsh_book} calculated for these transitions was approximately 0.003 W/cm$^2$. The actual laser power density used in the experiment was between 0.003 and 1.1 W/cm$^2$. At high laser power densities the transition is already saturated in the most of the area that is defined as the laser beam cross section. However, the wings of the laser beam profile are not saturated and their contribution becomes larger relative to the saturated center. Therefore, the signal is being generated by a large region whose actual laser power density is much lower than the defined total laser power density of the beam. This interpretation is supported by Fig.~\ref{fig:Zeeman}, which shows that the LIF signal continues to increase
almost linearly even though at such laser power density at the central part of the beam the transition is already fully saturated. A theoretical model accounting for a realistic Gaussian-shaped laser beam profile is computationally too intense to be applied to the molecular system discussed in this paper. Therefore, we have chosen a simpler approach that employs an effective Rabi frequency.

It is worth discussing in more detail the unexpected narrowing of the nonlinear ground state magnetic resonances in the \textit{B}-dependences of the orthogonally polarized LIF intensity \textit{I}$_{per}$ when compared to the corresponding dependences of the parallel polarized LIF component \textit{I}$_{par}$.  Such an effect is theoretically predicted, under certain conditions, by simulations using the present model and was experimentally confirmed (see Figs.~\ref{fig:Q5} and~\ref{fig:Q3}). Indeed, the half width $B_{1/2}$ of the growing part (dark resonance) of the \textit{I}$_{per}(B)$ was about $B_{1/2}\sim\ 0.05$ T in Fig.~\ref{fig:Q5}, which was much smaller than the respective half width in the  \textit{I}$_{par}(B)$ of about 0.2 T. Interestingly enough, if the growing part of the narrow dark resonances in \textit{I}$_{per}(B)$ in Fig.~\ref{fig:Q5} and Fig.~\ref{fig:Q3} is approximated roughly by a Lorentz-type dependence, when the respective Larmor frequency $\omega_{g_{i}g_{j}}(B_{1/2})=\omega_{L}$ of the precession of the ground-state magnetic moments is connected with the ground-state relaxation rate as $\gamma=|g_{i}-g_{j}|\omega_{L}$, then the respective coherence between Zeeman sublevels of $J''$ is close to $|g_{i}-g_{j}|= 4$.
\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering
       \resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{\includegraphics{FiltriBW}}
       \caption{\label{fig:Zeeman} Measured relative intensities versus laser power at the entrance of the cell. Here, $B=0$; the other experimental parameters are the same as in Fig.~\ref{fig:Q3}. The solid lines are shown to guide the eye.}
\end{figure}
This corresponds to magnetic-field-induced relaxation of the polarization moments $\rho_{q}^{\kappa}$, which are the coefficients of expansion of the density matrix $\rho_{g_{i}g_{j}}$~\eqref{rate1} over the irreducible tensor operators (called polarization operators) with rank $\kappa=4$ (see, for instance,~\cite{auzinsh_book, Molecules} and references therein). Such a polarization moment is called a hexadecapole moment, and its manifestation in LIF is, as a rule, masked by a second-rank $\kappa=2$ quadrupole polarization moment, or alignment. The latter should produce roughly a two times broader \textit{B}-dependence, with $B_{1/2}$ corresponding to $\gamma=2\omega_{L}$. For essentially non-linear conditions, as in Fig.~\ref{fig:Q5} and Fig.~\ref{fig:Q3}, the \textit{B}-dependence of the LIF is expected to be power broadened, and such broadening should be much more pronounced in the \textit{I}$_{par}(B)$ determined by the second-rank polarization moment (alignment) than for the \textit{I}$_{per}(B)$ predominantly determined by the fourth rank $\kappa=4$ (or higher ranks $\kappa>4$, see~\cite{Molecules}). This suggests an explanation for the differences between the half widths of \textit{I}$_{par}(B)$ and  \textit{I}$_{per}(B)$ presented in Fig.~\ref{fig:Q5} and Fig.~\ref{fig:Q3}.

\section{\label{Conclusion:level1}Conclusion}
Nonlinear magneto-optical resonances (or nonlinear Hanle signals) have been studied for systems with large angular momentum ($J\sim$100) in K$_{2}$ molecules. The dependence on temperature and laser power density was observed and described by a theoretical model that is based on the optical Bloch equations. The model included averaging over the Doppler profile, the splitting of the magnetic sublevels in an external magnetic field, and the coherence properties of the radiation field. Dark  resonances have been theoretically predicted and experimentally detected in the LIF
intensities $I(B)$ under linearly polarized excitation.

The theoretical simulation predicts that for the particular molecular \textit{R}-absorption transition $J''=105 \rightarrow J'=106$ the fraction of molecules that returns to the initial $J''=105$ after spontaneous emission is too small to form a bright resonance. This prediction was confirmed experimentally in this study.

The observed and calculated Hanle resonance in the component of the LIF intensity \textit{I}$_{per}(B)$ that was polarized orthogonally to $\textbf{E}$ was markedly narrower than would have been expected from the relaxation rate $\gamma$. This allowed us to explain the narrow maximum previously observed in the degree of LIF polarization in earlier works~\cite{Ferber:1979, Molecules}.

It was demonstrated that it is possible to describe nonlinear magneto-optical resonances in systems with large angular momenta over a wide range of experimental conditions with the theoretical model developed in~\cite{Blushs:2004}. As a result, theoretical modeling can serve as a tool for future investigations of systems with large angular momenta and for the development of practical applications based on them.

\begin{acknowledgments}
We would like to thank Dr. Andrey Jarmola and Dr. Florian Gahbauer for useful advices and discussions. This work has been supported by the European Social Fund under the auspices of the project ``Support for Doctoral Studies at the University of Latvia" and by project Nr. 2009/0223/1DP/1.1.1.2.0/
09/APIA/VIAA/008.

The support from ERAF project Nr. 2DP/2.1.1.1.0/10/APIA/VIAA/036, State Research Program Grant No. 2010/10-4/VPP-2/1 ``Development of innovative multifunctional materials, signal processing and information technology for competitive, science intensive products" and from the Latvian Science Council Grant No. 09.1036 is gratefully acknowledged.

\end{acknowledgments}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


In the Central Asian republic of Kyrgyzstan, bride kidnapping—abducting young women and girls for the purpose of marriage—remains widespread. Children born to these kidnapped brides weighed 80 to 190 grams less than infants born in arranged marriages.
Birthweight provides an important marker of both mothers' and babies' health, says Charles Becker, a research professor of economics at Duke University and coauthor of the study in Demography.
Previous studies have linked babies' weight at birth to long-term outcomes including adult height, education, and earnings. Lower birthweights have also been linked to greater risk of disease.
Some defend bride kidnapping, pointing to its long tradition in Kyrgyz society, says Becker, who has worked in Kyrgyzstan for the Asian Development Bank and the American University of Central Asia.
Lower birthweights have also been found among babies whose mothers were assaulted during pregnancy.
Few researchers have attempted to measure the damage wrought by forced marriage, but these women have previously reported high rates of depression, self-harm and even suicide.
Bride kidnapping once extended across much of the world, and has since vanished from most countries. It persists, however, in countries as diverse as Armenia, Ethiopia, Kazakhstan, and South Africa. In Kyrgyzstan, a country of about 5.8 million people, the practice remains especially common in rural areas, despite being illegal.
In Kyrgyzstan, between 16 to 23 percent of marriages result from kidnapping. The numbers are higher among the ethnic Kyrgyz, with bride kidnapping accounting for roughly a third of all marriages in that group.
The Kyrgyz people call the practice "ala kachuu," which means "to take and run away." Typically, a potential groom and his friends take a young woman into a car and transport her to the groom's home. The groom's family then pressures the bride to write a letter to her family consenting to the marriage, and to don a "marriage scarf" over her head.
Kidnapped brides tend to be younger than other brides. In Kyrgyzstan, the mean age among those brides is 19. Not surprisingly perhaps, divorce rates also run higher among marriages that resulted from kidnapping.
It's too soon to say why babies born to kidnapped brides weigh less, Becker says. But maternal stress is a likely cause. Also unclear is why bride kidnapping is so widely tolerated in Kyrgyzstan.
Becker hopes the new findings encourage stronger enforcement of anti-kidnapping laws.


Apple is finalizing an eight-episode order for an adaptation of Israeli series Nevelot starring Richard Gere, per Deadline.
The as-yet-untitled series centers on two elderly Vietnam vets and best friends, one of them played by Gere, who find their lives upended when a woman they both loved 50 years ago is hit and killed by a car. An act of self-defense snowballs into a tragic series of events, as the duo's lifelong regrets and secrets collide with their resentment of today's self-absorbed millennials.
Gere is set to star in and executive produce the series, which was initially set up for development at HBO in 2015 with a different creative team. Howard Gordon, who helped develop the Israeli series Prisoners of War into Showtime's Homeland, will write the series, and also serve as showrunner alongside Warren Leight (Law & Order: SVU).
The series hails from Fox 21 Television Studios, Gordon's 20th TV-based Teakwood Lane Prods. and Keshet Studios. Executive producers are Gordon, Leight, Gere, Dror Sabo, Lee Yardeni, Avi Nir, Alon Shtruzman, Rachel Kaplan, Peter Traugott, Yoram Mokady and Mirit Toovi.
Gere recently signed on for his first major TV role in BBC's MotherFatherSon, alongside Helen McCrory and Billy Howle.
It's likely that Apple is developing the series for its forthcoming TV streaming service, for which the tech giant has recruited big names from Hollywood including Reese Witherspoon and Oprah Winfrey.
Stay up to date on everything we know about Apple's TV slate and forthcoming streaming service here.


Last night a friend of mine asked me if I had ever heard the original version of Madman Across the Water. Being this was one of my favorite Elton John tunes I was intrigued. Dave says: "Listen to the reissued 2001 album Tumbleweed Connection with the original version that doesn't have Elton's piano as the lead instrument but Mick Ronson's guitar". Yes the same Mick Ronson that help make David Bowie's "The Rise And Fall Of Ziggy Stardust And The Spiders From Mars" record such a big hit and was the leading force beside Bowie on the powerful tour that followed.
Come to find out that the 2001 reissue was the second one. The first one was 1995 or 1996 like that really matters. I loved the song so much that it was decide to skip this weeks song for this one instead. It will be worth it! If you have never heard this version you have to listen to it. What a great version. It truly highlights Ronson's guitar skills and really rocks out. I wonder what kind of radio play it would have gotten if it ended up being released instead of the "Madman Across the Water" album version?
Thanks Dave for all your fabulous music knowledge and sharing it with me again. Get better soon too!!!!
This entry was posted in Classic Rock, Elton John, Forgotten Rock Classics, Forgotten Songs, Madman Across the Water, Mick Ronson, Music, Rock and tagged Classic Rock, CS5711, Elton John, Forgotten Rock Classics, Forgotten Songs, Madman Across the Water, Mick Ronson, Music, Record, Rock Music, Song. Bookmark the permalink.
Yes, I can see why you love this version. I think Taupin and John were an amazing team.
Not many song writing teams can match the number of rock and roll hits Taupin and John have had, John and Paul, Jagger and Richards come to mind. John and Paul don't have the longevity that the other two pairs have but boy did they change the music world in the short time they wrote together.


Original plantation lands were located west of Union off SC 49 in the vicinity of Blackstock Road, Battlefield Road, and Monument Road.
Current status – Bike trails and camping sites have been developed and are open to the public.
150 acres on the south side of the Tyger River granted to John Irvin on September 26, 1766 (4).
1770 – Irvin conveyed the property to William Blackstock on August 8 (4).
1780 – A great Revolutionary War battle, the Battle of Blackstocks Plantation, was fought here on November 20. General Sumter defeated General Tarlton (2).
1974 – Canal Wood Corporation was owner of record (2).
William Blackstock is buried on the land.
Blackstock had a house and tobacco barn on the property (2).


text:
Delish, Devine and All Mine…. one book boyfriend at a time.
FALSE HOPE by Meli Raine: Release Blitz & Teasers
ONE KIND HEART by Christine Depetrillo: Release Blitz, Excerpt, Teasers & Giveaway
SLOW DANCING by Stylo Fantome: Release Blitz, Excerpt & Teasers
Title: One Kind Heart
Series: One Kind Deed Series #1
Author: Christine DePetrillo
Cover Design: Dar Albert of Wicked Smart Designs
Dakota Brenton spends his days leading thrill seekers on adventures through the woods of Maplehaven, Vermont. He's traveled all over the world on expeditions, but he always comes back home to the cozy town his ancestors founded. Dakota loves his free-spirit lifestyle. He comes and goes as he pleases, however, he can't help wanting more.
Leah Greenstead is the new fourth grade teacher at Maplehaven Elementary, a school built through a generous donation from Brenton Sawmill. Having abandoned New York City after a tragedy, Leah is doing her best to adjust to life in the quiet Vermont town. With any luck, she'll be able to leave her past behind, stick to her rules about not getting close to anyone, and preserve what little is left of her heart. She wants to believe the world is safe again, and if that means being alone, then so be it.
When Dakota meets Leah at a ceremony honoring his family's sawmill, he sees his next adventure. As Maplehaven's golden boy, he's surprised when Leah doesn't immediately accept his advances. He's never had to work this hard, but he has a feeling Leah Greenstead will be worth the effort.
Is one kind heart enough to change Leah's mind about love?
$25 Amazon eGift Card
26 oz. Village Candle in "Maple Butter" scent
7-piece, heart-shaped, healing stone set
(FIND IT HERE)
To bike or not to bike?
Without thinking too much, Leah slid the essays into her school bag, put together a thermos of green tea, slid on her comfy shoes with a black-eyed-Susan pattern, and left the cottage to walk the half mile to Brenton Lake Park. She claimed an empty bench under a big maple tree and spent a few minutes enjoying the view. The reds, oranges, and yellows around the lake's edge were more vibrant and plentiful. They reminded Leah of the New York autumn colors in Central Park where she'd liked to do exactly this—sit on a bench, correct papers, and enjoy being outdoors.
Of course, the nature in Vermont was much better than what she'd experienced in New York City. Everywhere she turned a breathtaking view greeted her. A beautiful, serene lake. Mountains rising up from the shores. Birch, pine, and maple trees standing tall and proud. Fields of wildflowers, although many dying now, promised to be gorgeous next summer. Wide open fields, neatly mowed or covered in cows lazily munching.
Yeah, she'd done the right thing in answering that job posting for a fourth grade teacher in Maplehaven. Her New York colleagues and friends had thought she was joking when she announced she'd be moving to Vermont, but this might be a place to heal. And even if it wasn't, at least the scenery was magnificent, and she'd always found comfort in the outdoors.
She settled in to correct the essays and enjoy the autumn evening. The assignment had been to write about your hero and the top paper was Luke Davidson's. In bold, block lettering, the boy had written ADVENTURES WITH A HERO. The first paragraph read: I'm going to tell you about a hero. Not a superhero who wears a funky suit or has a special power or fights bad guys. A hero that takes people on adventures instead. A hero that I want to be just like when I grow up.
Leah's throat grew tight and her eyes stung as she went on to read the rest of the essay. Luke provided example after example of things Dakota Brenton had done for him, his mom, Birch Peak Adventures customers, and the town in general. The entire piece read like a testimonial to how amazing Dakota was, and Leah had a feeling every word was true. She'd done her best not to think about Dakota over the past week, but if she were being honest, she hadn't succeeded. The man had made an impression—much like he'd made on Luke apparently—and she couldn't totally scrub him from her mind.
"I thought you stayed indoors."
Leah's head snapped up to find the subject of Luke's essay astride a bicycle in front of her, Ginger panting by his side. Man, did he always look like a male model? His legs somehow appeared longer in a pair of gray swishy workout pants, and another long-sleeved T-shirt showcased a fabulous torso and chest. He leaned forward with his hands still on the handlebars and all the muscles in his arms screamed out how fit he was. He wore a baseball hat with his Birch Peak Adventures logo on it, and though everything about his attire said causal, an intensity swirled about him. As if raw energy was barely contained beneath his flesh.
That energy called out to Leah.
"Leah?"
Ah, shit. She'd been staring, hadn't she? All that perusing of him had kept her from giving him a response. "Yeah, I do stay indoors," she said slowly, "except when I'm outdoors."
His chuckle stirred up something inside her, something that definitely should not be stirring.
"Maybe Vermont is working her magic on you. Changing you," he said.
"Do you always ride your bike over here?" she asked.
He chewed on his bottom lip for a moment and the movement mesmerized Leah. "If I say yes, does that mean I'll never find you on this bench again?"
Ouch. So he understood she was actively trying to avoid running into him. Not good. She didn't want to get involved with him, but she didn't want to come off as some rude city girl either.
"Never is a strong word," she said.
Christine DePetrillo can often be found hugging trees, conversing with dragonflies, and walking barefoot through sun-warmed soil. She finds joy in listening to the wind, bathing in moonlight, and breathing in the fragrances of things that bloom. If she had her way, the sky would be the only roof over her head.
Her love of nature seeps into every story she tells. As does her obsession with bearded mountain men who build, often smell like sawdust, and know how to cherish the women they love. Today she writes tales meant to make you laugh, maybe make you sweat, and definitely make you believe in the power of love.
She lives in Rhode Island and occasionally Vermont with her pack—a husband, a cat, and a big, black German Shepherd who defends her fiercely from all evils.
© 2023 Delish, Devine and All Mine.... one book boyfriend at a time.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Published by Nathalie Bonney on 18 October 2011.
Social media profiles were accessed without permission 60 million times last year in the UK, according to research from Capital One.
The popularity of social networks such as Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn has resulted in a new phenomenon quipped 'smugging', short for social media mugging. On average, nearly two profiles are 'smugged' per second in the UK.
"In the excitement of connecting with those around us, remembering to protect your online profile can often take a back seat, which can leave people open to smugging, or worse, identity theft," Woodburn warns.
A third of Britons admit they store important details, such as their address, friends' contact details and even their bank PIN codes, on their profiles. Woodburn recommends some simple precautions to protect these details: "Small actions like protecting your mobile with a password, using a password that is a combination of numbers and letters and regularly checking bank and credit card statements, can go a long way in helping people protect themselves against a smugging attack and identity theft."
Always log out of social media websites – even if on your home computer but especially on public machines at work, internet cafés or the library.
Don't use a password that relates to personal information, such as address, date of birth or PIN number – although easy to remember, you're giving away vital information to scammers.
Use a mixture of letters, numbers and upper and lower case in your passwords and use different passwords for different networks.
Limit the amount of personal details you display – for example, if you want to put your birthday on Facebook leave out the year you were born. Direct message important information on Twitter so not everyone can see it.
Set up a password for mobile phone access.


Julia of Luminous Lines & I joined together this Season to teach a 2-in-1 workshop at Oh, Hello Friend Shop, where students learned the fundamentals of brush calligraphy and I taught them the art of wreath making. We combined the two learned skills so that the students had a gorgeous banner to add to their holiday wreaths. Oh, Hello Friend was such a cozy setting for our workshop, as the store was all set for Christmas and they put out hot cocoa and Martinellis' for us to drink as we worked. A big THANK YOU to Heather Shane Photography for taking these gorgeous photos for us!


text:
Q: PHP - Soap error Estou com um problema com "SOAP" confesso que sou bem leigo, já dei uma olhada na internet e não consegui identificar onde esta o problema, será que alguém conseguiria dar uma força?
Assim esta o SOAP
<?
try {
    $wsdl = 'https://limeira.iibr.com.br/api/soap/homologacao_notafiscal.php?wsdl';
    $cliente = new SoapClient($wsdl);

    $funcao = 'GerarNfse';

    $argumento = array($funcao => array(
    'Rps' => '96',
    'Integridade' => '247ea05be6cf0a7348cdd239d91c90de93b2a6d220d004e1222fc0c35b8cdc5711aa2a080004ebc260cb4d084e255c51757b1c4d56625f532803a41135c2e886'
    ));
    echo ['InformacoesNfse'],['NumeroRps'],['SerieRps'],['Prestador'],['NumeroNfse'],['SerieNfse'],['CodigoVerificacao'],['LinkNfse'];
    $resultado = $cliente->__soapCall($funcao,$argumento);// array($funcao => $array_objeto),$cabecalho);
    //echo ['GerarNfseResposta'],['InformacoesNfse'];
} catch(Exception $erro) {
    echo $erro->getMessage();
}

Arquivo de envio
<?php
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', 'On');

    require "soap_envio_nfse.php";

        $token       = 'TLXX4JN38KXTRNSEAJYYEA==';//S1ZhMzNqOXRjT1RnakFTWHlvT0xtNENCQS9SNWwxUjRnQnRrbzlEOCs1dz0=';
        $tag         = '
        <GerarNfseEnvio xmlns="http://www.abrasf.org.br/nfse.xsd">
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                    <InfDeclaracaoPrestacaoServico Id="1">
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                          <Numero>96</Numero>
                          <Serie>85236</Serie>
                          <Tipo>1</Tipo>
                        </IdentificacaoRps>
                        <DataEmissao>2019-07-04</DataEmissao>
                        <Status>1</Status>
                      </Rps>
                      <Competencia>2019-07-04</Competencia>
                      <Servico>
                        <Valores>
                          <ValorServicos>2358.77</ValorServicos>
                          <ValorDeducoes>0</ValorDeducoes>
                          <ValorPis>0</ValorPis>
                          <ValorCofins>0</ValorCofins>
                          <ValorInss>0</ValorInss>
                          <ValorIr>0</ValorIr>
                          <ValorCsll>0</ValorCsll>
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                        <IssRetido>1</IssRetido>
                        <ResponsavelRetencao>1</ResponsavelRetencao>
                        <ItemListaServico>07.02</ItemListaServico>
                        <CodigoTributacaoMunicipio>233030500</CodigoTributacaoMunicipio>
                        <Discriminacao>TESTANDO RPS DISCRIMINAÇÃO</Discriminacao>
                        <CodigoMunicipio>3526902</CodigoMunicipio>
                      </Servico>
                      <Prestador>
                        <CpfCnpj>
                          <Cnpj>88888888888888</Cnpj>
                        </CpfCnpj>
                        <InscricaoMunicipal>123456</InscricaoMunicipal>
                      </Prestador>
                      <TomadorServico>
                        <IdentificacaoTomador>
                          <CpfCnpj>
                            <Cnpj>55555555555555</Cnpj>
                          </CpfCnpj>
                        </IdentificacaoTomador>
                        <RazaoSocial>Dorotheo</RazaoSocial>
                        <Endereco>
                          <Endereco>Rua Japão</Endereco>
                          <Numero>2</Numero>
                          <Complemento>TESTE RPS</Complemento>
                          <Bairro>Jaragua</Bairro>
                          <CodigoMunicipio>3550704</CodigoMunicipio>
                          <Uf>SP</Uf>
                          <Cep>11600318</Cep>
                        </Endereco>
                        <Contato>
                          <Telefone>12345678901</Telefone>
                          <Email>teste@teste.com</Email>
                        </Contato>
                        <AtualizaTomador>2</AtualizaTomador>
                        <TomadorExterior>2</TomadorExterior>
                      </TomadorServico>
                      <InformacoesComplementares>TESTANDO RPS</InformacoesComplementares>
                    </InfDeclaracaoPrestacaoServico>
                </Rps>
                <Integridade>247ea05be6cf0a7348cdd239d91c90de93b2a6d220d004e1222fc0c35b8cdc5711aa2a080004ebc260cb4d084e255c51757b1c4d56625f532803a41135c2e886</Integridade>
            </GerarNfseEnvio>';

        $tag = preg_replace('/[^\x20-\x7E]+/','',$tag);
        $tag = preg_replace('/[ ]+/','',$tag);

        $integridade = hash('sha512',$tag.$token);

        $xml=$integridade->GerarNfse();
        echo $xml;

        file_put_contents('xml/nfse_teste_01.xml',$xml);

Arquivo WSDL
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<wsdl:definitions xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:ws="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" name="nfse" targetNamespace="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br">
  <wsdl:types>
    <xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br">
        <xsd:complexType name="input">
            <xsd:sequence>
                <xsd:element name="nfseCabecMsg" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
                <xsd:element name="nfseDadosMsg" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
            </xsd:sequence>
        </xsd:complexType>
        <xsd:complexType name="output">
            <xsd:sequence>
                <xsd:element name="outputXML" type="xsd:string" />
            </xsd:sequence>
        </xsd:complexType>
        <xsd:element name="CancelarNfseRequest" type="ws:input" />
        <xsd:element name="CancelarNfseResponse" type="ws:output" />
        <xsd:element name="ConsultarLoteRpsRequest" type="ws:input" />
        <xsd:element name="ConsultarLoteRpsResponse" type="ws:output" />
        <xsd:element name="ConsultarNfseServicoPrestadoRequest" type="ws:input" />
        <xsd:element name="ConsultarNfseServicoPrestadoResponse" type="ws:output" />
        <xsd:element name="ConsultarNfseServicoTomadoRequest" type="ws:input" />
        <xsd:element name="ConsultarNfseServicoTomadoResponse" type="ws:output" />
        <xsd:element name="ConsultarNfsePorFaixaRequest" type="ws:input" />
        <xsd:element name="ConsultarNfsePorFaixaResponse" type="ws:output" />
        <xsd:element name="ConsultarNfsePorRpsRequest" type="ws:input" />
        <xsd:element name="ConsultarNfsePorRpsResponse" type="ws:output" />
        <xsd:element name="RecepcionarLoteRpsRequest" type="ws:input" />
        <xsd:element name="RecepcionarLoteRpsResponse" type="ws:output" />
        <xsd:element name="GerarNfseRequest" type="ws:input" />
        <xsd:element name="GerarNfseResponse" type="ws:output" />
        <xsd:element name="SubstituirNfseRequest" type="ws:input" />
        <xsd:element name="SubstituirNfseResponse" type="ws:output" />
        <xsd:element name="RecepcionarLoteRpsSincronoRequest" type="ws:input" />
        <xsd:element name="RecepcionarLoteRpsSincronoResponse" type="ws:output" />
    </xsd:schema>
  </wsdl:types>
  <wsdl:message name="CancelarNfseRequest"><wsdl:part element="ws:CancelarNfseRequest" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="CancelarNfseResponse"><wsdl:part element="ws:CancelarNfseResponse" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="ConsultarLoteRpsRequest"><wsdl:part element="ws:ConsultarLoteRpsRequest" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="ConsultarLoteRpsResponse"><wsdl:part element="ws:ConsultarLoteRpsResponse" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="ConsultarNfseServicoPrestadoRequest"><wsdl:part element="ws:ConsultarNfseServicoPrestadoRequest" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="ConsultarNfseServicoPrestadoResponse"><wsdl:part element="ws:ConsultarNfseServicoPrestadoResponse" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="ConsultarNfseServicoTomadoRequest"><wsdl:part element="ws:ConsultarNfseServicoTomadoRequest" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="ConsultarNfseServicoTomadoResponse"><wsdl:part element="ws:ConsultarNfseServicoTomadoResponse" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="ConsultarNfsePorFaixaRequest"><wsdl:part element="ws:ConsultarNfsePorFaixaRequest" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="ConsultarNfsePorFaixaResponse"><wsdl:part element="ws:ConsultarNfsePorFaixaResponse" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="ConsultarNfsePorRpsRequest"><wsdl:part element="ws:ConsultarNfsePorRpsRequest" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="ConsultarNfsePorRpsResponse"><wsdl:part element="ws:ConsultarNfsePorRpsResponse" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="RecepcionarLoteRpsRequest"><wsdl:part element="ws:RecepcionarLoteRpsRequest" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="RecepcionarLoteRpsResponse"><wsdl:part element="ws:RecepcionarLoteRpsResponse" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="GerarNfseRequest"><wsdl:part element="ws:GerarNfseRequest" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="GerarNfseResponse"><wsdl:part element="ws:GerarNfseResponse" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="SubstituirNfseRequest"><wsdl:part element="ws:SubstituirNfseRequest" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="SubstituirNfseResponse"><wsdl:part element="ws:SubstituirNfseResponse" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="RecepcionarLoteRpsSincronoRequest"><wsdl:part element="ws:RecepcionarLoteRpsSincronoRequest" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="RecepcionarLoteRpsSincronoResponse"><wsdl:part element="ws:RecepcionarLoteRpsSincronoResponse" name="parameters"/></wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:portType name="nfse">
    <wsdl:operation name="CancelarNfse">
      <wsdl:input message="ws:CancelarNfseRequest"/>
      <wsdl:output message="ws:CancelarNfseResponse"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="ConsultarLoteRps">
      <wsdl:input message="ws:ConsultarLoteRpsRequest"/>
      <wsdl:output message="ws:ConsultarLoteRpsResponse"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="ConsultarNfseServicoPrestado">
      <wsdl:input message="ws:ConsultarNfseServicoPrestadoRequest"/>
      <wsdl:output message="ws:ConsultarNfseServicoPrestadoResponse"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="ConsultarNfseServicoTomado">
      <wsdl:input message="ws:ConsultarNfseServicoTomadoRequest"/>
      <wsdl:output message="ws:ConsultarNfseServicoTomadoResponse"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="ConsultarNfsePorFaixa">
      <wsdl:input message="ws:ConsultarNfsePorFaixaRequest"/>
      <wsdl:output message="ws:ConsultarNfsePorFaixaResponse"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="ConsultarNfsePorRps">
      <wsdl:input message="ws:ConsultarNfsePorRpsRequest"/>
      <wsdl:output message="ws:ConsultarNfsePorRpsResponse"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="RecepcionarLoteRps">
      <wsdl:input message="ws:RecepcionarLoteRpsRequest"/>
      <wsdl:output message="ws:RecepcionarLoteRpsResponse"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="GerarNfse">
      <wsdl:input message="ws:GerarNfseRequest"/>
      <wsdl:output message="ws:GerarNfseResponse"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="SubstituirNfse">
      <wsdl:input message="ws:SubstituirNfseRequest"/>
      <wsdl:output message="ws:SubstituirNfseResponse"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="RecepcionarLoteRpsSincrono">
      <wsdl:input message="ws:RecepcionarLoteRpsSincronoRequest"/>
      <wsdl:output message="ws:RecepcionarLoteRpsSincronoResponse"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
  </wsdl:portType>

  <wsdl:binding name="nfseSOAP" type="ws:nfse">
    <soap:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
    <wsdl:operation name="CancelarNfse">
      <soap:operation soapAction="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br/CancelarNfse"/>
      <wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="ConsultarLoteRps">
      <soap:operation soapAction="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br/ConsultarLoteRps"/>
      <wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="ConsultarNfseServicoPrestado">
      <soap:operation soapAction="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br/ConsultarNfseServicoPrestado"/>
      <wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="ConsultarNfseServicoTomado">
      <soap:operation soapAction="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br/ConsultarNfseServicoTomado"/>
      <wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="ConsultarNfsePorFaixa">
      <soap:operation soapAction="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br/ConsultarNfsePorFaixa"/>
      <wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="ConsultarNfsePorRps">
      <soap:operation soapAction="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br/ConsultarNfsePorRps"/>
      <wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
    <wsdl:operation name="RecepcionarLoteRps">
      <soap:operation soapAction="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br/RecepcionarLoteRps"/>
      <wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
   <wsdl:operation name="GerarNfse">
      <soap:operation soapAction="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br/GerarNfse"/>
      <wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
   <wsdl:operation name="SubstituirNfse">
      <soap:operation soapAction="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br/SubstituirNfse"/>
      <wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
   <wsdl:operation name="RecepcionarLoteRpsSincrono">
      <soap:operation soapAction="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br/RecepcionarLoteRpsSincrono"/>
      <wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output>
   </wsdl:operation>
  </wsdl:binding>
  <wsdl:service name="NfseWSService">
    <wsdl:port binding="ws:nfseSOAP" name="nfseSOAP">
      <soap:address location="https://limeira.iibr.com.br/api/soap/notafiscal.php"/>
    </wsdl:port>
  </wsdl:service>
</wsdl:definitions>

Erro que é retornado
ArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArraySOAP-ERROR: Encoding: object has no 'nfseCabecMsg' property
Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Call to a member function GerarNfse() on string in /var/www/html/erp/NFSE/enviar_nfse.php:87 Stack trace: #0 {main} thrown in /var/www/html/erp/NFSE/enviar_nfse.php on line 87

A: O erro diz está faltando o campo nfseCabecMsg
O XML de envio tem que ser neste formato
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:nfse="http://nfse.abrasf.org.br">
   <soapenv:Header/>
   <soapenv:Body>
      <nfse:GerarNfseRequest>
         <nfseCabecMsg>?</nfseCabecMsg>
         <nfseDadosMsg></nfseDadosMsg>
      </nfse:GerarNfseRequest>
   </soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

Uma dica, use o SOAPUI para importar o WSDL e ver as requisições e serviços disponíveis para este webservice
https://www.devmedia.com.br/soapui-testes-de-web-services-rapido-e-descomplicado/37461

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Where is the Ransom Canyon City Hall located?
You may make a request for public information in writing to: Public Information Request Ransom Canyon City Hall 24 Lee Kitchens Drive Ransom Canyon, TX 79366 Or, via email to Elena Quintanilla at the following address: ransomcanyon@sptc.net.
The Lubbock Central Appraisal District (LCAD) appraises and collects the taxes for the Town of Ransom Canyon, the school districts, Lubbock County, the hospital and the water district. You will receive a notice of appraised value from LCAD about the third week of May and the bills will be mailed out on October 1st. All tax payments should be mailed to LCAD. LCAD (Lubbock Central Appraisal District) is located at 2109 Avenue Q, Lubbock, Texas and their telephone number is 806-762-5000. The Ransom Canyon total tax rate is $.65929 per $100 valuation.
During early voting: you may vote anywhere in Lubbock County where early voting booths are set up.
Where does the City of Ransom Canyon get water?
Ransom Canyon buys water from the City of Lubbock. Click for the water quality report by the City of Lubbock, Tx.
Are private water wells allowed?
May I pump water from the lake to water my yard?
The lake is under the jurisdiction of the City of Ransom Canyon. Pumping water is prohibited by Ordinance # 179.
What are the building code requirements?
Property owners must obtain a city permit for any new construction. This includes such construction as adding a patio or having a new roof installed. New construction that changes gradients and/or the look of you home must be approved by the to Building Review Committee before a permit is issued. For more information and details, please call City Hall.
Garbage is collected twice per week on Tuesday & Friday.
Can anyone use the lake and does my boat need to be registered?
Ransom Canyon Lake may be used by property owners or their guests.
All watercraft are required to be registered for use on the lake. To register you watercraft, please call the Police Department at 829-2600.
The Texas Water Safety Act, the Texas Penal Code, the Texas Alcoholic Beverage Code,the Texas Parks and Wildlife Game and Fishing Laws, and all other applicable Texas laws shall apply to boating operations and sporting activities on Lake Ransom Canyon, unless further restricted by ordinances. Click here for more information on ordinances governing the use of the lake.
What school district is Ransom Canyon located?
Ransom Canyon actually is in two school districts, Roosevelt ISD & Slaton ISD.
What is the Propery Owner's Association?
This association is made up of all Ransom Canyon lot owners. Members are required to pay a yearly $60 membership fee.
How can I rent the Ranch House and/or the Pool on the Party Island?
The pool is open to Canyon residents during the summer.
Where is the Ransom Canyon Library?
The library is located just east of City Hall, beside the water house, on the road to the RV park. Library winter hours are 2:30 to 6:00 Tuesday/Thursday, and 10:00 - 2:00 on Saturday.
What about the Christmas Open House?
The Chapel holds an annual Christmas Open House in the canyon. Five to six residents open up their home for public tours during this event. For information, visit the Chapel Website at www.ransomcanyonchapel.com.
This is a very busy time for the canyon roads. With such a unique and pretty setting, the Canyon always dresses up for Christmas and our streets are filled nightly with everything from passenger cars, trolleys and buses. If you have parties during the Christmas season, please have your guests park on the same side of the street to avoid congestion. Please turn your Christmas lights off at 11 p.m.
How do I rent the Chapel?


text:
American Leadership Academy – Queen Creek senior quarterback Drew Cowart has led the Patriots to the No. 7 ranking in the Open Division and the only 5A team to make the elite eight. (Andy Silvas/Contributor)
East Valley, Scottsdale teams ready for the Open Division
By Zach Alvira Sports Editor
It's been widely regarded by national media outlet MaxPreps as one of the top football postseason tournaments in the county.
Arizona's Open Division has had its critics in the past, especially those who believe it may no longer be needed with some of the top programs in the state all at the 6A level. But it's remained intact, and the Arizona Interscholastic Association has said it will continue to be.
What that brings to Arizona high school football coaches, players and fans is a new level of excitement on Nov. 25. The best against the best. And the East Valley and Scottsdale is yet again well represented.
No. 2 Basha vs No. 8 American Leadership Academy – Queen Creek
Basha locked up the No. 2 seed in the tournament after taking down Hamilton and Chandler in consecutive weeks, a first for the Bears in their history. At the time, both programs were nationally ranked – Chandler as high as No. 9 in the country.
It was two of four nationally ranked opponents Basha faced this year. The Bears beat California's Los Alamitos, which featured two of the top players in the country, to start the season and fell to Liberty out of Peoria, the No. 1 team entering the Open Division playoffs.
The loss to Liberty came before wins over Hamilton, Chandler, Casteel and Perry to close out the season. Simply put, it helped Basha reset.
"Liberty got us last night and it definitely set off the fire to get ready to face Hamilton and Chandler," Basha assistant coach Blake Silberschlag said. "The mindset is ALA – Queen Creek is up first. They score a lot of points, and they have a lot of really talented kids. They're going to get our best shot and we're going to get their best shot. We'll see what happens from there."
Like all other Open Division teams, Basha used the week off before the postseason to recover and prepare for American Leadership Academy – Queen Creek, the only 5A team to make it in the elite eight.
Key matchups will include Basha's talented secondary featuring Oregon commit Cole Martin and another star on the other side in Miles Lockhart against ALA wideouts Ryan Meza, Jayden Williams and athlete Bubba Agne – who splits time at running back with Mitch Jensen.
The Patriots made a big jump to get into the Open Division. They were behind both Sandra Day O'Connor, the No. 8 seed, and Highland, a team most wanted to see in. But ALA got the nod, and head coach Ty Detmer said his players are up for the challenge yet again.
ALA made the Open Division last year at the same position dan faced Hamilton. The Patriots played the Huskies close for a half before a lack of depth got the best of them.
They feel they're better off this season, but it comes against an opponent that yet again features one of the top quarterbacks in the country in junior Demond Williams. Basha's high-powered offense with Deshaun Buchanan at running back and Bryson Dedmon at wideout, among others, will challenge the Patriots.
But this ALA team is one that has scored over 40 points in all but one game this season with Drew Cowart leading the way at quarterback. They have fire power, too.
"We're gelling at the right time," Detmer said. "This group hangs in there, they play hard together and they trust each other. I'm really proud of the effort they've been able to give week in and week out.
"We're the type of team that can give some teams problems because our coordinators are really good and we've got 26 seniors that have a lot of maturity and experience. It's a great group."
No. 3 Chandler vs No. 6 Centennial
One of the surprises of the Open Division was Chandler remaining at No. 3 over No. 4 Hamilton, which beat the Wolves in the final game of the regular season two weeks ago.
But Chandler coach Rick Garretson said he and his team have put that behind them. They know what they're capable of, and they have the talent to make it happen.
"I've always thought that if we play our A-game, I like our chances," Garretson said. "We didn't play our A-game the other night on offense. We didn't play our A-game against Basha. It's time to gear it up."
Chandler will open the postseason against Centennial, a scrappy team that has once again become a power out of the West Valley. Garretson knows they have a strong defense and offense that, if given the opportunity, can pour on the points.
The Wolves, just like they did entering the season, feel overlooked. They've heard the critics say they're not as strong as they used to be. They have heard early predictions from some that say Centennial will pull off the upset.
But that doesn't matter to them. They have confidence in junior quarterback Dylan Raiola. They have confidence in sophomore running back Xavier Valdivia, who may once again lead the backfield with junior Ca'lil Valentine injured. And they know they're defense is still one of the best in the country.
"Our defense played very well both of those games," Garretson said of his team's two losses. "We prep hard. Our kids prep hard. Our coaches prep hard. You do everything you can as far as preparation and let the chips fall where they may."
No. 4 Hamilton vs No. 5 Saguaro
Perhaps one of the best matchups of the four is Hamilton hosting Saguaro. The two have become rivals in recent years, meeting in the semifinals of the Open Division in 2019, a nationally televised game in 2020 and last year again in the semifinals.
The Sabercats upset the Huskies last season, but both teams know they've reloaded since then.
The Sabercats enter as the No. 5 seed after losing three games in the regular season. They felt counted out. They felt overlooked. They set out to prove themselves and have played a good brand of football since adopting the mindset that playoffs started for them early in the regular season.
"We knew if we wanted to get in, we had to win after that Liberty game," Saguaro coach Jason Mohns said. "The biggest thing early on we were struggling with was execution. We watch film and we walk away knowing we are right there. It forced us to have way more urgency and to show up and execute."
Devon Dampier has once again proven himself at quarterback, and the duo of Jaedon Matthews and Zaccheus Cooper at running back with him have complimented his game. Saguaro has once again dealt with injuries, but it still managed to win out and secure the Open Division spot.
But in comes a Hamilton team fresh off a win over rival Chandler. The Huskies also felt disrespected that Chandler remained ahead of them in the rankings. But now they've put that behind them.
Quarterback Beckham Pellant has been electric since taking over for the injured Roch Cholowsky. He almost led Hamilton to a win over Basha and orchestrated a game-winning drive against the Wolves. He's ready for the spotlight, and so are all the players around him.
"For us, it's getting ready for the next game but with that, somebody's season is going to end," Hamilton coach Mike Zdebski said. "They've ended our season the last two out of three. At some point, we need to fix that, correct that and get over that hump. We need to play a complete game.
"We need to win this game."
The winner of Hamilton-Saguaro will face the winner of No. 1 Liberty vs No. 8 Sandra Day O'Connor. The Open Division playoffs kickoff Friday at 7 p.m.
Open Division
Arizona Open Division
Open Division Football
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text:
HCL IN ASSOCIATION WITH GGITS LAUNCHES INDUSTRY INTERFACE PROGRAM IN JABALPUR
, Jabalpur
HCL Infosystems Limited, India's premier information enabler and country's leading ICT System Integrator and Distribution Company today announced an alliance with Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology in Jabalpur, under its latest initiative to create highly skilled IT professionals across the country. Under the alliance, GGITS students across academic streams will be offered special career programs from HCL in IT hardware, software, middleware and networking. Mr. D.C. Jain, Chairman, Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology formally inaugurated the Industry Interface Program at Jabalpur, today. Dr. Manish Chaubey, Director, GGITS graced the occasion as the chief guest and Dr. S.N. Paul Khurana, Vice-chancellor, Rani Durgawati Vishwavidhyalaya, Jabalpur was the guest of honor at the function.
This industry interface program has been launched by India's pioneering ICT Company HCL, an initiative to bridge the gap between the demand and supply of industry-ready ICT professionals by creating a skilled workforce and making them available to organizations deploying ICT.
Announcing the association, Mr. STM Eswar, Associate Vice-President, HCL Infosystems Limited said, "HCL's industry interface courses have been designed to transform young students into industry-ready professionals and also prepares them to take on the ICT industry challenges head on. We are glad to offer the same courses to the students of the prestigious Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology and Science, which will prepare them for a rewarding career in the IT industry."
GGITS will provide the necessary infrastructure for the courses with recommendations from HCL. Qualifying students at the end of curriculum will be awarded a certificate from HCL.
Present on the occasion, Mr. D.C. Jain, Chairman, Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology said, "The stunning growth of ICT industry over the years has made it the most desired career destination for today's students. We are therefore glad to partner with HCL Infosystems in offering our students the education that would jumpstart their career in IT. We are also certain that our students will certainly benefit from the specialized courses, faculty and pedagogy that assimilate over thirty years of expertise of HCL Infosystems, India's ICT industry pioneers."
HCL is the largest IT Company in India that is focused exclusively on providing a comprehensive range of ICT products, solutions and services to the customers in the domestic market. The company has the largest support and service network in India with 3,000+ professionals, all of who have been trained by the company in system and networking integration.
HCL Infosystems Ltd, with revenue (TTM) of US $ 2.9 Bn (Rs. 12,162 crores) is India's premier information enabling and ICT System Integration company offering a wide spectrum of ICT products that includes Computing, Storage, Networking, Security, Telecom, Imaging and Retail. HCL is a one-stop-shop for all the ICT requirements of an organization.
India's leading System Integration and Infrastructure Management Services Organization, HCL has specialized expertise across verticals including Telecom, BFSI, E-Governance & Power.
HCL has India's largest distribution and retail network, taking to market a range of Digital Lifestyle products in partnership with leading global ICT brands, including Nokia, Apple, Casio, Kodak, Toshiba, Bull, Ericsson, Cisco, Microsoft, Konica Minolta and many more.
HCL today has India's largest vertically integrated computer manufacturing facility with over three decades of electronic manufacturing experience HCL desktops is the largest selling brand into the enterprise space.
With India's largest ICT services network that reaches to every corner of India, HCL's award winning Support Services makes it the preferred choice of enterprise and consumers alike. For more information please visit us at www.hclinfosystems.in
About HCL Enterprise
HCL Enterprise is a leading global technology and IT enterprise with revenues (TTM) of US $ 4.4 Bn (Rs. 18525 crores). The HCL Enterprise comprises two companies listed in India – HCL Technologies & HCL Infosystems. The 3-decade-old enterprise, founded in 1976, is India's original IT garage start-up. Its range of offerings span Product Engineering, Technology and Application Services, BPO, Infrastructure Services, IT Hardware, Systems Integration, and distribution of ICT products. The HCL team comprises over 51,000 professionals of diverse nationalities, who operate from 18 countries including 360 points of presence in India. HCL has global partnerships with several leading Fortune 1000 firms, including leading IT and Technology firms. For more information please visit www.hcl.in


text:
RSD 2020 Drop 1 - August
RSD 2020 Drop 2 - September
RSD 2020 Drop 3 - October
Music DVD / Blu-Ray
Joe Matera - Louder Than Words
Third Studio Album on Compact Disc
Features / Tracks
Louder Than Words is the third studio album by Australian singer songwriter Joe Matera, released in July 2015 via W.A.R. Productions.
Joe Matera is an Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist and rock journalist. In addition to a solo career, Matera is the guitarist in the Sweden-based rock band Rough Rockers, and was formerly the lead guitarist of Australian famous pop rock band Geisha between 2007 and 2010. Before joining Geisha, Matera was the lead guitarist of classic rock band Double Vision, from 2003 to 2008. He's currently working as a solo artist, releasing solo instrumental albums and contributing guitar on various recordings around the world.
Matera is also a well known as a rock journalist, publishing over 600 articles between 1999 and 2011. He has interviewed bands and celebrities including Aerosmith, Metallica, Foo Fighters, Kiss, Queen, Iron Maiden, Bon Jovi and Black Sabbath. Matera's work has appeared in many magazines such as Classic Rock, Guitar & Bass, Metal Hammer, Total Guitar.
This is an album review written by Mick Middles:
For Australian rocker Joe Matera, 'Louder Than Words', makes it clear from the outset that he has moved on both musically and lyrically. Words have now gathered and drifted in top position on half of the songs, now carrying darker, headier themes that seem fittingly in sync with the times we find ourselves living through.
Take Joe's brief and precocious opener, 'Intro 1V'. Just a morsel, really, but one that offers hints of Nine Inch Nails and elements of Germanic angst. Not a strain that has featured too heavily in Joe's previous outings.
The darkness floods through the preceding single and title song. Thumping slowly through a rhythmic, a song of self-analysis, ironically suggesting that images, symbols and, I guess, sounds can speak louder to the soul that words. Within the context of this album, with its array of lyrical themes, a lovely juxtaposition.
Throughout the nine tracks, there remains one constant. I refer to my opening statement. Today's Joe Matera sound is a gargantuan, grey, rolling tank, softened beautifully by the cushion of production. On top of this gentle darkness sit both lyrics and melodies that, in place, evoke the most unlikely genres. Take 'Movin' On', slotting neatly in place here is a most unexpected hint of '80s pop...that bright, brash, courageously unpretentious glare that gave us such glorious lightness. A song that, indeed, flits between the black and the white.
And that is the key to the entire album, really. A truly unexpected place where eclecticism marries traditional tendencies. In an age when simplistic genre template artists remain depressingly in place, here is an album of the guitar, the voice and other machines.
This album is released on compact disc housed in a digipak case, pressed in Australia via W.A.R. Productions.
Intro IV
Feel Your Love
Louder Than Words (Acoustic)
Record Label W.A.R. Productions
Label / Model # Independent
Catalogue Number WAR100
Country AU - Australia
Release Date (Year) 01 July 2015
Original Release Date (Year) 01 July 2015
Barcode # 10519
Format Third Studio Album, Compact Disc, CD, Digipak
Genre Rock & Popular
Help other Captain Stomp Records users shop smarter by writing reviews for products you have purchased.
Joe Matera - Waiting For The Sun
Joe Matera - Creature Of Habit
Hannah Schmidli - Modern Martyr
Hannah Schmidli - Someone Else
AC/DC - Rock Or Bust
Adele - 25
Alex Smith - The Thread
Archie Roach - Looking For Butter Boy
Archie Roach - The Definitive Collection
Black Sabbath - Never Say Die!
Black Sabbath - Sabbath Bloody Sabbath
Black Sabbath - Sabotage
Copyright © 2014 Captain Stomp Records
Address: 46 Forest Road, Ferntree Gully, Vic, 3156


We installed 2 x spheres for our ongoing customer In2Events for Epson at the Excel in London, one of the spheres was internally lit with LED lights to draw more attention to the stand.
The hot air balloon was also installed for the same event but was for a different end customer on another stand, we think it looks great and is very eye catching.
Another great install by our trained operators!


In the six-month April -September mini budget this year, earnings from export of cut-make-pack (CMP) garments in Myanmar was around $2.2 billion, which was around $1 billion more than the figure in the same period last year, according to the commerce ministry. The European Union (EU) had doubled its order for Myanmar's CMP garments this year.
The EU order was worth about $90 million last year compared to $180 million this year, said Khaing Khaing Nwe, secretary of Myanmar Garment Entrepreneurs Association.
Unless there are changes in EU-Myanmar relations, good potential for garment market will continue, a report in a Myanmarese English-language daily quoted her as saying.


100 complex SQL challenges, advanced techniques and solutions.
This book was written based on a decade of experience working with databases, and contains 100 complex SQL problems with which users have faced. The book is intended to give its readers an in-depth understanding of the SQL language, and also provides an excellent preparation for technical SQL interviews.
Check out the online version !
During the last decade, at the end of each SQL course I delivered, I received emails with challenging SQL problems from students.
Some of them raised very interesting questions about the subjects I taught, some of them had an interview in which they were asked questions they did not know how to deal with, and others encountered complex problems in their workplace.
At the same time, during my years working as a DBA, I often encountered interesting challenges related to the SQL language, and as an orderly person, always kept everything documented.
Over the years, the amount of materials I collected has piled up, until I made the decision to bind all the materials together and create a book. After six months of hard work, I finished writing my book: Advanced SQL – practical problems and use-cases.
The book contains 352 pages, describes 100 complex SQL problems, and presents special techniques that can be used in order to solve these challenges.
This book is available in an online version – which gives you a full and immediate access to all of its contents, as well as a hard-copy version. More details can be found on the Purchase tab.
This book is intended primarily for database administrators, code writers, BI developers, QA professionals, analysts and other professionals who are responsible for writing SQL queries. This book also serves as an excellent preparation for technical job interviews in SQL.
What you will achieve by reading this book ?
By reading this book, you will learn how to deal with the complex SQL problems of the real world. The book will teach you "hands-on" advanced SQL, based on real experience of different users. This book is all about engaging your brain and enhancing your understanding by getting your hands dirty.
What technical subjects this book covers ?
The techniques presented in this book are written using the SQL Server syntax.
Ram Kedem is a well-known Israeli Database Administrator with a decade of experience working with different platforms such as MySQL, Oracle and MSSQL.
During the last ten years, Ram has delivered many courses in the Database field, and taught thousands of people, in Israel and around the globe. Here you can find more details about him.
Printed version – Hard copy, 265-page book which presents 100 different SQL problems and techniques that can be solved.
Cost – 87 USD, including postage. Payment is made via PayPal.
You are welcome to explore the free section of the online version to evaluate the technical level of this book.
Online version – includes the same contents of the printed version.
Cost – 10.99 USD. Payment is made via PayPal.
The online version is supported by all devices (tablet, laptop, or mobile device), and allowing instant and unlimited access to the book contents.


text:
Q: getting data from postgres to php to html (with ajax) I am using ajax to call a php script which gets data from my postgres DB.
In php, my code is:
$sql = "select * from processWebRequest($1)";
$res = pg_prepare($dbconn, "interaction_insert_query", $sql);
$res = pg_execute($dbconn, "interaction_insert_query", array($req));
$myarray = array();
while ($row = pg_fetch_assoc( $res )/*pg_fetch_row($contests)*/) {
  $myarray[] = $row;
}
header('Content-Type: application/json');
echo json_encode($myarray);//

The problem is that back in ajax
$.ajax({
    url: "../php/recordInteraction.php",
    type: 'GET',
    data : pObject,
    dataType: 'json',
    success: function(response,textStatus,jqXHR){

The response variable seems to hold more and more data.  I know each query returns at most two rows, but when I load the file in the debugger the response variable is an array with 25 rows.
Seems like I need to flush something, I just have no idea what.
Can someone help?  Thanks.

A: Call your endpoint directly and debug your database query to see the results you get. It appears you're getting back 25 rows.
while ($row = pg_fetch_assoc( $res )/*pg_fetch_row($contests)*/) {
var_dump( $row );
  $myarray[] = $row;
}

OR
while ($row = pg_fetch_assoc( $res )/*pg_fetch_row($contests)*/) {
    $myarray[] = $row;
}
var_dump( $myarray );
die;