Your car can lug home your groceries or propel you across the country to enjoy new vistas with old friends. But it can also leave you stranded in the middle of nowhere or worse, injured and trapped in a tangle of glass and steel. There's no shame in calling for help to get you out of a bind. But, with the right hardware stashed away in your glovebox and trunk, you could save yourself the expense of a roadside assistance call, or even rescue yourself or another motorist.
Not sure of where to start? We've got your back. We spent days testing these 11 pieces of hardware and found them be not only reliable, but easy to use.
These LED flares help to create a safe area for you to work at the side of the road.
Road flares are great for ensuring that you get the amount of visibility you need to stay safe at the side of the road. But when you light up a single-use magnesium flare, you're throwing away money and risking your eyebrows. After testing them against OG magnesium flares, we found Wagan's reusable EL2639 LED flares are a smarter option. They're bright, rugged, and waterproof, and they can run for up to 38 hours off of three AAA batteries. You can buy them individually or in a pack of three.
These gloves provide ample protection from sharp objects, but still allow your hands to stay nimble.
Changing a flat or, should it come to it, breaking a car window to escape to safety, won't do your delicate meathooks any favors. A pair of Mechanic Original CR5A3 Cut Resistant Gloves will help keep you from denting your digits. The palms and fingers of the gloves are lined with Armortex—a cut-resistant material that'll keep you safe from most sharp surfaces. Despite the protection they afford, we found that these gloves still offer the dexterity you'll need in order to repair your vehicle or extricate yourself and others from a wreck. Plus, their high visibility color pattern will help other drivers to see you while you're working at the side of the road.
The Nite Ize STS Headlamp can run off its rechargeable battery pack or off-the-shelf alkaline batteries.
Chances are, if you've got a roadside emergency to contend with, you'll want both hands free. Keeping a good headlamp in your glovebox is the ideal solution. The Nite Ize STS Headlamp's bright white LED light (or red, if you're into preserving your night vision,) is bright enough to illuminate almost any task. And, as it can run off the included rechargeable battery pack or 3 AAA batteries, it's easy to keep juiced up and ready to go.
No cell phone coverage? No problem: The GEN3 uses satellites to communicate.
If you run into car trouble in an area without cellphone coverage, the SPOT GEN3 GPS Messenger (service plan required) could save your bacon.
For as little as an additional $30 per year above the cost of the GEN3's base service plan, you'll gain access to SPOT's Save Our Vehicle (S.O.V.) roadside assistance plan. Simply step out of your vehicle and push a button on the GEN3 and the device will communicate with a network of satellites to bring local help rescue.
Subscribers are rewarded well for their investment: up to five free tows per year, assistance in getting your ride out of the ditch and back on the road, emergency tire and battery service, delivery of oil or gas, and help if you locked yourself out of your car. Did we mention that you can also use the Messenger to let your family know you're OK or call for help when you're on a hike in the woods? Because it can totally do that too.
I've owned and carried one of these for over a year now and have never regretted the investment.
If you've got a battery that needs a jumpstart, the GB150 can likely handle the job.
The NOCO GB150 is a 4,000-amp lithium-ion battery that will jumpstart anything from a Pinto to a Peterbilt, up to as large as a 10-liter gas or diesel engine—that covers pretty much every car on the road.
It boasts spark-proof connectors and reverse polarity protection, a 500-lumen work light, and USB charging capabilities. There's also a voltmeter to help you to understand whether your battery is the cause of your car troubles or if calling for professional help is the way to go. All this in a package about the same size as a lunchbox.
You can buy smaller NOCO batteries, but we feel having a high-capacity battery is the way to go—if you buy a larger vehicle, RV, or even a boat, you'll have the hardware on hand you need to jump its battery back to life.
Seal and inflate a damaged tire without a jack? Yes please.
No one wants to change a flat tire at the side of the road (except maybe a tow truck driver.) The 12-volt powered Fix-A-Flat Ultimate makes doing it a thing of the past. Connect it to a flat tire's valve stem and within seconds the tire will begin to fill with chemical sealing agent to temporarily mend your tire and air to re-inflate it. In under 10 minutes, you'll be back on the road and on your way to a service station.
Flipping a button instead of messing with a jack and spare? What's not to love about that?
Small, but mighty, the Resqme can break you or others out of a bad automotive situation.
If you've been in a car accident, you're already having a bad day. Don't let it get worse by having no choice but to stay trapped inside of your vehicle until help arrives. The Resqme, made by the company of the same name, is small enough to keep on your keychain and useful enough to earn its place there. It comes with a blade designed to safely slash through a nylon seatbelt without harming you or your passengers in the process. Once free of your seatbelt, you can then use the Resqme's pressure-activated glass breaker to smash a window out of your car so that you can walk or, if needs be, swim to safety.
Having tested the Resqme on multiple windows at a local wrecking yard, I can tell you that using it couldn't be easier.
These two high quality tools equip you to play the role of The Good Samaritan during a roadside emergency.
We've spent dozens of hours testing our Best Pocket Knives and Best Multitools and found some great picks. But sometimes a specialty item for the car is what's needed. The Spyderco Assist has an integrated glass breaker in its handle could come in handy for helping the victim of an accident out of a dangerous wreck, and its safety-tipped serrated blade slices through seatbelt material like butter. As you'll be able to find a million other uses for it in your life, carrying it around with you won't feel like a burden.
Or, if the Assist's price is too rich for your blood, check out the Leatherman Z-REX. While we found that it doesn't have the utility to be as useful in day-to-day life as a regular knife might, it costs significantly less than a Spyderco blade, but can do the same amount of hurt to seatbelts and automotive glass.
Duct tape: is there anything it can't do?
A roadside repair doesn't have to be pretty—it just has to get you home. When the time comes to make an ugly, but effective repair, few tools are more useful to have on hand than a roll of duct tape. We like Gorilla brand duct tape. It's the top-rated in our Best Duct Tape roundup thanks to its incredible adhesiveness to most surfaces, even in wet conditions for extended periods.
Pro tip: A roll of high-visibility orange is great for taping the word 'help' into you vehicle's window to flag down other motorists.
This large, lightweight tarp should have a. home in the trunk of everyone's vehicle.
Whether you're using it to keep warm while you wait for help to arrive, or patching up a broken window, you'll be glad to have the SOL Heavy Duty Emergency Blanket in the back of your car. Despite weighing just under eight ounces, it's surprisingly tough, large enough to almost entirely hide that shameful chunk of metal you call a car, and is both wind and waterproof. As it's 90% heat reflective, it also makes a great beach shelter in a pinch.
This kit provides a wide variety of first aid supplies in one affordable, easy to use package.
Headed out on a road trip? Depending on your intake of gas station nachos, you could wind up spending more time in bathrooms than in your car. The Mountain Backpacker first-aid kit has everything in it to mend your trouble tummy and more.
Despite its mountain climbing moniker, this first-aid kit is perfect for providing medical care to road trippers, car campers, or those with light injuries. It contains everything you'll need to tend to minor wounds, burns, and sprains. It also comes with single-dose medicines to treat allergic reactions, diarrhea, pain, fever, and inflammation.
No first aid training? No problem: The kit includes flashcards and a first-aid handbook will help you muddle through the treatment of a wide assortment of boo-boos. I trust Adventure Medical Kits enough in my personal life to keep one in my home and one in my car—recommending one to you is an obvious choice.


text:
Gadpuk (, also Romanized as Gadpūk; also known as Gowdeh-ye Yūk) is a village in Chamsangar Rural District, Papi District, Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 24, in 4 families.

References

Towns and villages in Khorramabad County

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


This job merges FSA Employee Eligibility Files from all participating districts into a single file.
Special Instructions This job is for central site use only.
Job Dependency CR5304J must be processed prior to this job.


All 7th and 8th graders are invited to join us for Confirmation as we explore what it means be a member of the church, to deepen our faith, and to live lives that follow Jesus. Confirmation will meet on Sundays from 4:30-5:30 p.m. starting September 21st through April 26th. All 7th and 8th graders and their parents are invited to an informational meeting September 14th at 4:30 p.m. in the Chapel. If you have any questions before then please feel free to contact Chelsea Constant or Nancy Deis. We look forward to joining you in the faith journey of Confirmation!


• VDE tested to 10,000V and guaranteed to 1000V.
• Manufactured from premium steel, molybdenum and vanadium for flexibility and durability.
• CNC-ground screwdriver tip sits accurately within the screw head and does not move accidentally. Black phosphate coating improves grip and helps prevents rust.
• 2-piece Softgrip handle makes working comfortable, 3-slot design improves grip and helps move all the power up to the tip.
• Slim, narrow design, suitable for low torsional work and high precision electrical work.
• Laser engraved handle makes screwdriver type easier to identify.
• Slip-resistant, 3-sided collar in handle.


It's an early song by Muddy Waters . . . sacred ground for me, and I always hesitate to even attempt to cover something he wrote or otherwise recorded, but this was meant for just practice. I've had his version in my head a lot lately, so thought I'd tear into it and see what happened. An imperfect rendering, certainly, but, hey, I was feelin' it. Just thought you might enjoy sticking your head in the door for a few minutes.
I'll be playing an early show at the 5 Spot here in my neighborhood on Father's Day, June 19, with my extraordinarily talented friend Ray Bonneville. Hitting the road again in early July–check the tour page for details!
Kevin Gordon is the REAL deal in music entertainment! See this man live and you will be a lifetime fan!!!


text:
+1(470)485-7207 [email protected]
RX PILLS FOR SALE ONLINE
Quality Pills Without Prescription
Type Choose an option15mg
Units Choose an option300 tabs Clear
Midazolam quantity
SKU: N/A Category: Pain Pills
Midazolam, marketed under the trade names Versed among others, is a medication used for anesthesia, procedural sedation, trouble sleeping, and severe agitation. It works by making people sleepy, decreasing anxiety, and causing a loss of ability to create new memories. It is also useful for the treatment of seizures. Midazolam can be given by mouth, intravenously, by injection into a muscle, sprayed into the nose, or in the cheek. When given intravenously, it begins working, typically, within five minutes; when injected into a muscle, it can take fifteen minutes to begin working. Effects last for between one and six hours.
Side effects can include a decrease in efforts to breathe, low blood pressure, and sleepiness. Tolerance to its effects and withdrawal syndrome may occur following long-term use. Paradoxical effects, such as increased activity, can occur especially in children and older people. There is evidence of risk when used during pregnancy but no evidence of harm with a single dose during breastfeeding. It is of the benzodiazepine class and works through the GABA neurotransmitter.
Midazolam first came into use in 1976. It is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system. Midazolam is available as a generic medication and is not very expensive. The wholesale cost in the developing world of a vial is about 0.35 USD. In many countries, it is a controlled substance.
1mg, 2mg, 4mg, 5mg, 6mg, 8mg, 10mg, 12mg, 15mg, 20mg, 25mg, 30mg, 40mg, 50mg, 100mg, 200mg, 250mg, 275mg, 325mg, 500mg, 50amps
30 pills, 60 pills, 90 pills, 100 pills, 120 pills, 150 pills, 200 pills, 240 pills, 200 tabs, 300 tabs, 600 tabs, 1,000 tabs
Be the first to review "Midazolam" Cancel reply
Valium 10 mg Bensedin
Actavis Promethazine with Codeine purple cough syrup 32oz
Kinz Nalbuphine HCL 20 mg (Nubian)
Copyright All Rights Reserved | Design & develop by AmpleThemes

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Flutter Provider.of(...) returns null I have a problem with ChangeNotifierProxyProvider.
I have a list of providers like
 providers: [
        ChangeNotifierProvider.value(
          value: Auth(),
        ),
        ChangeNotifierProxyProvider<Auth, MyProvider>(
            create: (context) => MyProvider(),
            update: (ctx, auth, myProvider) => myProvider.update(auth)),
      ],

If I call Provider.of<MyProvider>(context, listen: false); or context.read<MyProvider>(); in my classes I got a null object.
In another case, if I replace ChangeNotifierProxyProvider to ChangeNotifierProvider (without proxy), I got my provider object.
I didn't find any similar questions. So I guess I miss something.

A: The syntax is:
ChangeNotifierProxyProvider<Auth, MyProvider>(
   create: (context) => MyProvider(),
  update: (ctx, auth, myProvider) {
    myProvider.update(auth);
    return myProvider;
  }
)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Randall Fielder brings twenty years of financial experience to Park 10 Financial. Randall studied Finance at the University of Houston and became a registered representative with Columbian Securities, then later with Principal Financial Group, and Allstate Financial. He moved into portfolio management with positions at Stardust Financial, Hancock-Fielder Retirement Strategies¸ Money Managers, Inc. and Wealthcare Asset Management.
Early in his financial career, Randall became acutely aware of the poor performance of many financial products. Products such as mutual funds, stocks, ETFs and unit investment trusts did not provide any downside protection during market downturns, which became a contributing factor to losses suffered during the downturns of 1999-2000 and 2008-2009. Randall's quest to mitigate the substantial losses the market declines inflicted on clients, led him to a study of technical analysis, which employs models and trading rules based on price and volume transformations.
Randall developed strategies that make tactical moves in portfolios based on technical analysis (TA) of the market. These strategies allow clients to be on the correct side of major market moves. When the overall market is headed downward, TA will generate a sell signal which can be used to exit the market before suffering a major loss. When the market is headed upward, TA will generate a buy signal that will capture most of the upside gains.
The heart of Park 10 Financial is to utilize these and other methods to help clients to be on the correct side of major market moves, and thus move closer to achieving their financial goals.
On the personal side, Randall has been married to his wife, Barbara for 22 years and has a stepdaughter, Stephanie, and a granddaughter, Zoe. Spending time with his family is very important to him and he dotes on Zoe.
Helping others is important to Randall and he finds much joy in doing so through his involvement with his religious organization.
Randall enjoys golfing, travelling, and reading.


But The Times, which has viewed a set of raw data from the profiles that Cambridge Analytica paid an academic researcher to obtain, contacted nearly two dozen affected Facebook users in recent weeks. Some were angry — one woman compared it to being robbed — while others were annoyed but unsurprised, having grown cynical about tech giants' use of the data they collect. They are the first known affected Facebook users to be publicly identified. And nearly all said the misuse of their data had given them second thoughts about staying on Facebook.
When Christopher Deason took an online survey in 2014, he and his Facebook friends unknowingly became early entries in a database that would eventually encompass tens of millions of Facebook profiles.
Jim Symbouras's profile data was collected dozens of times after Facebook friends of his were directed to the online survey.


text:
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mv ./live/index.html.eex ./live/index.html.drab
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mv ./live/user.html.eex ./live/user.html.drab
#mv ./live/mini.html.eex ./live/mini.html.drab
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mv ./live/users.html.eex ./live/users.html.drab
mv ./partials/partials.html.eex ./partials/partials.html.drab

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Quintas de Sarandí es una localidad argentina ubicada en el Partido de Avellaneda, Provincia de Buenos Aires.

A muy pocos kilómetros al sudeste del centro de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, entre los tramos inferiores de los arroyos Sarandí y Santo Domingo, se desarrolló, a partir de la actividad de inmigrantes italianos -principalmente genoveses- que llegaron allí desde principios del siglo XX, un área de cultivos campesinos, irrigados con el manejo de las crecientes del río, que se mantiene hasta hoy. Esta zona, de altísimo valor patrimonial -por su carácter a la vez único y tipológicamente representativo- se encuentra hoy sometida a serias amenazas ambientales. En efecto: es el receptáculo de vaciaderos clandestinos de residuos sólidos; su sistema hídrico está altamente contaminado; está afectada por la contaminación atmosférica originada en el polo petroquímico del Dock Sud; y está flanqueada, a un lado y al otro de ambos arroyos, por sendos –y gigantescos- depósitos de rellenos de residuos sólidos urbanos, en dos áreas que deben ser reacondicionadas y recuperados. Esta caracterización ha sido formulada por el antropólogo Mario Rabey, en su trabajo sobre paisajes culturales de la ribera sur metropolitana. La descripción de las Quintas que sigue a continuación está basada en otro texto del mismo autor.

Localización

Las Quintas de Sarandí están ubicadas dentro del área central-sur de la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, en la costa del Río de la Plata. Pertenece al Municipio de Avellaneda, y dista unos ocho kilómetros del centro de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires (Plaza de Mayo) y unos tres kilómetros de la desembocadura del Río Matanza-Riachuelo. Ocupa un polígono con aproximadamente 420 ha; con la forma de un trapecio, de aproximadamente 1.700 m × 2.300 m, con el lado menor coincidiendo con la ribera del Río de la Plata (límite noreste). Los otros tres bordes son: el arroyo Sarandí (noroeste), la autopista Buenos Aires – La Plata (sudoeste) y el arroyo Santo Domingo (sudeste).

Quintas de Sarandí: un espacio verde con alto valor patrimonial

La zona de las "Quintas de Sarandí" es prácticamente el único relicto del agroecosistema periurbano de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, tal cual existió durante el siglo XIX y, en muchos casos, hasta bien entrado el siglo XX.

Establecido en una porción del ecosistema de la Selva Marginal Costera del Paraná - Plata, es el producto de la transformación agrícola de dicho ecosistema por parte de inmigrantes del norte de Italia (particularmente de la región de Génova), quienes trajeron sus ricos conocimientos y prácticas campesinas. Aplicando esos conocimientos y prácticas, organizaron allí un sofisticado y original sistema de canales para riego y navegación. El uso de los canales para riego permitió el establecimiento de una importante superficie de pequeñas fincas agrícolas campesinas periurbanas, que fueron durante décadas una de las fuentes principales de aprovisionamiento hortícola para la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Además, se estableció una importante agroindustria artesanal vitivinícola, que le dio una marca identitaria a la zona, como la productora de los buscados vinos de la costa, una actividad que se ha conservado, aunque muy disminuida en volumen, hasta el presente.

Los canales fueron también usados para la navegación en pequeñas embarcaciones a vela y remos, que permitían transportar personas y bienes entre las Quintas y el puerto de La Boca. Este uso fue abandonado completamente antes de mediados del siglo XX, con el desarrollo de las vías terrestres de comunicación.

Los impactos sufridos por las Quintas

Deterioro del paisaje cultural

Las importantes perturbaciones ambientales producidas en toda el área a causa de la degradación de la Cuenca Matanza-Riachuelo se potenciaron exponencialmente a partir de comienzos del período económico de sustitución de importaciones (décadas de 1930 y 1940).

En este período, la zona de las Quintas recibió dos grandes conjuntos de impactos. Por un lado, los provenientes de la vertiginosa disminución de la calidad de las aguas del Riachuelo y de los cursos de los arroyos Sarandí y Santo Domingo. Por otro lado, el impacto –si bien algo menor que el anterior en términos materio-energéticos, importantísimo en términos de pérdida de información eco-cultural-, producido por la instalación y consolidación del Polo Petroquímico del Dock Sud. Este primer conjunto de impactos consistió en un menoscabo muy grave en la calidad de las aguas utilizadas para riego en las Quintas –provenientes del Río de la Plata y de ambos arroyos-, con lo cual la zona fue perdiendo su principal ventaja, la disposición de agua para de buena calidad riego en gran abundancia, no sujeta a variaciones estacionales. Este proceso llevó a una situación crítica a la producción de hortalizas, frutas y uva para vino, si bien sigue existiendo una superficie de viñas en las Quintas, así como frutales y áreas con hortalizas.

El segundo conjunto de impactos produjo un fuerte aislamiento de la zona, que terminó de completarse con la construcción del Acceso Sudeste desde el Puente Nicolás Avellaneda y, más tarde, con la primera fase del relleno de tierras por el CEAMSE, en Villa Domínico.

Situación actual: potencialidades y conflictos

La implementación del Plan Integral Matanza-Riachuelo permitirá –en el mediano plazo- una gradual recuperación de la calidad de las aguas. En cuanto a la situación generada por el Polo Petroquímico y el CEAMSE, también es previsible un mejoramiento gradual de la situación. Esta perspectiva, combinada con la persistencia del paisaje cultural de las Quintas –incluyendo manchones del ecosistema natural Selva Marginal Costera-, constituye la principal potencialidad intrínseca de la zona de intervención para su inclusión en proyectos de desarrollo sustentable y, en particular, para un espacio verde de usos múltiples (producción, recreación, educación ambiental), con importantes dimensiones, incluso para la escala metropolitana.

El ecosistema antropizado conserva los grandes patrones que tuvo en su apogeo hacia 1930 –y que son claramente visibles en las imágenes satelitales-.

La población actual, heredera del sistema sociocultural campesino ya mencionado, que se sostuvo hasta mediados del s. XX, sigue conservando algunas buenas prácticas tradicionales de manejo del suelo y del territorio. Pero en los últimos años, se ha instalado un nuevo conflicto socio-ambiental en la zona, centrado en la práctica de recibir en la zona una gran cantidad de los residuos provenientes de demoliciones de viviendas antiguas del centro y sur de la región metropolitana, una situación que se ve incrementada por el auge en la construcción de los últimos tres o cuatro años. Trasladados en contenedores abiertos sobre pequeños camiones, con guinche, son depositados en los suelos de las parcelas locales y, más recientemente, como relleno en la zona costera. El relleno no parece estar sujeto a ninguna regulación.

Otro importante conflicto ambiental surge de la compra hecha por el gobierno local, en 1998, de un conjunto de parcelas, totalizando alrededor de 100 ha . Originariamente pensadas para instalar un parque industrial, afortunadamente el gobierno municipal abandonó la idea, cuya concreción habría tenido un altísimo efecto deteriorante en el área. Sin embargo, actualmente (marzo de 2009) está comenzando a usar el terreno con fines que la población local considera de alto impacto negativo, especialmente el proyecto de instalar allí una Alcaidía, o prisión para detenidos procesados, dependiente del Ministerio de Justicia de la [[Provincia de Buenos Agestión
A noviembre de 2018 y gracias a la gestión de las autoridades municipales se emplaza en el lugar una zona de reserva ecológica que puede ser recorrida, la cual incluye vista al Río de la Plata y cuenta con sanitarios y personal dedicado.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Fotos de las Quintas

Localidades del partido de Avellaneda


text:
Q: Nextjs HookWebpackError: Cannot set properties of undefined (setting 'type') Im getting this error when i try to build my nextjs app. This error didn't occur on the last version of my app though, I didn't play with any config file, only added a couple of animation libraries and thats it, in addition to the code I wrote of course.
repo link: https://github.com/aliSalehAbdulhadi/Daily  adding-inner-todos branch
yarn run v1.22.19
$ next build
info - Linting and checking validity of types
info - Creating an optimized production build
Failed to compile.

HookWebpackError: Cannot set properties of undefined (setting 'type')
at makeWebpackError (/home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/dist/compiled/webpack/bundle5.js:49590:9)
at /home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/dist/compiled/webpack/bundle5.js:33095:12
at eval (eval at create (/home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/dist/compiled/webpack/bundle5.js:23385:10), :34:1)
at runMicrotasks ()
at processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:96:5)
-- inner error --
TypeError: Cannot set properties of undefined (setting 'type')
at /home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/static/css/04a7d2f9c1ff8270.css:1335:3
at flatten (/home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/dist/compiled/cssnano-simple/index.js:190:64125)
at getValue (/home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/dist/compiled/cssnano-simple/index.js:190:63922)
at normalizeBoxShadow (/home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/dist/compiled/cssnano-simple/index.js:190:67038)
at /home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/dist/compiled/cssnano-simple/index.js:190:63635
at /home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/node_modules/postcss/lib/container.js:72:18
at /home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/node_modules/postcss/lib/container.js:55:18
at Rule.each (/home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/node_modules/postcss/lib/container.js:41:16)
at Rule.walk (/home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/node_modules/postcss/lib/container.js:52:17)
at /home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/node_modules/postcss/lib/container.js:60:24
at Root.each (/home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/node_modules/postcss/lib/container.js:41:16)
caused by plugins in Compilation.hooks.processAssets
TypeError: Cannot set properties of undefined (setting 'type')
at /home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/static/css/04a7d2f9c1ff8270.css:1335:3
at flatten (/home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/dist/compiled/cssnano-simple/index.js:190:64125)
at getValue (/home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/dist/compiled/cssnano-simple/index.js:190:63922)
at normalizeBoxShadow (/home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/dist/compiled/cssnano-simple/index.js:190:67038)
at /home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/dist/compiled/cssnano-simple/index.js:190:63635
at /home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/node_modules/postcss/lib/container.js:72:18
at /home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/node_modules/postcss/lib/container.js:55:18
at Rule.each (/home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/node_modules/postcss/lib/container.js:41:16)
at Rule.walk (/home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/node_modules/postcss/lib/container.js:52:17)
at /home/ali/Desktop/development/projects/daily-app/node_modules/next/node_modules/postcss/lib/container.js:60:24
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A: I cloned your repository and made a build, it gave no error! I think it's a problem with your local configuration.

A: It was a CSS syntax error, which didn't appear during development but only during build time. Keep that in mind to anyone who might see this.


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Home › Double Stops › Study in G Major, Op. 84, No. 21 (Judas Maccabaeus)
Study in G Major, Op. 84, No. 21 (Judas Maccabaeus)
Dancla, Charles (1817-1907)
Sheet music for : Violin solo
Difficulty level :
Melodious and Very Easy Study - Étude mélodique et très facile - Etude
This Study in G Major, Op. 84, No. 21 is a beautiful Air varié [Varied theme] on Handel's famous chorus See, The Conquering Hero Comes from his oratorio Judas Maccabaeus.
Violinists will recognize this theme, as it is part of violin school programs throughout the world (please refer to Chorus from Judas Maccabaeus for violin and piano arranged for Grade 1 violin students).
This Study in G Major, Op. 84, No. 21 by Charles Dancla is to be played in the first and third positions.
It has the following musical form :
Mm. 1-8 : Main theme A in G Major, played entirely in double stops in the first and third positions
Mm. 9-16 : Phrase B, a lyrical melody starting in E minor and modulating to the dominant key of D Major
Mm. 17-24 : Variation on the main theme, featuring sautillé, chords and rapid triplets
Mm. 25-32 : Main theme A returns, in its original version
Mm. 32-end : Coda made up of a G Major arpeggio and final chords
This beautiful study is preceded with an exercise in finger action in the key of G Major.
This score includes a suggestion for the correct realization of the appoggiatura ornament in measures 7 and 31.
In particular, the appoggiatura must be played ON the beat and take up one half of the following note's value.
Source : Charles Dancla, 36 Études mélodiques et très faciles pour le violon [36 Melodious and Very Easy Studies for the Violin], Op. 84.
This sheet music appears in the following collections :
Charles Dancla (1817-1907)
Dancla : 36 Études mélodiques et très faciles, Op. 84
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Part I of Ice Preserves, Video Essay is available on YouTube
Why were the Others created? Was it truly just to destroy humans or could we have been wrong about them all along? Could they, in fact, have been created for one purpose and weaponized for another? What if they were mobilized not to destroy humanity, but to save it?
This was one of the primary questions I've been mulling over the past few years on my own. Since I've never really engaged much with the forums (they were far too intimidating for me), I don't know if this all has been covered before or by whom. So, if I retread old ground, forgive me.
I should also let you know a bit about my process. When it comes to theories, I think in terms of "plausible possibilities." I like to look at aspects of the story from all perspectives, asking questions and poking at potential interpretations that may or may not end up being accurate. It's part of how I put pieces together. So for this, and any other essay/video, my goal is not so much to replace current theories as to look at something from a slightly different angle to see how it holds up, though with textual evidence.
As always, thanks also to George R. R. Martin for writing these books and to Alice Pike Barney, late 19th and early 20th century impressionist painter to whom I owe all of my gorgeous artwork for the site.
This essay is available in written form over at my website gnellis.com as well as my other nerdy media analysis writing and the lyrics for my ASOIAF parodies. All articles mentioned in this essay will be linked below in the video description, so make sure to clink on those if you're interested.
So without further ado, Ice Preserves Part One: Were the Others Actually Created to Destroy Humanity?
From the Darkness Beneath the Trees
From the moment we meet the Others in the prologue, they're cloaked in mystery. These White Walkers and watchers of the wood have their own language, a sense of humor and disdain, icy armor glitters in the moonlight, yet they vanish as quickly and silently as they appear. By the time the main story starts, we're asking ourselves, Where do they come from? What do they want? Why are they seemingly so antagonistic toward humans (or at the very least toward certain humans)?
In his series of essays on the Long Night and the Others, Lucifer Means Lightbringer has pretty convincingly, at least to my mind, laid out arguments in favor of the Others coming from the trees. After all, the first time we meet one of these white shadows, it's coming out of the woods,
A shadow emerged from the dark of the wood. It stood in front of Royce. Tall, it was, and gaunt and hard as old bones, with flesh pale as milk. Its armor seemed to change color as it moved; here it was white as new-fallen snow, there black as shadow, everywhere dappled with the deep grey-green of the trees. The patterns ran like moonlight on water with every step it took.
… They emerged silently from the shadows, twins to the first. Three of them … four … five … Ser Waymar may have felt the cold that came with them, but he never saw them, never heard them. Will had to call out. It was his duty. And his death, if he did. He shivered, and hugged the tree, and kept the silence.—A Game of Thrones, Prologue
Not only does the Other literally "emerge from the dark of the wood," its armor is dappled with the color of the trees. Note also the reference to moonlight on water, as if the icy armor and weapons glow with reflected moonlight.
Now take a look at this scene from the battle of Whispering Wood, where Catelyn Stark sees part of Robb's host riding out of the trees,
Catelyn sat on her horse, unmoving, with Hal Mollen and her guard around her, and she waited as she had waited before, for Brandon and Ned and her father. She was high on the ridge, and the trees hid most of what was going on beneath her. A heartbeat, two, four, and suddenly it was as if she and her protectors were alone in the wood. The rest were melted away into the green.
Yet when she looked across the valley to the far ridge, she saw the Greatjon's riders emerge from the darkness beneath the trees. They were in a long line, an endless line, and as they burst from the wood there was an instant, the smallest part of a heartbeat, when all Catelyn saw was the moonlight on the points of their lances, as if a thousand willowisps were coming down the ridge, wreathed in silver flame.—A Game of Thrones, Catelyn X
Not only are they in a location called "the Whispering Wood"—bringing to mind the whispering of the weirwood trees that Osha calls the gods speaking—we have the same symbolic elements as in the prologue: emerging from the darkness of the trees, weapons and armor glowing with moonlight, the melting or running of water, and the idea of being merged or one with the trees. What matters most here is the idea that both the Others and the Greatjon's forces, who are symbolic parallels to the Others, come from the dark shadows beneath the trees, as if extensions of those shadows.
While the context of the prologue and the Whispering Wood seems to put the literal and symbolic Others on the offensive, much symbolic and thematic evidence seems to point to the Others being first and foremost a kind of defensive mechanism. In fact, that idea is present in both of the preceding chapters. In the prologue, the Others emerge as a response to Waymar leading a ranging that incurs on their territory. Will, his guide, and the woods themselves warn him to turn back every step of the way. It's the first line of the chapter, the book, and the series itself, in fact.
Similarly, Robb's forces hidden in the Whispering Wood are responding to the unjustified Lannister incursions into the Riverlands. (And yes, I do say unjustified; no Tywin apology here, thanks.) They may be an attacking force, but it stems from a defensive and protective posture rather than an invading one.
The defensive role of the Others isn't merely contextual or limited to such passages; all we need do is look at their symbolic parallels in the series. The Night's Watch, an inverse parallel to the Others, is a primarily defensive order.
Night gathers, and now my watch begins. It shall not end until my death. I shall take no wife, hold no lands, father no children. I shall wear no crowns and win no glory. I shall live and die at my post. I am the sword in the darkness. I am the watcher on the walls. I am the fire that burns against the cold, the light that brings the dawn, the horn that wakes the sleepers, the shield that guards the realms of men. I pledge my life and honor to the Night's Watch, for this night and all the nights to come.—A Game of Thrones, Jon VI
There's a reason it's called a 'watch' and not, say, a strike team. All of the roles mentioned in the vows are first and foremost defensive. We begin with the phrase, "sword in the darkness," but every metaphor mentioned thereafter defines what that means. They're watchers on the walls, i.e., lookouts. Though fire is one of the ways to kill a wight, a fire that burns against the cold, seems to me to imply that its function is likely meant as protective—it keeps the cold at bay. They 'bring' the light to end the night, another protective measure. Like a fire that keeps the cold at bay and protects people by providing warmth, bringing the dawn ends the night (and cold) for good. A horn that wakes the sleepers hearkens back to being a watcher on the walls, as one of the main functions a lookout has both in-universe and in our own world history was to sound the alarm. The vows end with, "[I am] the shield that guards the realms of men," which brings us back to martial imagery, but in the role of a guardian.
In fact, the Night's Watch vows is a series of parallel statements that forms a chiasm. A chiasm is a literary device found in Hebrew poetry where a series of ideas or themes build to a central point and then are reiterated in reverse order. It's like Rusted Revolver's 'we start back' concept, as explicated by Lucifer Means Lightbringer. But don't worry, while it sounds complicated, chiasm doesn't require reading events in backward order. Trust me, it makes more sense as an example than when trying to explain it. Basically, if you have ideas A, B, C, and D, a chiasm reads like this:
[*Note: The parenthesis around D'— called "D prime"—means that sometimes the central idea is repeated, but not always.]
For example, in the book of Joel, we have the following example of a Hebrew chiasm,
As you can see, the ideas from the first half (A, B, and C) are echoed or rephrased in the second half with the 'main point' in the middle. This is an example where the central idea (D), is not repeated, but there are others where the central idea gets repeated/rephrased as well.
Bringing this back to the Night's Watch vows, they read as follows:
A: I am the sword in the darkness. A: warrior/defender
B: I am the watcher on the walls. B: lookout
C: I am the fire that burns against the cold, C: flame/light
C': [I am] the light that brings the dawn, C': flame/light
B': [I am] the horn that wakes the sleepers, B': lookout
A': [I am] the shield that guards the realms of men. A': warrior/defender
Reading the second half, we see that shield parallels sword, which implies that being a 'sword in the darkness' is likely a defensive position rather than an offensive one.
A bit of interesting food for thought: If the Night's Watch wielded swords that somehow glowed with their own fire like Dawn or a lit glass candle, that would provide yet another parallel to C/C'. As wielders of light, they provide light to see, warmth to protect against the cold, and end the night by bringing light/dawn. As the idea of being/bringing light and fire occupies the central position in the chiasm, it's probably the most important function of the Night's Watch. So their swords being made of or 'holding' light somehow would further reinforce both the centrality of their role as 'lightbringers' (yeah, I went there) and guardians against the long, cold night.
And recall that these seem to be the central tenants of the Night's Watch; these are the words Sam must say to pass through the Black Gate. The most important thing to know about the Night's Watch, therefore, is that they're meant as a defensive force; above all, they're guardians wielding sword and light to preserve and protect, not attack or conquer.
The Night's Watch as guardians and protectors ought to be in the forefront of our mind when we read about the creation of the Kingsguard:
It was Visenya, not Aegon, who decided the nature of the Kingsguard. Seven champions for the Lord of the Seven Kingdoms, who would all be knights. She modeled their vows upon those of the Night's Watch, so that they would forfeit all things save their duty to the king.—The World of Ice and Fire, The Targaryen Kings: Aegon I
While we know that Visenya had the first part of the vows in mind when creating the Kingsguard—hence the mention of "forfeit[ing] all things save their duty to the king"—we can't overlook the central tenants of the Night's Watch vows either. After all, Visenya created the Kingsguard to protect Aegon from assassination,
On one occasion in 10 AC, Aegon and Visenya were both attacked in the streets of King's Landing, and if not for Visenya and Dark Sister, the king might not have survived. Despite this, the king still believed that his guards were sufficient to his defense; Visenya convinced him otherwise. (It is recorded that when Aegon pointed out his guardsmen, Visenya drew Dark Sister and cut his cheek before his guards could react. "Your guards are slow and lazy," Visenya is reported to have said, and the king was forced to agree.)—The World of Ice and Fire, The Targaryen Kings: Aegon I
The Kingsguard, who serve as excellent symbolic parallels to the Others, weren't created to attack but to defend.
We don't know yet why the Faith Militant was created, but we do know that they function primarily as a defensive force as well. Both the Warrior's Sons and the Poor Fellows—the apt symbolically named "swords" and "stars" (hey there, white sword and blue star Others)—seem to have been intended to guard, whether it be the holy places, the High Septon himself, or pilgrims of the Faith.
Thus, analogues to the Others share one thing in common: attack isn't their primary function. They're defenders. Which makes sense if the Others are a defensive response to the invasion of the weirwood net, a kind of white blood cell immune response, if you will. They only attack as a form of defense, like the Greatjon's forces in the Whispering Wood or the Others in the prologue when Waymar travels too deep into the forest.
He Cast Aside His Broken Shield, and Suddenly He was the One On The Attack
So, how do the Others become mobilized to attack all humanity? Because to hear Old Nan tell it, that's precisely what happened during the Long Night.
"In that darkness, the Others came for the first time," she said as her needles went click click click. "They were cold things, dead things, that hated iron and fire and the touch of the sun, and every creature with hot blood in its veins. They swept over holdfasts and cities and kingdoms, felled heroes and armies by the score, riding their pale dead horses and leading hosts of the slain. All the swords of men could not stay their advance, and even maidens and suckling babes found no pity in them. They hunted the maids through frozen forests, and fed their dead servants on the flesh of human children."—A Game of Thrones, Bran IV
If the Others are a defensive mechanism from the weirwoods, likely after the invasion of Azor Ahai, how did they come to represent such ruthless destruction? It makes sense for the Others to defend against invaders, but the shift from defensive response to the hatred of 'everything with hot blood in its veins' sounds like literal overkill.
Now, the first possible answer is that Old Nan may be just plain wrong. Legends grow in the telling, especially after eight thousand years, and it may be that the Others weren't as hell bent on annihilation as Old Nan says. Their conquests may have been more limited, and less slash-and-burn, as we've been led to believe.
But for now, let's take the concept of total annihilation of humanity at face value and see where it gets us. The first question I have is, if the Others are a creation of the Children of the Forest, why would they take such a stance? The Children as a whole don't seem like aggressive, 'kill all humans' type entities. They're not robots who drink too much and want me to kiss their shiny metal ass, after all. The parallels with the elves of Lord of the Rings and the Sithi of the Memory, Sorrow, and Thorn series implies peaceful, nature loving beings who would not choose genocide, even when faced with their own annihilation.
Perhaps one person or a sect of Children may have wished harm to all humans, something I'll come back to in part two, but I find the idea that the Children of the Forest as a whole created the Others in order to kill all humans unlikely. Especially if the symbolism is pointing us to the Others as being primarily defensive rather than offensive. Genocide of an entire race including innocents and non-combatants isn't defensive.
So while I suppose it is still technically possible that the Others were created with the intention of killing all human beings, I don't find that theory particularly compelling.
One could posit an unintentional overreaction or magic gone awry. Let's go back to the immune response metaphor for a bit. Sometimes, the human immune system 'overreacts' to bacterial or viral threats. Autoimmune diseases frequently stem from the body attacking itself, thinking that healthy cells are foreign cells that must be killed. If you play Pokemon, just think of it like, "it hurt itself in its confusion." Perhaps the Others were meant to only kill those who had invaded the trees but got out of control and started killing all humans. It's a possibility, and one I can't disprove.
The possibility I find more compelling is that the Others were created with one purpose in mind and became hijacked for another purpose altogether. We see this kind of situation happen with the symbolic Other parallels. Visenya created the Kingsguard to protect Aegon I from assassination, but then Aegon II comes along and uses the Kingsguard to assure his usurpation of Rhaenyra's throne by capturing and killing those who would oppose him. Aerys II takes advantage of the protective function of the Kingsguard to abuse his wife without consequence. Joffrey uses the Kingsguard to regularly beat and humiliate his fiancée Sansa, not unlike Maegor possibly ordering Kingsguard Ser Owen Bush to remove Ceryse Hightower's tongue and 'accidentally' ending up killing her. In the hands of a cruel, oppressive king, the Kingsguard becomes a tool of aggression and harm instead of a shield.
Again, we don't know exactly how the Faith Militant got its start, but we know it served a protective function more often than not. The Poor Fellows escorted and protected pilgrims of the Faith, and the original knights of the Warrior's sons were said to be holy men who fought demons and dragons. Fighting dragons, eh? What can that possibly mean?
Perhaps at some point in their early history the Faith Militant fought literal dragons, but we do know they fought some symbolic ones (riding literal ones) in recent history. After Aegon's conquest, the Faith Militant is fairly consistently pitted against the Targaryens. In fact, outside of Dorne, they're the most consistent face of resistance to the invasion and conquest of the Targaryens for the first hundred years or so after Aegon, Visenya, and Rhaenys decide they want to rule Westeros. Perhaps not always militaristically, but they are the face of cultural resistance, as they repeatedly oppose the Targaryen practices of marrying siblings and having multiple wives. They rebelled against Aenys I when he wanted to marry his children to each other, fought against Maegor throughout his reign due to his desire to wed multiple wives, and were a threat to Jaehaerys I during his regency due to his desire to marry his younger sister Alysanne. An order of guardians who resist the invasion of dragon-blooded people? That's exactly what the Others seem to be.
However, we also know the Faith Militant has at least once become embroiled in inter-religious conflicts as a weapon of aggression. Prior to Aegon's conquest, King Humfrey I Teague utilized them to suppress the worship of the Old Gods in the riverlands. Houses Blackwood, Vance, and Tully rebelled, eventually defeating King Humfrey I with the aid of Storm King Arlan III Durandon, who then added the riverlands to his realm.
Moving on, let's think once again of the Night's Watch. As their vows proclaim, they're meant to guard. Yet more than once in the history of this order, a Lord Commander has attempted to declare himself king and/or use the Night's Watch as a military force against the other kingdoms, including…dun dun dun the Night's King himself.
Yes, that's right. The Night's King—one option for the progenitor of the Others—is an example of someone who turned a defensive force into an aggressive one. But before we dive into that, let's summarize where we are now.
We have seen multiple examples of an order of knights or guardians that's intended for good, defensive purposes that becomes a tool of aggression and hate in the hands of the wrong authority figure. The Kingsguard, Night's Watch, and Warrior's Sons are like the white, black, and rainbow swords each of these orders is compared to: what role they play and their use depends entirely on who is wielding them.
It therefore seems reasonable to posit the same might be true for the Others. While originally a defensive response to the invasion of the weirwood net and likely meant to be a protective measure, in the hands of the wrong person, they became a tool of aggression.
Wielding the White Sword
So, the Others may not be inherently evil in and of themselves. Or at the very least, not initially created for evil purposes or to wipe out all of humanity.
I believe I have good reason to propose such a theory, as Martin loves this kind of ambiguity. Killing the king to help your father stage a coup sounds like raw ambition until you learn said king was systematically raping his wife and planned on blowing up an entire city so he could transform into a dragon. Killing your wife to forge a magical sword to save the world sounds like necessary evil…until we learn that this very act may have caused the Long Night disaster in the first place and it may not have been done from pure motives. Jaime killing Aerys II might be heroic and Azor Ahai killing Nissa Nissa may be villainous, or at the very least the action of an anti-hero. In short, I think Martin wants us ask questions of the 'official' narrative based not on the sword itself, but on who is wielding it and why.
This brings me back to the Night's King, the legendary thirteenth Lord Commander of the Night's Watch who mayhaps was named Brandon, weaponized the Night's Watch against the North, and was found 'sacrificing to the Others',
The gathering gloom put Bran in mind of another of Old Nan's stories, the tale of Night's King. He had been the thirteenth man to lead the Night's Watch, she said; a warrior who knew no fear. "And that was the fault in him," she would add, "for all men must know fear." A woman was his downfall; a woman glimpsed from atop the Wall, with skin as white as the moon and eyes like blue stars. Fearing nothing, he chased her and caught her and loved her, though her skin was cold as ice, and when he gave his seed to her he gave his soul as well.
He brought her back to the Nightfort and proclaimed her a queen and himself her king, and with strange sorceries he bound his Sworn Brothers to his will. For thirteen years they had ruled, Night's King and his corpse queen, till finally the Stark of Winterfell and Joramun of the wildlings had joined to free the Watch from bondage. After his fall, when it was found he had been sacrificing to the Others, all records of Night's King had been destroyed, his very name forbidden.—A Storm of Swords, Bran IV
Now, some in the fandom have speculated that 'sacrificing to the Others' may, in fact, mean that the Night's King and his corpse queen were creating the Others. For the purposes of this essay, that doesn't really matter. Perhaps Night's King made the first Others, perhaps he instead made more Others, perhaps neither. Yet regardless of if he made the Others or not, Night's King seems to have wielded the Others as a weapon against other human beings.
…[O]ver the thousands of years of its existence as the chief seat of the Watch, the Nightfort has accrued many legends of its own, some of which have been recounted in Archmaester Harmune's Watchers on the Wall. The oldest of these tales concern the legendary Night's King, the thirteenth Lord Commander of the Night's Watch, who was alleged to have bedded a sorceress pale as a corpse and declared himself a king. For thirteen years the Night's King and his "corpse queen" ruled together, before King of Winter, Brandon the Breaker, (in alliance, it is said, with the King-Beyond-the-Wall, Joramun) brought them down. Thereafter, he obliterated the Night's King's very name from memory.—The World of Ice and Fire, The Wall and Beyond: The Night's Watch
I try to stay away from Game of Thrones TV parallels—I think of them as different versions of the same story that may not have one-to-one correlations—but I can't help but notice that the show has a character named "Night's King" who leads the Others to fight against humanity. Now, the book context for the creation of Night's King and his role in the current war will likely differ from the show, in my opinion. Nevertheless, Night's King's role in leading the Others to fight humanity in the original war for the dawn seems highly probable.
Right about now you might be thinking, "Woah, woah, woah, slow down, Gretchen! That's a pretty big assumption about the Night's King and the Others. Why tie the Others to Night's King in the first place? According to the TV show, the Children of the Forest created the Others to protect the weirwoods from human beings. And didn't the Night's King rule after the long night, not during?"
Well, the television show may be right about both the Children of the Forest creating the Others—or at the very least helping to create the Others—and that a figure named the "Night's King" mobilized them against humanity at some later point. (Or the show may be wrong, or at least not entirely right about the Children's role; only time will tell what that means for the books.) As I just said, for the purposes of this essay, it doesn't really matter who created the Others, only who weaponized them.
And we can't deny that symbolic evidence within the books links the Others to the Night's King and his corpse queen. The mobilization of the Others and their symbolic equivalents (e.g., the Kingsguard, the Warrior's Sons, and sometimes the wildlings) repeatedly tie in both with Night's King figures like Stannis, Euron, and, occasionally, Jon Snow, and with ice queens like Visenya, Val, or Lyanna.
There's too much parallelism between the black shadow Night's Watch brothers and the white shadow Kingsguard for it to be coincidence. These 'brothers from an Other mother' seem to be kin somehow, and whenever we see a defensive force mobilized for conquest or attack, the one who does so is all too human. So, while the Others almost definitely come from the trees, specifically the white/wight weirwoods, the ones who mobilized them into a force of conquest was probably human. Or, even more likely, someone who once was human and underwent some kind of death transformation. Just think of 'walking corpse' Stannis and Melisandre creating black shadow babies or soon-to-be-dead-and-resurrected Jon Snow letting the wildlings through the Wall with the help of ice queen Val.
Such events most likely took place during rather than after the Long Night. Where we see Other creation and mobilization symbolism, it's during symbolic Long Night events like eclipses, dragons or clouds hiding the sun, or even the "Years of the Dragon's Wroth," the "black time" after the death of Rhaenys during which Visenya creates the Kingsguard to protect Aegon the Conqueror. Moreover, given we know of no mention of the Others prior to the Long Night and they do not seem to have had any significant presence in Westeros since, the Long Night and the Others seem inextricably linked together. We don't know yet which causes which, but we do know that when the Long Night falls, the Others appear and when the Long Night ends, the Others fade away into the icy North. It makes little sense for the Night's King to be sacrificing to beings that have no presence or power at the Wall, which leads me to conclude that the Night's King events took place during the Long Night.
To sum up, if the Others are analogous to an elite defensive force like the Kingsguard, one may reasonably posit that someone must command them. Since we have other tales of Lord Commanders attempting to wield the Night's Watch—an inverse parallel to the Others—as their own personal fighting force, why not the Night's King doing the same with the Others? Perhaps "with strange sorceries he bound his Sworn Brothers to his will" and "he had been sacrificing to the Others" is the same thing: turning Black brothers into Others under his control. Or it could be that using sorcery to control the Night's Watch brothers is meant as an analogy for the Night's King binding the Others to his will to use them as his personal army. Or he could very well have done both. We don't know yet.
What this all boils down to is the proposal that the Others were at some point mobilized for a purpose beyond their original intention: these white shadow guardians of the wood became an attack force under the control of a leader who wished to use them differently than they'd been originally intended, and the person who did so was the Night's King.
In the next part, I'm going to raise questions about what that purpose might have been, and here's a hint, it may not have been out of 'hatred for everything with hot blood in its veins'.
Featured image is "Marshlands at Sundown" by Alice Pike Barney
ASOIAF
asoiaf theories
Ice Preserves
Night's King
About Gretchen
Gretchen, 30s, bi, she/her. I write original SFF, ASOIAF meta and parodies, and essays about storytelling, representation, media, and fandom.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Globalization;

namespace g3
{
	public class SVGWriter
	{
		public bool FlipY = true;

		public struct Style
		{
			public string fill;
			public string stroke;
			public float stroke_width;

			public static readonly Style Default = new Style() { fill = "none", stroke = "black", stroke_width = 1 };

			public static Style Filled(string fillCol, string strokeCol = "", float strokeWidth = 0)
			{
				return new Style() { fill = fillCol, stroke = strokeCol, stroke_width = strokeWidth };
			}
			public static Style Outline(string strokeCol, float strokeWidth)
			{
				return new Style() { fill = "none", stroke = strokeCol, stroke_width = strokeWidth };
			}

			public override string ToString()
			{
				var b = new StringBuilder();
				if (fill.Length > 0) { b.Append("fill:"); b.Append(fill); b.Append(';'); }
				if (stroke.Length > 0) { b.Append("stroke:"); b.Append(stroke); b.Append(';'); }
				if (stroke_width > 0) { b.Append("stroke-width:"); b.Append(stroke_width); b.Append(";"); }
				return b.ToString();
			}
		}

		Dictionary<object, Style> Styles = new Dictionary<object, Style>();

		public Style DefaultPolygonStyle;
		public Style DefaultPolylineStyle;
		public Style DefaultDGraphStyle;
		public Style DefaultCircleStyle;
		public Style DefaultArcStyle;
		public Style DefaultLineStyle;

		List<object> Objects;

		AxisAlignedBox2d Bounds;

		public int Precision = 3;
		public double BoundsPad = 10;

		public SVGWriter()
		{
			Objects = new List<object>();
			Bounds = AxisAlignedBox2d.Empty;

			DefaultPolygonStyle = Style.Outline("grey", 1);
			DefaultPolylineStyle = Style.Outline("cyan", 1);
			DefaultCircleStyle = Style.Filled("green", "black", 1);
			DefaultArcStyle = Style.Outline("magenta", 1);
			DefaultLineStyle = Style.Outline("black", 1);
			DefaultDGraphStyle = Style.Outline("blue", 1);
		}

		public void SetDefaultLineWidth(float width)
		{
			DefaultPolygonStyle.stroke_width = width;
			DefaultPolylineStyle.stroke_width = width;
			DefaultCircleStyle.stroke_width = width;
			DefaultArcStyle.stroke_width = width;
			DefaultLineStyle.stroke_width = width;
			DefaultDGraphStyle.stroke_width = width;
		}

		public void AddPolygon(Polygon2d poly)
		{
			Objects.Add(poly);
			Bounds.Contain(poly.Bounds);
		}
		public void AddPolygon(Polygon2d poly, Style style)
		{
			Objects.Add(poly);
			Styles[poly] = style;
			Bounds.Contain(poly.Bounds);
		}

		public void AddBox(AxisAlignedBox2d box)
		{
			AddBox(box, DefaultPolygonStyle);
		}
		public void AddBox(AxisAlignedBox2d box, Style style)
		{
			var poly = new Polygon2d();
			for (int k = 0; k < 4; ++k)
			{
				poly.AppendVertex(box.GetCorner(k));
			}

			AddPolygon(poly, style);
		}

		public void AddPolyline(PolyLine2d poly)
		{
			Objects.Add(poly);
			Bounds.Contain(poly.Bounds);
		}
		public void AddPolyline(PolyLine2d poly, Style style)
		{
			Objects.Add(poly);
			Styles[poly] = style;
			Bounds.Contain(poly.Bounds);
		}

		public void AddGraph(DGraph2 graph)
		{
			Objects.Add(graph);
			Bounds.Contain(graph.GetBounds());
		}
		public void AddGraph(DGraph2 graph, Style style)
		{
			Objects.Add(graph);
			Styles[graph] = style;
			Bounds.Contain(graph.GetBounds());
		}

		public void AddCircle(Circle2d circle)
		{
			Objects.Add(circle);
			Bounds.Contain(circle.Bounds);
		}
		public void AddCircle(Circle2d circle, Style style)
		{
			Objects.Add(circle);
			Styles[circle] = style;
			Bounds.Contain(circle.Bounds);
		}

		public void AddArc(Arc2d arc)
		{
			Objects.Add(arc);
			Bounds.Contain(arc.Bounds);
		}
		public void AddArc(Arc2d arc, Style style)
		{
			Objects.Add(arc);
			Styles[arc] = style;
			Bounds.Contain(arc.Bounds);
		}

		public void AddLine(Segment2d segment)
		{
			Objects.Add(new Segment2dBox(segment));
			Bounds.Contain(segment.P0); Bounds.Contain(segment.P1);
		}
		public void AddLine(Segment2d segment, Style style)
		{
			var segbox = new Segment2dBox(segment);
			Objects.Add(segbox);
			Styles[segbox] = style;
			Bounds.Contain(segment.P0); Bounds.Contain(segment.P1);
		}

		public void AddComplex(PlanarComplex complex)
		{
			Objects.Add(complex);
			Bounds.Contain(complex.Bounds());
		}

		public IOWriteResult Write(string sFilename)
		{
			var current_culture = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;

			try
			{
				// push invariant culture for write
				Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture;

				using (var w = new StreamWriter(sFilename))
				{
					if (w.BaseStream == null)
					{
						return new IOWriteResult(IOCode.FileAccessError, "Could not open file " + sFilename + " for writing");
					}

					write_header_1_1(w);

					foreach (var o in Objects)
					{
						if (o is Polygon2d)
						{
							write_polygon(o as Polygon2d, w);
						}
						else if (o is PolyLine2d)
						{
							write_polyline(o as PolyLine2d, w);
						}
						else if (o is Circle2d)
						{
							write_circle(o as Circle2d, w);
						}
						else if (o is Arc2d)
						{
							write_arc(o as Arc2d, w);
						}
						else if (o is Segment2dBox)
						{
							write_line(o as Segment2dBox, w);
						}
						else if (o is DGraph2)
						{
							write_graph(o as DGraph2, w);
						}
						else if (o is PlanarComplex)
						{
							write_complex(o as PlanarComplex, w);
						}
						else
						{
							throw new Exception("SVGWriter.Write: unknown object type " + o.GetType().ToString());
						}
					}

					w.WriteLine("</svg>");
				}

				// restore culture
				Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = current_culture;
				return IOWriteResult.Ok;

			}
			catch (Exception e)
			{
				Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = current_culture;
				return new IOWriteResult(IOCode.WriterError, "Unknown error : exception : " + e.Message);
			}
		}

		public static void QuickWrite(List<GeneralPolygon2d> polygons, string sPath, double line_width = 1)
		{
			var writer = new SVGWriter();
			var outer_cw = SVGWriter.Style.Outline("black", 2 * (float)line_width);
			var outer_ccw = SVGWriter.Style.Outline("green", 2 * (float)line_width);
			var inner = SVGWriter.Style.Outline("red", (float)line_width);
			foreach (GeneralPolygon2d poly in polygons)
			{
				if (poly.Outer.IsClockwise)
				{
					writer.AddPolygon(poly.Outer, outer_cw);
				}
				else
				{
					writer.AddPolygon(poly.Outer, outer_ccw);
				}

				foreach (var hole in poly.Holes)
				{
					writer.AddPolygon(hole, inner);
				}
			}
			writer.Write(sPath);
		}

		public static void QuickWrite(DGraph2 graph, string sPath, double line_width = 1)
		{
			var writer = new SVGWriter();
			var style = SVGWriter.Style.Outline("black", (float)line_width);
			writer.AddGraph(graph, style);
			writer.Write(sPath);
		}

		public static void QuickWrite(List<GeneralPolygon2d> polygons1, string color1, float width1,
									  List<GeneralPolygon2d> polygons2, string color2, float width2,
									  string sPath)
		{
			var writer = new SVGWriter();
			var style1 = SVGWriter.Style.Outline(color1, width1);
			var style1_holes = SVGWriter.Style.Outline(color1, width1 / 2);
			foreach (GeneralPolygon2d poly in polygons1)
			{
				writer.AddPolygon(poly.Outer, style1);
				foreach (var hole in poly.Holes)
				{
					writer.AddPolygon(hole, style1_holes);
				}
			}
			var style2 = SVGWriter.Style.Outline(color2, width2);
			var style2_holes = SVGWriter.Style.Outline(color2, width2 / 2);
			foreach (GeneralPolygon2d poly in polygons2)
			{
				writer.AddPolygon(poly.Outer, style2);
				foreach (var hole in poly.Holes)
				{
					writer.AddPolygon(hole, style2_holes);
				}
			}
			writer.Write(sPath);
		}

		protected virtual Vector2d MapPt(Vector2d v)
		{
			if (FlipY)
			{
				return new Vector2d(v.x, Bounds.Min.y + (Bounds.Max.y - v.y));
			}
			else
			{
				return v;
			}
		}

		void write_header_1_1(StreamWriter w)
		{
			var b = new StringBuilder();

			b.Append("<svg ");
			b.Append("version=\"1.1\" ");
			b.Append("xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" ");
			b.Append("xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ");
			b.Append("x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" ");
			b.Append(string.Format("viewBox=\"{0} {1} {2} {3}\" ",
								   Math.Round(Bounds.Min.x - BoundsPad, Precision),
								   Math.Round(Bounds.Min.y - BoundsPad, Precision),
								   Math.Round(Bounds.Width + 2 * BoundsPad, Precision),
								   Math.Round(Bounds.Height + 2 * BoundsPad, Precision)));
			b.Append('>');

			w.WriteLine(b);
		}

		void write_polygon(Polygon2d poly, StreamWriter w)
		{
			var b = new StringBuilder();
			b.Append("<polygon points=\"");
			for (int i = 0; i < poly.VertexCount; ++i)
			{
				Vector2d v = MapPt(poly[i]);
				b.Append(Math.Round(v.x, Precision));
				b.Append(',');
				b.Append(Math.Round(v.y, Precision));
				if (i < poly.VertexCount - 1)
				{
					b.Append(' ');
				}
			}
			b.Append("\" ");
			append_style(b, poly, ref DefaultPolygonStyle);
			b.Append(" />");

			w.WriteLine(b);
		}

		void write_polyline(PolyLine2d poly, StreamWriter w)
		{
			var b = new StringBuilder();
			b.Append("<polyline points=\"");
			for (int i = 0; i < poly.VertexCount; ++i)
			{
				Vector2d v = MapPt(poly[i]);
				b.Append(Math.Round(v.x, Precision));
				b.Append(',');
				b.Append(Math.Round(v.y, Precision));
				if (i < poly.VertexCount - 1)
				{
					b.Append(' ');
				}
			}
			b.Append("\" ");
			append_style(b, poly, ref DefaultPolylineStyle);
			b.Append(" />");

			w.WriteLine(b);
		}

		void write_graph(DGraph2 graph, StreamWriter w)
		{
			string style = get_style(graph, ref DefaultDGraphStyle);

			var b = new StringBuilder();
			foreach (int eid in graph.EdgeIndices())
			{
				Segment2d seg = graph.GetEdgeSegment(eid);
				b.Append("<line ");
				Vector2d p0 = MapPt(seg.P0), p1 = MapPt(seg.P1);
				append_property("x1", p0.x, b, true);
				append_property("y1", p0.y, b, true);
				append_property("x2", p1.x, b, true);
				append_property("y2", p1.y, b, true);
				b.Append(style);
				b.Append(" />");
				b.AppendLine();
			}
			w.WriteLine(b);
		}

		void write_circle(Circle2d circle, StreamWriter w)
		{
			var b = new StringBuilder();
			b.Append("<circle ");
			Vector2d c = MapPt(circle.Center);
			append_property("cx", c.x, b, true);
			append_property("cy", c.y, b, true);
			append_property("r", circle.Radius, b, true);
			append_style(b, circle, ref DefaultCircleStyle);
			b.Append(" />");
			w.WriteLine(b);
		}

		void write_arc(Arc2d arc, StreamWriter w)
		{
			var b = new StringBuilder();
			Vector2d vStart = MapPt(arc.P0);
			Vector2d vEnd = MapPt(arc.P1);
			b.Append("<path ");
			b.Append("d=\"");

			// move to start coordinates
			b.Append("M");
			b.Append(Math.Round(vStart.x, Precision));
			b.Append(",");
			b.Append(Math.Round(vStart.y, Precision));
			b.Append(" ");

			// start arc
			b.Append("A");

			// radii (write twice because this is actually elliptical arc)
			b.Append(Math.Round(arc.Radius, Precision));
			b.Append(",");
			b.Append(Math.Round(arc.Radius, Precision));
			b.Append(" ");

			b.Append("0 ");     // x-axis-rotation

			int large = (arc.AngleEndDeg - arc.AngleStartDeg) > 180 ? 1 : 0;
			int sweep = (arc.IsReversed) ? 1 : 0;
			b.Append(large);
			b.Append(",");
			b.Append(sweep);

			// end coordinates
			b.Append(Math.Round(vEnd.x, Precision));
			b.Append(",");
			b.Append(Math.Round(vEnd.y, Precision));

			b.Append("\" ");     // close path

			append_style(b, arc, ref DefaultArcStyle);

			b.Append(" />");
			w.WriteLine(b);
		}

		void write_line(Segment2dBox segbox, StreamWriter w)
		{
			var seg = (Segment2d)segbox;
			var b = new StringBuilder();
			b.Append("<line ");
			Vector2d p0 = MapPt(seg.P0), p1 = MapPt(seg.P1);
			append_property("x1", p0.x, b, true);
			append_property("y1", p0.y, b, true);
			append_property("x2", p1.x, b, true);
			append_property("y2", p1.y, b, true);
			append_style(b, segbox, ref DefaultLineStyle);
			b.Append(" />");
			w.WriteLine(b);
		}

		void write_complex(PlanarComplex complex, StreamWriter w)
		{
			foreach (var elem in complex.ElementsItr())
			{
				List<IParametricCurve2d> curves = CurveUtils2.Flatten(elem.source);
				foreach (IParametricCurve2d c in curves)
				{
					if (c is Segment2d)
					{
						write_line(new Segment2dBox((Segment2d)c), w);
					}
					else if (c is Circle2d)
					{
						write_circle(c as Circle2d, w);
					}
					else if (c is Polygon2DCurve)
					{
						write_polygon((c as Polygon2DCurve).Polygon, w);
					}
					else if (c is PolyLine2DCurve)
					{
						write_polyline((c as PolyLine2DCurve).Polyline, w);
					}
					else if (c is Arc2d)
					{
						write_arc(c as Arc2d, w);
					}
				}
			}
		}

		void append_property(string name, double val, StringBuilder b, bool trailSpace = true)
		{
			b.Append(name); b.Append("=\"");
			b.Append(Math.Round(val, Precision));
			if (trailSpace)
			{
				b.Append("\" ");
			}
			else
			{
				b.Append("\"");
			}
		}

		void append_style(StringBuilder b, object o, ref Style defaultStyle)
		{
			Style style;
			if (Styles.TryGetValue(o, out style) == false)
			{
				style = defaultStyle;
			}

			b.Append("style=\"");
			b.Append(style.ToString());
			b.Append("\"");
		}
		string get_style(object o, ref Style defaultStyle)
		{
			Style style;
			if (Styles.TryGetValue(o, out style) == false)
			{
				style = defaultStyle;
			}

			return "style=\"" + style.ToString() + "\"";
		}

	}
}


text:
Afghanistan's President denies attempting to extend term beyond constitutional limits
Basic Constitutional Principles AfghanistanAsia
Presidential office said that no decision was made to form a council of leadership, with the president's spokesman saying that President Ashraf Ghani would not stay in office 'even one day' beyond what is mentioned in the constitution. Unconfirmed reports said earlier that president Ghani held meetings with jihadi leaders like Karim Khalili, Mohammad Mohaqqeq, Gulbuddin Hekmatyar and Abdul Rasoul Sayyaf to prevent the next presidential election by establishing a council of leadership combined of the former jihadi leaders. 'Holding the presidential election is imminent and there is no alternative for that,' said Shah Hussain Mortazawi, president Ghani's spokesman, adding that the president is committed to implement the constitution. Massoud Tarashtwal, spokesman for the council of protection and stability has rejected the formation of the council of leadership as 'illogical and against the constitution'. Mortazawi said that the aim of Ghani's meetings with jihadi leaders was to consult the national and international issues, not the formation of the council. 'We have heard that the government is working to establish a council of leadership. We believe in election as a tool of power transferring,' Tarashtwal said. Meanwhile, Kabir Ranjbar, a lawyer and former parliamentarian, said he doesn't think that rumors about the formation of the council of leadership was true. Original Source:
http://menafn.com/1096453910/Afghanistan-President-rejects-council-of-leadershi…


Falin Viltur Blar 1860/2014 is a world map art print from a new body of work by Kristjana S. Williams, created for her Art Cartography exhibition at London's Map House as part of The 2014 London Design Festival.
For this exhibition Kristjana S. Williams brings incredible historical works of art back to life using her eye-catching signature style, by featuring new vibrant digital collages on historical maps of locations such as London and China as well as maps of the world.
string(27) "Falin Viltur Blar 1860/2014"


Among a forest of oaks and brush land, the top of a small hill just outside Presicce, there is the Masseria Pescu dating from the seventeenth century, with its underground oil mill (crusher huge hand-carved into the rock) of much older vintage .
The farm, whose restoration carried out in compliance with the original building and ended in spring 2006, offers a service of B & B, providing guests comfortable Junior Suite (with large double beds) and Lodges with private and shaded veranda entrance, equipped with tables and chairs.
The location of the farm, given its centrality in the territory, you can comfortably walk to the historical center of Preston, and in a few minutes by car the most beautiful beaches in southern Salento, including tourist destinations of significant cultural importance.
From Masseria our guests can enjoy a wide panoramic view in a natural and charming environment with peace and silence. The large private pool available, complete relaxation.
Walking in the woods of the farm, among the scrub trees you can see, in addition to the underground oil mill, even the ancient quarry used to extract tufa, local building material used.
Antica Masseria Pescu are run by a local family, with Bartholomeo and Maria Rosaria, who will welcome you friendly and will be pleased to provide you with useful information on excursions, sports and cultural activities as well as to point out the local around Masseria that offer at fair prices the best of typical dishes from land or sea.


On the Control Pages there is some control over the number that is presented when you make a call out. Normally it is the number you are using, but this can be changed.
Customers are able to pick another number that is on the same account as the presentation number.
We can also set up a secondary presentation number as well which is allowed from your equipment.
Alternatively, staff can set something other than your phone number here. There is a one-off charge for this and we'll need paperwork to prove the number is yours.
You can set the presentation name (which in general will only be sent to other AAISP VoIP customers) on the 'Outgoing' tab of the control panel.


text:
Volvo's PHEVs Will Offer More Range Starting Later This Year
We can thank a more-powerful electric motor and a higher-capacity battery Automotive columnist: Daniel Rufiange , Updated: 2022-01-21
A few months ago, Volvo announced pending improvements to its plug-in hybrids, but there was no confirmation as yet on what we could expect from the carmaker's North American PHEVs. It's now all but confirmed that plug-in Volvos will deliver more power and, above all, more range, starting later in 2022.
Thus, the Recharge versions of the S60, V60 and S90 cars and XC60 and XC90 SUVs will get a more powerful electric motor and a higher-capacity battery. Output is currently at 400 hp with those models (415 with the V60 Polestar variant), but that will increase to 455 hp. As for all-electric range, it should increase by anywhere from 13 to 16 miles (21 to 26 km). However, we'll have to wait for official figures from the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) before that is confirmed.
What we can confirm is that buyers will be happy. Currently, range in electric mode varies between 30-35 km, depending on the model. With the gains, that would put range somewhere in the area of 60 km. Volvo is reportedly using the Extended Range nomenclature to designate and differentiate products with more range, so we're guessing until the "regular" models are sold out.
We will have more details when the vehicles arrive over the course of the year.
Shopicar.com, 100% online, shop for your next car, buy online and get it delivered to you anywhere in Quebec!
Photo: D.Boshouwers
Volvo XC60 Recharge (T8), charging port
Detroit 2022: A 30th Anniversary PHEV Special Edition for...
Jeep this morning unveiled a 30th Anniversary special edition of the 2022 Grand Cherokee 4xe plug-in hybrid variant at the Detroit Auto Show. The first Grand...
2022 Hybrid and Electric Car Guide: The Plug-in Hybrids
Here is the sixth edition of our annual Auto123.com guide to electric vehicles in Canada! We take a look at the plug-in hybrids available in Canada in 2022. ...
2022 Ford Maverick Hybrid: And the Oscar for the Best Ide...
Ford has finally introduced the hybrid version of its Maverick pickup truck, several weeks after the regular version debuted. See what we thought of this var...
Daniel Rufiange
Small Number of Hyundai Santa Fe, Kia Sorento...
Production of the GMC Hummer EV SUV Is Underway
2024 Mercedes-Benz GLE: Notable Changes for t...