Suzanne from Woof Walking always accepts my late night text messages and always works with me and Lili to get things right. I have never met anyone so passionate and caring and willing to help a new fur mommy do things right. Thank you Suzanne and of course a shout out to Alison who takes my Lili for walks and loves her too. – Josie F.
Over the past almost 5 years, Woof Walking & Co have taken care of our Casey girl. Sylvia loves her like she is her own and has never let me down….in 5 years!!! I just have to mention Sylvia's name and Casey gets all excited. Casey loves her daily walks / runs with all her Woof Walking fur buds. I cannot say enough about this wonderful, local business. They are simply the best! – Jackie U.
Woof Walking and Co. has made our lives much easier. We love our 4 month old French Bulldog, Nacho, but unfortunately we can't always be home for him. That's where Cheryl at Woof Walking comes in. On days that we both have to work, Cheryl pays our little guy two visits. She makes sure he gets outside to do his business, gets a treat and most importantly some pets and cuddles. He's a very affectionate pup. Cheryl's attention to detail is remarkable, she makes sure to send pictures from each and every visit and a nice message on how Nacho is doing. This is so comforting to us to know our pup is in such good hands. Cheryl has become a member of our family and we trust her with our Nacho. We can't thank you enough!! – Melissa R.
The Woof team is amazing…they are extremely reliable and accommodating, especially during those times when we need to add in a walk. They are so loving to my handsome boy and he is always wagging his tail when they come to the door. Sylvia is our regular walker and she is great and really cares about the well-being of my dog. On occasion we get Allison and she is wonderful as well…all in all we are extremely happy with the service we get for our very much loved Charlie Brown. – Stephanie C.
I can't say enough about Woof Walking & Co! We recently came back from vacation and once again the care and attention Alison provided for Molly was exceptional! I have the utmost trust in her when we leave and love the daily pictures and updates she sends. We have been loyal customers of Woof Walking & Co for the last three years and honestly don't know what we would do without Suzanne and her team! They have always been extremely responsive and reliable and we would not trust our spoiled Molly with anyone else! – Stephanie J.
We absolutely loved working with Suzanne! From the moment we brought our puppy Finn home, she made us all feel comfortable and as part of the woof walking family! Finn loved his daily group walks and Suzanne immensely! We will miss working with her. Thanks for everything! – Andrea A.
Jill is Murphy's best friend. Every time she comes by he wiggles his tail and you can see the happiness in his eyes. She is professional, personable and really has love for her dogs. We have had an amazing experience with her and can't thank her enough for all the support and walks. Jill is down to earth and we consider her not only to be our dog walker, but our friend and someone that we appreciate from the bottom of our hearts. We love you Jill! – Jay A.
We have been using Woof Walking & Co since we brought our Wheaten puppy, Abby, home in Fall 2014, and now consider Suzanne an extended member of our dog loving family! She is very dependable, and genuinely cares about Abby and her needs. Abby is extremely high energy, and Suzanne is always being creative to try and tire her out, whether it's taking her for a group power walk or throwing the ball around the basement when it's too yucky to go outside. I love getting the daily updates and pictures after her visits, and know she is in great hands when she is with Suzanne. Even when I am working at home, Abby sits crying at the door around the time she's usually picked up, and is SO excited when she hears Suzanne coming – it's adorable! I highly recommend Suzanne and Woof Walking & Co.! – Suzanne H.
Clover and I are delighted to have Woof Walking & Co as part of our family. The special attention, TLC and support of training that Clover has received from Sylvia Shalatski is awesome. I can always count on her to provide a solution to help support my busy schedule for both late evenings at work or appointments and travel during weeks or on weekends. Spending time at Sylvia's home as well as Cheryl Lootsma's home (another wonderful walker at Woof Walking & Co) has been a great experience for Clover and she always returns tuckered out. I am also grateful for the excellent backup support that Alison has provided. Clover sends her love to all of you – complete with puppy kisses, uncontrolled wiggling and tail wagging delight! – Jean R.
I can highly recommend Woof to anyone seeking dog walking and pet sitting services. Ranger has been walked by Jill for over a year now… He loves his daily walks and snuggle time. I love the peace of mind Jill provides me because I know Ranger is in great hands. Jill cares for each of her client's dogs as if they were her own. She is always available for questions (including when she received a frantic text from me one night when Ranger met the neighborhood skunk) and is great to work with. Ranger also recently stayed with Jill for a weekend while I was away. Jill sent status updates and pictures of Ranger having a blast with her dog Ruby. We love Jill and Woof Walking and Co and can highly recommend their services! – Lindsey W.
We recently moved to Acton, and Woof Walkers were referred to me by a friend who recently moved into the area as well. Pam is responsible, dependable and very easy to deal with. We now have peace of mind while we are at work each day our pups are getting some fresh air and exercise, and I love the facebook updates each night. Thank you! – Lindsay B.
Pam has been walking Dawson now for a few months and I can't tell you what a relief it is to know that she not only takes him for a wonderful walk, but really cares for him like he was her own dog! When I moved to the area, I was worried about whether I would find someone that I could trust to take care of my furry boy, but I have no worries with Pam. Dawson loves her and Pam is so good at giving me updates about him…she even tells me when his poops are a little runny!! LOL! I'm so grateful for Pam! – Lisa W.
Our family began receiving Sylvia's service in September, 2014. Prior to her involvement, our dog, Cleo, was receiving suboptimal care from the previous dog-walker, who was unreliable and never stayed for the full time she was being paid. Now that Cleo is visited by Sylvia, we have great trust and comfort in knowing that Cleo is actually having her thirty minute walk each day. Cleo absolutely adores Sylvia and playing with her doggy friends 'Riggins' and 'Zircon'! We greatly appreciate the pictures and status updates that are sent daily, as well as Sylvia's flexibility with our ever-changing, crazy schedules. We also love the constant updates on the website and being able to see the adorable faces of the entire woof-pack. We would without a doubt recommend the services of Sylvia and Woof Walking and Co. to everyone that loves their pets! – Leslie C.
Wanted to let you know how much my husband I enjoy your dependable service in taking care of our new puppy. Meagan has been awesome, we enjoy the daily notes and the photos you send are proof that Spencer really enjoys the service as well! It puts our mind at ease to know he gets a break and some TLC a couple times a day. Thank you. – Stephanie & Darcy B.
We have had the greatest experience with Woof Walking and Co. Sharky has been getting puppy visits for the last three months and the service has been excellent! Jill is reliable, professional, and always gives us tips and suggestions on how to help Sharky. We definitely appreciate all the pictures posted on Facebook as well as daily text updates with each visit. Even after hours, Jill will give advice via text or phone if there are any concerns. She is also extremely flexible if your schedule changes last minute and you need a last minute puppy visit. We are so happy with Woof Walking and would recommend this company to anyone! – Joanna T.
We are very grateful for the services Woof Walking provides for our rapidly growing puppy. It puts our minds at ease knowing that she is getting lots of love, attention and a potty break at Pam's visits. We also love the pictures Pam takes – she's awesome!! – Tammy G.
We have been loving our puppy visits with Jill! Knowing that Cooper has a visitor in the day to get outside, have some snuggles and a little potty break gives us such peace of mind. Whenever Jill arrives Cooper goes crazy with excitement, it is clear he looks forward to seeing her everyday. As new puppy parents, it is nice to have someone to message with questions about his behaviour or eating habits and Jill always replies quickly and thoughtfully. His daily photos on facebook have my whole family following Woof Walking and co.! We would totally recommend Jill and the ladies at Woof to anyone! Thanks. – Tina, Devon & Cooper M.
We could not ask for a better dog walking service! Sylvia has been amazing with our boy Mac and I know he looks forward to their daily walks together. Sylvia goes above and beyond any expectations we had from a dog walking company. She recognizes Mac's birthday and other special events with treats that I know Mac goes crazy over. This just confirms without a doubt that this is the best company to be with. We cannot thank her and all of Woof Walking & Co for everything they do. Myself, my father and Mac are lucky to have them. – Danielle and Jon S.
In September 2013, we got an amazing little Springer puppy named Cam. We knew we needed to find extra help during the day to walk and let out our little guy and we were worried about where we could find a reputable, trust worthy person who would care for him just as we would. We didn't have to look very long when we found Sylvia of Woof Walking & Co. Since then we haven't had to worry about Cam. Cam adores Sylvia and so do we. She not only cares for our dog but has helped us many times with things around the house; when we forgot to close the garage door and when packages are left on our front step. When we go on vacation Cam has the most amazing place to stay where he becomes part of Sylvia's family. We can't thank Sylvia and Woof Walking enough for all they do. We so appreciate how flexible Sylvia is as our schedules can sometimes change very quickly. We would highly recommend Woof Walking and there services to anyone looking for care for their pets. There really is no one else we'd rather trust our pets and our home to. Thank you for all you do. – Erin W.
This coming June my husband and I moved to Milton 1 year ago, time flies! We brought our much loved Old English Sheep Dog, Jenny with us. We worried as to how to manage our long days away at work and Jenny's love for company. Lou discovered Woof Walking & Co. online and contacted them. Sylvia and Suzanne arranged for us all to meet and get acquainted. For the past year Sylvia has become a wonderful friend to us and is much loved by Jenny…Jenny misses her best buddy on the weekends.At our first meeting I was impressed with the ease both ladies had answering our questions and making suggestions for what would work best for Jenny. Joining up with the team is the best decision we ever made and I know Jenny would agree!! Thank you ladies for all you do!! Warm Regards – Sue and Lou M.
The service that we have received from Suzanne of Woof Walking & Co. has exceeded our expectations and has been more than what we could have asked for from a dog walking company. She started with puppy sitting for our French Bulldog Zoe seven months ago and has really helped us with raising her. Suzanne is very professional and reliable and has been extremely helpful and flexible with dates and with accommodating last-minute requests. She provides daily updates and photos after every visit to keep our minds at ease. We have been pleasantly surprised on numerous occasions where she has gone out of her way to give gifts to Zoe. At Christmas she even made Zoe her own personal photo album of all the pictures she had taken of her since she started.
Its been well over a year since our former dogwalker moved away from Milton, we were quite devastated when we heard she was leaving. But that feeling quickly melted away when we met Suzanne of Woof Walking & Co. Not only did she take on walks with Ruby, our goldendoodle, but she took on the entire pack of doodles that Ruby had been walking with since she was a puppy!… how amazing is that! A year later they are still together every day, and Ruby adores her buddies and is crazy about Suzanne. The Woof Walking & Co. team is reliable, flexible, deeply caring and we trust them with our home and our most loved family members. Suzanne calls if she's concerned about something, takes Ruby to the groomer, and has on occasion even picked her up afterwards, and we come home to a happy, fluffy, clean doodle!
I cannot say enough good things about Woof Walking and Co, specifically Suzanne, she has been an angel to me. 100% reliable, and I have no doubts that my puppy is in good hands with her. I work some undesirable hours, extra shifts, and she has been available to me around the clock. The first day I met Suzanne, I knew immediately she was the one I wanted to look after my pup when I am not home to do so. I trust her with the keys to my home, and have no doubt she is there because she loves animals so much. She is always available by phone, I receive pictures and videos throughout her visits with Maddie, that make me smile. Not only does she provide me with peace of mind coming to work for 12 hours a day, but I know that I can call on her for anything!
One day I was stuck at work and my lunch was changed, I couldn't get home, and Suzanne was able to make a visit at the very last minute. Suzanne is professional in providing me with articles that relate to nipping, and things that I could do to assist through the teething stage. She reinforces the commands that I use for training. I have met some amazing people through Suzanne as well in the dog community, who have amazing suggestions for different stages that Maddie will go through. Maddie has made such amazing progress with credit to Suzanne and Woof Walking and Co. They have become not only my Dog Walking Service, but a member of my family. My dog absolutely loves Suzanne, and so do I. Thank you for bearing through those cold temperatures, to ensure Maddie gets some fresh air and play time. Thank you for all you do! – Jennifer S.
I've been impressed with Woof Walking & Co since my first interaction. Sylvia was a tremendous help in getting my new dog settled in the home and truly understands that pets are part of the family. She provides superior service from quick responses to inquiries, flexibility with scheduling and added extra touches like cute photos and daily updates. I would highly recommend Woof Walking to care for your furry friends like one of their own. – Kelly C.
We use Woof Walking's Dog Sitting service. Our Golden Cooper now has a safe and happy home away from home to enjoy while we are away on vacation or just out for the night. Sylvia is fantastic she sends us text messages of Cooper relaxing around her home or learning a new trick or having a nap after a playing with her pup Riggins. Cooper is too nervous to spend time in a loud kennel and before Woof Walking we did not have anywhere to send him if needed. Sylvia has been nothing but professional with us regarding Cooper's care and we love that her whole family has a love for dogs. We never worry about him when away and that is a great feeling! – Kelly S.
I highly recommend Woof Walking & Co. They are wonderful people, reliable and great with our fur babies. It gives us a piece of mind knowing that our Romeo is taken care of when we are out.- Michelle R.
Woof Walking & Co are simply the best! They are flexible, responsible and accommodating but most of all amazing with our Dexter! He lights up when he sees Sylvia. Thanks for taking such great care of Dex, you guys rock! – Audra T.
When we met Sylvia and Suzanne, we immediately knew that they were passionate about what they did and that they deeply cared about every dog they visited. We had no doubt that they were THE company we wanted to use. Since we have made our choice, I cannot stop telling everyone how great they are!
We also had the chance to use WW&CO.'s services when we left for a vacation, Sylvia looked after Abby like she was her own puppy and sent us some updates during the trip. She also made home visits to look after my cat Juniper, it just made it so easy for us and our mind were completely at peace.
We are so over joyed with the level of service that Woof Walking Co has offered our dog Diego! After a few walkers turned away from our dog because he's a bit shy, Sylvia put in the time to get to know our dog and we were amazed at how quickly he took to his new walker. We wholeheartedly recommend and endorse Woof Walking Co as we have not seen this level of enthusiasm and dedication anywhere else. – Blake P.
Woof Walking is a great service! They are so flexible in adapting to my schedule and responsive to my requests. I love the daily updates and the great up-to-the-minute photos showing how my puppy is doing. And most importantly, Scout LOVES them. I would recommend Woof Walking to anyone whose pet is looking for another friend! – Elaine R.
I have only been a customer of Woof Walking for about a month now. But in that short time they have been such loving and caring people to my dog Maho. From personal calls, to special treats and photos, I know my boy is being cared for and loved as much as I would do if I were home. Maho has had some serious health issues in the last month and Woof Walking has really stepped up to the plate with the extra care and attention they are giving him. I know he is in very capable hands when I am not able to be with him. I thank Woof Walking for giving me the peace of mind that my pet is in great hands. Thank you very much. – Linda S.
The team at Woof Walking & Co have been visiting Casey (who joined our family at the tender age of 2 months old) twice a day. Sylvia has been wonderful and Casey just loves her. I was anxious going to work the first week and my nerves were completely put to rest as Sylvia sends me messages every day when visiting Casey letting me know how she is doing and also attaches a picture! It is wonderful to know that Casey receives such great care while I am away. I am also really happy to find that Woof Walking will provide boarding in their home for Casey when we are away on vacation later this year. It is great to have the option to put Casey into someone's home, who she knows already, rather than having to send her to a kennel.THANK YOU WOOF WALKING FOR LOVING OUR PUPPY! – Jackie U.
I have had the wonderful privilege of knowing Suzanne for several months, yet she seems like part of our family. I've been in different cities the last 2 years and my biggest concern has been to find a caring person to come into my home and walk my giant schnoodle. He is 85 pounds of happy energy and it takes a special kind of person to manage him. I wanted someone who was kind and compassionate, who loved animals and who I would trust. Yes, the person would have a key to my home but more important than my things is my Max. Suzanne stands out as someone who strives to do her best in all she does. Her sweet and caring disposition is genuine. I can't say enough how grateful we are to have found her. – Linda B.
We have been overjoyed with the level of service we've received from Woof Walking. We know that Chelsea will always be in good hands, and will be exhausted by time we get home every day! It's nice to see that Chelsea is as excited to see Suzanne as she is to see us. We know we can count on her to take care of our dog as if it was hers. Thank you for everything! – Michael & Jacqueline D.


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Tag: Truehope Nutritional Support
The Crown appeals Justice Clackson's brain dead ruling acquitting David and Collet Stephan
Orac October 16, 2019
Good news in the case of Ezekiel Stephan! The Crown has decided to appeal the acquittal of David and Collet Stephan.
Justice Clackson and his miscarriage of justice in the acquittal of David and Collet Stephan
Orac October 7, 2019
On September 19, in a retrial ordered by the Supreme Court of Canada, Alberta Justice Terry Clackson issued a ruling acquitting David and Collet Stephan of failing to provide the necessities of life to their son Ezekiel, whose bacterial meningitis they had chosen to treat with quackery instead of medicine, leading to his death in 2012. The news reports showed that this was a very bad decision, but you have to read Justice Clackson's actual decision to see that it's an even worse decision than the news reports indicate, full of bad medicine, bad science, and even a hint of …
The Supreme Court of Canada grants a new trial to the parents who let Ezekiel Stephan die
Orac May 16, 2018
David and Collet Stephan were convicted in 2016 for failure to provide the necessities of life for their son Ezekiel Stephan, who died of bacterial meningitis after his parents treated him with natural remedies, supplements, and naturopathy. Unfortunately, as a result of their appeal, the Canadian Supreme Court has granted them a new trial. Predictably, they are claiming vindication. The verdict is nothing of the sort. The Stephans got off on a technicality, but this ruling will serve as propaganda for quacks for years to come.
Quackery and "wellness": The case of David and Collet Stephan and their son Ezekiel
Orac February 13, 2018
David and Collet Stephan stand convicted of not having provided their son Ezekiel with essential medical care, which led to his death from meningitis. None of this stopped the "wellness" industry from featuring David as a speaker at its expos; that is, until it started causing bad publicity. When that happened, Stephan was unceremoniously dumped. But the quackery in "wellness" remains unchanged.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Officials React To Economic Crisis By Banning Witchcraft
Amid spikes in unemployment and energy prices, the government in recent months has moved to curb civil liberties. Its latest target, however, is an eye-catcher: witchcraft.
UN Opens Regional Diplomacy Center In Turkmenistan
Central Asia is rich in history, oil, and gas -- and troubled by security risks, organized crime, narcotics trafficking, and extremism. In response to those threats, the United Nations this week launched a center for diplomacy in Ashgabat intended to help the region tackle its challenges before they spiral out of control.
A Watershed In EU Human Rights Policy?
Central Asia has become a testing ground for a more hard-nosed EU foreign policy, which -- if successful -- could be here to stay for the long term, says our Brussels correpondent.
Tajik Officials Call Dushanbe Explosion A Terrorist Act
November 14, 2007 (RFE/RL) -- A man was killed in an explosion early today near a government building in the Tajik capital, Dushanbe, in an incident the authorities are treating as a terror attack, RFE/RL's Tajik Service reported.
UN Refugee Chief Visits Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan
Antonio Guterres (file) (epa) November 11, 2007 (RFE/RL) -- UN High Commissioner for Refugees Antonio Guterres has arrived in Kyrgyzstan on his first visit to Central Asia since he started as the head of the UN's refugee agency in 2005.
Central Asia Looks To Build New 'Silk Roads'
The $18.7 billion program will result in new roads and rail links. (RFE/RL) November 3, 2007 (RFE/RL) -- Eight member countries of the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) program have agreed to a strategy to improve Central Asia's transport infrastructure.
Tajikistan's Much-Needed Electricity Stalled In Uzbekistan
November 2, 2007 (RFE/RL) -- When the Tajik and Turkmen presidents met in Dushanbe last month for a Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) summit in Dushanbe, they announced that Tajikistan was going to import electricity from Turkmenistan to help to solve its winter energy crisis.
Tajik Officials Ban Jehovah's Witnesses, Baptists
DUSHANBE, October 23, 2007 (RFE/RL) -- The Tajik government has suspended activities by Jehovah's Witnesses in the country because of their refusal to serve in the military, RFE/RL's Tajik Service reported.
Labor Migrants Face Abuse, Xenophobia
Russia and Kazakhstan benefit from an influx of cheap labor from Central Asian countries, but migrants often face xenophobia, discrimination, or worse.
Road's Completion Would Benefit Entire Region
Financing is in place and construction is expected to begin soon on the last remaining section of the "Ring Road," a highway that loops the rugged mountain terrain and sparsely populated countryside to connect major cities.
Making Sense Of Post-Soviet Alphabet Soup
CIS, CSTO, GUAM. The dizzying assortment of regional alliances -- together with their perplexing acronyms -- is one of the legacies of the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Tajik Region Bans Youths From Attending Prayers
Tajikistan's Muslim clergy have come under pressure from the authorities (RFE/RL) October 10, 2007 (RFE/RL) -- Authorities in southern Tajikistan have instructed local mosque leaders not to allow school-aged boys to attend prayers.


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Q: Haskell parse expression Hi I got a code like this:
data Digit = Zero | One | Two | Three | Four | Five | Six | Seven | Eight |
             Nine
             deriving (Eq, Show)

data Number = Single Digit | Many Digit Number deriving (Eq, Show)

data Expr = Lit Number
          | Sub Expr
          | Sum Expr Expr
          | Mul Expr Expr
          deriving (Eq, Show)

So the idea with this code is to have a string, like * + 2 3 * 2 + 6 - 2, which will be represented as ((2 + 3) * (2 * (6 - 2))), and then use this to put parts of the string in there types. And of course at the end find the result, in this case 40. The problem is that I don't know much about parsing, so I really don't know how I could parse an expression like this. I have seen some simple parsing where strings are been parsed into types, like person or something. But I think this is a bit more complex. If anyone have any suggestions, I would be really interested.

A: While sophisticated parsing libraries exist for Haskell, and would be great for this task, your input format is simple enough that it's not too imposing to parse by hand, with a recursive function consuming the input and returning both a parsed expression and the remainder of the string to continue parsing.
Here's a skeleton of what it would look like:
parse :: String -> (String, Expr)
parse (' ':more) = parse more
parse ('-':more) = let (remainder, e) = parse more
                   in (remainder, Sub e)
parse ('+':more) = undefined -- TODO
parse ('*':more) = undefined -- TODO
parse s@(num:more) | isDigit num = parseNumber s
parse s = error ("unexpected input: " ++ s)

parseNumber :: String -> (String, Expr)
parseNumber s = undefined

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


BACK ON THE MARKET DUE TO BUYER NOT PERFORMING. This fabulous 3 bedroom and 2 bathroom home features beautiful interior with lovely upgrades and waiting for you to just move-in. Great open floor plan concept; hallway entry; large living room with wood burn fireplace; formal dining area; new modern style laminate flooring; lovely kitchen with new efficient cabinets, granite counter top, new stove, new dishwasher, new water heater, large windows for an abundance of natural light and much more. The home has 3 large bedrooms; two upgraded bathrooms, newly remodeled kitchen, and laundry room. Additional features include new LED recessed lighting, new copper plumbing, new central A/C system and a 2 car detached garage. The backyard has a BBQ area, lovely pool and plenty of room to entertain. This modern traditional home is perfect for any buyer and close to shops and restaurants.


text:
Alhafdee, A., Abbas, H., Shahadi, H. (2022). Sign Language Recognition and Hand Gestures Review. , 2(4), 192-316.
Atyaf Hekmat Alhafdee; Hawraa Abbas; Haider Ismael Shahadi. "Sign Language Recognition and Hand Gestures Review". , 2, 4, 2022, 192-316.
Alhafdee, A., Abbas, H., Shahadi, H. (2022). 'Sign Language Recognition and Hand Gestures Review', , 2(4), pp. 192-316.
Alhafdee, A., Abbas, H., Shahadi, H. Sign Language Recognition and Hand Gestures Review. , 2022; 2(4): 192-316.
Sign Language Recognition and Hand Gestures Review
Kerbala Journal for Engineering Science
Article 2, Volume 2, Issue 4, Autumn 2022, Page 192-316 PDF (684 K)
Atyaf Hekmat Alhafdee 1; Hawraa Abbas2; Haider Ismael Shahadi3
1General Directorate of Education in Karbala Department of School Buildings
2Electrical and Electronics Department, College of Engineering, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq.
3Electrical and Electronic department, College of Engineering, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq.
Deaf people use movements and physical expressions to reveal their ideas and feelings to their world. These expressions are called 'sign language', and like natural languages, there are many forms of signs worldwide. Deaf use one or two hands and sometimes use other body parts like the head, lips or eyes. Their gestures are by either static or dynamic hands, and they are a bit of complicated language. Therefore, other people need to understand the meaning of each of these signs and gestures to communicate with the Deaf community successfully. Human-computer interaction is an effective tool and an excellent trend to facilitate the communication and comprehension of the different sign languages used worldwide. The research community has tried to review the most important techniques and models used in deciphering and understanding sign languages. Every new research effort is directed towards improving these ways of communication. Some proposed models dealt with isolated signs, and others focused on continuous signs. This article represents a summary of multiple comprehensive reviews that studied different literature conducted on sign language recognition. The discussion in this review focuses on the systems and approaches that only deal with static hand gesture recognition. This work aims to provide a guide for researchers and practitioners to relate their work to existing research and gain insights into what their work can contribute to the field.
Sign language review; feature extraction; Feature selection; Deep Learning; static hand recognition
[1] K. P. Nimisha and A. Jacob, "A Brief Review of the Recent Trends in Sign Language Recognition," Proc. 2020 IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. Signal Process. ICCSP 2020, pp. 186–190, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ICCSP48568.2020.9182351.
[2] A. Ghotkar, "Study of Vision Based Hand Gesture Recognition Using," vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 96–115, 2014.
[3] M. A. Almasre and H. Al-Nuaim, "A comparison of Arabic sign language dynamic gesture recognition models," Heliyon, vol. 6, no. 3, p. e03554, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03554.
[4] V. Bheda and D. Radpour, "Using Deep Convolutional Networks for Gesture Recognition in American Sign Language," 2017, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1710.06836.
[5] M. Sanzidul Islam, S. Sultana Sharmin Mousumi, N. A. Jessan, A. Shahariar Azad Rabby, and S. Akhter Hossain, "Ishara-Lipi: The First Complete MultipurposeOpen Access Dataset of Isolated Characters for Bangla Sign Language," 2018 Int. Conf. Bangla Speech Lang. Process. ICBSLP 2018, no. September, pp. 1–4, 2018, doi: 10.1109/ICBSLP.2018.8554466.
[6] R. S. Sabeenian, S. Sai Bharathwaj, and M. Mohamed Aadhil, "Sign language recognition using deep learning and computer vision," J. Adv. Res. Dyn. Control Syst., vol. 12, no. 5 Special Issue, pp. 964–968, 2020, doi: 10.5373/JARDCS/V12SP5/20201842.
[7] U. M. Butt et al., "Feature based algorithmic analysis on American sign language dataset," Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 583–589, 2019, doi: 10.14569/ijacsa.2019.0100575.
[8] J. Ekbote and M. Joshi, "A Survey on Hand Gesture Recognition for Indian Sign Language," pp. 1039–1044, 2016.
[9] H. Mahmud, M. M. Morshed, and M. K. Hasan, "A Deep Learning-based Multimodal Depth-Aware Dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition System," 2021, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2107.02543.
[10] S. Nadgeri, "An Analytical study of signs used in Baby Sign Language using MobileNet Framework."
[11] M. A. Ahmed, B. B. Zaidan, A. A. Zaidan, M. M. Salih, and M. M. Bin Lakulu, "A review on systems-based sensory gloves for sign language recognition state of the art between 2007 and 2017," Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 18, no. 7, 2018, doi: 10.3390/s18072208.
[12] M. J. Cheok, Z. Omar, and M. H. Jaward, "A review of hand gesture and sign language recognition techniques," Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 131–153, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s13042-017-0705-5.
[13] "Low-Cost Glove Wirelessly Tran [IMAGE] | EurekAlert! Science News Releases." [Online]. Available: https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/566594.
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After appearing on The Celebrity Apprentice 3 and donating the check for $20,000 he received to Feeding America, Curtis Stone is often referred to by fans as 'The Quiet Terminator.' The nickname is appropriate in that the Australian chef's success—and his philanthropic nature—sneaks up on you. After appearing on practically every other reality-based TV show of note, from the Iron Chef to Top Chef to Around the World in 80 Plates, Stone penned a cookbook and opened two of L.A.'s most lauded concept restaurants, Maude and Gwen (named, adorably, after his grandmothers). Still, he manages to nd time to give back—with a charming smile on his face—by working with the likes of the National Young Farmers Coalition, as he did in 2016, for partnering with star chefs like Mike Lata, Dominique Crenn and Michael Anthony on a series of fundraising dinners. He partners with a different organization each year to make a bigger impact. 'Quiet Terminator,' indeed.
Giada De Laurentiis is as giving as she is beautiful. The Italian-born Los Angeles resident, Emmy Award winner and Culinary Hall of Fame inductee has followed in the ambitious footsteps of her Hollywood lm producer grandfather Dino De Laurentiis, working as a television host, author and entrepreneur—she founded the catering business GDL Foods—while also opening her first official restaurant in Las Vegas, the aptly-named Italian eatery, Giada. Her charitable list is just as impressive. In addition to working with Alex's Lemonade Stand, The Pink Party breast cancer research fundraiser, the American Heart Association and Stand Up to Cancer, she donated a garden to an elementary school in the inner city Los Angeles district of Compton.
The two-time James Beard Foundation Award winner is not a man who lets moss grow under his feet in any way, shape or form. Alongside restaurateur Nick Valenti, Joachim Splichal is the co-owner of the Patina Group, with 16 restaurants in Los Angeles alone—including his lauded downtown ne dining eatery Patina, Nick & Stef's Steakhouse, and Ray's and Stark Bar at LAC- MA—as well as another nine in Orange County. He is also the man behind Patina Catering Group, which, for the past 21 years, has been responsible for serving the most amount of people in one sitting—and at the Em- my's Governors Ball, no less (meaning over 8,000 guests, thanks to three back-to-back balls this year)! Splichal is also very active philanthropically, providing funds, food, and his presence to various charitable organizations and events around the country. He gives to many outlets, in- cluding the Keck School of Medicine of USC for atrial brillation research and the Chefs' Tribute to Citymeals on Wheels. The German-born chef supports numerous arts and social service organizations as well, including the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the Los Ange- les Public Library, the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles and the Center Theater Group.
José Andrés is a powerhouse across the board. In addition to appearing on several TV shows and his award-winning group of restaurants (including Los Angeles staples, Tres by José Andrés and The Bazaar at the SLS Beverly Hills), plus a food truck, this two-time James Beard Foundation Award-winning Spanish chef is one of the most philanthropic in his industry. Besides founding World Central Kitchen and chairing L.A. Central Kitchen and DC Central Kitchen, he was a spokesperson for the soon-to-be former First Lady Michelle Obama's 'Let's Move' anti-obesity campaign and works with American Chef Corps, Schools Without Walls, and Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves. Andrés has been recognized for his philanthropic nature by some of the most notable organizations in the world: he was one of 12 recipients of the 2015 National Humanities Medal award from the National Endowment for the Humanities, received the Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute's Chair's Medallion Award and the McCall-Pierpaoli Humanitarian Award, and was even named an Outstanding American by Choice by President Obama. He is a true inspiration.
Michael Voltaggio is famous for winning the sixth season of Top Chef, but pardon our cheese when we say he's a winner in so many other ways. The owner of L.A.'s feted ink. and the artisanal sandwich concept, Sack Sandwiches, is also the co-founder—along with his brother Bryan Voltaggio and fellow Maryland natives Ben Feldman and Duff Goldman—of Crab Cake LA, an annual event from which all proceeds benefit one chosen non-profit each year (this past summer's west coast crab cookout benefited Chrysalis, which is dedicated to creating a pathway to self-sufficiency for homeless and low-income individuals). Additionally, Voltaggio is an active supporter of the L.A. chapter of Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation, participating in the annual L.A. Loves Alex's Lemonade fundraising event. He also works with Share Our Strength's No Kid Hungry campaign to fight childhood hunger, and has teamed up with its members on multiple projects, including their latest collaboration with Williams-Sonoma to design a custom spatula, with 30% of proceeds going to benefit the initiative.
Rick Bayless, the man behind L.A.'s trendy Mexican-fusion Red O restaurants, also co-founded the Frontera Farmer Foundation with his wife, Deann Groen Bayless. The sole focus of the foundation, which they started in 2003, is to provide small Midwest family farmers with capital development grants of up to $12,000, awarding nearly $2 million dollars since its inception. The non-profit is run on a completely volunteer basis, so every penny raised throughout the year goes right to farmers and not administrators. The couple is also responsible for The Frontera Scholarship, funded by the donations of Bayless' speaking fees, which sends students from Mexican-American Chicago public schools to Kendall College on full rides.
Susan Feniger, chef, restaurateur, cookbook author, and radio and TV personality, famous for initiating the L.A. street food movement with her Border Grill eatery, believes that philanthropy is haute, haute, haute! She has been a board member of the Scleroderma Research Foundation since 1982, when her college roommate was diagnosed with the disease—even starting the Cool Comedy-Hot Cuisine event, supported by some of the biggest names in comedy, including the late Robin Williams, Jerry Seinfeld, Jay Leno and Jon Stewart, to raise funds for research. She has also served on the board of the L.A. LGBT Center for the last ten years and calls fighting for equal rights in the workplace and equality in marriage causes that are "very near and dear to my heart." Furthermore, Feniger helps to raise money and awareness for Human Rights Campaign, Chefs Collaborative, Women Chefs and Restaurateurs, Children's Bureau, Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation, L.A. Food Bank, Meals on Wheels, Planned Parenthood, Environmental Media Association and Autism Speaks, among others.
There's no other way around it: Suzanne Goin is a powerhouse across the board. When the three-time James Beard Foundation Award winner (including the biggest award of them all in 2016, Outstanding Chef) isn't managing one of the many restaurants she co-owns with business partner Caroline Styne—including Lucques, a.o.c., Tavern, The Larder at Burton Way—or the three Southern California locations of The Hungry Cat, the restaurant she co-owns with chef husband David Lentz, it's safe to say that she's regularly giving back. Alongside Lentz and Styne, she is the tour de force behind the annual L.A. Loves Alex's Lemonade Stand charity event, where the three gather their A-list chef friends to serve gourmet fare in the name of Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation, an organization dedicated to eradicating childhood cancer. Goin also works with The Edible Schoolyard, Lunch Matters, Planned Parenthood, No Kid Hungry, Supermoms Against Superbugs and World Food Day.
Chef, restaurateur, businessman and occasional actor Wolfgang Puck has built an empire on the strength of his name, founding three separate entities in Wolfgang Puck Fine Dining Group, Wolfgang Puck Catering and Wolfgang Puck Worldwide, Inc. He owns a plethora of restaurants around the globe, although his fine dining L.A. institutions—Spago, Wolfgang Puck at Hotel Bel-Air, CUT and WP24—are among the most beloved in his portfolio. The Austrian chef also famously puts his money where his mouth is, donating to and working with various organizations, including Keep Memory Alive, Meals on Wheels, Make-A-Wish Foundation, Second Harvest Food Bank, Chefs to End Hunger, Race to Erase MS, and Food Lifeline.
Suzanne Tracht is the real deal. The owner of Los Angeles' Jar restaurant hasn't let success go to her head, despite her infamous turn on Top Chef Masters. Instead, she consistently serves up some of the best fare in Southern California. In light of the success that cooking has brought her, Tracht also believes in giving back to her community. In 2009, she donated to SOVA, a community food and resources program of Jewish Family Service of L.A., the $10,000 prize she won from her stint on Top Chef. She continues her work with SOVA, as well as other important causes, such as the Cedars-Sinai Women's Heart Center, Inner City Arts, Ultimate Peace, L.A. Loves Alex's Lemonade, Cultivate L.A., Simply diVine, Saban Community Clinic and Project Angel Food.


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The Salem Witch Trials, the Crucible, and McCarthyism
1677 Words7 Pages
Historical Overview and Brief Analysis
Amidst millenniums of debate, argument, and conflict concerning racial prejudges and those issues which surround their implementation, there has consistently existed a certain historical prejudice regarding various stereotypical ideas for those things which people cannot understand or explain logically. While more contemporary examples of such circumstances include concepts such as McCarthyism, it is generally accepted that the most classic example of all such social tragedies based on fear and ignorance is that of the colonial era's Salem Witch Trials.
While McCarthyism was illustrated as a widespread fear of communism that led the United States to pursue unnecessary investigations, imprisonments, and often unprovoked acts against those who were often only remotely accused of being a "dreaded communist", the Salem witch trials led to well over a dozen executions of local women accused of practicing witchcraft and directly associating themselves with "evil magic". Although the two historical periods were parallel in their nature and content, it can be argued the much earlier witch trials were the more severely inhumane and irrational as they rendered a constant trend of senseless deaths with little or no justice ever prevailing.
The Salem witch trials were held during the year 1692 in Salem, Massachusetts Bay Colony. Beginning in May of that year, the proceedings led to the hanging deaths of nineteen suspected witches and the imprisonment of many others over the five months that would follow. The courtroom episodes of those being tried for witchery were complete, and utter travesties of justice. Women were actually
considered guilty as accused until proven innocent. In addition to the known hangings, other cruel forms of punishment such as the burning of "witches" on a
stake and the slow torturous human crushings by brick are evidenced to have existed as Salem's "justice" for their alleged witches. (Brown., Pages 37-41;43).
That which is said to have initiated the trials and related hysteria has become an historical irony in our time and is the subject of many contemporary jokes and theatrical performances. Caused by the accusations of a few young girls against women in the Salem community; a special court was convened; and trials grew quickly into socially stereotypical prejudices regarding any women seen acting out of or performing "witchery". Within time the social chaos did not even exclude Salem's more prestigious women as the local governors wife was even implicated in accusations of witchcraft.
Causes Of The Salem Witch Trials
The rest of the accused were thrown in jail for months with out trials . The Salem Witch Trials were brought up by the belief of the supernatural, a recent smallpox epidemic, and fears from being attacked from the Native Americans, and longstanding rivalry with other town's people. They were also fueled by their fear of outsiders and the suspicions and resentment of their neighbors. The trials were the start of something bigger that happened. The events that took place in Salem in 1692 are a part of a greater pattern throughout our history to persecute innocent people, especially women, as "witches."
Elizabeth Hubbard's Role In The Salem Witch Trials
Through the trials, Elizabeth and the other girls had accused many of witchcraft, and by June 16, 1692 nineteen more people had been hung (Mills). "By the end of the trial Elizabeth Hubbard had testified against twenty-nine people, seventeen of whom were arrested, thirteen of those were hanged, and two died in jail" (Nichols par 4). While Elizabeth Hubbard would stand and testify in court, she would show her odd behaviors and by this she caused many people to have a life of hurt, or a life ending in
Similarities Between The Salem Witch Tale And The Crucible
Not only was this found in this novel, but it is also featured in The Crucible. In Arthur Miller's play, hysteria is present through to the end. It is very evident that it is "contagious." When one of the girls saw someone hurting them, the rest of them imagined it as well. When one of them started to call out names of the witches, the rest in excitement would too start calling out names. It served as a way to cover up, as it was concluded at the end of Salem witch trials that there was
The Salem Witch Trials
The Salem Witch Trials were started by a couple of bratty girls who decided it would be enjoyable to accuse someone of being a witch, and then contort their bodies and act afflicted any time that person came around. Sadly, the accusations of these girls were taken very seriously by the judge and adults of Salem. People were convicted of witchcraft simply because they had irregular moles or blemishes on their faces. Yes, the people of Salem were in a mass hysteria, filling up jails with "witches" to the point where the jails reached capacity and they could not fit any more people in them. They were able to accuse these people through mob mentality, Puritan culture, and forced conformity.
Salem Witch Trials Cause
The Salem Witch Trials has been a well-known topic and known for how tragic it was and all the wrongful deaths it brought; but what caused all of this to occur? It was a time in which numerous, innocent people (mostly women) were killed because they were believed to be partaking in witchcraft. There are several possible causes as to why the Salem Witch Trials occurred. The Salem Witch Trials stemmed from the belief that Satan is acting in the world, whether it be through giving a disease or recruiting new witches to work for him, kids that were bored and brought it upon themselves to lie that they were witches to have fun, feuds between those in the community, and confessions leading town officials to believe that their belief that witchcraft
The History of the Salem Witchcraft Trials
Witches sent out their specters and harmed others. Puritans believed by putting heavy chains on a witch, that it would hold down their specter. Puritans also believed that by hanging a witch, all the people the witch cast a spell on would be healed. Hysteria took over the town and caused them to believe that their neighbors were practicing witchcraft. If there was a wind storm and a fence was knocked down, people believed that their neighbors used witchcraft to do it.
The Crucible: Assumptions, Mob Mentality, Fear, and Blame
A crucible is defined as a container made with metal or refectory material used for heating substances to a high temperature, but it can also be defined as a severe test or trial. So, how do witch hunts relate to both definitions? Back in 1641 England made witch craft a capital crime, so in 1692 when Abigail Williams claimed that she had seen women in her village working alongside the devil you can only imagine the hysteria and problems that came along with the false accusations and the beliefs of the puritan lifestyle. So this brings us to the point of how lifestyle and the social norms form witch hunts. It seems to be human nature to fear what we do not know and with fear comes hysteria which leads to mob mentality that causes mass amounts of people to put blame on those who they have known for a long time.
The History of the Salem Witch Trial in 1692
140 people were accused, 19 people were hanged, 1 person was pressed to death, and 13 people died in prison. The Salem witch trials were a perfect example of how easily people can be persuaded to think that witches afflicted them. Women started all this hysteria in Salem. It was Tituba's stories that scared Elizabeth and Abigail. These girls later were diagnosed bewitched.
Comparing the Witch Hunts of India and Historical Salem
The results of witch hunts, such as social implications, usually bring about many unforeseen events and consequences. For example, countless numbers of peoples, estimated in the tens of thousands, died due to the accusation of witchcraft. These people "face humiliations, torture and banishment" (Prasad 1-2) simply because of the accusation of witchcraft under (usually) false charge... ... middle of paper ... ...lusion, the Indian and Salem witch hunts may share extremely similar physical characteristics and social implications but differ in their motives and executions. Both witch hunts share in the classic aspects of witch hunts, barbarity, paranoia, and all of the other things humanity deems necessary to create one of our great tragedies. But, to look back on it in our civilized society it becomes necessary to ask ourselves whether the choice we would make is not as superficial as theirs.
Exploring Explanations for the Salem Witch Trials
In attempting to piece this puzzle together regarding the conditions which lead to the Salem Witch trials we seem to find more questions than solid answers, however in the study of colonial life we may just find some answers to our own bigotry as well as see a mirror image regarding modern events such as the McCarthy communism trials of the 1950's. Superstition and suspicion were very relevant to the events that took place in Salem 1692. The witchcraft craze in Europe had lasted from 1300 until the late 1600's with executions numbered in th... ... middle of paper ... ...ked it's havoc on the community of Salem. In all, nineteen people were executed, most but not all were residents of Salem Village some were from Andover as well as Ipswich. Hanged on June 10 Bridget Bishop, Hanged on July 19 Sarah Good, Rebecca Nurse, Susannah Martin, Elizabeth How, Sarah Wilds, Hanged on August 19 George Burroughs, John Proctor, John Willard, George Jacobs, Sr., Martha Carrier, September 19, Giles Corey pressed to death, Hanged on September 22 Martha Corey, Mary Eastey, Alice Parker, Ann Pudeater, Margaret Scott, Wilmott Reed, Samuel Wardwell Mary Parker, Other accused witches that were not hanged, but died in prison: Sarah Osborne, Roger Toothaker, Lyndia Dustin, and finally, Ann Foster.
More about The Salem Witch Trials, the Crucible, and McCarthyism


McGill-Queens University Press selects Trilogy Software & Pubtech Consulting Services.
Toronto, Canada, August 2010 – Pubtech Consulting Limited is pleased to announce that they have been selected as the provider of software consulting services and software for Montreal based McGill-Queen's University Press.
After an extensive review of available providers, McGill-Queen's University Press selected Trilogy ERP Solutions and Pubtech Consulting Limited for their extensive publishing expertise and high quality customer references. The project will encompass the installation of the Trilogy Publishing Manager and Trilogy Title Manager ERP software.
The purpose of the project is to replace the current 'multi solution' situation with a consistant and robust 'end-to-end' solution from conception of the book through to the sales, marketing and distribution management.


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Tackling the Beasts known as Horror, Exploitation and European Cult Movies
Fernando Di Leo's super sleazy giallo COLD BLOODED BEAST hits Blu-ray 24th July from 88 Films.
THEME '70
WIN!!! THE CANAL Kaleidoscope Home Entertainment 3 x DVD give away!
August 27, 2015 / giallo1971 / Comments Off on WIN!!! THE CANAL Kaleidoscope Home Entertainment 3 x DVD give away!
Having had its world premiere at Tribeca Film Festival, Kaleidoscope Home Entertainment is pleased to announce the UK release of THE CANAL, available digitally and on DVD from 14th September 2015. To celebrate its release we have 3 x DVDs to give away!
Sitting in an empty theater, a film archivist watches the grainy footage that will be his undoing. David (Rupert Evans – Hellboy) and his wife Alice (Hannah Hoekstra – App) are perfectly happy—or so he believes. When he finds out the home he shares with his wife and son was the scene of a ghastly turn-of-the-century murder, David dismisses it as ancient history. That is, until the sinister history ripples into the present and casts a shadow over life as he knows it. And when a looming secret shatters his marriage, David can't help but suspect the dark spirits of the house are somehow involved. In his drive to unveil the shadows hidden in the walls, David begins to descend into insanity, threatening the lives of everyone around him.Through ghastly imagery and a chilling score, Ivan Kavanagh's THE CANAL is an Irish ghost story that will leave you with a fear of the dark and a dripping chill down your spine long after the film's conclusion.
To be in with a chance of winning, just answer this question: What is the name of the character played by Rupert Evans in THE CANAL?
a) Simon b) John c) David.
Please send your answer, name and address to [email protected] by Friday 11th September.
Category: COMPETITIONS, Upcoming Frights /
Theme70 Paperback Edition
Euro-Erotic classic MADAME CLAUDE arrives on 4k Blu-ray from CULT EPICS! Available February 2021.
Onetti Bros. 'A Night of Horror: Nightmare Radio' is available on Amazon and Google from Monday 21st December.
Cristian Solimeno's THE GLASS MAN available on digital download platforms from December 7th.
Rose Glass' SAINT MAUD arrives on DVD, Blu-ray and Steel Book 1st February 2021
VIPCO release DEVIL IN THE WOODS on DVD and Blu-ray on 8th January 2021.
Horror Blu-ray releases
Upcoming Frights
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Edited by Tosin Emmanuel, Sharingknowledge, Jen Moreau, SarMal
2 Parts: Referencing this Article Comments
An electromagnet consists of a soft iron core in a current carrying solenoid. The magnetic field strength is increased by the presence of the soft iron core or rod within the solenoid. An electromagnet is similar to a temporary magnet. An electromagnet can be made by winding the coils or solenoids is opposite directions around the two arms of a U-shaped soft iron core or bar.
Electromagnets are considered temporary magnets. When current flows from a battery around the solenoid, it is observed that the end of the U-shaped arm acts like the S(south)-pole, and the other end act like the N(north)-pole. This arrangement produces a strong magnetic field. However, magnetization and demagnetization occur rapidly when the current is switched on and off.
2 Electric Bell
3 Telephone Earpiece
4 Carbon Microphone
5 Referencing this Article
Electromagnets find many common applications in the industry including:
Producing intense magnetic fields such as those required in generators and electric motors.
Lifting and transporting heavy pieces of iron and steel; for example, steel plates.
They can be used to separate iron from mixtures containing non-magnetic substances.
They are used in the construction of such electromagnetic devices as the electric bell and telephone earpiece.
Electric Bell
When the button is pressed, the circuit of the system is complete and current flows around the electromagnet. The soft iron core becomes magnetized and the electromagnet attracts the soft iron armature attached to a spring, moving the hammer to strike the bell. The contact is broken as soon as the spring moving along with the soft iron armature breaks at the hammer's handle. The electromagnet then loses its magnetism and its attracting force of the spring, once again making contact at the hammer's handle. The circuit is re-established and current flows through the electromagnet once again. This sequence is repeated rapidly and the bell continues to ring as long as the bell push is pressed. The electric bell works on a 'make and break device. The contact between the spring and screw at the hammer's handle causes the hammer to move and strike the bell. The breaking of the contact at hammer's handle causes the hammer to leave the bell.
Telephone Earpiece
Before cell phones, traditional telephones relied on electromagnets to receive signals. The traditional telephone earpiece is a device which converts the varying electric energy from the microphone into varying sound energy.
The components are:
Speech Coils
The speech coils wound in opposite directions round two soft iron pole, placed at the south and north pole of a strong magnet M.
A soft iron springy diaphragm made of magnetic alloy and located in front of the iron cores
When a caller speaks into the microphone at one end of the line of communication, the varying sound energy from speech is converted into a varying speech current which is transmitted via a modulation and then demodulated at the receiver's side. The receiver listens to the demodulated signal via the earpiece. The variation in the electric current due to changes in the speech energy causes variation in the magnetism of the electromagnet. This varying magnetism of the electromagnet causes vibrations of the diaphragm placed in front of it. Vibration of the diaphragm creates sound waves of the same frequency in the air as the speech current and the speaker at the other end is heard.
The first microphone invented was a carbon microphone. The carbon microphone appearance and mechanisms have largely remained unchanged and most of today's microphones have similar mechanisms. Sound microphones have two metal plates that are separated by small pieces of carbon. One plate is very thin and faces toward the speaking person, acting as a diaphragm. Sound vibration impinging on the diaphragm cause slight vibration of the diaphragm. This brings about some change in the pressure of the carbon granules causing corresponding changes in the resistance of the circuit sent through it by a battery. A speech current varying at the same frequency as the sound wave leaves the microphone through cables to the receiver at another telephone piece.
Referencing this Article
If you need to reference this article in your work, you can copy-paste the following depending on your required format:
APA (American Psychological Association)
Electromagnets. (2017). In ScienceAid. Retrieved Jul 17, 2019, from https://scienceaid.net/Electromagnets
MLA (Modern Language Association) "Electromagnets." ScienceAid, scienceaid.net/Electromagnets Accessed 17 Jul 2019.
Chicago / Turabian ScienceAid.net. "Electromagnets." Accessed Jul 17, 2019. https://scienceaid.net/Electromagnets.
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Reading: Hubble Captures Swirls of Dust in the Flame NebulaFlame NebulaHubble Captures Swirls of Dust in the Flame Nebula
AFK Free - Breaking News, Reviews, Gaming, Tips and More > Latest News > Science > Hubble Captures Swirls of Dust in the Flame NebulaFlame NebulaHubble Captures Swirls of Dust in the Flame Nebula
Hubble Captures Swirls of Dust in the Flame NebulaFlame NebulaHubble Captures Swirls of Dust in the Flame Nebula
This Hubble Space Telescope image shows the Flame Nebula, also known as NGC 2024. It is a large star-forming region in the constellation Orion that lies around 1,400 light-years from Earth. Credit: NASA, ESA, and N. Da Rio (University of Virginia); Processing: Gladys Kober (NASA/Catholic University of America)
The Flame Nebula, also known as NGC 2024, is a large star-forming region in the constellation Orion that is located approximately 1,400 light-years from Earth. It's a portion of the Orion Molecular Cloud Complex, which also includes such famous nebulae as the Horsehead Nebula and Orion Nebula.
In this image, the focus is on the dark, dusty heart of the nebula, where a star cluster resides, mostly hidden from view. Nearby (but not visible in this image) is the bright star Alnitak, the easternmost star in the Belt of Orion. Radiation from Alnitak ionizes the Flame Nebula's hydrogen gas. As the gas begins to cool from its higher-energy state to a lower-energy state, it emits energy in the form of light, causing the visible glow behind the swirled wisps of dust.
Researchers have used Hubble to measure the mass of stars in the cluster as they search for brown dwarfs, a type of dim object that's too hot and massive to be classified as a planet but also too small and cool to shine like a star.
The Flame Nebula, also called NGC 2024, is part of the Orion Molecular Cloud Complex and is found near the Horsehead Nebula. Credit: NASA, ESA, and N. Da Rio (University of Virginia), ESO, DSS2, and D. De Martin; Processing: Gladys Kober (NASA/Catholic University of America)
The Orion molecular cloud complex (or, simply, the Orion complex) is a star-forming region with stellar ages ranging up to 12 Myr. Two enormous molecular clouds are a part of it, dubbed Orion A and Orion B. The stars currently forming within the complex are located within these two clouds.
The Orion complex is one of the most active regions of nearby stellar formation visible in the night sky and is home to both protoplanetary discs and very young stars. Much of it shines brightly in infrared wavelengths due to the heat-intensive processes involved in stellar formation. However, the complex contains dark nebulae, emission nebulae, reflection nebulae, and H II regions.
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Maintain a satisfied customer based with quality products that meet application requirementas completely.
We aim to secure the existing customers and concurrently augment new customers to the HEX family.
Strict adherence to ABC analysis for production planning and inventory management. We employ ERP tools integrate our sales, production, purchase and dispatch division.
Employ the latest techologies in manufacturing with the intent to increase quality of product, reduce wastage,meet environmental norms and increase production.
Continuously endeavor to improve product quality and reach a zero defect manufacturing.
At HEX house We instill family values into our working environment.
We believe, as the individual spends a major part of his day at work, being in a close knit and congenial environment enhances their productivity.
We extend similar values in our dealings with the distributors and channel partners.


It seems that every country has its own version of pancakes – Denmark included. Some would say there is nothing more Danish than pancakes and that Danish pancakes are certainly a way to Danish happiness. Danish pancakes are typically an afternoon treat that often end up becoming dinner as well because the kids will eat so many that there is no room for anymore food that day. They are very similar to French crepes, topped with whatever you like but strawberry/raspberry jam and powdered sugar is the most classic version. I guess the Danes just love their red and whites! I enjoy a summer version with fresh berries and powdered sugar sprinkled on top. Banana slices and nutella works too.
In a medium sized bowl beat together the eggs and flour while adding the milk a little at a time. When the dough is smooth you add sugar, salt and vanilla extract. The dough will be much thinner than American pancake dough. Cover the bowl and set aside in a cozy place for about 1/2 hour.
Then you heat up a frying pan and melt one teaspoon of butter on it. Next you pour about 1/4 cup of pancake dough on the pan while you move the pan around so the dough is evenly divided on the whole pan. When the dough is light brown on the edges you flip it with over and fry it on the other side until it is golden brown on both sides. Transfer it to a plate covered with aluminum foil. Then you melt about a teaspoon of butter on the pan and start frying up a new pancake and so forth until you have a nice stack of pancakes. My children usually eat them while I make them so I never get a stack. The pancakes disappear quickly!
Serve them with a selection of different toppings – such as strawberry or raspberry jam, powdered sugar, nutella, berries, banana slices – so people can design their own pancakes. Putting toppings on is an important part of the fun! Roll them up and eat them with your fingers.


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Tag Archives: community living
Webinar: Learn More about our new Community Living Program
Join the Association of Programs for Rural Independent Living (APRIL) and RTC: Rural for a free webinar to learn about the new Healthy Community Living Program!
Who: Centers for Independent Living (CILs) and other organizations that serve people with disabilities
What: informational webinar (free)
When: March 19, 2020 | 1 pm to 2:30 pm Mountain Time
Register here: https://www.surveygizmo.com/s3/5427963/IL-Skills-Training-in-A-Click
This webinar will be facilitated by Mary Willard, the Director of Training and Technical Assistance at APRIL.
This entry was posted in News and tagged APRIL, community living, Community Living Skills, facilitator, facilitator training, health promotion, Healthy Community Living, Living Well in the Community, webinar.
Research Snapshot: Building Networks to Expand Living Well Delivery
Living Well in the Community (part of the Healthy Community Living program) is a ten-week workshop for people with disabilities who want to set goals to support their overall quality of life and wellbeing. Often, these workshops are hosted by local Centers for Independent Living (CILs).
However, not all people with disabilities who may benefit from Living Well are connected to their local CILs. To help expand the reach of the program, the Building Networks to Expand Living Well Delivery project partners with rural community hospitals and CILs. These partnerships will also help improve the capacity of rural hospitals to support rural independent community living.
The Building Networks to Expand Living Well Delivery project team explains the project and its goals, and gives a quick progress update.
This entry was posted in News and tagged Building Networks to Expand Living Well Delivery, CILs. Center for Independent Living, community living, health management, health outcomes, Healthy Community Living, Living Well in the Community, rural hospitals, self-management.
Research Snapshot: PAS in Rural America
Dr. Rayna Sage.
Approximately 10 million people with disabilities receive paid personal assistance services (PAS) in the United States. For many, these services are critical for social and community participation. However, little is known about rural-urban differences in PAS delivery and consumption, and how these services influence community participation and health.
To address this lack of understanding, RTC:Rural is conducting research on PAS in rural America.
Dr. Rayna Sage, RTC:Rural Project Director, explains the project and its goals, and gives a quick progress update.
This entry was posted in News and tagged APRIL, community living, community participation, Consumer Direct Care Network, health, participatory curriculum development, PAS, personal assistance services, Rayna Sage, research snapshot, rural disability.
New Book Chapter Looks at How Rural Culture, Inclusion, and Community Events Impact People with Disabilities
Dr. Rayna Sage, RTC:Rural Project Director, and Erin Flores, a former sociology undergraduate researcher at the University of Montana who graduated in 2018, recently co-authored a book chapter on the accessibility of rural community events. The chapter, titled "Disability and rural events: The cultural reproduction of inclusion and exclusion" is in Marginalisation and Events, which was published in January 2019 by Routledge.
"Rural community events are a time when community members are able to see how they are part of something bigger than their own individual experience," said Sage. "Seeing friends and family and participating in activities that promote community identity helps sustain community and connectedness."
This entry was posted in News and tagged community events, community living, community participation, community-based research, Inclusion in Rural Community Events, Rayna Sage, rural events, University of Montana.
Researchers and project partners share perspectives on disability and the environment
From left to right, Bonnie Kelly, Bronwyn Troutman, Lillie Greiman, and Andrew Myers presenting as part of DiverseU 2018.
Rural Institute researchers and RTC:Rural project directors Lillie Greiman and Andrew Myers, along with community partners Bronwyn Troutman, Community Living Specialist, and Bonnie Kelly, Peer Advocate, from Summit Independent Living Center in Missoula co-presented a panel at the University of Montana as part of the DiverseU symposium. Their presentation was titled "Disability and the Socio-Political Environment."
DiverseU is the University of Montana's annual campus-wide diversity symposium. It is open to university students, staff, and community members, and features presentations, art exhibits, and guided discussions over the course of two days. DiverseU seeks to, "…explore the complexities of human experience, promote understanding, and create community through the practice of civil discourse," according to the DiverseU website page. Continue reading →
This entry was posted in News and tagged accessibility, accessible housing, Andrew Myers, community living, DiverseU, Lillie Greiman, Summit Independent Living Center, University of Montana, usability.
Revised Transportation Voucher Toolkit available for FREE
What's at the top of RTC:Rural's holiday wish list? Accessible transportation for people with disabilities in rural communities!
Looking for some new ideas and resources to help with transportation in your area? Then check out the revised Toolkit for Operating a Rural Transportation Voucher Program.
Transportation, especially in rural areas, continues to be one of the main issues that people with disabilities deal with on a daily basis. To help address this barrier to community participation, RTC:Rural and the Association of Programs for Rural Independent Living (APRIL) developed the Rural Transportation Voucher Program. This Toolkit was recently updated and can now be downloaded for free from the APRIL and RTC websites.
Email Lauren Smith (lauren.smith@mso.umt.edu) for a high-resolution PDF file of the flyer.
Text description:
Toolkit for Operating a Rural Transportation Voucher Program. Updated 2017. Learn how to bring together community members and resources to create a transportation system for people with disabilities in rural areas.
Why try a voucher program?
Relatively low-cost
Promotes cost-sharing among service agencies, riders, and transit providers
Riders can get rides when and where they want
Gives riders more choices in where they live and work
Emphasis on rider needs, not agency considerations
Download the toolkit here:
Rural Disability Resource Library RuralDisabilityLibrary.org
www.APRIL-Rural.org
For individual training and technical assistance, contact APRIL Executive Director Billy Altom at bwaltom@sbcglobal.net.
For more information about the Toolkit, individualized training in the voucher program model, and technical assistance, please contact APRIL Executive Director Billy Altom at bwaltom@sbcglobal.net.
This entry was posted in News and tagged APRIL, community living, Rural Disability Resource Library, toolkit, transportation, transportation voucher program.
Home Usability Program works to address immediate housing needs for people with disabilities
For people with disabilities, usability issues can be both within and outside of the home.
The need for accessible housing far exceeds the availability. While there are disability advocacy groups working to make changes in housing policies at the national level, those changes don't happen overnight. In the next few decades, the need for affordable, accessible housing is only going to increase as the American population ages. In rural areas, where people are already more likely to be unemployed, living in poverty, elderly, and have a disability, this housing need will be especially severe.
"People can't always move into accessible, affordable housing, or at least not right away," says Lillie Greiman, RTC:Rural Research Associate. "So we're asking, 'What can we do to help those people right now?'"
To address immediate housing issues for people with disabilities, RTC:Rural researchers are working with partners at the University of Kansas on the Home Usability Program. The Home Usability Program helps people with disabilities to assess usability issues with their homes, and connects them with the resources they need to make changes.
An example of an improved usability issue: replacing round door knobs with easier-to-use lever door handles. Picture from www.HealthyCommunityLiving.com.
The Home Usability Program is part of the Research and Training Center on Promoting Interventions for Community Living (RTC/PICL), a collaboration between researchers at the University of Kanas and the University of Montana. Dr. Craig Ravesloot, RTC:Rural director, co-directs the center with Dr. Glen White at the University of Kansas. Greiman is the Project Director of the Home Usability Program.
Currently, researchers are in the first phase of the Home Usability Program, says Greiman. The program is partnering with two Centers for Independent Living, one in Montana and one in Kansas, to work with individuals to make usability improvements to their homes. Participants must be over 21, have a physical disability, and live in the community.
First, the team works with the individual to identify usability issues within their homes. Then, the researchers work with the local CILs to develop a network of local resources that can help address those issues. The focus of the program is to identify smaller-scale improvements that can be made quickly and relatively inexpensively—for example, installing new faucet handles on the sink for easier use, or grab bars in the bathtub.
Ultimately, the Home Usability Program will consist of two parts: a screening tool for people with disabilities to use to identify usability issues in their homes, which includes recommendations on how to solve some common issues; and a guide for CILs to develop their own networks of local resources to help consumers make these usability changes.
"The Home Usability Program is about giving you control over your home environment, making it easier and safer to use your home," said Greiman. "If people have usable homes, they can live independently and participate in their communities."
The Home Usability Program works with Centers for Independent Living to help people with disabilities make improvements to their homes.
To learn more about the RTC/PICL and the Home Usability Program, check out:
Research & Training Center on Promoting Interventions for Community Living
Home Usability for People with Disabilities
Success Story: Home Usability for People with Disabilities
This entry was posted in News and tagged accessible housing, CILs, CILs. Center for Independent Living, community living, Home Usability Program, housing, Lillie Greiman, RTC/PICL, University of Kansas, University of Montana.
Free rural transportation toolkit now available from APRIL and RTC:Rural
The Association of Programs for Rural Independent Living (APRIL) and the RTC:Rural are excited to announce that an updated version of the Toolkit for Operating a Rural Transportation Voucher Program is now available to download for FREE. The Toolkit, used to help solve problems in areas that lack transportation options, is available in PDF and text-only versions. Individualized training and technical assistance is available from APRIL for a fee. Contact Billy Altom, Executive director of APRIL, at bwaltom@sbcglobal.net for more information.
Click here to download the toolkit.
What is the Toolkit for Operating a Rural Transportation Voucher Program?
The Toolkit for Operating a Rural Transportation Voucher Program provides a model that describes how to bring together community members and resources to develop and operate a transportation system for people with disabilities in rural areas.
In this model, eligible riders receive a voucher checkbook with an allocation of miles from a sponsoring agency. The agency negotiates with public and private transportation providers to accept the voucher checks as payment for rides, and can help riders organize potential volunteer drivers. Community members may volunteer to become drivers, and will be reimbursed up to the federal maximum rate for mileage reimbursement. In addition, other agencies that provide transportation, such as a council on aging or a developmental disability provider, can also be part of the voucher system. As long as there is room, riders from different sponsoring agencies can ride in the same vehicles. Continue reading →
This entry was posted in News and tagged advocacy, APRIL, community living, community participation, disability, rural, transportation, transportation voucher program.
Figuring out how young adults with disabilities participate in rural community events
RTC:Rural's research on accessible community events has a new focus. Dr. Rayna Sage, RTC:Rural Research Associate, is leading our Participation in Rural Events among Young Adults with Disabilities research project. The study aims to understand how young adults with disabilities in rural communities participate in community events, and how their community participation can enrich their lives and contribute to their communities in meaningful ways.
RTC:Rural Research Associate Rayna Sage, Ph.D., at the Pioneer Days Rodeo in Ronan, MT where she was conducting in-the-moment interviews for this project
The accessibility of rural community events is directly tied to participation, and community participation can be tied to the accumulation of social capital. "Social capital is a tradeable resource that exists in a relationship. If you have social capital you can use it to gain other kinds of capital," said Sage. "It provides opportunities to interact with other people who may have access to resources that you don't have access to."
These other kinds of capital could include things like favors, experiences, or a job. Another way to think of it could be as "cashing in" on a friendship or social connection in order to secure some sort of benefit, such as a job at a family friend's store, or access to a behind-the-scenes space at a public event for someone who needs a place to sit in the shade and rest.
Having social capital could be especially important in rural communities, and could help overcome some of the limitations faced by young adults with disabilities as they transition into adulthood. "It's a vulnerable period for most people, the transition after high school into whatever they're going into, but for young adults with disabilities it's even more critical for them to engage in meaningful activities that are going to enhance their lives," said Sage.
Sage's previous work has pointed to how the inequality gap between poor/working class and middle/upper class young adults grows during the period of transition into adulthood, even if they go to college. Now, in this new study, she hopes to see if the social capital in rural communities can help young adults with disabilities compensate for some of the other inequalities and challenges they may be facing. Continue reading →
This entry was posted in News and tagged access, accessibility, community living, community participation, disability, events, focus groups, independent living, interviews, Rayna Sage, rural, rural sociology, social capital, youth.


Posted on Wednesday, November 23rd, 2016 at 09.00.
Download the Match Poster for Farnborough's next Home game against Petersfield Town, taking place on Tuesday 29 November, kick off 7:45pm.
Hampshire rivals, Petersfield Town visit The Rushmoor Community Stadium this coming Tuesday (29 November) evening.
Kick off in the Evo-Stik League Southern Division One Central is at 7:45pm.


Now you can finally build your own projects.
The future of technology is increasingly leaning toward the Internet of Things (IoT). Many IoT devices are controlled remotely and assist us in everyday life, like a smart thermostat heat or semi-autonomous car sensors. While IoT technology used to be exclusive to companies like IBM and Google, small-yet-powerful programmable computers bring IoT to the masses—and the Raspberry Pi is the most popular tiny computer out there.
A Raspberry Pi offers nearly endless programming and computing possibilities, and with the release of the Raspberry Pi Zero, seasoned developers and novice programmers are flocking to this exciting new world. Now you can discover everything this exciting technology has to offer with The Raspberry Pi Mastery Bundle,available for just $34.
This course will unlock the limitless potential of Raspberry Pi, regardless of whether you're a computer science wiz or a total beginner. With courses that cover everything from automation techniques to robotics, you'll walk away from this 8-course bundle with the knowledge you need to create software and hardware projects, use GPIO Pins, mine for bitcoins, program robots, and much more.
Through hands-on examples that walk you through how to build real projects, you'll learn how to program a small LCD screen and display dynamic data. You'll even complete two projects that will solve real-world problems.
By building two complete projects, you'll learn how you can use this powerful little computer to manipulate physical objects with the help of one of the world's most popular and straightforward programming languages.
You'll do three complete hardware projects, such as building a walkie-talkie using Linux commands. Through these projects, you'll understand how to perform physical computing with the Raspberry Pi.
You'll learn all the terminology associated with the mining process, the hardware involved, and much more. You'll also be briefed about the SHA, which is an algorithm used to implement bitcoin mining.
You'll learn how to connect the L239D Integrated Circuit to the GPIO pins of Raspberry Pi and control a robot's motor. By course's end, you'll have the fundamental knowledge necessary to build a basic robot and control it entirely through Raspberry Pi.
Don't want to jump in a cold shower? Use Raspberry Pi to notify you when the water is warm by connecting multiple waterproof sensors to GPIO pins and access the raw temperature via Linux commands.
Build IoT projects and remotely control home appliances without coding. You'll be introduced to Cayenne, the world's only drag-and-drop IoT project builder, developed to quickly design, prototype, and commercialize IoT solutions.
Start down the path toward the wonderfully creative and awe-inspiring world of Raspberry Pi with The Raspberry Pi Mastery Bundle—available for 95 percent off at just $34.


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Q: Comparing several line functions for finding the minimum values! i am trying to find a method or an equation for the following problem.
There are some line equastions.
$$y_i=a_i+bx_i $$
For example six such equtions (lines) How can be found the following context:
The value is pretermined. All y=a+bx equations and the xi and yi values are given. The min x should be found and should be as small as possible!
$$(x_1,y_1)+(x_2,y_2)+(x_3,y_3)+(x_4,y_4)+(x_5,y_5)+(x_6,y_6) = (min x, value)$$
Is it possible to solve such a problem and how?
Thank in advance!


I'm a meditation teacher and writer, co-author of Meditation for Fidgety Skeptics, and author of The Head Trip, a guidebook to waking, sleeping and dreaming.
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For those who enjoy their meditation served up with a side of nothing whatsoever.
This course is meant to kick-start – or refresh – peoples' meditation practice, by giving them both a clear understanding of four core meditation styles – concentration (leads to simplicity and peace), mindfulness (leads to insight and perspective), loving-kindness (leads to friendliness and compassion), and "just sitting" (leads to acceptance and deep connection) – and how they can all be mixed, matched, and integrated into a single practice routine.
Last year, at a mood disorders clinic in Toronto, I was diagnosed as bipolar. Whether or not I accepted the label, it was an accurate description of my symptoms. It had taken me so long to notice because mostly my moods were up. How could that be a problem? Being high is awesome, isn't it?
The world is filled with so many interesting things! People doing stuff, going places, making things happen. It's all very exciting. This is not about any of that.