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The Future of AI Driven Market Research
A sit-down conversation with GroupSolver Co-Founder & CEO, Rasto Ivanic, and Senior Research Team Lead, Adrian Del Bosque
What is Artificial Intelligence?
Over the past few years, the world of market research and surveys has seen the emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI). AI tools, which are finding their way into almost every industry, hold the potential to change the game entirely.
Artificial intelligence, broadly speaking, is the development of machines and computers that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. This includes the ability to understand the human language as it is spoken or written– an instrumental tool for an industry that relies largely on consumer feedback.
In the survey space, artificial intelligence and machine learning offer huge opportunities for automation, enhancing data quality, and uncovering deeper insights. Although some companies have opened their arms to these new possibilities, many are still holding on to outdated market research approaches that have been around for decades.
GroupSolver has challenged this traditional approach from the start– aiming to create a better, more respondent-centric approach to market research and surveys that leverages new technology and opportunities. But how did we get to where we are today, and where are we headed? What will the future of AI-driven market research look like?
In this interview, we hear from two members of the GroupSolver team that have been at the forefront of these industry changes. GroupSolver CEO, Rasto Ivanic, and Senior Research Team Lead, Adrian Del Bosque, share a first-hand look at how AI and other technologies have impacted the industry. They offer their perspective on how these tools can be used, their challenges, and what the future of AI-driven market research will look like– through the lens of GroupSolver and beyond.
First, let's take a look at where it all began for GroupSolver.
Using Technology to Shorten the Path Between the Question and Answer
When Rasto Ivanic first founded GroupSolver, the question many asked was: why did you start the company? Rasto's straight-to-the-point answer was, "Because I hate surveys… at least those long-winded boring affairs that make grown-ups keep on asking: 'Are we there yet?'."
As the CEO of a market research technology company that lives and breathes surveys, Rasto explains today that, "Our mission in the world is to make surveys more of a conversation… and besides making surveys more pleasant for the respondent by making the conversation quicker and more interactive, I think one of our missions is just to automate the massive number of steps that occur between the business question and the answer in market research. To shorten this path between the question and answer and back," he adds, "there's really no reason why market research projects should be lasting two months."
Next, Rasto explains how AI fits into this mission.
Q: What was the inspiration for using AI to solve problems and answer big research questions at GroupSolver?
Rasto Ivanic: Well, we know that language is very difficult to be handled efficiently by humans when we are asking big open-ended research questions– the why, the how and the what. With survey free-text data, there's typically a lot of manual reading of answers and trying to put them into context and categorizing those answers in some kind of a theme or real big important answer– which human brains are actually pretty good at doing at a small scale– but if you have thousands of respondents to a survey, the human brain gets lost and you have to look to something a little more efficient.
Rasto explained that AI was one of the tools that naturally emerged as a solution to this problem.
Way back when we started–AI wasn't a big buzzword or anything– we just knew we had started to make some breakthroughs in those methodologies, and we intuitively knew that this was the way to go.
We started using NLP models before it was sexy to be AI– way before AI was anything people knew; it was just a big scary word. At the time there were a couple of movies with Will Smith that had AI robots going crazy and that's what AI was. But we were simply trying to figure out the solution, and AI was one of the tools we needed to get there.
Q: How was GroupSolver able to push the boundaries by using AI tools for market research?
Rasto Ivanic: I think our journey to where we are today has been very interesting, because GroupSolver has never been purely about AI– it's a useful tool but not the only one we use– but we look at AI in a broader sense than just big models that you train on a large set of data. For us, the more important thing than learning from big models and applying them to surveys is that we wanted to be flexible within the survey.
So, whenever we have a brand-new fresh question that nobody has ever trained data on before–because nobody has thought of asking that question–we needed to have a flexible model that is able to grab what respondents are giving us and put those answers into buckets quickly and reliably. What's unique about us is that we are taking the great work that is done in the data science space and applying it to the survey space.
A Problem Searching for a Solution, Not the Other Way Around
Elaborating on GroupSolver's unique approach, Rasto explained:
We came from outside the world of market research or even big data. We didn't come in with a model asking how do we apply this to market research. We were thinking about if someone is a market researcher, and they have this massive universe of data that they're collecting, how do they organize it?
We are not a solution in search of a problem; We had a problem we wanted to solve which is 'How do you quickly and reliably organize unstructured language data?' and AI, broadly speaking, was one of the tools that we gravitated towards.
Q: How has AI technology changed the market research industry since you started the company?
Rasto Ivanic: I wish I could say that AI has taken market research by storm, but I would say that our industry is very conservative in terms of adopting new methodologies that are not based on your traditional statistics because that's what we have been doing for 50-100 years. I don't think the industry has completely quite yet opened their arms and said 'Let's accept and do something completely crazy different and new'– like what we're doing.
We have some great customers that understand and love what we do, but the rate of progress and adoption of AI is limited not by technology itself– it is limited by the user. That user is very careful in making sure they can trust what we deliver, and they don't take it as a matter of course that any survey will have some kind of AI capability. I think AI is still the exception rather than the rule when the industry is doing research– but it's changing. I think we are maybe one or two big breakthrough features or use cases away from making this into the mainstream.
Q: What are the most important considerations when building AI-powered technology for market research?
Rasto Ivanic: There are so many cool things you can think of putting into a platform when you're building the technology, but you always have to step back and look at the outcome from a user's perspective, because you have to produce things that a user can embrace and intuitively understand.
Rasto elaborates that when dealing with complex models and N-dimensional vectors (that might mean nothing to the average user), it can sometimes be challenging to communicate how you got from point A to point B. The answer ultimately lies in the model and statistics, but the product must be communicated in other ways for users who are less familiar with these areas. Rasto notes, "That's the bridge that we have to cross every time."
Adrian Del Bosque, Research Team Lead: I think another consideration is to always keep in mind where we are going. If we understand where we're going then, say there are 100 possible solutions out there, it's just a matter of us navigating what is going to get us there faster. But there are also a lot of things you have to consider, because at the end of the day if the consumer or if our user doesn't believe in what we are doing then we have to reconsider why we are even doing it.
So, our decisions are driven by what we think the market needs and what could be disruptive but also goes hand in hand with what we are actually able to do with our capabilities and resources. In the end, the focus has to be the user and the user experience and what they perceive from working with us.
Q: What challenges do companies using AI in market research face?
Rasto Ivanic: A lot of language models are trained on literature, on really well-written text, but we deal with surveys, and if you have seen the results of surveys, people do not write like that. They write all kinds of colloquialisms, abbreviations, emojis, sometimes they just write profanity, and sometimes they write nothing. So, one of our challenges is adopting models so that they can actually work on the dirty data.
Q: Does AI evolve as language evolves? What impact does that have on the industry?
Adrian Del Bosque: It is a fact that the space we're in– the world of surveys– will evolve over time. 5 years ago, it was different and 5 years from now it's going to be different, so naturally, the machine learning that we develop has to also evolve with however the market and the data evolve.
Referring to natural language in particular– we've seen this in the past year and a half– our models didn't have the word Covid-19 in any observation that was ever used to train them, so at the beginning when we ran a study about the pandemic and people's concerns, the model understood that there was something new but it didn't know what it was. Now, a year and a half later, these models understand that "Covid-19" is a disease and are able to associate a bunch of other concepts and ideas that are related to that.
So, the simple answer is yes it will definitely have to evolve. Now, how it does? That is a completely different ball game– that's the meat of the problem.
Q: How has the approach to using machine learning for survey data changed?
Adrian Del Bosque: The traditional training approach was 'I'm going to tell the model everything that I know. I'm going to teach it and hopefully expect it to learn everything I tell it.' Now, some new research is trying a slightly different approach where they're saying: 'I'm only going to teach it 5% of the knowledge that I know, and I want the model or the technology to learn the other 95% by itself and then, we'll see where that gets us.'
In simple terms, I think the approach is a lot less hands-on in terms of actually teaching the model how to behave. It's much more efficient in terms of less data, it's less costly in terms of computing power, and the timeline becomes shorter. This should also allow the models to evolve more naturally– so I think that's where we're going from a general standpoint with machine learning.
The New Age of Online Surveying is Upon Us
Q: What will the future of market research and online surveys look like?
Rasto Ivanic: I think where we are going– and AI is a great tool along with just the basic statistics and computational power which enables all of that– is that we are moving more into listening to the customers rather than speaking at the customer or the respondent.
I think the future looks like shorter surveys, much more open-ended, much more conversational– and conversational being a tool to enable us to probe seamlessly into the questions in real-time. So, where AI comes in is that it can power some of those chat features, it allows us to direct answers and questions in such a way that we'll seamlessly get as much out of that respondents' willingness to give you data as we can without being intrusive. So that also changes the ratio of how much I'm speaking at you in a survey and you as a respondent back to me.
I think that's the future, and I think without these more sophisticated models and smart designs, we would continue asking essentially paper surveys in an online format like what we have seen in the industry so far.
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First Responsible Business Directory Ukraine Launched in Kyiv
Kyiv, 19 September, 2007 The launch of the first edition of Responsible Business Directory Ukraine was conducted today in Kyiv at the conference hall of the Hyatt Hotel within the frameforke of the Global Compact Initiative in Ukraine, and in partnership with the Ukrainian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, European Business Association, American Chamber of Commerce and with the support of Ukraine Citizen Action Network (UCAN). During the launch the first bilingual publication in Ukraine featuring socially responsible companies that work in the local market and implement corporate social responsibility practices in the country was presented. Kyiv, 19 September, 2007 The launch of the first edition of Responsible Business Directory Ukraine was conducted today in Kyiv at the conference hall of the Hyatt Hotel within the frameforke of the Global Compact Initiative in Ukraine, and in partnership with the Ukrainian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, European Business Association, American Chamber of Commerce and with the support of Ukraine Citizen Action Network (UCAN). During the launch the first bilingual publication in Ukraine featuring socially responsible companies that work in the local market and implement corporate social responsibility practices in the country was presented.
Kyiv, 19 September, 2007 The launch of the first edition of Responsible Business Directory Ukraine was conducted today in Kyiv at the conference hall of the Hyatt Hotel within the frameforke of the Global Compact Initiative in Ukraine, and in partnership with the Ukrainian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, European Business Association, American Chamber of Commerce and with the support of Ukraine Citizen Action Network (UCAN). During the launch the first bilingual publication in Ukraine featuring socially responsible companies that work in the local market and implement corporate social responsibility practices in the country was presented.
"The Directory is a unique publication since for the first time it presents Ukrainian companies from a different perspective - the perspective of their behavior as corporate citizens", stated UN Resident Coordinator in Ukraine Francis O'DONNELL, in his welcoming address to the attendees of the launch. "The responsibility of the companies finds its way in two dimensions: striving to respond to the needs of the society by engaging in community development and environmental protection, and trying to be responsible towards their employees and to practice business ethics principles at workplace", he added.
This event was also attended by the Government representatives, Ms. Oksana SLYUSARENKO, Deputy Minister of Economy and Ms. Natalya IVANOVA, Deputy Minister of Labour and Social Policy who complimented private sector's engagement, realized in corporate social responsibility, on the way to social and economic well-being of the country.
The publication aims to contribute to the promotion of a new image of national businesses that meet social, environmetal and governance objectives. The event attracted more than 120 participants including representatives of the country's leading companies, featured in the Directory, foreign diplomatic corps and media.
Ms. Barbara FELITTI, UCAN Country Director stressed the Directory's importance for the overall development of business sector in Ukraine. "UCAN has been a proud partner in the preparation of this valuable publication", noted Ms. FELITTI.
"Ukrainian business is a part of European business, especially when the mutual cooperation ties become stronger, social responsible business practices and standards appear very high on the agenda" stated Ms. Andrea RAFFASEDER, President of the European Business Association in Ukraine. "I hope that the Responsible Business Directory will become an annual publication", she added.
Mr. Jorge ZUKOSKI, President of the American Chamber of Commerce expressed a hope that the publication would serve as an inspiration to the Ukrainian business community by inheriting the corporate social responsibility principes in their activities and thus boosting the development of Ukraine.
The Responsible Business Directory incorporates CSR company profiles into one source of information. The Directory will be also contributing to the establishment of a new business community in Ukraine that justifies its existence not only in terms of profit, but also service to the society at large which becomes a tribute to the international business practice tendencies. This publication is a wonderful resource of information for a wide audience and will be distributed within the country and also abroad.
Photo report of the event
Responsible Business Directory Ukraine is the first bilingual publication in Ukraine featuring corporate social responsibility profiles of 60 companies that work in the local market and implement responsible business practices in the country. The Directory contributes to promotion of the national businesses that strive to meet social, environmental and governance objectives. Online version of the Responsible Business Directory will be available at www.un.org.ua and http://www.globalcompact.org.ua/ as of 1 October, 2007.
Global Compact initiative was successfully launched in Ukraine in April 2006 with the support of leading local and multinational companies as well as senior representatives of Government. The initiative aims at making its 10 universal principles on human rights, labour, corruption and the environment part of business strategy and operations around the world.
For more information, please, contact Global Compact Communications Officer, Ms. Aleksandra AFANASIEVA (044) 253 93 63, Aleksandra.Afanasieva@un.org.ua.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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from django.apps import AppConfig

class leagueConfig(AppConfig):
    name = 'league'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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A L W A Y S 9 0 F O U R
Did we not learn from the first riot?
About Always90four
Not A Throw Away Season For Canucks
There were parts of the 2018 Canucks season that brought hope and there were more than enough times where the heavy reality sunk in that this team is still figuring it out. The emergence of Brock Boeser as a legitimate threat gave Canucks fans something to believe in while the rest of the (r)ebuild was going on. Jake Virtanen's progression has been another good sign things are slowly turning around as well. There haven't been any draft picks acquired yet but Jim Benning is trying to assemble "his" team in a roundabout way.
As bad as it's all been, it hasn't been a season to put in the trash.
Coach Travis Green has shown everyone that proper line deployment is, in fact, possible after the snoozefest that was Willie Desjardins tenure was put to rest. Henrik and Daniel Sedin looked like they would be phased out early in the season but are a good couple of weeks away from leading the team in points, again.
Losing Derek Dorsett to a career-ending injury was tough for everyone involved because he brought a presence that didn't exist on the team. Push came to shove (sorry for the pun) and long-time AHLer Darren Archibald was given a contract and quite simply, a chance to prove himself and he may have earned a spot and an extension with the Canucks. Archibald's toughness and his energy leave you with hope this team's grit can be fixed as well.
Add to that, Jake Virtanen's maturity as a young power forward and the Canucks are creating the building blocks for their future. Virtanen has shown he can drive the net with the puck and still maintain possession as well as a decent scoring chance where that did not exist before.
Bo Horvat has firmed up his game yet again this season which gives star forward Boeser the opportunity to make his own magic. Boeser hasn't thrived in the dirty areas yet but he'll most likely be asked to be more involved next season. It's tough to do more when you don't have anything to work with. Relying on Sven Baertschi as the team's other top winger hasn't been the answer and the Canucks may opt to go another direction next season.
Thomas Vanek was a nice stop-gap and the arrival of Brendan Leipsic may fill his void. Leipsic has the makings of a young Alex Burrows with more offensive potential. He was a stunner in junior and seems to have a fit with a handful of players since being traded for from Vegas.
It hasn't been a productive season as a whole but there are small improvements that will move the needle, if only slightly, in the fall. Elias Pettersson is having a stellar season in Sweden and will most likely be a fixture up front for the Canucks next season. He has the ability to play both center and wing which may help the Canucks overload the Horvat/Boeser line in the future.
Henrik and Daniel most likely will return next season as they have shown they still matter. It doesn't help the rebuild a whole lot but the Canucks would be a heck of a lot worse if they were already gone.
One of the more important things to take away from this regrettable year has been the resurgence of the power play and its rightful place in the top 10 again. Much of this is to do with Boeser and Travis Green will have to tweak it next season to make it dangerous again. Getting it to Boeser on every available opportunity can only work for so long; there need to be more options. Pettersson may be one of them and potentially even Virtanen.
Jim Benning will need to make some waves in the offseason to further this thing along but this stinker of a season hasn't been all for not. It hasn't been pretty, not even close but it hasn't been a complete waste either.
photo – USA Today
Posted in Canucks and tagged boeser, canucks, draft, draft lottery, leipsic, NHL, stinker on March 11, 2018 by always90four. Leave a comment
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Tresanti Reale Navy Blue, Purple, Lilac & Green Checked Silk Designer Tie. A luxury tie with a vibrant small checkerboard squares pattern. A fantastic tie fabricated from top quality materials with the Tresanti Crown on the tip. Tie width at widest point: 7.5cm. Length from tip to tip: 147cm. Tie Fabric: 100% Silk. Tie Designer: Tresanti.


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Assignment, compare how two poems are structured, the use of the language and the message Essay
Assignment, compare how two poems are structured, the use of the language and the message.
Over the past 3 weeks I have been reading, analysing and comparing poems, about similar themes such as; love, loss, murder and culture. I will compare two poems written by the same poet, Carol Ann Duffy, so I can observe the different ways she can annotate different kinds of love. The poems I am doing are Havisham and Salome, I will be comparing them both as they have the same theme , love…
To start off with, I will do Havisham. The poem is about a spinster called Miss Havisham, who was jilted at the altar. This character is featured in the book "great expectation" (Dickens book). The name Havisham means as a word" To break up with someone after consciously exploiting their weakness of being in love. Often results in devastation on the affected party." I know this is relevant to the character Havisham because she has been jilted at the altar (obviously this would have been overly embarrassing in those days because you had to marry young), by a man she thought she loved. But now she has been left as a spinster so she is now weak as a character because back in the Victorian era women were thought as being the in dominate sex, so she would have to rely on a man as she couldn't support herself independently. Also she became the affected party as in the book as well as the poem it mentions "the dress yellowing" this is because she have lost all hope in ever finding love aging so she sits in her wedding dress, forever waiting for her lover to arrive at the wedding breakfast.
The word yellowing suggests to the reader that she hasn't got out of her dress or even wash/cleaned in all that time, suggesting she have lost all hope. I find this a very cleaver concept to the poem as her name basically, near enough, explains the whole poem. There are many language techniques. here I am only going to talk about two, oxymoron and emotive language. Firstly the oxymoron is actually the first the words of the poem "Beloved, Sweet heart, Bastard." this is an oxymoron because the three words are contradictory terms, like you wouldn't call the person that you love a "bastard" but she has said this because she still love him. however, he has jilted her at the altar so she feels stood up as usually to a woman their wedding day is one of the most important days of their lives and usually back in that era you were shamed up on if you were a spinster.
The other technique is at the end, where Carol uses emotive language where Havisham says "don't think it's only the hart the b-b-b-breaks." in this language we see she has a stutter on the word breaks, this is because she is telling us that not only has he broken her hart, but he has broken her as a person. also the stutter suggests to us that she feels vulnerable abandoned and terrified as she has been hurt by her lover so she feel helpless as a result the pervious events she has no man to rely on to comfort her so as a lonely person she will break. make the reader feel sympathetic towards Havisham. The structure of the poem Havisham is actually quite simple. There are four stanzas, each with four lines. Each stanza has a general them of its own. The first stanza is about the man that stood her up at the altar, the second is about her and she is spending her days without him, the third is about what she wishes life was with him (so like a dream) and the final stanza is reality. The poem also has irregular rhyme . The Second poem is Salome In the poem it appears that Salome has become a serial remover of heads. She tells us that she'd "done it before". this is because Salome is the character from the new testament where her father send her out to go and sleep with her uncle and chop off his head and bring it back to her dad. And that she would "doubtless…do it again".
Having woken up with a severed head on the pillow, she cannot even remember the owner's name. So she calls for the maid has breakfast, and decides to "clean up" her life. As part of this regime, she decides to get rid of her lover – and the poem ends as she pulls back the sheets "sticky" with blood, to find "his head on a platter". (Both Matthew and Mark say that John the Baptist's head was brought to Salome on a platter. For many generations of readers the platter was the most memorable and gruesome detail in the story.) In conclusion, love the way Carol has wrote about two different aspects of love in different ways. Havisham, the lost a dependency and inequality of love and Salome, the independent, freewheeling and dominate figure in the love interest. However, I loved Havisham and the sympathy you get for her isn't as dramatic as Salome because she shares an intimate and romantic moment with the men that she ends up killing giving her a slight ambiguous feel to
her character, and this is the mystery I love surrounding Salome.
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We have been super busy remodeling the house. We ripped up the floors in the living room, dining room and hallway as well as repainted most of the walls and ceiling (two walls will have to wait until the tiling is done) replaced the fireplace and tons of fixtures as well as added a ceiling fan to the dining room.
The tile that we have in the kitchen will extend all through the house which will be nice. We chose two brown colors that will be placed in a checker board pattern as well as around the new gas fireplace. We also had a chance to finally put up the floor to ceiling bookshelves that we had made to match the kitchen cabinets. Yay for book and DVD storage! As well as other things that I'd like to keep safe from prying kitty paws.
New ceiling fan in the living room.
New ceiling fan in the dining room.
New wall lights in the dining room.
Unfinished floor in the dining room.
Unfinished floor and fixtures in hallway.
Unfinished floor in living room.


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CHHS Guidance
Hornet Athletics
Buzz Staff
Finding answers about Sadie Hawkins
Amber Deavers, Editor
On March 26, the Chelsea High School SGA will host the Sadie Hawkins Dance. Sadie Hawkins is a chance for the girls to ask the boys to a dance, but where exactly did Sadie Hawkins Dance come from? Is Sadie Hawkins a real person?
According to 'Today I Found Out', Sadie Hawkins is a cartoon series -turned musical- created by Al Cap in the 1934. The series successfully ran for 40 years.
"She was a character in his popular cartoon Lil' Abner, set in the hillbilly town of Dogpatch that began its wildly successful 40 year run in 1934."
In the series Sadie is a 15 year old girl whom no one has come to court. Her father, Hekzebiah Hawkins, becomes increasingly frantic as the years pass by. Her father hatches the plan to find his daughter a husband, so that he doesn't have to support his spinster, daughter for the rest of their lives.
The father's plan is to round up all the eligible bachelors in the town and have a race. The men line up and the dad fires a shot signaling them to run. A few seconds later, after they've had a head start he fires the gun again signaling Sadie to run.
The other women in the town think this race is a wonderful idea and think that Sadie Hawkins Day should become a holiday. The law states that is the women can catch a man and drag him back across the starting line, fighting the whole way back, before the sun goes down, the man has to marry her.
The Sadie Hawkins Dance does not come into play until later in the series. The Dance takes place the evening before the big race. The women wear 'hob-nailed boots' (TodayIfoundout.com) to "unintentionally" stomp the toes of the men in the race. This creates a problem for the men because a bruised or broken foot hinders their ability to run from the soon-to-be-brides.
Sadie Hawkins Day was originally sometime in November whenever Capp decided to put Sadie Hawkins back into the comic strip. However, due to the popularity of the holiday, Sadie Hawkins Day became a whole day extravaganza. Sadie Hawkins Day is traditionally celebrated on the first Saturday after November 9th.
This year Chelsea High has decided to celebrate the Holiday on Thursday, March 26. The Dance proceeds will go to the Student Government Association. The ticket prices are $5 dollars for a single ticket, and $8 for a couple.
Today, Sadie Hawkins Dances are a less formal gathering. Some couples decide to wear matching colors to the dance so every one knows they came together. Many schools put on the Sadie Hawkins dance so students have a less formal option opposed to prom or homecoming where dresses and tux are very expensive and mandatory. The dance is a worry free, relaxed atmosphere for the students to just enjoy themselves and have fun.
Although Sadie Hawkins is mainly thought of as an enjoyable, exciting time it hasn't always been a fun experience for everyone.
According to aboutstyle.com "After an episode of Disney's Lizzie McGuire series centered about the middle school drama of a Sadie Hawkins dance, the creators behind Li'l Abner tried – and failed – to sue Disney over their unauthorized use of 'Sadie Hawkins.'"
But what is the future for this iconic dance, many people feel the dance is irrelevant for the present time. The idea that girls have to have permission to ask out a boy, could be sending the wrong message to young women, creating an atmosphere of imbalanced leadership in the relationship. Why should there have to be a specific holiday or dance for the woman to be allowed to ask out a man? Haven't we overcome the obstacles in this country of equality, and why would we want to instill the opinion that a woman must have permission to ask a man to a dance? Many people believe that because of this the Sadie Hawkins Dance is outdated and will soon be retired along with many other ideals that never made it to the 2000's.
Information gathered from TodayIfoundout.com and Aboutstyle.
Upcoming Lady Hornets Soccer Season
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Mockbul Ali, OBE (born 6 March 1981) is a British diplomat and the current British Ambassador to the Dominican Republic and the Republic of Haiti.

Early life
Ali is of Bengali South Asian heritage and was born in the UK. He is a graduate of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. He later completed his postgraduate studies at the  Royal College of Defence Studies, and has a master's degree in international security and strategy from King's College London.

Career
Ali joined the then Foreign and Commonwealth Office in 2002. He has held a number of roles in London, including as a policy adviser on the wider Muslim world to three former Foreign Secretaries. His overseas diplomatic postings have included Political Counsellor in Egypt, Chief of Staff to the British Prime Minister's Special Envoy to Libya and British Deputy Ambassador to Bahrain.

In 2019, he was appointed the British Ambassador to the Dominican Republic and Haiti.

Awards and recognition
In 2009, he was listed as one of The 500 Most Influential Muslims globally.

Ali was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2010 Queen's Birthday Honours.

He also received the Royal College of Defence Studies Award for Strategic Leadership in 2014, and was the first civilian to do so.

Personal life
Ali is a British Muslim by background.

See also
British Diplomats

References

1981 births
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
English Muslims
English people of Bangladeshi descent
Civil servants from London
Diplomats from London
Political campaign staff
Labour Party (UK) officials
Alumni of SOAS University of London
Graduates of the Royal College of Defence Studies
Alumni of King's College London
Officers of the Order of the British Empire

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Northwest Climate Adaptation Science Center is excited to welcome our 2018-2019 Fellows as they kick off their actionable science training this winter through their Knowledge to Action seminar course. These Fellows represent each of our five consortium universities across Washington, Idaho and Montana. In addition to receiving training in actionable science, each Fellow will conduct research in close collaboration with natural resource managers and decision-makers to produce accessible science on climate change impacts and adaptation actions in the Northwest. We are thrilled to have these new Fellows on our NW CASC team, helping advance our mission of safeguarding the natural and cultural resources of our region!


text:
Query inspired by Princess Ka`iulani article
This comment was just posted to Henry Curtis' article Princess Ka`iulani (5/15/2010). Since the article is old and comments aren't very visible unless you want to click and read them, it would go unnoticed. So I'm promoting it here as an article.
Henry wrote about his impressions and concerns after attending opening night of the film (click the link above to read). The commenter is asking for some reliable references (see the end of the comment).
I visited and was impressed by her website. I hope that some of you might send suggestions her way.
--Larry
Greetings. I just wanted say that I saw this film last night for the very first time via Netflix. I have known nothing of the actual history of Hawaii beyond a cursory mention of King Kamehameha in some far distant text book in middle school. I grew up in Southern California so surfing was a part of the culture. My mother fell in love with a Hawai'ian boy when she was a girl. My grandfather played his guitar Hawai'ian-style. I read A Different Mirror: A Multicultural History of the United States by Ronald Takaki in the late 1990s and as an activist in Virginia working to reclaim Richmond's oldest municipal African Burial Ground from its 2nd asphalt blanket of a parking lot at the hands of our local university, I knew that Hawai'i was a victim of criminal US imperialism. As an African-Norwegian-American woman I could see clearly that few to no Hawai'ians were involved in the writing and directing of the film. On sight, I accepted that Ms. Kilcher might have Polynesian ancestry of some kind, so I was a little startled to read that she is Incan/Swiss. I also think she is a fine actress who did a good job at some key moments in the film. All that said, I did not watch this historical dramatization with any conviction that it would all turn out to be true, especially in its timeline and interpersonal or political details. It was a story. What it did for me and my husband was to drive us to the internet this morning looking for sites and booklists that COULD give us 1) a history of Hawai'i, 2) a factual account of Ka'iulani's life, and 3) a sense of what Hawai'ians thought of this film - in general as well as from the perspective of those engaged in the struggle for self-determination. For stimulating our curiosity, I am grateful for this film. However, my real purpose in commenting here is to share that while I am not usually facinated by "royalty", one thing that occurred to me while watching this film was the way in which a monarch, especially of a society being deliberately obliterated, whose life is steeped in the profound and mundane rituals of their society can come, at a key moment, to embody RESISTANCE simply because they embody their culture. That is clearly as powerful a symbol as a resistance fighter dying on the fields and was strengthened for me by seeing the videos and articles that so fiercely defend the integrity of this woman against the detraction and trivialization of contemporary pop culture filmmaking. That she died so young, even if pneumonia was the practical cause, adds to the sense of a nation's recognition that the old way has died and the new ways are not yet revealed. And yet, we fight. I agree wholeheartedly that "It is time for the Kanaka Maoli/Kanaka Maoli-supporter film/documentarist/writing community to make a PONO documentary free from oversexualized, pseudo-Hawaiian silliness and fact-morphing: a film that "stars" Ka'iulani as herself...in her own photos, her own letters, in the accounts of the Hawaiian language press and other accurate period records." I respectfully look forward to that event. In the meantime, I would appreciate recommendations for books on the history of the Kanaka/Maoli people.
Ana Edwards
Chair, Sacred Ground Historical Reclamation Project, sacredgroundproject.blogspot.com
Host, DefendersLIVE, defendersliveradio.blogspot.com
Permalink posted by Larry @ 11/26/2011 04:55:00 PM
Aloha Ana,
It is impressive that you take the time to voice your thoughts on this film, even though it is a long time since its release. I refuse to spend even a dollar to see it.
There were indeed many kanaka maoli disturbed about the whole script, the production company, the carte blanche access to the Palace and all the priceless furnishings.
By the way, the state doesnʻt allow kanakas to hold their yearly conventions on the grounds anymore yet fundraising cocktail parties have been written into the new Palace rules for state employees to use or private corporations who want to rent the Palace.
Henry Noa, the duly elected Prime Minister of the Reinstated Lawful Hawaiian Government was on YouTube objecting to and asking for a rewrite of the script because the whole story was a blatant slap in the face of Hawaiian history (as usual) they all want to rewrite Hawaiian history.
The original title of this film was to be: Barbarian Princess until the uproar and protest made them change it.
The production crew was a former porno company that was allowed access to the interior like you would not believe. They ʻsaidʻ they made replicas of the furniture for filming. They were mandated to wear booties when inside yet I have pictures of crew members crawling through the window with black boots. The interior is temperature and light controlled yet the upstairs windows were left open for long periods of time and the hot lamps were blasted directly into the thrown room for hours at a time several feet away. The front lawn had straw/hay brought in and covered the grounds with apparently no consideration of recent termite extermination job that is conducted at a very high cost.
Lots of other protocols were just dismissed by the state to let this hinky, cheesy film be made.
I still wonder if the original furnishings are still in there and if it wasnʻt just a job to case the place...which would have returns far more profitable than the film if items were stolen. If they were stolen and dupes remain, guaranteed no one would want to fess up to the error they made in letting this occur.
Anyway, thank you for your interest and time to write. Please check out YouTube for the protests and comments. Infuriating.
aloha and thank you Henry and Larry.
# posted by Anonymous : November 27, 2011 at 4:58:00 PM HST


text:
Passiflora herbertiana
Ker Gawl.
Disemma herbertiana DC.
Murucuia herbertiana (Ker Gawl.) Sweet
Passiflora herbertiana is a perennial climbing plant wih stems up to 9 metres long; it scrambles through the surrounding vegetation, attaching itself by means of tendrils.
The plant is harvested from the wild for local use as a food. It is grown as an ornamental.
Flora of the Sydney Region
Carolin. R. & Tindale. M.
Reed. Australia.
Concise flora with little beyond an extensive key, species descriptions, very brief habitat description.
Australia - New South Wales and Queensland
Along the edges of rainforests and partly cleared areas[
Passion Flowers
Vanderplank. J.
Cassell. London.
An excellent book on passion flowers, giving information on hardy species and how to grow the less hardy in greenhouses etc. A bit lacking at times on specific information on hardyness. Excellent photographs.
]. Widespread in moist forests near the coast and further inland[
Flora of New South Wales
http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/floraonline.htm
An on-line resource giving a brief botanical description of all the native plants of New South Wales, their habitat and range, together with diagrams and photographs of the plants.
Habit Climber
Growth Rate Fast
Self-fertile No
Cultivation Status Ornamental, Wild
Passiflora herbertiana is native to eastern Australia, from the tropics of Queensland to the warm temperate climate of southern New South Wales. Plants are not very frost tolerant, though the roots are somewhat hardier and can survive the winter outdoors if the soil is prevented from freezing[
The Garden. Volume 112.
RHS.
Snippets of information from the magazine of the RHS. In particular, there are articles on plants that are resistant to honey fungus, oriental vegetables, Cimicifuga spp, Passiflora species and Cucurbits.
]. If plants are cut down to the ground by frost they can regenerate from the base[
Prefers a sunny position. Requires a well-drained soil with plenty of moisture in the growing season, otherwise it is not fussy[
Growing Unusual Fruit.
Simmons. A. E.
David & Charles; Newton Abbot.
A very readable book with information on about 100 species that can be grown in Britain (some in greenhouses) and details on how to grow and use them.
]. Passiflora species generally grow best in a sheltered, sunny position or in dappled shade. Most species are found in the wild in moist but well-drained soils, generally of a lighter texture, and will often flower and fruit more heavily if the soil fertility is low. They often develop deep roots and can be moderately tolerant of dry spells. Most Passiflora species prefer a neutral to slightly alkaline soil, growing best where the pH is around 6. 5 - 7.5[
Roots of outdoor grown plants should be restricted in order to encourage fruiting[
Any pruning is best carried out in the spring[
Gardening on Walls
Grey-Wilson. C. & Matthews. V.
A nice little book about plants for growing against walls and a small section on plants that can grow in walls.
If fruit is required, especially when the plant is grown indoors, it is best to hand pollinate, using pollen from a flower that has been open for 12 hours to pollinate a newly opened flower before midday[
]. The flowers open in sunny weather and do not open on dull cloudy days[
A fast-growing, climbing plant, attaching itself to other plants by means of tendrils that are produced at the leaf axils.
Plants in this genus are notably resistant to honey fungus[
Fruit - raw or cooked[
]. The white, fragrant pulp has a tasty flavour. The green, subglobose fruit is up to 7cm long[
Trade Winds Fruit
http://www.tradewindsfruit.com/index.htm
The on-line catalogue of a company selling seeds. Gives descriptions, photos and uses of a very wide range of fruit and other food-producing plants plus ornamentals.
The leaves and roots of some, if not all, members of this genus contain a substance called 'passiflorina' which has similaritiesr to morphine and is an effective tranquilizer[
Dicionário das Plantas Úteis do Basil e das Exóticas Cultivadas Vol. 5
Corrêa M. Pio & Penna L. de Azeredo
Ministério da Agricultura; Rio de Janeiro
A massive work in six volumes, first published in the 1920's and revised in the 1970's. Written in Portuguese.
]. We have no specific information for this species but many species are used in herbal infusions to calm the nerves and help bring about a restful sleep[
The leaves of many species are also considered to be anthelmintic, antihysteric and diaphoretic. They are used in Brazil to combat intermittent fevers, cutaneous inflammations, and erysipelas[
Pre-soak the seed for 12 hours in warm water and then sow late winter or early spring in a warm greenhouse. If sown in January and grown on fast it can flower and fruit in its first year[
]. The seed germinates in 1 - 12 months at 20°c. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to handle. It you are intending to grow the plants outdoors, it is probably best to keep them in the greenhouse for their first winter and plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts. Mulch the roots well in late autumn to protect them from the cold.
Cuttings of young shoots, 15cm with a heel, in spring[
Leaf bud cuttings in spring.
Cuttings of fully mature wood in early summer. Takes 3 months. High percentage[
Cite as: Temperate Plants Database, Ken Fern. temperate.theferns.info. 2023-01-29. <temperate.theferns.info/plant/Passiflora+herbertiana>
Captcha: subtract 1 from 12


text:
Правова система — це комплекс взаємозалежних і узгоджених юридичних засобів, призначених для регулювання суспільних відносин, а також юридичних явищ, що виникають унаслідок такого регулювання (правові норми, правові принципи, правосвідомість, законодавство, правові відносини
та ін.).

В такому значенні йдеться про національну правову систему (наприклад, України), субнаціональну (правова система суб'єкта федерації), наднаціональну (правова система ЄС), релігійну (наприклад, канонічна).

У широкому значенні — позначає поняття «правова сім'я».

Риси правової системи
 Правова система є одним з різновидів соціальної системи.
 Правова система формується, як правило, у межах певної держави, хоч і у деяких випадках правова система може виходити за межі держави і охоплювати соціальні системи різних країн.
 Правові системи мають різний ступінь розвитку.
 Правова система формується під впливом об'єктивних історичних чинників, які є унікальними для кожного суспільства та зумовлюють різноманітність правових систем.
 Правова система складається з різнорідних елементів.
 Правова система характеризується цілісністю.
 Правова система має відносно стійкий характер у часі.
 Правонаступництво — в разі зміни державних форм організації суспільства, правові системи зберігають свою сутність та основні риси.

Структура правової системи
Структура правової системи — це стійка єдність елементів правової системи, їх зв'язків, цілісності, зв'язків елементів із цілим.
Структуру правової системи становлять:
 суб'єкти права — фізичні особи (громадяни, іноземці, особи без громадянства та ін.), юридичні особи — комерційні і некомерційні організації, держава, соціальні спільності та ін.
 правові норми і принципи.
 правові відносини, правова поведінка, юридична практика, режим функціонування правової системи.
 правова ідеологія, правосвідомість, правові погляди, правова культура.
 зв'язки між названими елементами, що визначають результат їх взаємодії — законність, правопорядок.

Взаємодія елементів правової системи суспільства дозволяє виділити п'ять підсистем її функціонування.
 інституційну — суб'єктний склад як такий, що створює систему, чинник усієї правової системи;
 нормативну (регулятивну) — правові норми і принципи, що регулюють відносини між суб'єктами права, що об'єктивовані та систематизовані в нормативно-правових актах;
 ідеологічну — праворозуміння кожної людини, її правосвідомість і правова культура;
 функціональну — правотворчість, правореалізація, правозастосування, правове виховання, правовідносини, юридична практика. Через них формується, змінюється, здійснюється дія норм права;
 комунікативну — інтегративні зв'язки всіх підсистем функціонування правової системи суспільства в цілому, які визначають ефективність правового регулювання, законність і правопорядок.

Критерії класифікації правових систем

Класифікація правових систем світу здійснюється за такими критеріями:

 спільність історичних коренів виникнення та подальший розвиток;
 спільність основного юридичного джерела права;
 єдність у структурі системи і норми права;
 спільність принципів регулювання суспільних відносин;
 єдність юридичної техніки, у тому числі термінології, юридичних категорій, понять, конструкцій.

Коли правові системи, об'єднані спільністю історичного формування, структурою права, та іншими важливими критеріями, формують сукупність,- то утворюється правова сім'я.

Загальна характеристика правових сімей

1. Романо-германська сім'я (континентальна або нормативно-акта).

Докладніше Романо-германська правова сім'я

Характерними рисами її є:
 домінування нормативно-правового акта як джерела права (форма);
 поділ системи права на публічне та приватне право;
 диференціація та кодифікація галузей права;
 нормативність права, розгляд норм права як загального правила поведінки, встановленого законодавцем.

Правові системи, що належать до цієї сім'ї:

 романська група правових систем (Італія, Франція, Іспанія та ін.);
 германська група (Німеччина, Австрія та Україна та ін..);
 скандинавська група (Швеція, Данія, Норвегія, Фінляндія, Ісландія);
 латиноамериканська (Аргентина, Бразилія, Чилі, Парагвай, Уругвай та ін.);
 східно-європейська (Росія, Білорусь).

2. Англо-американська правова сім'я (система загального права або судово-прецедентна).

Докладніше Англосаксонська правова сім'я

Ознаки:
 Відсутність рецепції римського права.
 Суддівський за своєю природою та змістом характер права.
 Розвиток загального права юристами-практиками.
 Менш абстрактний характер норм, ніж у романо-германському праві.
 Виокремлення в англосаксонському праві прецедентного та статутного права
 Непоширеність кодификації.

Правові системи, що належать сюди:

 правова система Англії;
 правова система США;
 правові системи країн Співдружності нації.

3. Релігійна правова сім'я:

Докладніше Релігійна правова сім'я

Характерні риси:

 Нерозривний зв'язок з релігією.
 Персональний характер дії права.
 Часто не визнається принцип формальної рівності прав людини.

Правові системи, що належать до цієї сім'ї:
 ісламське право (Саудівська Аравія, Іран, Лівія, Пакистан, Єгипет, Сирія, Мавританія та ін.);
 канонічне право (Ватикан);
 юдейське право (Ізраїль);
 індуське право (Індія, Бірма, Сінгапур, Малайзія).

4. Традиційна (звичаєва) правова сім'я:

Докладніше Традиційна правова сім'я

Ознаки:
 Домінуюче місце у системі джерел права-звичаїв і традицій, що мають, як правило, неписаний характер.
 Юридична доктрина не відіграє суттєвої ролі в юридичному житті даних суспільств.
 Законодавство та правовий прецедент не набувають певного значення як джерела права.

До неї належать — японське право, далекосхідне право, звичаєве право окремих держав Азії, Океанії, звичаєве племінне право американських індіанців та африканське звичаєве право.

5. Сім'я соціалістичних правових систем:

Докладніше Соціалістичні правові системи

До неї відносять національні правові системи сучасних Китаю, Північної Кореї, Куби.

Віддиференційовані та невіддиференційовані правові системи
Віддиференційовані правові системи — різновид правових систем, у яких право існує як відокремлене, відносно самостійне явище по відношенню до релігії, моралі, звичаю, політики, ідеології. Ці правові системи утворюють дві сім'ї: сім'ю романо-германського (континентального) права і сім'ю загального (прецедентного) права.

Невіддиференційовані правові системи — різновид правових систем, в яких існує нерозривний зв'язок права з іншими регуляторами і цінностями. Вони об'єднуються в наступні правові сім'ї: релігійна правова сім'я; традиційна правова сім'я; далекосхідна правова сім'я.

Література
 Загальна теорія держави і права — Цвік М. В.,Петришин О. В., Авраменко Л. В. — Харків, 2009.
 Луць Л. А. Сучасні правові системи світу. / Львів: ЛНУ ім. Івана Франка, 2003.
 Скакун О. Ф. Теорія держави і права: Підручник / Пер. з рос. — Харків: Консум, 2001.
 Вступ до теорії правових систем: Монографія/ За редакцією Зайчука О.В., Оніщенко Н.М.–  К.: Юридична думка, 2006. – 430 с.
 Оніщенко Н.М. Правова система: проблеми теорії: Монографія.-К.: Ін-держави і права ім.. В.М. Корецького НАН України, - 2002. - С. 53 -55.
Нестерович В.Ф. Органи судової влади як об'єкти лобіювання в Україні – виклик національній правовій системі / В.Ф. Нестерович // Вісник Верховного Суду України. – 2010. – № 3. – С. 38-42.
 Порівняльне правознавство: Підручник/ За заг.ред. В.Д. Ткаченка. – Х.: Право, 2003. – 270 с.
 Хаустова  М.Г.  Національна  правова  система  за умов розбудови правової демократичної державності в Україні.–Х.: Право, 2008.– 160 с.
 Правова система України: історія, стан та перспективи: у5 т. – Т.1: Методологічні та історико-теоретичні проблеми формування і розвитку правової системи України/ за Заг.ред. М.В.Цвіка, О.В.Петришина. – Х.: Право, 2008 – 728 с.
 Про Загальнодержавну програму адаптації законодавства України до законодавства Європейського Союзу: Закон України//Відом. Верхов. Ради України. – 2004. – №29. – Ст.7.

Див. також

 Система права
 Правова сім'я
 Право
 Правознавство
 Теорія держави і права
 Правові системи Азії
 Правові системи Африки
 Правові системи Північної Америки
 Правові системи Європи

Посилання
 Правова система //
 Виховання правове //
 Типологія правових систем //

Література
Наднаціональна правова система //
Національна правова система //
Правова система //

Примітки

Правознавство
Право
Теорія держави і права
Правотворення


Sagna and Fabregas join long list of Gunners who moved to English rivals.
Following two major dagger-to-heart deals for Arsenal fans in the last 24 hours, fanatix looks at other big names that later turned out for their Premier League rivals – including three of their former captains.
With news just breaking this afternoon of Bacary Sagna's decision to move to Manchester City after seven years at the Emirates Stadium, gooners everywhere will now have to face seeing a host of their former stars wearing the colours of their rivals next season, as Chelsea's new signing Cesc Fabregas will be up there with Manchester United striker Robin van Persie as a new hate figure for the club despite many years of great service.
Sagna will be the sixth big name in recent years to make the move from Arsenal to City, with the five others making up half of our list below.
A player who started his career as one of the most promising youngsters coming through Arsenal's academy, it must be said that David Bentley's career took a downward turn when he joined the Gunners' north London rivals Tottenham.
The midfielder had impressed greatly during a spell with Blackburn Rovers before making a big-money move to White Hart Lane in what turned out to be one of Spurs' worst purchases.
At the time, however, it was a blow for Arsenal fans to see a player they had once hoped to do the business in a red and white shirt sporting the colours of their neighbours, and of course he scored a memorable long-distance volley against his old employers at the Emirates Stadium in a thrilling 4-4 draw that will probably go down as the single high point of his time with Tottenham.


text:
May-June
The "Grill the ID Guys" Event at Biola
On the way to the "Intelligent Design Under Fire" event (also referred to as "Grill the ID Guys") at Biola University, my wife asked me what she should expect. I considered for a few moments and replied, "Well, if the past is any indication you will probably see responses from the 'intelligent design' (ID) guys that begin with a good bit of geniality, and then make a cursory attempt to address the question before digressing into something unrelated about which they wish to talk; that and complaining that a question is unfair, or else ignoring it altogether." As we merged with the crowd meandering toward the auditorium, we noticed that some were wearing shirts with Bible excerpts on the back. "Oh, and watch the audience," I said. "Depending on how it's played, this whole thing could end up being about them."
Waiting for the coals
John Bloom, the event's organizer, took the stage and explained how it all came about. He had noticed that the best part of similar events he had attended were the Q&A sessions, so he put together two panels he thought might produce an interesting discussion. One panel consisted of "intelligent design"'s leading proponents — Stephen Meyer, Jonathan Wells, Michael Behe, Guillermo Gonzalez, and Paul Nelson — and another representing ID's "toughest critics" (see sidebar, p 7) — philosopher Antony Flew, columnist and philosopher Charlotte Laws, television correspondent Keith Morrison, retired geology professor Larry Herber, and three faculty members from California State University at Fullerton — James Hofmann (Professor and Chair of Liberal Studies), Craig M Nelson (lecturer in comparative religion), and Bruce Weber (Professor of Biochemistry). Morrison and Laws described themselves as confused but interested outsiders. During the event, Herber made one comment which ended up being more of a clarification of uniformitarianism, and Flew never spoke. It was Hofmann, Weber, and Nelson who asked most of the informed questions.
After introducing both panels, Bloom had Stephen Meyer present a short primer on ID. Once Meyer finished his introduction to ID (essentially undiluted and unrebutted boilerplate), Bloom started things off by encouraging a question from the critics. This format — critic asks question, ID proponents answer — could be effective, but one of its drawbacks is that the interaction can become unfocused. What I have tried to do in this account is to focus on the advertised purpose of this event, the salient questions asked, and the answers given.
Let the grilling begin
Question 1. Morrison began by asking, "What kind of intelligent being are you proposing, or are you proposing any specific intelligent being?" Meyer looked to his mates briefly, and, after a digression into how the media report ID poorly, he explained that there is a difference between the theory and the religious beliefs of those who hold it. He repeated that ID infers only intelligence, not a specific entity. Critics of ID are quite familiar with this non-response. Thus the first question is met with hand-waving and evasion. Not an auspicious beginning.
Q2. Morrison continued, observing that ID is being embraced by people who take the Bible literally, while scientists and progressive Christians largely dismiss it. He wondered if those on the ID panel were comfortable with that. Michael Behe answered that he was not, but then protested, "Most people don't understand 'intelligent design', and try to fit it into pre-existing categories. Certainly that's true of the scientific community; most people have a skewed view of 'intelligent design' there." Behe went on to expound on initial reactions to the Big Bang (the first of several Big Bang excursions) and how the cell is "incredibly sophisticated technology" (one among many "machine" references). Behe can be credited with a half-answer to this question.
After a bit more discussion, John Bloom got the Fullerton contingent involved. Hofmann suggested that ID can attain legitimacy only by way of evaluation at the relevant conferences and in the appropriate journals, not at Biola (formerly called the Bible Institute of Los Angeles). This brought murmurs of disapproval. Hofmann then introduced Bruce Weber.
Q3. Weber presented several slides that documented studies examining exaptation as a reasonable naturalistic explanation for the evolution of "irreducible complexity" (IC). He noted that research on exaptation is a work in progress, but with very real research results. In contrast, where, he asked, is the ID research? And "why would a scientist abandon the productive research program of the Darwinian modern evolutionary synthesis for one informed by 'intelligent design'?" Behe responded with the opaque observation that what Weber had shown is not really new or supportive research, but "just regular biochemistry which is being spun in a Darwinian fashion." He went on to ignore the question and renew his battle with Ken Miller by showing slides and repeating previous arguments. After Weber tried to get back to his question, Behe attempted to refute recent research on the evolution of complexity (Bridgham and others 2006). Soon thereafter Meyer jumped in and digressed into possible Type III secretory system arguments, asserted that Behe has not been proved wrong and suggesting that proposed naturalistic pathways do not cut it. "Intelligent design" proponents typically attempt to cover the deficiencies of the IC argument in this way — shifting the burden of proof. But the criticism from biologists is of the in-principle argument that there cannot be an evolutionary explanation, and as such does not call for tested and replicated research; it simply requires empirically defensible hypotheses.
At this point, Paul Nelson joined the discussion. He continued Meyer's impassioned defense of Behe, directly addressing the crowd as he complained bitterly about "two sets of rules" preventing guys like Behe from publishing in the scientific literature. The audience applauded vigorously. Meyer carried on playing to the house by recounting the supposedly unfair treatment of Richard von Sternberg in the aftermath of his resignation as editor of the Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington after accusations that he manipulated the peer-review process to publish Meyer's paper on the Cambrian explosion. Finally, he asserted that "we cannot take peer-review … [as] the gold standard of scientific literacy." This elicited more applause.
And Weber's long-forgotten question remained unanswered.
Q4. Trying to get back on track, Hofmann talked about research on human chromosome #2 and the data that strongly support a fusion event in the evolution of humans. The point was about specificity of empirical questions (where, when, and how?) in preparation for his next question. For ID to be taken seriously as a science, Hofmann said, it must address two questions: When did a design event take place and how did it take place?
Meyer quickly responded to this with a protest directed primarily to the audience. He complained that design critics set forth rules on the methodology of science, assume their acceptance, and then proceed to dismiss ID on the basis of not following these methodological rules. Returning to the question, he argued that his own work shows that the Cambrian is a good candidate for when an act of design might have taken place (Meyer 2004). He added that the origin of life and the origin of intelligence are other possibilities. "So in fact we do say when, and moreover we say how," he argued, "we say it was done by an act of intelligence." Of course Hofmann meant that ID needs to address these questions empirically. Meyer ignored the need to test his hypothesis (a designer) as well as the requirement to establish testable mechanisms by which the intelligent intervention occurred. Meyer repeated his disdain for the "rules," suggesting that they be changed to accommodate different kinds of explanation.
Jonathan Wells took advantage of the ensuing lull to return to the question of "consensus". He argued that because of previous changes in the scientific consensus (for example, failed ideas such as geocentrism and the fact that at one time even Darwinism was considered incorrect), we should not be so willing to trust the consensus. Hofmann responded that those failed ideas were overturned as a result of the scientific process. Despite Meyer's sparest of partial answers, another question lingered in limbo.
Q5. After some discussion of information, Weber proceeded to ask Behe whether the blood-clotting cascade qualifies as a case of intelligent intervention. Behe replied that "these are difficult questions to address" and that we should not jump to "premature and unjustified conclusions." Meyer interceded to mention again how intelligence is necessary to build digital code, at which point Weber circled back to the earlier issue and suggested that there are natural mechanisms that can produce an increase in information. Meyer decided to answer Weber with a question: "Do you all have an explanation for the information that is necessary for the origin of life?" Weber noted that it is an active area of research. Meyer repeated the question, then scuttled off into an argument about ribozyme engineering.
Behe judged this a good time for him to turn the tables with a question as well, so he asked Weber and the others if they did not already agree that science has reached its limits on these biological questions, "When would you think so?" The audience chuckled knowingly. Meyer complained again about the "rules" of scientific materialism. Weber's question received only more questions.
Q6. Hofmann then asked how far they would be willing to go in abandoning methodological naturalism. Paul Nelson agreed readily that science cannot appeal to magic, and then appealed to the vanity of the audience, musing that "no natural law, no physical process, no algorithm can possibly explain what we're doing here. … It's not spooky, but it's not strictly material either," he said. Upon reflection, his point reduces to: "There's science, there's magic, and then there's the non-material causal agency that we like to infer." Unfortunately, he neglected to explain how this last category is empirically distinguishable from magic. Hofmann responded that science must operate by way of methodological naturalism, otherwise causal inference might be left open to miracles. Behe rejoined with another question: "How would you categorize the Big Bang?"
Q7. Hofmann now got Craig M Nelson involved. Nelson returned to the notion of consensus and asked when ID panelists would consider such a thing important. Meyer answered that they are not saying consensus is not important (of course, in fact they had just said exactly that!); rather, Meyer complained that the position of ID proponents is not even being considered, because their detractors simply appeal to consensus and never listen to what they have to say. It did not seem to occur to Meyer that what they have to say has been considered and rejected. An excellent reason for which rejection might be non-responsive performances such as the one occurring this very evening.
Q8. Bloom brought Charlotte Laws into the discussion. Laws observed that ID is being pushed into schools and asked the panel for their views as to why. Meyer noted that the debate involves the intersection of cultural and scientific ideas regarding origins and implied that people generally get carried away with the religious implications of ID theory. Laws tried to get back to the question, saying that she thinks the movement might have something to do with a general distrust of science, an observation that science currently appears to be vulnerable, and the influence of postmodernism. She also admitted that she thinks it is fine for ID to be in classrooms because it is philosophy and wondered how the panel felt it should be taught.
Wells remarked that they do not advocate required teaching of ID. In fact, he went on to say, ID is already in the textbooks, making reference to a stack of textbooks that he says include a section on ID. (Wells is not always reliable about the content of textbooks; see Camp 2005.) Paul Nelson picked up on this theme, noting that prominent evolutionary biologist George Williams wrote a book in which he discusses whether the vertebrate eye is "wise" design (Williams 1992: 72–3). During further discussion, Meyer came back to the subject of methodological naturalism. He opined that this rule prevents us from concluding design. Of course it does not; archaeologists and forensic scientists conclude design all the time. This is another case of ID proponents' using ambiguous language to confuse listeners to their advantage. Meyer went on to offer another reverse question, asking: "Let's just say, for the sake of argument: The universe really is designed. Would you ever be able to tell, as a scientist, if you held that rule … ?" The gathering rumbled its approval. Laws's query was largely ignored.
Q9. Craig M Nelson extrapolated from Meyer's question to ask one of his own, wondering why theistic evolution is not an acceptable explanation. Is there some reason God could not have worked in that fashion? Behe answered that God can do whatever he wants. Aside from Behe's dismissive non-answer, there was no response to Nelson's query.
Q10. In wrapping up the evening, Bloom reserved to himself the right to ask one last question of the ID panel. "What do you think it would take for 'intelligent design' to be accepted in scientific circles?" Wells answered first. He agreed with an earlier observation that ID needs to be fruitful. He then said that there is real ID research going on around the world. Meyer prodded Wells to talk about his "cancer research". Wells allowed that he would be doing some ID-inspired work that may have cancer implications. Meyer, not content with waiting for the results of the study, proceeded to drive home his point, saying Wells's work is a "direct application of irreducible complexity and design".
Paul Nelson answered next. He agreed with Wells, accepting that scientists want to see results and "new knowledge". Meyer followed by taking issue with Nelson and Wells. He stated that ID does not need to lead to new knowledge and it is already fruitful. Then he mentioned recent studies that suggest "Darwinism has been unfruitful". He moved on to assert that ID is attracting a following and implied that it is only the entrenched majority that is denying "intelligent design" its due. This will come, he suggested, as a result of retirement and turnover in academia.
Behe lined up with Meyer. "It's nice to make a prediction," he said, but the "question is: 'Does this idea explain what we see?'" Judging from the alternative he offers, Behe apparently does not feel the idea must "explain what we see" in an empirically testable fashion. After this, Bloom invited the audience to give the critics (who were offered no chance to comment on the last question) a standing ovation. "They took a lot of heat," Bloom acknowledged, and the proceedings closed with applause.
I went to a cookout…
Let me emphasize that there was much more discussion than could be captured in this short note, but I have tried to concentrate on those moments when questions got asked and answers were attempted. As I tally it, critics asked ten significant questions, including Bloom's softball at the end. The responses to those ten questions included three half-answers (Q2, Q4, and Q10), three evasions (Q1, Q6, Q7), three ignored questions (Q3, Q8, Q9), and one (Q5) answered with a question (though reverse questions also played a part in other responses). Much of the time was spent in digression into matters of dubious relevance.
…and all I got was this bun
The tiny, hopeful part of me that thought, "maybe this time it'll be different" took a severe thrashing once again. My sardonic side, however, was pretty puffed up after this was over. Most of my pessimistic predictions were fulfilled, though familiarity with the history of these events would have led anyone else to the same sad expectations. There was nothing new to be heard this night. In fact, looking back on how few of the questions actually got answered and the form the responses took, it is hard to conclude that there is any acceptance on the part of the ID spokesmen that the "tough questions" even exist. They were either dodged, dismissed, or met with other questions.
One problem with the evening was that the encounter took place in front of an ID-sympathetic crowd. It is hard not to be cynical about the motives for this event when so much of the time ostensibly intended for answering "tough questions" was instead spent reading from the playbook and pumping up the home fans. But the biggest drawback was the clear lack of fortitude on the part of "ID's Top Proponents" to engage the inquiry they invited. The critics, especially Hofmann, Weber, and Craig M Nelson, tried to press them in some cases, but there was no mechanism for detailed examination such as was available in the trial in Dover. Thus, the advertised purpose of the event was swamped by a tide of tired complaints about persecution, repetition of stock talking points, and pronounced public-relations efforts to rally the faithful. It was a sharp portrait of "intelligent design" as a movement with few guiding principles other than the desire to continue to hang onto political market share. Though slowed by the events in Dover, it is clear that the ID machine is still rolling, if with no more scientific direction than before.
By Robert Camp
Review: Fatal Flaws
Review: Darwinian Conservatism
The Evolution of Biological Complexity
"Critical Analysis" Defeated in Ohio


text:
Starbucks Revamps Its Rewards to Keep Customers Coming Back
Danni Santana
Skift Table March 20, 2019
New year, new loyalty plan. That's the trend at national chains from Chipotle to Papa John's. Starbucks is the latest company to unveil a new plan to entice consumers.
On Tuesday, the coffee chain announced changes to its popular loyalty program, Starbucks Rewards — three years after the previous rollout in February 2016 received mixed reviews from customers. While the old version of Starbucks Rewards required customers to visit locations more frequently to earn free items, Starbucks' new loyalty play better caters to consumers that like to spend points as they earn them.
Beginning on April 16, Starbucks Rewards members can earn an extra shot of espresso, among other perks, after spending as little as $13 in store. Customers earn two "stars" for every dollar spent, redeemable for beverages, food, or even packaged coffee. Accrued points will no longer expire if they're earned via purchase on a Starbucks Visa or prepaid card, according to the company.
"Since introducing Starbucks Rewards ten years ago, we've experienced tremendous growth and continued to evolve the program to meet the changing needs and purchase patterns of our customers," said Matthew Ryan, Starbucks chief marketing officer, in a statement. "These new updates put choice in the hands of our customers and a personal touch they can only get from Starbucks."
Starbucks has teased changes to its rewards program since early last year. The platform, launched in 2009, is often regarded as the gold standard in the restaurant industry for its ability to turn online engagement into in-store sales. Starbucks Rewards currently has 16 million members as of the end of 2018, a 25 percent increase over the past two years. Roughly 40 percent of Starbucks' U.S. sales come from rewards members.
Last November, Ryan highlighted the importance of maintaining a robust program in order to control the customer relationship.
"Remember that we're not in a business of creating digital relationships for digital relationships' sake," he said during a company earnings call. "They're an enabler for us to communicate and talk to our customers. It is a way that we go to market. And by building that capability, it allows us to be less reliant on media and to be more reliant on customers pulling information from us in the future."
Rewards Can Boost Cold Beverage Sales
Starbucks' modified North American loyalty program comes as the company's domestic competitors continue to pump money into developing new drink options. The Seattle-based chain is also looking for a greater sales impact from its own cold beverage rollout last year.
On its fiscal 2019 first quarter earnings call, Starbucks said new beverages — including cold brew, iced espresso, and refreshers — delivered their highest contribution to comparable sales growth in more than two years due to pent-up demand. But CEO Kevin Johnson credited the majority of the company's 4 percent growth in same-store sales to higher average checks, largely coming from higher food prices.
"Our focus here is ongoing, led by the momentum we are seeing with cold beverages across multiple dayparts," said Johnson, on Starbucks' January earnings call, adding the company has expanded the availability of cold brew to 40 percent of its company-operated U.S. stores.
Domestic rival Dunkin' has also run into early troubles in rolling out its cold beverage lineup, it said last month. The company reported flat fourth quarter sales after it shelled out $65 million on new espresso equipment. Yet Starbucks Rewards could give the company an advantage in generating the sales spike it is looking for over its rival, with customers now more incentivized to earn points quickly. Starbucks has also recently announced plans to expand its U.S. delivery partnership with Uber Eats to one quarter of its U.S. stores by the summer to boost overall sales.
"Draft Nitro [also known as cold brew] beverages represent a significant opportunity for the brand. This platform is differentiated, provides theater and drives incrementality," Johnson said.
Subscribe to Skift newsletters covering the business of travel, restaurants, and wellness.
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text:
Calendar (Waterpark)
Calendar (Fun Park)
WELCOME TO OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF DAYTONA LAGOON
Click Here for Rain Day Guarantee
Park Rules and Regulations
Daytona Lagoon Launches $5 Go-Kart Night With NASCAR Driver Christian Rose
by dionmarketing | Sep 16, 2019 | Press Release | 0 comments
Daytona Lagoon Launches $5 Go-Kart Night
With NASCAR Driver Christian Rose
Daytona Beach, FL – Daytona Lagoon, Daytona Beach's Premier Waterpark and Family Entertainment Center, is kicking off Go-kart Night on Friday, October 4. The new special features $5 Go-kart rides every Friday from 5:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. Passengers can ride for $3 each. NASCAR Driver Christian Rose will be making an appearance at the inaugural event from 5:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m. for a free meet and greet, go-kart racing and photo opportunities.
"Daytona is where I saw my first race as a kid growing up," explains Christian Rose. "It means the world to me to be here as a race car driver to represent the community, and I am looking forward to meeting people from the area in hopes that my story can inspire others to chase their dreams."
Christian's desire to become a racecar driver started after meeting a member of car owner and Xfinity Series driver B.J. McLeod's crew while attending a race at Daytona International Speedway in July of 2017. Before he starting anything involving racing, his mother told him he had to get his college degree. After graduating from University of Maryland-Easter Shore in May 2018, he began his racing career.
"Racing is within the DNA of the Daytona Beach community, and we're excited to offer our guests a chance to feel the thrill of racing and even pit against NASCAR driver Christian Rose at our first Go-Kart Nights," explains general manager Tyler Currie. "We always look for low cost ways to bring people together and hope this is a start to a new Friday night tradition."
Daytona Lagoon also offers play wristbands that include unlimited access of indoor and outdoor park attractions. Attractions include Go-karts, Laser Tag, Sky Maze Ropes Course, Rock Wall, Mini-Golf and Island Hopper. Two-hour and All-day wristbands are available to purchase online. A 2-hour wristband after 6:00p.m. can be purchased onsite for only $18.99 per person. More details on pricing and hours of operation can be found online at https://daytonalagoon.com.
About Daytona Lagoon
Daytona Lagoon is Daytona Beach's Premier Waterpark and Family Entertainment Center. The park features a full day of fun for the entire family – whether you zap your friends in Laser Tag, or challenge them to a Go Kart race, or test one's skills in our MEGA Arcade, take a thrilling plunge down the waterslides, or just relax and float around the lazy river. There is something fun for everyone!
A Busy Family's Guide to New Year's Resolution
Tis the Season for Fun
4 Ways to Enjoy Your Fall with Family
Daytona Lagoon Unveils New Play All-Day Pass
Rev Up for Go Kart Night at Daytona Lagoon with NASCAR Driver Christian Rose!
Copyright DaytonaLagoon 2017 - All Rights Reserved
Subsidiary of United Parks LLC, www.UnitedParks.com


text:
Q: rsync how to exclude all in array with spaces? Directories:
$ cd /source/xxx/ && find deleteme/
deleteme/
deleteme/file
deleteme/ex me
deleteme/ex me/nono
deleteme/ex me/nono/a
deleteme/ex me/touch

Script:
#!/bin/bash

SOURCE=/source/xxx/deleteme/
TARGET=/media/xxx/
EXCLUDE=("ex me/*")
INCLUDE=("ex me/touch")

for i in "${!EXCLUDE[@]}"
do
  EXCLUDE[i]="--exclude=${EXCLUDE[i]}"
done

for i in "${!INCLUDE[@]}"
do
  INCLUDE[i]="--include=${INCLUDE[i]}"
done

rsync -avR --delete ${INCLUDE[@]} ${EXCLUDE[@]} "${SOURCE}" "${TARGET}"

Result:
$ cd /media/xxx/ && find deleteme/
deleteme/
deleteme/ex me
deleteme/ex me/nono
deleteme/ex me/nono/a
deleteme/ex me/touch
deleteme/file

Expected Result:
$ cd /media/xxx/ && find deleteme/
deleteme/
deleteme/ex me
deleteme/ex me/touch
deleteme/file

Question
How to get expected result?
Without the space "exme" it works.

A: You're missing quotes on the actual rsync invocation:
rsync -avR --delete "${INCLUDE[@]}" "${EXCLUDE[@]}" "${SOURCE}" "${TARGET}"
#...................^.............^.^.............^

That is crucial to get bash to expand the array into its elements.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Mark J. Skakun III
Of Counsel | Canton
Assistant | Michelle C. Reesey | [email protected]
I am a trial lawyer with a focus on commercial litigation and intellectual property litigation. I represent clients in complex lawsuits before judges and juries, and have done so for over 30 years.
Whether it's a contract dispute, theft or trade secret, patent or intellectual property problem, or any other type of business tort issue, I enjoy helping my clients navigate the sometimes difficult waters of civil litigation. The more complex the problem, the more clients seek my advice. Extremely complicated pieces of litigation, known as "Bet The Company" litigation, are my area of expertise.
My clients depend on me throughout every stage of the litigation process. I stay razor sharp every second because I understand my responses to unforeseen circumstances can determine if we win or lose. I work hard to ensure I give my clients the best trial representation possible, and I will do the same for you and your business.
Handles a wide range of litigation including:
Numerous oil and gas cases, including class actions
Unfair competition cases and trade secret litigation
ERISA special separation programs and/or pension claims, including class action suits
Employment discrimination cases
Virtually all areas of commercial litigation
Has extensive experience in federal litigation matters
Joined the firm as an associate attorney in 1977; was elected partner in 1982
Served three terms as vice president of the firm's board of managers
Prior to joining Buckingham, Doolittle & Burroughs, LLC, served a clerkship for Judge Contie, who was then of the U.S. District Court, Northern District of Ohio, late Circuit Judge
Case Western Reserve University School of Law, Cleveland Ohio (J.D., 1974)
University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana (B.A., 1971)
U.S. Tax Court
U.S. Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit Court
Life Member: U.S. Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit Court, Judicial Conference
U.S. Court of Appeals, Washington, D.C. Circuit
U.S. Court of Claims
U.S. District Court, Northern District of Ohio
Member: District Court, Northern District of Ohio, Civil Justice Reform Act (CJRA) Advisory Group
U.S. District Court, Western District of Wisconsin
Recognized as one of America's Top 100 Bet-The-Company Litigators® (2021)
Listed in Best Lawyers in America® (1995-2022
Named Best Lawyers in America® 'Lawyer of the Year' for Akron Bet-the-Company Litigation (2018)
Named Best Lawyers in America® 'Lawyer of the Year' for Akron Patent Litigation and Product Liability Litigation – Defendants (2015)
Recognized in Super Lawyers Business Edition® for Intellectual Property Litigation (2015)
Listed in The Best Lawyers in America® for practicing in: Bet-the-Company Litigation - Defendants, Intellectual Property, Product Liability, Commercial Litigation - Breach of Contract, Business Disputes, Civil Litigation, Commercial Disputes, Complex Litigation, Covenants Not to Compete, Intellectual Property, Criminal Defense: White-Collar - Federal, Litigation - Intellectual Property, Litigation - Patent, Product Liability Litigation – Defendants (2014)
Named Best Lawyers in America® 'Lawyer of the Year' for Akron Litigation – Intellectual Property (2014)
Listed in Ohio's Super Lawyers® as Top 100 (2009-2012)
Listed in Cleveland's Super Lawyers® as Top 50 (2009)
Recognized in Super Lawyers Corporate Counsel Edition® for Intellectual Property Litigation (2008-2010)
Recognized in Super Lawyers Business Edition® for Intellectual Property Litigation (2008-2010)
Martindale-Hubbell Peer Review Rating of AV Preeminent™, which is the highest possible rating in both legal ability and ethical standards as established by confidential opinions from members of the Bar.
Member: Scanlon Inn of Court
Member: Akron Bar Association
Presentations:

"Current Trends in Business and Commercial Litigation: How to Protect Your Company from Unfair Competition," ExecSense, Inc. (2012)

 Publications:

Co-Author: Chapter in the book "Intellectual Property Law 2007: Top Lawyers on Trends," Key Strategies for the Upcoming Year entitled "A Supreme Court Case that Was Never Decided: But Did the United States Patent and Trademark Office Get the Message?," Aspatore Books (2007)

Has edited Banks Baldwin Annotated, "Ohio Rules of Civil Procedure"

Contributing Author: "Inside the Minds, Developing an IP Strategy for Your Company," chapter entitled "Winning Legal Strategies," Aspatore Books (2005)


Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering conducted a two day workshop on Verilog on 26th and 27th September for the fifth semester students. This initiative is part of rider courses the department offers for the students to improve their skill set. Verilog, standardized as IEEE 1364, is a hardware description language (HDL) used to model electronic systems. It is most commonly used in the design and verification of digital circuits at the register-transfer level of abstraction. The workshop was beneficial to the students and was a strong platform for understanding and extracting key ideas of electronics system modeling.


Our Cherub Keepsake Heart Box is so lush and feminine.......perfect for keeping everything that is close to your heart! Covered in exquisite hand-bead, embroidered and sequined lace that has been hand-dyed in our signature 'romantic antique' shade of pink.
This medium size shade will look awesome on your table lamp! Made to match our 'Pink Cherub Collection'. Covered with our signature beaded, embroidered silk organza in a soft antique pink. Embellished with a sweet mini cherubim surrounded by embroidery, pearls and hand twirled rosettes. Trimmed with acrylic aurora borealis fringe which reflects light beautifully. This is a harp style.
The cherub tassel ropes are stunning with large, lush tassels measuring approx. 10" long x 4" wide and embellished with sweet cherubs. These include subtle antique shades of dusty pink, old rose and peach with pearl beading.
Our Cherub Square Pillow is so lush and feminine! Covered in exquisite hand-bead, embroidered and sequined lace. The addition of the sweet cherub with roses and pearl embellishments adds so much charm and elegance to this piece. Measure 18" Square + 3.5" embroidered organza trim all around.


New York Times bestselling author Faye Kellerman delivers an electrifying crime novel of suspense as a young man's obsessive investigation into his sister's death draws him into the path of a sadistic serial killer.
Part 1 of Killing Season centers around a teenaged boy, Ben Vicksburg, seeking retribution for his murdered sister. It is a crime novel, but it is also a story of friendship and family, a tale of a dedicated detective and an obsessed brother on a mission to bring a serial killer to justice.


Ask me all about Readers Workshop!!! Today we combined science and reading. First we read an informational text about weather and clouds. Then we made clouds with shaving cream and wrote all of our sight words in them. It was SO fun and our room smells SO good!!!!


About Gullah Geechee Culture - Sites and Insights Tours, Inc.
Gullah (GULL uh) is an English-based creole consisting of West African languages, English, & English Caribbean vernacular.
Enslaved West Africans were not allowed to learn English formally. Although they were literate in their native languages, Charlestowne was an English colony; therefore, English was the lingua franca or common language spoken.
Gullah is an oral language, so whenever it's written, it's the author's interpretation. Gullah is usually written phonetically, but if it's written in English, the pronunciation & pace provide the language's rhythm & flow.
Today, Geechee (GHEE cheah) refers to African American natives of the four-state area described below.
Gullah Geechee is a term popularly used today to describe the language, people, traditions & lifeways like foodways, Spiritual customs, occupational & household practices & settlement patterns, for example, that have been passed down through the generations throughout the southeast US coast. Read more.
The Gullah Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor (GGCHC) was designated by Congress in 2006, & the Corridor was then designated as a National Heritage Area (NHA). The corridor extends from southern coastal NC through coastal SC & GA into north coastal FL & St.Augustine, then extends inland about thirty miles. Read more at: http://www.gullahgeecheecorridor.org/?Itemid=102 & http://www.nps.gov/heritageareas/FAQ/.
These are common perceptions, BUT THEY ARE NOT TRUE!!
Gullah Geechee people live in remote & secluded communities where visitors can go to observe & interact with residents.
Gullah Geechee people live on an island(s) only reachable by boat.
Gullah Geechee people's day-to-day include living & performing tasks like people "did during slavery time".
Gullah Island is located in the Charleston area.
Visitors can go to a place named Gullah.
Gullah Geechee people are short & dark-skinned.
Gullah Geechee people are uneducated & speak broken English.
Gullah Geechee people like to eat rice sandwiches.
Gullah Geechee people practice magic.
Gullah Geechee people only live along the SC & GA coasts & nowhere else in the US or abroad.
All South Carolinians & all Georgians are Gullah Geechee.
Gullah Geechee people are from Jamaica.
Gullah Geechee people will quickly cut or stab a person if they are angered.
Hear a short passage in Gullah & see it written in Gullah & English.


A shortstop or 2nd baseman can turn the tide of an entire game with a great double play.
Double plays are one of the most important, most influential aspects of baseball.
But just the impact on a pitcher's mentality can win or lose games!
A pitcher who doesn't trust his middle infielders to have his back, to get him out of a jam, will pitch to hitters completely differently than one who knows his teammates are behind him.
If you've ever witnessed an intentional walk, then you've seen this principle in action.
But there's far more to it than just that.
A pitcher who trusts his middle infielders isn't afraid of contact.
In fact, he can now expand his strategy beyond just getting strikeouts to now also TRYING to get ground balls.
Now he can get outs faster. He can pitch more strategically. He can keep his pitch count down. This allows him to go deeper into games, and to be more effective against hitters.
The DP is one of those flashy plays that everyone appreciates... but it also has an impact on the game that is far more important than the average fan will realize.
Long story short... double plays are a critical infield skill, and this mini-course will help you turn 2 like a pro.
How to execute a spin without losing control, power or accuracy.
Doug Bernier debuted in the Major Leagues in 2008 with the Colorado Rockies, and played professional baseball for 16 years (Rockies, Yankees, Pirates, Twins, & Rangers organizations).
He has played every infield position at the Major League level.
In 2012, Doug founded Pro Baseball Insider.com, a platform where MLB and MiLB baseball players and coaches donate their knowledge.
Doug lives in Denver, Colorado, with his wife and 2 kids, and currently is a pro scout for the Colorado Rockies.


Riverside Super Taxi is a family run business that was conceived and developed in the Inland Empire. We grew up in Southern California and have done the airport runs and the bar scene. We have watched the Casino's be built and road dirt bikes all over these hills. We still surf in the area as we have all our lives.
Now we are doing our best to take that 909 and 951 spirit and knowledge to as many taxi clients as possible. We can set up special runs to Temecula for Wine tasting or get you to the local airport on your schedule. Our goal is to make such a great impression on you that you will save our number in your phone so you can call us any time. 24/7 365 days a year.
As we build this business and attempt to take it to the next level and be that express taxi Riverside service for the IE and empire taxi go to company you will want to call. We are always open to suggestions we do speak Spanish and English so please just communicate your input and we will do our best to make it happen. Contacting us has never been easier and it only takes 2 clicks to get a submission and hear a response from our team.
We have room to grow so if you want to apply to drive for Riverside Taxi Service please be ready for extensive training and back ground checks.
Let our professionalism and attention to detail make you a client for life.