There are all kinds of folding knives on the market these days. Whatever purpose you may want to use one for, chances are there is a folding model available, optimized for just that purpose. Cold Steel is a company that takes this philosophy to extremes. They have even created a model designed for Law Enforcement use, called the American Lawman, which is the subject of this review.
Almost every culture from the Iron Age onward had some sort of folding knife. Since then, there have been many improvements in the steel and lock mechanisms, so that in modern times, some folders are almost as strong and tough as some sheath knives.
In the mid 1980s, some custom knife-makers like Ernest Emerson, Ken Onion and Bob Terzoula began designing folding knives for use by military and law enforcement personnel. Bob Terzoula called his blades "Tactical Folders," and the term has become synonymous for a particular style of folding knife. These knives are usually Liner Locks, or Lock Backs, with a blade of around 3 to 4 inches in length, capable of one-handed opening, and very secure grips.
And now, please take a quick moment to view our interactive table below to see how the Cold Steel American Lawman compares to other great Cold Steel knives.
One may wonder why a Law Enforcement Officer would want a folding knife when the law allows them to carry pretty much anything they want. Surely, something like a Kabar Marine Knife would be much better, right?
First off, an LEO (Law Enforcement Officer) has little need for another weapon. They already have their Duty Belts full with a pistol, extra ammo, handcuffs, a radio, a large flashlight, TASER and/or Chemical Spray, notebook, etc. A sheath knife would just be something else on their belt to get hung up or snagged when getting in and out of the Patrol Cruiser.
But, an LEO would probably need a knife to cut cloth into strips for First-Aid, cut leather, maybe a car hose, rope, a seat belt, etc.
Law Enforcement Knives need to be handy and readily accessible without getting in the way. And they have to be able to be held securely in the hand while wearing gloves, with cold wet hands, and in several grip styles. Tactical Folders fit this need nicely. The 3-1/2" to 4" blade is the perfect size for most tasks. A large pocket knife is uncomfortable to carry, and is overkill for most jobs. The American Lawman is a good compromise.
The heart of any knife is its blade. Carpenter CTS-HXP is similar to 440C and D2, but with a higher carbon and chromium content, and the addition of vanadium. This makes an extremely tough blade, even more than AUS 8, with a superior edge-holding ability.
While it holds an edge extremely well, it still sharpens well on most stones. The thumb-stud is reversible and allows the knife to be opened in the blink of an eye with one quick flick of the thumb. I actually prefer the Drop Point blade over Clip Points. The Drop Point is better at a lot of tasks than a Clip Point.
The American Lawman uses the Tri-Ad lock, which many regard as the strongest lock mechanism in the industry. I disagree with this only because in my own side-by-side tests, the Ram-Safe lock (only available on Cold Steel's Pocket Bushman) beat the Tri-Ad lock by 45 pounds, failing at 395 pounds, to the Tri-Ad's 350 pounds.
Will an LEO ever put 350 pounds weight on their knife blade? Probably not, so the Tri-Ad lock is more than enough for anything you are likely to do with it.
The Pocket Clip is easily reversible for left or right-side use. The clip allows the knife to ride low, so it is 95% or more concealed in the pocket or waistband. The clip grips very snugly and it is unlikely to come out when drawing the knife.
The scales are big, tough G-10, which is almost indestructible. It fills your hand with confidence, and is shaped to accommodate just about any grip. It is comfortable when wearing gloves, and does not slip or spin in the hand, even when wet.
The knife can be easily disassembled with T-6 and T-1 Torex wrenches. (Note- If you don't regularly disassemble your folders for complete cleaning, lubrication, and inspection, you need to start. Oil, moisture, and gunk can build up between washers and other parts, causing wear and ultimately, failure. You also need to check the parts for wear, and damage, and replace them when necessary. I field strip all my folders at least 3 times a year.).
The American Lawman also comes in a mini version with a 2-1/2" blade, for those needing a tiny knife.
I have used my American Lawman to shave wood, cut 1-1/2 hemp rope, 5 layers of cardboard, cut through a rack of pork ribs and 1 whole chicken with one swipe, batoned it through 2" thick tree branches, and even thrown it into a wood target 20 times (and it stuck…most of the time), with no effects other than a little scratching. I dressed out several squirrels and a goat with it, and it performed great for the type of blade that it is.
If I had any complaints about this knife, it would be the ridiculous black coating on the blade. An LEO, or any civilian, or even military person, is unlikely to ever use a 3-1/2" folder to stalk a sentry in the middle of the night, so a non-glare finish is really kind of silly.
The knife will be folded in a pocket, or waistband for most of the time. But this is a minor issue, and easily fixed with some enamel stripper. Without the coating, the blade operates much smoother. The best coating for a knife is a thin layer of mineral oil.
Comparing the American Lawman to other popular knives in the Tactical Folder category is enlightening. For this review, I used the Spyderco Endura, Cold Steel Recon 1, and the Cold Steel Code 4 for comparison.
Spyderco Endura: The Endura is lighter than the American Lawman, weighing only 3.6 oz. The blade is slightly longer at 3-3/4", but much slimmer, thinner, and more delicate. The steel is standard VG-10—not bad but nothing to write home about.
The scales are something called FRN, and are much slimmer than the G-10 on the Lawman. I tested the negative stress on the lock by whacking the spines of both the Lawman, and the Endura against a hard oak table (wearing a metal mesh glove, of course.) I quit on the Lawman after 20 whacks because my arm got tired. There was no noticeable difference in the lock, no blade-play either laterally or up and down. The Endura lock failed completely after 6 whacks. I had already tested the Lawman Tri-Ad lock, which failed at 350 pounds. The Endura failed at a mere 180 pounds.
In cutting tests, the Lawman was absolutely superior in slicing and cutting power, most likely due to the hollow-ground blade, as opposed to the Endura's Saber-Grind.
Cold Steel Code 4: This one is hard, because both knives have the same lock, same blade material, and the same blade size.
There was no reason to test the lock failures against each other. The Code 4 is very slightly lighter at 4.3 oz., but this is not really noticeable. The folded lengths are about the same. The differences are that the Code 4 has aluminum scales, and comes in Clip Point, Spear Point and Tanto blade models, in both plain and serrated versions.
Some people like aluminum handles. I don't. The G-10 scales on the Lawman feel like your hand is locked-in. The aluminum scales on the Code 4 did not feel as good, or secure. Score 1 point for the Lawman.
On the other hand, the Code 4 comes in several blade styles. Score 1 for the Code 4.
Both knives are equally tough, and sharp.
This one is a draw. It's like trying to compare two fantastic super-heroes. Regardless of whether you go with Batman or Superman, you're still supporting a champion.
Cold Steel Recon 1: This is another hard comparison. Same blade material, same scale material, basically the same scale design, and same Tri-Ad lock.
So again, the only way to rate them is by their differences.
The Recon 1 is a little heavier at 5.3 oz.—again, not really noticeable in your pocket. However, the Recon 1 has a larger 4" blade, which scores a big 2 points.
he Recon 1 also comes in Tanto, Clip Point, and Spear Point models, in serrated, half-serrated, and plain blade versions. Score another point. The Recon also comes in Micro, Mini, and Extra Large sizes. Score 1, again.
I have to give this one to the Recon 1, for versatility.
As far as Tactical Folding Knives go, the American Lawman rates towards the top of the list. It is light, tough, and dependable. And the price is reasonable for what it is. The 3-1/2" Spear Point blade is great for most tasks, and this knife is well suited for EDC. I can't imagine that anyone would be disappointed in getting one of these blades.
Although I am fond of Cold Steel knives, and the company itself, it is not my intention to give the impression that Cold Steel knives are the "best" knives for any particular purpose. "Best" is a relative term.
I have many knives from other manufacturers, and everyone does not need a tank-of-a-pocket knife. Most people will never have to use a knife in the extreme conditions that others have and do. Many people do not want, or need, to spend $100.00+ on a pocket knife that you can run over with an Abrams tank, wipe if off, and immediately field-dress a Tyrannosaurus with.
A lot of people are served perfectly well with a simple Opinel, or common Case, Old Timer, Uncle Henry, or Schrade slip-joint knife. That's why some of us drive Pick-Up trucks, and others drive a Geo Prizm. Ultimately, the only one that can judge which knife is "best" is you. But, if you find yourself feeling in need of a blade of the quality of the Lawman, well, you can't exactly go too wrong with this particular knife.
For more reviews similar to this, please bookmark Reliable Knife. Please also "like us" on our new Facebook page.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Employment Map Strengthens Brussels Airport's Negotiation Position
With some 24,000 jobs, 72% of which are full time employees (FTE), Brussels Airport is among Belgium's major employers, a new study has revealed. Its findings may bring an important instrument in the dis-cussion to tackle pending issues such as noise regulations and a fed-eral aviation law.
The study was carried out by the Leuven University at the request of the airport's recruiting vehicle Aviato. It focused on direct employment, distinguishing between three clusters: aviation as such, other airport related activities – including cargo handling and warehousing, postal and courier services - and business.
It has revealed, among other things, that some 71% of the jobs are clerical, disputing the long-standing assumption that the airport is a job market for precarious and part-time employment.
Cargo accounts for at least 19%
The study also provides some sectorial analysis of employment in the respective segments. Of the 24,836 jobs, 2,268 are in cargo handling and warehousing and 2,276 in postal and courier services. Together they account for 19% of the total. Of course, part of the 4,351 staff involved in air transport and of the 2,075 airport handling employees are also cargo related.
An overwhelming majority of the jobs are also of a steady nature, especially in the cargo handling activities. The benchmark for steadiness is in labour contracts last-ing longer than one year. The latter is most prominent in cargo handling (72%), postal and courier services (73%) and overland cargo haulage (70%).
Instrumental in political discussions
Due to Brussels Airport's location on the territory of the Flemish region, 74% of its employees are Flemish. Nevertheless, it is also an important job creator for both the Brussels (15.7%) and the Walloon region (10.4%). It is not unlikely that this observation could be put to Brussels Airport Company's advantage when engaging in discussions with the different powers that be, CargoForwarder Global learnt from BAC's CEO Arnaud Feist.
CFG: Mr Feist, will BAC refer to the results of this study in the discussions with the Brussels region over noise regulations and with the federal government over the aviation law?
AF: "These are very important findings for us but also the governmental bodies. After all, it's the ministers who will have to decide on the future of our aviation industry. Everything that may block the further development of this industry has a direct impact on employment. The same goes for Skeyes, the Belgian traffic control body which on several occasions has disrupted aviation to and from Brussels over the last few weeks."
Image of the new airside logistics platform at Brucargo West - credit: BRU
Groundbreaking takes place for new logistics platform
For the new airside logistics platform at Brucargo West, the first foundation piles were placed at BRU. The new complex, to be inaugurated in 2020 will be occupied by Kuehne+Nagel, WFS and Expeditors. The 100-million-euro investment is borne exclusively by Brussels Airport Company. The complex will most specifically bring additional cooling facilities to support the airport's biotech and pharma flows, as well as perishables. The logistics centre will follow the most stringent sustainability standards.
Marcel Schoeters in Brussels
Image: ms


Join us at Bridges Restaurant & Lounge in downtown Little Rock to celebrate Thanksgiving. We'll be featuring a special, three-course menu with all of your favorite holiday classics. The special is available from 11:30am – 2pm on Thursday, November 23rd and is $18 per person.


The 2018 USA Baseball's 16U Cup is an open-invitation tournament comprised of 16 teams. Each team is guaranteed four games, weather permitting. The event will be held in Cary at the USA Baseball National Training Complex from July 13-15, 2018.


Saving data to a file is one of the most common programming tasks you may come across in your developer life.
Generally, programs take some input and produce some output. There are numerous cases in which we'd want to persist these results. We may find ourselves saving data to a file for later processing - from webpages we browse, simple dumps of tabular data we use for reports, machine learning and training or logging during the application runtime - we rely on applications writing to files rather than doing it manually.
Python allows us to save files of various types without having to use third-party libraries. In this article, we'll dive into saving the most common file formats in Python.
The contents of a file can be accessed when it's opened, and it's no longer available for reading and writing after it's been closed.
When opening a file you'll need the filename - a string that could be a relative or absolute path. The second argument is the mode, this determines the actions you can do with the open file.
Let's say you wanted to write to a file and then read it after, your mode should be 'w+'. If you wanted to write and then read from a file, without deleting the previous contents then you'll use 'a+'.
For small scripts, these aren't pressing concerns, and some Python implementations will actually automatically close files for you, but for large programs don't leave closing your files to chance and make sure to free up the used resources.
Closing a file can be easily forgotten, we're human after all. Lucky for us, Python has a mechanism to use a file and automatically close it when we're done.
The file will be open for all the code that's indented after using the with keyword, marked as the # TODO comment. Once that block of code is complete, the file will be automatically closed.
This is the recommended way to open and write to a file as you don't have to manually close it to free up resources and it offers a failsafe mechanism to keep your mind on the more important aspects of programming.
Now that we know the best way to access a file, let's get straight into writing data.
The write() function takes a string and puts that content into the file stream. Although we don't store it, the write() function returns the number of characters it just entered i.e. the length of the input string.
Note: Notice the inclusion of the newline character, \n. It's used to write to a next line in the file, otherwise, all the text would be added as a single line.
With the write() function we can take one string and put it into a file. What if we wanted to write multiple lines at once?
As before, if we want the data to appear in new lines we include the newline character at the end of each string.
Note: The input for writelines() must be a flat sequence of strings or bytes - no numbers, objects or nested sequences like a list within a list are allowed.
If you're interested in reading more about lists and tuples, we already have an article dedicated to them - Lists vs Tuples in Python.
We first need to import the csv library to get their helper functions. We open the file as we're accustomed to but instead of writing content on the csv_file object, we create a new object called csv_writer.
This object provides us with the writerow() method which allows us to put all the row's data in the file in one go.
If you'd like to learn more about using CSV files in Python in more detail, you can read more here: Reading and Writing CSV Files in Python.
We do need to import the json library and open the file. To actually write the data to the file, we just call the dump() function, giving it our data dictionary and the file object.
If you'd like to know more about using JSON files in Python, you can more from this article: Reading and Writing JSON to a File in Python.
Saving files can come in handy in many kinds of programs we write. To write a file in Python, we first need to open the file and make sure we close it later.
It's best to use the with keyword so files are automatically closed when we're done writing to them.
We can use the write() method to put the contents of a string into a file or use writelines() if we have a sequence of text to put into the file.
For CSV and JSON data, we can use special functions that Python provides to write data to a file once the file is open.


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L'église Saint-Firmin est une église catholique située à Morbecque, dans le département du Nord, en France.

Localisation
L'église est située dans le département français du Nord, sur la commune de Morbecque.

Historique
 Construite aux XIe et XIIIe siècles.
 Aujourd'hui une église-halle du gothique de brique
 L'édifice est classé au titre des monuments historiques en 1920.
 Reconstruction depuis des destructions de la Seconde Guerre mondiale.

Annexes

Liens internes

 Liste des monuments historiques du Nord
 Liste des édifices gothiques en brique du nord de la France

Références

Firmin Morbecque
Monument historique classé en 1920
Morbecque
Morbecque

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Privacy Policy for Informative Mart
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Informative Mart follows a standard procedure of using log files. These files log visitors when they visit websites. All hosting companies do this and a part of hosting services' analytics. The information collected by log files include internet protocol (IP) addresses, browser type, Internet Service Provider (ISP), date and time stamp, referring/exit pages, and possibly the number of clicks. These are not linked to any information that is personally identifiable. The purpose of the information is for analyzing trends, administering the site, tracking users' movement on the website, and gathering demographic information. Our Privacy Policy was created with the help of the Privacy Policy Generator and the Online Privacy Policy Generator.
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Privacy Policy Reviewed by Informative Mart on 7/17/2020 Rating: 5
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Chinese smartphone maker Vivo has finally made the under-display fingerprint sensor official on the Vivo X20 Plus UD, which has been launched in China. This phone is the first to sport an under-display fingerprint sensor.
While the Vivo X20 Plus is an already existing smartphone from the company, the under-display fingerprint sensor is the new addition to it. The company has incorporated Synaptics Clear ID 9500 in-screen fingerprint sensor in the smartphone. It is close to the bottom of the screen, allowing you to use fingerprint on your display.
The Vivo X20 Plus is an existing device from the company. However, they have now added an under-display fingerprint sensor on the phone and the company is selling it as a China-exclusive phone. Starting with the display, the device comes with a 6.43 inch full HD+ AMOLED panel with 18:9 aspect ratio.
Coming to optics, the phone comes with a dual rear camera setup. The device comes with a 12MP primary sensor with f/1.8 aperture and a secondary 5MP sensor. On the front, it comes with a 12MP sensor with f/2.0 aperture and soft selfie-flash.
In terms of hardware, the Vivo X20 Plus UD is powered by a Qualcomm Snapdragon 660 octa-core processor clocked at 2.2 GHz. It is coupled with 4GB RAM and 128GB of internal storage. The device also supports expandable storage up to 256GB via microSD card. It runs on Android 7.1.1 Nougat and comes with FunTouch OS skinned on top for added features and a fluid user experience.
Lastly, the device is powered by a non-removable 3,900mAh battery which should easily deliver a full day of power. For connectivity, the Vivo X20 Plus UD comes with a USB Type-C port, a 3.5mm earphone jack, Bluetooth, WiFi, GPS and 4G VoLTE capabilities. The device is expected priced at 3,600 Yuan, which roughly translates to Rs. 36,000.


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Home > Journals > The Auk > Volume 132 > Issue 2
The Auk
VOL. 132 · NO. 2 | April 2015
RESEARCH ARTICLES (11)
100 YEARS AGO IN THE AOU (1)
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132(2), (1 April 2015)https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-2014.132.2.i
132(2), (1 April 2015)https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-2014.132.2.toc
132(2), (1 April 2015)https://doi.org/10.1642/auk.2014.132.2.cover
Gloger's rule in North American Barn Owls
Alexandre Roulin, Christophe Randin
132(2), 321-332, (7 January 2015)https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-14-167.1
KEYWORDS: Climate, geographic variation, Gloger's rule, melanin, Tyto alba
Studying the geographic variation of phenotypic traits can provide key information about the potential adaptive function of alternative phenotypes. Gloger's rule posits that animals should be dark- vs. light-colored in warm and humid vs. cold and dry habitats, respectively. The rule is based on the assumption that melanin pigments and/or dark coloration confer selective advantages in warm and humid regions. This rule may not apply, however, if genes for color are acting on other traits conferring fitness benefits in specific climes. Covariation between coloration and climate will therefore depend on the relative importance of coloration or melanin pigments and the genetically correlated physiological and behavioral processes that enable an animal to deal with climatic factors. The Barn Owl (Tyto alba) displays three melanin-based plumage traits, and we tested whether geographic variation in these traits at the scale of the North American continent supported Gloger's rule. An analysis of variation of pheomelanin-based reddish coloration and of the number and size of black feather spots in 1,369 museum skin specimens showed that geographic variation was correlated with ambient temperature and precipitation. Owls were darker red in color and displayed larger but fewer black feather spots in colder regions. Owls also exhibited more and larger black spots in regions where the climate was dry in winter. We propose that the associations between pigmentation and ambient temperature are of opposite sign for reddish coloration and spot size vs. the number of spots because selection exerted by climate (or a correlated variable) is plumage trait–specific or because plumage traits are genetically correlated with different adaptations.
New insights into New World biogeography: An integrated view from the phylogeny of blackbirds, cardinals, sparrows, tanagers, warblers, and allies
F. Keith Barker, Kevin J. Burns, John Klicka, Scott M. Lanyon, Irby J. Lovette
KEYWORDS: Ancestral area, dispersal, diversification, Great American Biotic Interchange
Understanding the biogeographic origins and temporal sequencing of groups within a region or of lineages within an ecosystem can yield important insights into evolutionary dynamics and ecological processes. Fifty years ago, Ernst Mayr generated comprehensive—if limited—inferences about the origins of the New World avifaunas, including the importance of pre-Isthmian dispersal between North and South America. Since then, methodological advances have improved our ability to address many of the same questions, but the phylogenies upon which such analyses should be based have been incompletely sampled or fragmentary. Here, we report a near-species-level phylogeny of the diverse (~832 species) New World clade Emberizoidea—the group that includes the familiar sparrows, cardinals, blackbirds, wood-warblers, tanagers, and their close relatives—to our knowledge the largest essentially complete (≥95%) phylogenetic hypothesis for any group of organisms. Biogeographic analyses based on this tree suggest initial dispersal into the New World via Beringia, with rapid subsequent diversification, including early dispersal of 1 lineage (the tanagers, Thraupidae) into South America. We found substantial dispersal between North and South America prior to closure of the Isthmus of Panama, but with a notable increase afterward, with a directional bias from north to south. With much greater detail and historical rigor, these analyses largely confirm Mayr's speculations based on taxonomy, resolving outstanding ambiguity regarding the continental origins of some groups such as the Emberizidae and Icteridae. The phylogeny reported here will be a resource of broad utility for addressing additional evolutionary and ecological questions with this diverse group.
Investigating female mate choice for mechanical sounds in the male Greater Sage-Grouse
Rebecca E. Koch, Alan H. Krakauer, Gail L. Patricelli
132(2), 349-358, (14 January 2015)https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-14-63.1
KEYWORDS: mechanical sound, sexual selection, Centrocercus urophasianus, display plasticity, mate choice, sonation
Although birds are generally known for their vocally produced songs and calls, some species have evolved alternate means of acoustic communication that do not require the syrinx. While many of these mechanical sounds are used in a courtship context, the importance of among- and within-individual variation in these sounds is almost entirely unknown. We investigated feather-produced sounds in male Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), which congregate on leks during the spring breeding season and perform elaborate displays to attract females. Despite decades of research on the vocal components of the display, the frequency-modulated and mechanically generated "swish" sounds remain poorly studied. We used 2 years of acoustic data to evaluate the relationship between the time and frequency characteristics of the swish display and male mating success. Although characteristics of the swish sounds showed individual-specific patterns of variation, neither univariate nor multivariate analyses revealed direct effects of the acoustic qualities of these mechanical sounds on number of copulations. However, we did find that the frequency range of individual notes was correlated with note duration, and that males who successfully copulated showed a larger frequency range for a given duration than unsuccessful males. Furthermore, successful males increased this frequency change more strongly with the approach of a female than did unsuccessful males. These results parallel previous findings that successful and unsuccessful males show different patterns of adjustment with changing courtship conditions. Our results emphasize the importance of considering the interaction among multiple components of displays in analyses of mate choice, and help to broaden our understanding of the function of mechanical sounds in this and other species of birds.
Superb Fairy-wrens ( Malurus cyaneus) increase vigilance near their nest with the perceived risk of brood parasitism
William E. Feeney, Naomi E. Langmore
132(2), 359-364, (14 January 2015)https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-14-218.1
KEYWORDS: arms race, brood parasitism, Coevolution, cuckoo, nest defense, vigilance
Brood parasites typically impose costs on their hosts, which select for host defenses. However, where defenses are costly, hosts can benefit by facultative expression of defenses in relation to the risk of parasitism. The results of our model-presentation experiments show that Superb Fairy-wrens (Malurus cyaneus) mediate vigilance around their nest according to their perceived risk of brood parasitism; when the risk of parasitism is high, they increase the time they spend in the vicinity of their nests. In combination with previous studies, these data suggest that Superb Fairy-wrens have a plastic defense portfolio that can be acquired rapidly and deployed facultatively to prevent parasitism while minimizing wasteful investment in defenses in the absence of parasitism.
Use of "definitive" and other terms in molt nomenclature: A response to Wolfe et al. (2014)
Steve N. G. Howell, Peter Pyle
KEYWORDS: definitive, juvenile, molt cycle, molt strategies, plumage
Ornithologists have largely embraced the molt terminology of Humphrey and Parkes (1959) as modified by Howell et al. (2003; the H-P-H system). In a recent commentary, Wolfe et al. (2014) summarized the derivation and benefits of H-P-H terminology, suggested slight modifications, and promoted analyses on the evolution of molts using H-P-H nomenclature. We appreciate the timeliness of Wolfe et al.'s review and agree with most of their conclusions and modifications. We disagree, however, with Wolfe et al.'s proposal for introducing a new and restricted use of the term "definitive" in H-P-H nomenclature. To avoid confusion, we recommend that definitive plumage and definitive molt cycle continue to be used as defined by Humphrey and Parkes (1959) and Howell et al. (2003), respectively, as terms indicating that plumage appearance and molt cycle have achieved stasis. We also recommend that the term "plumage" can be used more widely than the definition proposed by Humphrey and Parkes (1959), and that the term "juvenal" can henceforth be replaced by "juvenile" in molt and plumage literature.
Photoperiodic conditions affect the level of locomotory activity during autumn migration in the Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos c. caudatus)
Julia Bojarinova, Olga Babushkina
KEYWORDS: locomotory activity, photoperiod, migration, migratory restlessness, Aegithalos caudatus, long-tailed tit
The shortening of day lengths is known to advance the late-summer and autumn events of the annual cycle preceding migration in late-hatched individuals in order to synchronize the individual cycles of birds that hatched on different dates. However, little is known about how day length influences behavior during autumn migration. Here, we tested the locomotory activity of first-year migrant Long-tailed Tits (Aegithalos c. caudatus) from northwestern Russia under two different photoperiodic conditions during the autumn migration period. The birds were taken into the experiment after they started their migration in the wild, and assigned to either the control (natural photoperiod) or the experimental group (photoperiod shifted 1 mo ahead to simulate shorter days). In the beginning of the experiment, locomotory activity was the same in both groups. After 3 weeks, however, individuals exposed to the light regime simulating a delay on the migration route (i.e. shorter days) showed higher levels of locomotory activity. This reveals that Long-tailed Tits are photosensitive in October with respect to their migratory behavior, and suggests that migrants may use photoperiod to adjust the speed of migration to their position en route.
Interpreting negative results with taxonomic and conservation implications: Another look at the distinctness of coastal California Gnatcatchers
John E. McCormack, James M. Maley
KEYWORDS: birds, conservation genetics, mitochondrial DNA, niche modeling, nuclear DNA, PHYLOGEOGRAPHY
A recent study by Zink et al. (2013) raises questions about how to interpret negative results in studies when the distinctness of a species of conservation concern is in question. Zink et al. found no evidence for genetic or ecological distinctness of the coastal California Gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica californica). We discuss why the genetic markers they chose were not well suited to the question of distinctness and how they overinterpreted negative results in their genetic and ecological analyses. We reanalyze their genetic data and find evidence that several genetic loci show significant differentiation in the coastal California Gnatcatchers. We provide recommendations for best practices in determining distinctness in phenotype, genetics, and ecology for California Gnatcatchers and other populations of conservation concern.
GPS telemetry for parrots: A case study with the Kea (Nestor notabilis)
Erin M. Kennedy, Joshua R. Kemp, Corey C. Mosen, George L. W. Perry, Todd E. Dennis
132(2), 389-396, (18 February 2015)https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-14-196.1
KEYWORDS: GPS telemetry, parrots, Dataloggers, movement, Kea, Nestor notabilis
Parrots are one of the most complex avian lineages worldwide, yet little is known about their patterns of movement and space use. Such information is vital for understanding the social development and structure of members of this long-lived order, as well as for the establishment of effective conservation and management actions for the many threatened or endangered species. While global positioning system (GPS) telemetry has been employed successfully on a broad range of birds, to date no studies have been published in which this technology has been used on any psittaciform species, most probably due to concerns held by researchers regarding the high cost of GPS units or the perceived ability of members of this order to remove or damage tracking gear. Here, we evaluate the feasibility and performance of animal-borne GPS telemetry as a means of tracking parrots. First, we encased inexpensive (<US$70) archival GPS dataloggers (~19 g) in bite-proof housing, and then we evaluated the effects of the devices on the study animals and their operational performance during field trials (n = 14) on wild-caught Kea (Nestor notabilis), a large (~1 kg) parrot endemic to the Southern Alps of New Zealand. We observed no apparent adverse effects of the loggers on the behavior and condition of the Kea and no damage to the devices that impaired their function, and found that the operational performance of the loggers was similar to that reported for devices deployed on other birds and animals. Our study demonstrates that GPS telemetry can be a highly effective method for characterizing the movement patterns of free-ranging parrots.
Observer effects strongly influence estimates of daily nest survival probability but do not substantially increase rates of nest failure in Greater Sage-Grouse
Daniel Gibson, Erik J. Blomberg, Michael T. Atamian, James S. Sedinger
KEYWORDS: exposure-period bias, individual quality, observer effects
Researchers have long recognized that the process of observing nests may influence nest success by increasing depredation risk or causing females to abandon nests. The effects of observer-related nest abandonment may also reduce estimates of daily nest survival when time to nest fate is reduced and the average nest exposure period within the sample becomes shorter. We used an 8-yr record of observer visitations of nesting female Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) in central Nevada, USA, to assess whether observers influenced either the probability of daily nest survival or the overall probability of nest success. Because nest success is influenced by factors other than visitation, we also accounted for the overall quality of a nest (i.e. probability of success in the absence of observer effects) based on potential confounding factors. Nest visitation (no flushing) had no effect on daily nest survival, regardless of nest quality or female age. Flushing a female from a nest substantially lowered the probability of the nest surviving the following day (maximum ~0.22). When considered in the context of the entire nest exposure period, however, flushing a female once produced only a marginal reduction in overall nest success (~0.015). Additionally, females that were younger, or that were associated with low-quality nests, were more likely to abandon the nest after flushing, compared with older females or those associated with higher-quality nests. Observer-related abandonment, however, introduced a negative bias (~0.07) into estimates of overall nest survival by reducing the average timing of nest fate and thereby lowering daily nest survival. Our results suggest that the act of flushing female Greater Sage-Grouse may bias estimates of nest survival low, but this is due to an effect on estimates of daily nest survival, rather than an actual influence on the probability of nest fate.
Improved arrival-date estimates of Arctic-breeding Dunlin ( Calidris alpina arcticola)
Andrew C. Doll, Richard B. Lanctot, Craig A. Stricker, Stephen M. Yezerinac, Michael B. Wunder
KEYWORDS: blood, carbon, diet-switch, geolocator, migration, shorebird, stable isotope, turnover
The use of stable isotopes in animal ecology depends on accurate descriptions of isotope dynamics within individuals. The prevailing assumption that laboratory-derived isotopic parameters apply to free-living animals is largely untested. We used stable carbon isotopes (δ13C) in whole blood from migratory Dunlin (Calidris alpina arcticola) to estimate an in situ turnover rate and individual diet-switch dates. Our in situ results indicated that turnover rates were higher in free-living birds, in comparison to the results of an experimental study on captive Dunlin and estimates derived from a theoretical allometric model. Diet-switch dates from all 3 methods were then used to estimate arrival dates to the Arctic; arrival dates calculated with the in situ turnover rate were later than those with the other turnover-rate estimates, substantially so in some cases. These later arrival dates matched dates when local snow conditions would have allowed Dunlin to settle, and agreed with anticipated arrival dates of Dunlin tracked with light-level geolocators. Our study presents a novel method for accurately estimating arrival dates for individuals of migratory species in which return dates are difficult to document. This may be particularly appropriate for species in which extrinsic tracking devices cannot easily be employed because of cost, body size, or behavioral constraints, and in habitats that do not allow individuals to be detected easily upon first arrival. Thus, this isotopic method offers an exciting alternative approach to better understand how species may be altering their arrival dates in response to changing climatic conditions.
Erratum: The socioecology of Monk Parakeets: Insights into parrot social complexity
Elizabeth A. Hobson, Michael L. Avery, Timothy F. Wright
KEYWORDS: dominance hierarchy, SOCPROG, steepness
Our recent work on Monk Parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) reported dominance steepness values that were inaccurate because of a bug in the analysis program. Updated steepness values are more moderate than initially reported, which places captive Monk Parakeet groups midway between egalitarianism and despotism.
Clutch size declines with elevation in tropical birds
Andy J. Boyce, Benjamin G. Freeman, Adam E. Mitchell, Thomas E. Martin
132(2), 424-432, (4 March 2015)https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-14-150.1
KEYWORDS: clutch size, elevation, life history, PGLS, tropics, Borneo, Venezuela, New Guinea
Clutch size commonly decreases with increasing elevation among temperate-zone and subtropical songbird species. Tropical songbirds typically lay small clutches, thus the ability to evolve even smaller clutch sizes at higher elevations is unclear and untested. We conducted a comparative phylogenetic analysis using data gathered from the literature to test whether clutch size varied with elevation among forest passerines from three tropical biogeographic regions—the Venezuelan Andes and adjacent lowlands, Malaysian Borneo, and New Guinea. We found a significant negative effect of elevation on variation in clutch size among species. We found the same pattern using field data sampled across elevational gradients in Venezuela and Malaysian Borneo. Field data were not available for New Guinea. Both sets of results demonstrate that tropical montane species across disparate biogeographic realms lay smaller clutches than closely related low-elevation species. The environmental sources of selection underlying this pattern remain uncertain and merit further investigation.
Full-annual-cycle population models for migratory birds
Jeffrey A. Hostetler, T. Scott Sillett, Peter P. Marra
KEYWORDS: density dependence, full life-cycle, migratory connectivity, nonbreeding, population dynamics, population limitation, seasonal, vital rates
Full-annual-cycle (FAC) models integrate seasonal demographic and environmental processes to elucidate the factors that limit and regulate animal populations. Unlike traditional, breeding-season-focused models of migratory populations, FAC population models include the effects on population dynamics of events in both the breeding and the nonbreeding season (i.e. winter and migration). Given that migratory birds can spend most of the year away from the breeding grounds and face seasonally specific threats and limitation, FAC models can provide critical and unique insights about their population dynamics. We review existing FAC population model types, including demographic network models, seasonal matrix models, and individual-based models, with examples of each type. We also suggest some approaches new to FAC population modeling—integrated population models and integral projection models—and make recommendations for the development and implementation of these models. Incorporating model components such as density dependence, migratory connectivity (the demographic linkages between breeding and nonbreeding areas), and seasonal interactions can be critical for model realism but can also increase model complexity and development time. Much of the development of FAC population models has been more theoretical than applied. The main limitation to the application of the developed models is availability of empirical data for all annual stages, particularly knowledge of migratory connectivity and density-dependent seasonal survival. As these data become more available, the models outlined here should find additional uses.
A new species of tapaculo (Rhinocryptidae: Scytalopus) from the Serranía de Perijá of Colombia and Venezuela
Jorge Enrique Avendaño, Andrés M. Cuervo, Juan Pablo López-O., Natalia Gutiérrez-Pinto, Alexander Cortés-Diago, Carlos Daniel Cadena
132(2), 450-466, (11 March 2015)https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-14-166.1
KEYWORDS: Andes, cloud forest, nest, Paramo, systematics, tracheophone suboscines, Scytalopodinae, vocalizations
We describe Scytalopus perijanus (Perijá Tapaculo), a new species in the family Rhinocryptidae (suborder Tyranni) found in humid montane and elfin forests (1,600–3,225 m elevation) in the Serranía de Perijá of Colombia and Venezuela. Although specimens of this taxon have been available in museums since 1941, they were not carefully studied and were ascribed to different taxa of the latebricola and atratus groups. We obtained a modern series of specimens that, coupled with analysis of vocal and genetic data, clarified this taxonomic puzzle. The new Scytalopus exhibits distinctive morphological and vocal traits with respect to all other known species and represents a differentiated evolutionary lineage within a clade of northern species, including S. meridanus, S. caracae, and S. latebricola. The new species has not been recorded in sympatry with any other Scytalopus, but it may overlap at lower elevations with S. atratus nigricans, although each uses different microhabitats. Ecological niche modeling indicates that the new species currently has a restricted geographic range within the Serranía de Perijá, where large extents of natural habitat have been cleared and fragmented, particularly on the Colombian slopes. Scytalopus perijanus, however, is uncommon to fairly common in forest fragments, tall secondary forest patches, elfin forest, and paramo vegetation at the treeline.
Rhetoric vs. reality: A commentary on "Bird Origins Anew" by A. Feduccia
N. Adam Smith, Luis M. Chiappe, Julia A. Clarke, Scott V. Edwards, Sterling J. Nesbitt, Mark A. Norell, Thomas A. Stidham, Alan Turner, Marcel van Tuinen, Jakob Vinther, Xing Xu
KEYWORDS: evolution of flight, evolution of feathers, evolution of birds, Avialae, maniraptoran theropod dinosaurs, phylogenetic systematics
Birds are maniraptoran theropod dinosaurs. The evidence supporting the systematic position of Avialae as a derived clade within Dinosauria is voluminous and derived from multiple independent lines of evidence. In contrast, a paucity of selectively chosen data weakly support, at best, alternative proposals regarding the origin of birds and feathers. Opponents of the theory that birds are dinosaurs have frequently based their criticisms on unorthodox interpretations of paleontological data and misrepresentation of phylogenetic systematic methods. Moreover, arguments against the nested position of Avialae in Dinosauria have often conflated the logically distinct questions of avian origins, the evolution of flight, and the phylogenetic distribution of feathers. Motivated by a Perspectives article with numerous factual inaccuracies that recently appeared in The Auk, we provide a review of the full complement of facts pertaining to the avian origins debate and address the misplaced criticisms raised in that opinion paper.
Subspecies and the philosophy of science
Michael A. Patten
132(2), 481-485, (25 March 2015)https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-15-1.1
KEYWORDS: diagnosability, effect size, Polioptila californica, reciprocal monophyly, subspecies
Phylogenetic methods increasingly are brought to bear on questions of subspecies taxonomy, but several recent examples highlight the need for a clear and consistent philosophical approach to how genetic data are used to assess subspecies limits. Such standards are crucial conceptually, whether or not taxonomic decisions affect conservation decisions, as they might in a recent study focused on the California Gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica), a taxon currently protected under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. It is also crucial that any adopted framework allows each of a full range of alternatives to be either supported or rejected. In this spirit, in addition to recommending best practices, I propose an amendment to the phylogenetic species concept to include a subspecies category.
Next-generation paleornithology: Technological and methodological advances allow new insights into the evolutionary and ecological histories of living birds
Jamie R. Wood, Vanesa L. De Pietri
132(2), 486-506, (1 April 2015)https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-14-257.1
KEYWORDS: computed tomography, DNA, Histology, paleornithology, proxies, sediments, stable isotopes, techniques
Paleornithology, the study of fossil or ancient bird remains, provides an important context for understanding the biology, evolutionary history, and ecology of living birds. Recent technological and methodological advances in the field of paleornithology have opened up the potential to extract new pools of information from fossil bird remains, and hence provide new insights into the histories of living birds. Here we review some of these advances, covering aspects of ancient DNA and protein analyses, sedimentary proxies for birds, stable isotope analyses, coprolite analyses, high-resolution computed tomography, paleoneurology, finite elements analysis, and paleohistology. These new advances offer exciting prospects for the future of paleornithology, but also reaffirm the importance of basic fieldwork, exploration and the discovery of new fossil specimens, museum archives in which to curate the specimens, and traditional morphological approaches to studying the fossil remains.
Melanin plumage ornaments in both sexes of Northern Flicker are associated with body condition and predict reproductive output independent of age
Karen L. Wiebe, Maren N. Vitousek
KEYWORDS: body condition, Colaptes auratus, melanin, Northern Flicker, ornament, plumage, reproduction, woodpecker
Melanin is a common pigment in the plumage of birds, but the extent to which its deposition in feathers is condition dependent and can be used as a reliable signal of quality and reproductive performance is still much debated. In addition, the existence and function of melanin ornaments in female birds or in birds of different age classes has rarely been addressed. We studied the size and color of 4 melanin ornaments in the Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus), a woodpecker, and found that the plumage patches became larger or darker with age class in both sexes. Consistent with the partly reversed sex roles of Northern Flickers and sexual selection in both sexes, several melanin ornaments were the same size in males and females and were correlated with body size or body condition. There was assortative pairing according to melanin ornaments when controlling for age, and 1 or more ornaments predicted laying date or clutch size of the pair independent of age. The results suggest that melanin ornaments in Northern Flickers may contain multiple messages and be used as cues of quality.
100 YEARS AGO IN THE AOU
100 years ago in the American Ornithologists' Union
Kimberly G. Smith
132(2), 518-519, (1 April 2015)https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-15-21.1
Victor R. Dolnik, 1938–2013
Vladimir A. Payevsky, Nikita Chernetsov
Gérard Morel, 1925–2011
Peter Browne
Elliot Coues Award 2014, to Staffan Bensch
William Brewster Memorial Award 2014, to Geoffrey E. Hill
Ralph W. Schreiber Conservation Award 2014, to Stephen Kress
132(2), 529, (1 April 2015)https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-14-277.1
Marion Jenkinson AOU Service Award 2014, to Sara R. Morris
Ned K. Johnson Young Investigator Award 2014, to Alex E. Jahn


The use of different sources and more devices during the purchase process create a difficult situation for media attribution — despite the fact that online advertising has enhanced measurability.
Since online retailing first arrived, dealerships used e-mail leads as a basis for their marketing platform. However, most car shoppers today never generate a lead and those who do submit one, don't always convert. Jack Simmons, Cars.com dealer training manager, said that despite years of process optimization, the top dealers are only closing 15 percent of the leads they receive because most leads are sent to multiple dealerships, but only one car is sold in the end.
Shoppers do not see value in engaging through email because there is not a quick enough response. Instead they are opting for chat and text messaging. The webinar recommends being aware of new communication channels, measuring them and investing in media such as chat, website clicks and in-store visits. .
Most dealerships view the Vehicle Detail Page as a top indicator of digital marketing performance, but Cars.com cautions dealers the VDP itself may not necessarily be what influences shoppers to choose one dealer over another, especially in terms of comparing VDP views from third-party websites.
Users engage with the VDP in different ways turning it into a flawed metric. Cars.com categorized VDP shoppers as browsers and buyers. Both are in the process of buying a car, but at different stages. By lumping them together, dealers get mixed signals for what consumers are using the VDP for.
Dealers can optimize VDP performance by knowing how their inventory shows up in search results, pricing competitively to show up in search results and merchandising vehicles to stand out as they would on a dealer lot.


text:
import PropTypes from "prop-types";
import * as React from "react";
import { Trans } from "@lingui/macro";

import { DCOS_CHANGE } from "#SRC/js/constants/EventTypes";
import DCOSStore from "#SRC/js/stores/DCOSStore";
import Loader from "#SRC/js/components/Loader";

import ServiceItemNotFound from "../../components/ServiceItemNotFound";
import PodVolumeDetail from "./PodVolumeDetail";

class PodVolumeContainer extends React.Component {
  static propTypes = {
    params: PropTypes.object.isRequired,
  };

  state = { isLoading: !DCOSStore.serviceDataReceived, lastUpdate: 0 };

  componentDidMount() {
    DCOSStore.addChangeListener(DCOS_CHANGE, this.onStoreChange);
  }

  componentWillUnmount() {
    DCOSStore.removeChangeListener(DCOS_CHANGE, this.onStoreChange);
  }
  onStoreChange = () => {
    // Throttle updates from DCOSStore
    if (
      Date.now() - this.state.lastUpdate > 1000 ||
      (DCOSStore.serviceDataReceived && this.state.isLoading)
    ) {
      this.setState({
        isLoading: !DCOSStore.serviceDataReceived,
        lastUpdate: Date.now(),
      });
    }
  };

  render() {
    const { id, volumeID } = this.props.params;
    const serviceId = decodeURIComponent(id);
    const service = DCOSStore.serviceTree.findItemById(serviceId);
    const volumeId = decodeURIComponent(volumeID);

    if (this.state.isLoading) {
      return <Loader />;
    }

    if (!service) {
      return (
        <ServiceItemNotFound
          message={
            <Trans render="span">
              The service with the ID of "{id}" could not be found.
            </Trans>
          }
        />
      );
    }

    const volume = service
      .getVolumesData()
      .find((volume) => volume.id === volumeId);

    if (!volume) {
      return (
        <ServiceItemNotFound
          message={
            <Trans render="span">Volume '{volumeId}' was not found.</Trans>
          }
        />
      );
    }

    return <PodVolumeDetail service={service} volume={volume} />;
  }
}

export default PodVolumeContainer;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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I am feeling guilty about something that I have to get off my chest. Sorry kid… I will make it up to you somehow.
I went into the kid sis's room to turn off one of the many steampunk machine things she's got in there and I found a book that looked like a huge old 1800 egyptian travel journal. I took it to read. We always borrow each others books. So, I've sat in bed on my time off an realized I've read her journal about her side of the story of life with me. It spans many years with old letters and items glued into it. It's sad, funny and artistic.
Wow, I vaguely remember some of the stuff I've done. Other things I can't believe that was me. Some stuff I am more then amazed that she was so OK with. There are so many other pieces of the puzzle in there. It's changing my perspective about a lot of things. It's hard for me to put this book down even though I shouldn't be reading her journal.
She's pretty hush about her side of my antics. She usually just says, "Oh, it's not important now. You look so happy these days." I wish she would open up and just let me know what it was like for her to grow up with me being who I was. It's like reading about someone else even though I have a vague memory and definite scars from some of the events I'm reading about.
Have other people ever pondered what pieces of the puzzle other friends and family hold? Have others also been surprised by the vast difference in perception between what we see and what our caregivers and friends see?
Can I pose a hypothetical question? What if kid sis was to open up and tell you everything from her perspective? I'm not sure that it would accomplish anything except to add to your already too guilty conscience. Meaning that, I think, you need to let it go. Look to the wonderful future that you have happening right now. I know that's easier said then done. What happened is no one's fault.
I know my perception of things are a lot different then my son's.
my wife reminds me sometimes of stuff i did , and at first i don't believe her but she never lies.
i go wow ! really ! did i really do that or was i that bad, and then i end up saying sorry a lot !
I've written many letters of apology for past actions. Some have helped, some haven't. But I just felt I needed to say it.
Surprised, I support you a 100% but I realy don't think you should be reading her journal without her permission. Everyone's entitled to privacy and EVERYONE has secrets that are no ones business but their own. And journals are where people keep secrets.Maybe she didn't put down any secrets. But by reading her PRIVATE journal you might have discovered something that would've been embarrassing to both of you. And it might have even strained your good relationship. You know this. And I'm even a littler leery of you searching her room. Just my friendly opinion. In AA they taught me that verbal apologies are helpful but that the best way to say your sorry is by actions. Like not doing the same thing wrong again. i.e. modifying your behaviour. You talked about boundaries a little while ago. A boundary is not searching her room and not reading her journal. I'm sure (as a fellow addict) that you have done stuff when you were using that you are not proud of and you would not tell your sister. Shameful or embarrassing incidents. Extend her the same courtesy of not having to tell you EVERYTHING. Just my thoughts on the subject. No hard feelings of course.
Your correct of course. I am trying to be more respectful. I am going to tell her straight up after the finals. I am going to try to make it up to her. I'm also going to try stop going into her room.
I would say don't tell her…just get on with life!
In AA they taught me that verbal apologies are helpful but that the best way to say your sorry is by actions. Like not doing the same thing wrong again.
Thank you. This is what I've been saying.
I do have to say that with 4 older brothers my expectation of privacy really went out the window when I was younger. But now that I am almost 18. Having my room a little more secure would really ease my mind. Not that I have anything to hide, it's just I would like to tell my news in my own time, in my own way.
There are so many other pieces of the puzzle in there. It's changing my perspective about a lot of things. It's hard for me to put this book down even though I shouldn't be reading her journal.
I'm not angry and our friendship isn't hurt by this. However this is slightly bitter/sweet news. The book you found is not MY actual journal. It's a journal/scrapbook I made as a present for your Re-birthday. I'm glad you like it, I'm bummed you found it before it was all the way finished. I need to glue in the last two sections and finish binding it. Please don't beat your self up about this. It was meant for you to read and look through eventually.
Rougeone, it's already settled but the no -brainer is that kidsister is on this site!!
Actually, I have been in that position many times, where I've heard other people's point of view about me and how they perceive me, and I had no idea how I was behaving in reality, from family to friends to acquaintances…and it helped me big time, I started to change my self and I succeeded in many aspects, I'm a better person because of knowing what they feel about me and how bad or good my behavior was, I wonder if I didn't know what I knew then what will I have become, I still do try people how they really feel and perceive me so I can always improve in my self or explain so people might understand that I meant no harm…SurprisedJ I guess it can help you a lot to know those things and even talking about them with my sister…try not to blame each other, what's past is past.
That was what I was thinking. That is why I've been trying to get my kid sis to tell my her perception of some of the past incidents.
There is a part of me that has been trying to let go of some of the past. I have to admit, I blows my mind that some of the stuff she was OK with. But as she said in a letter, she was 4,5, and 6 so she saw things differently then. So I am trying to get past my past so to speak.
She found the site first and started posting when her support group started dissolving. But then I started posting and she backed off.


text:
Home Uplifting News A cemetery worker discovers a deer snuggled up next to a monument and is moved by the headstone she selects.
A cemetery worker discovers a deer snuggled up next to a monument and is moved by the headstone she selects.
Uplifting News By Charles Tran · April 29, 2022 · 0 Comment
When he realized what headstone the tiny fawn chose to nestle next to he couldn't help but get emotional about it. But why she chose that specific headstone, we'll never know.
Sadly, for some men and women, serving in the military means never coming home alive. These brave individuals fight for our country's freedom at all cost. For the families who've had to lay their loved ones to rest, it's heartbreaking.
For a few fortunate ones, something happens that gives them a sense of peace. It's like they receive a sign from the individual who passed away. Perhaps a specific type of bird or a butterfly lands on the grave while visiting it. But what about grave sites where unknown soldiers are laid to rest?
The unknown soldier
At one cemetery in Georgia, a soldier is buried. Since no one knows who he was, his headstone remains void except for the words "unknown U.S. soldier". If at some point he's identified, his name, birth date, and other information will be added.
A heartwarming sight
While going about his business at this cemetery, the maintenance supervisor, James Taylor, had a rare opportunity to see something that tugged at his heartstrings. Although this could've involved any one of the gravesites, it was the one belonging to the unknown soldier.
Quietly sleeping
There, all curled up at the base of this soldier's headstone was a tiny fawn. With the American flag nearby, it created a sense of patriotism. Taylor was so touched that he shared the photo he took with the Andersonville National Historic Site.
Coincidence or not?
The way the fawn laid by the unknown soldier's headstone…it was as if she knew he needed to be comforted. Although we'll never know what drew her there, she was content to stay. So, Taylor left her alone.
Taylor explained that later in the day when he headed back to that part of the cemetery, he saw the fawn's mother come to retrieve her baby. Slowly, they walked away together.
Paying her respect
Although no one knows why this fawn chose to rest beside the headstone of the unknown soldier, everyone seems to agree that she was there to show special respect. In her way, she was honoring a man who fought but lost. After all, animals have a keen sense that humans don't possess.
An incredible site
The Andersonville National Historic Site has roots that go back to the Civil War. At one time, it was the location of Camp Sumter, one of the largest military prisons for the Confederacy. For roughly 14 months, that prison held over 45,000 captured Union soldiers. During that time, some 13,000 died.
Still an active cemetery
While the Andersonville National Cemetery was established in 1865, it's still operational. Today, it handles about 150 burials annually.
A normal routine
As for the fawn, wildlife experts claim that when still young, does allow their babies to wander off a bit to learn to forage for food. They added it was especially common at the time of year when the photo was taken.
Differing opinions
While these professionals are probably right, some people feel there's more to the story. Foraging for food is one thing but curling up to the headstone of an unknown soldier is something completely different…at least in their minds.
Whether there's more going on or not, it's a beautiful symbol of honor and respect. Of course, if you ever come across a wild animal, even a fawn, you should never approach it. Instead, enjoy its beauty from a distance.
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Charles Tran


For more than 100 years, business education at Ohio State has prepared the next generation of leaders to make an immediate impact in their careers and around the world.
Today, the Max M. Fisher College of Business is home to a state-of-the-art, six-building campus—a jewel of Ohio State. But as our namesake believed, buildings are only enabling devices. Our people, programs and innovative spirit are what define us. Our community of students, faculty, staff, alumni and friends work each and every day to elevate our teaching, research, student experience and outreach efforts that—as our land-grant mission states—grow our economy and advance our lives.
Fisher is dedicated to this critical mission and to our responsibility to create ideas, encourage scholars and develop leaders who positively impact their communities near and far.


When I get to Heaven, will I see you there?
Do you know 100% based on the Holy Word of God that you will go to Heaven when you die?
God loves you and has not kept the way of salvation a secret. Please read more!
God says, in order to go to Heaven, you must be born again. In John 3:7, Jesus said to Nicodemus, "Ye must be born again.â€?
First, my friend, you must realize you are a sinner. "For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of Godâ€? (Romans 3:23).
Because you are a sinner, you are condemned to death. "For the wages [payment] of sin is deathâ€? (Romans 6:23). This includes eternal separation from God in Hell.
For … "it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgmentâ€? (Hebrews 9:27).
But God loved you so much He gave His only begotten Son, Jesus, to bear your sin and die in your place. "… He hath made Him [Jesus, Who knew no sin] to be sin for us … that we might be made the righteousness of God in Himâ€? (2 Corinthians 5:21).
Jesus had to shed His blood and die. "For the life of the flesh is in the bloodâ€? (Leviticus 17:11).
"…without shedding of blood is no remission [pardon]â€? (Hebrews 9:22).
"God commendeth His love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us� (Romans 5:8).
My friend, "God … commandeth all men everywhere to repentâ€? (Acts 17:30). This repentance is a change of mind that agrees with God that one is a sinner, and also agrees with what Jesus did for us on the Cross.
"But as many as received Him, to them gave He power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on His name� (John 1:12).
"For whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved� (Romans 10:13).
In Luke 18:13, the sinner prayed: "God be merciful to me a sinner.â€?
Just believe in your heart & pray: "Oh, God, I know I am a sinner. I believe Jesus was my substitute when He died on the Cross. I believe His shed blood, death, burial, and resurrection were for me. I now receive Him as my Savior. I thank You for the forgiveness of my sins, the gift of salvation and everlasting life, because of Your merciful grace. Amen.�
God's simple plan of salvation is: You are a sinner. Therefore, unless you believe on Jesus Who died in your place, you will spend eternity in Hell. If you believe on Him as your crucified, buried, and risen Savior, you receive forgiveness for all of your sins and His gift of eternal salvation by faith.
You say, "Surely, it cannot be that simple.� Yes, that simple! It is scriptural, It is God's plan. My friend, believe on Jesus and receive Him as Savior today.
"For what shall it profit a man, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?� (Mark 8:36).
God's power will save you, keep you saved, and enable you to live a victorious Christian life. "There hath no temptation taken you but such as is common to man: but God is faithful, Who will not suffer you to be tempted above that ye are able; but will with the temptation also make a way to escape, that ye may be able to bear itâ€? (I Corinthians 10:13).
Do not trust your feelings. They change. Stand on God's promises. They never change. After you are saved, there are three things to practice daily for spiritual growth: Pray — you talk to God. Read your Bible — God talks to you. Witness — you talk for God.
You should be baptized in obedience to the Lord Jesus Christ as a public testimony of your salvation, and then unite with a Bible-believing church without delay. "Be not thou therefore ashamed of the testimony of our Lordâ€? (2 Timothy 1:8).
"Whosoever therefore shall confess [testify of] Me before men, him will I confess also before My Father which is in heaven� (Matthew 10:32).


text:
Paris Prosecutor: Four Men With Ties to Charlie Hebdo Gunman Are First Charged in Terror Attacks
Paris prosecutor Francois Molins holds a press conference in Paris over today's terrorist attack on French satyrical newspaper Charlie Hebdo in Paris, on January 7, 2015. (ERIC FEFERBERG/AFP/Getty Images)
Story by the Associated Press; curated by Oliver Darcy.
PARIS (AP) — Four men with ties to one of the gunmen responsible for three days of terror in the Paris region are the first to be charged in connection with the attacks that left 20 people dead, including three attackers, the Paris prosecutor said Wednesday.
PARIS (@AP) — Prosecutor: 4 with ties to kosher market gunman are first charged in French terror attacks.
— TheBlazeNOW (@TheBlazeNOW) January 21, 2015
Paris Prosecutor Francois Molins said that four men were handed preliminary charges overnight of association with terrorism. They are suspected of providing logistical support to Amedy Coulibaly, who shot a policewoman to death on the outskirts of Paris and then killed four hostages at a kosher supermarket. The four were jailed until a further investigation.
The attacks started with the Jan. 7 massacre at the satirical newspaper Charlie Hebdo.
Three of the four had criminal records; at least one met Coulibaly in prison, Molins said.
He said that authorities in France are working with other countries to search for other possible accomplices. Molins said investigators are trying to uncover who was responsible for the posthumous video of Coulibaly, which was edited and released days after he and the Charlie Hebdo gunmen Said and Cherif Kouachi were killed by police.
In the video, Coulibaly pledges allegiance to the Islamic State group and details how the attacks were coordinated by the three men.


text:
Q: STM32F7 + FatFs = FR_NOT_READY I am now using CubeMx 4.23.0 and FW package for STM32F7 1.8.0
MCU is STM32F746 on Core746i board.
Everything is generated by CubeMx automatically.
main.c:
    SCB_EnableICache();
    SCB_EnableDCache();
    HAL_Init();
    SystemClock_Config();
    MX_GPIO_Init();
    MX_SDMMC1_SD_Init();
    MX_USB_DEVICE_Init();
    MX_FATFS_Init();

    HAL_Delay(3000);
    DebugString("start OK");

    uint8_t res = 0;
    FATFS SDFatFs;
    FIL MyFile;     /* File object */
    char SD_Path[4];

    res = f_mount(&SDFatFs, (TCHAR const*)SD_Path, 0);
    sprintf(DebugStr, "f_mount = 0x%02X", res);
    DebugString(DebugStr);

    res = f_open(&MyFile, "test.txt", FA_READ);
    sprintf(DebugStr, "f_open = 0x%02X", res);
    DebugString(DebugStr);

sdmmc.c:
void MX_SDMMC1_SD_Init(void)
    {

      hsd1.Instance = SDMMC1;
      hsd1.Init.ClockEdge = SDMMC_CLOCK_EDGE_RISING;
      hsd1.Init.ClockBypass = SDMMC_CLOCK_BYPASS_DISABLE;
      hsd1.Init.ClockPowerSave = SDMMC_CLOCK_POWER_SAVE_DISABLE;
      hsd1.Init.BusWide = SDMMC_BUS_WIDE_1B;
      hsd1.Init.HardwareFlowControl = SDMMC_HARDWARE_FLOW_CONTROL_DISABLE;
      hsd1.Init.ClockDiv = 7;

   //HAL_SD_Init(&hsd1);
   // ^^^^^ I also tried this here
   //HAL_SD_ConfigWideBusOperation(&hsd1, SDMMC_BUS_WIDE_4B)
   //^^^^ and this
            }

In case of f_mount(&SDFatFs, (TCHAR const*)SD_Path, 0) <- with 1 here (forced mount), output is:

*

*f_mount = 0x03

*f_open = 0x01

With 0 (do not mount now) output is:

*

*f_mount = 0x00

*f_open = 0x03

0x03 value is FR_NOT_READY, but official info is pretty vague about it
Things I've tried:

*

*Adding HAL_SD_Init(&hsd1) to MX_SDMMC1_SD_Init() since i didnt find where is SD card GPIO init happening.

*2 GB noname SD card, 1 GB Transcend card.

*Different hsd1.Init.ClockDiv 3 to 255.

*Resoldering everything completely.

*Switching to 4-bit wide bus using HAL_SD_ConfigWideBusOperation(&hsd1, SDMMC_BUS_WIDE_4B);

*Turn on and off pullups.

But card still does not mount. It's formatted in FAT, working on a PC, files i've tried to open are exist, but empty.
How to get it to mount?
Thanks in advance!

A: there was the problem with exact version of cubemx.
updating stm32cubemx helped.

A: You can  try

`f_mount(0, "path", 0);

` after the f_open call . it may work.
If the function with forced mounting failed with FR_NOT_READY, it means that the filesystem object has been registered successfully but the

volume is currently not ready to work

. The volume mount process will be attempted on subsequent file/directroy function.
If implementation of the disk I/O layer lacks asynchronous media change detection, application program needs to perform f_mount function after each media change to force cleared the filesystem object.

A: Changing all SDIO pins except SDIO_CK to pull-up according to This Topic works for me

A: Try commenting MX_USB_DEVICE_Init(), see what happens.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Happy Tuesday beauties! My posts may appear a bit sporadic over the next couple of weeks as I have a lot going on. With that I mind I wanted to share 7 things to do everyday to look after yourself. Now, these aren't major things to do everyday, but just little things that can help you feel good.
I've been in places in my life where I woke up feeling grumpy and it did nothing for me or my day! So, I decided to start thinking of 5 things I was grateful for each day. At first, it was the usual food, clothing and shelter thing which felt fake but, after time it soon changed. Suddenly I was grateful for being able to book that spontaneous trip. Or that I got a text message from friends who just wanted to say hello. It's the little things.
No, I don't think that you go out into the world being unkind but, what about yourself? Are you kind to you? Are you telling yourself things that you would never dream of saying to anyone? We have this record playing in the back of our minds and it gets to the point where we no longer hear what it's saying. But our unconscious is hearing it daily and it affects us. So stop being mean to yourself and say a kind word or several each day.
Take a break from the computer, tv, phone, social media and everything else with a screen. We get so tied down to technology that we miss the valuable human connection.
Laughter really is the best medicine and if you open your eyes, there's something to tickle your funny bone. If you don't observe something, have conversations with people and something will make you laugh. Or, you can read a book!
My final tip is basically to make your main meal a healthy one. If you don't look after your body, where will you live? So load up on vegetables and all the good stuff that will treat your insides kindly. What type of diet you choose is your choice, just make sure it works for you and your body.
Those are my 7 things to do everyday which are really simple and easy to implement. Life is too short to live a miserable existence. What are you 7 things to do everyday? Let me know in the comments below.
I will be making a few changes to my newsletter over the coming weeks, so be sure to sign up to be in the loop!


text:
Apollo Theatre: Everybody's Talking About Jamie
We will be showing Everybody's Talking About Jamie live from the Apollo Theatre on Thursday 5th July at 7.15pm.
Jamie is sixteen and lives on a council estate in Sheffield.
Jamie doesn't quite fit in.
Jamie is terrified about the future.
He is going to be a sensation.
Supported by his brilliant loving mum and surrounded by his friends, Jamie overcomes prejudice, beats the bullies and steps out of the darkness, into the spotlight.
Inspired by a true story, John McCrea, Josie Walker, Tamsin Carroll, Lucie Shorthouse and Phil Nichol lead a twenty-four strong company and an eight-piece band. With songs by Dan Gillespie Sells (lead singer-songwriter of The Feeling) and book and lyrics by writer Tom MacRae, this funny, fabulous, feel-good, musical sensation has been thrilling audiences and critics alike.
Winner of 3 WhatsOnStage Awards including Best New Musical and nominated for 5 Olivier Awards.
You can watch the official trailer on YouTube
★★★★★ 'Irresistible: a joyous, life affirming Billy Elliot' THE INDEPENDENT
★★★★★ 'This fizzing musical is a blast of fresh air. The songs have the wow factor' THE TIMES
★★★★★ 'A joyous punch in the air about following your dreams and being yourself' TIME OUT
★★★★★ 'Sweeps you away on a tide of mischief, warmth and exuberance' FINANCIAL TIMES
Thu. 05 Jul, 2018


Cable had its strongest day in nearly three weeks ending up at 1.5507. GBP/USD began a steep recovery early in Friday's session reaching an intraday high of 1.5545.
The pair is encountering resistance around that level which coincides with the 200-day moving average. A clear break above will suggest further upside and a break out of the downwards trend that's been in place since mid-June.
Improving trade data provided a bullish tone for sterling throughout the session on Friday.
The UK's goods trade balance narrowed unexpectedly in May. Imports fell over the month while exports remained static. This took the trade deficit down to £8B from £9.4B the previous month.
The deficit has been trending downwards for the past year, and the latest data shows that it is at its narrowest since January 2014. Goods exports were largely unmoved though despite efforts to rebalance the economy away from domestic demand and towards exports.
GBP/JYP mirrored moves in cable with the pair rising on very strong momentum upwards some 2% to 190.47. The pair has moved firmly back within the upwards ascending channel. Resistance lies at 190.95 and support at 189.97. Adding to the momentum in GBP/JPY, the yen experienced a pullback after a reversal of safe haven flows. This came after a cautious recovery in Asian markets towards the tail end of the week.
EUR/GBP pushed downwards to 0.7185 remaining within the center of a moderate downwards trend. Sterling is showing relative strength against the single currency which still has a number of risk factors weighing on it (namely Greece and QE).


1 x pen with 0.4mm medium point Gel ink Metallic point pen with smooth flowing ink which does not bleed thorough paper. Great for creating metallic lines, designs and wording using stencils, or for journaling. Manufacturers description: SAKURA-Gelly Roll Metallic Point Pen. These smooth flowing high performance pens come in rich colors! Ink adheres to matte and glossy surfaces. Great for scrapbooking; journaling and more on light and dark papers. Pens have a medium 0.4mm point. Conforms to ASTM D 4236.


Then type in "Michael Palin" in the search field. Also, there are some new pics of Eric Idle if you type in his name.
Loving it! How great to see Michael and the Terries (sp?) hamming it up for the camera. What lovely pictures.
I agree, canaveralgumby. :) tick tock!


The Democrats may be less inclined to cooperate now that President Trump is on the defensive after global media criticism that he assailed "s--hole countries"-although the Washington Post , National Review's Rich Lowry and others say aides are now insisting that the president said "s--house countries".
Adam Schiff , the ranking member on the House Intelligence Committee . The White House has indicated, CBS News has learned, that it is open to a new scope of inquiry regarding Bannon, but wants to go through a certain process. But committee members say they still want to hear from Bannon. News of Mr Bannon's coming co-operation with the Mueller probe comes just after the tell-all book Fire and Fury: Inside the Trump White House .
But now, channels will have to have 1,000 subscribers and 4,000 hours of watch time within the past 12 months to be eligible for ads. But as worrisome as the Logan Paul episode was for frequent visitors of YouTube , the actual reason that Google has to address the root of the problem is because of advertisers.
She added: "Then, in order to be talked about, they will say they have been harassed". Legendary French actress Brigitte Bardot denounced the #MeToo movement and the increase in Hollywood figures speaking out against sexual harassment in an interview with French magazine Paris Match .
While Winfrey recently shot down the idea of a possible presidential bid , telling Gayle King on " CBS This Morning " in October that there would be "no running for office of any kind for me", she said on Sunday that she would consider a run .
Another individual is a guy by the name of Josh Duhamel, he's been in a lot of high-profile movies, he's also known as the former husband of Fergie . Reigns has previously been accused of breaking the WWE's wellness policy . Roman, a three-time WWE Champion, is widely regarded as one of the company's biggest assets, having headlined each of the last three WrestleManias.
Dylan Farrow , Allen's adopted daughter, accused the director of sexually abusing her in the early 1990s while she was a child. But the sexual harassment firestorm that has brought down Hollywood titans such as Harvey Weinstein and Kevin Spacey has fueled a growing backlash against Allen.
The Brent benchmark was trading up 0.10 percent at 69.45 dollars. Kuwait will continue playing a role as consensus builder within OPEC, said the country's Minister of Oil and Minister of Electricity and Water Bakheet S. On Tuesday, the EIA said it expected US oil output to increase in February, with production from shale rising by 111,000 barrels per day (bpd) to 6.55 million bpd.
Rumours have been swirling of a possible engagement after Williams stepped out onto the Golden Globes red carpet wearing what appeared to be a new heart-shaped diamond engagement ring. Youmans is a financier based in NY who Williams was first spotted with in July of 2017. But that wasn't the first time they were spotted together as paparazzi caught them last summer in Rome, where she was filming the Golden Globe nominated film, All the Money in the World .
Navy doctor Ronny Jackson on Tuesday provided details of Trump's first physical last Friday at the Walter Reed military hospital in Maryland. Jackson, the White House physician, said Tuesday that Trump scored a flawless 30 out of 30 on the test.
South Korea is 14 hours ahead of the East Coast. The opening ceremony is scheduled for February 9 from the South Korean city, with NBC's coverage starting the night before. Airing the Olympics has been a tradition for NBC since the turn of the century. This will be the first live-streamed opening ceremony, according to NBC, and will start at 6 a.m.
Wiig is also serving as an executive producer. Those numbers skyrocketed for season two not only because of the show's success, but also because of the precedent of the massive payday Witherspoon scored from Apple . As reported a few months back , Apple has ordered 20 episodes of a new show from Aniston and Witherspoon that will offer an "inside look at the lives of the people who help America wake up early in the morning".
With massive $112 million box office collection expectations from the long Christmas weekend, Star Wars: The Last Jedi is eyeing to surpass $400 million mark on the occasion of Christmas at the domestic box office. Abrams did with The Force Awakens . "Actually the big influence for me was there was a miniseries called Masada that was on when I was a kid, and it made a huge impression on me", Rian Johnson revealed.
But Mike's brother faces three more counts of filing false tax returns for 2010, 2011, and 2012; " The Situation " himself is also facing two counts of the same charge, along with another one for failing to file a tax return at all in 2011.
Isolation was somewhat of a departure from the Alien video game franchise as it was more in line with Ridley Scott 's 1979 original, placing more emphasis on suspense, survival, and outsmarting the Xenomorphs . This is only the second title to be announced by FoxNext Games, following the revelation of mobile free-to-play RPG Marvel Strike Force late a year ago.
Farrow has previously questioned why the "Me Too" movement hasn't ensnarled Allen. "Having thought it all through, you put it to one side and just work with the person". The actor defended and praised the film director despite other stars speaking up against him. "The renunciation of (Allen) and his work, no doubt, has some objective", he wrote .
Initially, Curry seemed as if she was going to dodge the direct questions about the sexual harassment allegations against Lauer. Lauer was sacked over "inappropriate sexual behavior" last November. She then said she was not the person to ask this question before stating: ' I don't know what all was behind it. It wasn't a fun moment ... I've learned a great deal about myself.


18 MP3 Songs in this album (76:51) !
He often came to see us with Houston Person and Etta Jones, whose singing he loved dearly. He saw and bought a copy of my book, Iâm Just the Drummer in the Band, and asked me to autograph it. I felt like I was heading in the right direction.
This recording is Chipâs fourth as a leader and composer. The others are "Harlem Sunset" (Postcards, 1994), "Music and Lyrics" (Dark Colors, 2005), and "Double Dedication" (Dark Colors, 2008). The poems on Chipâs CDs come from his book of more than 100 poems for famous jazz musicians, "Iâm Just the Drummer in the Band."


Cornell University is part of the Ivy League group of schools, famous not only for academic excellence, but sports rivalries as well.
At the Telestream booth, Lightspeed Live Stream and Capture for enterprise streaming, processing and distribution is being featured, along with a new joint solution with IBM Aspera FASPStream that enables high-quality streaming to remote production teams for near real-time editing and production over standard IP networks.
Telestream is helping bring the movies to television in Italy; movie trailers that is.