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You are here: Home / Arts, Culture, Entertainment, Meetings, Events / Nature Artifacts Artist Trent Alyse Receives Arts Council Grant
Nature Artifacts Artist Trent Alyse Receives Arts Council Grant
January 11, 2021 by Post
Trent Alyse
TAMPA – Jan. 11, 2021 – Popular nature artifacts artist Trent Alyse, who specializes in sculpture, jewelry and other art forms using ethically sourced materials including bones, exoskeletons and plants, received a 2021 Professional Development for Artists grant from the Arts Council of Hillsborough County.
An emerging artist who has developed an international following on social media, @kittybombcurios, and her Etsy shop, KittyBombCurios, Trent Alyse's creations transform throwaway taxidermy, human and animal bones, gemstones and other materials into unique, exquisitely crafted works of art.
"I can see the attention to detail in her work, for sure, the craftsmanship," noted Arts Council grants judge Caitlin Albritton.
"I think she represents Tampa Bay and Hillsborough County in a great way," added judge David Valdez.
Trent Alyse is a Hillsborough County Public Schools art teacher. Her work has been featured in Venom Magazine, was recently accepted for permanent display at Crab Devil's Peninsularium Gallery in Tampa, and will be featured in the TV pilot of Surreal Camile. She has been invited to/accepted as a featured artist at numerous Tampa Bay Area arts shows, including the upcoming Dark Art Show, 4-8 p.m. Jan. 16 at Dark Door Spirits Distillery, 6608 Anderson Road, Tampa. Visit Dark Art Show for details.
"As a Tampa native, I'm so proud that we have an organization like the Hillsborough Arts Council investing in artists," said Trent Alyse, whose grant will fund silversmithing lessons and tools. "I'm a kid who benefited from wonderful Hillsborough County public and private school art teachers. That creative outlet in my formative years helped me excel academically, socially and emotionally."
Trent Alyse, who graduated from Florida State University with a bachelor's in studio arts, notes that her education was paid for largely through scholarships. That's a tangible benefit of arts education for all ages, she said.
The Arts Council of Hillsborough County provides support for the professional growth of accomplished local artists. The Professional Development for Artists Grant Program was established to recognize the important contributions of creative individuals to the cultural vitality of Hillsborough County.
Filed Under: Arts, Culture, Entertainment, Meetings, Events, Education

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The Vortaro de Esperanto (), published by Kazimierz Bein in 1911, was the first monolingual dictionary ever published in Esperanto.

It is considered the predecessor of the Plena Vortaro de Esperanto, published in 1930, and of the current Plena Ilustrita Vortaro, whose last edition came out in 2020.

The first edition of the Vortaro de Esperanto was published in 1911, the second in 1922 and the third in 1925 (they were, in truth, merely reprints). Overall 8500 copies of the dictionary were printed; the book was 175 pages long.

The only Esperanto dictionary published previously had been the Plena Vortaro, an Esperanto–Esperanto and Esperanto–French dictionary published in 1909 by Émile Boirac; nevertheless, it contained somewhat imprecise definitions in its monolingual section.

Esperantologists consider the Vortaro de Esperanto a valuable source of information about the Esperanto of the early 20th century, given the presence of many archaisms and old-fashioned meanings of words.

Structure
The definitions, brief but clear, contain example phrases.  However, the dictionary lacks any etymological references to the first use of a word and does not mention whether or not a word was personally introduced to the language by Zamenhof, or possibly even mentioned in his Fundamento de Esperanto.

The structure has remained essentially the same throughout the Plena Vortaro of 1930 and in the modern Plena Ilustrita Vortaro.

See also

 Plena Vortaro de Esperanto
 Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto

References

Esperanto dictionaries
1911 non-fiction books

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Country Artists. Dog figurine ornaments, bird figurines and many other animal sculptures including wildlife figurines from this world renown brand. Gifts for dog lovers including many different dog breeds, gifts ideas for men. Ornamental dogs and of course cat ornaments for cat lovers. Also included is the range of A Breed Apart ornaments.
Your Presents has a large range of wildlife figurines including elephant ornaments. A wonderful range of elephant figurines gifts for the elephant lover in your life.
Country Artists ornaments and animal figurine ornaments. This world renown brand has many different animal sculptures including pottery birds, ceramic figurines, collectible dog ornaments, cat ornament figurines which would make lovely animal gifts and many different animal statues and sculptures of wild life animals. These ornaments and sculptures are collectibles of the future. From A Breed Apart a range of quirky ornaments including A Breed Apart cat ornaments, A Breed Apart farmyard figurines, and A Breed Apart wildlife animal ornaments and dog figurines plus Border Fine Arts animal ornaments.


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Judi Casey
Judi Casey was the Founding Director of the Work and Family Researchers Network (WFRN) which she ran from November 2010 until October 2014. She was instrumental in transitioning the former Sloan Work and Family Research Network to the WFRN and for moving the WFRN from a Foundation funded project to a sustainable business model.
At the Sloan Work and Family Research Network, Judi Casey served as both the Principal Investigator and Director from September 2005 until October 2010. Prior to the Network, she worked at the Boston College Center for Work & Family in various roles for 15 years. She was the Director of the New England Work & Family Association (NEWFA), conducted corporate research and custom analyses for the Center's Standards of Excellence in Work/Life Integration project, and managed the Work/Life Certificate Program. Judi is well-known for her ability to bridge the world of the corporate practitioner with research about the work/life field.
Judi Casey is the author (with S. Sweet & J. Lewis) of the 2009 article in Women's Studies Quarterly, "Connecting motherhood to work: Teaching resources and strategies," and with (S. Sweet, J. Mumm, & M. Pitt-Catsouphes) of the 2008 article in Teaching Sociology, "Teaching work and family to undergraduate students: Catalyzing pedagogical, curricular, and programmatic innovations." She also wrote (with J. James), Business or Busyness: Strategies for Managing Workload and (with P. Chase), Creating a Culture of Flexibility: What it is, Why it Matters, How to Make it Work, from the Center's 2004 Executive Briefing Series. She has written numerous articles on work/life topics and is a frequent speaker at local and national conferences. Judi has a BA from Washington University in St. Louis and an MSW from Boston University.
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Michael Jordan in the Hall of Fame!
Michael Jordan has been inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame in a ceremony in Springfield, Massachusetts.
Jordan, 46, considered by many to be the game's greatest player, led the Chicago Bulls to six NBA titles before finishing with the Washington Wizards.
"Basketball has meant everything to me - it's been the place of the most intense pain and joy," said Jordan.
A well deserved honor for Michael!!
Re: Michael Jordan in the Hall of Fame!
He was the greatest basketball player of all time. Thas all that needs to be said about Michael Jordan.
Michael Jordan, the best basketball player of all time? You people are obviously not old enoughto know some of the truely great ones! However, I'll say this, besides Jerry West, one can flip a coin as to who is the greatest guard in the NBA, either West or Jordan, but he's just not the greatest player, thats for sure!!.
Now, can anyone who knows the sport, actually name the greatest player, or better yet, name the best five to put on the floor? Knowing that West and Jordan, will be at the guards position? Let's see.
He totally deserves to be in the Hall of Fame, he was an immense player. My all-time favorite is Larry Bird though.
I believe Michael Jordan truly deserves it.
He is a great team player in every aspect of the game to come up with the greatest player.
But my favorite has always been Bill Russell cause he is simply the very best!
I'm not into basketball but I know who Michael Jordan is. I think he deserves to be there too.
now come on, everyone. Did I say Jordan didn't belong in the hall? no. I said, (Jodan, just wasn't the best the game has ever seen!) This subject is quite lengthy, to be honest, and I'm not feeling good this morning.
Nan, your on the right track with Bill Russell. His skills, and out an out hussle, passes MJ. L. Bird is another for consideration, however, his longevity, and desire come into play.
blue, lol your close, Maravich wasn't from that college. However, a talent that was lost way to soon.
Here's a fact, I played H.S. ball with a team-mate (Mike Mitchell) of this indviduals son, where they both played at Notre Dame. Both Mitchell, and this persons son, had decent careers in the Euorpean leagues.
Blue, I'm from the bay area. does this help? You should be able to answer this now!
Blue, this individual was called the Miami Greyhound, at times.
Your most likely way too young to remember. If it wasn't for his attitidude, and 1 just has to stop and see where he was coming from, (unfortunately the media got in the way, and presented something one could say is trash, but readable), his ranking, is a bit down on the list. I saw him, and the man was of many talents. Not only his physical skills on the court, but the mental part of the game. He was 20 years ahead of the game, mentally, as was Maravich!
It would have been amazeing, to see Jordan, West, Chamberlin or Russel, then Barry and a forward such as Carl Malone, or Akeem Olajuan.
That group, would have been unstoppable.
Kareem Abdul Jabbar. He was good, right?
Personally I think Manu Ginobili is pretty good. Okay, okay, I'm not a big master of basketball stats and stuff, but when Manu appeared on the scene he was like the daffy duck of basketball. crazy wild shots being made right on! He was unbelievable with some of his shots. GO SPURS GO!
hey chilly, very true. Manu has developed into a very good, if not great NBA player. Unfortunately, he does not fall into the same class as the individuals I mentioned. Remembering, Manu, is an excellent player! It would be, to say the least impossible to get into those few.
You mentioned Kareem, ( I aways called him Al-Cindor) . He can't be left out, when talking about this. The best, no, he doesn't quailfy. He should hold records, that will never be broken. Unfortunately, his enjoyment of cannibis cuts him off., In another 50 years, any of his records, will be gone. Chamberlin or Russell, they are the best at their position. Then West n Jordan at guard, and you know my feelings on the rest.
This is debateable, and I would enjoy all feed-back. Stand by, I have statistics to back my words!


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Update on epidemiology of canine babesiosis in Southern France
Magalie René-Martellet1,4,
Claire Valiente Moro2,
Jeanne Chêne1,
Gilles Bourdoiseau1,
Luc Chabanne1,4 &
Patrick Mavingui2,3
Canine babesiosis is an emerging or re-emerging disease caused by Babesia and Theileria protozoans, also called piroplasms, transmitted by Ixodid ticks. In Europe, four etiological agents have been identified to date, namely Babesia canis, B. vogeli, B. gibsoni and Theileria annae. France has a high prevalence of canine babesiosis and two tick species, Dermacentor reticulatus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus, are supposed to transmit B. canis and B. vogeli respectively. In southern France, where dog infections with B. vogeli were recently confirmed, no comprehensive study was performed to date on piroplasm species infecting dogs. Thus, a large scale survey involving veterinary clinics, kennels and tick collection from the environment was conducted from 2010 to 2012 in this area.
From 2010 to 2012, 140 dog blood samples and 667 ticks were collected. All blood and a subset of ticks were screened for the presence of piroplasms by PCR amplification of 18S rDNA. B. vogeli, B. canis and T. annae were detected in 13.6, 12.9 and 0.7 % dogs respectively. B. vogeli and B. canis were detected in 10.5 % and in 1.6 % R. sanguineus ticks including 1.3 % co-infections. B. canis was the only species detected in D. reticulatus ticks (9.7 %). B. canis infections were only recorded in the southwest of France whereas B. vogeli was mainly found in the southeast. Finally, a significantly higher prevalence of B. vogeli infection was found in Gard compared to Corsica and Drôme regions, both in dogs (p < 0.002) and R. sanguineus ticks (p < 0.02) although R. sanguineus was the main ticks species removed from dogs in those three areas.
The survey confirmed the circulation of both B. canis and B. vogeli in dogs in southern France with differences in distribution probably linked to the distribution of their respective vectors. It also showed differences in prevalence of B. vogeli infection in areas similar in terms of risk of dogs infestation with R. sanguineus. Further studies focusing on genetic and microbiota of R. sanguineus ticks should be conducted to explore other biological interactions that may explain the differences observed.
Babesiosis (or piroplasmosis) is an emerging or re-emerging tick-borne disease caused by intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genera Babesia and Theileria, also known as piroplasms [1]. In dogs, infection by these parasites usually induces a syndrome characterized by hyperthermia and anaemia that can be fatal when complicated [1]. The severity of the disease depends on various factors including the Babesia/Theileria species involved and the age and immune status of the host [1]. In the last few decades, thanks to molecular biology, new piroplasma species were evidenced bringing to at least seven the number of species able to infect dogs in the world [1–3]. In Europe, four of these species have been identified to date, namely B. canis, B. vogeli, B. gibsoni and B. microti-like also known as Theileria annae, Babesia sp. "Spanish dog" or Babesia vulpes sp. nov [3, 4]. B. canis is the most widely distributed species coinciding with the distribution of its known vector Dermacentor reticulatus [5, 6]. B. vogeli is generally found around the Mediterranean basin where R. sanguineus is the predominant tick species [3]. Infections by B. gibsoni and B. microti-like seem to remain sporadic and their vectors are currently unknown. In addition, DNA of Theileria equi, Babesia caballi and Babesia rossi have been very exceptionally detected in dog blood samples in Europe however the epidemiological significance of these observations is unclear [7, 8].
France has a high prevalence of canine babesiosis overall but incidence rates vary considerably according to the seasons and locality [9–11]. Although, the disease occurs almost in the whole country, more cases are generally reported in the southwest, including west of the Mediterranean basin, while they are more scarce in Corsica and east of the Mediterranean basin [12–14]. Both vectors, D. reticulatus and R. Sanguineus, are supposed to transmit Babesia canis and Babesia vogeli respectively in the country but knowledge on their distribution, pathogens they transmit as well as climatic conditions favorable to transmission is still lacking, especially in southern France where reports are scarce or interested small foci [5, 8, 9, 15]. Moreover, the taxonomic status of R. sanguineus remain controversial and it is now clearly established that several species are gathered into the so called R. sanguineus group [16]. In particular, it was shown that ticks of the R. sanguineus group can be divided into two main lineages: ticks of "temperate" and "tropical" areas [17–19]. The impact of those genetic variations of ticks among the R. sanguineus group on B. vogeli transmission has not been evaluated to date. In the continuity of our previous reports [11, 15] a large scale survey was conducted in the French Mediterranean basin in order to (i) enhance knowledge on prevalence of Babesia vogeli and other piroplasm infections in dogs (ii) try to provide key elements of response to the inhomogeneous distribution of canine babesiosis cases and (ii) appraise the importance of each vector, R. sanguineus and D. reticulatus, in the transmission of the disease in this region.
From 2010 to 2012, dog blood samples and ticks were collected from veterinary practices, kennels and the environment in southern France and tested for the presence of piroplasms using molecular tools. The study confirmed the circulation of Babesia canis and B. vogeli in dogs with differences in prevalence of infections between regions. It also supports the role of both R. sanguineus and D. reticulatus ticks in the transmission of the disease in this area.
The survey was conducted at 13 locations in southern France (Fig. 1; Table 1) and involved veterinary clinics, kennels and tick collection from the environment. Study sites were selected in order to cover regions with different ecological characteristics. To enhance knowledge on prevalence of infection with Babesia vogeli and potential risk of babesiosis transmission to dog by R. sanguineus ticks, six of the sampling locations were situated in the Gard department, an area where were recently confirmed several cases of infections of dogs by this pathogen [15]. For this specific area, meteorological data (mean monthly maximum and minimum temperatures and rainfall) were obtained from the French national meteorological service (http://france.meteofrance.com/, Nîmes-Courbessac station).
Map of sampling sites in southern France. The figure depicts southern France and its administrative divisions called "départements". Départements where ticks and/or blood sampling where performed are indicated in grey. The survey was conducted at 13 locations indicated by black dots corresponding to veterinary practices, kennels or the environment as detailed in Table 1. Sites codes are as follows: CO, Corsica; DR, Drôme; HE, Hérault; HG, Haute-Garonne; HP, Hautes-Pyrénées; GA, Gard. We thank J.F. Bradu for providing the basemap of French départements
Table 1 Sampling locations and methods
Dogs were included in the survey in case of clinical suspicion of canine babesiosis and/or infestation with ticks. In kennels, dogs housed for more than 3 years were also selected. For all dogs included, a questionnaire was completed in order to obtain background information on pets in particular the usual place of residence, the history of any recent travel, the vaccination status regarding babesiosis and informed consent of owners. The analyses were realized in a context of diagnosis in dogs infested by ticks or suspect of canine babesiosis, thus no approval by an ethics committee was required. Finally, only dogs living around the sampling area without known travel history were kept for subsequent analyses. For each dog, blood was sampled from the cephalic or the jugular veins and stored in collection tubes with EDTA (anticoagulant) at 5 °C ± 1 °C until DNA extraction within 5 days of collection. A blood smear was also made extemporaneously with fresh or whole blood in EDTA, air-dried, stained using the May Grünwald Giemsa method and stored at room temperature before observation under light microscopy to search for intra-erythocytic forms of piroplasms.
Ticks were collected from infested dogs or from the environment by visual picking or flagging. All ticks were stored in 70 % ethanol until identification.
Ticks identification
Ticks were all identified under light microscopy using morphological identification keys [20, 21]. For ticks of the R. sanguineus group, morphological identification was stopped at the group level because of the actual confused taxonomic status of several species inside the group. To unequivocally identify some R. sanguineus tick specimens, PCR amplification of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and 12S rRNA genes (Table 2) and BLAST analysis of the sequences was done as previously described [15]. In particular, all ticks of the R. sanguineus group retrieved from the environment were identified by the molecular method because of the greater variety of species possibly collected when using the flagging method (without a selective host trap).
Table 2 Primers used in the study
DNA extraction from blood and tick samples
DNA was extracted from dog blood samples and a subset of ticks for diagnostic PCR analysis to detect piroplasms. Since R. sanguineus and D. reticulatus ticks are the only known vectors of piroplasms in Europe to date and the possibility of piroplasm transmission to dogs by other ticks species has never been demonstrated, only ticks belonging to these two species were kept for subsequent analysis. All dog blood samples and all R. sanguineus and D. reticulatus ticks retrieved from the environment were analyzed. However, for ticks collected from dogs, DNA was extracted from all specimens if the tick infestation level was low and from a subset of specimens selected at random, in numbers proportional to the stage and sex (e.g. larva, nymph, adult male and female) of the ticks found on the host, in cases of heavy infestation. DNA was extracted as previously described [15] and the quality of extracted DNA was assessed by PCR amplification of mitosin or mitochondrial 16S rRNA genes specific for dogs and ticks respectively (Table 2). Quantification of total DNA was systematically performed after each DNA extraction using a spectrophotometer (Nanodrop®).
Molecular methods for piroplasms detection and characterization
All tick and blood DNA samples were screened using two PCR methods : (i) a Babesia/Theileria genera specific nested PCR method using primer sets BTF1/BTR1 and BTF2/BTR2 that was shown to be very sensitive for the detection of piroplasms on blood [22] and (ii) a specific PCR that was recently validated for detection of Babesia vogeli in ticks (Table 2) [15]. The amplification reactions for Babesia/Theileria genera specific nested PCR were carried out in a thermocycler (Biometra® T gradient, Goettingen, Germany) in 25 μl of reaction mixture containing 30 ng of extracted DNA, 200 μM (each) deoxyribonucleotides, 0.625 U of Hotstartaq DNA polymerase (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and 12.5 pmol of each primer in the reaction buffer provided by the manufacturer (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) [22]. B. vogeli specific PCR was performed as explained before [15]. Positive (B. rossi and B. vogeli DNA) and negative (reaction mix without DNA) controls were used in each PCR assay. Amplified DNA fragments were separated by electrophoresis through 1.5 % agarose gels stained with ethidium bromide and visualized under ultraviolet light. All PCR reactions were strictly performed according to the protocols described in the original papers.
To discriminate between species within the Babesia/Theileria positive samples detected by nested PCR, a Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism method (RFLP) was tested on PCR products from the second round of amplification. Amplified fragments of 800-bp 18S rDNA (10 μL) were digested using TaqI (65 °C) and HinfI (37 °C) enzymes (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) for 3 h according to a protocol adapted from Carret et al. [23]. Restricted fragments were examined by electrophoresis on 2 % agarose gels and the profiles were compared to those of the 7 species that were detected to date in dog blood samples in Europe B. caballi, B. canis, B. gibsoni, B. rossi, B. vogeli, T. equi, and T. annae obtained from infected animals or parasite cultures provided by different laboratories. The identities of these positive controls had been previously confirmed by PCR amplification, sequencing and BLASTN analysis of 18S rRNA gene.
Finally, most Babesia/Theileria positive PCR products from dogs and ticks were sequenced at BIOFIDAL-DTAMB (FR BioEnvironment and Health, Lyon, France) to assess the possible genetic variability of species and ensure that no other piroplasm with similar restriction profile than the 7 tested was amplified. The sequences were analysed with the BLASTN program (http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi).
Statistical analyses were performed using R software [24]. Prevalences of infection in each area were estimated by calculating the ratio of positive samples divided by the total number of samples analyzed. Prevalences of B. vogeli infections in dogs and R. sanguineus ticks from Gard, Corsica and Drôme were compared using a Fisher's exact test with a significance threshold defined as p < 0.05.
Nucleotide sequence accession numbers
Sequences of piroplasms obtained from bloods and/or ticks were deposited in GenBank with the following accession numbers: JX304662 to JX871892 for B. vogeli; KC902833 and KC593877 to KC593879 for B. canis; and JX454779 for T. annae. Mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences from ticks of the Rhipicephalus group affiliated to R. sanguineus "temperate" species after BLAST analyses were deposited in GenBank with the following accession numbers: JQ362399 to JQ362409 and JX304684 to JX304708. Mitochondrial 12S rDNA sequences from ticks of the Rhipicephalus group affiliated to R. sanguineus "temperate" species were deposited in GenBank with accession numbers JX304709 to JX304744. Mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences from ticks of the Rhipicephalus group affiliated to R. pusillus after BLAST analyses were deposited in GenBank with accession numbers KC593861 to KC593876. Only sequences of excellent quality were deposited in GenBank.
Samples collection and ticks identification
From 2010 to 2012, 155 dogs were selected from which 140 bloods and 635 ticks were retrieved (Tables 1 and 3). In addition, 32 ticks were collected from the environment. Sampling areas involving veterinary clinics were divided in 2 groups: a first group (GA, DR and CO) where samplings were regular and concerned dogs suspected of canine babesiosis as well as healthy dogs infested by ticks and a second group (HE, HG and HP) where samplings were mainly performed in case of canine babesiosis suspicion.
Table 3 Results of tick and dog blood collection per study site
Ticks were first identified using morphological keys. From the 635 ticks collected from dogs, 574 belonged to the R. sanguineus group and 33, 27 and 1 to the species D. reticulatus, Ixodes ricinus and Pholeoixodes hexagonus respectively. From the 32 ticks collected in the environment, 31 were affiliated to the R. sanguineus group and 1 to Haemaphysalis spp. Among the 574 ticks of the R. sanguineus group retrieved from dogs, a subset of 33 ticks (19 from Gard and 14 from Corsica) was selected for molecular identification together with all ticks collected in the environment. After sequencing their mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene, BLASTN analyses confirmed that the 33 specimens retrieved from dogs were affiliated with "temperate" species of R. sanguineus having 97 to 100 % identity with R. sanguineus specimens from Oklahoma [GenBank: AF081829], Spain [GenBank: Z97884; GenBank: GU553081], Chile [GenBank: GU553077], Uruguay [GenBank: GU553084] and Argentina [GenBank: GU553078]. Among the 31 ticks of the R. sanguineus group recovered from the environment, sequence analysis showed that 14 were affiliated with "temperate" species of R. sanguineus and 17 with R. pusillus (98 to 99 % homology with R. pusillus [GenBank: AJ002957 and Z97883]). BLAST analyses of sequences of selected specimens amplified on mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene confirmed previous affiliations.
Specificity of nested PCR-RFLP for piroplasms detection
A nested PCR-RFLP method was tested with the seven piroplasm species detected to date in dog blood samples in Europe (Fig. 2). This method confirmed its ability to discriminate the seven Babesia/Theileria species tested. Its accuracy for detection of Babesia/Theileria species in dog blood samples as well as in tick samples was established since no inappropriate bands were observed. Consequently, this method was used to screen for piroplasms in dog blood samples and ticks.
PCR-RFLP profiles of 18S rRNA gene fragments from selected piroplasm species. This method was used to discriminate between Babesia/Theileria species from ticks or blood samples known to contain piroplasms following nested PCR targeting the 18S rRNA gene. Lanes 2 to 8 and lanes 10 to 16 show PCR-RFLP products for seven piroplasm species known or supposed to infect dogs in France and in Europe digested with endonucleases TaqI or HinfI, respectively. Lanes 1, 9 and 17 show 100-bp molecular weight markers. Product sizes expected for each piroplasm species after digestion with TaqI or HinfI enzymes are given in the table
Piroplasms detection in dogs
All blood samples were screened for the presence of piroplasms using Babesia/Theileria specific nested PCR-RFLP as well as a B. vogeli specific PCR method. Results of piroplasm detections in blood samples are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 Prevalence of piroplasm infections in dogs
Among the 140 blood samples, 19 (13.6 %) were positive for B. vogeli, 18 (12.9 %) for B. canis and 1 (0.7 %) for T. annae. No other piroplasm species was detected in blood samples. Twelve of the 19 B. vogeli positive dogs were detected with Babesia/Theileria nested-PCR. In comparison, the pathogen was detected in all positive dogs with B. vogeli specific PCR.
In Hérault and Haute-Garonne, both B. vogeli and B. canis infections occurred in dogs. In Haute-Pyrénées only B. canis infections were reported in dogs whereas in Gard and Drôme, B. vogeli was the only piroplasm species detected in dogs (except for one case of Theileria annae infection in Gard). Finally, in Corsica, none of the 36 dog blood samples analyzed was found to be infected with Babesia/Theileria species. Overall, the prevalence of B. vogeli infection in dogs was higher in Gard (24.5 %) than in Drôme (12.0 %) and Corsica (0.0 %) with a statistical significance (p < 0.002).
Piroplasms detection in R. sanguineus and D. reticulatus ticks
Results of piroplasms detection in ticks are presented in Table 5.
Table 5 Prevalence of piroplasm infections in R. sanguineus and D. reticulatus ticks
Among the 588 R. sanguineus ticks collected from dogs (N = 574) and the environment (N = 14 after removal of the ticks finally affiliated to the species R. pusillus) 57.3 % were females, 35.2 % were males and 7.5 % were nymphs. Among them, a representative set of 248 R. sanguineus ticks were selected for piroplasm screening as follows: 121 from Gard (63.6 % females, 32.2 % males and 4.1 % nymphs; 65 from Corsica (66.2 % females, 27.7 % males and 6.2 % nymphs); 56 from Drôme (66.1 % females, 26.8 % males and 7.1 % nymphs) and 6 from Haute-Garonne. From the 248 R. sanguineus specimens screened by PCR, 23 (9.3 %) were positive for B. vogeli alone, 1 (0.4 %) for B. canis alone and 3 (1.2 %) were doubly-infected with B. vogeli and B. canis. No other piroplasm species were detected in R. sanguineus ticks. Twenty of the 26 ticks infected with B. vogeli were females (76.9 %), 5 were males (19.2 %) and 1 was a nymph (3.8 %). From the 26 B. vogeli positive ticks, 16 were retrieved from Babesia/Theileria negative dogs, 5 from B. vogeli positive dogs and 3 from dogs whose infection status was not known as their blood was not sampled. The two remaining B. vogeli positive ticks were collected in Gard from the environment. All B. canis positive R. sanguineus ticks were retrieved from Babesia/Theileria negative dogs. Overall, the prevalence of B. vogeli infection in R. sanguineus ticks was higher in Gard (10.5 %) than in Drôme (5.4 %) and Corsica (4.6 %) with a statistical significance (p < 0.02).
Among the 33 D. reticulatus ticks collected from dogs, 31 (93.9 %) were screened by PCR for piroplasms detection and 3 (9.7 %) were positive to B. canis. Two of them were retrieved from B. canis positive dogs (one from Haute-Garonne and one from Hautes-Pyrénées) and 1 from a B. vogeli positive dog from Haute-Garonne. No other piroplasm species were detected in D. reticulatus ticks.
Sequence analysis of Babesia/Theileria positive samples
BLASTN analysis of 800-bp or 422-bp sequences obtained from B. vogeli positive blood and tick samples affiliated these sequences with 99 to 100 % identity to B. vogeli from France [GenBank: AY072925], USA [GenBank: AY371198], China [GenBank: HM590440], Venezuela [GenBank: DQ297390], Japan [GenBank: AB083374, AY077719], Romania [GenBank: HQ662635], Egypt [GenBank: AY371197] and Brazil [GenBank: AY371194-AY371196]. Similarly, BLAST analysis of B. canis sequences from positive dogs or R. sanguineus ticks affiliated these sequences with 99 to 100 % identity to B. canis from Croatia [GenBank: AY072926] and Romania [GenBank: HQ662634]. Finally, the sequence obtained from the blood sample which gave an RFLP profile similar to that of T. annae showed 99.8 % identity with 18S rRNA gene sequences of Babesia sp. 'Spanish dog' from Spain [GenBank: AF188001 and AY534602] and USA [GenBank: EU583387], as expected.
Seasonal distributions of infections
As sampling from dogs was done regularly in Gard, it was possible to follow R. sanguineus tick activity, through tick infestation in dogs, and canine babesiosis occurrences caused by B. vogeli throughout the survey period and relate them to meteorological records (Fig. 3). In 2010 and 2011, R. sanguineus ticks were mainly collected from dogs from March to June with a peak in infestation in April. Canine babesiosis cases, mainly caused by B. vogeli in this area, were recorded from March to July with a similar peak in observations in April. Interestingly, during the 29 months of the survey, first dog infestations with R. sanguineus were detected when the mean monthly temperature went above a threshold value of 10 °C in spring.
Details of tick collection, B. vogeli detection and meteorological records in Gard. Gard is an area recently supposed to be a hot spot of Babesia vogeli infection in southern France [15]. a Number of R. sanguineus, D. reticulatus and Ixodes ricinus collected each month from dogs and number of canine babesiosis cases caused by B. vogeli. b Number of R. sanguineus collected each month and mean monthly temperature and rainfall. Only ticks retrieved from dogs in veterinary clinics were included in the analysis to avoid potential bias due to the high number of ticks obtained during sampling campaigns in kennels or the environment
All B. canis infection cases reported in other areas in the study were recorded in winter or very early spring and when associated with tick infestations, only D. reticulatus was found.
Knowledge on epidemiology of canine babesiosis in southern France is scarce, in particular regarding piroplasm species circulating in dogs and tick species involved in their transmission. Moreover, an heterogenic distribution of canine babesiosis cases was previously reported in southern France [12–14] and remain unexplained. Recently we confirmed infection of 4 dogs and 8 R. sanguineus ticks with B. vogeli in Gard [15], a department from this region, which prompted us to continue and extend the survey to several locations. Thus, a total of 140 dog blood samples and 667 ticks were collected and screened by PCR for piroplasm detection and characterization. The original sampling method used in the study allowed making the link between pathogens detected in dogs and in ticks retrieved from dogs which is essential for accurate results interpretation.
From the 667 ticks collected either on dogs or from the environment in this area, 605 belonged to the R. sanguineus group from which 574 were retrieved from dogs confirming the high propensity of this tick species to parasitize dogs in this area. For ticks of the R. sanguineus group, because of the controversial taxonomic status of tick species in this group, it was decided to analyze selected specimens using molecular tools. Among the 64 ticks analyzed by sequencing, 47 were finally affiliated to "temperate" species of R. sanguineus (= southern lineage) [16–19], in particular all ticks retrieved from dogs, whereas 17 were affiliated to the species R. pusillus (all collected from the environment). R. sanguineus and R. pusillus ticks species obtained by flagging from the environment were all collected along watercourses susceptible to be frequented by dogs. New flagging campaigns should be performed in the future to confirm the possibility of exophilic development of R. sanguineus ticks in this area. On the other hand, collection of R. pusillus ticks, a species generally known to infest rabbits, may be attributed to the possible presence of such hosts in sampling locations.
Different and complementary methods can be used to evaluate the prevalence of piroplasm infection in dogs. Serology is useless as it lacks species specificity compared to molecular tools that are generally more sensitive and specific [2]. Several PCR-RFLP methods, using TaqI and HinfI or other restriction enzymes were previously developed to discriminate between species capable of infecting dogs, notably B. canis, B. gibsoni, B. rossi, B. vogeli and T. annae [23, 25, 26]. Molecular methods for piroplasm detection in ticks are less common. Here we modified a very sensitive nested-PCR strategy, previously developed for the detection of Babesia and Theileria in blood [22] to adapt it to the analysis of tick samples and to allow a specific detection of piroplasms that may infect dogs in Europe. Results clearly proved the accuracy of the modified PCR-RFLP method to detect and differentiate the seven piroplasm species tested both in dog blood and tick samples. The method was then used to screen dog blood and tick samples in combination with a B. vogeli specific PCR method that had previously proved its ability to detect the pathogen in ticks [15]. The higher number of B. vogeli samples detected by B. vogeli specific PCR compared to Babesia/Theileria nested-PCR showed the higher sensitivity of B. vogeli specific method for B. vogeli detection in bloods and ticks and support the interest of associating both PCR methods in the study. However, as the sensitivity of the methods was only tested on blood samples the possible impact of the samples (ticks vs blood) on the sensitivity of the methods remains unknown.
Overall, three piroplasm species, B. vogeli, B. canis, and T. annae were detected in dogs allowing confirmation of the circulation of both B. vogeli and B. canis in dogs in southern France. For Theileria annae, further studies will be needed to assess the prevalence of infection in dogs in this area since only one dog was found infected. No dog was found to be infected with B. gibsoni suggesting a low prevalence in France as previously suggested [1, 3]. Both B. vogeli and B. canis piroplasms were detected in R. sanguineus and D. reticulatus ticks collected from this area, B. vogeli and B. canis being the most prevalent species detected in R. sanguineus and D. reticulatus ticks respectively as expected. Surprisingly, four R. sanguineus were positive to B. canis infection. To date D. reticulatus ticks are the only confirmed vector of B. canis [5, 27] and it is assumed that each Babesia species is associated with a single tick vector in a delimited geographic area [28]. DNA of B. canis was previously found in R. sanguineus ticks in Italy and vertical transmission was suggested [29, 30]. The data presented here, in particular, the strong relation between geographical and temporal occurrence in dogs of B. vogeli and R. sanguineus on one hand and B. canis and D.reticulatus on the other hand, are highly suggestive of tick-pathogen specificity as generally accepted. However further study should be conducted to assess if B. canis infected R. sanguineus ticks are capable of transmitting the pathogen to dogs.
An heterogenic distribution of canine babesiosis cases was previously reported in southern France [12–14]. In the study, B. canis was the more frequently detected piroplasm species in dogs in Hérault, Haute-Garonne and Hautes-Pyrénées, 3 departments situated in the south-western part of France. In Gard, Drôme and Corsica, all situated in the south-eastern part of France, B. vogeli was the main piroplasm species detected in dogs except in Corsica where none of the 36 dog blood samples analyzed was found to be infected with Babesia/Theileria species. Although the number of blood samples obtained from western Mediterranean basin was limited, these results suggest that B.canis and B. vogeli could be the main etiological agent of canine babesiosis in south-western and south-eastern France respectively. Moreover, a significantly higher prevalence of B. vogeli infection was found in Gard compared to Corsica and Drôme regions, both in dogs (p < 0.002) and R. sanguineus ticks (p < 0.02). Thus, the study provide new data on epidemiology of canine babesiosis in southern France that can partly explain heterogenic distribution of canine babesiosis cases previously reported in this area. However, analysis of a higher number of cases should be conducted in the future to confirm the distribution of pathogens suggested by the study and confront them to biological and ecological characteristics of vectors. Further studies focusing on genetic and microbiota of R. sanguineus ticks should be conducted as well to explore other biological interactions that may explain the differences observed.
Six of the sampling locations were situated in the Gard department to enhance knowledge on risk of dogs infection by the protozoan B. vogeli that was recently evidenced in this area [15]. In Gard, B. vogeli was detected in 12/49 (24,5 %) of dog and in 20/121 (16.5 %) R. sanguineus ticks. Among the 20 B. vogeli positive ticks, two were non engorged ticks collected by flagging from the environment. These results are consistent with the hypothesized endemicity of B. vogeli infections in this area as previously suggested [15]. Interestingly, evidence of a relationship was found between the first infestations of dogs with R. sanguineus in spring and an increase in the mean monthly temperature above a threshold value of 10 °C during the 29 months of the study. Such study associating epidemiological and ecological observations should be continued in the future to assess if such a factor could be a useful indicator of R. sanguineus infestation and B. vogeli infection risk.
The survey conducted from 2010 to 2012 confirmed that both B. canis and B. vogeli piroplasms and their respective vectors D. reticulatus and R. sanguineus parasitize dogs in southern France with differences in distribution probably linked with vectors biotopes. In particular, B. vogeli seems to be the most prevalent piroplasm species in the south-eastern part of the country with a higher prevalence of infection found in the Gard area than in Drôme and Corsica. Better understanding of the spatial and temporal distribution of piroplasm species involved in canine babesiosis cases is needed to improve preventive measures and assess the efficacy of treatments and vaccines currently available in France. This implies a better understanding of ecology, genetic and microbiota of vectors to explore other biological interactions that may explain the differences observed.
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This work was financially supported by Merial (Lyon, France) and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France). We sincerely thank vets Christophe Hugnet, Jean Pierre Beaufils, Sarah Warnery, Bernard Fabrizy, Marie and Thierry Segalen for their help with fieldwork. We also thank Dr Frederic Beugnet (Merial, Lyon, France) for his contribution to tick identification and Prof. Theo Schetters (MSD Animal Health, Boxmeer, Netherlands), Prof. K. Pfister (Institute of Comparative Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, University of Munich, Germany) and Dr A. T. Camacho Garcia (Vigo, Spain) for providing Babesia and Theileria samples.
Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Jeune équipe Hémopathogènes vectorisés, Marcy l'Etoile, France
Magalie René-Martellet, Jeanne Chêne, Gilles Bourdoiseau & Luc Chabanne
Université de Lyon, Ecologie microbienne, UMR CNRS 5557, USC INRA 1364, VetAgro Sup, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
Claire Valiente Moro & Patrick Mavingui
Université de La Réunion, Unité Mixte de Recherche Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (UMR PIMIT), INSERM 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Saint-Denis, 97490, Ste Clotilde, La Réunion, France
Patrick Mavingui
INRA, UR 0346 Epidémiologie Animale, 63122, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
Magalie René-Martellet & Luc Chabanne
Magalie René-Martellet
Claire Valiente Moro
Jeanne Chêne
Gilles Bourdoiseau
Luc Chabanne
Correspondence to Magalie René-Martellet.
The authors declare that they have no competing interest.
MRM was involved in all steps of the study including sampling and data collection, laboratory work, data analysis, intellectual interpretation and writing of the manuscript. CVM, LC and PM designed and supervised the survey and were involved in data analysis, intellectual interpretation and critical revision of the manuscript. JC contributed to laboratory work, data analysis, intellectual interpretation and critical revision of the manuscript. GB supervised the study and was involved in intellectual interpretation and critical revision of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
René-Martellet, M., Moro, C.V., Chêne, J. et al. Update on epidemiology of canine babesiosis in Southern France. BMC Vet Res 11, 223 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0525-3
Accepted: 03 August 2015
Canine babesiosis
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
Dermacentor reticulatus
Babesia vogeli
Babesia canis
Molecular characterization
Epidemiology, public health and modelling


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The FRIENDS BOOKSTORE is closed and will reopen when the library renovation is complete.
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Did you realize that many products that claim to be "Natural" or "Organic" have been linked to serious health problems? With so little regulation, especially in the United States, many products that claim to be toxin free are simply do not meet the Clean Beauty standards nor are they good for our bodies. So how do you find a Clean Beauty, color safe conditioner confidently??
Certain chemicals, like sulfates, have been popularized in beauty products for decades and used only because they made the foamy shampoos and conditioners that we've been told work best. In reality the foam is unnecessary and mostly for marketing. The truth is that many of the most used chemicals have now been linked to health problems stretching from allergic reactions to more serious illnesses like cancer.
There hasn't been a regulatory law for the cosmetic industry passed in the U.S. since 1938! Additionally there are more than 1300 chemicals banned by the European Union for use in beauty products, while the U.S. has only 11 banned for personal use products.
Unfortunately due to this lack of regulation of harmful chemicals in the U.S., there are very few companies in the U.S. that produce 100% toxin-free beauty products. At Reform, we believe that our bodies deserve better. That's why we formulated our Clean beauty, color safe conditioner using the highest quality standards and only non-toxic ingredients.
When formulating the clean beauty, color safe conditioner our Reform R&D engineers were challenged with the task of developing salon quality performance, with the color safe properties that our stylist partners demanded without using any of the potentially harmful ingredients normally associated with building a color safe conditioner. After multiple reformulations and testing and retesting, they succeeded.
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Short Description We are currently seeking a passionate and dynamic individual with a strong knowledge of gymnastics for the role of Educational Gymnastics Coordinator. This person will lead a team of talented coaches and manage our Educational / Recreational gymnastics program across four campuses.
This role is perfect for someone with a passion for gymnastics and for helping children and young teens develop physically, mentally and personally. We are looking for an enthusiastic individual with great communication skills and a strong attention to detail that can create a positive and rewarding environment for all our children and staff.
This full time role encompasses 20 hours on the floor supervising staff and programs and 20 hours management/administration time each week.
To prioritise in every aspect of this role upholding WGC's strong commitment to promoting and protecting the interests and safety of children and maintaining WGC's zero tolerance for child abuse.
To oversee a quality broad based gymnastics program at the educational level for both boys and girls.
To ensure a safe and first-class gymnastics environment for gymnasts to enjoy learning technically correct gymnastics Skills.
To coordinate a team of qualified coaches to teach educational gymnastics.
To ensure participation and retention targets are achieved and maintained in all educational classes.
To personally uphold as well as ensure all staff under your care adhere to WGC's fundamental, coaching and customer service principles and values.
Waverley Gymnastics Centre is a well-established gymnastics club with a membership base of over 1800 members and an exceptional reputation that has been delivering high quality gymnastics services for over 25 years.
WGC is committed to promoting and protecting the interests and safety of children. WGC has a zero tolerance for child abuse.
We are very proud of our track record of hiring and supporting outstanding coaches, management and administrative staff.
We are delighted to have been awarded a 5-star rating by Gymnastics Australia and a child safe gymnastics club.
Please note applications will be reviewed as received and the position will be filled as soon as a suitable applicant is found.


text:
SUP 5
SUP 5.5 Duties of firms
R Rules
G Guidance
Contract with the skilled person
When a firm appoints a skilled person to provide a report under section 166 of the Act (Reports by skilled persons), the firm must, in a contract with the skilled person:
require and permit the skilled person during and after the course of his appointment:
to cooperate with the FSA in the discharge of its functions under the Act in relation to the firm; and
to communicate to the FSA information on, or his opinion on, matters of which he has, or had, become aware in his capacity as skilled person reporting on the firm in the following circumstances:
the skilled person reasonably believes that, as regards the firm concerned (A) there is or has been, or may be or may have been, a contravention of any relevant requirement that applies to the firm concerned; and (B) that the contravention may be of material significance to the FSA in determining whether to exercise, in relation to the firm concerned, any functions conferred on the FSA by or under any provision of the Act other than Part VI. (Official Listing); or
the skilled person reasonably believes that the information on, or his opinion on, those matters may be of material significance to the FSA in determining whether the firm concerned satisfies and will continue to satisfy the threshold conditions; or
the skilled person reasonably believes that firm is not, may not be or may cease to be a going concern;
require the skilled person to prepare a report, as notified to the firm by the FSA, within the time specified by the FSA; and
waive any duty of confidentiality owed by the skilled person to the firm which might limit the provision of information or opinion by that skilled person to the FSA in accordance with (1) or (2). (See also SUP 5.5.13 G and SUP 5.6)
In complying with the contractual duty in SUP 5.5.1 R (1) the FSA expects that a skilled person appointed under section 166 of the Act (Reports by skilled persons) will cooperate with the FSA by, amongst other things, providing information or documentation about the planning and progress of the report and its findings and conclusions, if requested to do so. A firm should therefore ensure that the contract it makes with the skilled person requires and permits the skilled person to provide the following to the FSA if requested to do so:
interim reports;
source data, documents and working papers;
copies of any draft reports given to the firm; and
specific information about the planning and progress of the work to be undertaken (which may include project plans, progress reports including percentage of work completed, details of time spent, costs to date, and details of any significant findings and conclusions).
If the FSA is considering asking for the information specified in SUP 5.5.2 G it will take into consideration the cost of the skilled person complying with the request, and the benefit that the FSA may derive from the information. For example, in most cases, the FSA will not need to request a skilled person to give it source data, documents and working papers. However, the FSA may do so when it reasonably believes that this information will be relevant to any investigation it may be conducting, or any action it may need to consider taking against the firm.
In complying with the contractual duty in SUP 5.5.1 R, the FSA expects that, in the case of substantial or complex reports, the skilled person will give a periodic update on progress and issues to allow for a re-focusing of the report if necessary. The channel of communication would normally be directly between the skilled person and the FSA. However, the FSA would also expect firms normally to be informed about the passage of information, and the skilled person would usually be expected to keep the firm informed of any communication between the skilled person and the FSA.
A firm must ensure that the contract required by SUP 5.5.1 R:
is governed by the laws of a part of the United Kingdom;
expressly
provides that the FSA has a right to enforce the provisions included in the contract under SUP 5.5.1 R and SUP 5.5.5 R (2);
provides that, in proceedings brought by the FSA for the enforcement of those provisions, the skilled person is not to have available by way of defence, set-off or counterclaim any matter that is not relevant to those provisions;
(if the contract includes an arbitration agreement) provides that the FSA is not, in exercising the right in (a), to be treated as a party to, or bound by, the arbitration agreement; and
provides that the provisions included in the contract under SUP 5.5.1 R and SUP 5.5.5 R (2) are irrevocable and may not be varied or rescinded without the FSA's consent; and
is not varied or rescinded in such a way as to extinguish or alter the provisions referred to in (2)(d).
The Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999, or Scots common law, enables the FSA to enforce the rights conferred on it under the contract against the skilled person.
If the FSA considers it appropriate, it may request the firm to give it a copy of the draft contract before it is made with the skilled person. The FSA will inform the firm of any matters that it considers require further clarification or discussion before the contract is finalised.
The FSA expects the firm, in complying with Principle 11, to give the FSA information about the cost of the skilled persons report. This may include both an initial estimate of the cost as well as the cost of the completed report. This information is required to help inform the FSA's decision making in the choice of regulatory tools. Information about the number and cost of reports by skilled persons will be published by the FSA.
Assisting the skilled person
A firm must provide all reasonable assistance to any skilled person appointed to provide a report under section 166 of the Act (Reports by skilled persons).
SUP 5.5.10G 01/11/2007 RP
In providing reasonable assistance under SUP 5.5.9 R, a firm should take reasonable steps to ensure that, when reasonably required by the skilled person, each of its appointed representatives or, where applicable, tied agents 1waives any duty of confidentiality and provides reasonable assistance as though SUP 5.5.1 R (3) and SUP 5.5.9 R applied directly to the appointed representative or tied agent1.
Reasonable assistance in SUP 5.5.9 R should include:
access at all reasonable business hours for the skilled person to the firm's accounting and other records in whatever form;
providing such information and explanations as the skilled person reasonably considers necessary or desirable for the performance of his duties; and
permitting a skilled person to obtain such information directly from the firm's auditor as he reasonably considers necessary or desirable for the proper performance of his duties.
Responsibility for delivery
In complying with Principle 11, a firm is expected to take reasonable steps to ensure that a skilled person delivers a report in accordance with the terms of his appointment.
Assistance to skilled persons from others
Section 166(5) of the Act (Authority's power to require information) imposes a duty on certain persons to give assistance to a skilled person. The persons on whom this duty is imposed are those who are providing, or have at any time provided, services to any person falling within SUP 5.2.1 G. They include suppliers under material outsourcing arrangements.


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Home / Explore / Books
The Life and Art of Mary Riter Hamilton
Reviewed by Joanna Dawson
— Posted September 14, 2018
Buy this book from Chapters-Indigo
No Man's Land: The Life and Art of Mary Riter Hamilton
by Kathryn A. Young and Sarah M. McKinnon
University of Manitoba Press, 304 pages, $27.95
Even before the armistice that ended the First World War was signed, thousands of visitors made their way to the battlefields of Europe. Many made the journey in tribute to lives lost in the conflict — a pilgrimage to the places where their loved ones spent their final days. Others felt a sense of urgency to tour the front lines and to document the impact and destruction of war.
In No Man's Land: The Life and Art of Mary Riter Hamilton, Kathryn A. Young and Sarah M. McKinnon provide a rich biography of one woman who was compelled to paint the battlefields in the immediate aftermath of the First World War.
Born in 1868 in Bruce County, Ontario, Hamilton was a Canadian artist who by the age of twenty-two had suffered her own personal tragedies with the death of her husband and a stillborn child. Without the domestic responsibilities that most women of this time faced, Hamilton was able to nurture her artistic talent, studying in European art schools, teaching, and hosting exhibitions both abroad and at home.
By 1918, Hamilton was an experienced artist and longed to return to Europe, where she had spent many years studying. She applied to the Canadian War Memorial Fund, only to have her request denied, as women were not allowed access to the front.
Undeterred, Hamilton eventually found support through the Amputation Club of British Columbia and received a commission to paint the battlefields of France and Belgium. For close to six years, she was one of few Canadian women to experience first-hand the destruction of the front lines — setting up her easel between shell holes and staying in abandoned huts on the battlefields.
As time passed, Hamilton struggled with her finances, keeping her friends back in Canada on standby to sell off her artwork as needed. Lacking proper food and housing, she went through periods of poor health.
Despite these challenges, she was determined to keep going. She wrote, "To have been able to preserve some memory of what this consecrated corner of the world looked like after the storm is a great privilege, and all the reward that an artist could hope for." From 1919 to 1922, Hamilton produced over three hundred pieces documenting First World War battlefields; she gave most of them to Canada's national archives in 1926.
Building on the work of their late colleague Angela Davis, Young and McKinnon have written a rich biography that is deserving tribute to Mary Riter Hamilton. Their research is thorough and uses a variety of sources — including Hamilton's artwork, official and personal correspondence, newspaper articles, and exhibit reviews and critiques — to piece together her life. The book includes colour prints of some of Hamilton's best-known work.
No Man's Land is a fascinating read and an important contribution to our understanding of war and commemoration, the professionalization of female artists, and, more broadly, the experiences of women in the early twentieth century.
This article originally appeared in the October-November 2018 issue of Canada's History.
Book Review: Thoroughly researched, though sometimes dryly expressed, a new biography by Hamilton-based writer James King paints a picture of a complex, often contradictory artist and man.
Salish Blankets
Book Review: Salish Blankets describes the extraordinary complexity of ceremonial blankets and robes and their connection with both the natural and supernatural worlds.
The Beaver Hall Group and Its Legacy
Book Review: The Beaver Hall Group's first art show in early 1921 was organized "to give the artist the assurance that he can paint what he feels, with utter disregard for what has hitherto been considered requisite to the acceptance of the work at the recognized art exhibitions in Canadian centres."
Emily Carr As I Knew Her
Book Review: Carol Pearson was seven years old when she began to take painting and clay modelling classes at "Miss Carr's" Victoria studio. The bond with her teacher was one of mutual passions: a love of animals, art, the oral and written word, and the land. In Emily Carr As I Knew Her, Pearson vividly depicts the art studio and classroom.
The Many Deaths of Tom Thomson
Book Review: The year 2017 marks the centenary of Tom Thomson's death. Interest in his iconic art has always been equalled by fascination with his rugged backwoods life and speculation about his mysterious death. In 2010, a Globe and Mail headline referred to him as "Canada's Van Gogh," with all the mesmerizing — and sometimes misleading — mythologizing that implies.
Related to Books
Invisible Immigrants
Book Review: The last great wave of English immigration to Canada took place from 1945 to the mid-1970s. Unlike immigrants from non-English-speaking countries, British immigrants didn't have to struggle to learn the language. Yet their British identity posed unique challenges, as the people interviewed for this book reveal.
Canadian Women and the Struggle for Equality
Book Review: Many intricate and illuminating cases are recounted in Lorna R. Marsden's book, Canadian Women & the Struggle for Equality. Using what she describes as a sociological approach, Marsden chronicles the women's movement since Confederation and examines the events, individuals, and institutions that enabled social change.
The Promise of Canada
Book Review: At the heart of this book are nine personalities who, in Gray's opinion, had an outsized impact on Canadian values and consciousness, though not all are at the top of our history who's who.
Book Review: More than eight thousand years ago, most of the land comprising the present-day province of Manitoba — and regions beyond — was covered by just one body of water: Lake Agassiz.


Arctic One successfully hosted the first ITU Paratriathlon World Cup event to be held in the UK on 28th May 2018, alongside its established Tri and Paratri Festival at Eton Dorney. We welcomed world class athletes from all over the world including the USA, Japan, South Africa and Australia, as well as a very strong GB contingent.
Gold medal winning performances were achieved by Commonwealth Champions, Joe Townsend and Jade Jones, and Paralympic champions, Andy Lewis and Martin Shultz (GER) also won their respective categories. It was a big day for some emerging athletes, including Britain's Hannah Moore who won PTS4 gold just a year after trying her first paratriathlon after receiving her first blade with support from Arctic One.
Family Run/push – under 8's are free but must be accompanied by a paying adult.


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Bosnia and Hercegovina
Admir Mulaosmanović
Institute of History in Sarajevo (Bosnia-Hercegovina)
Case Study: Bosnia and Hercegovina
mulaosman@gmail.com
Admir received his B.A. in History from the University of Srajevo and an M.A in studies of modern history from the University in Zagreb. Since September 2006 Admir has been working at the Institute of History in Sarajevo. For this project he will explore the migration patterns of the Bosniaks of the Bihaćka Krajina in the period 1971-2005 and the relation between local and national identities. The area where Admir will conduct his research has a very distinct local identity and stretches between Bihać, Cazin, Bosanska Krupa and Velika Kladuša. The main goal of Amdir's research will be to identify the elements that have constructed the identity of the population in this region.


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Home News Campus Delta Upsilon crowns 2015 Miss K-State
Delta Upsilon crowns 2015 Miss K-State
By Jamie Teixeira
Ashley Wilmoth, sophomore in accounting and member of Alpha Delta Pi was crowned Miss K-State 2015 in McCain Auditorium on April 23, 2015. (Vail Moshiri | The Collegian)
Music, laughter and shouts of excitement filled the air in McCain auditorium as 20 young women competed for the title of Miss K-State.
The contestants competed in four rounds, Wildcat Pride, talent, career and questions. After the first two rounds, there was a short intermission in which the Swingin' Spurs performed, and the top nine ladies were announced followed by a vote to save one girl from among four girls chosen by the judges.
After a tenth girl was selected to continue competing the ladies demonstrated their plans for future careers. Career choices ranged from chiropractor to becoming the voice of a Disney Princess.
Finally the contestants showed off evening wear and answered a question about their organization or experience at K-State. Questions ranged from "If you had to choose one person to be the face of K-State who would it be?" to "If you were to be remembered for one thing while at K-State what would you want that to be?".
At the conclusion of the evening Abby Alsop, sophomore in microbiology and Miss K-State 2014, handed down her crown to Miss K-State 2015, Ashley Wilmoth, sophomore in accounting.
"There is so much excitement, I just can't believe it," Wilmoth said. "This whole experience has been a blast, just getting to know the men of Delta Upsilon to all the girls."
Wilmoth said her favorite part about competing in the pageant was the talent portion. Wilmoth performed a clogging piece that was spiced up with modern steps.
"I haven't done clogging since high school," Wilmoth said. "It felt great to get back on stage. It felt as if nothing changed."
Other talents ranged from dancing to stand up comedy to rapping about calculus. Lauren Dunkak, senior in political science, although passionate about singing performed an upbeat swing dance routine. This was Dunkak's third year competing in the Miss K-State pageant.
"It's been such a great experience getting to know all these girls," Dunkak said. "Its also amazing that the money also goes to a great organization."
Another member very familiar with the events history is Russell Harp, senior in entrepreneurship and founder of the Miss K-State pageant.
"It's amazing to see how much it has grown in three years," Harp said. "It stared as an idea my sophomore year and has grown so much."
This year Harp left his behind-the-scenes role to other members of Delta Upsilon and took on the role as an Emcee for the night alongside Alsop.
"Abby and I had so much fun, but it was a lot different being on stage," Harp said. "The last two years i was backstage in the background. This year i let it go and handed over the responsibility to the other guys and they did such a great job."
As Harp took the stage, Michael Emley, senior in accounting and this years Delta Upsilon philanthropy chair, stepped up to man the helm behind the scenes. The Miss K-State pageant is one of Delta Upsilon's fundraisers for its international philanthropy, Global Service Initiative.
"The money goes to help supplying materials and tools for mission trips to Jamaica and urban areas in Washington D.C," Emley said. "We use the supplies to build schools and other buildings needed in these communities."
The event brings in a lot of money to support the Global Service Intuitive,
"The very first year we raised about $3,000 and last year we raised about $8,000," Emley said. "This year we've raised counted about $5,000, but we still have to add in ticket sales."
Not only does the event help support communities in other cities and countries, it also provides a sense of pride for in Manhattan, not to mention dozens of opportunities for the winner to connect with the community. Alsop was became an active member in the community through her title.
"It was definitely a lot more to it than I think I realized last year," Alsop said. "There were so many opportunities like participating Dancing with the K-State Stars and reading to children in the community."
Alsop hopes that the pageant continues to grow and incoporate more voices and girls from outside of the Greek community.
"I think sometimes we forget about those other important groups that make K-State a great place," Alsop said.
Stephen Janes, sophomore in construction science and management, attended the event to support his close friend, Whitney Dill, the contestant representing the Kansas State University Marching Band Color Guard.
"It's amazing the diversity in the group," Janes said. "There were organizations representing race, disabilities, Greek life, and other campus organizations."
Abby Alsop
Alpha Delta Pi
Miss K-State
Jamie Teixeira
My name is Jamie Teixeira and I am a senior English and journalism with a minor in Leadership. I am the president of Sigma Tau Delta International English Honor Society, a tutor at the K-State Writing Center,and a member of the K-State Tap Dance Ensemble. My future plans are to become an editor or publisher of children's literature. Outside of school I love to read and cuddle with my kitten, Bert.
Union Program Council representative crowned Miss K-State 2018
Feb. 4 Service Inspections: fraternities and sororities
Delta Upsilon chapter receives national Chapter of Distinction award
Aggie125: Celebration
Katie Howland - Sep 23, 2014