text:
The Indiana Academy of Science is a non-profit organization for the advancement of science.  It is based in Indiana and was founded in 1885.

The first meeting was held December 29, 1885 in the Marion County Courthouse, Indianapolis.  The Academy was officially incorporated December 21, 1887.  The Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science began with volume 1 in 1891, published in 1892 and containing the papers from 1885 through 1891; it has been published annually since then.

Presidents of the Academy
The Academy has had the following presidents:

References

External links
Official website
Archives of the Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science 1891-2002
Indiana Academy of Science collection, Rare Books and Manuscripts, Indiana State Library

Academies of sciences
Science and technology in Indiana
1885 establishments in Indiana
Scientific organizations established in 1885
Organizations based in Indiana


There's a new tree species in the forests of Sullivan County. Let's take a walk in the Lipfert Forest, where we'll learn about the Amur Cork Tree, Phellodendron amurense.
Originally from eastern Asia, this tree is now spreading throughout the eastern United States and poses a threat to North American forested ecosystems.
A highly useful plant in its native habitat, the Amur Cork tree is especially prized for its bright yellow inner bark, which serves as an important herb in traditional Chinese medicine.
With help from herbalist Jonah Ruh Roberts, NRCS Conservationist Wendy Ward, SCCD District Manager Lionel Chute, and landowner Bill Lipfert, we'll learn about identification, control, and possible utilization of this recent arrival to our forest. Join us as we cut down a tree and harvest its inner bark!
Site Directions: The gray 2-story farmhouse with attached red garage on the south side of Route 12A, about 1000 feet south of the Cornish Town Line marker. House is on the west (river) side of the road. Park south of the house, on the shoulder of the road. House is 2 miles north of the intersection of NH Route 12A and NH Routes 12/103 (traffic light).


text:
Q: Create a Fixed Width Button in CSS I have several buttons that have variable width and I would like them to all be a certain width. When I attempted to add width: 150px; it doesn't work.  How do I create these buttons that will all have a set width?
Here is a Fiddle and here is the code:
HTML

Lorem

Lorum Ipsum

Lorum Ipsum dolor

Lorum Ipsum dolor sit amet

CSS
.dark_button{
  border-top: 1px solid #969696;
  background: #000000;
  background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#545454), to(#000000));
  background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #545454, #000000);
  background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #545454, #000000);
  background: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #545454, #000000);
  background: -o-linear-gradient(top, #545454, #000000);
  padding: 5px 10px;
  -webkit-border-radius: 8px;
  -moz-border-radius: 8px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0,0,0,1) 0 1px 0;
  -moz-box-shadow: rgba(0,0,0,1) 0 1px 0;
  box-shadow: rgba(0,0,0,1) 0 1px 0;
  text-shadow: rgba(0,0,0,.4) 0 1px 0;
  color: #e3e3e3 !important;
  font-size: 14px;
  text-decoration: none;
  vertical-align: middle;
}
.dark_button:hover {
  border-top-color: #4f4f4f;
  background: #4f4f4f;
  color: #ccc;
  text-decoration:none;
}
.dark_button:active {
  border-top-color: #4a4a4a;
  background: #4a4a4a;
}

.150px-width{
 width: 150px;
}

A: CSS Class names cannot start with a number. You must use a letter, and the names are case-sensitive.
See: Which characters are valid in CSS class names/selectors?

A: The answer about the class name is correct, but only part of the solution.
You also need to enclose the anchor element (an inline element) inside a block element (like a div) and then assign the width to the block element. So you want the "structure" styling to apply to the div and the text styling to apply to the anchor.
This is your fiddle with a little refactoring applied.
http://jsfiddle.net/gZtdZ/

A: Couple issues:

*

*The a element is an inline element, meaning you cannot give it an explicit width.

*Classes cannot begin with a number.

You'll neeed to set your display property to something like block or inline-block to have it respect your wishes with regards to width. Additionally, use a classname like width-150px instead, which solves problem number 2 above.
Fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/yQu8H/5/

A: You can't begin class names with numbers. Maybe that's the problem.
Please check the Grammar

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
King of the World (film)
Countdown to Ecstasy
King of the World is a 1980 album by French disco act Sheila and B. Devotion. The album which was both written and produced by Bernard Edwards and Nile Rodgers of American R&B band Chic includes the hit "Spacer" which reached #18 on the UK charts in early 1980 and was a Top 10 hit in most of Europe, selling more than 5 million copies worldwide, and was twenty years later to be sampled by Swedish band Alcazar for their 2000 hit "Crying at the Discotheque" (#13 UK). The album displays some elements unusual in Chic productions, such as prominent guitar solos in place of the breakdowns that were normally a staple part of the Chic sound, and some unusual lyrical subject matter, such as the sci-fi themed "Spacer" and a humorous song about credit cards.
King of the World was one of four albums to be written and produced by Edwards and Rodgers in 1980, the other three being Sister Sledge's Love Somebody Today, Chic's fourth studio album Real People and Diana Ross' multiplatinum selling Diana.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/King_of_the_World
King of the World is an American television film which aired on January 10, 2000 on ABC. It chronicles the early stages of the career of heavyweight boxer Muhammad Ali (then known as Cassius Clay), who is portrayed by Terrence Howard. It is based upon a biography of the same name by David Remnick.
Terrence Howard - Cassius Clay
Steve Harris - Sonny Liston
Chi McBride - Drew Bundini Brown
Gary Dourdan - Malcolm X
John Ventimiglia - Angelo Dundee
Jamie "Showtime" Stafford - Young Cassius Clay
Having won the gold medal for boxing in the light heavyweight division at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Kentucky native Cassius Clay (Terrence Howard) challenges professional heavyweight boxing champion Sonny Liston (Steve Harris) for the title. The media is both intrigued and repulsed by his brash manner and what appears to be self-worship. Despite being a heavy underdog, the 22-year-old Clay shocks the sports world by defeating Liston by technical knockout in their February 1964 bout, becoming heavyweight champion and (metaphorically) "king of the world".
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/King_of_the_World_(film)
Countdown to Ecstasy is the second studio album by American rock group Steely Dan, released in July 1973 by ABC Records. It was recorded at Caribou Ranch in Nederland, Colorado, and The Village Recorder in West Los Angeles, California. After the departure of vocalist David Palmer, the group recorded the album with Donald Fagen singing lead on all the songs.
Although it was a critical success, the album failed to generate a hit single, and consequently charted at only number 35 on the Billboard 200. It was eventually certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), having shipped 500,000 copies in the United States. Well received upon its release, Countdown to Ecstasy received perfect scores from music critics in retrospective reviews.
After the departure of vocalist David Palmer, Steely Dan recorded Countdown to Ecstasy with Donald Fagen as the lead singer on all of the songs. The album was recorded at Caribou Ranch in Nederland and The Village Recorder in West Los Angeles, California.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/Countdown_to_Ecstasy
planetofthe.com
knowledgeofthefuture.org
KING OF THE WORLD, Jeff Black
KING OF THE WORLD, Dan Bern
KING OF THE WORLD, Jester
KING OF THE WORLD, Joe Jackson
KING OF THE WORLD, Alexthomasdavis
KING OF THE WORLD, Jason Robert Brown
KING OF THE WORLD, Blackhawk
KING OF THE WORLD, Hollowick
KING OF THE WORLD, Point Of Grace
KING OF THE WORLD, Virtual Alien
KING OF THE WORLD, Bob Schneider
KING OF THE WORLD, Porcelain Black
KING OF THE WORLD, Angelfish
KING OF THE WORLD, Steely Dan
KING OF THE WORLD, Songs For A New World Soundtrack
KING OF THE WORLD, Kim Wilde
KING OF THE WORLD, All Boro Kings
High on a hill
The valley below me
The blue sky above me
My dream was so real
I could not hear
The hum of the highway
Or the drums of the foundry
Pounding out steel
I didn't need no money
I didn't need no time
I didn't need nothing
But my own piece of mind
And to know that
A voice like a whisper
Is bound to be heard
For just one moment
I'm the king of the world
So I close my eyes
I let the power defeat me
Because the real world can't free me
From this dirty old town
Where the four winds blow
I send my troubles rolling
Since the world just kept turning
I let it go round
See I took it all in
Like time takes forever
In a dream that you never
Believed would come true
Then I gave it away
I just had to surrender
Man I just can't remember
When I felt so good
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
New Earth Columns
Media Announcements/Resources
Certificate of Congratulations
Obituary Announcement
Press Release from April 8, 2013
Pope Francis appoints Msgr. John Thomas Folda as Bishop of Fargo
Pope Francis appointed Monsignor John Thomas Folda as bishop of the Catholic Diocese of Fargo, which serves more than 71,000 Catholics and 132 parishes and missions in the eastern half of North Dakota. The Holy See made the announcement April 8, 2013, at noon in Rome, 5 a.m. Fargo time.
Bishop Folda is the eighth Bishop of Fargo. He succeeds Bishop Samuel Aquila, who was named Archbishop of Denver on May 29, 2012. Bishop David Kagan, Bishop of Bismarck, has served as Apostolic Administrator of the Diocese of Fargo since Archbishop Aquila was installed in Denver on July 18, 2012.
A priest of the Diocese of Lincoln, Neb., Bishop Folda most recently served as Rector of St. Gregory the Great Seminary in Seward, Neb.
Bishops who previously served the Diocese of Fargo include: Bishop John Shanley, 1889-1909; Bishop James O'Reilly, 1910-1934; Bishop Aloisius J. Muench, 1935-1959; Bishop Leo F. Dworschak, 1960-1970; Bishop Justin A. Driscoll, 1970-1984; Bishop James S. Sullivan, 1985-2002; and Bishop Samuel J. Aquila, 2002-2012. Read the April 8 press release about the appointment of Bishop Folda (PDF).
Information on the Appointment
Radio Broadcasts
Audio: Real Presence Radio interview with Bishop Folda, followed by the press conference
Video: April 8 press conference at the Diocese of Fargo Pastoral Center (YouTube video)
Video: Real Presence Radio interview with Bishop Folda (YouTube video)
About the Diocese of Lincoln
Biography of Bishop John Thomas Folda (PDF)
Archbishop Aquila's statement about Bishop Folda (PDF)
Bishop Conley's statement about Bishop Folda (PDF)
How bishops are appointed (link to United States Conference of Catholic Bishops website)
For News Media Use
Download High Resolution
Photo credit: Haney's Photography,
Moorhead, MN Download High Resolution
Moorhead, MN


text:
Campaign - 12m 58s ago
House - 1h 8m ago
International - 1h 12m ago
Sanders blaming spending bill delay on corporate lobbying
by Caroline Vakil - 10/13/21 2:41 PM ET
Julia Nikhinson
Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) on Wednesday said that efforts to finalize and vote on a roughly $3.5 trillion dollar Democratic spending bill is being delayed because of corporate lobbying.
In a new op-ed published on Fox News, Sanders blamed the delay on the "human infrastructure" bill on lobbying efforts from the pharmaceutical industry, private health insurance companies and the fossil fuel industry.
"As part of our corrupt, big-money dominated political system, the pharmaceutical industry is now spending hundreds of millions of dollars on lobbying, campaign contributions and television ads to defeat this legislation because it does not want Medicare to negotiate for lower prescription drug prices," Sanders alleged in the op-ed.
He further claimed that pharmaceuticals had hired close to 1,500 lobbyists, including former leaders from the Republican and Democratic parties, "to protect their interests."
Sanders also wrote that private health insurance companies were "spending tens of millions of dollars to defeat this bill because they do not want Congress to expand Medicare to provide dental, hearing, and vision benefits and they apparently do not want seniors to receive the quality care they need in their own homes."
The longtime senator further added that the fossil fuel industry was launching a campaign against the Democratic spending bill because "it seems to be more concerned about protecting their short-term profits than addressing the existential threat of climate change."
Sanders's comments come as Democrats are trying to resolve an impasse on both the bipartisan infrastructure bill and their much larger, $3.5 trillion reconciliation bill. Progressives are eager to pass the reconciliation bill alongside bipartisan legislation, and among the Democratic spending package's features, it would include expanding Medicare to cover hearing, dental and vision, provisions for universal pre-K and making community colleges tuition-free, and clean energy initiatives.
However, several moderates — chiefly Sens. Joe Manchin (D-W.Va.) and Kyrsten Sinema (D-Ariz.) — have said that they do not support the overall price tag. Earlier this month, Manchin said he could support a figure between $1.9 trillion to $2.2 trillion.
That led Democrats to rethink how to adjust funding on programs included in the Democratic package and also derailed attempts at putting the bipartisan bill, which already passed the Senate, to a vote in the House — much to the frustration of Sinema and several other moderates.
Though the reconciliation package can bypass a Republican filibuster with just 50 votes and a tie-breaker from Vice President Harris, Sanders said that whether Democrats can pass their larger spending bill "comes down to Democratic unity."
"Will all Democrats stand together to protect the interests of the elderly, the children, the sick and the poor? Will all Democrats stand together to take on the greed of the pharmaceutical industry, the health insurance companies, the fossil fuel industry, and wealthy campaign contributors?" Sanders wrote. "I certainly hope so."
Tags Bernie Sanders Bernie Sanders Infrastructure Joe Manchin Joe Manchin Kyrsten Sinema Kyrsten Sinema reconciliation bill
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text:
Car Show Classic: 1968 AMC Ambassador – Roy Drove His Ambassador to the Post Office One Rainy Day
Jason Shafer
(first posted 10/30/2013. Author's Note: Going to car shows in many areas brings the same worn out, ear-splitting songs nearly every time. So I've re-written a few songs you likely would not hear at any carshow.)
No one looked as I drove by,
Just a little nod would have been just fine,
I slowed again, just for them,
They all scoffed that I ran.
– Sort of Stevie Nicks
This terrific old Ambassador was being so thoroughly ignored at the monthly car show here in June. Surrounded by a plethora of F-bodies and jacked-up 4×4's, it was as out of place as a ukulele player at a flutists convention.
While any Ambassador in water heater white isn't the most exciting car imaginable, one shouldn't judge a book by its sour cream colored shell. The Ambassador played such a critical and overlooked role in AMC history. Before anyone gets distracted with that absurdly tall F-150 in the picture below, let's take a walk around The 'Bass.
Well, I was born a white 'Bassador,
In a factory in old Kenosha
We were poor, but we had love
That's the one thing Dick Teague made sure of
He designed cars to make a poor man's dollar
-Quasi Loretta Lynn
George Romney had stressed quality of materials, solid construction, economy, and the unique features of the Rambler brand. With improvements such as the introduction of dual circuit master cylinders in 1962, American Motors had come a long way in a short time. The work of Romney and American Motors culminated in sales climbing steadily from 1957 to a peak in 1963. Rambler was on a roll while Romney and Company had worked hard for American Motors to become associated with economical, compact cars.
Upon Romney's departure to run for governor of Michigan in 1962, Roy Abernethy was named as his replacement.
Roy Abernethy had grown up in the car business, starting at Packard and later becoming vice president of sales at Willys. His philosophy was vastly divergent from Romney's.
Yearning to shed American Motors of its economy car image, Abernethy's strategy was to have a full-on assault on the Big 3 by meeting them model for model. His thought process, however mistaken, was that correct and effective marketing would make American Motors much more competitive with the Big 3. Never mind that AMC had struggled to produce multiple platforms in the same factory; never mind that his ambitions to have the '67 model Ambassador and Rebel made over would cost $60 million with a comparable cost in quality loss.
Perhaps Abernathy's philosophy could be better described as terminally misguided. Having caviar tastes on a SPAM budget will invariably create issues.
AMC hit bottom (that time) in 1967. Fiscal year sales were down nearly 54,000 units; maybe that doesn't sound like a lot for General Motors, but when your sales total was only 346,000 to begin with, that's a hit (as a point of reference, Ford sold just a few more Mustang coupes that year). Mixed into that number were sales of the new for 1967 Ambassador.
There was a fair amount of surprise within the market by the Abernethy driven redesign of a platform that was only two years old. He had instructed Dick Teague and company to create a larger Ambassador for 1967. Teague delivered with a very attractive result, but it was to no avail. Even with the 3,745 Ambassador's sold to the U.S. Postal Service, Ambassador sales were still down nearly 9,000 units from 1966.
The year of 1967 would leave AMC with a loss of $75.8 million, or just under $322 per car. Likely hearing the music playing just before the train wreck, the board at AMC rewarded Abernethy by terminating him early in the 1967 model year. He was replaced by Bill Luneburg, a Ford veteran.
You know honey, The 'Bass is a bad mother
(Shut your mouth)
But I'm talking 'bout The 'Bass
(Then we can dig it!)
-Somewhat Isaac Hayes
As one of their moves to better their corporate fortunes in 1968, AMC hired the advertising firm of Wells, Rich, Greene, Inc. to create a fresh ad campaign for the model year.
If you are going to reinvigorate your advertising campaign, aim big. Working with its connection to Kelvinator, the 1968 AMC Ambassador earned the distinction of being the first American car to offer air conditioning as standard equipment. While a small number of Ambassador's may have been built without air conditioning, it was a delete option for those up north or those watching their dollars. AMC had outfoxed the competition, proving their willingness to take a risk.
AMC was also one of the first American car companies to break the old gentleman's agreement of not making direct comparisons to competitors. Yet anyone who seriously thinks an AMC is competing with a Rolls Royce was simply not acclimated to reality. Perhaps this advertising did pay off as AMC realized a 13% increase in Ambassador sales plus a profit for 1968 – they just did not pay any dividends to their stockholders.
1968 also marked the beginning of what could be considered a hallmark of AMC products forever after – the flush mounted door handles.
I roll it to the east and I roll it to the west
and I roll it with the woman that I love the best
I be rollin'
– Vaguely Clarence Carter, Clarence Carter, Clarence Carter
For 1968, the Ambassador came in three trim levels with the DPL (what does that stand for?) in the middle and the SST at the top. From what I can tell, the example you have before you is one of the 8,788 four-doors produced in the base trim level. Don't think that's bad; with a 343 cid V8 pulling around just under 3,200 pounds, this isn't the six-cylinder Rambler your grandmother drove.
This little darling was being offered up for sale. While I sometimes fear I could easily become the automotive version of the person who wants to take home every stray puppy, this Ambassador was a true delight to behold. A car this age that has always been garaged and has only rolled up 67,000 miles is always an attention getter, plus you know it has a lot of life left.
An Ambassador like this is the type of car you buy to drive. You are aware that it might get a scratch or a dent, but it simply isn't fodder for a museum. An AMC like this is a car you can put the kids in and not have convulsions if they spill their ice cream. This is the car you buy, love, use, and fix as needed. Plus, you just keep driving it the entire time.
Isn't that what it was made for?
83LeBaron
Posted October 30, 2013 at 4:27 AM
Notice the fine quality seat covers. My uncle had talked for years about AMC and their reclining front seats. In 1967, he went and bought an Ambassador because of the reclining front seats (while paying full sticker for the privilege). I remember looking at those seat covers and thinking that they looked worse than the aftermarket seat covers on my dad's car. I was not alone, I heard other people make the same comment.
On the plus side, this car had WeatherEye and ShiftCommand that mere mortal cars from the Big 3 did NOT have. Cool!
When I was growing up, every once in awhile the kid next door would get a visit from his Grandpa Bob. Grandpa Bob was the kind of grandpa who would sit on the porch and chew tobacco. And the kind of grandpa who would, if asked, give an 8 year old kid a pinch of chewing tobacco then sit and laugh while watching said 8 year old try to spit the taste out of his mouth.
Anyway, Grandpa Bob had a pale turquoise 67 Ambassador sedan, much like this one. This is why these cars always remind me of someone's blue-collar grandpa.
This car came out several years too early. I have always thought that this car would have done well in 1973-74 and again after 1979. Unfortunately, the only years that it was attractive was from 1967-69 when nobody wanted a luxurious mid-size car. When there was some demand for such an animal, AMC had hopelessly uglified it, and then the pulled the plug on the Ambassador altogether after 1974, right about the time that smaller cars with higher trim levels started to sell. This car could have been AMC's Valiant if only they had left it alone and gotten the quality back to where it should have been.
I like this car.
Geeber
Funny that you mention this car as being driven by someone's "blue-collar grandpa." My great uncle – my paternal grandfather's favorite brother – had this car, but with a red interior, bought brand-new in 1968.
When I saw this article, my first thought was, "That's Uncle Herbert's car!".
Uncle Herbert owned several Ramblers and AMCs. The AMC dealer in town was also a prominent member of our church, which may have influenced his choice. This Ambassador replaced a 1963 Rambler Classic, and was replaced by a 1974 AMC Hornet sedan.
BigOldChryslers
Even if I didn't know how this story would end, I could've guessed failure right from that line.
What kind of car show was this?! All I see are pickups and late model cars, yet off in the distance there are trucks towing empty flatbed trailers, suggesting there were a few cars that their owners thought worth trailering to the show. It almost looks like the Ambassador owner parked in the wrong section.
He parked in the very wrong section. Sometime ago I had a capsule on a '36 Dodge; it was also at this show. I have a few other worthy cars from here in addition.
The show here is split between good stuff and "what the hell?" stuff.
VanillaDude
Roy Abernethy didn't seem to like Ramblers, and after getting his start at Packard, probably hated hanging with the Big Three executives in their Cadillacs, Lincolns and Imperials. While Romney went to bed at 9:00 pm, Roy knew how a real auto executive should behave. While Romney was pleased with profits and sensible cars full of families puttering to church every Sunday, Roy was probably embarrassed by the Rambler image.
Abernethy knew the shell game played by automakers. You sell the same shell in different colors, but different prices, and pull in the easy money. You get on the radio and television to tell rubes that their lives will be better if they bought on of your shells. Roy believed in marketing, and marketing exists to find ways to convince people to do things they didn't think about doing your way. If you believe in marketing to solve your problems, you are not being honest with anyone, just hoping your targets never really look under those shells you sold them.
Romney didn't play that game. He really liked people. He really lived the life of a Mormon Boy Scout. He believed that if you give people extra value, the product you are selling will sell and that business honesty will build your business into a successful one. Romney did believe in Ramblers. He did believe in making a car for every family.
Roy Abernethy didn't.
I was about to write about the salesman running the company, but you said it much better than I would've. A Romney-led AMC focused on well-built Ramblers would have prospered in the seventies.
The Dart and Valiant were the Ramblers of the '70s.
Dr Lemming
Romney reportedly supported Abernethy as his successor because he thought the main thing AMC needed was a strong effort to sell the new-generation Ramblers coming out in 1963-64.
A lot of historians really dump on Abernethy, arguing that he almost killed AMC. Yet his successor, Roy Chapin, tends to get a free pass. Why?
Consider the 1969 Ambassador. It's wheelbase was extended to 122 inches so AMC could brag that it was the longest of any full-sized car. This resulted in similar exterior dimensions to the Nash's of yore, but the cowl stretch did not translate into greater interior room than a mid-sized Rebel. Yet a full-sized price was charged. Not a terribly compelling value proposition, which helps explain why sales never rose above mediocre.
When Chapin took over in 1967 he plausibly could have changed course — but did not. And again in 1974 Chapin kept the Ambassador in the full-sized field when its platform came up for a redesign.
As JP notes, it's ironic that AMC was one of the original pioneers of the luxury mid-sized car yet was AWOL when that market really took off in the early-to mid-70s.
Yes, the stretched wheelbase Amby was a joke, harkening back to a time when that kind of long-nose front end was a prestige thing. But on a mid-sized four-door sedan? Doh! That looked so clueless.
chas108
"Going to car shows in many areas brings the same worn out, ear-splitting songs nearly every time. So I've re-written a few songs you likely would not hear at any carshow…"
I DJ an annual charity car event a couple miles from home…
For over a decade, I've TRIED…T-R-I-E-D!!!!!!! to stretch the parameters of acceptable music for a car event/show. I (and the organizer) have even received compliments over our car show's music mix. In fact, every year I'd go over the music with the organizer, so we both knew what to expect…what I was doing was no surprise to him.
But it seems the majority of the participants want to live in 1963…even the British Invasion is off limits. I can Motown them to death and the more Beach Boys and Jan & Dean, the better…but stay away from The Beatles or Stones and don't play "Light My Fire"…it's too long! Oh and those SCREAMING guitars!
This year I gave up the fight and remembering the show is a fundraiser for our local park, took on an attitude of ministry and service. Most fun show I'd had in years…but even though people compliment our music and how "it doesn't sound the same as other shows", it's really, mostly, the same car show music played everywhere.
Maybe it's the radio-style audio processing I use to give a more pleasant, less shrill experience.
Whatever it is, I hope it doesn't kill the hobby…personally, I'd love to see an old car event where they play Linkin Park…Avril Lavigne…or for something REALLY out of left field, mix in some current Country!
Hmmn, must be a regional thing. Out where I live, car show music is classic rock, lots of Southern Rock, and any county that sounds like its been produced in the same studio as 'Skinard. Plus the usual '50's – hell, just run the "American Graffiti" soundtrack.
Beach Boys? Jan and Dean? I don't think most of the attendees ever head of California rock and pop. I don't think most of the attendees cotton to California, period.
Dave B
Funny, but country seems to be much closer to mainstream then it used to be, and you'd think it would sell to a car crowd. We are Midwest city dwellers, and my high school and younger kids are heavy into country.
Sometimes the beer, booze, babes, booty, trucks, tits and tractors are a bit much, but there are some very good songs in the mix. My wife and I went to a Darius Rucker concert and really enjoyed it. She took my daughters to Keith Urban / Little Big Town a week or so ago and they had a great time.
Going to car shows in many areas brings the same worn out, ear-splitting songs nearly every time.
Explains why I don't go to car shows, and started shooting cars that I found curbside. I'd rather go hiking on the weekends in the quiet woods 🙂
I agree fully with that sentiment; I've often pondered the wisdom of attending for a variety of reasons.
Posted October 30, 2013 at 10:06 AM
I go to gatherings occasionally, for about 10 minutes. Then I realize, I'd rather be driving, and I'm gone.
Posted October 30, 2013 at 12:50 PM
+3 I concur with the above three statements. : )
I'm kinda with you and kinda not on the music. Some stuff like Motown is definitely overplayed at cruise nights. Beach Boys is not, although I am a Beach Boys fan so I wouldn't complain if they got more airtime. Same with the British groups.
Some music from Big Sugar and the Tragically Hip would fit the atmosphere IMO. I think one could even slip a bit of grunge into the mix. You start playing stuff like Avril Lavigne and country though and, if I was attending, there would soon be one less car at the cruise night.
You start playing stuff like Avril Lavigne and country though and, if I was attending, there would soon be one less car at the cruise night.
Make that two.
I would much rather not have music. It's not just that I'm bored silly with classic rock (although I am) — car shows are noisy enough with jillions of people milling around. The only strong argument I could make for having an "official" soundtrack is to discourage competing portable stereos so you don't also end up with warring classic rock and norteño.
DPL was the abbreviation used on Diplomatic license plates. Not sure of what states, but I think it may have been New York and Maryland, and I'd seen pictures of those plates both around the UN and various embassies in DC. As to AMC's use of the abbreviation, it's about what was left for their brougham attempt after Ford got LTD, and Plymouth claimed VIP. The penalty of doing your version last.
As to the standard (delete option) air conditioning: Back when he was in the car business, the group my father hated to sell to most of all were school teachers. Back in the pre-union days, teaching was an incredibly honored but poor-paying profession. And their reputation was to be parsimonious as all get out. And, as a group, they were known for long negotiations to grind down the price of a car by a couple of bucks. I could always tell when dad came home from a "teacher day".
A couple years after dad left the business, I had a prof at my one summer in the University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown who had a '68 Ambassador. With the air conditioning deleted. And an under dash aftermarket unit installed. At the time, I got curious as to why somebody would go to all that work, dropped by the local AMC dealer to look at a few window stickers, then researched the ads of a couple of local firms who installed air conditioners.
This deletion meant the dash vents were gone, which meant a slightly different dash (they didn't do the Chevy Astro Ventilation bit where you got a couple of A/C like vents even if you didn't get air conditioning), and, of course, all the under-hood stuff was gone.
The savings was . . . . . . . . . believe it or not . . . . . . . . $12.00 and maybe a few cents change. Thus making me a firm believer in my father's attitude towards school teachers.
Potentially penny wise and pound foolish on several levels. My dad bought a used '68 Impala in '69 and added aftermarket air from Montgomery Ward. It worked but wasn't the greatest. The under dash unit hogged center floor space (which as a family of five with the usual assortment of friends we occasionally needed).
It also sat low, and was a bit hard to send air to the back, and had to get around the center front's head somehow. Factory air seemed to be a bit of a prestige item at the time, you lost that effect, and probably some resale value in the process.
I believe that the typical factory air car was usually equipped with a heavier duty alternator and cooling system, so aftermarket air was a bit of a compromise.
A teacher probably made $3 to $4 dollars an hour in 1968. A professor probably made a fair deal more. For the price of a nice dinner out for two, he could have had factory air.
Finally, if the prof really wanted to save money, he should have moved down market to a mid size car such as a low trim Fairlane or Chevelle. He could have had similar interior space, factory air, and been out the door at a lower final price.
Funny how many professionals, not just teachers, think they are experts outside their field!
If the car had AMC's WeatherEye, there would have been no problems 🙂
Kevin Shope
Posted August 7, 2018 at 12:59 PM
I was told DPL stands for "deluxe product line"
I think Syke was right about DPL. SST in the late sixties meant supersonic transport, like the Concorde. A hilarious thing to call an AMC Ambassador.
An Ambassador of this era was my wife's first car. She knew it was a white AMC Ambassador, but she's had trouble recalling if it was a '65-'66 car, or '67-'69 car.
Her dad bought it new, and eventually it was behind an uncle's barn until it was resurrected in the early '80s so my wife could drive it in high school.
I always thought the '65-'66 car was sharp in a "Sensible Spectacular" way. But the '67-'69 car just seems a bit dowdy. An acceptable blend of '60s styling themes that had been done by Pontiac, Ford, Mercury, Plymouth and Cadillac for several years. But, just not as nice as any of them, and kind of late in the game with the majors pumping out a lot of big updates in their mid size and full size lines '68, '69, and '70. .
Wow! Someone who can understand and decipher Stevie Nick's vocals and lyrics?!?
http://www.songlyrics.com
I needed it as all I could remember of Clarence Carter was not exactly meshing with what I was trying to accomplish here….
Posted November 3, 2013 at 12:49 PM
much as i love that song , i had no idea those were the words.
They aren't; I rewrote them.
Johnny Alamo
The 1967-8 American Motors Ambassador 880, 990 or Diplomat Cross Country wagons were the best family cars of the sixties. The v-8 engines had plenty enough power for the loaded weight of the car and for the freeways of the era. My Dad bought the 990 wagon in deep dark blue, with handsome woodgrain exterior panels and a classy interior trim. The separate wide and comfortable semi-bucket front seats were among the first to fully recline. Dad let me use it for high school dating before I bought my own car. It was stylish from the outside and inside, it was quiet and comfortable, and oh those seats that reclined with the flip of a lever and a little lean-back push on the unsuspecting girl… oh the mammories! And for those of even more questionable character, it was a one minute job to disconnect the speedo and odo cable under the dash, and just as fast to connect back at the end of the evening, so next morning the odometer showed my hundred mile ride to hell and gone as a short five mile trip to the movie. If I could find and buy one today in great condition, I would long to install a few safety upgrades and make it my daily driver: highway cruiser, package mover, and long-distance vacation vehicle. But going deep into the past has a price, since many of the cars from the last 15 years are head and shoulders above the 60s in quality, comfort, safety, reliability, and long term service especially in engine and drivetrain.
The interior shot gives me a flashback to my grandfather's Ambassador which was metallic green, and slightly grimy due to living on the street in Brooklyn. I don't remember much since it was downsized to a Hornet by 72-73 although I do remember the "Weather Eye" on the HVAC controls and the dash vents. Interestingly, by 1970, his brother in law had bought a stripper Mercedes 250 (1968) and my father had a used Mercedes 250S(1966) which replaced our 1964 Valiant as we gradually shifted to imports.
The old Valiant was also a standout for having factory AC, as did most of the family cars going forward. The exceptions were the 4 cylinder second cars, which didn't get AC until the 80s and automatics until the 90s.
Gem Whitman
Nice car,but so were the opposition,that front end looks very Moparish.Quite a few Ambassadors were sold in RHD in the UK in the 60s,they were one of the few car manufacturers to make RHD models for the UK.A couple of years before Ford made a big deal of the Galaxy being quieter than a Rolls Royce in their advert.
Would AMC have survived if they hadn't slugged it out with the big boys?Hard to say,in hindsight it was a wrong decision which signed their own death warrant but at the time seemed a good idea.Some great cars came about because of it,the AMX,Javelin & Rebel Machine being AMC's finest hour
> Nice car,but so were the opposition,that front end looks very Moparish.
Funny, I would've said it looks like a Plymouth Satellite with the front clip of a Ford Galaxie.
My mistake,I knew there was a Mopar in it somewhere,those stacked headlights reminded me of the Plymouth Fury I used to get a lift in
It's the eternal dilemma for a small marque: You don't have the resources to go head to head with the big players, but if you find a profitable niche, the big players may smell money and end up shutting you out of it. That's why a lot of successful smaller automakers are luxury or sports car manufacturers, which are segments in which you can get away with charging enough to be profitable on volumes that the major automakers generally consider too small to be worthwhile.
Carving out a sustainable niche in a mainstream, value-oriented segment is tough for smaller manufacturers and ends up being as dependent on your competitors being shortsighted or clueless as on anything you actually do. (For instance, I think a major reason Chrysler remained the dominant player in the U.S. minivan/MPV market for so long was that pretty much all their competitors spent a decade trying to pass off cargo vans and tall station wagons as minivans rather than simply following the Chrysler formula.)
KiwiBryce
Mate o mine has a 67 SST its mint but was RHD converted new next time I visit I will get some good shots for you guys.
As a pre-teen in the early 70s, I remember seeing numerous AMC models at the time.
I don't know if it was me, but I found so many looked either stodgy or frumpy.
I was a young boy, but whether it was the Hornets, Matadors or Gremlins… I found they looked 'different' in a misfit way. Perhaps it was because they were fairly rare compared to Big Three models, and had odd styling quirks. The Canadian military base where I grew up had all black Hornets as their Military Police cars, and they definitely looked odd to me in that role. I was 8 years old, and I knew they were trying to save money with these cars. Haha I never saw Javelins or Ambassadors. The first AMC product that I can remember looking very clean and modern were the Sportabout station wagons.
The Pacers seemed quirky too, even when new.
AMCs just looked diiferent, but NOT modern to my very young eyes.
The Military Police Hornets looked exactly like these.
Except, they were all black. But with very similar light bars.
I wouldn't be shocked if they had 6 cylinder engines.
silverkris
AMC's – weren't they nicknamed "Kenosha Cadillacs?"
Romney's approach wasn't too different than Bob McNamara's at Ford – stressed no-nonsense cars that were unpretentious.
fortee9er
When I was in high school, in the later part of the sixties AMC cars were not cool. It was like they didn't exist. They did not project the right image for a teenager. None of my friends owned a car we had to depend on our parents allowing us to use the family car on Friday nights. One of us would get lucky and secure a car but we hated it when the only person to get a car was my friend Steve. You see Steve's mom had a '63 Rambler American. What is that saying "you can sell a young man's car to an old man but you can't sell an old man's car to a young man".
Hornet Guy
Actually, the punch line is that you can't sell an old man's car to anyone.
What a nice example of a mainstream model, and at a car show even.
This one looks to be in nice, though unrestored shape, good enough to keep nice, and just drive it as a daily driver.
As to the car show music, I'm with you there, if they insist on only Jan and Dean, the Rip Chords, and the Beach Boys or Mowtown or the like, white nice, it gets old, rather quickly IMO.
So to keep it fresh, I'd expand beyond the car/surf music of the early 60's and add stuff from the British Invasion era, and post British era with Psychodelia, summer of love, on into Disco and the 70's, at the very least which would include Southern Rock, California Rock (Mamas and the Papas, Spanky and our Gang, the Doobie Brother, early Fleetwood Mac to name a few). You get the idea.
I'd also add in there the Sir Douglas Quintet doing She's About a Mover, ? and the Mysterians' 96 Tears and such as well.
How about no music at all? There's no way to make everyone happy, so why annoy some?
The guy that organizes both of the local cruise nights that are most convenient for me to attend is also the DJ. He puts in a lot of effort, mostly all by himself, and I wouldn't want to discourage him.
DougD
+1 on no music at all. Maybe hand out headphones to those who must have doo-wop with their cars?
Same deal at the Hamilton Airshow. I went a couple of years ago and the PA played all sorts of cheesy music and talking, talking, talking.
Our family paid >$100 to get in and hear Merlin V-12's, not cheese and blather.
Two words: Live band
Less repetition, more variety, way more crowd appreciation(even if they don't care for the music, a concert always generates excitement) and best of all there's breaks between sets. Plus musicians play music, which pretty much means no chance of pop, rap, or techno irritating anyone 🙂
It's hip to be square.
Is it just me, or did the wipers on AMC's bigger cars seem rather small for the windshield?
Roland Paulsen
The reason grandpa raved about the seats in his Ambassador is that American Motors and Cadillac were the only two American automakers still using coil springs in their seats. The upholstery and door panels in the white Ambassador pictured here are obviously the bottom-of-the-barrel police/taxi/government fleet model level. For a peek at some of the most luxurious interiors available at the time, often the best in class, you need to find some old American Motors sales brochures. AMC offered some of the most beautifully appointed cars on the road, but "offered" and "sold" are two different things. The Ambassador was the first American car to offer air conditioning as standard equipment, and that was the first item many customers deleted. AMC's traditionally frugal customers were prone to skipping right over the "extra-cost-options" portion of the order form and going straight to the "delete-option" section to save a few bucks. Many of the dealers were equally stingy when ordering stock for the showroom. Anybody could order a 1967 Rebel SST or Marlin with a 343 V8, with four-on-the-floor or console-mounted automatic, and bucket seats, but almost nobody did. Most of them were equipped with the bulletproof, but unexciting, six with 3-on-the-tree or column mounted automatic. Finding a "nicely equipped" Rebel, Marlin or Ambassador is nearly impossible today, but that's no surprise because it was nearly impossible when they were being built. People who aren't AMC fans are always incredulous when they stumble on one and see what was available. Oh, by the way, "DPL" stood for "Diplomat". At various times throughout its history Nash/Rambler/AMC also used the "Statesman" and "Premier" names, keeping with same theme as "Ambassador."
Bruce Clarkson
Hey, just wanted to say that I liked your article,
I drive an Apollo yellow 67 AMC Ambassador with a 343 as a weekend and trip car. It's still a wonderful ride!
Posted June 6, 2016 at 9:58 AM
I have a really nice 68 SST 4 door, white with black vinyl top… it too is largely ignored and semi-invisible! I still love her tho
Craig W.
Your '68 Ambassador is beautiful. It looks like a high end model for sure, and I like the color combination. Tasteful. My dad gave me his '67 Ambassador four door sedan in '69 while I was going to college. It was blue with the black vinyl top and the blue brocade interior and had the 343 V8. I liked it a lot, but, in '71, after graduating, traded it in on a new VW Bug. Like so many cars I have owned over the years, I wish I still had the '67 Ambassador tucked away somewhere to get out occasionally.
Posted June 22, 2016 at 1:04 PM
I had a '67 like that with the 304 V8 and 3 speed stick with overdrive… Boy would that car really go… was a 4 door and had vacuum wipers too… never missed a beat. Had three of the 1967 right hand drive Post Office Ambassadors too… one of which I purchased direct from the GSA when the Post Office was selling them off in 1972, with only 2,700 miles on it!! Had a 232 6 with Borg Warner automatic, with heater. Had radio delete, and electric wipers on it. Drove that one for several years, until it broke the shift cable and I could not find another one.
Paul Mittermaier
Maybe a 290? The 304 didn't arrive until 1970.
Moparlee
Posted December 12, 2019 at 6:43 AM
I can't quite pin it down, but the grille on this Ambassador looks to have drawn influence from Pontiac, in the crossbar across the grille, but without the middle divider. Cross brand design influence was pretty commonplace, I guess more than we realized at the time, but this Ambassador did a nice job of being a pretty car.
I love it when I see cars from a bygone era still displaying their dealer sticker. I wonder how a car this age has only been driven 67,000 miles. It's either going to be a fantastic bargain, or a restoration in waiting.
As for music at car shows, the demographic (ie. baby boomers) who make up the majority of attendees at these, has a preference for music types, not including sock hop crap from the 50s. I'm for playing a variety as you may find on classic rock and current easy listening music stations today, if they must play anything. Or, just nothing at all. As an aside, I hate going to certain brick and mortar stores where I'm trying to figure out what I need (I'm looking at you Home Depot), and they are pumping whatever music that I hate over the speakers, loudly enough to be very distracting. I have found myself walking out without what I came for, out of frustration.
Besides the white El Camino in the background, there is nothing else in the photos that even interest me. I love AMC/Ramblers, and this one is a gorgeous example of an everyday life automobile. It certainly would have got my attention had I been there.
The Ambassador used to be a real step up from Rambler. However, Romney decided that when he axed the Nash and the Hudson, it was just a temporary thing to launch a stronger and more focused AMC. So he permitted a Rambler Rebel to get a stretched hood and keep the Nash Ambassador name. That was a dishonest thing to do for a Mormon Boy Scout like Romney. Yet he kept doing it every year until he left.
AMC never followed up with returning the Ambassador to its real identity. It kept on stretching the hood and offering extra gimmicks. Anyone in the market in 1966 knew this about the Ambassador – the fake luxury car that was really just a Rambler. What Abernathy needed to do was launch a real larger car or shuffle the models so that the Ambassador had a dedicated body. Instead he kept up the gimmick Romney started.
So, the chink in the armor of the Mormon Boy Scout became a larger flaw for the company as AMC tried to legitimize the Ambassador using Rambler parts. Sales didn't expand even after AMC sunk tens of millions into the Ambassador.
It wasn't just because Americans knew what a Rambler was – it was also because Americans knew what an Ambassador was. It wasn't a Galaxie 500 LTD, or a Chevy Caprice. It wasn't a Plymouth Fury III VIP or a Chrysler New Yorker. It was a Rambler, dammit. No extra letters at the end of the Ambassador name changed that.
What AMC needed to do is focus on what it did best – build great compact cars. They needed a real upgrade for the American and the Classic – not turn them into something they weren't. Romney might have had a weak moment keeping the Ambassador around after 1957, but I don't believe he would have sunk $70 million into an Ambassador. He would have sunk that in a new compact and intermediate.
Abernathy was no Iacocca, but then AMC was not Ford. AMC didn't have a full size Galaxie to turn into an LTD or a Mercury Monterrey. Iacocca could find new profits in an LTD because he already had a legit big car. Abernathy didn't and he ended up losing AMC millions because Abernathy thought he could turn a Rambler into an Oldsmobile without actually making an Oldsmobile.
This is a good car. Sad to see it hawked as something it wasn't.
Posted December 12, 2019 at 10:59 AM
I agree. Most folks went with the Big Three however, and you're right – a Rambler is a Rambler is a Rambler. Had they stuck to their knitting and stayed with compacts and the like, they might have done better.
The initial motivation to field an Ambassador for 1958 was a simple one: to offer a somewhat larger car that loyal long-term Nash and Hudson customers could be enticed into, keep them in the fold. Of course, it was produced the same way Nash had created the Ambassador for years, as an extended front end and eight cylinder version of their bread-'n-butter sixes. It was intended as plus business, an adjunct to the volume Rambler. Given their still precarious financial condition in 1956-'57, that was all that was possible.
Did it have a future in the 1958-'61 configuration? No, That method of creating an upscale car had become passe, but Abernethy reach for the only approach he was familiar with for his 1965 version. It didn't find the great acceptance hoped for, but given the tepid Rambler Classic, Rebel and AMC Matador volumes in subsequent years, the Abernethy/Chapin Ambassador returned plus business that was badly needed.
Part of the problem was that the post-1964 Ambassadors appeared to be stealing sales from one model – the Classic/Rebel/Matador. I'm therefore not so sure that the sales earned by the Ambassador represented "plus business" to AMC.
Sales of what should have been AMC's bread-and-butter cars were on a downward trajectory during the late 1960s and early 1970s.
Quite true, the Ambassador may well have diverted sales from Classic/Rebel/Matador. Those three had lost much of the value family economy car credibility that was the underpinnings of the earlier Classic success. Whether Ambassador diverted or not, it still kept the sales within AMC. Its volumes may well have been as strong as they were in the late 1960's as prior Classic buyers now found themselves in better financial circumstances, readily willing and able to enjoy a little more 'luxury' from the car company they still preferred.
An example of this was seen in my school years, where the guidance counselor and his junior high school teacher wife progressed from six cylinder Classics to a 1969 Ambassador very unlike their earlier modest Ramblers. It was more his choice, she referred to the long dark blue Ambassador as "the gold-plated monstrosity!"
PantherFan1971
I agree with you about the music at the car shows. It's the same homogenized crapola you hear on the so-called "classic rock" stations. A never ending loop of Kansas, Pink Floyd, and Bob Seger.
Now about this car–I have a soft spot for these early Ambassadors. I saw one very similar to the subject car in Huntington Beach, California back in 2010, during an ill-conceived month long stay there. (Too expensive for working class people.) They are attractive and unique in their somewhat unattractiveness. The 343 and 401 V8's were pretty solid. I did not know they offered A/C as standard. That would have been really something in that era, when it seemed that feature was an option on almost every American car, save for Cadillac and Lincoln.
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text:
What is 'Sustainability'?
This morning, Sue MacGregor talks to the founders of the Centre for Alternative Technology, in the Reunion on Radio 4.
This was 40 years ago. Is it relevant to today?
The Centre for Alternative Technology
Sue MacGregor reunites the pioneers behind The Centre for Alternative Technology (CAT), the radical community that launched the Green Movement in Britain from a disused slate quarry in Machynlleth, Wales.
Led by an entrepreneurial aristocrat turned environmentalist, a group of self-declared 'Crazy Idealists' arrived at 'The Quarry' in 1973 with an urgent mission. The limits to growth and resources had been forecast, the nuclear threat was real, and fundamentally new ways of living had to be found that were more self-sufficient, locally-focused, and alternative to the assumptions of modern industrial society.
From humble beginnings as a tiny commune sidelined by the scientific establishment, CAT went on to build some of Britain's first ever electricity generating windmills and the largest solar roof in Europe. They attracted the patronage of the royal family, the suspicions and support of their local Welsh neighbours, and the interest of tens of thousands of visitors. Forty years on, the alternatives that CAT pioneered are becoming mainstream, and the Centre's work is more relevant than ever.
Joining Sue MacGregor are: Mark Matthews, the Centre's first director; architect Roderick James, who designed the first complex of buildings; Bob Todd, the Centre's pioneering technical expert; Liz Todd, Bob's wife and an early volunteer, who raised her young family on the site; and Des Rees, the Welsh builder who unexpectedly found himself immersed in The Quarry's unique way of life.
First broadcast: Sunday 28 April 2013
BBC Radio 4 - The Reunion, The Centre for Alternative Technology
Centre for Alternative Technology Home Page
Centre or Alternative Technology - Peter Harper from dobraidea on Vimeo.
Centre for Alternative Technology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Alternative technology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Labels: alternative technology, development, energy, environment, sustainability
Cycling: Sustrans
District Council signs up to Sustainable Communiti...
Cycling: Torbay and Plymouth
Cycling: Bristol & Bath Railway Path
Cycling: Bristol
Cycling: national policy outlined
Plans for Port Royal: 1830s
Plans for Port Royal: who owns what: Drill Hall
Plans for Port Royal: the benefits of a marina
Plans for Port Royal: who owns what
Plans for Port Royal: Sidmouth Lifeboat
Plans for Port Royal: Sidmouth Sailing Club
Plans for Port Royal: Sidmouth Trawlers
Plans for Port Royal: Arboretum
Plans for Port Royal: VGS 2010
Plans for Port Royal: alternative ideas
Plans for Port Royal: Drill Hall alternatives
Plans for Port Royal: waterborne transport and a j...
Plans for Port Royal: Jurassic Tower
Plans for Port Royal: VGS and PRSG
Plans for Port Royal: mixed development
Plans for Port Royal: marina
Plans for Port Royal: Drill Hall... to meet Mon 17...
Port Royal future: 'Let's get the community on boa...


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These elements form the foundation of successful plans and development projects, enabling clients to move to implementation.


Ariana Grande is all about rings and things on the aptly titled "7 Rings," which is the third single from her upcoming album, Thank U, Next — her fifth studio LP. The track is said to be based on a real-life event — according to reports, Ari bought engagement rings for herself and six of her closest friends after her breakup with Pete Davidson. The song was written that very day and even references that shopping trip.
The first two verses are sung to the tune of "Favorite Things" from Sound of Music, with Ariana singing about overcoming her tribulations with the help of retail therapy. She revels in materialism and brings her girls along for the ride.
Sonically, the song is very nü Beyoncé, especially on the third verse, which sounds like it could be something from Lemonade or Beyoncé. The video is trap-meets-Harajuku, with Ariana and a gaggle of girls partying in Japanese-inspired gear at a house that appears to be modeled after 2 Chainz's famed trap house — complete with the pink finishing and black graffiti on the walls.
Overall, the song is no "Thank U, Next," but it's definitely something you can nod your head to. Check it out below.


text:
Grace Church
Teaching pastor Harvey Turner, 30, can put young people on the spot with his powerful sermons.
Grace Church, 1220 Robb Drive, 747-9000. Regular services are held Saturday 6 p.m.; Sunday 8:30 a.m., 10 a.m. and 11:30 a.m. Living Stones Worship Gatherings are Friday 7:15 p.m., Sunday 5 p.m. and 7:15 p.m.
You know the story where the 10 blind men describe the elephant? One, feeling the trunk, describes it as a snake. Another, feeling the leg, describes the elephant as a tree.
That's how I feel when I go to one spiritual get-together and write about that single experience: I'm a blind man describing one part of an organism. Have faith, though. I've been doing experiential journalism for a while now, and I know, over the coming months, Filet of Soul will grow into a useful database, in which the individual ideas may be shallow, but the overall picture will be an ever-deepening portrait of Reno's spiritual life. Just think of it as one blind man getting hundreds of opportunities to describe the elephant.
Donald Zimmerman was the first brave soul to call and invite me to his church. He's the lead guy with the band Anchordown and also a leader within the Living Stones ministry. Living Stones is the young-adult arm of Grace Church.
I made it to the Living Stones service for the Sunday 7 p.m. gathering. Even as I approached the front door, I was surprised by the number of people between the ages of 20 and 35. The feeling grew as I entered the main hallway, where the vibe was similar to a rock concert with young people milling around, greeting each other with hugs and handshakes. There were cookies for sale, a bookstore and a coffee stand.
I was greeted by Harvey Turner, teaching pastor. He introduced me to Zimmerman. Everyone I met introduced me to at least one other person—although I don't think that was by design.
The church is a maze with lots of side rooms for small-group discussions and prayer rooms. Doors to the main room opened promptly at 7:15. That room is large and oblong with a high, black ceiling. There are three large, community-oriented posters on either side of the room on creamy yellow walls. The seating is comfortable, straight-backed chairs, and there are some tables. The front of the room is dominated by a band stage with three screens, flanked on either side by a trio of hanging, stylized crucifixes. The back had a raised platform for a video camera.
Zimmerman and band were on the stage. Rockin'. Music plays a huge part in the service of this nondenominational, evangelical church. People throughout were moving appreciatively, not like a mosh pit, but there were people in the front who moved their feet. The atmosphere was electric. The lyrics flashed on the screen. The room was packed; they kept bringing in more chairs for the overflow participants.
The service began with community announcements, enumerating things like the "Now" project, which will create an even larger assembly room for services, among other things.
Most of the scripture came from Luke, beginning at Chapter 14:15, which is mainly the parable where Jesus told people to invite the poor and the crippled to their parties rather than their rich friends (who could return the favor).
After introducing his new daughter, Pastor Turner took off on the Luke riff in his sermon. He's a powerful speaker, who's well-adjusted for ministering to young adults. He uses words familiar to the MTV audience to really bring home the meaning of what he was saying. While it wasn't hellfire and brimstone, he had a serious message to pass along: God doesn't come in second to career, family or life itself. God demands complete surrender and is not satisfied by churchgoers who don't live the Christian life outside the church as exemplified by Jesus.
Want to take Brian to church? Call 324-4440 ext. 3525.
Are you experienced?
Dharma Zephyr Sangha.
St. Thomas Aquinas offers large helpings of tradition, ritual and Catholic constancy.


text:
Lee Ki-hyung (* 28. September 1974 in Hwasun, Jeollanam-do) ist ein ehemaliger südkoreanischer Fußballspieler und heutiger -trainer. Den Großteil seiner Karriere verbrachte er in Südkorea, zuletzt spielte er beim Auckland City FC in Neuseeland. Als Trainer war er von 2011 bis 2014 in verschiedenen Positionen beim FC Seoul aktiv. Von 2016 bis zu seiner Entlassung 2018 war er Trainer von Incheon United gewesen. Zuletzt stand er als Interimstrainer bei Busan IPark FC unter Vertrag.

Karriere als Spieler

Vereine
Lee Ki-hyung studierte von 1992 bis 1995 an der Korea University und spielte in dieser Zeit für die Universitätsmannschaft. Danach wurde er von den Suwon Samsung Bluewings verpflichtet. Mit den Bluewings gewann er 2002 den Korean FA Cup. Nach sechs Jahren und über 150 Liga-Einsätzen sowie 18 Toren verließ er den Verein und wechselte zu Seongnam FC, damals noch Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma FC. Dort bekam er einen Zweijahresvertrag. In der Zeit absolvierte er dort 65 Spiele und erzielte fünf Tore. 2005 wechselte er zum FC Seoul. In den zwei Jahren, die er dort war, kam er allerdings bei 17 Einsätzen (kein Tore) nie über die Reservistenrolle hinaus. 2007 verließ er Südkorea und ging nach Neuseeland zum Auckland City FC. Dort unterschrieb er einen Dreijahresvertrag. Dort kam er auf 39 Einsätze und fünf Tore. Ende 2010 beendete er seine Karriere als Spieler.

Nationalmannschaft
Schon 1990, zwei Jahre vor der Universitätszeit, wurde er in die U-17-Nationalmannschaft berufen. Für diese machte er ein Spiel. In seiner Universitätszeit wurde er für die U-20 und in die U-23-Nationalmannschaft nominiert. Ab 1994 spielte er für die A-Nationalmannschaft. 2003 beendete er nach 47 Einsätzen und sechs Toren seine Laufbahn in der Nationalmannschaft.

Karriere als Trainer
Nach seiner Zeit in Neuseeland ging er wieder nach Südkorea. Dort wurde er 2011 vom FC Seoul unter Vertrag genommen. Er hatte dort unterschiedliche Funktionen inne. So war er 2011 Co-Trainer und ab Juli 2011 zweiter Co-Trainer der 1. Mannschaft. 2013 wurde er für ein Jahr wieder Co-Trainer. Ende 2014 wechselte er zu Incheon United. Dort war er bis September 2016 Co-Trainer. Nachdem der Verein Kim Do-hoon als Trainer entließ, entschied man Lee Ki-hyung zum Interimstrainer zu machen. Er sollte bis Saisonende Interimstrainer bleiben. Seine Aufgabe war es, den Abstieg zu verhindern. Unter ihm stabilisierte sich die Mannschaft in den Abstiegsrunden und gewann drei der fünf Spiele. Die anderen beiden  Spiele spielte der Verein Unentschieden. Am letzten Spieltag konnte sein Team durch einen 1:0-Sieg über den Suwon FC den Klassenerhalt schaffen. Der Verein gab danach bekannt, ihn als Trainer aufgrund seiner Leistung als Trainer für die nächste Saison beibehalten zu wollen.

Weblinks
 Spielerprofil auf der offiziellen Webpräsenz der K League Classic (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Fußballnationalspieler (Südkorea)
Fußballspieler (FC Seoul)
Fußballspieler (Suwon Samsung Bluewings)
Fußballspieler (Seongnam FC)
Fußballspieler (Auckland City FC)
Fußballtrainer (Incheon United)
Fußballtrainer (Busan IPark)
Südkoreaner
Geboren 1974
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Fancy working in a fast-paced, exciting team? Escondido could be a great place for you to learn or build upon skills, we are expanding and always looking for cool people who want to work hard and have fun! If you're interested in a position please send your details and C.V. to eat@escondido.co.uk. If there are no positions advertised, send in a CV anyway, if we like the look of you we might try and fit you in.
Chef required, please contact us. Experience necessary.
Bar staff needed, please contact us. Experience necessary.
Waiting staff needed, please contact us. Experience necessary.


District councillor David Cox, responsible for StreetScene, said: "While I understand the needs of owners to exercise their dogs, I believe it is totally inappropriate they should be permitted in an area where children and young people play.
"Sadly, not every dog owner is responsible and picks up after their pet."
Under the new rules, dogs are banned from Exmouth's Phear Park skate park and BMX areas, and also Withycombe Raleigh football field.
Dogs are also banned from Goosefield in Exton, Back Lane playing field, in Newton Poppleford, Woodbury recreation ground, at Orchard Close, and, annually, from May 1 until September 30, Woodbury cricket field.
Under the new rules, dogs must be kept on leads in Exmouth in the grounds of The Pavilion, Manor Gardens, The Strand Gardens, Carter Avenue playing field and Warren View playing fields.


text:
Harmful Algae Blooms and Naturalake Biosciences' Probiotics
Jun 12, 2020 | Harmful Algal Blooms, Uncategorized
HABs and Probiotics Study
by Michael Frett, Deboarah Lee, and Dan Mckeaton of Naturalake Biosciences Laboratories
A study monitering the effectiveness of using Naturalake Biosciences' Probiotic products MuckBiotics and MD Pellets to reduce sediment in water bodies in order to impede the growth of HABs.
Naturalake Biosciences has extensively studied the effects of internal nutrient accumulation within the soft sediment and water column of a water body. In particular, we have primarily focused on the subsequent formation of cyanobacterial algae blooms in water bodies with high levels of accumulated nutrients. Since 2017, Naturalake Biosciences has conducted multiple studies using a pond mesocosm setup within our laboratory as well as in waterbodies experiencing consistent cyanobacterial algae blooms. Specifically, we have included data from a treatment program that was completed in conjunction with lake professionals and Pond Watch Program volunteers from a five-acre pond in the Lee County Hyacinth Control District in Southern Florida that has experienced consistent Microcystis blooms.
Treatment programs within the laboratory and the field focused on the application of MuckBiotics or MD Pellets in order to reduce soft sediment depth, decrease sediment nutrients, and reduce the frequency and intensity of algal blooms. Overall, it appears that our treatment programs within the laboratory and the field have proven to be successful in reducing the prevalence of algae, particularly cyanobacterial algal blooms, through nutrient limitation and sediment reduction.
I. Cyanobacterial HABs
Rising temperatures, nutrient enrichment, and the accelerated eutrophication of water bodies has led to an increase of algal bloom occurrence and intensity. A recent 2019 study on 71 lakes has found that algae bloom intensity has increased in 68% of lakes studied (Ho, 2019). Harmful algae blooms consisting of cyanobacteria have also followed this pattern of increased occurrence and intensity, where sediment core analysis has shown a significant increase in cyanobacteria proliferation in lakes since 1945 (Taranu et al., 2015). Cyanobacteria, which are often referred to as blue-green algae, are photosynthetic bacteria that have the ability to form extensive blooms and produce toxins under certain environmental conditions. Some examples of abundant cyanobacteria and their subsequent toxins are Microcystis (Microcystins), Aphanizomenon (Saxitoxins), and Anabaena (Anatoxin-a) (Huisman et al., 2018).
Rising global temperatures, CO2 concentrations, and elevated nutrient levels in waterways have been attributed as the predominant factors for increased levels of cyanobacterial blooms (Huisman et al., 2018). Regarding nutrient enrichment, nitrogen and phosphorous are the primary drivers for the eutrophication of water bodies as well as the formation of cyanobacterial blooms and cyanotoxins (Paerl et al., 2011; Orihel et al., 2013). Although it is up for debate whether nitrogen or phosphorus is a limiting nutrient for cyanobacteria growth, it appears that both nitrogen and phosphorous can be limiting nutrients under various environmental conditions when different types of cyanobacteria are present (Paerl et al., 2011). Because of this, dual nutrient management appears to be the necessary approach when considering cyanobacteria. Nutrient enrichment can be caused from a variety of external and internal sources. Runoff, nutrient loading from upstream, and waterfowl can all bring fluxes of external nutrients into a water body. Internally, nutrients can be cycled between the sediment and water column, effectively retaining nutrients locally within a water body (Cheng et al., 2016). The continued presence of locally accumulated nutrients within a water body system has led to reoccurring blooms in predictable locations (Randall et al., 2019).
Harmful algae blooms can negatively impact the recreational and municipal use of water bodies. The primary concern of harmful algae blooms is the subsequent release of toxins into the water body. The timing and quantity of toxin molecules released during a bloom is largely unpredictable, but cyanobacterial toxins can cause liver, digestive, and neurological diseases when coming in contact with humans, birds, and mammals (Huisman et al., 2018). Additionally, cyanobacterial blooms can cause water quality issues such as increased turbidity, abhorrent taste and odor, oxygen depletion from microbial degradation of cyanobacteria, and subsequent fish kills (Huisman et al., 2018). Annually, negative effects from harmful algae blooms cost the United States over 4 billion dollars (USD) (Ho, 2019). These economic impacts are caused by effects on aquatic food production, recreation and tourism, and on drinking water supplies (Ho, 2019).
II. Naturalake's Approach to Cyanobacterial HABs
Here at Naturalake Biosciences, we have extensively studied the effects of internal nutrient accumulation within the soft sediment of a water body. Although the formation of cyanobacterial algae blooms is multicausal, it appears that the sediment has a large influence on the growth and development of cyanobacterial algae blooms (Kitchens et al., 2018). Specifically, the sediment layer can act as a reservoir pool for the buildup of phosphorous and nitrogen that can become bioavailable to certain cyanobacteria through the release of soluble nutrients into the water column as well as uptake directly from the sediment. (Hou et al., 2013; Randall et al., 2019; Cottingham et al., 2015). This internal supply of nutrients can consistently fuel the growth cycle of cyanobacteria. For example, cyanobacteria such as Microcystis can inhabit the sediment layer, where overwintering populations within the sediment exhibit high survivability and can possibly internally seed the formation of a cyanobacterial surface bloom when optimal growing conditions are present (Kitchens et al., 2018; Reynolds et al., 1981). Interestingly, toxin producing strains of sedimentary Microcystis were observed to have a higher propensity for recruitment into the water column, possibly leading to higher toxin release during internally seeded blooms (Kitchens et al., 2018). The vertical migration of benthic cyanobacteria into the water column is made possible through sediment disturbances and the ability to control buoyancy with gas vesicles. Buoyancy control provides various cyanobacteria a competitive advantage in comparison to green algae and submerged aquatic plants, as light penetration into the water column is largely limited during cyanobacterial surface blooms (Reynolds et al., 1987). Overall, the inter-connectedness between the sediment and the water column appears to be a driving factor in cyanobacterial bloom development.
In many eutrophic water bodies, a buildup of soft sediment has increased the capacity for accumulating and retaining nutrients internally within a water body. The overaccumulation of nutrients within the sediment can cause a flux of internal nutrient cycling between the water column and sediment layer (Randall et al., 2019). For example, reservoir pools of phosphorous within the sediment have been associated with an increased release of phosphorus into the water column and subsequent growth of cyanobacteria (Randall et al., 2019). The tendency for phosphorous to recycle locally within a freshwater system between the water column and sediment fosters the growth of legacy algal blooms occurring in predictable locations where sedimentary nutrient levels have remained consistently high (Randall et al., 2019). Phosphorous release into the water column can be caused by interactions between the water and sediment as well as various changes in environmental conditions such as DO, pH, and temperature (Hou et al., 2013). The story does not stop at nitrogen and phosphorous; as the internal buildup of carbon and other organic rich matter within the soft sediment of freshwater bodies can also help aid in the growth and proliferation of cyanobacteria.
There are various ways to combat the growth of harmful cyanobacteria such as internal and external nutrient management, dredging, artificial mixing or aerating, and chemical control (Huisman et al., 2018). Naturalake Bioscience's primary approach is a proactive nutrient management plan that focuses on the sediments within a water body in order to combat the development of harmful algae blooms. Naturalake's goal is to reduce the nutrient pool of a pond using our probiotic bacterial products MD Pellets or MuckBiotics®. Although these products are not algaecides, reducing the internal nutrient pool should help induce competition and limit the levels of nutrients available for cyanobacterial growth and bloom development. Specifically, MD Pellets and MuckBiotics were designed to reduce soft sediment depth, reduce soft sediment nutrient content, and thus reduce nutrient release into the water column. These reductions should help limit the ability for cyanobacteria to overwinter within the sediment layer as well as limit the overall internal nutrient reservoir within a water body. Through this proactive nutrient management plan, Naturalake's goal is to help foster a healthier sedimentary layer and reduce the frequency and intensity of future harmful algae blooms
III. Naturalake's Approach to Cyanobacterial HAB Research
MuckBiotics and MD Pellets have been tested extensively in the field as well as the Naturalake laboratory for reducing sediment depth, decreasing sediment nutrients, and reducing the frequency and intensity of algal blooms. Within the Naturalake laboratory, a pond mesocosm was set up using 15 gallon fish tanks filled with soft sediment and water from a local pond. These model ponds were treated with MuckBiotics for a period of 12 weeks, with weekly measurements for water quality and soft sediment depth being taken throughout the testing period. Soft sediment nutrients and metagenomics were analyzed before and after the 12 week testing period. The same testing methods were applied to the source pond for water and sediments to act as a field comparison. More information and laboratory research in regard to MuckBiotics and MD Pellets can be found online on the Naturalake.com website.
Field testing took place at ponds within Southern Florida. The tested ponds had a consistent history of developing HAB's throughout the summer, specifically Microcystis, and were treated with MD Pellets during the summer of 2016.
A. Organic Sediment Reduction
Figure 1 and 2.
Soft sediment depth was measured weekly and averaged between 32 sample sites (laboratory pond tanks) and 8 sample sites (pond). MuckBiotics was applied at a dose rate of 12.5 lbs per acre per month during the treatment period.
Reductions in soft sediment were observed both in the laboratory and the field when applying MuckBiotics throughout the testing period. Sediments that were not treated with MuckBiotics, and thus acted as a control, remained relatively consistent in regard to soft sediment depth throughout the testing period.
Decreasing organic matter excludes more water from the sediment particles resulting in compaction of sediments and a reduction in soft sediment depth. Reducing soft organic sediments in a pond reduces the available nutrient reservoir of a pond, thus limiting the amount of nutrients that can be recycled back into the water column. This would effectively limit the amount of bio-available nutrients available for cyanobacteria growth and bloom development. Also, reducing soft organic sediments in a pond increases the water volume of a pond, allowing for a greater dilution effect to occur when external nutrients enter into the water column of a pond.
B. Sediment Nutrient Reduction in Laboratory Pond Tanks
200 mL of Soft sediments were collected and sent for nutrient analysis by TestAmerica, Chicago. Composite samples were collected prior to the testing period from the pond and stored muck prior to application into the tanks. After the 12 week testing period, composite soft sediment samples were collected from the MuckBiotics treated tanks (MB) and control tanks.
Sediment nutrients were observed to decrease after the addition of MuckBiotics to the sediment layer.
Total volatile solids, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, and organic carbon all decreased after the 12 week treatment period. Lower sediment nutrients decrease the risk of nutrients being released into the water column mainly due to sudden high flows or other activities that lead to sediment disturbance. Lower available nutrients, both within the sediment as well as released into the water column, limits the amount of algal blooms that can occur. Over time, decreased nutrients should help limit the frequency and intensity of blooms within a water body.
C. Reduced Frequency of Blooms
Figure 4. Nostoc Observed
Brown/Green spheres of Nostoc were observed only in the control tanks after 12 weeks of testing. Nostoc is a filamentous cyanobacterium that can form macroscopic colonies. The pond tanks treated with MuckBiotics did not contain any visible evidence of cyanobacteria growth on the surface of the water.
Figure 5. Initial vs Control Vs Muckbiotics
After 12 weeks of testing, soft sediment samples from the control and MuckBiotics pond tanks were sent to University of Wisconsin Biotech Center for DNA extraction and Illumina NovaSeq 6000 metagenomic analysis. Metagenomic analysis was able to analyze to the genus level.
Within the Naturalake Laboratory, the same pattern of reduced levels of cyanobacteria have been consistently observed in the pond tanks when treated with MuckBiotics. Spheres of Nostoc were only observed in the control pond tanks, whereas there was no visible evidence of cyanobacteria growth in the pond tanks treated with MuckBiotics. Sediment metagenomic analysis also found that there was decreased levels of cyanobacteria within the soft sediment of tanks treated with MuckBiotics. For example, the cyanobacteria Aphanizomenon flosaquae NIES-81 was 1.6x more prevalent in the control tank sediment in comparison to the tanks treated with MuckBiotics.
Within the field, Naturalake has also observed decreases in the occurrence and intensity of harmful algae blooms after the application of MD Pellets or MuckBiotics. Specifically, MD Pellets were successfully applied to a eutrophic pond in Southern Florida with a history of consistent harmful cyanobacteria surface blooms, specifically Microcystis.
IV. Calusa Case Study
A five-acre southern Florida pond, located at the Calusa Yacht and Racquet Club in the Lee County Hyacinth Control District, has experienced recurrent muck accumulation, nutrient loading, and harmful algal growth issues. Microcystis has consistently formed surface blooms throughout the pond during the summer and fall months. Pond Watch Program volunteers, Ernesto de la Vega, and Naturalake employees conducted monthly sample collection, water quality analysis, and algae ID between 2015-2017. A treatment program was started in January of 2016 using a proactive treatment program consisting of monthly applications of Naturalake's MD Pellets.
Figure 6. Microcystis, 100x Magnification
Figure 7. Before and after of Calusa Pond
Surface view from of the Calusa pond in 2015 (left) and during the treatment period of 2016 (right). Surface blooms of Microcystis were consistently present during the 2015 year prior to the start of treatment. Surface water remained relatively clear during the treatment period in 2016.
MD Pellets were applied by aquatic professionals from the Lake Doctor's Inc. The treatment goal was to reduce the frequency and intensity of Microcystis blooms occurring in the pond (Figure 6).
More information from the Calusa pond treatment can be found in the Pond Watch 2016 Annual Report for Calusa Yacht and Racquet Club, as prepared by Ernesto de la Vega and the Lee County Hyacinth Control District.
After treatment was started in January of 2016, a decrease in water column nutrients and algal growth was observed in comparison to previous years without biological treatments, such as during the year 2015. Yearly averages for nutrient and algal abundance levels, as well as monthly trends appeared to be decreased during the 2016 treatment year in comparison to the 2015 untreated year for the Calusa pond. Overall, the abundance and intensity of Microcystis blooms were reduced and the Calusa pond water remained relatively clear during 2016 (Figure 7).
Rainfall totals did not appear to be a major factor for influencing nutrient levels within the Calusa Pond. Increased levels of rainfall did not seem to correlate to an increase in water column nutrient levels due to runoff. Also, rainfall trends were very similar between 2015 and 2016 (Figure 8). Because of this, it is reasonable to assume that rainfall was not a significant factor regarding nutrient loading and algal proliferation.
Chlorophyll-A was used as the metric for quantifying algal growth within the Calusa pond. Unfortunately, it was not possible to analyze Chlorophyll-A during July of 2015. However, 49.85 ug/L was the average level of Chlorophyll-A during 2015 in comparison to 34.44 ug/L during the 2016 treatment year. Also, levels of algae growth appeared to decrease somewhat linearly during the 2016 treatment year and remained consistently below 2015 levels from May through December (Figure 9). Overall, algae growth was reduced during the 2016 treatment year, where a specific reduction of Microcystis proliferation was observed during monthly microscopic analysis.
Phosphorous and nitrogen were used as a metric for quantifying nutrient loading within the Calusa pond because they are two of the primary nutrient drivers for algal proliferation and growth. Total nitrogen, ammonia, and nitrate/nitrite analysis were used as metrics for quantifying overall nitrogen loading into the Calusa pond. Similar trends were observed for all nitrogen metrics, where lower levels of nitrogen were consistently observed during the 2016 treatment year in comparison to 2015 (Figures 10,11,12).
Monthly water column Total Nitrogen concentration. Total Nitrogen analysis was not possible September-December of 2015.
Total phosphorous was used as the metric for quantifying phosphorous loading into the water column of the Calusa pond. During 2015, average levels of phosphorous were .1125 ppm in comparison to .0945 ppm during the 2016 treatment year. During 2016, monthly phosphorus levels generally remained at or below 2015 monthly levels apart from the month of April (Figure 9). Overall, it appears that water column phosphorous levels were consistently reduced during the treatment period of 2016. Lower levels of nitrogen and phosphorous in the water column should help limit algal growth within the Calusa pond, which was observed when comparing 2015 and 2016 Chlorophyll-A levels.
Over the twelve-month treatment period of 2016, a decrease in total nitrogen and total phosphorous was observed within the water column. Reduced levels of nutrients within the water column were associated with a decrease in levels of Chlorophyll-A. Microcystis was the most consistent harmful algae that developed blooms within this pond prior to treatment in 2016, but growth was largely limited during the 2016 treatment year. Overall, it appears that the proactive application of MD Pellets was able to help reduce the occurrence and intensity of algal blooms, specifically Microcystis, during the 2016 treatment year.
Naturalake Biosciences will continue to investigate the viability of using a proactive treatment approach with bacterial probiotics to limit the frequency and intensity of harmful cyanobacterial blooms in a water body. Through the competition and limitation of nutrients within a system, the potential for harmful algae growth should be decreased, and the effect of external nutrients entering a water body should be subdued. We would like to further understand the mechanism for limiting nutrient uptake and cyanobacteria growth, whether that be the rapid uptake of nutrients by bacteria or another cause for making nutrients unavailable to cyanobacteria. However, it currently appears that the application of MD Pellets or MuckBiotics is a proactive step in fostering a healthier sediment layer, reducing organic sediment, and limiting nutrients for harmful cyanobacterial blooms.
Download Complete Study


text:
package org.gradle.api.plugins.internal;

import org.gradle.api.Project;
import org.gradle.api.file.SourceDirectorySet;
import org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.DefaultSourceSetOutput;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.SourceSet;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.compile.AbstractCompile;
import org.gradle.internal.Cast;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;

public class SourceSetUtil {
    private SourceSetUtil() {}

    public static void configureForSourceSet(final SourceSet sourceSet, final SourceDirectorySet sourceDirectorySet, AbstractCompile compile, final Project target) {
        compile.setDescription("Compiles the " + sourceDirectorySet.getDisplayName() + ".");
        compile.setSource(sourceSet.getJava());

        compile.getConventionMapping().map("classpath", new Callable<Object>() {
            public Object call() throws Exception {
                return sourceSet.getCompileClasspath().plus(target.files(sourceSet.getJava().getOutputDir()));
            }
        });

        configureOutputDirectoryForSourceSet(sourceSet, sourceDirectorySet, compile, target);
    }

    public static void configureOutputDirectoryForSourceSet(final SourceSet sourceSet, final SourceDirectorySet sourceDirectorySet, AbstractCompile compile, final Project target) {
        final String sourceSetChildPath = "classes/" + sourceDirectorySet.getName() + "/" + sourceSet.getName();
        sourceDirectorySet.setOutputDir(target.provider(new Callable<File>() {
            @Override
            public File call() throws Exception {
                if (sourceSet.getOutput().isLegacyLayout()) {
                    return sourceSet.getOutput().getClassesDir();
                }
                return new File(target.getBuildDir(), sourceSetChildPath);
            }
        }));

        DefaultSourceSetOutput sourceSetOutput = Cast.cast(DefaultSourceSetOutput.class, sourceSet.getOutput());
        sourceSetOutput.addClassesDir(new Callable<File>() {
            @Override
            public File call() throws Exception {
                return sourceDirectorySet.getOutputDir();
            }
        });

        compile.setDestinationDir(target.provider(new Callable<File>() {
            @Override
            public File call() throws Exception {
                return sourceDirectorySet.getOutputDir();
            }
        }));
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub