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HANGARD COMMUNAL CEMETERY EXTENSION
GPS Coordinates: Latitude: 49.82408, Longitude: 2.51924
Location Information
Hangard is a village 5 kilometres south of Villers-Bretonneux. Hangard Communal Cemetery is a little east of the village on the north side of the road to Demuin and the Extension is on the west side of the Communal Cemetery.
Visiting Information
The location or design of this site makes wheelchair access impossible.
At the end of March 1918, Hangard was at the junction of the French and Commonwealth forces defending Amiens. From 4 to 25 April, the village and Hangard Wood were the scene of incessant fighting, in which the line was held and the 18th Division were particularly heavily engaged. On 8 August, the village was cleared by the 1st and 2nd Canadian Mounted Rifles.
The original extension to the communal cemetery was made by the Canadian Corps in August 1918. It consisted of 51 graves in the present Plot I. It was greatly increased after the Armistice when graves were brought in, mainly from the battlefields of Hangard and Hangard Wood and from the following smaller cemeteries :-
ANDECHY GERMAN CEMETERY, on the West side of Andechy village, contained one Irish soldier.
BEAUFORT-EN-SANTERRE GERMAN CEMETERY (later removed), from which one Scottish soldier was brought.
BELLOY-EN-SANTERRE COMMUNAL CEMETERY GERMAN EXTENSION (later removed), which contained one soldier from the United Kingdom and one from Australia.
FONTAINE-LES-CAPPY CHURCHYARD EXTENSION (later removed), which was used for the burial of 22 soldiers from the United Kingdom in 1915.
GENTELLES FRENCH MILITARY CEMETERY, CACHY (later removed), on the road between the two villages. It contains the graves of over 200 French soldiers and 48 from the United Kingdom, who fell in April, 1918.
HANGARD MILITARY CEMETERY, a French extension (later removed) on the East side of the Communal Cemetery, containing, in addition to French graves, those of 38 soldiers from the United Kingdom, 18 from Canada, and 12 from Australia, who fell in April and August, 1918.
HANGEST GERMAN CEMETERY (later removed), opposite Hangest Communal Cemetery, contained the grave of one soldier from the United Kingdom.
HARBONNIERES GERMAN CEMETERY (later removed), at the East end of the village, from which were brought the graves of six soldiers from the United Kingdom and one from Australia.
HERLEVILLE GERMAN CEMETERY (later removed), from which were brought the graves of two soldiers from the United Kingdom.
LE QUESNEL CHATEAU CEMETERY (later removed), in the wood on the South side of the village, contained one British grave.
SAULCHOY-SUR-DAVENESCOURT COMMUNAL CEMETERY GERMAN EXTN. (later removed), contained the graves of two R.A.F. officers.
SOURDON FRENCH MILITARY CEMETERY (later removed), between Sourdon and Chirmont, contained the graves of 250 French soldiers and one Canadian Airman.
WIENCOURT-L'EQUIPEE GERMAN CEMETERY (later removed), at the East end of the village, contained the grave of one soldier from the United Kingdom.
The extension now contains 563 Commonwealth burials and commemorations of the First World War. 294 of the burials are unidentified but there are special memorials to eight casualties known to be buried among them. Other special memorials commemorate nine casualties buried in Fontaine-les-Cappy Churchyard Extension and Gentelles French Military Cemetery, whose graves could not be found on concentration. Certain graves in Plots II, III, and IV, identified collectively but not individually, are marked by headstones inscribed with the words "Believed to be buried near this spot.".
The extension was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens & George Hartley Goldsmith
Identified Casualties: United Kingdom 191, Canada 51, Australia 28, Germany 1. Total 271.
Unidentified Casualties: 294.
4151 Corporal
David Briggs
25th April 1918, aged 28.
Plot II. A. 17.
A farmer from American River, Kangaroo Island, South Australia, prior to enlistment, he embarked with the 13th Reinforcements of the 10th Battalion on 11 January 1916 aboard HMAT Borda (A30) for Suez. In late February 1916 he was transferred to the 50th Battalion which relocated to the Western Front, France, in early June 1916. Pte Briggs was wounded in action near Fleurbaix on 6 July 1916 and was able to rejoin his unit four weeks later. He was wounded in action on a second occasion in mid-August 1916 which resulted in his evacuation to England for treatment and recuperation before rejoining the battalion in late January 1917. Pte Briggs was appointed Lance Corporal (L Cpl) on 17 April 1917. L Cpl Briggs was wounded in action on a third occasion near Messines on 10 June 1917, was treated in Boulogne and rejoined his unit in mid-September 1917. He was promoted to Corporal (Cpl) on 15 November 1917. Cpl Briggs was killed in action at Villers-Bretonneux on 25 April 1918.
David William Carman
Son of David and Elizabedh Carman, of Kelvin Grove, Lockleys, South Australia.
His headstone bears the inscription; "He Gave His Life For Freedom."
A farmer form Port Broughton, South Australia, prior to enlistment, he embarked with the 6th Reinforcements from Adelaide on 23 October 1916 aboard HMAT Port Melbourne (A16) for Devonport, England. Following training at Codford he proceeded to France and joined his battalion on the Western Front near Armentieres. Pte Carman was wounded in action at Westhoek Ridge, Belgium, on 25 September 1917 and was evacuated to England for treatment and recuperation before rejoining his unit near Corbie in early April 1918. Pte Carman was killed in action near Villers-Bretonneux on 25 April 1918 and is buried in the Hangard Communal Cemetery Extension, France. He was aged 19 years. His older brother, 521 Lance Corporal Clement Claude Carman, 27th Battalion, was killed in action near Montauban on 5 November 1916 and his oldest brother 5063 Pte Roland Clarence Carman, 10th Battalion, was killed in action near Bapaume on 8 April 1917. They were aged 21 and 23 years respectively. Both have no known grave and they are commemorated on the Villers-Bretonneux Memorial.
697291 Gunner
Frederick Thomas Mort
376th Bty. 169th Bde. Royal Field Artillery
24th April 1918.
Plot I. F. 5.
W. E. Ogilvie
9th (Pioneer) Bn. Border Regiment
27th September 1915, aged 21.
Plot II. G. 20.
His headstone bears the inscription; "Qui Ante Diem Periit Sed Miles, Sed Pro Patria Ad Vitam." (Translates to 'Who died before his time - but a soldier, but for his country.' - From the poem 'Clifton Chapel' by Henry Newbold.)
Fred Petty
30th March 1918, aged 43.
Plot 11. H. 11.
Born 13th June, 1874 in Eccleshill, Yorkshire England. Late of Croydon, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Enlisted for active service abroad at Victoria Barracks, Sydney NSW, Australia on 13th March, 1917. Service No: 7520. He was a member of the 34th Battalion Australian Infantry,
A. I. F.
He sailed for England on 10th May, 1917 and then left England for France on 3rd December, 1917.
Private Fred Petty was killed in action 30th March, 1918 at Villers-Bretonneux, France.
Picture courtesy of Granddaughters Dawn & Deidre & Great Granddaughter Julie.
Carl George Louis Perrott
Plot II. F.2.
Eldest Son of John Louis and Olivia Elizabeth Perrott, of Albert Park, Woodville, South Australia.
His headstone bears the inscription; "The Dearly Loved Eldest Son Of J.L.& O.E.Perrott Of Albert Park."
Memorial card of 3459 Private (Pte) Carl George Louis Perrott, 50th Battalion from Woodville, South Australia. A 20 year old tram conductor prior to enlisting on 20 January 1917, he embarked for overseas with the 9th Reinforcements from Adelaide on 10 February 1917 aboard HMAT Seang Bee. Following further training in England, he joined the 50th Battalion in France in August 1917. Pte Perrott was killed in action at Villers-Bretonneux, France on 25 April 1918.
21683 Lance Corporal
Arthur William Souls
16th Bn. Cheshire Regiment
Plot I. G. 7.
Son of William and Julia Annie Souls, of Great Barrington, Burford, Oxon. Born at Great Rissington, Bourton-on-the-Water, Glos. Four of his brothers, Albert, twin Alfred, Frederick George and Walter Davis Souls also fell.
Albert died on 14th March 1916, aged 20 and is buried in Bully-Grenay Communal Cemetery French Extension in France.
Alfred died on 20th April 1918, aged 31 and is buried in the Strand Military Cemetery in Belgium.
Frederick George died on 19th July 1916, aged 30 and commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial in France.
Walter Davis died on 2nd August 1916, aged 24 and is buried in St. Sever Cemetery, Rouen in France.
John Henry West
25th April 1918, aged 25
Son of John Henry and Annie Frances West, of The Glanville Hotel, Glanville, South Australia.
His headstone bears the inscription; "In Loving Memory Of The Dearly Loved Son Of Mr. & Mrs. West."
His brother Robert (Known as Bert) gave the following details of John's death;
"I was near my brother at the time of his death, he was killed on the night of April 25th, 1918 in the recapture of Villers-Bretonneux by machine gun fire. He did not suffer and was buried on the battlefield. When we came out I made a cross and erected it. I have written to my people telling them the circumstances."
Pte John Henry West from Glanville, South Australia. A 22 year old plumber prior to enlisting on 8 November 1915, he embarked for overseas with the 15th Reinforcements of 10th Battalion from Adelaide on 9 March 1916 aboard RMS Mongolia. While in Egypt, he transferred to the 50th Battalion on 28 April 1916 and embarked for France on 5 June 1916. On 16 August 1916 he suffered a gunshot wound to his left hand and was in hospital in France until 11 September 1916. In mid-June 1917 he injured his left ankle and broke his left fibula and was sent to hospital in England on 12 July 1917. After rejoining the 50th Battalion in France on 5 March 1918, he was killed in action at Villers-Bretonneux on 25 April 1918.
Captured German Tank Elfriede put out of action and captured by "A" Company 1st Battalion Tank Corps, one kilometre from Villers, Bretonneux on the Hangard en Santerre Road, during the first German tank attack, 24th April, 1918. Only 20 of these tanks were built, the track being shorter then the body, they carried 8 heavy machine guns and a 57 mm. quick-firing gun. © IWM (Q 29583)
NEARBY CWGC CEMETERIES & MEMORIALS
Démuin british cemetery
hangard wood british cemetery
hourges orchard cemetery


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We had a lovely breakfast. The service was a bit slow because it was so busy however we will still be booking again because it is really good food..


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Coinstreams Blog Blockchain news How Bitcoin Can Unlock The Energy Of The Ocean For 1 Billion People
How Bitcoin Can Unlock The Energy Of The Ocean For 1 Billion People
Bitcoin has the potential to help unlock between 2 to 4 terawatts of clean, continuous and year-round baseload power — for one billion people — by harnessing the thermal energy of the oceans. The technology is Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), a 150-year old idea stymied by economies of scale, that turns Earth's oceans into an enormous renewable solar battery.
It does this by combining warm tropical surface water and deep cold seawater to create a conventional heat engine. This simple idea is perfectly suited to be expanded to a planetary scale by Bitcoin's unique appetite for purchasing and consuming stranded energy from the prototypes and pilot plants that will be required to prove it works. Furthermore, by harnessing virtually unlimited quantities of cold water for cooling co-located ASIC miners, OTEC may very well be the most efficient and most ecological way to mine Bitcoin.
The Conception Of OTEC
"There's a powerful, obedient, swift, and effortless force that can be bent to any use and which reigns supreme aboard my vessel. It does everything. It lights me, it warms me, it's the soul of my mechanical equipment. This force is electricity."
–Jules Verne, "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea"
OTEC was conceived in 1881 when French physicist Jacques Arsene d'Arsonval proposed trapping the thermal energy stored in the ocean. He was inspired by Jules Verne's novel "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under The Seas," when Captain Nemo remarks how there is no shortage of energy that his ship, the Nautilus, could conceivably harness, such as "obtaining electricity through the diverging temperatures of different depths."
D'Arsonval proposed using such diverging temperatures to power a heat engine, which converts heat into mechanical energy. D'Arsonval proposed a plant with a Rankine cycle, based on the work of William Rankine, a mid-19th century Scottish mechanical engineer who described an idealized thermodynamic cycle where mechanical work is extracted from a fluid as it moves between a heat source and heat sink. OTEC can be performed from the shore or interconnected to land from a distant oceanographic platform, well out of sight.
Over one billion people live within 100 kilometers of a tropical coast, where a 25ºC temperature difference can be found between warm surface seawater and cold deep seawater, at depths of one kilometer. This differential, or delta T, is perfect for OTEC. At room temperature, a working fluid such as ammonia will boil and evaporate. Reduce the temperature in a condenser bathed in deep cold seawater and the ammonia condenses back into a liquid. Together, the diverging temperatures produce the Rankine cycle that will power a turbine and generate electricity. The result is a clean, continuous base load power that runs year round and can provide free cooling for buildings, infrastructure or mining equipment. All you have to do is pump water to the surface and let physics do the work.
Other engineers would continue d'Arsonval's legacy, such as Ben J. Campbell, who in 1913 predicted that the tropical oceans would prove an indefinitely large and inexhaustible storehouse of potential energy which could abundantly supply all the power needed by future man. But it would not be until 1930 that the first OTEC plant would be completed.
Georges Claude, a student of d'Arsonval's — known as the "Edison of France" for his breakthroughs with neon lights and industrial gasses — would end up staking and losing his fortune in his floundering OTEC plant in Matanzas Bay, Cuba and a self-funded OTEC freighter to manufacture and sell ice to residents of Rio de Janeiro. Plagued by logistical issues, storms, mistakes and spiraling costs, the projects failed.
Claude had even considered extracting microscopic grains of gold from OTEC seawater, to increase his plant's revenue. He could not have imagined that, almost a century later, oceanographers would be using seawater to extract a new kind of digital gold from computers.
Nikola Tesla considered ocean thermal energy to be extremely promising and proposed optimizations to Claude's heat engine in order to improve the logistics and economics. The two engineers would each find that their individual attempts to harness Earth's abundant energy would be foiled by economies of scale.
Image source: The New York Times, June 26, 1930
Claude's losses made investors wary of OTEC. Within a few years, the discovery of nuclear fission had occurred and by 1944 prominent petroleum geologist Everette DeGolyer reported to the U.S. government that Middle East nations were sitting atop untold billions of barrels of oil. DeGolyer's report to the State Department remarked, "The oil in this region is the greatest single prize in all history." With that discovery, OTEC would be all but overlooked for decades to come and few governments were willing to invest much time or money into exploring or scaling the fledgling technology.
A New Hope For OTEC
"If only two percent of the power available in the ocean thermal difference were utilized we would have many times as much energy as the world now needs."
–Bryn Beorse, University of California at Berkeley, 1977
There remains isolated interest in OTEC, especially in Hawaii. In 1979 the State of Hawaii, Lockheed Corporation, and two other companies partnered to create "Mini-OTEC," the first successful closed-cycle, self-sustaining ocean thermal energy operation at sea. Set on a barge, the floating 50-kilowatt (kW) facility used a two-foot diameter, 2,150-foot-long polyethylene pipe for its cold-water intake.
Hawaii has since passed legislation in 2015 mandating 100% of the state's energy be generated from renewable sources by 2045. Secluded in the warm waters of the Pacific Ocean, Hawaii has a unique power grid that is similar to Texas in that it is completely isolated and disconnected. As an added complexity, each island has its own stranded grid. No power is connected or shared between the individual islands, nor is there any political will to interconnect the islands. Ironically, Hawaii is physically surrounded by an enormous amount of potential energy, with little incentive to explore it.
Hawaii's Big Island and its sparsely populated outer islands have a load of about 200 megawatts (MW), and should be able to easily meet the state's mandate using conventional renewables, including geothermal. Oahu, Hawaii's most populated island, has a more challenging situation.
Image source: Only One
The Oahu Problem
Oahu is home to approximately 1 million of 1.4 million residents in the State of Hawaii and has a load of 2,000 MW, with almost no spare land to site new utilities. Conventional renewables on Oahu will either fall short or are untenable for a variety of reasons, according to Nathanial Harmon — an oceanographer and the founder and CEO of Blockchain Solutions Hawaii and OceanBit Energy, which merges Bitcoin mining and OTEC.
Harmon calculates that if you were to replace Oahu's Kahe 600-MW fossil fuel plant with intermittent wind, you'd need an offshore wind farm the size of Oahu at a cost of approximately $19 billion. It would also need a utility-scale battery system and vast amounts of cabling and mooring. Such a farm would be devastating to Oahu's coral reefs and it would interfere with whale breeding habitats.
For solar, Oahu would need to source enough panels and land area four times the size of its international airport if there were no space between the panels. Again, batteries would be required to produce constant power and the environmental destruction to situate the infrastructure would be considerable.
As for nuclear power, there is no realistic space to site a nuclear plant on Oahu. Even though nuclear power is a reliable, clean and safe form of energy production, there is no way to execute an evacuation plan for the island in the event of a tsunami, landslide or accident.
Wave technology, which remains unproven and lacks a reliable track record, would only meet roughly 17% of Oahu's energy demands if the island were able to utilize all of its shoreline.
Even if you could find the land, displace landowners, violate the existing environment and rebuild Oahu's grid to accommodate conventional renewables, it wouldn't make fiscal sense. And again, each island has its own isolated grid and there is no political desire for interconnecting them.
At 30 cents per kilowatt hour, Hawaii already pays the highest energy costs in the nation. In 2020, Hawaiian Electric purchased approximately $6.75 million worth of curtailed energy, from producers, that was wasted. The bill for this waste is passed on to Hawaiian residents. Had the utility employed demand response Bitcoin mining, Harmon calculates the utility would have generated over $8 million in revenue. Interestingly, Hawaii may be one of the most profitable places to mine Bitcoin.
Each day, when the sun sets on Texas, thousands of solar-based ASIC miners wind down. Meanwhile, the sun is directly over Hawaii with no competition for solar mining for 2,000 miles East or West of the islands. Blocks are mined a little slower during this time, since there's less mining happening elsewhere. As such, it can be more profitable to mine Bitcoin in Hawaii.
Harmon believes that OTEC is the only realistic option for Oahu to meet its renewable energy mandate. He consults for Makai Ocean Engineering, a company that has built the first grid-connected OTEC research facility in Kailua-Kona, on the Big Island. It's a small, closed-cycle, 100-kilowatt plant that sits right on the shore.
Yet, OTEC has not yet been proven to be feasible at scale. Its critics rightly point out its long history of physical and economic challenges. A 100-MW plant would need a cold water pipe about 35 feet in diameter, to reach depths of a kilometer and the pipe would need to reliably remain intact and connected through storms and strong currents, for decades. The economic challenges are equally daunting, but Harmon has a secret weapon: Bitcoin.
The Innovation Valley Of Death
To understand why Bitcoin and OTEC pair so well it is important to recognize both the economics that OTEC must overcome as well as the symbiotic relationship between ASIC miners and the ocean itself. Progress on OTEC is presently constrained by what is known as the Innovation Valley of Death. Pre-commercial OTEC plants are not commercially attractive but such facilities are needed to convince financiers that the risk is manageable considering the size of the potential market.
The small-scale test facilities, such as the 100-kilowatt Makai plant in Kona, produce electricity that is over $1 per kilowatt hour. There are no buyers for electricity at that price, but it's still possible to get small-scale funding despite the unsellable electricity.
It is estimated that a large-scale, 100-to-400-MW OTEC plant would produce electricity in the range of 6 cents to 20 cents per kilowatt hour. However, engineers need to build a medium-scale (5-to-10-MW) test facility — proving it can reliably maintain its cold water intake pipes to produce continuous base load power for about two-and-a-half years — before a large-scale plant can be simulated and built. The problem is that an interconnected, medium-scale plant would cost about $200 million to $300 million and produce electricity in the range of 50 cents to $1 per kilowatt hour. Nobody on the grid will buy energy at that price. Anyone who funds a medium-scale OTEC plant would be taking a total loss on their sizable investment. The state of Hawaii can't afford to take that kind of loss.
This conundrum gave Harmon an idea. What if the team optimized a medium-scale OTEC facility to mine Bitcoin?
A typical Bitcoin mining operation will spend considerable amounts of time, energy and money cooling their ASIC miners with air conditioning or liquid immersion cooling, and these costs eat into profitability. However, the main waste product of OTEC is a nearly-infinite and continuous supply of 5ºC cold water. Not only does OTEC produce free cooling, it provides a level of cooling that almost no one else in the mining industry has access to — enough to overclock mining rigs by 30% to 40%, according to Harmon. This allows OTEC to essentially achieve a power usage effectiveness (PUE) level of 1 — representing nearly perfect mining efficiency. It may very well be the most efficient way to mine Bitcoin.
If there is no buyer for the energy from a medium-scale test facility at 50 cents to $1 per kilowatt hour, then one doesn't need to connect it to land — that's a $40 million to $100 million savings by avoiding an offshore cable. If there is no need to connect it to land, then there is no need to obtain permits or moor the facility — that's tens of millions of dollars in additional savings. And if there is no need to moor the facility, then it can be dynamically maneuvered, using its own discharge, and there's no need to incur the exorbitant costs to hurricane-proof it. And if the facility can be maneuvered, the facility can "graze" and find the most optimal location for OTEC, with the warmest surface waters and greatest temperature differential, in order to maximize efficiency and avoid the Innovation Valley of Death. This just happens to be in the doldrums, a hot and windless region along the equator well known for stranding ships during the Age of Sail.
Image modified from Ocean Energy Systems
In an interview for this article, Harmon said OTEC's energy generation efficiency scales with the square of the delta T. Theoretically, one can double the efficiency of OTEC with an additional 8ºC delta T. In other words, moving from Hawaii (which has a 20ºC annual mean delta T) to the equator (which has a 28ºC annual mean delta T) can turn a 5-MW facility into a 10-MW facility.
With all of these optimizations and capital expenditure reductions, Harmon contends that his team can bring stranded, medium-scale OTEC down to 11 cents per kilowatt hour. Combined with free cooling and overclocked mining rigs, the test facility would be able to sell its stranded energy to a symbiotic and highly-optimized co-located buyer: Bitcoin mining.Image source: author
Image source: author
Harmon envisions that a medium-scale test facility, stranded on a barge in international waters and optimized to mine Bitcoin, will allow OTEC to overcome the Innovation Valley of Death for the first time in history.
Energy Abundance And Bitcoin Flexible Load
Tropical locations that are well suited to large-scale OTEC could also have a lot of intermittent solar and wind and a lot of curtailment. Harmon envisions these regions would direct curtailment to their OTEC plants where the cooled and overclocked Bitcoin miners could be optimized to consume the excess energy and bring down the cost of large-scale OTEC.
A region that employed this architecture would enjoy cheap, clean and continuous base load power, with flexible load subsidized by Bitcoin mining revenue. By fostering energy abundance, OTEC can be used to power desalination plants to provide fresh drinking water for those regions while sustainably extracting raw minerals from seawater. More controversially, it might also make seabed mining of manganese nodules — trillions of dollars of geodes containing economic concentrations of minerals — profitable for the first time.
Tropical environments often have increased demand for air conditioning all year round. This typically raises energy costs and the high demand for energy often requires power from non-renewable sources. OTEC can reduce the need for energy-intensive air conditioning by providing sea water air conditioning (SWAC) to nearby buildings. Cold 5ºC water from OTEC is pumped through a heat exchanger to a closed loop chilled water system. The loop passes through various fan units which blow air over the chilled pipes to provide cool air into living spaces.
Image modified from The Brando
Hawaii's Tradition Of Sustainable Natural Resources
Before contact with Westerners, the Kingdom of Hawaii had a long tradition of sustainability using the natural resources that were available to them. The native populations had a cultural tradition known as ahupua'a — a watershed and common land division within streams and valleys. The ahupua'a included the land from the mountains to the coast, and the coastal ocean extending out to and including the coral reef. The natives would plant taro in the highlands and divert streams into their fields which would carry nutrients down to rock walled fishpond estuaries at the ocean shore. It was in these estuaries that their favorite fish were cultivated in a mix of fresh nutrient-dense water and saltwater from the ocean.
The pre-contact kingdom supported hundreds of thousands of people, completely isolated from the outside world for hundreds of years prior to Captain James Cook's arrival in Hawaii, in 1778. Today, Hawaii imports approximately 85% of its food and 95% of its energy resources.
From Tradition To Modern Sustainability
The cold water that OTEC extracts from the deep ocean is rich in minerals and nutrients. Sea life on the ocean surface eventually becomes detritus and is constantly falling down into the depths of the ocean. Oceanic thermohaline circulation carries considerable quantities of detritus into the Pacific Ocean where the nutrient density is magnified. OTEC's byproduct can not only be used for powering and cooling Bitcoin miners, its nutrients can be extracted for agriculture and aquaculture.
Water extracted by OTEC can be used for desalination or for producing green hydrogen fuel through energy-intensive electrolysis, all powered by OTEC. Whatever water isn't used is discharged back to the ocean. Nutrients that are recirculated back into the seas increase the efficiency of shallow phytoplankton which can sequester carbon dioxide into the ocean depths as that sea life becomes falling detritus. However, the effects of this discharge needs to be studied at larger scales. It should be noted that unless artificial upwelling is maintained indefinitely, the effects would eventually reverse and possibly push temperatures even higher. This is why Harmon would much rather see those nutrients become carbon sinks on land and improve crop yields for humanity, where they would have a more lasting impact.
Applying electricity to seawater can create artificial reefs through a process known as seawater electrolysis, where calcium carbonate forms around a cathode, eventually coating the electrode with a material three times the strength of concrete. This accretion process was perfected by Wolf Hilbertz, who was inspired by the mid-19th century British scientist Michael Faraday, better known for inventing the DC battery. Faraday noticed a fluffy white precipitation when running electricity through water. When cultivated properly this precipitation creates calcium carbonate, the substance that coral and shells are composed of.
OTEC-powered seawater electrolysis could be used to generate self-repairing porous reefs that effectively dissipate wave energy to protect and regrow eroded beaches, shorelines and marine environments faster than sea levels can rise. These incredibly strong structures might even one day support new sustainable human habitats and create artificial archipelagoes powered with abundant OTEC electricity, fresh water, food and fuel.
Build, Test And Study
"If you have unlimited energy, you can solve any problem… OTEC is turning the surface of the ocean into a giant solar panel. There's not enough lithium in the world to put batteries and solar panels to fuel the world's energy resources. So, instead of that, you use the ocean which is already doing that."
–Nathaniel Harmon, "Bitcoin, Energy, And The Environment"
There are potential environmental downsides to OTEC and studying those negative externalities is one of the main goals of the medium-scale test facility that Harmon and his team plan to build. The plants can be noisy and might affect sea life, so the noise attenuation must be studied. Another potential issue is the use of antifouling compounds used to keep pipes from corroding. And pumping too much nutrient-dense water onto the surface, without putting it to good use, can promote putrefaction. The solution is to release mixed water to a medium depth where it continues on in the detritus cycle. This still changes the trophic structure of the area surrounding the plant, which also needs to be studied.
While nutrient-dense water from OTEC can be used for agriculture, and for productive carbon sequestration on land, another potential application for the nutrient-dense water is aquaculture. Its "artificial upwelling" replicates the upwellings found in nature that are responsible for nurturing and supporting the world's largest marine ecosystems, and the largest densities of life on the planet. Non-native species, such as abalone, trout, oysters, clams and cold-water sea animals, such as lobster and salmon, thrive in this nutrient-rich seawater and could be raised in tropical locations. This would reduce the need for distant shipping and energy-intensive refrigeration for tropical locations where harvested seafood often deteriorates quickly. In a twist of irony, the technology that was inspired by Verne's fictional tale of seasteading could very well support permanent dwellings, research labs and Bitcoin citadels in international waters.
The first steps for Harmon and his team will be to refactor Makai's Kailua-Kona 100-kW plant, on the Big Island, with S9 Bitcoin miners. The plant is too small to make money, but it will demonstrate the integrated cooling technology from OTEC. Next, the team wants to work on the medium-scale demonstration using a grazing containerized platform.
OTEC And Terraforming
Incredibly, OTEC can be used to enhance rainfall and moderate the high ambient summer temperatures in the tropics. A 100-MW power plant would be able to pump approximately 12 million gallons (44,400 metric tonnes) of 5ºC water to the surface — slightly more than the mass of the Bismarck-class battleship — every minute. Although more research is needed, in theory, if a number of large scale OTEC plants directed this upwelling to the surface in a region, it could affect the weather in potentially beneficial ways.
When the ocean surface is warm, this creates a lower pressure system which creates dry and warm oceanward winds. It is more preferable to have moist landward winds from the ocean which increase rainfall, reverse droughts, and promote more comfortable summer ambient temperatures (below 35°C) on land. Upwelling tens of billions of gallons of cold water toward the ocean surface would, in theory, have that effect — making tropical locations more temperate and better irrigated. Locations such as the Middle East, North East Africa, the Indian subcontinent and Australia could perhaps benefit from controlling their hot and dry summer seasons and erratic rainfall. These effects are self-limiting, since OTEC fails to operate if surface temperatures cool too much. However, stranded grazing OTEC barges mining Bitcoin can easily relocate to more optimal locations.
When Harmon was a graduate student at the University of Hawaii at Manoa — studying Marine Geology and Geochemistry — he proposed research on how Bitcoin could become the transport layer in Jeremey Rifkin's book, "The Third Industrial Revolution." Harmon's proposal wasn't well received. Professor Camilo Mora wasn't interested. Dr. Michael J. Roberts, a professor of economics, emailed him saying his research was "seriously wrongheaded," encouraged him to drop out of school to work for the Winklevoss twins, and read Paul Krugman for a proper critique of Bitcoin's economics.
Harmon believes that he may have inadvertently inspired the thrice refuted Mora et al. 2018 opinion, in the scientific journal Nature, which erroneously claimed that Bitcoin could single-handedly drive up global temperatures by 2ºC. According to Harmon, the opinion was written by undergrads as part of a course project at the university, who may have caught wind of his research. Neither Camilo Mora, nor Katie Taladay, wrote it — they edited it for grammar, not content. To this day, the flawed paper is still cited by Bitcoin critics.
But what if Bitcoin and OTEC could more than just incentivize renewable energy. What if, together, they could moderate the climate and reduce extreme weather? Warm tropical waters along the equator notoriously generate tropical cyclones, typhoons and hurricanes that cause tens of billions of dollars of damage throughout the world each year. In theory, the severity of these storms could be lessened by artificially upwelling enormous quantities of cool water, funded by Bitcoin mining. As previously mentioned, a caveat is that ocean-based climate engineering, on a global scale, would likely need to be maintained indefinitely, otherwise the beneficial effects would soon reverse.
Image source: NASA
In a post to the Bitcointalk forum in 2010, Satoshi Nakamoto predicted that Bitcoin mining might gravitate towards the Earth's poles, writing "Bitcoin generation should end up where it's cheapest. Maybe that will be in cold climates where there's electric heat, where it would be essentially free."
Although Nakamoto perhaps did not consider that Bitcoin has the potential to draw enormous amounts of free energy from tropical oceans, OTEC is not technically limited to equatorial waters.
Energy As A Stranded Byproduct
"Power is synonymous with progress and civilization."
–Dr. H. Barjot
Any temperature differential can be used to create energy. In the March 1930 issue of Scientific American, Dr. H. Barjot proposed using the heat differential between Arctic waters and air to produce energy during winter months when hydroelectric plants have reduced streamflow. Barjot envisioned using butane as a working fluid, which has a boiling point of -0.5°C. The fluid is condensed with blocks of ice-salt formed by frozen cryohydrate, a saturated saltwater ice made from brine, which is recirculated between a condenser back to an adjacent ice bed where it refreezes.
Assuming a realistic level of efficiency of 4%, Barjot calculated that the energy extracted from freezing one cubic meter of water in a Barjot OTEC plant would equal the energy generated by two gallons of petroleum. The waste product from a Barjot plant is ice.
Image source: Scientific American, March 1930
Although modern engineers believe Barjot's ideas were largely infeasible, they are not impossible. A Barjot plant could be located on polar region islands or on platforms attached to ice caps. Such stranded facilities could fund themselves with optimally-cooled Bitcoin mining to create artificial ice sheets or glaciers in Greenland or on Antarctica valleys located near the coast. The technology could even be used to terraform planets or moons in the very distant future.
The process of glacial grafting is not particularly difficult. During the 12th century, when news of Genghis Khan and advancing Mongols reached what is now northern Pakistan, villagers were said to have blocked the mountain passes by growing glaciers across them. The art of glacial grafting has been definitively practiced since at least the early 19th century, in the mountains of the Hindu Kush and Karakorum, for irrigation and to preserve access to fresh water.
Barjot's proposal further illustrates how stranded temperature differentials can produce considerable quantities of energy and desirable byproducts such as nutrients, artificial reefs, aquaculture, desalinated water, minerals or even ice sheets. In a sense, one might think of stranded energy as the byproduct that can be readily exchanged for Bitcoin, to make the project a reality.
Pushing Humanity Forward
In 1964, Soviet astronomer Nikolai Kardashev proposed the Kardashev scale, a method of measuring a civilization's level of technological advancement based on the amount of energy it is able to extract from its environment. Utilizing the free energy of a planet's oceans is an imperative for a civilization's advancement up this scale.
The possibilities of unlocking the thermal energy of the oceans is nearly limitless. While the innovators of a bygone era — including the likes of d'Arsonval, Claude, Campbell, Tesla and Barjot — were unable to see their ideas come to fruition, Bitcoin can help make their dreams of virtually-free renewable energy and abundance come to life. As governments around the world attempt to make sense of an open, inclusive and neutral global currency that monetizes energy, innovations in power generation will remain stifled without utilizing Bitcoin as a stranded energy buyer of last resort.
And yet, Bitcoin seems destined to tap the thermal energy of the oceans. Stranded OTEC Bitcoin mining, in international waters, would create a protective regulatory barrier from governments that would seek to stifle non-state money. With the power to seed seasteading citadels, OTEC could allow humans to sustainably and independently thrive in isolated waters — beyond the reach of governments. The more governments fight Bitcoin, the more Bitcoin will be drawn to energy-abundant international waters.
Image source: 20th Century Fox
The ability for Bitcoin to unlock energy abundance embodies what Brandon Quittem describes in his essay "Bitcoin Is A Pioneer Species," where Bitcoin mimics biological systems that colonize inhospitable environments and liberate the potential energy in raw elements for more advanced species to utilize and flourish.
Prove It Works
For all the imagination and hope of an energy-abundant future that OTEC could unleash, one must be realistic. There are still engineering challenges with medium-scale 100 MW OTEC that must be solved. However, compared to what has been accomplished by the offshore oil and gas industry, the obstacles are not impossible to overcome. The issue at present is that the challenges are keeping humanity from scaling the technology from 10 MW to 100 MW scale.
Before Bitcoin, a 10 MW OTEC plant was too expensive and the Innovation Valley of Death too wide. There are environmental issues as well, but nothing at the scale of the issues from fossil fuel extraction or combustion. Comprehensive study is needed as part of the scaling process.
Still, OTEC has had more failures than successes in its long history of futuristic dreaming for a brighter future. The question remains, will it work? The good news is that we don't have to trust oceanographers and engineers making extraordinary claims about OTEC, or any energy technology for that matter. Instead, Bitcoin is a test lab for scaling new forms of energy production. Bitcoin mining rigs and their public wallet addresses will prove to investors, and the general public, if test facilities are able to perform the work they claim. In this light, proof of work is just another term for "prove it works."
Bitcoin doesn't care if OTEC works or not. If an OTEC pilot plant produces the energy that is promised, the team that built it will be rewarded. Proven on a public ledger, the plant will have a symbiotic co-located buyer for stranded energy and can secure the funding needed to scale up the operation. If not, the experiment fails with no reward. Bitcoin mining rigs plug right into any power source, in any remote location, ready to pay for its energy with digital gold. Bitcoin will be the final judge and jury as to whether or not OTEC scales or fails.
Therein lies the beauty of Bitcoin mining and proof of work, an energy-hungry digital bearer asset that paradoxically unlocks human flourishing and energy abundance. Claude was never able to extract enough microscopic flecks of gold from seawater or sell enough ice to fund his stranded OTEC projects. But, he might have succeeded if he had a reliable co-located buyer of energy. By stranding energy on inaccessible shores and distant platforms humanity can begin the process of harnessing power in ways never before possible.
For the first time, the opportunity to economically harness planetary power is within our grasp. Thanks to Bitcoin, the human spirit of innovation remains strong. The journey won't be easy, and there's much work to be done. And through it all, Bitcoin will be ready, willing and able to guide humanity on that endeavor to a future of energy abundance, prosperity and freedom.
This is a guest post by Level39. Opinions expressed are entirely their own and do not necessarily reflect those of BTC Inc or Bitcoin Magazine.
Avalanche nears key breakdown level that could sink AVAX price by another 65%
South Korea May Hold Exchanges Accountable For Terra Crash


[caption id="attachment_4667" align="aligncenter" width="614"] New Video from MR NETW3RK !!
DLabrie headed to Asia on Tour Mid January 2014!!
DLabrie in Korea after a show!!
2/13 in San Jose – Valentine Party!!
1/5/13 in Nevada City- Task1ne Bday party ft. DLabrie & YDMC ….18 and up!!
SAT 4/27 in Monterey,CA – JStalin (Livewire), DLabrie. JBlaze, Nok Ent.
DLabrie aka MR NETW3RK back in Vegas 9/20 at Hip Hop Roots Boomers Bar!! Be There!!
FRI 11/22 in Redwood City – No Excuses Sagittarius Bash for James tha Spitta & Shamako Noble ft RDV crew!! FREE event!!
Bring in the New Year with DLabrie!!


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Book review: The Lady of the Rivers
Yet again, Philippa Gregory brings history alive. Her story of Jacquetta of Luxembourg, from her first encounter with Joan of Arc, kept me riveted. She is so attuned to the period and the language that her writing is seamless. At no point does the research show itself. And there is a lot of research, Gregory herself admits she does four months of solid research before starting to write. She also says that she often finds the idea for a different novel when she is researching another.
It may seem to the outsider that Gregory re-invents the same story – 'what another Tudor woman?' But this could not be further from the truth. Witchcraft is an intriguing story thread throughout this book, something introduced in The White Queen about Jacquetta's daughter Elizabeth Woodville. Women are obliged to hide their knowledge and skills in order to survive, knowledge that today we would think of as alternative medicine and gardening by the phases of the moon. My knowledge of the period, the Wars of the Roses, the various kings and factions, is definitely improving though I was concerned that the reverse-telling of the Cousins' War series would eliminate some of the tension. After all we know the fate of many of the characters, but her plotting and the scheming of the characters kept me reading.
I do think, though, that the titles and cover design is getting a little repetitive and lends confusion. I have been given duplicate copies as gifts, because of confusion between The Red Queen and The White Queen.
'Dark Aemilia' by Sally O'Reilly
'Wolf Hall' by Hilary Mantel
'Kings and Queens' by Terry Tyler
'The Lady of the Rivers' by Philippa Gregory [UK: Simon & Schuster]
THE LADY OF THE RIVERS by @PhilippaGBooks #bookreview via @SandraDanby http://wp.me/p5gEM4-lT


Today, the Hotbuys Techno Platforms were released.
They cost 15 stardollars, and you will be able to find them in the shop Rio.
So, will you be buying these shoe? Or do you not like them?
PS. Sports day today, urgh I hate sports!


Commerce Data Connection chart since start of trading. Commerce Data Connection value history since 2018.
Commerce Data Connection to US dollar chart since start of trading. Commerce Data Connection value history in US dollar since 2018.
Commerce Data Connection to US dollar chart since start of trading. Commerce Data Connection value history in pound sterling since 2018.
Commerce Data Connection to US dollar chart since start of trading. Commerce Data Connection value history in bitcoin/bit coin since 2018.
Commerce Data Connection to US dollar chart since start of trading. Commerce Data Connection value history in Ethereum since 2018.


Former Chelsea boss Gianluca Vialli claims current manager Antonio Conte "cannot wait to leave" the club. In the derby at Old Trafford, after City took the lead, United threw everything at them and equalised. SC: A convincing regrouping exercise after Anfield. In the absence of a more even level of competition that we saw back when the pair were in La Liga, the Portuguese has become even more grumpy and even more stubborn than he ever was before.
Rajasthan Royals and Chennai Super Kings , the inaugural champion and runner-up 10 years ago, make their comebacks from corruption scandals when the Indian Premier League starts on Saturday. The downside of having such players in such numbers is that they fall short of stable batsmen who can anchor the innings if needed. Indians Suryakumar Yadav, Saurabh Tiwary can also be lethal on their favourable day.
These changes were introduced after Mark Zuckerberg and Facebook suffered severe criticism post Cambridge Analytica scam. Facebook reached a settlement with the FTC in 2011 offering privacy assurances, though the FTC's probe may extend to Facebook's compliance with U.S.
Rudy Gay #22 of the San Antonio Spurs is fouled by Tyrone Wallace #12 of the Los Angeles Clippers as he drives to the basket in the first half of the game at Staples Center on April 3, 2018 in Los Angeles, California. During their last five games, the Jazz have scored an average of 109.8 points per game (6.0 above their season average) and allowed an average of 98.4 points per game (1.8 below their season average).
He's been charged with three counts of misdemeanor assault and one count of felony criminal mischief. "Give the fans what they deserve". "I am laughing inside", Nurmagomedov said. Pettis enters the fight following a loss to Dustin Poirier in November 2017. Ultimate Fighting Championship President Dana White was disgusted with McGregor's actions and even questioned if he was affected by drugs at time.
Our officials are talking with these MSMEs and taking their views and holding consultation before preparing the DPR", she said . "Sorry for Inconvenience. Soon after, the website of the Ministry of Home Affairs also went offline. The website shows Chinese characters on the home page which meant "meditation".
Alexandre Lacazette marked his return to the starting lineup with two goals to lead Arsenal past CSKA Moscow 4-1 in a game played amid a political crisis over the poisoning of a former spy and his daughter in Britain last month. Antoine Griezmann bagged his 17th goal of 2018 to seal Atletico Madrid's 2-0 victory over Sporting in the first leg of the Europa League quarterfinals Thursday.
India now has four medals at the Gold Coast Games and all four have come from weightlifting. The diminutive Manipuri lifted a total of 192kg (84kg+108kg) to claim the gold and broke down in tears on the podium. The only disappointment in the weightlifting arena was Saraswati Rout in the women's 58kg category. Tanwar defeated Tanzania's Haruna Mhando in a lopsided unanimous verdict to make the last-eight stage in the afternoon session.
Raikkonen's time of one minute, 29.8 seconds on the 5.4km desert circuit was a fraction quicker than Vettel's. As the first driver to set a lap time on supersoft tires during FP1, Raikkonen immediately jumped to the top of the timing screens and then saw a number of other drivers fail to better his time.
And there can be positives and negatives to both the demons and the confidence. But what I did do well was I plotted my way around the golf course. Just as everyone was looking forward to what was widely billed as the most wide-open US Masters in living memory, Jordan Spieth re-affirmed that he is very much the man to beat around Augusta National , storming to a two-shot first round lead .
And getting everybody together makes for a lively atmosphere, as the track and field teams can be pretty separate. The first two outdoor meets of the season were canceled because of an unusually cold start to the spring season. Ashton Unruh looked good in a second place finish in the high jump , where she cleared 4 feet, 10 inches. Senior Alyssa Cox cleared 8-0, good for second in the pole vault .
He's been named the Egyptian King, has Liverpool's attacking maestro Mohamed Salah , scoring 29 goals in 31 league games this season while also playing a significant role in the Reds' 3-0 demolition of Manchester City in the first leg of their Champions League quarter-final with a goal and an assist.
The women's team, the Fighting Irish from the University of Notre Dame , beat Mississippi State University on Easter 61-58, thanks to Arike Ogunbowale's dramatic, three-point shot with less than one second left on the clock. He called it "one of the great memories of my life". Adjustments give the game an average 16.5 million viewers, likely a biproduct of the blow-out score - the most lopsided for a NCAA Championship in over two decades.
South Africa's deadly pacer, Kagiso Rabada is the latest global cricketer to join the injury bandwagon as he has been ruled out of the Indian Premier League (IPL) 2018 with a back injury, confirmed the Proteas team manager. Viewers of state broadcaster Doordarshan will be able to watch some matches of the Indian Premier League (IPL) after Star India Pvt. With Rabada gone, it is obvious that the DareDevils, led by Gautam Gambhir , will be a bit weakened in the bowling department.
First Daniele de Rossi slid into his own net in a bid to keep the ball away from Lionel Messi, and then Kostas Manolas bundled another in, with Gerard Pique tapping in Barcelona's third. Liverpool goalkeeper Karius takes the number one position after keeping a tight ship at the back and, despite not having to face a shot at goal from Guardiola's City, gathered several crosses and loose balls in what was a demanding second half for The Reds.
But with the government making it clear that it will sell Air India, Air India Express and Air India's ground handling entity as one cohesive unit, IndiGo has decided that it was not worth pursuing the divestment process. The low-priced carrier had been one of the first parties to formally express interest in buying out Air India, albeit with plans to use its global routes and slots to launch into the long-haul market.
Is This The Bravest Reaction To A Dislocated Ankle?
Would he have to withdraw? Cleared to play if he didn't mind the pain. Popular in Polynesian culture, fire-knife dancing is exactly what it sounds like. "There are things behind closed doors that people don't know about that we don't talk about that can cause you to be in a good or bad frame of mind".


How much should one sleep?
How Much Sleep An Spiritual Aspirant Need?
Sleep is the nature's tonic for a man to lead a healthy life. More sound the sleep will be, healthier he would be.
A man works hard in the daytime to earn his living and gets what he deserves. In Yogic terminology, we can say that he is tossed about hither and thither by the two currents RAGA – DVESHA. So he gets tired. His nerves, his brain his body needs rest. Nature has made arrangements for it. She takes him to sleep. She takes him to her bosom at night to soothe his tired nerves and brain, to supply him back with the fresh energy, vigor, and health, so in the next morning, he is again ready to continue his activities. Sleep is a physiological phenomenon for his health care during which both the physical body and the mental body gets the rest. There is a temporary absorption of the mind into its cause – the Avidya.
The Rishis, Sages, and Vedantins have made a vast study into the sleep. This study has made them reach a conclusion about the state of deep sleep. It is the all-blissful Atma, which is the silent witness of that state, the state of deep sleep. They say that the mind assumes a seed like state, when in the state of deep sleep. The Samskaras, which are the impressions that men have accumulated over a period of time, during different births, becomes latent. The Vasana become latent. All Vrittis do subside. The mind that was working throughout the day, when he was awake, moves through the Sushumna Nadi into the heart, and then rest on Atma.
Vedanta further says that the seed body, which is the Karan Shareera, or the Anandmaya Kosha (blissful sheath) is active during the sleep. The Jeeva is very near to the Atma, the all-blissful soul. What separates them both is a thin veil of ignorance.
How much should one sleep? The hours of sleep necessary depend on one's physical and mental capacity for resisting fatigue. It also varies with age, temperament, and amount of work done. There is an old adage: "There should be six hours of sleep for a man, seven hours of sleep for a woman and eight hours for a fool". It is also a fact that as the age advances, people require lesser sleep. A child generally requires 10 hours of sleep whereas an old man above the age of 60 may require just 5 hours of sleep. People working very hard may require 8 hours of sleep. For an average individual, sleep for six hours may be quite sufficient.
An old saying goes as: "Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise". Perfect sleep will be when one goes to bed at 10 pm and get up at 4 am. Too much sleep makes a man lethargic, dull, lazy and premature decay and weakens the brain power. There is no use if one keep on rolling in the bed for hours. The most important requirement for a healthy man is to have a quality and sound sleep. A sound dreamless sleep for even a couple of hours will make him totally refresh and energetic.
There should be a good cross-ventilation available in a bedroom. All the windows should be kept well opened. More the oxygen one inhales during sleep, more refreshed he will be throughout the following day. Never take the sleeping pills to come out of sleep problems or sleep disorders. Take a brisk walk in open air for 15 minutes, practice five rounds of Anulom-Vilom pranayama (Nadi-Shodhan Pranayama), practice 7 to 10 rounds of Bhramari Pranayama, sing bhajans praising the God with full devotion and then go to bed. Some prayers or sublime slokas of Bhagavad Gita or even Upanishads can be repeated before going to sleep. Mantra Japa can be done or even meditation can be done. A sound, natural and refreshing sleep is ensured by this.
Always take a light dinner. Do not eat too late. Digestion takes place during sleep. Sleep on the sides. For the digestion sleep on the left side. This will allow the right nostril, which is also called Surya Nadi, to be active, which in turn will help to stimulate the digestive system helping in easy digestion of food. Complete fasting helps control the sleep. The time of sleep should always be fixed. Loose clothes should be worn.
Keeping awake throughout the night is called vigil. The practice of vigil on Maha Shivratri, Makar Sankranti and Janmashtmi can be great for a devotee or a Yoga practitioner as he derives a lot of benefits as far as his sadhana is concerned. The vigil can be practiced on every Ekadashi also.
Those spiritual aspirants who want to practice rigorous sadhana should have a control over their sleep and reduce their period of sleep gradually and step by step. Instead of 10 pm, go to the bed at 10.30 pm and get up at 4 am and continue this for three months. Reduce further the period of sleep by half an hour and go to sleep at 11 pm. In this manner keep on reducing the time of sleep until a period of 4 hours of sleep is reached. Such aspirants can get real rest from the practice of meditation. A spiritual aspirant should not sleep during daytime.
If someone does not get a good sleep in the night and suffers from insomnia, there are chances that he might be aging faster. He feels lethargic, lesser energy levels and not exactly feel at the top of the world. His thinking is confused and muddled. So practice Yoga and have a sound sleep, a must for a Yoga practitioner.


text:
Lan Facts
Facts related to "Lan"
Anna May Wong, who is widely regarded as the first mainstream Chinese-American actress in Hollywood, auditioned for the role of O-Lan in "The Good Earth," but did not get the part because the producer tasked with casting did not find her "beautiful enough" for the role. vanityfair.com/hollywood/…
👤 u/Niknak003
About the Trojan Room coffee pot at the University of Cambridge which is said to be the inspiration for the first webcam. In 1991 it put a live picture of the office coffee pot on peoples desktops pc's of the local office LAN so people wouldn't make a wasted trip. bbc.com/news/technology-2…
👤 u/TheSturgeonExpress
Along with WANs and LANs there are BANs -- Body Area Networks -- systems where communication between implanted or word devices is entirely within, on, and in the immediate proximity of a human body en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bod…
👤 u/Mike_ZzZzZ
Today I learned about San Lan Wu. She made important contributions towards the discovery of the J/psi particle, which provided experimental evidence for the existence of the charm quark, and the gluon, the vector boson of the strong force in the Standard Model of physics. wikipedia.org/wiki/Sau_La…
👤 u/GreyJedi56
Cuba has an illegal underground network of computers mimicking the internet essentially making it the worlds largest LAN party youtube.com/watch?v=FFPjJ…
👤 u/TubbyMcFuckles
Vegetables as different as cabbage, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, kale and kai lan are all artificial cultivars of the same species: Brassica oleracea. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bra…
👤 u/delta_p_delta_x
Power-line adapters turn your home's electrical wiring into a high speed network and use that to transfer Internet data instead of LAN cables. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pow…
👤 u/i_rnb
StreetNet- the local network that replicated the internet in Cuba- was started because a bunch of gamers wanted to play together over LAN. youtu.be/FFPjJM6yYS8
👤 u/Donnel_
Chinese actress Lan Yan's stage name is Crazybarby en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lan…
👤 u/JamesKWayne
France had a nationwide LAN in the 70s that lasted until 2012 using VDTs. nytimes.com/2012/06/28/wo…
👤 u/Jed118
The Creole word "lagniappe", pronounced "lan-yap", is a word that means something extra given free by a seller when purchasing something. An example is getting 13 donuts when you buy a dozen. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lag…
👤 u/TranshumansFTW
In 2011 Dreamhack in Sweden (Worlds largest LAN-party) built together with Cisco and Telia an internet connection with speeds up to 120 Gigabits per second. wired.co.uk/news/archive/…
👤 u/Jkbhj
A Rocket Festival, Bun Bang Fai, is a merit-making ceremony traditionally practiced by ethnic Lao people. The Rockets come in various sizes, the extremely large as well as extremely expensive and extremely dangerous; Bang Fai Lan are nine metres long and charged with 120 kg of black powder. youtu.be/m1J1WpJVjnQ
👤 u/ABKB
The CSIRO, Australia's leading research organization developed Wireless LAN csiro.au/Outcomes/ICT-and…
👤 u/Fenr-i-r
Playing Diablo 3 in a South Korean Lan Gaming Center grants XP or Magic Find bonus. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC_…
👤 u/Kabraxis
Sang Lan, a gymnast paralyzed in the 1998 Goodwill games has filed lawsuits totalling 1.8 Billion dollars and has now gone from "beloved Smiling Angel" to being ranked in an online poll of China's Top 10 Most Disgusting Figures wantchinatimes.com/news-s…
👤 u/DrThoss
Today I learned that Harry Pyle, an engineer who worked on what many consider the first PC at Datapoint, not to mention the first commercial LAN, also worked on the home automation system for Bill Gates' mansion legacy.com/obituaries/san…
👤 u/swellboy
The cracks in the sidewalk are added to allow flexibility for thermal expansion youtu.be/pH7VfJDq7f4?t=18…
👤 u/IAmAFlightlessBird
Within hours of its release in 1993 the video game DOOM was banned from numerous university networks as a rush of players overwhelmed their systems with deathmatches en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doo…
👤 u/DrScientist812
Counter strike was a mod of half-life created by two programmers which was released in 1999. Due to the popularity of the mod, sales for half-life went up and, subsequently, the two friends were hired by valve who also acquired the game's intellectual property. wikipedia.org/wiki/Counte…
👤 u/blegh_argh
During the 1990's Joe Rogan paid $10,000 per month to have a T1 internet connection installed in his house in order to play Quake without dealing with lag youtube.com/watch?v=bVBDi…
👤 u/TokingMessiah
Wi-Fi doesn't stand for anything; it's a made up word. "IEEE 802.11' didn't have much of a ring to it, and the industry association wanted a catchy name. They came up with wi-fi, and that's what's been used ever since." scientificamerican.com/ar…
👤 u/thecatsmilkdish
A small group of people is remaking the classic 1994 video game, Descent, into the up to date UDK engine. preparefordescent.com/abo…
👤 u/AgentRG
The Wheel of Time book series took 23 years and 2 authors to complete en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The…
👤 u/postuumi
The Apple Store on Fifth Avenue in New York is open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/App…
👤 u/ClockMultiplier
Australian prisoners can have personal computers in their cells. justice.vic.gov.au/wps/wc…
👤 u/Thereian
Europeans will have a mock Mars mission with 6 men spending over 500 days in a 1000 sq ft pod. telegraph.co.uk/science/s…
👤 u/ChadLeNose
Bell is essentially providing Canadians with Dialup speed!
With a 20GB Cap your effective bandwidth is 0.064Mbps or 65Kbps. Which is just slightly above 56K ratings of modems.
1Mbps=0.125MB/s (8 Mega*bits* per Mega*byte*)
=0.000122 GB/second
=0.4395 GB/Hour
=10.547 GB/Day
=316 GB/Month (30 day month)
So for each Mbps you should be able to download 316GB/Month in theory.
If you invert this you get a factor of 0.0032:
So for every GB of bandwidth they give you, your effective bandwidth is 0.0032Mbps.
Bell gives you 20GB (from last I looked), so 20*0.0032=0.064Mbps /1024 means: you have an effective bandwidth of 65kbps
Welcome back to the dial up days folks! What you could download in the early 90's is essentially the same as what you can download today.
So remember to find your effective bandwidth, multiply the number of GB they give you by 0.0032
(To find how many GB you should have multiply your Mbps by 316)
CAP     EFFECTIVE MONTHLY BANDWIDTH (30 DAYS)
2GB     6.4Kpps    (typical Cellular plan)
60GB     129Kbps   (fairly common cap, especially with Cable)
120GB     384Kbps    (Higher End caps with many providers)
250GB     0.8Mbps    (Tech Savvy's low cap, considered quite generous)
SPEED        THEORETICAL MONTHLY CAP (30 DAYS)
56Kbps        31GB  (Dial-up Speeds)
512Kbps      158GB (Introductory Speeds)
1Mbps        316GB (Often categorized as the minimum speed to be called "high speed")
5Mbps       1580GB (Planned CRTC minimum available download speed, Typical DSL speed)
10Mbps          3TB (High End DSL speed, Readily available Cable Speed)
16Mbps          5TB (Premium Cable speed)
100Mbps         32TB(Older LAN speed, some countries offer this with fiber optic)
1Gbps       316TB (Gigabit, typical LAN speed these days)
TL;DR - With the default cap essentially you can't download anymore than you could've (in theory) 15-20 years ago. (Of course then you'd have to have your phone line dialed in all the time, so there has been some improvement)
edit: Here's a fun new calculation, at 5Mbps, you are paying $4.40 an hour (at full speed) for your overages (based on $2/GB Overage)
👤 u/quentinp
Local area network: A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university ...
Lan: Lan or LAN may also refer to: Local asymptotic normality, a fundamental property of regular models in statistics Longitude of the ascending node, one of ...
Län: Län (Swedish, IPA: [ˈlɛːn] (listen)), lääni (Finnish, IPA: [ˈlæːni]) and len (Norwegian), IPA: [leːn]) refer to the administrative divisions used in Sweden ...
Wake-on-LAN: wake on WAN, remote wake-up, power on by LAN, power up by LAN, resume by LAN, resume on LAN and wake up on LAN. If the computer being awakened is communicating ...
Lan Na: The Lan Na or Lan Na Kingdom (Northern Thai: , pronounced [ʔaː.naː.tɕǎk.láːn.naː], "Kingdom of a Million Rice Fields"; Thai: อาณาจักรล้านนา, RTGS: Anachak ...
wlan factslocal area network factsmei factsying factstai factsfong factsethernet factswifi factslam factsrong factslin factschao factschu factsshan factsching factsyue factswan factsnetwork factslocal factsvlan facts


Approximately every six to eight weeks, Scholastic Reading Club flyers are sent home. The flyers are generally not sent home when near a scheduled book fair. The Scholastic Reading Club program benefits your scholar, the teachers' classroom libraries and the Liz Warner Library.
Order forms may be returned with a check may payable to Scholastic. Or, if you prefer doing business online, you may use your debit or credit card.
All Scholastic Reading Club books are shipped directly to the Academy, and your scholar's books are either hand-delivered to his or her classroom or picked up in the library.


Develop your problem-solving, Water Smart and decision– making skills with this program!
Continue your lifeguard training in this class, where you will learn waterfront search skills, first aid skills and contact rescues.
Water spinals, submerged victim rescues, team rescue skills and treatment of complex injuries are taught in this level.
Take your lifesaving training to the next level! If you are planning to be a professional lifeguard or looking for more comprehensive first aid and lifesaving training, Aquatic Emergency Care (AEC) will give you the edge. AEC provides hands-on training in the care of injuries and illness common to both aquatic and non-aquatic settings.
National Lifeguards guards are always in training to keep their skills, knowledge and fitness sharp. They are required to keep other important certifications such as CPR and first aid up-to-date. Some are trained in advanced treatments like using oxygen or in the use of specialized equipment like defibrillators and personal watercraft. National Lifeguard is Canada's only nationally recognized lifeguard certification program.
Lifesaving Instructors/ Examiners are trained to teach and evaluate the three Canadian Swim Patrol Program awards, as well as the Bronze Star, Bronze Medallion, Bronze Cross, and Distinction certifications. Instructor/ Examiner candidates are trained in aspects of learning as well as various approaches required to teach water rescue, first aid, and related aquatic skills in the Canadian Lifesaving Program. Candidates also learn about long-range and short-term planning, class management, safety supervision and the principles of evaluation.
The Lifesaving Instructor/ Examiner certification is the prerequisite for all other Lifesaving Society instructor certifications. Certification in Alberta & Northwest Territories includes Advanced Instructor, Examination Standards Clinic, and Lifesaving CPR Instructor/ Examiner certifications.
Prerequisites: 16 years of age by the end of the course; Bronze Cross or NL certification (need not be current).
Candidates have first-hand experience observing real progressions and swimmer skills with a mix of personalities in the same class.
Candidates have a frame of reference to reflect on and link to the theory of the course.
This component follows the teaching experience and furthers instructional ability by focusing on how to effectively plan, teach, and evaluate the Red Cross Swim Programs. This is where we consolidate candidates' knowledge and experience from the online and teaching experience components so they are ready to take on their first Red Cross Swim Program. Here the candidates will also complete a variety of practice-teaching exercises teaching their peer candidates. If available the practice-teaching exercises can also be conducted using actual swimmers in an existing program.


Have you been looking for the right Knoxville deck company to help you transform your outdoor living space.
At Decks Of America of Knoxville, TN, we design and install custom patios, decks, and arbors. Along with being the finest deck and patio contractors around, we also put customer service as our highest priority.
As the premiere Deck Contractor in the Knoxville and the surrounding areas, we take ownership and pride in our work. We use only the finest materials (unless otherwise desired). We are experts in building custom decks, patios, arbors and more.
Having completed thousands of successful projects, our team has a wealth of knowledge and experience from many years of service. We like to think the work speaks for itself, but our customers help us out by spreading the word about their great new patio or deck!
Decks of America takes great pride in building custom decks in Knoxville TN for your home that will help you make memories with family and friends for years to come.
Add some shade to your new or existing deck; many options include hip gable and single slope patio covers.
Are you tired of keeping your boat at the marina? Well Decks of America has you covered! We take great pride in building beautiful and safe docks in Knoxville TN and throughout east Tennessee for you and your family to enjoy on those hot summer days.
Decks of America's superior craftsmanship can provide you with custom woodwork to add to your outdoor entertainment area! Whether you are looking to add arbors, built in seating or pergolas, we have you covered!
Decks Of America builds close to 1000 decks a year. We also build patio covers and arbors. We are located in Knoxville, Tennessee and we service the surrounding areas as well. We are licensed and insured and have a full design team to help you design a deck to fit your needs and your budget. We build all types of decks including cedar, treated pine, ipe, cumaru and composites. We would love to give you a free estimate and let one of our designers show you how to make your backyard the most comfortable room in the home.
Very professional and hands on. The major renovation of our bathroom was everything we wanted and hoped for. Thank you, Carlos.
Decks Of America is an excellent company that strives to fully satisfy. This was the only company that truly listened to what I wanted and helped me navigate through any problems that surfaced.
Longhorn Renovations was extremely professional right from the get-go. They were very accommodating over the phone and professional at all times. (Summary: Professional, Affordable, Insured, Clean & Great Work/Service).
Whether you are embarking on the process of building a deck or other outdoor structure or just doing research for a future project, Decks Of America will gladly provide you with as much information as we can. If you are unable to find what you need here, please feel free to Contact Us.
We love what we do, and our work shows it.
On time, and on budget. Our deck builders work hard to get the job done right the first time on time.
With many years of experience, we take great pride in our work. We strive to do outdo ourselves from one job to the next.
Content will go hear talking about the franchise opportunities.
We strive to provide you with the highest level of professionalism, reliability, attention to detail, and integrity.


text:
tributes Sept. 19, 2016
The Minnesota Vikings Had a 'Purple Rain' Sing-along for Prince at Halftime
By Dee Lockett
The Minnesota Vikings never meant to cause you any sorrow or pain, but they just couldn't hold a home opener in the team's new stadium without paying respect to Prince. How do you do justice to the man who gave one of the Super Bowl's all-time greatest halftime shows? With a personalized version of one of his most famous songs, in front of his entire city, that's how. The Minnesota Orchestra — joined by members of Prince's band, the New Power Generation, and gospel group the Steeles — honored Prince with a halftime sing-along to "Purple Rain." The stadium was lit in purple while his silhouette from that very same Super Bowl was displayed on the field. As if that wasn't enough to invoke the spirit of His Purpleness, the stadium's first official touchdown happened on a pass from the Packers' Aaron Rodgers to Jordy Nelson. Eerie! But not to worry — of course, the Vikings won.
Minnesota Vikings Honored Prince at Halftime


text:
EastEnders star takes to stage as panto returns to Dunstable
Charlie Brooks with Joseph Elliott and Richard David-Caine
Peter Ormerod
Published: 14:50 Monday 19 November 2018
Television star Charlie Brooks takes to the stage in Dunstable next month for the Grove Theatre pantomime Snow White.
Charlie rose to prominence playing the role of Janine Butcher in EastEnders. Her portrayal earned her National Television Award nominations as both Most Popular Newcomer and Most Popular Actress, alongside numerous other nominations and wins.
Charlie's other extensive television credits include Robin Hood, Love Soup, Angel of Death and Bleak House (all for BBC), Suspects (Channel 5) and Wired (ITV). On stage, Charlie received critical acclaim for her portrayal of Blanche in A Streetcar Named Desire (Curve, Leicester) and as Sandra in Beautiful Thing (Arts Theatre, London and national our), among others.
As herself, Charlie has appeared on numerous television shows, including The Chase: Celebrity Special; Celebrity Juice; Strictly Come Dancing Christmas Special; Harry Hill's Alien Fun Capsule; Loose Women and I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here, which she won in 2012.
Charlie will play the role of Queen Ivannah in Snow White. The cast also includes Joseph Elliott as Muddles and Richard David-Caine as Herman the Henchman.
Snow White runs from Friday. December 7, to Monday, December 31.
Tickets start at £15.50. Call 01582 60 20 80 or visit www.grovetheatre.co.uk to book.
Zookeepers conduct annual stocktake at ZSL Whipsnade Zoo
Disabled woman thrown off scooter and pinned to ground by thugs in terrifying Dunstable robbery
Man killed on Luton-Dunstable Busway
Reduced hours for Dunstable off-licence alleged to have been catalyst for crime wave
Police hunt Dunstable man over string of violent assaults in Luton
New Post Office coming to Dunstable
More from Dunstable Today


text:
Helene, também conhecido como Saturno XII ou Dione B, é um satélite natural de Saturno. Foi descoberto por Pierre Laques e Jean Lecacheux em 1980, em observações terrestres feitas no Observatório Pic du Midi, e recebeu a designação provisória . Em 1988 foi nomeado oficialmente a partir de Helena de Troia, que foi a neta de Cronos (Saturno) na mitologia grega. Helene é co-orbital com Dione e está localizado em seu ponto de Lagrange L4.

Referências

Luas de Saturno


lending library ⋆ all birth.
The following books and materials are available for you to borrow. It can be costly to purchase all of these materials so please feel comfortable to ask to borrow.
Clients located in Kelowna can phone to have the book(s) delivered to your home.
If there is a book you would like to see added to this list please let me know and I will add it to the wish list. If you have a book that you are no longer using, but would like to share with others, I would gladly accept any donation.
Please take a look and happy reading!


text:
Q: WPF DataGrid bind DataGridTextColumn to DisplayNameAttribute I have binding to:
[DisplayName("שם יצרן")]
public string SHEM_YATZRAN { get; set; }

<toolkit:DataGridTextColumn x:Name="shemYatzranColumn"
    Binding="{Binding SHEM_YATZRAN}"
    Header="שם יצרן" />

I want to bind the Header to the DisplayName attribute
how to do it?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Who else would spray a can of silly string and try to light it on fire with me?
I have so much to say to you, but absolutely nothing to say at the same time. I mean how can I put into words what you mean to me and what all we've been through? You're my best friend, but you're also the boy I've had a (not so) secret crush on for the past 3 years.
From the very start of our friendship, everyone told us that we needed to date. Of course being the awkward youngins we were, we thought that idea was absurd. If only we knew what our friendship would become. We were never an "official item," but everyone knew we were the school's power couple. We were the epitome of relationship goals. Of course, this was when you weren't going after other girls, but we won't dwell on your mistakes. I'm just glad you knew that I would still be there waiting for you, even when you may have ignored me for them. Again, let's not dwell on your mistakes.
They say if you have a crush on someone for more than 4 months, then you've already fallen in love with that person. I would have to agree with them. I always thought that meant you were supposed to imagine yourself with them and a white picket fence, but I realized there are so many different ways to feel love. I love you because you are the person I know I can always talk to. I love you because you are the one that can always make me happy no matter what. I love you because you know everything there is to know about me. I love you because I know when I'm with you, I won't be judged. I love you because you are the best friend I could possibly ask for.
Through all of my ups and downs, you have always been the one I can count on. I know I will always be able to count on you, even if we haven't talked in years. I'm sure there will come a day when you find a girl that will replace me in your life, and I'll be fine with that because I will always be happy as long as you're happy.
I guess I should conclude this with apologizing for my abundance of emotions, but I think I had some things to tell you that I don't know if I could in person. I hope this doesn't scare you too much.


Dress up the simplest sponge cupcake in its party gear with these top-quality cupcake cases!
These eye-catching cases come in rich amber, sunshine yellow, bright pink and royal blue, and they tone in beautifully with our chevron goody bags.
Set of 100 cases in 4 different colours.


text:
Q: Question about the h-principle So generally we define a differential relation to be $\mathcal{R} \subset X^{(r)}.$ In the case that $X=M\times N$ is it possible to have $\mathcal{R}=X^{(1)}$? So in this case the formal solutions would be (my guess) just fiberwise linear bundle maps that covers a continuous map and the genuine (holonomic) solutions would be bundle maps that are the derivative of a  smooth map $f: M \to N$. In none of the books (Gromov, Eliashberg & Mishachev) i have seen they treat this case. Does this mean that the case $\mathcal{R}=X^{(1)}$ cannot be treated and what i said before is plainly wrong? On the other case, if something can be said, under what conditions the h-principle (lets say surjectiveness of $\pi_0$ ) holds?

A: Yes, it is possible to have $\mathcal{R}=X^{(1)}$, i.e. to have a system of partial differential equations that consists of no equations at all. Then as you say the formal solutions are sections of $X^{(1)} \to M$, while the holonomic solutions are sections of $X \to M$. The surjectivity is obvious, since the fibers of $X^{(1)} \to X$ are affine spaces (which Gromov points out, but you can check as an exercise), so contractible, so $\pi_0$ is onto, i.e. if you have no differential equations to solve then nothing interesting in PDE happens.
To explain the notation, $p \colon X \to M$ is a fiber bundle (or maybe something more general, but this is good enough) and $X^{(1)}$ is the set of pairs $(m,x,u)$ so that $m \in M$, $x \in X_m$, $u \colon T_m M \to T_x X$ is a linear map so that $p'(x) \circ u \colon T_m M \to T_m M$ is the identity linear map. Every section $s \colon M \to X$ gives a section $s' \colon M \to X^{(1)}$ by differentiating. A section $M \to X^{(1)}$ is holonomic if it is $s'$ for some $s$.