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Ilocos Norte Gov. Michael M. Keon hosted the 8th Governor's Ball on 14 November 2009 at the Ilocos Norte Hotel and Convention Center for the benefit of Gameng Foundation that operates Museo Ilocos Norte. In his opening remarks, Gov. Keon underlined the importance of heritage and culture, citing the various accomplishments of the museum, which is also celebrating its 10th anniversary this year.
The event was doubly meaningful as it also served as the soft opening of the hotel and convention center. Rep. Ferdinand R. Marcos, Jr. of the second district of the province, who initiated the hotel and convention center during his last term as governor, expressed his hope that the new facility will spur further growth in tourist arrivals in the province, aside from providing employment to his provincemates. He informed the appreciative crowd of more than 400 guests that a great majority of the labor and management personnel of the hotel and convention center will be sourced locally.
Three outstanding artisans were awarded the Gameng Lifetime Achievement Award (gameng is the Iloko word for "treasure") for their contributions to local culture: Rosalina Baldugo Abrojena of Paoay, proprietor and owner of the Nana Rosa original cornick brand; Benito Calingay Agbucar of Carasi, master basket maker; and Modesto Domingo Juan of Sarrat, master of the tambor (drum). Gameng Foundation Chair Irene M. Araneta joined the governor and congressman in presenting the awards.
That talented duo of Glenda Barreto and Claude Tayag conceptualized the unique dinner menu for the ball, which was preapared by the local trio of chefs and restaurateurs – Pam Aragoza (owner of La Preciosa Restaurant), Sam Blas (owner of Saramsam Café) and Eya Cabanos (owner of Mom's Country Kitchen).


text:
Q: Plotting 3D Cube from Center I wanted to plot a 3D Cube of Size 1.0 and return a dictionary of Coordinates if the center coordinate is provided.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
#Concept.py

def printer(Coordinates):
    A = B = C = 1.0
    X,Y,Z = Coordinates
    S = 1.0
    Q = 1.0
    O2 = [X,Y,Z]
    O1 = [X, Y - S, Z]
    O3 = [X, Y + S, Z]
    A1 = [X - Q, Y - Q, Z - Q]
    B1 = [X + Q, Y - Q, Z - Q]
    C1 = [X + Q, Y - Q, Z + Q]
    D1 = [X - Q, Y - Q, Z + Q]
    E1 = [X,     Y - Q, Z - Q]
    F1 = [X + Q, Y - Q, Z]
    G1 = [X,     Y - Q, Z + Q]
    H1 = [X - Q, Y - Q, Z]
    A2 = [X - S, Y, Z - S]
    B2 = [X + S, Y, Z - S]
    C2 = [X + S, Y, Z + S]
    D2 = [X - S, Y, Z + S]
    E2 = [X,         Y,   Z - S]
    F2 = [X + S,     Y,   Z]
    G2 = [X,         Y,   Z + S]
    H2 = [X - S,     Y,   Z]
    A3 = [X - Q ,Y + Q, Z - Q]
    B3 = [X + Q ,Y + Q, Z - Q]
    C3 = [X + Q ,Y + Q, Z + Q]
    D3 = [X - Q ,Y + Q, Z + Q]
    E3 = [X,     Y + Q, Z - Q]
    F3 = [X + Q, Y + Q, Z]
    G3 = [X,     Y + Q, Z + Q]
    H3 = [X - Q, Y + Q, Z]
#    print A1, B1, C1, D1, E1,
#    print F1, G1, H1, O1, A2,
#    print B2, C2, D2, E2, F2,
#    print G2, H2,A3, B3, C3,
#    print D3, E3, F3, G3, H3, O3
    fig = plt.figure()
    ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

    h = [A1, B1, C1, D1, E1, F1, G1, H1, O1,
        A2, B2, C2, D2, E2, F2, G2, H2,
        A3, B3, C3, D3, E3, F3, G3, H3, O3]
    hx, hy, hz = zip(*h)
    ax.plot(hx,hy,hz, "o-")
    hold = {"A1": A1,  "B1": B1,  "C1": C1,  "D1": D1,
            "E1": E1,  "F1": F1,  "G1": G1,  "H1": H1,
            "O1": O1,  "A2": A2,  "B2": B2,  "C2": C2,
            "D2": D2,  "E2": E2,  "F2": F2,  "G2": G2,
            "H2": H2,  "A3": A3,  "B3": B3,  "C3": C3,
            "D3": D3,  "E3": E3,  "F3": F3,  "G3": G3,
            "H3": H3,  "O3": O3}
    plt.show()
    return {i:eval(i) for i in hold}

printer([0,0,0])

I wanted the result look like:

Problem:
1.) It is returning the Error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "concept.py", line 59, in <module>
    printer([0,0,0])
  File "concept.py", line 57, in printer
    return {i:eval(i) for i in hold}
  File "concept.py", line 57, in <dictcomp>
    return {i:eval(i) for i in hold}
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'O3' is not defined

2.) Though the The plot is showing:

PS: I am aware of Python/matplotlib : plotting a 3d cube, a sphere and a vector?. But I don't know how to get coordinates from there or define my center.

A: You should probably use an algorithmic approach instead of hard coding it. More compact (probably) and less mistakes that way. Probably best to define the points as the start point, center point and end point of the lines rather than defining the points then defining the lines. Looking from the top down counterclockwise the pattern is simply ["A","E","B","F","C","G","D","H","A"]. So the lines horizontal lines are AEB (1-3), BFC (1-3), CGD (1-3), and DHA (1-3).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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IOTA Predictions 2018 - Is this a Good Time to Buy IOTA?
IOTA Latest News & Price Predictions: IOTA Cryptocurrency which skyrockets a few days ago to $6 now dropped to $3. Many investors claimed they are throwing fake and unofficial information about IOTA to raise the price. Dominik Schiener made a comment about all the discussions that were going on regarding IOTA and Microsoft partnership.
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text:
G. M. Fowler
Population Ecology Division, Bedford Inst. of Oceanography, Dept. Fisheries & Oceans, Canada
Dartmouth, NS, Canada B2Y 4A2. Email: Mark.Fowler@dfo-mpo.gc.ca
FOWLER, G. M. 2011. Old and Older Perceptions of the Migrations and Distribution of Haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, in Northwest Atlantic Waters from Tagging Conducted in the Bay of Fundy, Georges Bank, Scotian Shelf, and the Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence. J. Northw. Atl. Fish. Sci., 43: 137–157. doi:10.2960/J.v43.m676
An overview of tagging studies on haddock conducted since the 1920s demonstrates an erosion of population components, partially mirrored by progressive changes in perceived commercial fishery stock structure through time. In Canadian waters our fisheries likely started with five or more discrete populations, of which only two populations remain clearly discernible. The two survivors are highly migratory populations that spend the winter offshore, only coming inshore in warmer months. It is indeterminate if any non-migratory inshore haddock populations still exist.
Keywords: haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, tagging, migrations, distribution, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Bay of Fundy, Georges Bank, Scotia Shelf
© the Crown in right of Canada, 2011
Most of our perceptions of the discreteness, seasonal movements, and dispersal of haddock populations from the Gulf of Maine to the Gulf of St. Lawrence are based on tagging studies carried out by Canada and the US in the 1920s (Needler, 1930; Schroeder, 1942) and scientists of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada during the 1950s. Subsequent tagging studies have been conducted and some likely used in an ad hoc fashion to refine these views, but without formal analysis or publication of results. Thus the stock delineations currently applied by assessors and managers of haddock fisheries are largely based on the earlier work. Some of the unpublished work was quickly or informally examined to provide timely answers in support of fisheries management, knowledge being lost to expediency.
Also over the course of the many decades that have passed since the baseline tagging studies were conducted, the various population components of haddock throughout the northwest Atlantic have experienced many changes as a result of fishing pressure. Previously dominant components of haddock populations that supported major fisheries have diminished to commercial irrelevance. We sometimes even forget the existence of earlier haddock stocks, currently active fisheries overwhelming our purview of the distribution and abundance of haddock populations. This might lead us to disregard some long-term potentials of recovery strategies, perhaps focusing too much of our attention on those haddock supporting fisheries at the present time.
In this paper all the available data from tagging studies conducted on haddock throughout Canadian waters west of Newfoundland between 1953 and 1985 are examined. This provides a composite of previously unpublished tagging results from the 1980s with the data from a number of separately published studies for the 1950s tagging. Fresh insights from the 1980s tagging, the wider scope of several studies, and new approaches to analysis of tagging data, may enhance our understanding of haddock populations.
Areas of interest in the context of haddock movements and fisheries are variously discussed in terms of common place names (a bay, basin, bank, channel, etc.) or the ICNAF Unit Areas familiar to those involved in fishery resource assessments. Whichever location descriptors seem to work best for a given situation are used, so Fig. 1 is provided as a general map of the regions of interest, with both common and NAFO/ICNAF identifiers, and hopefully sufficient depth contouring to discern major features without too much clutter.
The many tagging studies discussed in this paper are depicted in Figs. 2–5 and summarized in Table 1. A detailed tabular representation of releases and associated recoveries is provided in an Appendix. Further background information on these studies is provided by Stobo and Fowler (2006). Other, minor, tagging events for which no recoveries were obtained are not shown. A few studies, for which the recoveries were considered too few to interpret, are labelled in italics in Figs. 2–5 and noted as 'Not Examined' in the Appendix.
Some of the historical tagging studies of the 1950s and 1960s were characterized by one or more of four features that subsequent tagging research has demonstrated can confound interpretations of tag return data. These four features comprise:
Not considering the higher likelihoods of recovery with proximity in time to the tagging event. Treating immediate recoveries as equal in import to later recoveries can exaggerate the perception of recoveries from the tagging area.
Terminating consideration of recoveries after a couple of years. Sometimes a pattern of movement is not apparent, or may appear as marginal dispersal, if recoveries are interpreted too soon after tagging. Such movements can become more pronounced with annual redundancy over a longer time period. As well, some movements may not be initiated until an animal attains a certain size or age that does not occur until a few years post-tagging. And finally, receipt of hoarded tags post-analysis can change the picture, especially if well-documented by a fisherman (e.g. the hobby of collecting and taping tags to a sheet with annotations like locations, size, etc.).
Disregarding unplottable recoveries. Disregarding unplottable recoveries (no latitude/longitude) in favour of recoveries lending themselves conveniently to plotting. Very often an unplottable recovery will still be known to the precision of unit area. And in some cases the likelihood of a plottable location being provided was systematically biased according to the types of fisheries involved, and these in turn were sometimes associated with non-overlapping geographic areas.
Over-aggregating the seasonal scale of recoveries. A discrete but rapid movement may be masked if recoveries are summarized over periods of several months.
The tagging data, inclusive of recoveries made subsequently to earlier interpretations or publications for studies conducted between 1953 and 1973, were assessed in the form of monthly recovery plots and tabular summaries. The monthly plots were aggregated over years, and recoveries within 3 months of tagging (termed immediate recaptures) were not plotted. The tables detail the recoveries by year, month and ICNAF Unit Area if possible (NAFO Subarea or Division if nothing more precise), and included immediate and unplottable recaptures not represented by the figures. Lengths of fish when tagged (and sometimes when recovered) were also considered, and instances of tagging of immature fish were noted.
Seasonal spawning closures (typically March–May, sometimes including February) of critical portions of Browns Bank, Georges Bank, and the South Channel were implemented in 1970 (Halliday and Pinhorn, 1996), and are still in effect today. These are depicted on recovery plots for appropriate months by grey borders. Although they only inhibited recoveries with respect to the tagging in the 1980s, the closed areas are also identified in plots of historical recoveries to facilitate comparison between time periods. Another, permanent, closure referred to as the Haddock Box was implemented in Div. 4W (encompassing Western and Emerald Banks) in 1987, and is also still in effect today. This closure, initiated 2 years after the last tagging study in 1985, has not been identified in plots but should be borne in mind for the later years of recoveries from Browns Bank tagging.
An aspect of recapture probabilities, rarely encountered with open fisheries in Canadian Atlantic waters for the last few decades, is that the post-war Canadian fishery was relatively small, and not as cognizant of the locations of fish as they are today. Relative fishing effort among areas plays a crucial role in likelihoods of tag recoveries. Unfortunately the documentation of fishing effort in the earliest years of interest to us, the 1950s and early 1960s, lacks the geographic detail available today. To build as coherent a picture as possible, the ICNAF Statistical Bulletins for 1953–1959 (ICNAF, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1958, 1959) were coupled with anecdotal information gleaned from Canadian Research Reports for 1958–1962 (Martin, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962), both annual series during the period. The Statistical Bulletins only documented catches by what we call today NAFO Division and Subarea, not the finer-scale ICNAF Unit Areas that were later determined necessary to interpret fishing trends. The catch reporting system was also focused on large international fisheries, such that important details of the smaller Canadian fishery are absent, especially with respect to inshore gears. Landings in later years were derived from Van Eeckhaute and Brodziak (2005) for Div. 5Zj and 5Zm, Hurley et al., (1998) and O'Boyle et al., (1982) for Div. 4X, and Frank et al., (MS 1997) for Div. 4TVW. The combined landings information for both periods (Table 2) was used subjectively, not quantitatively. The earlier years could not be considered for weighting by effort, as catch data was only documented to the geographic precision of Division and Subarea (Unit Area is essential for weighting haddock recoveries). By the 1980s all areas where haddock occurred were intensively fished unless closed, and no improvement in our ability to decipher tag returns by weighting for effort could be discerned.
Initially, an attempt is made to portray the results of tagging studies from the 1950s and 1960s in the context in which they were perceived at the time. Then previously unpublished results of the tagging studies conducted in the 1980s are summarized. Finally the earlier tagging studies are revisited, adjusting interpretations where appropriate for post-publication recoveries, biases due to immediate recoveries, disregarded (unplottable) recoveries, disaggregated months of recovery, and insights provided by the subsequent 1980s tagging.
Review of Historical Tagging
The earliest tagging studies in the 1920s, conducted by both US and Canadian scientists, were mostly dealt with by Needler (1930), with a followup by Schroeder (1942) with more focus on US tagging. These studies generally portrayed 3 major migratory populations of relevance to waters between Laurentian and Fundian Channels, and an indeterminate number of non-migratory inshore haddock populations along the coast of Nova Scotia from Digby to west of Cape Breton. Digby Neck and Shelbourne posed discernable candidates of inshore haddock populations, but there was limited tagging elsewhere along the coast. The three migratory populations comprised the Div. 5Y, 4X, and 4TVW stocks that are still perceived today. The Div. 5Y population was considered to be primarily resident in the Gulf of Maine but with a northerly summer migration that could introduce small numbers of haddock into the Bay of Fundy on the New Brunswick side (Div. 4Xs). The Div. 4X population summered in the Bay of Fundy area and wintered offshore on the western Scotian Shelf. The Div. 4TVW population summered in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and wintered offshore on the eastern Scotian Shelf.
Based on returns from haddock tagged near Cape Roseway (close inshore near Lockeport in DFO Unit Area Div. 4Xo) in the summer of 1953 (Fig. 2), McCracken (1956) purported a single, seasonally migrating, southwest Nova Scotia haddock population that supported both the summer inshore and winter offshore fisheries. There were very few returns from the Bay of Fundy, and none of these were summer recaptures, thus no suggestion of a link between summer inshore DFO Unit area 4Xo haddock and Bay of Fundy haddock. Northeasterly movements as far as Cape Breton were reported, but numbers were felt low enough to consider the DFO Unit area 4Xo haddock distinct from eastern Shelf haddock.
Tagging of haddock in Passamaquoddy Bay, in the north portion of the mouth of the Bay of Fundy in DFO Unit area 4Xs, in the winter of 1957 (Fig. 3) indicated that most of the haddock from the New Brunswick side of the Bay of Fundy overwintered in New England waters (primarily Jeffrey Ledge and South Channel in the western Gulf of Maine), returning to Passamaquoddy Bay in the summer (McCracken, 1960). As well about 15% of these haddock were recaptured from the Digby Neck and Browns Bank fisheries during the winter (December–May) of 1957–58, and this proportion increased to 40% over the following winter.
Interpretation of recoveries by McCracken (1963) of haddock tagged in the southern Gulf of St Lawrence (DFO Unit Areas 4Tfg) during the autumn of 1956 (Fig. 2) confirmed hypotheses that they represented a migratory population that over-wintered on the Scotian Shelf (Needler,1930), mostly in the vicinity of Sable Island Bank and Emerald Bank. The recovery rate was high enough to distinguish the timing and route of migration around Cape Breton, demonstrating that these fish supported the spring trap and autumn otter trawl haddock fisheries in the Cape Breton area.
The last major tagging studies on Scotia/Fundy haddock to be conducted and formally published prior to the 1980s focused on the autumn (November, 1963 and October, 1966) inhabitants of the Bay of Fundy in the vicinity of Digby Neck (the Nova Scotian side of the Bay, see Fig. 4). Returns indicated that many of these haddock overwintered offshore (mostly Browns Bank) while other mature haddock remained local, giving the impression of two stocks in the area over the summer. The haddock remaining inshore were confirmed as mature. Summer mixing was apparent with Passamaquoddy Bay haddock, but few recoveries extended into the Gulf of Maine (Halliday and McCracken, 1970).
Haddock were also tagged offshore on and around Browns Bank in the spring of 1957 (Fig. 3), on offshore banks of Div. 4W (Emerald, Western and Sable Island Banks) in March of 1959 and 1960 (Fig. 4), again off Digby Neck in June of 1973 (Fig. 4), and possibly again inshore near Cape Roseway in December of 1957 (Fig. 3). Results of these studies do not seem to have been formally published, however all but the 1973 Digby Neck tagging appear to have been reviewed, as documented by Martin (1960;1961;1962) in the Canadian Research Reports for 1959–1961. Very low and localized returns characterized the Scotian Shelf tagging. It was suggested that the poor recovery rate was due to high tagging mortality, a consequence of targeting spawning fish, with some further speculation of low fishing mortality. Although not explicitly stated, it is possible that the researchers of the time did not feel the Shelf tagging depicted haddock movements adequately to warrant a formal paper. The same reasoning may apply to the 1973 Digby tagging, which provided very few recoveries and added nothing to the earlier work.
The possible second Cape Roseway tagging, in 1957, is not mentioned in its own right. It may be that the alleged Cape Roseway tagging was mistaken logging of latitude and longitude, such that these were actually Passamaquoddy Bay haddock, although typical errors like shifting or crossing a degree digit is not involved. If indeed Cape Roseway tagging, then it was confused with the Passamaquoddy Bay tagging, as the number of Passamaquoddy Bay haddock quoted as tagged in both the 1957 and 1958 Canadian Research Reports (Martin, 1958; Martin, 1959) exceeds that of the recorded data by the same amount as the number of haddock recorded as tagged off Cape Roseway. The confirmed Passamaquoddy Bay haddock were tagged during October–November of 1957, and the dubious Cape Roseway haddock were tagged in December of 1957, the tag series a continuum over time. Inferring from the tag numbers and timing, all this tagging was likely conducted by the same vessel. A December Cape Roseway tagging is a possibility, and could have been accomplished as an unplanned afterthought on the way home to port, and as such may have been poorly documented. As recovery patterns were compatible with the confirmed Passamaquoddy Bay tagging, there is no concern that interpretations of the movements of Passamaquoddy Bay haddock might have been compromised. It is only unfortunate, if the tagging really was off Cape Roseway, as these haddock can be identified by their movements as the Passamaquoddy Bay population. This would have greatly improved our understanding of the possible migration routes taken by the Passamaquoddy Bay haddock that go to Browns Bank to overwinter rather than the Gulf of Maine, which remain highly speculative.
Martin (1962) provided a useful snapshot of perceptions of stock identities in the early 1960s. Summarizing interpretations of past tagging and biological studies, it was concluded that at least three and perhaps four major haddock stocks resided in NAFO Subarea 4. The northwest Div. 4Xs (Passamaquoddy Bay) haddock were considered a migratory component of the NAFO Subarea 5 (Gulf of Maine) haddock stock. Browns Bank haddock were perceived as a discrete stock that mixed with Bay of Fundy haddock in the summer. And eastern Scotian Shelf (NAFO Divisions 4W, 4V) haddock were regarded as a partially separate stock that might be further subdivided into resident inshore stocks and a migratory offshore component that moved into NAFO Divisions 4T (southern Gulf of St Lawrence) in the summer. A local (non-migratory) DFO Unit area 4Xr population, distinct from the migratory Passamaquoddy Bay/Gulf of Maine and Browns Bank/Bay of Fundy haddock populations, was the possible 4th major stock. The Passamaquoddy Bay and Digby Neck tagging studies provided much of the basis for treating Div. 4Xs haddock as part of the Gulf of Maine population, discrete from southwest Nova Scotia haddock, a stock definition that was used until 1998, when Div. 4Xs was treated as part of the southwest Nova Scotia haddock stock (Hurley et al., 1998). The summer residents of Div. 4Xr were included with the migratory Browns Bank/Bay of Fundy haddock throughout, so Canada treated Div. 4X haddock as comprised of two populations until 1998, and one population since that time. The southern Gulf of St Lawrence tagging provided much of the basis for the Div. 4TVW haddock stock definition, which is still in use.
Tagging in the 1980s
In 1982–1985 a new haddock tagging program was conducted by DFO in NAFO Divisions 4X and 5Z (Figs. 4 and 5), largely to answer questions related to potential transboundary issues involving Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank, Browns Bank, and Bay of Fundy haddock. The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) also tagged haddock in the US portions of Div. 5Y and 5Z to complete the picture. Canadian tagging efforts concentrated on spawning haddock during the spring (February–April) on Browns and Georges Banks, and on young summer (June) residents of St. Mary's Bay. This could distinguish the migratory Div. 4X population from adjacent Gulf of Maine and inshore Digby Neck populations. Results of these studies were discussed informally at the time, but not published.
During 1982–1987, the core period for recoveries from the 1980s tagging, haddock recaptures would have been thwarted by March-May spawning area closures to otter trawls that covered Browns Bank, the tip of Georges Bank, and an area between Cape Cod and Georges Bank called the South Channel. Thus we see very few recoveries in closed areas during the spawning months, with the numbers suddenly increasing in the months immediately prior and subsequent to the closures. These closed areas are depicted on all recovery plots for March, April and May. So long as we keep these closures in mind, it is fairly straightforward to reason out the transition between February and June. As well, summer inshore movements remain visible in all months, as all the closures involve offshore banks. In this light the Browns Bank (Fig. 6) and St. Mary's Bay (Fig. 7) tagging told the same general story. The Browns Bank (western Shelf) and St. Mary's Bay haddock demonstrated a spring/summer/autumn affinity for inshore areas off southwest Nova Scotia and the Nova Scotian side of the Bay of Fundy. In winter an offshore emphasis on Browns Bank was apparent. The Browns Bank haddock appeared more inclined to undertake easterly movements along the Nova Scotia coast during the summer/autumn (July–November) than the St. Mary's Bay haddock, although recoveries should be interpreted in light of the larger number of haddock recovered from offshore tagging, and the focus of the inshore tagging on younger (immature) fish. Common lengths at tagging were 48–55 cm offshore versus 33–34 cm inshore, and common recapture lengths were 51–58 cm for offshore haddock and 43–45 cm for inshore haddock. If the eastward movements are characteristic of larger or more mature fish, there may have been few inshore haddock achieving such status prior to recapture. In which case the St. Mary's Bay haddock would be indistinguishable from the migratory Div. 4X haddock, providing no proof of the survival of an inshore Digby Neck population.
Most of the haddock recovered from tagging on the northeast (Canadian) portion of Georges Bank (Fig. 8) were taken from Georges Bank, regardless of season. This suggests a resident population on Georges Bank, discrete from the haddock just across the Fundian Channel on Browns Bank. Only 5 of 88 recoveries came from Browns Bank. Single returns from Jeffrey Ledge, South Channel, and the Bay of Fundy might indicate some straying. As is evident from Table 1, recovery rates from 1980s tagging studies were much lower than the recovery rates from 1950s tagging studies. This phenomenon is not exclusive to haddock, but occurs generally across species tagged during both periods, and has been investigated in earlier analyses (Stobo and Fowler, 2006; Fowler and Stobo, 1999) for several species, with particular emphasis on cod, haddock and plaice. Two primary causes of the difference are changes in tag reporting likelihoods and a general shift in tagging strategy in the later period to try to avoid active fisheries. Both are applicable to haddock, but the former cause appears the most relevant. The decline in reporting likelihood is probably a combined result of increased automation in the fishery (less human interaction with the fish) and a depreciation in attitude towards fisheries science as fisheries management became a constraint on fishing activity. By the 1980s many industry components felt concerned that tagging studies in particular could have negative implications for catch allocations, such that returning a tag could be perceived as unwise. The decline in reporting likelihood is effectively offset by the increase in numbers tagged during the 1980s, and should not bias interpretations.
Revisiting the Early Tagging Studies
Overview of the Fishery. The haddock fishery in Scotia/Fundy waters (Div. 4XWV) during the 1950s was primarily Canadian (Table 2). Otter trawls made up almost half the fleet, with the rest predominantly handline (hook and line, distinguished from longliners). Handlining, being of relatively little import in the context of international fisheries, was included in the ICNAF Miscellaneous Gear category. But some textual background in the Statistical Bulletins noted that gear code MISC[ellaneous] was mostly hook and line where Subarea 4 haddock were concerned.
Unlike the recent years with which we are most familiar, the core of the Canadian haddock fishery during the 1950s and early 1960s was Div. 4W. During this period Div. 4W typically gave twice as much haddock landed in Canada as Div. 4X, and 3–4 times that of Div. 4V or 4T. Shift in effort to Div. 4X, the centre of the Canadian haddock fishery today, occurred in the 1960s as haddock became relatively more abundant in Div. 4X than 4W, with 1965 the last year that Div. 4W landings exceeded those of Div. 4X. The Div. 4W fishery was characterized by offshore otter trawling as opposed to the handlining which was common in Div. 4X. Probabilities of recovering tags inshore in Div. 4W may have been low, but we would expect to see recoveries if haddock ventured onto the offshore banks of Div. 4W. Similarly offshore effort in Div. 4X was high enough to expect recoveries from the banks, but we don't know how inshore (hook and line) fishing was distributed throughout the Bay of Fundy and southwest Nova Scotia. Seasonal breakdowns of landings were initiated in 1954. The Div. 4W fishery generated significant landings throughout the year, with a peak during the winter (January–April). The Div. 4X otter trawl fishery was typified by a winter focus (February–April), while the Div. 4X handline fishery was most active during spring-summer-autumn. The small US fishery in the Gulf of Maine (Div. 5Y) was prosecuted throughout the year with a spring peak (May–April), while that on Georges Bank (Div. 5Z) was a very strong fishery all year. We would expect recoveries from haddock that visited Georges Bank, especially in light of the Div. 5Y recoveries from the much lesser effort relative to Div. 5Z.
Retrospective of the Historical Tagging Studies
The unpublished historical tagging of haddock on Browns Bank in 1957 (Fig. 3) showed little movement except for some easterly coastal dispersion (Fig. 9). We did not see summer returns from the Bay of Fundy that featured so prominently with Browns Bank tagging in the 1980s (Fig. 6). The 1957 Passamaquoddy Bay tagging saw numbers of summer returns from the Bay of Fundy (Fig. 10), however recoveries from Div. 4Xr (the Nova Scotia side of the Bay of Fundy) were quite sparse. We saw recoveries from the Gulf of Maine and Div. 4Xs (the New Brunswick side of the Bay of Fundy) emphasized, but we saw more recoveries from the distant Browns Bank area than any inshore areas between Div. 4Xs and Browns Bank. This raises a suspicion of possibly little effort in the general vicinity of Div. 4Xr in the 1950s, which would mitigate against recoveries of spring-tagged Browns Bank haddock, which the 1980s tagging indicated favour the Div. 4Xr side of the Bay of Fundy (Fig. 6). Unfortunately commercial fisheries data for the earlier time period was not reported by Unit Areas, which we need to determine relative effort within regions of Div. 4X. Researchers of the time would likely have known whether Div. 4Xr effort was suitable for recoveries to represent haddock movements, and possibly this was a factor in discouraging publication.
The unpublished 1959–1960 Sable/Emerald/Western Banks tagging (Fig. 4) gave primarily local recoveries, with little to suggest a link with Div. 4T (Fig. 11). However only the March 1959/1960 tagging provided any recoveries (1959 28 recs, 23 plottable; 1960 15 recs, 10 plottable), while another 225 fish tagged in the same general area in September, 1959 (not shown in release plots) produced no returns at all. Gulf of St Lawrence and Sydney Bight fishing effort during potential recovery years for these fish was a small fraction that of Div. 4W (Table 2). Whether the tagging missed any Div. 4T migrants or lack of returns from Div. 4T was due to low fishing effort levels in Div. 4T, cannot be elucidated. Of the few recoveries from the Div. 4W tagging, all but one occurred in Div. 4W during November–May, while July–October are conspicuously devoid of any recaptures. A single June recovery near Scatarie (Div. 4Vn) is the only plottable non-4W recovery. As we would expect a Div. 4T association, if it existed, to be evidenced in the summer, the sheer absence of summer 4W recoveries seems quite relevant. Additionally, we have 10 unplottable recoveries (either no coordinates or no month), none of which came from Div. 4W (see Appendix). Of these 7 came from Div. 4X (4 April, 1 May, 1 September, 1 no month), 2 from Div. Div. 4V (in June and August), and 1 from Div. 4Tf (but no month). We see from the Div. 4T tagging in the autumn of 1956 (Fig. 12) that Div. 4T haddock were primarily resident in the Div. 4T tagging area during July–October, all null recovery months for the Div. 4W tagging, departing the Gulf during November–December (only 1 Div. 4T tagging recovery in November), entering the Gulf May–June (many recoveries around Cape Breton), and resident in Div. 4W January–April. Most of the Shelf recoveries came from the same vicinity as the later Sable Bank/Western Bank tagging. The pattern and timing of haddock movement around Cape Breton to go between the Gulf and the Shelf mirrors that described by Needler (1930), except for movements through the Strait of Canso (the strait was blocked by construction of a causeway in 1954).
Both historical and recent tagging on Browns Bank showed the same relative Div. 4X cutoff in the nearshore dispersal up the coast of Nova Scotia, with very little penetration of the eastern Scotian Shelf (Figs. 6 and 9). Only the inshore Cape Roseway (Lockeport) tagging showed significant coastal dispersal into Div. 4VW (Fig. 13). Given the predominant Div. 4W haddock fishery on the offshore banks during the 1950s, if we did not see recoveries from Div. 4W, the haddock likely either did not go there or they stayed inshore (very little fishing inshore). The 1953 Cape Roseway tagging was dispersed over May–October (Fig. 2), but most were tagged May–August, and these represent the majority of recoveries. Little association with the Bay of Fundy or Gulf of Maine is evident from the recoveries, which favour Browns Bank February-April and the inshore tagging area in warmer months (Fig. 13). They also demonstrate easterly movements along the coast of Nova Scotia, being recovered as far east as Div. 4Vn, but few appear to mix with Div. 4W offshore banks haddock. These movements are characteristic of the haddock tagged on Browns Bank in the spring of 1957 (Fig. 9). Again, the possibility of low recovery probabilties from Div. 4Xr during the 1950s may have clouded the picture. It is indeterminate if these fish were the Shelbourne population, the Browns Bank/Bay of Fundy migrants, or a mix of both.
Recoveries from the Autumn Digby tagging (Fig. 14) look like a mix of the Autumn Passamaquoddy (Fig.10) and spring 1983–1985 Browns Bank (Fig. 6) tagging. We see a summer Bay of Fundy and winter Browns Bank association as we see with Browns Bank tagging in the 1980s, but without the easterly coastal movement. However we also see a summer-autumn presence in the Passamaquoddy area and some spring-summer recoveries from the Gulf of Maine, more characteristic of the haddock tagged in Passamaquoddy Bay. This dual pattern is not specific to one of the tagging events, it is fully replicated for both years of tagging (the November 1963 and October 1966 tagging studies tell the same story). Breaking the releases up by specific tagging locations (unique pairs of latitude/longitude, unfortunately exact day of tagging not documented) distinguished at least 10 separate tagging events in 1963 and 2 in 1966. Of these, 7 of the groups (5 in 1963 and both in 1966) had recoveries from each of the three identifying areas (Div. 4Xs, Gulf of Maine, Browns). This suggests that the Passamaquoddy Bay and Browns Bank haddock may be well mixed in the Bay of Fundy in the autumn. We know from the Browns Bank and Passamaquoddy Bay tagging that both groups occupied the Digby Neck area in the autumn, but without the Digby tagging we might have speculated that they still remained spatially and temporally separate within the Digby area.
The unpublished June 1973 Digby tagging (Fig. 4) gave only local recoveries (not plotted), but only 12 locatable haddock were recovered, and all were caught between May and October. During these months the odds favour Bay of Fundy recaptures of Browns Bank haddock, so these recoveries don't necessarily discern a locally resident population.
The Passamaquoddy Bay tagging (Fig. 3) shows the winter Gulf of Maine association (Fig. 10), along with the summer return to the Passamaquoddy Bay area. The brief (mostly April) but notable recoveries from Browns Bank are interesting. The numbers are not trivial. Are we seeing a circular route around the Gulf of Maine for some of the haddock, crossing the Fundian Channel from Georges to Browns Bank before completing the summer return to the Bay of Fundy? The biggest gap in understanding is posed by the very large area around Jordan Basin that attracts very little fishing effort, as evidenced by aerial surveillance of vessel distributions (Halliday et al., 1986). Survey distributions of this area show very few haddock (Halliday et al., 1986; Brodziak, 2005), but survey timing does not facilitate the perception of rapid seasonal movements. Thus brief migration windows (leaving or returning) through or around the edges of Jordan Basin may have very little potential of being exposed by either surveys or tag recoveries. Confusing the picture even further, we are not certain about the relationships between components of haddock in the Gulf of Maine. It is unclear if the Nantucket Shoals and Georges Bank haddock, the main concentrations, are separate populations, both with respect to each other as well as inshore Gulf of Maine haddock (Begg, 1998), much the same problem of discerning inshore populations as on the Scotian Shelf. They may have been so overfished (or some perhaps displaced by coastal development) prior to tagging studies that their remnants are too few to be distinguishable.
We have seen our perception of haddock populations essentially degrade over time as components have been either lost or diminished beyond our ability to confirm if they still exist. A focus on commercial fishery stocks may have facilitated a progressive dismissal of natural population structure in favour of commercially dominant components. Non-migratory nearshore populations that were thought to have existed before the 1950s may have been largely fished out prior to the 1950s and 1960s tagging studies. Unfortunately such populations could only be revealed by systematic inshore tagging while migratory populations were offshore, which rarely occurred. A localized Shelburne population was strongly evident in the 1920s, but could not be discerned by the 1950s. A localized Digby population suggested by the 1950s tagging was regarded as a remnant at the time. No inshore populations can be clearly discerned today. It seems likeliest that the post-war summer haddock fisheries in the Bay of Fundy were initially a mix of three populations, two of which have since diminished to the point that they may make little contribution to landings today. An inshore Div. 4Xr haddock population may have existed and remained viable into the 1960s, and Gulf of Maine migrants may have represented significant catches into the 1970s. Similarly the Gulf of Maine haddock fishery may have targeted a composite of resident coastal and migratory offshore populations that can no longer be discerned. No evidence for inshore populations along the eastern Scotian Shelf was provided by tagging studies since the studies discussed by Needler (1930), but any number of inshore populations to the east of Shelburne could have existed and disappeared prior to the 1950s.
From a historical perspective there may have been numerous reproductively discrete populations of haddock in the past. Today we can only easily discern two of the most migratory populations in Canadian waters — the Gulf of St Lawrence/eastern Scotian Shelf and Bay of Fundy/Browns Bank haddock. These are both characterized by occupying offshore banks in winter and only appearing inshore in any numbers during the summer. Greater variation in distribution due to this mobility may be the main reason they have survived, although the once-dominant Div. 4TVW population has been drastically reduced to the point that it no longer supports directed fisheries.
I would like to thank Lou Van Eeckhaute for reviewing an earlier draft of this paper.
BEGG, G. A. 1998. A review of stock identification of haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, in the northwest Atlantic Ocean. Mar. Fish. Rev., 60: 1–15.
BRODZIAK, J. K. T. 2005. Essential fish habitat source document: haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, life history and habitat characteristics. NOAA Tech. Mem., NMFS-NE-196.
FOWLER, G. M., and W. T. STOBO. 1999. The effects of release parameters on recovery rates of tagged groundfish species. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 56: 1732–1751. doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-56-10-1732
FRANK, K. T., R. K. MOHN and J. E. SIMON. MS 1997. Assessment of 4TVW haddock in 1996. CSAS Res. Doc. 97/107.
HALLIDAY, R. G., and F. D. MCCRACKEN. 1970. Movements of haddock tagged off Digby, Nova Scotia. ICNAF Res. Bull., 7: 8–14.
HALLIDAY, R. G., J. MCGLADE, R. MOHN, R. N. O'BOYLE, and M. SINCLAIR. 1986. Resource and fishery distributions in the Gulf of Maine area in relation to the Subarea 4/5 boundary. NAFO Sci. Coun. Studies, 10: 67–92.
HALLIDAY, R. G. and A. T. PINHORN. 1996. North Atlantic fishery management systems: a comparison of management methods and resource trends. J. Northw. Atl. Fish. Sci., 20: 3–135. doi.org/10.2960/J.v20.a1
HURLEY, P. C. F., G. A. P. BLACK, P. A. COMEAU, R. K. MOHN and K. ZWANENBURG. MS 1998. Assessment of 4X haddock in 1997 and the first half of 1998. CSAS Res. Doc. 98/136.
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MARTIN, W. R. 1958. Canadian research report, 1957. A.2. Subarea 4. ICNAF Ann. Proc., 8, Part III: 22–26.
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MCCRACKEN, F. D. 1954. Cod and haddock tagging, Lockeport, June–October, 1953. In: Report of the Atlantic Biological Station for 1954. J. L. Hart [director]. p. 47–51. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, St. Andrews, N.B.
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1958. Haddock tagging. In: Annual Report and Investigators' Summaries, 1957–58. J. L. Hart [director]. p. 61–64. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Biological Station, St. Andrews, N.B.
1960. Studies of haddock in the Passamaquoddy Bay region. J. Fish. Res. Bd., 17(2): 175–180. doi.org/10.1139/f60-014
1963. Migrations of haddock between the Gulf of St. Lawrence and offshore Nova Scotian Banks. J. Fish. Res. Bd., 20(3): 855–857. doi.org/10.1139/f63-06
NEEDLER, A. W. H. 1930. The migrations of haddock and the interrelationships of haddock populations in North American waters. Contributions to the Canadian Biology of Fisheries, N.S. 6(10): 243–313.
O'BOYLE, R. N. and G. N. WHITE III. MS 1982. An evaluation of the 4X haddock population characteristics during 1962–81 with yield projected to 1983. CAFSAC Res. Doc. 82/53.v
SCHROEDER, W. C. 1942. Results of haddock tagging in the Gulf of Maine from 1923 to 1932. J. Mar. Res., 5(1): 1–19.
STOBO, W. T. and G. M. FOWLER. 2006. Canadian tagging of commercial groundfish and small pelagic fish in the vicinity of the Scotian Shelf and Gulf of St Lawrence, 1953–1985. Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 2669: xii+ 137 p.
VAN EECKHAUTE, L. and J. BRODZIAK. 2005. Assessment of haddock on eastern Georges Bank. TRAC Ref. Doc. 2005/03
Citation: FOWLER, G. M. 2011. Old and Older Perceptions of the Migrations and Distribution of Haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, in Northwest Atlantic Waters from Tagging Conducted in the Bay of Fundy, Georges Bank, Scotian Shelf, and the Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence. J. Northw. Atl. Fish. Sci., 43: 137–157. doi:10.2960/J.v43.m676
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Suspect Charged in 2008 Weleetka Slayings
The 2008 shooting deaths of two young girls in a small Oklahoma town riveted people across the state. The randomness of the crime rattled the town of Weleetka, Oklahoma, a small town with fewer than 1,000 citizens.
Best friends Taylor Paschal-Placker, 13, and Skyla Whitaker, 11, were shot a combined thirteen times only a few hundred feet from the Placker home as the girls returned from a walk.
For two and a half years, the slayings were unsolved, making the case one of Oklahoma's most notorious unsolved murders. Now, however, a suspect has been named and charged in the deaths of "the Weleetka girls." Kevin Sweat, 25, of Henryetta, was charged with first degree murder for the killings of the two girls after evidence linking him to the crime was found during an investigation into another murder with which Sweat is charged.
Kevin Sweat was charged with the murder of his fiance, Ashley Taylor, 23. Ashley was last seen on July 15, 2011, when she told family members she was going to Louisiana to marry Sweat. She was reported missing on July 29 when no one had heard from her. Sweat was arrested in late July and admitted to killing his fiance.
Though he told authorities that he cut her throat and pushed her into a lake, her charred remains were found on property belonging to Sweat's father. During the search of the property, investigators found shell casings that matched those found at the crime scene of the Weleetka murders.
Sweat admitted to killing the girls, saying that two "monsters" were approaching him, and he panicked and shot them. Sweat, who is already being held without bond for the killing of Ashley Taylor, has now been charged with the deaths of Taylor Paschal-Placker and Skyla Whitaker.
For many Oklahomans, this is the beginning of a gaining a sense of closure for one of the state's most unsettling crimes, a crime which shook a small town's sense of safety and took the innocence of the roughly 500 students in the Weleetka school district.
Because this is such a high-profile case, Sweat's Oklahoma criminal defense attorney will have to work hard to ensure a fair trial for his or her client. Whether Sweat's claim that the girls were "monsters" is a calculated plan for the insanity defense by a sociopath or the true belief of a deranged mind, his attorney will have to carefully evaluate all evidence for the best possible defense and will have to work diligently to find an impartial jury.
High profile cases that have constant media attention can be a challenge for any attorney, but an experienced Oklahoma defense lawyer can handle the media and the controversy and work to ensure the best outcome for his or her client.


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Home History Confederate Statues: Stop Romanticizing 'History' and Treasonists
Confederate Statues: Stop Romanticizing 'History' and Treasonists
TheBurtonWire
EDITORIAL by Ambassador Harold E. Doley, Jr.
President Donald J. Trump:
Vice President Michael R. Pence:
U.S. Senator Mitch McConnell:
Speaker of the House Paul Ryan:
Congressman Cedric Richmond:
Robert E. Lee stated that he would not be buried in his Confederate States of America (CSA) uniform because that act would be seditious. At Lee's funeral in 1870, no former soldiers or participants marching in his funeral cortege were allowed to wear CSA uniforms.
There is a simple remedy for our present state of affairs regarding monuments to former Confederate generals and the Battle Flag of the Army of Northern Virginia, it is to go to the U.S. Constitution.
Section 110 of Article III addresses treason and sedition. Treason and sedition are federal law/Constitution violations. To support the Confederacy and its symbols is to be a traitor of the United States in fact and in spirit.
Section 110 of Article III states: "Treason against the United States shall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open Court. The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason." That power of punishing the crime of treason is exclusive in Congress; and the trail of the offense belongs exclusively to the Federal tribunals.
In 1790, the Congress of the United States enacted that: "If any person or persons, owing allegiance to the United States of America, shall levy war against them, or shall adhere to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort within the United States, or elsewhere, and shall be thereof convicted on confession in open Court, or on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act of treason…"
Our history books have incorrectly labeled the war between the states as a Civil War, which is a misnomer. What occurred was a group of states seceding from the Union and creating the Confederate States of America and attacking the United States of America. This was a war of secession. If it were a civil war, which is an attempt to change the government, that would have been a revolution.
We laud Mayor Mitch Landrieu of New Orleans and we thank Wynton Marsalis for initiating the removal of the monuments in New Orleans. It is ironic that the erection of statues and the naming of boulevards and schools for Confederate soldiers and cabinet members of the CSA is a romantic notion. There was not one bullet fired or cannonball shot in New Orleans during the Civil War. In 1862, Admiral David Farragut disembarked from the USS Hartford at the Port of New Orleans, walked to City Hall and told Mayor John T. Monroe of New Orleans, either you surrender or we will level the French Quarter. Confederate General Mansfield Lovell advised Mayor John Monroe that opposing the Union would be futile. New Orleans, the largest Confederate city, was captured without conflict. Therefore, the monuments and other namings in New Orleans do not have any historic relevance whatsoever. Again, just romanticization.
Likewise, members of the white supremacy groups, Neo-Nazis and KKK, are overwhelmingly not descendants of those Southerners that fought in the army of the Confederate States of America. For those to state that they have a kindred spirit with the Confederacy is a fantasy. Those Americans aligned with these groups, which are not based in historical connections, should just be bold enough to state that they are racist, anti-Semites, and white supremacists, rather than attempt to distort that which motivates them.
America's history is complicated. My great-great-great Aunt Sarah Knox Taylor, was married to Jefferson Davis. As an American of African ancestry and a descendent of the Mayflower (even though I cannot become a member the Mayflower Society because I fail to have one or two documents that would complete the link) my DNA confirms that lineage. Last August, when David Duke was running for the U.S. Senate from the State of Louisiana, I challenged him publicly to take a DNA test to which he did respond on his web site. I do not think, after looking at David Duke's history, that he is part African-American, but I do think that he may be part Jewish.
We, as Americans and our elected officials, must embrace the Constitution of the United States that was penned by our Founding Fathers, who themselves were flawed just as is our Constitution. However, the document addresses the issues that are tearing us apart today and it gives us the solution.
The President and Congress should focus on the economy, tax reform, the budget, foreign affairs, infrastructure, and running the government for the benefit of all Americans whom they were duly elected to serve.
Harold E. Doley, Jr.
Ambassador Doley is the founder of Doley Securities, LLC, the oldest African American owned investment banking firm in the nation. He is the Founding Director of the Minerals Management Service of the United States Department of Interior and has served as Executive Director of the African Development Bank. Ambassador Doley also founded the U.S. Africa Chamber of Commerce.
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TheBurtonWire.com is the premiere online destination for people who think for themselves. This blog offers news from the African Diaspora, culture that is produced by often overlooked populations and opinion that is informed and based on fact. Tired of the onslaught of websites and talking heads that regurgitate what people want to hear, TheBurtonWire.com is a publication that elevates news and perspectives that people need to hear. TheBurtonWire.com is for individual thinkers who understand that they are part of a larger collective. What is this collective? Free thinking people that care about the world, who will not be categorized or boxed in by society or culture and are interested in issues and topics that defy stereotypes and conventional wisdom.
Senegal: Politician Slaps Woman Colleague in Parliament Brawl
South Africa: President Ramaphosa Facing Impeachment
"OWN YOUR VOTE" INITIATIVE PARTNERS WITH CIVIL RIGHTS ORGANIZATIONS TO MOBILIZE BLACK WOMEN


The Montreal-based producer and distributor is taking on the Dining With the Enemy (pictured) format from Norway by producing a French-language version airing on Quebec's TV5 that sees a journalist and chef covering war zones.
Montreal-based format production and distribution co Media Ranch is taking on the Dining With the Enemy format from Norway by producing a French-language version airing on TV5 in Quebec that sees a journalist and chef covering war zones.
The documentary series, to be locally known as À Table avec l'ennemi, will follow journalist and author Frédérick Lavoie and Toqué! restaurant chef Charles-Antoine Crête as they bring together members of two opposing parties at the dinner table.
Shooting will begin in January of 2014, and the 6 x 60-minute series will air on TV5 in the fall. Production will take place in Mexico, Rwanda, Afghanistan and more.
Media Ranch has also licensed the format for English-speaking Canada and the U.K.


text:
MELD Completes the World's First ISPO, Securing More Than $1 Billion of Contributions
Tag:ISPO, MELD
The world's first crypto ISPO was a massive success for the banking protocol pioneer
SINGAPORE, Nov. 10, 2021 MELD, the first DeFi, non-custodial, banking protocol, has announced that it has now reached over $1 billion USD in contributions towards its Initial Stake Pool Offering (ISPO). With almost 40,000 participants, the ISPO has successfully generated over $10M of revenue for MELD, which will be used to build out accessible new financial services for the 2 billion people in the world who are underbanked, unlocking $15T of economic value.
Within the first 24 hours of MELD's ISPO, the first pool was filled up and roughly $100 million USD worth of value was staked. Just five days after the ISPO launch, four pools were filled up, equating to almost $200,000,000 USD worth of value coming from MELD ISPO participants.
"The idea of the ISPO came to me after seeing community criticism of a project launch where none of the community managed to get any tokens," said Ken Olling, Co-founder & Chairman of MELD. "'Fair launch' was an idea the community talked about and I really embraced. So I started thinking of this, and how to go about it and that is how I came up with the ISPO model. Later, however, I found out that the idea of an ISPO had been proposed, but it had never been done. We did it."
An Initial Stake Pool Offering is a liberating new way for early adopters to support MELD using the Cardano blockchain. An ISPO provides interested parties with the ability to participate in an upcoming project not by buying a token as is done in the case of ICOs and STOs, but rather by staking their ADA into a Cardano stake pool. Users who wanted to participate in MELD's ISPO could delegate their ADA to the public MELD stake pools for any length of time they choose. Depending on the duration and quantity of ADA staked, delegators are rewarded MELD tokens. The MELD ISPO stopped accepting new delegations on the 27th of October as it had reached the limit for rewards. All delegations made before that continue to produce rewards until the 8th of December which was set forth as the end date for the ISPO.
MELD essentially functions as a cryptocurrency and fiat lending and borrowing platform. People holding cryptocurrency are in constant need of fiat currency (like USD and EUR), but in order to access their fiat currency, they must first sell their tokens, pay a capital gains tax, exit valuable markets, and give up tokens that may have had long-term potential.
MELD offers a solution to this dilemma by providing its users with the opportunity to borrow fiat currency using their cryptocurrency as collateral. Those who need fiat currency can access instant loans (up to 50% of their staked crypto) while using their cryptocurrency as collateral without having to liquidate and lose their position.
For more information regarding MELD and the world's first ISPO, please visit https://meld.com.
Logos can be downloaded here: https://docs.meld.com/branding/meld-logos
MELD – Be Your Own Bank
MELD thinks it's essential for everyone to gain control of their financial lives and have equal access to financial instruments used by professionals, not just centralized institutions, governments, or the 1%. MELD wants to provide financial freedom and control to the masses, including the unbanked.
MELD has a long-term goal to enable the $15 trillion that is currently locked out of the global economy, including 2 billion individuals worldwide that are either underbanked or have no access to banking services whatsoever, to access these tools. These are the people that are paying the highest fees, getting the worst customer service, and they are the ones that are having the most problems.
MELD's vision is to create an ecosystem that empowers individuals to regain financial control by providing them with the tools and services they need to manage their money on their terms. Whether that be creating a collateralized debt position (CDP) with cryptocurrency, earning an interest return for lending fiat to borrowers, or even participating in reward incentive programs, MELD strives to provide its users with the functions they need to manage their own financial lives.
Website | GitBook | Twitter | Telegram Group | Telegram Channel | LinkedIn | Github | YouTube | Discord
Lise Wessel
<lise@meld.com>
ISPOMELD
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MELD Protocol to Integrate EGX Token
Tingo International Holdings, Inc. Announces Partnership with MELD
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The monitoring applications have turned out to be the biggest expediters of entrepreneurs and business managers. The installation of the tracking software on the company-owned mobile phones and computer devices enable employers to track the productivity of the workers, eliminate unnecessary activities, remotely operate the business operations and protect company assets and sensitive data. There are innumerable employee monitoring and business management software to streamline the business operations and boost employee productivity. However, picking reliable and efficient software is the key.
We have reviewed several top-notch employee monitoring software and come up with the most efficient and high-tech software for employee monitoring. TheOneSpy is found to be feature-rich spy software that allows remote monitoring of workforces, company assets and confidential information. Read on to know how this software facilitates employers in getting the most out of their workers.
The employee monitoring software is a cross-platform monitoring solution intended for small and medium scale businesses. Once you install the software on the company-owned mobile phones and computers, you can monitor every activity performed on these monitored devices through an online control panel of the spyware. The application fetches the information from the monitored device and uploads to the online account from where the end-user of the surveillance software can review it.
The mobile phone surveillance software lets you monitor the messages received and transmitted by your workers. It lets you supervise the communication of your workers with co-workers, upper management, customers and third parties. You can monitor text messages, MMS and instant messages exchanged via Skype, WhatsApp, Line, Viber and other instant messengers.
The spyware lets you track the inbound and outbound phone calls of your customer care representatives. It records all phone calls received and made from the monitored phones and uploads the recorded calls to confidential online account with the detail of callers and recipients.
The employee tracking software lets you monitor the progress of your social media managers by remotely tracking the popular social messengers. The spyware allows spying on Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, Tumblr and other popular social networking platforms. It lets you monitor the conversations made via these platforms and posts shared on these social sites. This information helps you ensure your social media managers or other workers do not post false or confidential information on the social sites.
The location tracking enables employers to find out the exact location of the remote workers. It allows carrier companies to keep tabs on the movement of transporters, sales and marketing personnel. It lets you ensure your worker is on an assigned visit and not killing his time on unproductive or personal chores.
The mobile phone and compute monitoring software allows employers to track the emails received and sent via monitored devices. Also, it records the strokes applied to the keyboard of the target device. The Keylogs of usernames, passwords and email addresses allow monitoring the online accounts once operated on the target device.
The employee surveillance software allows monitoring the workplace gossips to prevent workers from bad-mouthing, harassment and unproductive tasks. The spyware lets you take over the microphone of the monitored mobile phones and computers to listen to the surrounding sounds and voices. You can listen and record the conversations of your workers for hours by sending a command via an online control panel of spyware.
TheOneSpy is the most high-tech employee monitoring software that offers live surround monitoring. It allows the employer to watch the activities performed in the surroundings of the monitored phone and computer. By sending a remote command through the online control panel, you can turn on the secondary and primary cameras of the monitored phone and computer to see and record the surrounding scenes.
The employee surveillance software lets you supervise the internet use of your workers. It lets you find out if your workers use the internet facility for the company benefit or for personal purposes. It gets access to the internet browsing history of the monitored device and shows URLs of the web pages visited by the workers on monitored devices.
Feature-rich and reasonably priced employee monitoring solution that allows tracking every single online and offline activity of the workforce. It helps employers to accelerate the employee productivity by keeping them from getting engaged in unproductive and malicious activities.


Summer is winding down, the weather is divine, and it's the perfect time for outdoor festivals. Here are September's event highlights for the Reston area.
Reston Multicultural Festival. Photo by Carol VanDyke.
Bring a blanket and enjoy this free outdoor music festival. Choose from several kinds of domestic and craft beers as you enjoy some of the DC area's best musicians. JamBrew takes place every Friday night in September, and concludes with Oktoberfest on September 27, 2014.
Hop on the Metro to Tysons Corner to enjoy 8 bands, 20 food trucks, and a variety of beer and wine. Proceeds will be shared with the Spirit of Hope Children's Foundation. Admission is $12 for adults, $5 for children ages 6-16, and free for kids 5 and under.
Reston's final outdoor movie of the year features James Bond in Skyfall. Admission is free. Bring chairs and enjoy a moonlit picnic by the lake, or reserve an outdoor table at Kalypso's Sports Tavern.
We love this festival! It's one of our favorite Reston events of the year. The Multicultural Festival is a celebration of our community's diverse traditions in music, food, and art. Dress in your culture's traditional attire, and come enjoy lively performances by the people of Reston.
What other September events do you recommend? Did we miss anything cool and noteworthy?


David Luttinger has more than 20 years of experience representing clients in the insurance coverage field, including extensive trial work in judicial and arbitral forums across the country and internationally. His experience in the coverage area includes disputes over insurance for mass torts, environmental liabilities, large-scale property and business interruption losses, and shareholder lawsuits. Mr. Luttinger has represented clients in the energy, chemical, manufacturing, retail, and financial services sectors.
Lead trial attorney in an insurance coverage action in Los Angeles on behalf of Goulds Pumps against Travelers Casualty & Surety Company, an excess insurer. After a 13 day trial, Goulds obtained judgment confirming its right to access $50 million in excess liability coverage. The judgment was affirmed on appeal. Goulds Pumps, Inc. v Travelers Cas. & Sur. Co., No. B255439, 2016 3564244 (Cal.Ct.App., June 22, 2016).
Key member of a trial team in a 2017 bench trial in Los Angeles, California, which resulted in favorable declarations on key coverage issues related to excess insurers' obligations to cover ITT's asbestos-related product liability loss.
Lead attorney in an insurance coverage action in the Western District of Pennsylvania on behalf of an industrial fan manufacturer. The manufacturer was sued by its insurer, which asserted it had no defense or indemnity obligation for a lawsuit alleging damage and business interruption loss due to damage caused by the insured's products. After prevailing on summary judgment that the insurer owed a defense obligation, the case went to trial on the bad faith claims and was settled on mutually agreeable terms.
Lead attorney in a coverage case brought in Baltimore, Maryland for a large international bank under a run-off professional services liability policy in which the bank sought recovery for amounts paid defending against and resolving hundreds of underlying actions. Separate rounds of summary judgment were filed in 2009 and 2010, with the 2009 briefing leading to summary judgment in favor of the bank. In late 2010, on the eve of trial, following extensive briefing and oral argument, the insurers agreed to a settlement on terms favorable to the bank.
Defended an individual at trial in the Southern District of New York against criminal charges of insider trading.
Lead attorney in multiple cases brought in Pennsylvania and California on behalf of an energy company that faced more than a hundred suits alleging damages arising from MtBE and MtBE-containing gasoline. The case in Pennsylvania led to a judgment that the Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit affirmed, which established the insured's right to $50 million for the defense and settlement of scores of suits. In the California case, after favorable rulings against two sets of insurers were obtained, the insurers agreed to settle.
Co-lead attorney for an electric utility facing thousands of asbestos-related lawsuits. After a bench trial, the Circuit Court of Maryland for Washington County entered judgment in favor of the insureds in a coverage action styled Monongahela Power Co., et al. v. Certain Underwriters at Lloyd's London, et al., Case No. 21-C-03-16733-DJ (Circuit Court of Maryland, Washington County). The decision has been affirmed on appeal. TIG Ins. Co. v. Monongahela Power Co., --- A.3d ---, 2014 WL 715453 (Md. Feb. 24, 2014), affirming TIG Ins. Co. v. Monongahela Power Co., 209 Md. App. 146, 58 A.3d 497 (2012).
Lead attorney in an insurance coverage dispute involving a complete loss of a custom-made reactor that the client was building in the United Arab Emirates. Shortly after filing suit on behalf of the insured, the matter was resolved on terms favorable to the client.
Lead attorney in negotiating a resolution of a political risk insurance claim for a multinational company whose assets were appropriated by Venezuela.
Lead attorney in first-party/business interruption matter in connection with losses arising out of an earthquake and flooding in Japan.
Lead attorney in a first-party/business interruption case on behalf of a major retailer in litigation over losses arising from property damage and business interruption.


In Queensland it is an offence to hold up traffic whilst you are travelling at less than the speed limit.
You must pull over when it is safe to do so and let traffic pass!
Failure to do so can lead you to be charged with "Failing to show due care and consideration" (which is a fine of $522, and a penalty of 3 demerit points).
As you are holding up traffic, you are also being an active hazard to other traffic on the road. If your actions can be shown to have caused an accident, it is possible that you may be charged with "Driving without Due Care and Attention", which has a fine of over $5000 and up to 6 months imprisonment.
Last update: 2018-07-26 09:58 AEST - Fixed typo on 'Why?' page.


• PolarBlairsDen.com: A great site from Iowa. Shows Gayle Caldwell current and past work.
• The Mendocino Arts Center: a great place to take a class or hear an intimate concert. Check out the Sunday Afternoon Concert Series hosted by music director, Gayle Caldwell.
• New Christy Minstrels on Hootenany TV show: Gayle Caldwell, original member of New Christy Minstrels in archival video.
• "Billy's Mule," Hootenanny TV show, Fordham University.
• Jackie and Gayle archival TV appearances includes "The Girl from Ipanema" performed on John Davidson's TV show.
they are joined by The Righteous Brothers, Billy Preston and Glen Campbell.
released on Frank Sinatra's "Cycles" album which included, "Wandering,"


I really enjoyed the book, Alex, and recommend it. I wrote a little review at my blog, if anyone is interested in checking it out. The best part about the book is it makes you stop and remember your own Stadium Memories as you read each essay.
Congratulations Al B! It looks great.


text:
Where to take the kids in the Lakes
Climbing, adventure, walking and attractions...The Lake District offers some brilliant things to do with kids! Whether you're looking to entertain the little ones for a couple of hours or an entire day, have a look at some of our favourite places to visit.
King Kong Climbing Centre, Keswick
This is a fab place for some active fun! There are several climbing walls with slabs and overhangs, a feature wall offering a real rock experience indoors and if you fancy a challenge, have a go at the 39 foot tower. There are taster sessions too, a kids fun climbing house, an Ice Wall, a 50 metre indoor cave full of twists and turns made all the more exciting in the dark! If the younger ones just want to run around, there is a hard play area with a castle, dragon and tunnels, plus slides and a ball pool. There is also a soft play area for kids aged 2 and under, which has a ball pool too. They offer a number of outdoor adventure courses too - mountain walks, ghyll scrambling and outdoor rock climbing.
Mirehouse, Keswick
This 17th century manor is on the shores of Bassenthwaite Lake and its wooded grounds are ideal for a spot of hide and seek or den building. The walled Bee Garden with its heather maze and sheltered dens provide perfect picnic spots. Then there's the adventure playground with a zip wire, rope climbers, balance bridges and a gushing stream - the kids can run around and burn off some energy here! Stroll down the rhododendron-lined footpath and have a look at the fort and steeplechase, before walking through the woods and fields to reach the lake shore.
Derwentwater Cruise, Keswick
What better way to see the beautiful fells and mountains surrounding Derwentwater, than aboard a relaxing cruise...Hop on one of the famous Keswick launches and take the 50-minute circuit around the lake or hop on and off at different jetties along the way. The launches are flexible and affordable and a good starting point is the marina at Nichol End - there are some fantastic pet-friendly cafes here with views over Skiddaw. 017687 72263, keswick-launch.co.uk.
Aira Force, Ullswater
This has to be one of my favourite places to visit whatever the weather with my three kids. I recommend parking at Dockray village and following the trail along Aira Beck downstream through the ancient woodlands under the canopy of the leaves. We often stop on the way to the falls for a picnic or tea &cake as there are so many beautiful points in the woods to sit and watch the beck with its natural pools. You can spend hours on end picnicking, paddling and making dams here! The waterfall itself is breathtaking and the 20 metre drop is simply outstanding.
Muncaster Castle, Ravenglass
Hop off the L'aal Ratty at Ravenglass and enjoy a mile's walk to Muncaster Castle and the Hawk & Owl Centre. This historic (and haunted) castle has fabulous Himalayan gardens and grounds spreading to 70 acres, a maze, playgrounds, a cafe and various special events running throughout the year. The Hawk and Owl Centre is open daily from mid-February until 23rd December and is home to a variety of known birds and also endangered, unusual species. There are daily flying displays and talks.
Loughrigg Fell, Nr Ambleside
Walk a Wainright with the kids and create new memories taking in the stunning views from the top of Loughrigg Fell. At 335m, it is one of the smallest of the Wainwrights but the scenery from the peak is just as breathtaking - as Wainright said: "No ascent is more repaying for the small labour involved". Start in Rydal and follow a clearly marked path along the shore of Rydal Water, passing Rydal Cave. The route then follows Loughrigg Terrace, overlooking beautiful Grasmere, before climbing to a rocky but undulating peak that is scattered with streams and tarns.
Cycling in Whinlatter Forest, Nr Keswick
Whinlatter Forest is full of action for kids. This is England's only true mountain forest and it is a playground for adventure! There's a Go-Ape Tree top Adventure and you can now hire Segways to explore the forest on wheels! Enjoy easy walking trails, cycling, a spot of orienteering, nature, wildlife and there's even a play trail for kids.
Walk around Buttermere
This is the perfect walk if you have young children! Walking around the sparkling Buttermere lake takes 2-3 hours and the shoreline is dotted with small pebbly and mossy beaches. Take time out along the way for a paddle, splash and a good old game of pebble-skimming. The route is easy to follow and although it can be bumpy in places, it is manageable with a buggie too. After your walk, head in to Buttermere Village and enjoy some locally made ice cream at Syke Farm! It's made with milk from the farm's own Ayrshire Herd!


An isolated tornado is also possible, but not likely, forecasters said.
"Around 10:15 p.m. on Saturday, "deputies responded to a report of a submerged vehicle in floodwater" in Calhoun County", Springfield told PEOPLE in a statement. Mobile homes will be damaged or destroyed.
The National Weather Service was sending a survey team to Alto on Sunday to confirm if the storm was, indeed, a tornado. "There are a few tornado warnings and heavy thunderstorm warnings", Oravec said.
By Good Friday, another storm system comes in and gives us the chance for strong showers and storms again.
Deadly storms continue to move across the South after spawning suspected tornadoes and damaging several homes. Franklin is about 125 miles south of Dallas. No injuries were reported, and news footage showed shattered windows and rooftop debris. The parents in the front seats were not hurt.
In Pollok, Texas - about 150 miles (240km) southeast from Dallas - two children were killed when their family vehicle was hit by a falling pine tree.
More than 100 million people from the middle of the United States to the East Coast were at risk of extreme weather, facing warnings of heavy thunderstorms and another round of tornadoes, said NWS meteorologist Bob Oravec. The Stafford County Sheriff's Office said the unidentified woman, 78, had been asleep when the tree fell at 1:43 a.m.


This Super 20 is a beauty. The original laquer is in great shape (see photos) and it has been kept in tip-top shape.
It was built by H.N White & Co. in Cleveland, Ohio in the late 1950's.
This King has a solid silver neck, an underslung octave key, and that signature vintage King sound.


OK, so I recently came across a notice for Android Karenina , apparently the latest pastiche in the wave that began with Pride and Prejudice and Zombies , and includes titles like Sense and Sensibility and Sea Monsters , Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter and my favorite title, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Zombie Jim .
So, of course I began to wonder if Mormon titles could be used to create the same kind of work. Will Mormon eventually join this trend?
Author WmPosted on 07/09/2010 Categories Authoring, Culture, Genre, LiteratureTags Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter, Added Upon, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Zombie Jim, Android Karenina, Authored by Kent Larsen, Ben Hur, Book of Mormon, Corianton, derivative works, Homecoming Saga, Life of Brian, mash-up, pastiche, Pride and Prejudice and Zombies, Red Prophet, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead, Saturday's Warrior, Sense and Sensibility and Sea Monsters, Work and the Glory, zombie fiction31 Comments on Can 'MoLit' be Mashed?
It's an entertaining and insightful read that I've just posted at Reading Until Dawn (both PDF and HTML versions available there). Come take a look after you finish commenting on Laura's Harvest post.
And don't be scared: RUD's lone (were)wolf doesn't bite. But it just might inspire you to submit.


Avengers Disassembled – Now Read This!
A few years ago the "World's Mightiest Heroes" were shut down and rebooted in a highly publicised event known as Avengers Disassembled. Of course it was only to replace them with both The New and The Young Avengers. Affiliated comic-books such as the Fantastic Four and Spectacular Spider-Man ran parallel but not necessarily interconnected story-arcs to accompany the Big Show.
Said Big Show consisted of the worst day in the team's history as a trusted comrade betrayed the World's Mightiest Superteam resulting in the destruction of everything they held dear and the death of several members, all of which originally appeared in issues #500-503 plus the one-shot Avengers Finale. It is one of the best out and out superhero "Last Battles" ever created, and loses little impact whether this is your five hundredth or first experience with these tragic heroes.
Shocking and beautiful, there is a genuine feeling of an "End of Days" to this epic, and Bendis and the assembled artists David Finch, Danny Miki, Frank D'Armata, Alex Maleev, Steve Epting, Lee Weeks, Brian Reber, Michael Gaydos, Eric Powell, Darick Robertson, Morry Hollowell, Mike Mayhew, Andy Troy, David Mack, Gary Frank. Mike Avon Oeming, Pete Patanzis, Jim Cheung, Mark Morales, Justin Ponsor, Steve McNiven, George Perez, Mike Perkins, Neal Adams and Laura Martin are on top form to deliver a memorable and worthy Armageddon.
I hope I've been vague enough to give away nothing whilst making this intriguing. I hope I've convinced new readers to try something they might not have. I hope you're ready for an incredible reading experience.
© 2004 Marvel Characters, Inc. All Rights Reserved.