text:
Birding locations:
descriptions and directions
Also see: Google Maps version,
(below), thanks to Vic Laubach.
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(UPDATED MARCH 2020.) To see a detailed description of each of the birding locations in and around Augusta County, as well as the directions on how to get there, simply roll your mouse over the red-letter place names in the adjacent map. That description will be replaced by this text box when you roll the mouse away. To keep the description text box in place so that you can copy or print it, click on a red-letter place name to go to the portion of the list below according to geographical area (Central, Western, and Eastern Augusta County, as well as neighboring counties), and follow the instructions in the yellow boxes.
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Augusta County: Central
Bell's Lane, Staunton
DESCRIPTION: Rolling rural pasturelands that lie within the city limits of Staunton, on the northeast side. The northwest stretch, closer to town, consists of a lush wetland vale, while the central stretch is more elevated, offering spectacular views of the Shenandoah Valley. Noted for Baltimore orioles, Orchard orioles, Yellow warblers, Willow flycatchers, and Grasshopper sparrows in the summer, as well as Northern harriers, Short-eared owls, Canada geese, coots, and various ducks in the winter. The wetland habitat has been restored thanks to the riparian buffer program of the Valley Conservation Council.
DIRECTIONS: From I-81, take Exit 225 and head west on Route 262, which was formerly Route 275. The first left turn is Bell's Lane, which goes for about two miles, terminating on Commerce Road (the Route 11 bypass) just north of the VDOT complex. Much of Bell's Lane is quite narrow, requiring great caution when a vehicle approaches from the opposite direction. There are also a number of joggers and bicyclists when the weather is nice. Space for parking is limited to a few wide gravel or grass shoulders.
About a mile to the northeast is a stretch of Lewis Creek with several sycamore trees in which both kinds of orioles, kingbirds, and other songbirds are known to nest. Just take Route 262 (former 275) east from Bell's Lane, go past the I-81 exit, and turn left on the lane just after the bridge.
Montgomery Hall Park, Staunton
DESCRIPTION: Open fields and woodlands consisting of various types of vegetation, with a network of trails named after YuLee Larner, co-founder of the Augusta Bird Club. Quite variable in terms of the birds that are present. Many woodpeckers, Pewees, Great crested flycatchers, and even Yellow-billed cuckoos are often present. During migration season, occasional large clusters of warblers and vireos show up.
DIRECTIONS: In Staunton: Follow West Beverly Street and turn left on to Montgomery Avenue (across from the Thornrose Cemetery) to the park. Rest room.
Lake Tams, Staunton
DESCRIPTION: Large pond in the middle of Gypsy Hill Park. Canada geese, Mallards, various swallows are usually present, in the appropriate season. In the nearby wooded areas of the park, especially near the golf course, interesting songbirds can sometimes be found. Rest room.
DIRECTIONS: Take West Beverly St. to Thornrose Ave. Follow and turn into Gypsy Hill Park at stone archway and follow to Lake Tams.
Betsy Bell Hill, Staunton
DESCRIPTION: The bigger of the two hills you see when entering Staunton from the east or south. The prevalence of birds here is quite variable; woodpeckers, nuthatches, chickadees, and titmice are common throughout the year. During the spring and fall, there are occasional big fallouts of warblers and other neotropical migrants.
DIRECTIONS: From downtown Staunton, Take Rt. 11 South (Greenville Ave.) and turn left on Betsy Bell Road (by Burger King), proceeding uphill to the park. The street becomes narrow at the end, and parking is very limited, on rough gravel. Four-wheel drive vehicles can ascend to a small picnic area near the summit, with extreme caution.
Sanger's Lane
DESCRIPTION: Semi-open habitat in a flat river basin, suitable for a variety of songbirds, including Yellow Warblers, Red-wing Blackbirds, Killdeers, Bluebirds, Common Yellowthroats, and Cedar Waxwings. In recent years, dozens of Great Blue Herons have nested in a rookerie about a mile to the northeast.
DIRECTIONS: From US Highway 250 on the east side of Staunton, go east past the I-81 overpass and turn LEFT (north) at Route 792, where all the restaurants and motels are. Proceed uphill for about a half mile, then turn RIGHT on Route 794, which is Sanger's Lane. After another mile you will enter a flat valley where the Staunton water treatment plant is found. Further ahead there is a bridge across Christians Creek, after which the road is narrow and unpaved. After two miles or so it intersects with Route 642, which is Barren Ridge Road. Bear RIGHT (south) and go one mile until you reach Route 250 in Fishersville.
McCormick's Mill
DESCRIPTION: A historic farm where Cyrus McCormick invented and developed farm machinery, now used as an agricultural research station by Virginia Tech. Baltimore orioles regularly nest in the willow trees next to the old mill, and a variety of other songbirds, shorebirds, and raptors can be seen throughout the year.
DIRECTIONS: From Staunton, head south on I-81/I-64 for about 15 miles, then take exit 205 and head east for one half mile on Rt. 606. Just after the grove of trees, turn LEFT into McCormick's Mill. Alternative scenic route: From Staunton, head south on Route 11 (Greenville Ave.), passing under I-81/I-64, passing through the town of Greenville. Once you reach Steele's Tavern, turn RIGHT on Rt. 606 and go about a half mile. Rest room.
Springdale Water Gardens
DESCRIPTION: A variety of habitats, ideal for birding: open fields, woodlands, ponds, and streams.
DIRECTIONS: From I-81/64, take Exit 213 toward the east and then take Route 11 south toward Greenville. Go about 1.5 miles and turn right (just after the BB&T bank) onto Stover School Road. Go 2.3 miles and turn left onto Old Quarry Lane (Route 673). Proceed one mile to the nursery.
Augusta County: Western
To see the description text box so that you can copy or print it, click twice on the respective place name. To close that text box, or to reopen it again, simply click on the place name again.
DESCRIPTION: A mixture of rolling pastures, crop fields, woodlands, and wetlands, with a wide variety of songbirds and shorebirds. Among the notable birds sometimes fseen here are Red-headed Woodpeckers, Loggerhead Shrikes, and Bald Eagles.
DIRECTIONS: From Staunton, take West Beverley Street out of town, continuing along Rt. 254 for about three miles.
DESCRIPTION: A nicely developed nature observation area, with a boardwalk through a wetland area, upland trails, and a rest room. Phoebes, Green herons, Kingfishers, Yellowthroats, and Red-shouldered hawks are found here.
DIRECTIONS: From Staunton, either follow Rt. 250 west to Churchville, and turn left onto Rt. 42 south to Buffalo Gap; or else take West Beverly Street out of town, continuing along Rt. 254 until it reaches Buffalo Gap. Then, either turn RIGHT on Rt. 688 or continue for five miles on Rt. 42. There is a large parking area. Rest room.
Chimney Hollow
DESCRIPTION: Heavily wooded mountain ravine through hemlock forests, with a trail leading up toward Crawford Knob, which is part of North Mountain. Various warblers, flycatchers, and vireos are found here.
DIRECTIONS: From Staunton take Rt. 250 West about 15 miles. Soon after the road passes the (gentle) crest, there is a brown sign on the left and a small area to park on the right.
Braley's Pond
Braley's Pond (& Dowell's Draft)
DESCRIPTION: A fishing reservoir in the foothills circled by a trail. During warmer months, Scarlet Tanagers, various woodpeckers, Pine Warblers, and E. Phoebes are seen here. Winter Wrens, Kinglets, etc. are seen in colder months.
DIRECTIONS: From Staunton take Rt. 250 West about 15 miles, and turn RIGHT on Rt. 715, just before the town of West Augusta. Go about a half mile, and turn LEFT on a rugged gravel road, which leads to the parking area. Rest room.
ALTERNATIVE: Instead of making the final left turn, continue one quarter mile to a small, shaded parking area on the right side for the Dowell's Draft Trail. N. Parulas, Prairie Warblers, Ovenbirds, Blue-gray Gnatcatchers, etc. are seen there during the warmer seasons. NOTE: This trail and nearby Braley Pond may be affected by construction of the Atlantic Coast Pipeline, and preliminary tree-clearing was completed in 2018.
Confederate Breastworks
DESCRIPTION: A high mountain pass with spectacular views west toward Highland County. There is a parking area, historical Civil War markers, and a rest room. The trail leading north connects with Ramsey's Draft trails.
DIRECTIONS: From Staunton take Rt. 250 West about 22 miles, climbing Shenandoah Mountain along some hairpin curves just before you arrive at the summit. Rest room.
Ramsey's Draft (Web site)
Ramsey's Draft
DESCRIPTION: River runs through a rugged, boulder-strewn mountain valley. Moderate hikes up Shenandoah Mountain, or along the trail that parallels the stream, crossing back and forth several times. (Caution: occasional rattlesnakes on the rocks.) Redstarts, Blackburnian warblers, Black-throated green warblers, Worm-eating warblers, Parulas, Louisiana waterthrushes, and vireos are all common during breeding season. Rose-breasted grosbeaks breed at higher elevations.
DIRECTIONS: From Staunton, take Rt. 250 West about 20 miles to the Ramsey's Draft Picnic Area. Rest room.
Todd Lake
DESCRIPTION: Man-made reservoir featuring a swimming beach, in rugged back-country mountains with plenty of trails, including one to the top of nearby Trimble Mountain.
DIRECTIONS: From Staunton take Rt. 250 west to Churchville; turn right onto Rt. 42 north for about five miles to the town of Parnassus. Turn left at Rt. 760, go about three miles, then turn left at Rt. 747 and right on Rt. 730 through the town of Stokesville, taking Rt. 718 into the George Washington National Forest, then left on FS Road 95. Or from Natural Chimneys, take Rt. 731 to Rt. 730 toward Stokesville. Alternatively, continue on Rt. 250 west for nine miles past Churchville to the Calfpasture River bridge, just before the town of West Augusta. Turn right on Rt. 715, which leads into the National Forest, and FS Roads 96, 95B, 95, and 85. Rest rooms.
Elkhorn Lake, Staunton Reservoir
DESCRIPTION: Man-made reservoirs in rugged back-country mountains with plenty of trails. Bald Eagles and various waterfowl are sometimes seen here, especially during migration season.
Hearthstone Lake
DESCRIPTION: Man-made reservoir in rugged back-country mountains with plenty of trails. Woodcock, Scarlet Tanagers, and various warblers are seen here.
DIRECTIONS: From Staunton take Rt. 250 west to Churchville; turn right onto Rt. 42 north for about five miles to the town of Parnassus. Turn left at Rt. 760, go about three miles, then turn left at Rt. 747 and right on Rt. 730 through the town of Stokesville, taking Rt. 718 into the George Washington National Forest, then right on Tilman Rd. (FS Road 101). Or from Natural Chimneys, take Rt. 731 to Rt. 730 toward Stokesville.
Natural Chimney Regional Park
DESCRIPTION: Woods and open fields, plus amazing geological cliff formations. Entry fee required for most of the year.
DIRECTIONS: From Staunton take Rt. 250 west to Churchville; turn right onto Rt. 42 north for about eight miles to the town of Moscow. (!) Turn left at Rt. 731, go through the town of Mount Solon, and continue for a half mile into the park. Rest room. Web site
Elliott Knob
DESCRIPTION: Mountain peak. At the upper elevations are found several species that normally breed in northern latitudes, such as Juncos, Yellow-rumped warblers, Canada warblers, and Rose-breasted grosbeaks.
DIRECTIONS: From Staunton, either follow Rt. 250 west to Churchville, and turn left onto Rt. 42 south to Buffalo Gap; or else take West Beverly Street out of town, continuing along Rt. 254 until it reaches Buffalo Gap. Either turn RIGHT on Rt. 688 or continue for six miles on Rt. 42 and turn RIGHT on Forest Service Rd. 82. Forest Service Map recommended. Just before Rt. 42 crests and turns downhill, there are two gravel turnoffs with Forest Service gates, with limited parking space for those who want to hike directly to the top of Elliott Knob along the very rugged Forest Service Rd. 1448. For those with suitable four-wheel drive vehicles, permission to open those gates may be granted. Web site
Shenandoah Boy Scout Camp
DESCRIPTION: A lake and marsh at the edge of a wooded area on the eastern slope of Great North Mountain, with rolling fields. Coots, Pied-bill Grebes, and various ducks are often seen there in the colder months.
DIRECTIONS: From I 81 take Exit 220 to Rt. 262 S and follow to Rt. 252. Take Rt. 252 S to Rt. 693 (Cedar Green Rd.). Go about 2 miles to Rt. 703 (Hebron Church Rd.). Go about 2 miles and turn left onto Rt. 708. Follow Boy Scout signs to Camp Shenandoah.
Augusta County: Eastern
DESCRIPTION: A well-preserved mountain forest habitat, featuring the Appalachian Trail alng the crest of the Blue Ridge and many side trails at various elevations.
DIRECTIONS: From Afton Mountain / Rockfish Gap on Interstate 64, take exit 99. Turn onto Rt. 250 East and follow signs toward the Shenandoah National Park (north); the Blue Ridge Parkway heads south. There are dozens of scenic overlooks and trail heads with parking lots. Rest rooms.
Rt. 610 / Blue Ridge Parkway
DESCRIPTION: Country road parallel to the Blue Ridge Parkway. Most of the route consists of mature oak woodlands in which Scarlet tanagers, Red-eyed vireos, and various warblers are found during breeding season. There is one stretch of semi-open land full of Mountain laurel bushes and pine trees; Pine warblers are common there. Across from the golf course is a moist brushy area in which Yellow-breasted chats are sometimes seen. Ravens regularly nest atop the communications tower located a mile or so south of the golf course.
DIRECTIONS: From Afton Mountain / Rockfish Gap on Interstate 64, take exit 99. Turn onto Rt. 250 East and follow signs toward the Blue Ridge Parkway. Turn right onto Rt. 610 just before the entrance to the parkway. The road is to narrow with no roadside parking for the first mile or two. Further south, past the golf course, there are occasional wide shoulders for parking. Rest room.
Cowbane / Shen. Wetlands Bank
Cowbane Prairie / Shenandoah Wetlands
The Cowbane Prairie Natural Area Preserve features wet prairies, mesic prairies, and calcareous spring marshes which were once common in the Shenandoah Valley. 101 bird species are found here. A new section across the South River was opened in 2020.
DIRECTIONS (to the new section entrance): From the center of Stuarts Draft, head west on Rt. 340, turn left onto Indian Ridge Rd. go about two miles southwest, then bear left onto Offliter Rd., go for one mile, then turn left onto Grouse Ridge Rd. and immediately turn right onto Bowmans Run Rd. and continue until the very end.
On the other (south) side of the South River, the Shenandoah Wetlands Bank includes a series of interconnected ponds. It has been known to feature Common Yellowthroats, Woodcocks, Bobwhites, Virginia Rail, Sora, and Snipes.
DIRECTIONS: Take Draft Ave. (Rt. 608) south from the old part of Stuarts Draft, bearing right (west) at the intersection with Cold Springs Rd. (Rt. 610); continue for about two miles to sign marking the wetlands. NOTE: This area is NOT open to the public. Augusta Bird Club members have been granted access, and should put a note or something in the car window to indicate they are a member. Parking is extremely limited and visitors must not block the gate. Please request permission from Mr. Ryan Klopf, Mountain Region Steward, Virginia Department of Conservation & Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, at (540) 265-5234.
Also, to the north and east of Stuarts Draft one finds mostly open fields that often serve as the winter home of Horned Larks, American Pipits, Northern Harriers and other raptors, as well as ponds that often have interesting waterfowl.
DIRECTIONS to water treatment plant (pond): From Rt. 608 in the old part of Stuarts Draft, take Rt. 639 north (actually east) for about one mile. Turn right and continue for about a half mile to the water treatment plant.
DIRECTIONS to Hall School Road (fields): From Rt. 340 about three miles east of Stuarts Draft, turn south onto Rt. 632 (Hall School Road) and go for about a mile.
DIRECTIONS to Guthrie Road (fields): From I-64 at the Fishersville exit, take Rt. 608 south for about two miles. Just after the bend, turn right on Guthrie Road (Rt. 652), which is gravel.
Route 652 / Guthrie Road
DESCRIPTION: Allen Larner frequents this area during the winter months, and often finds Horned larks, American pipits, and sometimes even Rusty blackbirds.
DIRECTIONS: From I-64 at the Fishersville exit, take Rt. 608 south for almost two miles. Just after the bend, turn right on Guthrie Road, which is gravel. It passes several feedlots and cornfields, and eventually intersects with Rt. 340.
Sherando Lake
DESCRIPTION: Scenic, densely wooded mountain terrain. Several trails circle the two lakes, and some connect with the trails atop the Blue Ridge.
DIRECTIONS: From I-64 at Waynesboro, take Exit 96 and head south on Route 624 until you reach the town of Sherando. Then turn LEFT onto Route 664, and continue three miles south. The park (entrance fee required) is reached by FS Road 81. Rest room.
Big Levels, Sinkhole ponds
DESCRIPTION: There are a variety of backcountry roads and trails along the northeastern slope of Big Levels, an extension of the Blue Ridge south of Stuarts Draft. Caution: It is a major hunting area, so avoid it during hunting season.
DIRECTIONS: From Route FS Road 42 near Sherando, take Route 664 and head west. (???) Alternatively, take Route 608 in Stuarts Draft and head south, past the camp ground, continuing uphill along an unmarked gravel road until you reach a fork intersection. Turn LEFT (east) and go for a half mile or so until you reach a primitive camping / parking area. That is the trailhead to reach the main reservoir.
Ridgeview Park, Waynesboro
DESCRIPTION: A flat, mostly wooded area along the South River, featuring a number of trails. Red-eyed vireos, flycatchers, and woodpeckers are common, and a number of neotropical migrants can been seen in the spring and fall. Red-shouldered hawks have nested here. The Augusta Bird Club has had its annual spring picnic here for the past two years.
DIRECTIONS: From West Main Street in Waynesboro, turn right onto Magnolia Avenue (East of the intersection of Broad and West Main), and proceed three blocks to the park. Rest room.
Coyner Springs Park, Waynesboro
DESCRIPTION: Easy walks through fields, small wooded areas and along the creek. Public facilities available. Baltimore orioles and Bluebirds nest here, and a variety of sparrows are found as well.
DIRECTIONS: From Main Street in downtown Waynesboro, turn onto Wayne Avenue. Follow Wayne Avenue over the South River and bear right onto Lyndhurst Road. Follow Lyndhurst Road about 2 miles, crossing over Rt. 64, and the park will be on your right. Enter through the gate in the middle of two large pastures. Rest room.
Madison Run Fire Road
Madison Run
DESCRIPTION: A gated fire road leading up into Shenandoah National Park, with connections to other nearby trails. Spring brings some of the first migrants, such as Blue-headed Vireos and Louisiana Waterthrushes. Scarlet Tanagers and Blue-gray Gnatcatchers are common in the summer. There has been one Goshawk record as well.
DIRECTIONS: From Grottoes on Route 340, turn east onto Route 659; you will come to a barred gravel road that parallels Madison Run. Moderate hike up this road and into the Shenandoah National Park.
Leonard's Pond
DESCRIPTION: A big mud puddle has served as a stopover point for an amazing variety of shorebirds over the years, including several rare species. Killdeers and swallows are often abundant. Named after Leonard Tueber, a long-time bird enthusiast in our area.
DIRECTIONS: Head north on I-81, take Exit 235 and turn right, heading east on Rt. 256 into Weyer's Cave. At the main intersection, turn LEFT (north) on Route 276 for about 3.5 miles, crossing the North River. When you reach an area that is very flat with some hills visible off to your left you are getting close. Turn LEFT on Faught's Road; the pond is on the left. Park along the side of the road.
K's Pond
DESCRIPTION: It's nothing more than an oversized mud puddle at the edge of a corn field, but some remarkable birds have been seen there, including a Glossy ibis and a Sora in August 2006.
DIRECTIONS: Follow the same directions as for Leonard's Pond (above), but continue for about four more miles north on Route 276. Then turn RIGHT (southeast) on Route 659, Port Republic Road, for about four miles. Just before you get to the Shenandoah River bridge, turn LEFT (north) on Lawyer Road. Proceed for about three miles, and then turn RIGHT (east) on Lynnwood Road. You will quickly see the pond on your right.
DESCRIPTION: Silver Lake does not freeze completely and is a haven for wintering waterfowl.
DIRECTIONS: From Harrisonburg take Route 42 South and turn right at the first traffic light as you enter the town of Dayton. Continue 0.1 mile to a Stop sign. Turn right (north) on Silver Lake Road (Route 701). You will see the mill and the lake on your left in about 0.1 mile. There are signs on Route 42 directing you to the Silver Lake Mill. Rest room.
Lake Campbell
DESCRIPTION: Regulars include Mallards, Herons, Belted Kingfishers, and Canada Geese. A stopping place for diving ducks during the late winter and early spring.
DIRECTIONS: From Harrisonburg take Route 33 East. About 1 mile east of the city limits turn right (southwest) unto Massanetta Springs Road (Route 687). About 1 mile from Route 33 you will find Lake Campbell on the right side of the road, a small lake on the Massanetta Springs Conference Center grounds.
Lake Shenandoah
DESCRIPTION: Lake Shenandoah covers 37 acres, and is a good spot for winter ducks and winter residents (pine forest on the north side of the lake). Gulls and terns are found during spring migration.
DIRECTIONS: Take Route Port Republic Road (Route 659) about two miles southeast of the city limits, and turn left (east) onto Lake Shenandoah Road (Route 689). Look for the brown sign that says "Public Fishing Lake." Go 3/4 of a mile, over a hill, and then turn right onto Massanetta Springs Road (Route 687). Continue about 1/2 mile south until you reach the parking lot.
Note: This lake is managed by the VDGIF and you are welcome to walk around the north side of the lake but please respect the private property notices on the south side. Rest room.
Switzer Lake
DESCRIPTION: Good spot for spring migrants and breeding species. Bald Eagles are seen fairly regularly.
DIRECTIONS: From Harrisonburg take Route 33 West to the small town of Rawley Springs about 10-11 miles west of Harrisonburg. Continue west on Route 33 for about another 8 miles. Turn south on a gravel access road about halfway up Shenandoah Mountain to get to this lake.
Reddish Knob - Flagpole Knob - Bother Knob - Slate Springs
DESCRIPTION: High mountains, featuring Red Crossbills, Canada Warblers, Black-throated Blue Warblers, Black-throated Green Warblers, Chestnut-sided Warblers, Veeries, and Ruffed Grouse.
DIRECTIONS: All of these locations are along the ridge of Shenandoah Mountain. From I-81 take Exit 245, Bridgewater, and turn left onto Route 257. Route 257 will pass through Mt. Crawford and into downtown Bridgewater. At the traffic light in downtown Bridgewater, turn right (northeast) which is Main Street, a continuation of Route 257, and Route 42 North. Continue on Route 42/257 to the town of Dayton. In Dayton turn left (west) at the first traffic light marked as Route 257 about 10 miles to Briery Branch. In Briery Branch turn right onto Briery Branch Road, Route 924, and continue on this road to the top of the ridge of Shenandoah Mountain.
At this point, Briery Branch Gap, the paved road to the left leads to Reddish Knob and the gravel Forest Service road to the right leads north along the ridge to Bother Knob, Flagpole Knob, Slate Spring, and Block and Dunkel Hollows. The center road leads down the west side of Shenandoah Mountain into Sugar Grove, WV. Following the paved road to the left will bring you an excellent lookout (former site of a fire tower) on Reddish Knob.
(Little) Calfpasture River(s)
DESCRIPTION: ???
DIRECTIONS: Route 42 follows the Little Calfpasture River in southwestern Augusta County, and Calfpasture River flows along scenic Route 600 thrugh an area known as Marble Valley.
Highland Retreat Camp
DESCRIPTION: Saw-whet Owl banding site during November. To make arrangements, contact Dr. Clair Mellinger at the Eastern Mennonite University Biology Department in Harrisonburg at (540) 432-4409, or else send e-mail.
DIRECTIONS: From Rt. 81 take Exit 257, Broadway/Mauzy. Follow Route 259 West through Broadway. About 15 miles west of Broadway, on the right hand side of the road, you will see a large sign for Highland Retreat Camp. A smaller "street sign" will say Upper Highland Drive. DO NOT TURN HERE. Continue about 0.4 miles further and you will see a smaller sign for Highland Retreat Camp with a "street sign" saying Lower Highland
Drive. Turn right into the camp (gravel) driveway here. Bear left where the driveway splits into a Y and you will see the Tabernacle building ahead of you (not the building on the right side of the driveway). There should be some lights on around the building and look for a white Dodge pick-up truck parked on the right side of the building. Banding is done in a small room in the tabernacle building; there should be a light. If banders are not in the room, please wait. Do not try to find the nets..
Bear Mountain Farm
DIRECTIONS: Located about 13 miles west of Monterey off 250. Go through Monterey, through Hightown on 250 west. Go about 6 more miles and go left on 601 . Follow the dirt road on the top of the ridge, through 2 cattle gates and then past a big field on your left. Take a left through the gate (a sign for us is on the gate, go down the driveway a bit. (Thanks to Brenda Tekin.)
Patti Patti Reum and Tom Brody
Bear Mountain Farm and Wilderness Retreat
2599 Bear Mountain Rd.
Monterey, VA. 24465
www.mountain-retreat.com
Goshen Pass
DESCRIPTION: Rugged mountain terrain, surrounded by forests. Spectacular views of the river canyon.
DIRECTIONS: Take I-81 south into Rockbridge County, and take exit 205 into the town of Raphine. Continue on Route 606 until you reach Route 252, turn left (south) until you reach Route 39, then turn right (north) and go for about ten miles, passing through the town of Rockbridge Baths. Rest room.
Altnernatively, you can follow the directions to Augusta Springs and continue southwest along Route 42, crossing into Rockbridge County. At the town of Goshen, turn left (south) on Route 39 and go five or so miles until you reach the picnic areas along the Maury River. There are also some hiking trails in that area.
Licking Hole Creek
DESCRIPTION: A wooded area along a stream, featuring a wide variety of songbirds, especially during migration seasons.
DIRECTIONS: Take I-64 east into Albemarle County, then take exit 107 onto Rt. 250 east, and turn left on Old Trail Road into the town of Crozet. Licking Hole Creek can be accessed from a variety of places in the area.
Compiled by Peter Van Acker and Andrew Clem, based in part on Birds of Augusta County, edited by YuLee Larner. In case of any errors or omission, please contact the Webmaster.
Google Map!
Many thanks to Vic Laubach for using Google Maps to come up with this map, which can be edited by Google users:
View Augusta County Birding Hotspots in a larger map
NOTE: This is a small, embedded version of the map which is hosted on google.com.
Augusta Bird Club © 2020
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(Scrolling menu) Choose location: Augusta Springs Bear Mountain Farm Bell's Lane Betsy Bell Hill Big Levels Boy Scout Camp Blue Ridge Parkway / Rt. 610 Shenandoah National Park Braley Pond Chimney Hollow Confederate Breastworks Coyner Springs Park Elliott Knob Todd Lake Elkhorn Lake, etc. Guthrie Road / Rt. 652 Highland Retreat Camp K's Pond (Little) Calfpasture Rivers Lake Campbell Lake Shenandoah Lake Tams Leonard's Pond Madison Run Fire Road McCormick's Mill Montgomery Hall Park Natural Chimney Ramsey's Draft Reddish Knob, etc. Ridgeview Park Sanger's Lane Sherando Lake Silver Lake Springdale Water Gardens Stuarts Draft Water treatment plant Switzer Lake Swoope Goshen Pass
On the left side of this page is a list of the most popular birding locations in and around Augusta County, grouped according to geographical area. You can navigate from one place to another by using the scrolling menu above (listed alphabetically) or by clicking on the red-letter place names in the adjacent map. Then, just click on the place names next to the triangles to see a detailed description of that birding location and the directions. Click on the place name a second time to close that description. (Javascript must be enabled on your browser for this page to function properly.)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


1899 Randall Thompson – American composer (d.1984); his most popular and recognizable choral work is Alleluia, commissioned by Serge Koussevitzky for the opening of the Berkshire Music Center at Tanglewood.
1918 premiere of Sergei Prokofiev's Symphony No. 1 'Classical' in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) conducted by the composer; written in conscious emulation of the style of Joseph Haydn.
1933 Easley Blackwood – American composer, pianist and music professor (86 years old); author of a very substantial treatise on music, A Practical Musician's Guide to Tonal Harmony.
1937 premiere of Aaron Copland's play-opera for high school The Second Hurricane at the Grand Street Playhouse in New York, with Lehman Engle conducting and Orson Welles directing the staged production; one professional adult actor, Joseph Cotton, also participated (he was paid $10).
1948 first performance of Vaughan Williams's Symphony No. 6 at Royal Albert Hall in London, by the BBC Symphony, Sir Adrian Boult conducting; to post-war audiences who associated the work's often violent character with the detonation of the atomic bombs over Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the composer said, "It never seems to occur to people that a man might just want to write a piece of music."


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Pambadum Shola National Park
Pampadum Shola National Park is the smallest national park in Kerala state, South India. The park is administered by the Kerala Department of Forests and Wildlife, Munnar Wildlife Division, together with the nearby Mathikettan Shola National Park, Eravikulam National Park, Anamudi Shola National Park, Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary and the Kurinjimala Sanctuary. The park adjoins the Allinagaram Reserved Forest within the proposed Palani Hills Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park. The name Pampadum Shola means, the forest where the snake dances, derived from three Tamil words, paamp, which means "snake", aattam, means dance and cholai, means forest. Shola may be considered as a mis-speller of cholai. The keystone species here is the highly elusive and endangered, endemic small carnivore, the Nilgiri marten. Leopards and Indian wild dogs are sometimes sighted at dusk or dawn, tigers are an important animal of the park. The Old Kodaikanal-Munnar Road nearby is closed due to the growing population of wildlife such as elephants, buffaloes gaur and Nilgiri langurs. Some notable birds found here include the Nilgiri wood-pigeon, white-bellied shortwing, vernal hanging parrot, blue rock-thrush, blue-capped rock-thrush and Nilgiri flycatcher, and black-and-orange flycatchers. 35 km away from the Munnar town in Idukki district, another prominent hill station in Kerala the Pambadum Shola is located in the eastern part of Southern Western Ghats of Kerala on the way to Vattavada. The region with its captivating beauty is fast becoming a favourite eco-tourism destination in Kerala. The green meadows, clear blue sky, clean air and the thick foliage are something irresistible for any tourist. Eco-tourism activities here are organized jointly by the Department of Forest and Eco-development Committees comprising members of the local tribal communities. This guarantees an authentic, secure and intimate experience of wilderness to the visitors.


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TiVo circling the drain January 19, 2023
The new phone books are here! The new phone books are here!
Steve Martin joke aside, two days ago, we got a bunch of new phone books delivered to the house. That's no big deal, I've been seeing phone books at the house for as long as I can remember (and even one disasterous time Lynn and I delivered them, too!). Anyway, I left them there because I knew tonight was a recycling night, so I'd sort them out tonight and put the old ones out for the City of Garland to take away with all the other recycling we put out there.
So after dinner tonight I went into the coat closet, and started to drag out the phone books that were in there. Much to my horror I discovered we had THIRTEEN phone books in there! Now some of them are my fault, as they're old, but even still there's way too many. To make matters worse, the bags I brought in from the front porch had duplicates! It was the AT&T Yellow Pages (used to be SBC Pages), and it's companion "mini" book. But I got two copies of each. Exact same thing – so I got four new phone books! Here's what I got new tonight, you can see the new January 2006 AT&T Yellow Pages with it's mini version sitting on top of the main one:
OK, I can let that go, someone dropped off an extra copy, but given how many I already have it just made the discard pile larger. Speaking of the discard pile, here's an inventory of what phone books I had after putting them all together.
Area Wide Directory:
2002-2003 Edition
Verizon:
Greater Dallas: April 2005
Garland – Mesquite: 2002-2003
Garland – Mesquite: Sep 2005
SBC:
Mesquite – Seagoville: May 2005
Greater Dallas: Jan 2005
Greater Dallas Mini: Jan 2005
Greater Dallas Residence White: Jun 2004
Greater Dallas Business White: Jun 2004
Richardson – Garland – Plano – Jun 2004
Mesquite – Rockwall – Terrell – May 2004
East Regional – May 2002
AT&T:
Greater Dallas – Jan 2006 x2
Greater Dallas Mini – Jan 2006 x2
Why do we need so many local editions? The regular "Greater Dallas" one is pretty darn huge to begin with. They might as well have one mega edition with all the silly little local ones incorporated in there, and split it from like A-L and M-Z. They could also make more money on cover ads, which I'm sure are a big deal to them. Granted, a few of these are my own fault for letting sit around (2002?), but even without those old ones, there's too many "current" editions. Here's my discard pile (L-R: Verizon, Area Wide, SBC):
That's a huge pile of phone books. All of the ones in the picture above are now sitting in the recycle bin out in our back yard, so the City of Garland truck will pick it up tomorrow morning when it comes down my alley. Out of all that stuff, this is all I am keeping (the one down front):
After talking to my wife, we never use the white pages books, we never use any of the non SBC (now AT&T again, but that's a rant for another blog entry) books, so I decided to keep just the main Greater Dallas one from AT&T, but not the mini, which appears to be the same thing except in smaller print. So three of the four books dropped off on our doorstep two days ago are already out in the bin.
I also contacted Verizon's Superpages and Area Wide and asked how you can stop them from sending books. Anyone know of a good way to stop phone companies from sending you books? There doesn't seem to be a way to do that that I can find.
What a waste.
BTW, a special thanks goes out to my wife for getting me to do this. I was sitting there in the foyer sorting the books and complaining about all of them. So I hear from the other room "I smell a blog entry", to which I replied "Good idea, there hasn't been any rants on my blog lately – it's been too happy". However, I think the real reason she said that was to get me to stop complaining and move the rant to the blog instead of in her ear. :)
This is the kind of spontaneous publicity I need. My name in print. That really makes somebody. Things are going to start happening to me now.
Mike StewartART says:
hEY….. CHUNK the ATT and keep the Verizon book….. it will give me better job security! lol
Nice blog btw.
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text:
Philotimus () (4th and 3rd centuries BC) was an eminent Greek physician, a pupil of Praxagoras, and a fellow pupil of Herophilus. He was also a contemporary of Erasistratus, and is quoted by Heraclides of Tarentum, and therefore must have lived in the 4th and 3rd centuries BC. Celsus mentions him as one of the eminent physicians of antiquity; and he is quoted by several of the ancient medical writers, viz. Caelius Aurelianus, Oribasius, Aëtius, and very frequently by Galen.

He belonged to the Logical or Dogmatic school, and wrote several medical works, of which only a few fragments remain. Athenaeus quotes a work on Cookery, and another on Food, consisting of at least thirteen books; this later work is several times quoted by Galen. In an anatomical treatise, he pronounced the brain and the heart to be useless organs, and the former to be merely an excessive development and offshoot of the spinal marrow. Philotimus is quoted in various other parts of Galen's writings, and Plutarch relates an anecdote of him. He is also quoted by the scholiast on Homer.

Notes

4th-century BC Greek physicians
3rd-century BC Greek physicians

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The Christmas lights are up around town now. The adverts are constantly on TV... Maybe you have already booked a venue for the office party? Have you thought about your Christmas Party Entertainment?
Trying to make your party stand out can be rather tricky. Does it seem like the same thing every year? A dinner, some crackers followed by a cheesy disco?
Get in touch now to see how having a Christmas Party Magician can make a huge difference to the atmosphere of the night. Performing magic can help break the ice, especially at the start of the party when people are just arriving. People may not know one another and feel shy, so a magician can get people talking and interacting in fun ways.
Last year I was privileged to perform magic at the British Army Personnel Recovery Centre in Catterick Garrison. At the start of the night everyone was a bit unsure what to expect but by the end of the night they wouldn't let me go! It was great to see these men and women's faces light up with my magic. Let's hope this year is just as fun!


text:
ABOUT HERPAS
CONTACT HERPAS
Special Issues of Rangelands
Pastoral Landscape
Rangeland types of Greece
Legislation and Institutional Framework for the rangelands
Rangeland Ecology and Biodiversity
Issues and Threats of the Rangeland Ecosystems of Greece
Small ruminant farming systems
Analysis of brown hare (Lepus europaeus) habitat based on SPOT imagery and GIS in Epirus region, western Greece
The brown hare (Lepus europaeus) is a widely distributed species in Europe, especially in agroecosystems. In Greece, its distribution covers mainly meadows and forests and shrublands with openings. Hare is absent or at extremely low densities in farmlands. This situation is typical for Epirus region, Western Greece, where a 3-year research project (1998-2000) concerning hare ecology and management was carried out. The basic tools for spatial analysis include technologies, as geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing, and spatial statistics. In this work the habitat diversity is connected to the hare distribution in the region of Epirus based upon the methodological and technological developments of spatial analysis. Initially, a mosaic of SPOT multispectral images is generated covering the total hare distribution in Epirus. The classification of the resulted image identifies and describes relatively homogeneous basic units of the landscape. The hare habitat and density are input to GIS environment in thematic layers as polygons. Furthermore, the classified areas and hare distribution are overlaid and analyzed. The preliminary results of this research project showed low hare densities in a significant part of Epirus area, especially in farmlands and low elevation areas. However, another part of hare range supports medium hare densities. The characteristics of areas with medium hare densities is extracted in order to be used as the basis for habitat improvement actions in the rest areas. Management guidelines for hare habitat were prepared to supply the competent authorities of Greek Ministry of Agriculture.
Authors:A. Sfougaris1, C. Domenikiotis 2 and N. Dalezios 2
1Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Agricultural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou str., N. Ionia, 384 46 Volos Greece Εmail:asfoug@agr.uth.gr 2 Department of Agriculture Animal Production and Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou str., N. Ionia, 384 46 Volos Greece
Keywords:Brown hare, habitat, satellite images, Geographic Information System (G.I.S.)
PDF File:Download Publication PDF File
Book:RANGE SCIENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS - Proceedings of the 3rd Panhellenic Rangeland Congress in Karpenissi, 4-6 September 2002 (Edited by: Panagiotis D. Platis, Athanasios I. Sfougaris, Thomas G. Papachristou, Alexandrow G. Tsiontsis)
(Greek) 9ο Πανελλήνιο Λιβαδοπονικό Συνέδριο: Πρόγραμμα και πληροφορίες διαμονής και μετακίνησης September 13, 2018
© Copyright 2008-2015 by HERPAS - Hosted by Alt3rnet


text:
Summary Judgment Denied in Suit Alleging Breach of Voting Agreement
June 15, 2020 | Peter S. Lubin and Patrick Austermuehle
After CEO and Chairman of closely held company was removed by board of directors, he sued, requesting specific performance of the removal of the other members of the board. The Chancery Court dismissed several claims in the complaint for want of personal jurisdiction, and also denied the CEO's motion for summary judgment, finding that each side of the litigation alleged disputed facts and complex legal theories not appropriate for resolution on summary judgment.
In 2016, Craig Bouchard founded Braidy Industries, Inc., a Delaware corporation with principal places of business in Kentucky and Massachusetts whose purpose is to manufacture efficient and eco-friendly aluminum alloys. Bouchard served as CEO, Chairman of the board of directors, and Secretary. The board also consisted of John Preston, Charles Price, Michael Porter, and Christopher Schuh. All members of the board were Braidy stockholders.
In 2018, Bouchard and the other directors entered into an Amended and Restated Voting Agreement. The directors and Bouchard executed the agreement in their capacity as stockholders. The board unanimously approved the agreement, and the agreement was referenced throughout the Braidy bylaws. The agreement specified that only persons who were nominated in accordance with the agreement were eligible for election as directors. The agreement also contained provisions regarding the removal of directors.
In January 2020, the Board held a special meeting. During this meeting, all members of the board except Bouchard voted to remove Bouchard as Secretary and replace him with Preston. The board also voted to remove Bouchard as Chairman and CEO and appoint Price and Tom Modrowski to those positions. Bouchard objected to his removal, claiming that it was in contravention of the agreement and that he had the right under the agreement to dismiss the other members of the board. Bouchard then filed suit in February 2020 alleged breach of the Voting Agreement.
Several of the stockholder defendants filed a motion to dismiss the first count of the complaint for lack of personal jurisdiction, while Preston filed a motion to dismiss the count against him for lack of personal jurisdiction as well as failure to state a claim. Bouchard moved for summary judgment on the entirety of the complaint. The defendants responded by claiming that actions taken by the board to issue a stock split, adopt several amendments, and expand the size of the board from six to eighteen seats mooted Bouchard's requests for specific performance.
The Delaware Chancery Court began by addressing the status of the stockholder defendants. The court found that it lacked personal jurisdiction over the defendants. The court found that the voting agreement did not contain a consent to personal jurisdiction, only a consent to equitable remedies. The court further found that the defendants had not waived their ability to object to personal jurisdiction via their pre-litigation conduct. The court then stated that the plaintiffs had identified no statutory basis for jurisdiction over the stockholder defendants and that the claims against them must be dismissed.
Next, the court found that it lacked personal jurisdiction over the claims asserted against Preston. The plaintiffs had relied on Delaware's director consent statute, 10 Del. C. § 3114(a) to provide jurisdiction. The court, however, determined that the complaint did not state a claim against Preston in his role as Secretary. Therefore, the court reasoned, the count did not implicate Preston's corporate powers for personal jurisdiction purposes, and it was therefore dismissed.
Next, the court determined that Bouchard was entitled to judgment on the pleadings on Braidy's affirmative defense of unclean hands. The court found that Braidy's unclean hands defense did not ber an immediate and necessary relation to Bouchard's claims for breach of contract. The court noted that the defense related to Bouchard's alleged misuse of company funds, self-dealing, and other wrongful acts, which related to Bouchard's fiduciary duties as a director and officer, not to his rights under the agreement or to Braidy's obligations under the agreement.
Finally, the court denied Bouchard's motion for summary judgment. The court found that the defendant's interpretation of the agreement was correct. The court further found that each side of the litigation had raised several issues relating to the effectiveness of the actions taken by the board to moot Bouchard's request for specific performance. The court stated that some arguments raised disputed facts or complicated legal theories and were therefore not appropriate for resolution on summary judgment. The court, therefore, denied the motion for summary judgment.
You can read the full decision here.
With indisputable convenience for clients, we cover Chicagoland and beyond with offices in Chicago, Elmhurst, and Wilmette. Keep in mind that Lubin Austermuehle also assists businesses and business owners who are accused or victims of shareholder oppression.
At Lubin Austermuehle, we focus on relationships and are driven by results. When it comes to unraveling complex business disputes, we are proud of our track record of outright victories in court or substantial and lucrative settlements for our valued clients. We are here for clients from Wheaton to Lake Forest and any city you can name, where we've earned a name for justice and just compensation. Take advantage of our FREE consultation where we can discuss your legal needs and our ability to meet them. Call 833-305-4933 or contact us via our website by clicking here. We look forward to speaking with you.
Posted in: Shareholder Squeeze Out
Tagged: Chicago Shareholder Squeeze Out Attorney
Updated: May 26, 2020 11:44 am
Swimming Coach Sued by Former Employer for Launching Competing Company — Chicago Non-Compete Agreement Lawyers January 16, 2021


1 tree0 trees planted in memory of Katie Chilton.
After a sudden and brief illness, Katie Ann (Gregson) Chilton passed away March 15, 2019, at Providence Alaska Medical Center in Anchorage, Alaska.
Katie was born May 9, 1978, in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and had been a Juneau resident for the past 31 years. In addition to being an avid New England sports fan, she loved to watch her children play, and cheering for the local teams. She was passionate about spending time with her family, and loved them fiercely.
Katie is survived by, the love of her life, her husband, Geoffrey Chilton; her daughters, Mackenzie and Mikaila McDonald-Cox; her sons, Dominic McDonald-Cox and Jack Gregson; her father and mother, Jack and Terri Gregson; her sisters Kris Gregson- Clark, Coreena Neumire, Soncheri Gregson; her father and mother in-law, Vaughn Chilton and Selena Beierly; her brothers in-law, Keith Neumire, Gregory Chilton, and Geno Vick; and her sisters in-law, Sabrina Vick and Ronamay Chilton. She is also survived by many aunts, uncles, cousins, nieces and nephews.
To plant a tree in memory of Katie Chilton, please visit our Tribute Store.


Tovar-Luna, I., A.L. Goetsch, R. Puchala, T. Sahlu, G.E. Carstens, H.C. Freetly, and Z.B. Johnson. 2007. "Efficiency Of Energy Use For Maintenance And Gain By Growing Crossbred Boer And Spanish Goats Consuming Diets Differing In Forage Level". Small Ruminant Research 67 (1). Small Ruminant Research: 20 - 27. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.09.002. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S092144880500355X.
Tovar-Luna, I., A.L. Goetsch, R. Puchala, T. Sahlu, G.E. Carstens, H.C. Freetly, and Z.B. Johnson. 2007. "Effects Of Diet Quality On Energy Expenditure By 20-Month-Old Alpine, Angora, Boer, And Spanish Wethers". Small Ruminant Research 72 (1). Small Ruminant Research: 18 - 24. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.07.015. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921448806002045.
Tovar-Luna, I., A.L. Goetsch, R. Puchala, T. Sahlu, G.E. Carstens, H.C. Freetly, and Z.B. Johnson. 2007. "Effects Of Moderate Feed Restriction On Energy Expenditure By 2-Year-Old Crossbred Boer Goats". Small Ruminant Research 72 (1). Small Ruminant Research: 25 - 32. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.07.016. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921448806002057.
Puchala, R., I. Tovar-Luna, A.L. Goetsch, T. Sahlu, G.E. Carstens, and H.C. Freetly. 2007. "The Relationship Between Heart Rate And Energy Expenditure In Alpine, Angora, Boer And Spanish Goat Wethers Consuming Different Quality Diets At Level Of Intake Near Maintenance Or Fasting". Small Ruminant Research 70 (2-3). Small Ruminant Research: 183 - 193. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.03.002. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S092144880600068X.
Ngwa, A.T., L.J. Dawson, R. Puchala, G. Detweiler, R.C. Merkel, I. Tovar-Luna, T. Sahlu, C.L. Ferrell, and A.L. Goetsch. 2007. "Urea Space And Body Condition Score To Predict Body Composition Of Meat Goats". Small Ruminant Research 73 (1-3). Small Ruminant Research: 27 - 36. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.10.014. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921448806002926.
Ngwa, A.T., L.J. Dawson, R. Puchala, G. Detweiler, R.C. Merkel, I. Tovar-Luna, T. Sahlu, C.L. Ferrell, and A.L. Goetsch. 2007. "Effect Of Initial Body Condition Of Boer×Spanish Yearling Goat Wethers And Level Of Nutrient Intake On Body Composition". Small Ruminant Research 73 (1-3). Small Ruminant Research: 13 - 26. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.10.013. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921448806002914.
Negesse, T., A.K. Patra, L.J. Dawson, A. Tolera, R.C. Merkel, T. Sahlu, and A.L. Goetsch. 2007. "Performance Of Spanish And Boer×Spanish Doelings Consuming Diets With Different Levels Of Broiler Litter". Small Ruminant Research 69 (1-3). Small Ruminant Research: 187 - 197. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.01.008. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921448806000228.
Gipson, T.A., A.L. Goetsch, G. Detweiler, and T. Sahlu. 2007. "Effects Of Feeding Method, Diet Nutritive Value And Physical Form And Genotype On Feed Intake, Feeding Behavior And Growth Performance By Meat Goats". Small Ruminant Research 71 (1-3). Small Ruminant Research: 170 - 178. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.06.004. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921448806001611.
Asmare, A., L.J. Dawson, R. Puchala, T.A. Gipson, M. Villaquiran, I .Tovar-Luna, G. Animut, et al.. 2007. "Factors Influencing Urea Space Estimates In Goats". Small Ruminant Research 73 (1-3). Small Ruminant Research: 235 - 241. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.08.009. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921448806002379.
Animut, G., A. L Goetsch, G. E Aiken, R. Puchala, G. Detweiler, C. R Krehbiel, R. C Merkel, T. Sahlu, and L. J Dawson. 2007. "Effects Of Pasture Inclusion Of Mimosa On Growth By Sheep And Goats Co-Grazing Grass/forb Pastures". Journal Of Applied Animal Research 31 (1). Journal Of Applied Animal Research: 1 - 10. doi:10.1080/09712119.2007.9706619. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09712119.2007.9706619.
Animut, G., and A.L. Goetsch. 2008. "Co-Grazing Of Sheep And Goats: Benefits And Constraints". Small Ruminant Research 77 (2-3). Small Ruminant Research: 127 - 145. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2008.03.012. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921448808000709.
Patra, A. K, R. Puchala, G. Detweiler, L. J Dawson, T. Sahlu, and A. L Goetsch. 2007. "Technical Note: Effects Of Tethering On Herbage Selection, Intake And Digestibility, Grazing Behavior, And Energy Expenditure By Boer X Spanish Goats Grazing High-Quality Herbage". Journal Of Animal Science 86 (5). Journal Of Animal Science: 1245 - 1253. doi:10.2527/jas.2007-0644. http://www.journalofanimalscience.org/cgi/doi/10.2527/jas.2007-0644.
Patra, A. K, R. Puchala, G. Detweiler, L. J Dawson, G. Animut, T. Sahlu, and A. L Goetsch. 2008. "Tethering Meat Goats Grazing Forage Of High Nutritive Value And Low To Moderate Mass". Asian-Australasian Journal Of Animal Sciences 21 (9). Asian-Australasian Journal Of Animal Sciences: 1252 - 1261. doi:10.5713/ajas.2008.60670. http://ajas.info/journal/view.php?doi=10.5713/ajas.2008.60670.
Animut, G., R. Puchala, A.L. Goetsch, A.K. Patra, T. Sahlu, V.H. Varel, and J. Wells. 2008. "Methane Emission By Goats Consuming Diets With Different Levels Of Condensed Tannins From Lespedeza". Animal Feed Science And Technology 144 (3-4). Animal Feed Science And Technology: 212 - 227. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.10.014. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0377840107004282.
Animut, G., R. Puchala, A.L. Goetsch, A.K. Patra, T. Sahlu, V.H. Varel, and J. Wells. 2008. "Methane Emission By Goats Consuming Different Sources Of Condensed Tannins". Animal Feed Science And Technology 144 (3-4). Animal Feed Science And Technology: 228 - 241. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.10.015. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0377840107004294.
Helal, A., K.M. Youssef, H.M. El-Shaer, T.A. Gipson, A.L. Goetsch, and A.R. Askar. 2010. "Effects Of Acclimatization On Energy Expenditure By Different Goat Genotypes". Livestock Science 127 (1). Livestock Science: 67 - 75. doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2009.08.004. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1871141309002959.
Beker, A., T. A Gipson, R. Puchala, A. R Askar, K. Tesfai, G. D Detweiler, A. Asmare, and A. L Goetsch. 2009. "Effects Of Stocking Rate, Breed And Stage Of Production On Energy Expenditure And Activity Of Meat Goat Does On Pasture". Journal Of Applied Animal Research 36 (2). Journal Of Applied Animal Research: 159 - 174. doi:10.1080/09712119.2009.9707053. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09712119.2009.9707053.
Chen, S.X., M. Rovai, A.L. Lock, D.E. Bauman, T.A. Gipson, F.Z. Ren, and S.S. Zeng. 2009. "Short Communication: Effects Of Milk Fat Depression Induced By A Dietary Supplement Containing Trans-10, Cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid On Properties Of Semi-Hard Goat Cheese". Journal Of Dairy Science 92 (6). Journal Of Dairy Science: 2534 - 2538. doi:10.3168/jds.2009-2021. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022030209705685.
Ngwa, A.T., L.J. Dawson, R. Puchala, G. Detweiler, R.C. Merkel, Z. Wang, K. Tesfai, T. Sahlu, C.L. Ferrell, and A.L. Goetsch. 2009. "Effects Of Stage Of Lactation And Dietary Forage Level On Body Composition Of Alpine Dairy Goats". Journal Of Dairy Science 92 (7). Journal Of Dairy Science: 3374 - 3385. doi:10.3168/jds.2009-2079. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S002203020970654X.
Ngwa, A. T, L. J Dawson, R. Puchala, G. D Detweiler, R. C Merkel, Z. Wang, K. Tesfai, T. Sahlu, C. L Ferrell, and A. L Goetsch. 2009. "Effects Of Breed And Diet On Growth And Body Composition Of Crossbred Boer And Spanish Wether Goats". Journal Of Animal Science 87 (9). Journal Of Animal Science: 2913 - 2923. doi:10.2527/jas.2009-1835. http://www.journalofanimalscience.org/cgi/doi/10.2527/jas.2009-1835.
Sahlu, T., L. J Dawson, T. A Gipson, S. P Hart, R. C Merkel, R. Puchala, Z. Wang, S. Zeng, and A. L Goetsch. 2008. "Asas Centennial Paper: Impact Of Animal Science Research On United States Goat Production And Predictions For The Future". Journal Of Animal Science 87 (1). Journal Of Animal Science: 400 - 418. doi:10.2527/jas.2008-1291. http://www.journalofanimalscience.org/cgi/doi/10.2527/jas.2008-1291.
Puchala, R., I. Tovar-Luna, T. Sahlu, H. C Freetly, and A. L Goetsch. 2009. "Technical Note: The Relationship Between Heart Rate And Energy Expenditure In Growing Crossbred Boer And Spanish Wethers". Journal Of Animal Science 87 (5). Journal Of Animal Science: 1714 - 1721. doi:10.2527/jas.2008-1561. http://www.journalofanimalscience.org/cgi/doi/10.2527/jas.2008-1561.
Patra, A.K., R. Puchala, G. Animut, T.A. Gipson, T. Sahlu, and A.L. Goetsch. 2009. "Effects Of Acclimatization On Energy Expenditure By Meat Goats". Small Ruminant Research 81 (1). Small Ruminant Research: 42 - 54. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2008.11.002. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921448808002307.
Tovar-Luna, I., R. Puchala, T. Sahlu, H.C. Freetly, and A.L. Goetsch. 2010. "Effects Of Stage Of Lactation And Level Of Feed Intake On Energy Utilization By Alpine Dairy Goats". Journal Of Dairy Science 93 (10). Journal Of Dairy Science: 4829 - 4837. doi:10.3168/jds.2010-3316. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022030210005138.
Tovar-Luna, I., R. Puchala, T. Sahlu, H.C. Freetly, and A.L. Goetsch. 2010. "Effects Of Stage Of Lactation And Dietary Concentrate Level On Energy Utilization By Alpine Dairy Goats". Journal Of Dairy Science 93 (10). Journal Of Dairy Science: 4818 - 4828. doi:10.3168/jds.2010-3315. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022030210005126.


A new study suggests marijuana blunts the brain's reaction to dopamine, making users less responsive to the chemical responsible for feelings of reward and pleasure.
In the study published Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the researchers studied the brains of 24 marijuana abusers — that is, people who smoked multiple times a day — and how they reacted to methylphenidate, a stimulant often used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy. Using personality tests and brain imaging, the researchers found the pot users had blunted behavioral, cardiovascular and brain responses to methylphenidate compared with control participants. Marijuana abusers scored lower on tests of positive emotional activity and higher on negative emotional reactions.
The researchers believe that pot not only dampens the brains' dopamine reaction to stimulants but also influences the area of the brain involved in reward processing. The participants had lower reward sensitivity, higher levels of irritability, and likely more depression and anxiety.
The researchers conclude that the way pot interferes with the brain may contribute to drug cravings. And that a "high" is really the opposite in the brain.


I wanted to share some of our recent home updates! This past summer we decide to have the whole interior of our house repainted. It had been a shade of beige and blue since we moved in 6 years ago, and I was getting tired of it. The beige turned yellow and I was tired of having to match all of my decor to a particular shade of blue.
We decided to go with a nice shade of grey, although finding a nice shade of grey is no easy task. It took 16 paint samples from 3 different stores before we finally settled on Seattle by Frazee at Sherwin Williams. More than anything I wanted a color that wasn't really a color; something that appeared neutral and matched with everything, but still had a little of that 'wow!' factor.
My sample wall, you can see the beige and blue as well.
Everything off the walls- ready for paint!
In the end, I LOVE the way it turned out, and it gave me an excuse to recreate and reorganize my home- which was super exciting!
In our dining room we have a little sitting nook with a bay window. Before we had kids, it was just that, an additional sitting area. After we had kids it turned into a play area, but somehow their toys still managed to make their way all over our house. During the reogranization process I decided to take their cubicle storage system and remake it into a room divider with a giants chalkboard on one side. I love the way it turned out- it hides a lot of their toys and gives them a creative space.
You can read the full tutorial here on how I created this chalkboard room divider.
Another fun project I finished recently was our family command center. We had a space in our kitchen that was begging for something fun, and after Miss E started preschool I quickly realized I needed a more functional space for remembering important dates and storing important paperwork. I managed to find some fun pieces to pull everything together, along with a family rules sign that I created, and some fun hanging airplants that I received as a birthday gift.
I also created and hung this verse from All Sons & Daughters . It's my absolute favorite reminder and I love that every time I walk down the hallway I see this.
If you haven't heard of All Sons & Daughters and are looking for some awesome worship music, you need to find them. They are amazing! We've seen them in concert two different times as well, and they are just as amazing live- some of the best worship I've ever experienced. Dawn to Dusk is the song that this quote comes from.
It feels amazing to have my house pretty much completely back together and reorganized. I reorganized the laundry room as well, I am starting to redecorate the girls bathroom and our bedroom also. As soon as I have those done I will post some updates.
Love how it all turned out, Steph! What a transformation. And your family command center turned out great. It's been so nice having my space more organized, and it really has helped me keep track of our lives better.


text:
SWT approves new zero carbon affordable homes
02 December 2020 : Council news, Housing news
SWT has given the go ahead for new zero carbon social housing in Minehead and Taunton.
The proposals approved at a Special Full Council Meeting on Tuesday 1 December, include the redevelopment of council-owned land to provide 54 housing units at Seaward Way, Minehead and a further 11 units at the old Oxford Inn site on the corner of Roman Road and Outer Circle in Taunton.
Subject to local consultations and subsequent planning approval, each unit will be built to national space standards – between 5 and 14 per cent larger than many developer house types – and will include a number of fully wheelchair accessible properties.
Prospective tenants will benefit from very energy efficient housing, with low energy bills and affordable rents set between 60% and 80% of market rates.
Both developments will be used as exemplar schemes to showcase the latest innovations in environmentally friendly construction and design, and will incorporate a comprehensive data collection regime to benchmark energy and carbon use, enabling customers and development partners to support and adopt a higher standard in building regulations.
Construction will follow the London Energy Transformation Initiative (LETI) standard, using a 'fabric first approach', meaning buildings will be air tight with insulation nearly twice the thickness of current standards.
Labour and materials will be sourced locally and off-site construction methods will be employed, thereby reducing build time and carbon and energy use.
Energy requirements for both sites will be fossil fuel free. Hot water and central heating will be supplied primarily using on-site renewable sources. Charge points for electric vehicles will also be provided.
Based on the housing need for Minehead, the scheme mix proposed for Seaward Way includes houses, flats and chalet bungalows, with adapted options for disabled residents for the latter two types. A play area space will also be included.
Funding for Seaward Way has been secured as part of a Section 106 agreement with EDF for Hinkley Point C power station and developer contributions for affordable housing at Ellicombe Meadow.
Furthermore, Homes England is considering an application to fund access onto the site, along with infrastructure as part of a commercial space which is also proposed.
The scheme mix for Oxford Inn proposes 9 flats and 2 houses as the most viable approach. Replacement of the derelict buildings that currently occupy this site will improve the appearance of this prominent corner location.
Funding will be determined once the finalised design has received planning approval and tenders have been received.
Executive Member for Housing, Cllr Fran Smith, said: "We're delighted to be able to take the next steps on our journey to reaching a net zero carbon district by converting these dilapidated and unused sites into inclusive, affordable and energy-efficient housing for our residents.
"We've committed to delivering 1,000 new homes over next 30 years, of which at least 115 of these, including those proposed here, will exceed current building standards as 'exemplar zero carbon homes'.
"What's more, the development proposed for Minehead will represent the first council homes to be built in West Somerset for over 30 years, of which, in the spirit of future growth, the final development address will be aptly named 'Rainbow Way'!
"Pending consultation and planning approval, the building work for Seaward Way and Oxford Inn is projected to commence Summer 2021 and Spring 2022, completing Summer 2023 and Spring 2023 respectively."
Art and culture Business Community Community safety Council news Elections and voting Environment Housing news Parking Partnership working Planning and development Sport and leisure Public notices


Discussion in 'Android Questions' started by johnnydangerously, Sep 23, 2008.
Probably not a commercial for primetime, but moreso a promo video.
well that definitely got me and this might come out for sprint right!!?!?!
Sprint has been rumored as next in line. As for when, I have no idea. They sure have plenty of HTC phones, so the G1 would fit nicely in their portfolio of phones.
That was a pretty good commercial. Not sure what I think of the keyboard (I'm used to touch) but the screen looks nice.


BowlingChat.net • View topic - Bowling stats?
How many bowlers use a stat tracking program? If you do what ones do you use? I use the journal entries here . I just started tracking with the team so we can track opens.
Everyones Best ball should be their spare ball.
Mania, MoJave , LevRG Response, 'Nsane, Sahara, Special Edition Spare ball, Frenzy.
Cant view that if you're not an allbowling member.
I'm sorry. You must be logged in to access this page. Not a member yet? Register Now!
Just copy and paste this link. This is a great site and best of all its free!
I am a big fan of BowlSK. It is geared towards individuals, not entire teams, but it allows entry of a more comprehensive list of inputs than any other site/program I have seen. Which is why I created it. You can see a sample of the type of stuff you can track in my report from last night.
Wow that is alot of stuff. All bowling has that on paper, but can't input it. At least not yet. I was looking at BowlSK but you have to sign up, and the sign up is wierd. So I didn't. I do like all that output though.
It runs on Google's infrastructure (AppEngine), so it uses Google accounts to log in. If you have an account w/Google, you have an account w/BowlSK.


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text:
Moon Law
A Paradigm Shift — As we Comment Ex-cathedra on Unexplored Legal Phenomena
Schmuck & Co
Alan Blanco
Alan has loved space since his mom taught him about constellations at the tender age of five. Since then, he has always loved learning about stars, planets, and black holes. His scientific knowledge of space is limited to a few books he's read and a few college courses on Astronomy. He went to undergrad at Boston University where he studied English Literature, Classical Civilizations, and Philosophy. He immediately then went on to complete law school in two years at Southwestern Law School in Los Angeles. His primary legal interests are Criminal Procedure, Constitutional Law, Copyright, and the burgeoning Space Law field.
Kris Harris
Kris Harris is an artist and programmer who has been fascinated by science and technology from a young age. After graduating from Cal Arts in 2009 with a focus on graphic design & new media, Kris founded Improbable Sciences, a design agency and app publisher, and designed and developed several apps for Mac OS and iOS for clients, as well as a few apps published under the Improbable Sciences brand. Since co-founding Schmuck & Co in 2015, Kris wears all the hats — figuratively, and occasionally, literally — as a graphic designer, programmer/sysadmin, podcast host, streamer, and all-around nerd.
Subscribe to Moon Law
Moon Law is produced by Schmuck & Co and is part of the Schmuck & Co Podcast Network
© 2017 Schmuck & Co, LLC.


text:
Stor-Köklax (fi. Suur-Kauklahti) är ett storområde i Esbo stad. Esbo stad är indelat i sju storområden och storområdesindelningen används av stadens administration. Stadsdelar i Stor-Köklax är Esbogård, Köklax, Kurtby och Fantsby.

Esbo


When we have excess forage and want to preserve it for future use, we really have only three practical choices. We can let it remain in the field as standing dry vegetation.
Many farmers routinely do this by stockpiling late-summer grass, especially tall fescue, but this option doesn't work with earlier growth or corn plants.
If we store the forage, we must overcome two major enemies, mold and bacteria, which will grow on the forage and use up nutrients before our animals can get to it. We can prevent both if we dry the forage enough so nothing will grow on it. That's hay or one of its derivatives, like cubes or stacks.
Another technique is: We can enclose wet forage in airtight containers to prevent mold growth and let it rot so the low pH prevents bacterial growth. That's silage or one of its derivatives, like baleage, haylage or hay crop silage. We are all familiar with hay, but silage is a horse of a different color. Let's talk about it.
Making silage is really a process of fermentation, roughly analogous to the fermentation in a rumen, only different. The silage process occurs in five phases. (I know, I know, some publications list four phases or even six phases. But I'm not fazed – these categories overlap, and authors make arbitrary distinctions, so five is a perfectly good number).
In the first phase (which scientists predictably call "Phase I"), we cut green forage and stuff it into an airtight container. The plants still contain 30 to 70 percent moisture, depending on the type of vegetation and the type of silage. Initially, there may still be a bit of residual oxygen in the container.
Because the forage was green when we cut it, many plant cells are still alive and carrying out respiration. Which means that, for a short while, those cells are still using some sugar. Also, some oxygen-loving (aerobic) bacteria on the surfaces of the cut forage continue to live and metabolize during this period.
But within a few hours, all the oxygen has been used up, and all the plant cells and aerobic bacteria die, signaling the end of Phase I. The pH of this forage is 6.0 to 6.5.
In "Phase II," the forage begins to rot or, should I say, ferment. Since the container now contains little or no oxygen, the only life that can survive are bacteria that can live without oxygen. These are called anaerobic bacteria. In fact, oxygen may be toxic to some of them.
A valuable characteristic of silage is: All molds require oxygen, so by eliminating oxygen, we eliminate molds. Meanwhile, the anaerobic bacteria begin to ferment the soluble carbohydrates in the forage and produce acetic acid. Since a silo is a closed container, the acetic acid has no place to go, and it begins to build up in the forage. This increase in acidity is reflected in the silage pH, which begins to drop below 6.0.
We should remember: A silo, while it is a fermentation chamber, is not the same as a rumen, which is also a fermentation chamber. A rumen is actually a flow-through system. Things enter through the mouth and esophagus, ferment in the rumen and exit through the tube of the gastrointestinal tract to the true stomach (abomasum). In contrast, a silo is a tightly closed static system.
Once things are put into the silo, they stay there, and any fermentation products also stay there and build up over time.
This is an important concept because within three days, the buildup of acetic acid causes the silage pH to drop to around 5.0, which initiates "Phase III" of the ensiling process. The acetic acid-producing bacteria die off and are replaced by different bacteria that thrive at this lower pH, like lactobacillus and leuconostoc.
These anaerobic bacteria produce lactic acid. Lactic acid is a stronger acid than acetic and, as the lactic acid accumulates, the forage pH drops further. In approximately two weeks, the lactic acid accumulates to more than 60 percent of the organic acids in the silage, and the silage pH drops to below 4.5 and even below 4.2.
Which moves us to "Phase IV" – stability. The silage pH is now so low even the lactic acid-producing bacteria cannot survive. In effect, they produced so much acid they pickled themselves. But here's the bottom line: Nothing else can live in that environment. We have reached our goal. The forage is no longer losing nutrients to fermentation. The forage is stable and safe.
Unless things don't go quite right. Then the silage can slide into another phase: "Phase V." This occurs when the silage pH doesn't drop low enough. The silage may have contained too much water or not enough readily fermentable carbohydrates for the lactic acid bacteria. In any case, in Phase V, the fermentation shifts to favor a different type of bacteria: clostridia.
These bacteria are not our friends. Instead of fermenting carbohydrates like the well-behaved lactic-acid producers, these clostridial bacteria thrive by fermenting protein. This, of course, reduces the amount of protein in the forage. And as they break down protein, these bacteria produce a number of distinctive aromatic compounds. I say distinctive because here are some names: cadaverine and putrescine.
The term "stench" would be an understatement. Phase V indicates a poor silage – an unpalatable forage with significantly reduced nutritional value.
But these phases (I, II, III, IV and sometimes V) pretty much sum up the process of ensiling forage. Prevent the growth of molds and bacteria by making the container airtight, and reduce the pH to create an inhospitable, stable environment.
Which opens up lots of possible variations to exclude oxygen and drop the pH. A silo can be any airtight container, like the classic, tall Midwestern barn silo, which takes advantage of the forage weight to force out the air. Or those big blue metal silos, which can be made more airtight than traditional silos.
Or we can chop the forage into small pieces and stack it in a three-sided concrete bunker (a bunker silo) or a three-sided open trench (a trench silo). Then we run tractors back and forth over it to press it down and then cover it with plastic and old tires. Or we can blow the forage pieces into a long white plastic sleeve like a monstrous sausage.
Or we can cut the hay, let it wilt slightly and make large bales containing 50 percent moisture – far wetter than anyone would ever put into a barn – and wrap those bales in layers of white plastic, mummy-like. This is baleage – a good technique, particularly if we keep a supply of sturdy repair tape for holes in the plastic caused by moles and rocks and falling meteors.
We can also manipulate the silage pH. We can make sure the forage contains lots of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates for the bacteria. We can include extra grain or dried whey or anything else with sugars and starch. We can also add commercial additives during loading to accelerate the fermentation process, like lots of extra bacteria, particularly lactobacillus.
Or enzymes to break down the large starch molecules into smaller soluble sugars these bacteria prefer. Or mold inhibitors to prevent, well, mold, in case a dry forage doesn't pack well or contains extra air pockets.
But here's another idea: If we want to make forage more acidic, why not just add acid? Like strong acid. Well, in the 1920s, someone developed a system to do just that. A Finnish scientist named Artturi Virtanen devised a way to drop the forage pH to under 4.0 very quickly and thus completely avoid the fermentation process and its associated nutrient losses.
He simply sprinkled mixtures of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid directly onto the forage as it was put into the silo. The system genuinely worked, and for a time it was used on farms throughout Scandinavia and elsewhere.
It was, however, rather hard on equipment – and I'm sure farm crews were not thrilled about handling jars of concentrated acid – but nonetheless, in its day, this method was widely known. I suspect, however, in today's world of seatbelts and roll bars, pouring concentrated acids into open silos would not be favored by most regulations.
Oh yes, Dr. Virtanen's middle name was Ilmari (Dr. Artturi Ilmari Virtanen) and he patented his process as the "A.I.V. Method" for making silage. You might not want to try it at home, but you can safely look it up on Google.
PHOTO: The silage pH is now so low even the lactic acid-producing bacteria cannot survive. In effect, they produced so much acid they pickled themselves. But here's the bottom line: Nothing else can live in that environment. We have reached our goal. The forage is no longer losing nutrients to fermentation. The forage is stable and safe. Staff photo.
Woody Lane, Ph.D., is a livestock nutritionist and forage specialist in Roseburg, Oregon. He operates an independent consulting business and teaches workshops across the U.S. and Canada. His book, From The Feed Trough: Essays and Insights on Livestock Nutrition in a Complex World, is available through Woody Lane.


text:
Hydrothermal activity along the southwest Indian ridge
C. R. German1,
E. T. Baker2,
C. Mevel3,
K. Tamaki4 &
the FUJI Science Team5,6,7,8,9,10,11
Nature volume 395, pages 490–493 (1998)Cite this article
Twenty years after the discovery of sea-floor hot springs, vast stretches of the global mid-ocean-ridge system remain unexplored for hydrothermal venting. The southwest Indian ridge is a particularly intriguing region, as it is both the slowest-spreading of the main ridges1 and the sole modern migration pathway between the diverse vent fauna of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans2. A recent model postulates that a linear relation exists between vent frequency and spreading rate3 and predicts vent fields to be scarcest along the slowest-spreading ridge sections, thus impeding migration and enhancing faunal diversity2. Here, however, we report evidence of hydrothermal plumes at six locations within two 200-km-long sections of the southwest Indian ridge indicating a higher frequency of venting than expected. These results suggest that fluxes of heat and chemicals from slow-spreading ridges may be greater than previously thought and that faunal migration along the southwest Indian ridge may serve as an important corridor for gene-flow between Pacific and Atlantic hydrothermal fields.
Volcanically hosted venting with indications of ultramafic influence at Aurora hydrothermal field on Gakkel Ridge
Christopher R. German
, Eoghan P. Reeves
… Antje Boetius
Nature Communications Open Access 31 October 2022
Seafloor hydrothermal activity along mid-ocean ridge with strong melt supply: study from segment 27, southwest Indian ridge
Xihe Yue
, Huaiming Li
… Xiaoxia Lü
Scientific Reports Open Access 08 July 2019
Ecology and biogeography of megafauna and macrofauna at the first known deep-sea hydrothermal vents on the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge
J. T. Copley
, L. Marsh
… H. Wiklund
Figure 1: Regional map of the southwest Indian ridge (SWIR) spreading centre.
Figure 2: Bathymetric maps of the SWIR study areas.
Figure 3: Cross-sections of plume 2, centred at 4,100–4,200 m water depth (grey shaded band), as detected from MAPRs arrayed along the tow cable above and below the side-scan vehicle TOBI.
DeMets, C., Gordon, R. G., Argus, D. F. & Stein, S. Current plate motions Geophys. J. Int. 101, 425–478 (1990).
Tunnicliffe, V. & Fowler, C. M. R. Influence of seafloor spreading on the global hydrothermal vent fauna. Nature 379, 531–533 (1996).
Baker, E. T., Chen, Y. J. & Phipps Morgan, J. The relationship between near-axis hydrothermal cooling and the spreading rate of mid-ocean ridges. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 142, 137–145 (1996).
Lupton, J. E., Delaney, J. R., Johnson, H. P. & Tivey, M. K. Entrainment and vertical transport of deep ocean water by buoyant hydrothermal plumes. Nature 316, 621–623 (1985).
Feely, R. A. et al. Composition and dissolution of black smoker particulates from active vents on the Juan de Fuca Ridge. J. Geophys. Res. 92, 11347–11365 (1987).
Baker, E. T., German, C. R. & Elderfield, H. Hydrothermal Plumes over Spreading-center Axes: Global Distributions and Geophysical Inferences 47–71 (AGU Monogr. 91, Am. Geophys. Union, Washington DC, 1995).
Langmuir, C. H. et al. Investigation of the Southwest Indian Ridge: A Project Plan (InterRidge SWIR Project Plan, InterRidge, Paris, 1997).
German, C. R., Parson, L. M. & the HEAT Scientific Team.Hydrothermal exploration near the Azores triple-junction: tectonic control of venting at slow-spreading ridges? Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 138, 93–10 1996).
Tamaki, K. & Mevel, C. FUJI (French–UK–Japan InterRidge) Cruise: R/V Marion Dufresne, Durban—la Reunion (ORI Cruise Rep., Ocean Res. Inst., Tokyo, 1997).
Baker, E. T. & Milburn, H. B. MAPR: A new instrument for hydrothermal plume mapping. Ridge Events 8, 23–25 (1997).
Feely, R. A. et al. Hydrothermal plume particles and dissolved phosphate over the superfast spreading southern East Pacific Rise. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 60, 2297–2323 (1996).
Rona, P. A. & Scott, S. D. Aspecial isue on sea-floor hydrothermal mineralization: new perspectives. Econ. Geol. 88, 1935–1976 (1993).
Plüger, W. L. et al. Discovery of hydrothermal fields at the Central Indian Ridge. Mar. Mining 9, 73–86 (1990).
Gamo, T. Hydrothermal plumes at the Rodriguez triple junction, Indian Ridge. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 142, 261–270 (1996).
Scheirer, D. S., Baker, E. T. & Johnson, K. T. M. Detection of hydrothermal plumes along the Southeast Indian Ridge near the Amsterdam–St. Paul Plateau. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25, 97–100 (1998).
German, C. R., Baker, E. T. & Klinkhammer, G. Regional Setting of Hydrothermal Activity (Spec. Publ. 87, Geol. Soc., London, 1995).
Elderfield, H. & Schulz, A. Mid-Ocean Rdige hydrothermal fluxes and the chemical composition of the ocean. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 24, 191–224 (1996).
Palmer, M. R. & Ernst, G. G. Generation of hydrothermal megaplumes by cooling of pillow basalts at mid-ocean ridges. Nature 393, 643–647 (1998).
We thank S. Walker (NOAA/PMEL) for her assistance in development of the MAPR instruments and the Captain, crew and IFRTP team of the RV Marion Dufresne who contributed to the success of this project. The FUJI cruise was co-funded by IFRTP (France) and The Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture (Japan). TOBI support was funded through the EC TMR Grant: European Access to Seafloor Survey Systems (EASSS) whilst hydrothermal research was supported by NERC and the SOC (UK) and by the NOAA-Vents program (USA).
Southampton Oceanography Centre, Empress Dock, SO14 3ZH, Southampton, UK
C. R. German
NOAA-Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, 98115-0070, Washington, USA
E. T. Baker
CNRS-Laboratoire de Petrologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Case 110, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Cedex 05, Paris, France
C. Mevel
Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 1-15-1 Minamidai, Nakano-ku, Tokyo-164, Japan
K. Tamaki
Ecole et Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
the FUJI Science Team
Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Japan
Laboratoire d'Etudes en Geophysique et Oceanographie Spatiales, Toulouse, France
Dept of Geological Sciences, Durham, UK
Institute de Physique de Globe de Paris, Paris, France
CNRS-Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
Earthquake Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
Correspondence to C. R. German.
German, C., Baker, E., Mevel, C. et al. Hydrothermal activity along the southwest Indian ridge. Nature 395, 490–493 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1038/26730
Issue Date: 01 October 1998
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/26730
Eoghan P. Reeves
Antje Boetius
Indian Ocean Ridge System and Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity
P. John Kurian
S. Rajan
P. Linsy
Journal of the Geological Society of India (2022)
Geological characteristics of the Qiaoyue Seamount and associated ultramafic-hosted seafloor hydrothermal system (∼52.1°E, Southwest Indian Ridge)
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Acta Oceanologica Sinica (2021)
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Zhifeng Yang
Xiang Xiao
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Huaiming Li
Xiaoxia Lü
Vents at higher frequency
Cindy Lee Van Dover
Nature News & Views 01 Oct 1998


text:
Thorne's Mill, Thorne's Hill, Thornhill
Shepheardson Hotel, Yonge Street, Thornhill. Inscribed in pen and black ink. 1910
Thornhill's pioneers arrived in 1794. It was a settler named Asa Johnson who established on the Vaughan side of Thornhill. The village has always existed on two different municipalities. This separation has not stopped Thornhill from establishing its own character as a community.
The community takes its name from Benjamin Thorne who settled here in 1820. Thorne managed a gristmill, a sawmill, and a tannery in the area. Not surprisingly the community became known as Thorne's Mills, and thereafter Thorne's Hill, and finally Thornhill.
Major thrust for its growth is its location along Yonge Street as it provided access to the City of Toronto to the south. This access was increased with the arrival of the electric street railway along Yonge Street in 1898 and further enhanced in the 1920s, with the arrival of the automobile.
In 1931, Thornhill became a "Police Village". The formation of the Police Village gave Thornhill its own political boundaries. The village was headed by a reeve.
Today, in Old Thornhill along Yonge Street, over one hundred historic buildings stand as note of Thornhill's past. The village recognize its village identity in part thanks to the post office which retained the Thornhill name and serviced homes and businesses within the former village's boundaries.