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Stepping Sideways
On Friday I ran away from home. Not really but a spur of the moment decision to head away for the night with girlfriends has reminded me of the importance of social connections.
It'd been a tough week/few weeks/few months. Another family member passed, a couple of 10 hours work days back on back, husband sick in bed for six days and off work for a week (unheard of). By mid-week as a friend and I debriefed, we sent a random SOS to a former colleague. The response was instant – an invitation to join her on Friday in a property she's developing in an historic village an hour's drive south.
Just come, she said.
Could we, should we? Two nights? No, it would have to be one. But come Friday, by 6pm, we were on the road and heading south.
We arrived to a warm house, music playing, candles burning, food in the oven and hugs. Over the course of the evening we talked, attempted a board game, learned some line dancing and laughed. Lots.
In the morning, we took a leisurely stroll around the village. Played the "what-I'd-do-if-I-lived-here" game, poked around crammed country stores, chatted to an artist in her studio, shared brunch and drank coffee.
By mid afternoon we were home. My friend off to a sports prize giving for one of her children, me to the laundry. Both with a spring in our step and a smile on our faces. Less than 24 hours of recharging but worth the effort.
For working Mums, there often aren't enough hours in the day. Personally "who's the busiest?" is not a competition I choose to take part in. It's just reality. But sometimes, the best thing we can do is step sideways for a bit because social connections don't just happen. Like anything good, they must be nurtured and valued to be enjoyed.
Good Health, Sisterly support, Work Life Balance
Actively Grieving
One thought on "Stepping Sideways"
Moms absolutely need a time out as much as their kids. Great work.


The Arab uprisings could turn out to be no less fateful for Israel than for its neighbors. Will it seek new ways of engaging the region or will it continue to pay lip service to a peace process that it shows no interest in pursuing? The former sounds counter-intuitive: the Muslim Brotherhood hardly seems a suitable partner for any Israeli government – let alone a coalition led by a Likud that recent party primaries pushed to the right.
Though political Islamists theologically object to non-Muslim sovereignty over historic Palestine (which they see as holy Islamic patrimony), Egypt, Turkey and Qatar have demonstrated that at present they share Israel's interest in regional stability and good relations with the West. This triumvirate of pro-U.S. Islamist governments, particularly Cairo, was instrumental in bringing Operation Pillar of Defense to an end on terms that were viewed favorably by many in Jerusalem. While few in Israel believe this bloc could be a strategic ally in building peace, the government increasingly is convinced that it could turn out to be a de facto partner in avoiding war.
The diplomatic posture of the Brotherhood, now that it is confronted by the demands of governing, could wind up being more flexible than anticipated. Some former and current Israeli officials argue that Israel should encourage this, for example by apologizing for killing nine Turks aboard a boat challenging the blockade of Gaza and by facilitating promised Qatari projects in Gaza. Some go further and call for pushing the limits of the Islamists' theology by accepting Cairo's desire to amend the military annex of the 1979 Israeli-Egyptian peace treaty, which would require the Brotherhood to endorse the revised text and in doing so, a final status peace agreement with Israel.
But it is unlikely that these gestures will generate significant change without progress on the Palestinian file, in no small part because dealings with Israel will be politically untenable at home for Arab rulers so long as the occupation continues. This is particularly true given the new significance of Arab public opinion in domestic politics.
Netanyahu seems little inclined to move in this direction – probably much to the relief of his neighbors, Islamist and otherwise. The Oslo process has been bilateral, to the chagrin of the prime minister and others on the right who are equally if not more concerned with regional issues including a broader security architecture; Oslo also focused on tangibles such as land, borders and settlements while paying less attention to issues of identity and reconciliation than Netanyahu would have liked – as can be seen in his demand that the PLO recognize Israel as a Jewish state (or the nation-state of the Jewish people).
With the region in flux, the Obama Administration has yet to set its second term agenda, and with the approaches of the past decades looking increasingly dated, Netanyahu could take advantage of the moment to assemble a coalition that would enable him to push his own peace agenda. This development would not be welcome in Arab and Islamist capitals. Not only would they be averse to dealing with its specifics; they also are convinced that Netanyahu, and Israel more generally, is ultimately unwilling to make the concessions necessary for peace. They would be more comfortable with an obstinate prime minister in Jerusalem whom the world treats as an obstacle, rather than one who speaks the language of peace in terms they consider a non-starter.
Nobody in the region seems to have the stomach for the formal concessions that would be necessary for a two-state solution. It is much more likely that Cairo and Jerusalem – like others – will put the Palestinian question on the back burner, not simply in order to tend to their own affairs, but because they see no hope of agreement on an endgame. What there could be, instead, is a modus vivendi in which everyone prioritizes domestic needs: Fighting would be limited and quickly contained; talks would be indirect and focus on tacit arrangements to head off volatility rather than on sustainable formal agreements; and everyone would prioritize long-term strategizing over short-terms tactics. For many today, the long game is the endgame.
This article was co-written with Robert Blecher, director of the International Crisis Group's Arab-Israeli project.
The article is an abridged version of an article that was published in the World Policy Review and with Mitvim.
Ofer Zalzberg is Senior Analyst of the International Crisis Group's Arab-Israeli project.


Mental health startup Lantern, which raised more than $20 million in funding, is winding down its commercial operations after a couple of acquisition deals fell through, TechCrunch has learned. As part of the wind-down, Lantern is laying off about 25 people, which is the majority of the staff, with a handful of former team members to focus on what's next for the company. Their last days will be August 1, 2018.
Lantern, which offers tools to deal with stress, anxiety and body image for about $50 a month, will continue to be available for paid customers through the end of the year. However, coaches are no longer available to users.
All of Lantern's programs were based on cognitive behavioral therapy techniques, which examines the relationship between thoughts, feelings and behaviors. The programs were designed to empower people to learn how to manage their anxiety, stress and/or body images on a daily basis.
Lantern also employed coaches, who were experienced behavioral change professionals trained in CBT to guide patients through the programs, give them feedback and help keep them accountable for reaching their goals.
Since its founding in 2013, Lantern — formerly known as ThriveOn — served hundreds of thousands of people. Lantern's ultimate goal was to sell to insurers, but in the interim, first sold directly to consumers and then through employers like Facebook and Intuit. But Lantern needed more customers in order to survive, Lantern CEO Alejandro Foung told TechCrunch.
Lantern's goal was to bridge the gap that exists between those who need mental health services and those who receive them. If Foung knew what the end goal was for Lantern when he first started the company, he would've kept a smaller team, he said. He also, of course, would've started focusing on insurers a lot earlier in the process.
When Lantern first came on the scene, there were very few startups addressing mental health issues. Since then, a number of startups have emerged, including Meru Health, Pacific Labs and startups more strictly focused on mindfulness and meditation.


I met an old friend and we started getting to know eachother once agine he never changed always a sweetheart i injoyed his company and loved being near him but just 4 days ago he raped me.he ripped my virginity from me and left me there on the bedroom floor in blood and cring.
The Ghosts Of The Virgin Suicides is a follow-up podcast; an homage to the original soundtrack by Air and as a sequel of sorts. The Lisbon girls continue to do their hauntings in many different forms and hopefully you will enjoy this one.
a pop quiz question was added: Whose name did Lux have written when the camera does a cameo shot of her pink underwear?
a pop quiz question was added: Who did Hanna Hall screen test for?
a comment was made to the poll: Who is your favorite out of the sisters?
Whose name did Lux have written when the camera does a cameo shot of her pink underwear?


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American Revolution Social Causes
Political, Social, and Economic Causes of the American Revolution. The American Revolution, however, also had a darker side to it, the side of self-interest and profit. The signers of the Declaration represented various classes – the working class, the wealthy land owners.
The Cause of the American Revolution. Americans felt they deserved all the rights of Englishmen. The British, on the other hand, felt that the colonies were created to be used in the way that best suited the Crown and Parliament. This conflict is embodied in one of the rallying cries of the  American Revolution: No Taxation Without Representation.
The American Revolution was a struggle between 13 American colonies and. Approx 25,000 American Patriots died during military service – the biggest cause of. 1865) Includes politicians, generals, soldiers, spies and social activists.
The road leading up to the American Revolution didn't happen overnight. It took several years and many events to push the colonists to a point where they wanted to fight for their independence. Below are some of the key causes of the American Revolution in the order they occurred. The Founding of.
Liberty, republicanism, and independence are powerful causes. The patriots tenaciously asserted American rights and brought the Revolution. The Revolution brought myriad consequences to the American social fabric.
The American Revolution was a colonial revolt that took place between 1765 and 1783. The American Patriots in the Thirteen Colonies won independence from Great Britain, becoming the United States of America. They defeated the British in the American Revolutionary War in.
Nov 17, 2014 · Social. The American Revolution had very important social causes. The presence of Colonial Legislatures, the ideologies presented by the Enlightenment philosophers, and the salutary neglect are all causes of Revolution. The presences of colonial legislatures meant that the colonies were in many ways independent of the crown.
Unquestionably the most popular and influential pamphlet of the American Revolution, it eventually sold. colonies and united them behind a common cause. America's contemporary enthusiasm for social.
Fearing the spread of Communism, the United States instigated a counter-revolution, the Contras. Another described the Contras as "a massive social movement." In response, two members of the.
"We have come to a day that is about 50 years after the sexual revolution and. the numbers from the General Social Survey, which is conducted by NORC at the University of Chicago, about what it.
Like not becoming petty dictators as insanely certain of their own virtue as the Red Guards of the Cultural Revolution. I saw the results of that mindset in Kosovo. Actions cause reactions.
A: Though no one event caused the American Revolution, the war began as a disagreement between the Americans over how the British treated them. Americans wanted the rights that all Englishmen had, such as representation, while the British felt the colonies belonged to.
The Triple Bottom Line is the mythical objective of ESG investing: Environmental, Social, Governance, but in practice often conspicuously absent. The Plant-based food revolution offers. is by far.
By mid-century, the American. was fuel for the social firestorm breaking out across America in the 1960s, staged and started by rebels and dissenters of every stripe. The Vietnam War – let it be.
As the 1919 Revolution unfolded in the streets, a stream of telegrams, letters and petitions poured into the American consulate in Cairo, professing faith in President Wilson and calling on the United.
With varying degrees, this "regime-changing" scheme has been in the works ever since the 1979 revolution that ended the rule of. Because of the extensive social safety-net, or welfare, programs of.
That, in very broad strokes, is the story of the past 15 years, and it just so happens to be the story of the American Revolution. and entrenched the social divisions that were brought to the fore.
A passionate yet playful character with a patchy beard and high forehead that seems to forewarn of his formidable intellect, he bears a sparkling-eyed resemblance to a young Billy Crystal – if you can.
On February 29, INDEPENDENT LENS presents "Wilhemina's War," which shows the devastating toll of the scourge of HIV/AIDS, one of the leading causes of death for. in the aftermath of the American.
Presidents On American Coins Unit 6 Us History Review The US Army in Vietnam The Bud Harton Collection at the Texas Tech Virtual Vietnam Archive. This collection is housed at the Texas Tech Virtual Vietnam Archive, it organized first by date, then by unit somehow.Once I get a bit more familiar with the US Army Order of Battle for
The American Revolution is usually seen as being the same thing as the American War for Independence, starting in 1775 with the battle of Lexington and ending in 1783 with the treaty of Paris.
About a century and half later, when she was 13 years old, Kaplan fled the Islamic Revolution as a child. She refers to the Iranian American Jewish Federation of New York, which raises millions for.
What Are The Causes And Effects Of The American Revolution Is it possible to mitigate the polarizing effects automation will have on our already-stratified. across our country feeling like they're being left behind from the American dream, this report. With four Grammys, six American Music Awards. the Agrabah streets They were lookin' for a lad and a beast, 'cause they was. May their wickedness cause
Social Causes to American Revolution. Social Class Sentiments. – Social classes = key roles in. influencing individual's choice about. supporting fight for independence. – Sentiment = a view or attitude toward. a situation or event; an opinion. – Fought for new society where social.
Next month, Iran marks the 40th anniversary of the 1979 Islamic Revolution that catapulted the Ayatollah Ruhollah. setting the stage for what experts warn could become a "crisis" of social cohesion.
Why do so many American politicians, from state legislators and governors. of the restoration of a Jewish state in Palestine. by the operation of social and political causes" rather than a miracle.
A: Though no one event caused the American Revolution, the war began as a disagreement between the Americans over how the British treated them. Americans wanted the rights that all Englishmen had, such as representation, while the British felt the colonies belonged to the crown and didn't deserve rights.
Almost two months later, Guaidó appointed Hausman to serve as his representative at the Inter-American Development. The underlying cause of the military unrest is undoubtedly the widespread social.
Unit 6 Us History Review The US Army in Vietnam The Bud Harton Collection at the Texas Tech Virtual Vietnam Archive. This collection is housed at the Texas Tech Virtual Vietnam Archive, it organized first by date, then by unit somehow.Once I get a bit more familiar with the US Army Order of Battle for the war, I will reorganize
The men who led the American Revolution. in the political and social life of Pennsylvania, eventually rising to the role of Pennsylvania's First Lady. Reed and her husband had entertained notables.
As history turned out, the willingness of Americans to be subjects of the British crown ended when the crown began violating its guarantees of American arms rights. The American Revolution. was a.
With the defeat of the Confederacy, the federal government's enforcement of civil and voting rights was beginning to work a revolution. Hundreds of thousands of African American citizens. the myth.
FIGHTING OVER FIDEL: The New York. portray him "as one more Latin American caudillo," Rojas writes. In his "Prose Contribution to the Cuban Revolution," published in 1961, the poet decries the.
Impact Of Thomas Jefferson
John Quincy Adams Geneology

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Our new logo is inspired by shell of chambered nautilus, which also represents alphabet 'G' beautifully crafted by the nature. Genesis means origin to anything, the process or mode of originating. Similarly the Chambered Nautilus is a origin of living fossil that has survived in earth's oceans for the last 500 million years. Existing before there were fish, dinosaurs, or mammals. At Genesis we always believed in the principle of 'Keep Moving". The spiral shape of the Nautilus shell suggests that it can keep growing forever. The creature must keep building new chambers as long as it lives. It cannot go back to the previous ones; they no longer fit. It cannot stay in its present space or it will die. It has no choice but to move on and on. The shell of the chambered nautilus is a symbol of beauty and proportional perfection. The Nautilus shell grows larger on each spiral by phi. The Golden Mean is represented by the Greek letter phi, (with the decimal representation of 1.6180...) is one of those mysterious natural numbers that seems to arise out of the basic structure of our cosmos. Phi appears regularly in the realm of things that grow and unfold in steps just as nautilus shell. The Golden Mean number can often be found in many forms of art, in symbols of religion, and in architecture. The golden mean is usually seen in the paintings of Da Vinci and Kandinsky. In Hindu mythology, the sacred Nautilus Shell symbolized the multiplicity of creation. This spiral is also of symbolic significance to the practice of meditation. For example, following it outward represents the unfolding of life originating from consciousness and into physical manifestation. Last but not the least our new logo also symbolises God of intelligence & wisdom Lord Genesha.
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Noord-Macedonië was een van de deelnemende landen aan het Europees kampioenschap voetbal 2020. Het was de eerste deelname voor het land. Igor Angelovski was de bondscoach. Noord-Macedonië werd uitgeschakeld in de groepsfase.

Kwalificatie

Kwalificatieduels

Eindstand groep G

Play-offs

Halve finale

Finale

EK-voorbereiding

Wedstrijden

Het Europees kampioenschap
De loting vond plaats op 30 november 2019 in Boekarest. Noord-Macedonië werd ondergebracht in groep C, samen met Nederland, Oekraïne en Oostenrijk.

Uitrustingen
Sportmerk: JAKO

Selectie en statistieken

Wedstrijden

Groepsfase

Macedonisch voetbalelftal
Land op het Europees kampioenschap voetbal 2020

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Finnegans Wake, fascism, and the essential unity of the human race
Published in Fiction
Sean Ledwith shows how Finnegans Wake, far from being an incomprehensible waste of Joyce's genius, is an anti-fascist masterwork, uniting and celebrating the wholeness, richness and vibrancy of human culture
80 years ago, as the clouds of war darkened over Europe, one of the most notoriously baffling books of all time was published in Paris. From the moment of its release, James Joyce's Finnegans Wake acquired the reputation in many quarters of being not only baffling in content but also utterly unreadable in form. The first sentence alone often proves an insurmountable hurdle for many readers inclined to attempt to conquer this Himalayan peak of modern literature:
riverrun, past Eve and Adam's, from swerve of shore to bend of bay, brings us by a commodious vicus of recirculation back to Howth Castle and Environs.
Another 600 or so pages jammed with the same apparently random smorgasbord of portmanteau words, puns, incomprehensible allusions and dearth of narrative signposts is understandably unappealing on first inspection. The book was dismissed even by some of Joyce's most loyal supporters who had hailed Ulysses in the 1920s as the masterpiece of the century.
Three of the most important advocates of that work denounced its follow-up as a criminal waste of Joyce's undoubted genius. The poet Ezra Pound, publisher Harriet Weaver and Joyce's brother Stanislaus all played key roles in securing the tortuous passage of Ulysses through the publication process, often in the teeth of aggressive opposition from the literary and social establishment of the day. All three, however, ultimately became estranged from the author due to their negative reactions to the Wake. HG Wells was another prominent supporter of Joyce left nonplussed by Finnegans Wake and who expressed his reservations directly to the author:
I don't think it gets anywhere. You have turned your back on common men — on their elementary needs and their restricted time and intelligence... What is the result? Vast riddles. Your last two works have been more amusing and exciting to write than they will ever be to read. Take me as a typical common reader. Do I get much pleasure from this work? ... No.
As a man of the left, Wells' criticism also suggests that any social and political critique that might have been contained in Joyce's previous oeuvre was entirely absent from the Wake and therefore the book has nothing meaningful to say about politics or society and represented pure self-indulgence on the part of the author. Wells' judgement probably still reflects the consensus for most as Joyce's final work is often cited as one of the greatest novels most people will never read.
Radical and subversive traditions
However, the 80th anniversary of Finnegans Wake is a suitable time to revisit the book and question both the notions that it is unreadable and that it has nothing to say about the world. In fact, a small number of commentators over the years have indicated that not only should the Wake be viewed alongside Ulysses as an indispensable part of the modernist canon, but the book actually draws its creative impulses from some of the most radical and subversive traditions in the West. One of the best commentators on the Wake, Bernard Benstock even goes as far as to suggest:
The political climate of 'Finnegans Wake' owes as much to fundamental Marxian dialectics as its psychological climate is dependent upon Freud and Jung and its evolutionary structure determined by Darwin. There is no reason to assume that Joyce was a Marxist but it is important to realise that Joyce was aware of the various political aspects of contemporary society spotlighted by Marx's sociological perspective.
Benstock also draws attention to the fact that the Wake's publication on the eve of WW2 is not incidental and that Joyce wished, in his own idiosyncratic style, to express his views on the rise of fascism that he had witnessed in Italy and France at close-quarters as part as long-term exile from his native Ireland. One year after completion of the work, Joyce was forced to flee France as the Wehrmacht launched its devastating blitzkrieg across the country, culminating with Panzers rolling through the streets of Paris that Joyce had regarded as home for almost twenty years. His record of helping Jewish families escape from Austria and Germany before the war is little known but dispels the myth that he was an apolitical figure in the 1930s, disinterested in the course of European politics. Using his contacts in the French and Irish ministries, Joyce arranged life-saving visas for scores of refugees fleeing the Nazi menace.
James Joyce and Paul Léon
Paul Leon, one of Joyce's closest supporters who defended the Wake, was arrested by the Gestapo due to his Jewish heritage and perished in Auschwitz in 1942. In his last months, Joyce fretted over the fate of his daughter Lucia, who due to chronic mental health problems was languishing in a sanatorium in Brittany. He would have known all too well the grim consequences that awaited such patients in the event of Nazi occupation. Even the muted welcome of the Wake itself was partly affected by Joyce's revulsion against fascism. The American poet Ezra Pound, although a great advocate of Ulysses in the 1920s, was an unashamed supporter of Mussolini and Hitler by the time Joyce commenced work on the Wake. The differences between the two authors were not purely artistic.
It would be an absurd case of reductionism, of course, to present the Wake as primarily an anti-fascist tract, but Bernard Benstock persuasively makes the case that Joyce regarded himself as the equivalent of the Irish monks who, at the onset of the Dark Ages of the early medieval period, sought to preserve the culture of the classical world as the forces of barbarism and darkness, in their eyes, closed in on civilisation. The astonishing breadth of allusions and references from the cultures of the world that Joyce draws on in the Wake is testament to his conviction that diversity and pluralism are essential to the flourishing of human beings and, implicitly, that the intolerance and racism of the far right represent a modern barbarism which must be resisted. One of the most celebrated (and accessible) sections of the book, the Anna Livia Plurabelle passage, rhapsodises on the richness and vibrancy of the tapestry of human societies over millennia:
In the name of Annah the Allmaziful, the Everliving, the Bringer of Plurabilities, haloed be her eve, her singtime sung, her rill be run, unhemmed as it is uneven!
A clarion call for multiculturalism
Incredibly, phrases and vocabulary from some seventy languages have been identified in the book, along with a cornucopia of references to virtually all the major world religions, including Confucianism, Hinduism, Taoism and the Eddas of Scandinavia. Joyce had memorably chronicled his own loss of religious faith in Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, published in 1902,but he never lost an appreciation of the importance of ritual and spirituality for millions around the world and would have been keenly aware of how the Nazis aspired to eradicate supposedly non-Aryan forms of belief.
Another one of the great scholars of the Wake, James Atherton, contends Joyce used the Koran, for example, as ubiquitously as a telephone directory, and incorporated the suras, or chapters, of Islam's holy book throughout the text. As a major European writer in the first half of the twentieth century researching and utilising in depth a plethora of non-Western culture, Joyce has no equal. Even in our time, as Islamophobia permeates the ideology of the far right, Joyce's willingness to absorb the vitality of other cultures stands out as exemplary. The fact that Joyce, who was practically blind by 1939, chose to deploy his encyclopaedic and labyrinthine knowledge of the varieties of human belief in such a gargantuan exercise can be seen as a heroic act of defiance in the face of an oncoming nightmare. It is not unreasonable to argue that Finnegans Wake is the ultimate literary clarion call for what we now call multiculturalism.
Benstock's case that the left-wing credentials of the Wake have been neglected for too long also rests on Joyce's use of two philosophers who can be seen as progenitors of the tradition of historical materialism and antecedents of Hegel and Marx. The ideas of the eighteenth century Italian thinker, Giambattisto Vico, are integral to the Wake – as evident in the book's first sentence. He was one of the first philosophers to work towards a materialist philosophy of history, which did not perceive events as the unfolding of some form of plan based on the will of unseen but all-seeing deities. Vico devised a cyclical version of history, comprising of three epochs – the divine, the heroic and the human, climaxing with what he termed a ricorso, or reversion back to the beginning. Famously, the last sentence of the Wake links back to the first in a satisfying completion of the Viconian cycle: A way a lone a last a loved a long the.....
Giambattisto Vico
Contrary to the view that the Wake is an incoherent and rambling mess, the four sections of the work loosely follow this scheme – albeit, with typical Joycean mischief, in reverse! Samuel Beckett, friend and collaborator of Joyce, in one of the earliest interpretations of the Wake argued the author's appropriation of Vico symbolises an individual's journey through belief, marriage and burial. Benstock, however, makes the case that Vico's four stages are a historic first draft of Marx's outline that humanity progresses through modes of production, climaxing with communism. The great author of Capital himself was not unaware of the role Vico played in paving the way for historical materialism:
Darwin has interested us in the history of Nature's Technology, i.e., in the formation of the organs of plants and animals, which organs serve as instruments of production for sustaining life. Does not the history of the productive organs of man, of organs that are the material basis of all social organisation, deserve equal attention? And would not such a history be easier to compile, since, as Vico says, human history differs from natural history in this, that we have made the former, but not the latter?
Trotsky also begins his epic history of the Russian Revolution with a reference to Vico's ideas.
The other major conceptual underpinning of the Wake is provided by Giordano Bruno, the sixteenth century Italian astronomer and philosopher who was executed by the Catholic Church for his heretical ideas on heliocentrism. More important for Joyce, however, was Bruno's radical views on the unity of opposites and the limitations of dualism, which are impossible to study now without being reminded of similar ideas in the Hegelian dialectic. In a work from 1584, Bruno writes:
...even in the two extremes of the scale of nature, we contemplate two principles which are one; two beings which are one; two contraries which are harmonious and the same. Therefore height is depth, the abyss is light unvisited, darkness is brilliant, the large is small, the confused is distinct, dispute is friendship, the dividend is united, the atom is immensity.... Here are the signs and proofs whereby we see that contraries do truly concur; they are from a single origin and are in truth and substance one.
The emphasis on the importance of assimilation and synthesis in the thought of Bruno is adapted in the Wake in the form of numerous dualistic personality clashes between archetypes broadly representing the artistic and scientific mentalities. The dialogues between the brothers Shem and Shaun, St. Patrick and the Arch Druid, Mutt and Jutte, the Ant and the Grasshopper and many others throughout the book play out the contests between ideologies, nations and classes which have driven human history forwards. The dialectical power of these discussions, which Hegel and Marx would have appreciated, is revealed as no participant decisively emerges victorious and that, in the unfolding spiral of social development, everyone and everything contributes in some form. Alternatively, as Joyce in his inimitable way puts in the Wake:
a clappercoupling smeltingworks exprogressive process, (for the farmer, his son and their homely codes, known as eggburst, eggblend, eggburial and hatch-as-hatch can) receives through a portal vein the dialytically separated elements of prededent decomposition for the verypet-purpose of subsequent recombination so that the heroticisms, catastrophes and eccentricities transmitted by the ancient legacy of the past….
Joyce's desire in the Wake to conserve the best elements of human civilisation is focused not only on identifying the cultural artefacts that have evolved over centuries, such as languages and religions, but also on those fields of enquiry that were emerging in his own lifetime. In the 1930s, relativity and quantum theory represented the most trailblazing branches of scientific discovery, and sections of the book clearly indicate that Joyce appreciated the revolutionary implications of these areas in terms of our understanding of the world. Einstein's seminal notion that space and time are not separate categories but form a unified space-time continuum that shapes the universe is one of the other dualities that Joyce undermines. The author's awareness of the transformative nature of Einstein's view, of course, is in stark contrast to that of the Nazis who drove the great physicist, along with many of his Jewish colleagues, out of Germany:
And let every crisscouple be so crosscomplimentary, little eggons, youlk and meek, in a farbiger pancosmos.
Joyce's appreciation of Theoretical Physics was famously reciprocated in 1963 when Murray Gell-Man turned to the Wake to name a newly discovered elementary particle of matter that is smaller than a proton or a neutron. Hence the 'quark' was born!
Barely any aspect of human activity is overlooked in the Wake. In one memorable passage, Joyce utilises the names of some of the finest cricketers of the age, alongside some of that sport's distinctive jargon. The book incorporates numerous devices and techniques that were being pioneered in the contemporary worlds of advertising, cinema and television, such as montage and sloganeering. Joyce's disdain for the elitist differentiation between high and low culture, and his preference for emerging 'democratic' art forms, is even apparent in the book's title, which is taken from a popular American ballad.
A rallying call for revolution
In the light of all these elements being conjoined in a single text, it is difficult to think of any other artistic enterprise created by one person that so spectacularly illustrates the concept of totality, as understood by Marxist philosophers such as Gramsci and Lukacs. Benstock and other left-wing commentators have interpreted the climax of the book as a rallying call for revolution as HCE, the key protagonist, experiences a personal paradigm-shift that mirrors the transfigurative nature of political upheaval. Typically, Joyce utilises the vocabulary of Asiatic mythology to articulate this leap into the future:
Sandhyas! Sandhyas! Sandhyas! Calling all downs. Calling all downs to dayne. Array! Surrec-tion! Eireweeker to the wohld bludyn world. O rally, O rally, O rally! Phlenxty, O rally! To what lifelike thyne of the bird can be.
The supposedly unreadable nature of the work is partly a linguistic consequence of this attempt to compress the essence of humanity into a single document that acknowledges the multitudinous achievements, failures and ideas of our collective experience as a species. For potential readers who have avoided the Wake so far, it might be worth considering that in the age of the internet, the book is actually far more accessible now than it was at the time of first publication.
Joyce's breath-taking erudition can now be followed and tracked much more conveniently than for the first generation of readers. In that sense, it is a work for the 21st century even more than the 20th. Similarly, it could be argued that only in the globalised and hybrid era of late capitalism in which we are now situated is it possible to fully appreciate the grandeur and scope of Finnegans Wake. The book is a remarkable instancing of the emerging spirit of cosmopolitanism and a powerful riposte to narrow nationalism and chauvinism, both in Joyce's time and ours.
The author himself also demonstrated the best way to approach the Wake is to read it aloud, as a lot of the subterranean allusions and nuances of the text emerge more noticeably in arguably the original art form of human beings – oral story-telling.
There is no evidence that Joyce was aware of Gramsci's work (perhaps unsurprising in light of the latter's incarceration in the 1930s) but Finnegans Wake is an unwitting monument to the great Italian Marxist's belief that our historical development, if permitted by a suitable course of events, will facilitate the cultural unification of the human race. Not in the sense of imposing uniformity but in the sense of recognising the commonality of experiences and beliefs that have driven men and women over millennia, and culminating in a new age of universal tolerance.
To conclude: an understanding of the historical and ideological ingredients of the Wake indicates that early sceptics such as Wells and Pound could not have been more wrong. As fascism rears in hideous head again in our time, with its visceral politics of hate, the message of the Wake about the essential unity of the human race is emphatically worth another look.
Mike Quille
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Mike Quille is a writer, reviewer and chief editor of Culture Matters.
The Children of the Nation: An Anthology of Working People's Poetry from Contemporary Ireland
John Storey
John Storey is Emeritus Professor of Cultural Studies at the Centre for Research in Media and Cultural Studies, University of Sunderland, UK. He has published extensively in cultural studies, including twelve books. He is currently working on a thirteenth book, Refusing to be Realistic: Cultural Studies and Utopian Desire, to be published with Routledge.
A common treasury for all: Gerrard Winstanley and the Diggers
Mark Perryman
Mark Perryman is a writer and the co-founder of Philosophy Football.
London is drowning – but keep the faith
Christine Lindey
Until she recently retired Christine Lindey was an Associate Lecturer in art history at the University of the Arts, London and at Birkbeck College, University of London. She is a visual arts critic for the Morning Star and her fifth book, Art for All: British Socially Committed Art c.1939 - c.1962, will be published in the near future.
'The future of art hangs on the future of civilisation': The Artists' International and the Spanish Civil War
Derek Wall
Derek Wall is International Coordinator of the Green Party of England and Wales and writes for the Morning Star. His latest book, Economics After Capitalism, was published by Pluto in 2015.
Culture is ordinary: the politics and letters of Raymond Williams
Salena Godden
Salena Godden has been described as 'The doyenne of the spoken word scene' (Ian McMillan, BBC Radio 3's The Verb); 'The Mae West madam of the salon' (The Sunday Times) and as 'everything the Daily Mail is terrified of' (Kerrang! Magazine). She is also the lead singer and lyricist of SaltPeter, alongside composer Peter Coyte.
Megan Behrent
Education, literacy, and the Russian Revolution
Chris Rowland
Christopher Rowland is the Dean Ireland professor of the Exegesis of Holy Scripture Emeritus at the University of Oxford.
Roland Boer
Roland Boer is a distinguished professor at the Faculty of Philosophy, Renmin University of China, Beijing.
Capitalism, Communism, Christianity - and Christmas
Phil Brett
Phil Brett is a primary school teacher, who has written two novels (Comrades Come Rally and Gone Underground) set in a revolutionary Britain of the near future. In between planning lessons and marking, he is writing the third.
Gone Underground: imagining revolution in Britain
David Betteridge
David Betteridge is the author of a collection of poems celebrating Glasgow and its radical traditions, 'Granny Albyn's Complaint', published by Smokestack Books in 2008. He is also the editor of a compilation of poems, songs, prose memoirs, photographs and cartoons celebrating the 1971-2 UCS work-in on Clydeside. This book, called 'A Rose Loupt Oot', was published by Smokestack Books in 2011.
After the Latest Defeat
Jean Turner
Jean Turner studied at Kingston School of Art and worked for thirty-five years as a local authority housing and schools architect. She was General Secretary, then Honorary Secretary, of the SCR/SCRSS from 1985–2013 and is currently Honorary Treasurer.
Pic: Vaughan Melzer
The Russian Revolution and Avant-Garde Architecture
Lynn Mally
Lynn Mally is Professor Emerita of History at the University of California, Irvine. She has published on Soviet cultural history, US/Soviet cultural exchange, and American culture in the 1930s. See www.americanagefashion.com
'Culture is not a luxury!': the Proletkult in revolutionary Russia
Jenny Farrell
Jenny Farrell was born in Berlin, and works as a lecturer in Galway Mayo Institute of Technology. She is the author of Revolutionary Romanticism - Examining the Odes of John Keats, Nuascéalta, 2017.
A deep and compassionate humanism: the 150th anniversary of Ernest Barlach
John Green is a journalist and broadcaster. He has authored and edited several books and anthologies on a wide range of subjects including political biographies, labour history, poetry, natural history and environmental affairs.
Socially engaged, internationalist and critical: the destruction of GDR culture since reunification
Gareth Edwards is a socialist based in Portsmouth. He teaches on the Sports Journalism degree course at the University of the Arts in London. He blogs infrequently at https://inside-left.blogspot.co.uk
Sport and the Russian Revolution
Sabby Sagall
Sabby Sagall is a former senior lecturer in Sociology at the University of East London.
A wave of creativity: music and the Russian Revolution
Sophie Coudray
Sophie Coudray is a PhD student in drama studies at Lyon University, a member of the External Editorial Board of Période, and an activist.
The Theatre of the Oppressed
Amy Skinner
Dr. Amy Skinner is Lecturer in Drama and Theatre Practice, School of Arts, University of Hull.
Spotlights and Searchlights: Theatre and the Russian Revolution
Andy Byford
Andy Byford is Professor of Russian at Durham University in the United Kingdom. He has published on the history of the human sciences in Russia across the late tsarist and early Soviet periods.
Revolution and Science under the Bolsheviks
Carolyn Pouncy
Carolyn Pouncy, a historian specialising in Muscovite Russia, writes fiction under the pen name C. P. Lesley. Two of her novels—Desert Flower and Kingdom of the Shades—explore themes from the classical ballets Giselle and La Bayadère. See http://www.cplesley.com.
Dancing Up a Storm: the 1917 Revolution and Russian ballet
Dennis Broe
Dennis Broe is a culture critic whose latest work is Birth of the Binge: Serial TV and The End of Leisure. His art and architecture criticism appear on Arts Express on the Pacifica Network in the US, on Breaking Glass on Art District Radio in Paris and at Culture Matters and People's World.
Red Vienna: the architecture of socialist hope
Andrew Warburton
Andrew Warburton is a writer and editor in Boston, Massachusetts. He is a member of Labour International (the international section of the British Labour Party) and Momentum.
Defending the freedom of artists
Andy Byford et al
Andy Byford, Anoush Ehteshami, Abir Hamdar, Francisco-J. Hernández Adrián & Dušan Radunović.
What's Left? A Century in Revolution
Alain Badiou is a French philosopher, formerly chair of Philosophy at the École Normale Supérieure and founder of the faculty of Philosophy of the Université de Paris VIII with Gilles Deleuze, Michel Foucault and Jean-François Lyotard.
Communism by way of the poem
James Crossley
James Crossley is Professor of Bible, Society and Politics at St Mary's University, Twickenham. He writes mainly on religion and politics in the twentieth and twenty-first century and the historical Jesus in the first century.
Jeremy Corbyn's Good Samaritan
Nick Grant recently retired from school teaching and a place on the national executive of the NUT. He's the drummer in his own band, Public Sector.
Snarky Puppy: a temporary utopia of deeply humanist music
John Ellison
John Ellison is a writer and a retired solicitor.
Dreaming of communism: News from Nowhere by William Morris
Keith Flett
Keith Flett is convenor of the socialist history seminar at the Institute of Historical Research and has been a member of CAMRA since 1975.
The election: brewing, pubs and beer in Labour's Manifesto
Andrew Brown is a religious naturalist, Unitarian minister in Cambridge, hermeneutic communist, jazz bass player, photographer, cyclist and Thoreauvian walker.
Jesus, tribune of the people, ascends to heaven
Alan Morrison
Alan Morrison is a Brighton-based poet and editor of The Recusant, and Militant Thistles.
The election: Statement by 117 poets in support of the Labour Party
Jeremy Dibble
Jeremy Dibble is Professor of Musicology at Durham University.
Jerusalem: A Hymn To Women's Suffrage
Mark Abel
Mark Abel is a musician and a trade union activist. He teaches history and philosophy at University of Brighton.
Music and Marxism: Part Two
Peter Frost is a journalist for the Morning Star.
Lenin didn't have Facebook and never watched the telly
Nick Wright
Nick Wright is an editor at Manifesto Press, blogs at 21centurymanifesto and is responsible for the Communist Party's media work.
Art, politics, anti-semitism and anti-Corbynism
Mike Sanders
Mike Sanders is Senior Lecturer in Nineteenth-Century Writing at the University of Manchester.
The Song of the Low: The Chartist Ernest Jones advises the Labour Party
Will Stone is news editor for the Morning Star and freelances for various other national newspapers. He has written for online theatre review site What's On Stage, music magazines and has produced and presented several series on post-punk/industrial for ResonanceFM, an arts radio station in London.
Sleaford Mods: Invisible Britain
Chris Jury
Chris Jury is an award winning actor, writer and director. A regular contributor to the Morning Star, he is also the cofounder of the Tolpuddle Radical Film Festival and a member of the TV Committee of the Writers Guild Of Great Britain.
The cult of Shakespeare: a provocation
Melissa Oldham
Melissa Oldham is a PhD student and tutor in the department of Psychological Sciences at the University of Liverpool.
How the media shapes our cultural ideals of body shape
Henry Giroux
Henry A. Giroux currently holds the McMaster University Chair for Scholarship in the Public Interest in the English and Cultural Studies Department.
We are called to speak for the weak: A manifesto for critical pedagogy
Gabriel Egan
Gabriel Egan is Professor of Shakespeare Studies at de Montfort University, Leicester. He is the author of Shakespeare and Marx, Oxford University Press 2004.
Is Shakespeare Universal?
Catherine Graham
Catherine Graham's work has appeared in magazines and anthologies in the UK, USA and Ireland. Her first full collection, Things I Will Put In My Mother's Pocket, is published by Indigo Dreams Publishing (2013.
A protest march
Sarah Clancy is a poet from Galway, Ireland. Her last two collections of poetry are 'Thanks for Nothing, Hippies' and 'The Truth and Other Stories' published by Salmon Poetry. In 2015 she was named the Bogman's Cannon People's Poet.
What a Bomb Hits
Anne Duggan
Anne E. Duggan is a Professor of French and Chair of Classical & Modern Languages, Literatures, and Cultures at Wayne State University, Michigan. She is also Co-Editor of Marvels & Tales: Journal of Fairy-Tale Studies.
Reactionaries and Revolutionaries: Classical Fairy Tales and Class
Alex Simpson
Dr. Alex Simpson is a Lecturer in Criminology in the School of Applied Social Science at the University of Brighton.
Steve Griffiths
Steve Griffiths spent his working life in welfare rights, community work and researching and campaigning on health and social policy, from neighbourhood to national scale.
National Poetry Day: Futures in Finance
PL Henderson
PL Henderson is a writer, reviewer, art historian/researcher, feminist activist and artist. She is creator/curator of #WOMENSART, see https://womensartblog.wordpress.com.
'Marxism will heal the sick': Frida Kahlo and Karl Marx
Walter Wolfgang
Adrian Chan-Wyles
Adrian Chan-Wyles PhD is a writer, translator, founder of the Sangha Kommune, and Spiritual Director of the Chan Buddhism Institute.
When Karl Marx Practised Buddhism
Andy Summers is a writer based in Birmingham.
The Responsible Bomb
Sheree Mack
Dr. Sheree Mack is a writer and artist, with expertise in Black British Women's Poetry. She's currently working on a creative non-fiction novel as well as a poetry collection about Rewilding.
We'll show you you're a woman
Vicky Sparrow
Vicky Sparrow is a Ph.D student working on the poetry of Anna Mendelssohn, at Birkbeck College, London.
'A poem of objects that live by magic': the poetry of Anna Mendelssohn
Paul Victor Tims
Paul Victor Tims is a writer and a magician.
Culture Punch: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood and righteous anti-capitalist violence
Kevin Higgins is a Galway-based poet, essayist and reviewer, and satirist-in-residence at the alternative literature site The Bogman's Cannon, www.bogmanscannon.com.
What They Don't Know Is
Rita Ann Higgins
Rita Ann Higgins is a Galway-based poet and playwright. She has published ten books of poetry.
It Suits a Narrative
Lisa Kelly
Lisa Kelly is a freelance journalist and Chair of Magma Poetry. Her first collection, 'A Map Towards Fluency' is forthcoming from Carcanet this summer.
This poem has a title
Chris Guiton
Chris Guiton is a copywriter, and founding member and Associate Editor of Culture Matters. He can be contacted at Wealden Wordsmith.
The Good Soldier Svejk: or How to Stay Sane in an Insane World
Gerald Horne
Gerald Horne is an African-American historian who currently holds the John J. and Rebecca Moores Chair of History and African American Studies at the University of Houston.
Paul Robeson: The Artist As Revolutionary
William Rowe is Anniversary Professor of Poetics at Birkbeck College, London. His most recent book is nation (Knives Forks and Spoons Press, 2016).
Two Poems by William Rowe
Deborah Price
Deborah Price lives in Deri. She has written four books for children and collaborated on and published another ten. They include poetry anthologies/collections and a 30th anniversary commemoration of the 1984 Miners' Strike.
Aberfan and the Free Wales Army
Martin Brown
Martin Brown is a retired teacher, a member of the National Education Union and Unify (a cross-union body campaigning for one union for all education professionals) and former editor of 'Education for Tomorrow'.
Is There a Marxist Perspective on Education?
Kim Reynolds
Kimberley Reynolds is the Professor of Children's Literature in the School of English Literature, Language and Linguistics at Newcastle University in the UK. Recent publications include Children's Literature in the Oxford University series of Very Short Introductions (2012) and Left Out: The Forgotten Tradition of Radical Publishing for Children in Britain, 1910-1949 (Oxford University Press, 2016).
'Heed the truth/Spoken by the youth!' Stories of political activism by young people at the Battle of Cable Street
Steve Johnson is London District Secretary of the Communist Party and a social worker by profession. He has a keen interest in music, politics and real ale and is a regular festival attender
Dylan Goes Electric
Steve Pottinger
Steve Pottinger is a performance poet who's passionate about the power of poetry to create connections between people. He believes in making an audience laugh and think and decide that poetry isn't so bad after all.
Jim Aitken
Jim Aitken is a poet and dramatist living and working in Edinburgh. He is a tutor in Scottish Cultural Studies with Adult Education and he organises literary walks around the city.
The election: Voices of The Dispossessed
Gordon Parsons
Gordon Parsons is an arts reviewer for the Morning Star.
Theatre and Politics: Book Review
Mary Vincent
Animal Farm: a powerfully written allegory but an untruthful, gender-blind analysis
Helena Sheehan
Helena Sheehan is an author and activist. She is emeritus professor at Dublin City University where she taught history of ideas, science studies and media studies. Her books include: Marxism and the Philosophy of Science: A Critical History, Irish Television Drama : A Society and Its Stories, Has the Red Flag Fallen? and The Syriza Wave. She is an active contributor to mainstream, alternative and social media.
A brief and breathtakingly brilliant life: Christopher Caudwell, activist and intellectual
Keith Armstrong
Keith Armstrong has worked as a community worker, librarian, publisher and poet, and has performed his poetry throughout the world.
The Divided Self: a poem for Burns Night
Paul Foley
Paul Foley is a trade union activist and arts reviewer for the Morning Star.
A Terrible Beauty: The Cultural Impact of the 1916 Easter Rising
Richard King is Professor of Buddhist & Asian Studies, Head of Religious Studies and Programme Convenor for Asian Studies, Kent University.
Marxism, Buddhism and socialism
Sandy Grant
Sandy Grant is a philosopher at the University of Cambridge and tweets at @TheSandyGrant
The Power of Poetry in Dark Times
Graham Stevenson
Graham Stevenson is a political and trade union activist, and has held many senior posts in the labour movement.
Peaky Blinders and the Real Jessie Eden
Michael Flynn and Julian Germain
The Pitmen Painters and the Ashington District Star
Fran Lock
Fran Lock is a poet, illustrator, and political activist. She has written several collections of poetry, the most recent being 'Muses and Bruises', published by Culture Matters.
Marc James Leger
Marc James Léger is an independent scholar living in Montreal. He is editor of The Idea of the Avant Garde – And What It Means Today (2014) and author of Brave New Avant Garde (2012), The Neoliberal Undead (2013) and Drive in Cinema: Essays on Film, Theory and Politics (2015).
Unknown Knowledge: Richard Hamilton's Last Works
Lucy Pearson
Dr. Lucy Pearson is Lecturer in Children's Literature at Newcastle University.
The child colonisers: fanfiction and young people's reading power
Anthony Sullivan
Dr Anthony Sullivan lectures in Cultural and Historical Studies at the London College of Fashion.
Why Fashion Matters
Robert Minto
Robert Minto is a writer and philosopher. He blogs and tweets.
A smuggling operation: John Berger's theory of art
Mike Jenkins
Mike Jenkins is an award-winning Welsh poet and author and unofficial poet for Cardiff City FC. His new book of political poetry, Nobody's Subject, is published in Summer 2016.
To A Different Country
Dave Rogers
Dave Rogers works for Banner Theatre and is a political activist and campaigner.
Banner Theatre: Building Communities of Dramatic Resistance
Esther Leslie
Esther Leslie is Professor of Political Aesthetics at Birkbeck, University of London.
'The murderous, meaningless caprices of fashion': Marx on capital, clothing and fashion
Steve Redhead
Steve Redhead is Professor of Cultural Studies in the Faculty of Education, Humanities and Law at Flinders University in Adelaide, South Australia.
When Pep Met Jose: From Northern Powerhouse to Northern Bauhaus
Bruce Wilkinson
Bruce Wilkinson is an occasional contributor to the football magazine When Saturday Comes, generally writing about social issues affecting fans, and his team, Blackburn Rovers.
Hidden Culture, Forgotten History
Ian Birchall
Ian Birchall is a writer and translator; see his website at http://grimanddim.org.
Book Review: Comrades Come Rally
Paul Donovan is a freelance journalist, who reports on football for the Morning Star. He has also contributed across the British media on a variety of issues across the political and cultural sphere over a number of years.
Is football still the game of ordinary working people?
Heathcote Williams
It Ain't Me, Bob
Mark Stephens
I, Daniel Blake demands a political response
Mohja Kahf
Mohja Kahf was born in Syria. She is a widely published poet and author.
Little Mosque Poems
Daniel Rosenberg
Dan Rosenberg teaches history at Adelphi University, just outside New York City.
Jazz and Justice
Peter Doran
Dr Peter Doran is a lecturer at the School of Law at Queens University Belfast and a life-long activist on issues ranging from the arms trade to the circular economy.
Towards a mindful cultural commons
Jane Kallir
Jane Kallir is co-director of the Galerie St. Etienne, New York.
A weapon in the class struggle: American artists and the Communist Party
Tony Collins
Tony Collins is a professor of history at De Montfort University. His books include 'Sport in Capitalist Society' and 'The Oval World'.
What's Happened to Sport?
David Cromwell and David Edwards
David Cromwell and David Edwards are co-editors of Media Lens, medialens.org.
Distortion and groupthink
Joanne Entwistle
Dr Joanne Entwistle is Reader in the Department of Culture, Media and Creative Industries at King's College, London. She has written extensively on fashion, dress and the body.
The everyday creative activity of clothing ourselves
Emma Boyland
Dr Emma Boyland is a lecturer in the Department of Psychological Sciences at the University of Liverpool since 2012.
A Culture of Overconsumption: Portion Control
Haydn Greenway
Haydn Greenway is a recently retired nuclear medicine technologist, having worked for the NHS for over 30 years.
The Music of Imperialism: Berlioz's The Trojans
Peggy Deamer is a professor of architecture at Yale University and a practicing architect. She is the founding member of the Architecture Lobby, an activist organisation that argues for the value of architectural work within and without the profession.
The architect as activist
Tayo Aluko
Tayo Aluko is the writer and performer of the multi-award-winning CALL MR ROBESON which he has been touring worldwide since 2008. His new play JUST AN ORDINARY LAWYER has also started being performed internationally since February 2017.
Art as a weapon to defend the oppressed
Paul Simon is a reviewer for the Morning Star.
The Handsworth Times
Norrie Paton
Norrie Paton is a writer and Burns scholar. He grew up in the shipbuilding town of Port Glasgow and served a five-year apprenticeship as a draughtsman.
Robert Burns the Democrat
Sarah Alderton
Sarah Alderton is an Assistant Nutritionist at Consensus Action on Salt, Sugar & Health.
Fast Food Fury: time to overhaul our takeaway culture
Geoff Bright
Dr Geoff Bright is a Research Fellow in the Education and Social Research Institute at Manchester Metropolitan University. With a background as a rail union activist and community educator in the UK coalfields, his research focuses on the intersection of class, place, gender and affect as it impacts on the political imagination of working class communities.
Social haunting in the Brexit coalfields
Doug Nicholls
Doug Nicholls is General Secretary of the General Federation of Trade Unions, and the author of numerous books on history, politics, poetry and culture.
Greg Godels
Greg Godels wrote cultural commentary for the US Communist publication, The Daily/Weekly World. Today, he writes political and economic commentary from a Marxist-Leninist perspective.
Coltrane's revolutionary musical journey
Andy Croft
Andy Croft has written and edited over 80 books, including poetry, biography, teenage non-fiction and novels for children. He writes a regular poetry column for the Morning Star, curates the T-junction international poetry festival on Teesside and runs Smokestack Books. He lives in North Yorkshire.
Mobilise the books! A review of Shabbigentile
Sean Ledwith
Sean Ledwith is a Counterfire member and Lecturer in History and Politics at York College, where he is also UCU branch secretary.
Martin Cloake
Martin Cloake is a journalist, award-winning author, editor, trainer and project manager.
Killing the FA Cup by the pound
Daniel Clarkson Fisher
Danny is an essay filmmaker whose work has been featured in numerous outlets. See danielclarksonfisher.com.
Dunkirk: Keep Calm and Carry On?
Gerry Cordon
Gerry Cordon is a retired FE college lecturer, blogging at gerryco23.wordpress.com.
Blood and Roses: The concert marking the centennial of Ewan MacColl
Patricia McGee is a retired FE lecturer, and very concise.
Tyneside Story
Dr Rebecca Hillman
Rebecca Hillman is a writer, theatre maker and activist. Her teaching and research at the University of Exeter, where she works as a Drama lecturer, are informed by her involvement in trade union and community campaigns. Her research explores the role of art in social and industrial movements past and present, and the way in which the history of political art and creative protest has been documented. Please contact Rebecca if you are interested in helping build a cultural wing of the labour movement at r.a.hillman@exeter.ac.uk
Rebuilding Culture in the Labour Movement: collaborations for the future and celebrations of the past.
Matt Bruce
Matt Bruce is an architect who moved to Lewis in 1987 and worked in both public and private sectors and then on housing development in the islands' council. He is now retired but active in a number of community organisations.
Cuimhneachain nan Gaisgeach - Remembering the Heroes
Marc Nash is a novelist and short story writer, and works for the freedom of expression charity Index on
The Eighteenth Brumaire of Peter Schlemihl
Susan Jones is a published writer, researcher and consultant on contemporary visual arts matters, at www.padwickjonesarts.co.uk. She is a specialist in artists' livelihoods, professional development and employment patterns, and was Director of a-n The Artists Information Company 1999-2014.
Art, activism and the cultural food chain
Gerry Rowe
Gerry Rowe is a writer, disgruntled minor functionary, and a Labour councillor in Chepstow.
John Smith is an award-winning avant garde film-maker, based in London.
Steve Presence
'Bomb the river': space, class, and masculinity in Shane Meadows' films
Steve Willey
Steve Willey is a poet, researcher and critic. He is lecturer in Creative and Critical Writing at Birkbeck College, University of London. Elegy, his most recent book of poetry, was published by Veer in 2013.
A Poetics of Struggle: An Introduction to the Poetry of William Rowe
Rab Wilson
Rab Wilson is a Scottish poet who writes mainly in the Scots language. His works include a Scots translation of the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam. His latest collection is Zero Hours.
Burnsiana
Monique Charles
Monique Charles is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Warwick.
Grime helps launch a revolution in youth politics
Stuart Cartland
Dr. Stuart Cartland is a teaching Fellow at Sussex uni.
Peter Branson
Peter Branson is a full time poet, songwriter, traditional-style singer and socialist whose poetry has been published around the world. His latest collection, 'Hawk Rising', is due out early 2016.
Paul Dovey
Paul Dovey is a trade unionist who sometimes gets angry and writes things. He strongly believes that the act of creativity itself is empowering and that working class culture should make its own space and use its own voice.
On the Up
Tony McKenna
Tony McKenna is a writer, his latest book is 'Angels and Demons: A Radical Anthology of Political Lives' (Zero Books).
Lively, incisive and erudite: Marxist Literary Criticism Today, by Barbara Foley
Fred Voss
Fred Voss, a machinist for 32 years, has had three collections of poetry published by the UK's Bloodaxe Books. His latest booklet is The Earth and the Stars in the Palm of Our Hand, published by Culture Matters.
National Poetry Day: Hammer Blow and Heartbeat
Zita Holbourne
Zita is a poet, artist, national vice president of PCS Union, and National Chair and co-founder of Black Activists Rising Against Cuts (BARAC) UK.
The election: we need equality at the heart of politics
Muhanned Mohamed Khorshid
Muhanned Mohamed Khorshid is an Iraqi born artist and writer, living and working in Helsinki.
Short Story: Ark of Salvation
Julia Mickenberg
Julia Mickenberg is Associate Professor of American Studies at the University of Texas at Austin. She is the author of Learning from the Left: Children's Literature, the Cold War, and Radical Politics in the United States and co-editor (with Philip Nel) of Tales for Little Rebels: A Collection of Radical Children's Literature.
Radical Children's Literature
Matt Abbott
Matt Abbott is a spoken word poet from West Yorkshire. Having started a few weeks before his 18th birthday, his career has so far ranged from a major record deal with the band Skint & Demoralised, through to political activism, education work and forming spoken word record label Nymphs & Thugs. He is an ambassador for Trinity Homeless Projects and CRIBS International, as well as Poet-in-Residence at the National Coal Mining Museum for England.
Pick up a pen and speak out
Amir Darwish
Amir Darwish is a poet, born in Syria and now living on Teeside. His poetry has been published in the USA, Pakistan, Finland, Morocco and Mexico, and he is a graduate of Teesside University and the University of Durham.
Cultural beheading: art from Syrian refugees
Martin Hayes
Martin Hayes has worked in the courier industry for 30 years. His latest collection is The Things Our Hands Once Stood For, published by Culture Matters.
The election: the intern
Niall McDevitt
Niall McDevitt is an Irish poet and activist. He leads epic psycho-geographical walks through London, about Shakespeare, Blake, Rimbaud, and Yeats.
The Western Wall Plaza
Jon Tait
Jon Tait is a postal worker and writer from Northumberland who lives in Carlisle.
Measure Twice, Cut Once
Fran Lock and Jane Burn
Fran Lock and Jane Burn are poets and Associate Editors of Culture Matters.
IWD 2019: Eighteen working women poets
Trish Lavelle
Trish Lavelle is the Head of Education and Training at the CWU.
Refreshing the culture of working class education
Michael Lavalette
Dr Michael Lavalette is Professor of Social Work and Social Policy,
and Head of School of Social Sciences, Liverpool Hope University
Hillsborough and the policing of working class sport
Len Phelan
Art of Solidarity
Prue Chamberlain
Prudence Chamberlain is a Teaching Fellow in Creative Writing. Her first collection is forthcoming with Knives, Forks and Spoons Press, while her collaborative work with SJ Fowler, on Disney, will be released later this year. She is currently writing a book on affect and the fourth wave of feminism for Palgrave Macmillan.
The Argonauts: Book Review
Peter Raynard is a writer and editor of Proletarian Poetry: poems of working class lives. He has been widely published and his debut collection Precarious will be published by Smokestack Books in April 2018. His poetic coupling of the Communist Manifesto will be published by Culture Matters in May, 2018.
The election: Violence Decides
Sanjiv Sachdev
Sanjiv Sachdev is a Senior Lecturer at the University of West London. Formerly a trade union research officer, one of his interests is political art.
Photos of a divided society
Boff Whalley
Boff Whalley is a songwriter, fellrunner and former postman, previously in the troublesome pop group Chumbawamba. He has worked extensively in theatre and arts projects, collaborating on choral pieces at Manchester Museum, Tate Britain and Somerset House, London.
A Manifesto for a Choir
Amarjit Chandan
Amarjit Chandan is a noted Punjabi poet and essayist.
Thank you John; thank you
Dr. Stephen Pritchard is an artist and academic, researching and practising activist art projects in community settings in order to create spaces for community empowerment, resistance and liberation.
Caught Doing Social Work? - socially engaged art and the dangers of becoming social workers
Mollie Brown
Mollie Brown is an activist, student and mother, and an Associate Editor of Culture Matters.
The Bread and Roses Songwriting and Spoken Word Award 2020
Rebecca Gordon-Nesbitt
Rebecca researched and drafted the report on Creative Health: The Arts for Health and Wellbeing, 2017 for the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Arts, Health and Wellbeing,
Promoting creativity: towards a socialist cultural policy
Alan Dunnett
Alan Dunnett is a poet, active union member and former theatre director who now works at Central Saint Martins, London. His poems have appeared in magazines and ezines including Dead Ink, The Recusant, Militant Thistles and Communist Review.
At service or brexit
Emma Carboni
Emma Carboni works for Accumulate.
Alfredo Jaar's Garden of Good and Evil
Dermot Foster
Dermot Foster lives in Oldham and recently retired from teaching in Further Education, in colleges, communities, mental health facilities, and HMP Manchester.
Trouble In Store
Manash Firaq Bhattacharjee
Manash Firaq Bhattacharjee is a poet, writer, occasional translator and political science scholar. He teaches poetry at Ambedkar University, New Delhi.
Staring Back
Rip Bulkeley
Rip Bulkeley is a semi-retired research historian and non-retired poet.
Grenfell Day
Luke Callinan
Luke Callinan is a Left Republican from south County Roscommon, Ireland. His main interests are Irish literature and history.
Jonathan Edwards's first collection, My Family and Other Superheroes (Seren, 2014) received the Costa Poetry Award and the Wales Book of the Year People's Choice Award.
From Aberfan t Grenfell
Mike Templeton
Mike Templeton is a freelance writer and independent writer from Cincinnati.
Public Art and Public Image in the World of the Spectacle
Michael Roberts is Festival Producer of the Cornwall Film Festival.
Dunkirk - a visceral account of the Allied retreat
Linda Hirst
Dr Linda Hirst is Head of Vocal Studies at Trinity Laban Conservertoire of Music and Dance in Greenwich, London.
IWD 2016: Women of the World
Stop consuming and do it yourself
Michael Rosen is a freelance writer, teacher, journalist, performer and broadcaster. He supports Arsenal Football Club.
Ross Bradshaw
Ross Bradshaw runs the radical Five Leaves Bookshop in Nottingham.
Nathan Akehurst
Nathan Akehurst is a socialist activist and freelance writer, working in campaigns and communications.
Take back control: inspiring revolutionary architecture from 1917 Russia.....and 2017 London
Stephanie McMillan
Stephanie McMillan is an artist, cartoonist, communist organiser and cultural activist. See http://stephaniemcmillan.org
The American Ruling Class
Scott McLemee
Scott McLemee is a critic and essayist living in the United States who writes for a variety of cultural and political journals.
200 years young
Glenn Bradford
Glenn Bradford is a poet and short story writer based in Sutton-in-Ashfield. He works for Royal Mail, and takes inspiration from the people and places he sees whilst out delivering the post. In some ways he genuinely is a man of letters.
The Miner
Robert Farrell lives and works in the Bronx, New York, as a librarian.
Aftersong
Darren Pih
Tracey Emin meets William Blake
Nadia Drews
Nadia Drews is a playwright, director, poet and performer. Thirty years of repressed rhymes mean she writes long poems - but she reads them fast.
National Poetry Day: Fingered
Tony Walsh
Tony Walsh, also known as Longfella, is an English poet, performer and writer.
Owen Gallagher
National Poetry Day: The Truth about the Arms Trade
Luna Williams
Luna Williams is a theatre graduate and political correspondent at the Immigration Advice Service.
One Night in Miami
Sam DeLeo
Sam DeLeo is a widely published writer of poetry, fiction, plays and cultural commentary. He lives in Denver, Colorado.
Culture's Nice Try
Tom Walker is Production Editor at Red Pepper.
A people's algorithm? Facebook and the rise of surveillance capitalism
Jack Newsinger
Jack Newsinger is Assistant Professor in Cultural Industries and Media at Notts. Uni.
'Dreams to live on': The Acting Class and working-class diversity in the arts
Mina Boromand & Chris Bird
Mina Boromand and Chris Bird create art and cartoons for 'The Morning Star' newspaper and trade union pubIications, hoping to connect political action to creativity and imagination. They have organised exhibitions and displays at the Marx Memorial Library and other events such as the annual Red Star conference.
Free all political prisoners
Kathryn Keane
A student of English and history, Kathryn Keane's poetry has appeared in in 'Silver Apples Magazine', the 'NY Literary Magazine', 'Bitterzoet Magazine', and the 'Stanzas: An Evening of Words' chapbook.
An Irish Politician Speaks
Owain Holland
Owain Holland is an environmental worker in Cornwall, a shop steward and trade union activist and a member of the Cornish language community.
The Profit Motive
Phil Mellows
Phil Mellows is a freelance journalist who has been writing about pubs and brewing for more than 30 years.
Healthy drinking behaviour vs. neoliberal capitalism
Susan Millar DuMars
Susan Millar DuMars is the author of four poetry collections, all published by Salmon Poetry. The most recent, Bone Fire, appeared in 2016.
Dirty word
Alexis Lykiard
Alexis Lykiard was born in Athens. His books include 9 novels, translations from French, 2 memoirs of Jean Rhys, and numerous poetry collections – most recently Schooled For Life (Shoestring 2016). His website is www. alexislykiard.com
Ballad of Credulity: a Brechtian poem
Ed Edwards
Ed Edwards is a playwright based in Manchester, has written extensively for TV and Radio and currently lectures in Theatre and Creative Writing at a small northern university.
The theatre, the working class and the need for revolution
Harry Giles is a writer and performer from Orkney who lives in Leith; their latest book is Tonguit (Freight 2016). www.harrygiles.org
Provocations for a Culture Strategy
Jane Rosen is a librarian and has worked in a number of specialist historical and cultural libraries including the Society for Co-operation in Russian and Soviet Studies and the Marx Memorial Library.
Thou Shalt Teach Revolution
Mike Wayne
Mike Wayne is a Professor in Screen Media at Brunel University.
Sorry We Missed You: how capitalism is destroying working-class families
S O Fasrus
S. O. Fasrus is a published poet and has written articles for national newspapers and magazines. She's a social research interviewer and a social justice activist.
A Double Act
Eoin Ó Murchú
Eoin Ó Murchú is a communist journalist, now retired. He was a senior member of the Official Republican Movement in Ireland and then the Irish Communist Party.
Cré na Cille: a comedy and a bald statement of unacceptable class rule
Look at me, lingering outside this murdered church
Helen Pheby
Helen Pheby is Senior Curator of Yorkshire Sculpture Park, Cultural Fellow at York St. John University, and was an advisor to the Arts Council Collection 2016-17.
Yes we can! The role of artists and art galleries in changing the world
Adam Shehada
Adam Shehada is a hyperrealistic pencil artist based in Gaza.
Al Nakba: Disaster
Phill Jupitus
Phill Jupitus is an English stand-up and improv comedian, actor, performance poet, cartoonist and podcaster.
Poetry on the Picket Line
Anthony Squiers
Anthony Squiers is a political philosopher and poet. He is the author of An Introduction to the Social and Political Philosophy of Bertolt Brecht: Revolution and Aesthetics and co-editor of Philosophizing Brecht: Critical Readings on Art, Consciousness, Social Theory and Performance.
Who is Bertolt Brecht? and Why We Should Care in our Dark Times
James Martyn Joyce
James Martyn Joyce is a poet from Galway, where he is a member of The Talking Stick Workshop.
Dilemma of Politeness
Chip Grim
Chip Grim is a poet on the picket line.
Poetry on the Picket Line: real people and real poetry in the real world
Deirdre ONeill and Mike Wayne
Deirdre O'Neill and Mike Wayne are film educators and writers.
Tackling class-based discrimination in British culture
Reuben Bard-Rosenberg
Reuben spent four years putting on radical folk gigs up and down the country, and likes socialism.
Badass Jewish women: Chanukah Lewinsky, 120 Years from Grodno
Len McCluskey
Len McCluskey is General Secretary of Unite.
We Will Be Free! Bread and Roses Poetry Anthology 2018
Elizabeth Gibson is a poet from Wigan. She was announced as a New North Poet at the 2017 Northern Writers' Awards.
Things that can fly
Martin Gollan
Martin Gollan paints but also works with print and video. He recently has been working with local charities and their beneficiaries to dynamically illustrate the impacts of austerity and welfare reform.
The election: Childcare
Alejandro Hernandez
Alejandro is an instructor at Carleton University, Canada, a PhD candidate in sociology, and a Vanier Scholar.
Robert J. Gallagher
Robert Gallagher is a radio playwright and former soul music journalist for Melody Maker and Black Music magazine.
Aretha Franklin: the sound of vulnerable, hopeful, defiant, precious humanity
Ira Lightman
Ira Lightman occasionally appears on BBC Radio 3's The Verb and is a professional proofreader and copyeditor who makes public art now and then.
Helen Burke
Helen Burke is a poet and artist from Yorkshire.
Craig Campbell is a freelance writer from Hartlepool.
Saints Not Servants
Friedrich Farshaad Razmjouie
Friedrich Farshaad Razmjouie is a refugee from Iran, currently a student and living in Liverpool.
International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women, 25 November
Jan Woolf
Jan Woolf is a playwright, writer and reviewer. Pic: Roelof Bakker.
Shrinking Brexit
Alan Dent
Alan Dent is the founder and editor of The Penniless Press and its successor MQB.
The Things Our Hands Once Stood For: Introduction and Review
Nicholas Tucker
Nicholas Tucker was formerly Senior Lecturer in Cultural Studies at the University of Sussex. Before that he was first a teacher and then an educational psychologist. He is the author of nine books about children, childhood and reading, and has also written six books for children.
Secrets, crimes and the schooling of the ruling class: how British boarding school stories betrayed their audience
Deirdre ONeill
Deirdre O'Neill is a film educator and writer.
Culture by and for the working class – Inside Film and cultural democracy
Edward Mackinnon
Edward Mackinnon's fourth collection is "The Storm Called Progress", published by Shoestring Press.
National Poetry Day: Symptomatic
Jim Mainland
Jim Mainland is a graduate of Aberdeen University and until his recent retirement was Principal Teacher of English at Brae High School, Shetland.
The election: A Slip of the Tongue
Dave Russell
David Russell is a writer of poetry, literary criticism, speculative fiction and romance.
Shabbigentile: a radical challenge to poetry, politics and economics
Martin Hayes and Jamie Thrasivoulu
Martin Hayes is a poet and works in the courier industry. Jamie Thrasivoulu is a lyricist, educator and official poet for Derby F.C.
Pigeon problem
Peter Knaggs
Peter Knaggs is the author of two poetry collections. 'Sunburnt Bollock,' is forthcoming.
Jowonder
Jowonder is a visual artist and performer.
The Giant's Mirror
Doc Ritchie
Doc Ritchie is the founding editor of Comedy Studies Journal and the author of The Idler & Dandy In Stage Comedy and Performing Live Comedy.
Don't just spectate, agitate! Bury, Bolton, and the capitalist takeover of football
Carl Joyce
Carl Joyce is a photographer from Co. Durham.
Durham Miners' Gala 2019
Ian C Smith
Ian C Smith is a poet who writes in the Gippsland Lakes area of Victoria, and on Flinders Island, Tasmania.
National Poetry Day: Suffer the Wretched
Rita Di Santo
Rita di Santo is a film critic and reviewer.
Blow It to Bits
Kate Potts is website and marketing manager for radical independent publisher Lawrence and Wishart.
'I am a human and I will be seen': the anti-imperialist power of the photographic image
David Susswein
David Susswein writes from the bottom of England, in a town called Eastbourne.
Capitalism Aggressive, At Its Best
Sam Swann
Sam Swann is an actor and sits on Equity's Young Members Committee.
Theatre for the many, not the few
Paul Summers
Paul Summers is a Northumbrian poet, performer and literary activist.
National Poetry Day: Re-union
Peter lives on the southside of Glasgow with his wife and three children. He is a scientist working in renewable energy, and in addition to writing poetry, he enjoys writing and performing piano music.
Cuneiform
Marilyn Francis
Marilyn Francis lives and writes poems in Radstock, which was once a mining town in the Somerset coalfield.
Joan Jobe Smith Voss
Joan Jobe Smith's poetry was recently published in SCHIZZO; she last read in UK in 2017 at the Hull Literature Festival.
IWD 2019: My Mother Margie & Rosie the Riveter
Kevin N Jelf
Kevin N Jelf is 54 and works preparing parts for painting in the aerospace industry. He has
previously been published in The Cannon's Mouth Quarterly, Here Comes Everyone and The Angry Manifesto.
Trump's Creed
Bianca Idelson
Bianca Idelson's main fields of interest are medical theories and contemporary art.
Absurd colours for absurd people: an exhibition ridiculing the right wing, by Heidrun Thate
Narbi Price
Narbi Price is a painter. He was the Journal Culture Awards Visual Artist of the Year 2018, and the winner of the Contemporary British Painting Prize 2017.
Against the day
wendy young
Northerner/Londoner: Cut teeth at Survivors Poetry. Performs London and beyond. Part-time NHS Worker.
Entrailpreneur
Chad Norman
Chad Norman's poems have appeared for the past 35 years in literary publications around the world.
Messiah for the Misled: to Trump
Sally Flint
Sally Flint lectures in creative writing and co-edits Riptide Journal at the University of Exeter, and is a tutor with The Poetry School.
The election: Free for All
Becky Bone
Becky Bone is a mature student, studying a Creative Writing and English BA at Birkbeck University. She works part-time with children as a creative arts facilitator.
Moya Roddy
Moya Roddy is a working-class writer from Dublin, who has written novels, short stories and poetry.
Philip Bounds
Philip Bounds is a historian, journalist and critic. He is the author of a number of books, including Orwell and Marxism (2009), British Communism and the Politics of Literature (2012) and Notes from the End of History (2014).
The Beatles and British culture: chippy class warriors to eternal spiritual explorers
William Hershaw
William Hershaw is a poet, playwright and folk musician. He is the founder and leader of the Bowhill Players, a group who perform the poems and songs of Cardenden miner writer Joe Corrie (1894 - 1968).
Green Shadows
Ray Miller is a socialist, Aston Villa supporter and faithful husband. Life's been a disappointment.
Sutputra Radheye
Sutputra Radheye is a young Indian poet for whom poetry is a medium of protest against authority.
My Blood
Michael Jarvie
Michael Jarvie is a working-class writer from Darlington in County Durham. He is the author of The Prison, a collection of short stories, and Black Art, a novel.
The election: Stockholm Syndrome
Tom Hubbard
Tom Hubbard is a novelist, poet, and literary historian.
By the folk, of the folk and for the folk: Joe Corrie and the Bowhill Players
Josiah Mortimer
Josiah Mortimer is a political writer from Cornwall and now based in London. He has written for the Poetry Society, Creative Countryside and Culture Matters.
In a Failing State
Linda Burnett
Linda Burnett, born in West Yorkshire and a former teacher in Nottinghamshire, is a recent poet, who has had several of her poems published in anthologies.
A Very Northern Inheritance
Michal Boncza
A History of the Many, not the Few
Mair De-Gare Pitt
Mair De-Gare Pitt worked in Community Education for many years and is now semi-retired, running Creative Writing classes. She attends a poetry group at The Capel in Bargoed and is one of the Red Poets.
The election: Irises along the canal
Mike Bryson and Colin Gardner
The election: A map of Tory Britain, 2019
Chris Nash
Chris Nash writes international 'poetry without borders' and is now working on a collection of 'songs' for species threatened by extinction called 'Is this Goodbye?'. See www.chrisnashpoetry.com.
Jack Brindelli
Jack Brindelli is a journalist and critic living and working in Amsterdam.
The Buttering of the Bread
Robert Phoenix
Robert Phoenix is a spoken word artist/front person of performance group Anarchy Dada, based in Hull.
The Tory Cake
Roaa Ali
Roaa Ali is Research Associate (Cultural Production and Consumption), University of Manchester.
You're great, just don't get too big for your boots


The Chemical Biology and Bioorganic Group is one of the RSC's many Interest Groups. The Interest Groups are member driven groups which exist to benefit RSC members, and the wider chemical science community, in line with the RSC's strategy and charter.
the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and the elucidation of biological reaction mechanisms.
The development of gene manipulation technology and genomic information provides enormous opportunities for the developments in chemical biology and bioorganic chemistry.
The main meetings run by the group are held at Firbush in alternate years in September and an annual one day postgraduate symposium in late December, or early January.
Other meetings are held on subjects of topical interest as the need arises. Suggestions for meetings are welcomed, particularly joint meetings with other RSC groups or external organisations.
The annual general meeting is held at the postgraduate symposium and is usually followed by a committee meeting.


text:
# Constrain

Constrains an image of unknown size to the specified aspect ratio.
The image is potentially cropped using the specified gravity.
Similar to `FlexEmbed` but meant to be used specifically with images.

This method will be used until the `object-fit` and `object-position`
properties are well supported. <http://caniuse.com/#feat=object-fit>

Basic visual tests are in [`test/modules/constrain.html`](http://tbck.github.io/style-kit/test/modules/constrain.html).

## Available classes

* `Constrain`: The base component.
* `Constrain--contain`: Contains the image within the ratio rather than filling
  the ratio and potentially cropping.
* `Constrain--5by4`: The modifier class for 5:4 aspect ratio image.
* `Constrain--4by3`: The modifier class for 4:3 aspect ratio image.
* `Constrain--3by2`: The modifier class for 3:2 aspect ratio image,
* `Constrain--8by5` / `Constrain--16by10`: The modifier class for 8:5/16:10
  aspect ratio image.
* `Constrain--16by9`: The modifier class for 16:9 aspect ratio image.
* `Constrain--top`: Sets the image to gravitate towards the top edge.
* `Constrain--bottom`: Sets the image to gravitate towards the bottom edge.
* `Constrain--left`: Sets the image to gravitate towards the left edge.
* `Constrain--right`: Sets the image to gravitate towards the right edge.
* `Constrain--topLeft`: Sets the image to gravitate towards the top left
  corner.
* `Constrain--topRight`: Sets the image to gravitate towards the top right
  corner.
* `Constrain--bottomLeft`: Sets the image to gravitate towards the bottom
  left corner.
* `Constrain--bottomRight`: Sets the image to gravitate towards the bottom
  right corner.

## Usage

The image must be applied to the element via the `background-image` property,
either by applying a custom class or using inline styles.

```html
<div class="Constrain Constrain--16by9" style="background-image: url('...');"></div>
```

You can add custom aspect ratios. For example, to create a 2.35:1 aspect
ratio:

```css
/**
 * Modifier: 47:20 aspect ratio
 */

.Constrain--47by20 {
  padding-bottom: 42.55%;
}
```

Alternatively, aspect ratios can be calculated programmatically and the
corresponding `padding-bottom` value applied using an inline style.

```html
<div class="Constrain Constrain--16by9" style="background-image: url('...'); padding-bottom: 42.55%;"></div>
```

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Tom Votel, President of Tenacious Holdings, Inc. (d/b/a Ergodyne) threw down the gauntlet yesterday against the Wells Lamont Glove company in a lawsuit claiming infringement on his glove design patent.
The lawsuit (Case 0:2012cv00893) filed in Minnesota on April 10th, seeks damages against Wells Lamont for claims that they infringe on a US Patent design patent #D/388,514. This patent, filed in 2009, was issued to Votel (listed as the inventor) on February 2, 2010 and assigned to Tenacious Holdings.
As a glove patent owner myself on several glove utility (field of use) patents, a glove design (appearance) patent for a work glove is rather unique and interesting. As a matter of fact, in the last two decades I've only been associated with one (1) design glove patent and that was for a consumer novelty glove.
It's not uncommon for glove companies to copy another's work glove and I can only assume Mr. Votel and his company became very tired of these glove industry shenanigans. I like the Wells Lamont Glove Company and I like the Ergodyne Company but I'm a glove designer and maker. So, I'll watch this case closely. Let's see who will be the most tenacious.


Professor Peng-Jun Wan received $300,000 for his project "Multicommodity Flows in Multihop Wireless Networks."
Professor Zhiling Lan received $345,835 for her project "Toward Petascale Cosmological Simulation."
Professor Xian-He Sun received $738,000 for his project "A Dynamic Application-Specific I/O Architecture for High-End Computing."


text:
https://www.barrons.com/articles/twitter-revenue-jumps-but-the-number-of-new-users-disappoints-51604008755
Twitter Beat Earnings Expectations. Why Its Stock Is Tumbling.
Liz Moyer
Updated Oct. 30, 2020 7:13 am ET / Original Oct. 29, 2020 5:59 pm ET
Twitter reported a jump in revenue for the third quarter.
Alastair Pike/AFP via Getty Images
Twitter's ad sales rose with the return of events and sports in the third quarter, but the social media giant fell short of expectations for adding new users.
Shares fell 15% in premarket action Friday, sharply reversing an 8% gain during Thursday's trading session.
The news followed unexpectedly strong results from other social media companies such as Snap (SNAP) and Pinterest (PINS). Twitter (ticker: TWTR) shares are up 63% so far this year. The S&P 500 is up 2.5% this year.
San Francisco-based Twitter said it had 187 million daily active users in the third quarter, which was up 29% from last year, but only up 1 million from the previous quarter. Analysts expected it to report 195 million users.
Snap and Pinterest reported that their user numbers increased in the quarter, as stay-at-home orders made it easier for consumers to get hooked to social media.
Total revenue at Twitter rose 14%, to $936 million, aided by the return of events that had been put on hold because of the pandemic. Analysts had expected Twitter to report revenue of $778.2 million. Advertising revenue of $808 million was up 15%. The company reported net income of 4 cents a share, compared with 5 cents a share in the year-ago quarter. Non-GAAP earnings were 19 cents a share in the quarter, outpacing Wall Street estimates.
Twitter expects revenue trends could continue or improve in the current quarter, depending on whether advertisers pause spending around the election. "The period surrounding the U.S. election is somewhat uncertain, but we have no reason to believe that September's revenue trends can't continue, or even improve, outside of the election-related window."
Write to Liz Moyer at liz.moyer@wsj.com


This indicator measures the degree to which labor markets are open to women in the industry and service sectors. This is important as it measures the equality of employment opportunity of women.
There are large differences between women and men in non-agricultural employment, in particular in developing countries. This is the result of differences between rates of participation in employment for women and men as well as the kind of employment in which they participate. In many regions, women are more likely than men to be engaged in informal sector activities and subsistence or unpaid work in the household. Wage employment in most of Women and African Economic Development and much of Asia and the Pacific is a middle-class, urban phenomenon. Outside of urban areas, most employment is Women and Agriculture , often for family subsistence. However, where non-agricultural employment is available, it is more likely to go to male members of the household. As economies develop, the share of women in non-agricultural wage employment becomes increasingly important. A higher share in paid employment could secure for them better income, economic security and well-being. However, this shift is not automatic, nor does it account for differentials in working conditions between men and women. Other variables need to be considered, such as level of Education, level of remuneration and wage differentials and the extent to which women and men benefit from labor legislation and social programs. Men more often hold regular and better remunerated jobs, whereas women are frequently in peripheral, insecure, less valued jobs, as home workers, casual workers or part-time or temporary workers.