This webinar will teach you 5 rules to reduce network downtime using network automation. You'll learn how to use network mapping to proactively protect your network and how to use automation to speed up incident response times.
Jason Baudreau: My name is Jason Baudreau. I lead the marketing team at NetBrain and I'm excited about today's webinar. The topic as you probably recognize, "5 Rules to Minimize a Network Outage." We're going to be talking a little bit today about network troubleshooting and how we can be more effective with our time when the network's going down. So let's get right into it.
I have a panel of people helping me out and we'll do some introductions real quick around the table. Ross Merkle, one of our senior engineers here is going to be running a demo portion of our webcast today. Ross, could you introduce yourself?
Ross: Sure. Thank you, Jason. My name is Ross Merkle. I've got about, just about 30 years of experience in the IT field. Currently I am a senior engineer over at NetBrain and I have been here for about 16 months.
Jason Baudreau: Thank you, Ross. So Ray Belleville is in the room with us too. He's going to be answering questions through the chat question panel on the GoToWebinar so if anybody has questions Ray will be on the other end. Ray, could you introduce yourself?
Ray: Hi, everyone. Ray Belleville as Jason mentioned. I've been in networking for 20 some years. I've worked with vendors, telcos, startups, service providers and research and education organizations mainly to design, deploy and operationalize leading-edge technologies which is what NetBrain is. So, glad to be here and will help you answer any questions you have.
Jason Baudreau: Cool. Thanks, Ray. And last we have a guest host joining us today, Jason Neumann, owner of LAN Technologies. He's going to be talking about some of his technology and the use of tools in his workplace. Jason, could you introduce yourself?
Jason Neumann: Yeah, sure, thank you. My name is Jason Neumann. I'm the author of "The Book of GNS3" which is a product, a free product that I'm going to talk about a little bit about today that's pretty handy for networking. And I'm also the owner of a company called LAN Technologies and I've got about 20 plus years of networking experience.
Jason Beaudreau: Cool. Thank you, Jason and thanks to everybody on the panel. So let's get into just one slide of housekeeping before we get into the meat of things. I want to let everybody know that the webinar is being recorded. We'll make sure we share that with you next week. So we'll shoot out an email so everybody has access to the recording. Same thing with the slides I'm going over. We'll share those too.
Number two is you met Ray. He's going to be on the other end of the chat so I want to just remind everybody if you have a question please don't hesitate to type it into the GoToWebinar chat panel. We'll be happy to take as many questions as you have. We'll also try to leave about 10 minutes at the end of the presentation and take some of those questions and address them over the phone as well.
• The business cost. We'll look at just a few examples to put some concrete element to the impact of an outage.
• Address why troubleshooting is so hard. This is kind of from my perspective. I'll use a common troubleshooting methodology to identify a couple of factors I think are slowing us down when we're troubleshooting.
So really then to the bulk of the issues here, the five rules to shorten a network outage. I say rules. I just thought it sounded more compelling. They're suggestions and what I'm really proposing is a methodology for troubleshooting. So some best practices. And Ross is going to run through some demo on how automation can help through NetBrain.
And as I mentioned we'll save some time for open dialogue question and answer at the end of the call.
So getting right into it. The impact of a network outage. I have some numbers to make this a little bit more concrete or a little bit more real right off the bat. So a recent survey – Seven thousand businesses say that 25%, a quarter of enterprises suffered a major outage last year. That was defined as four hours or more. So that cost those businesses over $1.5 billion dollars in lost profit. So this is just raising urgency to the fact that when there's an outage every minute truly does count. And about a quarter of those were actually found to be network related even though today we are talking about troubleshooting networks and network outages, I think it's important to note that usually if there's a problem the network is guilty until proven innocent. It's usually not the other way around. So we're faced and tasked with troubleshooting the network regardless of what the actual fault is. We need to vindicate that network if it truly isn't at fault.
So a couple of examples I'll just run through. We kind of see these headlines in the news. A couple of years ago the NASDAQ went down and forced trading to halt for a few hours. That was traced to a bug on the backup network. Facebook was down last year for 30 minutes and that cost them about half a million dollars in revenue right off the bat. And Google too had an outage earlier this year so that brought down some of the Google services. So just a point on this slide is that no company is immune and the bigger the company kind of the harder they can fall.
So looking at some of the causes of network outages. I have a Dilbert here which kind of makes me chuckle. It's discovered the cause of a network outage. I'll let you read that yourself but I have more data from another study that CISCO ran recently. They said that 23% of outages were caused by basically a hardware failure, a router or a switch. They identified just less than a third were from a link failure, things like network congestion or a fiber cut. And the bulk of outages were actually the result of a network change. So if we could identify what that change was, we're in a pretty good space. So 36% were due to an upgrade or a configuration change. And then there's a miscellaneous category kind of bringing in the bottom. So the takeaway I have is that finding the source of the problem is really the hardest part. It's where we spend a lot of our time. Once we find out the source of a problem, addressing resolution is usually second to that.
So I want to talk a little bit more about that, what makes that so hard. Why is troubleshooting so difficult?
I have kind of the needle in a haystack analogy here. So it really is truly hard sometimes like trying to find a needle in a haystack. So I'm going to kind of illustrate a point by just outlining kind of a high level troubleshooting methodology. When we're faced with not just defining but troubleshooting a problem, we need to gather a lot of information about that problem and we spend a lot of time sort of understanding what information we collected by analyzing that data.
If we're lucky we can eliminate possible variables and really we need to propose, you know, what could be going wrong is the hypothesis. Maybe there's a congested link or a routing issue. If there's an ACL. So these are all things that, you know, from experience might tell us could be contributing to a possible problem. So in order to kind of narrow that down we need to test that. We need to collect information and analyze it. And so we go through this loop. And I really identified this is what we're spending all of our time when we're troubleshooting until we can find a solution.
But specifically I want to kind of highlight a particular area. I call it diagnosis phase of troubleshooting. It's where we're doing the gathering of the information, we're analyzing the data. That's where really manual and time-consuming processes are in place. Collecting information can take a long time across multiple devices, across multiple interfaces and things like that. So we have to face ourselves with questions like, "What's connected? How is it configured?" So usually these are the answers that we seek. The questions rather that we seek answers to.
So that kind of drives in and sort of sets the stage for what I propose as a new methodology or five rules that we can follow, five steps we can follow to minimize a network outage.
Part one is really focused on what I identified a minute ago which is automating manual tasks. So really when we're troubleshooting it's not changing the way that we troubleshoot, it's not changing the processes that we go through but it is doing it with more efficiency and that's going to be enabled through automation. Rule number one I think the first and foremost we need to maintain accurate network diagrams. So they're our best resource when we need to understand things like logical connectivity and design of the network. That includes redundancy design, firewall rules, whatever it may be. That's all wrapped up in our documentation. We also visualize how application traffic flows across the network. So if we're troubleshooting an application slowness, we want to understand how that application leverages the network to pass its data. And really just for isolating the potential source of the problem. We're visual beings. Understanding problems at kind of a visual level through a network diagram or a network map is really critical.
And so I just want to identify the challenges that are really inhibiting this. These diagrams are manual. We spend a lot of time creating network documentation. When they are finally, you know, just right the network's going to change. The networks are always changing and when they change those diagrams become outdated and are no longer reliable.
And more than that, even with a very disciplined approach of network documentation you're left with what often I call one-size-fits-all documentation solution. So every site might be documented, but what if you're troubleshooting an issue that traverses multiple sites? Well, then you've got to find the right documentation. Just getting it can be a challenge even if you have it.
So there's an opportunity here and we think there's an opportunity to automate this. We can create maps instantly. We want maps that can be updated automatically so we can trust that they're always reflecting the latest state of the network. And more than that having the right map at the right time – I call it a contextualized map so it'll help you troubleshoot the task at hand. So to talk more about this I want to showcase this technology a little bit and we're going to do this through a live demo. I'm going to ask Ross to take over controls and he's going to share his screen and show you how NetBrain can help automate network documentation.
Ross: Thank you, Jason. So what you're looking at here is our NetBrain tool and what I want to do is leverage one of our search features which is our A to B live path discovery. What I've done is I've gone ahead and put in two IP addresses for a couple of systems and what the system is going to do is it's going to start by logging in to this first device running a series of show commands and you'll see down here, as it's checking for things like IPSEC tunnels, ACLs, VRFs, policy-based routes, NATs and it's going to look for anything that would prevent the traffic from going from point A to point B as well as mapping out all of the devices along that path. Once it's completed working its way from point A to point B it's going to start working its path back.
You'll see here it's adding some additional devices so we have found an asymmetric route. But we were able to get from point A to point B. Now in focusing on the idea of having the right information, the next thing I want to do is actually start zooming into some of these devices. As I zoom in you're going to see these additional labels appear. As I hover over these labels the configuration that drives them appears. So here you have the accurate up-to-date information and all of these labels are again based on the configuration that is within these devices. So as your configuration changes these dynamic labels can automatically be updated. Now as I zoom in like I said I get additional information. If I hover over a single device and zoom in far enough I'm going to reach what's called the observer mode. And the observer mode is like a deck of cards focused in on one single device. I've got a picture card, properties card, topology card, a design card where you can get to the full configuration. We can do performance monitoring here. We can also do a comparison based on just that one device.
So as well as having that focused information another element I can do is I can pick this path and go ahead and create it from a layer two perspective. And now what this is going to do is take that layer three path which is the routing path and convert it over to the actual physical path. And this is my physical path. So it's going to show me all of my switches and routers. I don't know if you remember from the previous diagram, right, we only had that one switch in there but we are now going to see every switch, every port that that traffic is going into and out of. So I've effectively taken my entire network, boiled it down to a half a dozen devices that allow me to do a focused investigation of only the devices that would be involved in this traffic path to look for any issues.
Jason Baudreau: Thank you, Ross. I will grab myself as a presenter back over here. So we can see it basically not just having up-to-date documentation but having the right documentation at the right time. So in the case of what Ray was showcasing, he was troubleshooting potentially a full application, map that application flow in its contextualized map, it's updated and it has the right information you need.
Number two is kind of 'perform an overall health assessment.' So once you have the right documentation looking at network health is kind of the next step. Up to 50% of problems can be traced back to a common set of symptoms. Looking at things like bandwidth congestion, a high utilization or memory utilization or CPU utilization whether it's at the device level, increasing link errors and high latency – these are all examples of performance characteristics.
The challenge that we have when we're looking at the health of a network is really we often lack what I call a holistic view of that. So we can either look at things drilled down by the device level. I can log into a device and I can look at the interfaces. I can see what kind of interface errors they're having. Looking at things wider than that, we're often looking at either the network device view or what I call sort of the holistic network view, network wide dashboards. So rather than looking at entire networking monitoring tools, we look at dashboards and they're not really contextualized or maybe we're looking at an individual device. But if we had a way to identify, you know, the health and the performance of the devices that we're specifically interested in kind of at the map level that would be a little bit more valuable. Monitoring every device and interface visually and also being able to record and rewind that performance.
So if there's a problem that's happening but it's happening with some degree of intermittence, can we record that over time? Can we look for peaks and values in the network performance? Can we trace those back to a particular network event potentially or a particular user event? So being able to monitor performance at the map level, visualize that and then rewind and kind of record that gives us a really powerful view of not just what the network looks like from a topology perspective but also just kind of getting a pulse of the network. And so I'm going to do this kind of handoff a couple more times as I watch Ross to sort of showcase what this looks like at the map level. So Ross will take that back and take a look at NetBrain from a demo perspective again.
15:04 Ross: Thank you, Jason. Yeah, so here's our map that we went ahead and created. Now I did already have this map running with a monitor going on it, because I want you guys to see what the data looks like after we've had a moment to gather it. So the first thing I want you to see is that we took that map and we turned everything red and green. So green of course means good. Red means that you're over threshold. I'm going to hover over this and you'll see that the threshold is set right around 30%. Now I did specifically set that because these thresholds are all user definable, because I wanted you guys to see what happens when something goes over threshold.
Now, as well as giving you, you know, the graphical overview perspective, we're also going to show you the latest point in time. This is a polling process. Every 30 seconds it's going out and gathering that data so you can come down to this data point here and see for any device, these are, you know, sortable. I can also select any one of these. So as I select something you'll notice that it goes ahead and flashes it on the screen so you'll always know what you're looking at. So as well as having the latest point in time, I also have this history graph. As Jason had mentioned, this will gather history over time so I could look for my peaks, my valleys, that type of information.
Now overall, I'm looking at it. It looks…except for this little bit of memory utilization going on – it looks pretty healthy but let's say that I had an interface that was being oversubscribed. I could just right click on it and bring up the net flow information as well. So what the system is going to do is bring the latest IP net flow collect cache out of the device and it's going to show me who my top talkers are, who's using my bandwidth. Also, because I know who the source IP address, the source port, the destination IP, the destination port, I could create a path from here as well and so I could have the two paths on the same map overlaying to see if it's not only impacting one device. It should be impacting many.
Now the monitors not only run on the layer three map but I can also run those on our layer two map as well. So I'm going to go ahead and bring that monitor up but what I also wanted to point out was that we have a variety of different monitors based on different technologies. So if you're not looking for only overall health we can help you with a lot of different monitors. But as you can see we're going to see that same information here. We can now see things like the interfaces that are active, versus the interfaces that are down. You know, the bandwidth and CPU memory utilization, you know, all that information is available on the L2 map just like our L3 map.
Jason Baudreau: Absolutely. Thank you, Ross. So kind of stepping through the methodology if you will that we're sort of outlining, it's mapping out a particular problem area, kind of getting initial diagnosis as if you're going to, you know, a doctor's office and just checking out, "What could be wrong with me?" It's kind of getting your blood pressure and looking at how your heartrate is doing, everything like that. That's sort of the analogy at the network level that we're doing from a performance perspective.
So I'll take over as presenter. So kind of moving on, on the step by step if you identified a problem you might want to drill in but if you haven't yet there's other things that you might want to dive into. Rule number three that I kind of outlined is a way for us to capture and document network changes. So beyond just network performance, understanding what's changed.
So if you remember earlier on I identified top causes of network outages. The study from CISCO identified that 36% of outages were caused by some sort of a network change. So the challenge is identifying what's changed. Sometimes that can be the hardest part. We're not always the ones that are doing the changes ourselves. Sometimes something happened over night and we come into the office next morning and things aren't working as they were. So identifying what's changed.
In fact, there's a study I came across that said the average number of changes on a network is about two changes, per device, per year. So depending on how large your network is — if you have a couple of thousands of network devices — you could experience thousands of network changes per year. Usually they're small. Maybe just changing your configuration name or some sort of a bandwidth constraint but those can have a really nasty ripple effect across the network, something so small. But any change can have an unexpected impact downstream.
So the opportunity for automation here is to capture every change that you make to your network and enable that to happen automatically. So configuration changes are one thing. Making sure that we understand how our configurations look today, how they looked yesterday or last week or last month and what's changed, but beyond that what about the routing tables? Have there been any modifications to the route tables, the MAC tables, changes in topology? Wven changes in the way an application traffic path sort of flows across the network? So I think it's important to highlight that while somebody might make a configuration change, the impact of those changes can be seen across the network. So an opportunity for automation is to identify a way to capture all changes across the network. It doesn't just end with capturing configuration changes.
So there is a kind of a solution there as well. Ross will help us walk through that with NetBrain.
Ross: What I really wanted to get to was the idea of looking at a map at a time instead of just simply a device at a time. So here we have this asymmetric route and we don't know if this is a new phenomenon or it's been existing for a while. So there's a couple of things I can do. The first thing I'm going to do is revamp this out but instead of looking at the live network, as Jason had referred to, we're going to gather all of your routing tables, ARP, CDP, MAC, all the state tables as well as your configuration files so I can map this out in a previous perspective as well. So now instead of reading the live data it's actually reading all of the cached data and you'll have to excuse me. I did make one small mistake that I do need to address and that is our default gateway.
So I have to set the code. Because it is looking at cached data I do have to select the appropriate default gateways, but once I've done that the system will go ahead and draw that out. Now one of the things I do want to highlight here is you'll notice that the traffic path is symmetrical. It almost writes over top itself. I can take these paths and drag them out, make them a little easier to see. And we went out to this DMVPN cloud and we came back through the same DMVPN cloud whereas currently we're going out through the DMVPN cloud and coming back through this MPLS cloud. So now that we've identified that this happened within the last week, what I want to do is use our change analysis to determine where this came from. I'm going to compare our historical data.
So what I'm going to do is I'm going to select two different benchmarks in time, basically what we're looking at today versus what we're looking at last week, and when I do the comparison I can compare a lot of different tables of data but I'm just going to focus in on the configuration and the routing table. When I do the comparison, you'll see very quickly it comes back with the results. Now I have these badges that I can hover over that'll tell me what's changed on each device. So if I want to stay focused on the map or I have this results window over here. By clicking on each of these devices I can see very quickly which of the tables have changed.
So to leverage this information what I'm going to do is let's look at LA core one demo because that's where our traffic path started to diverge. I can see that I have a routing table change, as well as configuration file. To analyze it all I have to do is double click on it. So very quickly we know that we're looking for 103-20 and here it is. We have a new route. It's an external route, EIGRP going to WAN1 demo. So if I click on WAN1 demo you'll see it automatically brings up that routing table already compared for me. Scan down through it really quick, I can see that I don't have a new route. Let me just validate that that route was already there. So sure enough we already had that static route. So if the routes didn't change I can look at the config file and, again, with a click of a button.
Now we know it's EIGRP because of the letter in front of it. So I'm just going to walk down through our changes to the EIGRP and see a redistribute static. So one of the benefits and the values of using our automation is a lot of time is spent with engineers gathering data, setting it up for comparison, running the comparisons, figuring out what has changed. We're going to do all that for you. You're going to spend your time analyzing change, not going out grabbing the information and documenting it. Now as easy as this was, it was only the second hub. But let's say it wasn't. I can just as easily have clicked around any device on the map that had a change in it and see that change automatically and that's also true for the configuration file as well.
So we're really going to make an effort to maximize your time and minimize basically the wasted grunt work of gathering that data.
Jason Baudreau: Thank you, Ross. That's excellent. So if we're walking through sort of a set of diagnoses we've sort of looked at things from the performance perspective, we've looked at things from the what's changed perspective, we did highlight that there was some sort of a change, a routing change since last week and a change in the application traffic path, hadn't necessarily zeroed into what could be causing some slowness but let's kind of continue and look at rule number four.
We've looked at various ways to diagnose the network but rule number four is kind of a broader suggestion. It's automate troubleshooting diagnoses. So for any problem there can be hundreds of possible causes. Networks are complex. So the challenge here is manually diagnosing these, you know, potential issues one at a time is extremely time consuming. So this is a section of that troubleshooting methodology I walked through earlier on the right side really the gathering information, the analyzing data. We're constantly doing that manually, we're spending a lot of time over there. Is there a way that we can automate this loop?
So, you know, there are monitoring tools that will collect data for us automatically. So there's a degree of automation there but I have the question, "What's next?" So if you're aware that there's a problem how do you begin to troubleshoot that problem? The most popular tool that we have would be, you know, the CLI. And we're limited basically to other tools that would help us analyze a live network.
So an opportunity for automation. You see that I kind of tried to make that haystack smaller and make the needle bigger. Diagnose the entire map. Diagnose the network at the map level rather than just one device at a time. This means automatically collecting live data across every device, every interface on the map. Generating alarms based on the output of those devices. If there's something that's not what you'd expect, is there a way that you can have an alarm generated automatically and alert to alerting tools? And then again contextualize and visualizing that data on the map. So there's an opportunity to leverage the map as that single painted glass to automate your troubleshooting diagnoses. And that's number four. Ross, could you take a look? Give us a look, I should say.
Ross: Absolutely. And this time I won't be on mute first. Okay. So some of the things that Jason referred to was let's go ahead and look at some CLI data. That's very common. I could just right click onto something, launch a telnet session from here and go ahead and look at that CLI data, but what I'm going to do instead is actually ask the system to log into each of these devices and show that information for me. Now what I did is I just selected a list of commands from a template. You can build a template of any particular area that you want to look at. We have some built-in for you but one of the things I also want to point out is that this is a read-only tool. You can do a show, a get or display. You specifically cannot run a config T or a debug, because an improperly done T bug could take a system down and we want our tool to be safe for anybody to run.
So I've got this list of commands. I'm going to go ahead and just hit the start button. You'll see here it's going to log into each one of those devices, run that command for me and then save that data for us. And that is also one of the key elements is that when you're doing your investigation you need not only the access to the data but you need a way to save it. So any time I run these commands it'll be saved over here on our map data pane. And I'm just going to create a hyperlink to make it easy for me to get to that data.
So as you can see here I have my show IP internet brief. I can click down any one of these devices and it'll show me that one command on any of them. I could also select any of the different commands. So whether it's the same command over multiple devices or multiple commands on a single device, I can have all of that.
I can then take this map, send it off to another engineer, just tell him, "Hey, bring that up. Take a look at the interface I highlighted." So we also act as a, you know, a shared communication point so you can share that information with others.
Now the next thing I want to do is getting back again, as Jason had said, to looking for that performance issue. And that's going to be going to our layer two map. Now some additional things we can do from here, the first one I want to introduce you to is our Qapp platform. And this is where we have a number of tools prebuilt-in that will allow you to basically take any command and turn it into a monitor. So as an example, this particular one is checking for interface errors. Over here you can see where all the items are green with zeroes. That means that it was healthy. Over here you can see items that are showing that we have some collisions. We've got some input errors, we've got some CRC errors. Now what I what I want to show you is how easy and simple it is to make those. And I'm going to edit that one right here for you. Anything within our tool or any of these QApps within our tools are editable.
So if you find one that's close and you want to modify it it's just this simple. The first it's going to ask me is how often I want it to loop. And these are all just drag and drop objects. Then it's going to basically ask me what command do I want to run. I want to do a show interface. Down here I can see the different fields that are being gathered. Say I wanted to add overruns. I can just highlight it, click define variable. It's going to do the parsing for me. I just have to call it overrun.
From there it'll add it to the table so I now have my overruns. I'll add it to the command. Then I'll add it to the table and then finally I would come over here and determine where I wanted to put it on the screen. So it's just that simple to take any output from any show command and turn it into a custom monitor. So as my example here, which is showing me that I do have some errors between these interfaces.
Now another QApp that I want to show you is one for our speed duplex mismatch, because if I looked at that information I may look at that and say, "I think that is a speed duplex mismatch." Now I can do this a couple of ways. I could also just hover over it because there I get my half duplex or my full duplex but there's a value to allowing the system to do this for us and that's when it comes to documentation because it's not enough that we simply do a root cause analysis. We now have to have the ability to document that map and now I have a fully documented map. I do have a speed duplex mismatch. I could turn this into a Visio diagram with a click of a button. I could also just export it out to an image file.
Jason Baudreau: Thank you, Ross. That's excellent. So really what we're looking at is a way to spend less time in the command line interface and ask the system to perform those commands for us rather than one at a time but across multiple devices and even taking it a step further, perform a set of analyses on the output, determine if something is within a tolerance or if something is unusual. And that's really what the power of the QApp technology is. You can customize what you want to perform and ask the system to do that for you automatically.
Advanced problems mean that there might be advanced possibilities where it could be an issue so things like, "What can cause this? Have we seen this before? How did we fix it last time?" So those questions come up and I guess the takeaway I'm trying to articulate is, "How can we prepare everybody on the team to troubleshoot with that level of experience?" And really, it's not something that is simple to come by but it's important so… I have this kind of quote here, "All this has happened before. And all of it will happen again." Kind of a big mystical quote but what it means is very few things are unique and that goes for troubleshooting as well. Most problems have come up before. Maybe we haven't seen them before ourselves but somebody has. Somebody figured out how to solve that problem in the past. How can we take that knowledge and wrap it up?
And so what I'm building up a case to is to leverage the troubleshooting playbook. So I kind of touched on the challenge but what does a playbook offer? It's a crowdsource, maybe it's a document, maybe it's a process but it's crowdsource. Everybody who troubleshoots the network is ultimately lending their experience to this playbook. It should be a living document. And, you know, the opportunity here for automation is that, "Could we take it a step farther and automate various plays in that playbook?" So it's really talking about two disciplines. Granted, one of them is the discipline of capturing our knowledge from experience. And the second one is really the opportunity for automation is, "How can we automate those tasks?" So if we create a really excellent playbook, can we put some automation power behind that? Each diagnosis is part of the play. Every diagnosis can be automated, right? We saw that a second ago with what Ross helped showcase automating network diagnoses. So imagine the power of diagnosing a network through a series of best practices implemented across an entire team and doing that with NetBrain automation, really building a catalogue of QApps into the playbook is what we're talking about.
So this is kind of a way to wrap it up. So we talked about how we can map better a particular problem area, how we can isolate performance issues, isolate changes on the network, even begin to drill down by diagnosing automatically what can happen. And rule number five is really just a way to wrap it all up together and make this into a process that can be followed, something that the entire team can leverage and ultimately, even automate it. That would be the best of both worlds.
I just have an image that I kind of did a Google search for network troubleshooting playbook. I found an example. Maybe a failure to apply an ACL. That could be one of those hypotheses I talked about. And it's really just a set of checks in the decision tree to see, "Well, is the QS policy filter configured correctly?" And depending on how that tree flows you might run a set of plays according to the structure. And each one of these has a potential for automation. I just thought it was kind of interesting to point out an example.
So that wraps up my five rules. I wanted to give a little bit of spotlight to Jason Neumann who we asked to join the call. Jason is very much into network troubleshooting and network tools and ways that he can help enable his small business, and one of his favorites I know is GNS3. So, Jason, I'd like to invite you to just open the mic up a little bit and talk about your in this regard.
Jason Neumann: Sure, thank you. Yeah. So we're going to shift gears a little bit, talk about what GNS3 is and how you can use it. So, you know, what is GNS3? Well, GNS3 is a graphical network simulation software and "The Book of GNS3" is basically a user's manual for the program. It's free, it's open source software, runs on Linux, Windows and OSX. It's developed on Linux and then ported to those other operating systems so in my opinion it runs most gracefully I'll say on Linux. But it can run on Windows and OSX just fine and lots of people do it. So it's fine to do that. But what it does is it creates a virtual network environment so that you can design and test multi-vendor equipment. And that even includes NetBrain's free version of their software which is called DevOps which I got running instead of GNS3. I created the simple GNS3 network, installed DevOps on a little Windows virtual machine, pointed it at my network and did, you know, some pretty cool things with the little B2B network.
But really what GNS3 is good for is research and development type stuff, you know, kind of proof of concept. It's good for education. Really used a lot I think in certification so people that are doing exam preparation will use it to build these virtual networks, you know, to get CPNA or CPNB or CPIE or maybe a Juniper network certification, something like that. But the nice thing about GNS3 is it's really easy to use. It has a simple graphical interface. Off to one side of the screen you'd see your devices, routers, switches etc. and you can just drag them to a workspace and link them up together, link the interfaces up together virtually inside of GNS3 just click of the mouse. You can boot up those devices and log in and start configuring your network. I mean, it's…so, you know, in closing I'm just going to say that for me GNS3 is pretty much an invaluable tool. I use it all the time and if you haven't tried it…or DevOps for that matter. You really should give them both a try. They're free and they work pretty well.
And the other thing about GNS3 that I should probably mention is it scales pretty well because it does support balancing across multiple PCs. So you can fire up the GNS3 server application on a whole bunch of PCs and run the GUI on one computer and access, run all these different routes and devices across all of those PCs to build a much more scalable network and GNS3 has some pretty exciting stuff coming out. Right now, it uses dynamics that I mentioned, QEMU which is the Quick Emulator. It integrates with the Virtual Box and pretty soon, they're working on a new development which is it's going to integrate with VMware so ESXI and VMware workstation and that's going to add a whole other bunch of devices that you can integrate into GNS3.
So that's kind of my talk on GNS3 but if you haven't tried it, I really recommend that you just take a look at it.
Jason Baudreau: Thanks, Jason, yeah. I just want to point out, I think there were some interesting kind of parallels. One of the reasons I asked Jason to join – parallels between GNS3 and NetBrain – is they both kind of offer a live map into a network and in the case of GNS3, it's more oftentimes a virtualized network but you have to have a live view into a new perspective that you wouldn't otherwise see. And similarly, NetBrain has a free version in DevOps edition. So you could actually play with virtualized network routers and switches through GNS3 and you can plug that into NetBrain and it's a free tool as well. So thanks, Jason.
So I think now's a good time to wrap up and once again just say thank you to everybody that's still on the call. Appreciate you dialing in today. Hope to see you at the next time. Thanks again. Have a good rest of your day.
See how Dynamic Mapping and Runbook Automation help you reduce network downtime.


A government official is interviewing the now unemployed elephant for a place on the back-to-work scheme. He asks the elephant, "Are you any good at stacking shelves?" (Shelf-stacking—i.e., putting goods on shelves—at supermarkets such as Tesco is widely considered to be one of the most unskilled jobs going, and often comes up in any discussion of the usefulness of such schemes.) The joke is that of course the elephant is no good at stacking shelves, but that's the only work available.
A scheme (pronounced 'skeem') is a plan or arrangement involving many people which is made by a government or other organization.
1. Should circuses be banned from using animals?
2. Should unemployed people (jobseekers) be compelled to do unpaid work in return for benefits?


text:
Communist Party of Germany (in German: Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands, KPD) is a name that has been and is being used by several Communist organizations in Germany.

The original Communist Party of Germany, founded in 1919. It was banned in West Germany in 1956, and became part of the Socialist Unity Party in East Germany
Communist Party of Germany/Marxists–Leninists (KPD/ML), a West German Maoist group existing from 1968 to 1986
Communist Party of Germany (Roter Morgen) ("Communist Party of Germany [Red Dawn]"), a communist party named after its party newspaper founded in 1985 as a remnant of the KPD/ML
Communist Party of Germany (1990), founded in 1990, also known as Communist Party of Germany (Red Flag) after its newspaper
Communist Party of Germany (Opposition), an opposition organisation from 1928 until 1939 or 1940, illegal from 1933

See also
 The German Communist Party (1968) (DKP), formed in West Germany in 1968
Communist Workers' Party of Germany, an anti-parliamentarian communist party active in the Weimar Republic
Socialist Unity Party of Germany, the governing communist political party of East Germany

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


As you may be knowing, Canal Flats card relief loans may involve taking fast cash loans Canal Flats to pay off multiple Canal Flats BC questionable debt liabilities which maybe you are having. But if you are thinking, is Canal Flats consolidating loans good or bad, then here is one of its most important Canal Flats advantages - making one debts payment, rather than making many British Columbia credit card debt payments for each of the Canal Flats BC debt liabilities which you may have.
Moreover, the rate of interest may be lower than the other fast cash loans Canal Flats that you've been making payments on. You can either opt for secured or unsecured British Columbia card relief loans, and one of the most important advantages of secured British Columbia consolidating loans is that, the rates of Canal Flats interest are lower.
Financial institutions in Canal Flats, BC usually require that you give a needed collateral, which will be usually your Canal Flats house, when you have one. And this is where the question arises, is it a good idea to look into debt consolidation in Canal Flats? Now that's up to you to decide, but the following info on Canal Flats credit card consolidating will give you an idea of how Canal Flats card relief loans works, and how you can use it in British Columbia to your advantage.
Say you have five Canal Flats BC debt liabilities to pay each month, along with fast cash loans Canal Flats, which makes 6 bills every British Columbia month. And on top of that, you have a couple of late Canal Flats BC payday loan payments as well. That's when a Canal Flats consolidating loans company offering debt consolidation in Canal Flats can help.
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You take a Canal Flats BC credit card debt payment which equals the amount of debt liabilities you have, and pay off all your British Columbia debts. And with it, you have to make a single payment, for the needed British Columbia loan which you just took. When Canal Flats BC debts is consolidated, the card relief loans installments you pay each month are considerably less.
Moreover, with timely Canal Flats consolidating loans payments each month, you have the advantage of improving your credit score further. So, is British Columbia credit card consolidating is a good thing in Canal Flats BC? Yes it is, but only if you are sure that you will be able to make all Canal Flats BC card relief loans payments on time. Moreover, when you look into debt consolidation in Canal Flats, look at teaser Canal Flats rates also called introductory rates, as these British Columbia consolidating loans rates may be higher after a certain period of time in Canal Flats.
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Being approved for British Columbia credit card consolidating can be tough, as banks and Canal Flats financial institutions go through your British Columbia credit card debt history before approving your Canal Flats BC loan. And when you have not made Canal Flats card relief loans payments on time, then you may be charged a unpredictable higher rate of interest. Yes, the debts amount you pay might be lower, but if you make long term Canal Flats BC calculations, the crucial amounts you pay will be dramatically higher.
Moreover, there are several Canal Flats, BC credit card consolidating companies, who provide credit card debt advice to try to attract British Columbia customers by promising to work with your Canal Flats financial provider. No doubt, you pay a lower credit card consolidating amount, but a part of your British Columbia consolidating loans payment goes to these Canal Flats card relief loans companies, and you may end up paying more. So it's better to deal with the British Columbia credit card consolidating company directly, whenever possible, so that you get Canal Flats approval for low interest Canal Flats payday loans. So, is consolidating loans good or bad, actually British Columbia credit card consolidating depends on how you use it.


text:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
			xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
			xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
								http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

	<display-name>Spring webapp</display-name>

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>
			org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
		</servlet-class>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>/WEB-INF/application-context.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>

	<listener>
		<listener-class>
			org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
		</listener-class>
	</listener>
</web-app>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: hapijs yar doesn't work I am having this in one handler (api/user/login):
 request.yar.set('userSession', {userId: doc.userId});
 console.log(request.yar.get('userSession'));

in second handler I have this (api/user/isLoggedIn):
 console.log(request.yar.get('userSession'));

when I go in browser and do this in console:
$.ajax({
url: 'http://localhost:3004/api/user/login',
method: 'POST',
data: {
    email: 'durisvk2@gmail.com',
    password: 'jjuurr123'
},
success: function(data) {
    console.log(data);
}
})

the server outputs: {userId: 'ASDFGHJKLZX'}
BUT when I do this in Chrome Console:
$.ajax({
url: 'http://localhost:3004/api/user/isLoggedIn',
method: 'GET',
data: {
},
success: function(data) {
    console.log(data);
}
})

I get in console undefined
why isn't it storing session from one request to another?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Siphanta acutipenins är en insektsart som beskrevs av George Willis Kirkaldy 1906. Siphanta acutipenins ingår i släktet Siphanta och familjen Flatidae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Halvvingar
acutipenins


text:
Carrie Fisher – Sadness for all Star Wars fans
Posted by Tim Elliott | Dec 29, 2016 | Sci-Fi, Star Wars | 0 |
The news that Carrie Fisher had had a heart attack on board her LA-bound flight on 23 Dec was a shock to all Star Wars fans. I'm sure, like me, you thought and hoped that she had received attention quickly enough that we weren't going to add her name to the long list of sad losses from 2016.
That she died just 4 days later was a real blow, and the outpouring of love from across the globe has been incredible. It's striking that the love is not just for the memories of her as a young heroine in the Star Wars films, but also for the woman who went through so much, but came out smiling, joking and willing to talk about here battles with abuse and mental health problems
Her life was defined by Star Wars and she certainly had no idea what effect that "little sci-fi movie" would have on the rest of her life when she auditioned. This video shows her audition for the part of Princess leia and you can tell immediately that she was good for the part.
After Star Wars she continued to star in films but never hit the same heights for any other roles. Star Wars was what created the Carrie Fisher we're familiar with. Had she not been in it I'm sure she would have been a successful actress but her life would have taken a very different route.
It's a little early to turn our thoughts to the final 2 episodes of the Star Wars "main series", but inevitably fans are beginning to wonder what will happen to Leia now that Carrie is no longer with us. Reports tell us that she already finished shooting for her part in Episode VIII, but unless that involved Leia's death then there's going to have to be a rewrite for Episode IX. That is, unless the film-makers can work some magic.
Is there is enough footage of Carrie from the her role in episodes VII and VIII to bring Leia's story to a conclusion in Episode IX? Might they use some footage of Carrie and add some CGI wizardry to augment it as they did for Peter Cushing?
It might seem too soon to consider that. After all, Peter Cushing had been dead for 20 years before he was brought back to the screen. But it was done with Oliver Reed in Gladiator shortly after his death.
The story of Star Wars is the story of the Skywalkers; Anakin, Luke and Leia and I'm sure Leia's story will be told one way or another.
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A stalker with an unrealistic sense of how things will pan out was thwarted in his plan to kidnap Lana Del Rey at her concert on Friday, according to an Orlando police report. After casually referencing plans to "take off with Lana" throughout the week on social media, police apprehended him standing outside the Amway Center with a knife. He sounds unwell.
Markle has broken several traditional protocols as an American coming into the family, and presenting an award at the Endeavour was yet another tradition Markle bypassed. The honor is normally reserved for members of the royal family, which technically Markle is not - yet.
Halle Berry has severed ties with her former manager who has been accused by nine women of sexual abuse, using Berry's success to position himself as a star-maker for women of color.


text:
Edward J. Florio
Bernard F. Kenny
Nita G. Raval
Christopher K. Harriott
Keith Kandel
Michael T. Wilkos
Christian M. Hibinski
Emily M. Mower
Alexander J. Corrado
Florio Kenny Raval, LLP Successfully Defends Property Tax Assessments Totaling $4.8 million
By Edward J. Florio
Florio Kenny Raval, LLP recently prevailed in tax-appeal litigation, successfully defending three years of property tax assessments totaling more than $4.8 million.
At trial, David J. Yanotchko, Esq. argued that there were a number of significant flaws in the analysis of Plaintiff's expert. The Tax Court rejected Plaintiff's conclusion that the property should be assessed for only $120,000 in each year and entered judgments affirming the property tax assessments. Plaintiff then filed an appeal of the Tax Court's decision.
On appeal, Michael T. Wilkos, Esq. successfully defended the municipality in the Appellate Division of the Superior Court, which ultimately affirmed the Tax Court's decision, upholding the property tax assessments.
Florio Kenny Raval, LLP Successfully Defends Public Officials & Employees in Federal Retaliation Lawsuit
Florio Kenny Raval, LLP Successfully Defends Wage Discrimination Claim Before the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
Florio Kenny Raval, LLP Successfully Defends Municipal Prosecutor
Florio Kenny
This website constitutes Attorney Advertising. Prior results do not guarantee a similar outcome. This website should be used for informational purposes only. Nothing on this website is intended to, nor should it be taken as, legal advice for specific situations which depend on evaluation of precise factual circumstances. Should you require legal advice, you should seek the assistance of counsel.
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Copyright © Florio Kenny Raval, LLP, 2021. All rights reserved.


text:
Art | Writing | Contact
The Literary Review
Ru Marshall
A Separate Reality: A Novel
New York: Caroll & Graf, 2006
A Separate Reality, which shares a title with one of 1970s guru-"Anthropologist" Carlos Castaneda's most popular works, opens with an old quote from the The New York Times Book Review vouching for Castaneda's contribution. The irony-and not one lost on Marshall-is that Castaneda was, in the end, a fraud-albeit a fraud that made visible for spiritual searchers the world over an alternate reality that was more real, or at least more resonant, than the world they lived in.
In an interview for his publisher, Robert Marshall figured it was unlikely that The New York Times was going to review his book. Yet his quietly intelligent debut novel about one lonely, creative adolescent's search for identity amid the indignities of middle-school life is precisely what most literary novels I've read this year are not: as deeply sincere as it is ironic. There are no clever turns of phrase here, nothing sardonic. Marshall's is a gentle, but progressively urgent interweaving of idea and emotion that, in its exquisite loyalty to the rhythms and patterns of thought, lays bare the contact of the conscious mind with the unconscious one; the tension between the real and the unreal. "The voice they think is mine isn't," he writes, in the inner voice of the young protagonist. "The one I hear mumbles fragments, slips in time. A shadow voice. When I use the voice they expect, everything's lost."
An effeminate twelve year old growing up in a liberal, Jewish, politically active family in 1970s Arizona, the narrator, Mark Grosfeld is a believer who is unsure what to believe in. He's drawn to mystery, but he doesn't quite know where to find it-Judaism is solid, but too rational, his father's liberal ideals admirable, but lacking in spiritual contours; his therapist well-intentioned, but brain-dead. And his friend Bruce, possibly gay, and seemingly more thoughtful than his other fratty peers, also happens to be possessed of an awkward violence that makes him a social liability. Like Holden Caufield and adolescent narrators everywhere, Mark is painfully aware of falsity, but in Marshall's hands, this awareness is elevated to the level of a philosophical inquiry: "Their conversation. . . never goes anywhere new. All false-but how can I prove this-with which word or phrase?"
Anna, Mark's beloved seventh grade art teacher, an ex-hippie with issues of her own, throws him a lifeline when she discovers his talent for writing, brings him into an eclectic literary circle, hands him a blunt, and forges a bond with him that hints-beautifully-at erotic. In between dreamy conversations about her own floundering love life and artistic false starts, she introduces him to Buddhism, Taoism, and Castaneda. The story is shot through with Mark's quest for "transcendence"-poignant in its false promise of perfect isolation from the world alongside perfect engagement with it. But while the quest offers a kind of refuge for Mark, it isn't enough to stave off his anxiety about who to sit with in the cafeteria. Loneliness pervades the story without overpowering it; Marshall's narrative is poised between the social world and the internal one, testing the boundaries, showing where they are most distinct and when they start to blur, touching the elusiveness of meaningful engagement with other people:
What's anyone like? There's no way to know and then you die. You spend your whole life thinking maybe you're starting to understand people and maybe you're finding out who they really are….Collecting little moments of truth. Pebbles on the beach. You think you're getting somewhere, even though you know, really, that you aren't.
Mark is an outsider not only because he's gay and socially awkward, but also because of the kind of writer he is. Burdened and exhilarated by the peculiar belief that he must perfect his mind to perfect his writing, and perfect his writing to perfect his mind, he is headed, with dutiful rigor, for a spectacular obsessive-compulsive wipeout (a decade before the syndrome came into vogue). He is, after all, a seventh grader beset by the typical mire of social and emotional clutter: with timeless scorn, his peers mock his clothing, his lack of athletic ability, his sexual inexperience; they draw him into cheesy conversations; into petty cruelties. All of this gives way to spiritual and creative crisis: "I can't stop thinking about not thinking." Without a perfect mind, he worries, he cannot write the perfect poem.
Mark doesn't write the perfect poem. He comes close: he places second in a statewide contest, but after spending most of his thirteenth year composing an epic piece titled, "The Year of Dead Birds"-he is forced to realize that his efforts "sound cool", but are all but incomprehensible to his poetry group, and even Anna. "I tried to write about [my sister] Sharon, he says. "But it hadn't worked. It was still just her from the outside….The words I'd read meant nothing."
Marshall writes just about perfectly about writing imperfectly. As much as this is a book about isolation, or gay-coming-of-age, or the seventies, this is a book about writing, about coming close, the mountain-peak highs of finding the right words, and the gathering dread of inarticulateness: "The thing I'm most afraid of," says Mark, "-dying trying to finish a series of thoughts." Marshall is a writer's writer. But his prose stands in shimmering contrast to the predominant meta-fiction of our generation that seems to shout 'look at me!' Like the abstract expressionists Mark discusses with Anna, Marshall's prose seems want to disappear inside itself. What goes on internally is what matters, it says, not what ends up on a piece of paper.
And of course, he's right. For all the importance given to ideas, to art, to getting it "right", the resounding note of A Separate Reality is that human connection is vital, in all its unevenness, in all its imperfections, and perhaps most importantly, in all its mutations. Mark observes of his peers: "People changed; you couldn't see it happening. It happened somewhere else, somewhere invisible." In the complicated and rapidly transforming psyche of youth, relationships are vulnerable entities. Mark is changing. He sees holes in Anna's once-luminous theories, he drifts from Bruce, moves to a new school; he accepts that his deep attachment to his mother cannot possibly last. Yet amid all this shifting, amid his fear of imperfection, he doesn't discard anyone-he folds the relationships into himself, where they are reborn again and again as thoughts, feelings, images.
Towards the end of the novel, Mark lounges on the phone talking to Anna, who has, he notes without judgment, "started to repeat herself," and finds his eyes drawn to his mother's neatly catalogued collection of family photographs: "Maybe her idea of closeness is a dream, but maybe it's a dream that makes itself true. Maybe we need the pictures. Without them, the void, the dark atom-wind coming from the desert."
---Debra Liese


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text:
Q: Saving image in database field to file on server I am trying to save data from a table directly to the servers file system using this t-sql:
DECLARE @ID int
DECLARE @command varchar(1000)
DECLARE @Name varchar(100)
DECLARE @FileName varchar(100)
DECLARE MyCursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT Id, [FileName] FROM FilesTable
OPEN MyCursor

FETCH NEXT FROM MyCursor
INTO @ID, @Name

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN

SELECT @FileName = 'd:\Temp\' + convert(varchar(200), @Name)

SET @command = 'bcp "SELECT FileBytes FROM FilesTable WHERE ID = ' + convert(varchar(18),     @Id) + '" queryout "' + @FileName + '" -T -n'

EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @command, no_output

FETCH NEXT FROM MyCursor
INTO @Id, @Name

END

CLOSE MyCursor
DEALLOCATE MyCursor

The table is filled with solid data. accessing this data with a C# program works.
I did configure advanced options gave permission to use xp_cmdshell
When I run this query i don't get any error but no file was written.
I also don't see anything in the logs, (maybe I am looking in the wrong location?)
What am I doing wrong? Or what can I do to checdk 'under the hood'?

A: Based on the comment from Patrick and the answer in fastest way to export blobs from table into individual files I was able to store the images on my fileserver.
we ended up writing a CLR function something like the one given.


text:
Q: Update dynamic fields in OTRS over SOAP I spent several days trying to create or update a dynamic field of a ticket in OTRS via SOAP, but unfortunately to no success. I basically tried all variations of commands:
$response = $soapclient->__soapCall("Dispatch", array("user", "password",
                                    "TicketObject", "TicketUpdate",
                                    "DynamicField", array("name" => "fieldName", "value" => "Example"));

I tend to believe that this is not possible (OTRS version 5.0.14). Am I wrong? Is there a way to update dynamic fields of a ticket over SOAP and php?

A: At the end I managed to make it work. I post here my solution.

*

*First, we have to fix (a bug?) in OTRS file bin/cgi-bin/rpc.pl and add to "dispatch" subroutine these two lines:
$CommonObject{DynamicField} = $Kernel::OM->Get('Kernel::System::DynamicField');
$CommonObject{TicketDynamicObject}=$Kernel::OM->Get('Kernel::System::DynamicFieldValue');

*Then we have to get the dynamic field ID of the wanted dynamic field:
$dynfield = $soap_client->__soapCall("Dispatch", array($user, $pass,
                                                       "DynamicField", "DynamicFieldGet",
                                                       "Name", $dynamic_field_name));

*Set dynamic field for the ticket (assuming a ticket with ticketId already exists) with $value:
$result = $soap_client->__soapCall("Dispatch", array($user, $pass,
                        "TicketDynamicObject", "ValueSet",
                        "FieldID", $dynfield->ID,
                        "ObjectID", $ticketId,
                        "Value", array("0" => array("ValueText" => (string) $value)),
                        "UserID", $userId,
                        ));
If a ticket is created, then we can subsequently set dynamic field for that ticket.
Does anyone have any idea why those two lines are missing in OTRS? Will it be fixed in new version of OTRS?


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Gayle Thompson and Mark Sutton has sold 85 properties in the last year. They've recently sold properties in Browns Plains, Boronia Heights, Regents Park, Crestmead, Waterford West, Marsden, Jimboomba, Logan Central, Kingston, Calamvale, Underwood, Hillcrest, Woodridge, Algester, Bethania, North Maclean, Heritage Park, Sunnybank.
A recent sale was a 3 bedroom house at 9 Brett Ave, Browns Plains. Their highest sale in the last 12 months was a 5 bedroom house in Jimboomba for $620,000.
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text:
Christian Devotionals/
The Way to Know God/
The Six Junctures in a Human Life/
The Sixth Juncture: Death
After so much hustle and bustle, so many frustrations and disappointments, after so many joys and sorrows and ups and downs, after so many unforgettable years, after watching the seasons turn time and again, one has passed the important waymarkers in life without noticing, and in a flash, one finds oneself in one's twilight years. The marks of time are stamped all over one's body: One can no longer stand tall, one's hair turns from dark to white, while eyes once bright and lucid turn dim and cloudy, and smooth, supple skin becomes wrinkled and spotted. One's hearing weakens, one's teeth loosen and fall out, one's reactions become sluggish, one's movements slow…. At this point, one has bid a final farewell to the passionate years of one's youth and entered the twilight of one's life: old age. Next, one will face death, the last juncture in a human life.
1. Only the Creator Holds the Power of Life and Death Over Man
If one's birth was destined by one's previous life, then one's death marks the end of that destiny. If one's birth is the beginning of one's mission in this life, then one's death marks the end of that mission. Since the Creator has determined a fixed set of circumstances for a person's birth, it goes without saying that He has also arranged a fixed set of circumstances for one's death. In other words, no one is born by chance, no one's death arrives abruptly, and both birth and death are necessarily connected with one's previous and present lives. The circumstances of one's birth and death are both predetermined by the Creator; this is a person's destiny, a person's fate. Since there are many explanations for a person's birth, it is also true that a person's death will naturally occur under its own, special set of various circumstances. This is the reason for people's varying lifespans and the different manners and times of their deaths. Some people are strong and healthy, yet die young; others are weak and sickly, yet live to an old age and pass away peacefully. Some perish of unnatural causes, others die naturally. Some end their lives far from home, others shut their eyes for the final time with their loved ones by their side. Some people die in midair, others beneath the earth. Some sink beneath the water, others are lost in disasters. Some die in the morning, others at night. … Everyone wants an illustrious birth, a brilliant life, and a glorious death, but no one can reach past their own destiny, no one can escape the Creator's sovereignty. This is human fate. Man can make all kinds of plans for his future, but no one can plan the manner and time of their birth and of their departure from the world. Though people do their best to avoid and resist the coming of death, still, unbeknownst to them, death silently draws near. No one knows when they will perish or how, much less where it will happen. Obviously, it is not humanity that holds the power of life and death, not some being in the natural world, but the Creator, whose authority is unique. Mankind's life and death are not the product of some law of the natural world, but a consequence of the sovereignty of the Creator's authority.
2. One Who Does Not Know the Creator's Sovereignty Will Be Haunted by the Fear of Death
When one enters old age, the challenge one faces is not providing for a family or establishing one's grand ambitions in life, but how to bid farewell to one's life, how to meet the end of one's life, how to put a period at the end of the sentence of one's life. Though on the surface, it seems that people pay little attention to death, no one can avoid exploring the subject, for no one knows whether another world lies on the far side of death, a world that humans cannot perceive or feel, that they know nothing about. This makes people afraid to face death head-on, afraid to confront it as they ought; instead, they do their best to avoid the subject. And so it fills every person with dread about death, and adds a veil of mystery to this inevitable fact of life, casting a persistent shadow over every person's heart.
When one feels one's body deteriorating, when one senses that one is drawing nearer to death, one feels a vague dread, an inexpressible fear. Fear of death makes one feel ever lonelier and more helpless, and at this point, one asks oneself: Where did man come from? Where is man going? Is this how man dies, with his life having rushed past him? Is this the period that marks the end of man's life? What, in the end, is the meaning of life? What is life worth, after all? Is it about fame and fortune? Is it about raising a family? … Regardless of whether one has thought about these specific questions, regardless of how deeply one fears death, in the depths of every person's heart there is always a desire to probe the mysteries, a feeling of incomprehension about life, and mixed in with these, sentimentality about the world, a reluctance to leave. Perhaps no one can clearly articulate what it is that man fears, what it is that man seeks, what it is that he is sentimental about and what he is reluctant to leave behind …
Because they fear death, people have so many worries; because they fear death, people have so much they cannot let go of. When they are about to die, some people fret about this or that; they worry about their children, their loved ones, their wealth, as if by worrying, they can erase the suffering and dread that death brings, as if by maintaining a kind of intimacy with the living, they can escape the helplessness and loneliness that accompany death. In the depths of the human heart there lies a vague fear, a fear of being parted from one's loved ones, of never again laying eyes upon the blue sky, of never again looking upon the material world. A lonely soul, accustomed to the company of its loved ones, is reluctant to release its grip and depart, all alone, for a world that is unknown and unfamiliar.
3. A Life Spent Seeking Fame and Fortune Leaves One at a Loss in the Face of Death
Because of the Creator's sovereignty and predestination, a lonely soul that started out with nothing to its name gains parents and a family, the chance to become a member of the human race, the chance to experience human life and see the world. This soul also gains the chance to experience the Creator's sovereignty, to know the marvelousness of the Creator's creation, and more than that, to know and become subject to the Creator's authority. Yet most people do not really seize this rare and fleeting opportunity. One exhausts a lifetime's worth of energy fighting against fate, spends all of one's time bustling about, trying to feed one's family and shuttling back and forth between wealth and status. The things that people treasure are family, money, and fame, and they view these as the most valuable things in life. All people complain about their fates, yet still they push to the back of their minds the issues that are most imperative to examine and understand: why man is alive, how man should live, what the value and meaning of life are. They spend their entire lives, however long they may last, merely rushing about seeking fame and fortune, until their youth has fled and they have become gray and wrinkled. They live in this way until they see that fame and fortune cannot stop their slide toward senility, that money cannot fill the emptiness of the heart, that no one is exempt from the laws of birth, aging, sickness, and death, that no one can escape what fate has in store. Only when they are forced to confront life's final juncture do they truly grasp that even if one owns vast wealth and extensive assets, even if one is privileged and of high rank, one still cannot escape death and must return to their original position: a solitary soul, with nothing to its name. When people have parents, they believe their parents are everything; when people have property, they think that money is one's mainstay, that it is the means by which one lives; when people have status, they cling tightly to it and would risk their lives for its sake. Only when people are about to let go of this world do they realize that the things they spent their lives pursuing are nothing but fleeting clouds, none of which they can hold onto, none of which they can take with them, none of which can exempt them from death, none of which can provide company or consolation to a lonely soul on its journey back; least of all, none of these things can save a person and enable them to transcend death. The fame and fortune that one gains in the material world give temporary satisfaction, passing pleasure, a false sense of ease; in the process, they cause one to lose one's way. And so people, as they thrash about in the vast sea of humanity, craving peace, comfort, and tranquility of heart, are engulfed by wave after wave. When people have yet to figure out the questions that are most crucial to understand—where they come from, why they are alive, where they are going, and so forth—they are seduced by fame and fortune, misled and controlled by them and irrevocably lost. Time flies; years pass in the blink of an eye, and before one realizes it, one has bid farewell to the best years of one's life. When one is soon to depart from the world, one arrives at the gradual realization that everything in the world is drifting away, that one can no longer hold onto possessions that originally were theirs; then one truly feels that one is like a wailing infant that has just emerged into the world, with nothing yet to their name. At this point, one is compelled to ponder what one has done in life, what being alive is worth, what it means, why one came into the world. And it is at this point that one increasingly wants to know whether there really is a next life, whether Heaven really exists, whether there really is retribution…. The nearer one comes to death, the more one wants to understand what life is really about; the nearer one comes to death, the more one's heart seems empty; the nearer one comes to death, the more helpless one feels; and so one's fear of death grows greater by the day. There are two reasons such feelings manifest in people as they approach death: First, they are about to lose the fame and wealth upon which their lives have depended, about to leave behind all that the eye beholds in the world; and second, they are about to confront, all alone, an unfamiliar world, a mysterious, unknown realm where they are afraid to set foot, where they have no loved ones and no means of support. For these two reasons, everyone who faces death feels uneasy, experiences panic and a sense of helplessness such as they have never known before. Only when someone has actually come to this point do they realize that when one sets foot on this earth, the first thing they must understand is where human beings come from, why people are alive, who dictates human fate, and who provides for and has sovereignty over human existence. This knowledge is the true means by which one lives, the essential basis for human survival—not learning how to provide for one's family or how to achieve fame and wealth, not learning how to stand out from the crowd nor how to live a more affluent life, much less learning how to excel and to compete successfully against others. Though the various survival skills that people spend their lives mastering can offer an abundance of material comforts, they never bring true peace and consolation to one's heart, but instead make people constantly lose their direction, have difficulty controlling themselves, and miss every opportunity to learn the meaning of life; these survival skills create an undercurrent of anxiety about how to face death properly. People's lives are ruined in this way. The Creator treats everyone fairly, giving everyone a lifetime's worth of opportunities to experience and know His sovereignty, yet it is only when death draws near, when its specter looms, that one begins to see the light—and then it is too late!
People spend their lives chasing after money and fame; they clutch at these straws, thinking they are their only means of support, as if by having them they could live on, exempt from death. But only when they are about to die do they realize how distant these things are from them, how weak they are in the face of death, how easily they shatter, how lonely and helpless they are, with nowhere to turn. They realize that life cannot be bought with money or fame, that no matter how wealthy a person may be, no matter how lofty their position, all are equally poor and insignificant in the face of death. They realize that money cannot buy life, that fame cannot erase death, that neither money nor fame can lengthen a person's life by a single minute, a single second. The more people feel this way, the more they yearn to keep on living; the more people feel this way, the more they dread the approach of death. Only at this point do they truly realize that their lives do not belong to them, are not theirs to control, and that one has no say over whether one lives or dies—that all of this lies outside of one's control.
4. Come Under the Creator's Dominion and Face Death Calmly
At the moment a person is born, one lonely soul begins its experience of life on earth, its experience of the Creator's authority which the Creator has arranged for it. Needless to say, for the person—the soul—this is an excellent opportunity to gain knowledge of the Creator's sovereignty, to come to know His authority and to experience it personally. People live their lives within the laws of fate laid out for them by the Creator, and for any rational person with a conscience, coming to terms, over the decades of their life, with the Creator's sovereignty and coming to know His authority is not a difficult thing to do. Therefore, it should be very easy for every person to recognize, through their own life experiences over several decades, that all human fates are predestined, and it should be easy to grasp or to summarize what it means to be alive. As one embraces these life lessons, one will gradually come to understand where life comes from, to grasp what the heart truly needs, what will lead one to the true path of life, and what the mission and goal of a human life ought to be. One will gradually recognize that if one does not worship the Creator, if one does not come under His dominion, then when the time comes to confront death—when one's soul is about to face the Creator once more—one's heart will be filled with boundless dread and turmoil. If a person has been in the world for several decades yet has not understood where human life comes from nor recognized in whose palm human fate rests, then it is no wonder that they will not be able to face death calmly. A person who has gained, in their decades of experience of human life, knowledge of the Creator's sovereignty is a person with a correct appreciation for the meaning and value of life. Such a person has a deep knowledge of life's purpose, with real experience and understanding of the Creator's sovereignty, and beyond that, is able to submit to the Creator's authority. Such a person understands the meaning of God's creation of mankind, understands that man should worship the Creator, that everything man possesses comes from the Creator and will return to Him some day not far in the future. This kind of person understands that the Creator arranges man's birth and has sovereignty over man's death, and that both life and death are predestined by the Creator's authority. So, when one truly grasps these things, one will naturally be able to face death calmly, to calmly lay aside all one's worldly possessions, accept and submit happily to all that follows, and welcome the last life-juncture, arranged, as it is, by the Creator, rather than blindly dreading it and struggling against it. If one views life as an opportunity to experience the Creator's sovereignty and come to know His authority, if one sees one's life as a rare chance to perform one's duty as a created human being and to complete one's mission, then one will surely have the correct outlook on life, will surely live a life blessed and guided by the Creator, will surely walk in the light of the Creator, will surely know the Creator's sovereignty, will surely come under His dominion, and surely become a witness to His miraculous deeds, a witness to His authority. Needless to say, such a person will surely be loved and accepted by the Creator, and only such a person can hold a calm attitude toward death and welcome life's final juncture with joy. One person who obviously held this kind of attitude toward death is Job. Job was in a position to accept the final juncture of life happily, and having brought his life's journey to a smooth conclusion and completed his mission in life, he returned to be at the Creator's side.
5. Job's Pursuits and Gains in Life Allow Him to Calmly Face Death
In the scriptures it is written about Job: "So Job died, being old and full of days" (Job 42:17). This means that when Job passed away, he had no regrets and felt no pain, but departed naturally from this world. As everyone knows, Job was a man who feared God and shunned evil while he was alive. His deeds were commended by God and memorialized by others, and his life may be said to have had worth and significance that exceeded all others'. Job enjoyed God's blessings and was called righteous by Him on earth, and he was also tried by God and tested by Satan. He stood witness for God and deserved to be called a righteous person by Him. In the decades after he was tried by God, he lived a life that was even more valuable, meaningful, grounded, and peaceful than before. Because of his righteous deeds, God tried him, and also because of his righteous deeds, God appeared to him and spoke to him directly. So, in the years after he was tried, Job understood and appreciated life's value in a more concrete way, attained a deeper understanding of the Creator's sovereignty, and gained a more precise and definite knowledge of how the Creator gives and takes away His blessings. The Book of Job records that Jehovah God bestowed even greater blessings upon Job than He did before, putting Job in an even better position to know the Creator's sovereignty and to face death calmly. So Job, when he grew old and faced death, certainly would not have been anxious about his property. He had no worries, nothing to regret, and of course did not fear death, for he spent all his life walking the way of fearing God and shunning evil. He had no reason to worry about his own end. How many people today could act in all the ways Job did when he confronted his own death? Why is no one capable of maintaining such a simple outward bearing? There is only one reason: Job lived his life in the subjective pursuit of belief, recognition, and submission to God's sovereignty, and it was with this belief, recognition, and submission that he passed through the important junctures in life, lived out his last years, and greeted his life's final juncture. Regardless of what Job experienced, his pursuits and goals in life were not painful, but happy. He was happy not only because of the blessings or commendation bestowed on him by the Creator, but more importantly, because of his pursuits and life goals, because of the growing knowledge and true understanding of the Creator's sovereignty he attained through fearing God and shunning evil, and moreover, because of his personal experience, as a subject of the Creator's sovereignty, of the wondrous deeds of God, and the tender yet unforgettable experiences and memories of man and God's coexistence, acquaintance, and mutual understanding. Job was happy because of the comfort and joy that came from knowing the Creator's will, and because of the reverence that arose after seeing that He is great, wondrous, lovable, and faithful. Job was able to face death without any suffering because he knew that, in dying, he would return to the Creator's side. It was his pursuits and gains in life that allowed him to face death calmly, allowed him to face the prospect of the Creator taking back his life calmly, and moreover, allowed him to stand unsullied and free from care before the Creator. Can people nowadays achieve the kind of happiness that Job possessed? Do you have the conditions necessary to do so? Since people nowadays do have these conditions, why are they unable to live happily, as Job did? Why are they unable to escape the suffering of the fear of death? When facing death, some people urinate uncontrollably; others shiver, faint, lash out against Heaven and man alike; some even wail and weep. These are by no means natural reactions that occur suddenly when death draws near. People behave in these embarrassing ways mainly because, deep in their hearts, they fear death, because they do not have a clear knowledge and appreciation of God's sovereignty and His arrangements, much less truly submit to them. People react in this way because they want nothing but to arrange and govern everything themselves, to control their own fates, their own lives and deaths. It is no wonder, therefore, that people are never able to escape the fear of death.
6. Only by Accepting the Creator's Sovereignty Can One Return to His Side
When one does not have clear knowledge and experience of God's sovereignty and of His arrangements, one's knowledge of fate and of death will necessarily be incoherent. People cannot see clearly that everything rests in God's palm, do not realize that everything is subject to God's control and sovereignty, do not recognize that man cannot cast off or escape such sovereignty. For this reason, when their time comes to face death, there is no end to their last words, worries, and regrets. They are weighed down by so much baggage, so much reluctance, so much confusion. This causes them to fear death. For any person born into this world, birth is necessary and death inevitable; no one can rise above this course of things. If one wishes to depart from this world painlessly, if one wants to be able to face life's final juncture with no reluctance or worry, the only way is to leave no regrets. And the only way to depart without regrets is to know the Creator's sovereignty, to know His authority, and to submit to them. Only in this way can one stay far from human strife, from evil, from Satan's bondage, and only in this way can one live a life like Job's, guided and blessed by the Creator, a life that is free and liberated, a life with value and meaning, a life that is honest and openhearted. Only in this way can one submit, like Job, to the trials and deprivation of the Creator, to the Creator's orchestrations and arrangements. Only in this way can one worship the Creator all one's life and win His commendation, as Job did, and hear His voice, see Him appear. Only in this way can one live and die happily, like Job, with no pain, no worry, no regrets. Only in this way can one live in light, like Job, and pass every one of life's junctures in light, smoothly complete one's journey in light, successfully complete one's mission—to experience, learn, and come to know, as a created being, the Creator's sovereignty—and pass away in the light, and for ever after stand at the Creator's side as a created human being, commended by Him.
Excerpted from "God Himself, the Unique III" in The Word Appears in the Flesh
God's Authority
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Designers to get N1m for dressing like Fela
After a month-long call for entries, judges of the Dress Like Fela fashion competition are on the search for the next big fashion designer.
The competition, which is part of activities for the forthcoming Felabration 2022, will have renowned designers, Frank Osodi and Lanre Da-Silva, as judges.
Scheduled to hold as a physical event on October 15, 2022, the competition was conceptualised to create more cultural awareness and an opportunity to showcase Fela-inspired outfits.
According to the organisers, the competition has two segments, which are for the audience and up-and-coming designers. The audience is expected to pick the winner of the fashion show, who will go home with N1m, mentorship by a leading fashion designer and other opportunities.
Ten members of the audience who dress like Fela will also stand a chance of winning prizes.
Other events lined up for the forthcoming Felabration include the tenth edition of the secondary schools debate; the symposium known as the Fela Debates, which is in its 14th year; and seven days of music concerts featuring Nigerian and international artistes; and the Felabration Ladies Webinar.
All rights reserved. This material, and other digital content on this website, may not be reproduced, published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed in whole or in part without prior express written permission from PUNCH.
Contact: theeditor[at]punchng.com


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