text:
Q: Combined Indexed Generics can't be derived Suppose I have the following two components, which each use an interface of properties to type an onChange method:
export interface BorderValues {
  borderRadius: string;
  borderWidth: number;
  border: string;
}

export type BorderArguments = keyof BorderValues;

interface BorderProps {
  onChange: <T extends BorderArguments>(arg: T, val: BorderValues[T]) => void;
}

const Border = (props: BorderProps) => {
  props.onChange('borderRadius', '10px');
  // props.onChange('borderRadius', 10);  // error
  props.onChange('borderWidth', 10);
  // props.onChange('borderWidth', '10');  // error
  return 'Border';
}

and
export interface ContainerValues {
  padding: string | number;
  opacity: string | number;
  overflow: 'hidden' | 'visible';
}

export type ContainerArguments = keyof ContainerValues;

interface ContainerProps extends ContainerValues {
  onChange: <T extends ContainerArguments>(arg: T, val: ContainerValues[T]) => void;
}

const Container = (props: ContainerProps) => {
  // props.onChange('borderRadius', '10px');  // error
  props.onChange('padding', 10);
  props.onChange('overflow', 'hidden');
  // props.onChange('overflow', 10);  // error
  return 'container';
}

This all works great.  Now suppose I want to combine them... I can't set onChange to the combined setArgValue function because properties are missing from each:
type Arguments = BorderArguments | ContainerArguments;
interface Values extends BorderValues, ContainerValues {};

interface Props {
  // This works just fine.
  getArgValue: <T extends Arguments>(arg: T) => Values[T];
  // This obviously doesn't.
  setArgValue: <T extends Arguments>(arg: T, val: Values<T>) => void;
}

const Component = (props: Props) => {

  // error: onChange can't handle ContainerArguments.
  Border({onChange: props.setArgValue});

  // error: onChange can't handle BorderArguments.
  Container({onChange: props.setArgValue});
}

I tried to create a derived type, like so:
type Test<T extends Arguments> =
  T extends BorderArguments ? BorderValues :
  T extends ContainerArguments ? ContainerValues :
  never;

but that also doesn't work, because I can't actually index it:
// This is a problem: I need the argument to both derive the correct collection,
// but also index it based on the `arg` parameter
setArgValue: <T extends Arguments>(arg: T, val: Test<T>) => void;

Furthermore, if I change my Test type to return the item at the index, like so:
type Test<T extends Arguments> =
  T extends BorderArguments ? BorderValues[T] :
  T extends ContainerArguments ? ContainerValues[T] :
  never;

Test is always equivalent to string | number.  However, the following works:
type Foo = Test<'overflow'>; // 'hidden' | 'visible'

I've created playground with the code thus far.
Is there any way to accomplish the type I'm trying to define?  Thanks in advance!

A: Let's back up and use indexed access instead of conditional types.  I'm also cleaning up a bunch of (in my view) superfluous stuff not related to your issue.  Given this:
// BORDER COMPONENT
export interface BorderValues {
  borderRadius: string;
  borderWidth: number;
  border: string;
}
export type BorderArguments = keyof BorderValues;
interface BorderProps {
  onChange: <T extends BorderArguments>(arg: T, val: BorderValues[T]) => void;
}
const Border = (props: BorderProps) => {
  props.onChange("borderRadius", "10px");
  props.onChange("borderWidth", 10);
  return "Border";
};

// CONTAINER COMPONENT
export type ContainerArguments = keyof ContainerValues;
interface ContainerValues {
  padding: string | number;
  opacity: string | number;
  overflow: "hidden" | "visible";
}
interface ContainerProps {
  onChange: <T extends ContainerArguments>(
    arg: T,
    val: ContainerValues[T]
  ) => void;
}
const Container = (props: ContainerProps) => {
  props.onChange("padding", 10);
  props.onChange("overflow", "hidden");
  return "container";
};

// TEST COMBINATION:
type Arguments = BorderArguments | ContainerArguments;
interface Values extends BorderValues, ContainerValues {}
interface Props {
  setArgValue: <T extends Arguments>(arg: T, val: Values[T]) => void;
}

The following code works in TypeScript 3.4 and breaks in TypeScript 3.5:
const Component = (props: Props) => {
  Border({ onChange: props.setArgValue }); // okay TS3.4, error TS3.5
  Container({ onChange: props.setArgValue }); //okay TS3.4, error TS3.5
};

This is due to a breaking change in TS3.5.  The way that indexed access writes has been modified to be more type-safe.  If I have an object o of type {a: A, b: B} and I have a key k of union type "a" | "b", when I read from o, I will get back a value of union type A | B.  And in TS3.4 and below you were allowed to write a value of type A | B back.  But that's not safe because if I have a value v of union type A | B, and I write o[k] = v, it's quite possible that k is "a" and v is a B and I've done something bad.  The more-restrictive-but-safer way to do this is to require that to write to a union key property I need an intersection value of type A & B.  That's both an A and a B, and it's suitable to write into o.a and o.b.  This change has made writing to index keys safe.
And frustrating.  If you do something like const v = o[k] you expect to be able to then write o[k] = v without error.  But you realize that the type of k and the type of v are actually correlated to each other and not independent of each other... and the compiler, sadly, does not realize this.  You want to say that [k, v] is of type ["a", A] | ["b", B] but the compiler is essentially convinced that it is of type ["a", A] | ["b", A] | ["a", B] | ["b", B].  And it complains.
The assignment you are doing of props.setArgValue to a variable of type BorderProps["onChange"] suffers from the same problem.

So, how can we handle this?  The simplest way to do this is with a type assertion, where you just tell the compiler that its warning has been noted but is not applicable:
const ComponentAsserted = (props: Props) => {
  Border({ onChange: props.setArgValue as BorderProps["onChange"] });
  Container({ onChange: props.setArgValue as ContainerProps["onChange"] });
};

That's probably my recommendation here.

There's a more verbose and roundabout way to deal with this, if you care.  It looks it's still allowed to write of a value that's been read from a generic index.  So if k is of generic type K extends "a" | "b" you can do const v = o[k]; o[k] = v; without error.
So we can kind of address this by making your props.setArgValue more generic and then concrete again:
type Setter<T> = <K extends keyof T>(arg: K, val: T[K]) => void;

const setterForFewerProps = <T extends U, U>(
  setter: Setter<T>
): Setter<Pick<T, keyof U>> => <P extends keyof U>(arg: P, val: T[P]) =>
  setter(arg, val);

The setterForFewerProps compiles because of this generic allowance.  Note that props.setArgValue is a Setter<Values>, and something like borderProps.onChange is a Setter<BorderValues>, so you want to callsetterForFewerProps(props.setArgValue)`:
const ComponentFixed = (props: Props) => {
  Border({
    onChange: setterForFewerProps<Values, BorderValues>(props.setArgValue)
  });
  Container({
    onChange: setterForFewerProps<Values, ContainerValues>(props.setArgValue)
  });
};

That compiles fine, and is possibly slightly more type safe than the assertion.  But it's so verbose that I wouldn't bother.

Anyway, hope that helps; good luck!
Link to code

A: Incidentally, I was able to fix this using a Partial: link


All application materials for Scholarships must be submitted by 11:59 p.m. on April 6th.
…is a $500 stipend awarded to an Ohio resident enrolled in an accredited school library program pursuing licensure in school library media. The scholarship is intended to help defray educational costs for future library media specialists as they complete their studies.
This scholarship is up to a $1,000 stipend awarded to an Ohio resident enrolled in an accredited school library program pursuing licensure in school library media. The scholarship is intended to help defray educational costs for future library media specialists as they complete their studies.
…honors the life and contributions of Floyd Dickman. In partnership with Junior Library Guild, this grant is awarded annually to one Ohio school library to help fund programs that inspire children to embrace the fun and the joy that reading offers. The grant continues the work that Floyd was so passionate about during his lifetime.
Please Complete the form below to submit an application. You will be able to attach any supporting documentation to this submission. See award descriptions & required application materials on the OELMA Awards webpage Late materials will not be accepted. Submission Deadline is April 9th at 5 p.m.
Please look for an email invitation to join our OELMA 2018 Awards DropBox file. You may submit your 3-to-5-minute video after the invitation is accepted. This video must be submitted by 5:00 pm, April 9th.
I will attach supporting documentation to this submission.
I will submit application via standard mail.
Accepted file types: jpg, jpeg, gif, png, bmp, tif, psd, pdf, zip.
Accepted file types: jpg, jpeg, gif, png, bmp, tif, psd, pdf, doc, docx, xls, xlsx, txt, mp3, mp4, mpg, mpeg, zip.
All application materials must be submitted to the OELMA Office in a single packet or .pdf file.


text:
Mistrzostwa Armenii w piłce siatkowej mężczyzn 2022 (oficjalna nazwa: Men's Pro League 2022) – 30. sezon mistrzostw Armenii w piłce siatkowej zorganizowany przez Związek Piłki Siatkowej Armenii (Հայաստանի Վոլեյբոլի Ֆեդերացիա, HVF). Rozgrywki zainaugurowane zostały 8 kwietnia i trwały do 4 grudnia 2022 roku.

W mistrzostwach Armenii w 2022 roku wzięło udział 5 drużyn. W porównaniu z poprzednim sezonem do rozgrywek dołączyła drużyna MSKH, natomiast nie wystartował zespół KhMOMM. Mistrzostwa składały się z czterech rund. W każdej rundzie drużyny rozegrały między sobą po jednym spotkaniu. Pierwsza i druga runda odbyły się wiosną, natomiast trzecia i czwarta runda – jesienią. Wszystkie mecze rozegrane zostały w hali sportowej BKMA w Erywaniu.

Po raz pierwszy mistrzem Armenii został klub MSKH, drugie miejsce zajął zespół FIMA, natomiast trzecie – BKMA.

Głównym partnerem mistrzostw było przedsiębiorstwo bukmacherskie vbet, a rozgrywki przyjęły nazwę Pro League (Պրո Լիգա).

System rozgrywek
Pięć drużyn rozegrało między sobą po cztery spotkania w ramach czterech rund. Dwie pierwsze rundy odbyły się wiosną, natomiast III i IV runda – jesienią. Przed każdą rundą odbywało się losowanie, na podstawie którego ustalano terminarz. Losowanie I rundy miało miejsce 7 kwietnia, II rundy – 26 kwietnia, III rundy – 27 października, natomiast IV rundy – 22 listopada. Drużyna, która po rozegraniu wszystkich meczów zdobyła największą liczbę punktów, została mistrzem Armenii.

Drużyny uczestniczące

Tabela wyników

Terminarz i wyniki spotkań

Tabela

Zasady ustalania kolejności: 1. liczba zdobytych punktów; 2. liczba wygranych meczów; 3. lepszy bilans setów.Punktacja: 3:0 i 3:1 – 3 pkt; 3:2 – 2 pkt; 2:3 – 1 pkt; 1:3 i 0:3 – 0 pktLegenda: (M) – mistrzostwo Armenii

Najlepsi zawodnicy

Źródło:

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Pierwszy poziom rozgrywek siatkarskich w Armenii
2022 w piłce siatkowej
2022 w Armenii

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Leader in Power Surface Scrubbing, Sweeping, Washing and Snow Removal in the Midwest!
Extreme Power Cleaning, Inc. is an "Elite" full service power cleaning contractor, specializing in power scrubbing, power sweeping, pressure washing, and snow removal. EPC has been an authority in "Flat Surface" power cleaning for over 15 years. Some of the types of projects include warehouse floors, post construction clean-up, flood water extraction, and snow removal. Whether the project is interior or exterior, we have the specialized machinery and experienced personal to insure the integrity of service that we will always provide, without compromising the high standards that our customers demand.


text:
Wesleyan Methodist Chapel (Demolished)
Dronfield, St John the Baptist's Church
Dronfield, Kingdom Hall (1950s)
Dronfield, St John's Church Hall
Dronfield, Dronfield United Reformed Church (formerly Salem Chapel)
Dronfield, Oaks Community Church
Dronfield, Kingdom Hall of Jehovah's Witnesses
Dronfield, Dronfield Methodist Church
Dronfield, Shaun Hadley Room (Civic Hall)
Dronfield, Dronfield Baptist Church
Dronfield, Lea Road Methodist Church (Demolished)
Dronfield, St Paul's Methodist Church
Dronfield, Church of The Holy Spirit (RC)
Place of Worship has been
Demolished.
Wesleyan Methodist Chapel (Demolished), Dronfield
Wesleyan Methodist Chapel (Demolished),
Snape Hill / Sheffield Road,
Dronfield, Derbyshire.
We believe the Chapel did NOT have a graveyard.
This Place of Worship was founded by 1877, but we understand it was closed by 1942.
The location of this Chapel is shown on Old Maps of 1899, 1919 and 1938, close to the junction of what is now Sheffield Road and Snape Hill Lane. It was described in 1899 as Wesleyan Methodist, and according to Kelly's Directory of 1932, it was built in 1879, with seating for 150.
The following notice in The London Gazette of 20th October 1942 (p.4559), recording the cancellation of its registration for marriages, suggests a date of foundation at least two years earlier (the original notice of registration has not been found):
NOTICE is hereby given that the Place of Meeting for religious worship described as WESLEY METHODIST CHAPEL situated at Dronfield in the civil parish of Dronfield in the registration district of Chesterfield in the county of Derby which was duly certified for worship on the 3rd day of July, 1877, has wholly ceased to be used as a Place of Meeting for religious worship by the congregation on whose behalf it was so certified, and that the Registrar-General has caused the record of the certification thereof to be cancelled pursuant to the Act 18 & 19 Vict., c.81 from the 17th day of October 1942. Dated 17th October 1942.
Some seven years later, in 1949, according to the website of the Holy Spirit Catholic Church, Dronfield, "a disused Methodist chapel on Snape Hill was given to Dronfield Catholics by George Lunt of Woodseats". This take-over is evident on Old Maps of 1958-1959, as a building with the same footprint is labelled as "The Catholic Church of the Holy Spirit (R.C)". This was superseded by a new, dedicated Catholic Church erected in Stonelow Road in 1967; and in due course, the old Wesleyan Chapel was demolished, its site being laid down to lawn.
Now or formerly Wesleyan Methodist.
This Chapel was located at OS grid reference SK3532378575. You can see this on various mapping systems. Note all links open in a new window:
Wesleyan Methodist Chapel (Demolished), Dronfield shown on a Google Map.
Places of Worship in Dronfield shown on a Google Map.
I have found many websites of use whilst compiling the information for this database. Here are some which deserve mention as being of special interest for Dronfield, and perhaps to Local History and Places of Worship as a whole.
Information provided on the Holy Spirit Catholic Church, Dronfield website. (verified 2019-02-03)
Notices of Civil Registration of Places of Worship for marriages are published in the London edition of The Gazette. Hint: search for registrations from 1998 by choosing 'Church' notices, and the option 'Registration for solemnising marriage'. (verified 2018-12-11)
This Report was created 15 Jan 2021 - 07:51:42 GMT from information held in the Derbyshire section of the Places of Worship Database. This was last updated on 6 Feb 2019 at 15:49.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Our Children's ministry is excited to host Jeff Slaughter on February 14th for a special time of Praise & Worship! For the the past 26 years, Jeff Slaughter has been laughing, singing, dancing, and worshipping, with Kids! His hearts desire is to equip them with God's Word through music and to help them discover what a passionate relationship with Jesus is all about.
There will be a meal beginning at 5:30 PM and will be followed by the Praise & Worship time with Jeff Slaughter at 7:00 PM. We hope to see your children there!


I don't know where Stevan put his suitcase.
Andrea is the one who told me where you live.
If that wasn't Part, who was it?
I've never seen Christofer lose his temper before.
This was in Fred's locker.
Beth goes to work by motorcycle.
Liyuan says it'll only take a minute.
Dieter came by to visit late yesterday afternoon.
Mechael said he didn't speak French very well.
Rebecca and Phiroze want to talk to me.
Nils was sure you'd like Fletcher.
Siegurd is single and has never been married.
This was on Surya's desk.
Wade is still pretty groggy.
Pantelis was killed in a traffic accident.
Is there anything you'd like to say to Saify?
We should talk to Brodie.
Vijay did it on purpose, I think.
Blake could still be alive somewhere.
I wish I had as much money as Marc.
Rich is studying to become a doctor.
Please call me as soon as you know anything about Geoff's condition.
Mayo can't figure it out.
Dorothy demanded her money back.
I thought Jef would agree with me.
Sundaresan is still in intensive care.
Jos didn't stop smoking, so Leigh left the room.
Have any of you ever talked to Kent?
Help me and I'll help Phil.
Bill was the first guy who broke my heart.


text:
Q: SparkAppHandle.Listener.infoChanged behaviour I am having a bit of difficulty in understanding the exact behaviour of SparkAppHandle.Listener.infoChanged(SparkAppHandle handle) method. The documentation says:
Callback for changes in any information that is not the handle's state.

What exactly is meant by any information here? Apart from state other pieces of information I can see are ID and isFinal. I can't see anything else. What's that thing which actually triggers infoChanged method? I can clearly see stateChanged getting called at each state transition during the course of the execution of my program. However, infoChanged gets called just once, when the state transitions from SUBMITTED to RUNNING.
Does infoChanged gets called only once, when state transitions from SUBMITTED to RUNNING? Or is it just in my case?
Version used :

*

*spark-1.6.1-bin-2.6.0

*java version "1.8.0_92"

Thank you so much for your valuable time. Appreciate it!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Your community.
Your membership.
Your membership supports local journalism…
We uncover the stories that need to be told — and make a difference in our community.
Reports of Faraday Future in financial trouble
After a string of good news, Faraday Future's luck may be running low after reports surfaced of several setbacks for the startup electric car manufacturer.
Compelling insights from the heart of our community.
Nearly 100 arrested in Central Valley multi-agency gang sweep
HANFORD — Multiple law enforcement agencies announced Wednesday the conclusion of a five-month investigation that targeted suspected gang members across four Central Valley counties.
California governor pulls plug on LA-SF high-speed train
California Gov. Gavin Newsom says he's ending the state's effort to build a high-speed rail line between San Francisco and Los Angeles.
Homeless center plan comes to a halt
HANFORD — After four months of meetings and back and forth discussions, a plan to purchase a downtown building for a proposed homeless service center is now officially off the table.
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Party Animal Pet Food is launching a new dog food line made with organic coconut oil.
Party Animal Pet Food, a petfood company that produces all-natural, organic foods for dogs and cats, introduced Cocolicious at SuperZoo 2013. This new line of grain-free petfood is made with organic coconut oil along with organic and natural ingredient, available at retailers throughout the US starting in August 2013.
Coconut oil offers health benefits to animals such as assisting in maintaining a stronger immune system and helping to promote oral health, healthy skin and a shiny coat.
"Coconut oil has gained mainstream awareness for its health benefits in humans, and it's now time for animals to benefit from this amazing, nutritious ingredient," said Daryl Abrams, founder/CEO of Party Animal. "We are thrilled to be launching a petfood line with organic coconut oil for our furry friends to love as much as we do."
The Cocolicious line will initially launch with dog food products in six flavors: Organic Chicken & Beef, Organic Turkey & Chicken, Organic Beef & Turkey, Wild Caught Salmon & Pork, Tender Pork & Lamb, and Lamb & Wild Caught Salmon.


Here is the playlist from the January 5 Go Deep show. Hourly links for streaming and downloading are just below. This 3-hour version of Go Deep is airing at the Europe/Australia/New Zealand friendly time of 9-noon Monday mornings London time. Indie1031 in LA airs the weekly two hour version of this from from 1-3p Pacific time. They repeat the show Wednesday mornings 2-4a Pacific, which is 10-noon in London. We encourage feedback on any fave tracks from these Go Deep shows. Please follow our facebook and twitter pages for upcoming details on air times and station info.
Posted by Bruce Rave	on Jan 11th, 2014	and is filed under Music.


text:
NIT Tournament 2012, Drexel Vs. Northern Iowa Final Score: Dragons Win 65-63
By Jared Smith@JaredSmithCNY Mar 18, 2012, 1:23pm EDT
Share All sharing options for: NIT Tournament 2012, Drexel Vs. Northern Iowa Final Score: Dragons Win 65-63
It was closer than it should have been, but the Drexel Dragons were able to hold of the Northern Iowa Panthers, 65-63, in NIT Tournament second-round contest in Philadelphia, PA. The victory advances the Dragons (29-6) to the Elite 8 and a match-up with the UMass Minutemen.
Leading 38-28 at halftime, and at one point by 18 points in the first half, the Dragons had their lead trimmed to 61-60 with 24 seconds to go in the game. After pushing its lead back to four points, 64-60, NIU hit a 3-pointer with just :09 to go to. Another free throw by Drexel's Frantz Massenat extended the lead back to two, however, and the victory was cemented when a desperation 3-point by NIU's Johnny Moran hit the front of the rim as time expired.
Senior forward Samme Given scored 16 of his game-high 28 points in the first half for Drexel, which improves to 15-0 at home this season. Junior guard Chris Fouch netted 16 points, including four 3-pointers, three of those coming during a 14-0 run in the first half that helped the Dragons earn a 33-15 lead.
The Panthers battled back into the game using 19 points from Moran and a solid 3-point shooting effort (10-for-23).
For a complete NIT bracket can be found here.
For more NIT coverage, be sure to check out our constantly updated tourney stream and SB Nation Philly for all your needs. Get complete college basketball coverage at SB Nation's NCAA hoops hub.
NIT 2012 Bracket: Stanford, Minnesota Square Off For All The Marbles
2012 NIT Schedule And Bracket: Minnesota, Stanford To Square Off In Finals
NIT Tournament 2012, Drexel Vs. Northern Iowa Halftime Score: Dragons Lead 38-28


text:
From the Spring 2021 edition of The Bretton Woods Observer
Data concerns reopen debate over World Bank Doing Business rankings
Give Doing Business report a COVID burial
Centre for Financial Accountability
It is time to end the controversial World Bank's Doing Business Report
Reforms to World Bank's flagship Doing Business report are off track and undermine World Bank's credibility
What kind of review do we need of the Doing Business Rankings?, Christina Chang
World Bank is told to dump rankings from 'Doing Business' report
After 15 years, World Bank's Doing Business Report still missing the mark
As World Bank pauses Doing Business Report, pressure mounts for it to be permanently scrapped
Business as usual: World Bank rejects Doing Business reforms
Doing Business not related to growth
Ease of Doing Business – what does it conceal?
Doing Business Report to be published after temporary suspension over data irregularities
World Bank plans to publish latest DBR in March and undertake an external review of the report's methodology
A December 2020 World Bank document revealed that the World Bank's latest Doing Business Report (DBR) will be published in March 2021, after a temporary suspension in August 2020 over data irregularities. The publication will take place despite long-standing criticisms of the DBR and associated country rankings (see Observer Winter 2019) and a 2020 Bank review investigating claims that the ratings had been manipulated for Azerbaijan, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and China. As the outgoing US executive director to the World Bank noted in a December 2020 tweet, the review found that, "staff felt undue pressure from management to change country rankings" (see Observer Autumn 2020).
The World Bank issued a statement in December 2020 outlining steps taken to address the issues that led to the DBR's suspension, including a full review of the data irregularities, and required corrections to the data for the affected countries. The statement also noted that it would undertake another "external review of the Doing Business methodology…with findings expected in mid-2021" (see Observer Autumn 2013), stressing that the review is "unrelated to the specific data irregularities."
Civil society organisations have raised concerns about the 31 March deadline for input into the review's questionnaire and lack of external engagement in the review process. These shortcomings bolstered calls for an end to the report.
On 10 March, a letter signed by 346 civil society organisations, grassroots and labour movements, and academics was submitted to the World Bank's executive directors calling for a permanent scrapping of the report, stressing that, "for too long, the Doing Business Report has encouraged policies that have worsened inequalities – including deregulations which exacerbated the global gender and racial division of labour – eroded labor protections and domestic resource mobilisation capacity, suppressed domestic aggregate demand and economic diversification and thus strained the legitimacy of state institutions."


text:
Miya Muqi
Covert security company Vanguard is the last hope of survival for an accountant after he is targeted by the world's deadliest mercenary organization.
The Pluto Moment
Loosely based on The Tale of Darkness, a traditional song of mourning, the film follows Wang Zhun, a director in search of inspiration for his new script, as he embarks on an unpredictable trek across China's remote Shennongjia mountains in Hubei province with an urbane producer, Ding Hongmei; a young actor named Bai; and his loyal photographer, Du Chun. The journey delivers a relentless series of unexpected physical hardships and subtle emotional ebbs and flows … Read more
The Monkey King 2
Taking place 500 years after the Havoc in Heaven, the Tang Priest is appointed by Buddha to go to the West to fetch the sacred scriptures, only to accidentally free the Monkey King. With Lady White (Gong Li) aiming to break up the team assembled to defeat her, the Monkey King must fight in order to save his world!


Sinai is a city in South Dakota. So far we have accumulated 11 streets in Sinai and on these streets we have added 800 real estate properties.
Sinai (pronounced /'sa?.ni?.a?/, SY-nee-eye) is a town in Brookings County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 120 at the 2010 census.


Jennifer Maria Xilojvelazquez was born on May 17, 1990 in Los Angeles County, California.
Her father's last name is Xilojvelazquez, and her mother's maiden name is Velasquez. If Jennifer is still alive, she's now years old.


text:
Home > School Directory > Virginia > Foxcroft School
Foxcroft School - Review #1
Read more details about Foxcroft School on their 2021-22 profile page.
Foxcroft School
5 Foxcroft School alumni 1
Years Attended Boarding School: 2012-2014
Sports and Activities: During my time I participated in Foxhound traditions, was the head of the Current Events & Debate club, started up the Arabic Club and played on the varsity Volleyball and Softball team.
College Enrolled: Gettysburg College
Home Town, State: Chantilly, VA
Reflections and Advice:
1.) What do you think makes your school unique relative to other boarding schools?
Located a short 10-minute drive from the luxurious small town of Middleburg, VA; Foxcroft School is the heart of a place that makes positive upbringing of their students the center of their priority. With special traditions that become intense like Foxhound, visitor welcome traditions and a very small environment (less than 150 students), by her senior year a girl knows nearly everything about the campus and faculty. One of the things that makes Foxcroft School unique from other boarding schools is that it truly focuses on the whole person as opposed to test scores and getting X number of students to Ivy Leagues for the sake of prestige.
2.) What was the best thing that happened to you in boarding school?
Despite coming to Foxcroft School as a junior and only spending two years there, the school shaped and formed me in the best way possible. At Foxcroft, I could genuinely be a teenage girl with all the weird quirks, attitude problems and everything else that comes along with that period of youth. My academics were in order, I had access to fruits and vegetables each day, I exercised at least 5 days a week and unless I had a boyfriend, I only worried about boys on the weekend for the most part. I'm not sure I can name a particular achievement (I got into an honor's society?) but looking back on my experience as a high schooler, Foxcroft was the right choice to develop me into the young woman I knew I could be. There's some definite things that Foxcroft lacks (little to no discussion on gender identity, very strict prohibition of alcohol and drug substances so that first semester of college is a sure adjustment) but I think that Foxcroft gave me the tools to be confident in my decisions and have the reasoning to eventually stop destructive behaviors.
3.) What might you have done differently during your boarding school experience?
I started applying to schools the summer going into my sophomore year of high school and Foxcroft offered me a spot to start that sophomore fall. I wish I would have taken it. Specifically Foxhound, it's almost imperative that girls are there starting freshman/sophomore year to full take advantage of the traditions. However at any boarding school there's clubs and secrets that only 4-year girls can and will know and when you're in such a space, it can suck feeling like you left out or came too late. Also- be sure to make friends with your teachers. They're people too and the relationships I started at Foxcroft with teachers has carried over into college- I still visit my AP Biology teacher I had senior year and have a good relationship with her and her family.
4.) What did you like most about your school?
The best part about Foxcroft is the home-y feel about the school. While the athletic facilities are brand spankin new and beautiful, the library (while still grand and open) is a bit older and has a more relaxed feel to it. It was my favorite place to go during the day when I had a free period or rainy days when no one wanted to leave their dorm. I also loved the campus. It was SO beautiful and green and open and wide and was just so reminiscent of a school on a farm with modern technologies. They just had their 100 year anniversary in 2014 and the school shows it with the old archives and parts of dorms that are worn down but in some ways, it's very charming and serves for some killer ghost stories.
5.) Do you have any final words of wisdom for visiting or incoming students to your school?
Assuming your tour is led by a student (they usually are- another favorite part), ask questions about how they got to Foxcroft and how their friends got to Foxcroft. Each story is super unique and range from 'I really wanted a good riding program' to 'I'm a 3rd generation legacy and I've been in love since I came here as a baby' Stop by the PX (now I think it's Court and they decked out the merchandise and snack section) and take a stroll around the library. If you're with parents, step away from them and eat lunch with a group of girls and just observe how they interact with each other. Experiences without some sort of adult influence are always the 'real' ones and will really tell you about how the school functions.
Academics:
1.) Describe the academics at your school - what did you like most about it?
Despite Foxcroft School not placing a heavy emphasis on taking AP Courses, most girls take them anyway. My experience coming from a great but rigorous public school in Fairfax County to here was a relief- but not in the sense that I felt it was easier but more so in the fact that my teachers and the school schedules allowed us all to manage our time and homework better. I liked that my teachers could offer extended time and knew each other so if I spent too much time on a math test- my math teacher could literally walk over to my Spanish class and let the teacher know what was happening. Teachers definitely held us girls accountable but they understood our schedules and our individual capacities. My senior year I took 3 AP courses (a relatively average amount) PLUS an AP Spanish Literature course that I worked with my Spanish teacher after class to prepare for. Stuff like that doesn't happen anywhere and the small class sizes and individual attention is definitely something to love.
Athletics:
1.) Describe the athletics at your school - what did you like most about it?
Not gonna lie, I was not a star athlete during my time here. Athletics are strong in certain departments (field hockey, lacrosse, horse riding but that's a division of its own) and not so strong in others. There is mandatory participation which becomes a little played out by the time most girls are seniors but then you get to college and suddenly become super grateful for that craving to work out because it's become a slight force of habit after 4 years. There's a decent diversity of sports, the facilities are A1 and I had new uniforms for BOTH my separate varsity teams during my 2 years there. Coaching of course depends on the sport and how much success Foxcroft has seen in that area- I would say the field hockey and lacrosse coaches are fantastic but sports that don't win as much generally lack in competitiveness.
Art, Music, and Theatre:
1.) Describe the arts program at your school - what did you like most about it?
My first year at Foxcroft I took yearbook with Ms. Thorndike. It was a nice, relaxing class and I got the chance to briefly explore the digital arts. Unfortunately that was the only one I did directly through the school- I managed to bring in my old private violin teacher to continue my private lessons because the school lacked an orchestra and band. However, if theatre, singing, choir and piano are things you're into there's plenty of outlets for that. There are lots of artistic girls but unfortunately not very many outlets or professors to allow this creativity to be expressed in different ways.
Extracurricular Opportunities:
1.) Describe the extracurriculars offered at your school - what did you like most about it?
Foxcroft had the average amount of volunteer opportunities and student organizations. Unfortunately not much diversity but most girls I knew did a sport and had one or two other clubs or tour guide positions that they balanced.
Dorm Life:
1.) Describe the dorm life in your school - what did you like most about it?
Here's where Foxcroft really starts to become distinct. In all the other boarding schools I visited, not once did I see a sleeping porch, something that every freshman, sophomore and sometimes junior sleeps in during their time there. It sounds weird- and it is a little weird but it's a place where everyone sleeps and ONLY sleeps. This means that the rooms are strictly for studying/getting dressed which is kind of cool because it doesn't allow for that weird combination of half doing work on your bed and not really getting anything done because your brain associates that part with sleep- etc. Room selection process besides freshman year is your choice but unless you have a fridge in your dorm for various reasons, there's no real access to food late at night unless you have a bottle of water and triscuits sitting in your room. As a junior, I had bedtime that was partially enforced but as a senior we had no bedtime.
1.) Describe the dining arrangements at your school.
I still talk about Foxcroft's AMAZING salad bar to this day. This place is where I really learned to enjoy balsamic vinaigrette dressing, bean sprouts, and lunchmeat with sesame seeds for a yummy crunchy lunch. The hot food line was average- sometimes the food was great and other times it wasn't too good but I felt that for the small size, there were a good amount of options. The dining hall opened around 7AM on the weekdays (I think maybe 9/10 on the weekends) and closed around 7:30PM every night. There was no assigned seating but of course with boarding school traditions the seniors had their special seating area and an outside porch and during Foxhound seating arrangements were modified to accommodate the tradition as well.
Social and Town Life:
1.) Describe the school's town and surrounding area.
Middleburg is a cute, quaint town. Most times it serves as a nice way to get off campus even though it's only a short 10 minute drive away. There was a bus offered every Sunday to get into town and most times we would just wander around for an hour or so and buy groceries from Safeway (which is very Middleburg- they have an unreal variety of Kombucha drinks and Triscuit varieties and the prices are a taaaad ridiculous) then get a cup of coffee or pastry from a local shop. I loved how it was small and fit in with the environment of Foxcroft- Middleburg is a bubble itself and Foxcroft was definitely included in that which is different from other surrounding school towns where the campus life and outside of campus life can seem to contrast. Middleburg also has a good amount of events for holiday seasons and is bigger than one expects so you won't familiarize yourself with the whole town until after probably a year or so.
2.) Describe the social life at your school - what did you like most about it?
Given that this school is very small and all-girls, we were each other's social life. I remember random sleepover parties and events we would invite each other to just to get off campus or take a student friend who lived far away to your home for the weekend/break because you wanted to spend more time with them or didn't want them to be alone. There wasn't much of a social life save a few mixers with an all-boys school and ALL the surrounding all-girls schools every semester and their respective semi-formals and formals at the end. We had trips to Kings Dominion and DC and when I went back to visit this year they were expanding but there was really little room to get to know people outside of your school unless you made a conscience effort to keep in touch and branch out. During boarding school I made sure to keep in close contact with my friends from home and occasionally friends I had made at school.
Daily Schedule:
7:30 AM Wake up. Quick breakfast.
8:00 AM First class - AP Biology
8:45 AM Second class - AP Human Geography
9:30 AM Free period - check mailroom for packages, buy a snack, plan out week and homework assignments in the library
10:15 AM Third class - AP Spanish Literature
11:00 AM Fourth class - AP English Literature
11:45 AM Peer Learning Associate - worked with different students to help study and make a study plan
12:30 AM Fifth class - Physics ; would eat lunch sometime afterward
3:00 PM Sports practice from 3-5:30PM. Shower then dinner at 6PM.
7:30 PM Study hall from 7:30PM to 9:45PM. Bedtime promptly at 10:30 ish.
10:00 AM Breakfast at the dining hall.
11:30 AM Go back to sleep
1:45 PM Brunch.
2:30 PM Mixer prep. Texting boys and figuring out what to wear for the evening activity!
5:00 PM Leave for the mixer. Usually a 1-2.5 hour bus ride
7:00 PM Woodberry mixer - a few appetizers, lame DJ, awkward dancing, good ol' teenage stuff
12:30 PM Return from mixer.
Alumni Reviews
Review School
Foxcroft School Alumni #1
5 Stars 1/16/2017
Located a short 10-minute drive from the luxurious small town of Middleburg, VA; Foxcroft School is the heart of a place that makes positive upbringing of their students the center of their priority. With special. . .
Foxcroft School is a place of sisterhood and traditions, which is pretty fitting seeing as it just celebrated 100 years in 2014. There are many traditions that stems from years of culture and beliefs. The. . .
First of all this is an all girls boarding school with very rich tradition and uniqueness of the Fox-hound community that creates a very strong between friends and school faculty. This bond forms a family. . .
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Quick Stats (2021-22)
Students: 175 students
Yearly Tuition (Day Students): $48,360
Application Deadline: 2020-02-01
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text:
manuelgarciajr
energy, nature, society
Favorite Writings
American Decline (continues)
Posted on March 26, 2017 by manuelgarciajr
When we say the American Empire is in decline, what do we mean? Is it the decline of:
1) The U.S. economy (and consequently U.S. political power) in relation to and in competition with the other national economies, the regional groupings of economies (like the E.U.), and the aggregate world economy?, or the decline of
2) The industrial mode of economic organization of society?, or the decline of
3) The capitalist model now controlling the U.S. economy in its industrial mode (as opposed to, say, a socialist model whether of democratic form or of command form as in China)?, or the decline of
4) The competence of the economic managing elite, and the influence of white males as the demographic group devising and directing public policy, controlling the national economy and ensuring their demographic group is most favored in the distribution of national prosperity?, or the decline of
5) The standard of living, physical health and security, mental state and personal development of the majority of the members of the public?
We can abstract these five aspects of a national economy, respectively, as its:
1) power,
2) organization (as an industrial mechanism or as a social relations network),
3) purpose (capitalist or socialist),
4) leadership (ability and demographics), and
5) living conditions (the typical experience of daily life).
Clearly, any person's view of the state of the economy will depend on which of these five aspects they most identify with; and any media account of the state of the economy will be crafted to resonant with the biases of the intended audience.
People in the corporate and political leadership classes will gauge the health of the economy on the basis of its power in relation to the international competition. The remora class of analysts, commentators, consultants and promoters, who base their livelihoods on the sale of information and "suggestions" to the executive classes, will also fabricate their interpretations of current events on the basis of the economy's power.
Economic Organization
Critics of the industrial mode of economics will focus on the mismatch between the performance of our current economic machinery and the human and societal needs of the public, which is required to support this economy. Ivan Illich (1926-2002) wrote three books in the 1970s (Deschooling Society, Tools For Conviviality, and Medical Nemesis) arguing quite effectively that many of the institutions of the modern industrial state impede their own supposed purposes; he focused on education and medicine in particular.
For example, the educational "funnels" sought today so as to insert more knowledge more quickly into student minds are so burdensome (too much homework, "one-size-fits-all" regimentation, politically circumscribed curricula) that they work against the natural impulse to intellectual exploration by children and young adults, and rob them of the time to follow their natural inclinations toward discovering and learning at their own pace. Children are conditioned, programmed and trained to be passive receptacles rather than being nurtured to become self-directed learners and creators.
Another example of industrial mode counterproductively is the high-volume production of automobiles, which enables suburban sprawl. The unavoidable result is the clogging of increasing longer commute routes between suburban homes and city jobs. The losses to individuals in hours-per-day of living-time spent commuting, and the societal costs in air pollution and the national security liability of oil dependency, are all well known.
A "convivial" (Illich's term) solution would be to group residential and work areas close together within smaller well-planned cities and towns linked by networks of intra-urban and inter-urban public transportation systems (trolley, bus, train). Such convivial towns and neighborhoods (structured around the natural scale of human interactions) would harken back to earlier times when every city block was not far from a park, and had a bakery, produce store, meat and fish store, druggist and newsstand along it or "just around the corner."
The industrial mode requires that people serve the efficiency goals of a delivery system so it operates at its lowest cost per item moved. For example, the "big box" stores one must drive to, because they are beyond walking distance from home, and because no one can carry all the bulky items and large quantities one is required to purchase in order to get the array of supplies needed for home-life. How much easier stepping off a bus or trolley a block or two from home after work, and within half an hour buying one easily-carried grocery bag filled with all the supplies and fresh food needed for the next few days.
Another Illich concept is that of the "radical monopoly." This occurs when a technical system or method appears to be most effective at meeting some common need, and as a consequence of its popularity makes alternatives so economically disfavored that the use of the dominant technology becomes effectively mandatory. This might be acceptable in the case where a more convenient technology replaces a less convenient one, such as personal computers replacing typewriters; but it might be detrimental when the radical monopoly consumes large amounts of energy and pollutes (which we could recast as "requires a wasteful consumption of environmental potential"). The automobile transportation required by suburbia is one such radical monopoly.
Another radical monopoly is western medicine in the form of a pharmacologically and technologically intense industrial mode of centralized medical practice. A convivial alternative would be to have doctors (and their clinics) distributed throughout the well-planned towns mentioned earlier, so that one lived on every block, and every resident would have their "personal physician" living within walking distance. Hospitals would still exist, but patients would most likely enter them as a planned visit arranged by their local doctor, rather than as the only option in an emergency. This latter health care system is used in Cuba.
People address the problems of their daily lives by applying a wide array of tools: hand tools, kitchen and food storage appliances, transport vehicles and transportation systems, electronic devices and electrical power networks, houses and housing systems, drugs and medical devices and health care systems, and many other technical entities from simple pocket knives to trans-national social, monetary, judicial and government systems. Illich called all such entities "tools."
His central point was that "A convivial society should be designed to allow all its members the most autonomous action by means of tools least controlled by others." Illich chose the term "convivial" to designate the opposite of "industrial productivity," his concept of a society of autonomous and creative interaction between people, and between people and their environment, "where individual freedom was realized in personal interdependence."
Tools that allow for many possible uses, as determined by the creativity of the user, and are not restricted to a narrow purpose by their designer, are convivial. Simple hand tools, like a hammer, are convivial tools. More complex examples are the telephone, in that the telephone company cannot restrict the nature of your conversations; and AC electrical power, in that the power company has no control over what you plug into an electrical outlet. In contrast, machines made for industrial productivity can only be used in a few ways, which is the intent of the designer so as to control and "own" the benefit of the tool's use. The specialized machinery in any factory assembly line, big box stores, and "personal" computers with proprietary and purposely exclusive operating systems are examples of non-convivial tools. Non-convivial tools require humans to become their servants, who operate them in set ways to achieve unique purposes of benefit to the tool designer.
It is easy to see that centralized systems of supply (e.g., food) and service (e.g., medical) are industrial and non-convivial, they require people to "line up" and operate them in a set fashion (e.g., through inflexible bureaucracy, and customer service telephone holds), so the system providers can minimize their costs and maximize their returns. Conversely, decentralized systems of supply and service delivery — as we envisioned earlier in our hypothetical well-planned towns — would not operate at the lowest cost physically possible per item moved, but they would enable a much richer and freer living experience to the wide variety of people who were using and paying for these systems. This is conviviality.
Economic Purpose
An economy is a man-made procedural structure integrating the operation of the financial and commercial interactions engaged in by the members of its society. Every economy, however primitive and disorganized, or sophisticated and highly organized, is an artificial and intentional construction. It is built to a purpose by people, it is not an organism arising out of nature. So, no economy is based on natural and unbreakable laws. Every economy is a game, and is rigged. Just exactly how any particular economy is rigged is the purpose of politics.
Generally, economies are recognized to serve two purposes: capitalist and socialist. The capitalist purpose is the accumulation of private profit at general expense, and the socialist purpose is the support of varieties of social and humanitarian needs at general expense.
Most national economies today have some mixture of capitalist and socialist purposes, though usually the capitalism dominates. For both, the industrial mode is more popular. Capitalist big box stores aim to maximize the profits to the owners, while socialist big box stores aim to minimize the cost to the state for distributing the goods they dispense. Similarly for capitalist and socialist service dispensaries in the industrial mode (e.g., health care).
Both capitalist and socialist economic purposes can be organized in either the industrial or convivial mode. The socialist purpose industrial mode was forcefully promoted by Stalin. As Illich wrote:
"In 1931 Stalin translated 'control over the means of production' to mean the increase of productivity by new methods used to control the producer [the subject population]… Since then a socialist policy has been considered one which serves the industrially organized productivity of a socialist country. Stalin's reinterpretation of Marxism has since then served as a form of blackmail against socialists and the left."
Fifty-three percent of the U.S. federal budget is spent on pure Stalinism, known simply as the Pentagon, a non-convivial radical monopoly used for political intimidation.
Social Security is another example of a socialist purpose within an otherwise capitalist U.S. economy, that purpose being the dignified management of the transition from taxpaying productive life for old people to their taxpayer-supported maintenance and death. Another socialist purpose proposed for the capitalist-dominated U.S. economy, but so far rejected, is that of universal health care. Publicly funded education through college and child-care are similarly as-yet rejected socialist purposes (note that socialized child-care is a way to ease the strain of industrial mode employment of women; the convivial alternative is socializing the costs of mothers caring for their own children).
Realize that all of these socialist purposes can be addressed in either an industrial or a convivial way. Too often the choice between an industrial organization or a convivial one is ascribed to either a capitalist or socialist motivation (whether as a recommendation or criticism).
This author's preference is for convivial socialism, probably because he lives in a capitalist-dominant industrial economy.
Economic Leadership
The leadership classes of the United States are disproportionately populated by white males, and also include attendant females and accepted minority individuals (tokens) who service the class-race ascendancy imperatives. The whys and wherefores of this are well known. The essential public responsibility of an economic leadership class is to be competent (and, it should go without saying, to be honest).
Economic Living Conditions
The conditions of daily life in the U.S. are noted and reported on by the journalists of ethnic minority and working class life. At this time there is an economic depression for the working class because of the collapse of the housing market and financial bubble of 2007 [The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act, which implemented the $700 billion emergency bank bailout Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), was signed into law on October 3, 2008], and because of the permanent loss of U.S. jobs outsourced to China and other minimum labor-cost economies.
The U.S. population has a capitalist utility as a market — a mass from which to extract cash and dump goods into — but this population is largely unnecessary as regards productivity (Pentagon industries excepted). Much cheaper foreign labor can produce the goods needed to absorb the retail cash from the U.S. market. How the U.S. population is supposed to get this retail cash in the first place does not seem to be a matter of concern for U.S. capitalism's economic planners.
Food, energy consumption and entertainment, often in combined forms such as "fast food," flashy oversized automobiles, giant plasma-screen home-theater systems and hand-held video-viewing telecommunications devices (telescreens aplenty), are popular retail goods. Like the soma and feelies of Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, they serve the political purpose of pacifying the U.S. population so it conforms itself to the service of the capitalist industrial mode economy that profits from them. In rural communities in California's Central Valley, Mexican-American children of farm-worker parents play with iPods in homes with dirt floors.
Decline And Expectation
The experience of economic decline is a matter of expectation. Investors in stocks, bonds, real estate and currencies might fear a decline of the U.S. economy when the productivity of foreign economies surges relative to that of the U.S. Changes of this type are the result of: continuing progress in less-developed nations, changes in labor and resource availability, the unexpected twists and turns of international politics, and the occasional influence of geophysical forces (e.g., natural disasters and climate effects).
Investors might also fear a "downturn" of their expectations if there is a serious possibility that sectors of the economy might be reorganized in a convivial fashion (meeting people's needs instead of just extracting cash from them), or worst yet become nationalized.
However, if a working class family is now covered by an industrial mode national health care plan, it could easily experience better economic conditions even if the cost of the plan actually reduced the national gross domestic product, and the economy's power relative to the international competition. That family would feel even richer if their health care were available through a convivial system of neighborhood-based physicians and clinics, even if the Wall Street Journal were to assure them that they were now living in an even weaker national economy. In reality, no wealth would be lost. Quite simply, the profit potential of investor fantasy in an industrialized mode capitalist economy would have been used to provide the people-centered national health care benefit. A potential wave of private profit, and chips for financial speculation, having been smoothed out into a rising tide of socialized benefit.
This is an evolving planet, and some can view changes in demographics as an economic decline. This is race-based thinking, something like tribalism; it is primitive, ignorant and very popular.
The fertility rate of whites is lower than that of nonwhites in the U.S., and the fertility rates of northern latitude and industrialized countries are lower than those of less-developed and tropical latitude countries. This is the glacially advancing demographic steamroller that flattened the apartheid regime of South Africa, will eventually inundate the Israeli colonial project in Palestine, and is darkening the complexion of North American and European life.
For some of the most insular and least cosmopolitan populations of white North Americans, the visible changes in the complexion of the leadership classes — still predominately white but now routinely mixed in with non-white personalities — is too jarring a reminder of their own social and economic stagnation, and they express their resentment over their own unacknowledged backwardness by a rejection of any society with nonwhite members of equal status. This in turn is voiced most honestly as simple racism (against Latinos, blacks and muslims in the U.S., and muslims and blacks in Europe), or disingenuously nuanced as anti-government sentiment, by which they mean opposition to the socialized purposes of the national economy because such socialized activity is by definition racially integrated. These are the Tea Party people.
These resentful whites, angry at the imagined loss of their assumed race-based socio-economic privileges rail about the illegal immigrants (a.k.a. Mexicans) "taking" jobs and "getting free government benefits" which they have to pay for through their taxes (this is usually just the overblown hyperbole of simple misers resenting taxation). Yet, they never seem perturbed that 53 cents of every tax dollar they hand the government goes straight to the Pentagon and funds the most wasteful and destructive subsidy on Earth, at a societal cost far beyond that actually created by undocumented immigrants.
But, these resentments grow out of fears born out of ignorance, and logical argument can do little to break through to the emotional engine driving this mindset. These people see loud, uncouth and very rich nonwhite people on their televisions; they see as their president a black man whose sophistication and intellectual attainments they will never match; in their towns and shopping malls they see Mexicans, walking in large family groups and chattering in an undecipherable lingo, and obviously spending money, where did they get it?
It all comes back to hammer the painful point home: "things aren't as I expected, I'm not special, and they're making me pay to have it this way." This mindset sees national social and economic decay in the darkened complexion of the national demographic, and harrumphs about "taking the country back." Tea Party politicians will try to actualize their faction's guiding delusion by disabling as much of the socializing purpose of the national economy as will return the country to a more racially segregated and white-favored past, without the loss of subsidies popular with white people, like Medicare and the military. In this work of social regression they will be the useful idiots of the capitalist ownership class, for whom industrialization is profit, conviviality is taxation, and socialism is expropriation.
Decline? Yes Or No For Five Factors
1) Decline of economic power? Yes.
China and India combined hold 36% of the world population (2.49B of 6.89B). The 2010 GDP third quarter growth rate for India was 8.9% and for China 9.6%. These rates are representative of their respective economies during the last three years (though all economies experienced some dip near the 2008 U.S. banking collapse). The growth of U.S. GDP during the 2010 third quarter was 2.6%, and the average U.S. growth rate over the last 15 quarters was 0.49%. The U.S. population of 311.9M is 4.5% of the world total.
If we take the GDP (in 2009 $) of India, China, the U.S. and the World ($1.31T, $4.99T, $14.12T, $58.14T) and divide each by their respective population (1.155B, 1.331B, 0.312B, 6.893B) we arrive at a productivity per capita (GDP/#) of, respectively: $1134, $3749, $45,270, $8438. Note that we are assuming that every single person in the country (and World) is a "worker" who contributes to the GDP; hardly exact but usefully indicative.
We can compare the performance of two different economies by forming ratios from pairs of GDP/#, to arrive at:
— the number (at top of the resulting fraction) of U.S. workers that produce the same absolute output ($ amount) as
— the number (at bottom of the resulting fraction) of workers from India, China, the U.S. and the World, respectively,
— as: 1/40, 1/12, 1/1, 2/11.
So, the output of one averaged U.S. worker equals that of 40 averaged Indian workers (as defined here), or 12 averaged Chinese workers; and 2 averaged U.S. workers produce as much as 11 averaged World workers.
Performing the same exercise but this time comparing India, China, the U.S. and the World to the averaged World worker, we find, respectively (World/country): 2/15, 4/9, 11/2, 1/1. So, 2 averaged World workers produce as much as 15 averaged Indian workers, 4 World to 9 Chinese, 11 World to 2 U.S. (and 1/1 for World to World).
If we assume that the third quarter 2010 growth rates remain constant, then (by simple exponential extrapolation) the Chinese economy will match the total output of the U.S. economy in 15.8 years, at $21.2T (unchanging $).
By a similar extrapolation, India's economy will match that of the U.S. in 39.9 years, at $39.4T. The estimated averaged Chinese "worker" productivity in 15.8 years will be one quarter that of the averaged U.S. worker then, and a similar calculation for Indian productivity at GDP parity yields 23% that of the U.S. in 39.9 years. (These calculations used national populations projected for 15.8 years and/or 39.9 years in the future; the projections were calculated using constant population growth rates of 1.3%, 0.5%, 0.9%, respectively, for India, China and the U.S.)
The sheer size of China's population compared to that of the U.S. means that it must inevitably outpace the U.S. economy, as long as China's productivity increases over time (and there is no revolutionary improvement in U.S. productivity). India follows the same trend but at less than half the pace.
2) Decline of economic organization? Neutral (yes and no).
The U.S. economy is as highly organized as it ever was, in its overwhelmingly dominant industrial mode. There has been no overall decline of organization, nor modal shift to conviviality (the no part).
However, there are significantly fewer industrial sectors today than existed three decades ago. The range of possible industrial production has diminished because of the permanent loss of major portions of the manufacturing base (the yes part).
In brief, civilian manufacturing industries have largely been "outsourced" to replace American labor with lower-cost foreign labor (primarily Chinese). Those portions of the domestic productivity base that have not been abandoned are strictly, even obsessively, organized along the industrial mode.
The haste, one might say panic, with which U.S. capitalist planners tossed domestic manufacturing labor overboard and walked away from domestic manufacturing physical plant suggests there has been little useful thought about the future economic impact of a swelling population of the permanently unemployed, and expanses of decaying industrial ruins (http://jalopnik.com/5110995/the-ruins-of-detroit-industry-five-former-factories).
The outsourcing gimmick has kept "the economy" (as experienced by U.S. capitalism's management, ownership and investor classes) robust and competitive (factor #1). However, the detritus of mega-capitalist "open loop" schemes of wealth generation, in this case entire industries and their skilled domestic labor populations, is just too large a burden to dump onto the public for reabsorption and regeneration, without cost to the schemers. There will have to be "taxes" on future "earnings" to help pay for the reintegration of the jettisoned industrial capacity into a new type of all-are-included domestic economy.
The political conflict at hand is between capitalist exploiters and speculators, who wish to escape paying for the waste and societal damage of their schemes, and the working class taxpaying public (most of the people), which deserves receiving sizable payment for damages caused to the commonwealth, because the people of that public will do all the work of reprocessing abandoned industrial ruins and unemployed industrial workers into a new regrouped national community, with cleaned-up reusable sites, and revitalized neighbors, colleagues and co-workers.
3) Decline of capitalism and shift to socialism? No.
It would be wonderful, but circumstances have yet to decay to the point where they batter most Americans severely enough so they question their childhood indoctrination to capitalism (think Berlin or Tokyo, 1945).
Health care is the single issue that draws most interest to socialism in the U.S. today. The pressure for socialized medical care arises out of the stresses of the industrial mode of employment and service delivery.
I suspect that most Americans (U.S.) would lose interest in socialized medicine if they had access to a convivial capitalist health care system they could afford. An individual might state it this way: "If I have to be just one of the herd in some industrial medical system, then I'd rather it were government-run and taxpayer funded. At least then I wouldn't have the added anxiety about paying for the indignity, nor even about being able to get it when I needed it. However, if I could get quick and easy access close to home anytime, and a professional to deal with the hospital for me when that was needed, I'd be happy to pay dues comparable to a swim club."
4) Decline of economic leadership? Yes.
There has been an absolute decline in the competence of economic leadership, certainly since the days of John Maynard Keynes and John Kenneth Galbraith, and especially since the onset of the Reagan Administration (and Thatcherism in England), with its rabid Chicago School ideology (e.g., Milton Friedman's "free market").
The logical terminus of Reaganomics was the bank crash of 2008, though today's economic managers remain witless before it, their minds still possessed by the free market cult. How can anyone think that the economic managers, ministers, experts and regulators, who collectively gave us the economic crisis of 2007 to the present, are competent? Unfortunately, neither these incompetents nor their Reaganomic mindset — which has eviscerated the American economy as a living experience, as opposed to an investment climate — have been swept off the scene so an authentic recovery and effective reforms can be started. Present U.S. fiscal policy is the equivalent of trying to blow air back into a burst balloon. Somewhere, Santayana's ghost is laughing.
As described earlier, from a Tea Party perspective there has been a decline of the leadership elite by virtue of demographic titration. This is really a public health problem regarding epidemic mental illness.
5) Decline of the standard of living? Yes.
This is the great theft in the U.S. during the late 20th and early 21st centuries. A specific instance is the abandonment of the American skilled industrial laborer, but the overall scheme affects every working person: the socialization of vast speculative losses and the costs of capital flight from civic responsibilities.
As long as the political problem of reintegrating the U.S. economy, so it includes all workers in an equitable sharing of economic gains, remains unsolved, even unaddressed, then the standard of living will continue to decay, and with it prospects of long term profitability even for members of the elite economic classes.
"Big capital" uses its money to forestall any political engagement on this fundamental issue, and too much of the public accepts being distracted and pacified by high-tech trinkets, toys and endless entertainment streams, to focus on the work needed for their own education in reality, and the commitment needed to organize politically in the public interest.
When a quorum of the public wakes up (Yoo Hoo! Stop watching and believing TV!) and comes together to take action, the capital interests will be forced to negotiate for their survival, and that will make it possible to actually reform the economic machinery of the country, to re-rig the game in the public's favor.
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively: yes, neutral, no, yes, yes.
The economy-as-lived by Americans has declined steadily for three decades, and sharply after 2007. This economy is in a depression now, with no indication of imminent improvement. Further decline is inevitable unless an extensive recovery scheme is implemented (think non-militarized Keynes plus significant financial reforms plus large and permanent cuts in military spending).
The economy-for-investors, which hosts financial speculation, is growing slowly. However, it is a non-convivial shell game that excludes a large population of unemployed and underemployed people, except as members of a public dump used to absorb cast-off banking corporation liabilities and environmental damage. This is politically unsustainable in the long term. An economy that produces livelihoods for everyone is needed.
The long term solution to both problems is a reorganization and reorientation (a.k.a., 're-purposing') of the U.S. economy, by dissolving and recombining the economy-as-lived and the economy-for-investors into a re-integrated whole. Of necessity, the result would have significantly more socialism and some more conviviality. A public that could accomplish this reform would understand that "lost" potential profits (which could have been had from the old economy-for-investors) would only have gone into risky and destabilizing gambling activities, and "lost" potential subsidies (like the excessive Pentagon favoritism in the old economy-as-lived) would only have gone into wasteful military adventurism and consumption. The new economy would produce living wealth.
How do we achieve this? Politics. Impossible? Remember, the barriers are all in our minds, collectively.
Originally published on 21 January 2011:
American Decline
http://www.counterpunch.org/2011/01/21/american-decline-2/
The re-posting here was prompted by the following.
"Deaths of despair" are surging in white America
https://youtu.be/56k4TCJvVZQ
This entry was posted in American society, debt relief, economic crisis, financial reform, plutocracy, political philosophy, politics, social change, social contract, social criticism, socialism and tagged capitalism, convivial, debt relief, democracy, economic reform, economics, Illich, industrial, plutocracy, political stability, social change, social contract, socialism by manuelgarciajr. Bookmark the permalink.
2 thoughts on "American Decline (continues)"
manuelgarciajr on March 26, 2017 at 5:50 pm said:
The photo shows a trace of the Hayward Fault on a wall of a building in Oakland, California.
It's easy to sucker people by mirroring their prejudices. This technique has been used to gain political power by people like Ronald Reagan, George W. Bush and Donald Trump. In today's America, Donald Trump has cast himself as the leader of the Bigots' Liberation Movement. Most of the poor dumb slobs in this movement are sincere in their bigotries, which they take as persona-defining ideologies and religion, and it is usually impossible to roust them out of their denial that they are continually being had. The Billionaire's Boys Mafia that Trump surrounds himself with, and which he is inserting deeper into the government, can also have some personal belief in their shared ideology of bigotry, but foremost in their minds is the knowledge that the official bigotry is primarily tactical. Its purpose is to generate public support from Bigot Nation, for the Billionaire Boys' Mafia schemes of plunder from the US Treasury and the common good.


The practice is in the centre of Brugg just 2 minutes on foot from SBB Bahnhof Brugg. Parking available on Stapferstrasse (parking meter). There is also parking available in the underground car park of the Neumarkt Shopping Center.


text:
Q: Use print button in modal I am designing a receipt generator for client. The client add payment receipt using add button and after they click on submit they have option to convert it to pdf or print this. However since my form contains texxt field . It not printing it properly and only outputting the filled content.I tried using window.print but its dispalying boxes as well. Not sure how to proceed. below is the code:
I used the javascript but is unable to add classes
 $('button[name="e_subPrint"]').click(function(){
    var mywindow = window.open('', 'PRINT', 'height=400,width=600');
    var html = getPrintHtml("e_print");
    mywindow.document.write(html);

    mywindow.document.close(); // necessary for IE >= 10
    mywindow.focus(); // necessary for IE >= 10*/

    mywindow.print();
    mywindow.close();

    });

    function getPrintHtml(print){
        var center = $('#'+print +' input[name="center"]').val();
        var dated = $('#'+print +' input[name="dated"]').val();
        var payment = $('#'+print +' input[name="payment"]').val();
        var studname = $('#'+print +' input[name="studname"]').val();
        var cnum = $('#'+print +' input[name="cnum"]').val();
        var pnum = $('#'+print +' input[name="pnum"]').val();
        var sum = $('#'+print +' input[name="sum"]').val();
        var amt = $('#'+print +' input[name="amt"]').val();
        var chnum = $('#'+print +' input[name="chnum"]').val();
        var chdate = $('#'+print +' input[name="chdate"]').val();
        var chbank = $('#'+print +' input[name="chbank"]').val();
        var course = $('#'+print +' input[name="course"]').val();
        var tfees = $('#'+print +' input[name="tfees"]').val();
        var sgst = $('#'+print +' input[name="sgst"]').val();
        var cgst = $('#'+print +' input[name="cgst"]').val();
        var gtotal = $('#'+print +' input[name="gtotal"]').val();

        var html = "
\n\

CENTER: 	"+center+"
\n\

DATED: 	"+dated+"
\n\

PAYMENT: 	"+payment+"
\n\

STUDENT NAME: 	"+studname+"
\n\

CONTACT NUMBER: 	"+cnum+"
\n\

PARENTAL CONTACT: 	"+pnum+"
\n\

TOTAL AMOUNT: 	"+amt+"
\n\

CHEQUE NUMBER: 	"+chnum+"
\n\

CHEQUE DATE: 	"+chdate+"
\n\

CHEQUE BANK: 	"+chbank+"
\n\

COURSE: 	"+course+"
\n\

TUITION FEES: 	"+tfees+"
\n\

SGST: 	"+sgst+"
\n\

CGST: 	"+cgst+"
\n\

GRAND TOTAL: 	"+gtotal+"
\n\
                    \n\

";

        return html;
    }
});

This the HTMl

                        <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal">×</button>

Create New Receipt

                        <form method="post" action="controller/pdf.php">

Head Office: 80 Defence Enclave Delhi-110092

                                            Tel : +91 9650499917,9650499918  web:wwww.edumentor.co.in

                                            GST No.07AACCE9830DIZS

Receipt Number:
                                            <?php
                                            $val = getReceiptNum();
                                            echo $val;
                                            ?>

                                                Centre:
                                                <input name="center" id="centre" type="text" class="form-control" name="centre">

                                                Dated:
                                                <input id="dated" name="dated" type="date" class="form-control" name="date">

                                                Payment Centre:
                                                <input name="payment" id="payment" type="text" class="form-control" name="pcentre">

                                                Student Name:
                                                <input name="studname" id="stuname" type="text" class="form-control" name="stuname">

                                                    Contact Number:
                                                    <input name="cnum" id="cnum" type="text" class="form-control" name="stucont">

                                                    Parental Contact:
                                                    <input name="pnum" id="pnum" type="text" class="form-control" name="stupcont">

                                                        Sum of Rupees(In Words)
                                                        <input name="sum" id="sum" type="text" class="form-control" name="sfees" size="30">

                                                        Total Amount :
                                                        <input name="amt" id="amt" type="number" name="snumfees" class="form-control" size="10" placeholder="Enter Amount">

                                                        Paid by:
                                                        <input id="cash" value="cash" type="radio" name="optradio">Cash
                                                        <input id="cheque" type="radio" value="cheque" name="optradio">Cheque

                                                        <input name="chnum" id="chnum" type="text" name="cheqno" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter cheque number">

                                                        <input name="chdate" id="chdate" type="date" name="cheqdate" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter cheque date">

                                                        <input name="chbank" id="chbank" type="text" name="cheqbank" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter cheque bank">

                                                        Course Name:
                                                        <input name="course" id="course" type="text" name="cname" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter Course name">

                                                        Tution Fees:
                                                        <input name="tfees" id="tfees" type="text" name="tutfees" class="form-control" readonly>

                                                        SGST:
                                                        <input name="sgst" id="sgst" type="number" name="stax" class="form-control" readonly>

                                                        CGST:
                                                        <input name="cgst" id="cgst" type="number" name="ctax" class="form-control" readonly>

                                                        Grand Total:
                                                        <input name="gtotal" readonly id="gtotal" type="number" name="gtfees" placeholder="Enter total fees" class="form-control">

Terms and Condition:

                                        1.Any fees once paid shall not be refunded under any circumstances.

                                        2.We do not disclose any personal information of student before or after the announcement of the result.

                                        3.In case the cheque bounces, the student is liable to pay ₹500/- extra and deposit whole amount in cash within next 24-48 hours.

                                        4.In case of delay of installment from the due date, penalty @ ₹250/- per day will be charged from the student.

                                        5.Tution fee inclusive of GST.

                                        6.All disputes are subject to exclusive juridsiction of Delhi Courts only.

                                        7.All cheque are to be drawn in favour of 'Edumentor Educational Services Pvt. Ltd.'

                                I agree to the above terms and conditions

                                        Parents/Student Signature

                                        Authorised Signatory

                                <input type="submit" class="btn btn-danger" name="pdf" id="pdf" value="Export To Pdf"/>
                                <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" id="btnPrint" name="subPrint">PRINT</button>
                                <button type="button" class="btn btn-default" onclick="js:window.print()">print modal content</button>
                                <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" id="submit">Submit</button>
                                <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>

                        </form>

A: Download printThis.js from the following link and include it in your html: https://github.com/jasonday/printThis/blob/0a7f799693af8a8303bf0b8df0efc80c2694af81/printThis.js
Wrap the content you want to print with the following div. Everything outside of this div will not be printed.

    ..content to print..

Call the following jquery to print all the content including the content that is not viewable. You may include your css files in an array if you have multiple css files.
$("#modalDiv").printThis({
    debug: false,
    importCSS: true,
    importStyle: true,
    printContainer: true,
    loadCSS: "../css/style.css",
    pageTitle: "My Modal",
    removeInline: false,
    printDelay: 333,
    header: null,
    formValues: true
});


Grab the kids, a picnic basket and a blanket! Come to Volunteer Park for this fun FREE event with live music, five fantastic food trucks, lawn games, free ice cream while it lasts, and more!
• Free Molly Moon's Homemade Ice Cream while it lasts!
Thank you to our generous event sponsors: Heritage Bank, Molly Moon's Homemade Ice Cream, Aegis Living on Madison, and 4Culture.
Volunteer Park Trust Events Page | Facebook Event | Event details at seattlecan.org!


text:
Persoonia cuspidifera är en tvåhjärtbladig växtart som beskrevs av L.A.S. Johnson & P.H. Weston. Persoonia cuspidifera ingår i släktet Persoonia och familjen Proteaceae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Proteaordningen
cuspidifera


"In God we trust. All others must bring data', said W. Edwards Deming, statistician, professor, author, lecturer, and consultant. But data can be interpreted to back different arguments. Consider the vast amounts of data around the mobile app industry – it can indcate both a boom and a decline, depending on what one chooses to focus on.
The app economy's future is bright, says App Annie projecting the worldwide gross consumer spend to surpass $139 billion in 2021. According to App Annie's 2016 Retrospective, worldwide downloads were up 15% year-over-year, time spent in apps was up 25%, and the revenue paid to developers increased by 40%.
Flurry Analytics says that in 2016, total time-spent in mobile apps grew by a whopping 69% year-over-year. However, this was largely driven by Social and Messaging apps a the cost of other categories.
On the flip side, Flurry also said that overall app usage is only up a moderate 11% year-over-year, compared with 58% in their 2015 report. Closer home, India's app usage is growing at 43% year-on-year with music, media and entertainment applications witnessing the biggest increase at 188%.
- Mobile represents almost 2 out of 3 digital media minutes, and mobile apps are approaching 60% of total digital time spent.
- App audiences spend 20x more time on apps than mobile web visitors.
- Mobile users spend a really high percentage of their time on their #1 most used app, and about 9 out of 10 minutes within their Top 5.
- The Top 25 mobile apps are still dominated by the largest Internet companies, with Facebook and Google owning the top of the list.
- Many of the fastest growing apps are services that improve existing real-world behaviors, such as hailing cabs, exercising and dating.
- Half of U.S. smartphone users download zero apps per month.
- Only 36% of apps are retained after one month and only 11% for a year.
- 77% of users never use an app again 72 hours after installing.
- One in Four Mobile Apps Are Abandoned After a Single Use.
A 2014 article said 34.1% of mobile app engagements last less than one minute.
According to Vision Mobile, a tiny fraction of developers – 1.6%, generate most of the app store revenue. While some top app publishers generate over $1M a day, most app publishers make less than $500 a month.
- App success is difficult but not impossible: we can safely assume that the app stores will continue to be dominated by big publishers with deep pockets. Such publishers operate in popular categories like social messaging, photography and utilities which have multiple usage everyday in large numbers.
However, it does not mean that all is lost for new or niche players in a cateogry. Small publishers can succeed as long as they follow the fundamental principles of of app development, user engagement, analytics and marketing.
- Deliver value, all else will follow: apps which augment or add value will find favour among consumers. If such an app mirrors real-world behaviour it will be an added advantage. Launching a me-too app with only visual cues as differentiator is a recipe for failure.
The differenting features must be thought through, 'designed' (as in planned) and baked into the product strategy. It calls for a deep understanding of consumer behaviour and their interactions with the product category. When we re-designed the McDelivery app we built in an option to add extras just before checkout inspired by real world behaviour of customers at offline outlets.
- Success metrics - to each his own: millions of downloads is not necessarily the only metric to chase. While app download numbers are important, not every app is meant to be used by millions. Meaningful metrics like app engagement, monthly & daily average users, time spent on the app, completion of transactions are some of the metrics app owners could focus on.
We partnered closely with a leading player in Contingency Workforce Management in the US. The app which is used by a niche audience (as it operates in the B2B space) has got rave reviews on both the App Store and Play Store. Customer feedback is just one of the many metrics app owners can use to gauge app performance.
- Getting noticed will take effort: app discovery will continue to be an issue for product owners. Though both App Store & Play Store are trying to improve discovery, getting the right audience to try the app will need focused efforts.
- Digital product experience, beyond app development: seamless customer experience across screens and devices will increasingly become the order of the day. A brand experience is not just an app which is created through a few lines of code anymore.
It is a complex process which has to ensure seamless delivery across many screens and 'moments'. It also involves architecting a system which may need to integrate with backend data. It calls for a deep understanding of all things digital – from web to iOT to wearables.
For app owners, publishers, product owners and entreprenerurs delivering a seamless, differentiated and delightful customer experience in a cluttered, digital world to a time poor audience, is more important than ever before.
Will chatbots replace traditional apps for brands?


text:
Das Naturschutzgebiet Glindetal liegt zwischen Borntosten und Marsberg im Stadtgebiet von Marsberg im Hochsauerlandkreis. Es wurde 2008 mit dem Landschaftsplan Marsberg als Naturschutzgebiets (NSG) ausgewiesen und ist 124,35 ha groß. Im NSG befindet sich die Quelle und der Lauf der Glinde bis zur Ortslage Marsberg. Vom Gelände der Siegesmühle und der K 65 wird das NSG in drei Teilflächen geteilt. Nordwestlich grenzt direkt das Naturschutzgebiet Galgenberg / Auf dem Glindschen Grund an. Östlich des NSG liegen nur durch die Landesstraße 549 getrennt drei Naturschutzgebiete. Dabei handelt es sich im Norden um das Naturschutzgebiet Hasental / Kregenberg, darunter das Naturschutzgebiet Leitmarer Felsen und Naturschutzgebiet Emmese. Westlich liegt u. a. das Landschaftsschutzgebiet Warte. Am Nordrand geht das NSG mit dem Landschaftsschutzgebiet Frohental in den Marsberger Siedlungsraum über.

Beschreibung
Beim NSG handelt es sich um den Talraum der Glinde unter Einbeziehung kleinerer Seitentälchen und unmittelbar angrenzender Hangbereiche. Die einbezogenen Nebentälchen und auch die einbezogenen Hangpartien liegen meist westlich des Tales. Während sich am Talgrund eher feuchte Bereiche finden, sind die Hangbereiche eher trocken. Zur besonderen Eigenart des Glindetales gehören auch kleine, arten- und edellaubholzreiche Kalkbuchenwaldrelikte, wie am Müllenberg. Im südlichen Talschluss und NSG-Ende nördlich von Borntosten befinden sich Kalkmagerrasen und keine typische Auen-Lebensräume. Teilweise sind diese Sonderstandorte aus alter Abgrabungstätigkeit entstanden. Das NSG ist geprägt durch ein Mosaik aus unterschiedlichen, mageren bis frischen Grünlandflächen, gegliedert von zahlreichen böschungsbegleitenden Hecken und kleinen Feldgehölzen sowie freistehenden Einzelbäumen. Neben dem hohen ökologischen Wert trägt diese landschaftliche Vielfalt auch dazu bei, dass sich das Gebiet als landschaftsästhetisch hochwertig und als charakteristischer Landschaftsausschnitt im Bereich des Roten Landes. Die Magergrünlandstandorte östlich des Galgenberges bei Obermarsberg und um den Hohen Stein bei Borntosten mit den feuchten Mähweiden im Talraum der Glinde stellen artenreiche Grünlandlebensräume dar mit einem hohen Anteil an Arten der "Roten Liste der gefährdeten Blütenpflanzen". Gleichzeitig kommt dem Gebiet erhebliche Bedeutung für hecken- und gebüschbrütende Vogelarten zu, die in z. T. hoher Brutpaardichte vertreten sind. Die Kalkmagerrasen und Magergrünlandbereiche bieten mit ihrem Blütenreichtum auf den trockenen Standorten auch einer besonders vielfältigen Insektenfauna Lebensraum. Mit seiner langgestreckten Form verbindet das NSG auch angrenzende Grünlandstandorte untereinander, was dem Artenaustausch in dieser überwiegend ackerbaulich geprägten Bereichs Marsbergs zugutekommt. Der Biotopverbund der eigentlichen Talwiesen ist lediglich im Bereich der Siegesmühle unterbrochen. Als Fremdkörper im NSG sind Fischteichanlagen und Nadelholzanpflanzungen im Raum Leitmar und Borntosten vorhanden.

Pflanzenarten im NSG
Das Landesamt für Natur, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz Nordrhein-Westfalen dokumentierte im Schutzgebiet Pflanzenarten wie Acker-Witwenblume, Ährige Teufelskralle, Aronstab, Bachbunge, Breitblättriger Thymian, Breit-Wegerich, Breitblättrige Stendelwurz, Busch-Windröschen, Bärlauch, Christophskraut, Dornige Hauhechel, Echte Schlüsselblume, Echte Brunnenkresse, Echte Nelkenwurz, Echter Baldrian, Echter Kreuzdorn, Echtes Johanniskraut, Echtes Labkraut, Echtes Springkraut, Echtes Mädesüß, Echtes Tausendgüldenkraut, Efeu, Einbeere, Fuchssches Greiskraut, Geflügelte Braunwurz, Gänseblümchen, Gelbes Sonnenröschen, Gemeiner Hohlzahn, Gewöhnliche Felsenbirne, Gewöhnliche Pestwurz, Gewöhnliche Vogelmiere, Gewöhnlicher Blutweiderich, Große Fetthenne, Große Klette, Gundermann, Heide-Nelke, Hohe Schlüsselblume, Jakobs-Greiskraut, Kleinblütige Königskerze, Kleine Bibernelle, Kleiner Klappertopf, Kleiner Odermennig, Kleiner Wiesenknopf, Kleines Habichtskraut, Knoblauchsrauke, Knolliger Hahnenfuß, Kohldistel, Leberblümchen, Magerwiesen-Margerite, Mittlerer Wegerich, Moschus-Malve, Nestwurz, Nickendes Leimkraut, Oregano, Pastinak, Purgier-Lein, Quirl-Weißwurz, Rundblättrige Glockenblume, Ruprechtskraut, Salbei-Gamander, Sanikel, Schlangen-Knöterich, Schmalblättriger Merk, Schmalblättriges Weidenröschen, Spitzlappiger Frauenmantel, Stattliches Knabenkraut, Sumpf-Storchschnabel, Sumpf-Vergissmeinnicht, Sumpf-Ziest, Vielblütige Weißwurz, Wald-Bingelkraut, Wald-Engelwurz, Wald-Erdbeere, Wald-Ziest, Waldmeister, Wasser-Minze, Wasserdarm, Wasserdost, Weiße Taubnessel, Wiesen-Bärenklau, Wiesen-Flockenblume, Wiesen-Kerbel, Wiesen-Labkraut, Wiesen-Pippau, Wiesen-Platterbse, Wiesen-Storchschnabel, Wilde Möhre, Wirbeldost, Zaun-Wicke und Zottiges Weidenröschen.

Schutzzweck des Naturschutzgebietes
Das NSG wurde zur Erhaltung eines struktur- und artenreichen Biotopkomplexes eines Wiesentales mit typischem, teilweise seltenem Arten- und Biotopinventar ausgewiesen. Ferner zur Erhaltung dieses Biotopmosaiks und seiner Verbundfunktion für die schutzbedürftigen Grünlandflächen innerhalb des Gebietes Roten Land und zur Erhaltung der besonderen Eigenart und hervorragenden Schönheit dieses Grünlandtales zwischen den Ackerflächen der Hochebene um Giershagen und den bewaldeten Abbruchkanten der östlich angrenzenden Hügelkette.

Naturschutzaktivitäten im Bereich Schlage und Glindegrund

Um den Kalkofen im Bereich Schlage des NSG ist seit 1986 der Verein für Natur- und Vogelschutz im Hochsauerlandkreis (VNV) aktiv. Um den Kalkofen liegen westlich bzw. nordwestlich Magerrasenbereiche. Nördlich befindet sich der ehemalige Steinbruch, in dem der Kalkstein für den Kalkofen gebrochen wurde. Der Bereich war 1986 bereits stark verbuscht bzw. mit Bäumen bestanden. Der Bereich des Kalkofens wurde 1986 zunächst vom VNV an gepachtet und 2013 gekauft. 2014 und 2015 wurden nördlich angrenzend und außerhalb des NSG im Landschaftsschutzgebiet Freiflächen um Giershagen fünf flachgründige und steinige Ackerparzellen und östlich eine ehemalige Weide angekauft. 2016 wurde im NSG südlich und westlich direkt an den Kalkofenbereich je eine Weide vom Land NRW angekauft.

In den 1980er Jahren wurde der Steinbruch am Kalkofen bei Arbeitseinsätzen des VNV von einer illegalen Müllkippe befreit. Seit Mitte der 1990er Jahre werden Magerrasenbereiche gemäht. In mehreren Arbeitseinsätzen wurden Haselnusssträucher und Zitterpappeln entfernt. Im Winter 2014/15 wurden Bäume auf dem Kalkofen entfernt, da diese durch ihr Gewicht den Kalkofen zu Einsturz zu bringen drohten.

Der Ackerbereich war in den 1980er Jahren im Ackerrandstreifen-Programm des Landes NRW. Nach Ende des Programms Ende der 1980er Jahre wurde der Acker konventionell bewirtschaftet. Seit 2015 gibt es auf dem VNV-Acker zum Kalkofen hin wieder einen Ackerrandstreifen. Der Ackerrandstreifen wird nicht mehr gedüngt und mit Pestiziden behandelt. Das Getreide wird nur in einem zweireihigen Abstand besät. So gelangt mehr Licht auf den Ackerboden und Ackerwildkräuter werden gefördert. Dem Pächter wird vom VNV der Pachtpreis erlassen um seinen Nutzungsausfall zu ersetzen. Im Acker wurden früher Ackerunkräuter wie Acker-Lichtnelke, Acker-Wachtelweizen und Acker-Steinsame nachgewiesen. Im Herbst 2018 wurde erstmals seit vielen Jahren, nach Vereinbarung mit dem Landwirt, welcher die Äcker gepachtet hat, wieder Wintergetreide auf den angekauften Äckern angebaut. 2019 konnten dann über fünfzig verschiedene Ackerwildkräuterarten (Segetalpflanzen) nachgewiesen werden. Darunter waren extrem seltene Arten wie Sommer-Adonisröschen und Acker-Hundskamille. Mit der Rundblättriges Hasenohr wurde sogar eine vorher ausgestorbene geglaubte Art entdeckt.

Auch im Bereich Glindegrund des NSG besitzt der VNV eine größere Fläche, welche mit vereinseigenen Rotem Höhenvieh beweidet werden. Der VNV führt immer wieder Arbeitseinsätze im NSG durch. Insbesondere wurden Zäune gebaut und Schwarzdorn mit dem Freischneider gemäht.

Siehe auch
 Liste der Naturschutzgebiete im Hochsauerlandkreis

Literatur
 Hochsauerlandkreis – Untere Landschaftsbehörde: Landschaftsplan Marsberg (PDF; 1,2 MB). Meschede 2008.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Glindetal