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American Express Swings Andy Murray Back To Wimbledon With Multi-Platform Effort
Tuesday, June 18, 2019 at 12:25AM
NYSJ Sports-Entertainment Business News Service
June 17, 2019: Andy Murray is returning to Wimbledon, perhaps not on the court put certainly as part of American Express' multi-platform takeover as the official payment partner for the tennis Grand Slam.
American Express, which last year signed a pact with The All England Lawn Tennis Club, has now added Murray, who becomes a global brand ambassador under a multi-year deal.
Murray, a three-time Grand Slam winner — Wimbledon twice (2013, 2016) and the U.S. Open (2012) — has not played since the Australian Open and then undergoing hip surgery this past January.
He announced his retirement from the pro circuit at that time, but has since changed his stance.
He plans to compete this week in the Queen's Club Fever-Tree Championships doubles, an annual tournament part of the ATP World Tour 500 series played on grass courts in the Queen's Club, West Kensington, London.
A decision regarding Wimbledon, held July 1-14, would follow.
With American Express, Murray will have a significant presence at the event.
"We're proud to be a partner of Wimbledon this year and bring Andy Murray on board as our newest American Express ambassador," Deborah Curtis, vp-global experiences and partnerships for American Express, said via the company.
"Our partnership with Wimbledon is an important example of how we're backing customers and tennis fans around the globe with unique experiences and benefits."
Curtis said the partnership would be supported by a 360-degree marketing campaign that "highlights the many advantages of being an American Express Card Member at The Championships and delivers an enhanced event experience for Card Members that reflects the best of our brand."
Murray will be featured in a multi-media effort scheduled to break this week "reminding fans to bring their American Express card to unlock a unique experience at Wimbledon.:
The effort includes TV, digital, social media and outdoor at key transport hubs for Wimbledon and along routes to the event, such as bus and taxi wraps,
The creative falls under American Express' global brand platform, "Powerful Backing: Don't Do Business/Live Life Without It," with the specific tag line, "Don't Wimbledon Without It."
In addition to focusing on the options American Express will offer at Wimbledon, the campaign will put a spotlight on the "unsung heroes of Wimbledon who back the players and help Wimbledon to thrive, from the ball boys and girls to the dedicated ground staff."
On-site, American Express will unveil "Fan Experience" along with a range of on-site benefits for card members attending the event, with additional benefits off the grounds for small merchants and American Express corporate clients.
As part of Fan Experience, people can take part in 'Champion's Rally', an immersive virtual reality challenge that gives them an opportunity to practice on Centre Court alongside Murray.
According to Murray, "I'm excited to be working with American Express ahead of my return to the tour.
"I had good fun working on Champion's Rally and I'm looking forward to seeing everyone have a go on Centre Court — so long as they don't beat my score."
tagged American Express, Andy Murray, Wimbledon, sports marketing, tennis in Tennis Print Article Email Article


text:
A treasure trove is an amount of money or coin, gold, silver, plate, or bullion found hidden underground or in places such as cellars or attics, where the treasure seems old enough for it to be presumed that the true owner is dead and the heirs undiscoverable. An archaeological find of treasure trove is known as a hoard. The legal definition of what constitutes treasure trove and its treatment under law vary considerably from country to country, and from era to era.

The term is also often used metaphorically. Collections of articles published as a book are often titled Treasure Trove, as in A Treasure Trove of Science. This was especially fashionable for titles of children's books in the early- and mid-20th century.

Terminology
Treasure trove, sometimes rendered treasure-trove, literally means "treasure that has been found". The English term treasure trove was derived from tresor trové, the Anglo-French equivalent of the Latin legal term thesaurus inventus. In 15th-century English the Anglo-French term was translated as "treasure found", but from the 16th century it began appearing in its modern form with the French word trové anglicized as trovey, trouve or trove. The term wealth deposit has been proposed as a more accurate alternative.

The term treasure trove is often used metaphorically to mean a "valuable find", and hence a source of treasure, or a reserve or repository of valuable things. Trove is often used alone to refer to the concept, the word having been reanalysed as a noun via folk etymology from an original Anglo-French adjective trové (cognate to the French past participle trouvé, literally "found"). Treasure trove is therefore akin to similar Anglo-French or Anglo-French-derived legal terms whereby a post-positive adjective in a noun phrase (contrary to standard English syntax) has been reanalysed as a compound noun phrase, as in court martial, force majeure, and Princess Royal. Phrases of this form are often used either with the etymologically correct plural form (for example, "Courts-martial deal with serious offences ...") or as fully rederived plural forms (such as "... ordering court-martials ..."). In the case of treasure trove, the typical plural form is almost always treasure troves, with treasures trove found mostly in historical or literary works.

History

Roman law
In Roman law, treasure trove was called thesaurus ("treasure" in Latin), and defined by the Roman jurist Paulus as "vetus quædam depositio pecuniæ, cujus non extat memoria, ut jam dominum non habeat" (an ancient deposit of money, of which no memory exists, so that it has no present owner). R. W. Lee, in his book The Elements of Roman Law (4th ed., 1956), commented that this definition was "not quite satisfactory" as treasure was not confined to money, nor was there any abandonment of ownership. Under the emperors, if treasure was found on a person's own land or on sacred or religious land, the finder was entitled to keep it. However, if the treasure was found fortuitously, and not by deliberate search, on another person's land, half went to the finder and half to the owner of the land, who might be the emperor, the fiscus (public treasury), the city, or some other proprietor. According to Dutch jurist Hugo Grotius (1583–1645), as the feudal system spread over Europe and the prince was looked on as the ultimate owner of all lands, his right to the treasure trove became jus commune et quasi gentium (a common and quasi-international right) in England, Germany, France, Spain and Denmark.

An interpretation of Roman law regarding treasure trove makes an appearance in the 13th chapter of the Gospel of Matthew. The Parable of the Hidden Treasure is told by Jesus of Nazareth to the crowds surrounding him and his disciples. In the parable, the treasure trove is hidden in a field, which is open country and anyone could conceivably discover something hidden in that location. It is also assumed that the present owner has no knowledge or memory of the treasure. The finder of the treasure concealed the discovery until he could raise capital to purchase the land. Selling all he had, the finder purchased the land and then unearthed the treasure, to which he was entitled as both finder and landowner. Jesus compared the kingdom of Heaven to the treasure, being of greater value than all a person's earthly wealth and a wise investment that not everyone understands at first.

England and Wales common law
It has been said that the concept of treasure trove in English law dates back to the time of Edward the Confessor (–1066). Under the common law, treasure trove was defined as gold or silver in any form, whether coin, plate (gold or silver vessels or utensils) or bullion (a lump of gold or silver), which had been hidden and rediscovered, and which no person could prove he or she owned. If the person who had hidden the treasure was known or discovered later, it belonged to him or her or persons claiming through him or her such as descendants. To be treasure trove, an object had to be substantially – that is, more than 50% – gold or silver.

Treasure trove had to be hidden with animus revocandi, that is, an intention to recover it later. If an object was simply lost or abandoned (for instance, scattered on the surface of the earth or in the sea), it belonged either to the first person who found it or to the landowner according to the law of finders, that is, legal principles concerning the finding of objects. For this reason, the objects found in 1939 at Sutton Hoo were determined not to be treasure trove; as the objects were part of a ship burial, there had been no intention to recover the buried objects later. The Crown had a prerogative right to treasure trove, and if the circumstances under which an object was found raised a prima facie presumption that it had been hidden, it belonged to the Crown unless someone else could show a better title to it. The Crown could grant its right to treasure trove to any person in the form of a franchise.

It was the duty of the finder, and indeed of anyone who had acquired knowledge of the matter, to report the finding of a potential treasure trove to the coroner of the district. Concealing a find was a misdemeanour punishable with fine and imprisonment. The coroner was required to hold an inquest with a jury to determine who were the finders or the persons suspected to be the finders, "and that may be well perceived where one liveth riotously and have done so of long time". Where there had been an apparent concealment of treasure trove the coroner's jury could investigate the title of the treasure to discover if it had been concealed from the supposed owner, but any such finding was not conclusive as the coroner generally had no jurisdiction to enquire into questions of title to the treasure between the Crown and any other claimant. If a person wished to assert title to the treasure, he or she had to bring separate court proceedings.

In the early 20th century, it became the practice of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury to pay those finders who fully and promptly reported discoveries of treasure troves and handed them over to the proper authorities, the full antiquarian value of objects which were retained for national or other institutions such as museums. Objects not retained were returned to the finders.

The law regarding treasure trove was amended in 1996 so that these principles no longer hold (see § Present-day legal definitions: England, Northern Ireland, and Wales below).

Scottish common law
Under the common law of Scotland, the law of treasure trove was and still is a specialized application of the general rule governing bona vacantia ("vacant goods") – that is, objects that are lost, forgotten or abandoned. The rule is quod nullius est fit domini regis: "that which belongs to nobody becomes our Lord the King's [or Queen's]". The Crown in Scotland has a prerogative right to treasure trove for it is one of the regalia minora ("minor things of the king"), that is, property rights which the Crown may exercise as it pleases and which it may alienate (transfer to another party). As the Scottish law of treasure trove on the matter has not changed, it is discussed in the "Present-day legal definitions" section below, under the subheading "Scotland".

United States law
Many states in the U.S. enacted statutes that received English common law into their legal systems. For example, in 1863 the legislature of Idaho enacted a statute that made "the common law of England ... the rule of decision in all courts" of the state. However, English common law principles of treasure trove were not applied in the U.S. Instead, courts applied rules relating to the finding of lost and ownerless items. The treasure trove rule was first given serious consideration by the Oregon Supreme Court in 1904 in a case involving boys who had discovered thousands of dollars in gold coins hidden in metal cans while cleaning out a henhouse. The Court wrongly believed that the rule operated in the same way as early rules that awarded possession – and, effectively, legal title as well – to innocent finders of items that had been hidden or concealed and the owners of which were unknown. By awarding the coins to the boys, the Court implied that finders were entitled to buried valuables, and that any claims by landowners should be disregarded.

In subsequent years the legal position became unclear as a series of English and American cases decided that landowners were entitled to buried valuables. The Maine Supreme Judicial Court reconsidered the rule in 1908. The case before it involved three workers who had found coins while digging on their employer's land. The Court decided along the lines of the 1904 Oregon case and awarded the coins to the finders. For the next 30 years, the courts of a number of states, including Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Ohio and Wisconsin, applied this modified "treasure trove" rule, most recently in 1948. Since that time, however, the rule has fallen out of favour. Modern legal texts regard it as "a recognized, if not controlling, rule of decision", but one commentator has called it "a minority rule of dubious heritage that was misunderstood and misapplied in a few states between 1904 and 1948".

Present-day legal definitions

United Kingdom

England, Northern Ireland, and Wales

Throughout the ages, farmers, archaeologists and amateur treasure hunters have unearthed important treasures of immense historical, scientific and financial value. However, the strictness of the common law rules meant that such items were sometimes not treasure trove. The items risked being sold abroad, or were only saved for the nation by being purchased at a high price. Mention has already been made of the objects comprising the Sutton Hoo ship burial, which were not treasure trove as they had been interred without any intention to retrieve them. The objects were later presented to the nation by their owner, Edith May Pretty, in a 1942 bequest. In March 1973, a hoard of about 7,811 Roman coins was found buried in a field at Coleby in Lincolnshire. It was made up of antoniniani believed to have been minted between AD 253 and 281. The Court of Appeal of England and Wales held in the 1981 case of Attorney-General of the Duchy of Lancaster v. G.E. Overton (Farms) Ltd. that the hoard was not treasure trove as the coins were bronze and did not have a substantial silver content. Thus, it belonged to the owner of the field and could not be retained by the British Museum.

To remedy the faults of the old treasure trove regime, the Treasure Act 1996 introduced a new scheme which came into effect on 24 September 1997. Any treasure found on and after that date regardless of the circumstances in which it was deposited, even if it was lost or left with no intention of recovery, belongs to the Crown, subject to any prior interests or rights held by any franchisee of the Crown. The Secretary of State (currently meaning the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport) may direct that any such treasure be transferred or disposed of, or that the Crown's title in it be disclaimed.

The Act uses the term treasure instead of treasure trove; the latter term is now confined to objects found before the Act came into force. Objects falling within the following definition are "treasure" under the Act:

If the object is not a coin, it must be at least 300 years old and at least 10% precious metal (that is, gold or silver) by weight.
If the object is a coin, it must either be:
one of at least two coins in the same find which are at least 300 years old at that time and are at least 10% precious metal by weight; or
one of at least ten coins in the same find which are at least 300 years old at that time.
Any object at least 200 years old when found which belongs to a class of objects of outstanding historical, archaeological or cultural importance that has been designated as treasure by the Secretary of State. As of 2006, the following classes of objects had been so designated:
Any object, other than a coin, any part of which is base metal (that is, not gold or silver), which when found is one of at least two base metal objects in the same find which are of prehistoric date.
Any object, other than a coin, which is of prehistoric date, and any part of which is gold or silver.
Any object which would have been treasure trove if found before 24 September 1997.
Any object which, when found, is part of the same find as:
an object within head (1), (2), (3) or (4) above found at the same time or earlier; or
an object found earlier which would be within head (1), (2) or (3) above if it had been found at the same time.

Treasure does not include unworked natural objects, or minerals extracted from a natural deposit, or objects that have been designated not to be treasure by the Secretary of State. Objects falling within the definition of wreck are also not treasure.

Coroners continue to have jurisdiction to enquire into any treasure found in their districts, and into who are or are suspected to be its finders. Anyone finding an object he or she believes or has reasonable grounds to believe is treasure must notify the coroner for the district in which the object is found within 14 days starting from the day after the find or, if later, the day on which the finder first believes or has reason to believe the object is treasure. Not doing so is an offence. Inquests are held without a jury unless the coroner decides otherwise. The coroner must notify the British Museum if his or her district is in England, the Department of the Environment if it is in Northern Ireland, or the National Museum Wales if it is in Wales. The coroner must also take reasonable steps to notify any person who appears may have found the treasure; any person who, at the time it was found, occupied land which it appears may be where the treasure was found; and any other interested persons, including persons involved in the find or having an interest in the land where the treasure was found at that time or since. However, coroners still have no power to make any legal determination as to whether the finder, landowner or occupier of the land has title to the treasure. The courts have to resolve that issue, and may also review coroners' decisions in relation to treasure.

When treasure has vested in the Crown and is to be transferred to a museum, the Secretary of State is required to determine whether a reward should be paid by the museum before the transfer to the finder or any other person involved in the finding of the treasure, the occupier of the land at the time of the find, or any person who had an interest in the land at the time of the find or has had such an interest at any time since then. If the Secretary of State determines that a reward should be paid, he or she must also determine the market value of the treasure (assisted by the Treasure Valuation Committee), the amount of the reward (which cannot exceed the market value), to whom the reward should be paid and, if more than one person should be paid, how much each person should receive.

In England and Wales, finders of objects that are not treasure or treasure trove are encouraged to voluntarily report them under the Portable Antiquities Scheme to finds liaison officers at county councils and local museums. Under the scheme, which started in September 1997, the officers examine finds and provide finders with information on them. They also record the finds, their functions, dates, materials and locations, and place this information into a database which can be analysed. The information on the findspots may be used to organize further research on the areas. Non-treasure finds remain the property of their finders or landowners, who are free to dispose of them as they wish.

On 5 July 2009 the largest single Anglo-Saxon hoard as of that date, consisting of over 1,500 gold and precious metal pieces, helmets and sword decorations tentatively dated to around AD 600–800, was discovered by Terry Herbert in Staffordshire, England. Herbert reported the find to his local Portable Antiquities Scheme officer, and on 24 September 2009 it was declared to be treasure by the South Staffordshire coroner.

In 2019 two metal detectorists, Lisa Grace and Adam Staples, discovered a hoard of 2,528 silver coins spanning the Norman Conquest of 1066. Around half the silver coins depicted the defeated Harold II and half depicted the victorious William the Conqueror. A small number of the coins were 'mule' coins with designs from both reigns, believed to have been the product of early tax evasion, where the minters failed to purchase the up to date die. As at August 28, 2019, the Avon Coroner is yet to rule on the find. The hoard has been described as extremely significant by experts, including the curator of medieval coinage at the British Museum. Avon and Somerset council has expressed a desire to obtain the collection for display in Bath, if it is declared treasure.

Scotland
The Treasure Act 1996 does not apply in Scotland, where treasure trove is dealt with under the common law of Scotland. The general rule that governs bona vacantia ("vacant goods")—that is, objects that are lost, forgotten or abandoned—is quod nullius est fit domini regis ("that which belongs to nobody becomes our lord the king's [or queen's]"), and the law of treasure trove is a specialized application of that rule. As in England, the Crown in Scotland has a prerogative right to treasure trove for it is one of the regalia minora ("minor things of the king"), that is, property rights which the Crown may exercise as it pleases and which it may alienate (transfer to another party).

To qualify as treasure trove, an object must be precious, it must be hidden, and there must be no proof of its property or reasonable presumption of its former ownership. Unlike under English common law, treasure is not restricted to only gold and silver objects. In 1888 a prehistoric jet necklace and some other articles found in Forfarshire were claimed by the authorities though they were neither gold nor silver. A compromise was eventually reached, and the find was deposited in the National Museum of Scotland. In July 1958, a porpoise bone was found together with 28 other objects of silver alloy (12 brooches, seven bowls, a hanging bowl and other small metal work) underneath a stone slab marked with a cross on the floor of St. Ninian's Church on St. Ninian's Isle in Shetland. The objects were dated to c. AD 800. A dispute having arisen over ownership of the objects between the Crown on the one hand, and the finder (the University of Aberdeen, which had carried out the archaeological excavation) and the landowner on the other, in Lord Advocate v. University of Aberdeen (1963) the Court of Session held that the bone should be regarded as treasure trove together with the silver objects. Further, the requirement that an object must be "hidden" means no more than that it must be concealed; it refers to the condition in which the object was found and does not refer back to the intention which the owner of the object may have had in hiding it. Finally, the requirement that there must be no reasonable presumption of former ownership means that it must not be possible to trace the ownership of the object to a person or family currently existing. Even if an object does not qualify as treasure trove, it may be claimed by the Crown as bona vacantia.

The King's and Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer (KLTR), an office held by the Crown Agent who is the senior officer of the Crown Office in Scotland, is responsible for claiming bona vacantia on behalf of the Crown in Scotland. Finders of items are required to report such finds to the Crown Office or to the Treasure Trove Unit (TTU) at the National Museums of Scotland in Edinburgh. Each find is assessed by the Scottish Archaeological Finds Allocation Panel, which recommends if the find should be claimed. If it is, the matter is referred by the TTU to the KLTR department at the Crown Office, which will inform the finder that it has accepted the Panel's recommendation to claim the objects in the find as treasure trove or bona vacantia.

The Panel also recommends to the KLTR a reward for the find based on its current market value where appropriate, and the most appropriate museum in Scotland to allocate it to. The TTU then contacts all museums which have bid for finds to advise them of the Panel's recommendations. The museums have 14 days in which to accept or reject the proposed allocation and reward for the find. If the KLTR accepts the Panel's recommendations, it will notify the finder of the amount of any reward being paid and the museum to which the find has been allocated. The KLTR also asks the museum to pay the finder's reward.

While a Treasury order of 1886 made provision for the preservation of suitable objects in various national museums and payment of rewards to their finders, the Crown is under no legal obligation to offer any rewards for treasure trove objects it has claimed. However, it usually does so, using the objects' market price as a guide. A reward may be withheld or reduced if the finder has inappropriately handled an object, for instance, damaged it by cleaning it or applying waxes and varnishes to it. Finders may elect to waive their rewards. Rewards are not paid for finds occurring during organized fieldwork.

United States

State laws
The law of treasure trove in the United States varies from state to state, but certain general conclusions may be drawn. To be treasure trove, an object must be of gold or silver. Paper money is also deemed to be treasure trove since it previously represented gold or silver. On the same reasoning, it might be imagined that coins and tokens in metals other than gold or silver are also included, but this has yet to be clearly established. The object must have been concealed for long enough so it is unlikely that the true owner will reappear to claim it. The consensus appears to be that the object must be at least a few decades old.

A majority of state courts, including those of Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, New York, Ohio, Oregon and Wisconsin, have ruled that the finder of treasure trove is entitled to it. The theory is that the English monarch's claim to treasure trove was based on a statutory enactment which replaced the finder's original right. When this statute was not re-enacted in the United States after its independence, the right to treasure trove reverted to the finder.

In Idaho and Tennessee courts have decided that treasure trove belongs to the owner of the place where it was found, the rationale being to avoid rewarding trespassers. In one Pennsylvania case, a lower court ruled that the common law did not vest treasure trove in the finder but in the sovereign, and awarded a find of US$92,800 cash to the state. However, this judgment was reversed by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania on the basis that it had not yet been decided if the law of treasure trove was part of Pennsylvania law. The Supreme Court deliberately refrained from deciding the issue.

Finds of money and lost property are dealt with by other states through legislation. These statutes usually require finders to report their finds to the police and transfer to their custody the objects. The police then advertise the finds to try to locate their true owner. If the objects remain unclaimed for a specified period of time, title in them vests in the finders. New Jersey vests buried or hidden property in the landowner, Indiana in the county, Vermont in the town, and Maine in the township and the finder equally. In Louisiana, French codes have been followed, so half of a found object goes to the finder and the other half to the landowner. The position in Puerto Rico, the laws of which are based on civil law, is similar.

Finders who are trespassers generally lose all their rights to finds, unless the trespass is regarded as "technical or trivial".

Where the finder is an employee, most cases hold that the find should be awarded to the employer if it has a heightened legal obligation to take care of its customers' property, otherwise it should go to the employee. A find occurring in a bank is generally awarded to the bank as the owner is likely to have been a bank customer and the bank has a fiduciary duty to try to reunite lost property with their owners. For similar reasons, common carriers are preferred to passengers and hotels to guests (but only where finds occur in guest rooms, not common areas). The view has been taken that such a rule is suitable for recently misplaced objects as it provides the best chance for them to be reunited with their owners. However, it effectively delivers title of old artefacts to landowners, since the older an object is, the less likely it is that the original depositor will return to claim it. The rule is therefore of little or no relevance to objects of archaeological value.

Due to the potential for a conflict of interest, police officers and other persons working in law enforcement occupations, and armed forces are not entitled to finds in some states.

Federal law
U.S. Federal laws governing recovery of treasure are governed by the Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979, Under ARPA, "archaeological resources" more than one hundred years old on public lands belong to the government. The term "archaeological resource" means any material remains of past human life or activities which are "of archaeological interest", as determined by federal regulations. Such regulations include, but are not limited to: pottery, basketry, bottles, weapons, weapon projectiles, tools, structures or portions of structures, pit houses, rock paintings, rock carvings, intaglios, graves, human skeletal materials, or any portion or piece of any of the foregoing items. The definition of "archaeological resource" and "archaeological interest" has been broadly interpreted under U.S. agency regulations in recent years to include nearly anything of human origin more than 100 years old, while permits to allow recovery of such items have been largely restricted to digs by credentialed archaeologists. The effect of ARPA as currently defined by federal regulations outlaws virtually all treasure hunting of items more than 100 years old, even treasure troves of gold and silver coin or scrip, under penalty of total forfeiture. Furthermore, the Federal policy against spoliation and removal of "archaeological resources" of any type from federal or Indian lands, even coins and scrip less than 100 years old, means it is unlikely that a finder of gold or silver coinage on Federal lands will prevail with an argument that the find constitutes a treasure trove of coinage, but rather "embedded property" that belongs to the property owner, i.e. the government. The broad use of ARPA to target not only archaeological looting but also to prohibit all treasure hunting on federal or Indian lands has been criticized on the grounds that total prohibition and forfeiture simply encourages concealment or misrepresentation of the age of the found coinage or treasure trove, thus hampering archaeological research, as archaeologists cannot study items that when found will never be reported.

See also
Geocaching
Gold coin
Hoard
Lost, mislaid, and abandoned property
Silver coin
Treasure Valuation Committee

Notes

References

General
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.
, paras. 1077–1100.
.
, paras. 1161–1163.
, paras. 1039–1040.

Cases
Attorney-General v. Moore [1893] 1 Ch. 676
Attorney-General v. Trustees of the British Museum [1903] 2 Ch. 598
Attorney-General of the Duchy of Lancaster v. G.E. Overton (Farms) Ltd. [1982] Ch. 277, C.A.
Lord Advocate v. University of Aberdeen 1963. S.C. 533
R. v. Thomas & Willett (1863) Le. & Ca. 313, 12 W.R. 108

Attribution:

Further reading

Articles

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Books

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External links

Official website of the UK Department for Culture, Media and Sport on the Treasure Act 1996

Personal property law of the United Kingdom
Personal property law of the United States
Roman law
 Treasure trove
Legal concepts

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


New Delhi, Jan 3 () The government Thursday said it has augmented the supply of coal to power plants to meet the country's energy demands.
The development assumes significance as Karnataka Chief Minister H D Kumaraswamy recently met Coal Minister Piyush Goyal and demanded the Centre to ensure immediate supply of coal to Raichur Thermal Power Station.
"Ministry of Coal has increased the coal stock and coal supply to power plants to meet the energy demands in the country," the coal ministry said in a statement.
The coal stock in power plants as on December 31, 2018, was 16.60 million tonnes (MT) as compared with 13.20 MT on December 31, 2017, showing an increase of around 25 per cent.
As on December 31, 2018, the number of power plants in the critical/super-critical category was nine, compared with 13 on December 31, 2017.
"The coal stock in power plants on December 31, 2018, was sufficient for 10 days as compared to the coal stock in power plants on December 31, 2017, which was sufficient for nine days," it said.


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  let(:chef_run) do
    ChefSpec::Runner.new(platform: 'centos', version: '6.4') do |node|
      node.set['rackspace_postfix']['conf_dir'] = '/etc/postfix'
    end.converge(described_recipe)
  end

  before do
    stub_command('/usr/bin/test /etc/alternatives/mta -ef /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix').and_return(true)
  end

  it 'creates /etc/postfix/main.cf from template with attributes' do
    expect(chef_run).to create_template('/etc/postfix/main.cf').with(
      user: 'root',
      group: 'root'
    )
  end

  it 'creates /etc/postfix/master.cf from template with attributes' do
    expect(chef_run).to create_template('/etc/postfix/master.cf').with(
      user: 'root',
      group: 'root'
    )
  end

  it 'ensure postfix is enabled' do
    expect(chef_run).to enable_service('postfix')
  end

  it 'ensure postfix is started' do
    expect(chef_run).to start_service('postfix')
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This is your unique opportunity to own a physical copy of the dynamic virtuosity of the combined forces of Acacia Quartet and Matt Withers in this dazzling collaboration.
Imaginations: Matt Withers & Acacia Quartet will bring you a collection of the most exciting Australian works for the fusion of classical guitar and string quartet on a double album.
Featuring the winning works of the 2018 Matt Withers Australian Music Composition Competition (Wade Gregory, Rick Alexander & Nava Ryan) plus works Richard Charlton, Robert Davidson and the late Phillip Houghton: three of Australia's most respected composers whose music will surely inspire, move and entertain.
The 'Imaginations' double album will also include premiere recordings of Robert Davidson's solo guitar work Forest, Gordon Kerry's String Quartet No. 5, Moya Henderson's Kudikynah Cave and a recording of Nick Wales' Harbour Light.
The album combines the visual stimulus of art with the soundscape of the very best of new Australian music.
Be transported by the colours and textures of the aural and optical delight featured on the two albums as the music conjures imagery depicting landscapes and seascapes, from trees to oceans.
Prices include postage within Australia. For international postage, please also purchase the International Postage item below.
Enjoy this double Album of the very best of Australian music for guitar and string quartet. Featured across Australia on four major radio stations as CD of the Week as well as on Virgin Australia In Flight Entertainment.
Though the music will be available on your favourite online platform, if you don't use physical CDs anymore, we call on the support of our fans to consider contributing towards the creation of the album so that we can bring it to the hearts and ears of music lovers everywhere.
Would you like to make a donation of another figure? Tax deductible donations can be arranged.


text:
Curtis Bean Dall (October 24, 1896 – June 28, 1991) was an American stockbroker, Vice-Presidential candidate, author, and the first husband of Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, daughter of Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Eleanor Roosevelt.

Life and career
Curtis Bean Dall was born in New York City, the son of Charles Austin and Mary (Bean) Dall, and grew up on a farm in Piscataway, New Jersey. He attended Princeton University, and became a stockbroker. He married Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, daughter of Franklin D. Roosevelt and Eleanor Roosevelt, in 1926. Since Dall was prominent in Wall Street circles, his relationship with his in-laws was tense, but he wrote that he always got along well with FDR. The Dalls had two children—Anna Roosevelt Dall ("Sistie", born 1927) and Curtis Roosevelt Dall ("Buzzie", born 1930). Curtis and Anna Roosevelt Dall were divorced in July 1934.

In World War I, Dall was commissioned an ensign in naval aviation and served in France, witnessing President Woodrow Wilson's arrival in Brest. In World War II, Colonel Dall served stateside in Army Air Forces staff positions. Although initially attempting to be loyal to the Roosevelt White House, irreconcilable philosophical and temperamental differences soon became apparent. By the time FDR became president, Anna already wanted to end the marriage, but due to image concerns agreed to allow brother Elliott Roosevelt to get "the first White House divorce" in 1933. Afterwards Dall was allowed limited contact with the Roosevelt family and Anna's two children with him. After the war, Dall moved to Texas and gradually became involved with right-wing fringe elements.

Curtis Dall is most well known in recent times for his book F.D.R.: My Exploited Father-in-Law, in which he speaks of his ex-father-in-law, and his relationship with, as he saw them, the corrupt power of the banking elite of the time. In reference to the Great Depression of the 1930s he states: "Actually it was the calculated 'shearing' of the public by the World Money-Powers, triggered by the planned sudden shortage of the supply of call money in the New York money market."

Dall's short memoir adds little to the history of the New Deal and skips over his relationship with Anna. Eleanor Roosevelt's and Anna's correspondence reveals that they loathed Dall, who admitted to be on acerbic terms with Louis Howe and other FDR advisers. The subtitle, My Exploited Father-in-Law, refers to Dall's belief that sinister forces, represented in part by Howe, Bernard Baruch, Louis Brandeis, Felix Frankfurter, and Henry Morgenthau, manipulated FDR in the service of the "Godless Dictatorship" of the "One-Money-One-World-Super State".

Dall became convinced that an evil global conspiracy, which he traced back to the Illuminati, secretly controlled history for its own enrichment. He wrote: "I have depicted the "Goliath," here, and I have fashioned "A Stone for Goliath," as it were...Behold it: the Federal Reserve Board with its shadowy new international counterparts, the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), Prince Bernhard's farflung Bilderberg Group and lastly their discredited stooge, the self-described United Nations."

Dall's memoir contains historically interesting details of his conversations with Commander George Earle, who while serving in Istanbul in 1943 attempted to negotiate a separate peace with Germany's Wilhelm Canaris and Franz von Papen; and with Admiral Husband Kimmel, who believed he was deliberately set up by the White House at Pearl Harbor.

Dall was the chairman of the board of the Amalgamated Broadcasting System.

Dall became involved with the "racist Right's ill-fated efforts at forming a third party" in 1960, when the Texas-based Constitution Party put-up retired Marine Corps Brigadier General Merritt B. Curtis for president, and Dall for vice-president.

In 1968, his name was filed for the New Hampshire primary. He was then a member of the Christian Crusade National Advisory Board and Chairman of "Liberty Lobby" Board of Policy. In 1971, he was Chairman of the Liberty Lobby.

He died in Arlington, Virginia in 1991, aged 94.

Bibliography

Books
 F.D.R.: My Exploited Father-in-Law. Tulsa, Oklahoma: Christian Crusade Publications, 1967. .
 Amerikas Kriegspolitik – Roosevelt und seine Hintermänner. Tübingen, Germany: Grabert Verlag, 1972. .
 Who Controls our Nation's Federal Policies — and Why? Torrance, California: Noontide Press, 1973.

Interviews
 Hilder, Anthony J. The War Lords of Washington (Secrets of Pearl Harbor): An Interview with Col. Curtis B. Dall. Spotlight, 1991. 45 pages. .

Notes

Sources
 Memorials > Curtis B. Daft '20, Princeton Alumni Weekly, June 3, 1992
 National Park Service bio of Anna
 Social Security Death Index
 "Curtis Bean Dall" on OneWorldTree, hosted at Ancestry.com (subscription required)
 Syracuse Herald, Jul 6, 1936. Picture of Curtis B Dall with his two children
 Syracuse Herald Journal, Feb 2, 1968. Picture. Name filed for New Hampshire Presidential primary
 Dall, Curtis: My Exploited Father-in-Law, Christian Crusade Publications, Tulsa, OK, 1968.
 Hansen, Chris: Enfant Terrible: The Times and Schemes of General Elliott Roosevelt, Able Baker Press, Tucson, AZ, 2012.
 Roosevelt, Curtis: Too Close to the Sun, Public Affairs, New York, 2008.

Further reading
 The Franklin D Roosevelt Library at NARA has recently "...received correspondence between Curtis B. Dall, Anna Roosevelt's first husband, and the Roosevelt family, donated by his daughter Mary Dall Twichell...." https://www.archives.gov/research/accessions/2006-quarter-3.html
 The New York State Archives has  of the Anna Roosevelt papers. https://web.archive.org/web/20060823012204/http://www.archives.nysed.gov/a/researchroom/rr_health_mh_recguide.shtml

External links

1896 births
1991 deaths
American male writers
1960 United States vice-presidential candidates
American socialites
American stockbrokers
Writers from New York City
Military personnel from New York City
People from Piscataway, New Jersey
Princeton University alumni
Constitution Party (United States, 1952) politicians
Roosevelt family
Delano family
Livingston family
Bulloch family
American conspiracy theorists
Old Right (United States)


You have an idea for a romance novel, now what? How do you organize your creative thoughts and transform them into an attention grabbing, page-turning read? This self-guided workshop by award-winning inspirational romance author Wendy Davy reveals key elements necessary to plot a romance from beginning to end. From themes and conflict to the infamous 'dark moment', it's all covered. Each section includes advice from experienced Pelican Book Group editors, and includes a volunteer assignment.


text:
Cherokee Woman Obliterates Elizabeth Warren's Claim to Cherokee Ancestry
By Brandon Morse | Jan 29, 2018 11:30 AM ET
A Cherokee woman appeared on Fox News Sunday to make sure everyone knew that Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) was about as Cherokee as the Mayflower despite her claims that she is.
Appearing on "Watter's World," Rebecca Nagle of Oklahoma, an actual Cherokee and Democrat, asserted that the Native American community has asked Warren to stop touting her supposed Cherokee ancestry, mostly because she has none.
"As a mixed Native woman, I get to relive the stereotypes that Warren perpetuates every day," Nagle said. "People ask me what part Cherokee are you? Who in your family was Cherokee? I'm not 'part-Cherokee', I am Cherokee."
"I'm a citizen of a federally recognized tribe," explained Nagle. "We are a contemporary people. We have vibrant communities. We're not fractions of imagined Indians that used to exist. So I would love to see Elizabeth Warren do take responsibility for her false claim."
Watch the latest video at video.foxnews.com
According to the Daily Wire, Cherokee have looked up their meticulous records and found Warren nowhere in them:
As The Daily Wire reported last week, "Native Americans keep meticulous genealogy records, and Warren's family isn't listed in them. In fact, the Globe says, 'examinations by genealogists of documents including birth, marriage, and death records have shown no conclusive proof of Native American ancestry.'"
"She's not part of the Cherokee community," former Cherokee Nation Chief Chad Smith told The Boston Globe. "She hasn't reached out. She hasn't come here and participated much."
Warren is often the target of jokes for her claims of being of Native American ancestry, which she has attempted to use as not only as a political shield but as a way to boost herself for job interviews. She earned the nickname "Pocahontas" from President Donald Trump or variations of it like "Fauxcahontas."
It's funny that Warren does this while claiming she's a social justice champion while looking out for minorities. Apparently, for Warren, using minorities doesn't qualify as mistreating them.
It should also be noted that Warren isn't the only person out there claiming she's one race when she really isn't. Warren also shares company with a woman famously pretending she was black when she was really white – Rachel Dolezal.
Senior Editor. Culture critic, and video creator. Good at bad photoshops.
Read more by Brandon Morse
Tags: CHEROKEE ELIZABETH WARREN FOX NEWS LIE NATIVE AMERICAN

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Great image of these columns and their shadows Roger!
I love this image Roger!!!
Excellent perspective, light, shadow and exposure.
Big CONGRATULATIONS on this FINALIST, Roger, and the best of luck to you in the next stage!!
Copyright for this gallery photo belongs solely to Roger Bernabo. Images may not be copied, downloaded, or used in any way without the expressed, written permission of the photographer.


The Manchester Premiere of Being Frank will be at the fantastic HOME, on Tony Wilson Way, near Oxford Road Station. The special preview screening will be on Friday March 8th, at 6pm.
It's a public screening so anyone can come for what will hopefully be a really special homecoming for Frank Sidebottom & Chris Sievey.
Tickets are now 'SOLD OUT'.
If for any reason you miss the screening, the film will be back at HOME when it's released at cinemas across the UK on March 29th.
Ahead of the release special screening events are being lined up at cinemas around the UK!
BEING FRANK: THE CHRIS SIEVEY STORY is the official documentary about maverick Manchester comedian Frank Sidebottom, and the life and art of his hidden creator Chris Sievey. Frank Sidebottom, remembered fondly as the man with the papier mache head, was the court jester of the Manchester music and comedy scene for over 25 years but only a privileged few knew the man inside. BEING FRANK tells a twisted tale of split personalities – a suburban creative superhero with a fanatical desire to preserve the myth he created, and eventually having to battle against being consumed by his alter ego.
BEING FRANK: THE CHRIS SIEVEY STORY includes extensive archive from Chris's personal collection of hundreds of boxes of notebooks, home movies, art and music. Insights from Chris' family, friends, and colleagues, including Johnny Vegas, Jon Ronson, John Cooper Clarke, Ross Noble and Mark Radcliffe, finally reveal the unknown story of Chris Sievey – a songwriter, artist, comedian, husband, dad and wayward genius.
Director and producer Steve Sullivan has spent over seven years digging through Chris's personal archive, interviewing friends and family and bringing BEING FRANK to the big screen.
Steve's short, A HEAP OF TROUBLE (2001), a musical starring nine naked men won the Grand Jury Prize at the Montreal Comedy Festival, a BAFTA for Best Short Film and was selected for International Critics Week at the Cannes Film Festival. BEING FRANK: THE CHRIS SIEVEY STORY was recently nominated in the best documentary category at the British Independent Film Awards 2018.


text:
Piers Morgan declares love for 'special' Cornish people on Good Morning Britain
The presenter said he travels to the county every year
Shannon Hards
Controversial Good Morning Britain host Piers Morgan has been ranting on live TV again.
But this time it was all about his love for Cornish people.
The 54-year-old said he travels to the county every year and admitted he was pleased to announce that Cornwall's only Greggs has shut.
He said: "Thank you Cornwall.
"I go to Cornwall every year and the Cornish people are special people and they have risen as one against the satanic Greggs and its ghastly sausage rolls which aren't sausage rolls."
He continued: "They kicked them out because they want proper Cornish pasties and proper Cornish food. They want real food and Cornish pasties have meat in them.
"Cornwall has literally thrown out the only Greggs they had."
Piers went on to claim that Greggs' vegan sausage rolls are a "con".
In 2018, the father-of-four posted a picture from Trevose Golf Club near Padstow.
He was also snapped enjoying a pasty from Cornwall's Chough Bakery and captioned it: "Breakfast of champions."
Cornwall's only Greggs store closed months ago and people hadn't really noticed.
The bakery at Carkeel Roundabout, Saltash , quietly opened in September 2018 .
At the time, people in the area said it opened to 'no fanfare' and after two weeks of trading it still didn't appear on Greggs' website store locator section.
Until then Greggs had never ventured into the the Cornish pasty's homeland.
And now it has been confirmed that the store closed four months ago, just as quietly as it opened.
Former Love Island stars claim Ollie Williams' exit was a 'cover-up'
Skins and Pirates of the Caribbeans star Kaya Scodelario spotted on Cornwall beach
A spokesperson for Greggs, said: "We confirm that following a thorough review, the Greggs at Saltash Service Station closed on 12 September 2019.
"We continue to look for new opportunity sites across the South West of England as part of our long-term plans."
A few people who noticed commented the news on social media.
James Hankins posted on Facebook : "Greggs has left Cornwall! Not sure when, probably around a month ago. They left quicker than they arrived!
"They didnt even last a year at Saltash."
Coinneach Gobha wrote on the In Saltash Community Group: "Closed down, nobody really knew it was there."
Shaun Norman added: "It was just stupid to open one in Cornwall anyway. It's obvious that Cornish people will use Cornish bakery's where they can get a Cornish pasty rather than the shit pasty slice from Greggs. They were never going to survive here."
Good Morning Britain


text:
Backsourcing is the process of bringing previously outsourced jobs back under the roof of the company to be performed internally.

Backsourcing has been increasingly discussed as companies decide to cease outsourcing operations, whether because of the problems with the outsourcing agreements, because of the pressure to bring jobs back to their home country, or simply because it has stopped being efficient to outsource particular tasks.

Backsourcing is sometimes confused with insourcing. However, insourcing simply refers to conducting certain activities in-house (whether or not by a third party), while backsourcing refers to bringing previously outsourced activities back in-house.

References

Business terms
Outsourcing


Now a member of the Royal Burgh of Annan Pipe Band, Tony spends a large part of the week travelling to Scotland from his home in Fernhurst, Blackburn 2-3 times a week to rehearse depending on whether the band is competing.
Tony's piping career also includes playing with the City of Salford Band, the Chorley Pipe Band, the Greater Manchester Fire Service Band and the Colburn Band in Scotland and his hobby has taken him all over the world.
This Saturday, Tony will be wearing the Royal Stewart Tartan when he performs in and around Blackburn Market around 12 noon. There will be a display of Scottish Dancing at 10am and free Scottish themed children's crafts throughout the day in the area next to Blackburn Visitor Centre.


Kaplan and Princeton Review focus only on test prep. Maybe we should, too, since we are a test prep company, but we have seen that for many students, there may be deeper issues that prevent them from scoring as impressively as they would like. Therefore, after each session, we offer students a few minutes of positive affirmations and guided visualizations for peak performance. Since this topic makes some people a little nervous, these exercises take place immediately AFTER each class is over and are completely optional.


NOKIA CREATE WORD,EXCEL & POWERPOINT (MICROSOFT OFFICE in Nokia , Excel files Nokia and PowerPoint files in Nokia with XLS/.XLSX/.XLSM (Microsoft Excel 97, Excel Xp,Excel and Excel Excel Reader is a freeware that you can use to Open, view and print any Microsoft Office Excel Xls,Xlsx document. It's a quick and convenient way to view Excel. can i read pdf files in nokia please mention software if it is free or not.
Supports editing of Microsoft DOC/DOCX, XLS/XLSX, PPT & Text files. Google has officially discontinued Quickoffice for Symbian, so we won't got any support. Nokia Ask a question Report. Hello, Can I edit the Office Office files like Word, Excel and view PDF in the NOKIA mobile phone? See more. How to backup nokia contacts in to file(re8designpark.com,.xls,.doc)? help me Plz MCU Flash file: C:\Program Files (x86)\Nokia\Phoenix\Products\RM\RM support for symbian s60,Nokia apps, Nokia apps, Symbian apps, application allows you to work with native Microsoft Excel XLS and XML files or.


At the center of every-book selected this year was with our tagline in mind: "How To Get To Your Next Million Whole, Mind, Body & Soul." It is not about reaching that next revenue milestone, (that is important) but how do you accomplish this and maintain your soul, spirit, and mind intact? How do we accomplish our goals without developing self destructive habits or negative belief systems?
I wanted to implement books that not only implemented strategies that help us reach our next goal but also looked at things from a holistic point of view. Our selected books this year dives deep into how we intimately think about our business.
Another factor that came into play when selecting these books for 2019 was our core principles. In order to have a scalable and sustainable business you need to master four areas: Your why and purpose, your team, your clients, and your cash. Each book selected will hit on one of these four pillars so we can have a well rounded business as it grows.
So very excited to begin reading with you all on the MeetConstance BookClub, it's been amazing learning and reading along with other entrepreneurs. Click here to see our book list, I would love your feedback so make sure to leave a comment below or write to me on your favorite social media platform.


text:
Crush
=====

Crush is a set of Tilt templates for the various JavaScript and CSS compression libraries in Ruby.

See here for more information about Tilt templates: [http://github.com/rtomayko/tilt](https://github.com/rtomayko/tilt)

Well, they're not really templates. They're more like engines or processors. But, anyway, they fit
in very well with Tilt, because each one likes to do things a little differently. Tilt + Crush cures
the headache by providing a generic API to use any of the engines you need.

Basic Usage
-----------

Step 1, Install:

``` bash
$ gem install crush
```

Step 2, Compress:

``` ruby
require "crush"
Crush.register
Tilt.new("application.js").render
# => compressed JavaScript...
```

Tilt Mappings
-------------

If you look closely at the above example, you had to call `Crush.register` before you could
use any of the engines. That's because, by default, Crush does not automatically register
its templates with Tilt. But, fear not, it's insanely easy to register them.

``` ruby
require "crush"
Crush.register
# or you can use this shortcut to do the same thing:
require "crush/all"
```

If you only want to use the JavaScript templates:

``` ruby
require "crush"
Crush.register_js
# or just:
require "crush/js"
```

CSS engines only:

``` ruby
require "crush"
Crush.register_css
# or, because I love shortcuts so much:
require "crush/css"
```

And finally, it's not hard to register only the ones you need, manually:

``` ruby
require "crush"
Tilt.register Crush::Uglifier, "js"
Tilt.register Crush::Rainpress, "css"
```

Generic API
-----------

The included templates are actually subclasses of `Crush::Engine`, which adds a few
methods somewhat common to compression libraries.

`Crush::Engine.compress` takes the given string and immediately compresses it. It is also
aliased as `compile`.

``` ruby
Crush::CSSMin.compress "body { color: red; }"
# => "body{color:red;}"

# Using Tilt's interface:
Tilt[:css].compress "body { color: red; }"
# => "body{color:red;}"
```

`Crush::Engine`s do not require data from a file or block like `Tilt::Template`s. They can
be initialized and given data through the `Crush::Engine#compress` instance method, which
is also aliased as `compile`.

``` ruby
engine = Crush::CSSMin.new
# Does not throw an ArgumentError like a Tilt::Template
engine.compress "body { color: red; }"
# => "body{color:red;}"
```

Included Engines
----------------

Support fo these compression engines are included:

    ENGINES                    FILE_EXTENSIONS  REQUIRED LIBRARIES
    -------------------------- ---------------- -----------------------
    JSMin                      .js              jsmin
    Packr                      .js              packr
    YUI::JavaScriptCompressor  .js              yui/compressor
    Closure::Compiler          .js              closure-compiler
    Uglifier                   .js              uglifier
    CSSMin                     .css             cssmin
    Rainpress                  .css             rainpress
    YUI::CssCompressor         .css             yui/compressor
    Sass::Engine               .css             sass

Copyright
---------

Copyright (c) 2011 [Peter Browne](http://petebrowne.com). See LICENSE for details.


Financing your next vehicle can be a difficult and stressful experience. That's why experts from the Uptown Volvo West Island finance department work tirelessly to provide you with the most enjoyable experience when you plan to finance your next vehicle.
Uptown Volvo West Island makes financing your next Volvo easy and even enjoyable. We strive to make your fundraising experience with us as fast and transparent as possible.
For reliable financing and the expertise you're looking for when buying a new vehicle or a Volvo Certified Pre-Owned Vehicle, come to Uptown Volvo West Island today.
At Uptown Volvo West Island, we offer flexible and affordable financing solutions, whether you're looking to buy a new or pre-owned high-quality vehicle from our inventory. We understand that each client's situation is different and that is why our financing experts take the time to get to know you.
Uptown Volvo West Island financing experts work hard to help you find the right financing solution for your situation. They take the time to listen to your needs, understand your budget, answer your questions and find the financing plan that's right for you.
Come to Uptown Volvo West Island and talk to one of our financing experts about how you can finance your next Volvo, it will be easier than you think. You can also start your online financing application today and get pre-approval for your next Volvo vehicle.
Doing business with Uptown Volvo West Island for all your financing needs means trusting a team that leaves nothing to chance and cares for its customers. Visit us today!


Array Admin Group: Administrators that are allowed to perform every FlashArray operation including configuration–Array Admin Group administrators have the same privileges as the original built-in pureuser.
Storage Admin Group: Administrators that are allowed to perform FlashArray storage operations (provision, snap etc).
Read Only Group: Users with read-only privileges on the FlashArray–they can view information but not provision/change anything.
In my Active Directory instance (purecsg.local) I created a new Organization Unit simply called Pure. In it I created three user groups to correspond to the three access roles the FlashArray offers. I named them "Pure Array Admins" "Pure Storage Admins" and "Pure RO Users". In each group I created one user with the respective user names of purearrayadmin, purestorageadmin, purerouser. Straight forward.
So you can configure AD authentication from the CLI or GUI but in this post I will show the GUI–let me know if there is interest in examples for the CLI.
Log into your Pure GUI and go to System > Configuration > Directory Service. The boxes will all most likely be blank/unchecked.
Go ahead and check the "Enabled" box if not checked and fill out the boxes. You need the LDAP address of the AD, an authenticated user, your OU base to search for your user groups and of course the names of your groups. Mine can be seen in the figure below.
I user the domain admin, but you can choose anything with proper access to the AD server. Note that the names are case sensitive–if you capitalize a name in AD, capitalize it here. If you want to validate the authenticity of the directory servers you can select "Check Peer" and then you must provide a certificate as well. I am going to skip that. When you are ready click "Save" then "Test". The test will actually validate the information and if successful activate the directory service.
If the test went well you should see a bunch of green boxes like above and you are good to go!
Next I will login as the Pure Read Only User "purerouser".
Once logged in as a Read Only user you will notice that you can see everything but not create or change anything. Options to create or change are grayed out but performance details and capacity info is all there. Below is an image (click to open in new tab) that shows the read only view on the left and the storage admin on the right. The read only user cannot do anything but view, the storage admin can create storage etc, but cannot change configuration information for the array (such as networking).
Cool. Now what about the vSphere Web Client Plugin?
You can register an array with any user account (read only or higher). Below I registered my array with the read only account.
The fully integrated GUI in the homescreen will login as the registered user, but if it times out or you manually log out of the Pure GUI inside the vSphere Web Client you can log back in as a different user. But that will not change the registered user and provisioning in-context in the vSphere Web Client will still be prevented. In order to allow provisioning again you must unregister the array in the vSphere Web Client and register it with a user with higher permissions.
Try to go back to the vSphere Web Client in-context provisioning and once again failing to create because changing the logged in user for the full GUI doesn't change the rest.
Trying to provision in-context again in the vSphere Web Client and succeeding!
That's it for now! Let me know if you would like to see more.
What about the certificate. how do I add that piece?
You can paste it in manually in the box, or you can auto-fetch it from AD if it is configured to do so. This can be done from the GUI or CLI. The CLI command is pureds setattr –certificate –auto-fetch Check out support KB http://support.purestorage.com/hc/en-us/articles/200580450-Directory-Services-Setup-and-Configuration for some more info.
Thanks Cody for posting Integrating AD with the Pure array. Very helpful.
Is there a way to configure the Pure array to integrate AD across multiple domains. Our org has users in multiple domains.
Sure thing! Glad it was useful.
Not today, this is coming I believe though. Make sure you tell your account team you need this so they can open a request with product management. This will help prioritize it.


text:
«Незграбна» (, також «Незграба» або «Доробало») — комедійний телесеріал, створений американськими кінематографами.

Прем'єра серіалу відбулася 19 липня 2011 року. MTV продовжили серіал на другий сезон 24 серпня 2011 року, прем'єра якого відбулася 28 червня 2012 року до 10:30 вечора. 25 липня 2012 його було офіційно продовжено на третій сезон, який складається з 20 епізодів. Трансляція почалась 16 квітня 2013 в 10:00 вечора. Перша частина 3 сезону завершилася 27 червня 2013. Решта третього сезону шоу транслювалась з 22 жовтня 2013. Прем'єра 4-го сезону — 15 квітня 2014 року.

Сюжет
Серіал розповідає про непросте, але насичене цікавими подіями, життя однієї молодої і симпатичної дівчини. Трохи незграбній Дженні Гамільтон (Ешлі Рікардс) всього лише п'ятнадцять, але вона вже хоче жити повноцінним дорослим життям. Школярка бажає привернути до себе увагу. Її бажання збувається, коли через незграбний інцидент вся школа вважає, що вона намагалася покінчити з собою. Тепер нарівні з непотрібною репутацією суїцидальної школярки, їй доводиться справлятися з щоденними проблемами, які супроводжують життя підлітка.

Перший сезон
Дженна Гамільтон (Ешлі Рікардс) — звичайна американська старшокласниця. Вона старанно вчиться в школі і мріє завоювати увагу Метті (Бо Мірчофф). Але зробити перший крок у бік красеня школи Дженна боїться. Таким чином всі її мрії так би і залишилися мріями, якби з нею не стався нещасний випадок. За збігом безглуздих обставин Дженна покалічилася у власній ванній кімнаті. Всі її знайомі вирішили, ніби нещасний випадок — це спроба самогубства. Численні пов'язки і гіпс на тілі Дженни несподівано зробили її дуже популярною в школі. Нарешті непомітна дівчинка стала справжньою «зіркою» в шкільному соціумі. Тепер, коли Дженна більше не відчуває себе нікому не потрібною невидимкою, їй доведеться звикати до підвищеної уваги.

Другий сезон
У другому сезоні серіалу глядачі знову зустрічаються з Дженною Гамільтон (Ешлі Рікардс). У нових серіях Дженна вже не так незграбна, як була в першому сезоні, але у неї як і раніше є безліч проблем, які необхідно вирішувати щодня. І ключовою проблемою для дівчини стає вибір її обранця. Дженна все ще небайдужа до Метті (Бо Мірчофф). Але чим більше проходить часу, тим виразніше вона розуміє, що не можна все життя будувати на мріях про одну людину. Дженна дорослішає і бачить, що поруч із нею є й інші гідні молоді люди. Головним конкурентом Метті стає Джейк Розаті (Бретт Даверн). Спокійний Джейк почав завойовувати увагу Дженни ще в першому сезоні серіалу.

Акторський склад

Ешлі Рікардс — Jenna Hamilton

Бо Мірчофф — Matty McKibben

Джилліан Роуз Рід — Tamara «T» Kaplan

Бретт Даверн — Jake Rosati

Ніккі ДеЛоач — Lacey Hamilton

Моллі Тарлов — Sadie Saxton

Дезі Лайдік — Valerie Marks

Джессіка Лу — Ming Huang

Майк Файола — Kevin Hamilton

Грір Грэммер — Lissa

Нолан Фанк — Collin Jennings

Джерела
1. http://www.vokrug.tv/product/show/Awkward/

Телесеріали англійською мовою
Комедійні телесеріали США
Телесеріали США про школу
Телесеріали США про вищу школу


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Esko Aho: Sustainable development in the Arctic and Northern Dimension area
The world we are living in is facing simultaneously several huge challenges.
First of all, we are undergoing a technological revolution. This will, without any doubt, increase the productivity of labor, but it also requires changes in research, learning, management, and social interactions. It reshapes our way of thinking and acting, and may trigger also several unpredictable changes.
Secondly, the climate change is a reality. The Arctic is warming faster than many climate scientists expected, and nearly twice as quick as the rest of the planet. The extent of the Arctic Sea ice has steadily declined over the past three decades.
Thirdly, we are undergoing a demographic change, which is a real challenge. Many countries and areas in the North are facing an ageing population and low birth rates. In Europe, the migration situation has changed rapidly. Urbanization began already during the industrial revolution, but in the Northern areas it is accelerating, as people move from rural areas to cities and towns.
Fourth, today we are facing geopolitical tensions. The Arctic is not in the center of these tensions, but tensions in other areas affect also geopolitics there.
All of the abovementioned four challenges are closely linked to the Arctic region. Thus, there are a lot of risks – but at the same time also huge opportunities.
What should be done in order to utilize these opportunities in an effective and sustainable manner?
First of all, the Arctic collaboration should be isolated from the present geopolitical tensions. Secondly, investment is needed in logistics and infrastructure. Lack of infrastructure on both sea and land is perhaps the largest barrier to development in the Arctic to date. Thirdly, new realities in the energy market are most likely to reduce the interest to exploit Arctic oil and gas reserves in the future. However, the Arctic has also other resources, for example biomaterials. The long wooden fiber is the material of the future. And finally, there is tourism. Environmentally sustainable Arctic tourism needs a whole set of services and service-providers – and infrastructure.
Finland will take over the Arctic Council chairmanship in 2017. During its first 20 years, the Arctic Council has focused much of its work namely on sustainable development and environmental protection. The Arctic Council has also helped to maintain the Arctic as a zone of peace and stability. It is our common interest that the Arctic will stay like that also in the future – and it is our common interest that it will be developed in a responsible and sustainable manner.
Esko Aho,
Prime Minister of Finland (1991-1995)
Executive Chairman of the Board, East Office of Finnish Industries
ArcticBusiness & EconomyND NewsflashRegional Development & Politics


text:
Computer Science Educators Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for those involved in the field of teaching Computer Science. It only takes a minute to sign up.
What is the best way to teach JavaScript functions to middle schoolers?
I am teaching middle school kids (aged 11-13) some basic JavaScript and want to get some "professional" opinions.
I am introducing JavaScript with a simple function with a variable, a prompt, if/else, and a couple of alerts. This function (14 lines total) then repeats a series of times (say 10 times) changing the prompt and the conditional in the if/else for a total of say 140 lines. Otherwise the function remains the same. In the lesson, we will be using trinket.io to run the code in browser, and I am able to give them a partially complete piece of code to work from.
I know best programming is to not repeat when you can use additional variables and arguments passed through functions. I am doing that programming with a more advanced class.
My question is this: If just introducing JavaScript and wanting to teach syntax of these basic features, is it better to have students do the repeating (that works but is not programmatically the best way to program) or is it better to teach them the "correct" way where the program is simplified but includes more code understanding than we are ready to introduce?
Here is the code (I repeated it once to show the differences).
function askQuestion1()
var answer = prompt ("What body system contains the heart, blood, arteries, and veins?") .toLowerCase();
if (answer==="circulatory") {
alert ("Correct!");
score += 100;
alert ("Your total score is now " +score);
alert ("Sorry, incorrect.");
score -= 100;
var answer = prompt ("What body system contains the brain, spinal cord, and nerves?") .toLowerCase();
if (answer==="nervous") {
introductory-lesson javascript lesson-review
thesecretmaster♦
Bill PrattBill Pratt
$\begingroup$ @TravisJ This is all they are expected to know for this lesson. They have built an HTML page with a Jeopardy! type game using tables and the button calls this function with an onclick="" This level of class is being introduced to functions, variables, alerts, prompts, and if/else (the score formula and += and -= are only added because what good is a game without points). $\endgroup$
– Bill Pratt
$\begingroup$ Thanks, the background makes a lot of difference for how to approach the subject. $\endgroup$
– Travis J
$\begingroup$ @Buffy - The correct way would be to create a producer of these questions, and then instantiate the set of question instances for use. That is way too over the top for this situation. $\endgroup$
$\begingroup$ I'll try again: Please don't use Javascript to teach programming. The syntax is confusing for beginners. The language itself is a constantly-moving target. I don't even know whether terminating lines with semi-colons is even good practice these days. ES6 has added a whole load of extra confusion. It's just quite annoying in general, and gets in the way of the actual learning, which is the important part. I really don't know why you don't use an interactive Python interpreter. Once they know how to structure a program, the syntax is superfluous, so they can move on to JS at that point. $\endgroup$
– Aaron F
$\begingroup$ @Bergi: JS is simply too weird compared to Python/Java/Ruby or even C/C++. It's unlike any other programming language, and it's so weakly typed that it's easy to miss/hide/ignore bugs. There are millions of people writing Javascript even though they don't really understand it, and there are Javascript teachers who don't really understand it either. It's possible to write great pieces of software with Javascript but it requires a lot of knowledge and discipline. $\endgroup$
I apologize in advance, but I'm going to be a bit hard on you.
First, your goal of keeping it simple is a good one that I applaud. You are right, IMO, not to bring in advanced features too early.
However, this is not the sort of code I would show to a beginner. Ever. It is the kind of code that, if submitted by an early teen would be fine, but not the sort of code that a teacher should show, lest it be emulated. If this were submitted by a college first year student, as part of some project, it would be severely downgraded.
I think students should only ever be shown code, from instructors, that they would be proud to emulate. But I think the lessons taught in this code need to be unlearned before the student can gain a proper understanding of how to program. I would use some completely different example, even if I was only interested in syntax, which I don't think you should be. You can also teach deeper lessons, just by example, by choosing what code you present to students.
Let me list a bunch of criticisms of the code, that are easily corrected, but using a different framework possibly.
First, the function names aren't descriptive in any way of what the function does. Also, they aren't functions in the classic sense since they return nothing, but that is just an issue with how javascript is built. They are procedures (actually commands since they don't have arguments either). But "intention revealing names" are a really good idea so everyone should use them, and novices should see them. So, askCirculatoryQuestion is preferable to askQuestion1.
Next, the formatting is a bit sloppy. A minor issue, but, if you are only a bit sloppy it won't be easy to teach them not to be.
Next, your var should probably be a const. There is no intention to change it. (Note: I'm not a javascript wizard, so I hope this is possible in this context.)
Next, you use an identity comparison, so, in the first function neither "the circulatory" nor "circulatory system" would be accepted. This is a human factors issue and may be the main objection to the example overall. An example without such an issue could probably be easily devised. But code that frustrates uses is not what you should show beginning students. But parsing user input is a genuinely difficult problem, of course.
Next, you make assignment here to a global variable, which is a tool that shouldn't be in the beginner's toolbox. It is an advanced incantation suitable only for trained wizards. Such practice makes larger programs much harder to understand and debug. Even wizards use this "spell" sparingly.
Finally, blasting alerts from a function is likely to mislead them when you try to teach real functions (that return values). Too many students have a very hard time with the notion of "return", and think that blasting out the answer is the correct way to write a function. You are laying a trap here that can cause issues later. (Confession: I once had that misconception. It made it difficult to understand program flow.)
Overall, my suggestion is to show students only the sort of code you'd like to see from them, not just now, but in the future. Yes, keep it simple and yes, keep it motivating, but make it poetry.
The code you will get from them is probably going to be worse than the code you give to them. So, always show them something they can emulate and that any teacher would be proud to see from a student. Make it easy for them to build good habits from the start.
But note that your concerns are not the same as mine. I agree that it is too early at the start to stress things like the "say it once" principle and such. And an exercise in which you have them write the analog of your second function after giving them the first wouldn't be a bad idea. It reinforces some skills, which is a good thing.
Again, sorry to be so hard on you.
But lest I be entirely negative, let me also give an idea for something similar that works on more levels than syntax. I'll stick with functions and if-else as the primary lesson.
Show the students a function maxOfTwo, that returns the maximum of two arguments. The function doesn't "alert" but, instead returns the value. Then write a driver to test it and have the students execute that a few times. Note that the function needs no local values.
After that, work out with the students a maxOfThree, that has three arguments. Do this one two ways. First with nested if statements and again by employing maxOfTwo instead. Don't give this as an assignment, but work out the logic with them and then write the (poetic) code. You may want to introduce a local value, so it is a bit more sophisticated on two levels (locals and nesting). But using maxOfTwo twice is a truly beautiful solution that shows the power of abstraction and reduces complexity.
Then, you can assign medianOfThree to them to work on. I suggest that it might be worthwhile to have them work out the logic of it in small groups and then come up with the code. They can either write out the code individually (probably a good thing) or in their group. Then critique the code as I have done here.
And don't lose track of the point that writing functions is more about abstraction than anything else. It makes programs easier to understand. The only code hidden by the maxOfTwo function is a single if-else statement. But calling the function (assuming it has a good name) makes the intent of the program immediately clear at that point, where the expanded if statement does not. This, I think, is much more important than the ability to call the function from more than one place and know that the effect is the same. Note that obfuscated code still runs correctly, but it is the understanding that separates the programmer from the machine. So, always use intention revealing names.
BuffyBuffy
$\begingroup$ Advice is always good as I am not a pro so criticism welcomed. There is a lot of background not in my original post with what the students have already studied. They have learned block-based coding (Scratch) and this "function" relates to previous blocks and concepts learned in Scratch. It isn't perfect but is intended to extend the previous learning while learning a small bit of JavaScript. They have also spent a semester learning some basic HTML/CSS. We use a platform called Trinket.io as our sandbox. It has limitations but is decent. By the way, I like idea of making code "poetry." $\endgroup$
$\begingroup$ If you are purely looking at introducing JavaScript the language on its own, I think this is great advice, and in general outlines standardized approaches to single language instruction. However, in this instance, I think it is important to consider that Bill is introducing JavaScript as another step in building a minimal web application. The introduction of JavaScript should be considered with a holistic view of the current project. Converting to the classical approach of using method best practice would possibly be confusing at that point to these students who are 12-14 years old. $\endgroup$
$\begingroup$ @Buffy Can you expand on the "intention revealing names"? I thought that askQuestion, answer, and score would be good names since that is what they are doing. "askQuestion1()" deals with the first question and asks it. The "answer" is the answer that the user enters and the "score" is their points after answering the question. I want to understand better myself as I am self-taught and want to learn best practices. $\endgroup$
$\begingroup$ The function names are my main issue. The others are fine. The function names here have no semantic meaning. What is the semantic difference between the two question names? AskCirculatoryQuestion has semantic meaning. $\endgroup$
$\begingroup$ @Buffy I see what you are saying now. Thanks. $\endgroup$
Middle school is a great place to start teaching kids programming, and especially JavaScript. I have guest taught something similar for third graders, and it went so much better than I had expected.
Code structure is not important for introductions. Engagement is the most important aspect for kids, and building a game is a great way to do that.
At the beginner level, having them just take something, and place it in is gold. I tend to prefer having students transcribe at that level, where they are given a printout and then are walked through adding the code themselves (maybe this is what you had planned, or similar).
I don't really see the need for repetition at all here though, because it doesn't really benefit them much as written. What I would suggest would be to allow them to come up with their own question2, their own accepted answer, and their own score bonus. This will allow them to not only better understand which inputs correlate with which outputs or behaviors, but will also introduce a good amount of fun to the activity.
Introducing fun, especially at the end of an activity once the main goal was accomplished, is a great way to build engagement. Never underestimate the value of joy :)
Travis JTravis J
I think if you're teaching anyone something like programming, you should show them the elements in isolation first, and then combine them once they seem to have a grasp of what you taught them. (software's great for this, since a "statement" is a pretty generic concept)
I'm assuming you mean "function" in the sense of a callable function which runs a block of code and returns.
I think you should focus on re-usability when showing what functions are/how they work. When I was learning, the thing that got them planted in my head firmly is that you can just write some huge block of code once and get it to run at any point later with a single line.
I think a better example of a function would take an argument, and perform some action based on that argument. e.g. a greet(name) function which prints out Hello $name! Your name is $num letters long. when called.
You could then show the function being called multiple times, with the results depending on what's passed into the function. (e.g. hard-code the string in one invocation, and pass the response from prompt() in another.)
bobsburnerbobsburner
I wouldn't.
Based on my experiences as a student teacher in the Australian education system, typically actual coding doesn't get taught until grades 9-10, at which point the language is typically Python because of its relatively simple syntax.
At the age range you're discussing, students are typically taught a visual block programming language like Scratch in one unit (year or semester, depending on how the school's structured their IT course), to teach them about the programming thinking (loops, Boolean logic, etc) without worrying about correct syntax, and then taught HTML and CSS in the following unit to teach them about the importance of syntax and to get them used to typing code into a computer.
nick012000nick012000
$\begingroup$ Thanks. Actually, that is the path we have followed. We started with Scratch and have moved on to HTML and CSS. Now we are adding just a couple of JS tools to introduce them to JS (we have actually changed our curriculum to start JS in Minecraft Education Edition but these students have missed that). Since they have those basic concepts in place (sequences, loops, conditionals/logic, variables, etc.), we started with alerts and prompts in JavaScript. I wanted to make it a little more fun with the quiz game so I added this "function." $\endgroup$
To answer your question directly, I think it would make sense to teach the students the more complicated looping structure first, so that they maintain a good sense of what clean code looks like. Unless, of course, you're going to teach them looping later on in the same lesson and want to use this as an example of bad code, but if you're just introducing them to programming, giving bad examples right of the bad likely isn't the best way to do it.
In the larger sense, I think you're approaching this lesson wrong.
First of all, I tend to recommend not including syntactic sugar when introducing programming for the first time, because that requires the student to understand more then they really need to. I mention this because I see you using features such as foo -= bar instead of foo = foo - bar and foo === bar (because the difference between === and == should be taught later on).
Second, you're introducing a whole lot at once. To understand the code snippets you've given, the students will need to first understand if / else statements, blocks, mutable variables, general language syntax, typing, string concatenation, and variables at the least. And most importantly, functions! Functions are very nontrivial for someone who hasn't seen programming before. You really ought to break down this lesson into the smaller pieces first, and then, once your students are able to grasp those pieces, then they can put it together into a larger project like the one you've described. But, at that point, they should already know what loops and how they work, so you won't even have this question :)
TL;DR Re-evaluate your approach to teaching this lesson. Break down the topic into smaller building blocks and teach those smaller building blocks first.
Good luck with the lesson!
thesecretmaster♦thesecretmaster
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If you are a UK national living abroad and are returning to live in the UK, you will be able to use the NHS for your healthcare.
In Britain, there's a state-funded system called the National Health Service, or NHS, which guarantees care for all. That means everything from ambulance rides and emergency room visits to long hospital stays, complex surgery, radiation and chemotherapy — are all free. They're paid for with payroll taxes.
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While the NHS is under pressure, it will still come as a relief to those moving to the UK from Ireland to know that GP and nurse visits will be completely free. Provided you are ordinarily resident in the UK, you can also access free hospital treatment; see gov.uk/guidance/nhs-entitlements-migrant-health-guide.
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The NHS has long been a bastion of universal healthcare in Britain. It was established in 1948 with the ambition of providing healthcare, free at the point of service, for "everyone – rich, or poor, man, woman or child" to "relieve your money worries in times of illness".
NHS treatment is free to people classed as ordinarily resident in the UK. Determining residency isn't as straight forward as where you were born, payment of UK taxes, National Insurance contributions, being registered with a GP, having an NHS Number, having a British passport or owning property in the UK. this.
Notes:Immigration (unadjusted)Total67744British7722EU19625(of which) EU15113214 more rows•May 21, 2020
Free access to other types of NHS-provided hospital care depends on immigration status. … People who are not defined as 'ordinarily resident', such as temporary migrants and visitors, can claim treatment on the NHS if their country of residence has a reciprocal agreement.
Funding. The total budget of Department of Health in England in 2017/18 is £124.7 billion. £13.8 billion was spent on medicines. The National Audit Office reports annually on the summarised consolidated accounts of the NHS.
Hospital treatment is free if you're ordinarily resident in the UK. If you're visiting England or recently moved to England, look up the relevant information about accessing the NHS, as charges may occur.
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A restaurant with a good wine list is something to cherish. In Los Angeles, where I find favorite restaurants closing up shop with increasing regularity, that is doubly true. Little Next Door is billed online at "the best French restaurant in Hollywood," although it's not actually in Hollywood. The Third Street location puts it right along with many other eateries in the food-rich area, but it is definitely not just another resto. It's casual and fancy at the same time and offers an outdoor seating area that is predictably popular with the L.A. crowd.
The wine list is understandably French-heavy, but there are some gems from other areas, too. I spied a Moroccan wine, which I had tasted some months ago, in the wall-display behind our table. For this meal we both enjoyed a pink wine from Corsica.
Corsica is a French island in the Mediterranean, just north of Sardegna. It is a French territory, but it has a lot of similarities to Italy due to its location. There are nine wine regions on the island.
The Domaine Poli rosé is labelled on the list as l'Île de Beauté, which means "island of beauty," I'm told. It's a faintly copper-colored rosé made with organically-grown Nielluccio grapes. That variety is widely planted on Corsica and used primarily for rosé. It is also speculated that it might actually be Sangiovese in disguise. The wine has a fresh nose and a palate to match, with lovely acidity. Grapefruit and strawberry flavors mingle delightfully.