text:
This is a very simple sample project that demonstrates how to integrate
and use the Allihoopa SDK.

Since the `Allihoopa-macOS` framework depends on the shared `AllihoopaCore-ObjC`
library, getting the example up and running requires some setup:

1. Install [Carthage](https://github.com/carthage/carthage), (`brew install carthage` if you're using [Homebrew](http://brew.sh)).
2. Run `carthage bootstrap` in the parent folder of this sample.
3. Copy `SDKExample/Credentials.template.xcconfig` to
   `SDKExample/Credentials.xcconfig` and insert your application identifier and
   API key into the file.
4. Open up `SDKExample.xcworkspace` in Xcode.
5. Select the `SDKExample` project and make sure `Credentials.xcconfig` has been
   picked as the configuration set for the application target.
6. Hit Run to run the example project.

# Modifying AllihoopaCore

**Important:** During normal use, you should not need to work on `AllihoopaCore`.
If you find yourself doing so, please file a ticket in our
[issue tracker](https://github.com/allihoopa/Allihoopa-macOS/issues) and we can help you out.

If you need to update the [AllihoopaCore-ObjC](https://github.com/allihoopa/AllihoopaCore-ObjC)
library and try out the changes in this project. To do that, build the Core library
through Carthage and copy the `Carthage` folder over to this repository:

```
# In the AllihoopaCore-ObjC checkout
carthage build --no-skip-current --platform mac --configuration Debug
cp -r Carthage ../Allihoopa-macOS
```

This also has the upside of producing a logging debug build with optimization
disabled for easier debugging.


Explanation: The last total solar eclipse of this millennium will be visible for a few minutes tomorrow from a narrow path in Europe and Asia. There, millions of sightseers will witness the Moon move directly between the Earth and Sun, covering up the Sun completely. Observers not besieged by clouds may get to see the Sun's large and flowing corona first hand. A partial eclipse of the Sun, where part of the Sun is still visible, can be witnessed throughout the rest of Europe and much of Northern Africa and Asia. Precise locations of total and partial eclipse are shown on the above map. In modern times, eclipses are precisely predicted and well understood. In fact, anyone can see this total solar eclipse live on the web. In ancient times, though, eclipses frequently startled large populations, who interpreted them in ways that changed the course of wars and empires.


text:
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The luxury super yacht SHANGRA offers accommodation for 6 guests in 3 cabins consisting of a master stateroom with a king size bed and bathroom facilities including a shower and lavatory, a VIP stateroom with a queen size bed and bathroom facilities including a shower and lavatory. Further guest accommodation is also available in another cabin.
SHANGRA also accommodates up to 4 crew on-board to ensure you have a relaxed luxurious charter experience and all of your needs are catered for while on board.
The specifications on board the beautifully built 87 ft / 26.6 m Custom launched in 2007 and later refit in 2020 include air conditioning, stabilisers for a smooth ride by counteracting roll caused by waves or wind as well as an extensive list of amenities and toys.
While chartering in the West Mediterranean the luxury super yacht SHANGRA and her crew of 4 will be sure to satisfy all of your needs and make sure you enjoy your experience.
3 Electronics
1 Diving
Fabio's adventure begins at the age of twenty, when he embarked for the first time as a skipper on board a private yacht, an experience that makes him discover how his great passion, the sea, could really become a career. After a period spent as a Base Manager of a charter company, Fabio soon got back at sea as a Captain aboard several private and charter yachts, exploring much of the Mediterranean and beyond. Divemaster for pleasure, his knowledge of the sea is comparable only to that of gastronomy, another of his great talents, that he decided to cultivate by opening an Italian restaurant in Brazil where he spends most of his time when he is not at the helm of a yacht. Determined, precise and professional, Fabio masters great mechanical and hydraulic skills and keeping the yacht in perfect condition is among his priorities as Captain. Strongly appreciated by the crews, he always manages to provide a warm still discreet service, adapting to the needs of individual guests on board. Italian mother-tongue, he speaks fluently English and Portuguese and a basic Spanish.
Ernesto Wahlbul Neto
Ernesto's multifaceted personality led him to develop his talent in two different but similar fields: art and cuisine. After graduating at Art College, he decided to foster his passion for food, achieving all the necessary qualifications to work in restaurant's kitchens and got his first job as a sous chef in London. When he got back to South America, he kept on with this career for over 15 years, becoming an important executive chef to the point that he had the honor to cook for the Duke of York, the President of Brazil and the Princess of Sweden. His wide experience with an international audience, allows him to please every palate and to adapt his recipes to guests' preferences and tastes. Plus he also worked in bakeries: his breakfasts are unparalleled! Portuguese mother tongue, he speaks English fluently and a basic level of Italian, French and Spanish.
Emiliano Cipriani
Emiliano is a very expert and dynamic deckhand who loves traveling and life in the open air. He joined the maritime industry in 2006, when he got a job at Dufour Sailing yard: he was in charge of yacht delivery. Then, in 2009, he was hired as a captain of a small sailing yacht and took care of every aspect of the yacht management, including maintenance. From 2014 to 2017 Emiliano was embarked as a first mate on a larger vessel and in 2019 he joined Shangra's crew. Fond of sport and very active, Emiliano is a great team member and extremely guest-oriented. Italian mother tongue, he speaks English and a basic French.
Bianca Andrea Ciurea
Bianca is a very smart and efficient stewardess, always ready to help and willing to make guests feel like home. Born in Bucarest but raised in Italy, her training and professional background is in both the marketing and hospitality field: after working for over three years in an hotel, she decided to attend a master in web marketing and social medias and got a job in the publishing business. In 2018 she embarked as a stewardess on a yacht and she liked the experience so much that she decided to repeat it in 2019. With her kind attitude, her sweet smile and her enthusiasm, Bianca is a real master of hospitality.Italian and Romanian mother tongue, she speaks a good level of English and a basic French.
SHANGRA
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Notice & Takedown Policy
© 2019 Charter Index Ltd. All rights reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The Sears–Ferris House, at 311 W. Third St. in Carson City, Nevada, is a historic house built in 1863.  It was owned from 1868 to 1890 by George Washington Gale Ferris Sr., father of George Washington Gale Ferris Jr., future inventor of the Ferris wheel.  It has also been known as the G. W. G. Ferris House.

Originally built in about 1863 by Gregory A. Sears, a pioneer Carson City businessman, the house was added to the National Register of Historic Places for Carson City in 1979.

It includes Colonial Revival and Georgian Revival architecture. This house is square in size and its measure is roughly sixty by sixty feet. It is currently under private ownership and not open to the public.

History
Along with his family, Mr. Ferris arrived in Nevada as a gentleman farmer in 1864. Besides cultivating normal crops, he planted quite a few diversified trees. Mr. Ferris brought in many Eastern ornamental plants like hickory, black walnut and chestnut to Carson City. Several of those trees are at the Nevada State Capitol grounds till date.

George Washington Gale Ferris, Jr., born in Galesburg, Illinois in 1859, was the most notable person related to this house, he was a little boy when his family shifted from their homestead in Carson Valley to the residence in Carson City. He went to military school for graduation in 1875.  Later in 1881, Ferris, Jr. completed his graduation in engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. He became famous in 1893 for inventing the Ferris Wheel situated at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago.

George Washington Gale Ferris, Sr. along with his wife Martha shifted to Riverside, California in 1881. Ferris Sr. sold the residence including a part of the block to Mary Ferris Ardery, his daughter in 1890 at $3,000. Mary changed the style of the front porch to a classical look.

In the twentieth century, the residence was owned by different owners: in 1922 the house was owned by the Mahers, Thurman Cross bought the house in 1956, in 1968 Ferdinand Hirzy took the ownership and Mr and Mrs Charles Herron moved in the house in July 1968.

References

External links

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Nevada
Colonial Revival architecture in Nevada
Georgian Revival architecture in Nevada
Houses completed in 1863
National Register of Historic Places in Carson City, Nevada
Houses in Carson City, Nevada

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The CSRMA Risk Control Advisor is also available to provide on-location training to CSRMA members at no cost. Please contact David Patzer at 707.373.9709 or dpatzer@dkfsolutions.com for more information.
You may register to attend open seminars by clicking on the RED 'Click to Register' links in the list below. Registration is FREE to CSRMA members. There is a nominal $50 fee to non-members.
Please contact David Patzer at 707.373.9709 or dpatzer@dkfsolutions.com to schedule a training seminar.


text:
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro} \setcounter{equation}{0} \setcounter{footnote}{0}

Extra dimensional theories offer new avenues for flavor physics.
Following the suggestion of Arkani-Hamed and Schmaltz~\cite{AS},
the standard approach is to use the overlaps of wave
functions in extra dimensions to generate the fermion mass
hierarchy. Since the fermions are physically located in different places this is referred to as the
split-fermion  approach. If implemented in Randall-Sundrum-type~\cite{RS1} warped space (as suggested
in~\cite{warpedflavor,HuberShafi}) it has the added benefit that unwanted
4-fermi operators leading to flavor
changing neutral currents (FCNC's) are suppressed by a high UV
scale (assuming that the fermions are mostly localized around the UV
brane). The main advantage of this approach is that it generates the
fermion mass hierarchy without flavor symmetries. The price to pay
for the absence of the flavor symmetries is that the structure of quark
mixing is much more complex than in the usual Cabibbo--Kobayashi--Maskawa
(CKM) picture \cite{CKM}, in
particular one would expect more mixing angles and CP phases to be
physical~\cite{Gustavo,warpedconstraints}.
However, after many years of  running B-factories
the experimental results seem to suggest that flavor mixing is well
described by the standard CKM picture with a single CP violating
phase as in the standard model (SM). For the RS model these constraints would
imply that the mass of the lightest KK gauge bosons would have to be of order
$\sim 8$ TeV for generic choices of the parameters~\cite{NMFVbound}.
Given these constraints one should revisit the question
of how to introduce flavor physics in extra dimensional scenarios that
will reproduce CKM. An added motivation for this study comes from
the anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence~\cite{AdSCFT,AdSCFTpheno}.
We have learned over the past few years
that some simple extra dimensional setups behave like
weakly coupled duals of approximately conformal (walking)  technicolor theories~\cite{higgsless}.
Technicolor models are notorious for their problems with FCNC's and
the simplest known technicolor models incorporating a Glashow-Illiopoulos-Maiani (GIM)
mechanism \cite{GIM} are terrifyingly complex even for trained model builders~\cite{tcgim}.

In this paper we suggest an alternative general approach to flavor
physics in extra dimensions based on flavor symmetries. This
approach can be applied to warped space models including traditional Randall-Sundrum
1 (RS1), composite Higgs models or higgsless models, and also to flat
extra dimensional models (for example for gauge-Higgs unification models
in flat space).
The main feature of this construction is that the bulk has a large flavor symmetry, while the IR brane where the
SM Yukawa couplings are localized still preserves a large diagonal
subgroup of the symmetry. Flavor mixing is
then introduced via kinetic mixing terms of the right-handed (R) fields on the UV brane. Therefore, higher
dimensional flavor violating operators are forbidden by the flavor symmetries everywhere but on the UV brane. However
the suppression scale for flavor violating 4 fermi operators on the UV brane is very large, so higher dimensional
operators will never pose a flavor problem (contrary for example to UED models where there is a GIM mechanism for the lowest dimensional
operators~\cite{UEDGIM} but there is no suppression mechanism against flavor violation from higher dimensional operators).

We
will show that this approach can incorporate a  GIM
mechanism and reproduce
the SM CKM picture. Thus it can be viewed as the
simplest implementation of minimal flavor violation\footnote{Which posits that that all flavor violation and the CKM matrix arise from the same source.} (MFV)~\cite{MFV}
 in extra dimensional theories. The
downside of these constructions is that we are no longer trying to
{\it explain} the fermion mass hierarchy, rather we want to
accommodate it with the least amount of flavor structure.

In order to find a realistic implementation of this idea we also need
to make sure that the traditional  precision electroweak bounds are satisfied
beyond the flavor constraints. Incorporating a heavy top quark will
require us to slightly modify the simplest toy example, by making
sure that the large top quark mass does not feed into the electroweak
precision constraints of the light quarks (but still leaving sufficient
flavor symmetries). This can be achieved by using the
modified representations under the custodial symmetry for the quarks~\cite{newcustodial}.
We present two examples of this sort, one an example of minimal flavor
violation (MFV)~\cite{MFV}, and one of next-to-minimal flavor violation (NMFV)~\cite{NMFV} with no CP problem.

This paper is organized as follows. In Sec.~2 we introduce the basic construction for
flavor mixing via UV brane kinetic terms. We use symmetry arguments to show that
such a setup indeed has a GIM mechanism built in, and then also explain the origin
of the GIM mechanism in  5D language using wave function orthogonality. We also
show how the CKM matrix emerges in this picture. In Sec.~3 we give the CFT interpretation
of this setup, and also consider some of the bounds on the extra gauge bosons. In Sec.~4 we
show how a realistic model incorporating a heavy top can be obtained. We focus on models
with a light Higgs on the IR brane (such as the RS1 model~\cite{RS1,ADMS} or models with a composite Higgs~\cite{MCH})
and a Kaluza-Klein (KK) mass scale $\gtrsim 3$ TeV. The first model we present has a full GIM mechanism built in, and
we check explicitly that it can also be consistent with the other  precision electroweak
bounds. The second model is an implementation of next-to-minimal flavor violation (NMFV) (by which we mean that all additional flavor violation has to go through the
third generation), but we argue that it does not have a CP problem. We conclude in Sec.~5.

\section{Symmetry considerations}
\label{sec:symmetry} \setcounter{equation}{0}
\setcounter{footnote}{0}

We will be using the following setup: there will be an exact flavor
symmetry in the bulk separately for left-handed (L) and right-handed fermions\footnote{We will use L to describe the 5D Dirac fermion field that contains a Weyl (chiral) left-handed zero-mode in the absence of  Higgs Yukawa couplings, and similarily with R for right-handed. When we need to distinguish between left and right-handed components of the Dirac fermion we will use $\chi$ and $\psi$ respectively.}.
To be concrete, in this section we will consider three generations
of quarks, and we will leave to the reader the straighforward
extension to leptons. In order to incorporate a custodial symmetry
necessary to be in agreement with  precision electroweak tests we
assume that the bulk electroweak gauge group is
SU(2)$_L\times$SU(2)$_R\times$U(1)$_{X}$, broken to the SM gauge
group by boundary conditions on the UV brane,
SU(2)$_R\times$U(1)$_X\to$U(1)$_Y$. It will be further broken to
U(1)$_{em}$ on the IR brane, either by higgsing or boundary
conditions.  The largest global flavor
symmetry that we can impose in the bulk is a
U(3)$_Q\times$U(3)$_{uR}\times$U(3)$_{dR}$: this would be broken to
U(3)$_Q\times$U(3)$_{qR}$ by gauge interactions if the right-handed
quarks are embedded in the same multiplet of SU(2)$_R$. This
symmetry implies for example that the bulk masses of the fermions
with a given quantum number are precisely equal and that there is no
kinetic mixing. On the IR brane we assume that the quark Yukawa couplings
(or mass terms in Higgsless scenarios)
break the flavor symmetry to the family symmetry U(3)$_V$, the vector (diagonal) subgroup of the
three U(3)'s. This is achieved by flavor independent Yukawa couplings proportional to the identity
matrix in family space for both the
up-type and down-type quarks.\footnote{Note, that if we started with
a single right handed bulk multiplet for up and down at this stage
the unbroken flavor symmetry would be identical.} Finally, both the
splitting among the quark masses of different generations and flavor
mixing are achieved via kinetic mixing terms among the right handed
up-type and down-type quarks on the UV-brane where the gauge group
is broken to SU(2)$_L\times$ U(1)$_Y$, thus allowing kinetic
mixing that distinguish between up and down. The UV mixing terms will generically break the flavor
symmetry U(3)$_u\times$U(3)$_d\to$U(1)$_{uR}\times$U(1)$_{dR}$, where all R up-type quarks transform by the same phase under U(1)$_{uR}$. Such
a breaking pattern implies that, in order to avoid massless Goldstone
bosons or massless flavor gauge bosons in the bulk, the largest
flavor group that we can have in the bulk is
SU(3)$_Q\times$SU(3)$_{qR}$, independently of the fermion
representations. Thus if $uR$ and $dR$ are in different representations there must be
an additional source of breaking in the bulk to reduce the symmetry to SU(3)$_{qR}$.

We will now argue that this setup, together with the assumption that
only two kinetic mixing terms are allowed on the UV brane for up and
down quarks, in fact results in an extra dimensional GIM mechanism,
that is there will be no tree-level FCNC's generated, and  MFV via the
CKM matrix only.

To show this,
let us first turn off the charged current interactions. In the
neutral current sector in the bulk we have a bigger global symmetry,
U(3)$_{uL}
\times$U(3)$_{dL}\times$U(3)$_{uR}\times$U(3)$_{dR}$.  This
is due to the fact that neutral currents can not mix and up- and
down-type quarks.
On the IR brane the Yukawa couplings break the symmetry to the
vector (diagonal)  subgroup U(3)$_{uV}\times$U(3)$_{dV}$. So these are
the symmetries we can use to diagonalize the kinetic terms on the
UV brane. If we only have a kinetic mixing in the R quarks on
the UV brane, then we can use the
SU(3)$_{uV}\times$SU(3)$_{dV}$ symmetry to diagonalize the
kinetic terms. Note, that the extra U(1) factors leave the kinetic
mixing terms invariant, so they cannot be used to  further simplify
the kinetic matrix. While these kinetic terms will be diagonal, they
will not be proportional to the unit matrix, and so the diagonal
(non-equal) components clearly break the
U(3)$_u\times$U(3)$_d$ symmetry to
U(1)$_u\times$U(1)$_c\times$U(1)$_t\times$U(1)$_d\times$U(1)$_s\times$U(1)$_b$.
This symmetry is sufficient to eliminate FCNC's not just via the ordinary
$Z$-boson, but also through the $Z^\prime, g^\prime$, etc. KK modes. However,
non-universalities in the diagonal couplings will still be
generated at higher order in quark masses.

If there are additional kinetic mixings, for instance for the L
fields, on the UV brane, then (unless the kinetic matrices for the L
and R fields are simultaneously diagonalized) one will break the
flavor symmetry completely, and there will be FCNC's. This may also
happen if  the multiplets containing the right-handed quarks also
contain extra exotic quarks, made heavy via boudary conditions, that
mix with the SM ones via the Yukawa interactions (IR mass terms).

In the charged current (CC) sector there are no residual
diagonal U(1) symmetries, leading to the possibility of flavor
mixing in CC's. The reason behind the flavor violation in this setup
is that the U(1) flavor symmetries are misaligned in the bulk and
on the UV brane due to the kinetic mixing terms for the R
fermions. In fact, one needs to do a different rotation on the up and down-type
fields, which is not an invariance of the bulk.
This misalignment becomes physical in the CC interactions.

The origin of the GIM mechanism and the emergence of the
CKM matrix can be seen explicitly if we consider the bulk fields
$\chi_L$, an SU(2)$_L$ doublet that contains the left-handed
doublet, and $\psi_R^{u,d}$, the fields containing the right-handed
quarks. As already mentioned, it is not crucial which representation
of SU(2)$_R$ $\psi_R^{u,d}$ are embedded in, since this symmetry is
broken on the UV brane where the relevant flavor mixings are
introduced. In the following, we will use $\chi$ and $\psi$ to
indicate the left and right-handed helicity components of the bulk fields. On
the UV brane, we can write two kinetic terms of the form:

\begin{eqnarray}}% can be used as {equation} or  {eqnarray \mathcal{L}_{UV} =  \left. i \psi_R^\alpha\,  \sigma_\mu
D^\mu\,  \mathcal{K}^{\alpha \beta} \bar \psi_R^\beta
\right|_{z=z_{UV}}\,, \end{eqnarray} both for up and down quarks, with
different mixing matrices $\mathcal{K}_u$ and $\mathcal{K}_d$. To
simplify the notation, we will suppress the weak isospin index as
the following discussion can be separately applied both to up and
down quarks. $\mathcal{L}_{UV}$ determines the BC's on the UV brane
for the R fields:

\begin{eqnarray}}% can be used as {equation} or  {eqnarray \label{eq:BCUV} \chi_R (z_{UV}) = m\, \mathcal{K}\cdot \psi_R
(z_{UV})\,. \end{eqnarray} The key point is that this is the {\it only} source
of flavor mixing: in fact both the bulk equation of motion and the
remaining boundary conditions are flavor diagonal.
 We can therefore
solve the equations of motion for all the fields and impose the IR
BC's  (and remaining BC's on the UV brane): this is enough to
determine uniquely the wave functions up to an overall
normalization. The solutions will look like:

\begin{eqnarray}}% can be used as {equation} or  {eqnarray \label{eq:wf}
\begin{array}{cc}
\chi_{L}^\alpha = A^\alpha f_L (m, z)\, ,  & \chi_{R}^\alpha = A^\alpha f_R (m, z)\, , \\
\psi_{L}^\alpha = A^\alpha g_L (m, z)\, ,& \psi_{R}^\alpha = A^\alpha
g_R (m, z)\, .
\end{array} \end{eqnarray}
It is crucial here that the functions $f_{L,R}$ and $g_{L,R}$ do not
carry any flavor index: all the flavor information is in the
normalization vectors $A$. The specific form of the functions $f,g$
depends on the detail of the bulk physics and will not play any role
for our argument.

The remaining BC's in Eq.~(\ref{eq:BCUV}) determine the masses of
the SM fermions and their KK excitations:

\begin{eqnarray}}% can be used as {equation} or  {eqnarray
\begin{array}{c}
f_R (m, z_{UV}) A = m\, g_R (m, z_{UV})\, \mathcal{K}\cdot A \\
\Downarrow\\
\mathcal{K}\cdot A = \frac{f_R (m, z_{UV})}{m\, g_R (m, z_{UV})}\, A
\end{array}
\label{eveq} \end{eqnarray} This implies that the $A$'s are the eigenvectors
of $\mathcal{K}$ and the eigenvalues of $\mathcal{K}$ will determine
the fermion masses. If the unitary matrix $U$ diagonalizes
$\mathcal{K}$, that is $\mathcal{K} = U \mathcal{K}^{diag}
U^\dagger$, then the normalized eigenvectors are given by
\begin{equation}
A^{\alpha}_{(i )}= U^{\alpha}_i ,
\end{equation}
where the lower index on $A$ indicates which mass eigenstate we are
considering, and the upper index is the index in flavor space. Thus
the U matrix determines in which direction in flavor space the
various mass eigenstates are pointing.  The solutions of
(\ref{eveq}) will thus consist of 3 distinct towers of fermions
(that include the light SM fermions) corresponding to the KK towers
of the three generations. The actual spectrum is then determined by
the equations

\begin{eqnarray}}% can be used as {equation} or  {eqnarray
 \frac{f_R (m_i, z_{UV})}{m_i\, g_R (m_i, z_{UV})} = k_i\,, \quad i = 1\dots 3
\end{eqnarray} where $k_i$ are the eigenvalues of the matrix $\mathcal{K}$.
These equations will determine the masses of the light quarks, and
their KK states.

It is now simple to verify our claims: in the neutral sector, all
the couplings are diagonal. In fact, they will either come from bulk
or IR brane kinetic terms and thus be proportional to $U^\dagger U =
1$, or from the UV brane kinetic terms and thus will be proportional to
$U^\dagger \mathcal{K} U = \mathcal{K}^{diag}$. Let us stress here
that this conclusion can be applied not only to the SM light
particles, but also to fermion and gauge resonances. For the charged
$W$ and its resonances, the couplings are diagonal in flavor space.
However, if the matrices $\mathcal{K}_u$ and $\mathcal{K}_d$ are
misaligned, the couplings to the mass eigenstates will be
proportional to $U^\dagger_u U_d = V_{CKM}$: this defines the CKM
mixing matrix in this scenario. Note that this conclusion can be
applied to not just to the $W$ KK states, but also to extra charged vectors arising from
SU(2)$_R$ since they vanish on the UV brane, so their
couplings are necessarily flavor diagonal.

Finally, the model may also contain extra exotic massive quarks that
can couple to the SM ones via the $W$: in this case, such couplings
may be proportional to a different mixing matrix, for instance
$U_u^\dagger U_{q'} \neq V_{CKM}$. However, their effect is model
dependent and will only enter at loop level.

Let us now count how many mixing parameters and CP violating phases
one has in this setup. We assume that we have $N$
generations,  and we are allowing a separate kinetic mixing matrix
for the right-handed up and down quarks. These kinetic mixing terms
are described by two hermitian $N\times N$ matrices, and therefore
in total there are $2N^2$ real parameters. The parameters of a
general hermitian matrix can be divided into the real diagonal
components, the number of off-diagonal components and the phases
of the off-diagonal components. Thus in total we have $2\times (N+
N(N-1)/2)= N(N+1)$ real parameters, and $N(N-1)$
phases. We are free to make single SU($N$) unitary transformation on both up-type and
down-type quarks simultaneously, since this is an unobservable redefinition of flavor,
that leaves the physics invariant. This SU($N$) symmetry accounts for $N(N-1)/2$ real
parameters and $(N-1)(N+2)/2$ phases. Thus we
are left with $2N+N(N-1)/2$ observable real parameters, however $2N$ of these
correspond to the quark masses. So there will be $N(N-1)/2$ mixing
angles. We are also left with $(N-1)(N-2)/2$ physical
phases. This exactly reproduces the usual CKM picture of CP
violation.

\section{Holographic interpretation in warped space}
\label{sec:CFT} \setcounter{equation}{0} \setcounter{footnote}{0}

The setup used in this paper has a natural four dimensional
explanation in terms of the AdS/CFT correspondence. The
conjecture is that a 5D theory in AdS space is equivalent to a 4D
conformal field theory. In our  case we are considering a finite
slice of AdS$_5$. The UV (or Planck) brane would correspond to the
CFT having a UV cutoff, and the IR (or TeV) brane to spontaneous
breaking of conformal invariance by strong dynamics. Here we are in
addition requiring that there are some additional {\it global
symmetries} in the 5D theory. This is somewhat unusual, since the
usual lore about AdS/CFT is that a global symmetry of the CFT
corresponds to a {\it gauge} symmetry in the bulk. If we accept that
this is the only reasonable interpretation, we can still make this
bulk gauge symmetry behave almost like a global symmetry by
taking the bulk gauge coupling to be very small.

The CFT interpretation is the following: there is a CFT,
which  has a global symmetry U(3)$_Q\times$U(3)$_{qR}$. This global
symmetry is then spontaneously broken by the CFT interactions that
become strong in the IR (which  is related to the breaking of the
conformal invariance and also of electroweak symmetry) to U(3)$_V$.
The SM fermions are linear combinations of elementary fermions and
of composite states. The elementary fermions do not feel electroweak
symmetry breaking directly, only through the mixing with the
composite modes. The elementary left handed fields respect the same
U(3)$_Q$ flavor symmetry as the conformal sector. However, due to
the misalignment of the kinetic terms of the elementary right-handed
fermions, the U(3)$_{uR}\times$U(3)$_{dR}$ symmetry of the  elementary
sector and the U(3)$_{qR}$ symmetry of the conformal sector are
broken down to U(1)$_{qR}$. Since the CFT also spontaneously breaks
U(3)$_Q\times$U(3)$_{qR}$ to U(3)$_V$ in the end overall there is no
flavor symmetry left unbroken (except of U(1)$_V$ which is
identified with overall baryon number), leading to the possibility
of quark mixing. However, as explained in Sec.~\ref{sec:symmetry}
this global symmetry breaking pattern is sufficient to ensure that
in the neutral current sector there is a
U(1)$_u\times$U(1)$_c\times$U(1)$_t\times$U(1)$_d\times$U(1)$_s\times$U(1)$_b$
symmetry unbroken protecting the theory from FCNC's.

Finally, we need to discuss the fate of the bulk gauge bosons (which
are the consequence of the global symmetry of the CFT). In the CFT
language these will just be a towers of spin 1 modes. As already
discussed, we can reduce the global symmetries of the CFT (i.e. the
gauged symmetries in the bulk) to SU(3)$_Q\times$SU(3)$_{qR}$
without affecting our symmetry argument: this minimal choice ensures
the absence of massless degrees of freedom (like scalar goldstone
bosons and/or massless gauge bosons). Since the elementary sector breaks
SU(3)$_{qR}$, the only gauge symmetry that survives on the UV brane
 is SU(3)$_Q$. Therefore, in addition to the usual
tower of KK states with masses proportional to the IR scale $R'$,
there will be a lighter adjoint of SU(3)$_Q$. The mass of this
flavor gauge bosons is model dependent, but will generically be
suppressed with respect to the IR scale by $\sqrt{\log R'/R}$.
Numerically, it will be roughtly a factor of 10 lighter than the
first KK state, and as low as the $W$ mass in Higgsless models.

One may worry that these new gauge bosons whose masses can be quite
low will themselves mediate flavor changing interactions and
therefore impose an incredibly tight bound on the gauge couplings.
However, as we will show, this is not the case. In fact, the only
source for flavor violation here is the misalignment between the up
and down type quarks. Such misalignment is given by the matrices
$U_u$ and $U_d$ that diagonalize the UV kinetic terms
$\mathcal{K}_u$ and $\mathcal{K}_d$. Therefore, the mass eigenstates
will couple to different combinations of flavor gauge bosons: for
example, in the left-handed sector we have couplings like:

\begin{equation}
i g_Q \bar{u}_\ell^i\gamma_\mu u_\ell^j\, [U^\dagger_u \cdot T^a \cdot U_u]_{ij}\, W_{Q \
\mu}^a, \ \ i g_Q \bar{d}_\ell^i\gamma_\mu d_\ell^j\, [U^\dagger_d \cdot T^a \cdot U_d]_{ij}\,
W_{Q \ \mu}^a\,;
\end{equation}
where $T^a$ are the generators of SU(3)$_Q$. We can immediately see
that no flavor changing operator will involve only up or down type
quarks (which would in fact correspond to highly constrained
FCNC's). Therefore, the only flavor violating 4-fermion operators
must involve the exchange of a $W_Q$ gauge boson between up and down
currents, where the misalignment has a physical effect:
\begin{equation}
(\bar{u}_\ell^i \gamma_\mu u_\ell^j)\, (\bar{d}_\ell^k \gamma^\mu
d_\ell^l)\,.
\end{equation}
The explicit calculation shows that the coefficient of this operator
is given by
\begin{equation}
U_u^{\dagger\ ii'} U_u^{jj'} U_d^{\dagger\ kk'} U_d^{nn'}
\frac{g_Q^2}{M_{W_Q}^2} \sum_a T^a_{i'j'}T^a_{k'n'}
\end{equation}
Using an SU(3) and a Dirac Fierz identity this operator is equivalent to (up to
flavor conserving terms)
\begin{equation}
-\frac{g_Q^2}{2 M_{W_Q}^2} \left[ V_{in} \bar{u}_\ell^i \gamma_\mu
d_\ell^n \right]\left[ V_{kj}^\dagger \bar{d}_\ell^k \gamma_\mu u_\ell^j
\right]
\end{equation}
This is exactly equivalent to the effect of the ordinary W-boson,
with a suppressed gauge coupling $g_Q$ replacing the standard
SU(2)$_L$ coupling $g$. Thus we conclude that the MFV prescription also applies to the
flavor gauge bosons and there is no bound on such operators from flavor
physics. The actual bounds will come from the traditional electroweak precision
bounds on flavor conserving operators. The induced four fermi operators
will be of the form $qqqq$
and thus are not very strongly constrained by  precision electroweak
measurements. A few TeV suppression scale should be sufficient. In
the  SU(3)$_{uR}$, SU(3)$_{dR}$ sector this can be ensured if the
effective 4D gauge coupling is smaller by a factor of 2-3 than the
ordinary SM weak couplings. This can be achieved by choosing
$g_{5,u}\sim g_{5d} \leq 0.3 g_{5L}$. However, as we discussed the
gauge boson corresponding to the
SU(3)$_Q\times$U(1)$_{uR}\times$U(1)$_{dR}$ symmetry can be much lighter
than the others, due to the fact that it is not broken explicitly in
the elementary sector (but only spontaneously by the CFT). Thus its
coupling must be much smaller than that of SU(3)$_{uR}$, SU(3)$_{dR}$. One
may worry that as we take the gauge coupling to zero the mass of
this gauge boson will vanish. However, we know from higgsless models
that this is not the case, and we expect that these gauge bosons
could have a mass at least that of the ordinary $W,Z$ (and in general of order $1/(R'\sqrt{\log R'/R})$).
To suppress contributions to 4-fermi operators by a few TeV one should make sure
that the gauge coupling in this sector (assuming $1/R' \sim 1$TeV) is at most $g_{5Q} \leq 0.1
g_{5L}$. In this case all 4 fermi operators induced by this very
weakly coupled gauge boson will be negligible.

\section{Applications to models}
\label{sec:models} \setcounter{equation}{0}
\setcounter{footnote}{0}

In this section we show how the general ideas explained above can be applied to obtain concrete
realistic warped space models with flavor symmetry. We will be focusing on the
RS1 model~\cite{RS1,ADMS} and the Minimal Composite Higgs (MCH)~\cite{MCH} model.
In these models there is a light Higgs localized on or around the TeV
brane with the usual SM VEV of size $\sim 246$ GeV. In both cases unitarization
of WW scattering happens via Higgs exchange, and the KK resonances of the
$W,Z,g$ are heavy $m_{KK}\geq 2$ TeV, corresponding to $1/R'\geq 1$ TeV. The
main difference is that in RS1 there is a little hierarchy problem (i.e. there is
no understanding of why $vR'\ll 1$), while in the MCH model
this is explained since the Higgs is also a pseudo-Goldstone boson of an
approximate global SO(5) symmetry (which also incorporates custodial SU(2)). From the
point of view of fermion representations the main difference is that in RS1 the
bulk fermions are in $(2,1)+(1,2)$ of SU(2)$)_L\times$SU(2)$_R$, while in the
MCH they are in the spinor 4 of SO(5).

\begin{figure}[tb]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=8cm]{RprimeVscL.pdf}\quad \includegraphics[width=7.5cm]{S_vs_cL.pdf}
\end{center}
\caption{Left panel: We show the lower bounds on $1/R'$ as a function of $c_L$ for which $|S| < 1,0.5,0.25$ (bottom to top). Right panel: $S$ in RS1 as a function of the bulk mass $c_L$ for $1/R'= 2$ and $4$ TeV. In both cases we have set $c_R=0$.} \label{S}
\end{figure}

The GIM mechanism outlined in the previous sections can be applied
without any complication to the first two generations of quarks for
both models. The reason is that  if  the heaviest quark mass
is the charm then any overall deviation of fermion wave functions
from those of zero modes will be proportional to $(m_c R')^2 \sim
10^{-6}$. This is no longer true if one also includes the top quark.
Then  $(m_t R')^2 \sim 10^{-2}$, so a percent-level overall shift in
the fermionic gauge couplings would follow. Since these couplings
are measured at the $\sim 0.1\%$ level this would be inconsistent
with the  precision electroweak observables. If all fermions
(including leptons) had a universal $c_L$ and Dirac mass on the TeV
brane, then this could be reinterpreted as a large negative shift in
the effective $S$-parameter, which is unacceptable. This is
illustrated in the right panel of Fig.~\ref{S}, where we show the effective
$S$-parameter as a function of $c_L$ and of $1/R'$ for the RS1 case.
Note that one striking difference of this plot vs. that for
traditional RS1 with bulk fermions is that the $S$-parameter does
not cross through zero around $c_L\sim 1/2$. A simple explanation of
this overall shift in $S$ is the following: the large top mass
usually accompanies an unacceptably large shift in the left handed
couplings of the bottom. By introducing the flavor symmetry we
eliminate the {\it relative} shifts in the couplings, at the price
of introducing an {\it overall} shift that is S. To avoid this we
clearly need to treat the third generation separately. A nice
solution for avoiding a large correction in the $Zb\bar{b}$ coupling
has been proposed by Agashe et al.~\cite{newcustodial}. The main
idea is to use different embeddings of the SM fermions into the
custodial symmetry. The simplest possibility for a single generation
is the following:
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{cccc}
 & SU(2)_L & SU(2)_R & U(1)_X \\
 Q_L & \Yfund & \Yfund & \frac{2}{3} \vphantom{\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}}\\
 t_R & 1 & 1 & \frac{2}{3}\vphantom{\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}} \\
 b_R & 1 & \Ysymm & \frac{2}{3}\vphantom{\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}} \\
 \end{array}
 \label{newcustodial}
\end{equation}

Zero-modes for the additional fields are projected out using the
BC's. We can then eliminate/reduce FCNC's in two separate ways using
these representations.

\vspace*{0.2cm}

{\bf Model 1.}

\vspace*{0.2cm}

In this setup there are no FCNC's (thus it corresponds to a MFV scenario, i.e. a model
with a built-in GIM mechanism),  no large corrections to the
$Zb\bar{b}$ coupling, and no large vertex corrections (or $S$-parameter). The proposal is to
use the representations in (\ref{newcustodial}) for all three
generations, and to also break the flavor symmetry in the up-sector
from U(3) to U(1)$^3$ by adding different bulk and TeV brane localized masses
for the 3 up-type quarks. This will allow us to avoid a large
overall correction for the light quark couplings,
since the light quark wave functions will not be modified strongly
by the Dirac masses. The use of the unconventional representations
will protect the bottom quark from large vertex corrections (but not
the top or other up-type quarks). The Dirac masses on the TeV brane are assumed to be of the
form (in flavor space)
\begin{equation}
Q_L^s \left( \begin{array}{ccc} m_u \\ & m_c \\ & & m_t \end{array}
\right) t_R + m_b\,  Q_L^t \left( \begin{array}{ccc} 1 \\ & 1 \\ & & 1
\end{array} \right) b_R
\end{equation}
where $Q_L^{s,t}$ are the singlet and triplet components  under SU(2)$_D$ of the bidoublet $Q_L$
and we have inserted a bifundamental Higgs VEV. The key
observation is that the breaking of the up-type flavor symmetry to
U(1)$^3$ does not get communicated into the bottom sector due to the
fact that $t_R$ is a singlet under the custodial symmetry and thus
this mass term does not involve any quarks with the quantum numbers
of the bottom that could potentially mix with the bottom (this is
unlike the case using the standard representations where the $(t_R,b_R)$ are in a doublet of SU(2)$_R$).
Thus
in the NC sector the full flavor symmetry in the down-type quark
sector is unbroken on the TeV brane. Then if we introduce all flavor
mixing via UV brane localized kinetic mixing terms for the down-type
quarks only, all FCNC's will be avoided, so that this setup also has
a GIM mechanism.

What needs to be checked is that this setup is also consistent with
other  precision electroweak constraints. In particular the main worry is
that since we are still requiring an SU(3)$_L$ flavor symmetry for the
left handed quarks the requirement for a large top mass may still
result in a large vertex corrections. Generic electroweak precision bounds on
models using the new representations under custodial symmetry were presented in~\cite{newcustodialbounds}.
Note however, that the choice of the new representations
under the custodial symmetry is designed such that the down-type left handed quarks
do not get much of a vertex correction, while there is no protection mechanism for the up-type quarks.
Therefore by construction the corrections are non-oblique and one should not use the
the oblique parameter formalism to estimate the sizes of the corrections.
A simple scheme~\cite{CCMT} to estimate the bounds from the  precision electroweak observables
is to simply fix the $W,Z$ masses and
the electromagnetic couplings as the input parameters, and shift all corrections
into vertex corrections to $Z$ and $W$ couplings. The leptons are not a problem: they can be either in the bulk or localized near the Planck brane, depending on how low $1/R'$ is. Concerning the quarks, right handed up and down-type quarks are near the Planck brane (except for the top, whose couplings are not strongly constrained), thus the deviation of their couplings to the $Z$ is under control. Since there is an explicit protection mechanism
for the left handed down-type quarks, the only potentially dangerous corrections are those to the light left handed up-type
quarks. To find the experimental bounds on this model from this effect we have first calculated the
maximal value of $c_L$ for which a sufficiently heavy top
mass can still be obtained for perturbative values of the Yukawa
couplings. This bound turns out to be relatively insensitive to the values of
$R'$ and the bound is around $c_L \leq 0.47$. However, this bound is somewhat sensitive to the
localization parameter $c_R$ of the right handed top. What one then needs to check is
the correction to the vertex corrections to $g_{Z{u_L}{u_L}}$ are not too large. Note, that
the main constraints on this coupling come from the measurements involving hadronic final states at
LEP, for example $\Gamma (Z)$ and $\sigma ({\rm hadron})$. Using the method of~\cite{CCMS} we estimate that
a reasonable 3 sigma bound on the deviation of this coupling is about $\pm 0.4$ percent. In addition we also
need to make sure that the couplings to the KK $Z^\prime$ bosons or KK gluons will not be too large to generate
flavor invariant 4 fermi operators. Our results are summarized in Fig.~\ref{newcustodianPlot}
where we show that unless
$1/R'$ is very small the shift in $g_{Z{u_L}{u_L}}$ is acceptably small,
while the coupling of the light fermions to the KK $Z^\prime$ always remain within an acceptable range. A bound
on $1/R'$ of order $\sim 1 - 1.5$ TeV follows from these constraints. In Table~\ref{table:example}
we show an example for the shifts in the couplings for an allowed point in the parameter space
for a low value of $1/R'$. Another electroweak precision bound that one may consider (depending on the exact
treatment of the right handed up quarks) are four fermi operators of the form $eeu_Ru_R$. These will be generated
if the bulk SU(3)$_{u_R}$ flavor symmetry is maintained (i.e. we use the same $c_R$ for all $u_R$'s). In this case the
light $u_R$'s will have an enhanced coupling to the KK $Z'$ mode. This operator is only constrained from the
LEP2 $e^+e^-\to q\bar{q}$ cross section measurement and its coefficient is not very strongly constrained. Also, the enhancement
of the $u_R$ couplings is partly offset by the suppression of the electron couplings due to them being localized on
the UV brane. Using the $\chi^2$ provided in~\cite{Witek} we have checked that these operators do not further reduce
the allowed parameter space in Fig.~\ref{newcustodianPlot}.

\begin{table}[th]
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l||l|l|l|l|}
\hline
u & $\gamma_L^u = -3.1   $ & $\omega_L = -0.48$ & $\gamma_R^u =0.76  $ & $\omega_R < 10^{-7}$ \\
d & $\gamma_L^d = 1.4  $ &                     & $\gamma_R^d =-0.012 $ & \\
\hline
c & $\gamma_L^c = -3.1  $ &$\omega_L=-0.48$  & $\gamma_R^c =0.76  $ & $\omega_R  < 10^{-3}$ \\
s & $\gamma_L^s = 1.4 $ &                 & $\gamma_R^s =-0.016$      &  \\
\hline
t & $\gamma_L^t = -3.9 $ & $\omega_L=-0.85$ & $\gamma_R^t = 20 $ & $\omega_R = -2.2 $\\
b & $\gamma_L^b =  1.4  $ &               & $\gamma_R^b =-7.1$    &  \\
\hline

\end{tabular}
\caption{
Per mille relative deviations of the effective couplings to the SM values of the fermion gauge coupling strengths
for a particular allowed point from Fig.~\ref{newcustodianPlot},
 chosen to correspond to $1/R'=1.5$ TeV, $c_L =0.47$, $c_R=-0.51$,
and $c_{tR}=1$. We parameterize the deviation by
$g^Z_{f_L} = ( 1+\gamma_L^f ) \frac{g}{\cos \theta_W} (
T_3 - \sin^2 \theta_W\, Q )\,$, $ g^W_{f_L} =(
1+\omega_L^f ) g\,$ and similarly for the right-handed couplings.
}\label{table:example}
\end{center} \end{table}

\begin{figure}[tb]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=10cm]{CLvsRprime.pdf}
\end{center}
\caption{The allowed region of the parameter space in Model 1 with MFV. The upper dash-dotted curve shows the
perturbativity bound on the parameter $c_L$ assuming that the right handed top is strongly localized on the
TeV brane (we chose $c_R=1$, and required that the Yukawa coupling is less than four). The middle
solid curve shows the region where the deviation of the coupling of the left handed up-type quark is
below 0.5\%. The allowed region is the shaded one between these two curves. The lowest dashed curve shows
the bound from the coupling of the KK mode of the $Z$ coupling to light left handed quarks. Such a coupling would
generically induce four fermi operators involving leptons. The bound obtained in this plot is requiring that
the $q/M_{Z'}$ ratio of coupling to mass is less than 1/(5 TeV)~\cite{CCMS}.
We can see that this bound is irrelevant for the allowed region.} \label{newcustodianPlot}
\end{figure}

Next we can check that the number of flavor parameters really agree with that expected from the
ordinary CKM mechanism. The mixing is described now by a single hermitian kinetic
mixing matrix for the right handed down quarks, which is parametrized by
$N(N+1)/2$ real numbers (angles) and $N(N-1)/2$ phases. Of these real numbers $N$ correspond
to the quark masses in the down sector, and we can still use the U(1)$^N$ unbroken
flavor symmetry to remove $N-1$ phases (one overall is baryon number). Thus we
again end up with $N(N-1)/2$ mixing angles and $(N-1)(N-2)/2$ CP violating phases
as expected.

Finally, we comment on the possible presence of familons and alignment issues in this model. The symmetry breaking
pattern is the following. On the UV brane we have and SU(3)$_L\times$SU(3)$_{u_R}$ symmetry, in the
bulk we have SU(3)$_L\times$SU(3)$_{d_R}\times$U(1)$_{u_R}^3$ while on the TeV brane just
U(1)$_{diag}^3$. Since the coupling of the $u_R$ quarks turns out to be quite insensitive to
the value of $c_R$, we are not necessarily forced to break the SU(3)$_{u_R}$ symmetry in the
bulk to U(1)$_{u_R}^3$. In the case of a bulk SU(3)$_{u_R}$ symmetry we would not have to
deal with the question of why the U(1)$^3$ symmetries in the bulk and the brane are aligned. If we do
break the symmetry in the bulk, we have to insist that the same spurion is used to break the bulk and the
brane symmetries.

In the CFT interpretation there is a gauged SU(3)$_L\times$U(1)$_{u_R}^3$ symmetry (or
SU(3)$_L\times$ SU(3)$_R$) and
an additional SU(3)$_{d_R}$ global symmetry, all of which are broken by the CFT to a U(1)$_{diag}^3$ global symmetry. Thus
there would be familons corresponding to the breaking of SU(3)$_{d_R}$. In order to make these
appropriately heavy there has to be an additional explicit breaking of this symmetry, which in the 5D picture
corresponds to a bulk Higgs for SU(3)$_{d_R}$ which is however not coupled to the bulk fermion fields.
Such a bulk Higgs can also make bulk gauge bosons arbitrarily heavy and effectively decouple them while leaving
a global symmetry in the fermion sector.

\vspace*{0.2cm}

{\bf Model 2.}

\vspace*{0.2cm}

In this scenario, we treat the third generation differently from the two light generations, and therefore we only impose a SU(2)$\times$U(1) flavor symmetry.
The symmetry breaking pattern will be the same as in Sec.~\ref{sec:symmetry} with SU(3) replaced by this reduced symmetry.
The new feature of this scenario is that the third generation can have different bulk and IR masses, and even be in different representations of the bulk gauge symmetries.
We will  leave the light generations in the usual representations and localized towards the UV brane, while the third
generation is in the new custodial representation and can be localized near the IR brane.
As a result we will clearly not have a
problem with a large shift in the $S$-parameter and the deviation of
the $Zb\bar{b}$ coupling will be sufficiently reduced due to the use
of the representations (\ref{newcustodial}).
The drawback of this scenario is that FCNC's will be generated, not only involving the top and bottom, but also for the light generations.
However, due to the SU(2) symmetry, those FCNC's will have a particular form and may result in weaker bounds than in the usual RS1 case~\cite{Gustavo, warpedconstraints}.

Let us first note that due to the heaviness of the top quark, the right handed top should be
strongly localized on the TeV brane: therefore the effective kinetic mixing terms in
the right handed up-sector only involve the first two generations
(since the wave function of the right handed top is negligible on
the UV brane). This matrix can be diagonalized using the SU(2) symmetry, so that all the off-diagonal terms are in the down sector.
As a consequence, FCNCs in the up-quark sector are negligible.

In the down sector the situation is more complicated, since the R bottom is also localized towards the UV brane and we do need to generate a mixing with the third generation.
The difference with respect to the case analysed in Sec.~\ref{sec:symmetry} is that the wave function of the third generation is different from the wave function of the light generations.
This means that the elements of the mixing matrix $\mathcal{K}$ will acquire different coefficients, depending on the quantity we are interested in: for instance, the matrices entering the boundary conditions and the couplings of the right-handed down quarks to the $Z$ will be different.
However, due to the SU(2) symmetry, the effect of the different wave functions will preserve a block structure as follows:
\begin{eqnarray}}% can be used as {equation} or  {eqnarray \left( \begin{array}{cc}
a \mathcal{K}_{(12)} & b \mathcal{K}_{(13)} \\
b \mathcal{K}^T_{(13)} & c \mathcal{K}_{33}
\end{array} \right)
\end{eqnarray}
where $\mathcal{K}_{(12)},\mathcal{K}_{(13)},\mathcal{K}_{33}$ are the appropriate blocks of
the UV kinetic mixing matrix, and the coefficients $a,b,c$ depend
on the details of the wave functions and the quantity we are calculating.
If we diagonalize the $2\times 2$ block $\mathcal{K}_{(12)}$ with an SU(2) rotation, we only generate the Cabibbo angle in the couplings of the $W$,
but no FCNC in the couplings with neutral gauge bosons, as in Sec.~\ref{sec:symmetry}.
We still have off-diagonal terms proportional to $\mathcal{K}_{(13)}$ that cannot be diagonalized in the same way due to the effect of the different wave functions.
However, in this basis every flavor changing effect involving the
down quark must be proportional to the top component of the vector
$\mathcal{K}_{(13)}$ since this is the only flavor violating matrix element
involving the down quark. The CKM matrix connecting the
down to the third generation must also be directly proportional to
this matrix element, since there is no flavor mixing involving the
top directly. Applying a similar argument for the strange quark we
find that the flavor changing couplings must always be suppressed by
the appropriate CKM matrix elements:
\begin{eqnarray}}% can be used as {equation} or  {eqnarray \label{eq:pattern}
g_{Zds} &\sim& V_{td} V_{ts} \delta\\
g_{Zdb} &\sim& V_{td} \delta \\
g_{Zsb} &\sim& V_{ts} \delta \end{eqnarray}
This pattern will show up for the couplings of the $Z$ as well as other neutral massive bosons, and for both L and R fermions.
This means that this model is a simple implementation of  NMFV,
where all flavor violation is due to the flavor violating interactions with the third generation.
The main difference compared to the traditional RS models is that here the NMFV structure of the corrections (by which we mean that all additional flavour
violation must proceed through the third generation) is due to symmetries (rather
than smallness of wave function overlaps) and thus here there will never be any direct contributions to $K\bar{K}$ mixing that are
not proportional to the CKM matrix elements involving the third generation.

We can also easily understand the origin of the parameter $\delta$. There are two sources for gauge boson couplings:
bulk kinetic terms and the brane localized kinetic mixing terms. The bulk kinetic terms are diagonal
but not necessarily universal due to the different wave function for the bottom, thus take the
form diag$(g_1,g_1,g_3)$ in flavor space before diagonalizing the localized mixing terms. The localized mixing
terms have an arbitrary structure in the down sector, but the main point is that once the kinetic terms are
diagonalized so will the resulting contributions to the neutral gauge boson couplings as well. Therefore, the
only source of off-diagonal couplings is the difference $\delta \propto g_3-g_1$. For the case of left handed fields
there is no localized kinetic term so $g_3-g_1$ is directly proportional to $g_{Z{b_L}{b_L}} - g_{Z{d_L}{d_L}}$. However
for the right handed fields there can also be a contribution to $\delta$ from hierarchies in ${\cal K}_d$. Thus the precise value
of $\delta$ for the right handed fields is likely to be quite model dependent.

Now we can estimate the bounds on the model using the above structure for the corrections.
For simplicity we
will apply a bound of the form~\cite{Zprime}
\begin{eqnarray}}% can be used as {equation} or  {eqnarray \frac{g_{Zds}}{g}
\frac{m_Z}{m_{Z^\prime}}  < 10^{-5} \end{eqnarray}
where $Z^\prime$ stands for an arbitrary neutral gauge boson in the model.

If we apply this for the $Z$ in the
left handed sector we find that the requirement is
\begin{eqnarray}}% can be used as {equation} or  {eqnarray
\frac{\delta_{Zbb}}{g} < 3\%
\end{eqnarray}
which is weaker than the
direct bound from  precision electroweak observables. For the effects
of the $Z^\prime$ in the L sector we find (assuming that there is
not much suppression in the coupling of the light L quarks
to the $Z^\prime$ compared to the SM value)
\begin{equation}
m_{Z^\prime} > 10^5\, V_{td} V_{ts} \, m_Z\, \sim (3\, \mbox{TeV})
\end{equation}
A slightly stronger bound would be obtained by considering the KK mode of the gluon field.
For the right-handed quarks, the presence of non-diagonal kinetic terms makes the analysis more involved:
however, we can observe that all the right-handed down quarks are very localized on the UV brane,
so that their couplings to the KK gauge bosons are suppressed by a log factor compared to the SM ones:

\begin{equation}
\delta \sim \frac{g}{\sqrt{\log R'/R}}
\end{equation}
The bound on the mass of the $Z^\prime$ is therefore weaker than from the
L sector considered above. However, we do not have a reliable
estimate for the suppression of the flavor violating right handed
couplings of the ordinary $Z$, which may be still be a problem and
needs to be calculated numerically.

We can see one additional advantage of this setup versus the traditional split-fermion approach
to RS flavor, and that is when considering the additional CP phases. In the traditional setup
there is a CP problem, i.e. there are additional physical CP phases that have no reason to be
small, and which will tighten the bounds on the KK scale to $\sim 8$ TeV~\cite{NMFVbound}. However,
in this setup the symmetries will forbid the appearance of an additional physical CP
phase. As we have seen in this setup all flavor violating parameters originate from the
mixing matrices ${\cal K}_{u,d}$.\footnote{The bulk mass parameters are real, while the phases of the IR brane
Yukawa couplings can be absorbed into the fermion fields without affecting the mixing matrices on the UV brane.}
For the model under consideration ${\cal K}_d$ is a generic
$3 \times 3$ hermitian matrix and ${\cal K}_u$ a generic $2 \times 2$ hermitian matrix. Thus ${\cal K}_d$
contains 3 complex phases, while ${\cal K}_u$ contains 1. However, the remaining symmetry of the bulk +
IR brane sector is SU(2)$\times$U(1)$\times$U(1)$_B$. The U(1)$_B$ corresponding to baryon number has no effect
on the phases in ${\cal K}_{u,d}$, however the remaining SU(2)$\times$U(1) can still be used to eliminate
non-physical phases. Since SU(2)$\times$U(1) contains 3 phases, we conclude that in total there is just a
single CP violating phase in this setup, which should be identified with the CP phase from the
CKM mechanism. Thus there is no possibility for an additional CP problem to emerge here.

\section{Conclusions}
\label{sec:conclusions} \setcounter{equation}{0}
\setcounter{footnote}{0}

In this work we have explored how to implement an alternative realization of the SM flavor
structure in warped extra dimensional models. The accepted approach is to use the split fermion
scenario where hierarchies are obtained from overlaps of wave functions. Here we
asked how a more traditional picture based on flavor symmetries can be implemented. We found that
if there is a sufficiently large bulk+IR brane flavor symmetry, a GIM mechanism can be
incorporated preventing the generation of FCNC's. In this case all the mixing is obatined
from UV brane localized kinetic mixings. Inclusion of a large top mass (together with
electroweak precision constraints) forces us to modify this minimal setup. Models with MFV
can be obtained by putting all SM quarks into new representations under the custodial SU(2)
symmetry, while models with NMFV are obtained by using the new representations only for the
third generation quarks.

\section*{Acknowledgments}

We thank Kaustubh Agashe, Yuval Grossman and Gilad Perez for useful discussions
and comments. The research of C.C. and A.W. is supported in part by
the NSF grant PHY-0355005 and in part by the DOE OJI grant
DE-FG02-01ER41206. A.W. is grateful to the Aspen
Center for Physics, where portions of this work were completed.
The research of G.C., J.G., G.M. and J.T. is
supported in part by the US Department of Energy under contract
DE-FG03-91ER40674.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Plant a Tree for Helen
Helen Marie (Wantz) Roop
Helen Marie (Wantz) Roop, 87, of Keymar, MD died of natural causes on Saturday, October 10, 2020 at Lorien Taneytown.
Born October 10, 1933 in Pleasant Valley, MD, she was the daughter of the late Archie C. Wantz and Mary Elizabeth (Warehime) Wantz. She was preceded in death by her sister and brother, Hazel and Martin. She was married to her high school sweetheart, Norval Leroy Roop, on July 21, 1951, who predeceased her in 1991.
Helen graduated in 1951 from Taneytown High School, where she served as class president during her senior year. She was a dairy farmer's wife for 13 years, and was employed as a store clerk, office worker, and all-around Girl Friday by Busy Bee Cleaners in Littlestown for 10 years. She then went to work in the Finance Office of the Carroll County government for 23 years, where she became the Accounts Payable supervisor, from which she retired in 1994.
She loved the outdoors and was known for always being on the go, having to keep busy doing something useful. She also served as a volunteer for the Taneytown Fire Department Ladies Auxiliary.
Surviving are her eldest son, Dennis Eugene Roop and wife Debra of Keymar, MD; grandchildren, Michael James Roop, Brian Edward Roop and Laurie Ann Roop, and great-grandchildren, Nathan and Naomi; son, David Eugene Roop of Keymar, MD; grandchildren, David Eugene Roop II and Mathew Alexander Roop, and great-grandchildren, David, Ellie, Colan, Amelia and McKenzie.
Due to Covid-19, a celebratory service will be held in her honor at a later date. Arrangements have been entrusted to Myers-Durboraw Funeral Home in Taneytown.
To send flowers to the family or plant a tree in memory of Helen Marie (Wantz) Roop, please visit our floral store.


text:
Cathy Anne Sandeen (born December 18, 1955 in Oakland California) is an American academic administrator who began her appointment as University President at California State University, East Bay (Hayward, CA) in January, 2021.

Early life and education
Sandeen was born in Oakland and raised in San Leandro, California. Sandeen earned a bachelor's degree in speech-language pathology from Humboldt State University and a master's degree in broadcast communication from San Francisco State University. She then earned a Master of Business Administration from the UCLA Anderson School of Management and a Ph.D in communication from the University of Utah.

Career
Prior to joining the University of Alaska, Sandeen served as the chancellor of the University of Wisconsin Colleges and University of Wisconsin–Extension. Sandeen previously served as dean of Continuing Education at UCLA Extension from 2006 to 2012, and vice provost and dean of the University Extension and summer session at University of California, Santa Cruz from 2000 to 2006. On October 29, 2020 the California State University Board of Trustees announced Dr. Sandeen's appointment as President of California State University East Bay, with her term beginning January 4, 2021.

References

American academic administrators
California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt alumni
Heads of universities and colleges in the United States
Living people
People from Anchorage, Alaska
San Francisco State University alumni
UCLA Anderson School of Management alumni
University of Utah alumni
Women academic administrators
1955 births


A bill with support from both sides of the aisle in the Colorado House of Representatives is moving closer to law.
The bill, SB 19-139, makes it easier for those who are in the country illegally to get a drivers license in Colorado.
Download the station APP today!
Colorado began the program, allowing licenses to illegal aliens in 2014, the fees paid by the applicants. So far there have been 61,000 licenses issued and the program would expand the number of drivers license offices from the current four, which includes Grand Junction, to ten.
The program is in support of Colorado's agricultural industry that brings in over $8 billion dollars annually. The main idea behind the program is to make roads safer for all drivers by licensing those who work in the industry to drive on Colorado's roads and highways.
The bill passed the house and is expected to pass the Senate before heading to Governor Polis' desk for his signature.
The Governor is expected to sign the bill into law once it does.


WhatsApp for Android ultimately gets a dedicated movie calling button WhatsApp periodically releases updates to fine-tune its messaging service. In what comes as a welcome addition, Android users are now getting a dedicated movie calling button in the v2.17.146 update. Available through Google Play, the update brings some subtle yet necessary tweaks to the UI.
Violent Alt-Right Talks Could Be Key to Charlottesville Lawsuits In the weeks leading up to the Charlottesville, Virginia white nationalist march that left one counterprotestor dead, organizers discussed inserting screws into flagpoles to be used as potential weapons and concealing firearms in the case of a "gunfight," according to chatroom logs.


Quick survey to help us match your brand's voice & develop social calendar to establish types of posts, topics and frequency.
Post curated content, account monitoring, responding, flagging, promoting, and engagement on 1 social account.
Certain industries have special needs we can accommodate. For example, post listings for real estate professionals, and promotions for e-commerce sites. The client can send us pictures or any special requests and we are happy to execute.


text:
//
// Copyright © Martin Tamme
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace NProxy.Core.Test.Types
{
    internal class AsyncReturnValue : IAsyncReturnValue
    {
        #region IAsyncReturnValue Members

        public virtual async Task Method()
        {
            await Task.Delay(1000);
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class EnumArrayReturnValue : IEnumArrayReturnValue
    {
        #region IEnumArrayReturnValue Members

        public virtual EnumType[] Method()
        {
            return new EnumType[0];
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class EnumReturnValue : IEnumReturnValue
    {
        #region IEnumReturnValue Members

        public virtual EnumType Method()
        {
            return default(EnumType);
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class GenericArrayReturnValue : IGenericArrayReturnValue
    {
        #region IGenericArrayReturnValue Members

        public virtual TReturn[] Method<TReturn>()
        {
            return new TReturn[0];
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class GenericJaggedArrayReturnValue : IGenericJaggedArrayReturnValue
    {
        #region IGenericJaggedArrayReturnValue Members

        public virtual TReturn[][] Method<TReturn>()
        {
            return new TReturn[0][];
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class GenericRankArrayReturnValue : IGenericRankArrayReturnValue
    {
        #region IGenericRankArrayReturnValue Members

        public virtual TReturn[,] Method<TReturn>()
        {
            return new TReturn[0, 0];
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class GenericListReturnValue : IGenericListReturnValue
    {
        #region IGenericListReturnValue Members

        public virtual List<TReturn> Method<TReturn>()
        {
            return new List<TReturn>();
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class GenericReturnValue : IGenericReturnValue
    {
        #region IGenericReturnValue Members

        public virtual TReturn Method<TReturn>()
        {
            return default(TReturn);
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class IntArrayReturnValue : IIntArrayReturnValue
    {
        #region IIntArrayReturnValue Members

        public virtual int[] Method()
        {
            return new int[0];
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class IntReturnValue : IIntReturnValue
    {
        #region IIntReturnValue Members

        public virtual int Method()
        {
            return default(int);
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class StringArrayReturnValue : IStringArrayReturnValue
    {
        #region IStringArrayReturnValue Members

        public virtual string[] Method()
        {
            return new string[0];
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class StringReturnValue : IStringReturnValue
    {
        #region IStringReturnValue Members

        public virtual string Method()
        {
            return String.Empty;
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class StructArrayReturnValue : IStructArrayReturnValue
    {
        #region IStructArrayReturnValue Members

        public virtual StructType[] Method()
        {
            return new StructType[0];
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class StructReturnValue : IStructReturnValue
    {
        #region IStructReturnValue Members

        public virtual StructType Method()
        {
            return default(StructType);
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal class VoidReturnValue : IVoidReturnValue
    {
        #region IVoidReturnValue Members

        public virtual void Method()
        {
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Sea Stories . ca
The Earliest Days Of Water-travelling
Once upon a time there were no ships. Men did not know the meaning of the word; they did not want them; and, for many, many centuries the sea-gulls had the ocean all to themselves. But boats are
of very ancient date. Doubtless the first boats must have been constructed by the first men who dwelt on the earth. They consisted, probably—for we are now in the land of conjecture—of stumps of fallen trees, or bundles of rushes, seated astride of which the immediate descendants of our first parents ferried themselves over small lakes and across rivers.
Wet feet are not agreeable under any circumstances. We can conceive that prolonged voyages performed in this fashion—say several hundred yards or a mile—rendered those primitive mariners so uncomfortable, that they resolved to improve their condition; and, after much earnest thought, hit upon the plan of fastening several logs together by means of twigs, and thus they formed rafts.
As time progressed, and men began to display wisdom in making tools of stone and in the moulding of metal, we can imagine that they soon bethought themselves of flattening the surface of their rafts; and then, finding them unwieldy and difficult to manage, no doubt, they hit upon the idea of hollowing out the logs. Adzes were probably not invented at that time, so they betook themselves to the element of fire—which is at the present day used by savage nations for the same purpose—and burned out the insides of their logs. Thus canoes sprang into being.
But such canoes were clumsy and heavy, besides being liable to split; men therefore bethought themselves of constructing a light framework of wood, which they covered with bark or skin. Then artificers in iron invented saws; logs were ripped up; planks were formed; pitch oozed ready to hand from the trees; with grass, perchance, they caulked the seams;—and soon the first boat floated on the water—clumsy and tub-like, no doubt, but serviceable withal—and youths of a hundred years old, and full-grown men of two or three hundred, capered and shouted on the shore with delight at the great invention; while venerable patriarchs, of seven or eight hundred summers, gazed in wonder, with almost prophetic solemnity, and exclaimed that they had never before seen the like of that in all the course of their long, long lives!
Those times are old now—so old that men can scarcely get their minds to realise how old they are; nevertheless, the craft that were used then are used even now, and that not only among the savages of distant lands, but by men living at our very doors.
The coracle, a basket-boat of the most primitive description, is still occasionally met with in South Wales. It is neither more nor less than a large wicker basket covered with a hide, and is tub-shaped, and clumsy to a degree. When the Romans invaded Britain, this species of boat was in common use. Like the canoe of the North American Indian, it is easily upset, and we should think must be rather unmanageable; but as we are not likely ever again to be reduced to it in this country, we can afford to regard its faults with indifference.
From little boats to big boats there is but a step; and no doubt rivers were soon navigated, and new countries explored, while those who lived near the sea-coast dared even to launch their boats upon the ocean; but they "hugged the shore," undoubtedly, and seldom ventured to proceed at night unless the stars shone brightly in the sky.
Years rolled on, and dwellers on the sea-coast became more and more venturous in their voyages along the shore. It behoved them to have larger boats, or barges, with numerous rowers, who would naturally carry weapons with them to guard themselves from foes. War-galleys sprang into being. Strong winds sometimes carried these off-shore, and out of sight of land. Ah, reader! who can conceive the feelings of the first mariners who saw the solid land sink on the horizon, and beheld nothing substantial in all the waste of waters, save their own tiny bark that reeled beneath them on the heaving billows? Perchance these first adventurers on the deep found their way back to land, and afterwards tried the bold experiment of steering by the stars. Perhaps not; but at length it did come about that ships were built, and men were found bold enough to put to sea in them for days and weeks together.
The ark is the first ship of which we have any authentic account. We now leave the region of conjecture; for the ark was built by Noah under the immediate direction of the Almighty, and we have a minute account of it in the Bible.
More than two thousand three hundred years before our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ came to earth, man's wickedness had attained to such a height that God resolved to destroy the inhabitants of the world by a deluge. But, in the midst of wrath, God remembered mercy. He spared Noah and his family, and saved them from destruction by placing them in the ark along with pairs of the lower animals.
Every reader of the Bible knows the story of the deluge; but everyone may not be aware that traditions of this deluge are found in every part of the earth. East, west, north, and south—civilised and savage—all men tell us of a great flood which once covered the world, and from which only one family was saved, in a boat, or a canoe, or an ark.
What the barbarous and savage nations know dimly from tradition, we know certainly and fully from the inspired Word of God. The ark was built; the flood came; Noah with his family and two of every living creature entered into it; and for months the first ship floated on a sea whose shoreless waves flowed round and round the world.
What the ark's form was we cannot precisely tell; but we know its dimensions pretty accurately.
Although it was not intended for voyaging, the ark must necessarily have been a perfect model of a vessel, meant to float upon the waters. To some extent, too, it must have been fitted to ride upon turbulent billows; for it "went upon the face of the waters" for upwards of seven months, and before it rested finally on the top of Mount Ararat, "God made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters assuaged." In regard to its size, the most interesting way to consider it, perhaps, will be to compare it with the Great Eastern, the largest ship that has yet been built by man. Assuming a cubit to be about 18 inches, the length of the ark was about 450 feet, its breadth about 75 feet, and its depth about 45 feet.
The Great Eastern's length is 680 feet, its breadth 83 feet, and its depth from deck to keel 60 feet.
The ark was built of gopher-wood, which is thought by some to be pine, by others cedar. It consisted of three stories, and had a window and a door, and was pitched within and without. But it had neither masts nor rudder; and it is evident that, although it was man's refuge, the ark was not designed to be managed by man, for after Noah and his family had entered in, God took on himself the guidance and preservation of their vessel. Thus our Saviour—of whom the ark was a type—specially guides and protects those who flee to him for refuge.
But although we have noticed the ark as being the first ship, we cannot with propriety place it in the front of the history of navigation. After the flood the ark seems to have been soon forgotten, or at least imperfectly remembered, and men reverted to their little canoes and clumsy boats, which sufficed for all their limited wants. It was not until about a thousand years later in the world's history that men built ships of considerable size, and ventured on prolonged coasting-voyages, for the purposes of discovery and commerce. Navigation had been practised, and the art of ship-building had made very considerable progress, long before men dared to lose sight of the shore and venture out upon the mysterious bosom of the great unknown sea.
To the ancients the Mediterranean was the ocean; and among its bays, and creeks, and islands, maritime enterprise sprang into being and rose into celebrity. Among the Phoenicians, the Egyptians, and Hebrews, we find the earliest traces of navigation and commerce. The first of these nations, occupying the narrow slip of land between Mount Lebanon and the Mediterranean, rose into fame as mariners between the years 1700 and 1100 before Christ—the renowned city of Sidon being their great sea-port, whence their ships put forth to trade with Cyprus and Rhodes, Greece, Sardinia, Sicily, Gaul, and Spain. Little is known of the state of trade in those days, or of the form or size of ancient vessels. Homer tells us, in his account of the Trojan War, that the Phoenicians supplied the combatants with many articles of luxury; and from Scripture we learn that the same enterprising navigators brought gold to Solomon from Ophir in the year 1000 B.C.
A short time previous to this the Phoenicians ventured to pass through the Strait of Gibraltar, and for the first time beheld the great Atlantic Ocean. Proceeding along the coast of Spain, they founded Cadiz; and, not long after, creeping down the western coast of Africa, established colonies there. But their grandest feat was achieved about 600 years B.C., when they sailed down the Red Sea and the eastern coast of Africa, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, sailed up the western coast, and returned home by the Strait of Gibraltar. Bartholomew Diaz must hide his diminished head before this fact; for, although he gets all the credit, the Phoenicians of old "doubled the Cape" at least twenty centuries before him!
That long voyages were made by the men of old, before authentic history began, seems highly probable. The expedition of the Argonauts to Colchis in the year 1250 B.C., in search of the "Golden Fleece," is the first ancient voyage that lays claim to authenticity. What the Golden Fleece was is uncertain; some think it was a term used to symbolise the mines of precious metals near the Black Sea. Whatever it was, the Argonauts went in search of it: whether or not they found it is unrecorded in history. Jason, son of the King of Thessaly, was the leader of this expedition, which consisted of one ship and fifty men. A man named Argus built the ship, which from him was named the Argo, hence the name of Argonauts.
In treating of ancient vessels, we may as well proceed on the principle suggested by a sagacious child, who, when his mother was about to tell him a story, usually begged of her to "bedin at the bedinning." We shall begin at the beginning.
Previous: Treats Of Ships In General
Next: Rafts And Canoes
ADD TO EBOOK
Ancient Ships And Navigators Loss Of The Amphitrite Convict Ship Shipwreck Of The French Frigate Medusa Rafts And Canoes Lifeboats And Lightships Early American Heroism Docks And Shipbuilding Loss Of His Majesty's Ship Litchfield Tom Cringle's Log Near The Norden-fjord Boats Model-boat Making Etcetera Coasting Vessels A Storm And A Rescue Bloodless Surgery The Salving Of The Yan-shan
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Near The Norden-fjord The Loss Of The Royal George The Club-hauling Of The Diomede The Merchantman And The Pirate Near The Norden-fjord The Escape Of The American Frigate Alliance The Tempest The Landing On The Island Mr Midshipman Easy The Man And The Cannon The Cruise Of The Coracle Going To Sea A Hundred Years Ago Equality At Sea Treasure Island Toilers Of The Sea
Left Hand.ca - Take the left handed quick quiz. Visit Left Hand.ca


The 120-hour high school enrichment course will instruct students in constructing algebraic equations and solving mathematical problems using the algebraic process starting with single variable to using multiple variables. Topics include real numbers, properties and expressions, linear equations, polynomials, factoring and graphing.
This 120-hour advanced high school enrichment algebra course with primary emphasis on constructing complex algebraic equations, and solving mathematical problems using the algebraic process. Topics include linear systems and relationships; quadratic, rational, polynomial, exponential and logarithmic functions; probability and statistics; sequence and series; trigonometric concepts; and technological applications.
This 120-hour enrichment course for high school students presents geometric concepts and applications, properties of two dimensional and three-dimensional figures in space, inductive and deductive reasoning, angle relationships and the Pythagorean Theorem.
This 120-hour high school enrichment course will review the fundamentals of arithmetic operations and receive an introduction to algebraic skills. Topics include: order of operation, signed numbers, combining like terms, solving linear equations with one variable, plotting ordered pairs, and graphic solutions. Student will get an introduction to probability and statistics.
The 120-hour high school enrichment course will instruct students in the history of calculus, comprehend functions continuity and intuitive ideas. Major emphasis is placed on algebraic concepts and analysis of curves, functions, and graphing techniques. Further study of Trigonometry from the circular and right triangle perspective, the analysis of conic sections and other geometric curves form a coordinate point of view will be discussed.


text:
'use strict';

var Config = require('./config');
var React = require('react');
var Router = require('react-router');

// declaring like this helps in unit test
// dependency injection using `rewire` module
var _window;
var _document;
if (typeof window !== 'undefined' && typeof document !== 'undefined') {
  _window = window;
  _document = document;
}

// returns the data/state that was
// injected by server during rendering
exports.data = function data() {
  return _window[Config.client.variableName];
};

// the client side boot function
exports.boot = function boot(options, callback) {

  var Routes = options.routes;
  var viewResolver = options.viewResolver;

  // pick up the state that was injected by server during rendering
  var props = _window[Config.client.variableName];

  var useRouter = (props.__meta.view === null);

  if (useRouter) {
    // boot the react-router
    Router.run(Routes, Router.HistoryLocation, function onRouterRun(Component) {

      // create a component instance
      var componentInstance = React.createElement(Component, props);

      // finally, render the component instance into the document
      React.render(componentInstance, _document);
    });
  }
  else {
    // get the file from viewResolver supplying it with a view name
    var view = viewResolver(props.__meta.view);

    // create a react view factory
    var viewFactory = React.createFactory(view);

    // render the factory on the client
    // doing this, sets up the event
    // listeners and stuff aka mounting views.
    React.render(viewFactory(props), _document);
  }

  // call the callback with the data that was used for rendering
  return callback && callback(props);
};


Beautiful and interesting paslik style toys from the section of three in a row. This flash game is filled with sea pirate romance. Statistics of the chains being removed right and left. On the left is Your ship, right — pirate. Yes, to the warm sea battle with pirates, You have to prepare. You can win just ahead of the pirates in the quantity and quality. Look carefully for statistics and avoid the preponderance of pirates. You removed each chain consisting of three or more identical objects will give You points closer to victory.
You can play the game MARINE PUZZLE THREE IN A ROW online 24 hours a day for free. It is no need to download and install it on your computer, and it is also not required you to be the registered user. Just ckick and enjoy. See also a set of related games below on that you might be interested to look.


This Victorian 18kt gold fleur-de-lis brooch features a hook for adding an accessory pendant. This is classic Victorian in style and function, though very hard to find in 18kt gold. Works well though there is some age appropriate wear and some slight deforming of the metal near the clasp (see pictures).


HORSE AND JOCKEY SHOOTING: a masked gunman shot a forty-year old in the chest at the Stockport pub on Monday evening. Greater Manchester Police believes the attack was targeted and not random, although they are still investigating the motives and appealing for witnesses.
BECKHAM RECEIVES HERO'S WELCOME BACK TO OLD TRAFFORD: The midfielder, who returns as a Milan player for tonight's game against United since leaving seven years ago, arrived in Manchester to eighty screaming fans. The thirty-two year old says he is excited to be back, although he admits that it's the first time he has ever wanted United to lose. Meanwhile, united boss Ferguson is calling for fans to keep the high-profile protests against the Glazer family away from the match.
UNITED TICKET CONMAN JAILED: in more football news, Amrik Gill, twenty-three, of Chorlton pleaded guilty to thirteen counts of fraud after duping fans into paying hundreds of pounds for non-existent tickets to big matches like last week's Wembley final over the internet. He was ordered to pay £2138 compensation last April with an eighteen-month community order, jailed for two weeks last July, and received a one-month prison sentence suspended for eighteen months last November.
Daft American homily: Yesterday can't be changed, but today and tomorrow offer infinite possibilities.


text:
Halo Infinite map size, details and more
By Leon Hurley published 18 January 22
Wondering how big the Halo Infinite campaign map is? Here's all of it uncovered
(Image credit: Xbox Game Studios)
The Halo Infinite map is pretty huge, a sizeable section of the Zeta Halo ring that incorporates all manner of enemies, objectives and secrets to uncover along the way. Now that it's an open world in Halo Infinite, understanding the map and how to navigate is more important than ever before in the franchise. We've laid out the full Halo Infinite map below, along with everything you need to know about it.
Full Halo Infinite Map
(Image credit: Xbox)
This is the full Halo Infinite map as it looks at the end of the game. You start initially in the top left corner, with the story missions eventually leading down the left hand side, along the bottom to the right and eventually up and towards the right middle area. However, it's worth noting that nearly all the of the right hand corner is just for the final mission and isn't an area you can visit or explore freely outside of that.
The area you can fully explore is pretty much open as soon as you arrive though. You're free to head out in any direction and see what you can find. There are random Banished encounters scattered around you can chance upon, but the key activities outside of the story are focused on these key activities:
FOBs - These are 'Forward Operating Bases' that used to belong to the UNSC but have been taken by the Banished. If you liberate them they become bases you can use to resupply and fast travel between, as well as revealing map markers in the surrounding area.
Squads - There are numerous UNSC squads scattered around the Ring to be rescued, which will unlock Valor, an in-game upgrade currency.
Targets - There are numerous high-value, named Banished targets you can find and kill. Doing so will earn you a specialised, customised weapon and some Valor.
Outposts - These are large Banished bases you can clear out. Some are required for the story and some aren't. The non-story ones also function as fast travel points once captured.
Story Missions - The main story missions will lead you slowly around the map, anti clockwise although you're free to break off and free roam at any point between missions.
Generally, the best way to progress will be split between story missions as you progress further into the map, and claiming FOBs to both uncover point of interest and make it faster to move around.
Leon Hurley
I'm currently GamesRadar's guides coordinator, which means I've had a hand in producing or writing all of the guide and tips content on the site. I also write reviews, previews and features, and do video. Previously I worked for Kotaku, and the Official PlayStation Magazine and website. I'm a big fan of open world games, horror, and narrative adventures.


text:
Q: Array in IN() clause oracle PLSQL I am passing String array(plcListchar) to Stored Procedure, i would like to use this String array in IN() clause.
i can not use plcListchar directly in IN() clause.
Let me show how i am crating plcListchar  string array in JAVA.
 String array[] = {"o", "l"};
 ArrayDescriptor des = ArrayDescriptor.createDescriptor("CHAR_ARRAY", con);
 ARRAY array_to_pass = new ARRAY(des,con,array);
 callStmtProductSearch.setArray(4, array_to_pass);

for crating CHAR_ARRAY,
create or replace type CHAR_ARRAY as table of varchar2;

i want use plcListchar in IN clause. the following is my Stored Procedure.
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE product_search(
            status IN varchar2,
            plcList IN varchar2,
            i_culture_id IN number,
            plcListchar IN CHAR_ARRAY,
            status_name OUT  varchar2,
            culture_code  OUT varchar2)
AS
    CURSOR search_cursor IS
    SELECT p.status_name, p.culture_code
                FROM PRISM_ITEM_cultures@prism p
                WHERE p.publishable_flag=1
                AND p.isroll =0
                AND status = '-1'
                AND p.plc_status IN (   );
 BEGIN
           OPEN search_cursor;
           FETCH search_cursor INTO status_name, culture_code ;
           CLOSE search_cursor;
 END;

Could you please suggest me how to use, if you like to suggest any other logic, it is great.

A: Assuming that your collection is defined in SQL, not just in PL/SQL, you can use the TABLE operator (the definition you posted isn't syntactically valid-- you'd need to specify a length for the VARCHAR2)
AND p.plc_status IN (SELECT column_value
                       FROM TABLE( plcListchar ))

Since I don't have your tables, an example using the SCOTT schema
SQL> create type ename_tbl is table of varchar2(30);
  2  /

Type created.

SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf

  1  declare
  2    l_enames ename_tbl := ename_tbl( 'KING', 'SMITH' );
  3  begin
  4    for i in (select *
  5                from emp
  6               where ename in (select column_value
  7                                 from table( l_enames )))
  8    loop
  9      dbms_output.put_line( 'ENAME = ' || i.ename );
 10    end loop;
 11* end;
SQL> /
ENAME = KING
ENAME = SMITH

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

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text:
Robert Hays
Birthday: 24 July 1947, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Robert Hays was born on July 24, 1947 in Bethesda, Maryland, USA. He is an actor and producer, known for Airplane! (1980), Homeward Bound: The Incredible Journey (1993) and Cat's Eye (1985). He was previously married to Cherie Currie.
Starman is not American, Russian or Nicaraguan. He holds up a mirror to all of us.
Robert Hays's FILMOGRAPHY
as Actor (44)
Saturday Night Live - Season 44
Spider-Man - Season 1 (1994)
The Love Boat - Season 1
Superhero Movie
MythBusters - Season 5
Laverne and Shirley - Season 1
The Outer Limits - Season 5
Homeward Bound 2: Lost in San Francisco
Touched by an Angel - Season 1
Airplane Ii: The Sequel
Iron Man - Season 1
Wonder Woman - Season 2
Robert Hays'S roles
Himself - Host, Various
Ted Striker
Bob Seaver
Johnny Norris
Bud Hyde
Blaine Riker
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POD-110 THE ORIGINAL PRESSURE ON DEMAND SYSTEM also known as the POD Steamer!
This multipurpose steamer is great for wrap prep, cleaning, de-badging, installing graphics, paint protection film, removing oldtint and films, and so much more! Includes 11 different heads specificallydesigned for our industry needs. Steam is gentleand safe on auto paint and does not harm the user with the Pressure onDemand System.


text:
Stanisław Lanckoroński, armoiries Zadora, né vers 1590 et mort en 1657. Staroste de Skała en 1641, châtelain de Halytch en 1646, châtelain de Kamieniec Podolski, voïvode de Bracław et grand  de la Couronne en 1649, voïvode de Ruthène en 1652, hetman de la Couronne de 1654 au .

Mariage et descendance
Marié à Anna Sienieńska, qui lui donne pour enfants:

Hieronim Lanckoroński
 Przecław Lanckoroński
 Franciszek Stanisław Lanckoroński
 Jan Lanckoroński

 Mikołaj Lanckoroński
 Marcin Lanckoroński
 Joanna Lanckorońska

Sources

Liens externes

Hetman de Pologne-Lituanie
Sénateur séculaire (république des Deux Nations)
Naissance en 1590
Décès en janvier 1657
Personnalité du soulèvement de Khmelnytsky


text:
Kenya Police Fire Tear Gas at COVID-19 Corruption Protesters
Kenyan authorities have arrested protesters who allege equipment to fight COVID-19 is being mismanaged. Police used tear gas to disperse the activists at a park in central Nairobi.
Kenyans, led by local activists, took to the streets of Nairobi Friday. Wanjeri Nderu, one of the protest organizers, said police should be investigating those who stole public money.
"We are demanding for the arrest of the people who are known thieves, who are known to have stolen COVID-19 [equipment], but they are still free. The police, instead of coming to tear gas us, they should be in the offices investigating, making sure these people are taken to court and jailed. We cannot live in a country where we are ruled by impunity, and we have a system that does not care for the people of this nation," Nderu said.
Before the protest began, police lobbed tear gas canisters at demonstrators and arrested at least five people.
Kenyan media report police said the protest was illegal, and the protesters' action went against health ministry protocol to contain the virus.
Nderu said she is not happy with the police.
"We do not need to seek permission from the police for them to allow us to congregate and what they have decided to do is to disperse us using teargas. We organized ourselves into four groups; one was here, the other group was in town, even the groups in Jevanjee have been tear gassed, the group at archives has been teargassed; we cannot work with the police like this. The police cannot make us [their] enemy," Nderu said.
Last week, the Kenya Medical Supplies Agency Board suspended three top officials, including Chief Executive Officer Jonah Manjari, as a result of an investigation.
The country's anti-corruption agency is probing a $7.7 million procurement of COVID-19 medical supplies, and preliminary results show officials flouted the process.
Political commentator Michael Agwada says corruption in an environment of economic uncertainty due to the pandemic can bring political instability.
"The worst that can happen, you can see more infections taking place as a result of these protests we are seeing here. But again, the worst that also can happen is we could see more protests that will make the government unstable. It's a time when the government has to sit down and be very open to the public and say this is what is happening. People have asked very relevant questions as to donations from Jack Ma, where are they? And now we are hearing some of them were taken to Tanzania, and some of them were brought to Kenya. That in itself is enough to infuriate the public that you are arresting for having no mask," Agwada said.
KEMSA is part of the Ministry of Health and provides procurement, warehousing, and distribution services for medical materials for agencies like USAID and the Global Fund.
Those organizations have raised questions about how the money meant for the public was used, and asked for an audit of KEMSA.
In May, Kenya received $50 million from the World Bank to help respond to the global pandemic threat.
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