text:
Q: Conflict between tex4ht and biblatex-chicago I cannot get tex4ht to work with biblatex-chicago. Compile the MWE below with pdflatex generates the following errors:
(/usr/local/texlive/2015/texmf-dist/tex/latex/biblatex/lbx/english.lbx)))

Package biblatex Warning: Language 'american' not supported.
(biblatex)                Using fallback language 'english' on input line 14.

! Package biblatex Error: Patching 'ifthen' package failed.

See the biblatex package documentation for explanation.
Type  H <return>  for immediate help.
 ...

l.14 \begin{document}

?

Package biblatex Warning: Patching footnotes failed.
(biblatex)                Footnote detection will not work.

! Package biblatex Error: Patching \MakeUppercase failed.

See the biblatex package documentation for explanation.
Type  H <return>  for immediate help.
 ...

l.14 \begin{document}

?

I tried loading babel with various options but this did not change anything.
EDIT 1 My initial example was too minimal: I now realize the problem only occurs when trying to use these packages as part of a custom class.
EDIT 2 The same error occurs when just loading biblatex with the style=chicago-notes option, so I have edited the MWE to reflect that. To simplify debugging, I've put tex4ht into the MWE so that you can just run pdflatex on it directly.
File mwe.cls:
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesClass{mwe}[2016/02/10 biblatex-chicago + tex4ht test]
\LoadClass{article}
\RequirePackage[style=chicago-notes]{biblatex}
\endinput

File bib4ht.tex:
\documentclass{mwe}
\usepackage{tex4ht}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@Book{Sample,
author={Last, First},
title={Sample Book},
year=2016
}
\end{filecontents}

\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\begin{document}
Test.\cite{Sample}
\end{document}

A: As tex4ht patches some internal biblatex macros, it sometimes fails when these macros change in new biblatex versions. I reported this issue on tex4ht bug tracker and provided bugfix, which is now included in TeX distributions, so your sample compiles without errors with updated TeX Live, for example

A: TL;DR Don't load biblatex from a class file when using tex4ht, unless someone can solve this problem. If I turn my class file into a package, it works fine.
biblatex with the chicago style option calls the package biblatex2.sty, and this file runs a series of tests on the class in order to patch certain commands. I think that when processing with tex4ht and using a custom class, for some reason biblatex doesn't get through these tests successfully.

Below are notes from my investigation, which might be useful to someone who wants to actually answer the question. If you do, I'll gladly reward a bounty.
I added\usepackage{tex4ht} and \tracingall to the .tex file and compiled with pdflatex. The place where the error is output happens just after line 1409146 of the .log file:
\@firstoftwo #1#2->#1
#1<-\csname etb@tgl@blx@tempa\endcsname
#2<-\etb@err@notoggle {blx@tempa}\@gobbletwo
{\csname}

\etb@tgl@blx@tempa #1#2->#1
#1<-\blx@err@patch {'ifthen' package}
#2<-

\blx@err@patch #1->\blx@error {Patching #1 failed} {This is an internal issue t
ypically caused by a conflict\MessageBreak between biblatex and some other pack
age. Modifying\MessageBreak the package loading order may fix the problem}
#1<-'ifthen' package

\blx@error #1#2->\begingroup \blx@safe@actives \PackageError {biblatex}{#1}{#2.
}\endgroup
#1<-Patching 'ifthen' package failed
#2<-This is an internal issue typically caused by a conflict\MessageBreak betwe
en biblatex and some other package. Modifying\MessageBreak the package loading
order may fix the problem
{\begingroup}
{entering semi simple group (level 1) at line 15}

All I can tell is that the error is issued because of some problem with the way etb@tgl@blx@tempa is being passed to \@firstoftwo.

The same error arises if I do what biblatex-chicago is doing internally, which is just to do \RequirePackage[style=chicago-notes]{biblatex}. Biblatex.sty, then, by default calls biblatex2.sty.
The 'ifthen' error happens after line 135 of biblatex2.sty. It is issued when \TE@hook is undefined. The only package that defines that command (I grepped all of them) is xifthen. Loading xifthen before biblatex eliminates the ifthen error.
Now there is still the footnote error, which comes from after line 154 in biblatex2.sty. Here the package is checking to see which classes are loaded, and redefining the footnote commands as needed for each. When the footnote command is successfully patched, it sets blx@tmpa to false. If, after all the test, blx@tmpa is still true, then it prints this error message about the footnotes.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
using Orleans.Serialization;
using Xunit;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Immutable;
using System.Collections;
using TestExtensions;

namespace Tester.SerializationTests
{
    [Collection(TestEnvironmentFixture.DefaultCollection)]
    public class SerializationTestsImmutableCollections
    {
        private readonly TestEnvironmentFixture fixture;

        public SerializationTestsImmutableCollections(TestEnvironmentFixture fixture)
        {
            this.fixture = fixture;
        }

        void RoundTripCollectionSerializationTest<T>(IEnumerable<T> input)
        {
            var output = SerializationManager.RoundTripSerializationForTesting(input);
            Assert.Equal<T>(input,output);
        }

        [Fact, TestCategory("BVT"), TestCategory("Functional"), TestCategory("ImmutableCollections"), TestCategory("Serialization")]
        public void SerializationTests_ImmutableCollections_Dictionary()
        {
            var original = ImmutableDictionary.CreateBuilder<string, string>();
            original.Add("a","b");
            original.Add("c","d");
            var dict = original.ToImmutable();

            RoundTripCollectionSerializationTest(dict);
        }

        [Fact, TestCategory("BVT"), TestCategory("Functional"), TestCategory("ImmutableCollections"), TestCategory("Serialization")]
        public void SerializationTests_ImmutableCollections_Array()
        {
            var original = ImmutableArray.Create("1","2","3");
            RoundTripCollectionSerializationTest(original);
        }

        [Fact, TestCategory("BVT"), TestCategory("Functional"), TestCategory("ImmutableCollections"), TestCategory("Serialization")]
        public void SerializationTests_ImmutableCollections_HashSet()
        {
            var original = ImmutableHashSet.Create("1", "2", "3");
            RoundTripCollectionSerializationTest(original);
        }

        [Fact, TestCategory("BVT"), TestCategory("Functional"), TestCategory("ImmutableCollections"), TestCategory("Serialization")]
        public void SerializationTests_ImmutableCollections_List()
        {
            var original = ImmutableList.Create("1", "2", "3");
            RoundTripCollectionSerializationTest(original);
        }

        [Fact, TestCategory("BVT"), TestCategory("Functional"), TestCategory("ImmutableCollections"), TestCategory("Serialization")]
        public void SerializationTests_ImmutableCollections_Queue()
        {
            var original = ImmutableQueue.Create("1", "2", "3");
            RoundTripCollectionSerializationTest(original);
        }

        [Fact, TestCategory("BVT"), TestCategory("Functional"), TestCategory("ImmutableCollections"), TestCategory("Serialization")]
        public void SerializationTests_ImmutableCollections_SortedSet()
        {
            var original = ImmutableSortedSet.Create("1", "2", "3");
            RoundTripCollectionSerializationTest(original);
        }

        [Fact, TestCategory("BVT"), TestCategory("Functional"), TestCategory("ImmutableCollections"), TestCategory("Serialization")]
        public void SerializationTests_ImmutableCollections_SortedDictionary()
        {
            var original = ImmutableSortedDictionary.CreateBuilder<string, string>();
            original.Add("a", "b");
            original.Add("c", "d");
            var dict = original.ToImmutable();

            RoundTripCollectionSerializationTest(dict);
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


You've graduated and you're excited about the world of design opportunities that lay in front of you and that's completely understandable.
Having said that, given the nature of the role, there are going to be more Junior Graphic Designers applying for junior positions than any other job title.
So what do you do to help ensure that your application stands out above the rest.
Vanessa and Lawrence took some time out to talk about this very topic.
Ensure that you design your CV, making it practical and reflective of your skills as a designer.
Ensure that you address the key requirements of the role and include examples of that in your folio.
If you don't have commercial folio experience with that requirements, consider how else you can highlight your skills in this area.
Keep your CV reflective of your commercial design experience - don't include cafe or retail work unless it is relevant to your application.
Do not send your CV through as a Word document. You're a designer, so use your design skills.
Do not copy and paste your LinkedIn page as your CV. This comes across as lazy and rarely contains the information any hiring manager needs to make an informed decision on if they should shortlist you.
Do not copy and paste your cover letter to everyone without tailouring it to the job that you're applying for.
Do not make a folio solely consisting of artistic pieces. Include practiacal 'bread and butter' work because that is what you're going to be hired for.


WASHINGTON (AP) – The Trump administration is seeking to deny asylum to migrants caught crossing the U.S.-Mexico border illegally.
The move was spurred in part by caravans of Central American migrants walking toward the border. They are now about 600 miles away. President Donald Trump has vowed to stop them from entering the country.


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text:
Those who pay for sex are hypocrites, says pope
Shutterstock-DJTaylor-giulio napolitano
Ary Waldir Ramos Diaz - published on 02/12/18
"If there are so many women who are victims of trafficking, who end up on the streets of our cities, it is because many men -- young, middle-aged, elderly -- demand these services and are willing to pay," Francis said.
Pope Francis denounced again today the sale of human beings as slaves, recognizing that there are those who "do not want to talk about (the problem) because they are the recipients at the end of the 'chain of consumption,' as users of the 'service' offered on the streets or the internet."
"If there are so many women who are victims of trafficking, who end up on the streets of our cities, it is because many men — young, middle-aged, elderly — demand these services and are willing to pay," Francis said, speaking at the Vatican.
The pontiff bluntly condemned the "hypocrisy of the clients who pay for sex," with no care for the victims of trafficking, using them for their own pleasure. His comments came in a response to questions posed by young people participating in a conference dedicated to a World Day of Reflection against Human Trafficking in Rome.
"I wonder, then: Are dealers really the main cause of trafficking? I believe that the main cause is the unscrupulous selfishness of so many hypocritical people in our world," he said.
The pope also emphasized the need for "real awareness" regarding "demand for traffic" behind the "supply:" "We are all called to leave hypocrisy aside, realize we are  part of the problem instead of turning a blind eye, proclaiming our innocence."
On the other hand, the leader of the Catholic Church also pointed out that the problem of human trafficking is exacerbated when "countries are victims of extreme poverty, violence and corruption." In such cases, "the economy, the legal framework and basic infrastructures are inefficient and do not guarantee security and essential rights."
"In these contexts, the perpetrators of these crimes act with impunity. Organized crime and the illegal trafficking of drugs and human beings choose victims from among people who today have little means of subsistence and even less hope for tomorrow," he lamented.
What to do? "The answer is, therefore, to create opportunities for integral human development, beginning with quality education from early childhood, creating opportunities for development and growth through employment."
The pope remarked how "throw-away culture" is at the root of "behaviors that, in the market and in the globalized world, lead to the exploitation of the human being, at all levels. The needs, dramas and poverty of many people end up being normalized."
He also pointed out that some nations promote, "within the international community, a particularly harsh policy of wanting to defeat human trafficking; but this attitude is itself deceptive, because of the economic interests behind it; we do not want to address the real causes of the problem."
Furthermore, "at an international level, some stances are not always consistent with internal policies. I really hope you can send a message to leaders at all levels of government, business and society, asking for access to good education and, therefore, fair and sustainable employment."
He urged work for a "strategy that includes a greater knowledge of the topic of human trafficking, based on clear terminology and concrete testimonies of the protagonists; there is no doubt they can help."
Human TraffickingPope FrancisVatican

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Italy is a boot-shaped country that protrudes into the Mediterranean Sea. The Alps separate it from the rest of Europe. The island of Sicily is part of Italy and is famous for its cuisine. Spain lies to the west of France and occupies most of the Iberian peninsula. It is separated from France by the Pyrenees Mountains. The remainder of the peninsula is taken up by Portugal, which lies to the west of Spain. Portugal also includes the Azore and Madeira Islands, which are located in the Atlantic Ocean.
The diet of southern Europeans differs from that of northern and eastern Europeans mainly due to the regions that influenced it. The ancient Greeks brought the olive tree to southern Europe, and Spain is now the world's largest producer of olives. Chickpeas and fish stew were also introduced by the Greeks. Different adaptations of this fish stew are now popular dishes in France (boullabaisse) and in Italy (zuppa di pesce alla marinara).
Muslim culture also played a role in the food traditions of southern Europe. Spices (in particular, saffron), oranges, lemons, rice, sugar cane, and several types of sweetmeats were brought to the area by Muslims. Spanish cuisine reflects Muslim tradition in its use of saffron-colored rice and the addition of nuts to sauces and desserts. The Italians often use a sweetened almond paste called marzipan, which came from the Muslims, in their desserts. Italians add saffron to their rice to create dishes such as risotto alla Milanese, popular in northern Italy.
of the Americas brought new fare to southern Europe, including vanilla, chocolate, pineapple, tomatoes, white potatoes, corn, turkey, and squash.
Similar foods are used across southern Europe. It is mainly the method of preparation and presentation that differs from country to country. Italian cuisine can generally be divided into that of northern and southern Italy. In the north, pasta is made with eggs and shaped in ribbons, while in the south, which is generally poorer, it is made without eggs and in hollow tubes, like macaroni. Northern dishes are served with cream sauces and stuffed with meats and cheeses, while southern dishes are served unstuffed with tomato sauce. People in the north use more meats, dairy, and rice than those in the south, which is known for its use of olive oil, vegetables, and little meat.
The International Conference on Nutrition (ICN) was convened in Rome in 1992 and established the food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) for Europe. The purpose of the FBDG is to provide dietary guidance to the public. They are based on scientific knowledge, but are presented in a way that assists people in reaching nutritional goals. The southern European diet is fairly representative of these guidelines (see accompanying figure).
Southern Europeans experience less heart disease, stomach and lung cancers, strokes, high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity than other Western nations. This lower rate of chronic disease has been attributed to diet. The diet of people in this area is similar to that recommended in the American Food Guide Pyramid. It differs mainly in the amount of meat and dairy consumed.
Meals are based on grain products, such as rice, pasta, and bread. In addition, southern Europeans consume large amounts of fruits and vegetables, which provide plenty of vitamins, minerals, and fiber. Red meats, chicken, and eggs are used sparingly. Fish is popular and provides omega-3 fatty acids. A moderate intake of red wine also provides health benefits. Additionally, southern Europeans tend to lead a more relaxed, stress-free life. They often have a post-lunch siesta, which aids proper digestion. They also tend to be physically active.
Although the dietary habits described above are traditionally true, recent trends show that the southern European diet now also includes elements of the Western fast-food craze. A study by Eurostat, the European Commission's statistical branch, found that southern Europeans are getting fatter. Thirty-five percent of Greek males are overweight, as are 32 percent of Spanish males. Thirty-one percent of Greek and Portuguese women are overweight. Rates of high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes are increasing.
Southern Europeans have not abandoned their traditional foods; rather, they have added hamburgers and fries to them. In addition, sedentary jobs are on the rise, as fewer people are earning their money through manual labor. Governments of southern Europe don't have the finances to fight this trend. Michele Carruba of the Research Center on Obesity at the University of Milan says that "the advertising budget of Coke alone is more than Italy spends on food research."
Dishes of Spain's southern region can be found in American cooking. Plenty of seafood and vegetables characterize these dishes (such as paella). Fruits and desserts such as rice pudding and flan are also popular in the United States. The influence of Portuguese foods is more subtle, but often characterized by exotic fruits.
Goyan Kittler, Pamela, and Sucher, Kathryn P. (2001). Food and Culture. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Wardlaw, Gordon M. (1999). Perspectives in Nutrition, 4th edition. New York, NY: WCB/McGraw-Hill.
are foods that provide health benefits beyond basic due to certain physiologically active components, which may or may not have been manipulated or modified to enhance their bioactivity. These foods may help prevent disease, reduce the risk of developing disease, or enhance health. Consumer interest in functional foods increased during the late twentieth century as people's interest in achieving and maintaining good health increased. Health-conscious consumers have become aware of the health benefits associated with specific foods and are incorporating elements such as , , and soy into their diets. Rapid advances in food science and technology, an aging population, the rapid rise in health care costs, and changing government marketing and labeling regulations have also had an impact on the functional foods market.


Edit 04/2019 - I left lots in, removed a few items, and as always used few words so as to create questions, perplexity, and thought. Take in small doses for words can provoke thinking, even wisdom.
The birth of time and space as we understand it occurred some 15 billion years ago.
"It depends on what the meaning of the word 'is' is." Bill Clinton when asked about having sexual relations with Monica Lewinsky.
If opinions are only opinions what are opinions.
Imagine bacteria from a space probe starting life on another planet.
Some scientists claim humanity has a 50/50 chance of surviving this century.
The Mosuo are the only known significant matriarchal society.
A nation of great wealth disparity is an un-freedom nation.
Thousands of Americans and it is estimated over a million Iraqis have died so far over these WMDS.
JM's favorite, mostly short, quotes in alphabetical order.
"A book is a mirror: When a monkey looks in, no apostle can look out."


This painting is painted in a limited pallet of voilet & yellow plus white,to achieve this warm glow.Painted in acrylic on block canvas(no need for frame). Shipping anywhere, included in the price.
Size guide: 28"x20" 70cm.x 50cm.


text:
El área salvaje Katmai () es un área salvaje de los Estados Unidos localizada en el estado de Alaska. Forma parte del parque nacional y reserva Katmai. Hoy 15 volcanes activos en línea en el estrecho de Shelikof separa el parque nacional Katmai y la reserva de la Isla Kodiak. Katmai protege a un gran número de osos pardos (aunque los osos marrones y pardos se consideran la misma especie, el Ursus arctos horribilis viven por lo menos a 100 millas (160 km) de la costa y no llega a ser tan grande, debido a una dieta más limitada). El pez salmón spawn habita en Katmai, en un gran número, atrayendo de esta manera a los osos. Aquí se puede encontrar enormes lagos cuyos bordes proporcionan lugares de anidación de cisnes, patos, somormujos, y otros animales.

El área es compartida por los alces y caribúes y muchos mamíferos pequeños. Un camping existe en el interior del parque, y se requiere un previo registro. El camping cuenta con agua, letrinas, cachés de almacenamiento de alimentos, fogones de leña (pero limitado), y mesas de pícnic. Las comidas están disponibles en el cercano Lodge Brooks.

La mayoría del terreno comprendido por el parque nacional Katmai ha sido designada como una área salvaje. Es la quinta mayor área salvaje designada en los Estados Unidos, después de las áreas salvajes de Wrangell-San Elías, Mollie Beattie, Gates of the Arctic y el Noatak. Todas están en el estado de Alaska.

Protección
La selva se encuentra protegida y administrada por el Servicio de Parques Nacionales.

Véase también
 Áreas protegidas de Estados Unidos
  Sistema Nacional de Preservación de Áreas Salvajes de los Estados Unidos
 Anexo:Unidades del Sistema de Conservación de Paisajes Nacionales (EE.UU.)

Referencias

Enlaces externos
  Este artículo incorpora texto de wilderness.net, la cual está en el dominio público. Para más información véase la historia del sitio web.<noinclude>

Áreas salvajes de Alaska
Áreas protegidas de Estados Unidos establecidas en 1980
Borough de Isla Kodiak
Borough de Lake and Peninsula
Borough de Península de Kenai
Borough de la Bahía de Bristol

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A burglary in your own home can be a disturbing experience that can affect you and your family for a long time after the mess is cleared up and the insurance paperwork is completed.
The majority thefts and burglaries are lazy and opportunistic; they will look an easy target.
Install external security lighting that stays on throughout the night using dusk 'till dawn sensors.
Make sure your house looks occupied even when it isn't. Use an time switch to turn interior lights on and off. Leave a radio on.
Keep your front and back doors shut and locked – even when you are at home.
Fit window locks and ensure French windows and patio doors are secure.
Never leave door keys, car keys or other valuables in view and reach of a letterbox or window.
If you can, install a NARCOS approved burglar alarm and set it every time you leave your home.
Register your property on the Immobilise website (opens new window) – it's free of charge and can increase your chances of being reunited with your property.
Install an app on your phone/tablet so that it can be traced.


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The title of this paper is named after the character created by Robert Louis Stevenson commonly known today as "The strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde". The Jekyll and Hyde description usually refers to a person with a split personality, one good and one bad. So it is that in many cases the Australian Taxation Office (The ATO) seems to have a Jekyll and Hyde approach when it comes to tax payers who are unable to pay their debts due to insolvency.
WHY IS THE ATO THE CENTRE OF ATTENTION
When businesses get into financial difficulty, cash flow becomes extremely tight. The simple principle is that the noisy cog gets the oil, thus employees are paid before critical suppliers, critical suppliers are usually paid before the landlord, and the landlord is usually paid before the ATO or any other statutory obligations.
In effect, and as a result of the somewhat slow response that the ATO has to its recovery policies, it effectively becomes a tacit funder of businesses that are failing. In certain industries, it is almost an industry paradigm that the ATO is used instead of a bank overdraft. Of course the net effect of this is that the ATO has been criticised for funding businesses or business operators that should not be in business.
The apparent inertia of the ATO in its debt recovery program seems to have the effect of lulling business operators who have outstanding tax debts into a false sense of security. At least initially. It appears that, prior to the ATO commencing legal proceedings it has historically been quite open to coming to sensible payment arrangements with business operators in relation to reduction of debt. In fact during the height of the global financial crisis the ATO had demonstrated some considerable tolerance and was entering into remarkably easy repayment plans. Dr Jekyll, if you like.
This position has clearly changed and moreover it appears that the ATO has increased its activity in relation to legal proceedings. Furthermore, it appears that once the ATO has commenced legal proceedings, its ability to negotiate payment plans and concessions seems to disappear. Mr Hyde has emerged.
The action that the ATO takes in relation to debt recovery depends on whether business is operated as a company or as a partnership or sole trader. I will deal with the situation affecting individuals first.
ATO ACTION AGAINST INDIVIDUALS
It must first be remembered that the ATO, except for superannuation guarantee charge is an ordinary unsecured creditor when it comes to debt recovery proceedings and as such it has legal rights pertaining to an ordinary unsecured creditor only. This means that in most cases, the only viable action the ATO can take against individuals is to proceed with a judgement against the individual and then in order to enforce the judgement proceed to what is referred to as a Creditor's Petition and Sequestration Order. This means the ATO will be seeking to make the individual bankrupt. Of course as with any other unsecured creditor, the ATO also has the option of serving a Writ of Execution on the debtor's property or obtaining a garnishee order against wages or salary.
It is important to note that at any time prior to the granting of the Sequestration Order individuals can step in and take control over their own affairs.
HOW DO INDIVIDUALS TAKE CONTROL?
An individual can either file his or her own Bankruptcy/Debtor's Petition or appoint a Controlling Trustee with a view to entering into a Personal Insolvency Agreement (P.I.A.). There is an advantage for the debtor in doing this as he or she can choose the time of commencement of the Bankruptcy or P.I.A. and has the opportunity of appointing his or her own Bankruptcy or Controlling Trustee. No matter how aggressive the ATO has been in pursuing an individual, once a Debtor's Petition has been filed all action is stopped and the file is effectively closed. Mr Hyde now becomes Dr Jekyll.
If the debtor wishes to enter into the P.I.A. a creditors meeting is convened by registered bankruptcy trustee pursuant to Section 188 of the Bankruptcy Act 1966 and a special resolution of creditors is required. This means that 75% of the value and a majority in a number of creditors who attend the meeting are required to approve the proposal. Of course if the ATO is a major or dominant creditor it is difficult to obtain a yes vote so Mr Hyde has once again returned.
As an alternative to a P.I.A. experience indicates that Section 73 of the Bankruptcy Act is far more effective. In short Section 73 applies to an individual who is already bankrupt. The Act provides that a person in this circumstance can simply request his or her trustee to convene a creditors meeting for the purpose of putting a proposal to the creditors for an arrangement or a composition. The voting requirement is the same as for a P.I.A. that is a special resolution. However, experience indicates that creditors including the ATO are far more receptive to supporting a proposal under Section 73 than a similar proposal under the provisions found in Part X. Dr Jekyll is back.
There are a number of reasons for this. The first is that creditors are far less suspicious of a debtor who is already bankrupt proposing an annulment of the bankruptcy than an individual who is not yet bankrupt but trying to avoid the same. The second is, once an individual has become bankrupt most creditors seem to write off the debt or alternatively the file is passed to a different department. Furthermore experience demonstrates that meetings convened under the Section 73 attendances can be poor to non existent and this has the added advantage of removing the anxiety and stress from the individuals who are making the proposal. This is an important consideration for professionals advising debtors as the emotional state of clients is very important.
ATO ACTION AGAINST COMPANIES
Where the ATO is pursuing a company, the process is slightly different. Again it must be remembered that the ATO is merely an unsecured creditor (except for S.G.C) and it cannot appoint a Receiver or an Administrator. The ATO must proceed as with any other unsecured creditor in obtaining a judgement, issuing a statutory demand and then commencing winding up proceedings.
It is important to note and this is somewhat different to the position in bankruptcy that once the ATO has commenced formal winding up proceedings, it is not possible for the directors of the company to commence the Voluntary Liquidation of the company. The only option available to directors in these circumstances is to appoint an Administrator.
Furthermore, this is not without its complications. It must be remembered that once the ATO has commenced winding up proceedings a hearing date has been set. An Administrator will need to have the winding up hearing adjourned to enable him to complete the normal investigations, Report to Creditors and convene the requisite meeting to consider the company's future. In most cases the Court will grant an initial adjournment providing the Administrator gives certain undertakings in relation to not holding the decision meeting of creditors without first referring to the Court.
Once the Court does provide the initial adjournment, the Administrator's task is to prepare a report to the creditors and to submit the director's proposal for consideration. Clearly the proposal will need to provide a better outcome to creditors than the winding up. The matter usually then goes back before the Court for considering a further adjournment to enable the creditor's meeting to be held and this adjournment is not automatic. Frequently the ATO opposes the adjournment and often the reason given is not commercial but that the company should be wound up "in the public interest". Issues such as the taxpayer's compliance history and the extent to which public funds have been used to support the failing company's business are often put forward as reasons for discontinuing the operation of the business. It looks like Mr Hyde is back. In most cases the Court takes an objective view of this and looks for evidence that there are other creditors whose interests need to be served, thus justifying the need to proceed.
If the Court grants the second adjournment the creditors meeting can proceed and the outcome and future of the company will then depend on the resolution of creditors. It is important to note that this vote will simply be on a bare majority number and value (a poll) and if the numbers and the values disagree, the chairman has a casting vote. It should be obvious that once it gets to a creditors meeting stage it is far easier for a company to enter into a Deed of Company Arrangement than the counter part in the bankruptcy jurisdiction in relation to a Personal Insolvency Agreement which of course requires a special resolution for acceptance.
Again as a matter of experience even if the ATO votes against the proposal, providing the other creditors are sufficient to out vote the ATO, it is unusual for the Court to grant a winding up Order unless there are some extenuating circumstances. This could be if the resolution was passed due to related entity claims.
EARLY ACTION IS GOOD
If the company goes into Administration before the ATO commences legal action the situation is totally different. Clearly there is no Court involvement and the matter will be dealt with at a creditors meeting by a simple vote (a poll). In most cases the ATO will be out voted and must acquiesce unless there are unusual circumstances. As a consequence, the attitude of the ATO again returns to that of the good Dr Jekyll.
OTHER REMEDIES AVAILABLE TO THE ATO IN RELATION TO COMPANIES
The ATO has the capacity to issue a Director Penalty Notice in relation to outstanding PAYE Group Tax deductions. This notice is sent to the Director's home address and it gives the directors 21 days to comply. Compliance means the company either, pays the debt, make arrangements to pay the debt, goes into liquidation, or appoint an Administrator. Default means that the director or directors will be personally liable for the outstanding debt and the ATO can then commence personal bankruptcy proceedings against the directors. It is important to note that this notice is not sent to the company's registered office, nor is it sent to the company's tax agent and as a result it is often overlooked and by default expires.
The notice itself is somewhat bland and certainly less intimidating than much of the other correspondence being received by directors whose companies are facing financial difficulty. This is another reason why the notices are often overlooked.
Another tactic the ATO can use against companies is to serve a Garnishee Notice on the company's debtors or bank accounts pursuant to Section 260-5 of the Taxation Administration Act. If this tactic is used it can be somewhat fatal to the company's operation as it has the effect of cutting off the company's cash flow. This can happen to a company at any time and without notice and the company director should therefore be aware of the potential of this axe falling at any time.
Clearly the conclusion again that should be reached in relation to all of the above matters is that if a company is facing financial difficulties it is far better to act earlier than later.
ANTI FRAUDULENT PHOENIX LEGISLATION
The Government announced in the 2011 budget that it would expand the current director penalty notice regime to include superannuation guarantee amounts and to deny directors the benefit of PAYG credits when such payments are not remitted to the government or to the ATO. Most importantly the new legislation denies the 21 days grace period where there is unreported debt exceeding 3 months.
This legislation is purportedly aimed at preventing fraudulent Phoenix activity whereby directors purposely use a succession of companies in a cyclic manner specifically to avoid statutory debts.
The legislation has been criticised on a number of levels. Firstly, it has been submitted that the ATO has already significant debt recovery tools which it currently under utilises. Secondly, the fact that the ATO is so tardy in relation to its debt collection proceedings will not be solved by the new legislations. This is an administrative issue not a legislative one. Thirdly, it is quite clear that the directors would not take positive steps unless they are forced to and in the absence of serving directly penalty notices it is unlikely that the directors or failing companies will take any action whatsoever.
The fifth issue is that the broader economic concerns will not be addressed by this legislation and may get worse. If the ATO relies on the new legislation and "cherry picks" directors it wants to pursue rather than address the administrative issues the net effect will be inefficient business will continue to be propped up. This has significant impact on the competitive environment in particular it allows inefficient businesses to unfairly compete with legitimate and honest businesses that are paying all their taxes as and when they fall due.
Finally and most importantly, there is no mention in the Legislation of "Fraudulent Phoenix Activity" and many commentators believe that the Legislation whilst intended to attack such activity misses the mark entirely and simply allows the ATO to cherry pick those directors it intends to pursue.
We have submitted that the legislation by and large is well intended and conceptionaly sound, but we have suggested amending the legislation such that grace period be deleted where there is an unreported debt of 3 months and the directors have been an officer of a previous failed company within the last 5 years OR the ATO can prove that there is a "Fraudulent Phoenix Activity". (to be defined)
We further believe that notwithstanding the fact that no notification is required, there is sound public interest issues involved with the ATO serving some sort of warning notification as the business community generally is unaware of the ramifications and most directors will not take action unless some critical issue occurs.
Importantly the legislation should not replace more rigid administrative procedures in relation to debt recovery.
We believe that without the amendments suggested, that many innocent directors will be caught by the legislation, the community will not be well informed and not served by this legislation and that struggling businesses will continue to be propped up by the ATO as there is no clear evidence that the ATO will use its new tools any more aggressively than the tools it currently has.
In a subtle way the Jekyll and Hyde theme continues because it is the lack of action by the ATO in regard to debt recovery that causes most of the harm to the business environment. This is so firstly because it creates a false sense of security to poor performing businesses and secondly by effectively propping up such inefficient businesses it adds unfair competitive pressures to compliant tax payers.
Category: Administrations, Agreements, Bankruptcy, Blog, Business Recovery, Corporate Insolvency, Financial Restructuring, Liquidations, Personal Insolvency, Voluntary
Website eg: http://www.example.com


Would you take $69,500? ❏ leads to harder and harder hits. How does Jason Anderson slapping Vince Friese on the back of the helmet at Anaheim 2 rate being disqualified for the night, but Zach Osborne who, according to the AMA, was riding in "a manner as to endanger the life or limb of other riders" only gets a fine?
If the AMA can't be consistent in its penalties and develop a system that is understood by the riders, fans and media, they will always be a joke.
MXA was staffed only by Texans (Jody Weisel, Ketchup Cox and David Gerig).


Split-ticket Voting Law and Legal Definition | USLegal, Inc.
Split- ticket voting is a form of election used when multiple offices are to be decided by a single election. In these type of voting voter chose candidates from different political parties. Split-ticket voting can potentially be used as a form of tactical voting.


"There are very few comedy series that have had the longevity that the Hayate the Combat Butler series has had since it started back in 2004. Since its creation the manga series has had numerous anime adaptations throughout the years, though some of the more recent series weren't quite as well received, the first and longest running season was out of reach for fans in the West for quite some time. Thankfully Sentai Filmworks has brought out the entire fifty-two episode first season out on Blu-ray for the first time in the West. With the original series still going strong, does this first season from 2007 still worthwhile today?"


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Home Car News Car Reviews 2019 Mercedes-AMG A35 Review
2019 Mercedes-AMG A35 Review
Dominique Vishnudatt
In 2017 Mercedes Benz sold almost 2.3 million cars worldwide, this marked the seventh consecutive year that the Stuttgart-based manufacturer broke its own sales record. In that same year, its AMG division sold more than 130,000 cars globally. A large portion of this massive success can be attributed to the vastly popular E-Class and its SUV lineup, though what's perhaps more important is that Mercedes seems to understand its customers just as well as it understands automobiles. The company keeps its target audience at the forefront of every project, and tailors all design and performance elements to its buyer persona. And although Mercedes has been around for some time, the AMG A35 may just be the epitome of this demographic-focused manufacturing.
The new A35 is the first AMG iteration of the current A-Class, and therefore also the early successor of the widely acclaimed A45, which sold twice as many units as Mercedes originally anticipated in 2013. The hot-hatch has some big shoes to fill after the success stories that its forerunners have written, and it seems like Mercedes has given the A35 a fighting chance: the new compact-brawler is unmistakably committed to the AMG design DNA. Although the engine is not entirely an AMG powerplant, having been borrowed from an A250, the dynamics have been drastically tweaked to obscure its lineage sufficiently for non-AMG purists.
Sun Yellow Mercedes-AMG A35
Rear Side View
Interior Cockpit
Steering Wheel Buttons
Under the hood sits a 2.0-litre, four-cylinder engine, with a twin scroll turbo churning out 306 horsepower to all four wheels. The spectrum ranges from front-wheel drive only to a 50:50 percent distribution to the front and rear axles, directing all 400Nm of torque to the wheels, even before the front wheels will scuffle for grip during spirited accelerations. Beyond all this, a 7-speed dual clutch gearbox ensures seamless gearshifts with agile ratios. The entirety of its components means that the A35 is greater than the sum of its parts, allowing the car to accelerate from 0-100 km/h in 4.7 seconds (only 0.5 seconds slower than the A45), and keeping the fun going until 250km/h, making it a full-blooded pocket-rocket.
On the stylistic side of things Mercedes has done a phenomenal job once again; taking many of the successful design features from the standard A-Class and tweaking them just slightly to give it a more sturdy and energetic appearance. The A35 has the optional Aerodynamics pack featuring a larger front splitter and additional high-gloss side canards in black as well as the renowned AMG rear-spoiler. If the Aero pack is too pretentious for your liking (let's face it; a hot-hatch really doesn't need that wing for extra downforce), there's always a Night Package, which blacks out the front splitter, the side canards, and includes black chrome tailpipes for a more gracious spruce up.
The interior is arguably second to none for a hatchback of its caliber. The A35 has borrowed all the lavish attributes from its siblings and employed them in tasteful fashion. The widescreen cockpit is the central focus of the interior, and flaunts touchscreen capability, and allows for significant customization when switching between driving modes. In comfort mode the instrument panel displays a neat array of customary telemetry data on the vividly crisp display.
This screen can also be configured for more energetic handling, presenting the driver with a large central rev counter to provide unobtrusive cues to pull the fixed shifter paddles. Sticking out like a sore thumb are the indicator stalks that feel inferior and cheap in comparison to the rest of the cockpit, which is coated in premium materials and top-end craftsmanship. The steering wheel is a delight to hold and begets a surprisingly mature yet forceful feeling in the hand. It is however lathered with multimedia control buttons – albeit in a sleek and stylish manner, the steering wheel feels a tad too crowded. A welcome addition are the digital controllers attached to the steering wheel (akin to Ferrari's manettino switch) with a touch of modernism.
The steering wheel's polarity between a sportive and aggressive style, combined with useful everyday features, is an omnipresent aspect throughout the car, and is most superbly embodied by the AMG performance sport seats. The seats are a phenomenal blend between providing bolstered support, and comfortable quotidian seats. They provide substantial support for passionate cornering, but don't amount to agony on longer roundtrips. The rear seats tell a similar story by giving passengers a comfortable ride with a surprisingly adequate amount of legroom.
Denim Blue Mercedes-AMG A35 Edition 1
Cockpit Interior View
So what do all these facts and figures amount to? What is the A35 actually like to drive? Mercedes has impeccably ensured that the target demographic will get along well with the driving experience. This means that your auditory senses are blessed with a symphony of bursts and crackles in sport+ mode – although the exhaust note notably left room for the eventual AMG A45 (expected unveil in mid-2019) to fill the gap.
Nevertheless, the A35 hardly ever feels like it's lacking power; the twin scroll turbo ensures decorous responsiveness at lower engine speeds, and a feisty boost at higher revs. For spirited driving the A35 provides effortless fun: not only does the steering wheel impart robust steering feedback, but better torsional rigidity also improves steering precision and enables the suspension to come into its own. The car benefits from a greatly improved suspension from the aluminum stamped panel beneath the engine compartment, and a solid-mounted subframe. This implies that on the twisty bends the car requires minimal effort to corner smoothly, even at higher speeds.
What sets the A35 into a league of its own, is perhaps its strongest selling point: the price. In Germany, the basic price of approximately 47,500 Euros (including VAT) marks the most affordable entryway into the AMG segment to date. The remarkably affordable price-point makes it easier for new, young and active target groups to choose a Mercedes AMG for the first time, and therefore to move up within the market segment along the years.
In shrewd fashion, Mercedes has once again tailored a car to appeal to a very specific segment of the market, intended to foster brand loyalty at a young age. The A35 requires alarmingly little driver competence due to the refined dynamics of the car, and provides an abundance of effortless fun in return. With the millennial audience in mind, the A35 is perhaps the ideal gateway for a juvenile motorist wishing to daily drive a comfortable, yet sportive vehicle, that is compact for city driving, and passionate on spirited drives.
The A35 has been crafted with its target audience at the forefront of every stage of the design process. The car provides effortless fun, and offers a very affordable price point into the AMG segment.
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Project Exposure: 1 of 1 BMW M2 Hatchback with a V8...
Most Popular Lamborghini Urus Bodykits in 2020/2021


"My battery is at 10% - if it cuts off that's the reason!". Ah, the dreaded phone battery. But then, this is Ross Burkinshaw that I am talking to, a man who has overcome far more significant issues than low power on a lithium-ion battery. We made it in one conversation.
"I turned pro in 2006, but was in the army until 2012. I was the first serving soldier to be granted permission to turn professional (Ross was in the rifles). I was Combined Services champion two years in a row - it meant I didn't actually go back to my batallion until 2006, which is when I wanted to turn pro. I moved back to Sheffield and got a civilian flat and trained at a civilian gym from then on. Used to go to Catterick once a month and talk to recruits about my career - they used me for publicity, putting my face on billboards and the sides of buses around the country. They would march out to the ring with me so it was great PR for them as well, they even got to march out live on Sky Sports."
Professional boxer and part of the Army. Ross sure knows how to pick the hard work careers. But it is the kind of physical and mental fortitude that would have been drilled in to him during his army career that has helped him during his boxing career as well. Two years after he turned professional, and having amassed for wins and a draw, Burkinshaw suffered his first loss.
"My shoulder popped out in 2008 in a fight against Abdul Mghrbel which was my first loss." Ross tells me. It wasn't the last time that injury would disrupt one of his fights. "I continued trying to fight with my left arm, but the ref had realised that my shoulder had popped out and stopped it. I got back on a winning spree and then ended up getting beaten by Lee Haskins in 2009 for the British flyweight title."
Over the years that loss to Haskins has proven to be perfectly respectable - this year the Bristol bantamweight picked up the IBF title against Ryosuke Iwasa. Burkinshaw re-grouped, and picke up three consecutive wins before putting himself in a position to challenge for the British bantamweight title in 2010 against the unbeaten Craig Lyon. The fight ened in defeat, and was the start of a difficult two years for Burkinshaw who suffered numerous injuries, returning to the ring in April 2012 losing to Michael Ramabelesta. He then spent a further 15 months on the sidelines before fighting the talented Gavin McDonnell in July 2013.
" had been out 15 months with an injury. My trainer at the time said it would be a good idea to move up in weight and fight Gavin for the central area title, but after having that period of time out of boxing, looking back in hindsight I shouldn't have done it."
McDonnell is another fighter that holds no shame in losing against. Brother of former world champion Jamie, Gavin has an unbeaten professional record and is looking at world honours himself. After the loss Ross went back to re-group again. He put together a string of five consecutive wins, including one particularly impressive victory over undefeated Jason Cunningham of Doncaster. Is it the what Burkinshaw would rate as his best win?
"It was my best fight - I have a 12 round war! I was training for a fight in mid September and got a phone call on second September seeing if I would fight for the Commonwealth title. I told them yeah no problem, then asked when it would be - this Saturday!" Hardly ideal preparation to step in for a Commonwealth title fight - and it got worse when he found out his opponent. "They told me it was against Jason Cunningham - I don't really follow boxing too much any more, I've been in the sport 21 years and it can take over your life. But I had heard of him, so I asked about and found out he was unbeaten, never lost a round and was English champion and former ABA champion. I thought to myself why not, so I went out there and did it."
Challenging for his third different title in three fights, Burkinshaw was this time taking on Klaas Mboyane of South Africa for the vacant WBO Inter-continental title in Rotherham, not far from his home town of Sheffield.. Burkinshaw dominated the early proceedings, taking apart the overseas fighter. 3-1 up on the scorecards after four rounds things were looking good when Ross was unable to return for the fifth round - an issue with his elbow causing him too much pain to continue fighting.
"I felt that pain in my elbow. But that's boxing for you, I can't change it and I will come back from it like I always do. Injruies, losses, whatever - I always bounce back."
At the time Ross was slightly less philosophical, talking of the potential of walking away from the sport. "I was having a bit of a paddy! I'm certainly not retiring, I've got a good few years left in me yet." For that we can be pleased. Ross is still in possession of the European title, but vacated the Commonwealth.
No plans are in place for his next fight yet - "we have talked about October but it will more than likely be in November now". The former soldier now has his career in the hands of Dennis Hobson, a promoter who has done big things for a number of fighters from the North East.
"I've known Dennis since I was about 11. I used to carry Clinton Woods' belt to the ring for him and Dennis was Clinton's manager and promoter. I was signed with Frank Maloney as a promoter and Glyn Rhodes as my manager then in 2010 I moved on to Ricky Hatton. Once I had got over all the injuries I wanted to look elsewhere - me and Glyn ended up parting company. I ended up then training with Ryan Rhodes and had meetings with several manager and promoters. I believe Dennis was the man for me. Ryan (Rhodes) was one of my heroes growing up so I love having him train me."
It sounds like Ross has got himself in a good place now mentally and physically. Despite the loss in his last outing, there are some exciting fights available both domestically and further afield. I put some names to him - Jamie McDonnell, Lee Haskins, Stuart Hall. "I'm up there with all of them. Who knows what can happen. I don't like to call out other fighters or knock other fighters, but if the fights come along and my manager thinks it's the best route for me I will take them."
Holding the European belt gives Burkinshaw a number of options, never a bad thing as a fighter. He can look to build on that title, consolidate it or come back for a fight in the UK. "Before I have lost and had to come back at the very beginning, that doesn't have to happen this time." Ranked in or around the top ten with a number of the governing bodies he is also able to pick from various routes. The aim is still the same - to become a world champion. "We are looking at the WBO route, but someone mentioned to me the IBO. It's not greatly appreciated in boxing but Ricky Hatton has been a champion, Klitschko, David Haye - there's many boxers. If it gets me a title then who knows? I'll go any route."
That willingness to build his career down whichever route suits him will undoubtedly prove a benefit as Burkinshaw looks to re-build again. This time he has a more stable base than before, less of a job to do to reach the aim. Inuries have plagues this likeable Yorkshireman and possible held him back from achieving more in his boxing career to date - but if he can stay clear and get back on a good run then there are plenty of fights availableto him domestically and internationally. Right place and right time are important to any fighter - Ross could be ue his lucky breaks soon enough.


Stuart Scuba offers Technical courses for those looking to further their diving career with more challenging activities. We offer classes that teach the use of different gas mixes and decompression so you can dive deeper or extend your bottom times. Use these skills along with one of our wreck penetration courses learn how to safely enter ship wrecks and explore them.


Lethal Lesbian is an annual film festival dedicated entirely to cinematic works produced by local Israeli lesbian artists. Showcasing both feature-length and short films across a variety of genres, the festival has been supporting the local cinematic community since 2008. Ticket prices vary.


At 400, roast peppers until the skin has blackened (about 45 min-1 hour). Cover peppers to steam for about 20 minutes. Discard skin and seeds. Roughly chop pepper.
Over medium-high heat, sauté onion, celery, carrots until soft (about 5 minutes). Stir in sweet potato, pepper, and garlic, and cook for about 2 minutes. Add spices.
Add vegetable stock, and bring to a simmer. Add cashew meal and salt, to taste. Simmer on low for about 20 minutes. Stir in lemon zest.
Blend until completely smooth. Serve.
©2019 Eat Our Feelings. All Rights Reserved.


If you remember the groovy '70s, then you must have adored The Partridge Family. From 1970 until 1974, the singing group made us laugh and love. Check out the cast then and now!
Tina was the niece of Reuben Kincaid, but initially the kids thought he was cheating with another woman. How silly! Anyway, that was the only episode Jaclyn Smith was on in 1970.


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Q: When doing doing AlignSeqs using DECIPHER I am getting Error: node stack overflow Error during wrapup: node stack overflow I am doing DNA sequence alignment using DECIPHER (AlignSeqs). I am getting the error in the second step (Clustering into groups by similarity:)
alignmentFls <- AlignSeqs(DNAStringSet(seqFls), processors=NULL, anchor=NA)
Determining distance matrix based on shared 7-mers:
  |===============================================================================================================================================| 100%
Time difference of 104.46 secs
Clustering into groups by similarity:
  |===============================================================================================================================================| 100%
Error: node stack overflow
Error during wrapup: node stack overflow
Does anyone know what the issue is and potential solutions?
Thanks,
Ebi

A: This issue has been fixed in DECIPHER version 2.6. Please update your R and then reinstall DECIPHER to begin using the latest version.