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How Far Have Our Radio Signals Traveled From Earth?
What Is The Multiverse?
Where Are All The Aliens? What Is Fermi's Paradox?
The Definitive Guide to Exoplanets
What Is The Future Of Space Travel?
Zidbits
The expanding sphere of radio signals traveling outward from the earth is often portrayed in TV shows and Hollywood movies to be like a time machine. The further you get from earth, the further back you go in the history of radio and TV broadcasts. Today we explore how far these signals have traveled, and more importantly, if radio signals actually work that way.
Earth's Expanding Radio Bubble
As depicted in the beginning of the movie 'Contact', the earth has an expanding 'bubble' of man-made radio signals expanding outward at the speed of light. The first of these early radio transmissions were short range experiments that used simple clicks and interrupts to show transmission of information in the 1890s. In 1900, Reginald Fessenden made the first — though incredibly weak — voice transmission over the airwaves. The next year saw a step up in power as Guglielmo Marconi made the first ever transatlantic radio broadcast.
This means that at 110 light-years away from earth — the edge of a radio 'sphere' which contains many star systems — our very first radio broadcasts are beginning to arrive. At 74 light-years away, television signals are being introduced. Star systems at a distance of 50 light-years are now entering the 'Twilight Zone'.
Will Any Extraterrestrial Life Within That Radio Sphere Detect Us?
While it's interesting to imagine how far our radio signals have traveled into space, it's extremely unlikely that an alien civilization will be able to catch the latest episode of 'I Love Lucy'. This is thanks to the inverse square law. In Layman's term, it's a form of signal degradation.
As radio signals leave earth, they propagate out in a wave form. Just like dropping a stone in a lake, the waves diffuse or "spread out" over distance thanks to the exponentially larger area they must encompass. The area can be calculated by multiplying length times width which is why we measure it in square units – square centimeters, square miles, etc. This means that the further away from the source, the more square units of area a signal has to 'illuminate'.
Another way to think of it, is that the strength of a radio signal will be only 1/4 as great once you are twice the distance from the source. At ten times the distance, the strength of the signal would only be one hundredth as great.
Because of this inverse square law, all of our terrestrial radio signals become indistinguishable from background noise at around a few light-years from earth. For a civilization only a couple hundred light-years away, trying to listen to our broadcasts would be like trying to detect the small ripple from a pebble dropped in the pacific ocean off the coast of California – from Japan.
So Why Does SETI Bother To Listen To Radio Signals In Space?
Our Radio Bubble In The Milky Way
While no alien civilization is likely to pick up our television or radio broadcasts unless they're within a few light-years, radio signals can be focused and amplified. Most of our broadcasts were not intended for detection in space. Radio signals can be aimed, focused and amplified to mitigate signal degradation for interstellar communication. These signals would also eventually degrade but are able to travel much, much further before degradation occurs. Hundreds of light-years or more depending on how much power is used.
It's now becoming possible to detect the atmospheric composition of extrasolar planets. This breakthrough has allowed researchers to narrow down our hunt for earth-like worlds. It's quite possible that an advanced alien culture can also do this, and detected an abundance of water in our atmosphere. If they have, they may have sent a focused radio message in our direction. If we're not listening though, we may just miss it.
Radiowave propagation, edited by M.Hall and L.Barclay, page 2, published by Peter Peregrinus Ltd., (1989)
Ismail Bullialdus, Astronomia Philolaica … (Paris, France: Piget, 1645), page 23
Dictionary of Electronics By Rudolf F. Graf (1974). Page 467.
Demetrius T Paris and F. Kenneth Hurd, Basic Electromagnetic Theory, McGraw Hill, New York
Related Topics:aliens, inverse square law, radio signals, SETI, space, TV
illeglalien
If an alien ship was to hit our airspace they would probably shoot it down.
Yet, we expect to go to other planets and not be attacked.
You would have to estimate that an alien race with technology sufficient enough to visit us would be incredibly more advanced. I would be incredibly impressed if we could shoot it down.
A) they are visiting peacefully to preserve and protect us like we preserve endangered species (not likely) or B) they are vising to exterminate and harvest our natural resources (VERY likely!)
Fred Fnord
…to 'harvest our natural resources'?
Good god. Why would they want to do that? There are dozens of other bodies in the solar system that would provide much more ready access to any resource that they could possibly want, without the difficulties of Earth's large gravity well or its damaging and dangerous (to space ships) atmosphere. Let alone their own solar system, or any of the probably hundreds of other uninhabited ones that are closer to their home than ours.
Seems like sheer paranoia to me.
You're right. Seems much more likely they'd just eradicate us in order to prevent us from ever becoming a threat (considering our history of… you know – being threatening.)
I agree with what the previous poster said. If other civilizations had that kind of technology where they could travel to any corner of the galaxy they would have all the resources they need. If they were to come to earth they would most likely send an ambassador of some sort, because they would be just as curious as we are about them. You watch way too many movies.
John Austin
Well, if you think about it, life is responsible for many resources, like oil and some complex minerals, that would not be available on planets devoid of life. So it's not to paranoid to theorize that there might be a civilization sufficiently advanced to get to earth efficiently but is still reliant on some resources that life provides.
Jacqueline L
Right. An advanced life-form transverses light years of space and yet you theorize they would be reliant on oil or any other minute quantities of natural resources we possess? Perhaps you might want to rethink that one.
Jacqueline is spot on. What need would an advanced extra terrestrial species POSSIBLY have with oil? Heck, we're even moving towards better utilization of solar energy & pure electric vehicles, and away from oil usage. If a species has the power to travel across the universe, they sure as heck aren't going to dredge up old decayed bones in the form of oil.
ET's needing oil. That's hilarious.
Maths like the inverse square law was never a strong point of mine. So how far in light years would Marconi's 25,000 watts of power travel (when he sent radio telegraphy signals across the Atlantic), before they would drop below background noise?
Overmars
It depends on the frequency used. The common frequencies in use today in the civilian sector are VHF and above- which degrade very rapidly after a certain distance. All frequencies do not posses equal capabilities. Our atmosphere is the greatest obstruction to radio communications worldwide, and the sun is the greatest amplifier. If ULF (ultra-low frequency), of ELF (extremely-low frequency) were used, great interplanetary distances could be reached easily. The only problem is that the antenna for the latter one would have to be about 3000 miles long since a wavelength is over 3000 miles long. NASA also claims what the latter frequency is non-ionizing, meaning almost no signal degradation since the molecules wont react… The bottom line is that given the complexity of our universe anything and everything is possible, there are infinite numbers in existence and if you can imagine or think of something it probably exists somewhere out there.
You could use a tuner and trick the radio into thinking the antenna is long enough. Amateur radio operators do it all the time, it allows for crazy frequency and massive transmission boosts.
SGTRandyB
IF a species had the technology to travel from their home planet, to another like ours; I feel like it's safe to assume a few things:
1. They would be able to harvest bodies that had no intelligent life, we represent real nuclear opposition, and a streamlined mining operation on such a scale would likely just avoid such problems. There is no telling what even a simi advanced species might have hidden up their sleave when there are an infinite number of mineral bodies in space with nothing to oppose a species from taking them.
2. The energy required to traverse space on such a scale has to be greater than the cost for that same species to simply breed or even lab engineer workers from just a few samples of a species. So enslaving manking is also unlikely, despite the great SciFi stories based on such alien goals.
3. Seeking a new habitable planet, this feels more likely than the previous two but even minior viral or bacterial differences could spell disaster. It might actually be simpler to become a permanently space fairing species or to revive a dead planet on the cusp like Mars, since the vast majority of microbial life would be dead or dormant, giving a species time to identify and take measures against the local blend. Not to mention they could implant their own fauna blend far easier, there would be no competing local plants.
4. Technology could drive a species to be hostile, but a species traveling space from habited planet to habited planet likely wouldn't be interested in multiple prolonged wars to gain small bits from civilizations less advanced, some still being dangerous. They would likely rather trade and move on.
I'm not really qualified to say anything of weight of this subject, don't get me wrong, I'm just some guy. But I can only envision one senario where it's "more likely" an alien species would be hostile towards us over not…..
One where we attacked first.
"The energy required to traverse space on such a scale has to be greater than the cost for that same species to simply breed or even lab engineer workers from just a few samples of a species."
This is actually not true at all. Remember that space is a vacuum, so once you escape your own gravity wells, you don't require propulsion to keep traveling in the direction you set out. AND you can use other gravity wells to increase your speed without wasting much in the way of propulsion. Deep space travel doesn't require all that much in propulsive energy. Now the energy to support life, etc, would be far more…
"It might actually be simpler to become a permanently space fairing species or to revive a dead planet on the cusp like Mars" Except that "reviving" mars might be impossible. The core of the planet is dead. Which means no volcanic activity, no magnetic activity….so you would have to find a way of sustaining the atmosphere from sheering off into space (like it already has) once you replace it.
emailforpublicuseonly
From our perspective Mars may not be a viable option to be "revived", but I would imagine a more advanced species than ours could be very much capable of melting the core of a " dead" planet in a Goldilocks zone, engage the hot core and make it spin thus creating a magnetic field which in itself would start to shield the planet from deadly solar winds causing life to spring up quickly. Being an advanced species they can change the length of the day, manipulate a moon to help regulate/create seasons, etc.
If this process takes 100 years that isn't a very long time from their perspective. An advanced race no doubt already has nano-medical technology that enables them to wipe out every disease they have and any disease that arises. They've also been able to program nano-medical bots to repair dead or dying cells and replicate healthy cells effectively allowing them to live forever. They would amass knowledge throughout their thousands, millions or billions of years of living.
From their perspective we are nothing remarkable or unworthy of even bothering to make contact with. Rats, elephants, crows and dolphins are highly intelligent and share our world, and yet we look down on these creatures as lower life forms and we allow them to be destroyed. High civilizations would not be the slightest bit interested in us.
I think that the prospect of an (other) species being cohesive, while having the ability to defy time and space as we humans know it, is a scary but beautiful thought.
In the spirit of the subject, I would imagine that with the power to travel light years or even sustain life in space for a longer time than imagined, suggests a power that our mind can not comprehend.
I imagine that having such a technology would impair a man's judgement. And thinking like an alien, I would prefer not to be conflicted with ignorance of a top down species like humans can be. I would have already calculated the possibility to be peaceful and united. I would have already evaluated your worth to the solar system, and I would have already anticipated your abilities to create flying objects to defend, and conquer.
But if I were a alien, I would not know your intentions because as being advanced "so to speak", I would not underestimate the abilities of a species, one which could destroy me. By numbers alone, I've already estimated that beings of your kind can't take the thought of my existence.
We aliens have cameras too. I think you all look like pooh, Aliens take poops too,
Mr. Alien
I think we tend to think of interstellar travelers as being representatives of their people and I think this is probably a mistake. We've seen a great deal in our own history traders (usually come later once a land has been identified), explorers (perhaps most likely) or raiders (who pose the greatest risk to us).
Explorers – usually financed by governments due to the great expense of traveling those distances. Initially present as peaceful, but generally devolve into conflicts over trade or desire for more lands and expansion of power. While I found what was said about slavery above well-thought out, I do think one needs to keep in mind that if a species decided to take up residence on our planet (perhaps because habitable planets are so rare and making them habitable so difficult) that the most effective means of converting the planet to their purpose would be using species already there. They may not look at any differently than we do the use of horses, dogs, and other species in the advancement of our civilization. Also, this would likely be preceded by an event that would wipe out a large portion of the civilization so as to neutralize any hidden threat by the people and to leave us disorganized… a frontal assault makes little sense when even something as simple as a well placed asteroid or virus could cause enough chaos for society to breakdown and leave us disorganized and easy to corral. Still, I think there is also the opportunity that much the way we try to respect (relatively speaking) indigenous tribes around our globe due to pressure from larger nations like us we may find we are allowed to exist and run our own course if there is a society of planets and mixed civilizations.
Raiders – far more disconcerting would be raiders who would not attack on behalf of a nation, but individuals or individual tribes who branch out stealing what they can. They would likely be merciless. Imagine pirates long ago, Vikings, there are Indian tribes who would plunder and attack other tribes across North America, barbarians … while this is usually preceded by explorer discovery, it is not always the case. If you were to believe in abductions, which I don't, wouldn't it make sense that there would be 'collectors' if you will of other species who would love to have a specimens showcase them like we do other life on this planet. Just pieces of our society may be valuable, resources we have already mined and require no further work on there part other than forcibly take, nuclear weapons, there are items that we possess that would be attractive to a rogue ship of raiders who made their livings the way similar people have throughout our history.
Whether they initially come in peace or not, the existence of other lifeforms more advanced than us would be troubling and we would certainly face a grave risk the way lesser developed civilizations have across our globe, particularly as Western Civilization has expanded.
If scientists working on SETI projects have picked up many radio signals from space, why are they not claiming to have discovered extra-terrestrial life?
Because radio signals are not just created by intelligent life. Stars and black holes can create radio signals. Even Jupiter's magnetic field creates a radio source we can pick up on AM radio. There would have to be coherence behind the signal, or data embedded in it if its analogue.
Because radio signals are hard to understand. Most of what they pick up are either interference from our planet (I went to the GBT, a radio telescope, and they wont even let you use gas powered cars because they require spark plugs) or radio waves from other planets, i.e. the sun. They mostly use them to find the composition of distant nebulas. Currently, they do not take on searches for extra terrestrial life unless it is a private researcher who is willing to shell out some coin.
I'm no expert. I'm only 15. But as explained earlier there is actually trillions of so called 'radio signals' literally all around the universe, but this is normal and not signs of ET. It is called something ALONG the lines of either CBR or CMBR, both mean Cosmic Background Radiation. Basically static and weird sounds left behind after the Big Bang I think.
Misleading timeline. The earliest transmissions didn't make it to the moon, let alone the nearest star. Look at the power and frequencies involved. Radar technologies, anywhere near the frequencies needed to span interstellar space only came along in WWII. The more powerful of the radars like the 780 KW "space fence" "chirp" systems are only a few decades old. Throw in beam angle and one comes up with a less than in a blue moon chance of getting a statistically significant set of signals.
Truthspew
You have to remember – radio as it exists is only possible because we've figured out how to select just the signal and ignore the noise. This wasn't feasible with amplitude modulation, but with frequency modulation you get higher selectivity and sensitivity on the receiver.
All goes back to the invention of the MASER aka Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. And the MASER begat the LASER.
So who's to say an alien culture hasn't figure out a good quantum method of suppressing noise and has nice sensitive receivers?
And back to the LASER thing – even NASA is now playing with light based communication.
Baruch Atta
I imagine that any species more advanced than us would not be using radio to communicate interstellar. We have had radio for about 100 years, and we are close to the next generation. What would be the next generation, you ask? I imagine that quantum physics will provide the answer, either entangled electrons ("spooky action at a distance") where the connection is instantaneous, or some other type of hyper-dimensional transmissions. These may be 50 to 100 years away.
So, in the 100,000 years that MAN has been a species, and the 100,000 years that he might remain (hopefully) we have a span of 200 years, or 1/1000 of the time of existence, where RADIO is considered useful for interstellar communication. Let's put it this way – it would be like a message in a bottle or smoke signals to us, today. Really totally useless, relative to the possibilities.
God's Carbon Based Probe
You are all such fools. We've given you plenty of time. We have been here all along studying you and your vile behavior. Resources are scarce and we can't risk you escaping Earth, only to kill us one day, so we will just preemptively erase you. We're vegetarians, so don't worry about us eating you. You've had centuries, but as your technology improves, so does the body count. It seems like it will end up at a point where you try to eradicate us, so we're just gonna beat you to the punch.
Anonymous Alien Guy
Nandhu
Ok, first of all why are you people over thinking about aliens and all. Even if aliens do exist and if they are way smarter than us, they would have also made some radio waves and would have started to send it. If that happened, we could have watched alien TV shows. This means that aliens do not exist or they could be so far away that even our signals haven't gone that far or THEY ARE NOT SMARTER THAN US. This means that we have to simply stop believing in alien attacks. Aliens might exist because there are trillions of stars and life can be possible on another planet. They just might not be an advanced species.
Everything in this world made for a purpose. Lions were made to maintain the population of herbivores animals. We may have been made for destruction as it is happening now, or we may be the one to expand our ecosystem. If we don't expand ourselves to other planets or something like that, humans will be endangered. I am sure that humans will soon find a way to artificially make everything – like food and everything and expand ourselves in the universe.
But I stil belive that evertyhing that is created will have an end so I guess we may be the reson for the destruction for our own planet.If there was no humans.This planet would have survived until our sun gets destroyed or any meteriods strikes the earth.
If that happened, we could have watched alien TV shows.
Or perhaps they don't use radio signals to send their signals. Maybe they use light, lasers or something we haven't discovered yet.
Consider this; We live around a 3rd generation star. Earlier generations did not yet possess the elements that make up much of our planet (stellar debris is the waste product of a stars life-cycle) Out solar system is about 4.5 Billion years old, the universe is 12 Billion – any sufficiently advanced planet based life form would have to have evolved at about the same time as we did. There have also been some very fortuitous random events that allowed life to exit on this ball of rock. We could very well be alone despite the Universe hold un-number trillions of stars & planets.
Go forth & multiply. The entire Universe may be a gift for mankind. I believe that even if we manage to kill 99.99% of all life on this planet, enough of us will survive.
Star Trek Reality
One thought that I have had for quite awhile is that WE on Earth are the first civilization in the universe. And, in a billion years, (or less), our planet Earth will populate other planets, and one day the galaxy will have planets that contain Humans (our descendents). So, when people wonder why in Star Trek, most life is humanoid, I think that's because it really will be like that in some way. You, me, and most of us in America will be the ancestors of a new race of Star Trek Style Romulans, Cardasians etc. Thoughts anyone?
If we're the first… that's a terrifying thought. Equally as terrifying as the thought that we are not the first.
And Star Trek is based off humanoid thoughts. Thus it will have a humanoid bias.
BVincent
The odds of two species achieving similar levels of technology at around a similar time in which information could be exchanged, or even detected between two separate planets seems to me to be incredibly small.
Most likely, our degraded radio waves are washing over either dead civilizations that rose and fell a millennia ago, or another planets version of 'prehistoric' life. Add in the likelihood of extinction events, especially once averaged over the life of the universe, and you can probably safely assume that we are effectively alone in our neighborhood of the galaxy at this point in time. At least for technologically advanced life, which is how we measure intelligence.
Whales and dolphins are intelligent species and inhabit planet Earth, yet humans kill them nearly to extinction for food and/or by neglect (pollution, etc.). Why would we expect a species traveling from an exoplanet and landing on Earth to treat the tasty humans (and the few remaining whales and dolphins) any differently?
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This unit mainly talks about how to teach students effectively based on different situations. If teachers are the first time to meet their students, so the first step is to establish rapport with students and then know students's desire and level of english. For some reluctant students, teachers can use role-play or pair work or give them enough time to practice. When teachers teach listening, teachers must be patient and get ready to play the tape several times until most of students can understand, but for weak students, teachers can let strong students help them. During the class, students have to avoid using their native language, so teachers have to make rules clear enough and do not respond if they speak their native language.


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HomeDestinations#The Chapels of Pegeia
#The Chapels of Pegeia
The chapels of Pegeia are considered unique. In the wonderful natural surroundings of Pegeia and at a stone's throw from the sea, they exude their divine presence.
Agia Matrona: The small chapel of Agia Matrona lies at the Toxeftra region at Pegeia. The small chapel overlooking the great blue and Geronisos, was built from the initiative of people who had been aided by Agia Matrona, with the practical support of Bishop – Georgios of Paphos.
Agia Aikaterini: A small chapel in front of the church "Isodia tis Theotokou".
Agiovouni: Only some ruins remain standing today.
The Church of Prodromos: Only some ruins remain standing today.
Agia Varvara: A small place of reverence remains close to the ruins of the church.
Agios Georgios Nisiotis: It is an old church dating in the 13th and 14th century.
Agios Georgios: This is the new church which was inaugurated on the 4.10.1952 by Bishop Fotios of Paphos.
Prophet Elijah: This chapel lies 300 meters to the east of Panagia Zalakiotissa and it is a small place of veneration, measuring one square meter.
Agios Theodoros: Only some ruins remain standing today.
Agios Kalandionas: This church no longer stands today.
Agia Marina: This church lies between Kissonerga and Pegeia, exactly 200 m to the west of the military camp and to the east of the Mavrokolymbos dam.
Panagia Agridiotissa: Two churches, the new and the old church, lie at a distance of 200 meters to the east of Panagia Zalakiotissa.
Panagia Eisodion (Entrance to the temple): This is the central church of Pegeia, built in 1883 and inaugurated in 1885 by Bishop Neophytos of Paphos. A general restoration of the temple took place in 2001. This large church in our village is dedicated to the Virgin Mary and it is a modern construction.
Panagia Zalakiotissa: Two miles to the south of the village of Pegeia, according to the literature from the History of the Church of Paphos, lies a chapel built at the spot of the old Monastery of Panagia Zalakiotissa, which is renowned for curing varicose veins. The Monastery operated until the beginning of the 19th century.
According to the description by the Russian monk and traveler Vasileios Barsky, who visited the monastery in 1835, the monastery has vanished. At the time very few of its constructions remained, only a couple of cells. Upon his arrival to Cyprus, the Russian monk recorded this church and chapel.
The church of Panagia Zalakiotissa is the 2nd larger chuch in Pegeia. However, nothing remains from the old monastery but the small chapel.
In fact, the Russian monk had mentioned that the name Zalakiotissa may be derived from that site. He also noted that it was a cool area, without waters or harsh soil.
Agia Paraskevi or Palaiomonastiro: This church was inaugurated about five years ago.
Agios Petros: Some ruins of this church still stand today. The chapel no longer exists.
Church of the Holy Cross: The church lies at Toxeftra, and it was inaugurated on the 18.6.2003 by Bishop Georgios of Arsinoe, who is now Bishop of Paphos.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: distance between two points on different direction I want to measure the distance between two points on the horizon and vertical axis. Is any function on GIS can achieve this?

A: Note: many GIS distance calculators only calculate 2D distances either on the ellipsoid surface or a planar surface.
Subtract the first point's elevation (z) from the second point's and take the absolute value. That's your vertical distance.
Create a third point that has the elevation of point 1 but the xy (or lat-lon) coordinates of point 2.
Run a distance calculator on point 1 and point 3 to get the horizontal distance.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Does anyone here collect old pedal cars, or have memories of them as an ankle-biter?
Also at Gaydon, the much-lovely "JOY 1", prototype pedal car based on the Austin 8 and fore-runner to the J40.
A friend of mine, just bought a old pedal car with a Mini shaped body.
It will become a toy again, as his son will have it to play with.
Wouldn't mind one to restore for my daughter!!
Lately have been thinking of building something similar for her but it just would not be the same!!
And I do not think my skills stretch that much either!
We really fancy having as we no longer have a collection of classics but it is just finding them at the right price .
I don't know if this will work as a photo or just a straight link. A colleague of mine has posted this on his FB page. I'm not sure if it is one you don't have a picture of in the main site section or if it might be like Kevin's Ford Zephyr.
It does look like the Mk2 Zephyr pedal car.
My four year old son is desperate for me to buy him a vintage pedal car, I keep an eye out but prices are so high if you were buying to actually be used and not just collected.


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From Australia - News in Brief
PM Morrison meets with EU leaders
Australian academic finally released from Iranian prison
Keneally says military should fly stranded Australians home
Government strips terrorist of Australian citizenship
Biden calls for unity in Thanksgiving speech
Extreme weather poised to set new heat records
Labor helps ensure ICAC funding separate from government
Buses instead of trains on Sydney Harbour Bridge
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In 2020 'things change and they change fast'
Prime Minister Scott Morrison met with the President of the European Council, Charles Michel, and the President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, for the first European Union (EU) – Australia Leaders' Meeting on Wednesday.
Speaking prior to the meeting, Mr Morrison said he would share perspectives on Australia's health and economic response to COVID-19, developments in the Indo-Pacific, and the development of new technologies to reduce global emissions.
"Australia and the EU share a vision for a stable, prosperous, inclusive and resilient Indo-Pacific," he said.
The EU with its 27 member-states is Australia's second largest trading partner and the nation's largest source of foreign investment.
Mr Morrison said Australia's longstanding diplomatic relationship with the EU of almost six decades is evolving into new areas of co-operation such as digital transformation, low emissions technology partnerships, cyber security, transport and space.
Australian-British academic Kylie Moore-Gilbert has been released from an Iranian prison after spending more than two years behind bars over allegations of espionage.
"Thank you … to all of you who have supported me and campaigned for my freedom," said Dr Moore-Gilbert, who had been detained since 2018. "I have nothing but respect, love and admiration for the great nation of Iran and its warm-hearted, generous and brave people."
The Islamic studies lecturer expressed bittersweet feelings about leaving Iran, saying "I came to Iran as a friend, with friendly intentions."
She had been tried in secret for espionage and sentenced to 10 years prison, despite no evidence of her alleged crimes having been presented.
Iranian state media claims she has been exchanged in an inmate swap for three Iranian citizens who have been detained abroad.
Prime Minister Scott Morrison said he spoke to Dr Moore-Gilbert this morning and that it was "wonderful to hear her voice".
"We have always rejected her conviction and detention and I join with all Australians in praising Dr Moore-Gilbert and her family for their courage, strength and patience as we have all worked tirelessly to secure her release."
Mr Morrison said Dr Moore-Gilbert was with the Australian Ambassador to Iran and other officials in Tehran.
Sydney: Kristina Keneally wants taxpayers to foot the bill for "military planes" to fly "stranded" Australians home. The Labor Senator said 36,000 Australians were stranded around the world due to the coronavirus pandemic.
"If we can send a military plane to shoot Mathias Cormann around the globe so that he can apply for a new job surely we can send our military planes to bring our fellow Australians home," she said.
Ms Keneally also said the Commonwealth should also pay for a federal quarantine facility to cater for "surge capacity".
"Flight capacity isn't the biggest constraint, quite frankly the biggest constraint is quarantine, it is a federal responsibility," she said.
Canberra: One of Australia's most notorious terrorists has been stripped of his Australian citizenship by the Morrison government.
Abdul Nacer Benbrika was imprisoned for 12 years in 2008 for planning several attacks in New South Wales and Victoria – including the AFL Grand Final.
While the sentence has been completed, he remains in jail on an interim detention order while the government pursues a continuing detention order for three years.
Home Affairs Minister Peter Dutton said stripping Benbrika of his citizenship will protect the Australian community.
"It doesn't matter who it is, if it's a person that's posing a significant terrorist threat to our country then we will do whatever's possible within Australian law to protect Australians," he said.
US President-elect Joe Biden has referred to his own personal tragedies in a Thanksgiving speech in a bid to unite citizens ahead of the holidays.
"It's really hard to care, it's hard to give thanks, it's hard to even think of looking forward, and it's so hard to hope," he said.
Mr Biden has asked Americans to forego their family traditions and remain COVID safe as the country's death toll surpassed 250,000.
The message shows a marked departure in style from President Donald Trump. Commentators, such as The Australian's Cam Stewart believe Mr Biden is essentially returning to the Obama-era.
Mr Stewart's remarks came after Mr Biden introduced some of his cabinet picks on Wednesday.
"The message Joe Biden is trying to give here, very, very clearly, is he will not be the Donald Trump, he won't be the 'America first' president, he'll be the old-style president that reaches out to allies and is more of a globalist," he said.
Melbourne: A 4500km conveyor belt of scorching weather stretching from Broome all the way to Australia's country's south-east could prove "dangerous" in coming days, a climate scientist has warned.
The all-time record for Australia's hottest ever November day could be broken with the mercury rising close to 50°Celsius. There's also a possibility that the Sydney and Adelaide CBDs could top out at 40°C and Sydney's west is expected to easily get into the 40s.
"There's a big build-up of heat in a belt stretching from Broome to Canberra. Once we get to Thursday that will start to kick in across the south and east and peak on the weekend," Dr James Goldie from Monash University's Climate Change Communications Research Hub said.
Dr Goldie singled out Echuca and Kerang, in rural northern Victoria, as two towns that could break their all-time monthly heat records but that will be small fry compared to Tarcoola, Roxby Downs and Oodnadatta in South Australia and Birdsville in outback Queensland.
Tarcoola could see temperatures exceed its previous best of 48.7°C which would mean the rural town would become the site of Australia's hottest November day in history.
Sydney: Labor has voted with all other non-government members to pass an amendment to the Budget which ensures funding cuts to the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) were reversed and that funding for the anti-corruption watchdog kept pace with inflation.
The Legislative Council voted 24-16 in favour of these amendments, with only the Liberals and Nationals voting against.
NSW Labor Leader Jodi McKay said: "It is crucial that our anti-corruption watchdog is properly funded, but under this premier it's not."
Labor has previously raised concerns about the ICAC's budget and issues which could arise when decisions about annual appropriations are made by people who are involved or could be the subject of ICAC investigations.
Sydney: Trains will stop running across one key route in Sydney for the first 10 days of 2021 when a piece of the city's history is torn up and replaced.
Trains will stop running across the Sydney Harbour Bridge for the first 10 days of the New Year.
Buses will replace trains on the T1 North Shore and Western Line between North Sydney and Wynyard between January 1 and 10 –when patronage is expected to drop off over the holidays.
NSW Transport Minister Andrew Constance said this was the first time a closure of this scale had happened in years.
The bridge's old timber rail deck will be replaced with concrete, which he said could extend the life of the rail corridor by more than a century.
Commuters need to plan for major track work, which will also impact the T4 Eastern Suburbs and Illawarra Line.
Sydney: A NUMBER of eased restrictions will be given the green light by the state government, including loosening regulations around how many people can visit your home for Christmas.
Up to 30 people will be allowed to congregate at private gatherings, just in time for the festive season, and pubs and restaurants will be allowed one person per two square metres, Sydney radio station 2GB reported.
After months of working from home, NSW workers will be encouraged to return to the office by mid-December so long as their employer has a COVIDSafe plan in place.
Other changes include boosting the number of people allowed in small hospitality venues to 50 while 50 people will also be allowed to gather outdoors.
The number of people who can visit another person's home will increase from 20 to 30.
Sydney: ANZ Chief Executive Officer Shayne Elliott has told media about the nation's economic recovery saying this year has shown "things change and they change really fast".
Mr Elliott said, "back in March, when we were all doing our forecasts, we thought unemployment was going to hit 13 per cent".
"House prices would fall, we were looking pretty grim," Mr Elliott said.
However, he said the government came along with an "overwhelming support package" meaning "we're now looking at a pretty frothy housing market".
"Prices going up, unemployment looking pretty subdued". However, he said, "what we've learnt here, and sadly what we're seeing in South Australia, is things change".


The SF Paparazzi Machine has taken a hive of paparazzi photographers and condensed them into a machine!
Allow your guests to get the buzz and excitement of a being papped, the flash of the cameras and the sound of the yells, without the arguments and cigarette butts!
The SF Paparazzi Machine is set up with your own personalised printed step & repeat background. When your guests are in position it starts shouting at them to pose and "look this way". It then bombards them with 15 seconds of camera flashes and takes their pictures. Your guests can then instantly share and print their pictures or GIF from the touch screen/s*. See a video of the SF Paparazzi Machine here.


Located in Dolan Springs, Arizona, the C Bar J Horse Haven rescues horses from neglect, starvation and abuse. The haven rehabilitates the horses then tries to find forever homes that will adopt them. Their mission is simple, it is to rescue horses from harm and give them a second chance at a safer and happier life they deserve. It all started in 2007 when Cindy and Bill Jackson adopted two horses who were in need of a new home. Good news travels fast and before they knew it Cindy and Bill were being asked to take in more horses, so they did. Here are a few pictures I took at the C Bar J Horse Haven Rescue.
Emale was born February 1996, he is a cross-back mini mule and ready to be adopted into a loving forever home. His previous owner was 86 years old and dying of cancer in 2014 when he brought Emale to the C Bar J Horse Haven Rescue.
As you can see, Emale has his best hoof forward!
In addition to finding new homes for their horses, the haven also boards when necessary. This is Milton Burro, when his human family goes on vacation he stays at the haven until they return. Yes, he is a donkey!
This is WeeMan, a 23 year old chocolate dapple stallion who came to the haven in 2009. Great hair WeeMan!
While you're in Dolan Springs, stop by at the Joshua Tree Ostrich Ranch and pet the ostriches!
Living at the haven since 2012, Jasmine is a 12 year old Appaloosa Pony Mule, and the good news is she has been adopted! She'll stay at the haven until September 2015 when her new family will have everything ready for her at her new home.
Meet Pita, also known as Pain In The A...oops! Pita likes people, especially those who brush her! She's a dark bay about 30+ years old, about 15 hands or so. She likes to be the boss but will follow you around wherever you go. Pita doesn't like flies near her face and eyes so she wears her sunglasses...quite glamorous I think.
Pita has some chronic health issues which make her unlikely to be adopted. The C Bar J is her forever home.
These are great gifts for horse lovers!
When Poncho was 2 years old he was left for dead at the side of the road with severe damage to his head. A kindly passerby put Poncho in his trailer and went to the nearest veterinarian. After extensive treatment he was taken to the rescue haven. As a result of his injuries Poncho has permanent brain damage. Poncho is now 6 years old and living a happy and comfortable life doing all the things that a horse is supposed to do!
Where is the rescue haven and how do I get there?
From Las Vegas, NV or Kingman, AZ take Route 93 to Pierce Ferry Road. Head east on Pierce Ferry through Dolan Springs until you get to 21st Street. Turn right on 21st then right on Scenic Drive to 20th Street, turn left on 20th to Silver Lode Drive turn right. Go past the dome house and turn left.
Cindy says bring your own saddle and you can go for a ride. No appointment necessary.
Pita is good with her shades, it's common dress for horses. WeeMan thinks no one can see him.
candy47, So does it not bother Pita to have the cloth band encircling her head? Does WeeMan ever let anyone see his eyes?
I haven't seen an episode of The Walton's in a long time. I think I'll look for the reruns.
What a blessing the haven is for horses and other animals! Jasmine reminds me of Blue, John Boy Walton's mule in the television show. Good to read she was adopted.
Susan, yes they do such good work at the C Bar J Horse Haven. It's always a pleasure visiting the horses!
This is a very good cause. So many dog and cat rescues an not enough for horse and burro I like that they are aware of the animals special needs and are so very caring.
They do good work there MBC. Several of the locals volunteer their services too.
So heartwarming to see this place for the horses. Enjoyed your photos.
Thank you Mira. They do good work at the haven.
What a wonderful idea to create this horse haven :) I enjoyed your page. Beautiful photos!


Inexhaustible DJ Nico de Transilvania, the British-Romanian musician and cultural entrepreneur, will launch her first ever EP together with her own label, 'Muzică Without Frontiers', at a signature event in 1 Belgrave Square, fuelled by the beats of a unique style forged in more than 10 years in the dance temples of Europe, North America and Asia. Entitled "Be One", the album has grown from Nico's passion for traditional Romanian and Southeast European melos and electronica, was produced with the support of DJ Tom Beaufoy and was mixed and mastered by sound engineer Wes Maebe featuring voices of Romanian singers Monica Madaş (aka. Monooka) and Elena Pădure and live recordings of various Romanian musicians. The EP's artwork was designed by Finlay Cowan, a visual artist known for his collaboration with Pink Floyd and the Muse.


Hardcover, 9.5 x 11.25 in. / 448 pgs / 299 color / 15 bw.
Edited and with text by Thomas Kellein.
The 1980s saw a vibrant overhaul of both figurative and abstract painting, intensified by the raw energies of street art and magnified by the booming art economy and a larger culture of glitz and brashness. The Swiss art dealer Bruno Bischofberger dedicated himself to the art of this young, "wild" generation and thus assembled one of the most significant collections of 1980s art, acquiring key works by John Armleder, Miquel Barcelo, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Mike Bidlo, Francesco Clemente, George Condo, Enzo Cucchi, Jirí Georg Dokoupil, Rainer Fetting, Peter Halley, Keith Haring, McDermott & McGough, Mühlheimer Freiheit, David Salle, Salomé, Kenny Scharf, Julian Schnabel, Philip Taaffe and Andy Warhol. It is around Bischofberger's unsurpassed collection of these works that this massive volume is built. Assembled by Thomas Kellein, The 80s Revisited contains nearly 300 color plates of works by these artists, and thus provides a definitive guide to that lively decade.
FORMAT: Hbk, 9.5 x 11.25 in. / 448 pgs / 299 color / 15 b&w.


text:
Pelagic trip off Pedasí (including a species new for Panama), a report by Jan Axel Cubilla
- miércoles, octubre 29, 2014
Report by Jan Axel Cubilla
Photographs by Rafael Luck
Date: October 25th, 2014.
Participants: George Angehr, Rafael Luck, Euclides Campos and Jan Axel Cubilla (plus captain Jeff Hopkins and crew member "Lito")
We departed at 6:30 am from El Arenal beach, close to the town of Pedasi aboard a 30 ft sport fishing boat and headed directly to the south. Our intention was to chum a mixture of fish oil (kindly donated by Fulo Motta and Laly Vallarino) and bait plus popcorn at two different seamounts (at N 7º 14' 52.0'', W -80º 1' 0.2'' and 7º 18' 31.7'', W -79º 39' 43.1'', this last one surrounded by 1000-meter depths). We planned a 8-hours long trip, spending at least one hour at each seamount. The top speed of the boat was 12 nm, and we reached the farthest point from land at 27 nm approximately.
In total, we recorded 19 species (plus three taxa), including eight tubenoses (petrels, shearwaters and storm-petrels), five jaegers and terns, and three suliformes (frigatebirds and boobies). The remaining consisted of common migratory species (Chimney Swifts, Cliff and Barn Swallows). Of course, many individuals remained unidentified due to field conditions.
The highlights included three Tahiti Petrels at both seamounts. We managed photographs of these individuals, thus confirming its presence in Panamanian waters after the first reported sighting in september 2010. At the first seamount we also recorded three storm-petrel species (Wedge-rumped, Black and Least Storm-Petrels), and a Pomarine Jaeger that approached closely to the boat.
On route between both seamounts, we saw several Galapagos and Wedge-tailed Shearwaters, including one dark-phase individual of the latter, and flocks of Sooty Terns as well.
Apart of the Tahiti Petrel and Wedge-rumped Storm-Petrels at the second seamount, we also saw our first (of two) adult Nazca Booby. This bird ignored us completely as it flew far away from us, allowing only some record shots.
Around 12:30 pm, in the way back to port (N 7º 23' 38.5'', W -79º 37' 56.7'', we found a huge mixed flock in a feeding frenzy over a school of tuna (according to Lito). We saw many individuals of the two shearwaters species already recorded plus a definitve Sooty Shearwater (certainly more since we were not able to inspect the whole group due to lack of time). We also saw another Pomarine Jaeger and a Nazca Booby that flew over the boat twice, allowing great views this time. In the middle of the frenzy, three unidentified shearwaters flew close to the boat, allowing some shots. About the same size and pattern of the pale-phase Wedge-tailed Shearwaters recorded elsewhere, these birds looked stockier and not as long-tailed It was not until we reviewed the photos that we realized that these birds were in fact Pink-footed Shearwaters, a species never recorded in Panama before, although expected considering the several recent reports from nearby Costa Rica.
[Ed. note: We are flirting with the idea of heading out in november, perhaps on Saturday the 22nd. If you're interested in joining, let us know!]
nazca booby pink-footed shearwater pomarine jaeger sooty shearwater tahiti petrel wedge-rumped storm-petrel wedge-tailed shearwater


Game description: Yuuto has been taking care of his step-sister Kaori since the passing of both of their parents. Their life is hard, but they are happy together - at least until the day they are transported to a parallel world that they will later come to call Phantasmagoria. In this world where he can't even understand a single spoken word, his sister is taken prisoner and her captors, calling him an 'Etranger', force him to fight wielding a sword that tries to control his mind instead. Although he first accepts this fate only to protect Kaori, with passing time Yuuto starts to care for the fate of the 'spirits', the girls that fight alongside him, and other inhabitants of this world as well.
This page was last edited on 16 April 2019, at 10:10.


115 pages of glossy, color photos bring the beautiful 2005 Madame Alexander Collection to life. Includes brief Company history; includes doll sizes and descriptions and recommended retail prices in 2005. New catalog right out of shipping carton straight from the Alexander Doll Company.


text:
Are you excited about the ships in No Man's Sky?
Any ship that comes into a trading station or the space station can be bought! so all of these big ships we see coming in, with the large cock pits and the huge hulls, are ours for the taking, as long as you have enough units!
If you land in the docking bays in a space station, you can get out and browse trade-able cargo or stroll down the line of ships to check out stats and prices.
crashed ships are among some of the points of interests on the planets as we see here. tiny things have
been said as too why it couldn't be to salvage parts, because we know now upgrades to a ship is not a thing!
And liking the wings on a crashed ship and putting them on yours would be an upgrade! So we simply buy a new one with features we want! Maybe its to take any resources it may have in its hull! or this could be another way to get a ship, that hello games just isn't telling us! There's 2 ways to find out! either hello games says it or we wait and find out when we play the game! that's one of the things i love about hello games! they are keeping so much of this game a secret to be discovered by all of us!
types of ships have not changed. Fighters are light and symmetrical, Trader craft tend to be bulkier and slower, but with heavier weapons, Explorer ships will have much better hyper drives, and stealth capabilities, allowing pacifists to run from every fight. We have seen the fighter, the trader!
weapons of ships include
Shields, laser beams, plasma shot, rapid fire shots, energy torpedo, cloaking!
In ship combat, different weapons have different specialties. Lasers specialize in melting shields, while plasma projectiles do heavy damage to ship hulls. Torpedo pack a punch, but not as fast as other weapons. There's no ammo to worry about, but you do need to keep an eye on cool-downs.
If you die in a ship, you basically just lose the ship and cargo, and have to save up for a new one before you can leave the current system. But you don't lose money or upgrades. So you'll just end up in a basic life-pod, and have to go to the nearby space station to buy another ship, or planet to get more resources.
Since there are no loading screens, do you think if/when you get shot down, you'll be shot out of your ship and see the trip down in your life pod? The bottom of it could be catching on fire cause you're moving so fast, I think that would be a cool addition to the game. if they don't have something like that already.I'd get shot down on purpose to see what it looks like xD (with a creappy ship of course)
Awesome info
Just-the-facts-brah! May 9, 2015 at 9:32 AM
I know that you can't upgrade your ships...i know this! Lol, but I feel like January's spread on NMS had some pretty solid facts. That's why I'm so conflicted on the whole ship upgrade/ or possibly "improvement" of a ship. Cause on page 45 in that magazine under " An early look at upgrades" it has Ship stats, suit, and weapons stats and under ship stats it has wing, hull, wing, engine, hyperdrive, cargo and cloaking. So my question is " Will it probly be just stats you look for in new ships that u find ? Or ( and I hope this is it) is it that we'll be able to at the least " UPGRADE THOSE PARTS " of our ships? Cause hello games knows that your ships are not gonna last forever, and imagine spending a ton of money on this one ship to " IMPROVE" it and it gets destroyed or worse you find a better one that you like! Lol. What do you think?
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IF YOU KNOW WHAT TMZ IS...


GIGABIT PERFORMANCE - The unmanaged switch offers Gigabit speeds to minimize transfer times and greatly enhance the ability to stream high-bandwidth files to connected devices without interference.
PLUG & PLAY CONVENIENCE - The Linksys unmanaged switch offers a quick and easy solution to extend your office network with plug & play installation.
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The mining industry and miners' struggles in… Coal mining in the Dhanbad-Jharia area started on a significant scale in the early Current steps to privatise the world's biggest coal mining company Coal India ..
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Exit from Jharia coal belt to cost railways Rs 2,500 crore The Indian Railways is staring at a possible loss of over Rs 2,500 crore annually due to imminent closure of the 41-km long line between Chandrapura and Dhanbad.
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Coming to the constraints of the BCCL, which is already in red, Kalam said non-availability of land for mining expansion and opening of new projects is the greatest stumbling block in the way of improving the prospects of the company.
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Google, Bing, and Yahoo! are already using Schema.org markup through which they understand the data on page. So, you can manually add this data and tell Google to show rich snippets like star ratings in SERP(Search Engine Result Page). This data is being added manually, so, you can indeed add any value you want. A 5 star rating with few thousand reviews..haha noone is stopping you do that.
But please note, these are blackhat tricks and google will certainly find it out. In such a case, it is advised to install Rating widget and tell google that rating is coming genuinely. Better, right?
Here, we have used blogger as the trial because it's free and easy to use. The results appear depending on how soon google crawls your web page. You can speed up this process like hundred times faster by using fetch and submit too in search console or simply, google webmasters tool. Don't temme you don't know yet what it is.
For any queries or feedback, leave some comments and let us know.
is that code works dynamically or static way?
how can we do rating on google results with dynamic way?
There is an unclosed div in the generated code… There is a bug with this app?
i use this thing but its not working.


On Sunday Feb 11, 2018, Wellesley High School will present Brothers, Sing On!, a male voice a cappella festival hosted by the Boston Saengerfest Men's Chorus.
Headlining the afternoon are the famous Yale Whiffenpoofs. Each year 14 senior Yale men are selected to be members of the "Whiffs," a tradition that dates back to 1909. Their inimitable style and their performances from "the tables down at Mory's" to at least one concert in Antarctica have given rise to hundreds of collegiate a cappella groups around the world.
The Handel and Haydn Society Young Men's Chorus, is a choir for advanced changed and changing male voices that is part of the Vocal Arts Program. This choral program also has three treble choirs for elementary, middle and high school aged singers. In an effort to educate the entire musician, choir members also take musicianship classes.
The Wellesley High School's Men's Chorus conducted by Dr. Kevin McDonald will also sing. Each year the Wellesley High choral department performs in numerous formal events, a cappella festivals, and community outreach events providing important opportunities for the singers to share their music with a wide audience and learn from the many other talented groups with whom they perform.


text:
import { async, ComponentFixture, TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';

import { MainLayoutComponent } from './main-layout.component';
import { RouterOutletMockComponent } from '../../../testing/mocks/router-outlet.mock';
import { RouterModule } from '@angular/router';

describe('MainLayoutComponent', () => {
  // let component: MainLayoutComponent;
  // let fixture: ComponentFixture<MainLayoutComponent>;
  //
  // beforeEach(async(() => {
  //   TestBed.configureTestingModule({
  //     imports: [RouterModule],
  //     declarations: [ MainLayoutComponent, NavigationComponent, NavigationContainerComponent, RouterOutletMockComponent ]
  //   })
  //   .compileComponents();
  // }));
  //
  // beforeEach(() => {
  //   fixture = TestBed.createComponent(MainLayoutComponent);
  //   component = fixture.componentInstance;
  //   fixture.detectChanges();
  // });
  //
  // it('should create', () => {
  //   expect(component).toBeTruthy();
  // });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Chatter File allows you to Upload, Share, Follow files in the cloud. Chatter File helps the organization to discuss changes to the file in real time, from whatever device they are using. It also cuts down on email traffic and keeps all comments with the related documents for easy reference. You will get access to only those files that you own or have got access (because someone shared with you). There is no way to access someone (Other users) personal files (If it's not shared with you) whether you are a System administrator or top of Role Hierarchy. This is one pain point for System administrator how to migrate Chatter files from one user to another user because sometimes business doesn't want to lose all Chatter files owned by some user whom they are planning to derivative for some reason.
Universal Container is using Salesforce Chatter File and wants to provide an easier way to their users so they can mass transfer file ownership with another user.
I am back with a simple example to start with Visual Workflow. We will create an app using Flow to fire this flow will use Custom Link. Before proceeding you have to understand ContentDocument objects in Salesforce. It represents a document that has been uploaded to a library in Salesforce CRM Content or a file in Chatter.
In this app, user have to enter a User ID in Transfer To field. In case if you want to enter Name and then wants to display corresponding users in this case you have to add one more screen and use Dynamic Choice.
5) Save the flow with name Transfer Chatter Files and close the canvas.
1) In this demo I will be transferring Chatter Files from user "Demo User" to the user "Rakesh Gupta", as a first step copy the ID of the user "Rakesh Gupta" and loggedIn as Demo User.
You can add remove fields according to your business needs. I will suggest you to Implement this first on your developer org test it and then move it to Production. Let me know if you have any difficulty to Implement it.
First of all thanks for this post , this is very much useful.
I have a scenario wherein i want a File owner to be able to change the ownership of only one File is this doable through flow.
Only for one file? Why not doing it manually?
I would like to see if this is still validate and that there is no NEW COOL enhancements.
I have a use case where I need to have a workflow set up to have all chatter files associated with a public chatter groups assigned to the group owners to delete where they see fit.
As far as I know, there are no other way to achieve it.
Awesome! I don't suppose you've found a way to duplicate files instead of just moving them? I'm stumped on that one so far.
Thanks Mark!. Yes you are right I never tried to find duplicate files but it's a good idea. I will try it tomorrow, how you are trying to find duplicated files based on title or version ?
Ooh now that I think about it, I was trying to duplicate Attachments, not Files. But if that didn't work and I could duplicate Files, that would be a viable alternative.
I'd be looking to duplicate all Attachments or Files associated with the source Opportunity. The Business Use Case is for opps where the salesman has procured a graphic during the sale that needs to go to the implementation team in another custom object once the opp is Closed Won.


Guest contributor, Johnny McElherron, waxes lyrical about the Gronefeld 1941 Remontoire in red gold, a timepiece which harnesses much craftsmanship.
In recent years, the brothers Grönefeld have repeatedly impressed lovers of haute horlogerie with their remarkably beautiful timepieces. The Dutch duo are serial award winners. Both the One Hertz and the Parallax Tourbillon watches have deservedly thrust their makers into the limelight, attracting a global audience for their incredible horological creations.
In choosing to base their workshops in the family atelier, located in the Dutch town of Oldenzaal, 'The Horological Brothers' are positioned far away from the bosom of Swiss watchmaking. No doubt this will have presented some challenges, but likewise the chosen location of Grönefeld has imbued the company's timepieces with a distinct character all of their own.
While Bart and Tim Grönefeld are highly respected members of watchmaking's élite, they are also proud sons of Oldenzaal, becoming the town's most celebrated exporters. Indeed, it was their hometown, with its rich history, that provided the inspiration for their latest timepiece, the sublime Gronefeld 1941 Remontoire.
Located in the centre of the Medieval city is the Basilica of Saint Plechelmus. This old church has played a key role in the brothers' lives. Sitting high above the neighbouring rooftops, the church's clock chimes, keeping the townspeople on schedule. The brothers' late grandfather, Johan, tended to the clock's antique mechanical workings. Later, this responsibility passed to Bart and Tim's father, Sjef.
'The Horological Brothers' have graciously accepted several accolades for their captivating watches, featuring asymmetric aesthetics and interesting complications. This year, the brothers unveiled an entirely new design, the Gronefeld 1941 Remontoire. This sumptuous piece of fine watchmaking was conceived to celebrate three generations of Grönefeld watchmaking and the family's association with the community of Oldenzaal.
Named after the year of Sjef's birth, the Gronefeld 1941 Remontoire is an exemplary demonstration of the brothers' conceptual and physical dexterity. It revisits a complication their father would instantly recognise, the remontoire. This horological device is employed on the aforementioned church clock, hence this new watch provides a highly personal tribute to their father who continues to care for its mechanism with skilled, time-served hands. Despite the remontoire featuring in fine pocket watches of yesteryear, the complication is seldom seen in modern-day wristwatches, owing to its complexity. However, Bart and Tim exhibit a high degree of technical prowess, making the production of a contemporary remontoire viable for the Dutch company.
The crown, which resembles a champagne cork cage, an apt reminder of Grönefeld's incredible success, is one of the few elements in common with the maison's other timepieces. A new, deeply sculpted, round case, presented in a choice of 18-carat red gold or 18-carat white gold, features flowing concave and convex contours. It exudes a wonderful degree of finesse and workmanship only arrived at through hundreds of micro-manufacturing processes and endless, endless hours of intensely focused precision fingerwork.
The fact that it's been christened 'the 1941 case' suggests that a new series of Grönefeld masterpieces, sharing the same horological husk, are destined to appear at some point in the future. Indeed, I, like many admirers of fine watchmaking, look forward to the next chapter in the Grönefeld story, albeit the magnificent 1941 Remontoire proves to be an irresistible, mouthwatering entrée.
Having undergone a painstakingly meticulous process of repeated hand milling and polishing, the gleaming red gold case positively radiates with a warmth only found with precious metal. Beneath the sapphire crystal, its dial possesses a reserved yet exquisite finesse. Each tiny facet brilliantly showcases the deft skill of the artisans who work at the Grönefeld atelier.
The dial is hewn from a disc of solid sterling silver. It is sandblasted to give it its uneven, delicately mottled surface, before a final plating of rhodium dulls the finish to a shimmering grey. The mirror polished hour markers are assertive with their sharp, angular diamond cut lines contrasting markedly against the grainy grey dial to which they are affixed. Moreover, the hour markers taper to a truncated point, diminishing in height as they approach the central area of the dial, adding dimension to the face of the watch.
Positioned at 6 o'clock, the small seconds display inhabits a slightly elevated space, partitioned from the dial with a brushed circular frame. The Parallax Tourbillon shows the two brothers like to experiment with optical illusions. In this instance, the small blued seconds hand reflects a blue hue over the circular brushed subdial below as it sweeps past.
Complementing the perfect balance of the dial, the flame blued lancette hands are beautifully domed, tapering to a fine point and glinting brilliantly as they play with the light.
But it is the intriguing and unusual little device with three polished arms and a ruby, positioned at 9 o'clock, which is the focal point of the watch, for this is the remontoire or, more accurately, the governor of the remontoire. Once every eight seconds, just for an instant, it bursts into a blur of motion, releasing a small reserve of stored energy and, in so doing, providing constant force to the escapement. It is a remarkable sight, but then the Gronefeld 1941 Remontoire is a remarkable timepiece, both aesthetically and technically.
What we see here is the brothers' miniaturised interpretation of the old remontoire system in the Saint Plechelmus church clock tower, so familiar to their father and grandfather. In terms of the church clock, the purpose of the remontoire is to harness the considerable energy needed to drive its hands which are a good distance above the movement. The forces required to move the clock's large heavy components, compared to those used to power the more delicate workings, are understandably at odds with each other. Therefore, a solution was needed to split the source forces. By diverting some of the energy via the remontoire it is harnessed, diluted and released at a much gentler rate, allowing the mechanism's more sensitive components to comfortably cope.
Obviously the remontoire complication within a wristwatch serves a different purpose, ensuring the energy serving the escapement is delivered in a constant force. This energy never varies as the reserve is depleted from fully wound through to exhaustion, maintaining amplitude and ensuring precision throughout the cycle.
To facilitate this feat of micro-engineering required a completely new calibre and, once again, the brothers went to town – literally. Grönefeld dispensed with any formal three-quarter plate to afford a captivating multidimensional visual experience, visible via the exhibition caseback. The new G-05 hand-wound calibre is quite simply, spectacular.
The movement's bridges, a Grönefeld signature, reference the bell gables commonly found in Dutch architecture. Typical of Bart and Tim, the bridges, and indeed every small component, have been hand crafted. Every machined part has been finished to an astonishing high level, the result of devotion and steady concentration. The outcome is a piece of metal art in precise motion.
There are so many different decorative techniques on display. Immaculately polished curvaceous bridges, sweeping angles and screw heads are delightfully presented. Flawless brushed, blasted and circular grained surfaces sit adjacent rubies nestling in gold chatons, proving a treat for the eyes. However, it is the way the entire golden linkage shifts in orchestrated increments as the remontoire mechanism exhales which proffers the most delight. It is released by its own unusual three-branched escapement, resetting at the end of its eight-second cycle before starting out once more in a never-ending movement which, when viewed via the exhibition caseback, steals the show.
The Gronefeld 1941 Remontoire is such an accomplished watch in every respect, both in its execution and its molecular attention to detail. It is simply awe-inspiring. However, its creation has huge personal significance to Bart and Tim as it provides a direct connection to their origins while proving a beautiful tribute to their father.
The people of Oldenzaal can be proud of the two genial fellows they know as 'The Horlogical Brothers'. Furthermore, their father, Sjef, must have felt very emotional seeing his sons' latest timepiece cementing the Grönefeld family name very firmly in the annals of watchmaking history.
In 2004, a successful businessman spotted a wristwatch whilst passing through an airport. Usually, that would be the end of the story, but for Johnny McElherron it was a moment of enlightenment. Indeed, this horological encounter would prove to be a profound and a life-changing experience.That watch, a TAG Heuer Monza Chronograph, might not have been the world's most expensive timepiece but it piqued his interest and a new passion ensued.In the decade that followed, Johnny threw himself headlong into a new love affair with horology, writing editorial and creating his own blog The Watch Press.Johnny likes to focus his journalistic efforts writing about complications and, in particular, those timepieces painstakingly crafted by the hands of Independent watchmakers. He has written in excess of 1,000 articles on various aspects of horology. Moreover, he has worked with a number of watch companies, creating content for press releases and media communications.Over the coming months, we intend to feature more articles written by Johnny, a gentleman with a palpable enthusiasm for haute horlogerie who exhibits his own individual and entertaining style.


There is a ray of hope for chess after hundreds of players took part in an inaugural Kiambu Chess tournament at the weekend which shattered a long-standing record for number of participants in recent times.
Organizers of Kiambu Open managed to bring together more than 346 registered participants for the two-day event. This was much more than the attendance for local chess tournaments which averaged 60-100 participants. Well attended tournaments had 200.
In Kiambu, there were three categories namely Kiambu Open Challengers, FIDE-rated Open and Juniors.
The six round Swiss System tournament was played with rapid time control of ninety minutes per player to finish a game. The tournament was organized by the Nairobi Chess Academy and sponsored by Kiambu County Government.
Purity Gachigi, a decorated international chess player observed: "Long time ago before I started playing chess in the early 90's, there were huge tournaments in big hotels like The Stanley and 680 that had up to 500 participants. These numbers have taken a downhill with time.
Ugandan Ivy Amoko won the FIDE-rated category for women with five points pocketing cash prize of Sh.30,000 while Purity Maina finished second on 4.5 points and went home with Sh.20,000. Rose Wabuti wrapped up the podium finish with 4.5 points and was awarded Sh.5,000.
In the FIDE-rated open category, Joseph Muragu Methu was the winner taking home Sh. 20,000 beating Ben Magana and Peter Gilruth to second and third places respectively in tiebreak. They all tied at 5.5 points.
Kenneth Kimani Mukii was crowned the winner in Challengers' Category open section with a Sh.30,000 cash prize while Maryanne Gachema won the women's section with a cash prize of Sh.30,000.
Meanwhile, Nakumatt Stores have partnered with Chess Kenya to organize chess clinics across 25 of their major branches in the country. The partnership will start with a pilot clinic at their Nakumatt Mega branch in Nairobi on April 11. They are targeting to register over 200 juniors for the day-long event.
"These clinics will be open to juniors between the ages of 6 to 10 under the banner "Grooming Young Minds". Depending on the outcome of this pilot clinic, Nakumatt will roll out the same across 25 of the major branches across Kenya," reads a statement from Chess Kenya (CK).
The federation will provide boards and volunteer trainers while Nakumatt will provide space and marketing material. These clinics are scheduled to be held once every weekend across all their 25 major branches with an average of 200 kids enrolling. The partnership has been championed by CK CEO Satish Deshpande.
At the same time, CK has announced criteria for selecting Kenya's representatives at the Africa Zonal 4.2 Championship. Rankings as per NCA Open Tournament held at Makini School last month, citizenship, FIDE rating and ability to self-sponsor will all be considered.
Kenya's slots have been increased to 5 for open and 5 for ladies categories. All players have been given a one week deadline to show willingness of participation.


text:
My friend, the enemy
User Advisory
Link to Finding Aid or Collection Guide
http://oskicat.berkeley.edu/record=b23633573~S1
My Friend, My Enemy. United Steel Associates, Fontana Steel Plant, California, [1965]. Dramatization of how automation affects steel workers. From the Henry J. Kaiser papers.
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1 Reel
Color or Black and White
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Country of Creation
Source Institution
Bancroft Library
Motion Picture 650E
Link to Internet Archive
http://archive.org/details/cubanc_000184
Additional Technical Notes for item
1200 ft.
IIIF Presentation API 3.0 Manifest
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text:
Searching genomic data faster
Biologists' capacity for generating genomic data is increasing more rapidly than computing power. A new algorithm will help them keep up.
Larry Hardesty, MIT News Office
Caroline McCall
Email: newsoffice@mit.edu
Graphic: Christine Daniloff
In 2001, the Human Genome Project and Celera Genomics announced that after 10 years of work at a cost of some $400 million, they had completed a draft sequence of the human genome. Today, sequencing a human genome is something that a single researcher can do in a couple of weeks for less than $10,000.
Since 2002, the rate at which genomes can be sequenced has been doubling every four months or so, whereas computing power doubles only every 18 months. Without the advent of new analytic tools, biologists' ability to generate genomic data will soon outstrip their ability to do anything useful with it.
In the latest issue of Nature Biotechnology, MIT and Harvard University researchers describe a new algorithm that drastically reduces the time it takes to find a particular gene sequence in a database of genomes. Moreover, the more genomes it's searching, the greater the speedup it affords, so its advantages will only compound as more data is generated.
In some sense, this is a data-compression algorithm — like the one that allows computer users to compress data files into smaller zip files. "You have all this data, and clearly, if you want to store it, what people would naturally do is compress it," says Bonnie Berger, a professor of applied math and computer science at MIT and senior author on the paper. "The problem is that eventually you have to look at it, so you have to decompress it to look at it. But our insight is that if you compress the data in the right way, then you can do your analysis directly on the compressed data. And that increases the speed while maintaining the accuracy of the analyses."
Exploiting redundancy
The researchers' compression scheme exploits the fact that evolution is stingy with good designs. There's a great deal of overlap in the genomes of closely related species, and some overlap even in the genomes of distantly related species: That's why experiments performed on yeast cells can tell us something about human drug reactions.
Berger; her former graduate student Michael Baym PhD '09, who's now a research affiliate in the MIT math department and a postdoc in systems biology at Harvard Medical School; and her current grad student Po-Ru Loh developed a way to mathematically represent the genomes of different species — or of different individuals within a species — such that the overlapping data is stored only once. A search of multiple genomes can thus concentrate on their differences, saving time.
"If I want to run a computation on my genome, it takes a certain amount of time," Baym explains. "If I then want to run the same computation on your genome, the fact that we're so similar means that I've already done most of the work."
In experiments on a database of 36 yeast genomes, the researchers compared their algorithm to one called BLAST, for Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, one of the most commonly used genomic-search algorithms in biology. In a search for a particular genetic sequence in only 10 of the yeast genomes, the new algorithm was twice as fast as BLAST; but in a search of all 36 genomes, it was four times as fast. That discrepancy will only increase as genomic databases grow larger, Berger explains.
The new algorithm would be useful in any application where the central question is, as Baym puts it: "I have a sequence; what is it similar to?" Identifying microbes is one example. The new algorithm could help clinicians determine causes of infections, or it could help biologists characterize "microbiomes," collections of microbes found in animal tissue or particular microenvironments; variations in the human microbiome have been implicated in a range of medical conditions. It could be used to characterize the microbes in particularly fertile or infertile soil, and it could even be used in forensics, to determine the geographical origins of physical evidence by its microbial signatures.
"The problem that they're looking at — which is, given a sequence, trying to determine what known sequences are similar to it — is probably the oldest problem in computational biology, and it's perhaps the most commonly asked question in computational biology," says Mona Singh, a professor of computer science at Princeton University and a faculty member at Princeton's Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics. "And the problem, just for that reason, is of central importance."
In the last 10 years, Singh says, biologists have tended to think in terms of "reference genomes" — genomes, such as the draft human sequence released in 2001, that try to generalize across individuals within a species and even across species. "But as we're getting more and more individuals even within a species, and more very closely related sequenced distinct species, I think we're starting to move away from the idea of a single reference genome," Singh says. "Their approach is really going to shine when you have many closely related organisms."
Berger's group is currently working to extend the technique to information on proteins and RNA sequences, where it could pay even bigger dividends. Now that the human genome has been mapped, the major questions in biology are what genes are active when, and how the proteins they code for interact. Searches of large databases of biological information are crucial to answering both questions.
Paper: "Compressive genomics"
Bonnie Berger
Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
ARCHIVE: "Understanding proteins"


For some students the column method for long multiplication is enough for them to master. This equips them with a skill to use and apply in ever increasing magnitude even up to multiplying by eleventy billion.
For some students who struggle you, as the teacher, may need to pull another tool out of your toolbox and show them a different method such as the lattice method (Napiers Bones) or the noughty method (grid method). And then they get it and off they go off willy nilly, merrily multiplying with their preferred method.
Both methods thus far rely on times tables knowledge and that for some is a massive problem. As time goes on and the student gets older this becomes a big barrier and also can demoralise and demotivate. Those with SEN/ memory issues will always struggle with it where there is a reliance on times tables factual knowledge.
Vedic multiplication is one method that does not rely on prior times table knowledge – it simply relies on counting intersections.
If you know Napiers Bones then you can see how this Vedic method works. Bottom right is the multiplication of the units, middle section is the tens and top left is the hundreds.
It will work with bigger numbers and it will work with decimals. The only barrier is the ability to count.
Taking this one step further we can use shapes – virtually any shape.
Teacher training should equip every teacher with the right tools and not necessarily the ones they thought they needed. There is a caveat to this – it is not for the teacher to decide whether they like the method or not. Just because you think it's clunky, requires space, has limits does not invalidate it. Different methods are right for different children. And here we can celebrate diversity and difference.
So it's not perhaps a simple method for multiplying eleventy billion by twelvety two but it allows students to explore and be curious; be creative yet challenged and gives them a method to do something that they couldn't have hoped to have done otherwise. Instead of "I'm not doing that!" they may say "how does that work?" and then I've won.
the tea towel of multiplication from @tessmaths…yes, it actually works as a tea towel too!
There are many forms of Vedic maths and it is an area of particular interest to me – this method is but one presented from the sutras translated from Sanskrit texts.
‹ These cups should have a place in any classroom! Making the ordinary extraordinary!


text:
package edu.hm.hafner.util;

import java.util.Formatter;

import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.annotations.SuppressFBWarnings;

/**
 * Thrown by various accessor methods to indicate that the element being requested does not exist. Enhances the
 * exception {@link java.util.NoSuchElementException} by providing a constructor with format string.
 *
 * @author Ullrich Hafner
 */
@SuppressFBWarnings("NM")
public class NoSuchElementException extends java.util.NoSuchElementException {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -355717274596010159L;

    /**
     * Constructs a {@code NoSuchElementException}, saving a reference to the error message for later retrieval by the
     * {@link #getMessage()} method.
     *
     * @param format
     *         A format string as described in Format string syntax
     * @param args
     *         Arguments referenced by the format specifiers in the format string.  If there are more arguments than
     *         format specifiers, the extra arguments are ignored.  The number of arguments is variable and may be zero.
     *         The maximum number of arguments is limited by the maximum dimension of a Java array as defined by
     *         The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification. The behaviour on a {@code null} argument
     *         depends on the conversion.
     *
     * @see Formatter
     */
    public NoSuchElementException(final String format, final Object... args) {
        super(String.format(format, args));
    }
}


As stated in the country's economic plan "Ghana Vision 2020", Ghana plans to become a developed nation by the year 2020. After that it aims to achieve newly industrialised status by 2030. Key to these goals is Ghana improving its ICT infrastructure and penetration rate.


Orange Plant understand that asset management can be difficult so we are here to support our customers with every purchase. We will arrange contact with the only designated arboricultural finance company in the UK.
Arblease are authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). This dedicated brokerage service has over 50 years combined experience in commercial asset finance. They understand our machinery and the requirements of the modern day council, tree surgeon, farmer or land owner.
Arblease will also help you understand the world of asset finance and guide you through the many options available to you. You can purchase any of our new or used machines with a plan that suits your needs, situation and budget.
There are many benefits to making your next purchase through finance.
Call 0191 236 7795 to discuss your requirements and find out for yourself just how affordable your next purchase can be!
*Finance is for business purposes only in the UK excluding Northern Ireland.


Great opportunity to purchase a freehold local in a desireable area within Corralejo. Spread out over 2 levels and offering over 180m2, this is a huge local and something which holds excellent value for its position.
Huge commercial local unit in a sought after area in Corralejo. This commercial unit is completely freehold where the owner owns 100% of the building. The building is a great investment to either start up your own business or would achieve a great rental return if decided to rent out after purchase.
Very low community fees of only 30€ per month.


The utility model discloses a traction air feeding sprayer, which comprises a traction frame, a supporting frame, a wind tube and a walking wheel. The air inlet of the wind duct is provided with a spray head. The utility model is characterized in that the wind drum barrel body is provided with an air duct transmission box, and the output shaft of the wind drum transmission box is connected with an impeller. The shaft extends to the lower part of the wind drum; the side wall of the wind drum is provided with a winch, one end of the winch extends out of the wind drum is sleeved on a support frame, and the axis of the winch is lower than the axis of the wind drum. The utility model greatly reduces the exposed transmission components. By means of mechanical power driven with high horsepower, the air volume is greatly increased, the distance of fog feeding is long, and the distance of fog feeding can easily reach more than 100 meters. The wind drum is articulated supported by the support frame with the wind drum locking device, which can achieve the goal of stability, small vibration and firm structure, and solve the problem of internal factors. The transmission box has the problem of unstable wind tube, large vibration and weak structural strength.