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Justia Regulation Tracker Department Of Commerce National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Snapper-Grouper Fishery off the Southern Atlantic States; Amendment 14, 40824-40829 [E8-16252]
Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Snapper-Grouper Fishery off the Southern Atlantic States; Amendment 14, 40824-40829 [E8-16252]
Download as PDF 40824 Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 137 / Wednesday, July 16, 2008 / Proposed Rules approves a state rule implementing a Federal standard. In reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the Clean Air Act. In this context, in the absence of a prior existing requirement for the State to use voluntary consensus standards (VCS), EPA has no authority to disapprove a SIP submission for failure to use VCS. It would thus be inconsistent with applicable law for EPA, when it reviews a SIP submission, to use VCS in place of a SIP submission that otherwise satisfies the provisions of the Clean Air Act. Redesignation is an action that affects the status of a geographical area and does not impose any new requirements on sources. Thus, the requirements of section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) do not apply. As required by section 3 of Executive Order 12988 (61 FR 4729, February 7, 1996), in issuing this proposed rule, EPA has taken the necessary steps to eliminate drafting errors and ambiguity, minimize potential litigation, and provide a clear legal standard for affected conduct. EPA has complied with Executive Order 12630 (53 FR 8859, March 15, 1988) by examining the takings implications of the rule in accordance with the ''Attorney General's Supplemental Guidelines for the Evaluation of Risk and Avoidance of Unanticipated Takings'' issued under the executive order. This rule proposing to approve the redesignation of the Tioga Area to attainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS, the associated maintenance plan, the 2002 base year inventory, and the MVEBs identified in the maintenance plan, does not impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). This rule, proposing to approve the redesignation of the Greene County Area to attainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS, the associated maintenance plan, the 2002 base-year inventory, and the MVEBs identified in the maintenance plan, does not impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). List of Subjects jlentini on PROD1PC65 with PROPOSALS 40 CFR Part 52 Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by reference, Nitrogen oxides, Ozone, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Volatile organic compounds. VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:14 Jul 15, 2008 Jkt 214001 40 CFR Part 81 Air pollution control, National parks, Wilderness areas. Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. Dated: July 3, 2008. Donald S. Welsh, Regional Administrator, Region III. [FR Doc. E8–16278 Filed 7–15–08; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560–50–P DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 50 CFR Part 622 [Docket No. 0612242911–7380–01] RIN 0648–AU28 Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; SnapperGrouper Fishery off the Southern Atlantic States; Amendment 14 National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Proposed rule; request for comments. AGENCY: SUMMARY: NMFS issues this proposed rule to implement the applicable provisions of Amendment 14 to the Fishery Management Plan for the Snapper-Grouper Fishery of the South Atlantic Region (FMP), as prepared and submitted by the South Atlantic Fishery Management Council (Council). Amendment 14 proposes, and this rule would implement, establishment of eight marine protected areas (MPAs) in which fishing for or possession of South Atlantic snapper-grouper would be prohibited. The prohibition on possession would not apply to a person aboard a vessel that was in transit with fishing gear appropriately stowed. Amendment 14 also proposes to prohibit the use of shark bottom longlines within the MPAs, however, NMFS is proposing to implement the prohibition of shark bottom longlines through separate rulemaking. The intended effects of this proposed rule are to protect a portion of the population and habitat of long-lived, slow growing, deepwater snappergrouper from fishing pressure to achieve a more natural sex ratio, age, and size structure within the proposed MPAs, while minimizing adverse social and economic effects. DATES: Written comments on this proposed rule must be received no later PO 00000 Frm 00058 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 than 5 p.m., eastern time, on August 15, 2008. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by ''0648–AU28'', by any of the following methods: • Electronic Submissions: Submit all electronic public comments via the Federal e-Rulemaking Portal https:// www.regulations.gov. • Fax: 727–824–5308; Attention: Kate Michie. • Mail: Kate Michie, Southeast Regional Office, NMFS, 263 13th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701. Instructions: All comments received are a part of the public record and will generally be posted to https:// www.regulations.gov without change. All Personal Identifying Information (for example, name, address, etc.) voluntarily submitted by the commenter may be publicly accessible. Do not submit Confidential Business Information or otherwise sensitive or protected information. NMFS will accept anonymous comments. Attachments to electronic comments will be accepted in Microsoft Word, Excel, WordPerfect, or Adobe PDF file formats only. Copies of Amendment 14 may be obtained from the South Atlantic Fishery Management Council, 4055 Faber Place, Suite 201, North Charleston, SC 29405; phone: 843–571– 4366 or 866–SAFMC–10 (toll free); fax: 843–769–4520; e-mail: safmc@safmc.net. Amendment 14 includes a Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS), a Biological Assessment, an Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA), a Regulatory Impact Review, and a Social Impact Assessment/Fishery Impact Statement. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kate Michie, telephone: 727–824–5305, fax: 727–824–5308, e-mail: Kate.Michie@noaa.gov. The snapper-grouper fishery off the southern Atlantic states is managed under the FMP. The FMP was prepared by the Council and is implemented under the authority of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (Magnuson-Stevens Act) by regulations at 50 CFR part 622. NMFS issues this proposed rule to implement the applicable provisions of Amendment 14 to the FMP. The Atlantic shark fishery is managed under the Consolidated Highly Migratory Species Fishery Management Plan (HMS FMP). The HMS FMP is implemented under the authority of the MagnusonStevens Act by regulations at 50 CFR part 635. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: E:\FR\FM\16JYP1.SGM 16JYP1 Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 137 / Wednesday, July 16, 2008 / Proposed Rules Background Many snapper-grouper species are vulnerable to overfishing because they are long-lived (e.g., snowy grouper, golden tilefish, red snapper, gag, scamp, red grouper, and red porgy); they are protogynous, i.e., they may change sex from females to males as they grow older/larger (e.g., snowy grouper, speckled hind, Warsaw grouper, yellowedge grouper, gag, scamp, red porgy, and black sea bass); they form spawning aggregations (e.g., snowy grouper, gag, scamp, and red snapper); and they suffer high release mortality when taken from deep water. Deepwater snapper-grouper species (speckled hind, snowy grouper, Warsaw grouper, yellowedge grouper, misty grouper, golden tilefish, and blueline tilefish) are most vulnerable to overfishing because they live longer than 50 years, do not survive the trauma of capture, and are protogynous (groupers) or exhibit sexual dimorphism, i.e., males and females grow at different rates (tilefishes). Stock assessments indicate that black sea bass, red porgy, and snowy grouper are overfished, i.e., spawning stock biomass is not sufficient to reproduce and support continued productivity. In addition, black sea bass, golden tilefish, snowy grouper, and vermilion snapper are experiencing overfishing, i.e., the current rate of fishing mortality jeopardizes the capacity of the fishery to produce its maximum sustainable yield on a continuing basis. Reductions in catch and protection of habitat are needed. jlentini on PROD1PC65 with PROPOSALS Proposed Measures This rule would establish eight MPAs in which a portion of the population and habitat of long-lived, slow growing, deepwater snapper-grouper species would be protected from directed fishing pressure. Fishing for or possession of South Atlantic snappergrouper would be prohibited in the MPAs. However, the prohibition on possession would not apply to a person aboard a vessel that was in transit with fishing gear appropriately stowed, as specified in § 622.35(i)(2) of this proposed rule. MPAs are considered to be the most effective fishery management tool that would allow deepwater snapper-grouper to reach a more natural sex ratio, age, and size structure, protect spawning locations, and provide a refuge for early developmental stages of fish species. Using a collaborative process, the Council selected specific sites for MPAs on the basis of maximizing the biological benefits and enhancing enforceability and monitoring while VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:14 Jul 15, 2008 Jkt 214001 minimizing the adverse social and economic effects. Sizes of the MPAs would range from approximately 5 by 10 nautical miles (nm) to approximately 22 by 23 nm. One would be off North Carolina, three off South Carolina, one off Georgia, and three off the east coast of Florida. An artificial reef may be established at one of the South Carolina sites. The two most southern MPAs would be approximately 9 and 13 nm offshore, respectively, and the others at least 38 nm offshore. The eight proposed MPAs and their relative locations are shown in Figure 1. The prohibition of use of shark bottom longlines in the MPAs is considered necessary for habitat protection and to prevent the mortality of incidentally caught snapper-grouper. The Council voted to include this prohibition in Amendment 14 because of concerns regarding the enforcement of fishing activities by vessels that hold permits in both the snapper-grouper and shark bottom longline fisheries, both of which deploy similar gear. However, because the Atlantic shark fishery is managed under the HMS FMP, NMFS requested the HMS Division promulgate the prohibition of use of shark bottom longlines within the proposed MPAs. The HMS Division published a final rule on June 24, 2008 (72 FR 35778), prohibiting shark bottom longlining in the proposed MPAs through Amendment 2 to the consolidated HMS FMP. Availability of Amendment 14 Additional background and rationale for the measures discussed above are contained in Amendment 14. The availability of Amendment 14 was announced in the Federal Register on June 6, 2008, (73 FR 32281). Written comments on Amendment 14 will be accepted through August 5, 2008. All comments received on Amendment 14 or on this proposed rule during their respective comment periods will be addressed in the preamble to the final rule. Classification Pursuant to section 304(b)(1)(A) of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, the NMFS Assistant Administrator has determined that this proposed rule is consistent with Amendment 14, the MagnusonStevens Act, and other applicable law, subject to further consideration after public comment. This proposed rule has been determined to be not significant for purposes of Executive Order 12866. The Council prepared an FEIS for Amendment 14; a notice of availability PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 40825 was published on June 13, 2008 (73 FR 33813). NMFS prepared an IRFA, as required by section 603 of the Regulatory Flexibility Act, for this proposed rule. The IRFA describes the economic impact this proposed rule, if adopted, would have on small entities. A description of the action, why it is being considered, and the objectives of, and legal basis for this action are contained at the beginning of this section in the preamble and in the SUMMARY section of the preamble. A copy of the full analysis is available from the Council (see ADDRESSES). A summary of the IRFA follows. This proposed rule would establish eight MPAs in the Federal waters of the South Atlantic and prohibit fishing for or possession of South Atlantic snappergrouper within any of the MPAs. The purpose of this proposed rule is to assist in the recovery of overfished stocks and persistence of healthy fish stocks, fisheries, and habitats. The MagnusonStevens Act provides the statutory basis for the proposed rule. No duplicative, overlapping, or conflicting Federal rules have been identified. Two general classes of small business entities would be directly affected by the proposed rule, commercial fishing vessels and for-hire fishing vessels. The Small Business Administration defines a small entity in the commercial fishing sector as a firm that is independently owned and operated, is not dominant in its field of operation, and has average annual gross receipts not in excess of $4 million (2002 NAICS 11411). For a forhire business, the appropriate revenue benchmark is $6.5 million (2002 NAICS 487210). Average net incomes estimated from boats operating in the South Atlantic snapper-grouper fishery were sampled in a 1994 study that separated the fishery into northern and southern zones. The northern zone includes the area north of 28° N. latitude to the North Carolina/Virginia border. The southern zone includes the area south of 25° N. latitude to the border between the South Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Councils. The estimated average net incomes, in 1994 (and 2006) dollars, were $83,224 ($113,212) for boats that primarily used bottom longlines in the northern zone, $23,075 ($31,389) for boats that primarily used black sea bass pots in the northern zone, $15,563 ($21,171) for boats that primarily used bottom longlines in the southern zone, $11,649 ($15,842) for boats that primarily used vertical lines in the southern zone, and $8,307 ($11,300) for boats that primarily used E:\FR\FM\16JYP1.SGM 16JYP1 jlentini on PROD1PC65 with PROPOSALS 40826 Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 137 / Wednesday, July 16, 2008 / Proposed Rules vertical lines in the northern zone. Overall, boats in the northern zone averaged $14,143 ($19,239) in net income based on average revenues of $48,702 ($66,250), while boats in the southern zone averaged $12,388 ($16,852) net income based on average revenues of $39,745 ($54,066). More recent data from the Southeast logbook program show the average annual exvessel revenue from landings of snapper-grouper species per vessel from 1999 to 2003 to range from $14,408 to $16,376 (2006 dollars). Although some fleet activity may exist in this fishery, the extent of such has not been determined. Thus, all vessels are assumed to be unique business entities. Given historic income data and the gross revenue profile captured by the Southeast logbook program, it is determined that all vessels that would be affected by the proposed rule are small entities. Charterboats are defined as boats for hire carrying six or fewer passengers that charge a fee to rent the entire boat. Headboats tend to be larger, generally can carry a maximum of around 60 passengers, and the fee is paid on an individual angler basis. This analysis, which estimates the range of the average gross revenues in 2006 dollars for this sector, is as follows: $61,714 to $83,820 for charterboats on the Atlantic coast of Florida; $72,768 to $88,778 for charterboats in North Carolina, $31,830 to $38,833 for charterboats in South Carolina; $68,629 to $83,486 for charterboats in Georgia; $170,276 to $362,482 for headboats in Florida; and $148,840 to $317,030 for headboats in the other South Atlantic states. Similar to the situation with the commercial harvest sector, some fleet activity may exist within the for-hire sector. The magnitude and identity of such is unknown, however, and all vessels are assumed to represent unique business entities. Given the gross revenue profiles provided, vessels in the for-hire recreational sector are determined to be small business entities. There were 1,066 commercial snapper-grouper permitted vessels in the South Atlantic during 2004. A number of these permitted vessels were not active in the snapper-grouper fishery. It is not possible to estimate the total number of true latent permits (i.e., those permits which are not expected to be fished in any given year and may exist only for speculative purposes) since permits with no associated landings could become active in a subsequent year. The number of permitted vessels, however, is an upper bound on the universe of vessels in this fishery. The assumed lower bound of VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:14 Jul 15, 2008 Jkt 214001 the universe of vessels is the number of active vessels in the latest year for which data are available. This lower bound estimate is 906 vessels, which is the number of vessels/permits with recorded landings of snapper-grouper species in the South Atlantic in 2003. The upper bound is the 1,066 commercial snapper-grouper permitted vessels in the South Atlantic during 2004. Thus, the range of vessels assumed to potentially operate in the commercial snapper-grouper fishery is 906 to 1,066. Currently, there is insufficient information to determine the number of commercial fishing vessels that fish for or possess any snapper-grouper species in the proposed MPAs. In the for-hire sector, 1,594 snappergrouper for-hire permits were issued to vessels in the South Atlantic states in 2004. The for-hire fishery operates as an open access fishery, and not all of the permitted snapper-grouper for-hire vessels are necessarily active in this fishery. Some vessel owners have been known to purchase open access permits as insurance for uncertainties in the fisheries in which they currently operate. Currently, there is insufficient information to assess the number of forhire vessels that fish for or possess any snapper-grouper species in the proposed MPAs. There is insufficient information to assess the numbers or percentages of commercial and for-hire vessels that fish for or possess snapper-grouper species in the proposed MPAs and would be directly affected by the proposed rule. Consequently, it cannot be determined if the proposed rule would affect a substantial number of small entities. A direct cost of the proposed rule would be the lost revenues and profits derived from fishing for or possessing snappergrouper species in those areas. It is expected that any vessel that historically fished in these areas would mitigate some of these losses by relocating to other areas. There is insufficient information to quantify any potential losses of revenues and profits from the creation of the MPAs. However, the relatively small sizes of the MPAs suggest there would not be significant adverse economic impact. Three alternatives, including the status quo, were considered for the first of the eight actions. Both the proposed action (Alternative 1) and Alternative 2 would establish an MPA at the area of the Snowy (Grouper) Wreck off the coast of North Carolina. The proposed MPA is 55 nm southeast of Southport, North Carolina, and Alternative 2 is located approximately 57 nm southeast of Southport. Each MPA is about 15 by 10 PO 00000 Frm 00060 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 nm. Fishermen from Little River, Carolina Beach, and Southport ports would most likely be affected by either alternative. The proposed MPA and the MPA specified by Alternative 2 include an area ranging from 150 meters (m) to 300 m deep. The proposed MPA includes a shallow area ranging from 60 to 100 m, while the MPA specified by Alternative 2 includes a deeper area exceeding 300 m in depth. Alternative 2 could result in the displacement of fewer fishermen than the proposed action, but would not be expected to protect as many mid-shelf species as the proposed action. The status quo alternative (Alternative 3) would not create an MPA in the Snowy (Grouper) Wreck area off the coast of North Carolina, would not increase the protection of mid-shelf and deepwater snapper-grouper species, and would not, therefore, meet the Council's objective. Four alternatives, including the status quo, were considered for the second action. The proposed action (Alternative 2) and two of the other alternatives (Alternatives 1 and 3) would establish an MPA off the northern South Carolina coast. The proposed MPA is located approximately 54 nm from Murrells Inlet, while Alternative 1 is located approximately 61 nm from Murrells Inlet, and the MPA specified by Alternative 3 is about 65 nm from Murrells Inlet. The proposed MPA and the MPAs specified by Alternatives 1 and 3 are 10 by 5 nm in size. Both the proposed MPA and the MPA specified by Alternative 1 run east to west, while the MPA specified by Alternative 3 runs parallel to shore. Waters in the proposed MPA area range from 50 to 180 m deep. The MPAs specified by Alternatives 1 and 3 share an area ranging in depth from 70 to 140 m, but the MPA specified by Alternative 1 includes more shallow waters, while the MPA specified by Alternative 3 includes a greater area of deep water. The proposed MPA is expected to protect more deepwater and mid-shelf snapper-grouper species than the MPAs specified by Alternatives 1 and 3. The status quo alternative (Alternative 4) would not create an MPA off the coast of northern South Carolina, would not increase the protection of mid-shelf and deepwater snappergrouper species, and would not, therefore, meet the Council's objective. Three alternatives, including the status quo, were considered for the third action. Both the proposed action (Alternative 1) and Alternative 2 would establish an MPA off the coast of central South Carolina. The proposed MPA is oriented perpendicular to the coast and is located about 45 nm southeast of E:\FR\FM\16JYP1.SGM 16JYP1 40827 jlentini on PROD1PC65 with PROPOSALS Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 137 / Wednesday, July 16, 2008 / Proposed Rules Charleston Harbor. The MPA specified by Alternative 2 is oriented parallel to the shoreline and is located approximately 50 nm southeast of Charleston Harbor. Both MPAs are 10 by 5 nm in size. The proposed MPA is expected to protect more mid-shelf and rare deepwater snapper-grouper species than Alternative 2. The status quo alternative (Alternative 3) would not create an MPA off the coast of central South Carolina, would not increase the protection of mid-shelf and deepwater snapper-grouper species, and would not, therefore, meet the Council's objective. Three alternatives, including the status quo, were considered for the fourth action. Both the proposed action (Alternative 1) and Alternative 2 would establish an MPA off the coast of Georgia. The proposed MPA is located approximately 69 nm southeast of the mouth of Wassaw Sound, while the MPA specified by Alternative 2 is located about 65 nm southeast of the mouth of Wassaw Sound. Both the proposed MPA and the MPA specified by Alternative 2 are 10 by 10 nm in size, and both share a common area with waters 90 to 210 m deep. However, the proposed MPA also includes waters ranging from 90 to 300 m deep and runs parallel to the shore, while the MPA specified by Alternative 2 includes an area with a wider depth range, from 65 to 380 m and does not run parallel to the coast. The proposed MPA is expected to be easier for industry to maneuver around and may result in greater protection of the mid-shelf habitat that serves as a nursery for deepwater species, notably tilefish, than the MPA specified by Alternative 2. The status quo alternative (Alternative 3) would not create an MPA off the coast of Georgia, would not increase the protection of tilefish, snowy grouper, and mid-shelf snapper-grouper species, and would not, therefore, meet the Council's objective. Seven alternatives, including the status quo, were considered for the fifth action. The proposed action (Alternative 4) and five of the other alternatives would establish an MPA off the coast of north Florida. The proposed MPA is approximately 60 nm off the mouth of St. John's River near Jacksonville. The MPA specified by Alternative 1 is approximately 57 nm off the mouth of the St. John's River; the MPA specified by Alternative 2 is about 47 nm east of St. Augustine; the MPA specified by Alternative 3 is approximately 43 nm off New Smyrna Beach; the MPA specified by Alternative 5 is about 55 nm east of St. Augustine; and the MPA specified by Alternative 6 is approximately 45 nm off VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:14 Jul 15, 2008 Jkt 214001 New Smyrna Beach. The proposed MPA and the MPAs specified by Alternatives 1, 2, and 5 are 10 by 10 nm in size, while the MPAs specified by Alternatives 3 and 6 are 22 by 23 nm in size. The proposed MPA shares an area with the MPA specified by Alternative 1 that ranges from 60 to 200 m in depth. The proposed MPA also includes deeper waters, ranging from 200 to 380 m in depth, while the MPA specified by Alternative 1 includes an area of shallower water, ranging from 50 to 80 m in depth. The MPAs specified by Alternatives 2 and 5 share an area with depths ranging from 90 to 150 m. The MPA specified by Alternative 5 also includes a deeper area that ranges from 150 to 390 m, while the MPA specified by Alternative 2 includes a shallower area of 55 to 80 m. Most of the area included by the MPAs specified by Alternatives 3 and 6 overlap in an area ranging from 200 to 690 m deep. The MPA specified by Alternative 3 also includes a deeper area that exceeds 700 m, while the MPA specified by Alternative 6 includes a shallower area of 80 to 150 m. Although the MPAs specified by Alternatives 1 and 2 would protect more mid-shelf snapper-grouper species than the proposed MPA, while the MPAs specified by Alternatives 3, 5 and 6 would protect more deepwater species, these alternatives would also be expected to result in greater adverse economic impacts than the proposed MPA. The status quo alternative (Alternative 7), would not create an MPA off the coast of north Florida, would not increase the protection of mid-shelf and deepwater snappergrouper species, and would not, therefore, meet the Council's objective. Two alternatives, including the status quo, were considered for the sixth action. The proposed action would establish an MPA in the area known as Sea Bass Rocks off the coast of Florida. The status quo alternative would not create an MPA in this area, would not increase the protection of deepwater snapper-grouper species in this area, and would not, therefore, meet the Council's objective. Two alternatives, including the status quo, were considered for the seventh action. The proposed action would establish an MPA in the vicinity of the area known as East Hump and Unnamed Hump off the coast of the Florida Keys. The status quo alternative, would not create an MPA in this area, would not increase the protection of deepwater snapper-grouper and protected species in this area, and would not, therefore, meet the Council's objectives. Two alternatives, including the status quo, were considered for the eighth PO 00000 Frm 00061 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 action. The proposed action would establish an artificial reef MPA off the coast of South Carolina. The status quo alternative would not create this MPA, would not increase the opportunity to improve snapper-grouper populations in this area, and would not, therefore, meet the Council's objective. List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 622 Fisheries, Fishing, Puerto Rico, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Virgin Islands. Dated: July 10, 2008. Samuel D. Rauch III, Deputy Assistant Administrator For Regulatory Programs, National Marine Fisheries Service. For the reasons set out in the preamble, 50 CFR part 622 is proposed to be amended as follows: PART 622—FISHERIES OF THE CARIBBEAN, GULF, AND SOUTH ATLANTIC 1. The authority citation for part 622 continues to read as follows: Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq. 2. In § 622.2, the definition of ''MPA'' is added in alphabetical order to read as follows: § 622.2 Definitions and acronyms. * * * * * MPA means marine protected area. * * * * * 3. In § 622.35, paragraph (i) is added to read as follows: § 622.35 Atlantic EEZ seasonal and/or area closures. * * * * * (i) MPAs. (1) No person may fish for a South Atlantic snapper-grouper in an MPA, and no person may possess a South Atlantic snapper-grouper in an MPA. However, the prohibition on possession does not apply to a person aboard a vessel that is in transit with fishing gear appropriately stowed as specified in paragraph (i)(2) of this section. In addition to these restrictions, see § 635.21(d)(1)(iii) of this chapter regarding restrictions applicable within these MPAs for any vessel issued a permit under part 635 of this chapter that has longline gear on board. MPAs consist of deepwater areas as follows: (i) Snowy Grouper Wreck MPA is bounded by rhumb lines connecting, in order, the following points: Point A B C D A E:\FR\FM\16JYP1.SGM North lat. 33°25′ 33°34.75′ 33°25.5′ 33°15.75′ 33°25′ 16JYP1 West long. 77°04.75′ 76°51.3′ 76°46.5′ 77°00.0′ 77°04.75′ 40828 Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 137 / Wednesday, July 16, 2008 / Proposed Rules (ii) Northern South Carolina MPA is bounded on the north by 32°53.5′ N. lat.; on the south by 32°48.5′ N. lat.; on the east by 78°04.75′ W. long.; and on the west by 78°16.75′ W. long. (iii) Edisto MPA is bounded on the north by 32°24′ N. lat.; on the south by 32°18.5′ N. lat.; on the east by 78°54.0′ W. long.; and on the west by 79°06.0′ W. long. (iv) Charleston Deep Artificial Reef MPA is bounded by rhumb lines connecting, in order, the following points: Point A B C D A North lat. 32°04′ 32°08.5′ 32°06′ 32°01.5′ 32°04′ West long. 79°12′ 79°07.5′ 79°05′ 79°09.3′ 79°12′ jlentini on PROD1PC65 with PROPOSALS A B C VerDate Aug<31>2005 North lat. 31°43′ 31°43′ 31°34′ 17:14 Jul 15, 2008 West long. 79°31′ 79°21′ 79°29′ Jkt 214001 D A North lat. 31°34′ 31°43′ West long. 79°39′ 79°31′ (vi) North Florida MPA is bounded on the north by 30°29′ N. lat.; on the south by 30°19′ N. lat.; on the east by 80°02′ W. long.; and on the west by 80°14′ W. long. (vii) St. Lucie Hump MPA is bounded on the north by 27°08′ N. lat.; on the south by 27°04′ N. lat.; on the east by 79°58′ W. long.; and on the west by 80°00′ W. long. (viii) East Hump MPA is bounded by rhumb lines connecting, in order, the following points: Point (v) Georgia MPA is bounded by rhumb lines connecting, in order, the following points: Point Point A B C D A North lat. 24°36.5′ 24°32′ 24°27.5′ 24°32.5′ 24°36.5′ West long. 80°45.5′ 80°36′ 80°38.5′ 80°48′ 80°45.5′ (2) For the purpose of paragraph (i)(1) of this section, transit means direct, non-stop progression through the MPA. Fishing gear appropriately stowed means— PO 00000 Frm 00062 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 (i) A longline may be left on the drum if all gangions and hooks are disconnected and stowed below deck. Hooks cannot be baited. All buoys must be disconnected from the gear; however, buoys may remain on deck. (ii) A trawl or try net may remain on deck, but trawl doors must be disconnected from such net and must be secured. (iii) A gillnet, stab net, or trammel net must be left on the drum. Any additional such nets not attached to the drum must be stowed below deck. (iv) Terminal gear (i.e., hook, leader, sinker, flasher, or bait) used with an automatic reel, bandit gear, buoy gear, handline, or rod and reel must be disconnected and stowed separately from such fishing gear. A rod and reel must be removed from the rod holder and stowed securely on or below deck. (v) A crustacean trap, golden crab trap, or sea bass pot cannot be baited. All buoys must be disconnected from the gear; however, buoys may remain on deck. 4. Add Figure 1 to Part 622 to read as follows: E:\FR\FM\16JYP1.SGM 16JYP1 Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 137 / Wednesday, July 16, 2008 / Proposed Rules 40829 [FR Doc. E8–16252 Filed 7–15–08; 8:45 am] VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:14 Jul 15, 2008 Jkt 214001 PO 00000 Frm 00063 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\16JYP1.SGM 16JYP1 EP16JY08.009 jlentini on PROD1PC65 with PROPOSALS BILLING CODE 3510–22–S
[Federal Register Volume 73, Number 137 (Wednesday, July 16, 2008)]
[Proposed Rules]
50 CFR Part 622
[Docket No. 0612242911-7380-01]
RIN 0648-AU28
Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic;
Snapper-Grouper Fishery off the Southern Atlantic States; Amendment 14
AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and
ACTION: Proposed rule; request for comments.
SUMMARY: NMFS issues this proposed rule to implement the applicable
provisions of Amendment 14 to the Fishery Management Plan for the
Snapper-Grouper Fishery of the South Atlantic Region (FMP), as prepared
and submitted by the South Atlantic Fishery Management Council
(Council). Amendment 14 proposes, and this rule would implement,
establishment of eight marine protected areas (MPAs) in which fishing
for or possession of South Atlantic snapper-grouper would be
prohibited. The prohibition on possession would not apply to a person
aboard a vessel that was in transit with fishing gear appropriately
stowed. Amendment 14 also proposes to prohibit the use of shark bottom
longlines within the MPAs, however, NMFS is proposing to implement the
prohibition of shark bottom longlines through separate rulemaking. The
intended effects of this proposed rule are to protect a portion of the
population and habitat of long-lived, slow growing, deepwater snapper-
grouper from fishing pressure to achieve a more natural sex ratio, age,
and size structure within the proposed MPAs, while minimizing adverse
social and economic effects.
DATES: Written comments on this proposed rule must be received no later
than 5 p.m., eastern time, on August 15, 2008.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by ``0648-AU28'', by any
of the following methods:
Electronic Submissions: Submit all electronic public
comments via the Federal e-Rulemaking Portal https://
www.regulations.gov.
Fax: 727-824-5308; Attention: Kate Michie.
Mail: Kate Michie, Southeast Regional Office, NMFS, 263
13\th\ Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701.
Instructions: All comments received are a part of the public record
and will generally be posted to https://www.regulations.gov without
change. All Personal Identifying Information (for example, name,
address, etc.) voluntarily submitted by the commenter may be publicly
accessible. Do not submit Confidential Business Information or
otherwise sensitive or protected information.
NMFS will accept anonymous comments. Attachments to electronic
comments will be accepted in Microsoft Word, Excel, WordPerfect, or
Adobe PDF file formats only.
Copies of Amendment 14 may be obtained from the South Atlantic
Fishery Management Council, 4055 Faber Place, Suite 201, North
Charleston, SC 29405; phone: 843-571-4366 or 866-SAFMC-10 (toll free);
fax: 843-769-4520; e-mail: safmc@safmc.net. Amendment 14 includes a
Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS), a Biological Assessment,
an Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA), a Regulatory Impact
Review, and a Social Impact Assessment/Fishery Impact Statement.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kate Michie, telephone: 727-824-5305,
fax: 727-824-5308, e-mail: Kate.Michie@noaa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The snapper-grouper fishery off the southern
Atlantic states is managed under the FMP. The FMP was prepared by the
Council and is implemented under the authority of the Magnuson-Stevens
Fishery Conservation and Management Act (Magnuson-Stevens Act) by
regulations at 50 CFR part 622. NMFS issues this proposed rule to
implement the applicable provisions of Amendment 14 to the FMP. The
Atlantic shark fishery is managed under the Consolidated Highly
Migratory Species Fishery Management Plan (HMS FMP). The HMS FMP is
implemented under the authority of the Magnuson-Stevens Act by
regulations at 50 CFR part 635.
Many snapper-grouper species are vulnerable to overfishing because
they are long-lived (e.g., snowy grouper, golden tilefish, red snapper,
gag, scamp, red grouper, and red porgy); they are protogynous, i.e.,
they may change sex from females to males as they grow older/larger
(e.g., snowy grouper, speckled hind, Warsaw grouper, yellowedge
grouper, gag, scamp, red porgy, and black sea bass); they form spawning
aggregations (e.g., snowy grouper, gag, scamp, and red snapper); and
they suffer high release mortality when taken from deep water.
Deepwater snapper-grouper species (speckled hind, snowy grouper, Warsaw
grouper, yellowedge grouper, misty grouper, golden tilefish, and
blueline tilefish) are most vulnerable to overfishing because they live
longer than 50 years, do not survive the trauma of capture, and are
protogynous (groupers) or exhibit sexual dimorphism, i.e., males and
females grow at different rates (tilefishes).
Stock assessments indicate that black sea bass, red porgy, and
snowy grouper are overfished, i.e., spawning stock biomass is not
sufficient to reproduce and support continued productivity. In
addition, black sea bass, golden tilefish, snowy grouper, and vermilion
snapper are experiencing overfishing, i.e., the current rate of fishing
mortality jeopardizes the capacity of the fishery to produce its
maximum sustainable yield on a continuing basis. Reductions in catch
and protection of habitat are needed.
Proposed Measures
This rule would establish eight MPAs in which a portion of the
grouper species would be protected from directed fishing pressure.
Fishing for or possession of South Atlantic snapper-grouper would be
prohibited in the MPAs. However, the prohibition on possession would
not apply to a person aboard a vessel that was in transit with fishing
gear appropriately stowed, as specified in Sec.  622.35(i)(2) of this
proposed rule. MPAs are considered to be the most effective fishery
management tool that would allow deepwater snapper-grouper to reach a
more natural sex ratio, age, and size structure, protect spawning
locations, and provide a refuge for early developmental stages of fish
species.
Using a collaborative process, the Council selected specific sites
for MPAs on the basis of maximizing the biological benefits and
enhancing enforceability and monitoring while minimizing the adverse
social and economic effects. Sizes of the MPAs would range from
approximately 5 by 10 nautical miles (nm) to approximately 22 by 23 nm.
One would be off North Carolina, three off South Carolina, one off
Georgia, and three off the east coast of Florida. An artificial reef
may be established at one of the South Carolina sites. The two most
southern MPAs would be approximately 9 and 13 nm offshore,
respectively, and the others at least 38 nm offshore. The eight
proposed MPAs and their relative locations are shown in Figure 1.
The prohibition of use of shark bottom longlines in the MPAs is
considered necessary for habitat protection and to prevent the
mortality of incidentally caught snapper-grouper. The Council voted to
include this prohibition in Amendment 14 because of concerns regarding
the enforcement of fishing activities by vessels that hold permits in
both the snapper-grouper and shark bottom longline fisheries, both of
which deploy similar gear. However, because the Atlantic shark fishery
is managed under the HMS FMP, NMFS requested the HMS Division
promulgate the prohibition of use of shark bottom longlines within the
proposed MPAs. The HMS Division published a final rule on June 24, 2008
(72 FR 35778), prohibiting shark bottom longlining in the proposed MPAs
through Amendment 2 to the consolidated HMS FMP.
Availability of Amendment 14
Additional background and rationale for the measures discussed
above are contained in Amendment 14. The availability of Amendment 14
was announced in the Federal Register on June 6, 2008, (73 FR 32281).
Written comments on Amendment 14 will be accepted through August 5,
2008. All comments received on Amendment 14 or on this proposed rule
during their respective comment periods will be addressed in the
preamble to the final rule.
Pursuant to section 304(b)(1)(A) of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, the
NMFS Assistant Administrator has determined that this proposed rule is
consistent with Amendment 14, the Magnuson-Stevens Act, and other
applicable law, subject to further consideration after public comment.
This proposed rule has been determined to be not significant for
purposes of Executive Order 12866.
The Council prepared an FEIS for Amendment 14; a notice of
availability was published on June 13, 2008 (73 FR 33813).
NMFS prepared an IRFA, as required by section 603 of the Regulatory
Flexibility Act, for this proposed rule. The IRFA describes the
economic impact this proposed rule, if adopted, would have on small
entities. A description of the action, why it is being considered, and
the objectives of, and legal basis for this action are contained at the
beginning of this section in the preamble and in the SUMMARY section of
the preamble. A copy of the full analysis is available from the Council
(see ADDRESSES). A summary of the IRFA follows.
This proposed rule would establish eight MPAs in the Federal waters
of the South Atlantic and prohibit fishing for or possession of South
Atlantic snapper-grouper within any of the MPAs. The purpose of this
proposed rule is to assist in the recovery of overfished stocks and
persistence of healthy fish stocks, fisheries, and habitats. The
Magnuson-Stevens Act provides the statutory basis for the proposed
rule.
No duplicative, overlapping, or conflicting Federal rules have been
Two general classes of small business entities would be directly
affected by the proposed rule, commercial fishing vessels and for-hire
fishing vessels. The Small Business Administration defines a small
entity in the commercial fishing sector as a firm that is independently
owned and operated, is not dominant in its field of operation, and has
average annual gross receipts not in excess of $4 million (2002 NAICS
11411). For a for-hire business, the appropriate revenue benchmark is
$6.5 million (2002 NAICS 487210).
Average net incomes estimated from boats operating in the South
Atlantic snapper-grouper fishery were sampled in a 1994 study that
separated the fishery into northern and southern zones. The northern
zone includes the area north of 28[deg] N. latitude to the North
Carolina/Virginia border. The southern zone includes the area south of
25[deg] N. latitude to the border between the South Atlantic and Gulf
of Mexico Fishery Management Councils. The estimated average net
incomes, in 1994 (and 2006) dollars, were $83,224 ($113,212) for boats
that primarily used bottom longlines in the northern zone, $23,075
($31,389) for boats that primarily used black sea bass pots in the
northern zone, $15,563 ($21,171) for boats that primarily used bottom
longlines in the southern zone, $11,649 ($15,842) for boats that
primarily used vertical lines in the southern zone, and $8,307
($11,300) for boats that primarily used
vertical lines in the northern zone. Overall, boats in the northern
zone averaged $14,143 ($19,239) in net income based on average revenues
of $48,702 ($66,250), while boats in the southern zone averaged $12,388
($16,852) net income based on average revenues of $39,745 ($54,066).
More recent data from the Southeast logbook program show the average
annual ex-vessel revenue from landings of snapper-grouper species per
vessel from 1999 to 2003 to range from $14,408 to $16,376 (2006
dollars).
Although some fleet activity may exist in this fishery, the extent
of such has not been determined. Thus, all vessels are assumed to be
unique business entities. Given historic income data and the gross
revenue profile captured by the Southeast logbook program, it is
determined that all vessels that would be affected by the proposed rule
are small entities.
Charterboats are defined as boats for hire carrying six or fewer
passengers that charge a fee to rent the entire boat. Headboats tend to
be larger, generally can carry a maximum of around 60 passengers, and
the fee is paid on an individual angler basis. This analysis, which
estimates the range of the average gross revenues in 2006 dollars for
this sector, is as follows: $61,714 to $83,820 for charterboats on the
Atlantic coast of Florida; $72,768 to $88,778 for charterboats in North
Carolina, $31,830 to $38,833 for charterboats in South Carolina;
$68,629 to $83,486 for charterboats in Georgia; $170,276 to $362,482
for headboats in Florida; and $148,840 to $317,030 for headboats in the
other South Atlantic states. Similar to the situation with the
commercial harvest sector, some fleet activity may exist within the
for-hire sector. The magnitude and identity of such is unknown,
however, and all vessels are assumed to represent unique business
entities. Given the gross revenue profiles provided, vessels in the
for-hire recreational sector are determined to be small business
entities.
There were 1,066 commercial snapper-grouper permitted vessels in
the South Atlantic during 2004. A number of these permitted vessels
were not active in the snapper-grouper fishery. It is not possible to
estimate the total number of true latent permits (i.e., those permits
which are not expected to be fished in any given year and may exist
only for speculative purposes) since permits with no associated
landings could become active in a subsequent year. The number of
permitted vessels, however, is an upper bound on the universe of
vessels in this fishery. The assumed lower bound of the universe of
vessels is the number of active vessels in the latest year for which
data are available. This lower bound estimate is 906 vessels, which is
the number of vessels/permits with recorded landings of snapper-grouper
species in the South Atlantic in 2003. The upper bound is the 1,066
commercial snapper-grouper permitted vessels in the South Atlantic
during 2004. Thus, the range of vessels assumed to potentially operate
in the commercial snapper-grouper fishery is 906 to 1,066. Currently,
there is insufficient information to determine the number of commercial
fishing vessels that fish for or possess any snapper-grouper species in
the proposed MPAs.
In the for-hire sector, 1,594 snapper-grouper for-hire permits were
issued to vessels in the South Atlantic states in 2004. The for-hire
fishery operates as an open access fishery, and not all of the
permitted snapper-grouper for-hire vessels are necessarily active in
this fishery. Some vessel owners have been known to purchase open
access permits as insurance for uncertainties in the fisheries in which
they currently operate. Currently, there is insufficient information to
assess the number of for-hire vessels that fish for or possess any
snapper-grouper species in the proposed MPAs.
There is insufficient information to assess the numbers or
percentages of commercial and for-hire vessels that fish for or possess
snapper-grouper species in the proposed MPAs and would be directly
affected by the proposed rule. Consequently, it cannot be determined if
the proposed rule would affect a substantial number of small entities.
A direct cost of the proposed rule would be the lost revenues and
profits derived from fishing for or possessing snapper-grouper species
in those areas. It is expected that any vessel that historically fished
in these areas would mitigate some of these losses by relocating to
other areas. There is insufficient information to quantify any
potential losses of revenues and profits from the creation of the MPAs.
However, the relatively small sizes of the MPAs suggest there would not
be significant adverse economic impact.
Three alternatives, including the status quo, were considered for
the first of the eight actions. Both the proposed action (Alternative
1) and Alternative 2 would establish an MPA at the area of the Snowy
(Grouper) Wreck off the coast of North Carolina. The proposed MPA is 55
nm southeast of Southport, North Carolina, and Alternative 2 is located
approximately 57 nm southeast of Southport. Each MPA is about 15 by 10
nm. Fishermen from Little River, Carolina Beach, and Southport ports
would most likely be affected by either alternative. The proposed MPA
and the MPA specified by Alternative 2 include an area ranging from 150
meters (m) to 300 m deep. The proposed MPA includes a shallow area
ranging from 60 to 100 m, while the MPA specified by Alternative 2
includes a deeper area exceeding 300 m in depth. Alternative 2 could
result in the displacement of fewer fishermen than the proposed action,
but would not be expected to protect as many mid-shelf species as the
proposed action. The status quo alternative (Alternative 3) would not
create an MPA in the Snowy (Grouper) Wreck area off the coast of North
Carolina, would not increase the protection of mid-shelf and deepwater
snapper-grouper species, and would not, therefore, meet the Council's
Four alternatives, including the status quo, were considered for
the second action. The proposed action (Alternative 2) and two of the
other alternatives (Alternatives 1 and 3) would establish an MPA off
the northern South Carolina coast. The proposed MPA is located
approximately 54 nm from Murrells Inlet, while Alternative 1 is located
approximately 61 nm from Murrells Inlet, and the MPA specified by
Alternative 3 is about 65 nm from Murrells Inlet. The proposed MPA and
the MPAs specified by Alternatives 1 and 3 are 10 by 5 nm in size. Both
the proposed MPA and the MPA specified by Alternative 1 run east to
west, while the MPA specified by Alternative 3 runs parallel to shore.
Waters in the proposed MPA area range from 50 to 180 m deep. The MPAs
specified by Alternatives 1 and 3 share an area ranging in depth from
70 to 140 m, but the MPA specified by Alternative 1 includes more
shallow waters, while the MPA specified by Alternative 3 includes a
greater area of deep water. The proposed MPA is expected to protect
more deepwater and mid-shelf snapper-grouper species than the MPAs
specified by Alternatives 1 and 3. The status quo alternative
(Alternative 4) would not create an MPA off the coast of northern South
the third action. Both the proposed action (Alternative 1) and
Alternative 2 would establish an MPA off the coast of central South
Carolina. The proposed MPA is oriented perpendicular to the coast and
is located about 45 nm southeast of
Charleston Harbor. The MPA specified by Alternative 2 is oriented
parallel to the shoreline and is located approximately 50 nm southeast
of Charleston Harbor. Both MPAs are 10 by 5 nm in size. The proposed
MPA is expected to protect more mid-shelf and rare deepwater snapper-
grouper species than Alternative 2. The status quo alternative
(Alternative 3) would not create an MPA off the coast of central South
the fourth action. Both the proposed action (Alternative 1) and
Alternative 2 would establish an MPA off the coast of Georgia. The
proposed MPA is located approximately 69 nm southeast of the mouth of
Wassaw Sound, while the MPA specified by Alternative 2 is located about
65 nm southeast of the mouth of Wassaw Sound. Both the proposed MPA and
the MPA specified by Alternative 2 are 10 by 10 nm in size, and both
share a common area with waters 90 to 210 m deep. However, the proposed
MPA also includes waters ranging from 90 to 300 m deep and runs
parallel to the shore, while the MPA specified by Alternative 2
includes an area with a wider depth range, from 65 to 380 m and does
not run parallel to the coast. The proposed MPA is expected to be
easier for industry to maneuver around and may result in greater
protection of the mid-shelf habitat that serves as a nursery for
deepwater species, notably tilefish, than the MPA specified by
Alternative 2. The status quo alternative (Alternative 3) would not
create an MPA off the coast of Georgia, would not increase the
protection of tilefish, snowy grouper, and mid-shelf snapper-grouper
species, and would not, therefore, meet the Council's objective.
Seven alternatives, including the status quo, were considered for
the fifth action. The proposed action (Alternative 4) and five of the
other alternatives would establish an MPA off the coast of north
Florida. The proposed MPA is approximately 60 nm off the mouth of St.
John's River near Jacksonville. The MPA specified by Alternative 1 is
approximately 57 nm off the mouth of the St. John's River; the MPA
specified by Alternative 2 is about 47 nm east of St. Augustine; the
MPA specified by Alternative 3 is approximately 43 nm off New Smyrna
Beach; the MPA specified by Alternative 5 is about 55 nm east of St.
Augustine; and the MPA specified by Alternative 6 is approximately 45
nm off New Smyrna Beach. The proposed MPA and the MPAs specified by
Alternatives 1, 2, and 5 are 10 by 10 nm in size, while the MPAs
specified by Alternatives 3 and 6 are 22 by 23 nm in size. The proposed
MPA shares an area with the MPA specified by Alternative 1 that ranges
from 60 to 200 m in depth. The proposed MPA also includes deeper
waters, ranging from 200 to 380 m in depth, while the MPA specified by
Alternative 1 includes an area of shallower water, ranging from 50 to
80 m in depth. The MPAs specified by Alternatives 2 and 5 share an area
with depths ranging from 90 to 150 m. The MPA specified by Alternative
5 also includes a deeper area that ranges from 150 to 390 m, while the
MPA specified by Alternative 2 includes a shallower area of 55 to 80 m.
Most of the area included by the MPAs specified by Alternatives 3 and 6
overlap in an area ranging from 200 to 690 m deep. The MPA specified by
Alternative 3 also includes a deeper area that exceeds 700 m, while the
MPA specified by Alternative 6 includes a shallower area of 80 to 150
m. Although the MPAs specified by Alternatives 1 and 2 would protect
more mid-shelf snapper-grouper species than the proposed MPA, while the
MPAs specified by Alternatives 3, 5 and 6 would protect more deepwater
species, these alternatives would also be expected to result in greater
adverse economic impacts than the proposed MPA. The status quo
alternative (Alternative 7), would not create an MPA off the coast of
north Florida, would not increase the protection of mid-shelf and
deepwater snapper-grouper species, and would not, therefore, meet the
Council's objective.
Two alternatives, including the status quo, were considered for the
sixth action. The proposed action would establish an MPA in the area
known as Sea Bass Rocks off the coast of Florida. The status quo
alternative would not create an MPA in this area, would not increase
the protection of deepwater snapper-grouper species in this area, and
would not, therefore, meet the Council's objective.
seventh action. The proposed action would establish an MPA in the
vicinity of the area known as East Hump and Unnamed Hump off the coast
of the Florida Keys. The status quo alternative, would not create an
MPA in this area, would not increase the protection of deepwater
snapper-grouper and protected species in this area, and would not,
therefore, meet the Council's objectives.
eighth action. The proposed action would establish an artificial reef
MPA off the coast of South Carolina. The status quo alternative would
not create this MPA, would not increase the opportunity to improve
snapper-grouper populations in this area, and would not, therefore,
meet the Council's objective.
List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 622
Fisheries, Fishing, Puerto Rico, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Virgin Islands.
Dated: July 10, 2008.
Samuel D. Rauch III,
Deputy Assistant Administrator For Regulatory Programs, National Marine
Fisheries Service.
For the reasons set out in the preamble, 50 CFR part 622 is
proposed to be amended as follows:
PART 622--FISHERIES OF THE CARIBBEAN, GULF, AND SOUTH ATLANTIC
1. The authority citation for part 622 continues to read as
Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.
2. In Sec.  622.2, the definition of ``MPA'' is added in
alphabetical order to read as follows:
Sec.  622.2  Definitions and acronyms.
MPA means marine protected area.
3. In Sec.  622.35, paragraph (i) is added to read as follows:
Sec.  622.35  Atlantic EEZ seasonal and/or area closures.
(i) MPAs. (1) No person may fish for a South Atlantic snapper-
grouper in an MPA, and no person may possess a South Atlantic snapper-
grouper in an MPA. However, the prohibition on possession does not
apply to a person aboard a vessel that is in transit with fishing gear
appropriately stowed as specified in paragraph (i)(2) of this section.
In addition to these restrictions, see Sec.  635.21(d)(1)(iii) of this
chapter regarding restrictions applicable within these MPAs for any
vessel issued a permit under part 635 of this chapter that has longline
gear on board. MPAs consist of deepwater areas as follows:
(i) Snowy Grouper Wreck MPA is bounded by rhumb lines connecting,
in order, the following points:
Point                     North lat.       West long.
A                                       33[deg]25'       77[deg]04.75'
B                                       33[deg]34.75'    76[deg]51.3'
C                                       33[deg]25.5'     76[deg]46.5'
D                                       33[deg]15.75'    77[deg]00.0'
(ii) Northern South Carolina MPA is bounded on the north by
32[deg]53.5' N. lat.; on the south by 32[deg]48.5' N. lat.; on the east
by 78[deg]04.75' W. long.; and on the west by 78[deg]16.75' W. long.
(iii) Edisto MPA is bounded on the north by 32[deg]24' N. lat.; on
the south by 32[deg]18.5' N. lat.; on the east by 78[deg]54.0' W.
long.; and on the west by 79[deg]06.0' W. long.
(iv) Charleston Deep Artificial Reef MPA is bounded by rhumb lines
connecting, in order, the following points:
A                                       32[deg]04'       79[deg]12'
B                                       32[deg]08.5'     79[deg]07.5'
C                                       32[deg]06'       79[deg]05'
D                                       32[deg]01.5'     79[deg]09.3'
(v) Georgia MPA is bounded by rhumb lines connecting, in order, the
following points:
B                                       31[deg]43'       79[deg]21'
D                                       31[deg]34'       79[deg]39'
(vi) North Florida MPA is bounded on the north by 30[deg]29' N.
lat.; on the south by 30[deg]19' N. lat.; on the east by 80[deg]02' W.
long.; and on the west by 80[deg]14' W. long.
(vii) St. Lucie Hump MPA is bounded on the north by 27[deg]08' N.
(viii) East Hump MPA is bounded by rhumb lines connecting, in
order, the following points:
A                                       24[deg]36.5'     80[deg]45.5'
D                                       24[deg]32.5'     80[deg]48'
(2) For the purpose of paragraph (i)(1) of this section, transit
means direct, non-stop progression through the MPA. Fishing gear
appropriately stowed means--
(i) A longline may be left on the drum if all gangions and hooks
are disconnected and stowed below deck. Hooks cannot be baited. All
buoys must be disconnected from the gear; however, buoys may remain on
(ii) A trawl or try net may remain on deck, but trawl doors must be
disconnected from such net and must be secured.
(iii) A gillnet, stab net, or trammel net must be left on the drum.
Any additional such nets not attached to the drum must be stowed below
(iv) Terminal gear (i.e., hook, leader, sinker, flasher, or bait)
used with an automatic reel, bandit gear, buoy gear, handline, or rod
and reel must be disconnected and stowed separately from such fishing
gear. A rod and reel must be removed from the rod holder and stowed
securely on or below deck.
(v) A crustacean trap, golden crab trap, or sea bass pot cannot be
baited. All buoys must be disconnected from the gear; however, buoys
may remain on deck.
4. Add Figure 1 to Part 622 to read as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP16JY08.009
[FR Doc. E8-16252 Filed 7-15-08; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-22-S


text:
Stranded On An Island
Finding a (potential) friend for the Bruins German defenseman.
By Nolan Cardwell Feb 6, 2015, 5:37pm EST
Share All sharing options for: Stranded On An Island
Bob DeChiara-USA TODAY Sports
The Bruins have looked like, well, the Bruins for the past month, and it's calmed everyone in New England down just a tad. Which is nice, because my doctor says that stress increases cholesterol, in-turn raising the risk for heart disease. So, when the Bruins are playing well, we're less likely to croak.
No pressure, guys.
Even with a recent boost in play, our local heroes only sit 5 points ahead of Florida for the Eastern Conference's second, and final, wild-card spot. They trail those slimy bastards from Montreal by 6 points for third in the Atlantic Division and that gaps not going to shrink unless something is done to sure up the Bruins lack of a true middle defense pairing.
As it stands right now, there's not a chance in hell the Bruins can make a deep playoff run with Adam McQuaid to the right of Dennis Seidenberg on Boston's second pairing. Seidenberg, who eats a boatload of 5-on-5 defensive-zone starts (36.4% - first on the Bruins and 3.6% higher than second place Dougie Hamilton), owns a 49.0 5v5 CF% and a team-high 54.33 CA/60. His numbers aren't impressive, really, but he eats minutes and does so in a relatively effective manner.
Seidenberg's 937:37 TOI in 5v5 situations leads the team, again, a respectable trait in a number 4 defenseman. The dilemma is finding someone who can elevate Seidenberg to more than just a "well, it's the best we can do right now" type of player. The native of Germany found success playing alongside Hamilton, a budding superstar, posting a 53.8 CF% in 277:21 minutes together at even strength. What's intriguing is that apart from Hamilton, Seidenberg's CF% drops to 47.2, though his CA/60 rises minimally from 53.22 (with Hamilton) to 54.56 (without Lord Douglas). It's the offensive production that suffers, clearly, when Dennis is moved from a capable puck-mover to, at best, a competent third-pairing stay at home defensemen from Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island.
It'll be tough to find a player with the skill level that Hamilton has grown into, but there are a few options available, that in theory, could elevate Seidenberg back into "wow, this guys playing pretty good" territory.
Jeff Petry is Edmonton's minutes-eater, and his value is attractive due to his ability to play positive possession minutes (50.1 CF%) on a team that resembles the Titanic, after it split in half - like right around the time people went sliding down the deck and into the ocean. The cinematography during that scene was pretty impressive for a movie made in 1999, or at least I think so.
Any who, Petry's $3.075 million cap hit is more than the Bruins can handle without shipping a roster player out of town, and given Edmonton's penchant for having the intellect of a cardboard box, they'd probably take on a contract of say, McQuaid, Kevan Miller or Gregory Campbell. The latter two being the most preferred, but I have a gut feeling Boston values Miller higher than McQuaid and that makes me want to go in a shed and scream. But I digress.
Carolina's Andrej Sekera, a Slovakian who has a big fan in our very own Chris Abraham, has posted solid numbers on, again, a pretty horrendous team (52.1 CF%, 33.3 DZFO%). An unrestricted free agent after the year, Sekera only has a $1.75 million cap hit this year, so he's financially viable if the Bruins decide to keep their current roster intact. If you really want to get daring, his low salary would make it easier if Peter Chiarelli wanted to get all wild with his bad self and look for a top-six winger as well. And if that happens, watch out, because people will still complain about everything this team has ever done.
These two should be the primary targets - considering Keith Yandle's financial impact would create more havoc than need be - although, if Peter's efforts fall flat for the latter, New Jersey's Marek Zidlicky wouldn't be the worst idea in the world. At 38, Zidlicky's significantly older than the other two targets, but he's from Europe so him and Dennis could have some nice chats about frankfurters and lederhosen or whatever.
Zidlicky brings with him a $3 million cap hit and an offensive game that hasn't flat-lined much with age (4-17-21 in 51 games), so, uh, hooray! Plus, Chiarelli really likes the whole "acquiring old guys" shtick, so it fills that void as well.
They'll probably branch out and grab someone who we don't expect - which usually is the case, but whatever, I was bored and felt like writing something. They need another good defenseman should be the main point you get out of this.
Okay, this over now, bye. Go read a book or watch Taken 2. It's your life, make your own decisions.
Trade Deadline 2015: Boston Bruins
A summary of the Bruins' deadline: ¯\ _(ツ)_ /¯
Alone And German: Finding A New Partner For Dennis
Cool your Jets: Kane getting surgery, out until summer.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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We are in search of a Building Engineer in our Tarrytown, Westchester office. This position is a full time, salaried, Monday through Friday, 40 hours per week, nonunion, day shift.
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AmTrust Realty Corp. is a privately-held company that acquires, develops and manages commercial real estate. Their headquarters are in New York City. The Company currently owns in excess of 12 million square feet across thirteen major properties in New York, Chicago, Toledo and Syracuse. The company is highly entrepreneurial and offers substantial career growth opportunity to strong performers.
We are in search of a Building Operator in our Tarrytown, Westchester office. This position is a full time, salaried, Monday through Friday, 40 hours per week, non-Union, Day Shift. Our Company is privately-held that acquires, develops and manages commercial real estate. The company is headquartered in New York City.
· Maintaining the property and ensure Class "A" office building runs smoothly.
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AmTrust Realty Corp. is the owner of 9 million square feet of commercial real estate in New York. We are in search of a Handyman in our Tarrytown, Northern Westchester office. This position is a full time, salaried, Monday through Friday, 40 hours per week. Non-Union, 1st Shift.
Maintaining the property and ensure Class "A" office building runs smoothly.
Respond and troubleshoot all tenant service requests.
Ability to review and comment on construction sketches and drawings.
Assist building porter as needed.
Manage inventory and supplies of equipment.
Basic Knowledge of hand and electrical tools.
Effectively communicate with management, both verbally and in writing.
• Good judgment and imitative required.
• Emergency "on-call" work may be required.


text:
Thursday 03/01/18 – Kevin Miller Show
Kevin Miller begins his show by sharing President Trump's remarks concerning guns and due process. The president said that in certain cases that guns should be taken first, and then due process would follow eventually. Several folks called in to say they disagree with his comments and tell Kevin Miller that due process must be followed at all times. Today's guests: 6:35am – Fox News Radio's Jeff Monosso says Papa John's loss is Pizza Hut's gain ; 7 a.m. – Michael Daugherty of Cyber Defense Magazine says we don't have media anymore ; 8 a.m. – Ryan Anderson PhD discusses his new book, When Harry Became Sally: Responding to the Transgender Movement ; 8:35am – Jon Decker of Fox News Radio reports live from the White House. Kevin Miller continues to take calls concerning Dick's Sporting Goods decision not to sell AR-15s and Wal Mart's decision not to sell firearms to anyone under 21.


We have so enjoyed being totally carefree with no appointments, meetings, work, or school to attend.
This week Engineer is back at work and Diva is back at school and lessons, and I am back to the day-to-day household tasks. We also have Trivial Pursuit night, a Junior Daughters of the King meeting, Girls' Day Out, and a meeting with the director of the 12 Way Rehabilitation Program respectively.
Well we started the emeals program last week and it was okay except in true Moppins fashion I could not leave it alone. It was great to have a guide but I substituted and fiddled until my heart's content.
Since I only used the first three meals from my emeals list, I am using the next four this week. This 3 month trial of emeals may actually last me 6 months at this pace.
Going to read some other posts.
what a hearty meal plan! sounds great!
Delicious looking menu! I wish I wasn't the only one in the family that liked salmon, I'd like to make herb roasted salmon...it sounds really good.
We are a family of salmon lovers and would happily eat it any meal any time any day. Maybe you could convert your family into salmon lovers too. :) Thanks for stopping by!


text:
GEORGE ANTHONY'S SHOWBUZZ
Tag Archives: Sondheim On Sondheim
Lily learns a lesson, Pat takes the Bard to Venice and Vanessa & Kristin set their sights on Broadway
FOOTLIGHTS: Last week Vanessa Williams started her fourth season as Ugly Betty's ever-scheming yet oddly lovable magazine editor Wilhelmina Slater,
WILLIAMS: Sondheim serenader
a roie which has won her three consecutive Emmy Award nominations to date. This week the former Miss America is plotting her return to Broadway with powerhouse Barbara Cook in a new nightly tribute to Stephen Sondheim. Williams starred as the Witch in the 2003 revival of Sondheim's Into The Woods. "Ugly Betty is my priority," she says candidly, "and we shoot in the spring — so there are going to be some days that I may not be able to do the Sondheim show. But we're going to do as much as we can so I can do an eight-show week." The new musical, Sondheim On
CHENOWITH: Bacharach baby?
Sondheim, will be directed by her Into The Woods champion James Lapine and is scheduled to open early next year … remember Shirley MacLaine and Jack Lemmon in the 1960 Billy Wilder film classic The Apartment? Remember Jerry Orbach and Jill O'Hara in the 1968 Broadway musical version, Promises, Promises? Remember all those hummable Burt Bacharach-Hal David tunes like I'll Never Fall In Love Again? Word on the Great White Way is that Wicked scene-stealer Kristin Chenowith will return
LAHTI: Carnage
to the New York stage to play opposite Will & Grace funnyman Sean Hayes in a modernized 2010 revival of the hit musical. Stay tuned … and here's one for the Change Partners & Dance Dept.: A new cast for Yasmina Reza's Tony-winning black comedy God of Carnage will begin performances on November 17 on Broadway. Christine Lahti will replace Marcia Gay Harden; Annie Potts has signed on to replace Hope Davis; Jimmy Smits will replace Jeff Daniels; and original West End cast member Ken Stott will recreate his performance as Michael, replacing James
SMITS: replacing Jeff Daniels
Gandolfini.
FLICKERS: The 10th annual Planet in Focus film festival, which opened here yesterday, features over 85 films on environmental issues from 25 countries, with pre- and post-screening discussions and panels and special programs for children and schools. A special section of the festival, Land & Conflict screenings, include Canadian premieres of Voices from El Sayed. The 2008 film set in the Bedouin village that is home to the largest community of deaf people in the world; and Jerusalem Moments 2009, a showcase of short films by seven young Palestinian and Israeli directors. To get all the W5, click here … and following a successful pitch at RomaFictionFest, veteran producer Pat Ferns is teaming up with Britain's Scenario Films to
TOMLIN: class consciousness
develop Shakespeare in Venice, a dramatic series in the tradition of Shakespeare in Love. Based on exhaustive research by Alessandro Bettero, the screenplays will be co-written with award-winning British screenwriter Gareth Jones … and David Cronenberg is set to appear at tonight's TIFF Cinemateque screening of Videodrome, his prescient 1983 thriller with James Woods, Deborah Harry and Sonja Smits, tonight at 9 pm at the AGO.
QUOTABLE QUOTES: "I lived in a racially diverse and financially diverse neighborhood and I knew who was favored and who wasn't and who had "nicer" material circumstances and who didn't. It was the practice at our grade school in those days to stand and tell the class what you'd received for Christmas that year and it was gruesome because it was clear when a kid was lying or exaggerating out of shame, and I can remember being one of them. You might say you'd gotten a sweater and boots and a new coat and all kinds of things that you never showed up in. I can't imagine what teacher would support such a practice today unless it was used anonymously to raise political and social consciousness and make it an illuminating exercise."
The speaker? Lily Tomlin, on becoming class conscious at the age of 7.
MAPLE LEAF JOKES? WE'VE GOT A MILLION OF 'EM!:
Q: What do the Toronto Maple Leafs and possums have in common?
A. Both play dead at home and get killed on the road.
TOMORROW:
Liz Smith goes on a tear, Jacqueline Bisset goes Italian,
and Ragtime returns to Broadway — without Garth.
Posted in Actors, Gossip, Jokes, Movies, Music, SHOW BUSINESS, Showbuzz, Stars, Television, Theatre
Tagged 1960, 1968, AGO, Alessandro Bettero, Annie Potts, BARBARA COOK, Bedouin, Billy Wilder, Britain, BROADWAY, Burt Bacharach, Christine Lahti, DAVID CRONENBERG, Deborah Harry, Emmy Awards, Gareth Jones, God Of Carnage, Hal David, Hope Davis, I'll Never Fall In Love Again, Into The Woods, Jack Lemmon, Jackman Hall, JAMES GANDOLFINI, James Lapine, James Woods, Jeff Daniels, Jerry Orbach, Jerusalem Moments 2009, Jill O'Hara, Jimmy Smits, Ken Stott, Kristin Chenoweth, LILY TOMLIN, Marcia Gay Harden, Pat Ferns, Planet In Focus film festival, Promises Promises, RomaFIctionFest, Scenario Films, Sean Hayes, Shakespeare In Love, Shakespeare In Venice, SHIRLEY MACLAINE, Sondheim On Sondheim, Sonja Smits, STEPHEN SONDHEIM, The Apartment, TIFF Cinemateque, Tony Awards, Toronto Maple Leafs, Ugly Betty, Vanessa Williams, Videodrome, Voices from El Sayed, Wicked, Will & Grace, Yasmina Reza
George Anthony
DeSantis Betting That Republicans Want a Stupider Version of Trump newyorker.com/humor/borowitz… via @NewYorker 3 hours ago
This year's Bye Bye was the top-rated show in Quebec TV history montrealgazette.com/news/local-new… via @mtlgazette 4 hours ago
"WEIRD: The Weird Al Yankovic Story " is being produced by Funny Or Die and Tango thewrap.com/daniel-radclif… via @TheWrap 5 hours ago
Anti-mask protesters tried to storm some Toronto stores but cops were waiting for them blogto.com/city/2022/01/a… 21 hours ago
How often can you safely reuse your KN95 or N95 mask? washingtonpost.com/health/2022/01… 1 day ago
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Write down a list of things you need to revise, almost like a to-do list. This way, you'll always have something to refer to, and it will ensure you don't forget or miss out on anything.
Make a revision schedule. For example, use your morning session for one topic, and your afternoon session for another, and so on. It is much easier to break down what you need to study and look at it part by part, rather than trying to revise everything all together and overwhelming yourself. Also, a schedule will keep you on track and will make it easier to begin revising as you'll know exactly what you need to do that day.
Take breaks, and don't feel guilty about taking them. This obviously doesn't mean you should take them as often and for as long as you'd like to, but definitely make sure to fit them into your schedule, and then you'll have something to work towards. Use your breaks to relax, eat and de-stress.
Stay hydrated. Preferably, aim to drink water, but anything that's going to keep your brain awake is ideal, and maybe keep some snacks by hand, too.
Try to leave your phone out of reaching distance. Even turn off the Wi-Fi so you can't spot notifications coming through at the other end of the room. Just look forward and work towards your next scheduled break as you can use your phone then. Phones can be the biggest and worst distraction – don't allow those singing dogs on YouTube to make you fail.
Speak it back to anyone who is willing to listen. If you feel like you can confidently explain your revision to someone else who has no idea what it means, and you're able to get them to understand your points, you'll know you're doing well. Or, if you don't have someone, just try speaking out loud by yourself, without looking at your notes. It works almost like a test to see how much you can recall without relying on notes.
Give yourself a point of motivation. Who are you doing this for, why do you want this degree, and where do you want to be in ten years time? This will remind you why you're here and give you something to strive for, whilst keeping you going when you feel most indolent.
Try not to stress. If you work hard and try your best then there's nothing more you can do, so don't beat yourself up about it. You'll know you did what you could!
Don't put it off – start revising early. This will give you time to cover everything you need to, and means you can spread it out more rather than cramming it all into a few days.
Don't just read your notes. Try to answer questions in past papers, re-write your notes over and over, make up your own questions – any different methods which may help you in remembering your points.
I hope these ten top tips will help you just as they help me!
Exams can be unbelievably stressful so if I can help you, I will try to.
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Professor Dr. Adem Kilicman is a Professor in the Department of Mathematics at Universiti Putra Malaysia. His research interest includes functional analysis and topology, integral transforms, special functions and differential equations. He is a member of editorial board of the several international journals and co-editors of several proceedings, and also a reviewer for American Mathematical Society, as well as reviewer for Zentralblatt Mathematik.
Professor Dr. Hari M. Srivastava is a Professor Emeritus in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. Currently, he is actively associated editorially with over 200 international scientific research journals. He won several awards for his achievement in research. His research interests focus on real and complex analysis, fractional calculus, inventory modeling, optimization and analytic number theory.
Professor Dr. M. Mursaleen is a Professor in the Department of Mathematics, Aligarh Muslim University, India. His research interests focuses on several scopes such as functional analysis, real analysis, wavelets, fixed point theory and approximation theory. He is a member of several editorial boards of many journals such as Applied Mathematics and Information Sciences, Mathematical Sciences Letter and New Trends in Mathematical Sciences.
Professor Dr. Zanariah Abdul Majid is a Professor in the Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). Currently, she is the Head of the Laboratory of Computational Sciences and Mathematical Physics at the Institute for Mathematical Research, UPM. Her area of research interest includes numerical analysis and parallel programming.


Harvard could very well get to Robert Mugabe before Boston University, and with a better offer. Harvard spent much of the 1990s secretly buying up parcels of land in Boston, through a front company, in order to facilitate the university's expansion in the twenty-first centurya subterfuge that sparked outrage among city leaders and community activists. In recent years Mugabe has made a specialty of land expropriation in the face of local opposition; what is more, he has done so in broad daylight. Harvard's new president, Lawrence Summers, might even learn a thing or two from Mugabe.


TenX is a cryptocurrency developed by a Singapore start-up. The platform allows the traders to have many innovative and competitive services.
TenX is a cryptocurrency that allows its investors to have a wallet linked to a debit card with which it is possible to make payments. The card is a real novelty that allows users to pay in cryptocurrencies objects of everyday life.
The TenX card operates on the Visa circuit and offers investors the option of paying in bitcoins, Ethereum and Dash. In the future the challenge is to extend the proposal to other virtual currencies.
At the moment it is possible to make payments with the TenX card only in the countries that have adopted: euro, US dollar and yen.


text:
Russian remote island declares emergency after 'invasion' by Polar Bears
A state of emergency has been declared in a remote Russian settlement on the Polar archipelago of Novaya Zemla after more than 50 polar bears recently rolled into town in search of food, and started wreaking havoc for the locals.
People are fearful of going outside since the aggressive bears are more than capable of mauling a human to death.
This has made daily life in the arctic village even more difficult.
Residents of the remote village are "afraid to go outside" and "daily life is in turmoil", according to Aleksandr Minayev, deputy head of the local administration.
"Parents are wary of letting children to go to schools and kindergartens," he made clear.
However, locals cannot shoot the bears because they are an endangered species. The Russian agency tasked with protecting natural resources denied a request by local officials to shoot the bears.
Zigansha Musin, the head of the local government authority, said "I have been in Novaya Zemlya since 1983, yet I've never seen such a massive polar bear invasion."
He added that the polar bears are "literally chasing people and even entering the entrances of residential buildings" as one of the videos posted to YouTube shows.
In the village, 52 polar bears have been spotted entering settlements occupied by people. There have been numerous reports of the wild animals attacking people, entering residences and offices buildings, and rooting through trash.
One official said that six to ten bears can regularly be spotted in the village proper. Schools and nurseries have filed statements saying they are worried about their security.
One resident said the bears are no longer afraid of people and have become "insolent."
"There are no more enemies. That is they became insolent. This is scary. When they walk under your window at night, it is creepy."
The town, which boasts about 2,000 residents, is mostly occupied by Russian military personnel. So far, the government in Moscow has promised to send in a team of specialists to deal with the bears.
US Republicans to introduce bill slapping Turkey with sanctions over offensive in Syria
Sara Nedev - October 11, 2019
Muslim woman in Finland: There are just too many Finns here
Pope Francis: Pandemic result of people ignoring climate change
Gorazd Velkovski - April 10, 2020


text:
News in Brief: A Washington Roundup
NAEP Test to Stress Content of Science
The science portion of the National Assessment of Educational Progress will place a greater emphasis on scientific content and facts, as opposed to the conducting of investigations, as the result of a new blueprint for the exam approved this month.
The revamped framework, or outline for science content on NAEP, will increase the proportion of questions focused on factual scientific knowledge and application to 60 percent, up from 45 percent now. The National Assessment Governing Board, the federal panel that sets NAEP policy, approved the framework Nov. 18.
Once a new science test is designed to match the framework, students in the 4th, 8th, and 12th grades will begin taking it in 2009. The current framework has been in place since 1996. For the first time, the new science test also will assess students on technological design, generally defined as the connections between science and technology, engineering, and real-world applications. Some advocates had opposed including that concept on the exam, fearing it would leave less room for the testing of core scientific principles.
The new test also covers the topic of evolution, but makes no mention of supposed alternatives to it.
By Sean Cavanagh
Vol. 25, Issue 13, Page 28
Published in Print: November 30, 2005, as NAEP Test to Stress Content of Science
rhinebeck Central School District, Rhinebeck, New York
ESE Teacher
Duval County Public Schools, Jacksonville, Florida