text:
Texas Justice on Trial
A new movie and TV show spotlight the legacy of race and injustice in the Lone Star State
Radley Balko | 5.8.2009 6:00 PM
The new movie American Violet is based on the real story of Regina Kelly, a woman from the small town of Hearne, Texas who was wrongly arrested during a drug sweep on a public housing complex. Residents say the sweeps happened every year. Cops toting big guns and dressed in SWAT gear would jump out of moving vans (and once even a helicopter) and proceed to weed out a large portion of the town's black population. In November 2000, Kelly was one of 26 arrested. All but one of them were black. She was innocent. (At first she thought she had been arrested for overdue parking tickets.)
Facing 15-20 years in jail for selling drugs in a school zone, Kelly was pressured by her public defender to take a plea that would have given her probation. Other women in the complex had already done so, including some that Kelly suspects are also innocent. She refused. Pleading guilty would have made her a felon, costing her to forfeit her housing and possibly lose custody of her children. So she waited for her trial.
Five months later the charges were dropped. During the first trial that resulted from the mass arrests, it came out that the police informant—whose word was basically the only evidence that the police had in many of the cases—had been lying. But by that point several people had already accepted plea aggrangements and been duly convicted.
Thus far American Violet has been warmly reviewed. But some critics have balked at the movie's ham-handedness, noting that the villains—the racist district attorney and the hapless public defender—come off as flat and cliched. They're right. Much of the movie does follow the worn template of the southern courtroom drama, right down to the fish-out-of-water Jewish lawyer from the American Civil Liberties Union who awkwardly arrives in town to save the day.
But there's no reason to blame screenwriter Bill Haney. That's how the story actually happened. Sure, it would be nice to show a district attorney who had learned from his mistakes, who vowed to temper his pursuit of future convictions by admitting that launching broad drug sweeps based only on the word of shady informants will sometimes result in the arrest of innocent people.
The problem is that if the film had shown that sort of character development, it would no longer be true to the story it's based on. Texas District Attorney John Paschall didn't change one bit. After dropping the charges against Kelly and the others who hadn't yet accepted plea bargains, he said he was still certain they were guilty—just as he does in the movie. He told the Dallas Morning News, "The only way I'd watch [American Violet], I'd have to be handcuffed, tied to a chair and you'd have to tape my eyes open."
If American Violet feels preachy and overbearing at times, it's because the truth itself is sometimes hard to believe. The new reality show Dallas DNA, which debuted last week on the cable network Investigation Discovery, is a good illustration. The show follows Dallas District Attorney Craig Watkins as he attempts to uncover and correct the wrongful convictions of his predecessors, most notably the longtime law-and-order legend Henry Wade.
Watkins, a former defense attorney, became Texas's first black district attorney after being swept into office in the anti-GOP backlash of 2006. He has since made national headlines by setting up what he calls a Conviction Integrity Unit, which consists of assistant district attorneys whose sole job is to work with groups like the Texas Innocence Project to find possible incidences of wrongful conviction.
In an interview with Reason last year, Watkins discussed how he's trying to purge his office of the poisonous culture that long pervaded its halls, a culture so corrupt that Watkins says prosecutors considered getting the innocent convicted as guilty to be a badge of honor—a testament to their power in the courtroom.
That might seem far-fetched until you consider that DNA testing has so far exonerated 18 people in Dallas, which is more than any other city in the country (and more than most states). And by Watkins own admission, he is really just getting started. His office is currently reviewing more than 100 other cases, and there are hundreds more to sort through. And these, of course, are only those cases for which DNA testing could be dispositive of someone's guilt.
Dallas' hang 'em high culture was uniquely oblivious to concepts like fairness and justice over the years, and the high number of exonerations is likely to rise. Consider this: Facing a budget shortfall in the the early 1980s, the county started sending its biological evidence to a private lab for storage. That evidence has been preserved, allowing Watkins' Conviction Integrity Unit to go back 30 years in search of wrongful convictions. In other jurisdictions, evidence from older cases has usually deteriorated, or has been destroyed.
Dallas DNA isn't fictionalized, but it's just as moving in places as American Violet. More notably, viewers unfamiliar with groups like the Innocence Project or with the spate of DNA exonerations we've seen over the last decade may well find parts of the show just as implausible as the more melodramatic portions of the movie.
After 40 years of "get tough on crime" rhetoric and policies, we can now clearly measure the impact on the country's criminal justice system. The sort of multi-jurisdictional drug task forces that led to the raids and wrongful arrests in Texas may have been phased out in that state, but they still thrive—complete with federal funding—in most other states. Watkins has made headlines precisely because he's such a rare specimen, a prosecutor who is actively seeking out and correcting wrongful convictions, instead of fighting like hell to preserve them.
In that sense, both Dallas DNA and American Violet have satisfying endings. You're left with the feeling that justice prevailed, even if it took a long time coming. For productions dealing with the inadequacies of the criminal justice system, that may be the most glaring "truth is stranger than fiction" moment of all.
Radley Balko is a senior editor at Reason magazine.
NEXT: Alan Keyes Is Making License Plates: Serial Candidate Arrested at Notre Dame
Radley Balko is a journalist at The Washington Post.
PolicyCriminal Justice


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In other words, being the "new kid on the block", On the Mark Images will try harder to create a portrait you'll be proud to consider a work of art.


text:
Janadesh is the name of a national campaign on land rights in India launched by the movement Ekta Parishad. The word "Janadesh" means "The Verdict of the People" in Hindi. The campaign was launched in 2005 and culminated in 2007, in the form of a 350 km foot march involving 25,000 people. According to the organizers, the majority of the marchers were landless Adivasi and Dalit.

According to Ekta Parishad the lack of secure land rights is a major contributor to rural poverty in India, and the government of India needs to undertake major land reforms to address this issue. The aim of the Janadesh campaign is to put pressure on the Indian government to undertake specific land reforms aimed at securing land rights for the poorest groups in India.

Rural poverty in India
According to a recent World Bank report poverty remains a significant problem in India, with India's progress in reducing poverty compared with some of its Asian neighbors described as 'modest'. According to the same report, poverty in India is most widespread in rural areas (where almost three out of four Indians live), and the highest incidence of poverty of all is found among the rural landless, 68% of whom are classed as living below the poverty line.
These findings are echoed in other reports on the subject. For example, Sundaram and Tendulkar found in a 2003 study of poverty in India that the highest levels of poverty were found among assetless (i.e. landless) rural households dependent on agricultural wage labor. Levels of poverty were found to be even higher among members of this group if they also belonged to either a Scheduled Tribe or Scheduled Caste.
Furthermore, although at an overall percentage level rural poverty is decreasing in India, due to population growth the absolute number of people in rural areas below the poverty line is not decreasing.

Obviously there are differing viewpoints on what measures would be most effective to alleviate poverty among these groups. According to Ekta Parishad, the single most important measure that could be taken to reduce these levels of poverty would be to grant secure land rights to small pieces of land to landless peasants, reducing their dependence on casual wage labor and providing a measure of food security.

These views are supported by research in the area. For example, Hanstad, Brown, and Prosterman suggest based on research in Karnataka and West Bengal that providing amply-sized plots of land (these can be as small as 0.05-0.15 acres in size) gives substantial benefits to landless families at relatively low costs. These benefits include increased income, increased access to credit, and increased social status. They also note that based on the land costs in their Karnataka study, the cost of a program to distribute packages of land like this to the ten million poorest families in India would be approximately 3,330 million rupees spread over ten years. By contrast, the central government's rural housing scheme has cost 15,360 million rupees per year over the past five years, whilst producing housing viewed as being of very low quality by the participants in this study. Hanstad, Brown and Prosterman also cite numerous other studies from around the world which have shown results similar to their own.

Current state of land reform in India
In Ekta Parishad's experience of campaigning across eight states in India they found that even having a land entitlement did not necessarily equate to possessing land. In fact they found that in around 50% of cases having a land entitlement had not led to possession of the land itself.

There are a number factors involved in creating this situation.

Firstly, land records, which provide the basis for land ownership, are out of date in India. The Indian government is currently working to computerize land records to improve efficiency. However, a recent report by the Asian Development Bank pointed out that, more than computerizing records, correcting them should be the priority. They note that: "It is a common observation in villages that the person in whose name land is recorded is either deceased or does not possess the land".

Secondly, according to a recent discussion paper produced by PACS, even if land records are up to date, they do not ensure security of possession. If the poor are dispossessed of their land the record of their possession itself is of little use – instead they have to go to court to establish their title. The process for establishing title is such that a wealthy opponent is able to prolong the process for years through higher courts of appeal, which the poor can ill afford. Thus the land record system is fundamentally anti-poor, and provides little protection against land grabs by wealthier land-owners. These land grabs take a variety of forms, from simple violent expulsion through to bribery of government or bank officials. It is often more than a simple question of the economic value of the land. R Srivastava argues that the landed are often not in favor of giving land to the landless since it increases their autonomy and ability to demand better wages. He also notes the wealthy landed often have substantial influence over politician and administrators at the state level.

Finally, the national government has reserved for itself substantial powers of land acquisition through the 'Land Acquisition Act' of 1984. This permits the central government to acquire any area of land that it chooses if it is in the 'public interest' to do so. However, the term 'public interest' is left undefined in this legislation, giving the government exceptionally broad powers to acquire land as and when it chooses.

Taken all together, these factors combine to create a system of land ownership which provides little security for the rural poor.

Objectives of Janadesh 2007
Based on this view of current land legislation Ekta Parishad argue that it is only through legislative action at a national level that lasting change can be achieved. Although campaigns at state level have resulted in a number of successes in terms of distributing land to the landless, there need to be major changes at the national level to create a system of land rights that protects the rights of the poor and ensures that they can actually benefit from their land.

The Janadesh campaign is seen as a means of connecting the numerous local campaigns which they are involved in into a single national campaign large enough to pressure the government into taking action.

The Janadesh 2007 campaign will culminate with a foot march by 25,000 people, mainly landless Adivasis and Dalits. The route of the march will be from Gwalior to Delhi in northern India, following the main highway (a distance of approximately 350 km). The march will set out from Gwalior on 2 October 2007 and will arrive in Delhi on 28 October 2007. This will be an act of mass non-violent civil disobedience in the tradition of Gandhi. According to Ekta Parishad, it will be the largest such action since the struggle for Indian independence.

The campaign has three specific demands around land reform. These are:

 Establishment of a National Land Authority to provide a clear statement of land utilization in India, identify the lands available for redistribution and strengthen pro-poor laws
 Establishment of fast track courts to settle past and future conflicts related to land
 Establishment of a single window system so that farmers can resolve easily and freely the land issues, without wasting time, money and energy

Ekta Parishad
The Janadesh 2007 campaign is being organized by Ekta Parishad, an organization that was formally established in 1990. According to its founder, Puthan Veetil Rajagopal, Ekta Parishad is not an NGO or a political party. It is instead a people's movement, which works at the grass-roots level to mobilize people to challenge corruption and exploitation.
Quoted in the book "Truth Force" Rajagopal states this aim: "What I am trying to do, through Ekta Parishad, is to help people to understand that they can be leaders of the country". Ekta Parishad are particularly focused on land and livelihood issues amongst marginalized communities (such as Dalits and Adivasis) in rural India and are active in eight Indian states (Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Kerala), and in direct contact with around 4000 villages.

There are two main components to Ekta Parishad's work – the struggle component and constructive work.

The struggle component involves mobilizing people to take part in various forms of non-violent resistance such as Padyatras (foot marches), Dharnas (sit-ins), Gheraos (preventing unjust incidents from taking place by encircling people who wield power), and Chakka jam (road blockades) to press for their land rights. This is based on the Gandhian tradition of non-violent resistance.

The constructive work focuses on running economic and development activities alongside the land rights struggle, with the intention of allowing villages that have gained land to become economically self-sufficient. These activities include:
 Providing spaces for the sale of village produce (e.g. handicrafts, khadi, honey, rice, oil) in urban centers;
 Promoting agricultural development through organic farming methods and cultivation of herbal plants for medicinal purposes;
 Development of irrigation schemes, and small-scale economic programs like running shops, grain banks, fishery, poultry and goat rearing.

Gallery

References
World Bank, India: Achievements and Challenges in Reducing Poverty, World Bank Country Study, 1997
K Sundaram, Suresh Tendulkar, Poverty among Social and Economic Groups in India in 1990s, Economic and Political Weekly, 13 December 2003
T Hanstad, J Brown, R Prosterman, Larger Homestead Plots as Land Reform?, Economic and Political Weekly, 20 July 2002
Towards a Peoples Land Policy, PACS Discussion Paper, 2007
R S Deshpande, Emerging Issues in Land Policy, Asian Development Bank Policy Brief, 2007
R S Srivatava, Land Reforms, Employment and Poverty in India, 2006
H Drakakis, Truth Force: The Land Rights Movement in India, 2003

External links
 The Janadesh website (English)
 The Janadesh website (French)
 The Ekta Parishad website
 Articles by 'Peuples Solidaires' on Janadesh
 'Land for Life' march in support of Janadesh
 The involvement of the 'Confédération paysanne' for Janadesh
 Trilingual Belgian march in support of Janadesh from 19 to 21 oct.
 The newsletter of Solifonds (June 2007) dedicated to Janadesh
 'Solidarité', French NGO present Janadesh
 'Action Village India', a UK partner of Ekta Parishad
 Detailed article about Rajagopal and related video interview of José Bové.

Agriculture in India
Nonviolence
Rural development in India

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Spotlight on Sevenoaks
PUBLISHED: 10:53 05 April 2013 | UPDATED: 21:24 05 April 2013
Sevenoaks and its nearby villages form a richly rewarding area for visitors interested in history, country walks and culture
10 good reasons to visit Sevenoaks
Sevenoaks and its nearby villages form a richly rewarding area for visitors interested in history, country walks and culture- here are 10 good reasons to visitthe area
Antiques and Ightham
Brasted is a mecca for lovers of antiquities, with about a dozen antique shops, plus a single winding street packed with 18th-century houses, a compact village green and a row of Tudor cottages. Ightham is famous for Ightham Mote (01732 810378, TN15 0NT), the magnificent 1300s era moated manor house now owned by the National Trust. The villages centre has some lovely half-timbered and tile-hung houses and its where youll find the source of the River Bourne.
Stars and views
Otford, with its quirky listed duckpond, has the remains of an Archbishops Palace, and the Otford Solar System, a full-scale representation of the positions of our planets, constructed as a millennium project. Note also Otford Heritage Centre (01959 523140, TN4 5PG), an interesting museum which shows changing displays of Otford past and present. Ide Hill is on one of the highest points of a sandstone ridge, with a sloping village green and stunning views across Bough Beech reservoir.
Shop until you drop
Indulge your passion is the catchphrase coined by Bligh Meadow Shopping Centre, a delightful, upmarket shopping centre in the heart of Sevenoaks with more than 35 stores. As well as household names, there are also plenty of other smaller independents (note the irresistible Chocolate Shop on London Road), in addition to many appealing little cafs and restaurants.
Deer and tapestries
Knole House (01732 462100, TN13 1HU) is a wonderful stately home within a medieval deer park where sika and fallow deer roam free. There are 13 fine staterooms, furnished in 17th-century style, with tapestries and paintings by Van Dyke, Reynolds and Gainsborough, plus a shop, the Brewhouse tearoom and a childrens trail. On 2 April theres an Easter trail for children and walks here are a delight at al times of year.
Woodland and wildlife
Sevenoaks Wildlife Reserve (TN13 3DH) is an interesting nature reserve where water and land are in equal proportions. There are five lakes, woodlands, reed beds and ponds, plus plenty of unusual birds (lapwing, moorhen, coot, varieties of geese, siskin and more), as well as rare plants, fungi and other wildlife. The visitor centre has displays on the history of the site, its creation, habitats and wildlife, and theres a gift shop and tea bar.
Ancient stones
The southern end of Sevenoaks High Street was admired by architectural historian Nicklaus Pevsner, who said that here there were more worthwhile buildings than in almost any other street in the country. Among these gems are The Old Vicarage (1700s) The Chantry (1600s), The Manor House, and St Nicholas Church (dating from the 13th century). Theres also a very interesting row of old cottages in Six Bells Lane, plus Outrams, a fine 1400s building.
What a Shambles
The Shambles is a spacious enclosed yard with a decorative wall mural and three-dimensional sculpture set into the side of a building, reached by passing under an ancient timber beam across the road above a cobbled alleyway. The Vine cricket ground is the oldest one in Britain and in the adjoining Vine Gardens are two of the original 1902 oaks, plus the six replacement trees planted in 1987 after the hurricane damage.
The many fine restaurants include: Gavin Gregg (01732 456373, TN13 1HX), The House on the Hill (01732 450120, TN13 1BH), The Vine (01732 469510, TN13 3TB), The Checkers (01732 450144, TN13 1LD), Loch Fyne Sevenoaks (01732 467140, TN13 1JY). Italian: Strada (01732 461706, TN13 1LL) and Valentina (01732 469349, TN13 1UX),
The Stag Community Arts Centre (01732 450175, TN13 1ZZ) houses The Stag Theatre (with the largest performance stage in the south east), The Plaza Suite, a performance venue for theatre gigs and events, and two cinemas, plus a theatre bar/daytime caf and The Stag Art Gallery Wall, where local artists can display their work. Shows this month include the musical Chess (10 April), a concert by the Sons of Cream (11 April) and comedy show Call me Crazy (20 April).
Himalayas in the Weald
Riverhill Himalayan Gardens (01732 459777, TN15 0RR) are 10 acres of spectacular landscape with amazing views out across the Weald. You can enjoy bluebell walks and the vista of rhododendrons, azaleas and primroses. This place is ideal for children, as theres a full programme of family fun activities, which include den building, spot the yeti, a Himalayan hedge maze, and little Everest viewpoint, an elevated vantage point from where you can see for 20 miles. Riverhill caf and a shop.
Sevenoaks is between Orpington and Tunbridge Wells, about 19 miles from central London. Its on the A225, accessed by either the A25 or the A21, the latter leading to junction 5 of the M25. Excellent rail services to London.
Satnav postcode: TN13 1LQ
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Constructor of a derived class (Java) I'm very new in Java, and about to ask a fundamental question. Hope you guys could help me. Supposed I have a base classe Super and a derived class Sub, which inheritances from class Super as follows:
public class TestSuperSub {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Super ou = new Sub(5,10);
  }
}

class Super {
  Super() {
    System.out.println("Super()");
  }

  Super(int x, int y) {
    System.out.println("Super(int, int)");
  }
}

class Sub extends Super {
   public Sub(int x, int y) {
      System.out.println("Sub(int, int)");
   }
}

The output is
Super()
Sub(int, int)

I understand, that ou calls Sub::Sub(int,int) and therefore, Sub(int, int) is printed. But why is Super() printed, since Super::Super() hasn't never been called?
Could someone please explain it to me.
Thanks a lot!
Cheers

A: By default, Java will call the no-arg constructor of a super class unless you explicitly call another constructor. If you want to call Super(int, int), you must call it explicitly:
public Sub(int x, int y) {
  super(x, y);
  System.out.println("Sub(int, int)");
}

A: When you instantiate a class, all the superclass hierarchy must also be instantiated and it will be done so through the null constructors automatically available for each class.
The following code
public class Superclassing {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new C();
    }

    Superclassing() {   System.out.println("super");    }
}

class A extends Superclassing {

    A() {   System.out.println("A");    }
}

class B extends A {

    B() {   System.out.println("B");    }
}

class C extends B {

    C() {   System.out.println("C");    }
}

outputs
super
A
B
C

It is done so by design as mentioned in Skeet's answer and also here (oddly, it is mentioned before it is explained in 8.8.7):
JLS 8.8.3. Constructor Modifiers

The lack of native constructors is an arbitrary language design choice
  that makes it easy for an implementation of the Java Virtual Machine
  to verify that superclass constructors are always properly invoked
  during object creation.

(emphasis mine.)

A:
But why is Super() printed, since Super::Super() hasn't never been called?

It has, because your Sub constructor is implicitly calling it. It's as if you'd written:
public Sub(int x, int y) {
   super();
   System.out.println("Sub(int, int)");
}

From section 8.8.7 of the JLS:

The first statement of a constructor body may be an explicit invocation of another constructor of the same class or of the direct superclass (§8.8.7.1).
...
It is a compile-time error for a constructor to directly or indirectly invoke itself through a series of one or more explicit constructor invocations involving this.
If a constructor body does not begin with an explicit constructor invocation and the constructor being declared is not part of the primordial class Object, then the constructor body implicitly begins with a superclass constructor invocation "super();", an invocation of the constructor of its direct superclass that takes no arguments.

If you want to call a different superclass constructor, you need to do that implicitly. When you call a subclass constructor, that will always work its way up through the inheritance hierarchy, executing the body of the superclass constructor before the subclass constructor... indeed, even field initializers in the subclass are only run after the superclass constructor.

A: Its the very basic fundamental concept in Java. Its the magic of super keyword and constructor chaining.
Go through these links. Hope this would help you understand the concept.
http://docstore.mik.ua/orelly/java-ent/jnut/ch03_04.htm
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/IandI/super.html

A: By Default in constructor of sub class
the first line is call base class default constructor (implicitly) if no constructor is mentioned that is **

super();

**
if you write

super(x,y);

then other constructor will be called
Note : First line of constructor is to call base class constructor.
if there is no super class then Object  class's constructor is called

A: class A{
A(){
    System.out.println("no-arg constructor in A");
}

A(int a){
    System.out.println("parameterized constructor in A");
}
}

class B extends A{
B(){

    System.out.println("no-arg constructor in B");
}

B(int b){
            //by default during compilation super() keyword will be added in first line of this constructor
    System.out.println("paramterized constructor in B");
}

}
public class TestDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
    B aVar = new B(10);
    aVar = new B();

}

}

Output:
  // output for first object i.e, new B(10)
   no-arg constructor in A
   paramterized constructor in B
  //output for second object i.e, new B()
   no-arg constructor in A
   no-arg constructor in B

A super() keyword will be add by default by the compiler during compilation depending on the Object that u create in main method.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
World Trademark Review 1000 2021
The World's Leading Trademark Professionals - a unique guide that identifies the top trademark professionals in key jurisdictions around the globe. The WTR 1000 focuses exclusively on trademark practice and has firmly established itself as the definitive 'go-to' resource for those seeking world-class legal trademark expertise.
Uganda is becoming an increasingly significant player on the global IP stage. It has lately seen an uptick in inbound investment from global powers such as China, resulting in increased registration, franchising and licensing activity. In addition, the Uganda Registration Services Bureau (URSB) has joined the EU Intellectual Property Office...
Uganda is becoming an increasingly significant player on the global IP stage. It has lately seen an uptick in inbound investment from global powers such as China, resulting in increased registration, franchising and licensing activity. In addition, the Uganda Registration Services Bureau (URSB) has joined the EU Intellectual Property Office TMclass and DesignClass systems, enhancing harmonisation and further heightening foreign interest in the jurisdiction. Uganda has also been gaining stature as an exporter of trademark work.


text:
Mermentau é uma vila localizada no estado americano de Luisiana, na Paróquia de Acádia.

Demografia
Segundo o censo americano de 2000, a sua população era de 721 habitantes.
Em 2006, foi estimada uma população de 713, um decréscimo de 8 (-1.1%).

Geografia
De acordo com o United States Census Bureau tem uma área de
5,9 km², dos quais 5,5 km² cobertos por terra e 0,4 km² cobertos por água. Mermentau localiza-se a aproximadamente 2 m acima do nível do mar.

Localidades na vizinhança
O diagrama seguinte representa as localidades num raio de 20 km ao redor de Mermentau.

Ligações externas

Cidades da Luisiana


At around six months of age, your child may engage in glass-shattering screaming fits and it isn't out of hunger or losing their favourite toy -- it's the dreaded teething period. The process isn't called 'cutting a tooth' for nothing -- the pain of new teeth piercing through the gums will be unlike anything they have experienced so far, so it's important to do what you can to soothe your child.
Here are a few tips to help ease your baby through the teething process.
There's a reason why children begin to chew everything in sight during teething -- they're trying to relieve pain from their swollen and inflamed gums. Thankfully, good quality teething toys make a far better alternative to daddy's fingers, mummy's hair or the cat's tail, so be sure to give your baby a range of soft and colourful teething rings and toys to experiment with instead.
As soon as your baby's first tooth appears, arrange a visit with your dentist. This can be anytime within six months of their first tooth appearing, but no later than your child's first birthday. The earlier you can take your child for their first dental inspection, the quicker they can develop clean, healthy oral habits that may help to reduce their discomfort.
It's a good idea to schedule a morning appointment for your baby's first check-up since this is when they are more likely to be restful and cooperative. A dentist like Kooringal Dental Surgery may discuss things like finger-sucking habits and the use of a pacifier (if applicable), helping to provide you with the best tips on daily oral care based on your child's habits and coping mechanisms.
Babies don't only need to contend with the physical pain of teeth coming through -- there are many other symptoms of teething that can make life a misery during these months. Because of the new changes and the increased amount of saliva produced during teething, it can be common for your child to have a decreased appetite, stomach upset and sleeping trouble (hence the 4 am wake-up calls).
While not every child will display these symptoms, they are entirely normal during teething and can be aided by feeding your baby teething friendly foods or else engaging in different, fun activities when they refuse to eat as a distraction from the pain.
As above-mentioned, the increased amounts of saliva can cause extra discomfort when it comes to your baby drooling. In drooling so often on themselves, babies can often develop a rash on their cheeks, chin, neck or chest from the saliva's frequent contact with the skin. Baby lotions can clear this up, but you should make sure you always have flannels and face cloths handy to keep them dry and comfortable. Also, ensure their skin is properly dried and moisturised after bath time.
The spoon trick: Put a spoon in the fridge for a few hours and let your child gnaw on it 'till their heart's content. The cold metal will feel great against inflamed little gums.
Massage therapy: Gentle pressure on their gums can help relieve a little discomfort. Using a clean finger, try rubbing it softly across your baby's gum line.
For budget teething toys, some foods can make an effective substitute: Try a frozen banana, a peeled carrot, a bagel or a wedge of apple. When chilled in the fridge for a couple of hours, these three can be great for your baby to chew on, providing cool and soothing relief from the terrors of teething.


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The Level Cap has increased to 16!
Player characters that have been rendered unconscious but have stabilized will slowly regenerate health until they wake up at one hit point. Warforged auto-stabilize and repair to one hit point after one minute of remaining inert. Humanoid characters will regenerate at a rate of one hit point every six seconds, starting thirty seconds after stabilization.
You can now use the command "/resloc" to find out where you will resurrect when you die.
Favored Enemy: Orc can now be taken during character generation by rangers.
You will now be notified when a player picks up your soulstone with a message and alert: "Your soulstone has been picked up by ."
Torel the Wizard can no longer sit and spin while using rest shrines.
An adjustment has been made to ranged combat to prevent players from missing the target when it is moving in certain ways.
When struck by a critical, the visual effects will only play once a second instead of each time, to help with the frame rate.
Traps are nastier on Hard and Elite, and more forgiving on Solo difficulty. Detection and disable difficulties are unchanged.
The Mail UI now has two separate lists of mail. Confirmed mail - Mail sent by the game (ie auction mail), alt characters, current friends, current guildmates, and admins. Unconfirmed mail - Mail from players who are not currently on your friends list or in your guild. There is also a "Delete All" button which allows you to delete all unconfirmed mail.
You can no longer send mail to character who have you squelched.
Rest Shrines on landscape, solo, and normal difficulties are now reusable. Landscape and Normal difficulty rest shrines reset after fifteen minutes, Solo difficulty rest shrines reset after five minutes.
The new Mail UI tab labels will indicate if they contain unopened mail (with an asterisk) or mail with an attachment (with an exclamation point).
The Twelve has unearthed a pair of ancient altars that exhibit the curious ability to bind objects to their owner when the item is placed upon the stone with several Khyber Dragonshard Fragments. One such stone has been placed next to the Lordsmarch Bank in the Marketplace, the other is just outside the base of the Twelve's tower. These devices are known to have other VAST and MYSTERIOUS powers, which will be revealed after further research. [You can now bind any object you desire by using the Stone of Change. Place your item within the device along with a stack of Khyber Dragonshard Fragments and activate the device. Items with higher minimum level requirements to equip require more Khyber Dragonshard Fragments to bind.] For an official beginner's guide to the eldritch device, click here.
Additional altars have been discovered in various locations. It is suspected that these altars are powerful tools to create new items and upgrade the effects on these items. More research is needed to learn just exactly what these altars can do and how they work.
The attack progress has been adjusted as follows: +0, +0, +5, +10, +10. For one handed weapons and dual wielders the 5th attack is the same speed as attack 4 so we are in good shape with them. For two handed weapons, we have added a glancing attack on the fifth attack. If they have superior two handed fighting, that will give them 2 glancing attacks for swing #5.
Bringing up the enhancement panel will now remove players from mouse-look mode.
Examination tooltips now appear when hovering over the text of an item in a "choose your rewards" window and chests.
Guild login and logout messages will now show up in the chat window. You can turn these messages off via a new option under the UI tab in the Options UI.
A button has been added allowing the player to clear the selected quest.
If a player has made changes to their party criteria and closes the panel, they will be asked if they wish to apply the changes before the menu is closed.
The "Update my party" button will no longer be ghosted initially. Clicking this button will auto-select the "Advertise my party" check box.
When clicking in the 3D world after typing in the chat window, the game will now recognize your change in focus, while also preserving the text you typed.
Critical spell hits now show up larger in the floaty text.
The release button in the death dialog will now be grayed out for 3 seconds after death to prevent accidentally releasing.
The summary page of advancement will now show an abbreviated version of an advanced ability score rather then using the elements from the ability selection page.
The Bid and Buyout buttons in the auction house now have confirmation dialog boxes.
The user interface (UI) can now be re-skinned and customized by editing or applying user created skins.
Blocking damage reduction is now displayed in the inventory (equipped weapons) panel.
Stats that change when you are moving (Such as attack stats) will now be displayed on the fly in the inventory/equipped weapon window to prevent confusion. You'll now see the numbers changing when you start and stop moving.
Confirmation dialogs should correctly put your mouse in cursor mode if you are in t-mode.
The XP debt, death penalty has been changed to a friendlier, equipment damage/death sickness system.
Added a "Sell Gems" button to the sell window of vendors which buy gems. Hitting this button will sell all unsecured gems in your inventory as well as all gems contained in all of your gem bags.
Collectible and gem bags will now appear in the Miscellaneous category of the auction house.
Deals 1d6 per caster level (max 25d6) cold damage to an enemy with a ray of freezing ice and air.
Casts Cure Critical Wounds on multiple targets. Positive energy is channeled to heal critical wounds of allies or damage undead for 4d8 +1 per caster level (max +20). Undead who make a successful Will save reduce the damage by half.
Deals 1d6 per caster level (max 20d6) damage to living targets by evaporating moisture from their bodies. Deals 1d8 per caster level (max 20d8) damage to water subtype outsiders and plants.
Casts Inflict Critical Wounds on multiple targets at range inflicting 4d8 +1 per caster level (max +20) damage or healing undead a like amount. A successful Will save reduces the damage by half.
At your touch, enemies feel an irresistible urge to dance and begin doing so, complete with foot shuffling and tapping. The spell makes it impossible for the enemy to do anything other than caper and prance in place.
Emits an ear-splitting yell that deafens and deals 10d6 sonic damage and stuns targets in its path. A successful Fortitude save halves the damage and negates the stun.
Summons a bezekira to fight for you for a brief time. Casting this spell locks out casting any other Summon Monster spell for 8 minutes.
Forces a creature's life force and its material body into a gem on a failed Will save. Although this essentially 'kills' the target, it is not a death effect and functions on creatures such as undead (but not most constructs). This spell requires a khyber dragonshard as a special material component, and can affect creatures of up to 30 hit dice.
Grants a +4 Sacred bonus to level for the purposes of turning undead.
One creature with 600 or fewer current hit points is blinded.
One creature with 450 or fewer current hit points is stunned.
Grants one ally per caster level a +10 enhancement bonus to Swim, plus one per two caster levels.
Enlarges the hands of the caster, granting a +2 size bonus to Strength and damage.
The caster gains proficiency with all simple and martial weapons for one minute per caster level.
You scribe a potent rune of power in the air. When the symbol is activated by a target approaching, one or more nearby targets are whose combined hit point totals do not exceed 150 hp are killed. A successful save negates this effect. A symbol will persist for about 5 minutes until triggered. Once triggered, a symbol's power begins to wane. A symbol will dissipate 20 seconds after first being triggered.
A Paladin's Aura of Courage will no longer cause various other spell effects to repeat over and over. The Aura of Courage bonus has also been changed to a Sacred Bonus to Will Saves vs. Fear, and as such, will stack with Morale effects.
Acid Rain now uses a normal "attack spell" animation instead of the one associated with summons and lingering clouds.
Touch of Idiocy no longer permits Heighten, as it has no save.
Stone to Flesh can no longer be cast on "self", since statues are rarely capable of casting spells.
Cure Wounds spells, including the Mass Cures, can no longer be Heightened as Clerics can already freely cast the higher level versions of those spells and are the ones most likely to use them as offensive spells against Undead. Note that the Heal spell is unaffected by this change as there are more circumstances under which you may wish to Heighten the spell.
Freedom of Movement will now protect against the Crippling weapon effect. This change will include some monsters with wards that are similar to Freedom of Movement.
Self targeting spells should no longer ever be "blocked".
The Holy Sword spell now creates Holy Burst weapons rather than Holy weapons.
Shocking Grasp can no longer be Heightened, as it has no save.
Silver Flame members that cast Restoration on people in taverns will now properly always remove negative levels with the spell.
After further testing, Charm Monster Mass has been temporarily removed from this release for further development.
The spell effect icon for Potions of Wonder ability Wondrous Power will no longer be an image of tasty ham. Sorry Kargon.
Spell exchange costs have been standardized at (Character Level ^2) * Spell Level * 100 gold pieces.
Halt Undead now uses the correct save DC.
modifier for your will saves.
Benefit: Picks the highest modifier between your intelligence and your dexterity modifier for your reflex saves.
Special: Fighters may select Over sized Two-Weapon Fighting as one of their Fighter bonus feats.
You automatically stabilize when incapacitated. Level 3 Rangers gain the Diehard feat for free.
Improved precise shot is now a toggle feat and can be performed with untargeted shots.
Barbarians now possess a new ability in the feats section of their character sheet. "Dismiss Rage" can be used at any time to prematurely end their barbarian rage. Note that you will still be subject to fatigue from your rage, and it functions only on the barbarian class ability - you cannot dismiss any other rage like effects.
Skill Mastery: A rogue with this ability gains +1 to all skills. This ability may be taken multiple times.
Rogues now can choose which special ability (Improved Evasion, Crippling Strike, Defensive Roll, Slippery Mind (Note: see known issues) or Skill Mastery) they desire when they reach levels 10, 13, or 16 rather than having one automatically assigned to them. In addition, Rogues can now swap these special abilities for others as if they were feats.
Crippling strike now occurs with ranged sneak attacks using bows, crossbows, and thrown weapons.
The intimidate skill has always factored in the size of your target. You get a bonus when attempting to intimidate creatures that are smaller than you and get a penalty against creatures that are larger than you. The description for this skill now explains this.
Greater two weapon fighting now enables an extra left hand attack hook while standing, making it more consistent with mobile attacks.
The deepwood sniper enhancement is an active feat that lets you let loose your next shot with an arrow that has +4 to hit, +1 to critical threat range, and +1 to the critical damage multiplier. This ability can be performed every 10 seconds and works in conjunction with many shot, improved precise shot, and whatever bow/arrow effects are in play.
Benefit: Grants 20 spell points and the ability to conjure +1 returning arcane arrows at will. Also grants the ability to make a ranged attack as a True Strike with a +20 bonus to hit.
Prereqs: Ranger level 9, Ranger Arcane Archer I.
Benefit: Your conjured arrows now possess a +2 enhancement bonus.
Prereqs: Ranger level 12, Ranger Arcane Archer II.
Benefit: Your conjured arrows now possess a +3 enhancement bonus.
Prereqs: Ranger level 15, Ranger Arcane Archer III.
Benefit: Your conjured arrows now possess a +4 enhancement bonus.
Prereqs: Ranger level 18, Ranger Arcane Archer IV.
Benefit: Your conjured arrows now possess a +5 enhancement bonus.
Prereqs: Elf level 11, Elven Arcane Archer I.
Prereqs: Elf level 14, Elven Arcane Archer II.
Prereqs: Elf level 17, Elven Arcane Archer III.
Prereqs: Elf level 20, Elven Arcane Archer IV.
Prereqs: Ranger 6, Point Blank Shot, Weapon Focus: Ranged, Ranger Hide 2, Ranger Move Silently 2, Ranger Spot 2.
Benefit: Grants a +1 bonus to Hide, Move Silently, and Spot. Also grants the ability to take an aimed 'sniper shot' with a +4 bonus to hit, +1 critical threat range, and +1 critical threat multiplier.
Prereqs: Ranger 6, Two Weapon Fighting, Improved Two Weapon Fighting, Dodge, Mobility, Spring Attack.
Benefit: Grants a stacking bonus to dual wield attack speed and a +2 bonus to armor class while dual wielding.
Many enhancement descriptions have been clarified to reduce confusion about their benefits.
The Bard enhancement "Music of the Dead" is now trainable at level 6 instead of level 7.
Reduced the cost of Paladin Improved Lay on Hands and Rally enhancements.
Each rank of Paladin Extra Remove Disease grants two additional uses of Remove Disease instead of one.
At Ranger levels 9, 12, 15, and 18 or Elf levels 11, 14, 17, and 20, additional enhancements are available to increase the power of your conjured arcane arrows to +2/+3/+4/+5.
The Ranger Extra Empathy line of enhancements will now grant extra uses of Improved Wild Empathy as well.
For all normal chests, players who are not in the dungeon at the time the chest is opened with not get loot from the chest and will not be able to have loot re-assigned to them. For all raid chests, players who are not in the dungeon at the time the raid boss is killed will not have loot generated for them and cannot have loot re-assigned to them.
An issue with thrown weapons not dealing appropriate damage and not having appropriate to hit rolls has been fixed.
Bashing damage from the shield Ward of Undeath is now flagged as Good.
Blessed Cold Iron Khopeshes, Blessed Cold Iron Mauls and Blessed Cold Iron Heavy Picks will now always be sold at the Divine Reagent vendor in Feather Fall's Apothecary. House Jorasco.
A problem with UMD devices becoming unequipped when logging in has been fixed.
When an item is unequipped while a character is offline, (because a spell wore off, for example.) the item will no longer appear as if it is still equipped.
Corrected issues with Everbright effect and weapons made of special materials (adamantine, mithril etc.). These weapons should all now have full time protection from item wear caused by rust and acid.
Critical hit effects on weapons were preventing in certain rare circumstances sneak attack damage from applying. This has been fixed.
Darkweave Armor and Darkleaf Breastplates can now be found in treasure chests throughout Xendrik.
Various barkskin potions have been added to the random potion treasure drops.
Rapid reload now affects repeating crossbows.
Great Crossbows now deal 2d8 damage, with a 18-20/x2 critical threat range. This should be retroactive to all existing Great Crossbows.
Reducing a character's Charisma will now only reduce that character's Turn Undead Attempts if the current number of attempts is greater than the new maximum number of attempts.
Items that are bound no longer take permanent damage when repaired. The chance for unbound items to take permanent damage when repaired has been cut in half.
There are now bags available for spell components and eldrich device ingredients, which work similarly to the collectible bags.
NEW Putting a collectable into and taking it out of a small collectible bag will no longer unbind the bag.
Zawabi now checks to see if he can give you the demon queen raid quest before taking your items.
A banker has been added to Zawabi's Refuge.
A troglodyte in Freshen the Air had not been scaling correctly with the difficulty level. This has been fixed.
Beholders will no longer emit any beams while petrified.
Charmed and summoned monsters now make noise detectable by other monsters as if they were players.
Creatures will now only display "Zzz's" if they are magically compelled to sleep.
Elemental arrows fired by monsters are now less flashy, but should no longer bog your client down when encountered in large numbers.
The hill giant seers in Madstone Crater now have an immunity to charm affects because in certain circumstances being charmed could break their scripting. Now, they can't be charmed and will always pay attention to when the enchanter controlling them dies and will then become allies.
Fixed a case where some of Whisperdoom's Daughters would sometimes not spawn, thereby preventing progress.
Further reduced the rate at which incorporeal enemies phase on hit to about a third of the rate it was at before.
Monsters now have a better understanding of the world around them know what to do around doors and some area of effect spells.
Monsters will no longer fight over each other when they're all trying to get to the same place at the same time.
Made various improvements to patrolling creatures.
Starting in Module 6, the hard and elite monsters in new quests at very high level (CR 16 and up) will be getting tougher as their starting CR rises. Hard will become increasingly more difficult and elite will become a real challenge. Be prepared to start facing some particularly tough bosses on elite CR 16 and higher quests.
When stunned, Ogre Magi will be so stunned they can no longer move around.
When dazed, monsters will be so dazed they can no longer attack.
Monsters won't play their special death animations for elements they do not take damage from.
Doomsphere's are now immune to Critical hits as they are undead creatures.
The "Source of Evil" will now be found when entering the Beholder's room, instead of when approaching him.
The Wizard's Stones can no longer be deleted.
Haywire's Voice is no longer bound on acquire and will drop on death and leaving the dungeon.
A crafty Hobgoblin trap is now a bit easier to find. This does not mean it's any easier to disable. Note also that on higher difficulty levels, it may still be incredibly difficult to spot.
Improved the pathing of the Arcane Oozes in this quest.
The quest will no longer care if Coyle enters the room before you do.
The battery receptors will now still give their battery to a player who happen to be encumbered. This item will go into an overflow slot of the players inventory is full.
Some of the Sarcophagi had no sound, and have now been fixed.
Replaced two missing Sarcophagi in the dungeon.
Female drow will now have purple skin and white hair, always.
The drop gate in the dragon's cell will now permanently close after 10 seconds.
NEW The dragon raises another barrier after you complete his puzzle.
The three trials contained within the Black Abbot raid no longer need to all be completed in a single teleport pass.
The Black Abbot will now send you back to the three trials if you have not yet beaten them, rather than simply continuing the battle immortal.
The Black Abbot should no longer hit you with telekenesis while you are in another room.
On rare occasion a wraith that had Turn Undead on it would flee through a closed gate, like the undead chicken that it is, preventing the quest from being finished. All such gates now automatically open after two minutes so that you can complete the quest now.
Music and ambiance has been added to the wannabe resort.
Multi-class paladins and barbarians will now always be able to respec their feats without crashing their client.
Using the "Sell Gems" button will now properly report your earnings instead of stating that you didn't sell anything.
Fixed issues with greater teleport.
Fixed a series of stuck spots in the Flesh Maker quest that players were being pushed into by some clever air elementals.
Fixed an issue that would cause two secret doors in low road to occasionally break.
In the Maze of Madness, a certain trap's control box has been rotated so that it faces forward.
The optionals relating to disabling the traps now work in Missing in Action.
Detaching currency from auction mail will now properly auto delete the mail.
Some items which were not marked as magical, such as a Minor Kinetic Lore Scepter, will now have the blue magical item background on it's icon.
Spells should now appear in proper alphabetical order in spell lists.
The touch of the Avatar of Jubilex will no longer make Warforged sick to their stom... err... uhh inner workings.
Sound transitions in the Necropolis will no longer be so harsh.
Landscape music will now continue playing after engaging in combat in the Necropolis Plains.
Silent areas in Tempest's Spine will now have music and ambiance.
There are now fewer places in the public areas of Gianthold to get stuck.
Fixed a trap in Foundation of Discord that wouldn't turn off if you disabled the control box.
In some situations, an unlabeled XP bonus was erroneously applied to quest XP. This has been removed. To compensate for the possible loss of XP, the minimum and maximum bonus for disabling traps, finding secret doors, and smashing breakables has been increased. [from max 10] to 15 percent.
On solo difficulty level, adventures now give 80% of the XP of an adventure on Normal instead of 50%.
Certain optionals and encounter quests in Restless Isles were not being properly marked as completed, but now they will.
A trap box in Gwynland's Stand is now usable.
In some cases, item icons would not update correctly resulting in either an incorrect background or missing the indicator that your character cannot use the item. This has been fixed.
The Black Abbot's "Touch of Dolurrh" has been renamed "Deathgrip of Dolurrh".
In examination, the attack and damage mods were not showing the player's enhanced ability scores. This has been corrected to show the mod of the current ability score of the player.
Players exiting the lighthouse on Ataraxia's Haven should no longer automatically fall from the lighthouse.
The Black Prophecy book item now has text!
Monsters in the Orc lair were having difficulty opening one of their doors to ambush players. They have oiled up the hinges so that the door now works properly.
The residents of Kundarak have grown tired of fishing out adventurers from the chasm, so they have enacted magic to prevent people from falling in.
A ladder in Vault of Night had been..."cut short" by a missplaced warrior's blade. It has now been replaced with a ladder of the proper length.
In Tangleroot Gorge, Chief Ungurz will now always advance the "Seeking Chief Ungurz" quest when you talk to him, even if you waited to get the quest from Eremic until you were halfway through the Splinterskull Story Arc.
Decoration objects and invisible barriers to keep players from getting stuck will no longer affect targeting in adverse ways, resulting in fewer "ceiling shots" by archers and spell casters.
Many Many Many stuck spots have been fixed throughout the entire game.
The gate from the market to the harbor now displays the correct crest, and the pranksters responsible for changing it have been assigned public service work cleaning the sewers for their efforts.
Those darn kids replaced the Harbor crest on the door from Cerulean Hills with the Deneith crest. We have replaced the crest and sentenced the pranksters to still more community service cleaning up the sewers.
Previously, getting hit repeatedly by the black abbot's "encase" ability would intermittently cause some other effects to be stuck on you permanently (staying through resting, death, etc, removable only by logout/login). This should no longer happen.
NEW Many improvements have been made to our launcher in order to provide better compatibility with Windows Vista. Click here for more information.
NEW A resurrection exploit has been fixed.
NEW The final vampire room in the cursed crypt will now seal upon completion.
NEW The fire walls in Litany of the Dead had been mistakenly left in a state that could be turned off and on by players. This has been fixed.
NEW The lever in The Reaver's Fate will now teleport captive soul stones to the central chamber rather than raising people at minimal health in a potentially elemental-filled area.


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Erika De La Cruz
San Diego Film Festival
by Erika De La Cruz on 15th February, 2016
This year's San Diego Film Festival kicked off with the US Premeire of Septembers of Shiraz starring Adrien Brody and Selma Hayek. The story set the stage for this year's theme- social justice.
Brody welcomed the crowd to Opening Night of the festival and ended the screening with a heart-felt Q&A session hosted by acclaimed film critic, Jeffrey Lyons.
One of this year's cute, quirky, independent films was Moments of Clarity, written and directed by Kristen Wallace. The filmed featured two strong female leads, depicted by both Wallace and actress, Lyndsy Fonseca. The cast came together for an exciting and humorous Q&A following the screening.
About Erika De La Cruz
Erika De La Cruz is a Media & TV Personality, specializing in On-camera, Runway & Radio Hosting. She is a San Diego State University Alum, with a background in Red-Carpet, Film & Fashion.
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text:
Inspirational Quotations by Philip Sidney (English Soldier, Poet, Courtier)
Sir Philip Sidney (1554–86) was an English poet, courtier, diplomat, and soldier. A favorite of Elizabeth I, he was the archetype of Renaissance chivalry—he was the perfect courtier and the universal gentleman. All his works were published posthumously. He strongly influenced English poetry through such works as Arcadia (1590,) a pastoral prose romance that included poems in a mixture of verse forms.
Born in Penshurst Place, Kent, Sidney tried nearly all his life to procure a military or court post, without much success. He instead poured his energies into writing, and in his late 20s, produced the first English sonnet sequence Astrophel and Stella (1591,) a series of passionate love poems for the wife of another man. Widely judged Elizabethan England's great sonnet cycle, this series begins with these words: "Fool! said my muse to me, look in thy heart, and write." 20 years later, Sidney's style inspired Shakespeare's sonnets. Sidney also wrote The Defence of Poesie (1595,) the first work of literary criticism in English.
Sidney was also a courtier—he held the ceremonial position of "cupbearer to the Queen"—and a statesman, serving several diplomatic missions abroad. When defending the Netherlands against Spain, Sidney was fatally wounded at the blockade of Zutphen. Legend holds that, although weak from loss of blood himself, he passed his water bottle to another soldier who had fought with him, saying, "Thy necessity is yet greater than mine." Sidney's wound worsened; he died of gangrene 26 days later, at the age of 31.
More: Wikipedia (via CC-BY-SA license) • READ: Works by Philip Sidney
Youth ever thinks that good whose goodness or evil he sees not.
—Philip Sidney
Topics: Youth
Either I will find a way, or I will make one.
Topics: Persistence
Who will adhere to him that abandons himself?
Topics: Self-Discovery, Self-respect
Whatever comes out of despair cannot bear the title of valor, which should be lifted up to such a height, that holding all things under itself, it should be able to maintain its greatness, even in the midst of miseries.
Doing good is the only certainly happy action of a man's life.
Topics: Kindness, Giving, Service
In the truly great, virtue governs with a scepter of knowledge and wisdom.
Topics: Greatness
Maurice Baring British Author
Eden Phillpotts English Author, Poet, Dramatist
Thomas Browne English Christian Author
Francis Drake English Military Leader
Charles Dickens English Novelist
Charles Reade
John Wesley British Methodist Religious Leader
Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (Lewis Carroll) British Anglican Author
William Ewart Gladstone British Head of State


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With a cover design consultation, you'll give your cover an edge over the competition. Since the front cover is a deciding factor in whether readers will purchase your book, this service—which includes an extra cover concept, time with your designer, and advice from our publicist—will put your cover above the rest.
If you add on a consultation to your cover design process, you'll be able to schedule a 30-minute call with your cover designer. During the call, you'll discuss and refine your ideas for your cover concepts before the process even begins. This will give you the chance to think through your ideas aloud with your designer, and to collaborate and hone in on your vision before your designer begins work on your concepts.
Despite the adage to never judge a book by its cover, readers do. If your cover doesn't intrigue readers, they're not going to pick up your book. That's why we have a team of professional designers who are dedicated to working with you to create a cover that'll help sell your book.
With a book cover, the goal is to create an initial spark of curiosity that will inspire readers to take a closer look. To be effective, your cover needs to be distinctive, interesting, and genre-specific.
To get to that point, you'll start by completing a questionnaire that provides our designers with specific direction for the creation of your cover concepts.
You'll be able to choose the cover concept you like best and provide any changes you would like made. Our designers will then work with you through three complimentary rounds of revisions to turn your chosen concept into the final design.
Once you've finalized the front cover and interior of your book, we'll design the back cover and spine to the printer's specifications, placing all the necessary elements, such as your back cover copy, logos, and bar code.
To view examples of covers we've created, click on the images below. Be sure to view the cover design examples page in our Author Learning Center to see even more.
Back cover copy is one of the first interactions a potential reader will have with your book. We know how difficult it can be to write effective back cover copy—and how important it is to your book's success. Our experienced team can craft copy for you, saving you the hassle and headache, while giving you a head start in the race toward sales.
Your expertly crafted copy doesn't have to be limited to your back cover, either—use it as your book's product description online, too.
The goal of your back cover is to turn a book browser into a book buyer. With a limited amount of space to tell a potential reader why your book is worth their time and money, you'll want to make sure each word sells your book.
Some books, particularly nonfiction, require special design elements in order to present information in the most pleasing and effective way. If this applies to your book, you'll want to go beyond standard formatting and add special design elements.
Not sure if we'll consider your manuscript complex? If you want to find out, contact one of our publishing consultants and we can look into it for you.
Like a solid cover design, editing helps your book make a great first impression. Without editing, your book may not get the chance it deserves with readers.
Better to be safe than sorry. Registering a copyright with the U.S. Copyright Office protects your rights should someone use your work without permission.
Mill City Press makes the process of filing your book's copyright registration quick and efficient. Just fill out a short online questionnaire, and we'll take care of the rest for you.
Keep in mind: your copyright is effective on the date that the U.S. Copyright Office receives your application and materials, though the official certificate of registration typically won't arrive until several months after filing.
Looking to get your book on the market as soon as possible? Then our Rush Service is for you! Rush Service allows your book to hop to the front of the production line, and from there we are able to get your book ready to go to market in 45 days, guaranteed.
Your publishing plan with Mill City Press is customized based on the needs of your ebook, and will always include the following services.
As part of this service, we clean up your manuscript's formatting so that it meets our guidelines. That way, your manuscript will easily move through the editing and ebook formatting stages of the publishing process.
If you're not purchasing your own block of 10 ISBNs, Mill City Press will provide two ISBNs, one for the EPUB versions and one for the MOBI format of your ebook.
A book cover is the first part of an ebook buyers will see when browsing for books online. If you can't capture their attention, it's less likely they'll buy your book.That's why we have a team of professional designers who are dedicated to working with you to create a cover that'll help sell your ebook.
We'll begin the process with a questionnaire you'll fill out to provide our designers with direction for your two cover concepts.
Choose the cover concept you like best and tell us about any changes you'd like made. Our designers will provide up to five complimentary rounds of revisions to your chosen concept.
To view examples of covers we've created, click on the images below. Be sure to view the cover design page in our Author Learning Center to see even more.
To add special formatting to your ebook, or to make it look as similar to your formatted print book as possible, you'll want to take advantage of our enhanced formatting features.
If your manuscript has any of the above features—or if you want your ebook to have one (or more) of the formatting features listed—your manuscript is considered complex, and you'll need our Enhanced Formatting Features service. To see examples of what these features look like, visit our Enhanced Ebook Features page.
Your editor will have your manuscript copyedited within 20 business days from the date you upload your manuscript to your PubSmart account. When you receive your edited manuscript, you'll have an opportunity to review each of the edits and deletions. You'll then have the choice to accept or reject them.
Copyedit the revised manuscript to eliminate any remaining typos, errors, or inconsistencies. If new text was incorporated as part of your revision process, your editor will review this updated material during the second round.
Round I: Your editor will have your manuscript copyedited within 20 business days from the date you upload your manuscript to your PubSmart account. When you receive your edited manuscript, you'll have an opportunity to see each of the edits and deletions. You'll then have the choice to accept or reject them.
After you review the edited manuscript, you'll be able to use your PubSmart account to note your availability for your telephone consultation.
Round II: After you've had your telephone consultation with your editor, made all your revisions, and uploaded the revised manuscript, the second round of editing will commence. Your editor will have these final revisions uploaded within 10 business days.
Uploading your ebook to multiple retailers and navigating sales reports on each site can be a hassle. Let us handle the submission process through our distribution network, which will make your ebook available for one year (renewable annually) to a variety of online retailers, a few of which are listed below.
Your ebook will be uploaded and made available to our distribution network, including Amazon, iBooks, and BN.com, as well as libraries and specialty retailers around the world.
Selling your book directly to readers affords you higher royalties, but the hassle of tracking your sales, delivering files, and providing customer support can keep you from focusing on other activities (like getting the word out about your book so you can make more sales). With a direct-to-reader ebook sales page, we'll manage the process of selling directly to readers for you and put all your monthly sales and royalties in one convenient location.
To see samples of what this page looks like, visit our direct-to-reader sales page examples in our Author Learning Center.
Get your hand-coded ebook faster with rush ebook formatting. We'll condense our standard ebook timeline so you can quickly move through the epublishing process without sacrificing the quality of your ebook.
As part of each print book publishing plan with Mill City Press, you'll be able to choose the distribution options that best meet the needs of your book.
All distribution options (listed below) provide you access to sales reports and inventory (if applicable) so you can monitor how your book is doing. We compile your sales data from all retailers into one easy location.
Traditional Distribution: Your book is printed ahead of time in large quantities and stored in a warehouse, where a distributor is responsible for fulfilling orders from wholesalers and retailers. Along with your detailed marketing plan, we'll present your book to book buyers, who make the decision as to whether your book gets the opportunity to be shelved in brick-and-mortar stores.
Print-on-Demand (POD): Your book is printed only when someone orders it, and orders are fulfilled by the POD distributor, Ingram. Your book will always be listed as in-stock, and you can skip the upfront printing expenses and the later storage fees associated with traditional distribution.
Direct-to-Reader Sales Page: A sales page where your book can be purchased by readers without going through a retailer. If you've printed books ahead of time and stored them in a warehouse, a distributor fulfills the order. If your book is POD, the order will be fulfilled by the POD distributor. A direct-to-reader sales page can also be used in conjunction with traditional or print-on-demand distribution.
Not sure what type of distribution is right for you? Check out the available distribution resources in our Author Learning Center.
Want to have the opportunity to see your book in bookstores? Traditional Distribution is the distribution option for you. Along with your detailed marketing plan, we'll present your book to book buyers and wholesalers who have a direct line to retail stores.
Traditional Distribution is also uniquely suited for children's book authors, authors who require specialty printing options, or authors who wish to print a lot of books at once in order to price them more competitively.
As part of the Traditional Distribution service, our distributor will not only handle all incoming orders for your title, but they'll also send copies of your book and its marketing materials to the buyers at Barnes & Noble, Ingram, Baker & Taylor, and Follett. Plus, books are sold to—and stocked directly with—Amazon.com and BN.com.
You don't even need to order hundreds of books to participate in our Traditional Distribution Program—you can begin by printing as few as 75 copies.
Is Traditional Distribution right for you? Our distribution resource in the Author Learning Center can help you decide.
Print-on-demand (POD) distribution is ideal if you don't want to worry about running out of inventory, or if you want to skip the upfront printing expenses and later storage fees that come with printing a large run of books at once. To get the best royalties, and to make your book as widely available as possible, we'll list your book with Lightning Source/Ingram, a major POD distributor, for one year (renewable yearly). There are over 30,000 online retailers that sell books, and through Ingram your book is made available to any of them that wish to order copies.
With POD distribution, there's no physical inventory of your book. Bookstores, other retailers, and consumers can order copies, and your books are printed and delivered as needed.
Because there's no physical inventory, we're also able to list POD books for sale internationally—and your book prints in the country it's ordered in. This allows you to reach a wider audience in the United Kingdom, Russia, Canada, Australia, Brazil, South Korea, Poland, and Germany, along with other countries in Europe.
Is POD Distribution right for you? Our distribution resource in the Author Learning Center can help you decide.
If you want to sell your book directly to readers and receive higher royalties, but don't want to deal with the potential time and complications associated with fulfilling orders yourself, we offer this convenient, affordable alternative.
Make your print-on-demand (POD) book more attractive to booksellers by enrolling in the POD with Returns Program. Booksellers typically won't take the risk of selling a book whose inventory they can't return, so POD with Returns is a great option if you intend to ask booksellers to carry your book in their stores.
POD with Returns lets you mark your returned books as "deliver" or "destroy." You pay the wholesale value of the book, and if it's marked "deliver," you'll be responsible for a $2.00 warehouse pass-through fee and the cost of shipping the book back to you. If your book is listed as "destroy," you'll only be responsible for the wholesale value, and the book will be recycled.
Our POD with Returns Program manages this process for the first year your title is in print.
Is POD Distribution right for you? Our resource about the types of print distribution in the Author Learning Center can help you decide.
Over a million books are published every year. To compete with all of the other titles, you must establish a plan for how you intend to promote your work . There are a lot of marketing and publicity options, but what's right for you and your book depends on a number of factors, including your book's genre, target audience, and themes.
An Amazon listing by itself doesn't guarantee visibility. Our Amazon Exposure Program is strategically designed to improve the visibility of your book on Amazon. When your book is listed on Amazon, your name is front and center. With an Amazon Exposure page, shoppers can click on your name for more information about you, including the collection of books you've written. This page gives them insight to the person behind the book, which may help them decide to buy.
We will configure and customize your Amazon author profile, including your author photo, bio, website link, blog RSS feed, videos, reviews, and any additional information about your book.
To begin the process, we'll create an Amazon author profile that helps establish credibility within the Amazon community. If an Amazon user visits your author page, they'll have a one-stop place to view your book, read your bio, look at your author photo, and even access videos or links to your blog posts. In addition, when you log into your Amazon author account, you'll also be able to see detailed sales information about your book.
Amazon is a jungle, and it can be tough to stand out against the thousands of books listed daily. Our Amazon Author Exposure service is a great way to take your first steps toward getting noticed, and the Amazon Keyword Listing add-on helps you go that extra mile. By adding keywords to your ebook listing, your book will be more searchable on Amazon, further increasing your book's exposure to potential readers.
Amazon only allows keyword additions as part of their ebook distribution, making this service exclusive to authors publishing an ebook.
Adding keywords to your ebook listing offers more opportunities for readers to find your book. If you have a children's book, for example, we can add keywords such as magic, coming of age, and adventure. This will help increase the chance that your book shows up if, for example, someone searches for "coming of age" within the children's book category.
As part of this service, we'll research seven keywords relating to your book and add them to your Amazon ebook listing.
Establish credibility with potential readers by creating a professional-looking Facebook fan page. Through your Facebook page, you'll be able to announce book signings, link to your book's sales page, and interact directly with your fans.
First, we'll create your Facebook fan page using your author biography and elements of your book cover and/or author photo. Using these design elements allows us to create a page representative of you and your brand. You'll receive two complimentary rounds of revisions to the branded images for your Facebook fan page. Below is an example of a Facebook cover and profile image for an author's Facebook fan page.
The social media planning template will help you organize your Facebook posts on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis. Managing a social media page becomes much easier when you can spend five minutes selecting and posting content you've already developed.
We'll also provide you with Facebook for Authors, a guide that explains how to get the most out of your Facebook page. You'll find tips on how to get started, advice on managing your page, and ideas that will help you effectively market your book on Facebook.
Get your book in front of the readers most likely to buy it. With targeted Facebook advertising, we'll help you find your core audience on Facebook based on the ages, locations, and profile interests of its users.
After we've researched and determined your target audience, we'll create ads to maximize your Facebook exposure. Every time someone clicks on one of your ads, they'll be sent to your book's Facebook page or your author website. (The number of times users are redirected to your Facebook page or website is how Facebook tracks the amount you pay for advertising.) The first $200 worth of advertising is included, although you can always choose to increase the size of your advertising budget.
At the end of the campaign, we'll generate a report for you. The report will cover how much was spent, the number of people who clicked on your ads, and how users interacted with your page.
The book community loves to spend time on Twitter, and having a presence there will help you build your author platform so that potential fans can easily find and follow you.
We'll set you up with a social media planner to use as an organizational tool that allows you to plan your tweets for a daily, weekly, or monthly posting schedule. Managing a social media page on a weekly basis becomes much easier when you can simply select and post content you've already developed.
We'll also provide you with Twitter for Authors, a step-by-step guide on how to effectively use Twitter to promote your book. It covers common Twitter terminology, Twitter etiquette, and tips on how to find and interact with your audience. To help you manage your Twitter account, we'll even set you up with TweetDeck, a social media tool specifically for Twitter.
From Instagram's ever-evolving "story" functions, to their Facebook-integrated advertising capabilities, this social media network packs more punch than ever! Our in-house marketing experts will craft an Instagram profile that syncs to your Facebook account and has consistently branded visual aesthetics, including profile picture, handle (i.e. @AuthorJohnSmith), and an author bio.
Sharing intimate and realistic moments with your readers through photos allows them feel more connected with you; plus, who doesn't like to take and share a pretty picture? Instagram is a great tool for sharing blog posts, book launch dates or information, and for selling books. You can link to your website, Amazon, or even a specific bookstore. And of course, don't forget about the ability to share short videos and host live videos on Instagram as well.
Not sure how to find book lovers on Instagram yet? Just use some of these popular hashtags in your posts!
Be where 30 million readers are: Goodreads. On Goodreads, users read and review books, and make lists of books they want to read. To connect with your potential readers, garner reviews, and promote your book, you'll want a Goodreads profile.
For your book's Goodreads page, we'll add all necessary information about your book, including the cover image, synopsis, author website link, publication date, and book specifications.
If you have a print book, we'll also host a giveaway of three copies. Book giveaways are a great way to increase exposure and create excitement among readers who want the chance to win a copy. Finally, we add your book to six existing Goodreads Listopia lists that relate to your book's genre, subject matter, and theme. This will help readers find your book based on their unique reading interests.
Thirty million people are on Goodreads, a social networking site just for readers. Users read and review books, and make lists of books they want to read. With over 900 million books listed on the site, standing out from the crowd can be a challenge. But our Goodreads Advertising Campaign can help. The campaign increases your book's visibility on Goodreads by getting your book in front of users rather than waiting for them to find you.
Each campaign displays four to six ads that promote your book to your target audience on Goodreads. An advertising campaign is a great opportunity for you and your book to gain exposure because Goodreads users love to read and are always looking for new books. You'll receive $95 worth of advertising with this service, and our advertising experts will create and manage the ads for you.
Our Google Banner Ads are optimized and targeted by our in-house Marketing Specialists to make sure your target audience are the ones seeing your ad. How much influence will it have? Well, it's all about the number of impressions you purchase. When we say 20,000 impressions, we are guaranteeing that your ad will be seen 20,000 times! At the end of the ad campaign, a report is pulled and sent to your account representative to show you just how effective your advertising was.
Here at Mill City Press, we've worked hard to establish ourselves as the most trusted audience development partner in the publishing industry, providing our authors with everything they need to build a successful digital platform. Our Author Branding Bundle compiles a set of tools specifically selected to lay the foundation for an attractive, memorable author persona.
Media kits make it easy for book reviewers and journalists to learn about your book. A media kit is a hidden page on your website that you can send out to whomever you'd like.
With a website media kit, you can easily send information about your book to anyone in the media who may be interested in covering it.
If you plan to approach bookstores to stock your book on their shelves, you'll need a visually appealing bookstore sell sheet, which is what retailers and wholesalers use to get the information they need to order copies of your book.
Distribution to 1,600+ websites, including some of the Internet's most visited sites like Yahoo!, AOL News, and MSNBC.
Online distribution to hundreds of thousands of subscribers through 300+ RSS feeds. Your release will be going straight to journalists, influencers and your target audience.
You'll have the opportunity to provide input during your two rounds of up to 20 revisions each, and once you're satisfied with the final draft, you can use your press release to solicit media attention.
Our award-winning graphic design team will bring your manuscript to life with two front cover concepts.
One of the most exciting parts of writing a book is seeing your cover for the very first time. Having the cover designed before you're done writing is fantastic motivation to finish your book and finally get your story out into world.
Tell us about your book, and our award-winning graphic designers will create two front covers. Once you pick the cover you like best, our designers will work with you through one round of revisions to deliver a high-resolution file of your new cover.
Ready to build your plan? Click here to build & buy or see popular publishing plans.


text:
Die Liste der Straßen und Plätze von Lubmin beschreibt das Straßensystem der Gemeinde Lubmin im Nordosten Mecklenburg-Vorpommerns. Die Geschichte von Lubmin wird hier nicht gesondert behandelt.

Legende
Die nachfolgende Tabelle gibt eine Übersicht über die vorhandenen Straßen und Plätze der Gemeinde sowie einige zugehörige Informationen. Im Einzelnen sind dies:

 Name/Lage: aktuelle Bezeichnung der Straße oder des Platzes. Die Lage (Geoposition) gibt etwa die Mitte der Straße oder des Platzes an
 Nicht mehr gültige Straßennamen sind kursiv gesetzt
 Länge/Maße: gerundete Länge der Straße beziehungsweise Ausmaße des Platzes in Metern. Letztere werden in der Form a × b bei rechteckigen Anlagen oder a × b × c bei dreiecksförmigen Anlagen mit a als längster Kante angegeben. Der Zusatz 'im Ort' gibt an, welche Länge die Straße innerhalb der Gemeinde Lubmin zurücklegt, sofern sie durch mehrere Gemeinden verläuft
 Namensherkunft: Ursprung des Namens

 Anmerkungen: weitere Informationen bezüglich ansässiger Institutionen, der Geschichte der Straße oder historischer Bezeichnungen
 Bild: Bild der Straße oder eines anliegenden Objektes

Übersicht der Straßen und Plätze

Weblinks

 Straßenverzeichnis von Lubmin, abgerufen am 9. April 2011
 Vereine in Lubmin, abgerufen am 9. April 2011

Einzelnachweise

!Strassen und Platze
Lubmin
!Lubmin, Strassen und Platze
!Lubmin
Lubmin


text:
New York courts CIP and Ørsted
Authorities in New York open up to tenders from other states' areas in its upcoming offshore wind tender, which may become larger than expected.
Despite the upcoming offshore wind tender in New York, the Statue of Liberty's view will most likely remain unobstructed.
BY MAZ PLECHINGER
The US' offshore wind industry is picking up the pace. Maryland got a head start last year when the state approved two projects, but now several more states are following suit. Over the past few months, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut have awarded projects totalling 1,400 MW. But the year is far from over.
Unless New Jersey launches a surprise sprint, New York is next slated to announce projects. Last year, Governor Andrew Cuomo (D) announced the state's target of 2,4 GW offshore wind by 2030. At least 800 MW will be tendered in 2018 and 2019.
New York wants to launch tender for 800 MW offshore wind in 2018
New York launches massive renewables tender
New Jersey delays New York's offshore wind


The pre-registration for the 2016 edition of the Noel Teggart Memorial hosted by Banbridge CC on Sunday 19th June will open for entries at 9pm on Thursday 9th June.
As usual there will be a programme of youth events on offer for under 16's, 14's and 12's.
All races will commence at 12:00 from Havlock Park. A full event manual will be published in the coming days which will give more detail of the races on offer for those unfamiliar with the course or event from previous years.