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Meccan Capitalism & The Economic Revolution of Islam
Posted by Ahmed Danyal Arif | 24 Nov 2018 | Blog | 1 |
In 1930, Max Weber published his influential analysis of modern economic history, entitled The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. In this magnum opus, Weber argued that there is a close causal influence between the Protestant Reformation and modern western capitalism. In his view, the Reformation spurred on Western European nations to see money-making as a moral act. It thereby transformed the mundane into the spiritual, and has turned the wheel of economic progress to reach the modern day.
According to Weber, this moral and ethical spirit of capitalism is what distinguishes modern western capitalism with previous forms. These added ingredients gave the capitalism with which we are so familiar a distinctive spirit, with features that were not found elsewhere.
However, Weber's sense of history is not far-reaching enough to draw this conclusion firmly. Capitalism has indeed existed in many forms, and a careful examination of Pre-Islamic Arabia unveils many similarities of that era with modern capitalism. The case of the city of Mecca is uniquely fascinating, not only because it was the city where the Prophet of Islam grew up, but also because Islam's teachings were themselves an answer to the unfair practices of Mecca's tribal capitalism.
Medina, the centre of early Islamic statecraft
The Rise of Mecca
At the outset, the overall situation of Mecca was very different from the southern states in Arabia. Mecca had neither an agricultural surplus nor a specialised productive industry of which it could boast. Nevertheless, Mecca was a place of refuge for commercial caravans travelling through the Hedjaz, the western part of the Arabian Peninsula, and allowed an initial form of accumulation of merchant capital in the region.
Until the beginning of the fifth century CE, Mecca was under the leadership of the Khuza'a, a tribe from Yemen. This was removed from power when Qusayy ibn Kilab reunited the various clans to form the Quraish tribe, and which quickly became the largest trading tribe of the city. Traditions tell us that it was Qusayy ibn Kilab who introduced many institutional practices that were new and revolutionary, putting Mecca on the path to rapid commercial growth. These institutions were: the rifada, (the provision of food to pilgrims); the siqaya (the provision of water to pilgrims); and the establishment of Dar al-Nadwa, a type of state house where clan leaders met to deliberate upon pressing issues (Ibrahim, 1990; M. B. Ahmad, 2011). In addition to the sadaqa (voluntary charitable alms), the rifada and siqaya practices formed a system of wealth distribution that aimed to deal with the economic stratification emerging in Meccan society as a result of increased trade. It is worth noting that the benefits of this system not only affected pilgrims, but also the poorest sections of the population of Mecca. These institutions played a dual role of both caring for pilgrims and merchants, and making the city a more attractive destination to visit.
Despite this, the institutional innovations of Qusayy did not eliminate all the obstacles faced by merchants in Mecca, especially as its efforts were directed towards the internal organization of the city (Ibrahim, 1990). In fact the limited accumulation of wealth often had disastrous consequences for some merchants in Mecca. This is illustrated by the events that preceded the introduction of the ilaf, a trade agreement, by Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf, Qusayy's grandson (Hamidullah, 1957). Because of the restricted sphere of their commercial activities and the nature of their trade, merchants of Mecca were not immune from a financial catastrophe. These colossal losses occurred quite often, and in search of a solution to this problem merchants were forced to practice i'tifad (ritual suicide) (Kister, 1965). As a result, the merchant who lost his property was forced to separate from his family and the rest of the clan, letting them die from starvation. Hashim argued for a change in the nature of their businesses and proposed that if several merchants collect capital, their business positions would be more secure (mudaraba). This is significant because it both allowed merchants to procure some capital, and allowed the poor to regain their economic standing by providing new opportunities for social mobility. Subsequently, Meccans began to realize large-scale and collective commercial projects, while the individual investor was reassured and the risks minimized.
A trade caravan passing the Isle of Graia in the Gulf of Akabah, Arabia Petraea, 1839 lithograph by Louis Haghe from an original by David Roberts
As Mecca's growth and population skyrocketed, social stratification began to take concrete form. In fact the fiction of kinship served to mask the division of society into social classes (Wolf, 1951). At the top of the social ladder was the sayyid, the leader of the clan who was at the same time a merchant. His strength and influence depended mainly on his clan and the covenants he could muster. Then there was the ally (halif) of the sayyid who also enjoyed a respectable position. Then there were the members of the clan whose position depended on that of their clan as a whole. The clan, as a social unit, provided the initial infrastructure for the development of the power and wealth of the clan leader. At the bottom of the social ladder were mawalis and slaves. The mawla was weaker in social status than the sayyid, his ally and the clan. A set of devices were put in place so that the mawla redistributed all of the profit gained to his master, and thereby concentrated more and more capital in the hands of the sayyid.
If the mawla satisfied the terms of the agreement, then it was possible for him to become a halif. This is perhaps the real difference between the latter and the slaves (the qinn), and his descendants (the muwalladun). Like the mawla, slaves could be of Arab or non-Arab origin, but they had the peculiarity of being deprived of their freedom, having either been captured in times of war or being unable to pay their debts. The status of the qinn and of the mawla are indicative of the transformation of the social structure, to such an extent that some members of Meccan society were considered as products or tools for the benefit and service of the merchant leaders. It is then that the merchants, already pocketing a large part of the growth being generated, engaged in another practice to further increase their capital: interest (riba) (Lammens, 1910). It is difficult to determine when riba started to play an important role in Mecca. It is assumed that it certainly began after the introduction of ilaf practice, since trade increased in volume after it. Riba has thus played a dual role: it concentrated an enormous amount of wealth in the hands of a few, and while increasing inequality and further reducing the social status of the impoverished.
As well as the institution of new economic devices, it is hard to overstate the importance of tribal rivalries in the evolving Meccan political landscape. After Qusayy's death, the Quraish eventually split into different factions. By the mid-6th century C.E., the clan of Banu Umayya were dominating both politically and economically. Their chief rivals were the Banu Makhzum. These tribes were led by Abu Jahl and Abu Sufyan respectively, who were competing for leadership in Mecca when Muhammadsa preached the new religion. It was this competition that facilitated Muhammad'ssa relative safety in Mecca for thirteen years before going to Medina in 622.
The Call of the Prophet Muhammad
In the year 610 of the conventional era, central Arabia was on the brink of a change that would not only shake its history, but also that of other nations for centuries to come. It is on this date that Mecca heard for the first time Muhammadsa proclaiming a new religion of which he was the Messenger. By the time Muhammadsa came on the scene, there was a clear tendency towards individualism in Mecca. Their economic culture concentrated wealth in the hands of a few to the exclusion of the poorest. These growing tensions within the system posed a threat to Mecca's trading network, and the Qurayshites must have realised the inherent dangers of such an explosive situation. But no one made any warning as to the inevitable social and spiritual upheaval that this would bring to Mecca; nobody except Muhammadsa.
Initially, he preached to members of the Quraish tribe to put some order into their own house. The pursuit of excessive wealth, the privation of the weak, and the neglect of the poor in Mecca were all observations he considered as evils. It was therefore cooperation and the idea of justice between the rich and the poor that was the cardinal principle of Muhammad'ssa social teachings. However, it required the rich Qurayshites to make a certain sacrifice.
The Holy Quran places strong emphasis on the need for the rich to uplift the poor.
Although his early followers included affluent merchants such as 'Uthman ibn 'Affanra, few Meccans paid attention to his warnings. For thirteen long years, he continued to preach to his fellow citizens despite the great difficulties he faced. These difficulties became especially acute during the economic and social boycott of the Hashimite clan (Muhammad'ssa clan) which was stipulating to "cease trading with them, to not speak with them, to not marry their women nor give them our daughters" (Tabari, 2001).
From an academic perspective, to say that the Holy Book of the Quran is full of chapters evoking divine displeasure upon Meccan society is really an understatement. Meccans were invited to more moderation and flexibility, especially towards the poor, orphans, widows and all who were weak and in need of help. If wealth was described as an "ornament of the life of this world" (18: 47), he who deprived a large section of the population would have no status in the final analysis, as all individuals would be accountable before God (Torrey, 1892). Moreover, such deprivation was not economically sound because the widening gap between the rich and the poor had not only created social tension, but was forcing merchants to give up more of their wealth. As a result, they were asked to make their wealth more mobile by distributing it instead of accumulating it excessively. As one verse reads, "Mutual rivalry in seeking increase in worldly possessions diverts you from God; Till you reach the graves" (102: 2 & 3).
Indeed, was not the apocalypse that Meccans feared the most one in which "there shall be no buying, and selling, nor friendship, nor intercession" (2: 255)? The use of such analogies is very appropriate in the preaching of a message to a people whose love of trade bordered on obsession.
The Zakat
During the Meccan period, the Muslim community (umma) didn't have anything that could be related to public finances. However, the economic foundations of the umma took many forms. A prevailing theme was cooperation among members to provide avenues for further economic development. A way of redistributing wealth was first offered to new emigrants to Medina, called, the mu'akha. This was a kind of fraternization that was translated materially by the transfer of capital from the Ansar (Muhammad'ssa Medinan supporters) to the Muhajirun (the emigrants or the first converts to Islam who emigrated with him from Mecca to Medina).
But in 630 C.E., the chapter about alms was revealed, and the teaching would become an important pillar of the Islamic faith. It took the name of "Zakat", and its entire philosophy, meaning, and usefulness is contained in the word itself (S. M. Ahmad, 1975). The connotations of the Arabic word are of abundance and purification. The reasons are clear. Islam taught that the wealth and riches from which this tax was taken became blessed. Moreover, it taught that the original money would not suffer a loss, but would in fact become plentiful and immune from loss and depreciation. In fact, Zakat is the means of increasing, cleansing and purifying; of growth and of blessings, of ensuring protection from all sorts of calamities, and of submission to God.
Zakat isn't a tax which is levied on one's income. Rather, it is a capital tax spent wholly for the benefit of the categories mentioned in the Holy Book, outlined below. Islam has imposed Zakat on wealth and properties which have the attribute of increasing and multiplying and which could be preserved safely, for which reason it was assessed every year during which one has had ample opportunity to spend. It is on this principle that gold, silver, cash in any shape or form, goats, sheep, or cattle which feed themselves by grazing and all the produce from the land were assessable for Zakat.
As far as the beneficiaries are concerned, the Holy Book advises that "alms are only for the poor and the needy, and for those employed in connection therewith, and for those whose hearts are to be reconciled, and for the freeing of slaves, and for those in debt, and for the cause of Allah, and for the wayfarer." (9: 60)
The first two categories of 'the poor and the needy' are self-explanatory, though the later differs from the former in that the sakeen (needy) are those who are either unable to advocate for themselves, or who refuse to do so out of their sense of self-dignity.
"Alms are for the poor and the needy…"
Under the category of those 'whose hearts need reconciliation' were the Muslims who, through a feeling of fear towards non-Muslims, could not declare themselves as such openly even though they were convinced in the wisdom and truthfulness of the message of Islam.
The money of Zakat was also used to free a person from the yoke of slavery. The slave in question did not have to be a prisoner of war, as the Arabic term "firiqab" also refers to people in a state of immense distress akin to that of slavery, such as a man who had been imprisoned for a long time due to the inability of honouring his debts.
Finally, under the heading "for Allah's sake", was added to cover expenses needed for the organization of an event, in which lay the protection or the progress of the nation.
It is impossible to question the importance of Zakat. On the whole it is not once, but twenty-seven times that it is grouped in the same verse recommending to observe the daily prayers (2: 44 ; 2: 84 ; 2: 111 ; 2: 178 ; 2: 278 ; 4: 78 ; 4: 163 ; 5: 13 ; 5: 56 ; 9: 11 ; 9: 18 ; 9: 71 ; 19: 32 ; 19: 56 ; 21: 74 ; 22: 42 ; 22: 79 ; 23: 3 & 5 ; 24: 38 ; 24: 57 ; 2: 4 ; 31: 5 ; 33: 34 ; 58: 14 ; 73: 21 ; 98: 6). This powerful instrument was unheard of before Islam, and it permits a redistribution of wealth on a large and unprecedented scale.
The Prohibition of Interest
In the first years in Medina, the prohibition of interest had immediate applicability towards the Jews (4: 161 & 162). Since Muhammadsa was in alliance with them, he had to call upon their contributions, either to support the emigrants from Mecca, or for military expenses and preparations (Watt, 1956). This was especially needed when an attack of Meccans was imminent. The call for contributions was made to Jews as well as to Muslims, but the former refused and declared themselves ready to make a loan with interest (Bukhari, #2068). As neighbouring citizens of the same nation, the Muslims expected the Jews to contribute to the national cause, or at least make interest-free loans. In this way, the question of interest became another sticking point in religious teaching between the teachings he expounded and the economic culture of the contemporary Jews.
However, a careful examination of the overall situation of Arabia shows that even before the prophethood of Muhammadsa, charging interest was a widespread practice, (in Mecca at least) and produced considerable difficulties for poorer classes. As a result, many transactions were discouraged mainly to prevent the practice of interest entering from the back door. Such was the case for muhaqala (the renting of land for gold) and mukhadara (the selling of green wheat before it was harvested for already harvested wheat). There were also the practices of m'awama (selling the crop years in advance), kira' (the buying of a crop before it was ripe or harvested in exchange for another crop), and the muzabana (the sale of grapes in exchange for raisins / wheat in exchange for prepared food).
"The Economic System of Islam" by Hazrat Mirza Bashir-ud-Din Mahmud Ahmad is a short but unparalleled introduction to the subject
The purpose of Islam cannot be reflected in purely economic terms, its objective being to improve the moral and spiritual state of Man. The types of duties assigned to Muslims were on the one hand those towards God, the others on his fellow men (Tirmidhi, #1955). It can be inferred that the Muslim has to give up his own interests on occasions when it came to improving the state of society as a whole (3: 93).
The case of interest falls precisely in this category, because Islam assigned to man a duty to immediately help those in need. As for the sums borrowed to meet the basic needs or for an urgent case, Islam goes further by urging to grant an additional grace period, or even to cancel altogether, the sum borrowed by the one who was not able to repay it (2: 281). The goal of the prohibition of interest (2: 276) was therefore not symbolic, but was intended to create in him noble feelings towards his neighbour. Instead of promoting inequality through interest, the Holy Book offers an alternative by encouraging the practice of charity (2: 272 & 277). The underlying idea of the universalism of the prohibition of interest was that all human beings were brothers, and therefore had to help each other financially as well as by other means.
Other Economic Measures
When we read between the lines of the Holy Book, we realize that the root of social ills was a bad attitude towards wealth and the related growth of individualism and egoism. Considering themselves as independent individuals and not as leaders of a tribe or clan, merchant leaders became selfish and careless in their traditional obligations to their members, and even to those of their own families. In addition to the poor, the orphans find prominent mention because the fathers of young dying families were numerous, and it was easy for the future guardian to appropriate his property by excluding the children of the deceased. Some verses from the Holy Book thus detail the rules for the division of an inheritance after the death of a person (4: 12-14).
Inheritance Laws
It is observed that according to this law, the woman has not only obtained a right to inherit but she receives, like her husband, the right to contract debts and to bequeath his property. To give women a position of economic independence, Islam then stipulated that any property that a woman acquired by her own effort or inherited by right belonged to her independently of her husband (Khan, 2008). Despite this measure, we still notice that men have twice the share of women. Islam assigns an extra share to the man because he has an obligation to financially support his wife and children. In the part that belongs to him, there is one of two shares that he does not possess entirely, counterbalancing the principle according to which he has the obligation to give the woman a dowry (mehr) at the time of the marriage (4: 5). Thus the inheritor, male or female, will not be able to inherit more than a third for purely personal use according to the testamentary directions.
Market & Consumer Protections
Secondly and against all odds at the time, Muhammadsa discouraged any interference in the pricing process by the state or individuals. History informs us that prices had risen in the time of the Prophet, and that many people came to him to ask him to set a limit. He said: "God is al-Musa'ir [the One who fixes the prices], al-Qabid [the One who withdraws/restricts], al-Basit [the One who increases/extends] and ar-Razzaq [the One who provides) (…)" (Ibn Majah, #2200). In other words, the Prophet enjoined to leave prices, whether high or low, "in the hands of God" (Abu Yusuf, 1921).
A modern Arabic bazaar
If merchants were free to set prices, either by increasing them (in order to increase profits on each sale) or by reducing them (in order to increase market share to the detriment of competitors), competition between them was also going to take a radical turn. Indeed, Muhammadsa combined injunctions against government intervention in pricing with a prohibition of monopolies and insider trading. "No one hoards, he would say, but the sinner" (Muslim, #1605). In markets where food supplies were as precarious as those in medieval Arabia, each famine offered the temptation to reap huge profits from desperate buyers willing to pay any price to avoid starvation. This practice (ihtikar, or more generally that of hoarding) was, as we have seen, commonplace in pre-Islamic Arabia. Sound competition also required the prohibition of other forms of exploitation of market power, for example by favouring certain competitors over others. Moreover, while insider trading is generally set in the context of contemporary financial markets, the offence has an older origin since Muhammadsa had already identified it in due course. Such was the case in Arabia, where merchants who had advanced knowledge of the arrival of a caravan would have a habit of intercepting it on the way and concluding the transaction before it reaches the market. Muhammadsa then discouraged this unfair practice known as talaqqi, and forbade the merchants to meet the caravans with the intention of buying their goods at the lowest possible prices (Bukhari, #2165, #2166 & #2167).
In order to protect the consumer, the Holy Book also highlights a number of protections against possible malpractice of the merchant. The Holy Book begins by denouncing categorically the use of unjust means and introduces the idea of mutual consent in a transaction (4: 30). Referring to merchants, chapter 83 also prohibits all kinds of misdeeds (83: 2-4). Sellers also have the responsibility to disclose any defect in the merchandise that allows the buyer to make an informed decision and not mislead him (Ibn Majah, #2247). For instance, one day, as the Prophet passed by a seller, he happened upon a pile of food. The top rice seemed dry, but when he put his hand inside, he felt that the lower layers of rice were moist. When he asked him the reason, the owner said that rain had fallen on it. He then stated that "Whoever cheats, he is not one of us" (Tirmidhi, #1315).
Market Regulators & Contractual Obligations
The first Islamic markets did then highlight the appointment of a person as market superintendent by the Prophet Muhammadsa (Sadr, 2016). We know that he appointed Sa'id ibn al-'As as the inspector of the Meccan market and 'Umar ibn al-Khattab to oversee Medina's one, or Samra bint Nuhayk who presumably had jurisdiction over the female section of the market. In addition, in order to protect the parties to the transaction from possible conflict, the Holy Book states to record any fixed term written debt (2: 283). Loans and debts were then commercial standards that Islam fully supports without becoming a tool of exploitation. Indeed, the Holy Book, as we have seen, calls for sufficient time for the debtor to repay his loan in case of difficulty.
However, he has to make an effort to repay his obligation in due time because "the best amongst you, says the Prophet, are those who are best in paying off debt" (Muslim, #1601). The business community were therefore be instructed to be honest, sincere and magnanimous because "the merchant will be resurrected on the Day of Resurrection with the wicked, except the one who has fear of Allah, who behaves charitably and is truthful" (Tirmidhi, #1210).
It should be clear that Weber's explanation of western capitalism being born of a Protestant Ethic is a short-sighted reading of history. Protestant Christianity was by no means unique in promoting economic activity as an act with strong moral and spiritual dimensions. Islam did the same, and to a far more explicit degree than Protestantism.
Moreover, the myriad economic injustices that western capitalism has brought bear striking resemblance to pre-Islamic Arabia. It was Muhammadsa, with the religion of Islam that catalysed a revolution in every sense of the word. Through Islam, economic principles were set out that quickly gave rise to an immensely prosperous empire. At the heart of its economic spirit was a strict sense of divine justice. Wealth was not to be accumulated for purely personal gain – indeed, this would make one egoistic and deserving of divine displeasure. Instead wealth was to be distributed towards those in need, thereby earning divine reward. Money could no longer concentrate in the hands of first-born males. Instead, it was quickly redistributed through firm inheritance laws down into all family members, penetrating widely into society within a few generations. Interest, a mechanism of redistributing wealth from the needy to the wealthy was abolished, with charitable loaning and fair investment taking its place. Price fixing, insider trading, and dishonest practices in general were also removed. In a world crying out for an alternative to capitalism, perhaps Islamic economic principles have as much relevance today as they did then.
In the spirit of his mission, Muhammadsa was not a historical anomaly. He emphasised on many occasions that his mission was not different in essence from the prophets who preceded him. Justice for all based on the cooperation of all was the best guarantee for both peace and prosperity. The true innovation of Islam was the strict application of the principles of mutual cooperation for the common good (Shaban, 1971). With a brilliant sense of direction, Muhammadsa never lost sight of this ultimate end. He enacted subtle changes that had a large cumulative effect, representing both the victory of his moderate revolution and the successful establishment of a world religion.
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Ahmed Danyal Arif
Ahmed Danyal Arif is a French economist currently working in London. He has a Masters degree in Economics and Politics. After working for the French tax administration system, he took time off to write his first book — Islam & Capitalism: For an Economic Justice. He has just released another book on the economic history of the early Islamic world. Both books are in French and published by L'Harmattan.
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Tas	on November 30, 2018 at 3:26 am
Fascinating read, great job by the author!


Joel has most recently been showrunning two seasons of the Disney XD animated hit PICKLE & PEANUT, which he developed as part of his overall deal at the studio. Prior to that he directed the Tom Hanks animated series ELECTRIC CITY with Six Point Harness. Joel's background includes directing many shorts for the likes of TED Talks, Nickelodeon, and Yo Gabba Gabba along with music videos for artists like M. Ward, Jason Forrest, and Kid606.


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Q: Qt: Connect casted sender to a receiver In my program, I have a QTableView which is set to display QStandardItemModel.
I want to connect Model's

itemChanged(QStandardItem*)

Signal to my SLOT. I did
connect(dynamic_cast<QStandardItemModel*>(ui->tableView->model()), SIGNAL(itemChanged(QStandardItem*)), this, SLOT(saveItem(QStandardItem*)));

But this always fails to connect (returns false). I am guessing it is because of dynamic_cast but I am not sure.
What am I doing wrong??

A: Connecting after setting model to table does the job. After setting the model to table, it returns QStandardItemModel, so there is no need to cast.

A: do not use dynamic_cast on QObjects, use qobject_cast as equivalent, it is much more safe (dynamic_cast has some problem with classes shared by libraries so this might be your problem, see docs).
In connect you don't need this cast anyway (this will help only in auto-completion), static cast should be Ok too.
In addition when connect fails, it prompts in logs what exactly went wrong, so check the logs.

A: Even if QTableView::model() returns a QAbstractItemModel*, if the model is set to a QStandardItemModel* before making the connection, the actual object will still be a QStandardItemModel, so the connection should work without the need to cast the pointer to that type.
Possible connection errors include: null pointer (by not setting the model before calling model()), bad spelling of the slot/signal name, not declaring a function as a slot/signal.
PS: It might be better to have the QStandardItemModel as a pointer member in your class, if you haven't already one, rather than using model() to retrieve it and having to repeat the cast each time you need to access the specific functions of the QStandardItemModel class.
And as an additional benefit, the auto-completion would work since QtCreator would also know the actual object type.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Vanessa Díaz
Assistant Professor of Chicana/o and Latina/o Studies | Loyola Marymount University
Bellarmine College of Liberal Arts
Publications Photos Videos Documents Audio/Podcasts
Audio/Podcasts:
Dr. Vanessa Díaz is an interdisciplinary ethnographer, filmmaker, and journalist. Her research focuses on the ways race and gender impact labor markets and practices in the culture industries across the Americas. Díaz's first book, Manufacturing Celebrity: How Latino Paparazzi and Women Reporters Build the Hollywood Industrial Complex, was recently published with Duke University Press. Grounded in her experience as a red carpet reporter for People magazine, Manufacturing Celebrity focuses on hierarchies of labor as well as ethnoracial and gender politics in the production of celebrity-focused media. The research for Manufacturing Celebrity was supported by numerous grants and fellowships, including those from the Ford Foundation Fellows/National Academy of Sciences, the Smithsonian Institute, and the Historical Society of Southern California, among others. Díaz is a co-author of UCLA's 2017 Hollywood Diversity Report and is currently collaboratively producing a documentary about the Latino paparazzi of Los Angeles entitled Pappin' Ain't Easy. In addition to her research on media and popular culture in the United States, she has also done extensive research on cultural production in the Caribbean and among its diasporas. In 2006, she completed her independent feature-length documentary Cuban HipHop: Desde el Principio (From the Beginning), which recounts the history of the Cuban HipHop movement while exploring how Afro-Cuban youth use HipHop to defy misconceptions about censorship in Cuba by delivering social critiques of racism and poverty on the island. Díaz is called upon by publications ranging from The Atlantic to the Los Angeles Times to comment upon major events in popular culture. She is able to provide necessary context to understand how and why particular events capture the American popular imagination, while simultaneously revealing the hidden labor and racial struggles involved in the production of popular culture.
University of Michigan: Ph.D.
University of Michigan: M.A.
New York University: B.A.
Areas of Expertise (18)
oral & life histories
Latina/o/x identity
race & racialization
Media & popular culture
(im)migration
Industry Expertise (10)
Media - Print
Media - Online
Historical Society of Southern California, Ahmanson Grant
Dartmouth College César Chávez Postdoctoral Fellowship
Mellon Summer Institute on Tenure and Professional Advancement (SITPA) Scholar
Ford Foundation, Postdoctoral Fellowship
UCLA Institute of American Culture Visiting Researcher Program Award
UCLA Institute of American Cultures Research Grant in Ethnic Studies
University of Michigan Louise Ann Williams Anthropology Distinguished Dissertation Award
University of Michigan ProQuest Distinguished Dissertation Award, Anthropology Nominee
American Anthropological Association (AAA) Annual Photo Contest Winner
Ford Foundation, Dissertation Fellowship
Smithsonian Institute, Predoctoral Fellowship (National Museum of American History; National Portrait Gallery; Washington, D.C.)
Rackham Merit Fellowship, University of Michigan
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Ford Foundation Fellowship Annual Conference Planning Committee Member and Former Chair
Puerto Rican Studies Association
New England Consortium of Latino Studies
Association of Latina & Latino Anthropologists
Latin American Studies Association
Society for the Anthropology of North America
National Association of Hispanic Journalists
Latina/o Studies Association
National Association of Latino Independent Producers
Website for Díaz's book Manufacturing Celebrity
Duke University Press page for Manufacturing Celebrity (introduction available for free)
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Vanessa Díaz exposes violence Latino paparazzi face in 'Manufacturing Celebrity'
NBC News online
Feature article about Díaz's book, Manufacturing Celebrity. Article and interview by Gwen Aviles, NBC News/NBC Latino
'Manufacturing Celebrity' Spotlights Exploitation in Hollywood-Obsessed Media
LibroMobile online
In depth review about Manufacturing Celebrity and interview with Díaz. Interview and article by Gabriel San Roman.
Hate Crimes and Donald Trump: Why It's So Hard to Prosecute Racist, Hateful Acts
International Business Times online
Interviewed by Jason Le Miere.
How 'Brangelina' Gave a Couple Its Mystique
The Atlantic online
Interviewed by Spencer Kornhaber, The Atlantic.
Why the Angelina Jolie-Brad Pitt marriage mattered so much in modern Hollywood
Los Angeles Times print
Interviewed by Lorraine Ali, Los Angeles Times.
Cuban hip-hop culture comes to Michigan
National Public Radio (NPR) of Michigan radio
Appearance on National Public Radio (NPR) of Michigan.
Uprising Radio
KPFK Radio Pacifica, 90.7 FM radio
Interviewed by Sonali Kolhatkar for "Uprising Radio," KPFK Radio Pacifica, 90.7 FM. Feature story on documentary Cuban HipHop: Desde el Principio.
Introduction to Chicana/o and Latina/o Studies
Race and Media
Manufacturing Celebrity: How Latino Paparazzi and Women Reporters Build the Hollywood Industrial Complex
The Power of Popular Protest: El Verano Boricua, 2019
Latin American Perspectives
May 2020. Photo essay
Raciontologies: Rethinking Anthropological Accounts of Institutional Racism and Enactments of White Supremacy in the U.S.
American Anthropologist
Co-author.
December 2019. "Raciontologies: Rethinking Anthropological Accounts of Institutional Racism and Enactments of White Supremacy." American Anthropologist. Co-author. https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.13353
Hollywood Diversity Report. Fourth Annual. UCLA Bunche Center for African American Studies sponsored, self-published sociological study.
Self-published sociological study
2017. Hollywood Diversity Report. Fourth Annual. UCLA Bunche Center for African American Studies sponsored, self-published sociological study. Co-author.
HateCrimeMap.com
2016-present. HateCrimeMap.com. Co-founder, co-PI, co-designer of this user-generated digital mapping site to track hate crimes and harassment since the 2016 U.S. presidential election; responsible for collaborating on research, input, design, volunteer recruitment and coordination. Housed at the UCLA American Indian Studies Center.
At the Margins of Celebrity Culture: Criminalizing the Latina/o Paparazzi of Los Angeles
Anthropology News
2015. At the Margins of Celebrity Culture: Criminalizing the Latina/o Paparazzi of Los Angeles. Anthropology News, 56 (11-12), 31-32.
Brad & Angelina: And Now…Brangelina!
Bloomsbury Academic Press
2015. "Brad & Angelina: And Now…Brangelina!": A Sociocultural Analysis of Blended Celebrity Couple Names. Chapter in the anthology First Comes Love: Power Couples, Celebrity Kinship, and Cultural Politics. Neil Ewin and Shelley Cobb, eds. Bloomsbury Academic Press.
Latinos at the Margins of Celebrity Culture: Informal Image Sales and the Politics of Paparazzi
NYU Press
2014. Latinos at the Margins of Celebrity Culture: Informal Image Sales and the Politics of Paparazzi. Chapter in the anthology Contemporary Latina/o Media: Production, Circulation, Politics. Arlene Dávila and Yeidy Rivero, eds. NYU Press.
"De Puerto Rico a Nueva York, De Puerto Rico a California": A Micro-History of Puerto Rican Activism and Pan-Ethnic Alliance in Southern California
Latino(a) Research Review
2012. "De Puerto Rico a Nueva York, De Puerto Rico a California": A Micro-History of Puerto Rican Activism and Pan-Ethnic Alliance in Southern California. Published in the Latino(a) Research Review (Fall 2012 special issue: The Legacies of Puerto Rican Social, Cultural, and Political Activism in the United States).
Cuban HipHop: Desde el Principio (From the Beginning)
2006. Cuban HipHop: Desde el Principio (From the Beginning). Feature length documentary film. Independent. Director, writer, producer.
Cuban HipHop: A Contemporary Example of Transculturation.
2002. Cuban HipHop: A Contemporary Example of Transculturation. Short documentary film. Independent. Director, writer, producer.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


orthodox christmas traditions throughout the orthodox world Christmas is a more purely religious feast in Orthodox Christian tradition-it is not as commercial as in some other parts of the world. For most Orthodox Christians it is a time of fasting, prayer, worship, sacraments, spiritual.
In Greek Orthodox homes, pieces of the cake or bread are cut in order of family order, with the elders taking the first pieces. Many cut symbolic pieces for Jesus Christ, or for the poor, before beginning to cut for family members. A česnica is the ceremonial, round loaf of bread that is an indispensable part of Christmas dinner in Serbian tradition. A coin or other small object is put into the dough during the kneading. This Serbian cesnica bread recipe makes a slightly sweet round ceremonial loaf baked with a coin inside to be served on Christmas Day.
orthodox christmas traditions throughout the orthodox world Christmas is a more purely religious feast in Orthodox Christian tradition-it is not as commercial as in some other parts of the world.
For most Orthodox Christians it is a time of fasting, prayer, worship, sacraments, spiritual renewal and philanthropy. A woman breaks traditional Christmas bread to mark the Orthodox Christmas Day festivities in Belgrade, Serbia, Wednesday, Jan. 7, 2016. Children traditionally scramble for a piece of the bread.
Jan 08, 2017 · People break traditional Christmas bread to mark the Orthodox Christmas Day festivities in Belgrade, Serbia, Saturday, Jan. 7, 2017. Children traditionally scramble for a piece of the bread, searching for a gold coin, hidden inside. Serbian Christmas Bread (Česnica) Ingredients: 1/2 l milk, 1 packet of yeast, 2 eggs, pinch of salt, flour as needed (about 1 kg), silver or gold coin.
(Mim Bizic with some of the Serbian Christmas items: psenica, kolach and the bread baked with a lucky coin. ) Moon woman keeps Serbian Orthodox Christmas customs alive Thursday, January 07, 2010 People break traditional Christmas bread to mark the Orthodox Christmas Day festivities in Belgrade, Serbia, Saturday, Jan. 7, 2017. Children traditionally scramble for a piece of the bread, searching for a gold coin, hidden inside.
For Serbs and several other Orthodox folks Christmas arrives on January 7 – our great nations never abandoned Julian calendar and as a result we are a little bit behind other Christians in celebrating the birth of Jesus. Cesnica: The Serbian Coin Bread Today is January 7th, it's Božic, it's Christmas for the Serbian and several other Orthodox folks around the globe who never abandoned Julian calendar and are a little bit behind other Christians in celebrating the birth of Jesus.
Serbian Christmas Bread (Česnica) Ingredients: 1/2 l milk, 1 packet of yeast, 2 eggs, pinch of salt, flour as needed (about 1 kg), silver or gold coin. Jan 7, 2013. For Serbs and several other Orthodox folks Christmas arrives on. table is chesnica [chesnitsa] the ceremonial bread with a silver or gold coin. An important Serbian Orthodox tradition on Christmas Eve is breaking and eating a special bread called cesnica.
The woman of the house hides a coin, usually a gold coin, inside the bread before. Vasilopita; Type: Bread or cake. the traditions surrounding a cake with a hidden coin are attached to Epiphany or to Christmas. A coin is hidden in the bread. Jun 13, 2018. This Serbian cesnica bread recipe makes a slightly sweet round ceremonial loaf baked with a coin inside to be served on Christmas Day.
The traditional Christmas bread, pitka or pita, is fascinating as well: a coin is placed inside the dough during the kneading process, then the bread is baked, and served. The person who finds the coin while eating is said to have good luck in the upcoming year. An ultimate Orthodox Christmas in Belgrade.
a Christmas bread with a coin hidden inside. As per tradition, the person who finds the coin in its slice will be. Serbian Christmas Christmas Bread Christmas Baking Christmas Recipes Serbian Food Serbian Recipes Bakery Ideas Christmas Morning Silver Coins Forward This Serbian cesnica bread recipe makes a slightly sweet round ceremonial loaf baked with a coin inside to be served on Christmas Day. Each bread has a coin and it is believed whoever receives the coin will receive good luck for the upcoming year.
Sale which will be at the St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church Hall on Friday and. Christian Serb Orthodox believers breaking traditional Christmas bread to mark the Orthodox Christmas Day festivities in Belgrade, Serbia, Friday, Jan.
7, 2011. searching for a gold coin. A česnica also called Božićna pogača is the ceremonial, round loaf of bread that is an indispensable part of Christmas dinner in Serbian tradition. The preparation of this bread may be accompanied by various rules and rituals. A coin is often put into the dough during the kneading; other small objects. This is because the Serbian Orthodox Church uses the Julian calendar. Serbian Christmas traditions are customs and practices of the Serbs associated with Christmas and a period encompassing it.
He would take with him a loaf of bread called good luck, prepared particularly for this ritual, rakia. he moves the log a little forward and throws a coin into the fire.
Dec 2, 2017. Orthodox christmas bread coin is a Serbian bread served on Christmas morning. A silver coin is baked inside and whoever finds it will have good luck. Česnica is a Serbian Christmas sweet-bread baked on Christmas Eve, which falls on January 6th in the Old Calendar. It is tall, round, and resembles a crown, celebrating the birth of Christ the King.
The bread also contains a coin which bestows a blessing upon the person who finds it. A coin or a little figurine is hidden inside the bread to commemorate all the good deeds of Agios Vasilis and honor his acts of charity. Christmas Traditions in the Balkans A little more to the North, in Serbia and Montenegro, orthodox people also prefer to exchange gifts on the New Year's Eve, dedicating Christmas Day (January 7 th ) to.
Vasilopita (Greek: Βασιλόπιτα, Vasilópita, lit. '(St. ) Basil-pie' or 'king pie see below) is a New Year's Day bread or cake in Greece and many other areas in eastern Europe and the Balkans which contains a hidden coin. Serbian Christmas Christmas Bread Christmas Baking Christmas Recipes Serbian Food Serbian Recipes Bakery Ideas Christmas Morning Silver Coins Forward This Serbian cesnica bread Orthodox christmas bread coin makes a slightly sweet round ceremonial loaf baked with a coin inside to be served on Christmas Day.
(Mim Bizic with some of the Serbian Christmas items: psenica, kolach and the bread baked with a lucky coin. ) Moon woman keeps Serbian Orthodox Christmas customs alive. Thursday, January 07, 2010.
By Ann Rodgers, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Serbian Orthodox Traditional Christmas Bread Known as a Cesnica. Christmas Eve Honey Bread - a traditional Bulgarian Christmas bread which has a coin in. Coin bread or Christmas Cake with a coin in it is eaten at the end of the meal. Christmas Eve is also when the traditional oak yule log, called a 'badnik is brought into the house and is lit (the Christmas Eve meal is also sometimes called 'badnik dinner').
An ultimate Orthodox Christmas in Belgrade. Ljiljana Krejic. January 2018. English (Original). Another core dish is "česnica", a Christmas bread with a coin hidden inside. As per tradition, the person who finds the coin in its slice will be fortunate in the following year. January 7 is Christmas Day for most of orthodox Christians who follow the Julian calendar. In Serbia this bread is important in celebrating Christmas. Baking it follows certain rules and.
I have a gold Australian coin. I don't have a Serbian one! Jan 13, 2009 · Česnica is a Serbian bread served on Christmas morning. A silver coin is baked inside and whoever finds it will have good luck.
Česnica is a Serbian bread served on Christmas morning. A silver coin is baked inside and whoever finds it will have good luck. SHARE PIN EMAIL. Česnica is a Serbian Christmas sweet-bread baked on Christmas Eve, which falls on January 6th in the Old Calendar.
It is tall, round, and resembles a crown, celebrating the birth of Christ the King. The bread also contains a coin which bestows a blessing upon the person who finds it. At the. Lifestyle › London Life Why Russia, Romania and 14 other countries celebrate Christmas on January 7 January 7 is Christmas Day in many countries across the world.
Each bread has a coin and it is believed whoever receives the coin will receive good luck for the upcoming year. Sale which will be at the St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church Hall on Friday and. Jan 5, 2015. The bread also contains a coin which bestows a blessing upon the person who finds it.
At the beginning of Christmas dinner, three candles are. Koleda Leb (Macedonian Christmas Eve Bread) 24 December, 2013 by Tara 1 Comment It is Christmas Eve for many of us today, but for Orthodox Christians in Macedonia, Christmas celebrations begin on the evening of January 5th- January 6 with Koleda (Christmas Eve) and Christmas day is January 7th.


This weekend's Spring weather wasn't good for everyone—and by everyone we mean dogs, who cannot sweat and are prone to sunburns, and thus probably less excited about the warm sensation of sun on their skin.
In New York: I was walking up Madison with a friend on my way back to MYMU Shoebox (Office), when on the corner of 60th and Madison a woman whips around the corner onto Madison from Fifth Avenue. Before I realized what I was seeing she was half a block ahead of me speeding to her next stop. The poor dog did not seem to enjoy his journey in a (human) baby holder, and I can imagine being that man's best (and pronouncedly four-legged) friend isn't built to sit upright.


Slowly I tried to acclimate to my shockingly unfamiliar surroundings. The straw mat I sat on crinkled against the dirt floor of the deteriorating brick building. I was in the community center for a group of refugees from Bangladesh.
If this place is where severely impoverished people escaped to, my American sensibilities couldn't even begin to imagine where they had escaped from.
The smell of Kolkata (formerly known as Calcutta), a mixture of pollution, meals cooked street-side, excrement and trash, permeated the room and filled my nose and thoughts with each new waft. Our missions team and the women we had come to visit sat cross-legged, knees touching, both for the sake of space and intimacy.
Because there were women, there were also children—beautiful dark-eyed, raven- haired children. Their smiles were as full of hope as my own two boys' thousands of miles away.
But the women, beaten down by poverty and the harshness of their lives, were different.
My eyes roamed the room as my heart cried out to Jesus for His redeeming love. Although the faces were beyond beautiful, the eyes set into them were dark with despair and hopelessness.
As I stood before them and spoke, bleak eyes met my own which were full of pleading for them to accept the Hope-Giver. Then I saw her.
One woman's face in a crowd of darkness radiated light. It held a beauty that went beyond the physical. I couldn't wait to find out what God was doing in the bright heart behind that one illuminated face.
When our service was complete, I moved through the crowd toward her and asked, "What was Jesus doing in your heart as I spoke?"
The woman joyfully replied, "I already love Jesus. I was happy to hear you speak of Him."
Oh! I'm sure my face lit with understanding as I heard this woman's story of meeting Jesus in such harsh conditions.
Jesus came as the Light of the world, full of mercy, truth and grace. His life within a believer is so completely transforming that His light chases away darkness and shadows. It was stunning to see the reality of Light in the darkness in the life of one shining woman in a crowd of faces that had not yet met Him.
This past Saturday, October 22, I boarded a plane once again to speak with women in India, covered with support from friends, family and Proverbs 31 Ministries. I went full of His light, simply because I'm His child. I pray as I share the hope that dwells within me, more faces will light up the darkened rooms with an internal luminosity that only belief in Jesus gives.
As children of God, we can all be spreaders of the hope we've been given in Christ. I invite you to pray about your own way to share the light of God's redeeming love—on a missions trip, with a neighbor in crisis or in a lunchtime conversation at your workplace. Oh how I'd love to hear about what God does and join you in praying for hearts to be illuminated with His light.
Dear Lord, thank You for Your light that floods Your children. You've taken us out of darkness and given us a new home in Your light. Let our thankfulness compel us to share The Light with others. In Jesus' Name, Amen.
Visit Amy's blog to read about how she prepared for her missions trip to India. She'll be blogging as often as she can while she travels, so be sure to watch for updates and pictures. Will you join us in praying for the women in India that she'll be ministering to?
Please pray for Amy and the team from Encouraging Words. Their hearts' desire is to bring Jesus' light into the darkness!
There are so many ministries that equip others to spread His light. Pray and ask God how you can take part and/or support these ministries.
Am I called to spread His Light where I live, in my neighborhood, workplace or community?
Is God calling me to spread His Light to the nations?


Simulates the operation of the Samaritan PAD AED. A great tool for CPR/AED training.; Practice with 8 different rescue scenarios. The trainer includes a pause feature to assist with instruction during a mock rescue. Each trainer includes training pads, rechargeable battery, battery charger, and user manual.


text:
US Government Confiscates 67mn Worth Of Assets From Man Without Due Process
Posted by Alec Cope | Mar 29, 2015 |
Kim Dotcom (Reuters / Nigel Marple)
Megaupload streaming service mogul Kim Dotcom has just been slapped with a civil penalty from the US government. The lawsuit will cost him $67 million worth of assets, including cars, property and luxury goods.
The victory by the US court comes as he lost the right to contest the seizure of the assets.
Dotcom, who is wanted in the United States for copyright infringement through the former file-sharing website, told the Herald on Sunday that this is indicative of the "sad state" of the US justice system.
"By labeling me a fugitive, the US court has allowed the US government to legally steal all of my assets without any trial, without any due process, without any test of the merits," he said, vowing to appeal the decision, which his legal team says would likely not hold up in New Zealand or Hong Kong courts.
I never lived there
I never traveled there
I had no company there
But all I worked for now belongs to the U.S.https://t.co/l3B0Cuj0tr
— Kim Dotcom (@KimDotcom) March 29, 2015
"The asset forfeiture was a default judgment. I was disentitled to defend myself," the internet guru went on. "First the US judge ruled that I can't mount any defense in the asset forfeiture case because according to him I'm a 'fugitive'… Think about that for a moment. I have always said that I'm innocent. There was no conspiracy. I have done nothing wrong."
He also claims the US government had to act in this way to spare the New Zealand authorities from having to return all of his assets in mid-April, when he claims he will have gone to the Appeals Court and won them back.
PreviousGeorge Soros Admits US Coup In Ukraine Is Failing
NextGoogle controls what we buy, the news we read — and Obama's policies
Alec Cope
After years of research and a series of unpleasant experiences concerning the current child protection services system, Alec Cope decided to combat the cancerous corruption through information. Freelance writing articles as a form of protest and distributing them throughout his former high-school and local area, Alec struck special chords with whomever he was in contact with.Alec has been involved in activism such as sit down protests as well as Idle No More gatherings. Being independent for the majority of his time, Alec became a member of the WeAreChange family to assist one of the organizations that inspired him to become active in the first place. With a larger platform and positive support Alec has committed the majority of his time to research, writing, and maintaining social media with the goal to continue expanding the awakening sweeping throughout all levels of society.Growing up within a rural area in Northern Michigan as well as being a native American descendant, Alec is seeking to expose environmental abuse in his state as well as globally. A high-school dropout, Alec chases his passion for writing and empowering individuals while showing any isolated person that they too can overcome the odds with a community that will support them. Alec lives in the lower peninsula of Michigan near Kalamazoo.https://www.facebook.com/alec.cope.75alecope8@gmail.comhttps://www.twitter.com/AlecCopehttp://www.pinterest.com/aleccope75/


text:
class ExpRecordTable < BaseTable
  table_name 'exp_transactions'
  scope { |ids| within_courses(ids) }

  def migrate_batch(batch)
    batch.each do |old|
      new = ::Course::ExperiencePointsRecord.new

      migrate(old, new) do
        column :exp => :points_awarded
        column :reason do
          old.reason.blank? ? '( No Reason )' : old.reason
        end
        column :course_user_id do
          store.get(V1::UserCourse.table_name, old.user_course_id)
        end
        column :creator_id do
          result = store.get(V1::Course.table_name, old.giver_id)
          new.updater_id = result
          result
        end
        column :updater_id do
          store.get(V1::Course.table_name, old.giver_id)
        end

        column :giver_id => :awarder_id
        column :awarded_at do
          old.created_at
        end

        column :created_at
        column :updated_at
        skip_saving_unless_valid

        store.set(model.table_name, old.id, new.id)
      end
    end
  end
end

# Schema
#
# V2:
#
# create_table "course_experience_points_records", force: :cascade do |t|
#   t.integer  "actable_id"
#   t.string   "actable_type",         :limit=>255, :index=>{:name=>"index_course_experience_points_records_on_actable", :with=>["actable_id"], :unique=>true}
#   t.integer  "draft_points_awarded"
#   t.integer  "points_awarded"
#   t.integer  "course_user_id",       :null=>false, :index=>{:name=>"fk__course_experience_points_records_course_user_id"}, :foreign_key=>{:references=>"course_users", :name=>"fk_course_experience_points_records_course_user_id", :on_update=>:no_action, :on_delete=>:no_action}
#   t.string   "reason",               :limit=>255
#   t.integer  "creator_id",           :null=>false, :index=>{:name=>"fk__course_experience_points_records_creator_id"}, :foreign_key=>{:references=>"users", :name=>"fk_course_experience_points_records_creator_id", :on_update=>:no_action, :on_delete=>:no_action}
#   t.integer  "updater_id",           :null=>false, :index=>{:name=>"fk__course_experience_points_records_updater_id"}, :foreign_key=>{:references=>"users", :name=>"fk_course_experience_points_records_updater_id", :on_update=>:no_action, :on_delete=>:no_action}
#   t.datetime "created_at",           :null=>false
#   t.datetime "updated_at",           :null=>false
#   t.integer  "awarder_id",           :index=>{:name=>"fk__course_experience_points_records_awarder_id"}, :foreign_key=>{:references=>"users", :name=>"fk_course_experience_points_records_awarder_id", :on_update=>:no_action, :on_delete=>:no_action}
#   t.datetime "awarded_at"
# end

# V1:
#
# create_table "exp_transactions", :force => true do |t|
#   t.integer  "exp"
#   t.string   "reason"
#   t.boolean  "is_valid"
#   t.integer  "user_course_id"
#   t.integer  "giver_id"
#   t.datetime "created_at",      :null => false
#   t.datetime "updated_at",      :null => false
#   t.time     "deleted_at"
#   t.integer  "rewardable_id"
#   t.string   "rewardable_type"
# end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Avon has been granted US Patents 9,956,151 and 9,968,538 for the technology currently included in the Anew Reversalist Infinite Effects — billed as the first rotational anti-aging night cream that provides continuous results that do not stall over a full year—and most recently the Anew Ultimate Infinite Effects products.
"Infinite Effects is our biggest game-changer of the last 15 years. The idea of interval training for your skin to avoid the commonly reported 'plateau effect' is an inspired concept with impressive ongoing results proven through a one year clinical study. I'm very proud of the world-class team behind this innovation," Louise Scott, Chief Scientific Officer, Avon, said in a press statement released from Avon's London office.
Anew Reversalist Infinite Effects rolled out last year.


text:
Q: How to update Fail Text in RED in TestRail I wanted to update the Particular Text like Passed in Green and Failed in RED in TestRail.
It is a text area where we are entering the comment.. But looks like that Textarea will not render html code.
https://www.gurock.com/testrail/docs/user-guide/getting-started/editor
When I read that they are not supporting color for the text area..
You cannot use Markdown or HTML within a code block, which makes them a convenient way to show samples of Markdown or HTML syntax:

we can not change the HTML page but the only option is passing HTML code to the content.
Any possibility is there?


Ballard has transformed into one of Seattle's most hip and lively hoods. Hjarta boasts a 97 Walkscore. Walkability is the single most influential consideration in assessing a homes value, especially condos. Walkability in Ballard keeps improving and so will home values. Ballards Schools are rated better than 94% of schools nationwide helping to further increase your investments return!
Some of Seattle's best restaurants, bars, breweries and more are in the Ballard core. Stroll from brewery to brewery or take in the year round farmers market located in the heart of Ballard. Brunch at Portage Bay or grab fish and chips after strolling through the locks.
There are three major factors that push homes to be considered blue chip. Location, location, oh and we mustn't forget about location. For the first point this home is located center to all Ballard's most popular happenings. For our second point there are multiple, quick commute options to ALL of Seattle's major employment centers including Amazon, Microsoft, Facebook, Tableau, and Google. Last and certainly not least, the Hjarta is quick to most other neighborhoods making visiting your loved ones fun and painless. You'll love living here.
It's so easy to get distracted while working from home. And while many of the tech companies offer this to their employees, it can be distracting. Having a designated space may be just what you need to have some me time but also still keep that separation between work and day-to-day life.
Ballard is an amazing neighborhood with everything you could need, there's no reason to leave. Commuting is made easy by the Microsoft Connector, Rapid Ride and a plethora of buses to University, Downtown and SLU.
Walk to the Ballard farmers market ALL year round!
Walkability is AMAZING here with a score of 97.
One block from a MSFT Connector stop & across the street from the Rapid Ride to SLU & Downtown.
Work from home in a designated office space.
Room for your off season essentials in the large and secure storage unit.
Ballard has some of the best bars and restaurants right around the corner .
Commuting from Ballard is a breeze! Hop on a commuter and work from your laptop, sleep, eat whatever.. At least you don't have to drive! Getting to SLU from Ballard is made easier with the Rapid Ride. 29 minutes including your walk and just one bus!
Working from home is great and a lot of companies are hiring remote workers or have the option to work from home a few days a week. The only downside, is not feeling like you can turn things off. Studies show that having a designated space to work makes you more efficient and allows you to turn off your work when you need to while at home. Close your lapton and leave it in the den!
Work out at home, entertain on the roof and entertain guests in the community room.
A 97 walkscore is truly something to boast about. Hjarta is so close to so many things. Transportation is easy and you can easily ditch your car. Walk to get groceries or drive a few minutes to Trader Joes, New Seasons, Fred Meyer and more stores coming soon. Or don't grocery shop at all and enjoy the delicious restaurants that flood the area.


I've been snooping around New York City real estate this month. Frankly, if I don't move to a different apartment every 4 to 9 years, something is wrong. That's because apartments, unlike houses, are supposed to fit your life, and not the other way around. When you live in New York City, your neighborhood defines your life – considerations such as walk-in closets and hot tubs are not on the agenda.
The higher I go, the more expensive the apartments get!
Sometimes people can't move because they have such a sweetheart deal in rent stabilization that they'd be stupid to give it up. Sometimes, they can't move because they bought a co-op (kinda like a condo – the nitty gritty details are here) and now it's either underwater and they have to wait until the price goes up, or the neighborhood has gotten so amazingly expensive that they want to stay put rather than being priced out. Those folks are in the minority. The average New Yorker is much more mobile: just under half of New Yorkers moved at least once during a 5-year period, and most of those move from within the city.
I'm solidly in that demographic, and I've been both owner and renter. Although I've lived mostly in Manhattan, the outer boroughs hold no terrors for me (well, except for Staten Island). If you're a new New Yorker just off the plane, a wannabe eyeing the city with desire, or an old New Yorker thinking about moving somewhere else, here are some things to consider.
You need to love your neighborhood. When you're ready to move, you either already love your neighborhood, or you're going to learn to love a new one. If you hate your neighborhood, you're sunk. How do you know if you'll love it? Only two ways – you already live there, or you jump right in and try it. If you jump right in, probably best to rent for a while to see how you like it. That being said, there are some basic ingredients that will help you make this an easier decision.
No kids? No plans for any? Skip this section. The rest of you parents have already started obsessing about school districts the minute you saw the 2 bars on that little plastic stick. Even if your favorite nabes is not your favorite zoned school district, you can always opt for other creative choices such as private, charter, public charter, G&T, home school. If you're the parent of a 3 year old, you're already on top of this. If not, get busy but don't go crazy. That's what the 'burbs are for: going crazy.
Guess what honey? We need to move to a new school district.
I'm not talking about buildings that compost, although that may be important to you. Some of you dream of living downtown, what with all the tourists and excitement. I'm happier walking down a tree-lined street to the local postage-stamp park to watch the Russian grannies feeding pigeons (disclaimer, which they really shouldn't be doing! But they are.) The rest of you are free to find glass and steel in the sky, which has its own allure.
Now, your car loves you back!
to cater to your preferred way of life. I'm the opposite. I have a short list of places I need to be able to walk to in 5 minutes or less: good espresso (Starbucks counts), a superette that sells decent bananas, some kind of low-impact exercise class (tai chi in a church, whatever), a hardware store, at least 4 decent restaurants, and a basic diner that I can complain about in terms of poor food quality, high price, and bad service. Oh, and a nail salon and barbershop to maintain a lively choice of personal grooming options and local gossip.
I live 3 minutes away — got any ripe bananas?
How far is it to the nearest subway? Ideally, you're never more than an 8 minute walk to an entrance. Ideally. Sometimes, this is not possible. In that case, figure out the bus routes. It's totally do-able to take an express bus to midtown, or even a city bus to a subway station. Some people even like being out at the final stop on the 7 because it means you always get a seat, the neighborhood is "real", and no one will ever visit you. There's usually a few subway and bus options in every NY neighborhood, so ask the locals before you assume you know what you're doing.
Don't move too far from this.
This one is a bit harder to pin down, but you'll know it when you see it. After you've looked at your potential new digs, you need to walk around the neighborhood. How does it feel? What's around you? Does your stomach have a strange, sinking feeling as you walk out the door? Or, instead, do you find yourself smiling as you turn the corner to your new building? I've seen some drop-dead gorgeous apartments at the right price, but when you walk down to the "shopping area", it looks exactly like a sad little strip mall in New Jersey from 1982: lots of parking lots, low buildings, and no one is at the bus stop but people who can't afford a car. Run far, far away. On the other hand, a miniature closet-sized apartment with no room for a bed? In the right neighborhood, that can be a great find.
Where's real estate on this wheel?
New York is pricey. Real estate is fraught. Here are some things to think about as you run the numbers.
Sign here. You won't regret it, I promise!
sure you're comparing apartments in the same neighborhood. If you buy, don't forget the common costs, which we call "maintenance" and which you'll pay each month on top of your mortgage. Sometimes electricity is included in the maintenance, so ask. Don't forget to plan for when you're ready to sell, and ask about the "flip tax". The flip tax is where the co-op skims off a percentage of the sale. Good for the co-op, bad for the seller. Rentals have hidden fees, too, so ask about those.
The price goes up vertically from the sidewalk, and down horizontally from Central Park in all directions (also from Wall Street). Walk 3 blocks in New York, and you can be in a whole different world, with different prices to match. Other factors that affect housing availability are the white-haired old lefties who start waving signs whenever anyone proposes a set of new high-rises, and greedy real estate developers who routinely bribe city planners to let them ride roughshod over widows and orphans. Still and all, New York tends to land on its feet. Knowing the price factors, political climate, and planned new construction will give you an edge.
No, you can't get a bargain on the Upper West Side any longer. But what about the Bronx? What about north of Hamilton Heights? What about those parts of Brooklyn you never even heard of? What about (shudder) Staten Island? You could try a room share until you hit the bigtime, or a furnished sublet until you figure it all out. Think out of the box, but don't overextend yourself and plunk down too much for too little. Some places (co-ops, mostly) require that you follow the 25-percent rule: 25% of your gross income should be spent on housing, and no more. You'll need to be the judge of the elevation/location/square-footage cost balance act.
Otherwise, you may find yourself back in that sad, sorry strip mall drinking a watery latte and wondering where it all went wrong.


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Religious tradition among conservatives by frequency of reading scripture
Religious tradition among conservatives by frequency of reading scripture (2014) Switch to: Frequency of reading scripture among conservatives by religious group
% of conservatives who are…
Frequency of reading scripture
Evangelical Protestant
Historically Black Protestant
Mainline Protestant
Other World Religions
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
< 1% 13% 55% < 1% 9% 1% 1% 11% 5% 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% 4% < 1% 6,461
< 1% 24% 37% < 1% 6% < 1% 1% 20% 2% 1% 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% 7% < 1% 1,362
< 1% 27% 28% 1% 6% 1% 1% 22% 1% < 1% 1% 1% 1% < 1% 10% < 1% 969
1% 32% 15% < 1% 3% < 1% 2% 18% 1% < 1% < 1% < 1% 1% < 1% 26% < 1% 4,047
Learn More: Catholic, Evangelical Protestant, Historically Black Protestant, Jewish, Mainline Protestant, Mormon, Unaffiliated (religious "nones")


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-Top News
-Top NewsUSA
Jeffries to lead House Democrats after Pelosi
-Top NewsUSA December 1, 2022 December 1, 2022
Jeffries will succeed Nancy Pelosi and he will assume the title of Minority Leader when the new congress starts in January 3…reports Yashwant Raj
Democratic members of the US House of Representatives elected Hakeem Jeffries as their leader Wednesday, making him the first African American to get that job.
Jeffries will succeed Nancy Pelosi and he will assume the title of Minority Leader when the new congress starts in January 3.
Jeffries is 52 and his election — by acclamation — was marked by a generational shift in the Democratic party leadership.
Katherine Clark, 58, is the new party whip, chief counter of votes, and Pete Aguilar, 43, will head the party caucus in charge of messaging. All three replace colleagues in their late 70s and 80s.
"Congratulations to Leader-designate Hakeem Jeffries, Whip-designate Katherine M. Clark and Chairman-designate Pete Aguilar!" Pelosi said in a statement.
"Together, this new generation of leaders reflects the vibrancy and diversity of our great nation — and they will reinvigorate our Caucus with their new energy, ideas and perspective."
Pelosi led House Democrats for two decades, which included stints as the first woman to hold the post of speaker of the House, which put her second in line to the presidency after the vice-president. She saw out four presidents and clashed bitterly with one of them – former US President Donald Trump.
At age 82, Pelosi was under increasing pressure from within the Democratic party to make way for someone younger.
She announced stepping from the top party position some days, but added she will continue to be a member of the House, where she represents San Francisco, California.
Jeffries is a lawyer from Brooklyn, New York and has described himself a progressive, belonging to a particularly liberal group within the Democratic party (which also includes Indian Americans Pramila Jayapal and Ro Khanna). He was first elected to the House in 2013 and since 2019 has held the position of the chair of the Democratic caucus.
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Trump kicks off first 2024 presidential campaign
US tech giants continue firing spree
Blinken affirms support for Egypt


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Gov Cuomo: Reason For Vaccine Delays
February 19, 2021 Brian O'Neil Home Page Headlines, Local News 0
STATEMENT FROM GOVERNOR ANDREW M. CUOMO UPDATING NEW YORKERS ON VACCINE SHIPPING DELAYS
"The federal government previously informed New York that the winter storms impacting much of the country have delayed nearly all shipments of the COVID-19 vaccine, and since then we have been in constant contact with our federal partners to track any incoming shipments and make the necessary adjustments to our operations.
"We have now been informed that shipments of the Pfizer vaccine that should have been delivered already but were delayed due to weather are scheduled to arrive by Monday, and orders placed within the last 48 hours will be sent after, with expected arrival on Tuesday and Wednesday. Delayed shipments of the Moderna vaccine should arrive by the middle of next week, with orders placed within the last 48 hours expected to arrive next Thursday and Friday.
"We will continue to track these shipments closely over the coming days and keep New Yorkers informed about any changes in existing appointments. At this time, no appointments at state-run sites have been rescheduled due to these shipping issues. In the meantime, we are doing everything we can to get shots into arms as quickly and fairly as possible so we can defeat this beast once and for all."
February 19, 2021 – Steuben County Reports 17 New Cases
Governor Cuomo: Nursing Home Visitation Update


In Chambers International, the range of translation services has been broadened to take into consideration the needs of newly developed and specialized industries.
Since 1995, Chambers International has been serving clients in rapidly changing business environments especially in Asia. Rapid urbanization, changes in demographics and the rise of Asian middle-class have impacted the translation needs of our clients. Therefore, Chambers International has expanded to offer more customized services apart from translation of documents to suit the needs of a wider range of industries and cater for all types of media.
Chambers International is well equipped with a ready team of competent and experienced native translators who are highly proficient in the relevant language pairs; and are knowledgeable in the relevant industries to help clients in the translation of their documents. Our pool of experienced translators whose primary expertise is in their language pairs, includes medical practitioners, pharmacists, journalists, lawyers and paralegals, banking and insurance professionals , HR practitioners, etc.


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Home Politics Anambra govt rescues 13-year-old mother impregnated by guardian
Anambra govt rescues 13-year-old mother impregnated by guardian
A 13-year-old girl (name withheld) who recently delivered a baby has been rescued by the Anambra State Ministry of Women and Children's Welfare and kept in a safe place.
The news of the delivery of the teenage girl broke out on social media at the weekend, leading the Commissioner for women and children's welfare to go in search of her.
The teenage mother was rescued by the team from the ministry and taken to a safe place.
In an interview, she stated that she was put in the family way by her guardian, who was identified as Mr Sunday. The girl who hails from Akwa Ibom, while her biological parents stay in Agulu, Anambra state said she was not the only one involved in Mr Sunday's knack for defiling children.
"Mr Sunday's wife is known as Madam Ghana. This started when Madam Ghana travelled to the village. I'm not the only one involved. There is another girl who is seven years old, Mr Sunday used to sleep with her too.
"I once told Madam Ghana about it, and she cautioned her husband, but when it continued, I could not do much any longer."
Meanwhile, spokesperson of the ministry, Miss Chidimma Ikeanyionwu has revealed that Mr Sunday has been arrested.
Ikeanyionwu said the culprit has been arrested and would be charged in court soon.
Ikeanyionwu quoted the commissioner for women and children's welfare as saying that the Anambra state government would not tolerate such indecent action and that as many people indulge in such activities, the government will ensure that they do not go free.
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Research : Archive
CHEM+C
Integration of Environmental Chemistry and Computing to Advance Evidence-based Reasoning, Problem Solving, and Computational Thinking in Middle School Students (CHEM+C)
Computing has become an integral part of everyday practice within modern fields of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). As a result, the STEM+Computing Partnerships (STEM+C) program seeks to advance new approaches to, and evidence-based understanding of, the integration of computing in STEM teaching and learning. Computational Thinking (CT) is an intellectual skill rooted in the ability to conceive of meaningful, information-based representations that can be effectively manipulated by a computer. Integrating CT into core science instruction addresses practical constraints in K-12 education, in that there is no room in the curriculum to teach it directly to everyone. But, more importantly, integrating CT into core science provides a synergistic opportunity to deepen instruction in both. STEM education programs that effectively foster development of CT skills as an essential competency are among the most successful in preparing a future STEM workforce that can leverage computational methods to advance basic science and engineering research and design innovative approaches for using data-rich resources to solve complex, societally-relevant problems. Similarly, a science-literate society increasingly needs to appreciate how advances in scientific knowledge are inter-woven with the use of big data, modeling, and simulations, if they are to make informed, evidence-based decisions. This project will explore the integration of core chemistry topics and computational thinking through student interaction with and manipulation of models that visually represent chemical systems, such as the carbon cycle. When a student examines a visual, runnable model, makes a prediction, changes the programming code, and then runs the model again, the computer provides feedback to the student that demands explanation. The process of anticipating, interpreting, and testing the computer's feedback, when coupled with a structured argumentation process, supports a student's abilities to think and act like a scientist as they explore and learn about both the computational and physical world.
Virginia Tech and the University of Texas at Austin will investigate a method of broadening access to CT thinking by providing it in a context that all students take: 8th Grade Integrated Science. Targeted chemistry topics will be embedded into editable, runnable computational models that are themselves embedded within a pedagogy of structured scientific argumentation focused on the production of evidence-based reasoning. Students will learn about chemical systems, as well as key concepts such as equilibrium and reaction rates, through interacting with models as they are represented visually and about CT through modifying and adapting the code to better represent aspects of the chemical systems. Four computational chemistry tasks, including computer models and associated standards-aligned curricula, will be developed and refined using participatory, design-based research techniques, in partnership with four Austin, TX teachers serving ~300 students from a variety of socio-economic settings. A curricular framework called Argument Driven Computational Thinking and two associated assessment tools – the Performance Assessment of Computational Thinking and the Computing Attitudes Test – will be developed and validated. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of videotaped classroom instructional activities, student artifacts, and computer-use logs will be used to document the effectiveness and broad utility of this new model for integrating chemistry and computing. A post-doctoral fellow and two graduate students will be trained through this project.
Partners / Collaborators
Deborah Tatar
Stephanie Rivale
Felicia Etzkorn
Victor Sampson
Virginia Tech, Institute for Creativity, Art and Technology
Chemistry+Computing: Integration of Argumentation, Computational Thinking and Chemistry
Publications / Presentations
Can computational thinking change how we teach science?
Deborah Tatar, Virginia Tech
View Online (YouTube)
Contact Dr. Sampson
Sanchez Building (SZB) 340F
victor.sampson@utexas.edu


Many of you may know of my contributions with other entities, but this is solely my new endeavor to expand on. This concept is merely an expansion of the MHRE that I have worked on over the past 10+ years. From building marketing concepts and social networking, to creating designs and artwork for both business and fun... I've done it all.
Now, it's your turn to start XPLORING.
Inside, you will find all sorts of information as well as networking and development tools that will help assist you in your own endeavors. More content will be added regularly, so keep checking back. If you would like to sign up to the Mailing List, you can do that here.


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April 19, 2016 /0 Comments/in News /by Dana Kaye
https://joshuascher.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/logo-master-V-dark.png 0 0 Dana Kaye https://joshuascher.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/logo-master-V-dark.png Dana Kaye2016-04-19 12:02:332016-04-19 12:05:22San Francisco Examiner calls TRIANGLE "…a fulfilling and well-crafted musical theater experience with a deep and heart-stirring humanity."
https://joshuascher.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/logo-master-V-dark.png 0 0 Dana Kaye https://joshuascher.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/logo-master-V-dark.png Dana Kaye2016-04-19 12:02:052016-04-19 12:06:55Regarding Arts reviews TRIANGLE as "A beautiful new musical …engaging the audience immediately with humor, romance and pathos."
TRIANGLE wins six Theatre Bay Area Awards including "Outstanding World Premiere Musical," and the Bay Area Critics Circle Award for Best Overall Production
https://joshuascher.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/logo-master-V-dark.png 0 0 Dana Kaye https://joshuascher.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/logo-master-V-dark.png Dana Kaye2016-04-19 12:00:292016-04-19 12:07:35TRIANGLE wins six Theatre Bay Area Awards including "Outstanding World Premiere Musical," and the Bay Area Critics Circle Award for Best Overall Production


My Moustache brings all the girls to the yard! Do you have a mustache that you're proud of? Do you get all the ladies? Then get this awesome and funny t-shirt and let everyone know how powerful that mustache is!


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Chess Direct Ltd. | Chess on DVD Video | DVD Video Coaching with the Masters | Closing Gambit (DVD)
Closing Gambit (DVD)
Ref: DVDCG
Alan Byron (Director)
1978 Korchnoi versus Karpov and the Kremlin
The never before told story of an extraordinarily bizarre sporting event. 1978 sees World Chess Champion, Anatoly Karpov - a loyal member of the Soviet Communist Party and personal friend of the Soviet leader - take on the recently defected Russian dissident, Victor Korchnoi, for the World Chess Championship in Baguio City in the Philippines.
While at first it seemed Karpov had the obvious lead, Korchnoi retaliated with a succession of wins to level the score. It appeared the "Soviet Ice Man" had begun to melt! On the surface, it was just a game of chess, but as the world s press flocked to what became known as The Battle of Baguio, it became clear that the Soviet regime were fighting for victory on every front.
While the rivalry on the chess board continued unrelenting, the teams were embroiled in a peculiar series of espionage attempts. Parapsychologists, thought waves, flag wars, mirrored sunglasses, coded yoghurts, KGB agents and two Eastern mystics wanted for attempted murder were just some of the events that overtook chess in this dramatic world championship match.
Directed by Alan Byron, featuring Garry Kasparov, Anatoly Karpov, Victor Korchnoi and many other leading chess players.
Released 2018. Video running time: 85 minutes approx. Disc format PAL, Region code: All.
A Practical White Repertoire with 1.d4 and 2.c4: Volume 1
Understanding Before Moving 2: Queen's Gambit Structures
Unboxed Tournament Chess Pieces (black and lightwood colour)
Price each:£7.50 (4 or fewer items)
Price each:£6.90 (5 or more items)
Checkmate (DVD)
The Master Game Series 6 & 7


Heartworm is a parasite commonly found in dogs and can be fatal if not prevented or treated. Larvae are transmitted to a dog via a mosquito bite and eventually find their way into the heart and respiratory system. Once the larvae have reached the heart, they begin to grow and do their damage. Heartworm parasites have a slow growth cycle and perform their destructive work over a long timeframe. It can be years before the signs are noticed, and by then it may be too late. Treatment may be possible, but the damage to the heart is usually significant. It's best to engage in preventative measures to make sure your dog is kept healthy and free from heartworm parasites.
Heartworm, also called heartworm disease, is a type of roundworm known as dirofilariasis. The parasite that causes the disease is known as Dirofilaria immitis. It takes six to seven months for larvae to mature to adulthood where it begins the reproduction cycle. A single adult heartworm can reach up to 12 inches in length and live up to seven years.
How Does a Dog Get Heartworm?
Mosquitoes carry the immature larvae of the heartworm in their gut. When an infected mosquito bites a dog, it injects the larvae into the dog. From there, the larvae find their way to the heart, major blood vessels, and lungs. Upon lodging, the larvae begin to grow and reach maturity over the better part of a year.
What Happens to a Dog With Heartworm?
A dog with heartworm will lose its energy levels and become more lethargic over time. This loss of energy is the direct result of the blockages and damage that the adult heartworms are conflicting on the internal organs. A dog with advanced heartworm disease can experience sudden death in the form of heart failure or pulmonary thrombosis.
Veterinarians can test for heartworm by taking a blood sample from a dog and testing it for heartworm proteins. If no proteins are present, the dog is considered to be free from infestation. In the event there are proteins, the veterinarian will have more tests done to confirm or invalidate the diagnosis.
When a veterinarian determines that a dog is a good candidate for treatment, he or she will ask that the dog be kept quiet and not exercised while the medications are being administered. A typical treatment regimen involves three injections of melarsomine to kill the adults, a preventative medication to kill the juveniles, and supportive medications to reduce the potential of an adverse event from side effects.
Heartworm prevention is straightforward and simple. All it takes is feeding a single dose of medication on the same day of each month to prevent heartworms from taking hold. The active ingredients in heartworm medications have been in use for decades and are known for their ability to eliminate adults and larvae. Parasites have been unable to develop a resistance to the active ingredients of ivermectin and pyrantel since their introduction and remain vulnerable to their eradicating properties. It's important, therefore, to discuss a heartworm test and preventative heartworm medication with your veterinarian for your pet every year.


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Q: Component scanning for packages in separate modules I am building a multi module Spring Boot project.
The intent is not to deploy several applications which share code, but rather to have one application where code relevant to different sections of the business are split into separate jars.
The parent project has <packaging>POM</packaging>.
The modules underneath the parent have <packaging>JAR</packaging>.
The parent pom includes as dependencies each of the modules.
One of modules has the main class which is annotated with @SpringBootApplication
This loads the Spring context correctly, and this class can access classes in other modules\jars when the application is built and run.
However, Spring does not instantiate components located in other modules, annotated (in this instance) with @Endpoint and @Configuration, and their constructors are not being called when the application starts.
The package names in the other modules shares the same structure, so @Components there should be be picked by by the scanBasePackages declaration in the main class which starts the Spring context.
Is there a way to do this?
Thanks


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Montini Catholic A Lasallian College Preparatory High School
<Back to News
Freshman Sarah Ernat Earns the Johnny Weiger Memorial Scholarship
Montini Catholic High School, on behalf of the Karl Weiger Family, presented the fifth annual Jonathan Weiger "Johnny Always Wins" Memorial Scholarship following an all school Mass on Friday, August 31st (celebrated with Father Jeff Stoneberg of Christ the King Parish in Lombard). This year, the honor went to freshman, Sarah Ernat. Sarah attended Sacred Heart School in Lombard.
Each year, members of Montini's incoming freshman class are invited to submit an essay to be considered the scholarship. The Weiger Family selects a student displaying high moral character, a deep commitment to their faith, and achieving academic excellence at the grade school level, to receive the scholarship.
President Jim Segredo gave a heartfelt tribute to former student, Johnny Weiger, and announced Sarah as the recipient of the scholarship in his memory. Johnnys parents, Karl and Fran Weiger, presented the award.
Johnny Weiger joined Montini's school community for the 2011-12 school year as a member of the Class of 2015. He was also a member of Montini's football team with aspirations to continue his football career at Notre Dame. During Johnny's freshman year, he was diagnosed with leukemia. After undergoing chemotherapy, radiation and a bone marrow transplant, his leukemia was cured. As Johnny was preparing for his sophomore year, however, he was hospitalized with a rare blood disorder commonly referred to as TTP, which can be caused by a bone marrow transplant. He passed away on November 4, 2012 due to complications from the TTP.
"Throughout his battle with leukemia and TTP, Johnny displayed the spirit of a champion," said Mr. Segredo. "He always showed great courage, fight and a deep commitment to his faith."
Sarah will receive a scholarship of $1,000 per year during her four years at Montini. She is the daughter of Donald and Christine Ernat of Lombard and a member of Sacred Heart Parish.
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Homepage Faculties, Colleges, and Schools The Faculty of Medicine Academic StaffDepartment of Urologic Sciences
Department of Urologic Sciences
M. Gleave, B.Sc., M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
P. Black, B.Sc. (Br.Col.), M.D. (Gutenberg)
R. Butyan, B.Sc., Ph.D. (Chic.)
A. Cherkasov, Ph.D. (Russia)
C. Collins, B.Sc., Ph.D. (Br.Col.)
S. L. Goldenberg, M.D. (Tor.), FRCSC
A. MacNeily, B.Sc., M.D. (Qu.), FRCSC, FAAP
E. M. McDougall, B.Sc. (Alta.), M.D. (Calg.), FRCSC, MHPE
M. L. Stothers, M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
J. Teichman, M.D. (McG.), SB, CM, FRCSC
Y. Wang, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D.
K. Afshar, M.D., M.Sc., FRCSC, FAAP
B. Chew, B.Sc., M.Sc., M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
M. Cox, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. (UNC, Chapel Hill)
X. Dong, MD., M.Sc., Ph.D.
C. Du, B.Sc., M.Phil., Ph.D. (Wales)
E. Guns, B.Sc., Ph.D. (Liv.)
P. Kozlowski, M.Sc., Ph.D. (Inst.Nuclear Physics, Krakow)
D. Lange, B.Sc., Ph.D. (W.Ont.)
C. Nelson, B.Sc., Ph.D. (Aust.)
C. Nguan, B.Sc., M.D. (Dal.), FRCSC
C. Ong, B.Sc., Ph.D. (Br.Col.)
A. So, B.Sc., M.D. (Alta.), FRCSC
A. Zoubeidi, B.Sc., M.Sc. Ph.D.
M. Daugaard, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D (Copenhagen)
R. Flannigan, M.D. (Calg.), FRCSC
W. Gourlay, M.D. (McG.), FRCSC
R. Paterson, M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
A. Wyatt, B.Sc., D.Phil (Oxf.)
J. Masterson, M.D., FRCSC
M. K. Nigro, M.D. (Alta.), FRCSC
P. J. Pommerville, B.A., M.D. (Ott.), FRCSC
Clinical Professor Emeritus
H. N. Fenster, B.Sc., M.D., C.M. (McG.), FRCSC
A. J. Moore, M.D. (W.Ont.), FRCSC
W. Taylor, M.B., B.Ch. (Witw.), FRCSC, FACS
J. E. Wright, M.D. (Alta.), FRCSC
V. Chow, B.Sc., M.D. (Qu.), FRCSC
T. J. Kinahan, M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
E. Leone, M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
G. E. J. Steinhoff, B.A., M.D. (Ott.), FRCSC
P. Whelan, M.D. (McM.), FRCSC
M. K. Eng, M.D. (Calg.), FRCSC
S. H. Goodman, B.Sc., M.D. (Dal.), FRCSC
A. Kavanaugh, B.Sc., M.D. (Calg.), FRCSC, MPH (Harv.)
J. Lee, B.M.Sc.., M.D., (Br. Col.), FRCSC
B. Mayson, M.D. (Br. Col.), FRCSC
J. Mickelson, M.D. (Br. Col.), FRCSC
Z. Mohamedali, B.Sc., Ph.D., M.D. (Br.Col.)
O. Nazif, B.A.Sc., M.D. (Br.Col.)
H. Tran, M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
B. Yang, B.Sc., M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
A. Alym, B.A.Sc. (S. Fraser), M.D. (Br. Col.), FRCSC
M. D. Carter, M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
D. J. Cassidy, M.D. (Manit.), FRCSC
A. Clark, B.Sc (Vic. (BC)), M.D. (Br.Col), FRCSC
S. Cripps, B.Sc., M.D. (W. Ont), FRCSC
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L. Jonat, B.Sc., M.D. (Br.Col.)
R. MacMillan, B.Sc. (McG.), M.D. (Tor.), FRCSC
J. McCracken, B.Sc. (Vic.(BC)), M.D. (Br.Col.)
M. Melnyk, M.Sc. (Tor.), M.D. (Ott.), FRCSC
D. Ottem, B.Sc. (Alta), M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
G. M. Palmer, B.Sc., M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
G. Paterson, M.D. (Alta.), FRCSC
E. Paulus, M.B.,Ch.B.
C. I. Poon, B.Sc., M.Sc., M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
K. Poon, M.D., FRCSC
K. Prestage, M.D. (Sask.), FRCSC
D. Rapoport, M.D. (Br. Col.), FRCSC
M. Robinson, M.D. (Br. Col.)
D. Samarasekera, B.Sc (Qu.), M.D. (Br. Col.), FRCSC
T. Schultz, M.D.
P. K. Skepasts, M.D. (Calg.), FRCSC
M. Strovski, M.D. (Br. Col.), FRCSC
S. Treissman, M.D. (Tor.), FRCSC
T. Vu, B.Sc., M.D. (Br.Col.)
J. Warner, B.Sc., M.D. (Br.Col.)
J. Wiesenthal, B.A. (Qu.), M.D. (McM.), FRCSC (Ott.)
I. Wright, M.D., FRCSC
D. Yanko, M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
Y. S. R. Yong, M.D. (Taiwan National)
C. Zappvigna, M.D. (Br.Col.), FRCSC
J. Zorn, B.MSc., M.D. (Alta), FRCSC
J. Izzo, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. (Kent)
D. Shields, B.A., M.A. (Lakehead), Ph.D. (Br. Col.)
G. Cunha, B.S. (Calif., S.Clara), Ph.D. (Chic.)
P. Rennie, B.Sc. (W.Ont.), Ph.D. (Alta.)
M. Wilson, M.D. (Br.Col.)
P. Abolmaesumi, B.Sc., M.Sc. (Sharif), Ph.D. (Br.Col.), P.Eng. (Ont.)
R. Bebb, M.D. (Br.Col.)
R. Branda, B.Sc., Ph.D. (MIT)
S. Cenk Sahinalp, B.Sc., Ph.D. (UMD)
K. Chambers, B.Sc., M.D., M.H.Sc. (Br.Col.)
S. Chang, M.D. (Br.Col.)
K. Chi, M.D. (Ott.)
J. Crook, M.D. (Tor.), FRCSC
G. Cundiff, M.D. (Texas)
S. Dedhar, Ph.D. (Br.Col.)
S. Elliot, M.D. (Br. Col.)
R. Gallagher, B.Sc. (Br. Col.)
C. S. Higano, M.D. (Wash.)
D. Huntsman, M.D. (Nfld.)
W. Jefferies, B.Sc., D.Phil.
E. Jones, M.D. (Br.Col.)
C. Kollmannsberger, M.D. (Munich)
D. Kuhl, B.A. (Winn.), M.D. (McM.), M.H.Sc. (Tor.), Ph.D. (Br.Col.)
H. Ma, B.A.Sc. (Br.Col.), S.M., Ph.D. (M.I.T.)
S. Ma, Ph.D. (Br.Col.)
L. Machan, M.D. (Alta.)
A. MacNab, M.B., B.S. (Lond.)
T. Nielsen, B.Sc., Ph.D., M.D. (McG.)
R. Rohling, B.A.Sc. (Br.Col.), M.Eng. (McG.), Ph.D. (Camb.)
S. Salcudean, B.Eng., M.Eng. (McG.), Ph.D. (Calif., Berkeley), P.Eng., FIEEE, Fell.ASI, CRC, FCAE
P. Sorensen, M.D., Ph.D. (Br. Col.)
D. Wilkie, M.D. (Br.Col.)
C. Zwirewich, M.D. (W.Ont)


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2022 Brings New Rules and a New Location to BattleBots!
Per Matt Robot combat will look a little bit different in 2022. BattleBots' Season 11 marks the 22nd year for the competition show that has appeared on a variety of TV networks. The fans are finally back (albeit masked) after… Continue Reading →
Getting Lost in the Woods With Shudder's Hunted
Survival horror films are a "hit or miss" subgenre. In some cases, you get amazing films like Universal's The Hunt. In others, you get what is widely known as one of the worst horror films ever, in 20th Century Fox's… Continue Reading →
Sounding Off About Blumhouse's The Invisible Man
Per Matt As a fan of the original Universal Monsters — which I absolutely adored in my younger years — I was tortured by the modern-day remake of The Mummy, which was horrendous in all the wrong ways. I hated… Continue Reading →
The Problem With Pennyworth
Per Matt Expanding a well-known character's backstory is tricky business. On one hand, you've got network executives who simply ask for a fun, somewhat believable series that people will like. On the other hand, you've got the fandom purists who… Continue Reading →
Story Builder Rewrites History in The Walking Dead: The Final Season
If you could quickly rewrite the events of past, would you actually do it? With Story Builder, you get that opportunity for the upcoming video game, The Walking Dead: The Final Season.
Murder on the Orient Express: Everyone is a Suspect
As a lifelong fan of Agatha Christie's Hercule Poirot, I'm looking forward to viewing the latest version of one of her greatest murder mysteries, Murder on the Orient Express. Everything about this adaptation looks amazing.
Inhumans: Comic Connections to the Latest Marvel TV Series
The Inhumans are coming to the Marvel Cinematic Universe this fall, as part of a new eight-episode television series on ABC. The latest edition to the MCU had a complicated journey, as it made its way from the comic book… Continue Reading →
It and the Power of Pennywise
Clowns, man. It's always been clowns. Since I was a kid, there has always been something that has simultaneously intrigued me and repelled me about them. I love seeing them on television. Watching Bozo in the mornings before school was… Continue Reading →
Alien: The Perfect Organism
Ash: You still don't understand what you're dealing with, do you? The perfect organism. Its structural perfection is matched only by its hostility. Lambert: You admire it. Ash: I admire its purity. A survivor… unclouded by conscience, remorse or delusions… Continue Reading →
What's Next, After The First Day of the Rest of Your Life?
There's pain, punishment, betrayal, revenge and plenty of walkers rising as Season 7 ends for The Walking Dead.