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Try, try and try again: why did modern humans take so long to settle in Europe?
By Robin McKie
Modern humans made several failed attempts to settle in Europe before eventually taking over the continent. This is the stark conclusion of scientists who have been studying the course of Homo sapiens's exodus from Africa tens of thousands of years ago.
Researchers have recently pinpointed sites in Bulgaria, Romania and the Czech Republic where our ancestors' remains have been dated as being between 40,000 to 50,000 years old. However, bone analyses have produced genetic profiles that have no match among modern Europeans.
Early man's lost outposts
"These early settlements appear to have been created by groups of early modern humans who did not survive to pass on their genes," said Professor Chris Stringer of the Natural History Museum, London. "They are our species' lost lineages.
"The crucial point is that the demise of these early modern human settlers meant Neanderthals still occupied Europe for a further few thousand years before Homo sapiens eventually took over the continent."
Modern humans first appeared in Africa around 200,000 years ago and slowly evolved across the continent before moving into western Asia around 60,000 years ago. Our ancestors then spread across the globe until every other species of hominin on the planet had been rendered extinct, including the Denisovans of east Asia and Homo floresiensis, the "hobbit folk" of Indonesia.
Neanderthals in Europe were one of the last hominin species to succumb, dying out around 39,000 years ago. However, recent studies – outlined at a meeting of the European Society for the study of Human Evolution earlier this year – have shown that this takeover by Homo sapiens was not straightforward. On several occasions, groups of early settlers perished as they moved into the continent.
The Bacho Kiro cave, northern Bulgaria, where remains of the some of the earliest modern humans in Europe have been found. Photograph: Nikolay Doychinov/Getty Images
In one study, international researchers re-examined a partial skull and skeleton of a woman found in the Zlatý Kůň cave in the Czech Republic. Originally thought to have been 15,000 years old, this new analysis indicated it was probably at least 45,000 years old, making her one of the oldest members of Homo sapiens found in Europe. However, the study also found she shared no genetic continuity with modern Europeans.
As one of the research team – Cosimo Posth, of the Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Tübingen University, Germany – put it: "This woman did not contribute genetically to present-day Europeans."
Other sites where early modern human remains from around this period have been found include Peștera cu Oase in Romania and Bacho Kiro cave in Bulgaria. And again, neither has produced genetic profiles that left a significant trace in Europe.
Stone artefacts, including pointed blades, found in the Bacho Kiro cave, Bulgaria. Photograph: Tsenka Tsanova/Reuters
The discovery of these lost outposts of modern human expansion suggests that Homo sapiens dispersed into Europe in pulses, and raises critical questions for scientists. In particular, why did modern humans' later forays into Europe succeed when earlier ones failed? The impact of this success on our world has been significant, after all. Some scientists argue that environmental factors played a key role in the Neanderthals' demise. Possible triggers include the reversal in Earth's magnetic poles that occurred around 42,000 years ago. Known as the Laschamps event, it could have increased cosmic radiation levels across the planet for several centuries.
There was also a cooling of the climate that affected the North Atlantic at this time, as well as a major volcanic eruption of the Campanian ignimbrite caldera in central Italy. All of these would have put stress on populations.
But some researchers question whether these events were damaging enough to lead to Neanderthal extinction. They would have been just as challenging to modern humans, they argue, yet we survived.
Others have proposed that Homo sapiens were simply better at exploiting the landscape and hunted more effectively, a point backed by Stringer, who argues that minor changes in human behaviour at this time could have been enough to lead to the accumulation of significant improvements in the lives of men and women.
Human species who lived 500,000 years ago named as Homo bodoensis
"The behaviour of Homo sapiens was a big factor in our 'success', I think. Maybe we networked better, or accumulated knowledge more effectively, and so learned how to extract resources more intensively than Neanderthals did. Any slight advantage would have been critical. You've only got to increase survival of your babies by 1% and that is a huge advantage in a stone-age world."
However, there is another factor that has been put forward for modern humanity's success in Europe. Genetic studies have made it clear that interbreeding between Homo sapiens and Neanderthals occurred many times. As a result, men and women of non-African origin today have genomes that are around 2% Neanderthal. That figure would have been much higher 40,000 years ago.
"As numbers of Homo sapiens grew and we spread ever wider across Europe, it is quite possible that we 'absorbed' some of the other species – in particular, the Neanderthals – out of existence," said Stringer. "If prime-age Neanderthals were entering the modern human breeding pool, whether voluntarily or otherwise, those individuals were no longer contributing to the survival of their own species. The end result would have been straightforward extinction for the Neanderthals – although, as a species, they still survive in the DNA of men and women today."


The US Department of Energy (DOE) has announced $50 million (£38.8m) of funding to improve coal-fired energy systems.
The money will ultimately finance large scale pilots to design, construct and operate new coal technologies to improve performance and efficiency while reducing emissions and the cost of electricity.
The DOE has previously supported innovations in the area and some are now ready to proceed to the large scale pilot stage of development.
It says applicants to the new funding should have already demonstrated technical success at a small scale pilot stage and a 20% financial input is required.
The process will involve three phases – the first stage will assess feasibility, secure team commitments and funds, estimate cost and draw up a schedule.
The second design phase will complete an engineering design study and the third phase will support construction and operation of two final facilities.
Earlier this year President Donald Trump overturned a law preventing coal waste from being dumped in streams and rivers.


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Ecuador delivered 12,410 humanitarian visas to Venezuelans
Odebrecht demand hearing will be reinstated to Petroecuador for $ 174 million
'E-commerce' demands more promotion and connection
Greater participation of the State and the bank promoted the Stock Exchange
Ecuador will respond legally to the CAN for resolution on fees
Chancellery analyzes the administrative and judicial processes that still remain. The Chamber of Commerce of Guayaquil celebrated the repeal; they will continue with resources in the courts.
The Government analyzes what resources to apply to defend the Customs Control Service Rate (TSCA) created by the National Customs Service of Ecuador (Senae) with the objective of combating smuggling. Resolution # 1999, of April 20, 2018 issued by the General Secretariat of the Andean Community (SGCAN) qualified as a levy the customs fee, because there is no consideration for the service.
Therefore, it establishes a term of 10 business days, counted from the publication of said document, so that the Ecuadorian government can withdraw the measure for Andean trade.
The Ecuadorian Foreign Ministry, through a statement published on its website, said that this entity and the Senae, currently evaluate the procedural resources, both administrative and judicial, within the framework of the Andean legal system, which will allow obtaining the review of the resolution issued by the SGCAN.
"The aforementioned resolution does not constitute in any way a firm act, nor the final stage of the process," the ministry said. In the administrative field, Ecuador has the reconsideration appeal before the SGCAN and in the judicial scope before the Court of Justice of the Andean Community, where it could file a nullity action against the aforementioned resolution.
The Minister of Industries and Productivity, Eva García, said that these resources can reverse the resolution of the CAN and recalled that the government initiative means "the fight against smuggling, a scourge that affects the country and all Ecuadorians as a whole."
Entrepreneurs celebrate
Entrepreneurs are happy and applaud the resolution. The TSCA is illegal, a tax-exempt encumbrance, entirely collected as a result of the Ecuadorian state spending more than it enters, that has consequences for trade, said Juan Carlos Díaz-Granados, executive director of the Chamber of Commerce of Guayaquil (CCG).
For the trade union leader, if Ecuador does not repeal the tax, it would be a disrespect for the legal security of the country, which would make it very difficult to do business in the long term, as it contradicts the Government's message of attracting investment.
"When you do business with people, you respect the contracts, whether nationally or internationally," he said. Caterina Costa, president of the Chamber of Industries of Guayaquil (CIG), considered that the rate is illegal because there is no service that the customs provide to the importer in an individual way that justifies the collection of the same, in addition the formula to calculate it is discretionary.
"We hope that the National Government will abide by the CAN resolution and eliminate this rate not only for our Andean partners but for all countries," Acosta added.
On the legal issue Gabriela Uquillas, customs advisor of the CCG, recalled that on November 9, 2018, the CCG filed an action for precautionary measures.
"National justice did not prevent this illegality and today it must be international organizations that determine it". The CCG also filed a lawsuit before the National Court, which must be resolved on May 18; "The judges have on their shoulders to determine what is the fate of this rate, not only for the countries of the CAN but in general terms."
"There is no doubt about the illegality of the tax because there is no compensation, this analysis is the same as that of the judges of the National Court. Once the sentence is obtained and the measure is declared illegal, everything that has been collected by virtue of it must be returned to the citizenry, she said.
The TSCA became effective on November 13, 2017. Its purpose is to reduce contraband and fraud, applies to all imported products, with specific exceptions such as personal belongings of the traveler. So far the rate has raised $ 25,840,674 of the $ 121 million that were proposed as a goal. (I)
Source: https://www.eltelegrafo.com.ec/noticias/economia/4/ecuador-can-resolucion-tasas
CAN gives 10 days to the Government to withdraw the customs fee
Commercial agreement with EFTA benefits 99% of shipments
Carlos Tuárez's Network operated from a hotel in Quito

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Company DIABETES CARE AT CAPITAL MEDIC is located in the city of OLYMPIA. The legal address of the company is 412 BLACK HILLS LN SW. Other interesting information can be found on working days by phone (360) 754-3333. The scheme of travel to the company DIABETES CARE AT CAPITAL MEDIC can be viewed on the interactive map.


Edmonton, AB - Fitness Kickboxing Level 2 Certification — Fitness Kickboxing Canada Inc.
For the Intermediate Trainer/Instructor. Learn "Real" Kickboxing punch and kick techniques as well as actual combinations designed by a Certified Competitive Kickboxing Coach and Certified Personal Trainer. From the warm-up, hand wrapping, stance, footwork, kickboxing drills and combinations utilizing focus pads and partner training, abs routine and cool down stretches. This workshop is designed for the ultimate in authenticity and fitness ensuring a safe and efficient class or personal training session. Complex multi strike combinations and techniques beyond the basics will be taught in this workshop. The Level 1 Fitness Kickboxing Instructor Course is a prerequisite for this course, NO EXCEPTIONS!


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Q: custom shape vertical Slider I have to prototype a bulb shape (even an ellipse would be fine) vertical slider. I started with using http://jqueryui.com/demos/slider/slider-vertical.html and changed the shape of the parent element to the desired (ellipse for now) shape. The problem is that when I drag the slider it grows in rectangular manner and thus, doesn't take the elliptical shape (as it's parent element).
Can you please suggest if there is a better way to achieve this. If this is the correct way then how should I mask off the color from the edges so as to make the slider background elliptical too.
For reference to the problem: http://share.axure.com/UMILTD/

A: I would recommend achieving this effect with the border-radius CSS property.  You can set the border-radius of the parent to create the shape and then set its overflow to hidden to keep the rectangle behind it from showing through.
I have a live example of this here - http://jsfiddle.net/qUbZf/3/.  There does seem to be some issue in Chrome with how the overflow is handled, but it looks fine in Firefox and IE9.
IE < 9 do not support border-radius, but the shape will simply fallback to a box and will still be usable.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Lily Eskelsen García, an elementary teacher from Utah, is President of the National Education Association. She is one of the highest-ranking labor leaders in the country and one of its most influential Hispanic educators.
She began her career in education as a lunch worker in a school cafeteria. She became a kindergarten aide and was encouraged by the teacher to go to college and become a teacher herself.
She worked her way through the University of Utah on scholarships, student loans, and as a starving folk singer, graduating magna cum laude in elementary education and later earning her master's degree in instructional technology.
After teaching for only nine years, she was named Utah Teacher of the Year, using that title as a platform to speak out against the dismal funding of Utah schools. A year later she was elected president of the Utah Education Association.
Lily was president of the Utah State Retirement System, only the second woman to ever be elected to the position; president of the Children at Risk Foundation; and was a member of the White House Strategy Session on Improving Hispanic Education.
She has built alliances with parents, business and civil rights organizations, and with advocates for the disabled and the poor. She often works with coalitions to engage the public in the political process, and she herself was the first Hispanic to run for Congress in her state, raising almost $1 million and taking 45 percent of the vote against the incumbent.
Lily writes a blog, "Lily's Blackboard," covering the latest education issues. Her advice has been published in Parenting magazine, and she serves on the advisory board for Parenting's Mom Congress.
She has been featured on MSNBC and CNN en Español. And she has been the invited keynote speaker for hundreds of education events in virtually every state, earning her recognition by Education World in their "Best Conference Speakers" edition.
Lily was a finalist for Hispanic Business Magazine's 2009 Woman of the Year – she was honored for her "unwavering dedication to the teaching profession and commitment to improving the lives of all children."
She believes that no matter how students arrive, and no matter what their learning conditions, their home conditions or their health conditions, that educators have the sacred duty to be professionals and to care for the whole child. And she believes that professionalism carries the responsibility to take action, individually and collectively, to fight to make the promise of public education a reality and to prepare every student to succeed.


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Ann Eliza Young (September 13, 1844 – December 7, 1917) also known as Ann Eliza Webb Dee Young Denning was one of Brigham Young's fifty-five wives and later a critic of polygamy. Her autobiography, Wife No. 19, was a recollection of her experiences in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). She grew up in a polygamous household which moved to Utah during the Mormon migration. Ann Eliza was married and divorced three times: first to James Dee, then Young, and finally Moses Denning. Her divorce from Young reached a national audience when Ann Eliza sued with allegations of neglect, cruel treatment, and desertion. She was born a member of the LDS Church, but was excommunicated shortly after her public divorce from Young.

Early life and first marriage
Ann Eliza Webb was born in Nauvoo, Illinois, in 1844, to Chauncey Griswold Webb and his wife, Eliza Jane Churchill. Chauncey G. Webb was a 32-year-old carriage-maker, and Eliza Jane a 29-year-old schoolteacher at the time of Ann Eliza's birth. Ann Eliza was the youngest of five children, four of which survived to adulthood. Her three older brothers were Chauncey Gilbert, Edward Milo, and Lorenzo Dow. Ann Eliza was about a year old when her father took a second wife, Elizabeth Taft, in accordance with the contemporary polygamous practices of the LDS Church. In 1846, the Webb family moved to the Salt Lake Valley with the Mormon pioneers. As a teenager in Utah, Webb and other Latter-day Saint youth participated in local theatricals and dancing.

First marriage and divorce

Ann Eliza married James Dee monogamously on April 10, 1863, in Salt Lake City, Utah Territory. They had two sons together, Edward Wesley and Leonard "Louis" Lorenzo, but the couple later divorced. According to her biographer, Irving Wallace, "for the rest of her days Ann Eliza would always refer to James Dee as the man who 'blighted' her life."

Polygamous marriage to Brigham Young

On the advice of her family, Ann Eliza married Brigham Young, the second president of the LDS Church, when he was 67 years old and she was a 24-year-old divorcee. They were married on April 7, 1869. The ceremony was presided over by LDS Church leader Heber C. Kimball. At her request, Ann Eliza was set up in a separate home in Salt Lake City, on the condition that she visit the Lion House on occasion.

Although Ann Eliza later called herself Young's "wife number 19", others have referred to her as his "27th wife". One researcher concluded that she was actually the 52nd woman to marry Young. The discrepancies may be due, in part, to difficulties in defining what constitutes a "wife" in early Mormon polygamous practices. A book published in the 1890s and endorsed by church leaders entitled Pictures and Biographies of Brigham Young and His Wives provides brief descriptions of 26 wives, including Ann Eliza.

Divorce from Young
In 1873, Brigham Young allowed Latter-day Saints to take on boarders who were not members of the faith. Methodist Reverend C. C. Stratton and his wife boarded with Ann Eliza. It is possible that the couple's efforts may have aided in Ann Eliza's decision to leave Young and the LDS Church. On Ann Eliza's legal counsel was Judge Hagan who also believed that Stratton was primarily to blame for Ann Eliza's separation from Young. In a statement, Stratton denied having any influence on Ann Eliza's decision, claiming instead that he had encouraged her to stay in her situation with Young. He indicated, however, that Ann Eliza was "a person of womanly instincts" whose "present position [was] exceedingly distasteful to her". Reverend Stratton was invited to be listed as Ann Eliza's "next friend" in the divorce case. Judge Hagan believed that Stratton's background as a Methodist minister would validate the indictments against Young and the LDS Church. Stratton refused, however, due to other high-profile legal circumstances, which had forced him to leave his previous ministry in Portland, Oregon. He did not want the additional publicity of Ann Eliza's court case.

Ann Eliza filed for divorce from Young in January 1873, an act that attracted much attention. Her bill for divorce alleged neglect, cruel treatment, and desertion, and claimed that her husband had property worth $8 million and an income exceeding $40,000 a month. Young countered that he owned less than $600,000 in property and that his income was less than $6,000 per month.

Excommunication
Ann Eliza was excommunicated from the LDS Church on October 10, 1874. The divorce was granted in January 1875, and Young was ordered to pay a $500 per month allowance as well as $3,000 in court fees. When Young initially refused, he was found in contempt of court and sentenced to a day in jail with an additional $25 fine. The alimony award was later set aside on the grounds that the marriage was polygamous and therefore legally invalid. The polygamous nature of the marriage also exposed them to potential indictments for unlawful cohabitation.

After her excommunication, Ann Eliza converted to the Methodist Episcopal faith.

Advocacy
Ann Eliza subsequently traveled the United States and spoke out against polygamy, Mormonism, and Brigham Young. She testified before the U.S. Congress on April 14, 1874. A couple months later, the Poland Act was signed into law, which reorganized the judicial system of the Utah Territory and facilitated the federal prosecution of LDS Church polygamists. In a biographical entry on Brigham Young in American National Biography, Leonard Arrington stated that Ann Eliza's lectures against Young were "influential in the federal antipolygamy legislation of 1882 and 1887".

Wife No. 19
In 1876, Ann Eliza published an autobiography titled Wife No. 19. In it, she wrote that she had "a desire to impress upon the world what Mormonism really is; to show the pitiable condition of its women, held in a system of bondage that is more cruel than African slavery ever was, since it claims to hold body and soul alike". Her account of the "horrors of polygamy and masonry" is in the public domain. The autobiography was the basis for Irving Wallace's 1961 biography The Twenty-Seventh Wife and for David Ebershoff's 2008 novel The 19th Wife.

Third marriage
After her divorce from Brigham Young in 1875, Ann Eliza married 53-year-old Moses R. Denning of Manistee, Michigan, a non-Mormon and wealthy logger known to have only one arm. Two years prior to her marriage to Denning, who was married with children at the time, Ann Eliza stayed at his home. Ann Eliza scaled back her crusade against Mormonism and polygamy and stopped delivering lectures the week she married Denning.

Divorce from Denning
A 1907 article on the 30th anniversary of Brigham Young's death updated the public on his then-surviving widows and stated that Ann Eliza was divorced for the third time and living in Lansing, Michigan. The 1900 U.S. census had reported her living in Breckenridge, Summit County, Colorado.  Ann Eliza eventually returned to Utah to claim a $2,000 legacy from her first husband, James Dee.

Later years
In 1908, she published a revised version of Wife No. 19 entitled Life in Mormon Bondage, a revision that excluded any mention of her first marriage to Dee or her third marriage to Denning. By 1910, she had moved to Sparks, Nevada. She eventually became estranged from her family, including her children. One of her grandsons told Wallace that neither of her sons maintained contact with her after they reached early adulthood. In 1930, her older grandson told Wallace, "I hope to hell I never see her again." She died at her home in Sparks of pneumonia, related to old age, and was buried on December 9, 1917, in Mountain View Cemetery, Reno, Nevada.

Published works

See also

 Celestial marriage
 Current state of polygamy in the Latter Day Saint movement
 History of civil marriage in the United States
 Latter Day Saint polygamy in the late 19th century
 Polygamy in North America

References

Further reading

External links

1844 births
1917 deaths
19th-century American women
20th-century American women
American autobiographers
American women's rights activists
Deaths from pneumonia in Nevada
Mormonism-related controversies
People excommunicated by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
People from Nauvoo, Illinois
Richards–Young family
Mormon pioneers
Women autobiographers
Wives of Brigham Young
Harold B. Lee Library-related 19th century articles

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


From intricate gearing to pricey couplings and belts, our robust oil seals and o-rings will provide the protection and assurance needed to maximize operating times in any mechanical power transmission application. As experts in mechanical engineering, we have a deep understanding of the complexity in mechanical power transmission systems.
With the exception to the aerospace and military industries, we offer standard and customizable sealing solutions for all power transmission applications.
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TV Preacher Pat Robertson claims the quake in Haiti was casused by 'deal with devil?"
Rare MTH Subway sets sold on Ebay!!
It was taken in New York !
My favorite AIRLINES are the ones that work the way they're suppose to, there's nothing worst than attempting to stop your train with a breaking system that functions poorly due to bad/clogged AIRLINES,so the AIRLINES I do'nt like are the ones that are clogged with gunk. SO DO'NT FORGET TO DRAIN THOSE AIR TANKS!!!
Wow nice photos this engine is still in service,and how old is it?
My thoughs and prayers go out to ALL the professional drivers that have to contend directly with the public and especially to the grieving family victimized.
A response to the derailment pics.(NYCT) jazzmann steve.
hello Nascar; Its really quite simple, just remove the ten comandments ( for example,thou shalt not steal) and one can sleep like a baby. Don't teach, "do unto others as you would have them do to you" which was the american way but rather dog eat dog & that's your problem bub, then it will only get worse. Steve R.
Hello my friend ( Metsfan Andy); Do you know where the money will come from to pay a tax on windfall profits ? It will come out of our wallets in the form of higer yet fuel prices as it allways does its federal business as usuall. Steve R.
I think I woulld choose the railroad if I were you, by my opinion after having been a tractor trailer driver (and owner operater) for 22 years. In the subway you never have to contend with traffic , Irate passengers and wheather wouldn't be as great of a problem as if you were on the road. By working on the railroad you'll have a better chance of promotion to other positions like terminal dispatcher , train master or what ever.
BMT B1 Division ( jazzmannsteve777).


Charleston Performing Arts January events are popping up like wildfire.
Ok, we are a little late to the game, but there's a lot going on in just this last week and a half in January for Charleston Performing Arts. We wanted to make sure you didn't miss out! We've been so busy teaching, and recovering from the holidays that we meant to get his out to you all much sooner than we have. Stephen has been out of town a little bit here and there, and Bret is rehearsing for his show coming up! Which leads us to our first suggestion!
Broadway veteran and Charleston resident Bret Shuford will present his one-man cabaret show "Charming: A Tale of an American Prince" at 7:30 p.m. Friday, Jan. 25, at the Emmett Robinson Theatre, 54 St. Philip St.
Shuford tells the tale of a prince's trek from the faraway Kingdom of Texas to a castle in The East Village of New York City. The quest is highlighted by music of Sondheim, Lutvak, Prince and others, with a little Disney magic thrown in for good measure. Friendship bracelets, giants and perhaps even a furry woodland creature help guide this prince along the way. Will he get his "Happily Ever After"?
Tracy Stark is musical director; Lennie Watts is stage director. Watts and Shuford co-wrote "Charming." The performance is hosted by the College of Charleston Department of Theatre and Dance. Tickets are $20 for the general public, $10 for students, and can be purchased online at theatre.cofc.edu, by calling 843-953-6306 or at the door.
For more information about Shuford, go to bretshuford.com.
Pure Theatre is a wonderful local theatre company that actually hires members of Actors Equity for their productions. (Being proud members of AEA we LOVE THIS!) Currently they're doing two Shepard plays in REP with FOOL FOR LOVE, at their brand new space in town. If you are a lover of American Theatre, go check out these shows!


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Recent European developments in mHealth regulation
By on May 18, 2017 Posted in International, Regulatory
In this briefing we cover recent regulatory developments for mobile health (mHealth) in the European Union and set out a summary of the current framework.
mHealth is a sub-segment of electronic health (eHealth) and covers medical and public health practice supported by mobile devices. It especially includes the use of mobile devices for health and well-being services and information purposes as well as mobile health applications. eHealth is part of the EU's digital single market strategy which has recently been the subject of a midterm review.
In April 2014, the European Commission launched a public consultation alongside the Green Paper on mobile health to help identify the right way forward to unlock the potential of mHealth in the EU (Consultation). Together with the Green Paper, the Commission also published a Staff Working Document on the existing EU legal framework applicable to lifestyle and wellbeing apps.
This Consultation gathered inputs from interested stakeholders on barriers and issues related to the use of mHealth. It revealed that people often do not trust mHealth apps, such as those monitoring your health or giving health advice. Privacy and security of information as well as data quality were key issues identified in the Consultation.
Privacy Code of Conduct
Respondents considered that having users' consent as well as strong privacy and security tools in place is a crucial issue in relation to mHealth apps. As a result, in March 2015 the European Commission launched an initiative to create an industry-led mHealth Privacy Code of Conduct (the Code).
The Code is targeted at app developers and its purpose is to foster justified trust among users of mHealth apps which process personal data that include data concerning health. The Code aims to provide easily understandable guidelines for app developers on how to respect and comply with EU data protection laws. On 7 June 2016, the Code was formally submitted to the Article 29 Data Protection Working Party (the WP29) for approval. Once the Code is approved it will be applied in practice: app developers can sign it on a voluntary basis, thereby committing to following its rules.
The WP29 has analysed the Code's compliance with the Data Protection Directive and in light of the General Data Protection Regulation which will apply on 28 May 2018. On 10 April 2017 the WP29 set out in a letter its comments on the Code and identified areas for improvement. WP29 are currently of the opinion that the Code does not bring sufficient added value to the Data Protection Directive and provisions made in national law. The WP29 provided general comments on the Code and further observations on specific areas of the Code which need to be addressed in order to improve the quality, value and application of the Code.
In addition to privacy and security of information, data quality when linking mHealth apps to electronic health records for the effective uptake in clinical practice was identified as a key issue by the Consultation. It was understood that health and safety risks related to mHealth apps needed to be handled with regards to clinical evidence, claims on the purpose and functions of mHealth apps, and test and validation of the performance.
The European Commission appointed a working group to draft the mHealth Assessment Guidelines (the Guidelines). The group includes representatives of patients, health professionals and providers, payers, industry, academia and public authorities. The purpose of the Guidelines is to establish a framework of safety, quality, reliability and effectiveness criteria to improve the use, development, recommendation and evaluation of mHealth apps. The second draft of the Guidelines was open for input and comments during the course of 2016 and results will be published in due course.
The Guidelines do not cover mHealth apps that are classified as medical devices, as they are regulated in accordance with the Medical Devices Directive. This Directive will be replaced by the Medical Devices Regulation which comes into force on 25 May 2017 and shall apply 3 years after. The UK's Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency has published useful Guidance on the qualification and classification of medical device stand-alone software including apps which is to be used in the UK in addition to the European Commission's Guidance MEDDEV 2.1/6.
Tags: Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, digital single market strategy, eHealth, electronic health, EU, European Commission, mHealth, mHealth Privacy Code of Conduct, mobile health, regulatory developments


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Sulzeer Jeremiah "Sol" Campbell, född 18 september 1974 i Newham i London, är en brittisk (engelsk) före detta fotbollsspelare av jamaicanskt ursprung. Han spelade senast för Newcastle United i Premier League. Han är numera huvudtränare för Southend United.

I mitten av 1990-talet när Sol Campbell spelade för klubblaget Tottenham Hotspur användes han i olika positioner på plan. Han spelade såväl anfallare som ytterback, yttermittfältare och några gånger även som mittback. Så småningom utvecklades han till att bli en av världens bästa mittbackar.

År 2001 bytte han klubb till Arsenal och hans övergång blev uppmärksammad eftersom många supportrar ansåg att han svek Tottenham. Historien förtäljer att Tottenham erbjöd honom ett mycket lukrativt kontrakt, men att Campbell tackade nej och istället skrev på för Tottenhams rival, Arsenal, gratis. Efter detta är det många Tottenham-fans som uttrycker sitt hat gentemot honom och Campbell har i intervjuer sagt att han fortfarande tar åt sig av de glåpord som kastas efter honom.

I VM 2002 gjorde Campbell sitt enda landslagsmål. Det var i 1-1-matchen mot Sverige.

Inför EM-slutspelet 2004 var Campell en nyckelspelare. Detta efter avstängningen på Rio Ferdinand och skador på Woodgate och Southgate.

Sommaren 2006 lämnade Campbell Arsenal och skrev på för Portsmouth.

Campbell blev sommaren 2009 signad av Sven-Göran Erikssons Notts County. Campbell skrev ett femårskontrakt, men efter endast en match valde Campbell att bryta kontraktet. "Svennis" sa sedan i medier att han var mycket besviken på Campbell.

I januari 2010 skrev Campbell på ett kontrakt för resten av säsongen 2009-2010 med sin gamla klubb Arsenal.

Den andra maj 2012, efter över 500 framträdanden i Premier League, meddelade Campbell att han slutar med fotbollen.

Meriter
 Engelska ligacupen: 1999
 Premier League: 2002, 2004
 FA-cupen: 2002, 2003, 2008

Referenser

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Odisseo is an orthopedic mattress with springs. It is available even custom made and it has been created to support a proper and balanced ergonomic comfort. Its internal structure has been realized according with the traditional steel spring system and offers a perfect night sleep thanks to the most innovative and ergonomic materials used to produce it. The 360 springs of this mattress (in the version double bed size cm. 170x200) are made of tempered phosphated steel wire and guarantee a firm, balanced and durable support for your night sleep.


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EZ-Access has portable ramps, lifts and much more for you and your family while ensuring safety and durability. We have also heard that accessible home equipment doesn't take away from the beauty of your home. Many people are concerned about a bulky, ugly ramp- no worries with EZ Access handicap home equipment!
Call us today to get your home wheelchair accessible with EZ-Access.


In my last blog post (Why managers (should) play golf ), I noted the cultural accoutrements induced by the meritocratisation of managerial culture. I argued that the managerial pastime of golf, penchant for cigars, and palate for (fine-ish) wine were consequences of the need to create a shared form of capital along the lines elaborated by French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu.
I am driven to muse further upon the managerial culture to which I alluded in my last post as a result of the interesting debate sparked by Anne-Marie Slaughter's headliner article in the American periodical The Atlantic Monthly, entitled "Why Women Still Can't Haveit All ." Slaughter, a tenured professor at Princeton and dean of the Woodrow Wilson School of Government, held a very senior position in the US State Department as the head of policy for two years, and her article is part memoir (reflections on balancing work and family when you are commuting to work while having a rebellious teenager at home), part social advocacy. As the article's current rank (#2) in Google's predictive search text suggests, the article has generated a lot of attention. (I have included a screenshot from that search, since it is an inadvertent testament to the state of gender identity politics).


text:
Des Moines International Airport (DSM), Des Moines, IA
Des Moines to Roanoke distance (DSM to ROA)
Distance between Des Moines, IA (DSM) and Roanoke, VA (ROA)
Flight distance from Des Moines to Roanoke (Des Moines International Airport – Roanoke–Blacksburg Regional Airport) is 787 miles / 1266 kilometers / 684 nautical miles. Estimated flight time is 1 hour 59 minutes.
Driving distance from Des Moines (DSM) to Roanoke (ROA) is 961 miles / 1547 kilometers and travel time by car is about 18 hours 13 minutes.
Des Moines – Roanoke
How far is Roanoke from Des Moines?
Estimated flight time from Des Moines International Airport to Roanoke–Blacksburg Regional Airport is 1 hour 59 minutes.
The time difference between Des Moines and Roanoke is 1 hour. Roanoke is 1 hour ahead of Des Moines.
Des Moines time to Roanoke time converter
On average flying from Des Moines to Roanoke generates about 134 kg of CO2 per passenger, 134 kilograms is equal to 294 pounds (lbs). The figures are estimates and include only the CO2 generated by burning jet fuel.
Map of flight path and driving directions from Des Moines to Roanoke
Shortest flight path between Des Moines International Airport (DSM) and Roanoke–Blacksburg Regional Airport (ROA).
Des Moines International Airport
City: Des Moines, IA
IATA Code: DSM
ICAO Code: KDSM
Coordinates: 41°32′2″N, 93°39′47″W
Roanoke–Blacksburg Regional Airport
City: Roanoke, VA
IATA Code: ROA
ICAO Code: KROA
Related distances from Des Moines (DSM)
Des Moines to Lynchburg distance (DSM to LYH)
Des Moines to Bluefield distance (DSM to BLF)
Des Moines to Beckley distance (DSM to BKW)
Popular distances from Des Moines (DSM)
Des Moines to Phoenix distance (DSM to PHX)
Des Moines to Denver distance (DSM to DEN)
Des Moines to Atlanta distance (DSM to ATL)
Des Moines to Dallas distance (DSM to DFW)
Des Moines to Las Vegas distance (DSM to LAS)
Des Moines to Chicago distance (DSM to ORD)
Des Moines to Honolulu distance (DSM to HNL)
Des Moines to Orlando distance (DSM to MCO)
Des Moines to Fort Myers distance (DSM to RSW)
Des Moines to Charlotte distance (DSM to CLT)
Des Moines to St Louis distance (DSM to STL)
Des Moines to New York distance (DSM to LGA)
Des Moines to Detroit distance (DSM to DTW)
Des Moines to Cedar Rapids distance (DSM to CID)
Des Moines to Washington D.C. distance (DSM to DCA)
Des Moines to Minneapolis distance (DSM to MSP)
Des Moines to Houston distance (DSM to IAH)
Des Moines to San Diego distance (DSM to SAN)
Des Moines to Oklahoma City distance (DSM to OKC)
Des Moines to Tampa distance (DSM to TPA)


text:
Transformation-Based Flexible Thermal Hose with Homogeneous Conductors in Bilayer Configurations
Tiancheng Han and Yuhang Gao
Thermal hose is capable of transferring the thermal energy of a finite source to arbitrary long distance. This is achieved by using stretching transformation and can be ideally constructed by using a material with a highly anisotropic thermal conductivity. For practical realization, such a thermal hose can be made of homogeneous conductors in bilayer configurations, employing only copper and expanded polystyrene. It is shown that the thermal energy can be well confined and almost perfectly transferred in an arbitrarily bending hose, demonstrating excellent flexibility. More interestingly is that, when a point heat source is placed at the opening of a split-ring-shaped hose, the temperature of the inner region becomes uniform and reaches nearly as high as the heat source. These novel properties of the proposed flexible thermal hose have been numerically validated in time-dependent case, showing excellent transfer and configuration of thermal energy.
A Novel Compact Broadband Antenna for LTE/WLAN/WiMAX Applications
Beijun Wu and Quanyuan Feng
A compact wideband antenna consisting of a L-shaped radiating element which has a modified inverted-F structure and a C-shaped parasitic radiating element on the ground is proposed. Three resonant frequencies and a very wide operating band are obtained. A prototype of the proposed antenna has been constructed and experimentally studied. The measured results show that the operating bandwidth with 10 dB return loss is about 2.9 GHz (2.11-5.01 GHz), 81.46%, respectively, covering LTE2500 (2.5-2.69 GHz), 2.4 GHz WLAN and 2.5/3.5 GHz WiMAX bands. Furthermore, the antenna has a simple planar structure and small volume of only 30 × 30 × 1.6 mm3. Good radiation characteristics and acceptable peak gains are obtained over the operating bands.
Microstrip Diplexer Design Using Open/Shorted Coupled Lines
Wenjie Feng, Meiling Hong, and Wenquan Che
A novel microstrip diplexer with high selectivity and isolation performance is proposed through the combination of two compact bandpass filters composed of open/shorted lines and an open stub, which are designed for LTE application. Six transmission zeros in the upper stopband are used to suppress the harmonic of the microstrip diplexer. The transmission zeros near the passband can be adjusted conveniently by only changing the electrical length of the open/shorted stubs. A diplexer prototype with two passbands at 1.8 GHz and 2.1 GHz is fabricated. The isolation between the two channels is greater than 40 dB from 0.1 to 6.5 GHz.
Mutual Coupling Reduction Between Closely Placed Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Meander Line Resonator
Jeet Ghosh, Sandip Ghosal, Debasis Mitra, and Sekhar Ranjan Bhadra Chaudhuri
An approach of reducing Mutual Coupling between two patch antennas is proposed in this paper. Here, a meander line resonator is placed in between the radiating elements. By inserting the meander line resonator between the patch antennas with the edge-to-edge distance less than λ/18, about 8 dB reduction of Mutual Coupling throughout the 10-dB bandwidth has been achieved without degrading the radiation pattern.The circuit model of the proposed configuration is carried out in this paper and envelope correlation coefficient is also computed. The proposed structure has been fabricated and measured.
Additive Manufacturing of a Dual-Ridged Horn Antenna
Budhaditya Majumdar, David Baer, Sudipta Chakraborty, Karu P. Esselle, and Michale Heimlich
A 3D printed dual-ridged horn antenna (DRHA) is presented. The antenna design is optimized for additive manufacturing and is 3D printed using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and then painted with nickel based aerosol spray. The coaxial transition is also included in the 3D printed prototype. The antenna was manufactured with the intention of improving learning and education of electromagnetism and antennas for undergraduate students using a low-cost personal desktop 3D printer. The painted DRHA has a 10 dB return-loss bandwidth of 6621 MHz (1905 MHz-8526 MHz) with a peak gain of 11 dBi. This prototype is the first known ABS based horn antenna with the coaxial transition embedded into it.
A Novel Compact Feeding Network for Array Antenna
Pejman Mohammadi, Asrin Piroutiniya, and Mohamad Hosein Rasekhmanesh
A novel feeding network is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The proposed system with combination of a Wilkinson power divider and two branch-Line couplers is established. The output signals of the system have the same amplitude and 900 phase difference with each other. The size reduction technique is applied to minimize the physical size of the proposed network. In this technique, the ground of the structure is defected, and distributed capacitors and inductors are added to empty space of the branch-line couplers. Moreover, meandered lines are used in order to match the output impedance of the Wilkinson power divider arms and reduce its size. The initial design realized in 2.5 GHz shows the fractional bandwidth of 24%. Then a miniaturized structure is fabricated with 42% smaller size than the main structure while it shows similar electrical performance. For both cases, measurement and simulation results are in good agreement with each other.
Ka-Band Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Microstrip MEMS Switches
Zhongliang Deng, Jun Gan, Hao Wei, Hua Gong, and Xubing Guo
This paper presents the use of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) switches to realize the radiation pattern reconfiguration of microstrip antenna, which works in Ka-band. The antenna was fabricated on a silicon substrate and designed to reconfigure radiation pattern at the operation frequency of 35 GHz. The simulation results show that by controlling the states of MEMS switches between the driven element and two parasitic elements, the antenna can achieve reconfigure into three maximum radiation directions in the H-plane (θ=0°, ψ=90°, θ=14°, ψ=90°, and θ=-14°, ψ=90°, respectively). The measured maximum radiation directions of modes-1, modes-2, modes-3, modes-4 are θ=17°, -25°, 3.5°,0.7° and gains of four modes at the maximum radiation direction are 5.78 dBi, 6.49 dBi, 7.24 dBi, 6.31 dBi, respectively. The measured results are closely consistent with the simulation ones. The proposed antenna can be applied to satellite communication.
Compact Broadband Bandpass Filter on Quarter-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide Loaded with CRLH Interdigital Slots
Zhihua Wei, Jie Huang, Yanhui Geng, Jing Li, and Guoqing Xu
A compact broadband bandpass filter (BPF) on Composite right/left-handed (CRLH) Quarter-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (QMSIW) is presented and analyzed in this paper. A size reduction is implemented by etching the CRLH interdigital slots (CRLH-IS) in the compact QMSIW cavity to introduce a lower resonant frequency less than that of the QMSIW. The influence of the rotation angle of the CRLH-IS on the frequency response of the CRLH QMSIW BPF is analyzed, and the optimal rotation angle is used to implement a BPF with good out-band rejection. The proposed CRLH QMSIW shows the characteristics of low quality factor and high coupling coefficient that make it a good solution to design a broadband bandpass filter. The measured insertion loss is less than 1.8 dB at 4.43 GHz with a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of around 22%. The measured results agree well with the simulated ones.
A New Design Method for Patch Antenna with Low RCS and High Gain Performance
Li-Li Cong, Xiang-Yu Cao, Wenqiang Li, and Yi Zhao
In this letter, a new design for patch antenna, which can obtain low radar cross section (RCS) and high gain performance simultaneously, is proposed on the basis of a metamaterial (MTM) superstrate. The superstrate consists of two metallic layers with different patterns on both sides of a dielectric substrate. Low reflection and transmission are obtained from the upper surface which can absorb most of the incident wave to reduce the antenna RCS. The bottom surface, which has partial reflectivity, is used to construct a Fabry-Perot resonance cavity with the ground plane of the patch antenna to improve its directivity. Measured results show that the proposed antenna can achieve RCS reduction in a broad frequency band ranging from 2 to 14 GHz with maximum RCS reduction value of 28.3 dB, and high gain performance is enhanced by 4.3 dB at most compared with the original antenna in the working frequency band extending from 10.9 GHz to 12 GHz. The measured results agree well with the simulated ones.
The Research of Reciprocal Relations for Nonlinear Quadripole in the Magnetic Field
This paper deals with experimental verification of reciprocity relations for nonlinear quadripole, such as Hall transducer. We suppose that the matrix of quadripole resistances can be decomposed into the sum of matrices: linear and nonlinear. We experimentally confirmed the classical reciprocity relations for linear part of matrix of resistances.
Mutual Coupling Reduction Between Printed Dual-Frequency Antenna Arrays
Lin Li, Yantao Yu, and Lijun Yi
A new defected ground structure (DGS) is designed to reduce the mutual coupling of a dual-frequency printed monopole array. The designed dual-frequency DGS consists of two concentric split ring slots. Each split ring slot produces band rejection characteristics at one resonant frequency of the antennas. An effective equivalent circuit model of the DGS section is proposed with the circuit parameters successfully extracted. Good agreement exists among the circuit simulation, EM simulation and experimental results. With the inclusion of the DGS, the measured mutual coupling of the dual-band array has been effectively reduced by 10 dB and 20 dB at two resonant frequencies, respectively.
A Wideband Transmitarray Using Double-Petal Loop Elements
Chao Tian, Yong-Chang Jiao, and Gang Zhao
In this letter, a four-layer transmitarray operating at 9.5 GHz is designed using a double-petal loop element as the unit cell. A configuration of the double-petal loop elements is used to increase transmission phase variation while maintaining a wide transmission magnitude bandwidth of the unit cell, and a full transmission phase range of 360° is achieved for a transmission magnitude equals to or better than -2.4 dB. Furthermore, the oblique performance of the unit cell is also good. Then, a prime-focus 676-element microstrip transmitarray with the proposed element is fabricated and measured. The highest measured gain is about 22.15 dBi at 9.8 GHz, resulting in a 31% aperture efficiency. The antenna bandwidth of 10.2% (from 9.3 to 10.3 GHz) for 1 dB-gain is achieved in this design.
Design of Dual Band-Notched CPW-Fed UWB Planar Monopole Antenna Using Microstrip Resonators
Hany Ahmed Atallah, Adel Bedair Abdel-Rahman, Kuniaki Yoshitomi, and Ramesh K. Pokharel
In this paper, a new coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed ultra-wideband (UWB) planar monopole antenna with dual band-reject characteristics is proposed. Two resonators of different lengths are employed at the bottom layer to create two notches at the frequency of interest. The proposed fabricated antenna works from 2.8 to 11.34 GHz with two notched bands which cover the WLAN (5.725-5.825 GHz) and ITU (8.025-8.4 GHz) bands. The proposed antenna is fabricated and measured for verification purposes. Good agreement between the measurement and simulation is found.
Wideband Dual-Polarized Dipole Antenna with Differential Feeds
Jiao-Jiao Xie and Qian Song
A wideband dual-polarized dipole antenna is presented using the differential feed technique. The proposed antenna consists of two horizontal bow-tie dipoles and four vertically oriented meandering strips. Two pairs of differential-fed L-shaped microstrip feed lines are used to excite the antenna. Due to the differential-fed technique, the cross polarization level can be reduced to -35 dB. With the introduction of the meandering strips connecting the radiating patch to the ground plane, the height of the antenna is about 0.102λ0. A parametric study is performed to provide information for designing and optimizing such an antenna. The proposed dipole antenna has been fabricated and measured. The impedance bandwidth of 48.3% (S11 < -10 dB) from 2.57 GHz to 4.21 GHz is achieved. The measured isolation between the feeding ports is better than 30 dB over the operating band. Moreover, the antenna has a compact structure and good unidirectional radiation pattern, making it conveniently integrated with microwave differential circuits and applied in the base station systems.
Research on Minimum Energy Excited to Plasma Coating for Reducing Radar Cross Section of Target
Dan Cheng, Hong-Cheng Yin, and Hong-Xing Zheng
To reduce the radar cross section (RCS) of a target, plasma coating on perfectly electric conducting plate is studied in this paper. Nonuniform helium plasma produced by a minitype solid rocket engine is with collisional and unmagnetized. Energy excited for generating helium plasma is investigated. Based on the collisional, unmagnetized, and cold plasma model, backscattering RCS is computed by using finite-difference time-domain method. Principle of RCS reduction is explained. To find minimum input energy while RCS reduced, relationship between input power and RCS reduction is discussed, and numerical optimization is also implemented. We can identify optimal parameters and choose the best electron density profile under condition of given input power level.
Optimal Design of a Ku/Ka-Band Wide-Flare-Angle Corrugated Horn Using the Differential Evolution Algorithm
Lei Xie, Yong-Chang Jiao, Biao Du, Ze-Yu Meng, and Yan Shi
A novel wide-flare-angle corrugated horn covering the full Ku/Ka satellite communication frequency bands is designed and optimized. In order to satisfy the rigorous bandwidth requirements, a spline-profiled smooth section and a corrugated section with ring-loaded slots are introduced into the wide-flare-angle horn design. Instead of the ``trial-and-error'' method, the Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm is employed to obtain the optimum dimensions of the proposed horn. A prototype of the optimized horn is constructed and measured. Both simulated and measured results show that the proposed horn has good radiation and impedance performance. The performance of the horn is also demonstrated as a feed in a typical dual-reflector antenna. Simulation results show that the overall antenna system meets the usual performance requirements.
A Novel Compact Microstrip UWB Bandpass Filter with Improved Out-of-Band Rejection
Yong-Qin Liu and Xi-Zheng Ke
A new compact microstrip ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) with improved out-of-band rejection and good selectivity is proposed using a modified ring multiple-mode resonator (MMR). The initial UWB bandpass filter comprises interdigital coupled lines and a conventional ring MMR. Then, four high-low impedance resonant cells are periodically placed in the inner area of the conventional ring MMR, which have the properties of achieving harmonic suppression and size reduction. To validate the design theory, a new compact microstrip UWB BPF with improved out-of-band rejection is designed and fabricated. Both simulated and experimental results are provided with good agreement.
Seven-Band Comb-Shaped Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Systems
Kaushik Mandal
This paper presents a very simple comb shaped single layer microstrip patch antenna with seven operating bands for wireless systems. Eight symmetrical rectangular strips are connected by a single strip to achieve multiple operating bands. The proposed antenna provides maximum number of resonating bands compared to the antennas of its class. Effects of additional strips and the connecting strip on the antenna characteristics are studied. A prototype of the antenna is fabricated for experimental validation. The measured reflection coefficient (S11) and radiation patterns are in good agreement with their simulated counterpart. Measured result shows that the proposed antenna can operate at seven different frequency bands 1.56-1.64 GHz, 1.76-1.94 GHz, 3.62-3.74 GHz, 4.43-4.48 GHz, 5.02-5.13 GHz, 5.48-5.62 GHz and 5.92-6.02 GHz. These bands cover some of the most useful bands for wireless systems such as GPS (1570.42-1580.42 MHz), DCS-1800 (1710-1880 MHz), PCS-1900 (1850-1990 MHz), WiMAX and WLAN.
A Compact Dual-Polarized Antenna for Base Station Application
Guanfeng Cui, Shi-Gang Zhou, Shu-Xi Gong, and Ying Liu
A compact dual-polarized antenna element integrated with balun is proposed. Two pairs of dipoles are employed for the dual-polarizations of the antenna, and strong mutual coupling between them is introduced to widen the bandwidth of the antenna. Bent dipoles are used to reduce the size of the antenna. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna can cover the bandwidth ranging from 790 MHz to 960 MHz with VSWR < 1.5 and isolation > 26 dB. The antenna element is also fabricated and tested. The measured results show that the antenna can be a good candidate for the design of European Digital Dividend/CDMA800/GSM900 mobile communication base station antenna.
Microstrip Dual-Band Bandpass Filter Using U-Shaped Resonators
Eugene A. Ogbodo, Yi Wang, and Kenneth Siok Kiam Yeo
Coupled resonators are widely used in the design of cross-coupled filters with dual-passband response and the quasi-elliptic function characteristics. In this paper, we will present a dual-band bandpass filter using only couplings between adjacent resonators, i.e. without cross-couplings. The dual-band bandpass filter with passband centre frequencies of 1747 MHz and 1880 MHz respectively is designed and fabricated using microstrip U-shaped resonators. Using coupled resonator pair as a dual-band cluster, a miniaturised structure is achieved as compared to the conventional topology. The measured responses agree closely with the simulations.


Some practitioners are convinced that selling real estate is a numbers game – a lucky numbers game.
Washington D.C.-area Long & Foster associate Juliet Zucker made multiple offers on a condominium on behalf of a client, but none of them were successful. Finally, she wrote an offer that ended in the number "18," which in Hebrew symbolizes "chai," which means life. The ploy was successful. Her client signed a contract for $384,118.
When Margaret Rome, a Baltimore-are practitioner, began selling homes 20 years ago, she drove a Porsche 944. In its honor, she ended the price on her first listing with 944. It sold within a week. Since then she has used the number for every property.
Glenn Kelman, CEO of Redfin, says there is truth in picking the right number. Redfin research shows that homes with a list price ending in "500" sell for more than properties whose price ends in three zeroes. They also spend slightly less time on the market.
Why is this? Nobody knows for sure. "You shouldn't sweat the weird stuff, because it will just drive you nuts," Kelman says.


Ecolab Healthcare programs address critical issues that affect patient outcomes and your hospital's bottom line. Our programs can help optimise patient care, provide hospital wide efficiency, improved patient and staff satisfaction and help build your hospital's reputation for quality in the markets you serve.
The Ecolab Compliance Monitoring System, a part of our complete Hand Hygiene Programme, helps your hospital accurately monitor hand hygiene to encourage positive change. As handwashing compliance increases, the risk of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) decreases and patient outcomes improve.


Skyblue Leisure Hand Torches and head torches for sale.
There is nothing more handy than a torch and Skyblue have a great selection of torches. We have headtorches such as the Gelert 0.5W headlight, superbright LED torches such as the Lifesystems Intensity 220 and even Sunncamp Dynamo Animal torches for the kids.


Instead of damaging the wall of a rental, what about having a really long, really strong pole (or even a cross) at the end of the ladder. It would brace against the window as you climbed down.
Hi Great Lakes Makes. I had the exact same issue about a print getting wrapped up in my insulation. However, being located in Australia, I didn't have access to the ceramic or the kapton tape, like AT ALL. :(I found that a LOT of teflon plumbers thread tape works just as well. I also found out the hard way that while woolen felt does indeed have a smoke temperature well above 280 celsius as found on the Internet, and works as a terrific insulator for a while, it will still char, and produce one heck of a burnt-hair stink.
If the curves are irregular curves, and the ground between is uneven, I'd try measuring triangles (along the surface) from the sharp corner. (Each line from the corner to the edge, and then along the edge).This will UNDERESTIMATE the area of the shape, but if you split your area up into approximately 15 degree slices, (six triangles for 90 degrees) the actual value will only be about 1% higher than the measured value.The nice thing is that you don't have to get the angles accurate, and this will work if the surface rises and falls slightly along the measured line.
Could you post a diagram of these?
I have one of these too. My method is to double distill. I let the first wash sit on sodium bicarbonate for a week or so, then dilute to 40% for the second distillation. I let the product sit in carboys for a few days in a cool spot, with the lid open, then carbon filter. It's important to dilute the first wash to 40% before the second distilling, or the air still gets overloaded. Leaving the cap open allows the traces of ethyl acetate, etc. evaporate off.
Hi Nathan. I'm assuming from your second comment you found the object bar on the left hand side and the visibility toggle option (right-click) for sketch 1?I must admit that this tutorial is becoming somewhat dated. The new development version of FreeCAD 0.18 (available for windows as a zip file) has a lot of new features that makes certain steps that I've posted unnecessary. Specifically, sketch constraints can now be toggled in edit mode into "references", which can be renamed and used from outside the sketch by other objects' formulas. This makes all the Draft steps (bar the Array ones) unnecessary.
This tutorial was written to a development version of 0.17.Newer releases of FreeCAD are becoming more strict about what is reference-able from inside a sketch. In later versions of 0.17, when you create a sketch, the dialog (attached below) asks if you want to "Allow used features", and under Allow external features, there are another two options called "From other bodies of the same part" and "From different parts or free features". Can either of you try these out and see if this fixes the problem?
Thank you, I'm glad you liked it. Having said that, the new development version of FreeCAD 0.18 has some new features that make this even easier, specifically Reference/Constraint toggling in sketches.
Clay is an inert material, but it also takes up land-fill space. The more material we throw into land-fills, the more land we have to clear and convert to land-fill. We certainly aren't at the theoretical re-mine/re-use part of the land-fill lifespan yet. (Unless you count land-fill methane extraction).Clay litters can also cause silicosis (think asbestosis). Those clays that use bentonite can also cause intestinal distress, as the dust can stick to kitty feet and bottoms, and is ingested when the cat grooms. https://www.jacksongalaxy.com/blog/the-benefits-of...Wood litters are biodegradable, but you have to ensure that your supplier produces them from renewably managed forests or plantations. Recycled paper pellets are a better option, but don't have the deodorising abilities of wood pellets. The bicarbonate is a good solution for this but is irritating (It's basic, pH about 9) if the cat comes in direct skin contact with it. Again, they also take up land-fill space if not composted, and this has big environmental impacts despite being biodegradable.I'd love if a system like this could have the bottom tray plumbed in, and the pee flushed out into a black-water line once the cat stepped out of the tray. Add a fan to draw smells down from the top tray (and dry the poop a bit) and you've got something really cool.
This would make a good outdoor bed if you covered it with mosquito netting.
It's pretty cool. You can also do calculations in the spreadsheet.
Rare Earth Magnet Magnetic Induction Loop Trickster for Cyclists.


Blodgett Pizza Oven, model 1048. Natural gas, LP available. Baking compartment measures 47" wide, 36" deep and 10" high. Accommodates Four 18" pies, Six 14" pies or Twelve 10" pies. 32" stainless steel legs included. Ask for a shipping quote.
Blodgett Double Stack 1060 Pizza Ovens. Natural gas, LP available. Each baking compartment measures 60" wide, 36" deep, 10" high. Accommodates twelve 18" pies (both ovens). Bottom oven supported by 12" stainless steel legs. Ask for a shipping quote.
Blodgett Pizza Oven, model 1060. Natural gas, LP also available. Baking compartment 60" wide, 36" deep, 10" high. Accommodates Six 18" pies, Eight 14" pies, or Eighteen 10" pies. 32" stainless steel legs included. Ask for a shipping quote.
Blodgett full size gas Convection Oven, model SHO-100-G. Natural gas operation (LP model available), 38.25" wide, 57.13" height, 36.88" deep. 50,000 BTU's, features 1 glass and 1 solid door. Ask for a shipping quote.
Blodgett Double Stack full size gas Convection Ovens, model SHO-100-G Double. Natural gas operation (LP model available). 38.25" wide, 70.68" height, 36.88" deep. 100,000 BTU's (total both ovens). Each oven features 1 glass and 1 solid door. Ask for a shipping quote.
Imperial double stack Convection Ovens, model ICV-2. Natural gas (or choose LP). Standard depth, accomodates 18" x 26" sheet pans. 1 year mfg warranty. Ask for a shipping quote.
Imperial Convection Oven, model ICV-1. Natural gas (or choose LP). Standard depth, accomodates 18" x 26" sheet pans. Includes stainless steel legs. 1 year mfg warranty. Ask for a shipping quote.


I finally finished Hew Strachan's The First World War, perhaps the best one volume treatment of the war I've read. Strachan's work was the basis of an excellent 10 part documentary produced by the BBC a few years ago. The Military Channel runs it from time to time and it's tone and approach are a marked contrast to most of what's on that channel. I got a season pass for the series on Tivo and ended up watching the whole thing twice over. The book is a companion to the series and its ten chapters follow the pattern set by the documentary. What I like about Strachan is that he really tries to cut through the propaganda and challenge the accepted truths about the Great War. He also covers all theaters of the war, instead of concentrating on trench warfare of the Western Front as many histories do. You really get the big picture and a sense of how the war aims of the various countries affected their strategies in different parts of the world. My only serious disagreement with Strachan is with his assessment of the Treaty Versailles. He asserts that the real problem with the treaty was not its terms, but the Entente's unwillingness to enforce them in the 20s and 30s. I think that treaty is a classic case of victor's vengeance and many problems we still deal with today have their root in its short-sightedness. Still and all, both book and documentary are well worth checking out.
I also watched Ken Burns' The War documentary recently, and that was quite excellent. It tells the story of America in WWII through the experiences of four towns spread across the country. As with Strachan's work, The War tries to dispel some myths (like that American soldiers never shot prisoners). Nor does it shy away from showing some harsh footage, the types of images the government kept far away from the home front during the war itself. I got the companion book over the weekend, though I haven't had a chance to read it yet (it's too big and cumbersome to take on the bus, where I read most of The First World War, so that ones for home I guess). I did laugh every time I heard, "Funding for The War provided by…" but that's PBS for you. All in all The War is another feather in Burns' hat and a worthy successor to the Civil War. In fact, it's better in some ways because he was able to interview living people, many of whom were only now willing to talk about their wartimes experiences.


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Oil and gas train runs off tracks, explodes in Canada — again
http://grist.org/news/oil-and-gas-train-runs-off-tracks-explodes-in-canada-again/
By John Upton, October 21, 2013
Another train loaded with fossil fuels derailed in Canada over the weekend, triggering explosions and fueling a big fire.
Firefighters did not bother battling the flames at the accident near Edmonton in Alberta. Instead, they allowed the propane that was leaking from ruptured rail cars to burn itself out. Nobody was hurt, but a nearby town was evacuated. From a weekend Globe and Mail report:
The train belongs to Canadian National Railway Co. It derailed in Gainford, a village about 90 kilometres west of Alberta's capital, at around 1 a.m. MT Saturday. The train was en route to Vancouver from Edmonton.
Thirteen tanker cars went off the track, according to Louis-Antoine Paquin, a spokesman for CN. Nine of those are pressurized tank cars filled with liquefied petroleum gas in the form of propane, and three of them are on fire.
Four of the derailed tank cars are loaded with oil and have "no indications of any leaks," he said. Mr. Paquin would not say to whom the shipment belonged.
The accident comes just a few months after a train derailment and explosion in Quebec killed dozens of people and leveled a town. As the North American energy industry booms, more oil and gas are being transported by rail — and that's leading to more accidents. From Bloomberg:
The [rail] industry is drawing heightened attention after a train carrying oil jumped the tracks and exploded in Lac-Megantic, Quebec, in July, killing 47.
Railroads are facing new rules that may raise costs as energy companies move more oil on trains amid delays in building new pipelines such as TransCanada Corp.'s Keystone XL. Across the continent, trains are forecast to move as much as 2 million barrels a day by the end of 2014, according to Calgary-based pipeline operator TransCanada.
Canadian National Railway Chief Operating Officer Jim Vena told reporters that his company operates a safe railroad. "But we do have incidents," he added. And those incidents can be explosive when shipments of fossil fuels are involved.
Valero Moves to Ship Tar Sands By Rail into LA Harbor
http://www.wilderutopia.com/environment/energy/tar-sands/valero-moves-to-ship-tar-sands-by-rail-into-la/
By Jack Eidt, October 18, 2013
Valero Energy seeks permits for large-scale shipments of low-quality tar sands oil via rail into their Port of Los Angeles refinery, without any public comment or environmental review. As part of a larger move to transport climate-disrupting unconventional crude to ports for refining and export to the world, it presents dangers given recent rail accidents, the corrosive nature of tar sands bitumen, and the significant pollution that surrounding communities already live with.
Valero Energy Corp intends to construct a rail terminal in LA Harbor to import for processing 60,000 barrels of diluted bitumen (dilbit) per day from Canada's tar sands, without public comment or environmental review.
Groups Call on Valero for Transparency and Public Comment in Tar Sands By Rail Project
Valero Energy Corp intends to construct a 50-car rail unloading system to import 60,000 barrels of tar sands diluted bitumen (dilbit) per day into their Ultramar Wilmington Refinery in the Harbor Area of LA. This proposal would potentially exchange more than 76% of its refinery input from conventional crude to dilbit. A coalition of climate, environmental and social justice activists led by Tar Sands Action SoCal, has demanded that AQMD conduct an open and transparent process on the Valero project, with public participation in an environmental review process. See the petition: http://www.credomobilize.com/p/TSWilmington
The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) and Communities for a Better Environment requested in April 2013 an inquiry as to the impacts from refineries already processing the semi-solid form of oil have increased their noxious emissions and raised risks of accidental spills and accidents. They called upon the Southern California Air Quality Management District (AQMD) to evaluate the effects on health, air quality, safety and the climate of refining the heavy Canadian crude, which requires intensive processing to remove higher levels of sulfur to meet U.S. standards. Now that the application has been released [albeit redacted to protect their "trade secrets"], the community must be brought to the table.
Impacts of Transporting, Refining and Burning Tar Sands
This local battle is part of the larger campaign against heavy Canadian crude that has stalled the Keystone XL pipeline project, which would carry tar sands oil to the Gulf of Mexico. In fact, the delays in approvals of the KXL, based on the unprecedented protest against this form of climate-disrupting and ecosystem-threatening unconventional fossil fuel, has led the oil industry to explore numerous avenues to bringing their toxic product to market.
The Athabascan Tar Sands of Alberta, Canada. These deposits of sand saturated with bitumen, contain twice the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by global oil use in our entire history.
Accidents. Given the highly corrosive nature of sulfur-rich bitumen, accidents have become more common. The dangers of hauling a toxic and flammable product through winding mountain passes compounds the dangers. Consider the horrific explosion of an oil train in Canada's Lac-Megantic, Quebec, where 42 people were killed. In March 2013, a train derailed in Minnesota, spilling 15,000 gallons of Canadian tar sands crude. What about last year's pipe failure in at the Chevron Richmond Refinery that sent more than 15,000 local residents to area hospitals. Significantly increasing supplies into the refinery could make corrosion-related accidents more likely and pose a unique set of pollution and safety related risks to both local communities and refinery workers.
Air Quality. Los Angeles communities experience higher rates of asthma, because they breathe some of the most polluted air in the country. Of particular concern is the low-income community of Wilmington, an LA Harbor suburb surrounded by five oil refineries and long decried by social justice groups as a "sacrifice zone" of commerce and toxic pollution. Many studies have found that refining dilbit releases into the air greater concentrations of pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, various heavy metals, and other harmful pollutants.
The main danger is that tar sands refineries emit significantly higher amounts of sulfur dioxide, which is linked to wheezing, chest tightness, overall reduced lung function, cardiovascular issues, and respiratory weakness. Sulfur dioxide is especially dangerous for people who have preexisting heart and lung conditions. — ForestEthics
In addition to Valero, Phillips 66 Co. and Tesoro Corp also have announced plans to use rail cars to bring in more Canadian tar sands, with as yet no public process to evaluate the impacts of this move.
Climate Disruption. Refining and burning tar sands also produces more greenhouse gases than liquid crude, and will have implications in further destabilizing the climate. As former NASA scientist Dr. James Hansen famously stated, the planned quadrupling of tar sands oil extraction in Canada would mean "game over for the climate." Moreover, regional increases in carbon pollution will make it harder for Southern California to meet requirements of the state's global warming law, AB 32, which seeks to reduce emission levels by creating a market that puts a price on greenhouse gas emissions. Owners of power plants and factories buy and sell permits to release the gases into the atmosphere, but oil companies are not required to announce the sources of their crude.
Petcoke. The coal-like waste product produced in high volumes from tar sands refining, petroleum coke causes significant issues with toxic dust for already environmentally-compromised communities. The issue of petcoke hit the national media spotlight when piles appeared along the Detroit River after a similar expansion of tar sands refining began at the nearby Marathon refinery. BP's Whiting refinery produces 6,000 tons per day, which is being dumped in massive piles near homes on Chicago's southeast side. Moreover, new regulatory documents point to similar issues in Lima and Toledo, Ohio (the Detroit piles ended up somewhere in Ohio…nobody is saying exactly where).
Petcoke can be used as a cheap fuel for coal-fired power plants, yet it releases 53.6 percent more CO2. "Petcoke is the coal hiding in the tar sands," said Lorne Stockman, research director for Oil Change International.
For video: Piles of Petcoke and Coal Worry Residents in Southeast Chicago
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2M-zr7Vus8I
Environmental Review with Full Disclosure and Public Participation
Any proposed changes to the refineries that could significantly increase pollution should be evaluated carefully through an open process that encourages public participation.
The Air District has the authority to conduct a public comment period on permits that could result in significantly higher levels of air pollution. Tar Sands Action SoCal and their coalition encourage the district to do the following:
1. Conduct an open and transparent evaluation process, including accepting public comment on the proposed crude-by-rail facility,
2. Increase public participation by widely publicizing the public comment period, and
3. Release all relevant information related to the project for public review.
While AQMD has been chosen as the lead agency, the City of Los Angeles must get involved, and accelerate the process for doing a publicly transparent California Environmental Quality Act impact analysis, despite Valero's payment of a 50 percent surcharge for an expedited review.
No Public Input. To date, there has been no public input in the process. Valero's application indicates a request to start construction by February 1, 2014. Valero indicated on their application that their maximum throughput, refinery equipment, and energy demand would not change from the proposed project. Furthermore, they claim no increase in combustion emissions, which emit less than 30 pounds of volatile organic compounds per day. Yet, these claims must be evaluated through objective study. Yet, Valero has maintained that all other correspondence, supplemental reports and documentation, and other information vital for analysis of potential impacts of the facility, should remain confidential.
It is imperative that the public be allowed to evaluate this project's effects on health, air quality, safety and the climate. In the coming weeks, Tar Sands Action will be taking the petition to AQMD, which includes a letter signed by a coalition of national, regional, and local environmental and community organizations.
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Students who perform AFE internships are required to submit a written report at the end of their internship experience. We are pleased to share these reports to allow you to see first hand the wonderful opportunity and important hands-on experience that AFE internships provide.
Vic & Margaret Ball Internship Student Reports — Commercial production internships lasting 3 – 6 months.
Mosmiller Internship Student Reports — Retail, wholesale or allied trade internships lasting 10-16 weeks.
Learn more about AFE's Intern Scholarship Programs.
The Markham-Colegrave International Scholarship operates in cooperation with the David Colegrave Foundation in London. Each year there will be an exchange of students between the U.S. and Europe, alternating between the two countries.
Read Scottish student Jamie Satterthwaite's full report about his 2016 experiences as a horticulture intern in Michigan.
Read Brooke Gasteyer's full report about her 2013 experiences as a horticulture intern in Germany.
AFE has more than 20 scholarships awarded annually.
Deadline for applications is May 1.


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Q: Get Firebase User.ProviderID on auth/wrong-password when using signInWithEmailAndPassword I have an Application that uses Firebase for Authentification.
I allow users to sign in with either Google/Facebook/Twitter or using an Email and Password.
Additionally I have activated within Firebase that Users can only create one account per email.
I want to cover the Following case:
A users signs up with facebook and gets a user account created with their facebook email (e.G. facebookuser@gmail.com).
A few days later the user comes back to the app, but forgot that he signed up using facebook and tries loging in with their email adress facebookuser@gmail.com and their usual password instead.
The firebase.auth().signInWithEmailAndPassword(email, password) method throws an auth/wrong-password error, as no password was given using the facebook login method but the email does exist.
Instead of showing a useless "Wrong password or the account corresponding to the email does not have a password set." error I would like to check instead which provider was used for signing up and reminding the user to sign in with the provider instead.
Unfortunately there doesn't seem to exist a method to get the User.ProviderID for a given email or to understand if the auth/wrong-password error was given because the user typed in a wrong password or if there was no password given in first place as the user signed up with an OAuthProvider instead.

A: Okay, I have missed the fetchProvidersForEmail method.
Just for Reference: (not the final code I will be using)

*

*Uses signInWithEmailAndPassword to check if a User exists

*If it doesn't it creates it using createUserWithEmailAndPassword

*If a user exits, it tries to login and catches errors

*If the error is auth/wrong-password it checks with fetchProvidersForEmail if the user has used a Provider to sign up
firebase.auth().signInWithEmailAndPassword(email, password).catch(function(error) {
    var errorCode = error.code;
    var errorMessage = error.message;

    // User not found? Create user.
    if ( errorCode === 'auth/user-not-found' ) {
        firebase.auth().createUserWithEmailAndPassword(email, password).catch(function(error) {
            // Handle Errors here.
            var errorCode = error.code;
            var errorMessage = error.message;
            if ( errorCode == 'email-already-in-use' ) {
                alert('You already have an account with that email.');
            } else if ( errorCode == 'auth/invalid-email' ) {
                alert('Please provide a valid email');
            } else if ( errorCode == 'auth/weak-password' ) {
                alert('The password is too weak.');
            } else {
                alert(errorMessage);
            }
            console.log(error);
        });
    // Wrong Password Error
    } else if ( errorCode === 'auth/wrong-password' ) {
        // Check if User has signed up with a OAuthProvider
        firebase.auth().fetchProvidersForEmail(email).then(function( result ){
            // … show OAuthProvider Login Button
        });
        alert('Wrong password. Please try again');
    } else {
        alert( errorMessage );
    }
    console.log( error );
});


GRIDLEY — Work starting soon to upgrade a PG&E electric substation near Gridley will result in two brief power outages in Biggs next week.
Two new remotely operated high-voltage circuit breakers are being installed, replacing two switches that had to be operated manually.
This will allow PG&E to restore power more quickly in case of outages in southern Butte County and northern Sutter County.
The new circuit breakers also will enable PG&E to feed power in both directions on a set of 60,000-volt power lines between Oroville, Gridley and Live Oak, which will also shorten outages.
Two power outages in Biggs of up to 15 minutes will be necessary while the circuits are switched.
The first outage will occur around midnight, either very late Tuesday, or very early Wednesday morning. The second will occur before 5 a.m. on Wednesday.


text:
Q: Sending http post request in buildbot I am using buildbot version 0.8.5 and need to send an HTTP post request from it as a step. After searching for it on internet, I found that the latest version 0.8.8 has a step called HTTPStep for doing so. Is there any similar step in the older version?
I know it can be done using batch file or python program using urllib2. but is there any other way to do it?

A: You should be able to use the HTTPStep from 0.8.8 (provided you install the necessary dependency (https://pypi.python.org/pypi/txrequests and http://python-requests.org/)). Just copy the http.py file from 0.8.8 next to your master.cfg, and have your master.cfg import the HTTPStep derived class POST from module http instead of buildbot.steps.http.
Some small adjustments might be needed to make it work with the API of 0.8.5 though.

A: Just my thoughts..As far as I know it is better to use a python script from a build step. Simple and easy to control. The logic being:

*

*the entire buildbot is inside one http connection/session and sending another http request somewhere might have issues with the connection/session.

*from the buildbot httpstep description, you need to install additional python packages which might be not be so convenient to do on multiple slaves/masters.