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The County Assembly of Bomet
Article 176 (Chapter Eleven) of the Constitution of Kenya 2010 establishes County Governments consisting of a County Assembly and a County Executive. The Chapter further sets out the roles, functions and other matters relating to the membership and operations of the County Assembly.
Article 185 of the Constitution provides for the legislative authority of County Assemblies, vesting the legislative authority of a county and the exercise of that authority in its County Assembly. The Assembly has powers to make any laws that are necessary for, or incidental to, the effective performance of the functions and exercise of the powers of the County Government under the Fourth Schedule.
It also provides that a County Assembly, while respecting the principle of the separation of powers, may exercise oversight over the County Executive. The Assembly also receives and approves plans and policies for the management and exploitation of the County's resources and the development and management of its infrastructure and institutions. County Assemblies are expected to conduct an oversight of the County Government, which has been expanded greatly, with extended control over critical County processes such as the Budgeting process, public appointment and County Legislation among others.
Section 8 of the County Governments Act, 2012 further provides that the County Assembly shall vet and approve nominees for appointment to county public offices, perform the roles set out under Article 185 of the Constitution, approve the budget and expenditure of the County Government in accordance with Article 207 of the Constitution, and the legislation contemplated in Article 220 (2) of the Constitution, guided by Articles 201 and 203 of the Constitution, approve the borrowing by the county government in accordance with Article 212 of the Constitution, approve county development planning and perform any other role as may be set out under the Constitution or legislation.
Bomet County Assembly consists of 36 Members, who include twenty five (25) Ward Representatives, each elected by registered voters of the wards, each ward constituting a single member constituency. Ten (10) members are nominated by political parties according to their proportional representation in the County Assembly to represent special interests including persons with disabilities, minorities and the youth, and the Honourable Speaker elected from outside the House.
The County covers an area of 2037.4 Km2 and is divided into five (5) Sub-Counties (Constituencies), with the 25 wards, 67 locations and 176 sub-locations.
About Bomet County
Bomet County is in the former Rift Valley Province of Kenya. Its capital and largest town is Bomet. The county has a population of 730,129 and an area of 1,997.9 km².
Web: www.bomet.go.ke
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© 2016 Bomet - County Assembly


Clear the drama, feel closer, and enjoy a more peaceful and present family dynamic. Don't let the holidays stir up tensions! This recorded Healing Meditation features International Energy Healer Lisa Thomas.
Healing Meditations can lead to a resonating release of blocks, burdens, and negative energy for everyone listening - even to the recording after. Learn more, and see upcoming topics at lisathomasenergyhealing.com.
All rights reserved. No part of any Healing Meditation, or previously known Healing Circles, may be used or reproduced by any means, converting to document form, electronic, or mechanical; including re-recording, taping or any information storage retrieval system without the written permission of Lisa Thomas or her legal team.


PharmaGossip: The best justice money can buy - when will someone go to jail?!
The best justice money can buy - when will someone go to jail?!
The London-based bank faced allegations last Monday that it had left the US financial system vulnerable to terrorists, drug kingpins and corrupt regimes by "scheming" with the Iranian government to conduct secret transactions worth $250bn.
Chief executive Peter Sands flew to New York yesterday in the hope of securing a settlement with the regulator and avoiding a public showdown, having denied the claims last week.
As part of the deal the bank has agreed to install a monitor, chosen by the regulator's superintendent Benjamin Lawsky, to evaluate the risk controls in place to avoid money laundering for at least two years. It will also assign permanent auditors in its New York office as an additional safeguard.


New Rochelle is vetting a zoning proposal that would benefit Montefiore Hospital and allow developers to build housing at below market rates.
NEW ROCHELLE - Calling Montefiore Hospital the city's most important employer, officials are mulling a zoning change that would allow doctors and nurses to live close to the hospital at significantly reduced rents.
Should the proposed zoning change pass, developers could build taller apartment buildings and medical-related facilities — such as doctors' offices, clinical labs and educational centers — on Union Avenue from 1st Street to Warren Street.
It would also pave the way for a seven-story, 75-unit apartment building intended for low-cost housing, at the corner of Union and Webster avenues, planned by Quintessential Land Development.
Quintessential Land Development submitted conceptual plans and an application for the zoning change in late January. The zoning change is under review by the city.
Under the proposal, 45 units would be studio apartments, one-bedrooms and two-bedrooms, marketed as workforce housing. Westchester residents with a combined annual household income of $84,560 are eligible for workforce housing, according to Luiz Aragon, New Rochelle's commissioner of development.
Quintessential Land Development currently owns the three properties — 164 and 172 Union Avenue and 176 Webster Avenue — that it wants to combine and develop.
The project site would be just outside the downtown, about half-a-mile away from the Metro-North Railroad station.
Because it's outside the downtown, Trangucci said most of the apartments would have below-market monthly rents estimated to be about $1,200 to $1,800, depending on the size of the apartment.
In comparison, Halstead New Rochelle Metro North, a luxury apartment building in the center of the downtown and a block away from the train station, charges monthly rents as high as $3,400, depending on the floor and room size, according to prices listed on its website.
For projects like Quintessential's to become a reality, developers need to build up, Aragon said, because lot sizes are small.
He said the current zone allows for two-story buildings with a maximum height of 30 feet. The proposed zone would allow for seven-story buildings, 75 feet high.
As Aragon noted, the building across the street from the Quintessential project site, in a different zone, is currently a seven-story building.
The proposed project and accompanying zoning change was listed in the draft comprehensive plan, being put together by the city's consultant BFJ Planning.


We welcome your interest in the Parent Teachers Association (PTA) of the Sree Shanthi Anand Vidyalaya School – Chennai. We are a service oriented association of all parents and guardians of SSAV students.Our purpose is to nurture, support, and celebrate the SSAV Vision and mission. We hope to be a resource for families settling into SSAV and Chennai, and to promote a spirit of community within our School family. As our members hail from many communities, the PTA encourages activities to learn more about our host culture and the diverse cultures within our community. Much of our programming is social, but we include some fundraising for the benefit of our students.
The PTA encourages participation in SSAV activities. Working closely with the Administration, we help coordinate volunteers to assist with cultural and sporting events, classroom activities, and student social and charitable projects. We organize several events during the school year: UN Day, Diwali Mela, the PTA ball, and Teacher and Volunteer Appreciation Days. A guide to parent-recommended goods and service providers, The Chennai Chapter, is published regularly; net proceeds support PTA charitable donations. SSAV Connect, the magazine of the PTA, is distributed before summer holidays and summarizes the activities of the year.
We hold general meetings on the last Saturday of most months. The PTA leadership team gives an update on current projects and activities, members of the School Administration present information, and there is time for questions and answers.
The PTA is led by an elected Executive Committee comprising a President, Vice President, Secretary, and Treasurer. The Committee is supported by appointed representatives and sub-committees, which vary each year according to the needs of the Committee. Positions may include , event coordinators, new parent coordinators, sports and arts coordinators, and others. Teacher representatives are appointed by the Principals of each School.


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Lloyd Webber Tunes Up With Universal
The hit show tunes of musical impresario Andrew Lloyd Webber tapped a major new revenue stream yesterday (Aug. 14) with a groundbreaking deal between Universal Music and Webber's London-based company.
Lloyd Webber, through his company the Really Useful Group, will give Universal Music exclusive worldwide digital and mobile rights to the entire catalog of the composer's songs.
The deal means that tunes from the new London production of "Evita" will be made available online alongside the physical release of the cast album. The deal also covers songs from "Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat," "Cats," "Jesus Christ Superstar," "Starlight Express" and "The Phantom of the Opera," which will be available beginning Aug. 22.
Many of the songs also will be made available as realtones for mobile phones in the coming months. Separately, Lloyd Webber has struck a deal with Universal Music for the album for the upcoming West End production of "The Sound of Music," which will feature the winner of the BBC TV show "How Do You Solve a Problem Like Maria?"
More than $6.6 million worth of tickets already have been sold for Lloyd Webber's production of the musical, set to open at the London Palladium in November. The television series, which is searching for an unknown singer to play Maria Von Trapp, has been airing on the BBC since July.
No financial details were disclosed for either deal.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


HeinOnline Academic Core Collection - legal and government publications digital archives from Canada and the U.S.
Google Custom Search code courtesy of MADGIC, Carleton University Library. All images are Creative Commons (CC by 2.0). Image credits: Canadian flag image by Karim Rezk, via Flickr; Quebec flag image by leo gonzales, via Flickr; Banff National Park image by Pascal, via Flickr; Map image by Alexander Kaiser, pooliestudios.com, via Flickr; and United Nations flag image by sanjitbakshi, via Flickr.


What does Alexandru mean, details, origin, short & easy attributes?
Alexandru pronunciation in 20 different native languages.
The meaning of Alexandru has more than one different etymologies. It has same or different meanings in other countries and languages. The different meanings of the name Alexandru are: Greek meaning: Defending men. Romanian meaning: Defending men.
Alexandru is baby boy name mainly popular in Christian religion and its main origin is . Alexandru name meanings is Defend, to help, helper of mankind. Other similar sounding names can be Alexander.
Each letter meanings in Alexandru Name.
Popular personalities with Alexandru Name.
Alexandru Chipciu is a soccer player for the FC Steaua BucureYti, ACS Dacia Unirea BrYila, FC BraYov, FC Forex BraYov, CSA Steaua BucureYti, Romania national under-17 football team, Romania national under-19 football team, and Romania national football team. Alexandru was born on May 18th, 1989 in BrYila.
Alexandru Maxim is a soccer player for the VfB Stuttgart, RCD Espanyol, RCD Espanyol B, CF Badalona, CS Pandurii Targu Jiu, Romania national under-21 football team, and Romania national football team. Alexandru was born on July 8th, 1990 in Piatra NeamY, Romania. Alexandru is also known as Maxim and Alexandru Iulian.
Alexandru Ioan Cuza was royalty. He was most active from 1862 to 1866. Alexandru was born on March 20th, 1820 in Barlad, Moldavia. He passed away on May 15th, 1873.
Alexandru was born on September 3rd, 1974 in Paleu.
Alexandru MYYel is a soccer player for the GNK Dinamo Zagreb, FC Farul ConstanYa, FC Delta Dobrogea Tulcea, FC Astra Giurgiu, Romania national under-21 football team, and Romania national football team. Alexandru was born on October 17th, 1989 in ConstanYa, Romania.
Alexandru GaYcan is a soccer player for the FC Rostov, FC Unisport-Auto ChiYinYu, FC Spartak Moscow, FC Spartak Nizhny Novgorod, FC Rubin Kazan, Moldova national under-21 football team, and Moldova national football team. Alexandru was born on March 27th, 1984 in ChiYinYu.
Nicolae Alexandru is a monarch. He was most active from 1344 to 1352.
Sadie Alexandru is an actress and model. She was most active from 2006 to 2006. Sadie was given the name Sarah Jocelyn Alexandru on December 2nd, 1977 in New York City, United States. Sadie is also known as Alenandru and Sarah Jocelyn.
Ioan was born on December 25th, 1941. He passed away on September 16th, 2000.
Maria was born on December 30th, 1939 in Plugova.
Constantin was born on December 15th, 1953. He left this life on August 10th, 2014.
Other Personalities with Alexandru Name.


The president of SJSU is addressing a new report that a professor who sexually harassed a student was allowed to remain in his job.
SAN JOSE (KGO) -- The president of San Jose State University is addressing a new report that a professor who sexually harassed a student was allowed to remain in his job.
San Jose State's president sent an email to the entire campus community Tuesday night responding to the Mercury News report about Professor Lewis Aptekar.
A female student accused Aptekar of sexually harassing her in class last year, saying he repeatedly asked if she was single and said he wanted to date her. His attorney told our media partner that the questions were made in the context of class discussions.
The Mercury News reports a campus investigation found the student was harassed, saying Aptekar's questions probed for more personal information that possibly related to an academic program. The Mercury News also reports two other students complained about Aptekar's behavior in 2014 and that their complaints were not factored into Aptekar's punishment.
He reportedly remained chair of the counselor's education department for nearly five months after the investigation ended and then he served a ten day suspension last spring. .
"We are looking into them, we will learn from them and we will take appropriate systematic actions based on what we learn," said Papazain.
The university says it can't offer any further comment because the investigation is covered by privacy laws and much of the information was gained from personnel files.


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Religious Conversion Worst Form of 'Intolerance,' Bhutan PM Says
Propagation of religion is allowable – but not seeking conversions, top politician says.
THIMPHU, Bhutan, April 13 (CDN) — In the Kingdom of Bhutan, where Christianity is still awaiting legal recognition, Christians have the right to proclaim their faith but must not use coercion or claim religious superiority to seek conversions, the country's prime minister told Compass in an exclusive interview.
"I view conversions very negatively, because conversion is the worst form of intolerance," Jigmi Yoser Thinley said in his office in the capital of the predominantly Buddhist nation.
Christian leaders in Bhutan have told Compass that they enjoy certain freedoms to practice their faith in private homes, but, because of a prohibition against church buildings and other restrictions, they were not sure if proclamation of their faith – included in international human rights codes – was allowed in Bhutan.
Prime Minister Thinley, who as head of the ruling party is the most influential political chief in the country, said propagation of one's faith is allowed, but he made it clear that he views attempts to convert others with extreme suspicion.
"The first premise [of seeking conversion] is that you believe that your religion is the right religion, and the religion of the convertee is wrong – what he believes in is wrong, what he practices is wrong, that your religion is superior and that you have this responsibility to promote your way of life, your way of thinking, your way of worship," Thinley said. "It's the worst form of intolerance. And it divides families and societies."
Bhutan's constitution does not restrict the right to convert or proselytize, but some Non-Governmental Organizations have said the government effectively limits this right by restricting construction of non-Buddhist worship buildings and celebration of some non-Buddhist festivals, according to the U.S. Department of State's 2010 International Religious Freedom Report.
It adds that Bhutan's National Security Act (NSA) further limits proclamation of one's faith by prohibiting "words either spoken or written, or by other means whatsoever, that promote or attempt to promote, on grounds of religion, race, language, caste, or community, or on any other ground whatsoever, feelings of enmity or hatred between different religious, racial, or language groups or castes and communities." Violation of the NSA is punishable by up to three years' imprisonment, though whether
any cases have been prosecuted is unknown, according to the State Department report.
Bhutan's first democratic prime minister after about a century of absolute monarchy, Thinley completed three years in office last Thursday (April 7). While he affirmed that it is allowable for Christians to proclaim their faith – a practice commanded by Christ, with followers agreeing that it is the Holy Spirit, not man, that "converts" people – Thinley made his suspicions about Christians' motives manifest.
"Any kind of proselytization that involves economic and material incentives [is wrong]," he said. "Many people are being converted on hospital beds in their weakest and most vulnerable moments. And these people are whispering in their ears that 'there is no hope for you. The only way that you can survive is if you accept this particular religion.' That is wrong."
Thinley's suspicions include the belief that Christians offer material incentives to convert.
"Going to the poor and saying, 'Look, your religion doesn't provide for this life, our religion provides for this life as well as the future,' is wrong. And that is the basis for proselytization."
Christian pastors in Thimphu told Compass that the perception that Bhutan's Christians use money to convert the poor was flawed.
The pastors, requesting anonymity, said they prayed for healing of the sick because they felt they were not allowed to preach tenets of Christianity directly. Many of those who experience healing – almost all who are prayed for, they claimed – do read the Bible and then believe in Jesus' teachings.
Asked if a person can convert if she or he believed in Christianity, the prime minister replied, "[There is] freedom of choice, yes."
In his interview with Compass, Thinley felt compelled to defend Buddhism against assertions that citizens worship idols.
"To say that, 'Your religion is wrong, worshiping idols is wrong,' who worships idols?" he said. "We don't worship idols. Those are just representations and manifestations that help you to focus."
Leader of the royalist Druk Phuensum Tshogpa party, Thinley is regarded as a sincere politician who is trusted by Bhutan's small Christian minority. He became the prime minister in April 2008 following the first democratic election after Bhutan's fourth king, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, abdicated power in 2006 to pave the way toward democracy.
Until Bhutan became a constitutional monarchy in 2008, the practice of Christianity was believed to be banned in the country. The constitution now grants the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion to all citizens. It also states that the king is the protector of all religions.
Thus far, the Religious Organisations Act of 2007 has recognized only Buddhist and Hindu organizations. As a result, no church building or Christian bookstore has been allowed in the country, nor can Christians engage in social work. Christianity in Bhutan remains confined to the homes of local believers, where they meet for collective worship on Sundays.
Asked if a Christian federation should be registered by the government to allow Christians to function with legal recognition, Thinley said, "Yes, definitely."
The country's agency regulating religious organizations under the 2007 act, locally known as the Chhoedey Lhentshog, is expected to make a decision on whether it could register a Christian federation representing all Christians. The authority is looking into provisions in the law to see if there is a scope for a non-Buddhist and non-Hindu organization to be registered. (See http://www.compassdirect.com, "Official Recognition Eludes Christian Groups in Bhutan," Feb. 1.)
On whether the Religious Organisations Act could be amended if it is determined that it does not allow legal recognition of a Christian federation, the prime minister said, "If the majority view and support prevails in the country, the law will change."
Thinley added that he was partially raised as a Christian.
"I am part Christian, too," he said. "I read the Bible, occasionally of course. I come from a traditional [Christian] school and attended church every day except for Saturdays for nine years."
A tiny nation in the Himalayas between India and China, Bhutan has a population of 708,484 people, of which roughly 75 percent are Buddhist, according to Operation World. Christians are estimated to be between 6,000 to nearly 15,000 (the latter figure would put Christians at more than 2 percent of the population), mostly from the south. Hindus, mainly ethnic Nepalese, constitute around 22 percent of the population and have a majority in the south.
Religious 'Competition'
Bhutan's opposition leader, Lyonpo Tshering Togbay, was equally disapproving of religious conversion.
"I am for propagation of spiritual values or anything that allows people to be good human beings," he told Compass. "[But] we cannot have competition among religions in Bhutan."
He said, however, that Christians must be given rights equal to those of Hindus and Buddhists.
"Our constitution guarantees the right to freedom of practice – full stop, no conditions," he said. "But now, as a small nation state, there are some realities. Christianity is a lot more evangelistic than Hinduism or Buddhism."
Togbay said there are Christians who are tolerant and compassionate of other peoples, cultures and religions, but "there are Christians also who go through life on war footing to save every soul. That's their calling, and it's good for them, except that in Bhutan we do not have the numbers to accommodate such zeal."
Being a small nation between India and China, Bhutan's perceived geopolitical vulnerability leads authorities to seek to pre-empt any religious, social or political unrest. With no economic or military might, Bhutan seeks to assert and celebrate its sovereignty through its distinctive culture, which is based on Buddhism, authorities say.
Togbay voiced his concern on perceived threats to Bhutan's Buddhist culture.
"I studied in a Christian school, and I have lived in the West, and I have been approached by the Jehovah's Witness – in a subway, in an elevator, in a restaurant in the U.S. and Switzerland. I am not saying they are bad. But I would be a fool if I was not concerned about that in Bhutan," he said. "There are other things I am personally concerned about. Religions in Bhutan must live in harmony. Too often I have come across people who seek a convert, pointing to statues of our deities and saying
that idol worship is evil worship. That is not good for the security of our country, the harmony of our country and the pursuit of happiness."
The premise of the Chhoedey Lhentshog, the agency regulating religious organizations, he said, "is that all the different schools of Buddhism and all the different religions see eye to eye with mutual respect and mutual understanding. If that objective is not met, it does not make sense to be part of that."
It remains unclear what the legal rights of Christians are, as there is no interaction between the Christians and the government. Christian sources in Bhutan said they were open to dialogue with the government in order to remove "misunderstandings" and "distrust."
"Thankfully, our political leadership is sincere and trustworthy," said one Christian leader.
Asserting that Christians enjoy the right to worship in Bhutan, Prime Minister Thinley said authorities have not interfered with any worship services.
"There are more Christian activities taking place on a daily basis than Hindu and Buddhist activities," he added.
Posted in Bhutan, Buddhism, China, Christianity, Hinduism, India, Nepal, Switzerland, USA	| Tagged 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, abdicated, absolute, accept, accommodate, activities, affirmed, against, agency, agreeing, allow, allowable, amended, anything, approached, assert, assertions, attempt, attempts, attended, authorities, authority, awaiting, bad, banned, based, basis, became, beds, belief, believe, believed, believes, between, Bhutan, Bible, bookstore, Buddhism, Buddhist, Buddhists, buildings, calling, cannot, capital, cases, caste, celebration, certain, change, Chhoedey Lhentshog, chief, China, choice, Christ, Christian, Christianity, Christians, church, citizens, claim, codes, coercion, collective, commanded, communities, community, compassionate, compelled, competition, concern, concerned, conditions, confined, conscience, constitution, constitutional, construction, conversion, conversions, convert, converted, convertee, country, cultures, daily, decision, defend, definitely, deities, democracy, Democratic, determined, dialogue, different, directly, disapproving, distinctive, distrust, divides, Druk Phuensum Tshogpa, ears, economic, effectively, election, elevator, engage, enjoy, enmity, equally, ethnic, evangelistic, evil, expected, experience, extreme, eye, faith, families, federation, feelings, festivals, first, flawed, focus, followers, following, fool, footing, form, fourth, freedom, freedoms, function, future, geopolitical, good, government, grants, grounds, groups, guarantees, happiness, harmony, hatred, head, healing, help, Himalayas, Hindu, Hinduism, Hindus, Holy Spirit, homes, hope, hospital, human beings, human rights, idols, imprisonment, incentives, included, India, influential, interaction, interfered, international, International Religious Freedom report, intolerance, involves, Jehovah's Witnesses, Jesus, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, Jigmi Yoser Thinley, kind, king, Kingdom of Bhutan, known, language, law, leaders, leadership, leads, legal, life, limits, lived, local, locally, looking, Lyonpo Tshering Togbay, majority, man, manifest, manifestations, material, means, meet, might, military, minority, misunderstandings, moments, monarchy, money, most, motives, mutual, nation, National Security Act, negatively, Nepal, Nepalese, non-Buddhist, Non-Governmental Organizations, NSA, objective, offer, office, open, Operation World, opposition, organizations, part, partially, Particular, party, pastors, pave, people, perceived, perception, Persecution, personally, PM, political, politician, poor, power, practice, practices, prayed, preach, predominantly, premise, prevails, Prime Minister, private, proclaim, proclamation, prohibiting, prohibition, promote, propagation, prosecuted, proselytization, proselytize, protector, provide, provisions, punishable, pursuit, race, raised, read, realities, recognition, recognized, regarded, registered, regulating, religion, religious, Religious Organisations Act, remains, remove, representations, representing, respect, responsibility, restaurant, restrict, restrictions, result, right, royalist, ruling, save, school, schools, scope, security, seek, seeking, sense, sick, sincere, small, social, societies, soul, south, sovereignty, spiritual, spoken, state, statues, studied, subway, Sundays, superior, superiority, support, survive, suspicion, Switzerland, teachings, tenets, thankfully, Thimphu, thinking, thought, threats, tiny, tolerant, top, traditional, trusted, trustworthy, U.S. Department of State, unclear, understanding, unrest, USA, use, values, view, violation, voiced, vulnerability, vulnerable, War, way, weakest, West, whatsoever, whispering, words, work, worship, worshipping, worst, written, wrong, zeal | Leave a comment
Pakistani Officials Back Muslim Land-Grabbers, Christians Say
Senior district authorities accused of supporting desecration of 150 Christian graves.
LAHORE, Pakistan, March 9 (CDN) — Christians in south Punjab Province are accusing senior district officials of supporting local Muslims who allegedly demolished 150 Christian graves and desecrated holy relics – and are now threatening Christians seeking legal redress.
In the Kot Addu area of Muzaffargarh district, Waseem Shakir told Compass by telephone that an influential Muslim group last Nov. 6 took illegal possession of a 1,210-square yard piece of land designated as a Christian cemetery and set up shops on it. Official records state that the portion of land was allotted as a Christian cemetery, he said.
"Local Muslims demolished 150 Christians' graves and desecrated the cross and biblical inscriptions on the graves in a bid to construct shops on the property," said Shakir, a resident of Chak (Village) 518, Peer Jaggi Morr, Kot Addu. "Only five marlas [151.25 square yards] are all that is left for the Christians to bury their dead now."
Shakir said that all Muzaffargarh area authorities, including the local politicians, were supporting the alleged land-grabbers even as Christians feared a mob attack.
"The situation has come to point where even the local police have warned their higher-ups that the tension could provoke a Gojra-type incident," he said, adding that Muslim instigators were now openly trying to intimidate him and Boota Masih, who registered a case with police, into dropping the matter.
In Gojra on Aug. 1, 2009, Muslim hordes acting on an unsubstantiated rumor of blasphemy of the Quran – and whipped into a frenzy by local imams and banned terrorist groups – killed at least seven Christians, looted more than 100 houses and set fire to 50 of them. At least 19 people were injured in the melee.
Shakir said Christians had approached police and the district administration to register a case against the Muslims for desecrating their sacred relics and hurting religious sentiments, but authorities have shown little attention to their grievance. Masih registered the complaint on behalf of area Christians, but the station house officer of the Daira Deen Panah Police, Waseem Leghari, altered it to state that Muslims had only occupied a piece of the cemetery land, Shakir said.
"Leghari registered a case against the Muslims under Section 297 of the Pakistan Penal Code [trespass of a place for the dead], which is a bailable offense, despite the fact that a case under the blasphemy law should have been registered against the Muslims for desecrating the Christian holy relics," Shakir said.
Police took no measures to arrest the 11 named suspects, he added.
"No one seems bothered over the desecration of our cross and biblical inscriptions," Shakir said.
Section 297 of the penal code states, "Whoever, with the intention of wounding the feelings of any person, or of insulting the religion of any person, or with the knowledge that the feelings of any person are likely to be wounded, or that the religion of any person is likely to be insulted thereby, commits any trespass in any place of worship or on any place of sculpture, or any place set apart for the performance of funeral rites or as a depository for the remains of the dead, or offers any indignity to any human corpse or causes disturbance to any persons assembled for the performance of funeral ceremonies, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine, or with both."
Shakir said that, besides the 150 demolished graves, the illegal occupants had thrown garbage on another 50 graves. The police's indifferent attitude towards the Christian community had been hurtful, he said, and Christians had repeatedly taken up the issue with District Police Officer (DPO) Chaudhry Manzoor and District Coordination Officer Tahir Khurshid.
They did not take the issue seriously, Shakir said.
DPO Manzoor rejected the Christians' accusations.
"It's not as serious a case as they are portraying," he told Compass. "The people who have built shops on the land are not illegal occupants but the real owners."
He said Christians were furious because the shopkeepers put some of their belongings on the graves.
"No one has desecrated any Christian holy symbol, book or grave," he said. "Any fears that the issue could lead to another Gojra are baseless."
Manzoor said the matter would be resolved amicably.
Napolean Qayyum, leader of the Minorities Wing of the ruling Pakistan People's Party (PPP), told Compass that open desecration of the Christian symbols and places and the police's alleged support of the culprits showed the prejudice of the Punjab government towards minority groups.
"An application regarding this incident is lying in the Punjab chief minister's secretariat, but it seems the Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz's [PML-N] government in Punjab wants another Gojra-like incident to take place in Kot Addu," he said, adding that it was curious that all major violence against Christians usually takes place when the PML-N is in power in the province.
Qayyum said that he had taken up the matter with the PPP leadership.
"It's a case of blasphemy, and the culprits should have been rounded up under Section 295-A," he said. "I have contacted Farahnaz Ispahani, the political adviser to President Asif Zardari, and she has assured me of the federal government's support in this matter."
He added that stern action against local police and administrative authorities was necessary to set an example for others.
Posted in Christianity, Islam, Pakistan	| Tagged 2009, ;province, accusations, accused, accusing, acting, action, administration, administrative, adviser, allegedly, allotted, altered, amicably, application, approached, arrest, Asif Zardari, assembled, assured, attack, attention, attitude, authorities, back Islam, bailable, banned, baseless, belongings, Biblical, bid, blasphemy, book, Boota Masih, built, bury, case, causes, cemetery, ceremonies, Chak (Village) 518, Chaudhry Manzoor, Chief Minister, Christian, Christianity, Christians, commits, community, construct, corpse, cross, culprits, curious, Daira Deen Panah Police, dead, demolished, depository, desecration, designated, desription, district, District Coordination Officer, District Police Officer, disturbance, DPO, dropping, example, extend, Farahnaz Ispahani, feared, federal, feelings, fine, fire, frenzy, funeral, furious, garbage, Gojra, graves, grievance, group, Holy, hordes, houses, human, hurtful, hurting, illegal, imams, imprisonment, incident, indifferent, indignity, influential, injured, inscriptions, instigators, insulting, intention, intimidate, issue, killed, knowledge, Kot Addu, Lahore, land, land-grabbers, leader, leadership, legal, likely, little, local, looted, lying, major, matter, melee, Minorities Wing, minority, mob, Muslim, muslims, Muzaffargarh, named, Napolean Qayyum, necessary, occupants, occupied, offense, official, officials, open, openly, owners, Pakistan, Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz, Pakistan Penal Code, Pakistan Peoples Party, Pakistani, Peer Jaggi Morr, people, performance, Persecution, person, piece, place, PML-N, police, political, politicians, portion, portraying, possession, power, PPP, prejudice, President, provoke, punished, Punjab Province, Quran, real, records, redress, registered, rejected, relics, religion, religious, remains, resident, resolved, rites, ruling, rumor, sculpture, secretariat, section 295-A, Section 297, seeking, senior, sentiments, serious, seriously, shopkeepers, shops, showed, south, Station House Officer, stern, supporting, suspected, symbol, Tahir Khurshid, telephone, tension, term, terrorist, threatening, thrown, took, trespass, trying, type, unsubstantiated, violence, warned, Waseem Leghari, Waseem Shakir, whipped, worship, wounding | Leave a comment
Orissa, India Christians Still Face Boycott, Forced Conversion
Hindu nationalists continue to oppress Christians in Kandhamal district, report says.
NEW DELHI, November 11 (CDN) — More than two years after losing relatives and property in anti-Christian violence, there is no sense of relief among survivors in India's Orissa state, as many are still ostracized and pressured to "return" to Hinduism, according to a private investigation.
"Despite the state administration's claim of normalcy," the preliminary report of a fact-finding team states, "a state of lawlessness and utter fear and sense of insecurity" prevails among Christians of Kandhamal district, which saw a major anti-Christian bloodbath in 2008.
The team, consisting of local attorney Nicholas Barla and another identified only as Brother Marcus, along with rights activists Jugal Kishore Ranjit and Ajay Kumar Singh, visited four villages in three blocks of Kandhamal on Nov. 5.
In Bodimunda village in Tikabali, the team met a pastor who said he has been closely watched since Hindu extremists forced him to become a Hindu. The pastor, whose name the report withheld for security reasons, said he had to convert to Hinduism in 2008 "to save his old mother, who could not have escaped the violence as she was not in a position to walk."
He is still closely watched in an effort to prevent him from returning to Christianity. While the attorneys and activists were still at the pastor's house, a man who identified himself as from the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS, India's most influential Hindu nationalist conglomerate) came to inquire about his visitors. The pastor felt compelled to tell them that they were "bank officials."
In the same village, Hindu nationalists have also imposed a de facto ban on any private or public vehicle to ferry Christians or their belongings, said the report.
The team met the family of a paralyzed Christian, Bamadev Pradhan, whom auto-rickshaw drivers refused to take to a hospital when he recently ran a high fever. Eventually a Christian driver took him to the only hospital in Tikabali, around eight kilometers (nearly five miles) from his village of Bodimunda, but as the Christian was driving back, some local men confiscated his vehicle.
With the help of the auto-rickshaw union, the driver (unnamed in the report) got the vehicle released after paying a fine of 1,051 (US$24) rupees and promising that he would not transport any Christians in the future.
Another Christian said area Hindus extremists prohibited Christians from procuring basic necessities.
"We are not allowed to bring housing materials or food provisions or medicines, and nor are we allowed to buy anything from local shops," he said. "We do not have any shop of our own. Here, we are struggling to live as human beings."
The team also met a Hindu who had to pay 5,000 rupees (US$112) to get his tractor returned to him, as he had transported housing material for the construction of the house of a Christian.
In the house of a Christian in Keredi village in Phulbani Block, the team found a picture of a Hindu god. The resident, who was not identified in the report, explained that he had to display it in order to protect his family from harm.
The team found pictures of Hindu gods also in the house of a Christian in Gandapadar village in the Minia area, Phiringia Block. A woman in the house told the team that local Hindu nationalists had given her pictures of Hindu gods for worship.
"We have kept them, as they often come to check whether we have reconverted to Christianity," she said.
Almost all Christians the team met complained that the local administration had done little to protect them and suspected that officials colluded with area Hindu nationalists.
Released on Nov. 8, the report asserts that Christians have been barred from taking water from a government well in Dakanaju village, under G. Udayagiri police jurisdiction in Tikabali Block. The village head, Sachindra Pradhan, has promised to take action "at the earliest," it added.
Violence in Kandhamal and some other districts of Orissa state followed the assassination of Hindu nationalist leader Swami Laxmanananda Saraswati on Aug. 23, 2008. The rampage killed over 100 people and burned 4,640 houses, 252 churches and 13 educational institutions, according to estimates by human rights groups.
The spate of attacks began a day after Saraswati's killing when Hindu nationalist groups blamed Christians for his murder, although Maoists (extreme Marxists) active in the district claimed responsibility for it.
John Dayal, a Christian activist in Delhi, told Compass that "the apparatus of 2008 remains undisturbed." The Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) was part of the ruling state alliance with the regional Biju Janata Dal (BJD) party at the time of the violence. Although the BJD broke up with the BJP in 2009, blaming it for the violence, the former cannot be excused, said Dayal.
"While the BJP is mainly to be blamed, Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik is not entirely innocent," Dayal said. "Not just that he allowed the BJP and RSS cadres to run amok when they were part of his government, turning a blind eye to their very visible anti-Christian activities, but he was his own home [interior] minister and cannot really shirk command responsibility for the carnage together with his BJP ministerial colleagues and senior officers."
Kandhamal district Magistrate Krishan Kumar, who was on a tour at press time, could not be contacted for comment despite repeated attempts.
Of the 648,201 people in Kandhamal district, 117,950 are Christian, mostly Dalit (formerly "untouchables" in the caste hierarchy in Hindu societies), according to the 2001 Census. Hindus, mainly tribal people and numbering 527,757, form the majority.
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New Threats, Old Enmity Pummel Nepal's Christians
Armed group that forced over 1,500 government officials to quit now threatens pastors.
KATHMANDU, Nepal, September 16 (CDN) — A year after police busted an underground militant Hindu organization that had bombed a church and two mosques, Nepal's Christians are facing new threats.
An underground group that speaks with bombs and has coerced hundreds of government officials into quitting their jobs is threatening Christian clergy with violence if they do not give in to extortion demands, Christian leader said.
The Nepal Christian Society (NCS), an umbrella group of denominations, churches and organizations, met in the Kathmandu Valley yesterday (Sept. 15) to discuss dangers amid reports of pastors receiving phone calls and letters from the Unified National Liberation Front (Samyukta Jatiya Mukti Morcha), an armed group demanding money and making threats. The group has threatened Christian leaders in eastern and western Nepal, as well as in the Kathmandu Valley.
"The pastors who received the extortion calls do not want to go public for fear of retaliation," said Lok Mani Dhakal, general secretary of the NCS. "We decided to wait and watch a little longer before approaching police."
The Front is among nearly three dozen armed groups that mushroomed after the fall of the military-backed government of the former king of Nepal, Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah, in 2006. It became a household name in July after 34 senior government officials – designated secretaries of village development committees – resigned en masse, pleading lack of security following threats by the Front.
Ironically, the resignations occurred in Rolpa, a district in western Nepal regarded as the cradle of the communist uprising in 1996 that led to Nepal becoming a secular federal republic after 10 years of civil war.
Nearly 1,500 government officials from 27 districts have resigned after receiving threats from the Front. Despite its apparent clout, it remains a shadowy body with little public knowledge about its leaders and objectives. Though initially active in southern Nepal, the group struck in the capital city of Kathmandu on Saturday (Sept. 11), bombing a carpet factory.
The emergence of the new underground threat comes a year after police arrested Ram Prasad Mainali, whose Nepal Defense Army had planted a bomb in a church in Kathmandu, killing three women during a Roman Catholic mass.
Christians' relief at Mainali's arrest was short-lived. Besides facing threats from a new group, the community has endured longstanding animosity from the years when Nepal was a Hindu state; the anti-Christian sentiment refuses to die four years after Parliament declared the nation secular.
When conversions were a punishable offense in Nepal 13 years ago, Ishwor Pudasaini had to leave his home in Giling village, Nuwakot district, because he became a Christian. Pudasaini, now a pastor in a Protestant church, said he still cannot return to his village because of persecution that has increased with time.
"We are mentally tortured," the 32-year-old pastor told Compass. "My mother is old and refuses to leave the village, so I have to visit her from time to time to see if she is all right. Also, we have some arable land, and during monsoon season it is imperative that I farm it. But I go in dread."
Pudasaini, who pastors Assembly of God Church, said that when he runs into his neighbors, they revile him and make threatening gestures. His family is not allowed to enter any public place, and he is afraid to spend nights in his old home for fear of being attacked. A new attack occurred in a recent monsoon, when villagers disconnected the family's water pipes.
"Things reached such a head this time that I was forced to go to the media and make my plight public," he says.
Pudasaini, his wife Laxmi and their two children have been living in the district headquarters, Bidur town. His brother Ram Prasad, 29, was thrown out of a local village's reforms committee for becoming a Christian. Another relative in the same village, Bharat Pudasaini, lost his job and was forced to migrate to a different district.
"Bharat Pudasaini was a worker at Mulpani Primary School," says Pudasaini. "The school sacked him for embracing Christianity, and the villagers forced his family to leave the village. Even four years after Nepal became officially secular, he is not allowed to return to his village and sell his house and land, which he wants to, desperately. He has four children to look after, and the displacement is virtually driving the family to starvation."
Since Bidur, where the administrative machinery is concentrated, is safe from attacks, Pudasani said it is becoming a center for displaced Christians.
"There are dozens of persecuted Christians seeking shelter here," he said.
One such displaced person was Kamla Kunwar, a woman in her 30s whose faith prompted her husband to severely beat her and throw her out of their home in Dhading district in central Nepal. She would eventually move in with relatives in Nuwakot.
Pudasaini said he chose not to complain of his mistreatment, either to the district administration or to police, because he does not want to encourage enmity in the village.
"My religion teaches me to turn the other cheek and love my enemies," he said. "I would like to make the village come to Christ. For that I have to be patient."
Dozens of villages scattered throughout Nepal remain inimical to Christians. In May, five Christians, including two women, were brutally attacked in Chanauta, a remote village in Kapilavastu district where the majority are ethnic Tharus.
Once an affluent people, the Tharus were displaced by migrating hordes from the hills of Nepal, as well as from India across the border, and forced into slavery. Today, they are considered to be "untouchables" despite an official ban on that customary practice of abuse and discrimination. In the villages, Tharus are not allowed to enter temples or draw water from the sources used by other villagers.
Tharus, like other disadvantaged communities, have been turning to Christianity. Recently five Tharu Christians, including a pastor and two evangelists, were asked to help construct a Hindu temple. Though they did, the five refused to eat the meat of a goat that villagers sacrificed before idols at the new temple.
Because of their refusal, the temple crowd beat them. Two women – Prema Chaudhary, 34, and Mahima Chaudhary, 22 – were as badly thrashed as Pastor Simon Chaudhari, 30, and two evangelists, Samuel Chaudhari, 19, and Prem Chaudhari, 22.
In June, a mob attacked Sher Bahadur Pun, a 68-year-old Nepali who had served with the Indian Army, and his son, Akka Bahadur, at their church service in Myagdi district in western Nepal. Pun suffered two fractured ribs.
The attack occurred after the Hindu-majority village decided to build a temple. All villagers were ordered to donate 7,000 rupees (US$93), a princely sum in Nepal's villages, and the Christians were not spared. While the Puns paid up, they refused to worship in the temple. Retaliation was swift.
The vulnerability of Christians has escalated following an administrative vacuum that has seen violence and crime soar. Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal, who had been instrumental in the church bombers' arrest, resigned in June due to pressure by the opposition Maoist party. Since then, though there have been seven rounds of elections in Parliament to choose a new premier, none of the two contenders has been able to win the minimum votes required thanks to bitter infighting between the major parties.
An eighth round of elections is scheduled for Sept. 26, and if that too fails, Nepal will have lost four of the 12 months given to the 601-member Parliament to write a new constitution.
"It is shameful," said Believers Church Bishop Narayan Sharma. "It shows that Nepal is on the way to becoming a failed state. There is acute pessimism that the warring parties will not be able to draft a new constitution [that would consolidate secularism] by May 2011."
Sharma said there is also concern about a reshuffle in the largest ruling party, the Nepali Congress (NC), set to elect new officers at its general convention starting Friday (Sept. 17). Some former NC ministers and members of Parliament have been lobbying for the restoration of a Hindu state in Nepal; their election would be a setback for secularism.
"We have been holding prayers for the country," Sharma said. "It is a grim scene today. There is an economic crisis, and Nepal's youths are fleeing abroad. Women job-seekers abroad are increasingly being molested and tortured. Even the Maoists, who fought for secularism, are now considering creating a cultural king. We are praying that the political deadlock will be resolved, and that peace and stability return to Nepal."
Posted in Assemblies of God, Christianity, Communism, Hinduism, India, Islam, Nepal, Nepal Defense Army, Roman Catholicism	| Tagged 1996, 2006, 2011, able, abroad, abuse, across, active, acute, administrative, affluent, Akka Bahadur, allowed, animosity, anti-Christian, apparent, approaching, arable, armed, arrest, arrested, asked, Assembly of God, attack, attacked, badly, ban, beat, becoming, before, Believers Church, Bharat Pudasaini, Bidur, bishop, bitter, body, bombed, bombing, bombs, border, brother, brutally, busted, calls, cannot, Capital City, carpet, center, central, Chanauta, children, choose, chose, Christ, Christian, Christianity, Christians, church, churches, Civil War, clergy, clout, coerced, committee, committees, Communism, communist, communists, communities, community, complain, concentrated, concern, considered, considering, consolidate, constitution, construct, contenders, convention, conversions, country, cradle, creating, crime, crisis, crowd, cultural, customary, dangers, deadlock, decided, declared, demanding, demands, denominations, designated, development, Dhading, die, different, disadvantaged, disconnected, Discrimination, discuss, displaced, displacement, district, draft, draw, dread, driving, eastern, eat, economic, elect, elections, embracing, emergence, en masse, encourage, endured, enemies, enmity, enter, escalated, ethnic, evangelists, extortion, facing, factory, failed, fails, faith, fall, family, farm, fear, federal, fleeing, following, forced, former, fought, fractured, front, general, General Secretary, gestures, Giling, goat, government, grim, group, Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah, headquarters, help, hills, Hindu, Hinduism, Hindus, holding, home, hordes, house, household, husband, idols, imperative, increased, increasingly, India, Indian Army, infighting, inimical, instrumental, Ishwor Pudasaini, Islam, job-seekers, jobs, Kamla Kunwar, Kapilavastu, Kathmandu, Kathmandu Valley, killing, king, knowledge, lack, land, largest, Laxmi, leader, leaders, leave, led, letters, little, living, lobbying, Lok Mani Dhakal, longer, longstanding, lost, love, machinery, Madhav Kumar Nepal, Mahima Chaudhary, major, majority, making, Maoist, mass, meat, media, members, mentally, met, migrate, migrating, militant, military-backed, minimum, ministers, mistreatment, mob, molested, money, monsoon, mosques, mother, move, Mulpani Primary School, mushroomed, Muslim, muslims, Myagdi, name, Narayan Sharma, nation, NC, NCS, neighbors, Nepal, Nepal Christian Society, Nepalese Defense Army, Nepali, Nepali Congress, new, Nuwakot, objectives, occured, offense, officers, officials, old, opposition, organization, organizations, out, paid, Parliament, parties, party, pastors, patient, peace, Persecution, person, pessimism, phone calls, pipes, planted, pleading, plight, police, political, practice, prayers, praying, Prem Chaudhari, Prema Chaudhary, premier, Prime Minister, prompted, Protestant, public, pummel, punishable, quit, quitting, Ram Prasad, Ram Prasad Mainali, receiving, reforms, refusal, refuses, regarded, relative, relief, religion, remains, remote, reports, Republic, required, reshuffle, resignations, resigned, resolved, restoration, retaliation, return, revile, ribs, Rolpa, Roman Catholic, Roman Catholicism, Roman Catholics, ruling, sacked, sacrificed, safe, Samuel Chaudhari, Samyukta Jatiya Mukti Morcha, scattered, scene, schedules, school, season, secretaries, secular, secularism, seeking, sell, senior, sentiment, served, setback, severely, shadowy, shameful, shelter, Sher Bahadur Pun, short-lived, shows, Simon Chaudhari, slavery, soar, son, sources, southern, spared, speaks, stability, starvation, state, struck, suffered, swift, teaches, temple, temples, Tharus, thrashed, threatens, threats, thrown, time, tortured, town, turn the other cheek, turning, umbrella, underground, Unified National Liberation Front, untouchables, uprising, vacuum, village, villagers, violence, virtually, visit, votes, vulnerability, wait, warring, watch, water, way, western, wife, win, woman, women, worker, youths | Leave a comment
Indonesian Church Leaders Wounded in Attack
Elder remains in critical condition after being stabbed in heart, stomach.
JAKARTA, Indonesia, September 15 (CDN) — An elder of a West Java church that Muslim groups attacked last month remains in critical condition after a motorcyclist stabbed him in the heart and stomach on his way to a service on Sunday (Sept. 12), according to Theophilus Bela, president of the Jakarta Christian Communication Forum.
Hasian Sihombing of Batak Christian Protestant Church (Huria Kristen Batak Protestan, or HKBP) sustained a wound to his heart of three centimeters. Also injured in the attack was the Rev. Luspida Simanjuntak, struck with a wooden block on her back, head and face by another motorcyclist when she tried to help Sihombing.
Simanjuntak, who suffered dizziness after the attack, was still weak and receiving hospital treatment along with Sihombing at Mitra Keluarga Hospital Bekasi Timur, Bela stated in an e-mail advisory today.
A member of the HKBP congregation, Ratna Gurning, told Compass that she was with Sihombing as he and other church members walked to the service in the Ciketing area of Bekasi, where the church has been meeting in an open field after officials in June sealed a house they had used for worship in the Pondok Timur housing complex in Jejalen Jaya sub-district, Bekasi.
"About 500 meters from church, they saw some [16] motorcyclists on eight motorcycles were following them," Gurning said. "Suddenly, our church elder, Hasian, was stabbed in his stomach."
Sihombing was bleeding profusely, Gurning said, and Pastor Simanjuntak came to help him.
"Rev. Luspida was beaten from behind with a wooden beam, which struck her head, face, and back," Gurning said.
Gurning said that Pastor Simanjuntak recognized the assailants as having "come to a religious service of HKBP's community" to protest.
On Aug. 8 at least 300 members of the Islamic People's Forum and the Islamic Defenders Front broke through a police barricade and ordered 20 members of the HKBP church meeting in Ciketing to leave, according to Bela. When the church members refused, the protestors assaulted the group with sticks, stones or their bare hands. Some required hospital treatment.
The previous Sunday, Aug. 1, around 300 Muslim protestors and 300 police officers surrounded members of the HKBP as they worshiped in the open field, and one protestor hit Pastor Simanjuntak on the cheek.
The 1,500-strong congregation has been waiting for local officials to respond to a building permit application filed in 2006. When Muslim neighbors in December 2009 objected to the meetings in a housing complex on the grounds that the church had no permit, officials banned church members from meeting there.
With its building permit application delayed, the church ignored the ban, leading officials to seal the building on June 20. Bekasi Mayor Mochtar Mohammad on July 9 reportedly said he would allow the congregation to meet in public areas or at the city hall, and Pastor Simanjuntak moved worship to the proposed building site. Her church has now filed a case against the Bekasi administration.
Member of Parliament Sukur Nababan told Compass that police must apprehend the assailants in Sunday's attack quickly. He refuted a comment by Jakarta and Bekasi police officials who said that the incident was not religiously motivated.
"This is not purely criminal," Nababan said. "This incident was premeditated. Freedom of religious is the responsibility of the government."
Nababan called on the Bekasi officials to grant a permit to the church for its Christian activities in accordance with the constitutional rights of all Indonesians.
The coordinator of HKBP church's legal team, Saor Siagian, agreed that the police leaders' views that the attack was not religiously motivated were erroneous.
"The stabbing of Hasian was not purely a criminal act," Siagian told Compass. "This incident was pre-planned, and it was terrorism against religious rights."
On the day of the attack, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono reportedly asked Djoko Suyanto, minister of political, legal and security affairs, to work with the head of Indonesian Police Jendral Bambang Hendarso Danuri to arrest the assailants.
The chairman of the Communion of Churches in Indonesia, the Rev. Andreas Yewangoe, asked police to thoroughly investigate, stop allowing violence and guarantee security for the congregation.
"We also ask all Christians to remain steadfast in the face of this calamity and not be provoked," he said.
A demonstration in front of National Police Headquarters in Jakarta is scheduled for Thursday (Sept. 16) at 2:30 p.m. to urge police to seriously investigate the attack.
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John the Baptist Found: Allegedly in Bulgaria
The hunt for relics continues with the discovery of bones allegedly belonging to John the Baptist being found on Sveti Ivan Island in Bulgaria. The remains were found in a 5th century monastery in a stone urn. These remains now join a long list of other remains said to belong to John the Baptist that are located around Europe and Northern Africa.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/bulgaria/7926657/St-John-the-Baptists-bones-found-in-Bulgarian-monastery.html
Posted in Archaeology, Bible, Bulgaria, John the Baptist	| Tagged 5th, Africa, allegedly, belonging, bones, Bulgaria, century, continues, discovery, Europe, found, hunt, John the Baptist, join, list, located, long, monastery, northern, relics, remains, stone, Sveti Ivan Island, urn | Leave a comment
Church of England moves towards ordaining women
Posted on May 23, 2010 by particularkev
Over the weekend, the Church of England introduced draft legislation putting the country's Anglican communion on the fast track to allowing women's ordination, reports Catholic News Agency.
On Saturday, May 8, the Church of England's revision committee published a 142-page review in favor of draft proposals that support women being consecrated as bishops and priests.
According to Reuters, the church's revision committee also proposed safeguards for more traditional parishes who have expressed opposition to ordaining women, including the right to request that a male bishop perform blessings and ordinations. However, the committee proposals did not meet the requests by these parishes for new dioceses or a special class of bishops.
"After much discussion the Committee rejected proposals aimed at fundamentally changing the approach of the legislation for those unable to receive the ministry of female bishops," wrote Church of England officials in a statement Monday.
The draft proposals will now go forward for debate at the Church's General Synod, in July in York, Northern England. If passed, the Church of England will hold the same position on female ordination as the Anglican Communion in the United States and New Zealand.
Monday's statement also clarified that the "earliest that the legislation could achieve final approval in Synod (when two-thirds majorities in each of the Houses of Bishops, Clergy and Laity will be required) is 2012, following which parliamentary approval and the Royal Assent would be needed."
The statement added that "2014 remains the earliest realistic date when the first women might be consecrated as bishops."
This move is likely to increase interest among traditionalist Anglicans in the Pope's recent invitation for Church of England members to become Catholic. Last November, the Holy Father released "Anglicanorum coetibus," a motu propio which offered Vatican guidelines for Anglican groups to enter into communion with the Catholic Church.
The Sunday Telegraph in Britain reported on May 2 that several Anglican bishops recently met with Vatican officials to discuss the process of converting to Catholicism.
Despite the Archbishop of Canterbury Rowan Williams reportedly urging them not to leave the Church of England, several bishops are looking to break from the Anglican Communion over their opposition to the introduction of women bishops and priests.
According to the British paper, Bishops John Broadhurst, Keith Newton and Andrew Burnham, from the Dioceses of Fulham, Richborough and Ebbsfleet respectively, all met with senior Vatican officials last week.
Posted in Anglicans, Church of England, New Zealand, Pastoral Ministry, Roman Catholicism, The Church, Theology, United Kingdom, USA	| Tagged 2012, 2014, achieve, aimed, allowing, Andrew Burnham, Anglican, Anglicanorum coetibus, Anglicans, approach, approval, Archbishop of Canterbury, become, bishops, blessings, break, Britain, British, changing, church, Church of England, clarified, class, clergy, committee, communion, consecrated, converting, country, date, debate, diocese, dioceses, discuss, discussion, draft, earliest, Ebbsfleet, England, enter, expressed, fast, Father, favor, female, Final, first, following, Fulham, fundamentally, General Synod, groups, guidelines, Holy, House of Bishops, including, increase, interest, introduced, introduction, invitation, John Broadhurst, Keith Newton, laity, leave, legislation, looking, majorities, male, meet, members, met, ministry, motu propio, needed, new, New Zealand, northern, offered, officials, opposition, ordaining, ordination, ordinations, paper, parishes, parliamentary, passed, perform, Pope, position, priests, process, proposals, proposed, published, realistic, receive, recent, rejected, released, remains, reported, request, required, review, revision, Richborough, right, Roman Catholic, Roman Catholicism, Rowan Williams, Royal Assent, safeguards, senior, special, Sunday Telegraph, support, synod, track, traditional, traditionalist, unable, urging, USA, Vatican, women, York | Leave a comment
Christian Girls Kidnapped in Yemen Are Rescued
Parents, other abducted Christians remain missing.
ISTANBUL, May 18 (CDN) — Saudi Arabian and Yemeni security forces rescued two German girls yesterday, 11 months after the two young sisters, their parents, brother and four other Christians were taken hostage in Yemen.
Reported to be between 3 and 6 years old, the two girls, Lydia Hentschel and her younger sister Anna Hentschel, were part of a group of nine Christian foreigners who were kidnapped on June 12 last year. Three of the adult hostages, a Korean and two German women, were murdered shortly afterwards.
The foreigners worked in a hospital near the city of Saada. No group has claimed responsibility for the kidnapping. Although the German family, a British man, and the three murdered women were Christians, it was not clear if they were kidnapped because of their faith.
There was no indication as to the whereabouts of the girls' parents, Johannes and Sabine Hentschel, the girls' 2-year-old brother Simon, and the Briton, identified only as Anthony.
The two girls were found in a disputed border region between Yemen and Saudi Arabia during Saudi cross-border raids in the northern region of Saada, according to Reuters. Saudi and Yemeni security forces collaborated in the operation to free the sisters.
Over the last year violent clashes have flared between Yemeni government forces and the Houthi armed group in Saada. The fighting has reportedly hindered efforts to locate the missing foreigners.
Reuters quoted the German foreign minister as saying the two young sisters were in "relatively good health" and would be transported from Saudi Arabia to Germany on Wednesday (May 19). Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelle said he remained concerned about the safety of the rest of the German family.
Westerwelle told Reuters that learning the whereabouts of the remaining hostages remains a high priority, with efforts "continuing undiminished" and hopes still alive.
Today CNN reported that a spokesman for the German family said it was likely that the youngest sibling, Simon, was dead, since he was not found along with the two sisters.
In the last 15 years nearly 200 foreign nationals have been kidnapped in Yemen, and most have been released unharmed, Reuters reported.
Posted in Christianity, Germany, Islam, Saudi Arabia, Yemen	| Tagged abducted, adult, alive, Anna Hentschel, Anthony, armed, between, border, British, Briton, brother, Christian, Christianity, Christians, city, claimed, clashes, CNN, collaborated, concerned, continuing, cross-border, dead, disputed, efforts, faith, family, fighting, flared, forces, foreign minister, foreigners, found, free, German, Germany, girls, good, government, group, Guido Westerwelle, health, high, hindered, hopes, hospital, hostage, Houthi, identified, indication, Islam, Johannes Hentschel, Kidnapped, kidnapping, Korean, learning, locate, Lydia Hentschel, man, missing, murdered, Muslim, muslims, nationals, northern, operation, parents, part, Persecution, priority, quoted, raids, region, relatively, released, remain, remained, remaining, remains, reported, rescued, responsibility, Reuters, Saada, Sabine Hentschel, safety, Saudi, Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabian, saying, security, sibling, Simon Hentschel, Sister, sisters, spokesman, taken, transported, undiminished, unharmed, violent, whereabouts, women, worked, Yemen, Yemeni, young, younger, youngest | 1 Comment


text:
WhatsApp adds shopping catalog feature, courting e-commerce
Facebook on Thursday launched a catalog feature for its WhatsApp messaging app, it said in a blog post, building out the service's e-commerce tools as it moves slowly toward monetizing the app it bought in 2014 for $19 billion.
Facebook has been trying to boost revenue from higher-growth units like Instagram and Whatsapp, which has 1.5 billion users. The company's flagship News Feed product continues to draw big ad dollars, but is struggling to generate new users.
The move comes after Facebook added a shopping feature to Instagram in March that lets users click a "checkout" option on items tagged for sale and pay for them directly within the app.
The new WhatsApp tool stops short of that, as transactions still occur elsewhere. But small businesses, the main users of the free WhatsApp Business app, can now display a "mobile storefront" showcasing their wares with images and prices.
"We're opening commerce as a new chapter," Amrit Pal, a product manager at WhatsApp, told Reuters. "We hear from businesses every day that WhatsApp is where they meet their customers, rather than sending them to a website."
Chief Executive Officer Mark Zuckerberg has announced plans to shift the company's focus to private chats, adding bots and augmented reality tools in recent years to encourage businesses to communicate with consumers on its messaging services.
Facebook said last year that it would start charging businesses for sending marketing and customer service messages on WhatsApp at a fixed rate for confirmed delivery, ranging from 0.5 cents to 9 cents per message depending on the country.
More than 100 businesses are now using that paid product, according to a WhatsApp spokesman, while around 5 million use the free WhatsApp Business service. Facebook has not disclosed revenue from its business messaging efforts.
WhatsApp's catalog feature is available for users in Brazil, Germany, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Britain and the United States and will be rolled out around the world in the next few weeks, said the spokesman.
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Shameel Khan F/W Royal Wedding Collection Volume 2


You can see and hear it now. You're walking down the aisle as harmonious sounds pour out of the violin, cello, and viola. Or maybe you'd prefer a trio of just violins, or possibly a combo of a flute, oboe, and viola. Well no matter the size of the group or the selection of instruments, you can find the perfect classical ensemble for your event right here! Strings, woodwinds, and brass instruments all paired together in duos, trios, quartets to create beautiful music for your listening pleasure. Find and book the perfect classical ensemble for your event. Search for Classical Ensembles in Ludlow, Massachusetts above.
Please note that these Classical Ensembles may also travel to Indian Orchard, Wilbraham, Three Rivers, Granby, Bondsville, Thorndike, Palmer, East Longmeadow, Belchertown, Hampden, Monson, Somers, Ware, Feeding Hills, Somersville, Southampton, Enfield, West Warren, Hadley, Warren, Brimfield, Suffield, Pelham, Wales, Florence, Stafford, West Hatfield, Hatfield, Staffordville, and North Amherst.


text:
Norway's Jottacloud offers data sheltered from US snooping
NSA snooping and the Patriot Act have raised thoughts about storing cloud data with non-American companies and outside the USA. Norway's Jottacloud is pitching for that business…
By Jack Schofield for Jack's Blog | June 17, 2013 -- 13:23 GMT (06:23 PDT) | Topic: Cloud
Recent revelations about snooping by America's National Security Agency added to long-running concerns about the use of the Patriot Act have led many companies and individuals to think about switching away from US-based cloud providers such as Amazon, Dropbox, Google and Microsoft. Norway's Jottacloud is trying to attract some of this business by offering a Privacy Guarantee for its cloud service.
In a blog post, it says: "Jottacloud is a Norwegian company with Norwegian owners, and we operate under Norwegian privacy laws. We store all your files in Norway. As a result, our users are protected against US legislation, which arguably infringe the freedom and liberties of both US and non-US citizens."
Jottacloud's Privacy Guarantee
How useful this is remains open to discussion.
First, data is not guaranteed to be secure unless it's encrypted, preferably before it is uploaded. This protects you from random snooping, but your data is still vulnerable if your local government can force you to reveal the keys.
Second, data traffic to Norway usually goes via other countries, perhaps Sweden or the UK. Data can still be accessed in transit, and if it's encrypted, the NSA may still have access to valuable metadata.
Third, nobody should assume that security organizations such as the NSA, CIA and KGB will act lawfully. It would be more realistic to assume that, if they want your data badly enough, they will do whatever it takes to get it.
Jottacloud offers 5GB of free storage, and unlimited storage for $6 per device per month. It currently has about 220,000 users, so it isn't a threat to US giants, but other services can be expected to try the same approach.
In so far as Jottacloud raises the bar -- makes life harder for snoopers and state-sponsored hackers -- then it should increase data privacy. However, it may also make it somewhat more difficult for users to access their own data. It remains to be seen whether Jottacloud and similar companies can maintain the same quality of service as American rivals such as Amazon, Dropbox, Google and Microsoft.
Either way, the geographical location of databases is definitely on the agenda. This may also prompt more companies -- not just enterprises -- to run their own in-house clouds.
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text:
Accessory Dwelling Units May Have Higher Values when Using Income Approach: The Appraisal Journal
CHICAGO (Nov. 20, 2012) – Residential properties with accessory dwelling units — such as in-law apartments or coach houses — may have higher value potential if the properties are valued for investment income using the income capitalization approach, according to an article published this week in The Appraisal Journal.
"Understanding and Appraising Properties with Accessory Dwelling Units," by Martin John Brown and Taylor Watkins, examines how to value properties with permitted ADUs — a concept that has been widely misunderstood by real estate professionals despite being promoted by some cities. In the article, the authors acknowledge that, in addition to providing social and environmental benefits, ADUs have legitimate income potential, and, when income is the basis for valuation, perceptions of the value of these properties can vary.
In the study, the authors test an income-based approach to valuing properties with ADUs. For 14 properties with ADUs in Portland, Ore., an income capitalization approach produced valuations that were significantly higher than actual sale prices, by 7.2 percent or 9.8 percent on average, depending on the formula used. ADUs also contributed on average 25 percent or 34 percent of each property's appraised value, depending on the formula used.
The study shows that appraisers requiring an alternative or counterpoint to the sales comparison approach for properties featuring ADUs can gain insight through the income approach, which may help them develop more credible and consistent valuations for this emerging form of development.
However, the authors emphasize that when an institution such as Freddie Mac forbids the income approach as the primary method of valuation, the income method can still play a role in the reconciliation phase, lending weight to any final opinion of value developed via the sales comparison or cost approaches.
Read Understanding and Appraising Properties with Accessory Dwelling Units in the Fall 2012 issue of The Appraisal Journal.
"An Alternative Sales Analysis Approach for Vacant Land Valuation," by D. Richard Wincott, MAI, shows a new appraisal approach that adjusts comparable sales by mirroring the price-quality decisions of buyers.
"The Effects of Mineral Interests on Land Appraisals in Shale Gas Regions," by Joseph B. Lipscomb, Ph.D., MAI, and J.R. Kimball, MAI, discusses mineral interests and the issues that appraisers must consider in regions affected by shale gas formations, including the dominance of the mineral estate.
"Haunted Flats: Quantifying the Value of Stigmatization in an Apartment Market," by K.F. Man and Vincent Wong, looks at the ways superstition may affect how people conduct economic activities. The authors find that sale prices for residences where an unnatural death has occurred are 7.5 percent lower than other apartments' prices.
The Appraisal Institute is a global membership association of professional real estate appraisers, with nearly 23,000 members in nearly 60 countries throughout the world. Its mission is to advance professionalism and ethics, global standards, methodologies, and practices through the professional development of property economics worldwide. Organized in 1932, the Appraisal Institute advocates equal opportunity and nondiscrimination in the appraisal profession and conducts its activities in accordance with applicable federal, state and local laws. Members of the Appraisal Institute benefit from an array of professional education and advocacy programs, and may hold the prestigious MAI, SRPA and SRA designations. Learn more at www.appraisalinstitute.org.


text:
Q: SessionFactory is null - Spring + HB8 i try to build WebApplication with Spring and HB8, but have a NullPointerException when get SessionFactory in my GenericDao class.
I start now to use Spring, probably is a basic error, so Can you help me?
thanks in advance

*

*Spring 4.3.4

*Hibernate 5.1

GenericDao.java
@Repository
public class GenericDao {

@Autowired
public SessionFactory sessionFactory;

public GenericDao() {
    super();
}

public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
    return sessionFactory;
}

public Session getSession() {
    return getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession();
}

public void persist(Object entity) {
    getSession().persist(entity);
}

public void delete(Object entity) {
    getSession().delete(entity);
}

public void save(Object entity) {
    getSession().save(entity);
}

public void update(Object entity) {
    getSession().update(entity);
}
}

Spring.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

<context:annotation-config />

<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:application.properties" />

<mvc:annotation-driven />

<bean id="dataSource"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloudsb" />
    <property name="username" value="root" />
    <property name="password" value="" />
</bean>

<bean id="sessionFactory"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
        <props>
            <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
    <property name="packagesToScan" value="it.cloudsb.base.dao" />
</bean>

<bean id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<bean id="handlerMapping"
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping">
    <property name="alwaysUseFullPath" value="true"></property>
</bean>

<bean id="cloudsbHpService" class="it.cloudsb.base.service.CloudsbHpService"></bean>

<bean id="hpDao" class="it.cloudsb.base.dao.CloudsbHpDao"></bean>

stack-error:
feb 14, 2017 4:58:05 PM        org.hibernate.annotations.common.reflection.java.JavaReflectionManager <clinit>
INFO: HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.0.1.Final}
feb 14, 2017 4:58:05 PM org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect <init>
INFO: HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
feb 14, 2017 4:58:06 PM it.cloudsb.base.dao.CloudsbHpDao <init>
java.lang.NullPointerException
at it.cloudsb.base.dao.GenericDao.getSession(GenericDao.java:31)
at it.cloudsb.base.dao.CloudsbHpDao.<init>(CloudsbHpDao.java:31)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:525)
at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:142)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:89)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1102)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1054)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:512)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:207)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1131)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1059)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:589)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:370)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1219)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:551)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:754)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:866)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:542)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:668)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:634)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:682)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:553)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:494)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:136)
at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1238)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1151)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:1038)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:4996)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5285)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1408)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1398)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
BBC Work
Non-Broadcast
Leonardo: Master of Ceremonies
Charles Nicholl, Leonardo's biographer, reveals a lesser known, but equally astonishing aspect of his work in Milan: his splendid pageants; operettas, masques and parades which he designed and directed as Master of Ceremonies.
Charles is fascinated by these transient masterpieces, which are equally important to the development of Leonardo's work and which the artist carefully describes in his own writing. There are also vivid eye witness accounts. Charles re-imagines three of the most brilliant in their original settings, with Leonardo present at the Castello Sforzesco in Milan.
Produced by Kate Bland
Broadcast: October 2011
We pride ourselves on our versatility - making, on the one hand, thoughtful and well-researched documentaries that go to the heart of the news and current affairs agenda and, on the other, highly accessible programmes about the visual arts, architecture, music and popular culture.
We have a reputation for innovative production, working creatively to engage the listener with ambitious formats, unusual scenarios, sound design and engineering. We have won five Sony Gold awards, together with several other awards and our programmes consistently attract excellent reviews. Just Radio's "ideas for features are always so original, and it's great to have this quality of production." (Kate Chisholm, The Spectator)
Just Radio | 3rd Floor, 201 Upper Street | Islington | N1 1RQ
info@justradio.ltd.uk


text:
Ada Iddings Gale (February 24, 1854 - February 25, 1915) was an author and educator.

Early life
Ada Iddings Gale was born on February 24, 1854, in Dayton, Ohio, the daughter of Joseph Talbert Iddings (1829-1891) and Martha Ann Johnston (1829-1899). She descended from a long line of Quaker ancestry. After ministering in Ohio, Indiana and Michigan, Rev. Iddings retired at Albion, Michigan.

She attended Albion College, graduate Class of 1874. In her early childhood her literary inclining was apparent and received careful fostering from her father, Rev. Joseph Iddings, who was also largely her teacher.

She was a student of English history and literature.

Career
She was a dramatic reader and a teacher of dramatic art. Her daughter Winifred became a dramatic reader as well and toured with the Mozart Quartette.

She was the reader and instructor of the E.L.T. Club of Albion. The club was established in 1893. In 1899 Mary Sheldon Ismon donated the club house, that was shared with the Leisure Hour Club.

She lectured on the "Attributes of Beauty " and published two books, one a volume of verse, "A Little English Portfolio", the other, "Zenobia", a 17th-century romance.

She was a vice-president of the Michigan Woman's Press Association.

Personal life
She lived at Albion, Michigan, and had three children: Lieutenant Alfred Harvey Gale, 4th Field Artillery, U.S. Army; Mrs. Leroy Anderson of Prescott, Arizona; and Winifred Lee Gayle of Fort Sam Houston, Texas. She divorced her first husband, Alpheus Smith Gale, 1898. She remarried Maj Henry D. Thomason (1858–1936), a doctor who served during the Spanish–American War and in the army medical corps in Cuba and in the Philippines and then worked as surgeon on several ocean steamships.

She died on February 25, 1915, in Fort Sam Houston, and is buried with her husband at Riverside Cemetery, Albion, Michigan.

References

External links

1854 births
1915 deaths
People from Dayton, Ohio
American women writers
Albion College alumni
Wikipedia articles incorporating text from A Woman of the Century

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia