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Additive manufacturing (AM) is one use case for 3D printing technology. The other primary use case is rapid prototyping. Both use cases refer to the processes of synthesizing a three-dimensional object from successive layers of material. These objects can be of almost any shape or geometry and are produced from a 3D model or other data source.Additive manufacturing is currently much less common than rapid prototyping due to the higher standards for quality and cost competitiveness. It is relatively expensive and time consumptive to produce a prototype using traditional manufacturing technologies. 3D printers can dramatically cut both the cost and time in many cases. And the quality of a prototype can generally be below that of a finished product. In contrast, traditional manufacturing technology is excellent at mass producing finished products. For this reason, additive manufacturing is currently used primarily to produce customized products, small batches of replacement components, and designs that are particularly challenging for traditional manufacturing processes.
Agricultural drones are a class of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Agriculture monitoring is among the most mature use cases for drones. The use case's value proposition is rooted in the high labor cost of monitoring a wide, rural expanse of agricultural land using traditional ground-based vehicles. In many environments, drones can cover 10 times more land than a ground-based observer in the same amount of time due to their sky-to-earth perspective and ability to fly over barriers. Drones can also be automated for routine assessments, negating entirely the need for human operation.The flight of agriculture drones may be controlled with various degrees of autonomy, ranging from the remote control by an operator located in the vicinity to fully autonomous flight coordinated by onboard computers.Drones are most often deployed in large farm holdings with varying topographic climates. They are also useful in situations where issues related to bacteria fungus, or pests are difficult to manage and require regular monitoring. In addition to cropland, drones are also deployed to monitor aquaculture and forests, as well as poultry, cattle, and other livestock.
The objective of Asset Lifecycle Management (ALM) is to optimize the profit generated by assets over the course of their lifecycle. ALM integrates processes and technologies in order to manage asset portfolios, execute projects, and facilitate efficient asset management practices. Whereas Asset Health Management (AHM) deals with monitoring and optimizing the health the asset in real time, ALM extends across the lifecycle of the asset from design, to procurement, commissioning, operations, maintenance, and decommissioning. IoT technologies enable superior visibility, forecasting, and feedback loops across the ALM process.
Augmented Reality or enhanced virtual reality, is a technology that seamlessly integrates real-world information and virtual world information. The real environment and virtual objects can be superimposed on the same picture or space in real time. Augmented reality technology can incorporate virtual information (objects, pictures, videos, sounds, etc.) into the real environment, enrich the real world and build a more comprehensive surrounding.Industry sector can benefit from AR by facilitating the equipment maintenance, guiding the production and manufacturing process of commodities, and improving the marketing champions.
Autonomous robots are intelligent machines capable of performing tasks in the world independently of either direct human control or fixed programming. Examples range from autonomous drones, to industrial production robots, to your robotic vacuum cleaner. They combine expertise from the fields of artificial intelligence, robotics, and information science.The autonomous robot must have the ability to perceive its environment, analyze situational data in order to make decisions based on what it perceives, and then modify its actions based on these decisions. For example, the scope of autonomy could include starting, stopping, maneuvering around obstacles, communicating to obstacles, and using appendages to manipulate obstacles. There are few autonomous robots in operation today. Even most sophisticated, dynamic robots such as those used in an automotive factory perform according to static programming. And most "autonomous robots" are only semi-autonomous and will likely remain so even as more fundamental autonomy becomes technically feasible. For example, the Roomba vacuum cleaner does not move according to a pre-programmed route and can modify its route dynamically as its environment changes. However, it has a very limited degree of freedom that is determined by its programming.
Autonomous transport systems provide unmanned, autonomous transfer of equipment, baggage, people, information or resources from point-to-point with minimal intervention. They can include the full range of transport vehicles, including trucks, buses, trains, metros, ships, and airplanes. They are most commonly deployed in controlled industries zones but are expected to soon be deployed in public areas with varying degrees of autonomy. We differentiate autonomous transport systems from autonomous vehicles. Whereas autonomous vehicles serve individual passengers (who may or may not own the vehicle), autonomous transport systems are interconnected fleets of vehicles owned by a business to service a particular need systematically. When discussing autonomous transport systems, the focus is on the interaction among vehicles in a sophisticated system that interfaces with ERP, MES, and other enterprise data management systems. The autonomy of the vehicle is one component of a larger interconnected system of autonomous and semi-autonomous activity with the objective of achieving business or organizational objectives, such as delivering the mail or moving soil from a mine to a processing facility.
A flexible form of human-machine interaction where the user is in direct contact with the robot while he is guiding and training it. A collaborative robot, or "cobot," is a robot that can safely and effectively interact with human workers while performing simple industrial tasks. However, end-effectors and other environmental conditions may create hazards, and as such risk assessments should be done before using any industrial motion-control application.
The purpose of computer vision is to program a computer to "understand" a scene or features in an image. it seeks to automate tasks that the human visual system can do. Computer vision systems are used increasingly to solve problems of industrial inspection, allowing for complete automation of the inspection process and to increase its accuracy and efficiency.One of the most common applications of computer vision is the inspection of the products such as microprocessors, cars, food, and pharmaceuticals. It also can be applied in detection, segmentation, localization, and recognition of certain objects in images (e.g., human faces).
Continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS) are used to monitor flue gas for oxygen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide to provide information for combustion control in industrial settings.For example, operators use gas detection devices to monitor and prevent gas leaks. Detection of gas levels and leakages in industrial environments, surroundings of chemical factories and inside mines involves significant costs and is of crucial importance for operating safety. While preventive maintenance could provide for another IIoT solution, at remote sites it is costly and sometimes ineffective.
Cybersecurity refers to the protection practice for the hardware, software, and data from being destroyed, altered or leaked by accidental or malicious reasons to ensure the system runs continuously and the network service is not interrupted. An effective cybersecurity methodology has multiple levels of protection spread across the computers, networks, programs, and data that one intends to remain secure. For an effective defense from cyber-attacks, the people, processes, and technology in any organization should complement one another.The cybersecurity can be divided into physical security and logical security. Physical safety refers to the physical protection of system equipment and related facilities from damage and loss. Logical security includes integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information.
A digital twin works as a bridge to connect the physical and the virtual world for a process, product or service. It is a digital replica of a living or non-living physical entity. With the development of IoT, a digital twin can constantly accumulate data and mutually transfer the information with the physical body during the life cycle of the system.The object of the digital twin is to analyze data and monitor systems in order to head off problems before they occur, prevent downtime, develop new opportunities and even plan for the future.
Visualizing factory operations data is a challenge for many manufacturers today. One of the IIoT initiatives some manufacturers are pursuing today is providing real-time visibility in factory operations and the health of machines. The goal is to improve manufacturing efficiency. The challenge is in combining and correlating diverse data sources that greatly vary in nature, origin, and life cycle.Factory Operations Visibility and Intelligence (FOVI) is designed to collect sensor data generated on the factory floor, production-equipment logs, production plans and statistics, operator information, and to integrate all this and other related information in the cloud. In this way, it can be used to bring visibility to production facilities, analyze and predict outcomes, and support better decisions for improvements.
Fleet management is an administrative approach that allows companies to organize and coordinate work vehicles with the aim to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and provide compliance with government regulations. While most commonly used for vehicle tracking, fleet management includes following and recording mechanical diagnostics and driver behavior.Automated Fleet Management solutions to connect vehicles and monitor driver activities, allowing managers to gain an unprecedented level of insight into fleet performance and driver behavior. This enables them to know where vehicles and drivers are at all times, identify potential problems much sooner and mitigate risks before they become larger issues that can jeopardize client satisfaction, impact driver safety or increase costs.
Fog computing refers to a decentralized computing structure, where resources, including the data and applications, get placed in logical locations between the data source and the cloud; it also is known by the terms 'fogging' and 'fog networking.'The goal of this is to bring basic analytic services to the network edge, improving performance by positioning computing resources closer to where they are needed, thereby reducing the distance that data needs to be transported on the network, improving overall network efficiency and performance. Fog computing can also be deployed for security reasons, as it has the ability to segment bandwidth traffic and introduce additional firewalls to a network for higher security.
Geofencing is a technology that uses GPS, RFID, or other technology to define geographical boundaries. It allows administrators to set up triggers such as push notifications, email alerts, or kill switches when a device crosses a "geofence" and enters or exits an area. For example, equipment that exits a construction could be programmed to shut down beyond the borders of a geofence in order to prevent theft. Likewise, the departure of power tools from a shop floor could trigger a text message alert. The geofencing market is segmented on the basis of components (solution and services), geofencing type, organization size, verticals, and regions. Geofencing services are further segmented into deployment and integration, support and maintenance, consulting and advisory, and API management and testing services. Market growth is driven by the connectivity of mobile assets and industrial campuses.
Indoor air quality monitoring (IAQ) is carried out to assess the extent of pollution, ensure compliance with national or local legislation, evaluate pollution control options, and provide data for air quality modeling. It is particularly important in chemical plants, mines, and other facilities with potentially harmful concentrations of pollutants.The central objective is to ensure that the location is safe for individuals. As the burden of air quality regulation shifts from publicly-funded monitoring to industry-funded monitoring, businesses have begun to invest more heavily in their own air quality monitoring equipment and processes.
Indoor Positioning Systems (IPS) are used to locate persons or objects inside buildings, as opposed to GPS which works outdoors. IPSs impact asset monitoring and automation at the enterprise level. The technology is expected to bring in integration capabilities of analytical software tools with the existing maps and navigation software.
The digital thread refers to the communication framework that allows a connected data flow and integrated view of the asset's data throughout its lifecycle across traditionally siloed functional perspectives. The digital thread concept raises the bar for delivering "the right information to the right place at the right time."The Industrial Digital Thread (IDT) testbed drives efficiency, speed, and flexibility through digitization and automation of manufacturing processes and procedures. It collects information in the design, manufacturing, service and supply-chain setup, and provides access to intelligent analytics for industrial manufacturing and performance data.The Digital Thread integrates design, engineering, manufacturing, and MRO (maintenance, repair, and overhaul) systems, establishing a seamless flow of information. This type of integration employs data and analytics across the complete product life cycle, optimizing efficiency, from design to manufacturing, operations, and maintenance to service in a closed loop.
Industrial wearable devices are tools designed to improve workplace productivity, safety, and efficiency in sectors such as manufacturing, logistics, and mining. These devices collect data in real time, track activities, provide alerts, and provide customized experiences depending on the users' needs and organizational objectives. They are typically designed for specific situations or industry verticals, as opposed to consumer wearables which are often general in function. Industrial wearables can be designed to aid a worker in performing specific tasks or to measure health parameters for working in dangerous environments. In addition to performing a specific function for their wearer, the devices can be linked to enterprise systems. For example, linking wearables worn by employees in hazardous environments to employee welfare programs can be used to track and provide evidence of the wellbeing of employees, thereby reducing health insurance costs.
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are devices or software applications that monitor network or system activities for malicious activities or policy violations and send reports to a management station.ID systems are being developed in response to the increasing number of attacks on major sites and networks, including those of the Pentagon, the White House, NATO, and the U.S. Defense Department. The safeguarding of security is becoming increasingly difficult because the possible technologies of attack are becoming ever more sophisticated; at the same time, less technical ability is required for the novice attacker, because proven past methods are easily accessed through the Web.
Inventory Management is the management of inventory and stock. As an element of supply chain management, inventory management includes aspects such as controlling and overseeing ordering inventory, storage of inventory, and controlling the amount of product for sale.The role of IIoT in inventory management boils down to turning the data fetched by RFID readers into meaningful insights about inventory items' location, statuses, movements, etc., and giving users a corresponding output.Moreover, inventory management solutions based on Industrial IoT can be integrated with other systems like an ERP and share data with other enterprise's departments.
The last mile refers to the delivery of goods from the transportation hub to the final destination. Based on the customer segmentation, it can be divided into residential delivery (2C), commercial delivery (2B), and self-service terminals. Based on the commodities types, the last kilometer can be divided into specialized distribution and general distribution. Specialized distribution commodities generally have unique requirements on distribution conditions and time, such as cold chain distribution, large-scale distribution of furniture and household appliances, etc.Due to the expansion of omnichannel in the retailer, the last mile delivery has become a critical point in the supply chain to achieve time and cost efficiency. Furthermore, Last Mile Delivery is also vital for retaining customer loyalty for e-commerce retailers since it is the mere opportunity for fact-to fact interaction with clients.


Can anyone tell me if this is more than a detailed psychiatric examination? I have used 95 and 97 guidelines and can't seem to get a comprehensive examination. Our MAC provider is First Coast Service Options.
Since I am not getting a response to this, would anyone know where there may be a psychiatric blog or forum? I post on this and E/M University and psych questions are not usually addressed. I know it is a "limited" area of expertise, but any information would be appreciated. Our facility has an adult inpatient and Mental health community clinic and inpatient hospital for kids. Any guidance would be appreciated.
I just joined this group, therefore I am very late on responding to your psychiatric examination question.
Description of abnormal or psychotic thoughts including:.
All 14 exam elements are required to be Comprehensive, therefore your exam is Detailed.


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Spanish is one of the most beautiful languages in the world, spoken in several countries in Europe, South America, and Africa. Spanish is slightly different from other main European languages such as English, French, and German because there are a lot of dialects that are being spoken in different regions. Hence, the same Spanish word can have different meanings according to the context its being used and the region where it's being spoken. Therefore it's a challenging task to translate Spanish to English.
There are several dictionaries that help you translate Spanish to English, however, there is a major limitation among most of them. They don't take into consideration, the variety and flexibility of most common Spanish words, throughout Spain and Latin American countries. Dialects of Spanish greatly vary between continents as well. For example, consider the following word:
apricot (English)
albaricoque (most common Spanish word)
damasco (in Argentina, Chile, Uruguay)
chabacano (in Mexico)
Another example would be the word:
bug (English)
bicho (most common Spanish word)
insecto (in Mexico)
It's more meaningful and accurate in Spanish to English translation, if you translate the meaning, rather than the word. For example, the most exact English meaning of the Spanish word obtener is 'to obtain'. However, it's more practical to translate this as 'to get', instead of 'to obtain'.
Due to the amount of locality and customization, Spanish to English translation involves a lot of complexities. Therefore, in order to obtain a quality and accurate translation, it's always advisable to work with a professional translator. Spanish to English translation services are offered by various companies. These businesses work with qualified and expert translators who accurately translate Spanish to English. Translation services are widely used by diplomatic and corporate entities.
Being able to translate Spanish to English is extremely useful if you are a Spanish tourist guide, taking tourists to most rural parts of the Spanish speaking countries, especially Latin America. Here, the English speaking population is very limited, therefore in order to make it a fruitful visit for your tourists, knowing Spanish and English fairly well would be an advantage.
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I request Lil Uzi Vert!
This app is awesome. I love everything about it.
I wsnt simone biles' voice to bemone hear but what ever.
Do not get this app.
You think it will be fun at first but when you open up the app, it shows you an ad for their full pack of voices. I didn't think that it would be a problem, but it was. Anytime you tried to do a video of the voice you had on, that ad would just pop up again. Another thing was that there were only 5 voices available. If you are willing to pay $4.99 each month for this, it is not worth your time. I'm not hating on this app, I'm just sating that it should have more voices available for usage without the membership. I do not recommend this app, but you might love it.
The app might be cool but it is not free as it's promised. This let me down and there is no point of downloading.


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Def Jam Africa announces further expansion into Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon and Senegal
27-07-2020 06:38:00 | by: Bob Koigi | hits: 10215 | Tags:
Universal Music Group (UMG), global music-based entertainment, has announced the further expansion of its Def Jam Africa division into three new markets within French-speaking Africa; Côte d'Ivoire, Senegal and Cameroon, effective immediately.
Def Jam Africa launched in May 2020, as the first label dedicated to representing the best hip-hop, Afrobeats and trap talent in Africa, and follows the blueprint of the iconic Def Jam Recordings label, which has led and influenced the cutting-edge in hip-hop and urban culture for more than 35 years.
Def Jam Africa will now have additional A&R, marketing and digital resources based within UMG's offices in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire), Dakar (Senegal) and Douala (Cameroon), dedicated to discovering hip-hop talent across all French-speaking African markets and will operate under the leadership of Franck Kacou, Directeur Général, Universal Music Africa.
Kacou will work closely with Sipho Dlamini, CEO, Universal Music Sub-Saharan Africa & South Africa and Def Jam Africa teams in Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria, to ensure the Def Jam Africa continues to identify and sign the best artist talent from across the entire continent.
The first flagship artist signings to join Def Jam Africa from these countries are highly respected and hugely popular rappers; Tenor (Cameroon), Suspect 95 (Côte d'Ivoire), & Omzo Dollar (Senegal), The trio joins some of Africa's most influential artists and MC's already on the label including: Cassper Nyovest, Nasty C, Larry Gaaga, Boity, Nadia Nakai, Tellaman, Tshego, Ricky Tyler & Vector.
In making the announcement, Franck Kacou said, "We are excited to launch Def Jam Africa in Côte d'Ivoire, Senegal and Cameroon with three of Africa's most exciting hip-hop artists; Tenor, Suspect 95 and Omzo Dollar. There is a wealth of domestic hip-hop talent here and in the surrounding countries, that has the potential to transcend language and geographical boundaries to appeal to audiences throughout Africa, France and beyond. I look forward to working alongside Sipho to expand our community of artists across the continent, and to help elevate hip-hop from Africa to new heights.
Jeff Harleston, interim Chairman & CEO, Def Jam Recordings said, "The reaction to the recent launch of Def Jam Africa showed the weight and respect that the Def Jam name and brand carries globally. We are excited to welcome these new markets to the Def Jam Family. It provides an important opportunity for audiences worldwide to discover the incredibly talented hip-hop artists emerging throughout the continent."
Olivier Nusse, Chairman & CEO, Universal Music France said, "African hip-hop is one of the most exciting movements in music today. In recent years we have seen an increase in its popularity in France, but the appetite for African hip-hop continues to grow amongst audiences around the world. We are excited to further expand Def Jam Africa into Cameroon, Senegal and Côte d'Ivoire, and for these incredible artists to help build Def Jam Africa into the authentic and collaborative home of hip-hop across all of Africa."
www.universalmusic.com


Will Duffy vs. Arminian Pastor Jaltus: Is the future open?
Jaltus and I will be debating open theism. I am an open theist and Jaltus is a Molinist Arminian. We will be trying to answer the question, "Is the future settled or open?" I will be posting first and there is no time limit or debate length at the outset of this discussion. Hope this will be edifying to all!
Will Duffy Is God free?
I'd like to start with a question. Is God free? The debate over God's knowledge and the future has long been incorrectly focused on man. For ages, people have wrestled with reconciling God's knowledge of the future with man's freedom. Well, the open theism movement is beginning to ask new questions, turning this highly important debate back to God Himself. Is God free? What about God's knowledge before He created man, the heavens and the earth? The answer to these questions, and others like it, will be very revealing in determining whether or not the future is settled or open.
Yes, God is free. I'm not sure anyone would disagree with this. God freely created the heavens and earth and all that is in them. He wasn't forced to create, nor was He coerced into doing so, but God is free. But what are the ramifications of this? If God is free, can the future be settled? The answer is: no.
Let's take a look back into the past. Jaltus, did God have any say in the matter when it came to creating the heavens and the earth? Did God conscientiously decide to create or rather, did He merely foresee that He would create? Did God have to create the way He did, or could He have done it another way? No one is quite sure of the exact date that God created, but was God forced to create on that exact day, or could He have created on a different day? Basically, is God free?
My view of God, a free God, is that God was indeed free to create. Sometime in the distant past, the triune God made the free decision to create the heavens and the earth, along with man to fellowship with Him. He freely designed His creation and was not bound by any type of foreknowledge. He created when He wanted to, how He wanted to, and was not stuck in some sort of fate, having to do it on a certain day. Our God is free and if God is free, the future is open.
Jaltus Re: Is God free?
I do think God is not completely free. I believe He is limited by His own character and His own laws (not the laws of nature, mind you, but the laws of logic). If God cannot lie, then He is limited by His own words as well.
I believe creation was a free action.
The problem is that you do not think about God being limited by His own character, and thus, since He cannot lie, He is limited by His own words. Is God free to not destroy the world through fire? No, because He promised He would destroy the world that way. Can God destroy the world by flood? No, because God declared He would never use that again.
Is God free? Yes. Is God absolutely free? No.
but the laws of logic). If God cannot lie, then He is limited by His own words as well.
This is at the heart of openness debate and you are absolutely right: God's creation was free. But what does this mean? I think it will show that the future is not settled, but open.
Since God was free to create the heavens and the earth, what does that mean?
1. It means that God was free not to create.
He wasn't forced to create. He wasn't coerced to create. God freely created the heavens and the earth and had the ability not to. 2. It means that God was free to create the heavens and the earth differently than He did.
God designed the beautiful universe and did so freely. No one or nothing told God how He was to create. God freely created what He did and this means He had the ability to do it differently. I'm not saying that God could have created impossibilities, like square circles, good demons, or a duplicate God, but just that He could have created differently: more butterflies, etc.
God was free to create and since God was not forced by anyone or anything to create, the future was open and not settled. If the future was settled, God would have been forced to create the exact same way the settled future said He would. But our God is free and the future is open.
Jaltus, did God have the ability to create any differently than He did?
lost that ability? I believe the answer is yes, God is eternally creative.
Jaltus, you wrote that you "believe creation was a free action." (emphasis mine) Let's take that further. Do you believe God remains free?
We do have to have some foundation from which to debate, hence me positing a starting point in God's character.
He wasn't forced to create. He wasn't coerced to create. God freely created the heavens and the earth and had the ability not to.
I totally agree with point 1 and your explanation of it. In fact, I find it to be a problem of Calvinism (specifically Piper's brand) that forces God to create since Piper and his followers hold that God's happiness is based on His sovereignty, and sovereignty needs people tob e sovereign over, and thus creation is necessary for God's happiness. You will never hear that from an Arminian.
2. It means that God was free to create the heavens and the earth differently than He did.
I disagree here, but more out of ignorance than knowledge. Let me explain: It is certainly possible that God have created other, but He did not.
There stands to reason that God had specific reasons for making this particular world with the particular makeup He gave it. God is unlikely (I would say it is impossible, but do not want to debate this point) to have created something He thought of us less than perfect, even knowing possible or probable outcomes (assuming God has limited knowledge of the future).
Thus, I would say God's character (goodness, love, omnipotence, knowledge, etc) pushed Him toward creating the world He thought would turn out the best. Therefore, I do not think God was free to create any possible world simply because many possible worlds would go against His character.
This is false, as you are assuming an open future, which is what you are trying to prove. A settled future does not limit God simply because the future is known by God, you are making the modal fallacy that assumes knowledge causes action, but knowledge itself cannot act, and therefore knowledge causes nothing (I am simplifying the argument here).
Your point here assumes the conclusion and is not a valid argument.
Possibly, but I am not sure, if one means could He have, yes. If one means did His character limit Him to a single possibility of creation, that is also possible. I am not certain.
The next logical question in this debate is whether or not God remains free to create. Can God still create? Is God eternally creative, or has He lost that ability? I believe the answer is yes, God is eternally creative.
He can create, but that does not mean He "is eternally creative," since I am not certain what that means. God has the ability, but not necessarily the inclination. In fact, one could say that His sustaining of creation is in fact creative work, but I do not think that is what you mean.
Yes, but not unlimited free. I think He is now limited by His decrees as well as His character.
I totally agree with point 1 and your explanation of it.
God's freedom to create, which you agree with, leads to my conclusion.
...you are assuming an open future, which is what you are trying to prove.
I didn't assume an open future; it was my conclusion based on the truth you've already agreed to, that God had the ability to create and the ability not to. There was nothing settled about it. God is free and you've admitted that God was free to create and free not to. God was free and made the decision to create. The future was open and you've agreed.
If my reasoning for this conclusion is incorrect, you should be able to demonstrate how.
I disagree with 1a. Just because God was free does not mean God did not know what He was going to do. In fact, your position demands that this is not so, since whatever God determines to do is, according to your system, not free. If God determined to create, which we know He did, God did not allow an open future just by creating in the first place. However, I think that the conclusion here does not hold either.
I did. You clearly assume steps in your argument. There is no logical connection between God being free and the future being open.
Just because God was free does not mean God did not know what He was going to do.
So my question for you is: Did God have the ability to decide to create? You "totally agree" when I stated that God wasn't forced or coerced to create. So let's take this one step further. Was God free to decide to create? The foundation for the settled future is crumbling.
In fact, your position demands that this is not so, since whatever God determines to do is, according to your system, not free.
This is not true. We do agree that just because God determines to do something and does it, doesn't make Him not free. It's whether or not God has the ability to decide to determine something.
There is no logical connection between God being free and the future being open.
We agreed on that last point, but you're wrong on this one and many will see it.
I am not sure what you mean by the phrase "the future was open." before God created, there was no matter and therefore, by definition, no time. Therefore, there was no past or future. If you want me to agree that the future was open prior to creation that is like trying to get me to agree that there is such a thing as a square triangle, it makes no logical sense.
Just because God is free to do what He wants does not mean the future is open. I think you need to define "open future" before we travel further down this road. I think you are loading your definition.
Lol, you are trying to win by definition but your entire argument makes no logical sense.
Before God created, there was no matter and therefore, by definition, no time. Therefore, there was no past or future. If you want me to agree that the future was open prior to creation that is like trying to get me to agree that there is such a thing as a square triangle, it makes no logical sense.
This is utter nonsense. Jaltus, it's obvious that there was a "before" God created. You cannot argue that the earth has eternally existed, because it has not. It had a beginning. God existed prior to the earth's creation. To say "before God created" is completely accurate and biblical. In John 17:24, Jesus was praying to His Father and said to God, "for You loved Me before the foundation of the world." God the Father loved the Son before the foundation of the world. Jaltus, even you say "before God created," showing that even you know there is a "before" God created.
1. Jaltus, was God's love for the Son before the foundation of the world, in the past? 2. And, did God decide to create before or after He actually created?
travel further down this road. I think you are loading your definition.
Open future – No existing exhaustive account of everything that will happen.
Settled future – An existing exhaustive account of everything that will happen, that cannot be varied from.
With these definitions, let's discuss God's future and the obvious progression of God's existence, His decision to create and His creation itself.
God eternally existed before He decided to create. God decided to create before He actually created. God created certain things before others.
3. When God existed before His decision to create, was there an existing exhaustive account of everything that would happen, that could not be varied from, including the decision to create?
4. When God decided to create before He actually created, was there an existing exhaustive account of everything that would happen, that could not be varied from, including the creation itself?
5. When God was creating fish and birds on Day Five of Creation before Day Six, was there an existing exhaustive account of everything that would happen, that could not be varied from, including the design of land animals and man?
Now you're claiming that you're not sure what I mean "by the phrase 'future was open.'" You say, Correct.
How long was the "before God created"? There is no answer to that. all we have are two separate durations, before and after Creation. The problem is that, by definition, time is a measurement of physicality (t = v/d: time equals velocity divided by distance). How could spirits measure time? You are begging the question by asserting that "before" implies time. It only implies duration or a single event.
I have not argued the eternal existence of the earth, quite the opposite in fact. But I am arguing before creation there was no time. When God created matter, God created time. Thus, until something happened to change God's eternal state (namely god's own action) there was no time. To say the future was open is to say nothing. There was no future just as there was no past or even present. There was no time before creation. Once God created, then one could point to a before creation, but before creation there was nothing, no event, to point toward!. Before creation is a past event that never had a present or a future.
1) The love among the Trinity is eternal. In fact, Jonathon Edwards argues that the manifestation of this love is the Holy Spirit, though that is going a bit far in my opinion.
2) Neither. God's decision to create was the moment of creation.
I disagree that God decided to create before He did. I also disagree that God eternally existed before He decided to create. God existed before creation, but to say it was eternal implies a time element. how long did god exist before creation? There is no way to answer because it is a meaningless question since time only obtains for physical beings.
The moment of decision is when God decided what world to create. By picking a specific world to instantiate (and you must admit that He obviously had choices), God set all of time into motion. His plan was begun in that moment, and therefore that is when God knew exactly what would happen.
Yes, because God had already decided which world to make.
Disagree that God eternally existed before He decided to create.
Wow. When your foundational ideas are wrong, it drives you to make fearful and absurd claims, like God didn't eternally exist before creation.
Originally posted by Jaltus I would say no.
I disagree that God decided to create before He did.
"Father,...You loved Me before the foundation of the world."
God acted before creation. He shared glory with the Son, He loved the Son, He foreknew the Son's role, and He planned the body of Christ, all before the foundation of the world.
His plan was begun in that moment.
Eph. 1:4 contradicts this statement of yours. God the Father was planning before creation. Before the foundation of the world, God planned elements concerning the body of Christ.
You're all twisted up trying to defend a view of God that came from your own philosophy, not the Bible.
You know, we are not going to get anywhere if you keep cherry picking comments and not dealing with the entirety of my posts. This is becoming an exercise in futility as you continue to miss my point because all you care about is proving your point without trying to understand mine.
You took your own advice of not "cherry picking" comments in this latest post, and you didn't respond at all!
and not dealing with the entirety of my posts.
This is becoming an exercise in futility as you continue to miss my point because all you care about is proving your point without trying to understand mine.
1. You've admitted that God did not have exhaustive omniscience before He decided to create.
2. You've admitted that the design of creation was open before God decided to create.
3. You were completely wrong that God's plan begun at the moment of creation, as the Bible says God planned before the foundation of the world.
Correct. Why bother responding to you if what I am responding to is incorrect?
I truly doubt that. You do not understand my point, as this post itself proves, because you are not responding to the entirety of my case.
I have not avoided your arguments, so stop trying to preen before the crowd.
False. There was by definition no future, and therefore nothing for God to have knowledge about. Heck, this is your own position. I am not sure why you are disagreeing with me here.
better term) of creation was the moment of design. There was no temporal separation.
False. I spoke of the temporal order as being simultaneous, yet the logical order is plan then creation. You are intentionally sliding between the two ideas as if they were synonymous. Because you do not deal with my posts in full, you continue to misrepresent my position.
False. There was by definition no future, and therefore nothing for God to have knowledge about.
Okay, so you're admitting that God did not know that He would create an earth. We now know in hindsight that God did create an earth. According to you, when God existed "before the foundation of the world," He had no idea that He would create the earth.
of a better term) of creation was the moment of design. There was no temporal separation.
Okay, so now you're admitting that God did not know He would create an earth until He actually created it! We now know in hindsight that God freely decided to create an earth. According to you, when God existed "before the foundation of the world," He had no idea that He would create the earth until the exact moment that He did so.
2. Am I correct in asserting that your theological position is that God did not know He would create an earth, until the exact moment that He did so?
False. I spoke of the temporal order as being simultaneous, yet the logical order is plan then creation.
I still think the Bible disagrees with you here.
3. "Before the foundation of the world," did God "choose" to fellowship with created beings who would "be holy"?
You do not understand my point, as this post itself proves, because you are not responding to the entirety of my case.
You are making the case that God could not have foreknowledge "before the foundation of the world" because there was no future to have knowledge of.
4. According to 1 Peter 1:20, did God foreknow (proginwskw) something "before the foundation of the world" about the Son's role with the world?
I am preaching this weekend and my son goes in for surgery next week, so it might be a bit before I get back to you.
I hope the best for your son.
Okay, so you're admitting that God did not know that He would create an earth. We now know in hindsight that God did create an earth.
According to you, when God existed "before the foundation of the world," He had no idea that He would create the earth. To be honest, I am not certain. I would think that He did not know until He acted.
1. Am I correct in asserting that your theological position is that God did not know He would create an earth, before He created the earth?
I would say it is a philosophical position, but essentially yes.
Yes. But creation does not equal foundation of the world. God created water first (the Spirit of the Lord hovered over the deep, and the question is what is the deep?).
No, my position is more nuanced than that. I believe God did not have foreknowledge before creation, but the foundation of the world was laid after initial creation since the angels already existed.
My position is that "before the foundation of the world" does not mean before creation since the angels were created first and seemingly are temporal beings. In addition, water was around before the world was around, according to Genesis.
I will say this, you have some very good points here causing me to reassess my thoughts.
Jaltus, thanks for your humility and I'm glad to know that you're open to reassessing your thoughts. That is rare today in the body of Christ.
To be honest, I am not certain. I would think that He did not know until He acted.
I think you're not certain, because it probably feels weird to think that God does not have the ability to think about something before He acts. I posit that God can think about doing something before doing it, and that God can think about doing something and not do it.
...your theological position is that God did not know He would create an earth, before He created the earth?
Your admission here means that God learned something and increased in knowledge. This is a claim that many make, probably you as well, against open theism.
question is what is the deep?).
the foundation of the world was laid after initial creation since the angels already existed.
Okay, so you've only moved the line now. I think you would admit that this was a wiggle on your part. I must give you credit for this effort, but it doesn't work for two reasons.
1. I used the term "before the foundation of the world" in my question, but the verse I was referring to was Eph. 1:4 which does not use that phrase.
Eph. 1:4 actually uses the term "creation," which I believe still successfully refutes your point.
2. The Bible is pretty clear that the foundation of the world and creation are synonymous points in history.
God created the heavens and earth and all that is in them in six days. Comparing this verse with Gen. 1:1 makes it clear that everything was created starting with Genesis' account of Day One, including angels as part of the heavens.
The world, or kosmos, is a much more broad term than earth, or gh. (Kosmos and gh are my best efforts for using greek words since only English characters are available.) Kosmos refers to the heavens and the earth, while gh refers to land or what we know of as the planet earth. To say that the foundation of the world happened after the creation of the earth makes no logical or biblical sense and I think you would agree.
The angels were created on Day One and rejoiced when the foundations of the earth were laid.
Without having evidence Jaltus, I bet you have said, like most other settled viewers, that the phrase "In the beginning" refers to the beginning of time. This also will give you trouble as then the beginning of time would be before the creation of anything, including angels and/or water, according to Gen. 1:1 and Ex. 20:11.
Hey, I'll try to get back to you next week some time. I am preaching this week and trying to potty train my boys.
It's 11:48am on January 8th, 2011, exactly 2 years since Jaltus' last post. I'd like to officially close out this debate and thank TheologyWeb.com for hosting and Jaltus for participating. I hope the sermon went well and the potty training is coming along.


text:
package models.response

case class ScoreWithSum(
    memberId: Long,
    score: Int,
    monthlyExp: Int,
    yearlyExp: Int,
    eo: Int,
    lastEo: Int,
    quest: Int,
    yyyymmmddhh: Int,
    created: Long)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Baltazar Castellano Melo (Cuajinicuilapa, Guerrero, 6 de noviembre de 1983) es un artista plástico y visual mexicano, que se caracteriza principalmente por mostrar a través de sus obras la riqueza cultural de su pueblo.

Biografía
Baltazar Castellano Melo nació en Cuajinicuilapa, Guerrero, el día 6 de noviembre de 1983, hijo de madre negra y padre mixteco, lo que brinda en su persona un carácter mestizo. Desde muy temprana edad Baltazar se encontró fuertemente ligado a sus raíces culturales, esto principalmente debido a su figura materna, su mejor maestra de la vida y de la enseñanza es su madre, porque ella en la tierra le enseñaba a dibujar, la relevancia de su madre se encuentra inclusive como su primer contacto con el mundo del arte.

El arte estuvo presente a lo largo de su vida, a la edad de 21 años inició estudios formales en tal vertiente, egresando de la Licenciatura en Artes Plásticas de la Escuela de Bellas Artes de Oaxaca en el 2008. Al concluir su proceso de formación, Castellano Melo siguió dando muestra de la relevancia de sus raíces, prueba de ello se encuentra en su trabajo de titulación, con la tesis: El color de las palabras, cuentos tradicionales del pueblo negro, la cual dirigió el pintor y grabador Shinzaburo Takeda.

A lo largo de su carrera ha realizado varias exposiciones y proyectos, por ejemplo, Raíz de la ceiba con el propósito de visiblizar el pueblo negro llamado así por el color de la gente que ahí habita; en esta exposición reprodujo en su obra la tercera raíz negada. Su desarrollo artístico va de la mano con su contexto cultural, encontrando en sus obras el punto de convergencia de ambas líneas.

Obra
Parte de la motivación de Melo en la elaboración de sus obras se encuentra marcada por su contexto social, como él lo señala: "en el estado somos poco conocidos o más bien ignorados y en el país somos una tercera raíz negada"; siendo sus obras un vehículo para levantar la voz, una voz que genere un reconocimiento.

Baltazar C. Melo brinda una visión como un agente interno, señala: "soy un mestizo que ha vivido la transgresión y la discriminación por mi origen, por eso comencé a pintar a mi gente y después a interpretar mi realidad, para que vieran lo hermoso que son los arcoíris negros", además de mostrar una realidad que pasa desapercibida y que culturalmente ostenta muchos atributos, Melo remite a una noción dejada de lado, que es, la visión de la sociedad mexicana como un derivado de sincretismo cultural, recordando que la raza negra también le brindó color al entramado cultural mexicano.

Para la elaboración de sus obras Melo considera relevante el estudio, para de esta forma dotar de mayor veracidad sus obras, —voy a investigar sobre las danzas, la música, entro en una dinámica de estudiar a los personajes—, no solo se queda con lo que percibe a simple vista, entiende la música, analiza el instrumento que origina los sonidos, como lo menciona Melo en el video de la página CORTV, si pinta algo es porque él lo sabe hacer, conoce la estructura del instrumento y el proceso de fabricación de una máscara de diablos, inclusive la forma de danzar.

Además de la diversidad de elementos culturales que puede abordar, su trabajo no se encuentra delimitado por un solo estilo, mencionado por Melo en el video de CORTV, el estilo es un juego visual, no busca limitarse a una sola forma, buscar formas diversas que le permitan jugar con la realidad, de esta forma Baltazar C. Melo se encuentra en constante innovación o experimentación con diferentes técnicas y superficies de intervención.

Entre elementos culturales, una variedad de estilos experimentados y por experimentar Castellano Melo ha dado vida a una gran cantidad de obras —más de 500 piezas, entre obras pictóricas y gráficas que tienen la intención de generar una reflexión sobre la negritud de la costa chica de Oaxaca y Guerrero—, causando, a través de sus obras, que el espectador conozca aquellos rasgos culturales que se han encontrado olvidados e inclusive negados.

Su obra ha sido expuesta en el Museo Amparo de Puebla, así como en la Galería Agusta Savage de la Universidad de Massachusetts Amherst.

Series de obras

 Cato de ruja para Atzatzilistli.
 Animas que se cumpla, serie de exvotos.
 A cada quien su santo, serie de exvotos.
 Chanecas, cihuatatayotas Matlacihua.
 Santas de carnaval.
 No es rojo... es colorado.

Referencias

Nacidos en Cuajinicuilapa
Artistas plásticos de México

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


How to calculate income is different for everybody. The goal is to understand how much money you are getting from all income sources for a given period of time. The following sections will help you calculate your income. After reading over this section, you can use the spreadsheet in the Personal Budget Tools page to calculate your income.
You can calculate your income based on a convenient time interval. If you get paid monthly, then the most convenient time interval is a month. If you get paid weekly, then pick a time interval based on a number of weeks. A four week interval or a monthly interval works best, but pick one that is convenient to you. If your income is not regular, which can be the case for contract work, or seasonal work, then pick a period that is convenient.
Another factor to consider in picking a time period is when you pay your bills. A monthly time period may be best as bills often come once a month. Since bills generally come on a monthly basis, if your income period is set to four weeks (just under a month), then occasionally a budget period will pass where you don't have to pay one of your bills. This is like getting a bonus for that budget period.
Whatever time period you pick to calculate your income, make sure you include all of your income — salary, tips, child support — everything. The list at the bottom of this page gives some ideas of income sources.
When calculating your income, always choose a pessimistic outlook. For example, if you get between $100 and $150 in tips a week, then use $100 as your income for that category.
As with anybody, when there is no regular income, then cutbacks have to be made. Until you are getting a regular income, you need to cut back on all unnecessary spending. Any expenses that can be put off until you have an income should be put off. Any time you are about to spend some money ask yourself if you can get by without it — either until you have a steady income, or forever if you didn't need that particular item in the first place.


text:
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Home»Puzzle Games»Crossword • Play Daily Crossword Puzzles Online for Free
Crossword • Play Daily Crossword Puzzles Online for Free
Crossword is a word puzzle that usually comes in a form of a square of white and black shaded squares. The main objective in online crossword is to fill the white empty squares with letters which will form words or phrases by solving clues. At the end of the puzzle all of those clues lead to the answers. The crossword usually comes in newspapers or in a puzzle book. However, thanks to the internet, now you can enjoy free crossword puzzles anytime you want.
Crosswords grids such as those in the North American newspapers feature solid areas of white squares. Every letter is checked and usually each answer must have at least three letters. Grids anywhere else than North America, have a lattice-like structure. Those are with a higher percentage of shaded squares. That means they leave about half the letters in an answer unchecked. Check this: Cribbage • Play Cribbage Game
The design of Japanese crossword puzzles squares commonly goes with 2 extra rules. Shaded cells may not share a side and the corner squares must be white. The Swedish-style uses no clue numbers, as the clues are held in the cells which do not carry the answers. While there are many different kinds of crosswords puzzles, in this site you can find almost any. So whether you opt for a standard puzzle or Japanese puzzle, we've got you covered.
The phrase "cross word puzzle" was originally written in 1862 in the United States. Similar crossword puzzles, for instance Double Diamond Puzzles, appeared first in the magazine St.Nicholas. They were published in 1873. Crosswords in England during the 19th century were of an elementary kind. A journalist from Liverpool, on December 21st 1913, published a word-cross puzzle that gave shape to most of the features of the genre as we know it today. Play this: Risk Online • Play Risk Game
However, let's stop for both history and types of puzzles. We are going to assume that you already know what kind of puzzle you are looking for. That being said, go ahead and play a free crossword puzzles online.
Tags crossword crossword puzzles daily crossword free crossword free crossword puzzles online crossword
Bejeweled • Play Bejeweled Games Online for Free
Jigsaw Puzzles • Play Free Daily Jigsaw Puzzle Game Online
Word Search • Play Word Finder Online for Free
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text:
Bode and Morgan Miller Tearfully Recall Their Daughter's Tragic Drowning: "My Heart Sank"
by Samantha Schnurr | Mon., Jul. 30, 2018 6:34 AM
In the blink of an eye, life for Bode Miller and Morgan Miller had tragically changed forever.
In early July, the couple of six years revealed that their 19-month-old daughter, Emeline, had tragically died following a drowning accident at a neighbor's pool. As the athletic couple recalled in an emotional interview on Today, that fateful day began like any "normal day."
"Every morning, the kids would go swimming and Bode would go swimming with them and they'd be in there for hours and they loved it," Morgan, a volleyball pro, recalled to Savannah Guthrie. Following the swim, the family went to a birthday party and then returned home. While Bode, an Olympic skier, took his oldest daughter to her softball game, Morgan brought Emmy and the boys to their neighbor's house.
"We go over back and forth multiple times a week. They're family to us and it was just a normal day over there," Morgan recalled.
As she described to Guthrie, the boys were playing with toys in a bedroom close by and Emmy was walking the short distance back and forth.
"All of a sudden it was just too quiet for me," Morgan noted. She noticed that a sliver of light was shining through the door that led to the backyard, which had been closed.
Celebrity Deaths: 2018's Fallen Stars
"My heart sank and I opened the door and she was floating in the pool," Morgan tearfully said.
While she immediately jumped into the pool and started CPR on her daughter while her neighbor called 911, their daughter did not survive. She passed away the next day in the hospital.
"The doctor said that her brain had not had enough oxygen for too long of a time," Bode explained.
With the loss of their precious daughter, the expectant parents are thinking of other moms and dads who can prevent such a tragedy in their own lives.
"I think [talking about it] does in some way help to heal a little bit," Bode said. "Maybe we're preventing it from happening to somebody else."
"There's not a day that goes by that I don't pray for the opportunity to go back to that day and make it different, but now we have this opportunity to make other parents' days different," Morgan said. "This should be the number one thing that we talk about."
The two are urging for more conversations to be had about adolescent drowning, which is currently the leading cause of unintentional death for children 1 through 4 years old.
"I've been to all of the pediatricians meetings and checkups on our kids and I can't say it's come up one time—not a single time," Bode added.
The parents had even taken precautions to prevent such an incident at their own house by training their sons and blocking access to their pool with a fence. "I think we did the best with the knowledge that we had," Morgan told Guthrie.
While they advocate for more conversation and preventative measures around child drowning, the couple also has to forge ahead for the sake of their children—and one on the way.
"When they talk about her and they share stories, they always have a smile on their face and they constantly remind us we're still here and it allows us to bring our focus back to the things we still have to be incredibly grateful for," Morgan said. "She brought so much to our lives and now she's helping us bring so much to everyone else's lives."
TAGS/ Death , Top Stories , Apple News , Celeb Kids


To reach new horizons in pursuit of economic stability and sustainable innovation, Europe needs to further develop its human capital and excel in educating future entrepreneurs. Not only needed for starting new businesses, "Entrepreneurship" as a competence is a key for lifelong learning and continuous professional development in "all walks of life".
So, when shall we learn how to think as an entrepreneur? The European and global practice indicates that the most widespread platform for learning about, for and through entrepreneurship remain the university level. Yet, similar to any other skill acquisition, the development of the entrepreneurship competence requires a continuous time and effort investment – the earlier we start, the better result we gain. Therefore, we believe entrepreneurship education (EE) should be encouraged at the earlier stages of formal education.
PIETE will be one of the first European initiatives that actively promotes the application of EntreComp for the development of EE curriculum inside ITE at HEIs.
PIETE aims to foster cross-department partnerships. On an institutional level this means that teacher training departments involved in the project will collaborate closely with a respective HE department responsible for entrepreneurship education in their region.
The intellectual resources within PIETE will be developed as to be adaptable by other (academic) teacher training institutions in Europe that share the same interests and face similar challenges with regards to the inclusion of EE into ITE.


Anyone who talks a lot on the phone needs a high-quality headset from KMS. Whether you're in the car, exercising or on the go, our flexible headsets keep your hands free for more important things. And you can safely talk on the phone. Not to mention the fun you'll have with your favourite music in your ear while you're out and about.
A good design, a perfect fit. You can show that you have a sense of style and modern technology with this Bluetooth headset in an iPhone design. Compatible with all standard smartphones.
It looks good and it sounds good, too: This extremely lightweight, collapsible pair of headphones offers excellent sound quality with high energy-saving Bluetooth 4.0 technology.
Two microphones for noise cancellation; with a five-setting equalizer that lets you choose between rock, pop, classical, jazz and dance music settings.
What's especially cool: The touch control on the ear piece and the casual design in white or black.
The headband is just asking for you to add your advertising message in print.
Velvety soft ear cushions guarantee the highest level of comfort while wearing them. Delivered in a black gift box in a high-quality presentation. What more could you want from a perfect giveaway?
A stylish in-ear headphone set with a cable that looks like a zipper.
The 5949 headphones are made of plastic and textile. The headphones are equipped with a line-in plug and a gilded jack.


text:
Prodoretus granuliceps är en skalbaggsart som beskrevs av Eugène Benderitter 1925.

Prodoretus granuliceps ingår i släktet Prodoretus och familjen Rutelidae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Skalbaggar
granuliceps


text:
Q: an obect (jw player) disappears if I store it in $_SESSION I need to access my JW Player object on different pages of the website to load up playlists.
So I added one line of code and the player vanishes!
<?php $_SESSION['theJwPlayer'] = jwplayer; ?>

I use the following at the top of any page wherever I need to access the $_SESSION:
session_start();

Here's the creation of the player, this works fine, for over a week, except the last line of code:
<script type="text/javascript">

 jwplayer('mediaplayer').setup({
       'flashplayer': 'http://localhost/theWebsite/jwplayer/player.swf',
       'id': 'playerID',
       'width': '480',
       'height': '270',
       'file':  'http://localhost/theWebsite/videos/moto_sounds.flv',
       'image':   'http://localhost/theWebsite/images/banner2.jpg'
   });

 // now save the player in a session variable
 <?php $_SESSION['theJwPlayer'] = jwplayer; ?>

</script>

If I simply remove that one line of php code that stores the player in the _SESSION array, the web page with the player goes back to normal, they way it's been for over a week, stable, the JW player shows up, no problem.  But add this one line and the player vanishes:
I thought sessions automatically serialize objects?   Why is this one line of code 'disappearing' my jwplayer object?
I tried adding the $ before jwplayer, as in
<?php $_SESSION['theJwPlayer'] = $jwplayer; ?>

No change, the player vanishes.  What's happening here?

A: You're trying to store a JavaScript object instance into a PHP variable. That is impossible. The best you could do if you must have the object would be to store the whole bit of Javascript, including the <script> tags, escaping properly, and echoing it out. But you should just include it as another file if you're using lots of places, rather than keeping it in PHP's memory.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


after my last woodspirit carving several members asked if i could do a tutorial on how i do them. be warned, mine are not your conventional happy little faces! i try and replicate the traditional nature of a woodspirit as told in folklore.
pics are not the best, but you get the gist. any questions just post up or pm, be glad to help.
ok just to set the scene here is my little workshop.
these are the various carving tools i use, a selection of Flexcut veiners, v tool and gouges. these along with some Flexcut detail knives are all i need to produce a spirit.
for finishing and tidying i have a few Dremel type bits.
next i figure out where the face is going to be, check that there are no knots in this area, as you dig in it will show as a black dot, the last thing you want on the end of his nose!
right step back and have a squint, if its not quite right alls not lost at this stage, you only gouged lightly. if your happy with it, start gouging the eyes out. start small and enlarge to suit, you cant put it back!
if your happy with the shape then remove the sapwood to form a forehead, remember to put a slight curve on it.
check the profile to make sure you have gone deep enough.
its time to give him a little age now! a small veiner and v tool will put years on him :D.
now we need to extend his beard a little, as before use the v tool to form the outline.
remove the bark and cambrium layer to the sapwood and pencil in the shape of the moustache.
using the v tool take a small groove out, stand back to see if your happy with it.
start removing the wood from inside the cut forming the bottom lip and a suggestion of a chin, remember to work from the centre out to prevent snagging.
from profile you can see the effect you want, the chin vaguely visible.
were getting somewhere now, give it a clean up to remove any loose tags and hairs.
give it a bit of a twist, you dont want it to look like a traffic cone on his head! :rolleyes: we can smooth it with a large spade gouge.
now we can extend that beard outline, use the v tool to give it a little twist as it goes.
take it down to the sap wood, but dont go right down to the end, and gradually ease into the bark to leave a chamfer.
another clean up of any loose bits, take a close look at him now this is your last chance for any alterations prior to staining or linseed oiling.
now i know he looks a mean old git already 😀 but he needs some eyes to really get the effect! this is a bit fiddly, gouging so deep its difficult to form eyes in the conventional way, so i use another method.
with a felt tip mark in his eye socket where the centre of the eyes will be, this is critical it needs to be right! drill two holes in his eye sockets the same diameter as your dowel. cut and shape a piece of dowelling to make a half round on the end, the size depends on the workpiece. drill the centre to create a pupil then cut off 20mm a dab of wood glue on the end and fit it in the socket.


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Voidkoefficienten är ett mått på hur kriticitetsfaktorn i en kärnreaktor påverkas av förändringar i mängden moderatormaterial. Moderatorn kan bestå av till exempel vatten. Voiden, som betyder tomrum, kan öka till exempel genom att moderatorvattnet kokar. Därigenom uppstår ångbubblor som har mycket låg densitet i jämförelse med det omgivande vattnet, det vill säga tomheten ökar.

Voidkoefficienten har stor betydelse för reaktorns egenskaper eftersom den har en återkopplande effekt. En ändring i kriticitetsfaktorn medför en ändring i temperatur och därmed void (genom kokning) med samma tecken. Om voidkoefficienten är negativ fås vid en ökande ånghalt då en sänkning av kriticitetsfaktorn, vilket ger en återförande effekt. Är voidkoefficienten positiv får man vid en ökande ånghalt en höjd kriticitet och en accelererande process. Detta var en bidragande orsak till Tjernobylkatastrofen.

Kärnkraft


Janos Wilder has spent most of his life in the kitchen. How he got there —and why he stayed.
On a warm March morning, Downtown Kitchen + Cocktails is empty. Chef Janos Wilder sits in a booth facing the windows that look out onto Sixth Avenue, his phone lighting up with messages every few minutes.
The day will unfold in a series of meetings, interviews, and installations in The Carriage House, Wilder's new culinary teaching space and dim sum restaurant. The quiet of the morning is quickly broken—a UPS employee raps on the door to deliver a package; a produce truck shows up to unload the day's vegetables; an accountant brings Wilder a stack of checks to sign. From the kitchen comes the clinking of dishes, the clanging of pots, and the smell of a gas range.
Janos huddles with his waitstaff before every shift, reviewing daily specials and new menu items.
Before he is Janos, a 4-year-old John Wilder watches his mother prepare a leg of lamb. The leg is whole, nearly down to the hoof, all of the small bones, gristle, and fat still attached. His mother, Joyce, rubs it in mustard, garlic, and soy sauce. She makes a flour paste and then studs the leg with rosemary. As always, she is without a recipe; intuition is her guide.
It is 1958 in East Palo Alto, California. John's oldest siblings are at school, and his father, Dave, is at work. The kitchen belongs to John and his mother. From the record player comes the smooth crooning of Frank Sinatra. For a moment, Joyce is lost in the music; Sinatra is her celebrity heartthrob. She smiles at John, her youngest son, and twirls him across the kitchen.
John equates the kitchen with love, with mother, with the savory-sweet smell of garlic browning in the oven. As he grows older, he sneaks pieces of meat off the bone when his mother isn't looking. These are memories that John will carry for the next 50 years—as he becomes Janos, moves to Colorado, falls in love and marries; as he works in kitchens in Santa Fe and France and finally lands in Tucson. Just the thought of a leg of lamb floods his senses with nostalgia—he remembers the gamey smell of the lamb, the rosemary, the layers of flavors that permeate the meat as it cooks. For Janos, it is the dish that most expresses the love that can filter through food.
In the 1960s, Berkeley is alive with the civil rights movement. People spill into the streets, carrying signs and chanting. Throughout elementary school, John goes with his parents to community meetings and rallies where they protest housing discrimination and racial segregation. When Martin Luther King Jr. is murdered in 1968, John and his family march through Stanford holding hands with strangers in the street.
In his junior year of college in Boulder, Colorado, where he studies political science, John gets a job as a cook at The Hungry Farmer. It is 1975, and there are so many Johns working at the restaurant that it becomes hard to keep them all straight. Nicknames are doled out by the chef, and he begins referring to John Wilder as Janos. When the chef quits six weeks later, the broiler cook, David Ruby, continues the nickname. David and Janos are two young chefs learning the dance of a busy kitchen. Together they cook fast and well. They are understaffed that summer, and the two must cover the entire line. They cook and plate shrimp, ribs, potatoes, steak, and Rocky Mountain oysters for 450 diners every night. For Janos, the choreography of the pace is exhilarating. Here in the busy kitchen at The Hungry Farmer, Janos lets his new name settle around him.
In the summer, the Colorado mountains smell like ponderosa pine. Gold Hill, population 125, sits 10 miles outside of Boulder. At an elevation of 8,300 feet, steep roads and winter snows keep Gold Hill largely inaccessible to visitors for much of the year. But in the summer, the town buzzes with tourists.
In 1978, Janos meets his future wife, Rebecca, while working at the Gold Hill Inn. Janos is the chef and Rebecca—an artist and weaver who works as the K-3 teacher in the town's two-room schoolhouse—waits tables at the Inn over the summer.
As a chef in a remote community, Janos faces a major sourcing problem: no one will deliver to Gold Hill. Early each morning, Janos walks down the dirt road to take stock of his ingredients at the Inn. Bleary-eyed from late nights spent in the kitchen and partying with friends, he takes his truck down the mountain to Boulder. In Boulder, he visits supermarkets, the butcher, the fish market. On his way back up to Gold Hill, he writes the day's menu in his mind. As he rounds the last mountain curve, the expanse of the Continental Divide opens up in front of him.
Finally, it occurs to him to begin sourcing his ingredients from neighbors in Gold Hill. He notices that someone is growing sorrel and rhubarb; another neighbor has a small garden. Oh my God, he thinks,Maybe I could sleep in. He begins buying vegetables, wild mushrooms, and trout from neighbors, avoiding the early morning trek to Boulder whenever possible. This is the beginning of Janos' interest in local food, and at first, it's just practical. It's sleep-motivated. But the concept sticks, becoming an anchor for his career.
Every summer for the next 30 years, Janos and Rebecca go back to Gold Hill. They hike through the woods, taking in the columbine flowers and the green of fiddleheads unrolling. Their walk is a meditation, a casual hunt for the red-orange of lobster mushrooms and the bright yellow of chanterelles, which they carry back to the old miner's cabin that they now own.
In the morning, while the restaurant remains quiet and unoccupied, Janos Wilder catches up on work is his "office" at Downtown Kitchen + Cocktails.
In 1981, newly married, Janos and Rebecca leave Gold Hill for Santa Fe. They are in their mid-20s, and the world seems to shimmer with possibility. Rebecca studies graphic design and Janos finds a job in a restaurant. They rent a 300-square-foot apartment, a converted stable that still resembles a barn. Too broke to afford furniture, they eat their meals on the surface of a yellow foot locker.
Janos becomes fascinated by French cooking and decides to apprentice under a French chef. He writes letters to the best restaurants in France, offering to intern without pay. One after the other, the restaurant owners say no—except for one, Roland Flourens, who writes that he will be in the United States and asks if he can visit Janos and Rebecca in Santa Fe. In preparation for Flourens' visit, they buy a picnic table for the living room. When Flourens arrives, Janos serves an elaborate multicourse dinner on the couple's wedding china. Flourens, though not entirely sold on Janos' meal, admires his drive and potential, and invites him to France.
Janos is captivated by the smells and sounds of France. For four months, Janos apprentices under Chefs Jean-Pierre Bugat and Didier Pétreau, absorbing the flavors, the technique, the philosophy of French cooking. He goes with the chefs to the outdoor market, where farmers sell produce from the back of their trucks. On one visit, a farmer flags down Chef Bugat and hands him a paper bag filled with the season's first tarragon, saved especially for him. There is a spark to this exchange and Janos is mesmerized. The relationship between producer and chef, he realizes, is the heart and soul of French cooking.
Janos met his wife, Rebecca, at the Gold Hill Inn outside of Boulder, Colorado. Rebecca is a painter and artist and works in a studio in the couple's home.
When Janos returns from France, he and Rebecca leave Santa Fe for Tucson—Rebecca was raised on the border, and they want to stay in the Southwest. In 1983, Janos opens his first Tucson restaurant, Janos,in an old adobe home in El Presidio neighborhood, a national historic district, located adjacent to the Tucson Museum of Art. Soon, it's heralded as one of the top regional restaurants in the United States. The experience is like being pulled through a tunnel—on the periphery, the world is happening, the desert is blooming, but Janos is moving too fast to take it all in. He stops only for a month, in July of 1984, when Rebecca gives birth to their son, Ben. That summer, the monsoons come early and water fills the streets. For a month when Ben is born, there is no restaurant. He and Rebecca focus on the baby, exploring the strange new space of parenthood. In August, Janos goes back to work. Days begin at 6:30 in the morning, and end at 10 or 11 at night. He often has the sensation of never actually leaving the restaurant.
At the restaurant, they make everything from scratch. They bake bread, they can tomatoes, they make pasta. Janos changes the menu every day. Twice a day, before lunch and dinner, he takes a handwritten menu to the copy store, where he uses a typewriter to type the menu before making photocopies.
Janos Wilder sits in the refrigerated seed vault at the Native Seeds/SEARCH conservation center. He has been involved with the seed-saving nonprofit for more than two decades; he's currently the acting chair.
By the age of 30, Janos has spent half his life in the kitchen. His palate is developed; his technique is honed. The flavor profiles of the desert Southwest begin to collide and intersect with his French technique. He studies regional dishes of the Southwest as though they are science projects—chilaquiles, tacos, enchiladas. He takes the chile relleno and reverse engineers it, questions how and why it is prepared the way it is—the batter, the type of chile, how it's roasted. And then he rebuilds it.
In the spring of 2010, Janos is planning the menu for Downtown Kitchen + Cocktails, set to open in October. At the end of April, Governor Jan Brewer signs Senate Bill 1070 into law, which sets off widespread protests against the anti-immigrant legislation. At Armory Park, just one block from the new restaurant, thousands of people gather to protest the law. Janos feels compelled to make a statement against SB 1070, and the new menu is the perfect vehicle. Since his youth, he has experienced the power of protest and the power of food—how it defines home, and how it returns us there, despite time, borders, or miles traveled through the desert.
By now, Janos is conditioned to change. In 1995, he opened Wild Johnny's Wagon, a food truck enterprise well before the era of food trucks. In 1998, Janos relocated to the scenic Westin La Paloma. J Bar was created in the same location in 1999. In 2002, Janos spearheaded Kai at the Sheraton Wild Horse Pass Resort & Spa in Phoenix. And in 2010, Janos returned to downtown Tucson to open Downtown Kitchen + Cocktails.
There is a fire in Janos that keeps him dreaming and creating. Perhaps it's this same fire that has made him a self-professed browbeater in the kitchen. Janos admits to having developed a chef's temperament that he is not entirely proud of. He wants his employees to be great, and cannot understand why anyone would give less than their best. Now, he says, he has softened, perhaps with age, and "would rather inspire people by appealing to their highest selves." Time has also decorated him with numerous awards and recognitions, including a James Beard Award for Best Chef of the Southwest, the MOCA Local Genius Award, and acceptance into the Arizona Culinary Hall of Fame. He is chairman of the board of Native Seeds/SEARCH.
The Carriage House is the latest of Janos' endeavors. A culinary teaching and event space, The Carriage House is the manifestation of a decades-long dream of integrating education and cooking. In October of 2014, Janos was walking back to his restaurant from a meeting when he noticed a 1917 brick building in the alleyway directly behind Downtown Kitchen + Cocktails. He contacted the building's owner immediately. The design process began in May of 2015; construction began in October. In order to function as a restaurant, the space required new plumbing, grease traps, sewer connections, new electrical, gas lines, hoods, and extra ventilation.
The Carriage House's Dim Sum brunch takes its inspiration from Hong Kong tea houses, which feature classy push-carts laden with small plates to share.
Downtown Kitchen + Cocktails. 135 S. Sixth Ave. 520.623.7700. DowntownKitchen.com.
The Carriage House. 125 S. Arizona Ave. 520.615.6100. CarriageHouseTucson.com.
Debbie Weingarten is a freelance writer and the co-founder of the Farm Education and Resource Network (FERN). She serves on the City of Tucson's Commission on Food Security, Heritage, and Economy, as well as the Pima County Food Alliance Leadership Council.


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Home > Journals > WMBORJ > Vol. 25 (2016-2017) > Iss. 4 (2017)
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
Clay Calvert
The Government Speech Doctrine in Walker's Wake: Early Rifts and Reverberations on Free Speech, Viewpoint Discrimination, and Offensive Expression
This Article examines the immediate effects on free expression of the U.S. Supreme Court's 2015 ruling in Walker v. Texas Division, Sons of Confederate Veterans, Inc. involving the government speech doctrine. In Walker, a sharply—and largely partisanly—divided Court upheld, in the face of a First Amendment challenge, Texas's decision denying a private organization's application for a specialty license plate featuring Confederate battle flag imagery. This Article initially reviews the government speech doctrine and Walker. It then analyzes Walker's impact on cases that, like it, involve specialty license plate programs. Next, this Article explores lower court efforts stretching Walker's test for government speech to four very different settings: 1) a public school program that allows banners promoting private businesses to hang on school fences in exchange for monetary donations to the school; 2) highway welcome centers and rest areas offering tourist-oriented literature and advertisements published by private entities; 3) an outdoor lunch program held on public property featuring private food-truck vendors; and 4) the process of federal trademark registration for allegedly disparaging names. Finally, this Article synthesizes the lower courts' analyses in these diverse scenarios, identifying both themes and problems with the doctrine in a post-Walker world.
Clay Calvert, The Government Speech Doctrine in Walker's Wake: Early Rifts and Reverberations on Free Speech, Viewpoint Discrimination, and Offensive Expression, 25 Wm. & Mary Bill Rts. J. 1239 (2017), https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmborj/vol25/iss4/3
Constitutional Law Commons, First Amendment Commons
ISSN: 1065-8254 (print); 1943-135X (online)
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Q: Using package "pcalg" in R, and getting error: "error in pMax[i,j] : subscript out of bounds I'm very, very new to R and am learning for a summer research position. I have a question regarding the correct syntax of the function "pc" in the package "pcalg." I have generated a random DAG using "randomDAG" and I used this code:
R> myDAG<-randomDAG(5, .5)
R> V<-"V1"
R> estEQC<-pc(myDAG, indeptest=gaussCItest, alpha=.01,labels=V, verbose=TRUE)
R> estEQC

And it gives me the message: Error in pMax[i, j] : subscript out of bounds
It must be the syntax that's wrong, right? Or maybe I have a misunderstanding of what these arguments need to be.


USA - Uncertainty looms behind a weakened Purdue University/CME Group Ag Economy Barometer reading in February, with producers less optimistic about current conditions and the commodity price outlook.
The barometer, which is based on a survey of 400 US agricultural producers, declined 7 points to a reading of 136, down from 143 in January.
Read the full February Ag Economy Barometer report here. In this month's report, we continue to follow up with producers who planted soybeans in 2018 on their soybean acreage intentions for 2019 and ask producers, who planted corn in 2018, whether they plan to use one of the commodity support programmes when sign-up becomes available. Each month Dr. Mintert also provides an in-depth analysis of the barometer. That video can be viewed here.


Ok AC Members Time for More Princesses pint size Princesses that is, Enjoy UFO Ultramaiden Valkyrie!!!
UFO Princess Warukyure, aka UFO Princess Valkyrie is about a princess from outer space who accidentally crashes on earth, where Kazuto desperately tries to maintain the public bath of his grandfather.
Due to circumstances, Kazuto receives part of princess Valkyrie's soul which forces her to stay there with him. But that's not the only problem ... because her soul lost strength, the princess transforms both mentally and physically into a little kid!


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