Traces of Tracy Gregory: Ready, Set, Launch! - Become Part of the Excitement!
Ready, Set, Launch! - Become Part of the Excitement!
blood, sweat, and tears have finally paid off! I am ready to present "Ways of War" to the world. If you are interested in historical fiction, and would like to be part of a book launch team, this could be your opportunity to help launch "Ways of War" to the masses.
If you are interested in working with us, please complete the Launch Team Application form below.
I look forward to the next leg of my journey, where I hope to make some good connections. I am excited to see where this road leads, and curious to see who I meet along the way.
Thank you for considering the opportunity to be part of my launch team.
If you're interested in learning more about "Ways of War" click here.
Hi Tracy! Thank you for allowing me the honor of reading Ways of War! I look forward to the day when I can post my review of this fantastic book!


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Other Past Exhibitions
Resident Artists & Photographers
Classes/Outreach
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Galleries Listing
Exhibiting at the Gallery
Friends of Gallery North
FORREST, Andrew
UNLOCKENSPIEL
At the risk of sounding perverse, it could be said that 'Lockdown' was something of a godsend. With other commitments in 'sleep' mode, there was more time to paint: six acrylics and a watercolour of Venice (which I'd visited for the first time last December) and an acrylic of 'L'artiste', a Montmartre restaurant in the Rue Gabrielle that's a stone's throw from Picasso's studio at No. 49. More small acrylics of Montmartre at night are at the planning stage, and I've also made better progress with my book on the artist Harold Swanwick, RI, ROI, RCA, who for many years (1908-1929) lived in Wilmington and had close artistic ties with this part of Sussex.
So Lockdown helped provide the inner and outer space to create new work. But now, sufficiently UNLOCKED, it's great to be back at Gallery North. This 'virtual' stage may be a cautious start, but it is far from tentative.
Andrew G. Forrest, September 2020
andrew.forrest1@sky.com More examples of my work can be seen at www.eastbourneartists.com 01323 721700
'L'Artiste', Rue Gabrielle, Montmartre
Acrylic 24cm x 29cm
Venice: Grand Canal with Palazzo Fontana Rezzonico
Place Pigalle meets Bvd. de Clichy
Acrylic, framed size 26.8 cm x 32 cm
Towards Santa Maria della Salute, Evening Light

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Special celebrity guest appearances, impromptu performances, limited spaces on a reduced number of tables to savour a Michelin Chef's one-off menu, the very last seats to a sizzling hot concert, a first-come, first-served occasion to enjoy unique events or activities – they're all great things to add to an already exciting or indulging holiday, especially when you're given enough notice to take action before these very special deals run out.
That's the point and purpose of this blog collection, to give you the low-down on the juiciest, most unmissable opportunities in some of the world's most desirable travel destinations, as soon as they are made available, advertised or given to our bloggers as an exclusive.
To save you the time of scouring the web high and low looking for the latest deals and hottest special promotions, we group them all here, and we also throw in anything new and fresh we may hear or read about – from one-of-a-kind special activities, fairs, exhibitions or concerts to everything else in between that's exciting, unique or exclusive. We want to shout it out, we want to let it out... you shouldn't be missing out! And this is the space we've dedicated to make you aware of all the travel-related buzz you should know about before heading out!
Now Onyx Resort & Spa is brand new all-suite resort opening in November 2016 and aims to offer a vibrant and active Unlimited-Luxury experience for guests of all ages. The hotel is perfectly located on a pristine beach surrounded by tropical palm trees. Enjoy gourmet dining and unlimited premium brand beverages along with daytime activities and nightly entertainment that provide excitement for all. If you wish for a more relaxing stay then rejuvenate and relax in the Spa by Pevonia. There is an Explorers Club for kids with supervised fun and a Core Zone Teens Club situated within the resort that will ensure the whole family have a wonderful time and create memories that last forever.
Stay at the ultimate five star coastal retreat in the heart of Fujairah, Le Meridien Al Aqah Beach Resort. This all-inclusive resort means you can leave your wallet at home and soak up the Middle Eastern year round sunshine.


If you are looking to buy a Challenger 604 jet this is an excellent example of this fine aircraft. The 4,000-nautical-mile Challenger 604 is the most versatile, most ambitious Challenger yet. An elegant intercontinental aircraft renowned for its comfortable wide body cabin. The Challenger 604 is an athletic, long-distance performer that takes intercontinental leaps in easy stride, so you can act effectively globally. But the Challenger 604 is also a solid transcontinental workhorse with the stamina, power and agility to handle short-range missions with surprising economy and "big jet" speed. Which is why, since it entered service early in 1996, the Challenger 604 has become the world's best selling large business jet.
The owner is very motivated to sell this aircraft and will accept any reasonable offer put forward.


In earlier lessons, we noted that the agricultural mitzvot appear in three contexts, beginning with Vayikra 19, the section of the Torah detailing the mitzvot that help one to achieve holiness. The agricultural gifts to the poor comprise a pivotal component of these mitzvot.
The agricultural gifts are not the only means of support that the Torah commands to provide for the needy. In our non-agrarian society, it is the obligation of tzedaka – monetary support – that is the central focus. Yet while this obligation is seemingly well understood as simply that of charity, its full import can be appreciated only by analysis of how the Torah presents this mitzva – or, perhaps, mitzvot.
Like the agricultural gifts, tzedaka is mentioned explicitly in a number of places in the Torah, underscoring the multifaceted nature of tzedaka. To gain a better appreciation of tzedaka, let us first take a look at these various sections of the Torah and see what we can glean from each.
While the agricultural gifts are contextualized with the words "I am the Lord, your God" (Vayikra 19:10 et al.), and the requirement to lead a holy life, the mitzva of monetary tzedaka focuses on the needs of the other, with the word "brother" constantly appearing in its context. The Torah's main discussion of tzedaka is in Devarim. However, before analyzing that lengthy section, we should note that the concept of tzedaka is mentioned beforehand as well.
Tzedaka is first mentioned even before the Jewish people become a nation, as part of the legacy that Avraham is to impart to his children (see Bereishit 18:19).
This verse can be viewed as the source of a general obligation to provide for synagogues and yeshivot, building and maintaining the spiritual institutions that are the hallmark of Jewish society.
When your brother becomes poor and his ability to support himself fails where he is with you, you shall support him, [even if he is] a stranger or a sojourner, and he shall live with you.
When there is a destitute person among you, any of your brothers, in one of your settlements in your land that the Lord, your God, is giving to you, you shall not harden your heart or shut your hand against your destitute brother. Rather, you shall generously open your hand to him, and extend to him any credit necessary for providing that which he lacks.
Both appearances of tzedaka come in close proximity to discussion of the agricultural provisions for the poor, notably the sabbatical year, during which fields are open to the poor and at whose close all debts are cancelled. With this juxtaposition, the Torah draws a line connecting monetary charity and its agricultural counterparts.
At first glance, the two selections might be understood as two separate models of tzedaka. That from Vayikra is broader in scope, applying even to non-Jews and even outside the Land of Israel, yet demands only basic support for the poor, and even this only on a private level. The selection from Devarim. meanwhile, is limited to Jews in the Land of Israel, and to occasions when a request for assistance is made, but requires supplying anything the person needs.
Rav Shlomo Volbe notes that the undefined call for "providing that which he lacks" indicates that there are no objective standards in tzedaka. Rather, a person must train himself to identify another's needs by listening to him and seeing what he truly lacks. We must appreciate his needs even if for us they are luxuries. (See Alei Shur, Volume II, p. 198.) This subjective requirement is an expression of true concern for our brothers in need.
Since the obligation of tzedaka revolves around brotherhood, there is an order of priorities as to whose needs should be provided first. One's first obligation is to oneself (Rema, Shulchan Arukh YD 251:3). Afterwards, as the verses indicate, come one's family members, according to their degree of closeness, and then the needy of one's city. Since the verses also refer to the poor "in your land," the poor of the Land of Israel receive precedence over the poor of other lands.
Again and again in this chapter the needy man is referred to as achikha, "your brother." Every needy person who stands before you, even if you do not know him, is your brother, a child of your Father in heaven, and when he turns to you, he does so with a letter of recommendation, as it were, from God, who is the Father of you both.
Even more than viewing the needy person as our brother, the ability of the courts to coerce one to give reflects the depth of this mitzva.
Make every effort to give to him, and do not feel bad when you give to him, because for this the Lord, your God, will bless you in all of your deeds and in all of your endeavors.
Notwithstanding, the Gemara (Bava Batra 8b and Ketubot 49b) indicates that a court may force a person to give tzedaka.
A number of Rishonim seek to resolve this difficulty by distinguishing between different types of coercion, explaining that the Gemara refers merely to verbal, not physical, coercion (see Tosafot Bava Batra 8b and Ketubot 49b). Other commentators, however, explain why tzedaka qualifies as an exception to the rule, in the process underscoring the uniqueness of this mitzva.
One of these explanations, that of Rav Chaim Soloveitchik (see Reshimot Shi'urim Nedarim 1:208), makes reference to the distinction we discussed above between the two models of tzedaka. Rav Chaim understands the two passages as referring to different obligations. The passage in Vayikra, says Rav Chaim, speaks of a communal obligation to ensure that all members' minimum needs are met. The model in Devarim, meanwhile, concerns an individual's obligation to open his heart and extend his hand to provide for others' needs beyond the bare minimum, even fulfilling what the needy feel they lack.
The Gemara, then, refers only to coercing individuals to pay their part of a community's tzedaka obligations: its context is a discussion of the tamchui, a communal fund that was collected daily and available to all poor people, and the kuppa, which was collected every Friday and provided for the Shabbat needs of the city's poor. The courts are limited in enforcing the individual obligation found in Devarim, but not the communal obligation that appears in Vayikra.
"When there is a destitute person among you" can be said only to a community, for one cannot say to an individual concerning him alone, "when there is a destitute person among you." On the other hand, "you shall not harden your heart" and the statements that follow are directed primarily toward the individual, as is evident from the choice of expressions in these statements. Thus the mitzva addresses the community and the individual alike. The duty of caring for the poor devolves equally upon the community and the individual, and depends on both.
However, the duty of the Jew does not end there. Also required are the good works of individuals and voluntary relief organizations, for whom and for which there are unending opportunities to perform charitable acts. The task imposed by the mitzva of tzedaka is so great and important that only a combination of these three factors – communal, organizational, and private – can lead to fulfillment.
Our Sages say: Anyone who falls from his wealth does not immediately become a dependent of the community fund (see Nedarim 65b). Rather, first his relatives are obligated to come to his aid, and only if their support does not suffice is the community obligated to supplement their efforts.
The benevolence of individuals is particularly necessary in order to help those who have become impoverished and are ashamed of their financial distress, and in order to meet people's personal needs.
There are, however, needs that only the community can supply. Among them, special mention should be made of ensuring the Torah education of the children of the poor. This has always been considered so much a communal task that people have erroneously grown accustomed to taking the term "talmud Torah" as including only the obligation devolving on the community to provide for the instruction of the children of the poor.
Rav Hirsch goes on to note that the mitzva of tzedaka is preceded by that of ma'sar ani, the agricultural tithe given to the poor in the third and sixth years of the sabbatical-year cycle. The concept of tithing financial profits is derived from this juxtaposition, and this too shows that charity is not only the lot of the community.
Every Jew regards himself as the administrator of a charity fund, large or small, that has been entrusted to his care by God and consecrated to God. Hence, he is pleased when he finds an opportunity to do a good deed with these assets, which are no longer his, but have been entrusted to him for charitable purposes.
The Ketzot Ha-choshen offers another answer to the question of why a court may force one to give tzedaka. He cites a number of sources to show that an individual may be compelled to give tzedaka not in order to fulfill his mitzva of supporting the poor, but by virtue of a tzedaka's lien on his property. Even though the court cannot compel the performance of the mitzva, it can force an individual to pay his debts.
This explanation is fascinating, but why should an individual's obligations to tzedaka be considered a debt? After all, can a person be considered to be stealing from the poor if he decides to use his hard-earned money for his own needs rather than for charity?
This notion of charity does at first seem to be a correct definition of tzedaka. But let us return now to Rambam's definition of tzedaka, mishpat, and chesed that we last saw in Shiur #11. Writing in the penultimate chapter of Moreh Ha-nevukhim, he defines the term chesed as utter beneficence, and mishpat as strict justice. Tzedaka, meanwhile, is between the two other qualities.
The term tzedaka is derived from tzedek [righteousness]; it denotes the practice of giving everyone his due and of showing kindness to every being as it deserves. In Scripture, however, the expression tzedaka is not used in the first sense, and it does not apply to the payment of what we owe to others. Therefore, when we give the hired laborer his wages or pay a debt, we do not perform an act of tzedaka. But we do perform an act of tzedaka when we fulfill those duties towards our fellow men that our moral conscience imposes upon us, e.g. when we heal the wound of the sufferer. Thus Scripture says, in reference to returning the pledge [to the poor debtor], "and it shall be tzedaka for you" (Devarim 24:13). When we walk in the way of virtue, we act righteously towards our intellectual faculties, paying them their due.
Unlike chesed, which entails going above and beyond by doing more than is required, tzedaka means giving everyone his due and giving to every being what it deserves. The act of giving "charity" to the poor is dubbed tzedaka because the giver performs a necessary act stemming from his own moral conscience, which strives for perfection and for positive character traits. When a person behaves in this way, he is performing tzedek towards his own soul. Chesed is the correct term only for an utter favor exceeding that which the soul requires.
Why does the Torah have to write "among you" in addition to writing "any of your brothers?" Perhaps Moshe thus alluded to what we learned in Bava Batra (10a), where the Talmud says that the reason God chooses to afflict some people with economic hardship in this life is to afford their wealthier fellow Jews the opportunity to help such destitute people support themselves with dignity.
Maharal explains that chesed is an act that stems from the giver, while tzedaka stems from the recipient. Thus if a person gives charity to a person who falsely claims to be needy, he is not actually performing tzedaka. This, writes Maharal, is the meaning of the midrashic comment on Yirmeyahu 18:23 that when God seeks to punish people, he ensures that all of their tzedaka goes to individuals who do not truly need the money, so that the mitzva of tzedaka goes unfulfilled.
Maharal adds that one must give tzedaka because one's wealth is the means by which God funnel funds to the poor. When a poor person requests money, he is requesting his own money that is in the hands of others. On a certain level, a needy individual is poor because the wealthy have some of his money.
Performing acts of chesed, though, does not stem from the recipient, but from the giver, who feels a desire to go and give to others more than is theirs. The act of visiting a sick individual, for instance, is one of chesed: the giver does not have in his possession a part of the sick person's health, but nevertheless comes to perform an act of kindness.
There is no explicit source in the Torah for chesed because such a source would undermine the mitzva, which should be inspired by a feeling of wanting to give. There is, on the other hand, an explicit mitzva of tzedaka: the man of means is obligated to provide the needs of the recipient, because he is holding the other man's funds.
In next week's shiur, we will provide one more answer to the question of why a court may coerce a person to give tzedaka. In light of this answer, we will take a fresh look at the Torah's description of tzedaka and hopefully uncover more of the depth of this mitzva, which is so much more than mere charity.
 The following words of Rambam serve to explain the need for two commandments in the Torah requiring the Jews to be charitable. For Ramban (Shichkhat Ha'asin 16), who does not view the first passage as referring to tzedaka, there is no need for such an explanation.
 See also Rambam, Hilkhot Mattenot Aniyyim 7:10, 9:12.
 See also Or Ha-chaim on Shemot 22:24.


"Criminal Mind" - Tyrese feat. Heavy D.
Clipland Forum Other "Criminal Mind" - Tyrese feat. Heavy D.
Message: "Criminal Mind" - Tyrese feat. Heavy D.
I am trying to locate this music video that I was in - September 1999 -- Any ideas of where I can locate it?


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Russia to shut down Nord Stream completely in 10 days
From July 11 to July 21, Russia will completely stop Nord Stream. The gas pipeline along the bottom of the Baltic Sea will be closed for scheduled repairs previously agreed with Gazprom's European partners.
Nord Stream AG will temporarily shut down both strings of the Nord Stream gas pipeline for scheduled preventive maintenance
- said in a press release from the project operator.
The purpose of the event is, in particular, to test the automated systems and mechanical components of the facility, which will ensure further reliable and safe operation of the pipeline.
The day before, the Russian gas corporation noted that the volume of gas supplied through the Nord Stream was reduced due to the lack of a pumping turbine from Siemens. It was sent to Canada for scheduled repairs, but due to anti-Russian sanctions, Moscow was unable to get the unit back. For this reason, the capacity of the gas pipeline at the Portovaya compressor station was reduced from 167 to 67 million cubic meters of blue fuel per day.
Meanwhile, if the issue with the return of the turbine from Canada is resolved, Nord Stream can operate at full capacity as early as August. If Berlin and Ottawa fail to agree, supplies along this line of the gas route may eventually completely stop. This point of view was expressed in an interview with RIA News Ronald Smith, Senior Analyst at BCS Global Markets.
Offline k7k8
k7k8 (vic) 1 July 2022 18: 04
And then forget to turn it on
Offline Observer2014
Observer2014 1 July 2022 20: 12
Yes! What to do if life is boring!
Offline bonifacius
bonifacius (Alex) 3 July 2022 23: 29
Why "forget"? It's just that according to the results of maintenance, there may be a need to replace some equipment that is under their sanctions. Here it is to order. And wait for this sanctioned equipment to be delivered to Rosstu (preferably through Lithuania-Latvia-Estonia).
Offline amon
amon (Amon Amon) 2 July 2022 01: 55
No, no, let Siemens repair the turbine better, until next 2024, bypassing 2023, as they say, reliability is above all, by the way, we are not in a hurry, we have gas!
Offline Ulysses
Ulysses (Alexey) 2 July 2022 23: 03
as they say, reliability is above all, by the way, we are not in a hurry, we have gas!
An adequate business partner should return.
And send the turbine to Canada for repairs.
Repair, repair...
Offline Gadley
Gadley 3 July 2022 02: 51
Correct quality and not quantity first of all
Offline Homeless
Homeless (Vladimir) 3 July 2022 11: 45
This is the most correct and correct decision, let Germany for well ... Canada pulls


Be the center of attention in La Femme 25294! This fabulous velvet formal gown showcases a halter neckline with cutouts at the bust, waist, and back. The fitted silhouette draws the eye down to the thigh high slit. The lack of embellishments allows you to accessorize with shining embellishments!


That is, until her Grade 11 year, when the track and field coach at Ernest Manning High School brought in a pole vaulting coach.
Madison took a risk on pole vaulting, figuring her gymnastic skills could translate to quick success.
Soon enough, she fell in love with the environment of the sport.
Enjoying time with friends outside of the classroom in high school and taking a risk on a sport that looked fun ended up punching Evans' a ticket to Trinity Western University.
However, looking back at her decision to become a Spartan and how that choice changed her life, Evans credits something far bigger than track and field for bringing her here.
Once arriving at TWU in the fall of 2014, Evans wasn't sure where she would fit in on the track team. Even with a bit of vaulting in her background, she wasn't even sure what event she would be doing with the Spartans or even what classes she would take. It was an intimidating first year for Evans.
Little did she know she was quickly improving and making herself known in the pole vaulting community across the Canada West conference.
In Evans' first year, she started with a personal best of 3.20m, but over the course of the season she improved in every meet, before eventually reaching 3.81m.
After only taking up the sport because it looked fun and her friends were doing it, suddenly Evans made nationals in her first year at TWU, where she ultimately cleared another persona best and finished seventh.
Recalling her first year, Evans begins to drift from talking about the performance numbers of pole vaulting and begis talking abut what track and field has taught her as a person. After Evans' first year at TWU, her mindset changed and she began to think a different way.
"My performance does not define me," she says.
As she moved into her second year Evans, she found herself seeking something bigger than just pole vaulting and something more than a once-a-week faith. She was looking for something that would help her develop a more personal relationship with God.
Evans has a new approach to the sport and one than means more than any number could for her. Mirelle Martens, who is Evans roommate and fellow fifth-year track and field teammate, can attest to how much Evans has grown in her faith.
Evans' pole vaulting coach Jamie Sinclair and her share a unique relationship. Sinclair and Evans were teammates for two years. Jamie went on to finish his time at TWU but came back a year later to coach pole vaulting. Evans and Sinclair have now had both the teammate dynamic and the player-coach dynamic.
"In her first year she would always participate and was very open to discuss things within our team bible study and was curious about the difference in denominations." Sinclair recalls. "Now, she leads the women's track and field bible study and is one of the top leaders on the women's side.
Each year at TWU, Evans has grown in her faith substantially, learning lessons on the way and becoming closer to God. Through the years she has found herself focusing on performance, whether that be athletically or academically. As an athlete this is a very hard task, blending your performance with your faith. Evans does it exceptionally and is continually working on it.
Evans is extremely grateful for her experience at TWU.
When talking about this upcoming U SPORTS championship, where she enters the competition as the second-ranked vaulter in the country, Evans simplifies her approach.
In an interview early in the season, she had indeed suggested a pole vaulting goal. "It would be really awesome to jump over four metres." At the Golden Bear Open on Jan. 18, she did just that, clearing 4.00m.
Now, she has her sights set on finishing her TWU career with one final podium pursuit at the national championships.
However, her focus remains much larger than any bar she'll clear.
For Evans, the most important part about being a Spartan is simply demonstrating God's glory by using the gifts He has given her.


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Risk of Atrocities Not Over Despite Aleppo Ceasefire
December 14, 2016, 3 years ago
Children walk together as they flee deeper into the remaining rebel-held areas of Aleppo, Syria December 13, 2016. REUTERS/Abdalrhman Ismail
By Astrid Zweynert and Umberto Bacchi
LONDON, Dec 14 – A plan to evacuate civilians from eastern Aleppo stalled on Wednesday as renewed air strikes and shelling rocked the city.
A ceasefire brokered on Tuesday by Russia and Turkey was intended to end years of fighting in the city, giving Syrian President Bashar al-Assad his biggest victory in more than five years of war.
But air strikes, shelling and gunfire erupted on Wednesday and Turkey accused government forces of breaking the truce. Syrian state television said rebel shelling had killed six people.
Here are the views of some aid agencies and human rights organisations on the humanitarian situation in eastern Aleppo and their concerns for the conflict in Syria.
RICHARD HAMILTON, CARE INTERNATIONAL REGIONAL SYRIA RESPONSE DIRECTOR:
"Civilians must be permitted a free choice as to whether or not to flee fighting, and do not lose their civilian status should they choose to stay in their homes and with their families.
CARE calls for a desperately needed cessation of hostilities not only for Aleppo, but throughout Syria to both allow humanitarian access and medical evacuation in out of areas, including besieged areas which still contain many hundreds of thousands of people.
We can't continue to let the Syrian population fear for their future. Syrian humanitarians ask, 'Aleppo today … which city tomorrow?'
Many are afraid of suffering the same fate as the inhabitants of Aleppo who have been massacred by bombs or those in Daraya who were forcibly evacuated from their city. All they want is to live in peace at home."
EVITA MOUAWAD, HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS ADVISOR FOR THE MIDDLE EAST, MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES (MSF):
"We are also extremely concerned that access to healthcare in east Aleppo has become close to impossible. All the hospitals … have been severely damaged by the bombings in the last months …
The medical staff we are in touch with tell us that they have run out of medical supplies, ranging from very basic supplies such as bandages, to more extensive surgical tools."
LAMA FAKIH, DEPUTY MIDDLE EAST DIRECTOR AT HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH:
"It has been heart-wrenching to hear the desperate pleas for protection from civilians stuck in the inferno that is Aleppo. The Syrian authorities should ensure that civilians are allowed to safely leave the city and to go where they want.
The risk of atrocities in Syria is not over with the government takeover of Aleppo. Unless combatants and commanders on all sides can see that there could be consequences for their unlawful actions, we will see more crimes replay themselves in other places."
ELIZABETH HOFF, WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION REPRESENTATIVE IN SYRIA:
"A large number of these people are injured, sick, exhausted, traumatised and many are wounded. We know that health services in parts of the city they come from were extremely limited and often inaccessible. Given months of neglect, other priorities are to vaccinate children and to treat people with chronic diseases.
People on the move need to have access to health care. We are helping doctors and health personnel to reach as many of these people as possible as fast as possible. This includes the deployment of mobile health clinics and provision of surgical supplies, medicines for acute and chronic diseases."
LYNN MAALOUF, DEPUTY DIRECTOR FOR RESEARCH AT AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL'S BEIRUT REGIONAL OFFICE:
"Over the past year Syrian government forces with the support of Russia have ruthlessly targeted civilians and civilian property including hospitals as a strategy of war as a way to empty the city of residents displaying an utterly callous disregard of international law.
As well as ending attacks on civilians at this critical time it is crucial that the Syrian government and its allies, namely Russia and Iran allow U.N. monitors to be deployed to eastern Aleppo to ensure civilians are protected from revenge attacks and unfettered humanitarian access is granted so that life-saving aid can reach all those in need."
PAUL DONOHOE, SENIOR MEDIA OFFICER, INTERNATIONAL RESCUE COMMITTEE:
"Escaping Aleppo doesn't mean escaping the war. After witnessing the ferocity of attacks on civilians in Aleppo, we are understandably concerned that the sieges and barrel bombs will follow the thousands who arrive in Idlib.
We already know Idlib isn't a safe area of Syria. The attack on a school in Hass in October left 22 children and six teachers dead, and two IRC supported hospitals were attacked in the province in 2016. There is a real danger that such outrages will not only continue but intensify. And unlike with Aleppo, this time the world won't be watching."
GEERT CAPPELAERE, UNICEF REGIONAL DIRECTOR:
"Children in east Aleppo have been living for months with the bare minimum to survive. Too many children have been prevented from life saving vaccination. We are seeing more cases of malnutrition. All children have witnessed violence; too many have been confronted directly with the worst of mankind. Many children have been separated from their families.
The only answer to all that innocent suffering is simple: stop the war and put the rights and interest of children at the heart of decision making."
[aleppo], [aleppo ceasefire], [aleppo evacuation], [russia]
Fall of Aleppo Puts Iran on Cusp of 'Shiite Crescent' of Influence
Swiss High Court Slaps Down Effort to Ban University's Islamic Centre
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Hip hop turned out to be more and more fashionable, and the clothes were also turning out to be less and less counter culture. Before long, even the so-called renowned fashion designers were going to the hip hop culture for inspiration concerning their liens of clothing.
The hip hop fashion turned out to be impacted by traditional African dress in the early 90s. The head wear, big pants, and brilliant colors were all greatly impacted by this style of dress. Nike kept driving the sportswear side of the culture even as Michael Jordan turned out to be a big name in area of hip hop fashion.
Moreover, the starter Jackets turned out to be fashionable, and as a matter of fact was a status symbol in the midst of hip hop aficionados, as they were stolen from retailers more often.
In the early 1990s, the baseball caps were quite notable in the midst of rappers, and were generally worn to the side or backwards. They were brightly colored, as predisposed by African dress.
The Gangsta style that featured the baseball caps, plaid shirts, and Dickie jeans was introduced. Quite often, these clothes would match any color to maintain its support for any locality where clothing color was significant.
Gangsta style advanced towards styles developed in prison, like wearing black ink tattoos, jeans low and sagged, and bandannas, as the 90s moved forward. Trends such as wearing bowler hats, suits, and other clothes were developed by the elite side of hip hop, inspired by the gangsters of old.
The Throwback jerseys were trendy later in the 90s, making the whole style moving more and more mainstream. In the present day, hip hop culture has turned out to be one of the dominating forces in the cultural backdrop of the 1990s.


Six repatriated after being found guilty of attempted kidnapping in Chad.
Under the terms of a judicial co-operation agreement with Chad, they were repatriated to France where they are expected to serve normal prison sentences as French law does not allow forced labour.
The state prosecutor in the Paris suburb of Creteil called for an eight-year prison sentence.
"The most suitable sentence would be eight years in prison," Jean-Jacques Bosc told the court, convened to convert the hard labour sentence.
He said Monday's hearing was a purely technical procedure.
"We are not holding a new trial here. You cannot reconsider the facts or revise the sentences. Taking this path would be to violate an international principle," he said.
But a new trial is exactly what defence lawyers want.
They said before the hearing opened that the Chadian sentences were not valid because they were imposed in what they described as an undemocratic state and after a trial which they said was not fair.
The Creteil criminal court said it would hand down a ruling on January 28.
The aid workers were arrested in October as they tried to fly 103 children, aged one to 10, from eastern Chad to Europe for fostering with families there.
They said they had been on a humanitarian mission to rescue orphans from Sudan's war-torn Darfur region, across Chad's eastern border.
But most of the children were found to have come from families in Chadian border villages who gave them up on promises of education and healthcare for the boys and girls.


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Canada's Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland, is shown ahead of the G7 finance ministers meeting at Lancaster House in London, Friday June 4, 2021. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Steve Reigate/Pool via AP
Economic aid could be extended beyond the fall if recovery falters, Freeland says
As is, measures to extend business and unemployment benefits will be in place until the end of September
Jul. 1, 2021 3:45 p.m.
The country's beleaguered workers and businesses should be able to stand on their own by the fall and no longer need a slew of financial supports come if the economic recovery moves along as expected, Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland says.
The key, though, is the word "should."
As is, the measures to extend business and unemployment benefits will be in place until the end of September after the government's budget bill became law late Tuesday.
An economic rebound is widely expected to take place starting this month, as provinces roll back restrictions and cooped-up Canadians are able to spend more freely on goods and services.
But there are still a number of risks that could pop up between now and then, Freeland says, including the possibility of a fourth wave of COVID-19 that could require a new round of restrictions or lockdowns.
It's why the government still has the right to extend supports until the end of November if necessary. Freeland said nothing is 100-per-cent predictable while the pandemic persists.
Speaking at a news conference Wednesday, Freeland said that uncertainty makes this economic recovery far different than any previous one.
"It's not like turning the lights back on," she said in French. "It might take a while."
In the near term, the winding down of individual benefits shouldn't put a dent in consumer spending because interest rates remain low and costs manageable, while households are sitting on more than $200 billion in savings built up during the pandemic, said Deloitte Canada chief economist Craig Alexander.
However, the drop in income support should push up ratios of household debt relative to incomes, he said, which the Bank of Canada has previously warned could limit Canadians' flexibility to deal with an unforeseen financial shock like the loss of a job.
"The accumulated savings, in a sense, trumps the future rise in debt service costs in the near-term," he said. "That's why despite, increased leverage, consumers are still going to be spending."
The budgetary measures that gained parliamentary approval this week include expanding a Conservative-era income benefit to the working poor that the Liberals expect to lift over 100,000 people out of poverty, a new hiring program to offset payroll costs for companies, and spending to start development of a national child-care system.
A group of child-care advocates and academics called on the Liberals on Wednesday to only send federal funding to non-profit and public daycares, which some provinces have balked at in funding talks.
"It is not going to be a cakewalk. It is going to be complicated to get deals done across the country," Freeland said. "But I am very optimistic and confident we are going to get it done."
All that spending will send the deficit to $154.7 billion this fiscal year, one year after a record-smashing $354.2 billion deficit induced by the pandemic that sent the national debt above $1 trillion.
The parliamentary budget officer said in a report Wednesday that federal finances are sustainable over the coming decades, with room to add spending or reduce taxes by about $18 billion and keeping the debt at 37.7 per cent of overall economy.
The same couldn't be said of provincial and territorial governments. For they most part, they would combined have to find $18 billion to stabilize their collective debt-to-GDP ratio at 28.7 per cent.
Jordan Press, The Canadian Press
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Democrats Chase Evangelical Votes
October 27, 2008 Issue
Led by Obama, Democrats are making a bid for evangelical voters. Lost cause or holy grail?
By Sarah PosnerTwitter
When Barack Obama proclaimed that "we worship an awesome God in the blue states" at the 2004 Democratic National Convention, he sent a tingle through many young evangelical Democrats. The party was set to nominate John Kerry, considered by many evangelical activists to be religiously tone-deaf, but these Democratic faithful were already eyeing Obama as the un-Kerry, an unabashed believer ready to praise God in public.
Two years later, Obama further energized young Christian activists with an electrifying speech at the Call to Renewal Conference, hosted by the evangelical antipoverty group Sojourners. These evangelicals had trained their sights on placing "life" issues beyond abortion on the religious agenda–ending the war, torture, climate change and global poverty. Mara Vanderslice, religious outreach director for the Kerry campaign who now runs the Matthew 25 Network, a Christian political action committee that supports Obama, said the speech marked "a turning point" for the Democrats. No more ceding religion to the Christian right; no more limiting the "values" issues to gay marriage and abortion.
By the time Obama accepted his party's presidential nomination, many more pieces of a Democratic religious revival had been put in place. The DNC launched a Faith in Action initiative to organize faith communities around the party's values. It appointed Leah Daughtry, a faith-healing Pentecostal minister, to chair the party's 2008 convention, which for the first time kicked off with an Interfaith Gathering and included meetings of a newly formed Faith Caucus. The Obama campaign started a Religious Affairs Department, began conference-call prayers and campaign dispatches on faith and values, and launched local American Values Forums, where campaign surrogates discussed how Obama's faith shapes his commitment to public service. In mid-August, Obama appeared with John McCain at mega-pastor Rick Warren's Saddleback Church to answer questions about his policies and his religious beliefs. And in late September, Obama kicked off a Faith, Family and Values tour, through which prominent antichoice evangelical and Catholic endorsers traveled the country to make the case for Obama.
The Democrats, it seems, have finally gotten religion. But at what cost?
To be sure, Obama and the Democratic Party are not out to mimic the cynical alliance between the GOP and the religious right, either in tone or in strategy. Their outreach does not hinge on a theocratic fantasy that would replace the Constitution with the Bible but on portraying Obama's progressive values on healthcare, the economy and the environment as rooted in his strong faith. Joshua DuBois, the campaign's national director for religious affairs, says, "We try to strike an appropriate balance between acknowledging religious institutions and doing what has too often been done by others in the past: going to churches and asking for a church directory" to cull for voters. Instead, through the American Values Forums, the campaign, says DuBois, is "building a network of lay people of faith who can reach out to their communities and bring more people into the campaign."
These outreach efforts may counter the right-wing myth that Democrats are anti-religion, at least among progressively inclined believers, but it's unclear whether they will shift enough religious voters to alter the electoral map. Indeed, most polls indicate that Obama's God-talk has not helped him win over a greater share of white evangelicals and white Catholics than Kerry garnered in 2004. Fewer evangelicals are registered Republicans than in 2004, but the movement has been to the independent column, not to Democratic Party affiliation.
According to two seminal surveys of religion and politics–the Pew Forum's Religious Landscape Survey and Calvin College's National Survey on Religion and Public Life–roughly one-quarter of the adult white population is evangelical. Half of them are conservative politically, tend to be fundamentalist about their religion and are aligned with the religious right; about a third are more moderate and independent politically and tend to take a less literalist approach to the Bible; and about one-fifth are progressive politically and see religion through a more modern lens. In 2000 George W. Bush got 68 percent of the white evangelical vote; in 2004 he got 78 percent.
Over the summer, polls showed a higher number of evangelicals were "persuadable" this year than in 2004. But since that time, the number of undecided evangelicals declined substantially, to 8 percent, even before McCain tapped religious-right darling Sarah Palin as his running mate. According to John Green, senior fellow at the Pew Forum, "This is because they have been moving into the McCain column. However, many evangelicals who say they will vote for McCain lack enthusiasm for him–so in this sense they are still 'persuadable.'"
The selection of Palin appears to have helped solidify this vote for McCain, but still, even a modest conversion of the remaining persuadable evangelicals to the Democratic column could make a crucial difference. "Obama may not have the same opportunity to woo evangelical voters as he did previously," Green says. "Still, if Obama were to attract a substantial portion of these McCain voters, it would be very positive for his campaign."
In several important swing states, the number of white evangelicals matches or exceeds the proportion of evangelicals nationwide, including Ohio (26 percent), Michigan (26 percent), Colorado (23 percent), Virginia (31 percent), Florida (25 percent) and New Mexico (25 percent). The evangelicals in these states tend to be less conservative than their Bible Belt brethren, and the more moderate ones are considered to be up for grabs. Catholics, another crucial swing group, make up about a quarter to a third of the population in Pennsylvania, Florida and Ohio.
Obama's Faith, Family and Values tour takes aim at these battleground states, with popular evangelical author Donald Miller, former Congressman Tim Roemer and former Reagan official Doug Kmiec (both antichoice Catholics) stumping under the slogan "Vote ALL Our Values." But even in the midst of the financial crisis, which created an opening for religiously informed discussions about economic justice, the Faith tour has struggled at times. A pre-launch event held by Shaun Casey, Obama's evangelical outreach coordinator, in the conservative stronghold of southwest Virginia, home to the late Jerry Falwell's Liberty University, drew just twenty-five people.
Peeling away moderate and conservative evangelicals with a message of public service and social justice may prove to be a challenge, even with evangelical discontent with the GOP. But Robert Jones, author of the new book Progressive and Religious, maintains that "the real numbers are yet to be seen…there are still double-digit uncommitted voters. Those folks who aren't knee-jerk partisan voters will wait it out." Jones admitted that in 2006 "most of those evangelicals came home to the Republican Party," but he is not so sure this year. "The story will be where the uncommitted evangelicals break…I think we will see numbers breaking in a way that will surprise people."
Creating such a surprise has been the goal of Jones and some of the clients of his consulting firm, Public Religion Research, which has worked with new organizations in Washington to promote a broader religious agenda. One of his clients, Faith in Public Life (FPL), a nonprofit incubated at the Center for American Progress after the 2004 election, was at the forefront of promoting a more robust discussion of faith in this year's presidential campaign. Throughout the season, FPL has advanced the story line that less conservative religious voters are not only keen on having their voices heard in the public square but also on hearing about how presidential candidates' values guide their policy decisions. FPL organized the Compassion Forum at Messiah College in April, at which Obama and Hillary Clinton were put to the test of establishing their religious credentials, and pressed for the one at Warren's Saddleback Church.
Another one of Jones's clients, the centrist think tank Third Way, partnered with prominent evangelicals to produce an October 2007 white paper, "Come Let Us Reason Together," on how progressives and evangelicals could find common ground on divisive culture-war issues like abortion and gay rights. (Jones was a co-author.) FPL played a key role in promoting its signers, evangelical centrists like David Gushee, president of Evangelicals for Human Rights and professor of Christian ethics at Mercer University; Jim Wallis, president of Sojourners, who moderated two of the four Faith Caucus panels at the DNC; and Joel Hunter, the Florida mega-church pastor and registered Republican who gave the benediction on the closing day of the DNC. All three have been promoting evangelical interests in non-culture-war issues, with Gushee focused on environmental issues and ending torture, Wallis emphasizing fighting poverty and Hunter addressing environmental issues.
"Come Let Us Reason Together" focuses on an issue that is anathema to the religious right, and may also spoil Democratic chances to peel off moderate evangelicals and Catholics–abortion. The white paper stresses the value of abortion reduction, and while no reproductive rights groups were openly critical of it, none endorsed it. Wallis and Hunter lauded the adoption of the abortion reduction plank in the Democratic platform, hailing language that they said was included after religious leaders' input. (Reproductive rights advocates also declared victory, claiming the strongest prochoice plank in party history.) In his acceptance speech, Obama tried to straddle the line between his prochoice base and the religious abortion-reduction advocates: "We may not agree on abortion, but surely we can agree on reducing the number of unwanted pregnancies in this country."
Obama's record on reproductive rights will likely drive away staunchly conservative antichoicers, but his rhetorical shift away from reproductive rights and toward abortion reduction was clearly aimed at religious moderates and evangelicals. Still, some abortion-reduction proponents were not satisfied. Steven Waldman, editor of the religion website Beliefnet, castigated the party at a convention panel. Religious progressives who have energized the party should also be "challenging the party," he tsk-tsked. "Catholics and evangelicals agree with Barack Obama on 80 percent of issues, but the thing that's holding them up is they think he's an extremist on abortion." Although the abortion-reduction proponents are critical of the Republicans' hardline antiabortion plank, they maintain that Obama has not gone far enough. Gushee said, "I'm not convinced Obama is going to spend energy and capital" on abortion reduction. "You don't have credibility with centrist evangelicals," Gushee adds, "if you don't spend some capital on it. It's really hard to explain how deep the sense of revulsion and sorrow is in mainstream evangelical communities about abortion."
But even if Obama's courtship of evangelicals and Catholics succeeds in smoothing over this sticking point, is it a wise strategy? By emphasizing their religious credentials, Democrats are implicitly buying into the right's phony charge that Democrats hate religion (see Ronald Aronson, "All Ye Unfaithful," page 52) without necessarily shifting the terms of what it means to be religious. The hazard of this approach was highlighted by the question at the Saddleback forum that caused Obama the most trouble: whether life begins at conception, a question framed by the culture-war rhetoric Warren has claimed to eschew. After the forum, Warren told the Wall Street Journal that there was no philosophical or theological difference between him and James Dobson, only a difference in tone, and he made clear in that interview, and others, that abortion remained a deal-breaker for evangelicals considering a vote for Obama.
Obama's religious supporters insist that emphasizing the candidate's adherence to Jesus' social justice teachings is the key to winning over more religious voters. But economic justice is at the heart of the progressive agenda, with or without a religious imprimatur. If social justice, and not abortion, is indeed the primary issue for religious voters, Obama should be able to reach them–without a gospel stamp of approval.
Sarah PosnerTwitterSarah Posner is a Reporting Fellow with the Investigative Fund and expert on the intersection of religion and politics.


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Top 10 New Sports You Should Try in a Post-COVID World
Josh Dhani July 19, 2021 0
With more people allowed out and about, it's easy to see why they'd want to be a little more active. That doesn't mean that everyone wants to get back to the same old sports and exercises.
Instead, they want to try something new. You might be surprised to learn that there are quite a few relatively unknown sports that have active communities. As a result, they're likely to have clubs or teams somewhere near you.
If you want to be active but you don't want to go for the obvious choices, such as football, then you might want to give these a look.
While you mightn't have heard of pickleball, it's been growing in popularity in the past few years. To boil it down to basics, this is a combination of ping pong, tennis, and badminton. All you'll need to play it is a pickleball paddle, a ball with holes in it, and a slightly altered tennis net.
Though you can play this indoors or outdoors, it's recommended that you do so on a badminton court. Doing so should let you take full advantage of the fun that the sport offers. Like tennis, it can be played by all ages and you can double-up on it.
The more space you have to play pickleball with, the better. You could, however, play it in small places, although this isn't too recommended.
Pickleball is also one of the youngest sports that you can find, as it's only about 65 years old. While it's mostly popular in Canada and the United States, its international popularity has been growing recently.
You'll have to spend a little while learning the basics, but you should find yourself having fun in almost no time.
Many people think of softball as somewhat of a child's sport. That's because it's relatively similar to baseball, although with a bigger ball and smaller field. There's still just as much fun, however, and you'll need to put in just as much effort.
There are also multiple recreational leagues for adults, so you shouldn't have a problem joining a team. These seem to be much easier to find than baseball ones, and they're also easier to join.
For some low-risk fun, this could be worth considering.
You might think that hockey can only be played in an ice rink. That's not the case, as street hockey can attest. Also known as ground hockey, they can be played on almost any street. Naturally, you'll need to make sure that there isn't any traffic so you can do so safely.
An empty lot or something similar could be better recommended. Street hockey is played almost exactly the same as the ice-based version, so you wouldn't have to learn any new rules.
While you might need to pick up some skates to play properly, the only other things you'll need are a puck, goals, and your stick.
Blind Soccer
While blind soccer is typically played by the visually impaired, that doesn't mean that nobody else can play. You'll naturally have to wear eye shields or some other blindfold, you can still join in.
In many cases, this can add to the fun, alongside creating a bonding experience if you have any friends or family with visual impairments. Naturally, this is played on a smaller field than traditional soccer, so there'll be less running around.
Though blind soccer is primarily enjoyed in Brazil - which has what's often considered the best blind soccer team - it's becoming much more popular in the United States and other countries. That should mean that you wouldn't need to spend too much time finding a team to join.
There are multiple other sports you can do this with, too, so they could be worth looking into.
Handball is another sport that many people see as relatively childish. It's a lot more serious than you'd think, however, with there even being an Olympic league. If you've never played this before, you should think of it as a mix between soccer and basketball.
The goals are typically set up like soccer goals, and players use their hands to play, as the name suggests. You can play this almost anywhere that you can set up two goals. As such, it's one of the easier games to play, regardless of where you are.
If you want something just for a holiday or to keep entertained during the summer, this could be the right option.
There are quite a few people who've always wanted to play football but don't want to deal with the potential injuries. That's an understandable decision. You don't need to feel disappointed if you fall into this camp.
Instead, you could try flag football. This features all of the typical rules and fun that you'd expect with the standard sport. Instead of tackles, however, the opposing players will have to tear a flag off of your body. These are typically attached to your waste.
As a result, you'll still play football the way it's normally played, except without the tackles. All fun and almost no risk.
Frisbee mightn't be the first thing that comes to mind when you think of fun sports. There's a bit of a difference with ultimate frisbee, though. While there are more rules than its standard counterpart, there's also a lot more fun.
Keeping active is a large part of this, so you'll also get a good workout when you're playing. Naturally, the more people that are playing, the more fun you're likely to have. You'll also need to have as much space as possible.
If you have a spare few hours to spend at the park with friends, then it's worth picking up a frisbee and giving this a go. It'll be more fun than you expect, and there are even some teams you could join if you like it.
Though rock climbing has exploded in popularity in the past few decades, it's not for the faint of heart. If you like a bit of a thrill, however, then it's one of the more recommended extreme sports that you can try.
That doesn't mean that you should try to climb any rockface, though. There are plenty of indoor places for you to practice and get better at it. That's a much better option to try, as you'll then be prepared for any riskier rock faces you come up against.
It's also much safer, as there'll be safety equipment and trained professionals to keep an eye on you.
Unfortunately, the majority of water sports tend to be done by individuals. If you're looking for something more team-focused, though, then water polo might be the right choice for you. Essentially, this is a water-based version of handball.
Though you'll have to put a lot more effort to play this right, that doesn't take away from the fun. You'll also get a significant workout, as you'll need a lot of stamina to keep going during a game.
After all, treading water for that long isn't exactly easy. It's also a great option if you're on holiday and you're relaxing at the pool.
Curiosity can be a great thing, especially when it leads to something that you enjoy for years. If you're a sports lover, then you should end up loving a few of the above.
What's stopping you from giving them a try?
While some might seem a little unexpected, that could make them all the more enjoyable. Fresh air, exercise, and some fun await.
What's stopping you?
Coronavirus Culture Handball Hockey Lists Michael Vick NFL NHL Pickleball Soccer Sports


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You don�t absolutely have to buy a wok to create satisfying Chinese meals, but this bowl-shaped utensil has several key advantages: They spread heat evenly, they use less oil for deep-frying than a traditional deep-fat fryer and you can use a wok and bamboo steamer to steam food of Chinese buns.


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David Aumann
Everything posted by David Aumann
Lachenal Anglo steel reeded in keys A-E
David Aumann replied to d.elliott's topic in General Concertina Discussion
I have a 20 key, rosewood ended Lachenal in A/E. Serial number 57778, labelled Thos Dawkins. It's the original tuning as reed stampings correspond to actual pitch. It has the Lachenal trademark. Probably dates to about 1879(?) Found in a bric a brac shop in northern Tasmania.
Dating A Lachenal From The Serial Number
David Aumann replied to johnconstable's topic in Concertina History
It's about 1877, but I defer to those who know more than me. It's the upper end model of Lachenal & Company's 20-key range. A very nice concertina.
UPS Nightmare
David Aumann replied to pentaprism's topic in General Concertina Discussion
For what it's worth: I bought a concertina from a UK auction last week. For 35 GBP, UPS collected it on 17 Sept, protected/boxed it VERY well, and delivered it by courier to my home in Melbourne, Australia yesterday , 23 Sept. It was easy to track all the way through Denmark, France, Kentucky, Hawaii and Sydney via their app. I couldn't fault the service.
Repair of a basket case Lachenal
David Aumann posted a topic in Instrument Construction & Repair
First, can I say that if this is not an appropriate post, I'm happy for administrators to remove it. A year or two ago I bought a Lachenal anglo from Gumtree, an Australian market site. It was a rosewood-ended model with extensively damaged ends, the missing fretwork replaced by some black "bog". The bellows were made of leather that had degraded much more than usual and a previous owner had tried to preserve whatever life they had left by re-papering them with floral wallpaper, supplemented by sticking plaster and even a couple of Band Aids! Internally a few pads were missing, replaced with medical gauze (!?) Needless to say, it didn't play. The major damage present made me think its serial number of 60911 was somewhat appropriate. All reeds were present and the reed pans and action boards looked better than I anticipated. So, although I only bought it for spare parts, I decided to restore it. Regretfully, I didn't photograph the bellows in their original sorry state. I thought I could make a set using Bob Tedrow's instructions on the internet. So its original 5-fold bellows became 7-fold bellows with the folds 1 1/8" deep. I replaced the old chamois with new. I made a cardboard/felt/soft leather sandwich and cut a set of pads using a cutter I made that fits on my drill press. I thought I was going to have to hand cut a set of ends, but as luck would have it, one of your members, David Hornett, had a pair that was the same fret pattern. The only snag was that the eBayer who sold the ends to him had cut them from a concertina by fret sawing around the inside of the end frame. This meant they were too small, and all the corners were slightly rounded where they'd been cut around the original concertina's interior strengthening wedges. So I ground each corner flat and made a small filler piece to regain the original hexagonal shape, which still needed over ¼" added to each edge in order to fit my concertina. Because the rosewood was rather dark, I used ebony for the edge pieces, thinking that amber French polish would make them a not-too-bad colour match. I steamed the broken ends off my concertina and used the buttons on each end as a method for centering the now-oversized new ends. With a guitar binding jig I trimmed the edges flush and then cut a chamfer around the edge. Now, from arm's length, it looks okay and it plays! No doubt it will outlast me. I'm no repair expert, so there may have been better ways to do the things I've done. I'm happy to hear … I'm attaching a few pics of the process.
Stephen, the construction of the one good end is typical Lachenal anglo construction. Undo the bolts and the end splits in half, revealing the action. Take the whole end off and you get to the radial reed pan.
George Jones or Crabb?
David Aumann replied to Alex West's topic in Concertina History
"But. of course, the earliest Jeffries concertinas were made by George Jones" I didn't know that. I have a concertina here that, to my untrained eye, looks a bit similar to the concertina at the start of this post. I was told was a Shakespeare, but it has a Jones action, no serial number, trapdoor air button (as on another Jones I've seen), and the ends are Jeffries pattern but cut coarser. My simplistic understanding was that Shakespeare was an assembler of parts that could have been bought from a variety of sources (or that "a Shakespeare" was a convenient way of describing a hard-to-identify non-thoroughbred concertina.) I'm just posting because of the similarity to Alex' post.
Thank you so much, Dowright.
Hello Dowright, can you please date a Lachenal a 28-key anglo serial number 70510. It's the one shown a couple of posts further up the page, with all buttons on one end? I think Lachenal only began anglo production about 1862, so I'd hazard a guess at 1870-1880, but I'm curious. Thanks, David
Can I get help dating this weird Lachenal that I have posted here twice before (1999 and 2014). It's a 28-key instrument with all buttons on one end and nothing on the other. Serial number is 70510. Thanks so much.
28-Key Lachenal - All Buttons On One End.
David Aumann replied to David Aumann's topic in Concertina History
I'm bringing this out of mothballs one more time, because I put up a posting on the Australian group Concertina Convergence and it caused quite a bit of interest. Thinking along the lines of an instrument for an amputee (or vaudevillian, or other player who could only use one hand for whatever reason), I'm wondering if someone can put a reasonably accurate date on the instrument. Its serial number is 70510. I took a wild guess at circa 1890 as a date and, as Malcolm Clapp rightly said, this would be too early for a soldier returning from the Boer Wars. But the Brits were involved in may other skirmishes in the late 1800s, including the Burmese War, Zanzibar, Tibet, India, Sudan, Boxer Rebellion and maybe others. It's all a bit academic but it gives me something to think about! Thank you to all past responders who came up with some fabulous theories and snippets of information.
lachenal
unique?
one-ended
Wanted: George Jones Plaque
David Aumann replied to Fourest's topic in Buy & Sell
There was a similar post three or four years ago which culminated in a scanned image of a Jones label. Check this: http://www.concertina.net/forums/index.php?showtopic=15501 You might have to "distress" it a little ...
Identify This Concertina
David Aumann replied to Chris Ghent's topic in Concertina History
Hi Chris, No, it's here in Melbourne. The repair note inside it had the date 3/1/85 (I think it says) and the maker is "3 doors East of York Hotel". I found this:The very first of them (the Adelaide hotels) was built here within a year of the foundation of the city and soon became THE place for travellers to stay. Any person of note made the York Hotel their headquarters, and as its reputation grew so too did the hotel. A smoking room, a card room and a new dining room were added for the state's jubilee in 1887. Many wealthy and retired gentlemen also made this hotel their home, including a Dutch Admiral who could be seen on most days in the mid 1860's in full naval dress, pacing up and down the balcony! The lease for the York Hotel was ultimately purchased by William Gibson who had grand plans for the site, and he demolished it to make way for an impressive building to house both a new luxurious hotel and an emporium. From this description, it seems reasonable that the repairer would describe his location in terms of the York Hotel. Foy and Gibson eventually bought the land and replaced the hotel with a department store in 1920. So this must be an 1885 repair. I wondered if blocking off the novelty buttons was part of it, and when that scrap of newspaper dated from. I found this: Philip M. Sharples (1857-1944) was the inventor and manufactuer of Sharples Tubular Cream Separator which sold worldwide including Australia from the 1890's to the 1930's. The machine which separated the rich butter fat from the raw milk was manufactured by Sharples Separator Co. David
I have now had a better look at this concertina, and photographed it from several angles for your perusal. I think it HAS to be an early Jones. There is no serial number I can see, unless a hand written 5614 on the left hand reed pan could be it. One interesting thing is that it was tuned and repaired in 1885 by someone called H Drechuls (??) from Rundle St, Adelaide. Has anyone heard of him? I think I'll just post the photos and ask for comment.
The strap on the solid end looks like a bit of bush carpentry to me. It's certainly not an original fitting. It's held on by two round-headed "nails" that look a bit like thumb tacks. Thanks to all who are contributing to this post. I know nothing of its origin nor the purpose for which it was built, so all of these suggestions and comments are really interesting! Regards, David
Thank you for this! Something like that had never occurred to me. This instrument is in C/G, and is exactly the same as if it were a regular 28-key Lachenal with the left hand just transposed across to the right hand side. Just like on the linked chart (for 30 key Wheatstone) but with notes from both hands run together and without the two outside buttons on the accidental row. Thanks for taking an interest! David
David Aumann posted a topic in Concertina History
I put this instrument up ten years ago. It's still sitting in my cupboard. I don't know what it is and I don't know what to do with it. It's a rosewood-ended Lachenal, serial number 72000-odd. 28 buttons, all on one end, only a flat wooded panel on the other. 12-fold bellows, about 7 3/4" across the flats. Most likely a one-off instrument, I can only surmise what it may have been made for ... perhaps an amputee soldier returning after the Boer (?) War, or perhaps a vaudevillian who could play concertina with one hand while doing something else with the other? Dating this one could be an important clue, because it might add weight to the returning soldier theory, but when does 72000 date from?
Lachenal Peerless
Thanks to Blue Eyed Sailor and Chas. Both very helpful.
#Lachenal
#Peerless
#Murdoch
I have a Lachenal Peerless 30 key anglo. Its label is only half there. Serial number 96700. It's in need of a bellows re-bind, de-rusting and tuning of the reeds. A few end bolts are broken, not sure how/why. Anyhow, does anyone out there own a similar instrument with an intact label that I could get a copy of? Here's mine ...
1860's Photo of Concertine-related instrument?
David Aumann replied to photoguy's topic in Concertina History
On eBay now ... http://www.ebay.com/itm/ANTIQUE-VICTORIAN-FRENCH-FLUTINA-ACCORDIAN-SQUEEZE-BOX-BRASS-MOTHER-OF-PEARL-/221611741985?pt=LH_DefaultDomain_0&hash=item339916d321
I think I know the whereabouts of this concertina! It's still in this condition. The extra buttons are whistles and other stuff, but stopped from working by a bit of newspaper strategically placed. Same side vents, papers, button arrangement (from memory) and the brass plates on the upper outer edge of the hex end. I think I'll see if the owner will let me take the end off, with my camera handy!
Could This Be A Jones Concertina?
Hello Greg, Nope, no stamped-in serial number, which is a reason for doubting that it's Jones. On the inside of the action boards there is a (presumably) batch number; L 11 and R 11. No other clues, I'm afraid. Cheers, David
Here's a 38-key anglo made to look a bit like a Jeffries. It's 6.25" across the flats, so a little larger than Jeffries. The fretwork is like Jeffries but a bit coarser in execution. The layout of the buttons, levers and reedpan are the same as Jeffries, except that a few reeds are mortised into the reedpan instead of being screwed on. There's no serial number, but possibly a batch number and no maker's name. The most distinguishing features are (1) the air button, where an s-shaped piece of wire presses on a spring-loaded trapdoor and (2) the riveted action, which looks like a Jones action to my untrained eye. Any thoughts?


The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (Free Ebook) is the original title of a novella written by the Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson that was first published in 1886. The work is commonly known today as The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, or simply Jekyll & Hyde. It is about a London lawyer named Gabriel John Utterson who investigates strange occurrences between his old friend, Dr. Henry Jekyll, and the evil Edward Hyde. The work is commonly associated with the rare mental condition often spuriously called "split personality", referred to in psychiatry as dissociate identity disorder, where within the same body there exists more than one distinct personality. In this case, there are two personalities within Dr Jekyll, one apparently good and the other evil. The novella's impact is such that it has become a part of the language, with the very phrase "Jekyll and Hyde" coming to mean a person who is vastly different in moral character from one situation to the next.
Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is a gothic novella by Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson, first published in 1886. The work is also known as The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, or simply Jekyll & Hyde. It is about a London lawyer named Gabriel John Utterson who investigates strange occurrences between his old friend, Dr Henry Jekyll, and the evil Edward Hyde. The novella's impact is such that it has become a part of the language, with the very phrase "Jekyll and Hyde" entering the vernacular to refer to people with an unpredictably dual nature: usually very good, but sometimes shockingly evil.
Inspiration may also have come from the writer's friendship with Edinburgh-based French teacher Eugene Chantrelle, who was convicted and executed for the murder of his wife in May 1878. Chantrelle, who had appeared to lead a normal life in the city, poisoned his wife with opium. According to author Jeremy Hodges, Stevenson was present throughout the trial and as "the evidence unfolded he found himself, like Dr Jekyll, 'aghast before the acts of Edward Hyde'." Moreover, it was believed that the teacher had committed other murders both in France and Britain by poisoning his victims at supper parties with a "favourite dish of toasted cheese and opium".
Louis Vivet, a mental patient who was suffering from dissociative identity disorder, caught Frederic W. H. Myers's attention and he wrote to Stevenson after the story was published. Stevenson was polite in his response but rejected that reading. As was customary, Mrs Stevenson would read the draft and offer her criticisms in the margins. Robert Stevenson was confined to bed at the time from a haemorrhage. Therefore, she left her comments with the manuscript and Robert in the toilet. She said that in effect the story was really an allegory, but Robert was writing it as a story. After a while, Robert called her back into the bedroom and pointed to a pile of ashes: he had burnt the manuscript in fear that he would try to salvage it, and in the process forced himself to start again from nothing, writing an allegorical story as she had suggested. Scholars debate whether he really burnt his manuscript; there is no direct factual evidence for the burning, but it remains an integral part of the history of the novella.
Stevenson re-wrote the story in three to six days. A number of later biographers have alleged that Stevenson was on drugs during the frantic re-write; for example, William Gray's revisionist history A Literary Life (2004) said he used cocaine while other biographers said he used ergot. However, the standard history, according to the accounts of his wife and son (and himself), says he was bed-ridden and sick while writing it. According to Osbourne, "The mere physical feat was tremendous and, instead of harming him, it roused and cheered him inexpressibly". He continued to refine the work for four to six weeks after the initial re-write. The novella was written in the southern English seaside town of Bournemouth, where Stevenson had moved due to ill health, to benefit from its sea air and warmer southern climate.
One night in October, a servant sees Hyde beat to death Sir Danvers Carew, another of Utterson's clients. The police contact Utterson, who leads officers to Hyde's apartment. Hyde has vanished, but they find half of a broken cane. Utterson recognizes the cane as one he had given to Jekyll. Utterson visits Jekyll, who shows Utterson a note, allegedly written to Jekyll by Hyde, apologising for the trouble that he has caused. However, Hyde's handwriting is similar to Jekyll's own, leading Utterson to conclude that Jekyll forged the note to protect Hyde.
For two months, Jekyll reverts to his former sociable manner, but in early January, he starts refusing visitors. Dr Hastie Lanyon, a mutual acquaintance of Jekyll and Utterson, dies of shock after receiving information relating to Jekyll. Before his death, Lanyon gives Utterson a letter to be opened after Jekyll's death or disappearance. In late February, during another walk with Enfield, Utterson starts a conversation with Jekyll at a window of his laboratory. Jekyll suddenly slams the window and disappears.
In early March, Jekyll's butler, Mr. Poole, visits Utterson and says Jekyll has secluded himself in his laboratory for weeks. Utterson and Poole break into the laboratory, where they find Hyde wearing Jekyll's clothes and apparently dead from suicide. They find a letter from Jekyll to Utterson. Utterson reads Lanyon's letter, then Jekyll's. Lanyon's letter reveals his deterioration resulted from the shock of seeing Hyde drink a serum that turned him into Jekyll. Jekyll's letter explains that he had indulged in unstated vices and feared discovery. He found a way to transform himself and thereby indulge his vices without fear of detection. Jekyll's transformed personality, Hyde, was evil, self-indulgent, and uncaring to anyone but himself. Initially, Jekyll controlled the transformations with the serum, but one night in August, he became Hyde involuntarily in his sleep.
Jekyll resolved to cease becoming Hyde. One night, he had a moment of weakness and drank the serum. Hyde, furious at having been caged for so long, killed Carew. Horrified, Jekyll tried more adamantly to stop the transformations. Then, in early January, he transformed involuntarily while awake. Far from his laboratory and hunted by the police as a murderer, Hyde needed help to avoid capture. He wrote to Lanyon (in Jekyll's hand), asking his friend to bring chemicals from his laboratory. In Lanyon's presence, Hyde mixed the chemicals, drank the serum, and transformed into Jekyll. The shock of the sight instigated Lanyon's deterioration and death. Meanwhile, Jekyll's involuntary transformations increased in frequency and required ever larger doses of serum to reverse. It was one of these transformations that caused Jekyll to slam his window shut on Enfield and Utterson.
Gabriel John Utterson, a lawyer and loyal friend of Jekyll and Lanyon, is the main protagonist of the story. Utterson is a measured and at all times emotionless, bachelor – who nonetheless seems believable, trustworthy, tolerant of the faults of others, and indeed genuinely likable. Utterson has been close friends with Lanyon and Jekyll. However, Utterson is not immune to guilt, as, while he is quick to investigate and judge the faults of others even for the benefit of his friends, Stevenson states that "he was humbled to the dust by the many ill things he had done". Whatever these "ill things" may be, he does not partake in gossip or other views of the upper class out of respect for his fellow man. Often the last remaining friend of the down-falling, he finds an interest in others' downfalls, which creates a spark of interest not only in Jekyll but also regarding Hyde. He comes to the conclusion that human downfall results from indulging oneself in topics of interest. As a result of this line of reasoning, he lives life as a recluse and "dampens his taste for the finer items of life". Utterson concludes that Jekyll lives life as he wishes by enjoying his occupation. Utterson is a good, kind, loyal and honest friend to Henry Jekyll.
Dr Jekyll is a "large, well-made, smooth-faced man of fifty with something of a slyish cast", who occasionally feels he is battling between the good and evil within himself, upon leading to the struggle between his dual personalities of Henry Jekyll and Edward Hyde. He has spent a great part of his life trying to repress evil urges that were not fitting for a man of his stature. He creates a serum, or potion, in an attempt to mask this hidden evil within his personality. However, in doing so, Jekyll transpired into the smaller, younger, cruel, remorseless, evil Hyde. Jekyll has many friends and an amiable personality, but as Hyde, he becomes mysterious and violent. As time goes by, Hyde grows in power. After taking the potion repeatedly, he no longer relies upon it to unleash his inner demon, i.e., his alter ego. Eventually, Hyde grows so strong that Jekyll becomes reliant on the potion to remain conscious.
Richard Enfield is Utterson's cousin and is a well known "man about town." He first sees Hyde at about three in the morning in an episode that is well documented as Hyde is running over a little girl. He is the person who mentions to Utterson the actual personality of Jekyll's friend, Hyde. Enfield witnessed Hyde running over a little girl in the street recklessly, and the group of witnesses, with the girl's parents and other residents, force Hyde into writing a cheque for the girl's family. Enfield discovers that Jekyll signed the cheque, which is genuine. He says that Hyde is disgusting looking but finds himself stumped when asked to describe the man.
A longtime friend of Jekyll's, Hastie Lanyon disagrees with Jekyll's "scientific" concepts, which Lanyon describes as "…too fanciful". He is the first person to discover Hyde's true identity (Hyde transforms himself back into Jekyll in Lanyon's presence). Lanyon helps Utterson solve the case when he describes the letter given to him by Jekyll and his thoughts and reactions to the transformation. When Lanyon witnesses the transformation process (and subsequently hears Jekyll's private confession, made to him alone), Lanyon becomes critically ill and later dies of shock.
Poole is Jekyll's butler who has lived with him for many years. Upon noticing the reclusiveness and changes of his master, Poole goes to Utterson with the fear that his master has been murdered and his murderer, Mr Hyde, is residing in the chambers. Poole serves Jekyll faithfully and attempts to do a good job and be loyal to his master. Yet events finally drive him into joining forces with Utterson to find the truth.
Utterson joins this Scotland Yard inspector after the murder of Sir Danvers Carew. They explore Hyde's loft in Soho and discover evidence of his depraved life.
A kind, white-haired old man and a Member of Parliament. The maid claims that Hyde, in a murderous rage, killed Carew in the streets of London on the night of 18 October (sometime between 11 pm and 2 am by the testimony of the maid). At the time of his death, Carew is 70 years old and is carrying on his person a letter addressed to Utterson, and they find one half of one of Jekyll's walking sticks on his body. As a result, they later go and investigate in Jekyll's house, but cannot find him; they later enter a house where Hyde has been living and find the other half of the stick in one of Hyde's rooms.
A maid, whose employer Hyde had once visited, is the only person who claims to have witnessed the murder of Sir Danvers Carew. She states that she saw Hyde murder Carew with Jekyll's cane and his feet. Having fainted after seeing what happened, she then wakes up and rushes to the police, thus initiating the murder case of Sir Danvers Carew.
Literary genres which critics have applied as a framework for interpreting the novel include religious allegory, fable, detective story, sensation fiction, Doppelgänger literature, Scottish devil tales, and gothic novel.
The novella is frequently interpreted as an examination of the duality of human nature, usually expressed as an inner struggle between good and evil, with variations such as human versus animal, civilization versus barbarism sometimes substituted, the main thrust being that of an essential inner struggle between the one and other, and that the failure to accept this tension results in evil, or barbarity, or animal violence, being projected onto others. In Freudian theory, the thoughts and desires banished to the unconscious mind motivate the behaviour of the conscious mind. Banishing evil to the unconscious mind in an attempt to achieve perfect goodness can result in the development of a Mr Hyde-type aspect to one's character.In Christian theology, Satan's fall from Heaven is due to his refusal to accept that he is a created being (that he has a dual nature) and is not God.This idea is suggested when Hyde says to Lanyon, shortly before drinking the famous potion, "…and your sight shall be blasted by a prodigy to stagger the unbelief of Satan." This is because in Christianity, pride (to consider oneself as without sin or without evil) is a sin, as it is the precursor to evil itself.
In his discussion of the novel, Vladimir Nabokov argues that the "good versus evil" view of the novel is misleading, as Jekyll himself is not, by Victorian standards, a morally good person in some cases.
The work is commonly associated today with the Victorian concern over the public and private division, the individual's sense of playing a part and the class division of London. In this respect, the novella has also been noted as "one of the best guidebooks of the Victorian era" because of its piercing description of the fundamental dichotomy of the 19th century "outward respectability and inward lust," as this period had a tendency for social hypocrisy.
Another common interpretation sees the novella's duality as representative of Scotland and the Scottish character. In this reading, the duality represents the national and linguistic dualities inherent in Scotland's relationship with the wider Britain and the English language, respectively, and also the repressive effects of the Church of Scotland on the Scottish character. A further parallel is also drawn with the city of Edinburgh itself, Stevenson's birthplace, which consists of two distinct parts: the old medieval section historically inhabited by the city's poor, where the dark crowded slums were rife with all types of crime, and the modern Georgian area of wide spacious streets representing respectability.
Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde was initially sold as a paperback for one shilling in the UK, as noted above, and for one dollar in the U.S. These books were called "shilling shockers" or penny dreadfuls. The American publisher issued the book on 5 January 1886, four days before the first appearance of the UK edition issued by Longmans; Scribner's published 3000 copies, only 1250 of them bound in cloth. Initially, stores would not stock it until a review appeared in The Times, on 25 January 1886, giving it a favourable reception. Within the next six months, close to forty thousand copies were sold. As Stevenson's biographer, Graham Balfour, wrote in 1901, the book's success was probably due rather to the "moral instincts of the public" than to any conscious perception of the merits of its art. It was read by those who never read fiction and quoted in pulpit sermons and in religious papers. By 1901, it was estimated to have sold over 250,000 copies in the United States.
Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, though it had initially been published as a "shilling shocker," was an immediate success and is one of Stevenson's best-selling works. Stage adaptations began in Boston and London and soon moved all across England and then towards his home country of Scotland.
The first stage adaptation followed the story's initial publication in 1886. Richard Mansfield bought the rights from Stevenson, and worked with Boston author Thomas Russell Sullivanto write a script. The resulting play added to the cast of characters, and adds some elements of romance to the plot. Addition of female characters to the originally male-centered plot has continued in later adaptations of the story. The first performance of the play took place in the Boston Museum in May 1887. The lighting effects and makeup for Jekyll's transformation into Hyde created horrified reactions from the audience, and the play was so successful that production followed in London. After a successful ten weeks in London in 1888, Mansfield was forced to close down production. The hysteria surrounding the Jack the Ripper serial murders led even those who only played murderers on stage to be considered suspects. When Mansfield was mentioned in London newspapers as a possible suspect for the crimes, he shut down production.


text:
Home MMO News Fast-Paced MOBA Tome: Immortal Arena Coming To Steam
Fast-Paced MOBA Tome: Immortal Arena Coming To Steam
Hey, look, another MOBA. At least this one's got something resembling a plan to attract players.
Kixeye's Tome: Immortal Arena bills itself as an "action-first brawler" that "has been strategically designed to make the MOBA genre fun and exciting, while eliminating unintuitive elements." Those "unintuitive elements" include last-hitting, returning to base, and complex item crafting, while the matches themselves are expected to be in the 10-20 minute range.
In other words, it looks like Tome is trying to go for the more "casual MOBA" crowd, which isn't a bad strategy. That's basically how Heroes of the Storm is being viewed, and Blizzard generally knows what it's doing. In addition to the usual promises, like hard-hitting action and a faster pace, Kixeye also says there's a "genre-expanding 7×7 map" in the works.
Tome: Immortal Arena heads to Steam on Nov. 21.
Zerox November 2, 2014 at 8:38 pm
People play LoL, Dota2 and Smite because these games have competitive scenes and big tournaments. People want to progress and become pro players. You can create whatever MOBA you want, without competitive scene and big tournaments don't hope you'll even come close to LoL and Dota2. Your MOBA can be the best MOBA of all MOBA's, but without making it e-sports game don't even hope you'll do good, it's simple as that.
Aldys November 2, 2014 at 1:40 pm
Still the best MOBA is Bloodline Champions. Nothing will beat it as a game.
WOFAT November 1, 2014 at 1:37 pm
its not exactly as MOBA CLONES or even WOW CLONES to be exact, its just MOBA, the reason why people keep making mobas is because people dont usually have the time to play an MMORPG and level grind it all the way to max to enjoy the game, they want a fast paced game in which its derived from skill and teamplay, rather than items that you farm for weeks and weeks then imrpoving it to max before enjoying the game, so stop it with the MOBA COPY LOL COPY WOW COPY shit and just shut up and enjoy the game.
Razer November 2, 2014 at 11:57 am
Aeon of
vans October 31, 2014 at 5:31 pm
God, im tired of mobas already. It reminds me of the days were developers released wow clones, now we are in the era of league/dota clones.
AnotherReply November 1, 2014 at 5:31 pm
League clones
ZhaoYun October 31, 2014 at 2:26 pm
interesting well it seems "different"i may give it a try and check it out hopefuly i wont get dissapointed


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Reflection;
using Remotion.Linq.Parsing.ExpressionVisitors;
using Remotion.Linq.Utilities;
using Remotion.Utilities;

namespace Remotion.Linq.Parsing.Structure.IntermediateModel
{
  ///
  /// Represents a <see cref="MethodCallExpression"/> for the different <see cref="Queryable.GroupBy{TSource, TKey}(IQueryable{TSource}, Expression{Func{TSource, TKey}})"/>
  /// overloads that do take a result selector. The overloads without a result selector are represented by
  /// <see cref="GroupByExpressionNode"/>.
  /// It is generated by <see cref="ExpressionTreeParser"/> when an <see cref="Expression"/> tree is parsed.
  ///
  /// <remarks>
  /// The GroupBy overloads with result selector are parsed as if they were a <see cref="SelectExpressionNode"/> following a
  /// <see cref="GroupByExpressionNode"/>:
  ///
  /// x.GroupBy (k => key, e => element, (k, g) => result)
  ///
  /// is therefore equivalent to:
  ///
  /// c.GroupBy (k => key, e => element).Select (grouping => resultSub)
  ///
  /// where resultSub is the same as result with k and g substituted with grouping.Key and grouping, respectively.
  /// </remarks>
  public sealed class GroupByWithResultSelectorExpressionNode : IQuerySourceExpressionNode
  {
    public static IEnumerable<MethodInfo> GetSupportedMethods()
    {
      return ReflectionUtility.EnumerableAndQueryableMethods.WhereNameMatches ("GroupBy").WithResultSelector().WithoutEqualityComparer();
    }

    private readonly SelectExpressionNode _selectExpressionNode;

    public GroupByWithResultSelectorExpressionNode (
        MethodCallExpressionParseInfo parseInfo,
        LambdaExpression keySelector,
        LambdaExpression elementSelectorOrResultSelector,
        LambdaExpression resultSelectorOrNull)
    {
      ArgumentUtility.CheckNotNull ("keySelector", keySelector);
      ArgumentUtility.CheckNotNull ("elementSelectorOrResultSelector", elementSelectorOrResultSelector);

      _selectExpressionNode = new SelectExpressionNode (
          CreateParseInfoWithGroupNode (parseInfo, keySelector, elementSelectorOrResultSelector, resultSelectorOrNull),
          CreateSelectorForSelectNode (keySelector, elementSelectorOrResultSelector, resultSelectorOrNull));
    }

    private static MethodCallExpressionParseInfo CreateParseInfoWithGroupNode (
        MethodCallExpressionParseInfo parseInfo,
        LambdaExpression keySelector,
        LambdaExpression elementSelectorOrResultSelector,
        LambdaExpression resultSelectorOrNull)
    {
      var optionalElementSelector = GetOptionalElementSelector (elementSelectorOrResultSelector, resultSelectorOrNull);

      var sourceItemType = ReflectionUtility.GetItemTypeOfClosedGenericIEnumerable (
          parseInfo.ParsedExpression.Arguments[0].Type,
          "parseInfo.ParsedExpression.Arguments[0].Type");

      MethodCallExpression simulatedGroupByCallWithoutResultSelector;
      if (optionalElementSelector == null)
      {
        simulatedGroupByCallWithoutResultSelector = Expression.Call (
            typeof (Enumerable),
            "GroupBy",
            new[] { sourceItemType, keySelector.Body.Type },
            parseInfo.ParsedExpression.Arguments[0],
            keySelector);
      }
      else
      {
        simulatedGroupByCallWithoutResultSelector = Expression.Call (
            typeof (Enumerable),
            "GroupBy",
            new[] { sourceItemType, keySelector.Body.Type, optionalElementSelector.Body.Type },
            parseInfo.ParsedExpression.Arguments[0],
            keySelector,
            optionalElementSelector);
      }

      var simulatedParseInfo = new MethodCallExpressionParseInfo(parseInfo.AssociatedIdentifier, parseInfo.Source, simulatedGroupByCallWithoutResultSelector);
      var groupBySourceNode = new GroupByExpressionNode (simulatedParseInfo, keySelector, optionalElementSelector);
      return new MethodCallExpressionParseInfo (parseInfo.AssociatedIdentifier, groupBySourceNode, parseInfo.ParsedExpression);
    }

    private static LambdaExpression CreateSelectorForSelectNode (
        LambdaExpression keySelector,
        LambdaExpression elementSelectorOrResultSelector,
        LambdaExpression resultSelectorOrNull)
    {
      var resultSelector = GetResultSelector (elementSelectorOrResultSelector, resultSelectorOrNull);
      var optionalElementSelector = GetOptionalElementSelector (elementSelectorOrResultSelector, resultSelectorOrNull);

      // If there is an element selector, the element type will be that returned by the element selector. Otherwise, it will be the type flowing into
      // the key selector.
      var elementType = optionalElementSelector != null ? optionalElementSelector.Body.Type : keySelector.Parameters[0].Type;
      var groupingType = typeof (IGrouping<,>).MakeGenericType (keySelector.Body.Type, elementType);
      var keyProperty = groupingType.GetRuntimeProperty ("Key");

      var groupParameter = Expression.Parameter (groupingType, "group");
      var keyExpression = Expression.MakeMemberAccess (groupParameter, keyProperty);

      var expressionMapping = new Dictionary<Expression, Expression> (2)
                              {
                                  { resultSelector.Parameters[1], groupParameter },
                                  { resultSelector.Parameters[0], keyExpression }
                              };
      var bodyWithGroupingAndKeyReplaced = MultiReplacingExpressionVisitor.Replace (expressionMapping, resultSelector.Body);
      return Expression.Lambda (bodyWithGroupingAndKeyReplaced, groupParameter);
    }

    private static LambdaExpression GetOptionalElementSelector (LambdaExpression elementSelectorOrResultSelector, LambdaExpression resultSelectorOrNull)
    {
      return resultSelectorOrNull == null ? null : elementSelectorOrResultSelector;
    }

    private static LambdaExpression GetResultSelector (LambdaExpression elementSelectorOrResultSelector, LambdaExpression resultSelectorOrNull)
    {
      if (resultSelectorOrNull != null)
      {
        if (resultSelectorOrNull.Parameters.Count != 2)
          throw new ArgumentException ("ResultSelector must have exactly two parameters.", "resultSelectorOrNull");

        return resultSelectorOrNull;
      }
      else
      {
        if (elementSelectorOrResultSelector.Parameters.Count != 2)
          throw new ArgumentException ("ResultSelector must have exactly two parameters.", "elementSelectorOrResultSelector");
        return elementSelectorOrResultSelector;
      }
    }

    public IExpressionNode Source
    {
      get { return _selectExpressionNode.Source; }
    }

    public string AssociatedIdentifier
    {
      get { return _selectExpressionNode.AssociatedIdentifier; }
    }

    public Expression Selector
    {
      get { return _selectExpressionNode.Selector; }
    }

    public Expression Resolve (ParameterExpression inputParameter, Expression expressionToBeResolved, ClauseGenerationContext clauseGenerationContext)
    {
      ArgumentUtility.CheckNotNull ("inputParameter", inputParameter);
      ArgumentUtility.CheckNotNull ("expressionToBeResolved", expressionToBeResolved);

      return _selectExpressionNode.Resolve (inputParameter, expressionToBeResolved, clauseGenerationContext);
    }

    public QueryModel Apply (QueryModel queryModel, ClauseGenerationContext clauseGenerationContext)
    {
      ArgumentUtility.CheckNotNull ("queryModel", queryModel);

      return _selectExpressionNode.Apply (queryModel, clauseGenerationContext);
    }
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub