text:
Weekly Hashkafa Shiur #107 - A Deeper Insight Into the Death of Queen Elizabeth
Given 9/12/2022
Tonight's shiur I'll talk about something which is, probably, the most significant event of the past week, the death of Queen Elizabeth II. She died last week and the whole world is in shock. There's a lot to say but she, probably, is the most famous woman in the world. People don't realize how extensive her presence was. People don't realize what England is. You have England, Wales, Scotland as Great Britain but, really, it's the UK, United Kingdom, as a group of nations that all recognize Queen Elizabeth II as head of state. There are 57 countries that recognize her, the royalty, as head of state. Her image is probably the most famous in the world. Every commonwealth, Canada, Australia, so many countries that are part of the commonwealth and all have her image on their money, on their official documents and, every law they have is that of "her majesty."
I want to talk about that, especially as a Jewish person, looking at It as honestly as possible even if the world has its delusions about what all this means. The world has its way of thinking but, as observant Jews, what we always look at is the Torah perspective, the hashkafa perspective, that of the Divine Plan of Creation. How do we view this, the concept of "royalty". What's significant about all this? What is it all about? This lecture is about the royalty, the UK, the commonwealth and the demise of Queen Elizabeth !!, what it means, what it could mean, for the Jewish people. It could be very surprising.
I want to mention that, I remember, I watched her coronation. George VI died in, I think, 1953 and she was coronated in 1954. I was a little kid and I remember watching her coronation on television. It was a long time ago. It was filled with pomp and glamour and glitz and steeped in tradition. You saw all the priests—I think it was in Westminster Abbey—and it was fascinating. She was born in 1926 so she was young then. She died at 96-years-old. She had an incredible life.
She wasn't a "real" monarch in the sense she wasn't an "absolute monarch" like Louis XIV of France. He became the king when he was 4-years-old. He is considered the longest-reigning monarch ever, seventy-seven years; that's a long time. He was an "absolute" king. What does that designation mean? It means that, not only can he lead a nation, he can promulgate laws. He can order a person to be killed on his word alone. Queen Elizabeth was a "constitutional monarch" where the laws of England are made by parliament, a legislative body. She has her traditions and the nation looks to her for leadership on certain decisions but not legal decisions.
Her monarchy was studded with royalty. She was royal "up and down the aisle." Amazing what they pay for this royalty. I think the budget last year for her monarchy to uphold and maintain her royalty—her palaces and castles all over the place, Buckingham in London and Balmoral in Scotland, Windsor Castle in London where I went and you feel the tremendous royalty—was about 190,000,000 pounds. That's about 250,000,000 dollars. That's a phenomenal amount of money to maintain this illusion of specialty called "monarchy." There are many who say: this is ridiculous! What do we need this for? It allows the British to have a sense of self, of greatness, able to say: we have royalty so look at who we are. It's more an ego stunt than anything else but, whatever it is, it's full of tradition and goes back a long way.
Most people don't know this but it starts, if I remember correctly, with William the Conqueror who conquered English in 1066CE, almost a thousand years ago. I think she stems from that. She stems from Germany, the House of Hanover. Her origins are German. She wants all to think she's of pure British stock but this is who she was. She was the model of royalty and you can imagine the kind of life that is. People called "royal-watchers" spend days, years, watching their every move.
I have certain ideas of what her death means and how it can contribute to the messianic process.
This shiur should be for the merit of the health and success of the families of Regina bas Yosef Reuven and Yeshaya ben Yisrael.
In order to understand England, you have to go back and have to be honest. You can't be deluded like so many are. Who is England? What did they do and what do they stand for? When you answer these, you get a feel for what's going on.
We know that Esav, the brother of Ya'akov Avinu, became Edom and the Gemara says that Edom became Rome. Rome changed, becoming Christianity, and Christianity became Western Civilization. Western Civilization is really Esav. Like the Torah says, we are under the galus—exile of Esav. I've also mentioned that Esav has three characteristics. The first is gaiva—arrogance, conceit, hubris. The second characteristic is mirma—fraudulence. Esav is an imposter, pretending to be something he isn't. He pretends to be righteous but, really, he's very evil. It's all a cover-up. The third characteristic is taiva—hedonism. He's best known for being immersed in zima—lewdness, gneiva—thievery, retsicha-murder. These traits describe Western Civilization. Most of the exile of the Jews has been in Western Civilization.
Therefore, Edom is divided into three nations that have these characteristics.
Gaiva, the arrogance, is characteristic of Russia, particularly under the Soviet Communist regime and the Russian Orthodox Church. The mirma, the fraudulence, is characterized by Europe with its pretense of righteousness. Its Christian pretensions of piety and universal love prevailed despite its being engaged in wars for all of its history, wars among France, England, Spain, Italy, etcetera with millions dying as a result.
The essential aspect of Europe has been Britain, France, and England which was a world power for a long time. Today, it's reduced relative to what it was, though it's been said that "the sun never set on the British Empire." I think the statistic is that England controlled, during the 19th century, about 25% of the land mass of the planet. That's how many countries were controlled by England, particularly during the reign of Queen Victoria. An essential aspect of Esav is England. This identifies England biblically, in terms of who they really are.
Look at what England did; I want to go through some of it. It was into colonization which involved enslaving country after country and proclaiming their actions in the name of "His Majesty." This doesn't even include America which, in 1776, rebelled against England. As colonizer, they were brutal. In order to take over a country and make it a vassal state, you have to kill people. People aren't going to just let you walk in and take over their country. So, England was engaged in an enormous number of wars and wars, as we know, means killing people, means murder, which is a terrible sin. What gives them the right to walk in and try to take over by force? It's murder; it's Essv. It's the classic case of Esav engaging in his popular pastime of murder. That's England. They like to think of themselves as the "glory of His Majesty," the English colonies, the tremendous number of countries they controlled such as India, and even China until it was reduced to Hong Kong, Australia, so much of Europe, parts of Africa and the American colonies. The way they got there was by killing people. Not only were they brutal in conquest of countries—these weren't takeovers to facilitate modernization—it was done for the glory of "Her Majesty" or "His Majesty, " particularly Queen Victoria. She was queen for sixty-three years. What we're looking at, if we're being honest, is a queen that is a head of state that represents a murderous nation, one engaged in bullying people, making them suffer, killing people, making wars. Is this something to be proud of?—of course not!
If I remember correctly, at the end of late 1800's, England took over China and what they did was something astounding. They saturated China with opiates in order to sell them opium. The whole of China was drugged. It resulted in the "Boxer Rebellion" of 1900 which tried to drive out all foreign imperialistic influence but was eventually crushed in an eight-nation force led by Britain, a murderous country filled with evil. And who is the head-of-state?—their "Majesties."
In the last hundred years what England has done is terrible. In 1917, the Balfour Declaration was pronounced and this declaration said that His Majesty views the Jewish people right to have Palestine—as it was called then—with favor, that the Jews should have a land of their own which is very nice; that's great! So, the League of Nations, which was the forerunner of the United Nations, held a conference, the San Remo Conference, in Italy in 1920. It was proclaimed that a Jewish homeland would be established in Palestine. That included not only the territory of what Israel is today but also Jordan. This was the totality of the area designated for it. So, England was given the mandate to carry out what this lawful international body of "League of Nations" proclaimed.
A book was written about this, a now-famous book by Joan Peters called "From Time in Memorial" in which she goes into the history of Palestine those days before Israel became a state and she documents what the British did in carrying out their mandate. What she uncovers, and what is amazing, is that the problems we see now in Israel—all the wars with the Arabs—can be directly laid at the door of England. They're the ones responsible. How?
At about 1934, oil was discovered in Saudi Arabia and the Brits wanted to curry favor with the Arabs so they made a deal with them. Even though they had the mandate to help Jews get Palestine, a mandate resultant from a legal declaration recognized by the entire world, they, instead, made a deal with Abdullah—I think that's his name, the father of Hussein of Jordan—taking away eighty percent of the territory deemed for the Jewish state, making it Jordanian. This was done to give England access to oil and create other favorable situations at the expense of the Jews. It was a violation of the agreement reached by the League of Nations. They created a Jordan that did not exist until then.
Having done this, they allowed Arab immigration to abound what with Arabs escaping poor conditions and economic hardship in their lands in favor of migrating to Israel which was doing well economically even though it wasn't really considered a state. The Arabs wanted to go to Israel because that's where the money was. England was in charge of immigration and permitted Arabs entry. There were no qualifications. If you sought entry, you were in! That was illegal. The Jews were not given the automatic right to enter. Where did the British come off allowing people from other countries, especially Syria, to immigrate into Israel without any real justification or qualification? Most of the Arabs living is "Palestine" in the 1920's-30's were there due to England's sanction.
Another terrible act on the part of Britain occurred at the time of Kristallnacht when Germany declared that the Jews have to be punished. At that time, November 1938, many synagogues were destroyed, Jews were murdered, Jewish businesses were shut down. It was horrendous slaughter. The persecution of Jews escalated greatly from this point. A conference was held—I think in 1938—in which nations expressed their disallowance of Jews to emigrate to their respective countries. Hitler saw that nobody cared about the Jews so he knew he could get away with the murder of Jews that he planned. Having known this, England should have encouraged emigration to Israel, it being their country as proclaimed by the League of Nations and for humanitarian reasons. England should have welcomed Jews to their shores and encouraged immigration to Palestine.
A third thing Britain did, which was absolutely terrible, occurred after Kristallnacht, after the Évian Conference held in France in 1938 which addressed the problem of German and Austrian Jewish refugees wishing to escape Nazi persecution in Germany. What did Britain do? They issued their "White Paper of 1939" forbidding Jews from going to Palestine. This was life and death. Could anyone believe this? Imagine that Jews are being slaughtered by the Nazis and, finally, in 1942, another conference for the "Final Solution" is held and, still, Jews had no place to flee. Who knows how many Jews died at the hands of the Nazis—yemach shemom—because because they had no place to escape to! No country would take them and they were barred from Israel because Britain gave the Arab powers in Palestine, the discretion to determine how many Jews, if any, could enter. There are many stories about this.
We should view this also in the context of recognizing that the bible, which Christianity acknowledges as legitimate, says clearly that G-D gives the Land of Israel to the Jewish people. The first commentary by Rashi in "Bereishis"—Genesis speaks of this. That's why the Torah starts with Creation story to show that the world is G-D's and He can give Israel to whomever He wants. It authorizes and legitimizes the fact that Israel belongs to the Jews. So, England, notwithstanding that the Jews have no place to flee, notwithstanding the League of Nations mandate, bars their way. Who knows how many Jews were stuck in their respective countries. Then, of course, Germany would take over different countries and the first thing the Nazis did was round up the Jews and shoot them. Given all this, England forbade entry.
England is responsible for untold number of deaths of Jews. You have to ask yourself: where's your king? The one who was king at that time was George VI. Where was this guy? How do you allow your country to issue decrees, to enact policies, which translate into the deaths of thousand, perhaps millions, of Jews? And this was perpetrated by the country mandated to help! Where was this guy?—nowhere! If he ever said a word about any of this, even if he doesn't want to involve himself in politics because England is a constitutional monarchy, it wouldn't be an utterance about politics; it's life and death. This is His Majesty's will? How could he allow this to happen? How do you think G-D looks upon this? Do you think G-D is fooled by the fact that these people call themselves "king" or "queen" or whatever?—of course not! This is what's going on and this is what is being honored and cherished.
I don't know Queen Elizabeth. She appears to have been a decent woman. She had an incredible life but did she ever issue a public apology for what England did to the Jews during the Holocaust, for the many that died due to British policy with their White Paper? I don't recall such a thing. Maybe I'm wrong but where was the queen? How could she not say anything? Again, we're not talking about political statements. This was about life and death. This is people dying due to an illegality, of them violating a mandate! Did she ever make a statement about her nation's contribution to the Holocaust, to the deaths of Jews? It's incredible.
This is why I believe G-D punished England in several ways: England is no longer one of the great nations of the world. Her influence in the world is gone. Even if she's a first-world nation, she's nothing compared to what she was a century ago. That's the first diminishment of her power and status. The second—Dunkirk. The Nazis almost killed thousands at Dunkirk and, by a miracle, they survived. What we begin to see is murder, what England did. Even if George didn't contribute to it in the sense that he was responsible for that White Paper, he was the king. Where is your statement, Your Majesty? The responsibility to condemn murder, and yet not to, is an incredible betrayal to the League of Nations. It's the same responsibility Queen Elizabeth II had. Did she ever make a statement?—I don't think so.
I do know one thing. I heard that she visited, in her 70-year reign, 120 countries. She never once visited Israel—not once. She visited many Arab countries more than once. What is that supposed to convey? It's amazing. Even more amazing is that Prince Philip's (her husband) mother—I think she was of Greek royalty and is considered an ahavas Yisrael—righteous among the gentiles, one who sheltered, harbored, protected a Jewish family from the Nazis, I think in Greece, when the Nazis were hunting Jews there—is buried in Israel. Yet the queen never visited the grave of her mother-in-law as far as I know. This is her husband's mother! What is that supposed to mean? I find this astounding.
We have to view this honestly. We're not talking about making a bad trade deal with Israel. We're talking about not only the slaughter of Jews and the protracted time it took for Israel to become part of the Jewish people. We're talking about denying Jews a place of refuge, and this was after Kristallnacht when it became apparent what the Nazis intended to do to the Jews. Britain shut down Israel to the Jewish people.
G-D Doesn't Forget and the Big Picture
Man forgets. Man overlooks because he has self-interest but I want to tell you something. G-D does not overlook and G-D does not forget. The life of one Jew is unbelievably precious, infinitely valuable, right? To cause the death of one Jew, especially when it's in the context of breaking the law, when it is an illegality and contributes to murder, who can believe what the punishment is to be for this country? I can't believe it is, in any way, honorable for a woman to represent a bunch of murderers and that's what they've been for hundreds of years, and not only to Jews. Their brutality was inflicted upon many lands which they conquered and dominated, and they prided themselves on this conquest, on the greatness and glory of England, of His Majesty or Her Majesty, or whatever. G-D doesn't forget.
If you want to delude yourself and tell yourself: well, the monarchy is royal, and so on, that's just delusional. Again, the queen might have been a decent and nice person, a charming person, and I don't take that away from her, but I'm looking at the big picture.
America is being destroyed by the Democratic Party of which Biden is really a representative, though their puppet. Hopefully, this November, he will be slaughtered in the polls—hopefully. What we're looking at is the fall of Esav, the ra she'b'Esav—the evil of Esav. His dominance will come to an end and an entirely new era will emerge, is emerging. The messianic process is unfolding. That's the hope.
It's very possible that the death of Queen Elizabeth II indicates the fall of another major nation that is the embodiment of Esav because, when a monarch falls, it is symbolic of the beginning of the diminishment and the fall of the country, and Britain, as I've shown, represents the evil of Esav and, believe me, they fulfill that to a tee. So, it's very possible that the death of this representative of Britain represents the beginning of the fall of the evil of Esav. It's interesting that, together with America, the evil of Esav is falling.
More interesting is that Britain has a new Prime Minister who met the queen two days before she died. The whole government is at a standstill and they have great problems with inflation and energy prices, labor shortages. Their economy is doing badly. It seems to me that this is an indicator of Esav's/Edom's diminishment.
Also interesting to note is the incredible levaya—funeral she'll have. It heightens greatly an awareness of malchus—kingship, royalty. She's the empress of a kingdom, of the British empire so, with her funeral, she increases the awareness of kingship because that funeral will be incredible. Is it possible that G-D wants to make the world aware of what a "kingdom" is? Why? Maybe it means that we are about to see, very shortly, a kingdom of the mashiach—messiah and so G-D would seem to be saying: let Me show you what a kingdom is. By watching the funeral, the pomp and tradition, how they honor their dead, I will bring the malchus of the mashiach's kingdom and its singular greatness which will far exceed any royalty that's ever existed.
There's a chazal—commentary of the sages that says "l'olam hevei ratz"—always run to see a king of the nations of the world, a goyishe--gentile king. Why?—so you can see what a king really is and then you will realize that kingship, the kingdom of the mashiach, will be a million times greater than what you're looking at. Can you believe what that chazal are saying? You can't rely on your supposed ideas about what a king is. You must see the honor, the prestige, the glory, the glamour with which he is appraised and then, look at this, the mashiach's kingship, and think: that was nothing compared to melech ha'mashiach, the kingship of the messiah. When he comes, his kingdom will be astounding and we cannot imagine it from our current perspective but, if our rabbis tell us that we should "run to see" their kings, it is to begin to imagine what "majesty" really is, what it will be, a thousand times more glorious, far greater.
Maybe we are very close to the messianic era, which I believe we are, and, therefore, G-D wants to make the entire world aware of what "kingdom" means. When you consider what a kingdom is, you can realize what every Jew will be. He will be a king, the equivalent of a king. How many Jews really are there? There are almost eight billion people on the planet—that's a lot of people—and only about fifteen million Jews. That's less than one quarter of one percent of the world's population. In the messianic era, every Jew will be of the same status as Queen Elizabeth, but even greater. We gawk at the honor accorded this woman yet far more honor and glory will be accorded every Jew when the messiah is revealed. So, to understand the status of a Jew at the End of Time, during the messianic era, watch the funeral. Look at it and then think: this is nothing compared to the melech ha'mashiach—kingdom of the messiah. His kingdom will be astounding to watch and more glorious than anything we can imagine. Maybe that's why she died now rather than another couple of years. Phillip died last year at age of ninety-nine. I'm wondering if G-D took her because she never expressed regret for her country's actions during the Holocaust. As I said, to learn more, get a hold of Joan Peter's book "In Time in Memorial."
Participant: I was reading today that the queen connected herself to King David. She thought she was somehow descended from David Ha'Melech.
R'Kessin: Yeah, right…I mentioned that she is really of German descent. She's not English even. They didn't want to advertise it. They don't even descend from (that which is native) British; she's from the House of Hanover. Her thinking she's descended from King David is delusional thinking. Everyone wants to think they are descended from David Ha'Melech, even Yeshu (Jesus). G-D says, in "Yishai," that King David is where My kingdom will come from.
Participant: Then why did Israel acknowledge her death?
R'Kessin: They have to, politically. Britain is a major country, a first-world nation. So, purely, for political diplomacy, you have to acknowledge what she did. She became queen in 1953 or 1954. She never had a hand in the killing en masse. My grievance with her is that she didn't acknowledge what the British did. The world continues to think that the Arabs (should) have a say in Israel but, of course, they shouldn't. Most are from Syria, let in my the British illegally. There were very few that actually lived in Palestine before the British allowed them to immigrate. Nobody wants to admit this. A form of anti-Semitism today is the sentiment for the destruction of Israel, a "two-state solution." It's insane! There is no such thing. The original occupants are the Jews, not Arabs. I'm not even talking about the religious idea that G-D gave Israel to the Jews. The Jews are not occupiers, of course not! They were always there. To think otherwise is a lie promulgated by Abbas and all the other anti-Semites that want to use this argument as a way of destroying Israel. There's no such thing as a "two-state solution." The whole thing is a fiction. When you read that book "In Time in Memorial," you realize what the truth is.
It's the height of chutzpah—audacity that England has caused so much misery to people all around the world having colonized so many places, and did so brutally. I'm incredulous that Britain walks around as though they're G-D's gift to the world. My gripe is that they never took responsibility Instead of bowing their heads in shame, admitting what they did but, instead, strut around thinking they're something special. Israel's acknowledgment was political. You have to play along like everyone else.
Participant: There was a big rainbow, a double rainbow, on the day she passed away. It was completely over Buckingham Palace. It was humungous. It's in all the news headlines.
R'Kessin: That's very interesting because there's a chazal—I don't remember where—which says that, before the mashiach comes, there will be a double rainbow. So, you're saying that the day she died, there was a tremendous double rainbow over Buckingham Palace?
Participant: It's in every news headline across the world, the pictures.
R'Kessin: Amazing! So maybe what I'm saying is correct.
Participant: If Esav has three characteristics, do all three nations emblematic of whatever nation the characteristics represent have to fall in order for mashiach to come?
R'Kessin: Yes. Soviet communism fell. Europe, in a certain sense, has fallen because they are now united as a European Union. The individual nations have "fallen" and, besides, Christianity in Europe is dying. I heard a statistic that the church of England is attended by only one percent of the population. That's the death of Christianity. People may profess to being Christian, but they don't go to church. What does that all mean? The United States is falling because of Biden but Trump is changing the United States. We are watching a change.
Participant: The temptations, the taiva, represents the United States?
R'Kessin: Yes. America is a pleasure-loving country but also a medina shel chesed, a country that has, historically, given over tremendously to charity and good works. America is into the "good life" and not into killing people or colonizing. Overall, America has been a good country but it's being destroyed by the Democratic Party.
Participant: That double rainbow was over Buckingham Palace, Windsor Castle, and the Victoria Memorial. It was over all those three places all at the same time.
R'Kessin: Sounds like it hit it right on the head! I wasn't aware of that. Amazing!
Participant: What does a double rainbow mean?
R'Kessin: The rainbow itself is to stave off the mabul—Flood, to "remind" G-D, to prevent His destruction of the world. The double rainbow means not only not to destroy the world, but a permanent way of conveying: I will not destroy the world because there will be a Redemption.
Participant: When is this Redemption starting, exactly?
R'Kessin: Well, I think it's a Zohar that says that, before mashiach comes, there will be a double rainbow, and the fact that it was over her castles, the seat of her power, on the day of her death, is unbelievably symbolic, a sign.
Participant: Is there a reason why the second rainbow has its colors in reverse? When you look at it, the red is on the bottom, not the top. The first rainbow is regular and then, if you look at the top one, the colors are in reverse.
R'Kessin: I've never thought about it but I would imagine that it's almost as if the Redemption will be in such a way…the arguments in favor of Redemption will be total either way. There won't be any kitrugim—prosecutorial challenges. It's like saying: the arguments (in favor) of Redemption are conclusive, either way you look at it.
Participant: The rainbows appeared as they were lowering the Union Jack, when it was being lowered to half-mast. I don't know what a "Union Jack" Is.
R'Kessin: The Union Jack is the flag of Britain.
Participant: So, as they were lowering it, that's when the rainbow appeared.
R'Kessin: Where does it say that?
Participant: I'm reading it in the news on the internet.
R'Kessin: That's amazing. That is messianic.
Participant: The Daily Mail. So, bottom-line, you think she died to indicate that her reign is gone and it's the entering of the mashiach because you can't have two kings at the same time?
R'Kessin: Right, yeah. It's symbolic. That's the end of the malchus—kingship of Esav. In fact, at the end of the parasha—Torah portion right before "Vayeshev," it says. "These are the kings that reigned in Edom before there reigned a king in Israel." It goes through seven kings so that has s lot of kabbalistic meaning but what you see is that the kingdom of Esav ends and then there will be a king of Israel. This could be the classic example. She dies, symbolic of the end of the reign, the rule, of Esav, and now we can look forward to the kingdom of mashiach. That's what it says.
Participant: What do you think King Charles's role will be in the Divine Plan?
R'Kessin: I don't really know much about Charles. He was full of scandal. In 1997, when Diana died…they were both adulterers. He was with Camilla and she was running around with some Egyptian Arab. What can you say about that?
Participant: She was divorced when she was with Dodi.
Other Participant: She had been with other men before him.
R'Kessin: I don't know if she was still married—I think she was—yeah, she was. There were plenty of scandals. The royal family is filled with scandals, Diana, Charles….If you go back to many of the incidents reported in the newspapers, many people laughed at the royals (scornfully). What kind of family is this? They're either philanderers or jet-setters without responsibility. They didn't have good reputations. What can I tell you? I don't view Charles as anything serious.
Participant: But not do with his son, William.
R'Kessin: Yeah, I don't recall scandal with William.
Participant: I just want to tell you something. I'm back in Montreal. I went to a sheva brachos and I was telling someone there what I've been learning with you and I didn't tell her your name and she said, "Is that Rabbi Kessin?"
I went, "How do you know?"
She said, "I listen to him all the time." So, I just wanted to tell you.
R'Kessin: Okay. Thank you. Thanks.
Participant: Is there anything coincidental that it's the month of Elul?
R'Kessin: Yes. There's an argument in the Gemara as to when the Redemption is going to happen. Rabbi Eliezer says that the geula will happen in Tishrei—that's number one. We are less than two weeks from this date (the beginning of Tishrei, Rosh Ha'Shana).
The second thing is that Yosef ha'Tzaddik was released from prison on Rosh Ha'Shana. This means that the gzera--decree against the mashiach ends on Rosh Ha'Shana. The third thing to remember is that this Rosh Ha'Shana is motzei shmita—period post-shmita. The Gemara says that the Mashaich ben David comes at the end of shmita. So, you have three ideas as to why it's possible that this Rosh Ha'Shana, Tishrei, can be a messianic time. Also, the year taf-shin-peh-gimel / תשפגstands for "t'hiye shnas perek geula."—it will be a year of Redemption. Even the roshe tevos—abbreviation is interesting in that sense. There's no question that we're getting very close.
Participant: One rabbi said that the abbreviation means "t'hiye shnas parnassa g'dola"—it will be a year of wealth."
R'Kessin: I'll go along with that. The "gimmel" could be "geula."
Participant: I'd rather it be "geula." I'll take your version.
R'Kessin: Right, because, with geula, there will be a "parnassa gedola." The main idea is that I don't know who the queen really was, what her personal stance was, but, as the head of state, where was this woman? What a tremendous betrayal of the mandate and the Jewish people! All the people who died, and for what? They wanted oil from the Arabs therefore people have to die for that? We cannot even begin to understand the evil of that country, what they did.
Participant: They're going to get majorly punished when the messiah comes, no?
R'Kessin: Of course. Right. Yeah. The Jews were expelled from England anyway, several times.
Participant: How is it that Rabbi Jonathan Sacks never had a meeting with the queen to tell her or to….
R'Kessin: I would imagine that, when you're in such an environment of pomp, diplomacy, chivalry, all that kind of stuff, it's very hard to berate a queen. You don't feel it's your place. I can imagine it's not easy to confront such a woman. You'd have to be tremendously defiant and courageous. I also believe it's a punishment to Elizabeth that she will not see the messianic era. That's because so many Jews died and she said nothing. She's a symbol of Esav.


text:
Right to access the internet is a part of the fundamental right to Education and Privacy
In a recent judgment, the High Court of Kerala1 has recognized that the right to have access to the internet is a part of the right to education as well as the right to privacy under the Constitution of India. The court also noted that the usage of mobile phones to enable students to access the internet would only enhance their opportunities to acquire knowledge, as well as the quality of education.
The right to access education and information through the internet by elevating it to the status of a constitutional right reflects the progressive attitude of the Indian court and how they are in tune with time.
FACTS AND JUDGMENT
The petitioner in this matter was a student of a college, who filed a writ petition stating that the restrictions on use of mobile phones between certain hours in the hostel run by the college, infringed her rights (1) to freedom of expression, (2) to privacy, and (3) to education under the Constitution of India.
The court noted that mobile phones had become an integral part of daily life and it was an essential means to survive with dignity and freedom.
The court highlighted several benefits of the internet:
Ability to read news online;
Ability to undergo online courses, including SWAYAM, a programme initiated by the Government of India which provided educational courses online;
Ability to interact, exchange ideas, and download e-books.
The court pointed out that a student could not be compelled to restrict themselves to accessing knowledge solely through books. A student who had attained majority should be given the freedom to choose their preferred mode of studies, provided it did not disturb others.
Further, the usage of mobile phones to enable students to access the internet would only enhance their opportunities to acquire knowledge, as well as the quality of education.
The court also referred to the following international resolutions ("Resolutions"):
Resolutions 23/2, adopted by the Human Rights Council of the UN General Assembly, which called upon States to (i) promote women's exercise of freedom of opinion and expression online and off-line, as well as (ii) facilitate equal participation in access to and use of the internet;
The resolution adopted by the UN General Assembly on 14th July, 2014, which (i) emphasized that access to information on the internet created vast opportunities for affordable and inclusive education globally, thereby being an important tool to facilitate the promotion of the right to education, and (ii) called upon States to promote and facilitate access to the internet and develop information and communication facilities and technologies in all countries.
The court also relied upon the landmark Indian judgment of Vishaka & Ors v State of Rajasthan & Ors.2 in which it had been held that in light of (i) Article 51(c) of the Constitution of India (which makes it a fundamental duty of the State to foster respect for international law and treaty obligations), and (ii) Article 253 (which empowers Parliament to make law for implementing any treaty, agreement or convention with another country) of the Constitution of India, as well as (iii) the Beijing Statement of Principles of the Independence of the Judiciary in the Lawasia region, international conventions and norms were to be read into fundamental rights guaranteed in the Constitution of India, if (i) there is no enacted domestic law on the subject, and (ii) there is no inconsistency with domestic law.
Accordingly, the court read the aforesaid Resolutions into Indian constitutional rights following the Vishakha case.
The court also relied upon:
the principles laid down in the case of Anuj Garj v. Hostel Association of India (2008) 3 SCC 1,3 and extended these principles to opine that the State should ensure that children were armed with modern technologies to compete in the developing world and attain success.
the landmark judgment of Justice Puttaswamy (Retd.) and Anr. v. Union of India & Ors (2017) 10 SCC 1 in which it had been held that the right to privacy was held to be an intrinsic right to life, personal liberty and dignity.
The judgment of S Rengarajan & Ors v P Jagjivan Ram (1989) 2 SCC 674, recognizing that the State authorities (in that case, the censor board), should be responsive to societal change and the prevailing climate, and any restrictions of fundamental rights could only be justified on the anvil of necessity.
Based on the above principles and precedents, the court held that the total restriction on the use of mobile phones and the direction to surrender it during certain hours was absolutely unwarranted.
In light of the Resolutions recognizing the right to access to internet as a fundamental freedom, and a tool to ensure the right to education, any impairment to this right of students could not stand in the way of the law. Such an action would infringe the fundamental right to privacy, as well as adversely affect students' ability to acquire knowledge and compete with peers.
The only restriction which could be imposed was that students could not cause disturbance to other students. However, in the present scenario, rules and regulations had to keep up with advancement of technology. Hostel authorities were expected to enforce only those regulations which were necessary for enforcing discipline. Enforcement of discipline could not block students' means to acquire knowledge.
The court held that the restriction should have connection with the discipline. In this case, there was nothing show that there was any act of indiscipline on account of the usage of mobile phone by the petitioner. Therefore, such a restriction could not stand.
Accordingly, the court allowed the petition.
This judgment comes at a time when the EdTech industry in India is burgeoning and expected to grow to a USD 1.96 billion industry by 20214.
Technology will continue to become more and more ingrained in education. The emergence of new technologies such as AI, augmented reality, virtual reality, big data, as well as STEM labs are revolutionizing how students learn. Policy makers in India have also recognized the importance of tech in education and this can be seen in a plethora of Government initiatives focusing on e-learning. This includes SWAYAM, a Government platform that provides online course for students.
The judgment of the Kerala High Court is progressive. It has rightly recognized that e-learning presents greater access to more cost-effective education for all.
– Tanisha Khanna, Aarushi Jain & Vivek Kathpalia
1 Faheema Shirin R.K. v State of Kerala & Ors WP(C).No.19716 OF 2019(L)
2 AIR 1997 SC 3011
3 In this case, the Supreme Court was considering the prohibition of employing women in premises where liquor is served in restaurants under the Punjab Excise Act. The court held that men and women would know what would be the best for them in the service sector. In the age of the internet, they would know all pros and cons of a profession. Subject to constitutional, statutory and social interdicts, a citizen of India should be allowed to live her life on her own terms.
4 https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/in/pdf/2017/05/Online-Education-in-India-2021.pdf

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How do I navigate a directory in the GHCi shell? The tutorial I'm reading says after we've defined the function, we need to go to where it is saved and load it. The GHCi shell that I'm using seems to only interpret Haskell, meaning I can't move anywhere. How can this be done other than moving the file to the directory where the shell is?

A: You can use the :cd command:
$ ghci
ghci> :cd directory/to/move/to

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Take a sneak peak at Muse Industry Management fashion shows highlights.
Paris Fashion Week – S/S 2016 Ready To Wear
October 7, 2015 /in Fashion Shows /by Enrique Cherubini
Balmain S/S 2016 Ready-To-Wear collection was definitely about exploring new fabrics, shapes and colors.
A palette of light colors such as nude, ivory, white with a blend of tobacco, orange, mustard, royal blue, emerald green and of course black tones was introduced, suggested an Africa tone inspiration. The ruffles, fishnets, crystal embroideries, crossed tops, macrame and suede gowns were indeed the leading characters of this catwalk.
Cloths in this collection might seem fragile, but they still distinguish Balmain's sense of a strength, powerful and still sexy-glamazon women, imposing once more his hashtag of "#Balmainarmy"
Photos via vogue.com by Monica Feudi and theupcoming.co.uk
Milan Fashion Week – S/S 2016 Ready To Wear
September 30, 2015 /in Fashion Shows /by Enrique Cherubini
Alessandro Michelle, Gucci's new creative director sure had warm welcome with this S/S 2016 Ready-To-Wear collection, shaking up the chic, geek, girly, vintage inspiration. Highlighting every single detail, taking the gowns to a next level.
Gucci's signature red and green colors, couldn't be more present, as well as the fabulous well made, workmanship cloths and accessories that simply screamed "Made in Italy". This definitely gave the meaning of luxury come back a new direction.
This collection was just simply breathtaking.
Photos via vogue.com by Yannis Vlamos.
London Fashion Week – S/S 2016 Ready To Wear
Anya Hindmarch, never stops to amaze us, always transforming the everyday essentials to luxury fashion essentials. For this S/S 16 season the collection was inspired by various retailers such as Carrefour, Mothercare, Boots, WHSmith logos and John Lewis, with its emblematic stripes.
An outstanding runway scene setting, played with mirror prisms and contortionists, created a kaleidoscope effect. A very eye-catching geometrical collection, remarking the creativity of brand, and their essence to always make accessories fun.
Photos via vogue.com, abcnews.com, cnn.com
New York Fashion Week – S/S 2016 Ready To Wear
Making his debut in New York City, Ricardo Tisci, created a show that went just beyond expectations. The show took place at Pier 26 by the Hudson River, just before sunset with stunning views of One World Trade Center and Lower Manhattan.
Working hand with hand, with world known performance artist Marina Abramović, the show was not only a dream come true for Ricardo Tisci, but was also a runway that embraced a lot of symbolism, not only because it was Tisci's 10th anniversary in the fashion house, but because it took part in the 14th anniversary of 9/11. Creating a scenery that was a full tribute, with one powerful message love. As Ricardo Tisci described it " We are all the same, love is for everybody, love doesn't have a religion, love is love, and we're in the same platform and we're all the same"
More than 1000 guests, live performances by different ethnic musicians, over 80 female and male model exits, the runway showed a magnificent collection surrounded by lace, chiffon, silk and feathers in black, white and ivory shades.
The whole scenery, made that night, definitely a night to remember.
Photos via vogue.com by Monica Feudi and Alessandro Garofalo
It all began with the fantastic light up Ziegfeld theater billboard announcing "One Night Only, Marc Jacobs, #marcjacobspremiere" followed up with an outside red carpet where the models showed the outsiders a sneak peak of the fashion show, before they made their big entrance into the theater.
The whole theatrical production was a tribute to the old New York, mainly to old american movies and classic old-school glamour. All surrounded by a collection that showed a vast variety of gowns ruled by white, red and blue shades, combined with very shining and beaded details.
A nostalgic but yet energetic, bright, colorful and fun runway were the models just shined like real stars.
Photos via vogue.com by Gianni Pucci and Alessandro Garofalo


Width 38 cm Height 26 cm Depth 26 cm capacity 25 l Weight 1150 g aluminum and real wood Basket made by Brooks England, complete with quick release handlebar clamp/Since we first began to make Cycle Saddles, our aim has b een the BEST of EVERYTHING. The Best Materials, the Best Designs, the Best Constructions, that experience, skill and money can procure. This is how we designed and manufactured our new Wire Basket, made of a metal structure, wooden base and a leather grip. For the use on modern bikes this basket is equipped with a modern KLICKfix® handlebar adapter.
The leather grip is made of a stack of leather washers cut from the scrap from our saddle production.


These days, you would be hard-pressed to find anything in your local supermarket that is meant for children that is non-sugary, or low in sugar.
According to numerous studies done over the last few decades, sugar has been found to be directly related to a large number of health issues.
Some of these diseases include obesity, diabetes, an increased risk of heart conditions and diseases, fatty liver, and dental problems.
Sugar is also directly associated with increased health risks.
In fact, added sugar is one of the biggest sources of hidden, empty calories that can be found lurking in various processed and pre-packaged foods.
Most people aren't aware of how much sugar there is in frozen foods, bottled drinks, fast foods, and many other types of processed foods that by right shouldn't have so much sugar in their list of ingredients.
Often, these sugars hide in plain sight under a variety of different names like fructose and corn syrup.
As you can imagine, this is a massive amount of sugar can be damaging to the growth and development of a young child.
Because of this, there has been a major pushback movement in America on a national level to focus on what school-going children are eating.
This has not only resulted in regulations over what kinds of foods are served at school lunches, but has even gotten to the point that schools will monitor the pre-packed lunches that children bring from home.
The United States, unfortunately, has some abysmal attitudes and approaches to school lunches, especially compared to the lunch cultures and foods found in other first-world countries.
Here's a list of what a school-going child eats for lunch in each country, and how the United States stacks up to the competition.
A fruit cup, a chocolate chip cookie, fried 'popcorn' chicken, peas, and mashed potatoes.
Fresh fruit, green beans, carrots, cheese, and steak.
An orange, bread, fresh peppers, gazpacho, and sautéed shrimp over brown rice and vegetables.
A bunch of grapes, Caprese salad, baguette, pasta with tomato sauce, and a local fish on a bed of arugula.
Syrniki (a dessert pancake), cabbage, borscht, and mashed potatoes with sausage.
Salad, bread and baked plantains, black beans and rice, and pork with mixed veggies.
Fresh berries, bread and pannakkau (a dessert pancake), carrot salad, beet salad, and pea soup.
Greek yoghurt and pomegranate seeds, fresh oranges, stuffed grape leaves, tomato and cucumber salad, and baked chicken over orzo.
Kimchi and fresh veggies, fish soup, and tofu over rice.
An occurring pattern that is instantly clear in all of these meals save for that of the United States' is just everything in these lunches are unprocessed.
In addition to that, many of these meals feature lots of fresh fruits and vegetables, and have been cooked in methods that use minimal oil, salt, and sugar.
It is clear that the United States still has much to do to improve the quality of school lunches that the nation is feeding its children!


Every morning I wake up, get dressed, and put on a necklace. The necklace has four charms: a P for my son, a W for my daughter, an angel wing for the pregnancies I have lost, and a rectangle with the date 5-7-2013 on it. That date is the date that I lost my daughter. That date is the date that I chose to end my pregnancy. That date is the date that I had an abortion.
When my son turned two, my husband and I decided to try for another child. We were excited about adding to our family and thrilled by the thought of giving my son a sibling. A few months later, I was pregnant. The pregnancy was shaky from the beginning, measuring an entire week behind and with bleeding, but as the first trimester started to close, I was feeling hopeful and excited about the child I was carrying.
On May 1, 2013, at 13 weeks pregnant, I went in to have a first trimester ultrasound. Everything seemed normal, until the technician told me that she needed to get the doctor. With my heart racing, I knew something was wrong. The doctor told me that my baby had an encephalocele, a defect where the neural tube fails to close near the sixth week of pregnancy and part of the brain pushes through openings in the skull at the back of the neck.
The next few hours and days I can barely remember, yet also remember in a sort of heightened awareness. How I drove home alone after hearing that news I still don't know, but through hysterical tears I somehow made it to tell my husband. My husband and I are fact-driven people, he a scientist and me an attorney. We function on statistics, logic, and reasoned decision-making. So we set to researching encephaloceles and their outcomes; the news was grim. Our daughter, she was a girl as we would later learn, had only a 20% chance of surviving to birth and just a 50% chance of surviving after that. And this was pure survival, just being alive, while her likelihood of brain damage and a life lived in a hospital hooked up to machines was high.
As much as it was a horrible decision to make, it was one that was clear to us. Neither my husband nor I felt that it was fair to our daughter to continue on with the pregnancy given her severe complications. We could not envision a life where she would spend what little time she might have on earth in pain, in a hospital, hooked up to machines keeping her alive. That choice was ours and ours alone. It was made in consideration of our daughter, our marriage, our family, and the son that we already had.
On 5-7-2013, I had an abortion. You can call it a termination for medical reasons. You can say it was "justified" because my daughter had severe health issues that would have likely precluded her from surviving or would have only allowed her a life filled with suffering and pain even if she did survive. But let's call a spade a spade. I had an elective abortion. I exercised my right to choose, a right that is under extreme attack in America.
This attack on the right to choose is not new, but it has garnered new-found steam post-election, and I am furiously afraid for those people who may be placed in a similar situation to mine. As crazy as it may sound, in many ways, I was lucky. I was blessed to have health insurance which covered a first trimester ultrasound. I was fortunate that the technician I had was skilled enough to detect my daughter's issue at 13 weeks when most encephaloceles are not diagnosed until the anatomy scan at 20 weeks. I was able to have an abortion at 14 weeks, still considered the first trimester, when abortion regulations are not as stringent in most states. And I am particularly privileged that I live in California, where my right to choose is not under attack, where I was able to quickly locate a local OB willing to perform my surgery who was in my insurance network, where my insurance paid for the procedure, and where I received compassionate and amazing care from every health care provider I encountered, none of whom questioned the choice I was making.
Not all women in America in 2016 are so lucky. I know many of them from the termination groups that I am a part of online and their stories of abortion are as varied as the people that make up our great nation. Some were lucky like me to find out early in pregnancy. Many more found out at their anatomy scan around 20 weeks, as many fetal issues cannot be diagnosed any earlier. Others did not have diagnoses until much later in pregnancy, given the need for follow-up testing and doctor's visits or for abnormalities that occur late in development. Some had to travel hours to get an abortion. Some traveled across state lines. Many had to pay thousands of dollars out of pocket for their procedures, some even more.
Many of these women would not even have been able to access abortions were the new administration to restrict abortion access as they would like. Even for those who could technically access an abortion, the cost and challenge of getting access would place unfair burdens on many women across the country.
My termination story is unique, but the right to choose is a right that many people exercise. Chances are that every person reading this knows someone who has had an abortion, for whatever reason. Their choice, like mine, was theirs and theirs alone to make. And I stand by them. Our President-elect and his administration do not. And that terrifies me.
- Marne Sussman is an environmental attorney in San Francisco. She enjoys traveling and spending time with her family, and fervently hopes that her daughter will not have to fight the same wars that she is.
Marne Sussman is an environmental attorney in San Francisco. She enjoys traveling and spending time with her family, and fervently hopes that her daughter will not have to fight the same wars that she is.


I have been enjoying beer passionately for around 25 years. I am a certified international beer sommelier and zythologist (beer expert) and Certified Cicerone®, providing beer & food master classes, both in the Netherlands and abroad.
You can frequently see me on Dutch TV as the go-to beer expert of the KRO-NCRV programme BinnensteBuiten on NPO2. You can also hear me on the radio in the Netherlands, enthusiastically talking about beer based on my knowledge and stories.
As the owner of the National Beer Bank, I store beer for further maturing. I also love hosting the amazing Beer Days at Fort bij Spijkerboor and Fort Everdingen.
Go to Bierspijs.nl to read what to bear in mind when combining beer and food.
Experiencing beer is done best when drinking beer from the correct glass. The specially designed Enjoying Beer glasses allow for optimal tasting of any beer.
I publish weekly beer vlogs about a range of beer-related subjects.
You can expand your knowledge of beer with my books 'Beer & Food', 'Explore the taste of beer' or 'What you should know as a beer fan'.


text:
Guardians High-A affiliate, Lake County Captains, under new ownership
The Guardians High-A affiliate baseball team, the Lake County Captains, announced new ownership on Tuesday, with plans to invest in the team and community.
By: Camryn Justice
EASTLAKE, Ohio — The Guardians High-A affiliate baseball team, the Lake County Captains, announced new ownership Tuesday, with plans to invest in the team and community.
Entrepreneur Alan Miller and former NFL punter Jon Ryan, who both own COLLiDE Sport and the Portland Pickles baseball team, have taken over as majority owners of the Captains.
The two take over majority ownership after Peter and Rita Carfangna, along with Ray and Katie Murphy, purchased the Georgia Redstixx and moved them to Eastlake in 2003.
During the announcement, Miller and Ryan shared their excitement to invest in the team and release upcoming throwback merchandise, new food and beverage at Classic Park, new ballpark activities for families to enjoy and other initiatives.
The duo cracked open beers and gave a cheers during the presser announcing their ownership.
"We are thrilled to partner with the Cleveland Guardians organization to bring our passion for baseball and fun to Northeast Ohio," said Miller in a press release.
The Captains generate close to $5 million annually in local economic impact and community outreach, something Miller and Ryan plan to continue.
As part of the announcement of new ownership, the team also announced new ticket memberships and merchandise for the 20th anniversary of the team. For more information, click here.
Watch live and local news any time:
Download the News 5 Cleveland app now for more stories from us, plus alerts on major news, the latest weather forecast, traffic information and much more. Download now on your Apple device here, and your Android device here.
You can also catch News 5 Cleveland on Roku, Apple TV, Amazon Fire TV, YouTube TV, DIRECTV NOW, Hulu Live and more. We're also on Amazon Alexa devices. Learn more about our streaming options here.


text:
← Thailand not a 'Land of Smiles' for great apes
Great Ape trafficking — an expanding extractive industry →
Great ape trafficking to Qatar for pets – and safari parks?
A story published on 16 March 2016 in the Doha News reported that a man was apprehended trying to sell a baby chimpanzee by a patrol from the Department of Environmental Protection. No details were given, but if a patrol saw it the man must have been trying to sell it outdoors. A person commenting on the story said that he had once seen it at the Wakra roundabout in Doha.
A photograph accompanying the story showed a miserable baby chimpanzee on a car seat wearing a child's pajamas. The pajamas looked familiar.
One of the online traffickers PEGAS has been monitoring, located in Qatar, posted a video on 18 February of the baby chimpanzee that was later seized. The pajamas are identical with those in the newspaper report and the size and facial characteristics of the infant in the photograph and video are the same.
The baby chimpanzee seized in Doha in mid March 2016
This is the seized chimpanzee. This video post from 29 February demonstrates that a dealer was offering the chimpanzee for sale online for 75,000 rials, about USD 20,600.
The commentary displayed on the video post shows that the man was offering the chimpanzee for sale for 75,000 Qatar rials (about USD 20,600). It looked like he had a buyer, as one commentator asked that the dealer call him at a number provided. Apparently, the deal was not concluded. He also advertised it for sale on a Kuwaiti traffickers post on 29 February.
The dealer in Doha posted that he had a chimpanzee for sale on an Instagram page of a trafficker based in Kuwait.
Another infant chimpanzee was seized in November last year in Doha and the trafficker was arrested, though no further information is currently available on what has happened to the accused or the chimpanzee. The article said that the chimpanzee was sent to the Doha Zoo, but the zoo closed in 2012. Some animals are being moved to the Al Khor Park, and others were supposed to be moved to shelters in Rawdat Al Faras farm, but the fate of the two infant chimpanzees is unknown.
Another infant chimpanzee seized in Doha in November 2015. (Photo: The Peninsula newspaper)
There were three other adult chimps already living in Doha Zoo (Rita, Timmy and Tina) and what has become of them is also unknown. PEGAS is making enquiries.
Rita, Timmy and Tina, three chimpanzees about 15 years old in Doha Zoo. (Photo: Hilda Tresz)
Qatar is currently constructing a new zoo and safari park that is supposed to be the biggest in the region. The new zoo will cover 75 hectares, seven times the size of the current facility, and it will be divided into several regions representing the natural and climatic features of three continents, with a planned 3,000 animals. There will be a combination of drive and walk through exhibits and other facilities. It is expected to open at the end of 2017.
Schema of the new 75-hectare Doha Zoo planned to hold 3,000 animals. How many will be great apes and where will they come from?
This joins the safari park type expansions of the Dubai and Al Ain zoos in the UAE. Thousands of wild animals are pouring into the Gulf region to supply these new developments. Conservationists concerned about illegal wildlife trade need to monitor the sourcing of these animals carefully.
A government spokesman said that the new Doha Zoo "will be an entertainment outlet for the country's residents and tourists". PEGAS hopes that the "entertainment" does not take after what is seen in some places in East Asia, where great ape infants are used as photo props with visitors and juveniles are trained to perform in front of fee-paying audiences. Will this be the fate of the two chimpanzee infants?
PEGAS has written to the Qatari CITES office enquiring about the possibility of relocating the chimpanzees to Sweetwaters Chimpanzee Sanctuary, but has yet to receive a response. There is precedence. In 2001 two baby chimpanzees smuggled in to Qatar with a shipment of birds from Nigeria were sent to Chimfunshi sanctuary in Zambia.
If you would like to help, please write to:
Mr. Fawaz Al-Sowaidi
Director of Protected Areas and Wildlife Department
Head of CITES Management Authority
Email: fasowaidi@moe.gov.qa
Politely enquire about the fate of the two seized chimpanzee infants and respectfully suggest that they should be sent to an appropriate facility that can offer secure and nurturing care in the company of other chimpanzees. Ol Pejeta Conservancy is one of the few wildlife establishments in the world that can offer to cover all transport costs, through the PEGAS project, and lifetime care for chimpanzees in need of a home.
3 responses to "Great ape trafficking to Qatar for pets – and safari parks?"
Jenny Wilson | August 17, 2016 at 3:16 am | Reply
Thank you for checking on the fate of these chimps. I am especially worried about Rita, Timmy and Tina. I used to live in Qatar and worked with Hilda Tresz to help get the three chimps to be able to live together. Please contact me if you hear any news of their whereabouts and conditions of living. I would like to do anything I can to ease their lives. I live in the States now. Thank you for all you do.
Jenny Wilson
Former JGI Representative
Joshua Grimes | August 23, 2017 at 8:59 pm | Reply
I'm curious where I can see the videos the trafficker posted mentioned in the article. I'm sure I'll find it sad and wish I hadn't seen it but a picture is worth a thousand words and a video is worth a thousand pictures. They're body language and surroundings are always very telling.
PEGAS | August 24, 2017 at 5:06 am | Reply
The videos and photos were on https://www.instagram.com/qatar600/. I don't have time right now to see if they are still there, but if you do, scroll down to February 2016 and November 2015 posts. Let me know at pegas@olpejetaconservancy.org.


text:
Jordan retakes lands leased by Israel in 1994 peace accord
OMAR AMOUR
Associated Press November 11, 2019
AMMAN, Jordan (AP) -- Jordan's king announced Sunday that his country is retaking "full sovereignty" over two pieces of land leased by Israel, reflecting the cool relations between the neighboring countries as they mark the 25th anniversary of their landmark peace deal.
King Abdullah II had said last year that he wouldn't renew the parts of the 1994 treaty that gave Israel a 25-year lease of the two small areas, Baqura and Ghamr. Even amid mistrust and a looming deadline, Israel was hoping a solution could be found.
But in a speech to parliament, the king appeared to put an end to that.
"Today, I announce the expiration of the Peace Treaty annexes on Ghamr and al-Baqura and the imposition of our full sovereignty over every inch of those lands," he said.
The Israeli and Jordanian foreign ministries announced that Israeli farmers would be allowed to harvest this season's crops in Ghamr, known in Hebrew as Tsofar. They also said that Jordan would respect private land ownership rights at Baqura, or Naharayim in Hebrew.
But Jordan's Foreign Ministry said farmers would require a visa and have to enter through the country through official border crossings, instead of the former system in which they could simply enter the areas freely.
"Israel regrets Jordan's decision to terminate the annexes," the Israeli Foreign Ministry said.
The announcement marked a new blow to relations that, after the treaty, began with great optimism but have steadily deteriorated. Jordan's agreement is only the second peace deal between Israel and an Arab country, following Egypt.
The accord remains a vital strategic asset for both countries, which maintain tight security cooperation and joint economic projects. But Israel's occupation of the West Bank and its policies in east Jerusalem, where Jordan has custodial rights over Muslim holy sites, have repeatedly raised tensions over the years.
In Jordan, where over half the population are believed to be Palestinian refugees or their descendants, public opinion has remained largely against normalized relations with Israel.
Just two weeks ago, Jordan recalled its ambassador to Israel in protest against the detention of two Jordanians for suspected security offenses. They were released last week after being held for two months. They were detained while entering the West Bank from Jordan through an Israeli-controlled crossing.
Baqura and Ghamr were leased to Jewish farmers early last century.
They became part of Jordan after the kingdom gained independence from Britain in 1946.
Baqura, in the northern Jordan Valley, was captured by Israel in 1950 and covers around 200 acres. Ghamr, near the city of Aqaba in southern Jordan, was seized in the 1967 Mideast War and encompasses around 1,000 acres. Neither area is inhabited.
The leases were incorporated into the Oct. 26, 1994, peace deal as symbols of peace and friendship.
Baqura's spot on the Jordan River had made it a popular tourist site for Israelis and included a small park and picnic area as well as an "island of peace" in Jordanian territory that Israelis can visit.
But the site also has a painful history. In 1997, a Jordanian soldier opened fire at an Israeli crowd, killing seven schoolgirls on a class trip.
The late King Hussein visited Israel shortly after the attack to personally apologize to the families of the victims. The king remains a beloved figure in Israel for what was seen as a courageous act.
Bernie Sanders' Electability Is On The Ballot In Iowa Caucuses
CORRECTING and REPLACING Nobel Laureate Leads MedTech Startups Addressing China's Deadly Virus at OurCrowd Global Investor Summit
Abu Dis, the 'Palestinian capital' that doesn't want the job
Sanders follows a path to the nomination blazed by — Donald Trump
Colorado Republican Cory Gardner Is a 'No' for Impeachment Witnesses


<--- GET A FREE BUICK ESTATE ENGINE PRICE QUOTE!
The Buick Estate was a named used for Buick's full size station wagons. The name was given to vehicles for the first time buy Buick back in 1940 on something called the Super model.
When the car was reintroduced for the 1970's, the B body was only used for the first year - 1970. After that Buick shifted over to using the C body. These station wagons would share a new design concept with other station wagons developed by General Motors known as the clam shell tailgate. The clam shell tail gate was an extremely popular concept with most american families. The 1974 and 1975 station wagons would become the biggest ever built by American auto manufacturers to date.


text:
Enrique Ochoa va ser un polític veneçolà. Va ser membre fundador del Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS) des de 1971 del qual va arribar a ser secretari general. Va ser activista de drets humans. Durant els esdeveniments del 27 de febrer de 1989, conegut com el Caracazo, va fundar el Comitè de Familiars de les Víctimes (desaparegut i executat) aconseguint la ubicació de la fossa comuna de La Peste.

Va escriure i va publicar dos llibres: "Els cops de febrer: del 27 F al 4 F" i " Adéu al MAS? ". Va ser Secretari Executiu del Comando de Campanya de Manuel Rosales, candidat de l'oposició d'Hugo Chávez en les eleccions presidencials de 2006 i actualment és membre fundador i Secretari Executiu Nacional d'Un Nou Temps, primer partit de l'oposició.

Polítics de Caracas

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


1.2 What is Firehouse Survey?
Are you visit the Firehouse Subs Restaurant recently? then this is the good news for you. Firehouse Subs Survey which held by the Firehouse Restaurant at its online website for knowing about your visit experience at the Restaurant. Firehouse Survey gives a chance to win Firehouse Subs Sweepstakes. we prefer to take this online Firehouse Feedback Survey. Because it's free and you have profited from it.
Firehouse Subs Customers Survey announced the prize worth Firehouse Subs Coupons, Promo Codes $500 Cash after completing the Firehouse Guest Survey. This is the best way to earn money online which helps you and also help the Firehouse Company to upgrade their Service and Food quality. If you take the survey then you will Be able to win $500 USD Cash Firehouse Subs Survey Sweepstakes. If you want to take the survey the read our whole post gently.
The customer might be confused about the Survey related questions like What is the Firehouse Subs Survey? or Why we give truthful Feedback to the Survey? ten here is your answer. Due to this survey Company will find out the problems which occur with you at the Firehouse Subs Resturant and they try to solve them. This is the main aim of an online survey. Your loyal feedback helps Restaurant Chain to improve their service to feel and serves you in a better way at next visit. This survey nothing bus the sharing way of the information which helps both of Company and Customers also to win some huge Rewards.
This survey enables a way to get the prize of worth Firehouse Subs Coupons $500 Cash by Completing the Simple and short Firehouse Subs Survey. The minimum requirement and conditions are users have to purchase any food and take the purchase receipt because the receipt holds Firehouse Subs Coupons the Survey code which is important to get the entry in Survey sweepstakes. Now, understands the Survey terms and conditions given below.
Purchase receipt with Firehouse Subs Coupon Survey entry Code and the Purchase amount is needed to take the online Survey.
Users have to Connect to the online website then you have a device with internet access is required.
English or Spanish Language awareness is the required for taking this survey.
The Survey Users age must be 16 years older to take this Firehouse Survey.
Restaurant Employees or their family members are not allotted to give this survey.
An individual person can give this Survey by one visit receipt and Survey Code only Firehouse Subs Coupons.
Personal Details should be provided to know about the winner's list.
The legal residents of one of 50 states in the US are the allowed to take this Feedback Survey.
Visit a Firehouse Survey site – Users have to accomplish the survey at the Survey official site www.firehouselistens.com Then users have to click on the "Start" button to begin taking the Customers Feedback Survey.
Enter The Survey Code – After that, users have to fill up the Validation number and the total amount of purchase. firehouse subs coupon then click on "NEXT" to enter in Survey.
Select Language – Select the Comfortable language from ENGLISH or SPANISH.
Answer the questionnaires – In Feedback Page users have to answer some question related to the problems at Restaurant and What you feel about the Restaurant cleanness, Food Quality and the environment which is helpful to improve in the Restaurant.
Enter the required information – Users needed to give their Personal details to get the entry Firehouse Subs Survey Sweepstakes to win the Survey Rewards Worth firehouse subs coupon $500 USD Cash.
Survey Completion – Finally, Users have to wait for the announcement of the lucky winners. Who recognizes you will be a winner if you are lucky enough.


The IP address of this site is 109.237.138.6, it servers in the Germany. City: Halle ISP: Alfahosting GmbH Continent Code: EU the estimated worth: $5,658 .
Based on these statistics estimated worth of this site is $6,230.


text:
Equal Employment Opportunity and Diversity Division
Programs for Employees with Disabilities
Reasonable Accommodations at DHS
Filing an EEO Complaint
EEO Complaints and Adjudication
EEO Diversity Management
EEO at DHS Headquarters
Home > About DHS > Organization > Office of the Secretary > Civil Rights and Civil Liberties > Equal Employment Opportunity and Diversity Division > Homeland Security No FEAR Act Reporting
Homeland Security No FEAR Act Reporting
Section 202(a) of the Notification and Federal Employee Antidiscrimination and Retaliation (No FEAR) Act, Pub. L. 107-74, Title I, General Provisions, Section 101(1), requires each federal agency to provide written notification of the rights and protections available to federal employees, former federal employees, and applicants for federal employment under federal antidiscrimination and whistleblower laws listed in the No FEAR Act. In support of this requirement, Secretary Napolitano issued a memo to all Department employees reiterating the Department's commitment to the No FEAR Act of 2002. In addition, the Secretary issued a new anti-discrimination policy statement.
5 CFR 724.202 requires federal agencies to publish this notification in the Federal Register. This Federal Register publication specifically provides notice to the general public that individuals seeking to pursue an Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) complaint must contact a Department of Homeland Security EEO counselor within 45 calendar days of the alleged discriminatory action, or, in the case of a personnel action, within 45 calendar days of the effective date of the action.
Pursuant to Title III of the No FEAR Act and 29 CFR § 1614, federal agencies are required to post quarterly on their public Web sites certain summary statistical data relating to equal employment opportunity complaints filed against the respective agencies. In compliance with this provision of the No FEAR Act, the Department of Homeland Security posts cumulative statistical data for equal employment opportunity complaints for the entire department. Individual Department agencies have been instructed to post on their own respective public Web sites statistical data for equal employment opportunity complaints that originate in their agencies. A link to data posted by individual Department agencies is provided below. Statistical data for complaints that originate at Homeland Security headquarters is also posted separately. This data is updated on a quarterly basis.
Pursuant to Title II of the No FEAR Act, federal agencies, no later than 180 days after the end of each fiscal year, are required to submit an annual report to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the President Pro Tempore of the Senate, the Committee on Governmental Affairs of the Senate, the Committee on Government Reform of the House of Representatives, each committee of Congress with jurisdiction relating to the agency, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, and the Attorney General. The No FEAR Act Annual Report shall have specific information relating to each agency's EEO complaints activity (including federal district court cases) and resulting disciplinary actions, Judgment Fund reimbursements, adjustments to agency budgets to meet reimbursement requirements, as well as an analysis of trends, causation, and practical knowledge gained through experience.
During FY 2007, the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) also implemented regulations at 5 CFR § 724, providing final guidance on the preparation and submission of this report, including a requirement to submit a copy of the report to Director of OPM.
No FEAR Act Annual Reports to Congress
Department of Homeland Security Statistical Data for Equal Employment Opportunity Complaints
Current and Historic Data for the Department
Current and Historical Data at Department Component Agencies
Department of Homeland Security Headquarters (HQ)
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC)
Transportation Security Administration (TSA)
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)
U.S. Coast Guard (USCG)
U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)
U.S. Secret Service (USSS)
By mail or phone:
Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties
2707 Martin Luther King, Jr. Avenue, SE
crcl.eeo@hq.dhs.gov


text:
The University of Stirling is an international university with a global reputation for high-quality teaching and research. By striving for success, our teaching and research makes a real and demonstrable impact on the economy, environment and society, in Scotland and beyond.
The Strategic Plan 2016-2021 set ambitious targets, underpinning a vision to be recognised across the world as a university that addresses the needs of society through innovative interdisciplinary research, learning and teaching of the highest quality and by sharing our knowledge with the world.
View the Strategic Plan 2016-2021 (PDF)
Strategic Plan Addendum 2021-23
The emergence and subsequent consequences of COVID-19 signalled a rethink of the timeline and development of the next Strategic Plan, initially intended to be a 2021-26 strategy. Reflecting on the challenges presented by the pandemic and our focus on recovery, University Court approved the development of an Addendum to the current Strategic Plan for the period 2021-23.
The Addendum continues the existing headline vision: to be one of the top 25 universities in the UK, to increase income by £50m, to enhance the research profile by 100 percent and to ensure internationalisation is at the heart of everything we do. It highlights the key achievements from 2016-2021 and sets out the strategic priorities for 2021-23 to deliver further progress towards our overarching ambitions.
The Addendum period may be viewed as a transitional phase, during which the University would continue to respond to the live events and disruptions caused by Covid-19 while, more crucially, preparing for and enabling sustained success post-Covid. Following conclusion of the Addendum period, it would be the University's intention to bring forward a five-year strategy (2023-28).
View the Strategic Plan Addendum 2021-23 (PDF)
免费高清理伦片A片试看,四虎影视永久在线观看,国产网红无码精品视频


Millennials prefer convenience. Be it chopped fruits, vegetables, dairy, or semi-cooked meals; frozen food comes up like a savior in this busy lifestyle. In fact, Nutritionists believe that frozen food can actually be healthier than their off-season counterparts. But, what's most desirable is an effective frozen food packaging.
What Are the Suitable Frozen Food Packaging Materials?
During freezing, most frozen food products expand up to 9% depending on their moisture content. Therefore, the frozen food packaging material needs to be strong and flexible to accommodate these changes.
It should be able to withstand freezing temperatures between zero degrees to -40 degrees.
The visual appeal so that customer gets to know your product well before consumption.
Sustaining sealing, freezing, storage, transportation, and sometimes cooking pressure.
Pack well the sharp edges (if any) of the frozen food product.
The common choices for frozen food packaging include tin cans, cardboard, laminated paper, and flexible and rigid plastic materials. Fresh vegetables, fruits, and dressed meat also use simple shrink wraps. Following are some of the popular frozen food packaging materials.
Polyethylene (PE) film – PE films can withstand temperature as low as -40 degrees without compromising film quality. They also deliver good mechanical strength and puncture resistance during low-temperature transportation, handling, and storage. In addition, PE films are printable and can be layered for extra protection.
PE derivatives – Different types of plastics like HDPE, LDPE, Polypropylene, etc. are used for making frozen food packaging. This include shrink wraps, rigid and flexible packaging, and also at times single-use disposable packaging. Plastic is desirable because it can withstand a wide range of temperature and provides insulation to the products from the outer environment.
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) – PET can withstand abrupt temperature change. Hence, it is generally used for boil-in-the-bag or microwaveable frozen product packagings. Rigid frozen food packaging also uses PET derivatives.
Cardboard and laminated paper – These are commonly seen in FMCG products like ice-creams, curds, fresh fruit juices etc. However, this packaging has a limited life after taking the product off from the freezer.
Tin cans – Tin cans are the traditional frozen food packaging material. But, PET and PE are taking over metal cans because they are more economical. However, known brands still use tin cans to retain their brand identity.
Hygiene is very important for frozen food packaging. Although deep-freezing prevents the growth of microbes, contamination is not good in the long run. Manufacturers can set cleaning machinery within packaging and assembly line. Following are some good practices for packaging hygiene.
Moisture is home to many bacteria and fungi. Dry wipedown is a technique of cleaning the packaging and product with a microfiber cloth at room temperature. This not only cleans the item but also makes them dry and ready for packaging.
It is also known as soft-wash. In this technique, low-pressure nozzles spray distilled water or specialized solutions to wash off bacteria from the surface. Large manufacturing plants with in-house packaging and assembly line practice low-pressure cleaning. However, this method is advisable for medium and small scale frozen food manufacturers to enhance the shelf life of their products.
High-pressure cleaning is applicable to the whole food items like packaging farm-fresh produces. Before packaging, fruits and vegetables are washed to prevent contamination through soil-borne bacteria. Generally, the package of high-pressure cleaning equipment for frozen food packaging includes spray nozzles, air-dryer, and hot/cold water setting.
For example, the SVC series of VFFS (vertical forming, filling, and sealing) technology from Bosch Packaging Technology incorporates the hygiene standards for frozen food packaging.
Freezer grade labels and printing are important while designing frozen food packaging labels. The frozen food is stored below zero degrees hence, the adhesives should also be capable of sustaining such low temperatures.
Blank sheet labels with freezer adhesives coated on paper or vinyl stock.
Vinyl sheet labels with laser printing can sustain ice cold water and high degree moisture.
Blank roll labels – These are suitable for automatic label application for packaging frozen food. Thermal transfer, direct thermal, or continuous inkjet/laser are common methods for printing roll labels.
An important factor to note about frozen food packaging labels is that – the package surface is not always plain. They can be rigid trays or irregular surfaces of films, bags, heat-shrink films, or vacuum packs. Hence, before finalizing the type of label, one should also keep in mind the surface of the packaging. This information about types of printing on labels can be useful.
Direct heat sealing – This system uses two jaws with a constant high temperature to seal the openings of a wide range of plastic packaging materials. It is suitable especially for thicker films like polypropylene.
VFFS – Vertical forming, filling, and sealing technology is a package system of filling and sealing the frozen food packaging within the same production line. This method is generally deployed by medium to large scale manufacturers.
Impulse heat sealing – This sealing system applies an electric current on impulse. A piece of wire is heated and cooled instantly once the sealing process is complete. Impulse heat sealing is a low-cost alternative to direct heat sealing method.
Apart from these, zip-lock closures and resealable pouches are gaining popularity in the frozen food sector because of the convenience they offer.
A good quality zip-lock ensures sealing like protection for frozen food. Also, many manufacturers add zip-lock along with heat sealing at a distance for consumers' benefit.
What Are the Important Frozen Food Packaging Design Considerations?
Imagine a can of berries falling off your hands while taking them off from the freezer and putting them in your cart. Or, what if your hands become wet, you would not worry the water droplets might spoil the other items. Or, the worst of all, your product reaches the retailer in a distorted shape.
One way to look at is its the supply and store management responsibility. But, on the other hand, because of packaging, your product did not sell somehow. To prevent such situations, you can consider the following design hacks.
While designing packaging, instead of a plain surface, you can have patterns. Patterns create friction between hands and product, which avoids slipping.
Another trick is to laminate the interior of the cardboard packaging for moisture resistance. Cardboard can absorb little water droplets formed due to the higher outside temperature.
Packagings go through a lot during transit. Vibrations, jerks, temperature change, handling, mishandling, etc. are to name a few. Following tricks can help sustain your product while transferring from manufacturer to retailers.
Filling the product just right. Luring customer with oversized packaging is something manufacturers should avoid. The right side of the packaging can help keep the items inside intact.
Sealing the packaging properly can prevent spillage.
Avoiding sharp edges in packaging design so that adjacent packets do not get tampered.
Proper insulation: This can help the product withstand varying temperature and pressure during transit.
Most frozen foods are visible from the transparent refrigerator door. The packaging having color combination and graphics according to the target customer has a better chance of purchase.
For example, Chobani kids yogurt packaging contains vibrant colors and illustrative graphics. It is sufficient to make the kids curious and interested in the product.
Learn more on food packaging trends here!


text:
The Victorinox knife: my 3-minute review
March 31, 2021 March 31, 2021 ~ Howard Freeman
Recently I reviewed the Dexter knife, and today I'll review my new Victorinox knife. Specifically, I bought the Victorinox 45520 Fibrox Pro Knife, 8-Inch Chef's FFP, 8 Inch, Black, off Amazon, if you'd like to see additional details for the model discussed here.
I was enamored with the Dexter as my go-to in the kitchen. It was my everyday chef knife that met every onion with the same dispassionate desire to chop and mince. It wasn't personal; just business.
Not long before that, I had ordered a Misen, something I mentioned in the Dexter review, but so far it has been like that shiny sports car you leave in the garage to show friends when they come over for drinks. It takes a lot of personal days off from work because it's doing its hair and make-up, and I'm not so sure it's the most practical tool: it's heavy and doesn't have the grip and durability that the Dexter and my new Victorinox knife do. And the blue handle makes it look like a golden Ford F-150.
The Victorinox knife is only in the "Top 10"?
This is where we get into the key features of the Victorinox: weight, durability and sharpness.
Let me outline the key features of the Victorinox versus the other chef's knives that Amazon says are higher rated, which means only that more people bought the other five. And what that means is that they were bought probably by amateurs like me, because pros would probably buy from their kitchen supply store, whether retail location or online.
Before going much further, I should probably give a shout-out to fellow Instagrammer @jenschefsupply, who told me about the knife.
A post shared by JEN'S CHEF SUPPLY (@jenschefsupply)
The chart below shows Amazon's top-selling chef's knives. This is based on sales and is not necessarily an indication of quality as rated by chefs themselves. But if you assume that sales and reviews on purchases roughly indicate quality, then sales documented by Amazon is an acceptable metric. And as I mentioned if you remember that we who are reading this are most likely not professional chefs but passionate foodies and home-based cooks, then you'll agree that what we want is a knife that does the job well but doesn't break the bank.
(NOTE: I substituted the Utopia (#9 on the list) for the #5 Home Hero, since the latter is a set of seven knives and therefore can't be compared with the others listed.)
Babish DDF Paudin Pro Michelangelo Utopia Victorinox
Weight 13.1 oz 19.2 oz 6.8 oz 11.1 oz 10 oz 7.5 oz
(out of stock) $12.99 $20.79 $36.24 $8.94 $45.95
(1-5 stars; 5 is best) N/A
(out of stock,
so who cares?) 4.7
review 4.6
It's clear that the Victorinox knife is more expensive by far, but it has a much higher overall rating, based on buyers' reviews. And I say "much" higher, because it has three times the numbers of reviewers and still has the highest rating.
The Victorinox is also lighter than any but the Paudin. (But do you really want the Paudin? Look at its fru-fru handle, and can you hear yourself saying to someone in your kitchen, "Hey, would you please hand me that Paudin?" No. No, you can't.)
Reviewers who gave the Victorinox a 1-star rating complained that it didn't stay sharp after a year or so. But the top review said this:
The blade came sharp, I keep it sharp with a honing rod and I bought a wet stone [sic] but have not had to sharpen it yet due to the honing rod doing what it should.
"Derek" on Amazon reviews
Critical buyers of the Victorinox knife also complained about the "cheapness" of the plastic handle, but it was only later that they saw the wisdom of its lightness, grip and durability.
As for price, you pretty much always get what you pay for. (Except for the Misen. I paid the same as I paid for my Victorinox, but it's mostly sitting in the garage.) One buyer of the Utopia knife found that it falsely advertised having a single tang, when in fact it broke at the handle, either because it was soldered or was weak. Another reviewer said she found the blade rusting a few weeks after purchase.
Any of us who owned a Swiss Army knife as a kid knows inherently that its maker, Victorinox, is a quality manufacturer.
And then, of course, there's this:
Yes, yes, yes.
I know that "The Sound of Music" is based in Austria during World War II, and that Victorinox is a Swiss company, but the real significance here is that because Swiss Victorinox sat on its neutral ass during the war meant that it could continue producing knives that not only help the chef but also the 12-year-old Boy Scout who wants to remove a splinter from his index finger.
Can we please be practical here and not ideologues?
Concluding thoughts on the Victorinox knife
I thought that I'd found "my knife" when I got the Dexter. And don't get me wrong; it's great. But I've found the Victorinox to be just as light, its point feels sharper and more effective, and knowing who the company is gives me a lot of assurance. They've been around for 130 years for a good reason, and it's not just that they didn't want to catch a bullet in 1941.
Below, once again, is Amazon's selection of similar knives. I'm keen only on those knives that are sharp, light and durable. The others can go hang.
Posted in Food, Reviews
< Previous Recipes with Italian sweet sausage: "Skip A Rope Risotto"
Next > How to cure ham: My "maiden voyage"


Below are very cute VW vans which I am sure you will adore!
And to go for a cute lunch bag designed as a Volkswagen, just click on the image below!
And it's always a good idea to learn the history from a book!


Nubank, a Brazil-based financial startup, has raised $150m in a new financing round as part of a strategy to boost growth.
The latest financing round was led by venture capital firm DST Global Investment Partners, along with other current investors including Founders Fund, Redpoint Ventures, Ribbit Capital LP and QED.
Additionally, two new firms also joined in the Nubank's sixth financing round -Dragoneer Investment Group and Thrive Capital Partners.
Since its inception in 2013, Nubank has raised approximately $330m.
Nubank founder David Vélez said the startup will invest the proceeds to chart its growth.
The São Paulo-based startup secured the required regulatory approval to become a bank in January. The company wants to tap the 60 million Brazilians who do not have a bank account.
Last October, Nubank announced its plans to offer digital accounts to enable users to make transfers, pay bills and earn more interest than average savings account.


text:
Heksametafosforan sodu – nieorganiczny związek chemiczny, sól kwasu metafosforowego i sodu. Wykorzystywany jako środek zmiękczający wodę w wielu gałęziach przemysłu (np. włókienniczym, skórzanym, szklarskim, ceramicznym, barwnikarskim), jak również w środkach piorących i detergentach.

Przypisy

Sodu, heksametafosforan
Nieorganiczne sole sodu