In May 2011, the Company separated, in the Wrocław branch, the furniture logistics department. The person responsible for this department is our widely experienced employee Piotr Słomski.
The creation of a separate department specialising in transport of furniture was a natural step, confirming our 20 years of experience in the handling of these goods which are extremely difficult for transportation.
This decision is aimed at providing a still better service for existing customers in the furniture industry and at the attracting of new accounts.


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Imminent humanitarian disaster to befall on Gaza as Israel's military attack continues
The humanitarian situation in the Gaza Strip continues to deteriorate as the ongoing Israeli military offensive reaches its eighth day, Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor said today in a statement, warning that basic service sectors might collapse if the attacks persist.
The intense bombings carried out by Israeli forces have caused the destruction of hundreds of homes and service facilities and greatly affected electricity, water and sanitation services in many areas of Gaza. This threatens the city and its citizens with serious health and environmental repercussions.
The Israeli military attack on Gaza must immediately end since it violates international humanitarian law.
The constant bombings affected large parts of the electricity network, most notably the suspension of several main feeder lines while other parts were irreparably damaged.
Since the Kerem Shalom crossing, the only designated way for fuel to enter was closed at the beginning of the attack, the sole power station in Gaza is about to stop operating.
Stopping the power plant and disrupting supply lines would exacerbate the current crisis and would have a serious impact on the basic services in the Gaza Strip, and affect the citizens' access to water and sanitation services.
Many of Gaza's neighbourhoods have been suffering interruptions to their water supply for days, especially since the bombings destroyed many water and sewage lines.
The Israeli army has carried out a large-scale destruction of more than 70 roads that stretch several kilometers, so far, to cut off mobility between many neighbourhoods. The bombings focused on the roads leading to Al-Shifa Medical Complex, Gaza first medical facility, to impede the movement of aid.
About 40,000 are internally displaced due to the bombings and suffer difficult conditions in shelter centers in UNRWA schools in the governorates of North Gaza, Gaza City, the Central Governorate and Rafah Governorate. Those displaced have only received initial aid from local initiatives that did not meet their minimum needs.
In addition, the inadequate conditions they live in due to the lack of water and health services increases the risk of transmitting the Coronavirus, which is rampant in the Gaza Strip.
Due to lack of safety, large quantities of waste accumulated in the Gaza Strip, as transporting them to the central waste dump in eastern Gaza is more dangerous since it is adjacent to the borders.
Hundreds of poultry farms also face difficulties in terms of providing feed and water or even access to some of these farms due to the state of closure .
The continuous bombing has caused almost complete disruption of life and production. This will have serious repercussions, especially for vulnerable groups who depend on daily paid jobs.
The relevant international institutions must secure a fast supply line to provide urgent needs for treating the wounded and assistance to all displaced and affected groups.
The international community and all actors must shoulder their responsibilities to provide full protection for health facilities and medical personnel and pressure Israel to stop its violent attacks on Gaza.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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'He doesn't give into fear': Amanda Keller praises beloved co-host Barry Du Bois
Amanda Keller has spoken out about her beloved The Living Room co-star Barry Du Bois. Source: Getty
Television presenter Amanda Keller has spoken out about her beloved The Living Room co-star Barry Du Bois, who is still battling cancer two years after his diagnosis.
Speaking to It's Your Day on Wednesday, Amanda said Barry was the "strongest person in the world" and millions of people can learn from him.
"He doesn't give into fear. He tells you there's something going on but he's fine… it's only when I saw the bigger picture that I got frightened for him to be honest," she told the publication.
"He's the strongest person in the world and there's no space for fear in his life. He gets up every day and he feels the most blessed man in the world, and that gift he gives to other people.
"What a gift it is for us to see how to live in the midst of what must be terrifying. Millions of us can learn from Barry."
Barry was diagnosed with plasmacytoma myeloma — cancer of the immune system — in 2017 for the second time, after first battling it in 2010, and he's since shared regular updates on his journey with his Aussie fans to inspire others to remain positive amid their own health battles.
Barry previously spoke about his illness in an exclusive chat with Starts at 60, revealing he doesn't currently require any chemo or radiotherapy, but is undergoing an experimental treatment to "fill in some holes that were once tumours in bones".
Read more: Barry Du Bois shares update on cancer fight ahead of The Living Room return
"I'm on an ongoing experimental treatment, which they're punching away with, but treatment is as much about the things you do as it is medicine," he explained. "My diet is in great shape, I'm getting great exercise, I'm having great conversations with beautiful people which is great for my brain."
Praising the constant support of his children and wife, he then added: "I've [also] got my beautiful friends on the Living Room … Your brain and psyche have to be in good shape, your gut has to be in good shape as well, [and] your muscles have to be in good shape."
Are you a fan of Barry Du Bois and Amanda Keller?
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I have seen it many times, the silent communication between a couple. Sunithakumari glances at her husband, Shaji; he swiftly moves towards her and she passes something from her clenched fist to his. As I say goodbye, Shaji comes closer and says - ' ith irrikkatte sarrae' ( Please keep this, Sir) and grabs my hand and tries to thrust the contents of his fist - before even touching it, I could see what it was - two or three currency notes of Rs.100/-.
I was the innards of Alleppey town, inspecting sites of prospective borrowers for housing loans. The govt had introduced a new scheme for the urban poor - Interest Subsidy Housing scheme for the Urban Poor - a subsidy of 5% less than the normal rate. As most of the applicants are either BPL ( Below Poverty Line) or EWS ( Economically Weaker Sections), the maximum loan that we were giving is Rs.1,60,000/- per applicant. Even though the quantum of amount is small, the work involved in processing a loan application is as same as a big loan. Bankers, understaffed and underpaid, curse under their breaths at the heavy load of work. I, for eg., have to process 57 applications within a month, that too amidst all the other duties I have.
But I enjoy it. It gives me immense pleasure to interact with these poor people, listen to them, discussing with them and be an instrument that provides succour. I tease their children, admire their little things, nod in agreement with their views; I am a tool, a catalyst in the realisation of their dream, their dream of having a roof over their heads. What I give is more than a little financial help; I give them dignity and self-respect.
" You extend your hand again and I am going to tear your application into two, do you understand?'. You offer me that bribe again and I will ensure that you never get a loan from anywhere'. Sunithakumari is aghast. 'Sir', she says, ' but everybody takes it, Sir, please don't be offended'. 'Maybe they do', I said, 'but not me'.
These are ordinary people; autorickshaw drivers, tailors, manual labourers, plumbers, workers in the coir factories, unpaid volunteers in the SHG programmes like Kudumbasree. People we might interact with everyday, casually. We would bicker and fight with them for the extra 5 or 10 rupees they charge, we would mourn how lazy and crafty they are. People whom we would like to forget. Yet, in Kerala, there is at present a silent revolution going on. Individuals and families who eke out a life are now supported by govt sponsored finance. Grass- root level neighbourhood groups are formed ( Kudumba sree / janasree) and involve in income-generating activities. The large majority of the members are women, who were till now mere housewives with no income of their own. These programmes have been very successful in empowering these women and giving them not only an income, but more importantly self-respect. Of course, there might be cheats and frauds among them, but in my experience with the poorer of our economic classes, I have found more honest people among them than in the middle classes.
Below are a few pictures of these families. They have built their dream houses till this level using their own funds and also with financial aids from the govt. And I - I am the last brush which would give their houses a coat of colour; and hopefully to their lives too.
Shaji is a manual labourer; Sunitha is a housemaid. A daughter studies for BSc Nursing, and the kid in 6th standard.
Mahesan is a tailor. Shyamala has studied up to Pre-degree and passed with First class but could not study further because her parents could not afford it. She works as a volunteer for SHGs, literacy programmes and in the National Rural Health Mission - unpaid. Their son is studying for BSc Chemistry. Mahesan proudly tells me that his son had a rank of 4000 in the Engg entrance, but they could not afford to pay the capitation fee. He says the boy is trying again, to get a higher rank so that he can get admission in Merit quota.
Anil is an autorickshaw driver. When he says he own his Auto and that he has fully repaid the loan for it, I can sense the quiet pride in his voice. Sandhya is a graceful, pretty woman; she supplements the family income by stitching Churidars and Nighties and blouses. I tell her about Parvati designing sarees and how she makes extra money with that. Sandhya is open-mouthed and asks me the details. That kid is a smart and lovable fellow.
Sarala works in the local coir factory. Sreekumar is a house painter. They have only one son - he is studying for CA. I explain the scheme to the boy and discuss bank auditing with him. The parents look on, proudly, how the 'Big Bank Sir' and their son talk in equal terms.
Rajesh is an artist. He designs and paints hoardings, works part-time in a shop that makes Flexboards. Sandhya - the way she looks at me, I feel her awe and a kind of worshipful admiration. Two kids, very intelligent and well-behaved.
I have met many more of these people. Each is a story of brave survival, a story of courage in adverse economic circumstances and misery. In their eyes I see the hope and dreams of bettering their lives. When I tell them yes, we will sanction the loan next week, I see that sparkle in their eyes and they have the most beautiful smile I have seen.
They have the confidence and the will; all they need is a little support, a few kind words, and concern and respect. Kerala is on the rise!
That's lovely meeting them. Beautiful homes! Houses are nice too. Each one is blessed who has a loving family!
hello .... hopped here from Venu Sir's blog.
just a thought .... i take spoken english classes for destitute Tamil children online (through skype) ... i could help the low income fmaily children with their school work if they need. I speak malayalam pretty well ... so, there would be no issues with the language. the only requirement would be they have access to a PC and internet.
Looks like you have begun to love the work at the Bank after a long time!
I wish we have more people like you in this world. In every walks of life, people face red tapes that obstruct or shatter their dreams.
yes, Balan, I can imagine the gratitude of those poor souls towards you, because you allowed them to cherish their dreams.
The satisfaction and sense of serenity in your mind, at the end of your day is more than enough for you.
Balan, thanks for being a light in the darkness.
This post gave me 'remembrance of things past'. Thanks, Balan.
Just an aside: Do we really have degrees of honesty? More honest, most honest.... May be you meant, there are more honest people than among the middle class.
To All: Thanks for visiting!
@Ashok: Yes, I meant there are more honest people among the poorer sections than among the middle class. Thanks again.
the world needs such sincere people like you.
Mr. B - the struggle for the roof above the head, the schemes that has made a flow of money through the hands of the women folk..but what made me grow in stature by an inch is the thing about the kids doing their graduation and studies.. I find it, a gift of our state, Gods own country.. with all the nuisance of politics, the malyali is still by and large, the smartest guy, who believes in making things better for his kids than it ever existed for him..through pain and grit and dirt, he strives for one thing, to get his son and daughter educated, to impart knowledge and wisdom, which he lacks..


The Red Devils No. 11 is on a great form this season. Ole Gunnar Solsjaer believes this striker can reach Cristiano Ronaldo's level in time to come.
Anthony Martial set up an early goal for Paul Pogba and netted one in Saturday's 3-0 win against Fulham. The striker ran from the halfway line to double the lead on Saturday. United's former captain Gary Neville was so much amazed by the goal that he was compelled to compare it Ronaldo's winner at Craven Cottage in 2007.
Speaking of the young talent, the club's manager revealed.
If he wants to be at Cristiano's level, Anthony knows what he has to do. It's up to him. He has the talent.


Ough, Ough, Ough! The Mag-Vest Tool Belt Is PERFECT for "Home Improvement"
As a kid, I watched Home Improvement and always as a result of watching Tim "The Toolman" Taylor I wanted a tool belt. So there was no surprise when I looked at Kickstarter and saw the Mag-Vest, a new project that looks to reinvent the concept of bulky fannypack-like tool belts, I was interested.
The Mag-Vest does away with the old concept of digging around for nail, or getting yourself caught up in your surroundings, like having your belt get caught in the door. The developer of Mag-Vest, Grant Miner has created the future-proof tool VEST (you heard me right, vest) and it reinvents the whole idea.
The vest, made covered with strategically placed ceramic magnets for things like nails and bolts that stay secured as you're doing work and need to keep them secure, versus having them laying around on a table. Obviously this means the items you place there would have to be metal or steel.
And for those unlucky items you can't stick to your body, the vest has loops and pockets on the side, so you won't have too much going on in the front of your vest, and it won't be too heavy on your back. The breathable mesh is built to be comfortable and flexible, so you can get things done without feeling cluttered in your workspace.
The incentive here is, if you pledge $60, you will receive a Mag-Vest in August if it goes to production. With 17 days remaining, and a goal of $15,000 to reach, this is a great deal for those who are all about DIY and Home Improvement.


With Gov. Bill Lee's controversial education savings account legislation set to be taken up in a key House committee Wednesday, several members are being lobbied by the administration, the House speaker and interest groups for their support.
On Tuesday afternoon, several lawmakers on the 23-member committee entered Casada's office to discuss the legislation, which supporters say would provide parents with more options.
Some lawmakers directly involved in the discussions told the USA TODAY NETWORK - Tennessee that, in an effort to sway votes, Casada made overtures to support members' legislation or district initiatives.
Such moves, while not surprising or unprecedented as legislation moves through the General Assembly, indicate the importance of Wednesday's committee meeting.
Complicating matters further, the Federation for American Immigration Reform, which advocates for halting legal and illegal immigration in the United States, has said the governor's education savings account bill would provide money to students who aren't in the country legally.
With that in mind, the governor's office will be amending the measure.
A copy of the latest amendment obtained by the USA TODAY NETWORK - Tennessee indicates several changes.


It's important to have a few statement pieces in your wardrobe that show off your personality and spark up conversations. One of our most popular products, our custom needlepoint belts, is a great way to break away from the average dress belt and into something a little bit more fun. We decided to take that same idea and put create customized needlepoint wallets to add some color to an accessory you use every single day.
A spotlight on our custom monogram needlepoint wallets!
There are few accessories as perfect for needlepoint customization as wallets. The healthy surface area on the outside of the leather allows for big, colorful, and detailed designs showcasing whatever the owner's favorite hobbies are, giving plenty of room for you to customize 100% of the wallet. One of our most popular styles is a custom needlepoint monogram wallet. Some choose to have a dual-sided monogram, while others go for a classic design like nautical flags or golf clubs.
Whether you're looking for a way to spoil yourself, or the perfect way to spoil a loved one, our custom needlepoint wallets should do the trick. As always, our products are stitched by hand, just for you. If you prefer to stitch your own, we also provide custom wallet needlepoint canvas kits that make for a great project.
We've been off to a great start this week.
If you are not following our facebook page, then I want to let you know that we are in an online contest! If we win, we will offer a 30% discount on your next order (if you mention this blog post). To see the contest click here! Scroll down to the bottom of the page and please vote for NeedlePaint!
Customer satisfaction is our number one goal, so it feels great to hear back from you. From Seth and Karen.
And now onto the fun custom needlepoint kits we make last week!
Spooky needlepoint kits and more this week! I love all the colors in these projects!
Next are some more custom needlepoint belts. The Pennsylvania license plates include the stitchers monogram snuck into the design!
Below are some custom needlepoint pillow kits, the upper right is an somewhat abstract sailing scene that is going to look great! The Live Colorfully is a special project that you will see again in the future.
Another week and more great canvases.
The first custom needlepoint project is sections of a stain glass window at the Parish of St. Cuthbert in Edinburgh. The image came from a photo take there, and look at how detailed the canvas turned out! This was done on 14 mesh and each panel is 12 inches wide.
The second needlepoint kit is our Inlaid Heart Needlepoint Kit. The colors and design are amazing, I can't wait to see this stitched!
Go to our NeedlePaint.com to to turn your photo into needlepoint!
Some Favorite Custom Needlepoint Canvases from this week!
If you've been following the blog, you'll notice we post a lot of new designs.
But, when I see the great custom needlepoint canvases we make, I often want to share those pictures, too.You should see my phone!
Sorry the pictures are not the best quality, but the canvases look great and will look even better when they are finished!
Do you remember the custom needlepoint canvas I loved and posted about a while back?
If you don't remember, here is the link.
The customer said it was a labor of love, but totally worth it! Look at the pillow she made and tell her if you love it!
Thanks for sharing the photo Gloria, and great stitching!
Summer Fun Custom Needlepoint Hat Bands!
Peggy has been looking for projects to start this summer and decided to design some hat bands.
Two of these designs are inspired by Hawaiian tattoos and the other is a fun floral pattern.
She mentioned she designed the red one to do with triangle stitches, so stay tuned, I think she is going to work her magic!
They are 23 inches wide and if you are interested they run $45 per design, or $115 for all three!
These make fast fun summer stitching, so if you are interested in a custom needlepoint hat band, feel free to get in touch with your ideas and we'll help create your own needlepoint design.
If you've been following our blog for a while, you know how much we love our pets!
NeedlePaint probably has the best looking custom needlepoint kits for working needlepoint from photo.
Have a look at our workshop table last Friday (see below) these are some fun projects!
Our kits come with either Waverly wool or DMC floss, hand made and matched to your pet. Or if you prefer matching your own colors or working in a different fiber, our needlepoint canvases still come with a counted stitch guide and color chart matched to one of the two fiber options. I suggest using the DMC color palate if you are buying your own fiber, as there are many free color conversion charts available online.
If you would like to see needlepoint dog breeds, we have some favorites on the website. Or, if you prefer to stitch your own pet, you can needlepoint a photo using our online designer. You can customize the design size, mesh count, number of colors and fiber type with the click of a button! There is no fee to try out needlepoint designer so why not give it a try!
***If you are looking to stitch a graphic illustration, poem, or name, please contact us, our website is optimized for photos, but we can manually adjust your design so it comes out looking sharp.


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Rationale for the Ferret
Daimler Ferret Mk 2/3 – 01 DC 86
Daimler Ferret
Buying a Ferret
Owning a Ferret
Driving the Ferret
Routine servicing and lubrication
Driveline wind up
Different Marks of Ferret
Daimler Ferret Specifications
Rolls-Royce B60 engine
Radio & Clansman
Intercom & ANR
Suppliers and Dealers
Manuals and EMERs
The Forgotten Ferret
Weather – plan your trip
Ferret Mk 1
This is called Car Scout 4×4 Liaison (Ferret Mk 1) FV701(C) and has an open top which can be covered by a canvas. It is armed with a 0.303 Bren LMG or a 0.30 Browning machine gun on a pintle mount, with 450 rounds of machine gun ammunition carried.
Ferret Mk 1/1, FV701(J) A later up-armoured production model. Both Mk1 and Mk 1/1 versions with the suffix M are fitted with a fire-fighting system. A canvas cover was provided to protect the vehicle from the elements.
Ferret Mk 1/2 (FV704) Identical to the Mk 1 but has a crew of three and was used by infantry units as a light reconnaissance vehicle in forward areas. Its official designation is Car Scout Liaison (Ferret) Mk 1/2. It has an armoured roof with a hatch and is armed with a 7.62 mm pintle-mounted L4A4 Bren LMG (pintle-mounted weapons were phased out, and are now rare, due to the lack of crew protection). The single-piece hatch cover opens to the rear and periscopes and vision blocks are provided for observation by the commander.
The Ferret Mk 1/3 FV701(J) was a standard Mk 1/1 fitted with a rubberised-fabric flotation screen as a development vehicle only (see also Mk 3, below).
This is basically a Mk 1 fitted with a turret and is officially known as the Car Scout 4×4, Reconnaissance (Ferret) Mk 2 FV701(E) and was fitted with a 30-cal Browning machine gun. The Mk 2/1 FV701(F) was a Mk 2 fitted with a larger two-door rotating turret with additional stowage for a 0.303 Bren gun. The Ferret Mk 2/2 FV701(G) was a local modification to a Mk 2/1 vehicle carried out in Malaysia having an extension collar fitted between the top of the hull and the Browning machine gun turret which enables the commander/gunner to have a better field of fire.
Ferret Mk 2/3 (FV701H)
This is a later production up-armoured model of the basic Mk 2 and is officially known as the Scout Car Reconnaissance Mk 2/3 (Daimler Ferret 4×4) FV701(H). Most vehicles were fitted with VHF radio, and those additionally fitted with fire-fighting equipment in the crew compartment carried the suffix M. The Ferret Mk 2/4 had additonal retro-fitted appliqué armoured plates fitted to the turret and rear of the hull. The Ferret Mk 2/5 is a Ferret Mk 2/1 brought up to Ferret Mk 2/4 standard. Some vehicles designated GPMG were retro-fitted with a 7.62 mm general purpose machine gun. The Ferret Mk 2 (FV702) is an armoured launch control/guidance vehicle fitted with the experimental Orange William anti-tank guided weapon.
Ferret Mk 2/6 (FV703)
The full designation of this model is the Scout Car Reconnaissance/Guided Weapon Mk 2/6. It is basically a Mk 2/3 with two Vickers Vigilant ATGW (anti-tank guided-wire) missiles, each in launcher boxes mounted on either side of the turret. In addition to being used by the UK it was sold to Libya and the United Arab Emirates.
First developed in 1956 the Vigilant was developed as a private venture costing £1.3 million. It entered service in the early sixties and the Ferret version was operating with armoured units by 1966. In theory it was an ideal combination; a fast, inconspicuous and manoeuvrable vehicle which was perfect for reconnaissance missions but with the ability to destroy a main battle tank. In practice this can lead to a confusion of roles – should the crew report what they have seen and remain hidden, or attempt to destroy the enemy and risk losing the advantage of surprise? Vigilant could be fired from the vehicle or dismounted and launched from the ground. The operator guided it by wire, using a hand-held sight and the heavy warhead was capable of penetrating the thickest armour up to a maximum range of 1,500 yards. It was supremely accurate and had a built-in auto-pilot to keep it on course. It was ineffective at less than 200 yards. When launched, there was no flash or smoke to betray the Ferret's position, but despite this the vehicle had to remain under cover and immobile until the missile hit – 12 long seconds.
The Vigilant was replaced by the Swingfire missile system from 1966 onwards. The Swingfire on the Ferret was a product improvisation until the FV 102 Striker was available in numbers. The Ferret Mk 2/7 = a Ferret Mk 2/6 with the missile system removed and is therefore basically a Ferret Mk 2/3. The Ferret Mk 2/8 is a Mk 2/3 retro-fitted with a 7.62 mm GPMG.
The Ferret Mk 3
Was a prototype, being a Mk 1/1 vehicle with larger 11.00 x 20 inch wheels. It was sometimes called the Mk 1/3 or the mk 1/1 Floating. It was intended to be the improved turretless Ferret design but never went into production. It was the precursor for the Mk 4 and Mk 5 vehicles and later the Fox and also the Vixen project
Ferret Mk 4 (FV711)
This model is basically an early Ferret rebuilt with stronger suspension units, its original 330 mm diameter drum brakes replaced by vacuum-assisted 381 mm diameter disc brakes, and with larger wheels and tyres. It is commonly referred to as the 'big-wheeled Ferret'. A permanently-attached flotation screen is carried collapsed around the top of the hull and, when erected, the vehicle has amphibious capabilities. There are watertight stowage containers either side of the hull, and the number of servicing points has been reduced.
Similar to the FV711 Mk 4. This Ferret had a redesigned aluminium-armoured turret carrying two twin-launchers for the Swingfire ATGW. The vehicle was retro-fitted with a GPMG and carried two extra reload missiles in armoured boxes in place of the spare tyre and stowage bins on either side of the hull. It was used only by the British Army.
Export sales for the Ferret were very good, and it is still used in a variety of internal security roles in foreign and Commonwealth countries, commonly with upgraded diesel powerpacks. In March 1983, Alvis announced that it had developed a Perkins Phaser engine coupled to the existing transfer box and driveleines with a Chrysler A727 fully automatic transmission and modified cooling system as the Ferret 80. Amongst its uses, the South African Defence Force used it as an air-droppable vehicle for their paratroops. It was used by Australia, Canada, Indonesia, Pakistan, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, the Netherlands, New Zealand and numerous African, Arabian gulf and far eastern states. A number were also used by the United Nations for peacekeeping duties. France bought 200 Mk1 & Mk2 Ferrets to serve in Algeria and also to replace the ageing M8 Greyhound and Panhard EBR. However, the French manufacturers Berliet and Panhard refused to produce the Ferret under licence, and so the Panhard AML was eventually built. Some of the French Mk1 Ferrets carried a 75mm recoilless rifle – adressing the weak armament of the Ferret.
The MX-7 "Gagamba" is a modified British-made Daimler Ferret Mk 2 scout car, acquired on the open market developed by Steelcraft Industries Incorporated, Manila, the Philippines. The project was started in the mid-2000s as a low-cost scout and reconnaissance vehicle for the Philippine Army. The major differences between the MX-7 and the original Ferret Mk 2s were the additions of a new diesel engine and 5-speed automatic transmission. The original flip-down armoured visors for the driver were also replaced with 3 panes of armoured glass, ostensibly providing better visibility. The vehicle was armed with a single M60 7.62mm machine gun in a 1-man turret and was fitted with six smoke grenade launchers on the front fenders. Despite being agile and fast, the vehicle is vulnerable to local RPG rounds, although it can deflect 7.62 millimetre rounds at point-blank range. Various online Philippine defense fora have started referring to the vehicle as the "Gagamba", the Tagalog word for "Spider". Steelcraft's company designation for the vehicle remains MX-7.
Military numberplates were issued according to the contract number and the date of production. For further details see Pat Ware (1997) on page 35. Details for Mk1 and the Mk 2/3 vehicles are given here.
Tanks Encyclopedia: http://www.tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/UK/Daimler_Ferret
Pat Ware (1997) Ferret The FV700 Series in British Army Service Warehouse Publications, ISBN = 978-095255-630-5
Ferret Marks 1-5 from User Handbook 1969, Army Code 12174
Mk 1 Ferret
Mk 1/2 Ferret
Desert Mk 1/2 Ferret
with stowage bin
© Jeremy Sanderson, 2017 Daimler Ferret. All Rights Reserved


text:
3D MLB Ballpark Replicas
Ballpark Canvas Prints
Ballpark Blueprint Posters
Ballpark City Prints
Ballpark Coasters
Ballpark Art Prints
Ballpark Maps
Ballpark Prints
Ballpark Simple Prints
City Stadium Wood Art Maps
MLB Ballpark Aerial Posters
MLB Ballpark Seat Keyrings
Panoramic MLB Ballpark Posters
Stadium Baseballs
There Used to Be a Ballpark Prints
Stadium State Shape Wood Art
Super Bowl Posters
3D Stadium Replicas
Aerial NFL Stadium Posters
NFL Simple Art Prints
NFL Stadium Blueprint Posters
NFL Stadium City Prints
Panoramic NFL Stadium Posters
NFL Stadium Canvas Prints
NFL Stadium Art Prints
College Football Stadium Canvas Prints
College Football Stadium Aerial Posters
College Football Stadium Blueprint Posters
College Football Stadium Panoramic Posters
College Stadium & Arena City Prints
College Stadium Simple Prints
NBA Arena City Prints
NHL Arena 3D Replicas
NHL Arena City Prints
NHL Hockey Arena Panoramas
Arrowhead Stadium Aerial Poster
AT&T Cowboys Stadium Aerial Poster
Bank of America Stadium Aerial Poster
Candlestick Park Aerial Poster
CenturyLink Field Aerial Poster
Everbank Field Aerial Poster
FedEx Field Aerial Poster
FirstEnergy Stadium Aerial Poster
Giants Stadium New York Giants Aerial Poster
Giants Stadium New York Jets Aerial Poster
Gillette Stadium Aerial Poster
Heinz Field Aerial Poster
Aerial poster of Arrowhead Stadium, home of the Kansas City Chiefs. Printed on high-quality 80 lb. cover stock. Available unframed 8" x 10" ($9.95) or 22" x 28" ($25.95). Framed available 22" x 28" ($87.95) Framing Information: 2" black wood MDF frame,...
28" x 22" aerial poster of AT&T Cowboys Stadium, home of the Dallas Cowboys. Printed on high-quality 80 lb. cover stock. Available unframed 8" x 10" ($9.95) or 22" x 28" ($25.95). Framed available 22" x 28" ($87.95) Framing Information: 2" black...
Aerial poster of Bank of America Stadium, home of the Carolina Panthers. Printed on high-quality 80 lb. cover stock. Available unframed 8" x 10" ($9.95) or 22" x 28" ($25.95). Framed available 22" x 28" ($87.95) Framing Information: 2" black wood MDF...
Aerial poster of Candlestick Park, home of the San Francisco 49ers. Printed on high-quality 80 lb. cover stock. Available unframed 8" x 10" ($9.95) or 22" x 28" ($25.95). Framed available 22" x 28" ($87.95) Framing Information: 2" black wood MDF frame,...
Aerial poster of CenturyLink Field, home of the Seattle Seahawks. Printed on high-quality 80 lb. cover stock. Available unframed 8" x 10" ($9.95) or 22" x 28" ($25.95). Framed available 22" x 28" ($87.95) Framing Information: 2" black wood MDF frame,...
Aerial poster of Everbank Field, home of the Jacksonville Jaguars. Printed on high-quality 80 lb. cover stock. Available unframed 8" x 10" ($9.95) or 22" x 28" ($25.95). Framed available 22" x 28" ($87.95) Framing...
Aerial poster of FedEx Field, home of the Washington Redskins. Printed on high-quality 80 lb. cover stock. Available unframed 8" x 10" ($9.95) or 22" x 28" ($25.95). Framed available 22" x 28" ($87.95) Framing Information: 2" black wood MDF frame,...
Aerial poster of FirstEnergy Stadium, home of the Cleveland Browns. Printed on high-quality 80 lb. cover stock. Available unframed 8" x 10" ($9.95) or 22" x 28" ($25.95). Framed available 22" x 28" ($87.95) Framing Information: 2" black wood MDF frame,...
Aerial poster of Giants Stadium, former home of the New York Giants. Printed on high-quality 80 lb. cover stock. Available unframed 8" x 10" ($9.95) or 22" x 28" ($25.95). Framed available 22" x 28" ($87.95) Framing Information: 2" black wood MDF frame,...
Aerial poster of Giants Stadium, former home of the New York Jets. Printed on high-quality 80 lb. cover stock. Available unframed 8" x 10" ($9.95) or 22" x 28" ($25.95). Framed available 22" x 28" ($87.95) Framing Information: 2" black wood MDF frame,...
Aerial poster of Gillette Stadium, home of the New England Patriots. Printed on high-quality 80 lb. cover stock. Available unframed 8" x 10" ($9.95) or 22" x 28" ($25.95). Framed available 22" x 28" ($87.95) Framing Information: 2" black wood MDF frame,...
Aerial poster of Heinz Field, home of the Pittsburgh Steelers. Printed on high-quality 80 lb. cover stock. Available unframed 8" x 10" ($9.95) or 22" x 28" ($25.95). Framed available 22" x 28" ($87.95) Framing Information: 2" black wood MDF frame,...
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I have heard several amazing stories of God's provision and have been reminded of the testimonies of God providing over and over again for the ministry of VBS. I would like to hear your story of God's provision. Maybe you have a wonderful story of God providing workers at the last minute, or God using another church to step in and unexpectedly provide decorations and resources.
God is faithful to provide ALL our needs. Hope to hear from you soon.
I am the VBS Director for my church and I live about 15 miles from the church. We had VBS from July 10 – 14 and of course I had a ton to do and I have 3 small children. So on July 7th my vehicle broke down. I had no way to get to VBS – I prayed and stood on romans 8:28 For we know that all things work together for the good of those who love God, to those who are the called according to his purpose. So I shared with everyone on our preparation day and had a lady tell me she would pick us up everyday – Praise God!!! Then I called us to a time of prayer together to pray for each other in groups. While we were praying she came back to me and said – I have other vehicles at home you can just use mine for the week – WHOA – totally blew me away!!! Not only did God provide for me he did it extravagantly. I drive a 2003 minivan – she let me use a 2010 King Ranch Expedition. All for His Glory!!!


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Names: Western New York Collection of Small Presses and Cultural Institutions (State University of New York at Buffalo) X
American poetry -- 20th century -- Periodicals 3
20th century -- Art, American -- New York (State) -- Buffalo 1
American poetry -- 20th century 1
Art, Modern -- 20th century -- Exhibitions -- United States 1
Audio materials 1
Correspondence -- Poetry, English -- 20th century 1
New York (State) -- Buffalo -- Art museums 1
Poetics 1
Poetry -- Periodicals 1
Poetry -- Publishing 1
Poets, American--20th century--Correspondence 1
Publishers and Publishing 1
Athanor collection
Identifier: PCMS-0003
Overview The Athanor collection contains all of the papers relating to the publishing history of the magazine including manuscript submissions, editor's correspondence, and business documents.
Found in: The Poetry Collection
Buckle Collection
Overview The Buckle Collection contains the records for both of Frank's literary magazines. The Buckle" materials include editorial correspondence (1977 to 1982) along with a few miscellaneous manuscripts and business records. The Buckle& documents include books and magazines inscribed to Frank; general correspondence with various editors, columnists, critics, directors, actors, and Israeli and American poets;...
Frontier Press Collection
Overview The Frontier Press Collection includes publications, manuscripts, galleys, proofs, designs, artwork, and correspondence relating to Harvey Brown's Niagara Frontier Review and Frontier Press. Notable items include letters and manuscripts from Ed Dorn, Charles Olson, John Wieners, and Stan Brakhage, plus Scrapbook, an unpublished assemblage of photographs and text once proposed as a Frontier Press publication; and...
Hallwalls Collection
Overview Opened in 2006, the Hallwalls Collection contains the Hallwalls Video Collection Preservation Project, featuring recorded performances as well as thousands of items of publications, photographs, artist files, grant applications, business records, calendars, publicity materials, and other ephemera and realia documenting the history of the Contemporary Arts Center.
Intrepid collection
Overview The Intrepid collection is comprised of the personal correspondence and manuscripts of Allen De Loach, including some material pertaining to the literary scene in Buffalo, as well as the working papers, business records, correspondence, and manuscripts relating to both the complete life of Intrepid (1964-1980) and the publication of The East Side Scene (1968, 1972).
Kiosk Collection
Overview The Kiosk Collection contains materials from Kiosk: A Journal of Poetry, Poetics, and Experimental Prose, published by Poetics students at University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, including editorial correspondence and submissions.


after you attend. When you buy pieces that you will utilize a lot, like a couch or sleep, be sure it's comfy. You spend time and effort in bed and on your couch, and so make sure you buy something that you can put into recline on for a long time comfortably. Figure out what you need from a sofa before you actually head to purchase one. If you would like a firm sofa, it will be wise to get one with traditional coiled springs. If you are looking for a softer sofa, make sure to get one that has zigzag coils. When picking new furniture, do not hesitate in order to haggle for a better price. A lot of people think of furniture prices as being set, but this is not the case at a lot of stores. Many people are willing to give you a far better deal as long as they think it is fair. Everybody wants furniture in their house that effectively reflects their personality and style. However not everyone knows where to find it or even how to get it affordable. With any luck, the knowledge presented above has changed all that for you personally, and you are now prepared to hit the businesses with new confidence.


Solid dark black ribbons race through the crystal clear acrylic base. This blank is hard to photograph, but it looks really cool in the real world. Check out another blank called Caribbean Current for a good look at what this blank looks like, just imagine black instead of the blue of Caribbean Current.
View of the transparency. The white spots in this picture is really a transparent area that is picked up as white by the camera.


text:
French and Riviera News Tuesday 11th February 2020
Teenager electrocuted in bath - A 15-year-old girl has been found electrocuted in her bathroom. The accident occurred in Marseille after the victim was believed to have been charging her cell phone at the time. It's the second such incident in the region in less than two months. On December 15th a 9-year-old girl died in Vitrolles after her phone fell into the bath while on charge.
France's competition and fraud watchdog the DGCCRF, has since alerted consumers to the risks associated with the use of mobile phones while charging.
Fire and weather alert - Firefighters have intervened after a blaze broke out in Saint Auban in the hills behind Grasse on Monday afternoon. Both the Alpes Maritimes and the Var were placed on an orange alert on Monday due to violent winds which helped to fan the fire which destroyed seven hectares of forest land. 100 firefighters were deployed and remained on site throughout the night as a precaution due to the windy conditions. Violent winds are expected to continue this morning with the warning in place for the region until midday.
Armed man shot by police officer in the Var - Police have launched an investigation after an armed man was shot by a police officer near Barjols in the Var. The incident occurred on Monday morning when the victim's ex-wife filed a complaint for domestic violence at the police station in Barjols. Police then went to his home to arrest the 40-year-old man who opened fire at the officers, wounding one. The victim was taken to hospital in Toulon where he later died from his injuries.
Man shot in Marseille - Meanwhile, in what police believe to be a settlement of accounts, a man in his twenties has been shot dead at the wheel of his car in Marseille. The shooting occurred on Monday evening around 8pm. The neighourhood has in recent years battled a heavy drug trafficking network.
Mayor of Nice Christian Estrosi announced further projects - The mayor of Nice Christian Estrosi, who is currently in the middle of his electoral campaign, has revealed further plans for the city. After announcing his intention to continue the "Promenade du Paillon" and the demolition of the Acropolis and the National theatre he has also announced plans for the Palais des Expositions to become a "Palace of Sport and Culture".
The building was designed and constructed by the mayor at the time Jean Médecin in the 1960s.
Extension of bereavement leave - MPs at the national assembly in France will today discuss the "extension of bereavement leave" which had been rejected by the majority ten days ago. In a case which has caused controversy amongst French members of parliament following the President's intervention on February 1st where he called for the government to show "humanity". Emmanuel Macron's party the LREM will today propose a "universal leave of three weeks" an increase from the current 5 days.
Brexit - British national Denise Lewis, a municipal councilor in the commune of Saint-Jean-Froidmental in Loir-et-Cher has been forced to leave her seat on the local village council following Brexit. Denise and her husband decided to settle in the village 15 years ago and Lewis had been elected since 2014.
President Trump's 4.8 trillion dollar budget plan for the fiscal year has been given a negative reception in Congress with Democrats saying that it betrays his promise to protect health and safety-net programmes.
The White House has presented the bill as a blueprint for Mr Trump's policy priorities. It includes funding to build a wall on the US-Mexico border and fight the opioid crisis but cuts billions of dollars from welfare payments.
Analysts say that the bill is largely a political document that will serve as a starting point for negotiations with congress with an eye to reducing debts and deficits.
The President is proposing steep cuts to housing ,environmental ,transportation and other programmes that have all been rejected by lawmakers in recent years.
UK government minister Michael Gove has said that frictionless trade with the European Union will end this year with the introduction of import checks at the border.
Mr Gove told business leaders on Monday that EU trade will not be "waved through" with zero checks as had been the plan under a no-deal Brexit.
He said that traders would be able to use special arrangements to log paperwork after a grace period at a later date.
The Minister warned that the UK will be outside the single market and outside the customs union so that preparations would be made for regulatory checks that will inevitably follow.
The new trading arrangements are set to have a big effect on the UK economy with many businesses relying on the frictionless flow of goods between Britain and the continent.
A spokesman for the British Retail Consortium said that the government would have to move fast if it intended to provide the necessary infrastructure to carry out full border controls on imported goods from January 2021.
And-Apple's main iPhone maker Foxconn has reopened two major plants in China following the outbreak of the coronavirus.
Sources say that so far only 10 percent of the workforce has returned despite the factories being open again.
Together ,the two plants make up the bulk of Foxconn's assembly lines for Apple's iPhones.
Further delays to production are likely to hit global shipments.
The market research firm Trendforce has cut its forecast for iPhone production in the first quarter by 10 percent to around 41 million handsets.
Formula 1-The Mercedes team principal Toto Wolff has said that Lewis Hamilton staying with the team beyond the end of next season would be the "perfect pairing".
There has been speculation that the 6 time world champion may be eyeing up a move to Ferrari to see out his career but Wolff said that Mercedes wanted to have the fastest man in the car and that he knows that Lewis wants the fastest car ,so it's an obvious pairing.
Meanwhile ,Jim Ratcliffe whose Ineos petrochemicals firm has just signed a five year partnership with Mercedes has said that he'd be surprised if Hamilton left the team.He said that he thought that Hamilton should be focusing on equaling Michael Schumacher's record of 7 world titles and then continue the partnership.
Football-Leeds United have a chance to restore some confidence to their promotion bid when they face Brentford in the Championship tonight.
Leeds have won just two of their last 10 games and coach Marcelo Bielsa says that the team is not doing anything fundamentally wrong.
Brentford are also pushing for promotion and will leapfrog Leeds in the table if they win the game tonight.
Rugby Union-The Scotland coach Gregor Townsend says that comments from out of favour fly-half Finn Russell show that he is not yet willing to "align" himself to Scotland's standards.
Russell ,who's missed the first two 6 Nations games for disciplinary reasons told the Sunday Times that he "doesn't have a personal relationship" with the coach.
Townsend was expected to meet with Finn before Scotland's next match against Italy on February the 22nd and says that he hopes he'll play for him again.
Russell left the Scotland training camp before the first 6 Nations game against Ireland following reports that he'd breached squad discipline during a drinking session.
ORANGE ALERT IN FORCE FOR THE ALPES MARITIMES AND CORSICA UNTIL NOON
YELLOW ALERT IN FORCE FOR THE VAR UNTIL NOON.
Clear skies with strong westerly winds across the region.
Top temperature 21 degrees.
Overnight lows of 12 degrees on the coast and 9 degrees inland with clear skies and less windy.
Wednesday and Thursday-Partially cloudy ,less windy and highs of 15-17 degrees.


He saved her life. She showed him how to live it . . .
When he sees a woman drowning, Grisham Abbot immediately leaps into action. The Navy SEAL forgets his training, his past, and the explosion that forever scarred his body and his mind. He can only remember what he was born to do. But saving Greta Owen is a complication Grisham is definitely not ready for. She's stunning and gorgeous—like sunlight after months of darkness. Yep, Grisham is so, so screwed.
Greta knows that the smart thing to do would be to run from Grisham. He's a wounded warrior, and his head is a big-time mess. The problem is that Greta wants to make him her mess. One kiss and she's completely in over her head. And if this SEAL risked himself to save her, then she must find a way to bring him back to life . . .


Editing any of the ardupilot versions using visual studio 2010 really shows off the quality of the ardupilot code. I love people who comment their code. Very neat!
And look how easy arduino project "navigation" is in Visual Studio, you can "Go To" the right place in the code.
I didn't know where the stabilize() function was but visual studio "Go To Definition" took me right to the attitude.pde. The intellisense in visual studio works best with well stuctured programs such as ArduPilot!
You need Visual Micro to make this work easily in 2010. It is free and quite new so the help system is a little confusing. Feel free to grab a copy.


text:
"In a Flash: Toyota West Virginia Cranks ..."
In a Flash: Toyota West Virginia Cranks Out Engines and Transmissions in Seconds
The only place in North America that builds engines, transmissions and hybrid transaxles under one roof is Toyota West Virginia. The plant assembles products for the Avalon, Camry, Corolla, Highlander, Highlander Hybrid, Lexus ES, Lexus RX350, RAV4, Sienna and Sienna Hybrid. Today, the plant's 2,000-employee workforce cranks out more than 1 million engines and transmissions per year. A new transmission rolls off the assembly line about every 25 seconds, with four-cylinder engines completed just under 30 seconds.
In May 1996, Toyota Motor announced plans to build a 230-acre property in Buffalo, West Virginia. The area was chosen to be the home of Toyota Motor North America's first and only engine and transmission assembly plant. Upon groundbreaking in September 1996, Toyota originally built a team of 300 employees to produce 300,000 four-cylinder engines at the facility. But before construction finished in 1998, the plant added a V6 engine production line, marking its first expansion before the facility's official opening.
Since 1998, 19.5 million engines and transmissions have been produced at TMMWV — up to 5,000 engines and transmissions can be constructed every day.
Toyota West Virginia's employees are notably skilled, passionate and talented — a contributing factor to why the facility has been expanded nine times. Toyota has invested $1.8 billion in the plant making it one of the largest companies in the state. In mid-2020, breaking yet another record, TMMWV became the first Toyota facility in North America to assemble hybrid transaxles, built for the Highlander and Sienna.
Deepening its commitment to the environment, Toyota installed the largest solar panel array in West Virginia. The initiative uses solar energy to help power its manufacturing operations throughout the plant. The array spans 6 acres and generates 2.6 megawatts of solar-generated energy. To enhance biodiversity, TMMWV has a bio-diverse walking trail, known as the "Green Mile." The path is certified by the West Virginia Division of Natural Resources and is recognized by the Wildlife Habitat Council.
Developing the next generation is also important to TMMWV. To introduce students to STEM education and the workforce environment, team members demonstrate how they program collaborative robots at community events, facility tours, career events and camps. These efforts allow them to show K-12 students that STEM activities are not only educational but fun too. And hopefully inspire students to one day join the only plant that manufactures three integral components for Toyota and Lexus vehicles.
Learn more about TMMWV here.
Toyota Indiana: Trailblazing with Cutting-Edge Innovation to Assemble Some of Toyota's Most-Loved Vehicles
Originally published September 7, 2021
A Renewed Purpose: Toyota Tennessee Builds Engine Parts from Recycled Aluminum
Toyota Trucks: Born in Texas and Assembled by Texans


text:
«Похорон на другому поверсі» — радянський фільм-бойовик 1991 року Олександра Сташкова і Олени Амінової. Класичний приклад кооперативного кіно, знятий АТЗТ «Патріарші пруди». Прем'єра відбулася в липні 1992 року.

Сюжет
Серпень 1991 року. Підполковник Єршов, майор Кулаков і капітан Бугров розслідують злочин, в якому замішані корумповані шари з вищого складу КДБ.

У ролях

  Анатолій Хостікоєв —  підполковник Єршов Аркадій Юрійович
  Юрій Осипов —  Кулаков
 Андрій Смоляков —  капітан Бугров Андрій Миколайович
  Тетяна Лютаєва —  Світа
  Борис Зайденберг —  Заборін
  Валерій Гатаєв —  полковник Волошин
  Ігор Шаповалов —  Черкес
 Галина Польських —  мати Бугрова
  Валерій Смецкой —  Гурам
  Василь Міщенко —  сержант
 Аристарх Ліванов —  чиновник
  Ігор Воробйов —  катала
  Юрій Сенкевич —  Рома
  Михайло Крисін —  епізод
  Федір Смирнов —  епізод
  Юрій Думчев —  охоронець Черкеса (в титрах не вказаний)
  Ілля Іванов —  Зайцев
  Євген Сокуров — епізод
  Олександр Леньков —  «Картавий», катала   Володимир Лаврентьєв —  Льова, катала   Роман Анашкин —  епізод (в титрах не вказаний) ''

Знімальна група
 Режисери: Олександр Сташков,  Олена Амінова
 Автор сценарію: Олександр Сташков
 Оператор: Юрій Любшин
 Композитор: Олександр Айзенштадт
 Художник: Олег Потанін
 Постановник трюків: Євген Сокуров
 Автотрюк: Валерій Леонтьєв
 Продюсери: Віктор Кулаков, Олександр Сташков
 Відповідальний продюсер: Юрій Сенкевич

Посилання

Фільми СРСР 1991
Фільми-бойовики СРСР

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Banking and Financial News
UPDATE 2-Egypt's central bank makes third straight cut to interest rates
By Yousef Saba
(Adds detail, background, analyst comment)
CAIRO, Nov 14 (Reuters) - Egypt's central bank cut its key interest rates on Thursday at its third consecutive policy meeting since August, after inflation fell to its lowest in nearly 14 years and central banks continued to ease monetary policy globally.
The overnight deposit and lending rates were cut by 100 basis (bps) points to 12.25% and 13.25% respectively.
"Incoming data continued to confirm the moderation of underlying inflationary pressures, notwithstanding the expected impact of unfavorable base effects," the central bank said in a statement explaining the decision.
The cut was in line with expectations. Eight out of 14 economists surveyed by Reuters had expected the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) to cut rates by 100 bps. Two predicted a 50 bps cut, two foresaw the bank slashing 150 bps and two expected no change.
Egypt's annual urban consumer price inflation fell to 3.1% in October from 4.8% in September, its lowest rate since December 2005, according to Refinitiv data.
Headline inflation stood at 17.7% in October 2018, mainly due to a shock rise in the price of fruit and vegetables that prompted the state to intervene to ensure supply. It cooled to 15.7% in November 2018 and to 12% the following month.
The CBE targets inflation of 9% plus or minus 3 percentage points. It cut rates by a combined 200 bps in August and September.
"The 100 bps cut is good although, in my view, the cut could have been more aggressive given Egypt's fast falling inflation rates," said Angus Blair, chairman of business and economic forecasting think-tank Signet. He said he expected the bank to make another 100 bps cut when it meets next month.
Radwa El-Swaify, head of research at Pharos Securities Brokerage, said the "widely expected" decision would help stimulate higher private investments and lower the government's debt servicing costs.
Egypt's non-oil private sector contracted in October for the third straight month, according to the IHS Markit Egypt Purchasing Managers' Index. It has expanded in only six of the past 36 months, and just two months of the past year.
Swaify said yield on Egypt's securities would continue to be attractive despite the cut.
"Since the real yield continues to be significantly high, we expect foreign investments in fixed income not to be affected by the decision, especially after the Fed monetary easing last week and in light of YTD strength in the EGP against the USD."
The Egyptian pound (EGP) has appreciated nearly 10% against the dollar in the year to date (YTD).
"While there remains some more room to cut interest rates, the CBE continues to remain prudent by not being aggressive," said Allen Sandeep, head of reasearch at Naeem Brokerage, which he said was "the sustainable path".
Analysts have said the recent low inflation figures were largely a result of favourable base effects from last year but they expected those to decline in the remainder of 2019. (Reporting by Mahmoud Mourad and Yousef Saba; Editing by Peter Graff and Alexandra Hudson)


Abramo, Alcione: Ensino criativo de história do Brasil - colônia. São Paulo: Editora do Brasil, 10th ed., repr. [10. Aufl., Nachdr.], 1976, 13.
Numerous researchers have pointed out that this interpretation selectively obscures the fact that many of these areas had been populated before the Europeans arrived. The discourse of 'discovery' is therefore indicative of an exclusively European view on the events. 4 From the perspective of the peoples indigenous to today's Brazil, however, the Iberian expeditions did not discover anything new; indeed, their members were themselves new and strangers to this setting.
In the source shown here, on page 13 of the textbook, the comic depicts an encounter between Portuguese colonists and indigenous Tupiniquins in the context of the arrival of Cabral's fleet in the year 1500. First, a panel of the comic sequence shows a downcast sailor, who is struggling on his voyage of discovery but does not give up hope of coming upon land and for whom this hope is then indeed fulfilled. The bottom left panel shows a Portuguese man asking a member of an indigenous tribe whether the country has gold or jewels and whether a conquest would be worth it. The indigenous figure, complete with feathers and spear, is astonished and thoroughly perplexed – a response no doubt reflected in the reader, who will probably find the unceremonious cutting-to-the-chase of the European's question almost funny in its inappropriateness. The sequence implies criticism of the greed of those who went on to conquer the region. In the third panel, to the right of this one, two indigenous people are secretly watching the Portuguese hold a religious service. One of them shows bewilderment at the new arrivals' idea of celebrating a religious holiday: 'Why don't they drink, sing and behave like we do on a feast day?!?!' The punctuation here is a typically drastic device, of the kind often found in comics, for the communication of the puzzlement and surprise felt by the indigenous watchers. They – and their perspective of the situation – are at the forefront of this panel and transmit their perspective on the explorers onto the reader. It is true that these indigenous figures are depicted, in a tradition of textbook imagery which continues in Brazil to this day, in the stereotyped style of exotic 'native Indians' 6 with feathered headdresses and loincloths. The primary focus of the panel, however, is the strange behaviour of the Portuguese. This manner of depiction enables the comic to raise the implicit question of who actually 'discovered' whom here and whose lifestyle is the 'normal', normative one.
This is a gap which the medium of comics, in its ability to imagine and contrast differing perspectives, might attempt to fill. 'The educational value of comics', observes the history educationalist Stefan Semel, 'appears to lie above all in [the challenge of presenting] history from the perspective of the "nameless", combined with the opportunity [they provide] for changing perspective'. 9 Comics are an eminently suitable medium for permitting shifts in perspective at specific points in a theme or topic due to their openly fictional nature, which gives the medium the poetic licence to replace absent or unavailable sources with imagined depictions – a licence that reconstruction via text, history teaching's classic medium, does not have, or cannot make use of without incurring criticism. 10 Comics make no claim to historical authenticity 11 ; they invent dialogues and trains of thought which are more or less plausible and put them in the mouths or minds (or speech bubbles) of figures from the past. The clearly humorous nature of the illustrations, as seen in the Ensino criativo example, and the lack of pretension to historical accuracy that is evident in their graphic values, make comics more immune than other media to questioning of their correctness or otherwise and enlarge their field of potential to supplement established canons of historical knowledge with perceptions from the past which are not reflected in conventional historical documentation.
Looking into the Past explores the arrival of Dias and his crew on the South African shore from an African and a European perspective; the authors make use of the panel-based layout of comics, which allows individual images to be arranged into a sequence, as an 'instrument of control whose arrangement channels and directs the reader's gaze'. 16 The depiction includes a fictitious source, extracts from 'Bartolomeu Dias' diary' which refer to the events in question. True to the textbook's title, the content here is focused on 'looking into the past' from divergent points of view. In contrast to Ensino criativo, the indigenous perspective is the dominant one. One of the tasks given in the book explicitly calls on students to put themselves into the place of the Khoikoi. Another difference from Ensino criativo is the depiction of the Europeans as speaking an incomprehensible, mysterious language: '!* #…@! x-x …? * !! … @*?-!-?', one of the new arrivals asks a member of the Khoikoi, in whose puzzlement the reader shares in full.
The use of comics, as practised by Clacherty and Ludlow in Looking into the Past and by Abramo and Yoshikawa in Ensino criativo, to aid students in taking an unfamiliar view on the so-called 'discovery' of what became, respectively, South Africa and Brazil, can provide us with a number of insights into changes in historiography, education and society in general in the countries in question. The 1970s history book from Brazil, written and published under dictatorship and censorship, gives us a hint or glimpse at the prioritisation of an indigenous perspective in relation to a specific moment in the narrative. The South African example, meanwhile, presents a bold, systematically conducted confrontation of divergent perspectives, accompanied by a guide for students to acquiring empathy with the indigenous point of view, which was published in the era of South Africa's transition from apartheid to an admittedly imperfect democracy.
17Admittedly, the multiperspectivity here is practically limited to dual perspectivity, although Dias' arrival at the Cape was experienced by a number of diverse individuals rather than simply by two different groups. Such a literally 'multi-perspective' depiction would be likely to be extremely difficult and require a higher degree still of fictionality in its handling.
Abramo, Alcione: untitled, 18.04.2006, novo.fpabramo.org.br/content/alcione-abramo (20.07.2016).
Bergmann, Klaus: Multiperspektivität, in: Ders. et al: Handbuch der Geschichtsdidaktik. Band 1, Düsseldorf: Schwann, 1979.
Corrêa Leite, José; Nogueira Galvão, Walnice: A invenção do Brasil [interview with Fernando Novais], in: Teoria e Debate 44 (2000), www.teoriaedebate.org.br/materias/nacional/invencao-do-brasil (05.09.2016).
CRE Mario Covas: Lembranças do meu mestre. Depoimento de Paulo Markun, www.crmariocovas.sp.gov.br/professor/lembrancas/paulo.swf (11.07.2016).
Cruz Monteiro, Diogo Francisco: Indígenas e Iconografia didática. A Imagem dos ìndios nos Manuas de História do programa Nacional do Livro Didático, Jundiaí: Paco Editorial, 2014.
Döll, Frauke: Comics im Geschichtsunterricht [interview with Johannes Meyer-Hamme], 09.09.2015, https://idw-online.de/de/news637206 (15.09.2016).
Fundação Perseu Abramo: Sobre Perseu Abramo, 11.02.2010, novo.fpabramo.org.br/node/5342 (11.07.2016).
Guia dos Quadrinhos, www.guiadosquadrinhos.com/artista/kazuhiko-yoshikawa/9361 (04.09.2016).
Livermore, Harold V.: Bartolomeu Dias. Portuguese Explorer, 08.09.2015, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bartolomeu-Dias (15.09.2016).
Melo, Fábio: Crítica ao Eurocentrismo, geaciprianobarata.blogspot.de/2014/03/critica-ao-eurocentrismo_18.html ( 05.09.2016 ).
Mittag, Detlef: Ethnozentrismus in Unterrichtsmaterialien, FernUniversität in Hagen, 2007, 16, ivv7srv15.uni-muenster.de/tempus/03-Ethnozentrismus_in_Unterrichtsmaterialien.pdf (15.09.2016).
Mounajed, René: Comics und historisch-politische Bildung, 29.05.2012, www.bpb.de/gesellschaft/kultur/kulturelle-bildung/136753/comics-und-historisch-politische-bildung (15.09.2016).
Nakip, Tahir: Eurocentrism in World History Textbooks. The Case of Canada, in: İslâm Araştırmaları Dergisi 32 (2014), 127-154, hier 134, 140, www.academia.edu/11871072/Eurocentrism_in_WH_Textbooks_The_Case_of_Canada (15.09.2016).
Philippsen Kappke, Beatriz: Viagens, www.beatrizkappke.com/viagemporto1.htm (05.09.2016).
Rodrigues, Toni: Entrevista. Jô Fevereiro. O primeiro assistente de Nico Rosso, in: MeMo. A Revista da memória gráfica 1(2012), 100-104, hier 101, www.memomagazine.com.br/revistas/MeMo1.pdf (04.09.2016).
Rodrigues, Toni: Luiz Rosso. Seguindo a veia artística da família [Interview], in: MeMo. A Revista da memória gráfica 1(2012), 124-129, hier 128, www.memomagazine.com.br/revistas/MeMo1.pdf (04.09.2016).
Semel, Stefan: Comics im problemorientierten Geschichtsunterricht. Die spinnen, die Comicer, in: Uffelmann, Uwe: Neue Beiträge zum problemorientierten Geschichtsunterricht, Idstein: Schulz-Kirchner, 1999, 205-220.


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This is an essay written in early 2018 and has been published in Kalaya. I thought it will interest those philosophers who believe in "Mathematics is Ontology" and those scientists who believe in "A Scientific Method".
Those who cannot follow reasoning or give their own reasoning or consider this as gossip may add references.
What Is Science (Pattapal Boru)
Is there a specific method of acquiring knowledge, which is peculiar to Western Science? Starting with Francis Bacon up to Thomas Kuhn, perhaps the Philosophers of Science had thought so, though the methods that they had identified were not the same. They agreed that Science differs from other subjects and systems of knowledge mainly because there was a "scientific method" in acquiring knowledge. Paul Feyerabend on the other hand was of the opinion that there was no scientific method as such.
Western Science that is supposed to "understand" an already existing nature, is not very much different from other disciplines but that does not mean that there is no difference at all between Science and other systems of knowledge. Western thinking is based on dualities and the so-called scientific methods are categorized under either empirical or rationalistic headings. In empiricism, sense experience is primary while rationalists are associated with the deductive method. Bacon is supposed to be an empiricist while Galileo is called a rationalist who followed the deductive methods.
This is an unnecessary categorization, as there are neither pure rationalists nor pure empiricists from the time of ancient Greeks in the western tradition. Induction (inductive reasoning) does not come under logic, but arises from the extension of a property of some members of a population from a limited number of observations in a sample(s) of the population to the entire membership of the population, whether on a statistical basis or not. The population could be infinite. It is not different from having an idea in rationalism in western tradition.
Rationalism begins with basic ideas that may be in the form of axioms or hypotheses or whatever one calls them, all of which will be called "axioms" hereafter. The jump from observations of a property of a limited number of members of a population to all the members of the population, whether it is finite or not, will be called a generalization. There is no empirical basis for this jump, and is based on an "axiom". Neither is there any logic in an Aristotelian sense. It does not follow any rule of inference. It is an idea or a hypothesis as in western rationalism. Generalizations come under rationalism in Western Philosophy. Generalizations in a finite population are said to be concrete, when the generalization could be imagined. Otherwise, a generalization is said to be abstract. These generalizations are results of a process known as inductive reasoning.
When it is said that induction does not come under logic, it means that induction is not deductive starting from a set of "axioms" using rules of inference and Aristotelian two valued two-fold logic. Inductive statements are not different from "axioms", which need not be observed for the entire population. They are ideas imposed on the population. For example, the oft quoted statement "All men are mortal" cannot be observed, and it is an abstract generalization.
The syllogism in a way can also be considered as a test. For example, consider the syllogism:
men are mortal
Socrates is a man
Socrates is mortal.
The statement "All men are mortal" is obtained from a limited number of observations by generalization. It is an induction. If one considers syllogism as a deduction, it is not significant, as Socrates is mortal is included in the premise "All men are mortal". It is transparent at the very beginning and the so-called deduction has no significance.
However, one can consider it as a test of the generalization or the "axiom" all men are mortal. Here is Socrates. If Socrates is mortal as implied by the "axiom" then the axiom holds. Otherwise the "axiom" is invalid, and inductive knowledge "all men are mortal" is not consistent with observations.
The jump from observed to unobserved is not empiricism but rationalism, which cannot be solved in empiricism alone in Western Philosophy. This is one of the problems that David Hume associated with induction, which has no solution within the sphere of pure empiricism. Most of the problems of Hume including causality arose from being a pure empiricist, if one may say so. Western thinking, or more specifically Chinthanaya (it is much more than thinking) is dualistic, and empiricism and rationalism are considered as two tight compartments without any interaction or association (ontology and epistemology constitute another duality). Induction, as mentioned, however could be tested, which brings back us to a form of empiricism.
On the other hand, deductions in rationalism in Western Knowledge make use of rules of inference, which are obtained through induction. The rule if a=c and b=c, then a=b is nothing but a generalization from limited observations such as if two people are equal in height to a third person, then the two people concerned are themselves equal in height to one another. The rule if a=b then b=a, or the rule a=a are rules of inference obtained through induction by observing a limited number of cases. These rules are not God given. Reasoning which depends on rules of inference, obtained by induction cannot be justified without induction that does not come under logic.
These rules of inference are static in the sense "change" has been ignored. The rule a=a is valid only if a does not change. If a changes then what is identified as a does not exist as it is not the same a that is encountered. To say that a= a, one needs to consider a as an object that does not change. This is generalized from the observation of "non-changing" properties of objects.
Change itself is a property that cannot be deduced using two valued two-fold logic as exemplified by Zeno's arrow. However, we shall not discuss it here as it is beyond the scope of this essay.
If one considers a finite population, makes a limited number of observations of a certain property of members of the population and then extend the observations for the unobserved as well, it may be called a concrete induction. However, if the population is infinite then the induction is abstract as the conclusion cannot be grasped through the senses or even imagined.
What we have tried to explain so far is that empiricism and rationalism do not belong to water tight compartments but depend on each other. Some people without being aware of it call themselves both empiricists and rationalists, which seems to be correct even though according to strict dualities in Western Chinthanaya, an empiricist cannot be considered as a rationalist as well. What is discussed here is not related to the so-called Copernican Revolution of Kant.
In western science, very often with or without experiments observations are made (In Astronomy no experiments as such are designed). Most of these observations depend on some basic knowledge that has been acquired by the observers (experimenters as the case may be) through concepts and "axioms".
The observations are very often limited to samples of population, and induction is called into play in arriving at an "axiom" whether concrete or abstract. These inductive "axioms" could be tested by considering other members of the population, but until a member is found to the contrary the "axiom" is held to be valid. As Hume has observed people have a tendency to come to conclusions by induction.
People and animals learn by trial and error if left to themselves. It is revealed by experiments done with mice when they are left to find their way through a mesh with blocks and openings. They try one path, if they do not succeed they try another path and so on, until they find their way out. Children left on their own follow the same method of trial and error.
In western science scientists who want to "explain" nature adopt the same method in arriving at "axioms" that "explain" observations with respect to a property of the members of the population. This method is known as abduction after the American Philosopher and Logician Charles Sanders Peirce (1839 -1914). Abduction, though in the earlier formulations of Peirce had similarities with induction, is entirely different from induction. In abduction, in order to explain a set of observations a hypothesis, an "axiom" is guessed. If the "axiom" does not lead up to the set of observations, then the particular "axiom" is dropped and a different "axiom" is introduced. The process is repeated until a satisfactory "axiom" is obtained. The "axiom" if satisfactory, is sometimes called a theory. This is what happens in abduction but it has to be elaborated in comparison with induction and deduction. It has to be emphasized that satisfactory does not mean true or correct.
We shall first discuss briefly deduction, induction and abduction.
In deduction there are definitions, "axioms" and rules of inference in a given population. We restrict ourselves to the use of the word inference only with respect to deduction. Depending on the population, we identify either concrete deductions or abstract deductions. The population has to be identified first, followed with definitions and "axioms".
Consider first, a concrete example. Let the population be a box of toys. It has to be understood that box, colour, white and toy have been defined in a larger context, in a larger population. Consider the property of colour of the toys. Let us begin with the "axiom" 'All toys are white'.
Deductions are made using rules of inference. The rules of inference as shown above are arrived at by induction. It has to be emphasized that the "axioms" are mere statements unless they had been deduced in a different context. In any event the very first "axioms" are not deduced, and are mere statements. Thus, reasoning alone leads us nowhere, though many people have a kind of faith in the process. These people do not believe in a God, after life, but believe in reason. Can they show that reason is not a belief?
We shall consider two deductions one in a finite population and the other in an infinite population.
Syllogism is a rule of inference obtained by induction. If the objects in a population have the same property, then we know that any object of the population must have that property. It can be generalized as, if all M are P, all S are M, then all S are P. Applying this syllogism to the toys in the box we deduce that since all toys are white, and if some toys are selected from the bag, then the selected toys are white.
Let us now consider the case of the population of straight lines. This is a population of infinite number of members. Then starting with some of the definitions and axioms and theorems in Euclidean Geometry, and the rule of inference if a+b=a+c, then b=c, it can be shown that when any two straight lines intersect each other the alternate angles are equal. (It is easy to see that the rule of inference if a+b=a+c, then b=c, is also obtained by induction).
In deduction whether in a population of finite number of members or of infinite members one starts with definitions and "axioms" and conclusions are arrived at using rules of inference.
Induction as mentioned before is generalization of a property of a sample(s) of members of the population to the entire population. When the population is finite it is called concrete induction, whereas, when the population is infinite it is called abstract induction. The result by induction could be tested by considering members of the population, other than in the sample(s).
Suppose we take a box of toys and select a few members and find them to be white. Then by induction, we may say that all the toys in the box are white. If we come across even one toy in the box, which is not white, then our statement obtained from induction becomes invalid. Thus, induction can also be taken as a test for the statement arrived at. Though this is a population of finite members by considering the more famous examples such as all swans are white or all crows are black we can say abstract induction can be considered as a test as well.
Abduction was introduced by Pierce, though at first he himself could not see the difference between abduction and induction. Abduction is guessing of an "explanation" (reason) of an observed property of the members of a population.
Let us consider the case of falling apples. One has to give a reason for the falling of the apples. One could say that there is an affinity for the apples to fall to the earth, with heavy apples having a strong affinity. However, apples come down with the same acceleration, and one gives up one's guess. Newton comes and guesses something else, which happens to work, may be under certain conditions. Newton's guess is taken as the "reason" for the falling of the apples.
Induction and Abduction in Western Science
Abduction is relevant to western science as it is the method that is used in arriving at "axioms" that explain generalized observations through induction. We may call it the scientific method if such description is needed. However, in western science, there are two stages. In the first stage observations and induction take place in that order, and in the second stage abduction and observations take place in that order. Having said that it has to be emphasized that in the first stage the observations are dependent on theory or one's beliefs, and that the observations could have been proceeded by thoughts. There are neither observations independent of conceptions, nor perceptions without conceptions, and the idea of perceptions without conceptions stem again from the dualities in western Chinthanaya.
In western science it is said that the observations are important, but in Cosmology and modern Theoretical Physics the ideas are considered to be supreme. The symmetry of theories, Mathematical consistency and beauty whatever it means, have become very important. It is as if the Universes or Multiverses have been created Mathematically, and one may be inclined to think that God is a Mathematician, assuming that God exists.
Western science is very much concerned with observations but observations of multiverse is beyond the capacity of the scientists. It is only an idea, and Mathematics is all about ideas arrived at by induction or by construction. Axioms in Euclidean Geometry have been arrived at by induction, while those of Non- Euclidean Geometry are constructions. What I mean by Mathematics, is what is sometimes known as Pure Mathematics, excluding anything that goes as Applied Mathematics. However, this does not mean that ideas exist independent of observations, when sensory perceptible conceptions are considered.
In the second stage, we said that abductions and observations take place in that order. The guesses are made to explain the generalized observations from the first stage, and having made guesses or "axioms" observations are usually carried out in order to arrive at an "axiom" that works. The word 'usually' has been used as it is not the case with multiverses and string theory.
In western science induction is called into play in generalizing from a limited number of observations of a property of a sample(s) to the entire population very often infinite in numbers. These are usually abstract inductions. A good example is the falling of objects to the earth.
Newton would have observed some apples falling when released from the trees. What he did was to generalize this experience to all objects (not merely apples) near the earth, and to make the generalized statement that all objects near the earth fall to the earth when released. That was abstract induction, and the population was the objects near the earth. Then of course he had the problem of the moon that did not fall.
This is the first stage of western science. The population is identified, samples are considered, some property of the sample(s) is observed, and the property is generalized to the entire population, very often of infinite number of members. With respect to populations with infinite number of members we are dealing with abstractions.
As can be seen in induction it is assumed that the relevant property is common to the entire population. As has been said induction belongs to rationalism in western Philosophy. In western science it is assumed that with respect to a certain property the entire population behaves the same way. This is nothing but another "axiom".
In the second state scientists attempt to give an "explanation" of the generalized abstract observation. This is where abduction comes in. Abduction is guessing and nothing else. It belongs to rationalism in western Philosophy and by abduction scientists arrive at "axioms". In guessing it is assumed again that the "axiom" applies to the entire population.
Why do the objects near the earth fall to the earth? Newton had an answer to the question. Others might have given different answers to the question, which did not work. Finally, it was Newton's guess on gravitation that worked.
However, it did not work for the entire population. The moon does not fall. Newton could have excluded the moon from the population by taking the moon not to be near enough to the earth. However, he did not do that, as he wanted his guess to be universal, and gave an explanation as to why the moon does not fall to the earth. It was with his laws of motion and by considering circular motion.
Newton's guess could be considered as an abstract generalization valid for any two objects in the universe. However, it has to be mentioned that Newton did not explain how this force operates, and it was nothing but spooky action at a distance, if we use a later expression by Einstein with respect to Quantum Mechanics.
Abductions are guesses, and the scientists go on guessing until they come across a guess that works. However, these guesses are culture dependent, and abstract. Very often, it is those scientists in cultures that help abstract thinking who come out with successful abstract guesses. The guesses are made in a certain paradigm in Thomas Kuhn's sense, and when a guess cannot be made in the existing paradigm, the scientist has to make a guess with respect to the paradigm as well. Paradigms are also guessed and guessing of a new paradigm is considered as revolutionary science by Kuhn.
A paradigm prescribes the Game Rules that have to be adhered to in making guesses of "axioms". A change of paradigm or paradigm shift is a change of the Game Rules. In the Newtonian paradigm all velocities were relative to the so-called inertial frames, but in Einsteinian paradigm this rule was changed, and the velocity of light remained constant in all so-called inertial frames of reference.
"Axioms" and paradigms are guessed in a culture. Both Newtonian paradigm and the Einsteinian paradigms were created in western Judaic Christian culture, while Quantum Mechanics was created outside Judaic Christian culture with its Aristotelian Logic. Bohr who was a pioneer in creating Quantum Mechanics was influenced by Ying -Yang idea in Chinese culture.
Any guess is subject to correction, and would not hold for the entire population for all situations. Guesses, and hence "axioms" which are sometimes called theories, are valid only for limited cases. It can be said that the guesses work only for a limited number of cases, approximately, and one should expect them to fail in some cases. This is somewhat similar to Popper's falsification, and guesses or "axioms" or theories are subject to falsification, after particularization as explained below. The guesses are never right but only "work" under certain circumstances. However, an "axiom" is not thrown away, simply because one of its particularization does not work. It is used wherever it works, leaving aside the case when it does not work. The theory of gravitation due to Newton was not thrown away just because its particularization with respect to the orbits of the planets around the sun did not work. It is still used wherever it works.
This is based on pragmatism, and abduction is based on pragmatism as a Philosophy. It does not come as a surprise to note that abduction was introduced in US that follows a pragmatic philosophy. Quantum Mechanics, though not "understood" by western scientists within their culture continues to be used for its pragmatic features in western science mainly because US is the dominant force in science today.
Verification of "axioms"
Guessing of "axioms" belong to rationalism and not empiricism in Western Philosophy. The "axioms" are abstract statements, and one can go on deriving results as in Mathematics using rules of inference, as Greeks used to do with Euclidean Geometry. However, Science is not Mathematics, and one is interested in finding out whether the "axioms" have any sense with respect to observations.
We have previously said that "axioms" work in certain situations, and one should have wondered as to what is meant by working. This is a tricky question and involves a jump from general to particular. It is the reverse of induction, and may be called particularization, for want of a better word.
As "axioms" are abstract statements, what are deduced from them using rules of inference are also abstract statements. For example, from Newton's theory of gravitation one could derive that an object is attracted towards another object with a certain acceleration that increases as the distance between them decreases. From this abstract statement scientists jump to the particular case of an apple falling to the earth, and say that the apple falls to the earth with increasing acceleration.
The "axioms" are not verified by observations. The "axioms" are abstract statements in western science, while observations are concrete experiences. An "axiom" has to be first particularized before an observation is made. Thus, what is verified or falsified is not the "axiom" but a particularization of the "axiom".
Karl Popper's falsification of theories could be valid only for particularizations. However, even then the "axioms" are not thrown away completely, but are made use of under special circumstances. This is a consequence of the nature of "axioms". As "axioms" are guesses, they can be guessed only as far as certain situations are concerned, and not to cover the entire ambit of the population.
In western science the "axioms" are not supposed to be true or false but to work under certain conditions. Firstly, the "axioms" do not reflect a reality as such and the old "inference" that if a theory P implies a certain result Q, and if Q is observed, then P is valid does not hold. It is not obtained from any rule of inference as such, as the rule of inference states that if P is valid and P implies Q, then Q is valid. Secondly "axioms" can be guessed only within a limited range of observations to work.
The so called Scientific Method
Feyerabend said anything goes in science. However, there is a method in western science, though that method is used by others as well. It is a guessing game called abduction, that is practiced by rats in finding out the way to escape from a maze, by the children in learning a new technique or acquiring new "knowledge", by search engines that throw out thousands of guesses, by artificial intelligence people etc. The difference between the others and the western scientists is that the guesses of the others are concrete, while the guesses of the western scientists are abstract. Western doctors in diagnosing use the method of abduction, though concrete.
In western science from a limited number of observations of a property of the members of a very large population, very often infinite, by induction generalized abstract statements are made. In generalizing it is implicitly assumed that the property holds for the entire population. Having made generalized statements with respect to the relevant property, western science looks for explanations for the property. These explanations are not causes as such but some guesses that work. The guesses unlike in the case of rats and ordinary people are abstract. Having guessed working "axioms" a jump is made through particularization to test whether the "axiom" in a concrete form works in a limited range. No "axiom" will work in the entire range.
Labels: pattapal boru, Western science


shore, beach, dry land; see continent, land 1, region 1.
"mainland." YourDictionary, n.d. Web. 13 April 2019. <https://thesaurus.yourdictionary.com/Mainland>.
Of the nearest point in the mainland of South America, between 51° and 53° S., and 57° 40' and 61° 25' W.
It belongs to the same volcanic system as the mainland near it, and the Monte Epomeo (anc. 'Eirwircbs, viewpoint), the highest point of the island (2588 ft.), lies on the N.
Of Civitavecchia, the nearest point on the mainland of Italy.


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Riyadh Police Arrest a Gang of Counterfeiters - ASHARQ AL-AWSAT English Archive
Riyadh Police Arrest a Gang of Counterfeiters
by Asharq Al-Awsat | Sep 27, 2006 | Lifestyle & Culture |
Riyadh, Asharq Al-Awsat- Police in Riyadh arrested a group of three women and four men on charges of fraud. The gang had reportedly convinced a Saudi citizen that it could transform counterfeit currency into real money by pouring a certain liquid over it. The gang persuaded the Saudi citizen to hand over 400 Saudi Riyals in exchange for one million dollars worth of counterfeit currency. The Saudi reported the gang to Saudi authorities.
In the statement made by the Saudi citizen, it said that he met the members of the gang when he approached two of the women to ask them to about healing an illness from which he was suffering by way of magic. He remained friends with the two women who soon introduced him to the other members of the gang.
The criminal investigation branch of Riyadh police department had gathered details of the crime as well as the gang's activities and whereabouts. The Saudi told authorities that the gang deliberately changed the locations of where they would take him. The police carried out a well-organized operation and arrested the gang. The money has since been returned to the victim.
Riyadh's security authorities have recently intensified efforts to track down fraudulent gangs that many of the city's residents have complained about.


'Starting Versi-Laev' ( Tomas Tamberg, R. 1993) SPEC-X (tetraploid.), height 24" (60 cm), Midseason late bloom. Standards. blue purple; Falls. deep blue purple, yellowish signal. 8356AC (converted): (wine red I. versicolor x 'Regal') X self. Schoeppinger 1994.


This book gives a critical assessment of key developments in contemporary French philosophy, highlighting the diverse ways in which recent French thought has moved beyond the philosophical positions and arguments which have been widely associated with the terms 'post-structuralism' and 'postmodernism'. These developments are assessed through a close comparative reading of the work of seven contemporary thinkers: Jean-Luc Marion, Jean-Luc Nancy, Bernard Stiegler, Catherine Malabou, Jacques Rancière, Alain Badiou and François Laruelle.
The book situates the writing of each philosopher in relation to earlier traditions of French thought. In differing ways, these philosophers decisively distance themselves from the linguistic paradigm which dominated so much twentieth-century thought in order to rethink philosophical conceptions of materiality, worldliness, shared embodied existence and human agency or subjectivity. They thereby open the way for a radical renewal of the claims, possibilities and transformative power of philosophical thinking itself.
This book will be an indispensable text for students of philosophy and for anyone interested in current developments in philosophy and social thought.


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Q: Can you use an export default function, with ReactToPrint? I am trying to implement ReactToPrint, to print out the contents of the export default function ToDoList (Which returns a map of the Todo cards from another class).
 export default function ToDoList({ todos, toggleTodo }) {
  return todos.map((todo) => {
    return <Todo key={todo.id} toggleTodo={toggleTodo} todo={todo} />;
  });
}

The ReactToPrint library seems to prefer if you use a Class Component, or a functional component like below.
export const ComponentToPrint = React.forwardRef((props, ref) => {
return (

Grocery List Contents

); });

What is the best way that I could use the ToDoList Default Function, with ReactToPrint?
Thank you for your time.

A: I was able to figure it out. I just needed to add the desired element to a span tag, with a new ref variable slapped to it. That allowed the computer to see the component I desired.
function App() {
  const [todos, setTodos] = useState([]);
  const todoNameRef = useRef();
  const todoListRef = useRef();
);

        <ToDoList todos={todos} toggleTodo={toggleTodo}/>

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