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High School History: Sparta and Athens
Sparta and Athens 1
Dorians conquered the local people, made Sparta the capital, and set up a harsh government under the control of military leaders. Lycurgus established the Spartan form of government around 600 BC. Sparta had to be strong enough to defeat its enemies and also to control its slaves, called helots. The king headed the government.
The real power was with 5 elderly men called ephors. These ephors were responsible for day-to-day workings of the city; eventually, they became more powerful than the king; they commanded armies, decided questions of law and conducted business with other countries. Citizen - person who owes loyalty to a particular country and is entitled to that country's protection. Spartan citizenship is limited to male land owners.
All male citizens 30 years and older were members of the assembly, which discussed and voted on important public issues. Thirty males over 60, called elders, made up the senate. The senate often decided which issues the assembly could handle. The senate set the agenda for the assembly and could overrule its actions. Sparta's citizens were expected to live tough, active lives and to do without luxuries. A Spartan existence is hard; it denies many of the comforts of life. Every healthy male citizen had to serve as a soldier. The highest form of devotion a Spartan soldier could show was to fight his city's wars and return Awith his shield or on it. Spartan boys left home at age 7 to train as soldiers. By 20, those who survived the harsh training became full soldiers. They could also marry at age 20, but they still had to live in military barracks. At age 30, they became full citizens and could live in homes of their own. They continued to serve int he army until the age of 60. Spartan girls received most of their training at home. They were encouraged to be good wives and mothers of strong, healthy children. To be unmarried or to have no children was considered a disgrace. Women could inherit property and pass it on to their children. As a result, women owned nearly half the wealth of ancient Sparta, and they could have influence and control in the city-state.
The city-state of Athens was very different from Sparta. In Athens, the world's first democracy developed. (Democracy is a government in which the citizens rule themselves.)
Draco was the Athenian ruler who began trying to make reforms around 620 BC.
1. He organized laws by putting them down in a written code or Draco's Code.
2. He let people know exactly what the laws were and that they applied to everybody.
3. The code also explained the harsh penalties for people who broke the laws.
4. The code gave a person accused of murder the right to a trial. The accused had to be proven guilty before being punished.
Overall, Draco's code helped Athens to develop a government based on written laws.
Solon was the next Athenian ruler.
1. He made Draco's laws less harsh.
2. He ended the practice of enslaving those who failed to pay their debts.
3. He created a court for all citizens and gave all citizens the right to vote.
4. Citizenship, however, was quite limited --- women and slaves could not be citizens; only men who were born in and lived in a city-state could be citizens. Altogether, only a little more half of the male population of Athens were citizens.
Only citizens could be members of the Assembly that approved decisions made by the government.
Freed slaves, poor landowners and labourers wanted to become citizens and gain more political power.
At the same time, the wealthy classes believed that Solon had given too much of their power to the small landowners and merchants. A period of unrest followed Solon's rule.
Cleisthenes - a third democratic reformer:
1. Gave more support to the common people.
2. Recognized the social and military classes and broke the power of the old noble families.
3. Permitted some immigrants and former slaves to become citizens.
4. Introduced the practice of ostracism or banishment. Athenian citizens could vote to banish, or ostracize, from the city-state those people, whom they considered to be dangerous.
By about 500 BC, Athens was much like a modern democracy. The Athenian assembly became the law-making body. All free adult male citizens could now participate in the assembly. The assembly met 40 times a year to discuss and vote on issues. The Council of 500, chosen from volunteers from each of the 10 districts of the polis, helped the assembly sort out business. A smaller council of 50 men, whose membership changed 10 times a year, ran the day-to-day business of the city-state. Athens was a direct democracy --- citizens took a direct part in government . They discussed and voted on the issues for themselves. In court cases, citizens represented themselves and argued their cases before the jury. Citizens were also expected to serve as jurors and officeholders. The term of office was one year, so many citizens had the chance to serve their state. Direct democracy did not always work perfectly in Athens. The right to vote and take part in government was limited to a small, privileged group of citizens. Despite this, Athens provided a model of government to the rest of Greece. It remains a model that is looked up to in many parts of the world today.


The North American Thebaid is conceived to be both pilgrimage and publication, resulting in a large-format coffee table book of fine art photographic images, with select, inspiring texts, covering as many of the monastic settlements in North America as God allows.
My plan is to travel over approximately a two-year period, staying for a few to several days at a time at various monasteries and sketes, living, praying and working with the monastics, while creating numinous, compelling images of the sacred space, the grounds, the life and the worship of these communities. In between my stays at monasteries, I will be presenting the "work in progress" at parishes, planting seeds, making connections, and thereby helping "expand the mission" of the Orthodox Church in America.
Sample images and prototype book available. PDF of the prototype book is available by request at no charge.
The "Thebaid" was the Egyptian desert where 4th century Christians went to flee the world and devote themselves to seeking God in prayer and solitude – the first monasteries were born there. A thousand years later there developed a "Northern Thebaid" in the north of Orthodox Christian Russia. Then in the late 18th century, Russian monks brought the Orthodox Christian faith to Alaska and North America. Now there are dozens of monasteries here.
The inspiration for this project springs primarily from the example of seminarian Gleb Podmoshensky, whose 1961 pilgrimage to monastic sketes and settlements across the United States, Canada and Alaska, and his photographic slide show from these visits, had an inspiring and pivotal impact on a certain young man: Eugene Rose.
As is well known, Eugene and Gleb co-founded, with the blessing of St. John Maximovitch, Archbishop of San Francisco, a missionary brotherhood, bookstore and printing press, which eventually led to the founding of St Herman of Alaska Monastery in the rugged wilderness of Northern California, with Eugene and Gleb tonsured as monks Seraphim and Herman.
I think of my dear friend Vicki Bellas, now Mother Paula at the Orthodox Monastery of the Transfiguration in Ellwood City, in the beautiful hills of Western Pennsylvania, who came to embrace the monastic life only after a fruitful career as a school teacher, and later as a missionary to orphans in Guatemala at the Hogar Rafael Ayau.
I call to mind also Monk Seraphim (whom I have yet to meet, but know of through Fr Alexander Fecanin of St Symeon's Orthodox Church, Birmingham, Alabama), who traveled to Russia and elsewhere tasting of the Orthodox monastic life at some of the great centers like Optina and Valaam, before finding that place within which his heart resonated, at St Anthony's Monastery in Arizona.
Who will inspire the next generation of American Orthodox monastics? Who will expend their life "in the breach" (cf. Ps 106:23 NKJV), pointing the way for others, sparking and kindling the flame of divine zeal for ascetic labors undertaken out of love for Christ, His Most Pure Mother, the Church and the saints?
Metropolitan Tikhon of the OCA, at the 18th All-American Council, July 2015.
Such is the impetus behind this book project, which seems to dovetail in a most providential way with the words and mission of His Beatitude Metropolitan Tikhon of the OCA, and of Archimandrite Sergius, abbot of St Tikhon of Zadonsk Monastery in Waymart PA, not to mention with the faithful labours of two of Fr Seraphim Rose's spiritual sons: Archimandrite Gerasim (Eliel), who, by God's providence, is likely soon to be consecrated bishop of the OCA Diocese of the South, and Hieromonk Damascene, who in 2013 was raised to the rank of Abbot of St Herman of Alaska Monastery in Platina.
Nor will this project somehow inadvertently convey a false dichotomy between the monastic and married life, between following Christ through the tonsure and following Him in the world. Here we can apply the counsel of Archimandrite Sergius, Abbot of St Tikhon of Zadonsk Monastery, who notes that both monastics and married laity are "called to live 100% for our Lord 100% of the time," and the monastic life has traditionally been accepted as the inspiration for the laity.
In addition, the Project Launch Plan details what I call creative "tent-making" (looking to the example of St Paul in Acts 18:1-3), specific, ongoing methods to raise funds to support the endeavor, including sale of fine-art prints and other memorabilia linked to the Project, as well as offering customized photographic services to parishes in appreciation for donations.
From the beginning of the Project, parish visits will be scheduled in-between monastery stays, to present digital slide-shows of these monastic pilgrimages, perhaps receiving collections along the way, and always hoping to inspire followers and supporters of the project. It is my prayer and hope that some potential monastics may also be harvested in this apostolic-like endeavor. As God wills.
Join our email list to receive regular updates on the Northern Thebaid Pilgrimage Project, and to learn about the many opportunities for you to help support our efforts.


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Reigning and "Emeritus." The Enigma of the Two Popes
It is an unprecedented innovation in the history of the Church. With many unknowns still unresolved, and with serious risks already in play. An analysis by Roberto de Mattei
ROME, September 15, 2014 – That the figure of "pope emeritus" is an unprecedented innovation in the history of the Church, "instituted" by Benedict XVI himself in his act of resignation, has been recognized by Pope Francis himself, during the press conference on the airplane that brought him back from Korea to Rome last August I8.
This does not change the fact that from both the juridical and the doctrinal point of view it is by no means established that this new figure in the Catholic hierarchy has any real foundation.
"Time will tell if it is right or wrong, we shall see," Francis said prudently, although he is personally an enthusiast of the innovation.
Among theologians and canonists, in fact, the viewpoints continue to be highly discordant.
Just two days after the announcement of the abdication, Manuel Jesus Arroba, a professor of canon law at the Pontifical Lateran University, warned against the use of the title: "Juridically there is only one pope. A 'pope emeritus' cannot exist."
But it was above all a leading light of canon law and former rector of the Pontifical Gregorian University, the Jesuit Gianfranco Ghirlanda, who refuted the legitimacy of the figure of "pope emeritus" in a long and thoroughly substantiated article published on March 2, 2013 in "La Civiltà Cattolica" and therefore - as for all the articles of this magazine - printed after review and authorization by the Vatican secretariat of state:
> Cessazione dall'ufficio di Romano Pontefice
At the end of his article, Fr. Ghirlanda drew this conclusion:
"To deal at some length with the question of the relationship between the acceptance of legitimate election and episcopal consecration, and therefore of the origin of the authority of the Roman pontiff, has been necessary precisely in order to understand more deeply that the one who ceases from the pontifical ministry not because of death, although evidently remaining bishop is pope no longer, in that he loses all of the authority of primacy, because this did not come to him from episcopal consecration, but directly from Christ through the acceptance of legitimate election."
And he therefore ruled out the notion that the one resigning could continue to use the name of "pope," even as emeritus:
"It is evident that the pope who has resigned is no longer pope, and therefore no longer has any authority in the Church and cannot interfere in any matter of governance. One might wonder what title Benedict XVI will retain. We think that he should be given the title of bishop emeritus of Rome, like any other diocesan bishop who steps down."
Afterward, however, it was Ratzinger himself who took the title of "pope emeritus" and in a certain sense retained the trappings by continuing to wear the white cassock.
He enigmatically anticipated the meaning of this decision in the last of his general audiences as pope, on February 27, 2013, the eve of his effective abdication:
"Anyone who accepts the Petrine ministry no longer has any private dimension. […] My decision to resign the active exercise of the ministry does not revoke this. I do not return to private life, to a life of travel, meetings, receptions, conferences, and so on. I am not abandoning the cross, but remaining in a new way at the side of the crucified Lord. I no longer bear the power of office for the governance of the Church, but in the service of prayer I remain, so to speak, in the enclosure of Saint Peter."
There are those who remember that Pius XII, when he prepared his letter of resignation that would go into effect in the event that the Germans should come to arrest him, said to his closest collaborators: "When the Germans cross that line, they will find not the pope, but Cardinal Pacelli."
But this was not at all the case for Benedict XVI. In resigning, he had no thought of being able to go back to being "Cardinal Ratzinger." It was and is his firm conviction that there is something of his election as pope that remains "forever."
And this is what some scholars have been trying to identify and justify.
Like Valerio Gigliotti, a professor of the history of European law at the University of Torino, in the book "La tiara deposta," which www.chiesa covered last April:
> The Pope's Third Embodiment
Or like Fr. Stefano Violi, a professor of law at the theological faculty of Emilia Romagna, in an article in the "Rivista Teologica di Lugano":
> La rinuncia di Benedetto XVI. Tra storia, diritto e coscienza
According to Violi, in abdicating Benedict XVI indeed left the active exercise of the Petrine ministry, but not the office, the "munus" of the papacy, inalienable precisely because it was entrusted to him forever with his election as bishop of Rome and successor of Peter.
Those who know Ratzinger know that he would never subscribe to such a splitting of the papal office, which in his judgment can be only accepted or rejected as a whole.
But he has never said anything to clarify what he sees as the nature of his being "pope emeritus" even after the abdication.
The adjective "emeritus," borrowed from bishops who have resigned, is of no help in understanding.
A bishop remains bishop forever, by virtue of the indelible character of the sacrament of orders, even after he no longer governs any diocese.
And a successor of Peter also remains bishop forever, after his resignation. But how can he still remain "pope," after he has renounced all, not only a part, of what constitutes the specifically Petrine?
This silence of Ratzinger gives free rein not only to doctrinal conjectures that he certainly does not share - like the invention of an indelible "character" impressed by election as pope, as if it were a sacramental act - but also to the disorientation of not a few of the faithful, tempted to maintain that there can be two popes in the Catholic Church - perhaps on different levels, but still more than one - and to take sides for one against the other.
The following reflection goes to the heart of the matter and brings to light the seriousness of what is at stake, under the historical, canonical, and doctrinal profiles.
Roberto de Mattei, 66 years old and a father of five, is a professor of the history of Christianity at the European University of Rome. He directs the magazine "Radici Cristiane" and the news agency "Corrispondenza Romana." He was vice-president of the National Research Council from 2003 to 2011. He is the author of the book "The Second Vatican Council - An Unwritten Story," already translated into English, French, German, and Polish.
ONE AND ONE ALONE IS POPE
by Roberto de Mattei
Among the multiple and multifaceted statements of Pope Francis in recent days there is one that deserves to be evaluated in its entire scope.
During the press conference held on August 18, 2014 on board the plane that was bringing him back to Italy after his voyage to Korea, the pope said among other things:
"I think that a Pope emeritus should not be an exception; after so many centuries, this is our first Pope emeritus. […] Seventy years ago bishops emeritus were an exception; they didn't exist. Today bishops emeritus are an institution. I think that a 'Pope emeritus' has already become an institution. Why? Because our span of life increases and at a certain age we no longer have the ability to govern well because our body is weary; our health may be good but we don't have the ability to deal with all the problems of a government like that of the Church. I believe that Pope Benedict XVI took this step which de facto instituted Popes emeriti. I repeat, perhaps some theologian will tell you that it isn't right, but that's what I think. Time will tell if it is right or wrong, we shall see. You can ask me: 'What if one day you don't feel prepared to go on?'. I would do the same, I would do the same! I will pray hard over it, but I would do the same thing. [Benedict] opened a door which is institutional, not exceptional."
The institutionalization of the figure of pope emeritus would therefore seem to be a fait accompli.
Some Catholic writers, like Antonio Socci, Vittorio Messori, and Fr. Ariel Levi di Gualdo, have stressed the problem raised by this unprecedented situation, which seems to accredit the existence of a pontifical "diarchy." A revolutionary break with the theological and juridical tradition of the Church paradoxically made precisely by the pope of the "hermeneutic of reform in continuity."
It is no coincidence that the "school of Bologna," which has always distinguished itself by its opposition to Benedict XVI, greeted with satisfaction his resignation from the pontificate, not only because it removed an unwelcome pope from the scene, but precisely because of that "reform of the papacy" which he is seen as having inaugurated with the decision to take the title of pope emeritus.
The "continuist" hermeneutic of Benedict XVI has thus been overturned with a gesture of strong discontinuity, historical and theological.
The historical discontinuity arises from the rarity of the abdication of a pope, in two thousand years of Church history. But the theological discontinuity consists precisely in the intention to institutionalize the figure of pope emeritus.
The first who hastened to provide a theoretical justification for the innovation were above all authors in the progressive vein. Like Fr. Stefano Violi, a professor of canon law at the theological faculty of Emilia Romagna, with the essay "The resignation of Benedict XVI between history, law, and conscience" ("Rivista teologica di Lugano", XVIII, 2, 2013, pp. 155-166). And like Valerio Gigliotti, a professor of European law at the University of Torino, with the concluding chapter of his book "La tiara deposta. La rinuncia al papato nella storia del diritto e della Chiesa [Tiara down: The resignation of the papacy in the history of law and of the Church]" (Leo S. Olschki, Florence, 2013, pp. 387-432).
According to Violi, in the "Declaratio" with which he announced his abdication on February 11, 2013, Benedict XVI distinguishes the Petrine ministry, "munus," with an eminently spiritual essence, from its administration or exercise.
"His powers," Violi writes, "seem to him insufficient for the administration of the 'munus,' not for the 'munus' itself." Proof of the spiritual essence of the "munus" is taken as having been expressed in the following words of the "Declaratio" of Benedict XVI:
"I am well aware that this ministry (munus), due to its essential spiritual nature, must be carried out (exequendum) not only with words and deeds, but no less with prayer and suffering."
In this passage, according to Violi, Benedict XVI distinguishes not only between "munus" and "executio muneris," but also between an administrative-ministerial "executio," carried out in actions and words ("agendo et loquendo"), and an "executio" that is expressed with prayer and suffering ("orando et patiendo"). Benedict XVI is seen as having were announced the active exercise of the ministry, but not the office, the "munus" of the papacy: "The object of the irrevocable resignation is in fact the 'executio muneris' through action and word ('agendo et loquendo'), not the 'munus' entrusted to him once and for all."
Gigliotti also maintains that Benedict XVI, in ceasing to be supreme pontiff, has taken on a new juridical and personal status.
The split between the traditional attribute of "potestas" and the new one of "servitium," between the juridical and spiritual dimensions of the papacy, is claimed to have opened the way "to a new mystical dimension of service to the people of God in communion and charity." The "plenitudo potestatis" would be left behind for a "plenitudo caritatis" of the pope emeritus: a third status "with respect both to the condition prior to elevation to the see of Peter and to that of the supreme leadership of the Church: it is the 'third embodiment of the pope,' that of operative continuity in the service of the Church through the contemplative way."
In my judgment, the admirers of Benedict XVI must resist the temptation to endorse these ideas in order to turn them to their advantage.
Among Catholics of conservative orientation, in fact, some are already beginning to murmur that, in the case of a worsening of the religious crisis under way, the existence of two popes would make it possible to oppose pope emeritus Benedict XVI to pope in earnest Francis.
This is a position different from that of the sedevacantists, but it is characterized by the same theological weakness.
In times of crisis one must not look to men, who are frail and fleeting creatures, but to the unshakable institutions and principles of the Church. The papacy, in which the Catholic Church is concentrated in many ways, is founded on a theology whose pillars must be recovered. There is above all one point that must not be ignored. The common doctrine of the Church has always distinguished between the power of orders and the power of jurisdiction. The former is received through the sacraments, the latter by divine mission, in the case of the pope, or by canonical mission in the case of the bishops and priests. The power of jurisdiction stems directly from Peter, who received it immediately from Jesus Christ; all others in the Church receive it from Christ through his vicar, "ut sit unitas in corpore apostolico" (St. Thomas Aquinas, "Ad Gentes" IV c. 7).
The pope is therefore not a superbishop, nor is he the endpoint of a sacramental line that goes from the ordinary priest, through the bishop, up to the supreme pontiff. The episcopate constitutes the sacramental fullness of orders, and therefore no higher character than that of bishop can be imparted. As bishop, the pope is equal to all the other bishops.
What sets the pope above every other bishop is the divine mission that has been handed down from Peter to each of his successors, not by heredity but through an election legitimately carried out and freely accepted. In fact, the one who rises to the pontifical see could be an ordinary priest, or even a layman, who would be consecrated bishop after his election but is pope not from the moment of episcopal consecration, but in the act in which he accepts the pontificate.
The primacy of the pope is not sacramental, but juridical. It consists in the full power to feed, support, and govern the whole Church, meaning the supreme, ordinary, immediate, universal jurisdiction independent of all other earthly authority (art. 3 of the dogmatic constitution of Vatican Council I "Pastor Aeternus").
In a word, the pope is the one who has the supreme power of jurisdiction, the "plenitudo potestatis," because he governs the Church. And this is why the successor of Peter is first pope and then bishop of Rome. He is bishop of Rome in that he is pope, and not pope in that he is bishop of Rome.
The pope ordinarily leaves his office with death, but his power of jurisdiction is not indelible and inalienable. In the supreme governance of the Church there in fact exist the "exceptional cases" that theologians have studied, like heresy, physical and moral infirmity, resignation (cf. my article "Vicar of Christ. The primacy of Peter between normality and exception," Fede e Cultura, Verona, 2013, pp. 106-138).
The case of resignation was examined above all after the abdication of the pontificate by Celestine V, pope from August 29 to December 13 of 1294. On that occasion a theological debate was opened between those who maintained that the resignation was invalid and those who upheld its juridical and theological foundation.
Among the many voices that were raised to reiterate the common doctrine of the Church must be remembered those of Giles of Viterbo (1243-1316), author of the concise treatise "De renunciatione papae," and of his disciple Augustine Trionfi of Viterbo, who left us an imposing "Summa de potestate ecclesiastica," which deals with the problem of the resignation (q. IV) and removal of the pope (q. V). Both Augustinians, but pupils of Thomas Aquinas, they are remembered as fully orthodox authors, among the most fervent supporters of the pontiff's primacy of jurisdiction against the claims of the king of France and of the emperor of Germany at the time.
In the footsteps of the Angelic Doctor (Summa Theologica, 2-2ae, q. 39, a. 3), they illustrate the distinction between "potestas ordinis" and "potestas iurisdictionis." The first, which stems from the sacrament of orders, presents an indelible character and is not subject to resignation. The second has a juridical nature and, not bearing the imprint of the indelible character proper to sacred orders, is subject to loss in the case of heresy, resignation, or removal. Giles reiterates the difference between "cessio" and "depositio," the supreme pontiff not being subject to the second of these except in the case of grave and persistent heresy. The decisive proof of the fact that the "potestas papalis" does not impart an indelible character is the fact that "if this were not so, there could be no apostolic succession as long as a heretical pope remained alive" (Gigliotti, p. 250).
This doctrine, which has also been the common practice of the Church for twenty centuries, can be considered one of divine law, and as such unchangeable.
Vatican Council II did not explicitly reject the concept of "potestas," but set it aside, replacing it with an equivocal new concept, that of "munus." Art. 21 of "Lumen Gentium" then seems to teach that episcopal consecration confers not only the fullness of orders, but also the office of teaching and governing, whereas in the whole history of the Church the act of episcopal consecration has been distinguished from that of appointment, or of the conferral of the canonical mission.
This ambiguity is consistent with the ecclesiology of the theologians of the Council and postcouncil (Congar, Ratzinger, de Lubac, Balthasar, Rahner, Schillebeeckx…) who presumed to reduce the mission of the Church to a sacramental function, scaling down his juridical aspects.
The theologian Joseph Ratzinger, for example, although not sharing Hans Küng's conception of a charismatic and de-institutionalized Church, distanced himself from tradition when he saw in the primacy of Peter the fullness of the apostolic ministry, linking the ministerial character to the sacramental (J.Auer-J. Ratzinger, "La Chiesa universale sacramento di salvezza", Cittadella, Assisi, 1988).
This sacramental and non-juridical conception of the Church is emerging today in the figure of pope emeritus.
If the pope who resigns from the pontificate retains the title of emeritus, that means that to some extent he remains pope. It is clear, in fact, that in the definition the noun prevails over the adjective. But why is he still pope after the abdication? The only explanation possible is that the pontifical election has imparted an indelible character, which he does not lose with the resignation. The abdication would presuppose in this case the cessation of the exercise of power, but not the disappearance of the pontifical character. This indelible character attributed the pope could be explained in its turn only by an ecclesiological vision that would subordinate the juridical dimension of the pontificate to the sacramental.
It is possible that Benedict XVI shares this position, presented by Violi and Gigliotti in their essays, but the eventuality that he may have made the notion of the sacramental nature of the papacy his own does not mean that it is true. There does not exist, except in the imagination of some theologians, a spiritual papacy distinct from the juridical papacy. If the pope is, by definition, the one who governs the Church, in resigning governance he resigns from the papacy. The papacy is not a spiritual or sacramental condition, but an "office," or indeed an institution.
The tradition and practice of the Church clearly affirm that there is one and only one pope, and his power is indivisible in its unity. Bringing into doubt the monarchical principle that rules the Church would mean subjecting the Mystical Body to an intolerable laceration. What distinguishes the Catholic Church from every other church or religion is precisely the existence of a unifying principle embodied in a person and directly instituted by God.
The distinction between governance and the exercise of governance, inapplicable to the pontifical office, could if anything be applied to understand the difference between Jesus Christ, who governs the Church invisibly, and his vicar, who exercises visible governance by divine delegation.
The Church has only one head and founder, Jesus Christ. The pope is the vicar of Jesus Christ, Man-God, but unlike the founder of the Church, who is perfect in his two human and divine natures, the Roman pontiff is a solely human person, devoid of the characteristics of the divinity.
Today we tend to divinize, to absolutize, what is human in the Church, ecclesiastical persons, and instead to humanize, to relativize, what is divine in the Church: its faith, its sacraments, its tradition. This error gives rise to grave consequences also on the psychological and spiritual level.
The pope is a human creature, although he is imbued with a divine mission. Impeccability has not been attributed to him, and infallibility is a charism that can be exercised only under precise conditions. He can err from the political point of view, from the pastoral point of view, and even from the doctrinal point of view, when he does not express himself "ex cathedra" and when he does not present the perennial and unchangeable magisterium of the Church. This does not change the fact that the pope must be given the highest honors that can be bestowed upon a man, and that one should nurture an authentic devotion to his person, as the saints have always done.
One may debate the intentions of Benedict XVI and his ecclesiology, but what is certain is that there can be only one pope at a time and that this pope, in the absence of proof to the contrary, is Francis, legitimately elected on March 13, 2013.
Pope Francis can be criticized, even severely, with due respect, but he must be considered the supreme pontiff until his death or until his eventual loss of the pontificate.
Benedict XVI has renounced not a part of the pontificate, but the whole papacy, and Francis is not a part-time pope, but entirely the pope.
How he exercises his power is, naturally, another discussion. But even in this case theology and the "sensus fidei" offer us instruments for resolving all the theological and canonical problems that may arise in the future.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Гленко () — місто () в США, в окрузі Ґаллатін штату Кентуккі. Населення — 360 осіб (2010).

Географія
Гленко розташоване за координатами  (38.724990, -84.823276).  За даними Бюро перепису населення США в 2010 році місто мало площу 4,60 км², з яких 4,57 км² — суходіл та 0,03 км² — водойми.

Демографія

Згідно з переписом 2010 року, у місті мешкало 360 осіб у 142 домогосподарствах у складі 94 родин. Густота населення становила 78 осіб/км².  Було 157 помешкань (34/км²).

Расовий склад населення:

До двох чи більше рас належало 0,8 %. Частка іспаномовних становила 1,9 % від усіх жителів.

За віковим діапазоном населення розподілялося таким чином: 26,4 % — особи молодші 18 років, 58,9 % — особи у віці 18—64 років, 14,7 % — особи у віці 65 років та старші. Медіана віку мешканця становила 38,2 року. На 100 осіб жіночої статі у місті припадало 111,8 чоловіків;  на 100 жінок у віці від 18 років та старших — 102,3 чоловіків також старших 18 років.

Середній дохід на одне домашнє господарство  становив  доларів США (медіана — ), а середній дохід на одну сім'ю —  долари (медіана — ). За межею бідності перебувало 22,3 % осіб, у тому числі 41,1 % дітей у віці до 18 років та 8,7 % осіб у віці 65 років та старших.

Цивільне працевлаштоване населення становило 206 осіб. Основні галузі зайнятості: виробництво — 19,9 %, будівництво — 15,0 %, мистецтво, розваги та відпочинок — 12,1 %, транспорт — 11,7 %.

Джерела

Міста Кентуккі
Населені пункти округу Галлатін (Кентуккі)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Some of you are well acquainted with the Legend of Aardvark Day. Others may dimly recall that every May 8 since 1999, I've made an effort to be caught on film.
A big deadline cast a pall over my day. I felt cheated… until I remembered that May 8 always fell during Finals Week in college, so it's been tense more often than not. Honestly, aren't most holidays trouble of one kind or another?
I've spared you all the yawning pictures. We're rarely in bed before 1, but I can't fight these eyelids any longer.
Happy Aardvark Day, celebrants! May all your old flames be… … old? Flaming? Yep, it's bedtime.
I loved reading the story about Aardvark Day. That's such a nice tradition. The story is touching. There have been such powerful attachments to certain people I have had in my life that are life-altering. Even to this day I think about them, those certain ones I guess I fell in love with and who've left my life forever.
Ah, Aardvark Day. If I knew any Aardvark Day carols, I would sing one before heading off to bed!
Happy Aardvark Day! I have "Tell [ex-boyfriend] all the things I appreciate about him" day coming up, inserted in my phone back when he was still my boyfriend. Not quite sure how I'm going to commemorate that one.
Happy Aardvark Day, lovely girl.
What did the dermatologist do (besides observe that you're really cute?) I know nothin about skin, so I'm awfully curious.
Laura – Ah, the shadowy figures from our pasts! Perhaps you need a general-purpose "To All the Folks I've Loved Before" holiday? Might be worth a shot! If you can't exorcise nostalgia, put it to work for you.
Jacob – Would you believe there IS an Aardvark Day carol (of sorts)? If I teach it to you, you'll have a whole year to perfect your performance before A-Day 2013!
rapunzel – Good question: he gave me two prescriptions (one antibiotic, one anti-yeast thingy) and two topical creams (to melt my face off, essentially). I had a check-up last week; the yeast-killer's out, a testosterone-blocker is in. For someone who gets nervous even taking aspirin, all this Modern Medicine is a bit scary— but I haven't felt this good about my face since who-knows-when.
Rach – Thank you, loveduck! You're seeing a sleeveless dress + vest + shrug. 'Cause baby, it was cold outside, and Ian wanted the door left open so we could enjoy that fragrant, frigid rainy weather.
Yes, yes, and yes. I just need an audio file of the song being performed (thankfully, you and Mr. Jaunty are super-musically inclined) and then I can mimic it and copy it enough to be able to warble out a performance next year. This is a plan! I must warn you that I tried to sing The Eagles' "One of These Nights," on the drive home tonight, and my falsetto isn't quite what it used to be.


Basic Functions: these functions use metric values in their calculation. Examples of this would be Average, Gain/Loss, Median, Mode, Sum, Moving Average. You can learn more about these metrics and how they're calculated in the help center.
For example, Gain/Loss will calculate the difference between the current period value and the previous period value for any metric. This function is used throughout cash flow metrics in Malartu by taking the Gain/Loss of balance sheet items like Total Equity.
This is a basic function because it only takes into account the metric values. Advanced functions often take into account time in addition to metric values.
Advanced Functions often involve metric values and time as a factor. This means these functions will calculate differently depending on your display increment and display period.
A good example is DSO, which will calculate the number of Days Sales are Outstanding by dividing Accounts Receivable by Net Sales, then multiplying that factor by the number of days in your display period.
Similarly, if your display period was "Last Quarter," DSO will multiply AR/Net Sales by the number of days in that quarter.
Other functions like XIRR and NPV may include a start date. This means the amount of days elapsed from that start date will be incorporated in that calculation.
Including time as a factor in calculations can be an incredibly powerful tool, but it's important to remember that your display increment and period will affect the calculation.


text:
Professor Darrick Jolliffe BSc, MPhil, PhD
Professor of Criminology
Professor Darrick Jolliffe
d.jolliffe@gre.ac.uk
School of Law and Criminology
Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences
Darrick Jolliffe is a proud Canadian and Professor of Criminology at the University of Greenwich. He was educated at McMaster University Hamilton, Canada (Honour's BSc Psychology) and Cambridge (MPhil. PhD. Criminology) and has worked at London Metropolitan University, Leicester and the University of Greenwich. Darrick Jolliffe's main areas of expertise are conducting evaluations research in the criminal justice system and related areas. This has included leading the first evaluation of the London Pathway Project, an NHS initiative to manage those with severe personality disorders in the community and in custody. Darrick has recently been commissioned to undertake a new evaluation of the operation of the London Pathway Project by four NHS Trusts. In his role as Trustee for the Association of Panel Members Professor Jolliffe is working to establish a diversionary intervention in Harringay to reduce the number of young black men being officially processed through the justice system. He is also currently working with Ipswich and Suffolk Council for Racial Equality in ten prisons to examine the disproportional treatment of BAME prisoners and to evaluate approaches to reduce such disproportionality. Similarly, Darrick is working with the Zahid Mubarak Trust to evaluate their Equality Advocate Programme in HMP Feltham and Wormwood Scrubs. Professor Jolliffe has published a number of high-quality evaluations on RCTs and QEDs and this includes developing the methodological approach used for the Social Impact Bond payment-by-results used by the Ministry of Justice and Social Finance. Various national and international agencies (Equality and Human Rights Commission, Ministry of Justice, Home Office, Independent Advisory Panel on Deaths in Custody, NHS, Scottish Risk Management Authority, East Midlands Probation, London Probation Trust, the Swedish National Council on Crime Prevention, National Police Improvement Agency and the Ministry of Justice in Chile) have commissioned Professor Jolliffe to undertake evaluations research. Professor Jolliffe was appointed to the Expert Panel of the £200 million Youth Endowment Fund and is co-Director of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development.
Responsibilities within the university
Research Lead for Centre for Criminology
Module Leader Psychology, Development and Crime
Associate Editor for the Journal of Development and Life Course Criminology
Editorial Board for Victims and Offenders: An International Journal of Evidence-Based Research, Policy, and Practice
Outreach Committee Lead - Developmental Life-Course Criminology Section of American Society of Criminology
Social Secretary - Developmental Life-Course Criminology Section of American Society of Criminology
MOPAC Academic Advisory Lead
Darrick is interested in the broad areas of developmental life-course criminology, programme evaluation, prison research and psychology, individual differences and offending. He has active streams of research in all of these areas, but the intersection between these areas will prove fruitful in future. For example, by combining life-course criminology and prison research he believes that a much more complete understanding of self-harm and self-inflicted deaths could be developed, essentially developing a picture of an individual's custodial career.
Improve Disproportionality in Use of Force Incidents for Black and Muslim Prisoners in Custody Through Self-Development: This grant involves developing, implementing and evaluating an intervention for Black and Muslim men in prison. Our implementation partners for this work are Ipswich and Suffolk Council on Racial Equality. This work is predominantly based at HMP Wandsworth and HMP ISIS.
Evaluating the Impact of Race Equality Training: This grant, with colleagues from The Runneymede Trust involved assessing knowledge and confidence acquisition amongst those who attended an equality training programme delivered by Race on the Agenda (ROTA). This was funded by the Equality and Human Rights Commission.
Maintaining and Improving Wellbeing in Immigration Removal: This funding was to examine the impact of a wellbeing intervention delivered in a female immigration removal centre, and was funded by the NHS.
Key funded projects
Professor Jolliffe has been Principal Investigator for these grants:
Research and Analytic Support for the Independent Advisory Panel on Deaths in Custody: This grant (with The Runnymede Trust) involved a number of discreet research projects (see reports) to provide support to the Independent Advisory Panel on Deaths in Custody (IAP). Our research for the IAP resulted in us being mentioned in the House of Commons, high profile official reports and our work being included in the Harris Review of Self-Inflicted Deaths in Custody for 18-25 year olds.
Evaluation of the London Pathway Partnership Service: This grant (with the University of Nottingham and Get the Data) involved an evaluation of the London Pathway Partnership, an innovative approach to addressing the risks and needs of offenders with severe personality disorders. Various aspects of this evaluation have been submitted to a special issue of Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health.
Improving Outcomes for BAME Prisoners to Improve Equality, Safety and Decency within Prisons: This grant involved developing, implementing and evaluating an initiative to reduce negative outcomes in prison (segregation, no employment/education, use of force, loss of privileges) amongst Black Asian and Minority ethnic men. Our implementation partners for this work were Ipswich and Suffolk Council on Racial Equality and our research partners were the Runnymede Trust. This research has been presented in Canada and will be presented at the 2017 American Society of Criminology Meeting.
Jolliffe, D., Cattell, J., Raza, A. & Minoudis, P. (2017). Factors associated with progression on the London Pathway project. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 27, 222-237.
Jolliffe, D., Cattell, J., Raza, A. & Minoudis, P. (2017). Evaluating the impact of the London Pathway Project. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 27, 238-253.
Jolliffe, D. & Farrington, D. P. (2017). Special issue on systematic reviews in criminology, Aggression and Violent Behavior, 33, 1-3.
Jolliffe, D., Farrington, D. P., Piquero, A. R., MacLeod, J. F., & Van de Weijer, S. (2017). Prevalence of life-course-persistent, adolescence-limited, and late-onset offenders: A systematic review of prospective longitudinal studies. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 33, 4-14,
Jolliffe, D., Farrington, D. P., Piquero, A. R., Loeber, R. & Hill K. G. (2017). Systematic review of early risk factors for life-course-persistent, adolescence-limited, and late-onset offenders in prospective longitudinal studies. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 33, 15 – 23.
Herrera-López, M., Gómez-Ortiz, O., Ortega-Ruiz, R., Jolliffe, D., Romera, E M., (2017). A Cross-Sectional Study into the relationship between the factors of empathy and social and normative adjustment in Spanish Adolescents. BMJ Open (in press).
Beckley, A.L., Wientraub, J. & Jolliffe, D. (2017). Science communication for criminologists. The Criminologist, 42, 5 – 7.
Jolliffe, D., Farrington, D. P., Piquero, A. R., Macleod, J. F. & van de Weijer, S. (2017). Prevalence of Life-Course-Persistent, Adolescence-limited, and Late-Onset Offenders: A Systematic Review of Prospective Longitudinal Studies. Aggression and Violent Behavior. (In press).
Jolliffe, D., Farrington, D.P., Piquero, A.R. Loeber, R. & Hill, K G. (2017). Systematic Review of Early Risk Factors for Life-Course-Persistent, Adolescence-limited, and Late-Onset Offenders in Prospective Longitudinal Studies. Aggression and Violent Behavior (in press).
Jolliffe, D., Farrington, D. P., Piquero, A. R. (2016). More research is needed on life-course-persistent offenders! The DLC Criminologist, 4(2), 15-19.
Villadangos, M. Errasti, J., Amigo, I., Jolliffe, D., Garcia-Cueto, E. (2016). Characteristics of Empathy in young people measured by the Spanish validation of the Basic Empathy Scale. Psicothema. 28, 323-329.
Jolliffe, D & Hedderman, C. (2015). Investigating the impact of custody on reoffending using propensity score matching. Crime and Delinquency, 61, 1051 – 1077.
Sanchez-Perez, N., Fuentes, L. J., Jolliffe, D. & Gonzales-Salinas, C. (2015). Assessing children's empathy through a Spanish adaptation of the basic empathy scale: parent's and child's report forms. Frontiers in Psychology, Vol 5, 1438 – 1453.
Anastácio, S., Vagos, P., Nobre-Lima, L., Rijo, D. & Jolliffe, D. (2016) The Portuguese version of the Basic Empathy Scale: dimensionality and invariance in a community adolescent sample. European Journal of Developmental Psychology. 13, 614 – 623.
Jolliffe, D., Farrington, D. P., Loeber, R & Pardini, D. (2016). Protective Factors for violence using the Pittsburgh Youth Study. Journal of Criminal Justice, 45, 32 – 40.
Davis, J.P., Maigut, A.C., Jolliffe, D., Gibson, S.J., Solomon, C.J. Holistic Facial Composite Creation and Subsequent Video Line-up Eyewitness Identification Paradigm. J. Vis. Exp. (106), e53298, doi:10.3791/53298 (2015).
Hedderman, C. & Jolliffe, D. (2015). The impact of prison on women: paying the price for wrong decisions. Victims and Offenders, 10, 152-178.
Jolliffe, D. & Hedderman, C. (2014). Peterborough Social Impact Bond: Final Report on Cohort 1 Analysis. Research Report, London: Ministry of Justice. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_ data/file/341684/peterborough-social-impact-bond-report.pdf
Jolliffe, D., Haque, Z, Fiddler, M. & Harvey, J. (2015). Understanding and Preventing Self-Inflicted Deaths of those 18 – 24. Official Report for the Harris Review http://iapdeathsincustody.independent.gov.uk/harris-review/harris-review-research-2.
Jolliffe, D. (2014). Assessment, Care in Custody and Teamwork (ACCT) Review. Independent Advisory Panel on Deaths in Custody. http://iapdeathsincustody.independent.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/ACCT-IAP-Evaluation-July-2014-a.doc.
Darrick has recently delivered a number of Plenary Talks
Get the Data (London December 2017)
Measuring the Quality of the Relationship between Probation Officers and Those on Probation.
Project Oracle Evidence Champion (City Hall - multiple dates)
Introduction to Practical Evaluation
Finding the Middle Ground: Balancing the Academic Ideal with Reality in Impact Evaluations.
'Factors Associated with Death in Custody in England and Wales' & 'Improving Outcomes for BAME Prisoners to Improve Equality, Safety and Decency in Prison' Western University, London, Canada (5/10/2016).
'What Works to Reduce the Violence of Domestic Violence Perpetrators?' Lessons Learned: Effective Commissioning for Domestic Abuse Services (Cordis Bright/Hestia/Standing Together (12/05/2016).
'The Undesirable Effects of Juvenile Court Processing: Early Prevention is Better' Danish National Council for Crime Prevention at the Danish National Parliament (29/04/2016).
'Paying the Price for Wrong Decisions' Women and the Criminal Justice System - Past, Present and Future (ESRC/Palgrave Macmillan 15/04/2016).
'Investigating Empathy and Its Proposed Relation to Offending' Institute of Criminology, Cambridge University (21/01/2016).
'Violence Across the Life-Course: Implications for Preventing and Reducing Violence Against Women'. Ministry of Justice Estonia (13/10/2015).
'What Prevents Gang Involvement: What the Academic Evidence Tells us' Early Intervention Foundation/Cordis Bright (29/04/15).
'Criminal Careers of Life-Course Persistent, Adolescence-Limited and Late-Onset Offenders: A Rapid Evidence Assessment' Ministry of Justice, UK (04/06/2014).
'Social Impact Bonds for Social Improvement: The Challenge of Measuring Success' United Way Canada/Mowat NFP/University of Toronto (28/08/2013).


A massive thank you for all the work love and attention you have put into Imy. We have watched him mature and flourish whilst in your care. I know he will miss each and every one of you and we have already had tears. Carry on with the good work and once again thank you.
Thank you all so much for giving Maisie such a positive experience at pre-school. She settled so well and made fab progress thanks to you all. I was continually surprised by how you went above and beyond for the children and the creative activities you organise are fab. The staff all take such an interest in the children and are very kind. Maisie speaks highly of everyone, especially of course Verity (key worker) who has such a relaxed and friendly way whish really puts the children at ease. Thank you.
A very big thank you for all your support over the past 4 years, feels like the end of a very happy era. George and Beatrice have been so happy with you and thanks for all your positive encouragement, its given then a great start! All the best with everything.
Thank you very much for playing trains and cars with me - a lot!!! Thank you for taking the time to show me the toilet - Ill get it soon!!! Thankyou for repeating words and sounds to me it has really helped. Thanks for being lots of fun! I will miss you.
A huge thankyou for everything over the last 3 years. You've all helped both my girls prepare for the big step to school, through amazing hard work and lots of play! They've both really enjoyed their time at preschool and we will miss you all.
We really appreciate the caring and fun environment you provide here. Molly has really enjoyed coming and her confidence has grown. You have really helped her to feel ready to go to school.
It will be very emotional today coming into preschool for the final time, after bringing in my children for the last 4 years. You've all had a fantastic impact on their young lives and we really appreciate all your care, passion and hard work. We will miss you all.
My daughter loves it here. Staff are amazing and I love seeing what she has learnt.


During the summer break in August 2014 we held two more of our All-Day Pastel Workshops at our Ware venue at Leaside Church Hall. It was good to see that one of the members of our Stotfold group who came to the last Pastel Workshop once again ventured to our Ware venue. The subject for this workshop was Bright Birds in Pastel.
Everyone brought along pictures of a wide variety of bright birds from Love Birds through to Lilac Breasted Rollers. We used pastel paper in three colours – red, royal blue and thyme.
On both days Anne started the workshop with a discussion and small demonstration of how to use the various types of pastels available. There was also a chat about painting in pastel in general. Anne then went on to show how she lightly draws out the subject with a pastel pencil. Then it was time for her to start to "paint". On Tuesday her demonstration piece was a flying parrot and on Saturday a parrot sitting on a branch.
After a welcome cup of coffee, everyone settled themselves down and began to think about their own painting, choosing the colour of paper they wanted and thinking about how to draw out the birds. During the day most people completed a couple of different paintings some of which can be seen in this gallery. It has to be said that the standard of work on both days was excellent with some beautiful birds being painted.


An 80s Landmark: Ex-Depeche Mode Member Vince Clarke and Vocalist Alison Moyet Create Synthpop Classic The 1980s will forever be remembered for electropop sensations, yet few, if any, are quite as sensational as Yazoo's Upstairs at Eric's. A standard-setting mélange of smoky blues singing, jazzy arrangements, disco-tinged beats, and dancefloor vibes, the smash debut fits equally as well at a late-night club as it does in a living room, where the record's complexity and exoticism takes listeners hostage. No wonder the 1982 landmark remains one of the decade's most essential albums.
This numbered limited edition Silver Label LP breathes with a decongested openness, textural richness, and tonal palette never before experienced on previous analog or digital editions. Alison Moyet's inimitable vocals, such a huge part of the record's appeal, are dramatically enhanced, her sensual timbre, bittersweet crooning, and knockout range now encompassing the full frequency spectrum and projecting outward in a way that traverses the flatness of the original pressings.


The Rein in Sarcoma Patient and Family Support Committee is hosting a Fall Gathering, "Rein in Sarcoma Remembers," for family and friends who've lost a loved one to sarcoma. The evening will include time to connect with others who have experienced a similar loss. See the event pdf.
Thursday, November 30th, 2017 6:00 – 9:00 p.m.
We're aware that sarcoma strongly affects caregivers and the loved ones of sarcoma patients and we're hoping to bring encouragement and support to anyone who is grieving. Everyone who's lost a loved one to sarcoma has a unique story and this is the place to safely share your memories and experiences with others. We will be making a fun keepsake art project in memory of our loved ones.
The evening will be both encouraging and uplifting and include social time with appetizers from Marino's Deli, a presentation from Allie DeCamillis of Gilda's Club, table discussions, guitar music and a keepsake art project which will be led by a local artist. We hope you can join us!


text:
Bring on the anti-gravity backpacks
Evan Cantor Oct. 27, 2003 From the print edition
Gail Binkly's memories of hiking in the "good old days" (for her, the 1980s) ring a lot of bells (HCN, 8/4/03: When did we become such gear-toting wimps?). But does she really prefer those heavy boots made of solid rock and worn jeans that stayed wet for three days after a downpour? How she got 20 years of use from a cheap dome tent is truly a marvel, but she has forgotten what a new-gear revelation it was when she bought it. If she had slept in a tube tent and then an A-frame in the early '70s, she might not think the dome such an ancient stalwart. Of course, all John Muir had was a tall Sierra tree and a blanket to sleep under. Now there's "good old days" for you.
She conjures up the spirit of Edward Abbey, who must be doing cartwheels in his grave to think that he has become the outdoors standard-bearer against which everybody must compare. I don't think it would have mattered much to Abbey whether or not he tramped around in jeans and heavy boots or nylon convertibles and all-terrain hiking shoes. Despite a published opinion on mechanical gadgets separating a "man from the world around him," he depended on them just like the rest of us. An internal combustion engine got him to the trailhead, cameras took his photographs, bridles and other devices kept him firmly atop any horse and a stove kept his trailer warm in the winter, without which there would have been no Desert Solitaire.
Like Binkly, I too have had "some of the richest times of my life with some of the cheapest equipment," but I was once younger than today. I still take my Luddite soul and middle-aged body backpacking. As I ponder the crowds and the ongoing challenge of locating solitude in the wild, that aging body appreciates better boots, dry pants, secure shelter, pure water that doesn't make it sick, Thermarest pads and Crazy Creek chairs. I was once a trail-head Ned-Ludd purist sitting atop my own high horse, but, to paraphrase another acerbic American cynic, the times they are still a-changin'. I hope that when I'm finally in my dotage, there are still wild places to visit and anti-gravity backpacks to strap onto my faltering frame.
Evan Cantor


Carnage is one of those characters that got too zany and crazy for his own good. Besides his origin in the pages of Amazing Spider-Man #361-363 where we learn he had dramatic childhood and "Maximum Carnage" where we see him try to create a family he never really had (let alone one he could control), all of Carnage's stories became about killing just to kill. Brian Michael Bendis and Marvel finally understood they couldn't get anymore good stories out of the character, so they used him to show-off the power of the Sentry in the New Avengers first arc, "Breakout." Sentry takes Carnage up into space and rips him apart, effectively killing Carnage...or so we thought.
Carnage consisted of two parts. He was one part the human host Cletus Kasady (a serial killer) and one part the spawn of Eddie Brock's Venom alien symbiote. When Sentry ripped Carnage apart readers thought that was the end of the red killer (both man and alien), but Zeb Wells and Clayton Crain's new mini series Carnage bring the once fan favorite villain back into the spotlight.
For me, Crain's art alone brings credibility to a character lacking it. His at has a dark textured feel to it which sets the tone for the stories Crain helps tell. His art allows Wells to tell a story that immediately lets readers know that this story is serious and not some flashy tale of goofy destruction. Crain's work is very unique and acts as the perfect change of pace the Carnage character needs. The comic of the day is a very brief set-up of what will be happening in the mini-series, but because of Crain's art I enjoyed Carnage #1 thoroughly.


The Omitir Art. 110 leather sling bag is the latest iteration of their shoulder bag and has been constructed with eight panels from a single butter soft cowhide with a hand dyed matte black finish. Fully lined in a black cotton, the bag features a YKK excella zipper closure to the main compartment with an adjustable strap that is complimented by individually hammered .925 sterling silver buckles.


text:
Former Head Of Wyoming Comm. Center Accused Of Stealing $2 Mil.
Doug Randall Published: September 13, 2022
Canva/Sweetwater County Sheriff's Office
The former executive director of the Young at Heart Community Center in Rock Springs has been arrested for allegedly embezzling over $2 million dollars from the center's daycare facility.
That's according to a Tuesday news release from the Sweetwater County Sheriff's Office. According to the release, a months-long investigation found that Candace Rachelle Morris stole $2.3 million from the facility during her time as executive director of Young At Heart. That period ran from 2016 until earlier this year.
The money was allegedly stolen from daycare tuition funds and federal COVID-related grants. It was deposited into a personal bank account registered to a fake shell corporation, The Early Learning Center LLC. Investigators say she used the money to pay for large home improvements, luxury cars, jewelry, and international vacations.
In late June of this year, Morris suddenly resigned from the Sweetwater County School District #2 Board of Trustees. A few days later, on Friday, July 1, 2022, she was fired for cause by Young at Heart. On July 6 the community center filed a formal complaint against Morris in Third District Court, launching separate criminal and civil investigations, according to the release.
The sheriff's office says she was arrested this morning [Sept. 13] without incident. at last report, she was being held without bond at the Sweetwater County Detention Center on multiple counts of felony theft, attempted theft, and forgery. If convicted on all counts and sentenced to consecutive [as opposed to concurrent] prison terms, she could face up to 50 years in prison, according to the release.
The release quotes lead investigator on the case, Detective Sergeant Michelle Hall as saying, "This is a complicated case that required a painstaking, line-item analysis of years of detailed financial data. It was critically important that we didn't rush to judgment, that we really took our time, and exercised our due diligence in order present prosecutors with the strongest criminal case possible."
See Inside Broncos QB Russell Wilson's $28 Million Dollar Mansion
Filed Under: rock springs, Sweetwater County Sheriff's Office, Young At Heart Community Center
Categories: Articles, News, Wyoming News
1 Killed, 2 Injured After Semi Plows Into Pickup on I-80 in Wyoming
Police Seeking Information On Quartet In Wyoming Walmart Crime
Motorist Sought In Hit-And-Run That Caused Wyoming Power Outage
Wyoming Police Department Asking For Help In Identifying Vehicle
UPDATE: Missing Wyoming Runaway Found Safe
Wyoming Man Arrested Following Overdose Death Of Toddler Son
Police Looking For Suspects In Wyoming Laundry Theft
Trio Of Wyoming Men Sentenced To Prison In Pipe Bomb Case
Wyoming Sheriff's Office To Auction Off Cars Next Week


Southwest Florida's oldest sailing club, the Cape Coral Sailing Club, celebrated its 35th anniversary this summer and enters the fall season intent on keeping its social image intact.
Unlike the other clubs that focus on competitive racing, the sailing club remains content to sail strictly for enjoyment and bring a social aspect into membership activities.
"Our main objective is strictly to have fun and share boating experiences," club cruising captain Bill Thompson says.


APTS is listed as recommended law firm in Dispute Resolution, Corporate/M&A, Insolvency/Restructuring and Transportation (Aviation) in this year's edition of Chambers Europe.
APTS will be represented by partner João Marques de Almeida at the annual meeting of European Air Law Association (EALA), to be held in Warsaw, between 3 and 4 of November.
Trainee lawyer Rita Martins da Silva joined APTS' team.
APTS will be represented by partner João Marques de Almeida at EALA Air Finance Legal Seminar, to be held in Copenhagen, between 2 and 3 of June.
APTS is listed as a Top-Tier firm in Transport in the 2016 edition of Legal 500. The firm is also recommended in the areas of Corporate/M&A, Insolvency/Restructuring, Employment, Dispute Resolution, TMT and Intellectual Property.
APTS is listed as recommended lawyers in Dispute Resolution and Corporate/M&A in this year's edition of Chambers Global.


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Launching a premium product in a category that doesn't buy premium.
How the launch of the new Quad® MAX established a whole new value prop for the OSI brand.


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Q: Azure function app, Powershell 7.2 dll module install I have this powershell script which works very well on my computer. I use the x64 and powershell 7.2.
The problem is when I publish the code to Azure, there is a module missing. The module is a .net System.Data.OleDb.
 ERROR: Exception calling "Open" with "0" argument(s): "The 'MSOLAP' provider is not registered on the local machine."

I have tried to add the .dll file to Module folder, that i created but function app doesn't load it for some reason.
Structure of the function app

*

*host.json

*local.settings.json

*powerbitablerefresh

*

*run.ps1

*function.json

*Modules

*

*Microsoft.AnalysisServices.AzureClient.dll

*profile.ps1

*requirements.psd1

*

*inside requirements I have:

'Az.Keyvault' = '4.*'
'Az.Accounts' = '2.*'
'Az.AnalysisServices' = '1.*'
'SqlServer' = '21.1.18256'

My question is, how do I install .dll on a function app?

A:
how do I install .dll on a function app?

You can install .dll files by following below workaround:

*

*Firstly, Login to Azure

*Then open your Function App

*Then Click on Advanced tools , then click on Go

*Then Click on Tools, Then click on Zip Push Depoly like below:

*

*Then Click on your function app

*Then click on bin folder and after it opens, drag your .dll file over there and then you can reference them in your function app:

A: The right answer is that add the .dll files to the C:\home\site\wwwroot\ and then in the powershell script run it like this
Add-Type -Path (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot "Microsoft.Identity.Client.dll")
Add-Type -Path (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot "Microsoft.AnalysisServices.AdomdClient.dll")

It will then create a connection

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


When things get tough, the suspicion that you've made some mistake to get off course likes to try and sneak in. Or worse yet, that you'll fail. But a little opposition or hardship doesn't necessarily mean that you're anywhere other than exactly where you're supposed to be. Neither does a lot.
As I worked on this image, I got to thinking about how some bugs burrow into the earth for shelter. I can't imagine they find it an easy task and they face any number of obstacles in addition to it. This, however, doesn't cause them to question whether or not they should do it and it doesn't stop them from trying. It's inside them to do it.
I like to think that, as human beings, we have a little more than instinct to go off of. Of course we know to eat, drink and seek shelter; these are the basics of survival. We don't stop there though. We dream and scheme and everything in between. We invent, we craft, we create. If God really did make us in His image and likeness (and I believe He did), then it's really no surprise at all that our traits extend beyond instinct into the realms of creativity and choice. Ever had a dream so big on the inside of you, it seemed impossible? How do you suppose it got there?
The problem is, it seems, that we all too quickly forget in our own lives that great reward almost always requires determination, diligence and perseverance. When we hear the stories of those we admire, those stories are wrought with hardship and adversity. If their journey had been easy, they wouldn't be remarkable enough to earn our admiration. When we've faced hardships along our own journey, we've given into those suspicions that we're wrong, that we'll fail, that we'll never arrive at our destination and forgotten the very stories that inspired us to set out in the first place.
Facing trials and hardships doesn't mean you're wrong. You may not see how you could possibly succeed but that doesn't mean you won't. The Bible even affords us the wisdom to not lean on our own understanding, but to acknowledge God. Why? Because nothing is impossible with Him. You don't have to understand how it will work. It's like Davy Crockett said, "Be sure you're right, then go ahead", not "Be sure you know how things will work out and everything will be okay". If you know deep down inside of you that what you're doing is right, you can be sure you're digging in the right direction.
God is Great! Thank you for this wonderful reminder to follow our dreams even though the road may be rough.
I thought—Even if I mess up or fall down, God is holding my hand, so how could I ever fail?—What a boost of confidence!
I really liked this article. I feel extremely blessed to be living when I am. There are so many different creative outlets available to the common person that are completely risk free and usually expense free.
Thanks Joey. You're exactly right. We have so much available to us, we're really without excuse for not trying things.
I have visited this site almost daily for months now. I am an avid fan of all things Disney (particularly the parks) and I have been amazed by the technique and creativity the three of you demonstrate in your work.
I was very pleasantly surprised to see you give such direct reference to God's work in our lives. Thank you for your boldness, it makes me appreciate this site all the more.
Thanks for visiting so regularly, Lance. We sure enjoy the parks and it's been a blessing to have a platform to share what inspires us all so much. It's also an honor to be able to share what God has done/is doing in us. God has blessed us and it wouldn't be right not to give Him credit and try to encourage others who are on this journey with us.
It's the message as much as the pictures that keeps drawing me back to your work.
Thank you, Kyle, that means a lot to us.


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For bedroom or closet room.
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Closet made from maple plywood with a Furniture Grade White finish.
Walk-in closet fabricated to fit space and made with Quality maple plywood and ful Extending drawers.
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Leigh Whannell Will Upgrade the ESCAPE FROM NEW YORK Remake
by Luke Y. Thompson
Feb 1 2019 • 3:40 PM
We Saw what they did there.
Multi-hyphenate writer-director-producer-actor Leigh Whannell, who just signed on to reinvent The Invisible Man for Blumhouse, has gotten the assignment to recreate a more recent icon of cinema: Snake Plissken. Assuming, of course, that a character by that name remains once he has written the screenplay for an Escape From New York remake. You'd think that might be a given, but per The Hollywood Reporter, one of Whannell's mandates is "to avoid the bloated tentpole remake path that afflicted the reboots of other 1980s-era movies such as Robocop and Total Recall."
This makes sense: from his origins as one of the co-creators of Saw to his recent forays into directing with Insidious: Chapter 3 and Upgrade, Whannell has been a creative force able to milk the most out of lower budgets, just as John Carpenter was and is. The original post-apocalyptic Escape From New York was made for $6 million in 1980. To the extent that we can judge Whannell as a director based on three features, he excels at implying larger worlds — like the Further in his two Insidious films, and a future dystopia in Upgrade — from simple-yet-distinctive sets.
Antihero Snake Plissken became one of three iconic characters Kurt Russell would play for Carpenter, along with The Thing's R.J. Macready and Big Trouble in Little China's Jack Burton. We've already seen a "premake" of The Thing with Mary Elizabeth Winstead as new protagonist Kate Lloyd, and there's talk of a Big Trouble in Little China sequel with Dwayne Johnson as not-Jack Burton, so that pattern might suggest a character not named Snake will venture into a walled-off future New York this time. One thing we do know is that Whannell generally pulls no punches, whether he's scaring us with Darth Maul demons or kicking butt in Upgrade. And that's the kind of scribe an antihero needs.
As to whether he'll direct, that's apparently still a possibility bit not part of the deal yet.
Image: AVCO Embassy Pictures
NO TIME TO DIE Brings on Musicians Billie Eilish and Hans Zimmer