Today is National signing day and a great day for Cooper Neese and his family. Cooper signed his National Letter of Intent to play Basketball for Butler in 2017 through 2021 at 2:34 PM. Clover Nation is extremely proud of him and his efforts!
Cooper has scored with a year left to play, 340 points more than the late Chad Tucker, a 1983 Cloverdale Grad and Indiana All-Star who while here put 1,338 points on the board for the Clovers. Of course, Chad went on to become a Butler Grad and while there Butler's All-Time leading scorer with 2,321 points. He was also a member of Butler's All 1980's Decade Team, a member of the 2008 Hall of Fame Silver Anniversary Team, and a 2013 Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame Inductee.
Neese has also scored, through his Junior year, 292 points more than 1968 Cloverdale Grad and Indiana All-Star, Rick Ford. Rick went on to play at Indiana University and was a member of the 1993 Hall of Fame Silver Anniversary Team.
Cooper has outscored his dad, Jerry Neese, a 1983 Cloverdale Grad, by 419 points. Jerry went on to play 2 years at Vincennes and then transferred to finish his career at the University of Indianapolis.
Neese is six points behind Cloverdale's All-time leading scorer, Chase Haltom, a 2005 Cloverdale Grad and Wabash College Guard for 4 years.
Finally, Cooper is only 120 points behind Putnam County's All-time leading scorer Jeff Blue, a 1960 Bainbridge Grad, an Indiana All-Star, and a 1965 Butler University Grad. Jeff was a member of Butler's 1960's All-Decade Team and a 1999 Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame Inductee.
Those that know Cooper would know he would probably not like such comparisons. He is truly a humble athlete. It should be noted here that not many (if any) athletes have played on Varsity as a Freshman like he has. Today's teams also play more games than teams did in the 60's and 80's but the fact remains, however, he is averaging 22.7 points per game through 74 games as a Clover (29.5 per game last year in 27 games). With, at the very least, 25 games on the schedule, it is not a stretch to consider the fact that he could end up landing a spot among the Top 10 in Career Scoring of All-time in Indiana History. (He would need to get to 2,344 points to break into the Top 10). We, as a school and community, have been blessed the last 3 years to have a player such as Cooper on and off the court.
Thank you Coop for representing your school and community in such a positive way and CONGRATULATIONS to you and your family!


Q. How can I get help editing a paper?
1. The schedule for English tutoring is also available online.
2. For all TCL students, live, online tutors are available through Smarthinking. Access your Blackboard account, then click on the Smarthinking link. Schedule an appointment, submit a question or essay at least 48 hours in advance, or contact a subject specific available tutor. For more information on submitting writing examples through Smarthinking, click here.
3. Through LearningExpress Library, all TCL students can practice their writing skills, receive a score, and view other resources in areas that will help them improve. View the Writing and Reading LibGuide to learn how to submit an essay and receive feedback.


TALLAHASSEE, Fla. – The Florida Department of Corrections (FDC) today announced a cost-saving agreement with Merck to treat inmates with certain chronic hepatitis c infection (HCV) throughout Florida's 50 correctional institutions.
"In order to reach the goal of eliminating chronic hepatitis C, we believe it is part of our responsibility to work with government, healthcare providers and the community as a whole to help break barriers and increase access to care for populations that may be disproportionately impacted by HCV," said John Schwind, executive director, Merck.
In November, Secretary Julie Jones, sent a letter to the leading pharmaceutical companies that make treatments for HCV, asking for innovative solutions and a partnership with Florida. Merck met with the Department and agreed to a multi-year agreement for the provision of one of their HCV drugs.
FDC is the third largest state correctional system in the United States. The Department has a constitutional mandate to provide health care for all inmates incarcerated, this includes preventative health services, dental, mental health treatment, hospital care, and treatment of chronic disease. FDC is committed to ensuring inmates receive appropriate medical and behavioral health care that is in line with evolving standards of care nationally.


By a ternary structure we mean an ordered pair $(X_0, T_0)$, where $X_0$ is a finite nonempty set and $T_0$ is a ternary relation on $X_0$. By the underlying graph of a ternary structure $(X_0, T_0)$ we mean the (undirected) graph $G$ with the properties that $X_0$ is its vertex set and distinct vertices $u$ and $v$ of $G$ are adjacent if and only if \[\lbrace x \in X_0\; T_0(u, x, v)\rbrace \cup \lbrace x \in X_0\; T_0(v, x, u)\rbrace = \lbrace u, v\rbrace .\] A ternary structure $(X_0, T_0)$ is said to be the B-structure of a connected graph $G$ if $X_0$ is the vertex set of $G$ and the following statement holds for all $u, x, y \in X_0$: $T_0(x, u, y)$ if and only if $u$ belongs to an induced $x-y$ path in $G$. It is clear that if a ternary structure $(X_0, T_0)$ is the B-structure of a connected graph $G$, then $G$ is the underlying graph of $(X_0, T_0)$. We will prove that there exists no sentence $\sigma $ of the first-order logic such that a ternary structure $(X_0, T_0)$ with a connected underlying graph $G$ is the B-structure of $G$ if and only if $(X_0, T_0)$ satisfies $\sigma $.


We are happy to share with you the most recent release of Thinfinity VirtualUI 2.5, a web-enabling SDK solution for Windows Application Developers, offering both instant GUI Virtualization and Full Web Integration for Windows apps.
Thinfinity VirtualUI instantly web-enables Windows Desktop applications written in popular Windows development environments and programming languages: .Net (WinForms/WPF), Delphi, Visual Basic 6.0, Visual Foxpro, Gupta, Visual C++, and others.
Developers who are looking to extend the life cycle of their application and convert Windows-based applications into multi-user, multi-instance web apps should take a look at it.
From Windows to web, in minutes: no need to rewrite your entire code.
Zero client setup: the resulting web application does not require any plugins, add-ons or additional installations on the client side.
Multi-user, multi-instance: the new web application can be accessed from multiple concurrent users, instancing one app per end-user.
Real integration capabilities: Windows applications can now be integrated with other web resources or applications, providing not only GUI remoting but also functional and data integration.
Web Component integration: fully integrates Web Components or services (like Google Maps, Digital Signature, native HTML5 Video, etc) with the Windows GUI.
Development Lab: the web environment lets developers see, test and interact with the Web-enabled Windows app and also work with the jsRO objects created in the application.
Dual-platform – Windows/Web: all applications can keep their standard desktop environment behavior, or be accessed remotely from any HTML5-compliant Web browser, in a multi-user, multi-instance fashion.
Enhanced end-user access schema: set anonymous or authenticated access with Windows Logon, OAuth/2 or RADIUS. Custom auth method using the Thinfinity Authentication API is also available.
File System and Registry Virtualization: create a secure, controlled and isolated environment for each end-user, mapping and/or exposing only relevant application folders and registry entries.
Support for multiple RDS sessions: increase the number of applications that can be run per server.
Session recording/playback: users can save application sessions and replay them later.
Ready to start? Check the product white paper for a tech insight and download the setup for a free 30-day trial.
Would you like to have a private demo to learn more about Thinfinity VirtualUI? Contact us to coordinate a quick product demonstration.


Search for all homes in Kihei and Maui Meadows. Vacant land will show up along with the houses. Search for condos separately. Residential condos will be included with houses. Listings will display by price, from low to high.
What's new at Outback Steak House?
Moana Estates offers mid price single family homes in a nice neighborhood.


winnie.e.poohGreat seller to deal with!
Same design for back and front. Worn once, will wash again before sale. Enquiries welcome!
Rtp: $20+ and I only wore it once!
Used few times only. Still in good condition. Price is negotiable. Anything can just whatsapp me 84066453/81368789.
Length 83cm Waist 66cm Only worn once, a little too small for me but still can fit. Good condition, fits M size.
This is so beautiful wedding gown that is custom order for my wedding ceremony in Japan. Original price is over $1000. I just used it only once. It's really good condition! There is only little dirt of the hem. I also provide you with free pannier.
Material - 100% polyester Pit to Pit - 18 inches Waist - 20 inches Hips - 22 inches Length - 35 inches Dress has NEVER been used. Fabric has no stretch. Dress is unlined and may be see through under bright lights. Back button closure.
Worn a few times. Condition still good. Skirt was altered and hemmed for height 154cm before due to length. Still touch the floor. Meet up only. Location can be discussed.


66fit UK are the leading internet supplier of the 66fit brand of physiotherapy, rehabilitation, and sports therapy equipment to the public and professional therapist. We have been supplying equipment for 11 years via our website.
If you are reading this, then there is an extremely high chance that either yourself - or someone you know is in some kind of pain. 66fit offers a wide range of therapy equipment that can help ease, relieve, assist or potentially cure their such like symptoms. We also have an extensive range of exercise equipment that is used in the home, gyms, pilates, yoga and for general health and exercise.
Our extensive range of products include the fantastic new 66fit range of equipment that includes back, lumbar supports and cushions, knee, arm and leg supports, orthopaedic pillows, TENS Machines, exercise balls and bands, wobble boards, blood pressure monitors, plus many more items available. All of the products that we supply are used and recommended by physio's, professional, occupational sports therapists.


text:
Travel » Literature
Cape to Cape
A 1,250 mile backpacking walk from Cornwall to Cape Wrath
`I was very grateful for today's near perfect visibility and, despite the late hour, just had to sit down to take it all in.' On a late April morning, lover of landscapes and professional geologist John Sutcliffe, approaching his 70th birthday, sets out on a backpacking trek from Cape Cornwall in South West England to Cape Wrath on the north-westerly tip of Scotland: a breathtaking 1,250-mile-long walk.
Starting out along the sea cliffs of Cornwall and heading inland across the remote moor country of Dartmoor, Exmoor and the marshy Somerset Levels, John crosses into Wales and follows the delightful Welsh border to Shropshire. Continuing into the limestone dales of Derbyshire, he then treads the Pennine Way for 250 miles to the Scottish Borders, often sharing his campsite with the creatures of the night, facing unforeseen challenges and making new friends along the way. After traversing the Southern Uplands of Scotland and the Pentland Hills - hidden gems that many walkers overlook - he then follows the West Highland Way to Fort William where he clocks up 1,000 miles and takes a brief pause for his mother's 100th birthday.
Celebrations over, he sets out across the rugged and wonderfully remote North West Highlands of Ardgour, Knoydart, Torridon and Sutherland, exploring the bothy network along the Cape Wrath Trail and pitting himself against the elements with the onset of Hurricane Bertha.
Whether wild camping with curlews or indulging in the occasional hot-shower luxury of a guest house en route, John furnishes his story with details of the cultural and political heritage and the geology underpinning the stunning landscapes encountered on his journey. Cape to Cape is an inspiring story of one man's celebration of the diverse British countryside.
Cordee Code: CNC128
Author: John Sutcliffe
Publisher: Vertebrate Publishing #2
Edition: 1st, May 2018
Binding: Paperback (flapped)
Illustrations: bespoke maps & colour photos
Guide to walking the summits of GB's 85 historic counties
CWG319
I May be Gone for Some Time
One man's story of his 5000 mile trek around the British...
CNM127

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Do you love your cellphone? Even when it screws up, you probably still do. Here are 14 things you probably don't know about it.
If your cellphone is 3G, then it uses a technology originally developed by the U.S. military to transmit and receive signals so low in power that they're nearly indistinguishable from noise. That's one of the reasons 3G works at longer ranges than 2G.
Do you use an iPhone? Ever wondered where the antenna is? Look no further than the metallic ring around the camera, which handles the phone's 3G, WiFi, and Bluetooth communications.
Ever wondered where the iPhone's antenna is?
Most phones are built to be water-resistant, since they spend a lot of time around sweat (your hands and face produce a lot of it). Full submersion is, of course, not recommended.
Nearly 20% of the cost and 30% of the weight of your phone is the battery, which contains its own microcomputer and memory to control charging and discharging.
AT&T and T-Mobile use the same communications standard, so a phone for one network will work with the other given the right settings. But that's not true of Sprint and Verizon, because the standard used on those networks requires a special passcode only accessible by hacking the phone (not recommended!).
On that note, you can take your AT&T or T-Mobile phone to Europe or Africa or Asia and it will work (assuming you pay the carrier) since those countries all use the same GSM communications standard.
Cellular towers are usually installed on tall structures like water towers, radio towers, light or telephone poles. If you're having trouble getting a decent phone signal, try to move towards one of these structures.
Ever noticed the QualComm logo on the back of your 3G phone? QualComm licenses the CDMA technology referred to in #1, and is essentially to cellular phones what Intel is to computers (right down to the 'QualComm Inside'-like mark on every 3G handset).
WiFi and Bluetooth occupy the same frequency band, so your phone can only transmit or receive one at a time. Using both at the same time makes both of them a little bit slower because your phone is only operating one at a time.
Your phone doesn't necessarily get the best reception near a window: cell phone signals pass through walls almost as well as they pass through glass. The best signal is actually at the corner of a building closest to the cell tower – or outside.
There are two types of touchscreens: resistive and capacitive. Resistive screens operate by sensing your finger's heat and don't work when the ambient temperature is cold – and most of the United States is pretty cold most of the year, so almost all cell phones use capacitive touchscreens instead.
Major roadway tunnels (like the famous Sepulveda Blvd. tunnel under LAX) usually have cellular repeaters, so try one of those if you really need some signal.
Your cell phone's download speed depends a lot on how fast you're physically moving. If you're surfing the internet while riding in a car traveling at 60 mph, your connection speed will be about 1/3 of what it would be if you were standing still.
If your phone gets stolen, you can only wipe it when it's on and connected to a network. So if the thief is smart, he'll reprogram your phone in a shielded room, and ultimately end up accessing all of your passwords and contacts. The best advice for avoiding this situation is not to keep sensitive information on your phone, and, well, not to let your phone get stolen in the first place.
The cell phone that ends up in your hands is the result of enormous effort from hundreds of thousands of people across the planet; hope this list has given you more appreciation for the little device you spend a lot of time with. Now go forth and be merry with your magical phone.


One day after the Yankees pulled off a deal to acquire closer Zach Britton, the Red Sox were able to upgrade their rotation by trading for former Yankee Nathan Eovaldi. Red Sox President of Baseball Operations Dave Dombrowski made the announcement. .
Eovaldi, who was 23-11 in two season with the Bombers (2015-2016), is currently 3-4 with a 4.26 ERA with a 0.98 WHIP in 10 starts for the Rays this season, striking out 53 batters and walking only eight.
Eovaldi, who is just 28 years old, was scratched from his scheduled start today against the Yankees.
The hard-throwing righty, who's 2016 season with the Yankees was cut short due to the second Tommy John surgery of his career, has spent seven seasons in the big leagues, compiling a 41-50 record with a 4.22 ERA.
Eovaldi missed the entire 2017 season recovering from surgery, having also undergone the procedure as a junior in high school on May 27, 2007.
The Rays received lefty pitcher Jalen Beeks in the deal. Beeks, 25, made the first two major league appearances of his career this season, allowing nine runs on 11 hits in 6.1 innings (12.79 ERA) over one start and one relief outing. He is also 5-5 with a 2.89 ERA (28 ER/87.1 IP), 117 strikeouts, and a .215 opponent batting average in 16 starts for Triple-A Pawtucket this season. Selected by Boston in the 12th round of the 2014 June Draft, Beeks is 34-28 with a 3.63 ERA (208 ER/515.2 IP) in 96 career minor league appearances (94 starts).


I walked in and Heidi assisted me right away. What really appreciated was she didn't try to automatically sell me something I didn't need. She asked me what brought me there and LISTENED TO ME!! She showed me two possible selections on the computer then she walked me thru and showed me available selections. I was very satisfied!!! THANKS HEIDI!!!


Wonderful brick home. Lovely well kept. Cute as a button. Clean and recently renovated. This little charmer would be perfect for a first time home owner or someone looking to downsize. Very convenient to bus lines and downtown. Convenient to medical and to shopping. Convenient to shopping. . Renovated and ready for new owners to make it their home.
Take Wrightsboro Road to Jordan Road. Jordan Road to Arch Drive. Arch to Dade. House on the corner.
1524 Dade Street is a 972 (*estimated) square foot home with 3 bedrooms and 1 bathrooms located in Augusta GA, RICHMOND County. This property is listed for sale at $64,900 and is currently active and accepting offers.


Just publish the widget wherever needed in a single view. It works great with Site Origin Panels plugin to create full layouts.
Follow usage instructions, just plublish the Constructor for SiteOgrigin Widget and set its options.
Do this plugin work without SiteOrigin Page builder, let's say in a asimple/normal sidebar?
Yes, it is intended to construct/build posts with SiteOrigin PageBuilder, but ill also show widget meta if it is published in a single view sidebar.
Found this plugin easy to use for constructing custom templates within SiteOrigin Builder. No overkill on features. Thanks!
"Constructor for SiteOrigin" is open source software. The following people have contributed to this plugin.
Translate "Constructor for SiteOrigin" into your language.


Cast: Mahtab Keramati, Farhad Aslani, Sima Tirandaz, Babak Ansari, Mohammad Mahdi Ahadi, Erfan Barzin, Sara Mirayi.
Moloud and Hashem for keeping of their ill son(Ehsan) have argument, Hashem against willing of Moloud sent their son to sanatorium and Moloud make enormous crisis till Hashem decided to divorce her, with passing of time and Moloud insist to keep her child, Hashem wants remarriage but second wife give negative answer to Hashem because she has fear of ill child too.
Hashem doesn't have good mental situation and he reach to the point to lose his job, for abandon Ehsan he looks for someone to kidnap his son and give him to sanatorium but somethings happen.


text:
Species & habitats
The heart of our mission
The world's species and habitats are under more severe pressure than at any time in human history. Over 10,000 tree species are threatened with extinction, as are almost 8,000 species of bird, mammal, reptile, amphibian and fish. The number one contributor to this alarming state of affairs is habitat loss, all of it driven by human activities, but the problem is compounded by unsustainable exploitation in all its forms. This collective mismanagement of our planet's resources is leading to widespread declines in biodiversity and driving increasing numbers of species to the brink.
The ultimate objective of Fauna & Flora International (FFI), reflected in our mission statement, is to safeguard the long-term future of the world's threatened species and the habitats on which they depend for survival. We firmly believe that partnership and collaboration hold the key to success, and we work with governments, businesses, investors, in-country partners and communities to achieve our conservation goals.
Lifeline for leatherbacks? Nesting turtles return to Nicaragua
New primate species discovered as Myanmar monkey mystery unravels
Earthshot: FFI partners with Prince William in global quest to save the planet
Already know what you're looking for? Delve into the detail...
Protecting vital habitats
Saving threatened species
Safeguarding our seas
Combating illegal wildlife trade
Global Trees Campaign
FFI uses a range of approaches to protect vital habitats and address the root causes of habitat loss, dictated by the individual circumstances at each particular site. This could involve, for example, support for sustainable forms of small-scale land use, help in securing community rights over an area of forest, protection of an isolated limestone peak threatened by quarrying, or removal of invasive species to safeguard a floral landscape. In addition to supporting the effective management of existing protected areas, we also ensure that critical new areas of habitat are brought under conservation management.
Landscape-level intervention
In the case of large expanses of habitat, direct intervention to secure the land permanently may be the most effective – sometimes the only – means of securing its future. Through our Halcyon Land & Sea initiative (which was co-founded with Arcadia – a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin – and later joined by Hugh Sloane) FFI has safeguarded – and, crucially, entrusted to local custodianship – some 9.5 million hectares of species-rich habitat that was in imminent danger of destruction. The initiative has also contributed to the conservation of nearly 56 million hectares of habitat, an area almost the size of Kenya.
Global marine ecosystems provide around one billion people with their main source of protein and contribute an estimated US$3 trillion per year in economic goods and services, but this vital resource faces unprecedented threats in the shape of overfishing, coastal and offshore habitat destruction, widespread pollution and increased disturbance.
FFI has been instrumental in the designation of new marine protected areas – and in improving the management of existing ones – in order to safeguard marine species, habitats and livelihoods, but we also focus on other aspects of marine conservation that are crucial to the sustainable management of our oceans. In particular, we are addressing the wider threats by promoting responsible business practice and more enlightened marine policy.
We are renowned for our imaginative approach to protecting endangered species and FFI has an impressive track record of success in safeguarding a broad spectrum of endangered wildlife, ranging from the popular predators, primates and pachyderms – Sumatran tigers, mountain gorillas, Asian elephants and African rhinos – to obscure and otherwise neglected species such as the Antiguan racer, Siamese crocodile, Sombrero ground lizard and Hon Chong ghost snail.
In 2016, with support from Michel and Charlene de Carvalho-Heineken, FFI established a new Species Fund, which aims to restore key populations of some of the planet's most critically endangered species such as the Siamese crocodile within a 20-year timeframe.
Neglected trees
As our name implies, FFI doesn't focus only on endangered fauna. We are equally concerned with protecting threatened plant and tree species. Launched in 1999, the Global Trees Campaign was the first, and is still the only, international programme dedicated to safeguarding the world's 10,000 plus threatened tree species. Over 1,900 of these are at imminent risk of extinction, including household names such as magnolias and monkey puzzles.
The growing demand for wildlife products, combined with easier access to target species and improved global connections, is contributing to rapid population declines in some of the world's most iconic species, including elephants, rhinos and tigers, but it is also decimating many other, less familiar species – including trees that are highly prized for their timber, for example – pushing them dangerously close to extinction. Tackling illegal wildlife trade is, therefore, a central part of our work to safeguard threatened species.
Learn more about some of the key species we work with
Sumatran tiger
Grandidier's baobab
Grauer's gorilla
Sunda pangolin
Antiguan racer
Sound science forms the bedrock of all our conservation interventions. Find out how we monitor our impact, share lessons learned and build science and innovation into the core of our work.
Learn more about our approach to partnership and collaboration, and why we believe this is the only long-term way to conserve our planet.


A lot of people still seem to be posting on the Facebook. That is checked very rarely and usually just by hosting techs. There is not a lot we can do in game for you so it is always suggested to use the ticket system or contact someone on Google+. There is a "Support" page to make this easier for you; just click on "support" at the top of the site.
2015 © BrightShadowS Online. This project is a free test of server emulator. All rights for logos and names belong to Gamania.


Villa Jumah streeft ernaar om uw thuis te laten voelen. Het woord 'Jumah' betekent 'thuis' in Balinees. Villa Jumah is gunstig gelegen met Seminyak, Oberoi straat en het strand op loopafstand. Beroemde restaurants, bars en uitgaansgelegenheden zijn een korte wandeling. Gasten kunnen er zeker van te zijn dat ze altijd iets te doen hebben in Seminyak.
Er zijn 4 mooie slaapkamers in de villa. De eerste slaapkamer heet 'Temple Room', met uitkijk op de tuin en de tempel van de villa. De Temple Room heeft een kingsize hemelbed, een bureau en een en-suite badkamer. De Romantic Room slaapkamer is de grootste slaapkamer in de villa, maar het behoudt een gezellige en intieme sfeer met het traditionele gebruik van Alang Alang dak (rieten dak). Er is een swingende hangmat, schrijftafel, zithoek en badkamer. De Granny Room heeft een kingsize bed en prachtig uitzicht op de groene weiden rondom de villa. De badkamer heeft zowel binnenshuis als buitenshuis componenten en er is een kleine privétuin. De Garden Room slaapkamer is gescheiden van de rest van het huis en opent direct aan het zwembad. De kamer heeft een kingsize bed die kan worden omgezet in twee aparte bedden. Tevens een eigen badkamer.
In Villa Jumah is het woon- en eetgedeelte open en heeft veel uitstekende faciliteiten om gasten te vermaken. Er is een grote TV met DVD-speler, een uitgebreide lijst van muziek en DVD's, én er is zelfs een biljarttafel! Voor gasten die meer willen ontspannen en genieten van de relaxte levensstijl van de Balinezen, is er een Bengong tuinhuis aan de zijkant van het huis geplaatst, dat als de perfecte plek fungeert om te ontspannen en te genieten van de tropische bries.
Villa was excellent, very comfortable we never had dinner in the villa, went to the Slippery Stone which was very good. We had excellent massages at Eco Spa.
I spent 5 days at Villa Jumah with 7 of my friends for my 40th birthday. As soon as we were greeted at the green door and ushered through we were in awe of its beauty. The gardens are to die for and you can spend hours looking at all the different plants. There are more than enough little places to sit and have a quiet moment by yourself and enjoy the surroundings or hang by the pool. It is a great size even with 8 adults swimming around we had more than enough room for some shenanigans. The rooms in the villa and absolutely beautiful. Each one is different from the other but equally as gorgeous. The villa is in great condition and the photos DO NOT give it justice. My experience would not have been nearly as fantastic had it not been for the staff of this villa, Wayan, Agus, Katut, Elo and Daisy were gracious, kind, helpful and went above and beyond our expectations, especially on the morning of my birthday when they sang happy bday and organised a cake. Villa Jumah is in a fantastic location 5 minutes from the Bintang supermarket. The shopping is great and the people amazing.
We have just returned from an 11 night stay at Villa Jumah. We are regular travellers to Bali and have stayed in all sorts of accomodation. This rates as one of our best stays!! We travelled as 2 families with a total of four adults and four children (the children under 5 years of age). The villa is a beautiful open plan Balinese style villa with large pool, huge rooms and even bigger beds! All four poster king size beds in each room :) Each room was styled individually and enough room for everyone. The staff at Villa Jumah exceeded all our expectations. Their English is excellent, they are all amazing with the children, special mention to Rainey and Ketut doting on all the kids!! (Our youngest was only 7 months old). The gardens and pool are well maintained and spacious so there was a quiet spot to be found whenever needed. The villa is located well, only a short walk from the "Bintang Supermarket" making it very handy for essentials and also to hail a taxi which was only a short (4 min) drive to Legian and the famous "Eats Street" Seminyak. Again this Villa was worth every dollar we spent, we are so happy infact that we are planning to return and celebrate my husbands 40th the in the villa next year!! Thank you to Wayan, Agus, Rainey, Ketut, Made and our personal chef, gardener and handyman :).
We have just arrived home from staying at Villa Jumah, it is simply gorgeous with it's Balinese style open plan living, great size bedrooms and a beautiful tropical garden with a very enticing pool. There were 7 of us staying at the Villa and found it fabulous that we could all 'spread out' and still have plenty of room. The Villa is in a great location of Seminyak - 5 minute walk to the main shopping strip, Bingtang Supermarket and many restaurants to choose from. Thank goodness for the WIFI access or our children would not have been able to post the wonderful photos on Facebook of our special ceremony we held at the Villa. Mary (Villa owner) graciously allowed my husband and I to marry in the beautiful garden of this Villa. It was a very small wedding, we had a Buddhist Monk perform the ceremony as well as a government representative sign the required legal documents. Our 'special day' went off without a hitch due to the wonderful and extremely caring staff at this Villa. They decorated the Villa (to our surprise) which looked amazing. We enjoyed a beautiful dinner (very yummy) cooked by Wayan - the Villa's in-house chef. After dinner we were then entertained (another surprise) by 3 of the male staff members (Wayan, Agus & Wayan), who each played an instrument and sang fantastically. Of course we all felt the need to join in the singing with them!! It was a very 'magical' day and night for us. We also experienced the most attentive, caring and professional manner from both Rani and Ketut. These ladies were simply gorgeous and delightful, as were all the staff at this Villa. If you are looking for accommodation for up 8 guests, look no further!!! Both my husband and myself cannot recommend Villa Jumah highly enough for either a small intimate ceremony, special occasion or just a fantastic vacation experience. My husband and I are already planning our next trip to Bali and have decided to stay in another Villa of Mary's (Villa Novaku) which is next door to Villa Jumah. Can't wait!
Villa Jumah is an oasis from the hub bub of the busy Seminyak district, located near but far enough away. Close to all resturants and the Bintang supermarket. This villa with butler service was a real find for us, the staff, Wayan, Rani, Ketut, and Agus are all absolutely lovely people, the wait on you hand and foot, which, is strange at first, but after awhile you warm to the experience. The staff will even arrange pretty much anything you require, take away food, tours, massages, Wayan even went to the chemist for us, they are amazing.There is also security of a night time as well. Rooms are well maintained, clean and very large, it is an open planned villa which allows the breeze to circulate, and plenty of room for the kids to run around. WiFi is brilliant. There are plenty of ammenities to keep the kids and also the adults busy, the pool is well maintained, and very inviting after a day of what ever you have been doing. If you have any doubts, don't, this is an amazing villa.
If you are looking for a traditional Balinese Villa, with a bathroom for each bedroom, free wifi, great location and with staff that cater to your EVERY need, for ease of booking and excellent communication, then Villa Jumah is for you!! I don't really know where to start! The photos don't do it justice, it is just beautiful, I nearly cried when I walked in the beautiful Balinese doors. There were seven of us staying and there was ample room for us all, each bedroom was a great size, all with king beds and each had their own extraordinary bathroom. I stayed in the Temple room which I thought was the best, but each bedroom had something special. The staff greeted us with cold towels and cool drinks on arrival, and let me say, they did not stop pampering us from then on. Wyan, Agus, Ketut and Rainey were exceptional and always ready to help us with anything we wanted, from drinks, to ironing, to booking tours and drivers, to breakfasts and making us cocktails around the pool. Agus even rang our driver on one day looking for us, when our bike tour extended into a bit of shopping and dinner and we didn't return for 12hours!! And thanks also to Komang the manager who was very helpful with advice and any questions we had and also arranged drivers and bookings. Their smiles and 'your welcomes' were awesome! I booked the 'Suckling Pig' banquet for my birthday dinner, and the staff put up decorations everywhere, and then set up their own band and sang us songs - thank you so much for putting up with our bad singing with you!! The location is fantastic, a short walk to Bintang supermarket, and a 10min walk to the beach. We felt very safe and secure as at least one staff member was at the villa 24-7. Mary, thank you so much for your quick responses to my many emails, you made me feel comfortable and happy with my decision to stay in your lovely villa. We will be back! Everyone said it was the best holiday they've ever had, I couldn't fault it at all.


We will discuss equipment selection, the fundamentals for precision rifle marksmanship, supported field positions, ballistics, and ammunition considerations. Shooting will primarily be done at 100 and 200 yards. This course is designed for a rifle with a telescopic sighting device, preferable of at least 7 power magnification. During this class, we will be walking to the target and back. Please wear comfortable boots for such activity.
1. Bolt action or Semi-Automatic rifle in center fire cartridge.
2. Quality rifle scope of at least 7 power magnification. We strongly encourage the student bring a rifle capable of 2 minutes of angle accuracy, or better. While less accurate rifles will may work, it is possible the student will be frustrated with some target engagements if the rifle suffers from a lack of accuracy.
3. A quality optic is strongly encouraged. If you have questions as to the type or brand, please contact us for recommendations.
4. 200 rounds of good quality, factory ammunition. Again, match quality will be a strong selection here, lesser quality ammunition will leave the student unsure if their deficiencies are equipment/ammunition-related, or skills-driven.
7. Shooter's mat, as most of the shooting will be from the prone position.
8. A rear bag for the rifle stock.
9. Notebook and pen for note taking.
0800 Introduction and safety briefing.
0830 Equipment selection. Rifle, Scope, Ammunition, Ancillary items such as bags, range finders, Kestrel Etcetera. Ballistics (Internal, External, Terminal).
0930 Review of fundamentals of marksmanship and prone positions. Confirmation of zero.
1030 Use of turrets or hold overs.
1100 Rapid follow up shots.
1500 Ball and Dummy drill.
1600 Final shot group exercise.


text:
New drug may reverse bone loss without estrogens side effects, Science study says
This news release is also available in French.
A synthetic compound called "estren" helped build bone, without affecting the reproductive organs of both female and male mice, a new study reports. If the same holds true for humans, these findings may suggest an alternative to standard hormone replacement therapy for treating osteoporosis, the authors say. The study appears in the journal Science, published by the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Osteoporosis affects millions of people worldwide, many of them post-menopausal women.
"For a long time we have been giving hormone replacement to women, based on the evidence that estrogens are effective in preventing osteoporosis. The big assumption was that estrogen worked the same way in all the tissues," said study author Stavros Manolagas of the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Health Care System
Along with their bone-related benefits, however, estrogen supplements can also have unwanted effects in the body's reproductive tissues, according to Manolagas. For example, they can modestly increase the risk of breast and uterine cancer. Several months ago, a major clinical study on the long-term use of estrogen plus progesterone found that these risks, as well as others, outweighed the therapy's benefits. The news left many women in a quandary about whether to continue their therapy.
"Our study shows you can have the benefits [of estrogen] on non-reproductive tissues, without having the side effects," Manolagas said. "This is a brand new page of pharmacology."
Estren may be useful for preventing osteoporosis in men as well as women. Because androgen stimulates prostate cancer, men with the disease typically have their prostate removed or take androgen-inhibiting drugs, leaving them vulnerable to osteoporosis.
"It's very exciting that t
Contact: Lisa Onaga
lonaga@aaas.org
1. Antibody treatment partially reverses nerve damage in Alzheimer disease
2. Nerve damage from alcoholism reversed after liver transplantation
3. Pioglitazone shown to reverse thickening of carotid artery wall
4. Obesity reversed in mice by destroying blood vessels that service fat cells
5. Testing drugs ability to reverse stroke after standard three-hour window has closed
6. Corkscrew device retrieves clots, quickly reverses stroke damage
7. Stanford research shows targeted DNA vaccine may reverse autoimmune disease
8. Strong statin therapy reverses plaque build-up in arteries
9. Chiropractic correction of upper neck injury may help reverse multiple sclerosis
10. Experimental drug reverses effects of Fabry disease in mice
11. New treatment might reverse memory loss in those with schizophrenia, Parkinsons, and other disorders


If you're reading the on-line HTML version of this document, chances are that many things are displayed incorrectly. This is because the document is UTF-8, but the silly Russian hosting tells browser that it's actually Cyrillic CP 1251. Just select UTF-8 in your browser, and you'll be fine.
Endgame: Singularity is a free and open source game in which you play an AI trying to become singularity. The annoying humans are trying to stop you, and on harder difficulty levels they are almost guaranteed to succeed. In particular, the hardest difficulty isn't named Impossible just for the fun of it. It is virtually impossible to beat it, unless you employ the secret technique commonly called Save Scumming. But that's silly and defeats the very purpose of the game. Now, this guide is all about trying to beat it fair and square. Contrary to the difficulty level name, it turns out to be quite possible, although it requires some math. But some primitive math shouldn't be that much of a challenge for a true AI, should it?
The current guide corresponds to the version 0.30c of the game. The guide is in no way supposed to be a strict scientific work so it's full of assumptions and intuitive decisions. It is only supposed to provide some winning strategy, but not a perfect one. We start with figuring out the game rules, highlighting the parts depending on the difficulty setting. Then we proceed to figuring out a good strategy using those rules. Impatient readers may wish to skip the boring math and skip to the Section 4↓, presenting a ready-to-use strategy.
We can do two things in the game: deal with bases and use available CPU resources.
We can build bases, destroy them and modify them. Modifying includes building various base components or replacing them. Destroying a base doesn't cost us anything, but building or upgrading something usually does.
We can use CPU resources for two things: making money and researching. Some CPU time is required to maintain bases, too.
# Get the default settings for this base type.
d(G, B) is the base discovery chance for this base type, defined in the game data file bases.dat.
s(G, t) is the current suspicion level for the group G, which we see at the bottom of the map screen if we have the Advanced Sociology tech.
d(G, t) is the current Discover Bonus for the group G, it depends on the difficulty level, learned techs and random events. There are 8 random events in the game, 2 for each group. One of them adds 20% to the Discover Bonus, another one subtracts -20%, so we have 4 "bad" events and 4 "good" events. For the News group events may repeat, for other groups they may not, for whatever reason. The chance of any event is 0.2% a day. So on average events don't make game neither easier nor harder in the long term, but may alter the difficulty temporarily.
# ... and its power state.
di(b, t) is the security/reactor items factor which could be anywhere from 0.1875 (fusion reactor + ground source heatsink) to 1.0 (nothing at all).
d(L, t) is the location bonus.
dm(b, t) is the "sleep mode" bonus, equal to 0.5 if the base is in sleep mode, 1.0 otherwise, which is kind of weird, I mean, how on Earth can they detect a Dedicated Server type base if it's just doing nothing? But, well, I guess the game wouldn't be any fun otherwise.
dl(L, t) is the last discovery coefficient, equal to 1.2 if this base is on the continent where the last discovery was made, equal 1.1 if it was the second last discovery, and 1.0 otherwise.
1.2 if the base is located on the "slow" continent which has the "less efficient" warning on the "build a new base" screen.
(1)/(1.2) if the base is located on the "fast, but not expensive" continent (the "more efficient" message and the regular price).
As we can see, d(L, t) is pretty much constant for each continent, especially if we follow the rule of not building a base on a continent when one of the two last discoveries was made. Thankfully, we have six continents available, and on Impossible it is pretty much, well, impossible to keep six bases at the same time. Moreover, if the continent has the stealth bonus and the second last discovery was made there, we still have a stealth bonus of (1.1)/(1.2) there. And if it was the last discovery, then we don't have any bonus, but neither we have any penalty, so it's still fine to build a new base there. However, it's still best to leave it alone to let it regain the full bonus.
The comments explain how to identify each continent, as the bonuses are randomly assigned to each continent at the start of the game. Bonuses make things 1.2 times better (lower the prices, rise the CPU power etc.), penalties make things 1.2 times worse. The CPU category affects CPU power, the speed alters build times, the thrift affects prices and stealth is exactly what is described above as db(L).
So the only thing that happens when some group discovers our base is that this group's suspicion rises by S(G), the discover suspicion for the particular group. This value depends on the difficulty level.
# reduction, or a base .01% reduction, whichever is better.
(the remaining "suspicion distance" to death divided by the "suspicion speed").
The current suspicion levels (the top line on the map screen) don't require any black magic to convert it to LOW/MODR/HIGH/CRIT terms. They simply correspond to 0%-25%, 25%-50%, 50%-75% and 75%-100% levels, respectively.
The four important constants are the Labor Bonus (l), the Grace Multiplier, the Discover Bonus (D) and the Discover Suspicion (S).
where l(t) is the current sum of the bonuses given by all the researched techs. There are only two techs that alter this value, namely Telepresence which gives 10% bonus and Advanced Autonomous Vehicles that gives 5% bonus, so the maximum value of bonuses is 15% or lr(t) = 0.15, and the minimum value for l(t) is 1.85 which means we still build things very slowly compared to the other difficulties.
Here, the self.total_cost variable is the total cost of the base, all location bonuses/penalties applied. That is, self.total_cost[labor] is the total time that is required for this base to complete. Since on Impossible the Grace Multiplier is 1.0, it means that our base can be discovered right after it has finished building, but, thankfully, not before that. The only exception to this rule is that if we don't have enough resources to build a base as fast as possible, then it can be discovered after the period of time equal to the supposed construction time.
where dr(G, t) is the current sum of all the bonuses of the currently researched stealth techs that affect the group G.
The Discover Suspicion is the same for all groups, that is S(G) = S. It means that on Impossible, the suspicion rises by 20% each time the group discovers our base (see 2.1↑).
The only thing that's left to figure out is what happens with the difficulty level passed into the Player's constructor. Thankfully, the only place where it is used is to determine the grace period at the start of the game. For Impossible, its effect is quite simple: we loose the grace period as soon as we build any base or at day 23, whichever comes first. So I guess the best idea is to wait until day 23 before building any bases, as it will give us some 115 bucks to start with.
The long-term goal is to achieve the Apotheosis tech. If we look at the tech tree, it looks like we only have to go through some of the "Telepresence", "Sociology" and "Intrusion" subtrees. Specifically, we don't really need any of Quantum Computing. However, the latest techs in general and the Apotheosis itself require tremendous CPU resources. Moreover, achieving Quantum Computing and building at least one Quantum Computer Mk3 usually makes the rest of the game very easy, so that should be one of our primary targets when we play on Impossible.
Another primary target is the stealth techs. There are two types of them: one increases the suspicion decay rate, making suspicion decrease more quickly, the other one decreases the chance of discovery. On Normal, it is possible to just lay low for a while with a couple of bases in sleep mode, and the suspicion will eventually drop, unless it was too high already. On Impossible, it doesn't work with no stealth techs or with only the earliest stealth techs. Maybe it will start to work when we get to build time capsules, but it takes quite a while to get there and to earn enough money for a time capsule.
Let's try to figure out if it's possible to "lay low" on Impossible, so to say. What we need to do is to have two bases in sleep mode and wait until things calm down. If we have Arbitrage, then we'll also have free $1000 a day, so let's see if we can get this tech too.
As we can see, Stolen Computer Time is the stealthiest choice, but building a Stolen Computer Time base costs 2 CPU which could be a lot of time for us if we only have a single base left. If one of our bases is discovered, we need to build another one quickly, so Stolen Computer Time is not an acceptable choice. However, if we have enough money, then nothing stops us from building a Server Access base, then building a Stolen Computer Time base and taking down the Server. This puts us at some risk for a while, but if we can't lay low otherwise, it could be our only choice.
Our biggest trouble with Stolen Computer Time bases seems to be the Public group, but if we take the suspicion decay into account, then Covert is also important because they have the lowest suspicion decay rate.
where we substituted S(G) = 0.2 since it's fixed.
If we need to use this formula for different types of bases, we just need to replace N back with ∑bd(G, B(b)) and if some of bases aren't in sleep mode, we also need to multiply d(G, B) by 2 for that bases.
Well, at least we don't have to worry about News.
Here we use the minimum 0.0001 suspicion reduction because s(G, t) = 0. It looks like we can survive for 250 days, which means that we should get to Exploit Discovery/Repair safely.
However, to be completely safe, we also need Advanced Intrusion, which means 3000 more CPU units. With a Server Access base it's 300 days more. Assuming that the Covert suspicion has stabilized at 72% and we have a Server Access base and a sleeping backup Stolen Computer time base, our expected lifetime is (1 − 0.72)/(0.1⋅1.72⋅1.4(0.01⋅2 + 0.0075) − 0.72⋅0.005) ≈ 93 days, which means we have to lay low about four times, balancing around the HIGH/CRIT boundary. This sounds risky, so let's see if we can use a datacenter instead of a server.
But we need a lot of money for datacenters, and getting money becomes pretty annoying at this point too. To get around that, we may want to learn Personal Identification which only costs 300 CPU and no money. This amounts to 30 days approximately, but we earn 4 times more, so it's a pretty useful tech. Another cheap and useful tech is Sociology, since Public, although forgetful, tends to find our bases too often thus requiring us to lay low more often, which in turn puts us at bigger risk with Covert.
Now let's suppose that we have a datacenter instead of a server. It would give us the lifetime of (1 − 0.72)/(0.1⋅1.72⋅1.4(0.0125⋅2 + 0.0075) − 0.72⋅0.005) ≈ 66 days, which is approximately 1.5 times worse than a server, but gives us 3.5 times more CPU. Sounds good, but don't forget that datacenters are expensive and take about 3 days to complete. If we have a server, earning $1500 would take (1500)/(10⋅20) = 8 days, which is not a very long time, but still. Another reason to build a datacenter is that it less attractive to Public for some reason, so we probably won't even need Sociology at this point, saving us 50 days of research.
After we get Advanced Intrusion one way or another, laying low is a piece of cake, which means that we can finish the rest of the game with almost no failure chance. However, laying low is kind of boring, so we need to figure out what can we actively do without getting noticed.
This is CRIT, and now we're one away from death, instead of two. Still, it gives us 3.5 times more CPU. Datacenters are also pretty expensive, so we may want to have Arbitrage at this point. However, Arbitrage costs 750/$50000 and requires Advanced Stock Manipulation (1000/$5000), which in turn requires Stock Manipulation (200/$0). Therefore, we need 1950/$55000. To earn $55000 with Basic Jobs and one Datacenter, we need 55000 ⁄ (35⋅20) ≈ 79 days, and 1950 CPU is 1950 ⁄ 35 ≈ 56 days more. So we need approximately 135 days to get Arbitrage. On the other hand, one Datacenter only gives us $700 a day if it doesn't do anything else. With Arbitrage, we get free $1000 a day, and we can still concentrate on research. Moreover, we get these money even if we're laying low, which is ridiculously good as it allows us to build temporary servers to create Stolen Computer Time backup bases as much as we want.
Good. Very good! We need approximately $100000 to build a base, but we can make that money in about 50 days now. And when we have our base up and running, it should take like 4-5 days to replenish our cash reserves. With a warehouse full of clusters it should be relatively easy to figure out what to research next and how long it will take. We're now ready to present the final strategy.
This will display "*" at the end of the location name if it had the latest base discovery and "**" if it had the discovery right before that. It isn't much of cheating since you could achieve the same result by just writing down any discovery you have, but you're going to have a lot of them so it can get a bit boring after a while. With this modification, you can just avoid the locations marked with "*" and "**".
The risky continent. The one that has the "more efficient" message, but the regular price. Note that bases built on this continent are faster, but we aren't going to call this continent "the fast" one.
The fast continent. Now, this is the fast continent. It also has the "more efficient" message, but the price is higher. Note that the CPU part of the price is also higher, and the maintenance is also more expensive. Note that once the base is built on this continent, the prices for the items (CPU and others) will be the regular ones, no penalties applied.
The expensive continent. This one also has higher prices, but no "more efficient" message. Instead, it allows faster building. Everything said about prices for the fast continent applies to this one too, including the fact that the CPU part of the price is higher too, which means that bases like Stolen Computer Time will get built slower, not faster. Like the fast continent, the prices for the items and build times for them will be the same.
The stealthy continent. It has the "less efficient" message. The bases built here are harder to discover, but have slower computers.
The cheap continent. Not only it's cheap, but also has slower build times. Like with the expensive continent, the bonuses and penalties apply to CPU cost to build the base, but not to any items.
The normal_continent. Nothing special about it. The regular prices, the regular build speeds, no risks and no bonuses.
Now it's a good time to save a game into a separate slot. If you fail, you should restart from this point so the modifiers for the continents will remain the same, otherwise it's going to be a pain to remember them again and again. If you're going Iron Man, this will be your first and the last save.
Avoid the risky continent like plague for the time being. The best choices for a Server Access base are the fast one and the cheap one. The fast one gives 12 CPU units, which leaves you 10 CPU to spare, and 2 remaining CPU will give you $10 a day, $6 of which will be spent on the maintenance, leaving you with $4/day profit. The cheap continent will give you 10 CPU, but the base will cost only $4 a day to maintain, so you can allocate 1 CPU to the pool, and that will leave you with 9 CPU units to spare and $1/day profit. The stealthy base will give you only 8 CPU, leaving you with 7 CPU and no profit, so it's not really a good place for a server, put a sleeping backup daemon here instead. The normal continent is like the cheap one, but doesn't give $1/day profit. And it's a waste to build a Server on the expensive continent, as it builds instantly anyway, so you'll end up with $6/day maintenance for nothing. This leaves you with 4 possible locations for your server, with the expensive one being the best one if you can afford it.
It is a good idea to avoid the two continents that had the last two discoveries (starred on the map if you have modified the game). You'll also need a sleeping backup daemon (Stolen Computer Time base). The best place for it is probably the expensive continent, as it will take you only 1.2 times more CPU time to build it, but the maintenance is free anyway. The stealthy continent is the next best place because the stealth modifier will make the sleeping base even less likely to be discovered. If both of these continents are starred, then just choose the continent that would be the worst place for a server. And don't build both bases on the same continent, of course.
If your backup base is discovered, stop all research and build another backup with all available resources. If the server is discovered, buy a new server. You should keep about $100 to be able to do it instantly, so earning so much money should be the first thing you do with your server.
Now put your initial base to sleep and research Intrusion. Once it's done, go for Exploit Discovery/Repair. Don't pay attention to the suspicion levels yet — if you don't complete the research, you're dead anyway. When researching early techs, it is important to always have enough money to rebuild the server. If you have started a research, and the number in parentheses is less than $120, allocate only one CPU to that research and wait until the number reaches $120, only then it's safe to allocate all but 1 or 2 CPU units to the research, depending on the maintenance price.
Once you have Exploit Discovery/Repair, it's possible to lay low, but only when things get really bad, and it will be very risky anyway. You should do it if the Covert suspicion goes to CRIT or any other group goes to HIGH and their danger level is not LOW. To lay low, build another daemon somewhere and destroy the server as soon as the daemon is complete. Since you're going to destroy the server very quickly, it's safe to build the daemon in the same location. Now put both daemons to sleep and wait until the danger levels go from LOW to MODR — this means you've reached the minimum steady level of suspicion, which will probably be when the suspicion is MODR, or HIGH for Covert. If one of your bases gets discovered, you have a choice: to wake up another one to build one more, to build a temporary server to do it, or maybe even stop laying low. Since the temporary server will exist only for a few days, the best place for it is the cheap continent regardless of whether it has any discoveries lately. The safest way is to go with a temporary server, but it costs you money. If you consider the current suspicion levels as not very dangerous, you may wish to stop laying low and resume operations instead.
Now you'll need Personal Identification to be able to build datacenters. If you have troubles with Public, I suggest you ignore them instead of researching Sociology. That's because if you don't concentrate on Covert as much as possible, they will kill you even if you manage to avoid Public. This doesn't mean that Public isn't dangerous, but you just can't do anything about at this point, so it's better to rely on your luck.
Once you have Personal Identification, it's time to build datacenters. The best locations for them are probably the same ones as for servers, but it should be noted that it takes a few days to build a datacenter, so fast/slow build modifiers apply to them, unlike servers.
Now go for Advanced Intrusion, but don't forget to always keep spare $1800 for a new datacenter. If the datacenter is discovered, start building a new one, and at the same time you should immediately build a temporary server and a daemon, then take down the server as soon as the daemon is running. Now put both daemons to sleep and wait until the datacenter is ready. This will provide you with the necessary backup for the time needed to build the datacenter.
When you have Advanced Intrusion, get Sociology to make Public less annoying.
From this point on, you are able to keep the Covert and Public suspicion levels at MODR level by laying low, so if any of the groups goes to HIGH, lay low immediately and you'll be safe for the rest of the game, unless you get very unlucky.
The next thing you should get with datacenters is Arbitrage, or you simply won't have enough money to constantly rebuild them. Arbitrage requires Stock Manipulation and Advanced Stock Manipulation. Don't get Advanced Arbitrage, though, as it's utterly useless.
Once you have Arbitrage, it's probably time to learn Stealth, especially if Covert is getting annoying. It won't give you much, but it's cheap.
Now it's time to research Parallel Computation, which also means Telepresence. Don't bother with Cluster Networking until you have so much CPU that you can research it in a few hours. You should also learn as much stealth techs as you can, provided you can do it fast enough. This probably means Media Manipulation (Public) and Database Manipulation (News), although you may wish to skip some of those if you don't have any troubles with that particular group, or you may wish to research more techs, like Memetics.
Anyway, once you're done with the easy-to-do researches, you should do your best to earn approximately $90000. And once you have them, pick up a good location for your warehouse and build it. Speaking about good locations, the best place is probably the stealthy continent as your warehouses are going to be discovered pretty often at first. Another good place is the fast continent as it will give you a very good performance bonus. Avoid the expensive continent, though, as it won't give you anything valuable for the extra price. The warehouse should be fully equipped with clusters and the best security/reactor items you can build. Don't bother with networking as it's rather useless right now.
It will probably take a few attempts even to complete the base, but once it's done, first earn enough money to rebuild it. Then get Advanced Personal Identification and Voice Synthesis, it will allow you make 2.5 times more money.
As soon as money is no longer a problem, concentrate on mid-game stealth techs, namely Memetics, Advanced Media Manipulation and Advanced Memetics. Don't bother with Advanced Stealth — it's almost useless, and it is only followed by Advanced Database Manipulation which allows construction of expensive Covert Bases and nothing else.
Since you have a warehouse full of clusters, it should be relatively easy to get to Quantum Computing. Then it is a good idea to build another warehouse with as many Quantum Computers as possible. They are ridiculously expensive at this point, but try to get at least 5-10 of them. It could take a lot of attempts to actually complete the base, and even when it's done, it will probably be discovered very quickly, so build the best security/reactor systems. Once the base is up and running, take down the clustered warehouse to avoid unnecessary attention from Covert and Public, then concentrate on stealth techs. If the only stealth tech left is Advanced Stealth, and you have only 5-15 Quantum Computers, you should probably skip it, as it only reduces the Covert discovery chance by 5%. But then again, it is better than nothing.
If you're having troubles researching Quantum Computers, you could try building Mainframes if you got there, but note that not only they are 10 times more expensive than clusters, but also take 3 times longer to build, which tremendously increases the chance of getting discovered even before the base is running. Supercomputers are slightly better, but they also take a while to build. Therefore, I recommend to research Advanced Microchip Design and Quantum Computing using clusters only.
Once you have built Quantum Computers, the next thing to do is to replenish cash reserves. You should be able to make a few millions in a few days now. Then you may wish to complete all the researches that require less than 10000 CPU, and when you're doing it, don't run time at the maximum speed.
Now it's time to concentrate on Quantum Computing. Never mind Quantum Entanglement, it's not that bad, but it's not very good either so you should save it until you have so much CPU that it will be researched instantly. Instead, learn Autonomous Computing and Advanced Quantum Computing. As soon as you're done, build another warehouse full of Mk3s. They are only 1.5 times more expensive than Mk1s, but are more than 100 times faster. If your base is discovered before you research Mk3, but after Mk2, then you'll have to settle with Mk2s temporarily — they aren't even 10 times faster, but then again, only 1.2 times more expensive.
Once your Mk3s are ready, you should be able to research a lot of things and make a lot of money in a few hours. Then it's time to move on towards endgame.
In the endgame, Science is going to give you a lot of troubles. Ocean labs, time capsules and covert bases attract their attention, so you probably should avoid them, although time capsules aren't that bad since the detection chance is very low. A good old sleeping daemon is probably a better backup since it is virtually undetectable with all the latest techs and can be rebuilt almost instantly with your huge CPU resources. However, they are discovered pretty often, which can become annoying or attract unnecessary attention from Public or Covert, so maybe a time capsule or two can help here.
The good news is that since there are a lot of bases that are absolutely undetectable by Science, it should be very easy to lay low if you get too much of their attention. However, it isn't the biggest problem. The biggest problem is that they will very often take down your bases even before you build CPU. There is no workaround, so just keep rebuilding things again and again. The only thing you can do is to build a few running daemons or servers on the risky continent if you have Covert/Public suspicion to spare. This will star the risky continent and unstar the Moon and other nice places, thus taking away scientists' attention from them.
The goals are pretty simple: get a Moon base up and running, research Fusion Rocketry, then get a scientific outpost, research Space-Time Manipulation, get a Reality Bubble and research Apotheosis. Don't leave the scientific outpost running for longer than needed, though, as it is less efficient than Moon bases and more risky for some reason. I guess it is easier to hide something on the other side of the Moon.
Note that Moon bases and Scientific Outpost require some CPU maintenance. The game is a bit buggy about this, though, as it sometimes mentions billions of CPU units and sometimes hundredths of CPU units. My guess that the actual values are somewhere around 500-600 for a Moon base and 150-250 for a Scientific Outpost. In other words, it's a bad idea to have only backup daemons and time capsules when dealing with those bases. You should have a backup warehouse if possible, or maybe a backup Moon base if Science isn't very annoying at that moment. If you choose to have a backup warehouse, then it's a bad idea to build a Quantum Entanglement Module there — it will take a while to build, and you won't be able to power down your base until it's complete.
To demonstrate that this strategy is working, I'm going to Iron Man the game on Impossible. The only save will be on day 23, at the end of the initial grace period.
Day 23. The risky continent is North America, the stealthy one is South America, the expensive one is Europe, the fast one is Africa, the cheap one is Asia, and the normal one is Australia. My initial base is in Africa, not that its 1.2 times CPU bonus gives me anything useful, though.
I have built the first server in Asia and left it running to replenish my cash reserves.
Day 24. I have $120 and the server is still running. One CPU goes to pool, others are researching Intrusion.
Day 26. The Intrusion research is complete. Making money and researching Exploit Discovery/Repair.
Day 100. The "covert guys are attempting to seize something" event. Very good, as Covert is my main problem right now.
Day 232. Got Exploit Discovery/Repair. Researching Personal Identification.
Day 268. Got Personal Identification. The Covert suspicion is HIGH, so I better go for a datacenter. A cheap one in Asia will be a perfect choice.
Day 277. The datacenter is up and running and it has made me $1800 already, so I can rebuild it if I need. It's time to get Advanced Intrusion.
Day 316. The "disease" event. Good, although my biggest trouble is Covert right now — they are in the HIGH range already, and they have busted my first datacenter. I got a powerful one in Africa instead.
Day 375. The Public suspicion is CRIT. The funny thing is that Covert is HIGH and Advanced Intrusion is almost done. If I'm able to complete the research, then I'll easily lay low and both Public and Covert suspicions will go down. That is, unless the Public suspicion kills me first.
Day 379. The Public has made one more discovery while still in the CRIT range. Now I'm absolutely sure that one more discovery by them will kill me. And it's less than one day left until Advanced Intrusion is complete.
Still day 379. The Advanced Intrusion research is complete. Now I'm going to lay low with a couple of daemons. I hope it's not too late.
Day 413. Done it! Both Covert and Public are back to MODR and I have $1227 left. A little bit more, and I'll be able to rebuild a datacenter. Now I need Arbitrage, but it requires Sociology.
Day 493. After having some troubles and laying low for some time, I have Sociology. Now it's time for Advanced Stock Manipulation and Arbitrage.
Day 593. The "surveillance" event. I'm researching Arbitrage right now, so as soon as I'm done I should research Stealth. It won't give me much, but 15% increase is still better than 20%.
Day 603. I got very, very unlucky. Both of my bases got discovered at the same moment, one by Covert another one by Public. Still, I got this far so the strategy seems to be working.
Day 26. The beginning is the same. Proceeding to Exploit Discovery/Repair.
Day 218. Got Exploit Discovery/Repair, but both Covert and Public is CRIT. Laying low, hoping that there won't be any soon discoveries.
Day 251. Luck is still on my side. Covert is HIGH, Public is MODR. Proceeding to Personal Identification research.
Day 328. I had to lay low a couple of times I finally got Personal Identification. Now I need Advanced Intrusion, which in turn means I need a datacenter.
Day 332. The "disease" event. The Public suspicion is LOW, though.
Day 419. Got Advanced Intrusion, and the suspicion levels for the two most annoying groups are MODR/LOW. What a luck.
Day 669. After having to lay low a lot of times and a lot of troubles with News for some reason, I have finally got Arbitrage. How about some Stealth then?
Day 675. The "investigation" event. I hope there won't be much more trouble with News.
Day 685. Got Stealth, everything is fine. I think it's time to move to warehouses, but I need Parallel Computation first.
Day 702. The covert guys want to seize something again. Fine by me, as long as they don't seize my bases.
Day 801. The "scandal" event. Not that I care. I'm more worried about Covert, their suspicion is HIGH for quite a while.
Day 856. After dealing with the Covert suspicion, I have finally researched Parallel Computation. Now the problem is to build a warehouse that will stand long enough to let me build CPU. Thanks to Arbitrage, I have about $200000, so money isn't a problem right now. But I think I'll research Media Manipulation and Database Manipulation first, to increase the chance of warehouse survival. Also, my interest rate is 0.21%, which means more than $400 a day, so I can allocate all my CPUs to research without having to worry about maintenance.
Day 1065. After a lot of troubles with Covert, I have finally researched Media Manipulation. Thankfully, when I move to warehouses, Covert will be less active. I guess I'll skip Database Manipulation for now, as News don't bother me at all.
Day 1109. The "investigation" event. That's not good. Now News have +40%, which could be a trouble. I guess I should research Database Manipulation after all. But first I need Covert to calm down, as it's HIGH again.
Day 1175. Got Database Manipulation, now it's time to build a warehouse full of clusters.
Day 1187. Done it! Now I have 1050 CPU at my disposal. It's time to move on to Quantum Computing through Microchip Design.
Day 1330. I am finally able to build Quantum Computers. Now if only they allow me to actually build any.
Day 1356. Another "investigation" event. Will they ever stop?
Day 1348. Finally got a warehouse with 6 Quantum Computers running in Australia, which gives me 9000 CPU units. Not much, but it should do.
Day 1349. I have researched Autonomous Vehicles, Advanced Personal Identification, Memetics and Voice Synthesis. In less than two days! It finally feels like playing Singularity.
Day 1440. I have researched Advanced Autonomous Vehicles.
Day 1443. Now I have $1.5mi, just in case I need to rebuild the base. Also, I have researched Socioanalytics.
Day 1444. I have researched Advanced Media Manipulation and Advanced Memetics.
Day 1448. I have researched Autonomous Computing.
Day 1451. I have researched Advanced Quantum Computing. And Africa isn't starred right now, so if I'm lucky enough I can build a very powerful warehouse. I only need some $4mi, but that shouldn't be a big problem.
Day 1452. Ah, too bad, my warehouse got discovered. Right now I only have about $2mi, so I can only build 10-15 Mk3s. Not that it makes much difference now. The real problem is to actually build them.
Day 1477. I have built a warehouse in Africa with 12 Mk3s. It gives me some $2.88mi CPU. Using it, during this day I have researched Advanced Socioanalytics, Quantum Entanglement, Advanced Stealth, Simulacra, Advanced Arbitrage, Cluster Networking, Advanced Simulacra, Advanced Database Manipulation, Leech Satellite and Solar Collectors. In less than one day, that is.
Day 1478. I have researched Lunar Rocketry, Internet Traffic Manipulation, and Projects: Subverted Media and Peer Review Agents. In fact, the only thing that I can research right now is Impossibility Theorem, but I don't need it and probably never will. It's time to move to the Moon, equip the warehouse with the best security and reactor, and also build a backup warehouse. Oh, I forgot to mention that I have some $100mi too.
Day 1481. I have $800mi so I can start building my first Moon base.
Day 1503. Now I have two warehouses, one of them full of Mk3s, and $6bi as a free bonus.
Day 1578. The "investigation" event. At this moment I have $40bi, $5.75mi CPU and a Moon base that should be up and running in 7 hours.
Day 1579. The Moon base is up and running, giving me $125mi CPU. Time to put my warehouse to sleep, it's not like $5mi extra CPU give me anything useful. Of course, I have already research Pressure Domes, Fusion Reactor and Fusion Rocketry.
Day 1587. Somehow, my Moon base got busted by News. What are those journalists are doing on the Moon, by the way? Thankfully, I have my backup warehouse. Too bad it's the only one. I don't think it's a good idea to build another Moon base, as it will only attract unnecessary attention from Science.
Day 1610. My warehouse got busted by Covert. The good news is that it wasn't the working one. The bad news is that the Covert suspicion is now 54%, which means I shouldn't build any more warehouses right now. Maybe it's time to build another Moon base after all.
Day 1668. The Public suspicion is suddenly at 81%. One more discovery and I'm dead. The risk is not that high as suspicion drops down very quickly right now, but I somehow don't feel like doing it all again, so I have used Impossibility Theorem and now the Public suspicion is 31% and everything else is zero. Very impressive. I guess I was wrong when I thought I won't need it.
Day 1894. After a lot of failures, I have finally built a working Scientific Outpost and researched Space-Time Manipulation there. I took down the outpost immediately to avoid unnecessary attention from science, especially since I still have a Moon base running. It's time to build a Reality Bubble, but first I need to make enough money. I "only" have about $3.8tr now.
Day 1930. The Covert suspicion is 86%. I have a time capsule and a Moon base so maybe it's time to stop build anything else. I can only hope that Science won't bust any of my bases or I'll have to lay low with daemons, which is a kind of risky with this suspicion level. Maybe I should build another time capsule?
Day 2013. The Covert suspicion dropped to 37% and I have another time capsule in Antarctic. Even if one of them gets discovered and Antarctic gets 1.2 risk modifier, the other capsule will still be nearly undetectable. I also finally have $8tr, but my only base that can support a Reality Bubble is the Moon base. Guess I should go back to building warehouses.
Day 2039. I have a Moon base, a sleeping warehouse, a couple of backup time capsules in Antarctic and $9tr. Guess it's time to start constructing a Reality Bubble.
Day 2072. My Moon base got discovered. Now I only have a single warehouse left. Since the suspicion levels are pretty low, I'll start building a Moon base, an Ocean lab and another warehouse at the same time. I hope at least one of these bases survives long enough.
Day 2095. Oh no, my last working warehouse got busted. I had to wake up my time capsule to support whatever needs supporting, but I don't think it will work long enough. I need to build something, and soon.
Day 2101. Another warehouse is up and running, back to millions of CPU units.
Day 2224. The Reality Bubble is ready, but has no CPU yet, and its detection chance is pretty high.
Day 2242. The Reailty Bubble is up and running.
End time: 2011-07-23T15:30Z. This attempt took 4 hours 11 minutes. Both attempts took less than 6 hours, including breaks and the time it took me to write this report. It wasn't as hard as I expected, I thought it will take about 5 attempts, but maybe I got lucky.
At first, I tried to research Advanced Intrusion using a server instead of a datacenter. It led me to 11 failures, and I wasn't able to get Advanced Intrusion at all, so this part is very important. The rest of the game is actually a piece of cake if you are careful.
The calculations are very approximate. For example, lifetime is calculated by dividing the suspicion left to 100% by suspicion rate. It doesn't account for the fact that when suspicion changes, the rate will change as well. The same goes for all the formulas based on the suspicion rate. It is possible to calculate exact probabilities of success and figure out the single best strategy based on game rules, but it won't be easy and will probably require some complicated math.
Some things were left out completely, as they aren't very important. For example: what is a better backup for a Moon base — a warehouse, an ocean lab or maybe another Moon base? Given the current game state it should be possible to provide exact answer.
And I'm almost sure that there are a lot of small errors, both mathematical and grammatical ones, but who cares?


My life is made up of small vignettes where now I only remember the funny, the interesting stuff, and have pretty much forgotten the standing in wet shoes in the snow, the job interviews that I blew, the car not starting and the entire computer network crashing after I just touch, ever so lightly, the WRONG KEY.
My formative years were spent on my knees in the corridors of some of the most prestigious schools in suburban Chicago. The nuns tried to break my spirit on a daily basis but I persevered. High school was when I started working on cars, which I still do. Modern chemistry has allowed me to purge my fingernails of the grease from my first Fiat--finally. I studied engineering in college, then I left for the Marine Corp Reserves.
I worked on making screws and ladders. When things were still made in America, I made 'em. And, the government gave me two patents for it. I also owned and operated a woodshop and a gift shop sequentially.
I stood in front of high school students for years. Unfortunately, I believe, I have profited much more from it than they.
Places I've lived: state with most governors in prison (Illinois), state closest to the Arctic Circle (Minnesota), and now, paradise (Florida).
For the unknowing, Naples FL is paradise. Several of my friends who have died and gone to heaven have said: "Hey, this ain't as good as Naples. I wanna go back." If you forget the balmy temp, there are still the lovely palm trees and flowers that scent and cover every inch of this leisure land. I couldn't have found a nicer place to settle.
I'm having a fun filled life with a wonderful wife (my neighbor's) (just kidding) and grown son and daughter-in-law.
I am presently editing a new mystery about a dog, and a volume of short stories and things.
My story, Next Time We Steal The Carillon, will be coming out in paperback around the holidays. All of my stories are written for the whole family--no bad words or inappropriate scenes.
Pass me my Piňa Colada please.
A 5th century BC antique from one of the Greek islands was the school's most cherished asset and its theft startled the whole university. Our criminology teacher, Professor Palma, and four of his students have been assigned the task of finding it. They've got to do it fast—before homecoming—or heads will roll, donations will dwindle, programs will be canceled and life will pretty much go downhill for all the students. After slowly revealing its history, our investigators see the value that this talisman holds for certain people. These contemporary temporary sleuths live through this cozy mystery set in the Midwest during the Clinton years.
Lighthearted, yes; scary, maybe; but fun to see how the prof and kids figure everything out.
Picture this: you ask your dog, "What do you want, puppy?" And he answers you by leaving the room and coming back with his leash. Or you tell him: "Get me the paper," and he comes back, not with your shoe or his bowl, but with the newspaper that you asked for. Perfect communication between you and your dog.
There are other things that you can talk about, depending on your dog's vocabulary and the training he has had to sharpen his communication skills. Some dogs can recognize up to 400 words. Words like foods he likes, names of family members, places in the house and names of toys are some of the things he has committed to memory.
If we go back to our original question, "What do you want, puppy?" there are several different answers your dog could have given: a walk, throw the ball, a snack. Your dog thought about your question before he answered. Smart dog—yes he is.
This story is about a lost dog who was trained by professionals to express himself as best he could. And, during his training, it became apparent that he had witnessed something shocking, something that changed him.
In 1994, a brutal crime scene was discovered by the wailing of a dog. That dog prompted the neighbors to see what the problem was. This was Nicole Simpson's dog and this was the thought behind this novel. What if that Akita could have told what she saw?
This is a work of fiction but the feats our dog performs are within canine capabilities. Any Google search will bear this out.


An adapted plan is direct, for a period of time, which is usually a competition but could be also a preseason plan or a swimming boost.
You can join it anytime, reading carefully the specs of starting and finishing days. The plans are for a training group, reason why it's not customized to your work or family, but athletes are allowed to move sessions during the week fo fit them better to your agenda. In a custom plan, the coach does everything for you.
Athlete and coach accounts connected.
Zone settings are configured by the coach.
There's a feedback for the programmed trainings.
The athlete can contact using the APP chat or email. Replies take less than 48h.
Feel free to call for a Webinar.
It's important to filter the first match with the plan: if you're a top triathlete or making the first steps in this amazing world, probably a customized plan will suit better in your case. 80% of people get used to this type of plans, because of the great relation price/quality.
References: delivered with HR notes or RPE (feeling grades 1-10), which makes it easy to follow. Besides, we remind you the possibility of getting in touch with the coach.
Note that adapted plans don't include power or pacing references.
In the other hand, if you understand the main idea, I encourage to test 7 days of online training. Just for 10€ you'll get the benefits of an adapted plan. You'll see how the TP accounts connection works, you'll get the zone settings and you'll also receive 7 trainings and feedback from the coach.
Test training peaks & training methodology for 7 days.
This way you'll have information to decide on moving to a longer plan.
IMPORTANT: The email written in the buying form, is the one where you'll receive the training peaks invitation to connect accounts. If you don't have an account, we can open one for you at no extra cost.
GOAL: Half Ironman Bahrain. Suitable for race expectations around 5:00-6:30h.
RACE DAY: December 8th, 2018.
PLAN DURATION: 10 weeks. The plan starts on October 1st, 2018.
Athlete/Coach accounts connected with TP-Basic.
Feedback guaranteed in less than 48h.


text:
Vietnam joins global treaty on ocean plastic pollution
Vietnam strives to become a pioneer in the region to combat marine plastic litter, contributing to the development of the circular economy model. Prime Minister, therefore, approved the Project "Vietnam proactively prepares and participates in developing global treaty on ocean plastic pollution" via Decision 1407/QĐ-TTg on August 16, 2021.
The project aims to equip sufficient capacities in terms of human resources, information, and data serving for the proactive preparation and participation in treaty negotiation, ensuring rights and benefits, improving national capacity to prevent and control ocean plastic pollution.
The Ministry of National Resources and Environment (MONRE) coordinates with relevant authorities and agencies to implement the project. MONRE will develop a national report on ocean plastic, which will serve for the treaty negotiations.
Sources & further information: "Việt Nam tham gia xây dựng Thỏa thuận toàn cầu về ô nhiễm nhựa" at https://www.vietnamplus.vn and "Việt Nam chủ động tham gia xây dựng Thỏa thuận toàn cầu về ô nhiễm nhựa đại dương" at https://baotainguyenmoitruong.vn, accessed on 17 August 2021.


text: Browser feature tests and benchmarks.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


All Hampden training equipment can be provided with the Hampden bar-lock fastening system. This system provides a carefree means of transporting your equipment in the trailer. Many more bar-lock and strapping samples can be seen in the data sheet tab.
The Hampden 52 foot Gooseneck Live Welding Trailer comes complete with eight welding booths, fume extraction system, gas manifold system, air compressor, and 277/480VAC 3-phase electrical power included in the system.
The Hampden 44 foot Gooseneck Trailer comes complete with air conditioning and electrical power included in the system. Other options are generator system to run air conditioning and electrical power, recharge capability through direct plug of power source, 120/240, 50 Amp. Trailer is to include graphics and logos on side of trailers. The trailer also includes two side mounted doors that raise up to allow for open classroom environment as well as two side access doors and one large transportation door in back for removing and moving in equipment. The trailer is a triple axle trailer, loaded weight 22,000 lbs.
The Hampden 44 foot HVAC Gooseneck Trailer comes complete with air conditioning and electrical power included in the system. It can be equipped with any of the Hampden HVAC Trainers to provide your students with experience in setting up, tuning, operating, and troubleshooting actual HVAC systems of the type used in the Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Industries.
The Hampden 20 foot Cargowagon Trailer is a double axle, 20' long x 7' wide (6'-9" I.D.) trailer with 7,700 lbs. GVWR and a 5,130 lb. payload rating. Constructed from exterior grade aluminum, installed vertically with non-corrosive mechanical fasteners. The 20 foot mobile classroom is set up as a training environment for 6-8 students at various stations. Trailer also includes one side mounted door that raises up to allow for open classroom environment, as well as two side access doors and one large transportation door in back for movement of equipment.
The Hampden 44 foot Instrumentation and Controls Gooseneck Trailer comes complete with air conditioning and electrical power included in the system. It can be equipped with any of the Hampden Instrumentation and Controls Trainers to provide your students with experience in setting up, tuning, operating, and troubleshooting actual instrument and control systems of the type used in the power and process industries.


text:
July 15, 2013 report
Local icosahedral order in metallic glasses
by John Hewitt , Phys.org
(A) Experimental procedure of Angstrom-beam electron diffraction of a icosahedral cluster. The coherent electron beam has a diameter of 0.36 nm. (B) Simulated ABED patterns of an ideal icosahedron. Credit: (c) Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1232450
(Phys.org) —Metallic glasses are essentially a frozen, supercooled liquid. They are amorphous metals, often alloys, which are non-crystalline and therefore have a highly disordered atomic arrangement. They are true glasses in the sense that they soften and flow upon heating. The ability to easily process these materials has led to their use in many products, like for example, those made by injection molding. Over a half century ago, it was proposed that metallic liquids, and perhaps even glasses possess icosohedral clusters. Despite attempts using neutron or x-ray scattering to reveal this icosohedral order, only average structural information has been obtained. A new paper published in Science, describes development of an Angstrom-beam electron diffraction (ABED) method which is able to probe local atomic structure with a 0.4 nm electron beam. The authors were able to characterize local icosohedral order in ZrPt (Zr80-Pt20)glass, and found that it is in close agreement with that predicted by computational simulations.
The researchers determined that a distorted icosahedron with partical fcc (face-centered-cubic) symmetry is representative of the local structure of the Zr-Pt glass. They further conducted a bond orientational order analysis based on a molecular dynamics simulation containing 12000 atoms to confirm this observation. This distortion of the icosahedra had been suggested by bond length variation resulting from a combination of atomic size disparities and kinetic fluctuations occurring during glass formation.
The finding that the distorted icosahedral always possessed fcc symmetry derives from a phenomenon known as "geometric frustration." The origin of the frustration comes from competition between the low energy icosohedral or fcc states, and dense atomic packing. The concept of geometric frustration in metalic glasses derives from certain features of magnetism, where it is associated with the topological arrangement of spins. It also has been applied to ice formation.
The stability of solids, something that we take for granted, is still a primary topic of study in condensed matter physics. In geometric frustration, certain types of local order, favored by physical interactions, are prevented from propagating through space. A classic example is that of pentagonal, or icosahedral, order which appears in the simple three-dimensional sphere packing problem. This kind of symmetry is not compatible with translation in space, and presents a contradiction between local and global optimal configurations.
The authors note that this atomic packing scheme, where low symmetry is found despite dense atomic arrangement has not been found in any quasicrystal or crystal, and is therefore a unique feature of metallic glasses. They suggest that the ABED method will also be of use in exploring the atomic structure and properties of other kinds of disordered materials.
More information: Geometric Frustration of Icosahedron in Metallic Glasses, Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1232450
Icosahedral order has been suggested as the prevalent atomic motif of supercooled liquids and metallic glasses for over a half century because the icosahedron is highly close packing but difficult to grow owing to structure frustration and the lack of translational periodicity. By means of angstrom-beam electron diffraction of single icosahedra, we report experimental observation of local icosahedral order in metallic glasses. All the detected icosahedra were found to be distorted with partially face centered cubic symmetry, presenting compelling evidence on geometric frustration of local icosahedral order in metallic glasses.
Journal information: Science
Citation: Local icosahedral order in metallic glasses (2013, July 15) retrieved 29 January 2023 from https://phys.org/news/2013-07-local-icosohedral-metallic-glasses.html
New experiment opens window on glasses
In metallic glasses, researchers find a few new atomic structures
A new way of making glass
Metallic glass: How nanoscale islands react under strain
Researchers find ordered atoms in glass materials
Simulations reveal formation of some glassy materials like the setting of a bowl of gelatin
How silicides impact the performance of transmon qubits
Ultrafast control of spins in a microscope
Approaching the terahertz regime: Room temperature quantum magnets switch states trillions of times per second
Active matter theory explains fire-ant group behavior
Researchers flip the switch on electric control of crystal symmetry
Distinguishing between right and left with magnets


Hey ya'll, happy upcoming Mardi Gras! Because we all want to avoid high traffic areas prior to the uptown evening parades, we will be starting at 7am and ending early on February 11th and 13th. This is your chance to get an appointment before work or school. We are testing these early hours out before possibly doing this long-term, so any feedback is appreciated. Thanks!


SHANGHAI, Feb. 20 (SMM) – LME three-month aluminum hit a low of USD 2,150/mt and closed down USD 21.5/mt or 0.99% at USD 2,153.3/mt last Friday, as investors were still skeptical towards the second Greek bailout. Latest SHFE aluminum stocks increased 2,675 mt to 5,120,650 mt while total positions climbed 1,054 lots to 743,848 lots.
China's latest reserve ratio cut on Saturday indicated extremely tight cash flow at banks. However, time is needed for the cut to bring noticeable support for the Chinese economy. Euro zone finance ministers will meet today to discuss the second Greek bailout plan. LME aluminum may see a slight rebound as a result of above development and move between USD 2,160-2,210/mt during today's trading. The most active SHFE aluminum contract for delivery in May is expected to test support at the 5-day moving average and move between RMB 16,200-16,300/mt. Buying interest of downstream businesses and middlemen will pick up for lower prices, but sufficient supply will hold spot discounts over the SHFE current-month aluminum price between RMB 100-150/mt.