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Education Week's blogs > Digital Education See more Ed-Tech news
Personalized learning, artificial intelligence, adaptive testing, digital curricula, data privacy, future of work, and all things technology. Education Week reporters help you stay on top of the latest developments in ed tech.
MOOC Targets Needs of K-12 Teachers and Students
By Michelle Davis October 16, 2013 at 2:11 PM
Michigan creates Massive Open Online Course for high school students interested in becoming teachers as well as current teachers wanting to upgrade their digital skills.
U.S. Young Adults' Tech Skills Lag Behind International Peers
By Kevin Bushweller October 14, 2013 at 12:15 PM
Young adults in the United States are falling behind their international peers in their ability to use technology for tasks such as organizing data.
UPDATED: Children's Advocacy Group Urges Greater Privacy for Data Use
By Sean Cavanagh October 14, 2013 at 9:06 AM
Common Sense Media, an organization that rates educational products for their quality, has written a letter to industry groups asking them to take steps to ensure student privacy, the New York Times reports.
Computer Science Data Privacy Digital Divide Digital Instructional Materials Educational Data Mobile Learning Online Learning
Ed Week Webinar: What Districts Need in a Chief Technology Officer
By Michele Molnar October 11, 2013 at 1:53 PM
A Nov. 7 Education Week webinar will examine the changing role of the district CTO, and how superintendents can maximize leadership in this pivotal position.
Online Chat Today: Creating a Culture of Innovation
Join us for an online chat at 2 p.m. Eastern time for a discussion with two superintendents about how technology can be used to improve schools.
1-to-1 Computing Instructional Tools Leadership Online Learning
Big 1-to-1 Tablet Initiatives Halted in North Carolina, Texas
By Benjamin Herold October 7, 2013 at 4:45 PM
Guilford County Schools in North Carolina suspended use of Amplify tablets, and a large 1-to-1 iPad program in Fort Bend, Texas also ran into problems.
1-to-1 Computing Business
A Blueprint for Bringing Digital Tools Into Schools
By Sean Cavanagh October 3, 2013 at 3:51 PM
The Consortium for School Networking, an association of K-12 technology officials, has seven recommendations for bringing digital improvements to districts.
Mobile Learning Online Learning State and District Policy
Federal Government Shutdown Halts E-Rate Comments
Public comment on the FCC's proposal to overhaul the federal E-rate program has been suspended due to the partial government shutdown.
Los Angeles District Responds to iPad Security Breaches
The Los Angeles Unified School District announced new safety measures following reports of missing devices and hacked security systems on student iPads.
1-to-1 Computing Online Safety
Cloud Computing Jeopardizes Student Privacy, Report Warns
By Benjamin Herold September 26, 2013 at 3:38 PM
The growing use of cloud computing by European schools is putting students there at risk of being "tracked and profiled," a new report says.
Data Privacy Educational Data Online Safety Research/Reports
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How Weather Forced a Minn. District to Establish E-Learning Options On the Fly
Yes, College Admissions Officers Do Look at Applicants' Social Media, Survey Finds
Federal Privacy Protections Would Extend to Older Children Under New Bill
10 Things to Know About California's New Data Privacy Law
N.Y. District Will Use Facial Recognition Software, Despite Big Privacy Concerns
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text:
Hösthorn är en diktsamling från 1927 av den svenske författaren Erik Axel Karlfeldt. Titelns horn är kohornet, det traditionella blåshornet inom fäbodskulturen, medan höst används för att beteckna ålderdom och mognad. Boken var Karlfeldts sista diktsamling.

Innehåll

Mottagande
Mathias Feuk skrev i Biblioteksbladet: "Må det vara nog sagt, att Hösthorn både mänskligt och konstnärligt står på samma höjd som skaldens tidigare diktböcker. Strömmar det måhända ej samma vårskimmer och sommarvärme ur den, så har den i stället höstens klara rymd över sig, och den vises mognad och ro går som en stilla underström därigenom."

I Ord och Bild skrev Torsten Fogelqvist: "Liksom hornet representerar det traditionella draget i Karlfeldts lyrik, representerar hösten det virila." Han jämförde Hösthorn med Karlfeldts tidigare diktsamlingar: "Det har kommit in en högstämd ton i Karlfeldts sista dikter, en ton av tack och resignation, på samma gång vemodig och trygg, fri från både grämelse och salvelse, en ton av samling och fattning, buren av de känslor, som gripa en man, då han ser sina öden fullbordas." Fogelqvist skrev vidare: "Den som ännu vid några och sextio år kan avtvinga sitt instrument en så rik och levande symfonisk klang, som ännu icke släppt sitt grepp om hela registret och som ännu är mäktig av nya motivfynd, har inte rätt att tystna."

Källor

Externa länkar
 Hösthorn hos Karlfeldtsamfundet

Diktsamlingar av Erik Axel Karlfeldt
Skönlitteratur 1927

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The architectural icon inspired by the Arabic seafaring tradition and designed to resemble a breaking wave offers sumptuous accommodation and fabulous amenities. It is located 30 minutes drive from the airport and is part of the Jumierah Beach Resort which comprises Wild Wadi Water Park and the magnificent Burg Al Arab, the tallest all-suite hotel in the world.
22 Restaurants and bars, private beach, 5 swimming pools, 6 floodlit tennis courts, mini putting green and golf driving nets, family adventure park, marina with over 50 yachts, sports club with 3 squash courts, PADI dive centre, gym, sap facilities and a full range of watersports.
All rooms are sea facing, many with balconies and are extremely spacious and well furnished with en-suite bathroom, hairdryer, internet access, satellite TV, iron, minibar, safe, air-conditioning, and telephone.


text:
This article is from the source ' nytimes ' and was first published or seen on December 03, 2019 07:42 (UTC) . The next check for changes will be January 24, 2020 10:55
You can find the current article at its original source at https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/03/world/asia/philippines-typhoon-tisoy-kammuri.html
The article has changed 5 times. There is an RSS feed of changes available.
Previous version 1 2 3 4 Next version
Typhoon Kammuri Leaves Destruction as It Powers Through Philippines
Typhoon Kammuri Kills at Least 17 as It Powers Through Philippines
2019-12-04 06:12:13 UTC (about 4 hours later)
Typhoon Kammuri swept through the Philippines on Tuesday, ripping rooftops from houses, knocking down power lines and leaving a half-million people huddled in evacuation centers, waiting for the storm to pass. Three deaths have been reported. Typhoon Kammuri swept through the Philippines on Tuesday, ripping rooftops from houses, knocking down power lines and leaving a half-million people huddled in evacuation centers, waiting for the storm to pass. At least 17 people were killed.
Manila airport was ordered shut for 12 hours and nearly 500 flights were canceled. Officials suspended marine traffic in affected areas as Kammuri, packing wind gusts as high as 150 miles per hour, battered the Philippine archipelago for a second day. Manila's international airport was closed for 12 hours during the storm, resulting in the cancellation of nearly 500 flights. Officials suspended marine traffic in affected areas as Kammuri, packing wind gusts as high as 150 miles per hour, battered the Philippine archipelago for a second day.
Kammuri is expected to hit Manila with intense, frequent rainfall overnight, the authorities have warned, leaving open the possibility that flooding could deluge the city and its surrounding areas, home to more than 10 million people. By early Wednesday the storm had weakened slightly, officials said, but heavy rainfall was expected to continue. Officials had feared that flooding could deluge Manila, the capital, and its surrounding areas, home to more than 10 million people.
In Albay, a province in southeastern Luzon, the largest and most populous Philippine island, Gov. Al Francis Bichara said the fierce winds caused more damage than the rain. In Albay, a province in southeastern Luzon, the largest and most populous Philippine island, Gov. Al Francis Bichara said fierce winds had caused more damage than the rain.
"Right now there's no electricity, the cables had fallen, but it's calm now," he said, speaking to a Manila radio station. "Right now there's no electricity, the cables had fallen, but it's calm now," he said, speaking to a Manila radio station.
The army, the police force and emergency service workers were helping clear roads of debris, said Claudio Yucot, a regional director for civil defense. The army, the police force and emergency service workers were helping to clear roads of debris, said Claudio Yucot, a regional director for civil defense.
A man who was preparing his home for the storm was electrocuted and died when a damaged wire touched his galvanized metal roof, the Philippine National Police said. Reuters reported that two other people had been killed, one struck by a tree and the other by a sheet of metal. The 17 deaths reported Wednesday by emergency officials and the national police included a man who was electrocuted when a damaged wire touched his galvanized metal roof. Another man was hit by a tree and killed. A man who was fishing along the shore in Quezon, along the south of Luzon, was struck by lightning, and several others on shorelines along the archipelago drowned.
Across the archipelago, officials said the evacuations of hundreds of thousands of people from exposed areas had lessened the impact of the storm on civilians and prevented more deaths. Across the Philippines, officials said the evacuations of hundreds of thousands of people from exposed areas had lessened the impact of the storm on civilians and prevented more deaths.
Still, the authorities warned of storm surges up to three feet and floods and landslides from the wind and rain in the mountainous countryside. Still, the authorities warned of storm surges up to three feet and floods and landslides from the wind and rain in the mountainous countryside.
Across metropolitan Manila, government offices and schools were closed. A sizable portion of the Philippine population lives along the coast and in low-lying areas, and the authorities issued flood alerts for several regions. They also warned that landslides set off by typhoon rains could affect more mountainous, rural areas.
A sizable portion of the Philippine population lives along the coast and in low-lying areas, and the authorities have issued flood alerts for several regions, with the storm expected to strengthen slightly later Tuesday before starting to weaken.
Deadly landslides set off by typhoon rains could also affect more mountainous, rural areas.
The typhoon struck the Philippines as the nation hosted the Southeast Asian Games, a biennial sports event that draws top athletes from 11 Southeast Asian nations. The typhoon struck the Philippines as the nation hosted the Southeast Asian Games, a biennial sports event that draws top athletes from 11 Southeast Asian nations.
The Games are scheduled to run through Dec. 11, and already several outdoor events have been canceled or postponed until later this week, when the typhoon is expected to move on. Sports like windsurfing, beach volleyball and canoe-kayak racing were either suspended or postponed, while others were held ahead of the storm's arrival. The Games are scheduled to run through Dec. 11, and already several outdoor events have been canceled or postponed until later this week. Sports like windsurfing, beach volleyball and canoe-kayak racing were either suspended or postponed, while others were held ahead of the storm's arrival.
Kammuri, known locally as Tisoy, is the 20th storm to hit the Philippines this year. Kammuri, known locally as Tisoy, is the 20th storm to hit the Philippines this year.
Jason Gutierrez contributed reporting. Jason Gutierrez contributed reporting.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Home / Celebrity / Top 5 Most Liked Mzansi Celeb Photos On Instagram Ever!
Top 5 Most Liked Mzansi Celeb Photos On Instagram Ever!
Top 5 Most Liked SA Celeb Photos On Instagram Ever! Sports personalities especially in cricket and rugby dominate Instagram with following and likes here in Mzansi.
But who rules Instagram in terms of likes in the SA showbiz industry? We've compiled the list of SA based, non sport celebs' most liked photos ever on Instagram.
1. Cassper's photo from Fill Up FNB with just over 112k likes.
2. Boity's photo rocking a little pink dress is the second most liked.
3. Nomzamo's bikini photo that almost broke the internet is 3rd most liked.
4. Cassper comes back with a second photo which is the 4th most liked photo.
5. Minnie Dlamini's lingerie photo rounds up the top 5 most liked SA celeb photos.


text:
2005 OSU Ohio State Buckeyes Big Ten Championship Ring
2005 OSU Ohio State Buckeyes Big Ten Championship Ring quantity
SKU: N/A Category: college football rings Tags: Big 10 Championship Ring, Ohio State Championship Rings
The 2005 Ohio State Buckeyes football team's head football coach was Jim Tressel. The Buckeyes played their home games in Ohio Stadium. The team finished the season with a win-loss record of 10–2, and a Big Ten Conference record of 7–1. They tied for the Big Ten Championship with Penn State.
In 2005, A.J. Hawk was the sixth Ohio State player to receive the Lombardi Award. He was also voted OSU's season MVP for this year and was All-American. All year, Troy Smith and Justin Zwick competed for the spot of starting quarterback.
Early in the season, they played their first ever meeting against the Texas Longhorns of The University of Texas, which they lost, 25–22.
To conclude the season, they made an appearance in the 2006 Fiesta Bowl and defeated the Notre Dame Fighting Irish 34–20. They finished the season ranked No. 4 in the nation.
2015 Michigan State Spartans Big Ten Championship Ring
2016 Maryland Terrapins women's basketball Big Ten Championship Ring
2005 Georgia Bulldogs SEC Championship Ring
2005 Texas Longhorns National Champions Ring


When it comes to accommodations, we focus on providing the best in savings, perks and choice. And we accomplish this by leveraging our market position and longstanding third-party partnerships, while applying our innovative philosophy to new and exciting ways to stay. And when your travellers book through our partners, you can provide advanced duty of care with Expert Care™. Win-win for you and your travellers.


text:
Show pins
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Inconsiderate parking on pavement along Trafalgar Terrace
Fixed 00:49, 20 Jun 2022, last updated 10:40, 28 Jun 2022
Over grown brambles etc on Public footpath
Fixed 13:41, 19 Jun 2022, last updated 13:34, 1 Nov 2022
Damaged wall on West Street opposite Parson St. Junction
Closed 10:28, 15 Jun 2022, last updated 00:05, 11 Jul 2022
Large thorn bushes on throughway from Ilchester Crescent to the park are overgrown and encroaching into private residence garden.
Fixed 12:08, 14 Jun 2022, last updated 07:42, 26 Oct 2022
Drains blocked, road flooded
Fixed 19:17, 5 Jun 2022, last updated 11:15, 25 Jul 2022
Hedge over growing can't get pushchair through
Fixed 00:22, 26 May 2022, last updated 16:21, 15 Nov 2022
The road is a mess and causing disruption.
Fixed 16:57, 25 May 2022, last updated 12:15, 31 May 2022
Abandoned building works leave unsafe pavement
Closed 14:54, 23 May 2022, last updated 15:51, 5 Jul 2022
Parking on pavement by everyone delivery drivers to shops
Closed 19:42, 22 May 2022, last updated 00:05, 5 Aug 2022
Rubbish bins and other rubbish on the pavement
Closed 19:39, 22 May 2022, last updated 00:06, 18 Oct 2022
Parking on pavement
Roadworks issues
Closed 10:04, 19 May 2022, last updated 00:05, 13 Jun 2022
Dangerous utility cover raised and rocking
Fixed 05:27, 11 May 2022, last updated 11:46, 21 Jun 2022
Light not working
19:44, 3 May 2022, last updated 13:32, 4 May 2022
Broken/loose drain covers
Fixed 14:54, 2 May 2022, last updated 11:46, 21 Jun 2022
Dangerous and unsafe utility covers
Damaged pavement and wall
Closed 15:04, 25 Apr 2022, last updated 10:18, 12 May 2022
Gutter pipe causing flooding during heavy rain
Fixed 13:29, 20 Apr 2022, last updated 16:54, 6 May 2022
New streetlight too bright
Fixed 21:01, 13 Apr 2022, last updated 12:20, 19 Apr 2022
Car oil in flood water
Fixed 12:40, 8 Apr 2022, last updated 12:35, 4 Jul 2022
Several large potholes
Closed 16:04, 7 Apr 2022, last updated 14:50, 14 Apr 2022
Several large potholes at the junction
Fixed 16:12, 3 Apr 2022, last updated 15:45, 15 Nov 2022
Pothole in front of 22 Martock road
Fixed 23:11, 2 Apr 2022, last updated 11:28, 12 Apr 2022
As you can see on photo this is an extreme trip hazard
Fixed 10:37, 31 Mar 2022, last updated 10:46, 20 Apr 2022
Fixed 21:50, 21 Mar 2022, last updated 14:09, 13 Jul 2022
One way street being used both ways
Fixed 15:41, 18 Mar 2022, last updated 11:11, 8 Jun 2022
The pavement on bedminster Rd between shepton walk and st dunstans is highly uneven and dangerous
Closed 19:49, 7 Mar 2022, last updated 16:32, 15 Jun 2022
We need a keep clear box on entrance
Fixed 14:00, 7 Mar 2022, last updated 11:42, 20 Apr 2022
Road way is sinking and cracked up getting bigger
Fixed 13:48, 7 Mar 2022, last updated 17:30, 8 Mar 2022
Cars parked on cycle path into city
Closed 12:47, 7 Mar 2022, last updated 00:05, 16 Sep 2022
M1 Bus Stop
Closed 15:10, 1 Mar 2022, last updated 00:05, 11 May 2022
Additional M1 Bus Stop
BRICKWORK in parent reveals large hole, by traffic light & posters
Fixed 17:14, 23 Feb 2022, last updated 10:56, 5 Oct 2022
Closed 12:17, 20 Feb 2022, last updated 00:06, 15 Mar 2022
Street light permanently on
Fixed 10:50, 18 Feb 2022, last updated 15:02, 12 May 2022
Large pothole
Fixed 16:29, 16 Feb 2022, last updated 15:22, 15 Nov 2022
Cars parked in cycle lane
15:00, 14 Feb 2022
Flooding due to blocked gully drains
Fixed 14:50, 14 Feb 2022, last updated 01:24, 17 Jun 2022
Light not working making the area dangerous
One side of the steps are now overgrown which makes it difficult for socially distancing and for safe access to bus stop etc
Closed 12:52, 8 Feb 2022, last updated 16:34, 2 Mar 2022
Fixed 16:25, 7 Feb 2022, last updated 10:11, 15 Jun 2022
Closed 08:17, 7 Feb 2022, last updated 00:05, 13 Oct 2022
Tarmac lorries continue To use S liberty lane
Fixed 12:38, 2 Feb 2022, last updated 10:53, 18 Mar 2022
Two massive potholes
Fixed 11:04, 2 Feb 2022, last updated 15:51, 15 Nov 2022
Drain cover
Fixed 09:02, 28 Jan 2022, last updated 18:48, 17 Feb 2022
Both lights not working
Both lights on bridge not working
Street light not working road very dark
Full across carriageway trench appearing
Fixed 11:44, 26 Jan 2022, last updated 11:26, 7 Mar 2022
Lantern hanging off
Hedge blocking pathway
Closed 15:06, 23 Jan 2022, last updated 15:51, 14 Mar 2022
Pathway often completely blocked by climbing centre visitors
Closed 14:40, 23 Jan 2022, last updated 00:06, 7 Sep 2022
Raised paving slabs
Closed 12:46, 21 Jan 2022, last updated 14:36, 7 Apr 2022
Car blocking pavement
Blocked drain standing water
Fixed 12:09, 20 Jan 2022, last updated 13:45, 23 May 2022
Rubbish/ carsboth side of road
Closed 12:09, 20 Jan 2022, last updated 00:05, 30 Aug 2022
3 of 3 light not lit
Fixed 21:09, 19 Jan 2022, last updated 14:22, 28 Mar 2022
2 of 3 lights not lit
1 of 3 on same junction not lit
Light has been smashed
Unable to access lane to receive deliveries on arrival lorries
Sign has only recently been replaced and has again been flattened
Fixed 08:04, 18 Jan 2022, last updated 11:51, 21 Jun 2022
5 in pothole
Fixed 16:37, 17 Jan 2022, last updated 14:01, 13 Apr 2022
Building works blocking ALL parking for residents
Bins pavement parking
17:23, 12 Jan 2022, last updated 17:34, 9 Feb 2022
Pavement parking
Fixed 17:23, 12 Jan 2022, last updated 17:33, 9 Feb 2022
Closed 17:22, 12 Jan 2022, last updated 13:34, 17 Jan 2022
Street light does not come on when it's dark
Two ever increasing potholes
Stolen metal bollard
Blocked drain on Palmyra Road opposite No.7 Thanet Road (just up from the junction of Thanet Road and Palmyra Road).
Fixed 12:59, 3 Jan 2022, last updated 09:53, 23 Aug 2022
Street light not on at night
Street light permanently off on Stanley Terrace.
Fixed 00:28, 26 Dec 2021, last updated 09:59, 4 Jan 2022
Street light out at night making two togrther
24 inch pothole on Mansfield Street
Fixed 16:10, 14 Dec 2021, last updated 13:31, 23 Mar 2022
Markings on pavement to prevent obstructive parking
Double lights not working
Fixed 12:01, 12 Dec 2021, last updated 15:32, 11 Apr 2022
Streetlight not coming on.
Street light outside 153 luckwell rd
Fixed 17:53, 9 Dec 2021, last updated 14:58, 3 Mar 2022
Fixed 12:05, 9 Dec 2021, last updated 22:00, 26 Aug 2022
Pavement parking and bins
17:22, 8 Dec 2021, last updated 20:01, 2 Feb 2022
Light cover not fully attached
Bag of leafs
Closed 11:13, 7 Dec 2021, last updated 00:05, 28 Dec 2021
Light not on
Fixed 17:39, 29 Nov 2021, last updated 09:18, 14 Feb 2022
Fixed 18:21, 28 Nov 2021, last updated 13:25, 28 Jan 2022
Loose manhole
Fixed 22:38, 27 Nov 2021, last updated 12:42, 27 Apr 2022
Scaffolding materials on highway
Columns S44 & 001
Streetlight out outside Lynwood House
Fixed 17:42, 13 Nov 2021, last updated 15:17, 3 Mar 2022
Footpath very overgrown
Closed 11:39, 8 Nov 2021, last updated 00:05, 12 Jan 2022
Blocked cycle path
12:54, 6 Nov 2021
Graffiti covering most major road signage
Closed 16:07, 4 Nov 2021, last updated 00:05, 12 May 2022
Commercial waste being dumped at 43 hall at
12:13, 4 Nov 2021, last updated 14:50, 27 Jan 2022
Streetlight not working
Fixed 19:25, 3 Nov 2021, last updated 09:42, 14 Feb 2022


text:
Jerry Hall (* 2. července 1956, Gonzales, USA) je někdejší americká modelka a herečka.

Byla partnerkou rockera Micka Jaggera, se kterým má čtyři děti. V lednu 2016 se zasnoubila s mediálním magnátem a miliardářem Rupertem Murdochem.

Reference

Externí odkazy

Americké modelky
Americké herečky
Narození v roce 1956
Žijící lidé
Ženy
Narození 2. července


text:
Prevention Science
Selling and Buying Sex: A Longitudinal Study of Risk and Protective Factors in Adolescence
Christine E. Kaestle
Engaging in trading sex is associated with many co-occurring problems, including elevated risk for sexually transmitted infections. Various dimensions of social support from parents, schools, and mentors may be protective against sex trading and may ameliorate the impact of risk factors. This study analyzes data from respondents to Waves I and III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) who had not participated in sex trading for money or drugs in Wave I so that risk and protective factors for first initiations of selling or buying sex could be examined longitudinally. About 2% of the study sample began selling sex and about 2% began buying sex between Wave I and Wave III. The respondent's sex, race/ethnicity, history of sexual abuse, shoplifting, marijuana use, and experiences of homelessness or running away were significant predictors of trading sex (p < 0.05). Being happy at school was associated with lower selling of sex, and feeling part of school was associated with lower buying of sex even after controlling for demographics and risk factors (p < 0.05). Results indicate a need for early intervention for youth who experience sexual abuse or running away. Elements of school connectedness have a protective effect on selling and buying sex. Promoting school connectedness may advance public health goals.
Adolescents Sex exchange Sex trading Prostitution
Sincere thanks go to Annabelle Goodwin for her assistance in gathering and sorting through literature review material. This research uses data from Add Health, a program project directed by Kathleen Mullan Harris and designed by J. Richard Udry, Peter S. Bearman, and Kathleen Mullan Harris at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and funded by grant P01-HD31921 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, with cooperative funding from 23 other federal agencies and foundations. Special acknowledgment is due Ronald R. Rindfuss and Barbara Entwisle for assistance in the original design. Information on how to obtain the Add Health data files is available on the Add Health website (http://www.cpc.unc.edu/addhealth). No direct support was received from grant P01-HD31921 for this analysis.
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© Society for Prevention Research 2012
1.Department of Human DevelopmentVirginia TechBlacksburgUSA
Kaestle, C.E. Prev Sci (2012) 13: 314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-011-0268-8


Stop your wheelsets from being stolen or damaged, convert quick release skewer to a secure Hexlox. The skewer features an Allen key bolt which the a 5mm Hexlox (sold seperately) is placed into. This stops a theft from using an allen key to undo the skewer. The Hexlox is removed using a unique magnet.


The fraction of solar energy (shortwave radiation) that is reflected from the Earth back into space. Ice, especially with snow on top of it, has a high albedo; most sunlight hitting the Earth's surface bounces back towards space. Water and land are much more absorbent and less reflective, so have lower albedo.


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import uiRouter from 'angular-ui-router';
import albumComponent from './album.component';

let albumModule = angular.module('album', [
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])
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


I am a Senior Portfolio Manager for the Kingston/Seaway District which spans West to Trenton, North to Bancroft and East to Gananoque. With 25 years of financial services and investment experience I have held a variety of roles including Tax Manager, Financial Consultant and Financial Planner.
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Want to encourage your children or grandchildren to learn a foreign language? Mr. Vivian Cook�s All In A Word, New York: Melville House (2009), suggests language-learning might be easier than we think.
Actually, the number of nouns (objects) and verbs (actions) you need to know are quite limited. Each have their equivalent terms in most of the modern languages. For example, one-year-old children just need to absorb the word for: I, go, come, went, up, day, was, look, are, the, this, do, me, like, going, big, she, and, they, my, on, away, Mum, it, at, play, no, yes, but, for, a, Dad, can, he, am, all, is, dog, cat, get, said, to, and in.
But adults, who need to move around, obtain food and shelter, get medical attention or obtain other help where a foreign language is spoken, need to know only 2,000 words. Moreover, understanding just 20 basic verbs allows one to converse just fine.
Common to most all languages are just 65 concepts that are needed to think and talk about: the relationship between things, to identify things, to quantify things, to express the quality of things, the size of things, to express emotions, to express time, to locate things, and so on.
So, if before tackling a foreign language you see the task as only having to learn 2,000 words, being able to conjugate just 20 basic verbs, and deal with only 65 or so concepts common to almost all languages, the task should not seem all that daunting.
Of course, the easiest and best way to learn a foreign language is by total immersion. Go to the target country, cut off all reading, hearing or seeing of your cradle language and live with a local family. In fact, that is the best way to get the accent right.
Or, if you can stand the stress, get Uncle Sam to send you to the Defense Language Institute (DLI). The methods used at DLI are as close to total immersion as one can experience while still remaining inside the United States. The objective is to produce intelligence agents who can work comfortably and effectively in foreign lands.
For the first six weeks, students are taught totally by ear. Seeing the target language in writing is forbidden. Speaking your native language is forbidden. Students are taught to mimic the instructors, all of whom are native-born, target-language speakers.
After the first hour of acting out sometimes-comical dialogues, different instructors with different regional accents are brought in throughout the day so the graduates will be able to operate in the various regions of the target nation. Each day, a choir master comes in for an hour to conduct a target-language sing-along.
The two-hour lunch break allows students to eat and take a brief, mind-refreshing nap before the next three hours of intensive instruction. At night, students listen to two hours of recorded language and then sleep on a pillow that softly plays the target language all night long. On weekends, students watch movies and TV programs in the target language. Uncle Sam demands his money�s worth. Living, eating, and drinking with a local family is a whole lot more fun.
Nationally syndicated columnist, William Hamilton, a DLI graduate, is a laureate of the Oklahoma Journalism Hall of Fame, the Nebraska Aviation Hall of Fame, the Colorado Aviation Hall of Fame, and the Oklahoma University Army ROTC Wall of Fame. In 2015, he was named an Outstanding Alumnus of the University of Nebraska. Dr. Hamilton is the author of The Wit and Wisdom of William Hamilton: the Sage of Sheepdog Hill, Pegasus Imprimis Press (2017). "Central View," can also be seen at: www.central-view.com.


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text:
Depot director speaks to Rotary
Dan Geohagan
ELKINS — Anne Beardslee, executive director of the Elkins Depot Welcome Center, made a presentation to the Elkins Rotary Club Monday.
Beardslee spoke about several upcoming events, including the 11th annual Ramps and Rail Festival, set for April 27. The festival continues to grow each year and she said Depot officials hope everyone will come out this year.
Attendees can try out different ramp-themed foods and listen to live music, enjoy crafts and vote for their favorite vendors.
"We were kind of relaxed today when we saw the weather," Beardslee said. "We are not going to have rain for the festival. You keep your fingers crossed all year that everything will go well."
The event has 52 vendors signed up this year, with 23 offering food and 29 craft vendors.
"We have a large group of vendors coming in," Beardslee said. "We will have music this year from the Phrawg Giggers and the Spice family is also going to perform for us."
The festivities will start at 10 a.m. and continue until 5 p.m. The Durbin & Greenbrier Valley Railroad will offer train rides to those who want to take one of the first rides of the year.
There also will be a silent auction. The silent auction will benefit the renewal of the Christmas lights used during the holiday season.


text:
Rebuilding Lake Okeechobee, Leaving Some Clues For the Next Generation, SLR/IRL
With my niece Evie Flaugh at Women of Distinction 2018. Evie was recognized for co-founding River Kidz seven years ago.
I hope everyone had a happy Mother's Day yesterday! One of our "around the table" family discussions went like this:
Jacqui:" I'm getting a new headshot this week because now my hair is gray."
Sister Jenny: "Why? Are you running for office?"
Jacqui:" No, not now. But I want my blog photo to look like me."
Sister Jenny: "Why!" 🙂
Whether it's my hair, or our natural landscape, things are always changing! I think it's important to let young people, like my niece Evie, Jenny's daughter, almost 18 and entering the world, know what our natural landscape looked like "before," as they will be dealing with water issues we can't even imagine.
One of the least documented changes of Florida is the demolition of the pond apple belt of Lake Okeechobee. I hope in time, the younger generation finds a way to recreate its original natural purpose that was to strain, slow down, and clean the lake water flowing south into the sawgrass plains of the Everglades. Another benefit was flood protection. Nature's adapted protections out-do mankind's every time…
Full image, Lake O pond apple belt. The Boyer Survey: An Archaeological Investigation of Lake Okeechobee, 2011.
The pond apple belt today is gone, replaced by the cities/areas of Port Mayaca, South Bay, Belle Glade, Pahokee, and Clewiston. The pond apples were torn out to access the value muck soil beneath them. Google Earth image.
In pre-drainage times, the original features of Lake Okeechobee helped contain it. There was the Okeechobee Sand Ridge; the Southern Ridge; the Spillover Lands; and the fossilized coral ridge.
The Sand Ridge extended from Martin County to Palm Beach County ~just north of Pahokee. There was a cut in this ridge where water could more easily escape east at today's historic village of Sand Cut along the eastern shoreline. Archaeologists believe this Sand Ridge running along the lake was an old shoreline. It is stated in the research of the Boyer Survey, An Archaeological Investigation of Lake Okeechobee, by Christian Davenport, Gregory Mount and George Boyer Jr., that only the eastern shore of Lake Okeechobee was "defined by a sand shore." Today the Army Corp has built a dike along and over this sand shore with the addition of extra boulders for protection. Very unattractive. The original pond apple forest would not just have been more lovely, but would have helped in times of storms ~ similar to how mangroves, even in front of a seawall, do today.
The Southern Ridge was a high muck ridge that had formed at the southern end of the lake and was located in a "massive belt of pond apple trees." This forest was completely mowed-down to access the deep muck for agricultural purposes. It was 32,000 acres! (Lawrence E. Will) The towns of *Port Mayaca, Pahokee, Belle Glade, South Bay, and Clewiston south today's Lake Okeechobee are located in what was once the pond apple forest. Surreal, isn't it?
These trees grow closely together and can get very large. They have weird roots kind of like mangroves. My husband Ed and I bought a lot along Overlook Drive in Stuart and oddly or interestingly enough in this area there are pond apple trees. According to the study, the original lands of Lake Okeechobee sloped towards the lake, meaning the lake would have been as much as two miles wider during periods of high water. (The forest and the shape of the land held the water in the lake.) Along the southern edge "dead rivers" cut through this muck ridge and were the primary outlet during times of high waters. (Boyer Survey)
Pond apple
Giant pond apple trunk, near Overlook Drive in Stuart, FL.2017.JTL
Florida Memory photo, pond apples belt at rim of dead river/creek. John Kunzel Small 1869-1938.
Spillover Lands was the archeological term for the lower-sawgrass plains extending beyond the southern side of the pond apple forest. Here sheet flow was created that moved and melded into the Everglades, basically a littoral marsh.
By the way the "dead rivers" were anything but dead, some very deep and very long. The word "dead" was applied as some of the original explores could not find "the end," and I believe this word suits today's powers well as the word "dead" makes one think they had no life. The complete opposite is the truth. They were full of life! All the animals of the Everglades, including hundreds of birds colonies lived in these areas that were completely DESTROYED.
The final formation mentioned in the Boyer Survey is an ancient Fossilized Coral Ridge (Reef) that runs from approximately Okeelanta to Immokalee. In pre-drainage times, this muck covered reef caused a higher elevation that is thought to have helped retain some of the water within the Spillover Lands during times of low water. Hmmm? Another Nature feature that works better than our manmade ideas for drought protection today – deep well injection, and other brilliant ideas….
Well, I hope you enjoyed today's lesson! And I hope some young people like my niece Evie in the photo at the beginning of this blog read this post some day. Gray hair can be dyed or glorified, but the natural features of Lake Okeechobee in the heart of Florida, they must be rebuilt as part of today's modern eco-system.
River Kidz workbook 2, "mythical pond apple forest,"
Julia Kelly, 2014.
Former posts on the Pond Apple Forest, JTL:
Agriculture's Eradication of the Mythical Pond Apple Forest, Lake Okeechobee,SLR/IRL: https://jacquithurlowlippisch.com/tag/pond-apple-tree/
What the Muck? SLR/IR: Lhttps://jacquithurlowlippisch.com/tag/historic-pond-apple-forest/
Remembering Lake Okeechobee's Moon Flower This Easter, SLR/IRL: https://jacquithurlowlippisch.com/tag/moonvine/
1850s map of Florida
May 14, 2018 Lake Okeechobee, Uncategorized2011, An Archaeological Investigation of Lake Okeechobee, Boyer Survey, changing natural landscape, dead rivers, fossilized coral ridge, gray hair, historic pond apple forest, Leaving Some Clues For the Next Generation, next generation, photos pond apple trees, Pond apple Belt, pond apple forest, Rebuilding Lake Okeechobee, restoring the natural landscape, River Kidz, Sand Ridge, SLR/IRL, Southern Ridge, Spillover Lands, teaching the next generation how things were so they can rebuild, The Boyer SurveyJacqui Thurlow-Lippisch
← New Mexico's Native People, What About the People of Lake O, SLR/IRL Physiographic Regions of Lake Okeechobee, What's That? SLR/IRL →
6 thoughts on "Rebuilding Lake Okeechobee, Leaving Some Clues For the Next Generation, SLR/IRL"
Dale M Hudson says:
VERY INTERESTING JACQUI
Nick Nickrson says:
Were these pond apple forests around Pahokee originally called custard apple trees?
Yes. Custard apple is the local name.
patricia mccarty says:
Fascinating and wonderful post, thank you! It must have magically beautiful back then!
Thank you Patricia!
Rick Langdon says:
Kudos again Jacqui, for your fine research and another excellent write-up "introducing" the folks on the coast to The Lake "O" area – as it used to be, pre Glades development. Again though I needs to be stressed that the historic, and natural, Lake Okeechobee overflow elevation was in the range of 22′ to 24′ (rather than it now drained and controlled elevation range of 13.5 – 15.5′
The following is a "similar" excerpt passage from a much longer post I made Ten years ago following the announcement that a "Deal" had been reached for the State of Florida to repurchase ALL of the USSC lands and properties in the EAA. (This excerpt is from an addition that I made to that original posting as it related to the FEC's Kississimmee Valley Branch Line, and what remains of that… the "K-Line Branch" running from Ft. Pierce to Lake Harbor.
FEC's current Lake Harbor Branch Line (still, aka The K-LINE) originates at the Ft. Pierce Junction just South of the Ft. Pierce Yard, North of Savannas Rd, and 3/4 mile East of U.S. Hwy 1. From there it runs generally Southeast to what "was" the "shoreline " of Lake Okeechobee at "Mantola". About 29 miles out, at "Marcy" it crosses SR 710 – The Bee Line Highway between Indian Town and Okeechobee. Marcy is only a place name now, but it still shows up in Google Earth and DeLorme's "Florida Atlas and Gazetteer, Pg 102). It continues about 0.3 miles Southwest where it curves to the Southeast and joins "the old" Lake Harbor Branch line at "Mantola" (MP 30.0 on the "new" branch = MP 153.0 on the "old" Lake Harbor Branch). This section, "The Ft. Pierce Cut-off" was opened March 8, 1947 and earned a two page article in the May 1947 issue of Trains Magazine. [ Page 48 / Page 49] ( Thanks to Noel Weaver for the copy of this article from his collection. ) "Mantola" is 11.2 miles Northwest of the lift bridge crossing the St. Lucie Canal at Port Mayaka, adjacent to SR 76 / The Kanner Hwy. Page 49 of this "Trains Magazine article has an EXCELLENT PHOTO illustration of the this cut-off tracks construction, directly on the sand, where an elevated embankment was not required – prior to the track being ballasted.. The article also describes well the topography and elevations of the land from Ft. Pierce to Mantola where it joined the "old" Lake Harbor Branch Line's Route down the East side of Lake "O". The topopography of the entire existing K-Line is illustrated in the K-Line Track charts that I've scanned and included at the bottom of this article.
SR709 (The Glades Cut-Off Road) parallels 16 miles this track with "little" development and NO curves – offering great ""Old Florida" rural photo opportunities and paceing trackage.
Between "Mantola" and The St. Lucie Canal the line passes along the west side of the cooling lakes at FPL's Indiantown Power plant.
[NOTE: The "Rim of the Okechobee Basin" is Elevation 41.0 and is crossed in the "Glades cut-off Section" of the Lake Harbor Branch, MP 22.5,. from there to Port Mayaca it crosses the Allapatah Flats and around the SouthEast corner of Lake O and the southern Edge of Lake "O" it was built on the sand ridge which formed the rim of The Lake.. From Port Mayaca around the Southeast Corner to about 1 mile past South Bay (MP 40.5 – MP 66.9 the track bed is at Elevation 20.0. From South Bay to Lake Harbor (MP 66.9 – 70.9) the track bed is at Elevation 19.0. Also "of note" relative to the historic Lake "O" elevation range previously noted as Elev 22 – 24, is that this Eastern and Southern edge of the lake was COVERED with an extreamly dense growth of Custard Apple and Moon Vines stretching from 3/4 mile to a mile and a half back from the lakes edge. This created something similar to a "Bevear's Dam" between The Lake and the Historic Everglades flow way. This was the "first" land reclaimed with the draining of The Lake, the first land farmed, and the first farm land "protected" from Lake "O" with the early muck dikes. The "~0.2′ per mile" average slope from the northern reaches of this historic Everglades flow way to Florida Bay is based on an elevation of 19.0′ at it's upper reaches.]
The line then continues around the Southeast corner of Lake "O" through the present towns or communities of Sand Cut, Canal Point, Pahokee, Belle Glade, South Bay, and on to Lake Harbor at the North end of the Miami Canal – midway between South Bay and Clewiston. FEC trackage ends at the west side of the bridge over the Miami Canal where it joins up with SCFE (former ACL/SAL, former ACL) trackage. It is still in use, as a freight line, on a near daily basis. From MP 15 to the end of this line at MP 70.9 the "K-Line" is currently leased to USSC's South Central Florida Express. (It's been "rumored" that this FEC/SCFE lease was terminated prior to the FEC's aquisition by the Fortress Investment Group in 2007.) The FEC still services customers along the 1st 15 miles of the K-Line East of the historic Cana community and Range Line Rd. (aka Allapatah Rd / SR 609) – most notable among these customers is the Ft. Pierce Tropicana Juice Plant just East of I-95.
Link to the full article:
http://rickinbham.tripod.com/TownOfSIRD/K-Line/Sale_of_USSC_1.htm#FEC_K_Branch


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Gap Year In Ghost Town was absolutely hilarious, endearing, and (surprise) full of ghosts.
I really really like ghost stories and can never find enough. Like what's more fun than starting off with half your cast dead?!? I know right?! Epic. But the real reason this book won me over was: it's downright hilarious. Anton is an absolute talkative, adorakble, stupid, and heartwarming bucket of SASS. As much as I like a dark YA hero, I am so here for the talkative and happy ones. We need them!
But seriously…ghosts and humour? It's made for me.
DID I MENTION GHOSTS? Basically Anton and his dad own a small-home-owned ghost hunting business! But instead of killing ghosts, they put them at rest and send them calmly into the next life. These are chill Hufflepuff ghost hunting lads and I loved them.
THE PLOT INCLUDES A TON OF WILD ACTION. Because ghosts know very little chill ghosts, which is Reason #848 I probably am actually a ghost. They're so relatable?? But anyway. There are Secret Bad Organisations™ and ghosts trying to eat your liver and organised ghost crime. Plus — THEY FIGHT WITH SWORDS. We need more swords in modern literature. I want a sword. I feel validated reading this book.
ANTON IS SO FREAKING FUNNY. The sheer amount of wit, snappy comebacks, and hilarious banter gave me life. At first I thought Anton might be a little tacky, but pffft, nooooo. He was charming and endearing and totally stupid. I love him.
A platonic girl/boy friendship. Bec and Anton are BFF with 0% romantic feelings.
I REALLY LOVED RANI TOO! She's a ghost hunter from London who kind of believes in KILL ALL THE THINGS while Anton is trying to sing kumbaya here. She has a sword, okay? A sword!!!!! She's also Chinese/Malaysian/British and has 0% time for your shenanigans.
THERE'S EVEN A LOT OF BOOK APPRECIATION. Anton and his dad run a bookshop between killing ghosts. He always takes a book with him (even on deathly missions) so basically was ever a book boy so perfect.
I have a phone charger, my pro standard GPS unit, a water bottle, a book and an e-reader just in case I finish my book. Can't be without a book.
DID I MENTION IT WAS SO HILARIOUS. Because that is what gives me life.
IT LEFT ME WITH A TON OF QUESTIONS. Which means I desperately want a sequel because there's so much depth to this world and these ghost-hunting people. It felt like Supernatural, but in book form! And heck yes, I love books revolving around ghosts and the paranormal world!
I ADMIT…I FELT THE STAKES WERE A BIT LOW. They didn't seem written to be low, but I just felt none of the action scenes escalated to "ooh this is scary" levels. It was just a bit comfortable. I'm not saying all books should be uber dark (ALTHOUGH I WISH) I just wanted to be scared of the ghosts?? It also made the finale a bit easy.
AND AS MUCH AS I ADORED ANTON, I THINK HIS FLIPPANT TONE MADE IT HARD FOR THE BOOK TO GO DEEPER EMOTIONALLY. It's not impossible. The Gentleman's Guide to Vice and Virtue has a similar tone with a sassy/flippant narrator, but it packs an emotional punch too. So I just wanted more feels! Anton turned every scene into a joke…and not complaining because I'm laughing but yet???? I wanted more depth.
AND HONESTLY I THINK THE CHARACTERS' AGES WERE ALL WRONG. Obviously it's a "Gap Year" in ghost tow….aka, the characters have finished high school and are 18. But the tone and style was more like younger YA. I would say 12+ would love this. Not to say younger kids can't read about older kids, but I just felt the target audience was a bit of a mess. Plus Anton felt more 15 than 18.
This was such a pleasant, fun and ghostly surprise!
I thoroughly enjoyed myself and I adore Anton and PLEASE LET HIM NEVER CHANGE. He's a dork and totally endearing.
It focuses on friendship and family and SWORDS (!!!) and fighting ghosts and conspiracy theories. And can we appreciate the fantastic cover art for a second?!? Because I have much love.
THANK YOU TO ALLEN & UNWIN AUSTRALIA FOR THE REVIEW-COPY. Gap Year In Ghost Town by Michael Pryor was published August, 2017.
do you prefer dark/tortured heroes or sassy/hilarious ones??? tell me about a book with a totally hilarious narrator? and HAVE YOU READ THIS ONE? because you should.
Sounds good! And as for the book, two words. Hook's Revenge. Because I FREAKING LOVE THE NARRATOR.
I need to look that one up clearly!
i LOVE sassy hilarious narrators, especially if it's a bit of a spooky story because it makes it a bit lighter. I haven't read this book but I'll look out for it.
A books with a hilarious narrator? Percy Jackson. definetly. there isn't really a narrator in Skulldugery Pleasant by Derek Landy but it's still hilarious!!!
Have you read the Lockwood & co series by Johnathon Stroud? there's also ghosts and swords and cake. It's the only creepy books I enjoy!!!
Percy Jackson is a FABULOUSLY sassy narrator! This does have a similar voice to Percy so like…insta love.😂 And I have heard of the Lockwood & Co series but not read them yet. I neeeeeed to.
OMG… *DEEP BREATH* Ever since I read the word "TIM TAM" all I've been thinking about is Tim Tams. UGH ITS BEEN 11 YEARS SINCE I HAD A PROPER TIM TAM OR LAMINGTON. WHAT, WUT.
This book seems fabulous, the sass seems straight up my street and Anton seems like a huge cute=y sass ghost killing ball URGH I'll have to add it to my tbr.
DEFINITELY ADD IT. YOUR TBR IS WELCOME.
My TBR THANKS YOU DEARLY.
I've only seen one other review for this book (I forget where though….) but the reviewer found it to be very funny as well! I love the idea of having Supernatural in book form (especially if it is more like the earlier episodes… which are my favorite). Anton sounds super entertaining, and hopefully if I read it I will be able to look past the fact that he sounds a little young. I usually find sarcastic and witty MC's to be pretty entertaining (or really annoying… there's a fine line in there), so hopefully I will love Anton too!
I also really like the fact that the author is writing about his hometown. It really gets on my nerves when foreign authors try to place their characters in a city or country they obviously don't know much about (which is one of the things that annoyed me SO MUCH about The Love Interest).
I can't wait to get my hands on a copy of this and read it for myself!
I miss the earlier episodes of Supernatural too.😂 (Trying not to take it to personally that they've RUINED SEASON 12 OMGGG. *rants quietly to the moon*) Anyway. Back to the book. :') It is super entertaining and I totally get you with that "fine line" between entertaining and annoying.😂At first I thought Anton was going to be a bit tacky, but I just ended up being fully in love with the story!
UM, how have I never heard of this book before!? It sounds so, so good! I mean, my current TBR pile is cursing you, but I'll definitely be picking it up (eventually.) I literally cannot remember what the last ghost-y book I read was! I definitely adore sassy hero/heroines. In fact, the more sass, the better! (As long as it suits the tone of the book!) My sci fi WIP has a superrrr sassy/arrogant MC and GOSH was that fun to write.
YOU MEAN YOUR CURRENT TBR LOVES ME. *twirls happily* 😂 Tbh I haven't heard much about it either yet? Which is ridiculous because it is a thing of glory. And sassy/happy narrators are in short supply and I want more of them.
I LOVE me some sass in my MCs, and hilarity is a must. I also really like how you're saying there's actually a platonic relationship for once? It's crazy because there's SO MANY of these IRL but not in books and why? IDK. I am looking forward to this one, though.
I KNOW RIGHT?! So beautiful and refreshing to have more platonic friendships in books! The whole book just ticks SO many boxes of awesome!
Ghosts and no romance? YES!
SO MANY GOOD THINGS I CAN'T EVEN.
I've seen it on goodreads but I wasn't sure. Again. you managed to add books to my list and my waller cries and cries.
YOU AND YOUR WALLET ARE MOST WELCOME. *flails majestically and runs away screaming* But you should totally read something set in Australia soon!! We have a most glorious country. :') And like agreed: where are all our ghost books at?!? NEED.
AHH THIS SOUNDS AMAZING! I love SPN so I'm always on the lookout for ghost/hunters stories, but Anna Dressed in Blood really dissapoint me 🙁 This one sounds fun and totally amazing, I can't wait to read it!
I've been recommended that so many times now I REALLY have to get to it!!
That's a difficult question, but I think I would have to go with sassy/hilarious. My favorite heroine is Charley Davidson in Grave series by Darynda Jones. Even re-reading those books, I always crack up laughing. Like wake-my-husband-up-in-the-middle-of-the-night-from-howling-laughter, laughter. She's quirky and super sarcastic and I'm still in love with her 12 books in.
OMGGGG THAT'S INSANE. 😳😳😳 Can you request your library get it maybe?
i think i'm just here for the supernatural gifs at this point.
i'm torn because i love mah dark heroes but aLSO the sassy ones give me life. so. if i had to choose, it would the ones that use sass to cover up their darkness. so basically both.
I love the title in this book! And also the new flowers are ON POINT! <3 I don't know what to answer to your question… sassy/hilarious characters are my FAVORITE and I love them so much, but also, who doesn't love dark, tortured souls? Moody, mysterious characters are also amazing. I really cannot choose!
The title is SO fabulous! I'm just loving so much about this book.😂 And like I do like the dark/tortured souls too, omg they are precious tragic cinnamons. BUT it is nice to have someone who's a little more happier sometimes, I agree! WE NEED BOTH.
This book sounds awesome! I'm definitely adding it to my tbr! I love sassy and quick witted characters. Love them! Have you tried Trouble is a Friend of Mine by Stephanie Tromly? It's a trilogy. There is some romance but the characters are so much like Sherlock and Watson (Watson's a girl though!!) with all the quick sassy comebacks. There are mysteries and Digby (that's Sherlock!) drags Zoe (Watson) into a lot of trouble. It's actually quite hilarious. It was one of the first books I got in an Owlcrate box.
I really want to read that one! I have it added!
I've been seeing this book EVERYWHERE. I kind of love that it's about teens out of high school, but a shame that they still felt too young 🙁 I really want more 18/19 year old protagonists in YA because they are still teenagers! And learning! And growing! And going through teenagery stuff.
I much prefer dark and tortured heroes. They are lovable. And I feel more protective love towards them? I LOVE THEM, OKAY.
I was worried this'd be cringey, but IT WASN'T!
CAIT! You had me at "heartwarming bucket of SASS." Seriously. I didn't even finish reading your review because I NEED TO MEET ANTON. I just know. Plus, yes coffee love and Tim Tam and #AussieAuthorRepresent! Totally sold, is basically what I'm saying! Will be on the look out for this book here in the Philippines.
OMG THIS MAKES MY DAY!! I'm always so pleased to convince someone to read a good book.😂😂And SO much Aussie author appreciation!! I really hope you can find it!
DUDE. You had me at coffee. *aggressively needs this book* I JUST STALKED THE INTERNET AND THEY DON'T HAVE IT AT MY LIBRARY AND THEY DON'T HAVE IT WHERE I CAN BUY IT WITHIN A SANE PRICE RANGE AND NOW I'M SAD 🙁 I'll read it one day though. IT'S AT THE TOP OF MY WISH LIST. CAUSE COFFEE.
DEFINITELY READING THIS. I need all the ghost books in my life.
omg this sounds hilarious!! I love books that make me snort and spit coffee across the room. It's great, also it gets me some *fabuous* looks from people. It's priceless.
That target audience makes absolute no sense at all? Like, at least in my experience, WHAT 12 YEAR OLD DRINKS COFFEE??? No 12 year old, I say.
Haha, well I mean, the target audience I assume is supposed to be upper teens finishing highschool? But I personally felt it had a more 12+ year old tone. That was my thinking though! Wouldn't be everyone's!
sass. sass. sass. This sounds for sure like something I would enjoy.
When trying to think of an hilarious narrator, the first book that popped into my mind was "The Year of Yes" by Shonda Rhimes, which was non-fiction, but super hilarious and fed my soul….
But yes, ghost books, and I mean not the scary ones, are just so cool. There should be more… I think I should check this one out.
Also, I shouldn't have googled Tim Tams. Now I am sad they don't sell those here.
And those quotes are super cute. The book one? So much YES.
This sounds fairly great. Bumping this up on my to buy list haha.
Ahoy there matey. Thanks fer letting me know about this one. I be excited. Of course who knows when in the world I will have time to read it. But I will!
Oooh, this sounds pretty good, Cait! I'll definitely have to keep an eye out for it. Anton sounds awesome!
I don't mind dark/tortured heroes, but I like the hilarious ones, too. I think there's been a bit too much sass recently, though. It's still funny, but I'm getting a bit tired of it. I'd like to see characters show their humour in other ways now. I actually can't think of any hilarious narrators right now, own books themselves that are funny due to awkward situations or whatever. I'll have to have a think.
Awww, I'm sad you're tired of the sass, but I understand! It doesn't work for everyone!😂 This is like totally my style of humour though, so as long as it's quick-witted and self-depreciating, I AM SO THERE.
This sounds like just the kind of book I have been looking for.
This one sounds interesting. Swords definitely interest me. That sounds weird, but it would be so cool to use swords. Also I love that it is set in Melbourne because I have family that live there and was I only there a month or so ago. Definitely think this one goes onto my TBR list. Great review.
Although I love watching shows like Supernatural, I never really thought about reading a book of that style because they just don't seem so attractive to me. However, your review of Gap Year in Ghost Town kinda made me really want to read it! I think I would enjoy the humor–and the refreshing lack of romance!
*hurries to Goodreads to add to TBR* Sounds like the sort of thing I may well enjoy reading (and have enjoyed writing)! Dark matter handled with humor? Charming, chatty narrators? Ghosts and swoooooords? I'm here for all of it! Plus I really liked all the comp titles you listed at the end, so there you are.
Yayyy I'm so glad it caught your attention! SO MUCH GHOSTLY APPRECIATION.


Engine swap part two underway. I decided I wanted more room and I wanted to redo my engine mounts before I out the new engine in.
I have had a GM 6.2 in my Range Rover for almost a year. And it was a bit of a hurried install. Lots of work. While I like the motor. An opportunity to buy a 6.5 turbo diesel out of a 2002 bus. It has a center mounted turbo. Upgraded stronger block and better flowing heads.
I started by cutting out the front cross member. Boxing in the frame and welding in a new piece of 2x4 tubing.
Monday will be the rebuilding of the engine mounts and plating the frame. I'm.moving them up about 2 inches higher in the frame.
Designed some new engine mounts that I'll have cut out of 1/4" plate.
Up next is the frame plating. Just need to get some measurements in there next.
The new engine for the Range Rover is getting cleaned up and some love. New turbo diesel 6.5 liter.
Turbo is installed. Heat wrap is installed. First time doing it. Luckily no one will really see it. Test fit coming soon.
Tomorrow we test fit. Part of my oil cooler parts and my engine mounts.
Engine is bolted into my mounts. Might be able to fire it up tomorrow or next week.
And make sure u have LARGE RADIATOR To keep it cool.
Oh and this engine is 800lb, make sure the coil springs are up to the job , old man emu heavy duty springs won't do the job.
I used Ford F-350 springs on mine.
I may change springs later on. Right now I have a 2" spacer lift and HD OME springs. They seem to be holding it up just fine. I'll probably truss the front axle though. Its a little more weight than standard, I don't need a bent axle. Or I may go with Dana 60's front and rear. Time will tell. I'd like to run 35's on it eventually.
I'm building my own wastegate controller out of the stock vacuum unit. Going to set it for around 10 psi. Then I'll add an intercooler later on. I think stock boost is around 6 psi.
I still need to adjust the fuel after rebuilding the pump. That's the one mistake I made. Not knowing where it was originally set. But the manual has that info and I'll figure it out.
I have a 4 core aluminum radiator, but I think I'm going to need something larger. Still looking at options, been playing with the idea of doing dual radiators, and big mercedes electric fans.
I also somehow mirrored the video on my phone. So I now have a right hand drive.
Make sure to also build manual glow plugs heater using ford starter solenoid and momentary switch, super easy to do and makes the system bulletproof.


text:
A Real Man
One of the pleasures of working with the military special operations community is all of the stories that the guys share around the evening campfire when we've finished the day's teachings.
We have one unit in particular that we have been working with for many years and the unit's NCO, Mike, shared a great tale with us involving a camping trip he went on with his 14-year-old daughter who he visits with each summer.
Mike had taken his daughter Ashley on a 3-day campout in the forests of Pennsylvania. One evening, he wanted to show her how to make fire by friction, using the bow-drill. He had cut down a cedar branch and used it for his fireboard and drill while securing a maple branch for the bow. Using his bootlace for the bowstring and a chunk of maple for the handhold, he created a primitive fire in mere minutes. His daughter sat entranced the whole time, watching her father's finesse with the ancient skill. When Mike was done, she immediately grabbed the primitive tools and looked them over, yearning to recreate fire as her father had. It was a proud moment for Mike. They spent the rest of the evening working on survival skills, carving spoons, and laughing about other trips together.
Fast forward two weeks to Ashley's birthday party at her mom and stepdad's house. Amidst a crowd of friends and family, Ashley's stepdad is ready to light a blaze in the backyard fire pit. He returns from the garage with a stack of newspaper, matches, and a can of lighter fluid. Ashley moves forward in disgust at her stepdad's materials and declared, "A real man can make a fire with his bare hands and some sticks. A real man doesn't need to use matches or a lighter!"
An awkward silence enshrouded the guests as a frostbitten expression slid over her stepdad's face. Ashley's mom quickly stepped in and plucked her daughter from the crowd while comforting her husband.
Later that night, Mike got a call from his daughter recounting the whole story and could barely restrain his laughter. However, Mike said his ex-wife had another take on the story and its long-lasting ripple effect at the party.
***This story is an excerpt from Tony's new book, Life Under Open Skies: Adventures in Bushcraft. Available on Kindle, Nook, Kobo, and other digital platforms.***


text:
Grant Received from U.S. Soccer Foundation
March 17, 2016 /in 2016, Press Release /by PPCS
Peter & Paul Community Services (PPCS) was recently awarded a grant of $15,000 from the U.S. Soccer Foundation, the preeminent funding entity for sports-based youth development in underserved communities. Click here to read the full News Release.
https://ppcsinc.org/wp-content/uploads/PP-Web-Logo_920x260.png 0 0 PPCS https://ppcsinc.org/wp-content/uploads/PP-Web-Logo_920x260.png PPCS2016-03-17 13:57:322017-03-31 16:45:50Grant Received from U.S. Soccer Foundation
Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation Awards PPCS
April 15, 2015 /in 2015, Press Release /by PPCS
Peter and Paul Community Services is excited to announce a new grant award from the Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation. In August 2015 we received a $17,000 grant for our Positive Directions (PD) program. Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation funds will support occupancy costs and activities that we have not been able to fund in the past such as providing durable medical equipment to PD residents with acute illnesses such as cancer, mental health counseling services for PD residents in need of intensive psychological counseling, housing application fees and medications for residents without health insurance and who are not eligible for Medicaid.
Being supported and recognized by a national foundation such as the Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation is a great honor. We truly appreciate their support of and belief in our mission. We also want to recognize the Positive Directions program staff. Their ability to help clients reach their goals and track outcomes has also enabled the agency to attract national support from the MAC AIDS Fund and Broadway Cares/Equity Fights AIDS
https://ppcsinc.org/wp-content/uploads/PP-Web-Logo_920x260.png 0 0 PPCS https://ppcsinc.org/wp-content/uploads/PP-Web-Logo_920x260.png PPCS2015-04-15 15:15:382017-03-31 16:44:56Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation Awards PPCS
Sons & Daughters of Soulard 2015 Kick Off Campaign
March 4, 2015 /in 2015, Press Release /by PPCS
The Sons & Daughters of Soulard is a newly formed organization of business owners who have banded together to support Peter and Paul Community Services in Soulard. With over 1300 homeless in the St. Louis area, Peter and Paul Community Services operates a food pantry that serves 220 meals per week and a men's shelter that houses 70 men per night. It is a nationally recognized program that provides hope to the homeless. The Sons & Daughters of Soulard are business owners who believe in the mission of Peter and Paul, and support that philosophy with good fellowship and financial donations.
The Sons & Daughters of Soulard will hold its 2015 Kick Off Campaign Event:
When: March 4, 2015.
Where: Soulard's Restaurant, 1731 South Seventh Street, St. Louis, MO 63104
Heavy appetizers and cocktails.
https://ppcsinc.org/wp-content/uploads/PP-Web-Logo_920x260.png 0 0 PPCS https://ppcsinc.org/wp-content/uploads/PP-Web-Logo_920x260.png PPCS2015-03-04 15:18:132017-03-31 16:44:51Sons & Daughters of Soulard 2015 Kick Off Campaign
Bill Salzman Named PPCS Board Chair
January 20, 2015 /in 2015, Press Release /by PPCS
Bill Salzman was named the PPCS Board Chair in January 2015.
https://ppcsinc.org/wp-content/uploads/PP-Web-Logo_920x260.png 0 0 PPCS https://ppcsinc.org/wp-content/uploads/PP-Web-Logo_920x260.png PPCS2015-01-20 15:23:182017-03-31 16:44:44Bill Salzman Named PPCS Board Chair
Archbishop Robert Carlson Mass of Thanksgiving and Blessing of Garfield Commons
Archbishop Robert Carlson officiated the Mass of Thanksgiving and the Blessing of Garfield Commons January 15, 2015
https://ppcsinc.org/wp-content/uploads/PP-Web-Logo_920x260.png 0 0 PPCS https://ppcsinc.org/wp-content/uploads/PP-Web-Logo_920x260.png PPCS2015-01-15 15:25:202017-03-31 16:44:39Archbishop Robert Carlson Mass of Thanksgiving and Blessing of Garfield Commons
Annual Volunteer Appreciation Party
December 19, 2014 /in 2014, Press Release /by PPCS
The Volunteer Appreciation Party to be held at David Bailey's downtown Rooster Restaurant! Congrats to all of our 2014 Award Recipients!
https://ppcsinc.org/wp-content/uploads/PP-Web-Logo_920x260.png 0 0 PPCS https://ppcsinc.org/wp-content/uploads/PP-Web-Logo_920x260.png PPCS2014-12-19 15:27:512017-03-31 16:44:31Annual Volunteer Appreciation Party
PPCS Opens Garfield Commons Safe Haven
November 19, 2014 /in 2014, Press Release /by PPCS
Click here to read the full News Release.
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News/Features/Success Stories
'Neuro Blooms' shines a light on neurodiversityDecember 28, 2022 - 12:31 pm
Neuro Blooms | Beautiful Brains as Public Art Coming to St. LouisSeptember 22, 2022 - 12:07 pm
Outside the Shelter DoorSeptember 21, 2022 - 3:59 pm
St. Louis' largest men's shelter is under new management againAugust 8, 2022 - 1:17 pm
St. Louis nonprofits after record rainfallJuly 27, 2022 - 2:52 pm
PPCS to Become the Operator of BHOCJuly 26, 2022 - 4:00 am
Parson signs bill to stop homeless sleeping on the streetsJuly 7, 2022 - 4:30 am
Tom Burnham's Letter to the EditorMay 9, 2022 - 11:34 am


text:
\section{Introduction}
 \subsection{ The problem and its setting}
A number is {\it simply normal to base $b$} if
its base $b$ expansion has each digit appearing with average
frequency tending to $b^{-1}$. It is {\it normal to base $b$} if its
base $b$ expansion has each block of $n$ digits
appearing with average frequency tending to $b^{-n}$. A number is called
{\it normal}
if it is normal to base $b$ for every base. For a more detailed
introductory discussion we refer to chapter 8 of \cite{ni:ir} or section 9.11 of \cite{hw:tn}.
The most important theorem about normal numbers is the celebrated result
(1909) of E. Borel in which he proved the normality of almost all
numbers with respect to Lebesgue measure (for a proof see section 9.13 of \cite{hw:tn}; an elegant probability proof using the strong law of large numbers appears in \cite{jl:mt}, p. 43).

Borel's theorem left open the question,
however, of identifying specific numbers as normal, or even
exhibiting a common irrational simply normal number.
In this paper we exhibit a class of numbers simply normal to the base 2.
More precisely, we prove
\begin{theorem} \label{snb2} Let $s$ be a natural number which is not a perfect
square. Then the dyadic (base 2) expansion of $\sqrt{s}$ is simply normal.  \end{theorem}
Consider  numbers $\omega$ in the closed unit interval $\Omega$, and represent the dyadic expansion of $\omega$ as
\begin{equation}
\omega=.x_{1}x_{2} \cdots ,\hspace{.4in} x_{i}=0 \mbox{ or } 1.  \label{expom}
\end{equation}
Also of interest is the dyadic expansion of $\nu=\omega^{2}$:
\begin{equation} \label{xu}
 \nu=\omega^{2}=.u_{1}u_{2} \cdots, \hspace{.4in} u_{i}=0 \mbox{ or } 1. \end{equation}
 It is sometimes convenient to refer to the expansion of $\omega$ as an $x$ sequence and the expansion of $\nu$ as a $u$ sequence.

  \subsection{Tail functions, coordinate averages}
Given any  expansion $.x_{1}x_{2}\cdots$ and any natural number $n$, the sequence of digits $x_{n}, x_{n+1}, \cdots$ is called a {\it tail} of the expansion. Two expansions are said to have the same tail if there exists $n$ so large that the tails of the sequences from the $n$th digit are equal.
 The function $g$ is called a {\it tail function} with respect to a set of expansions  if any tail of $\omega$ determines $g(\omega)$ for every $\omega$ in the set. This means that for every natural number $n$ there is a function $g_{n}$ defined on the sequence $x_{n},x_{n+1}, \cdots$ such that
 \begin{equation} \label{ttail} g(x_{1},x_{2},\cdots)=g_{n}(x_{n},x_{n+1} \cdots). \end{equation}
 If $\omega_{1}$ and $\omega_{2}$ have the same tail and $g$ is a tail function, then  $g(\omega_{1})=g(\omega_{2}).$

 The average
\begin{equation} \label{aver}
f_{n}(\omega)= \frac{x_{1}+x_{2}+\cdots+x_{n}}{n} \end{equation}
is the relative frequency of 1's in the first $n$ digits of the expansion of $\omega$. Simple normality for $\omega$ is the assertion that $f_{n}(\omega) \rightarrow 1/2$ as $n$ tends to infinity.
 Let $n_{k}$ be any fixed subsequence and define \begin{equation} \label{ff}
f(\omega)= \limsup_{k \rightarrow \infty} f_{n_{k}}(\omega). \end{equation}
$f$ depends, of course, on the subsequence $n_{k}$.
Note that  the function $f$ is a tail function with respect to the $x$  sequence.

\subsection{$f_{n}$  and $f$ written as  functions $h_{n}$ and $h$ of the $u$ variables} \label{ffo}
Observe that the average $f_{n}(\omega)$, defined in terms of the $x$ sequence, can also be expressed as a function $h_{n}(\nu)$ of the $u$ sequence because the $x$ and $u$ sequences uniquely determine each other. This relationship has the simple form
$f_{n}(\omega)=f_{n}(\sqrt{\nu})=h_{n}(\nu)$. Define $h(\nu)= \limsup_{k} h_{n_{k}}(\nu)$; then clearly
$f(\omega)=h(\nu)$.

\section{Proof of theorem~\ref{snb2}}
     \label{pts2}
     Let $s$ be a natural number which is not a perfect
square, and let $l$ be any positive integer such that $2^{l} > s$.
Define the numbers
\[\omega_{s_{1}}=1-(\sqrt{s}/2^{2l})  \]
and
\[ \omega_{s_{2}}=(\sqrt{s}-1)/2^{l}.  \]

 The numbers $\omega_{s_{i}}$ are less than 1 for
$i=1, 2$ and their squares are  given respectively  by
\begin{eqnarray} \label{twopts}
    \nu_{s_{1}}=1+s(2^{-4l})-(2^{-2l+1} \sqrt{s}) \mbox{  and  }
 \nu_{s_{2}} = (s+1)2^{-2l}-(2^{-2l+1} \sqrt{s}). \end{eqnarray}
Let us study what the expansions of the numbers in relation~\ref{twopts} look like.
The  expansions of the rational terms $1+s(2^{-4l})$ and $(s+1)2^{-2l}$
 have only a finite number of non-zero digits.
 The  expansion of the term $2^{-2l+1} \sqrt{s}$\,
is obtained from the expansion of
$\sqrt{s}$ by shifting the ``decimal'' point $2^{2l-1}$ places to the
left. To get each of the values in relation~\ref{twopts}, this term
must be subtracted from each of the larger rational terms which
have terminating expansions. Let $\sqrt{s}=.s_{1}s_{2}\cdots$.
Then the expansions of the squares  look something like the following example:
\begin{eqnarray} \label{sub}
A,1- .000\cdots s_{1}s_{2}s_{3}\cdots &=&A, 0 11\cdots -.000\cdots s_{1}s_{2}s_{3} \cdots\\
& =& B, (1-s_{k})\, (1-s_{k+1}) \cdots \nonumber \end{eqnarray}
Here $A,1$  represents the rational term, a finite sequence of digits $A$ followed by a terminal 1. Subtracted from this is the expansion of the shifted $\sqrt{s}$.
To perform the subtraction, change the rational term into an infinite expansion by replacing the
terminal 1 with 0 and all following  0 digits to 1's. The result is an expansion having an initial segment of  digits B followed by a tail of the sequence  $1-s_{i}$. It is important to note that because the shift of $\sqrt{s}$ is the same for both $\nu_{s_{1}}$ and $\nu_{s_{2}}$, the indices $i$ of the  tail terms  $1-s_{i}$ on the right hand side of relation~\ref{sub} are the same for fixed tail digits of both points. Conclude that: \\
{\it the expansions of  $\nu_{s_{1}}$ and  $\nu_{s_{2}}$ have the same tail. This tail is a tail of the sequence $1-s_{i}$}.

Examine now the expansions of the $\omega_{s_{i}}$. The number $\omega_{s_{1}}$ has the same form as the numbers of relation~\ref{twopts}: a shift of $\sqrt{s}$ subtracted from a rational term. So the expansion of $\omega_{s_{1}}$ has  tail a tail of the sequence $1-s_{i}$. The expansion of $\omega_{s_{2}}$, however, involves a rational term subtracted from a  shifted $\sqrt{s}$. It is easy to see that the result is an expansion with tail a tail of the sequence $s_{i}$. To summarize: \\
{\it the expansion of $\omega_{s_{1}}$ has tail a tail of the sequence $1-s_{i}$ and the tail of $\omega_{s_{2}}$ has tail a tail of the sequence $s_{i}$.}

Let $n_{k}$ be any subsequence such that $ \lim_{k \rightarrow \infty} f_{n_{k}}(\omega_{s_{1}})$ converges to a limit $f(\omega_{s_{1}})=a$. The tail of  $ \omega_{s_{1}}$ shows that $a= 1$ minus the limit of an average of the  $s_{i}$. The tail of $ \omega_{s_{2}}$ is a tail of $s_{i}$ and so
$ \lim_{k \rightarrow \infty} f_{n_{k}}(\omega_{s_{2}})$ converges to $1-a$. For general $\omega$ define $f(\omega)=\limsup _{k \rightarrow \infty} f_{n_{k}}(\omega)$.

We have \begin{equation} \label{s1}
 a= f(\omega_{s_{1}})=h(\nu_{s_{1}}) \hspace{2em} \mbox{ and  } \hspace{2em} 1-a =f(\omega_{s_{2}})=h(\nu_{s_{2}}) \end{equation}
  where $h$ is the function defined in section 1.3.

 We now check that $h$ is a tail function at the expansions $\nu_{s_{1}}$ and $\nu_{s_{2}}$.  According to the above, $\nu_{s_{1}}$ and  $\nu_{s_{2}}$ have the same tail, and for any $n$ sufficiently large we can write
  \[ h(\nu_{s_{1}})=h( u_{11}, u_{12}, \cdots u_{1,n-1}, 1-s_{r},1-s_{r+1}, \cdots) \]
  and
 \[  h(\nu_{s_{2}})= h( u_{21}, u_{22}, \cdots u_{2,n-1}, 1-s_{r},1-s_{r+1}, \cdots). \]
  where the $u_{ij}$ are digits of the expansion of  $\nu_{s_{i}}$  and $r$ is an index depending on $n$. The function $f$ is a tail function and so at $\nu_{s_{1}}$
  \begin{eqnarray} \label{tail}
  a= \lim_{k \rightarrow \infty} ((1-s_{r})+ (1-s_{r+1})+  \cdots +(1-s_{n_{k}}))/n_{k} &=& f(\omega_{s_{1}}) = \\
  h(\nu_{s_{1}})= h( u_{11}, u_{12}, \cdots u_{1,n-1}, 1-s_{r},1-s_{r+1}, \cdots).  &&  \nonumber \end{eqnarray}
   The left hand side of relation~\ref{tail} is only a function of  $1-s_{r}, 1-s_{r+1}, \cdots$ so the same is true for the right hand side, that is, $h(\nu_{s_{1}})$ can be evaluated by only knowing a tail $u_{1n}, u_{1,n+1}, \cdots$ of $\nu_{s_{1}}$.  This means $h$ is a tail function at  $\nu_{s_{1}}$.
    Similarly, at $\nu_{s_{2}}$
     \begin{eqnarray} \label{tail2}
1-a=  \lim_{k \rightarrow \infty} (s_{r}+ s_{r+1}+  \cdots +s_{n_{k}})/n_{k}  &=& f(\omega_{s_{2}})=\\
h(\nu_{s_{2}})=   h( u_{21}, u_{22}, \cdots u_{2,n-1}, 1-s_{r},1-s_{r+1}, \cdots). && \nonumber \end{eqnarray}
 As before, observe that the right hand side, $h(\nu_{s_{2}})$, is only a function of the tail $u_{2n,} u_{2,n+1}, \cdots$ and $h$ is a tail function at $\nu_{s_{2}}$.

  Consider the set $T$ of $\nu$ for which $h(\nu)$ is a tail function. For any $n$, there exists a function $h_{n}$ defined on $u_{n}, u_{n+1}, \cdots$ space such that for any $\nu$ in $T, h(\nu)=h_{n}(u_{n}, u_{n+1}, \cdots)$. The expansions $\nu_{s_{1}}$ and $\nu_{s_{2}}$ are in $T$ and from relations~\ref{tail} and \ref{tail2}
    \begin{eqnarray}
  h(\nu_{s_{1}}) &=& h_{n}(u_{1n}, u_{1,n+1}, \cdots)=h_{n}(1-s_{r}, 1-s_{r+1}, \cdots)=\\
  &&h_{n}(u_{2n}, u_{2,n+1}, \cdots)= h(\nu_{s_{2}}) \nonumber \end{eqnarray}
   and therefore
\begin{equation} \label{s2}
f(\omega_{s_{1}})=f(\omega_{s_{2}}). \end{equation}
Putting relations~\ref{s1} and \ref{s2} together yields
 \[ a=f(\omega_{s_{1}})=f(\omega_{s_{2}})=1-a   \]
and so a=1/2.  The subsequence $n_{k}$ was arbitrary for the convergence of the averages of  $s_{i}$. This proves the existence of the limit 1/2 for the averages and concludes the proof of theorem~\ref{snb2}.
\vspace{1in}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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