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December 20th, 2018 by: Eric SchatzbergLee Vinsel
Kranzberg's First and Second Laws
Kranzberg's First Law
By Eric Schatzberg
"Technology is neither good nor bad, nor is it neutral."
This gnomic pronouncement is probably the best known of Kranzberg's six laws. A search on this phrase produces over 9000 hits on Google, and almost 400 hits on Google Scholar. And who knows how many times it has been paraphrased.
But Kranzberg's first law surely requires elaboration. Kranzberg's own discussion, in his 1986 article, hardly makes his first law crystal clear. Here's how he explains it:
technology's interaction with the social ecology is such that technical developments frequently have environmental, social, and human consequences that go far beyond the immediate purposes of the technical devices and practices themselves, and technology can have quite different results when introduced into different contexts or under different circumstances.[1]
I'm not sure what this means beyond the simple idea that purposeful action has unintended consequences. The idea of unintended consequences has been a fixture in social theory since Robert Merton's well known 1936 article. Kranzberg's 1986 article provides a number of examples, which include DDT, the factory, and air pollution. These examples also do little to clarify his first law. They primarily serve as a defense of technological progress against its critics, rather than a nuanced discussion of what his first law means.
Figure 1. Man spraying DDT. Licensed from Adobe Stock.
But I think there is a much more profound interpretation of Kranzberg's first law. This law is not just an assertation about unintended consequences, that the effects of adopting a technology are hard to predict. Instead, in my view, Kranzberg's first law is a fundamental claim that technologies have inherent moral values.
Now, most commentators on Kranzberg's law talk about technology as artifact. Artifacts can be used in a variety of ways, for a variety of purposes, some good, some bad. Artifacts transferred to new contexts can behave in unexpected ways. One commonly cited example is the hammer, which can drive nails or crack skulls, two morally opposed but intended uses. And hammers can also smash fingers, an unintended consequence.
However, this analysis is reductive and problematic. Kranzberg didn't write, "artifacts are neither good nor bad." Such an interpretation would violate Kranzberg's sixth law, which states in part that "technology is a very human activity."
We cannot understand the moral value of technologies if we reduce them to artifacts.
Instead, we need to focus on technology not as things but as a form of human action. As I've argued elsewhere, the tendency to separate technology from the human is embedded in the history of the concept of technology itself.
This concept, technology, emerged in the early 20th century as a replacement for the medieval concept of mechanical arts. In this context, art clearly refers to human action, unlike the later concept of technology. Imagine rephrasing Kranzberg's law this way: "The mechanical arts are neither good nor bad, nor are they neutral."
When framed in this way, Kranzberg's first law is both obvious and profound. The concept of art has a continuous, 2500-year history in the Western tradition. Only in the 19th century did the definition of art as fine art gradually replace the broader concept of art.
In this older tradition of art, the moral status of the arts was a point of contention. Were the arts inherently virtuous, or did their virtue lie in serving ends given to the artisan by others? This question is really about the place of technicians within the social order, as Serafina Cuomo has argued.
Figure 2. Ford assembly line. Licensed from Adobe Stock.
Debate over the moral status of the arts goes back to the ancient Greeks with their concept of techne. This term is usually translated as art in the sense of mechanical arts. Aristotle argued that human actions are directed toward ends that involve some conception of the good. All human action is therefore, in a sense, moral action.
Yet Aristotle also argued that the arts (techne) has no inherent moral virtue. The human activity associate with techne is creation, poiesis. According to Aristotle, the good involved in the action of poiesis lies with what is produced, not the activity itself. For poiesis, says Artistotle, "the works are naturally better than the actions."[2]
For example, the moral value of the art of pottery resides in the pot, not the potter.
And who defines the moral value of works of art, according to Aristotle? Not the artisans themselves, but rather their patrons. In other words, technical action is itself morally neutral. The moral value of techne lies only its ends. There is thus nothing inherently virtuous about the practice of an art, that is, about technology as a form of human action.
Aristotle's views on this subject pretty clearly reflect the social hierarchies of his era. In his world, aristocratic elites judged the moral worth of artisan-practitioners. Not surprisingly, technical practitioners, from Greek physicians to Weimer engineers, have almost universally rejected this interpretation of their work.
Kranzberg was, I believe, siding with the technical practitioners in this debate. Technology, he says, is morally ambiguous. But it is not morally neutral. As a form of human action, technology is infused with human values, both good and evil.
Eric Schatzberg is Chair of the Department of the School of History and Sociology at Georgia Tech's Ivan Allen College of Liberal Arts.
[1] Melvin Kranzberg, "Technology and History: 'Kranzberg's Laws,'" Technology and Culture 27:3 (July 1986): 545.
[2] Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, Book I.
Kranzberg's Second Law
By Lee Vinsel
"Invention is the mother of necessity."
I hadn't read Kranzberg's laws at least since grad school, and I don't think I'd ever read them deeply until preparing for this gathering. In several ways, it's an odd document, though one that contains several points of interest. Kranzerg says that the laws "are not laws in the sense of commandments but rather a series of truisms deriving from a longtime immersion in study."[1]
But the truisms are a kind of mixed bag: some are about technology and technological change, while others are about historiography and the relationship between historians and the wider world, including policy-making. Some of the individual laws hold up better than others.
I've been given the Second Law: Invention is the Mother of Necessity. I believe that the insight in this "law" is correct and has been supported by lots of work done after Kranzberg's address, and that this insight is one of the most important gifts historians have to give to contemporary discussions about technology. Now, clearly, Kranzberg is inverting the proverb "Necessity is the Mother of Invention," which goes back at least to the 16th century, perhaps back to Plato. His point is that, if we want technological systems to work, we must do a great deal of refinement and further development. As Kranzberg writes, "Every technical innovation seems to require additional technical advances in order to make it effective."
Figure 1. Henry Ford on a postage stamp, 1968. Licensed from Adobe Stock.
In his description of the phenomenon, Kranzberg writes as if technology does things, perhaps a result of his word play that inventions mother necessity. In the address, inventions are not only mothering, but also requiring, spawning, upsetting, generating, bringing, and especially necessitating. Now, some of you gathered here today may be into actants, speculative realism, object-oriented ontology, and ideas in which things have agency, so this talk about technology doing things will be right up your alley. But I've never been able to go in for that stuff mostly because in Blacksburg, Virginia, where I live, we just sadly don't have access to strong enough psychoactive drugs.
But if we remove these technology-doing-things phrases, what we're left with is basically right, and what we're left with has been supported by subsequent research. Kranzberg refers to Tom Hughes often throughout the address, and I think the mentions show that Kranzberg thought that Hughes was the true master of the moment. The Hughesian way of dealing with the necessity of subsequent development in technological systems was the "reverse salient," the thing that draws attention because it is holding the system back. Many SHOT members have developed this idea. The studies that came to mind while I was writing this were Gail Cooper on air-conditioning, Amy Slaton on concrete, Steve Usselman on railroads, Andy Russell and Richard John on telecom, and most recently Julie Cohn on electricity grids. We can imagine a monograph or edited volume that goes even further: the series of case studies begin after the initial invention is invented and all of the juicy interest, charisma, and sexiness has exited stage left, and we are left only with a bunch of engineers, technicians, bureaucrats, and no doubt people with MBAs and law degrees muddling through. Sounds like a good book to me.
Figure 2. Power post and line in need of maintenance. Licensed from Adobe Stock.
And that book would be an important antidote to so many assumptions made about technology today. In this way, Kranzberg's second law is one of our greatest gifts. I've been talking to Paul Nightingale, the deputy director of SPRU in England, about related matters having to do with insane things that people say about innovation today. Nightingale takes aim at what he sees as the Schumpeterian assumption that inventions/innovations emerge fully formed, undermining existing technologies and markets—a view that is even more grossly represented by the likes of Clayton Christensen's "disruptive innovation" and the hopefully now-dead chatter about "killer apps." Nightgale contrasts Schumpeter with Nathan Rosenberg, who always emphasized incremental change and long, slow, anonymous processes of development. Nightingale argues that most important innovation in England—but also probably elsewhere—is happening in large corporations with extensive supply chains, rather than in university science parks, innovation and creativity districts, or god forbid Design Thinking Bootcamps. In this way, the insight in Kranzberg's second law is important.
I want to end by raising two questions about potentially problematic assumptions built into Kranzberg's laws. As I was working on this, I realized that both of these are issues David Edgerton has raised before, so as is so often true these days I'm probably just channeling Edgerton's spirit. (And of course in Shock of the Old and other works, Edgerton has explored things very much covered by Kranzberg's second law.) The first assumption is that the goal of the history of technology should be to produce generalizations about technology and life with it, generalizations that appear to cut across time and space, something we also see in SCOT and whatnot. Instead, I think Edgerton argues that historians of technology should be engaging history, which would require historians of technology to engage "mainstream" professional historical bodies. We can think about how Richard John is more centrally rooted in the historiography of the OAH than in questions arising from SHOT, for instance. The second, related assumption is that the history of technology is and should be relevant. Now, part of what Andy Russell and I hope to do in our work with Maintainers is precisely to show how the literature arising out of SHOT is relevant, but today I believe that there is often a kind of rush to relevance. The way Edgerton has put this somewhere is that when he attended SHOT's 50th anniversary celebration in Washington DC he noted that there was more talk about the morality and politics of technology than there was about history. We'd be better served by making sure we are starting from deep and fundamental historical and historiographical questions, no matter how these questions are motivated. So, my hope is that as we discuss Kranzberg's laws we can also discuss the assumptions that are built into them—some of which are now gone, but some of which remain with us to this very day.
Lee Vinsel is Assistant Professor in the Department of Science, Technology, and Society at Virginia Tech.
Editor's Note: These essays are drawn from the roundtable plenary "Kranzberg's Laws at Sixty", held at the Society for the History of Technology (SHOT) Annual Meeting, October 11, 2018 in St. Louis. 2018 is the sixtieth anniversary of the founding of SHOT, and Melvin Kranzberg, a seminal figure in the emergence of both SHOT and the history of technology as a discipline. The article in which Kranzberg's Laws first appeared is: Melvin Kranzberg, "Technology and History: "Kranzberg's Laws", Technology and Culture 27, no. 3 (1986): 544-560.You can find it at http://www.jstor.org.
To learn more about Melvin Kranzberg see Robert C. Post. "Chance and Contingency: Putting Mel Kranzberg in Context." Technology and Culture 50, no. 4 (2009): 839-872. Your can find this at Project Muse https://muse.jhu.edu/.
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FCTA invests in solar to light-up streets, satellite towns
August 20, 2020 Nigerianewsdigest.comComments Off on FCTA invests in solar to light-up streets, satellite towns
The Minister of State Federal Capital Territory, FCT, Dr. Ramatu Tijjani Aliyu, has revealed that the administration was investing in the adoption of solar lighting to illuminate streets in the satellite towns of the territory.
The Minister stated this at the official flag-off of 2020 tree planting campaign in Karshi, Abuja Municipal Area Council, AMAC.
Dr Aliyu stressed that the FCT Administration was working on other innovative solutions capable of earning carbon credits with which to spur development in the satellite towns.
Dr Aliyu said tree planting campaign was an annual global event meant to create awareness amongst citizens on the need to sustainably manage forests for the purpose of meeting the developmental needs of the present generation without compromising the opportunity of future generations to manage theirs.
To this end, she said the administration was working on a number of policy instruments to enhance the protection of the territory's tree stock, adding that efforts are also being expended to promote the wide adoption of climate-friendly practices across the nooks and crannies of the territory.
Speaking on this year's theme "Forests and Biodiversity: Too Precious to Lose", the minister noted that this could not have been coined at a better time than now when all hands need to be on deck to ensure the attainment of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
According to her, "Goals 13 and 15 of the SDGs require all and sundry to take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts; and protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss".
She therefore, called on other relevant departments to, as a matter of urgency, join hands with the Satellite Towns Development Department (STDD) in the re-vegetation of all open spaces, degraded hill tops and hill slopes, reclaim old burrow-pit as well as rivers and flood-prone areas to prevent and mitigate adverse environmental consequences in the satellite towns of the territory.
The minister further said that the STDD has earmarked 48,000 assorted indigenous tree species to be planted in the six Area Councils and 20,000 to be donated to foreign Embassies/High Commissions, FCT Public and Private Schools, religious bodies among others.
Environment as an asset
In his remarks, the Ag. Coordinator of FCT Satellite Towns Development Department, Engr. Felix Nwankwo, identified the environment as an asset to the present and future generations, hence the need for its sustainable management. He noted that the incidences of ecological and environmental disasters ravaging the entire globe are the direct consequences of man-made and natural factors.
Engr. Nwankwo affirmed that trees in an environment are known to enhance the supply of oxygen to the atmosphere which serves as immunity booster to citizens thereby reducing the expected susceptibility to Covid-19 fatalities.
The high point of the occasion was the planting of trees by the FCT Minister of State, Chairmen of Area Councils, heads of agencies, traditional and religious leaders across the six area councils of the territory.
How Shehu Sani Collected $15000 Bribe from Me-Victim
July 6, 2020 July 7, 2020 Web Desk
The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, EFCC, on Monday, July 6, 2020 presented two more witnesses against Senator Shehu Sani before Justice I.E Ekwo of the Federal High Court, Abuja. One of them is Alhaji Sani Dauda (ASD), who is Chairman ASD Group of Companies and a board member, Peugeot Automobile Ltd and a plaintiff […]
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The Edo State Governor, Mr. Godwin Obaseki, has congratulated his Delta State counterpart, Dr. Ifeanyi Okowa, on his 61st birthday, lauding his commitment to the development of Delta State. Obaseki said: "I celebrate my dear brother and friend, Governor Ifeanyi Okowa, as he adds another year today. "Governor Okowa is a gentleman and visionary leader […]
Edo state to establish emergency response centre
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Gov. Godwin Obaseki of Edo says his administration is building an emergency response centre to coordinate all the operations under the newly-inaugurated State Security Architecture.Obaseki stated this when the new Commissioner of Police, Mr Hakeem Odum…
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Dr Gurpreet Singh Wander, chief cardiologist, Hero DMC (Dayanand Medical College) Heart Institute, has been elected national president of the Association of Physicians of India (API).
Dr Wander is the second medical professional from the region -- earlier it was Prof KS Chugh in 1992 -- to be elected president of this body, which is the largest academic association of post-graduate physicians in medicine in the country. He was awarded the Dr BC Roy award in 2006 by the President and the K Saran national award in 2004 by the Indian Medical Association.
Dr Wander is keen to promote and encourage research among physicians and students so that doctors can find solutions to health problems that are peculiar to patients.
The API has a membership of 19,000 physicians and conducts activities such as holding an annual conference and bringing out a monthly journal.


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Placido's Choice
Bolshoi Theatre Opera Company soloist Dinara Alieva has won 3rd prize at the annual Operalia World Opera Competition, founded and led by the famous singer and conductor, Placido Domingo. This year for the first time the Operalia was held in Milan. The final round took place on La Scala stage, the competitors being accompanied by the Theatre's orchestra. Dinara Alieva, a young native of Baku, has had an extremely impressive career both professionally and in terms of her performance at competitions. This is the 6th competition in her life. And at all of the contests which preceded it, she had an equal success.
Natalya Osipova and Ivan Vasiliev have been promoted to the rank of premier dancers, they learnt of this in Peking where, at the present time, they are on tour with the Bolshoi Ballet Company. The announcement of this official recognition of their services was made at the end of their performance in Don Quixote — their star turn ballet, which brought the house down in Peking.
The world recognition which has engulfed these two young dancers anticipated their ascent up the career ladder which, even so, was unprecedentedly rapid. In so far as concerns Ivan Vasiliev, he has been promoted straight from First Soloist to Principal Dancer, skipping the intervening rank.
The Bolshoi will be on tour in Peking from 24 April to 5 May.
Performances will take place at the National Centre for the Performing Arts Opera Hall which has a seating capacity for 2400. The Centre, which opened in 2007, is a contemporary architecture icon in the Chinese capital.
Romeo and Juliet is one of the most frequently performed plays in the world and that goes for the ballet version too. When it is long absent from the repertoire, both public and performers yearn for it. This spring the Bolshoi is presenting the premiere of Sergei Prokofiev's famous ballet in a production by Yuri Grigorovich. The Maestro's first Romeo at the Bolshoi was in 1979, but since then a lot of water has gone under the bridge. There has virtually been a complete turn-over in Company members and the new dancers are temperamental and 'technical' in the new manner. We refer to this premiere as "a major revival" of the former production though, in effect, it amounts to a new version.
Bolshoi Theatre to Celebrate Jubilee of the Legendary Vladimir Vasiliev
In honor of the great dancer there will be a performance of Giselle, in his version. The title role will be danced by Marianna Ryzhkina and Myrtha by Galina Stepanenko (debut). Both ballerinas were pupils of the late Yekaterina Maximova. The Bolshoi Theatre congratulates Vladimir Vasiliev on the Liberty prize which has just been presented to him in New York. The prize is awarded for outstanding contributions to the development of Russian-American cultural relations. We also congratulate Mr Vasiliev on his forthcoming birthday (April 18).
David Hallberg to dance for first time with Bolshoi Ballet
Hallberg's Bolshoi debut will be in Giselle. Natalia Osipova will dance the title role.
For the attention of television and radio journalists
A briefing devoted to the upcoming premiere of ROMEO AND JULIET will be held on Sunday, April, 18 at 11 a.m.
In the briefing will take part choreographer Yuri Grigorovich and performers of the title roles.
Admittance via New Stage Entrance No. 14
Please, apply for accreditation in advance by fax + 7 495 692 33 67 or e-mail pr@bolshoi.ru
Nominees for Benois de la danse-2010 announced
As Nikia.
Among the candidates for the title best female dancer 2009 is Bolshoi Theatre prima-ballerina, Maria Alexandrova.
Bolshoi to take part in Rostropovich Week in Moscow
The Bolshoi Orchestra and Chorus Season Ticket Concerts at the Big Hall of the Moscow Conservatoire continue with a concert performance of Verdi's Otello. It forms part of the program for the Mstislav Rostropovich Week in Moscow Festival, to be held for the first time in the capital from 27 March to 2 April. The Festival has been organized on the personal initiative of Mayor Yuri Luzhkov and the Government of Moscow.
Bolshoi Theatre's first die Fledermaus
Bolshoi at the Kremlin Palace
Bolshoi is to perform on the stage of the State Kremlin Palace. Two performances of Don Quixote — will run on March 15 and 16.
Spectator's been captured by our Spartacus in Kennedy Center
This is the letter addressed to our site:
Just a note from an admirer. I saw Spartacus at the Kennedy Center in Washington DC USA on February 16th. Bravo! Perhaps the best choreographed and danced ballet I have ever seen. The leads and the Corps were excellent - perfection! You have more than lived up to the sterling reputation of the Bolshoi. Kudos to all and I think Ivan Vasiliev has the makings of a new ballet legend.
BillSchilling
Bolshoi Ballet welcomes a new dancer from January, 2010. Mikhail Lobukhin, Mariynsky Theatre Ballet leading soloist, joins as Principal.
Ivan Vasiliev
appears as Nutcracker-Prince for the first time (beginning at 12 pm).
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Monaco on the Trail apartments offer a superior location for luxury apartments in Uptown Dallas, TX.
Sep 12, 2017. Perot Museum of Nature and Science 2201 N Field St Dallas, TX Digging for fossils, touching a tornado, racing a pro athlete—it's all in a day's.
Dallas Arboretum Summer Camps provide children with hands-on explorations in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) and nature that will spark their imagination and inspire environmental stewardship. Camps also integrate critical thinking, problem solving skills and develop a sense of exploration and adventure in children.
Compare 118 hotels near Perot Museum of Nature and Science in Dallas using 16874. Museum of Nature and Science and refine your search within Dallas or Texas based on. The best places to stay are in Downtown, where you will be.
The Museum of Nature and Science is formerly the Dallas Museum of Natural History and the Science Place. Both institutions merged in 2006 and continue to bring life-learning to the community.
Mar 28, 2015 · Dallas, TX 75201 (214) 428-5555 www.perotmuseum.org In the short time since its inauguration, the Perot Museum of Nature and Science has knocked visitors on their feet.


text:
Why Novavax Stock Is Already Down 30% This Year
Should You Buy CVS Health Stock Over This Retailer?
What To Expect From T. Rowe Price Group Stock After A 10% Drop In One Week?
Will Quest Diagnostics Stock Rebound After A Large 19% Fall In A Month?
What's Behind The Recent Surge In Barrick Gold Stock?
Read This If You Think Conmed Stock Is Your Best Medical Technology Bet
Robinhood's Struggles Continue: Its Cofounders Are No Longer Billionaires, Shares Down 60% Since IPO
Signal Says Don't Sweat The FedEx Stock Pullback
Fusion Power Businesses Hunkering Down
Dec 7, 2021, 12:04pm EST |
Earnings Preview: What To Expect From Dave & Buster's Today
Adam Sarhan
New #1 Book: Psychological Analysis & Host SmartMoneyCircle.com Show
Signage is displayed in the middle of a air hockey table at a Dave & Buster's Entertainment Inc. ... [+] location in Pelham, New York, U.S. on Friday, March 24, 2017. Dave & Buster's Entertainment Inc. is scheduled to release earnings figures on March 28. Photographer: Timothy Fadek/Bloomberg
© 2017 Bloomberg Finance LP
Dave & Buster's Entertainment Inc. is scheduled to report earnings after Tuesday's close. In 2017, the stock just hit a record high of $73.48 and is currently trading near $34. The stock is prone to big moves after reporting earnings and can easily gap up if the numbers are strong. Conversely, if the numbers disappoint, the stock can easily gap down. To help you prepare, here is what the Street is expecting:
Gallery: Forbes 30 Under 30 2022 - Games
Earnings Preview:
The company is expected to report earnings of $0.12/share on $324.16 million in revenue. Meanwhile, the so-called Whisper number is a gain of $0.17/share. The Whisper number is the Street's unofficial view on earnings.
Charts and Data Courtesy of MarketSmith Inc.
A Closer Look At The Fundamentals:
The company's earnings took a hit after the March 2020 due to the Covid-19 lockdown. Since the lockdown ended, both sales and earnings have improved considerably. Earnings grew by triple digits over the past two quarters while sales grew by 643% and 66% in the last two quarters! If this trend continues, shareholders will be pleased. Going forward, analysts believe the company will earn $2.27/share in 2022 and $2.70/share in 2023. Remember, these are estimates and can easily change.
A Closer Look At The Technicals:
Technically, the stock enjoyed a big rally from from the March 2020 low and has spent the past 8-9 months building a new base to digest that move. The bulls want to defend support near $31 and then see the stock jump above $41-42 in the near future.
Pay Attention To How The Stock Reacts To The News:
From where I sit, the most important trait I look for during earnings season is how the market and a specific company reacts to the news. Remember, always keep your losses small and never argue with the tape.


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text:
Q: Weinberg QFT vol 1, chapter 2. On symmetries in QM and the universal cover While reading chapter 2 of the book Quantum theory of fields: Volume 1 of Weinberg I got pretty much confused. All the confusion starts in page 89 with equation 2.7.43 and 2.7.44:
$$
U(\Lambda) U(\bar\Lambda) =  \pm U(\Lambda \bar\Lambda) \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad (2.7.43)
$$
Then Weinberg explains that these are the projective representations of the Lorentz group for integer and half integer spin. All good here. Now, in the last three lines of page he says:

Eq. (2.7.43) or Eq. (2.7.44) imposes a superselection rule: we must not mix states of integer and half-integer spin.

What does he mean by that? That we can not have a superposition of states with integer and half-integer spin, or what? How does he see that this mixing is not allowed?
In the next page (p. 90) he says that we are going to use the universal covering of the Lorentz group instead of the projective representations and writes further:

This does not mean that we actually can prepare physical systems in linear combinations of states of integer and half-integer spin, but only that the observed Lorentz invariance of nature cannot be used to show that such superpositions are impossible.

Why does he emphasise that when we go to the Universal Cover we cannot have such superpositions? It makes me think that with the projective representation that was not allowed and now that we go to the universal cover it could be allowed.
And to finish the post, last confusing quote:

In general, we may just as well take the symmetry group as $C$ (he means the universal cover) instead of $G$, because there is no difference in their consequences, except that $G$ implies a superselection rule, while $C$ does not.

Isn't that contradictory, if one carries a superselection rule while the other does not, seems like they do indeed have different consequences.

A: Following Weinberg's discussion, as you state we have $U(\Lambda) U(\bar{\Lambda}) = \pm U(\Lambda \bar{\Lambda})$ where the $\pm$ depends on if the state is bosonic/fermionic in the case where the loop $1$ to $\Lambda$ to $\Lambda \bar{\Lambda}$ and back to $1$ is nontrivial. Now suppose that we were to try and build our total Hilbert space as a direct sum of the fermionic states and the bosonic states $H = H_f \oplus H_b$, so that we could write down and work with superpositions such as $|\psi_f\rangle + |\psi_b\rangle$. Now, how would you write down the projective representation of the Lorentz group? To be faithful to its fermionic and bosonic representations that you already have, you would need to write down $U(\Lambda) = U_f(\Lambda) \oplus U_b(\Lambda)$, however upon multiplication you have problems, because one part of the matrix gets a minus sign and the other doesn't:
$$U(\Lambda) U(\bar{\Lambda}) = (U_f(\Lambda) \oplus U_b(\Lambda)) (U_f(\bar{\Lambda}) \oplus U_b(\bar{\Lambda})) = (-U_f(\Lambda \bar{\Lambda})) \oplus U_b(\Lambda \bar{\Lambda})$$
which is not the same as $U(\Lambda \bar{\Lambda})$ up to a phase; in other words, we don't actually have a projective representation anymore. To fix this, we need the superselection rule which says that the fermionic part of the Hilbert space and the bosonic part of the Hilbert space are supposed to be thought of as separate, and we shouldn't write down quantum superpositions of fermionic and bosonic states.
Another way to see the same thing, mathematically the superselection rule can be formulated as imposing that $\langle \psi_f | A |\psi_b\rangle = 0$ for all physical observables $A$. Indeed, suppose instead that we had a physical operator $A = |\psi_f \rangle \langle \psi_b| + |\psi_b \rangle \langle \psi_f |$, then we see that under the symmetry $U(\Lambda)U(\bar{\Lambda})$:
$$A \mapsto (U(\Lambda)U(\bar{\Lambda}))^\dagger (|\psi_f \rangle \langle \psi_b| + |\psi_b \rangle \langle \psi_f |)  U(\Lambda)U(\bar{\Lambda}) $$
$$= - U(\Lambda \bar{\Lambda})^\dagger (|\psi_f \rangle \langle \psi_b| + |\psi_b \rangle \langle \psi_f|) U(\Lambda\bar{\Lambda}) $$
$$\neq U(\Lambda \bar{\Lambda})^\dagger (|\psi_f \rangle \langle \psi_b| + |\psi_b \rangle \langle \psi_f|) U(\Lambda\bar{\Lambda})$$
an inconsistency!
With regards to your other questions, I might add yet another quote from Weinberg on top of the pile:

In short, the issue of superselection rules is a bit of a red herring; it may or it may not be possible to prepare physical systems in arbitrary superpositions of states, but one cannot settle the question by reference to symmetry principles, because whatever one thinks the symmetry group of nature may be, there is always another group whose consequences are identical except for the absence of superselection rules.

In other words, he's stressing that the only difference between the two is the presence of superselection rules; so we shouldn't just faithfully believe that superselection rules are actually exhibited in nature, because without actually testing it (via observations), we can't know.

I was reading through https://arxiv.org/abs/0710.1516 to understand the superselection stuff

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Laws banning sex offenders from parks struck down
By Eric Hartley | Orange County Register
Laws in Orange County and Irvine barring sex offenders from entering parks without permission are void under state law, an appeals court ruled Friday.
Unless the state Supreme Court steps in, the rulings also strike down similar laws in about a dozen other Orange County cities.
County prosecutors could not be reached for comment Friday night, but Orange County District Attorney Tony Rackauckas said last year that he planned to appeal if the rulings went against him.
A requirement to get written permission from the sheriff to enter a county park amounts to a local jurisdiction establishing its own sex-offender registration system, which it cannot do because state law covers the area, a three-judge panel of the Court of Appeal said in one of the rulings.
In that case, the court reversed the conviction of a registered sex offender, Hugo Godinez, convicted of a county misdemeanor after going to Mile Square Regional Park in Fountain Valley for a company picnic in 2011.
In the other case, the same judges let stand a trial court ruling dismissing a charge against Jean-Pierre Nguyen, arrested while playing tennis at Irvine's Citrus Glen Park in September 2012.
The ruling on the county law was "unpublished" and can't be used as precedent.
But the court indicated it plans to publish the Irvine ruling. Scott Van Camp, the deputy public defender who represented four people challenging the laws, said that will void every similar local law.
"I am pleased that the Court of Appeal agreed that the regulation of sex offenders needs to be handled on the state level, as opposed to individual cities kind of making up their own rules," Van Camp said Friday night.
Irvine's law applied only to people who committed offenses against minors, while the county's applied to all sex offenders.
The appeals court ruling turned on a provision in the state Constitution that says counties and cities can pass laws "not in conflict" with state laws. The court wrote that "the state statutory scheme imposing restrictions on a sex offender's daily life fully occupies the field," leaving no room for a city or county law.
After county supervisors passed their law in 2011, 12 cities followed: Westminster, La Habra, Los Alamitos, Irvine, Lake Forest, Huntington Beach, Yorba Linda, Laguna Hills, Mission Viejo, Rancho Santa Margarita, Costa Mesa and Seal Beach. Because of the legal challenges, Lake Forest has repealed its law.
Contact the writer: ehartley@ocregister.com or 949-229-5950
Eric Hartley
Hundreds of volunteers fill food boxes at OC Food Bank


text:
71 US Sailors, Half Suffering From Cancer, to Sue TEPCO For Fukushima Radiation Poisoning
By Brandon Baker
EcoNews 27 December 2013
Theme: Environment, Law and Justice
After U.S. Navy sailors on the USS Ronald Reagan responded to the 2011 Fukushima disaster in Japan for four days, many returned to the U.S. with thyroid cancer, Leukemia, brain tumors and more.
At least 71 sailors—many in their 20s—reported radiation sickness and will file a lawsuit against Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO), which operates the Fukushima Daiichi energy plant.
The men and women accuse TEPCO of downplaying the danger of nuclear radiation on the site. The water contaminated the ship's supply, which led to crew members drinking, washing their bodies and brushing their teeth with contaminated water. Paul Garner, an attorney representing 51 sailors, said at least half of the 70-plus sailors have some form of cancer.
"We're seeing leukemia, testicular cancer and unremitting gynecological bleeding requiring transfusions and other intervention," Garner told New York Post.
Senior Chief Michael Sebourn, a radiation-decontamination officer assigned to test the aircraft carrier, said that radiation levels measured 300 times higher than what was considered safe at one point. Meanwhile sailors like Lindsay Cooper have contrasted their initial and subsequent feelings upon seeing and tasting metallic "radioactive snow" caused by freezing Pacific air that mixed with radioactive debris.
"We joked about it: 'Hey, it's radioactive snow!" Cooper said. "My thyroid is so out of whack that I can lose 60 to 70 pounds in one month and then gain it back the next. My menstrual cycle lasts for six months at a time, and I cannot get pregnant.
"It's ruined me."
Cooper said the Reagan has a multimillion-dollar radiation-detection system, but the crew couldn't get it activated quickly enough.
"And then we couldn't go anywhere," she said. "Japan didn't want us in port, Korea didn't want us, Guam turned us away. We floated in the water for two and a half months."
San Diego Judge Janis L. Sammartino dismissed the initial suit in late November, but Garner and a group of attorneys plan to refile on Jan. 6, according to Fox 5 San Diego.
Though publications like The Washington Times have wondered if the Navy and/or National Security Agency might have known about the conditions the sailors were heading into two years ago, Garner and the attorneys say the lawsuit is solely directed at TEPCO.
"We're suing this foreign corporation because they are doing business in America," co-counsel Charles Bonner. "Their second largest office outside of Tokyo is in Washington, D.C.
"This foreign corporation caused harm to American rescuers, and they did it in ways that give rise to jurisdiction here in this country."
Hear more comments from Bonner, Cooper and Garner in the above video by eon3EMFblog.net .
The original source of this article is EcoNews
Copyright © Brandon Baker, EcoNews, 2014
Articles by: Brandon Baker


text:
Contactless Hygiene Units
Identisys Ltd - Kenya
A Contactless Future with Sophisticated Technology
Identisys continues to urge its clients and the general public to develop a renewed focus on security and safety moving forward.
We are hearing more and more cases from clients about attempted security breaches to their business premises since the COVID-19 virus spiked in March of this year. The main causes of technology fraud in the East African region have been found to be due to an increase in remote working alongside hackers exploiting the global focus of the pandemic to their advantage.
A focus on biometric security
Biometrics have become the norm for increased security in both homes and offices. Due to the fact that the system relies on who the user is by using their unique fingerprints or facial structure, they are far more secure than a simple password authentication. The process to hack a biometric system is time-consuming and complicated, as the hacker needs to do more work than just guessing characters or an important phrase. They need to have exact replicas of an individual's fingerprint or face.
Can I trust biometrics to protect me?
The technology we offer at Identisys is smart. Liveness detection and 3D facial recognition have been implemented for facial recognition technology to ensure that the data is coming from a real person in that exact moment. This prevents hackers from using replicas, photos, videos or injected data from a stolen database. Our biometric systems are easy to use and cuts down on the number of passwords each user must remember, while maintaining an even higher level of security. It also reduces the time spent logging into accounts, as biometric authorization can take seconds to activate.
Our systems allow for users to stand in front of a facial scanner instead of touching potentially contaminated surfaces, and the scanner can detect who they are and what they are authorized to do. These systems can be used to unlock accounts, open secure areas and help users move about their day safely. Other fears that have come out of the pandemic from our clients can also be managed using facial recognition.
Due to the potential spread of COVID-19 through breathing or coughing, people have been told to stay a safe distance away from others and to wear masks. With facial recognition, users will not have to worry about this, as no one will be forced to touch or come in contact with the facial scanner. The technology at Identisys also takes care of people who will want to wear masks. Our modern facial recognition software uses 3D scans and depth perception to recognize the user, meaning that masks or lighting cannot obscure the face enough to incorrectly deny, or allow, access. Depth perception increases security, but it also allows people to move about safely, as people become reliant on masks to reduce the spread of the disease.
Our software and solutions already exist to implement the technology. This means that our systems can be quickly put in place, relieving people and businesses of the fears that may arise as the economy reopens. In order to increase security and safety in the wake of this virus, businesses, banks and people will need to start using technology for safety, security and peace of mind. Biometric technology is being used around the world to help governments keep citizens safe and track the spread of the virus. The next step for security and hygiene will be implementing facial authentication measures.
Contact us at Identisys to enquire about how we can best protect you.
Importance of an ID in the Education Sector
The Crash of Biometrics vs the Rise of Access Control
The Impact of Wear and Tear on ID Cards
CONTACTLESS UNITS
DOWNLOADABLE BROCHURE
PRIVACY & DATA PROTECTION POLICY
©2022 by Identisys Limited


text:
Q: make btn color to btn-info in toggled navbar I want btn in navbar (which appeared only toggled) get btn-info color.
I add a btn-info class,
btn's text color changed to white
and btn color was unchanged.

I used default bootstrap 3 css.

bootply - click mobile view
    <a class="btn btn-info navbar-toggle" value="Page" href="javascript:win_memo('', '<?=$member[mb_id]?>', '<?=$_SERVER[SERVER_NAME]?>');" onfocus="this.blur()">
        <?=$member[mb_memo_unread]?>

A: you need to use ( !important ) for your btn-info property value, because the (.btn-info)
is overridden by the (.navbar-toggle) class value, so the solution is to add this code to your custome.css file or any file that you use to override the main bootstrap.css file.
code:
.btn-info {
 color: #fff;
 background-color: #5bc0de !important;
 border-color: #46b8da !important;
}

hope this will help you.

A: Ahmed Na's Answer works well. Great idea.
I add a class btn-info-navbar.
.btn-info-navbar {
color: #fff;
background-color: #5bc0de !important;
border-color: #46b8da !important;
}

and add btn-info-navbar.
<a class="btn btn-info btn-info-navbar navbar-toggle" value="Page" href="javascript:win_memo('', '<?=$member[mb_id]?>', '<?=$_SERVER[SERVER_NAME]?>');" onfocus="this.blur()">
    <?=$member[mb_memo_unread]?>


text:
Your Language: DE EN
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CD+DVD - Plays Metallica by four cellos - A LIVE Performance
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WORLD-FAMOUS CELLO REBELS ANNOUNCE NEW LIVE ALBUM:
"APOCALYPTICA PLAYS METALLICA BY FOUR CELLOS - A LIVE PERFORMANCE"
OUT DECEMBER 7th, 2018
Two decades ago, Apocalyptica's career-defining album "Plays Metallica by Four Cellos" was released, selling over 1,5 million copies to date. In celebration of the 20th anniversary, the band is honoring the release with the current "Plays Metallica by Four Cellos" world tour. Featuring four cellos and a drum set and Metallica covers only, show stopping highlights are hits such as "Enter Sandman" and "Master of Puppets" as well as emotional encores like "Nothing Else Matters".
Just in time for the tour break, Apocalyptica are announcing the much-anticipated live recordings "Apocalyptica Plays Metallica by Four Cellos – a Live Performance" to be released as a 1DVD+2CD Digipak as well as a digital album version in December 2018. The DVD delivers the band's full two-hour concert at the renowned Finnish Savonlinna Opera Festival in the breathtaking scenery of Olavinlinna Castle, featuring previously unreleased Metallica covers. The accompanying CD/digital (and later vinyl) formats present the band's slightly heavier rock flavor, displayed at one of the band's three sold-out shows at the iconic Tavastia Club in Helsinki in September. This year's release will be followed by a lavish 1DVD + 3LP + download code package dropping in 2019.
Website: www.apocalytica.com
Facebook: www.facebook.com/Apocalyptica
Instagram: www.instagram.com/apocalypticaofficial
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Abuja: Nigeria's intelligence service on Saturday said it had thwarted a plan to target Muslims celebrating the end of Ramadan after fears that Boko Haram was planning a major attack.
The Department of State Services (DSS) said two men were arrested in a dawn raid on Friday on suspicion of plotting an attack on the northern city of Kano.
A third man, described as an "explosive expert", was arrested in Kano state on Tuesday, DSS spokesman Tony Oyuipo said in an emailed statement.
"Their plan, together with others now at large, was to assemble the explosives and use them on select targets during the Eid al-Fitr celebrations," he added.
Among the items recovered were eight AK-47 assault rifles, 27 hand grenades, nearly 800 rounds of live ammunition, a gas cylinder, vehicles, laptop and a mobile phone. The arrests had "nipped in the bud" potential end-of-Ramadan attacks in Kano, Sokoto, the northern city of Kaduna and Maiduguri, in the northeast, said Oyuipo.
"Terrorist elements" had been plotting "a series of coordinated attacks using explosives on different cities", he added.
Markets, public parks, processions, mosques and Muslim prayer grounds were said to be targets.
Boko Haram was not named in the statement but it has repeatedly attacked similar "soft targets" packed with civilians in the past.
Nigeria's military has said the group, whose insurgency has left at least 20,000 people dead and more than 2.6 million homeless since 2009, is on the verge of defeat. But Boko Haram has continued to mount sporadic raids and suicide bombings, including on 19 June, when at least 16 people were killed near a camp for the displaced just outside Maiduguri.
Earlier this month, security sources told AFP the group was planning a surprise attack in Kano on Eid al-Fitr, which is known in Nigeria as Sallah.
In July 2014, Eid festivities were cancelled in Kano after two deadly bomb attacks in the city blamed on Boko Haram.
In Maiduguri on Saturday, Borno state police spokesman Victor Isuku said security would be tightened over the weekend, banning the movement of all vehicles in the city. "This restriction, though regrettable, is necessary in view of recent security concerns," he added.


Gently fry the onion and garlic in the oil in a saucepan over a low heat until they are soft. Mix in the potato and fry for 5-10 minutes, stirring occasionally. Add the spring onions, cook for a couple of minutes, then add the stock, increase the heat and bring up to the boil.
Simmer the soup for 20 minutes or until the potato is meltingly soft. Add the shredded lettuce, return to the boil and cook for 5 minutes or until tender. Liquidise immediately. Mix in the double cream and adjust the seasoning to taste.
Depending on the weather, you can serve this soup hot or cold. If serving hot, warm the soup just before serving. In either case, garnish with the garlic chives and their flowers.
Serve this creamy soup with lots of crusty bread.


text:
Slavoj Žižek December 2, 2015 Articles
For a Leftist Appropriation of the European Legacy
How, for Ranciere, did politics proper begin? With the emergence of demos as an active agent within the Greek polis: of a group which, although without any fixed place in the social edifice (or, at best, occupying a subordinated place), demanded to be included in the public sphere, to be heard on equal footing with the ruling oligarchy or aristocracy, i.e. recognized as a partner in political dialogue and power exercize. As Ranciere emphasizes against Habermas, the political struggle proper is therefore not a rational debate between multiple interests, but, simultaneously, the struggle for one's voice to be heard and recognized as the voice of a legitimate partner: when the 'excluded', from the Greek demos to Polish workers, protested against the ruling elite (aristocracy or nomenklatura), the true stakes were not only their explicit demands (for higher wages, work conditions, etc.), but their very right to be heard and recognized as an equal partner in the debate-in Poland, the nomenklatura lost the moment it had to accept Solidarity as an equal partner. Furthermore, in protesting the wrong (le tort) they suffered, they also presented themselves as the immediate embodiment of society as such, as the stand-in for the Whole of Society in its universality, against the particular power-interests of aristocracy or oligarchy ('we-the 'nothing', not counted in the order-are the people, we are All against others who stand only for their particular privileged interests'). Politics proper thus always involves a kind of short-circuit between the Universal and the Particular: the paradox of a singular which appears as a stand-in for the Universal, destabilizing the 'natural' functional order of relations in the social body. The political conflict resides in the tension between the structured social body where each part has its place-what Ranciere calls politics as police in the most elementary sense of maintaining social order-and `the part with no-part' which unsettles this order on account of the empty principle of universality, of what Etienne Balibar calls egaliberté, the principled equality-in-freedom of all man qua speaking beings. This identification of the non-part with the Whole, of the part of society with no properly defined place within it (or resisting the allocated subordinated place within it) with the Universal, is the elementary gesture of politicization, discernible in all great democratic events, from the French Revolution (in which le troisieme etat proclaimed itself identical to the Nation as such against aristocracy and clergy) to the demise of ex-European Socialism (in which the dissident Forum proclaimed itself representative of the entire society against the Party nomenklatura). In this precise sense, politics and democracy are synonymous: the basic aim of antidemocratic politics always and by definition is and was depoliticization, i.e. the unconditional demand that `things should return to normal', with each individual doing his or her particular job. Ranciere, of course, emphasizes how the line of separation between police and politics proper is always blurred and contested; say, in the Marxist tradition, 'proletariat' can be read as the subjectivization of the `part of no-part' elevating its injustice into the ultimate test of universality, and, simultaneously, as the operator which will bring about the establishment of a post-political rational society.
Here one should oppose globalization to universalization. Globalization (not only in the sense of global capitalism, the establishment of a global world market, but also in the sense of the assertion of 'humanity' as the global point of reference of human rights, legitimizing the violation of State sovereignty, of police interventions, from trade restrictions to direct military interventions, in parts of the world where global human rights are violated) is precisely the name for the emerging post-political logic which progressively precludes the dimension of universality which appears in politicization proper. The paradox is that there is no universality proper without the process of political litigation, of the `part of no-part', of an out-of-joint entity presenting/manifesting itself as the stand-in for the universal.
Ranciere is right to emphasize how it is against this background that one should interpret the fascination of `public opinion' by the unique event of holocaust: the reference to holocaust as the ultimate, unthinkable, apolitical crime, as the Evil so radical that it cannot be politicized (accounted for by a political dynamics), serves as the operator which allows us to depoliticize the social sphere, to warn against the presumption of politicization. Holocaust is the name for the unthinkable apolitical excess of politics itself: it compels us to subordinate politics to some more fundamental ethics. The Otherness excluded from the consensual domain of tolerant/rational post-political negotiation and administration returns in the guise of inexplicable pure Evil. What defines postmodern `post-politics' is thus the secret solidarity between its two opposed Janus faces: on the one hand, the replacement of politics proper by depoliticized 'humanitarian' operations (the humanitarian protection of human and civil rights and aid to Bosnia, Somalia, Ruanda, North Korea …); on the other hand, the violent emergences of depoliticized `pure Evil' in the guise of 'excessive' ethnic or religious fundamentalist violence. In short, what Ranciere proposes here is a new version of the old Hegelian motto `Evil resides in the gaze itself which perceives the object as Evil': the contemporary figure of Evil, too 'strong' to be accessible to political analysis (holocaust, etc.), appears as such only to the gaze which constitutes it as such (as depoliticized). To put it in Hegel's terms, what is crucial is their speculative identity, i.e. the `infinite judgement', `Humanitarian depoliticized compassion is the excess of Evil over its political forms'.
Two interconnected traps are to be avoided at all costs apropos of the fashionable topic of the `end of ideology' brought about by the present process of globalization: first, the commonplace according to which today's main antagonism is between global liberal capitalism and different forms of ethnic/religious fundamentalism; second, the hasty identification of globalization (the contemporary transnational functioning of capital) with universalization. As we have already seen, the true opposition today is rather between globalization (the emerging global market New World Order) and universalism (the properly political domain of universalization of one's particular fate as representative of global injustice). This difference between globalization and universalism becomes more and more palpable today, when capital, on behalf of penetrating new markets, quickly renounces requests for democracy in order not to lose access to new trading partners. This shameful retreat is then, of course, legitimized as `respect of cultural difference', as the right of the (ethnic-religious-cultural) Other to choose the way of life it suits it best-as long as it does not disturb the free circulation of Capital.
This opposition between universalism and globalization is best exemplified by two names: France and the USA. French republican ideology is the epitome of modernist universalism: of democracy, based on a universal notion of citizenship. In clear contrast to it, the USA is a global society, a society in which the global market and legal system serve as the container (rather than the proverbial `melting pot') for the endless proliferation of particular group identities. So, the paradox is that the proper roles seem to be reversed: France, in its republican universalism, is more and more perceived as a particular phenomenon threatened by the process of globalization, while the USA, with its multitude of groups demanding recognition of their particular, specific identity, more and more emerges as the 'universal' model.
So why shouldn't we simply accept this post- (political, ideological …) universe and just strive for a comfortable niche in it? The problem with this easy way out is, as we have already seen, that re-emerging populist fundamentalism, far from being a simple remainder of a primitive ideological past, is the inherent product of globalization, the living proof of the failure of the post-modern abolition of politics, in which the basic economic logic is accepted as the depoliticized Real (a neutral expert knowledge which defines the parameters within which the different strata of population and political subjects are expected to reach a compromise and formulate their common goals). Within this space, the political returns in two guises: Rightist populism; the 'wild' demands for social justice, for security of employment, etc., which are then denounced by 'neutral' economic specialists as 'irrational', `out of touch' with the new reality of the demise of the welfare state, as the remainders of `old ideological battles'. The (potential) partner is also neutralized here, not acknowledged as a partner at all: the position from which he speaks is disqualified in advance.
Multiculturalist openness versus new fundamentalism is thus a false dilemma: they are the two faces of today's post-political universe. In this universe, the conflict of global ideological visions embodied in different parties who compete for power is replaced by the collaboration of enlightened technocrats (economists, public opinion specialists, etc.) and liberal multiculturalists; via the process of negotiation of interests, a compromise is reached in the guise of a more or less universal consensus. This late-capitalist solution is best epitomized by the name 'Singapore', designating the paradoxical combination of capitalist economic logic with a corporate communitarian ethics which precludes any politicization of social life. It is deeply significant that, in the last years of his life, the late Deng himself, the father of Chinese reforms expressed his admiration for Singapore as the model to be followed in China. The motto of the 'wise' Asian rulers like Singapore's Lee Kwan You-the combination of the full inclusion of their economies into global capitalism with the traditional Asian values of discipline, respect for tradition, etc.-points precisely towards globalization without universalism, i.e. with a suspended political dimension. In a different way, the model towards which the USA seems to move-the permissive co-existence of the multitude of ways of life within the global capitalist framework-approaches in another way the same result of depoliticization.
The opposition of globalization to particular cultural identity embodied in a specific way of life is thus misleading: what is effectively threatened by globalization is not the cosa nostra (our private secret way of life from which others are excluded, which others want to steal from us), but its exact opposite: universality itself in its eminently political dimension. One of the common wisdoms today is that we are entering a new Medieval society in the guise of the New World Order-the grain of truth in this comparison is that, like Medieval times, the New World Order is global, but not universal, since it strives for a new global order with each part at its allocated place.
[Extract from Journal of Political Ideologies, February 1998 (Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 63-78).]
Posted in Articles and tagged aristocracy, demos, particular, politics, Ranciere, society, struggle, universal. Bookmark the permalink.


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Home Maldives.net.mv First of its kind Inspire MediSpa opens in Maldives
First of its kind Inspire MediSpa opens in Maldives
Inspire MediSpa has opened, bringing western medical spa technology to the Maldives.
The initiative by local conglomerate SIMDI Group was launched at a ceremony held Thursday evening, where the brand's website was also unveiled. Inspire MediSpa CEO Dr Mariyam Shakeela, who also serves as the CEO of parent company SIMDI, inaugurated the spa and its website.
Located at Haifa building on Bodufungandu Magu in capital Male, the Inspire MediSpa brings the best of western medical technology to the Maldives.
The Australian medical team at the spa has devised a menu of state-of-the-art aesthetic dermatological treatments that combine the latest in anti-ageing and wellness with traditional spa treatments, ambiance and pampering. Whether to reverse visible signs of ageing, to lose weight or restore hair, Inspire MediSpa assures its customers of medically derived programmes that can provide results far beyond a normal spa treatment.
"Our goal is to help you live your best possible life, to look and feel your best. Using evidence based programs proven in Australia we look at your whole health," an announcement by the company read.
"Our programs do not stop at the clinic door, with tailored at home treatments using the best products from around the world, available exclusively in our clinic. Please take some time to read through our extensive services."
A second Inspire MediSpa outlet will open at Heritance Aarah resort, which is scheduled to open in December.
Led by renowned hotelier Ibrahim Mohamed Didi, SIMDI has been in operation for decades, dealing with world-renowned products in categories such as alcoholic beverages, fast moving consumer goods, office automation and resort-ware. SIMDI has successfully secured and maintained exclusive distributorship agreements with some of the world's top companies including: Bicardi-Martini, Illy Caffe', Dilmah Tea and Canon Incorporated.
SIMDI has recently expanded into several other sectors by setting up subsidiaries, including Institute for Counselling and Psychotherapy (ICP), Dhives Institute, International Medical and Diagnostic Centre, Stock Brokers Maldives, Smart Design and Skyz.
source http://maldives.net.mv/25705/first-of-its-kind-inspire-medispa-opens-in-maldives/
Photographer based in Maldives, My name is Asad, and I enjoy the beach and its Natural music, boat trips, and Coffee roasts. I am a photographer who travels for nearly every one of my client to document the amazing experience in Maldives, Be it an Engagement on the beach island Resort or a surprise proposal, Wedding or a renewal of wow, Pre-wedding or a Honeymoon Portrait Session. If you want to see more photos, I recommend checking out the blog.


A son of Esau with Adah, daughter of Elon the Hittite (Genesis 36:4, 36:10-12, 1 Chronicles 1:35-36). The first-born son of Eliphaz was called Teman, who was also the first chief of Edom (Genesis 36:15-16), and who probably gave his name to the city of Teman, where probably the chiefs of Edom resided (Jeremiah 49:20).
One of the four locutionary friends of Job, who was a Temanite (Job 2:11, 4:1, 15:1, 22:1 and 42:7-9).
Note the tantalizing possibility that the two Eliphazes are the same one; that Eliphaz-of-Esau lived in the city named after his own son Teman, and was therefore called a Temanite. The story of Job certainly plays in the patriarchal era and the two Eliphazes were thus roughly contemporaries.
Many have marveled over the difficult and both highly advanced and most fundamental themes of the Book of Job, which are obviously projected on a fictional stage. But the story of Job may be far less fictional than is generally assumed. It may in fact be a kind of transcript of a greater discussion between five dominant strands of theology that existed in the Levant during the patriarchal era.
In that discussion, Job would obviously represent an early form of Hebraic Yahwism. Eliphaz would represent whatever Edom believed in — note that Job lived in Uz in Edom, so the conflict of Job versus Eliphaz may in fact represent Jacob versus Esau; or rather: both may represent a fundamental development in theology, possibly a rift between proto-Yahwism and Edomism (which appears to be more natural and personal strength-oriented).
Friend Bildad would probably have something to do with Bel and Baal worship. What Zophar is all about isn't immediately clear, but Elihu, son of Barachel might represent the El-theology of the native Canaanites from which Hebraism borrowed quite a bit of names and imagery.
For a meaning of the name Eliphaz, NOBSE Study Bible Name List, Jones' Dictionary of Old Testament Proper Names and even BDB Theological Dictionary read God Is Fine Gold in rare uniquity, but that may not be correct.
First of all, the word פז (paz) probably doesn't denote fine gold but "agile" gold or rather gold leaf. Then, this name may not so much point towards gold but rather to agility or ability. The name Eliphaz may in fact denote an over-appreciation of one's skills and abilities and convey the meaning of My God Is Skill or My God Is Agility. This Eliphaz-theology is obviously at fundamental conflict with Job's view, as Job's strength obviously comes from his weakness and surrender to the Powers that Be.


Remember when I talked about First Friday's?
Well this month's was a rainy one.
But we still managed to have fun.
Here are some photos from the night!
I'll be missing July's but if you are in the area you should go, it's always fun!


My last blog was a tribute to my mother. I am now writing about her again to share a part of her legacy. When Mummy passed away in June, one of the first messages I received was from Hilary Sherlock, who is the principal of a small school (the STEP Centre) in Kingston for children with developmental disabilities.


Resources How Often Are Multiple WO Documents Found in the Same Extended Family?
How Often Are Multiple WO Documents Found in the Same Extended Family?
One of the earliest articles posted, when this blog was relaunched at the beginning of 2013, was on how often multiple EP patents were found in the same INPADOC family. 60,000 granted EP patents where the United States was not listed as the priority country from 2006 were studied. Of these 60,000, only 15,147 of the Icases associated with these patents did not have a US member in the INPADOC extended family. Granted EP patents without US family members, or US priority were chosen for analysis so the propensity for US documents to inflate extended families would not be a factor. Under these circumstances, only about 5% of the granted patents published in 2006 had more than one European application number in the extended family. In the previous post on this blog, a study of the impacts of PCT applications on US patenting was conducted. Since this was the case, it seemed reasonable to revisit the question of multiple documents, from the same authority, in extended families, but this time looking at WO documents. These analyses will inform additional thoughts on patent family reductions covered in the next post.
Following the same study protocol, and publication year, as performed previously with the EP study, 70,030 WO A1 documents published in 2006 without the United States as priority country were found. Once again, data was generated with Thomson Innovation so the most recent 60,000 of these documents were exported for further study. PCT applications with the A1 kind code were used to simplify the analysis. If A2 documents were used than the corresponding A3 documents, or lack thereof, would need to have been accounted for, when looking at the number of documents per extended family. Of these 60,000, 20,533 did not have a US document in the extended family. Within this collection, 97% or 19,846 documents, have a single WO document in the extended family. This is quite similar to what was seen in the case of European patents, and supports the idea that when US documents are not part of an extended family a one document per family (ODPF) approach to family reduction will produce a collection that closely represents the actual inventive output.
Previously, the circumstances where the US was not the priority country but there were US members of the extended family, and the cases where the US was the priority country, were not look at, but based on the close association between the US and WO systems, which were explored in the last post, it seemed like a good idea to look at these scenarios. Starting with the 39,467 WO A1 documents where the US was not the priority country, but there was at least one US document in the extended family, almost 93% or 36,551 have a single WO document in the extended family. This is a smaller percentage than what is seen when there are no US documents in the extended family. Looking a little more deeply at the collection of 39,467 documents, in 16,814 or in almost 43% of the cases the number of WO documents equaled the number of US documents in the extended family. In the remaining 57%, the number of US documents in the family was greater than the number of WO documents 96% of the time. Both of these observations begin to support the conclusion that when the US is involved family reduction using extended families will under represent the inventive output of the family.
In all the cases to this point, the applications are originating outside of the United States, what happens when the US is listed as the priority country? Staying in 2006 as the publication year, there were 24,219 documents where the US was listed as the priority country. This may seem small based on what was discussed in the previous post with regards to how many times the US was listed as the priority country, on PCT applications in this time frame, but keep in mind that during the same publication year there were also 34,627 WO A2 documents published, and these studies are focusing on the A1 documents to make the counting easier.
Of these 24,219 cases, 7.5% or 1828 of them do not have a US publication in their extended family. This is worth pausing on for a moment since it is the first time this situation has been examined. In these circumstances the US is the priority country, potentially arising from a provisional filing, but a US publication is never produced. There are a number of reasons why this could occur, but the one that seems most likely was alluded to in the previous post where it was suggested that some organizations might have used the PCT system as a means to delay publication in the US while the commercial implications of the invention were better understood, and the return on investment of filing a non-provisional application in the US were calculated. It would be reasonably easy to calculate this percentage over a longer time period to see if this rate changes over the years. In this case, it would be important to include the A2 documents, along with the A1s to get a complete picture. Stay tuned for a potential future post on this item.
When there are more than one US document in the extended family they have to be reconciled by application number in order to determine whether the additional documents represent unique applications, or if they correspond to pre-grant publications and the subsequent granted patents. 8,302 of the 15,443 cases have only two US documents in the extended family. These correspond to 16,476 unique documents representing 9,070 application numbers. It looks as if about 90% of these cases represent the situation where the pre-grant publication, and a corresponding granted patent are together in the extended family. The remaining 7,141 cases have three or more US family members and represent 25,120 unique application numbers. If we assume the majority of these represent more than one US application in the family, and we add the 800 multi-application cases from the instance where there were only two US documents in the extended family, it appears that some where around 33% or 8,000 of the cases involve multiple US application numbers in the extended family. Not to belabor the point, but clearly, in analyses where US documents are likely to be part of the collection being studied, family reduction using extended families would significantly under represent the number of applications that were filed for.
As was seen in the case of European patents, when US patent documents are taken out of the analysis, it is pretty rare to find extended families with more than one WO A1 document in it. The situation is likely similar for the A2/A3 document combinations keeping in mind that 67% of the time these documents will list the US as the priority country. The situation changes significantly when US documents find their way into the extended family. When this occurs there is a much higher likelihood that multiple WO A1 documents will be found in the extended family. This post also demonstrated how significant the issue of multiple-application number occurrences are with WO documents that list the US as the priority country.


A typical day in accounts payable is anything BUT typical. A day in accounts payable should really be called, Mission Impossible! Why you ask? The accounts payable department and responsibilities of the AP staff go well beyond paying bills.
A few of these tasks include opening mail, sorting invoices, matching, getting approvals, coding, entering invoices, check runs, answering calls, filing paper, dealing with closes and audits. With everything that's going on in an accounts payable department its no wonder that keeping track of invoices can be a challenge and chasing down invoice for approval can even be more of a headache.
Here are 3 ways email reminders can help make life better and keep your payable process on track.
1. Email alerts let approvers know when NEW invoices arrive that require review and approval. The approver simply opens the email and clicks a link within the email. The link then brings them to the invoice or invoices that requires their attention.
2. Email alerts can also notify and escalate invoices that have gone untouched for a predetermined amount of time to manager for approval. Example, an invoice arrived from a supplier that offers a 5% discount if the invoice is paid with 10 days. Unfortunately, the approver had been out on vacation and didn't see the first email alert. So an email notification and automatic escalation sent the invoice promptly to a next level manager that was able to approve the invoice and take advantage of the 5% supplier discount.
3. Email alerts eliminate the need for accounts payable staff to waste valuable time chasing down invoices only to hear that the approver never received a copy or that they sent it to accounts payable and AP lost the invoice. With email alerts and escalations gone are the days of the "blame game" where accounts payable is caught in the middle.
By utilizing email alerts as part of a comprehensive accounts payable process improvements initiative departments can expect to realize a significant level of improvement, reduction in manual steps and peace of mind.
Vision360 Enterprise helps companies of any size to improve their accounts payable process. Whether you have one accounts payable clerk to a full shared service center, entry level or global enterprise, Vision360 will help you reduce and eliminate the manual processes associated with receiving, routing, coding, approving and entering invoices.
Vision360 Enterprise will save you time, labor and increase efficiencies across your organization.


been thinking if I should replace Wu for Erondragas or just keep Wu where he's at.
Any other opinions are most welcomed to help me conclude my decision.
Re: Erondragas to replace Wu?
I am going to answer this in my own sort of way, and let you decide from there. I tend to say keep them both, Eron is going to be equal or better with things like event bosses, since Wu can't stun, but Wu/Allon is a great combo in any situation where you can stun, like arena. Although time/gold/mats intensive, I, myself, have a few situational Heroes I swap out as the time calls.
Wu is one of the best 5* tanks due to utility and high DEF, but his utility and low damage become a great hinderance when fighting event/guild bosses as the stun chance is abnormally low (far lower than 1%, but it CAN happen).
Erondragas shines far above Wu in the case of bosses, considering that when Wu gets the 5x bonus he becomes more tanky but his damage barely goes up while Erondragas becomes a metal tank that deals incredible damage.
I agree with everything above but there is 1 mistake. Since patch 1.5 you can stun bosses in boss tower now.
I stunned Allon boss with my wu the other day.


Coast Landscaping Inc. has been a leader in all areas of water and landscape management since 1978 and works closely with both management firms and municipalities. They serve over 140 properties throughout California through their two divisions: Landscape Construction and Interior/Exterior Landscape Maintenance.
Coast Landscaping Inc. is one of the few companies that has acquired both the State of California small business status (SBE) as well as the City of San Diego emerging Local Business Enterprise (ELBE) status. Their experienced team serves, but is not limited to, general contractors, municipalities, homeowner associations (HOAs), owner associations and commercial units.
Because of their size and span, Coast Landscaping was experiencing problems with consistency in their product applications. With 140+ properties being managed by a team of supervisors, different products were being used on different schedules, leading to inconsistent results.
Some supervisors were using standard N-P-K fertilizer, resulting in more frequent applications and higher labor costs. Others were also splitting their chemical applications from their nutrition, again increasing labor costs and ultimately reducing product effectiveness.
Coast Landscaping Inc. worked with Horizon's local Business Development Representative to create a plan that would fit their clients' needs and circumstances, while limiting the use of chemicals and the need for additional applications. The new landscape maintenance schedule also needed to be financially responsible, especially when it came to managing some of their large commercial clients.
By moving to the TurfGro™ Extended Feed Fertilizer and the TurfGro™ Weed and Feed with Surge, Coast was able to achieve their goals of lowering chemical usage and labor costs while increasing client satisfaction. In addition, Neb helped them execute the new plan by providing informative materials for employee safety training and MSDS lists.
Since the conversion, Coast Landscaping Inc. has been able to use smaller application rates with less frequency, reducing overall costs especially cost per application. They have been able to pass those savings on to their clients, resulting in more satisfied and loyal customers.
Want to Lower Costs and Achieve More Consistency at the Sites You Manage?
Contact one of Horizon's local Business Development Representatives!


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Q: New inbox item not appearing when clicking on it I have this inbox item:

I tap it and scroll down and see no answers:

nothing in the site either. maybe they deleted the answer but I don't want the tease of a possible answer if there's none.

A: This will be fixed in 1.4.3.3.
The problem was that the app handled all paging stores in an additive way.  That is, inbox items would be added when observed but not deleted when they disappeared.  Now when you first open the inbox from a cold launch or pull to refresh it will load the first page and discard all old data.


A mainstay of running culture in the late '80s, PUMA's Running System line gained popularity for its superior cushioning properties.
This reissue borrows design cues from the decade that gave birth to the original and throws in some modern updates for good measure.
IMEVA provides immediate support in a lightweight package, while a textile upper allows air to circulate and suede overlays add a soft visual accent. The elastic sock construction provides extra comfort, and the rubber outsole ensures solid grip.