text:
Salvatore Albano ( – ) est un sculpteur italien.

Il est né à Oppido Mamertina en Calabre. Il débute dans sa région natale en sculptant dans le bois des scènes de la Nativité. En raison de son talent, il obtient une bourse pour étudier à Naples où il est formé dans les locaux de l'Académie, sous la direction de Tito Angelini. En 1865, toujours grâce au support de sa région, il remporte un certain nombre de concours à Naples. En 1867, il présente sa Résurrection de Lazare et son Caïn à une exposition à Rome. Il s'installe ensuite à Florence en 1869, et y passa le reste de sa carrière.

Il a sculpté un Conte Ugolino acheté par le Marquis Agostino Sergio.

Principales œuvres
 Des larmes et des fleurs (1864)
 Moïse en colère fracasse les Tablettes avec les Commandements (1864, Capodimonte)
 Le Christ nell'Orto (1865)
 Masaniello (1866, Accademia)
 Eve (1869, Florence)
 Gioachino Rossini- buste (1869, Florence)
 Ariane abandonnée (1870)
 Il Genio di Michelangelo pour le Baron di Talleyrand.
 Venere Mendicante
 Les Anges Déchus (1893)

Liens externes

Naissance en mai 1841
Décès en octobre 1893
Sculpteur italien du XIXe siècle
Personnalité liée à la Calabre
Décès à 52 ans


My eco-friendly cremation urns are perfect for green funerals: handmade to order & uniquely personalised.
I make biodegradable urns by hand for green burials. They will break down naturally in earth or water. However, they will remain stable if kept dry, giving time to make decisions about moving on to the next stage of the process.
Each urn is made to order, either as a simple basic urn, or decorated or personalised in whatever way you feel best celebrates the individual's life, passions & personality.


The cozy History Museum has 4 cottages, all built in the early 1800s and onward.
The Dannäs History Association was founded in 1948 and lies about 500 meters southwest of Törnerstorp and east of the village of Dannäs. The History Museum, which was opened in 1954 lies in a pasture with hardwood, surrounded by farmland and pine forest. It consists of four buildings and contain a collection of objects.


Abstract: Diaspora networks' non-economic remittances in the forms of social, political, cultural and technical contributions to their homeland play important roles in entrepreneurship and economic development. In this paper, we examine the effects of such remittances on entrepreneurship development in economies in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). We analyze how factors such as migrants' skills and education and characteristics of the host country are likely to affect non-economic remittances and their contribution to entrepreneurship and economic development. We offer some examples of initiatives taken in the home country and the host country to maximize the potential non-economic remittances and their impacts on entrepreneurship development in the home country. A key lesson and take-away that we can gain from entrepreneurially successful efforts of some economies is that the primary focus of diaspora policies need to be centered on utilizing various forms of non-economic remittances in stimulating the quantity and quality of entrepreneurial activity.


text:
from django import forms
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class UserForm(forms.ModelForm):
    password = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput(attrs={'class':'form-control'}))
    first_name = forms.CharField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'class':'form-control'}))
    last_name = forms.CharField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'class':'form-control'}))
    username = forms.CharField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'class':'form-control'}))
    email = forms.EmailField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'class':'form-control'}))
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('username', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'password')

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Machined aircraft aluminum sight with dovetail adjustments for left and right as well as up and down adjustments. Three wrapped fiber optic pins in .029 with phosphorescent glo ring and comes with Indiglo sight light. Sight bracket can be mounted to fit both right and left hand bows and comes with mounting hardware.


The content of HydraHouses.com, such as graphics, text, properties photos, properties descriptions, logos, names, brand, etc, is the exclusive property of Hydra Houses, and is protected by trademarks, copyrights, or other proprietary rights and subject to applicable laws and regulations.
Publisher: HydraHouses.com is published by Hydra Houses.
Headquarters: 18040 Hydra (Hydra Island), Greece.
Web Hosting: OVH, 2 rue Kellermann, 59100 Roubaix, France.


Love wooden puzzles cause they are not easy to destroy like most puzzles. Also I love the fact that it's educational.
Educational, engaging, colorful, and "personalizable." Win-win-win!
Wanting something special for my grandson - to make him feel special and know he's special to me! He has another sibling on the way and I figured he could use the extra lovin!
3 year old grandson really needs to practice counting 1 to 10.
My sister's kindergarten class loves owls. I thought she would like this for her students.
I like owls and it is a good learning toy. I believe in buying books and educational toys. Good value for the dollars.
My daughter-in-law wants wooden toys. This puzzle teaches the numbers one to ten, recognition of name, and manual dexterity.
Good price, love the personalization, not electronic!
Bought this for my Granddaughter for Christmas, she is 3 yrs. old and in daycare and she is starting to learn numbers and the fact that it's wooden.
I have a little great-granddaughter who is learning her ABCs and numbers and loves puzzles.
What a good way to learn your numbers. The wise owl will help you.
For a little friend who will be 4 in March. I gave his 2 brothers number puzzles in November for their birthdays and they love them.
I have been pleased with the quality of other MK purchases and wanted to send my great grandson the adorable puzzle.
My granddaughter loves owls. I also loved that you could personalize. Her name is not common.
Looks cute, like how the written word is under the puzzle piece.
Grandson loves to do puzzles!
I purchased another puzzle from them, and feel it is good quality.
It is for my grandson to learn his numbers. I read the reviews and it sounded like something that he would like.
Cute and I already bought two for my nieces.


For the 2nd day of cooking from Veena's space, I made this perfect Saravana Bhavan sambar. Saravana bhavan is a popular restaurant in Chennai and this sambar replicates the one served there.
I've never been to this restaurant in India, but heard a lot about it. So we went to their Edison location in NJ, but lets just say the experience is nothing to talk about. The food was 'meh' and the service was 'blah' 🙂 But I want to visit the restaurant in Chennai some time. Hopefully that day will come sooner than later.
Coming to today's sambar, I made it on a weekend when my sister and her family were visiting us. I served it with rice and it was liked by both adults and kids. I loved the addition of ground masala with coriander and fenugreek seeds — it adds a lot of flavor along with the sambar powder. Also the addition of fried gram dal or putnalu makes the sambar so creamy and delicious.
Saravana Bhavan sambar -- copy cat recipe of the popular South Indian restaurant sambar. The addition of ground masala with coriander and fenugreek seeds -- it adds a lot of flavor along with the sambar powder. Also the addition of fried gram dal or putnalu makes the sambar so creamy and delicious.
Heat 1tsp oil in a pan, add coriander seeds, fenugreek seeds, dry red chilies and putnalu; fry till fragrant, about 3~5 minutes. Let the mixture cool, then grind to a paste along with tomato. Keep aside.
Cook toor dal and moong dal until soft and mudhy.
Heat 1tbsp oil in a sauce pan, add mustard seeds, fenugreek seeds, asafoetida, dry red chilies and curry leaves. Once the seeds start to splutter, add the onions (or shallots) and cook till turn translucent, about 3~4 minutes.
Add chopped tomato and cook till it gets mushy.
Next add tamarind pulp and salt. Bring the mixture to a boil.
Add turmeric, sambar powder, salt and bring the mixture to a boil again.
Now add the cooked dals and the ground masala paste, add water to get to desired consistency. Simmer for 4~5 minutes on low flame. Garnish with chopped cilantro and serve with idli or dosa or even rice.
Lets check out what my fellow marathoners have cooked today for BM# 53.
Yea even though I have eaten many times in their chain of restaurants, I haven't particularly found their sambar to be that good..however many love it..so maybe..:)..still some of their dishes are quite good..However your sambar bowl has me drooling ok..very nicely presented!
Pavani during our BM meet we went to Sarvana Bhavan and I didnt find anything extraordinary. Infact on our trip to Pondi we enjoyed better S Indian food . This sambar looks very interesting and yummy , good one.
wow..perfect sambar..I will surely try it this week..
I have never been a Saravana bhavan fan, even in Chennai. But it just took me two months away from India and I literally pushed my husband to take me there. In Edison, I found that the food is inconsistent, sometimes good and sometimes-like you said- 'meh'. I guess the good days outnumber the bad days, else it would have been out of business long back!
Mmm! Bookmarking this delicious sambhar.
This brings back soooo many memories of chennai and saravana bhavan. I must have eaten in almost all their outlets there and still visit it every time I go to chennai. Will try this right away!
I love to go to the Saravana Bhavan in Chennai for its atmosphere and not so much for food. When they opened the one in Edison, it was quite good and over a period of time, the quality just went downhill. It is really bad now and highly recommend people to stay away from it. This sambhar is just so delicious and I can have a couple more dosai or idli just because of this.
This is very interesting way of making sambhar.Very nicely presented.
I have not been to the branch they have here but your version looks thick and creamy, just the way I like it.
Lipsmacking sambar… wish i get a bowl..
Interesting version of sambar. I have heard various comments about Saravana Bhavan. Ate a few times in Salem and loved the food there.


text:
Home Continuing Education FEMP Courses Selecting and Evaluating New and Underused Energy Technologies
Selecting and Evaluating New and Underused Energy Technologies
FEMPFTS16
FEMP IACET:
0.20 CEU
Selecting and Evaluating New and Underused Energy Technologies demonstrates how to use the
FEMP Technology Deployment Matrix to identify and select clean energy technologies that have high potential of immediate deployment into agency energy-use reduction programs; assess potential benefits; execute market-based deployment strategies; and develop performance metrics to validate effectiveness and justify project funding.
Michael Holda, Program Manager, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Read Bio
Michael A. Holda, PE, CEM, LEED AP, works at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory where he assists in the deployment of emerging technologies in energy savings performance contract (ESPC) projects. He has more than 30 years of experience in facility design, engineering, and project and program management at DOE national laboratories. Mr. Holda is past Chairman of the Energy Efficiency Working Group (EEWG) for DOE facilities. He holds a bachelor's of science degree in electrical engineering from the University of Illinois and a master's of science degree in business administration from Golden Gate University.
Steven Parker, Engineer and Certified Energy Manager, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Read Bio
Steven A. Parker, PE, CEM, is a chief engineer with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory where he has worked since 1992. He supports research activities in the assessment and deployment of new and emerging energy-efficient technologies. Mr. Parker is a past President of the Association of Energy Engineers (AEE) and a member of the AEE Energy Manager's Hall of Fame. With 31 years of experience focused on energy management, he has authored more than 100 technical reports, articles, book chapters, and other professional publications. Mr. Parker holds both a bachelor's and master's of science degree in industrial engineering from Oklahoma State University.
Shawn Herrera, Federal Energy Management Program Read Bio
Shawn Herrera manages FEMP's Technology Deployment Program. Her main area of focus is to accelerate acceptance and deployment of innovative products and technologies, including those created within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), into the Federal sector, supporting the transition of clean energy-efficient technologies from research and development (R&D) to successful commercialization. Ms. Herrera holds a bachelor's of science degree in electrical engineering from the University of Nevada Las Vegas.
By completing this course you will have a demonstrated knowledge of:
Employ ideal energy-saving technologies in facilities based on an analysis of the options that best meet facility needs; and
Take advantage of the Technology Deployment Matrix to select ideal scenarios.
BACK TO FEMP COURSES

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Pegar o valor de um input e retornar alerta Estou tentando retornar um valor de um input que recebe o valor de uma variável  que também recebe o valor de uma pequena equação, porém não estou conseguindo.
O código está assim:
function calcularimc() {
    var formulario = document.getElementById('formulario');

    var quilos = +formulario.quilos.value;
    var metros = +formulario.metros.value;
    var centimetros = +formulario.centimetros.value;

    var altura = (metros * 100 + centimetros)/100;

    var imc = quilos / (altura * altura);

        if (imc <= 25) {
        alert(ok);
    }

    formulario.imc.value = imc.toFixed(2);

}
]

obs: quando eu retiro a parte do if, ele volta a fazer o cálculo e apresentar o resultado.
Pessoal, o primeiro erro era que eu não havia deixado uma string entre aspas.
Segundo, é que eu precisava colocar várias condições if e else if. Ficou assim:
<form id="formulario">
    <fieldset>
        <legend>Cálculo do IMC</legend>

        Quilos:
        <input type="text" name="quilos" />

        Metros:
        <input type="text" name="metros" />

        Centímetros:
        <input type="text" name="centimetros" />

        IMC:
        <input  type="text" name="imc" disabled="disabled" />

    calcular
    </fieldset>
</form>

function calcularimc() {
    var formulario = document.getElementById('formulario');
var quilos = +formulario.quilos.value;
var metros = +formulario.metros.value;
var centimetros = +formulario.centimetros.value;

var altura = (metros * 100 + centimetros)/100;

var imc = quilos / (altura * altura);

if (imc <= 18.5 ) {
    alert('Abaixo do peso!');
} else if (imc > 18.6 && imc < 24.9) {
    alert('Peso ideal');
} else if (imc >= 25 && imc < 29.9){
    alert('Levemente acima');
} else if (imc > 30 && imc < 34.9) {
    alert('Obesidade grau 1');
} else if (imc > 35 && imc < 39.9) {
    alert('Obesidade grau 2');
} else if (imc > 40) {
    alert('Obesidade grau 3');
}

formulario.imc.value = imc.toFixed(2);

}

A: O problema está no alert:
alert(ok);

Onde ok não é uma variável. O correto seria colocá-lo entre aspas, simples ou duplas:
alert("ok"); ou alert('ok');
Ao chegar nesse pronto seu script não prossegue porque dá erro de variável não definida.
Complementando, quando você coloca uma palavra no código sem aspas, o código supõe que ela seja um objeto (variável, função...) e não um texto. Objetos devem ser declarados, do contrário resulta em erro.

A: A resposta anterior está correta, mas aparentemente está com um erro no cálculo do IMC, dê uma olhada nisso. Como já tinha começado a responder a pergunta vou publicar um código que tinha feito baseado no seu.

function calcularimc() {
   var quilos = parseInt(document.getElementById("quilos").value);
   var metros = parseInt(document.getElementById("metros").value);
   var centimetros = parseInt(document.getElementById("centimetros").value);

   var altura = (metros*100 + centimetros)/100;
   var imc = quilos / (altura * altura);
   console.log(imc);
   if(imc <= 18.5){
      document.getElementById("resultado").innerHTML = 'Abaixo do peso';
   }else if(imc <= 24.9){
      document.getElementById("resultado").innerHTML = 'Peso normal';
   }else if(imc <= 29.9){
      document.getElementById("resultado").innerHTML = 'Peso em excesso';
   }else if(imc > 29.9){
      document.getElementById("resultado").innerHTML = 'Obesidade';
   }
}
<form id="formulario">
  <input type="text" id="quilos" placeholder="Quilos">
  <input type="text" id="metros" placeholder="Metros">
  <input type="text" id="centimetros" placeholder="Centímetros">
  <button type="button" onclick="calcularimc()">Calcular</button>

</form>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Black History Month Umoja 5k
Sun February 19 - Sun February 26 2023
Corporate Teams
Social Teams
Become a Fundraiser
Sun February 19 - Sun February 26, 2023 Playa Del Rey, CA 90293 US Directions
Register for the Black History Month Umoja 5k today!
VIRTUAL Black History Month Umoja 5k
$30 Price increases after January 31, 2023 at 11:59pm PST
LIVE Black History Month Umoja 5k
$40 02/25 9:00AM PST - 10:30AM PST
31 spots left. Price increases after January 31, 2023 at 11:59pm PST
12000 Vista Del Mar
Playa Del Rey, CA US 90293
Join us this Black History Month for a 5k race commemorating our past, present and continued Black excellence. Umoja, the first principle of Kwanzaa, represents unity. The principle of Umoja highlights our need to strive for and maintain unity of the Black family, the Black community, the Black nation, and the Black race. Throughout the pandemonium (pandemic), we have come together in many ways as a people to fight for social, political, and economic justice in the United States and beyond.
Let's keep it going! Join us on this 5k walk/run to show that we accept responsibility for one another as a community and that we will continue working together to achieve great things and exude Black excellence. Allies are welcome!
The Black History Month Umoja 5k live event will take place Saturday February 25, 2023 at Dockweiler State Beach. The live event is capped at 49 participants, so make sure to grab your ticket early! The virtual event will take place between Saturday February 19 and Sunday February 26 at your convenience.
Please share all event and preparation photos on social media with the hashtag #umoja5k2023
Want to volunteer at this event? Apply here!
The live 5k starts at 9am PT. The race will begin on time, so please make sure to account for this in your travel arrangements. Paid parking is available at Dockweiler State Beach. More information on parking and meeting location will be emailed in advance of the event.
We ask that all live event participants dress in ALL BLACK (except shoes).
Live event registration includes:
Live race entry
Virtual race participants may complete their virtual race starting at 8am PT on Saturday February 19, 2023. Virtual participants have from that time until 11:59pm PT on Sunday February 26, 2023 to complete and upload their virtual race results. Virtual registrants have the option to select a medal and/or Umoja 5k t-shirt to be mailed to them for an additional fee for shipping. Shipping is only available within the United States.
Race participants (live or virtual) are welcome to create teams. Teams must have 4 or more people to enter team competitions, and each team must pay the $15 team registration fee. More details on how to enter and win a team contest will be emailed in advance of the event. Winners will be announced in the following categories:
Most Unified
Most Funds Raised (team or individual)
This year at the Umoja 5k, we will be holding several individual contests in the following categories:
Fastest pace (3 winners will be selected, one from each age group):
Ages 18-30,
and Ages 50+
Individual contest winners will each receive a prize.
Information About Kafe Ìwé
Kafe Ìwé is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization in Los Angeles that serves underserved youth in a book cafe environment where they can enjoy tomes, tapas, and teas. Learn more by visiting our website and our Instagram page. You can also find us on LinkedIn.
Information About The Watered Roots
The Watered Roots is a Maryland nonprofit organization that specializes in educational services for youth through community events, free programming, and tutoring. You can learn more about The Watered Roots by visiting our Instagram page.
Information About Our Sponsors
All 3 for Health™
This event is sponsored by All 3 for Health. At All 3 for Health, we help busy young professionals develop sustainable movement, nutrition and sleep habits so they can focus on living their best lives. Check out our website and follow us on Instagram for more information. You can also find us on LinkedIn and TikTok
Skyward Studios
This event is sponsored by Skyward Studios. At Skyward Studios, we believe a picture is worth a thousand words and capturing moments in time is magical. We specialize in drone photography and videography to meet your various event needs, from marriage proposals to real estate and content creation. Check out our website and follow us on Instagram.
Interested in sponsorship? Learn more about sponsorship opportunities here.
Race Info Corporate Teams Participant Tracking Refund Policy
Event Info Competitive Teams Donate
Sign Up Social Teams Results


Trends come and go, and times change, but it seems that the kitchen will always be the busiest part of any home. Even in this day and age, the kitchen is still the heart of every home, where families get together at least once daily to feast and bond over a deliciously prepared meal.
However, the fast lifestyles we all seem to be leading today simply don't leave a lot of room for meal prep. That's why equipping our kitchens with all the latest smart appliances becomes almost mandatory. Here, we'll explore some of the latest technological advancements regarding kitchen appliances and why you should consider getting them as soon as possible.
When talking about smart ranges the thing you should be focusing on is balanced cooking capabilities. For example, the LG LSE ST series range is Wi-Fi enabled and uses LG's apps to access all of its smart features. It allows you to start heating up the oven remotely and monitor all of the active burners. It can also be connected to the Google Assistant so that you can control its performance from every room in your home. Now, as awesome as these features are, it's important to mention that this stove is a bit expensive but all things considered, it's well worth it.
Now, when it comes to smart refrigerators, the choice really boils down to your personal needs and preferences, as well as your budget. However, no matter the model you opt for, make sure you always aim at top quality in your budget range in order to get the best bang for your buck. For example, you can browse these LG appliances to find the most suitable option for your kitchen that will guarantee top-quality performance for many years to come.
Who would have thought that something as simple as a trash can would get a smart update? But, when you think about it, it is just what we all really needed. Just imagine carrying a handful of wet paper towels and trying to dispose of them without getting anything around you messy. It would be next to impossible. However, with a Simplehuman 58-liter Rectangular Sensor Can with voice activation, disposing of those paper towels will be a piece of cake.
Finally, no smart kitchen can truly be functional without a smart dishwasher. Dirty dishes have the ability to pile up so quickly that you start suspecting that your neighbors are bringing their over when you're not looking. But, jokes aside, with a Samsung Waterwall 24'' Tall Tub Built-in Dishwasher you can wash your pans and pots and wine glasses in the same load and still have all of them perfectly clean thanks to its custom settings' latest technology. This model also creates a so-called "wall of water" with a sliding spray bar that offers amazing cleaning results. It can also host 15 place settings worth of dishes, which means that you can get more dishes done at once.
To recap, nowadays, we need our kitchen appliances to offer us so much more than just the ability to cook food and keep it fresh. We need the appliances that will make every single step of the food prep process not only easier but faster as well. We also need them to be efficient with both the energy they use, as well as our time. Sure, such appliances will require a significant investment, but if you look at the bigger picture, they definitely do pay off.
Author's bio: Robert Clayton is a blogger with a degree in engineering based in Sydney. His interests and passions include DIY, green technologies and home improvement. He also loves good food, music, dogs and enjoys spending time by the ocean. He's a regular contributor for Smooth Decorator, An Australian Home improvement website.
The post Modern Smart Kitchen Appliances Every Home Should Feature appeared first on NVS Kitchen and Bath.
Kieran Jaelynn's Blog Blog at WordPress.com.


text:
William H. Latham (November 9, 1903 – January 15, 1987) was a senior engineer with the New York Power Authority.

After growing up in Norwich, Connecticut, he graduated from MIT with a degree in civil engineering in 1926.

Beginning in 1927, he was professionally associated with Robert Moses, the "master builder" of New York City and Long Island.

Prior to being responsible for the Niagara Project Latham had been in charge of the Power Authorities first hydroelectric project on the St Lawrence River. In 1956, when he was appointed to direct the construction of the Power Authority's Niagara Project, it was the largest project of its kind in the world.

New York Power Authority's primary icebreaker, the William H. Latham, is named after him.

He was described as "an athlete and outdoorsman ... a tall, rangy man with huge shoulders and an easy, friendly grin."

References

1903 births
1987 deaths
American civil engineers
20th-century American engineers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Exhibitor's is proud to announce our partnership with Jacob Arnold!
With a decorated resume he started driving at 8 years old, has been competing in Combined Driving since he was 14, and has competed in 4 World Championships in 6 years (2014-2019), a record for driving that no one else in the United States holds! Jacob has solidified himself as an elite competitor. We are thrilled to have him on board as an Exhibitor's Ambassador.
photo credit: Suzy Stafford
Passionate about his career and full of enthusiasm when he tells his story, Jacob was 8 years old when he was "bitten by the driving bug". He felt more at ease behind the reins driving a horse rather than riding one. Duke, the family chestnut Shetland pony, was his first driving partner. Driving was just a natural fit for Jacob. He had an instant affinity for the sport. From there, Jacob never let go of the reins! In 2010, at 17, he completed his first FEI competition with his Morgan mare, Shadow. The following year he won the USEF Junior Equestrian of the Year, the only Combined Driver to do so. His Combined Driving career has taken him from his hometown of Snow Camp, NC to four FEI World Championships all over the world.
photo credit: Kimberlyn Beaudoin
When Jacob was honing his craft, he would watch videos that his parents had of the former FEI World Championships over and over again, learning the nuances of the different phases of the competitions. He was especially obsessed with the powerful skills of the 4-in-hand Combined Drivers. It is a dream of his to one day compete with a 4-in-hand team. Jacob admits, "I still have those videos in my possession today. They remind me of my ultimate goal."
Combined Driving is designed to test the driver's ability and the horse's or horses' obedience, speed and athleticism in three demanding phases: Driven Dressage, Marathon and Cones. Jacob, driving a single horse, won his first FEI World Championship marathon in 2014. At the time he was sponsored by Iron Spring Farm in Ocala, Florida and is the only American to win the FEI Marathon in the Single Horse class. As a young driver, Jacob really favored the Marathon phase of the 3-Day Combined Driving Event. "I am an adrenaline junkie," says Jacob. " The Marathon phase is like the Formula 1 of equestrian sports. So, I was hooked from the get-go on the part of the competition that really engaged the fans and made the sport particularly exciting to even non-horse people." He continues, "Now that I am getting older, I am finding the Dressage phase to be extremely challenging, so it has become a very close second favorite part of the competition."
photo credit: Foto Sarka
In the world of Combined Driving, FEI World Championships are held every other year. In 2019, Jacob was on the road competing for 6 months straight, most of the time in Europe, where the sport has gained a considerable following. What does this entail? Quite a lot! Home base is now Hermitage Farm in Goshen, KY and the Grand Oaks Resort in Weirsdale, Florida in the winter. When Jacob Arnold goes "on tour", he is like a rock star; he takes a whole entourage! Yes, you guessed it, it includes all the horses he competes with, his dog, trucks and trailers. Everything leaves by ship from a designated U.S. port and arrives before the first competition. This past year they arrived in a port (Zeebrugge) near Bruges in Belgium.
photo credit: Jacob Arnold Combined Driving
He also brings his favorite grooming products with him, so he never runs out. Exhibitor's grooming products have been traveling along with him for years. Jacob estimates that he must have taken at least 22 gallons of Quic Silver Shampoo with him last season for his grey horses. Hermitage Farm has had a long-standing tradition of competing with impeccable grey horses. "Nothing else gets our greys looking like the "gold standard". We have tried other products, and nothing compares to Quic Silver," Jacob states. "Our greys always look whiter than white with a beautiful silvery sheen, exactly what you want for the FEI horse inspection," he adds. Recently, Steve Wilson Hermitage Farm's owner and Jacobs greatest supporter, just purchased two black horses and Quic Black Shampoo has become another must-have grooming product. Sun-bleached coats, manes and tails can be an issue with dark horses, but Quic Black Shampoo gets them back to black hues in no time.
Someone that goes on tour with Jacob is Mary Sheerin. She is Jacob's head groom, life manager and fiancé. One of her favorite Exhibitor's products is Quic Braid. It ensures tight, neat braids and helps making the braiding process go faster and smoother. Jacob admits he leaves the braiding to Mary! Before the horses get harnessed up for a competition, Quic Sheen is another helpful finishing tool to keep horses' coats shiny and dust-free while helping to add shine, conditioning and fullness to the tails!
Bringing their favorite grooming products from home ensures that the Hermitage Farm horses always look their best for Jacob's competitions. Jacob's favorite event takes place in the Netherlands, organized by one of his idols, Boyd Exel,l in Valkenswaard. It is a very friendly event for those drivers who are competing, and the atmosphere exudes an extremely fun, positive vibe with after event activities that help to bond the competitors. It is a World Championship level venue and experience that is hard to replicate. His other favorite Event is on his 'home turf', the Kentucky Classic. Graciously hosted by Laura Lee Brown and Steve Wilson, at Hermitage Farm every 2 years. Since he doesn't have to travel for this competition, he can get that great steak, which he misses when he is abroad for 6 months, substituting steak for a lot of schnitzel dinners instead.
What is the most challenging event that Jacob has ever competed in? Lahden, Germany was his answer. Typically, it presents one of the most difficult marathon phases, offering the most technically challenging obstacles throughout the course. Jacob shared that it is continuously a humbling event and makes him strive harder each time to do his very best.
photo credit: Krisztina Horváth
Speaking of doing his very best, as Jacob continues to learn and grow as a professional Combined Driver, he is eager to impart that knowledge to educate others in the sport. He enjoys training many of the junior drivers and gives back to them the support, valuable advice and solid instruction that he received when he was their age. He also trains adult drivers, showing them that unlike a lot of other equine disciplines, there are multiple options in Combined Driving as well as a longer lifespan to participate in the sport. In the past 15 years, instructing has become a passion of his that inspires him to go above and beyond his own personal driving milestones.
photo credit: @picsofyouphotos John Robinson
Another reason Jacob loves to teach is to bring more awareness about Combined Driving to the United States. While it is a popular discipline in many other countries, it is a relatively new sport in the US, only about 45 -50 years. Jacob would like to see the United States truly embrace his beloved sport and make it more popular for those young riders who dream of competing as he did and for spectators to. As an athlete representative on the United States Equestrian Federation Board of Directors and a member of the USEF Driving Sport Committee, Jacob has become a strong advocate for bringing forth national awareness to Combined Driving.
photo credit: Marc DiLeo
What is Jacob up to right now? Hermitage Farm is busy and so is Jacob and his team! They are practicing and training to represent the United States in Combined Driving events for the next season. Jacob started driving a pair of grey horses (Mr. Lindsey G and Endorro, owned by Steve Wilson) at the 2019 World Championships and most recently received the title of 2020 USEF Pair Horse National Champion. He has never given up his childhood dream of procuring a big win with a 4-in-hand team and continues to work toward that ultimate goal!
Welcome Jacob Arnold to the Exhibitor's Team of Ambassadors! We look forward to supporting him in all his future endeavors.


Common sense is not really so common.
The 60th day of the year; 60 is the smallest composite number which is the order of a simple group.
One year in every four, its days shall be reckoned as nine and twenty.
1932 Gene Howard Golub (February 29, 1932 – November 16, 2007), Fletcher Jones Professor of Computer Science (and, by courtesy, of Electrical Engineering) at Stanford University, was one of the preeminent numerical analysts of his generation.
Well David, I have a lot of ideas and throw away the bad ones.
Upon being asked how he had so many good ideas by David Harker, his student.
1695 Liebniz writes to Johann Bernoulli encouraging him to use the term calculus summatorus which Liebniz used for integration.
1878 Pierre Joseph Louis Fatou (28 Feb 1878 in Lorient, France - 10 Aug 1929 in Pornichet, France) was a French mathematician working in the field of complex analytic dynamics. He entered the École Normale Supérieure in Paris in 1898 to study mathematics and graduated in 1901 when he was appointed an astronomy post in the Paris Observatory. Fatou continued his mathematical explorations and studied iterative and recursive processes such as z == z2+C . the Julia set and the Fatou set are two complementary sets defined from a function.
Fatou wrote many papers developing a Fundamental theory of iteration in 1917, which he published in the December 1917 part of Comptes Rendus. His findings were very similar to those of Gaston Maurice Julia, who submitted a paper to the Académie des Sciences in Paris for their 1918 Grand Prix on the subject of iteration from a global point of view. Their work is now commonly referred to as the generalised Fatou–Julia theorem.*Wik Fatou dust is the term applied to certain iteration sets that have zero area and an infinite number of disconnected components.
1930 Leon N. Cooper (28 Feb 1930 - ) American physicist who shared (with John Bardeen and John Robert Schrieffer) the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physics, for his role in developing the BCS (for their initials) theory of superconductivity. The concept of Cooper electron pairs was named after him.
1742 Willem 'sGravesande (26 September 1688 – 28 February 1742)was a Dutch mathematician who expounded Newton's philosophy in Europe. In 1717 he became professor in physics and astronomy in Leiden, and introduced the works of his friend Newton in the Netherlands.
1863 Jakob Philipp Kulik (1 May 1793 in Lemberg, Austrian Empire (now Lviv, Ukraine) - 28 Feb 1863 in Prague, Czech Republic) Austrian mathematician known for his construction of a massive factor tables.
Kulik was born in Lemberg, which was part of the Austrian empire, and is now Lviv located in Ukraine.In 1825, Kulik mentioned a table of factors up to 30 millions, but this table does no longer seem to exist. It is also not clear if it had really been completed.
Andromeda Galaxy which Hubble measured to be 300,000 parsecs away.
The 58th day of the year; 58 is the fourth smallest Smith Number. (Find the first three. A Smith number is a composite number for which the sum of its digits equals the sum of the digits in its prime factorization, including repetition. 58 = 2*29, and 5+8= 2+2+9.)Smith numbers were named by Albert Wilansky of Lehigh University. He noticed the property in the phone number (493-7775) of his brother-in-law Harold Smith.
1915 Nikolay Yakovlevich Sonin (February 22, 1849 – February 27, 1915) was a Russian mathematician.
as eagles sustain themselves in the air.
1616 Galileo is warned to abandon Copernican views. On February 19, 1616, the Inquisition had asked a commission of theologians, known as qualifiers, about the propositions of the heliocentric view of the universe after Nicollo Lorin had accused Galileo of Heretical remarks in a letter to his former student, Benedetto Castelli. On February 24 the Qualifiers delivered their unanimous report: the idea that the Sun is stationary is "foolish and absurd in philosophy, and formally heretical since it explicitly contradicts in many places the sense of Holy Scripture..."; while the Earth's movement "receives the same judgement in philosophy and ... in regard to theological truth it is at least erroneous in faith."At a meeting of the cardinals of the Inquisition on the following day, Pope Paul V instructed Bellarmine to deliver this result to Galileo, and to order him to abandon the Copernican opinions; should Galileo resist the decree, stronger action would be taken. On February 26, Galileo was called to Bellarmine's residence, and accepted the orders. *Wik A transcript filed by the 1633 Inquisition indicates he was also enjoined from either speaking or writing about his theory. Yet Galileo remained in conflict with the Church. He was eventually interrogated by the Inquisition in Apr 1633. On 22 Jun 1633, Galileo was sentenced to prison indefinitely, with seven of ten cardinals presiding at his trial affirming the sentencing order. Upon signing a formal recantation, the Pope allowed him to live instead under house-arrest. From Dec 1633 to the end of his life on 8 Jan 1641, he remained in his villa at Florence.*TIS In 1992, the Vatican officially declared that Galileo had been the victim of an error.
1665 A letter from Christiaan Huygens to his father, Constantyn Huygens describes the discovery of synchronization between two pendulum clocks in his room.
While I was forced to stay in bed for a few days and made observations on my two clocks of the new workshop, I noticed a wonderful effect that nobody could have thought of before. The two clocks, while hanging [on the wall] side by side with a distance of one or two feet between, kept in pace relative to each other with a precision so high that the two pendulums always swung together, and never varied. While I admired this for some time, I finally found that this happened due to a sort of sympathy: when I made the pendulums swing at differing paces, I found that half an hour later, they always returned to synchronism and kept it constantly afterwards, as long as I let them go.
1855 Carl F. Gauss' body lay in state under the dome in the rotunda of the observatory in Gottingen two days after his death. At nine o'clock a group of 12 students of science and mathematics, including Dedikind, carried the coffin out of the observatory and to his final resting place in St. Alben's Church Cemetary. After the casket was lowered it was covered with covered with palms and laurel .
1585 Federico Cesi (26 Feb OR 13 Mar 1585 (sources differ, but Thony Christie did some research to suggest the Feb date is the correct one); 1 Aug 1630 at age 45) Italian scientist who founded the Accademia dei Lincei (1603, Academy of Linceans or Lynxes), often cited as the first modern scientific society, and of which Galileo was the sixth member (1611). Cesi first announced the word telescope for Galileo's instrument. At an early age, while being privately educated, Cesi became interested in natural history and that believed it should be studied directly, not philosophically. The name of the Academy, which he founded at age 18, was taken from Lynceus of Greek mythology, the animal Lynx with sharp sight. He devoted the rest of his life to recording, illustrating and an early classification of nature, especially botany. The Academy was dissolved when its funding by Cesi ceased upon his sudden death(at age 45). *TIS It was revived in its currently well known form of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, by the Vatican, Pope Pius IX in 1847.
People must understand that science is inherently neither a potential for good nor for evil.
It is a potential to be harnessed by man to do his bidding.
1959 The APT Language is Demonstrated: The Automatically Programmed Tools language is demonstrated. APT is an English-like language that tells tools how to work and is mainly used in computer-assisted manufacturing.
1972 Władysław Hugo Dionizy Steinhaus (January 14, 1887 – February 25, 1972) was a Polish mathematician and educator. Steinhaus obtained his PhD under David Hilbert at Göttingen University in 1911 and later became a professor at the University of Lwów, where he helped establish what later became known as the Lwów School of Mathematics. He is credited with "discovering" mathematician Stefan Banach, with whom he gave a notable contribution to functional analysis through the Banach-Steinhaus theorem. After World War II Steinhaus played an important part in the establishment of the mathematics department at Wrocław University and in the revival of Polish mathematics from the destruction of the war.
1988 Kurt Mahler (26 July 1903, Krefeld, Germany – 25 February 1988, Canberra, Australia) was a mathematician and Fellow of the Royal Society. Mahler proved that the Prouhet–Thue–Morse constant and the Champernowne constant 0.1234567891011121314151617181920... are transcendental numbers.
He was a student at the universities in Frankfurt and Göttingen, graduating with a Ph.D. from Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt am Main in 1927. He left Germany with the rise of Hitler and accepted an invitation by Louis Mordell to go to Manchester. He became a British citizen in 1946.
1999 Glenn Theodore Seaborg (April 19, 1912(Ishpeming, Michigan) – February 25, 1999) was an American scientist who won the 1951 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for "discoveries in the chemistry of the transuranium elements", contributed to the discovery and isolation of ten elements, and developed the actinide concept, which led to the current arrangement of the actinoid series in the periodic table of the elements. He spent most of his career as an educator and research scientist at the University of California, Berkeley where he became the second Chancellor in its history and served as a University Professor. Seaborg advised ten presidents from Harry S. Truman to Bill Clinton on nuclear policy and was the chairman of the United States Atomic Energy Commission from 1961 to 1971 where he pushed for commercial nuclear energy and peaceful applications of nuclear science.
In 1968, Nature carried the announcement of the discovery of a pulsar (a pulsating radio source). The first pulsar was discovered by a graduate student, Jocelyn Bell, on 28 Nov 1967, then working under the direction of Prof. Anthony Hewish. The star emitted radio pulses with clock-like precision. It was observed at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory, Cambridge University, England. A special radio telescope, was used with 2,048 antennae arrayed across 4.4 acres. Pulsars prompted studies in quantum-degenerate fluids, relativistic gravity and interstellar magnetic fields. *TIS [Before the nature of the signal was determined, the researchers, Bell and her Ph.D supervisor Antony Hewish, somewhat seriously considered the possibility of extraterrestrial life, "We did not really believe that we had picked up signals from another civilization, but obviously the idea had crossed our minds and we had no proof that it was an entirely natural radio emission. It is an interesting problem - if one thinks one may have detected life elsewhere in the universe how does one announce the results responsibly? Who does one tell first?" The observation was given the half-humorous designation Little green men 1, until researchers Thomas Gold and Fred Hoyle correctly identified these signals as rapidly rotating neutron stars with strong magnetic fields.] Read the details in her own words here.
1812 Étienne-Louis Malus (23 Jun 1775, 24 Feb 1812 at age 36) He served in Napoleon's corps of engineers, fought in Egypt, and contracted the plague during Napoleon's aborted campaign in Palestine. Posted to Europe after 1801, he began research in optics. In 1808, he discovered that light rays may be polarized by reflection, while looking through a crystal of Iceland spar at the windows of a building reflecting the rays of the Sun. He noticed that on rotating the crystal the light was extinguished in certain positions. Applying corpuscular theory, he argued that light particles have sides or poles and coined the word "polarization." *TIS He studied geometric systems called ray systems, closely connected to Julius Plücker's line geometry. He conducted experiments to verify Christiaan Huygens' theories of light and rewrote the theory in analytical form. His discovery of the polarization of light by reflection was published in 1809 and his theory of double refraction of light in crystals, in 1810.
Malus attempted to identify the relationship between the polarising angle of reflection that he had discovered, and the refractive index of the reflecting material. While he deduced the correct relation for water, he was unable to do so for glasses due to the low quality of materials available to him (most glasses at that time showing a variation in refractive index between the surface and the interior of the glass). It was not until 1815 that Sir David Brewster was able to experiment with higher quality glasses and correctly formulate what is known as Brewster's law.
1844 Antoine-André-Louis Reynaud (12 Sept 1771, 24 Feb 1844) Reynaud published a number of extremely influential textbooks. He published a mathematics manual for surveyors as well as Traité d'algèbre, Trigonométrie rectiligne et sphérique, Théorèmes et problèmes de géométrie and Traité de statistique. His best known texts, however, were his editions of Bézout's Traité d'arithmétique which appeared in at least 26 versions containing much original work by Reynaud.
2001 Claude Shannon (30 April 1916 in Gaylord, Michigan, USA - 24 Feb 2001 in Medford, Massachusetts, USA) founded the subject of information theory and he proposed a linear schematic model of a communications system. His Master's thesis was on A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits on the use of Boole's algebra to analyse and optimise relay switching circuits. *SAU While working with John von Neumann on early computer designs, (John) Tukey introduced the word "bit" as a contraction of "binary digit". The term "bit" was first used in an article by Claude Shannon in 1948. Among several statues to Shannon, one is erected in his hometown of Gaylord, Michigan. The statue is located in Shannon Park in the center of downtown Gaylord. Shannon Park is the former site of the Shannon Building, built and owned by Claude Shannon's father.
~Carl F. Gauss, His motto. He would limit his publications to work he regarded as complete and perfect.
In 1896, the Tootsie Roll was introduced by Austrian immigrant Leo Hirshfield to the U.S. In a small store in New York City, he began producing his a chocolaty, chewy candy, which he named after a nickname of "Tootsie" for his five-year-old daughter, Clara. He was America's first candy maker to individually wrap penny candy. By 1905, production moved to a four-story factory in New York. During World War II, Tootsie Rolls were added to American soldiers' rations because of their ability to withstand severe weather conditions and give quick energy. Tootsie Rolls are made from a base of sugar, corn syrup, soy-bean oil, skim milk and cocoa. Current production is over 49 million pieces a day.*TIS Every year in Calculus as we were introducing Rolle's Thm, I would mention to my class the important contribution of his daughter, Tootsie.
1583 Jean-Baptiste Morin (23 Feb 1583 in Villefranche, Beaujolais, France - 6 Nov 1656 in Paris, France) French astrologer and astronomer who attempted to solve the longitude problem using lunar observations. He was certainly not the first to propose the method but he did add one important new piece of understanding, namely he took lunar parallax into account.
Since Morin put forward his method for a longitude prize, a committee was set up by Cardinal Richelieu to evaluate it. Étienne Pascal, Mydorge, Beaugrand, Hérigone, J C Boulenger and L de la Porte served on the committee and they were in dispute with Morin for the five years after he made his proposal.
Morin realised that instruments had to be improved, improved methods of solving spherical triangles had to be found and better lunar tables were needed. He made some advances in these areas but his method, although theoretically sound, could not achieve either the computational or observational accuracy to succeed. Morin refused to listen to objections to his proposal.
1723 Richard Price (23 February 1723 – 19 April 1791) was a British moral philosopher and preacher in the tradition of English Dissenters, and a political pamphleteer, active in radical, republican, and liberal causes such as the American Revolution. He fostered connections between a large number of people, including writers of the Constitution of the United States. He spent most of his adult life as minister of Newington Green Unitarian Church, where possibly the congregant he most influenced was early feminist Mary Wollstonecraft, who extended his ideas on the egalitarianism inherent in the spirit of the French Revolution to encompass women's rights as well. In addition to his work as a moral and political philosopher, he also wrote on issues of statistics and finance, and was inducted into the Royal Society for these contributions. Price was a friend of the mathematician and clergyman Thomas Bayes. He edited Bayes' most famous work "An Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances" which contains Bayes' Theorem, one of the most fundamental theorems of probability theory, and arranged for its posthumous publication. Price wrote an introduction to Bayes' paper which provides some of the philosophical basis of Bayesian statistics.
1861 George Ballard Mathews, FRS (February 23, 1861 — March 19, 1922) was a London born mathematician who specialized in number theory.
He transformed nearly all areas of mathematics, for which his talent showed from a very early age. For his contributions to theory in magnetism and electricity, a unit of magnetic field has been named the gauss. He devised the method of least squares in statistics, and his Gaussian error curve remains well-known. He anticipated the SI system in his proposal that physical units should be based on a few absolute units such as length, mass and time. In astronomy, he calculated the orbits of the small planets Ceres and Pallas by a new method. He invented the heliotrope for trigonometric determination of the Earth's shape. With Weber, he developed an electromagnetic telegraph and two magnetometers. *TIS; He proved that the heptadecagon (17 gon) was constructable (see April 8) with straight-edge and compass. Because of difficulties engraving the 17gon on his memorial, a seventeen pointed star was used instead.
The Star is located below his foot on the right of the monument pedestal. Dave Renfro has provided me a complete and elementary proof of the construction.
1961 Mary Ann Elizabeth Stephansen (10 March 1872 in Bergen, Norway - 23 Feb 1961 in Espeland, Norway)received her Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Zurich in 1902. She was the first woman from Norway to receive a doctoral degree in any subject. Her thesis area was in partial differential equations. It was not until 1971 that another Norwegian woman obtained a doctorate in mathematics. Stephansen taught at the Norwegian Agricultural College from 1906 until her retirement in 1937. She began as an assistant in physics and mathematics, then was appointed to a newly created docent position in mathematics in 1921. She published four mathematical research papers on partial differential equations and difference equations.


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Understanding the Impact of Relationship Disruptions
Christian Schmitz, Maximilian Friess, Sascha Alavi and Johannes Habel
JM Insights in the Classroom
Teaching Insights
Customer-salesperson relationship disruptions do not necessarily harm financial performance of a customer relationship; they can help performance in favorable conditions.
Understanding the Impact of Relationship Disruptions from American Marketing Association | Journals
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Related Marketing Courses:
Business-to-Business Marketing; Salesforce Management
Full Citation:
Schmitz, Christian, Maximilian Friess, Sascha Alavi, and Johannes Habel (2020), "Understanding the Impact of Relationship Disruptions," Journal of Marketing, 84(1), 66-87.
Article Abstract:
Personal relationships between salespeople and customers are essential for the success of business-to-business (B2B) relationships and research has shown that a change of the salesperson can severely harm financial performance. Yet such interpersonal relationship disruptions also may have positive effects, by encouraging vitalizing reexplorations of the relationship. Using multilevel loyalty theory and relationship lifecycle theory, the authors offer a comprehensive conceptualization of potentially countervailing consequences of relationship disruptions. In particular, disruptions may have different effects on resale revenue (from previously sold products) versus new sale revenue (from newly sold products), contingent on both the history and expected future development of the relationship. Therefore, this study examines moderators on the firm-level relationship prior to disruption and salesperson relationship management afterward. Longitudinal data from 2,040 customers of an international business-to-business firm reveal that a disruption can increase overall performance by more than 29%, depending on the firm-level relationship before disruption and the new salesperson's relationship management. Managers can use these findings proactively to evaluate and manage the risks and opportunities involved in relationship disruptions.
Special thanks to Kelley Gullo and Holly Howe, Ph.D. candidates at Duke University, for their support in working with authors on submissions to this program.
Search other Insights in the Classroom
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Christian Schmitz
Maximilian Friess
Sascha Alavi
Johannes Habel
Johannes Habel is Associate Professor of Marketing, C.T. Bauer College of Business, University of Houston, United States.


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Automotive Skills for the Next Generation
As part of Hagerty's Youth Programs, we developed the Hagerty Test Garage to help ensure the future of the classic car hobby by providing young people with unique access to classic car-related experiences. For more information, please contact us at youthprograms@hagerty.com.
The Hagerty Test Garage focuses on a variety of automotive skills. Past events have included the following stations:
Instructor: Ed Welburn
General Motors Vice President of Global Design, retired
From initial vision to final product, Ed Welburn walked participants through basic automotive sketching in addition to expanding on the path that led him to a successful career.
Instructor: Casey Maxon
Heritage Manager, Historic Vehicle Association
Participants learned the basics of photography and its importance to automotive heritage while documenting the 1938 Buick 'Y' Job –the first GM concept car at the Historic Vehicle Association documentation lab.
Instructor: Miles Birch
Restorer and McPherson College Graduate
Participants explored pinstriping techniques and the importance and relevance of this skill to classic cars and in the restoration field.
TBD - Check back for upcoming programs.
Ever since I was a kid, I dreamt of joining GM's design team. It was the only job I ever wanted, and after 44 years with the company, I never lost sight of that childhood dream," said Ed Welburn. "Car-obsessed kids can have such a profound impact on the future of the automotive industry. Being an automobile designer is important work, but it's also a lot of fun, which is why programs like the Hagerty Test Garage are so important in helping today's youth learn more about the industry and realize their dreams."


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How to Find a Revolutionary War Patriot
Dick Eastman	· November 10, 2015 · Genealogy Basics	· 14 Comments
After earlier skirmishes, the American Revolutionary War started with the battle between British troops and local Massachusetts militia at Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts, on 19 April 1775. It ended eight years later with the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. If you have been able to trace your ancestry in America back to those years, you have an excellent chance of finding at least one ancestor who had some type of service related to the Revolutionary War effort.
In fact, your ancestor may have been a Patriot or a Loyalist. We don't celebrate the efforts of Loyalists very much in the United States, but go north to Canada and you will find that Loyalists are well documented and honored as heroes. They are especially honored for their contribution to the development of Canada. Perhaps one Canadian in ten has a Loyalist ancestor, and many people with English blood who live elsewhere – in the United States, in commonwealth countries such as Australia and New Zealand, or in nearly any other country round the world – are also of Loyalist descent. Visit the United Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada web site at http://www.uelac.org/ for more information.
If you have already documented your U.S. ancestry to 1760 or earlier, you already have an excellent chance of finding either a Patriot or a Loyalist in the family tree. Boys as young as 16 were allowed to serve, so any male ancestors born in 1760 or earlier are possible veterans. You can even find a few younger boys who served as drummers or assistants in the Revolutionary War and later were credited as veterans, even though they were not considered soldiers during the war itself.
Those who didn't serve directly in a military capacity may have helped in other ways, such as providing goods, supplies, or non-military service to the cause. Women also participated in the American Revolution, sometimes as spies, and a very few even fought in battles while disguised as male soldiers.
If your ancestor served as a Patriot and lived long enough after the war to apply for a pension, you can probably find a pension application for him. Almost all federal pension applications have survived, even the applications of those who were later turned down. In most cases, the veterans had to prove they were true veterans and therefore eligible for pensions. The "proof" often consisted of testimonials from relatives, neighbors, or from other military veterans with whom they served. Such testimonials often provide a wealth of genealogy information, frequently mentioning parents, spouses, siblings, and children. Even the applications that were eventually rejected can be valuable to today's genealogists.
Before 1818, national pension laws concerning veterans of the Revolution specified disability or death of a serviceman as the basis for a pension award (with the exception of the Continental Congress resolution of May 15, 1778, granting half pay to officers for service alone). On March 18, 1818, the U. S. Congress granted pensions to Revolutionary War veterans for service from which no disabilities resulted. Officers and enlisted men in need of assistance were eligible under the terms of the 1818 act if they had served in a Continental military organization or in the U. S. naval service (including the Marines) for 9 months or until the end of the war. Pensions granted under this act were to continue for life.
Congress passed another service-pension act on May 15, 1823, which granted full pay for life to surviving officers and enlisted men of the Revolutionary War who were eligible for benefits under the terms of the Continental Congress resolution of May 15, 1778, as amended.
The last and most liberal of the service-pension acts benefiting Revolutionary War veterans was passed on June 7, 1832, and extended the provisions of the law of May 15, 1828 to even more veterans. The act provided that every officer or enlisted man who had served at least 2 years in the Continental Line or State troops, volunteers or militia, was eligible for a pension of full pay for life. Naval and marine officers and enlisted men were also included. Veterans who had served less than 2 years, but not less than 6 months, were eligible for pensions of less than full pay. While thousands applied for pensions under the earlier acts of Congress, this final act of 1832 was the one that saw the most applications.
In 1832, all of the living veterans would have been at least 72 years old. Many had already died, either from war injuries or from unrelated causes. In many cases, widows of veterans applied for benefits based on a husband's service. In most cases, widows' applications provided even more family information than did the applications received from actual veterans.
On July 29, 1848, Congress provided life pensions for widows of veterans who were married before January 2, 1800. All restrictions pertaining to the date of marriage were removed by acts of February 3, 1853, and February 28, 1855. On March 9, 1878, widows of Revolutionary War soldiers who had served for as few as 14 days, or were in any engagement, were declared eligible for life pensions. This was still an issue in 1878 because many older veterans had married younger women, resulting in a large number of widows obtaining benefits 108 years or more after the birth of their husbands.
Follow the Money – Tracking Revolutionary War Army Pension Payments by Claire Prechtel-Kluskens is a great tutorial on researching Revolutionary War pension applications. The tutorial may be found at http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2008/winter/follow-money.html.
Revolutionary War pension applications may be found in their entirety on Fold3.com at http://www.fold3.com along with many Revolutionary War service records, final payment vouchers for several states, many Revolutionary War rolls, and more.
RootsWeb at http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com is another good place for identifying Patriot ancestors, although the site is not easily searched. The information there is submitted by other RootsWeb users so accuracy is not guaranteed. In fact, the site is plagued with many errors but you will find it easier to start with other people's research and then gather the required documentation yourself from other sources that is needed to validate the research than to try to research something entirely from scratch. As always with any genealogy claims, you need to independently verify each piece of information you obtain on RootsWeb.
Census Records for 1790 and the early 1800s also can be very helpful in identifying Revolutionary War ancestors. The census records may be found on MyHeritage.com, Ancestry.com. FamilySearch.org also has many census records available online although not all of them.
If you are unsuccessful at proving connections via the above online resources, you will need to resort to printed books and microfilm images as many of the needed records are not yet online.
If you have identified an ancestor born between 1710 and 1765 who was living in 1775-1776, check the online DAR Patriot Index to see if your ancestor is listed. If the answer is yes, someone else has submitted an approved DAR application for your ancestor; you will want to see more details in that application. If the answer is no, your ancestor could still be a Revolutionary War patriot; however, no one has submitted an approved DAR application for him/her.
A DAR Patriot INDEX (not the full records) is available at http://services.dar.org/public/dar_research/search/?Tab_ID=1.
Other books to be searched include numerous compilations or source records from various states, land grants made years later as a result of Revolutionary War service, and even books about various generals and admirals that may mention some of the men who served under them.
You can find many such books in your local library and at Google Books. For example, I looked in Google Books and found a biography of Revolutionary War Captain John Paul Jones that mentioned one of my ancestors, a Marine who served on board the Ranger under the command of Jones. You never know what you will find until you look!
As with any genealogy effort, a bit of perseverance may provide records you never knew about – and very possibly contribute facts about your ancestors that you never knew.
Chet Ogan November 11, 2015 at 2:26 am
So far I have documented at least 14 patriot ancestors who fought in the Revolutionary War. Two were at Valley Forge, both my immediate paternal ancestor, Thomas Ogan, who served in the 7th, 11th, and 15th Virginia Continental Line of General Daniel Morgan's Riflemen, and my immediate maternal ancestor, Israel Hilton Buker who was an Orderly Sergeant in the Massachusetts Continental Line and who was awarded a sword by General Marquis de Lafayette. Others fought in the frontiers of Kentucky and Ohio, at Ticonderoga, in the swamps of North Carolina, and at sea in the Continental Navy. I have found one Loyalist who retreated to Canada and one Scotsman Lt William McFarland who fought for the King in the French and Indian War, stayed in this country, but remained neutral during the Revolutionary War. Except for my father's mother's line (1840's arrivals), all my ancestors were in America by 1725, some 13 generations here in Virginia (1611) and Massachusetts (1620).
John November 11, 2015 at 10:44 am
Mr. Ogan, I sincerely hope you have put you research and results on one of the on-line sites so that your many relatives and other researchers can benefit from your dedication.
Clifford Normand November 11, 2015 at 10:52 am
The Spanish in the along the Gulf also played a very important part during the Revolution under Bernardo de Galvez by providing supplies to the American forces and in the capture of the British Forts at Manchac, Baton Rouge, Natchez, Mobile, and Pensacola. Descendants of the members of the Spanish Army and Navy and militias in Louisiana and St. Louis plus those involved in supplying and driving cattle from Texas to Louisiana also can recognize their ancestors by joining the SAR or the DAR.
Christine CO November 11, 2015 at 11:18 am
Although the DAR online Patriot Index is an Index, it provides substantial information about patriots who are listed, including (if applicable) birth and death dates and places, state(s) from which the person served, unit(s), rank, US pension number, residences, name(s) of spouse(s), name(s) of child(ren) on whom applications have been submitted, name(s) of spouse(s) of those children, and names of people who have submitted approved DAR applications or supplementals on the person (names of living DAR members are suppressed). One can also click on links to see the complete pedigree from a DAR member back to a Patriot, and other relationship information. One caveat: in the early years of the DAR, standards of proof weren't as stringent as they are now, so there is some erroneous information in the database, and earlier applications have fewer sources listed. However, the DAR is working to correct these problems, and recent applications are well-vetted. Also, names may be spelled in ways other than the searcher expects: members of the Pennsylvania Fiscus family are entered under the spelling "Fiskes," which the family never used, but was used in some official document. However, in this case, and I'm sure in many others where the name has been spelled phonetically, if I search for "Fiscus," I get a messages telling me to try a search for "Fiskes." Unfortunately, the DAR doesn't seem to be open to efforts to correct the spelling of misspelled names once they are in the system.
Maria November 12, 2015 at 1:34 pm
The names aren't misspelled in the DAR's database. DAR uses phonetic spellings to standardize the various spellings that can be encountered in this era. When a women is accepted, she can have the Patriot's name spelled any way she likes on her certificate as well as her Patriot bar on her insignia.
Re. Spanish…Other nationalities fought in the American Revolution, as well. At the DAR national conference this summer, I spoke with a French woman who descended from a French soldier who served the the Revolution.
Mona Sarratt Knight November 11, 2015 at 11:41 am
Don't forget to search records at the National Archives. If you don't subscribe to fold3.com, you can still search the National Archives on location. They have research and records centers in Washington, D.C.; Ohio; Maryland; Colorado; Illinois; Texas; Missouri; Kansas. Google National Archives to find a location near you.
Lou Jones November 11, 2015 at 2:14 pm
The 1840 US Census has a column for "Pensioners for Revolutionary or military services" included in the household. That's how I discovered the name of one of the members of the Robert Jones household who I later figured out was his mother-in-law. Her Rev. War pension record provided a wealth of details about her husband and his military record, their marriage and family, and where they lived.
Brett November 12, 2015 at 3:57 am
I don't seem to find this column on one of my revolutionary soldiers. Was this column on the preprinted forms for the US 1840 Federal Census?
The column is on page 2 of the preprinted 1840 census form. I didn't realize there was a page 2 the first time I found the Robert Jones household. I discovered it later when I clicked on 'next page' while browsing the census records for names of others in the neighborhood. Page 2 also includes tallies of slaves, agricultural workers, etc.
Gerald Preas November 11, 2015 at 4:58 pm
Remember Vets had almost to have nothing and no one to help them, like a healthy family. So many did not apply if owned anything of value
Claudia November 12, 2015 at 1:50 pm
My husbands (suspected ancestor James Coleman-PA) has a file folder for the Revolutionary war records but it is empty. He was in the militia and paid taxes but disappeared sometime after the 1800 census never to be seen or paid taxes again. Can not find his wife or children. His two brothers are well documented but not James.
Andrew Waller November 12, 2015 at 2:22 pm
Was just approved for SAR membership in July. My ancestor, Cpl. William Waller (5x GGF), served from 1776-1779, and re-enlisted in Oct. 1781 for the Yorktown campaign. He witnessed the fall of Ft. Washington, crossed the Delaware, participated in the Battles of Trenton, Princeton, Germantown, Monmouth, was at Brandywine, but was sick with dysentery. Was also at Valley Forge. He was with the Maryland and Virginia Rifle Regiment, but was then attached to the 11th Virginia Regiment, led by Daniel Morgan, who was away at the time taking Burgoyne at Saratoga.
Getting ready to trace another 5x GGF, James C. Callaway, who was captured with my uncles, Micajah Callaway and Daniel Boone, at the Blue Licks, Kentucky, by the Shawnee. He was marched to Detroit and sold to the British, and was a prisoner for two years.
I was born in Peoria, grew up in Washington, Illinois. My family has lived in the Peoria area for over 150 years.
Nancy Elizabeth Thomas December 1, 2015 at 9:50 am
Any advice for possible Loyalist research? So far the sites I have looked at, including the one you mentioned, have not been very helpful. I have limited info, though, so that is also a problem. Female ancestor born in St. John, New Brunswick around 1800 and married and lived in Brooklyn, NY by 1828. No maiden name and not sure if her family came from NY or from Canada.
NYPL's Early American Manuscripts Project
New FamilySearch Collections Update: November 9, 2015


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U.S. Navy Band Commodores to Perform at State High
by StateCollege.com staff on October 17, 2019 12:57 PM
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Musician 1st Class Kristine Hsia sings with the U.S. Navy Band Commodores jazz ensemble during a concert at the University of North Florida. The U.S. Navy Band Commodores jazz ensemble is on a 22-day tour of the southeastern United States, connecting communities to the Navy and building awareness and support for the Navy. (U.S. Navy photo by Musician 1st Class Sarah Blecker)
The elite U.S. Navy Band Commodores jazz ensemble will perform on Monday at State College Area High School's new auditorium
Scheduled for 7:30 p.m., the concert is part of a 2019 tour taking the ensemble to 20 cities in seven states. Admission is free, but tickets are required and can be obtained online.
The Washington, D.C.-based U.S. Navy Band is the Navy's flagship musical organization, with the jazz ensemble one of the its six performing ensembles.
"Jazz is America's music and the Commodores, the Navy's premier jazz ensemble, have been performing the very best of big band jazz for the Navy and the nation for almost 50 years," a Navy Band press release said. "They have appeared on TV shows, played nearly all the major jazz festivals and toured across the United States and abroad. This vibrant, dynamic group is constantly striving for musical excellence and the pursuit of new and exciting ways to communicate with their audiences."
This year, State College Area School District was named one of the National Association of Music Merchants Best Communities for Music Education for the sixth year in a row and the 15th time overall.
StateCollege.com staff
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State College, BEA Girls' Volleyball Clinch Conference Titles
by Centre County Gazette by Gordon Brunskill
The final days of the regular season are closing in. Some area girls' volleyball teams have their eyes on the postseason, and a pair have wrapped up league titles.
Bald Eagle Area and State College each clinched regular-season titles in their conferences, with the Lady Eagles earning a fifth straight Mountain League crown and the Lady Little Lions taking the Mid Penn Conference's Comm