text:
(→General prohibition)
# There is a dispute among the Rishonim whether Dosh is only violated by removing something that is covered by its encasing, as was the case in the mishkan, or that any detachment from something unwanted would be a violation of Dosh.<ref> This dispute is quoted in Eglei Tal (Dosh #2:3). It is based on the machloket between Rashi (73b s.v. mefareik) and Tosfos (73b s.v. v'achas) about how to explain why the Gemara says that one would be in violation of a toldah of Dosh when knocking off a tree.
* Seemingly, this question is relevant to whether it is permitted to detach grapes from their vine, and, thus, the Achronim wonder why it is that the Ramo (siman 336:8) rules without question that it is permitted to remove a fruit from a branch that was detached before Shabbos.
* The Pri Megadim (introduction to siman 320) explains that the Ramo concludes like those Rishonim who assume Dosh is only violated when it entails removing something usable from a covered p'soles.
* However, many Achronim are weary of taking this approach. As an alternative, the Eglei Tal (Dosh #11) says that Dosh does not apply when the detachment is being done for immediate use, as threshing is done as a preparation for further processing. A similar approach is taken by Rav Moshe Feinstein (Igros Moshe O"C vol. 1, siman 125) to explain why the removal of a shell from a nut or a peel from garlic is only a question of Borer and not Dosh.
* Another explanation is offered by the Shvisas HaShabbos (Introduction to Meleches Dosh, no. 4) quoting the Shem Chodosh who argues that Dosh is only violated when the ochel is extracted by putting pressure on the entire item, which was the way it was done in the Mishkan.
* Rav Mordechai Willig (Am Mordechai Shabbos siman 21) suggests a fourth approach based on the Aruch Hashulchan (319:20) that Dosh is only violated when working on many items at the same time. Rav Willig notes that according to this explanation one would have to be careful not to pick many grapes at once. </ref>
# A toldah of Dash is mefarek, squeezing fruits. Biblically this applies to squeezing grapes for their juice or olives for their oil.<ref>Mishna Brurah 320:1, Yalkut Yosef Shabbat v. 3 320:1</ref>
* Shulchan Aruch 320:1 writes that it's forbidden to squeeze olives and grapes and the juice which flows from them on their own is also forbidden for consumption. However, berries and pomegranates even though they are forbidden to be squeezed the juices from them that flow on their own are permissible if the fruit was meant to be eaten and not be squeezed for the juice. Lastly, all other fruits may be squeezed. The Rama 320:1 explains that in places where it's normal to squeeze certain fruits for their juices it is also forbidden to squeeze those fruits just like berries and pomegranates; in other words, the Rama 320:1 holds that a fruit's usage is based location. Mishna Brurah 320:5 explains that [[squeezing]] berries and pomegranates is forbidden rabbinically because some people squeeze them for the juice like grapes and olives. However, all other fruit in the days of Shulchan Aruch weren't squeezed for juice and were eaten. That's why it is permissible to squeeze such fruits because the fruit if considered like a solid and extracting one solid from another is permissible.
* Therefore, the Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata (chap 5 note 4) writes that nowadays that it is common to squeeze all fruits for their juice it is forbidden to squeeze any fruit on [[Shabbat]]. On the other hand, 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 328) lists certain fruits which are rabbinically prohibited to squeeze including oranges, lemons, grapefruits, apples, pineapples, cherries, strawberries, peaches, plums, pomegranates, and tomatoes. Similarly, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]], vol 3, 343 and 491) delineates certain fruits which are squeezed for the juices in some places such as grapes, olives, berries, pomegranates, apples, grapefruits, pears, mangoes, tangerines, and pineapples would be forbidden to squeeze on [[Shabbat]], however, fruits which are not squeezed anywhere such as quince or watermelon one be squeezed on [[Shabbat]]. Yalkut Yosef (pg 344) adds that even when it is permissible to squeeze a fruit, it may only be done by hand and not with a juicer (tool).</ref> One may not squeeze a fruit into an empty vessel with intent to put solid food in afterwards. <Ref> Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 5:5. The Mishna Brurah (Sha'ar Ha'tziun Siman 320, no. 23) quotes a machlokes Rishonim regarding squeezing into a plate with the intention of subsequently pouring it into food. The Chazon Ish (O"C 55:6) rules that it is only permitted if it is directly onto food and such is the opinion of Shmiras Shabbos k'Hilchiso (chap. 5, seif 5). See, however, Biur Halacha 320:1 s.v. muter </ref>
# It's permitted to squeeze a fruit with one's hand onto a solid food if either the food absorbs the liquid or the liquid is meant to improve the flavor of the food. <Ref>Gemara Shabbat 144b, Shulchan Aruch 505:1, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 5:3,7, 39 Melachos (vol 2, pg 345) </ref>
# It is permitted to squeeze a lemon on sugar even if one's intent is to put the sugar in a liquid afterwards, however, there are authorities who are strict on this issue. <Ref> Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 5:5,6, 39 Melachos (vol 2, pg 346). Although the Shulchan Aruch 320:6 states that one may squeeze a lemon on [[Shabbat]], the Mishna Brurah 320:22 explains that the reason for the leniency doesn't apply today. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 80:12 writes that it is forbidden to squeeze lemons to make lemonade.</ref>
# It is permitted to squeeze grapes onto food, but it is forbidden to squeeze grapes into an empty dish even if it is for flavor. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 320:4 </ref>
# However, if one is stringent and does not even squeeze fruits onto food shall be blessed. <ref> Mishnah Brurah 320:17 </ref>
# It is forbidden to squeeze any liquid out of any cloth on [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 320:12, 18, 39 Melachos (vol 2, pg 347) </ref>
# It is forbidden to squeeze water out of one's hair on [[Shabbat]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 326:25. See Yabia Omer 4:30:19 who proves that the Rashba and other rishonim hold that there's no rabbinic prohibition to squeeze hair. However, he does not conclude in accordance with those rishonim; instead he follows the Rambam and Shulchan Aruch that it is rabbinically forbidden.</ref> Similarly, one shouldn't shampoo one's hair on [[shabbat]].<ref>39 Melachos (vol 2, pg 371)</ref>
# One may not dry one's hair with a towel by pressing the towel to the wet hair. Instead one should touch the towel lightly to the hair.<ref>Ben Ish Chai (Pekudei II n. 8) writes that one could pat dry the hair with a towel but not press. This is also the conclusion of [https://www.yeshiva.org.il/ask/91086]. See Piskei Teshuvot 326:12 with all the opinions. Mishna Brurah (Biur Halacha 326:8) emphasizes that when going to the mikveh one should be careful not to violate sechita implies the same.</ref>
# One may tightly wrap a towel on one's hair to absorb the liquid because the liquid is absorbed immediately and becomes useless.<ref>39 Melachos (vol 2, pg 371)</ref>
# Some permit drying one's beard on Shabbat.<ref>Igrot Moshe 1:133</ref>
# Some say that one may use baby wipes to clean a baby if one does it gently and doesn't press down.<ref>Yalkut Yosef 302:31 based on Har Tzvi OC 1:190, [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=2277 Rabbi Mansour] on Dailyhalacha.com</ref> However, some advise not using baby wipes but rather tissues and water as described in the following halacha. <ref>39 Melachos (vol 2, pg 353) </ref>
* [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/802348/Rabbi_Daniel_Stein/Gemara_Shabbos_#51_-_Dosh:_Sechitah_Review Dosh: Sechita Review] by Rabbi Daniel Stein


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Chris Brown's Grammy Twitter Rant Shows He Still Doesn't Get It.
After winning a 2012 Grammy Award for Best R&B album and making a triumphant return to the Grammy stage three years after the brutal 2009 beating of ex-girlfriend Rihanna, Chris Brown and his Team Breezy fans took to Twitter to remind us all why we need not forget he's a hot-tempered abuser who desperately needs to be on someone's couch, working through his anger issues.
Shortly after winning his Grammy and performing twice at the star-studded ceremony, Brown tweeted: HATE ALL U WANT BECUZ I GOT A GRAMMY Now! That's the ultimate F*** OFF!" Most likely realizing that this wasn't the best way to convince people he deserved his comeback or Grammy, someone deleted that tweet and Brown tried again: "IM BACK SO WATCH MY BaCK as I walk away from all this negativity #teambreezygrammy."
Meanwhile, Twitter was abuzz with fans saying they'd gladly let Chris Brown beat them, seeing as he's so hot and sexy and can sing and dance. I'm not making this up. This screenshot came from my girls over at Clutch.
Now, I'm not gonna front: I do enjoy watching Chris Brown dance and the same was true on Grammy night when I posted a status update saying I dug his performance. Of course, I'd never let him anywhere near my daughters. And I think he needs better songwriters for some of his latest songs (be clear: "I just wanna see you strip" does not rise anywhere to the lyrical level of, say, Stevie Wonder's "If It's Magic," Kanye West's "Jesus Walks," or Cee Lo Green's "I'm A Fool"). But, I argued to a few of my friends who boycotted the Grammy's over Brown's performance, isn't it time we acknowledge that Brown served his time and apologized again and again and again for his actions and just, like, let the guy move on? Clearly, despite that he got off with only five years probation for the Rihanna beating, he's still paying for his actions every time his name is mentioned; rest assured, if he were to live to be 100, his New York Times obit would tell us two things: that he was an amazing performer and he beat the crap out of one of the most famous pop stars in the world.
But after Brown's Twitter rant and the self-loathing tweets of dozens of young women looking for a sound Chris Breezy beat down, I see, now, that allowing Brown to move on isn't as easy as it sounds. And, like my Facebook friends Anne Marie and Beth noted, it shouldn't be.
Clearly, this man continues to be surrounded by a posse of employees, hangers-on and fans whose very livelihoods are dependent on this man's popularity—so much so that one can only imagine the amount of smoke they must be blowing up his ass every day to convince him that the public is over "the incident" and ready to move on and that it's not necessary for him to be contrite as he makes his way back into our good graces. This surely must make Brown feel like he can move on, make popular albums, perform at the Grammy's and never, ever truly confront what he did to Rihanna. It probably doesn't help, either, that a bunch of misguided, foolish little girls continue to publicly state they fully support the singer—so much so that they'd like to proclaim not only that Rihanna did something to provoke Brown's vicious attack but that they'd like in on a Chris Brown beating, too.
All is which to say that Brown's reality of how we mere mortals feel about his actions and antics is woefully different from us women and mothers and fathers of young daughters and men with the sense of a billy goat—all of us whom feel quite passionately that he should be somewhere paying a lot more for what he did to Rihanna's face and body. At the very least, it's not unreasonable to expect that he would keep himself off The Twitter, telling his "haters" to eff off—that maybe he might come down from on high and tell his Team Breezy fans that Tweeting to the world that they want to be punched in the face by a convicted violent offender is not only idiotic, but pretty damn sick.
Apparently, this is much too much to expect from Brown. It's clear that he feels like the public doesn't have the right to be upset with him—that we're all "hating." Which is plain cray. Quite the contrary, we loved him. He was wholesome. Handsome. With this incredible voice and incredible moves and even decent acting skills—all the qualities that could one day make him an iconic figure on the level of, say, a Will Smith. We adults had only good feelings about him—didn't even mind buying his album and a poster or two for our daughters. Haters, we are not. That's a title reserved for people jealous of your success.
What we are tired of are the little boy antics, the tirades, the devil-may-care attitude. Just when we're ready to let him back in our good graces, he basically gives all of us another middle finger, making it impossible to come to his defense, even for those of us who feel like the system does what it does and he emerged from his punishment, apologized for his actions and should now be given the chance to continue to earn a living.
Chris Brown, then, becomes a case study for my kids on this valuable lesson: When you screw up, everybody watches you closely to make sure that you understand that what you did was wrong—that you're truly sorry, won't do it again, and will go out of your way to show and prove that you're a better person having emerged from the dark. The last thing you want to do is dredge up all those old feelings with new indiscretions that make clear you haven't learned a single, solitary thing. That don't allow people—the ones who really do want to root for you—to heal.
That Chris Brown hasn't learned this much after all these years gone by is certainly the shame of it all. That there are dozens of young women who would put themselves on the business end of his fist is downright frightening. And quite frankly, all of this madness is quite overwhelming for a mother raising daughters who just want to be entertained, sans the lunacy of the Chris Brown circus.
1. Spurred by Rihanna and Chris Brown, One Teenager Tries to Curb Teen Dating Violence
2. And Here I Was Thinking The Chris Brown/Rihanna Incident Was A "Teachable Moment.
3. Herman Cain & His Forgetful Hands: The Importance of Teaching Boys R.E.S.P.E.C.T. For Girls & Women
4. Gang Rape in Texas: When Will We Stop Sacrificing Girls In Defense of Black Boys?
Stacie @ The Divine Miss Mommy
Well said. I was telling my husband during the Grammys that I was very surprised to see him up there.
ZulyMarie
Well HEYY.. shit happens lady. Chris isn't the only man in the world to hit a woman. I mean YEAH he's a sinqer and all, but everyone took it to the damn exterme. People just need to leave him alone, and let him live his life like he deserves to. BTW.. look at Rhianna! She's obviously worst than CHRIS is. She's been talkinq shit this whole time.. while she is still tryinq to win him back from Karrueche. COME ON! Don't you think she's the biqqer IDIOT! Wake up and smell the coffee people! RHIAANA just wants the damn ATTENTION! I'm never been a fan of her and never will be. "BUT I'M STILL ON TEAM BREEZY"! 😉
lol…. so you think he should be jailed for his incident with RiRi… And what should her punishment be. Last time i checked she was no innocent victim. He has all right to stick his middle finger up to everybody that placed judgment on him without knowing the entire story. I am sick and tired of everybody blaming this man for something that both parties were involved in. He apologized to her and all of the world… what else do you want from him… he did his CS. he is now always going to be labeled an angry black man with no respect for woman. ok, he has that title… what else do you want from this man. Three years later and after she forgave him… what else should he do?
Parents with little girls stop having them think that it is okay to attack verbally and physically these boys with out consequence. These girls now adays are the aggressor. The only way that girls are going to beat these men are through the system that is set up for the men to lose. Especially young black men.
Talith
Without consequence? What consequence should a woman expect when she voices her opinion?? To be beat about the face, head and arms because she hurt his male pride? We were raised that boys don't hit girls. Apparently things have changed. No wonder recent statistics show that the number one cause of death for black women between the ages of 15-44 is Domestic Violence. The fact that women, particularly OUR women are making excuses for his actions sends a dangerous message to our daughters, to women all over the world, and to our sons as well. What do I expect him to do? How about be contrite? How about become the poster boy of a public campaign to curb domestic violence towards women? It's his ATTITUDE , arrogance, and apparent lack of sincerity that disturbs me the most. Question, what you would do if your daughter came home bloodied, battered and bruised at the hands of a boyfriend because she said something "he didn't like"? As the mother of an 18 year old daughter I'mma tell you right now, it'd be time to "pop the trunk". Even if it was "Chris Breezy".
YES! Talith, you said it perfectly!
THANK YHU! That's what people don't see. Chris has done EVERYTHING in his power to make his fans happy. And he APOLOGIZED to the damn world incudinq RHIANNA! People need to leave him alone and move on with there lives and let him live his. #TEAMBREEZY ALL THE WAY!
Brooke at Love's Gumbo
Women have an obsession with bad boys. We pull for them, are attracted to them, hate them, talk about them, try to control them, try to break them, try to change them, try to love them, and give them way too much attention. When Chris Brown did what he did, I hoped he would grow because I could remember being a child doing wild things like hitting people. However, I put him on ice. I dropped the black curtain, so that I wouldn't be overly concerned with him one way or the other. My children wanted me to take a stance, but I didn't. I told them I wasn't there I don't know what happened and that was that. However, they didn't see me interested in him or his music again. I used to dance to "run it," but I now I don't even play it. It's not a boycott, I am just not interested anymore. I just don't pay attention to him anymore. I watched him at the Grammy's without really seeing him. My husband mentioned that he had cleaned up a bit, and I acknowledge it. However, I've put him where I put all people who do things I don't like, on ice, in the freezer, in the cooler. I put them there until they show me they can come out. He's shown me that he should stay there. We should all put him there because the more we tweet about, write about, FB about, chat about, even comment about (like I'm doing), he'll feel relevant. We must ask ourselves why we as women can't just ignore a bad boy? Why must we constantly give them the attention they crave. The attention we give, positive or negative keeps him acting out.
Pat Harris
Brooke nailed it. Ignore him.
Frantzie
Do not judge so that you will not be judged" Matthew 7:1
I can't believe we're still on Chris Brown in 2012. Seriously, let the man live. RiRi is certainly not perfect. Has anyone seen her twitter rants? Not exactly exemplary. There's enough people watching him closely and waiting for him to fail so they can say "See, I told you you so." He does not need anymore of it from us. Plus he's young. Our community is always talking about uplifting Black men. Well, sh*t…let's try to bring this brother up and not point out his every failure.
MissFeb
I refuse to uplift a felon at the expense of black women's health and safety. Black communities need to celebrate strong, intelligent, respectful men…not violent felons like Brown that bring the community down, hurt women and children, and lower the bar for other black men.
Melanie @ Mel, A Dramatic Mommy
Chris Brown isn't a man. He's still a boy. No one in his life seems capable of helping him make that transition, or even insisting he get help to get there. I was ready to partially defend him (not his actions) and say not to let his past define him, but then the Tweet came and blew my argument to smithereens.
I would like nothing more than to be able to lift him up. But how can I? I have a son. I won't let him listen to the music because of the lyrics. So what am I supposed to do? What part of Chris' personality should I use as an example?
^^^^^^ THIS ^^^^^^^^^
Thank you, Melanie.
Mwatuangi
I'm sorry, but him making a tweet about ignorant people who want to permanently label him as an aggressive woman beater and calling them "haters" is perfectly fine in my book. When it comes to issues of domestic abuse like these – and both parties were somewhat guilty in this case, though I don't condone the way he handled this- it isn't the court of public opinion that matters, it's the opinions of the victim. He served his time doing CS, he lost his sponsors, and lot's of respect. If she can forgive him, then so can we.
As for his rabid fans, I find them no different from the foolish young girls who fantasize about even older men with questionable histories doing such. Those kinds of people will always surface out of a fanbase. If anything, it's a sign that parents need to get their priorities straight in what they teach their children, as it certainly isn't the artist's responsibility to raise their kids. Half the people already angry with him would probably use that as a chance to criticize him further even if he did respond and advise them not to engage in such behavior.
I think this post does not tell the entire story. First of all,I agree with others that he is not a man ,he is a boy..He needs guidance to help him make that transition and maybe some couch time as do most of us if we are honest with ourselves..Anyway, he,as immature as it was,was responding to all the crazy folks that wont let sleeping dogs rest. All the folks apparently mad that the Grammy's allowed him to perform as they say twice, "gave"him a Grammy,like he didn't earn it,Boycott the show because he was on it.Come on people. I could name quite a few folks in hollywood that are not up to snuff but they are not continually demonized and criminalized constantly..He is already going to have to wear the scarlet letter B,for bad boy, woman beater for life. No media outlet is going to pass up the chance to mention his name and the fight between him and Rhianna ever again. He acted out,plain and simple. Secondly,regarding these girls tweeting about getting beat..That foolishness has nothing to do with CB nor is it his responsibility. That foolishness is up-bringing and a self worth issue and might I add they need couch time too. Third, I also agree with someone who was making a point about these dam girls hitting on these boys and expecting them not to hit them back. I do not condone in anyway the abuse of women. My boys are under 3 but I will be teaching them how to deal with this type of female..Walk away and never deal with them AGAIN..Noone should be putting their hands on each other PERIOD! Hell I am married for 12 years and my hubby has never laid a hand on me but I will say my mouth in our early years ,if he was a different kind of man,it might have been some furniture moving:) because frankly you can only push a man so far and if we are honest with ourselves we know some of our mouths can write a check as my mama used to say…that our butt can't cash..Finally, CB needs guidance and to be left alone so he can heal too. If everytime he turns around someone is throwing that mistake in his face he can never move on from it. Even the good lord grants GRACE so why can't we. I digress.
DFig
I'm a little shocked at those who find this article one-sided or lacking in some way. I am also somewhat tired of those that say this was a conflict caused by two people and implying that she brought this upon herself. Don't get me wrong, if she hit him and assaulted him he had every right to protect himself. But what we saw in those images was not self-defense. It was WAY beyond that.
But ignoring all that, I think the point is he is NOT a child. He is 22, almost 23. I'm sorry, it is time for him to grow up and mature. He has responsibilities and privileges that demand it! A part of growing up is admitting when you are wrong (which I agree he has done), meaning it (this is where it seems he is lacking at times), and showing others that you have learned from your mistakes (also lacking). That twitter tirade were the words of a boy, not a boy growing into a man. I would expect better from my teenage cousins! We learn those traits in our teen years. Even earlier than that we learn that if you have nothing nice or positive to say, then say nothing.
He needs to grow up. Our at least show that he is growing into a man. As of now, he sounds like a child. BUT HE IS NOT! (although it seems our community gives grown men a pass to behave badly because they didn't have good role models. Excuses won't work when he's 30 and behaving the same way!)
He doesn't get it. He acts as if he's some victim – that he's facing adversity for no reason at all. Dude, you gave people, especially some people who were already waiting for an excuse, a very, very valid excuse to write you off. And although I believe in 2nd chances and rehabilitation, he doesn't get it. Even if Rihanna's a thuggish fighting chick (those do exist), there's no excuse for the degree of injuries she had that weren't shared by him. And he's just not smart enough to even PRETEND to be remorseful and pretend, even if he doesn't agree, that he's this enlightened, changed man, as opposed to an angry man-child who people are 'hating on' for no reason. He and Kanye need to grow up and get a grip. Do something, face the consequences and don't whine so much.
shanibeec
The bottom line is we need to get to a place in our community where we can separate bad behavior and the celebration of bad behavior from the overall inequities that the community faces. His apology was no different than those made by people who use racist language towards black people and say, "I'm sorry YOU thought I did something wrong." It may be hard for the supporters to appreciate the criticism of Brown, but it's actually for his own good. He is clearly not well (and neither is anyone else quick to defend him) if he thinks it's OK to trivialize a violent act against another person. This helps no one. I will not support Brown, and I turn the radio when R Kelly comes on too. And while I do not always accept when people who are uninformed about the inequities facing black people speak about controversy around a black person, this video exactly portrays the irrational behavior exhibited by all those who rush to defend Chris Brown, including Chris Brown: http://youtu.be/hU1mXS0KgqA.
Shanibeec: Thank you for the link to that video. LOVED it.
Brook nailed it indeed. I defended CB and hope and prayed he will mature and rise above it all. I too put people on ice and refuse to acknowledge them until they truly say something worth listening to. Nobody is perfect and Cb needs to grow up. all those people saying the boy should be left alone won't be buying his CDs when the White media gets tired of him and refuse to play his music. He's being too corky and he needs to just do his thing and keep quiet. He'll even Charlie Sheen has some what come to his senses. I want CB to succeed because it will mean my son and all the black boys who are constantly trying to be given a chance can see someone positive to look to and right now he's not convincing me. GROW UP.
Orliande
I don't condone any man hitting a woman. And i was never a Chris Brown fan. but as long as he's not dating and hitting anyone else. leave him. and we all love yo breeze over riri. The way she's be behaving, very "inspiring". Just party and parading around. fine example for young girls of today. We shouldnt make people like them both be and kind of inspiration to our kids. For me i think we sometimes put too much emphasis on celebs and put them on pedateles . and when they fail we, "see they ain't no good" its our jobs as parents to make sure the people our kids look up to make(us first) are good examples. Of course with internet, mags and tv. it's not easy. but it's not impossible.
There are many schools of thought when it comes to Chris Brown. The most popular being that we should let him be and move on. Another is that picking up some trash on the side of the road doesn't make up for abusing women. A combination of the two seems perfect to me, he has not done nearly enough to say "all is forgiven" and his cockiness, arrogance, and overall negative attitude is a testament to the fact that he is still way too immature to "move on". At the same time, we are feeding the beast, so to speak; we constantly Tweet about him, talk about him, bring his name up and he then feels justified in his actions because of the "haters". Do not forgive him. Ignore him. Eliminate him from pop culture. If we do not feed his ego, he will shrink away. Out of sight, Out of mind
PEOPLE MAKE IT SEEM LIKE HE'S THE ONLY MAN THAT PUT HIS HANDS ON A WOMAN. LIKE SOME OF YOU SAID "RHIANNA" IS AT FAULT ALSO. SHE HAS A BUNCH OF FANS WHO LOOK UP TO HER (NOT ME.. I'M ON TEAMBREEZY ALL THE DAMN WAY) AND SHE IS TRYING TO GET CHRIS BACK. PEOPLE JUST NEED TO KNOW SHE IS A BAD ROLE MODEL TO HER FANS. AND JUST BECAUSE SHE WAS THE ONE WITH HER FACE ALL SWOLLEN AND MESSED UP.. DOESN'T MAKE HER INNOCENT. ALL SHE WANTED THEN WAS ATTENTION, AND KNOW THAT SHE GOT IT SHE WANTS TO BE ON CHRIS SIDE AND HAVE HIM BACK. *NEWSFLASH! RHIANNA IS A DAMN IDIOT.. HE SHOULD JUST STAY WITH KARRUECHE TRAN. BECAUSE IF HE GOES BACK TO RHIAANA HIS LIFE MAY FALL APART. AND THAT'S NOT WHAT "I" WANT FOR CHRIS AT ALL!
Please, let Chris Brown move on. To Hell, at least.
Okay, maybe he is a good guy ( who beat the hell out of his girlfriend 3 years ago), but can we at least agree that he is a self-centered egomaniac?
◀ A 10-Year Sentence for Baby Snatching? It's an Outrage!
▶ A Middle Schooler Strip Searched in Front of Classmates? This Needs to Stop

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


If you work at a Walmart distribution center, there's a good chance your position will be eliminated in the near future. While the loss of jobs is never a good thing, not even the best worker can beat the efficiency of a drone at these tasks.
Walmart, the country's largest retailer, is testing the use of flying drones to handle inventory at its large warehouses, which supply the thousands of Walmart stores throughout the nation. In six to nine months, the company said, the machines may be used in one or more of its distribution centers. At a demonstration on Thursday at a dry goods distribution center here, a drone moved up and down an aisle packed nearly to the ceiling with boxes, taking 30 images per second. Shekar Natarajan, the vice president of last mile and emerging science, explained that the machines could help catalog in as little as a day what now takes employees about a month.


Come join the Living Water Baptist family at worship this week! Please join us for any of these opportunities to learn and grow in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ!
Our Christian Education ministry offers classes throughout the church calendar year that are biblical and basic; real and relevant in meeting the needs of the congregants to mature in their relationship with God, with others, and to become better followers of Christ. We welcome and assist all to have an understanding of who they are, as the children of God, through the transforming power of God's presence in their lives and to discover ways and means to respond to God's unconditional love as disciples making disciples.


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70 Years of IAU and International Collaboration
For the past seventy years, IAU has provided a global forum for debate, exchange and cooperation to leaders of higher education institutions and associations. This third and final book launching webinar of The Promise of Higher Education - which also marks the end of the 70 years celebrations of IAU - is dedicated to the IAU community. It will focus on its mission and significant activities and events over time and how it bridges cultures in its quest to promote academic partnerships and solidarity across diverse societies and political systems.
The session will include personal and institutional accounts of the internationalization dynamic as well as value-driven interventions and their impact on good governance in higher education globally. In short, we will discuss how the IAU's last seventy years has helped shape the agenda for the future.
Attend the webinar and you might win a book! A raffle, organized by our sponsor Springer, offers prizes from the Springer collections.
Dec 9, 2021 02:30 PM in Paris
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Hi there, You are invited to a Zoom webinar. When: Dec 9, 2021 02:30 PM Paris Topic: 70 Years of IAU and International Collaboration Register in advance for this webinar: https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_XU_lQVExQe-VHGyIHLUdWA After registering, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the webinar. ---------- Webinar Speakers Stefania Giannini (tbc) (Assistant Director-General for Education @UNESCO) Juan Ramón de la Fuente (tbc) (Permanent Representative of Mexico to the United Nations and Former IAU President @United Nations) Pavel Zgaga (Professor of Philosophy of Education @University of Ljubljana) Dr. Pavel Zgaga is professor of Philosophy of Education and Education Policy at the University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, where he started his academic career in 1978. He holds a doctorate in Philosophy from Ljubljana University (1989) and an honorary doctorate from Universitet Umeå, Sweden (2007). Laura E. Rumbley (Associate Director, Knowledge Development and Research @European Association for International Education (EAIE)) Laura Rumbley is Associate Director, Knowledge Development and Research at the EAIE. Before joining the EAIE, she was Associate Director of the Boston College Center for International Higher Education. She completed her undergraduate studies at Georgetown University, her Master's degree at the School for International Training (SIT) Graduate Institute and her Doctorate degree at Boston College, studying as well at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid and the Universidad de Sevilla in Spain. Hans de Wit (Professor and Former Director of the 'Center for International Higher Education' (CIHE) @@Boston College) A globally renowned scholar, Hans de Wit has made his name studying the internationalization of higher education. His current research interests include how to reach global learning for all students, the future of internationalisation post COVID-19, international student recruitment and mobility in non-Anglophone countries. Pankaj Mittal (Secretary General @@Association of Indian Universities (AIU)) Dr. Pankaj Mittal is Secretary General of the Association of Indian Universities (AIU) and is the second women Secretary General of the Association in its 96 years of existence. Prior to joining AIU, she has been serving the higher education sector especially university education for more than 03 decades at the apex regulator of higher education, the University Grants Commission of India. Outi Snellman (Vice-President @@UArctic) Outi Snellman has worked in international education and the development of cooperation in higher education in the circumpolar region for over 25 years in her capacity as the Director of International Relations at the University of Lapland (1990- ) and Secretary General for the Circumpolar Universities Association (1992-1998) as well as Vice-President Organization of the University of the Arctic. Amr Ezzat Salama (Secretary General @@Association of Arab Universities) Dr. Amr Ezzat Salama is a Professor of Structural Engineering in Helwan University, Egypt. He is a holder of PhD in Structural Engineering from Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK and has a Master in Maritime Civil Engineering, from Manchester, UK as well as a Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering degree from Cairo University. Dr. Amr Salama was the Counselor of The American University in Cairo and is the Former Minister of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Technology of Egypt. He is also the Chairman of the Management Engineering Society and the Chairman of the Board of Trustees and the President of the Executive Bureau of 57357 Foundation as well as the Chairman of the Council of Housing and Building of Academy of Scientific Research and Technology. Roberto Escalante Semerena (Secretary-General @@Association of Universities of Latin America and the Caribbean (UDUAL)) After having graduated a Bachelor in Economics from the Faculty of Economics of the National Autonomous university of Mexico (UNAM), Roberto Escalante Semerena obtained a Master and a PhD in Rural Development from the University of London (UnitedKingdom). Dr. Semerena was also the Dean of the Faculty of Economics at the UNAM where he is currently Professor of "Natural Resource Economics". Dr. Semerena is also a member of professional bodies such as the Association of Faculties, Schools and Institutes of Economy in Latin America (AFEIEAL), the Mexican College of Economists, the Association of Former Students of Economics, Faculty of Economics - UNAM, the Latin American Society (England) and the European Association of Latino Americanisms.


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text:
Huntington Beach City Council v. Superior Court (Blackford) (2002) 94 Cal.App.4th 1417
Huntington Beach City Council v. Superior Court (Huntington Beach City Council) (2002) 94 Cal.App.4th 1417 [115 Cal.Rptr.2d 439]
Huntington Beach City Council v. Superior Court (Huntington Beach City Council) (2002) 94 Cal.App.4th 1417 , 115 Cal.Rptr.2d 439
[Nos. G030042, G030075.
Fourth Dist., Div. Three.
Jan. 8, 2002.]
HUNTINGTON BEACH CITY COUNCIL et al., Petitioners, v. THE SUPERIOR COURT OF ORANGE COUNTY, Respondent;
ED BLACKFORD, Real Party in Interest. ED BLACKFORD, Petitioner, v. THE SUPERIOR COURT OF ORANGE COUNTY, Respondent; HUNTINGTON BEACH CITY COUNCIL, Real Party in Interest.
(Superior Court of Orange County, No. 01CC15111, Derek W. Hunt, Judge.)
(Opinion by Sills, P. J., with Rylaarsdam and Moore, JJ., concurring.)
Gail C. Hutton, City Attorney, Scott F. Field, Assistant City Attorney, and Ronald Davis for Petitioners in No. G030042 and for Real Party in Interest in No. G030075.
No appearance for Respondent.
Manatt, Phelps & Phillips, Donald R. Brown and Scott R. Baugh for Real Party in Interest in No. G030042 and for Petitioner in No. G030075. [94 Cal.App.4th 1422]
SILLS, P. J.-
This proceeding involves writ petitions from both sides over a city ballot proposition. At the outset we stress that nothing we say in this opinion is intended to comment on the merits of the proposition. Anything that even sounds like we are commenting on the merits has been necessitated because the trial court struck out certain statements from a voters` pamphlet argument because they were supposedly irrelevant, and there is no way one can analyze whether statements are relevant to a measure without some articulation of the probable nexus between the two.
A. The City`s Petition
The first writ petition we consider is the city`s challenges to the trial court`s exclusions of a group of statements held to be irrelevant to the ballot measure. The measure is a proposition aimed at increasing taxes paid by Huntington Beach`s one electricity-generating plant.
The statute that governs the content of voter pamphlet arguments, Elections Code section 9295, fn. 1 does not mention relevancy as among the limited bases on which a trial court has authority to strike a statement. Rather, the statute only?and that is the word used in the statute?allows a trial court to strike a statement if it is false, misleading, or inconsistent with the requirements of this chapter (that is, chapter 3 of the Elections Code, dealing with initiative and referendum in municipal elections), and even then there must be clear and convincing evidence the statement is false, misleading, or inconsistent with the requirements of the chapter.
At most, relevancy is only indirectly touched on by section 9295 in its reference to consistency with the requirements of chapter 3 of the Elections Code. But the requirements of chapter 3 are very liberal: Section 9282 authorizes voter pamphlet arguments, and merely states that a proposed argument must be for or against any city measure. The implication is as [94 Cal.App.4th 1423] long as a statement is for or against a city measure, it is relevant enough, and it is not the province of the courts to blue-pencil statements merely on the basis that they do not believe them to be persuasive or cogent.
As we show below, for a statement to be properly stricken as irrelevant, it must have absolutely no relationship to the city measure at issue. (See Patterson v. Board of Supervisors (1988) 202 Cal.App.3d 22, 32 [248 Cal.Rptr. 253].) In applying that test, courts must be extremely reticent in undertaking the essentially political task of playing copy editor with one side`s wording of a voters` pamphlet argument. In the political arena, after all, one person`s relevant argument is another person`s nonsense. Only when there is no relationship to the measure (see ibid.) does the trial court have the authority to strike it.
Here, the statements that the trial court struck as irrelevant certainly do bear a relationship to the city`s tax initiative. It was error for the trial court to order them stricken, and we grant the requested writ to require that those statements be put back.
B. Ed Blackford`s Petition
The second proceeding is Ed Blackford`s challenges to a variety of orders allowing various statements in the ballot itself and in the voters` pamphlet to stand. Ed Blackford is president of AES Corporation, which owns the electricity-generating plant which is the target of Huntington Beach`s tax increase measure.
Here are the highlights of what we conclude with regard to Blackford`s petition: The use of the word exemption in the very title of the measure as it appears on the ballot itself is misleading and should be stricken. The word is a form of advocacy in what is necessarily a neutral forum.
Likewise, the description of the measure on the ballot is inaccurate when it asks the voter whether an ordinance requiring AES to pay the same utility tax paid by all residents and businesses in Huntington Beach should be adopted. The reference to same utility tax is misleading using an objective standard of verifiability, because the plant is already paying the same tax as everyone else. The proposed tax is one that only the AES facility could pay.
Moreover, the statement by the city in the voters` pamphlet that any cost to AES will be passed on primarily to people outside of Huntington Beach and California is objectively misleading to the extent that it implies that [94 Cal.App.4th 1424] most of the power generated by the plant is sold outside of California. At least some of the power from the AES plant is sold in Huntington Beach and a significant amount is sold in California. Two of the five generators at the plant are dedicated to California customers through the state`s independent system operator, and one of the plant`s five generators can only come on line in the midst of a power alert.
On the other hand, the city`s statement in the voters` pamphlet that A yes vote for this Measure will make AES pay their [sic] fair share of city costs that occur by virtue of their presence is just political rhetoric and should not be excluded. Fair share is, at least in the context of taxation, an elastic and ideological idea that is not susceptible to objective verification. One person`s fair share is another person`s theft.
We also reject Blackford`s challenge that the ballot is unfair because it contains two related measures that have the effect of taking the proceeds of the tax on AES and designating it for an infrastructure fund. Any unfairness inheres in the substance of what is put before the voters, not in the form or structure of the ballot itself.
Finally we decline to consider whether the tax measure, in combination with the two related measures, constitutes a special tax under Proposition 13, such that a two-thirds vote is required for it to pass. The question is not now ripe. The measure may not even get 50 percent of the vote in the upcoming election. fn. 2 The requested writ will be denied as to that point, but without prejudice to bring up the issue later if the measure receives more than 50 percent of the vote but less than two-thirds.
II. Background
No doubt, most Orange County residents and visitors to the region who have had occasion to drive along Pacific Coast Highway have seen the seven-story electricity-generating plant in Huntington Beach that lies just on the nonbeach side of highway near Newland Street. It has been there for the past 40 years, and was owned by Southern California Edison before the so-called deregulation of the electricity market in 1997. Deregulation forced Edison to sell the plant. AES bought it in 1998.
It would be safe to say that, whatever else it entailed, deregulation meant that electricity rates paid by consumers would not be figured on a simple [94 Cal.App.4th 1425] cost-plus basis, that is, with price figured on the basis of the costs of production plus some preordained profit margin. Now, like other commodities where prices fluctuate, costs of production might go up and the supplier would not be automatically able to pass on the cost to the consumer if market conditions didn`t permit it.
Since 1970 (that is, long before deregulation), Huntington Beach has imposed a 5 percent utilities tax on purchases of natural gas (and other utilities as well, including cable television). Basically it is a sales tax on your utility bill. The city tax, however, did not apply to purchases of natural gas by a utility for the generation of electrical energy. The city has not imposed a tax on energy purchased in one form to make energy in another form.
The owners of the plant, first Edison then AES, therefore did not pay any utility sales tax on the wholesale natural gas they bought to generate electricity, though they did pay the utility tax on its telephones, its electricity and its water. The AES plant was like a furniture manufacturer that might not pay a sales tax on the wood it uses as raw materials to make furniture for resale, but that, if it bought a finished desk for one of its employees from a local store, would pay sales tax on that desk.
The City Council of Huntington Beach now wants to tax the wholesale natural gas purchases made by the plant owners for use in generating electricity. The theory, at least if we are to believe the city`s position in this writ proceeding, was that given the simplistic cost-plus pricing that prevailed in the pre-1997 regulated market, any tax on the wholesale natural gas bought by the owners of the plant would merely be passed along to the consumer. In the wake of deregulation, however, the city council decided that a tax on the wholesale natural gas sold to the AES plant?which just happens to be the only electricity-generating plant in the city?would not necessarily be passed on to the consumer, and would generate a tidy sum (the city claims the revenue would amount to $2 million a year).
So the City Council has now scheduled, for the upcoming March 5, 2002 election, a ballot measure removing the provision in the city utility tax that states that the tax does not cover the sale of natural gas used to make electricity. The title of the measure as it appears on the ballot is: Amendment of Utility Tax by Removing Electric Power Plant Exemption. The ballot statement beneath it is worded as follows. Shall the ordinance requiring an electric power plant to pay the same Utility Tax as do residents and businesses of the City of Huntington Beach by amending the Huntington [94 Cal.App.4th 1426] Beach Municipal Code to remove Section 3.36.080(b) and make corresponding changes to Section 3.36.010(g), be adopted?
Accompanying the measure on the ballot are two related measures. The first is entitled Creation of Infrastructure Fund, about which wording there is no dispute and the other is an advisory measure. The advisory measure is worded, in pertinent part, this way: Should the utility tax paid solely by an electric power plant be placed into an Infrastructure Fund to be used only for the maintenance, construction, and repair of infrastructure ....
The city council has submitted an argument in favor of the tax measure, which we reproduce as appendix A. An argument opposing the measure was submitted by counsel for Ed Blackford (appendix B), and the city submitted a rebuttal to the argument opposing the measure (appendix C).
In late November 2001, Blackford filed a petition for a writ of mandate seeking to strike as false or misleading almost every statement in the argument in favor of, and in the rebuttal to the argument against, the measure. After a hearing in mid-December, the trial court issued an order, dated December 13, 2001, doing mostly that: Almost every statement in the city`s ballot argument, and one comment in the city`s rebuttal argument, was ordered excised.
The statements fell into two categories: One group of statements was judged to be false or misleading. The balance were stricken on the basis that they were not relevant. fn. 3
The city almost immediately brought this writ proceeding, which we expedited to meet an early January printer`s deadline. Then, on December 20, 2001, just days after the petition was filed, the trial judge modified his order, basically allowing back in most of the statements that he had ordered stricken as false or misleading. The judge stood firm, however, on the statements stricken as irrelevant.
Here are the statements in the city`s proposed ballot argument in favor of the tax that have been struck, and remain struck after December 20, as irrelevant: The AES plant is ugly, pollutes our air, and our ocean. The AES plant has been a blight on Huntington Beach for over 40 years. In the last election on this measure, AES spent nearly $300,000 to defeat it. AES refused to sign a contract for use of electricity solely in California. [94 Cal.App.4th 1427]
Additionally, the court also struck as irrelevant the words unsightly AES plant from the city`s rebuttal argument, as contained in this sentence: A vote for Measure __ will keep your taxes and fees down since Measure __ will generate over $2 million annually directly to Huntington Beach from the unsightly AES Plant, thus requiring less in fees and taxes from Huntington Beach residents for other city services. (We note that in order to retain grammatical sense, the stricken phrase should also include the words from the before the words unsightly AES plant.)
The one statement that remained struck for being false and misleading is this one: Currently, AES is the only business in Huntington Beach that does not pay this tax.
The judge`s December 20 semi-about-face generated its own writ petition, this time from Blackford. Here are the statements, now challenged by Blackford, that the trial court restored on reconsideration, presumably as not being false or misleading: By voting yes, you are voting to require AES Corporation to pay the same utility tax paid by all residents and businesses in Huntington Beach, any cost to AES will be passed on primarily to people outside of Huntington Beach and California, and A yes vote for this Measure will make AES pay their share of city costs that occur by virtue of their presence.
We now address the city`s and Blackford`s challenges to the modified order.
III. Discussion
1. Basic Principles
[1] Official voters` pamphlets are limited public forums provided by the government, so the government can constitutionally impose what would be an otherwise unlawful prior restraint of speech by way of precluding false or misleading statements. (See Patterson v. Board of Supervisors, supra, 202 Cal.App.3d at pp. 29-30; see also San Francisco Forty-Niners v. Nishioka (1999) 75 Cal.App.4th 637, 646-649 [89 Cal.Rptr.2d 388] [no First Amendment right to include false or misleading information in initiative petition]; cf. Clark v. Burleigh (1992) 4 Cal.4th 474, 488-495 [14 Cal.Rptr.2d 455, 841 P.2d 975] [judicial candidate`s statement in ballot pamphlet was nonpublic forum in which speech could be subject to reasonable regulation].)
However, because freedom of speech is still implicated, any restrictions must be narrowly drawn. (Patterson v. Board of Supervisors, supra, 202 [94 Cal.App.4th 1428] Cal.App.3d at p. 30.) [2] The statute at issue here, for example, expressly requires clear and convincing evidence before the trial court may interfere with a ballot argument, and the Legislature went out of its way to emphasize the narrowness of the scope of any proper challenges by appending the word only in front of the heightened evidentiary standard. The operative language in section 9295 is: A peremptory writ of mandate or an injunction shall be issued only upon clear and convincing proof that the material in question is false, misleading, or inconsistent with the requirements of this chapter .... (Italics added.)
As mentioned above, section 9295 contains no express relevancy requirement. At the outer edges, of course, as the trial judge intuited, both common sense and the reference to the general requirements of the chapter would imply some minimal relevancy requirement. But it is indeed a minimal requirement. As we have seen, the only statutory basis for an inferred relevancy requirement, section 9282, merely states that a proposed argument must be for or against any city measure. Moreover, section 9282 emphasizes the breadth of what is allowed in ballot arguments by ensuring that any such argument is presented in the pamphlet as merely the opinions of the authors, which exist in juxtaposition to the impartial analysis, which the city attorney must prepare showing the effect of the measure on existing law. (? 9280.)
Of course, at the extreme fringe, some statements will not pass even a minimal relevancy test. No one would doubt, of course, that with regard to a city measure to, say, extend the term limits on the city`s mayor, a ballot argument submitted against the measure which dwelt on the personal shortcomings of a possible mayoral candidate, as shown by papers filed in divorce court by her soon-to-be ex-spouse, would be beyond the pale. (Those are, incidentally, pretty much the facts in Patterson, where arguments in opposition to a rezoning measure were a series of personal attacks on the potential developers of the property in question, lifted from divorce papers. It was idle scandal-mongering that bore no relationship to the measure, and was totally unrelated to the proposed rezoning [see Patterson v. Board of Supervisors, supra, 202 Cal.App.3d at p. 32].)
But as the absolutist language used by the Patterson court (no relationship, totally unrelated) reveals, the relevancy requirement is an extremely light burden to carry. Only if there is no relationship between the statement and the city measure does it fail. Any other test would mean that courts would be forced to determine the substantive persuasiveness of the arguments. [94 Cal.App.4th 1429]
Indeed, the judiciary must be mindful that the rough and tumble of politics is ill-suited to the imposition of the relatively stringent judicial standards of relevancy. Imagine a presidential debate where each side was allowed to make formal relevancy objections to statements made by the other side, with the moderator, in the style of a trial judge, required to make a quick determination on the objection. Not only would the objections drown out the substance debate, but it would soon become obvious that the moderator would become embroiled in the merits of the arguments presented by each side. (The possibilities could be comic, of course, e.g., Ms. Candidate, that last statement about your opponent`s lack of experience in foreign policy doesn`t prove anything about her views on expanded free trade zones, and I am hereby ordering it stricken. The audience is hereby instructed, when they vote, to disregard it as irrelevant.) fn. 4
2. The Statements Stricken for Irrelevance Were Indeed Relevant
It goes without saying that taxation involves policy choices. Some oxen are gored more than others. Courts do not generally second-guess these choices, which often need not make a great deal of theoretical or economic sense. Perhaps some classes of taxpayers are hit with higher taxes simply because they aren`t numerous or cuddly.
Ballot pamphlet statements may constitute the only legislative history of an initiative measure adopted. (Board of Supervisors v. Lonergan (1980) 27 Cal.3d 855, 866 [167 Cal.Rptr. 820, 616 P.2d 802].) Here, the city council`s ballot statements, with its references to ugliness, blight and pollution, show precisely why the city council wants to increase taxes on the plant. In a [94 Cal.App.4th 1430] word, the city council just plain doesn`t like the fact that the plant operates within the confines of the fair City of Huntington Beach. The AES plant is, after all, a prototypical smokestack industry that easily offends upscale sensibilities, and one that is saddled with the burden of being conspicuous in its pollution. Every beachgoer in the area can see the smoke coming from the generators. The AES plant, in short, is an easy target. It isn`t very cuddly, and it can`t move to Nevada.
Many literate citizens have heard Justice Marshall`s phrase, the power to tax involves the power to destroy, lifted from the text of McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) 17 U.S. 316, 431 [4 L.Ed.2d 579, 607]. But most of us are not typically aware of the context which generated the phrase. President Madison had helped create a federal bank, the Bank of the United States, and the various states just plain didn`t like the idea of such an institution in their backyards. Call it financial nimbyism after the acronym for not in my backyard. (E.g., Families Unafraid to Uphold Rural El Dorado County v. Board of Supervisors (2000) 79 Cal.App.4th 505, 516 [94 Cal.Rptr.2d 205] [prevailing nimbys were not automatically disqualified from attorney fee award by virtue of their nimbyism].) The present case, by the same token, may be described as goombyism, for get out of my backyard or at least, if you stay here, you`re going to pay for it.
It appears from the trial court`s comments that it was troubled by the ad hominem quality of the city`s statements. Ad hominem arguments, of course, constitute one of the most common errors in logic: Trying to win an argument by calling your opponent names (Jane, you ignorant etcetera ....) only shows the paucity of your own reasoning. (Of course, it happens all the time in real world politics.) Since the trial judge here had probably read Patterson with its reference to an ad hominem attack, it appears he concluded that the city council`s arguments here wouldn`t pass muster. (See Patterson v. Board of Supervisors, supra, 202 Cal.App.3d at p. 32.) fn. 5 [94 Cal.App.4th 1431]
Patterson, however, is distinguishable in that regard. Patterson involved a rezoning ordinance, and the ad hominem comments in question there were totally without relationship to that measure.
But tax law is different. As we have said, it is a simple truism that legislative bodies make policy choices that are directed against different taxpayers, and sometimes, if the truth be told, the basis for the choice is nothing more than some taxpayers are easy targets. There is a genuine ad hominem quality to tax policy. So when politicians openly acknowledge, in a ballot argument, why they have singled out a taxpayer for higher taxes, the electorate is the better informed. What we have here, per Board of Supervisors v. Lonergan, supra, 27 Cal.3d 855, is a refreshingly honest legislative history of the city`s proposed measure.
The following comments thus easily pass the minimal relevancy test because they reveal the essential policy choice behind the city initiative: The AES plant is ugly, pollutes our air, and our ocean, The AES plant has been a blight on Huntington Beach for over 40 years, and the reference to the unsightly AES plant in the rebuttal.
The next comment, In the last election on this measure, AES spent nearly $300,000 to defeat it presents a somewhat more complex problem. At one level it tries to operate as a kind of preemptive strike, basically telling the voters that they should beware of anything they might see opposing the tax, because it will probably have been funded by what the city characterizes as an ugly unsightly polluting blighter. But at another level there is the subtext that AES has enough money lying around to mount a well-funded campaign to oppose the tax, rather than just cheerfully accepting its fate.
Given that the city measure is aimed solely at the AES plant (no other business would be affected), the proposed statement meets the standard of minimal relevance: First, once again, the statement reveals the depth of the city`s animus toward the power plant?how dare AES spend money to oppose a tax increase. Second, the statement has rhetorical significance: It is argument by caricature. It paints, as the city no doubt hopes, AES as a stockrich villain out of a Frank Capra movie. It evokes the kind of images that politicians have used to drum up support for tax increases from time immemorial.
That leaves the final statement stricken as irrelevant, AES refused to sign a contract for use of electricity solely in California. This statement, like the [94 Cal.App.4th 1432] previous one, both reveals the city`s motivation and seeks to counter possible opposition. While this statement meets a minimal relevancy test (basically it is an appeal to self-interest not unlike Antony`s speech at Caesar`s funeral fn. 6 ), it is, however, factually misleading, as we explain in part III.B.2.a. of this opinion below.
3. The One Statement the Trial Court Left Stricken for Being False and Misleading Really Was Misleading
[3] In his December 13 ruling, the trial judge struck this statement in the city`s voter pamphlet arguments for being false and misleading: Currently, AES is the only business in Huntington Beach that does not pay this tax. On reconsideration, he still found it false and misleading. He was right.
In determining whether statements are false or misleading, courts look to whether the challenged statement is subject to verifiability, as distinct from typical hyperbole and opinionated comments common to political debate. (See San Francisco Forty-Niners v. Nishioka, supra, 75 Cal.App.4th at p. 649.) An outright falsehood or a statement that is objectively untrue may be stricken. (Ibid.) We need only add that context may show that a statement that, in one sense, can be said to be literally true can still be materially misleading; hence, the Legislature did not indulge in redundancy when it used both words. On the other hand, the standard, as defined by the Legislature, is necessarily a high one: Courts may intervene only if clear and convincing evidence shows the statement to be false or misleading.
The statement that Currently, AES is the only business in Huntington Beach that does not pay this tax may be literally true, but in context it is misleading in light of objective facts. The key words are, of course, this tax. In context this tax is defined by the statement immediately above, which refers to the same utility tax paid by all residents. On this point there is verifiable falsity. AES does pay the same utility tax paid by all residents. (Italics added.) It gets hit with Huntington Beach`s 5 percent [94 Cal.App.4th 1433] utility sales tax on its utility bills the same as everybody else. What it doesn`t pay is a tax that only it could pay. So to say that AES is the only business that does not pay this tax is to mislead. It deliberately confuses the proposed tax with the existing tax.
B. Blackford`s Petition
1. Challenges to the Ballot Itself
a. Exemption?
[4] The wording of a ballot is governed by different standards than govern arguments in voters` pamphlets. Voter pamphlets are governed by the strictures inherent in section 9295?which the Legislature plainly intended to maximize freedom of speech short a very few specified categories, e.g., false, misleading, or inconsistent with the requirements of chapter 3.
Ballots, on the other hand, are hemmed in by the constitutional guarantees of equal protection and freedom of speech. (See Citizens for Responsible Government v. City of Albany (1997) 56 Cal.App.4th 1199, 1228-1229 [66 Cal.Rptr.2d 102]; see also Stanson v. Mott (1976) 17 Cal.3d 206, 219 [130 Cal.Rptr. 697, 551 P.2d 1] [the First Amendment precludes the government from making public facilities available to only favored political viewpoints].) These guarantees mean, in practical effect, that the wording on a ballot or the structure of the ballot cannot favor a particular partisan position. (See Citizens for Responsible Government v. City of Albany, supra, 56 Cal.App.4th at p. 1228.) For example, as our high court pointed out in Gould v. Grubb (1975) 14 Cal.3d 661, 670 [122 Cal.Rptr. 377, 536 P.2d 1337], automatically putting the incumbent`s name first, in light of evidence that some voters tend to vote for the first name on the ballot just because it is the first name on the ballot, unfairly dilutes the weight of those voters who do not vote for the incumbent. The automatic reservation of the top line for incumbents thus contravened equal protection. For the same reason the Gould court precluded using automatic alphabetical order: Why should those with names that being with letters near the beginning of the alphabet get an advantage by virtue of the very structure of the ballot? (See id. at pp. 674-675.)
[5] The question in this case, then, is whether the word exemption is insufficiently neutral to appear in the title of the measure on the ballot. Blackford asserts that the word exemption carries the whiff of privilege about it. He would substitute the word exclusion in its stead, as more neutral. [94 Cal.App.4th 1434]
We agree. The word, in this context, is advocacy by other means. Exemptions?particularly in a tax context?connote unfair influence and special treatment. It conveys the idea that AES isn`t paying any utility tax at all?a proposition that, as we have seen, is simply not true. To return to our hypothetical of the furniture maker: If there was a special tax on the sale of wood products, which didn`t cover wholesale sales of wood to make furniture, it would be unfair to say that the furniture maker was exempt from the tax on the sale of finished wood products. There is a difference, after all, between wholesale raw materials and retail products made of those materials. And that is, substantively, the difference here: It is one thing for a consumer to receive energy from a utility to use to light a room, another for the utility itself to receive energy in one form (natural gas) so it can sell it to the consumer in another (electricity). To say that a wholesale consumer and producer is exempt from a tax paid by all retail consumers is not quite accurate. The tax extends to one thing; it just doesn`t extend to another.
The title of the measure as it now stands reads, Amendment of Utility Tax by Removing Electric Power Plant Exemption. Because of the extreme time constraints under which this proceeding is conducted (there is almost no time left for any further haggling over words), we will grant the writ to order the city to rewrite the title to conform with Blackford`s suggestion that the word exclusion be substituted for exemption. It should now read: Amendment of Utility Tax by Removing Electric Power Plant Exclusion.
b. The Same Tax?
[6] The description of the measure as it appears on the ballot asks the voter whether the ordinance that requires the power plant to pay the same Utility Tax as do residents and businesses of the City of Huntington Beach should be adopted.
Not only is this advocacy in the description of the measure on the ballot itself, it is substantively misleading. As we have indicated above, no business but AES could possibly pay a tax on wholesale natural gas used to generate electricity. Therefore what AES will pay if the measure passes is not the same tax at all. It is, substantively, a tax that will be unique to the AES plant because the AES plant is the only business in the city that buys energy to make energy in a different form for sale to consumers.
By the same token, the corresponding language in the ballot argument (By voting yes, you are voting to require the AES Corporation to pay the same utility tax paid by all residents and businesses in Huntington Beach) is also misleading, and should have remained stricken. [94 Cal.App.4th 1435]
c. Paid Solely
The statement in the advisory measure that asks the voters whether the utility tax paid solely by an electric power plant be placed into an Infrastructure Fund (italics added) is not misleading. The measure is aimed solely at AES. It is the only business that could be affected by the measure.
2. Challenges to Statements in the Voters` Pamphlet
a. Refusal to Sign a Contract?
[7] As shown above, the city`s voter pamphlet argument that AES refused to sign a contract for the use of electricity solely in California meets the standards of relevancy for voter pamphlet arguments. Arguments appealing to self-interest are always relevant.
However, the statement is factually misleading. The AES plant has five units. The so-called refusal on the part of the corporation to sign a contract with the state only applied to two of those five units?units three and four. Two of the units are pledged to the state`s independent system operator for use in California?and therefore some of the juice certainly goes to California consumers and some of that presumably goes to Huntington Beach. (Moreover, even the part that doesn`t go to Huntington Beach helps alleviate shortages and potential shortages elsewhere in the state, to the benefit of Huntington Beach residents.) The last unit, unit five, operates only when there is a staged alert due to a shortage declared by the independent system operator. By definition its energy can only be sold to California consumers.
In short, there is no controverting the fact that at least some of AES`s electricity will be sold in Huntington Beach and California, even though the implication of the statement is that AES only sells its electricity to out-of-state energy companies. That is verifiably not true. The pamphlet statement affirmatively misleads the reader (indeed, it would have misled us if we didn`t have the benefit of papers filed by Blackford) into believing that none of the electricity produced by the plant will be sold in California when some will.
b. Passing On Any Costs to Out-of-Staters?
By the same token, the facts about the generators?three of the five could end up producing electricity sold in California, especially during a shortage?mean that the statement in the voter pamphlet that any cost to AES will be passed on primarily to people outside of Huntington Beach and [94 Cal.App.4th 1436] California is at least partially misleading. True, the word primarily saves the statement as regard to people in Huntington Beach?it is unlikely the residents of the city could consume enough power to be primarily affected by any tax increase on the plant. (And in any event we do not have clear and convincing evidence that the electricity produced by the plant is primarily consumed by Huntington Beach residents such as to make the statement verifiably false as to them.)
But the all-encompassing word any, in combination with the more general word primarily, certainly misleads the reader as to the effect on California residents generally. Any is one of those powerful, reassuring, absolutist words that creates a bright line and is easily subject to objective falsification. The fair import of the sentence as it now stands is that the bulk of any cost caused by the tax will be passed on to out-of-state residents, a statement that is inconsistent with the dedication of three of five generators to the California independent system operator.
The statement must therefore be modified to strike the words and California from it.
c. Fair Shares
On the other hand, the statement that A yes vote for this measure will make AES pay their fair share of city costs that occur by virtue of their presence is not subject to objective verifiability. You can get a Ph.D. in political science studying what fair shares are and still not come to any firm conclusion. The subject has occupied political philosophers since at least Aristotle, who, in addressing the subject of distributive justice, began a long tradition in political philosophy of thinking about exactly what do you mean by fair in fair share. It is one of those topics that is particularly suited for the marketplace of ideas. The city`s argument is thus, in section 9282 terms, mere opinion.
3. Challenges to the Related Measures
a. Advocacy by Linkage
[8] Blackford objects to the linkage of two other ballot measures to the tax increase measure. One proposes to create an infrastructure fund; the other will ostensibly advise the city that any revenue from the utility tax paid solely by an electric power plant should go into that infrastructure fund. Blackford`s theory is that the very relatedness of the three measures is a kind of subtle partisanship in the ballot form. [94 Cal.App.4th 1437]
The issue is a close one, because it is reasonably obvious that the city is trying to use the two related but apparently uncontroversial measures (who could, in theory, be against merely designating an infrastructure fund?) to influence the voters as to the third, more controversial measure, which involves a tax increase on one particular business.
Gould v. Grubb, supra, 14 Cal.3d 661, however, indicates that before the form or structure of a ballot is subject to constitutional infirmity it must have a real and appreciable impact on the equality, fairness, and integrity of the electoral process. (Id. at p. 670.) Here, the subtle advocacy and partisanship in the very existence of the two accompanying measures is not an aspect of the electoral process, but is, rather, a matter of their substance. The fact that some measures on a ballot make other measures appear more desirable doesn`t make the ballot or electoral process itself unfair. What Blackford is really objecting to is that the city has tried to design its tax measure to be more desirable than might otherwise be the case.
Suppose, for example, that the city tried to do the whole thing in one measure rather than three. (E.g., a single measure that said, let`s increase the taxes on the AES plant and restrict all the proceeds to just an infrastructure fund.) There would be no partisan impact beyond the very content of the measure itself. The ballot qua ballot would be just as neutral as ever. The three measures here are substantively equivalent. fn. 7
b. Two-thirds Required?
Finally, Blackford suggests that the three measures, related to each other as they are, constitute a special tax under Proposition 13, and therefore a two-thirds vote will be necessary to pass them. The issue is not ripe now in this writ proceeding. There is no reason it cannot wait until after the election. Of course, our opinion is completely without prejudice to either party on the issue.
IV. Disposition
Rather than sort through the court`s December 20, 2001 order (which itself only partially modified the court`s December 13, 2001 order) paragraph by paragraph, the easiest way to handle this is to let a peremptory writ issue commanding the superior court simply to vacate its December 20, 2001 [94 Cal.App.4th 1438] order in its entirety, and enter a new and different order which does the following:
(1) Strikes no statements or language from the city`s voters` pamphlet arguments as irrelevant.
(2) Strikes Currently, AES is the only business in Huntington Beach that does not pay this tax from the city`s voter pamphlet argument as misleading.
(3) Strikes the word exemption from the title of the ballot measure as it appears on the ballot as misleading and substitutes the word exclusion.
(4) Strikes the words requiring an electric power plant to pay the same tax as do residents and businesses of the City of Huntington Beach by from the description of the measure on the ballot.
(5) Strikes the sentence By voting yes, you are voting to require the AES Corporation to pay the same utility tax paid by all residents and businesses in Huntington Beach from the city`s voters` pamphlet argument as misleading.
(6) Strikes the sentence AES refused to sign a contract for use of electricity solely in California from the city`s voter pamphlet argument as misleading.
(7) Strikes the words and California as misleading from the following statement in the city`s voter pamphlet argument: any cost to AES will be passed on primarily to people outside of Huntington Beach and California.
(8) Leaves the rest of the ballot and voters` pamphlet arguments untouched.
In the interests of justice, each side will bear its costs from this proceeding.
Rylaarsdam, J., and Moore, J., concurred.
A petition for a rehearing was denied February 4, 2002. [94 Cal.App.4th 1439]
[Graphic material omitted.] [94 Cal.App.4th 1440]
[Graphic material omitted.]
?FN 1. All statutory references in this opinion are to the Elections Code.
?FN 2. We hereby grant the city`s request for judicial notice of the election results of the November 2000 election, in which substantively the same measure received less than 47 percent of the vote (32,200 votes yes, 37,935 votes no).
?FN 3. Said the judge, Now, at the same time, it doesn`t seem unreasonable to me that the material should be relevant to the issues at hand, that any statements whose only value is to raise feelings of hatred or passion should be inadmissible.
?FN 4. Indeed, the limits of rhetoric suggest that application of stringent judicial standards of relevancy doesn`t even work when it comes to the product of judges, much less that of politicians and their consultants. Judge Posner has called Oliver Wendell Holmes`s dissent in Lochner v. New York (1905) 198 U.S. 45 [25 S.Ct. 539, 49 L.Ed. 937] the most famous opinion of our most famous judge and merely the greatest judicial opinion of the last hundred years. (Posner, Law and Literature: A Misunderstood Relation (Harv. U. Press 1988) at pp. 281, 285.) But it would not have received a high grade in a law school examination in 1905. (Id. at p. 285.) It is not logically organized, does not join issue sharply with the majority, is not scrupulous in its treatment of the majority opinion or of precedent .... It is not, in short, a good judicial opinion. (Ibid.) Indeed, at one point Holmes unfairly suggests that the majority wanted to privatize the post office (id. at p. 284), which is the kind of argument that, under the no-ad hominem standard used by the trial judge here, might have been stricken as irrelevant. Yet the Lochner dissent remains a rhetorical masterpiece. (Id. at p. 281.)
If Holmes can get away with not joining issue sharply in a great opinion, surely the authors of voter pamphlet arguments need not be held to rigorous standards of relevancy either. Authors of arguments in voter pamphlets should hardly be held to more stringent standards than Supreme Court judges.
?FN 5. The trial judge was probably also (and very understandably) concerned with a systemic problem inherent in election pamphlet cases: The possibility that one side or the other will subsequently exploit a judicial decision. Thus in the hearing of December 19, counsel for the city, in referring to the court`s previous (and for the most part subsequently modified) order striking a number of statements as false or misleading, voiced the fear that the other side would spin the ruling into The Superior Court of the County of Orange found my clients were deceitful liars. Perhaps it was that point that prompted the trial judge to subsequently modify his previous conclusions with regard to most of the statements found false and misleading.
There is not much the judiciary can, or perhaps should, do about the problem. Judges shouldn`t alter the decisionmaking process (or, in our case, the construction of the opinion we would normally write anyway) out of the fear that one side will spin it to its own advantage. Sorry, that`s just politics, and judges cannot control the use that might be made of their decisions.
?FN 6. Antony held up the Caesar`s will before the mob and said, in essence, if you knew all the goodies Caesar had promised you, you`d all go crazy. Here`s the original: Have patience gentle friend, I must not read it; It is not meet you know how Caesar loved you. You are not wood, you are not stones, but men; And, being men, hearing the will of Caesar, It will inflame you, it will make you mad: `Tis good you know not that you are his heirs; For, if you should, O what will come of it! (Shakespeare, Julius Caesar, act III, scene 2.)
The speech is one of the most studied pieces of persuasive rhetoric of all time. And if the promise of a free lunch was relevant enough for Antony, it is relevant enough for the Huntington Beach City Council. Basically, the city council is promising better city services because the people who will bear the real cost of the tax, including the consumers of AES`s electricity, are elsewhere.
?FN 7. We express absolutely no opinion as to whether the relatedness of the three measures violates any rule other than the one against partisanship in the ballot form itself. Our opinion is completely without prejudice to any substantive challenge to, or in defense of, any or all of the three measures.
People v. Hammer (2002) 94 Cal.App.4th 1443
Smith v. Hopland Band of Pomo Indians (2002) 95 Cal.App.4th 1
Truck Ins. Exchange v. County of Los Angeles (2002) 95 Cal.App.4th 13
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One lucky winner walked away with a brand new Mitsubishi Triton 2.5 Standard worth RM80,413.20 today. Mirian Davis Loh Jack Yau's effort and creativity paid off when he was announced grand prize winner of the 'Ultimate Triton Makeover' contest.
The contest ran from 14 May to 15 July 2010, and was open to all East Malaysian residents. Participants were required to creatively "dress-up" a Mitsubishi Triton in the boldest way possible, and send in photos of their creations. Judging was based on originality, creativity and style. 28-year-old Loh impressed judges with his artistic prowess, while Amirullah bin Kamaruddin of Tawau and Derby Evans of Keningau also captivated the judges' attention, winning second and third place respectively. Kamaruddin walked away with a cash prize of RM5,000 while Evans won RM2,500.
Mr. Shoen Saito, Section Head of the East Malaysia Regional Office for Mitsubishi Motors Malaysia was present at the prize-giving ceremony to hand over the key of the Triton 2.5 to Loh.
"I feel that the Triton deserved to be given a different impression although it is usually depicted as an off-road, rough, pick-up truck," Loh explained on why he decorated the Triton in a sleek manner.
"I've always been partial to the Mitsubishi brand, and I actually sold off another pick-up I had at the time just so that I could buy myself a Triton," said the 28-year-old, who fell in love with the vehicle the moment he laid eyes on it at a motor show in Thailand in 2006.
Of its build and feel, Loh said, "With no modification required, the Triton is tough and rugged yet it's comfortable and stable due to its lower centre of gravity. I am also really impressed by its reliability." The grand prize vehicle was displayed at Bintang Megamall Miri, venue of the prize-giving ceremony. It was held to coincide with the Mitsubishi Motors Bold Adventure Fest 2011, a series of roadshows held all over East Malaysia throughout the month of January in light of the upcoming Chinese New Year celebrations.
At the roadshow, customers may make enquiries on the various Mitsubishi vehicles on display. Mitsubishi Motors Malaysia's current line-up of vehicles include the Lancer GT and Sportback, ASX crossover, Grandis MPV, Pajero Sport, Pajero SUVs and of course, Triton pick-up trucks. The Triton full range consists of the 3.2-litre 4×4 Automatic, Triton 2.5-litre 4×4 Automatic and Manual, Triton 2.5-litre 4×4 Standard Manual and Triton Lite 2.5-litre 4×2 Manual.
The Mitsubishi Triton has won best in Category Autocar ASEAN Awards at least four times as well as New Straits Times/Maybank Car of the Year Awards four times. It is the only truck in Malaysia that can claim to have an entire range of award-winning variants.
For more information, visit your nearest Mitsubishi Motors dealership or call the Mitsubishi Motors Customer Care Line at 03 7622 2202.
Mitsubishi Motors Malaysia, the importer and distributor of Mitsubishi vehicles in Malaysia, has launched the Mitsubishi Triton Bold Edition, a limited edition variant of the award-winning truck. Only 300 units will be made available to the Malaysian public.
The Triton Bold Edition is based on the Triton 2.5 A/T, and is powered by the proven 2.5-litre turbocharged COMMONRAIL diesel engine that produces 136 PS of power and 314 Nm of torque. Drive from this strong yet economical engine is transferred to the surface via a 4-speed automatic transmission and Mitsubishi's Easy Select 4WD system.
In addition to the Triton 2.5 comprehensive equipment list, which includes dual airbags, ABS with EBD, hybrid LSD, fog lamps, a multi-mode centre information display and a leather-wrapped steering wheel, the Bold Edition adds on features that have never been seen before in the truck segment.
Sitting proud in the centre stack is a 2-DIN touch screen entertainment system with built-in GPS navigation. Its full-colour LCD screen also doubles up as a display for the Bold Edition's reverse camera, which aids parking considerably. Mitsubishi is the first to offer a reverse camera for a pick-up truck. All occupants also enjoy even more comfort from the Triton's best-in-class cabin space, thanks to plush, full-leather seats.
That's not all. The Bold Edition boasts many features previously reserved for the top-of-the-range Triton 3.2 model, such as automatic climate control, 17-inch alloy wheels, anti-slip side steps and a sporty front bumper guard. A Triton Bold Edition is also easily distinguished by its stylish sports bar and chrome rear step bumper.
The popularity of the Triton range is as such that it is both attention-grabber and award-winner. To add to its list of accolades, the facelifted Triton was crowned Pick-up Truck of the Year at the recent Autocar ASEAN 2010 awards.
Limited to just 300 units, the Mitsubishi Triton Bold Edition is available in either black or white. Priced at RM100,117.80 (on-the-road price without insurance), these fully imported knights in shining armour come with a 2-year free maintenance package and 3-year warranty from Mitsubishi Motors Malaysia for added peace of mind.
Until 31 January 2011, customers who book and register a Triton Bold Edition will be rewarded with a special Festive Ang Pow.
For more information on the Bold Edition, the Triton range or Mitsubishi Motors Malaysia's family of vehicles, log on to www.mitsubishi-motors.com.my or visit your nearest showroom.
What better way to celebrate the New Year than with the excitement of driving home an award-winning Mitsubishi vehicle? Top that with a big festive Ang Pow plus 2 Years Free Maintenance and you will be smiling all the way home.
For a limited period until 31 January 2011, customers who book and register any Mitsubishi vehicle – Lancer sedans, Grandis MPV, Triton pick-up trucks or Pajero Sport SUVs, will be rewarded with a special Festive Ang Pow. The Ang Pow value will vary according to the respective variants and models.
Mitsubishi's 2-Year Free Maintenance package offers free maintenance of parts and labour costs. The 2-Year Free Maintenance package is offered to almost all models alongside the Mitsubishi Motors Malaysia manufacturer's 3-5-year warranty.
The Mitsubishi 2-Year Free Maintenance program offers new Mitsubishi owners a hassle-free drive and peace of mind. Some of the free maintenance parts that are included in this offer are engine oil, fuel filters, air cleaner, brake fluid, coolant, differential oil and transmission oil (based on the recommended scheduled service).
To herald 2011 as well as the Year of the Rabbit, the Mitsubishi Motors Roadshow Tour 2011 will begin at Sunway Pyramid's Blue Concourse from 7 to 9 January.
Throughout the months of January to March, Mitsubishi Motors road shows will tour other major cities of Peninsular Malaysia.
Customers may also acquaint themselves with the Pajero Sport: the GS 4X4 variant won best Large SUV award from Autocar ASEAN in 2009, and the new GL variant won the same in 2010, due to its impressive features – large, spacious, hardy and equipped with a modern diesel engine. For more information, visit your nearest Mitsubishi Motors dealership or call the Mitsubishi Motors Customer Care Line at 03 7622 2202.
To usher in 2011 and the Year of the Rabbit, Mitsubishi Motors Malaysia invites all East Malaysians to the Mitsubishi Motors Bold Adventure Fest 2011. The series of roadshows will boast appealing offers and promotions, including Festive Ang Pows.
The Mitsubishi Motors Malaysia Bold Adventure Fest 2011 will run in major towns of Sabah and Sarawak throughout the months of January and March.
Walk-in customers who register a new vehicle at the Mitsubishi Motors Bold Adventure Fest 2011 will be the first of many to enjoy great offers from Mitsubishi, including Festive Ang Pows and 2 Years Free Maintenance. The 2-Year Free Maintenance package is offered to almost all models alongside the Mitsubishi Motors Malaysia manufacturer's 3-5-year warranty.
Among the featured vehicles are the Mitsubishi Triton range of pick-up trucks. The Mitsubishi Triton has won best in Category Autocar ASEAN Awards at least four times as well as New Straits Times/Maybank Car of the Year Awards four times. It is the only truck in Malaysia that can claim to have an entire range of award-winning variants. Variants include the Triton 3.2, Triton 4×4 AT, Triton 4×4 MT, Triton 4×4 Standard and also Triton Lite.
Customers may also acquaint themselves with the Pajero Sport: the GS 4X4 variant won best Large SUV award from Autocar ASEAN in 2009, and the new GL variant won the same in 2010, due to its impressive features – large, spacious, hardy and equipped with a modern diesel engine.
Another noteworthy vehicle to look out for is the fourth-generation Mitsubishi Pajero, officially launched in Malaysia last September. Mitsubishi Motors has sold over 2.5 million Pajeros in over 170 countries since its introduction in 1982. Built to conquer the toughest terrain and conditions on earth, the Mitsubishi Pajero is designed with adventure in mind.
Other featured cars that are bound to attract customers are the Lancer variants for those who are into sporty cars, the stylish ASX Crossover as well as the Grandis MPV for those who want luxurious comfort. The Mitsubishi line-up offers a car for everyone.