Since I started doing some research for a friend of mine I have come across a wide variety of great web sites. They sing, they dance, the make you laugh, they?.you get the point.
I have visited hundreds if not thousands of web sites all with their own niche to make them unique. There is one term I have learned over the many years of developing and maintaining web sites and that term is called "stickiness". This term simply means your web site's ability to not only attract visitors, but keep them coming back. Take for instance the social networking website MySpace. On a scale from one to ten with ten being the highest I would consider MySpace having a rating of ten for stickiness. You can send an receive messages through MySpace, post bulletins and a slew of other tools, that I will not go into at the moment, to make people keep coming back to log in to their accounts.
That brings us to the topic of the day and that is if you had to rate the "stickiness" of your website would it be closer to one or ten? Most websites all start out at one. Over time you develop different tools, content and techniques related to what your site is all about that will make people eager to keep coming back. If you feel you are more near the "one" end of the scale, think of some ways you can keep people coming back. For instance if you are a mortgage or lending site, add some finance calculators on their so your visitors can do some quick calculations.
If you run a landscaping business offer daily tips on how a consumer can maintain their lawn properly. For us we are all about keeping business owners motivated so we post a different motivational quote each day. I have seen other websites offer a "poll of the day" or a "survey of the day" and so on. The list is endless. Whatever it is you choose should be related to what your website is about.
If you sell baseball cards it wouldn't make much sense to do a daily poll about politics now would it? Probably not. It does not even need to be polls, surveys, quotes or questions. I have seen some websites have stickiness just by pure content. They change the content on a daily sometimes hourly basis. People keep coming back to read what is on there. You will need to find out what your "stickiness" will be.
Sit down and write up what your website is all about, what you want to accomplish with it and so on. Once you have that written down, now write a list of ten things that you feel people would keep coming back to see over and over again. Remember studies have shown that people need to be exposed to something seven times before they make a purchase or sign up for it. Put your plan in place to keep those same visitors coming back over and over.
Mr. Tucker is the Associate Director of http://www.Indocquent.com, an online advertising and social network medium where you can promote your business, products or services without pay-per-click prices or auction fees.
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bio	contact
Jon Kolko
Design strategy, education & writing
Endless Nights - Learning from Design Studio Critique
I'm intrigued by the nostalgic magic of the culture of design education. Most designers I've met who have gone through formal design training are passionate about their experiences; they talk with fond recollection of long nights, endless critiques, and sneaking into the computer-lab closet to catch a few hours' rest before the final review. What is it about the design-studio critique that's so memorable and drives so much reflection?
One of my colleagues, reflecting on a favorite professor, recalled a critique on a visual design printed piece; all of the students had put their work on the wall and were talking among themselves, waiting for the professor to arrive. A few minutes past 9 a.m., the professor walked in. He looked at the wall for about 30 seconds. The students grew quiet. He turned and looked at them, slowly panning across the room. He looked back at the wall. And then he turned and walked out of the room.
Another student, now a visual designer at frog, recalled that her most vivid memory of design school was "getting a D on my first project in fundamentals of design my freshman year. It was my first D ever - I cried in front of my professor and thought I needed to quit school."
During my first semester of teaching intro to industrial design, I found myself reading and rereading a paper from a student that referred to a jester. The paper, describing how he had designed a candleholder, was full of grammatical errors but lacked any reference to a jester. Then it hit me - he was talking about gesture drawings. His jester was a sorry homonym. When I showed the paper to my wife, an English major, she suggested I shred it and hand it back in a ziplock baggy.
The Value of Criticism
The rough treatment of students in design school isn't just fodder for comical stories. It has immediate and practical value for these designers when they get into the real, harsh world of the consultancy or corporation. In these environments, clients and creative directors pull no punches, and there's rarely time for sugarcoated feedback. Design work becomes a point of departure for iterative revisions, and so a harsh and thorough critique is one of the best outcomes of a design review one can hope for. Put another way, the more detail that emerges during a negative design review, the more opportunity for corrections during subsequent revisions.
Perhaps most obvious, but most important, a critique requires something to critique - it forces a student to make something, to do something. A designer is equipped with the magical ability to conceive of something that doesn't yet exist and manifest it in some way other than words. Designers can make things real. The looming critique forces action, as designers drive toward a deadline with an expectation of public delivery.
A negative but structured design critique helps design students learn that design is not entirely subjective, and isn't about either beauty or the eye of the beholder. Design has rigor, structure, and method, and a critique should systematically articulate the framework selected and then objectively compare the work with that framework. This is the discourse that evolves during a critique, and it's the same discourse described by Donald Schon in his work describing the reflective practitioner. For a "good designer, they will reflect-in-action on the situation's back-talk, shifting stance as they do so from 'what if' to recognition of implications, from involvement in the unit to consideration of the total, and from exploration to commitment" [ chon, 1982]. But for a designer who is not yet "good," a critique is a chance for reflection-post-action that allows the designer to make all of these shifts, albeit after the fact.
A Critique in Action
Consider this real excerpt from a class critique. Students are looking at a wall with wireframe flows showing how a user navigates through a fictional mobile-purchasing website.
Professor: "Can you describe what's happening here?" [Points at a wireframe showing large, bubbly letters and a number of vivid balloons and streamers]
Designer: "Well, when the user visits the site for the second time, I wanted to celebrate their return by recognizing them; this element here [Points to balloons] is congratulating them on their choice of plan."
Critique Participant 1: "That doesn't make any sense. Wouldn't something more subtle be appropriate?"
Critique Participant 2: "Yeah, I mean - this is a cell phone company; it's not like a greeting card company or something. It's not working at all. [In a mocking voice] 'Congratulations on your rollover minutes!'"
Professor: "It makes a lot of sense to overtly recognize that the user returned to the site, because it will help them understand state - that they are logged in - and reinforce personalization. But is celebration really the right emotive quality?"
Designer: "Yeah, maybe not - I was trying to make it more happy, to form a brand relationship...."
Critique Participant 2: "But that relationship can come over time. It's not going to happen on this particular screen."
Designer: "OK, so if I keep the idea of recognition, but shift toward something less playful..."
Critique Participant 3: "Yeah, save the playfulness for appropriate times, like maybe if you go over your minutes, the company rewards you with a one-time free overage waiver - that's a celebration."
This is a public dialogue between the designer and others (including the professor and the other students). During this dialogue, the conversation flows through open-ended questioning ("Can you describe what's happening here?") to rationalization ("I was trying to make it..." or "I wanted to...") to very detailed value judgments ("That doesn't make any sense" or "That's not working at all"). The dialogue works for a number of reasons:
The designer is receptive to criticism but also has a chance to engage in an explanatory dialogue. This implies a power balance. The group recognizes an opportunity to criticize but also recognizes the ability for the designer to justify his or her actions.
The professor acts as a moderator but is not impartial. He guides the discussion through the open-ended questions and provides continual summary of the discussion, while participating as a reviewer.
The relationship between the designer and the participants is not defensive. We can assume that the group has a positive working relationship; otherwise, the sarcastic comment from Participant 2 would have been seen as mean-spirited, and would have likely been ignored by the designer.
The material that the group is looking at has enough detail that the group can criticize thematic elements as well as detailed nuances. If the balloons were not there - if they were presented as boxes with the words "celebratory element" - this discussion would not have occurred. The artifact acts as the prompt, and the group reacts based on their experiences, the context of the problem, and the facilitation provided by the professor.
It's also useful to note how the critique excerpt ends with an idea for a new feature. The critique is generative; it doesn't simply offer response to what is shown but also produces new ideas for further iterations. The process hones existing design details while simultaneously suggesting new ones.
Learning to Be Critiqued
The profession of interaction design is growing organically; there are a number of practitioners engaged in interaction design who have never formally studied design or attended a design school. These folks fell into the profession through marketing or engineering, or slowly grew into it as their existing role evolved to include interface design and development. For these practitioners, learning to critique and to be critiqued is critical for career advancement. In many cases, it's going to be up to this individual to both demand a critique and to define the rules of engagement. And it won't be pretty, as most design students struggle through four years of criticism before finding a confident voice and appetite for review. But the critique adds immense value to the design problem being addressed and is fundamental in advancing an individual design idea, in refining details of the idea, and in ensuring that quality work gets the attention it deserves.
Kolko, Jon (2011), "Endless Nights - Learning from Design Studio Critique". In interactions magazine, March/April, 2011.
Read some more: The Simple Idea That Drives Creativity At Amazon, Airbnb, And Dell: Think Small
jkolko@gmail.com
@jkolko

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Happy new year to everyone. I'll put more skimpy thong pic more, please make your comments cheers!!
Happy new Year fell'a, may it be a hot n horny one.
Many thanks for the comments - much appreciated as always.
Love the video to, especially the black "Tendenze" slingshot. Jeez you look awesome in that. Post more please.
I enjoyed the videos btw!
The clanking sound is there, love the way things swing! I love how that feels! I'm betting you do too.
Do your metal rings make that lovely sound when you walk?
Awesome pic's buddy, keep on posting.
Love to wear ball stretcher or weights with 3D swim suits on the beach. Also like see thru, mesh, wet look.


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Don't Fail Fast, Learn Fast
Innovation	 09-04-2018
Fail fast has become a major catch phrase for innovation teams lately, but when put into practice, the end result is often the product of simply cutting corners. When asked which innovation phases marketers cut to get to market faster, 77% of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) professionals who responded to our State of Innovation survey* last year said they spend less time on at least three phases of the overall innovation process. Most commonly: testing and refining, optimizing line up, and improving marketing execution.
"Speed does not mean careless. Speed can still be thoughtful," said Chris Fosdick, Partner, The Cambridge Group.
Jenny Frazier, SVP, Nielsen Innovation, agrees, "There's a myth around first to market is always better. You certainly get more awareness. But I promise you that the smartphone brands that are selling the most today, were not the first to market."
The Cambridge Group believes that companies with larger portfolios need to focus on building a culture of innovation by building a portfolio of innovations, accepting the fact that some may fail, and learning from those failures.
"You can't just count on those big huge wins. You need to have a balance of innovation types," said Jenny.
These innovations also need to appeal to retailers as much as they do to consumers. A study from Advanced Web Ranking showed that 84% of people only go to the first page of search results when online shopping. With online sales growing 4x times faster than FMCG offline sales around the world, being on the first page has become even more crucial.
Previously, Chris and Jenny shared some common pitfalls companies face when it comes to creating an agile culture. In the video below, they discuss how risk and fear comes into play when it comes to agility and recommend a multi-pronged approach to building a culture of innovation success.
The insights highlighted in this article were derived from the Nielsen State of Innovation Survey, June 2017; "When speed to market is critical, which (if any) of the following phases does your team/company tend to spend less time on than perhaps it should?" (n=294 North American FMCG professionals).
cpg and retail | demand | nielsen tv | shopper
https://www.nielsen.com/us/en/insights/article/2018/dont-fail-fast-learn-fast/
What Now and What's Next: A View Into the U.S. Pet Retail Landscape During the COVID-19 Pandemic
The impact of COVID-19 on the U.S. pet retail industry has been substantial, with sales numbers fluctuating at historic proportions. Year-over-year in-store and e-commerce sales up by double-digits, but sales trends have fluctuated following pantry stockpiling in March.
Consumer Pattern eBook: How to Identify and Act on Emerging Trends
Reliable data helps CPG manufacturers understand changes in consumer patterns and make accurate decisions to preserve market share and grow sales.
Unemployment is at the Heart of Long-Term Consumer Change
Two important narratives have been necessarily conflated as the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has made its way around the world this year: the devastating impact of the deadly disease on the lives of millions and their loved ones and the almost immediate effect on the global economy.


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"Dubai Appeal" amends the sentence of a businessman who threw "50 thousand fake euros" at street workers
The Dubai Court of Appeal amended the prison sentence to become only one year, and a fine of 200,000 dirhams, instead of two years, according to the ruling issued by the Court of First Instance "crimes" against a European businessman and an Asian person, for the first possession of false sums of money, and broadcasting a video clip on the application "Instagram" and he
I contented myself with imprisoning him for a year with another defendant instead of two years
The businessman in a snapshot of him was broadcast on his account with "Instagram".
The Dubai Court of Appeal amended the prison sentence to become only one year, and a fine of 200,000 dirhams, instead of two years, according to the ruling issued by the Court of First Instance "crimes" against a European businessman and an Asian person, for the first possession of false sums of money, and broadcasting a video clip on the application "Instagram", throwing about 50 thousand euro currency from his vehicle at a number of workers, with the help of the second defendant, who provided him with counterfeit money, which the court ruled to confiscate.
Dubai Police monitored a video clip of dozens of workers crowding the car of the first accused while he was throwing sums of money from his car, bragging about an inhumane scene, and endangering the safety of these workers due to their failure to adhere to the precautionary measures against the emerging Corona virus, so I pursued the accused and discovered after his arrest that the money that boasts Throwing it a fake, to publish the video on his account with the aim of increasing the number of his followers, so he and the other accused were referred to the Public Prosecution Office in Dubai, and from there to the Criminal Court, on charges of committing a felony of introducing counterfeit currency and possessing and counterfeiting currency circulating in the country.
A witness from the Electronic Investigation Department in Dubai Police said that the Public Prosecution investigations, "The electronic patrols monitored a video clip posted on (Instagram), of a person throwing sums of money in euro currency from his vehicle while it was driving, which prompted many workers to race to collect it in a way that disturbs public order." .
He added that a team from the administration was able to identify the driver of the car, the first suspect (E.M. - a European), and arrested him in the parking lot of a shopping center.
He added that by asking the accused about the incident, he admitted what was stated in the video in Al Quoz Industrial Area, to increase followers on his account, and to appear in the image of the person who lives a luxurious and luxurious life, and admitted that he threw 50 thousand euros from the car, but it was not real, and bought it from an online store at a value of 1000 dirhams. And he documented his confession in a conversation via WhatsApp between him and an Asian employee who bought him those coins.
He added that permission was obtained from the Public Prosecution Office to search the residence of the first accused, where an amount of 700,000 counterfeit dollars was found, in addition to the amount of 417 thousand counterfeit euros.
He indicated that by asking the second defendant, he admitted printing the counterfeit money in the shop, through a computer, at the request of the first defendant who told him that he would distribute it in a party as a show, and he also admitted to handing over the first amounts of money previously, but he made sure to write the phrase "money." unreal."
The witness confirmed in the investigations of the Public Prosecution that the behavior of the first accused by throwing money at the workers is insulting, affects public morals, and endangered their lives by collecting them in light of the current conditions associated with the "Corona" pandemic, as well as the possibility of them being exposed to car accidents due to their gathering in an unsafe manner, and the counterfeit coins That he was throwing allows the possibility of spreading among people.
He pointed out that the accused showed on his account on "Instagram" a clip while driving a luxury car and surrounded by bundles of dollars, and a friend of his was arrested, who filmed him while throwing money, and he was referred to the Misdemeanors and Violations Court for not having a role in counterfeiting currencies, pointing out that the workers They were deceived by the money that the accused was throwing because it looked like the real one, and they belonged to a simple category and it was difficult for them to distinguish between real and fake coins.
A report issued by the forensic evidence confirmed that the fake money used by the liar millionaire is similar to the real one, and the average person can be deceived.
For his part, the first accused before the Criminal Court retracted his confessions he had made in the police report and the investigations of the Public Prosecution, but the court reassured the previous confessions and did not take into account his denial.
Dubai Police monitored a video clip of dozens of workers crowding the car of the first accused, throwing sums of money.
Follow our latest local and sports news and the latest political and economic developments via Google news
Source: emara
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Theatre teaches children expression and creativity. It helps children develop their social and emotional intelligence, build self confidence, and is a really fun time! The Triple Threat camp helps students explore improvisation, character building, scene study, storytelling, script writing, set design, costume, make-up, and performance, as well as singing and dancing, all the while preparing for a performance for the parents at the end of the week.
There are two age groups: 6-9 and 10-14 year old.
For more information about registration, follow the link below.


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East West Rail is one of the country's most strategically important rail projects, with its direct link through the corridor dubbed the UK's own 'Silicon Valley'.
The railway will create a direct link between Oxford and Cambridge, delivering benefits for passengers and businesses, regional and nationally, by unlocking additional housing and economic growth. The route incorporates sections of existing railway as well as an entirely new alignment for the route east of Bedford.
Stephen Barker will describe the background to the East West Rail scheme and the role of the newly-formed East West Railway Company in developing a different business model for building and operating a UK railway that will also integrate with established parts of the industry.
Stephen will also talk about the current progress with the scheme and share EWRCo's thoughts on the types of technology they will be using to establish a safe, reliable and customer focused railway.
Stephen was appointed as Engineering Director for the East West Railway Company in early 2017.
He is a Chartered Civil Engineer and his railway career stretches back for over a quarter of a century. He started out at British Rail Research in the early 1990s where he gained experience in a broad range of railway topics. He spent four years at Railtrack (Southern) in the late 90s before joining Chiltern Railways in 2001. Stephen took a leading role in the development and delivery of Chiltern's "Evergreen" infrastructure upgrade schemes, culminating with the delivery of the new Marylebone – Oxford route in 2016. Immediately prior to joining EWRCo, Stephen was Chiltern's Business Development Director.


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The context of control: A cross-national investigation of the link between political institutions, efficacy, and collective action
Katie E. Corcoran, David Pettinicchio, Jacob Young
WATTS: Criminology and Criminal Justice, School of
Most research on efficacy and participation in collective action has focused on single country samples with little attention paid to the relationship between efficacy and country-level structural factors. Drawing on value expectancy theory, we theorize a link between macro-level political institutions and micro-level efficacy. To address the previous limitations in the efficacy and collective action literature, we use multi-level, cross-national data, and present results from a series of hierarchical models testing whether efficacy increases collective action cross-nationally, whether political institutions affect efficacy, and whether the effect of efficacy on collective action is conditional on political institutions. We find that efficacy increases collective action, that certain political institutions increase efficacy, and that the effect of efficacy on collective action is partly conditional on the inclusiveness of a country's political institutions. These findings suggest the insufficiency of purely structural as well as social psychological explanations of collective action.
British Journal of Social Psychology
Corcoran, K. E., Pettinicchio, D., & Young, J. (2011). The context of control: A cross-national investigation of the link between political institutions, efficacy, and collective action. British Journal of Social Psychology, 50(4), 575-605. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.2011.02076.x
The context of control : A cross-national investigation of the link between political institutions, efficacy, and collective action. / Corcoran, Katie E.; Pettinicchio, David; Young, Jacob.
In: British Journal of Social Psychology, Vol. 50, No. 4, 12.2011, p. 575-605.
Corcoran, KE, Pettinicchio, D & Young, J 2011, 'The context of control: A cross-national investigation of the link between political institutions, efficacy, and collective action', British Journal of Social Psychology, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 575-605. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.2011.02076.x
Corcoran KE, Pettinicchio D, Young J. The context of control: A cross-national investigation of the link between political institutions, efficacy, and collective action. British Journal of Social Psychology. 2011 Dec;50(4):575-605. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.2011.02076.x
Corcoran, Katie E. ; Pettinicchio, David ; Young, Jacob. / The context of control : A cross-national investigation of the link between political institutions, efficacy, and collective action. In: British Journal of Social Psychology. 2011 ; Vol. 50, No. 4. pp. 575-605.
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abstract = "Most research on efficacy and participation in collective action has focused on single country samples with little attention paid to the relationship between efficacy and country-level structural factors. Drawing on value expectancy theory, we theorize a link between macro-level political institutions and micro-level efficacy. To address the previous limitations in the efficacy and collective action literature, we use multi-level, cross-national data, and present results from a series of hierarchical models testing whether efficacy increases collective action cross-nationally, whether political institutions affect efficacy, and whether the effect of efficacy on collective action is conditional on political institutions. We find that efficacy increases collective action, that certain political institutions increase efficacy, and that the effect of efficacy on collective action is partly conditional on the inclusiveness of a country's political institutions. These findings suggest the insufficiency of purely structural as well as social psychological explanations of collective action.",
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Irene van Oorschot
The Law Multiple
The Law Multiple – Now Published
Posted on October 30, 2020 by irene van oorschot
The Law Multiple – my monograph on social scientific and legal ways of case-making – has rjust been published!
Having spent the majority of my last year teaching, I am glad to see it finally in print. It is published by Cambridge University Press, and will be available as a hard copy (both hard back and paper back) and in digital form.
An ethnography of legal and social-scientific truth claims – how they are made, what human and non-human actors they mobilize and engage, and how they end up shaping our worlds – The Law Multiple represents an attempt to stay with the practical, occasionally messy, and never not concrete practice of judges and social scientists alike. Click here for a brief summary of the text and the praise it received. Or else, take a look at the publisher's website!
If you are an editor seeking a review copy for a journal, a fellow researcher, or a student seeking to use it in your studies, please do not hesitate to get in touch!
Posted in Uncategorized	| Tagged The Law Multiple	| Leave a reply
Fantastic News! #MSCActions Fellows
Posted on February 8, 2021 by irene van oorschot
This morning I received word that the Marie Curie grant proposal I have been working on over the summer has been accepted! This means that I will be working at the Catholic University of Leuven, more specifically a the Life Sciences and Society Lab, expertly headed by Prof. I. van Hoyweghen. The project engages closely with the notion of 'resilience', and the way this is translated and mobilized in various professional settings. I am over the moon with joy at the prospect of taking my career this crucial step further and developing important skills along the way. More information on the project, including a project specific website, is soon to follow. For now, follow me on twitter for updates!
On Doing What's Right: Lessons from Judicial Practice
Posted on December 7, 2020 by irene van oorschot
The decisions judges have to make on a day-to-day basis are difficult: after all, they affect the defendant's life deeply. In other words, they have to do the right thing. But what is 'right' to do in one context isn't necessarily what's right in another setting. How can we think about these evaluations and judgments, taking their situated and contextual character into account?
When sentencing, judges try to arrive at a decision that's right for the defendant. Important dimensions of judging that 'rightness' are, for instance, the proportionality of the sentence in relation to the gravity of the offense, but also in relation to the consequences of the sentence for the defendant. With prison sentences often conceived of as particularly punitive, judges may be cautious to mobilize it as a sentencing option. Particularly in cases where a prison term may cause the defendant to loose his or her job – and hence his or her perhaps already precarious livelihood! – judges may opt for community service or a fine.
What is right for one defendant, then, may not be right for another: 'rightness' is a contextual affair. But understandings of rightness may also be non-coherent. What counts as right within one way of approaching the world may not be right according to another perspective or frame. A sentence that is 'right' for the defendant in broader punitive terms may be wholly inappropriate within a rehabilitationist frame. Scholars of law and society are intimately familiar with these contrasting approaching to punishment – and my data, detailed in The Law Multiple, illustrate that judges make deliberate and careful choices between these registers of rightness to make decisions.
These insights resonate strongly with a variety of studies in valuing and valuation research, which draw attention to the situated, and therefore unstable, character of judgments. As a researcher, it may be tempting to take the role of the 'legislator' and judge whether or not our informants are, well, right in their use and mobilization of specific understandings of rightness. Yet the more empirically productive option, perhaps, is to study where and how valuing takes place in practices – which is precisely the suggestion made by Heuts and Mol in their influential paper 'What is a Good Tomato?'. Fascinatingly, they understand valuing as an important site of research in and of itself.
They also understand it not only, or simply, as a cognitive activity that takes place in people's heads, but approach it as a practical activity with a variety of materials. Thinking of legal practices, the first material that shapes judges' valuing that spring to mind is, of course, the legal case file. It not only transports the 'facts', but also narrates and presents them in such a way as to render adjudication and sentencing possible. The world of the file, I have written elsewhere, is a world that has to be rendered judgment-compatible.
Interestingly, the world of the legal case file is populated by different actors: institutional actors, present in formal language, signatures, and stamps – but also, and crucially, the defendant him/herself. Particularly at the sentencing stage, questions about the defendant proliferate. Is he or she a productive member of society? Is she aware of the gravity of the defence, and authentically remorseful? What drove her to the crime in the first place?
Here, it is important to note that much of the information that reaches the judge is written up by parole officers, who generate so-called pre-sentencing reports. And where these might once have detailed the defendant's life story in a narrative format, they are increasingly structured – in the Dutch context at least – along formalized risk assessment formats (the Dutch Recidivism Assessment Scale or RISc tool). Based on the parole officer's conversation with the defendant, his or her risk of recidivism is disaggregated into distinct categories, and scored as low or high risk. Now, when we think of judicial valuing in practice, an important question is: what does this new method of generating knowledge about the defendant do to judicial valuing practices? How does this register of risk inform their decisions?
I contend we need to more about these complexities of valuing in practice – not only in the practices of judges, but in all practices in which professionals make decisions about people's lives. How, in other words, do professionals decide what's right? And how do these professionals judgment of rightness shape our shared world?
Feeling Like a File-Worker: On Affects, Bureaucratic Investments, and Care
Posted on November 9, 2020 by irene van oorschot
How do judges feel their way through their case load? What is the role of the emotions and of affects in bureaucratic practices anyway? And how can we develop the tools to do justice to the affective texture of file-work?
It's been in the making for a while now, but I am glad to be able to tell you Lieke Wissink and I will soon be publishing a piece in Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space, that tackles these questions directly. Drawing on two ethnographic research projects, one in a European deportation unit, the other in a Dutch criminal court, we show how file-work is not simply dry and boring work of indifferent bureaucrats. Instead, this type of work is shot through with affects of various intensities, especially affects of care for the file's completeness, its quality (a very difficult thing to define!), and its capacity for smooth bureaucratic movement.
Crucially, we also show – in contrast to approaches that gloss over differences between bureaucratic settings – that these affects differ very much in the two sites. In the deportation unit, the decision to report a person has already been made, and the actual individual referent of the file – the illegalized person – operates more as a nuisance to smooth bureaucratic functioning. In the criminal court, however, the decision is yet to be made, which also means that judges have to remain open to whatever may transpire in court:
Judges' preferred affective relation to the file and to the file's referent, then, is one of allowing oneself to be affected, but not prejudiced – a process assisted by not hurrying and by hesitations […] 'Keeping a cool head', however, is not the same as affective detachment. According to the judges, weighing the case, turning it over in one's thoughts, is and will always remain 'human work' or a 'craft', not an 'exact science'. Indeed, complete affective detachment from the file's referent – the defendant – is something to avoid, as a proper decision has to be rooted in an appreciation of the severity and the context of the case, as well as the defendants' personal circumstances.
As such, the article can be read as a problematization of the idea that bureaucratic practices are either rational or indifferent, and as an argument to highlight the daily work of paper-shuffling and its attendant affects and investment. Only in taking these practices of ensuring 'good files' seriously can we attend to the everyday, perhaps banal, reproduction of State power and its violence.
The pre-print of the article can be found here!
The Invisibility of Case Files: On Documentary Doubling
Sociologies of judicial decision-making practices often concentrate on verbal interactions in Court. Dramatizing the encounter between impersonal, abstract 'Law' and the individual defendant, these settings have attracted significant sociological attention and wonder. But what about the pretrial work that takes place backstage? And what about the legal case file?
Case files have not received a wealth of attention in socio-legal studies and sociologies of law. There are a few reasons for this neglect – some of them good, some of them perhaps less so. One of the reasons documents like the legal case file may not have received much attention is that they, like any infrastructure, tend to be rather invisible: sunken into the 'background' of everyday action, their crucial role in shaping judicial work may remain invisible, unremarkable.
Another reason for this neglect may be practical: it is rare for researchers to acquire full access to the work practices that take place backstage, in the Court's hallways and offices. And of course, that is precisely where the files are!
Last, case files are also – for lack of a better word – boring. In contrast with the highly charged and affectively textured interactions in court, the case file makes a rather mundane impression. Sure, traces of the highly emotional events that tend to make up cases are certainly present (in witness or victim descriptions), but as an object it does not exactly spark the sociological imagination. it is for this reason that Bruno Latour quips that documents may be the 'most despised of ethnographic objects'.
Still, this neglect hampers our understanding of judicial practices. Case files are crucial to the practical and 'epistemic' delineation of the case. In other words: quod non est in actis, non est in mundo (what is not on file, is not in the world), as far as many judges are concerned. As such, case files engage in an operation we could call 'documentary doubling', a notion I and a co-author develop here: doubling the world outside of the judge's reach, it translates the event and the defendant to produce a highly specific 'judgment-compatible' world:
'the case file features as a specific technique to produce a singular event, and bring into being a hybrid subject, located at the inter-section of rights and legal obligations, of morality, and the sphere of (calculable) risks and rehabilitation.' (522)
Not to be Reproduced, R. Magritte (1937)
In so doing, these operations 'constitute forms of documentary doubling in that the events and actors referenced are translated into legal communications and are thereby "doubled".' (p. 522)
What are the consequences of such an approach to legal case files? Well, it means we have to take them seriously as actors that delineate the case and shape the world the judge is deciding on. It also means we can raise critical questions about what actors may or may not contribute to that world. Or we may wonder what forms of evidence, documents, and statements may be officially folded into the file, and which may not. Opened up is also space to attend empirically to contestations of the particular way the file has shaped and constructed this particular, judgment-compatible version of the world. Doubling, we argue, is a practical operation, but it is also an operation of power: the power to define and distinguish between the legally relevant and irrelevant, that which belong to the case, and that which does not.
But the case file is not just a container of texts, a vehicle for the transmission of information. It is also, and crucially, a material and temporal object. In my next blog posts, I elaborate on what that means!
How Race Haunts Criminal Justice: In/Visible Histories, Contemporary Concerns
The relationship between criminal justice and race is fraught. The revival of calls for prison abolition emerging from the Black Lives Matter movement raise a set of difficult questions scholars of law and society will need to attend to.
One of these questions is: How can we understand this fraught relationship between law and race? While Critical Legal Studies convincingly show that race is foundational to legal, liberal orders (see especially Whiteness as Property by Cheryl I. Harris, and The Racial Contract by Charles W. Mills), and while statistical accounts show that criminal justice reproduces wider racial and ethnic inequalities, race also plays a more hidden role in criminal justice.
On the one hand, race may be evaded, as it was among the judges in the Dutch jurisdiction I studied. However, these judges do draw on implicitly racialized notions of culture, the social milieu, and the phenotype in making sense of individual defendants. In mobilizing these registers, they articulate (versions of) race, excavating from the past not simply biological, but humoral and phenotypical modes of ordering human bodies and lives. Analyzing what these appeals to 'culture, 'the social milieu', and the phenotype do – and not do – in actual judicial practices, the piece concludes that:
Even though biological race may not be the first or primary register in which judges conceive of individual defendants, shades of its biological dimensions persist in their use of the milieu concept, which so readily includes notes on geographic isolation or a cultural–religious emphasis on endogamy and their genetic consequences. But race escapes these narrow, biological confines: it is variously articulated as 'culture', and certain styles and forms of dress coproduce certain defendants as, for instance, 'Turkish-looking'. Precisely in this shape-shifting capacity, race persists. (p. 805-806)
But that does not mean that race is a stable and uncontested presence in these practices. Judges and other actors in Court may also aim to confront or destabilize these registers, for instance in an appeal to the 'individual behind the culture', or the arbitrary and problematic status of witness descriptions that use ethnic markers of appearance. As such, I argue that in these practices, race can be understood as both a suspect presence and an (only) ambiguous absence.
On the other hand, race also plays a dubious role in forensic technologies of investigation and identification. DNA testing, for instance, relies on databases that are themselves not racially neutral. And recent advances in DNA phenotyping – using DNA found on crime scenes to reconstruct the 'face' of an individual defendant – mobilize socio-cultural stereotypes and discredited, 19th century conceptions of race.
A 'DNA snapshot', produced by commercial company Parabon Nanolab.
In What About Race?, published in the Routledge Companion to Actor Network Theory, Amade Mcharek and I wonder how we can draw on the tools developed in actor network-theory to make sense of race in such practices – and what actor network scholars may in turn learn from thinking with race. We emphasize that scholars need to take multiple histories into account – especially when these histories may be glossed over in appeals to the 'progress of science' or a presumably post-racial present:
The study of human difference is similarly a field in which narratives of scientific progress can be encountered. However, it is also a field that can at times come across as being haunted by histories of eugenics and colonialism. A narrative of historical discontinuity is one way to make race absent: insisting that at stake in genetics is not 'race' but population, for instance, is a way to enact a break between the scientific now and the pseudo-scientific, racist past. In a way, these narratives resonate with appeals to a post-racial present, in which we have moved beyond race… However, these times continue to haunt (Derrida 1993) what goes on in the present.
This image, we suggest, evokes not only every more granular and probabilistic data that – as it suggests – are present 'in the DNA'. It also mobilizes social and cultural registers of race in its portrayal of the nose or hair texture of the unknown suspect. These social and cultural registers cannot meaningfully be thought without taking 19th century, raciological knowledges – drawn e.g. from physical anthropology and anthropometry – into account. Hence, the image folds within itself multiple histories. With that, race also challenges a largely implicit form of presentism that still affects certain versions of actor network-theory:
As such, thinking with the object of race also asks us to (re)consider other sites, networks and objects within these nonpresentist terms. Can we have eye for different and multiple temporalities as these are folded within ostensibly black-boxed, 'ready-to-hand' objects? Can we allow ourselves to trace not simply what is made present in networks, but have eye for those objects that contribute to the making of networks in more ambiguous ways?
Good sources to think about such DNA phenotyping technologies and their ethical and political implications is this position paper by a variety of science and technology scholars. This empirical piece by Roos Hopman offers a good discussion of the practical logics in play in DNA phenotyping, while this article, co-authored with Amade M'charek, delves into the oscillation between individuals and collectives in DNA phenotyping. .
Law, Time – and Folded Objects
Contemporary approaches in science and technology studies are increasingly pointing to the role of time and temporality in shaping scientific knowledge production. Can we draw on this same sensibility to make sense of legal practices of case-making?
Within legal practices, time is of the essence. Procedure introduces the necessity to take stock of precise dates and times, while judges draw on the case file to make a decision in the here-and-now about the there-and-then of the offence. The case file is crucial to these efforts: as a folder of documents, it is also a folder of these multiple temporalities.
Austen's Axiom 40″ x 40″, Jeanne Vadeboncoeur (2018)
On the one hand, the case file carefully traces its own procedural path through times and space, while on the other it transforms facts in such a way that they can be used in the future – that is, in Court. It mobilizes temporalities of different kinds: the historical events in question, narrated and accounted for in witness descriptions, police reports, victim and suspect statements; and the time of procedure, which is carefully traced by means of stamps, signatures, and other authorizing techniques. These temporalities are rendered explicit in the case file. Yet there is also the history of the case file's production, consisting of situated interactions between police officers and witnesses, victims and suspects. These histories are only visible in small traces, in oblique references. Yet they may become crucial to the case, for instance when these traces seem to suggest that the prosecutor did not ensure that due diligence was taken, or if they suggest that police officers have 'massaged' their transcripts of the interaction with the suspect.
In highlighting these temporalities and the role they may play in Court, I conceptualize the case file as a folded object. In Chapter 6 of The Law Multiple, I write that:
objects are not simply used "in time," but that they both enact and render invisible different times themselves. Drawing on this notion, I am interested, first, in how the legal case file folds within it multiple histories in its effort to render history (the offence in question) available; and second, how the case file may itself become the object of un- and refolding practices in the making and remaking of that same historical event. (p. 147)
I unpack how these temporalities and histories of different sorts come to play a role in truth-finding efforts in Court, and how actors, most notably the defence, may mobilize certain of the case file's hidden, invisible histories in what I have called moments of temporal interference:
In emphasizing the making of multiple temporalities this chapter has paid specific attention to phenomena we can now start to recognize as moments of temporal interference: that is, the moments in which the time of procedure, the time of the file's production, and chronological time cannot be neatly kept apart but rather interfere with each other to produce barriers to truth making. In each of the cases drawn on in this chapter, the time of procedure, the time of the production of the file, and the time of the offense are evoked and "brought to life" simultaneously, producing a situation both propitious (for the defendant and lawyer) and challenging (to the prosecutor). These moments of temporal interference demonstrate that, while great care is taken to set the procedural stage for truth making, such efforts do not necessarily succeed. Procedure, as well as the times and places of the case file's production, can be evoked to bar access to the truth. (p. 162)
As an additional recourse to think about the practical making and mobilization of time in legal practice, check this wonderful collection of chapters edited by Sian Beynon Jones and Emily Grabham! Their introductory chapter is available as an open access pdf.
Seeing like a Judge: Beyond Statistical Understandings of Judicial Practice
Sentencing disparities research is an important source of insight in the reproduction of inequalities in the criminal justice system. However, they offer a highly limited understanding of what it is like to see the world like a judge.
What do statistics do? A strange question perhaps, but one that is at the heart of Chapter 3 of The Law Multiple. There, I draw on science and technology studies to trace the ways statistical accounts of judicial decision-making perform a very specific understanding of judicial practices into being.
For instance, statistical models often end up 'black-boxing' judicial decision-making. Instead of decision-making as a social, material, and temporal process, it is operationalized as a simple informational input and output system. Information, translated into distinct and autonomous variables, enter the black box – and out come decisions.
An example of cases as a collection of autonomous variables (taken from M. Crow, Florida's Evolving Sentencing Policy: An Analysis of the Impact of Sentencing Guidelines Transformations)
These statistical models also tend to introduce the assumption that cases can be meaningfully translated into distinct and autonomous 'case factors', such as the gravity of the offense, the presence of a criminal record, or the defendants' age, gender, and ethnicity or race.. But judges do not see defendants as 'bundles of factors'!
In The Law Multiple, Chapters 3 and 4, I unpack these performativities of statistical modelling judicial decision-making in more detail – after which I contrast these with judges own approach to cases. The differences are pretty stark:
For judges, the case is first and foremost a narrative thing: involving times, places, events, and characters inextricably linked both to the offense in question and to their biographies, their previous actions, and the narratives they in turn provide the judge with. In sociology's cross-sectional world, cases are bundles of factors that refer back to population groups. Questions asked about these cases are different, too. In these legal practices, the question with regards to the case is: what's its story? In the second, the question with regard to the case is the quintessentially sociological question, what lies behind it? (p. 114)
This specific judicial approach to cases also demands a different kind of affective orientation to the case, I argue:
Both kinds of cases – narrative or statistical – also demand different kinds of observers. Judges' familiarity with different whole-case narratives comes as a result of professional intimacy, prior knowledge, and practice: trained, but not necessarily pre-discursive intuitions and narrative capacities that help to distinguish between the relevant and the irrelevant, the remorseful and the remorseless, the typical and the atypical. In these practices, objectivity demands not the cancellation of the individual observer in an appeal to mechanical objectivity (Daston and Gallison 1992), but precisely the mobilization of his or her prior knowledge, expertise, and prudence. (p. 114)
My thinking here has been shaped in particular by Cyrus Tata's work on the limitations of certain binary understandings of judicial craftwork. There, he points out that the statistical imagination cannot do justice to the way the facts of the case are interpretatively and holistically established to begin with – for instance, through narrative:
Cognitive-analytical work has tended simply to equate 'factors' with case 'facts'. So not only does factorial explanation ignore how 'facts' are identified or not, it also ignores their contingent, fluid, synergistic and constructed nature. Yet criminological and socio-legal research into the criminal process has now provided ample demonstration of the social construction of case facts. The meaning of facts is contingent on the ever-evolving nature of the case. However, the factorial approach must necessarily suppose that the sentencing meaning of factors remains immutable and constant from one case to the next and indeed during each case. Far from being discrete, immutable and irreducible elements, in the routine decision process 'factors' are inextricable and inseparable from the meaning of the constructed and reconstructed typified whole-case narrative. (Tata 2007: 435)
His more recent Sentencing: A Social Process is an especially important source to think through the complexities of sentencing and judicial decision-making. Like The Law Multiple, it takes stock of dominant understandings of sentencing in order to develop a conception of sentencing that attends to its complex, situated, and holistic character. A fantastic read!
Authentic apologies – or feeling bad you got caught?
For judges, the question whether a defendant demonstrates authentic remorse is of paramount importance. But how do they interpret and weigh these demonstrations of remorse?
Remorse – a crucial emotion in Western understandings our obligations to others – is an essential ingredient of sentencing practices.
The Repentance of St. Peter, Guido Reni (1635)
Authentic remorse, to judges, is more than just an apology. They also actively look for signs that a defendant is 'taking responsibility'. Indications that the defendant is bettering his or her life – by finding a meaningful way to pass the day (employment or education) or by seeking help for medical or mental health issues – can be interpreted as signs of remorse.
But the priority judges attach to such demonstrations of remorse, it turns out, really depends on the type of case. Indeed, judges tend to work with a set of 'typical cases' that involve typified understandings of the kind of defendant, kind of circumstances, and kind of offence. Depending on this whole-case scenario, they either value, or devalue, defendants' demonstrations of remorse.
An example? In cases involving petty theft by drug-addicted defendants – a rather common kind of case in the lower Courts – judges tend to sideline defendants' demonstrations of remorse. After all, 'the addiction will be stronger than their resolve'. The ethical and political implications of such an understanding of crime, moral responsibility, and addiction are far-reaching indeed!
For more on 'whole case narratives', see this piece by Cyrus Tata (foundational for my thinking about judicial practices as 'craft-work'). For a more in-depth discussion of the relationship between whole-case narratives and the interpretation and weighing of remorse, see this article in Social and Legal Studies, or Chapter 3 in The Law Multiple. There, I make the case that remorse is a contextual and mediated achievement:
Remorse, then, is mediated narratively: first, judges face a narrating subject in court, whose "story" has the capacity to inform not only their impression of the defendants' remorsefulness, but also their sentencing decisions. The narratives proffered by the defendant face dual and sometimes conflicting demands: a narrative offering temporal-causal intelligibility, as is the case in those defendants seeking to argue a case of self-defense, for instance, may detract from the successful narration of moral and personal responsibility. Second, defendants' remorsefulness is weighed and evaluated in and through several typical whole-case narratives: recurring and typified "cases" characterized by different modes of emplotment (Ricoeur 1992), including different conceptions of what drives people to do what they do (anger, addiction, a bad relationship), different modes of evaluating the degree to which they are responsible, and different modes of retaining or rejecting the normative expectation that they should take responsibility. (p. 109)
A great read is also this piece by Kate Rossmanith, Steven Tudor, and Michael Proeve on the question, How do Judges Know? An important source to think remorse in criminal justice settings is Richard Weisman's Showing Remorse: Law and the Social Control of Emotion.
Decentering the Judge: On Clerks and Case Files
One of the most fascinating dimensions of researching legal practices – to me – is the way a close look at backstage proceedings reorients one's attention to the social and material distribution of 'judging'.
The field of socio-legal studies, because of its close association with legal scholarship, tends to think of judging as an activity that is located squarely, and only, in the judge. Literatures on discretion and the 'social' or 'psychological' influences on judicial decision-making tend to reiterate this conception of the judge as the sole (but not 'un-influenced') decision-maker. Of course, in a purely legal sense, this is true – or rather, must be taken as if it were true. The judge is indeed responsible and accountable for the verdict!
Yet a closer look at judicial practices suggests that this conception of judging, while legally necessary, is in fact a poor approximation of actual work practices. In my ethnography, I highlight the distributed and mediated character of judicial decision-making.
A stack of case files, ready to be 'prepared' by an assisting clerk
I emphasize the 'agentic' role of case files, which shape and delineate the case in questions, and highlight the important work done by assisting clerks in summarizing and shaping the case as it appears on judges desks. Taking this social and material mediation of judicial case-construction seriously, I suggest, is also a way to attend to legal ways of finding out 'what really happened'. In The Law Multiple (2020), I suggest that
[W]here legal practices promise some kind of access to "what really happened" these instances are helpfully addressed using a distributed, mediated, and practical conception of observation. Particularly the case file, allowing the transportation of evidentiary materials and the translation of an event into a punishable offense, is a salient ingredient of these epistemic practices: without it, there is no "case" to be made. (p. 59-60)


text:
Del Rey Books is a branch of Ballantine Books, which is owned by Random House and, in turn, by Penguin Random House.  It is a separate imprint established in 1977 under the editorship of author Lester del Rey and his wife Judy-Lynn del Rey.  It specializes in science fiction and fantasy books, and formerly manga under its (now defunct) Del Rey Manga imprint.

The first new novel published by Del Rey was The Sword of Shannara by Terry Brooks in 1977. Del Rey also publishes the Star Wars novels under the LucasBooks sub-imprint (licensed from Lucasfilm, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Studios division of The Walt Disney Company).

Authors

Piers Anthony
Isaac Asimov
Stephen Baxter
Amber Benson
Ray Bradbury
Terry Brooks
Pierce Brown
Bonnie Burton
Jack L. Chalker
Arthur C. Clarke
James Clemens
Dan Cragg
Brian Daley
Maurice G. Dantec
Philip K. Dick
Stephen R. Donaldson
David Eddings
Philip José Farmer
Mick Farren
Joe Clifford Faust
Lynn Flewelling
Robert L. Forward
Alan Dean Foster
Gregory Frost
Christopher Golden
James L. Halperin
Barbara Hambly
Peter F. Hamilton
Ward Hawkins
Kevin Hearne
Robert A. Heinlein
Robert E. Howard
Robert Don Hughes
J. Gregory Keyes
Rosemary Kirstein
Katherine Kurtz
H. P. Lovecraft
James Luceno
Anne McCaffrey
Donald E. McQuinn
China Miéville
Elizabeth Moon
Sylvain Neuvel
Robert Newcomb
Larry Niven
John Norman
Naomi Novik
Frederik Pohl
Michael Poore
Christopher Rowley
David Sherman
Scott Sigler
Lucy A. Snyder
Michael J. Sullivan
J. R. R. Tolkien
Harry Turtledove

Books published

2020
 A Blight of Blackwings
 Devolution
 Ink and Sigil
 Mexican Gothic

Series

Batman
 A trilogy based on the Dark Knight version of the character.
 Batman: Dead White (2006 novel) by John Shirley
 Batman: Inferno (2006 novel) by Alex Irvine
 Batman: Fear Itself (2007 novel) by Michael Reaves and Steven-Elliot Altman

Dragonriders of Pern
Twenty-three Dragonriders of Pern novels by Anne McCaffrey and Todd McCaffrey beginning with the first edition of the third novel—The White Dragon (1978)—and reprints of the first two novels.

Ghosts of Albion
 Accursed (2005 novel) by Amber Benson and Christopher Golden
 Witchery (2006 novel) by Amber Benson and Christopher Golden

God of War
 God of War (2010 novelization) by Matthew Stover and Robert E. Vardeman
 God of War II (2013 novelization) by Robert E. Vardeman

Halo
 Halo: The Fall of Reach (2001 novel) by Eric Nylund
 Halo: The Flood (2003 novel) by William C. Dietz
 Halo: First Strike (2003 novel) by Eric Nylund
Ink & Sigil by Kevin Hearne

 Ink & Sigil (2020 novel)
 Paper & Blood (2021 novel)
Robotech
 Twenty-one Robotech novels (1987–1996) by James Luceno and Brian Daley

Shannara
Eleven (and counting) Shannara novels by Terry Brooks

Spider-Man by Peter David
 Spider-Man (2002 novelization) by Peter David
 Spider-Man 2 (2004 novelization) by Peter David
 Spider-Man 3 (2007 novelization) by Peter David

Southern Victory
 Eleven Southern Victory novels (1997–2007) by Harry Turtledove

Star Wars
 Many Star Wars novels by various authors.

Tarzan
 Time's Last Gift (1977 revised edition) by Philip José Farmer
 Tarzan: The Epic Adventures (1996) by R. A. Salvatore
 The Dark Heart of Time (June 1999) by Philip José Farmer
Temeraire

Nine Temeraire novels (2006-2016) by Naomi Novik, published by Del Rey books in the US.
X-Men
 X-Men (2000 novelization) by Kristine Kathryn Rusch and Dean Wesley Smith
 X-Men 2 (2003 novelization) by Chris Claremont
 X-Men: The Last Stand (2006 novelization) by Chris Claremont

References

External links
Del Rey on Random House Books

American speculative fiction publishers
Science fiction publishers
Fantasy book publishers
Random House
Publishing companies established in 1977

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Create PKCS12 certificate in JAVA so here's what I'm trying to do:

*

*I connect to my SSL server

*It sends me two certificates, and one of them is self-signed
At this stage, there are no problems, I've:
X509Certificate[] myTwoCerts;
// with 2 certificates in there, and I'm sure it's there because, I print them in my console.

*

*Now I want to create .p12 file with 2 certificates inside.

Until now, I've tried something like this:
KeyStore pkcs12Store = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");
pkcs12Store.load(null, null);
X509Certificate cert1 = myTwoCerts[0];
X509Certificate cert2 = myTwoCerts[1]
String alias1 = "FIRST";
String alias2 = "SECOND";
pkcs12Store.setCertificateEntry(alias1, cert2);
pkcs12Store.setCertificateEntry(alias2, cert2);

But I'm getting the following Exception:
Exception in thread "main" java.security.KeyStoreException: TrustedCertEntry not supported

Can anybody help me plz??

A: The PKCS12 keystore in Java cannot be used to store certificates or certificate chains without their private keys.
See this note in the JCA reference guide:

"pkcs12" is another option. This is a cross platform keystore based on the RSA PKCS12 Personal Information Exchange Syntax Standard. This standard is primarily meant for storing or transporting a user's private keys, certificates, and miscellaneous secrets. As of JDK 6, standards for storing Trusted Certificates in "pkcs12" have not been established yet, and thus "jks" or "jceks" should be used for trusted certificates.

(Despite mentioning JDK 6, this still is in the JDK 7 documentation.)
If you want to store a private key + certificate (chain) in a PKCS#12 store in Java, there needs to be a private key and you need to use the setKeyEntry method.

A: keytool -trustcacerts -keystore keystore.p12 -storetype pkcs12   -alias root -genkeypair

KeyStore pkcs12 = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");
String filename = "/tmp/keystore.p12";
keyStore.load(
                    new FileInputStream(/*"myKeyStore.jks"*/filename),
                    password);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Filmed at the 5th Annual Daytona Blues Festival in Daytona, Florida – Best of the Blues at the Nicest Time of the Year. Mr. Sipp visited the crowd in the stands; he probably would have enjoyed a cold beverage at the Craft Brewing Tasting that was going on at the Festival at the same time. If you were in the stands, you are probably in this video.


I was using a T-mobile locked Galaxy S8 and was receiving regular updates. I dropped my phone, and had to get a another one. So I opted for refurbished. It's Tmobile version of S8 Unlocked G950U. I can say it's Tmobile version, because I see Tmobile logo on boot.
So when it comes to firmware updates, every time I look for updates on phone, it says 'The device is up to date'. I'm on G950USQU2CRB9, which according to Tmobile is released on 'March 19, 2018'. There has been 6 updates since then, but not sure why my device won't update either automatically or manually.I been trying to update my phone for 2 months, haven't received any updates. I even tried updating using Smartswitch on PC, but no luck so far.
I know I can manually download and apply updates, but looking to see if there is a fix.
The simplest solution would be to head on over to the XDA Developers S8 forum, download the latest firmware, and flash it through ODIN. Make sure you use the CSC that wipes the device to prevent any lingering issues.
Will it be work? Did anyone try it?
I have personally flashed a lot of different phones for myself and others. I also help people over on XDA, which is why I suggested it. There are also plenty of excellent walk-throughs, guides, and download links for everything you would need already there. If you head on over there and things seem overwhelming, I can either help you here or over there. I don't think flashing guides and links to software to flash your phone are allowed here though. If they are, I qm more than happy to write you up a quick quide to do so here.
please let me know, if someone tried before.
Well, obviously! This is how I know it will solve your issue.
Thank you syaoran, yes this would work. However the only drawback I see with it, is that I need flash my phone every time there a new firmware release. I personally want to avoid flashing, as I would loose all the app data, and using backup apps to restore data never really worked out for me, at-least in my experience.
You would not need to flash your phone every time. The reason it isn't updating is because something is wrong. A complete flash with wipe to the latest firmware is basically factory reconditioning the device. Losing all of your app data is a side effect of fixing the issue. Prrserving data might not resolve the issue.
I flashed my phone using ODIN with the latest available version. Still too early to say if it solved my phone not receiving updates, because I'm on latest version, but at-least I'm not falling behind. I used 'home_csc' option and was able to keep all of the app data.
Personally, I don't recommend using the HOME_CSC in case the data preserved is related to the issue. Hopefully it isn't though.
We don't suggestion flashing the device, but I'm curious if that got you the firmware we have listed for this device?
How's your S8 acting after flashing the firmware? Which software version are you running now? Let us know if you have any other questions!
You could try backing up the device and giving it a factory reset. That could help give the phone a kick start and get the update.
Just wanted to check in and see if you'd had a chance to try any of the suggestions above!


Backseat Passengers Need Seatbelts, Too!
Even if you buckle up, your passengers might not. Help keep your passengers safe on the road by encouraging seatbelt usage.
Do you have a normal routine when you get into the car? You might adjust your mirrors, pick a radio station or playlist, and settle your coffee in its cup holder. However your pre-drive routine varies from your neighbor's, you probably have one thing in common. Before you put the car in drive, you put on your seatbelt.
Thanks to awareness campaigns and more stringent laws, the vast majority of people in the front of a car wear their seatbelts. 83 percent of drivers and front-seat passengers buckle up, the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration reports.
Unfortunately, back seat passengers are nearly 10 percent less likely to wear a seatbelt. You can help change the statistics! When you're behind the wheel, check on your backseat passengers and make sure they're buckled up before you put the vehicle in motion. You could help save a life!
For more protection on the road for yourself and your passengers, contact Udell Family Insurance in Westlake Village, California. We offer a wide range of car insurance policies so you can find one that fits you, both on and off the road.


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Stars align for Garcia Masters win
He was a good sport throughout the entire round, though, and even gave Garcia his moment to shine before sinking his final putt by allowing Garcia to walk ahead of him to the cheers of the crowd. "But I knew what I was capable of doing, and I believed that I could do it. Thanks to that, I was able to do it". And what I needed to do.
"It's just something you grow up always doing".
"I'm surprised how cool I felt".
Five years after claiming he was not good enough to win a major, Sergio Garcia proved himself wrong in thrilling fashion by beating Justin Rose in a play-off for the Masters.
Rose birdied the par-three 16th to take the advantage, but the Englishman - who won the Olympic gold medal in Rio previous year - got out of a bunker on 17 only to miss a par putt to leave them tied going down the last.
Spain's Sergio Garcia has ended almost two decades of major disappointment by beating England's Justin Rose in a playoff to win golf's US Masters.
In his 71st major as a professional, things looked grim for Garcia when he missed a 5-foot birdie late. On 13, I hit a lovely drive and a attractive second shot straight over the flag and I made six.
The run left Rose tied with Charley Hoffman at 6-under par. The Spaniard had consecutive bogeys at 10 and 11, and his errant drive at the par-5 13th forced him to take a one-stroke penalty, putting Rose in position to build a commanding lead.
"He definitely popped in my mind a couple of times and I'm sure he helped a little bit with some of those shots or some of those putts", Garcia said of the swashbuckling Ballesteros, who died of brain cancer in 2011. "I kind of came to peace with it (not happening)", Garcia said. "I felt I could go out there and freewheel it, and I hit two great shots to finish it".
"I'm really pleased for Sergio". I felt great. I felt in control.
That's right. According to recent history, Jordan Spieth, who made a quadruple bogey on the 15th hole on Thursday, won't win the 2017 Masters.
Spieth was filled with positive vibes from his comeback over the past two rounds. In fourth at 5 under were Matt Kuchar, who aced the 16th and shot 67, and Thomas Pieters (68), who gave a strong run at becoming the first player since Fuzzy Zoeller in 1979 to win the Masters in his first try.
But Rose charged back into the lead later on in the front nine.
"That two-shot swing was when he was back in the tournament", Rose said.
Garcia was certainly a popular victor with the gallery at Augusta, who urged him on throughout the back nine either in English or Spanish, just when it looked like he was going to come up short again. By the same token, it also marked his best finish in one of golf's four big events since the 2014 season. That, of course, was the year Phil Mickelson broke his own major drought by winning the Masters in dramatic fashion.
Ballesteros, the first European to become Masters champion and a two-time victor here, was one of Garcia's two golfing heroes as he was cutting his own teeth in the sport. Garcia's wait was longer.
"In the past, I would have started going at my caddie, 'Why doesn't it go through?' and whatever", Garcia said. "In 13 years I've come to the conclusion that I need to play for second or third place". Could I have made the putt on 17?
Kyle Dawson covers sports for the Aiken Standard.
Police hunt for gun theft suspect with manifesto for Trump
Fox will investigate Bill O'Reilly harassment claims, lawyer says
U.S. Carrier Diverts to North Asia Amid North Korea Tension
Family and friends pay tribute to Chuck Berry at funeral
Far Cry 4 chief quits Ubisoft for new venture
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Canada commemorates the centenary of the Vimy WWI battle
Iowa man charged with killing mother, father and sister
Liverpool to play Sydney FC in May
British Foreign Minister Cancels Russia Visit
Warrnambool golfer Marc Leishman makes strong start at US Masters
U.S. attack on Syria aggression against sovereign state: Putin
North Korea blasts U.S. strikes on Syria, says justify nukes
Alleged NSA hack group Shadow Brokers releases new trove of exploits
More advertisers say they've ditched O'Reilly show
Jared Kushner and Ivanka Trump face ethical minefield over $US740m investment portfolio
So far, we've received less than half of the roughly 180 financial disclosures White House officials said they have processed. Gary Cohn , the director of the National Economic Council, had assets worth more than $230 million.
U.S. carrier strike group visiting S'pore diverted to Korean peninsula
The deployment of the USS Vinson is a response to recent North Korean provocations, said the official. But I think there's a shared view and no disagreement as to how unsafe the situation has become.
US Syria Strike Sent Strong Message to North Korea
South Korea said the movement of the Vinson strike group "is a result of recognizing the grave situation on the Korean Peninsula". The US forces might even carry out a strike on North Korean military facilities, the Russian lawmaker stressed.
Coutinho usurps Juninho as Premier League's most prolific Brazilian
Janusz Michallik feels Liverpool's 2-1 win over Stoke was a statement win in their hunt for the Premier League top four. Meanwhile, Stoke's fourth consecutive loss means they drop to 13th, eight points above the drop zone.
Chris Christie is halting payments from New Jersey Transit to Amtrak
On Wednesday, the MTA, NJ Transit and New Jersey Governor Chris Christie complained Amtrak isn't working quickly enough. Amtrak , which owns and maintains tracks used by New Jersey Transit and the Long Island Rail Road , said at 7:30 a.m.
Australia assesses damage as Tropical Cyclone Debbie makes landfall
Rainfall totals of 250 mm are expected widely along Debbie's path with higher totals in some locations. He said the Whitsunday Islands, Proserpine and Bowen were "really getting lashed now at the moment".
This Weekend, Join a 'People's Filibuster' Against Neil Gorsuch
Even if all of those backed the judge and opposed a filibuster, they'd still need support from two others. It's a change in Senate rules that would lower the threshold to end a filibuster to 51 from 60.
Death Toll Rises in Egypt Church Bombings
The mosque, which includes a Sufi shrine, is considered the second most important mosque in city, Al-Ahram Arabic reported. An explosive device was planted in front seat of the church, State-run TV quoted a security sources as saying.
Republicans go 'nuclear' for Trump court pick
Republicans, however, changed the rules on Thursday, requiring nominees earn only a simple majority to advance. Gorsuch's mother, Anne Gorsuch Burford, was the first female head of the EPA under President Ronald Reagan.
AT&T Eyes More 5G Spectrum With Straight Path Buy
The buyout price of $95.63 is an incredible premium to where Straight Path was trading just three years ago. AT&T has been aggressively looking to plow its millimeter wave spectrum holdings into "5G" trials.
Woman Goes Viral After Comfortably Staring Down EDL Leader At Birmingham Rally
Khan said that she was then identified to the group as "anti-fascist", which she says led to them turning on her. Controversial journalist and host of ITV's Good Morning Britain Piers Morgan dubbed it "Photo of the week".
Alert Indian Army kills 4 terrorists who tried to infiltrate into Kashmir
Eight civilians were killed and almost 100 others injured on Sunday in the first of two round Lok Sabha bye-elections in Kashmir. Rivals India and Pakistan each administer part of Kashmir, but both claim the Himalayan territory in its entirety.
Tillerson: Russia 'failure allowed Syria chemical attack'
The Trump administration's Syria policy has been hard to parse. "Our priority is first the defeat of ISIS", Tillerson said. But speaking on ABC News's This Week, Tillerson emphasised that the Syrian people would eventually decide Assad's fate.
Police Kill Civilians In Kashmir By-Election Clashes
Ahead of the polling, authorities suspended internet services across the Valley for fear of widespread protests. A second by-poll in the state for a separate Lok Sabha seat is set to take place on April 12 in Anantnag.
Trump strategist Bannon dropped from National Security Council
McMaster, his national security adviser, the responsibility of setting the agenda for NSC and Homeland Security Council meetings. McMaster inherited an organizational scheme for the National Security Council that stirred protests because of Bannon's role.
Protest action planned on Zuma's 75th birthday
Billie Piper wins best actress Olivier Award
Alec Baldwin's Donald Trump meets his supporters on 'SNL'
Marco Rubio Told His Campaign Was Targeted By Russian 'Active Measures'
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Сент-Андре́-е-Аппе́ль () — муніципалітет у Франції, у регіоні Нова Аквітанія, департамент Жиронда. Населення —  осіб (2011).

Муніципалітет розташований на відстані близько 480 км на південь від Парижа, 65 км на схід від Бордо.

Демографія

Розподіл населення за віком та статтю (2006):

Економіка

У 2010 році в муніципалітеті числилось 283 оподатковані домогосподарства, у яких проживали 679,0 особи, медіана доходів виносила  євро на одного особоспоживача

Посилання

 Сент-Андре-е-Аппель на сайті французького Національного інституту географії
 [ Розташування муніципалітету Сент-Андре-е-Аппель на мапі Франції та сусідні муніципалітети]

Див. також
 Список муніципалітетів департаменту Жиронда

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Муніципалітети департаменту Жиронда


1 pair 6.5mm needles, stitch holders.
Tension: 13sts and 19 rows to 10cm (4in) square over st st on 6.5mm needles.
12sts and 21 rows to 10cm (4in) square over moss stitch on 6.5mm needles.
Note: The yarn amounts are based on average requirements for the specified tension and yarn.


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Arena Football Football Jacksonville Sharks NAL Sports
NAL Classic to Kickoff the Season with the Battle of the Champs
December 11, 2019 December 11, 2019 LockedIN	0 Comments Arena, Football, Jacksonville, Sports
Jacksonville Sharks Announce 2020 Schedule
Following 10 seasons of arena football, nine playoff appearances, four league championship appearances, and three league championship titles the 2019 National Arena League Champions and the NAL's Franchise of the Year the Jacksonville Sharks are proud to announce their 2020 Schedule. This will be the eleventh season of Jacksonville Sharks football and fourth season in the National Arena League.
This season the National Arena League will open the regular season with a Kickoff Classic game featuring the defending NAL Champions the Jacksonville Sharks and the West Virginia Roughriders, who were the 2019 American Arena League Champions after finishing last year undefeated at 13-0 before joining the National Arena League for 2020. This battle of the champions will kick off Saturday, April 4, in Wheeling, WV. The kickoff classic will be the only National Arena League game featured that week as the rest of the NAL will kick off the season April 10-11.
This year the Sharks will have 13 games during the regular season, with six away games, seven home games, and three bye weeks. The Sharks will play most of the NAL teams twice including one matchup at home and one away. Jacksonville will play their rival Orlando Predators, three times this season including one away game and two at the Shark Tank. The Sharks home schedule will kick off Saturday, April 25 against the Massachusetts Pirates following a three-game road series to start off the year. The postseason will include a playoff with the top four teams in the league, the winner of those playoff matches will advance to the 2020 National Arena League championship with the highest seeded team as the host. The full Jacksonville Sharks regular season schedule can be seen below. If you are looking for 2020 season tickets, the Sharks are offering a Holiday Special that includes Two Season Tickets, Two Sharks T-Shirts, and a Sharks Holiday Card. Call 904-621-0700 or visit jaxsharks.com to take advantage of this great offer.
2020 Jacksonville Sharks Schedule
*All times are eastern standard time. *Postseason Dates are subject to change. *All home games are listed in bold.
Day Date Opponent Time
Sat. 4/4 @West Virginia 7:00pm
Sat. 4/11 @Jersey Flight 7:00pm
Fri. 4/17 @Columbus 7:00pm
Sat. 4/25 Massachusetts 7:00pm
Sat. 5/2 West Virginia 7:00pm
Sat. 5/9 @Orlando 7:00pm
Sat. 5/16 Orlando 7:00pm
Sat. 5/30 Columbus 7:00pm
Sat. 6/6 Carolina 7:00pm
Sat. 6/20 @Carolina 7:00pm
Sat. 6/27 Jersey 7:00pm
Sat. 7/11 @Massachusetts 7:30pm
Sat. 7/25 NAL PLAYOFFS
Sat. 8/8 NAL CHAMPIONSHIP
About the Jacksonville Sharks
The Jacksonville Sharks are members of the National Arena League (NAL). The 2019 & 2017 NAL Champions and ArenaBowl XXIV Champions and play all home games at the Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Arena. Sharks Nation Memberships for the 2020 season are now available. To become a Shark Nation member or for more information please call (904) 621-0700. Follow the Sharks on Facebook at facebook.com/jaxsharks and on Twitter and Instagram @jaxsharks, as well as the Attack Dance Team at facebook.com/sharkattackdance and Chum at facebook.com/chumsharks.
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242 HIGH SCHOOLS HAVE PLAYERS SELECTED IN 2019 NFL DRAFT
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The #Weekend is HERE and Lockedin Magazine is your
October 13, 2019 LockedIN 0


It's 1866 and the gold rush is on. Left to fend for herself in the wilds of New Zealand's west coast, Lady Guinevere Stanhope is determined to do whatever it takes to rescue her ancestral home and restore her father's good name.
Forced out of his native Ireland, Quinn O'Donnell dreams of striking gold. His fiercely held prejudices make him loath to help any English person, let alone a lady as haughty and obstinate as Guinevere. But when a flash flood hits, Quinn is compelled to rescue her, and their paths become entwined in this uncharted new world.
Though a most inconvenient attraction forms between them, both remain determined to pursue their dreams, whatever the cost.
Will they realise in time that all that glitters is not gold?
2015 Koru Award from the Romance Writers of New Zealand.
Available in paperback, large print and audio CD/download from most English speaking countries and online bookstores. eBook available on all the major platforms.
Zana Bell lives in New Zealand. She describes herself as a big fan of Georgette Heyer and combines the elements of light-hearted romance with travel and adventure. Zana's first book was a young adult time travel, published in New Zealand and Australia. Her second novel was an historical, based on the life and times of Charlotte Badger, convict, pirate and New Zealand's first English woman immigrant. It was voted Single Titles 10 Best Books in 2008. She is also the author of two contemporary romances from Harlequin's Super romance line. The first won a Cataromance Reviewer's Choice award 2010. Close to the Wind was her debut novel with Choc Lit and the return to her love of writing historical novels. Her second Choc Lit novel Fool's Gold is a 2015 Finalist for the Romance Writers of New Zealand's Koru Award.
Zana Bell has crafted a historical romance with rich details of the New Zealand gold rush days. Add to that some quirky, but realistic characters who have their moments—both heartbreaking and heartwarming—and you have a story worth its weight in gold.
…Fool's Gold" is a look at historic New Zealand with a raw and wild perspective and a peek at social issues, while capturing a special quality of the human spirit brings this story to life.
The cover is beautiful, very romantic, and as it says 1866 New Zealand is no place for a lady! I was hooked on this from the first page. The characters were so well drawn. Both Quinn and Lady Guinevere are on a mission, Quinn seeking gold and Guinevere seeking an elusive photograph of a Moa. Both have had to deal with difficult pasts, Quinn forced out of Ireland and Guinevere forced to fend for herself after the death of her father.
…Zana Bell is a great storyteller, and I read this book in just a couple of sittings because I found it compelling and something rather special. A must-read.
Reviewed by the Historical Novel Society.


Ah, the joys of parenting a child with sleep issues.
Without getting into too much detail without his permission, as I mentioned before the time change hit him very hard. Yesterday he couldn't get up until noon and last night I couldn't get him to sleep until after 3:30 am. If it were my sleep schedule that went out of control, I'd set my alarm, get up super-early, be tired all day and go to be slightly early. Fixed!
For him, we may be forced to let him stay up all night one night so he can turn himself around that way.
Aside from the stress of having a fantasy writer's child refuse to read traditional fantasy  there's also the idea that he doesn't believe that I, as his homeschooling parent, have the right to assign reading to him (book-length reading, at least). This… doesn't work for me, as you might expect. If he's griping about books written for popular readers of the modern era (with fantasy elements, which he loves) how's he going to respond to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer?
Obediently, if I have anything to say about the matter. Of course, it'll help if he's well-rested and has been fed healthy food that he likes. We'll see.
Finally, I got my royalty statement for the middle part of 2010 and… well, those numbers could be better.
I've been an evangelist for your books where I can.
When is the book video coming out?
The trailer is due to come out this summer.
If your series does become more popular (I very much hope it does, it's one of only 2 that I look forward to these days), do your royalties for older books in the series remain constant? Leading hopefully to more and more leverage as you become known?
Also, any idea how well The Dresden Files (my other favorite, naturally) started out? Obviously it's providing a prosperous living now, but some of that is new readers buying the series, not just the most recent book. Maybe.
Steve, my contract specifies a set royalty rate for the first X number of sales and a higher rate after that. I don't have the numbers handy right now, but it's pretty standard to arrange it that way.
I don't know how Jim Butcher's books did at first. I assume pretty well, since they grew in popularity pretty constantly.


Brock University processed all student refunds, expense reimbursements, supplier invoices and ad hoc payments in house by printing cheques on a daily basis. Processing payments was subject to significant operational risks and was labour intensive. Outsourcing payments to Scotiabank allowed Brock to eliminate dependance on a single check printer and access to the office to ensure … Continue reading "Outsourcing to Create a Streamlined Payment Process"
Prior to embarking on this project, the student body was surveyed via the web; over 400 responses and comments were received. Early in the project, major stakeholders were invited to meet with Student Accounts where the project was described, the communication plan was reviewed and a demonstration of the system was given. Furthermore, the Students' … Continue reading "E-Billing and E-Payment of Student Accounts"
ResNet was a big project that involved a number of people from several different departments. There was a project team from the department of Computing and Communications (C & C) that worked on planning the network, network design, programming the online Device Authorization Tool, and overseeing the whole project from beginning to end. The C … Continue reading "Residence Wireless Network (ResNet)"
Once the need was identified discussions took place between Financial & Registration Services and the IT Services department to determine what the system requirements would be and what business rules would need to be applied. A member of the faculty of the Mathematics/Computer Science department was involved to write the software. In order that the … Continue reading "On-Line Cash System"
The implementation projects included system managers from central ITS and departments or colleges across campus, help desk staff, college based IT staff, and administrative application personnel. Colleges and departments using SSAM include: Commerce, Medicine, Pharmacy & Nutrition, Nursing, Dentistry, Arts & Science, Computer Science, Education, Kinesiology, Engineering, the Financial Services Division, Student and Enrolment Services, … Continue reading "Saint Mary's University Student Recruitment Program"