President Obama released his plan for comprehensive immigration reform. As expected, it contains many of the same elements as the bipartisan Senate blueprint released yesterday and summarized in the posting Immigration and Education in the Spotlight.
Create a new visa category for employees of federal national security science and technology laboratories. The proposal creates a new visa category for a limited number of highly-skilled and specialized immigrants to work in federal science and technology laboratories on critical national security needs after being in the United States for two years and passing rigorous national security and criminal background checks.
It is time to act to fix the broken immigration system in a way that requires responsibility from everyone -both from the workers here illegally and those who hire them-and guarantees that everyone is playing by the same rules.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged diploma, engineering, entrepreneur, federal government programs, federal policy, foreign, government, immigration, Master's degree, math, obama, PdH, research, scientist, STEM, visa. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
Plymouth Argyle land Carl McHugh
Plymouth Argyle have signed Irish defender Carl McHugh on a free transfer from Bradford City.
The 21-year-old, who can play at centre-half or left-back, has agreed a two-year deal.
He made a total of 44 appearances for the Bantams, including the 2013 Capital One Cup Cup final, and was also part of their successful 2012/13 promotion campaign.
McHugh joins Reuben Reid, Lee Cox and Deane Smalley in signing for the Pilgrims this summer.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


SOLANA BEACH, CALIF. – Earnest Eats is debuting granola bars and hot cereals, each made with a blend of whole oats, amaranth and quinoa.
In dark chocolate almond, trail mix and flax varieties, Earnest Eats Chewy Granola Bars include nuts, seeds and fruits and contain 150 calories or fewer.
Earnest Eats Hot & Fit Cereal is available in multi-serve canisters and single-serve cups with three varieties: an Asian blend containing almonds, dried mango and matcha green tea; a Mayan blend with cocoa, pumpkin seeds, cashews and pepitas; and an American blend with cranberries, almonds, flax seeds and pepitas. Each single-serve cup contains 290 calories or fewer with 8 to 9 grams of protein and 6 to 7 grams of fat.
The new products are available in select natural food stores and supermarkets nationwide.


text:
Q: Unable to inspect picker elements of react-native-picker v1.7.2 component in Appium inspector for both Android and IOS I work on test automation . I am trying to select an expiry date in the date picker component . App is implemented using react native. Developer has used date picker component available in https://github.com/xgfe/react-native-datepicker . But I am unable to see the android tags corresponding to the date picker in Appium inspector and UIAutomatorViewer. The app source looks like below
inspector app source
After the last android.view.ViewGroup tag , nothing is displayed for date picker in inspector.
As a workaround , we asked the developer to set ids for 'Cancel' and 'Confirm' buttons . So that atleast we can select first date and proceed . But the developer informed that the date picker is coming from reactive-native-picker library(1.7.2 version) . So they are unable to set any ids inside for the 'Cancel' and 'Confirm' buttons.
Please find the xml source which copied from inspector . There is no mention of the date picker element
xml source
Any help is appreciated . Thanks in advance.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Did you know it was Ronald Reagan who suggested amnesty in the 1986 Simpson-Mazzoli immigration compromise?
Ronald Reagan was one of our greatest presidents, but even he was not perfect.
His agreement with the 1986-Simpson Mazzoli Bill, known as the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, has often been portrayed as an instance in which The Gipper was bamboozled by Democrats, who got amnesty for 3 million people (whom they saw as future Democrat voters) in return for restrictions on hiring illegals by employers. The act did nothing to stem the tide of illegal immigration, and perhaps may have accelerated it.
So why did Reagan sign it?
When Dutch came into office, he was concerned about Jimmy Carter's ongoing problems with Cubans from the Mariel Boatlift and with an influx of Haitians. The Cubans, mostly criminals form Fidel Castro's jails, were being held at Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, where Governor Frank White, who had just switched from Democrat to Republican, lobbied his administration to relieve him of the Cubans.
From 1981 on, Reagan's team began working on an immigration bill Congress could pass, including penalties on employers for hiring known illegal aliens. When in 1986 the final bill, known as Simpson-Mazzoli for its authors, Republican Alan Simpson and Democrat Romano Mazzoli, was presented to Reagan, he signed it.
Surprisingly, the news media was outraged that the bill would not crack down harder on illegals. "Card tricks," the Washington Post called it. "A haven for illegal aliens," is how the Chicago Tribune described the bill. In other words, the press then was 180 degrees from where they are today.


What do I hope for in 2019?
This year for the first time in many, I spent the Christmas holiday with children. Three children aged 9, 11 and 13. We played games, we told jokes, we laughed. This Christmas has been the happiest I can remember for a very long time.
I left headship in December 2016 and have spent the last two years throwing all my energy into working with teachers up and down the land to raise the status of our profession. I have without doubt been busy. However, what I learnt over this Christmas break was that everything that really makes my heart sing about education and indeed about life ……… is children. I love children. I love their humour, their vulnerability, their desire to learn. Anyone who has heard me speak about education whether about 'Learning without Limits' or the Chartered College of Teaching will know that every presentation resonates with stories about children. For me, teaching is a privilege and I am proud to call myself a teacher. We can worry about research evidence, pedagogical style, ideology, but at the heart of the best teaching is a generous commitment and belief in the children we work with.
1. Let's help teachers to be celebrated simply for loving the company of children and young people.
2. Let's gather together as a profession to help each other in the spirit of collegiality.
3. Let's unashamedly do more of what makes our hearts sing.
A career in education is one spent working tirelessly in pursuit of others' achievements. If we are too tired to lift our heads and celebrate what makes us happy, ultimately we are all poorer. Let us make 2019 the year when we take stock of the time we spend with children and ensure that joy is always within reach.
Previous Why aren't more women leaders in schools using technology to make their roles and the roles of their staff easier?


I don't know, "river god" (even with a small "g") seems a bit pretentious to me. This isn't to say that the customer doesn't have questions, etc. that need a friendly response. I just found the whole "ask a river god" marketing really sort of egotistical.
In terms of the moniker "river god"—it's a joke. If I truly believed that goobah, I'd be really worried about my already questionable sanity.
I have found our tribe to be, as I noted in a recent story; "A bunch of talented misfits." The guides who love adoration are soon disabused of that notion after they meet the countless former river clients who can remember every detail of their rafting trip, but can't seem to recall the guide's names. But I have never met someone without ego. River guides always seem to have a little to spare (yes, even the quiet ones). To do what we do, to hold other's lives in our feeble hands whilst guiding fragile crafts and souls through maelstroms that might cause a rather terrifying and difficult swim, maybe even on rare occasion injury or worse, requires a certain sense of self-assurance.
Quiet or gregarious, whether you muscle or finesse the moves, outlaw or angel, I've met a lot of river rats over the years, and they all have rather strong egos, including the ones that most hotly dispute it. This is not a bad thing. In fact, I think it's perfect and right to embrace being the scorpion rather than try and squash it. It's a part of whatever that unique thing is that allows us to make consequential choices on the fly and go with them with confidence. Often wrong, never in doubt. Like the Samurai warrior; a Zen-like focus comes to the lucky ones without calling, after which we stumble on back to our everyday confusion. Am I worthy? Let the true River Gods, the spirit-ones living within the spray and sand and hot air, be the judge of that.
But really, it's a joke. Poking fun at serious subjects is a trait I developed during my youth, when faced with cancer, and then a little deal called French Polio (both a tad scarier than, say, flipping in Lava). Being a punmiester, being willing to "take the Mickey" out of myself, is sort of why they considered me for this little gig in the first place. I don't know many guides who have been at it for decades who haven't heard a smirking client put that "river god" play on words to use…usually right after we've just tripped over the bow line for the millionth time, or rowed Lava Falls and flipped. Just after we've burned the brownies (again), or maybe caught that must-make micro-eddy above the Class VI waterfall. I don't take it seriously. Most of my colleagues, novice and old-timer alike, don't take it seriously. The few who do, I've noted, are amongst the biggest of the big, saltiest of the salt, largest of the large.
Well, you get the message.
It's a joke. It happens that on occasion someone wants to punch me for a joke they don't appreciate. When we meet at some riverside beach, I'll allow you a freebie, right in the kisser. Then let's move on downstream together towards the tongue of the next serenely scary rapid, covering each other's butts and giggling like mad at the upstream wind.


text:
Il doppio del torneo di tennis Penza Cup 2006, facente parte dell'ATP Challenger Series, ha avuto come vincitori Murad Inoyatov e Denis Istomin che hanno battuto in finale Denis Macukevič e Artem Sitak 6-1, 6-3.

Teste di serie

 Ivan Cerović /  Marco Crugnola (primo turno)
 Murad Inoyatov /  Denis Istomin (Campioni)

 Viktor Bruthans /  Fabio Colangelo (primo turno)
 Dennis van Scheppingen /  Uros Vico (semifinali)

Tabellone

Collegamenti esterni

Penza Cup 2006

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The signs are surely useful for Ash's first collection since 2015's Kablammo! They're back on Infectious Records, the mark that discharged the Downpatrick trio's breaking debut all of 22 years prior and they've additionally rejoined with their old supervisor.
In particular of all, there's even a Star Wars reference on the collection cover in the state of a (high contrast and topsy turvy) picture of Skellig Michael. Joyfully, the music is additionally reverse discharges on an indistinguishable pop punk barrels from their prior, more quick work. Indeed, even at an incredibly young 41, lyricist and front man and guitarist Tim Wheeler still knows how to dash off ageless adolescent songs of praise lauding legendary summers of yore, lovelorn ditties (I Don't Need Your Love is a diamond), and sparkling, mid-paced minor glories like Somersault.
Late single Annabel is a work of art, short, sharp burst of song and bummer in the late spring go nuts Buzzkill (highlighting Damien O'Neill and Mickey Bradley of The Undertones) cheers in perhaps the most f*** bombs since Johnny Rotten growled his way through Bodies. It's a Trap (another Star Wars reference) is a moderate form teary that shows off Wheeler's songwriting suss ("a cutting edge of moonlight in a give in") while Did Your Love Burn Out? what's more, Silver Suit are splendid models of controlled guitar song and assault that would hearten the core of Scott Gorham.
Another fine collection that sounds like The Beach Boys and The Ramones sticking with The Undertones down among the hills, Islands is a fizzy sugar bomb of awesome tunes prepared for a perpetual summer.
On their latest visit to Ireland in 2016, Boston-based act Lake Street Dive sold out gigs in Cork and Dublin, showed up on the Late Show, and progressed toward becoming mates with Hozier. They're probably going to make more companions with this mixture of a moment collection on which they concoct a gumbo of gospel, soul and fly on melodies that burst with freshness and thoughts.
They likewise take in Broadway demonstrate tunes and blues and they're as loco as feck when they wanna be. Having drafted in their visiting keyboardist Akie Bermiss to partake in the chronicle sessions, the sheer musicality is additionally extended; Berniss' lively keys truly sparkle on collection emerge Hang On. Fella shakes out as it plays around with relationship prosaisms and closures in a peak of metal and agitating guitar.


text:
Mac Geek Gab
Apple Context Machine
Why switch to using a mobile bingo app?
Bingo is a popular entertainment game in the UK with many people having played the game before or if not possibly will in their lifetime. Before making its way to the UK, the game had travelled across Europe where it started it journey in Italy as a game called Lo Giuoco del Lotto D'Italia, also known as 'The Italian Lotto'. It then made its way to France where the concept of bingo cards was formed. It was only when the game travelled to UK where the Brits made bingo somewhat their own.
Along came the internet in the 21st century. Things started happening. Gambling was already a popular industry in the UK but the world of online was about to contribute to the boom of the gambling sector. Online casinos started to operate. Online bingo operators had also begun to provide their services, albeit in the mid-noughties only a few had really caught on that online bingo boasted serious potential. Other operators realized that these sites were experiencing the same levels of success as the casinos and started pouring money into operating bingo online themselves. The internet made the magic of technology clear.
Playing bingo on computer and mobile devices
Being able to play online has meant being able to play on your computer, rather than head out to the bingo halls themselves — and why not? It's certainly comfortable, but not everyone wants to sit behind a desk, clicking away on a mouse button.
Many people are appreciating the ability to play on the move and mobile gaming is becoming increasingly popular. The news website Reuters itself, reporting figures from a report by a senior analyst at the esports analytics business Newzoo, informed readers that out of the 2.7 billion gamers they project to play games in 2020, 2.6 billion will play on mobile devices. According to the report, out of the predicted $159.3 billion the global gaming market will generate, $77.2 billion in revenue will come from mobile gaming. This is an increase of 13.3% from 2019.
In terms of the popularity of online bingo, young(er) people seem to have driven the growth of online bingo. For instance, in the UK, YouGov Profiles data has shown that young people between 25 and 34 years old are the most likely to be found playing the game online. Stats also show that it is this demographic that are also driving the popularity for mobile gaming and are likely to prefer to play games such as bingo from their mobile.
Online bingo is now targeting a younger demographic with more 25-34 year old's now playing this game since the transition online.
Enjoying the benefits of online bingo
With the increase in popularity of mobile gaming and younger people accessing more bingo games online, bingo online operators took it upon themselves to begin to create gaming apps. Wink Bingo is an example of an operator that created a mobile bingo app for their players to be able to access bingo games on the go. More players are now signing up for mobile bingo apps for the many benefits that playing via a mobile and app can bring:
The general convenience of playing on an app has got to be the biggest plus. The app makes the game more accessible. You don't have to start up a computer or carry one around with you and you can play on a lighter, portable device. Not only that, but you can also play whenever suits you, rather than have to wait for the bingo hall to open or finish playing because the bingo hall is closing.
Playing on an online bingo app freshens up a game that has been around for ages and which, from time to time, has need some new life breathing into it. Don't fancy playing a standard game of bingo? On an app you don't have to. Online bingo offers different variations of the game, keeping boredom at bay.
You can also play for different jackpots. These include the progressive jackpot, which increases and rolls over to the next game if no one wins it; the community jackpot, of which you can win a share even if you lose; and the escalator jackpot, which becomes easier to win as the game progresses, but which also gets smaller and is best to win early in the game.
Online bingo operators offer various games all with different jackpots.
Perks and rewards
Online bingo apps spoil you with rewards and perks that you wouldn't necessarily get if you were to play in a brick-and-mortar bingo hall. Free trials, so you can decide whether the game and the app are right for you; sign-up bonuses, in which the operator deposits some credit in your account when you join to play (you may also have to deposit some money to receive this though); no deposit bonuses, which you get for signing-up to play; these are just some of the perks.
Then there are the loyalty schemes. Operators, naturally, want to attract and retain customers. One way is with a loyalty scheme, in which the player earns points for their spend that they can then exchange for rewards. The more points they accumulate, the further they move up the different levels of the scheme and the juicier the rewards are. Potential perks include free bingo, cashback, birthday gifts, exclusive promotions and private bingo rooms. If the site also runs online slots, you may receive bonuses for these, too.
Engagement and community
Online bingo operators haven't forgotten that part of the fun of bingo is the social aspect. That's why they'll offer chat rooms so that players can communicate with each other and socialize online. In fact, if a player gets on well with someone in a chatroom, they can even play against each other in a chatroom game.
The original players of bingo way back in the 16th century could never have predicted that several centuries later, the game would become so popular that people would even play it as they travelled from A to B. Who knows — maybe some players themselves aren't aware of just how old the game is as they happily tap away on their devices. The one thing all players understand, however, is what an enjoyable pursuit playing bingo is. Brilliant!
TMO Deals
Apple Death Knells


Years ago in June 2007 when I realized that the focus of the 9/11 Truth Movement was turning more towards the alleged "Controlled Demolition" of the towers and WTC7, I wrote an article entitled, "This Is Not The Controlled Demolition Movement."
In the article, it says "is that what we're known for? Is that what we're all about? I THINK NOT. However, with all of the attention Controlled Demolition gets within this movement, I can understand why someone might think that. Not the media. Lord knows they've helped to create that appearance with their hit pieces THAT FOCUS SOLELY ON WHETHER OR NOT A MISSILE HIT THE PENTAGON, AND WHETHER OR NOT THE WTC WAS BROUGHT DOWN IN A CONTROLLED DEMOLITION (emphasis mine). It's easier for the media to deal with us if we're only about one or two issues."
1917: J.P. Morgan bought US corporate media to be 1%'s lying sacks of spin?
MIckey Huff, Director of Project Censored, has a Q & A session after his talk at Moe's Books in Berkeley, CA on May 19, 2011. Mickey discusses 9/11 censorship in the alternative and corporate media, election fraud, Project Censored's organizational mission and their 2011 book.
If Iran had attacked the Gaza aid ships instead of Israel, can you imagine US corporate media spin?
In violation of international law, Israel boarded and fired upon civilians in international waters attempting to deliver medical supplies and life-necessary materials to Gaza.


Except for essays and examine paperwork, all college students arrive at out to us for better their word authored documents. We understand why. Gaining alongside a person yet another the things you have stumbled on in extra of the duration of the training course, making ready greater than all your good quality knowledge, and working out everything you should certainly suspect of is greater than the usual small bit of complicated. Thankfully, our freelance writers are most suitable right here for aiding. Considering of eager through which the family home laptop computer challenge facilitate Melbourne will rip-off of your money by furnishing you with a plagiarized doc that's made to tumble your grades by having a ideal amounts? If that is what you could be imagining then be for free because they establishments will not will offer you copied and plagiarized documents.
In no way pause and subscribe a merchant account on our website. Fill all key detail, get the type of give high-quality results and region of fascination. Really don't disregard to attribute a deadline to make sure that freelance writers will be able to see the amount of time in addition they have for outstanding essay formulating investigate. Then fork out bucks for an purchase and prepare being able to assist remarks on your piece of content author. Consist of all teacher?s conditions along with that.
desire acquire a glance at that may be a model of an objective analysis of university pupils have. Our masters may very well support you to towards your admission follow. Your school admission likelihood will certainly bolster assuming you've a very abnormal, vast-excellence, deeply observed and fantastically engineered bit of purely producing.
That is certainly without doubt really an attractive website. The attractive female on the banner advertisement self-assured taken my recognition. No matter, the navigation through the weblog pages just isn't stressful and anticipated information about the help is translucent, so I nestled the buy without the will want of setbacks. Modify Time – As the various university or university earning jobs are time confident and also the learners would hope to supply you with their essays in just just offered extend of your time, it could be suggested that amazing essay penning plan delivers the essay on specific time, for this school enrollees to produce precisely the same in issued faculty deadline.
We offer one of the most worthwhile essays whereas around the quickest time prospective, but giving you wonderful premium essays in a very well timed manner is just not ultimately the main supplying rationale for our team. Our small business offers a couple other strengths to our potential customers which is able to make us among their favorite possibilities. On this web page are some with the benefits that includes you love if you pick our highest essay arising with specialist products and services.
It might be mainly the thesis, that the Ph.D. faculty students decide writers. Since the thesis is, type of, esteemed towards the young people, they trust in the formulating aptitude with the field pros instead of just hoping by themselves. The thesis by Ph.D. men and women is offered for human beings on this earth to observe, and ending up getting a typo or finishing up plagiarism can be the past product outlined the students might want to have.


text:
Q: if cache miss happens, the data will be moved to register directly or first moved to cache then to register? if cache miss happens, the data will be moved to register directly from main memory,  or the data firstly will be moved to cache then to register? Is there a direct way connect the register with main memory?

A: I think you're asking if a cache-miss load has to wait for L1 load-use latency after the cache line arrives from outer cache.  i.e. wait for the line to be written to L1, then retry the load normally.
I'm almost certain that high-performance CPUs don't work that way.  L2-hit latency is important for many workloads, and you need a load buffer tracking that incoming cache line anyway to know when to restart the load.  So you just grab the data as it comes in, in parallel with writing it to the cache.  The TLB check was already done as part of generating a physical address to send to the outer cache.
Most real CPUs use an early-restart design that lets the pipeline restart as soon as the word / byte they were waiting for arrives, so the rest of the cache line transfers "in the background".
A further optimization is critical-word-first, which asks for the cache line to be sent starting with the needed word, so a demand miss for a word in the middle of a cache line can receive that word first.  I think modern DDR DRAM still supports this when reading from main memory, starting the 64-byte burst at a specified 64-bit chunk.  I'm not 100% sure modern out-of-order CPUs use this, though; when out-of-order execution allows multiple outstanding misses for the same line, it probably makes it more complicated.
See which is optimal a bigger block cache size or a smaller one? for some discussion of early-restart and critical-word-first.

Is there a direct way connect the register with main memory?

It depends what you mean by "direct".  In a modern high-performance CPU, there will be 2 or 3 layers of cache and a memory controller with its own buffering to arbitrate access to memory for multiple cores.  So no, you can't.
If you design a simple single-core CPU with special cache-bypassing load and store instructions, then sure.  Or if you consider early-restart as "direct", then yes it already happens.
For stores, x86 and some other architectures have cache-bypassing stores, but x86's MOVNT instructions don't directly connect registers with memory.  Stores go into a line-fill buffer which is flushed when full, so you get write-combining.
There's also uncacheable memory regions: a load or store to uncacheable memory is architecturally "direct", but in the actually microarchitecture it still goes through the memory hierarchy from the load/store execution unit through the same mechanism that L1D uses to talk to the memory controller.


You've lost interest in hobbies.
Happiness seems to escape you.
If any of these sound familiar, you're likely suffering from depression—and that can affect you. Badly.
Here are just a few of the ways the dreaded "D" word can transform your outlook on life, leaving you a shell of your former self.
The dentist, your manicurist, and even your hairdresser are a thing of the past for the depressed. But even simple things like making your hair, or caring for your appearance and hygiene don't happen because they seem like huge chores you no longer have sufficient energy for, or can accomplish with ease.
You used to be a beast with to-do lists, zapping items off at record-breaking speed. But all of a sudden, you don't know where your to-do list is, let alone what's on it. You simply lack the motivation to do anything, because nothing seems worthwhile. If this disregard carries into your work responsibilities, it's likely your declining performance will catch the eye of your colleagues or manager.
One of the most painful things about depression is that it transforms relationships…for the worse. You might find yourself swinging between extremes of irritability or anger with the drop of a hat. Maintaining relationships with even your most favorite people may become increasingly difficult and require a lot more energy than you feel you have. Soon, you might find yourself distancing yourself…from everyone, because it's easier than facing them.
Depression is a serious illness that can have long-term, devastating repercussions if it remains untreated. Seek counseling, try exercising or consider self-help practices. If your depression worsens, see a doctor. When it comes to depression, ignorance is definitely not bliss.


text:
Study finds online bullying creates off-line fear at school
by Sam Houston State University
Ryan Randa, Assistant Professor, Sam Houston State University, College of Criminal Justice. Credit: Harriet McHale
Cyberbullying creates fear among students about being victimized at school, a recent study by Sam Houston State University found.
While traditional bullying still creates the most fear among students, cyberbullying is a significant factor for fear of victimization at school among students who have experienced bullying or disorder At school, such as the presence of gangs. The fear from cyberbullying is most prominent in minority populations.
"It cannot be overstated – online victimization has offline consequences, and those consequences may have a number of negative effects for students, including fear of victimization," said Ryan Randa, Assistant Professor at Sam Houston State University, College of Criminal Justice.
Cybercrime is any behavior performed through digital or electronic media by individuals or groups that repeatedly communicate hostile or aggressive messages intended to inflict harm or discomfort on others. Studies have shown that bullying and cyberbullying may lead to such consequences for victims as decreased academic performance, diminished perceptions of safety, depression, anxiety, reduced self-esteem, self-harm, emotional distress and suicidal ideation.
The study was based on a survey of more than 3,500 students from ages 12-18 from across the nation. The students were asked questions about bullying and cyberbullying, including whether hurtful information about them were posted on the internet or if they had been insulted or threated by email, instant messaging, text messaging or online gaming programs. The students were also asked if they had been excluded from online friends or buddy lists.
About 7 percent of the students in the survey said they had experienced cyberbullying, while 29 percent said they were the victims of traditional bullying.
Cyberbullying affects rich and poor alike
More information: The study was published in the Security Journal at www.palgrave-journals.com/sj/j … al/v26/n4/index.html
Provided by Sam Houston State University
Citation: Study finds online bullying creates off-line fear at school (2014, July 1) retrieved 18 January 2021 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2014-07-online-bullying-off-line-school.html
Cyberbullying may call for new prevention tactics
Online or off, bullying proves harmful
Cyberbullying and bullying are not the same: research
Cyberbullying less frequent than traditional bullying, according to international studies
Cyberbullying rampant among high school students
Scientists shed light on how and why some people report 'hearing the dead'
Sexual harassment claims considered more credible if made by 'prototypical' women


When my editor at American Girl asked if I'd like to write a mystery about Josefina, I was delighted! This project combined several of the things that I love to learn about: history, people with different cultural backgrounds, and an intriguing and beautiful landscape.
I started by reading all of the existing Josefina books. It was essential that I be respectful of the wonderful writing done by Valerie Tripp, who created Josefina.
Then I began reading about New Mexico history. But before going too far into my research, I needed to travel to New Mexico and experience Josefina's terrain myself.
My first stop was El Rancho de las Golondrinas, a wonderful living history museum near Santa Fe, Mexico.
I knew that a visit to El Rancho de las Golondrinas would give me a great glimpse of what Josefina's rancho would have looked like.
The historic rancho dates from the early 1700s, and was an important stopping point along the famous Camino Real, the Royal Road from Mexico City to Santa Fe.
These are the kind of carts traders used. The wooden wheels made so much noise that they could be heard for miles!
The house was built around an inner courtyard. These domed bake ovens are called hornos.
I found the strings of hot peppers called ristras so beautiful and interesting that I wrote them into a scene.
A guide demonstrated how an old loom worked. (This style of loom is different than the Navajo loom Teresita uses in the Josefina books.) The weaver works standing up.
Aren't these colors beautiful? They were created with natural dyes.
Next, I went exploring. The New Mexico landscape is very different from what I know at home in Wisconsin! I took several hikes, imagining Josefina traveling with her aunt to look for medicinal plants.
I was so impressed with some of the rock formations I saw that I decided to use one as a clue in the story. This photograph was taken late in the day, and doesn't do justice to the beauty.
I visited several very old churches so I could study the architecture and construction styles.
How does this adobe compare to the materials used to construct old buildings in your area? What resources were available?
If you've read Secrets in the Hills, you already know that a gravestone in the churchyard plays a role in the mystery.
While in New Mexico I also visited several traditional museums. The old postcard below shows the Palace of the Governors in Santa Fe, which is now full of exhibits about the region's history and culture.
The hand-made malacate (spindle for spinning wool) described in Secrets in the Hills is just like an old one on display in Santa Fe.
I found more inspiration in New Mexico than I could fit into one book. Why not try writing an historical story set in your community? Visit an historic site or museum and see what sparks your imagination!
This entry was posted on July 28, 2013 at 10:30 am and is filed under El Rancho De Las Golondrinas, Palace of the Governors, Secrets in the Hills.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
I've traveled extensively in New Mexico but missed El Rancho de las Golondrinas..it's now on my list to see on another trip!
I think the Josefina stories will interest my granddaughter before long since NM is part of her heritage!
I continue to be very impressed with your generosity in your "25 in 25" giveaway.
Arletta, I suspect you'd enjoy a visit to the Rancho very much. It's actually quite a large site – I only shared a bit. I hope to return again some time.
Dan and I would love to add this to our library and would share it with our granddaughter when she is older.
Thanks, Ruth! The characters and settings become real in my mind, so I hope that comes through to readers as well.
Kathleen, I'm really curious about what the American Girl series is all about. I'd still like to blog with you about related products like the dolls.
Dani, I'd be happy to do that. My schedule is truly crazy for about another month, but let's plan to connect some time after that.
Awesome, Kathleen! Your work speaks for itself — very cool! I love YA literature — this looks like one my granddaughter would love!
Hi Gail! I know we share a love of YA lit, and I'm happy to add your name to the hat.
My granddaughters would love to own this book. My daughter and I visited the Palace of the Govenors on a trip we took when she turned 18. The place is truely inspiring! Please enter my granddaughters Natalie & Gloria.
Natalie and Gloria are entered!
Please enter me. I'm actually in the middle of reading this one. I started reading it when my daughter brought it home from the library a few weeks ago, but somehow never finished. Thank goodness this post is relatively spoiler-free. I need to put aside my "adult" reading and find out about the treasure!


text:
Montreal's subway system – The Metro – has 59 designated spots for musicians to perform for the public. A harmonica player known as Bad News Brown acts as an impromptu host in the documentary bringing the viewers snippets of the lives of musicians in Montreal's subway system that gives around 60 spots on a first-come-first-serve basis, provided the musician-busker registers his name early enough as soon as the Metro opens to the public and returns during his assigned time to perform for an hour or two, amidst indifference from most passersby or, at times, a token word of encouragement.This documentary is about the beauty and hardship of playing music for commuter traffic.
Directed by: Mila Aung-Thwin


Back in '94 I had the awesome opportunity to travel with a company called African Trails, down across & down Africa covering 22 countries one of which was Zaire now known as The Congo. It was the rainy season when we got to The Congo and the jungles were wet, green, overgrown & muddy. The roads were not tarred they were mud in most cases and from our first border crossing into the Congo, to our first town – we had 56 bridges to cross and a distance of about 400kms to travel. These bridges were made of logs of trees that in many cases were rotting away. Not good when your 20 ton Leyland truck with all your worldly possessions were in them, had to cross safely – each time. There was seldom room for a 2nd chance.
One fine day, traveling with another truck full of adventurers namely The Hobos, we came to a puddle – the biggest puddle on a road I'd ever seen. There was no work to be done to this puddle, as normally we would re-route a river that crossed a road or build a bridge or dig the mud out until we were able to safely maneuver through the obstacle. Today was a different day as we had only 1 choice and that was to drive straight through the puddle. We did need to know how deep the "puddle" was – so I volunteered to walk it.
Amazing what you'll do when encouraged by your team, as my walk became a swim. I think I might be one of the very few people in the world to have ever had a swim in a puddle.
Have you ever done something out of the ordinary – ever volunteered to do something others won't? If you have you know the satisfaction & the growth (yes growth) you get from doing something extraordinary. It's one of those amazing gifts you are given you must take and run with because few will. Find the courage inside – we all have courage. You must trust yourself and especially your intuition that this opportunity is for you. And having that experience in your personal tool bag enables you to apply it to anything challenging further down your path. "Yes, I can" becomes your mantra – what a powerful mantra to keep reinforcing your subconscious.
Step out of your comfort zone just once, twice, three times until you have no idea what your comfort zone ever was. Take that leap of faith or just swim in a puddle and your life will never be the same again. Here's the video of my swim.


A VOB (DVD Video Object) file is a file container format that DVDs use. A VOB file contains the actual movie from a DVD and its audio and streaming data that allows a user to scroll through the video. VOB files are essential to DVDs and can be taken from a disk in order to place a copy of a movie on a user's computer. In order to do this, the user should simply open a DVD in Windows Explorer rather than play it through a media player. The VOB file will be located in the "Video_TS" folder.
What does a VOB File do?
A VOB file allows a DVD to store and access all of the data necessary to play a movie on a DVD player. VOB files allow a DVD player to locate the video file, audio files, and streaming data required to play a movie and provide the user with the same control he/she would have in a movie that is played on a computer. Because DVDs use VOB files, any device that can access a DVD supports them, including DVD players, PlayStations, and Xbox 360s.
A VOB file can be opened on a computer by playing it with most modern media players. For example, VLC Media Player and Windows Media Player 12 or higher play VOB files, even though they may claim that the file is not supported. If the user experiences problems playing a VOB file, a VOB player may be necessary. For example, Final Media Player supports FLV, MP4, 3GP, VOB, WMV, and other "rare" formats.
Existing VOB files from DVDs may be modified in order to create a new VOB file using a software known as VobEdit. VobEdit allows users to join, separate, and demultiplex VOB files in order to create new menu tools and insert new video/audio files into a DVD. If the user wishes to create a VOB file from scratch, he/she can do so by downloading and installing a program called VSO DivXtoDVD.
What?? Not one paragraph here actually says HOW to do anything. Yes, of course, you COULD open a file "on a computer by playing it with most modern media players." But that's the PROBLEM. That's the reason I clicked this link in the first place. HOW do I open/play a VOB file with Windows Media Player??
242 queries in 0.333 seconds.


Thank you! I will send an email to them.
does this event fill quickly?
updated, I also plan to do the Friday Test N Tune, for Those who have not done the TnT bring a suit. Suits are also avail for rent.
Hahahahaha, that's awesome! Keep all of the toys!
Very nice! So what car are you retiring from the stable?
Understand, why U for Nola though?
deng, you really are going to run TT2. Car still same as before?
I found this one today on FB. I'm window shopping now but this really has spiked my interest.


text:
Trechus nigrocruciatus é uma espécie de insetos coleópteros pertencente à família Carabidae.

A autoridade científica da espécie é Wollaston, tendo sido descrita no ano de 1854.

Trata-se de uma espécie presente no território português.

Referências

Ligações externas
 Trechus nigrocruciatus - Biodiversity Heritage Library - Bibliografia
 Trechus nigrocruciatus - NCBI Taxonomy Database
 Trechus nigrocruciatus - Global Biodiversity Information Facility
 Trechus nigrocruciatus - Encyclopedia of Life

Coleópteros de Portugal
nigrocruciatus
Coleópteros descritos em 1854


text:
package federation_internalclientset

import (
	glog "github.com/golang/glog"
	discovery "k8s.io/client-go/discovery"
	rest "k8s.io/client-go/rest"
	flowcontrol "k8s.io/client-go/util/flowcontrol"
	autoscalinginternalversion "k8s.io/kubernetes/federation/client/clientset_generated/federation_internalclientset/typed/autoscaling/internalversion"
	batchinternalversion "k8s.io/kubernetes/federation/client/clientset_generated/federation_internalclientset/typed/batch/internalversion"
	coreinternalversion "k8s.io/kubernetes/federation/client/clientset_generated/federation_internalclientset/typed/core/internalversion"
	extensionsinternalversion "k8s.io/kubernetes/federation/client/clientset_generated/federation_internalclientset/typed/extensions/internalversion"
	federationinternalversion "k8s.io/kubernetes/federation/client/clientset_generated/federation_internalclientset/typed/federation/internalversion"
)

type Interface interface {
	Discovery() discovery.DiscoveryInterface
	Core() coreinternalversion.CoreInterface
	Autoscaling() autoscalinginternalversion.AutoscalingInterface
	Batch() batchinternalversion.BatchInterface
	Extensions() extensionsinternalversion.ExtensionsInterface
	Federation() federationinternalversion.FederationInterface
}

// Clientset contains the clients for groups. Each group has exactly one
// version included in a Clientset.
type Clientset struct {
	*discovery.DiscoveryClient
	*coreinternalversion.CoreClient
	*autoscalinginternalversion.AutoscalingClient
	*batchinternalversion.BatchClient
	*extensionsinternalversion.ExtensionsClient
	*federationinternalversion.FederationClient
}

// Core retrieves the CoreClient
func (c *Clientset) Core() coreinternalversion.CoreInterface {
	if c == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return c.CoreClient
}

// Autoscaling retrieves the AutoscalingClient
func (c *Clientset) Autoscaling() autoscalinginternalversion.AutoscalingInterface {
	if c == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return c.AutoscalingClient
}

// Batch retrieves the BatchClient
func (c *Clientset) Batch() batchinternalversion.BatchInterface {
	if c == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return c.BatchClient
}

// Extensions retrieves the ExtensionsClient
func (c *Clientset) Extensions() extensionsinternalversion.ExtensionsInterface {
	if c == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return c.ExtensionsClient
}

// Federation retrieves the FederationClient
func (c *Clientset) Federation() federationinternalversion.FederationInterface {
	if c == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return c.FederationClient
}

// Discovery retrieves the DiscoveryClient
func (c *Clientset) Discovery() discovery.DiscoveryInterface {
	if c == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return c.DiscoveryClient
}

// NewForConfig creates a new Clientset for the given config.
func NewForConfig(c *rest.Config) (*Clientset, error) {
	configShallowCopy := *c
	if configShallowCopy.RateLimiter == nil && configShallowCopy.QPS > 0 {
		configShallowCopy.RateLimiter = flowcontrol.NewTokenBucketRateLimiter(configShallowCopy.QPS, configShallowCopy.Burst)
	}
	var cs Clientset
	var err error
	cs.CoreClient, err = coreinternalversion.NewForConfig(&configShallowCopy)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	cs.AutoscalingClient, err = autoscalinginternalversion.NewForConfig(&configShallowCopy)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	cs.BatchClient, err = batchinternalversion.NewForConfig(&configShallowCopy)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	cs.ExtensionsClient, err = extensionsinternalversion.NewForConfig(&configShallowCopy)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	cs.FederationClient, err = federationinternalversion.NewForConfig(&configShallowCopy)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	cs.DiscoveryClient, err = discovery.NewDiscoveryClientForConfig(&configShallowCopy)
	if err != nil {
		glog.Errorf("failed to create the DiscoveryClient: %v", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	return &cs, nil
}

// NewForConfigOrDie creates a new Clientset for the given config and
// panics if there is an error in the config.
func NewForConfigOrDie(c *rest.Config) *Clientset {
	var cs Clientset
	cs.CoreClient = coreinternalversion.NewForConfigOrDie(c)
	cs.AutoscalingClient = autoscalinginternalversion.NewForConfigOrDie(c)
	cs.BatchClient = batchinternalversion.NewForConfigOrDie(c)
	cs.ExtensionsClient = extensionsinternalversion.NewForConfigOrDie(c)
	cs.FederationClient = federationinternalversion.NewForConfigOrDie(c)

	cs.DiscoveryClient = discovery.NewDiscoveryClientForConfigOrDie(c)
	return &cs
}

// New creates a new Clientset for the given RESTClient.
func New(c rest.Interface) *Clientset {
	var cs Clientset
	cs.CoreClient = coreinternalversion.New(c)
	cs.AutoscalingClient = autoscalinginternalversion.New(c)
	cs.BatchClient = batchinternalversion.New(c)
	cs.ExtensionsClient = extensionsinternalversion.New(c)
	cs.FederationClient = federationinternalversion.New(c)

	cs.DiscoveryClient = discovery.NewDiscoveryClient(c)
	return &cs
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Montesquieu-Avantès est une commune française située dans le nord-ouest du département de l'Ariège, en région Occitanie. Sur le plan historique et culturel, la commune fait partie du Couserans, pays aux racines gasconnes structuré par le cours du Salat.

Exposée à un climat océanique altéré, elle est drainée par le Volp, le ruisseau de Bize et par divers autres petits cours d'eau. Incluse dans le parc naturel régional des Pyrénées ariégeoises, la commune possède un patrimoine naturel remarquable :  un espace protégé (les « ruisseaux à écrevisses : l'Artix, le Moulicot et le Volp ») et quatre zones naturelles d'intérêt écologique, faunistique et floristique.

Montesquieu-Avantès est une commune rurale qui compte  en , après avoir connu un pic de population de  en 1851. Elle fait partie de l'aire d'attraction de Saint-Girons. Ses habitants sont appelés les Montesquivais ou Montesquivaises.

Géographie

Localisation

La commune de Montesquieu-Avantès se trouve dans le département de l'Ariège, en région Occitanie.

Elle se situe à  à vol d'oiseau de Foix, préfecture du département, à  de Saint-Girons, sous-préfecture, et à  de Saint-Lizier, bureau centralisateur du canton des Portes du Couserans dont dépend la commune depuis 2015 pour les élections départementales.
La commune fait en outre partie du bassin de vie de Saint-Girons.

Les communes les plus proches sont :
Montjoie-en-Couserans (), Lescure (), Contrazy (), Montardit (), Saint-Lizier (), Lasserre (), Gajan (), Saint-Girons ().

Sur le plan historique et culturel, Montesquieu-Avantès fait partie du Couserans, pays aux racines gasconnes structuré par le cours du Salat (affluent de la Garonne), que rien ne prédisposait à rejoindre les anciennes dépendances du comté de Foix.

Montesquieu-Avantès est limitrophe de cinq autres communes.

Géologie et relief
La commune est située dans les Pyrénées, une chaîne montagneuse jeune, érigée durant l'ère tertiaire (il y a  d'années environ), en même temps que les Alpes. Les terrains affleurants sur le territoire communal sont constitués de roches sédimentaires datant du Mésozoïque, anciennement appelé Ère secondaire, qui s'étend de . La structure détaillée des couches affleurantes est décrite dans les feuilles « n°1056 - Le Mas d'Azil » et « n°1074 - Saint-Girons » de la carte géologique harmonisée au  du département de l'Ariège et leurs notices associées.

La superficie cadastrale de la commune publiée par l'Insee, qui sert de références dans toutes les statistiques, est de . La superficie géographique, issue de la BD Topo, composante du Référentiel à grande échelle produit par l'IGN, est quant à elle de . Son relief est relativement accidenté puisque la dénivelée maximale atteint . L'altitude du territoire varie entre  et .

Hydrographie

La commune est dans le bassin versant de la Garonne, au sein du bassin hydrographique Adour-Garonne. Elle est drainée par le Volp, le ruisseau de Bize, la Font, le gamas, le ruisseau de Braydes, le ruisseau de Ferrié, le ruisseau de perri, le ruisseau du Malet, le paoumoula et par divers petits cours d'eau, constituant un réseau hydrographique de  de longueur totale.

Le Volp, d'une longueur totale de , prend sa source dans la commune de Lescure et s'écoule du sud vers le nord. Il traverse la commune et se jette dans la Garonne à Cazères, après avoir traversé .

Climat

Le climat qui caractérise la commune est qualifié, en 2010, de « climat océanique altéré », selon la typologie des climats de la France qui compte alors huit grands types de climats en métropole. En 2020, la commune ressort du type « climat de montagne » dans la classification établie par Météo-France, qui ne compte désormais, en première approche, que cinq grands types de climats en métropole. Pour ce type de climat, la température décroît rapidement en fonction de l'altitude. On observe une nébulosité minimale en hiver et maximale en été. Les vents et les précipitations varient notablement selon le lieu. À l'ouest du département, le climat océanique, avec ses entrées d'air atlantique, apporte des perturbations qui arrosent les reliefs.

Les paramètres climatiques qui ont permis d'établir la typologie de 2010 comportent six variables pour les températures et huit pour les précipitations, dont les valeurs correspondent aux données mensuelles sur la normale 1971-2000. Les sept principales variables caractérisant la commune sont présentées dans l'encadré suivant.

Avec le changement climatique, ces variables ont évolué. Une étude réalisée en 2014 par la Direction générale de l'Énergie et du Climat complétée par des études régionales prévoit en effet que la  température moyenne devrait croître et la pluviométrie moyenne baisser, avec toutefois de fortes variations régionales. Ces changements peuvent être constatés sur la station météorologique de Météo-France la plus proche, « Saint-Girons », sur la commune de Lorp-Sentaraille, mise en service en 1949 et qui se trouve à  à vol d'oiseau, où la température moyenne annuelle évolue de  pour la période 1971-2000, à  pour 1981-2010, puis à  pour 1991-2020.

Milieux naturels et biodiversité

Espaces protégés
La protection réglementaire est le mode d'intervention le plus fort pour préserver des espaces naturels remarquables et leur biodiversité associée.

La commune fait partie du parc naturel régional des Pyrénées ariégeoises, créé en 2009 et d'une superficie de , qui s'étend sur  du département. Ce territoire unit les plus hauts sommets aux frontières de l'Andorre et de l'Espagne (la Pique d'Estats, le mont Valier, etc) et les plus hautes vallées des avants-monts, jusqu'aux plissements du Plantaurel.

Un  autre espace protégé est présent sur la commune :
les « ruisseaux à écrevisses : l'Artix, le Moulicot et le Volp », objet d'un arrêté de protection de biotope, d'une superficie de .

Zones naturelles d'intérêt écologique, faunistique et floristique
L'inventaire des zones naturelles d'intérêt écologique, faunistique et floristique (ZNIEFF) a pour objectif de réaliser une couverture des zones les plus intéressantes sur le plan écologique, essentiellement dans la perspective d'améliorer la connaissance du patrimoine naturel national et de fournir aux différents décideurs un outil d'aide à la prise en compte de l'environnement dans l'aménagement du territoire.
Trois ZNIEFF de  sont recensées sur la commune :
 l'« aval du ruisseau du Baup et affluents » (), couvrant  du département ;
 les « collines de l'ouest du Séronais, du Mas-d'Azil à Saint-Lizier » (), couvrant  du département,
 le « cours du Volp » (), couvrant  dont 11 dans l'Ariège et 4 dans la Haute-Garonne ;
et une ZNIEFF de  :
les « coteaux de l'est du Saint-Gironnais » (), couvrant  du département.

Urbanisme

Typologie
Montesquieu-Avantès est une commune rurale. Elle fait en effet partie des communes peu ou très peu denses, au sens de la grille communale de densité de l'Insee.

Par ailleurs la commune fait partie de l'aire d'attraction de Saint-Girons, dont elle est une commune de la couronne. Cette aire, qui regroupe , est catégorisée dans les aires de moins de .

Occupation des sols

L'occupation des sols de la commune, telle qu'elle ressort de la base de données européenne d'occupation biophysique des sols Corine Land Cover (CLC), est marquée par l'importance des territoires agricoles (69,7 % en 2018), une proportion identique à celle de 1990 (69,7 %). La répartition détaillée en 2018 est la suivante :
zones agricoles hétérogènes (56 %), forêts (30,2 %), prairies (13,2 %), terres arables (0,5 %).

L'IGN met par ailleurs à disposition un outil en ligne permettant de comparer l'évolution dans le temps de l'occupation des sols de la commune (ou de territoires à des échelles différentes). Plusieurs époques sont accessibles sous forme de cartes ou photos aériennes : la carte de Cassini (), la carte d'état-major (1820-1866) et la période actuelle (1950 à aujourd'hui).

Hameaux et lieux-dits
Bouynéous, Espala, Enlène, Bourch, Péré...

Habitat et logement
En 2018, le nombre total de logements dans la commune était de 128, alors qu'il était de 133 en 2013 et de 121 en 2008.

Parmi ces logements, 80,2 % étaient des résidences principales, 11,7 % des résidences secondaires et 8 % des logements vacants. Ces logements étaient pour 93,1 % d'entre eux des maisons individuelles et pour 5,1 % des appartements.

Le tableau ci-dessous présente la typologie des logements à Montesquieu-Avantès en 2018 en comparaison avec celle de l'Ariège et de la France entière. Une caractéristique marquante du parc de logements est ainsi une proportion de résidences secondaires et logements occasionnels (11,7 %) inférieure à celle du département (24,6 %) mais supérieure à celle de la France entière (9,7 %). Concernant le statut d'occupation de ces logements, 64,8 % des habitants de la commune sont propriétaires de leur logement (67,3 % en 2013), contre 66,3 % pour l'Ariège et 57,5 % pour la France entière.

Voies de communication et transports

Risques majeurs

Le territoire de la commune de Montesquieu-Avantès est vulnérable à différents aléas naturels : inondations, climatiques (grand froid ou canicule), feux de forêts, mouvements de terrains et séisme (sismicité modérée).

Certaines parties du territoire communal sont susceptibles d'être affectées par le risque d'inondation par crue torrentielle d'un cours d'eau.

Les mouvements de terrains susceptibles de se produire sur la commune sont soit des chutes de blocs, soit des glissements de terrains, soit des effondrements liés à des cavités souterraines, soit des mouvements liés au retrait-gonflement des argiles. Près de 50 % de la superficie du département est concernée par l'aléa retrait-gonflement des argiles, dont la commune de Montesquieu-Avantès. L'inventaire national des cavités souterraines permet par ailleurs de localiser celles situées sur la commune.

Toponymie

Histoire

Préhistoire
Montesquieu-Avantès est un haut-lieu de la préhistoire en Occitanie. Creusées par la rivière, les grottes du Volp : Enlène, les Trois-Frères et le Tuc d'Audoubert ont été occupées principalement au Magdalénien (Paléolithique supérieur). Elles renferment des œuvres d'art uniques au monde comme les célèbres bisons d'argile modelés il y a .

Prises en charge par Henri Begouën dès les premières découvertes archéologiques d'importance, puis à sa suite par ses descendants jusqu'à ce jour (Robert Begouën en est le conservateur en 2019), les grottes sont dans un état de conservation exceptionnel. Abritant des œuvres extrêmement fragiles, ces grottes ne sont pas ouvertes au public pour d'évidentes raisons de conservation.

Elles font l'objet d'études depuis 1976 ; les résultats pour le Tuc d'Audoubert ont été rassemblés en 2009 dans une monographie intitulée « Le Sanctuaire secret des Bisons ». En 2014 paraît un ouvrage intitulé « La Caverne des Trois-Frères », qui fait le point sur un siècle de recherches, à l'occasion du centenaire de sa découverte le .

Moyen-Âge
L'Avantès, qui dépendait du comte de Comminges au , était la porte d'entrée du comté à l'est. Il était séparé du comté par la vicomté du Couserans côté sud et par la seigneurie de l'évêque de Saint-Lizier côté nord. Selon P.H. Billy, cette position particulière aurait donné le nom d'Avantès : ab ante, territoire situé en avant ou au levant.

Montesquieu fut une bastide fondée en 1272 à l'initiative du comte Bernard VI de Comminges.

Politique et administration

Découpage territorial
La commune de Montesquieu-Avantès est membre de la communauté de communes Couserans-Pyrénées, un établissement public de coopération intercommunale (EPCI) à fiscalité propre créé le  dont le siège est à Saint-Lizier. Ce dernier est par ailleurs membre d'autres groupements intercommunaux.

Sur le plan administratif, elle est rattachée à l'arrondissement de Saint-Girons, au département de l'Ariège, en tant que circonscription administrative de l'État, et à la région Occitanie.

Sur le plan électoral, elle dépend du canton des Portes du Couserans pour l'élection des conseillers départementaux, depuis le redécoupage cantonal de 2014 entré en vigueur en 2015, et de la deuxième circonscription de l'Ariège  pour les élections législatives, depuis le redécoupage électoral de 1986.

Administration municipale
Le nombre d'habitants au recensement de 2011 étant compris entre 100 et 499, le nombre de membres du conseil municipal pour l'élection de 2014 est de onze.

Tendances politiques et résultats

Liste des maires

Population et société

Démographie

Enseignement
Montesquieu-Avantès fait partie de l'académie de Toulouse.

Culture et festivités

Activités sportives
Randonnée pédestre, chasse,

Écologie et recyclage
La déchetterie la plus proche se trouve à Palétès sur la commune de Saint-Girons.

Économie

Revenus
En 2018, la commune compte  fiscaux, regroupant . La médiane du revenu disponible par unité de consommation est de  ( dans le département).

Emploi

En 2018, la population âgée de  s'élève à , parmi lesquelles on compte 77 % d'actifs (59,2 % ayant un emploi et 17,8 % de chômeurs) et 23 % d'inactifs. En  2018, le taux de chômage communal (au sens du recensement) des  est supérieur à celui du département et de la France, alors qu'en 2008 la situation était inverse.

La commune fait partie de la couronne de l'aire d'attraction de Saint-Girons, du fait qu'au moins 15 % des actifs travaillent dans le pôle. Elle compte  en 2018, contre 32 en 2013 et 22 en 2008. Le nombre d'actifs ayant un emploi résidant dans la commune est de 94, soit un indicateur de concentration d'emploi de 39,8 % et un taux d'activité parmi les 15 ans ou plus de 57,2 %.

Sur ces 94 actifs de 15 ans ou plus ayant un emploi, 32 travaillent dans la commune, soit 34 % des habitants. Pour se rendre au travail, 82,3 % des habitants utilisent un véhicule personnel ou de fonction à quatre roues, 1 % les transports en commun, 6,2 % s'y rendent en deux-roues, à vélo ou à pied et 10,4 % n'ont pas besoin de transport (travail au domicile).

Activités hors agriculture
20 établissements sont implantés  à Montesquieu-Avantès au .
Le secteur de la construction est prépondérant sur la commune puisqu'il représente 30 % du nombre total d'établissements de la commune (6 sur les 20 entreprises implantées  à Montesquieu-Avantès), contre 14,2 % au niveau départemental.

Agriculture
La commune fait partie de la petite région agricole dénommée « Région sous-pyrénéenne ». En 2010, l'orientation technico-économique de l'agriculture  sur la commune est l'élevage d'ovins et de caprins.

Le nombre d'exploitations agricoles en activité et ayant leur siège dans la commune est passé de 33 lors du recensement agricole de 1988 à 20 en 2000 puis à 19 en 2010, soit une baisse de 42 % en 22 ans. Le même mouvement est observé à l'échelle du département qui a perdu pendant cette période 48 % de ses exploitations. La surface agricole utilisée sur la commune a également diminué, passant de  en 1988 à  en 2010. Parallèlement la surface agricole utilisée moyenne par exploitation a augmenté, passant de 33 à .

Patrimoine

Patrimoine environnemental

Montesquieu-Avantès est concerné par quatre zones naturelles d'intérêt écologique, faunistique et floristique (ZNIEFF) :

 La ZNIEFF continentale de type 1 du « Cours du Volp » (soit  hectares en linéaire de cours d'eau et leurs berges), commence à  en aval de la résurgence du Volp (donc de la grotte du Tuc d'Audoubert). Elle concerne 15 communes dont Montesquieu et vise principalement la protection de l'habitat de la loutre d'Europe, espèce protégée en France depuis 1981 et qui regagne lentement du territoire dans le bassin de la Garonne.

 La ZNIEFF continentale de type 1 des « Collines de l'ouest du Séronais, du Mas-d'Azil à Saint-Lizier », soit , concerne 11 communes dont Montesquieu et vise la grande diversité en faune et flore de ce piémont calcaire, avec plusieurs espèces protégées en France.

 La ZNIEFF continentale de type 1 de l'« Aval du ruisseau du Baup et affluents », soit  hectares sur environ  du cours du Baup, concerne 6 communes dont Montesquieu et vise le Desman des Pyrénées.

 La ZNIEFF continentale de type 2 des « Coteaux de l'est du St-Gironnais », soit , concerne 18 communes dont Montesquieu. Elle englobe la ZNIEFF des « Collines de l'ouest du Séronais, du Mas-d'Azil à Saint-Lizier » et vise une mosaïque de milieux diversifiées dont de nombreuses petites zones intéressantes pour la biodiversité, ainsi qu'une dizaine d'espèces de chauves-souris protégées en France et quelques autres espèces animales également protégées.

Patrimoine culturel
 Grotte des Trois-Frères (fermée aux visites pour des raisons de conservation)
 Grotte du Tuc d'Audoubert (fermée aux visites pour des raisons de conservation)
 Grotte d'Enlène (fermée aux visites pour des raisons de conservation)
 Château La Quère
 Château Carrère
 Église Saint-Étienne.

Galerie

Personnalités liées à la commune
 Henri Begouën (1863-1956), préhistorien, ancien maire

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste des communes de l'Ariège
 Liste de bastides

Liens externes

 Site officiel de la commune
 Montesquieu-Avantès sur le site de l'Institut géographique national

Notes et références

Notes et cartes
 Notes

 Cartes

Références

Site de l'Insee

Autres sources

Commune dans l'Ariège
Commune dans l'arrondissement de Saint-Girons
Aire urbaine de Saint-Girons
Couserans
Aire d'attraction de Saint-Girons


text:
CHARISMA 130
Luxury motor yacht CHARISMA offers: Each stateroom equipped with TV/DVD Satellite TV /4 receivers-Caribbean/Bahamas: salon, skylounge, master suite, starboard forward guest stateroom KING. Master on main deck. His/hers-central Jacuzzi. Walk-in-closet, vanity 3 QUEEN. Jacuzzi TWIN. Shower _______________________________________________________________________________________________ MAIN SALON. Large screen TV (new in 2008)/DVD (surround sound). Dining area forward. Wet bar with stools aft. Video, music & book libraries. Board Games. Powder room forward AFT DECK. Dining table seats 10. Pop-up large LCD TV SKYLOUNGE. Large screen TV/DVD (surround sound) X-Box & Wii consoles (new in 2008) UPPER AFT DECK. 2 built-in seating areas/each with dining table / umbrella FLYBRIDGE.Jacuzzi.Wet bar.3 x chaise lounges, casual dining/6 BOARDING & WATER ACCESS. Double staircase. Passerelle for stern boarding, side boarding. Custom sports deck / ladder
29ft / 8.83 m Stamas tender/ 2x225 hp /rigged for fishing 18 ft / 5.5 m Sea Pro/ 115 hp TOYS: 2 x 3-man waverunners, 2 x 2-man kayak, 1 x sailboat, snorkel gear, 3 x wakeboards, kneeboard, water skis, 2 x Snuba Exercise equipment: treadmill, free weights SCUBA: 6 sets - 12 tanks/compressor FISHING GEAR BOARD --new in 2007 On board the CHARISMA we carry a wide variety for fishing. First of all, when many people ask or outfit their yacht with fishing gear they mostly consider conventional tackle which is trolling reels and for offshore. When we think of a fishing charter for enthusiasts we think about the many varieties and we do have a well rounded line-up. For Offshore: Shimano TLD (Titanium Lever Drag) 2X 50lb TLDs, 4X 25lb TLDs, & 1X 15lb TLD. They are great for charter as they are high-end but, simple and durable for the charter market. They are great for all types of trolling styles as well as "bait and switch "for "shot gunning". Our rods are all "stand ups" which is better for Center consoles that do not have fighting chairs. We also have 2X Penn spinning reels that can be used for inshore fishing as well. We also have a set of Teaser reels if requested for more complex fishing styles.Inshore: We carry a variety of smaller and lighter spinning gear. Our 18' center console that we carry on deck doubles as our inshore fishing boat. We have specifically chosen a shallow draft that can bring a fisherman to the farthest corners of the shallows. There they can fish for the elusive bone fish on the flats. This 18' CC has a casting platform on the bow with great visibility and open space for casting. We also have a small quiver in ranges of "fly fishing rods & reels." Most sport-fishermen who fly fish carry their own set-ups for that. However, we do know the right flies needed and where & when to go for the catch and be successful. Under the sea: When free diving with (usually enough for the group) Hawaiian slings. We have secret spots that the locals wish they knew about for fresh Grouper and Hog Snapper (Lobster season is closed until August). Ranging in depths of 14' to 60'. In mid/late May & early June the Bahamas can be the spot for Mahi Mahi. It is known as the Dolphin run around there and if the Mahi run close and we listen for the reports we can put guests right on the fish and the action is HOT. It can be too easy at times but hard on ones back from all that action! When the Mahi move in they also attract Sailfish and White Marlin (are @ 60lbs) that are chasing the Tunas that surface just before sunset and into the early evening.
**Fall 2008: Extensive interior/exterior refit including but not limited to up-grades and improvements such as new carpet & wallpaper in guest staterooms, new upholstery of exterior cushions, new umbrellas, new linens, new duvets in guest staterooms, 2 x new watermakers, high volume ice machine, new paint job and detailing of the towed tender, new pop up 40" HD TV in main salon, new stereo/speakers in salon and main aft deck, new beach chairs /umbrellas/toys, waverunners overhauled and painted, 3 new sets of dive gear (total 6 sets aboard), new watersport boards, new X-Box and Wii game consoles (skylounge), satellite TV up-grade, rebuilt generators, etc. **Fall 2007: Extensive interior/exterior refit including new teak decks, air-conditioning, upholstery, linens, curtains, carpeting, galley refit, etc. **Spring 2006: Wireless/VSAT added (all common areas inside and out) 2005: total paint job & interior/exterior refurbishment
Detroit Diesel /Allison 16 V149DDEC/ 2446 hp ea GENERATORS: 2 x Northern Lights @ 100 kw ea @ 7 gph ea STABILIZERS: Yes FUEL CAPACITY: 7,000 gal / 26,497 ltr WATER CAPACITY: 1,000 gal / 3,785 ltr 2 x WATERMAKERS(new in 2008): 3,600 gpd total/ 13,627 lpd total ALTERNATE SPEED/CONSUMPTION: 20 knots @ 180 gph / 681 lph
Base Winter: St Thomas, USVI / Summer: Nassau Rate Winter 2008-Fall 2009: $92,000 wk + all expenses year round ___________________________________ Rate/cruising area for Winter 2009/10 and Summer 2010 is subject to change without notice


text:
title: Dear Prudence
author: Bryn Hughes
date: '2016-11-01'
categories: [personal]
tags: []
header:
  caption: ''
  image: ''
---

Today is a sad day. We are saying goodbye to our beautiful blind wonderpug, Prudence, who has been in our lives for nearly 10 years. Prudence was the rescue dog of all rescue dogs: picked up by Animal Control, sent to a kill shelter, saved by a pug rescue agency, and eventually adopted by us. We were poor, recently married grad students when we drove from Tallahassee to Fort Walton Beach to pick her up. She was blind and covered in mange. Vernon (our other pug) was skeptical of her at first, but they became fast friends when we boarded them together for a weekend shortly after adopting her. They've been inseparable ever since. Although I'm convinced this is the best thing for Prudence, I'm worried about how it will affect Vernon.

It's so tough, because Prudence represents the very beginning of our family. She's traveled all across the US and Canada (she's made at least 3-4 trips from Florida to Ontario); she's lived with us in 8 different houses (!); she's been with us for the births of our two children. We have countless fond memories of her, but I'll never forget the first time she barked, rearing back and howling at the ceiling. The sound she makes when she shakes--like a flock of pigeons taking off. The time we tried to get her to swim. The first time she cuddled up to Vernon on the couch. The way she sits at my feet when I work, snuggling up to me and periodically kissing my ankles.

I'll miss you, sweet girl.

![Prudence](/img/prudie.jpg)


Let's take a look at what happened last year with New Zealand's vehicle registrations. You can break down the stats by make and model but here we are just looking at some broad category figures for the 12 months of 2017.
There were 108,608 vehicles registered that are under 3,500 Kgs and 51,507 vehicles registered in the light commercial category, making a grand total of 160,115 (A record year) of cars, Utes, SUV's and light commercials.
Now if you look at the total number of full electric vehicles (EVs) for all of 2017 the number of registrations comes in at 546, so now what about fuel/electric hybrids, well that total for 2017 comes in at 1,717.
So, adding full electric and hybrid together it makes up less than 1.5% of New Zealand's vehicle fleet for 2017. Not a huge volume by any means so what's the plan for EV's and hybrids?
The New Zealand Government are teaming up with some investment partners to fund a mixture of projects to target getting 64,000 EVs onto New Zealand roads by 2021. So, in just 4 years this country wants to take the 2017 figure of 546 and grow in to 64,000.
The minister for energy and resources, Megan Woods said that the government would put in $3.7 million and she is expecting another $4.3 million from the other partners. The government's money will come from the Low Emission Vehicles Contestable Fund, which was introduced by the previous government in 2016. The National government introduced this fund as a plan to lift the uptake of EVs into this New Zealand.
The total number of vehicles on New Zealand's roads is estimated to be close to 4 million and at the end of 2017 the total number of EVs was 6,162 or 0.154%.
The New Zealand Transport Agency issued a pre-tender notice to gather market intelligence for nationwide EV charging infrastructure as it seeks to add more EVs to its own fleet.
There is talk of other projects that include the freight logistics company Coda, Zero Emission Vehicles and Bay Dairy, designing and manufacturing an electric truck to shuttle dairy products from the Fonterra Te Rapa dairy factory to the Fonterra Crawford Street freight hub in Hamilton. Coda is a joint venture between Port of Tauranga and Kotahi, a logistics company owned by Fonterra and Silver Fern Farms.
Megan Woods said that the electric truck will reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 71 tonnes per year and has significant demonstration potential for the heavy logistics and transport industry. And that projects like this are vital to show others in the heavy logistics and transport industry that electric trucks are not only viable but have very low running costs.
Tourism Holdings will receive $402,000 to convert an electric van into a campervan, invest in charging equipment working with holiday parks, and develop dedicated travel itineraries with charging stations at 100km intervals. They also aim to have 20 electric campervans on the road within the next 12 months.
Fisher & Paykel Healthcare will receive $72,500 of the funding to install 74 EV slow chargers and two medium speed DC chargers to encourage staff to purchase EVs and the Motor Industry.
Training Organisation will receive $95,000 to develop a qualifications framework for technicians working on EVs. Currently, there is no NZQA-registered qualification or national standard for this work.


text:
Palestinian Politics
The term Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) refers to a radical, Islamic terrorist organization affiliated with Iran that strives for the destruction of Israel and the establishment of an Islamic-Palestinian state in all of Mandatory Palestine.
Popular Resistance Committee
Ethos of Struggle
Military Logic May Undermine National Security
The Axis of Resistance
One State Threat
The Resistance Network
Terror is an Existential Threat
The Proxy Phenomenon
Lebanese Political Crisis Part of Broader Strategy
Crisis of Palestinian Representation
The PIJ (Harakat al-Jihad al-Islami al-Filastini) was established in 1981 by two Islamic Palestinian activists, Fathi 'Abd al- Aziz Shiqaqi1 and Sheikh 'Abd al-Aziz Awda. The two had close ties with the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood which, at that time, prioritised internal Islamic growth in Arab countries over armed struggle against Israel. However, they were soon influenced into adopting a more activist line by the Islamic Revolution in Iran.
After carrying out several attacks against Israel in the 1980's, the PIJ's leaders were expelled to Lebanon in 1988 where they strengthened their ties with Hizbullah and Iran. A year later, Shiqaqi established the PIJ headquarters in Damascus, where direct contacts with the Iranians were made for the first time. This formed the basis for the PIJ becoming a direct instrument of Iranian policy in the Arab Israeli conflict (see: The Resistance Network).2
The PIJ opposed the Oslo Accords and joined the Damascus based Alliance of Palestinian Forces.3 The group also refused to recognize the Palestinian Authority and did not participate in the 1996 PA elections.
During the Second Intifada, the PIJ and its military wing, the al Quds brigade, took credit for killing several dozen Israelis, mostly civilians in over 60 separate terror attacks.4 The group's resurgence had much to do with the financial assistance the group received from Iran5.
To date, the PIJ maintains its hard line position and refuses to uphold the most recent ceasefire between the PA and Israel (11/06). The group is funded and aided by Syria, Iran and Hizbullah.
In contrast to Hamas who ran for the Palestinian Legislative Council (01/06), the PIJ called on Palestinians to boycott January's elections and has so far refrained from taking an official role in the PA's politics.
The PIJ denies Israel's right to exist and believes that jihad in Palestine entails a commitment to the movement's two inter-related goals: the liberation of Palestine and a pan-Islamic revival.
The PIJ's ideology is a mix of Palestinian nationalist ideas and concepts taken from the Muslim Brotherhood as well as from the Iranian revolution. The PIJ present a religious alternative to the secular nationalism of the PLO.
As opposed to Hamas,6 the PIJ has marginalized the role of social activity in favor of militant activity.
1 In 1995, Shiqaqi was killed in Malta by unknown assailants and replaced by Ramadan Abdallah Shalah as head of the movement. While completing a PhD in Islamic Economics at the University of Durham, Shalah was responsible for handing the propaganda activities of the PIJ and also directed the World and Islam Studies Enterprise, a think-tank devoted to issues championed by the PIJ (MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base.)
2 Meir Litvak, Tel Aviv Notes, 11/28/02.
3 Both PIJ and Hamas rejected the 1993 Oslo Accords as a betrayal of Palestinian and Islamic rights, and they launched attacks against Israeli targets in a "race" (Shiqaqi's own word) to halt the peace process. However, due to its small size, the PA was able to take strong measures against the Islamic Jihad closing al-Istiqlal, the Jihad newspaper in Gaza, as well as arresting some low-level activists (Litvak, Tel Aviv Notes. 11/28/02).
4 Notorious among its attacks have been the attack on the Tel Aviv nightclub in June 2001, killing 21 teenagers, the bombing of a commuter bus at the Megiddo Junction in October 2002, which killed 18 and the suicide bomb attack in a Haifa café on 4 October 2003, in which 20 people were killed.
5 According to American officials, Tehran has paid out millions of dollars in cash bonuses for each attack perpetrated against Israel– see Douglas Frantz and James Risen, New York Times, 03/24/02.
6 Hamas gave prominence to social welfare activity and proselytizing (dawa), even as it engaged in a simultaneous terror campaign.


The Hangover overcomes Terminator Salvation to top the UK box office chart.
The Hangover has landed at the top of the UK box office on its debut weekend.
The raunchy Las Vegas-set comedy pulls in £3.2 million to knock Terminator Salvation from the top of the chart.
Night At The Museum 2, Drag Me To Hell and Angels & Demons complete the top five, each slipping a place from last week.
The box office also sees new entries from horror remake The Last House On The Left (number seven) and the Ken Loach/Eric Cantona team-up Looking For Eric (at eight).


text:
India Signs $4.5 Million Loan With ADB To Support Urban Mobility In Mizoram
The PRF will develop a CMP for Aizawl that outlines the urban transport development strategy: Govt
The Government of India and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) on Tuesday signed a $4.5 million project readiness financing (PRF) loan to support project preparation and design activities to improve urban mobility in Aizawl, the capital city of the Northeastern state of Mizoram.
Rajat Kumar Mishra, Additional Secretary, Department of Economic Affairs, in the Ministry of Finance signed for the Government of India the PRF for the proposed Aizawl Sustainable Urban Transport Project, while Takeo Konishi, Country Director of ADB's India Resident Mission signed for ADB.
After signing the agreement, Mishra said that the PRF supports the development of long-term solutions to improve urban mobility in Aizawl by identifying high-priority urban transport investments for the ensuing project and enhance its readiness by supporting due diligence and other preparatory activities.
"The PRF will develop a Comprehensive Mobility Plan (CMP) for Aizawl that outlines the urban transport development strategy and build synergies with urban development planning initiatives in the state, and promote climate and disaster resilience, and gender inclusiveness in its interventions," said Konishi.
Urban mobility in Aizawl, the center of Mizoram's administrative and service industry, is severely constrained due to rapid and unplanned urbanization. This results in traffic congestion on narrow road widths and adversely impacts road safety, efficiency in the movement of people and goods, and environmental sustainability.
"The ensuing project, being developed through the PRF, seeks to resolve the city's transport problems by adopting sustainable urban mobility solutions. The PRF will conduct feasibility studies for prioritized projects identified in the CMP, and prepare detailed project reports and detailed design for the ensuing project," the Ministry of Finance said in a statement.
It added, "It will help develop the institutional capacity of the state's Urban Development and Poverty Alleviation Department in pre-implementation and project preparation activities."


Earlier today I posted our weekly job openings from the CN Occupancy Board. There's been some dialogue in the business of a duo of contribution openings at the NYC MTA (praca) that I object were advantage highlighting. I'd be all all through the Sr. Forewoman role if I wasn't working at CloudContacts currently.
With the MTA investing heavily in technology and their modish commitment to working with earn developers, both of these positions should the hang of top visibility — both advantaged the MTA and within the NYC tech community.


Our professionals have an eye for detail resulting in outstanding quality and service. Realistic planning, skilled and reliable workers, competitive prices, that's de Brabander Schilderwerken. We can accommodate you with all your painting needs, maintenance advice, spray-painting, wall coverings and color consultation. Please find more information about our services here.
De Brabander Schilderwerken B.V. has grown tremendously since its foundation in 2007. Since 2009, we are in the possession of our own spray-painting cabin in Naaldwijk. De Brabander Schilderwerken B.V. excels in quality and flexibility. We will respect your wishes and take care of the job with sublime finishes.


Calling all Hey Arnold! fans! Celebrate your love of the classic Nick 90s cartoon with this cool notebook collection featuring Arnold and all his friends from PS 118!
Insight's deluxe stationery line brings you a nostalgic blast from the past with this Hey Arnold! Notebook Collection. Including one leatherette notebook and one printed art card, these softcover notebooks feature covers inspired by Arnold and his best friends from PS 118.
Each notebook contains 64 pages of high-quality, acid-free paper that invites fans to record their favorite memories, adventures, and notes. Perfect for nostalgic 90s kids and fans of Hey Arnold!, these notebooks are the ideal for celebrating your love of this classic Nicktoon.


Downloadable Worksheet Time— Rhetorical Appeals: for analyzing expository texts!! Who else is excited?!?
One thing that I promised you is that I would provide worksheets and activities for you to practice college writing at home at least once a week, so here is the first of many.
This worksheet is meant to give you a beginners knowledge of how to discuss and identify rhetorical appeals in an expository text. Expository texts are any text that is non-fiction: newspaper articles, informational journals, blogs, magazine articles are just the beginning.
Note: At a later time we can discuss how any types of videos or audio recordings can also be analyzed for rhetoric.
Analyze a newspaper article for rhetoric.
Students will begin to see that any text can be analyzed for rhetoric.
Students will have a beginning knowledge of the meaning of ethos, pathos, and logos.
Print out or find a newspaper article that you are interested in.
Use the printable to discuss or write the answers to each question one by one. Know that each question will have an answer and each answer might be challenging to find. Look beyond the obvious!!
Skip any questions that you are really struggling with and come back to them later.
After you have completed as many questions as possible, go back to the ones you skipped. One that you might struggle with is this: What does the author want you to do with the information? Most likely, he/she wants you to change your opinion on a subject, describe.
Think about some additional questions about the author: What opinion does the author have about the subject? Who is the audience of the article?
Now respond to the article with your opinion: Do you agree or disagree with the author? Explain. Would you recommend or mention this article to someone you know? Who and why?
Leave a comment if you downloaded this and completed the activity. Let me know which question you struggled with the most. I do plan to do a short video tutorial on this soon, so any confusion can be answered there if you let me know.
Good luck and blessings to you!!


Dato 'Dr. Haji Mohd. Fadzilah Kamsah was born on July 16, 1951 in Sg. Pinang, Klang. He is the managing director of Excel Training & Consultancy (M) Sdn. Bhd. and director general at ETC Communications Sdn. Bhd.
He was the deputy director in PPPL, UPM from 1993 to September 1993. He was a lecturer and tutor at the Development Communications Department, UPM. He holds a BS Agric degree. Sciences (1st Class Hons) from the University of Malaya in 1975. He furthered his studies in Wisconsin, USA taking MS Agricultural Journalism in 1977. He has a Ph.D Organizational Communication from Wisconsin, USA in 1984. In coaching, he has conducted over 6,000 courses in services for government and private agencies in the area of motivation, communication, public relations, humanitarian relations, customer service, work ethics, corporate culture, counseling, leadership, management, supervision, conflict and stress, coaching techniques, general speeches, parenting, study techniques, da'wah methodology, entrepreneurship, team building, report writing, social ethics, mind and self development and so on.


Sodium hyaluronate from fermentation 2.0%. Viscoelastic solution for injection into the joint cavity. Sterile by moist heat.
1ml isotonic solution (pH 7.3) contains 20.0 mg sodium hyaluronate from fermentation and sodium chloride, disodium phosphate, sodium dihydrogenphosphate, mannitol and water for injections.
Pain and restricted mobility in degenerative and traumatic changes of the knee joint and other synovial joints.
OSTENIL® PLUS should not be used in patients with ascertained hypersensitivity to any of the constituents.
No information on the incompatibility of OSTENIL® PLUS with other solutions for intra-articular use is available to date. The concomitant use of an oral analgesic or anti-inflammatory drug during the first few days of treatment may be helpful for the patient.
In very rare cases local and general secondary phenomena such as pain, feeling of heat, redness, inflammation, swelling/joint effusion, tachycardia, hypertension, hypotension, shortness of breath, nausea and pruritus may occur during or after the injection of OSTENIL® PLUS.
The content and the outer surface of the OSTENIL® PLUS prefilled syringe are sterile as long as the sterile pack is intact. Take the pre-filled syringe out of the sterile pack, unscrew the Luer lock cap from the syringe, attach a suitable needle (for example 18 to 25 G) and secure it by turning slightly. Remove any air bubble, if present, prior to injection.
Caution should be exercised in patients with known hypersensitivity to drugs. The general precautions for intraarticular injections should be observed, including measures to avoid joint infections. OSTENIL® PLUS should be injected accurately into the joint cavity, if necessary under imaging control. Avoid injections into blood vessels or surrounding tissues! As no clinical evidence is available on the use of hyaluronic acid in children, pregnant and lactating women or in inflammatory joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or Bechterew disease, treatment with OSTENIL® PLUS is not recommended in these cases. Do not use if the pre-filled syringe or sterile pack are damaged. Any solution not used immediately after opening must be discarded. Otherwise the sterility is no longer guaranteed. Store between 2˚C and 25˚C! Do not use after the expiry date indicated on the box. Keep out of the reach of children!
Synovial fluid, which is viscoelastic due to the presence of hyaluronic acid, is found in all synovial joints, particularly the large weight bearing joints, where it ensures normal, painless movement due to its lubricating and shock-absorbing properties. It is also responsible for the nutrition of the cartilage. In degenerative joint disorders such as osteoarthritis, the viscoelasticity of the synovial fluid is markedly reduced thereby decreasing its lubricating and shock-absorbing functions. This increases mechanical loading of the joint and cartilage destruction which ultimately results in pain and restricted mobility of the affected joint.
Supplementing this synovial fluid with intra-articular injections of highly purified sodium hyaluronate can ameliorate the viscoelastic properties of synovial fluid. This improves its lubricating and shock-absorbing functions and reduces mechanical overload of the joint. As a rule this results in a decrease in pain and an improvement in joint mobility which may last for several months after a treatment cycle. OSTENIL® PLUS is a transparent solution of natural and highly purified sodium hyaluronate obtained by fermentation and is devoid of animal protein. OSTENIL® PLUS also contains mannitol, a free radical scavenger, which helps to stabilise the chains of sodium hyaluronate. In biocompatibility studies, OSTENIL® PLUS was found to be particularly safe.
One pre-filled syringe of 40mg/2.0ml OSTENIL® PLUS in a sterile pack.
OSTENIL® PLUS is a medical device. To be used by a clinician only.


text:
(-) Carers
(-) Health inequalities
A vision for population health: Towards a healthier future
We need to move away from a system just focused on diagnosing and treating illness towards one that is based on promoting wellbeing and preventing ill health. Our report sets out a new vision for population health.
By David Buck et al - 27 November 2018
Stalling life expectancy in the UK
The stalling of improvements in life expectancy in the UK since 2011, highlighted again in the most recent data, has prompted much comment and speculation. We must look at austerity and beyond for underlying causes, says Veena Raleigh.
By Veena Raleigh - 28 September 2018
What is happening to life expectancy in the UK?
2010 marked a turning point in long-term mortality trends in the UK, with improvements tailing off after decades of steady decline. Veena Raleigh examines the data.
By Veena Raleigh - 15 August 2018
Tackling multiple unhealthy risk factors: emerging lessons from practice
Our report shares learning and insight from services that are using innovative ways to address the problem of multiple unhealthy behaviours – around tobacco use, alcohol consumption, diet and physical activity – in the population.
By Harry Evans et al - 1 March 2018
Communities and health
The role of communities in improving population health is receiving increasing, and long overdue, attention in health policy and practice. This piece gives an overview of the different approaches to working with communities for health.
By David Buck et al - 14 February 2018
The King's Fund response to the Mayor of London's draft health inequalities strategy
We find that the draft strategy is a good start, but we believe as it is finalised its commitments need to be more tightly focused on inequality reduction than they currently are.
Patients as partners: Building collaborative relationships among professionals, patients, carers and communities
Our guide explores practical ways to develop collaborative relationships among health and care professionals, patients, carers and community partners.
By Becky Seale - 4 July 2016
Inequalities in life expectancy: Changes over time and implications for policy
This report from David Buck and David Maguire explores how the relationship between income deprivation and life expectancy has changed over time and looks at the impact of other variables such as employment, housing deprivation, binge drinking and diet.
By David Buck et al - 11 August 2015
The health inequality challenge
With the right local leadership and central government support, localism could help address the broad range of factors that drive health inequalities in a particular area, writes David Buck.
By David Buck - 14 July 2015
Dementia: a carer's perspective
We speak to writer Nicci Gerrard about her father's hospital care, and her campaign – John's Campaign – that calls for the families and carers of people with dementia to be allowed to remain with them in hospital for as many hours of the day and night as necessary.
Improving the public's health: A resource for local authorities
Local authorities have been given renewed responsibility for public health. These resources attempt to help councils decide which aspects of public health to prioritise, and what actions are most effective.
By David Buck et al - 12 December 2013
The Care Bill: Second reading in the House of Lords: Briefing
The King's Fund welcome the Care Bill as a significant stepping stone to wider reform of care and support and the new duties on local authorities to promote wellbeing.
Health policy under the coalition government: A mid-term assessment
Written halfway through the 2010–2015 parliament, this review considers how the NHS is performing under the coalition government, following on from The King's Fund's major review of NHS performance from 1997 to 2010.
By Sarah Gregory et al - 28 November 2012
Impact of Quality and Outcomes Framework on health inequalities: Summary of full report
The National Institute for Health Research Service Delivery and Organisation programme commissioned The King's Fund, together with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, to explore the impact of the QOF on public health and health inequalities.
By Anna Dixon et al - 21 April 2011
Healthy Lives, Healthy People: Consultation response
The King's Fund's response to Healthy Lives, Healthy People and associated consultations on the Public Health Outcomes Framework and Funding and Commissioning Routes.
By David Buck - 31 March 2011
How assistive technologies are used by children and adolescents, their parents or carers
We look at three types of technology: telephone, internet and videoconferencing, and consider how they could be used for or by children and adolescents across a variety of conditions.
By Susan Royer - 2 November 2010
A high-performing NHS? A review of progress 1997-2010
The report assesses how much progress the NHS has made in the following eight areas: access, safety, health promotion and management of long-term conditions, clinical effectiveness, patient experience, equity, efficiency and accountability.
By Jo Maybin et al - 11 April 2010
Improving partnership working to reduce health inequalities
Working in partnership is central to reducing health inequalities – one department acting alone cannot tackle an issue that does not respect organisational boundaries.
By Tammy Boyce et al - 4 December 2009
Strategic review of health inequalities in England post-2010 (Marmot Review) Consultation response
This paper is a response to the Marmot Review Consultation. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the proposals to reduce health inequalities and a range of evidence to underpin future health policy.
Local variations in NHS spending priorities
Our briefing on local variations in NHS spending priorities analyses newly-available data, collected by the Department of Health, on the amount spent by primary care trusts on specific disease areas.
Access to health care and minority ethnic groups
How effective is the NHS in providing accessible health care for all Britons, regardless of their ethnic or religious background? This briefing sets out the background to some of the issues.