This article about the Importance of Communication Skills for Leadership and Management is number eight in a series of twelve about Self-Handicapping Leadership by Professor Phillip Decker and Professor Jordan Mitchell. All articles can be read without knowledge of the previous ones. Please find an overview of articles in this series at the end of the article.
Breakdowns in communication cause major problems for managers. We can all recall experiences of communication failure. Perhaps you remember sitting in a conference room, suffering through a traditional PowerPoint presentation? Nothing but text on each slide, the presenter watching the projector screen and painstakingly reading each point. As a spectator, you were less than enthralled by the presentation or the individual giving it.
At this point, everyone in that meeting is thinking the same thing: "Well, what do you think we're doing?" Of course, no one says that aloud. The leader hasn't really offered any meaningful solutions or created any discussion that will solve the problem; he has just dumped it on the group. The discussion may go around in circles with everyone nodding and agreeing while no real action planning happens. There are a couple of major undiscussables here – lack of accountability and impression management.
Why doesn't the leader take charge? Where is that brave soul who will speak up and lead the team out of this mess? We know the answers: the employees don't want to get on the leader's bad side and they fear negative repercussions from speaking up.
Moreover, they don't think anything they do will really change the situation, and, ultimately, no one wants to look stupid or be embarrassed in front of their peers. Everyone is managing impressions rather than solving real problems. Eventually, this poor leadership trickles down, resulting in even lower customer satisfaction. These examples are both instances of someone handicapping their leadership through poor communication.
Most leaders understand the consequences of poor financial management, but not all leaders appreciate the importance of communication skills for leadership and management. In other words, the risks that come from a poor approach to communication are underestimated. The blowout of the Deepwater Horizon offshore oil rig, in April 2010, resulted in a massive crisis for BP and its partners. Among the key factors contributing to the disaster were "poor communications" and a failure "to share important information" (Groysberb & Slind, 2012).
More than half of all change programs fail to meet their objectives and this is often attributed to managers being unable to deal with employee resistance to needed changes (Decker et. al. 2012). Inadequate communication is also a factor in many accidents and safety incidents. We have all seen managers manipulating communication for their individual gain, or other situations where lack of communication caused problems. Poor communication is one of the largest areas of self-handicapping in business organizations (Decker & Mitchell 2016).
Communication is a process of exchanging verbal and non-verbal messages and is a continuous two-way process. A prerequisite of communication is a message conveyed through some medium to the recipient – voice, email, presentations, or posters. But some media can be handicapping – for example, PowerPoint presentations by executives can lead to one-way only communication in an organization.
It is essential that the message gets to the recipient and is accepted and understood in the same terms as intended by the sender. It is also important that the communication media and techniques create a culture of openness and trust in the organization. This is what increases innovation, early identification of problems, and creates the mastery goal orientation needed for exceptional productivity.
Too much information, poorly framed messages, inappropriate channels, and incomplete feedback from the recipient to the sender on how well the message is understood and accepted can all be self-handicapping. It is the leader's responsibility to ensure that all take place effectively.
Nonverbal communication is also important: gestures, eye contact, touching, running a few minutes late to a meeting, and physical appearance. Non-verbal cues convey information that can be self-handicapping.
For example, let's look at two forms of posture: 'open' and 'closed'. Open is facing the other person with good eye contact and open arms. Closed means arms folded, legs crossed or positioned at an angle to the other person. A closed posture will inhibit conversation with an employee.
Every culture has different levels of physical closeness which are expected or tolerated. When someone violates an 'appropriate' distance, people may feel uncomfortable or defensive. Non-verbal cues can become a barrier to effective communication – they must match the verbal message. Remember, "What we say" is often less important than "How we say it." Words are only a small part of our communication.
The most successful way of communicating in a workplace is to treat each other as both friends AND as task partners. Self-handicapping in communication occurs by not developing an open and trusting communication culture.
FOR EXAMPLE: Picture a meeting where the boss comes in a few minutes late, starts talking about a critical issue and doesn't allow for questions (during or after). At the end of the meeting, several people try to pose questions but the boss says, "I have another meeting" and immediately leaves the room. More than likely, any concerns or apprehensions employees had coming into the meeting will now be magnified. Without a chance to clarify concerns or ask questions, the employees' thinking can easily wander to imagine the worst-case scenario. This is one of many ways to create a negative communication culture.
Most organizational groups or teams hold common ideas about how to deal with recurrent problems and uncertainties – they create and perpetuate social order through these common ideas and they become cultures. Cultures are sets of beliefs, values, and norms that are emotional and resistant to change but guide future activity.
Many organizations with remote employees rely on email, for instance; but face-to-face communication – even by phone – is more conducive to the give and take needed to build trust just as small group meetings help open two-way communication more than PowerPoint presentations.
How communication works in and across multiple organizational cultures is a key to how organizations function – with a culture of openness, transparency, and trust or without. Communication culture is the glue that holds teams and organizations together. This glue can be a driver or an obstacle to performance; exceptional managers understand this.
When leadership is chaotic or untrustworthy, a culture will likely develop where keeping one's head down, not speaking up, avoiding trouble, "being a team player," and "just doing one's job" is the norm. Upward communication of concerns or fears is unlikely to be voiced. Innovation thus comes to a halt. This culture protects the workers from the potential chaos that originates from this type of leadership. Great leaders know that a mastery goal orientation requires open, two-way communication and a lot of trust.
Organizational cultures cannot be manufactured or changed at will – it usually takes enormous effort to do so. If communication does not work, exceptional leaders do something about it. And they start with themselves and how they communicate. Once their personal communication is open and transparent, leaders can adopt methods that enable them to get closer to employees, build trust, promote dialogue, engage employees, and align their communication with organizational strategy. It is usually the being "open and transparent" that is the problem – and no form of impression management will mask this problem.
So, why don't managers promote openness and a free flow of information? Like most self-handicapping, self-handicapping in communication starts with excuses. These may sound like: "I don't have time for small group meetings, I will just do a presentation. My managers will work out the employee problems." This approach saves the leader some time. The employees generally don't say much, they just accept this as the communication culture and hunker down. Over time, employees disengage and problems are not brought to the surface.
It is common for students in business schools to be required to give presentations; and when they get out into the "real world," their preferred mode of communication is a presentation of concepts rather than one-on-one or small group problem-solving. Presentations have their place in organizations, but leaders must not use them as a crutch for expediency, avoiding employee concerns, or fear of getting too close to worker's problems – that is self-handicapping.
As with any other category of self-handicapping, you have to ask yourself how much of what you are doing is motivated by uneasiness, an effort to take the expedient route, or to avoid problems, etc. Much of what we do in creating or contributing to the communication culture in our workplace is due to anxiety about revealing our true self: How close are we willing to allow others to come to our "inner being," shyness, shame, or other deeper issues? None of this is bad; it is just part of who we are. However, if you want to be an exceptional leader – you may have to face these fears and get beyond them.
Great leaders help create or change communication cultures so that they are open and trusting and promote a maximum exchange of information and learning. Understanding that you are a big contributor to the culture in your workplace may help you to face your fears, work to overcome them and practice new ways of operating.
Most employees want to be a part of a workplace culture that puts a premium on delivering the truth (Llopis 2014). They want their leaders to share where the company is headed so they can plan and protect themselves; yet, this does not always happen. The reasons leaders are not transparent may include their belief that they will be viewed as less authoritative, or have less power or control. They may have developed a habit of withholding information – this may have been learned in the past, over time, in a more dysfunctional work environment.
Treat others as you would want to be treated – with respect and truthfulness.
Make time to listen to employees' questions and suggestions. It's important to communicate that you, in fact, want to hear from employees (even if you have heard it a 100 times).
Show that you have heard employees' opinions and ideas by using some of them.
Greet employees. Remember their names. Walk to meetings on different routes so you can see more of them.
Give compliments; recognize employees for their contributions. Everyone likes being told they are doing good work.
Make an effort to get to know employees beyond their role. Find emerging talent.
Let people know who you really are – talk about vulnerabilities, problems, and failures. Use yourself as an example.
Ask for help. As much as people like giving help, it's still kind of scary to ask for it.
Provide small meetings for information and opinion exchange. Do not use PowerPoint presentations exclusively.
Distribute a weekly memo about projects, announcements, and deadlines to keep everyone on the same page and to recognize workers.
Send all messages across multiple channels. Make important messages repetitive – it takes three times to get the message through.
If you find it difficult to open up and be vulnerable in personal disclosure, read When I Say No, I Feel Guilty by Manuel J. Smith (1985) or Shyness and Social Anxiety Workbook: Proven, Step-by-Step Techniques for Overcoming your Fear by Martin Antony Ph.D. and Richard Swinson (2008). Remember, in the absence of data about a leader, employees will make up their own.
Many leaders feel some unease when connecting with other people – they need to start with baby steps. They sometimes feel others will judge them or dislike them. This fear holds many back from being open and is the greatest source for communication self-handicapping. Yet, if leaders don't share some of themselves, the employees won't share back. In fact, secretiveness can sometimes bring more attention than it helps avoid. Remember, in the absence of data about a leader, employees will make up their own (Decker & Mitchell. 2016).
Finally, if a leader is in the habit of judging others, he/she will be judged. Self-handicapping can lead to a downward spiral, from excuses to a level of self-deception where it is all someone else's fault. Then blame becomes habitual and begins to take away opportunities for meaningful interaction (see article #1).
Leaders in this "box" need to find ways to communicate with others and truly connect without judgment or blame. Leaders must be willing to assume responsibility for all communication even when they feel that the responsibility should be shared or that someone else should make the initial effort. In other words, they must get out of the "box" to communicate in a way that does not cause self-handicapping obstacles.
As leaders achieve a heightened awareness of their own self-deception and move toward becoming skilled communicators, they should view themselves as accountable for their work environment.
Choose a coworker to have a conversation with and practice paying attention and listening.
Say "I'm sorry" once, sincerely, in front of 2 or more people when you have fouled up in some way and it is all your fault.
Stop talking – listen to what the person is really saying.
Look at the speaker directly and maintain eye contact throughout the conversation.
Do not rush to add to the conversation – process the information before you take your turn to speak.
Use your body language and gestures to convey your attention.
Apologize as soon as you realize that you've wronged someone.
Say "I'm sorry," or "I apologize" sincerely to express remorse. With full eye contact and open posture.
Admit responsibility for your actions and make amends if possible.
Say you will not do it again.
For further reading, we suggest Cotton (2013) Say Anything to Anyone, Anywhere: 5 Keys To Successful Cross-Cultural Communication, or Reynolds, et. al. (2011) Guide to Cross-Cultural Communications.
Antony, M & Swinson, R (2008). Shyness and Social Anxiety Workbook: Proven, Step-by-Step Techniques for Overcoming your Fear, New Harbinger Publications. Downloaded 11-2-14.
Decker, P., & Mitchell, J. (2016). Self-Handicapping Leadership: The Nine Behaviors Holding Back Employees, Managers, and Companies, and How to Overcome Them. Pearson FT Press.
Decker, P.J., Durand, R., Mayfield, C.O., McCormick, C., Skinner, D., & Perdue, G. (2012). Predicting implementation failures in organization change. Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications, and Conflict, 16 (2), 39-60.
Groysberb, B & Slind, M (2012). The silent killer of big companies. Downloaded 2-10-15.
JRS Consulting (2007). Summarized from link, downloaded 11-2-14.
Llopis, G (2014). 5 powerful things happen when a leader is transparent. Forbes, http://www.forbes.com/sites/glennllopis/2012/09/10/5-powerful-things-happen-when-a-leader-is-transparent/, downloaded 11-2-14.
Reynolds, S. et. al. (2011). Guide to Cross-Cultural Communication, Pearson. See Wiley or Pearson.
Smith, MJ (1985). When I Say No I Feel Guilty, Bantom Books, 1975.
#9 Talent Development Planning and How to Get it Right?
Phillip Decker is a Professor at University of Houston Clear Lake and co-author of Self-Handicapping Leadership - Jordan Mitchell is an Assistant Professor at University of Houston Clear Lake and co-author of Self-Handicapping Leadership.
Hi Camilla; Phil Decker here.
How you frame a communication or a decision can have great impact on the result. There are a million different ways to frame and I don't think any researcher has created a typology of them – but I am no expert on discursive leadership communication. Framing should always be taken into consideration because of its power to bias things and it often is to our detriment – many advertisers and politicians frame communication to bias our decisions. There is some discussion of this in a previous article on decision making: https://managemagazine.com/article-bank/self-handicapping/managerial-decision-making-process/. There is an extensive literature on framing in the decision analysis literature. Since leadership is about influencing workers and discursive leadership is about leading through communication, I would guess that framing plays a central place in it even if not acknowledged in the research. Hope this helps.
Great article for a communication student like myself!
I have one question though. You mention 'framing' messages at one point. When should this be taken into consideration and are there different ways of framing? I'm mainly thinking within Discursive-Leadership here.


text:
Q: Using Javascript/jQuery to set up Email to SMS I've gotten started on a script, but I'm stuck.
Please review this FIDDLE
Basically, when the user enters the phone number - (You can enter any value right now)
Phone#: <input class="combine" id="input1" value=""></input>

I have several hidden inputs that contain values like "@txt.att.net", etc.
<input class="combine" id="input3" value="@txt.att.net" style="display: none;"></input>

I'm trying to append the input data (phone number), to the various email addresses.
$(document).ready(function () {
    $('#setVal').on('click', function () {
        var form = $('.combine').not('#outputAddress');
        var vals = form.map(function () {
            var value = $.trim(this.value)
            return value ? value : undefined;
        }).get();
        $('#outputAddress').val(vals.join(';\n '))
    });
});

At this point, I've managed to get the input value and the associated domains to display, but I can't get the number to append to the address. The result currently looks like this...
inputValue;
 @message.Alltel.com;
 @txt.att.net;
 @myboostmobile.com;
 @sms.mycricket.com;
 @mymetropcs.com;
 @messaging.sprintpcs.com;
 @page.nextel.com;
 @vtext.com;
 @tmomail.net;
 @email.uscc.net;
 @vmobl.com

...but needs to look like this instead...
inputValue;
 inputValue@message.Alltel.com;
 inputValue@txt.att.net;
 inputValue@myboostmobile.com;
 inputValue@sms.mycricket.com;
 inputValue@mymetropcs.com;
 inputValue@messaging.sprintpcs.com;
 inputValue@page.nextel.com;
 inputValue@vtext.com;
 inputValue@tmomail.net;
 inputValue@email.uscc.net;
 inputValue@vmobl.com

...and then ultimately, click the Generate Email button and all the addresses would be placed into the desktop email client (in my case, we need this for Outlook).

A: Change the class of the phone number's input and the output's textarea to something else then you can get the values separately:
Here is the fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/dtengeri/nACLK/3/
Change the class of the phone number's to somthing else:
Phone#: <input class="input" id="input1" value=""></input>

The output could be:
<textarea class="output" id="outputAddress" disabled="true" cols="35" rows="13"></textarea>

And the Javascipt:
$(document).ready(function () {
    $('#setVal').on('click', function () {
        // Get the phone number.
        var input = $('.input').val();
        var vals = $('.combine').map(function () {
            var value = $.trim(this.value)
            // Append the phone number before the value.
            return value ? input + value : undefined;
        }).get();
        //Add the phone number to the beginning of the array
        vals.unshift(input);
        $('#outputAddress').val(vals.join(';\n '))
    });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


As my newest book (((Semitism))) heads to market, look here for my most recent work, especially on Judaism, hate, and the rise of white nationalism in the era of Trump.
The Great Schism: American and Israeli Jews Head for a Messy Breakup.
What's your advice for the American Jewish community to fight the pervasive hatred?
Stop obsessing about Israel. Start looking around at what is happening in your own country. Reach out to Muslim groups, immigrant groups, civil rights groups. Use the muscle, know-how and resources of the Jewish community to thwart the rise of this new Internet-savvy hate.
Bernie Bernstein pretty much fits the mold of a Jew — at least as the alt-right sees us.
A strange Northeastern accent, somewhere between New York and Boston? Check. Tossing money, but not too much money, around to no good end (remember, we're rich, but cheap)? Check. Pursuing the agenda of the liberal fake-news media? Check. Riling the worst instincts of the South's conservative base? Check.
But there was something a little too on the nose, forgive me please, about those robocalls in Alabama from a mythical Washington Post reporter named Bernstein seeking women to dish dirt on Roy Moore, something too "Jewy" to be actually Jewish. And that's where the rising anti-Semitism of the new white nationalists loses its punch.
"What, ho, the vaunted Ashkenazi intelligence, hahaha!" CyberTrump came back. "It's a dog whistle, fool. Belling the cat for my fellow goyim." With the cat belled, the horde was unleashed.
The anti-Semitic hate, much of it from self-identified Donald J. Trump supporters, hasn't stopped since.


Barrett's Boston Banter: A New England Fall!
This week was so great! It was full of surprises and new experiences!
We also had some great success on the Digital mission that day! We picked up a new investigator. She's from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Her name is Beatriz. We taught her the Restoration, and invited her to pray about what we taught her. We're excited to talk to her again this week!
Oh another thing that happened on Wednesday...we found another mouse! It was outside this time, and it was already dead. Sister Egan decided to get rid of it by scooping it up on our snow shovel and then proceeded to catapult it into the forest beside our house. It was pretty hilarious!
Later on Friday we had a really cool experience. After our dinner appointment we decided to stop by to meet a less active guy in the area, Alex. We stopped by his house and there was a man outside. We asked if he was Alex and he said "No Alex doesn't live here anymore, but his Mom is inside if you want to talk to her." We took that offer, and we went inside to talk to his Mom. Her name is Olga. She is such a sweet lady and she was really excited to see us. She said "Oh I remember when the missionaries used to come over. We loved it!" She also told us that she always used to drop her son off at church every Sunday, but she never came in. We invited her to our Ward Halloween activity next week, and we also asked her if she'd like to learn more about the church. she said "YES!" We know we were led there for a reason.
We stopped at the Irish store to buy some Irish chocolate for Sister Egan!
Sister Egan: Steele! Like a steel bar?
Brother Pond: Oh yeah! Jim!
Sister Egan: Yeah! Jim Steele!
He's the sweetest. Bless his soul.
Then yesterday we had an amazing day at church! Well our day started off weird. We were doing our studies in the morning and we heard a really loud "BANG" outside our house. It sounded like the trash cans had fallen over or like something fell on them or something. There's been acorns falling on our house for weeks now so we thought "It's probably just that". I started joking to Sister Egan saying "What if it's a bear out there??!" She was like "If there's a bear out there, we're moving!" Well later on, when we were leaving to go to church, we came outside, and our trash can had fallen over, and there was nothing in it. We looked up into the forest and our trash was all up there. A bear came and rooted through our trash, and took it away into the forest. WELCOME TO AVON, CONNECTICUT!
But the rest of our day was fantastic. Sacrament meeting was amazing. One of the Primary kids did a musical number and it was beautiful. She sang, and the spirit was just so strong! Then during Relief society, one of the women in the ward asked us if we had a dinner appointment that night. We didn't, but she invited us to have dinner with their family. They are the sweetest family. We were so grateful. It was such a blessing.
This place is amazing. I'm so grateful that I get to serve here and be an instrument in the Lord's hands. I love doing His work! I love this gospel with all my heart! The church is true!


text:
Q: How to define a ConfigurationOf with a #development version that depends on a baseline? In Pharo, I want to define a Metacello's ConfigurationOfNand2Tetris that has just one package:
ConfigurationOfNand2Tetris>>baseline01: spec
  <version: '0.1-baseline'>

  spec
    for: #common
    do: [
      spec
        blessing: #baseline;
        repository: 'http://www.smalltalkhub.com/mc/DamienCassou/Nand2Tetris/main';
        package: 'Nand2Tetris' ]

ConfigurationOfNand2Tetris>>development: spec
  <symbolicVersion: #development>

  spec for: #common version: '0.1-baseline'.

When I execute MetacelloToolBox validateConfiguration: ConfigurationOfNand2Tetris I always get 2 warnings:

*

*Warning: Symbolic version #development refers to a version'0.1-baseline' whose blessing #baseline is not #development { notDevelopmentVersion } [ #validateVersionSpecForSymbolicVersion:symbolicVersion: ]

*Warning: Only baseline defined (no version defined). { onlyBaselineVersion } [ #validatePragmas ]

A: If you want to just depend on a baseline, the metaphor for that in Metacello is to
use the #bleedingEdge blessing. Also, you can explicitly deny other symbolic versions:
ConfigurationOfNand2Tetris>>baseline01: spec
  <version: '0.1-baseline'>

  spec
    for: #common
    do: [
      spec
        blessing: #baseline;
        repository: 'http://www.smalltalkhub.com/mc/DamienCassou/Nand2Tetris/main';
        package: 'Nand2Tetris' ]

ConfigurationOfNand2Tetris>>bleedingEdge: spec
  <symbolicVersion: #bleedingEdge>
  spec for: #common version: '0.1-baseline'.

ConfigurationOfNand2Tetris>>development: spec
  <symbolicVersion: #'development'>
  spec for: #'common' version: #'notDefined'.

ConfigurationOfNand2Tetris>>stable: spec
  <symbolicVersion: #'stable'>
  spec for: #'common' version: #'notDefined'.

The idea here is that #stable and #development versions link to explicitely enumbered versions, whereas #bleedingEdge always points to the latest versions.
This should avoid the first warning. I think, as long as you do not have released a version, you can safely ignore the second warning.

A: Usually you'll define your baseline and then also a #versionN: method:
ConfigurationOfNand2Tetris>>version01: spec
  <version: '0.1' imports: #('0.1-baseline')>

  spec
    for: #common do: [
      spec
        blessing: #baseline;
        package: 'Nand2Tetris' with: 'Nand2Tetris-yourname.22'].

A: I think you forgot to implement :
ConfigurationOfNand2Tetris>>version01: spec

<version: '0.1' imports: #('0.1-baseline' )>

spec for: #'common' do: [
    spec blessing: #'development'.
    spec description: 'some description'.
    spec author: 'yourName'.
    spec timestamp: '1/15/2013 16:13'.
    spec
        package: 'Nand2Tetris' with: 'Nand2Tetris-yourName.versionNumber']

Then you should change :
ConfigurationOfNand2Tetris>>development: spec

  <symbolicVersion: #development>

  spec for: #'common' version: '0.1'.


Lock in a great price for Palanga SPA Life Balance Hotel – rated 9.4 by recent guests!
Excellent location, clean rooms, very good breakfast, fantastic bathhouse and the ritual. But still i think the price for night is very high.
Great facilities and amazing spa. It's very clean and very cozy hotel with great breakfast. The staff is welcoming and very accommodating. Must visit in cold weather: you will find a lot to do inside of the hotel. Must to try is a spiralina procedure - it's a star of every visit. Best regards to Renata who is a true professional. The restaurant is another gem with high quality of food and reasonable prices.
Hotel staff was super friendly and did everything to accommodate our needs to the fullest. We got an early check in, and a late check out, the SPA treatments were extremely professional and pleasant, overall great stay! Must say probably one of the best in Palanga!
Interior is simply gorgeous! Staff is super friendly, it has even a specific scent in rooms!
Great experience. Perfect location. Very good spa and restaurant .
Beautiful lobby and rooms, with designer furniture and artworks. Amazing SPA with inside and outside swimming pools. Friendly staff. Great restaurant.
Room was nice and clean. Staff was polite. Hotel it self is beautiful. Breakfast was good and delicious, except pancakes. Very nice spa, plenty of rooms and good place to relax.
We had a great stay in Hotel Spa Palanga. We liked everything: room (deluxe double) with a view, perfect Spa area, perfect breakfast. The staff was friendly and helpful. Thank you for birthday wishes! The price is high, but it is the best hotel in Palanga!
Palanga SPA Life Balance Hotel This rating is a reflection of how the property compares to the industry standard when it comes to price, facilities and services available. It's based on a self-evaluation by the property. Use this rating to help choose your stay!
Located just 150 feet from the Baltic Sea, this family-owned 5-star hotel offers a luxurious spa center and water treatments.
The Palanga Spa Life Balance Hotel was awarded the Best SPA Hotel in Eastern Europe in the World Spa and Wellness Awards 2018, the most innovative European SPA Hotel at ESPA awards 2018 and the Perfect Wellness Hotel by Perfect SPA 2018 awards.
Guests can choose their accommodations from 74 rooms which are different in categories and located in two different buildings: elegant Luxury building and hype and modern Design building, which is the only hotel in the world that has by 7 degrees deviated floorings. Both buildings have a lounge area with a fireplace.
Luxury building has stylish interiors and elegant rooms. All rooms are bright and decorated with teak-wooden furniture and Brazilian walnut doors and floors. Each room has a balcony and is equipped with free Wi-Fi, air conditioning, mini-bar, flat-screen TV.
All rooms at Design building are spacious and have a private balcony. Every room is equipped with free Wi-Fi, air conditioning, mini-bar, flat-screen TV.
Located in the Design building, wellness center features of four different types of baths, including sauna, steam bath, laconium and outdoor wooden Kelo log bathhouse. There are several swimming pools – indoor swimming, indoor hot tub, Roman pool and outdoor hot tub. All pools use mineral water which is extracted from own mineral water bore. Guests can relax in larch therapy room with waterbeds. Gym is available free of charge. There is also an outdoor swimming pool with pre-heated water available in the summertime. Guests can choose from a wide range of beauty and medical treatments as well as individual programs available upon request.
Rich breakfast and modern European dishes are served at the restaurant located in the Luxury building. There is also a bar to enjoy snacks and drinks, and a lounge room with a fireplace and views of the surrounding park.
The Palanga Spa Life Balance Hotel is located at Birute Avenue, just 500 feet away from the Botanical Gardens and the Amber Museum. The popular Basanavičius promenade is only 1,950 feet away.
When would you like to stay at Palanga SPA Life Balance Hotel?
Room with modern decor, a spacious bathroom and a TV.
This larger room includes a sitting area with a sofa.
This elegant and spacious apartment includes a bedroom and a living room with sitting area and dining table.
Palanga SPA Design is located 50 meters away from the Baltic Sea shore. Hotel offers unique and leaving nobody indifferent atmosphere combined with contemporary and tailor-made design. 7-degree angle deviated floorings, exceptional attention to natural materials, genuine furnishings make hotel Palanga SPA Design a place to be. Each room is fitted with the latest technologies and amenities making it guests' stay an agreeable and cozy one. Pride of the hotel – 1800 m2 SPA and Balneotherapy complex – modern healthcare and wellness facilities offering indoor swimming pool with mineral water, indoor and outdoor Jacuzzis, Roman pool, steam bath, laconium, outdoor Kelo sauna, ice room and gym. Access to these facilities is included in the room rate. A vast variety of all types body and facial treatments, massages as well as beauty rituals are available for guests' convenience at an additional charge. Hotel guests are more than welcome to seize the day and enjoy a drink in a trendy lobby bar. Modern European Cuisine and buffet breakfast are served in the restaurant of the sister hotel – Palanga SPA Luxury, situated a stone's throw away.
House Rules Palanga SPA Life Balance Hotel takes special requests – add in the next step!
Palanga SPA Life Balance Hotel accepts these cards and reserves the right to temporarily hold an amount prior to arrival.
Guests staying at Palanga Spa Life Balance Hotel receive a complimentary access to the Bath and Balneotherapy Complex and Fitness Room every day from 8:00 to 22:00, except Tuesdays from 17:00 to 22:00.
Swimming pool at the next building, should pass the yard.
Location, spa possibility, friendly staff.
Noisy ventilationat in the room during the night time.
Very comfortable family flat, the best spa with the natural mineral water, warm pool and fresh tea. Tasty breakfast.
A perfect hotel in Palanga. Great location, facilities, spa, breakfast. The price is worth it! Special thanks to caring hotel staff - we left some of our belongings in the room after the check-out, after two days our belongings we delivered to Vilnius. Excellent service! Ačiū, sugrįšime dar.
spa center was ok (not all staff was complaisant unfortunately, especially young girl, who changed towels, looked like in torture and was even angry), the locking system broke up and people couldn't take their things out or in, but there were really clean.
I liked the room (especially the view, its' size, there were all the facilities needed, etc.), restaurant (nice breakfast (especially sunny side eggs and benedict eggs, friendly and helpful staff), spa center was ok. Also the place of the hotel is perfect, because you can reach the sea and the park easily.
Everything was excellent - room, spa, breakfast, staff.
During out stay in the hotel, there were couple issues: smelly towels, hotel bar didin't have any cocktails, only strong alcohol.
In general stay was pleasant. But in weekends spa should work longer hours. Breakfast could be served longer period of time.
22 eur for a glass of cheap champagne. Kempinski charge 25 for a glass of billecart salmon rose. You charge 22 for veuve? Unreasonable. In Palanga.
It could be a little bit warmer in spa zone..
Perfect spa zone, relaxing atmosphere, tasty breakfast. And thank you for the birthday surprise !


text:
Miller, John Paul, 1918-2013
http://id.loc.gov/rwo/agents/nr2003021111
Organization: Cleveland Institute of Art
Huntington, W.Va.
John Paul Miller Label from public data source Wikidata
Miller, John Paul, 1918-
found: Interviews of Ohio artists, 1975-1979:(John Paul Miller; metalsmith; Cleveland, Ohio)
found: WW in Amer. art, 1993-94:(Miller, John Paul; jeweler, instructor; b. Apr. 23, 1918)
found: RLIN July 22, 2003:(hdg.: Miller, John Paul, 1918-)
found: Society of North American Goldsmiths website, July 15, 2013 :Posted by SNAG Office on March 7th, 2013 (John Paul Miller, the revered Cleveland Institute of Art professor passed away last weekend at the age of 94. Miller was born in Huntingdon, PA, in April 1918.)
found: Wikipedia, July 15, 2013(John Paul Miller (23 April 1918 Huntington, West Virginia-1 March 2013 Cleveland, Ohio) was a noted American jewellery designer and goldsmith, who also produced films, photographs and paintings.)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Maxi Cosi Luna Pro 2019 is a Fully Harnessed Forward Facing Car Seat suitable from 6 months through to 8 years (approximately). Updating the Luna Car Seat with 2019 fashion has given an improved fit & finish and updated branding.
The Maxi Cosi Luna uses 'Cool Baby' wicking fabric that draws the moisture away from little ones. This means that this car seat will stop babies from getting too hot when they are strapped in.


text:
"Can't Give You Anything (But My Love)" is a 1975 single by The Stylistics. It reached number one for three weeks in the UK in August 1975.

After splitting from record producer Thom Bell in 1974, songwriters/producers Hugo & Luigi and George David Weiss took over, with arrangements by Van McCoy. Although the split with Bell negatively affected the group in the US, The Stylistics continued to be popular in the UK and this was their first and only UK number one single. The track reached number 51 on the US Billboard Hot 100, and number 18 on the corresponding US R&B chart.

Chart performance

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Thomas Anders version

The cover version by Thomas Anders was the second single off his second album, Whispers. The single included versions in both English and Spanish ("Más que amor").

Track listings
7" single EastWest 9031-75025-7 (Warner), 08.1991
 "Can't Give You Anything (But My Love)" – 4:10
 "Más que amor" – 4:09

12" Single EastWest 9031-76005-0 (Warner), 08.1991
 'Can't Give You Anything (But My Love)" (Basic Love Mix) – 5:07
 "Más que amor" (Spanish Club Mix) – 5:09
 "Can't Give You Anything (But My Love)" (Instrumental Groove Mix) – 5:11

CD-Maxi EastWest 9031-75026-2 (Warner), 08.1991
 "Can't Give You Anything (But My Love)" (Radio version) – 4:10
 "Can't Give You Anything (But My Love)" (Extended version) — 6:43
 "Más que amor" (Extended version) — 6:44
 "Más que amor" — 4:09

Chart positions
The single stayed five weeks on the German charts, from October 14 to November 24, 1991, peaking at number 73.

Credits
 Producer: Mike Paxman and Paul Muggleton
 Publisher: Music Sales Crop, Melodie der Welt MV
 Mix: Mark "Tufte" Evans
 Lyrics: George David Weiss
 Spanish lyrics: Gómez y Argandoña G.
 Music: George David Weiss
 Chorus: Judie Tzuke, Paul Muggleton, Don Snow, Deborah Robson

See also
List of number-one singles from the 1970s (UK)

References

Further reading

External links

1975 singles
The Stylistics songs
Songs written by Hugo Peretti
Songs written by Luigi Creatore
Songs written by George David Weiss
UK Singles Chart number-one singles
Irish Singles Chart number-one singles
1975 songs
1991 singles
Thomas Anders songs
Avco Records singles

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: How to iterate through a fixed tridimensional matrix efficiently (java) As part of a program I'm building I need to iterate through all the points in a tridimensional matrix.
On each point I need to execute a method that takes int x, int y, int z as parameters.
The tridimensional matrix always has the same width(16) length(16) & height(256).
What is the most performant way of doing the iteration?(i'm specially concerned about CPU, not so concerned about ram usage)
Based on what i know , I think this are the most efficient methods, but I'm open to other suggestions if they are faster.
A. Iterate directly:
public void doSomethingForAllPointsInMatrix(Matrix matrix){
  for(int x= 0; x<16; x++){
    for(int z = 0; z<16; z++){
      for(int y = 0; y<256; y++){
        matrix.doSomething(x,y,z);//A method out of my control without any alternatives
      }
    }
  }
}

B. Iterate an array containing the coordinates
private static final int[] zeroToFifteen; //Contains every number from 0 to 15
private static final int[] zeroToTwoHundredFiftyFive; //Contains every number from 0 to 255
public void doSomethingForAllPointsInMatrix(Matrix matrix){
  for(int x: zeroToFifteen){
    for(int z: zeroToFifteen){
      for(int y: zeroToTwoHundredFiftyFive){
        matrix.doSomething(x,y,z);//A method out of my control without any alternatives
      }
    }
  }
}

Thanks in advance for any help you can provide!

A: A counting loop is already one of the most efficient iteration mechanisms.
Your idea to incorporate an array indicates that you are not aware that the for-each loop over an array is just syntactic sugar for a counting loop over the indices from zero to the array length.
In other words, your
public void doSomethingForAllPointsInMatrix(Matrix matrix){
  for(int x: zeroToFifteen){
    for(int z: zeroToFifteen){
      for(int y: zeroToTwoHundredFiftyFive){
        matrix.doSomething(x,y,z);//A method out of my control without any alternatives
      }
    }
  }
}

is basically equivalent to
  public void doSomethingForAllPointsInMatrix(Matrix matrix){
    for(int index1 = 0; index1 < zeroToFifteen.length; index1++){
      int x = zeroToFifteen[index1];
      for(int index2 = 0; index2 < zeroToFifteen.length; index2++){
        int z = zeroToFifteen[index2];
        for(int index3 = 0; index3 < zeroToTwoHundredFiftyFive.length; index3++){
          int y = zeroToTwoHundredFiftyFive[index3];
          matrix.doSomething(x,y,z);//A method out of my control without any alternatives
        }
      }
    }
  }

differing from the counting loop of your first approach only by doing additional array operations, which is very unlikely to improve the performance.
Since your bounds are powers of two, you could do the entire operation with a single loop
public void doSomethingForAllPointsInMatrix(Matrix matrix) {
  for(int coord = 0; coord < 0x10000; coord++) {
    matrix.doSomething(coord >> 12, coord & 0xff, (coord >> 8)&0xf);
  }
}

reducing the number of conditionals. However, the actual performance depends on what the JVM's optimizer makes out of it and it might be that it can deal better with the nested loops.
So you can only try and benchmark the approaches, to find "the best", whereas "the best" may be different, depending on the system and the JVM implementation/version.
As said in the comments, the performance is likely dominated by whatever doSomething does and if the processing order is not important for your program logic, you should try with alternative iteration orders, as it may affect how the caches are utilized.


text:
Q: how do I append an stdClass Object I have an stdClass Object like generated by joomla like this
$db->setQuery($sql);
$schoollist = $db->loadObjectList();

And the $schoollist variable contains the following stdClass Objects
stdClass Object ( [id] => 1 [col1] => blabla [col2] => 5 [col3] => 208 )
stdClass Object ( [id] => 2 [col1] => test1 [col2] => 1 [col3] => 52 )

and I need to add another "column" after the query as [col4] => dsdads , so the result will be like this
stdClass Object ( [id] => 1 [col1] => blabla [col2] => 5 [col3] => 208 [col4] => 208)
stdClass Object ( [id] => 2 [col1] => test1 [col2] => 1 [col3] => 52 [col4] => 208)

how can I do this?

A: Simply set a new field:
$object->col4 = $value;

If you need dynamic field names:
$object->$fieldName = $value;

A: RE dynamic field names.
These should be defined as such.
$object->{$fieldName} = $value;


text:
A divided Land Part 2 - Northumbria AD 598 to 616
The Kingdom of Northumbria is born (continued)
by Richard Denning
In my previous article I covered the very early days of the fledgling Kingdoms, Bernicia and Deira that would one day become Northumbria. We saw how they survived the threats from Rheged, Strathclyde and Manau Gododdin and at the great battle of Catreath in A.D. 597 defeated them. This though is not the end of the story for enemies remained.
This time are the darkest years of the darkages. Documentation is scanty and interpretation difficult. What follows is an attempt at taking the story forward but the reader should be aware that we are still looking at a period where it is very hard to be certain of anything.
The Aftermath of Catreath
The battle of Catreath in 597 saw the Northumbrians crush the northern British. (an alliance of Deira and Bernicia being forged for the battle seems most likely BUT some historians suggest Deira might have backed the British but there is little or no evidence for this). It seems though that Bernicia was the stronger and certainly came out of this period the more dominant partner. This left a strong Bernicia and a weaker Deira surrounded by defeated British lands.
Aelle the old king of Deira died around 599 and it appears that a son, or possibly brother, Aethelric becomes king. Aethelric is remembered by later commentators as being weak and ineffective. He may well have agreed to help Bernicia in its campaigns and a princess of the Deiran royal line, Asha marries Aethelfrith in the early 7th century. (See later)
Bernicia expands in the north.
Aethelfrith the ambitious king of Bernicia soon began expanding into to former lands of Strathclydge, Rheged and the Goddodin. These are brought to heel quickly.Further away, however, there were two races that posed a threat to the expanding Angles.North of the Firth of Forth were the lands of the Picts whom even the Romans never defeated. Along the west coast of what we today call Scotland, the Irish Scots of Dal-Riata had colonised and settled. Their king, Aedann Mac Gabrhrain was strong and had been expanding himself and represented a serious threat to Aethelfrith. It seems that a diplomatic mission is sent from Dal Riata to Bernicia around AD 600. This mission would be a disaster and lead to war.
Aethelfrith kills two Irish Princes
We do not know the exact circumstances of what happened. However we know that Mac Gabhrain sent two of his sons, Domanghast and Bran to meet Aethelfrith. Accompanying them was another nobleman called Herring. Herring was in fact a former prince of Bernicia and was exiled around the time Aethelfrith came to the throne. So it is likely that Herring had once attempted a coup, failed and was forced to flee Bernicia. Did Aethelfrith see the presence of Herring in the Irish party as a threat, evidence of an alliance?
Battle Of Degsastan AD 603
Whatever he thought it seems that at least one of Aedann Mac Gabhrain's sons was killed, possibly both. Herring fled to Aedann with the news. This incident galvanised not only the Scots of Dal Riata BUT allowed Aedann to persuade Strathclyde and maybe the Picts to rally to his flag. They came together at a place recorded by the historian Bede as "Degsastan". The location of this battelfield is not known with certainty BUT it has been probably identified with Dawstone in Liddsdale in the Scottish Borders.
According to Bede's account in his Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (Book I, chapter 34), Æthelfrith had won many victories against the Britons and was expanding his power and territory, and this concerned Áedán, who led "an immense and mighty army" against Æthelfrith. Although Æthelfrith had the smaller army, Bede reports that almost all of Áedán's army was slain, and Áedán himself fled. After this defeat, according to Bede, the Irish kings in Britain would not make war against the English again, right up to Bede's own time (130 years later).
Aethelfrith turns south AD 604
Degsastan now removed the threat on Bernicia's north and west and so it seems that at this time Aethelfrith turned his eyes south to Deira (the other half of what will become Northumbria). It seems that the weak and possibly elderly king Aethelric was king in Deira at this time. Either by invasion or some sort of power play Aethelfrith takes over Deira around 604. Aethelric is killed (or dies).
Princes in Exile
The remaining Deiran royal housed fled into exile. This included Aelle younger son, Edwin and Aethelric's son Hereric. Edwin goes into extended exile in Mercia (where he marries a princess) and also in the Welsh land of Gwynedd.
Aethelfrith secured his position by marrying Asha, sister to Prince Edwin and in so doing uniting the two houses. The future king Oswald is born of this union. Some versions suggest that he may have already been married to Asha and took advantage of a weak king to move in. Aethelfrith may have already been married at this time to a Bebba a Pict princess. It is unclear if she was already dead by the time he married Asha. Another possibility is that Asha is his first wife and Bebba his second. We really don't know.
Battle of Chester AD 614
The Battle of Chester AD 614.
Over the next decade Aethelfrith was fairly quiet – and was probably consolidating the gains in land his earlier reign had brought. However, in about 614, he is again on the move and leads an army west to Chester. It appears that Edwin had not been idle and had perhaps managed to unite the Welsh kingdoms of Gwynedd and Powys, possibly with Mercia, in an alliance that now threatened Aethelfrith. The results was a battle at Chester. The only feature we know is that supposedly a large number of monks from a nearby monastery came to pray for British victory over the Northumbrian army and were slaughtered by Aethelfrith. The result of this battle was that Edwin and Hereic was again on the road and trying to find allies. Hereric is soon afterwards poisoned in Elmet, a British land the princes take shelter in, probably under the orders of Elmet's king who is trying to appease Aethelfrith..
Aethelfrith's luck runs out AD 616
In around 616 Edwin ends up in East Anglia in the court of the then overlord of the Saxon's, Redwald. Aethelfrith sent offers to pay Redwald if he would kill Edwin. Instead Redwald agrees to send an army with Edwin to attempt to defeat Aethelfrith. At the battle of the River Idle, in 616, Edwin is finally victorious and Aethelfrith's luck runs out and he is slain.
King Redwald's Helmet
The Tables are turned
Edwin becomes king in Northumbria and Aethelfrith's son Oswald flees to the north with his brothers and kin. The tables are turned and Aethelfrith's line is now in exile – for the next 16 years.
Edwin goes on to build on the foundation that Aethelfrith laid. I will cover what happens next in another article.
Child of Loki
The time period of this article is the same as my novel Child of Loki, the sequel to The Amber Treasure and a future book, Princes in Exile. Child of Loki should be published in early 2012.
A divided land ... a divided family.
The Battle of Catraeth has been won and Cerdic's homeland is safe ... but for how long?
The Northern British were crushed but yet more enemies have risen to replace them.
Soon Cerdic and his friends must go to war again - against the Scots and Picts north of Hadrian's wall. He goes to help his country's allies - the Bernicians - under their great warlord, Aethelfrith.
But what is Aethelfrith's true design? How ambitious is he and how far will he go to fulfil his dreams? And what is Cerdic's treacherous half brother, Hussa up to in these fierce wild lands?
All Cerdic wants is to be left to live out his life in peace.
But Loki, it seems, has other ideas.
Posted by Richard Denning at 11:57 PM
Labels: Aethelfrith, Child of Loki, Richard Denning
Helen Hollick December 5, 2011 at 4:55 AM
Nice article Richard - love the images! (and love the cover for child of Loki - is it another Cathy Helms of www.avalongraphics.org by chgance?
carol December 5, 2011 at 7:15 AM
I loved this. Did you know that Kas. Ishiguru (apologise that spelling of his name is so out) is writing a novel set in the transition period after the Romans left Britain! I heard it from his own mouth at last year's London Book Fair.
Richard Denning December 5, 2011 at 9:08 AM
Helen- thanks .
Yes the cover is by Cathy.
Carol - NO I had not heard about thay book. I will keep an eye out for it.
Sophia Rose December 5, 2011 at 12:41 PM
That was a good read and such a learning experience for me. Aethelfrith seemed a pretty ambitious and smart military leader to be taking on all the others around him and winning. I wonder if the exiled Herring had something to do with those Irish princes' deaths. He had a battleax to grind.
Appreciate the post! I've got The Amber Room on my list of books to read.
Well strawhed is supposed represent a celt then you obviously havent been to wales.
Because i think you be hard pused to loads like,why well because they have brown and ginger hair.
Regency Era Wallpaper, or Decorating your Drawing ...
Writing Another Gender, Another Time
The Secrets of a Saxon King
The Great Frost Fair of 1814
Giveaway~ The Queen's Envoy
Almack's - it's not quite what you think...
Monarchy~ The Dark Ages House of Wessex
800 Years of Christmas in England
The History of Gingerbread
EQUINE PORTRAITISTS: Capturing the Obsession of th...
Scourge of Europe: The Religious Hysteria Created ...
A Victorian Christmas Carol
Giveaway: Montfort The Early Years 1229 to 1243
WINTER WONDERLAND: Icy fun in Norman London
From the "Hints to Grown Sportsmen"
Richard II and His Double
Bloody Deeds at Tewkesbury
Giveaway: Montfort The Early Years 1229 to 1243 Ki...
The Lost Houses of England
English Folk Music Part 2
Writing Credible Historical Dialogue
Richard the Lionhearted and His Holy Grail
Marriage in 17th C England
London in the early 19th century
Waltzing during the English Regency? Preposterous!
Giveaway~ George in London
Social Classes of Victorian England by Marie Higgins
The Mysterious Death of King William the Second
Scotland's Nostradamus: The Brahan Seer


Amber: "That's embarrassing. Polyester? I like anything from the 60s, 70s, it's always changing."
Just slightly blurry from trying to take the picture while Amber and Elliot kept on the move. Love Amber's hair and her cute orange 60s top. Elliot is a sharped dressed toddler too, she should keep that bold mixing of color and patterns up.
This makes me want something in orange.


text:
Q: Select all DIVs with specific class including subdivs using REGEX in JavaScript only I want to select DIV(s) with specific class and all its content even if its includes another DIV elements. I cannot find any good regex for this in JS.
The code below should return 2 DIVs.

var content = document.querySelector('textarea').value;
var matches = content.match(/
(.*?)<\/div>/g);
console.log(matches);
textarea {
  width: 100%;
  height: 200px;
}
<textarea>

TEST

Another inner div

Some text

Another text

Another inner div

TEST

Some text

</textarea>

Or for testing also: https://regex101.com/r/5TEMRq/1

A: I'm not sure why you want to parse it using regex. I would recommend using the more specific DOM methods MDN to fetch it as below

//var content = document.querySelector('body').innerHTML;
//var matches = content.match(/
(.
//*?)//<\/div>/g);
var content=document.getElementsByClassName('custom');
var conent2 =document.querySelector('.custom')
console.log(content);
console.log(conent2);

TEST

Another inner div

Some text

Another text

Another inner div

TEST

Some text

A: Regex is not the solution for your problem. You can only use a regex solution if your div is just a flat level and does not have any embedded div.
If that's the case then your regex would work.
However, if you have nested divs then a better approach is to use xhtml parser using a xpath or xquery selector and use an expression like this:
//div[@class="custom"]

A: You can simply do this:

document.getElementsByClassName('custom');

TEST

Another inner div

Some text

Another text

Another inner div

TEST

Some text


text:
<!--
  ~ Copyright (c) 2017 Evolveum and contributors
  ~
  ~ This work is dual-licensed under the Apache License 2.0
  ~ and European Union Public License. See LICENSE file for details.
  -->
<role oid="aaede614-581c-11e7-91bf-db837eb406b7"
        xmlns="http://midpoint.evolveum.com/xml/ns/public/common/common-3"
        xmlns:c="http://midpoint.evolveum.com/xml/ns/public/common/common-3"
        xmlns:t="http://prism.evolveum.com/xml/ns/public/types-3"
        xmlns:q="http://prism.evolveum.com/xml/ns/public/query-3"
        xmlns:icfs="http://midpoint.evolveum.com/xml/ns/public/connector/icf-1/resource-schema-3"
        xmlns:piracy="http://midpoint.evolveum.com/xml/ns/samples/piracy">
    <name>All Loot</name>
    <inducement>
        <targetRef>
            <filter>
                <q:equal>
                    <q:path>roleType</q:path>
                    <q:value>loot</q:value>
                </q:equal>
            </filter>
            <resolutionTime>run</resolutionTime>
        </targetRef>
    </inducement>
</role>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Stylaster californicus è un idrozoo della famiglia Stylasteridae.

Habitat e distribuzione
Oceano Pacifico orientale.

Note

Bibliografia

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Anthoathecata
Biologia marina


text:
Mythimna evoei is een vlinder uit de familie van de uilen (Noctuidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1974 door Laporte.

Mythimna


text:
Q: How to consume an Observable multiple times? I am new to Angular and RxJS. I wonder what is the best/correct way to consume a value from an Observable multiple times.
My setup:
I have a component which calls a service which uses a REST service.
After the server returns the result I want to

*

*use this result in the service at hand

*AND return the result to the component.

// foo.component.ts

onEvent() {
    this.fooService.foo()
        .subscribe((data: FooStatus) => doSomething());
}

// foo.service.ts

private lastResult: FooStatus;

constructor(protected http: HttpClient) {
}

foo(): Observable<FooResult> {
    return this.http.get('/foo')
        .map((data: FooStatus) => {
            this.lastResult = data; // use the data...
            return data;            // ... and simply pass it through
        });
}

Using subscribe() multiple times will not work because the request would be send multiple times. This is wrong.
At the moment I use map() to intercept the result. But I am not comfortable with this because I introduce a side effect. Seems like a code smell to me.
I experimented with
foo(onSuccess: (result: FooResult) => void, onFailure: () => void): void {
    ...
}

but this looks even worse, I loose the Observable magic. And I do not want to have to write these callbacks in every service method myself.
As another way I considered the call to subscribe() in the service and then to create a fresh Observable I then can return to the component. But I could not get it work... seemed to complicated, too.
Is there a more elegant solution?
Is there a helpful method on Observable I did miss?

A: There are a number of ways to do this, and the answer will depend on your usage.
This codepen https://codepen.io/mikkel/pen/EowxjK?editors=0011
// interval observer
// click streams from 3 buttons
console.clear()
const startButton = document.querySelector('#start')
const stopButton = document.querySelector('#stop')
const resetButton = document.querySelector('#reset')

const start$ = Rx.Observable.fromEvent(startButton, 'click')
const stop$ = Rx.Observable.fromEvent(stopButton, 'click')
const reset$ = Rx.Observable.fromEvent(resetButton, 'click')

const minutes = document.querySelector('#minutes')
const seconds = document.querySelector('#seconds')
const milliseconds = document.querySelector('#milliseconds')

const toTime = (time) => ({
  milliseconds: Math.floor(time % 100),
  seconds: Math.floor((time/100) % 60),
  minutes: Math.floor(time / 6000)
})

const pad = (number) => number <= 9 ? ('0' + number) : number.toString()

const render = (time) => {
  minutes.innerHTML = pad(time.minutes)
  seconds.innerHTML = pad(time.seconds)
  milliseconds.innerHTML = pad(time.milliseconds)
}

const interval$ = Rx.Observable.interval(10)

const stopOrReset$ = Rx.Observable.merge(
    stop$,
    reset$
)

const pausible$ = interval$
   .takeUntil(stopOrReset$)
const init = 0
const inc = acc => acc+1
const reset = acc => init

const incOrReset$ = Rx.Observable.merge(
    pausible$.mapTo(inc),
    reset$.mapTo(reset)
)

app$ = start$
      .switchMapTo(incOrReset$)
      .startWith(init)
      .scan((acc, currFunc) => currFunc(acc))
      .map(toTime)
      .subscribe(val => render(val))

You will notice that the reset$ observable is used in two other observables, incOrReset$ and stopOrReset$
You can also introduce a .multicast() operator, which will explicitly allow you to subscribe multiple times. See description here: https://www.learnrxjs.io/operators/multicasting/

A: Take a look at share, it allows you to share a single subscription to the underlying source. You could do something like the following (it's not tested, but should give you the idea):
private lastResult: FooStatus;
private fooObs: Observable<FooStatus>;
constructor(protected http: HttpClient) {
    this.fooObs =  this.http.get('/foo').share();
    this.fooObs.subscribe(((data: FooStatus) => this.lastResult = data);
}

foo(): Observable<FooResult> {
    return this.fooObs.map(toFooResult);
}

A: as mentioned by @Mikkel in his answer that approach is cool however you can make use of following methods from Observable and achieve this.
these important methods are publishReplay and refCount,
use them as below,
private lastResult: FooStatus;
private myCachedObservable : Observble<FooResult> = null;

constructor(protected http: HttpClient) {
}

foo(): Observable<FooResult> {

    if(!myCachedObservable){
       this.myCachedObservable = this.http.get('/foo')
        .map((data: FooStatus) => {
            this.lastResult = data; // use the data...
            return data;            // ... and simply pass it through
        })
       .publishReplay(1)
       .refCount();
       return this.myObsResponse;
    } else{
    return this.myObsResponse;
    }
}

Now in your component simply subscribe the observable returned from your method as above and notice the network request, you will see only one network request being made for this http call.


text:
OVER 450 People Attending | HAC & CTMS 2013
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Patrice Basille
Executive Vice President & General Manager| Brookstreet Hotel Corp
A fourth generation hotelier with global hospitality experience and an active participant in Canada's tourism industry. He has lead Brookstreet Hotel from its construction in 2001 to become a successful, recognized and highly reputable independent hotel company. Brookstreet success and solid foundation are based on open communication, innovative human resource management, an enthusiastic S.P.I.C.I.E.R culture and high-spirited community involvement. Through his leadership, Brookstreet has been rewarded with numerous awards including the 2007, H.A.C Human Resources Award of Excellence, the C.T.H.R.C.A Award for Excellence in Human Resources Development and has been ranked as one of Ottawa's Top 10 Best Employer, four years in a row.
Patrice S. Basille is the recipient of the 2008, Pinnacle Hotelier of the Year Award. In 2011, he was awarded the Medaille de Chevalier de l'Ordre du Mérite Agricole, a French Government recognition for his career in the Hotel Industry. In 2012, he was presented with the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal in recognition of his contribution to Canada.
Patrice will be speaking on...
Session: A2: WHen Millennials Go To Work For Boombers, GEN X's and Y'ERS
Room: Johnston


I like this letter of mine in The Langley Times.
Editor: Stephen Harper's callous attitude towards drug-addicted people continues to be thwarted by the facts. The B.C. Court of Appeal has ruled that Insite — Vancouver's supervised injection facility — will remain open, despite the federal government's objections.
Research has shown that since Insite opened its doors, there has been a large reduction in public drug use, syringe sharing, and discarded syringes. Research has also shown a reduction in the transmission of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis.
In addition, since Insite opened more addicted people are seeking treatment and information on detox services. Even further, there has been no increase in public drug dealing and no increase in drug use or drug-related crime.
But Mr. Harper is not one to let the facts get in the way. He is now appealing the B.C. court's decision to the Supreme Court of Canada. Yet the facts are already in.
But this is not about efficacy, it is about elections. Mr. Harper has run on a "tough on crime" platform. That platform looks awfully foolish if harm reduction sites like Insite actually work.
So he is trying to shut it down before people realize that it does work. He is willing to kill hundreds of addicted people, and help to increase the transmission of HIV/AIDS, if it helps him get a majority government.
He has already introduced Bill C-15 that is guaranteed to increase gang violence. This would also help his "tough on crime" platform.
Insite should be a source of national pride. We are helping addicted people get off drugs, reducing crime, and reducing harm. Many countries are looking to us as leaders in harm reduction.
But Mr. Harper is not interested in actually solving problems. He is content in making problems worse, if it helps him win elections. We have a sadist for a prime minister.
Please write your local papers and remind the public that those who push the "tough on crime" agenda actually need crime to win elections. It's clear that this prime minister is willing to sacrifice the lives of IV drug users because he considers them problems, not people. The Insite fight is an opportunity to expose the "real" Harper.


Describes how Animation Montage assets work and what they can be used for.
Overview of creating an Animation Montage for use within Blueprints and Animation Blueprints.
Outlines how you can edit and set up the parameters that drive your Animation Montage asset.
Describes how Animation Montages can be played back at runtime.


Today I want to express how thankful I am to Guiding Eyes for the Blind – the puppy raisers, instructors and those that donate. My husband David has gotten three guide dogs from there and it is amazing what they do.
I love watching his current guide dog, Michael, put his head in the harness when it's time to go somewhere. His tail wags – yet he takes his job very seriously. Together, David and Michael move with confidence and grace. They face some of life's greatest challenges and come out on the other side glowing like a rainbow after a storm.
I am so thankful for all who make this possible.