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Edison's Environment: The Great Inventor Was Also A Great Polluter
Edison's Environment: The Great Inventor Was Also A Great Polluter - George J. Hill, M.D., M.A., D. Litt..
"Thomas Edison is acclaimed as the 'Wizard of Menlo Park,' and as Time magazine's 'Man of the Century.' Edison saw himself as a benefactor of humanity. But in this startling new look at Edison, Dr. George J. Hill suggests that the price of invention was serious industrial pollution and other environmental costs. Meadows, ponds, and forest disappeared to make way for Edison's laboratories, factories, and mining operation; water and soil pollution were rife, and the health consequences for workers and residents were severe.
"Dr. Hill is the first author to offer a comprehensive look at Edison's impact on the environment. Edison's Environment examines the inventor's interactions — as expressed in his life, thought and career — with the natural world, and traces the development of environmental consciousness in the views of Edison and his contemporaries. He explores the fundamental debate about how we should judge the actions and ethics of past generations. In so doing, George Hill has written one of the most novel and original works on Edison to appear in a generation." – Mark Edward Lender, Ph.D. A bibliography and a full-name, place and subject index add to the value of this work.
About the Author: George J. Hill, M.D., D.Litt., is Professor of Surgery Emeritus at New Jersey Medical School – Rutgers University. He is the author of more than a dozen books and over 200 papers and articles on medicine and history. This is the third edition of his book on Edison's Environment.
2017, 6x9, paper, index, 532 pp.
101-H5765 ISBN: 0788457659


I meet Paul Greci when I first started going to the ALAN Workshop back in 2003. For fifteen years I have been looking forward to seeing Paul and to having a brief chat. Then, one year, Paul had a YA book of his own, Surviving Bear Island. He has a long and successful career has an educator and youth advocate.
I was able to score an early copy of his new book, The Wild Lands. It is a wonderful example of a post-apocalyptic adventure. Think Neal Shusterman's Dry and a host of others. I think Greci's newest book should not be ignored. If you have students that like an outdoor adventure then you should be introducing them to Greci's books. Think Gary Paulson, Ben Michaelson, and bit of James Dashner.
To top it all off, Paul is a great outdoor photographer. Browsing his Facebook page you will find some beautiful outdoor photography. However, only spend time browsing the photos after you order a copy of the book. Below, you will find an interview with Paul. In addition, you will find some of the recent reviews that anticipated the book's release.
Don't Paul and Dana look thrilled to have this book in the world? Why shouldn't they, this book is great!
Book Reviews for The Wild Lands.


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Home biography Timo Werner Biography
Timo Werner Biography
Facts of Timo Werner Biography
Günther Schuh
Sabine Werner
$ 3 million (Estimated)
Blonde/Black
https://www.facebook.com/TimoWerner
https://www.instagram.com/timowerner/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timo_Werner
https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9331884/
Relationship Statistics of Timo Werner
What is Timo Werner marital status ? ( married,single, in relation or divorce):
How many children does Timo Werner have ? (name):
Is Timo Werner having any relationship affair ?:
Is Timo Werner Lesbian ? No
Timo Werner is currently in a relationship with Julia Nagler. The pair has been dating for several years. There is no further information about this relationship.
Who is Timo Werner?
Timo Werner is a German expert footballer. At present, he plays as a forward for RB Leipzig and furthermore for the Germany national group. He made his introduction for Germany in 2017.
Timo Werner's Initial Life, Adolescence, and Education
Werner was conceived in Stuttgart, Germany on Walk 6, 1996, to guardians Günther Schuh and Sabine Werner. He ended up inspired by the universe of football since his youth years. He is of German nationality. Moreover, there are no subtle elements accessible with respect to his ethnic foundation at present. Talking about his instruction, Werner completed his secondary school training before committing his profession to football.
Timo Werner's Vocation, Compensation and Net Worth
Werner was at first an institute graduate of VfB Stuttgart. He scored 24 objectives amid the 2012-13 season and won the Gold U-17 Fritz Walter Decoration in 2013. Also, in a match against PFC Botev Plovdiv, he made his senior presentation in the 2013– 14 UEFA Europa League. He marked an expert contract with VfB Stuttgart on his eighteenth birthday celebration. In the long run, he marked to a four-year contract with RB Leipzig on 11 June 2016. Besides, he completed the 2016– 17 Bundesliga season with 21 goals. Talking about his expert vocation, Werner spoke to Germany at youth level. He played for the U15, U16, U17, U19 and U21 groups. With everything taken into account, he scored 34 objectives in 48 matches. Likewise, he turned into a piece of the Germany team. The group completed sprinter up in the 2012 UEFA European Under-17 Title. Moreover, he won the competition's Brilliant Boot in the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup. Werner has not uncovered his present compensation. In any case, he has an expected total assets of around $ 3 million at present.
Timo Werner's Gossipy tidbits and Controversy
Werner turned out to be a piece of a punishment debate after he jumped to win a punishment in a 2-1 prevail upon Schalke. As of late, there was talk which proposed that he may sign for English club Liverpool in the coming future.
Timo Werner's Body Measurements
Talking about his body estimation, Werner has a tallness of 1.81 m. Furthermore, he weighs around 75 kg. Moreover, his hair shading is blonde and eye shading is light brown.
Werner is dynamic over the online networking. He has an enormous number of adherents on person to person communication locales, for example, Facebook and Instagram. He has in excess of 330k devotees on Instagram. Correspondingly, his Facebook page has in excess of 115k followers. References: (bundesliga.com, transfermarkt.com, foxsports.com, theguardian.com) Updated On Wed Oct 10 2018 Published On Wed Oct 10 2018 By Married Bio

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Synkroniseret til FraMeSToR's REMUX. Tak til Firewalker.dk.
made by QoQ, New sync by nachoman. Great work QoQ!
❤❤ I improved subtitle to make it matching well with the dialogue. Onomatopoeia and Hearing Impaired removed. Spell checked. Added Missing Words.
This was GB (British English) spell checked and synced, for 1080p mkv/mp4 bluray of the film: Blade Runner 2049 (2017). but should work on others as such.. SRT Format.
TRANSLATING PLATFORM to other languages. Texts on screen are included in this edit from the original sub made by explosiveskull.
HI removed. Fits on all BluRay sources.
Edited Blade.Runner.2049.2017.1080p.BluRay.AVC.TrueHD.7.1.Atmos-FGT .sup HI to .srt non HI, kept italics. Thanks to FGT & Scene!
SDH. Ripped from sub/idx. Fix OCR errors. Spell checked. Works on BluRay/BRRiP/BDRiP versions.
NON-SDH. Ripped from sub/idx. Fix OCR errors. Spell checked. Works on BluRay/BRRiP/BDRiP versions.
Colored HI subs. Works with all BluRay versions...Rate the Subs!
HI subs. Works with all BluRay versions...Rate the Subs!
Retail COLORED SDH.Perfectly synced.Works for all 720p & 1080p BluRay. Just download & enjoy. Before you go, plz don't forget to rate it.
Retail SDH. Perfectly synced.Works for all 720p & 1080p BluRay. Just download & enjoy. Before you go, plz don't forget to rate it.
Retail SDH.Perfectly synced.Works for all 720p & 1080p BluRay. Just download & enjoy. Before you go, plz don't forget to rate it.
COLORED SDH. Works for BluRay encodes.
SDH. Works for BluRay encodes.
SDH Removed. Works for BluRay encodes.
ST forcés seuls ! Fichier SRT en UTF8, 23.976 fps. Convient à toute release bluray, 3D comprise. Il peut y avoir une très légère correction à faire de quelques millisecondes selon les releases.
Resync : Stt WEB-DL officiels de "MikMak" resynchro avec la version BluRay (+1s); espaces manquants corrigés (avant ponctuation).
La traduction de cette suite fabuleuse, pour vous faire passer de joyeuses fêtes !!! NE PAS REUTILISER, FAITES VOS PROPRES SS-TITRES !
Versi Hearing Impaired. Teks baca di layar termasuk. Diterjemahkan dari subtitle buatan explosiveskull. Edited.
Versi tanpa caption hearing impaired. Subtitle normal.
www.SEBUAH-DONGENG.COM --- www.IDFL.ME --- IG @paint_lapain REQUEST SUBTITLE & IKLAN ---- Rekues Subtitle Berbayar oleh "Ananda Halim S" ----- WA 081802180085 -------------------------------- email IDFL.Forum@gmail.com ----- No Resync, no Hardsubs, no Mirroring to other site !!!
Found. Thanks to originals authors and uploaders.
http://cineaste.co.kr/bbs/board.php?bo_table=psd_caption&wr_id=1067473 블레이드 러너 2049 (Blade Runner 2049, 2017) 2017.12.20.18:40 cliche Blade.Runner.2049.Kor.smi (106.5K) WebVTT 변환 * 아직 영상이 배포 전이라 변환만 한 자막입니다. * WEB-DL은 26일에 배포될 예정. * 영상 나오거든 맞춰 보세요. * HDTS 같은 캠코더 영상에 맞춰 보는 건 말리고 싶네요, 잘 맞지도 않을뿐더러 그런 퀄리티로 감상할 영화는 아닙니다.
MALAYSIA SUBBERS CREW. Tidaklah terbaik pada mata manusia. Tapi aku sudah cuba yang terbaik.
Running time: 02.43.26. Oversatt til norsk og synket til 23.976 FPS. Sjekket hele oversettelsen 3 ganger.
Mọi bản quyền đều thuộc World subtitle team, mình chỉ thêm phần giới thiệu chuyện phim (0:00:52.00 - 0:01:47.00).
OCR từ EUR Blu-ray. Phụ đề dịch bởi: Geniux Ngô. Nếu film có đoạn intro của Warner Bros (US Blu-ray) thì delay 14098ms.


text:
M-1 Challenge 56: Ramazan Emeev Says he Knows "Pros and Cons" of Vyacheslav Vasilevsky
Ramazan Emeev (left) (photo via M-1 Global)
Ramazan Emeev continues to prepare for his upcoming, April 10th bout with M-1 Challenge Middleweight champ Vyacheslav Vasilevsky, who took the title from him last September.
The stoppage defeat, which came in the fourth round at M-1 Challenge 51, ended Emeev's eight fight winning streak and dropped his overall record to 11-3.
In a recent press release sent out from the promotion, here is some of what Emeev had to say about Vasilevsky and their upcoming rematch.
"I understand that I need solid conditioning and endurance to fight Vasilevsky. I had to be ready, not only for five rounds, but for seven," said Emeev, when asked about the changes he's made in his training. "Other than that everything was the same. I don't have a game plan, yet, but we'll discuss it when it's closer to the fight. Now, I do only routine training."
"I have a powerful motivation – to take back my belt and retrieve what was taken from me," the 27 year-old said when asked to name three things that will help him defeat Vasilevsky this time around. "I have plenty of time for preparation and that is really good. And the last thing is my knowledge. Now, I know him very well, all of his pros and cons."
M-1 Challenge 56 will take place in Moscow, Russia, and the card will be available for viewing in North America at M1Global.tv.
Tags: M-1 Challenge, M-1 Challenge 56, Ramazan Emeev, Vyacheslav Vasilevsky
posted by FCF Staff @ 6:49 pm
Have a comment about this story? Please share with us by filling out the fields below.


text:
PoliticsIndiaIAF prepared to fight at short notice: ACM Bhadauria
IAF prepared to fight at short notice: ACM Bhadauria
The Indian Air Force (IAF) is prepared to fight at "short notice" and is fully ready to respond to any terror strike from Pakistan, Chief of Air Staff Air Chief Marshal Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria said on Friday.
The IAF chief described as "new threat" the dropping of consignments of weapons by drones in border areas of Punjab allegedly by Pakistan-based terror groups and vowed to take "action" to deal with incidents of airspace violation.'
Pakistan despatching weapons via drones to India
At a press conference, Bhadauria said IAF was monitoring the development of military infrastructure by China along the Tibetan region, noting that it was not an issue of great concern. "The IAF is prepared to fight at short notice in full synergy with the other two sister services… Our operational preparedness has been of a very high order," he said.
Bhadauria said the IAF had achieved a number of operational milestones during the last year including the strikes on a terrorist training camp in Pakistan's Balakot. "While we are proud of our past, we do not rest on our past laurels. Our primary focus is to continue to build and maintain effective airpower for the future," he said.
India destroys Jaish hideout in Pakistan's Balakot; Yousuf Azhar, Maulana Masood's kin, 'killed'
Bhadauria reiterated that India had shot down a Pakistani F-16 fighter aircraft in the aerial engagement on 27 February while losing a MiG-21. Pakistan has been denying that India shot down one of its F-16 jets.
Asked whether the IAF was ready for another Balakot-type strike, the Air Chief Marshal said any terror activity or strike from Pakistan would be responded to according to government's directive. "Whatever be the targets, they will be taken care off," he said.
Asked whether Pakistan would be able to block IAF's communication network in future, the Air chief said necessary infrastructure has been put in place to ensure safe radio communication.
Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman, who downed the Pakistani F-16, could not hear radio messages during the aerial combat on 27 February as the communication was jammed by Pakistan. Minutes later his MiG 21 Bison was hit and he was held captive in Pakistan for three days.
IAF pilot in Pakistan custody; enemy F-16 shot down
"They will not be able to hear and jam our communication network," said the IAF chief. On reports that the terrorist training camp in Balakot has been "reactivated", he said, "If we had not carried out the Balakot strikes, then the level of activities would have been in greater intensity."
When asked about incidents of Pakistani terror groups dropping arms in Punjab border using drones, the Air Chief Marshal said, "I would not say it is a very serious threat. It is a new threat. It is not something which we had not anticipated. Some measures were taken already to deal with the situation."
"It is an issue of airspace violation and necessary steps will be taken… Action has been initiated," Bhadauria said. On China building helipads and other military infrastructure along the border, he said IAF was monitoring their infrastructure development. "We are working on our own infrastructure. It is not an issue of some great concern. We know exactly what is happening," he added.
The IAF chief said the induction of new-generation combat aircraft and lethal precision weapons would provide the force with an overwhelming offensive capability to deter and punish the enemy. "Our air defence network has also been strengthened by the induction and integration of modern sensors and weapon systems. We are progressively nearing our goal of establishing a robust network-centric operations capability," he added.
MiG-21 Bison
Namrita death: Pakistan Police buy claim of accused before inquiry ends
Hooda declares rifle, revolver, pistol among assets
Afghanistan: Muslim-Chini bhai-bhai no longer?
Why recession may hit US by March: 5 reasons
China post-lockdown relaxation: What has changed


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The fourth nail in the social media coffin of Alex Jones came when Twitter forever banned the Infowars founder and host. But it is why Twitter suspended Jones that we should pay attention to, because it affects every one of us. Are social media companies banning users because of what they do in "real world" situations and not because of abuse of their platforms?


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Forum Home > Regional History or Period History > African History
African mathematics (fractals)
dennisnist
Quote dennisnist
Quote Reply Topic: African mathematics (fractals)
Posted: 09-Feb-2008 at 11:30
WELCOME, OUR CURRENTLY ACTIVE FORUM HAS MOVED OVER TO:
http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/view/id/198
I found this browsing around and thought it to bee very interesting.
I could dive deeply into my thoughts on how different philosopies of how societies, infrastructure and culture should be built affects africa today. But I just don't have the time now :-(.
Location: Chile
Quote pinguin
Quote Reply Posted: 09-Feb-2008 at 11:38
Quite interesting
"He who attempts to count the stars, not even knowing how to count the knots of the 'quipus'(counting string), ought to be held in derision."
Inca Pachacutec (1438-1471)
It saw it fully now. Very intersting. I recommend to visit the site to open our minds a little bit.
Quote Reply Posted: 02-Mar-2008 at 22:58
I found an article related to the binary code mentioned in the video, which is here.
It is very interesting to look at, and shows clues about a possible origin of the binary code system in the west. The author is the same of the conference above.
http://www.ccru.net/digithype/Afrobinary.htm
digital hyperstition
5. Ron Eglash - Africa in the Origins of Binary Code
"The relationship between what we do as physicists today and the future that our work engenders is dialogical in the sense that not only do our present actions determine what our future will be, but we must be ever mindful of the impact of our present actions on the future... Through our moral responsibility and awareness of signals and trends, we in effect, 'listen' to what the future has to tell us." (Donnell Walton, Chair, National Conference of Black Physics Students 1995.)
While the temporal traditions of African societies were frequently cited by colonialists as evidence for primitive superstition, they appear today in quite the opposite context: mathematical analyses of traditional African designs, techniques and knowledge systems indicate a wide array of sophisticated indigenous inventions. Like Paul Gilroy's fractal Atlantic, Donnel Walton's invocation of African divination traditions- of listening to the future- is not only useful in its call for greater ethical responsibility, but also as a reminder fo the surprising links between traditional knowledge and modern science.
The modern binary code, essential to every digital circuit from alarm locks to super computers, was first introduced by Leibniz around 1670.
Leibniz has been inspired by the binary-based 'logic machine' of Raymond Lull, which was in turn inspired by the alchemists' divination practice fo geomancy (Skinner 1980). But geomancy is Clearly not of European origin. It was first introduced there by Hugo of Santalla in twelfth century Spain and Islamic scholars had been using it in North Africa since at least the 9th century, where it was first documented in written records by the Jewish writer Aran ben Joseph.
Geomancy is traditionally practiced by drawing patterns in the sand. It begins with four sets of random dashed lines. These are paired off (i.e. summed by addition module two), and the even/odd results recorded with two strokes or one stroke. Four of these binary digits represents one of 16 possible divination archetypes (ruler, travel, desire, etc.) Although the first four are generated by this random process, the following 12 are created by recursively applying the same pairing operation on the binary digits making up the four symbols (a process which can be seen in many other areas of African knowledge systems, c.f. Eglash 1995).
The nearly identical system of divination in West Africa associated with Fa and Ifa was first noted by Trautman (1939), but he assumed that geomancy originated in Arabic society, where it is known as ilm alraml ("the science of sand"). The mathematical basis of geomancy is however, strikingly out of place in non-African systems. Like other linguistic codes, number bases tend to have an extremely long historical persistence. The ancient Greeks held 10 to be the most sacred of all numbers; the Kabbalah's Ayin Sof emanates by 10 Sefirot and the Christian west counts on its "Hindu- Arabic" decimal notation.
In ancient Egypt, on the other hand, base 2 calculation was ubiquitous, even for multiplication and division, and Zaslavsky (1973) notes archeological evidence linking it to the use of doubling in the counting systems of sub-Suharan Africa. Kautzsch (1912) notes that both Diodorus Siculus and Oblian reported that the ancient Egyptian priests "employed an image of truth cut in halves."
Doubling is a frequent theme in African divination and many other African knowledge systems, connecting the sacredness of twins, spirit doubles, and double vision with material objects, like the blacksmith's twin bellows and the double iron hoe given in bridewealth. In a recent interview in Wired, Brian Eno claimed that the problem with computers is that they "don't have enough African in them". Eno was, no doubt, trying to be complimentary, saying that adaptive rhythm and flexibility is a valuable attribute of African culture. But in doing so he obscured the cultural origins of digital computing, and did an injustice to the very concept he was trying to convey. Take, for example, Henry Louis Gates' (1988, pp. 30) use of a recursive doubling description when discussing the relations between divination and sexuality in West African traditions:
The Fon and Yoruba escape the Western cersion of discursive sexism throught he action of doubling the double; the number 4 and its multiples are sacred in Yoruba metaphysics. Esu's two sides "disclose a hidden wholeness," rather than closing off unity, through the opposition, they signify the passage from one to the other as sections of a subsumed whole.
The binary coding of traditional African knowledge systems, like that of their antecedents in modern computing networks, is neither rigid nor arhythmic; its beat is a heritage heard by those who listen to the future.
Eglash, R. 'African Influences in Cybernetics." In C.H. Gray (ed) The Cyborg Handbook.
Gates, H.L. The Signifying Monkey.
Gilroy, P. The Black Atlantic.
Kautzsch, T. "Urim", Encylopedia of Religious Knowledge.
Skinner, S. Terrestrial Astrology.
Trautmann, R. "La divination a la Cote des Esclaves et a Madagascar, Le Vodou, le Fa, le Sikidy." Memories de l'institut Francais d'Afrique Noire.
Zaslavsky, Cladia. Africa Counts.
Housecarl
Quote Tk101
Wow...thats very intriguing Pinguin... i will take a look at what you have.
there is only one truth
- Conan
[IMG]http://www.architecture.org/shop/images/402036lg.jpg[IMG]
Mercury_Dawn
Joined: 30-Aug-2008
Location: West Virginia
Quote Mercury_Dawn
Quote Reply Posted: 30-Aug-2008 at 01:47
I believe the art historian name was Jay Hambridge, he wrote in the early twentieth century about how Virtruvius was wrong about how the greeks during the height of Athenian power designed their, and proved it was via fractals.
Janissary
Quote Mayra
Quote Reply Posted: 16-Nov-2008 at 15:50
"The nearly identical system of divination in West Africa associated with Fa and Ifa was first noted by Trautman (1939), but he assumed that geomancy originated in Arabic society, where it is known as ilm alraml ("the science of sand"). The mathematical basis of geomancy is however, strikingly out of place in non-African systems. Like other linguistic codes, number bases tend to have an extremely long historical persistence. The ancient Greeks held 10 to be the most sacred of all numbers; the Kabbalah's Ayin Sof emanates by 10 Sefirot and the Christian west counts on its "Hindu- Arabic" decimal notation. "
Well part of it sounds identical but Ifa divination is composed of 16 Odus, which in turn give way to 256 different combinations of the sets of strokes using a two column 4 line system. Using 16 "4-eyed" palm nuts sacred to Ifa (the Ikin), the Babalawo cups them in his left hand and "beats" them with his other hand, passing them back and forth, trying to capture only one or two nuts at most in his left palm. He keeps "beating" them between the raised right hand and arm and the left below, until one or two remains. Then if it is 1, he strokes 2 lines vertically, next to each other starting on the right and the next stroke parallel on the left. This is done on a normally round wooden board called an "opon", a divining board sacred to Ifa, also known as the Orisa Orunmila. He, (Babalawos are always male) strokes the lines in a yellowish powder called "iyerosun", which is a dust derived from trees where termites are eating the wood. If 2 nuts are left in his hand he makes one stroke on the right. He continues until an "odu" a type of sacred womb of knowledge, figure is given using the 4 lines. The following is an example of "Eji Ogbe"
Obviously this is one of the primary 16 Odus and considered the first to open the road. As I mentioned, there are 256 combinations possible, and within each Odu there are innumerous verses called "itans" that comprise the oral "bible" of the Yoruba. Belieivng that all the ills of human life can be thwarted by consulting the Ikin, the proper sacrifices and offerings are recited in each verse, along with clues as to the plants, trees, vines, various kinds of animals needed to make the magic preparations needed to bring about harmony in the consultor´s life. All of this knowledge is handed down verbally and Babas are expected to know at least 3 or 4 verses within each of the 256 odus, and able to recite them at will, besides the various songs that need to be sung honoring the plant and animal life, carry out all sacrifices properly. Ifa is the sum of all the divine energy of the Universe, it is not just a word that represents Orunmila, Olodunmare´s "messenger" here on earth, but the sum of all the wisdom and knowledge of all the Orisas, sacred deities in the Yoruba belief. It is the Yesterday Today and Tomorrow. There is the system of cowry shell throwing called at times Merindilogun or Erindilogun, which uses 16 special cowry shells and used mostly by women Oolorisas or Iyalorisas spelling varying from country to country in the diaspora. These, according to if are throw mouth up or mouth down, give way to 17 combinations only. They also have verses attatched to them along with the appropriate vegetable and animal knowledge. But some practitioners use different system along with the odus, receiving intuitive messages from the Orisas, etc.,.
I read an interesting article in a U.S. newspaper at the beginning of the Iraq war this decade, that Sadaam Husseins mother threw cowry shells, and that he himself had a stable of magicians and learned people who helped him with "charms" and who knows what else. Also in this article said he even had a Japanese Master of some sorts at his use. I tried to find this paper later to cut out the article and couldn´t. Anyone also saw that??
I´ll look for a book I have about numbers and counting in Africa, maybe someone will find it interesting.
Edited by Mayra - 16-Nov-2008 at 17:16
"Great spirits have always encountered violent opposition from mediocre minds."
" I have no particular talent. I am merely inquisitive". Albert Einstein
Quote Jams
That's quite interesting. So the bit was invented in Africa? And hex too?
Infonor homepage: http://infonor.dk/ RAIPON homepage: http://www.raipon.org/
Quote Reply Posted: 21-May-2009 at 01:59
I awoke this thread to show to somebody new in this forum.
Pinguin! I am glad you did! It has brought me back to AllEmpires!
Carcharodon
Quote Carcharodon
Good comment on Ron Eglash book African Fractals: Modern Computing and indigenous Design:
"Next time you bump into one of those idiots who starts asking you questions like, 'where is the African Mozart, or where is the African Brunel?' -- implying that Africans do not think -- send them a copy of Ron Eglash's study of fractals in African architecture and watch their heads explode."
mentalacrobatics.com
http://www.ted.com/speakers/ron_eglash.html
hrre is the book i mentioned years ago LOL
Africa Counts
Number and Pattern in African Cultrue
Claudia Zaslavsky
More on African binary mathematics. Now from Ethiopia. Watch it carefully:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tFqecEgdbc0&eurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eanthroforum%2Ecom%2Fshowthread%2Ephp%3Ft%3D12305&feature=player_embedded


text:
Sony gamers all losers thanks to Labor
Updated May 5, 2011 — 11.56am first published at 8.12am
Canberra has known for years that it needed to update its privacy laws to guard against the metastisising cancer of identity theft.
Way back in 2004, the Howard Government reviewed the Privacy Act and found it to be hopelessly inadequate in the face of accelerating digital technologies. A Senate inquiry followed in 2005, resulting in another, er, review, this time by the Australian Law Reform Commission, starting in 2006 and reporting in 2008.
It took another year for the then Cabinet Secretary, Joe Ludwig, to release the government's first stage response to the ALRC's 295 recommended changes. We're still waiting on the second stage. Ludwig has gone, having done little to advance the issue, replaced late last year by Brendan O'Connor, the first fully fledged Minster for Privacy.
It wouldn't be fair to lay blame for the Commonwealth's tardiness in updating its privacy laws at the feet of O'Connor, but Ludwig surely has some splainin' to do about why, three years after he took carriage of the ALRC's reform recommendations, we're still waiting for action. Especially since the government has accepted most of them.
Privacy law is hugely complicated and not particularly sexy. Most of us think of it in terms of inconvenience, when a bank or utility company won't talk to us about an account held by a partner or flatmate. But the importance of having robust, coherent and enforceable legislation, and a well funded agency, in this case the Privacy Comish, to do the enforcing has been thrown into stark contrast by last week's Sony Playstation network breach.
Sony's still not saying whether your credit card number is now in the hands of the Russian mafia, or some geek from Korea, possibly because they have no idea, or possibly because they'd just die of shame if they had to fess up. And there may yet be more to fess to, given that the company yesterday admitted another 24 million subscribers had been breached. Playstation Network has upwards of 700,000 subscribers in Australia, and if 10% opted for the paid service - the average worldwide - that's the better part of an MCG's worth of punters with reason to be calling their bank right now.
The banks, unlike Sony, are actually pretty good at keeping a lock down on credit fraud. (The last time I traveled overseas, first time I put something on the plastic, my bank was on the phone to me from Sydney less than a minute later, to confirm my ID). But if you have any reason to believe your deets have leaked from the PSN, and simply having given them to Sony is reason enough to suspect that, you need to move and do so quickly.
Of course, even if, like me, you were a cheap bastard using only the free service, you've still been exposed. Your personal details, which you've almost certainly lodged with other internet based businesses, are now out there, looking for a buyer. Sony is in deep trouble. Their stuttering reluctance to admit the breach was compounded by the way they were reportedly warned weeks before – by members of the Anonymous hackers collective – that they would be targeted.
The US government has sooled the FBI onto the case and it's possible that Sony executives might yet be charged because they kept it secret at first. But America has no federal privacy law under which victims of the breach could seek redress. Other jurisdictions, however, like Canada and the UK, have mature privacy schemes and, in the case of Canada, a muscular willingness to use them.
Here, not so much.
The Privacy Commissioner, who should have the power to investigate and punish corporate failures – the act of breaking into the network itself is already covered by criminal law – is all but toothless. Why? Because Joe Ludwig took thee years to do nothing about it, even after accepting the recommended changes. It leaves local PSN subscribers completely exposed. The current commissioner, Timothy Pilgrim, launched an investigation of the Sony breach last week, but although he can 'report' to the Minister, there's nothing else he can do. If it turns out Sony has been negligent in maintaining its security, or responding to the incursion, Pilgrim's investigation will inform us, but nothing more. In that sense it is all but meaningless.
The Law Reform Commission recognised this, writing in its report that "the inability of the Commissioner to enforce remedies" was widely understood by all stakeholders and deemed unacceptable. The Commissioner needed the power to "be able to enforce any directions given in relation to findings after an own motion investigation". The Government agreed. But with 700,000 Australian PSN subscribers exposed by the PSN break-in, no remedies are yet available.
Ludwig has moved on. Over to you, Brendan O'Connor.
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Immense™ is a series of artistic glass mosaics inspired by architecture and nature. Incorporating a mirrored effect and a subtle iridescence, Immense is an exploration of designs, colors and textures, offering depth, variation and drama. Foliage – Inspired by a cluster of leaves, which creates an arrangement of irregular lines and patterns. Effects – Inspired by architectural elements, where lines and figures are interlaced, creating multiple layers and depth Parallels – Inspired by architecture and luxury, where triangular patterns come together to form a structure with variation in color and material. Symmetry – Inspired by nature, where pattern and proportions are flawless, as with a honeycomb.
Murrine is a series of hand-cut, artistic glass mosaic comprised of up to 78% post-consumer recycled glass. Measurements may vary slightly due to the hand cut character of the product. Colors may vary slightly by production lot.


text:
ACSOLACSOL News
Emily Horowitz to Speak at ACSOL Conference on September 17
·September 7, 2021
Professor and Sociologist Emily Horowitz will deliver a thought provoking presentation during the ACSOL conference on Friday, September 17, at 11 a.m. (Pacific). Her presentation will focus upon "The Failure of Legal Responses to Sexual Violence" and will include a new perspective on how and why false claims about sex offenses have become so pervasive.
"Professor Horowitz understands the daily challenges faced by registrants and their loved ones," stated ACSOL Executive Director Janice Bellucci. "Her scholarly research includes sex offenses and other crimes against children as well as the hysteria that often surrounds such cases."
Professor Horowitz is a full-time faculty member at St. Francis College in New York City. She is also author of the book, "Protecting Our Kids? How Sex Offender Laws Are Failing Us." She has authored several articles, including "I was a child abuser" published in Psychology of Popular Media Culture and "Timeline of a Panic: A Brief History of Our Ongoing Sex Offense War" in the Southwestern Law Review.
Professor Horowitz earned a total of three degrees from Yale University as well as a bachelor of arts from Bard College. Professor Horowitz is also a member of the ACSOL board of directors.
"It is still possible to sign up for the ACSOL conference that begins in about 10 days," stated ACSOL President Chance Oberstein. "Please use the link below to sign up."
ACSOL Files SORNA Regulations Complaint with DOJ's Inspector General
ACSOL President Honored in Wall Street Journal
Federal SORNA Regulations Litigation Fund Now Has Matching Grant Program
ACSOL Leaders Discussed New SORNA Regulations
AERO1
People like Emily Horowitz that understands the daily challenges faced by registrants and their love ones are literally God sent.
I've been on the registry since I was 18 years old and I can't believe I made it this far without any 290pc violations after all the shots they've taken at me.
I was so young when I was placed on the registery that I had no choice but to couch surf for the first 6 years on IML but after FTR became a felony in 2006 I've literally been living my life like I'm on the run always watching my back always looking over my shoulder.
After 21 years of banishment I've learned to trusted no one, I never tell anybody were I'm going or where I've been and I never stay anywhere longer than 5 working days, i hope next year on my birthday I can petition to go free its been a long road.
Last edited 4 months ago by AERO1
Janice Bellucci
Emily Horowitz is a dynamic speaker and I am truly looking forward to watching her presentation. Emily speaks from the heart and has the courage necessary to speak the truth even when others might find it inconvenient to listen to.
David⚜
Wow! This is great that she'll be speaking at the conference!! No doubt she'll mention how all these myriad sex offender laws do not prevent sexual offending!!
I work in the field of substance use disorder treatment and prevention. And there DO exist, very strong & effective SUD prevention programs. So, with all the public hysteria about sexual offenders & offenses, why are there NO sexual offense prevention programs????? 🤷🏻♂ Why???
lovewillprevail
Wow, ACSOL really has some great distinguished speakers for the conference! It appears everyone at ACSOL has done a great job planning and putting together the online conference.


text:
Introduction: Contagion and Culture
Priscilla Wald, Nancy Tomes, Lisa Lynch
Volume 14, Number 4, Winter 2002
American Literary History 14.4 (2002) 617-624
Contagion and Culture
Priscilla Wald, Nancy Tomes, and Lisa Lynch
When Jason Papparis, a Greek immigrant who owns a wholesale rug business in Manhattan, opens the strange advertisement from Acme Rug Cleaning Company, he is surprised by a splash of glittering stars and a small puff of dust. Impressed by the cleverness of the ad, which advises him to "Call Us To Clean Up the Mess!" he regrets that he has no need of a cleaning service (Cook 3). He certainly has no reason to suspect that he will soon die of anthrax. There is no reason he should. He is a relatively arbitrary target, chosen to test the efficacy of the synthetic anthrax produced by Yuri Davydov, a Russian emigrant, to serve as a weapon of bioterror to be used against the population of Manhattan. The perpetrators of this plot are an odd alliance of malcontents: Davydov, whose job as a cab driver feeds his resentment of class inequity in the US, and ex-military white supremacists disillusioned with the government. While Curt Rogers and Steve Henderson are determined to bring down the government, Davydov wants revenge on his erstwhile adopted land before returning home to "Mother Russia."
We invoke the plot of Robin Cook's novel Vector (1999), not only because of its appropriateness to the moment in which we are writing this introduction but also for its relevance to the themes in this volume: the relationship that it underscores among culture, disease transmission, and politics. Although anthrax is not a contagious disease, as we all know by now, the plot of Vector illustrates how central all disease has been to our understanding and experience of culture. Appearing as an advertisement, the fatal letter suggests connections among consumer culture, transmissible disease, and the postal service (and, by implication, the infrastructure of the whole communications network in the US). The ostensibly arbitrary choice of Papparis turns out to result in fact from his occupation. Because he imports rugs from Turkey, where "the animal form of anthrax was a problem" (62), his contraction of anthrax will not raise suspicions about the source of the disease. [End Page 617] It will be assumed, or so the perpetrators hope, to be the result of an occupational hazard, a symptom, in effect, of globalization.
The plot against Manhattan is foiled, ultimately, because an astute medical examiner does not fall prey to the assumptions and biases upon which the perpetrators rely and because the unholy alliance disintegrates. The racist and antigovernment motivations of the white supremacists are finally incompatible with the anticapitalist class resentments of the Russian immigrant. The anti-Semitism that initially brings them together does not prove enough to unite them. Although Yuri wants to target Central Park, hoping to infect the Jewish bankers on the Upper East Side, Steve and Curt have chosen the Jacob Javits Federal Building, which houses the largest FBI office outside of Washington, DC. Thus, Vector illustrates how a complex global politics informs both our assumptions about the transmission of contagious and infectious disease and the motivations of bioterrorism.
Although the specific diseases (bacillus anthrax and clostridium botulinum) and the idea of disease transmission are subordinated in the novel to the terror plot, Vector demonstrates how neither anxieties about the transmission of disease nor the experience of it can be separated from the nexus of meanings that constitute its perception, contraction, and treatment. To understand fully the nature of the threat, it is necessary to grasp how transmissible disease is both constituted and experienced within social, political, cultural, economic, and representational contexts. Appropriate emotional, economic, and medical responses to disease depend upon our recognizing the processes that produce the experience of and responses to it. This volume was motivated by our conviction that a richer and more nuanced understanding of the multifaceted relationships between culture and transmissible disease can yield more effective social, political, and even personal responses.
The moment in which we are writing this introduction places the disease that Jason Papparis contracts in an eerie context. Recent cases of synthetically produced...


Delicious vegan banana bread - Start with something. Begin your impact.
Being vegetarian is forcing us not only to make healthier choices, but to be creative about our home food preparation so it stays interesting.
If something is healthy, easy to make, and delicious, with no negative impact on the environment, isn't it a no-brainer to make it part of your life?
On that note, we made vegan banana bread. I am no baker, but this took 10 minutes to put together, and 50 minutes in the oven. Absolutely delicious.
If you are looking to make a quick, healthy, zero-impact sweet treat for the house, try this!


text:
National Express Coventry announces changes following public consultation
Following feedback from the public National Express Coventry has announced changes to its bus network in and around the city.
The last time the network changed extensively was seven years ago. Since then there have been some significant developments across the city and surrounding areas. Travel patterns have also changed.
The bus operator has now released details of the network changes which will take effect from Sunday 22nd September 2019.
Some changes are small, such as timetable improvements, so that buses can run more often or more reliably. Other changes are larger, such as route changes, to cater for new and emerging travel needs. Some route numbers will also change.
Chris Gibbens, Commercial Director of National Express Bus, said:
"Our current network of Coventry bus routes has remained relatively unchanged since 2012, however the local population and demand for bus services has. With so much change happening we also need to consider the future of bus travel in and around this vibrant city.
"During June and July 2019 we held a consultation on the proposed changes to our services. We've listened to our customers, our staff, local community groups and councillors and based on their feedback we'll be implementing our new network of bus services from 22nd September 2019.
"Overall, most customers will see an improvement with more punctual and frequent buses. Where journeys involve a change of bus we've worked hard to better coordinate our services to make it simpler and easier for our customers.
"We're introducing new links to the University Hospital and Westwood Business Park as well as connecting customers from across the city to important faith, community and health centres. To support these changes we're delighted to create more jobs in Coventry by employing more drivers and running more buses to help improve the service we offer."
In June 2019 National Express Coventry launched a public consultation to invite feedback on its proposed changes. Around 1,500 customers, staff and stakeholders completed the survey by responding to route specific questions, with an additional few hundred individual comments on the proposals.
85% of those that completed the survey said buses should serve Eagle Street to cater for the faith, community and health centres. National Express Coventry is introducing a new 3 and 3A service along Eagle Street and Springfield Road.
92% were in favour of running more buses at peak times on the 5 and 7 through Coundon. More peak buses will be introduced and the service will be better coordinated during off-peak periods to reduce customer waiting time.
86% said they would like the 8 and 8A to run along Corporation Street in both directions. National Express Coventry is changing the route in line with this feedback.
71% thought it would be good to have a direct link between Holbrooks and Coventry rail station. The road layout at the rail station is changing in November so National Express is delaying the change to allow time to assess how the new road layout works.
Many asked for the proposed city centre route change to be reconsidered and for more buses to reduce overcrowding between Earlsdon, the University and Kenilworth. Based on the feedback received the 11 will remain on its current route from the rail station to Pool Meadow and the frequency will be increased from Coventry to the University and on to Kenilworth and Leamington.
Other main benefits of the changes are:
Buses will run more often to Allesley, Bell Green, Brownshill Green, Canley, Cheylesmore, Coundon, Earlsdon, Fargo Village, Hillfields, Holbrooks, Kenilworth, Keresley, Kirby Corner, Leamington Spa, Spon End, Tile Hill, University of Warwick, Westwood Park, Willenhall and Wood End
Improved evening and Sunday services for Canley, Cheylesmore, Coundon, Hillfields and Holbrooks
Extra early morning buses on Saturdays for many areas
Some routes benefit from extra Sunday morning buses
New direct link from Hillfields to University Hospital
New direct link from Allesley Park to University Hospital
New daytime service to Westwood Business Park from Coventry city centre and rail station
New direct links from Allesley Park and Canley to University Hospital
The disadvantages for a small number of customers are:
Some direct links across the city centre will change, so some people may have to change buses in the city centre
Buses will run slightly less often to Allesley Park and some parts of Binley to help improve reliability
Full details of the changes are available online at www.nxbus.co.uk/coventry. Printed booklets will be available from the National Express travelshop in Pool Meadow bus station from early September and staff will also be on hand to answer any questions.
Download a hi-res version of the above photograph here.


How Can YOU help change Haiti's revolving paradigm?
"…help build our Campaign Five action plans by sending to HLLN names and list of companies – their addresses, products, directors, how involved with Haiti, their Haitian subcontractors/black overseers, et al , – supporting, maintaining the UN occupation, perpetual chaos and Coup d'etat (rule of the 1 to 3% percenters in garnering Haitian votes and their appointees.) – and generally collaborate with Ezili's HLLN to expose how, for all the unscrupulous and shady businessmen and governments of the world, Haiti has always been a fiscal paradise because the Neocolonialists' manufactures fear, racists myths and false stereotypes about Haitian brutality, inherent poverty, lack of natural resources, inherent violence, incompetence (the common neocolonial storyline/media lies), decontextualizes Haiti's legacy of impunity/corruption and lies about Haiti not having a viable indigenous culture. These myths, stereotypes, racist lies and self-serving fears, control, promote and maintains the world's negative perceptions of Haiti so that empire, their predatory "charitable" and "benevolent" NGOs and the world's corporate oligarchs may contain-Haiti-in-poverty the better to rob it blind." (See, HLLN Campaign Five Action Plan; Answers to media questions about Haiti; Oil in Haiti and Oil Refinery, Haiti's Riches, Interview on Haiti's Riches; The causes of Haiti's poverty and deforestation and Ezili's counter-colonial narrative on Vodun).
Legacy of Impunity – Don't believe the hype about Haiti being the most violent and corrupt place in the world. The Neocolonialists inciting political instability is Haiti's main problem. It is this political instability and exclusion that is responsible for the legacy of impunity, endemic poverty and violence in Haiti. Otherwise, Haiti is underdeveloped in crime, corruption and violence, compared to other nations.
Does the Western economic calculation of wealth fit Haiti -fit Dessalines idea of wealth distribution?NO!


Bullets & Blame… Just Another Violent Weekend In Chicago!
Chicago just recorded its deadliest weekend of 2018 and the one thing we know is that racial hucksters don't have the answers to stop the violence.
How are the strictest gun laws in the nation working out?


text:
William Daniel "Danny" Hillis (* 25. September 1956 in Baltimore, Maryland) ist ein US-amerikanischer  Computeringenieur und Erfinder, bekannt für seine Entwicklung von Parallelrechnern in den 1980er Jahren.

Leben und Werk
Hillis ist der Sohn eines Epidemiologen der United States Air Force, der bei seinem Studium der Hepatitis mit seiner Familie auch in mehreren Ländern Afrikas (Rwanda, Burundi, Zaire, Kenia) lebte. Während dieser Zeit wurde Hillis von seiner Mutter, einer Bio-Statistikerin, unterrichtet. Hillis studierte am Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), wo er 1978 seinen Bachelor in Mathematik und 1981 seinen Master in Elektrotechnik und Informatik machte, mit einer Spezialisierung in Robotik. Am MIT arbeitete er am Labor der Programmiersprache Logo, wo Software und Hardware für Computer in Grundschulen und Kindergärten entwickelt wurde. Diese Arbeit setzte er fort beim Spielwarenhersteller Milton Bradley Company und in der von ihm gegründeten Firma Terrapin Software. In dieser Zeit baute er auch einen funktionstüchtigen Computer aus dem Baukasten-Spielzeug Tinkertoys, der später auch im Computermuseum in Boston ausgestellt wurde.

Gleichzeitig arbeitete er an seiner Doktorarbeit am MIT über Parallelrechner. 1983 gründete Hillis die Thinking Machines Corporation, die einen Parallelcomputer, die "Connection Machine", aus vielen vernetzten Prozessor-Knoten entwickelte. In der Firma arbeitete zu dieser Zeit als Berater auch der Nobelpreisträger Richard Feynman, der mit Hillis befreundet war und sich in den 1980er Jahren der Grundlagenforschung über Computer zuwandte (u. a. Quantencomputer). 1988 wurde er am MIT bei Gerald Jay Sussman (sowie Marvin Minsky, Claude Shannon) promoviert. In seiner Firma verfolgte er dabei auch Forschungsarbeiten z. B. zur Anwendung von Parallelrechnern in der Künstlichen Intelligenz. Dabei vertritt er eine ähnliche Philosophie wie sein Lehrer Marvin Minsky ("Society of Minds"), dass das "Geheimnis" menschlicher Intelligenz in massivem Parallelismus liegt, und dass der Übergang von "künstlicher" zu "menschlicher Intelligenz" eine Frage der Quantität ist und keiner weiteren Ingredienzien bedarf.

Da die Entwicklung spezieller Parallelrechner jedoch bald durch die Entwicklung des PC-Marktes (mit der Möglichkeit, viele PCs zusammenzuschalten) überholt wurde, meldete die Firma 1994 Bankrott an. Hillis gründete eine neue Beraterfirma DHSH, die u. a. die Walt Disney Company beriet, und arbeitete am MIT Media Lab. Er wurde 1996 "Disney Fellow" und Vizepräsident für Forschung und Entwicklung bei "Walt Disney Imagineering", der Forschungs- und Entwicklungsabteilung des Konzerns. Unter anderem entwickelte er dort Ideen für die Themenparks von Disney und auch z. B. einen wandernden Dinosaurier-Roboter in natürlicher Größe.

2000 verließ Hillis Disney und gründete mit Bran Ferren (dem Leiter von Walt Disney Imagineering) die Firma "Applied Minds", eine technische Beraterfirma. Eine ihrer Ablegerfirmen war "Metaweb Technologies", gegründet 2005 mit dem Ziel, Techniken zur semantischen Datenspeicherung im Internet zu entwickeln. Eine andere war "Freebase", das eine offene, verteilte Datenbankarchitektur entwickeln sollte.

1993 schlug Hillis angesichts der Erkenntnis der Kurzlebigkeit von Speicherungstechnologien im Computerzeitalter das Projekt einer langfristigen Speicherung des "Wissens der Menschheit" vor, wozu sie eine mechanische Uhr hoher Genauigkeit und Zuverlässigkeit entwickelten ("Clock of the Long Now"). Die Uhr, deren Prototyp 1999 fertiggestellt wurde, sollte mindestens 10.000 Jahre laufen, einmal im Jahr einen Zeiger bewegen und ihre Energie aus den klimatischen Unterschieden der Jahreszeiten beziehen. Sie soll in einem Berg in Nevada untergebracht werden. Dies führte 1996 zur Gründung der "Long Now Foundation" durch Hillis, Brian Eno, Stewart Brand, Esther Dyson und Mitch Kapor.

Hillis lebt in Los Angeles. 1989 erhielt er den Grace Murray Hopper Award und 2002 den Dan-David-Preis. 1992 wurde er in die American Academy of Arts and Sciences gewählt.

Sonstiges
Das Uhrenprojekt von Hillis spielt auch eine prominente Rolle in dem Experimentalfilm "My Avatar and Me" (2010/11) der dänischen Filmemacher Bente Milton und Mikkel Stolt, der die virtuelle Welt von Second Life thematisiert und in dem Hillis mehrfach als er selbst auftritt.

Schriften
 Computerlogik – so einfach arbeiten Computer. Bertelsmann, München 2001 (englisches Original The Patterns on the Stone: The Simple Ideas that make computers work. 1999) (populärwissenschaftliches Buch über Computer und Informatik)
 The Connection Machine. MIT Press Series in Artificial Intelligence, 1985, ISBN 0-262-08157-1 (seine Dissertation)

Literatur
 Steven Levy: The Mind of an Inventor. In: Newsweek. 10. Oktober 2005
 Cathy Lazere: Out of Their Minds. The Lives and Discoveries of 15 Great Computer Scientists. Springer 1998

Weblinks
 Richard Feynman and The Connection Machine Danny Hillis spricht über Richard Feynman und die Connection Machine. YouTube-Video vom Januar 2011 (6′55″, englisch).
 Biographie von Goertzel
 Applied Minds, Inc., Firma von Hillis
 Blog von John Battelle: A Morning with Danny Hillis
 Biographie bei der Long Now Foundation
 Biographie bei edge.org
 "The Rise and Fall of Thinking Machines Corporation", Inc Magazine 1995
 Levy "The Mind of an Inventor", Newsweek 2005
 Biographie bei Verleihung des Dan-Davis-Preises 2002
Interview, Web of Stories

Informatiker
Mitglied der American Academy of Arts and Sciences
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1956
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
UK intelligence agency warns against using Windows 7 for internet banking, email as Microsoft's OS reaches EOL
No more security updates for consumers, starting today, though business customers can continue to pay for ongoing support
By Humza Aamir	 on January 14, 2020, 7:37 23 comments
Why it matters: Given that Microsoft's support for Windows 7 is ending today, consumer PCs running the old operating system are left increasingly vulnerable to cyber attacks as newly discovered security loopholes and exploits will no longer be patched. It's why the UK's National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) has issued a warning, urging users to update their devices and replace unsupported ones, while refraining from using them for emails, internet banking and accessing other sensitive accounts.
For many people, Windows 7 remains the OS of choice for daily computing. However, the software is hitting its official end-of-life status today, meaning no more security patches or technical assistance from Microsoft going forward, unless you're an enterprise customer paying for the company's Extended Security Update program, which itself will last till January 2023.
Considering that Windows 7 still has over 440 million users worldwide, the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC), part of the UK Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), has issued a public warning encouraging people to "upgrade devices currently running Windows 7, allowing them to continue receiving software updates which help protect their devices."
According to The Telegraph, the intelligence agency has urged such users to "replace unsupported devices as soon as possible, to move sensitive data to a supported device and not to use them for tasks like accessing bank and other sensitive accounts." adding that "they should also consider accessing email from a different device."
PCs running an unpatched or out of support operating system become a prime target for malicious attackers and are at a greater risk of falling victim to WannaCry-like malware, making it "crucial to move away from them as quickly as possible."
Microsoft has also repeatedly notified Windows 7 users of the OS's impending end-of-life, and the company will be displaying full-screen Windows 10 upgrade prompts this month in the hope of getting users to make the switch.
Nevertheless, the decade-old OS still commands a respectable market share that's hard to ignore, even for Microsoft. The company will be supporting its Chromium-based Edge browser on Windows 7 for at least 18 more months, following a similar announcement made last week by Google for its popular Chrome browser.
A leaked build of Windows 10X shows what to expect from Microsoft's Chrome OS clone
Microsoft to get rid of desktop Outlook in favor of unified web app
At least 100 million PCs still run Windows 7, one year after support ended
Who was the tech CEO that in 1999 said, "You have zero privacy anyway..."?
Google extends Chrome support for Windows 7 by six months
Apple is sending hacker-friendly iPhones to security researchers
High DPC Latency on dxgkrnl.sys, nvlddmkm.sys, USBPORT.SYS - Competitive Experience = Disaster
New build keeps crashing
Microsoft releases "comprehensive rollup" for Windows 7 that includes all updates since SP1
Need advice on replacing a Windows 10 32-bit installation with a 64-bit installation
Issue with updating


Which temple picture are you looking for? Please leave me a comment! I might just be able to arrange a fun little road trip to get one for you!
These are great for Relief Society and Young Women projects, or make great Christmas gifts! For a project how-to click HERE. You can also order them pre-made. Please see "Prices" under "Info" in the menu bar.


text:
Q: document.styleSheets[i].disabled doesn't work in chrome I have a pretty weird problem to solve; the solution should be pure JavaScript (no frameworks allowed). Here it is: "display all stylesheets that are enabled on the page".
I use chrome because of multiple issues of innerHtml in IE, although it has cssText property of a stylesheet, which suits perfectly for my purpose.
Anyway, here is my example

one

two

three

        <input type="button" value="show" onclick="displayActiveStyles()" >

The problem is, for all 5 stylesheets it alerts false which isn't right. If anybody has any ideas of where I am making a mistake or if it is doable in chrome at all, please let me know.

A: I understand that you want to list the href's of each stylesheet, right? In your code, you're going through each stylesheet, and alerting it's disabled property. Since they're enabled, they are alerting "false", which is correct. If you want to get the href of only the enabled ones, you could do something like:
var i;
for (i = 0; i < document.styleSheets.length; i++) {
    if (!document.styleSheets[i].disabled) {
        alert(document.styleSheets[i].href);
    }
}

Trying this here, there's one styleSheet for which its href is null. Not really sure why's that, I googled something quickly and it's probably because it is a

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Banksia marginata, commonly known as the silver banksia, is a species of tree or woody shrub in the plant genus Banksia found throughout much of southeastern Australia. It ranges from the Eyre Peninsula in South Australia to north of Armidale, New South Wales, and across Tasmania and the islands of Bass Strait. It grows in various habitats, including Eucalyptus forest, scrub, heathland and moorland. Banksia marginata varies widely in habit, ranging from a  shrub to a  tree. The narrow leaves are linear and the yellow inflorescences (flower spikes) occur from late summer to early winter. The flower spikes fade to brown and then grey and develop woody follicles bearing the winged seeds. Originally described by Antonio José Cavanilles in 1800, further collections of B. marginata were designated as several separate species by Robert Brown in 1810. However, all were reclassified as a single species by George Bentham in 1870. No distinct subspecies have been recognised by Banksia expert Alex George, who nonetheless concedes that further work is needed.

Many species of bird, in particular honeyeaters, forage at the flower spikes, as do native and European honeybees. The response to bushfire varies. Some populations are serotinous: they are killed by fire and regenerate from large stores of seed which have been held in cones in the plant canopy and are released after a fire. Others regenerate from underground lignotubers or suckers from lateral roots. Although it has been used for timber, Banksia marginata is most commonly seen as a garden plant, with dwarf forms being commercially propagated and sold.

Description

Banksia marginata is a highly variable species, usually ranging from a small shrub around a metre (3 ft) tall to a  tree. Unusually large trees of 15 to possibly 30 m (50–100 ft) have been reported near Beeac in Victoria's Western District as well as several locations in Tasmania, while compact shrubs limited to  high have been recorded on coastal heathland in Tasmania (such as at Rocky Cape National Park). Shrubs reach only  high in Gibraltar Range National Park. The bark is pale grey and initially smooth before becoming finely tessellated with age. The new branchlets are hairy at first but lose their hairs as they mature, with new growth a pale or pinkish brown. The leaves are alternately arranged on the stems on 2–5 mm long petioles, and characteristically toothed in juvenile or younger leaves ( long). The narrow adult leaves are dull green in colour and generally linear, oblong or wedge-shaped (cuneate) and measure  long and  wide. The margins become entire with age, and the tip is most commonly truncate or emarginate, but can be acute or mucronate. The cellular makeup of the leaves shows evidence of lignification, and the leaves themselves are somewhat stiff. Leaves also have sunken stomates. The leaf undersurface is white with a prominent midrib covered in brownish hairs.

The complex flower spikes, known as inflorescences, appear generally from late summer to early winter (February to June) in New South Wales and Victoria, although flowering occurs in late autumn and winter in the Gibraltar Range. Cylindrical in shape, they are composed of a central woody spike or axis, perpendicularly from which a large number of compact floral units arise, which measure  tall and  wide. Pale yellow in colour, they are composed of up to 1,000 individual flowers (784 recorded in the Gibraltar Range) and arise from nodes on branchlets that are at least three years old. Sometimes two may grow from successive nodes in the same flowering season. They can have a grey or golden tinge in late bud. As with most banksias, anthesis is acropetal; the opening of the individual buds proceeds up the flower spike from the base to the top. Over time the flower spikes fade to brown and then grey, and the old flowers generally persist on the cone. The woody follicles grow in the six months after flowering, with up to 150 developing on a single flower spike. In many populations, only a few follicles develop. Small and elliptic, they measure  long,  high, and  wide. In coastal and floodplain populations, these usually open spontaneously and release seed, while they generally remain sealed until burnt by fire in plants from heathland and montane habitats. Each follicle contains one or two fertile seeds, between which lies a woody dark brown separator of similar shape to the seeds. Measuring  in length, the seed is egg- to wedge-shaped (obovate to cuneate) and composed of a dark brown  wide membranous "wing" and wedge- or sickle-shaped (cuneate–falcate) seed proper which measures  long by  wide. The seed surface can be smooth or covered in tiny ridges, and often glistens. The resulting seedling first grows two obovate cotyledon leaves, which may remain for several months as several more leaves appear. The cotyledons of Banksia marginata, B. paludosa and B. integrifolia are very similar in appearance.

Taxonomy and naming

Banksia marginata is commonly called the silver banksia, because the white undersides of its leaves contrast with the otherwise green foliage and give the plant a "silvery" look. Alternate common names include honeysuckle and dwarf honeysuckle. The aboriginal name in the Jardwadjali language of western Victoria was  , while the Kaurna name from the Adelaide Plains was pitpauwe and the local name in the Macquarie Harbour region in Tasmania was tangan.

A widely distributed and diverse plant, B. marginata was described independently and given many different names by early explorers. On his third voyage, Captain James Cook reported a "most common tree [...] about ten feet high, branching pretty much, with narrow leaves, and a large, yellow, cylindrical flower, consisting only of a vast number of filaments; which, being shed, leave a fruit like a pine top." in January 1777. The genus Banksia was named in honor of Sir Joseph Banks, a botanist who was with Captain Cook during his first voyage (1768-1771) in which he circumnavigated the world, including stops in New Zealand and Australia (Botany Bay). The species marginata was first collected by Luis Née in 1793, from somewhere between Sydney and Parramatta. In 1800, the Spanish botanist Antonio José Cavanilles gave the species the binomial name it still bears today. The species name is the Latin adjective marginatus ("bordered") and refers to appearance of the lower surface of the recurved margins of the leaves when viewed from underneath. Cavanilles also described another specimen collected by Née in the same locality as a different species, Banksia microstachya Cav. A smaller shrub with dentate leaves, this turned out to be an immature plant of the same species with juvenile leaves. Robert Brown described 31 species of Banksia in his 1810 work Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen, including six taxa (B. marginata α and β plus four further species) now attributable to B. marginata. He split the genus into two subgenera, placing these species in subgenus Banksia verae, the "True Banksias". He described Banksia australis R.Br., giving the location of the collection as Port Phillip Bay in Victoria in 1802 (having crossed out Van Diemen's Land 1804). Brown's other collections which were reduced to synonymy with  B. marginata were Banksia depressa R.Br., a prostrate shrub from Margate Rivulet in southeastern Tasmania, Banksia insularis R.Br., from Flinders and King Island, and Banksia patula R.Br., a shrub from the vicinity of Port Lincoln, South Australia. The French naturalist Aimé Bonpland in 1816 called it Banksia marcescens Bonpl., deemed an illegitimate name, as by that time the name Banksia marginata already had been published. Still more synonyms are Banksia ferrea Vent. ex Spreng. and Banksia gunnii Meisn.

By the time Carl Meissner published his 1856 arrangement of the genus, there were 58 described Banksia species. Meissner divided Brown's Banksia verae, which had been renamed Eubanksia by Stephan Endlicher in 1847, into four series based on leaf properties. He listed six species and a further four varieties all now sunk into B. marginata in series Salicinae.

In 1870, George Bentham published a thorough revision of Banksia in his landmark publication Flora Australiensis. In Bentham's arrangement, the number of recognised Banksia species was reduced from 60 to 46. Bentham observed that the characteristics Brown used to define B. australis, B. depressa, B. patula, and B. insularis were unable to distinguish separate forms as more specimens came to light, and hence declared them synonyms of B. marginata. Meissner's four series were replaced by four sections based on leaf, style and pollen-presenter characters. B. marginata was placed in section Eubanksia along with B. integrifolia and B. dentata.

Placement within Banksia
The current taxonomic arrangement of the genus Banksia is based on botanist Alex George's 1999 monograph for the Flora of Australia book series. In this arrangement, B. marginata is placed in Banksia subgenus Banksia, because its inflorescences take the form of Banksia's characteristic flower spikes, section Banksia because of its straight styles, and series Salicinae because its inflorescences are cylindrical. In a morphological cladistic analysis published in 1994, Kevin Thiele placed it as the most basal member of a newly described subseries Integrifoliae, within the series Salicinae. However, this subgrouping of the Salicinae was not supported by George. George did concede that major work is needed on Banksia marginata, which shows such a high degree of variability over its range.

B. marginata's placement within Banksia may be summarised as follows:
Genus Banksia
Subgenus Isostylis
Subgenus Banksia
Section Oncostylis
Section Coccinea
Section Banksia
Series Grandes
Series Banksia
Series Crocinae
Series Prostratae
Series Cyrtostylis
Series Tetragonae
Series Bauerinae
Series Quercinae
Series Salicinae
B. dentata – B. aquilonia – B. integrifolia – B. plagiocarpa – B. oblongifolia – B. robur – B. conferta – B. paludosa –  B. marginata – B. canei – B. saxicola

Since 1998, American botanist Austin Mast and co-authors have been publishing results of ongoing cladistic analyses of DNA sequence data for the subtribe Banksiinae, which then comprised genera Banksia and Dryandra. Their analyses suggest a phylogeny that differs greatly from George's taxonomic arrangement. Banksia marginata resolves as the closest relative, or "sister", to B. saxicola, the two taxa part of a larger group containing B. paludosa and the three subspecies of B. integrifolia. Early in 2007, Mast and Thiele rearranged the genus Banksia by merging Dryandra into it, and published B. subg. Spathulatae for the taxa having spoon-shaped cotyledons; thus B. subg. Banksia was redefined as encompassing taxa lacking spoon-shaped cotyledons. They foreshadowed publishing a full arrangement once DNA sampling of Dryandra was complete; in the meantime, if Mast and Thiele's nomenclatural changes are taken as an interim arrangement, then B. marginata is placed in B. subg. Spathulatae.

Hybrids with other species
Hybridisation with Banksia conferta subsp. penicillata at the site of an old abandoned railway between Newnes and Clarence in the Blue Mountains has been recorded; a single B. marginata plant was surrounded by plants with intermediate features but more strongly resembling B. conferta subsp. penicillata. B. marginata can also interbreed with B. paludosa where they are found together. A hybrid with B. saxicola was recorded from Mount William during the Banksia Atlas project.

A purported hybrid with B. integrifolia, thought to be from Cape Paterson on Victoria's south coast, was first described by Alf Salkin and is commercially available in small quantities. It forms an attractive hardy low-growing plant to . Salkin observed an intermediate form which occurred in coastal areas where Banksia marginata and B. integrifolia are found together. Calling it the Wilsons Promontory topodeme, he noted that it colonised sand dunes, had leaves similar to but narrower than integrifolia, and had persisting flowers on old spikes but not as persistent as marginata. He had collected this form from Revesby in New South Wales as well as Cape Paterson, and had received reports of similar plants at Marlo and Bemm Rivers. Stands of plants intermediate between B. integrifolia and B. marginata have been recorded near Mallacoota in East Gippsland.

Distribution and habitat
Banksia marginata is found from Baradine and Gibraltar Range National Park in northern New South Wales, southwards into Victoria and South Australia, as well as across Tasmania. It is found on the major islands of Bass Strait, including King, Flinders and Cape Barren Islands. There is one report of a collection from the Springbrook Mountains southwest of Southport in southeastern Queensland. It is extremely rare in southwestern New South Wales. In Victoria, it is predominantly coastal or near-coastal east of Traralgon, but in New South Wales it is absent from coastal areas in the Sydney region. Banksia marginata often grew as a large tree on the basalt plains west of Melbourne, but has almost disappeared. In the vicinity of Adelaide, it was common in the western suburbs on old sand dunes behind the beach foredunes. It remains common in the Adelaide foothills. The annual rainfall over its distribution ranges from .

In the Gibraltar Range National Park, it is a dominant shrub of open heathland and a non-dominant shrub of closed heath, mostly found in swampy heath associated with sedges. Plants here have some degree of self-compatibility. In the Sydney region, it grows in association with heath banksia (Banksia ericifolia), old man banksia (B. serrata), mountain devil (Lambertia formosa), lance-leaved geebung (Persoonia lanceolata) and dwarf apple (Angophora hispida) in heathland, and with silvertop ash (Eucalyptus sieberi), Blue Mountains ash (E. oreades), Sydney peppermint (E. piperita), scribbly gum (E. haemastoma), Blue Mountains mallee ash (E. stricta), brittle gum (E. mannifera), snow gum (E. pauciflora) and red bloodwood (Corymbia gummifera) in forested areas.

It is widespread as an understory species in medium rainfall eucalypt forests across Victoria, occurring in association with manna gum (Eucalyptus viminalis), narrow-leaf peppermint (E. radiata), messmate (E. obliqua), swamp gum (E. ovata) and brown stringybark (E. baxteri). It is a common shrub, sometimes small tree, in heathy and shrubby forests as well as coastal scrub and heath in part of its range. In South Gippsland, it is generally a shrub which regenerates from a lignotuber or suckers after bushfire and sets few seed. It has been recorded as a low spreading shrub in Croajingolong National Park in East Gippsland. In the Wombat State Forest west of Melbourne, it grows as a  high shrub on less fertile soils, and as a large tree to  on more fertile soils. Few trees remain, having been cleared for agriculture or for fuel. Similarly, further west in the Corangamite region, it is either a tree or suckering shrub.

In Tasmania, Banksia marginata occupies a wide range of habitats, in mixed forest (where it grows as a small tree), button grass moorlands, flood plains of the Loddon, Franklin and Huon Rivers, as well as coastal regions. In parts of the west and southwest of Tasmania, the species is dominant within the threatened native vegetation community known as Banksia marginata wet scrub. There is no macrofossil record for the species, so it is unclear whether it is a recent introduction from the mainland or has only recently evolved, although its presence on both the mainland and Tasmania suggests it has been present since the Pleistocene. It grows in coastal habitats that would be occupied by Banksia integrifolia on the mainland.

Banksia marginata grows on a variety of soil types, from clay loams, shale and peaty loams to sandy or rocky soils composed of quartzite, sandstone, limestone or granite, although sandier soils predominate. It is restricted to sandy soils in the Adelaide region. The soil types are of a wide range of pH, from highly acidic soils in the Grampians to alkaline soils in South Australia. Plants have been recorded at altitudes ranging from sea level to as high as  AHD at Mount Field National Park.

Ecology

Numerous species of birds have been observed foraging and feeding at the flowers; these include rainbow lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus), musk lorikeet (Glossopsitta concinna), purple-crowned lorikeet (G. porphyrocephala), double-eyed fig-parrot (Cyclopsitta diophthalma), red wattlebird (Anthochaera carunculata), little wattlebird (A. chrysoptera), yellow wattlebird (A. paradoxa), spiny-cheeked honeyeater (Acanthagenys rufogularis), yellow-faced honeyeater (Lichenostomus chrysops), singing honeyeater (Lichenostomus virescens), white-plumed honeyeater (L. penicillatus), black-chinned honeyeater (Melithreptus gularis), brown-headed honeyeater (M. brevirostris), white-naped honeyeater (M. lunatus), crescent honeyeater (Phylidonyris pyrrhoptera), New Holland honeyeater (P. novaehollandiae), tawny-crowned honeyeater (Gliciphila melanops), eastern spinebill (Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris), noisy miner (Manorina melanocephala), silvereye (Zosterops lateralis) and thornbills (Acanthiza species). In addition, the yellow-tailed black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus funereus) feeds on the seed.

The agile antechinus (Antechinus agilis), bush rat (Rattus fuscipes), feathertail glider (Acrobates pygmaeus), and sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps) have been recorded visiting flower spikes. Both pollen and nectar are consumed by the southwestern pygmy possum (Cercarteus concinnus). Ants, bees (both native and European honeybees), blowflies and brown butterflies have been recorded as visitors to flower spikes. The wasp Mesostoa kerri of the subfamily Mesostoinae within the family Braconidae causes stem galls on B. marginata in southeastern South Australia. The galls are either round to a diameter of , or cigar-shaped to . Their effect on the plant is unclear. B. marginata is a host plant for the larval and adult stages of the buprestid beetle Cyrioides imperialis. Much more pathological is the banksia longicorn beetle (Paroplites australis) which bores holes in the base of banksia plants which then weaken and fall or blow over with wind and die. Several species of fungus have been recorded growing on the foliage, including Acrospermum gaubae, Argopericonia elegans, Asterina systema-solare, Botryosphaeria banksiae, a species of Cladosporium, Cooksonomyces banksiae, Dimerium banksiae, Episphaerella banksiae, a Periconiella species, Satchmopsis australiensis, Tryssglobulus aspergilloides, and a species of Veronaea.

All banksias have developed proteoid or cluster roots in response to the nutrient-poor conditions of Australian soils (particularly lacking in phosphorus). The root system of the suckering forms of Banksia marginata in Victoria and South Australia have a characteristic pattern with a deep tap root, and an extensive system of thick lateral roots  below the surface. During the winter months, segments around  in length develop vegetative buds capable of forming suckers. Clusters of fine proteoid roots up to  long arise from these lateral roots.

The response of Banksia marginata to fire is variable. In the Gibraltar Range and Sydney regions, plants are killed by fire and regenerate from seed. They are serotinous, storing their seed in old cones, forming a seedbank in their canopy which is released after bushfire. A field study found that seeds were dispersed short distances (generally  or less), with those closest to the parent plant faring the best. In Little Desert National Park in northwestern Victoria and also eastern , it grows as a low shrub which suckers (grows shoots from lateral roots) after fire. Plants do not appear to live longer than 25 years; after this time the ageing plants begin to die and are succeeded by younger plants arising from suckers around the parent. A field study in Gippsland found counting the nodes of Banksia marginata plants to be accurate in indicating age within a year up to 21 years since the last fire. There is anecdotal evidence of plants reaching 150 years old in this region. Plant species from communities dependent on fire are thought to self-select to be more flammable; Banksia marginata tested from a dry sclerophyll community in southeastern Tasmania was shown to burn readily, and fire would spread easily through it.

Tasmanian forms are frost tolerant at any time of year, which might explain some of their success in spreading and growing in different habitats around the island. This attribute might have allowed them to survive cold periods in Tasmania during the Pleistocene.

A trial in Western Australia showed Banksia marginata to be mildly sensitive to Phytophthora cinnamomi dieback. At Brisbane Ranges National Park west of Melbourne, which was invaded by Phytophthora cinnamomi in the 1970s, Banksia marginata (along with such species as Grevillea steiglitziana) was part of a secondary regrowth of understory species after more resistant shrubs such as grasses and sedges had grown back.

Uses

Aboriginal Australian uses
The plant was often used by many indigenous clans and tribes throughout the east coast of Australia.

The sweet nectar from the flowers was sucked or drained by soaking in water and in some cases mixed with some wattle gum to make a sweet lolly.

The wood was also used to make needles.

The Gunditjmarato peoples of the western district of Victoria used the spent flower cones to strain water by placing the cones in their mouths and using them like a straw.

Timber
The red-hued heartwood is coarse-grained and soft. It is sometimes used for turning, but requires careful drying before use to avoid warping. A sample was prepared in Victoria in 1885 as part of a collection of local timber species under the direction of Government botanist Ferdinand von Mueller. The collection was displayed in various exhibitions, including the Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1889, and is housed at the Melbourne Museum.

Cultivation

Banksia marginata was first cultivated in England in 1802 (and was also listed as B. australis, B. insularis and B. marcescens). It was grown at Kew, Cambridge Botanic Gardens, Woburn Abbey and private gardens in Chelsea, Hackney and Harringay House. One specimen grown in a glasshouse at Kew was described as a tree  high with a trunk girth of two feet (60 cm) at 40 years of age.

B. marginata is generally fairly easy to grow in a well-drained sunny or partly-shaded position in the garden. It can be leggy in shadier positions, or a more compact bushy shrub in full sun . Some varieties from drier areas seem to do poorly in areas of summer humidity. The flowers are not prominent unless they are numerous. Established plants can withstand drought, coastal exposure and temperatures as low as . Propagation of plants can be by seed or cuttings; the latter is essential if trying to replicate plants of particular habit (such as dwarf specimens). Some Banksia marginata seed of subalpine provenance require stratification, namely keeping at  for 60 days before germination takes place over 6 to 25 days. Salkin proposed this was necessary so that seed released in a summer or autumn bushfire would lie dormant over the winter months before germinating in the spring. Banksia saxicola and  Banksia canei seed also share this trait.

Some dwarf forms have been commercially available in Australian nurseries, although some selections do not maintain their dwarf status in cultivation. Banksia 'Mini Marg' is a small form selected from the northeastern coast of Tasmania which reaches  high and  wide. 'Mallacoota Dwarf' was selected from a natural population at Mallacoota, Victoria. Alf Salkin reported a form from Kanangra Walls with a peach-tinged limb as having horticultural potential, as well as a prostrate form from Cape Liptrap in Victoria. Banksia marginata, and the dwarf cultivar 'Mini Marg', have also been used in bonsai.

Footnotes

References
Salkin, Abraham Isaac (Alf) (1979). "Variation in Banksia in Eastern Australia". (MSc thesis). Clayton, Victoria: Monash University.

External links

marginata
Flora of New South Wales
Flora of South Australia
Flora of Tasmania
Flora of Victoria (Australia)
Trees of Australia
Trees of Mediterranean climate
Trees of mild maritime climate
Ornamental trees
Garden plants of Australia
Plants described in 1800
Taxa named by Antonio José Cavanilles


text:
Q: How to mock 'google_maps_flutter' package for flutter tests? I've recently started getting into flutter, but just as I was about to write a few widget tests, I noticed that I wasn't terribly sure how to mock out the Google Maps Flutter package.
Many examples I've seen include using the library "mockito" to mock out classes, but this assumes that the Google Maps widget will be injected into the widget to be tested. Unfortunately, with their given documentation and startup guide, this doesn't seem to be very possible:
class MapsDemo extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  State createState() => MapsDemoState();
}

class MapsDemoState extends State<MapsDemo> {

  GoogleMapController mapController;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Padding(
      padding: EdgeInsets.all(15.0),
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          RaisedButton(
            child: const Text('Go to London'),
            onPressed: mapController == null ? null : () {
              mapController.animateCamera(CameraUpdate.newCameraPosition(
                const CameraPosition(
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            },
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      ),
    );
  }

  void _onMapCreated(GoogleMapController controller) {
    setState(() { mapController = controller; });
  }
}

Note that the GoogleMaps widget cannot be passed in because onMapCreated is a required function, and that function relies private class method (give the parent widget access to GoogleMapsController). Many other examples of mockito mock functions that don't have this sort of callback function to set state.
There doesn't seem to be any other packages I've seen that can effectively mock out the GoogleMaps widget, so I don't really have any sort of example to follow. Ideally, what I was expecting was some sort of behavior like proxyquire or sinon in node.s (where you don't need to pass in the mocked libraries into function.constructors), but it looks like mockified classes need to be passed into the tested widgets.
Are there any other ideas on how to mock out this library for testing? Or should I just live with testing the actual functionality?

A: I managed to mock the GoogleMaps by mocking the channels it uses:
setUpAll(() async {
  SystemChannels.platform_views.setMockMethodCallHandler((MethodCall call) {
    switch (call.method) {
      case 'create':
        return Future<int>.sync(() => 1);
      default:
        return Future<void>.sync(() {});
    }
  });

  MethodChannel('plugins.flutter.io/google_maps_0', StandardMethodCodec())
    .setMockMethodCallHandler((MethodCall methodCall) async {
      return null;
    });
}

I got inspiration from this webview plugin test (which is a PlatformView like the GoogleMaps widget), as well as this GoogleMaps plugin test


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Anisuljalis e Nuruddin Ali Bin Haqan é um conto em um só nível, sem sub-histórias, da coletânea As Mil e uma Noites. Conta a trajetória de Anisuljalis (que alguns tradutores transliteram como Anis al-Jalis), uma escrava comprada pelo vizir para ser concubina do rei de Basra, que se apaixona pelo filho do vizir e acaba fugindo com ele para Bagdá, onde deparam com o califa Harune Arraxide.

O nome Anisuljalis significa, segundo o tradutor Mamede Mustafa Jarouche, "aquele (ou aquela) que é afável com os convivas". O orientalista francês Joseph-Charles Mardrus traduz o nome como Douce-Amie,, solução seguida pela edição de As Mil e Uma Noites da Editora Saraiva de 1961, baseada na de Mardrus, onde a personagem se chama Doce Amiga.

Trama da história
Um sultão tinha dois vizires, um bondoso, o outro, perverso e maldizente. Um dia, o sultão confiou 10 mil dinares ao vizir bom para adquirir uma concubina no mercado de escravos. Observe-se que, antes do tráfico de escravos negros para as Américas, no mundo árabe traficavam-se mulheres para fins sexuais, como mostram este e outros relatos de As Mil e Uma Noites. O vizir adquiriu a mais bela, instruída e refinada das escravas, chamada Anisuljalis (ou Anis al-Jalis), levando-a para sua casa a fim de prepará-la adequadamente antes de apresentá-la ao sultão.

Durante essa estadia, o filho do vizir, o belo Nuruddin Ali (ou Nur ad-Din Ali), apaixonou-se pela escrava e a deflorou. O vizir então desistiu de entregá-la ao sultão.

Ao morrer, o vizir deixou sua fortuna para o filho, que a dilapidou e acabou empobrecendo. Anisuljalis propôs que ele a revendesse no mercado para obter algum dinheiro. O principal interessado na escrava, o malvado vizir, aproveitou-se de sua posição para tentar adquiri-la a um baixo preço. Nuruddin, revoltado, agrediu o vizir. Para não ser preso, o casal teve de se exilar.

Embarcaram em um navio com destino a Bagdá. Chegando à cidade e não tendo aonde ir, foram descansar junto à porta de um belo jardim que pertencia ao califa. A cena do jardim é uma das mais cômicas de As Mil e Uma Noites, com o jardineiro, fingindo-se de proprietário do jardim, acolhendo o casal; este induzindo o jardineiro a beber vinho, em transgressão à lei islâmica; o califa, vendo acesas as luzes do palácio no jardim e achando que se trata de um incêndio, vai até lá, flagra os "invasores" e troca de roupas com um pescador para poder ouvir a jovem cantar ao alaúde sem ser reconhecido, etc.

Aliás, não é incomum em As Mil e Uma Noites o califa Harune Arraxide sair incógnito às ruas para sondar como vive o povo. O tema da troca de roupas entre um nobre e um plebeu também foi explorado pelo escritor norte-americano Mark Twain em seu romance histórico O Príncipe e o Mendigo.

Após revelar sua identidade, o califa entregou a Nuruddin uma carta de recomendação para o sultão. De volta a Basra, o perverso vizir não deu importância à carta, mandando prender Nuruddin. Quando este está prestes a ser decapitado, chega o emissário do califa, seu vizir Jafar, salvando Nuruddin e permitindo um final feliz à história.

fr: Le Conte des deux vizirs et d'Anîs al-Jalîs


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