text:
package com.microsoft.azure.management.sql.v2018_06_01_preview;

import com.microsoft.azure.arm.model.HasInner;
import com.microsoft.azure.management.sql.v2018_06_01_preview.implementation.ServerVulnerabilityAssessmentInner;
import com.microsoft.azure.arm.model.Indexable;
import com.microsoft.azure.arm.model.Refreshable;
import com.microsoft.azure.arm.model.Updatable;
import com.microsoft.azure.arm.model.Appliable;
import com.microsoft.azure.arm.model.Creatable;
import com.microsoft.azure.arm.resources.models.HasManager;
import com.microsoft.azure.management.sql.v2018_06_01_preview.implementation.SqlManager;

/**
 * Type representing ServerVulnerabilityAssessment.
 */
public interface ServerVulnerabilityAssessment extends HasInner<ServerVulnerabilityAssessmentInner>, Indexable, Refreshable<ServerVulnerabilityAssessment>, Updatable<ServerVulnerabilityAssessment.Update>, HasManager<SqlManager> {
    /**
     * @return the id value.
     */
    String id();

    /**
     * @return the name value.
     */
    String name();

    /**
     * @return the recurringScans value.
     */
    VulnerabilityAssessmentRecurringScansProperties recurringScans();

    /**
     * @return the storageAccountAccessKey value.
     */
    String storageAccountAccessKey();

    /**
     * @return the storageContainerPath value.
     */
    String storageContainerPath();

    /**
     * @return the storageContainerSasKey value.
     */
    String storageContainerSasKey();

    /**
     * @return the type value.
     */
    String type();

    /**
     * The entirety of the ServerVulnerabilityAssessment definition.
     */
    interface Definition extends DefinitionStages.Blank, DefinitionStages.WithServer, DefinitionStages.WithStorageContainerPath, DefinitionStages.WithCreate {
    }

    /**
     * Grouping of ServerVulnerabilityAssessment definition stages.
     */
    interface DefinitionStages {
        /**
         * The first stage of a ServerVulnerabilityAssessment definition.
         */
        interface Blank extends WithServer {
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the servervulnerabilityassessment definition allowing to specify Server.
         */
        interface WithServer {
           /**
            * Specifies resourceGroupName, serverName.
            * @param resourceGroupName The name of the resource group that contains the resource. You can obtain this value from the Azure Resource Manager API or the portal
            * @param serverName The name of the server for which the vulnerability assessment is defined
            * @return the next definition stage
            */
            WithStorageContainerPath withExistingServer(String resourceGroupName, String serverName);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the servervulnerabilityassessment definition allowing to specify StorageContainerPath.
         */
        interface WithStorageContainerPath {
           /**
            * Specifies storageContainerPath.
            * @param storageContainerPath A blob storage container path to hold the scan results (e.g. https://myStorage.blob.core.windows.net/VaScans/)
            * @return the next definition stage
            */
            WithCreate withStorageContainerPath(String storageContainerPath);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the servervulnerabilityassessment definition allowing to specify RecurringScans.
         */
        interface WithRecurringScans {
            /**
             * Specifies recurringScans.
             * @param recurringScans The recurring scans settings
             * @return the next definition stage
             */
            WithCreate withRecurringScans(VulnerabilityAssessmentRecurringScansProperties recurringScans);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the servervulnerabilityassessment definition allowing to specify StorageAccountAccessKey.
         */
        interface WithStorageAccountAccessKey {
            /**
             * Specifies storageAccountAccessKey.
             * @param storageAccountAccessKey Specifies the identifier key of the storage account for vulnerability assessment scan results. If 'StorageContainerSasKey' isn't specified, storageAccountAccessKey is required
             * @return the next definition stage
             */
            WithCreate withStorageAccountAccessKey(String storageAccountAccessKey);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the servervulnerabilityassessment definition allowing to specify StorageContainerSasKey.
         */
        interface WithStorageContainerSasKey {
            /**
             * Specifies storageContainerSasKey.
             * @param storageContainerSasKey A shared access signature (SAS Key) that has write access to the blob container specified in 'storageContainerPath' parameter. If 'storageAccountAccessKey' isn't specified, StorageContainerSasKey is required
             * @return the next definition stage
             */
            WithCreate withStorageContainerSasKey(String storageContainerSasKey);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the definition which contains all the minimum required inputs for
         * the resource to be created (via {@link WithCreate#create()}), but also allows
         * for any other optional settings to be specified.
         */
        interface WithCreate extends Creatable<ServerVulnerabilityAssessment>, DefinitionStages.WithRecurringScans, DefinitionStages.WithStorageAccountAccessKey, DefinitionStages.WithStorageContainerSasKey {
        }
    }
    /**
     * The template for a ServerVulnerabilityAssessment update operation, containing all the settings that can be modified.
     */
    interface Update extends Appliable<ServerVulnerabilityAssessment>, UpdateStages.WithRecurringScans, UpdateStages.WithStorageAccountAccessKey, UpdateStages.WithStorageContainerSasKey {
    }

    /**
     * Grouping of ServerVulnerabilityAssessment update stages.
     */
    interface UpdateStages {
        /**
         * The stage of the servervulnerabilityassessment update allowing to specify RecurringScans.
         */
        interface WithRecurringScans {
            /**
             * Specifies recurringScans.
             * @param recurringScans The recurring scans settings
             * @return the next update stage
             */
            Update withRecurringScans(VulnerabilityAssessmentRecurringScansProperties recurringScans);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the servervulnerabilityassessment update allowing to specify StorageAccountAccessKey.
         */
        interface WithStorageAccountAccessKey {
            /**
             * Specifies storageAccountAccessKey.
             * @param storageAccountAccessKey Specifies the identifier key of the storage account for vulnerability assessment scan results. If 'StorageContainerSasKey' isn't specified, storageAccountAccessKey is required
             * @return the next update stage
             */
            Update withStorageAccountAccessKey(String storageAccountAccessKey);
        }

        /**
         * The stage of the servervulnerabilityassessment update allowing to specify StorageContainerSasKey.
         */
        interface WithStorageContainerSasKey {
            /**
             * Specifies storageContainerSasKey.
             * @param storageContainerSasKey A shared access signature (SAS Key) that has write access to the blob container specified in 'storageContainerPath' parameter. If 'storageAccountAccessKey' isn't specified, StorageContainerSasKey is required
             * @return the next update stage
             */
            Update withStorageContainerSasKey(String storageContainerSasKey);
        }

    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


A knitted version of a traditional Scottish Tam. Pressed in to a flat shape and topped with a big pom-pom, in soft 'Extrafine' Merino Wool. Plain stripe knit with a rib edge.
A Cool Wash is required. Cool machine wash on a wool cycle.


text:
Dyfed Pension Fund Committee - Thursday, 21st February, 2019 10.00 am
Venue: Democratic Services Committee Room, County Hall, Carmarthen - County Hall, Carmarthen. SA31 1JP.. View directions
Apologies for absence were received from Councillor Dai Thomas and Mr Randal Hemingway.
DECLARATIONS OF PERSONAL INTERESTS
Nature of Interest
D.E. Williams
Member of the Dyfed Pension Fund
T.J. Jones
R. Evans
MINUTES OF THE MEETING OF THE COMMITTEE HELD ON THE 18TH SEPTEMBER 2018 PDF 162 KB
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the minutes of the meeting of the Committee held on the 18th September 2018 be signed as a correct record.
BUDGET MONITORING 1 APRIL 2018 - 31 DECEMBER 2018 PDF 145 KB
Report , item 4. PDF 99 KB
The Committee received the Dyfed Pension Fund Budget Monitoring report which provided an update on the latest budgetary position in respect of the 2018/19 financial year. It was noted that the current position, as at 31st December 2018, forecast an under-spend of £2,815k in cash terms. With regard to expenditure, the net effect of benefits payable and transfers out represented a £258k over-spend mainly influenced by the uncontrollable nature of lump sum payments and transfers out of the fund. Management expenses were underspent by £37k. With regard to income, the net effect of contributions, investment income and transfers in represented an under-spend of £3m. Overall, total fund expenditure was forecast to be £86.7m and total income £89.5m representing a positive cash flow position of £2.8m.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the Dyfed Pension Fund Monitoring Report be received.
DYFED PENSION FUND BUDGET 2019-2020 PDF 146 KB
The Committee considered the Dyfed Pension Fund Budget for 2019-20. It was noted that the cash related expenditure for 2019-20 had been set at £87.8m and the cash related income at £87.8m, resulting in a net budget of £0 which provided the Fund with flexibility to utilise investment income based on cash flow requirements.
With regard to expenditure levels, the Committee noted that benefits payable had been estimated to be £79.5m which included provision for a 2.4% pensions increase, based on the September 2018 CPI together with a 2% net effect for new pensioner members. Management expenses had been estimated at £5.6m, of which £3m had been budgeted for investment manager fees. It was further noted that income contributions had been estimated at £72.1m, comprising £52.8m employer and £19.3m employee contributions, with employer rates based on the 2016 valuation plus 2% factored in for pay increases in 2019-20. Investment income had been estimated at £14m to maintain a cash neutral budget and ensuring the fund was not retaining a cash surplus which could be invested. The non-cash related budget had been set at £50m based on an estimate of the realised gains and losses for individual manager portfolio rebalances and sales and purchases within the property portfolios.
The Committee was informed that funds managed by Columbia Threadneedle and Baillie Gifford had been transferred into the Wales Pension Partnership in January/February 2019. It was advised that figures relating to the Dyfed Pension Fund costs to the Wales Pension Partnership were partly based on estimates and more reliable data would be available in the next financial year. Budget monitoring in relation to the Pool would be provided on a quarterly basis.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the Dyfed Pension Fund Budget for 2019-20 be approved.
CASH RECONCILIATION AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2018 PDF 142 KB
The Committee considered the Cash Reconciliation report which provided an update on the cash position in respect of the Dyfed Pension Fund. It was noted that as at 31st December 2018, £8.7m cash was being held by Carmarthenshire County Council on behalf of the Fund for immediate cash flow requirements to pay pensions, lump sums and investment management costs.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the Dyfed Pension Fund Cash Reconciliation report be received.
BREACHES REPORT PDF 150 KB
The Committee received for consideration the Breaches Report in relation to the Dyfed Pension Fund. The Committee noted that Section 70 of the Pension Act 2004 sets out the legal duty to report breaches of the law. In the Code of Practice No. 14, published by the Pensions Regulator in April 2015, paragraphs 241 to 275 provide guidance on reporting these breaches. The Dyfed Pension Fund Breaches Policy was approved by the Dyfed Pension Fund Panel in March 2016. Under the policy, breaches of the law were required to be reported to the Pensions Regulator where there was a reasonable cause to believe that:
· a legal duty which is relevant to the administration of the scheme has not been, or is not being, complied with;
· the failure to comply was likely to be of material significance to the Regulator in the exercise of any of its functions.
The Committee noted that since the last meeting there had been a number of instances where employee/employer contributions had not been received on time. However, all contribution payments were now up to date or expected to be received shortly and no report had been sent to the Pensions Regulator.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the Breaches Report in relation to the Dyfed Pension Fund be noted.
RISK REGISTER PDF 146 KB
Report , item 8. PDF 100 KB
The Committee received for consideration a Risk Register which captured all the risks identified in relation to the functions of the Dyfed Pension Fund. The register, which was regularly monitored and reviewed, included information as follows:
· Details of all identified risks
· Assessment of the potential impact, probability and risk rating
· The risk control measures that are in place
· The responsible officer
· Target Date (if applicable)
The risks would continue to be reviewed on a quarterly basis and any amendments would be drawn to the Committee's attention.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the Risk Register be approved.
MINISTRY OF HOUSING, COMMUNITIES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT (MHCLG) CONSULTATION ON DRAFT STATUTORY GUIDANCE ON ASSET POOLING IN THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT PENSION SCHEME (LGPS) PDF 141 KB
Draft Guidance , item 9. PDF 130 KB
The Committee considered an MHCLG consultation on draft statutory guidance on asset pooling in the LGPS, appended with a note by Hymans Robertson LLP, consultants to the Wales Pension Partnership.
The Committee noted that the draft statutory guidance contained a provision that would expect pool members to make new investments through the pool from 2020. The Committee was advised that the Dyfed Pension Fund would have made the majority of its investments within the pool by 2020. It was suggested that the Committee could flag the potential negative impact of this provision on investments in its response letter. The Committee was advised that responses were due by the 28th March and a draft response would be circulated to Committee Members and agreed by the Chair mid-March.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the MHCLG consultation and Hymans paper be noted.
PRESENTATION BY THE HOST AUTHORITY ON MILESTONES AND PROGRESS UPDATE - WALES PENSION PARTNERSHIP PDF 138 KB
Presentation , item 10. PDF 97 KB
The Treasury & Pension Investments Manager provided the Committee with an update on the milestones and progress of the Wales Pension Partnership. The Committee noted that the launch and transition of assets into two Global Equity sub-funds (£3.5bn) had been completed. It was advised that initial indicators suggested that the trading had proceeded as expected and an evaluation comparing the pre-trade report to the post-trade report would be provided by the end of March 2019. The target launch date for Tranche 2 (UK and European Equities, around £700m) could potentially be delayed into April 2019. With regard to Tranche 3 (Fixed Income, around £3bn), the Committee was advised that sub-funds had yet to be agreed by the Wales Pension Partnership Joint Governance Committee, potentially delaying the launch to September 2019. This was due to the weather-related cancellation of the Joint Governance Committee's meeting in January 2019. Overall the pooling exercise was progressing well.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the presentation be received.
ANY OTHER ITEMS OF BUSINESS THAT BY REASONS OF SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES THE CHAIR DECIDES SHOULD BE CONSIDERED AS A MATTER OF URGENCY PURSUANT TO SECTION 100B (4)(B) OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT 1972
There were no items of urgent business.
EXCLUSION OF THE PUBLIC
THE REPORTS RELATING TO THE FOLLOWING ITEMS ARE NOT FOR PUBLICATION AS THEY CONTAIN EXEMPT INFORMATION AS DEFINED IN PARAGRAPH 14 OF PART 4 OF SCHEDULE 12A TO THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT 1972 AS AMENDED BY THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT (ACCESS TO INFORMATION) (VARIATION) (WALES) ORDER 2007. IF, FOLLOWING THE APPLICATION OF THE PUBLIC INTEREST TEST, THE BOARD RESOLVES PURSUANT TO THE ACT TO CONSIDER THESE ITEMS IN PRIVATE, THE PUBLIC WILL BE EXCLUDED FROM THE MEETING DURING SUCH CONSIDERATION.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED, pursuant to the Local Government Act 1972, as amended by the Local Government (Access to Information)(Variation) (Wales) Order 2007, that the public be excluded from the meeting during consideration of the following items as the reports contained exempt information as defined in paragraph 14 of Part 4 of Schedule 12A to the Act.
INDEPENDENT INVESTMENT ADVISER REPORT AT DECEMBER 2018
View the reasons why item 13. is restricted
Following the application of the public interest test it was UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED, pursuant to the Act referred to in Minute 12 above, to consider this matter in private, with the public excluded from the meeting as it would involve the disclosure of exempt information relating to the financial or business affairs of any particular person (including the Authority holding that information).
The Committee received the Independent Investment Adviser Report which provided information in relation to the investment managers' performance for the quarterly, 12 month and rolling 3 year periods ending 31st December 2018.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the Independent Investment Adviser Report as at 31st December 2018 be noted.
NORTHERN TRUST PERFORMANCE REPORT 31 DECEMBER 2018
The Committee considered the Northern Trust Performance report for the Dyfed Pension Fund as at 31st December 2018 which provided performance analysis at a total fund level and by investment manager for the periods up to inception.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the Northern Trust Performance report for the Dyfed Pension Fund as at 31st December 2018 be received.
The Committee considered an application of securities lending for the Dyfed Pension Fund investments within the Wales Pension Partnership. The application included a Mercer report on securities lending and the Northern Trust proposal. The Committee was advised that adoption of the proposed trading solution was subject to approval from all eight LGPS funds in Wales and that the Committee would receive quarterly progress updates if the solution was adopted. The Independent Investment Adviser agreed with the principle of securities lending.
UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED that the application of securities lending be approved, provided that the trading solution was regularly monitored and was only applied in the first instance to the Wales Pension Partnership's Global Growth Fund.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
/*
 * To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
 * To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */

package com.authentication;

import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.UUID;

/**
 *Is a class for creating new AuthTokens, for testing validity of submitted tokens
 * and for matching token with the User it belongs to. AuthToken's are String
 * representations of UUID objects, a universally Unique 128 bit value.
 * When a new authToken is generated, it is put in a HashMap which maps the
 * String value of the Token to an AuthTokenStamp object. AuthTokenStamp is an
 * inner class of AuthTokenGenerator which is responsibility for logging the
 * time a stamp is set to expire and the user it was assigned to.
 * @author willpassidomo
 */
public class AuthTokenGenerator {
    HashMap<String, authTokenStamp> tokens = new HashMap<>();

    /**
     * Returns a new, valid authtoken mapped to the User, user
     * @param user the user to be associated with the authToken
     * @return the newly created authToken
     */
    public String newAuthToken(User user) {
        GregorianCalendar date = new GregorianCalendar();
        date.add(GregorianCalendar.HOUR, 24);
        authTokenStamp token = new authTokenStamp(user, date);
        String authToken = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        tokens.put(authToken, token);
        return authToken;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the User associated with the token if it is valid,. Throws
     * InvaliAccessTokenException if token is not mapped or if token has expired.
     * @param authToken the authToken to be checked
     * @return the User associated with the AuthToken
     * @throws InvalidAccessTokenException if the authToken is not a valid authToken
     * of if the authToken is expired
     */

    public User checkToken(String authToken) throws InvalidAccessTokenException {
        authTokenStamp token = tokens.get(authToken);
        if (token != null) {
            if (token.getDate().after(Calendar.getInstance())){
                return token.getUser();
            } else {
                throw new InvalidAccessTokenException("Token is expired",token.getUser());
            }
        } else {
            throw new InvalidAccessTokenException("Not a valid Token!");
        }
    }

    /**
     * Removes the passed token, authToken from the map. Throws InvalidAccessTokenException
     * if token is not mapped.
     * @param authToken the authToken to be removed
     * @throws InvalidAccessTokenException if the authToken is not a valid authToken
     * of if the authToken is expired
     */
    public void removeToken(String authToken) throws InvalidAccessTokenException {
        if (tokens.remove(authToken) == null) {
            throw new InvalidAccessTokenException("Not a valid Token, could not be removed");
        }
    }

    /**
     * AuthTokenStamp is an Immutable class with only 2 properties, a Date,
     * expirationDate and a User, user. AuthTokenStamps are created by AuthTokenGenerator,
     * each to track a particular authToken. Every authToken maps to an instance
     * of AuthTokenStamp in AuthTokenGenerator HashTable "tokens"
     */

    private class authTokenStamp {
        private GregorianCalendar date;
        private User user;

        public authTokenStamp(User user, GregorianCalendar date) {
            this.user = user;
            this.date = date;
        }

        /**
         * @return the date
         */
        public GregorianCalendar getDate() {
            return date;
        }

        /**
         * @return the user
         */
        public User getUser() {
            return user;
        }
    }

}


text:
HomeBusinessSeven Regulatory Challenges that may Cripple Telecom Industry this Year
Seven Regulatory Challenges that may Cripple Telecom Industry this Year
A latest report released by Strand Consult has revealed that global telecoms players will face seven key regulatory challenges this year, including that technology is outsmarting regulators.
According to Strand Consult, in the telecom industry, regulation is not driven by market failure, but market success stressing, "In less than a generation, the telecom industry succeeded to connect nearly every person to a mobile phone and almost half of the world to the Internet. During this period, prices have fallen more than 90%, while data volumes increased thousands of times," said Strand Consult.
However, the industry still faces many difficulties, it noted.
1. Operators Stuck in Old ways of doing things
The first challenge is that many operators are still stuck in old-fashioned ways of doing business.
"There has been a paradigm shift in the role of the policy function within the telecom operator. In the past, telecom regulation was made in a closed environment with operators, regulators and politicians," Strand said.
"It was a matter of national pride and security to build great telecom companies, but today, these enterprises are derided in favour of foreign over-the-top (OTT) providers which offer little to nothing in the way of tax revenue, local employment and local development.
"Today's policy process is not only open and digitised, but is disrupted by a new set of actors. Moreover, Internet companies such as Google and Netflix abuse the regulatory process to win favourable regulation, and work in concert with advocacy organisations and millions of activists coordinated with global digital software platforms."
2. New Drivers of Regulation
Not only are operators subject to OTT competition from abroad, but foreign activists hijack the policy process, Strand said.
"Activists are globally-networked and use sophisticated digital tools to manufacture a 'public' in support of special interest regulation. Addressing this challenge effectively requires a new set of strategies, engagement with a new set of stakeholders, and greater coordination within the telecom organisation."
3. Political Capture of Regulatory Process
A major challenge, according to Strand, is that most political leaders don't understand the industry and frequently undermine regulators' independence. It could be that the regulator has the right information and conclusion, but political leaders desire a different outcome.
"Some regulators fall prey to propaganda and participate in populism, undermining their own credibility in the long run, but winning politically in the short run."
Regulators' efforts sometimes also fail to motivate local municipalities to behave in the public interest.
"Indeed, almost a quarter of planned infrastructure is not deployed because operators can't get building permissions and/or rental prices for land are too high."
4. Technology Outsmarts Regulators
Strand said regulators are expected to work with a long-time horizon when it's difficult to know whether their decisions will be correct. This is further complicated as "technology evolves and obviates regulators' earlier information and objectives".
On top of the steep technology learning curve, regulators are also limited in the time and budget to learn new skills.
"Many come to work with an academic degree in law or economics, but that expertise is not refreshed. As such, many are ill-equipped to understand convergence and thus fall back on applying outmoded paradigms to dynamic markets."
5. Few Incentives and Rewards for Evidence-based Decisions
The evidence-based policy approach is frequently rejected for lack of skills, time, or interest, Strand suggests. Regulators have limited time to review past decisions to see whether they were correct.
"Evidence can be inconclusive or contradictory to political goals, and there is pressure to deliver policy implementation and results within short time frames. Even if the regulator has the time, there are challenges to getting the right information, including the cost, quality and access to data."
Strand said that whether the regulator has the skills to assess and interpret the data is also a question. As a result, it is not uncommon that operators face a contradictory regulatory environment and changing expectations from regulators.
6. Populist Policies have Harmed many Countries.
A number of regulators find themselves in a situation where their governments have implemented bad policy which regulators are now responsible to implement.
"Consider mobile roaming regulation in Europe which undermines the business case for MVNOs [mobile virtual network operators] or net neutrality which was supposed to create innovation, but no country can point to a new app or invention as a result. Instead the largest American Internet companies have even greater market share than before ? the very opposite of the promised outcome that net neutrality rules would create the next Google."
7. Regulation Deters Product Development and Business Innovation.
Strand said it is estimated the regulatory approach of the prior decade in the US had deterred between $30 billion and $40 billion annually in new products and services, innovation and business development.
"Getting the right framework is of particular importance as we move toward 5G and the Internet of things in which prioritised services, flexible pricing, innovative solutions, quality of service and advanced business models will be necessary to launch new products. Rules about privacy, big data, security, network management and so forth will impact the level of innovation and execution of new products and services," the group concluded.
Restructuring: No Job Loss, BPE Assures NIPOST Staff
Public Cloud Spend to Reach $160bn in 2018


A special thanks to Jago Soria for doing this impromptu photo shoot at the MHB studio Lab. Jago is a fantastic photographer and is located in the LA area. For more information and to see some of his additional work visit his official website at http://www.jagosoriaphotography.com/ – Once again, thanks Jago and I look forward to many more photo shoots in the future and working on pictures for the new album coming out soon.


Your car's suspension system keeps your vehicle's auto body connected to your wheels, dampens the up and down movement when rolling over irregularities in the road, and controls the involuntary, bouncing movement naturally created by your car to make your travel a lot more comfortable and stable.
Like many aspects of vehicle maintenance, Chassis Lubrication frequency is largely dependent on how the vehicle is used. A vehicle that is used near or in water on a regular basis will need lubricated more often.
It is recommended to lubricate the chassis with each oil change, maintenance service, or safety inspection.
Symptoms of a chassis in need of lubrication include pops and squeaks seemingly coming from the car body or frame.
• Tires - There are several maintenance related services related to prolonging the life of your tires including: Inflation, Rotation, and Tire Tread Depth Inspection. Tires are designed to wear over time.
• Wheel Balance - Proper wheel balancing will help prevent wheel vibration, promote even wear of your tires (prolonging the life of your tires), and enhancing performance including better acceleration, braking, and fuel economy.
• Brake Rotor Discs/Drums - There are two kinds of brake systems: disc brakes and drum brakes. Disc brakes are the most common today. When you step on the brake pedal, the pads squeeze a disc-type rotor that's attached to the wheel. The resulting friction, when applied to each of the wheels, slows the car. And with drum brakes, shoes push out against a spinning brake drum, which is attached to the wheel. This friction slows the car. If brake pads/shoes are worn too much without replacement, damage can be done to the more expensive rotor disc or brake drum.
• Brakes Pads/Shoes - These are the most frequently replaced part of the braking systems. They are designed to wear away over time with frequent use.
• Brake Calipers - These hold the brake pads in the disc brake system. If pads wear down too much, damage can be done to the calipers as they press against the rotor disc.
In power rack-and-pinion steering, fluid is pressurized by a pump and pushes on either side of a piston to help you turn the car's wheels.
Changing the fluid helps to prolong the life of other, more expensive system components. Seals, O-rings and internal power-steering components will wear out and contaminate the fluid, forcing the pump to work harder and eventually break down.
Coolant, aka antifreeze, is the fluid that absorbs heat from the engine and then dissipates that heat when running through the radiator. It is also dissipated through the heat exchanger when you crank your heat in the winter.
Servicing involves flushing your car's cooling system,replacing the old coolant, and inspecting the raditor and hoses for damage, replacing them as necessary. Flushing the coolant and refilling the system removes dirt and rust that can clog up the cooling system. Also because of the hot, hostile environment, coolant will break down over time and rust inhibitors get used up, leaving the small cooling passages in your engine and radiator vulnerable to corrosion.
Most headlamps have multiple bulbs. If the high beam bulb goes out, you may not recognize it without proper inspection until you need them to drive safely on the road. There are also improvements you can make to your driving simply by upgrading your headlamp type.
You can have new bulbs and still have difficulty seeing at night. This often because of damaged or scuffed lenses. Lens can be either replaced or often cleaned & polished to keep you safe on the road a night.
• Spark plugs & wires - Spark plugs are devices in the cylinder that take in high voltage electricity and create a spark that ignites the gas and air mixture, and the resulting combustion ultimately powers the car.
• Belts - The car's water pump, power-steering pump and various other accessories are all powered by rubber drive belts. On some cars, each of these is driven by its own belt. In newer cars, all components are driven by one serpentine belt. There is also the timing belt which allows the crank shaft to drive the camshaft. During the inspection, your mechanic will look for signs of wear or excessive slack. He'll also look for signs of oil leaks from the adjacent seals, which can damage the belt and considerably shorten its life.
• Battery & Cables - Your battery powers the starter and all electronics when the engine is not running. The alternator charges the battery so you can restart your car when necessary.
• Engine Oil and Filter - Oil undergoes thermal breakdown due to high operating temperature. When this occurs, the oil becomes less effective as a lubricant. And without a good lubricant (read: expensive), parts of the engine rub together and wear each other out.
• Oxygen Sensor - The O2 sensor is to monitor how much unburned oxygen is in the auto's exhaust. Monitoring oxygen levels in the exhaust is a way of gauging the fuel mixture. It tells the computer if the fuel mixture is burning rich (less oxygen) or lean (more oxygen).
• Engine Air Filter - An air filter catches all the above-mentioned crud long before it can get to the engine. Often, the filter will be protected in a plastic box, to even further guard the engine from contaminants. You want to make sure not to starve your engine of air by letting the filter get overly dirty...it will make the vehicle run less efficiently..
The light could mean a costly problem, like a bad catalytic converter, or it could be something minor, like a loose gas cap. Prior to 1996, carmakers had their own engine diagnostic systems, primarily to ensure their cars were compliant with EPA pollution-control requirements. Starting with model-year 1996, automakers standardized their systems under protocol OBD-II, which stipulates diagnostic trouble codes and mandates that all cars provide a universal connector to access this information. The Check Engine light can even be turned off by some code readers, even though this action alone does not actually repair the underlying problem. In many such cases the light will simply come back on later.
Many confuse the Check Engine light with the Service Required light on many vehicles even though the two lights are not related. Check Engine light indicates trouble where the service required light is simply a notification that you should schedule vehicle maintenance.
When it comes to safety behind the wheel, being able to see clearly is one of the most vital. This is why you cannot underestimate the importance of wiper blades; they remove rain and weather elements but also dust, debris, dead insects, and anything else that may get in your line of sight. When wiper blades start to become worn and threaded, they can just smear things and make it worse.
Washer fluid can be key when it comes to removing debris from your windshield. Washer solvent is not merely water but is made of chemicals that resist freezing, help dissolve and clear away bugs, etc.
The cabin air filter helps trap pollen, bacteria, dust and exhaust gases that find their way into a car's HVAC system. It also prevents leaves, bugs and other debris from entering the system.
A dirty filter can cause musty odors in the vehicle and cause contaminants to become so concentrated that passengers breathe in more fumes and particles when riding in the car than when walking down the street. A restricted cabin air filter can also impair airflow causing interior heating and cooling problems. Over time, the heater and air conditioner may also become damaged by corrosion.
You can have new bulbs and other vehicles still have difficulty seeing you. This often because of damaged or scuffed lenses. Lens can be either replaced or often cleaned & polished to keep you safe on the road.
The exhaust system of your vehicle contain several components, some of which are expensive to replace. A worn out or damaged exhaust system can effect performance and the environment.
The sound of an exhaust, the gases produced, and the smell of exhaust is regulated in most of metro-Atlanta by the government. Meaning that if a component goes bad, there could be government fines and restrictions involved.
Different transmissions use different fluid types. The important thing to remember is that transmission fluid is just as important as engine oil and services much the same purpose. Transmission fluid lubricates the working parts of the transmission, which is what controls how you care changes gears in acceleration or deceleration.
Automatic transmissions generate more heat, which causes more fluid degradation. Contamination is more common in manual transmissions as synchronizers, bearings, and gears in the transmission wear out.
Changing your transmission fluid, sometimes called a flush, will prolong the life of your transmission.
If your vehicle is stalling, hesitating, or lagging, it may be that your fuel filter is clogged.
Inspection and replacement recommendations vary based on manufacturer and fuel delivery system of the vehicle.
Auto Maintenance is the process of inspecting auto parts on your vehicle that have a limited lifetime and are expected to wear out over time according to the manufacturer. Upon inspection, preferably at the manufacturer recommended intervals, the part's condition will be evaluated and the part should be replaced as necessary.
We service the following cities in Metro-Atlanta Georgia: Sugar Hill, Acworth, Tucker, Alpharetta, Villa Rica, Atlanta, Suwanee, Buford, Woodstock, Snellville, Chamblee, Sandy Springs, Covington, Mableton, Dallas, Roswell, Decatur, Norcross, Doraville, Marietta, Douglasville, Loganville, Duluth, Lithonia, Grayson, Lithia Springs, Kennesaw, Lake City, Lilburn, and Lawrenceville in Air Conditioning Services, Belts and Hose Inspection, Cabin Air Filters, Engine Air Filters, Fluid Services, Fuel Filter, Oil Change, Vehicle Alignment and Inspection, and Wheel Alignment and Balance.


One of the greatest problems in the world today may be the suffering of animals in the meat industry. In 2015, roughly 9.2 billion animals were raised and slaughtered in factory farms in the US alone, in conditions likely to cause extreme suffering.
This problem seems to be incredibly neglected. Many experts now believe that animals have conscious experiences, and are capable of experiencing pain. We tend to give much more weight to the suffering of humans than to the suffering of animals - this is potentially a form of "speciesism", valuing animals much less than they deserve.
There are things we can do to help solve this problem. Three main types of intervention look promising: persuading people to change their diets, lobbying for better welfare standards, and developing alternatives to animal products. However, the evidence in this area is not as strong as it is for global health interventions.
This profile sets out why you might want to work on improving animal welfare - and why you might not. This area looks particularly high-impact if you think animals' capacity to suffer is similar to that of humans, and the treatment of animals is unlikely to improve naturally as humanity makes progress.
Heuristics: We can use rules of thumb to focus our attention. In particular, we might look for important problems that are being neglected by others, or interventions for which there is lots of evidence, and a possibility to gather more (value of information).
Quantitative estimates: We might look at studies which estimate the cost-effectiveness of interventions, based on empirical data from randomised control trials (RCTs), althought there aren't RCTs for many of the most promising interventions in animal welfare.
Historical evidence: For interventions, like corporate campaigning, where it isn't possible to run effective RCTs, we might try to assess whether the intervention caused the company to change, and then use figures on the scale of the change to estimate the impact of the intervention.
Each year, tens of billions of animals are raised for meat and slaughtered on factory farms. This is many times more than the total number of humans alive today (~7 billion). A report on the conditions of modern factory farming by the Humane Society of the United States details how dire these conditions can be. Chickens raised for meat are kept in densely populated sheds with large amounts of waste accumulating. Egg-laying hens are packed together in small cages, while male chicks are ground up alive or gassed. Some dairy cows are kept inside all year round and more than half of them are separated from their calves within 14 hours of birth. Breeder pigs are kept in stalls for years where they cannot even turn around.
It is also becoming clear that factory farming is harming the environment. A report by the Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that animal agriculture accounts for 14.5 percent of all human-induced emissions.
The problem of animal suffering looks even larger in scale when we also consider wild animals, which vastly exceed factory farmed animals in number. For example, it's estimated that between 0.97 and 2.74 trillion wild fish are caught and slaughtered each year for human consumption. Many more wild animals suffer in the natural environment.
Especially given the scale of the problem, animal welfare seems incredibly neglected. Around 97% of philanthropic funding in the US goes towards helping humans. The remaining 3% is split between the environment and animals. Even within the funding spent on animal welfare, only 1% goes towards farmed animals, although over 99% of domesticated animals are farmed animals.  In total, an estimated $10-40 million is spent each year on reducing animal suffering in factory farms, roughly a tenth of a cent per animal. Work to improve the welfare of wild animals is even more neglected.
There is a small but growing base of evidence on animal welfare interventions, suggesting promising ways to make progress on this problem, and that some approaches could be cost-effective.
Campaigns to try to get large companies to reduce their impact on animal suffering are one of the most promising types of intervention. Corporate campaigns to date have resulted in cage-free pledges from around 100 companies, sparing about 60 million hens annually from confinement. Lewis Bollard (Program Manager for animal welfare at the Open Philanthropy Project, and fund manager for the animal welfare Effective Altruism Fund) conservatively estimates that these campaigns will spare about 38 hens a year from cage confinement per dollar spent - and may save up to 250 hens a year from confinement (depending on how the money spent on these campaigns is counted).
Persuading individuals to go vegan/vegetarian may also be a promising approach. The expected value of going vegetarian seems to be significant. This case is strengthened by the fact that each individual going vegetarian may make it more likely that others go vegetarian. Distributing leaflets is cheap, so leaflet distribution could be cost-effective even if only one in every few hundred people decided to go vegetarian as a result. There have been some preliminary studies looking at the impact of leafleting, but the results are not yet particularly conclusive. ACE's leafleting study found a small proportion of people who received a leaflet about reducing animal product consumption did report stopping eating meat, relative to no change in a group who received a 'control' leaflet. However, the sample was too small for these results to be statistically significant.
Overall, RCTs and cost-effectiveness analyses suggest that there are opportunities to have a large impact on animal welfare. The evidence from corporate campaigns seems particularly promising. However, the evidence base here is still relatively small, which suggests we should be less confident in these estimates of direct cost-effectiveness. This is because we might think that most interventions are not very cost-effective, so we should be skeptical of weak evidence of high impact. However, it also suggests that it may be worthwhile to invest more resources into evaluating the impact of animal welfare interventions. This could help us to make better decisions in future - focusing our efforts elsewhere if these interventions do not seem to be effective, and scaling them up if the results are more promising.
Scale: Tens of billions of animals suffer and are slaughtered in factory farms annually. Orders of magnitude more animals suffer in the wild.
Neglected: Less than 3% of all philanthropic funding goes towards helping animals, and only a tiny proportion of that funding actually going towards the animals who suffer the most.
Cost-effective: Corporate campaigns have had some large successes in persuading big companies to change their practices, and rough calculations suggest that these campaigns could be extremely cost-effective.
High value of information: Doing more research into this issue could help us to decide how many resources we should devote to the problem.
Some people object to the idea of reducing factory farming by claiming that eating meat is natural - or that we need to eat meat in order to be healthy. There are a few important points to note in response to these concerns.
First, just because something is "natural" does not necessarily mean that it is good. For example, it is natural for children to go unvaccinated, with a large proportion dying at a young age. But this state of affairs seems clearly wrong.
Second, even if some amount of predation were natural and necessary, factory farming is not particularly natural. Hens are not naturally kept in tiny cages indoors, and cows are not naturally separated from their calves. At best, wanting to do things that are "natural" could justify personally hunting animals and eating them - but not buying factory farmed, prepared meat from the supermarket.
Moreover, many of the unnatural conditions in factory farms are avoidable. We have the resources to raise animals in a more humane way, alleviating their suffering.
There are still risks that a vegan diet can lead to deficiencies in certain micronutrients, such as B12 and Omega 3. It's relatively easy to find vegan foods that contain these nutrients (such as dark green vegetables and fortified cereals/drinks), and/or to take supplements, but this does require a bit of thought and effort.
Why might you not choose to prioritise animal welfare as a cause area?
Animal welfare seems to be a promising cause area. But there are also a number of reasons why you might be unconvinced by this analysis, or why you might think that a different cause area is likely to hold even greater opportunities to do good.
The evidence base here is still relatively weak, especially when compared to global health interventions. It is normally clear exactly where and how more money directed towards global poverty can improve and save lives. By contrast, much less research has been done on animal welfare interventions.
However, even if there is not enough evidence to say that the intervention is definitely high impact, there seems to be a significant probability that it is very high impact, which could make the expected value high. Some sorts of work, particularly additional research, may also help us to gain more evidence. This is valuable because it helps us make better funding decisions in the future.
Though it seems likely that animals have the capacity to suffer and feel pain, it seems reasonable to be more confident of human consciousness than of animal consciousness. We have direct evidence of the former, but we still know very little about which physical or functional characteristics are needed to create conscious experience. Depending on how much more confident we think we should be of human consciousness, this might suggest assigning considerably less moral weight to animals than humans, and therefore prioritising interventions in human welfare.
You might also think that there are other reasons that, for example, make humans living in poverty worse than animals being kept in a cage. You might believe that humans' greater cognitive complexity means that their capacity to suffer is greater or more significant. Perhaps freedom and dignity are more important for humans than they are for animals, for example. Or perhaps you think that more complex forms of consciousness - the ability to reason and reflect, for example - are more important than pleasure and pain, and that only humans are capable of experiencing these.
Human societies are capable of development in a way that animal societies are not, and so we might think that the indirect effects of human-focused interventions will be greater. However, improving attitudes towards animals might increase our circle of empathy generally, which could itself have positive indirect effects.
However, improving the lives of humans could also have negative indirect effects for animals, since people generally eat more meat as they get richer. This is sometimes known as the meat-eater problem.
Relatedly, it's also worth considering how likely the problems faced by humans and animals are to be solved without us intervening. There may be good reason to expect that humans will be naturally motivated to improve their lives and the lives of others. It's less clear whether humans will be naturally inclined to improve the lives of animals.
This might be a point in favour of prioritising them in our altruistic efforts. Even if we think that humanity's ability to empathise with animals is likely to increase naturally, it's not clear this will happen fast enough to outweigh our increasing ability to 'accidentally' harm animals as a result of pursuing other goals. We probably harm many more animals today through the practice of factory farming than our ancestors did hundreds of years ago, despite the fact that our empathy for animals appears to have increased - simply because it's easier for us to harm animals at scale, and to participate in harming animals (e.g. by purchasing meat) without having to cause the harm ourselves directly.
In the case of animals, focusing more on the long run future might mean focusing more on changing attitudes and reducing speciesism, and less on short-term farming practices.
1. How much do future lives matter?
Since future lives don't exist yet (by definition), some people think we have less moral reason to help them than those who do exist. On "person-affecting" views, an action can only be good or bad if it is good or bad for someone - and so actions that will benefit future generations of people or animals cannot be either good or bad, since there is no-one specific they are good or bad for.
If you don't think future lives matter, then you'll want to focus on alleviating the most immediate forms of suffering. It's also worth noting that person-affecting views might also affect how important you think certain kinds of animal advocacy interventions are - since animals live relatively short lives, the impact of many of these interventions will be on animals that don't yet exist, giving less moral weight to these views.
However, we do think there are some convincing reasons to object to person-affecting views (not least that they lead to some counter-intuitive conclusions), and that future beings do matter morally, which we discuss in more detail in our profile on the long-run future.
2. Is there anything we can do to improve the lives of future sentient beings with any certainty?
There is an empirical question of how easy it is for our actions today to have any impact on people and animals living in the long-run future. You might think that future and presently-existing living beings are equally important, but that it's much easier for us to do things that help those currently alive, and that we can therefore have a greater impact by focusing on them.
3. How concerned should we be about the possibility of extinction, and is there anything we can do about it?
If you believe that there is a serious threat of human extinction in the next century (or less), and that there are actions we can take now to reduce that threat, then it could be more important to focus on reducing those threats than on improving the welfare of either humans or animals in the more short-term. Suppose there was a >50% chance of an asteroid hitting the earth in the next 50 years that would wipe out all life. Suppose further we were confident that there were things we could do to detect and prevent the asteroid impact, but that doing so would take a great deal of resources. In this situation, we would probably be willing to prioritise putting resources towards this over putting resources into reducing factory farming right now - precisely because it's little use improving the lives of animals if the whole planet might soon be wiped out.
Of course, this depends a great deal on how likely you think the asteroid (or other existential threat) is, and how confident you are that any attempts to thwart it can make a difference. Short of being 100% certain of the threat and exactly how to prevent it, we wouldn't want to divert all the world's resources away from more immediate problems - but we would likely seriously reprioritise. Even if the threat is relatively small, it seems like we should be investing some resources into anticipating and preventing a potential global catastrophe, given how much is at stake. We think this kind of work may currently be too neglected given its importance, because it is so abstract. This perspective and the reasons to take it seriously are outlined in more detail in our profile on the long-run future.
The problem of animal suffering is huge in scale: each year, at least tens of billions of animals live in dire conditions and are slaughtered in factory farms.
The current state of evidence suggests we should put a high probability on animals being conscious and able to suffer.
The problem of animal suffering is incredibly neglected relative to its scale, with less than 3% of total philanthropic funding going towards animal welfare, and less than 1% of that funding going towards factory farming, the practice that accounts for more than 99% of animals used and then killed by humans.
There is also good reason to think that the problem is relatively tractable: campaigning of various forms has been shown in the past to be effective at changing individual and institutional behaviour as well as regulations around the treatment of animals, and innovation in the food industry seems a very promising way to make it easier for people to avoid animal products.
However, these interventions are not as well-proven as some focusing on human welfare, such as global health interventions.
Whether you believe this to be the most important cause depends on: how important you think it is to have strong evidence of effectiveness; how confident you are that animals are conscious; whether you think our treatment of animals will likely improve anyway, and how important you think it is to focus on the long-run future of civilisation over more immediate problems.
There are also psychological reasons to expect we might neglect this problem. We tend to be most motivated to help when we can empathise with a specific living being, and when we feel personally responsible for alleviating their suffering. But these motivating factors are absent for factory farming. The problem is somewhat hidden, affects many anonymous beings, and is something no single person feels much responsibility for.


text:
January 28, 2019 *** - Liked it / Book Reviews / High School / Middle School
Love, Life and the List by Kasie West
West, Kasie. Love, Life and the List. HarperTeen, 2017. 384p. ISBN 978-0062675774. $17.99. MS HS ***
Abby is in love with her best friend Cooper. She tried to come clean with him last summer but his less than enthusiastic response made her pass it off as a joke. Now summer has started, their other two best friends are off on their own adventures and so it is just her and Cooper. To complicate things further, Abby's mother's anxiety is at an all-time high and her paintings are rejected from an art show because her work lacks emotional depth. Abby decides that she will take a month for having ten new experiences to give more depth. With the help of her sarcastic grandfather she creates a list of ten things ranging from "read a classic work of literature" to "face a fear," all of which are designed to help her build up some heart. And of course Cooper is along for the ride.
This is a fairly unremarkable teen romance. West tries to add some substance by including issues like Abby's mothers challenging anxiety, her father's deployment to Iraq and some concerning boundary crossing by her father. Yet these things are never really explored in much detail and at times border on being trite. While Abby has some complexity to her character Cooper is really just a bro and not all that likeable. Most characters are white though Abby's best girlfriend Rachel is black. Unfortunately she is included as a side note rather than a main player as she leaves for the whole summer in the second chapter. On the plus side, West can be counted on to deliver romance that is safe for middle school readers and more conservative parents/teens.
Carla Avitabile, San Mateo Library
When My Heart Joins the Thousand by A.J. Steiger
Wrap Cord Bracelets (2.5 Ways)


On December 1st, World AIDS Day, the cast of "For Colored Girls" will assemble once more to honor their casting director, Robi Reed, at the 10th Annual Heroes in the Struggle Gala Awards Presentation. Reed carries the title of actress and producer in addition to casting director. Other films and TV shows in which she has worked her magic include: "Their Eyes Were Watching God," "Antwone Fisher," "Girlfriends," "Soul Food," "Set It Off," "Crooklyn," and many more of our favorites. She is an accomplished and talented African-American woman in Hollywood and has worked tirelessly to open doors for black actors for over 20 years. If anything else, she's damn good at what she does. There is no one else more fitting of the title of "hero." Congratulations to Reed on her achievement. Who is a hero in your life?


text:
package org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.txn;

import org.apache.hadoop.hive.common.ValidCompactorWriteIdList;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.CompactionInfoStruct;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.CompactionType;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.OptionalCompactionInfoStruct;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.TableValidWriteIds;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

/**
 * Information on a possible or running compaction.
 */
public class CompactionInfo implements Comparable<CompactionInfo> {

  /**
   *  Modifying this variables or adding new ones should be done in sync
   *  with the static methods {@code compactionStructToInfo()} and
   *  {@code compactionInfoToStruct()}. This class is going to be deserialized
   *  and serialized so missing this may result in the value of the field
   *  being resetted. This will be fixed at HIVE-21056.
   */
  public long id;
  public String dbname;
  public String tableName;
  public String partName;
  public char state;
  public CompactionType type;
  public String workerId;
  public long start;
  public String runAs;
  public String properties;
  public boolean tooManyAborts = false;
  /**
   * The highest write id that the compaction job will pay attention to.
   * {@code 0} means it wasn't set (e.g. in case of upgrades, since ResultSet.getLong() will return 0 if field is NULL)
   * See also {@link TxnUtils#createValidCompactWriteIdList(TableValidWriteIds)} and
   * {@link ValidCompactorWriteIdList#highWatermark}.
   */
  public long highestWriteId;
  byte[] metaInfo;
  String hadoopJobId;

  private String fullPartitionName = null;
  private String fullTableName = null;

  public CompactionInfo(String dbname, String tableName, String partName, CompactionType type) {
    this.dbname = dbname;
    this.tableName = tableName;
    this.partName = partName;
    this.type = type;
  }
  CompactionInfo(long id, String dbname, String tableName, String partName, char state) {
    this(dbname, tableName, partName, null);
    this.id = id;
    this.state = state;
  }
  CompactionInfo() {}

  public String getFullPartitionName() {
    if (fullPartitionName == null) {
      StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(dbname);
      buf.append('.');
      buf.append(tableName);
      if (partName != null) {
        buf.append('.');
        buf.append(partName);
      }
      fullPartitionName = buf.toString();
    }
    return fullPartitionName;
  }

  public String getFullTableName() {
    if (fullTableName == null) {
      StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(dbname);
      buf.append('.');
      buf.append(tableName);
      fullTableName = buf.toString();
    }
    return fullTableName;
  }
  public boolean isMajorCompaction() {
    return CompactionType.MAJOR == type;
  }

  @Override
  public int compareTo(CompactionInfo o) {
    return getFullPartitionName().compareTo(o.getFullPartitionName());
  }
  public String toString() {
    return "id:" + id + "," +
      "dbname:" + dbname + "," +
      "tableName:" + tableName + "," +
      "partName:" + partName + "," +
      "state:" + state + "," +
      "type:" + type + "," +
      "properties:" + properties + "," +
      "runAs:" + runAs + "," +
      "tooManyAborts:" + tooManyAborts + "," +
      "highestWriteId:" + highestWriteId;
  }

  @Override
  public int hashCode() {
    int result = 17;
    result = 31 * result + this.getFullPartitionName().hashCode();
    return result;
  }

  @Override
  public boolean equals(Object obj) {
    if (obj == this) {
      return true;
    }
    if (!(obj instanceof CompactionInfo)) {
      return false;
    }
    CompactionInfo info = (CompactionInfo) obj;
    return this.compareTo(info) == 0;
  }

  /**
   * loads object from a row in Select * from COMPACTION_QUEUE
   * @param rs ResultSet after call to rs.next()
   * @throws SQLException
   */
  static CompactionInfo loadFullFromCompactionQueue(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {
    CompactionInfo fullCi = new CompactionInfo();
    fullCi.id = rs.getLong(1);
    fullCi.dbname = rs.getString(2);
    fullCi.tableName = rs.getString(3);
    fullCi.partName = rs.getString(4);
    fullCi.state = rs.getString(5).charAt(0);//cq_state
    fullCi.type = TxnHandler.dbCompactionType2ThriftType(rs.getString(6).charAt(0));
    fullCi.properties = rs.getString(7);
    fullCi.workerId = rs.getString(8);
    fullCi.start = rs.getLong(9);
    fullCi.runAs = rs.getString(10);
    fullCi.highestWriteId = rs.getLong(11);
    fullCi.metaInfo = rs.getBytes(12);
    fullCi.hadoopJobId = rs.getString(13);
    return fullCi;
  }
  static void insertIntoCompletedCompactions(PreparedStatement pStmt, CompactionInfo ci, long endTime) throws SQLException {
    pStmt.setLong(1, ci.id);
    pStmt.setString(2, ci.dbname);
    pStmt.setString(3, ci.tableName);
    pStmt.setString(4, ci.partName);
    pStmt.setString(5, Character.toString(ci.state));
    pStmt.setString(6, Character.toString(TxnHandler.thriftCompactionType2DbType(ci.type)));
    pStmt.setString(7, ci.properties);
    pStmt.setString(8, ci.workerId);
    pStmt.setLong(9, ci.start);
    pStmt.setLong(10, endTime);
    pStmt.setString(11, ci.runAs);
    pStmt.setLong(12, ci.highestWriteId);
    pStmt.setBytes(13, ci.metaInfo);
    pStmt.setString(14, ci.hadoopJobId);
  }

  public static CompactionInfo compactionStructToInfo(CompactionInfoStruct cr) {
    if (cr == null) {
      return null;
    }
    CompactionInfo ci = new CompactionInfo(cr.getDbname(), cr.getTablename(), cr.getPartitionname(), cr.getType());
    ci.id = cr.getId();
    ci.runAs = cr.getRunas();
    ci.properties = cr.getProperties();
    if (cr.isSetToomanyaborts()) {
      ci.tooManyAborts = cr.isToomanyaborts();
    }
    if (cr.isSetState() && cr.getState().length() != 1) {
      throw new IllegalStateException("State should only be one character but it was set to " + cr.getState());
    } else if (cr.isSetState()) {
      ci.state = cr.getState().charAt(0);
    }
    ci.workerId = cr.getWorkerId();
    if (cr.isSetStart()) {
      ci.start = cr.getStart();
    }
    if (cr.isSetHighestWriteId()) {
      ci.highestWriteId = cr.getHighestWriteId();
    }
    return ci;
  }

  public static CompactionInfoStruct compactionInfoToStruct(CompactionInfo ci) {
    if (ci == null) {
      return null;
    }
    CompactionInfoStruct cr = new CompactionInfoStruct(ci.id, ci.dbname, ci.tableName, ci.type);
    cr.setPartitionname(ci.partName);
    cr.setRunas(ci.runAs);
    cr.setProperties(ci.properties);
    cr.setToomanyaborts(ci.tooManyAborts);
    cr.setStart(ci.start);
    cr.setState(Character.toString(ci.state));
    cr.setWorkerId(ci.workerId);
    cr.setHighestWriteId(ci.highestWriteId);
    return cr;
  }

  public static OptionalCompactionInfoStruct compactionInfoToOptionalStruct(CompactionInfo ci) {
    CompactionInfoStruct cis = compactionInfoToStruct(ci);
    OptionalCompactionInfoStruct ocis = new OptionalCompactionInfoStruct();
    if (cis != null) {
      ocis.setCi(cis);
    }
    return ocis;
  }
  public static CompactionInfo optionalCompactionInfoStructToInfo(OptionalCompactionInfoStruct ocis) {
    if (ocis.isSetCi()) {
      return compactionStructToInfo(ocis.getCi());
    }
    return null;
  }
}


text:
Led Zeppelin Master Forum
Zeppelin Mysteries Hosted by Steve A. Jones
By SteveAJones,
November 22, 2007 in Led Zeppelin Master Forum
Knebby
Location:Albion
You made me laugh even more.
Glad to have been of service. Your responses are typical of a type who think reading a few books makes them experts above those who were there.
Just imagine that you go to a gig tomorrow - it is a wonderful, magical event, every part of it becomes embedded in your soul as one of the loveliest times of your gig-going experiences - you spend the following weeks and months absorbing all the different anecdotes and facts about it, the memory of it always makes you smile.
Then 35 years down the line, someone who has read a couple of books and looked at a photo comes along and tells you your memories of it are wrong and your facts "excluded" - they may not have even been BORN at the time, but they are so much more of an expert about it than you that your recollections of it even make them laugh.
Oh and I'd rather have had the experience over any of the smart-arse collector's knowledge that so many try to accrue.
BTW - answering your question in this thread wasn't a problem - you're welcome.
Knebby, it's very good that you attended the show, but I don't think you could've accurately measured the number of people by just being in the crowd. We know the exact acreage of the area, and anyone who's into that type of things will confirm that 37 acres cannot hold more than 150K people.
I am more inclined to agree with Peter Grant and my memories of the day than I am with this kind of factoid.
Also, sorry for being irritable about your responses. Again, as quite often happens, I didn't make allowances for English not being your first language, and your responses seemed a bit rude to me in parts. Language barrier I am hoping?
So I hope we can move on from this with our different opinions intact. You won't change my mind, and I clearly won't change yours.
What the heck did I just read... I come up with specific information, such as the exact measure of the area where the festival was held, but you don't want to take that in(quoting: "but it is reckoned there were 250,000 there the first weekend and it certainly looked that way to me - never seen so many folk as far as the eye could see."). Terrible rebuttal, by the way.
Could you be more specific? I'm pretty sure that none of my responses were rude, to my understanding at least.
Unless you actually counted the number of people in attendance, your memories of the concert have nothing to do with what we're discussing, Edited March 23, 2013 by Geezer
SteveAJones
Location:Tokyo
What the heck did I just read... I come up with specific information, such as the exact measure of the area where the festival was held, but you don't want to take that in(quoting: "but it is reckoned there were 250,000 there the first weekend and it certainly looked that way to me - never seen so many folk as far as the eye could see."). Terrible rebuttal, by the way.Could you be more specific? I'm pretty sure that none of my responses were rude, to my understanding at least.
Could you be more specific? You've said the festival site was 37 acres which could not hold more than 150,000 people. What is this based on, exactly? I'd like to see the math because it seems to me if it were this easy to deduce then Bannister would not have capitulated to Grant.
Following the event, a dispute arose between Grant and Bannister about the attendance figures at the event. A query by Grant over ticket sales for the concerts resulted in him sending aerial pictures of the crowd to a monitoring laboratory in Nassau, New York, in order to establish the extent of the attendance. He claimed that some 218,000 people were at the first concert and 187,000 at the second. However, the license was for only 100,000 and Bannister claimed that only 104,000 had attended in the first week. For the second show, Grant brought in his own staff to man turnstiles and count tickets.
This disagreement eventually forced Bannister's concert promotion company into liquidation, which allegedly left unpaid bills of £50,000 for the police and £2,000 to the local borough council
Edited further to add:
I've found the mathematical formula you are referencing:
http://www.ukrockfestivals.com/79-Knebworth-festival.html
The site maintains an overtly anti-Led Zeppelin bias. I'll simply point out that although the overhead photos reveal large patches of unoccupied space, Led Zeppelin had yet to take the stage, having gone on well after dark. Secondly, the fact that Bannister could
not (or would not) produce the "dead wood" (as Peter liked to call ticket stubs) suggests Bannister didn't know the actual attendance
or knew it was well in excess of the 100,000 the event was licensed for. We also know there were gate crashers.
Assuming the photos provided by Grant were also taken during the day, I presume what was done was to calculate the max density
and multiply it by the acreage, thus arriving at approximately 218,000 attendees.
We may never know for certain what the actual attendance figures were, but it does seem to me the max capacity of the acreage should be a mystery that can be solved.
Edited March 23, 2013 by SteveAJones
Quoting Freddy Bannister:
"What rot! Even if it were true, how on earth we have fit a quarter of a million people into thirty-odd acres? They would have to have been standing on top of each other."
Edited March 23, 2013 by Geezer
.Could you be more specific? I'm pretty sure that none of my responses were rude, to my understanding at least.
How about you asking a question, me taking the time to try to answer you , and you responding with "Excluded".
Followed by how much I made you laugh.
I'll be sure to remember that this is how you answer people who try to answer your questions in future, Taro.
As for my "Terrible rebuttal" - thanks for the critique, but I have no idea what you are talking about.
Edited March 23, 2013 by Knebby
No one from NASA has actually looked at any photo of Knebworth Festival. It's just something that Grant concocted as a pretext to cajole Bannister into adding the second show.
And I'm afraid that this is 100 % conjecture on your part.
(BTW - do you really think that the second show, a week later, was only added AFTER the first? You make me laugh
Yes, it is my conjecture, but I think it's more accurate than your infeasbile 250K. Edited March 23, 2013 by Geezer
I think we need a qualified mathematician to accurately deduce how many adult human beings can stand in close proximity to each other within a 36.4 acre space.
An acre is 4840 square yards, or 43,560 square feet. If you take average-sized adults (50/50 male-female), the cross-sectional area is about 1.5 to 2.0 square feet at chest or hip level. Dividing, you would get quotients of 29,040 and 21,780. I think it would be safe to say between 20,000 and 30,000 average adults could stand on one acre of land. Or pick the average of those two numbers, about 25,000.
The festival site is believed to be 36.4 acres.
25,000 x 36 acres = 900,000 attendees.
Suddenly Grant's assertion of 218,000 attendees for the first show looks quite plausible.
Yes, it is my conjecture, but I think it's more accurate than your infeasbile 250K.
That's fine - like I said, enjoy your books and facts, I'll enjoy my memories, we'll live happy parallel lives
What we know for sure is that under 110K tickets were printed for the first show, and Steve, I hope you understand that no gatecrasher can double the audience.
"Mr Pruette further stated that even with an estimate of 4,000 persons per acre, only 24 acres were densely occupied and 8 acres were lightly occupied , this gave a total of 109,000 people which was the number Freddie Bannister had given to Grant."
How do we know for certain under 110,000 tickets were printed? I presume you'll say it's because the event was only licensed for 100,000, but this was the point of content between Grant and Bannister. Clearly - by any estimation - there were more than 100,00 attendees.
Edited to add: I'll take 24 acres at face value but even so if my math is correct (24 x 25,000 per acre) the max capacity is still 600,000.
If my estimations are correct (I'm not saying they are) then Pruette's figure of 4,000 per acre is woefully inaccurate. For one thing, as I said, Led Zeppelin went on at night so how does he in referencing daylight photos know 8 of the 24 acres remained sparsely populated? He may may have also factored in x amount of personal space for each of the 4,000, of which there was virtually nil as the film recordings show.
Let's assume for a second that Grant's numbers that festival was attended by 405K people are correct. In this case, the festival would have grossed 405K * 7.5 pounds = 3037500 pounds. If these numbers were true, the festival could not have been a financial loss for Bannister.
"The financial loss suffered by Bannister led to the liquidation of the Bannister's company, as they had had to shell out substantial fees to both Zeppelin and the company who were providing the sound and lighting."
Bannister was reluctant to add the second show, since he was afraid that it would be a financial fiasco. It was Grant who coaxed him into adding the second show because it would justify Led Zeppelin's $1 million remuneration. Edited March 23, 2013 by Geezer
Well again, as I understand the point of contention was that each date was only licensed for 100,000 attendees. I take this to mean Bannister was only paid for approx 200,000 attendees in total, thus he apparently took a loss as a result of providing security and services for approx. 405,000 attendees.
Bannister was reluctant to add the second show, since he was afraid that it would be a financial fiasco. It was Grant who coaxed him into adding the second show because it would justify Led Zeppelin's $1 million remuneration.
I'm fully aware of the background of the shows. However, the second show has NOTHING to do with the NASA/photograph incident, which Grant only brought into play after the disputes began. How could the NASA /photograph incident be used to persuade Bannister to hold a second show when the second show was planned, announced and sold months before the photograph could have been taken??
Speaking for myself, I'd never bash or second-guess either Bannister or Grant and certainly not 30+ years after the fact.
I do believe ultimately Bannister found himself in over his head with regard to the 1979 Knebworth Festival but Grant was fiercely loyal to the band and too shrewd a business man to take a loss. I cannot imagine him meeting with the band afterward to explain "you drew 405,000 attendees but you'll just break even".
I can definitely imagine Grant telling the promoter (Bannister) "we drew 405,000 attendees; you'll only be paid for the licensed amount of 200,000 but we will cut our renumeration to allow you to just break even."
How about not taking things too personally, especially online? "Excluded" referred to the number of spectators.
Where did this additional 250K come from? Bannister only sold 109K + 40K = 150K tickets. Are you trying to say that 250K people were able to breach into the venue/area? Edited March 23, 2013 by Geezer
LOL well you couldn't have been excluding me, could you, so I knew you meant the figure - it's still a rude way to respond by anyone's standards. It's nothing to do with me taking it personally but it actually WAS a personal response to my post.
Steve I think we are beating our heads on a brick wall here. Taro never wanted any answers - he knew them all anyway.
What's so personal in saying that "I exclude that you've accurately measured the number of spectators of a concert you attended 35 years ago?" I wish you would just leave this topic to me and Steve.
Well that's NOTHING like what you said, but this is pointless. I'll accept "language barrier" and move on - I thought we had, but I guess when I showed you how the NASA/photograph thing couldn't have had anything to do with Grant persuading Bannister to add a second show, you came back to this.
So you keep referring to the nonexistent language barrier... Okay, I think we should put an end to this pointless discussion.
Where did this additional 250K come from? Bannister only sold 109K + 40K = 150K tickets. Are you trying to say that 250K people were able to breach into the venue/area?
Where did the 40k figure come from? Bannister? The anti-Zep site? Grant's staff manned the turnstiles (so to speak) and counted the dead wood at the second date and apparently their figure (187,000) was substantially higher.


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A Course on Koans - Not Knowing Is Most Intimate Part 1
Not Knowing Is Most Intimate - Part 1
This week's koan comes from a story beloved by all seasoned Zen practitioners:
Master Dizang asked the visiting Buddhist philosopher Fayan, "Where are you going now?
Fayan answered, "I am resuming my pilgrimage.
Dizang asked, "Why do you go on pilgrimage?"
Fayan said, "I don't know."
Dizang said, "Not knowing is most intimate."
Hearing these words, Fayan had an opening experience.
Here the koan student must demonstrate that they understand why "not knowing" is called "most intimate", and why these words, taken together, allowed Fayan to get a glimpse of his true nature. The answer obviously depends of the meanings of "intimate" and "not knowing".
This koan is especially appropriate for Westerners because our culture regards not knowing as ignorance, i.e. a negative state to be avoided at all costs. In this koan, however, "most intimate" clearly implies that not knowing is a positive state.
This koan illustrates par excellence the difference between the Western view of "objective knowledge" – including scientific learning – and the Zen view that wisdom is quite unlike such knowledge.
In a previous post, I admitted having a personal interest in how Zen might rejuvenate Western philosophy. In that regard, it might help to recall that the word "philosophy" comes from the Greek, "love of wisdom" (sophia), not "love of knowledge".
A Chinese Buddhist scholar, Fayan (Jap. Hogen), who had made a name for himself among the intelligentsia of the dynastic capital, decided to tour the imperial hinterlands in order to bring the monks of remote monasteries up to date on Buddhist philosophy. He was joined by several other Buddhist scholars who set out together on a pilgrimage to visit a specific list of provincial temples.
At a certain point in their pilgrimage, snow, rain and flooding forced them to seek shelter in a small temple that was not on their itinerary. The temple's Abbott came to greet them as they warmed their hands over a glowing brazier just inside the gate. The scholars barely acknowledged him. After hearing a description of their mission, the Abbott asked if he might pose a question to them. One of Fayan's colleagues assented without lifting his gaze from the red-hot coals.
The Abbot, whose name was Dizang, asked, "Are the mountains, rivers, and earth identical with, or separate from, you scholars?" Fayan's colleague tersely replied, "Separate". At this, Dizang held up two fingers. The scholar, perhaps interpreting this as a criticism for dividing the world between inside and outside, quickly said, "Identical! Identical!" Dizang again held up two fingers, and left them.
Fayan asked the other scholar what he thought the Abbot meant by raising two fingers both times. His colleague, perhaps embarrassed by his own loss of composure, replied that there was no meaning other than contrariness on the Abbot's part. Fayan protested there was no need to insult the Abbott. (I believe Fayan understood the Abbott was signaling in response to both answers that his colleague still hadn't overcome the dualism of "the Many" and "the One".)
In any case, Fayan had come to see that the Abbott was no country bumpkin. He also suspected that Dizang knew more than he did. This suspicion must have completely undermined his self-confidence. How could he present himself as an expert to numerous monasteries when he knew there was much he still didn't understand?
Perhaps this was why, in a later conversation with Dizang, Fayan candidly admitted that he no longer knew why he persisted in his mission to bring the latest philosophical developments to remote monasteries.
Recognizing that Fayan was in what I have called an existential crisis, Dizang uttered the turning words, "Not knowing is most intimate". This was enough to give Fayan an initial insight, or kensho. (This was not to be his final enlightenment experience under Dizang. In Part 2 on this koan, I will describe the conversations that led to a deeper awakening.)
Meanwhile, we must ask, "Why did Dizang's use of the word "intimate" cause Fayan to have an initial insight?"
To give you a sense of what Dizang realized, I can think of no better prompt than a poem cited by Zenkei Shibayama Roshi, the revered twentieth century Rinzai master in his book, Zen Comments on the Mumonkan. (For what it's worth, if I could take only one book with me into solitary confinement, it would be this one.)
There, in commenting on Case 10 about a monk who brags that he is "poverty-stricken" because he has rid himself of all conceptual understandings, Shibayama recites a poem by another Zen Master on how such poverty is actually a blessing:
Do not light a lamp: in the house is no oil.
How pitiable it is if you want a light
I myself have a means to bless poverty:
I will let you feel your way along the wall.
This poem imagines a host telling a guest that he must find his guest room for the night in the dark. He has no oil with which to provide him a lamp. The guest must proceed by feeling his way along the hall until he finds his destination.
The poem is a metaphor for Zen practice; we must feel our way forward as if blind – no conceptual understanding will get us to our destination. Instead, the host says he is providing his guest a priceless gift by letting him feel his way along the wall with his hands.
Here we get a hint of what "intimacy" means. When we are lost in the dark, we are forced become intimate with the wall through our hands. We learn much about the contours of the wall that we would have missed in daylight.
Now, how does this notion of intimacy apply to our koan about not knowing? Here, we can perhaps see how "not knowing" loses its negative connotation of ignorance and becomes a blessing in disguise. Ignorance, from a Buddhist point of view, is being stubbornly stuck in delusions about our true nature despite mounting evidence that those beliefs are not sustainable. For a person with enough meditation experience, this dissonance between our "common sense" assumptions, and our intuitions that there is something more we don't yet understand will eventually result in an existential crisis.
Such a crisis occurs often in ordinary human lives, as when we feel that a friend or loved one has betrayed or abandoned us. At such a time, all of one's longstanding assumptions are in question. A change in those assumptions is called for, but we find ourselves not knowing what to do.
Whether in ordinary life or in koan practice, not knowing what to do forces us to suspend our past assumptions and look for a solution "outside the box" of those beliefs. Luckily, we are blessed with an innate freedom that we call creativity. As with fine art painters, this search for a solution proceeds by intuitive means. Painters "feel their way along the wall" by applying a daub of color here or there. If it doesn't "look right", they apply other colors until it does. The point is, this process proceeds intuitively through feelings, not through a rigid set of written rules.
It is only in such a state that Zen practitioners, having newly discovered a willingness to consider new possibilities, realize that "not knowing what to do" is precisely the state where they are freed to discover those possibilities through trial and error guided by intuition. It is only in such a state that practitioners come nearest, or become "most intimate" with their true nature, which is one of inherent freedom guided by compassion.
Fayan reached such a state when he admitted he didn't know what to do next. With Dizang's turning words, he suddenly realized he was not imprisoned by not knowing, but freed by it. He was free to "feel his way along the wall" until he found his own authentic response.
Now, how will you choose to demonstrate this "intimacy of not knowing?" If you are still bewildered, don't despair. Part 2 will add a few more hints.
"A Course on Koans" is the delusion-riddled work of Chris Kufu ("Wind in the Void") Wilson, who began practicing Zen in 1967. He regards Taizan Maezumi, Robert Aitken, and David Weinstein as his root teachers. Each of them pecked at his shell until he "completed" the never-ending koan curriculum of the Harada-Yasutani lineage.
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