He was frequently found during off hours helping friends and neighbors. You bought a house? There he would be, building new cabinets.
Dominic Pascucci was a natural builder — of homes, furniture, customized tomato planters, a grandfather clock for each of his children. In the same way, he built strong and lasting ties with community members, friends and family, and for some Long Islanders he helped open up the world.
"It was all about family," his daughter said, and, in her father's book, a good number of his friends were considered part of the family, too.
Born in Glen Cove and a lifelong resident, Pascucci died March 27 at his home of heart-related issues, surrounded by family, said his daughter Pamela Giorgi. He was 89.
A longtime carpenter at LIU Post in Brookville, he was also frequently found during off hours helping friends and neighbors. You bought a house? There he would be, building new cabinets or assisting with renovations, his daughter said.
For her, one of her father's most impactful statements was, "measure twice, cut once," Giorgi said. It applies not just to carpentry, but also to life, as in, if you fight with your best friend, think twice before doing something drastic.
Retiring in 1991 after 26 years with LIU, Pascucci took up golf, continued tending his garden and got involved with the Centre Club, a social and travel group for those at least 60 years old, who are members of the Glen Cove Senior Center.
With an eye to broadening people's vistas, he started planning day trips, such as vineyard visits, a tour of the United Nations and holiday shows with a stop at the Rockefeller Center tree, said Marion Pascucci, his wife of 63 years. The two met on a blind date, said the former Marion Nalevaiko, and married in 1955.
Gradually the vistas became more far-flung, and in 2004, when he was profiled in Newsday, the group had taken a six-day jaunt to Las Vegas and an eight-day Caribbean cruise. Since then, there have been visits to locales including Hawaii, Ireland and various spots in Canada, along with an Alaskan cruise.
With appreciation for seniors' pocketbooks and calling on his own diligent nature, he researched, booked, coordinated, and finessed every detail, going for the best price possible.
"I've made a lot of people happy," Pascucci told Newsday. "It gives me a lot of satisfaction. A lot of 'em tell me if it wasn't for me, they'd never have gotten out of Glen Cove."
His family says that Pascucci — a Glen Cove High School graduate and U.S. Army veteran, serving during the Korean War — wouldn't have had it any other way.
Born May 19, 1929, to Dominick and Grace Pascucci, who had emigrated from Italy, her husband grew up in Glen Cove's Italian neighborhood, Marion Pascucci said, complete with fig trees, homegrown tomatoes for homemade sauce, and those community values.
Other survivors include daughter Donna Fussell, Raleigh, North Carolina; sons Gerard of Bayville, Dominic and James of Glen Cove; and six grandchildren.
A funeral Mass was celebrated April 1 at St. Boniface Martyr Church, Sea Cliff, with burial in Locust Valley Cemetery.


text:
Re-Introducing All About H. Hatterr
I sold G.V. Desani's All About H. Hatterr to my students as "the Indian Finnegans Wake." When I said it, I was thinking of the last time I tried to read Desani's novel, early in graduate school. It was a frustrating experience, and more a failure than a success really. Hence, the comparison to the Wake.
It's odd, because I'm not finding Desani's book even remotely as obscure now. In fact, it's pretty smooth going, and really quite funny.
Here are the fundae of Desani's life: born and raised in India, moved to England, where he wrote and published All About H. Hatterr in 1948. It was widely reviewed and even sold a few copies, but Desani never wrote another novel (he did revise and add to the text several times). Between 1950 and 1970 he got seriously interested in various forms of Hindu and Buddhist mysticism, and spent time at Ashrams in India, as well as meditation centers in Burma and Japan. Meanwhile, he was writing occasional columns for The Illustrated Weekly of India (a magazine that Khushwant Singh would later edit). Desani finally ended up in Texas, where he taught in the English department at UT-Austin (alongside Zulfikar Ghose) until the late 1990s. He passed away in 2001.
(A more detailed bio of Desani can be found at the University of Texas here)
Salman Rushdie has written in a couple of places about his debt to G.V. Desani's Hatterr. In the controversial preface to the Mirrorwork anthology of Indian writing (1997), Rushdie placed Desani at roughly the same rank of importance as R.K. Narayan (the two writers have little else in common). Here is Rushdie:
The writer I have placed alongside Narayan, G.V. Desani, has fallen so far from favour that the extraordinary All About H. Hatterr is presently out of print everywhere, even in India. Milan Kundera once said that all modern literature descends from either Richardson's Clarissa or Sterne's Tristram Shandy, and if Narayan is India's Richardson then Desani is his Shandean other. Hatterr's dazzling, puzzling, leaping prose is the first genuine effort to go beyond the Englishness of the English language. His central figure, 'fifty-fity of the species,' the half-breed as unabashed anti-hero, leaps and capers behind many of the texts in this book. Hard to imagine I. Allan Sealy's Trotter-Nama without Desani. My own writing, too, learned a trick or two from him. (xviii)
Yes, it's true, don't even try to buy a copy of this novel from Amazon. (I did, a couple of months ago. One of the associated used-book sellers emailed me after a week with an apology: "Actually, we haven't had that in stock for two years. Sorry, we'll give you your money back." I still don't own a copy; I'm teaching it from photocopies.)
One of the reasons many people are afraid of this novel is its reputation for slang-ridden obscurity. Actually, it's not that obscure -- certainly not as difficult as Ulysses (and not even on the same astral plane as Finnegans Wake). Moreover, the obscurity is generally literary, not linguistic. In the first 100 or so pages of the novel, I counted a total of ten Hindi words in the text. And most of those are 'Hobson-Jobson' words like topi (hat), which would have been readily familiar to readers in 1948. Novels like Manju Kapur's Difficult Daughters are considerably more dense with Hindustani (or Punjabi) words, and still seem passable enough to western readers.
Anthony Burgess, in his preface to the 1969 edition of the novel, is also careful to disavow the métèque label that dogged late colonial African writers like Amos Tutuola. F.W. Bateson coined Métèque as a way of referring to writers for whom English was a second or third language, who don't respect (or don't know) 'the finer rules of English idiom and grammar'.
It's not that such writing can't produce interesting effects. But successful forays into slang or, even further, dialect English, are rarely interesting to fluent English speakers unless they are carefully controlled -- by a writer who is quite confident (and of course competent) in the language. The writer may have a memory of learning English, but he or she cannot still be learning English at the time of the writing of the novel. Conrad, Nabokov, and even the contemporary writer Jonathan Safran Foer (Everything Is Illuminated) knew exactly what they were doing. So did Desani.
The mad English of All About H. Hatterr is a thoroughly self-conscious and finely controlled performance, as Burgess points out elsewhere in the same preface:
But it is the language that makes the book, a sort of creative chaos that grumbles at the restraining banks. It is what may be termed Whole Language, in which philosophical terms, the colloquialisms of Calcutta and London, Shakespeareian archaisms, bazaar whinings, quack spiels, references to the Hindu pantheon, the jargon of Indian litigation, and shrill babu irritability seethe together. It is not pure English; it is, like the English of Shakespeare, Joyce and Kipling, gloriously impure.
Though Desani doesn't have very much common with Joyce at the level of style, it seems appropriate to read Hatterr as a species of modernist experimentation.
For one thing, Desani shares Joyce's interest in tweaking the English canon a bit irreverently. Desani's canon is, however, a bit more fringey, having at its center the eighteenth-century classic, Tristram Shandy (full text at Gutenberg). There also seems to be the picaresque spirit of Apuleius here; some episodes read a little like they might have come out of The Golden Ass (full text at Gutenberg). Third is Lewis Carroll, whose "Mad Hatter" is alluded to in "Hatterr" (it's an amusing exercise to speculate on where the extra 'r' comes from). There are, in fact, dozens of sources in play -- my sharp graduate students spotted references to Everyman and Piers Plowman in the first chapter -- but the most prevalent literary reference point by far is Shakespeare. Some of Desani's Shakespearisms are simple comic misquotations, but others are considerably sustained (if still comically misapplied). One episode that stands out is the opening of "Chapter 1" (which, given the small avalanche of prolegomena, is by no means the real beginning of the book). It is a kind of remix of Hamlet. Hatterr, however, is playing the guard:
'All's well, friend Master Keeper o' Literary Conscience!
'The name is H. Hatterr, how d' you do?
'What of that?
'Well, thereby hangs a tale...
'List!'
'List!' is what the ghost in Hamlet says ("listen!"). Here, however, I think Desani is playing around; "List!" also seems to mean "enumerate!" -- as in, explain yourself, damnit! The odd dialogue (I've quoted only a small part of it) is a kind of framing device for the novel that follows (in which, among other things, Hatterr will explain the origins and significance of his name, and, not coincidentally, offer many lists).
Though all of this playing around seems quite modernist in shape, early in the novel Desani self-consciously disavows any connection to the Bloomsbury scene (already for the most part dead and, er, buried by 1948). In the "All About..." section (signed and dated by the author, G.V. Desani), an autobiographical chapter that details the ostensibly 'real' experiences of the author in his quest to get the manuscript of All About H. Hatterr published, he details one encounter with a Miss Betty Bloomsbohemia, to whom he addresses the following:
As for the arbitrary choice of words and constructions you mentioned. Not intended by me to invite analysis. They are there because, I think, they are natural to H. Hatterr. But, Madam! Whoever asked a cultivated mind such as yours to submit your intellectual acumen or emotions to this H. Hatterr mind? Suppose you quote me as saying, the book's simple laughing matter? Jot this down, too. I never was involved in the struggle for newer forms of expression, Neo-morality, or any such thing! What do you take me for? A busybody?
In short, Desani is saying, I'm really not trying to do anything fancy with all this Hatterr-speak. And why waste your intellectual acumen with my crazy little book? And no, I'm no modernist, not like you: nothing so pompous ambitious.
In the midst of this evasive self-acquittal is a seeming grammatical slip: "this book's simple laughing matter." There is apparently a missing indefinite article there ("a simple laughing matter"). It's possibly an Indianism (intentionally inserted), but the missing "a" makes meaning-making little bit slippery. Most obvious reading is self-deprecation... But perhaps Desani is also playing with the idiom "laughing matter"; it is the "matter" that is "laughing" (at the reader? at Miss Betty Bloomsbohemia?). If this were Joyce, there would also be a joke here about "mater" (Latin: mother), and maybe two or three others. It's not Joyce, but there still might be two or three jokes here, not on mothers, but on naming: the book's "simple laughing" Hatterr, who is mad as a hatter, never matter the mater.
Not only is this book out of print, it's been widely overlooked by scholars of Anglo-Indian literature as well as 20th century literature more broadly. The most ambitious essay I know of is Srinivas Aravamudan's "Postcolonial Affiliations: Ulysses and All About H. Hatterr," in the anthology Transcultural Joyce. It is a witty, learned essay, but it is almost all about... Joyce (surprisingly thin on Desani).
The most helpful essay on Hatterr that I know of is M.K. Naik's oddly titled: "The Method in the Madness: All About "All About H. Hatterr" About H. Hatterr." (That's the exact title.) It's from Naik's 1987 survey Studies in Indian Literature, which is likely to be widely available at decent American university libraries. Naik's essay is especially helpful as a basic, straightforward account of the book: this is what happens, and here is what Desani is trying to do.
I might take a stab at my own essay on Desani at some point soon (hell, given the length of this blog post, I'm already half-way there). But my dream would be to do a new, fully annotated edition of the text, in the vein of The Annotated Lolita or Ulysses Annotated. I somehow doubt it would fly -- hard to imagine the market for an annotated edition of a book that no one knows about!
There is a decently long excerpt from the novel here.
Posted by electrostani at 6:25 AM
Kanya said...
Amardeep,
I think you are right on the money about the archetypal value of *All about H. Hatterr.* Probably the earliest satire on Anglo-Indian life and "Qui hai" culture. Desani is so hard to classify precisely because no one after him (till Alan Sealy's *The Trotter-nama*) seems to have written a satire of this class of people. Anglo-Indians were routinely satirized by the British (Jos Sedley and the nabob phenomena), but I don't know of any Indians trying to write mock-epics about the sahibs or the sahibs. The Eurasians were always low-life, abject or silenced. Kipling's *Kim* is, of course, masquerading as one. It's certainly time for a new edition! I am glad you said it was easier reading the second time around--I found it tough going when I tried and eventually abandoned it.
Scott Eric Kaufman said...
It's impolite to incite in your readers the desire to read books they can't even acquire through inter-library loan. What I mean to say is you're now obligated to scan your photocopies and create a .pdf to be circulated within the scholarly community...starting with me.
Kanya,
Yes, Hatterr is still completely unique. (I've never attempted the Trotter-Nama, though the excerpt that's in Mirrorwork is pretty brilliant).
And do give it a try again if you have access to a copy. Read it slowly, maybe doing parts aloud if you have the time. Some of the puns and wordplay only come out through that kind of attention to detail.
Scott, no copies at UCI? That's surprising. Scanning it to PDF would be a lot of work... but email me, maybe we could figure out something.
Onkar Singh said...
Amardeep
Just a correction - on the University of Texas biography it says he was born in Nairobi, Kenya, and not India.
Suvendra Nath Dutta said...
I was able to get this book through Amazon, and never able to finish it. Maybe now I'll give it another shot.
Lucy Tartan said...
Amardeep, how do you go about teaching a novel from photocopies? Do your students all have to make their own copies, or do you have something like class sets? I thought the book must be very small, but the copy in my library is 300+ pages. There is a novel I badly want to put on a course I'm running next year, but it seems to be out of print.
The book was availabe in India about 3 years ago. You could give Penguin India's wesite a dekko. They might still have it. If it is still available any exporter of books from India like vedam's can ship it to you.
It's a small graduate seminar, so the tree death entailed is only moderate. If there were more than 10 students, I would either scan the whole thing in, or just teach a short excerpt.
Oh, and I'm not using the final, extra afterward ("With Iron Hand, I Defend..."), "written" by H. Hatterr's "lawyer."
And anonymous, thanks for the tip. It's still there on Penguin India's website. But Vedamsbooks and Indiaclub.com aren't carrying it. (I think the rights are restricted, because McPherson still controls the copyright in Europe and the U.S.)
Still, I'll pick up a copy when I go to India this winter.
Builder said...
I agree with Scot. What a tease!
Qalandar said...
Amardeep: I was able to buy a hardback of this book from alibris.com, in case you haven't checked that out...
I completely agree with you. I'm a B'COM grad. attempting to a post grad. degree in English literature and inspite of all my tries to get the story or the book - I could not grab a copy until now. There is something with the Indian writers. I have no issues with any other subject but 'Indian Literature in english' is the toughest subject, to find material for. Not all 'All about H.Hatterr', Alan Sealy's 'The Trotter-nama' reveals the same story.
Todd Katz said...
Thanks for the refreshing reintroduction of H. Hatterr. While he was a professor of philosophy in Austin, I was one of Desani's teaching assistants and editors over several editions of All About H. Hatterr spanning about 15 years). I can affirm that Desani cared deeply about every word, article, symbol, and instance of italics or boldface in his book.
He often talked about the fact that Hatterr would be a rich subject of annotation, but -- as your quote of Miss Betty Bloomsbohemia indicates -- he wasn't a big fan of overly intellectual analysis of his writings.
This brings me to your quoted phrase "simple laughing matter". Thinking this might be a typo I checked the earliest edition of Hatterr. No typo. Although I don't recall the details, I'm quite sure I would have at some point suggested either "a simple laughing matter" or "simply laughing matter". Obviously he demured.
However, the way I read it now, I think Desani had it right all along. There is a slight nuanced difference between "a simple laughing matter" and "simple laughing matter" if for no other reason than the latter doesn't imply comparison with something else.
Also wanted to mention that I've collected some biographical information and web references on Desani (including that drawn from the UT memorial resolution quoted above) at:
http://www.desani.org
Of course I'll add this new comment in the near-term. You're definitely more than 1/2 way to an excellent essay!
Todd Katz
I have added your very learned comments on "All About H. Hatterr" in Wikipedia, here. Please feel free to correct the entry for accreditation or simply adding more. check out this page too. btw, i'd like to fund your "annotated AAHH" when i make a lot of money (which maybe as early as my next life)
wandering_star said...
I just thought I'd let you know that it looks like the NYRB are bringing out "All About H Hatterr" in early November. I've been wanting to read it since I read this post, so I have it on pre-order!
I read this book when I was admitted to hopsital for an emergency Hysterectomy age 57, no children, life saving stuff, I was on a long Nightingale Ward, with over 20 others. I read this book at night and laughed so much I had to bite the bedclothes, the nurse heard the weird choking sounds and ran up the ward to my bedside to find me with tears streaming down my face exlcaiming Iit's the book! That was back in 1987, I made sure I bought my own copy and when the new agers try to take me in with their Celestine Prophesies I just think Hell Bannerji! It's the Desert Island Book you save from the sea, Ok anayse if you will but it is wonderful, delightful and yes, I can imagine he wrote whilst the bombs were dropping because it is so funny.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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750 million people around the world lack access to safe
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World Health Organization and UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP). (2014).Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation, 2014 Update.
An estimated $260 billion is lost globally each year due to lack of adequate water supply and sanitation.
World Health Organization. (2012). Global costs and benefits of drinking-water supply and sanitation interventions to reach the MDG target and universal coverage.
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A number of challenges continue to present themselves. Sanitation remains a big issue. Many schools lack adequate toilets or kitchen facilities to prepare the food grown in their gardens. Our dedicated team is always searching for solutions. For instance, we are installing waterless toilets at some of the campuses and we maintain relationships with all our partner schools, allowing us to identify those which are struggling with garden cultivation or need repairs on their irrigation infrastructure and provide them the necessary ongoing support.
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About main organiser
Freedom Games
June 04-08, 2014, Łódź, Poland
Follow @Freedom_Games
Fundacja Industrial (Industrial Foundation) is a think tank, set up in 2007 in Poland by a group of young liberals from the city of Łódź to promote liberal values, European integration, civic activities and to help the development of our city. The focus of all our activities is publishing expert, ideological social-political magazine Liberté!. Liberté!'s mission is to promote an open society, liberal economic ideas and liberal culture and to organize a social movement around these ideas. At the same time we are also involved in a wide range of expert activities in the fields of our interest. Our Foundation is the member of European Liberal Forum and 4liberty.eu network.
Among Foundation's partners you may find: The Stefan Batory Foundation, The Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom, National Center of Culture, Confederation Lewiatan, Ministry of Culture and National Heritage of Poland, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Poland, City of Lodz, Microsoft or Google. We are also the partner of the biggest public events in Poland concerning business and politics, such as Economic Forum in Krynica, Wrocław Global Forum or the European Forum of New Ideas.
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We started by publishing an on-line webportal (www.liberte.pl) in 2008. Later on, also printed issues of magazine were released. Liberté! becomes a recognizable brand in Polish media, its authors print their articles in Gazeta Wyborcza, Polska The Times, Wprost, Przekrój and Newsweek among others and are often invited to comment and analyze the current political events (eg. in Polish tv stations: TVP 2, TVP3, Polsat News as well as on the radio: Tok Fm). We have become influential power on Polish market of ideas. Liberté!'s patrons council includes among others professor Marek Safjan (Judge at the Court of Justice of the European Communities), Jerzy Pomianowski, Janusz Lewandowski (Member of European Commission), professor Zbigniew Pełczyński, professor Wojciech Sadurski, professor Jan Winiecki, Henryka Bochniarz, professor Paweł Śpiewak, professor Ireneusz Krzemiński and many other distinguished individuals from the Polish public life. Our magazine is directed at the public opinion's leaders, NGO representatives, academic world, politicians, media, entrepreneurs and young people involved in building civil society in the country. More information concerning Liberté! can be found on the website: www.liberte.pl.
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Mercedes-Benz M-Клас — перший автомобіль SUV-класу марки Mercedes-Benz, що виготовлявся у 1997–2015 роках. Ці автомобілі були розроблені насамперед для північноамериканського ринку, на території США виробляються на заводі Daimler AG в штаті Алабама. М-клас поєднує в собі найважливіші характеристики позашляховика, мінівена, універсала і легкового автомобіля, будучи автомобілем багатоцільового призначення.

Після рестайлінгу в 2015 році модель отримала назву Mercedes-Benz GLE-Клас і з'явилася версія купе GLE Coupe.

Історія розробки
У 1990 році керівництво компанії Mercedes-Benz висунуло план по заміні G-класу, який на той час вироблявся протягом 11 років. В результаті в 1991 році з Mitsubishi Motors було підписано угоду про спільну розробку та випуск транспортних засобів класу SUV, про що публічно було оголошено в червні того ж року. За планами в якості платформи для майбутніх моделей повинні були слугувати автомобілі Mitshubishi Pajero / Montero, один з яких буде випускатися під торговою маркою Mercedes-Benz, а другий Mitsubishi. У травні 1992 року ці плани були скасовані з посиланням на «технічні проблеми» і компанія Mercedes-Benz продовжила розвивати ідею з січня 1993. У березні 1993 року був ініційований проект з пошуку відповідного місця для створення заводів в США. У вересні вибір був зроблений на користь містечка Венс в штаті Алабама і в 1994 році почалося будівництво.

У той час, як в США велися будівельні роботи, в Німеччині тривала робота над проектом нової лінійки позашляховиків. Проектні роботи проходили з кінця 1992 по 1994 рік. Дизайном майбутньої моделі займалася студія в Зіндельфінгені. Фінальний прототип був обраний в 1993 році і затверджений виконавчою радою в лютому 1994 року. Патенти на промислові зразки були подані в Німеччині 13 липня 1994 року, а в США — 13 січня 1995 року. Тестування дослідних зразків почалося з випробування муляжів і краш-тестів з використанням макетів в травні 1994 року.

Перший робочий прототип був представлений в лютому 1995 року. Повний цикл тестування проводився з березня 1995 року по грудень 1996 року в різних кліматичних умовах і регіонах світу. Тестове виробництво стартувало в травні 1996 року. У липні того ж року був даний старт для підготовки і запуску виробництва на заводі Mercedes-Benz U.S. International в Алабамі. Перші автомобілі M-класу зійшли з конвеєра 9 лютого 1997 року.

Перше покоління (W163, 1997—2005)

Модель М-класу з кузовом W163 була вперше представлена у 1997 році.
Компактні зовнішні габарити і різноманітність виконання, в залежності від практичного призначення автомобіля, виділяють М-клас серед подібних автомобілів з точки зору функціональності та ефективності. Тому новий «Мерседес-Бенц» однаково придатний для поїздки по бездоріжжю, для виїзду за місто всією сім'єю, подорожі чи ділової поїздки. Місткий 5-дверний кузов M-класу з додатковими сидіннями в багажному відділенні може перевозити сім пасажирів. Об'єм вантажного відсіку 0,16 м3, а в разі складання задніх сидінь третього ряду багажник збільшується до 0,633 м3. У 2-х місному варіанті автомобіль таким чином перетворюється на просторий фургон місткістю до 2,02 м3. Автомобіль оснащений пристроєм для транспортування важкого причепа — здатний тягнути за собою причіп масою до 2650 кг. Максимальна швидкість — від 177 до 186 км/год.

Позашляховик виконаний не з несучим кузовом, а на основі рамної конструкції. Два лонжерона і три поперечки, виконані з жорстких замкнутих коробчастих профілів, зварених в конструкцію, за формою нагадують сходи. Кузов міцно з'єднаний з рамою за допомогою десяти гумових опор, які гасять коливання і шуми, що виникають при їзді, і не пропускають їх всередину салону. Зона деформації передньої частини кузова і низько розташована рама сконструйовані таким чином, що при ударі вони поглинають частину енергії руху другого учасника зіткнення.

У моделі ML були втілені цікаві технічні ідеї, перш за все це повний привід. На відміну від більшості конкурентів, автомобіль має постійно включений привід всіх коліс. Фахівці компанії відмовилися від блокування диференціалів в розподільній коробці і в ведучих осях, як це було в моделі G, зате оснастили автомобіль електронною системою контролю сил тяги на кожному колесі Four Wheel Electronic System (4-ETS). Якщо одне з коліс пробуксовує, тягове зусилля забезпечується його пригальмовуванням, що в умовах бездоріжжя дає такий же ефект, як і застосування механічного блокування. Спеціальний «позашляховий» режим роботи АБС допускає блокування передніх коліс на крутих спусках. Крім моделі ML230, всі інші серійно комплектуються системою динамічної стабілізації при русі ESP, що покращує курсову стійкість автомобіля в будь-яких дорожніх умовах.

Автомобілі М-класу з'явилися в Західній Європі навесні 1998 року. У програму постачання входили три варіанти моделі з чотирьох-, шести- або восьмициліндровими бензиновими двигунами: базова ML230, оснащена 4-циліндровим двигуном, об'ємом 2,3 л, потужністю 110 кВт/150 к.с. при 5400 об/хв; 6-циліндрова модель ML320 з двигуном V6, потужністю 160 кВт/218 к.с., який відрізняється низькою витратою палива і малою токсичністю вихлопних газів.

З весни 1999 року в Європу поставляється 8-циліндровий варіант ML 430, потужністю 200 кВт/272 к.с. при 5750 об/хв, використовуваний також і в Е-класі. Автомобілі комплектують автоматичними коробками передач (крім ML230) з системою обмеження швидкості SPEEDTRONIC, так само в комплектацію входить незалежна підвіска всіх коліс, рамне шасі і роздавальна коробка із понижувальною передачею.

Автомобілі серійно оснащуються активною сервісною системою ASSYST, подушками безпеки для водія і пасажира на передньому сидінні і в бічних передніх дверях, електричним приводом стекол і дзеркал, протиугінною системою ELCODE, легкосплавними колісними дисками з позашляховими шинами 225/75 R 16, гідропідсилювачем рульового механізму, центральним замком з дистанційним радіоуправлінням, кондиціонером (для ML320, ML430).

У 2000 році ці машини не змінилися, проте модельний ряд доповнили два нових базових варіанти — економічний ML270 CDI і потужний ML55 AMG. Перший комплектується рядним 5-циліндровим 2,7-літровим турбонаддувним дизелем з системою Common-Rail, потужністю 163 к.с. і механічною 6-ступінчастою коробкою передач. Він володіє більш високими динамічними якостями, ніж бензиновий ML230, і приблизно на чверть економічніший.

Перша модернізація позашляховиків ML-класу була проведена влітку 2001 року. У пострестайлінговій версії ML наблизився до своїх німецьких родичів за рівнем люксового устаткування, відчуття комфорту, якості і продуманості конструкції. Визнаний американцями одним з найбезпечніших «офф-Родерів», ML отримав 8 подушок безпеки, з яких тільки задні бічні не поставляються «в стандарті».

Оновився зовнішній вигляд автомобіля за рахунок зміненого переднього бампера, який став складатися як би з двох частин, нової світлотехніки у вигляді кришталево-оптичних фар, також з'явились дзеркала заднього виду з дублюючими сигналами повороту, а у стандартних тепер для всіх ML 17-дюймових дисків новий 6-ти спицевий малюнок. Змінився інтер'єр салону: до всіх модифікацій входить дерев'яна обробка центральної консолі, автоматичний клімат-контроль з датчиком, реєструючим сонячне випромінювання, і автоматичне увімкнення фар. Список замовленого устаткування невеликий: бі-ксенонові фари, паркувальні радари, мультимедійна система COMAND з можливістю обробки SMS-повідомлень на екрані і два додаткових пасажирських місця в багажнику, що складаються.

Головні зміни — під капотом, куди з моторного відсіку S-класу перекочували дві «вісімки»: колишній ML430 замінив потужніший ML500 з 5-літровим бензиновим V8 зі зменшеною потужністю з 306 до 292 к.с. , що дозволило розвивати до 222 км/год, а також могутній 250-сильний турбодизель об'ємом 4.0 л. Цей ML400 CDI розвиває 213 км/год, а розганяється з місця до 100 км/год за 8,1 с проти 7,7 у ML500. 5-літровик легко розправляється з важкою машиною, поступаючись в розгоні лише на одну секунду 347-сильній топ-моделі ML55 від підрозділу AMG. Решта силових агрегатів не змінилися.

Результати з Краш-Тесту

Двигуни
 2.3 л M111.970 I4
 3.2 л M112 E32 V6
 3.7 л M112 E37 V6
 4.3 л M113 E43 V8
 5.0 л M113 E50 V8
 5.4 л M113 E55 V8
 2.7 л OM612 I5 (diesel)
 4.0 л OM628 V8 (diesel)

55 AMG

У 2000 році почалося виробництво кросовера Mercedes ML 55 AMG. Топ-версія сімейства оснащувалася атмосферним мотором V8, 5.4 л, серії M113. Агрегат з трьома клапанами на циліндр розвивав потужність 347 к.с. і 510 Нм в діапазоні 2800-4500 об/хв. П'ятидверка масою 2230 кг досягала 100 км/год за 6,8 с, а максимальна швидкість дорівнювала 235 км/год. Повнопривідний автомобіль з п'ятидіапазонним «автоматом», чотирьохпоршневими супортами спереду і двохпоршневими ззаду, щільнішою підвіскою коштував у США $65 900. Таких 55 AMG було випущено понад 11 тисяч штук.

Друге покоління (W164, 2005—2011)

В січні 2005 року на виставці NAIAS у Детройті було показано друге покоління Mercedes-Benz ML-Класу з кузовом W164. Серійне виробництво стартувало в березні 2005 року на заводі у Тускалузі (США). Кузов цього покоління став на 15 см довшим і на 7 см ширшим за свого попередника. Зовнішність значно змінилася. Кути згладилися. Аеродинаміка значно покращилася. Коефіцієнт аеродинамічного опору на 15 % кращий, ніж раніше.

Нова модель пропонується у двох різних варіантах — базовий варіант з пружинною підвіскою, системою постійного повного приводу і модернізованою електронною противобуксовочною системою 4-ETS або позашляховий варіант Pro Off-Road з пневмопідвіскою Airmatic (4 фіксованих положення кузова, максимальний кліренс 291 мм), роздавальною коробкою і блокуванням (автоматично за допомогою багатодискової муфти або примусово) центрального і заднього диференціалів.

В оснащення ввійшли новітні системи активної і пасивної безпеки, включаючи Neck-Pro, шість ПБ та Pre-Safe, «позашляхова» система DSR (спуск з пагорба), опціональний багатозонний клімат-контроль Thermotronic, багатофункіональное рульове колесо Direct Select, нова система Comand APS (DVD, навігація, TV-тюнер), органайзер в багажному відділенні (об'єм багажника від 551 до 2050 л) і система Keyless Go.

Гамма двигунів (три з них, V6 і турбодизелі, повністю нові) на 2006 рік: бензинові ML350 (3,5 л V6 24V, 272 к.с., 350 Нм) і ML500 (5,0 л V8 24V, 306 к.с., 460 Нм); турбодизель 3,0 л V6 24V з системою CR нового покоління у варіантах ML280 CDI (190 к.с., 440 Нм) і ML320 CDI (224 к.с., 510 Нм). П'ятилітровий 306-сильний V8 здатний розігнати машину до сотні за 6,9 секунди — це майже на секунду швидше, ніж двигун попереднього ML. Новий двигун зробили потужнішим на 14 к.с., а обертовий момент — на 20 Нм, зберігши при цьому колишню витрату палива. Після рестайлінгу 2008 року цей двигун замінили на 5,5 л V8 на 388 к.с. Він розганяє авто від 0 до 100 км/год за 5.8 секунди.

Тепер на всіх ML в базовій комплектації стояла семиступінчата автоматична коробка передач 7G-Tronic. Ручка коробки передач захована під кермом і має два положення — вперед і назад. Положення паркінгу немає взагалі. Воно замінюється кнопкою на цій ручці.

Результати з Краш-Тесту

Двигуни
 3.5 л V6
 5.0 л V8
 4.6 л V8
 5.5 л V8
 6.2 л V8
 3.0 л turbo-diesel V6
 4.0 л turbo-diesel V8

63 AMG
Друге покоління позашляховика Mercedes ML у виконанні AMG представлено в 2006 році на автосалоні NAIAS у Детройті. Габарити стали більшими, що відбилося на спорядженій масі — вона збільшилася до 2310 кг. Але й віддача двигуна стала більшою. Новий мотор V8 серії M156 робочим об'ємом 6208 см3 розвивав потужність 510 к.с. і крутний момент 630 Нм. Одночасно тягу на обидві осі передавав доопрацьований семиступінчастий «автомат» з оригінальною програмою управління. Час розгону від 0 до 100 км/год зменшився до 5,0 с, а максимальна швидкість збільшилася до 250 км/год. Також інженерами AMG була проведена робота з настройкою підвіски, що зробило ML 63 AMG приємнішим в управлінні, ще стійкішим і комфортабельнішим. З 2006 по 2011 роки німці зробили більше 13 тисяч автомобілів Mercedes ML 63 AMG.

Третє покоління (W166, з 2011)

8 червня 2011 року в Штутгарті був представлений кросовер третього покоління (код кузова W166), світова прем'єра, а також європейський старт продажів відбулись восени 2011 року (Франкфуртський автосалон). Новий М-клас отримав систему постійного повного приводу 4Matic, пневмопідвіску AIRMATIC і оновлену систему Adaptive Damping System (для зміни налаштувань амортизаторів).

У 2015 році модельний ряд Mercedes-Benz M-класу поповнився кількома новими двигунами з системою стоп-старт — меншим дизельним і 6-циліндровим з турбонаддувом — що забезпечують більшу ефективність і економію палива порівняно з їх попередниками.

У базовій комплектації Mercedes-Benz ML 350 йде оновлений 3.0-літровий 6-циліндровий турбодизельний двигун. При натисканні на педаль акселератора, Ви відразу побачите результат: завдяки потужності 249 кінських сил і крутному моменту, що становить 620 Нм або 2400 об/хв, ML 350 забезпечує дійсно високу продуктивність на будь-якій з семи передач.

Двотонний кузов абсолютно не заважає автомобілю розвивати швидкість 0-100 км/год за 7.4 секунди. Витрата палива в змішаному циклі становить за офіційними даними близько 8,7 л/100 км, а викиди СО2 знаходяться на рівні 189 г/км, що є набагато кращими показниками, порівняно з минулими моделями, що споживали більше 10 л/100 км з викидами СО2 230 г/км.

Mercedes-Benz GLE-Клас
В 2015 році третє покоління ML-класу піддалося рестайлінгу. Крім зовнішніх змін, що торкнулися передню оптику і задні ліхтарі, змінилося також і іменування класу: тепер розкішні повнорозмірні кросовери називаються Mercedes-Benz GLE-Клас. Модернізації піддався і салон автомобіля, де встановили змінену панель приладів.

Двигуни

63 AMG
У порівнянні зі звичайною версією ML-класу автомобіль став нижчим на 8 мм (1788 мм), а от маса в порівнянні з ML 63 AMG попереднього покоління (W164), збільшилася на 35 кг (до 2345 кг). Новий двигун V8 серії M157 робочим об'ємом 5461 см³ з алюмінієвим блоком, двома турбокомпресорами і системою безпосереднього вприскування палива видає 525 к.с. і 700 Нм (V8 6.2 у попередника розвивав 510 к.с. і 630 Нм відповідно). Час розгону від 0 до 100 км/год зменшився на 0,2 с (до 4,8 с), а максимальна швидкість залишилася колишньою — 250 км/год (обмежена електронікою). Витрата палива в змішаному циклі знизилася з 16,5 л/100 км до 14,7 л. І ще творці роблять акцент на ходовій частині, точніше, на системі Active Curve System, якій на попереднику не було. Це технологія запобігання кренів кузова в режимі реального часу завдяки активним стабілізаторам поперечної стійкості з гідрозамками спереду і ззаду. Крім цього інженери відділення AMG перенастроїли еластокінематику підвісок і програму управління пневмоподвіски. На відміну від Мерседеса M-Класу останнього покоління ML 63 AMG отримав новий електромеханічний підсилювач керма замість електричного. У продаж на північноамериканському ринку автомобіль надійшов в першому кварталі 2012 року.

Продажі в США

Див. також
 Mercedes-Benz GLE Coupe

Зноски

Посилання
 Офіційний дилер.

Автомобілі Mercedes-Benz
SUV

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
January 15, 2016 / 1:02 PM / 4 years ago
Norway police search for Syrian war criminals among asylum seekers
Stine Jacobsen
OSLO (Reuters) - Norwegian police are looking at 20 suspected war criminals from Syria, following tips from refugees and local immigration authorities, a police official told Reuters.
Some 10,500 Syrian asylum seekers reached Norway in 2015, a third of all the country's asylum seekers last year.
"We are taking a closer look at around 20 individuals, and we are currently assessing whether there is a basis to start an investigation," Sigurd Moe, the superintendent of the war crimes section of the National Criminal Investigation Service, said in an interview.
"It is people from both sides of the conflict. Both people we think have been on (Syrian President Bashar) Al-Assad's side and individuals from the rebellions," he said. The police had yet to decide whether to open formal proceedings, he said.
Norwegian police have been investigating suspected war criminals since 2005, but until now most have been from countries like Rwanda and Sri Lanka, where conflicts have ceased, making it easier to conduct investigations.
"What is new now is that we have decided to use a lot of resources on uncovering war criminals among the refugees arriving now," Moe said. "We are spending quite a lot of resources on finding these people, because we don't want them to wander freely around the streets of Norway."
Tips from refugees have increased as the number of refugees has grown, he said. They amounted to about 100 tips over the past six months.
"It can be anything from belonging to a military faction which we know has been committing serious crimes, or it may be other concrete tips that go for a more specific crime."
Suspicions of war crimes were often triggered by pictures or videos on refugees' mobile phones, which are screened by local police upon arrival, he said. The material sometimes boasted of crimes being committed, he said.
But tips also come from other refugees who might have personal motives for reporting the person.
"There can be different motives for reporting people, and in most cases it is probably because that person has done it, but there can also be personal motives, and that is something we would have to investigate," Moe said. Several web pages existed accusing people of being war criminals, he added.
Editing by Larry King


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text:
Marianna G. Muravyeva
HomeTeachingResearch and PublicationsEmployment historyIn HSE news
SPIN-RSCI: 4825-2309
ResearcherID: F-1375-2015
Вторник, 13.30-15.00
V. Isakov
E. Ponarin
with publications
with news
Professor:Faculty of Law / School of General and Interdisciplinary Legal Studies
Marianna G. Muravyeva has been at HSE since 2015.
Education, Degrees and Academic Titles
Candidate of Sciences* (PhD) in World History
Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Thesis Title: English aristocratic marriage and family in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
* Candidate of Sciences
According to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011, Candidate of Sciences belongs to ISCED level 8 - "doctoral or equivalent", together with PhD, DPhil, D.Lit, D.Sc, LL.D, Doctorate or similar. Candidate of Sciences allows its holders to reach the level of the Associate Professor.
crimeurban studiescomparative legal historygender history
Awards and Accomplishments
Best Teacher – 2019
Student Term / Thesis Papers
I. Bricheev «Contemporary Concepts of Family and Marriage in the System of Human Rights». Faculty of Law, 2018
M. Denisova «Gender Identity in Contemporary Law». Faculty of Law, 2018
A. Lukoyanov «Transformation of Social (dis)Order: Crime and Safe Urban Spaces». Saint-Petersburg School of Social Sciences and Area Studies, 2016
Full list of of student term / thesis papers
Courses (2019/2020)
Gender Equality and Law (Bachelor's programme; Faculty of Law; 3 year, 1, 2 module)Eng
Methodology and Methods of Research in Law (Master's programme; Faculty of Law; 1 year, 1, 2 module)Eng
Gender Equality and Law (Bachelor's programme; Faculty of Law; 4 year, 3 module)Eng
Methodology of Legal Research (Master's programme; Faculty of Law; 1 year, 1, 2 module)Rus
Research Seminar (Optional course (faculty); Faculty of Law; 2-4 module)Rus
Comparative Law (Master's programme; Faculty of Law; 1 year, 1, 2 module)Rus
Introduction to Comparative Law (Bachelor's programme; Faculty of Law; 1 year, 3 module)Eng
Principles of Law (Undergraduate's programme; HSE Tikhonov Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics (MIEM HSE); 3 year, 1, 2 module)Eng
Research Seminar (Bachelor's programme; Faculty of Law; 1 year, 3, 4 module)Rus
Social Problems in the Modern Society (Master's programme; Saint-Petersburg School of Social Sciences and Area Studies; field of study "41.04.04. Политология", field of study "38.04.04. Государственное и муниципальное управление", field of study "39.04.01. Социология"; 1 year, 3, 4 module)Eng
Research Seminar "Culture. Consumption. City" (Bachelor's programme; Saint-Petersburg School of Social Sciences and Area Studies; 4 year, 1-3 module)Rus
Book Muravyeva M. G. "Should Women Have More Rights?" - Traditional Values and Austerity in Russia Austerity, Gender Inequality and Feminism after the Crisis in Russia. Berlin : Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, 2018.
Book Исаков В. Б., Арзамасов Ю. Г., Белькович Р. Ю., Быстров А. С., Геренрот Б. А., Голощапов А. М., Дидикин А. Б., Домрин А. Н., Ерохина Ю. В., Ефремова Н. Н., Мазаев Д. В., Муравьева М. Г., Назмутдинов Б. В., Неверов Е. Д., Позднякова Е. А., Полдников Д. Ю., Салыгин Е. Н., Сафонов А. А., Скоробогатов В. Ю., Соболева А. К., Соловьев К. А., Сопова А. П., Сюкияйнен Л. Р., Туманова А. С., Хабибулин Т. М., Четвернин В. А., Чураков В. Д., Шедов Д. В., Шепелева О. С., Азми Д. М. Fundamenta: Учебное пособие для студентов 1 курса бакалавриата / Отв. ред.: А. А. Сафонов. М. : НИУ ВШЭ, 2018.
Book Muravyeva M. G. Parricide and Violence Against Parents throughout History: (De)Constructing Family and Authority? / Ed. by M. G. Muravyeva, R. M. Toivo. L. : Palgrave Macmillan, 2018.
Book Андрощук В. В., Арзамасов Ю. Г., Белькович Р. Ю., Богдановская И. Ю., Быстров А. С., Геренрот Б. А., Голощапов А. М., Домрин А. Н., Ерохина Ю. В., Ефремова Н. Н., Исаков В. Б., Мазаев Д. В., Муравьева М. Г., Назмутдинов Б. В., Неверов Е. Д., Позднякова Е. А., Полдников Д. Ю., Ремигайло А. В., Салыгин Е. Н., Сафонов А. А., Скоробогатов В. Ю., Соболева А. К., Соловьев К. А., Сопова А. П., Сюкияйнен Л. Р., Туманова А. С., Четвернин В. А., Шепелева О. С., Шельменков В. Н. Академик: учебное пособие для 1 курса бакалавриата / Сост.: В. Б. Исаков; отв. ред.: А. А. Сафонов. М. : Национальный исследовательский университет "Высшая школа экономики", 2017.
Book Muravyeva M. G. Domestic Disturbances, Patriarchal Values: Violence, Family and Sexuality in Early Modern Europe, 1600-1900 / Ed. by M. G. Muravyeva. NY : Routledge, 2016.
Book Муравьева М. Г., Пушкарева Н. Л., Кон И. С., Михель Д., Михель И., Шаповалова В. Бытовое насилие в истории российской повседневности (XI-XXI вв.) / Науч. ред.: М. Г. Муравьева, Н. Л. Пушкарева. СПб. : Европейский университет в Санкт-Петербурге, 2012.
Book Муравьева М. Г., Сморгунова В. Ю., Честнов И. Л., Харакка-Зайцев Д. В. Правовые аспекты модернизации высшего образования в России в свете идей Болонского процесса и современного зарубежного опыта: коллективная монография. СПб. : РГПУ им. А.И. Герцена, 2005.
Articles and book chapters30
Chapter Muravyeva M. G. Degeneracy and Abuse: Attitudes to Violence Against Parents in Nineteenth-Century Russia, in: Parricide and Violence Against Parents throughout History: (De)Constructing Family and Authority? / Ed. by M. G. Muravyeva, R. M. Toivo. L. : Palgrave Macmillan, 2018. P. 57-78. doi
Chapter Muravyeva M. G. Russian Law in the Early Modern Period, in: Oxford European Legal History Handbook. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2018. Ch. 37. P. 854-875. doi
Article Muravyeva M. G. Conservative Jurisprudence and the Russian State // Europe-Asia Studies. 2017. Vol. 69. No. 8. P. 1145-1152. doi
Article Muravyeva M. G. Emotional Environments and Legal Spaces in Early Modern Russia // Journal of Social History. 2017. Vol. 51. No. 2. P. 255-271. doi
Chapter Muravyeva M. G. Russia, in: The Encyclopedia of Juvenile Delinquency and Justice. Wiley-Blackwell, 2017. doi P. 1-5. doi
Article Muravyeva M. G. Abduction of Women in Early Modern Russia: Modernizing the Empire // Russian History. 2016. Vol. 43. No. 3-4. P. 338-471. doi
Article Muravyeva M. G. Family authority, violence against parents, and parricide in Russia, 1600-1800 // Journal of Family History. 2016. Vol. 41. No. 3. P. 294-317. doi
Article Muravyeva M. G. Gender and Crime in Russian History // Russian History. 2016. Vol. 43. No. 3-4. P. 215-220. doi
Article Muravyeva M. G. History of Social Law in Russia // Rechtsgeschichte. 2016. Vol. 24. P. 420-427. doi
Chapter Muravyeva M. G., Lukoyanov A. Territories of Social (Dis)Order: criminal landscape and spatial dynamics of St. Petersburg 'neighborhoods', in: City as organism new visions for urban life Vol. 1. Rome : U+D edition, 2016. P. 581-586.
Article Muravyeva M. G. The Quest for Constitutionalism in South Africa // BRICS Law Journal. 2016. Vol. 3. No. 1. P. 138-143. doi
Article Muravyeva M. G. Legal Policy, Perspectives of the rule-of-Law and Market Economy in Russia: the Annual International Conference 'Development of Russian Law-VIII' // Russian Law Journal. 2015. Vol. 3. No. 4. P. 170-182. doi
Article Muravyeva Marianna. Bytovukha: Family Violence in Soviet Russia // Aspasia. 2014. Vol. 8. P. 90-124.
Chapter Muravyeva M. G. Legal definitions of sex crimes in the laws and commentaries of Russian Lawyers (1860s-1910s), in: Women's History in Russia: (Re)Establishing the Field / Ed. by M. G. Muravyeva, N. Novikova. Cambridge : Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2014. P. 28-49.
Article Muravyeva M. G. The Culture of Complaint: Approaches to Complaining in Russia – An Overview // Laboratorium: Russian Review of Social Research. 2014. Vol. 6. No. 3. P. 93-104.
Article Muravyeva M. G. Traditional Values and Modern Families: Legal Understanding of Tradition and Modernity in Contemporary Russia // Journal of Social Policy Studies. 2014. Vol. 12. No. 4. P. 625-638.
Article Muravyeva M. G. 'Ni pillage ni viol sans ordre préalable.' Codifier la guerre dans l'Europe moderne // Clio. Femmes, Genre, Histoire. 2014. Vol. 39. P. 59-85.
Article Muravyeva Marianna. 'A king in his own household': Domestic discipline and family violence in early modern Europe reconsidered // The History of the Family. 2013. Vol. 18. No. 3. P. 227-237.
Article Muravyeva Marianna. 'Till Death Do Us Part': Spousal Homicide in Early Modern Russia // The History of the Family. 2013. Vol. 18. No. 3. P. 306-330.
Chapter Muravyeva Marianna. Categorizing Rape in the Military Law of Modern Russia, in: Rape in Wartime. Houndmills : Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. P. 20-38.
Article Muravyeva Marianna. Russian Early Modern Criminal Procedure and Culture of Appeal // Review of Central and East European Law. 2013. Vol. 38. No. 3-4. P. 295-316.
Article Muravyeva Marianna. Russian Law Today: at the Crossroads of Past and Present // Review of Central and East European Law. 2013. Vol. 38. No. 3-4. P. 209-216.
Chapter Muravyeva Marianna. Russian Witchcraft on Trial: Historiography and Methodology for Studying Russian Witches, in: Writing Witch-Hunt Histories: Challenging the Paradigm. Leiden : Brill, 2013. P. 109-140.
Article Muravyeva Marianna. Sex, Crime and the Law: Russian and European Early Modern Legal Thought on Sex Crimes // Comparative Legal History. 2013. Vol. 1. No. 1. P. 74-102.
Article Муравьева М. Г. Калеки, инвалиды или люди с ограниченными возможностями: обзор истории инвалидности // Журнал исследований социальной политики. 2012. Т. 10. № 2. С. 151-166.
Article Муравьева М. Г. Супружеское насилие в русских семьях по светскому и церковному праву XVIII века // Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия: История. 2012. Т. 14. № 2. С. 3-19.
Chapter Muravyeva M. G. Between Law and Morality: Violence Against Women in Nineteenth-Century Russia, in: Women in Nineteenth-Century Russia: Lives and Culture. Cambridge : Open Books Publishers, 2011. P. 209-238.
Chapter Muravyeva M. G. Godparenthood in the Russian Orthodox Tradition: Custom against the Law, in: Spiritual Kinship in Europe, 1500-1900. Houndmills : Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. P. 247-274.
Article Muravyeva M. G. Oikeudelliset asenteet seksuaalista väkivaltaa kohtaan 1700-luvun Venäjällä // Oikeus. 2011. Vol. 40. No. 4. P. 420-438.
Chapter Муравьева М. Г. Гендерная история в российском вузе: нужна ли она? // В кн.: Гендерная история: pro et contra / Науч. ред.: М. Г. Муравьева. СПб. : Издательство Нестор-История, 2000. С. 3-20.
Edited7
Book Women's History in Russia: (Re)Establishing the Field / Ed. by M. G. Muravyeva, N. Novikova. Cambridge : Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2014.
Book Gender in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe / Ed. by Muravyeva Marianna. Routledge, 2013.
Book Shame, Blame, and Culpability: Crime and Violence in the Modern State / Ed. by Muravyeva Marianna, D. Nash, J. Rowbotham. L., NY : Routledge, 2012.
Book Гендерная история: pro et contra / Науч. ред.: М. Г. Муравьева. СПб. : Издательство Нестор-История, 2000.
Editorial board membership
2013: Member of the Editorial Board, Comparative Legal History.
Journal advisory and editorial boards
The Comparative Legal History Journal. Hart Publishing. 2012-present
ELTE Law Journal, Eötvös Loránd University Publishing. 2013-present
Continuum book series History of crime, deviance and punishment. 2011-present
COLLeGIUM, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies open-access journal (ISSN 1796-2986). 2011-present
Law, Crime & History. SOLON online journal (ISSN 2045-9238). 2011-present
Crime, Histoire & Societies, Journal of the International Association for the History of Crime and Criminal Justice (ISSN: 1422-0857). Libraire Droz. 2010-present
Individual Research Projects within the "HSE Academic Fund" Programme "History of urban crime in Russia: creating safe environments and urban criminology", 2015-2016
Editor and editorial boards of book series
Palgrave book series World Histories of Crime, Culture and Violence. 2014. Series editor
Routledge book series SOLON Explorations in Crime and Criminal Justice Histories. History of Crime and Culture. 2011-present
Turku Medieval and Early Modern Studies. Turku Centre for Medieval and Early Modern Studies (TUCEMEMS) publication series. 2011-present
Professional Societies Membership
European Social Sciences History Conference (ESSHC) - Advisory Board Member and Chair of the Network "Women and Gender"
European Society for Comparative Legal History (ESCLH)
Association for Slavic, East European and Eurasian Studies (ASEEES)
British Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies (BSECS)
European network for a social and cultural history of baptism and godparenthood (PATRINUS)
Interdisciplinary Studies in Law, Crime and History (SOLON)
International Federation of Research in Women's History (IFRWH)
Russian Association of Researchers in Women's History (RAIZhI) - board member
Learning Law by Doing Exploring Legal Literacy in Premodern Societies (Turku). Presentation: 'Instead of N. witnessed the deed': Russian Legal Profession in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
UK-Russian Symposium on Jurisprudence and Sovereignty (Манчестер). Presentation: Conservative Jurisprudence and Selective Sovereignty: How Do Judges Interpret the Hierarchy of Laws?
European Social Sciences History Conference (Valencia). Presentation: Spatial and Environmental Attitudes to Gender and Crime
BASEES Annual Conference, Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge (Cambridge). Presentation: Queering the space: Urban environments for sexual liberation 1600-1800
Criminal Law and Emotions in European Legal Cultures: From 16th Century to the Present (Берлин). Presentation: He Called me a Pimp and his Mother a Broad': Emotional Environments and Legal Spaces in Early Modern Russia.
"Honour Thy Father and Thy Mother": Violence Against Parents in Past and Present (Оксфорд). Presentation: Degenerative Parricides: Attitudes to Killing Parents in the 19th-century Russian Criminal Justice System
The British Legal History Conference 2015 (Рединг). Presentation: On the right to discipline: European attitudes to the right to use physical violence by private persons in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
Cities and Citizens: 17th-Century Studies Conference (Durham). Presentation: Gender & Criminal Geography in an Early Modern Russian Town
City as organism. New visions for urban life. 22nd ISUF Conference (Rome). Presentation: Territories of Social (Dis)Order: criminal landscape and spatial dynamics of St. Petersburg 'neighborhoods'
Everyday Law in Russia - 17th to 21st Centuries (Berlin). Presentation: He Called Me a Pimp and His Mother a Broad - Emotional Environments and Legal Spaces in Early Modern Russia
ASEEES Annual Convention (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania). Presentation: Animal Abuse in early Modern Russia: Physical Spaces of Negotiating the Boundaries of Humanity
Crime and Gender 1600-1900. Comparative perspectives. Presentation: Gender and criminal geography in an early modern Russian town
International Conference Development of Russian Law-VIII: Legal Policy, Perspectives of the Rule-of-Law and Market Economy in Russia (Хельсинки). Presentation: Conservative Jurisprudence and Legal Culture in Contemporary Russia
Bellies, Bodies, "Policey" Embodied Environments Between Catastrophes and Control (Tallinn). Presentation: Gender and Crime in the Urban Environment of Early Modern Russia
The 46th Annual Convention of ASEEES (San Antonio). Presentation: Prosecuting Domestic Murderers in early Modern Russia: Gendered Patterns of Criminal Justice
14th Annual Aleksanteri Conference "Restructuring State and Society in Russia" (Helsinki). Presentation: Traditional Values and Modern Families: Russian Gender and Welfare Policies between Tradition and Modernity
Third Biennial Conference of the European Society for Comparative Legal History "Traditions and Changes". (Мачерата). Presentation: Adapting to the West?: European Legal Traditions in Early Modern Russian Criminal Law
European Social Sciences History Conference (Vienna). Presentation: The Most Abominable Crime: Parricide and Abuse of Parents in Early Modern Russia
GENDER IN THE EUROPEAN TOWN: Medieval to Modern (Odense). Presentation: Gender and Criminal Geography in an Early Modern Russian Town
LEARNING LAW BY DOING: EXPLORING LEGAL LITERACY IN PREMODERN SOCIETIES (Турку). Presentation: 'Instead of N. witnessed the deed': Russian Legal Profession in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
Conference Academic Boards
European Social Sciences History Conference, Advisory board member and Women and Gender Network chair - https://esshc.socialhistory.org/
Professor, Department of Law Theory and Legal History, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 2016-
Professor, Department of Sociology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, St. Petersburg, 2014-
Marie Curie Senior Research Fellow, Oxford Brookes University, 2013-2015;
Senior Researcher, Faculty of Law, University of Helsinki, 2011-2013;
Associate Professor of Law, Herzen State Pedagogical University, 2005-2014;
Fellow, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, 2009-July 2011;
International Consultant in Human Rights, United Nations Development Program (UNDP) Uzbekistan, 2007-2008;
Associate Professor (History), Herzen State Pedagogical University, 2003-2005;
Project Manager, American Studies Through Russian and American Eyes, US State Department NISCUPP project for the University of Fairfield and Herzen State Pedagogical University, 2003-2005;
Assistant Professor (History), Herzen State Pedagogical University, 1999-2003;
Chair of the Department of Social and Economical Sciences and Arts, Librarian's Training College, St. Petersburg, 1997-1999.
Timetable for today
Full timetable
Gender expertise of regulatory documents and public administration: ways to form gender-sensitive state policy in the Russian Federation
On June 13, Marianna Muravieva, a professor at the University of Helsinki and the HSE Faculty of Law, reported at the scientific seminar of the study and research group. The report was devoted to gender expertise of legal documents and public administration, as well as ways of shaping gender-sensitive state policy in Russia.
Russian-Finnish Doctoral Conference 'Current Legal Scholarship in Russia and Finland'
On April 10-11, 2017 the Russian-Finnish conference for doctoral students 'Current Legal Scholarship in Russia and Finland' was held at HSE Faculty of Law. Doctoral students and professors from HSE and the University of Helsinki took part in the event.
Scholars Explore New Approaches to Women's History in Russia
This year, a group of Russian scholars, published Women's History in Russia: (Re)Establishing the Field, which through a series of essays explores Russian gender and women's history. The book's editor, Marianna Muravyeva, Associate Professor, St. Petersburg School of Social Sciences and Humanities recently spoke with the HSE news service about the book and the growing interest in women's history among Russian scholars.
National Research University Higher School of Economics → About HSE → Faculty and Staff → Marianna G. Muravyeva


A Federal Pell Grant, unlike a loan, does not have to be repaid. Pell Grants are awarded only to undergraduate students who have not earned a bachelor's or professional degree. (A professional degree would include a degree in a field such as pharmacy or dentistry.) For many students, Pell Grants provide a foundation of financial aid to which other aid may be added.
To determine if you're eligible financially, the U.S. Department of Education uses a standard formula, established by Congress, to evaluate the information you report when you apply. (See "Financial Need" on page 6.) The formula produces an Expected Family Contribution (EFC) number. Your Student Aid Report (SAR) contains this number and will tell you if you're eligible.
Awards for the 2001-2002 award year (July 1, 2001 to June 30, 2002) will depend on program funding. The maximum award for the 2001-2002 award year was $3,750. You can receive only one Pell Grant in an award year. How much you get will depend not only on your EFC but on your cost of attendance*, whether you're a full-time or part-time student, and whether you attend school for a full academic year* or less. You may not receive Pell Grant funds from more than one school at a time.
Your school can either credit the Pell Grant funds to your school account, pay you directly (usually by check), or combine these methods. The school must tell you in writing how and when you'll be paid and how much your award will be. Schools must pay you at least once per term (semester, trimester, or quarter). Schools that do not use formally defined, traditional terms must pay you at least twice per academic year*.
Can I receive a Federal Pell Grant if I am enrolled less than half-time?
Yes, if you're otherwise eligible. You won't receive as much as if you were enrolled full-time, but your school must disburse your Pell Grant funds in accordance with your enrollment status and cannot refuse you an award simply because you're enrolled less than half-time.


This gas block replaces your existing front sight to provide a simple, low profile design that can be used to mount a rifle length forearm to a carbine length barrel.
It is mounted by the use of two set screws and is 1" long.
AR-15 M16 M4 AR-10 Melonite Low Profile Gas Block .750dia Made in the USA!


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The Weather Channel's "COVIDCANE" Branding Is A Mockery Of This Crisis And Its Own Legacy
Dennis Mersereau 7/31/2020 08:25:00 PM covid-19 the weather channel 1 Comment
Any hurricane season is stressful when we have a storm aiming for the coast, but this season is particularly harrowing because of the ever-worsening coronavirus pandemic. It's not out of question that coastal communities will face evacuation orders at some point this season due to a storm's surge or inland flooding. When that happens, local officials will have to walk a tightrope to figure out how to safely handle evacuees without exposing folks already experiencing hardship to a coronavirus outbreak at evacuation centers and other gathering points for aid and supplies.
The Weather Channel, bless its heart, decided to call this conundrum COVIDCANE 2020: BRACING FOR DISASTER.
Come on.
The network recently ran a special report titled COVIDCANE 2020 and I held hope, however fleeting, that it was a one-off thing and the folks in charge would think better of this ill-advised branding opportunity.
Watches and warnings are up in parts of Florida ahead of Hurricane Isaias. The Weather Channel's on top of it like always. But right next to their coverage tonight is that little COVIDCANE 2020 logo, hanging out on the network's graphics and chyrons like a sorry wasp caught between the screen and the window.
How many desks did COVIDCANE 2020 have to cross before it got final approval to go on television and the internet? How many folks had to give this branding nightmare the green light and no one stopped to think for one blasted minute "hey, maybe we shouldn't do this?"
I have been in that building twice. There are lots of fantastic people who work for the company. And the building has plenty of cozy meeting rooms for any number of those great folks to go over what went wrong and make sure it doesn't happen again.
I've criticized The Weather Channel for plenty of nonsense in the past. Their winter storm names are flawed. They've given some pretty boneheaded advice during emergency situations. One of their reporters ran around in a hurricane a few years ago like a frat guy during pledge week—I hear they even wound up changing the way they cover storms after that incident.
But this is something that's completely out of character for a network that prides itself on leading the pack for weather coverage. They're supposed to be the gold standard—weather you can always turn to!—but this escapade cracks open the vault to find an empty reserve and an intern pecking at a keyboard in the dark.
The Weather Channel didn't invent over-the-top branding during natural disasters. News organizations have been packaging flashy graphics and snazzy music for crises since they got the technology. But the company should know better. More than 150,000 people are dead from a virus in five months. We're adding tens of thousands of new cases every day. A hurricane is heading toward the worst-hit part of the country right now and goodness knows what else will form in the coming months.
This is stress on top of stress.
We all know the power of graphics, chyrons, and headlines. Advertising this as COVIDCANE 2020 cheapens the threat and makes it sound like it's just another ratings opportunity instead of a serious examination of two disasters converging in a way we haven't experienced in living memory in the United States.
Do better.
[Images: @weatherchannel on Twitter (1 & 2)]
Who made you the EXPERT?. Pres Trump.?
Where did you get your meteorology degree? Cracker Jax box. You are pompass.
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This Weekend's Weather Is Perfect To Just Stay Home


text:
Home/News/White Vision's MCU Appearance Was Set Up In Avengers: Infinity War
MoviesNewsTelevision
White Vision's MCU Appearance Was Set Up In Avengers: Infinity War
Deepak VasishtMarch 2, 2021
WandaVision released its second-last episode and it only tells us that the climax will be nothing like anything we've ever seen before. WandaVision episode 8 introduces S.W.O.R.D.'s true sentient weapon, the White Vision who is clearly set up for an intriguing, no doubt devastating showdown with the "real" Vision (Wanda's version) and Scarlet Witch in the finale. The character's shocking introduction was the clever pay-off to Acting Director Hayward's almost buried tease in episode 7 of Project Cataract being ready as Monica Rambeau prepared her own attempt to infiltrate Wanda's Hex. The White Vision is the latest in a long line of superheroes being forced to fight versions of themselves: even beyond the limits of the MCU, Wolverine, Superman and The Arrowverse's Flash have all battled dark inversions of themselves.
We first saw Vision in Avengers: Age of Ultron. At that time, Vision helped the Avengers defeat Ultron and successfully become one of the most precious Avengers. Later on, in Infinity War, we had to sadly see Vision depart us as Thanos managed to rip out the Mind Stone from Vision's head, basically putting him to rest. Vision is often referred to as The Vision, as of now, particularly by Hayward, was ostensibly in Age of Ultron by the titular antagonist, who was attempting to create a new synthetic body for himself made of the rare metal vibranium (with the help of Helen Cho).
However, Vision is actually a construct created by various parties, as Ultron himself was created by Tony Stark and Bruce Banner, who were trying to use data from the Mind Stone to create an Artificial Intelligence Peacekeeping Program. The Avengers retrieved the partially complete synthezoid from Ultron, uploaded the remains of the J.A.R.V.I.S. program to it, and then Thor used Mjolnir's lightning to provide the power needed to give Vision life.
Avengers: Age of Ultron proved that Vision can survive without the Mind Stone. This was established by none other than the Hulk. As Bruce states in Infinity War, "Your mind is made of a complex construct of overlays. Jarvis, Ultron, Tony, me, the stone. All of them mixed together."
Shuri tried to reprogram Vision's synapses so that the Infinity Stone could be removed, but was interrupted by Thanos and his army before she could complete her work. Some point after the events of Infinity War, S.W.O.R.D. retained Vision's remains with the intent of reviving him as a sentient weapon, but were unsuccessful without the Mind Stone. WandaVision reveals that Shuri's basic theory was right, but the SWORD scientists were missing one crucial ingredient to get Vision back online: a power source. The surprise White Vision reveals in Previously On: was brief. It definitely has led the finale of WandaVision open to a plethora of questions.
The mid-credits scene showed Hayward and his team using the chaos magic from Wanda's hex — which was still radiating throughout the drone they sent into Westview, giving the device a distinct red shimmer — to activate Vision, with Hayward commenting that it was "energy directly from the source." Presumably, by "source" he was referring to the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) that Darcy previously detected in Westview, but it could also be a reference to the power of the Mind Stone itself — which was shown to have unlocked Wanda's powers before the events of Age of Ultron. In other words, the scene suggests that Wanda's chaos magic could have the same properties as the Mind Stone, or that she's able to channel residual elements of the Mind Stone despite it having been destroyed.
The version of Vision created by Project Cataract is an imperfect one, at least in the eyes of Wanda (and MCU fans of the character). It is, effectively, a blank slate, tied inherently to the Vision Quest comics are created by John Byrne in the late '80s. Just as Vision was reborn without emotion and any sense of his "soul", S.W.O.R.D.'s version is clearly rebuilt without any of the inconvenient quirks of the real Vision like morality, humanity, and a will for self-discovery. He is a mere machine, programmed by his masters to enact missions without anything that made Vision more human than robot. As his death proves in Infinity War, Vision's color is linked directly to his vitality: when he dies, he loses his pigment, almost as if he's drained of his blood. The chilling implication there is that the new S.W.O.R.D. Vision is a lifeless abomination.
The episode indicated through a flashback that Wanda was no longer able to sense Vision from his disassembled body, hinting that if he had been reactivated, it wouldn't be the man she fell in love with. This new color scheme is likely a reference to the character lacking his personality and memories — either because the Mind Stone is absent, or simply as a side effect of S.W.O.R.D. reprogramming him. Whether White Vision will be an autonomous being or some sort of sentient weapon remains to be seen, but one thing is certain: the event sets up an exciting WandaVision finale.
WandaVision is yet to release the finale of their first season, which will premiere this Friday on Disney+.
Avengers Infinity War Disney Marvel mcu WandaVision White Vision
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BillBojangles, 1878–1949, U.S. tap dancer.
Board·man [bawrd-muh n, bohrd-] /ˈbɔrd mən, ˈboʊrd-/, 1876–1952, U.S. painter and illustrator, born in Nova Scotia.
Brooks Calbert,born 1937, U.S. baseball player.
Edward G.Emanuel Goldenberg, 1893–1973, U.S. actor, born in Romania.
Frank,born 1935, U.S. baseball player: first black manager in Major Leagues, 1975.
Frederick John, Viscount Gode·rich [gohd-rich] /ˈgoʊd rɪtʃ/, 1st Earl of Ripon,1782–1859, British statesman: prime minister 1827–28.
Jack RooseveltJackie, 1919–72, U.S. baseball player.
Mary,born 1944, Irish lawyer and politician: first woman president 1990–97.
RayWalker SmithSugar Ray, 1921–1989, U.S. boxer.
Sir Robert,1886–1975, English chemist: Nobel prize 1947.
A bounty hunter told AFP that the suspected Texan could very well be Everett Livvix of Robinson, Illinois.
"We approached her originally to give her the opportunity of a normal life," Robinson told The Daily Beast.
Robinson said the cast could hardly wait to see who would be next.
Robinson was now a far worse man than ever he had been out of prison.
Robinson put a couple of nuts in his hunting bag, and also the shells from the broken nuts.
He went up to Captain Robinson and told him the condition of the ship.
see before you can say Jack Robinson.


Kobe Bryant and Vanessa Bryant recently welcomed their third child, a baby girl named Bianka. The Mamba shared a pic of the newborn.
Bianka was born on Dec. 5. "@vanessabryant and I are beyond excited to welcome our newest baby girl, Bianka!! #BabyBlessing #SweetBaby #AnotherAngel ❤," wrote Bryant on Instagram.


text:
Q: Dropped Database Connections in SQL Server 2008R2 We are having an annoying intermittent problem where database connections from our client application on a variety of stations will get dropped.  We have applications that use ODBC, Borland Database Engine, and ADO and all get dropped.  When connections do get dropped, it isn't everyone - some remain connected while others get dropped.  Looking in the logs of one of the applications, I see messages like the following:

*

*TCP Provider: The semaphore timeout period has expired

*TCP Provider: An existing connection was forcibly closed by the remote host

*Query timeout expired

*TCP Provider: No such host is known

I don't see any error messages in the SQL error log or in the Windows events on either the client or the SQL Server.  Is there anyway to determine if this is a database or network issue from the SQL Server side of things?  For example, is there something I can turn on to monitor database connections and get reports when they are dropped?  This happens maybe once or twice a day but not at any specific time (not when backups run or something).

The issue seems to be network related and out of scope for this forum.

A: It can be SQL related, not just OS and hardware:
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/2491214

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


It's finally friday but I am sick so tomorrow I won't be able to ride. I hope my mom drives me to the barn though, I don't see my girl since March 21st, how is this even possible?!
Well, since I'm stuck at home, I am spending my time searching for all the new collections - I haven't seen any Spring/Summer collection that is to die for, am I crazy?! My opinion is that Euro-Star has one of the best collections of the season, always classy, always preppy but always modern.
I want to know, who loves the breeches and who's going to get them? It would be awesome to see you wearing them!
Now, what's your opinion on the rest of the collection? Which are you favorite items and colors? I would totally get everything from my list but I also think they should create more items for the horses.


Our Amazon Frontline, the title of the exhibition in the Peruvian Pavilion at the Venice Architecture Biennale 2016, refers to a vast cultural, social and environmental project aimed to protect the Amazon rainforest and to involve local communities into the process.
Once again, schooling, education, high-quality architecture, and socializing spaces are the instruments adopted to promote multiculturalism and to connect populations of different life style and cultural background.
The exhibition in Venice particularly focuses on Plan Selva, a public project started in 2015 and promoted by the Ministry of Education of Peru, aimed to built hundreds of schools in rural areas of the Amazon region, remotely located and often lacking even the most basic infrastructures.
above: Peruvian pavilion, installation view, photo Inexhibit.
The new school buildings, conceived by a team composed of 14 architects and industrial designers, were designed to be modular, easy to build, suitable for the local climate, and to make use of locally-sourced materials. Through the new structures, the objective is to reinstate dignity to populations which are currently pushed to the sidelines of the Peruvian society, as well as to make different and apparently incompatible words meet.
above: Peruvian pavilion, installation views, photos Inexhibit.
above: Peruvian pavilion, installation view, photo Andrea Avezzù, courtesy La Biennale di Venezia.


Hearts & Daggers by Ed Hardy. This is a fresh and floral fragrance for women. It contains of mango, red apple, blood orange, apple blossom, jasmine, musk, woodsy notes, violet leaf, amber and benzoin.
I bought this for my wife a number of years ago and saw this on a good price, so bought it again. She is very happy with this procuct and loves the smell.


Does this work with Pi Zero Camera Box Bundle?
Does this stub cable work with the Pi PIR Motion Sensor Camera Bundle Box for Pi Zero?
The Raspberry Pi Zero v1.3 comes equipped with a special mini camera port which is smaller than the standard connector for the Raspberry Pi Camera and Noir Camera! So how do you connect to it? With this special camera cable designed specifically for the Raspberry Pi Zero of course! This is a stub version, and measures 38mm, perfect for small enclosures where longer cables are not required!
Just plug it into your Pi Zero's camera port and then the other end into one of the official Pi Cameras for photo & video fun time!


text:
Violence in Washington shows we must change the toxic political culture in Britain
By Richard Benyon
14 Jan Political parties
EXCL Labour allies across EU pile pressure on Jeremy Corbyn to help overturn Brexit
Emilio Casalicchio
3 min read 16 April 2019
Dozens of Labour allies from across the EU have piled pressure on Jeremy Corbyn to include a promise to overturn Brexit in his upcoming European Parliament manifesto.
Some 25 MEPs from the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (PASD) have penned a letter to the Labour leader, seen by PoliticsHome, urging him to back a "pro-European and progressive platform".
Mr Corbyn has insisted a second EU referendum must remain an option to break the Brexit deadlock in Westminster but has refused to unconditionally back a fresh poll.
But the socialist MEPs representing 10 nations urged the Labour leader to run a "strong, confident pro-European" campaign to help prevent the "rise of populism" and help shape "a better future for an entire continent".
They said: "The British Labour party must participate in the European elections and help change the balance of power in Europe. Labour would do well in European elections and could command a large coalition of internationalists who want to see vast social change.
"A Labour party leading the socialist group in coalition with the other European left parties could reform the EU into a project for social and environmental justice across borders."
They said pro- and anti-EU figures on the left should "put aside our differences" to fight the far right forces that are gaining traction across Europe in Hungary, Italy, Holland, France and elsewhere.
The letter was spearheaded by Josef Weidenholzer, a vice president of the PASD, the second biggest grouping in the European Parliament.
He told PoliticsHome: "This shows the solidarity across all member states from our socialist sisters and brothers that they want the UK to remain in the EU.
"Labour must stand as a pro-European party as it is in the tradition and history of the party, built upon the values of internationalism, collaboration and collective bargaining. We are stronger when we stand together."
The PASD includes Labour MEPs, who have been pushing Mr Corbyn to back a second EU referendum, and has met the party leader on numerous occasions.
'PEACE, PROSPERITY AND PROGRESSIVE POLICIES'
Labour MEP Julie Ward added: "Since the referendum took place in 2016 my Socialist and Democrat colleagues have been hugely supportive of Labour MEPs and they remain so.
"The Labour party must stand up for European values of peace, prosperity and progressive policies in the upcoming elections, because these are shared values and I intend to promote this in my re-election campaign."
Britain was forced to trigger the legal process for taking part in the 23 May elections after MPs refused to agree a Brexit deal, but the country could still pull out before polling day if the Commons backs an EU withdrawal plan.
It is understood that Labour MEPs are pushing for a second referendum pledge to be included in the Labour manifesto. The manifesto will be decided by the ruling Labour executive.
A Labour spokesperson declined to comment.
Read the most recent article written by Emilio Casalicchio - Labour MP Wes Streeting demands crackdown on 'aggressive' school protesters angry at LGBT teaching
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