This property is offered as a Commercial site, the property is approx. 2.02 acres. with approx. 276' of highway frontage and a dept of approx. 300'. The property is a great location for a commercial site. Included is an older but well kept 3 bedroom 1 3/4 bath home currently occupied and several out buildings made of wood and tin. there is an older frame/ stucco building that was once used as a commercial retail site. These are being offered in AS IS Condition. The home has city water and a private septic system. A multi purpose property.


From kickboxing to Krav Maga, martial arts classes can help keep you safe – while whipping you into shape. What to know before signing up.
Avital Zeisler's life was beginning to change for the better. At age 19, she had just begun college courses and was looking forward to pursuing her dreams of dancing or working in another creative profession. "I was really excited to begin the next chapter of my life," she remembers.
Then, she was sexually assaulted.
"I was just completely broken inside, mentally and emotionally," says Zeisler, now a 26-year-old in New York City. To cope with the trauma, she tried therapy, creative writing, going out with friends and various fitness classes and competitions. "I tried everything to heal myself – and nothing worked," Zeisler remembers.
Everything, that is, except self-defense. At the urging of her dad, Zeisler enrolled in Krav Maga, a type of self-defense used by the Israeli military. She progressed through the classes as far as possible, even becoming a certified instructor and teaching in Israel and New York. "Self-defense … was a way for me to do something positive [and combat] the violence," Zeisler says.
Zeisler then created a self-defense program of her own, launching The Soteria Method in 2013. The practice is a "360-degree approach to self-care through self-defense. fitness and empowerment" that aims to equip women with the mental and physical skills to keep them safe without compromising their femininity, Zeisler says.
One of the method's lessons, for example, teaches women how to defend themselves while wearing heels or by using a purse. Most emphasize movements that strengthen and tone the upper body, core and glutes, while also providing a cardiovascular workout.
Why fight to get fit?
Merging martial arts and fitness not only teaches students to protect themselves while getting fit, but it also engages their minds in a way most standard fitness classes don't. For example, many martial arts classes begin with an acted-out scenario – say, three men approaching you at an ATM – rather than a warmup or stretching session. Then students debrief with their instructor and learn how to protect themselves in such situations. Unlike some workouts that are difficult to get your mind into, Graden says, "you're immediately alive in that class." Zeisler sees this mental shift among her students too. "Instead of focusing on how many reps [they] have left, they're focused on the form and the survival aspect of it," she says.
For Samantha Thomas, a 24-year-old forensic technician in Largo, Florida, self-defense offered a new challenge to her tired gym routine. After stumbling upon C.O.B.R.A. Fit – a 10-week course in kickboxing, strength-training and nutrition – about four years ago, she was hooked. "It's not like any other workout program out there," she says. In fact, she liked it so much that she moved on toC.O.B.R.A's self-defense program, a 10-week course dubbed "a police academy for civilians" that draws on martial arts, law enforcement, close-quarters combat techniques and the psychology of criminal intent. Thomas still practices at least four times a week, and she earned her orange belt last month. For her, the best part of the program is its real-world applicability.


text:
Games PC World's most expensive gaming laptop – Acer Predator 21X
World's most expensive gaming laptop – Acer Predator 21X
Phone Tech
The Acer Predator 21 X is world's well build the gaming gadget, and while if we talk about its cost, it is expensive for most of people. It is really very much applauded the laptop which would really impress you. It is really the most powerful gaming laptop ever with Huge screen, Good cooling solution and Easy to use software. While if we talk about its negative points; it is Ridiculously expensive, heavy, Very short battery life and Bulky design. It is different from the rest of devices which is very much amusing and entertaining. It is very much an inspiring laptop ever available today though it has a high tag price.
Its price is £9,000 ($8,999.99, around AU$15,120).
Its designing is surely manifest due to Acer's Predator line up. It has bright LEDs, sharp angles and edges, and a plastic body with black and silver paint, which makes it best gaming gadget with high performance. Its loud and assertive. Users would definitely love looks which proves that it is isolating, lacking premium and materials looks which is obvious for expensive laptops. It does not come in a box but in huge flight case, it makes it look more impressive. The bulk of the flight case is filled with padding to protect the ultra-expensive laptop. Its dimensions are 3.3 x 22.4 x 12.4 inches (8.38 x 56.9 x 31.5cm) and weight is 18.74 pounds (8.5kg). It is easily a transportable laptop. It has powerful hardware inside and it has sheer size which is obvious. It has a whopping five-fan cooling system which keeps it cool. It has three fans; they are metal Predator Aero Blade fans built by Acer to be ultra-thin and quiet; it keeps processor and graphic cards cool.
From pgmag.com
It also has nine heat pipes which actually dissipates heat from it, and most thrilling thing is that it keeps the noise level less while doing this all. It has large size of the Acer Predator 21 X which makes difficult to carry, but the good thing is that it makes it is good quality. It has four Dolby Audio Premium speakers and two subwoofers touting cinema-like sound quality and virtual surround sound. It also has a full-size, backlit mechanical keyboard with Cherry Brown MX switches which is really awe-inspiring and feels very good when you are gaming. It has unique module that on one side includes the numpad on the right side but it can be disconnected and flipped too to become a trackpad through magnet which is amazing. Its features are very beautifully designed and they work so skillfully. But unfortunately, it does not function wirelessly though you can position numpad and trackpad whenever you want to.
You have to use the proper mouse with the Acer Predator 21 X when you are gaming. There are five programmable keys on the left side which assigns various macros and functions. Function keys are functioned by Acer's Predator Sense software as it is a well-designed app which design the laptop according to your requirements. The main keys can also be detached and their switches can also be made different and there is also wrist pad which connects to the Predator 21 X's body. There is power button above the keyboard and Perspex window too which actually makes sure that one of the fans is running.
There are awesome illustrations of the hardware components located underneath (and this can be customized) on the left side. The plate can easily be detached giving entrance to hardware, which can be replaced and improved too. There is Acer Predator 21 X which makes sure that it will work for a very long time period but you may need to update it at some point for improvement. You would just be exchanging some of the components optimistically.
From techadvisor.com
Its features include gigabit Ethernet network port, HDMI, four USB 3.0 ports, five USB 2.0 ports, a DisplayPort, and microphone and headphone jacks which is simply awful. It has many ports. There is also enough space for all these ports. It would not make any problem for those people who download their games from services such as Steam and Origin. It would be sad to know that it could create an issue for those who still have games (and apps) that run off CDs and DVDs as you cannot utilize Predator 21 X's amazing screen to watch DVDs or Blu-rays unless you buy an external drive. Its GPU is overlocked and is ready for action which 7th Gen Intel Core i7 processor.
It comes with 64GB of DDR4 2400 RAM which is enough. Its IT sounds so well that you would surely enjoy it. It also has Built-in webcam camera and Gigabit LAN, 802.11ac Wi-Fi connectivity. Its size is 22.4 x 12.4 x 3.3 inches (56.9 x 31.5 x 8.4 cm; W x D x H). It would be providing 2 x Nvidia GTX 1080 (8GB GDDR5, SLI) GPU and 2.90 GHz Intel Core i7-7820HK (quad-core, 8MB cache, up to 3.90GHz) CPU.
Its screen is very stylish and has breathtaking components inside. Its screen size is 21 inches which very large and its aspect ratio is 21:9. Its resolution is 2,560 x 1,080 resolution and is definitely intense for playing games. This puts on an extra space onto either side of display and gamer really finds it very much enjoyable. It has an ultra-wide monitor which is quite thrilling. Interestingly, it has a curved monitor and gamers would obviously find it very much exciting and comfortable as the edges fill your peripheral vision. Its screen utilizes Nvidia's G-Sync technology with a refresh rate of 120Hz; keeping minimum screen tearing input lag.
From siliconnerd.com
There is a thin line of transparent plastic under display sits, with two LEDs flashing behind it. It is part of Tobi eye-tracking technology included in the Predator 21 X which actually tracks your eye movement to make you feel comfortable while playing the game.
Its 21 inched screen, ultra-wide display makes the Acer Predator 21 X large and unhandy, sheer audacity is quite good; you don't pay much attention to size while gaming. It needs two (yes, two) chunky power supplies to power it.
Insurgency: Sandstorm is now free-to-play on this weekend
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Marvel's Avengers – Developers announced character designs won't change
acer predator 21X
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Uzoma, Obinna (2014) The Role of Health on Economic Growth in Sub-saharan Africa. Other thesis, Covenant University.
This study empirically examines the role of health on economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa using a panel data from 1990 to 2011. The study employed a panel data analysis in which the random effects model was used to examine the relationships among variables. Each of the explanatory variables were tested for multicollinearity using the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) which was not found among variables, and other tests such as the Hausman test which showed that the random effects model is the most preferred, the heteroskedasticity test which was also conducted using the Modified Wald test and found the presence of heteroskedasticity which was corrected in the model and the random effects test using the Breush-Pagan lagrange multiplier. The random effects model results show that health in terms of life expectancy has an inelastic and significant influence on gross domestic product per capita while in terms of the prevalence of HIV showed an inelastic but did not have a significant influence on gross domestic product per capita. Another important result is that economic growth had a positive relationship with gross fixed capita formation, secondary school enrolment and the prevalence of HIV while it had a negative relationship with total labour force and life expectancy. Thus, we conclude that although health in terms of mortality and morbidity had an inelastic relationship on gross domestic product per capita, mortality showed a significant influence while morbidity had no significant influence on economic growth in Sub-Saharan African.


Convulsic's beats are on par with Skrillex but even then his own intensity and vision show through like the bright star he's meant to be.
Convulsic's debut 2012 single, Syndrome, landed him a recording contract and endless airplay on underground and internet radio stations. Convulsic has been featured on several dubstep and EDM blogs — a community he's already become a pillar to with his unique twist on the dubstep genre.
Convulsic's newest EP, Love Space, is a musical head trip to space and back. Love Space transcends traditional EDM from it's soaring heights, deepest bass lows and the lyrical hooks that keep drawing you back into his world.


The Centenary Hat by Akubra was released for the Akubra 1912-2012 Centenary. A classic Aussie country style, featuring a ribbon band, and a unique Centenary hat badge.
The Centenary Hat by Akubra was released for the Akubra 1912-2012 Centenary. A classic Aussie country style, featuring a narrow ribbon band, Centenary stamped leather and a unique Centenary hat badge.
The crown has a pinched front and an oval shape crease on top, it's a well proportioned hat making it versatile choice. This style is made to order with a 3 month wait, but when the hat arrives you will see it's well worth the wait.
1. Simply obtain a tape measure and measure the circumference of the head, just above the ears.
2. Ensure that the tape is wound straight around the head and is level from front to back. You may feel a bump in the back of the head - please ensure that the tape sits over the bump as this will be the widest part.
3. Please measure a few times for accuracy.
4. If the measurement is in between sizes, please select the larger size. For example, a head measuring 59.1cm - 60cm would take a size 60cm hat.
Please note: For Akubra hats with a leather hat band, It's always best to buy a hat that is a little too big, rather than too small. As well as moulding to your head, your Akubra hat will shrink over time. If a hat feels too loose initially, you can pack the inside of the crown to make the hat feel smaller, or use a hat Insert.
If you are in doubt about any sizing information, we are sizing expert with 30 years experience. Please contact us, if you have any sizing questions.
Please note: This information is to be used as a guide only, we can't make any guarantees in regards to size recommendations.


text:
Split and Rephrase
Shashi Narayan, Claire Gardent, Shay Cohen, Anastasia Shimorina
School of Informatics
Institute of Language, Cognition and Computation
Language, Interaction and Robotics
We propose a new sentence simplification task (Split-and-Rephrase) where the aim is to split a complex sentence into a meaning preserving sequence of shorter sentences. Like sentence simplification, splitting-and-rephrasing has the potential of benefiting both natural language processing and societal applications. Because shorter sentences are generally better processed by NLP systems, it could be used as a preprocessing step which facilitates and improves the performance of parsers, semantic role labellers and machine translation systems. It should also be of use for people with reading disabilities because it allows the conversion of longer sentences into shorter ones. This paper makes two contributions towards this new task. First, we create and make available a benchmark consisting of 1,066,115 tuples mapping a single complex sentence to a sequence of sentences expressing the same meaning. Second, we propose five models (vanilla sequence-to-sequence to semantically-motivated models) to understand the difficulty of the proposed task.
The 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)
Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)
https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/D17-1064
EMNLP 2017: Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing - Copenhagen, Denmark
Duration: 7 Sep 2017 → 11 Sep 2017
http://emnlp2017.net/index.html
http://emnlp2017.net/
EMNLP 2017: Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
10.18653/v1/D17-1064Licence: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC-BY)
emnlp17sr(2)-1Accepted author manuscript, 258 KB
http://aclweb.org/anthology/D17-1064Licence: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC-BY)
http://emnlp2017.net/accepted-papers.html
Dive into the research topics of 'Split and Rephrase'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Natural language processing systems Engineering & Materials Science 100%
SUMMA - Scalable Understanding of Mulitingual Media
Renals, S., Birch-Mayne, A. & Cohen, S.
Acoustics 100%
Transcription 90%
Speech recognition 86%
Acoustic Model 56%
Narayan, S., Gardent, C., Cohen, S., & Shimorina, A. (2017). Split and Rephrase. In The 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP) (pp. 606-616). Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL). https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/D17-1064
Narayan, Shashi ; Gardent, Claire ; Cohen, Shay ; Shimorina, Anastasia. / Split and Rephrase. The 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), 2017. pp. 606-616
@inproceedings{fd5ede11f0b442bc9488f251b6ff243c,
title = "Split and Rephrase",
abstract = "We propose a new sentence simplification task (Split-and-Rephrase) where the aim is to split a complex sentence into a meaning preserving sequence of shorter sentences. Like sentence simplification, splitting-and-rephrasing has the potential of benefiting both natural language processing and societal applications. Because shorter sentences are generally better processed by NLP systems, it could be used as a preprocessing step which facilitates and improves the performance of parsers, semantic role labellers and machine translation systems. It should also be of use for people with reading disabilities because it allows the conversion of longer sentences into shorter ones. This paper makes two contributions towards this new task. First, we create and make available a benchmark consisting of 1,066,115 tuples mapping a single complex sentence to a sequence of sentences expressing the same meaning. Second, we propose five models (vanilla sequence-to-sequence to semantically-motivated models) to understand the difficulty of the proposed task.",
author = "Shashi Narayan and Claire Gardent and Shay Cohen and Anastasia Shimorina",
doi = "10.18653/v1/D17-1064",
booktitle = "The 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)",
note = "EMNLP 2017: Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2017 ; Conference date: 07-09-2017 Through 11-09-2017",
url = "http://emnlp2017.net/index.html, http://emnlp2017.net/",
Narayan, S, Gardent, C, Cohen, S & Shimorina, A 2017, Split and Rephrase. in The 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), pp. 606-616, EMNLP 2017: Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7/09/17. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/D17-1064
Split and Rephrase. / Narayan, Shashi; Gardent, Claire; Cohen, Shay; Shimorina, Anastasia.
The 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), 2017. p. 606-616.
T1 - Split and Rephrase
AU - Narayan, Shashi
AU - Gardent, Claire
AU - Cohen, Shay
AU - Shimorina, Anastasia
N2 - We propose a new sentence simplification task (Split-and-Rephrase) where the aim is to split a complex sentence into a meaning preserving sequence of shorter sentences. Like sentence simplification, splitting-and-rephrasing has the potential of benefiting both natural language processing and societal applications. Because shorter sentences are generally better processed by NLP systems, it could be used as a preprocessing step which facilitates and improves the performance of parsers, semantic role labellers and machine translation systems. It should also be of use for people with reading disabilities because it allows the conversion of longer sentences into shorter ones. This paper makes two contributions towards this new task. First, we create and make available a benchmark consisting of 1,066,115 tuples mapping a single complex sentence to a sequence of sentences expressing the same meaning. Second, we propose five models (vanilla sequence-to-sequence to semantically-motivated models) to understand the difficulty of the proposed task.
AB - We propose a new sentence simplification task (Split-and-Rephrase) where the aim is to split a complex sentence into a meaning preserving sequence of shorter sentences. Like sentence simplification, splitting-and-rephrasing has the potential of benefiting both natural language processing and societal applications. Because shorter sentences are generally better processed by NLP systems, it could be used as a preprocessing step which facilitates and improves the performance of parsers, semantic role labellers and machine translation systems. It should also be of use for people with reading disabilities because it allows the conversion of longer sentences into shorter ones. This paper makes two contributions towards this new task. First, we create and make available a benchmark consisting of 1,066,115 tuples mapping a single complex sentence to a sequence of sentences expressing the same meaning. Second, we propose five models (vanilla sequence-to-sequence to semantically-motivated models) to understand the difficulty of the proposed task.
UR - http://emnlp2017.net/accepted-papers.html
U2 - 10.18653/v1/D17-1064
DO - 10.18653/v1/D17-1064
BT - The 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)
PB - Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)
T2 - EMNLP 2017: Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Narayan S, Gardent C, Cohen S, Shimorina A. Split and Rephrase. In The 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL). 2017. p. 606-616 https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/D17-1064


text:
\section*{Introduction}
\textbf{Practical implementation of quantum networks are likely to interface different types of quantum systems. When photonic interconnects link the systems together, they must preserve the quantum properties of the photon. These light-matter interfaces may be used as necessary communication tools, such as to synchronise photon arrival times for entanglement distribution. Trapped ions are strong candidates for communication nodes owing to their long qubit life time \cite{langer2005} and high fidelity ion-photon entanglement \cite{stute2012}, whilst neutral atoms are versatile quantum systems, useful as memories \cite{Duan2001, Pan2018, specht2011}, for photon storage \cite{katz2018} or tunable photon delay via slow light \cite{Camacho06,Camacho07}. Development of these two quantum technologies has largely proceeded in separate tracks, partly due to their disparate wavelengths of operation, but combining these platforms offers a compelling hybrid quantum system for use in quantum networking and distributed quantum computing. Here, we demonstrate the first interaction of photons emitted from a trapped ion, with neutral atoms by implementing slow light in a warm atomic vapour.  We use two hyperfine absorption resonances in a warm $^{87}$Rb  vapour to provide a slow light medium in which a single photon from a trapped Ba$^+$ ion is delayed by up to 13.5$\pm$0.5 ns. The delay is tunable and  preserves the temporal properties of the photons. This result showcases a hybrid interface, useful for linking different quantum systems together, or as a synchronisation tool for the arrival times of photons - an essential tool for future quantum networks.}

Establishing scalable quantum networks requires integration of disparate quantum components. Significant investment in design, control and development of trapped ion and neutral atom quantum technologies has yielded remarkable progress in quantum networking \cite{hucul2015,Kimble08,kuhn2002}, computing \cite{figgatt2017,haffner2008}, metrology \cite{Wineland2017,Ye2017} and simulation \cite{blatt2012,bloch2012,zhang2017,bernien2017}. Neutral atom vapours and magneto-optical trapped atoms are commonly used as slow-light media \cite{Camacho06,Camacho07,khurgin2010} for either pulses of light or, as in this work, single photons. A hybrid system that combines highly desirable features of different components, such as high-fidelity trapped ion nodes with robust neutral atom quantum storage, would realise a viable quantum network tool.

Photonic linking of quantum systems to form a hybrid platform has been shown using single atoms \cite{meyer2015,lettner2011}, Bose-Einstein condensates \cite{lettner2011}, solid-state systems \cite{akopian2011}, atomic vapors \cite{Siyushev2014} and atomic ensembles \cite{Zhang2011,maring2017}, although never been trapped ions and neutral atoms. Connecting trapped ions and neutral atoms requires overcoming the disparate wavelengths of the photons emitted by each system, in our case 493 nm for Ba$^+$ ions and 780 nm for neutral Rb. Quantum frequency conversion (QFC) makes it possible to convert a photon's frequency to another frequency, say, to the telecommunication range \cite{Bock2018,Walker18,ikuta2018} or to a wavelength compatible with otherwise incompatible quantum memories \cite{Siverns2018}, while preserving its quantum properties \cite{kumar1990,Bock2018}. Our approach combines QFC and a strong light-mater interaction to form a hybrid trapped ion and neutral atom interface.

\begin{figure*}[t]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{setup2}
	\caption{\textbf{Experimental schematic of photon production from a $^{138}$Ba$^{+}$  ion, quantum frequency conversion and photonic slowing in a warm neutral $^{87}$Rb  vapour} (a) The energy levels of $^{138}$Ba$^{+}$  and schematic showing the ion confined in a segmented blade trap. A TTL pulse activated acusto-optic modulator (AOM) controls 650 nm excitation light. (b) The QFC set-up including a periodically-poled-lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide. Converted light, $\omega_{0}$, is at the difference frequency between ion photons at $\omega_{\text{ion}}$ and pump photons at $\omega_{\text{pump}}$. A series of filters and a Bragg grating filter out pump light and unconverted 493 nm light and reduce the amount of anti-Stokes noise. (c) A $^{87}$Rb  energy level diagram and a vapour cell housed inside a heater through which converted single photons pass. (d) Photons are detected on an avalanche photo-diode (APD) and a time-correlated single photon counter (TCSPC) collects the arrival time of the photons with respect to the TTL sent to the AOM. As an example, single photon temporal shapes at 493 nm (blue circles) and frequency converted photons after passing through cell (red circles), both at room temperature.}
	\label{Fig:setup}
\end{figure*}

Figure~\ref{Fig:setup} shows our experimental set-up used to frequency convert and slow single photons from an ion in a warm atomic vapour cell. Slow light in atomic vapours requires a medium which possesses a low group velocity and can be achieved using photons with a frequency between two absorption resonances of a medium \cite{khurgin2010}. The two absorption resonances may be interrogated via electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) or far-off resonantly as shown in Fig.~\ref{Fig:87Rb}(a). In this work we use the two D$_{2}$ absorption resonances created by the hyperfine ground state splitting in $^{87}$Rb as described in \cite{Camacho06,Camacho07}. This method requires a less complex experimental set-up as compared with EIT, as only single photons at the correct frequency are required to achieve slowing with no additional lasers required. For this case, the complex index of refraction (Fig.~\ref{Fig:87Rb}(b)) is given by

\begin{equation}
	n(\delta)=1-A\left(\frac{g_1}{\delta + \Delta_+ + i\gamma/2} + \frac{g_2}{\delta - \Delta_- + i\gamma/2}\right)
\label{Eqn:Index}
\end{equation}

\noindent
where $g_1$ and $g_2$ are the the different relative strengths of the two resonances (7/16 and 9/16 respectively for $^{87}$Rb), $\gamma$ is the homogeneous linewidth, $\delta$ is the detuning from peak transmission and $\Delta_{\pm} = \omega_{s} \pm \Delta$ with $ \omega_{s} = (\omega_2 - \omega_1)/2$ and $\Delta = \omega_{s}((g_1^{1/3}-g_2^{1/3})/(g_1^{1/3}+g_2^{1/3}))$. The frequencies of the two individual absorption peaks are given as $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$. The total strength of the resonance, $A$, in a vapour cell is a function of the atomic number density, $N$, and is given by

\begin{equation}
	A = \frac{N\abs{\mu}^2}{2\epsilon_0\hbar(g_1+g_2)}
\label{Eqn:Strength}
\end{equation}

\noindent
where $\mu$ is the effective far-detuned dipole moment, $\epsilon_0$ is the vacuum permittivity and $\hbar$ is the reduced Plank constant. Using the real part of equation \ref{Eqn:Index}, $n_{r}(\delta)$, it is possible to derive the group velocity,

\begin{equation}
	v_g(\delta) = \left(\frac{\omega_0}{c}\frac{d n_{r}(\delta)}{d\omega}\right)^{-1}
\label{Eqn:GroupVelocity}
\end{equation}

\noindent
where $c$ is the speed of light in vacuum and $\omega_0$ is the frequency from the mid-point between the two absorption resonances to the excited $P_{1/2}$ level and, in this work, the frequency of the converted Ba$^+$ ion photons. From equation \ref{Eqn:GroupVelocity}, in the normal dispersion regime, one can see that a photon with a frequency at the midpoint of two absorption resonances, $\delta = 0$, will have a significantly reduced group velocity while simultaneously experiencing a maximum in transmission (Fig.~\ref{Fig:87Rb}(a) and (c)). It is also clear that if $ N$ in equation \ref{Eqn:Strength} is increased, the group velocity will be reduced. To tune the photon delay, we heat the vapour cell, thereby increasing $N$.

\begin{figure}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{87Rb}
	\caption{\textbf{Absorption, refractive index and group velocity within a warm $^{87}$Rb vapour} (a) Absorption profile of the $^{87}$Rb $D_2$ line using 780 nm obtained via QFC from 493 nm laser light with the cell at room temperature. The pump laser's mode-hop free tuning range limits the frequency tuning range. The refractive index, (b), and group velocity, (c), in the vicinity of the two absorption peaks as a function of detuning from peak transmission, $\delta$, at 373 K (blue) and 423 K (red).}
	\label{Fig:87Rb}
\end{figure}

In this work, the source of single photons is a $^{138}$Ba$^{+}$ ion, trapped by segmented blades housed in an ultra-high vacuum chamber (Fig.~\ref{Fig:setup}(a)). To produce single 493 nm photons, the ion is first prepared in the long-lived D$_{3/2}$ level using 493 nm light incident on the ion for $\approx$ 1 $\mu s$. The ion is then excited into the P$_{1/2}$ level using 650 nm light pulsed on for $\approx$ 20 ns using a TTL controlled acousto-optic modulator (AOM) (IntraAction: ATM 80-A1 \cite{disclaimer}). This sequence, interspersed with Doppler cooling with both 493 nm and 650 nm light, is repeated at a rate of $\approx$ 385 kHz [See Methods]. All the optical beams used to interrogate the ion consist of all polarisations. Dead-time is inserted between preparation into the D$_{3/2}$ level and the photon extraction pulses, to ensure that Doppler cooling and state preparation light is not collected in the window of single photon production. This scheme ensures only one 493 nm photon is emitted in the measurement window, as once this color photon is emitted, the ion remains in the ground state with no excitation field present.

The emitted photons are collected using a $\approx$ 0.4 NA lens and sent into a single-mode fibre with a coupling efficiency of $\approx$ 35 $\%$. The fibre-coupled 493 nm photons are then sent to the QFC set-up (Fig.~\ref{Fig:setup}(b)). In the QFC set-up, the ion's photons, frequency $\omega_{ion}$, are combined with a pump laser, frequency $\omega_{pump}$, near 1343 nm and are both free-space coupled into a PPLN waveguide where difference frequency generation (DFG \cite{kumar1990}) occurs due to a $\chi^{(2)}$ non-linearity. This results in photons produced at $\omega_{0}$ (780 nm) $= \omega_{ion} - \omega_{pump} $ \cite{Siverns:17,kumar1990}. By appropriate frequency tuning of the pump laser, we can produce produce 780 nm photons \cite{Siverns2018} with a frequency that is between the two optical absorption resonances of the $^{87}$Rb $D_2$ line, $\omega_0$, (Fig.~\ref{Fig:87Rb}(a)), for implementing slow light.

After the conversion process, the 780 nm photons are passed through a series of optical interference filters to remove pump light and unconverted 493 nm photons (two each of Semrock: LL01-780-25 and FF01-1326/SP-25 \cite{disclaimer}) and with these filters in place, no detectable pump or 493 nm photon counts above the APD dark noise were measured at the pump powers used in this work. Additionally, a Bragg grating with a spectral bandwidth of 0.15 nm and $\approx$ 90$\%$ efficiency was used to filter anti-Stokes noise created by the high intensity pump light \cite{Siverns2018}. With this multi-stage filtering approach it is possible to achieve an end-to-end conversion efficiency of $\approx$ 17$\%$ with a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of $\approx$ 9.8. Once filtered, the photons are sent through a 75 mm long heated glass cell filled with enriched $^{87}$Rb (Triad Technology: TT-RB87-25X-75-P-CAL2O3 \cite{disclaimer}) and then detected on an avalanche photo-detector (APD) (Perkin Elmer: SPCM-AQR-15 \cite{disclaimer}). The inside of the cell is coated with aluminium oxide to reduce rubidium diffusion onto the glass when the cell is at elevated temperatures. Passing photons through the rubidium cell at room temperature causes absorption and scattering of some of the photons and decreases the SNR to $\approx$ 6. The arrival time of the photons at the APD with respect to a 650 nm excitation AOM TTL pulse (Fig.~\ref{Fig:setup}(a)) are measured using a time-correlated single photon counter (TCSPC) with a resolution of 512 ps (PicoQuant: PicoHarp 300 \cite{disclaimer}). Fig.~\ref{Fig:setup}(d) shows the area normalised temporal shape of photons emitted directly from the Ba$^+$ ion at 493 nm and separately after undergoing frequency conversion to a frequency half-way between the two $D_2$ absorption resonances after passing through the $^{87}$Rb vapour cell at room temperature. The arrival time histograms of these two photons clearly shows the preservation of the temporal shape even after QFC and traversal of the cell at room temperature.

By increasing the temperature of the vapour cell the density of rubidium atoms, $N$, may be increased, leading to a larger change of refractive index and a lower group velocity, as described by equation \ref{Eqn:Index} and \ref{Eqn:GroupVelocity} and shown in Fig.~\ref{Eqn:Index}(b) and (c), respectively. The cell was heated to temperatures ranging from 296 K (room temperature) to 395 K to demonstrate tunable single photon delays of up to 13.5 $\pm$ 0.5 ns (Fig.~\ref{Fig:slowPhotons}). Due to an increase in absorption as the temperature and atomic density of the vapour cell increases, the SNR at the APD decreases from $\approx$ 6 at 296 K to $\approx$ 1 at 395 K. Although there is a lower SNR value for the higher temperature settings, the photon delays are clearly visible and the pulse retains its initial temporal profile.  In Fig.~\ref{Fig:delay}, we plot the photon delay as a function of cell temperature and observe good agreement with the theory curve derived from equation \ref{Eqn:GroupVelocity} where a scaling done is to match the atomic number density, $N$. Both the photons emitted by the Ba$^+$ ion (linewidth $\approx 2\pi\times 15$ MHz) and the drift of the pump laser ($\approx$ 10 MHz) are significantly narrower than the splitting between the $^{87}$Rb $D_2$ absorption peaks ($\approx 6.8$ GHz). This means that all of the converted photons sent through the cell will experience the same delay, resulting in negligible fractional broadening of the photons temporal width irrespective of the cell temperature. The inset of Fig.~\ref{Fig:delay} shows the temporal shape of a single photon passed through the vapour cell at room temperature (green circles) and at 395 K (red circles). This is in contrast to other quantum memories with larger linewidths such as quantum dots, whose photons experience a temporal dispersion and only part of the emitted photons are delayed \cite{akopian2011}. Although the delay is only $\approx$ 0.5 times the temporal width of the photons produced by the Ba$^+$ ion in this experiment, additional delays \cite{Camacho07,kocharovskaya2001} and improved transmission are possible by increasing the non-linear refractive index in the vapour by extending this work using methods such as EIT \cite{katz2018}.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{SlowPhotons2}
	\caption{\textbf{Area normalised histogram data of photon temporal shapes at the APD} Temporal shapes of frequency converted photons which have passed through a warm $^{87}$Rb  vapour cell. The $^{87}$Rb  vapour cell temperature is set at the value indicated near each trace.}
	\label{Fig:slowPhotons}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[htbp]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{DelayvT}
   	\caption{\textbf{Photon delay as a function of cell temperature} Delay of the frequency converted Ba$^{+}$  ion photons after passing through a $^{87}$Rb  vapour cell as a function of the cell's temperature. The dashed theory curve is a scaled version of equation \ref{Eqn:GroupVelocity} to account for $N$. The temperature and delay error bars are due to temperature fluctuations over the course of the experiment and the bin width of the histogram photon arrival time data respectively. \textbf{Inset:} Overlap of temporal shapes of photons transmitted through a 296 K room temperature cell (green circles) and a 395 K cell (red circles). The relative delay between the two traces has been removed to allow for comparison.}
	\label{Fig:delay}
\end{figure}

In summary, we have demonstrated the first interaction of photons emitted from a trapped ion with a neutral atom system by slowing frequency converted ion photons in a warm rubidium vapour cell. Tunable delays of up to 13.5 $\pm$ 0.5 ns were observed with negligible temporal dispersion of the photons, making this system ideal for use as a device for synchronization of remote quantum nodes in a hybrid quantum network. This approach offers a path towards photonic quantum gates between remotely situated ions and neutral atoms, especially given that these two systems can emit photons of comparable temporal profile. Also, this work paves the way for future quantum-state transfer between ions and neutral atoms, experiments such as ion-neutral atom photonic entanglement distribution and photonic storage of flying qubits emitted from trapped ions using existing highly developed neutral atom technologies.
\section*{Acknowledgements}
We would like to thank Alexander Craddock, Dalia Ornelas and Steve Rolston for the use of their Bragg grating and advice in integrating it into our experiment.
\section*{Author Contributions}
J.D.S., J.H. and Q.Q. all contributed to the design, construction, data collection and analysis of the experiment. All authors contributed to the writing of the manuscript.
\bibliographystyle{unsrt}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Q: My GitHub repositories are not known by Google I created my repository with GitHub.
When I try to google it, its not listing in the search.
https://github.com/Subathra19/An-innovative-packet-labelling-scheme-TCP-PLATO-for-Data-Center-Networks
Thanks in advance

A: If this page was created newly, it might not show up in the google search result immediately because google has not indexed the page yet.
Apart from this, there are multiple other factors which might be the reason your page is not showing up in the google.
Read here for more details: GitHub repository not listing in Google search

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text:
Movie Review, Uncategorized
Movie Review: Welcome to Me
May 8, 2015 October 2, 2020 Lauren Bradshaw
Few movies have made me feel more guilty for laughing than the ultra dark comedy WELCOME TO ME, starring Kristen Wiig and directed by Shira Piven. Let me say off the bat, this film is about a woman named Alice Klieg who suffers from mental illness, specifically borderline personality disorder. Mental illness is the #1 issue that I am most sensitive to in movies and in real life. So it's especially jarring for me that I was as amused by this film as much I was. I think a lot of that is because WELCOME TO ME expertly treads the narrow line between making fun of the lead character's illness and showing the sometimes humorous effects from it.
In fact, many of the biggest laughs of the film for me came in Wiig's throwaway lines such as, "I almost burnt my tits off," and "I've been using masturbation as a sedative since 1991." Yes, maybe her illness made these words flow more freely, but I can see Melissa McCarthy saying something like in BRIDESMAIDS, so it didn't feel as exploitative. The main scenes dealing with the dark sides of her illness were no laughing matter and weren't intended to be, such as when she walks through a casino completely naked or has long bouts of sobbing. These scenes helped ground the otherwise outrageous film in reality, showcasing that beyond the fun (and funny) talk show element, our lead character has a serious illness.
Much like myself, Alice (Kristen Wiig) is obsessed with Oprah Winfrey. She has tons of OPRAH episodes recorded on VHS tapes, and has memorized Oprah's monologues and delivery style. So when she wins $86 million in the lottery, Alice uses her money to create her own Oprah-esque TV show on a local TV station. But unlike OPRAH, which had celebrity guests, heartwarming stories, and BRAND NEW CARS, Alice's TV show focuses on… Alice. Her two hours of weekly airtime are spent talking about herself and reenacting traumatic moments of her life, painting those who she feels wronged her in a negative light. In one particular vignette, entitled "Someone Has Been Tampering With My Makeup Bag", Alice recalls a moment from her childhood, when someone at sleepaway camp – you guessed it – tampered with her makeup bag. A seemingly innocuous moment for viewers was a disturbing moment in Alice's life, reinforcing her distrust of the world around her. Soon, Alice's world starts falling down around her as relationships (both professionally and personally) start to crumble and her failure to take her medicine leads to increasingly erratic behavior.
A fantastic cast of actors round out the film, with Joan Cusack and James Marsden playing employees at the station, who use Alice's money to bankroll the floundering station. Tim Robbins plays her exasperated psychiatrist, who is (rightly) concerned that Alice's refusal to take her medication, along with her monetary and professional windfall, is going to create a dangerous situation for herself and those around her. And finally, the always delightful Linda Cardellini plays Alice's childhood best friend, who tries to be a good friend, but is going through her own pain too.
Instead of seeing the painfully unfunny HOT PURSUIT this weekend, I would recommend you support the smart dramedy WELCOME TO ME. Kristen Wiig, whose continued brave choices have showcased a dramatic, yet funny(ish) streak, has again given a fantastic performance. And although you may spend a lot of time wondering whether your cringe-laughing makes you an asshole, isn't that the point of movies? To make you feel something? This movie will be making me feel and think for awhile after seeing it, and will (I'm sure) spark some lively debate with friends whenever they watch too.
My Review: B
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text:
Q: Describe the set of all good numbers A natural number $k$ is considered good, if for each $n$ the number $1^k+2^k+\cdots+n^k$ is divisible by $1+2 +\cdots+n$. Describe the set of all good numbers (with proof).

A: We know, $1+2+\cdots+(n-1)+n=\frac{n(n+1)}2$
As Thomas has pointed out  $3\not\mid(1+2^k)$ for even $k,$ so $k$ can not be even.
Now, $r^k+(n-r)^k\equiv r^k\{1+(-1)^k\} \pmod n$
So,  $r^k+(n-r)^k\equiv r^k(1-1)\equiv0\pmod n$ for all $r\in[0,n]$ if $k$ is odd
So, $n\mid\{r^k+(n-r)^k\}$ if and only if $k$ is odd
Putting $r=0,1,\cdots,n$ and summing them  we get $n\mid 2\sum_{1\le r\le n}r^k$
Again, $r^k+(n+1-r)^k\equiv r^k\{1+(-1)^k\} \pmod {n+1}$
So, $(n+1)\mid\{r^k+(n-r)^k\}$ if and only if $k$ is odd
Putting $r=0,1,\cdots,n+1$ and summing them  we get $(n+1)\mid 2\sum_{1\le r\le n+1}r^k\implies (n+1)\mid 2\sum_{1\le r\le n}r^k $
So, $lcm(n,n+1)\mid 2\sum_{1\le r\le n}r^k $ if and only if $k$ is odd
$\implies \frac{n(n+1)}2\mid \sum_{1\le r\le n}r^k $ if and only if $k$ is odd as gcd$(n,n+1)=$gcd$(n,1)=1\implies $lcm$(n,n+1)=n(n+1)$


Jay Spiwak is from Beacon Falls, Connecticut and is a student at the University of Connecticut studying Communication Design. He plans to graduate in 2011.
hiking, hunting/fishing, and ultimately anything that has him outdoors.
Jay is a boisterous blissful busy bearded boy.


He was the President of the European Council for High Ability (2000-2004), a member of the National Advisory Board of the Center for Talented Youth at Johns Hopkins University (2003-2011) as well as the founder and director of the Center for Talented Youth CTY Spain, a Johns Hopkins University Center for Talented Youth International Charter Member.
He has published over 130 research papers in Spanish and English journals. He is the author and co-author of several books, some of them dedicated to the issue of high ability and talent development and the evaluation of educational systems. Javier Taurón's CV is available at the webpage of Universidad de Navarra. You can access selected publications from the Digital Academic Repository of the University of Navarra and you can follow him through the social networks like Facebook or YouTube.


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If you have never accessed or purchased tickets online, please call a representative at 901-721-6000 for assistance in recovering your account.


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Breaking down the Super Bowl's impact on sports betting in Atlantic City
BY Rhonda Schaffler, Correspondent | January 31, 2019, 5PM EST
719617196171961The Super Bowl's impact on sports betting in Atlantic CityNicholas Amato says that New Jersey handle for this year's Super Bowl will be bigger than Nevada's. He also talks about creating bigger and better opportunities to keep New Jersey competitive as other states legalize sports betting.2019-01-31 03:38 pmdisabled30226439682nKaXLzqDhotrue
NJTV News Business Correspondent Rhonda Schaffler spoke with Nicholas Amato, an attorney at Genova Burns in Newark. Amato was the former executive director of the New Jersey Casino Reinvestment Development Authority and a past president of the Casino Association of New Jersey. He spoke about the impact the Super Bowl will have on legalized sports betting in New Jersey.
Schaffler: This is really going to be the Super Bowl of sports betting — legal sports betting — here in New Jersey. How's the state going to do?
Amato: Terrific, we're going to be beat Nevada.
Schaffler: Beat Nevada?
Amato: Last year Nevada did about $158 million. I think New Jersey could do $200 million.
Schaffler: Why?
Amato: That's called a handle. That's not the total win.
Schaffler: Right, so, why do you think New Jersey stands a chance to win?
Amato: Well I think New Jersey has so many sports enthusiasts. You have all the team — baseball, football. This is the biggest event in football history, the Super Bowl. Everybody wants to play in the Super Bowl. And now we have internet gaming, we have mobile gaming, so it makes it very convenient. You can do it from your house, all right. And there are so many of what they call proposition bets, or novelty bets. You can bet on how long the national anthem is going to take, whether or not a player is going to take a knee, you can bet how many times Tom Brady may or may not get sacked, how many times he's going to get hit. They're called novelty or proposition bets.
Schaffler: This certainly explains the rush to get all of these sports books up in time for the weekend. Casinos know it's a moneymaker.
Amato: Sure, and the racetracks. You have Monmouth and Meadowlands. It's going to be very, very exciting for the people of New Jersey, and for Atlantic City, and for Monmouth and for the Meadowlands.
Schaffler: What do you think sports gambling is going to do beyond Super Bowl weekend for New Jersey's economy, for places like Atlantic City, which, in the past, we've tried to see a resurgence there?
Amato: It's going to be a rocket.
Schaffler: A rocket. You're so enthusiastic about it.
Amato: Yeah. It's going to be a rocket. I mean, first we had the internet, and that brought back Atlantic City from where it was, like a revitalization. Look at the advertisement of the Golden Nugget, how well it did with internet gaming. Now you have sports betting, OK? Sports betting is probably extremely exciting because of all the teams — don't forget, you have the New Jersey market, New York, Philadelphia, Connecticut. Right now, all the teams that comprise that. It's amazing.
Schaffler: But what about the fact that there is going to be an increase in competition? Other states are getting in the sports betting game. So we have this early advantage, if you will, but how do we stay competitive against the other states?
Amato: By giving a better product. You're going to have — right now, there's eight states that have sports wagering, OK. Eventually, probably, New York is going to have it. They're going to have it now in their upstate casinos, but they don't have it really anywhere close by. Meadowlands right now has almost a monopoly. The point is that you've got to keep offering a better and better product, make people interested in what you have to offer, make it exciting and I think that Jersey is going to lead the way.
Schaffler: You have a lot of experience in the past, in terms of the ins and outs of casinos in Atlantic City. What are they going to do right this time?
Amato: Well, right now, you know, some of it was their fault, some of it wasn't — the recession, Pennsylvania coming, they're estimating Pennsylvania. Right now the city government is back on track. They got the tax structure going, they have to get the government back on track. Once you have a solid foundation, you have tremendous executives running the casinos and they're name is to make money for themselves and for Atlantic City because a better Atlantic City makes a better casino.
Schaffler: And how confident are you that the regulators will stay on top of this burgeoning sports betting business. There have been some fines levied. There's been some underage gambling. Do you think we're going to be able to stay on top of the growing industry?
Amato: We've stayed on top. That's never been a real issue. We have probably one of the greatest regulatory systems in the country — the New Jersey Division of Gaming Enforcement by Director Rebuck. It's terrific, and they have a geotechnical location system. I don't know if you know about it, but, for example, if someone is trying to bet from Pennsylvania in New Jersey, they're not allowed in. They can see them on this giant screen and they're kept out.
Rhonda Schaffler
Rhonda Schaffler is NJTV's business correspondent, providing a daily report on New Jersey's top business and financial stories. Prior to working at NJTV, she worked as a journalist for Reuters, where she traveled extensively to cover financial stories including to Nigeria, Ghana and Chile. Along the way, she interviewed numerous government officials and CEOs. She also worked at CNN as a business anchor and reporter for several programs, covering the stock market and economy. Read Full Bio
Follow @SchafflerNJTV
TOPICS: BUSINESS & ECONOMY, SPORTS
TAGS: NICHOLAS AMATO NICK AMATO SPORTS BETTING SPORTS GAMING SUPER BOWL SUPERBOWL


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Cyber & Technology
Going the Extra Mile: What It Takes to Be a Responsible Cyber Power
By Max Smeets
Wednesday, May 11, 2022, 8:01 AM
The Palace of Westminster, which houses the Parliament of the United Kingdom. (Jorge Láscar,https://flic.kr/p/PZYa9t; CC BY-SA 2.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/)
In 2021, the U.K. government declared in its Integrated Review of Security, Defence, Development and Foreign Policy its intention to become a "responsible democratic cyber power." What exactly the U.K. envisages is unclear. But, at a minimum, the U.K. likely seeks to operate strategically, clearly connecting its cyber "means" to political "ends"; act in accordance with international law, most principally by minimizing collateral damage; and carefully coordinate its military endeavors with its intelligence activities. It wants to be more active but, equally, distinguish itself from other active powers in cyberspace—like Russia and North Korea—that are behaving less responsibly.
While this aspiration may seem uncontroversial and obvious, it is not without cost. Being a responsible power means the U.K. will have to go the extra mile in terms of how it targets computer systems or networks, minimizes collateral damage, and tests its capabilities. The result is a longer, costlier and potentially frustrated process, which could ultimately reduce effectiveness and performance.
The Targeting Process
Acting responsibly in cyberspace begins at the targeting stage of a cyber operation. Two types of targeting processes can generally be distinguished. The first is tool centric and generally follows this pattern: "I have this capability. Against whom can I use it, and what can I use it for?" This often leads to opportunistic activity. A responsible cyber power would more often limit itself to the second type of targeting process, a target-centric mission: "I would like to target this entity. How can I do it?"
The planning of these target-centric operations is more difficult. Once the target is identified, states can rely only in part on the cyber capabilities they have on the shelf to choose from. As James McGhee, the legal adviser for U.S. Special Operations Command North, described: "[O]perational use requires much more than simply loading [cyber capabilities] and sending them on their way. Our operators must first know and understand the target network, node, router, server, and switch before using any cyber capability against them." As a result, "[i]t is generally impractical to use offensive cyber operations because, contrary to the speed at which they are carried out, planning these operations generally takes more time than planning conventional, kinetic operations."
The preparatory process of a target-centric operation can be not only tedious but often also futile. As former National Security Agency and CIA Director Michael Hayden reflects in his memoir, "To attack a target, you first have to penetrate it. Access bought with months, if not years of effort can be lost with a casual upgrade of the target system, not even one designed to improve defenses, but merely an administrative upgrade from something 2.0 to something 3.0."
Confounding these difficulties, a responsible cyber power would also need to put a review process in place involving stakeholders from the government, military and intelligence organizations, to make sure all parties have an opportunity to raise any concerns with a proposed operation before execution, including negative operational spillovers. This process of alignment can be a drawn-out process, by which point the window of opportunity may have passed.
Minimizing Undesired Collateral Damage
A responsible cyber power would minimize undesired collateral damage when targeting a computer system or network. There are two types of first-order collateral effects. The first form of direct collateral damage happens when computer systems and networks are unintentionally infected. This most commonly happens with self-replicating malware, such as the Morris worm (the world's oldest internet worm). The second form of direct collateral damage happens when a payload is unintentionally executed on computer systems and networks, which can for example lead to unexpected data exposure or data modification.
Minimizing the first type of collateral damage can be complicated given that systems and networks are often connected in complex ways. Preventing unintentional payload execution, the second form, can also be challenging as it requires intimate knowledge of the known target configuration.
This means that the attacker has to put controls in place to limit propagation and restrict behavior, such as making sure the malware triggers are based only on known target configurations (often obtained through detailed reconnaissance).
Testing, Testing and Testing
Given how a responsible cyber power targets and minimizes collateral damage, a great deal of testing of exploits and malware must be carried out before use. To test how important programs could stall, a computer may crash, or an exploit may fail to work, a state will need to set up testing infrastructure to emulate targeted computer systems.
Indeed, this thorough testing was key to the success of the Stuxnet worm, which infected Windows machines worldwide—including systems in the United States. Yet it only led to the physical destruction of the uranium enrichment centrifuges at the Natanz facility in Iran. To avoid getting caught (especially with the first attack) and to minimize collateral damage, the cyber powers required thorough testing to see whether the bug could do what it was intended to do. The U.S. therefore had to produce its own P1s centrifuges, perfect replicas of the variant used by the Iranians at Natanz. At first, small-scale tests were conducted, using borrowed centrifuges stored at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee that were taken from Muammar Gaddafi in late 2003 when he gave up Libya's nuclear program. The tests grew in size and sophistication—obtaining parts from various small factories situated all over the world. As David Sanger reports, at some point the U.S. was "even testing the malware against mock-ups of the next generation of centrifuges the Iranians were expected to deploy, called IR-2s, as well as successor models, including some the Iranians still are struggling to construct."
Uneven Playing Field
Cyberspace is not a level playing field. An actor that does not mind acting irresponsibly in cyberspace will find it much easier to conduct cyber operations. This is in part what makes countries like Russia and North Korea particularly dangerous in the cyber domain, as WannaCry and NotPetya have shown. For countries that hold themselves to a higher standard, that do care about operating responsibly in the cyber domain, the ratio of resource input and effect output is much higher to achieve (intentionally) minor effects. The ideal of responsibility therefore entails a certain handicap—having to go the extra mile—which could thwart the other component of the U.K.'s ambition—to be a cyber power. It is this tension that makes the U.K.'s ambition so noteworthy, admirable and critical to the future of cyberspace.
Cyber Operations,
Max Smeets is a senior researcher at the Center for Security Studies (CSS) at ETH Zurich, director of the European Cyber Conflict Research Initiative, and author of "No Shortcuts: Why States Struggle to Develop a Military Cyber-Force", published with Oxford University Press and Hurst in May 2022.
@MaxWSmeets
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32 Perth Guide All events online | scoop.com.au AroundTown • Alabama Song Northbridge • Decanter Victoria Park • East Village CBD • Jack Rabbit Slim's Northbridge • Miss Kitty's Inglewood • Old Faithful Bar & BBQ CBD • Pleased to Meet You Northbridge • Porky's Northbridge • Ribs & Burgers CBD • The Brooklyn Lounge Claremont • The Merrywell Burswood • The Old Crow Northbridge • Varnish on King CBD • Varsity Burgers Northbridge • The Trustee CBD • Varnish on King CBD Ribs & Burgers. Alabama Song. Americanrevolution From sliders and ribs to authentic smoked barbecue, American chow is everywhere. Think Southern comfort, New York deli, Texan braises, Cajun cuisine and pretty much everything in between. Elastic waistbands recommended. STATE BUILDINGS Of all the gifts this heritage development has bestowed on the CBD, dining destinations would have to top the list. And they're not just any ol' restaurants – they're diverse kitchens full of world-class talent. Michelin-starred chef David Thompson brings his brand of Thai street food to town, with his first Australian venture in 14 years. Set in the basement of the Treasury building, Long Chim Perth will offer close to 100 authentic, lip-smacking dishes. If its Singapore predecessor is anything to go by, we're in for a treat. Young gun Jesse Blake has already impressed diners at Petition Kitchen, with his fresh, contemporary bistro menu showcasing stellar produce. "I 'm playing with textures and flavours to give a different view or perspective on a dish," Jesse says. "It's a very rustic style, quirky and fun – not serious at all." Menu highlights include slow-cooked Fremantle octopus with house-made kimchi, organic Blackwood Valley beef tartare, and a whole split beef shin to share. Glass-encased restaurant Wildflower overlooks the Swan River, atop luxury hotel, COMO The Treasury. Acclaimed executive chef Jed Gerrard will deliver dishes inspired by the six seasons of Indigenous culture. For informal ground-level bistro, Post, he's created a contemporary Australian menu with a French influence. Salivation central. St Georges Terrace and Barrack Street, Perth. e CBD, dining ny ol' in g n he six stro, Post, influence. erth. Wildflower. Long Chim (photography David Thompson). Jesse Blake, Petition Kitchen. Post.


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text:
Charles Darwin: A Biography, in Two Volumes -- Voyaging; The Power of Place
By: Browne, Janet
Book Condition: Near Fine
Includes both volumes (Voyaging & The Power of Place). 3rd printing. Both volumes in exceptional condition. 1996 Trade Paperback. We have more books available by this author!. xiii, 605; 591 pp. Voyaging: Few lives of great men offer so much interest--and so many mysteries--as the life of Charles Darwin, the greatest figure of nineteenth-century science, whose ideas are still inspiring discoveries and controversies more than a hundred years after his death. Yet only now, with the publication of Voyaging, the first of two volumes that will constitute the definitive biography, do we have a truly vivid and comprehensive picture of Darwin as man and as scientist. Drawing upon much new material, supported by an unmatched acquaintance with both the intellectual setting and the voluminous sources, Janet Browne has at last been able to unravel the central enigma of Darwin's career: how did this amiable young gentleman, born into a prosperous provincial English family, grow into a thinker capable of challenging the most basic principles of religion and science? The dramatic story of Voyaging takes us from agonizing personal challenges to the exhilaration of discovery; we see a young, inquisitive Darwin gradually mature, shaping, refining, and finally setting forth the ideas that would at last fall upon the world like a thunderclap in The Origin of Species.The Power of Place: In 1858, Charles Darwin was forty-nine years old, a gentleman scientist living quietly at Down House in the Kent countryside. He was not yet a focus of debate; his big book on species still lay on his desk as a manuscript. For more than twenty years he had been accumulating material for it, puzzling over the questions that it raised, trying to bring it to a satisfactory conclusion, and wanting to be certain that his startling theory of evolution was correct.It is at this point that the concluding volume of Janet Browne's magisterial biography opens. Beginning with the extraordinary events that finally forced the Origin of Species into print, we come to the years of fame and controversy. Here, Browne does dramatic justice to all aspects of the Darwinian revolution, from a fascinating examination of the Victorian publishing scene to a survey of the debates between scientists and churchmen over evolutionary theory. At the same time, she presents a wonderfully sympathetic and authoritative picture of Darwin himself.Keywords: BIOGRAPHY
Title: Charles Darwin: A Biography, in Two Volumes -- Voyaging; The Power of Place
Author: Browne, Janet
Categories: Biography, Biology, Literary & Intellectual,
Edition: 3rd Printing
Publisher: Princeton University Press: 1996
Charles Darwin: Voyaging
Charles Dickens: His Tragedy and Triumph -- A Biography, in Two Volumes
By: Johnson, Edgar
The Intimate Papers of Colonel House, Arranged as a Narrative, in Four Volumes
By: House, Edward Mandell; Seymour, Charles
The Trees of Northeastern America [with] The Shrubs of Northeastern America: Two Volumes in One [North-eastern]
By: Newhall, Charles S.; Britton, Nath. L.
The March of Democracy, in Two Volumes: The Rise of the Union; From Civil War to World Power
By: Adams, James Truslow
The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit and American Notes (2-Volume Set)
By: Dickens, Charles