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Best Low Profile Car Ramps for Sale Reviews
If you want to work on your car underneath, there is a need for the right tool. The steel floors and carjacks may not be the right tools to go by because they are not efficient when lifting heavy vehicles. This is where the car ramps come in, which help raise the car off the ground to make the maintenance tasks of changing oil easier. For example, they have a gradual incline that offers a smooth lift and small holes to make dirt and dust fall off. There is a large area with a firm grip, which prevents you from slipping when the vehicle is moving forward or backward.
The heavy-duty material makes it easy to handle SUVs, pick-up trucks, and vans. Besides, these car ramps have the rubber stripping located at the bottom that keeps them firmly in place as you drive the car. When buying these ramps, you need to be careful because of the many models in the market.
Table of the Best Car Ramps Reviews
10. RhinoGear 11909ABMI 12000-lb RhinoRamps Vehicle Ramp Set
RhinoGear has come up with this model, perfect for cars, sport utility vehicles, vans, and pick-ups. To explain, it comes with CoreTRAC non-skid base, which helps to reduce slippage. In the first place, it has a 17-degree incline that provides easy use for low clearance vehicles.
Besides, there is the polymer internal patented support system and a wide stance, which offer unbeatable strength and excellent weight distribution. In the same fashion, it has a dimension of 14 x 12 x 37 inches and weighs 21.5 pounds. What is more, it comes with the sturdy and durable RhinoRamps that allow for convenient and reliable access to the vehicle's underside.
READ Best Tire Changer Machines for Sale Reviews
9. Discount Ramps Low Profile Plastic Car Service Ramps
You can now access the underside of the low profile vehicle easily with this product from Powersports. As an illustration, it comes with a 9.05° loading angle, which ensures the easy incline with the low clearance vehicles. Thanks to the hollow honeycomb channels that prevent moisture from assembling in one place.
Moreover, there is the tire stop, which ensures the vehicle is well positioned on a ramp. On the other hand, it has a durable plastic construction that stands up to grease, oil, and solvents. Even more, it has a dimension of 27.5 x 7.75 x 3 inches and weighs 9 pounds.
8. BISupply Vehicle Service Ramp Set – Car Lift Heavy Duty Truck Ramps
This product from BISupply has a fantastic feature that makes it work on the vehicle's underside easily and comfortably. Notably, there is a 4,000-pound weight capacity in every tire ramp that allows you to change the oil, drive belt, transmission fluid, or other parts safely. More importantly, it has a larger surface area and ease of use, making it easy to keep the vehicle level.
Similarly, this model has the traction and raised side design to guide the vehicle to about RV ramps and keep a tire in place. In the same way, it has a dimension of 12 x 10 x 46 inches and weighs 9.22 pounds. Above all, there is the textured surface and gradual incline that provide superior traction to the drive on.
7. Trailer-Aid Tandem Tire Changing Car Ramp Lift
The Trailer-Aid model has fantastic features that make it easy to change a flat tire easily when you are alone. It comes with the rear slot and front holes, which allow for easy access and handling. Equally important, it has a super-strong polymer, which is lightweight, waterproof, and rustproof.
Furthermore, there are clean edges that prevent the hands from hurt or prevent the clothing from snagging. In the same case, it has a dimension of 24.7 x 7.5 x 6.3 inches and weighs 5.94 pounds. Thanks to a 4-1/2-inch lift, which gives you the clearance you require to get your job done.
READ Best Folding Hard Pickup Truck Bed Covers Reviews
6. BISupply Heavy Duty Steel Car Ramps for Vehicle Maintenance
If you want to distribute your vehicle's weight evenly, then go for this product from BISupply because it had the changing belts and oil. For one thing, it has a 10,000-pound weight capacity in every tire ramp, which allows you to change the oil, drive belt, and transmission fluid safely. In a like manner, it comes with the traction dot design, which helps you guide the vehicle up easily.
Subsequently, there is an impressive lift height that ensures a reliable lift while offering convenient access to your vehicle's underside for routine maintenance. Comparatively, it has a thick and durable plastic material, which offers maximum durability and strength. Also, it comes with non-skid pads located on the base that prevents the auto repair ramp from sliding across the garage floor.
5. Zone Tech Automotive Leveling Ramps for Trucks
The ZoneTech model help to ensure the RV, caravan, or any motor home is leveled out also on the slope surfaces. To demonstrate, it has a lightweight design and a maximum weight capacity of 11,000lb per axle. In all honesty, it comes with a dimension of 8 x 22 x 5 inches and weighs 6.49 pounds.
More so, there is an anti-slip surface and rigid grips that secure and ensure the automotive remains in place. Thanks to a three-stage design, which allows you to raise and adjust your vehicle to the desired height. What is more, it comes with a high-quality, tough polypropylene plastic that offers superior durability and strength.
4. Tomioka Racing Super Slopes – Plastic Car Ramps
The space-saving design of this model from Tomioka Racing makes it unique because it offers efficient storage. To clarify, it comes with a non-skid base, which helps to reduce slippage. On the other hand, it has a dimension of 27 x 3 x 8 inches and weighs 9.28 pounds.
Likewise, there is an improved tread pattern that makes this car ramp the best in the market. In the same fashion, it is portable, which makes it fit cars, sport utility vehicles, vans, and pick-ups. Also, it has a wide stance that unbeatably strength and excellent weight distribution.
READ Best Portable Heavy Duty Car Jack Stands Reviews
3. Trailer-Aid Tandem Tire Changing Ramp for Car
The changing of the tire is now easy with this product from Trailer-Aid, where you can do it by yourself. Notably, it comes with a super-strong polymer material that is waterproof and rustproof. Alternatively, it has a dimension of 7.13 x 6.13 x 24.94 inches and weighs 5.96 pounds.
Additionally, there is the rear slot and front holes that allow for easy access and handling. On the other hand, it is lightweight, making it easy to carry it with just a finger. It comes with clean edges that make protect the hands from being hurt and prevent the clothing from snagging.
2. Black Widow PSR295 Plastic Car Service Ramps
Black Widow has come up with this product with outstanding features like the grid design that allows snow, dirt, and water to filter through. Namely, it is lightweight, which offers easy storage and placement. More importantly, it has a dimension of 35.5″ L x 12″ W x 8.5″H and a maximum weight capacity of 16,000 lbs.
Similarly, there is an impressive 6.25-inch lift height, which provides the stable and safe lift you require for servicing vans, cars, and trucks. Thanks to the high-impact plastic that is durable, rust-resistant, hence ensuring longevity. What is more, it has rubber padding located at the bottom, which prevents it from slipping on the concrete shop floors.
1. Titan Low Profile Aluminum Car Ramps
This model from Titan Distributor Inc. is outstanding because it is designed for low clearance trucks and cars. As an illustration, it has an aluminum design, which protects it from corrosion and rust. Some reinforcements offer structural support and stability, allowing you to load your car or truck very quickly.
Moreover, there is the backstop and raised side rails, which prevent your car or truck from rolling off. In the same case, it has the 11-1/2 degree incline that makes it ideal for the low riding vehicles and trucks with lowered suspension and body kits. Above all, it is lightweight, which makes it easy to carry to any place you want.
Car ramps are essential tools you must have if you own a car or garage. They provide enough clearance for belt changes, oil changes, and other tasks of maintaining the vehicle. Typically, go for the above products because they have outstanding features. For instance, they are more convenient and safer than other tools, which can do the same job. Likewise, there is a safety wedge that protects and prevents the car from rolling backward or forward.
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Concerto F-Dur (2 Corno da caccia in F/2 FlgHr in B) Editor's note: for hornists, works for corno da caccia are extremely difficult because of their especially high tessitura. Even by adopting the compromise of playing the parts with a modern piston valve corno da caccia, which is to the old corno da caccia what the modern piccolo trumpet is to the baroque natural trumpet. On the other hand, the range of the flugelhorn or of the Bb trumpet corresponds perfectly to these parts which are then easily playable without altering their character. These superb baroque works - originally for brass instruments - so long neglected for the reasons given above, are thus now accessible to countless musicians.


Tell me, fellow kids: have any of you ever practised kinhin walking meditation? There are probably more poetic breakdowns but basically, it's about moving very slowly, half-step to half-step, in time with your breath, while trying not to fall over. It's a pleasant way to clear your head after, oh, I don't know, a couple of hours spent banging out some hasty pre-review impressions of a forthcoming video game. And at the risk of causing your eyes to roll permanently backward into your skull, it reminds me strongly of Dark Souls.
Kinhin magnifies your sense of space, you see, turning rooms into valleys, tables into distant plateaus, and that's a Dark Souls mood to the marrow. You don't hurry through the game, not unless you've played it so often that avoiding, say a bridge-length deluge of fire is a question of muscle memory. Rather, you inch boldly forth, shield held before you like a crucifix, shoulders clenched, bladder squeaking. You are a lone pawn on the chessboard, facing an endless quantity of queens, rooks and bishops. It's a recipe for caution, to put it mildly, and one consequence is that the world of Dark Souls, an in-itself massive environment, feels absolutely ginormous. Six feet in Lordran are worth six hundred in any other game, simply by virtue of the concentration you're asked to apply to every, potentially fatal centimetre.
Among the many surprises of Sekiro: Shadows Die Twice is that you don't have to linger quite as much on every footfall. Yes, the game's desolate Sengoku-era Japan is absolutely jumping with dreadful people and creatures, many of them lurking in blindspots, and many of them endowed with abilities (e.g. horribly drawn-out back-break attacks) that will slay you instantly. But you are much better able to get around them, or rather over them, thanks to protagonist Sekiro's upgradeable prosthetic arm. Among its basic functions is a grappling hook, which yanks you towards pre-specified points like a shabby, grimdark Spider-Man. Tap it again mid-air and you can latch onto another point without touching down - chaining your leaps into a swooping, aerial tour of some beautiful terracotta rooftops and bamboo-furnished cliffs, leaving unpleasant entities like ogres to choke on the dust from your coat-tails.
It transforms how you think about the Dark Souls DNA that snakes through Sekiro's notionally historical setting. Yes, there are still campfire-type things - Sculptor's Idols - that serve as fast travel points, but you might actually do without them, because it's such uncomplicated fun to flip and zip across the landscape. Yes, there are bosses, and sometimes you'll need to defeat them to unseal a misty portal to the next area, but a lot of the time, I've been able to slip quietly past, saving the encounter for another day. You are no longer a pawn on the chessboard. You're a knight, leaping over other pieces, sizing up gaps in the line. True, it makes the world of Sekiro feel a bit less imposing than Lordran, but the sheer delight of the grapple in motion - the twisting of Sekiro's torso as he throws out another line, the billow of dislodged snow when you land on a branch - is ample compensation.
The critical background here is that Sekiro is as much a spiritual successor to Tenchu, From's once-proud ninja series, as it is a continuation of the Soulsborne format. You see that most obviously in the emphasis on stealth and assassinations, with Sekiro able to press himself against walls to lower his profile, and one-hit basic foes by catching them from behind or above. Enemies have awareness indicators, and the opening areas brim with neck-high vegetation and crawlspaces that render you all but undetectable. Man, to have been able to lurk in the shrubbery during my initial run against Ornstein and Smough!
This is far from a pure assassination game, though - firstly, because certain aspects of the stealth feel half-hearted, with distraction items that never seem to work for me, but mainly because stealth attacks do not always kill outright. Larger samurai and monsters take several "deathblows" to defeat, as indicated by the dots alongside their health bar, and to perform these, you'll need to master the game's exacting Posture system. Landing blows slowly fills up a bar that, once full, staggers the target and allows you to perform a meaty finisher.
Sometimes, just hammering the attack button is enough, but cannier opponents will punish you for doing this, and in any case, parrying an incoming strike fills up the bar a lot faster. It's an intriguing evolution of stamina from Souls and Bloodborne, and while you can dodge and counter like any good Chosen Undead, it pushes the emphasis toward rapid exchanges - attack, block, attack, attack, parry, deathblow. Or as the case often is with me, attack, attack, get parried, take a katana to the kidney, flee to a gable's end to douse myself in healing oils. Should your swordsmanship be less than scientific, a devious resurrection system allows you to return from death after your foe has turned away. There are narrative consequences for dying excessively I won't spoil, but it makes an agreeable cushion for the combat's predictably steep learning curve.
There are, so far, no primary weapons besides Sekiro's trusty katana, but upgrades to your ninja prosthetic together with unlockable special moves allow for more creative strategies and no shortage of flair. At the time of writing I can switch between a shuriken launcher, a short-ranged flame cannon (as useful for paralysing larger opponents with terror as searing their flesh) and a pop-out axe that can be used to shatter shields. I can also deflect arrows in mid-air and pinion opponents with my grapple - satisfying indeed, when a boss hurls you across a courtyard and you lasso his head and reel yourself back into the fight.
There's clearly some breadth to all the kidney-stabbing, a sentiment that also applies to the game's deceptively linear-looking environments, though Sekiro is much less dense with variables than the Souls series. There's little stat customisation here save for basic health and attack power upgrades, which will disappoint min-maxers, but I don't feel like the game is any less engrossing for it. And besides, after four From games' worth of hoarding embers and overclocking greatswords, it's nice to have a change of air. On the strength of a few hours spent backflipping across its skyline, Sekiro is a blast, and I'm looking forward to bringing you a full verdict next week.


WC Fitted with a WC and wall mounted sink, window to front, radiator.
Kitchen 3.03m (9'11") x 2.62m (8'7") Refitted with a matching range of base and eye level units with solid wood worktop space over, ceramic butler style sink, integrated fridge/freezer and dishwasher, plumbing for washing machine, built-in eye level electric fan assisted double oven, four ring hob (2 induction, 2 gas) with pull out extractor hood over, window to rear, tiled flooring.
Conservatory 5.69m (18'8") x 2.44m (8') UPVC double glazed construction with vent windows and polycarbonate roof, windows to all sides, radiator, laminate flooring, patio door to the rear garden.
Landing All doors lead off, airing cupboard.
Bedroom 1 3.76m (12'4") max x 3.42m (11'3") Window to front, radiator, laminate flooring.
Bedroom 2 3.83m (12'7") x 3.07m (10'1") Window to rear, radiator, door to laminate flooring.
Bedroom 3 2.95m (9'8") x 2.67m (8'9") Window to rear, radiator, laminate flooring.
Bathroom Fitted with a three piece suite comprising of a p-shaped bath with shower over and glass screen, inset sink in vanity unit with storage, WC, tiled surround, and tiled flooring.
OUTSIDE The property sits up from the pathway at the front behind a lawn area.
The rear garden is enclosed with good size lawn area, decked seating area and hardstanding for garden shed.
There is parking at the rear, accessed by Lindera off Woodhouse Lane. Gates cold be installed in the rear garden to provide secure off road parking.


This apartment style condo is wheelchair accessible and has its own double garage, which is a rarity in this complex. Neutral decor and ceramic tile floor greet you as you enter the condo. Renos such as updated laminate floors and triple pane windows have been done. The kitchen features white cupboards and updated counters. You have your own convenient in-suite laundy plus a storage room off the foyer with pocket and roller doors and an oversized water heater. The dining area features updated patio doors leading to the covered south facing balcony with storage room that houses the furnace. The spacious living room has a gas fireplace and 2 south windows. Both bedrooms are large. The huge 16 x 12 foot master includes a spacious 11 x 5 foot walk in closet and a full 4 piece ensuite with a wall heater for extra warmth. Lots of storage throughout including some space in a storage room just left of the elevator on the 2nd floor. A library is located on the 3rd floor. You own 1 of 2 private double garages in the apartment complex. Inclusions window coverings, your own central air & 5 appliances. Condo fees $375/mon include lawn & snow care, common area & exterior building maintenance, water & sewer, reserve fund, building insurance, garbage & recycling. Small pets allowed with board approval. Guest parking steps across from the front entrance. Close to all south end amenities - malls, university, SIAST, Conexus Arts Centre and Wascana Park. Peaceful living in a beautiful home for young & old alike.


Who knows? Maybe someday we'll be able to actualy mod the game.
OK, thanks Daxar. I'm new around here, and to the LI toy. So where do people share their new combos they've added?
And by the way, I would love to make up new combos to make the game more replayable, but I have very little coding experience. Please keep me informed where you're at to make new combos, as I'd like to share my ideas.
@Daxar Maybe we can work together on a program that would work in a similar way GooTool is working?
I kinda started, but there's still a lot of work to do.
Thanks! I've checked it out, and in my spare time I'll try to figure out how to edit the combos xml. It doesn't look too hard. So if I did edit the file, would I just share it with anyone interested, but they'd have to recompress the game using your liTools?
And BTW, thanks for your work on gooTools.
Ideally, you could create your own file called "newcombos.filelist.txt", and edit that in notepad, adding the proper path to the combos xml file, and then just recompress that with "liCompress newcombos.pak" and distribute the resulting .pak file, so other people could install it with "modmanage newcombos.pak". In theory, that should work, but it's been so long for me that I may be wrong here, and there may be issues with the modmanage program preventing this from working. But I think since it's just editing a preexisting file, not adding anything new, it should work fine.
Allrighty. I don't know enough to do any of what you said, but I am working on a new combos list just by hand editing the combodb.dat.xml file. So when I'm finished, I'll share this file, and anyone who wants can recompress the game with the new combos. I'm planning to make an entire new list, starting from 1 to 99, but not to add on from 100 (although I understood you can add more combos after 100).
You've been very helpful, and if you can point me to a downloadable combo editor (instead of hand-editing the xml file), that would be cool.
Good news. I can use the thermometer (and hypothetically any other gift from Sugar Plumps) in the combos. Makes them worth holding on to for new combos. Also, I edited the comboitemspics.png to show the thermometer icon on the combos pulldown list. However, when the combo actually happens, there is no icon for the thermometer (it shows blank), just the icon for the other item bought from the catalog. Anyone know a workaround for this?
For those of you following this, new combos coming soon! If you have ideas, message me.
I actually... haven't looked at that, so I have no idea.
I'm guessing that inside some XML file (Or some .dat file we haven't managed to decompress yet!) there's some list of item images and where in the comboitemspics.png each item appears, so it shows up properly ingame. But I'm not certain where. I'll have to look into that.
EDIT: Ok, so apparently the image rectangles are in the combodb.dat.xml file as well, in the texpos and texsize fields. The texpos field is the upper left corner of the place in the comboitempics.png image where the item image starts, and the size is always 64x64 pixels. If you need the icons for other items, each one is in data/items/[itemname]/coloritemicon, which is a PNG image you can shrink down and add to the comboitempics.png image, and set the texpos and texsize fields for this item accordingly. I'm assuming you figured all this out already, just reiterating just in case.
It looks to me that combodb.dat and comboitempics.png are both in resource.pak, so after making these changes you should just be able to "liCompress resource.pak" again and have these changes show up ingame.
EDIT2: Ok, you got me curious, so fullblown tutorial time.
First up was changing the name of the combo, which was simple enough. I just removed the other languages because I only know how to properly speak English (Google Translate is another alternative). It works fine English-only. I also changed the items, and set the second item's texpos to be where in the comboitempics.png image I just added the icon for the jar of fireflies. I changed the coinvalue to 40 (because free money yaay), changed the stampvalue to 3 (cause everybody loves stamps), and left the rest untouched (I think stridx was just for translation purposes, and the string ID is fine as-is). I copied the CellPhone item line from lower in the file where it was used in another combo.
The only other thing that needs explaining is the combo id. The game just stores the combos you've completed as numbers in your savefile, so just changing the combo isn't enough; people's savegames will already have them marked as complete. To fix this, I changed the combo id. What number should you use here? Well, any number that isn't already an id for another combo should work fine, so you could start numbering from 1 or something like that. The problem there is if somebody else also does the same thing; you don't want conflicting combo IDs.
spits out 2213724590. So if you start numbering from there, and I start numbering from 1111828347, the chances of conflicting combo IDs are really low!
Now why am I doing this rather than just compressing resource.pak, where both files came from? Well, resource.pak is HUGE, and takes forever to compress. By compressing a smaller file, it's very easy to distribute, very fast to compress, and making changes and testing them out ingame is super quick. Overall, it's a win-win. You can just give someone else the firephone.pak and they'll be able to run it through modManage and play it ingame. That way they won't have to worry about decompressing, merging in changes by hand, and recompressing, themselves. So everybody's happy.
This merges in the changes directly without having to decompress or recompress anything, so it's super fast. Pretty nice! You can now just run the game, and see the changes.
Wow, you explained a lot I hadn't discovered yet, especially the coloritemicon png. I had already modified the png with all the small icons to include more icons. Still have to include the One Free Hug, Bug Friend, and Delete Key. I incorporated the thermometer into a combo, but in the actual event of getting the combo, the thermometer coloritemicon is 1KB (esentially it doesn't exist). It does show up in the combos pulldown because I already added it to the small icons png. I really want to make the gifts part of combos, so I'm going to try to make a thermometer coloritemicon (others don't exist yet either). We'll see what works.
Thanks for explaining the modManage.exe to me, too. I really had no idea what it was for. I learn best with tutorials.
No worries; let me know if you have any other questions! Not much (ok, not really anything) is documented yet, but I think I probably know the most about how everything is set up just cause I've poked around with it a lot. Unless Allen comes around again, but he hasn't been here for a while.
I noticed those really small coloritemicons with non-catalog items. I guess they either didn't get around to making them, or just cut them for file size. That's also a really cool idea to use the items from Sugar Plumps to create combos; I wouldn't have thought of that. Best of luck!
Still having trouble on making the .pak file of my combos. I make the popculturecombos.pak.filelist.txt file like you explained, then ran liCompress.exe popculturecombos.pak from Run but nothing came out. Just opening liCompress doesn't do anything, because it closes as soon as it executes.
Well, you'd have to execute that from within the folder everything is in. I was assuming you were at the commandline already.
So, try this: create an empty file, name it popculturecombos.pak, and drag it into liCompress.exe . It should overwrite that file and create the .pak you want.
I'm a little rusty at the command line. I executed the program from Run, followed by popculturecombos.pak, which should work, right? The itemlist.txt file is in the same folder as the liCompress.exe. Anyway, I can imagine trying to troubleshoot is quite tedious for you, but I'll figure it out. A GUI tool would be awesome, not just for me, but for anyone else, too.
On the brighter side, although I didn't have much free time today, I will make all the missing icons (135x135 and 64x64) needed for all the items, including the mouse pad, and soon distribute the new combos in whatever form I figure out.
Here's another question to ponder, and I'll warn anyone who hasn't played the game through, that it includes a spoiler.
You receive the mouse pad for completing all 99 combos, so obviously any of those combos can't include the mouse pad. But does that mean that if combo 100 (or higher) includes the mouse pad as part of the combo, that you'll never receive it because of an inherent paradox? (you can't use something in a combo that you haven't received yet) Or do you just have to solve the combos up to 99, and whatever else after is irrelevant to receiving the mouse pad? (I solved all 99 combos, gimme my mouse pad, and let me continue after 100!) This is obviously something the original creators (probably) didn't consider, nor is a question that can be answered without testing it inplay. Anyone wanna find out?
HAH. I totally didn't realize I did this already.
You ought to be able to just create your .filelist.txt file, and click-and-drag that into liCompress.exe to have it spit out your .pak file for you. Barring that, you'll have to use the command line (Run won't work; it won't know the working directory). I'll write a step-by-step tutorial if you need it.
Also interestingly, you can only get the mousepad once per profile. After getting two out of two combos, I went back and added one to see if I could get it again. Nope, I couldn't.
Daxar, thanks for testing out the mouse pad. It sounds like it's impossible to include it in a combo.
What I did is copy an existing pak file, rename it to match my itemlist.txt, and now it works by drag-and-drop.
Now I need to get a better image editor to make transparent pngs for the new coloritemicon's. BTW, do you know where the png resource is for the Bug Friend Sugar Plump sends you? I can't seem to find it in items.
For image editing programs, I personally use GIMP, though it has a bit of a steep learning curve. I've had friends who swear by PAINT.NET instead.
You're in luck! A lot of the game's data is exported to XML, which is a whole lot like HTML. It's pretty simple to understand and modify. Is there something specific you have in mind that you want to do?
P.S Hi Ninja! welcome to InfernoFans!
Update: Coming up with 99 original combos is a little time-consuming, but I'm making progress. Often I have ideas, but one key item is missing. Any modders know how to add items to the catalogs?
Daxar, thanks for pointing me to Extinction. Hadn't checked that one yet.
23boy, others here are better at giving tutorials than I am. But if you want to make your own combos, find the vdata/combodb.dat.xml and edit whatever you want. Just change the combo name, then copy-paste the items. You'll want to make sure the name and texpos of the items is correct, or else your combo won't work.
Since several items aren't included in the combos, I've expanded the icons image file, and will soon distribute it with my new combos file. You're welcome to use it, for example, if you want to make a combo with the MusicTones.
Also, I've tried to create with Paint and GIMP the coloritemicon for a few items, such as the DeleteButton, but liCompress isn't liking my image format. The new combos still work with these items, but the images just don't show up. Anyone want to do a little advanced image editing to make these icons recognizable in the game? I could send you the image files.
The file you're looking for seems to be vdata/catalogdb.dat.xml if you want to change catalog contents. You can probably put Sugar Plumps' items into catalogs, come to think of it. Sure would make getting combos with those easier (cause having one chance per playthrough of getting a combo is pretty terrible).
Do you want to send me the images in question? I'll take a look at them and see what's up.
OK, I made a zip of four coloritemicons I've made: the Delete Button, the Thermometer, the Hug Coupon and the Portrait of Sugar Plumps (although that one might have already been there, I can't remember). I didn't include the Mouse Pad because it can't be used in combos. If you want to redo any of these to make them fit the 135x135 size, as long as they work in the game, that's fine. Here is the link.
I do remember reading your post before about adding items. I'm sure you're right that we could add the gifts from Sugar Plumps, although IMO, they wouldn't be valuable as gifts anymore. Knowing you have only one shot to use a gift in a combo and get it right king of heightens the difficulty.
Anyway, has anyone tried creating new items, such as a turtle, or a house, to add to the catalogs?
Ok, the first thing I notice wrong here with the images is that there's no alpha channel (Which was the whole point of using GIMP or PAINT.NET), meaning that everything, when drawn in the game, will have a white box around it. I'd say start again or go back to a backup. You can tell if an image has an alpha channel in GIMP if there's a checkered grey background when you're looking at the image. The original images all do.
Secondly, the only other thing I notice wrong with the PNGs is that your coloritemicons are all 135x135, while the original game's coloritemicons are all 153x153, which may be causing issues.
If you still can't get the images working, I'll need a lot more info. What's not working? Are you getting any error messages? What have you tried? What images are you replacing, and where are they not showing up? That sorta thing, with screenshots to show how it's not working (The Prt Scrn key, then pasting in GIMP is your friend).
I'm not a huge fan of artificial difficulty like that. There's a difference between making a combo that's hard to get (though not impossible), like the originals, versus having to RESTART THE ENTIRE GAME just because you made one small mistake, or burned one item too quickly before you had a chance to get the other one in the fireplace. But hey, it's your mod, not mine.
Adding items to the game is unfortunately impossible at the current time, mostly because items are really really complicated to begin with, and liTools doesn't support it yet.
You are able to add files manually by modifying one of three filelist.txt and use licompress to recompress the whole package.
Thanks for checking out the icons. It had to be something as simple as mixing up the dimensions of the coloritemicons. I've barely used GIMP. What's the trick to make the background transparent?
BTW, there's no problem with the image that contains all the 64x64 icons. Just sent it for anyone else who wants to use the added items.
@Mygod: That's an unsupported feature and I would strongly discourage anyone from attempting to do so.
@Beta Ninja: The trick to making the background transparent is leaving it transparent, and not doing things like flattening the image or removing the alpha channel. The image that contains all the 64x64 icons has this same problem. You did something that removed transparency, and there's no real way to get it back, aside from scrapping it and starting over at this point.
Daxar, I'm using GIMP to fix the transparency, and it'll take some time, but it works. If possible, could you create an 8th catalog with the following items: paper heart, Sugar Plumps portrait, thermometer, hug coupon, delete button, and mouse pad? I would make the price of the catalog and each item quite high (500+ coins), so as to not decrease their value. And I would set the number of combos to achieve before the catalog is available at 90. This way, if someone plays through the new combos and doesn't use the gift items correctly, they can still buy them at the end after solving all the other combos.
Update for everyone: I've basically finished all the combos. I'm fixing some of the icons, and I also want to edit some of the letters to provide more clues, especially for the harder combos. Then I'll play through the game with the new combos, and if everything looks good, I'll share my combos on this forum.
P.S. Some of my combos are kind of lame, it was just too hard to think of 99 interesting combos, so now's your last chance to write me with combo ideas. I've already shared my facebook profile to write me there.
I'm not sure if adding new catalogs is even possible. I'll have to look into that.
i'm looking forward to the first ( maybe not ) combo mod!
P.S somebody fix the emoticons in this website!
My new combos pack is dragging out because new ideas keep coming. I figured out how to add a new item which can be used in a combo. I've been editing the letters, so I need to play through the game once more, hopefully bug-free, and then distribute.
Any luck creating an 8th catalog?
Beta Ninja: It's not looking good for adding new catalogs. Seems to just crash. I'm not sure if it's because of duplicated resources, or if it's just not gonna work. It may just be the latter.
23boy: davidc was trying for a while to get emoticons working. It all depended on what order plugins on the site were run or something like that. One order broke links, the other broke emoticons. So he eventually gave up and just settled for working links and broken emoticons.


The successful salesperson said ____ he needed was talent and common sense.
The figures put forth for the budget are very ________.
Chris showed her supervisor the drawer ____ lay the important documents.
The new quality assurance system will ____ the employees a lot of time and labor.
The client will have left by he time Mr.Hyde ____ here.
________ the students said that they really would like a new meeting room.
Although Grace is an ____ salesperson, she had a lot of bed lucks last year.
If I _____ my name tag,no one would have known what company I work for.
______ with other offices, ours is in a quiet location.
Jack prefers finding tasks himself to ____ someone else to do it.
She felt her cheeks _____ and, in utter embarrassment,said she knew not what.
Cynthia ______ her co-worker last August.
The CEO kept his secretary _______ in the lobby for two hours.
Young executives at out office are unlike others ______ they dress casually.
______ of the company's many projects came anywhere near completion.
The facilities of the older plant are as good ____ of the new plant.
The manager wondered if his secretary could ______ what he said.
We will welcome ______ wants to come to the brainstorm meeting.
You can use plastic bottle, ______ cut off, as a makeshift flower pot on the balcony.
Mary didn't know ____ with the documents that were left on her desk.
Our boss won't approve the application form until it _____ drawn up.
We often need to _____ the CEO on his mobile.


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Home » Television » Big Little Lies Forgot The Two Most Important...
Big Little Lies Forgot The Two Most Important Words in Its Title
Big Little Lies ended its at-one-point unexpected second season in a somewhat unexpected manner, by more or less shrugging off every one of the season's plotlines in the last few minutes. But first, it had some courtroom shenanigans to get through, in some of the silliest legal scenes we think we've ever seen.
It's not a crime (you'll pardon the phrasing) for a scripted drama to use courtroom scenes to make dramatic points in a manner that might make any lawyers watching at home tear the hair out. Like anything else, courtroom scenes can be mined not only for dramatic effect, but to define characters, underline themes and move the plot forward. It may make legal purists crazy to see some of the silliness that went on in that courtroom, but there's no denying the scenes gave Celeste the opportunity to move forward as a character, with a more firm resolve and a more defined sense of self. As silly as her cross-examination of Mary Louise was, it allowed all of Celeste's issues and problems to be addressed and gave her the kind of character moment her story needed to conclude. And besides, it was just great fun to watch Streep and Kidman, two of the finest actresses of their respective generations, go at each other, hammer and tongs; Streep's squint-eyed accusatory hellspawn of a mother-in-law up against Kidman's wide-eyed fury and desperation to be understood as a good mother. It was good stuff – and fun to watch, mostly.
No, it wasn't the fantasy courtroom drama that rankled, it was the way so many of the plotlines of the season were wrapped up at the last second, giving the impression that every one of them weren't really problems for these characters so much as they were ways for the script to get them to do things. Sure, it was fun to see Laura Dern wreck a roomful of toy trains in yet another bout of righteous rage against her piece-of-shit husband, but the fact remains that Renata would have likely left her husband long before this moment. At the very least, she would've left after the nanny affair revelation. There was no reason to keep them together until the last minutes of the show except to give her as many scenes as possible where she vented her rage at him because that's the kind of scene at which Laura Dern excels. Just as Reese excels at being high-strung and mean-girl; just as Shailene excels at being twitchy and unsure and just as Zoe excels at being beautifully morose. If nothing else, it can't be denied that the show played to its respective actresses' strengths, which resulted in a string of entertaining or well-acted scenes.
But the season as a whole suffered from lowered stakes and a bunch of issues that felt like they were being blown out of proportion or stretched to their snapping points merely to give everyone something to do, from Renata's overly long trip out the door of her marriage, to Madeline and Ed's marital stress (not to mention his potential infidelity or Abigail's lack-of-college plans, both of which went nowhere), to Bonnie's ongoing depression and mystical mother issues, which either resolved themselves or went unexplained, to Jane's post-trauma reactions and her sudden ability in the last five minutes of the season to just get over them. Don't even get us started on the utterly pointless Ed vs. Nathan war. And despite our willingness to forgive legal silliness in a melodrama, the entire premise of the season – that the Monterey Five were caught in a damning lie that's destroying them all – hinges on accepting that they couldn't have quite easily proven self-defense in the killing of Perry Wright and, given their wealth and social standing, would not likely have seen a moment of jail time. All of those ladies can afford killer lawyers (Celeste's shitty one notwithstanding; that one should forego her fees if she has any sense of shame) and the looming spectre of jail time that hung over them all season seemed a little silly.
None of this can be discussed without pausing to acknowledge that the season's director Andrea Arnold was railroaded by last season's director (and one of this season's executive producers) Jean-Marc Vallée, who took over the editing of the episodes, and by some accounts, completely tore apart her original vision for the season in favor of making it adhere more closely to his own style. It's a sour footnote for the season and it appears to be the most likely reason why it was all so uneven and went off in a series of narrative dead ends.
It felt as if, in all that behind-the-scenes creative drama, folks in charge decided to put all their hopes on Meryl's performance to carry the show. And to be fair, it nearly did, as she offered up a rarity in the Streep canon; a wholly unlikeable woman to the point of coming across repulsive to those around her, yet one who was perfectly versed in the art of being passive-aggressively polite in a more or less socially acceptable way. There was SO much going on under the surface of that pinched, accusatory face. You knew Mary Louise had secret pains and secret shames, but rather than elucidate what they were, the show's creators wisely let Meryl show us what such things had done to her character.
Even so, a spectacular Streep performance isn't enough to elevate an entire season of television to high worthiness. The unevenness of the scripts, the shifting character motivations and occasionally inexplicable actions, the focus on husbands feuding with each other or mothers practicing some sort of ritualistic spiritualism meant that we couldn't get enough of a spotlight on Janes's emotions or Bonnie's, upon which the entire direction of the story rested. Celeste's family issues still held our attention, but Madeline's simply weren't interesting and Renata's too often felt like a setup for yet another fan-service scene of Laura Dern going The Full Dern. Instead, poor Zoe was forced to sulk through her scenes or give monologues to characters in comas. Shailene played the same scenes over and over – an awkward attempt at kissing, a painful conversation with Ziggy – and, like Bonnie, seemed to exist mostly apart from the so-called Monterey Five. There were vague attempts at showcasing how the friendship between the Five was tentative and strained at best, but there seemed to be no thought given to the idea that matters of age difference, wealth, social status and race were likely to drive them apart rather than a half-hearted lie that never really needed to be told in the first place.
And in the end, that's the real problem with this second season of a show that's nominally all about lies: the lies were weak, a little pointless, and not particularly compelling. What's the point of Big Little Lies if it's not all about fascinating, dramatic lies? It's like a season of The Love Boat where everyone mildly dislikes each other and they're all miles from the ocean.
Pop Style Opinionfest: Getting Catty with the "Cats" Trailer Next Post:
Ariana DeBose and David Alvarez on the Set of "West Side Story"
Let's Talk About That "Yellowjackets" Finale
RuPaul's Drag Race: Big Opening No. 2
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Firm says plant in Karnataka is first in Asian country to use high-efficiency mono PERC modules and also the largest PV farm it has ever commissioned.
India deployed a record 9,255MW of solar in 2017, up 94% from the previous year, but uncertainty and a slowdown looms in 2018, according to the latest quarterly report from consultancy firm Bridge to India.
Japan's Jera Co, a joint venture between Tokyo Electric Power Group (TEPCO) and the Chubu Electric Power Group, has acquired a 10% stake in Indian renewables firm ReNew Power Ventures Private Limited.
The Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), the US Government's development finance institution, will provide US$74 million to Indian energy firm ReNew Power Ventures for a 100MW solar farm in the Indian state of Telangana.
Chinese solar cell and module manufacturer Hareon Solar Technology is bouncing back after its US$90 million lawsuit last year with new investment in its PV business and a new partnership.
India hit 7,805MW of solar PV on 30 June this year, according to figures from the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).
India's latest 400MW solar auction saw limited competition compared to recent tenders with just six bidders for the PV capacity in an Andhra Pradesh solar park.
Domestic developers triumphed in Karnataka's 500MW solar auction, maintaining the market's fiercely competitive tariff levels with winning bids between INR4.78-4.8/kWh (US$0.072) for capacity in the Pavagada Solar Park in Tumkur District.
India-based renewables developer ReNew Power Ventures will receive up to US$250 million of debt financing from Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), the US government's development finance institution, to help construct 400MW of solar PV projects in India.
Solar capacity auctioned last night in the Indian state of Jharkhand saw significant contrasts in bids received for the smaller-scale sub-25MW category when compared to the larger utility-scale segment, with indian developer Renew Power winning big.


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'Arabs Crash Hollywood' With Egyptianised Movie Posters
Shiha's Time to Shine
SceneSounds Vol. 6: Omar Elkoussy
Egyptians show the Oscars some unrequited love - in the most Egyptian fashion, of course.
Staff Writer VIEW ALL ARTICLES BY Staff Writer
The Revenant, The Room, Mad Max, and Star Wars are just a handful of films set to get some Oscar love next Sunday, February 28th. This year, Palestinian Director Basil Khalil's Ave Maria and British-Jordanian Naji Abu Nowar's Theeb have been nominated for Best Short Film and Best Foreign Film, respectively. While we are certainly happy for (read: envious of) our fellow Arabs, we can't help but feel a little left out! Oshan 14 is just as good, God damn it! #OscarsSoWhite, indeed!
Instead of boycotting the Academy Awards, however, we have chosen to embrace Hollywood's biggest night with our signature brand of endearment. Cinemoz's Facebook page is bringing back their Arabs Crash Hollywood campaign for the third time, this time Egyptianising this year's Oscar contenders by giving each its own Egyptian poster and title – The Revenant became Rage3 b 2ezn Allah and The Room became El 7ogra, but our favourite is Max El Magnoun!
And that, dear friends, is how you stick it to the man and show them tinseltown execs who's boss!
Mena Massoud to Star in Netflix Romantic-Comedy Film 'The Royal Treatment'
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Art D'Egypte's 'Technocrats' Exhibit Reinvents Artists as Powerful Tyrants
The exhibit is a miniature recreation of a technocratic system, wherein the gallery [...]
Al-Ahly SC Becomes First Club in Africa to Receive ISO Certificate
Al-Ahly SC's management team just won an internationally-recognised ISO [...]
Karim Kassem Selected for Jury Member for Digital Studio Awards 2021
These annual awards by Digital Studio Middle East recognise regional filmmakers and [...]
Inside Gemini Africa's Radical CinemaTech Track
We sit down with Gemini Africa Chairman and CEO, Adly Thoma, to find out more about [...]
'Souad' Selected as Egypt's Official Submission to the Oscars
'Souad' by Ayten Amin has recently enjoyed a string of international successes, [...]
Must-See Films at El Gouna Film Festival 2021
From coming-of-age dramas to uplifting documentaries and stirring thrillers, we've [...]
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Todd Evans, a pioneer in three-dimensional magnetic fields
Alberto Loarte, Head of the ITER Science Division
In memoriam | Todd Evans, a pioneer in three-dimensional magnetic fields
The fusion community is without one of its most creative members with the passing away of Todd Evans last month. Todd dedicated most of his career to furthering the theoretical and experimental understanding and application of three-dimensional (3-D) magnetic fields in fusion devices. He played a key role in this area of international research, contributing to the design of 3-D magnetic field systems on a large number of devices across the ITER Members R&D fusion institutes, such as the tokamaks TEXT and DIII-D (USA), JIPPT-IIU (Japan), Tore-Supra and TEXTOR (Europe).
Todd Evans (second from left, first row) leading an international team of fusion experts carrying out ITER-targeted experiments to demonstrate ELM suppression in helium plasmas at DIII-D (July 2014).
Of particular importance for ITER was his discovery that specially designed 3D magnetic fields can avoid the triggering of edge magnetohydrodynamic instabilities (so-called Edge Localized Modes or ELMs for short) in H-mode plasmas. In this regime, energy confinement is improved by the formation of a "transport barrier" at the very periphery of the plasma, providing improved insulation from the hot core plasma. Operation in H-mode is required for ITER to demonstrate the project's high fusion power gain (Q) goals, but is accompanied by rapid and periodic bursts of energy and particle losses associated with ELMs. Although the ELMs themselves usually have relatively minor effects on the plasma, leading to losses of only a small percent of the plasma energy, they generate repetitive, fast transient plasma heat pulses on the in-vessel components facing the plasma. Left unmitigated they would, on ITER, greatly increase surface erosion of these components, significantly reducing their lifetime.
Todd Evans led the initial effort to demonstrate that these ELM instabilities can be avoided by applying specially tailored 3D magnetic fields called resonant magnetic field perturbations (or RMPs), while the plasma retains the desirable features of the H-mode regime. He led the first pioneering experiments on the DIII-D tokamak by using a system of coils located inside the tokamak vacuum vessel and originally installed to control a different magnetohydrodynamic plasma instability (the resistive wall mode). In 2006, he published a seminal paper in Nature Physics demonstrating, for the first time, an "ELM suppression" scheme compatible with the edge plasma conditions expected in ITER.
Todd's achievement had a profound impact on the fusion community and on the ITER design itself. A whole host of fusion devices (such as ASDEX-Upgrade, COMPASS, JET and MAST (Europe); EAST (China); KSTAR (Korea); and LHD (Japan)) followed his lead, either by deploying existing coil sets or installing completely new systems to study this innovative ELM control scheme so important to the future success of ITER. As part of the ITER Design Review carried out in 2007-2008, the ITER Organization also started a series of studies to incorporate an in-vessel coil system to provide ELM control within the ITER baseline design. This required a series of engineering and physics studies, to which Todd was an essential contributor.
The ITER coil systems designed to create 3D magnetic fields: in-vessel ELM control coils (in cyan) implementing Todd Evans' control scheme, and ex-vessel error field correction coils (in green) required for the correction of magnetic field errors arising from imperfect alignment of the main ITER superconducting magnets (toroidal and poloidal field coils).
The design effort to incorporate a comprehensive ELM control coil set into the ITER machine proved to be an extremely complex challenge, but was ultimately successfully completed. This was recognized by the ITER Council Science and Technology Advisory Committee in 2013 with its recommendation that these coils be formally included in the ITER baseline design. The ELM coils completed their final design review in 2019 and are presently being manufactured. Throughout this long process, Todd was always ready to advise and support the ITER Organization in many of the specific design decisions that had to be taken to make the ELM control coils in ITER a reality.
In addition to his direct contribution to the ITER design, Todd Evans has been a leading figure in driving R&D for the application of resonant magnetic field perturbations for the resolution of specific issues affecting ITER plasma performance, core-edge plasma integration and the development of the ITER Research Plan. Among the issues, are the use of resonant magnetic field perturbations for ELM suppression in helium plasmas during ITER's Pre-Fusion Power Operation phase*, and the fuelling of ELM-suppressed plasmas with pellets. His curiosity, perseverance, and willingness to help others understand complicated physics issues and to produce results of practical application to fusion development will be missed by the fusion community and by the ITER Organization.
Todd E. Evans died on 26 October 2020; click here to read an obituary published on the DIII-D website.
**During this phase of ITER operation, hydrogen and helium plasma scenarios will be developed to allow the full commissioning of all tokamak sub-systems (except those involving the use of deuterium or tritium) with plasma.


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Building a Digital Portfolio Summer Institute for Art Historians, Applications Accepted through March 15
By Lisa Tagliaferri
Sunday, March 15, 2015 (All day)
Building a Digital Portfolio is a digital humanities summer institute for 20 art history graduate students offered by the Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media, at George Mason University with support from the Getty Foundation that will be held July 13-24, 2015. The Getty is generously funding travel, lodging, and a modest per diem for all participants.
The goal of the institute is to introduce digital art history to graduate students in MA and PhD programs by training them in digital humanities methods and tools. See a preview of what we have planned:http://arthistory2015.doingdh.org/curriculum-draft/
To apply, please fill out the online application form by March 15, 2015. We will make our decisions in mid-April.
Lisa Tagliaferri
@lisaironcutter
Humanities, Arts & Media
Scholar Class 2015
TAMeR — Technology: Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance
Call for Participation: Digital Visualization Workshop, "Visualizing Venice: The Biennale and the City," June 1-12
8-day Summer Institute: Beyond the Digitized Slide Library
Call for Session Proposals: Society of Architectural Historians 68th Annual Conference
Database developer / programmer at Hamburg University
Call for Applicants: Asst. Professor in Sound Studies at Arizona State University


I have used Algae Strip a couple of times to clean the bottom before lay up. Do I still have to use Boat Scrub to prep the bottom before applying VS721?
Boat Scrub will remove any residue, stain, and oxidation that can impair the cross linking of the VS721 Bottom Coat to the hull. This is important to get the maximum performance from the product. Even though the hull looks clean there may be pollutants or traces of oxidized material on the surface or in the pores. If you don't clean the bottom with Boat Scrub, just before you apply the VS721 Bottom Coat, it will not last as long or perform as well. Boat Scrub is recommended because it contains Hypexine to deep clean and it will remove all traces of oxidization. It is also free rinsing and will not leave a residue.


Taking walks is a Dad-driven activity that varies in popularity among his children.
There are a lot of ways to be a good father. I think the stereotypes around fatherhood are even more constraining than the ones around motherhood – and it appears to be particularly tough on Dads with kids on the spectrum because ASD kids often don't hew to the traditional mold of father-son relationships. I've heard many stories of families with Dads who couldn't cope with a child on the Spectrum, but am happy to report that I don't know many of them. Most of the Dads I know have stuck with their families and done their best to support their kids and spouses through this unprecedented time in history when autism went from obscurity to a household word in front of their eyes.
In this world of Dads whom I have seen rise to the occasion of ASD in their lives, my own husband stands head and shoulders above them all in his devotion to, compassion for, and understanding of our boy. He understands what it is like to think in pictures, to read the emotions in a room without need for dialogue, to focus relentlessly on a single goal. He has supported me in my many unconventional pursuits down new paths toward better health and treatment, and sometimes adopted the treatments for himself. He appreciates the gifts of all of our kids, knowing them in a way that is decidedly 21st century even as he revels in a kind of Ward Cleaver image of fatherhood. He plays video games and likes to go on vacation to places where you dress for dinner. He loves Christmas, hates command performances, and requires infusions of salt air and extreme weather on a regular basis. He is loving, stalwart, industrious and hilarious in ways that only those closest to him can truly appreciate. He belongs to us, and we to him, and there isn't much more you can ask from a Dad than that.


In re Donald O. DALEY, Debtor.
to her marital community with Donald O.
James M. Marlar, Phoenix, Ariz., Stephen R. Kaufmann, Springfield, Ill., for plaintiffs-appellants.
Lester L. Penterman, Phoenix, Ariz., for defendants-appellees.
Before REINHARDT, BEEZER and HALL, Circuit Judges.
Creditors in a Chapter 7 bankruptcy proceeding appeal the judgment of the district court affirming the bankruptcy court's dismissal of creditors' adversary claim of nondischargeability. We reverse and remand.
The Daleys moved to dismiss the adversary complaint on the grounds that the doctrine of judicial estoppel barred relitigation of the fraud claims. The bankruptcy court rendered final judgment in favor of the Daleys.4 The court held that the Franks' consent to a dismissal with prejudice amounted to a waiver of their right to raise the fraud claims in a bankruptcy proceeding. The court reasoned that the Franks should be bound to the terms of their bargain, which declared with some specificity that the allegations of fraud could not be raised again in court.
The Franks appealed to the district court. On appeal, the Daleys abandoned their judicial estoppel argument and argued instead that the doctrine of res judicata barred the Franks' complaint for nondischargeability. The district court affirmed the bankruptcy court. The court held that the dismissal with prejudice of the fraud claims in the earlier action constituted a res judicata bar to assertion of allegations of fraud in a bankruptcy proceeding.
We have jurisdiction over this appeal of a final judgment of the district court. 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1291. The district court had jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. Secs. 1334, 1471(b) and Local Rule 55 of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona. In re Thomas, 765 F.2d 926, 928-30 (9th Cir.1985).
A district court's dismissal on res judicata grounds is subject to de novo review. Hirst v. State of California, 770 F.2d 776, 777 (9th Cir.1985); In re Comer, 723 F.2d 737, 739 (9th Cir.1984). A district court's order for summary judgment is also reviewed de novo. Bunyan v. Camacho, 770 F.2d 773, 774 (9th Cir.1985).
The Franks argue that the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Felsen, 442 U.S. 127, 99 S.Ct. 2205, 60 L.Ed.2d 767 (1979) requires reversal of the bankruptcy and district courts.
Brown involved a guaranteed loan. 442 U.S. at 128, 99 S.Ct. at 2207. Debtor defaulted and the bank brought suit against creditor and debtor in state court. Id. Creditor filed a cross-claim against debtor alleging that debtor induced creditor to guarantee the loan by misrepresentations and nondisclosure of material facts. Id. The suit was settled by stipulation, which provided that the bank should recover jointly and severally against creditor and debtor, and that creditor should have judgment against debtor. Id. Neither the stipulation nor the judgment indicated the legal theory on which debtor's liability to creditor was based. Id. Debtor subsequently filed a voluntary petition in bankruptcy seeking discharge of his indebtedness. Id. Creditor sought to establish that the debt was nondischargeable under sections 17(a)(2) and 17(a)(4) of the Bankruptcy Act. Id. at 129, 99 S.Ct. at 2208.5 Creditor alleged that the guarantee debt was the product of fraud, deceit, and malicious conversion. Id. Debtor moved for summary judgment on the grounds that res judicata barred relitigation of the nature of defendant's debts to creditor. Id. The bankruptcy court granted the motion. Id. at 130, 99 S.Ct. at 2208. The district court and the Tenth Circuit affirmed. Id. The Supreme Court reversed. Id. at 139, 99 S.Ct. at 2213.
The Brown Court rested its decision on a variety of factors that apply with equal vigor to the instant case. The Court noted that application of res judicata in the context of a dischargeability determination is quite unlike res judicata in its usual setting. A creditor in a dischargeability proceeding "readily concedes that the prior decree is binding. That is the cornerstone of his claim. He does not assert a new ground for recovery, nor does he attack the validity of the prior judgment. Rather, what he is attempting to meet here is the new defense of bankruptcy which [the debtor] has interposed between [the creditor] and the sum determined to be due him." 442 U.S. at 133, 99 S.Ct. at 2210. The Franks, similarly, seek only to realize the judgment obtained in the prior proceeding.
The Brown Court found that application of res judicata in dischargeability proceedings would inspire needless litigation by forcing "an otherwise unwilling party to try Sec. 17 questions to the hilt in order to protect himself against the mere possibility that a debtor might take bankruptcy in the future." Id. at 135, 99 S.Ct. at 2211. In the instant case, the Franks obtained judgment without going to trial. Since the Franks received contractual relief by summary judgment, they had no incentive to continue the litigation. If the Franks had pursued their fraud claims solely to protect their judgment, all parties would have sustained additional litigation expense. The Bankruptcy Code's policy of preserving debtors' estates is not well served by a rule that encourages needless litigation.
The Brown Court also noted that giving finality to prior state court rulings on section 17 questions would undercut Congress' intention to commit section 17 issues to the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court. Id.
The Daleys seek to distinguish Brown by pointing out that in Brown neither the stipulation nor the judgment stated the legal theory upon which the prior judgment was based. The Daleys argue that the dismissal of the fraud claims with prejudice identifies the claim that was decided in the earlier proceeding.
Although Brown is distinguishable as the Daleys claim, the distinction is legally irrelevant. The Court in Brown did not rely on the distinction. Other than in its recitation of the facts, the Brown Court did not refer to whether the legal theory in the earlier proceeding was identifiable. Moreover, the Court's opinion suggests that the Court contemplated a hypothetical situation in which the legal theory was known. In discussing the possibility that application of res judicata would encourage needless litigation, the Court stated that "absent a trial on the merits, there is no particular reason to favor extraneous facts thrown into a record for Sec. 17 purposes over facts adduced before the bankruptcy court." 442 U.S. at 135, 99 S.Ct. at 2211. The context of this statement indicates that the "facts thrown into [the] record" are those facts indicating the legal theory upon which debtor's liability was grounded. The statement, therefore, implies that even when the legal theory is apparent from the record, res judicata should not apply. The Daleys' reliance on the distinction between Brown and the instant case is misplaced.
[Debtor] argues that [creditor] could have avoided such a result and preserved his dischargeability contentions for bankruptcy court review by bargaining for a stipulation that Sec. 17 issues were not resolved by the consent judgment. It makes little sense, however, to resolve a federal dischargeability question according to whether or not the parties in state court waived their right to engage in hypothetical litigation in an inappropriate forum.
Id., at 137, 99 S.Ct. 2212.6 Since the alleged differences between Brown and the instant case are irrelevant, the Supreme Court's decision in Brown requires reversal of the decision below.
In In re Gross, 654 F.2d 602 (9th Cir.1981), we rejected arguments similar to those raised by appellees in the instant case. In Gross, the debtor asserted that a prior state court judgment rendered on contract grounds precluded the creditor from raising the question of fraud in a dischargeability proceeding in bankruptcy court. Id. at 604. The debtor contended that the contract judgment evidenced a binding election of remedies. Id. We held that such an assertion was contrary to the Supreme Court's decision in Brown and therefore that the bankruptcy court properly examined evidence beyond the state court record in determining that the debt was not dischargeable. Id.
As in the instant case, the theory of liability in Gross was known. The only difference between Gross and the instant case is that in Gross, there was no indication that the parties expressly stipulated to dismiss the fraud claims in the earlier proceedings. This distinction, however, is irrelevant. Simply put, "[t]he doctrine of res judicata provides that when a final judgment has been entered on the merits of a case, '[i]t is a finality as to the claim or demand in controversy, concluding parties and those in privity with them, not only as to every matter which was offered and received to sustain or defeat the claim or demand, but as to any other admissible matter which might have been offered for that purpose.' " Nevada v. United States, 463 U.S. 110, 129-30, 103 S.Ct. 2906, 2918, 77 L.Ed.2d 509 (1983) (quoting Cromwell v. County of Sac, 94 U.S. (4 Otto) 351, 352, 24 L.Ed. 195 (1877)).
The Daleys argue that the Franks may not relitigate issues already decided.
When an issue of fact or law is actually litigated and determined by a valid and final judgment, and the determination is essential to the judgment, the determination is conclusive in a subsequent action between the parties, whether on the same or different claim.
Restatement (Second) of Judgments Sec. 27 (1982).7 Comment e to section 27 states that "[i]n the case of a judgment entered by confession, consent, or default, none of the issues is actually litigated." Restatement (Second) of Judgments Sec. 27, comment e (1982). Since the dismissal with prejudice was entered pursuant to a stipulation, the fraud claims were not actually litigated. Moreover, since the Franks obtained their prayer for relief in the summary judgment on the contract claims, the "determination" of the fraud claims was not necessary to the judgment. Therefore, collateral estoppel does not apply.
[t]he 1970 Amendments to the Bankruptcy Act imposed upon the bankruptcy courts the exclusive jurisdiction to determine dischargeability. As we read those Amendments there is no room for the application of the technical doctrine of collateral estoppel in determining the nondischargeability of debts described in section 17(a)(2), (4), and (8) of the Bankruptcy Act. This does not mean that the documents which officially enshrine the state court proceedings may not be considered by the bankruptcy judges as establishing the nondischargeability of a debt. What is required is that the bankruptcy court consider all relevant evidence, including the state court proceedings, that is offered by the parties, or requested by the court, and on the basis of that evidence determine the nondischargeability of judgment debts which the creditors contend are described in section 17(a)(2), (4), and (8).
Id. at 653-54 (citations and notes omitted, emphasis added).
In the instant case, the Daleys contend that the bankruptcy court examined all of the relevant evidence. The bankruptcy court's written decision cannot be read so broadly. The bankruptcy and district courts rendered purely legal decisions based on their interpretations of Brown. The courts relied solely on the stipulated dismissal with prejudice in the prior district court proceedings. The documents before the bankruptcy court were inadequate to permit it to form an independent judgment regarding dischargeability.8 Summary judgment, therefore, was inappropriate.
Under Sec. 523 of the Bankruptcy Code, the bankruptcy court has the exclusive jurisdiction to determine dischargeability. In re Comer, 723 F.2d at 740; In re Houtman, 568 F.2d at 653. To make this determination, the court must consider all relevant evidence bearing on the nature of the debt. See In re Comer, 723 F.2d at 740. The Franks were entitled to pursue their claims of nondischargeability in bankruptcy court. On remand, the bankruptcy court is directed to consider all relevant evidence and to determine dischargeability on the merits.
The documents attached to the motion to dismiss include an eight page excerpt of the deposition of Walter Frank and a nine page excerpt of the deposition of Joan Frank, taken during the pendency of the prior district court action. The context of the excerpted testimony is unclear. To the extent that the excerpted material can be understood, the material does nothing more than attempt to refute allegations of fraud. The excerpts are not conclusive and at most raise a question of fact regarding the existence of fraud on the part of Daley. The motion to dismiss also includes an index to Walter Frank's deposition, and a copy of the complaint, judgment, and stipulated dismissal in the prior action. None of these items are probative on the issue of dischargeability.
The documents attached to the Franks' opposition to the Daleys' motion to dismiss include excerpts from depositions of the Franks and of Don Daley. These excerpts tend to indicate Daley's culpability and the Franks' reliance on Daley. The opposition documents also include interrogatories served on Daley and transcripts of Daley's deposition. Daley refused to answer the majority of the questions probative of fraud on the ground that his answers might incriminate him.


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text:
Q: A problem of differential equations with invariant subspace Thank you for your help in solving the following exercise
Let $A:\mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^{n} $ be an operator that leaves a invariant subspace $E\subset \mathbb{R}^{n}$. Let $x:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^{n}$ be the solution of ${x}'=Ax$. If $x\left ( t_{0} \right )\in E$ for some $t_{0}\in \mathbb{R}$, show that $x\left ( t \right )\in E$ for all $t\in \mathbb{R}$
One question
The exponential of a square matrix can also be defined as?
$e^{tA}=\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty }\sum_{j=0}^{n }\frac{t^{j}A^{j}}{j!}$

A: The solution of the IVP is
$$
x(t)=e^{(t-t_0)A}x(t_0)=\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{(t-t_0)^n}{n!}A^nx(t_0).
$$
But, $A^nx_0$ belongs to the invariant subspace of $A$, and so does the sum $\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{(t-t_0)^n}{n!}A^nx(t_0)$, since finite-dimensional spaces are closed.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This for a PAIR of BLACK 1973-76 Dodge Dart, Plymouth Duster arm rest pads. Replace your missing or cracked pads with these high quality repops. Sold in pairs only. Comes with mounting screws. Price does not include shipping.


Last night was an interesting one. I attended a "Software Solutions" companies opening party at the Sofitel and met a few guys in the computer industry. It was only Japanese and Vietnamese except for me and one other guy. The presentation was also only in these two languages and it reminded me of my extremely poor vocabulary and how hard it is to maintain said vocabulary.
I had to duck out at 8:00pm to go meet two friends who were in town from America at the Saigon Saigon bar. One is a Phd. candidate at Yale and her boyfriend who is a civil rights lawyer also from Yale. We had a really great conversation drawing parallels between the "Communist" system here and the Capitalist system in the United States. It was interesting to find that as they can search houses here and we think of it as "Communism" the same thing happens in the USA, especially in minority neighborhoods. I guess the pretext is finding "illegal aliens" but they could say that here as well since some foreigners have not registered their guests/residents in their house properly. So we foreigners tend to think of this as "Communism" but it's not really that different from what goes on in the USA.
Another is corruption. Here, if you are connected your life will be easier on all fronts. It's the same in the USA is it not? My lawyer friend informed me of much of the rampant corruption going on with the police especially in Chicago. We also discussed free speech.
There are some things better off left unsaid here but I heard that some right wing companies in the USA refused to do business with the "lefties" and in certain parts of America it is Taboo to speak about certain things. I don't want to get more specific on this.
Finally, there was the idea about workers rights. Here the government has laws to protect the worker. In the US back and England during the Industrial Revolution things were not so good for the common worker. Also, in the 1920's (not so long ago) there were also teams of police called "Strike Breakers" on the payroll of the big companies. I read an article once that Capitalism was able to adapt and get labor laws in place. However, the author was unable to see that Communism was also able to adapt as it is doing now with opening the economy and relaxing many laws. My own conclusion is simply that any system can work so long as you take out human greed which at this stage in our development is impossible. There will always be greed and therefore every system is a bit flawed.
After the Saigon Saigon bar my friends had to go since they had to catch a flight in 8 hours. On the way out I met some more friends who were going to a different bar. But on the way there I saw some other friends drinking at the Qing wine bar and sat with them for about 2 hours. Now I'm up at 10:40am and gotta be at the conditioning class at the gym. Hope I have the energy for it!
Also, I'm not sure what kind of human development you are talking about but I agree that all systems (even the non-articulated) are flawed and dangerous if you stick to one blindly.
That does not mean that all ideologies are wrong and therefore all the same and all bad. It means that all ideologies fit to a certain kind of circumstances and being able to see, which one is appropriate is very important. Some will never become appropriate.
The dangerous blindness to other options or consequences comes into the picture e.g. when people feel they are threatened.
In Marx's theories, fear or struggle is an integral part of the ideology and therefore civil liberties in a communist society were always meant to be curbed.
The incursions of peoples' rights happening in the US these days are not the result of adhering to Liberalism or Capitalism too strictly. They are the result of the sense of fear by having to struggle with terrorists.
Communism – being the path to Socialism as described by Marx – describes a struggle of the working class against the capitalist class as an scientifically proven fact and historical neccesity. In order to defeat the capitalist class a communist dictatorship is therefore necessary to control the struggle. Because that period was a scientific necessity in history according to Marx the communist leaders felt justified in doing anything they wanted. This was after all both an emergency AND destined by fate, they thought.
However, even though the dictatorship-period was only supposed to be transitional, and then develop into socialism, in the end it kept extending and extending.
This happened both because the leaders and ideology where corrupt but most of all because they felt that their mission took emergency precendence over everything else – even human life or liberties.
Marx foresaw that in a period of danger, tighter top-down control was necessary. And so did Bush go centralising power and curbing liberties in America as soon as he felt threatened.
You could argue that in the case of Soviet Russia their problems where due to sticking too much to an ideology and therefore we should be careful of sticking to ideologies as such.
In fact Soviet Russia's failure was due to them building their system on the basis on an ideology, which perceived everything as an emergency situation. And *that* is what we should be careful of. Not stickng to an ideology per se. If an ideology helps in a given situation, then by all means… The important thing is to be able to look elsewhere when it doesn't.
Danger comes when you blindly ignore what is happening as a second or third consequence of your emergency decissions.
You can hardly say that Vietnam is strictly communist in a pure sense of the word like Mao saw it when he instigated class struggle as a norm for society. Vietnam, rather, is a place where you get to use whatever work (in Danish: Det Forhaandenvaerende Soems Princip).
That is not "sticking to ideology". In fact, it is the opposite.


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My mods appear to be successful with the twin turbines. The flight test program is mostly completed and all I have remaining is the self launch procedure. I am the builder of my bird and have made many modifications, so I am somewhat free to change and modify as I please. At this point and time, FES may be a better and easier install into a standard HP-18. I incorporated all of Udo's mods that included a raised turtle back and canopy. This change provides the needed room for the twin turbines. It can be done but will require a great deal of effort, engineering and modifications.
No, I don't know anything about the company. Sorry.


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text:
LIVERPOOL'S NO.1 TITHEBARN SOLD FOR £7.2 MILLION
We are delighted to have recently completed the sale of No.1 Tithebarn for the sum of £7.2 million.
Private Family Trust has acquired No 1 Tithebarn, which has already been the subject of one of the city's largest deals in 2016 so far.
Situated above Moorfields railway station on Old Hall Street, the mixed-use building was previously owned by Carleton Estates which purchased the site from the receivers back in 2014.
The firm had attracted occupier Carpenters Legal Practice to the site in the large deal, and other tenants there include William Hill, Moorfield Photographics, Tata Consulting, Speed Medical Examinations and SDV Limited.
With a total of 113,500 sq ft of space at No 1 Tithebarn, 42,000 sq ft of accommodation at the site currently remains available.
Worthington Owen acted jointly with GVA on behalf of Carleton Estates in the sale.
Worthington Owen secures triple deal at Castle Street
CEL Solicitors takes floor at Liverpool's Chapel Street
Bibby takes 20,000 sq ft at Exchange Flags
BDO take space within One Tithebarn
Sony confirmed for Liverpool's Echo Place


This is the incredible story of how Adir our English teacher, Adir Ferreira, fell in love with English, learned fast from a very young age, and used his experience to help learners around the world through writing. If you're a Portuguese speaker, we highly recommend you check out Adir Ferreira's English teaching and learning blog and give his facebook page a like for HOT AND USEFUL TIPS every single day.
How I learned English: a true story.
Hello, everybody! I was really glad when Justin invited me to write a guest post for the RLE blog and share with you how I learned English. I kept thinking about it and I realized I am still learning English – every single day!
Before explaining how I learned how to speak English let me tell you how I learned how to read and write. What I'm about to tell you is a true story and it's a kind of a legend. My mother is a very religious woman and back in 1980 (I was 5!) my family was having a novena (a nine-day period of praying) before Christmas and I asked if I could read a passage from the Bible – and then I did!
I don't know how that happened – and neither does anybody else, for that matter – but as it turns out, I always felt that learning had a special way of happening for me. I could even skip kindergarten and go straight to first grade.
Now moving on to when I was 10 and the song "We Are the World" came out. There was a store in Bebedouro (SP) who was giving away the lyrics with its translation – some heat-of-the-moment marketing thing. Somehow that fell on my lap and like everyone else, I was mesmerized to see so many international artists singing towards a bigger goal. I started reading the lyrics and comparing the English words with their Portuguese counterparts; you can imagine that didn't make a lot of sense to me because of word order.
The next year I started having English classes in the "ginásio" – former Brazilian middle school. I would give my English teacher a very hard time because I was extremely curious. At the same time, some of my parents' friends saw that I had a knack for learning languages and gave me an English course with four LPs and two books to accompany them. I would come home from school and study them, like there was no tomorrow. I really enjoyed doing that.
When I was fourteen I got a scholarship to attend an English institute. As you may imagine, I went from level 1 to level 3 in two weeks. I studied there for one year, then I had to stop because I was changing schools and couldn't rearrange my schedule. One year passed and another English school opened in Bebedouro so the principal called some students he knew to have an intermediate English group.
One of the things that helped me learn English so well was that I have always been very curious and very active in my learning. By teaching you also learn a lot, because you have to, and in my case I have always liked to go the extra mile, so to speak.
A groundbreaking moment in my student/teacher life came when I was reading the culture part of the Sunday newspaper and I saw an ad of a guy from Minas Gerais. He had some friends in the US who would tape series like Beverly Hills 90201 and Melrose Place, so he could sell them. I went crazy and called this guy to see how things worked. As it turns out, I started buying episodes from these two series, with commercials and everything, and that's when my listening skills started to really develop.
I would watch the same episodes over and over again and the vocabulary I read in texts came alive – it was amazing to see how things were piecing themselves together. A technique I used unconsciously was to imitate the characters lines, even their facial expressions, and that helped me a lot in my speaking skills. So if you like series and movies, they're a great asset for your learning.
Some years later I started teaching at school that had a huge library – lots of original books from authors like Stephen King and John Grisham. I started borrowing these books to improve my vocabulary and so it did. I always tell people that reading is one of the best things for learning – not only languages, but anything in general. It opens up a whole new world and you start changing your thinking and the way you do things.
Let me share one last thing with you: I never missed any opportunity to use my English. Whenever there was a "gringo" around, I would introduce myself and strike up a conversation, even for some minutes. If you're afraid to make mistakes and that people will judge you, don't! If you never try, you'll never know you'll succeed. One of the greatest rewards in my learning and teaching life was when I went to the States for the first time and heard from many people, "You don't sound Brazilian!" That is awesome, to say the least.
Well, I hope my learning experiences are somehow useful to you, and always remember: if someone has done it, you can do it too!
Take care and have a great one!
THANK YOU, Cadu! We're twin brothers separated at birth!
Jase, we all are twin brothers!!!!
Congrats Adir! And I do love the sentence: if someone has done it, you can do it too!


Apartment in Rabac 16638 in Rabac provides accommodations with free WiFi, a 13-minute walk from Rabac Bus Stop. The property is one mile from Rabac Ferry Port and 1.6 miles from Girandella Beach Rabac.
Offering direct access to a balcony, this apartment comes with 1 separate bedroom and a fully equipped kitchenette. A TV is provided.
Pula Airport is 26 miles from the property.
This is our guests' favorite part of Rabac, according to independent reviews.
뀐 Located in the top-rated area in Rabac, this property has an excellent location score of 8.8!
When would you like to stay at Apartment in Rabac 16638?
This apartment has a private pool, electric kettle and washing machine.
Private parking is available on site (reservation is not possible) and costs EUR 1.40 per day.
House Rules Apartment in Rabac 16638 takes special requests – add in the next step!