text:
Home > Vol 5, No 3 (2018) > Mirbazel
The Effect of English Teachers' Code-Switching and Translation Strategies on the Enhancement of Iranian EFL Junior Secondary Program Students' Language Learning
Seyede Khadijeh Mirbazel, Masoumeh Arjmandi
The present study aims at focusing on the significance of employing L1 in L2 classroom (in EFL context) via code-switching and translation strategies by English teachers. It argues the use of L2 solely for teaching English (in EFL classroom) seems inadequate to achieve L2 teaching and learning goals. Employing L1 alongside L2 in EFL context, especially at low level, contributes students to learn L2 more effectively. For this purpose, 45 Iranian Junior Secondary Program (JSP) or first grade students were selected, and then, they were divided into three groups of 15 and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups of code-switching and translation strategies and one control group. After pretesting, the first group was taught by code-switching strategy, the second group was taught by translation strategy, and the third or control group was taught by the use of English solely. Also, there was a posttest based on the content of students' English textbook. The collected data were analyzed through calculating descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA. The results revealed that the first grade students in the experimental groups (A and B) attained the higher scores in the posttest compared to the control group. The findings of this study highlighted the effective features of utilizing the code-switching and translation strategies to maximize students' meaningful learning, and fortify the flow of interaction between students and teacher collaboratively.
affective filter, code-switching strategy, comprehensible input, EFL context, translation strategy
Afzal, Sh. (2013), Using of the first language if English classroom as a way of scaffolding for both the students and teachers to learn and teach English, International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Science, 4(7), 1840-1854.
Auerbach, E. R. (1993). Reexamining English only in the ESL classroom. TESOL Quarterly 27(1), 9-32.
Ausubel, D. (1967). Learning theory and classroom practice. Bulletin, Toronto: Ontario Institute for Studies in English.
Begum, M. T., & Haque, M. M. (2013). Code mixing in the KSA: A case study of expatriate Bangladeshi and Indian ESL teachers. Arab World English Journal, 4(4), 22-26.
Bouangeune, S. (2009). Using L1 in teaching vocabulary to low English proficiency level students: A case study at the University of Laos. English Language Teaching Journal, 2(3), 186-193.
Chaudron, C. (1998) Second language classroom: Research on teaching and learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University.
Cook, V. (2001). Using the first language in the classroom. Canadian Modern Language Review, 57(3), 402-423.
DiCamilla, F., & Antón, M. (2012). Functions of L1 in the collaborative interaction of beginning and advanced second language learners. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 22, 160-188. doi.org/10.1111/j.1473-4192.2011.00302.x
Du, X. (2009). The affective filter in second language teaching. Asian Social Science, 5(8), 168-165.
Duff, A., & Polio, G. (1990). How much foreign language is there in the foreign language classroom? The Modern Language Journal, 74(2), 154-166.
Ellis, R. (1984). Classroom second languages development. Oxford: Pergamon.
Hawkins, S. (2015). Guilt, missed opportunities, and false role models: A look at perceptions and use of the first language in English teaching in Japan, JALT Journal, 37(1), 29-37.
Krashen, S. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. New York: Pergamon Press.
Lee, E. P. (2001). The positive role of mother tongue as written form in English class. English Language and Literature Teaching, 7(1), 21-34. Lightbown, P. M., & Spada, N. (1999). How languages are learned (2nded.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Littlewood, W., & Yu, B. (2011). First language and target language in the foreign language classroom. Language Teacher, 44(1), 64-77.
McMillan, B., & Turnbull, M. (2009). Teachers' use of the first language in French immersion: Revisiting a core principle. In M. Turnbull & J. Dailey-O'Cain (Eds.), First language use in second and foreign language learning (pp. 15-34). Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
Meyer, H. (2008). The pedagogical implications of L1 use in the L2 classroom. Maebashi Kyoai Gakuen College Ronsyu, (8)147-159.
Mirbazel, K., Arjmandi, M., & Bazargani, D. (2016). The effect of phonemic awareness of English sounds on the improvement of reading ability of Iranian junior secondary program (JSP) students. Modern Journal of Language Teaching Methods (MJLTM), 6(4), 186-198.
Park, S. (2013). The use of students' first language in the EFL classroom in Korea. Humanizing Language Teaching, 15(2). Retrieved from http://iteslj.org/Articles/Weschler-UsingL1.html
Piaget, J. (1985). The equilibrium of cognitive structures: The central problem in cognitive development. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press.
Polio, C. G., & Duff, P. A. (1994). Teachers' language use in university foreign language classroom: A qualitative analysis of English and target language alternation. The Modern Language Journal, 78(3), 313-326.
Ray, A. (2015), Code switching: A positive strategy. International Multidisciplinary Journal, 4(2), 84- 89.
Selinker, L. (2008). Second language acquisition: An introductory course. New York: Routledge.
Srinivas, R. (2009). Teaching in multi-lingual context. Retrieved from www.eltweekly.com/2009/.../eltweekly-issue5-subscriber-space-an-article-by-dr-ranganaya
Stern, H. H. (1992), Issues and options in language teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (2013). A Vygotskyan sociocultural perspective on immersion education: The L1/L2 debate. Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education, 1(1), 101-129.
Tang, J. (2002). Using L1 in the English classroom. English Teaching Forum, 40(1), 36-43.
Tomlinson, B. (2013), Developing materials for language teaching. Chennai: Typeset by Newgen Knowledge Works (P) Ltd.
Turnbull, M. (2001). There is a role for the L1 in second and foreign language teaching. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 57(4), 531-540.
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Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Applied Linguistics and Language Research


text:
Q: d3 - understanding the documentation for d3.svg.line I must be missing something incredibly simple here. I'm wanting to use d3.svg.line to draw a line between two points. The documentation is below:

svg:line x1="0" y1="0" x2="0" y2="0"
  The line element defines a line segment that starts at one point and ends at another. The first point is specified using the x1 and y1 attributes, while the second point is specified using the x2 and y2 attributes. The line element is a popular choice for drawing rules, reference lines, axes and tick marks.

What I don't understand (given the lack of inline examples in the documentation) is how x1, y1, x2 and y2 fit in to the picture. All the examples using d3.svg.line that I saw don't use them at all, and instead use a data array and a function to draw a line between multiple points (eg. http://jsfiddle.net/5e2HD/1/ and https://www.dashingd3js.com/svg-paths-and-d3js).
Whenever I try to use x1, x2, y1, and y2 in any way (eg. setting them as attributes on my line, calling them as functions, passing them as parameters, etc) I get errors. How would you use d3.svg.line to simply create a straight line between two points, as the documentation seems to indicate it's meant for?

A: var svg = d3.select("body").append("svg")
    .attr("width", 500)
    .attr("height", 500);
svg.append("line").attr("x1",200).attr("y1",200).attr("x2",400).attr("y2",400).attr("style","stroke:rgb(255,0,0);stroke-width:2")

A: Hope this helps. Check the line generator function and the last part where I am adding the path

// The data for our line
var lineData = [{
    x: 50,
    y: 50
}, {
    x: 50,
    y: 100
}, {
    x: 100,
    y: 150
}, {
    x: 150,
    y: 175
}, {
    x: 225,
    y: 175
}];

// Set the size of our graph
var w = 500;
var h = 500;
var padding = 10;

// Line generator function
var line = d3.svg.line()
    .x(function (d) {
    return d.x;
})
    .y(function (d) {
    return d.y;
})

// SVG container
var svg = d3.select('#line')
    .append('svg')
    .attr({
    width: w,
    height: h
});

// Add the path
var path = svg.append('path')
    .attr("d", line(lineData))
    .attr("stroke", "blue")
    .attr("stroke-width", 2)
    .attr("fill", "none");

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text:
SHOW REVIEW: Deftones and Incubus | Hollywood Casino Amphitheatre | Tinley Park, IL
August 10, 2015 August 13, 2016 Terri
Photo Credit: Michael and Terri Gonzales
Written By: Michael and Terri Gonzales
California natives Deftones and Incubus have embarked on one of the summer's largest and most highly anticipated tours. This tour brings together two of the biggest and most influential bands in the heavy metal and alternative genres over the past twenty years bringing together southern California groove rockers Incubus along with the northern California heavy hitters Deftones. The tour recently made its way to the Hollywood Casino Amphitheatre in Tinley Park, Illinois on July 23 drawing a massive crowd. Along for touring support were a dynamic duo of two up and coming acts to keep an eye on, The Bots and Death From Above 1979. Amongst the immense crowd it was great to see a lot of older fans in attendance bringing their younger children to the show inspiring a whole new generation of fans. There was a wide variety of patrons jam packed in the venue and ready to go wild for Deftones and Incubus.
Deftones kicked things off hard and heavy from the get go opening with "Needles and Pins" sending the crowd into mass chaos. Bassist Sergio Vega was left with big shoes to fill in place of the late Chi Cheng, and did an excellent job with some intense screams on the backup vocals accompanied with heavy bass beats. The Deftones then went into "Bloody Cape" next and lead vocalist Chino Moreno was a screaming and thrashing frenzy about the stage ending the song with an intense slamming of the microphone. Moreno looked just as active on stage as he did nearly twenty years ago. Guitarist Stephen Carpenter headbanged away jamming out a heavy mix of Deftones hits seemingly off in his own world loving every moment of it. Drummer Abe Cunningham cranked out his signature styled rhythms holding down the beat in a manner that only he can.
Overall the Deftones looked and sounded great like the seasoned veterans that they are. Their unique blend of heavy thrash combined with ethereal and sonic sounding breakdowns enthralled the immense crowd. The Deftones played a wide variety of fan favorites performing seventeen songs in the end. The fans went wild for each and every track as the Deftones put on an incredible performance keeping the entire place banging their heads and screaming along together to classics new and old.
Closing out the evening was Incubus who took over the stage with an intense display of light and sound leading a countdown for their intro. Fans went wild as Incubus started off with the fan favorite "Nice to Know You" as countless patrons sang along in unison. Frontman Brandon Boyd's vocals pierced throughout the amphiteatre. Bassist Ben Kenney held down the grooves and backup vocals with his charismatic funk that fans love and expect. Meanwhile guitarist Mike Einziger dished out his technical wizard mastery on the guitar cranking out some of Incubus' most notorious hits.
Incubus played an intense set with a mix of old and new fan favorites. Their light show was top notch and left the band to look as if they had been transported into a psychedelic outer space realm of sorts all while staying in sync with their performance. Incubus performed an eclectic mix containing some of their slower groove and funk based anthems combined with some of their heaviest tracks as well. Their performance was spot on and showcased their wide range of musical talents.
In the end both Deftones and Incubus fans got more than they could have bargained for with two incredible headlining performances that lasted both well over an hour each, and also two great opening acts as well. The Bots, Death From Above 1979, Deftones, and Incubus all put on intense and one of a kind performances. This tour was one of the most highly anticipated tours of the summer, and certainly with good reason as Deftones and Incubus have shown once again that after easily twenty years of cranking out hits they still are not slowing down anytime soon. Be sure to catch the Deftones and Incubus tour for a one of a kind dual headlining show from two of heavy metal and alternatives greatest bands as the tour continues its way across the country as it will truly be a night of incredible performances to remember.
Reviews Chicago, DEFTONES, Incubus permalink
Neck Deep Premiere "Threat Level Midnight" + Announce Tour with Sleeping With Sirens & All Time Low
We Came As Romans Debut at #8 on the Billboard Top Current 200!

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text:
Kaitlyn Bristowe Calls Out 'Bachelorette' For Having Ben Higgins And Lauren Bushnell At JoJo Fletcher's Finale Special
Karen de Wilde
Kaitlyn Bristowe has called out The Bachelorette's producers for having Ben Higgins and Lauren Bushnell take part in JoJo Fletcher's After the Final Rose special. In her blog post recapping the finale special, Kaitlyn questioned the show's decision to have Ben and Lauren sit in the audience and give JoJo advice.
Fight for the fairytale, it does exist. ???? @JRodgers11 pic.twitter.com/TbayuDAZsK
— JoJo Fletcher (@JoelleFletcher) August 2, 2016
Kaitlyn pointed out that JoJo mentioned many times while filming the show how much Ben hurt her and so it must have been uncomfortable for her to have Ben sitting right there when she was celebrating her engagement to Jordan. Kaitlyn said that while she understands that Ben and Lauren were likely invited because they have a show to promote, she believes that having JoJo's family in the audience would have been more appropriate.
It seems that Kaitlyn, who got engaged to Shawn Booth on her finale and is still engaged to him today, knew that her blog post would cause some controversy, for she opened her blog post by making clear that she's grateful for having had the opportunity.
"The Bachelorette opened up many doors for me – and I'm grateful for that. I watched this season to show my support – I tweeted and blogged to share my take on JoJo and her guys. To be honest, the amount of anxiety it gave me was unhealthy. I know too much about what goes on – and sometimes it's hard when people's feelings are involved. I get it, Ben and Lauren have a show coming out and were likely invited to the finale to promote it, but I can't help and wonder how that made Lauren and Jordan feel … Ben was mentioned throughout this entire Bachelorette season of how he hurt JoJo. I just don't know how comfortable that could've been for anyone. Imagine announcing your engagement with your last ex sitting right in front of you! What about inviting JoJo's family?"
We are LIVE in studio on #TheBachelorette with lots of special guests! It's the most dramatic episode ever! pic.twitter.com/eL1vxwAIxW
— elan gale (@theyearofelan) August 1, 2016
On her Instagram post about her blog piece, Kaitlyn again reiterated that she's grateful for all the opportunities the show has given her and especially how it led her to Shawn. Kaitlyn admitted that she went back and forth on her blog piece because she didn't want to seem ungrateful.
https://www.instagram.com/p/BIx3BodDqgG/?taken-by=kaitlynbristowe&hl=en
Katilyn Bristowe's blog received a lot of comments. Many people agreed with Kaitlyn that it wasn't nice to JoJo Fletcher for the producers to bring on Ben Higgins and Lauren Bushnell and applauded her for having the guts to say it. Kaitlyn's blog also prompted many people to question why Ben and Lauren were given their own spin-off show, Ben and Lauren: Happily Ever After?, which will premiere on Freeform in October. People wrote that Ben and Lauren are too boring to watch and that Kaitlyn and Shawn Booth should have been given their own show. Yet there were also some people who criticized Kaitlyn as not being supportive of Ben and Lauren and jealous that they got invited to the special instead of her and Shawn.
Indeed, as the Inquisitr reported, as JoJo Fletcher's After the Finale special aired on Sunday night, both Kaitlyn and Shawn called out the show on Twitter for not inviting them. In response to a producer's tweet about Ben Higgins and Lauren Bushnell being the night's special guests, Shawn sarcastically tweeted that having the two of them there makes more sense than having the greatest Bachelorette, who obviously in his mind is Kaitlyn, there.
Kaitlyn Bristowe's blog about JoJo Fletcher's finale special may have actually been changed because the original post was too controversial. Kaitlyn originally posted her blog Saturday afternoon but it was taken down shortly afterwards. Many people told Kaitlyn, via Twitter and Instagram, that they couldn't find the finale recap and asked that she re-post the piece. Some questioned whether the show's producers, unhappy over what Kaitlyn wrote, forced her to take it down and change it before posting it again.
Or perhaps Kaitlyn just thought better of bringing her runner-up, Nick Viall, who clashed with Shawn Booth throughout their time together competing for Kaitlyn on The Bachelorette, into the discussion?
On Instagram, one viewer who read the original blog post commented that Kaitlyn took out a whole paragraph about Nick.
"mariaaah_michelle: She reuploaded it but took out a few things, including a whole paragraph about nick. I have the screenshots of her first post if anyone would like them! The producers didn't like her honesty I'm assuming????????"
On Twitter, another viewer mentioned what Kaitlyn Bristowe originally included in her blog about Nick Viall, who currently stars on season 3 of the spin-off Bachelor in Paradise. Apparently, Kaitlyn wrote about how Nick's family was invited to the After the Final Rose special but hers wasn't. Presumably, Kaitlyn did not like that and still has negative feelings about how Nick's family was there to watch her and Shawn Booth be together as an engaged couple for the first time since taping the season finale episode but hers wasn't.
@kaitlynbristowe @Shawn_Booth i never realized Nick's family was at ATFR and yours wasn't. ratings, man ????
— Accept This Blog (@acceptthisblog) August 6, 2016
https://www.instagram.com/p/5r0PVWMw2m/?taken-by=nickviall&hl=en
[Photo by Michael Loccisano/Getty Images]


Our retention rate of 75% is among the best in the industry, particularly in the major markets. Retention is a strategic priority for Adecco and is tracked on a quarterly basis across the Group. Almost 65% of our colleagues remain in the company for more than two years and approximately 44% for more than five years. In France – our largest market – close to 60% of our employees stay with us for more than 5 years and in Italy this figure is close to 70%.
Our goal is for Adecco to be recognised as an employer of choice, not just in our own industry, but alongside other world-leading companies. The Great Place to Work Trust Index® is an employee survey tool that measures the level of trust, pride and camaraderie within workplaces, a survey in which we have participated since 2004. The overall result for the Group improved by 11% in 2011, versus the prior year. The greatest improvement was seen in the dimensions respect and camaraderie. Through the Great Place to Work survey we are able to measure the engagement levels of our employees year over year. Based on the results we have developed action plans which we share on a regular basis across the Group.
In 2011 DIS AG in Germany ranked 1st on the Best Workplaces list in Germany and fourth on the European Best Workplaces list. In addition, Adecco Denmark, Adecco Netherlands and Tuja Germany were on the Best Workplaces lists in their respective countries. Office Angels, Adecco and Spring were on the Sunday Times Best Companies to Work For list in the UK. The secret to these successes is our open company culture which is firmly based on our Group values and our leadership principles; cool head, warm heart, working hands.


text:
package alluxio.proxy.s3;

import alluxio.AlluxioURI;
import alluxio.Configuration;
import alluxio.Constants;
import alluxio.PropertyKey;
import alluxio.client.WriteType;
import alluxio.client.file.FileInStream;
import alluxio.client.file.FileOutStream;
import alluxio.client.file.FileSystem;
import alluxio.client.file.URIStatus;
import alluxio.client.file.options.CreateDirectoryOptions;
import alluxio.client.file.options.CreateFileOptions;
import alluxio.client.file.options.DeleteOptions;
import alluxio.exception.AlluxioException;
import alluxio.exception.DirectoryNotEmptyException;
import alluxio.exception.FileAlreadyExistsException;
import alluxio.exception.FileDoesNotExistException;
import alluxio.exception.InvalidPathException;
import alluxio.web.ProxyWebServer;

import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding;
import com.google.common.io.ByteStreams;
import com.qmino.miredot.annotations.ReturnType;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.security.DigestOutputStream;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.util.ArrayDeque;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Queue;

import javax.annotation.concurrent.NotThreadSafe;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.ws.rs.Consumes;
import javax.ws.rs.DELETE;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.HEAD;
import javax.ws.rs.HeaderParam;
import javax.ws.rs.POST;
import javax.ws.rs.PUT;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.QueryParam;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Context;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;

/**
 * This class is a REST handler for Amazon S3 API.
 */
@NotThreadSafe
@Path(S3RestServiceHandler.SERVICE_PREFIX)
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)
@Consumes({ MediaType.TEXT_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_XML })
public final class S3RestServiceHandler {
  public static final String SERVICE_PREFIX = "s3";

  /**
   * Bucket must be a directory directly under a mount point. If it is under a non-root mount point,
   * the bucket separator must be used as the separator in the bucket name, for example,
   * mount:point:bucket represents Alluxio directory /mount/point/bucket.
   */
  public static final String BUCKET_SEPARATOR = ":";

  /* Bucket is the first component in the URL path. */
  public static final String BUCKET_PARAM = "{bucket}/";
  /* Object is after bucket in the URL path */
  public static final String OBJECT_PARAM = "{bucket}/{object:.+}";

  private final FileSystem mFileSystem;

  /**
   * Constructs a new {@link S3RestServiceHandler}.
   *
   * @param context context for the servlet
   */
  public S3RestServiceHandler(@Context ServletContext context) {
    mFileSystem =
        (FileSystem) context.getAttribute(ProxyWebServer.FILE_SYSTEM_SERVLET_RESOURCE_KEY);
  }

  /**
   * @summary creates a bucket
   * @param bucket the bucket name
   * @return the response object
   */
  @PUT
  @Path(BUCKET_PARAM)
  @ReturnType("java.lang.Void")
  public Response createBucket(@PathParam("bucket") final String bucket) {
    return S3RestUtils.call(bucket, new S3RestUtils.RestCallable<Response.Status>() {
      @Override
      public Response.Status call() throws S3Exception {
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(bucket, "required 'bucket' parameter is missing");
        String bucketPath = parseBucketPath(AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + bucket);

        // Create the bucket.
        CreateDirectoryOptions options = CreateDirectoryOptions.defaults()
            .setWriteType(getS3WriteType());
        try {
          mFileSystem.createDirectory(new AlluxioURI(bucketPath), options);
        } catch (Exception e) {
          throw toBucketS3Exception(e, bucketPath);
        }
        return Response.Status.OK;
      }
    });
  }

  /**
   * @summary deletes a bucket
   * @param bucket the bucket name
   * @return the response object
   */
  @DELETE
  @Path(BUCKET_PARAM)
  @ReturnType("java.lang.Void")
  public Response deleteBucket(@PathParam("bucket") final String bucket) {
    return S3RestUtils.call(bucket, new S3RestUtils.RestCallable<Response.Status>() {
      @Override
      public Response.Status call() throws S3Exception {
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(bucket, "required 'bucket' parameter is missing");
        String bucketPath = parseBucketPath(AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + bucket);

        checkBucketIsAlluxioDirectory(bucketPath);

        // Delete the bucket.
        DeleteOptions options = DeleteOptions.defaults();
        options.setAlluxioOnly(Configuration.get(PropertyKey.PROXY_S3_DELETE_TYPE)
            .equals(Constants.S3_DELETE_IN_ALLUXIO_ONLY));
        try {
          mFileSystem.delete(new AlluxioURI(bucketPath), options);
        } catch (Exception e) {
          throw toBucketS3Exception(e, bucketPath);
        }
        return Response.Status.NO_CONTENT;
      }
    });
  }

  /**
   * @summary gets a bucket and lists all the objects in it
   * @param bucket the bucket name
   * @param continuationToken the optional continuation token param
   * @param maxKeys the optional max keys param
   * @param prefix the optional prefix param
   * @return the response object
   */
  @GET
  @Path(BUCKET_PARAM)
  @ReturnType("alluxio.proxy.s3.ListBucketResult")
  // TODO(chaomin): consider supporting more request params like prefix and delimiter.
  public Response getBucket(@PathParam("bucket") final String bucket,
      @QueryParam("continuation-token") final String continuationToken,
      @QueryParam("max-keys") final String maxKeys,
      @QueryParam("prefix") final String prefix) {
    return S3RestUtils.call(bucket, new S3RestUtils.RestCallable<ListBucketResult>() {
      @Override
      public ListBucketResult call() throws S3Exception {
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(bucket, "required 'bucket' parameter is missing");
        String bucketPath = parseBucketPath(AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + bucket);

        checkBucketIsAlluxioDirectory(bucketPath);

        List<URIStatus> objects;
        ListBucketOptions listBucketOptions = ListBucketOptions.defaults()
            .setContinuationToken(continuationToken)
            .setMaxKeys(maxKeys)
            .setPrefix(prefix);
        try {
          objects = listObjects(new AlluxioURI(bucketPath), listBucketOptions);
          ListBucketResult response = new ListBucketResult(bucketPath, objects, listBucketOptions);
          return response;
        } catch (Exception e) {
          throw toBucketS3Exception(e, bucketPath);
        }
      }
    });
  }

  /**
   * @summary uploads an object or part of an object in multipart upload
   * @param contentMD5 the optional Base64 encoded 128-bit MD5 digest of the object
   * @param bucket the bucket name
   * @param object the object name
   * @param partNumber the identification of the part of the object in multipart upload,
   *                   otherwise null
   * @param uploadId the upload ID of the multipart upload, otherwise null
   * @param is the request body
   * @return the response object
   */
  @PUT
  @Path(OBJECT_PARAM)
  @ReturnType("java.lang.Void")
  @Consumes(MediaType.WILDCARD)
  public Response createObjectOrUploadPart(@HeaderParam("Content-MD5") final String contentMD5,
      @PathParam("bucket") final String bucket,
      @PathParam("object") final String object,
      @QueryParam("partNumber") final Integer partNumber,
      @QueryParam("uploadId") final Long uploadId,
      final InputStream is) {
    return S3RestUtils.call(bucket, new S3RestUtils.RestCallable<Response>() {
      @Override
      public Response call() throws S3Exception {
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(bucket, "required 'bucket' parameter is missing");
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(object, "required 'object' parameter is missing");
        Preconditions.checkArgument((partNumber == null && uploadId == null)
            || (partNumber != null && uploadId != null),
            "'partNumber' and 'uploadId' parameter should appear together or be "
            + "missing together.");

        String bucketPath = parseBucketPath(AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + bucket);
        checkBucketIsAlluxioDirectory(bucketPath);

        String objectPath = bucketPath + AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + object;
        if (partNumber != null) {
          // This object is part of a multipart upload, should be uploaded into the temporary
          // directory first.
          String tmpDir = S3RestUtils.getMultipartTemporaryDirForObject(bucketPath, object);
          checkUploadId(new AlluxioURI(tmpDir), uploadId);
          objectPath = tmpDir + AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + Integer.toString(partNumber);
        }
        AlluxioURI objectURI = new AlluxioURI(objectPath);

        try {
          CreateFileOptions options = CreateFileOptions.defaults().setRecursive(true)
              .setWriteType(getS3WriteType());
          FileOutStream os = mFileSystem.createFile(objectURI, options);
          MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
          DigestOutputStream digestOutputStream = new DigestOutputStream(os, md5);

          try {
            ByteStreams.copy(is, digestOutputStream);
          } finally {
            digestOutputStream.close();
          }

          byte[] digest = md5.digest();
          String base64Digest = BaseEncoding.base64().encode(digest);
          if (contentMD5 != null && !contentMD5.equals(base64Digest)) {
            // The object may be corrupted, delete the written object and return an error.
            try {
              mFileSystem.delete(objectURI);
            } catch (Exception e2) {
              // intend to continue and return BAD_DIGEST S3Exception.
            }
            throw new S3Exception(objectURI.getPath(), S3ErrorCode.BAD_DIGEST);
          }

          String entityTag = Hex.encodeHexString(digest);
          return Response.ok().tag(entityTag).build();
        } catch (Exception e) {
          throw toObjectS3Exception(e, objectPath);
        }
      }
    });
  }

  /**
   * @summary initiates or completes a multipart upload based on query parameters
   * @param bucket the bucket name
   * @param object the object name
   * @param uploads the query parameter specifying that this request is to initiate a multipart
   *                upload instead of uploading an object through HTTP multipart forms
   * @param uploadId the ID of the multipart upload to be completed
   * @return the response object
   */
  @POST
  @Path(OBJECT_PARAM)
  // TODO(cc): investigate on how to specify multiple return types, and how to decouple the REST
  // endpoints where the only difference is the query parameter.
  public Response initiateOrCompleteMultipartUpload(@PathParam("bucket") final String bucket,
      @PathParam("object") final String object, @QueryParam("uploads") final String uploads,
      @QueryParam("uploadId") final Long uploadId) {
    Preconditions.checkArgument(uploads != null || uploadId != null,
        "parameter 'uploads' or 'uploadId' should exist");
    if (uploads != null) {
      return initiateMultipartUpload(bucket, object);
    } else {
      return completeMultipartUpload(bucket, object, uploadId);
    }
  }

  private Response initiateMultipartUpload(final String bucket, final String object) {
    return S3RestUtils.call(bucket, new S3RestUtils.RestCallable<InitiateMultipartUploadResult>() {
      @Override
      public InitiateMultipartUploadResult call() throws S3Exception {
        String bucketPath = parseBucketPath(AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + bucket);
        checkBucketIsAlluxioDirectory(bucketPath);
        String objectPath = bucketPath + AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + object;
        AlluxioURI multipartTemporaryDir =
            new AlluxioURI(S3RestUtils.getMultipartTemporaryDirForObject(bucketPath, object));

        try {
          mFileSystem.createDirectory(multipartTemporaryDir);
          // Use the file ID of multipartTemporaryDir as the upload ID.
          long uploadId = mFileSystem.getStatus(multipartTemporaryDir).getFileId();
          return new InitiateMultipartUploadResult(bucket, object, Long.toString(uploadId));
        } catch (Exception e) {
          throw toObjectS3Exception(e, objectPath);
        }
      }
    });
  }

  // TODO(cc): support the options in the XML request body defined in
  // http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/mpUploadComplete.html, currently, the parts
  // under the temporary multipart upload directory are combined into the final object.
  private Response completeMultipartUpload(final String bucket, final String object,
      final long uploadId) {
    return S3RestUtils.call(bucket, new S3RestUtils.RestCallable<CompleteMultipartUploadResult>() {
      @Override
      public CompleteMultipartUploadResult call() throws S3Exception {
        String bucketPath = parseBucketPath(AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + bucket);
        checkBucketIsAlluxioDirectory(bucketPath);
        String objectPath = bucketPath + AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + object;
        AlluxioURI multipartTemporaryDir =
            new AlluxioURI(S3RestUtils.getMultipartTemporaryDirForObject(bucketPath, object));
        checkUploadId(multipartTemporaryDir, uploadId);

        try {
          List<URIStatus> parts = mFileSystem.listStatus(multipartTemporaryDir);
          Collections.sort(parts, new URIStatusNameComparator());

          CreateFileOptions options = CreateFileOptions.defaults().setRecursive(true)
              .setWriteType(getS3WriteType());
          FileOutStream os = mFileSystem.createFile(new AlluxioURI(objectPath), options);
          MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
          DigestOutputStream digestOutputStream = new DigestOutputStream(os, md5);

          try {
            for (URIStatus part : parts) {
              try (FileInStream is = mFileSystem.openFile(new AlluxioURI(part.getPath()))) {
                ByteStreams.copy(is, digestOutputStream);
              }
            }
          } finally {
            digestOutputStream.close();
          }

          mFileSystem.delete(multipartTemporaryDir, DeleteOptions.defaults().setRecursive(true));

          String entityTag = Hex.encodeHexString(md5.digest());
          return new CompleteMultipartUploadResult(objectPath, bucket, object, entityTag);
        } catch (Exception e) {
          throw toObjectS3Exception(e, objectPath);
        }
      }
    });
  }

  /**
   * @summary retrieves an object's metadata
   * @param bucket the bucket name
   * @param object the object name
   * @return the response object
   */
  @HEAD
  @Path(OBJECT_PARAM)
  @ReturnType("java.lang.Void")
  public Response getObjectMetadata(@PathParam("bucket") final String bucket,
      @PathParam("object") final String object) {
    return S3RestUtils.call(bucket, new S3RestUtils.RestCallable<Response>() {
      @Override
      public Response call() throws S3Exception {
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(bucket, "required 'bucket' parameter is missing");
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(object, "required 'object' parameter is missing");

        String bucketPath = parseBucketPath(AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + bucket);
        checkBucketIsAlluxioDirectory(bucketPath);
        String objectPath = bucketPath + AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + object;
        AlluxioURI objectURI = new AlluxioURI(objectPath);

        try {
          URIStatus status = mFileSystem.getStatus(objectURI);
          // TODO(cc): Consider how to respond with the object's ETag.
          return Response.ok()
              .lastModified(new Date(status.getLastModificationTimeMs()))
              .header(S3Constants.S3_CONTENT_LENGTH_HEADER, status.getLength())
              .build();
        } catch (Exception e) {
          throw toObjectS3Exception(e, objectPath);
        }
      }
    });
  }

  /**
   * @summary downloads an object or list parts of the object in multipart upload
   * @param bucket the bucket name
   * @param object the object name
   * @param uploadId the ID of the multipart upload, if not null, listing parts of the object
   * @return the response object
   */
  @GET
  @Path(OBJECT_PARAM)
  @Produces({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM})
  public Response getObjectOrListParts(@PathParam("bucket") final String bucket,
      @PathParam("object") final String object, @QueryParam("uploadId") final Long uploadId) {
    Preconditions.checkNotNull(bucket, "required 'bucket' parameter is missing");
    Preconditions.checkNotNull(object, "required 'object' parameter is missing");

    if (uploadId != null) {
      return listParts(bucket, object, uploadId);
    } else {
      return getObject(bucket, object);
    }
  }

  // TODO(cc): support paging during listing parts, currently, all parts are returned at once.
  private Response listParts(final String bucket, final String object, final long uploadId) {
    return S3RestUtils.call(bucket, new S3RestUtils.RestCallable<ListPartsResult>() {
      @Override
      public ListPartsResult call() throws S3Exception {
        String bucketPath = parseBucketPath(AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + bucket);
        checkBucketIsAlluxioDirectory(bucketPath);

        AlluxioURI tmpDir = new AlluxioURI(
            S3RestUtils.getMultipartTemporaryDirForObject(bucketPath, object));
        checkUploadId(tmpDir, uploadId);

        try {
          List<URIStatus> statuses = mFileSystem.listStatus(tmpDir);
          Collections.sort(statuses, new URIStatusNameComparator());

          List<ListPartsResult.Part> parts = new ArrayList<>();
          for (URIStatus status : statuses) {
            parts.add(ListPartsResult.Part.fromURIStatus(status));
          }

          ListPartsResult result = new ListPartsResult();
          result.setBucket(bucketPath);
          result.setKey(object);
          result.setUploadId(Long.toString(uploadId));
          result.setParts(parts);
          return result;
        } catch (Exception e) {
          throw toObjectS3Exception(e, tmpDir.getPath());
        }
      }
    });
  }

  private Response getObject(final String bucket, final String object) {
    return S3RestUtils.call(bucket, new S3RestUtils.RestCallable<Response>() {
      @Override
      public Response call() throws S3Exception {

        String bucketPath = parseBucketPath(AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + bucket);
        checkBucketIsAlluxioDirectory(bucketPath);
        String objectPath = bucketPath + AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + object;
        AlluxioURI objectURI = new AlluxioURI(objectPath);

        try {
          URIStatus status = mFileSystem.getStatus(objectURI);
          FileInStream is = mFileSystem.openFile(objectURI);
          // TODO(cc): Consider how to respond with the object's ETag.
          return Response.ok(is)
              .lastModified(new Date(status.getLastModificationTimeMs()))
              .header(S3Constants.S3_CONTENT_LENGTH_HEADER, status.getLength())
              .build();
        } catch (Exception e) {
          throw toObjectS3Exception(e, objectPath);
        }
      }
    });
  }

  /**
   * @summary deletes a object
   * @param bucket the bucket name
   * @param object the object name
   * @param uploadId the upload ID which identifies the incomplete multipart upload to be aborted
   * @return the response object
   */
  @DELETE
  @Path(OBJECT_PARAM)
  @ReturnType("java.lang.Void")
  public Response deleteObjectOrAbortMultipartUpload(@PathParam("bucket") final String bucket,
      @PathParam("object") final String object, @QueryParam("uploadId") final Long uploadId) {
    return S3RestUtils.call(bucket, new S3RestUtils.RestCallable<Response.Status>() {
      @Override
      public Response.Status call() throws S3Exception {
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(bucket, "required 'bucket' parameter is missing");
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(object, "required 'object' parameter is missing");

        if (uploadId != null) {
          abortMultipartUpload(bucket, object, uploadId);
        } else {
          deleteObject(bucket, object);
        }

        // Note: the normal response for S3 delete key is 204 NO_CONTENT, not 200 OK
        return Response.Status.NO_CONTENT;
      }
    });
  }

  // TODO(cc): Support automatic abortion after a timeout.
  private void abortMultipartUpload(String bucket, String object, long uploadId)
      throws S3Exception {
    String bucketPath = parseBucketPath(AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + bucket);
    checkBucketIsAlluxioDirectory(bucketPath);
    String objectPath = bucketPath + AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + object;
    AlluxioURI multipartTemporaryDir =
        new AlluxioURI(S3RestUtils.getMultipartTemporaryDirForObject(bucketPath, object));
    checkUploadId(multipartTemporaryDir, uploadId);

    try {
      mFileSystem.delete(multipartTemporaryDir, DeleteOptions.defaults().setRecursive(true));
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw toObjectS3Exception(e, objectPath);
    }
  }

  private void deleteObject(String bucket, String object) throws S3Exception {
    String bucketPath = parseBucketPath(AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + bucket);
    // Delete the object.
    String objectPath = bucketPath + AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR + object;
    DeleteOptions options = DeleteOptions.defaults();
    options.setAlluxioOnly(Configuration.get(PropertyKey.PROXY_S3_DELETE_TYPE)
        .equals(Constants.S3_DELETE_IN_ALLUXIO_ONLY));
    try {
      mFileSystem.delete(new AlluxioURI(objectPath), options);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw toObjectS3Exception(e, objectPath);
    }
  }

  private S3Exception toBucketS3Exception(Exception exception, String resource) {
    try {
      throw exception;
    } catch (S3Exception e) {
      return e;
    } catch (DirectoryNotEmptyException e) {
      return new S3Exception(resource, S3ErrorCode.BUCKET_NOT_EMPTY);
    } catch (FileAlreadyExistsException e) {
      return new S3Exception(resource, S3ErrorCode.BUCKET_ALREADY_EXISTS);
    } catch (FileDoesNotExistException e) {
      return new S3Exception(resource, S3ErrorCode.NO_SUCH_BUCKET);
    } catch (InvalidPathException e) {
      return new S3Exception(resource, S3ErrorCode.INVALID_BUCKET_NAME);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      return new S3Exception(e, resource, S3ErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR);
    }
  }

  private S3Exception toObjectS3Exception(Exception exception, String resource) {
    try {
      throw exception;
    } catch (S3Exception e) {
      return e;
    } catch (DirectoryNotEmptyException e) {
      return new S3Exception(resource, S3ErrorCode.PRECONDITION_FAILED);
    } catch (FileDoesNotExistException e) {
      return new S3Exception(resource, S3ErrorCode.NO_SUCH_KEY);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      return new S3Exception(e, resource, S3ErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR);
    }
  }

  private String parseBucketPath(String bucketPath) throws S3Exception {
    if (!bucketPath.contains(BUCKET_SEPARATOR)) {
      return bucketPath;
    }
    String normalizedPath = bucketPath.replace(BUCKET_SEPARATOR, AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR);
    checkNestedBucketIsUnderMountPoint(normalizedPath);
    return normalizedPath;
  }

  private void checkNestedBucketIsUnderMountPoint(String bucketPath) throws S3Exception {
    // Assure that the bucket is directly under a mount point.
    AlluxioURI parent = new AlluxioURI(bucketPath).getParent();
    try {
      if (!mFileSystem.getMountTable().containsKey(parent.getPath())) {
        throw new S3Exception(bucketPath, S3ErrorCode.INVALID_NESTED_BUCKET_NAME);
      }
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw toBucketS3Exception(e, bucketPath);
    }
  }

  private void checkBucketIsAlluxioDirectory(String bucketPath) throws S3Exception {
    try {
      URIStatus status = mFileSystem.getStatus(new AlluxioURI(bucketPath));
      if (!status.isFolder()) {
        throw new InvalidPathException("Bucket name is not a valid Alluxio directory.");
      }
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw toBucketS3Exception(e, bucketPath);
    }
  }

  private void checkUploadId(AlluxioURI multipartTemporaryDir, long uploadId) throws S3Exception {
    try {
      if (!mFileSystem.exists(multipartTemporaryDir)) {
        throw new S3Exception(multipartTemporaryDir.getPath(), S3ErrorCode.NO_SUCH_UPLOAD);
      }
      long tmpDirId = mFileSystem.getStatus(multipartTemporaryDir).getFileId();
      if (uploadId != tmpDirId) {
        throw new S3Exception(multipartTemporaryDir.getPath(), S3ErrorCode.NO_SUCH_UPLOAD);
      }
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw toObjectS3Exception(e, multipartTemporaryDir.getPath());
    }
  }

  private List<URIStatus> listObjects(AlluxioURI uri, ListBucketOptions listBucketOptions)
      throws FileDoesNotExistException, IOException, AlluxioException {
    List<URIStatus> objects = new ArrayList<>();
    Queue<URIStatus> traverseQueue = new ArrayDeque<>();

    List<URIStatus> children;
    String prefix = listBucketOptions.getPrefix();
    if (prefix != null && prefix.contains(AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR)) {
      AlluxioURI prefixDirUri = new AlluxioURI(uri.getPath() + AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR
          + prefix.substring(0, prefix.lastIndexOf(AlluxioURI.SEPARATOR)));
      children = mFileSystem.listStatus(prefixDirUri);
    } else {
      children = mFileSystem.listStatus(uri);
    }
    traverseQueue.addAll(children);
    while (!traverseQueue.isEmpty()) {
      URIStatus cur = traverseQueue.remove();
      if (!cur.isFolder()) {
        // Alluxio file is an object.
        objects.add(cur);
      } else if (!cur.getName().endsWith(Constants.S3_MULTIPART_TEMPORARY_DIR_SUFFIX)) {
        // The directory is not a temporary directory of multipart upload, list recursively.
        List<URIStatus> curChildren = mFileSystem.listStatus(new AlluxioURI(cur.getPath()));
        if (curChildren.isEmpty()) {
          // An empty Alluxio directory is considered as a valid object.
          objects.add(cur);
        } else {
          traverseQueue.addAll(curChildren);
        }
      }
    }
    return objects;
  }

  private WriteType getS3WriteType() {
    return Configuration.getEnum(PropertyKey.PROXY_S3_WRITE_TYPE, WriteType.class);
  }

  private class URIStatusNameComparator implements Comparator<URIStatus> {
    @Override
    public int compare(URIStatus o1, URIStatus o2) {
      long part1 = Long.parseLong(o1.getName());
      long part2 = Long.parseLong(o2.getName());
      if (part1 == part2) {
        return 0;
      }
      if (part1 < part2) {
        return -1;
      }
      return 1;
    }
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


When and where did you begin this sport? He took up the sport at age 10.
Reason for choosing this sport "Since I was a kid I was always active with sports. When I was at junior level coach Kosta Poltavets advised me to train in short track, because my turns were very good."


The Industrial Internet of Things (the "IIoT") involves the introduction of the internet to a series of devices, machines or other mechanisms that are able to communicate with each other via the internet. In other words, it's updating the industrial and manufacturing industries in conjunction with the digital era.
The IIoT is a somewhat abstract concept as its applications are practically infinite. Imagine the way a flight path is monitored from the ground; the plane is able to send vital communications and information via digital communication, even without the intervention of the flight crew. These same measures have been applied to the way the manufacturing industry works, revolutionizing the world of engineering and manufacturing through digital communication.
Machine learning and machine to machine communication allow the IIoT to be possible. These processes enhance the industrial world, reducing human error and maximizing efficiency. While the IIoT has existed for years, a recent technological explosion of progress has occurred, allowing for the IIoT to be one of the most exciting fields of study for scholars around the world, on the cutting edge of technology. Think of the way 3D printing has changed the world. Now, imagine the processes that took 3D printing from an idea to a working possibility.
The IIoT has made the world a more efficient place. From a simple perspective, it greatly reduces the risk of human error. Without the IIoT, the automation that has made daily life so much simpler and more convenient would be impossible. Prescriptions are filled automatically; text message reminders allow critical deadlines to be met; heart rates are monitored through wearable devices and the manufacturing world has been completely and utterly transformed. While technology has its inherent vulnerabilities and pitfalls, the science, safety and security of the IIoT are ever improving with time. Security vulnerabilities are easily identified and corrected, offering opportunities for learning and improvement. IIoT has also been proven to save on cost, energy and efficiency, resulting in greener, more environmentally manufacturing processes.
Without IIoT, advances in robotics would be virtually impossible. From military applications to machine learning, robotics would be utterly impossible without the communication facilitated by the IIoT. Other fields would grind to a halt without the IIoT. Everything from fleet management and logistics to shopping online would grind to a halt if simple messages were unable to pass from one device to another. From managing a supply chain to maintaining the security of an office, the IIoT changes everything it touches, allowing for information and analytics to be processed instantly, this allowing for information to be readily available at any given moment.
The IIoT is still changing and developing, the new frontier of the information era. From secure, remote servers to driverless cars, the possibilities of the IIoT are virtually limitless. The IIoT has allowed all aspects of the workplace to operate more securely, allowing huge amounts of data to be processed and understood instantaneously. The IIoT represents the optimization of human ingenuity with the remarkable possibilities of AI and machine learning.


text:
/* Code generated by IfcQuery EXPRESS generator, www.ifcquery.com */

#pragma once
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include "ifcpp/model/GlobalDefines.h"
#include "ifcpp/model/BasicTypes.h"
#include "ifcpp/model/BuildingObject.h"

namespace IFC4X3
{
	// TYPE IfcBooleanOperator = ENUMERATION OF	(DIFFERENCE	,INTERSECTION	,UNION);
	class IFCQUERY_EXPORT IfcBooleanOperator : virtual public BuildingObject
	{
	public:
		enum IfcBooleanOperatorEnum
		{
			ENUM_DIFFERENCE,
			ENUM_INTERSECTION,
			ENUM_UNION
		};

		IfcBooleanOperator() = default;
		IfcBooleanOperator( IfcBooleanOperatorEnum e ) { m_enum = e; }
		virtual uint32_t classID() const { return 3054888242; }
		virtual shared_ptr<BuildingObject> getDeepCopy( BuildingCopyOptions& options );
		virtual void getStepParameter( std::stringstream& stream, bool is_select_type = false ) const;
		static shared_ptr<IfcBooleanOperator> createObjectFromSTEP( const std::string& arg, const std::map<int,shared_ptr<BuildingEntity> >& map, std::stringstream& errorStream );
		IfcBooleanOperatorEnum m_enum;
	};
}


Blinking helps in keep your eyes hydrated and get rid of irritation and dryness. While staring at a screen, we tend to blink way lesser than we usually would which is why eyes dry out and start feeling sore. Blinking keeps your eyes moist and helps them refocus better.
Follow the 20-20-20 rule when it comes to your Smartphone. This rule states that after staring at a screen for 20 minutes, look away from it for 20 seconds and try and concentrate on something that is 20 feet away. This helps your eye muscles relax and removes the soreness from your overworked eyes.
Related Posts: Professional burnout: what it is and how to deal with it?
Your brightness is adjustable, so, why not use that feature to the fullest. Staring at a screen too bright or too dark can rip your eyes of moisture and cause problems in maintaining focus. All you need to do is go to settings and adjust it according to the light around you for better focus. However, most people use their phone in the dark on the bed which has been proven to cause insomnia.
Using the resizing tool to enlarge the text is a good idea as now you will not have to strain your eyes to read something minuscule. Also, this makes reading messages and e-mail on the phone way easier.
Since you spend so much time with/on it, why not spend some removing dust, smudges, and fingerprints? This will help you read things better and is more hygienic.
You do not have to hold the smartphone screen in front of your face to read something. Maintain a decent distance which helps you read stuff and doesn't over strain your eyes either. A distance of 16-18 inches is considered perfect.


text:
Q: How to use JNDI in jms i am learning JMS tried a simple example below but it gives error
package pointToPoint;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.jms.Queue;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import javax.jms.QueueSession;
import javax.jms.QueueReceiver;
import javax.jms.QueueConnection;
import javax.jms.QueueConnectionFactory;

public class Receiver
{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
    {
       // get the initial context
       InitialContext ctx = new InitialContext();

       // lookup the queue object
       Queue queue = (Queue) ctx.lookup("queue/queue0");

       // lookup the queue connection factory
       QueueConnectionFactory connFactory = (QueueConnectionFactory) ctx.
           lookup("queue/connectionFactory");

       // create a queue connection
       QueueConnection queueConn = connFactory.createQueueConnection();

       // create a queue session
       QueueSession queueSession = queueConn.createQueueSession(false,
           Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);

       // create a queue receiver
       QueueReceiver queueReceiver = queueSession.createReceiver(queue);

       // start the connection
       queueConn.start();

       // receive a message
       TextMessage message = (TextMessage) queueReceiver.receive();

       // print the message
       System.out.println("received: " + message.getText());

       // close the queue connection
       queueConn.close();
    }
}

error message:
Exception in thread "main" javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file:  java.naming.factory.initial
    at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(Unknown Source)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(Unknown Source)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(Unknown Source)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(Unknown Source)
    at pointToPoint.Receiver.main(Receiver.java:22)

can anyone please help me with this.

A: The answer is in the stack trace. In a stand-alone application, you should pass an environment (implementation, urls, etc) to the InitialContext. Inside a J2EE container like JBoss, your code will work.
This should help:
NoInitialContextException error

A: What the responder above meant was that the tutorial would help you send messages to a receiver on the same application server.  A lot more is needed for remote lookups


From Interstate 10 Frontage Road and N Gessner Road, Houston, Texas, drive east on Interstate 10 Frontage Road E. Take the Interstate 10 E ramp to your left. Merge onto I-10 E. Take exit 765B toward N Durham Dr/N Shepherd Drive. Merge onto Katy Freeway Service Road. Make a right turn onto Durham Drive. Make a left turn onto Dickson Street. Make a right turn onto Jackson Hill St. Jackson Hill Apartments will be on the left.
Jackson Hill is a gated luxury community that is located at 320 Jackson Hill St, Houston, TX 77007, which is the heart of downtown Houston. The 316 unit, four-story apartment home community has gorgeous landscaped grounds and covered, assigned parking for residents.
The apartment homes range in size from 655 square feet to 1,592 square feet and come equipped with ceiling fans that complement the nine to ten-foot ceilings in each spacious room. Each unit's gourmet kitchen blends functionality with beauty by integrating Italian porcelain tile floors, granite countertops and custom cabinets with stainless steel black appliances and track lighting.
First-floor residents have the convenience of a full-size washer and dryer in each apartment and all residents can use their terrace or balcony to enjoy spectacular views of the surrounding area. The property also has complimentary community amenities that provide extra enjoyment for residents, including, a fully equipped fitness center, a resident club room that provides free bicycles for rent, a business center and a resort-style swimming pool.
The property is only minutes away from over 200 hotspots, restaurants and clubs because it is conveniently located between Washington Ave and Memorial Drive. The staff prides themselves on resident satisfaction by providing online payment options, award-winning 24-hour on-site maintenance and maintaining a high level of friendly service.


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West Bengal is in Northeast India. It is the country's fourth largest region and the third most economically powerful, after Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh. Its capital is the celebrated city of Kolkata (formerly Calcutta).
Bengal prospered in the 13th century under the Mughal Empire. Under British rule, from the late 18th century, Calcutta was the capital of India. When India gained independence in 1947, Bengal was split in two, the eastern part, with a Muslim majority, becoming part of Pakistan (and later gaining independence as Bangladesh) and the mainly Hindu western part becoming the Indian State of West Bengal.
Kolkata – Calcutta
Everyone arriving in Kolkata for the first time totes a bagful of preconceptions, mostly from books or films such as City of Joy. It's true that, like all of India's megacities, it has its less attractive sides. But once tamed it reveals an atmosphere that's all its own. To appreciate its charm, take a stroll around Chowringhee and Market Street or share a moment of adda with local people. The home town of Rabindranath Tagore will surprise you…
Sundarbans
Even if the royal Bengal tiger never shows his furry face, this trip among the mangroves will leave you with some totally enchanted memories. The Sundarbans is the largest salt-tolerant mangrove forest in the world and has been a Unesco World heritage site since 1997. The mangrove lies on the delta of the rivers Padma, Brahmaputra and Meghna where they join the Bay of Bengal. The forest covers 10,000km2, 6000 of which are in Bangladesh…


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Q: How do I stop the re-rendering of my react component? It rerenders for every object in a drop down After building the homepage of my website I finally figured out how to dynamically navigate to other pages. I wanted the browser to render the State homepage when a user clicked on a dropdown and selected a state. The navigation works, but it re-renders the component 50 times which I do not understand. I suspect it is due to the map function that is creating the menuitems. I could build out 50 individual menuitems but that is really ugly.
I am just starting out learning React. I have 7 YRS experience in backend development, but I am still trying to get a handle on React development. I have created a wepage with Material UI that has a dropdown that looks like this
<FormControl>
  <InputLabel>Select a State</InputLabel>
  <Select value={location} onChange={selectionChangeHandler}>
    {locations.map((value) => (
     <MenuItem value={value.toLowerCase()} key={value.toLowerCase()} component={Link} to={`${value.toLowerCase()}/home`} >
      {value}
     </MenuItem>
    ))}
  </Select>
</FormControl>

This returns a dropdown with the 50 states in it. When the user clicks on a state I want the program to route to that page on click. This dynamic routing works BUT. It re-renders my component 50 times. I think this is happening because the dropdown is being built inside of a .map functions and there are 50 entries in that list.
I can remove the map function and hardcode in 50 menuitems but that is ugly.
Here is my onChange Function
const selectionChangeHandler = (event) => {
console.log(event.target.value)
}

I have also tried removing the component={Link} and using the useNavigate hook in the selectionChangeHandler like so
const selectionChangeHandler = (event) => {
    console.log(event.target.value)
    setlocation(event.target.value)
    link = `${event.target.value}/home`
    navigate(link)

  }

This works but also renders 50 times. I am at a loss.
I cross posted the above to reddit and then I researched a little more. It turns out in React. When a parent component's state is updated it re-renders all child components. This may be what is going on here, but I do not know how to fix it. Even if I pass the state as a prop to the child component I still have to link to the correct page.
I am kind of nervous about posting I really tried to put work into solving my own problem before reaching out for help, and I might be reaching out for help a lot as I learn. I am committed to learning, but some problems I just cannot figure out on my own.
Link to Code Link to Code

A: The problem here is inside StateHome.js. You use a naked axios.get call directly in your component so it's going to re-render anytime the component changes from state change.
When you get the results you set state inside the same component  which re-renders the component, which then re-runs the axios.get call, causing the loop.
I understand you want to call that endpoint when someone lands on the /alabama/home page. To tell React "Do this one time when the component loads" you must use a useEffect with an empty dependency array. So instead of this:
const StateHome = () => {
  const { location } = useParams();
  const [PageData, SetPageData] = useState();
  axios.get(`http://localhost:4000/${location}/home`).then((response) => {
    console.log(response.data);
    console.log(response.status);
    console.log(response.statusText);
    console.log(response.headers);
    console.log(response.config);
    SetPageData(response.data);
  });
  return
This is my State Home Page Component for State {location}
;
};

You need to use this:
const StateHome = () => {
  console.log("StateHome");
  const { location } = useParams();
  const [PageData, SetPageData] = useState();

  useEffect(() => {
    axios.get(`http://localhost:4000/${location}/home`).then((response) => {
      console.log(response.data);
      console.log(response.status);
      console.log(response.statusText);
      console.log(response.headers);
      console.log(response.config);
      SetPageData(response.data);
    });
  }, []); // <--- indicates "on mount", loads once regadless of other side-effects (setState)

  return
This is my State Home Page Component for State {location}
;
};


Shoplifting is considered stealing in Missouri. Shoplifting is a Class A misdemeanor if the value of the property involved is less than $500 and does not involve dangerous items like firearms. If convicted for shoplifting, you could face up to a year in jail and a fine of up to $1,000. Additionally, if you have a charge of stealing on your criminal record you may encounter difficulties finding a job, renting an apartment, or qualifying for certain kinds of student financial aid. At the Weber Law Firm, L.C., we've defended numerous people accused of shoplifting. In most cases, retailers do not want to waste time and money on a shoplifting case. As a result, it may be possible to reach an agreement with a retailer that involves dropping the charges altogether. If the charges aren't dropped, the county prosecutor may be persuaded to reduce the sentence against you if you agree to perform community service or seek counseling.
If you've been arrested for shoplifting, contact St. Peters, Missouri shoplifting attorney Matt Weber today to schedule a confidential consultation to discuss your case to learn how we can help you.
I Received a Letter From the Store -- Should I Pay Them?
It's not uncommon for stores to send someone caught shoplifting in their store a letter asking them to pay a certain amount to avoid paying civil damages later. Most people mistakenly believe if they pay the amount requested, the matter will be resolved and they won't have to go to court. In reality, your criminal case is a separate issue from any civil proceedings brought against you. Consequently, even if you pay a retailer the amount requested you still have to resolve the shoplifting charge against you in criminal court.
In most cases, however, retailers are not willing to invest money and time pursuing civil damages against someone accused of shoplifting in their store. For this reason, it's important to consult our attorney, who can evaluate your case and discuss the options available to you. Since Matt has represented numerous people arrested for shoplifting, he can review the letter sent to you and advise you as to whether you should respond to it or resolve the matter through other means.
If you've been arrested for shoplifting, contact St. Peters' criminal defense attorney Matt Weber today to schedule a free consultation to discuss your case. In some cases, if store security violated your rights or acted improperly, the charges against you may be dismissed. Don't plead "guilty" to a shoplifting charge until you've consulted an attorney first -- it can mean the difference between a reduced sentence or charge and additional, unwanted legal complications.


Not to be outdone we also have one of our talented Masters swimmers, Sarah Brooksbank at the world masters in Budapest on the 19th and 20th August swimming her favoured 200 breast and 50 breast.
Last year we had one swimmer entering 1 event, this year 3 swimmers entering 7 National events and 1 swimmer entering 2 world events............next year?
Conor Freeman 100 free, 200 IM 100 back and 100 breast.
Conor has also been selected for the East Midlands team taking part in the Special Olympics in Sheffield the following week.
Lucy Sharp who swims with the multi squad twice a week is also off to Turkey representing GB in the Deaf World Games.
It's a testament to the hard work put in by coaches Jill & Su, their helpers and the swimmers who give their all in training.
We are now seeking a highly motivated Head Coach, with good communication skills looking to gain coaching recognition with a club competing on the national stage.
Counties are over, coaches have had a day off, and the results are in.
What an absolutely fantastic 4 weekends Penguins had.
Over 96% of swims were personal bests, all the more remarkable as some were less than 4 weeks old, the remaining 4% of swims were on current PB's.
County champions in 6 events, runners up in 3 more, swimmers in the top 5 GB rankings and if that wasn't enough coach Richard qualified as a J1 and Gary Samuel qualified as a J2 judge..
Amongst some of the many highlights for the coaches was seeing distance swimmer Isaac Von Fintel make the 100 free & fly finals.
A very consistent performance from Joey Tippin throughout the whole series of weekends saw him win the junior boys title for the second year running, thoroughly deserved.
Masters swimmer Sarah Brooksbank make the Ladies open 100 breast final, up against swimmers half her age.
Boys captain Josh Tapsell hitting his PB's despite after recovering from a virus and only having a cast removed from his broken arm a few days before, testament to the hard work that he'd put in each session kicking to keep his fitness levels up. Although every stroke resulted in a wince from the coaches!!
Too many Midlands qualifying times to mention, further improvement on last year.
And all of this at a non-targeted meet for the club, meaning there was no tapering, no let up in training for the swimmers which makes it all the more amazing at the results achieved.
All those hard sessions and early mornings paid off! For coaches and swimmers. Well done to you all and a massive thanks to all of our volunteers who make this happen, you rock..
We would like to invite you to our 2017 Presentation and Awards Evening and AGM.
All swimmers and their families are welcome and we do hope you can make it.
Our AGM will be held prior to the evening started at the same venue (from 6pm-7pm). More details regarding the AGM will follow in due course.


text:
Johnny Dunn (February 19, 1897 – August 20, 1937) was an American traditional jazz trumpeter and vaudeville performer, who was born in Memphis, Tennessee.  He is probably best known for his work during the 1920s with musicians such as Perry Bradford or Noble Sissle.  He has been compared in sound and style to both King Oliver and Louis Armstrong. In 1922, he recorded as a member of Mamie Smith's Jazz Hounds,  together with Garvin Bushell, Coleman Hawkins, Everett Robbins, Bubber Miley and Herb Flemming.

As bandleader
As a bandleader, he led the following lineups:
Johnny Dunn's Original Jazz Hounds (1921-3): Perry Bradford, Herschel Brassfield, Elmer Chambers, Charlie Dixon, Earl Granstaff, Ernest Ellis, Herb Flemming, Robert Horton, Harry Hull, Charles E. Jackson, George Mitchell, Rollen Smith, Dan Wilson, Sam Wooding, George Rickson, and Bob Ricketts (arranger)
Johnny Dunn and his Jazz Band (1923): Sam Speed, Leroy Tibbs, others unknown
Johnny Dunn and his Original Jazz Band (1923): Perry Bradford, Herschel Brassfield, Earl Granstaff, Harry Hull, George Mitchell, Rollen Smith, George Rickson, Sam Speed and Jesse Baltimore
Edith Wilson and Johnny Dunn's Jazz Hounds (1921-4): Dope Andrews, Garvin Bushell, Herschel Brassfield, Ernest Elliot, Herb Flemming, Harry Hull, Leroy Parker, Edith Wilson, Dan Wilson
Johnny Dunn and his Band (1928): Garvin Bushell, Herb Flemming, James P. Johnson, John Mitchell, Jelly Roll Morton, Mort Perry, and Fats Waller

Recordings
In 1928, Dunn recorded four tracks with Jelly Roll Morton, and two more with both James P. Johnson and Fats Waller. Although he is either the bandleader or is featured on many recordings from about 1923 on,  he never made any more recordings after 1928, and relocated permanently to Europe.

Personal life
Dunn died  of tuberculosis aged 40 in Paris, France in August 1937, but his playing style was so out of fashion, that he was largely forgotten by that time.

Influence
In 1921, Dunn's trumpet playing style, with a plunger, inspired Tricky Sam Nanton to use the plunger with the trombone. This became known as the wah-wah effect. Two stories circulate about Dunn's visit to the Sunset Café to embarrass a young Louis Armstrong. In one story, Dunn stumbled around an unfamiliar key after asking Armstrong to yield his horn; in another story, Dunn and Armstrong dueled by alternating choruses until Armstrong won.

References

1897 births
1937 deaths
American jazz trumpeters
American male trumpeters
Vaudeville performers
Dixieland trumpeters
American jazz bandleaders
People from Memphis, Tennessee
20th-century American conductors (music)
20th-century trumpeters
Jazz musicians from Tennessee
20th-century American male musicians
American male jazz musicians

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


We will be based at the Dunstanburgh Castle Hotel in the lovely village of Embleton. Although accommodation isn't provided as part of the workshop (we like to give people the flexibility to make their own arrangements according to their taste and budget) we do encourage participants to stay in the vicinity of our base.
Over the five days we will explore this wonderful part of Northumberland, with its dramatic coastline, sandy beaches and castles in stunning settings that offer the landscape photographer image making heaven. This workshop will take you to the coast around Dunstanburgh Castle, the sweeping sands of Embleton Bay, the spectacular and impressive Bamburgh Bay (with its theatrical castle sat on a rocky perch overlooking the sea), the working fishing port at Seahouses and to magical Holy Island with its castle, priory and harbour.
We will also offer an opportunity for you to take part in a Portfolio Review session where you can bring along some of your images for constructive comment and critique. In addition, participants are encouraged to bring along their laptop computers for advice on post-production tips and techniques.
There will be a minimum of 6 and a maximum of 8 participants on the workshop.
Tuition from two experienced landscape photographers.
Transport to photographic locations for the duration of the workshop.
Please Note: All workshops must be financially viable for us. If we get less than 6 participants then we may decide to run the workshop with just one instructor (in this case Steve Gosling). We also reserve the right to cancel a workshop in the event of insufficient bookings and we will do this no later than 4 weeks of the due date if adequate spaces are not filled. We strongly advise you ask where you are staying, what their cancellation policy is in case of such a cancellation as we cannot and will not be held responsible for any cancellation fees charged to you.
A Licentiate of the Royal Photographic Society, Mark has been making images for many years and has a deep passion for landscape photography. Mark uses both film and digital cameras and specialises in teaching post-production techniques including Adobe Lightroom and Photoshop on a one-to-one or group basis.


Welborne Corporate Image has been a highly regarded and innovative clothing design manufacturer & supplier to Australian and international companies since 1969. Whether you are in healthcare, hospitality, corporate, business, government or education we can assist you with quality uniforms at the right price.
Feel free to visit our Showroom at 61 Links Avenue North, Eagle Farm, Brisbane to discuss your needs, call on 1800 815 571 or complete our online enquiry form.


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This stunning documentary explores lighthouses across New England (including in Rhode Island) and the sadly decaying condition of many of them. Many abandoned lighthouses haven't been tended to in decades or since they were replaced by updated tools of navigation. Director Rob Apse captures the beauty of these American sentinels that once defined a nation's coastline. The Last Lightkeepers highlights stories of individuals currently fighting to preserve these structures while capturing their folklore before the lights go dim forever.
PCFF Winner Audience Choice Award Best Documentary 2020
Microplastic Madness is an inspirational and optimistic take on the local and global plastic pollution crisis as told through an urban youth point of view with a powerful take action message.
Fifth graders from PS 15 in Red Hook, Brooklyn -a community on the frontline of climate change that was severely impacted by Superstorm Sandy- spent 2 years investigating plastic pollution. Taking on the roles of citizen scientists, community leaders, and advocates, these 10-11-year-olds collect local data, lead community outreach, and use their impressive data to inform policy, testifying and rallying at City Hall. They take a deep dive into the root causes of plastic pollution, bridging the connection between plastic, climate change, and environmental justice before turning their focus back to school. There they take action to rid their cafeteria of all single-use plastic, driving forward city-wide action and a scalable, youth-led plastic-free movement.
With stop-motion animation, heartfelt kid commentary, and interviews of experts and renowned scientists who are engaged in the most cutting edge research on the harmful effects of microplastics, this alarming, yet charming narrative, conveys an urgent message in user-friendly terms with a take action message to spark youth-led plastic-free action in schools everywhere.
PCFF WINNER 2021 Audience Choice Award: Best Feature Documentary
When filmmaker Suzanne Crocker suggests that her family spend a year eating only locally sourced food, her husband and three teenagers are skeptical. What complicates this experiment is that the family lives in a remote Yukon town, less than 300 kilometers south of the Arctic Circle—not exactly an easy place to access fresh-grown food all year round. First We Eat follows Suzanne and her family as they hunt, forage, fish, grow and raise their own food, struggling along the way to create a meal plan with variety and flavor. In perhaps the most bizarre effort to inject some seasoning into her cooking, Suzanne even dries human blood to use as salt. Filmed primarily by the director herself, this challenging look at food security and sustainability is also an intimate study of a family in the midst of a tough but rewarding experiment.


Matt Thomas - Mechanical Systems, Inc.
After graduating from the University of Wyoming in 1996, Matt started his career with the Wyoming State Engineer's Office. He then spent two years with Peter Kiewit before joining Mechanical Systems, Inc. in 1999. Over the past 18 years with Mechanical Systems, Inc., Matt has worked in all phases of the business and currently manages all mechanical estimating and preconstruction services. Matt is a current board member of the Wyoming Construction Coalition and serves as the Assistant Arena Director for Cheyenne Frontier Days. His appreciation of Wyoming's small population, stunning scenery, easy access to the great outdoors, and the general mindset of the west serve him well as he pursues his love of ropin' and ridin' in his spare time.
Matt is proud to be part of a successful, honest company that always puts the customer first and strives for the highest quality possible for everyone involved.


If you're looking for a way to transport goods and cargo abroad, to your home, or someone else's home, freight shipping is what you are looking for. Freight shipping is the process of transporting commodities, goods, and cargo by land, sea, or air to destinations all over the world. This is often done with containers of different sizes that keep your merchandise safe. The service is ideal for getting goods to their destinations on time, safely, and in a cost-effective manner.
Freight shipping services are important to global trade, because whether you are purchasing a dozen shirts from the U.S.A or some shoes from China, having an economical way to ship goods is essential. There are many ways to transport cargo: by ships, airplanes, trains, and trucks. Each option has pros and cons. However, they all have the same purpose—delivering shipments that companies or people need in an effective manner.
The first thing you need to take under consideration is that not all products are good candidates for international shipping, so you must choose wisely, especially if you're trying to save money. The costs of shipping internationally will depend on weight and volume, which means that transporting some of your goods could cost you a lot more than their purchase price. That's why you should focus on relatively small, light, and easy-to-ship items.
All countries have their own regulations concerning import taxes and acceptable import products, so we recommend that you research these requirements before shipping anything overseas. You should be conscious of any guidelines regarding the import and export of the goods you're trying to ship. There are certain products that are restricted in some countries, such as electronics, jewelry, and precious metals, etc. That's why you should be careful and learn all regulations and requirements first.
If you want to avoid headaches when shipping internationally, there are a lot of companies these days that specialize in fulfillment services. A fulfillment service is defined as a third-party company that provides the order fulfillment steps for another party. They typically charge a flat fee per order and will take care of all the packing, labeling, shipping, and all the rules and regulations required to transport your merchandise overseas.
Have you try to send something to a friend from another country and it got lost in the way? This is the solution. When you are about to finish your shipment process, there is a tracking option that allows people to follow, or track, the status of a shipment while it is in transit. Although this would likely increase the price of the freight, is an advantage since it can prevent the risk of getting your package lost in international transit, which is a typical risk because it is usually transferred from one shipping service to another.
What Is the Best Freight Shipping Company for International Transport?
At CA CARGO INC, we offer tracking services on all the goods you'd like to ship, among other options that we provide as experts in freight shipping in the U.S.A, such as international logistics, import, export, and cargo screening. Our international agents are specialists in sea and air freight, as well as comprehensive logistics solutions. With over 14 years of experience, we now provide door-to-door services to and from the U.S., South America, and Europe.
Argentina: we carry your packages, vehicles, purchases, and anything else you're allowed to the ports of Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Rosario, and Mendoza.
Brazil: CA CARGO INC can take your shipments to the port nearest your destination in Brazil. We land in Santos, Rio de Janeiro, Itajaies, Paranaguá, Fortaleza, Suape, Victoria, Salvador, and Betim.
Bolivia: We land at the ports of Arica, La Paz, Cochabamba, and Santa Cruz de la Sierra.
Colombia: We offer services to the ports of Buenaventura, Cartagena, Medellin, and Bogota.
Spain: We will take your packages to the ports of Valencia, Barcelona, and Madrid.
Ecuador: CA CARGO INC can take your packages and anything you are permitted to Guayaquil and Quito.
Mexico: We can take your goods straight to the ports of Veracruz and Morelos.
Paraguay: We land at the port of Asunción.
Peru: We can take your packages, vehicles, purchases and anything else you want to the port of Callao.
Uruguay: We can take your goods to the port of Montevideo.
Venezuela: We ship to the ports of Palua, Puerto Cabello, and La Guaira.
If you are near these locations and need a quality, certified freight shipping company, CA CARGO INC is your best option. For more information about our services, or to request a quote, contact our specialists by filling out the contact form. Find us on Facebook as Ca Cargo Inc., and follow us on Twitter as @cacargoinc, and Instagram @cacargoinc. We'll be happy to answer any questions you have!


Looking for the perfect venue to host your Class Association Training Weekends?
Our venue and location make us a great choice for training weekends.
If you would like to know more about what we can offer Class Associations, please contact James Sainsbury on 01480 810521 or email james.sainsbury@cambridgeshire.gov.uk.


Impairment of the usefulness of a device or equipment due to a design defect, or due to its inability to be upgraded or modified to serve the user's current needs. For example, a relatively new computer becomes functionally obsolete if it cannot run the latest program or peripheral the user wishes to use.
John's new tablet made looking up information on his iPhone an action of complete functional obsolescence in just about every way possible.
John worked as a manager in a factory building products mainly dishwashers. John knew that the design was engineered to fail over time, at about the five year mark. With out this functional obsolescence the compony would make less money over time.
Because my phone seemed to break just one week after my warranty had expired, I am sure that this is an instance of functional obsolescence.


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Q: OnClick on subItem of listview item in android I have a listview. Its items has subitems. how can i get onclick event on subitems. The problem is that to get onclick even on subitem, i have to first get onclick on item, then sub item. How can  i get onclick on subitem directly
listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, final int i, long l) {
                        final int a = i + 1;
                        final FrameLayout frameLayout = (FrameLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.luxonetopimageid);
                        final FrameLayout frameLayout1 = (FrameLayout) view.findViewById(luxtwotopimageid);

                        frameLayout.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(View view) {
                                int m = (a * 2) - 1;
                                if (arrays[m] == 0) {
                                    if (arraysAmount(arrays) < Integer.parseInt(PreferenceUtils.getNumberPassenger(SelectedVagonActivity.this))) {
                                        frameLayout.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.place_luks_busy);
                                        arrays[m] = m;
                                    } else
                                        Toast.makeText(SelectedVagonActivity.this, "You can not choose more people that you have ex", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                                } else {
                                    frameLayout.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.place_luks_free);
                                    arrays[m] = 0;
                                }
                            }
                        });
                        frameLayout1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(View view) {

                                int n = a * 2;
                                if (arrays[n] == 0) {
                                    if (arraysAmount(arrays) < Integer.parseInt(PreferenceUtils.getNumberPassenger(SelectedVagonActivity.this))) {
                                        frameLayout1.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.place_luks_busy);
                                        arrays[n] = n;
                                    } else
                                        Toast.makeText(SelectedVagonActivity.this, "You can not choose more people that you have ex", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                                } else {

                                    frameLayout1.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.place_luks_free);
                                    arrays[n] = 0;
                                }
                            }

                        });
                    }
                });
            }

A: TableView is the best option available


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Steve Art Gallery LLC, USA.
Medici as
Painting ID: 62198
Buy Oil Painting Only.
Stretched Or Framed Painting
Please Choose A Painting Size 16x20 (40x50cm) 20x24 (50x60cm) 24x36 (60x90cm) 30x40 (75x100cm) 36x48 (90x120cm) 48x72 (120x180cm) Other Special Size
Here you buy 100% HAND-PAINTED oil painting on canvas!
Sandro Botticelli:
Italian Early Renaissance Painter, 1445-1510 Italian painter and draughtsman. In his lifetime he was one of the most esteemed painters in Italy, enjoying the patronage of the leading families of Florence, in particular the Medici and their banking clients. He was summoned to take part in the decoration of the Sistine Chapel in Rome, was highly commended by diplomatic agents to Ludovico Sforza in Milan and Isabella d Este in Mantua and also received enthusiastic praise from the famous mathematician Luca Pacioli and the humanist poet Ugolino Verino. By the time of his death, however, Botticelli s reputation was already waning. He was overshadowed first by the advent of what Vasari called the maniera devota, a new style by Perugino, Francesco Francia and the young Raphael, whose new and humanly affective sentiment, infused atmospheric effects and sweet colourism took Italy by storm; he was then eclipsed with the establishment immediately afterwards of the High Renaissance style, which Vasari called the modern manner, in the paintings of Michelangelo and the mature works of Raphael in the Vatican. From that time his name virtually disappeared until the reassessment of his reputation that gathered momentum in the 1890s
Related Paintings to Sandro Botticelli :.
| Oil painting in Sweden | Wijnants, Jan -- Landschap met vee op een landweg, 1655-1684 | Flandes, Juan de-La Crucifixion-123 cm x 169 cm | William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham by Richard Brompton | Philips Wouwermans - Cavalrymen halted at a Sutler Booth | Ruysdael, Salomon van -- Dorpsgezicht, 1663 | unknow artist-Arab or Arabic people and life. Orientalism oil paintings 471 | Odilon Redon-Crucifixion | Francis Sartorius-Still life with fruits and a parrot | Georg Flegel-Two Tulips | GUARDI, Francesco-The Doge on the Bucintoro near the Riva di Sant-Elena |
Hang Your Painting On Wall Now!(Without Frame) Buy Framed Oil Painting Email


text:
Tag Archives: jammwals
Commando 3: Ahead of film's release, makers unveil Vidyut Jammwal's introductory scene
December 1, 2019 Entertainment, Newsahead, commando, films, introductory, jammwals, makers, release, scene, unveil, vidyutjimmy
Ahead of its theatrical release, the makers of Commando 3 have released an introductory video of film's lead Vidyut Jammwal. The five-minute footage features Jammwal as a vigilante hero rescuing schoolgirls from a bunch of eve-teasers. The scene gives a glimpse of an action-packed treat that lies ahead for the viewers.
Commando 3 producer Vipul Amrutlal Shah says it's a bold step and a big gamble to reveal the introductory scene. "Innovation is the key to reach out today to the audience, we have decided to take a bold step to put out a 5 minute clip of the film as it is. It is a gamble but it's our belief that after watching this clip audience will be compelled to see the film. Fingers crossed," Shah said in a statement.
The Commando series was introduced in 2011 with Commando: A One Man Army. The second part, Commando 2: The Black Money Trail, came out in 2017.
Helmed by Aditya Datt, Commando 3 also stars Adah Sharma, Angira Dhar and Gulshan Devaiah in pivotal roles.
The trailer of high-octane action drama revealed Devaiah as the antagonist of the upcoming action entertainer. Jammwal's Karan Singh is tasked to team up with Mallika Sood (Dhar) from British Intelligence and Indian agent Bhawana Reddy (Sharama) to save the nation, and knock down Devaiah's evil plans. The footage reveals Jammwal using his exceptional martial arts skills to beat up villains double his size, indulge in high-speed car chases, and spew out huge dose of patriot dialogues.
Commando 3 is presented by Reliance Entertainment and Motion Picture Capital, in association with Sun Shine Pictures and Vipul Amrutlal Shah Production.
Junglee box office collection: Vidyut Jammwal's action-adventure film earns Rs 13.85 cr on opening weekend
April 1, 2019 Entertainment, Views on News1385, actionadventure, box, collection, cr, earns, film, jammwals, junglee, office, opening, rs, vidyut, weekendjimmy
Chuck Russell's Hindi directorial debut, Junglee, picked up pace on the third day of its release. Starring Vidyut Jammwal in the lead, the film minted Rs 4.45 crore on Saturday (30 March) and Rs 6.05 crore on Sunday after opening with Rs 3.35 crore on Friday. The film's opening weekend collection stands at Rs 13.85 crore.
Despite the buzz surrounding Junglee, the adventure-action flick has underperformed at the box office. Trade analysts opine that if the film continues its upward trend in the next few days, it will be able to recover its lost ground. The film has however performed well inthe mass circuits.
Junglee tells the unique tale of a friendship between a man and a herd of elephants. Jammwal, who made a breakthrough debut as an antagonist in the John Abraham-starrer 2011 action drama Force, plays Ashwath. His character confronts an international poacher's racket at an elephant reserve. Jammwal was last seen in Ajay Devgn and Emraan Hashmi's Baadshaho.
Junglee also stars Pooja Sawant, Asha Bhat, Akshay Oberoi and Atul Kulkarni. It has been produced by Vineet Jain and co-produced by Priti Shahani.