This page is a work in progress. As I find new things that I think would be useful to know I will add them.
I created this page to help people understand the ins and outs of a move to Italy. It is aimed at Americans. First off, I wish to say the information is specific to our own personal situation. Each Italian region has it's own quirks. Each Consulate in the US has their own rules. There is no rule of thumb here. No recourse. If your consulate or region wants something you have no choice but to give it to them. So please use all the information here with that in mind.
A word of warning before starting the process of getting all your cards, visas, and permits. Be SURE your vital information is the SAME for every document you have. Your Codice Fiscale, your Permesso di Soggiorno, your passport, birth certificate – It should all match exactly for your name, date of birth, place of birth, etc. We know many people, including ourselves, who have run into problems here with differences in our documents. So try hard to make them agree.
There are several types of Visas. If you are planning to work, your employer will sponsor you for a Visa that allows you to work. You can enter on a Student Visa. You must be enrolled in school and it allows you to work 20 hours a week. We are retirees. We opted for the Elective Residency (ER) Visa. We are not allowed to work here on this Visa.
One National (Italian) Visa Application Form, completely and clearly filled out, and to be signed in the presence of a Consular Officer.
Handling visa fee (this changes so you need to look it up) must be paid in exact amount in cash, money order or cashiers check made out to the Consulate General of Italy. Some have said they wouldn't accept cash but our Embassy did.
Two copies of our entire passports (all pages) valid for at least three months after the visa period with a blank page available for the Visa.
Copys or our birth certificates.
Copys of our marriage certificate.
Proof of enough income to live in Italy without working.
A copy of the final sales agreement for a house or a certified lease from the landlord where you will be living.
Item number eight means you will need to travel to Italy and buy a house or rent an apartment before applying for the Visa. I know it seems counter intuitive but there it is. We had friends who worked with a relo company and rented an apartment for 5 months from them while living in the US. This way they didn't have to travel here more than once. This could be an option for others who will rent. If you are buying, of course, this would not be an option. I also highly recommend that you know someone in your chosen town. It can greatly help with your transition.
When you go to your appointment (everyone going to Italy needs a separate appointment) you should be very organized with your documents and highlight the pertinent information on them, you should dress nicely and be friendly. Present your documents. Answer questions as shortly as possible and do not volunteer any extra information. Be truthful.
Buying a house in Italy is not as hard as one might think. You don't need anything to buy a house except a Codice Fiscale and money! The Codice Fiscale is a personal number everyone must have to buy things in Italy. You can get it from your Consulate or Embassy. I am also told you can get one online. We did ours in person.
Real Estate is not taxed if it is your prima casa (i.e. you live there as your primary house) so we pay no taxes.
Next, find a house. This is, of course a simplification. You need to first decide what region you want to move to. Then what area or town. Then the house. Some people opt to rent before buying to be sure they like their choice. That would be a personal choice.
There is no MLS in Italy. Each agent or agency handles his or her own listings. Our realtor arranged with other agents to meet us with the keys and show us properties he thought we might like.
Once we found our house we made an offer through our Realtor. In Italy you can have the house inspected but it is not like in the US where things are contingent on the outcome. It is important to trust and like your Realtor. Also, it is best if they are English speaking. Ours was British as are most of the English speaking ones here. He also helped us open an Italian bank account into which we would wire money. All realtors get 6% of the sales price. No dickering on that. He splits it with the selling agent. Our offer was accepted. You don't need any money in hand to make this offer so don't let anyone tell you different. We next had to give our Realtor a limited Power of Attorney so he could sign for us and go to the closing. We visited a Notaio to do this. He is a cross between a Notary and an Attorney. It was quite the show. Then we flew home to the US. Next step was to pay a 10% deposit.
Wiring money – We had 20 days contractually to pay the 10% deposit. Before we retired we opened a new checking account with USAA. We know that since they cater to the military and families they have members all over the world. My local bank always seemed unfamiliar with these procedures not to mention the exchange rate was ridiculous. USAA gives the official exchange rate with no mark-up. We are very happy with them. This all said many people have good things to say about Transferwise. Do shop around. We had the numbers our bank in Italy gave us and we called up our bank and sent the deposit. Then we waited to see if it would arrive OK.
Four days later it had arrived in Italy. We got an email from our Realtor and he arranged for the final signing of the compromesso (sales agreement). Once this was complete if we backed out we would forfeit our deposit. If the seller backed out they would have to pay two times the deposit to us. Normally once the compromesso is signed the deal should go through without a problem.
Once the deal closes you receive COMPRAVENDITA REPUBBLICA ITALIANA or the final sale agreement. It is in effect your deed. This is what you need to copy and bring to your Visa appointment.
There is no exact equivalent for a "Geometra" in English as this profession with its special form is probably unique to Italy.
This job is a combination of architect, building surveyor and expert in the field of surveying. In any case this person is absolutely essential when buying a property but also when doing major renovation work or building a new house. He is a specialist who identifies, surveys and evaluates the plot of land or the property, he comments on the condition of the subsoil and refers to possible difficulties.
His professional competence is not only of a technical kind. A "Geometra" can also be of help when it comes to legal issues or tax related estimates.
Our Geometra also was a sort of general contractor with a crew of workers who could complete the renovations. You should get recommendations from someone you know and trust. There are also architects and contractors in the same sense as we have in the US. It depends on the extent of the work you need to do.
Rent a mailbox from an online company (dropbox).
There are lots of companies that do this. We rented one for 2 years and renew it. You will have to forward your mail to this address. And you will want to do Changes of Address for all your mail. They receive your mail and notify you it has arrived. You have the choice of having it scanned (for a fee), having it forwarded to Italy (for a fee) or discarding it.
We used a shipping company to send household goods to Italy but not big items like furniture.
We elected to bring our two cats into the cabin with us. Only a few airlines do this. You need to make reservations ahead of time. Larger animals will need to go into the hold. There are companies that ship animals and deliver that you could look into as well.
There is no quarantine of animals in Italy. There are, however, several hoops you have to jump through to bring animals to Italy. It is important that you do them in the proper order.
First get your pet microchipped at least 1 month prior to your trip. Personally with hindsight, I think you should just go ahead and do it the moment you know you are going as it is never too early.
After that (and at least 30 days before you leave) get a new rabies shot even if they already had one.
10 days or less before your flight download the official dual language forms to bring a pet into Italy from the Italian Embassy website.
Take that form no more than 10 days before you go and have your USDA certified vet fill it out. Make sure you have your rabies certificate from the shot about a month ago.
Last go find the United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Veterinary Services in your state. Either FedEx all your forms (Italian form and Rabies certificate) to them or take them to them for certification. Then you should be good to go.
You take all the forms with you to show when you arrive in Italy. They never asked to see ours but still…you should not take any chances with this!
You must apply for a Permesso di Soggiorno (PdS) within 7-9 days after you arrive in Italy.
To go to your Italian Post Office and pick up a 'yellow packet' for the Permesso di Soggiorno application. The yellow is for US citizens while there is a blue packet for EU members, etc. The yellow packet has two modules and we just filled out the first 4 pages of Module 1. Depends on your dependents etc.
A stamp from a tobacco shop – it's called a Marco da Bollo.
The post office will require you to fill out your own invoice – bollitini. It comes in the Yellow packet.
You go to the post office with all your materials, get a number to go to the correct window – as only certain windows at the post office handle the Permesso applications.
Give them your materials, they flip through them, ask you for signatures, your Bollitino paying the fee (found on the Internet – it can change from year to year), they bundle everything into an envelope and they schedule your appointment at the Questura (police station) and give you a receipt (do NOT lose the receipt! Very important!).
A complete copy of your passport (Again!) and other documents used for your Visa.
The policewoman/man will take your fingerprints and process your paperwork.
You leave with your receipts and are told to check in online for when your Permesso card is ready. They send us a text message on our phone too but it's best to check after a couple of months. If you get a text it will have a date and time to come and pick up the PdS. Otherwise you may need to call. Getting your Permesso card takes at least a couple of months and could be six months (or more).
The second appointment at the Questura is pretty short, checking your receipts again, another finger print and they give you your Permesso card. This card is good for one year from the date of your Visa so by the time you get it, it's good for 6-10 months and you need to do the same process all over again for the annual renewal. Some areas do two years. Umbria does not. Be sure to start early enough so that your Permesso doesn't expire. Recommended 3 months minimum.
The receipt that you get when you drop off your packet at the Post Office is nearly as good as having a Permesso. We have learned however, that you cannot travel on the receipt through another Schengen country, nor can you travel on an expired card with the receipt. If you fly out you will need to fly toor through a non Schengen country. Travel by train or car is not a problem.
After you get your Permesso you will need to get your Carta d'Identita. To do so go to your local comune Anagrafe office and pick up a form and show them your Permesso. The police then visit your house to be sure you live there. The Carta d'Identita is your Italian ID which you use when you are checking into Hotels, etc rather than showing your passport. Yiu cannot fly on this if you aren't an Italian citizen. You cannot buy a car without this card. For us, it meant we had to lease and rent cars for 6 months. An expensive thing!
Living here in Italy can be challenging. For every step you try to take you must deal with waiting, roadblocks, and returning again and again to finally get the thing you need accomplished. If you are retired, like us, you do have time to wait. I don't pretend to know how working Italians manage this! Also, as another friend has noted, "no does not always mean no". Many times they ask for something I don't have with me and they shake their heads. Then go ahead and do it! Sometimes asking me to bring whatever they need back. Another frustration can be the fact that nothing is set in stone. Friends will tell us they got this or that done with only this form but when we go, we need more or cannot get what we need. Bureaucrats can make decisions randomly and you have no recourse. It is just a fact of life here.
Go here for an informal look at what ordinary things cost here in Umbria. Umbria, Abruzzo, Les Marche and Molise are the least expensive Italian regions in the center. Tuscany is more expensive due to its huge expat and tourist influx. Cities are always more expensive. The north is most expensive. The south (Basilicata, Puglia, Campagna (parts) and Calabria as well as Sicily and Sardinia) is less expensive. But you get what you pay for. Health care is a lot worse in the south. And infrastructure.
Taxes and required payments are your responsibility to know about and to pay. Being immigrants or stranieri we don't always know what is required. Italians, on the other hand, know about these from birth! So it is best to inform yourself by asking an Italian friend or an ex-pat who has been here a while.
Once you obtain residency and have been a resident for one year you need to file Italian income tax. The need to file and pay is determined by "physical presence". So if you are physically in Italy for 183 days a year you will need to file and pay. You will need to use a Commercialista to file for you, ideally, one who is familiar with filing for US citizens. I am told it is a very complicated issue and you can get differing opinions from different Commercialistas. There is an agreement between Italy and the US concerning taxes. You can google it. You are supposed to be protected from double taxation by both countries. Essentially we are taxed on our Social Security, dividends and on unrealized value of property (on investments and 401(k)s) held outside Italy. Private pensions are not taxed in Italy nor are government and state pensions. Overall taxes are higher in Italy than the US.
Energy is very expensive in Italy. It is four times as much as any other country in Europe. When buying a house, keep this in mind. Town gas, electric and water is cheaper. Many people heat with wood. We have a "stuffa" or pellet stove which helps a lot to keep this old building warm. When you buy ask for the energy rating. Older houses are not insulated. Houses are rated from A+ to G, A+ being the most energy efficient.
You must read your own meter and report it to the utilities to avoid a big bill to settle your account.
There is a TV tax which is added to your electric bill every year.
Real Estate is not taxed for the house you live in full time, or your prima casa, so we pay no taxes.
We have to pay a garbage tax semi-annually. If you don't get a bill, inquire at your Comune.
Car tax – In our second year we found out we owed car tax! For two years! Just an example of how you can get blindsided here. So be sure to ask when you buy a car.
First rule…You must be a resident and obtain a Carta d'Identita (see above) from your Comune to buy a car. The rule is a result of anti-mafia legislation, I'm told. Buying expensive, "portable" property, like cars, is prohibited to non-residents.
Buying a car is not at all like in the US. First, I recommend that you not buy a used car from an individual. There are many pitfalls one of which is that you assume liability for any accident or infraction the former owner had incurred. You can buy used cars at auto dealers. There is also the concept of Kilometer 0 cars, essentially demos. You get them from dealers. They have warranties etc., they just have some miles on them. You can also buy a new car at the dealer…you just can't do it fast. To buy new you normally have to order a car. It takes about 3 months to receive it. You must be an Italian resident with a Carta d'Identita to order or buy a car. The dealers do not keep inventory on their lots thus you can't just buy a car quickly.
Car insurance is more expensive here. If you can join USAA they insure cars for Americans. Prices higher than the US ones but good responsiveness should you need to make a claim. You'd need to be a veteran or descended from one to join.
New cars have first inspection due in 4 years. After that it's every two years.
One price you pay to live in Italy is that the US has not adopted a reciprocal policy with Italy to convert our US drivers license to an Italian one. I think I understand why now. Because we don't have US driving licenses. We have a State license and there are fifty of those. When you change States you have to get a new license. In other countries it is issued for the Country. So, unless we come up with a national license we can't get reciprocity. This means you can drive on your US license or an International one for ONE year after residency. After that you must take the Italian test. Much has been written about this but in a nutshell, you can study online to take the written test. It is VERY technical with trick questions and all in Italian. You can take the written test on your own. BUT you cannot take the practical driving test without enrolling in a driving school. The costs run around 500€. If you have managed your written test on your own then you only have to take 6 hours of behind the wheel training. If you have not done the written test it is very time consuming (and more costly) with much lecturing and still six hours spent driving with the instructor behind the wheel. Then your instructor takes you to take the test in the Autoscoula car. Usually manual transmission. All of this must be done in spite of the fact you've been driving many years. And you blow this off at your own peril. Your insurance is null and void in case of an accident if you have not gotten your Italian license and they can and do impound your car. Plus large fines.
"Currently, the annual contribution is €387.34 for an annual income between 0 and €5165.00. The rate ("aliquota percentuale") for an income exceeding €5165.00 and up to €20,658.28 is 7.5% rate, while it's 4% for amounts exceeding €20,658.28 and up to the limit of €51,645.69.
This said, it varies from region to region how much they charge. Quite a few just charge the minimum without a proof of income. Impossible to find out unless you know someone in your target area. Welcome to Italy.
You must have your Permesso di Sogiorno to sign up. You sign up at the beginning of the year at the Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL). You have to pay your money at the post office and bring the receipt back. You will then get your medical cards in the mail. If you sign up in mid-year you will still pay the full annual amount. If you are unlucky, as we are, your permesso will expire sometime in the middle of the year so you can only get the card until the expiration date. This means you have to return when you get your new Permesso to get the rest of your year coverage. It seems every year our Permessi expire so we take the ever-important receipt from the Poste back in and they extend it for us.
When you sign up you choose a doctor who will be your primary care physician. You should already know who you want when you sign up. Ask around. All appointments to this doctor are free. All prescriptions you get from the doctor are covered and are usually free. The doctor writes prescriptions for procedures as well as medication. Then you take the prescription to your farmacia where they will give you an appointment. Sometimes you have to go to the health department for the appointment to be made. (You pay a fee for any special tests you get, i.e., blood work, EKG, etc. The fees for care are nominal. My blood work cost 15€. Colonoscopy was free. Mammogram was free.) Then, on the time and date you go for the test. On the appointment sheet it says if you owe anything. If so you pay in the hospital before the test.
There is a down side as sometimes it takes a long time to get an appointment for a test. If you don't want to wait you can always go "private" and pay for it. This is faster. Also, before you are covered you can always go to a doctor on your own as well. You pay the doctor at the time you visit him/her.
Sometimes I want to go to a specific doctor or specialist and my doctor will arrange an appointment for me. This would be "out of the normal system" or private pay. I pay €150 for a consult with specialist. I also went "private" for an MRI I needed quickly. I went to a clinic. It was €126. I had a total knee replacement last year. I wanted to chose the doctor. I paid private to consult with him, then he put me in the system. 8 months later I had the operation. It was totally free.
So the difference is, if you go through the system, you get any doctor available i.e., no choice. And you have to wait, sometimes a year for a test. Although the colonoscopy was free my husband had to wait 11 months. If you are in any hurry then you go private and pay, or go private, pay and they put you into the system.
I felt the need to tell you about going to your primary care doctor, at least here in Umbria. It could differ in other areas. It is very different from the US. Our doctor has published office hours five days a week. Usually two hours a day. Here, you don't make doctors appointments. You go during the hours. There are no staff, no receptionist. But the doctors cell phone number is prominently posted for you to call anytime. Let me know if that would ever happen in the US! When you enter the lobby there are usually a number of people ahead of you…and multiple doctors use the same building. So you must ask, "who is the last for [doctors name]"? Someone pipes up so you know you go in after he/she leaves. We found only one English speaking doctor in our town. I felt, with important stuff like my health, that I wanted an English speaker. My doctor is not proactive. You must manage your own health. I decided to get blood work done and an EKG for baselines. She gave me prescriptions for these tests which I took to the Farmacia. They are in charge of making appointments with other doctors for tests and procedures. After the tests they give the results to me and I have to take them back to the doctor who reads them and, if there is any problem, will tell me and we would discuss any actions that need to be taken. Quite different. Also, I have to retain all my records myself. Doctors do not keep files on individuals. So I bring all necessary tests and information when going to the Doctor.
I have strong opinions on living in a non-English speaking country and not trying to learn the language. If you don't want to put the effort into this then you should just stay home. It is the respectful thing to do. Most Comunes have nearly free Italian classes (I paid 10€ a year) for stranieri. Starting with the basic A1 level and going to A3. They also administer the A2 proficiency test to comply with the agreement you sign to stay here. There are also numerous private classes you can take and also on the internet via skype.
When we moved to Italy we changed our investments address to our Italian one. If you do this you will no longer be able to invest in Mutual funds or bond funds. Nor will an advisor be able to help with anything related to investing. In hindsight I would have just changed the addresses to the Dropbox address. After a lot of research we found out that Schwab has a British presence and will service investment accounts for Expats. It is the only one I know of that will.
Once you are residents be sure to change your Italian account to one as a resident. They really sock it to stranieri on fees.
Look into FBAR and FATCA rules for expats. You have to declare any bank balance here over $10,000. So when we purchased the house and cars we obviously were above that amount. Due by April 15. After all our big purchases were made I try to keep less than that in the account so I won't have to file.
Sign up with one of the companies that provide DSL into your house. This will give you Internet. Italy is a third world country when it comes to internet speeds. You learn to live with it.
We stream movies but not in HD. It cannot be supported. For movies and TV shows we use a VPN. It masks your location so you can pretend to be in the US. But Netflix just started cracking down on people sneaking into the US sites this way. Netflix recently came into Italy but it is woefully meager in its offerings. Copyright rules I guess. But do keep your US account. And we have Apple TV which provides all the latest miniseries from the UK and the US etc. Of course you have to pay for them but we are really happy to have access.
We use Skye for satellite TV. We watch Italian TV to improve our Italian. There are some good game shows in the early evening that we love on RAI One. We get a lot of English language programs including news. We also get the History channel and NatGeo. These cost extra. I will mention, the costs for satellite TV are much cheaper than in the US.
When you arrive take your unlocked smart phone to one of the providers (TIM, Vodaphone…) and sign up for a plan. Then we buy minutes as needed. You can also purchase a phone and plan here.
I use Skype a lot especially to call 800 numbers in the US. It is the only way to access them from here. I also FaceTime with my friends.
Wonderful resource. It's a blessing.
Hello Margaret. I'm not an expert but I can say the Italians do tax the unrealized income on your 401(k) accounts. In other words, it is money that is accruing on the accounts that you have not actually withdrawn. In the US you arent taxed until you take the money out. This is a difference here. As for your US real estate. I assume you would still pay your State real estate property tax on it while living here but No the Italians do not tax your US real estate. They only tax your worldwide income to include the 401(k) as mentioned above. You are also only considered a Resident of Italy if you physically reside here for 183 days in a year. This makes you a Resident. That said, whatever you pay here you can deduct from any taxes you may owe in the US, so you should not have to pay any taxes in the US.
Thank you so much!! This is very valuable information. Can you explain more about a U.S. 401K being taxed? Also if we keep our real estate in the U.S. is that taxed in Italy? That seems to be a major downside…..
True, you do have to search. Before I moved there was little information at all on the internet for US citizens to move here. Much more now. I hope my page helped!
Brilliant info here, very helpful even if we're moving from the UK not the States. Thank you !
This is interesting, thank you. There is a great deal of information out there regarding all the issues involved with moving to Italy, but it's scattered; more than a little is either fragmentary or outdated or both; and a good portion of it addresses issues specific to certain nationalities.
Thanks David! I always hope what I write will help folks who want to move here. But I also write this for myself as a chronical I can go back to if I want to remember something. All the best!
Thank you so much! This is very valuable info!
What a wonderful resource, Nancy! Thank you for being so detailed and well-organized. I live in Orvieto (first year on ER) and am passing this link on to friends who plan to stay a year starting September. Buon anno!
Thanks for all the great info and keeping it real, Nancy!
We flew United from Dulles to Rome. We wanted nonstop to shorten the trip for them and this was the only option. We carried the cats onboard with us. I've also heard Lufthansa is extremely animal friendly for folks putting their pets in the hold.
Thank you for taking the time to detail your transition into Italy. Could you please tell me which airline you flew with your cats?
I've been reading your blog and following your progress. I will add this to my ER information. I find it interesting that they want to know your motivations. I wonder how many require this. The Italian Embassy in DC which we used did not.
This is such a good resource. With our ER application, the Chicago consulate included in their list of document a letter explaining why we wanted to live in Italy. The official read this over carefully. We were careful to not write a letter full of cliches such as wanting to improve our language skill, or love the culture. If you have a personal connection of any kind it Italy, that would be a good point to emphasize. Family and the connections between people resonate within Italian culture.
I'd sure like to know! I'm thinking a lot of it is taxes. For sure the taxes on energy make our bills and gasoline high.
You know, it's interesting how you've found some things like satellite TV less expensive and other things relatively expensive. I'm sure there an underlying reason but it's certainly not obvious. Oh well.
Not as slender as when I arrived here sorry to say! Glad you liked the page. I have updat d it since the post so check back.


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text:
Q: what data type is a empty DB field? I am trying to count all the non-empty fields in a DB for a school project. Please note im not allowed to use SQL.
Here is the coding
var i,k : Integer ;
begin
  i := 0 ;
  with dmregisteredusers do
  begin
    tblusers.Sort := 'Nommer ASC';
    tblusers.Edit;
    tblusers.First;
    For k:= 1 to tblusers.RecordCount do
    begin
      If (tblusers['Dogs wanted'] = '') OR (tblusers['Dogs wanted'] = ' ')
        OR (tblusers['Dogswanted'] = 0)
      then
        tblusers.Next
      else
      begin
        inc(i);
        tblusers.Next;
      end;//else
    end;//with
  end;//for
  ShowMessage('There are ' + IntToStr(i) + ' new dogs added to wishlist ,please contact the users regarding this matter and them remove the dogs from their wishlist !');

every time I run the code is shows the error that the Db field that is empty is of datatype null.
How can I verify when a DB field is empty?

A: Here's a new version of your code.  It's a bit messy the way I've done it, but I thought it would be easiest to understand if I included comments and explanations in it where the points occur.
The first thing to say is that although it's no bad thing to check for a dataset field being Null for a given row, it's usually better if the database isn't allowed to store Nulls in columns that might ever be queried, by an application or a raw Sql query.  Entire book chapters have been written about what Nulls do or don't mean, in theoretical and practical terms.  In practice, they're usually best thought of as meaning just "information missing".  So we can't answer the question "Does this user want a dog?" in the presence of a Null.  So it's a matter of policy and design choice what do do with a Null, but it's usually far better for the matter to have been decided in the implementation of the database, by imposing a NOT NULL constraint on the column.
When I said in a comment that Delphi isn't especially good at respecting the difference between Nulls and blank fields, what I meant is this:  In the case of a String field, for a row where the field is Null, Delphi returns an empty string, '', when you call Field.AsString.  Some "purists" would say that a TField should generate an exception if asked for its AsXXX property when it contains a Null, because it shouldn't try to "fake" a value when in fact it has none.  What it does instead, i.e. returning an empty string, 0 for a numeric field etc, is a bit of a pragmatic compromise:  It avoids beginners being tripped up by the presence of Nulls, but if you want your code to handle Nulls, you can use TField.IsNull.
If you're stuck with a db containing Nulls - and you will be depressingly often (unless you had a hand in the design of the db) - consider the possibility that they might best be handled in the SQL which gets the data before your Delphi code sees it.
The second thing is that, in the absence of a clear design brief, we don't really know what "wants a dog" means, exactly.  Does it mean the user wants to have a dog singular, plural or Yes/No, for example?  The Yes/No is simplest to deal with, but not all databases support an explicit Boolean column type, so you'll often see a (hopefully single-character) CHAR, VARCHAR (or their Unicode equivalents) column being used instead.  Or an Integer column, if fussy users' requirements are to be entertained.
A third thing is that the Delphi DataType for a field isn't necessarily exactly the same of the db's column type, though there are standard mappings between them,  Regardless, it's usually best to work in your Delphi code with the value representation (e.g. .AsString, .AsInteger, .AsFloat, to name but a few) which best matches the db column type.
Admittedly, not all database implementations are as fussy, sorry, I mean careful, as Delphi is in dealing with the datatypes of columns, but most are.  A notable exception is Sqlite, where although you can define your columns types in the table's DDL, the Sqlite engine treats these more like recommendations than rules and you can store pretty much anything in them.
As I said in a comment earlier, Null is a column/field state, rather than a value.  So asking "What data type is an empty DB field?" is a variety of "category error".  The data type of a column is "exactly what it says on the tin", i.e. what it's defined to be in the table's DDL.  What you were really asking, of course, is "How do I determine whether the field is empty", and that is as much a matter of design choice and db implementation as it is of Delphi coding.
Anyway, enough of generalities ...
procedure CountDogsWanted;
var
  // i,k : Integer ; <- names like i and k are usually as used for loop variables
  DogsWanted : Integer;
  Wanted : Boolean;
  S : String;  // contrast this naming style with what I said about the likes of i, j, k
    // I've done this because we might want to do several tests & operations on its value
    // and they will be easier to read with a shorter variable name.  Not such a good idea
    // when there are several such variables.
  AField : TField;
const
  scDogsWanted = 'Dogs wanted';  // this is to avoid making mistakes with typos
begin

  {i := 0 ;}
  DogsWanted := 0;

  //  The point of the following line is to retrieve the field we're working with
  //  only once, rather than doing a FieldByName (which involves a serial iteration
  //  through the dataset's Fields collection) for each row in the dataset.
  //  The AField variable will remain valid for the duration of this procedure
  //  or until the dataset is closed if its Fields aren't defined as persistent ones.
  //  Persistent fields remain valid for the lifetime of their owners (usually a
  // datamodule or form).  OTOH, "dynamic" fields are owned by the dataset and created
  // and destroyed when the dataset is opened and closed.

  AField := dmregisteredusers.tblusers.FieldByName(scDogsWanted);

  {with dmregisteredusers do  <- Don't use "with", it only ever causes problems}
  {begin}

    {tblusers.Sort := 'Nommer ASC'; <- pointless, it makes no difference when you count what order the things are in}

    {tblusers.Edit; <- No! This puts the table into Edit state, but there's not point because you're not changing anything, and in any case, it will drop out of Edit state when you do a .Next}

    dmregisteredusers.tblusers.First;
    while not dmregisteredusers.tblusers.Eof do
    {For k:= 1 to tblusers.RecordCount do <- Never, ever, iterate a dataset with a For loop.
     The RecordCount is best avoided, too, because not all types of dataset return a meaningful
     RecordCount }

    begin
      //  You need to decide what to do about users whose 'Dogs wanted' field is Null
      //  If is is Null maybe we should ask for the record to be changed to indicate
      // explicitly whether a dog is wanted or not

      if AField.IsNull then begin
        // to be filled in by you
      end;
      //  You haven't told us what DataType the 'Dogs wanted' field is
      //  There are several possibilities.  For simplicity, let's assume that the DataType of the field is ftString
      //  Let's also make a design decision that *only* if the field only contains a 'Y' in upper or lower
      //  case, then that means a dog is wanted.
      //  First copy the field's string value into a local variable so we don't have to keep getting it for the
      //  following operation;
      S := dmregisteredusers.tblUsers.FieldByName(scDogsWanted).AsString;
      S := Trim(S);  { Trim() is a statndard function which removes leading and trailing whitespace }
      Wanted := CompareText(S, 'Y') = 0; { CompareText does a case-insensitive comparison and returns zero if equal}
      If
        { (tblusers['Dogs wanted'] = '') OR (tblusers['Dogs wanted'] = ' ')
          OR (tblusers['Dogswanted'] = 0)}
        Wanted
      then
        {tblusers.Next <- this is in the wrong place, you want to do a .Next regardless of the outcome of the "if"}
      else
      begin
        inc(DogsWanted);
        {tblusers.Next;}
      end;//else
      dmregisteredusers.tblusers.Next;
    {end;//with}
  end;//for
  ShowMessage('There are ' + IntToStr(DogsWanted) + ' new dogs added to wishlist ,please contact the users regarding this matter and them remove the dogs from their wishlist !')
end;

A: guys as much as i appreciate the effort you put into the answers i cannot use them as my instructor would know its not my own work...
@MartynA your coding had the answer to my question
 here is the new coding
i know its sloppy and there are many other ways it could work but im really pressed for time so cant take time to learn the code...here is what i will use
For k:= 1 to tblusers.RecordCount do
begin
If dmregisteredusers.tblusers.FieldByName('Dogs wanted').IsNull then tblusers.Next
else
    begin
   inc(i) ;
   tblusers.Next;
   end//then begin

I used the sorting of the db form.onshow so when the DBGrid displays it would be in correct order ...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
News Archive - June/July 2013
Accessible art and sculpture gallery
A new home for contemporary visual art is planned for the University of Leicester's inclusive multi-use arts centre.
The £1.5m new gallery wing will be an extension of The Richard Attenborough Centre and will increase the size of the arts buildings on the site by 50 per cent, creating a series of interlinked spaces which will be open to the public.
GSSArchitecture have been appointed to develop the design through to the delivery of the project, which is due to officially open in early 2015.
Arts Council England has agreed to provide £600,000 towards the capital costs of the project, subject to the balance being raised by November 2013. An urgent fundraising appeal is underway to raise the remaining £900,000.
The Richard Attenborough Centre is one of only two purpose-built accessible arts centres in the East Midlands for the promotion of arts and disability. The new development will be fully accessible and use the latest in technology, enabling disabled and non-disabled audiences to enjoy the very best of the contemporary arts in new and exciting ways.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
'Golden State Killer' victims included couple murdered in their home, a crime scene that helped solve the case
The "Golden State Killer"'s crimes spanned from 1976 to 1986.
ByEmily Shapiro
In this June 15, 2016, file photo, law enforcement drawings of a suspected serial killer believed to have committed at least 12 murders across California in the 1970's and 1980's are displayed at a news conference about the investigation, in Sacramento, Calif.
Rich Pedroncelli/AP, FILE
The suspected "Golden State Killer," believed to have committed 12 murders, at least 50 rapes and multiple home burglaries in the 1970s and 1980s, is now behind bars. And the DNA that helped lead to his capture came from the crime scene where two victims were killed -- Southern California couple Lyman and Charlene Smith, said the Ventura County District Attorney's Office.
Lyman Smith, 43, and his wife, Charlene, 33, were killed in their Ventura County, California, home in 1980. Charlene Smith was bound and sexually assaulted, The Ventura County Star reported.
"They were bludgeoned to death with a log that was from a stack of firewood they had outside their home," Lyman Smith's daughter, Jennifer Carole, told ABC station KGO in San Francisco.
'Golden State Killer' victim's sister: 'I can finally breathe again'
Former police officer, 72, arrested in decades-old 'Golden State Killer' case
Inside the timeline of crimes by the 'Golden State Killer'
Charlene Smith was an interior decorator and Lyman Smith was on the short list for an appointment to the Superior Court bench, the Ventura County Star reported.
The DNA that was derived from that case was provided to the task force organized by the Sacramento County District Attorney's Office, the district attorney's office said.
An evidence room from the "Golden State Killer" investigation.
Courtesy FBI
Authorities compared the DNA from the Smith double murder to what's available on genealogy websites to find a family tree for the suspect, sources said.
Officials then worked their way down that family tree until they found Joseph James DeAngelo, a 72-year-old former police officer.
"I never in my lifetime expected to see [an arrest]," Carole told KGO.
Joseph James Deangelo, known as "The Golden State Killer," is seen in this police booking photo, April 25, 2018, after being apprehended.
Sacramento Police Department
The sudden arrest this week of DeAngelo, the suspected "Golden State Killer," has shocked some of his victims and their family members, bringing their decades-old emotions back to the surface.
DeAngelo was taken into custody on Tuesday at his home in Sacramento County, the same county where his alleged crime spree began in 1976. The crimes continued across the state until 1986.
Bruce Harrington, whose brother and sister-in-law were alleged victims of the "Golden State Killer" in 1980, said at a Wednesday news conference: "[To the] ladies who were brutally raped in these crime scenes, sleep better tonight. He isn't coming through the window. He's now in jail and he's history."
Here's a closer look at some of the other victims.
In 1976, Jane Carson-Sandler was cuddling with her 3-year-old son in Citrus Heights, California, when a man with a butcher knife broke into her home and tied them up.
She said the man untied her ankles and raped her, according to The Associated Press.
Carson-Sandler was in the Air Force Reserves at the time and also working towards a career as a nurse, the AP said.
Now 72, said she wants to face her attacker in person. She said she wants to know how long the attacker had been watching her, the AP said.
Rape survivor Jane Carson-Sandler, of Sun City Hilton Head, S.C. poses for a photo holding a copy of her book about the experience called, "Frozen in Fear."
Jay Karr/AP
In 1977, 13-year-old Margaret Wardlow became the youngest victim of the "Golden State Killer" when she was tied up in her Sacramento home and raped, according to ABC affiliate KGTV in San Diego.
The attacker tied up Wardlow's mother and stacked plates on top of her so he would hear if she moved, KGTV said.
Wardlow, who had read articles about the "Golden State Killer," thought he seemed to thrive on his victims being powerless, KGTV said. So when he said to her, "Do you want to die? Do you want me to kill your mother?" Wardlow said she responded, "I don't care," which she thinks saved her life, reported KGTV.
"Certainly I'm a victim. I was 13 years old, a man came into my home, tied up my mother and raped me. But I don't own that," Wardlow told KGTV. "I can choose whether I own that or not, and I don't own it."
Wardlow said she will go to court appearances for the suspected "Golden State Killer," and said she wants to look him in the eyes and ask, "Why?"
Later, the crimes escalated to murder.
Brian and Katie Maggiore were the first murders victims of the "Golden State Killer." In February 1978, they were shot and killed while walking their dog in the Sacramento area.
Murder victims Katie Maggiore and her husband Brian Maggiore were on an evening walk with their dog in their Rancho Cordova neighborhood when they were chased down and murdered, Feb. 2, 1978, Rancho Cordova, Calif.
FBI via AP, FILE
Brian Maggiore was a 21-year-old sergeant in the Air Force and his wife, Katie Maggiore, was 20, according to The Mercury News.
Their deaths also marked the "Golden State Killer"'s final attack in the Sacramento County Sheriff's Department's jurisdiction, according to The Sacramento Bee.
Janelle Cruz, 18, believed to be the final victim of the "Golden State Killer," was raped and murdered in 1986 in Irvine, California.
Cruz Family
Janelle Cruz was a "free spirit," with a "big heart," her sister, Michelle Cruz, said on "Good Morning America."
"She was the type of person that would stand up for you," Michelle Cruz said. "She was sort of my backbone."
But after she died, the family left Irvine and never returned, Michelle Cruz told ABC News on Wednesday.
Her sister's murder "completely changed my world, my life, my identity," Michelle Cruz said.
Michelle Cruz, a sister of victim Janelle Cruz, who was killed in 1986 in Irvine, Calif, appears on "Good Morning America," April 26, 2018.
"I kind of lived in sort of a bubble" for the first 20 years, Michelle Cruz said. "I never really talked about the case."
But she started talking about her sister's death more about eight years ago, she said, "hoping to spread awareness and solve the case."
She was always worried about her own safety, never staying home alone and barricading her windows and doors.
"I won't have to research this case for hours every day and miss out on my children and my family," she said. "I can finally breathe again."
'Golden State Killer' Case


Dish Network, one of the largest pay-TV providers in the United States, sees online piracy as a serious threat that can't be ignored. The company is hiring a new anti-piracy specialist who will be tasked with researching and monitoring various pirate sites, as well as making sure that eBay, Craigslist, and YouTube remain piracy-free.
With $15 billion in annual revenue, American satellite and broadcast provider Dish Network is a force to be reckoned with.
The company has been on a pirate crusade in recent years, filing several lawsuits against alleged pirate sources, including the popular Kodi-addon repository TVAddons.
TVAddons previously announced that it had reached a confidential settlement and this week the case was indeed dismissed. Dish, however, maintains dedicated to the piracy problem on other fronts.
In a new job listing the Fortune 200 company is looking for a fraud investigator with a special focus on researching and monitoring online piracy activities.
"DISH in Englewood, Colorado, is looking for an Investigator II to work on multiple projects with topics ranging from satellite piracy, IPTV violations, Intellectual Property violations, forum monitoring, Internet monitoring, and end-user cases," the posting reads.
One of the primary responsibilities of this position is to keep an eye on businesses and individuals that offer Dish content illegally. This covers streaming sites, IPTV services, and also Kodi-addons.
In addition, the job also requires daily monitoring of specific "targeted websites" and forums, and a summary of the activity on these platforms in daily reports.
Dish stresses that prospective candidates should be able to handle confidential information with discretion. They must also work with outside counsel, likely because their research could be used as the basis for future lawsuits.
Finally, the position demands that candidates help implement various takedown procedures, with Dish specifically highlighting eBay, Craigslist, and YouTube as services of interest.
While the job application reveals no groundbreaking details or plans, it's clear that Dish is taking piracy rather seriously. The company's efforts are clearly not limited to the occasional lawsuit.
And for those who like spending time trawling through piracy forums, it's good to know that Dish, and likely others, are reading along.


A man whose teenage brother was among four soldiers killed in the IRA's 1982 Hyde Park bombing says the families want to get one of the alleged bombers back in court for a civil case before the end of this year.
Mark Tipper, brother of victim Simon, said he and his wife sobbed with relief when they heard the news that - after five unsuccessful attempts - the families had been granted legal aid in their bid to bring Co Donegal man John Downey (66) before a civil court over the Hyde Park nail bomb.
Mr Tipper told the Belfast Telegraph that he had been inspired by the families of the Omagh bomb victims.
Legal history was made in 2013 when the Omagh bomb families took a civil case against Colm Murphy and Seamus Daly, who were found liable for the atrocity at their civil retrial.
Now the Hyde Park families hopes to replicate their success, and will use some of the same legal team.
Mr Downey was charged with the Hyde Park murders and stood trial at the Old Bailey in 2013. But the case dramatically collapsed after it was revealed he had received a written assurance from former prime minister Tony Blair's government that he was no longer wanted. The letter was issued under the terms of the controversial On-The-Runs (OTRs) scheme.
Trial judge Mr Justice Sweeney ruled that Mr Downey's arrest at Gatwick Airport, as he passed through the UK on the way to a holiday, represented an abuse of process and he put a stay on any future prosecution.
Downey has always denied any involvement in the attack.
The families of the murdered soldiers - Roy Bright, Anthony Daly, Simon Tipper and Geoffrey Young, all from the Household Cavalry - have served a writ signalling their intent to pursue a civil case against Mr Downey.
Mr Tipper said they hope the case will be heard towards the end of 2018. "After the case collapsed I was left in shock - it was then that the Omagh families inspired me to go through the civil courts," he said.
"But there has been a lot of fighting to get here. I felt like we had almost lost sight of our goal to hold someone to account for this after almost five years' fighting to get legal aid. I wasn't sure we would ever see this day."


Theresa May stressed the importance of the Union of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland in her Brexit plan speech at Lancaster House. Indeed, whether by deliberate choice or casual co-incidence she dressed in a Scottish tartan trouser suit while revealing her long-awaited vision of Britain's future after EU membership ends.
The government's much anticipated stance on the single European market was given pride of place in May's speech. Less certain in her articulation were the choices the country will ultimately face: future trade with the EU, and the impact on businesses, jobs and living standards.
Central to everything the prime minister said was the following assumption, based, presumably, on careful political calculation: that the union of the constituent parts of the United Kingdom would hold together, bound inexorably by the challenges now facing the entire nation.
Whether this represents a political gamble that backfires, only time will tell. Scotland faces a political quandary, Northern Ireland faces a political vacuum and the welsh government cannot protest too strongly about the United Kingdom's self-removal from the single market, given that the people of Wales voted to leave the EU in June last year.
What this also represents is a profound shift in the conventions of UK public policy-making. Theresa May's speech yesterday marks the break-up, at least in terms of policy-making by consensus, in parliament and the devolved administrations.
The prime minister established the meetings of the Joint Ministerial Committee (JMC) to bring together the political leadership of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It has met infrequently and the joint communiqués, issued by the Department for Exiting the European Union reveal very little detail about the tone or level of debate during these meetings.
This committee is the only formal mechanism by which the nations and regions of the United Kingdom can reach some form of joint strategy for the forthcoming negotiations with the other twenty-seven EU member states. It is clear from the interviews given by Nicola Sturgeon and Carwyn Jones that neither of these first ministers had any advance indication of the blunt messages the prime minister delivered in her speech. Arlene Foster, first minister in Northern Ireland is otherwise distracted by the aftermath of the Cash for Ash scandal and the imminent crisis elections on the 2nd of March.
It is almost impossible to ignore the politics of Brexit in considering the implications of Brexit on the policy-making processes that shape the relationship between the United Kingdom and the wider-world. Foreign policy development does not operate in a political vacuum. Equally, it is difficult to ignore the underlying political calculation in May's 12 point Brexit plan – she leads a government with a small majority of 14 MPs in the House of Commons.
The natural ebb and flow of the parliamentary sessions results, almost inevitably, in reducing government majorities even further. Perhaps the most apt comparison, at this stage, is between the Callaghan Labour government of 1976-1979 when a single-figure majority was reduced to the point where the government could not survive and an election followed, resulting in the Thatcher governments from 1979-1990. It is, therefore, not unreasonable to expect a prime minister, contemplating the potential need to secure an increased majority at the polls – perhaps before 2020 – to place political expediency above the need for calm, measured discussion with the devolved administrations of the union. Given the level of secrecy required for Whitehall to conduct its preparations, for the start of the tough discussions with the EU that the government faces in a matter of weeks, the JMC can be seen as little more than window dressing on the state of the union.
The longer-term consequences for the integrity of what binds the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom together, are unknown. It is not fanciful to imagine that public resentment in Scotland, that the popular will of the people is being deliberately ignored by Westminster – specifically, the conservative government – will lead, ultimately, to a second independence referendum. In Northern Ireland, despite the current political turmoil, a similar resentment could manifest itself when the prospect of a 'hard border' with the Republic of Ireland starts to loom large as the UK prepares to leave the EU. May has placed great trust in the European Union recognising that the continued benefits of relative peace in Northern Ireland require a special arrangement to negate the need for a physical border between this part of the UK and Éire. There is no guarantee that leaders of the EU27 will agree to this.
The only certainty inherent in the government's approach to Brexit is that it has abandoned any pretence that it wants to reach a consensus between England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, in its policy-making approach to Brexit. Clearly, in the case of Scotland, the prime minister has concluded that the first minister's stated aim of keeping Scotland in the single market is completely incompatible with her own judgement that membership of the single market and customs union, for the UK, represents continued EU membership by 'the back door'.
The devolution arrangements, particularly for Scotland and Westminster, have enabled politicians of different parties to coexist as separate but intertwined representatives of the people in delivering budgetary and practicable policy implementation of UK-wide policies. Devolved policy-making – that is policies designed, developed and implemented in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, were seen as a separate political and administrative necessity by Westminster.
May's speech yesterday could change this peaceful coexistence forever. Policy-making authority is being challenged. What right does Scotland have to try and influence UK national policy for Europe, especially after a UK-wide referendum requires the government in Westminster to carry out the instructions of the voters? What right does a conservative government, essentially representing only England and Wales, have in taking Scotland out of the single market and the European Union, when the people of Scotland voted overwhelmingly against this? What right does the government in London have in leading a process that results in citizens of Northern Ireland requiring passports to travel between Belfast and Dublin. These are profound political questions but they are also profound questions of principle in the policy-making processes that have served the union since the reign of Queen Victoria.
These questions will be at the heart of the discussions that lead to the final UK withdrawal agreement to be signed by Theresa May and her counterparts in the European Union.
If the implications inherent in these questions are not fully considered, and an amicable solution reached by consensus, the long-term future of national – United Kingdom – policy-making process could be at risk. Inevitably, this could have political and social consequences for the future of the union itself.
It will only be at the time of the vote in parliament, on the terms of the final withdrawal agreement, that we will know whether the prime minister's speech represented a reckless gamble or visionary leadership.


His recent success has helped establish Rossi as a true IndyCar star in the No. 98 for Andretti Herta Autosport.
Seven drivers – including Rossi – are still mathematically in the title race. Dixon, Helio Castroneves and 2016 Sonoma winner Simon Pagenaud are within 34 points of Newgarden. With racing luck, Rossi, Will Power and Graham Rahal could steal the crown, too; this race offers double points.
For Rossi, a Sonoma victory would be extra sweet.
Rossi, who turns 26 on Sept. 25, enjoys Sonoma Raceway, where he competed often as a teen before going overseas to race in Formula One and other open-wheel series.
"Sonoma's elevation change (160 feet from top to bottom of the 12-turn layout) is great," he said. "It's a track I really know well. I grew up at the kart track.
Did his second season live up to his expectations?
Admission: $15 Friday (practice); $35 Saturday (qualifying); $39-$75 Sunday (race day); $50 Sunday general admission at the gate; kids 12 and younger admitted free all three days.


text:
Biografia
Jessica Tuck ha interpretato il ruolo di Megan Gordon Harrison nella soap opera Una vita da vivere dal 1988 al 1992, riprendendo poi il ruolo in forma di spirito il 1993, 1999, e 2004. È anche apparsa nel ruolo di Gillian Gray nella serie Giudice Amy e ha recitato nel film della Disney High School Musical 3.

La Tuck ha vestito i panni di Nicole Brown Simpson nel film per la televisione The O.J. Simpson Story e ha avuto un ruolo importante in un film delle gemelle Olsen intitolato Billboard Dad. Dal 2008 al 2014 ha interpretato il ruolo ricorrente di Nan Flanagan nella serie televisiva True Blood.

Riconoscimenti
Nel 1992 è stata nominata per un Daytime Emmy Award nella categoria "Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series" per la sua interpretazione in One Life to Live. Nel 1990 è stata nominata nella premiazione Soap Opera Digest Award nella categoria "Outstanding Female Newcomer: Daytime" sempre per lo stesso ruolo.

Filmografia parziale

Cinema
 Who Shot Patakango?, regia di Robert Brooks (1989)
 Sol levante (Rising Sun), regia di Philip Kaufman (1993)
 Batman Forever, regia di Joel Schumacher (1995)
 Secretary, regia di Steven Shainberg (2002)
 Svalvolati on the road (Wild Hogs), regia di Walt Becker (2007)
 On the Doll, regia di Thomas Mignone (2007)
 High School Musical 3: Senior Year, regia di Kenny Ortega (2008)
 Crossing Over, regia di Wayne Kramer (2009)
 Super 8, regia di J. J. Abrams (2011)
 Model Minority, regia di Lily Mariye (2012)
 Honeyglue, regia di James Bird (2015)

Televisione
 Una vita da vivere (Once Life to Live) - soap opera (1988-1992)
 La signora in giallo (Murder, She Wrote) - serie TV, episodio 9x08 (1992)
 La tata (The Nanny) - serie TV, episodio 5x20 (1998)
 Giudice Amy (Judging Amy) - serie TV
 Criminal Minds - serie TV, episodio 2x11 (2006)
 Grey's Anatomy – serie TV, episodio 3x01 (2006)
 High School Musical 2, regia di Kenny Ortega – film TV (2007)
 La favolosa avventura di Sharpay (Sharpay's Fabulous Adventure), regia di Michael Lembeck – film TV (2011)
 Bones - serie TV, episodio 7x07 (2011-2012)
 La lista di Babbo Natale (Naughty or Nice), regia di David Mackay - film TV (2012)
 Rizzoli & Isles – serie TV, episodio 4x09 (2013)
 True Blood – serie TV, 22 episodi (2008-2014)
  Hart of Dixie – Serie TV (2011-2015)
 Upload – serie TV, 8 episodi (2020-2022)
 For All Mankind – serie TV, 7 episodi (2022)
 '' Law & Order i due volti della giustizia. Serie 21 episodio 4

Doppiatrici italiane

 Cristina Poccardi in True Blood
 Barbara Berengo Gardin in High School Musical 3: Senior Year
 Franca D'Amato in Super 8
 Carmen Iovine in Hand of God
 Valeria Falcinelli in Upload

Collegamenti esterni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Homoeopathy (=homoeopathy) is an alternative method of treatment, based on the nature's law of Cure, namely 'Like Cures Like'. The truth of this law was discovered by a German scientist Dr. Samuel Hahnemann in 1796, and has been verified experimentally and clinically for 200 years. Homoeopathy is the revolutionary, natural medical science. Homoeopathy is gentle and effective system of medicine. The remedies are prepared from natural substances to precise standards and work by stimulating the body's own healing power.
The concept of disease in homoeopathy is that disease is a total affection of mind and body, the disturbance of the whole organism. Individual organs are not the cause of illness but disturbance at the inner level (disturbance of the life force, the vital energy of the body) is the cause of illness. Therefore homoeopathy does not believe in giving different medicines for different afflicted parts of body but rather give one single constitutional remedy, which will cover the disturbance of the whole person. Homoeopathy treats the patient as a whole and not just the disease. Medical philosophy is coming more and more to the conclusion that the mere treatment of symptoms and organs can only help temporarily and that it is the healing power of the body as whole that has to be enhanced. Homoeopathy believes in holistic, totalistic and individualistic approach.
Homoeopathy has a unique approach of the method of preparation of the drugs in which the end result will contain only the 'dynamic curative power' of the drug substance, devoid of any original crude substance. By a special mode of preparation called 'potentization', over 2500 homoeopathic medicines are prepared from sources such as vegetables, animal, minerals, chemicals, etc. Hence homoeopathic remedies with its ultra minute dose are non-toxic, absolutely harmless and bring about safe and sure cure. Homoeopathic remedies are dynamic agents influencing body's energy.
Most of the children ailments like Cold, Cough, Fever, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Dysentery, Colic, Tonsillitis, Bronchitis, Asthma, Measles, Chickenpox, Mumps, Dentition problems, etc., could be very effectively and quickly treated with homoeopathy without producing any side effects whatsoever. Unlike antibiotics and other such medicines, homoeopathic pills do not hamper digestion, or lower body's resistance. Neither do they cause any allergies nor cause any damage even if taken over a long period. Children, willingly ingest homoeopathic pills being sweet in taste. Indeed, homoeopathy is child-friendly! Besides, homoeopathy is effective also in temperament and behavioral problems seen commonly in children like irritability, obstinacy, temper-tantrums, fears, phobias, destructiveness; and thumb- sucking, nail biting, bed-wetting; as well as in mentally and physically backward children.
The psychosomatic disorders like Migraine, Asthma, Acidity, Peptic ulcer, Allergy, Ulcerative colitis, etc. are successfully treated with homoeopathy Homoeopathy has long recognized the psychological origin of somatic (body) symptoms. Homoeopathy always examines patient's mental make-up in all cases and remedies are given acting at the level of mind and body together, thus eradicating the disease.
Perhaps no other system of medicine has such a superb approach of tackling the mind-body disorders with definite therapeutic agents. Homoeopathic remedies are capable of influencing the state of mind. They can specifically act to alleviate emotional disturbance such as excessive anxiety, irritability, insecurity, obsessive traits, undue jealousy, suspicion (paranoid) fears, depression, neurosis etc. By relieving the emotions such as above, homoeopathic remedies bring about harmonious state of health. Thus homoeopathy demonstrates the possibility of the highest goal of medicine, the therapy for the person rather than for the disease alone. Homoeopathic remedies can treat mental and emotional disturbed states.
In this scientific era of health consciousness, the time has come that for the treatment of any disease, which does not respond to any particular line of treatment, one must take a homoeopathic opinion immediately. Often patients lose their early time going to one specialist to another helplessly, without permanent relief, and approach homoeopathy only when other medicines fail.


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Александр Николаевич Авдонин (1923—1993) — русский поэт.

Биография
Родился 18 ноября 1923 года в селе Лопатино Тарусского уезда Калужской губернии в крестьянской семье. Семья была по тем временам обычной: шестеро детей, мать — простая колхозница, отец — бухгалтер в Тарусе. Начальную школу будущий поэт окончил в Лопатине, а среднюю — в Тарусе, куда переехала семья.

Участник Великой Отечественной войны, радист, за боевые заслуги награждён орденами и медалями.

После увольнения из армии заочно окончил МГУ. Работал первым секретарём Тарусского райкома ВЛКСМ, заведующим отделом областной газеты «Молодой ленинец», редактором одной из районных газет Калужской области, старшим редактором Приокского книжного издательства.

Первые стихи напечатаны в 1947 году в газете Южной группы войск «Советский воин».

Первая книга стихов вышла в 1958 году. Вторая «Откровение» — в 1962-м. За ними последовали сборники «Время и сердце», «Искорка», «Тарусский причал» и другие.

Сборник стихов и поэм «Полдень» опубликован в 1973 году московским издательством «Современник», и там же была издана книга «Над вечной рекой» (1983).

Был ответственным секретарем Калужской областной организации Союза писателей.

Умер в августе 1993 года в Калуге.

Сочинения
 Мелодии любви [Текст] / Александр Авдонин / Тула : Приок. кн. изд-во, 1978
 Авдонин, Александр Николаевич. Хорошие знакомые [Текст] : [Стихи]. Калуга : Газ. «Знамя», 1958
 Авдонин, Александр Николаевич. Хлеб, любовь и звезды [Текст] : [Стихи] / [Ил.: В. Луканин]. Тула : Приок. кн. изд-во, 1967
 Авдонин, Александр Николаевич Первая учительница [Текст] : [Е. А. Добромыслова. Сред. школа № 1 Малоярославца]. Тула : Приок. кн. изд-во, 1966
 Авдонин, Александр Николаевич. Откровение [Текст] : Стихи. Калуга : Кн. изд-во, 1962
 Авдонин, Александр Николаевич Искорка [Текст] : Стихи. Тула : Приок. кн. изд-во, 1965
 Авдонин, Александр Николаевич Время и сердце [Текст] : Стихи. Калуга : Кн. изд-во, 1963
 Поле жизни : Стихи, поэмы / Александр Авдонин; [Худож. Н. В. Акиншин]. Тула : Приок. кн. изд-во, 1983.
 Калуга [Текст] : [Альбом репродукций] / [Предисл. А. Авдонина]; [Репродукции Е. Киреев, Р. Курчик, Ф. Елгин [и др.]]. Москва : Сов. художник, 1971
 Авдонин, Александр Николаевич Тарусский причал [Текст] : [Лирич. повесть]. [Встреча на вокзале] : [Поэма]. [Когда цвела черемуха] : [Отрывок из поэмы] / [Ил.: Тула : Приок. кн. изд-во, 1970
 Авдонин, Александр Николаевич. Полдень [Текст] : Стихи и поэмы. Москва : Современник, 1973
 Авдонин, Александр Николаевич Влюбленность [Текст] : Стихи и поэмы / [Ил.: Н. А. Ращектаев] [Тула] : Приок. кн. изд-во, 1973.
 Влюбленность : стихи и поэмы / А. Н. Авдонин; [худож. Н. А. Ращектаев]. — Тула : Приокское книжное издательство, 1973. — 152 с. : ил. ; 14 см. — Содерж.: Стихи. Поэмы : Тарусский причал ; Встреча на вокзале. — 15000 экз.
 Над вечной рекой : стихи, поэмы / А. Н. Авдонин. — Москва : Современник, 1983. — 109 с. : ил. ; 16 см. — Содерж.: Стихи ; Поэмы: Ранний хлеб ; Встреча на вокзале ; Тарусский причал : лирическая повесть. — 20000 экз.
 Мелодии любви / Александр Авдонин. — Тула : Приокское книжное издательство, 1978. — 223 с. : ил. ; 17 см. — (Кн. лирики). — Циклы : Передний край ; Время и судьбы ; Простор ; Есть эта тайна.. — 15000 экз.

Примечания

Источники

 Выставка-просмотр «Писатели Калужского края: участники Великой Отечественной войны» // Сайт Калужской областной библиотеки имени Белинского. 18 марта 2016 года.

Русские поэты
Выпускники МГУ


Helping you find Alcohol Free Beer and Wine!
I was chilling out the other night watching " That sunday night show" on ITV1 and was surprised to know that Bavaria Wit beer and original sponsors the show!
I was so happy I did a little dance..
It's the first alcohol free advert I have seen in the UK. Perfect for Sunday nights when most people are thinking about going back to work Monday and can't really get drunk or have one to many..
I love Bavaria, it tastes just as good as normal beer so I drink it all the time now. It is great to be able to have a beer at any time without having to worry about any repercussions. I only wish I could get this or something as good in pubs and restaurants then I simply would give up alcohol altogether.
Veltins Alcohol Free On Draught!


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Home USA National Lucky Virginia Couple Wins Lottery Three Times
Lucky Virginia Couple Wins Lottery Three Times
Tue April 1, 2014
In what seems too hard to believe, the couple from Portsmouth, Virginia collected a winner's pot totaling $2,050,000 in three separate games within a span of just over two weeks.
On March 12, the couple casually picked up a Powerball ticket and won $1 million.
Later in the month, on March 26, Mr. Spencer decided to play the Virginia Lottery's Pick 4 game, purchasing several game tickets. He ended up collecting a whopping $50,000 on 10 winning tickets.
The next day, soon after dropping off his wife at an appointment, Mr. Spencer decided to purchase a Virginia Lottery Scratcher ticket called the "$100 Million Extravaganza." Guess what? He won the $1 million prize, which was one of four that are given out in the game.
After the last winning, Mr. Spencer, excited and in awe, announced to his wife, "Baby, we did it again!"
The Powerball online winners were announced on Wednesday, March 12 at 10:59 p.m., with the numbers: 14, 15, 28, 37, 54, and the red Powerball number of 10. The jackpot was $60 million, which no one won.
The Spencers, however, matched five of the six white ball numbers to land $1 million. The Powerball ticket was purchased at Barber's Tire & Auto, in Norfolk as well, and was the winning that set things in motion.
Mr. Spencer won the $50,000 by choosing precisely the right set of four matching numbers when the combination of 6-6-6-6 was drawn on March 26 for the Pick 4 day drawing. This number combination is popular and the Lottery usually pays out better when it's chosen.
Mr. Spencer happened to choose that very combination on 10 tickets that day. Each winning Pick 4 ticket earns the player $5,000, so for the Spencers, that meant a nice $50 Grand.
The $1 million winning from the $100 Million Extravaganza is an annuity. This gave the Spencers the choice of collecting $1 million over 30 years or taking a lump sum prize of $681,000 before taxes. The couple opted for the cash option.
The winning Extravaganza ticket was purchased at a 7-Eleven store located in Norfolk, Virginia. The Lottery awarded this store with a $10,000 bonus for selling the winning ticket.
The $100 Million Extravaganza consists of prizes that range from $20 to $4 million. The second largest prize is the $1 million payout, one of which the Spencers won. The game offers a total of $100 million in total prizes. With the Spencers claiming just one of the $1 million of the pot, three other $1 million winners are expected to come forth and claim.
The NY Daily News reports that, despite the multiple winning within a month, the couple has no plans to stop playing the Lottery. "We're not finished yet," said Mr. Spencer.
No doubt, the Spencers have seen their fair share of attention in the past two days, which should prepare them for more as friend and family congratulate and celebrate alongside the newfound millionaires.


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Q: Debugging vanishing share box on Facebook I have a few Facebook groups and pages and they all work fine with sharing whatever I want. But on my main page (last 24 hrs), whenever I try to share something, all that happens is the share box pops up for a millisecond (no text) and simply vanishes.
I've tried it in both Chrome and Firefox, and on different computers, cleared caches, the lot; same result. It's a fully public page too, so it's not a security issue, I would think.
At the moment, the only way I'm able to get a rough idea what's going on, is using Chrome's right click → inspect element, or Firefox'es similar function. I'm not sure what I am looking for though, and I presume there is better software to debug things like this.
What software or plugins do you need to see what the code is actually doing as it executes? And hopefully highlight hangup points or show me where the issue likely is.

A: If this is an issue with Facebook products and not an issue with platform, the best way to highlight this issue is to file a bug report using Facebook's Report form (https://www.facebook.com/help/326603310765065/). It is highly likely that this is a known issue that engineers are working on, but it doesn't hurt to report the bug.


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Q: Define global variable before importing ES6 module I have recently switched from CommonJS to ES6 modules in my NodeJS project. One of the challenge I'm facing is to define a global variable before I import one of my module. I used to do that with CommonJS in my main file:

const path = require('path');

global.appRoot = path.resolve(__dirname);

const myObj = require('./my-object-file');

where my my-object-file uses global.appRoot.
With ES6, I have tried the following:
import path from 'path';

global.appRoot = path.resolve(path.resolve());

import myObj from './my-object-file';

with my-object-file.js being:
export default {
    root: global.appRoot
}

But I get undefined for global.appRoot in my-object-file.js.
What is going on here?
Are import modules called before anything in my code?
How can I solve this (knowing that I absolutely want to be able to define the path as a global variable accessible in my modules)?

A:
Are import modules called before anything in my code?

Yes, all module imports are resolved before any code in the importing module runs.
However, imported modules are also executed in order, so if you do
import './setupGlobals';
import myObj from './my-object-file';

then the setupGlobals module code is executed before the my-object-file one. So it will work when do
// setupGlobals.mjs
import path from 'path';
global.appRoot = path.resolve(path.resolve());

I absolutely want to be able to define the path as a global variable accessible in my modules

No, you really don't want to do that. Instead of a global variable that might be created anywhere, explicitly declare your dependency!
If you have a separate module to define your globals anyways, just make that export those variables instead of putting the values on the global object:
// globals.mjs
import path from 'path';
const appRoot = path.resolve(path.resolve());
export { appRoot as default }

Then you can declaratively use this global constant in any of your modules:
// my-object-file.js:

import appRoot from './globals';

export default {
    root: appRoot
}

A: I like Bergi's answer with:
import appRoot from './globals';

Then, any file that wants to can get access to appRoot and you preserve modularity.
But, in addition to that approach, my suggestion in comments was that rather than setting a global before you import, you export a function from your module and call that function, passing it the desired path.  This is a general purpose way of passing initialization parameters to a module from the parent module without using globals.
And, I suggest you use the import.meta.url work-around for creating the equivalent of __dirname as outline here.  What you were doing with path.resolve() is just getting you the current working directory, which is not necessarily __dirname as it depends upon how this module was loaded for whether they are the same or not.  Besides if you just wanted the equivalent of cwd, you could just use process.cwd() anyway in your child module.  Here's the equivalent for __filename and __dirname in an ESM module.
// create __dirname and __filename equivalents in ESM module
import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
import { dirname } from 'path';

const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
const __dirname = dirname(__filename);

Then, import the module initialization function (sometimes called a module constructor) and call the module constructor:
import myObjConstructor from './my-object-file';
const myObj = myObjConstructor(__dirname);
Then, inside of my-object-file, you export a function and when that function is called, you initialize your module using the passed in __dirname and return the myObj.
So, inside of my-object-file:
function init(__dirname) {
   // do whatever you want for module initialization
   // using __dirname

   return yourObj;
}

export { init as default };


Managing your creativity is one of the difficult parts about being a writer. Now this may sound like an odd concept because most people view creativity as something that we react to. We often describe inspiration as something that strikes, is fleeting, it rarely comes when we want it to. There seems to be so much waiting around that It's no wonder that Greek mythology described inspiration as a bunch of fickle spirits called called muses.
While creativity may seem like a passive process, it really isn't. When writing is your business, you really can't wait around for inspiration or else you might be flat broke. It's the worst feeling in the world to sit down to write and inspiration is nowhere near your computer, but that should never deter you from attempting to write anyway.
Creativity is an active process that needs stimulation and proper direction to surface. To put it another way, the muse does not reward the writer that simply waits around for her. She rewards the writer that seeks her out and wants to put her to work.
Creativity becomes necessary when we are challenged to do something. We turn to it when there are problems that need to be solved and we create space for it when we are totally focused on finding a solution.
When writing fiction, finding creative solutions to narrative problems both large and small is the biggest challenge. On a small scale the hardest part is writing scenes that are coherent and flow well. That requires me to solve problems that have to do with point of view, believable dialogue and proper description. On a larger level it's plotting the story so that all these disparate scenes form a coherent narrative.
Creativity needs space to operate. It require you to allow room for solutions and new ideas to flow through. Often the challenge is keeping your inner space clear enough to be inspired. If you're worried or distracted about something, then you are crowding out creativity.
There is such a thing as creating too much space for creativity. I'm the type of writer that gets easily absorbed in my work. When the muse strike, she comes in a flood that won't ever leave me alone until it's down on the page. I can get so absorbed in a concept or idea that it consumes all of my focus.
Until that idea is written down and articulated in some way, I can be very distracted and often lose touch with what is going on around me. If I'm not careful, a single piece of writing can take over my life to the point where other important projects can fall by the wayside.
Managing your creativity is essential to being successful. Creativity can become unwieldy when you can't put down the Muse for a while and focus on things that are equally important to your writing life.
Blogging went on a two week hiatus because an idea for a short story took hold and simply would not let go. It's now completed and in the editing process, but it made me realize that working this way isn't efficient.
The flip side of this is not creating enough space for yourself to be creative. There are the people that wait their entire lives for inspiration to come and often never get around to starting a creative project. Or they ride the initial momentum then burn out before they even get to the finish line.
People like this can wait around their entire lives before ever starting that book, poem or painting. Often, they don't schedule time to do their art and let themselves be swept away by other things that are "more important" than the creative project they hope to finish.
Creativity rewards active people. It lends itself to those who seek to use it and becomes most effective for those who know how to manage it.
The first step to doing this is to set the edges of all the projects that you have. You can't apply your creativity to something if you really don't know what you are doing. Think about all the steps necessary to accomplish a goal. Be specific, make sure to write them down and review them as much as possible.
Creating space for creativity also means knowing when you've started and when you've finished. The Muse is more likely to visit if she knows you will be working at 6 a.m. every morning to finish a short story due by Sunday.
The second step is to be aware of all your commitments so you do not neglect any one aspect of your life. Disappearing off the face of the planet for long periods of time simply because a single project took over your life is not a healthy balance.
Know when to put down the pen and work on something else. Make sure that you are still taking the time to properly deal with other issues aside from writing that allow you to be successful like planning, market research and maintaining your social media presence.
Third is to make sure that you are always in the moment. Worry, fear, doubt and distraction are not proper places for creativity to show up. If you were thorough in defining your goals for a project and you're clear about how you are going to deal with all the other commitments that surround your writing life, then you've done much of the work to clear your inner space and allow creativity to come through.
Realize that obsessive focus on the end goal is not a good thing either. If you are constantly thinking about the end of a project rather than the step you are taking at that particular moment then that tends to choke off creativity. Remember that creativity thrives on being active and in the present. If you are worried about something in the past or obsess about the end goal to the point where you neglect the present then you leave no room to be creative.


What is web presence you will ask?. Many people are probably telling you that all you need is a website and the world wide web will deliver more business than you ever had straight to your door. This is at best half true. A website is an important part of your web presence but is is only part of the solution. There are a lot of things to be considered in maximizing your investment in the web.
Web presence is the concept that when people are looking for something on the web and find your business they will get a good impression of your business.
If a link to your website is shown in a general web search does the entry give the searcher enough info to want to click on the link for more information. Also is the link close enough to the top of the results that the searcher even sees the link.
If the searcher is searching for a business in a business directory does the result for your business get clicked on. Your website may be wonderful but if the business directory entry just shows a business name and phone number will they click on it to get to your website?
Below are some of the points that I feel are important in the web presence concept above just having a website for your business.
The content of the website is an important part of your web presence. It needs to be current and show to first time visitors that your business is well established, currently doing business and has what they are looking for. Equally important is the site needs to be designed so that search engines will find the site no matter what the potential customer is searching for and will rank the site high enough on the search results so that a potential customer will see your website.
Pictures and other flashy web technologies may give your website a killer look but some of these technologies are ignored by search engines. Certainly a zippy lively website has its place to keep viewers interested in your business. Equally important is presenting your information in a manner that is friendly to search engines so your customers will find your website in the first place. Wherever possible you want to use the search engines to drive business to your website instead of having to use expensive paid web adds or Email marketing campaigns.
For example the Remember When antique mall has a dealer who does doll repair. The website content and business directory entries for Remember When need to indicate that this service is available at Remember When. This insures that searchers for "doll repair" will see the malls website and directory entries and be assured that if they click on them they will get that service there.
In addition to content on the pages I understand how to present the content so people and most importantly search engines will see and appreciate the content. Understanding Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is an important part of how the content is presented on the web site pages. Using page Meta Data, placing words in different HTML tags, placement on the page and many other factors can tell search engines that your page is the best place to send people for the key information on your web page. It is important to have a good understanding of the nuts and bolts behind what you see on the screen when developing a website that both your customers and the search engines will like.
Adding pictures to the basic directory. These pictures add pizazz to the entry and say to the viewer that the business is successful and thriving. The search engines also use these pictures in some directory search lists. In such a list a picture is defiantly worth more than a thousand words.
Even the best website needs some maintenance. You want to keep the content current with the seasons. Talk about Christmas or Valentine gift ideas and show special products you may have on sale. This shows first time and returning visitors that your business is a going concern that is worth coming to. I can provide you with whatever level of maintenance you may need for your website. If you have an existing website that you have issues with I can also work with you to improve and maintain the site.
The infrastructure used to host your website is an important consideration in the value you receive on your web presence investment. I can arrange web hosting packages appropriate for the type of website you want and the web presence services you are using. Depending on what you need I may be able to get free hosting for your site and if not will insure you are only paying for the services that your individual site needs. I will also insure your website is designed and implemented to be compatible with the hosting package.
Many people fret that all the cool domain names are taken. Without a cool domain name how will people find my web site.
While it is true that most of the cool domain names are already taken it is not a big issue for a local business. While people may type in a web address for IBM or Apple and expect to go to their website for most businesses they find the website by first doing a search. My web presence work will insure that most search results will show a link to your website.
I am pleased to provide the Central Valley including Modesto, Turlock, Gustine, Newman, Patterson, Merced and Ripon with all their web presence needs.
Copyright © 2011 Richard Crouch Web Presence. All Rights Reserved.


Words In Words Ultimate Edition - The Ultimate Word Puzzle Game for all ages.The app covers 50000+ words. Words In Words will make words using letters from another word. Earn points as you make Words. Comes in multiple levels and multiple modes. Time play and Game play modes with various difficulty levels. It is a challenging Word game in which you will have to put all the letters of a work back in the right order. Entertaining game and a great way to pass time while engaging and challenging your brain. Addictive and easy to play. Play, have fun with your friends and family.