text:
Fresh iPhone Apps October 4: Cribview, iDownloader, Zappos Mobile and more…
Zappos.com comes to the iPad, and a new iPhone app that helps you share images of your crib are all part of today's Fresh iPhone apps. Cribview (iPhone) Free At first, reading the description of this app makes it seem totally creepy. Cribview is described as "the next step in Street View" which allows "your […]
Zappos.com comes to the iPad, and a new iPhone app that helps you share images of your crib are all part of today's Fresh iPhone apps.
Cribview (iPhone) Free
At first, reading the description of this app makes it seem totally creepy. Cribview is described as "the next step in Street View" which allows "your friends to look right into your place." If you're getting the vibe related to seeing someone, possibly wearing a hockey mask and carrying a machete, standing at the window and looking into your apartment – you're not alone.
But Cribview is not some sort of satellite-enabled Big Brother program. Instead, it's an app that lets you upload photos of your "crib," or place of residence, in order to create a virtual tour that other people with the app can access.
Cribview lets you share your tour and photos with friends on Facebook and allows you to limit who can and cannot see it – but if you're not crazy about privacy, making your crib public allows others to rate it.
iDownloader (iPad, iPhone)$0.99
This app only has a few components but helps for people looking for a way to download things from the Internet onto various devices. iDownloader has its own integrated web browser and a file download manager, and is specially designed to pluck files from the net, rather than just browse around.
According to the app description, the file manager portion of the app makes it so you can access and play various media files you download, including movies and music, and should also allow you to read documents from your iPad or iPhone.
READ More than 30 billion apps downloaded to date
Zappos Mobile (iPad) Free
Another free app from a shopping website, Zappos Mobile funnels all the functions people who use Zappos.com like about the site into a mobile app.
The app lets you do all the cool things you might otherwise do with the website, like compare prices with a ton of other outlets, and you can also make secure purchases through the app from your iPad. Zappos fans should fine some use, as it seems as though the app handles like a lot of other great free shopping apps, such as Amazon Mobile (which happens to own Zappos).
miCal – Missing Calendar (iPhone) $1.99
The developers of miCal make a big deal about the app being different, and it does seem to include a lot of interesting features for a calendar app.
Chief among those cool features is the ability to plan events and integrate your contacts list into the app, so it automatically sends out e-mails to the people you want to show up without any additional work from you. miCal includes a ton of different reminder and appointment settings, which allows you to keep yourself organized down to intervals of five minutes.
Hopefully, you're not that busy. If you are, miCal has you covered.
Yomu EBook Reader – Everything You Could Need, And…
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Phil Hornshaw ›
Phil Hornshaw is a freelance writer, editor and author living in Los Angeles, dividing his time between playing video games, playing video games on his cell phone, and writing about playing video games. He's also the co-author of So You Created a Wormhole: The Time Traveler's Guide to Time Travel, which attempts to mix time travel pop culture with some semblance of science, as well as tips on the appropriate means of riding dinosaurs. Check out his Google+ profile.


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Community Planning (CMPL)
Facilities and Special Resources
Graduate Degree Program
School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation
The Urban Studies and Planning Program offers graduate study leading to the Master of Community Planning (MCP) degree. (The School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation, in which the MCP program is located, offers a Ph.D. in Urban and Regional Planning and Design -- see URPD for details). The MCP Program is accredited by the Planning Accreditation Board of the American Institute of Certified Planners and the Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning. Dual Masters degrees in Planning and Architecture, Planning and Historic Preservation, and Planning and Landscape Architecture are offered. There is a transfer of credit agreement with the School of Law on the Baltimore campus as part of a joint JD and MCP program. There is also a cooperative program with the PhD program in Policy Sciences at the UMBC campus. Entering students have diverse academic backgrounds, such as architecture, fine arts, English, history, business, geography, sociology, economics, and political science. The Program's faculty specialize in metropolitan and regional planning, housing, transportation planning, environmental and land use planning, social policy, quantitative planning methods, urban design, and economic development planning. Employment opportunities remain strong for graduates in a highly competitive field. The Baltimore-Washington metropolitan region offers diverse employment potential in urban planning and program management in the public, private, and non-profit sectors.
Aside from student loans through the university, MCP students are eligible to apply for graduate assistantships with URSP and the National Center for Smart Growth Research and Education. MCP applicants who are also Peace Corps veterans are eligible to apply for the Shriver Peaceworker fellowship program that is administered by the University of Maryland Baltimore County. Please note that competition is high for these financial awards. The program also maintains a list of internships, and many of our students work in part- or full-time jobs while completing the program. Program classes are scheduled to begin at 4:00 p.m. and 7:00 p.m. to accommodate our working students.
Clara E Irazábal Zurita, Arch., M.Sc., M.Arch., Ph.D.
Urban Studies and Planning Program
School of Architecture, Planning, & Preservation
1244 Architecture Building
Email: irazabal@umd.edu
Website: http://www.arch.umd.edu
Courses: URSP
Relationships: Architecture (ARCH)
TOEFL/IELTS/PTE (international graduate students)
Program-Specific Requirements
Letters of Recommendation (3)
Writing Samples (optional, up to 3)
Portfolio PDF Upload (optional)
Graduate Record Examination (GRE) (optional)
The application process consists of the following:
First, fill out the on-line application for the University of Maryland Graduate School. The administrative code for the Community Planning program is "CMPL."
Second, submit all transcripts, three professional letters of recommendation, statement of purpose, resume, official GRE test scores, and portfolio as part of the application.
All applicants must have a bachelor's degree from an accredited institution. There is no restriction on the applicants' previous field of study, and indeed we encourage diversity in all senses
Graduate Application Deadlines-Fall
Type of Applicant
Fall Deadline
US Citizens and Permanent Residents January 13, 2023
F (student) or J (exchange visitor) visas; A, E, G, H, I and L visas and immigrants January 13, 2023
RESOURCES AND LINKS:
Program Website: http://www.arch.umd.edu
Application Process: gradschool.umd.edu/admissions
Community Planning, Master of Community Planning (M.C.P.)
The University of Maryland is an excellent location for the pursuit of community planning, and graduate students are encouraged to take advantage of the opportunities. The university is eight miles from the incomparable library and research facilities of Washington, D.C. In the nations's capital, UMCP graduate students have access to, among other resources, the Library of Congress, the specialized collections of professional associations and international organizations, and agencies at all levels of government. The College Park campus is a 45-minute drive from Baltimore City, whose planning programs have gained national attention. At least two planning studio courses are offered each year, in either Baltimore, the Washington metropolitan area, or an international setting. Baltimore city and Washington, D.C. are ideal laboratories for students interested in research on urban issues and planning.
Urban Studies and Planning is one of five graduate degree programs in the University's School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation. The School administers the National Center for Smart Growth Research and Education, which involves faculty and graduate students from several campus units in: multi-disciplinary research on the fiscal, environmental and social impacts of alternative development patterns; evaluation of growth management strategies (with a focus on Maryland's Smart Growth programs); technical assistance to state agencies and local jurisdictions; and training programs for federal program managers and state and local officials.
First/Middle Name
Graduate Faculty Status
Academic Credentials
Bierbaum Ariel Full Member BA, University of Pennsylvania, 2000; MCP, 2005; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, PhD, University of California-Berkeley 2016 Assistant Professor, Urban and Regional Planning and Design
Assistant Professor, Community Planning
Chengri Ding Full Member B.S., Beijing Normal University, 1986; M.S., Sinica Academy of Sciences, 1989; Ph.D., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1996. Professor, Community Planning
Dawkins Casey Full Member BS, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995; MCP, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999; PhD, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003 Director, Urban and Regional Planning and Design
Professor, Urban and Regional Planning and Design
Professor, Community Planning
Dempwolf C. Scott Full Member SB, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987; MCRP, Temple University, 2007; PhD, University of Maryland, 2012 Adjunct Associate Professor, Community Planning
Hendricks Marccus Full Member BA, University of North Texas, 2010, MPH, Texas A&M University, 2013; PhD, Texas A&M University, 2017 Assistant Professor, Urban and Regional Planning and Design
Irazabal Zurita Clara Full Member BArch, Central University of Venezuala, 1987; MArch, University of California at Berkeley; PhD, University of California at Berkeley, 2002 Director, Community Planning
Iseki Hiroyuki Full Member Ph.D. University of California, Los Angeles Associate Professor, Urban and Regional Planning and Design
Associate Professor, Community Planning
Knaap Gerrit Full Member B.S., Willamette University-Salem, 1978; M.S., University of Oregon, 1982; Ph.D., 1982. Professor, Urban and Regional Planning and Design
Lung-Amam WIllow Full Member BS Stanford, 2000; MCP University of Maryland, 2007; PhD University of California, Berkeley, 2012 Associate Professor, Community Planning

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How to count which rows are meeting conditions in r? I have a dataset of groups of genes that I filter to select the best gene per group with some conditions:
Data:
 Group Gene      Score     direct_count   secondary_count
    1   AQP11    0.5566507       4               5
    1   CLNS1A   0.2811747       0               2
    1   RSF1     0.5469924       3               6
    2   CFDP1    0.4186066       1               2
    2   CHST6    0.4295135       1               3
    3   ACE      0.634           1               1
    3   NOS2     0.6345          1               1
    4   Gene1    0.7             0               1
    4   Gene2    0.61            1               0
    4   Gene3    0.62            0               1

Filtering:
dt %>%
  group_by(Group) %>%
  filter((max(Score) - Score)<0.05) %>%
  slice_max(direct_count, n = 1) %>%
  slice_max(secondary_count, n = 1) %>%
  ungroup()

I am looking to be able to count how may genes are being filtered at which step in the above code.
So for example my conditions I am applying with this code are:

*

*Select the gene with the highest score if the score difference between the top scored gene and all others in the group is >0.05

*If the score difference between the top gene and any other genes in a group is <0.05 then select the gene with a higher direct_count only selecting between those genes with a <0.05 distance to the top scored gene per group

*If the direct_count is the same select the gene with the highest secondary_count

*If all counts are the same select all genes <0.05 distance to each other.
I've been able to count the genes meeting my first condition (>0.05 score) doing:
new_df <- dt %>%
  group_by(Group) %>%
  filter((max(Score) - Score)<0.05)

count1 <- new_df[!(duplicated(new_df$Group) | duplicated(new_df$Group, fromLast = TRUE)), ]

I've been trying to apply similar rules to get counts of how many genes are meeting conditions for higher direct_count or higher secondary_count or matching  direct_count and secondary_count, but different code I try gives different numbers so I'm not sure what is the best way.
Input data:
#Input data before filtering with code above:

structure(list(Group = c(1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 4L, 4L, 4L), Gene = c("AQP11",
"CLNS1A", "RSF1", "CFDP1", "CHST6", "ACE", "NOS2", "Gene1","Gene2","Gene3"), Score = c(0.5566507,
0.2811747, 0.5269924, 0.4186066, 0.4295135, 0.634, 0.6345, 0.7, 0.62, 0.61), direct_count = c(4L,
0L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L), secondary_count = c(5L, 2L, 6L, 2L,
3L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 1L)), row.names = c(NA, -10L), class = c("data.table",
"data.frame"))

#Input data after filtering with code applied above:

structure(list(Group = c(1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 4L, 4L,
4L), Gene = c("AQP11", "CLNS1A", "RSF1", "CFDP1", "CHST6", "ACE",
"NOS2", "Gene1", "Gene2", "Gene3"), Score = c(0.5566507, 0.2811747,
0.5269924, 0.4186066, 0.4295135, 0.634, 0.6345, 0.7, 0.62, 0.61
), direct_count = c(4L, 0L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L),
    secondary_count = c(5L, 2L, 6L, 2L, 3L, 1L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 1L
    )), row.names = c(NA, -10L), class = c("data.table", "data.frame"
))

This example data I've made should have 1 gene group selected by >0.05 score, 1 gene group filtered by larger direct_count and 2 gene groups filtered by secondary_count. Ideally I am aiming to count the number of groups and be able to pull them out of the dataset.
Output from example would just be a count like:
Genes filtered by >0.05 score: 1
Genes filtered by direct_count: 1
Genes filtered by secondary_count: 2

A: Count
Basically, before and after each filter, you calculate the number of rows available and you save it in a new column.
library(dplyr)
dt %>%
  group_by(Group) %>%
  mutate(filter0 = n()) %>%
  filter((max(Score) - Score)<0.05) %>%
  mutate(filter1 = n()) %>%
  slice_max(direct_count, n = 1) %>%
  mutate(filter2 = n()) %>%
  slice_max(secondary_count, n = 1) %>%
  mutate(filter3 = n()) %>%
  ungroup()

#> # A tibble: 5 x 9
#>   Group Gene  Score direct_count secondary_count filter0 filter1 filter2 filter3
#>   <int> <chr> <dbl>        <int>           <int>   <int>   <int>   <int>   <int>
#> 1     1 AQP11 0.557            4               5       3       2       1       1
#> 2     2 CHST6 0.430            1               3       2       2       2       1
#> 3     3 ACE   0.634            1               1       2       2       2       2
#> 4     3 NOS2  0.634            1               1       2       2       2       2
#> 5     4 Gene1 0.7              0               0       3       1       1       1

Show filters explicitly
Or you can keep track of the filters in this way.
Each column shows if the row was selected or not at each filtering.
library(dplyr)
dt %>%
  group_by(Group) %>%
  mutate(filter1 = (max(Score) - Score)<0.05) %>%
  mutate(filter2 = rank(-replace(direct_count, !filter1, -Inf), ties.method = "min") == 1) %>%
  mutate(filter3 = rank(-replace(secondary_count, !filter2, -Inf), ties.method = "min") == 1) %>%
  ungroup()

#> # A tibble: 10 x 8
#>    Group Gene   Score direct_count secondary_count filter1 filter2 filter3
#>    <int> <chr>  <dbl>        <int>           <int> <lgl>   <lgl>   <lgl>
#>  1     1 AQP11  0.557            4               5 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE
#>  2     1 CLNS1A 0.281            0               2 FALSE   FALSE   FALSE
#>  3     1 RSF1   0.527            3               6 TRUE    FALSE   FALSE
#>  4     2 CFDP1  0.419            1               2 TRUE    TRUE    FALSE
#>  5     2 CHST6  0.430            1               3 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE
#>  6     3 ACE    0.634            1               1 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE
#>  7     3 NOS2   0.634            1               1 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE
#>  8     4 Gene1  0.7              0               0 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE
#>  9     4 Gene2  0.62             1               0 FALSE   FALSE   FALSE
#> 10     4 Gene3  0.61             0               1 FALSE   FALSE   FALSE

If you filter by the last column (filter3) you actually get the same output of the dplyr pipe you shared in your question.
library(dplyr)
dt %>%
  group_by(Group) %>%
  mutate(filter1 = (max(Score) - Score)<0.05) %>%
  mutate(filter2 = rank(-replace(direct_count, !filter1, -Inf), ties.method = "min") == 1) %>%
  mutate(filter3 = rank(-replace(secondary_count, !filter2, -Inf), ties.method = "min") == 1) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(filter3)
#> # A tibble: 5 x 8
#>   Group Gene  Score direct_count secondary_count filter1 filter2 filter3
#>   <int> <chr> <dbl>        <int>           <int> <lgl>   <lgl>   <lgl>
#> 1     1 AQP11 0.557            4               5 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE
#> 2     2 CHST6 0.430            1               3 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE
#> 3     3 ACE   0.634            1               1 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE
#> 4     3 NOS2  0.634            1               1 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE
#> 5     4 Gene1 0.7              0               0 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE

Visual Aid
If it is easier for you to visually see how filters evolve, remember you can split your data with group_split, like this:
library(dplyr)
dt %>%
  group_by(Group) %>%
  mutate(filter1 = (max(Score) - Score)<0.05) %>%
  mutate(filter2 = rank(-replace(direct_count, !filter1, -Inf), ties.method = "min") == 1) %>%
  mutate(filter3 = rank(-replace(secondary_count, !filter2, -Inf), ties.method = "min") == 1) %>%
  group_split()

OUTPUT:
<list_of<
  tbl_df<
    Group          : integer
    Gene           : character
    Score          : double
    direct_count   : integer
    secondary_count: integer
    filter1        : logical
    filter2        : logical
    filter3        : logical
  >
>[4]>
[[1]]
# A tibble: 3 x 8
  Group Gene   Score direct_count secondary_count filter1 filter2 filter3
  <int> <chr>  <dbl>        <int>           <int> <lgl>   <lgl>   <lgl>
1     1 AQP11  0.557            4               5 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE
2     1 CLNS1A 0.281            0               2 FALSE   FALSE   FALSE
3     1 RSF1   0.527            3               6 TRUE    FALSE   FALSE

[[2]]
# A tibble: 2 x 8
  Group Gene  Score direct_count secondary_count filter1 filter2 filter3
  <int> <chr> <dbl>        <int>           <int> <lgl>   <lgl>   <lgl>
1     2 CFDP1 0.419            1               2 TRUE    TRUE    FALSE
2     2 CHST6 0.430            1               3 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE

[[3]]
# A tibble: 2 x 8
  Group Gene  Score direct_count secondary_count filter1 filter2 filter3
  <int> <chr> <dbl>        <int>           <int> <lgl>   <lgl>   <lgl>
1     3 ACE   0.634            1               1 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE
2     3 NOS2  0.634            1               1 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE

[[4]]
# A tibble: 3 x 8
  Group Gene  Score direct_count secondary_count filter1 filter2 filter3
  <int> <chr> <dbl>        <int>           <int> <lgl>   <lgl>   <lgl>
1     4 Gene1  0.7             0               0 TRUE    TRUE    TRUE
2     4 Gene2  0.62            1               0 FALSE   FALSE   FALSE
3     4 Gene3  0.61            0               1 FALSE   FALSE   FALSE

But if you are more of a "visual" guy, you can plot the evolution of the filters for each group.
Use geom_tile to create a heatmap of the selected rows.
The plot has to be read from left to right. The red tiles are the ones discarded by the filter.
library(ggplot2)
library(tidyr)
library(dplyr)

dt %>%
  group_by(Group) %>%
  mutate(filter1 = (max(Score) - Score)<0.05) %>%
  mutate(filter2 = rank(-replace(direct_count, !filter1, -Inf), ties.method = "min") == 1) %>%
  mutate(filter3 = rank(-replace(secondary_count, !filter2, -Inf), ties.method = "min") == 1) %>%

  select(Group, Gene, starts_with("filter")) %>%
  pivot_longer(starts_with("filter")) %>%

  ggplot() +
  geom_tile(aes(x = name, y = Gene, fill = value), colour = "black") +
  facet_wrap("Group", scales = "free") +
  labs(title = "Gene selected from left to right",
       x = "Filters",
       y = "Genes",
       fill = "Selected")

Definitive filter
Following, I'll leave the code to see how many Genes were selected at each step.
Also, as last columns, you can see at which filter you got down to the minimum number of genes selected at the end, in this way you can see how many times each filter was the definitive one.
library(dplyr)
dt1 <- dt %>%
  group_by(Group) %>%
  mutate(filter0 = n()) %>%
  mutate(filter1 = (max(Score) - Score)<0.05) %>%
  mutate(filter2 = rank(-replace(direct_count, !filter1, -Inf), ties.method = "min") == 1) %>%
  mutate(filter3 = rank(-replace(secondary_count, !filter2, -Inf), ties.method = "min") == 1) %>%

  # sum the number of genes selected for each filter
  group_by(Group) %>%
  summarise(across(starts_with("filter"), sum)) %>%

  # show the number of the decisive filter!
  rowwise() %>%
  mutate(definitive = which.min(c_across(starts_with("filter")))-1) %>%
  ungroup()

dt1
#> # A tibble: 4 x 6
#>   Group filter0 filter1 filter2 filter3 definitive
#>   <int>   <int>   <int>   <int>   <int>      <dbl>
#> 1     1       9       2       1       1          2
#> 2     2       4       2       2       1          3
#> 3     3       4       2       2       2          1
#> 4     4       9       1       1       1          1

count(dt1, definitive)
#> # A tibble: 3 x 2
#>   definitive     n
#>        <dbl> <int>
#> 1          1     2
#> 2          2     1
#> 3          3     1

ggplot(dt1) + geom_bar(aes(definitive))

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Mantra Heritage is located in the heart of Port Douglas just seconds walk to popular Macrossan Street where guests will find a variety award winning cafes, pubs and restaurants. Nestled amongst 1200 square metres of solar heated saltwater lagoon pools, spas and lush tropical gardens, Mantra Heritage epitomises the laid back Port Douglas lifestyle, making it the perfect place for a tropical family holiday or couple's romantic getaway.
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More than just a short stroll to the dining hub of Port Douglas, guests can also wander the streets and visit the boutiques, resort shops and galleries or take advantage of our proximity to the Great Barrier Reef. Spend a day snorkelling one of the natural wonders of the world and upon your return enjoy Mantra Heritages onsite facilities with beautiful saltwater pools and spas.
Stretching over 1200 square metres, Mantra Heritage's solar heated saltwater lagoon pools and spas, is the epitome of Tropical North Queensland.


Among the many structures you'll spot are 12th-century Romanesque churches and a mausoleum featuring intricate Corinthian columns, while examples of Baroque and Gothic architecture can be seen. The development was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.
It's impossible not to see Dubrovnik's city walls on your visit, notably because they stretch around the settlement for some 1,940 m. Despite it being built back in the Middle Ages, the vast majority of this defensive structure has remained wonderfully well preserved and taking a walk along even a small section of it allows you to view the city from an alternative perspective.
Strolling along the walls is also a great way to see the various forts, towers, casemates and other parts of the defensive complex that served to protect Dubrovnik from an attempted Saracen invasion that lasted 15 months. Although there are plenty of buildings to catch your eye as you walk along the top of the wall, you should look outwards to soak up some amazing views of the Adriatic Sea – you certainly won't regret it!
Of course, there are many other historic sights to be found in Dubrovnik, with Rector's Palace one attraction well worth going to. Constructed in the late 15th century, this stunning structure served as the seat of power for the government of the Dubrovnik Republic and although it's been rebuilt on several occasions over the years, I think you'll struggle to find a better example of Gothic-Renaissance architecture anywhere else in the city.
Take a tour of the state rooms and you'll see historic coats of arms, coins and paintings, while in the atrium you'll find a bust of Miho Pracat, who was the only citizen in the Dubrovnik Republic's 1,000 years of existence to have a statue built in his honour.
Although the coastal town of Bakar is pretty small, you'll definitely find lots to keep you busy. One of its most impressive sights though is the medieval Citadel that served to protect the region from Turkish invaders in the 16th century.
While the building you see today was constructed in 1530, a fortress has been on the site for much longer, with local records showing evidence of defensive facilities that date back to the 13th century. Spend some time wandering through the building after parking up your hire car and you can imagine what the battles to have taken place here were like.


Taking a modern European perspective, Marketing Strategies examines marketing from different angles an order to create a broader understanding of the discipline. A radical and dynamic approach to the subject is taken, in that there is no discussion of the traditional 4 'P's, as strategies are company-specific. Instead the author integrates five of the main contemporary factors that affect marketing in the 21st century: Globalisation, the Impact of Technology, Ethics, Market Orientation and Sustainability.
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Excellent coverage of emerging areas such as new technology, marketing in different sectors and marketing performance (neglected by most strategy textbooks).
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Completely revised and updated structure includes new material on Consumer Behaviour and Understanding, and Globalisation, bringing students right up to date with these hot topics.
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Challenging traditional marketing concepts like the 4 Ps, Marketing Strategies examines the key factors affecting marketing in today's competitive business environment: sustainability, ethics, market orientation, the impact of technology and globalisation.
In this fully revised and updated second edition, Ashok Ranchhod and Calin Gurau provide excellent analysis for those who wish to explore new ways of looking at the marketing process in order to gain an edge over the competition.
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The core of a persuasive speech idea is to give over an argument for or against a particluar topic and convince the audience that they should agree with you.
The audience is the key. You need to make sure you get them on your side quickly and support the speech with facts and examples.
Be confident and you can begin to encourage your audience to follow your persuasive speech idea.


text:
La cotorra de Nicobar (Psittacula caniceps) es una especie de ave psitaciforme de la familia Psittaculidae endémica de las islas Nicobar en el océano Índico.

Descripción

Con sus 61 cm de longitud (de los cuales más de la mitad corresponden a su larga y puntiaguda cola) la cotorra de Nicobar es el miembro más largo del género Psittacula. Su plumaje es verde salvo en su cabeza que es de color gris, con dos listas negras en el frontal de su rostro, una de ojo a ojo atravesando la frente y otra más ancha que ocupa la garganta y los laterales inferiores de la cabeza. Tiene un pico robusto y muy curvado hacia abajo. El pico de los machos es de color rojo con la punta amarilla, mientras que el de las hembras es negruzco.

Distribución

Se encuentra únicamente en el subarchipiélago meridional de las islas Nicobar (Gran Nicobar y Pequeña Nicobar, Montschall y Kondul), pertenecientes a la India aunque están situadas al noroeste de Sumatra.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 BirdLife Species Factsheet

caniceps
Aves de las islas Andamán y Nicobar
Fauna endémica de las islas Nicobar
Animales descritos en 1846
Taxones descritos por Edward Blyth

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Russia's Empowered Putin Unlikely to Retreat from Protectionism
By The PRS Group	• Monday, November 04, 2013	| Topic: Politics
The continued dominance of the ruling United Russia party was confirmed yet again at regional and local elections held on September 8. The opposition made a strong enough showing in major cities to suggest that President Vladimir Putin and his allies cannot take victory for granted in urban areas, but elsewhere, United Russia's position appears to be pretty much unassailable.
The strong showing by United Russia is less a testament to the party's popularity than to the effectiveness with which Putin has employed the administrative, security and judicial resources at his disposal to undermine his opponents. That said, turnout of just 25 -30 percent across the country, compared to historical participation rates closer to 50 percent, is indicative of public dissatisfaction with both the incumbents and the available alternatives.
In late June, President Putin overhauled the government's economic policy team. The key moves appear to be aimed at bolstering the authority of loyal insiders, rather than signaling plans for any significant change in policy direction.
German Anti-Euro Voices Grow Louder
Is Russia's Influence Expanding?
Testing Times for Germany's Merkel
Putin Courting Revolting Investors
The reshuffle was carried out amid a sharp deceleration of the economy that has generated significant political buzz in Moscow. Real GDP growth is forecast to slow to less than 2 percent this year, but Putin has deflected calls for the central bank to adopt a pro-growth posture.
Indeed, Elvira Nabiullina, the new governor of the central bank, has confirmed plans to switch to an inflation-targeting mandate by 2016. Likewise, the three-year budget plan approved by the Cabinet is September is arguably the most conservative spending program of the Putin era.
Both the IMF and Russia's Finance Ministry have argued that the economy is operating at close to full capacity, and, as such, any stimulus would be more likely to fuel inflation than boost growth. Many Russians remember only too well the damage caused by runaway inflation in the 1990s, and officials are no doubt wagering that the population will be more tolerant of slower growth than it would be of high inflation.
Instead of relying on fiscal and monetary stimulus, the government will depend on state-run corporations.
Instead of relying on fiscal and monetary stimulus, the government will depend on state-run corporations—particularly those in the energy sector—to prop up the budget and the broader economy. Limited privatization, higher taxes, and increased dividend payouts are all being considered as ways to increase cash flow to the government coffers.
On the international front, the government's concern over sluggish economic growth and the disappointing performance of Russian industry in general suggests that Moscow will not be inclined to retreat from protectionist trade measures that have contributed to tensions with the EU, notwithstanding the threat of a WTO ruling in the EU's favor.
Likewise, it is unlikely that Russia's key role in a brokering Syria's agreement to surrender its stockpile of chemical weapons heralds a period of constructive engagement between Russia and the west. Moscow continues to ally itself with a pariah regime in Damascus, and shows no sign of withdrawing its support for Syria's embattled regime, which poses a significant obstacle to a negotiated resolution of that country's civil war.
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Three Areas to Watch as American Manufacturing Turns to 3D Printing - 2020-03-07
U.S.-China trade war damage could last decades - 2019-09-04


If you have found yourself on the brink of foreclosure, there are a few things you can do to avoid losing your house to the bank. In our latest post, we will outline several ways you can stop the bank from foreclosing on your Roswell house!
Are you facing foreclosure on your house in Roswell or the surrounding areas? We can help stop the banks from taking your house and destroying your credit!


text:
Gevaot () is an Israeli outpost located in the West Bank, in the westernmost area of the Gush Etzion settlement bloc. It is named for the hills (gevaot in Hebrew) from which Balaam spoke, according to Numbers 23:9, just like the neighbouring settlement Rosh Tzurim.

On 31 August 2014, Israel declared 988 acres of land surrounding Gevaot as part of state land in West Bank. Gevaot had yet to be recognized by the Israeli government, due to the lack of defined boundaries, this land appropriation is the first required step to officially recognizing Gevaot.

As of August 2014, there were 10 families living in Gevaot. The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, whereas Israeli outposts, like Gevaot, are considered illegal not only under international law but also under Israeli law.

Location
The location is strategically located above the highway from Gush Etzion to Beit Shemesh and the Shfela. It is administered by the Gush Etzion Regional Council. Gush Etzion's main communities were founded on land purchased by Jews prior to the establishment of Israel, although "Arab soldiers destroyed the communities when they fought against Israel's founding" in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

History
A 1982 Israeli government decision led to the construction of an Israel Defense Forces Nahal outpost at the site in 1984.

According to ARIJ, Israel confiscated 135 dunams of land from the nearby Palestinian village of Nahalin in order to construct Gevaot.

In 1997, the base was transferred to the Shvut Yisrael Hesder Yeshiva, which moved there from nearby Efrat. The site is on privately owned Palestinian land, and outpost was built without zoning permits. Over the following decade the yeshiva developed the location as a housing area for its married students and their families. The yeshiva itself moved back to Efrat in 2003.

In 2013, the Israeli government announced plans to expand the settlement and opened bids for 1,000 additional housing units. As of August 2014, 523 of the 1,000 units were under construction. The area was designated as a neighbourhood of Alon Shvut, though that is several miles away, and, in the Israeli view, as a neighbourhood of a pre-existing settlement, new construction there would not constitute the creation of a new settlement.

2014 land reclassification
In late August 2014, in what was widely reported as a land grab, the IDF's Civil Administration of the West Bank announced it was appropriating 988 acres (1.54 square miles), defining it as Israeli state land as opposed to private Palestinian land south of Bethlehem, a seizure which prohibits Palestinians from using the area. According to Peace Now, it was the largest confiscation of Palestinian land in three decades.

The move, first prompted by a suggestion at a security meeting by Moshe Ya'alon, was explained both as a response to the murder of three Israeli teenagers and as a measure adopted by Benjamin Netanyahu to placate government allies to his right who were critical of his handling of Hamas in the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict. The land belongs to the five Palestinian villages of Jab'a, Surif, Wadi Fukin, Husan and Nahalin. The IDF maintains that there are no Palestinian claims on the land, but that those who felt they had valid claims, could appeal within 45 days of the announcement. Palestinians in the area, including the mayor of Surif, Ahmad Lafi, said that land belongs to them and that they harvested olive trees there.

The land making up the Gevaot land appropriation is located on the Palestinian side of the current route for the Israeli West Bank barrier.

Reactions

Israel
The move was hailed by the Gush Etzion settlements council as an opportunity to expand Gevaot.
Avigdor Lieberman, Israel's foreign minister, said that the Gush Etzion area "would remain a part of the state of Israel" in any future peace agreement.
Naftali Bennett, Israel's economy minister, described the move as an "appropriate Zionist response to murder", adding: "What we did yesterday was a display of Zionism. Building is our answer to murder."
Davidi Perl, speaking on behalf of the Gush Etzion Regional Council, hailing the announcement as paving the way to the establishment of a Gevaot city, stated that: "The murderers of the three teens wanted to plant fear in our hearts and disrupt our daily lives, and our answer is strengthening the settlements and constructing both inside the main blocs and outside of them."
Michael Oren, Israel's former ambassador to the United States, commented that it was part of a pattern: "The government does something that is unpalatable to the right wing, whether it be making concessions in the peace process or, in this case, agreeing to a cease-fire in Gaza, and then it attempts to palliate the right by building in Judea and Samaria or, in this case, reclassifying land."
Yariv Oppenheimer of Peace Now described the measure as "a knife to the back of Mahmoud Abbas" in that while the government negotiates with Hamas, the measure has undermined peace talks with Palestinian moderates on the West Bank.

Palestine
Hanan Ashrawi, a Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) leader, stated that the move: "clearly represents Israel's deliberate intent to wipe out any Palestinian presence on the land and to willfully impose a de facto one-state solution." Saeb Erekat called for diplomatic action against Israel.

International
The United States responded to the announcement by rebuking Israel for taking measures that were 'counter-productive' to the two-state solution in peace talks. Speaking anonymously, a U.S. State Department official, said the U.S. had requested of Israel that it reverse the decision since it contradicted "Israel's stated goal of a negotiated two-state solution with the Palestinians." According to Israeli sources, the decision "drove the Americans nuts", and the United States administration was mulling measures to respond to the declaration, which had not been cleared with them.
The expropriation was also condemned by the United Nations, PLO, United Kingdom Egypt, France, Spain, Russia, European Union, Turkey, Norway, Japan and Amnesty International.
Richard Ottaway cited the expropriation as an 'outrageous provocation', the last of many landgrabs in the West bank, which tipped him, a long-time supporter of Israel, into casting an abstention vote in a British Parliamentary resolution supporting recognition of Palestine as a state.
The New York Times' belief was that the timing of the decision appeared to indicate a political desire to compensate settlers in the West Bank and punish the Palestinian population.

References

External links
 Shvut Yisrael Yeshiva (Hebrew)
 Gevaot Website (Hebrew)

Gush Etzion Regional Council
Nahal settlements
Populated places established in 1984
1984 establishments in the Palestinian territories
Israeli outposts
Unauthorized Israeli settlements


text:
<?php

namespace PHPMD;

use PHPMD\Node\AbstractTypeNode;
use PHPMD\Node\FunctionNode;
use PHPMD\Node\MethodNode;

/**
 * This class is used as container for a single rule violation related to a source
 * node.
 *
 * @author    Manuel Pichler <mapi@phpmd.org>
 * @copyright 2008-2014 Manuel Pichler. All rights reserved.
 * @license   http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php BSD License
 */
class RuleViolation
{
    /**
     * The rule that causes this violation.
     *
     * @var \PHPMD\Rule
     */
    private $rule;

    /**
     * The context code node for this rule violation.
     *
     * @var \PHPMD\AbstractNode
     */
    private $node;

    /**
     * The description/message text that describes the violation.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    private $description;

    /**
     * The raw metric value which caused this rule violation.
     *
     * @var mixed
     */
    private $metric;

    /**
     * Name of the owning/context class or interface of this violation.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    private $className = null;

    /**
     * The name of a method or null when this violation has no method
     * context.
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     * @var string
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    private $methodName = null;

    /**
     * The name of a function or null when this violation has no function
     * context.
     *
     * @var string
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    private $functionName = null;

    /**
     * Constructs a new rule violation instance.
     *
     * @param \PHPMD\Rule $rule
     * @param \PHPMD\AbstractNode $node
     * @param string $violationMessage
     * @param mixed $metric
     */
    public function __construct(Rule $rule, AbstractNode $node, $violationMessage, $metric = null)
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        $this->rule        = $rule;
        $this->node        = $node;
        $this->metric      = $metric;
        $this->description = $violationMessage;

        if ($node instanceof AbstractTypeNode) {
            $this->className = $node->getName();
        } elseif ($node instanceof MethodNode) {
            $this->className  = $node->getParentName();
            $this->methodName = $node->getName();
        } elseif ($node instanceof FunctionNode) {
            $this->functionName = $node->getName();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the rule that causes this violation.
     *
     * @return \PHPMD\Rule
     */
    public function getRule()
    {
        return $this->rule;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the description/message text that describes the violation.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getDescription()
    {
        return $this->description;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the raw metric value which caused this rule violation.
     *
     * @return mixed|null
     */
    public function getMetric()
    {
        return $this->metric;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the file name where this rule violation was detected.
     *
     * @return string
     */
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        return $this->node->getFileName();
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    /**
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        return $this->node->getBeginLine();
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    /**
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    /**
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     * @return string
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    public function getMethodName()
    {
        return $this->methodName;
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    /**
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    public function getFunctionName()
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        return $this->functionName;
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}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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You're reading Last Paradise Vol.2 Chapter 29: [Season 2] Chapter 9 at Mangakakalot.com.
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Most stones of the kidney and ureter are treatable with either lithotripsy (shock-waves are generated by a machine outside the body and focused through tissue onto the stone to fragment it) or by endoscopic means (instruments are used via optical scopes which are inserted either through a tube placed in the back as with PCNL or via the bladder as with ureteroscopy). Occasionally, neither is a good option because the stone is either too hard to break or too large to treat in 1 or 2 sessions. Traditional surgery is then usually recommended. Laparoscopic surgery is a relatively new (since 1992) alternative to open surgery which appears to be as effective but avoids the incision of open surgery and therefore makes hospital stay and recovery times shorter.
Traditionally the surgical approach to the kidney/ureter requires a 15-25cm incision because the location is difficult to access. The laparoscopic operation is performed through 3 x 5 - 10 mm cuts below the ribs on the side of the abdomen. An internal plastic tube (stent) is inserted into the ureter using a cystoscope (optical scope placed into the bladder) at the start of the operation. The ureter is identified and exposed at the point where the stone has become stuck. It is incised and the stone removed. The ureter is then reconstructed by suturing the edges together again. Rarely technical difficulties may make the operation unable to be completed laparoscopically, if this eventuates conversion to the open procedure may be achieved without difficulty. The likelihood of this happening is less than 5%.
The internal stent is removed under a local anaesthetic using a flexible cystoscope (optical scope introduced into the bladder via the urethra) 4 weeks after surgery. Further follow-up will be different for different people but will likely involve post-operative scans to ensure that the ureter does not scar and may focus on the treatment or prevention of other kidney stones.


text:
Polhill Anglo-Saxon cemetery is a place of burial that was used in the seventh and eighth centuries CE. It is located close to the hamlet of Polhill, near Sevenoaks in Kent, South-East England. Belonging to the Middle Anglo-Saxon period, it was part of the much wider tradition of burial in Early Anglo-Saxon England.

Polhill was an inhumation-only cemetery, with no evidence of cremation. An estimated 180 to 200 graves were placed there, containing between 200 and 220 individuals. The cemetery was on a false crest on the hill, having wide views of the surrounding landscape, and was roughly  in size. Many of the dead were interred with grave goods, which included personal ornaments, weapons, and domestic items, and some had tumuli erected above their graves.

The central area of the cemetery was sporadically excavated from 1839 to 1964 during the course of road building. Specific archaeological excavation of the west area of the site took place in 1967 under the directorship of Brian Philp, and continued in 1978. In 1984, Philp led the excavation of the east end of the cemetery in response to the expansion of the M25 motorway.

Location
The cemetery is located on the lower slopes of Polhill, in the parish of Dunton Green near to Sevenoaks, Kent. Geologically, it sits upon a hard upper chalk layer, at the junction between the Darent Valley and North Downs scarp. The cemetery occupies a false crest on a steep hillside, commanding a view across the valley that is almost 3 kilometres wide, and also looks up the valley to the north and along the scarp to the south-west. Director of excavations Brian Philp thought this choice of location was "highly significant", allowing the "ancestors" to be buried in a "very dominant" position in the landscape.

The focal point of the local area is the village of Otford, located about 2 kilometres east of the cemetery. From the centre of Otford, the cemetery is visible, and Philp suggested that it was the most likely location of the Anglo-Saxon village where the people who used Polhill cemetery lived.

Background

With the advent of the Anglo-Saxon period in the fifth century CE, the area that became Kent underwent a radical transformation on a political, social, and physical level. In the preceding era of Roman Britain, the area had been administered as the civitas of Cantiaci, a part of the Roman Empire, but following the collapse of Roman rule in 410 CE, many signs of Romano-British society began to disappear, replaced by those of the ascendant Anglo-Saxon culture. Later Anglo-Saxon accounts attribute this change to the widescale invasion of Germanic language tribes from northern Europe, namely the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. Archaeological and toponymic evidence shows that there was a great deal of syncretism, with Anglo-Saxon culture interacting and mixing with the Romano-British culture.

The Old English term Kent first appears in the Anglo-Saxon period, and was based on the earlier Celtic-language name Cantii. Initially applied only to the area east of the River Medway, by the end of the sixth century it also referred to areas to the west of it. The Kingdom of Kent was the first recorded Anglo-Saxon kingdom to appear in the historical record, and by the end of the sixth century, it had become a significant political power, exercising hegemony over large parts of southern and eastern Britain. At the time, Kent had strong trade links with Francia, while the Kentish royal family married members of Francia's Merovingian dynasty, who were already Christian. Kentish King Æthelberht was the overlord of various neighbouring kingdoms when he converted to Christianity in the early seventh century as a result of Augustine of Canterbury and the Gregorian mission, who had been sent by Pope Gregory to replace England's pagan beliefs with Christianity. It was in this context that the Polhill cemetery was in use.

Kent has a wealth of Early Medieval funerary archaeology. The earliest excavation of Anglo-Saxon Kentish graves was in the 17th century, when antiquarians took an increasing interest in the material remains of the period. In the ensuing centuries, antiquarian interest gave way to more methodical archaeological investigation, and prominent archaeologists like Bryan Faussett, James Douglas, Cecil Brent, George Payne, and Charles Roach Smith "dominated" archaeological research in Kent.

Cemetery features
The 1984–86 excavation revealed that the cemetery had followed clearly delineated limits, and that while a large space of hillside had been available, all of the burials were located within the 112- to 118-metre contours. Only inhumations were found at the site, with no cremation burials. 73 graves had been excavated from the Western Area, 52 from the Eastern Area, 4 to the left of the main cemetery, and an estimated 53 from the Central Area: a total of 182 graves has been established for the cemetery. Taking into account potential further isolated graves outside the main area of the cemetery, Philp suggested that there might be between 180 and 220 graves at the site, containing between 200 and 220 individuals. Based on the idea that the cemetery was used for a century between 650 and 750 CE, Philp suggested that there would have been an average two burials at the cemetery per year. Taking this and the average life expectancy of 26 into account, he suggested that the cemetery served a local community of around 70 to 90 people, making it the largest known community in West Kent at this period. The majority of skeletal remains had survived well due to the well-drained chalk geology, although in a number of graves, particularly those of children, they have almost entirely eroded. Based on the 1984–86 excavation, archaeologists noted that 4 infants were buried alongside the 48 juveniles and adults. The site therefore does not reflect the high levels of infant mortality that local communities would have faced.

The main cemetery is approximately 210 metres in length from west to east, with a north–south width of 50 metres, although it appears to taper at both ends. Its interior totals around 10,500 square metres, about one hectare or 2½ acres. The graves were not evenly spaced in the cemetery, but often clustered together in what excavator Brian Philp suggested might have been family units. Most of these burials were on the southern side of the cemetery, and the site was more densely crowded in the west than the east. From the 1984–86 excavation, 50 of the graves contained a single skeleton, with the only exception being Grave 19, where two individuals had been buried together. In keeping with many Anglo-Saxon cemeteries, most of the inhumations were broadly aligned east to west. Philp considered it significant that 66% of the 51 burials excavated from 1984–86 were orientated between 70 and 109 degrees.

Of the 51 inhumations excavated in the 1980s, 36 were found to contain grave goods, and 14 were not. One burial had been partially destroyed, meaning what excavators did not know if it had once been accompanied with grave goods. Around 140 artefacts were uncovered from this excavation, most of which were personal ornaments, weapons, or domestic items. Philp believed that those inhumations containing spearheads, seaxes, or a shield would have been high status burials at the time. Only one burial, designated Grave 1 in the 1984 excavation, contained a shield. Also containing a spear, it was located at the far east of the cemetery, leading Philp to suggest that it might have had particular significance.

8 of the 51 inhumations excavated between 1984–86 were enclosed in small penannular ditches, indicating that they had probably been covered by small tumuli. Evidence for a further six tumuli were uncovered in the 1967 excavation, meaning that there was at least 14 tumuli across the cemetery. It is possible that other burials at the site were also covered by barrows, but that these have been eroded by ploughing in later centuries, leaving no archaeological trace. The known barrow burials were spaced evenly throughout the cemetery, and were between 4 and 5½ metres in diameter. All but two of those recorded have eastern entrances through the penannular ditch. Most of these barrows covered single inhumations, although one tumulus covered both Graves 94 and 95, and another contained no inhumation at all. Of the individuals buried beneath the 14 identified tumuli, 5 have been identified as male, 5 as female, 1 as an unidentified adult and the other 3 as children.

Archaeological investigation
Graves in the central section of the cemetery were sporadically discovered between 1839 and 1964, as a road was built and enlarged through the middle of it. The likely first discovery of skeletons at the site was in 1839, when the Sevenoaks Turnpike Road was diverted, which would have entailed digging at the site; no burials were recorded, although an oral tradition of skeletons and weapons being discovered survived through to the 1930s, when it was recorded by Gordon Ward. In June 1956 the A26 underwent roadworks, resulting in the discovery of 13 further graves. In 1956 and 1958, the Otford Historical Society began an excavation nearby, in the hope of discovering more of the cemetery, but they missed the burial area, discovering nothing. In August 1959, another road improvement revealed 3 further graves on the west side of the bank, while in November 1959 and January 1960, schoolboys digging into the chalk uncovered two more. A further grave was discovered around 1963 by workmen building a small reservoir; this burial was not recorded.

In October 1964, work began on constructing the Sevenoaks Bypass, which affected the site. On the west side of the road, a 40-foot wide strip of ground was removed, revealing one grave and potentially destroying others. The contractor reported the find to Kent County Council, who through Maidstone Museum contacted archaeologist Brian Philp, who initiated a six-day rescue excavation under the auspices of the new Kent Archaeological Research Groups' Council's emergency scheme. They excavated and recorded 14 graves, and recorded another 2 in a pipe-trench. In November 1966, further construction revealed more graves, this time on the east side of the A21. With further construction proposed, Philp and his team launched a largescale rescue excavation of the western end of the cemetery through the West Kent Border Archaeological Group, assisted by other groups in the region and the Council for Kentish Archaeology. In total, they revealed 68 graves, and the small hut. KARU discovered four further graves in an isolated group to the west of the cemetery in 1978.

In 1982, it was discovered that an extension of the M25 motorway would cross to the east of the site. The Kent Archaeological Rescue Unit (KARU) gained the contract to investigate the area prior to construction, excavating an area of 2500 square metres in March and April 1984. In doing so they discovered 50 further inhumations. The project was again directed by Brian Philp, who was assisted by Derek Garrod and Peter Keller, with a further 54 archaeologists working on the project; they were members of such community groups as the Bromley and West Kent Archaeological Group, the Bromley Training School, Orpington and District Archaeological Society, the Thameside Archaeological Group, and the Dover Archaeological Group. A further inhumation was discovered nearby in 1986. The skeletal remains uncovered were studied by Elizabeth Rega of the University of Sheffield, funded by a 1993 grant from the British Academy. Following an appeal in the Kent Archaeological Review, much of the post-excavation work was funded with an £800 donation from Diana Briscoe. The results of these 1980s excavations were written up by Philp and published by KARU in 2002. Archaeologist Martin Welch stated that Polhill remained the "most fully published" 7th and early 8th century cemetery in Kent until the excavation and publication of Springhead.

See also
 List of Anglo-Saxon cemeteries
Buckland Anglo-Saxon cemetery
Finglesham Anglo-Saxon cemetery
Mill Hill Anglo-Saxon cemetery

References

Footnotes

Bibliography

Archaeological sites in Kent
Anglo-Saxon burial practices
History of Kent


text:
The trip could have killed them. But people fleeing economic wreckage in the Middle East say they'd do it 100 times over
Metal rods tower above the people to prop up a giant zinc roof. Azhi, who has splints on his legs, is smiling and wide-eyed. It's hard to tell that just days before, the boy's family faced the specter of death.
"We want to go to Germany so Azhi can get an operation," says his mother, 28-year old Shoxan Hussein. "The doctors said he needs to get it done before he turns five."
Azhi's family was among hundreds of migrants who attempted to cross into Poland from Belarus in recent weeks with hopes of claiming asylum in the European Union. After days in the freezing Belarusian forest where migrants say they were subjected to beatings and food deprivation by Belarusian forces, the family never made it across the border. Several people died along the journey while thousands were stranded in inhumane conditions. Azhi and his parents survived unscathed.
Days later, they returned to their native Erbil, the commercial hub of Iraqi Kurdistan, on an Iraqi repatriation flight. They are already trying to chart a new path into Europe.
"There is no future for my son in Iraq," Azhi's father, 26-year-old Ali Rasool, tells CNN from his Erbil home. "Trying to get to Europe is for Azhi. I need a future for my kid."
Breaking a cycle of misery
Across the Middle East and North Africa, talk of emigration is rampant. Though guns have largely fallen silent in most of the region's conflict zones, much of the misery has not let up. Violence that once engulfed four countries — Syria, Libya, Yemen and Iraq — has given way to economic wreckage that extends well beyond their borders. Many regional economies have been reeling from the combined effects of the Covid-19 pandemic, refugee influxes and political instability.
Government corruption in the MENA region is widely viewed as a main culprit, in addition to geopolitical turbulence. A recent survey found that one in three of the region's 200 million Arab youth are considering emigration. In 2020, that figure was even greater, at nearly half of all Arab youth.
The problem is most acute in post-conflict zones contending with economic depression and where corruption has flourished. In Syria, the United Nations Development Program says that poverty rates are now around 90%, up from around 50-60% in 2019 when violence was significantly more widespread. People who were considered to be food insecure increased from 7.9 million in 2019 to over 12 million in 2020.
"We're talking about people who have incomes, a working poor, with one job, with two jobs in the family, who are unable to meet their basic food needs," UNDP Resident Representative in Syria Ramla Khalidi tells CNN. "What that's meant is they're skipping meals, they're going into debt, they're consuming cheaper, less-nutritious meals."
Around 98% of people have reported food as their top expenditure. "Fresh fruits and vegetables are a luxury and they're skipping meats in their diet," says Khalidi.
Syria's "massive and severe poverty" has been exacerbated by the financial tailspin in neighboring Lebanon which began in 2019. The Lebanese economy was previously seen as a lifeline for a financially and diplomatically isolated Damascus. A crushing sanctions regime on areas under the control of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, which is most of the country, was compounded by the Caesar Act in 2020. This aimed to drive Syrian President Bashar al-Assad back to the UN-led negotiating table but it has instead further devastated an already floundering economy, and the President's rule continues unfazed.
The Syrian regime is widely accused of having repeatedly committed war crimes and crimes against humanity in the last 10 years of the country's war, including attacks on the civilian population with chemical weapons and indiscriminately shelling populated areas under rebel control with conventional munitions. Tens of thousands of political prisoners have died in Assad's prisons after having been subjected to extreme torture and mistreatment.
In parts of Syria that fall outside of Assad's rule — namely the country's Kurdish-controlled northeast and the northwest which is under the sway of fundamentalist Islamist rebels — the economy is also in tatters.
"That's the only thing that people still share in Syria. Everyone's suffering economically no matter who controls the areas," says Haid Haid, consulting associate fellow at Chatham House's Middle East and North Africa Programme.
It's a situation that has prompted many of the country's skilled workforce to leave, deepening the economic predicament, says the UN's Khalidi.
"The hospitals, the schools, the factories have lost a lot of their skilled workers because many of these individuals are trying to find their way out even if it means risking their lives," she says, whilst calling on donor countries to invest in "resilience interventions" aimed at enhancing urban and rural livelihoods.
"It's an unprecedented crisis in terms of its complexity," says Khalidi. "Year on year the amount of funding has increased and yet we see humanitarian needs also increasing, so I think we need to change the model, reduce humanitarian dependence and focus more funding on early recovery and resilience efforts. "
In neighboring Iraq, ravaged by multiple battles including a devastating war with ISIS, the economy has fared better, but a sense of hopelessness prevails. A youth-led anti-corruption protest movement in October 2019 was lethally crushed and co-opted by major political players, and while independent politicians made unprecedented gains in this year's parliamentary elections, nepotism and corruption continue to reign supreme in the country's political and commercial centers, analysts say.
"We cannot talk about Kurdistan or Federal Iraq as a functioning thing because it's not," said Hafsa Halawa, non-resident scholar at the Middle East Institute, referring to the northern semi-autonomous region of Iraqi Kurdistan. "The reality is that public services are intermittent, opportunity is zero, corruption, nepotism and violence is ongoing and regular."
"What is wrong with someone who's 21, 22 saying 'I cannot stay here like my parents did. I have to break the cycle. I have to change things for my future family, for my future kids'?"
Halawa, who is British-Iraqi-Egyptian, argues that a major driver of the influx of refugees is the disappearance of legal mechanisms for the entry of skilled workers into Europe.
"The fascinating thing to me — if I'm talking about the UK and (Home Secretary) Priti Patel's immigration point scheme that she introduced — is that my father as a qualified surgeon who went on to serve the NHS for 40 years, would not have qualified for a work visa when he arrived here," says Halawa.
"The mechanisms by which we — in the developed world — allowed people to learn and then keep them here to benefit society are no longer available," says Halawa.
Chatham House's Haid, a native Syrian, considers himself among the lucky ones. Nearly five years ago, he was granted refugee status in the UK. He says the images of Syrians dying in the English Channel gave him mixed feelings of sadness and personal relief. He also believes that the migration of Syrians will continue unabated.
"When things (in Syria) started getting worse despite the decline in violence, that's when people living there were hit by the reality that things will never get better," says Haid. "That's why even those who were refusing to leave the country during the war now feel that there is no solution but to flee, because there is no light at the end of the tunnel. That's it."
At the same time, Haid feels like he made it to the UK in the nick of time. "You feel lucky to have made it before your window of opportunity, which was rapidly closing, is shut forever," he says.
Back in Erbil, Shoxan Hussein and her husband Ali Rasool believe legal passage to Europe is permanently shut. Rasool, a manager of a property company, and Hussein, an engineer, applied for a visa at the French embassy earlier this year but say they never received a response.
"Erbil is better for me and my wife than anywhere else in the world. We have a good car, good clothing," says Rasool. "But this is all for Azhi … we've already done three operations here and have gotten no results. The problem is that (the doctors) are taking money from us and they haven't made even 5% difference."
"If you told me to risk my life 100 times before I got to Europe to improve my son's life then my wife and I would do it," he says. "I would repeat this journey 100 times."
CNN's Zahra Ullah and Matthew Chance contributed to this report from the Bruzgi-Kusnica border region in Belarus.
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text:
Nuclear Power Payments Haunt Sununu : Reports Question Seabrook Operator's Role in New Hampshire
By JOE PICHIRALLO
When White House Chief of Staff John H. Sununu was governor of New Hampshire, his Administration used funds provided by the operator of the Seabrook nuclear power plant to pay half of a top Sununu aide's salary and the salaries or consulting fees of several other Republicans.
This disclosure, in the Boston Globe and Concord Monitor newspapers, has provoked criticism from opponents of the Seabrook facility and from New Hampshire Democrats. Robert A. Backus, a lawyer and longtime Seabrook opponent, has charged that the funds were used as "a feeding trough for the politically well-connected in New Hampshire."
Sununu, a strong supporter of Seabrook, and state officials have defended the payments as mandated by a New Hampshire law that requires the state to charge the operators of nuclear power plants for the cost of developing emergency response, or evacuation plans to be used in the event of a nuclear accident.
Wrote Evacuation Plan
Current and former New Hampshire officials said state employees and consultants who had all or part of their salaries paid by Seabrook's operator helped develop the state's Seabrook emergency response plan.
One of those involved was David M. Carney, Sununu's deputy chief of staff while he was governor. Half of Carney's $43,000-a-year state salary was paid with funds from Seabrook's operator, New Hampshire Yankee, which runs the Seabrook plant for the 12 utility companies that own it.
State officials confirmed that the governor's Office of Emergency Management, the state agency responsible for the Seabrook emergency response plan, also used funds from New Hampshire Yankee to pay four other Republicans who worked on the plan: Two lawyers hired as consultants, a state representative and a longtime Republican Party activist.
Over the last five years, the governor's Office of Emergency Management has received $6 million from New Hampshire Yankee--about $1.2 million a year--to develop the emergency response plan, according to John Gifford, the agency's spokesman. Last year, Gifford said, the office's entire budget was $3.1 million.
Snag in Licensing
An emergency response plan must be submitted before a nuclear plant can be licensed by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Opponents of nuclear power have complained that the New Hampshire and Massachusetts emergency response plans for the Seabrook plant are inadequate, an objection that has caused long delays in licensing the facility. The NRC has conditionally approved the New Hampshire plan, and a decision on the Massachusetts plan is expected later this year.
Carney, now deputy director of the White House office of political affairs, said he spent more than half of his time developing the state's emergency response plan for Seabrook, and state officials agreed. The utility paid half of Carney's state salary between 1985 and 1989.
Carney said he kept no record of how he spent his time, however, and Seabrook opponents and Democrats in the state said they find it hard to believe he spent so much of it on the Seabrook plan.
"He was the governor's political person," state Rep. Mary Chambers, Democratic minority leader, said. Chambers said that she and other legislators had no idea that half of Carney's salary was coming from the Seabrook operator.
During a news briefing Monday in Kennebunkport, Me., where President Bush is vacationing, Sununu said: "Every single billing was done by the spirit and the letter of the law."
Iran's leader talks tough, but the knives are out for him
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text:
Chancery Lane tube station
London Underground station
Chancery Lane
Northeastern entrance
Location of Chancery Lane in Central London
London Borough of Camden
Number of platforms
Fare zone
London Underground annual entry and exit
16.52 million[1]
TfL station info page
51°31′05″N 0°06′40″W / 51.518°N 0.111°W / 51.518; -0.111Coordinates: 51°31′05″N 0°06′40″W / 51.518°N 0.111°W / 51.518; -0.111
London transport portal
Chancery Lane is a London Underground station in between Holborn and the City in central London, England and is in the London Borough of Camden and the City of London.[2] It opened in 1900 and takes its name from the nearby Chancery Lane.
The station is on the Central line, between St. Paul's and Holborn stations, within fare zone 1.
It is located at the junction of High Holborn, Hatton Garden and Gray's Inn Road, with subway entrances giving access to the ticket office under the roadway.
2 Accidents and incidents
The station was opened by the Central London Railway (CLR) on 30 July 1900.[3] The current station entrance is not the original. The original, disused station building is on the north side of High Holborn at Nos. 31-33,[4] approximately 400 feet (122 m) to the west, closer to High Holborn's junction with Chancery Lane. Originally provided with four lifts between ground and platform levels, the station was rebuilt in the early 1930s to operate with escalators.[5] It was not possible to construct the inclined escalator shaft between the platforms and the existing entrance, so a new sub-surface ticket hall was constructed below the road junction. The new station entrance came into use on 25 June 1934.[5] The old entrance building became redundant and, in recognition of the location of the new entrance, the station was renamed Chancery Lane (Gray's Inn), although the suffix subsequently fell out of use.[3]
When the CLR excavated the running tunnels it routed them to avoid passing under surface buildings in order to limit the risk to the buildings from vibration. At Chancery Lane, the eastbound tunnel runs above the westbound one.[6]
It is one of eight Underground stations with a deep-level air-raid shelter underneath it; after World War II this was turned into Kingsway telephone exchange. Access to the shelter was via the original station building and lift shaft as well as subsidiary entrances in Furnival Street and Took's Court.[4]
Accidents and incidents[edit]
On 25 January 2003, a 1992 Stock train derailed at Chancery Lane, injuring 32 passengers, after a motor became detached from the train. All services on the entire Central line and the Waterloo & City line (which used the same type of train) were suspended, as the trains had to be taken out of service whilst the cause of the failure was determined and appropriate modifications made to the trains.
Connections[edit]
London Buses routes 8, 17, 45, 46, 341 and 521 and night routes N8 and N25 serve the station.
Chancery Lane original station building
Eastbound platform looking west
Westbound platform looking east
The second shortest escalator on the Tube network
Roundel, eastbound platform
Southern entrance
^ a b c d e "Multi-year station entry-and-exit figures" (XLSX). London Underground station passenger usage data. Transport for London. January 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
^ https://tfl.gov.uk/cdn/static/cms/documents/multi-year-station-entry-exit-figures.xls[permanent dead link]
^ a b Rose, Douglas (1999). The London Underground, A Diagrammatic History. Douglas Rose/Capital Transport. ISBN 1-85414-219-4.
^ a b Emmerson, Andrew; Tony Beard (2004). London's Secret Tubes. Capital Transport. p. 170. ISBN 1-85414-283-6.
^ a b Connor, J.E. (1999). London's Disused Underground Stations. Capital Transport. p. 122. ISBN 1-85414-250-X.
^ Clive's Underground Line Guides, Central Line, Layout
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chancery Lane tube station.
London Transport Museum Photographic Archive
Chancery Lane, 1914
Sub-surface ticket hall, 1934
Subway entrance at the corner of Gray's Inn Road, 1934
Preceding station
Following station
towards Ealing Broadway or West Ruislip
towards Epping, Hainault
or Woodford (via Hainault)
Former service
towards Ealing Broadway
towards Liverpool Street
Epping branch
Theydon Bois
Debden
Snaresbrook
Hainault loop
Roding Valley
Grange Hill
Hainault
Fairlop
Barkingside
Gants Hill
Mile End
Bethnal Green
St Paul's
Lancaster Gate
Notting Hill Gate
North Acton
Ealing branch
West Acton
Ruislip branch
Greenford
South Ruislip
Ruislip Gardens
West Ruislip
1992 Stock
Blake Hall
Wood Lane
Former companies
Central London Railway
Great Western Railway
Abandoned plans
Richmond extension (1913)
Paddenswick Road
Rylett Road
Emlyn Road
Heathfield Terrace
Ravenscourt Park
Stamford Brook
Denham extension
Harefield Road
Former rolling stock
Standard Stock
Proposed stations
First Central
Shoreditch High Street
Night Tube
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chancery_Lane_tube_station&oldid=902368796"
Rail transport stations in London fare zone 1
Central line stations
London Underground Night Tube stations
Tube stations in the London Borough of Camden
Former Central London Railway stations
Railway stations opened in 1900
Disasters on the London Underground
Derailments in the United Kingdom
Railway stations located underground in the United Kingdom
Articles with dead external links from November 2018
Use British English from August 2012


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