text:
Q: Dask map_partitions results in duplicates when reducing and gives wrong results compared to pure pandas When I use dask to groupby using map_partitions, I obtain duplicated data and wrong results compared to simple pandas groupby. But when I use n_partitons=1, I get the correct results.
Why does this happen? and how can I use multiple partitions and still get the correct results?
my code is
measurements = measurements.repartition(n_partitions=38)
measurements.map_partitions(lambda df : df.groupby(["id",df.time.dt.to_period("M"),
"country","job"]).source.nunique()).compute().reset_index()

In pandas, I do
measurements.groupby(["id",measurements.time.dt.to_period("M"),
    "country","job"]).source.nunique().reset_index()

PS: I'm using a local cluster on a single machine.

A: When you call map_partitions, you say you want to perform that action on each partition. Given that each unique grouping value can occur in multiple partitions, you will get an entry for each group, for each partition in which it is found.
What if there were a way to do groupby across partitions and have the results smartly merged for you automatically? Fortunately, this is exactly what dask does, and you did not need to use map_partitions at all.
measurements.groupby(...).field.nunique().compute()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Luxembourg climate and geography
Home Practical Information Luxembourg climate and geography
Beautiful landscapes for nature lovers
Luxembourg is a small country situated in Western Europe, with a surface area of 2,582m2. It will be easy to visit it over a few weekends, as it stretches 82 km from north to south and 58 km from east to west.
From plains to forests, natural parks, lakes and rivers, the Grand Duchy is fitted with vast and preserved green spaces and with rich wildlife and flora that nature lovers can take advantage of.
The Moselle Valley, the Mullerthal or small Luxembourgish Switzerland, or the Sûre Valley offer picturesque landscapes. Visit Grand-Duchy.
Luxembourg shares its boarders with Belgium in the North-West (148km of common boarders), Germany in the East (135km of common boarders), and with France in the South (73km of boarders). It is sometimes called the "3 boarder country" since all the Luxembourg towns and villages are less than 30km away from a boarder.
An ideal country for hikers and cycle lovers, Luxembourg offers a great diversity of landscapes on its small territory. The Mullerthal area or the Moselle Valley in particular, have plenty of hiking tracks and cycling paths.
You can have a look at our hiking and riding trail suggestions on Visit Luxembourg website
The different regions of Luxembourg
The centre with Guttland
The Centre concentrates most of the country's population, concentred around the City of Luxembourg. Guttland represents the central and western part of the country, close to the capital. In addition to the villages, there are restored farms, castles surrounded by meadows, fields and forests forming a green belt around the city of Luxembourg.
You can visit the Valley of the Seven Castles, as well as Gallo-Roman sites in Dalheim for example.
The Luxembourgish Ardennes, Oesling or Eisléck in the North of Luxembourg
In the north of the country, the landscapes are very green with narrow and steep valleys. The climate is rather harsh. The region is mainly rural and agricultural. There are magnificent natural parks such as the Haute-Sûre Nature Park and the Haute-Sûre lake, the largest water point in Luxembourg, which also provides 70% of the country with drinking water, and the Nature Park of Our.
The most important cities in the north of the country are: Diekirch, Vianden, Clervaux, Trois-Vierges, Wiltz, Ettelbrück and Redange-sur-Attert.
The Müllerthal or Luxembourg's Little Switzerland
The Müllerthal, or "Petite Suisse Luxembourgeoise" (Luxembourg small Switzerland), is very popular for its treks in a picturesque landscape of eroded rocks in which trees are rooted. The capital is Echternach.
Luxembourg Moselle
The Luxembourgish Moselle region, located in the south-east of the country, offers very beautiful landscapes between the Moselle Valley and the Luxembourg vineyards. It is possible to take short cruises on the Moselle. The main cities are Grevenmacher on the German border and Remich for the southern part. The Moselle Valley is a region where wines and crémants are produced.
The Red Lands
In the southwest of the country are the Terres Rouges, whose name comes from the presence of iron ore, which ensured the wealth of Luxembourg from the 2nd part of the 19th century until about the 1980s. These sites are to be visited as witnesses of the country's mining history. The main cities in the south are Esch-sur-Alzette, Differdange and Dudelange.
Climate in Luxembourg
Luxembourg's climate is semi-continental. Winters can be severe, temperatures fluctuating between 0° and 15°c. In Summertime, they oscillate between 13° and 25°c, with sometimes 30°c peaks.
To find out more about the history of Luxembourg, click here.
Climate and geography
Iron mines' history
School vacation and bank holidays 2020, 2021 and 2022
Traditions in Luxembourg
Shopping in Luxembourg
Luxembourg specialties, local products
Gelle Frä, remembrance monument
Markets and local producers
Stores' Sunday opening
Shopping abroad
Worship and religious celebrations
Newspapers, radios, websites
Basic expressions in luxembourgish
Municipalities, towns and villages
Luxembourg, capital city
Telecommunications, parcels delivery

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


این نسخه ی ویژه از مجله به مسائل جاری در مدیریت دانش استراتژیک در عصر دیجیتال اختصاص یافته است. با وجود تمام پژوهش ها در حوزه مدیریت دانش اهمیت اصلی مبانی نظری و عملی این نسخه به دلیل تمرکز بر روی تحقیقاتی می باشد که بر شناسایی، دستیابی و مدیریت مسائل مهم مربوط به پیاده سازی مدیریت دانش استراتژیک با یک رویکرد جامع برای استراتژی کسب و کار انجام شده است.،جایی که اجزای مختلف بر مزیت رقابتی درازمدت سازمان ها تاثیر می گذارند.
This Special Issue is dedicated to current issues in strategic knowledge management in the Era of digital. Despite all the research around knowledge management the main theoretical and practical importance of this special issue is the focus on research oriented to the identification, achievement and management of critical issues related with strategic knowledge management implementation within a holistic approach to business strategy, where different components impact the long term competitive advantage for the organisations.
Strategic knowledge management offers a distinct approach to the management of people and systems and a response to the changes occurring in a turbulent environment, a means of improving organizations performance (Kianto et al., 2016, Joyce and Slocum, 2012) and achieving sustainable competitive advantage (Hajir, Obeidat, Al-dalahmeh & Masa'deh, 2015).
Knowledge management emerged in the area of management as an interdisciplinary field in the core of which articulate a large number of both formal and informal knowledge from diverse fields (Nonaka, 1994), among them: – economics, management sciences, computer systems, sociology of knowledge, biological systems, complexity theory, and others. The growing interest of these organizations to manage information in the direction of efficient use of resources was what mostly determined the creation Knowledge Management systems and today industry 4.0 organizations, is leading us to intelligent organizations and Knowledge Revolution.


text:
import { NgModule, NgZone, OpaqueToken, Inject, Optional } from '@angular/core';
import { LIB_KEY, LIB_KEY_SEPARATOR } from './constants/lib';
import { STORAGE } from './enums/storage';
import { LocalStorageService, SessionStorageService } from './services/index';
import { WebStorageHelper } from './helpers/webStorage';
import { WebstorageConfig } from './interfaces/config';
import { KeyStorageHelper } from './helpers/keyStorage';
export * from './interfaces/index';
export * from './decorators/index';
export * from './services/index';
export var WEBSTORAGE_CONFIG = new OpaqueToken('WEBSTORAGE_CONFIG');
export var Ng2Webstorage = (function () {
    function Ng2Webstorage(ngZone, config) {
        this.ngZone = ngZone;
        if (config) {
            KeyStorageHelper.setStorageKeyPrefix(config.prefix);
            KeyStorageHelper.setStorageKeySeparator(config.separator);
        }
        this.initStorageListener();
    }
    Ng2Webstorage.forRoot = function (config) {
        return {
            ngModule: Ng2Webstorage,
            providers: [
                {
                    provide: WEBSTORAGE_CONFIG,
                    useValue: config
                },
                {
                    provide: WebstorageConfig,
                    useFactory: provideConfig,
                    deps: [
                        WEBSTORAGE_CONFIG
                    ]
                }
            ]
        };
    };
    Ng2Webstorage.prototype.initStorageListener = function () {
        var _this = this;
        if (window) {
            window.addEventListener('storage', function (event) { return _this.ngZone.run(function () {
                var storage = window.sessionStorage === event.storageArea ? STORAGE.session : STORAGE.local;
                WebStorageHelper.refresh(storage, event.key);
            }); });
        }
    };
    Ng2Webstorage.decorators = [
        { type: NgModule, args: [{
                    declarations: [],
                    providers: [SessionStorageService, LocalStorageService],
                    imports: []
                },] },
    ];
    /** @nocollapse */
    Ng2Webstorage.ctorParameters = function () { return [
        { type: NgZone, },
        { type: WebstorageConfig, decorators: [{ type: Optional }, { type: Inject, args: [WebstorageConfig,] },] },
    ]; };
    return Ng2Webstorage;
}());
export function provideConfig(config) {
    return new WebstorageConfig(config);
}
export function configure(_a) {
    var _b = _a === void 0 ? { prefix: LIB_KEY, separator: LIB_KEY_SEPARATOR } : _a, prefix = _b.prefix, separator = _b.separator;
    /*@Deprecation*/
    console.warn('[ng2-webstorage:deprecation] The configure method is deprecated since the v1.5.0, consider to use forRoot instead');
    KeyStorageHelper.setStorageKeyPrefix(prefix);
    KeyStorageHelper.setStorageKeySeparator(separator);
}
//# sourceMappingURL=app.js.map

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


All the old guard flavor-wise, but also some amazing new flavors, like pomegranate, peach, and pear! Go ahead, before Hallie eats all the pink grapefruit right out from under ya!
LemonRed RaspberryOrangeLimeGrapeWatermelonPink GrapefruitPearPomegranatePeachMix 'em up!


This aptitude for success was both a blessing and curse. It gave me a lot of confidence, which made it easier for me to make friends in school. Blessing. On the other hand, it gave me a lot of confidence, which made it easier for me to become an arrogant jerk. Curse.
Our greatest strengths, when not developed and stewarded correctly with a humble heart, can very easily become our greatest weaknesses.
Peter Parker knew that with great power comes great responsibility. That responsibility is a choice we all have to make, whether to use our gifts for good, or for evil.
Will you only leverage your talent for personal power and selfish gain?
Or will you share your abilities generously as an act of service to the world?
Wow, so blessed! Good to know that my strengths can become weakness if not guarded with a humble heart. Even better is knowing that my weakness are "undiscovered" and "undeveloped" strengths! Thank you brother Jon!
that is a good check ,remind me of those "heart" checks, you see on social media a lot.
With God that line is even thinner. We can do all things through Christ who strengthens us. So there are no excuses for not living the service we've been called to.
Olumide I love this part too "my strengths can become weakness and my weakness are "undiscovered" and "undeveloped" strengths!" I never looked things this way.
Find out what are Strengths and Weaknesses that we need to focus on. Read on how to maintain a balance between them.


text:
Alberto González, nicknamed Gonzalito (1922 — 21 August 2003) was a Paraguayan football defender who played for Paraguay in the 1950 FIFA World Cup. He also played for Club Olimpia.

References

External links
FIFA profile

1922 births
Paraguayan footballers
Paraguay international footballers
Association football defenders
Club Olimpia footballers
1950 FIFA World Cup players
2003 deaths

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The following node_types are basic types from which concrete types with specific plugin implementations are derived.
cloudify.interfaces.lifecycle: An interface for standard life cycle operations (e.g. create, start, stop, etc.). Operations of this interface are called from the built-in install and uninstall workflows.
cloudify.interfaces.validation: An interface for pre-creation and pre-deletion validation operations. These can be called by using the execute_operation built-in workflow or by a custom workflow.
cloudify.interfaces.monitoring_agent: An interface for monitoring agent. Operations of this interface are called from the built-in install and uninstall workflows.
cloudify.interfaces.monitoring: An interface for monitoring configuration. Operations of this interface are called from the built-in install and uninstall workflows.
cloudify.nodes.Tier - A marker for a future scale group.
cloudify.nodes.Compute - A compute resource. Either a virtual or a physical host.
cloudify.nodes.Container - A logical partition in a host such as Linux container or Docker.
cloudify.nodes.Network - A virtual network.
clouydify.nodes.Subnet - A virtual segment of an IP addresses in a network.
cloudify.nodes.Router - A virtual layer 3 router.
cloudify.nodes.Port - An entry in a virtual subnet. Can be used in some Clouds to secure a static private IP.
cloudify.nodes.VirtualIP - A virtual IP implemented as NAT, or in another manner.
cloudify.nodes.LoadBalancer - A virtualized load balancer.
cloudify.nodes.Volume - A persistent block storage volume.
cloudify.nodes.FileSystem - A writable file system. This type must be used in conjunction with a cloudify.nodes.Volume type and a cloudify.nodes.Compute type.
relationships: The conjunction stated above is expressed by specifying two mandatory relationships for the file system.
cloudify.relationships.file_system_depends_on_volume - Used to format and partition the file system on top of the volume. It creates a single partition occupying the entire capacity of the volume.
cloudify.relationships.file_system_contained_in_compute - Used to mount and unmount the file system from the server.
fs_mount_path - The path of the mount point.
cloudify.nodes.ObjectStorage - A BLOB storage segment.
cloudify.nodes.SoftwareComponent - A base type for all middleware level types.
cloudify.nodes.WebServer - A Web server.
port - The Webserver port.
cloudify.nodes.ApplicationServer - An application server.
cloudify.nodes.MessageBugServer - A message BUS server.
cloudify.nodes.ApplicationModule - A base type for any application module or artifact.


text:
Ms. Didi Malaga
Ms. Deborah "Didi" Malaga, Licensed School Counselor
Hello and thank you for visiting my page. I was born in Lima, Peru and I grew up in Minnesota. I speak English, Spanish, Portuguesse and know basic American Sign Language. I love learning new languages and more about all cultures. I earned my Bachelor's degree in Social and Global Studies with an emphasis in Environmental Policy from Antioch College in 1994. I earned my Master's degree in Counseling and Student Personnel Psychololgy from the Univeristy of MN, Twin Cities in 2003.
I started working as a school counselor at LEAP High School in the 2019-2020 school year and have worked as a school counselor with Saint Paul Public Schools since the 2007-2008 school year. I work with students and families in the areas of academics, career exploration, college planning, and personal/emotional wellness.
I can be reached by phone or e-mail during school hours.
Deborah "Didi" Malaga
deborah.malaga@spps.org


text:
Kat and Juju by Kataneh Vahdani
August 22, 2020 July 2, 2020 by Kellee
Kat and Juju
Author: Kataneh Vahani
Published July 1st, 2020 by Two Lions
Summary: An unlikely duo star in a charming story about being different, finding courage, and the importance of friendship in the first book in a new series from an award-winning animation director.
Kat likes doing things her very own way, but sometimes she doubts herself. So when a bird named Juju arrives, Kat hopes he'll be the best friend she's always wanted. He's outgoing and silly and doesn't worry about what others think—the opposite of who she is. Bit by bit, with Juju's help, Kat discovers her strength, and how to have a friend and be one—while still being true to herself.
Praise: "This debut gently encourages personal growth while reinforcing the value of being different." —Kirkus Reviews
About the Author: Kataneh Vahdani is a children's book author and illustrator. Kat and Juju is her first picture book series. She is currently directing her original feature animation movie. Kataneh has been a professor for over seventeen years and she also saves fallen baby birds and rescues them. Together with her students, they have raised over 13 fallen injured baby birds and set them free once they were ready to fly away. Sometimes in her classes, birds fly from the head of one student to the other.
Visit Kataneh on Instagram: @KatandJuju.
Kellee's Review: Kat feels like she doesn't fit in with her peers: she worries, follows the rules, and doesn't know how to let go and have fun, so she hopes and hopes that her birthday animal best friend will finally give her someone to play with and feel included; however, the problem is Juju, her new animal friend, is nothing like her. But it is through their time together that Kat realizes that her and Juju can be friends even if different and Kat even finds it in herself to do her own happy dance!
I do hope that the message that comes across to readers is that everyone should be whomever they are and others will accept you. I could see some reading it as Kat needing Juju to change her to get others to like her, but I didn't see it that way. I saw it as Juju just showing and helping Kat see what an amazing person she is.
One of my favorite things about this book is the illustrations–the way that color is used so intentionally and are just so fun!
Ricki's Review: I think we all have this yearning to be more ____ or more ____. As an adult, I really identified with Kat. As I always work to improve myself, I try to be more like other people I admire. This made for a phenomenal conversation with my children. We talked about people who we admire and how we can take slivers of these people to be better versions of ourselves, but we don't need to (and shouldn't) be these people. We are individuals with our own strengths.
This book is beautifully written and it is clear to readers the care and precision the author took to characterize Kat and Juju. I felt like the author was deeply connected to and understanding of the emotions that kids face. The friendship between these two characters is quite magical. I am looking forward to and excited about reading other books by this author.
Please Note: Together, we did find one aspect of the text that we wanted to comment about. We were concerned with an image of the characters wearing sombreros and playing instruments traditionally attached to mariachi music. For us, this felt like cultural appropriation. We would encourage all authors to avoid images where characters dress up in costume like this (see, for instance, the Clifford the Big Red Dog Halloween book where Clifford dresses up like a Native American). We write this not as a critical attack of the book but instead, as a way that we think all of us (authors, illustrators, teachers, publishers, etc.) can work together to think carefully about the images we portray. This does not take away from our desire to read more adventures of Kat and Juju.
Teachers' Tools for Navigation: Along with a read aloud of this book, great discussions could happen focusing on self-esteem, worrying, and friendship. It could also offer opportunities for critical thinking about the concept of cultural appropriation.
If you were going to have an animal best friend, what type of animal would you want? What would its personality be like?
Why was Kat so worried that others wouldn't like her? Should anyone ever feel that way?
Were there times in the book that Kat's peers could have been more interactive to make Kat feel more accepted?
Why is it important to have all sorts of different types of people in the world?
Is it okay to worry? If you are worrying too much, what should you do?
How are Kat and Juju like other two-character, opposite friends books like Elephant and Piggie or Frog and Toad?
Flagged Passages:
Read This If You Love: Ruby Finds a Worry by Tom Percival, I'm Bored series by Michael Ian Black, Each Kindness by Jacqueline Woodson, The Invisible Boy by Patrice Barton
Giveaway!:
**Thank you to Blue Slip Media for providing copies for review and giveaway!**
Categories Asking Questions, Compare/Contrast, Making Connections, Picture Book, Reflection, Theme Tags Friendship, School Post navigation
Book Reader Animal Kingdom from Best Learning
Sofia's Kids' Corner: Smile by Raina Telgemeier
2 thoughts on "Kat and Juju by Kataneh Vahdani"
Danielle Hammelef
This book is adorable and fun. Thanks for the chance!
Looks like a very cute book.


One-room schoolhouse. 1871. Roditt Township, Illinois.
My friend, epic cyclist Dan Libman, hipped me to this a one-room schoolhouse at the intersection of Rock City and Kelly Roads, west of Rockford. Built in 1871, the building is remarkably well-preserved considering the brutal winters that have howled around and through it for the last hundred and forty-four years.
The Civil War was over for only six years when the town erected this schoolhouse. The empty bell tower, the acres of quiet surrounding farmlands, the gravel road that leads away going west, the few cars that fly past on Rock City—this structure evokes a time long, long gone.
I drove by this schoolhouse many times when I worked in Freeport. Went inside it one day and the little hooks where long ago kids hung their coats were still in the wall. It was a cool and eerie experience. Could almost feel the ghosts hanging out.
Conny, very cool! I just saw this.


text:
Tennessee Road Trip – 1 Week Itinerary For An Amazing Trip
January 24, 2023 December 6, 2022 by Bryanna
See the beautiful state of Tennessee on the Tennessee Family Road trip! See the Smoky Mountains and hear some great Country music.
Family Fun in Gatlinburg, TN
December 15, 2022 November 29, 2022 by Bryanna
From hiking in the Smokey Mountains to exploring the streets of Gatlinburg there is tons of family fun in Gatlinburg, TN with kids.
The Most Amazing Things To Do In Chattanooga With Kids
Chattanooga, Tennessee is filled with great family fun activities. Find out the most amazing things to do in Chattanooga with kids here!
Best Things To Do In Smoky Mountains National Park
January 23, 2023 August 27, 2022 by Bryanna
3 day itinerary of the best things to do in Smoky Mountains National Park when you visit this year! Including hiking, scenic drives, and historic sites!
Top 4 Indoor Water Park Tennessee
December 15, 2022 August 26, 2022 by GreenBean
Discover amazing family-friendly indoor water parks in Tennessee. With these helpful tips, you can plan a family vacation to remember.
29 Absolutely Enjoyable Things To Do In Nashville
January 4, 2023 June 23, 2022 by Bryanna
Museums, free things, attractions, restaurants, music and more! Here are 15 Absolutely Enjoyable Things To Do In Nashville With Kids.
Top 9 Things To Do In Pigeon Forge With Kids
January 5, 2023 June 4, 2022 by Jessica Spears
A top destination in the USA, our list of the top 9 things to do in Pigeon Forge with kids will have you making memories in no time!
Top 8 Fun Things To Do In Knoxville With Kids
January 6, 2023 May 1, 2022 by Jessica Spears
A thriving college town with a historic district. Our top 8 things to do in Knoxville with kids will keep you having fun throughout the city!
10 Favorite Things To Do In Memphis With Kids
January 6, 2023 April 11, 2022 by Jessica Spears
Known as "Home of the Blues", Memphis TN has many family-friendly attractions. You'll find many exciting things to do in Memphis with kids.
Top 4 Amusement Parks In Tennessee You Need To Visit
January 9, 2023 March 31, 2022 by Meryl Kalman-Sarrecchia
There are so many great amusement parks in Tennessee! Check our our post to see the ones that you don't want to miss visiting!
Experience The Unforgettable Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, TN
July 9, 2022 May 24, 2017 by Bryanna
When in Nashville, TN you can't miss the iconic and unforgettable Grand Ole Opry! To add to the experience you will also want to do the backstage tour!
What One Year of Fulltime Family Travel Around the US Looks Like
June 16, 2016 December 23, 2015 by Bryanna
In 2015 we travelled to 14 states and visited countless National Parks, Mounuments, Museums, and more! Below is a timeline in pictures of our journey over the last year. We had a great year and we are excited to see what 2016 brings! Thanks for being on this journey with us and if you have …


text:
(function(jigLib){
	var Vector3D=jigLib.Vector3D;
	var Matrix3D=jigLib.Matrix3D;
	var JMatrix3D=jigLib.JMatrix3D;
        var JNumber3D=jigLib.JNumber3D;
        var ISkin3D=jigLib.ISkin3D;
        var PhysicsState=jigLib.PhysicsState;
	var RigidBody=jigLib.RigidBody;
	var EdgeData=jigLib.EdgeData;
	var SpanData=jigLib.SpanData;

	/**
         * @author Muzer(muzerly@gmail.com)
         * @link http://code.google.com/p/jiglibflash
         */

	var JBox=function(skin, width, depth, height){
		this.super(skin);

		this._edges=[
                        new EdgeData( 0, 1 ), new EdgeData( 3, 1 ), new EdgeData( 2, 3 ),
                        new EdgeData( 2, 0 ), new EdgeData( 4, 5 ), new EdgeData( 5, 7 ),
                        new EdgeData( 6, 7 ), new EdgeData( 4, 6 ), new EdgeData( 7, 1 ),
                        new EdgeData( 5, 3 ), new EdgeData( 4, 2 ), new EdgeData( 6, 0 )];

		this._face=[
                        [6, 7, 1, 0], [5, 4, 2, 3],
                        [3, 1, 7, 5], [4, 6, 0, 2],
                        [1, 3, 2, 0], [7, 6, 4, 5]]

		this._type = "BOX";

		this._sideLengths = new Vector3D(width, depth, height);
		this._boundingSphere = 0.5 * this._sideLengths.get_length();
		this.initPoint();
		this.set_mass(1);
		this.updateBoundingBox();
	}
	jigLib.extends(JBox,jigLib.RigidBody);
	JBox.prototype._sideLengths=null;
        JBox.prototype._points=null;
        JBox.prototype._edges=null;
        JBox.prototype._face=null;

        JBox.prototype.initPoint=function(){
		var halfSide = this.getHalfSideLengths();
		this._points = [];
		this._points[0] = new Vector3D(halfSide.x, -halfSide.y, halfSide.z);
		this._points[1] = new Vector3D(halfSide.x, halfSide.y, halfSide.z);
		this._points[2] = new Vector3D(-halfSide.x, -halfSide.y, halfSide.z);
		this._points[3] = new Vector3D(-halfSide.x, halfSide.y, halfSide.z);
		this._points[4] = new Vector3D(-halfSide.x, -halfSide.y, -halfSide.z);
		this._points[5] = new Vector3D(-halfSide.x, halfSide.y, -halfSide.z);
		this._points[6] = new Vector3D(halfSide.x, -halfSide.y, -halfSide.z);
		this._points[7] = new Vector3D(halfSide.x, halfSide.y, -halfSide.z);
	}

        JBox.prototype.set_sideLengths=function(size){
		this._sideLengths = size.clone();
		this._boundingSphere = 0.5 * this._sideLengths.length;
		this.initPoint();
		this.setInertia(this.getInertiaProperties(this.get_mass()));
		this.setActive();
		this.updateBoundingBox();
	}

	//Returns the full side lengths
        JBox.prototype.get_sideLengths=function(){
		return this._sideLengths;
	}

        JBox.prototype.get_edges=function(){
		return this._edges;
	}

        JBox.prototype.getVolume=function(){
		return (this._sideLengths.x * this._sideLengths.y * this._sideLengths.z);
	}

        JBox.prototype.getSurfaceArea=function(){
		return 2 * (this._sideLengths.x * this._sideLengths.y + this._sideLengths.x * this._sideLengths.z + this._sideLengths.y * this._sideLengths.z);
	}

	// Returns the half-side lengths
        JBox.prototype.getHalfSideLengths=function(){
		return JNumber3D.getScaleVector(this._sideLengths, 0.5);
	}

	// Gets the minimum and maximum extents of the box along the axis, relative to the centre of the box.
        JBox.prototype.getSpan=function(axis){
		var cols= this.get_currentState().getOrientationCols();
		var obj = new SpanData();
		var s = Math.abs(axis.dotProduct(cols[0])) * (0.5 * this._sideLengths.x);
		var u = Math.abs(axis.dotProduct(cols[1])) * (0.5 * this._sideLengths.y);
		var d = Math.abs(axis.dotProduct(cols[2])) * (0.5 * this._sideLengths.z);
		var r = s + u + d;
		var p = this.get_currentState().position.dotProduct(axis);
		obj.min = p - r;
		obj.max = p + r;

		return obj;
	}

	// Gets the corner points
        JBox.prototype.getCornerPoints=function(state){
		var vertex;
		var arr = [];

		var transform = JMatrix3D.getTranslationMatrix(state.position.x, state.position.y, state.position.z);
		transform = JMatrix3D.getAppendMatrix3D(state.get_orientation(), transform);

		for(var i=0;i<this._points.length;i++){
			var _point=this._points[i];
			vertex = new Vector3D(_point.x, _point.y, _point.z);
			JMatrix3D.multiplyVector(transform, vertex);
			arr.push(vertex);
			//arr.push(transform.transformVector(new Vector3D(_point.x, _point.y, _point.z)));
		}
		//arr.fixed = true;
		return arr;
	}

        JBox.prototype.getSqDistanceToPoint=function(state, closestBoxPoint, point){
		closestBoxPoint.pos = point.subtract(state.position);
		JMatrix3D.multiplyVector(JMatrix3D.getTransposeMatrix(state.get_orientation()), closestBoxPoint.pos);

		var delta = 0;
		var sqDistance = 0;
		var halfSideLengths = this.getHalfSideLengths();

		if (closestBoxPoint.pos.x < -halfSideLengths.x){
			delta = closestBoxPoint.pos.x + halfSideLengths.x;
			sqDistance += (delta * delta);
			closestBoxPoint.pos.x = -halfSideLengths.x;
		}else if (closestBoxPoint.pos.x > halfSideLengths.x){
			delta = closestBoxPoint.pos.x - halfSideLengths.x;
			sqDistance += (delta * delta);
			closestBoxPoint.pos.x = halfSideLengths.x;
		}

		if (closestBoxPoint.pos.y < -halfSideLengths.y){
			delta = closestBoxPoint.pos.y + halfSideLengths.y;
			sqDistance += (delta * delta);
			closestBoxPoint.pos.y = -halfSideLengths.y;
		}else if (closestBoxPoint.pos.y > halfSideLengths.y){
			delta = closestBoxPoint.pos.y - halfSideLengths.y;
			sqDistance += (delta * delta);
			closestBoxPoint.pos.y = halfSideLengths.y;
		}

		if (closestBoxPoint.pos.z < -halfSideLengths.z){
			delta = closestBoxPoint.pos.z + halfSideLengths.z;
			sqDistance += (delta * delta);
			closestBoxPoint.pos.z = -halfSideLengths.z;
		}else if (closestBoxPoint.pos.z > halfSideLengths.z){
			delta = (closestBoxPoint.pos.z - halfSideLengths.z);
			sqDistance += (delta * delta);
			closestBoxPoint.pos.z = halfSideLengths.z;
		}
		JMatrix3D.multiplyVector(state.get_orientation(), closestBoxPoint.pos);
		closestBoxPoint.pos = state.position.add(closestBoxPoint.pos);
		return sqDistance;
	}

	// Returns the distance from the point to the box, (-ve if the
	// point is inside the box), and optionally the closest point on the box.
        JBox.prototype.getDistanceToPoint=function(state, closestBoxPoint, point){
		return Math.sqrt(this.getSqDistanceToPoint(state, closestBoxPoint, point));
	}

        JBox.prototype.pointIntersect=function(pos){
		var p = pos.subtract(this.get_currentState().position);
		var h = JNumber3D.getScaleVector(this._sideLengths, 0.5);
		var dirVec;
		var cols = this.get_currentState().getOrientationCols();
		for (var dir; dir < 3; dir++){
			dirVec = cols[dir].clone();
			dirVec.normalize();
			if (Math.abs(dirVec.dotProduct(p)) > JNumber3D.toArray(h)[dir] + JNumber3D.NUM_TINY){
				return false;
			}
		}
		return true;
	}

        JBox.prototype.getSupportVertices=function(axis){
		var vertices = [];
		var d = [1,1,1];
		var H;
		var temp = this.get_currentState().getOrientationCols();
		temp[0].normalize();
		temp[1].normalize();
		temp[2].normalize();
		for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++){
			d[i] = axis.dotProduct(temp[i]);
			if (Math.abs(d[i]) > 1 - 0.001){
				var f = (d[i] < 0) ? (i * 2) : (i * 2) + 1;
				for (var j = 0; j < 4; j++){
					H = this._points[this._face[f][j]];
					var _vj = vertices[j] = this.get_currentState().position.clone();
					_vj = _vj.add(JNumber3D.getScaleVector(temp[0], H.x));
					_vj = _vj.add(JNumber3D.getScaleVector(temp[1], H.y));
					_vj = _vj.add(JNumber3D.getScaleVector(temp[2], H.z));
				}
				return vertices;
			}
		}

		for (i = 0; i < 3; i++){
			if (Math.abs(d[i]) < 0.005){
				var k;
				var m = (i + 1) % 3;
				var n = (i + 2) % 3;

				H = this.get_currentState().position.clone();
				k = (d[m] > 0) ? -1 : 1;
				H = H.add(JNumber3D.getScaleVector(temp[m], k * JNumber3D.toArray(this._sideLengths)[m] / 2));
				k = (d[n] > 0) ? -1 : 1;
				H = H.add(JNumber3D.getScaleVector(temp[n], k * JNumber3D.toArray(this._sideLengths)[n] / 2));

				vertices[0] = H.add(JNumber3D.getScaleVector(temp[i], JNumber3D.toArray(this._sideLengths)[i] / 2));
				vertices[1] = H.add(JNumber3D.getScaleVector(temp[i], -JNumber3D.toArray(this._sideLengths)[i] / 2));
				return vertices;
			}
		}

		var _v0 =vertices[0] = this.get_currentState().position.clone();
		k = (d[0] > 0) ? -1 : 1;
		vertices[0] = _v0.add(JNumber3D.getScaleVector(temp[0], k *this. _sideLengths.x / 2));
		k = (d[1] > 0) ? -1 : 1;
		vertices[0] = _v0.add(JNumber3D.getScaleVector(temp[1], k * this._sideLengths.y / 2));
		k = (d[2] > 0) ? -1 : 1;
		vertices[0] = _v0.add(JNumber3D.getScaleVector(temp[2], k * this._sideLengths.z / 2));
		return vertices;
	}

        JBox.prototype.segmentIntersect=function(out, seg, state){
		out.fracOut = 0;
		out.posOut = new Vector3D();
		out.normalOut = new Vector3D();

		var frac = JNumber3D.NUM_HUGE;
		var min = -JNumber3D.NUM_HUGE;
		var max = JNumber3D.NUM_HUGE;
		var dirMin = 0;
		var dirMax = 0;
		var dir = 0;
		var p = state.position.subtract(seg.get_origin());
		var h = JNumber3D.getScaleVector(this._sideLengths, 0.5);

		//var tempV:Vector3D;
		var e;
		var f;
		var t;
		var t1;
		var t2;

		var orientationCol = state.getOrientationCols();
		var directionVectorArray = JNumber3D.toArray(h);
		var directionVectorNumber;
		for (dir = 0; dir < 3; dir++){
			directionVectorNumber = directionVectorArray[dir];
			e = orientationCol[dir].dotProduct(p);
			f = orientationCol[dir].dotProduct(seg.get_delta());
			if (Math.abs(f) > JNumber3D.NUM_TINY){
				t1 = (e + directionVectorNumber) / f;
				t2 = (e - directionVectorNumber) / f;
				if (t1 > t2){
					t = t1;
					t1 = t2;
					t2 = t;
				}
				if (t1 > min){
					min = t1;
					dirMin = dir;
				}
				if (t2 < max){
					max = t2;
					dirMax = dir;
				}
				if (min > max) return false;
				if (max < 0) return false;
			}else if (-e - directionVectorNumber > 0 || -e + directionVectorNumber < 0){
				return false;
			}
		}

		if (min > 0){
			dir = dirMin;
			frac = min;
		}else{
			dir = dirMax;
			frac = max;
		}
		if (frac < 0) frac = 0;
		/*if (frac > 1)
		frac = 1;*/
		if (frac > 1 - JNumber3D.NUM_TINY){
			return false;
		}
		out.fracOut = frac;
		out.posOut = seg.getPoint(frac);
		if (orientationCol[dir].dotProduct(seg.get_delta()) < 0){
			out.normalOut = JNumber3D.getScaleVector(orientationCol[dir], -1);
		}else{
			out.normalOut = orientationCol[dir];
		}
		return true;
	}

        JBox.prototype.getInertiaProperties=function(m){
		return JMatrix3D.getScaleMatrix(
		(m / 12) * (this._sideLengths.y * this._sideLengths.y + this._sideLengths.z * this._sideLengths.z),
		(m / 12) * (this._sideLengths.x * this._sideLengths.x + this._sideLengths.z * this._sideLengths.z),
		(m / 12) * (this._sideLengths.x * this._sideLengths.x + this._sideLengths.y * this._sideLengths.y))
	}

        JBox.prototype.updateBoundingBox=function(){
		this._boundingBox.clear();
		this._boundingBox.addBox(this);
	}

	jigLib.JBox=JBox;

})(jigLib)


text:
A pretty R rated movie about a supernatural murdering clown. Also, the kid from Stranger Things swears a ton. There's also some horrible things that humans do to each other. Really, a solid R. An R that you could build your house on.
DIRECTOR: Andy Muschietti
This is one of those indie movies. You probably haven't heard of it. (Okay, I'm going to establish the fact that "It" is a very common pronoun and multiple times through this review, "It" can serve for both a pronoun and a proper noun.) I'm joking, of course. This movie dominated pop culture for the past few weeks. Everyone's obsessed with it. You know the Halloween costumes are going to be really messed up this year with this movie that's out. What got me really jazzed is that it was apparently terrifying people. It was terrifying people who don't get scared at horror movies. I know that Stephen King's novel It is infamously one of the scariest novels ever. The mini-series with Tim Curry as Pennywise is also lauded as one of the scariest movies ever. So I went in ready to get messed up.
Okay, I didn't get messed up. I really liked the movie and there were some legitimate scares, but this movie isn't going to be a secretly passed around tape. (Tape, look at me. It looks like I come from '89 now.) I know exactly who it scares: people who are afraid of clowns. Me, I never had a clown phobia. Not a once. At best, I get anxiety when performers try to get me involved in the show. Mascots aren't my favorite. But clowns? Clowns are great. Is the movie wholly relying on the terror that is associated with clowns to get by, but you can get pretty far into this movie if you don't have clownophobia (coulrophobia, if the Internet is to be believed). Since I was on a Stephen King kick this summer, I audiobooked a lot of the novel before going to see the movie. The book is insanely long and I had to return it to the digital library, but I got many of the beats that were eventually used in the movie. This is where the movie got really smart. I know that Muschietti cut his teeth on Mama, which I hear is also great, but he really managed to find an awesome balance to this movie. Since I've seen the mini-series and have read most of the book, I was really prepped for a lot of the scares that were coming up. (I guess I should have prefaced this earlier. I was more ready than most for this movie.) Muschietti keeps the essential story beats of the novel, but changes how Pennywise messes with the kids, sometimes in subtle ways and sometimes not. But he keeps the essential narrative while scaring the audience in new ways. I know that die hard purists want to see their scares onscreen. But that would have been completely boring for people who don't want to see the same things over and over again. The scares were significantly more authentic because they were a variation on a theme. That was awesome. The important relationships and plot points remained (mostly) intact. No, THAT scene is not in the movie. Perhaps that's what remakes really need. Most remakes are either slavish to the source material or trying improving on what has been done before with limited results. It really does something parallel to the original and I like that better.
I can't believe that I'm saying this, but I might be a hypocrite. I always thought that the imagination was way scarier than anything shown on screen. With the original mini-series, a lot of the scariness was left to the imagination because of budgetary constraints. People were happy with this, but I never found the original scary. I think that this is the first time that a movie successfully pulled off special effects that are equal to the imagination. SPOILER, the movie full on shows Georgie's arm eaten off. Normally we get a cut away or fade to black with an L-cut. Not this movie. It is full on established that Pennywise is a supernatural monster. That's great. I've seen the out-of-focus / shaky scary effect, but it really works with Pennywise. Pennywise almost becomes a creature or a force of nature than he is a character for much of the movie because of the effectiveness of the special effects. Part of me is getting bored with having to figure out what happened off camera. So while I normally applaud off camera gore, I think it works with It for some reason. I guess the special effects would have to be considered part of the mise-en-scene and as part of that, Pennywise's whole build is nearly perfect in that context. His makeup works so much better with Bill Skarsgård than it does on Tim Curry. Tim Curry is creepy and it works, but Skarsgård takes it to this whole other level. I don't think there are many perfect harmonic convergences like Skarsgård and his entire build-up. That costume, the makeup, the props, the lighting. All of that with that actor is absolutely genius.
I hope you guys are into horror because I'm getting all of the horror movies out of the way now for our October podcasts. The big podcast we are doing in October is the Nightmare on Elm Street franchises and I found the connections between It and the original Nightmare eerily similar. A lot of the same beats and motifs are hit between the two movies. If you are watching these movies around the same time, start making a checklist of similarities between the two. But the movie, perhaps unfortunately, also shares a bit too much with Stranger Things. There seems to be a little bit of coattail riding with It setting the movie in 1989. I know why they are doing it. They want to have the adult Losers in present day, but then casting Finn Wolfhard as Richie is very on the nose. (Apparently, the Stranger Things folks had to give Wolfhard a talking to because his newly found pottymouth. This is why I tell my mother-in-law that Olivia can't be a child actor.) The feel of the movie is very much like Stranger Things, hitting the plot points of a group of nerds in the '80s fighting against a supernatural creature that they can only see in a small town. I love me some nostalgia and the execution of this nostalgia is top notch. (Hey, Nightmare 4 was playing! Look at that synergy!) But I also like the idea that something isn't capitalizing on another work's success. Let Stranger Things be Stranger Things. I don't want to get burnt out on that formula. I kind of wonder if there was a discussion of keeping the movie in the '50s like the book was. There's nothing wrong with setting the adult Losers in '84. It's also odd how Finn Wolfhard has already been typecast for the rest of his life and he's only been in two things. Regardless, New Line Cinema knew what they were buying when they hired him, so can I be THAT mad about it? Probs not.
It is a really solid horror movie considering that we haven't gotten a ton of great non A24 movies lately. I love that one of the Stephen King adaptations was successful and I'll probably watch it a few times. Again, if you aren't scared of clowns, the movie will be scary enough without destroying you. If you are scared of clowns...well, I have no good advice for you.


text:
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About Study Group
Alison Alfers
Working with universities
Chief Legal and Compliance Officer
Alison Alfers joined Study Group in February 2021 as Chief Legal and Compliance Officer. Alison's background includes serving as General Counsel in a range of publicly traded and privately held companies, including DigitalGlobe Inc. (now MAXAR)- a NYSE-listed satellite technology company, Knowledge Learning Corporation, and most recently Cherwell Software. Key areas of expertise include global transactions, corporate governance, regulatory compliance, intellectual property and governmental affairs.
Alison is passionate about education and followed up her Juris Doctor degree with a Master of Public Health in 2015. Alison has also served as an Adjunct Professor at the University of Denver College of Law, and the Milken Institute School of Public Health at George Washington University.
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Robert A. Thompson (Registration# 1625417) is an attorney registered with New York State, Office of Court Administration. The admitted year is 1968.
Robert A. Thompson is an attorney admitted to practice in New York State in 1968. The registration number with NYS Office of Court Administration (OCA) is #1625417. The law school graduated is Harvard Law School.
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text:
Manchester Security, Conflict & Peace (408)
Manchester Film and Media Studies (17)
Manchester Political Studies (1,687)
Manchester History of Medicine (13)
Manchester Religious Studies (55)
Manchester International Relations (485)
Manchester Digital Textbooks (301)
The free speech wars
Abstract only
How did we get here and why does it matter?
Editor: Charlotte Lydia Riley
This book asks who gets to exercise free speech and who does not, and examines what happens when powerful voices think they have been silenced. It asks how the spaces and structures of 'speech' – mass media, the lecture theatre, the public event, the political rally and perhaps most frequently the internet – shape this debate. It explores the long histories of this contemporary moment, to think about how acts such as censorship, boycotts and protests around free speech developed historically and how these histories inform the present. The book first explores two opposing sides in this debate: starting with a defence of speech freedoms and examining how speech has been curbed and controlled, and countering this with an examination of the way that free speech has been weaponised and deployed as a bad faith argument by people wishing to commit harm. It then considers two key battlefields in the free speech wars: first, the university campus and secondly, the internet. This book is the first to explore this moment in the free speech wars. It hopes to equip readers to navigate this complex, highly charged topic: rather than taking a side in the debate, it encourages the reader to be suspicious – or at least sceptical – of the way that this topic is being framed and articulated in the media today. The free speech wars should act as context, provocation, stimulation and – hopefully – a route through this conflict.
Grad school as conversion therapy
'Free speech' and the rights of trans and non-binary people on university campuses
Grace Lavery
In 2018 the New York Times reported that the Department of Health and Human Services was planning to rewrite Title IX guidelines to define an individual's sex as 'the sex listed on a person's birth certificate'. The purpose, evidently, was to abolish the idea of trans people by executive fiat. Meanwhile, some academics have attempted to frame the practice of deadnaming trans academics and students as a question of 'academic freedom'. This chapter responds in order to attempt to establish a baseline protocol for scholarly discourse with trans and non-binary students and faculty – both in research and in teaching – and to encourage other faculty to sign on to such a protocol. That protocol is: no, deadnaming and misgendering are not acceptable scholarly practices, and no, they are not covered by the principle of academic freedom.
in The free speech wars
Charlotte Lydia Riley
In a diverse society, is freedom of speech realisable?
Edson Burton
Emma Harvey
Recently in Bristol, the rights and liberties of LGBT+ communities have collided with the traditions and beliefs of, predominantly, faith communities. On social media the narrative has quickly become polarised. At a time when strong leadership feels critical yet absent, politicians and programmers point to one another to take responsibility for regulation. The discourse continues to play out in the everyday and communities who look to statutory and sector agencies for clarity have been left confused, frustrated and wanting. Using scenarios that have arisen within our inner-city community arts centre as case studies, this chapter explores the everyday challenges of intersectionality approaches in defining and defending free speech. Drawing on influences including programmer and activist Richard Stallman's distinction between 'free' and 'open', we seek to establish a set of 'Free Speech Principles' to assist in navigating intersectional contradictions of the Equality Act 2010. Analysing examples of 'free speech' within today's political and social media landscape and comparing these to historical examples of civil rights movements that have disrupted traditional power structures, it asks if today's weaponisation of free speech is free at all and explores what might be missing of the human among the law and the algorithm. Finally, it refines the principles of our programmers and lawmakers to provide greater clarity for everyday discourse, hoping to develop a simple toolkit for clarifying how organisations and programmers might respond in order to uphold our collective freedom of expression.
This introduction sets out some of the key critical questions that will be explored in this book, and offers a framing for the broader debate, which focuses on the balancing of free speech rights and the ways in which free speech rights are increasingly invoked to try to defend speech or behaviour that should be critiqued or challenged. The introduction first examines the legal and constitutional right to 'free speech', as defended in the UN Declaration of Human Rights, the defence of which is critical to democracy and free political expression around the world. It then explores the ways in which 'freedom of speech' has often taken on a blurrier, more nebulous meaning, which is as much to do with asserting freedom from criticism as it is with defending the right to freedom from censorship by governments. It then introduces some of the key spaces and concepts around which freedom of speech arguments have coalesced – notably 'safe spaces' and 'no-platforming' vs. ideas about 'hate speech' and 'political correctness'. The introduction finishes with a more personal reflection on the questions around free speech: who gets to make these claims, whose rights are defended by institutions, and what sort of speech is tolerated within the bounds of free speech and what is seen as off limits.
Is boycotting for or against free speech?
Andrew Phemister
Many of the recent claims of silencing and censorship from the political right have actually centred on the legitimacy of boycotting. Calls for boycotts, whether effective or not, are frequently derided as attempts to restrict free speech. Yet in America at least, boycotts are protected under the First Amendment, the right to boycott being itself a right to free speech. For those who make such claims of social censorship, often under the mantle of 'classical liberalism' or libertarianism, this poses a rather obvious conundrum: is boycotting an example of or a hindrance to 'free speech'. But the problem is not a new one. The history of the tactic reveals that the befuddlement of the modern 'classical liberal' has its historical antecedents. The purpose of this chapter is to compare the reaction to the boycott among late nineteenth-century Anglo-American liberals, and their struggle to condemn such free non-violent actions within their political framework, with the responses of modern-day conservative and libertarian voices. Both are marked by incomprehension and inconsistency, and, just as in the late nineteenth century, contemporary critics often turn to the accusation of 'irrationality'. Then as now, such claims feed a deep hostility towards the idea of democracy itself.
The logic of nonsense
Nina Lyon
This chapter examines the use of irony and nonsense in the contemporary political battlefield, from Twitter and Netflix comedy specials to the self-satirising turn of broadsheet journalism. When faced with the conflicting desires of wanting to say something that we suspect will be received as problematic while also escaping censure for it, we can choose not to say it, to say it straight and take the consequences, or to try to fudge it: to say and not-say it. The problem with the latter option is that the contradiction it entails will run the risk of being noticed. One way of navigating contradictory statements is to frame them within irony: we often find humour in paradox, and by asserting something as a joke, or more subtly couching it in an ironic tone, so that you can never be entirely sure what is meant within that style of discourse, the intention behind speech is blurred. A Trumpian technique entails going further still, embracing nonsense in a series of apparently conflicting propositions. Many commentators currently bemoan the 'postmodernism' that apparently besets public discourse, seeking to negate and immolate positive assertions about the world. But there is nothing intrinsically postmodern, or even new, about any of this. Since Petronius, Nero's aesthetic advisor, wrote the Satyricon bemoaning the cultural downfall of Rome while simultaneously revelling in it, playing with illogic and the surreal has been a literary tactic common to times of change.
Open-air free speech
The past, present and future of Speakers' Corner
Edward Packard
With a particular focus on the origins of Speakers' Corner in Hyde Park in the mid-nineteenth century, this chapter describes how individuals first carved out this enduring space for public speech and how, from the beginning, it included platforms advocating controversial political and religious opinions. The process of 'creating' Speakers' Corner involved a complex relationship between the forces of authority (including government agencies) and the park's users. It invited still-relevant questions about access, ownership and use of public space. Nineteenth-century governments vacillated between suppressing controversial speakers in Hyde Park or tolerating them as a form of democratic safety valve. Indeed, despite its popular image as a site of free speech, Speakers' Corner has always been tightly controlled from above, whether tacitly through the belittling of what is said there, or explicitly through official regulation. In this regard, this chapter concludes that the key lesson from the history of Speakers' Corner is not to focus on the preservation of the site in its current state, but to continue the struggle to protect individual rights to speak, listen and debate in public spaces.
The politicisation of campus free speech in Portugal
Adam Standring and Daniel Cardoso
In 2017 a right-wing student organisation, Nova Portugalidade, invited the controversial figure Jaime Nogueira Pinto to speak at the famously left-wing Faculty of Human and Social Sciences of the New University of Lisbon. Nogueira Pinto is perhaps best known nationally for his defence of the dictator António Salazar on the television programme The Greatest Portuguese, as well as publishing polemical texts on Portuguese colonialism and Islam. The ensuing withdrawal of a platform for Nogueira Pinto by the Faculty's director, in response to pressure from the students' association, resulted in protests, counter-protests and threats of violence, and opened up a national conversation on the pros and cons of 'no-platforming' that elicited comment from public figures up to and including the President of the Republic. The Portuguese case is indicative of the way that extremist politics is dependent, in nascent culture wars, on mainstream media and politics to amplify its message. Among the reasons for the transformation of a local dispute between students into a national controversy was the role played by right-wing pundits writing in Observador, a national newspaper, and by the extreme-right party, PNR (National Renovator Party), in attracting the attention and comment of mainstream media and pundits.
A postmodern neo-Marxist's guide to free speech
Jordan Peterson, the alt-right and neo-fascism
Ben Whitham
Jordan Peterson is a central figure in the so-called 'culture wars'. Lumping together 'postmodern neo-Marxists', feminists, queer theorists and transgender rights activists as the 'social justice warrior' blob he stands against, Peterson has become a poster boy of the transnational far right. This chapter tackles Peterson's conceptualisation of his enemies head-on, arguing that he identifies something real: unity among diverse critical traditions in our opposition to 'free speech'. 'Postmodern neo-Marxists' may be an oxymoron, given the well-documented animosity between these two intellectual movements. But what postmodernists (or poststructuralists), Marxists, feminists, and gender and queer theorists share in common is a belief that the ways in which we theorise, explain and act in our world must stem from actual social practices rather than abstract, ahistorical principles. Whereas the 'alt-right' depicts a right to free speech as a universal principle, endogenous to 'Western civilisation', in practice it has always and everywhere been strictly limited. And so it goes today – not least in the culture wars, where, for example, women of colour calling out racism are routinely 'shut down' for 'incivility'. A guide to free speech politics in the age of Peterson, this chapter shows how inescapably raced, classed and gendered the exclusionary practice of 'free speech' really is, and what this tells us about liberalism's inadequacy in responding to neo-fascism.
The problem of neutrality and intellectual freedom
The case of libraries
Sam Popowich
'Intellectual freedom' is considered one of the core values of librarianship, and is the equivalent of free speech/free expression in other domains. However, intellectual freedom has always been equated with the professional 'neutrality' of libraries, and while there has always been a tension in the profession between intellectual freedom and social responsibility, the recent increase in politicisation of free speech has made the purported neutrality of libraries and intellectual freedom a site of political and cultural debate. In 2018 the American Library Association approved changes to an interpretation of its room-booking policy to explicitly allow hate groups to use public library spaces, setting off a major debate within librarianship over freedom of speech and no-platforming. The debate essentially revolved around hate groups gaining legitimacy or credibility by using public library spaces to proclaim their message, the question of supporting hate groups' rights over the rights of users and staff who may feel targeted by hate speech, and the question of how the public library can or should adjudicate between competing rights. The language change was eventually reversed, but this has only postponed a resolution of the underlying contradictions within the library profession. This chapter begins by laying out the basic positions on the room-booking policy, but then broadens out to situate 'intellectual freedom' within librarianship's hegemonic liberalism and offer a radical alternative vision for libraries in today's highly polarised political culture. It then suggests that libraries need to abandon a pretence of neutrality and opt instead for a commitment to social justice. This commitment would enable libraries to escape from the paradox which a commitment to an abstract, neutral, intellectual freedom has placed them in.


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text:
<title>dlib C++ Library - assignment_learning_ex.cpp</title>

// The contents of this file are in the public domain. See LICENSE_FOR_EXAMPLE_PROGRAMS.txt
/*

    This is an example illustrating the use of the dlib machine learning tools for
    learning to solve the assignment problem.

    Many tasks in computer vision or natural language processing can be thought of
    as assignment problems.  For example, in a computer vision application where
    you are trying to track objects moving around in video, you likely need to solve
    an association problem every time you get a new video frame.  That is, each new
    frame will contain objects (e.g. people, cars, etc.) and you will want to
    determine which of these objects are actually things you have seen in previous
    frames.

    The assignment problem can be optimally solved using the well known Hungarian
    algorithm.  However, this algorithm requires the user to supply some function
    which measures the "goodness" of an individual association.  In many cases the
    best way to measure this goodness isn't obvious and therefore machine learning
    methods are used.

    The remainder of this example program will show you how to learn a goodness
    function which is optimal, in a certain sense, for use with the Hungarian
    algorithm.  To do this, we will make a simple dataset of example associations
    and use them to train a supervised machine learning method.
*/

#include <iostream>
#include <dlib/svm_threaded.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace dlib;

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/*
    In an association problem, we will talk about the "Left Hand Set" (LHS) and the
    "Right Hand Set" (RHS).  The task will be to learn to map all elements of LHS to
    unique elements of RHS.  If an element of LHS can't be mapped to a unique element of
    RHS for some reason (e.g. LHS is bigger than RHS) then it can also be mapped to the
    special -1 output, indicating no mapping to RHS.

    So the first step is to define the type of elements in each of these sets.  In the
    code below we will use column vectors in both LHS and RHS.  However, in general,
    they can each contain any type you like.  LHS can even contain a different type
    than RHS.
*/

typedef dlib::matrix<double,0,1> column_vector;

// This type represents a pair of LHS and RHS.  That is, sample_type::first
// contains a left hand set and sample_type::second contains a right hand set.
typedef std::pair<std::vector<column_vector>, std::vector<column_vector> > sample_type;

// This type will contain the association information between LHS and RHS.  That is,
// it will determine which elements of LHS map to which elements of RHS.
typedef std::vector<long> label_type;

// In this example, all our LHS and RHS elements will be 3-dimensional vectors.
const unsigned long num_dims = 3;

void make_data (
    std::vector<sample_type>& samples,
    std::vector<label_type>& labels
);
/*!
    ensures
        - This function creates a training dataset of 5 example associations.
        - #samples.size() == 5
        - #labels.size() == 5
        - for all valid i:
            - #samples[i].first == a left hand set
            - #samples[i].second == a right hand set
            - #labels[i] == a set of integers indicating how to map LHS to RHS.  To be
              precise:
                - #samples[i].first.size() == #labels[i].size()
                - for all valid j:
                    -1 <= #labels[i][j] < #samples[i].second.size()
                    (A value of -1 indicates that #samples[i].first[j] isn't associated with anything.
                    All other values indicate the associating element of #samples[i].second)
                - All elements of #labels[i] which are not equal to -1 are unique.  That is,
                  multiple elements of #samples[i].first can't associate to the same element
                  in #samples[i].second.
!*/

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct feature_extractor
{
    /*!
        Recall that our task is to learn the "goodness of assignment" function for
        use with the Hungarian algorithm.  The dlib tools assume this function
        can be written as:
            match_score(l,r) == dot(w, PSI(l,r))
        where l is an element of LHS, r is an element of RHS, w is a parameter vector,
        and PSI() is a user supplied feature extractor.

        This feature_extractor is where we implement PSI().  How you implement this
        is highly problem dependent.
    !*/

    // The type of feature vector returned from get_features().  This must be either
    // a dlib::matrix or a sparse vector.
    typedef column_vector feature_vector_type;

    // The types of elements in the LHS and RHS sets
    typedef column_vector lhs_element;
    typedef column_vector rhs_element;

    unsigned long num_features() const
    {
        // Return the dimensionality of feature vectors produced by get_features()
        return num_dims + 1;
    }

    void get_features (
        const lhs_element& left,
        const rhs_element& right,
        feature_vector_type& feats
    ) const
    /*!
        ensures
            - #feats == PSI(left,right)
              (i.e. This function computes a feature vector which, in some sense,
              captures information useful for deciding if matching left to right
              is "good").
    !*/
    {
        // We will have:
        //   - feats(i) == std::pow(left(i) - right(i), 2.0)
        // Except for the last element of feats which will be equal to 1 and
        // therefore function as a bias term.  Again, how you define this feature
        // extractor is highly problem dependent.
        feats = join_cols(squared(left - right), ones_matrix<double>(1,1));
    }

};

// We need to define serialize() and deserialize() for our feature extractor if we want
// to be able to serialize and deserialize our learned models.  In this case the
// implementation is empty since our feature_extractor doesn't have any state.  But you
// might define more complex feature extractors which have state that needs to be saved.
void serialize   (const feature_extractor& , std::ostream& ) {}
void deserialize (feature_extractor&       , std::istream& ) {}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

int main()
{
    try
    {
        // Get a small bit of training data.
        std::vector<sample_type> samples;
        std::vector<label_type> labels;
        make_data(samples, labels);

        structural_assignment_trainer<feature_extractor> trainer;
        // This is the common SVM C parameter.  Larger values encourage the
        // trainer to attempt to fit the data exactly but might overfit.
        // In general, you determine this parameter by cross-validation.
        trainer.set_c(10);
        // This trainer can use multiple CPU cores to speed up the training.
        // So set this to the number of available CPU cores.
        trainer.set_num_threads(4);

        // Do the training and save the results in assigner.
        assignment_function<feature_extractor> assigner = trainer.train(samples, labels);

        // Test the assigner on our data.  The output will indicate that it makes the
        // correct associations on all samples.
        cout << "Test the learned assignment function: " << endl;
        for (unsigned long i = 0; i < samples.size(); ++i)
        {
            // Predict the assignments for the LHS and RHS in samples[i].
            std::vector<long> predicted_assignments = assigner(samples[i]);
            cout << "true labels:      " << trans(mat(labels[i]));
            cout << "predicted labels: " << trans(mat(predicted_assignments)) << endl;
        }

        // We can also use this tool to compute the percentage of assignments predicted correctly.
        cout << "training accuracy: " << test_assignment_function(assigner, samples, labels) << endl;

        // Since testing on your training data is a really bad idea, we can also do 5-fold cross validation.
        // Happily, this also indicates that all associations were made correctly.
        randomize_samples(samples, labels);
        cout << "cv accuracy:       " << cross_validate_assignment_trainer(trainer, samples, labels, 5) << endl;

        // Finally, the assigner can be serialized to disk just like most dlib objects.
        ofstream fout("assigner.dat", ios::binary);
        serialize(assigner, fout);
        fout.close();

        // recall from disk
        ifstream fin("assigner.dat", ios::binary);
        deserialize(assigner, fin);
    }
    catch (std::exception& e)
    {
        cout << "EXCEPTION THROWN" << endl;
        cout << e.what() << endl;
    }
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

void make_data (
    std::vector<sample_type>& samples,
    std::vector<label_type>& labels
)
{
    // Make four different vectors.  We will use them to make example assignments.
    column_vector A(num_dims), B(num_dims), C(num_dims), D(num_dims);
    A = 1,0,0;
    B = 0,1,0;
    C = 0,0,1;
    D = 0,1,1;

    std::vector<column_vector> lhs;
    std::vector<column_vector> rhs;
    label_type mapping;

    // In all the assignments to follow, we will only say an element of the LHS
    // matches an element of the RHS if the two are equal.  So A matches with A,
    // B with B, etc.  But never A with C, for example.
    // ------------------------

    lhs.resize(3);
    lhs[0] = A;
    lhs[1] = B;
    lhs[2] = C;

    rhs.resize(3);
    rhs[0] = B;
    rhs[1] = A;
    rhs[2] = C;

    mapping.resize(3);
    mapping[0] = 1;  // lhs[0] matches rhs[1]
    mapping[1] = 0;  // lhs[1] matches rhs[0]
    mapping[2] = 2;  // lhs[2] matches rhs[2]

    samples.push_back(make_pair(lhs,rhs));
    labels.push_back(mapping);

    // ------------------------

    lhs[0] = C;
    lhs[1] = A;
    lhs[2] = B;

    rhs[0] = A;
    rhs[1] = B;
    rhs[2] = D;

    mapping[0] = -1;  // The -1 indicates that lhs[0] doesn't match anything in rhs.
    mapping[1] = 0;   // lhs[1] matches rhs[0]
    mapping[2] = 1;   // lhs[2] matches rhs[1]

    samples.push_back(make_pair(lhs,rhs));
    labels.push_back(mapping);

    // ------------------------

    lhs[0] = A;
    lhs[1] = B;
    lhs[2] = C;

    rhs.resize(4);
    rhs[0] = C;
    rhs[1] = B;
    rhs[2] = A;
    rhs[3] = D;

    mapping[0] = 2;
    mapping[1] = 1;
    mapping[2] = 0;

    samples.push_back(make_pair(lhs,rhs));
    labels.push_back(mapping);

    // ------------------------

    lhs.resize(2);
    lhs[0] = B;
    lhs[1] = C;

    rhs.resize(3);
    rhs[0] = C;
    rhs[1] = A;
    rhs[2] = D;

    mapping.resize(2);
    mapping[0] = -1;
    mapping[1] = 0;

    samples.push_back(make_pair(lhs,rhs));
    labels.push_back(mapping);

    // ------------------------

    lhs.resize(3);
    lhs[0] = D;
    lhs[1] = B;
    lhs[2] = C;

    // rhs will be empty.  So none of the items in lhs can match anything.
    rhs.resize(0);

    mapping.resize(3);
    mapping[0] = -1;
    mapping[1] = -1;
    mapping[2] = -1;

    samples.push_back(make_pair(lhs,rhs));
    labels.push_back(mapping);

}


1 in 8 southwestern Wisconsinites struggle with real hunger every day: that means more than watering down a meal to stretch another day, it means crumpling up paper to put inside a child's brown bag to avoid embarrassment at school. The Second Harvest Food Bank of Southern Wisconsin's mission is to end hunger through community partnerships and has succeeded in putting more than 100 million meals on the tables of Madison-area families by coordinating the work of volunteers and donors together with hundreds of local hunger-relief charities. To assist in that mission, Second Harvest Madison hired NMC to redesign and build a modern, mobile-responsive website that integrated Blackbaud software for donations and Google Calendar for events.
The old website wasn't getting it done by a few different metrics. First, Second Harvest Madison has a ton of great content: articles, updates, impact data, and newsletters to name a few. But the old design didn't take advantage of this and food banks staff needed a better way to show all of it off in an attractive way. The all-new redesign not only makes bold use of their photography assets but is now more consistently aligned with the national Feeding America brand.
Second, food banks know that the population who take advantage of their services are much more likely to have access to a mobile device rather than a home computer: that's why it was essential that the website made it easy to donate, learn about programs, or find food while browsing on a phone. The new website was designed from the ground up to be fast and easy to use on a mobile device, including the general donation form powered by Blackbaud, which presents a different and simpler form to streamling the giving process.
Configuring the Blackbaud donation form for a superb mobile experience was especially challenging. Online forms in general are tricky but knowing that a visitor is trying to enter a lot of detailed (and sensitive) information from a handheld device meant re-working entire parts of flow. The foremost goal was to be easy to use on mobile devices not just for families looking for food services but for supporters wanting to make a donation as easily as sitting at a desk.
To that end, NMC created a new donation template in Blackbaud that targets different devices. Desktop users see a version of the form with more robust giving options (like allowing users to select how many meals they want to donate) while mobile users see a stripped-down version of the same form. The mobile version not only looks great but works great in that it drives potential donators quickly through the donation process by removing non-essential options.
Second Harvest Madison runs a lot of programs and promotions — such as partnering with the local NBC affiliate — but the old content management software didn't lend itself well to organizing or displaying those well. The staff needed to be able to make changes easily ranging from small text edits to updating news to custom sign-up forms to building out whole new sections. NMC build the new Second Harvest site on the HiFi CMS and now they have all the flexibility and publishing power they need.
HiFi lets admins manage their Featured and Ongoing Events schedules easily which is useful, for example, in order to let visitors know that every Thursday the local Subway sandwhich shop will donate a portion of its profits to the Food Bank or when the mobile pantry will be in their neighborhood. Internally, the client uses Google Calendar and because its pulled into HiFi automatically, and can read and write from the CMS, the result is that food bank staff don't have to keep track of events in more than one place. Easier management means more accurate data and a better user experience.
But designing the navigation to accommodate this much content was a challenge. It was important to Second Harvest that we employ a horizontal menu for the primary and secondary navigation. Typically, secondary navigation is accessible via dropdown menus when you hover with a mouse but our goal was to maintain the same horizontal layout. But some pages require a third level of navigation, such as the giving options under the 'Give Funds' page. To solve the layout problem, we implemented a right-side navigation schema that complements the design well and gives food bank staff the flexibility to add and remove pages as necessary.
More than anything, the work of a Food Bank is to connect hungry families with local resources. The Second Harvest Food Bank of Madison knows that to accomplish that goal, it was necessary to use the web effectively to empower and mobilize the volunteer effort. The new Second Harvest Madison site makes it much simpler and easier to give time, money, and food or to participate in events and become a sponsor. That means more hungry families find the help they need.


text:
L'attaque sur Aruba était une attaque contre les installations pétrolières et les pétroliers par les sous-marins de l'Axe pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Le 16 février 1942, un sous-marin allemand attaqua la petite île d'Aruba. D'autres sous-marins patrouillaient la zone et ils coulèrent ou endommagèrent des pétroliers. Aruba abritait deux des plus grandes raffineries de pétrole au monde pendant la guerre contre les puissances de l'Axe, l'Arend Petroleum Maatschappij, situé près du port d'Oranjestad et la Lago Oil and Transport Company située au port de San Nicolas. L'attaque entraîna la perturbation de la production de carburant, essentiel pour les Alliés.

Contexte

L'île néerlandaise d'Aruba avait deux grandes installations pétrolières. La production de carburant d'aviation avait été augmenté pour fournir les besoins britanniques avant l'entrée américaine dans la guerre. C'était la plus grande raffinerie de ce type dans le monde et une cible stratégique.

Au début de 1942, plusieurs sous-marins de l'Axe patrouillaient le sud des Caraïbes, avec l'objectif d'attaquer les convois alliés et de perturber les opérations pétrolières. L'U-156, un sous-marin à long rayon d'action, entra, le 13 février, dans les eaux au large du sud-ouest d'Aruba. Il était sous le commandement du capitaine de frégate Werner Hartenstein qui voulait faire une reconnaissance de la zone avant d'attaquer les réservoirs de pétrole de la société Lago près d'Oranjestad. Hartenstein commandait le Neuland Gruppe, une meute de cinq sous-marins allemands et deux italiens.

Auparavant, le commandant avait coordonné une attaque sur des cibles pétrolières entre Aruba et Maracaibo afin de perturber la production de carburant d'aviation. L'U-156 fut affecté à l'attaque des raffineries, tandis que les six autres sous-marins attaquaient les navires marchands rencontrés. Ces autres sous-marins étaient l'U-502, l'U-67, l'U-129 et l'U-161 et deux sous-marins italiens. Ils patrouillèrent le golfe du Venezuela, au sud-ouest d'Aruba, et d'autres eaux avoisinantes à la recherche de pétroliers.

L'attaque
Le 16 février, après avoir observé la région pendant quelques jours, l'U-156 s'approcha des raffineries. En face de sa cible se trouvaient deux steamers de la société Lago, le SS Pedernales et le SS Oranjestad, les deux pétroliers britanniques. À 01h31, l'U-156 fit surface à  au large du port de San Nicolas et attaqua les deux pétroliers britanniques à l'ancre. Hartenstein ordonna le tir d'une torpille de ses tubes contre le Pedernales. L'attaque à la torpille fut un succès et frappa le milieu du navire. Chargé de pétrole brut, le navire prit immédiatement feu, tuant huit de ses 26 membres d'équipage et en blessant son capitaine Herbert McCall. L'Oranjestad commença alors à lever l'ancre et à s'éloigner mais il était trop tard et fut frappé par une seconde torpille tirée par l'U-156. Il prit aussi feu et une heure plus tard, coula par 70 m de fond. Quinze de ses 22 membres d'équipage furent tués. À ce moment, plusieurs marins hollandais se rendirent à leur petite embarcation de patrouille en bois afin de les sortir du pétrole en feu des pétroliers.

À 03h13, l'U-156 attaqua le pétrolier SS Arkansas appartenant à la Texaco qui était amarré à la plage de l'aigle à côté de la raffinerie Arend/Eagle. Seulement une des torpilles frappa l'Arkansas et le coula partiellement (les dommages étaient modérés). L'attaque ne fit aucune victime. Le commandant Hartenstein se dirigea alors autour de Aruba et dirigea ses hommes aux canons de pont et se prépara pour un bombardement naval du grand réservoir de pétrole en vue. Les servants du canon de  oublièrent d'enlever le bouchon à l'extrémité du canon, et quand Hartenstein leur ordonna de tirer, le canon explosa au visage des deux artilleurs. L'officier d'artillerie Dietrich von dem Borne fut gravement blessé, il fut amputé d'un pied. Son camarade, le tireur Heinrich Bussinger fut grièvement blessé et mourut plusieurs heures après l'attaque. Hartenstein ordonna aux canons de DCA de  de continuer l'attaque.

Seize obus de DCA de  furent tirés, mais seulement deux coups au but furent répertoriés par les Alliés: une brèche dans un réservoir de stockage de pétrole et un trou dans une maison. Dégoûté, Hartenstein ordonna un cessez-le-feu, et mit le cap vers l'autre extrémité de l'île. En route, l'U-156 fut repéré et attaqué par un avion de patrouille maritime  de la Force de défense des Antilles néerlandaises qui avait décollé d'Oranjestad, à Aruba à 05h55. Il lâcha un certain nombre de bombes anti-sous-marines improvisées de  () sans succès. Le U-Boot continua vers le port d'Oranjestad et à 09h43 heures torpilla l'Arkansas se trouvant sur le quai de la raffinerie Eagle, après l'avoir raté avec deux torpilles.

Pendant ce temps, les six autres bâtiments de l'Axe patrouillaient le secteur à la recherche des pétroliers. L'U-502, sous le commandement du lieutenant-commandant , établit le contact avec au moins trois navires alliés ce jour-là dans le golfe du Venezuela, deux pétroliers britanniques, le SS Tia Juana et le SS San Nicolas. Ils furent coulés avec le vapeur vénézuélien Monagas. L'U-67, sous le commandement du Kapitän zur See Günther Müller-Stöckheim, attaqua deux pétroliers supplémentaires au large de Curaçao ce matin-là. Stockheim tira quatre torpilles de ses tubes avant contre les pétroliers au port de Willemstad. Tous les quatre ne parvinrent pas à trouver leurs cibles ou n'explosèrent pas. Stockheim essaya de nouveau et tira deux nouvelles torpilles de ses tubes arrières contre le néerlandais Rafaela; une toucha et endommagea fortement le navire. L'U-67 retraita, ignorant qu'un bombardier léger A-20 Havoc de l'United States Army Air Corps était à sa poursuite. L'avion lâcha sa charge utile de fusées éclairantes et d'explosifs sur le sous marin en surface mais les bombes manquèrent leur but et l'U-67 plongea et s'enfuit. Les flammes provenant de la combustion des navires autour Aruba étaient tellement grandes qu'elles pouvaient être facilement vues de Curaçao.

Les quatre autres sous-marins ne réussirent apparemment pas à engager de navires alliés ce matin-là. Les patrouilleurs néerlandais n'eurent pas plus de succès.

Conséquences

Après l'attaque, les forces de l'Axe mirent le cap sur la Martinique, où ils débarquèrent leurs deux blessés pour un traitement médical. Quatre navires alliés avaient été coulés représentant . Le Pedernales, l'Arkansas et le Rafaela survécurent l'attaque; et bien qu'endommagés ou coulés, ils furent réparés et remit en service pour transporter de marchandises pour l'effort de guerre des Alliés. Au cours de l'attaque du U-156 contre l'Arkansas, l'une des torpilles manqua sa cible et s'échoua sans exploser sur la plage "Arend"/"Eagle". Le 17 février, quatre Marines néerlandais furent tués quand elle explosa alors qu'ils l'examinaient. Au moins 47 marins de la marine marchande alliés furent tués, et plusieurs autres furent blessées.

Le journaliste Herbert White de l'Associated Press américaine était sur l'île lors de l'attaque le long pour une inspection avec le lieutenant-général Frank Andrews. Les deux hommes assistèrent à l'attaque. L'armée américaine, avec l'approbation du gouvernement néerlandais, venait juste d'envoyer une grande force d'occupation pour garder les îles et les raffineries de pétrole contre les attaques de l'Axe et il s'avéra dès lors que c'était nécessaire bien qu'Aruba ne fut plus jamais bombardé de nouveau pendant la guerre.

Voir aussi
 Bombardement d'Ellwood
 Théâtre américain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale
 Opération Neuland

Références

Bibliographie
 .
 Shells at Aruba, Time Magazine, February 23, 1942, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,884455,00.html, retrieved 7/11/2010
 Pedernales, The Phoenix of Aruba

Aruba
Bataille navale impliquant les Pays-Bas
Bataille de 1942
Février 1942
Bataille navale impliquant les États-Unis
Bataille navale impliquant l'Allemagne
Bataille navale impliquant l'Italie
Bataille de la Seconde Guerre mondiale impliquant les États-Unis


text:
Miryana Moteva
Pianist Miryana Moteva's recent performances include solo and collaborative recitals at the Schubert Club Courtroom Concert Series, at University of Minnesota's Balkanicus New Music Series, and at the Minnesota Dance Theatre's Strawberry Festival. Over the past four years, she has served as a Collaborative and Applied Piano Teaching Assistant at the University of Minnesota, and as an Accompanying Fellow at Lawrence University in Wisconsin. Ms. Moteva holds Bachelor and Master of Music degrees in Piano Performance from University of Minnesota. She is a native of Bulgaria and holds an Honors Performer Diploma from the National School of Music in Bulgaria. Her principle teachers include Lydia Artymiw and Emma Tahmizian. In addition to performing, Ms. Moteva maintains a private piano studio in the Twin Cities.
Miryana joined Really Spicy Opera in its 2014-2015 season as the collaborative pianist for The Frat Party. She returns for the 2015-2016 season as the Assistant Music Director of The Clever Artifice of Harriet and Margaret.


text:
F.M.A. is 40 years old
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Khaleda Mohammad Ahmed Al-Aabahi 52 years old
Her son says :( My mother went to receive a transfer that I sent ,15000 Yemeni Riyals, at 6:00 pm on 11/5/2018. She was accompanied by her grandson, where she intended to go to the doctor after receiving the money. My brother called her at 8:00 pm; and she said she was on the way home. An hour passed and my brother tried to call her, but her phone was called off. In the middle of night, someone called my brother from my mother's phone asked him to come to
Abductees Mothers Association publishes testaments of who have been victims of abduction and forced disappearance by Houthi armed group
On their international day, women in Yemen are repeatedly subjected to various violations, mainly abduction, arbitrary arrest, and forced disappearance for as long as two years. Abductees' Mothers Association has documented 157 cases where women have been victims of abduction and forced disappearance. Women are abducted by Houthi armed group for many unlawful and illogical reasons such as; peacefully protesting for better living conditions, political
Sanaa..abductees mothers condemn ignoring their pleas and demand the release of ill abductees
Abductees' Mothers Association condemned ignoring mothers' calls and pleas, by Yemeni parties in Amman, to release ill abductees who had been illegally detained and disappeared for five years at Houthi prisons. The condemnation was announced this morning at a protesting rally by OHCHR's building in Sana'a, calling upon the UN and peace-fostering countries to create the necessary pressure to release ill abductees. The demands were made after
Abductees mothers in Al-Hudaydah; 85 abductees at Hunaish Prison face unknown fate
Abductees' Mothers Association in Al-Hudaydah held, this afternoon, a protesting rally demanding the uncover the fate of 85 abductees and forcibly disappeared persons who had been detained at Hunaish Prison, Central Security Prison, Al-Hudaydah. In the rally statement, mothers expressed their worries and fears for the unknown fate their sons are facing as mothers had no clue how their sons are surviving in prison since visits are prohibited. The statement
AbAbductees mothers in Ibb demand the uncover of their sons fate at Houthi prisons
Abductees' Mothers Association held, today morning, a protesting rally in Ibb where mothers demanded to uncover the fate of their sons who had been forcibly disappeared for five years. In the rally statement, mothers said that there were 198 whose fate and health conditions were unknown, calling upon government officials and human rights organizations to pay the necessary attention to their sons' issue and affirming that mothers of abductees and forcibly
Abductees Mothers Association awarded by Social Affairs Office in Marib
During the first civil society organizations awarding ceremony, Abductees' Mothers Association was awarded by Social Affair Office in Marib for their hard work towards the freedom of abductees and forcibly disappeared persons all over the country, as well as the efforts made to make the issue a public matter both national and internationally. The association representative was awarded in a ceremony attended by more than thirty organizations and many public
Sanaa; abductees mothers use medicine bottles to send message to meeting representatives in Amman
Mothers of abductees and forcibly disappeared persons held a protesting rally, this morning, by the office of UN Special Envoy to Yemen to demand the meeting committees to include all abductees and forcibly disappeared persons in swap lists. In the rally statement, the association said that 24 abducted civilians had died, since signing Stockholm Agreement, due to torture and health care negligence, and 134 others had been killed by Arab Coalition air force
Abductees Mothers in Taiz: sons subjected to brutal torture at Alsaleh Prison while 156 still detained there
Abductees' Mothers Association in Taiz stated that dozens of their sons had been subjected to various types of brutal torture, physically and psychologically at Alsaleh Prison at Alhawban area by Houthi armed group during a protesting rally held this morning by the governorate's administration building.In the rally statement, the association said that many former abductees had been interviewed by the association and talked about the different types of
Mothers of abducted and forcibly disappeared victims in Aden demand coalition to carry out their promise to uncover the fate of the disappeared
Abductees' Mothers Association in Aden held, today morning, a protesting rally by Arab Coalition headquarters to demand the coalition to carry out their promises to immediately uncover the fate of their forcibly disappeared sons and to process their cases.Mothers and wives held up pictures of their sons and husbands who had been illegally disappeared for four years. They, also, held up banners demanding human rights organizations to stand by their cause until
Abductees mothers in Aden demand coalition to uncover their sons fate
Abductees' Mothers Association in Aden organized today a protesting rally by the Arab Coalition headquarters to demand uncovering the fate of forced disappeared persons. During the rally, mothers were allowed to meet coalition officer in charge in Aden, colonel Abu Sultan, who collected a list of disappeared persons' names, discussed mothers' demands, and promised to further investigate forced disappearances and take the necessary actions to bring the
Abductees Mothers Association in Aden calls upon IRC to urgently save abductees at Beer Ahmed Prison
In this morning rally by the International Red Cross office in Aden, Abductees' Mothers Association called upon the IRC to immediately take actions to save the abductees held at Be'er Ahmed Prison. In its statement, the association confirmed that 57 abductees at Be'er Ahmed Prison are at the risk of catching contagious diseases as systematic healthcare negilegance continues.Mothers said that abductees held at Be'er Ahmed Prison had continued their
Abductees mothers and children hope for freedom and peace in 2020
Abductees' mothers and children held a rally, today morning, by OHCHR in Sana'a. Mothers and children held banners hoping for and looking forward to peace in freedom in 2020, where all abductees and arbitrary detainees would be hopefully free all over the country, and all the suffering would be stopped.Writing "Release daddy", "I miss my father", and "Love you, dad", children expressed their great longing to their fathers who
Ibb; Abductees Mothers Demand Their Sons Release Before New Year
Abductees' Mothers Association in Ibb stated that there were 198 abductees who had been subjected to physical and psychological torture, and healthcare negligence, and prevented from taking their medications by Houthi armed group.The statement was issued during a rally held this morning by Abductees' Mothers Association in Ibb. The rally itself was organized to protest against and condemn the horrible healthcare conditions the abductees had been suffering
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text:
Ottery Creek is a stream in Iron and Reynolds counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary to the Middle Fork Black River.

The headwaters arise in Iron County at  and the confluence with Middle Fork in Reynolds County is at . The source area is just south of Johnson Mountain and the stream flows south-southwest passing under Missouri Route 32 and parallels Missouri Route A through Bell Mountain Wilderness to pass under Missouri Route 49 south of Edgehill and join the Middle Fork.

Ottery Creek derives its name from John Autrey, a pioneer citizen.

See also
List of rivers of Missouri

References

Rivers of Iron County, Missouri
Rivers of Reynolds County, Missouri
Rivers of Missouri


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text:
Guangzhou Evergrande Club Is More Valuable Than Real Madrid, Barcelona
Owners of Guangzhou Evergrande
Today's breaking news has shocked the whole football world as the Chinese football club, Guangzhou Evergrande are more valuable than any other football club including La Liga giants Real Madrid and Barcelona. In short words, Guangzhou Evergrande is currently the richest football club. There was a huge transaction per share values that made this club the most valuable in football.
According to China's official press agency Xinhua, "The Evergrande's transaction per share values at 55 yuan [8.5 dollars], selling 36,000 shares for 1.98 million yuan [300,000 dollars] in the club's first trade after being listed on November, 2015 in China's NEEQ"
"In this price, Evergrande's market value amounts to 21.8 billion yuan [3.35 billion dollars] in a total of 396.73 million shares."
Forbes list of 2015 richest football clubs listed Real Madrid as the richest football club with total market value of $3.26 billion, but the American magazine need to change the name of richest football club this year.
According to the New York stock Exchange, it even got the better of the Premier League club Manchester United, whose New York-listed stock closed at $14.32 on Tuesday for a market capitalization of $2.35 million.
Evergrande Real Estate [60% shares] and Alibaba Group [40% shares] are the joint owners of this Chinese football club. Evergrande Real Estate is China's second largest property developer by sales and Alibaba Group is the leading e‑commerce company of China.
The club is currently being managed by Luiz Felipe Scolari who also managed Brazil national football team twice during the period of 2001-02 and 2012–14.
Guangzhou Evergrande is the first ever Chinese football club to participate in the FIFA Club World Cup, making its first appearance in 2013. It also qualified for FIFA Club World Cup 2015, but got eliminated by the current champions Barcelona in semi finals by 3–0.
Tags Barcelona Guangzhou Evergrande Interesting News Real Madrid Richest Football Clubs
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