This game just needs a few things sorted out and it will be great. Just finished my first 15 years, playing as Greece.
1. Managing to capture two Ottoman HQs they slowly regenerated back to full stretgh. I was fielding an Ottoman Army Corps in my Greek Army. For some reason this didnt happen in the second war with the Turks. Same thing happened with the Spanish in the Cuban war scenario. I captured a USA Army HQ and voila!
2. All this Austrian puppet states white peace the Serbs and Moldavians and then declare war again in support of Austria.
3. Austria and Russia seem to drag their small wars for ever. I am guessing Austria is occupying Belgrade for ever to get prestige points, instead of annexing the country, correct? Same with Russia and Sweden.
4. Cyprus, despite having a 90%(or something) ethnic Greek population has a 5% Loyalty towards Greece, 20% towards the Ottomans, 25% towards rebels and 50% towards Cyprus. 50% of the Cypriots wanting an independent Cyprus is a percentage that Cypriot politicians would dream about today, but not in 1850s. And whats the rebel Loyalty? Same thing in Krete. There are no decisions(with Greece at least) to influence the Loyalty of a province.
5. The Austrian Juggernaught declared war on me, their only casus belli being my temporary occupation of Salonika in a war against the Turks. Peacing out with the Turks to face that new threat, control of Salonika returned to the Ottoman Empire. Yet the war with the Austrians remained.
6. How does this thing with Generals work exactly? Both the starting Greek generals retire in 1865, in the middle of my war for survival with the Austrians, and nobody replaces them. I checked the data files, and there are generals that are supposed to come in 1860!. Could it be that they had been both promoted to Fieldmarshals before they retired that fucked the sequence up? Btw their original retirement dates were 1860 and 1863, dunno why they stick around untill 1865.
I would also like to know how exactly the events concerning Generals work as I sometimes don't understand why some generals simply don't appear when they should (according to their Model's file), while others stay for longer than they are supposed to. I'd love to know where such files are, so that I could work around them myself.
Same thing with generals playing as Brazil Austro-Hungary or Prussia.
All countries have generally too few generals and all of them are scripted in model files.
So new ones will appear only when set that by designers or player (modding files).
I wish there would be auto script like in HOI4 that just pops up generals out of their Academies (we have Academies on map!) after each year when they graduate. Instead Academies only give prestige points and officers.
I hope devs will think about including such an random generals generator in engine (tip: HOI4 with random national names). Could be set in options: play with random generals or only with scripted (historical) ones.
Palaiologos wrote: 5. The Austrian Juggernaught declared war on me, their only casus belli being my temporary occupation of Salonika in a war against the Turks. Peacing out with the Turks to face that new threat, control of Salonika returned to the Ottoman Empire. Yet the war with the Austrians remained.
Another issue worth mentioning. Why there is only 5 points of warscore points acquired by winner every turn even if enemy country has no army, territory and allies? It takes months to take single province!
Example: Austria-Hungary vs. Parma (1 province country) or Brazil vs. Uruguay.
Uruguay had army (more than they can handle with 1 level city), lost it and has no chance of recovering. Yet their no man provinces are worth 26 points each (2,5 month of war still lasting).
PS: I used old topic, as subject is similar. So why create a new one?
Dont see any patches coming out anytime soon. SAD! The game's economic model was much better than Victoria II and its military/supply system was outstanding. Its diplomatic aspect was horrible though.
I am sure you all realize that playing as Greece or Brazil is not a part of the core design of the game. The game is a marvel in that you can play these minor powers and have a decent time doing so. The eight original and now ten base nations play with issues like generals and such quite smoothly, that is, they are not a problem.
Yes, when comparing to Vicky 2 and such, this is the superior game. I wonder at the concern about diplomacy as the diplomacy in PON is much superior to the Vicky games. This shows especially in multiplayer games, but even in solo games it is complex.
I am not a master of PON, but still very much a novice in that I can cause and economic crisis or an interior rebellion without knowing how I mangage to do so, but the simply complexities of this game keep me engaged.


Adding a deck on to your home is one of the easiest ways to increase your living space and enhance your yard usability. Decks provide you with a beautiful outdoor space that can be used for family gatherings, social events, or enjoying a nice summer day. Moreover, building a deck will not only improve the visual appeal of your property, but will also increase the value of your home. There are many different materials to construct your deck out of, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Popular styles include wood, metal, plastic, pvc vinyl, and other non wood deck materials. Wood tends to be the most sought after material for deck construction because of the natural beauty and durability it adds to the structure. However, because of the price, many homeowners are looking into wood deck alternative materials.
One of the best alternative decking materials is vinyl lumber. Here you will find the top pvc vinyl decking designs, 2013 reviews and photo galleries of ideas that will help inspire the plans for your outdoor construction. The most popular alternative wood deck flooring ideas include composite lumber and vinyl deck panels. Composite lumber is a type of plastic wood that is made from a combination of natural wood fibers and recycled plastic. This combination of materials creates durable boards that are both weather and slip resistant. Because it is made from wood, it comes in a variety of natural colors including tan, grey, walnut and white composite decking. While the best composite deck ideas are durable and easy to maintain, the downside to using plastic plywood is the cost.
Some of the most popular vinyl decking pictures include tiles that are equally as durable, however, they are much more affordable. Pvc vinyl decking is made of recycled plastic boards that are designed to look like natural wood. This is a cheap deck option that comes in a variety of different colors that resemble natural, stained or painted wood. One of the benefits of using pvc is that you do not need to paint or stain this material. Not only is vinyl less expensive that other composite decking options, but it is maintenance free and does not require restaining or refinishing. One of the many benefits of pvc vinyl decking materials is that it is used to construct not only floor boards, but other deck and patio trimmings as well. Accessories such as pvc railings, balusters, posts and gates are available in any style and color.
Vinyl railings are a popular choice for both decks and patios because they can be mixed and matched with various materials to save money. Many homeowners choose to install pvc deck railings on top of wood flooring so that they can have the natural beauty of wood deck ideas without the high cost of the accessories. Vinyl railings and balusters come in an assortment of designs, including simple square or rounded posts as well as intricately carved patterns. The most popular simple deck design ideas for pvc decking and 2013 style trends, take a look at our online photo gallery with award winning images of decks and patios. Another great pvc vinyl accessory for your deck is a gate. Gates are a great addition to both fences along the property and railings surrounding your deck and provide a decorative and safety feature.


This beautifully presented brick home is located in Central Numurkah and is a wonderful example of a quality home of it's era.
Features include a stunning leadlight decorated entrance foyer, loungeroom and dining room with gas heating and reverse cycle air conditioner, carpets and drapes, spacious kitchen / meals with polished timber benchtops, electric stove, dishwasher, pantry cupboard, polished floorboards, 3 large bedrooms, all built in robes, master with split system air conditioner, bathroom with shower recess, bath, vanity and 2nd toilet, office nook, laundry, back verandah, outside on the spacious block you have a double garage/workshop, carport, trailer shelter and lovely lawns and gardens with an auto sprinkler system.
This is a truly classic home with all the character of it's time but with today's comforts.


At Star Vinyl Tile, we're there to meet all your needs regarding Vinyl Tile in Bluff City, TN. Our workforce of highly trained experts will provide the service you need with the most innovative solutions around. We grantee that you get the most excellent solutions, the right value, and the highest quality products. Call us by dialing 844-284-6619 to learn more.
Star Vinyl Tile targets customer satisfaction to ensure that you will be ultimately pleased with our results. We identify your objectives and task needs, and we are going to strive to make sure you approve of our efforts. We are here to assist with your concerns. We can answer the questions which you wouldn't think about, because we understand what we're doing, so we will be able to predict the needs you have. Our company has the experience and information to assist you to put together the most suitable decisions about your job.
You have a budget to abide by, and you would like to spend less. In the process, you should have the absolute best and highest standard of services when it comes to Vinyl Tile in Bluff City, TN. We are going to be sure that our cash saving efforts don't ever indicate a reduced level of quality work. If you work with us, you'll have access to the benefit of our valuable experience and high standard materials to be sure that the project will last while saving time and cash. As an example, we take care to prevent pricey complications, work fast to conserve time, and make sure you have the most effective deals on products and labor. If you need to spend less money, Star Vinyl Tile is the company to get in touch with. Contact 844-284-6619 to communicate with our customer support agents, now.
Vinyl Tile are available in Bluff City, TN.
With regards to Vinyl Tile in Bluff City, TN, you have to be knowledgeable to make the very best decisions. You don't want to go in without consideration, and it's good to be aware of what to prepare for. That's the reason we make every effort to be sure that you comprehend the plan and aren't faced with any kind of unexpected surprises. Start by talking over your project with our client service staff once you dial 844-284-6619. During this call, you'll get all your questions addressed, and we are going to set up a time to start services. We consistently get there at the arranged time, all set to work closely with you.
There are plenty of reasons to choose Star Vinyl Tile regarding Vinyl Tile in Bluff City, TN. We are the best option whenever you need the most efficient cash saving options, the best supplies, and the greatest rate of customer satisfaction. We're here to serve you with the most practical knowledge and expertise in the industry. Call 844-284-6619 to communicate with Star Vinyl Tile and review all your expectations regarding Vinyl Tile in Bluff City.


text:
Pennsylvania Weekend Getaways: Sleepy Hollow Bed & Breakfast
© Sleepy Hollow Bed & Breakfast
Sleepy Hollow Bed & Breakfast is a charming Cape Cod-style bed and breakfast in Pennsylvania that offers comfortable accommodations and a home-away-from-home ambiance in beautiful surroundings. Open year-round and set on six acres of beautiful grounds, Sleepy Hollow Bed & Breakfast features seven well-appointed and quaintly decorated guestrooms and suites with country-style décor, private bathrooms, cozy fireplaces, and modern amenities.
Guests enjoy a complimentary breakfast every morning in the dining room or out on the patio in warmer weather, and the front porch of the house with its rocking chairs makes for a perfect spot to relax and take in the views. Located a mile from downtown Elysburg and a short drive from the Knoebels Amusement Park, the bed and breakfast inn is an ideal base for exploring the area or enjoying a quiet weekend getaway.
More ideas: Best Weekend Getaways, Best Day Trips
Guest Accommodations
Sleepy Hollow Bed & Breakfast features seven well-appointed and comfortably decorated guest rooms and suites with country-style décor and furnishings, and king or queen-size pillowtop beds dressed in luxurious linens and plush pillows. Lodgings also have private en-suite bathrooms with shower/bath combinations or whirlpool tubs for two and separate showers, sitting areas with comfy armchairs, gas fireplaces, and modern amenities such as flat-screen televisions with cable channels, air-conditioning, fridges, microwaves, and complimentary wireless Internet.
The Nest Suite features a queen-size pillow-top bed dressed in luxurious linens and plush pillows, and an en-suite bathroom with a whirlpool tub for two and separate shower, thick towels and branded bath products. A cozy sitting area has a gas fireplace, flat-screen television with cable channels, air-conditioning, fridge, microwave, and complimentary wireless Internet.
The Americana Room is a two-floor room with separate sleeping and living areas. The upper floor has a bedroom loft with a queen-size pillow-top bed dressed in luxurious linens and plush pillows, while the lower level features a living room with comfortable seating and modern amenities, along with a bathroom with a whirlpool tub for two and separate shower, thick towels and branded bath products. The room has a private entrance and deck with table and chairs and lovely garden views.
The Bird House is located on the first level of the Inn and features a queen-size pillow-top bed dressed in luxurious linens and plush pillows, and an en-suite bathroom with a whirlpool tub for two and separate shower, thick towels and branded bath products. A sitting area has a futon for additional guests, along with a flat-screen television with cable channels, air-conditioning, fridge, microwave, and complimentary wireless Internet.
The Roost boasts a private entrance and outdoor sitting area with charming views, along with a queen-size pillow-top bed dressed in luxurious linens and plush pillows, and an en-suite bathroom with a whirlpool tub for two and separate shower, thick towels and branded bath products. A sitting area has a sleeper sofa for two children, along with a flat-screen television with cable channels, air-conditioning, fridge, microwave, and complimentary wireless Internet.
Located on the second level of the Inn, the Butterfly Room offers a queen-size pillow-top bed dressed in luxurious linens and plush pillows, and an en-suite bathroom with a whirlpool tub for two and separate shower, thick towels and branded bath products. A sitting area has a futon for additional guests, along with a flat-screen television with cable channels, air-conditioning, fridge, microwave, and complimentary wireless Internet, and this room enjoys a shared balcony with lovely garden views.
The Mallard Room has a private entrance on the ground floor and features a queen-size pillow-top bed dressed in luxurious linens and plush pillows, and an en-suite bathroom with a whirlpool tub for two and separate shower, thick towels and branded bath products. There is also an outdoor seating area for relaxing.
The Hummingbird Room is located on the second level and offers a queen-size pillow-top bed dressed in luxurious linens and plush pillows, and an en-suite bathroom with a whirlpool tub for two and separate shower, thick towels and branded bath products. Modern amenities include a flat-screen television with cable channels, air-conditioning, fridge, microwave, and complimentary wireless Internet.
A hearty, gourmet breakfast is served every morning in the dining room or on the patio and includes freshly baked bread and pastries, seasonal fruit, cereals and yogurt, a variety of signature dishes, and freshly brewed coffee, tea, and juices.
Amenities and Recreation
Amenities at the Sleepy Hollow Bed & Breakfast include a gourmet breakfast is served every morning and outdoor areas such as the front porch and patio with tables and chairs where guests can relax and soak up the tranquil ambiance of the gardens.
The town of Elysburg has several exciting attractions and activities, including the Caboose Lodge and Catawissa Railroad Museum, the Coal Bowl Bowling Center, several historic covered bridges, and the Knoebels Amusement Park.
Sleepy Hollow Rd, Elysburg, PA 17824, Phone: 570-672-2828
More Weekend getaways from Philadelphia
Best Ideas in Your Inbox
18 Most Beautiful Resort Spa Baths and Pools
Romantic Getaways in PA: Cullari Vineyards and Winery in Hershey, Pennsylvania
Romantic Getaways in Pennsylvania: King's Cottage Bed and Breakfast
15 Best Things to Do in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania
25 Best Things to Do in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
25 Best Pennsylvania Flea Markets
25 Best Things to Do in Pennsylvania
12 Best Pennsylvania Train Trips
10 of the Most Beautiful Mountains in Pennsylvania

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


"Mother and daughter looking at clothing" is a stock image by MintImages. It's available in the following resolutions: 1600 x 1067px, 2600 x 1733px, 5221 x 3481px. The minimum price for an image is 49$. Image in the highest quality is 5221 x 3481px, 300 dpi, and costs 449$.


Use this fun and festive retro style box to organize your papers or store your magazines.
Sand the surface to smooth any rough edges or areas. Using the ¾" brush apply two smooth even coats of Coral to the outside of the magazine holder.
Using the ruler and pencil measure and mark off the diagonal 2" grid pattern all around the magazine holder starting in the back. As you work around to the front only go in approximately 5 ¼" from each side. Tape off center area.
Using the photo for reference stencil the large daisy in Butter Cream and the smaller one in Moss Green using the Paint & Toss Sponges. Remember stenciling requires very little paint. Overloading the sponge will cause the paint to seep under the edges of the stencil. Dab the sponge into the paint, tap excess off on the palette and then pounce over the open areas of the stencil. The paint should be dry almost immediately if not you are using too much paint.
Using the pouncers dot in the center of the flowers Burnt Sienna for the large daisy and Wedgewood Green for the small daisy.


Jared Nelson, California Ballet Company's new associate artistic director, has tasked six members of his dance staff to create choreographic works for "Beer and Ballet," a show staged at Park6 in Bankers Hill this weekend.
It's an event that allows the audience to mingle with the company and witness its original dance ideas in a relaxed setting. In fact, the approach has been known to attract capacity crowds in other cities, including Sacramento, Salt Lake City and Indianapolis.
The show was presented for the first time in San Diego last year at the California Ballet headquarters.
And like last year, the first beer is on the house.
Trying something new is not as simple as it sounds in a classical ballet setting, where dancers are expected to master difficult technique and adapt to a strict discipline.
Creating original choreography - work that allows for one's own choice of music and approach - opens the door for great talent.
Consider former California Ballet student Justin Peck, for example, who went on to become New York City Ballet's resident choreographer, where his movement style earned complimentary profiles last year in The New Yorker and Vanity Fair.
"Beer and Ballet" events across the country give audiences an opportunity to see fresh and original versions of traditional ballet mixed with a range of dance styles.
Nelson's original ballet "Ruled by Secrecy," for instance, is a sensual pas de deux danced to music by the English rock band Muse.
"You can have a ballet that is 50 years old, and every dancer after that is made to look like the original," Nelson says.
Like composers, choreographers consider orchestration and create movement that tells a story, ideally one that is both personal and relatable.
Some dancers will perform en pointe; others wear contemporary attire.
Tickets: $25-$40. One free alcoholic beverage for guests 21 or older provided with each ticket purchase.
Merrick's dance, for instance, suggests all the physical things we do to enchant those we hope to attract. He has titled his work "Spellbound" and will use Fleetwood Mac songs and jazz music that's reminiscent of a New Orleans vibe.
"I'm exploring the idea of using something mystical and magic to deal with something basic, like the way we fall in love or fall in like or try to deal with people we see on a daily basis," Merrick muses.
This year, a new venue has been chosen to present the production.
The building where Park6 is located was once a church, now transformed to include a bar, a stage and professional lighting rather than the harsh fluorescent bulbs of the ballet studio.


text:
Get New Products from Customers
What is the most effective way of creating new products? The process is supposed to center on manufacturers who see a need, develop a product, and market it. However, in many business areas users rather than manufacturers are often the actual developers of successful new products. And manufacturers are acquiring such products despite the conventional […]
Eric von Hippel
From the Magazine (March 1982)
What is the most effective way of creating new products? The process is supposed to center on manufacturers who see a need, develop a product, and market it.
However, in many business areas users rather than manufacturers are often the actual developers of successful new products. And manufacturers are acquiring such products despite the conventional wisdom and a dearth of marketing research strategies to pinpoint the items.
This article begins the task of developing marketing research strategies tailored to finding valuable user-developed products by (1) considering two examples of such methods, (2) exploring conditions under which customers can be a valuable source of new products, and (3) presenting general methods for identifying and acquiring such goods.
Two Approaches
Two widely disparate businesses—one a consumer products company and the other an industrial products company—convey a flavor of two possible approaches for identifying and acquiring user-developed products.
Computer companies recognize that customers develop some software packages that other users would find valuable. Some producers ignore these sources; others set up a relatively passive, and low-profit, software exchange service for customers. A few companies, though, have devised approaches to seek, evaluate, and market user-developed software products—and make money in the process. At IBM, for example, the Installed User Program department (IUP) coordinates the effort of acquiring user-developed programs designed to run on its medium and large computers. The IUP learns of promising programs developed outside the company from either the customers themselves or from IBM field representatives. Potentially worthwhile programs are referred to the relevant IBM division, which applies its own criteria to evaluation. When IBM decides to acquire rights to a particular program, the company negotiates an agreement (usually a one-time, flat-fee payment) with the developer.
The success of the system in IBM's case is clear: approximately one-third of all the software IBM leases for use on large and medium-sized computers is developed by outside users.
Many companies know that consumers develop promising new products but do not know how to find these innovations. The Pillsbury Bake-Off provides an example of how this can be done. Established in 1949, this annual contest publicizes Pillsbury's flour and other bakery products. Entrants develop recipes for specified types of baked goods, each incorporating certain Pillsbury products. Tens of thousands of entries are received and evaluated. Winners receive prizes and have their recipes published.
Although intended primarily as a publicity vehicle, the Bake-Off has brought forward several user-developed products that Pillsbury has commercialized. Pillsbury derived one of its four cake-mix lines and several variations of another directly from the recipes of Bake-Off winners.
When Will Users Innovate?
The role of users in developing new products varies widely according to the business field. For example, users developed 67% of the new process machines used by the semiconductor industry and 80% of the new instruments manufactured by scientific instrument companies. Yet plastics additives are typically not developed by users.1
Under what conditions will customers develop items with commercial potential for manufacturers? Businesses and individuals engage in new-product development when they find it financially attractive. Consumers are no exception; they will develop commercially attractive new goods when their return from using the product is high enough to justify it and they cannot get, or do not want to get, a product manufacturer to develop the item for them. Such conditions are likeliest to occur when two common situations prevail.
First, manufacturers may be aware of a need but consider the market too small or too risky to justify the investment required. If, in these circumstances, users need the product enough to justify developing it themselves, they will do so. Later, when some of these products turn out to serve or build markets that are of commercial interest, manufacturers will get into the act and make the products.
Many commercially successful items have evolved in such a manner. For example, users developed and built most new computers during the 1940s and early 1950s until manufacturers began to realize their commercial potential. Similarly, teenagers built their own customized light vans for years before automakers decided to enter the market.
Second, both the consumer and manufacturer may find a product commercially attractive enough to justify development. An innovating user sometimes hides the need from the manufacturer and secretly generates the item alone—because it is more profitable to have exclusive use than to induce a manufacturer to work on the needed product for sale to the user and competitors. For example, a manufacturer of electronic products will often build the integrated circuits that give its products a competitive edge rather than ask semiconductor manufacturers for design help. Similarly, users of process machinery often develop their important process machines in-house to gain an advantage over competitors.
Identifying Customer-developed Products
Products developed by users obviously represent a bargain to product manufacturers only when the search-plus-acquisition cost is significantly less than they would spend for in-house development and field testing of a product with an equivalent chance for commercial success. Since investigating costs money—a researcher's visit to a consumer's field site costs at least as much as a sales agent's visit—the success of the entire process depends on efficient search. This in turn flows from the thoughtful application of appropriate methods.
An appropriate strategy for identifying commercially promising products must recognize two key characteristics of user-developers. First, a large user population develops relatively few products, of which only a small number will be commercially promising; and, second, user-innovators often have no incentive to take innovations beyond their own companies.
Finding Innovators
Two general strategies can address these obstacles. The first creates incentives that cause users to screen their own items, bringing the most promising to the manufacturer's attention. The second analyzes the self-screening and self-identification behaviors of users.
User Stimulus Strategy
Finding promising user-developed products via this strategy requires three steps:
1. Define the desired product as precisely as possible.
Companies often specify their needs vaguely—and then are critical of users for inappropriate responses. For example, companies seeking user-developed software frequently complain that the software they are offered is poorly documented. But the companies usually fail to specify the level and type of documentation sought. Users should be given criteria by which to screen their ideas, which will result in fewer but more appropriate responses, reducing in-house screening costs.
Do not hesitate to specify precisely and technically what you require. If you need a recipe for a food product with ingredients customarily used by the commercial food processor rather than the home baker, say so. Or if you want a home handyman tool designed to be mass produced entirely out of stamped steel parts—no forgings, please—say so. Not all consumers will understand the specification, but some will. After all, expert computer designers, home economists, and engineers are also consumers.
2. Specify an appropriate reward.
First, and perhaps most important, don't be a piker. If it would cost you $10 million to design a computer in-house, you can well afford to offer perhaps $5 million for an appropriate and complete design from users. Of course, experience will suggest how much you need to offer to stimulate users to provide the product you want. As every gambling authority knows, a million-dollar prize will induce all contenders taken together to spend much more than one million dollars in aggregate to obtain it.
Second, offer your reward in an appropriate form. Cash prizes are often best for individual consumers. Pillsbury, for example, offers cash awards to the winners of its Bake-Off. When companies develop the products, though, designing an appropriate inducement is more complicated. Any offer of payment to a group or individual in the user company is obviously unacceptable. At the same time, any offer of payment to the company as a whole might not motivate the right individuals. Thus, for instance, in a search for commercially promising instruments that researchers at universities and other institutions might develop, Technicon offered the inducement of a research grant.
3. Inform likely innovators only.
Targeting need and reward messages to only the most probable user-innovators offers two types of economy to the manufacturer. It saves advertising expenses as well as in-house screening costs by reducing the number of inappropriate responses.
The notion that users will innovate if and as it pays will aid attempts to identify the categories of users most likely to develop appropriate new products. Thus, a company interested in identifying user-developed mass-production grinding equipment might find it productive to begin the search by identifying categories of user companies for which quality mass-production grinding is essential, such as razor blade and ball-bearing companies. Similarly, IBM would choose its own customers as a likely source of IBM-compatible software.
Note that the companies needing an item most—and thus most likely to develop it—are not necessarily within a vendor's own customer base. Thus, an auto fastener manufacturer might well determine that those users with the greatest need for reliable fasteners are aerospace companies. Further, one can refine the search as a function of particular product attributes. While the auto fastener manufacturer might well look to aerospace companies for more reliable mechanisms, it might more usefully explore toy makers if it is primarily interested in keeping costs down.
User Analysis Strategy
Sometimes a user-innovator is already generating signals that an interested manufacturer can adapt economically to the task of identifying promising user-developed products. In such cases, a user analysis strategy can help meet a need for confidentiality or address a lack of user awareness.
When confidentiality is paramount.
Sometimes a manufacturer does not want to inform others—particularly competitors—of its interest in a user product. Consider, for example, a manufacturer of scientific instruments. It knows that users develop 80% of these instruments and wants to tap into this rich source. At the same time, the company does not want to signal its product plans to competitors.
The manufacturer should know that many users who make promising scientific instruments will quickly report this fact, along with the instrument's application, in scientific articles. Through computerized data bases, the manufacturer can quickly and economically identify all such references.
User analysis can also address very precise needs. Consider the embarrassing problem facing one manufacturer of a complex form of industrial sewing machine. It wished to quietly identify user-developed solutions to a machine failure problem that was painfully common in the field—but which couldn't be replicated and solved in the lab. Company officials therefore chose to approach the problem with a user analysis rather than a user stimulus strategy. The signal was that each machine failure of this type resulted in an order for a certain repair part from the manufacturer. Officials concluded that users who ordered few such parts might have solved the problem. Since the manufacturer had a computerized record of customer orders, it quickly identified and contacted a few such users. And some of these had indeed solved the problem.
Unaware innovators.
Sometimes users with an innovation of potential interest to a manufacturer are simply unaware of what they have done. Consider the case of a midwestern manufacturer of prefabricated housing that wanted to make its housing more energy efficient. Actual energy usage in houses strongly depends on the living patterns of occupants and thus cannot be well simulated in a lab.
Users frequently modify their houses—often for reasons besides energy efficiency—and may create an energy-efficient result without even being aware of it; for example, they may alter room layouts and inadvertently create airlocks that help retain heat in winter.
One signal of a house's energy efficiency is the amount of fuel it takes to heat it in winter. The housing manufacturer could obtain oil bills on the houses sold and thus determine which houses might be worth inspecting for possibly interesting user-developed heat-conserving modifications.
Acquiring Products
Of course, not all user-developed products have sufficient commercial promise to interest a manufacturer. Therefore, candidates should receive the same marketing scrutiny as product prototypes developed in the manufacturer's own laboratories. Using this analysis, the manufacturer may decide that it is best off adopting only some aspects of the user-developed product. Thus, a process machinery manufacturer may want to adopt the operating principles and basic design of a new user-developed machine but will also want to modify some details.
Once a manufacturer decides to commercialize all or part of a user-developed product, the company must acquire the item. Fear of legal problems seems to make many businesses reluctant to solicit and analyze such products, when in fact users frequently welcome the manufacturers' interest. Moreover, even ill-disposed users are often unable to cause significant legal difficulties for manufacturers who deal honorably with them.
Industrial users generally welcome the manufacturers' interest in such products because both parties usually benefit. The customer's gain may come from fees—or simply from having some other company assume the production task. A manufacturer can often provide its customers a cheaper, perhaps better, version of the new product than the one the user was building in-house.
Even if the user originated the product to obtain a competitive advantage, this advantage often fades over time, perhaps because the secret has leaked to competitors or because competitors have independently developed equivalents. The innovating customer can then benefit from helping a commercializer and thereby ensure compatibility of the commercial version with the internally developed product or process rather than with a version developed by a competitor.
The two legal mechanisms that an innovator may be able to call on are patent law and trade secrecy law. Both cover only very limited kinds of innovations and usually offer minimal protection.
Patents.
Patent grants offer innovators the temporary legal right both to control who may use their knowledge and to charge for its use. Patent protection is offered only to explicitly described technical means to achieving a useful end, given that the means is of sufficient novelty and usefulness to be legally deemed an invention.
Thus, patents cannot be used to protect valuable products that do not include a technical aspect deemed sufficiently novel to constitute invention. Patent protection may not apply either to the user-developed product or to the particular aspect of the product that a manufacturer is interested in. Even if it does, and even if the product at issue is patented, both user and manufacturer should be aware that the real-world protection which patents afford is often quite imperfect.
United States patent law places the burden of detecting and prosecuting an infringement on the patentee. The practical benefits of a patent are often only realizable by spending considerable time and money in its defense. Also, patents awarded by the United States Patent System are more often than not found to be not valid, or not infringed, by U.S. courts. Because of these constraints, plus the likelihood that imitators can invent around the particular means protected by the patent, innovators in many fields do not rely very much on patent protection.
Trade secrets.
Users can attempt to protect products they develop from interested imitators by keeping their knowledge secret. Trade secret legislation allows user-developers to keep relevant information entirely secret or to make legally binding contracts with others in which the secret is revealed in exchange for a fee or other consideration and a commitment to keep the information secret. A trade secret possessor may take legal steps to prevent its use by others if they can be shown to have discovered the secret through unfair and dishonest means such as theft or breach of a contract promising secrecy. But if a manufacturer discovers the secret by legal means, the innovator has no recourse.
Manufacturers must know when they are dealing with innovations that might be legally considered trade secrets (for example, even unsolicited suggestions from outsiders can sometimes be seen as trade secrets) and establish an appropriate legal procedure for dealing with them. In general, the best approach is for the manufacturer to clearly establish a strong legal position and make sure user-innovators understand their own legal position as well.
User-developed products exist in categories ranging from consumer goods like egg shampoos to industrial products such as light bulb manufacturing machinery. Manufacturers who deal in categories where users are active need not consider whether they will adopt user-developed products; they usually already have some, albeit unrecognized, in their current product lines. Their real choice is whether to continue to allow the adoption process to proceed haphazardly and inefficiently or whether to recognize and systematize it. Systematizing involves making the difficult admission that some products were developed elsewhere. But companies that persist can profit handsomely by making their—and America's—innovation process more efficient.
1. See my articles "The Dominant Role of Users in the Scientific Instrument Innovation Process," Research Policy, vol. 5, no. 3, July 1976; "The Dominant Role of Users in Semiconductor and Electronic Subassembly Process Innovation," IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, vol. 24, no. 2, May 1977. See also Julian Boyden, A Study of the Innovation Process in the Plastics Additives Industry, unpublished thesis, MIT Sloan School of Management, June 1976.
A version of this article appeared in the March 1982 issue of Harvard Business Review.
Marketing Essentials Course
Accelerate your career with Harvard ManageMentor®. HBR Learning's online leadership training helps you hone your skills with courses like Marketing Essentials. Earn badges to share on LinkedIn and your resume. Access more than 40 courses trusted by Fortune 500 companies.
Learn how to communicate with your customers—strategically.
Read more on Marketing or related topic Design thinking
Eric von Hippel is the T. Wilson (1953) Professor in Management at MIT's Sloan School of Management.


text:
Q: Is Thunderbolt 2 forward-compatible to Thunderbolt 3? I know that Thunderbolt 3 computers are backward-compatible with Thunderbolt 2 devices using an adapter. What I want to know is if the reverse is true - if Thunderbolt 2 computers can connect to devices using the new standard like USB does, albeit with lower speeds. I can't seem to find information around the interwebs regarding this. I'd appreciate if someone would shed some light on this. Thanks in advance.

A: I just found something that sheds some light on my question. On the Apple Thunderbolt 3 to Thunderbolt 2 adapter page they mentioned that the adapter is bidirectional and I quote:

The Thunderbolt 3 (USB-C) to Thunderbolt 2 Adapter lets you connect Thunderbolt and Thunderbolt 2 devices — external hard drives and Thunderbolt displays, for example — to any of the Thunderbolt 3 (USB-C) ports on your MacBook Pro. As a bidirectional adapter, it can also connect new Thunderbolt 3 devices to a Mac with a Thunderbolt or Thunderbolt 2 port.*

This means that the adapter may be used to connect the new MacBook Pro to TB1/2 devices or an older Mac to a TB3 device. This definitely gives me the answer that I seek about forward-compatibility. However, this may come with some caveats.

*

*For one, the page states that forward-compatibility requires macOS Sierra so it may require specific drivers that comes only with the update.

*Compatibility of this adapter with Windows is still unknown at this point (though I never mentioned that in the question anyway)

*Speed will be affected by the slowest connection... though that's expected.

*Other adapters may not support bidirectional connections so it's best to read the spec sheet or ask the manufacturer, if possible.

I will try to get my paws on this adapter and a Thunderbolt 3 device when they arrive in this part of the woods and try them out. I'll then update my answer depending on what I find accordingly.
UPDATE: I found a video on YouTube on how to connect a Thunderbolt 3 capable NAS to a Mac Mini with Thunderbolt 2 and a follow-up video tests the speed of the makeshift connection. This proves that Thunderbolt is forward-compatible, indeed.
There are a few things to note though:

*

*The NAS is powered externally. We don't know if it will work with devices that rely on power from the cable itself.

*No word on Thunderbolt 1 to 3 forward-compatibility but it should work, theoretically.

*He didn't seem to mention the version of the OS in the Mac Mini. Also, still no idea regarding Windows compatibility.

*Will USB-C (non-Thunderbolt 3) devices work? I think it will, but we'll need actual tests to prove it.

I will update this answer further once I get my hands on devices that I can test myself.

A: I bought the Apple Thunderbolt 3 USB-C to Thunderbolt 2 adapter because I wanted something with bi-directional compatibility. Most reviews talk about how to use an older thunderbolt device with a USB-C MacBook but I needed it to work backwards.
I have a workstation dock setup for a single Thunderbolt 3 USB-C connection (Kensington SD2400T Nano Dock). Works great on my USB-C MacBook-Pro but I also wanted to use it with my older MacBook Pro, which only has Thunderbolt 2 connections. This adapter and the Apple Thunderbolt 2 to Thunderbolt 2 cable ( 0.5m male to male), did the trick.
My workstation now supports all of my MacBooks - awesome !!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: UILabel value not changing I have set up a UILabel (declared in .h, linked in IB). In the viewDidAppear method, if I do myLabel.text=@"";, it works. But anywhere else I put this same exact line, nothing happens to the label. The label is in a custom cell view controller which another UITableView class uses as its custom cell. So I thought I had to reload the table after making the change, but that didn't work either. Even in the viewWillAppear method it doesn't work-only viewDidAppear. Any ideas?

A: Try this:
self.myLabel.text = @"";


Presidents of independent colleges and universities have made it clear that one of their highest priority needs is additional scholarship aid for deserving students. A second need is for scholarships that can improve student retention beyond the first year. To help address these needs, the Council of Independent Colleges (CIC) offers its State Councils the opportunity to apply for challenge grants designed to leverage additional gifts for scholarships, with the CIC grant and matching funds passed along to the Council's member colleges as student financial aid. To earn the CIC grant, State Councils must raise at least the challenge grant amount—but ideally more—from outside sources before the end of the fiscal year.
Since its inception, the Scholarship Challenge Grant program has generated over $2.93 million in new scholarships for deserving students across the country. The CIC State Councils that have run challenge grant campaigns thus far used their challenge grants from CIC as leverage to raise almost three times the total challenge grant amount—more than $2.13 million—in new or increased scholarship gifts to benefit the students at their member colleges and universities.


text:
A Royal Photographic Society (RPS) é uma das mais antigas sociedades fotográficas do mundo. Foi fundada em Londres, Inglaterra, em 1853 como The Photographic Society of London com o objetivo de "promover a Arte e Ciência da Fotografia". Em 1874 foi renomeada para Photographic Society of Great Britain, e em 1894 tornou-se The Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain. A RPS foi agraciada com a carta real em julho de 2004, e é também uma instituição educacional beneficente inscrita na Charity Commission. Ao longo de sua história a instituição foi baseada em vários locais de Londres. Ela mudou-se para Bath em 1979, e desde 2004 a sua sede está em Fenton House, 122 Wells Road, Bath, Somerset. A adesão é internacional e aberta a qualquer pessoa com interesse em fotografia.

A Sociedade oferece vários níveis de excelência em todos os aspectos da fotografia e uma qualificação em imagens científicas. Conta com um extenso programa de mais de 300 eventos em todo o Reino Unido e no exterior, através de grupos locais e grupos de interesses especiais. Atua como uma voz nacional para os fotógrafos, e para a fotografia de modo mais geral, e representa esses interesses em uma variedade de organismos governamentais e nacionais que tratam de áreas tão diversas como autoria e direitos dos fotógrafos. A coleção de fotografias históricas, equipamentos fotográficos e livros foi depositada à nação no National Media Museum, em Bradford, no ano de 2003.

História

Os fotógrafos foram lentos em juntar-se e formar clubes e sociedades. O primeiro foi um agrupamento informal chamado Edinburgh Calotype Club, por volta de 1843. Já a primeira sociedade fotográfica teria sido a Leeds Photographic Society, em 1852, que afirma ser a mais antiga do mundo, embora tenha tido uma quebra entre 1878 e 1881, quando deixou de existir de forma independente. Em outros países temos a Société Française de Photographie, fundada em Paris no ano de 1854.

Fundação e primeiros anos
O catalisador por trás da formação da Photographic Society foi Roger Fenton. A Grande Exposição de 1851 tinha levantado a consciência pública sobre a fotografia e, em Dezembro de 1852, uma exposição de cerca de 800 fotografias da Royal Society of Arts reuniu amadores e fotógrafos profissionais. O encontro inaugural da Photographic Society deu-se em 20 de Janeiro de 1853. Fenton tornou-se seu primeiro secretário, posição que ocupou por três anos.

Modernização e década de 1970
Quando Jane Fletcher defendeu a mudança da natureza da fotografia e educação fotográfica no início da década de 1970, obrigou a sociedade a modernizar-se e tornar-se mais relevante para a fotografia britânica. Uma revisão interna levou a mudanças constitucionais, à introdução de uma nova distinção chamado de Licenciatura em 1972 e ao estabelecimento de seis novos grupos de especialistas.

Projeto Bath
O aumento do custo de manutenção das instalações da Sociedade em South Audley Street, Londres, obrigou o Comitê Executivo a buscar locais alternativos. O Conselho aprovou, em reunião realizada em 1 de abril de 1977, a mudança para Bath e a criação de um Centro Nacional de Fotografia para abrigar a sede da Sociedade e sua coleção. Recursos de £300.000 foram lançados no verão de 1978 para os fundos necessários para transformar The Octagon e edifícios adjacentes em Milsom Street, Bath. A exposição de abertura foi realizada em Maio de 1980, com o edifício tendo sido inaugurado oficialmente pela Princesa Margaret em Abril de 1981.

Locais
Embora a reunião inaugural da Sociedade tenha tido lugar na Society of Arts, em Londres, isto se deu algum tempo antes dela ter sua própria casa permanente. Manteve-se funcionando em diversos endereços, alguns simultaneamente, para diferentes tipos de reuniões.

Os locais utilizados foram: Royal Society of Arts, John Adam Street; 20 Bedford Street, 4 Trafalgar Square, 21 Regent Street, 28 George Street (Hanover Square), 1 Coventry Street; Kings College, Strand; 9 Conduit Street, 5A Pall Mall East, Londres - usada para alguns encontros até 1899; 50 Great Russell Street; e 12 Hanover Square, Londres.

Os locais permanentes da Sociedade foram:

 1899-1909 - 66 Russell Square, Londres
 Março de 1909 - Março de 1939 - 35 Russell Square, Londres
 1939-1968 - Princes Gate, Londres
 1968-1970 - No. 1 Maddox Street (temporário)
 1970-1979 - 14 South Audley Street, Londres
 1980-2003 - The Octagon, Milsom Street, Bath
 2004-presente - Fenton House, 122 Wells Road, Bath. Oficialmente inaugurado em 16 de Fevereiro de 2005.

Brasão de Armas
O Brasão da Sociedade é composta pelos seguintes elementos:

Armas: Estes elementos representam a base da fotografia em preto e branco, e que as imagens fotográficas são percebidas através dos olhos com toda a luz e energia, em última análise decorrente do sol.

Topo: O conceito do lince no topo deriva do fato de que este animal, em termos mitológicos, é dito como tendo o poder de "ver tudo" - dentro e através de substâncias - e, portanto, é apropriado para fotografia e imagem. O dispositivo segurado pelo lince representa tanto a base da fotografia - os hábitos cristalinos raros e normais de halogenetos de prata - e comemora o momento histórico da sociedade no Octagon, em Bath.

Suporte: Os leões de ambos os lados do escudo com as suas cifras (V e A) homenageam as conexões históricas da RPS e o patrocínio real que remonta à rainha Victoria e ao príncipe Albert. Eles são baseados naqueles em homenagem ao príncipe na Capela de São Jorge (Castelo de Windsor).

Lema: O lema em latim Universa Vita Percepta se traduz como Toda a vida percebida, para indicar que a capacidade e potencial da fotografia para observar e registrar (e, assim, ajudar-nos a compreender) tudo daquilo que constitui a nossa vida.

Emblema: O emblema é baseado no dispositivo segurado pelo lince (descrito acima), que por sua vez é retirado da antiga marca da sociedade e também incorpora a antiga coroa real.

Coleção e Arquivo

Coleção

A Sociedade tinha recolhido fotografias e itens de importância histórica em uma base ad hoc, mas não havia nenhuma política formal de coleta até John Dudley Johnston ser nomeado Curador Honorário, cargo que ocupou entre 1924 e 1955. Até a nomeação de Johnston, a coleção era, em grande parte, concentrada em avanços técnicos da fotografia. Ele começou a se concentrar em adicionar a fotografia pictórica para a coleção.

Com sua morte em 1955, o posto foi transferido para sua esposa Florence e depois uma sucessão de pessoas, entre remunerados e não remunerados, incluindo Gail Buckland, Carolyn Bloore, Arthur Gill, Valerie Lloyd e Brian Coe, com a Professora Margaret Harker como Curadora Honorária por um longo período. Pam Roberts foi nomeada curadora, cargo que ocupou enquanto a coleção era fechada em 2001, até sua transferência para o National Media Museum em 2002. A mudança foi apoiada pela chefe do museu, Amanda Nevill, que havia sido secretária da Sociedade na década de 1990.

Em 1953, o número de itens da coleção tinha chegado a mais de 3000 itens. No momento da transferência para o Museu já consistia em algo em torno de 270,000 objetos fotográficos, mais de 6000 itens de equipamentos fotográficos, 13,000 livros, 13,000 periódicos encadernados e 5000 documentos relacionados ao tema da fotografia.

A coleção Tyng, de propriedade da RPS, é uma excelente coleção de fotografias pictóricas começada em 1927 por um filantropo americano e membro da sociedade, Stephen H. Tyng. Ele criou uma fundação para promover e reconhecer o trabalho fotográfico de grande mérito pictórico. A primeira impressão colorida aceita na Coleção Tyng, em 1960, foi "Madrasi Fishermen", tiradas pelo Dr. S. D. Jouhar durante sua viagem de 6 meses pela Índia em 1959.

Arquivo
Os primeiros registros da Sociedade, Conselho, Comissão e livros de atas de reuniões, são guardadas com a coleção da Sociedade, no National Media Museum, onde estão disponíveis ao público. As atas mais recentes do Conselho e do Comitê são mantidas pela Sociedade em Bath. Não há registro publicado ou on-line de antigos ou atuais membros. Listas ocasionais de membros foram publicadas pela Sociedade até a década de 1890, quando as listas foram emitidas mais regularmente. A partir de 1930 estas foram emitidas periodicamente, mas agora não mais. Novos membros eram geralmente publicados no Photographic Journal.

Existe um projeto para publicar um banco de dados pesquisável on-line de sócios entre 1853 e 1900. Este projeto foi realizado pelo Dr. Michael Pritchard e será publicado pelo Centro de Pesquisa de História Fotográfica da De Montfort University A Sociedade tem um índice de cartões de membros do final dos anos 1930 aos 1980 que ele pesquisa a pedido e também pode ser capaz de ajudar com as investigações de adesões entre 1900 e a década de 30. Os dados atuais de membros estão em uma base de dados informatizada e permanece confidencial.

Publicações
Desde a formação da Sociedade tem sido publicada uma revista, e outras publicações foram emitidas ao longo dos anos.

The Photographic Journal
O jornal da Sociedade foi originalmente chamado The Journal of the Photographic Society of London, e durante a maior parte da sua existência foi simplesmente chamado The Photographic Journal, tendo hoje o nome de RPS Journal. Foi publicado continuamente desde 1853, tornando-se a publicação periódica fotográfica mais antiga do Reino Unido. Especialmente em seus primeiros anos, foi lida e distribuída para além dos membros da Sociedade. Entre os antigos editores encontram-se Arthur Henfrey, Hugh Welch Diamond, William de Wiveleslie Abney, H. H. Blacklock e, mais recentemente, Jack Schofield. O atual editor é David Land.

The Imaging Science Journal
A Sociedade publica um jornal dedicado à ciência e à tecnologia da imagem, o The Imaging Science Journal, anteriormente chamado Journal of Photographic Science. O ISJ é hoje publicado em nome da The Society by Maney Publishing em versões impressa e digital.

The Year's Photography
The Year's Photography foi publicado anualmente pela Sociedade entre 1922 e 1961. A folha de rosto da edição de 1957 dizia 'Esta edição contém uma seleção de todas as exposições realizadas em 1956 sob os auspícios da Sociedade que continham fotografias adequadas para a reprodução. Há também revisão da fotografia artística e da exposição natural". A publicação dava uma visão geral do estado da fotografia amadora e profissional britânica durante o ano.

Outras publicações
Ao longo dos anos a Sociedade lançou uma série de publicações pontuais, muitas vezes em parceria com editoras comerciais. Estas incluem Directory of British Photographic Collections, de John Wall, em conjunto com Heinemann (1977), Roger Reynolds (ed.), Portfolio One (2007) e Roger Reynolds (ed.), Portfolio Two (2010). Publicou ainda o catálogo anual International Print Exhibition e cada vez mais publica catálogos digitais de suas exposições.

Membros
Não há restrições sobre a adesão, que é internacional e inclui fotógrafos amadores e profissionais, através de cientistas fotográficos e aqueles envolvidos em exposições, curadorias ou escrevem sobre fotografia, assim como aqueles com um interesse geral no meio. Muitos dos grandes nomes da história da fotografia, assim como muitos fotógrafos conhecidos hoje, foram membros da RPS.

Distinções e qualificações
Até 1895 a adesão foi limitada apenas para "membros", com algumas distinções menores para aqueles que vivem no exterior. Nesse ano, a Sociedade introduziu uma nova categoria de associação de "amizade" (Fellow). Agora oferece (da menor para o maior distinção):

LRPS: Licenciatura da Royal Photographic Society, introduzida em 1972
ARPS: Associação da Royal Photographic Society, introduzida em 1924
FRPS: Amizade da Royal Photographic Society, introduzida em 1895

Estas exigem a apresentação de provas - fotografias ou escritos - que são avaliadas por painéis competentes antes de serem celebradas pelo Conselho da Sociedade. Além das Qualificações de Cientistas da Imagem, a Sociedade proporciona uma estrutura de liderança para as qualificações profissionais de engenheiros, cientistas e tecnólogos cujas atividades profissionais estão preocupadas com aspectos quantitativos ou mecânicos de sistemas de imagiologia ou as suas aplicações. Estes são divididos em quatro níveis;

QIS; Qualified Imaging Scientist and Licentiate (Qualificação de Cientista da Imagem e Licenciado) (QIS LRPS) of the Royal Photographic Society (Nível 1)
GIS; Graduate Imaging Scientist and Associate (Graduação de Cientista da Imagem e Associado) (GIS ARPS) of the Royal Photographic Society (Nível 2)
AIS; Accredited Imaging Scientist and Associate (Aceito como Cientista da Imagem e Associado) (AIS ARPS) of the Royal Photographic Society (Nível 3)
ASIS; Accredited Senior Imaging Scientist and Fellow (Aceito como Cientista da Imagem Senior e Associado) (ASIS FRPS) of the Royal Photographic Society (Nível 4)

Exposições
A Sociedade realiza uma exposição anual desde 1854. Passou a deter uma Exposição Internacional Anual de Impressões, patrocinado pelo escritório de advocacia multinacional Allen & Overy, que percorre o Reino Unido, uma Exposição Internacional Anual de Imagem Projetada que também percorre o país; Exposição de Ciência e Exposição de Membros; e exposições mensais de trabalhos de membros em Fenton House.

Oficinas
A Sociedade executa mais de 300 oficinas e palestras em todo o Reino Unido que estão abertas a membros e não-membros. Muitas são realizadas na sede da RPS, em Bath.

Premiações e medalhas
A cada ano a Sociedade apresenta uma série de premiações para fotógrafos e outras individuais em fotografia. O destinatário recebe uma medalha. O mais importante destas é a Progress Medal, instituida em 1878, entregue em reconhecimento a alguma invenção, pesquisa, publicação ou outra contribuição cujo resultado seja um avanço importante no desenvolvimento científico ou tecnológico da fotografia ou da imagem no sentido mais amplo.

Outros prêmios anuais da Sociedade são: Centenary, Award for Outstanding Service to Photography, o Colin Ford, o Combined Royal Colleges, o Davies, o Education, o Fenton (e Sócio Honorário Vitalício), o Hood, o J Dudley Johnston, o Lumière, RPS Member's Award, o Saxby, o Selwyn, o Vic Odden, e o Bill Wisden Fellowship of the Year.

Medalha do Centenário
De acordo com o website da sociedade, esta premiação é "em reconhecimento de uma contribuição sustentada, significativa para a arte da fotografia".

O brasileiro Sebastião Salgado foi seu vencedor no ano de 1993. Abaixo a lista de recebedores:

1993 - Sebastião Salgado
1994 - Cornell Capa
1995 - Robert Delpire
1996/97 - Freddie Young
1998 - Josef Koudelka
1999 - William Klein
2000 - Ray Metzker
2001 - Paul Caponigro
2002 - Elliott Erwitt
2003 - Medalha especial da premiação de aniversário (150 anos)
2004 - Arnold Newman
2005 - David Bailey
2006 - Susan Meiselas
2007 - Don McCullin
2008 - Martin Parr
2009 - Annie Leibovitz
2010 - Albert Watson
2011 - Terry O'Neill
2012 - Joel Meyerowitz
2013 - Brian Griffin

Prêmio de melhor serviço para a fotografia
De acordo com o website da Sociedade, este prêmio "carrega consigo um Membro Honorário da Sociedade. Ele reconhece grandes contribuições continuadas, marcantes e influentes para o avanço da fotografia e/ou imagem em seus mais amplos significados". Os recebedores são:
2009 - Dewi Lewis
2010 - Michael G Wilson
2011 - Philippe Garner
2012 - Kathy Ryan

Colin Ford Award
A RPS estabeleceu em 2003 o Colin Ford Award, uma premiação anual por contribuições para a curadoria. O nome é uma homenagem ao primeiro diretor do National Museum of Photography, Film and Television (atual National Media Museum) em Bradford, Colin Ford CBE.

Education Award
De acordo com o website da Sociedade este prémio "é dado para realizações proeminentes ou contribuições na educação fotográfica continuada". Os recebedores são:

2011 - Paul Delmar, que lecionou fotografia impressa e fotojornalismo no Norton College, em Sheffield, por 30 anos
2012 - Anne Williams, Diretora do programa de fotografia do London College of Communication

J Dudley Johnston Award / Medal

Este é um "prêmio de grande conquista no campo da crítica fotográfica ou da história da fotografia. A premiado é dada pela excelência continuada ao longo de um período de tempo, ou para uma única publicação excepcional". Os recebedores são:
1998 - Larry Schaaf
1999 - Vicki Goldberg
2000 - Colin Westerbeck
2001 - Bill Jay
2002 - Dr Mike Weaver
2003 - Dr Sara Stevenson
2004 - Colin Harding (fotohistoriador) e Val Williams (Curador)
2005 - Ian Jeffrey (fotohistoriador) e David Alan Mellor (Curador)
2006 - Gerhard Steidl (fotohistoriador) e Martin Harrison (Curador)
2007 - Roger Taylor (fotohistoriador)
2008 - Gail Buckland
2009 - Matthew Butson
2010 - A. D. Coleman
2011 - Sean O'Hagan
2012 - Anthony Bannon

Vic Odden Award
Este é um "prêmio oferecido por um feito notável na arte da fotografia por um fotógrafo britânico de 35 anos ou menos, sendo nomeado em memória de Vic Odden". Os recebedores são:
1999 - Paul Lowe
2000 - Harriet Logan
2001 - Paul M. Smith
2002 - Donovan Wylie
2003 - Hannah Starkey
2004 - Adam Broomberg e Oliver Chanarin
2005 - Tom Craig
2006 - Stephen Gill
2007 - Simon Roberts
2008 - Alixandra Fazzina
2009 - James Mollison
2010 - Olivia Arthur
2011 - Venetia Dearden
2012 - Laura Pannack

Outras premiações
Além das premiações citadas acima, existem ainda:

 Combined Royal Colleges Medal
 Davies Medal
 Fenton Medal/Fenton Award
 Hood Medal
 Lumière Award
 RPS Member's Award
 Saxby Medal/Saxby Award
 Selwyn Award
 The Bill Wisden Fellowship of the Year

Ligações externas
  (em inglês)
 Royal Photographic Society Journal, 1853-2012, arquivo de pesquisa (em inglês)
 Membros da Royal Photographic Society, 1853–1901 (em inglês)
 National Media Museum contém diversas imagens da coleção da RPS (em inglês)
 Library of Congress Selected for 1993-95 International Partnership Award (em inglês)

Fotografia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The DC area has such a special place in our hearts. Three of our four kiddos were born there, so it's the first place we started exploring with kids. We moved there before we had kids, so we also got to experience a bit of non-kid time while my husband was working and I was in graduate school. In a lot of ways, DC still feels like home.
We lived across the Potomac River in Arlington, VA for the whole time we were there, so while we didn't technically live in the city, we were very close, often walking, Metroing, or driving into various spots. These are some of our favorite places both in the city itself, as well as in the surrounding suburbs.
As always with these Big Giant Lists, please comment with any favorites of yours that I've forgotten or missed so this can be a dynamic resource for anyone living in or visiting the area!
– DC will be a madhouse in the summer. It just will be. But it can still be super fun, and there are always various festivals and such happening on the Mall and elsewhere. So it's still worth it. Just prep yourself to deal with crowds. Get to places early, and consider taking a break midday when crowds are biggest.
– One tip to deal with summer crowds is to visit some museums during extended evening hours. A few of the bigger museums (I believe there are 4 that participate) will stay open late on certain days and it is MAGICAL. We've been probably 10 times and every single time, the museums have been practically empty. We've found street parking right in front of the museum. All the tourists have lost steam by that time and you get to peruse in peace.
– The museums are big, and Metro stops are often not super close together. Be prepared to walk. A lot.
– DC just has so, so much to do. Don't worry about trying to get to everything. Just pick some favorites, and enjoy what you can.
– I wanted to put all this info out there so you can have an easy place to reference a ton of options. However, I recognize this can potentially be completely overwhelming. If you're visiting (or live there!) and want a little more direction based on your interests, PLEASE feel free to reach out to me and I'd be happy to help!- I love so many of these but I've also highlighted some of my personal tippy top favorites to help those who may be on a first visit.
This is the biggest category for a reason. DC is stuffed absolutely full with amazing, important places around every corner.
I highly recommend seeing the memorials at night. It's getting more popular, but it still won't be nearly as crowded as during the day. And they're beautiful then.
Bike to cherry blossoms, Lincoln Memorial, Zoo, etc.
There are SO MANY of these. This is honestly just a small snapshot of some of our favorites.
Wheaton Regional Park – Wheaton, MD – huge slides, etc.
Honestly, DC has so, so many places to eat and this is just the tip of the iceberg. Still, I've highlighted a few of my very faves, and included a bunch of others that we have enjoyed.
Truly, DC is close to SO much. You could conceivably do day trips even as far as Philadelphia or New York, depending on what you wanted to do. Still, I've just included a few of our favorite accessible trips from DC.


The threat of another North Korean nuclear test has put Japan on high alert and they are preparing for the worst. As Japan hosts US military bases and is within striking distance from Pyongyang, many people fear the possibility of attack.
The threat of another North Korean nuclear test has put Japan on high alert and they are preparing for the worst.
As Japan hosts US military bases and is within striking distance from Pyongyang, many people fear the possibility of attack.
Al Jazeera's Scott Heidler reports from Osaka.


First Round defeat Marcos Baghdatis 6-3 4-3 ab.
Second Round defeated by Philipp Kohlschreiber 6-2 6-1 3-0 ab.
Qualifications - Second Round defeat Reilly Opelka 4-6 6-1 2-0 ab.
Round of 32 defeated by Juan Monaco 6-3 3-0 ab.
Second Round defeat Kei Nishikori w.o.
First Round defeat Steve Darcis 2-0 ab.
Round of 32 defeated by Nick Kyrgios 6-1 2-1 ab.
Round of 32 defeat Fabio Fognini 6-0 4-0 ab.
Quarter-Finals defeat Philipp Kohlschreiber 6-4 4-3 ab.
First Round defeated by Marin Cilic 6-4 2-0 ab.
Round of 16 defeat Michael Russell 5-7 6-3 3-0 ab.
Please note, major results of Santiago Giraldo is based on data from The-Sports.org and may be incomplete.


text:
https://www.concordia.ca/content/concordia/en/artsci/chemistry/programs/undergraduate.html
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
Undergraduate awards
The department's aim is to offer the best undergraduate education in chemistry or biochemistry whether it is for a student who is intending to be a specialist, or one who is taking courses in chemistry as a requirement of some other career or for general interest.
Bachelor of Science in Chemistry (BSc)
The Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry offers BSc Honours, BSc Specialization, BSc Major, and Minor programs in Chemistry.
Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry (BSc)
The Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry offers BSc Honours, BSc Specialization, and BSc Major programs in Biochemistry.
Bachelor of Science in Environmental and Sustainability Science (BSc)
The Faculty of Arts and Science offers BSc Honours or BSc Specialization in Environmental and Sustainability Science.
The Co-op programs have the same academic course requirements as the honours or specialization programs (in chemistry or biochemistry). However, Coop students alternate their academic semesters with off-campus paid work terms in government or industrial laboratories.
Chemistry co-op
Biochemistry co-op
Interested in a degree in chemistry? You may wish to also consider a minor in multidisciplinary studies where you conduct actual scientific research.
7141 Sherbrooke St. W.
Richard J. Renaud Science Complex
See building map


text:
Featured Women In Hospitality
Women in Hospitality: Cherry Cruz, Regional Human Resources Director at LUX* South Ari Atoll and LUX* North Male' Atoll, Maldives
June 16, 2018 June 14, 2018 by Mariyam Manik
For our latest feature in Women in Hospitality, we speak to Cherry Santos Cruz, the Regional Human Resources Director at LUX* South Ari Atoll and LUX* North Male' Atoll, Maldives. Cherry is someone who has reached and achieved numerous milestones with her career only because of her dedication, commitment and the habit of never giving up.
She is highly skilled in modern Human Resources Administration, pro in Compensation and Benefits, a World Class Recruiter and an HR Strategist. Her creative ideas and continuous improvement process have assisted LUX* South Ari Atoll to become an employer of choice when it comes to Employee Engagement and Employee Relations.
HM: How did your career begin?
CC: Many of us reach a point in our lives when we cannot figure out what we're passionate about. When I landed my first job in 2006, I was undecided as to whether pursuing a career in Human Resources was right for me.I was hired as Executive Assistant to the General Manager of One&Only Reethi Rah Resort, a member of the "World's Leading Hotels", then later moved to Human Resources. I delivered as expected to keep my job, and eventually, I wasn't just working to keep my job. I started to become more enthusiastic about my job.Alongside my aim to grow, I started to enjoy communicating with people and simply listening to their concerns.
I was happy with my work and with my Team, but I was also desirous of new opportunities. Until today, I must say that good fate always favours me. Eventually, I got a call from an employment agency in the Philippines and was offered the role of HR & Training Manager at Kuredu Island Resorts & Spa, Maldives.
I took the opportunity to work at Kuredu Island Resort and Spa as HR and Training Manager. That was the beginning. I then moved onto become the Training and Quality Assurance Manager at The Beach House at Manafaru, Training Manager with the pre-opening team for Constance Ephelia Resort in Seychelles, Learning and Development Manager at Taj Exotica Resort and Spa, Human Resources Manager at Velassaru, Maldives.
The biggest challenge and most fulfilling career opportunity came in August 2012 – Director for Human Resources at LUX* South Ari Atoll. In April 2016, I was promoted to Regional Human Resources Director to expand my responsibilities to encompass the two LUX* properties in the Maldives, namely; LUX* South Ari Atoll and LUX* North Male' Atoll. In February 2017, I hit another career milestone when I was nominated in World HRD Congress as 100 Most Influential Global HR Professionals. I was very thankful for this recognition as I was the very first Filipino in the Maldives who has received this prestigious honour.
HM: You've been with LUX* Hotels and Resorts for nearly six years now, but you were appointed to your position as a regional human resources director in April 2016. Is this what you've been working towards for so long?CC: I believe my career experience and transitions represent my boundless desire for big challenges. But honestly, in my six years of working with LUX* Resorts & Hotels, my first position was quite challenging and fulfilling. It was only when the opportunity arose, that I realized that my work has been noticed by the upper management. They entrusted the new position to me. The Regional Human Resources Director's role has clearly defined my career niche.HM: What are the challenges to rising women leadership in the Asia Pacific, particularly in the hospitality industry?
CC: Imagine a boardroom wherein there are ten men in suits and ties and one woman in a skirt and a blazer. The scenario itself naturally gives jitters to the woman who then perceives that the winning presentation inside that boardroom is gender-defined.
The lack of diversity, flexibility and versatility in talent development in a company is what keeps women leadership on the sidelines. Added to this is not much development and training programs are geared towards building women's self-confidence, opening opportunities to widen network connections, stirring critical thinking and practising decision-making.
HM: Tell us more about the hospitality industry management in the Asia Pacific and HR management practices peculiar to the industry?CC: The term should not be "peculiar" but "significant"? The argument on whether HR practices contribute to organizational performance, specifically in the hospitality industry continues to exist. A hospitality company's strength is founded on its people as its main investment because the company sells high level of services to its guests.Given this, the investment being the employees, they should be well taken care of, trained, developed and kept happy and satisfied.
This is when HR practices come in. I believe then that there should not be any peculiarity nor insignificance of the HR practices to the organizational performance in any industry, not just in the hospitality industry.
HM: How can HR Managers promote gender diversity and women leadership in an organization?
CC: LUX* Resorts & Hotels is growing and expanding, and along with this growth, HR's approach to talent development and management is driven by diversity, flexibility, and versatility. We are currently determining areas in the operations and corporate office where women leadership will contribute to the overall company's objectives.Along with the determination of positions for women, we are likewise developing programs that will touch on confidence building, decision-making, critical thinking, leadership, and networking. With the upcoming opening of LUX* North Male' Atoll, there is a large number of new management positions to be filled and women who are prepared to take on leader roles are definitely encouraged.HM: One of your key criteria is finding an employee with the best attitude at work and strong personality in life. How does this impact the way you hire people?
CC: I have always believed that emotional intelligence overpowers technical skills. Technical skills are significant, but when it is matched by immaturity and negativity in the workplace, it becomes irrelevant. A technically skilled employee with a bad attitude will always have issues learning and contributing, while an average-skilled worker whose is open-minded and determined has better chances of learning. In the hospitality industry especially, working well with a team is crucial. People with the right attitude at work and confidence in themselves will always contribute to good team retention and spirit.
HM: So much for hiring the right people. But how do you build the right team?
CC: By building a LUX* Culture – Helping People Celebrate Life. Keeping employees' happy makes a good team.
HM: What are the reward and recognition programs put up in place at LUX* to make employees feel valued, appreciated and motivated for their contributions?
CC: So much an to name a few, major ones – Monthly LUX* Ambassador Recognition, Staging LUX* Shining Programme, Department Incentive Scheme, Star Card and ongoing tailored made training in our resort as well as various activities we conduct at LUX* South Ari Atoll.
HM: What sort of strategic issues do you focus on?CC: My focus has always been on attracting and retaining a diverse talented workforce. In the hospitality service industry, efficiency in selecting, recruiting and developing people is the greatest investment. We serve guests; therefore we are banking highly on manpower and facilities to sell our service. Therefore, strengthening and modernizing talent acquisition is the main focus.HM: How do you pass on your experience to your team?
CC: By creating my own cycle of success for the team, and one day, a successor. LUX* Resorts & Hotels opened big possibilities for me with all confidence and trust, and I owe my people the same trust and confidence for them to have the key to those possibilities as well. I train them the way I was trained – delegation, follow-ups, review. I set my expectations and give them the liberty to execute the tasks after. If they fail, I sit down with them and discuss.
CC: I am looking forward to coming home for good and establishing an HR Consultancy in the Philippines. While employment has conferred on me financial solutions and career growth, I am also dreaming of becoming my own boss and developing leaders among my future employees.
Events Featured News Wellness Summit
Hotelier Maldives to host Wellness Summit in September 2017
The only dedicated hospitality and business magazine in the country, Hotelier Maldives will be taking the initiative of organizing a Wellness Summit in September 2017. Planned as a networking and knowledge sharing, day-long event, the Hotelier Maldives Wellness Summit will see a number of industry leaders and related professionals converge for a series of keynote […]
December 15, 2016 December 16, 2021 by Ahmed Afruh Rasheed
Adaaran Select Meedhupparu marks World Environment Day with awareness session
Adaaran Select Meedhupparu, an Aitken Spence Hotel's resort in the Maldives hosted an interactive awareness session on eco-consciousness and plight of the planet for over 100 participants last week, in lieu of World Environment Day, on 5 June 2018. A resort that has sustainability and ecological protection at its core, over the years Adaaran Select […]
June 7, 2018 June 7, 2018 by Hotelier News Desk
Careers: Nasreena Ali – Demi Chef at Furaveri Island Resort & Spa
Nasreena Ali is the Demi Chef at Furaveri Island Resort & Spa. Hotelier Maldives sits down with her to find out more about her, to discover the highpoints of her career, and whether a woman needs to sacrifice family to become successful.
August 28, 2016 August 28, 2016 by Nashiu Zahir


text:
Scots Weekly: Stats & Notes (Oct. 6-11)
It was a big week in Covenant athletics. Get caught up with all the action with this week's edition of Scots Weekly.
Results (Oct. 6-11)
Men's Soccer (1-1)
L, 0-1 at Methodist
W, 4-1 at N.C. Wesleyan
Women's Soccer (0-2)
L, 0-2 at #5 Emory
Match at N.C. Wesleyan Postponed
Volleyball (3-0)
W, 3-0 at Agnes Scott
W, 3-0 vs. Greensboro
W, 3-0 vs. Mary Baldwin
Placed 5th of 5 at The Buccaner (Christian Brothers)
Maggie Mauze (16th) and Ellie Blauw (27th) competed at The Buccaneer (Christian Brothers)
5: Number of points tallied by men's soccer senior Ian Meredith in Saturday's 4-1 win at North Carolina Wesleyan, a career-high. Meredith scored twice and added an assist in the victory. It was his first two-goal game since his freshman season.
.398: The volleyball team's hitting percentage in Saturday's 3-0 win over Mary Baldwin. It was the highest percentage in a match since Sept. 25, 2012 when Covenant hit .400 against Agnes Scott. The Lady Scots registered 44 kills, with 15 from Ginny Moore, and had only nine errors in the win on Saturday.
305: The second round team score for the men's golf team at The Buccaneer, a season best. The Scots had three players shoot in the 70s in the round led by Alan Craig's 74. Nick Blauw had a career-low 75 in the round and Scott McKnight posted a 76.
9: The current win streak for the volleyball team which matches a program record. The Lady Scots have had win streaks of six and now nine this year. Covenant will get a chance to set a new record when they travel to Maryville on Tuesday.
CAREER BESTS:
Volleyball freshman Ginny Moore tied a career-high with 15 kills in Saturday's 3-0 win over Mary Baldwin.
Nick Blauw set a career best with his 75 in the second round of The Buccaneer last Monday
Lucy Johnson made a career-high 14 saves in Tuesday's 2-0 loss at No. 5 Emory. Johnson has made at least 13 saves in a match three times this season.
Heading into the final two weeks of the regular season, the men's soccer team is one of two teams with one loss in USA South play (Greensboro the other). Covenant is 4-1-1 in league play, while Greensboro is 5-1. The Scots hold the tiebreaker.
Both men's and women's soccer teams are at home on Wednesday against Huntingdon beginning at 5 p.m. with the women's match.
Volleyball continues its long road trip with a visit to Maryville on Tuesday and a quad-match at William Peace on Saturday.
Information on the rescheduling of the women's soccer match vs. North Carolina Wesleyan should be announced early this week. Check back for more details.
COVENANT PLAYERS OF THE WEEK:
This week's Covenant Player of the Week are volleyball freshman Ginny Moore and men's soccer senior Ian Meredith. CLICK HERE to read their full highlights of the week.
Ginny Moore - Fr. - Volleyball Ian Meredith - Sr. - Men's Soccer
See something missing? Have an idea to improve this column? Shoot us an email at sid@covenant.edu with suggestions of what you would like to see covered in this weekly section.
Be sure to follow the Scots all season long on athletics.covenant.edu and on social media at Facebook, Twitter and Instagram for up-to-date scores, news and other information.
July 9, 2015 105 Covenant Student-Athletes Named USA South All-Academic
July 2, 2015 Athletics Launches New Website
April 26, 2015 Scots Weekly: Stats & Notes - Final Spring Edition
April 16, 2015 McKnight Named to USA South All-Sportsmanship Team
April 14, 2015 Men's Golf Finishes Season at Rain-Shortened Rhodes Classic
April 13, 2015 McKnight's 73 Leads Men's Golf at Rhodes Spring Classic
April 7, 2015 Blauw Paces Men's Golf at Emory Spring Invitational
March 31, 2015 Men's Golf Finishes Ninth at Wynlakes Intercollegiate
February 17, 2015 Golf Teams Open Spring Season at Coastal Georgia Winter Invitational
January 8, 2015 Student-Athletes Named to Dean's List for Fall 2014
October 26, 2014 Scots Weekly: Stats & Notes (Oct. 20-25)
October 21, 2014 Men's Golf Wraps Up Fall Season at Chick-fil-A Collegiate
October 20, 2014 Blauw's 74 Paces Scots Golf at Chick-fil-A
October 12, 2014 Scots Weekly: Stats & Notes (Oct. 6-11)
October 7, 2014 Scots Golf Finishes Ninth at The Buccaneer; Mauze Places 16th
October 6, 2014 Men's Golf Posts Season Low Score in 2nd Round of The Buccaneer
October 5, 2014 Scots Weekly: Stats & Notes (Sept. 29-Oct. 4)
September 30, 2014 Golf Places Ninth at Pinnacle Trust, Craig Shoots Career-Low 73
September 29, 2014 McKnight's 77 Leads Scots Golf after 1st Round of Pinnacle Trust
September 14, 2014 Scots Weekly: Stats & Notes (Sept. 8-13)
September 9, 2014 Scots Golf Finishes Fifth at Piedmont Fall Invitational
September 8, 2014 Men's Golf Opens Season at Piedmont Fall Invitational
July 10, 2014 Belote Named Covenant Head Golf Coach


text:
HomeBy CountyCamden CountyNothing Bundt Cakes to Open in Cherry Hill
Camden CountyNews
Nothing Bundt Cakes to Open in Cherry Hill
A franchise of Nothing Bundt Cakes will be located in the Barclay Farms Shopping Center in Cherry Hill at 1409 Marlton Pike 70E. Owners Jessica and Steve Boese are overseeing the construction now and shooting to open in June. This will be the first South Jersey location for the bundt cake-based bakery.
Originally from Philadelphia, Jessica, 42, met her husband Steve, 54, while they had been living in Texas where they both worked at a major restaurant corporation. After they started a family, she stayed home with their two sons, until the boys were in school. She returned to the workforce focusing on non-profit work, including a group that supports a government food program for children and adults, and then five years in communications for a k-12 public charter school district in Texas.
They had always wanted to move back to be closer to her family and the shore, where she had happy memories as a child in a house her grandfather built on Long Beach Island. In 2020, she talked her husband Steve into heading back east, moving to Haddonfield, and opening the bakery in Cherry Hill. Their sons are now 15 and 12, so it seemed like a good time to leave Texas and pursue something new.
"After 30+ years in restaurants, including being a multi-unit director and consultant, Steve was ready for something new," Jessica told South Jersey Food Scene. "Moving back East had always been the goal, so here we are and we couldn't be more excited to bring Nothing Bundt Cakes to Cherry Hill."
Nothing Bundt Cakes was founded in 1997 in Las Vegas by Dena Tripp and Debbie Shwetz specializing in festive bundt cakes, bundtlets (miniature bundt cakes), and bundtinis (bite-sized bundt cakes). There are now over 250 bakeries throughout the USA with many in the Greater Philadelphia area. This will be the first in South Jersey.
The grand opening will involve a ribbon-cutting ceremony with the Camden County Regional Chamber of Commerce, a community give-back day where a percentage of sales will go to a local charity, chances to win prizes, and free bundlets for all. A grand opening date will be announced soon.
Tags: Nothing Bundt Cakes
Barry's Buns Opens in Wildwood
blueplate in Mullica Hill Plans Outdoor Dining Expansion
Healthy Garden Cafe to Open in Collingswood This Week
Haddonfield's Jersey Java & Tea Converts Space Into Small Food Market
Carol Geller says:
Are there any dairy free cakes?
Marilyn Johnson says:
I don't believe so, but you should call them to ask.
Susan diperzio says:
When will nothing but bundt open in Cherry Hill
It is now open!


text:
Vienna Tour
Saint Stephens Cathedral (Stefansdom), Vienna Virtual Tour.
Go to Previous Panorama
Panorama Index
Go to Next Panorama
Link Vienna Virtual Tour to your social network:
Live local search and reviews: Find Hotels with rooms available in Vienna and accommodation near Saint Stephens Cathedral (Stefansdom).
Guide and Virtual Tour of Vienna: Saint Stephens Cathedral (Stefansdom).
Panorama | Review | Map
This content requires HTML5/CSS3, WebGL, or Adobe Flash Player Version 9 or higher. This message may also appear if .js .swf or associated files are unavailable.
This Cathedral is dedicated to the first martyr of Christendom: Saint Stephen (Stefan in German). The South Tower was completed in 1443 and the North one in 1579. The Baroque altarpieces were added in the 18th century.
After the World War II the Cathedral was reconstructed after being devastated by a fire.
Inside the Cathedral there are many art treasures: the tomb of Prince Eugene of Savoy (1754), the Altarpiece of Wiener Neustadt, the pulpit by Anton Pilgram (1514-15), the sepulcher of Emperor Frederik III by Niclas Gerhaert (1467-1513) and the Gothic winged Altar.
If you want to admire all these works, allow plenty of time, and maybe take one of the guided tours.
Join us on the next part of our virtual tour of Vienna...
You are viewing panorama No.11 (Saint Stephens Cathedral (Stefansdom)), one of 30 Virtual Reality 360 degree views of Vienna.
Map of Vienna showing the location of Saint Stephens Cathedral (Stefansdom) at Latitude 48.208595 / Longitude 16.372958.
We have visited Vienna on a number of occasions to produce this tour, this page was created on Tue, 3 Apr 2012 17:06:47 +0100.
5 Day, 10 Day, 15 Day long range weather forecast and current conditions for Saint Stephens Cathedral (Stefansdom), Vienna
Click here for page top
P A N O R A M I C Photography produced with equipment, hardware and software supplied by Red Door VR Limited UK
Page last updated: Tuesday, June 21, 2016
Contact form | Privacy Policy | Sitemap | Advertising
Protected by COPYSCAPE. Unauthorised use of our copyright material is expressly forbidden.
Visitors to Vienna virtual tour.


Here is my take on oil filters and o-rings for the 750 twin. But first, I have to mention that I change my oil about every 1500 miles or so, and sometimes change my filter every other oil change, sometimes every oil change, depending on what time in the season, riding conditions, winterization, etc. So I try to keep the costs down a bit, while still getting reasonable quality and safety for the money.
I have always read (and you might have too) about quality challenges in certain manufacturer's oil filters. But I'm not going to spend big bucks for expensive filters either. So, I have decided to mitigate any concerns, and regularly alternate oil filters between each change.
Fram CH6013 – $7.28 – This is the filter that is listed for the KZ750 Twin on some parts sites. It does fit. It does work. It includes 2 o-rings: an o-ring for the oil bolt that you *can* use, and a large round o-ring that you can fling at your buddy, or toss right in the garbage. It does *not* include the figure-8-shaped o-ring. I typically do not buy this model.
Emgo 10-24400 – $3.80 – No o-rings. And you'll like it. I typically buy these and alternate them with the CH6014 above.
By the way, I'm not affiliated with any of the links provided… and make no promises regarding them… and prices were valid at the time of this post.
No, you're not stupid, it's in a crazy place: behind the cover on the left side of the engine. No joke. You have to take off the left foot peg, etc., to get to it. It's all in the Kawasaki Service Manual, which you should be able to get from my "reference" link at the right side of the page.
Hey Bisquetoast, I'm a rookie 1978 KZ 750 owner and really enjoying all the info here. I want to attempted changing my oil filter and have been studying the maintenance manual. On page 31 it indicates the need for a special tool, a "Shift Shaft Oil Seal Guide". Do I need this guide? I've been poking around the kztwin owners forum and haven't found anything there yet. As I understand this protects the seal. I'm leery to damage this seal. I've been poking around the kztwin owners forum and haven't found anything there yet.
You don't really need the shift shaft seal guide. The seal isn't a super-critical part anyway, and if you're gentle with it, it'll go back on easily anyway.
Thanks for the info… I was looking for this o-ring, and with the code I can buy it in the web from here in Brazil.
hi i just got a 1980 kz750 and im digging into it now, cleaning up the wheels, carbs, replacing the oil, wheel and stem bearings, etc.. i want to run a small oil pressure gauge on the side of the motor. i have done this on a couple of my other bikes and really like being able to keep a real eye on the pressure.. i have done some searching and haven't been able to find the running pressure of the 750b twin. i was hoping you could help me out with that? i need to know before hand so i get the right gauge. if its somewhere on your site and i missed it im sorry, but i dont have much time to surf the web while im at work and i dont have a working computer at home lol. any help would be greatly appreciated!!
I hope somebody else replies, but I actually do remember some folks doing this years back when I was an active member of the KZRider and KTOF… My faint memory is telling me that it's an extremely low pressure, and finding a usable, readable pressure gauge was difficult.
very informative post w/ much useful material. Thanks.
Was wondering what the recommended torque setting in pounds/sq. in. is for the oil drain bolt when re-installing on a KZ750?


text:
Helmold, född omkring 1120 im Raum Goslar, död efter 1177 i Bosau vid Plön, var en tysk krönikeskrivare.

Helmold var präst i Bosau. Han skrev på uppmaning av Lübecksbiskopen Gerold (död 1163) en Chronica slavorum (bland annat utgiven av Johann Martin Lappenberg och Ludwig Weiland i Georg Heinrich Pertz "Monumenta Germaniæ historica"), i vilken han skildrar vendernas historia till 1171; särskilt behandlas där Henrik Lejonet och biskopsdömet Oldenburg-Lübeck. Den är av stort värde för den historiska forskningen; dock har dess trovärdighet starkt ifrågasatts av Carl Schirren ("Beiträge zur Kritik älterer holsteinischer Geschichtsquellen", 1876).

Källor

Tyska krönikeskrivare
Tyska romersk-katolska präster
Män
Personer i Tyskland under 1100-talet


WHEN transom sash are set with 3-Way Luxfer Pressed Prism Tiles, the entire room is daylighted. Plain glass, on the other hand, permits the lighting of only the part adjacent to the window. The effect of the prisms is to bend up the light rays and project them to the farthest corners.
This use of the prism is made possible by a fundamental law of optics. Light rays always travel in straight lines unless reflected or refracted. According to one law of refraction, when light rays pass obliquely from one medium into another of different density, they are deflected, but upon passing through. and re-entering the original medium, they are restored to their original direction, provided the planes of approach and of exit are parallel.
When light rays pass through a sheet of plain glass (figure 3), they are refracted toward the perpendicular to the surface as they enter the glass, and away from the perpendicular as they leave it; the angles of deflection being determined by the angles at which the rays strike the two surfaces of the glass. But, as these surfaces are parallel, the resultant direction at exit is the same as that of approach.
In figure 5 the rays approach the prism surface at the same angle as the angle of approach in figure 3. but, because the second surface of the prism is not parallel, but at an angle, to the first, they still further change their direction as they leave, different-angled prisms giving different resultant directions.
The commercial prism is a series of small prisms moulded into the face of the tiles. These prisms, in the 3-Way Luxfer Tiles, are of different angles, so as to bend the light in different directions.
Figure 1 shows how light passes directly through an ordinary pane and is reflected by the walls.
Figure 2 shows how light passing through a plain glass window with a 3-Way Luxfer Transom above is bent up by refraction in new directions, searches out and daylights every part of the room, and is reflected from every wall. Figure 4 shows this in another way.
3-Way Luxfer Pressed Prism Tiles are made in two types: Luxfer, or Flat Back, for average installations, and 3-Way, or Lens Back, for locations where daylight must be gathered from sides as well as from above.
Only experts should be consulted, in order that prisms of proper angle be selected, as is essential.


You're on the verge of choosing an incredible electricity rate in Melissa, TX. We've created a selection of the best plans from the highest quality list of electric providers offering service for your area. You can rank all of the electricity rates for Melissa, TX based upon the name of the electric provider, contract term, or even rate.