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Demand Media slates GAC's new gTLDs demands
Kevin Murphy, May 9, 2013, Domain Policy
Demand Media has become the first new gTLD applicant to put its head above the parapet and tell ICANN that its latest batch of Governmental Advisory Committee advice is unworkable.
While its comment on the GAC's Beijing communique is very diplomatically worded, it's obvious that Demand reckons most of the "safeguard" advice it contains would be difficult, if not impossible, to implement.
The company has urged ICANN to refuse to adopt the advice, saying:
the spirit and actual letter of the GAC Advice related to these additional safeguards comes in a manner and form that is completely antithetical and contrary to ICANN's bottom-up, multi-stakeholder, consensus-driven policy development process. Because the proposed safeguards, if implemented, would effectively change how new gTLDs are managed, sold, distributed, registered, operated, and used in the marketplace, the GAC Advice is tantamount to making "top-down," dictatorial, non-consensus, policy which undermines the entire ICANN model. If ICANN chose to adopt any one of these three safeguards, ICANN itself would lose all legitimacy.
Demand seems to agree with many of the points raised in this DI post from a few weeks ago related to the GAC's demand that hundreds of new gTLD registries should compel their registrants to stick to data security standards when they handle sensitive financial or healthcare data.
The GAC's advice is extremely broad here and pays scant attention to the innumerable implementation questions raised. As such, Demand says in its comment (filed by applying subsidiary United TLD Holdco):
United TLD believes applicable laws and recognized industry standards should be developed and implemented by appropriate legislative, law enforcement and industry expert bodies and should not be developed by the registry operator.
It also takes issue with the GAC's demand for registry operators to "establish a working relationship with the relevant regulatory body including developing a strategy to mitigate abuse."
The company points out that many TLDs listed in the Beijing communique will have multiple uses, and even if there is a regulatory body for a subsection of registrants, it may not cover all.
For example, should a software engineer (an unregulated profession) have to agree to abide by rules developed for civil engineers when they register a .engineer domain name?
it would be inappropriate, and impossible, to find a "relevant regulatory body" with whom to establish a relationship related to the use of .ENGINEER. Additionally, what if the relevant regulatory body simply declined to work with a registry operator or does not respond to requests for collaboration?
The Demand comment is full of examples of problems such as this.
In broader terms, however, the registrar and applicant is utterly opposed to the GAC's insistence that "certain" unspecified gTLDs representing regulated sectors should be forced, in effect, to transform into tightly restricted sponsored gTLDs.
The GAC wants these applicants to forge tight links with regulatory and self-regulatory bodies and vet each registrant's credentials before allowing domains to be registered.
Demand said:
applicants, including United TLD, submitted their new gTLD applications believing that that they would be operating, managing and distributing generic TLDs. These three Safeguards completely change the nature of the new TLDs from being generic and widely available, to being "sponsored" TLDs restricted only to those individuals who must prove their status or credentials entitling them to register domain names with certain extensions. These three Safeguards are patently adverse to the core purpose of the new gTLD program and ICANN's mission generally which is to promote consumer choice and competition.
While Demand is the first application to slam the GAC advice as a whole (a few others have submitted preliminary comments on specific subsets of advice), I'm certain it won't be the last.
That said, .secure applicant Artemis Internet submitted what is possibly the most amusing example of "sucking up" I've ever seen in an ICANN public comment period.
The company actually requests to be added to the list of strings covered by the GAC advice on the grounds that its application was so gosh-darn wonderful it already planned to do all that stuff anyway.
I expect, by the time the comment period closes next Tuesday the prevailing mood from applicants will be more Demand and less Artemis.
Could this be ICANN's most important public comment period ever?
Kevin Murphy, April 24, 2013, Domain Policy
How much power should governments have over the domain name industry? Should the industry be held responsible for the actions of its customers? Are domain names the way to stop crime?
These are some of the questions likely to be addressed during ICANN's latest public comment period, which could prove to be one of the most important consultations it's ever launched.
ICANN wants comments on governmental advice issued during the Beijing meeting two weeks ago, which sought to impose a broad regulatory environment on new gTLD registries.
According to this morning's announcement:
[ICANN's Board New gTLD Committee] has directed staff to solicit comment on how it should address one element of the advice: safeguards applicable to broad categories of New gTLD strings. Accordingly, ICANN seeks public input on how the Board New gTLD Committee should address section IV.1.b and Annex I of the GAC Beijing Communiqué.
Annex 1 of the Beijing communique is the bit in which the GAC told ICANN to impose sweeping new rules on new gTLD registries. It's only a few pages long, but that's because it contains a shocking lack of detail.
For all new gTLDs, the GAC wants ICANN to:
Apply a set of abuse "safeguards" to all new gTLDs, including mandatory annual Whois accuracy audits. Domain names found to use false Whois would be suspended by the registry.
Force all registrants in new gTLDs to provide an abuse point of contact to the registry.
Make registries responsible for adjudicating complaints about copyright infringement and counterfeiting, suspending domains if they decide (how, it's not clear) that laws are being broken.
For the 385 gTLD applications deemed to represent "regulated or professional sectors", the GAC wants ICANN to:
Reject the application unless the applicant partners with an appropriate industry trade association. New gTLDs such as .game, .broadway and .town could only be approved if they had backing from "relevant regulatory, or industry self-regulatory, bodies" for gaming, theater and towns, for example.
Make the registries responsible for policing registrants' compliance with financial and healthcare data security laws.
Force registries to include references to organic farming legislation in their terms of service.
For gTLD strings related to "financial, gambling, professional services, environmental, health and fitness, corporate identifiers, and charity" the GAC wants even more restrictions.
Essentially, it's told ICANN that a subset of the strings in those categories (it didn't say which ones) should only be operated as restricted gTLDs, a little like .museum or .post are today.
It probably wouldn't be possible for a poker hobbyist to register a .poker domain in order to blog about his victories and defeats, for example, unless they had a license from an appropriate gambling regulator.
Attempting to impose last-minute rules on applicants appears to reverse one of the GAC's longstanding GAC Principles Regarding New gTLDs, dating back to 2007, which states:
All applicants for a new gTLD registry should therefore be evaluated against transparent and predictable criteria, fully available to the applicants prior to the initiation of the process. Normally, therefore, no subsequent addition selection criteria should be used in the selection process.
The Beijing communique also asks ICANN to reconsider allowing singular and plural versions of the same string to coexist, and says "closed generic" or "exclusive access" single-registrant gTLDs must serve a public interest purpose or be rejected.
There's a lot of stuff to think about in the communique.
But ICANN's post-Beijing problem isn't whether it should accept the GAC's advice, it's to first figure out what the hell the GAC is actually asking for.
Take this bit, for example:
Registry operators will require that registrants who collect and maintain sensitive health and financial data implement reasonable and appropriate security measures commensurate with the offering of those services, as defined by applicable law and recognized industry standards.
This one paragraph alone raises a whole bunch of extremely difficult questions.
How would registry operators identify which registrants are handling sensitive data? If .book has a million domains, how would the registry know which are used to sell books and which are just reviewing them?
How would the registries "require" adherence to data security laws? Is it just a case of paying lip service in the terms of service, or do they have to be more proactive?
What's a "reasonable and appropriate security measure"? Should a .doctor site that provides access to healthcare information have the same security as one that merely allows appointments to be booked? What about a .diet site that knows how fat all of its users are? How would a registry differentiate between these use cases?
Which industry standards are applicable here? Which data security laws? From which country? What happens if the laws of different nations conflict with each other?
If a registry receives a complaint about non-compliance, how on earth does the registry figure out if the complaint is valid? Do they have to audit the registrant's security practices?
What should happen if a registrant does not comply with these laws or industry standards? Does its domain get taken away? One would assume so, but the GAC, for some reason, doesn't say.
The ICANN community could spend five years discussing these questions, trying to build a framework for registries to police security compliance, and not come to any consensus.
The easier answer is of course: it's none of ICANN's business.
Is it ICANN's job to govern how web sites securely store and transmit healthcare data? I sure hope not.
And those are just the questions raised by one paragraph.
The Beijing communique as a whole is a perplexing, frustrating mess of ideas that seems to have been hastily cobbled together from a governmental wish-list of fixes for perceived problems with the internet.
It lacks detail, which suggests it lacks thought, and it's going to take a long time for the community to discuss, even as many affected new gTLD applicants thought they were entering the home stretch.
Underlying everything, however, is the question of how much weight the GAC's advice — which is almost always less informed than advice from any other stakeholder group — should carry.
ICANN CEO Fadi Chehade and chair Steve Crocker have made many references recently to the "multi-stakeholder model" actually being the "multi-equal-stakeholder model".
This new comment period is the first opportunity the other stakeholders get to put this to the test.
ICANN starts the clock on new gTLD GAC advice
The over 500 new gTLD applicants affected by Governmental Advisory Committee advice on their bids have 21 days from today to file their responses officially with ICANN.
But there's still some confusion about who exactly is expected to file responses, given the extraordinary breadth of the advice contained within the GAC's Beijing communique.
ICANN today put applicants on formal notice of the publication of the Beijing communique, which actually came out a week ago, and said applicants have until May 10 to respond to the ICANN board.
What it didn't do is say which applicants are affected. Technically, it could be all of them.
The Beijing communique contains six "safeguards" related to things such as abuse and security, which it said "should apply to all new gTLDs".
On a more granular level, the GAC has called out, we believe, 517 individual applications that should not be approved or that should not be approved unless they do what the GAC says.
The Beijing communique, it could be argued, throws the whole new gTLD program into disarray, and this is the first chance applicants will get to put their views directly in writing to the ICANN board.
GAC threat looms over ICANN Beijing
Kevin Murphy, April 8, 2013, Domain Policy
How the Governmental Advisory Committee handles its advice on new gTLD applications seems to be a big worry at the ICANN public meeting in Beijing this week.
During a session yesterday, new gTLD program vice president Christine Willett was peppered with questions about the approval process going forward, many of which related to the GAC.
There's also a lot of gossiping about which applications the GAC is thinking about delivering the kiss of death to, and what its advice will mean to the overall program timetable.
DI is not attending the Beijing meeting in person, but here's what I've learned from remote participation and talking to attendees:
Confusion over the GAC Advice standard
Judging by interactions during Willett's session, there may be a little bit of confusion about whether GAC Advice needs to be "consensus" GAC Advice in order to halt a new gTLD application.
I think the confusion is mainly due to the way some people (Willett and myself included) use phrases such as "non-consensus GAC Advice" as shorthand for a particular paragraph of the Applicant Guidebook.
Here's the way I understand it:
All GAC Advice — including Advice sent on issues completely unrelated to the new gTLD program — is consensus GAC Advice.
If the GAC sends written Advice to the ICANN board, it means the GAC has reached consensus to send that Advice, even if the Advice itself reflects a lack of consensus on the specifics.
Confusion in the community is arising now because the Applicant Guidebook also talks about three types of "GAC Advice on New gTLDs", the first of which is:
The GAC advises ICANN that it is the consensus of the GAC that a particular application should not proceed. This will create a strong presumption for the ICANN Board that the application should not be approved.
That's describing a situation where the GAC has reached a consensus that an application should be rejected. It's going to sound the death knell for several applications, without doubt.
The second type of GAC Advice on New gTLDs in the Guidebook is:
The GAC advises ICANN that there are concerns about a particular application "dot-example." The ICANN Board is expected to enter into dialogue with the GAC to understand the scope of concerns. The ICANN Board is also expected to provide a rationale for its decision.
The language was written by the GAC, using its consensus model, which is why it's so badly worded.
What it means is that the GAC could not find consensus to kill off an application — some governments want it killed off, some don't — but that the GAC as a whole reached consensus to tell ICANN that some governments do want it killed off.
So when people talk about "non-consensus" Advice, we're referring to this second form of GAC Advice on New gTLDs, where the GAC could reached consensus to alert ICANN about "concerns" but could not reach consensus that the application should be taken outside and shot.
Which applications are going to get Advice?
The GAC stated last week that 20 applications had been put forward for specific review at the Beijing meeting.
From what I've been able to piece together from the GAC's public hints, its Early Warnings, and sources in Beijing, I think I've identified many of these applications.
I'm pretty certain that DotConnectAfrica's application for .africa is going to get killer Advice.
I'm not picking on DCA (disclosure: DCA accused me of being part of a racist conspiracy) but it is the only remaining applicant to comprehensively ignore ICANN's rules on geographic names.
It's also well-known that Amazon's application for .amazon (and translations), and Patagonia Inc's application for .patagonia, both of which were not captured by ICANN's rules on geography, are unloved by Latin American governments.
The Montevideo Declaration, signed by government ministers from the continent last week, specifically condemns any new gTLDs related to Amazonia and Patagonia.
It's difficult to see how the GAC could ignore the strength of this position, but it's always possible that some members may have been lobbied into submission by applicants, therefore spoiling consensus.
Other geographic strings that ICANN's rules did not identify as geographic may also face Advice.
It's known that .persiangulf, for example, is racially/culturally divisive because the same body of water is also known as the Arabian Gulf by Arab states in the region.
The Japanese government's Early Warning against .date (issued because there are two cities in Japan that, when translated into Latin characters, are called Date) is also believed to have been put forward for formal GAC Advice.
Outside of geographic names, I hear that .basketball and .rugby are also on the GAC's shortlist.
These are interesting cases because the governments with the beef (Greece and the UK) are not concerned about the strings themselves. Rather, they want to make sure their preferred applicant wins.
Both gTLDs are contested, and each contention set has one applicant backed by the official world authority for the sport concerned.
If the GAC issues Advice on either, it's putting itself in the position of picking winners and losers, which could make for some frenetic lobbying in future application rounds.
The application for .uno is believed to be under discussion in the GAC because it clashes with the acronym of an intergovernmental organization.
It also seems pretty certain that Demand Media's applications for .navy, .army and .airforce are going to get Advice in one form or another. The US, I gather, is adamant that these bids should be rejected at all costs.
How GAC Advice affects the timetable
Willett said yesterday that ICANN expects to receive the GAC's Advice this week, which should come as some relief to applicants given that the timing has always been a bit vague.
But it's still not clear what form the Advice will take.
Sure, there's bound to be some bits of Advice that call out specific applications for death-by-board, but there may also be Advice that addresses certain "categories" of application.
If that happens, and the GAC does not explicitly state which applications fall into which category, there's the potential for mass confusion following the Beijing meeting.
I raised this specter last week, and it cropped up again during Willett's session in Beijing yesterday.
What I forgot about last week, and what Willett was quizzed about yesterday, is that the Guidebook gives applicants with GAC Advice 21 days to respond to it before the ICANN board acts.
"I'm concerned that whereby the GAC Advice is such that it is all-encompassing and non-exhaustive that therefore all applicants must respond and all applicants are waiting another 21 days," ARI Registry Services CEO Adrian Kinderis asked. "No applicant can proceed, because they're all impacted."
"If that hypothetical situation occurs, I think that's possible," Willett responded.
I other words, if the GAC delivers broad advice this week that does not name specific applications, it's possible that every applicant would have 21 days to tell ICANN's board why they're not affected.
That would completely balls up ICANN's plan to sign its first registry agreements on April 23.
NTIA fights Big Content's corner, tells ALL new gTLD applicants to submit PICs
Kevin Murphy, February 26, 2013, Domain Policy
The National Telecommunications and Information Administration said today that all new gTLD applicants, even those that have not already been hit by government warnings, should submit Public Interest Commitments to ICANN.
In a rare comment sent to an ICANN public forum today, the NTIA suggested that applicants should use the process to help combat counterfeiting and piracy.
The agency, the part of the US Department of Commerce that oversees ICANN and participates in its Governmental Advisory Committee, said (emphasis in original):
NTIA encourages all applicants for new gTLDs to take advantage of this opportunity to address the concerns expressed by the GAC in its Toronto Communique, the individual early warnings issued by GAC members, and the ICANN public comment process on new gTLDs, as appropriate.
PICs were introduced by ICANN earlier this month as a way for applicants to voluntarily add binding commitments — for example, a promise to restrict their gTLD to a certain user base — to their registry contracts.
The idea is to let applicants craft and agree to stick to special terms they think will help them avoid receiving objections from the GAC, GAC members and others.
NTIA said that applicants should pay special attention in their PICs to helping out the "creative sector".
Specifically, this would entail "ensuring that WHOIS data is verified, authentic and publicly accessible".
They should also "consider providing an enforceable guaranty that the domain name will only be used for licensed and legitimate activities", NTIA said, adding:
NTIA believes that these new tools may help in the fight against online counterfeiting and piracy and is particularly interested in seeing applicants commit to these or similar safeguards.
The PICs idea isn't going down too well in the applicant community, judging by other submissions this week.
The Registries Stakeholder Group of ICANN, for example, says its members are feeling almost "blackmailed" into submitting PICs, saying the timing is "completely unreasonable".
As DI noted when PICs was first announced, applicants have been given until just March 5 to submit their commitments, raising serious questions about the timetable for objections and GAC advice.
The RySG has even convened a conference call for March 4 to discuss the proposal, which it says "contains so many serious and fundamental flaws that it should be withdrawn in
its entirety".
GAC Early Warnings just got a whole lot more important
Kevin Murphy, January 18, 2013, Domain Policy
ICANN will let new gTLD applicants change their applications in order to respond to the concerns of governments, it has emerged.
Changes to applications made as a result of Early Warnings made by the Governmental Advisory Committee "would in all likelihood be permitted", ICANN chair Steve Crocker informed the GAC this week.
ICANN is also looking at ways to make these changes enforceable in the respective applicants' registry contracts.
Combined, the two bits of news confirm that the GAC will have greater power over new gTLD business models than previously anticipated.
The revelations came in the ICANN board of directors' official response to GAC advice emerging from last October's Toronto meeting.
After Toronto, the GAC had asked ICANN whether applicants would be able to change their applications in response to Early Warnings, and whether the changes made would be binding.
In response, Crocker told his GAC counterpart, Heather Dryden, that ICANN already has a procedure for approving or denying application change requests.
The process "balances" a number of criteria, including whether the changes would impact competing applicants or change the applicant's evaluation score, but it's not at all clear how ICANN internally decides whether to approve a request or not. So far, none have been denied.
Crocker told Dryden:
It is not possible to generalize as to whether change requests resulting from early warnings would be permitted in all instances. But if such requests are intended solely to address the "range of specific issues" listed on page 3 of the Toronto Communique, and do not otherwise conflict with the change request criteria noted above, then such request would in all likelihood be permitted.
The "range of specific issues" raised in the Toronto advice (pdf) are broad enough to cover pretty much every Early Warning:
Strings that are linked to regulated market sectors, such as the financial, health and charity sectors
Competition issues
Strings that have broad or multiple uses or meanings, and where one entity is seeking exclusive use
Religious terms where the applicant has no, or limited, support from the relevant religious organisations or the religious community
Minimising the need for defensive registrations
Protection of geographic names
Intellectual property rights particularly in relation to strings aimed at the distribution of music, video and other digital material
The relationship between new gTLD applications and all applicable legislation
Some Early Warnings, such as many filed against gTLD bids that would represent regulated industries such as finance and law, ask applicants to improve their abuse mitigation measures.
To avoid receiving potential lethal GAC Advice this April, such applicants were asked to improve their rights protection mechanisms and anti-abuse procedures.
In some cases, changes to these parts of the applications could — feasibly — impact the evaluation score.
The GAC also made it clear in Toronto that it expects that commitments made in applications — including commitments in changes made as a result of Early Warnings — should be enforceable by ICANN.
This is a bit of a big deal. It refers to Question 18 in the new gTLD application, which was introduced late at the request of the GAC and covers the "mission/purpose" of the applied-for gTLD.
Answers to Question 18 are not scored as part of the new gTLD evaluation, and many applicants took it as an invitation to waffle about how awesome they plan to be.
Now it seems possible they they could be held to that waffle.
Crocker told Dryden (with my emphasis):
The New gTLD Program does not currently provide a mechanism to adopt binding contractual terms incorporating applicant statements and commitment and plans set forth within new gTLD applications or arising from early warning discussions between applicants and governments. To address concerns raised by the GAC as well as other stakeholders, staff are developing possible mechanisms for consideration by the Board New gTLD Committee. That Committee will discuss the staff proposals during the upcoming Board Workshop, 31 Janaury – 2 February.
In other words, early next month we could see some new mechanisms for converting Question 18 blah into enforceable contractual commitments that new gTLD registries will have to abide be.
Fight over new sports gTLDs gets real ugly
Kevin Murphy, January 10, 2013, Domain Registries
The battle for contested new gTLDs .rugby and .basketball is turning nasty.
Roar Domains, a New Zealand marketing firm whose gTLD applications are backed by the official international bodies for both sports, is promising to pull out all the stops to kill off its competition.
The company, which is partnered with Minds + Machines on both bids, has told rival portfolio applicant Donuts that it will attack its applications for the two TLDs on at least three fronts.
Notably, Roar wants Donuts disqualified from the entire new gTLD program, and plans to lobby to have Donuts fail its background check.
The company told Donuts last month:
while we have no desire to join the chorus of voices speaking out against Donuts, it is incumbent on us to pursue the automatic disqualification of Applicant Guidebook Section 1.2.1, and every opposition and objection process available to us.
Applicant Guidebook section 1.2.1 deals with background checks.
Donuts came under more scrutiny than most on these grounds during the new gTLDs public comment period last year due to its co-founders being involved at the sharp end of domain investment over the last decade.
Demand Media and eNom, where founder Paul Stahura was a senior executive, have lost many UDRP cases over the years.
A mystery lawyer who refuses to disclose his clients started pursuing Donuts last August, saying the company is "unsuited and ineligible to participate in the new gTLD program."
Separate (pseudonymous?) public comments fingered a former Donuts director for allegedly cybersquatting the Olympics and Disney.
While Roar has not claimed responsibility for these specific previous attacks, it certainly seems to be planning something similar in future.
In addition, Roar and International Rugby Board, which supports Roar's application for .rugby, say they plan to official objections with ICANN about rival .rugby bids.
The IRB told Donuts, in a letter shortly before Christmas:
As the global representative of the sport and the only applicant vested with the trust and representation of the rugby community, we are unquestionably the rightful steward of .RUGBY.
Without the support of the global rugby community your commercialization efforts for .RUGBY will be thwarted. We are also preparing an objection to file against your application in accordance with ICANN rules to which you will be required to dedicate resources to formulate a response.
Roar and the IRB are also both lobbying members of ICANN's Governmental Advisory Committee, which has the power to file potentially decisive GAC Advice against any application.
Roar told Donuts recently:
Roar serves as the voice and arm for FIBA [the International Basketball Federation] and IRB in the New gTLD area. We are pleased to have obtained four Early Warnings on behalf of our applications, and fully expect the GAC process to be completed to GAC Advice.
The Early Warnings against the two other .rugby applicants were filed by the UK government — the only warnings it filed — while Greece warned the two non-Roar .basketball applicants.
Roar is also involved with the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) on its .basketball bid.
While commercial interests obviously play a huge role, there's a philosophical disagreement at the heart of these fights that could be encapsulated in the following question:
Should new gTLDs only be delegated to companies and organizations most closely affiliated with those strings?
In response to the UK's Early Warning, Donut has written to UK GAC representative Mark Carvell asking for face-to-face talks and making the case for a "neutral" registry provider for .rugby.
Donuts told Carvell:
We believe gTLDs should be run safely and securely, and in a manner that is fair to all law-abiding registrants, not only those predetermined as eligible. A neutral third party, such as Donuts, can be best capable of achieving this outcome.
Donuts believes a neutral operator is better able to ensure that the gTLD reflects the full diversity of opinion and content of all Internet users who are interested in the term "rugby."
As the IRB is a powerful voice in rugby, an IRB‐managed registry might not be neutral in its operations, raising questions about its ability to impartially oversee the gTLD. For example, will IRB/Roar chill free speech by censoring content adversarial to their interests? How would they treat third parties who are interested in rugby but aren't part of the IRB? What about IRB critics or potential rival leagues?
Despite these questions, no .rugby applicant has said it plans to operate a restricted registry. There are no applications for .basketball or .rugby designated as "Community" bids.
The IRB/Roar application specifically states "anyone can register a .rugby domain name."
Both .basketball and .rugby are contested by Roar (FIBA/IRB/M+M), Donuts (via subsidiaries) and portfolio applicant Domain Venture Partners (aka Famous Four Media, also via subsidiaries).
Roar is a sports marketing agency that is also involved in bids for .baseball, .soccer, .football and .futbol. The New Zealand national team football captain, Ryan Nelsen, is on its board.
Here are the letters (pdf).
GAC Early Warnings confirmed for today. Here's what I expect to see
Kevin Murphy, November 20, 2012, Domain Policy
ICANN's Governmental Advisory Committee is ready to send out its Early Warnings on new gTLD applications today as scheduled, ICANN has confirmed.
The Early Warnings, which highlight applications that individual GAC members have problems with, are expected to be sent by the GAC to applicants and published by ICANN later.
Because the warnings are expected to be issued by individual governments, rather than the GAC as a whole, we could wind up seeing hundreds, due to multiple governments objecting to the same applications.
However, some governments may have decided to be conservative for precisely the same reason.
Governments won't be able to hide behind the cloak of "GAC Advice", as they did when .xxx was up for approval last year; the names of the governments will be on the warnings.
That's not to say there won't necessarily be safety in numbers. It's possible that some warnings will be explicitly supported by multiple governments, potentially complicating applicant responses.
But which countries will provide warnings?
I'd be surprised if the US, as arguably the most vocal GAC player, does not issue some. Likewise, the regulation-happy European Commission could be a key objector.
It's also my understanding that Australia has a raft of concerns about various applications, and has been leading much of the back-room discussion among GAC members.
Going out on a limb slightly, I'm expecting to see the warnings from Western nations concentrating largely on regulated industries, IP protection and defensive registrations.
We're likely to see warnings about .bank and .sucks, for examples, from these governments. To a certain extent, any non-Community applications that could be seen as representing an industry could be at risk.
On the "morality" front, indications from ICANN's public comment period are that Saudi Arabia has a great many problems with strings that represent religious concepts, and with strings that appear to endorse behavior inconsistent with Islamic law, such as alcohol and gambling.
But last time I checked Saudi Arabia was not a member of the GAC. It remains to be seen whether similar concerns will be raised by other governments that are members.
The one Early Warning we can guarantee to emerge is against .patagonia, the application from a US clothing retailer that shares its name with a region of South America.
The Argentinian government has explicitly said it will issue a warning against this bid, and I expect it to garner significant support from other GAC members.
The GAC Early Warnings stand to cause significant headaches for applicants, many of which are gearing up for a four-day US Thanksgiving weekend.
After receiving a warning, applicants have just 21 days to decide whether to withdraw their bid — receiving an 80% refund of their $185,000 application fee — or risk a formal GAC Advice objection next year.
But that's not even half of the problem.
The GAC has indicated that it wants to be able to, effectively, negotiate with new gTLD applicants over the details of their applications after issuing its warnings.
At the Toronto meeting last month, the GAC asked ICANN to explain:
the extent to which applicants will be able to modify their applications as a result of early warnings.
[and]
how ICANN will ensure that any commitments made by applicants, in their applications or as a result of any subsequent changes, will be overseen and enforced by ICANN.
ICANN has not yet responded to these inquiries and it does not expect to do so until Thursday.
The fact is that ICANN has for a long time said that it does not intend to allow any applicant to make any material changes to their applications after submission. This was to avoid gaming.
It has since relaxed that view somewhat, by introducing a change request mechanism that has so far processed about 30 changes, some of which (such as .dotafrica and .banque) were highly material.
Whether ICANN will extend this process to allow applicants to significantly alter their applications in order to calm the fears of governments remains to be seen.
Whatever happens this even, many new gTLD applicants are entering unknown territory.
GAC gets more power to block controversial gTLDs
While the new version of ICANN's new generic top-level domains Applicant Guidebook contains mostly tweaks, there's a pretty big change for those filing "controversial" applications.
The Guidebook now grants the Governmental Advisory Committee greater powers to block gTLD applications based on minority government views.
ICANN has adopted poorly-written, ambiguous text approved by the GAC at its meeting in Dakar last October, which lowers the threshold required to force the ICANN board to consider GAC advice.
The changes essentially mean that it's now much easier for the GAC to force the ICANN board to the negotiating table if a small number of governments object to a gTLD application.
In the September Guidebook, a GAC consensus objection was needed to force the ICANN board to manually approve controversial applications. Now, it appears that only a single country needs to object.
This is the relevant text:
Applications for .gay, of which there are expected to be at least two, will almost certainly fall into this category.
If you're applying for a potentially controversial gTLD, you can thank the GAC for the fact that your road to approval is now considerably less predictable.
It's also worth bearing in mind that the GAC is allowed to file an objection based on any aspect of the application – not just the chosen string.
So, for example, if you're applying for .bank or .pharma and your application falls short of one government's expected consumer safeguards, you may also see a GAC "concerns" objection.
In cases where the GAC objects to an application, the ICANN board of directors does have the ability to overrule that objection, if it provides its rationale, much as it did with .xxx.
However, .xxx was a special case, and ICANN today is under a regime much friendlier to the GAC and much more nervous about the international political environment than it was 12 months ago.
Make no mistake: GAC Advice on New gTLDs will carry weight.
This table compares the types of GAC Advice described in the Applicant Guidebook published in September with the one published last night.
It should also be noted that since Dakar the GAC has defined consensus as "the practice of adopting decisions by general agreement in the absence of any formal objection".
In other words, if some GAC members push for a GAC consensus objection against a given gTLD, other GAC members would have to formally object to that proposed objection in order to prevent the minority view becoming consensus.
It's a pretty low threshold. The .gay applicants, among others, are going to have a nerve-wracking time.


2017 DY TOYS Penguin Race. 14.5" slide set. These flightless arctic penguins climb up the stairs and glide down the slide. Great attention getter. Box size: 9"Lx 3"W x 12.75"H. Requires one "D" battery (not included). Requires some simple assembly; no tools necessary.


text:
Pressure Gradients, Storm Tracks and
Wind Velocity
Wolf Read
There is a pressure gradient when two locations show a difference in barometric readings. The strength of the gradient is the difference in pressure between the two stations. Figure 1, below, shows some of the standard measures of pressure gradient in the Pacific Northwest. This is by no means all--a measure of gradient can be established between any two locations that have barometers. The gradient lines shown are strictly along a south-north axis, the critical direction when measuring the potential for high winds in most windstorms. West-east gradients can be important, too, especially measures from Portland to The Dalles, which can determine the strength of easterly and westerly winds through the Columbia River Gorge.
Two graphs included in the figure show a light-wind and strong-wind scenario for the Pacific Coast. It is useful to imagine the line drawn between the pressure readings for each station as a track. Set a virtual ball at the high end of the track, and allow it to roll "downhill". The steeper the angle, the faster the ball accelerates, and the faster the ball will move against the forces of friction, which would act to stabilize the rate of travel at some point (terminal velocity), if the ramp were long enough.
The units used to report gradient are millibars, abbreviated mb, which are close to being thousandth-units of one standard atmosphere. Sometimes, "atmosphere" is also referred to as a "bar." For converting to English measure, one millibar is about 0.02953 inches. Pressure readings from the south are typically subtracted from those to the north. This yields positive numbers ("positive gradient") when a gradient is produced by higher pressure over southern stations, and a lower pressure over the north lands, which creates southerly winds--the scenario that is typically found during Pacific Northwest windstorms. Negative numbers ("negative gradient") imply higher pressure over the northern stations, and, generally, north winds result.
In terms of actual numbers, for the coast, a positive gradient between OTH and UIL of 9-12 mb can generate strong winds of 30-45 mph, provided other conditions are present, such as a fairly progressive storm, and/or strong winds are flowing in the middle-levels of the atmosphere, say at the 850 to 700 mb level (about 5,000-8,000 feet). The 9-12 range is, roughly, a minimum gradient for high winds along the beaches. Gradients of 18-24 mb are typically seen during moderate to strong windstorms with wind gusts up into to 50-70 mph range along headlands. And the major windstorms, such as the Columbus Day Storm which threw 120-140 mph winds ashore in Oregon, produce gradients as high as 25-30 mb, and even higher. Inland, for the EUG to PDX measure, a positive gradient of 1.0-3.0 mb is often seen during the average winter storm with blustery winds in the 15-30 mph range. Gradients of 3.1-6.0 mb can result in moderate to strong windstorms, with winds of 25-40 mph, sometimes 30-50 mph. Occasionally, quite damaging winds accompany storms at the low end of this gradient range, such as on February 24, 1961, when prefrontal southerly winds elevated to 54 mph gusting to 72 at Eugene, with a maximum gradient of a mere 3.3 mb. It seems that, in this case, there was a fast low-to-mid level jetstream supporting the front, and this mixed down to the surface in the Eugene area. The unusually strong winds were local: Salem and Portland had peak gusts to 31 and 36 respectively, much more typical of level of gradient on that day. The major windstorms, with winds of 40-60 mph and higher, such as Columbus Day 1962, tend to produce gradients of 8.0-11.0 mb between EUG and PDX. A max gradient of 9.0-10.0 mb is a fairly consistent occurrence during the big storms, turning up in almost every major event, and is here referred to as the "sweet spot." Because of similar distances between the stations, gradient categories for MDF-EUG, PDX-SEA and SEA-BLI have similar ranges, if but a millibar to two up or down, due to some variance in the straight-line distance between the different measures.
As suggested by the February 24, 1961 whole gale at Eugene, steep gradient isn't the only feature that can contribute to high winds in synoptic-scale storms. Other factors, which are present to varying degrees in the big cyclones, also aid the development of high winds. Storms that move slowly don't tend to produce winds as strong as those that progress quickly. This has to do, in part, with the fact that the speed of the entire system adds to surface wind velocity, provided the storm is moving in the right direction (see below). Upper air conditions, as mentioned before, play a big part. Often, strong gusts at the surface are the result of turbulence mixing down winds from the lower to middle atmosphere. If airflow is not that strong upstairs, then there's little to give the surface flow an extra boost. Winds at the 850 mb level typically have to be at least 45-65 knots for damaging gusts to result at the surface. "Surface flow," by the way, is typically defined as the wind conditions below about 3,000 feet, but this can vary depending on the average height of local terrain features.
The actual orientation of the gradient with respect to local geography is important. Just because the gradient measure is on a south-north axis doesn't mean that the pressure fields, as delineated by isobaric lines (more on isobars immediately below), are arranged perfectly perpendicular to that axis. When the axis of gradient isn't south to north in the Pacific Northwest, surface winds tend to be reduced. This has to do, in part, with the south-to-north trending mountain ranges.
The coastal and inland mountains act as a sort of "mega-funnel" for air flowing along the south-to-north axis at the surface. Wind has a tendency to "follow the gradient" in a storm out to sea, where there aren't very large barriers to airflow. Following-the-gradient means that airflow generally moves along, or follows, areas of equal pressure. On weather maps, these areas of equal pressure are often drawn as roughly circular lines, called isobars, around the low pressure center, and are typically delineated in millibars. The airflow has a slight curvature toward the low pressure center, but this is minor. Airflow that follows the gradient is also called geostrophic wind. When a low nears shore, as in Figure 2, below, the isobars start to cut across mountain ranges, and the airflow following the isobars is impeded by the terrain. If a low moves ashore along the Olympic Peninsula of Washington, the isobars stack up nearly perpendicular to the axis of the mountain ranges south of the center. Surface wind, in response to the imbalance created by the lower pressure to the north, will flow northward though the valleys toward the low center. In essence, this airflow is moving about 90° from the typical path of wind in a storm out to sea. The air is flowing across the gradient lines. This is called "jumping the gradient," or ageostrophic wind. The scenario just presented is the perfect one. More typically, the isobars are not stacked exactly perpendicular along the mountain ranges, but have a tilt, usually southeast to northwest ahead of a system moving in from the southwest. This results in a southeast airflow at the surface that is impeded somewhat by terrain, and therefore the gradient does not achieve its highest potential wind velocity. Southwest winds are typically produced by tilts of a northwest to southeast direction found in the southwest quadrant of the low. With offshore lows, the isobars can parallel the mountain ranges--in this instance, airflow moves westward (an east wind), and tends to pour through mountain gaps like the Columbia River Gorge. Valley locations not downwind of these gaps usually experience light winds at these times, whereas places that are exposed, like Portland, tend to get strong east winds ahead of incoming cyclones.
During the landfall of a small, but intense, cyclone on February 7, 2002, a gradient of 10 mb between EUG and PDX resulted--this was a half millibar higher than the gradient produced by the Columbus Day Storm, which kicked up gusts as high as 116 mph in Portland. However, winds at Portland only reached 31 mph during the 2002 storm. What happened? The 2002 event demonstrates a resolution limitation with standard gradient measures. As shown in the hypothetical scenarios depicted in Figure 3, below, a low center can pass close to, but still south of, a northern station, and yield a strong positive gradient. The low's exact position is "hidden" by the rough resolution of official stations. The fact that the northern station is actually in the north sector of the low can be revealed by noting winds, which are typically light and northerly, which brings the discussion to storm tracks.
Storm Tracks
The path that a cyclone follows strongly determines where the storm's damaging winds will occur. Indeed, a low's track can have a larger effect on wind velocity at a particular location than pressure gradient. Because of this fact, two broad categories of storms result from the paths that they follow: 1) land-falling systems, which tend to have their high winds confined to an area equivalent to part of a state, and 2) recurving systems that skirt the coast, which can strongly affect several states.
Pacific cyclones have made direct landfalls on every part of the Pacific Northwest coast. With a land-falling low, the strongest winds are usually more localized, and are confined to the south side of the low's track. Figure 4, below, plots five idealized tracks that northeast-tracking cyclones can take. The Northwest is broken down into 12 wind zones. Zones typically affected by damaging winds when an intense cyclone follows a path similar to the ones illustrated are indicated under the track. When a representative storm from history roughly meets the characteristics of one of the paths, and is detailes on another webpage, then it is listed above the track. Storm names are either pulled from history, such as "Storm King" and "Olympic Blowdown," or from a hat.
The highest winds tend to follow the south side of a landfalling low, and, as discussed above, are typically from a south direction, often from 170° to 210°, that carries the air approximately toward the low's center. The immediate south quadrants are usually the area of steepest gradient. For very intense systems, this often does not extend beyond 50 to 100 miles from the center. Outside that range, winds decrease markedly, though areas favored for high winds due to unique topography can still get a heavy blast. Gradients are often less steep north of the low, and generally do not produce a damaging north gale. This goes beyond a shallower gradient. There's typically a lack of upper-air jet support for north winds. Also, cyclones often have a north component to their motion, and this speed is subtracted from surface airflow. For example, if a low is tracking northeast at 40 mph, its northward vector is about 28 mph (with a west vector also of 28 mph). That 28 mph subtracts from the average windspeed in the north sector. If the gradient, and other conditions, are present for a sustained 40 mph gale, the 28 mph north vector reduces southward-trending airflow (north winds) to a mere 12 mph. However, on the south side of the low, the storm's northward vector of motion is added to the northward-moving airflow (south winds), making 40 mph potentially 68!
Generally speaking, the further north the cyclone's path, the more often it is traveled. Landfalls from North Vancouver Island to the Queen Charlottes are winter's normal progeny, and happen every year, often many times. Though these two classes of storms can produce a good winter gale in Western Washington, and sometimes in Oregon, especially along the coastline, the winds don't often reach the extreme range of interest. For these reasons, no such storm is examined in this volume. The reader is encouraged to watch these cold high-latitude lows unfold during the Northwest's winter season. This will reveal plenty of information on these events. However, keep in mind that the south-of-the-track rule for high winds applies even to a "Queen Charlotte special"; for parts of the British Columbia Coast and Vancouver Island, these storms can and do produce very fast winds.
Landfalls from central Vancouver Island southward tend to beget windstorms in the region examined on this webstie, and this is where webpages on specific storm types exist. Depending on just how the low tracks, various regions are affected severely, while others are spared. Storms landing in lower Vancouver Island tend to produce blustery winds in all regions, as the entire area falls south of the low's track, and damaging winds in the northern zones. As the track is moved ever further south, the area of damaging south winds goes with it, and the number of map zones that experience strong winds decreases. However, other events happen on the low's north side: often intense rain and/or snow, especially for regions to the northeast of the low, and blustery west to northwest winds, which can yield near-blizzard conditions. This combination of features, and the regions affected by them, can be used to define the specific classes of landfalling windstorms listed on the map: Olympic Blowdown, Storm King, South Valley Surprise.
The recurving class of windstorm is not depicted on the map, for reasons of visual clarity. This does not mean they are of lesser importance. The opposite is probably true. When conditions are right, these storms tend to develop between 130-160° west longitude, and 35-40° north latitude. Cyclogenesis can be very rapid. Typically, the bombing disturbance moves east to east-northeast toward the western United States. Far ahead of these vast systems, air starts to jump the gradient among the mountainous terrain of western North America. Airflow down the valleys, which draws from higher pressure fields to the south, is itself a developing tongue of high pressure at the surface. This zone of high pressure often shoots northward at enough of a clip to act as a block to the storm, and force a northward curve to the low's path. To borrow a hurricane term, the cyclone is forced to "recurve."
Most deep lows--even land-falling ones--have a tendency to undertake some level of curve northward as they near shore. A select few, however, bend their paths enough to move roughly parallel the coastline-here termed the recurving lows. When a "recurver" happens while the low center is east of about 130° west longitude, a severe blow can be carried across northern California, western Oregon and Washington (sometimes the whole states), and southern British Columbia. This is especially the case when a cyclone races just a short distance offshore, such as with the Columbus Day Storm of 1962. Because recurvers tend to affect a large region, they also tend to cause the most property damage. These major sou'westers have been given a number of names throughout history, including these book and news media titles: West Coast Disaster, Big Blow and Big Blast.
The "Big Three" covered extensively on this website, October 1962, November 1981, and December 1995, are of the recurving type, though the latter one made landfall on Washington's Olympic Peninsula. To pin a specific, yet arbitrary, figure on this kind of windstorm, the track must be oriented between 0 and 35 degrees for at least three hours, and the low center must stay offshore at least to the latitude of Seattle, about 47.5° north, with a landfall on Vancouver Island preferred. By these terms, December 1995 is a marginal recurver, and almost classes as an Olympic Blowdown direct landfall-type system.
The size of a cyclone also factors into how large an area it will affect. The Big Three were all titanic cyclones, with intense frontal systems that reached far from the parent low centers, and stretched deep into the western United States as the lows raced northward. More compact systems that follow similar tracks wouldn't yield the same kind of results.
The Columbus Day "Big Blow", though it is grouped with these recurving events and is the most intense example, is too unique to be considered the archetype of this class. Arguments can be made (and have been) that place the 1962 tempest in a grouping all its own. The November 14, 1981 windstorm is probably a better "typical" example, if one is to be had.
Cyclone Quadrants
Because of the way air swings around a cyclone it can be useful to divide a cyclone into four quadrants: NW, NE, SE and SW, as depicted in Figure 5, below. This can help with the understanding of local wind conditions during a storm. The reported wind directions are for land-based locations.
Northwest Quadrant
NNW to WNW winds, cool to cold, sometimes with lowland snowfall, sleet, hail, especially along bent-back occlusion. How much frozen precipitation depends, in part, on the time of year the storm strikes.
Northeast Quadrant
NE to SE winds, usually light, but can be strong at mountain passes. Cool, sometimes cold around river drainages, which allow frigid, dry air from east of the Cascades to trickle westward. Increasing precipitation from "over-the-shoulder" moisture as low approaches, usually light rain, though can be snow in places, and can get heavy near along the frontal boundary.
Southeast Quadrant
SE to S winds, sometimes very strong and damaging, warm, as warmer air fields are advected northward in this sector of the storm. Precipitation, almost always rain up to fairly high elevations, can be heavy under ideal low-level jet conditions, especially on SW to S facing mountain slopes.
Southwest Quadrant
Usually W to SW winds, mild, often with gusty post-frontal showers which can be intense. Damaging S-SSW winds can occur immdiately south of the low center for land-based stations, when cyclone is strong. In the right gradient conditions, a W to SW-erly high wind event can also occur in this quadrant, a considerable time after the low has passed--this is not uncommon for the Puget Lowlands region.
The "NW Jump" Signature on Meteograms
Another way to look at conditions south and north of a low's track is depicted in Figure 6, below. The key signature for a station that ends up north of a low's track is the wind shift from NE to NW, which makes a sharp jump on the wind direction trace in the meteograms. For a station south of the low's center, a wind shift from SE to SW is typical, which makes a more gradual climb on a meteogram's wind direction trace.
You can reach Wolf via e-mail by clicking here.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Pitbull Mom Coffee Mug... "Happiness is beeing a Pitbull Mom"
Standard Poodle Puppy - They're so cute with their coat like this!
Cooper is a real gentleman!!!
Tips for keeping your patriotic pets safe this 4th of July!
the-absolute-best-photography: You have to follow this blog, it's really awesome!
Yellow Labrador Retriever : magnifique!!


The University of the Pacific named Ryan Garko head coach of the Tigers baseball team, as the former big leaguer accepted the position Tuesday in Stockton.
San Joaquin County Public Health Officer, Dr. Alvaro Garza, confirmed that a 70 year old male living in Manteca is the first human with West Nile Virus (WNV) infection in San Joaquin County this year. So far this year, at least four other counties have reported four other cases of WNV in humans.
Paul Dassenko, a 1982 graduate of University of the Pacific McGeorge School of Law in Sacramento and an international arbitrator, has been elected to the university's Board of Regents.
What is a Peacekeeper? Who are they? What do they do? These are questions frequently asked of the City of Stockton Office of Violence Prevention. To highlight the Peacekeepers and the work they do, the Office of Violence Prevention (OVP) has developed a series of videos to help answer these questions.
The Code Enforcement Symposium will bring together advocates and professionals from across the San Joaquin Valley to explore current code enforcement strategies being used throughout the San Joaquin Valley, and the resources available to support and grow its work. The Symposium will be held on Wednesday, July 26 from 10:00 am to 3:00 pm at the University of the Pacific Vereschagin Alumni House in Stockton, CA. It is co-hosted by the San Joaquin Valley Housing Collaborative, Office of Community and Economic Development at Fresno State, and the California Coalition for Rural Housing.
Two more seeds were eliminated from qualifiers on day two of the Stockton Challenger at the Eve Zimmerman Tennis Center on Monday, leaving just four remaining as we head to the final round. Eight total finalists will cap off the qualifying round tomorrow, July 18th as they eye the four spots in the Tournament's main draw, which also begins tomorrow.
School aged children in San Joaquin County are about to benefit from a backpack giveaway event.
School aged children in San Joaquin County are about to benefit from a backpack giveaway at the 4th Annual Christmas in July Nutrition and Resource Fair & Mayor Tubbs Backpack Giveaway. Last year, over 700 backpacks were donated.
Pilor Program - Free Uber rides to and from RTD stations.
San Joaquin Regional Transit District (RTD) and Uber are working together to bring residents…to the places they want to go! Effective now, many passengers can save 50 percent, up to $5.00 per ride, when riding with Uber in San Joaquin County.
Thursday, July 20, 2017, from 9:00 a.m. – 11:00 a.m., at the Civic Auditorium, 525 N. Center Street.


text:
WINNERS HAVE YET TO BE ANNOUNCED: A Song for Donny Hathaway
Ed Pavlić
University of Georgia Press ($19.95)
by Michael A. Antonucci
To conclude his 1966 essay "The Changing Same (R&B and the New Black Music)," LeRoi Jones writes, "If you play James Brown. . . in a bank, the total environment is changed." Jones claims Brown's music produces "an energy" and "summoning of images" that takes "the bank, and everybody in it, on a trip. That is, they visit another place. A place where Black people live." Similarly, in Winners Have Yet to be Announced, poet Ed Pavlić takes his readers "on a trip." Written as a response to the music of singer/songwriter Donny Hathaway, Pavlić's third volume of poetry sketches Hathaway's life and career through a series of prose poems that situates the musician and his work within the Black music continuum; Winners also offers an account of Hathaway's personal and artistic struggles, which culminated in the dramatic circumstances surrounding his death in January 1979. Fusing poetry and biography, Pavlić's work succeeds in surveying points of intersection between Black life, Black music and the "place[s] where Black people live."
A composer, arranger, pianist, and vocalist, Donny Hathaway gained a reputation as a musical innovator and resourceful improviser. Hathaway's singular talents become evident as the music he produced reconfigured various Black music environments. Fully exploring the possibilities of those musical spaces marked "R&B," "gospel," "soul," "jazz," Hathaway entered these territories and moved between them (listen to Everything is Everything and hear him turn Errol Gardiner's "Misty" inside out; follow the call and response, stacked horns and layered vocals of "I Hear Voices;" trace the high arcs in his live, recorded rendering of "He Ain't Heavy, He's My Brother"). For this reason, in the course of making the transition from legendary session man and studio musician to Grammy-winning recording artist, Hathaway came to carry the label "genius." Accounting for his music's blues nuanced grooves— the digging, shifting, movements in color and form— Hathaway explained, " I am in the process of expanding and developing styles. I love music, period."
Winners locates this love for music and conveys a sense of the brilliant urgency that informed Hathaway's creative process. Pavlić describes his project as "an attempt to translate into print what happens in the quality and tone of Donny Hathaway's singing voice." Subtitled "a song for Donny Hathaway," the book collects and arranges imagined conversations, interview materials, and an intensive set of "listening notes." This approach becomes especially evident in "Listening Notes: Mercy Medical Psychiatric: January 13,1973: Chicago, IL," the second of the six poetic sequences (or "tracks") that compriseWinners. With these lines, Pavlić offers a poetic translation of Hathaway's music. The third section of "Mercy," for example, begins with a description of his sound as, "an open tone in the ache that connects your hands and feet and fingers." The poem continues as Pavlić writes, "Like the volume of a dream. Immense, full. It's never loud. It's how a sound fills a submerged structure. Underwater bridge." After identifying the specific qualities of Hathaway's vocal stylings and instrumental configurations in this way, the poet brings attention to the movement he understands as central to Hathaway's musical project. In the fourth section of "Mercy" Pavlić's speaker states,
Cause, of course, if you're not carefully anchored, a sound can carry
you with it. Then where are you? Truth is you don't know. How many
times have you heard a song and been transported into a scene. A
place. Not the memory of a place, man, it's a volume you've entered.
Entering this "place," which he calls "a deep listener's alibi," the poet locates the space Hathaway conjures and contact in his music. As such, Pavlić's poetic sketch of Hathaway's soundscape reveals a set of profound, localized memories— both real and imagined. Presenting his readers with a "puddle with no bottom," the poet charts this terrain, making it as familiar as it is disconcerting, and thereby offering one more variation on Baraka's "changing same."
Tracing the movements within Hathaway's music, Winners marks numerous points of convergence linking Black life and Black music. In this respect Pavlić's verse identifies sites drawn from an interior geography that stretches from the Carr Square housing projects in St. Louis to the piano player's strong left hand. His poems measure distances and gauge sources that resonate with the words of James Baldwin and the blue notes of Curtis Mayfield. Their lines travel along these frequencies— from churches and nightclubs on Chicago's Southside, along Hathaway's imagined discussions with Einstein, Cezanne and Debussy. As such Pavlić's Hathaway becomes in blazing pathways, seeking transcendent space, and singing at the intersection of Nation, Soul and Music. Winners capture this powerful dynamic in the voice of a stockyard worker who relates his encounters with Hathaway's music in "Interview: Grave Yard Shift." He states, "Simple as that. It was black life. I ain't no philosopher. He sung you / a black man's life. You knew cause you'd lived it. You'd even sung it / yourself." Pavlić's poem continues and the stockyard worker goes on to explain, "So, that's what I heard. I sat there high as a kite and watched that/ stocky brother sit at the piano and stare my life down. He opened/ his mouth and what came out was things none of us looked at. Life."
Pavlić's stockyard worker concludes this "interview" by speculating, "As for Mr. Hathaway, leave it up to the radio, watch. / They'll make a Christmas singer out of him. They'll have my man / coming down the chimney. Sugar Plums." His comments echo and confirm thoughts delivered by Pablo "Yoruba" Guzman in his obituary of Hathaway from the Village Voice. Published shortly after the musician fell to his death from a window in the Essex House hotel in New York, Guzman also suggests that Hathaway and his music were vulnerable to exploitation by the recording industry. While considering "Where is the Love?"— the hit recording Hathaway had collaborating with Roberta Flack, which remains his most widely recognized work— Guzman writes, "Perceived on its own, the "Where Is the Love?". . . might be a pretty thing to look at. But since it exists as part of the total music flow, anyone who felt uneasy about the song in 1972 was dead on target, as it represented [an] insidious creeping Vegasism."
Increasingly, the strains of the music business took a toll on Hathaway, as both an artist and as an individual. Pavlić's poetry provides a set of insights into the turmoil that accompanied Hathaway as he worked in the aura of success. Winners thereby serves as both a poetic sketch of one musician's attempt to articulate a complex aesthetic vision and an examination of audience conventions and production expectations that confront Black musicians. In an interview with the Washington Post after the death of her singing partner, Roberta Flack addressed a question about the tensions Hathaway experienced personally and professionally by stating, "There are a lot of us who are black musicians and who are trained and move away from black naturalness. Donny was not interested in crossing over, under or beyond. He had that natural thing." Significantly, the poetry in Pavlić's Winners regards "that natural thing" as a deeply grown, blues-rooted, aesthetic informed by both African-American experience in the United States and the movements of Black people through the course of a greater African diaspora. In this way, Pavlić's poetry recalibrates the critical apparatus for evaluating the apparent incongruencies of Hathaway's body of work. It brings consideration to this musician's varied musical ambitions and identity, and establishes a framework for evaluating the range and depth of his work—from his days as Little Donny Pitts, "the Nation's Youngest Gospel Singer," to the recording he made of Carole King's "You Got a Friend" with Roberta Flack, to his performance of "Theme for the Television Show Maude" at the Newport Jazz Festival in 1973.
Pavlić's investment in this project becomes fully evident in Winners' opening poem, "Interview: Cause of Death: A Sound or Something Like It." Throughout this poem an unnamed former band-mate of Hathaway's recalls a wide-ranging conversation between himself and Hathaway concerning musical composition theory and movement of culture. He recalls Hathaway referencing 17th-Century composer Claudio Monteverdi, the Medici family fortune, Turkish floral patterns, James Baldwin, and Pope Pius II to relate a theory of modern music's construction. Ultimately, however, the poem's speaker goes on to describe the nature of their collaborations on stage and in the studio as follows: "He'd pound a cord, hold the pedal, press / his left hand into that big, meaty thigh and act like he's really letting / loose. All the time his eyes on you like they're staring through barbed / wire. A smile inverted, augmented, seventh slid up and diminished." Pavlić's speaker in "Interview" continues,
You can see it now if you want to, see if I'm lying. Take a good look,
hell, take half a one-eyed look, at the cover of Everything is Everything.
You call that a smile? Just another go-lucky day with the kids, right?
Right. Happy day in the new Black nation, right? Morning in the
homeland of the soul. Right? Show him what he's won, Bob.
"Interview: Cause of Death," Winners' longest "track," concludes as the poem's speaker recounts how Hathaway punctuated a point about Black music. He remembers Hathaway repeatedly striking a chord and asking, "They'll say there's more to it than that, than this. . . They're right. So, why the act, you know, as if there's so / damned much less to it than us?" Through the course of the five poetic series that follow "Interview," Pavlić explores Hathaway's question, locating multiple dimensions within it. In this way, Pavlić's volume contributes to conversations concerning Black music and African-American experience. Similarly, the formal choices he makes in Winners also blur boundaries, redrawing the limits of prose poetry and creative non-fiction. Pavlić thereby provides a measure of poetic insight into the "environments" and "energies" of both Black music and Black life as he charts movements of the "changing same."
Click here to purchase this book at your local independent bookstore
Rain Taxi Online Edition, Summer 2008 | © Rain Taxi, Inc. 2008
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged summer 2008 on November 25, 2013 by admin.
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text:
Remove This Item Sub-theme: British
Remove This Item Sub-genre: Fables/Folklore
Remove This Item Performing Group: Community Theatre
Horror/Gothic (7)
The Shakespeare Revue
By Christopher Luscombe and Malcolm McKee.
Product Code: SD4000
Middle School | High School | College and Adult | Family (all ages) | Senior Adults
Cast Size: 2m., 2w. (2-4 m, 2-4 w., 1 pianist; expandable to 35; chorus if desired.)
This sparkling entertainment comprises the finest comic writing inspired by Shakespeare. As well as classic songs and sketches by such well-known names as Stephen Sondheim, Cole Porter, Noel Coward, Tom Lehrer and the Beyond the Fringe team, it also features specially written material by the best modern revue writers. The Shakespeare Revue was first presented by the Royal Shakespeare Company at Stratford-upon-Avon. Following a sell-out run, it transferred to the West End where it won great critical acclaim. Learn More
Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Found There
Adapted by Rosemary Nursey-Bray. From Lewis Carroll's classic.
Product Code: TM2000
Young Audiences | Family (all ages)
Cast Size: 9+ (2m., 3w., 4+ either gender) with doubling or up to 35+ (4m., 5w., 26+ either gender).
One afternoon while playing chess by herself, Alice enters through the looking glass into a world of strange back-to-front magic where she meets the kings and queens of her chess set. The world inside the glass is marked out as a chess board, across which she must travel as a pawn. She meets Tweedledum, Tweedledee, Humpty Dumpty, the Mad Hatter and the March Hare in her adventures. She finally reaches the eighth square and becomes queen. Or is it all a dream? Learn More
Canterbury Tale From The Wife of Bath
Adapted by Herman Ammann from Geoffrey Chaucer.
Product Code: CK2000
A knight of the round table must solve a riddle or lose his life. Learn More


The newest edition to the Louvre is the glass dome, some people have different Opinions about it, me hm i don't think i like it. i liked it when it have that really awesome beautiful garden because The Louvre is a very amazing old Historical place and they just come and introduce something modern its just not right in a area like that. that's like putting hip hop music in a church it doesn't belong does it?


I can no longer read or write to my files and none of my applications work. Typing ls returns permission denied.
If you have left yourself logged in for over 18 hours on a DICE machine remotely via ssh, or logged in at the front but are not using the gnome-screenlock, then your AFS and kerberos credentials will have expired.
Always use a screensaver on DICE - it will automatically renew your credentials when you enter your password to unlock the screen.
To find out more read What is Kerberos?


Seller will give you a gift certificate in the amount of 16,65 RUB for a positive review of the product purchased.
It gives an almost infinite pure search engine pages "on the fly". It is necessary to specify key words and text on the basis of which will be generated by the page. Easily adapts to virtually any pattern, though his hands - but even a beginner will cope. Detailed instructions how to install and configure. As an example, the text for keywords and topics dating and chat.
Seller will give you a gift certificate in the amount of 16,65 RUB for a positive review of the product purchased..


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MILSTEIN, Nathan: Master of Invention, Part 2
Master of Invention, Part 2
Milstein, Nathan
Nupen, Christopher - Television Director
Violinist: Milstein, Nathan
Catalogue Number: NUPEN011
This Christopher Nupen film belongs to a long line of memorable portraits of the great performers. It is the product of a close friendship between a dedicated filmmaker and one of the finest violinists of the twentieth century, and it contains the only portrait film ever made with Nathan Milstein. It was shot in the autumn of the longest career in the history of solo violin playing; seventy-three years lay between Milstein�EUR(TM)s first appearance with Glazunov conducting and his last recital in the Berwaldhallen in Stockholm in 1986. That legendary recital provides most of the music for this film. Milstein's partner was the French pianist Georges Pludermacher, with whom he had worked for more than twenty years.
Nathan Milstein was an astonishing eighty-two years old at the time of the recital, yet he still played as the grandest of grand masters, and as surely no other violinist has ever played at that age. This film will be of interest to virtually every student of the violin.
Kennedy Center Honors Award
Publicity and Mother
Handel: Violin Sonata in A major, Op. 1, No. 3, HWV 361 (excerpt)
Otto Klemperer
Conversation with Pinchas Zukerman, Part 4
Franz Schalk
Masterclass with Yuri Nagai
Yuri Nagai
Master Class with Yuri Nagai, Part 2
Paganini: 24 Caprices, Op. 1: Caprice No. 13 in B flat major
Thérèse Milstein
Transcriptions and piano arrangements
Liszt: Consolations No. 1
Ysaye
Sarasate: Introduction and Tarantella, Op. 43
Thérèse Milstein - Gregor Piatigorsky
Piatigorski, Horowitz, Milstein
Transcriptions - Tchaikovsky: Mazeppa
Tchaikovsky: Mazeppa: Maria's Aria
Select language: (None) DE ES FR IT


Realestate.com.au is Australia's #1 home for rental property, listing real estate for rent in Castle Creek, and other rental property listings by real estate agents in Castle Creek. If you're looking to rent a property in Castle Creek, we have house prices in Castle Creek. Realestate.com.au can help you find rentals open for inspection in Castle Creek, and houses to share in Castle Creek. If you're searching for Castle Creek property for sale or sold property in Castle Creek, we can help you with your real estate search.


Our winemaking philosophy mirrors the care we take with our grapevines in the vineyards. We are aiming to produce wines that clearly reflect our vineyards' unique combinations of soil and water and aspect and the particular clones of each varietal that we have planted along with each vintage's external influences and development based on that year's weather.
Each of these elements combine with the careful handling at the winery and meticulous monitoring of every stage of the fermentation and aging process to create delicious wines with personality and potential.
Chardonnay harvest at Napa Valley Weka Ranch vineyard. About 4 tons per acre, picked at 24 brix. Wente clone on St. George rootstock.
Chardonnay harvest Frog Rock Vineyard, Waipara Valley, New Zealand 2010. The bird nets have just been taken off. Sauvignon Blanc (left) and Semillon (right) are still under nets and were picked in June and bottled as Late Harvest Sauvignon Blanc Semillon.
Waipara crush. Because the grapes are hand-picked, the bunches are in great condition and very clean when they go into the crusher.
The Northfield Wines collection includes estate grown Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Sauvignon Blanc/Semillon and Riesling.


Learn how to draw Triceratops in this introductory graph drawing class. Improve your freehand drawing abilities while learning how to use oil pastels! Includes lessons on color mixing and blending, measurements with a ruler, inking, and correct pencil use.


A new survey of the cryptocurrency industry has found that contrary to popular perceptions, the vast majority of professionals in the field see regulation as necessary to the technology's wider adoption.
Cryptocurrencies remain on the sidelines of mainstream financial markets, with question marks still being raised over their viability among major market participants.
"I've been a crypto fanatic ever since it came out, to be part of the ecosystem, not speculate," says Gurjeet Singh, CEO of Palo Alto-based Ayasdi, "[but] I've realized cryptocurrencies won't fulfill any of their promises of decentralization because you will still have to rely on a coindesk or miners in China.
"You'd also need an element of trust for it to work, and that's exactly what decentralization is meant to do away with.
But a survey of crypto exchanges released last week has revealed that, contrary to perception, 88% of crypto exchanges want regulation. Respondents believe regulation is needed for the industry to mature with nearly a third fearing a major market crash and sudden devaluation of assets without change, according to crypto payment provider, Mistertango.
The survey aimed to assess feelings towards regulation, anonymity and the maturation of the crypto market. It represents the first time that the crypto industry itself has had its say on industry regulation.
"Until now, the industry has not had its say on regulation," said Oleksandr Lutskevych, CEO of CEX.IO, a multi-functional cryptocurrency exchange, commenting on the results. "It has been widely supposed that crypto companies want to avoid a regulated environment, but this is far from the truth.
One such area of regulation which would go some way towards maturing crypto's viability would be taxation, according to Perry Woodin, chief strategy officer of HashChain Technology, the tax reporting service specialising on cryptocurrency.
Currently in the US, the IRS Notice 2014-21, released in March 2014, treats cryptocurrency as property for purposes of taxation. It means that every crypto transaction is a taxable event with associated gain or loss. Similarly, across the pond, the UK's HMRC issued their own guide in 2014, which outlined that cryptocurrencies are subject to corporation tax, income tax or capital gains tax.
The problem for Woodin lies in the ability for tax liability services to provide a clear audit trail, should the IRS come knocking.
Woodin is convinced that proactive crypto taxation is key to the mainstream acceptance that the industry needs.
This article originally appeared on bobsguide.com.


Dangerous Goods are articles or substances which are capable of posing a risk to health, safety, property or the environment and which are shown in the list of dangerous goods in the ICAO Technical Instructions, or which are classified according these Instructions.
Class 1 - Explosives, articles and substances are assigned to one of six divisions and to one of thirteen compatibility groups. Not all compatibility groups are to be found in all divisions.
Only explosives in Division 1.4, compatibility group S are permitted on passenger aircraft.
Only explosives in Division 1.3, compatibility groups C and G and Division 1.4, compatibility groups B, C, D, E, G and S are permitted on a cargo aircraft. (Approvals or Exemptions are often necessary).
Class 2 - Gases, compressed, liquefied, dissolved, refrigerated liquefied gases; mixtures of one or more gases with one or more vapours of substances of other classes; articles charged with a gas, and aerosols.
lass 7 - Radioactive Material (RRW, RRY) means any material containing radionuclides where both the activity concentration and the total activity in the consignment exceed the values specified in Table 2-12 of the ICAO Technical Instructions.
Radioactive material must be assigned to one of the proper shipping names/UN numbers specified in Table 2-11 of the ICAO Technical Instructions, depending on the activity level of the radionuclides, the type of package to be presented for transport, and the nature or form of the contents of the package, or special arrangements governing the transport operation.
Class 8 has no divisions; the packing group must be assigned based on corrosivity (ICAO Technical Instructions Part 2; 8.2.5).
Class 9 - Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods (RMD) - Articles and substances, which during air transport, present a danger not covered by other classes, e.g. engines (internal combustion), vehicles, consumer commodity, dry ice, magnetized material.


Idolatry is a scary "church word." Perhaps triggering thoughts of a golden calf or polytheistic leanings, it can seem irrelevant for today's Christians. However, only evaluating the Bible's admonitions against idolatry within the context of Israel's original struggles can lead us to underestimate the gravity of this sin. It is hard to deny that in our society we also find so many other things to worship in place of God.
Perhaps what is most powerful in Augustine's image is the notion that idolatry is a "turning away" from God. It is "[worshiping] and [serving] created things rather than the Creator" Rom. 1:25. From this view, I more easily see how idolatrous I am. How tempting it is to focus on mindless pleasures or daily worries. We are created to worship God; however, we so often mistake the right object of our affections.
Looking honestly we see that these things cannot sustain our love. Created things were not made for our worship and, though "illuminated," cannot in themselves illumine. Earthly pleasures simply reflect God's love but cannot give us the satisfaction of knowing and worshiping Him. Augustine describes how his "face … was not itself illuminated." The amazing thing is that in turning our faces to God we can more richly experience the created things we once preferred. Looking at the source of light, we see the things which reflect it more clearly.
This really strikes a cord with me. The article is so easy to relate to and gives a slightly different view on idolatry than I usually hear. As a Christian in college it is good to hear more about the problem of idolatry. Going away for school is a new point in a young person's life, which often leads them astray as it can be easier to worship money or success rather then God.


`The creation of a new field of homosexual and gay studies all over the past thirty years has been a attractive project. This quantity brings jointly key authors in the piece of ground in 26 major essays and provides a clear sensation of just how much has been achieved. It is a usher to the administrative division of the art, and invaluable for scholars end-to-end the world' - Ken Plummer, Professor of Sociology, body of Essex; and Editor of Sexualities `This book is unique in greek and gay studies.
Historically, YRBS and separate studies person deepened data on lesbian, gay, and bisexual juvenile but have not included questions about transgender and questioning/queer youth. As that changes and data becomes available, this pleased intent be updated to allow knowledge regarding transgender and questioning/queer youth. nigh lesbian, gay, bisexual, (LGB) youth are happy and fly high during their adolescent years.
The administrative division of sexuality and Women's Studies offers an innovative interdisciplinary undergraduate minor program in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT) Studies. LGBT Studies works to establish sexuality as a crucial class of expressive style in the humanities and social sciences. It draws on disciplines such as anthropology, sociology, psychology, history, literature, and cultural studies in order of magnitude to document the extent to which sexuality itself is a daedal cultural and historical development that bears elaborate examination.


Versioning is a method of keeping multiple modifications/versions of an object in the same bucket. You can use versioning to preserve, retrieve, and restore every version of every object stored in your Amazon S3 bucket.
With versioning, you can easily recover from both unintended user actions, accidental deletes and application failures.
In Windows/Linux, if you try to store a file or copy a file with a name of the file which already exists, then you'll get a pop up, error showing file already exists. Whereas, in versioning .
If you overwrite an object, it results in a new object version in the bucket. Remember, versioning will not create a new object/file when you overwrite, it'll simply preserve and suppress the old version, with new version on top. You can always restore the previous version.
In versioning enabled buckets, by default, GET requests will retrieve the most recently written version. In order to retrieve the older version, you've to specify the version id of the object.
If you delete an object, instead of removing it permanently, Amazon S3 inserts a delete marker, which becomes the current object version.
Each version will take up the individual size of the object. If a 1GB file is uploaded to s3 bucket and then remove the contents of the source file upto 500MB and reuploads it with same name, then the 500MB file will be current version of the object and total object size would 1.5 GB.
Versioning can only be suspended after enabling, can't be disabled.
Important: You can enable additional security for your S3 bucket by enabling Versioning and Multi factor authentication.
With respect to Versioning, Buckets can only be in 3 states.


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You are at:Home»Inside Fordham»People in and around Fordham: June 7, 2010
People in and around Fordham: June 7, 2010
By Fordham News on	 June 7, 2010 Inside Fordham
Margaret Andover, Ph.D., A&S,
assistant professor of psychology, has published an article, "An Examination of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Men: Do Men Differ From Women in Basic NSSI Characteristics?" in the Archives of Suicide Research and presented a paper, "Borderline Personality Disorder Criteria Associated with Nonsuicidal and Suicidal Self-Injury," at the Association of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies annual meeting in New York City.
Babette Babich, Ph.D., A&S,
professor of philosophy, spoke on "Heidegger's Philosophy of Science" at the Heidegger Circle in New York City. She published "Women and Status in Philosophy" in the March-April 2010 issue ofRadical Philosophy and "Ex aliquo nihil: Nietzsche on Science and Modern Nihilism" in the American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly Special Issue on Nietzsche, Spring 2010. She gave a keynote presentation, "Bataille's Sur Nietzsche: War Diaries, Sacrificial Prostitutes, and the Fetish/Fragment," on April 10 at Duquesne's Graduate Conference.
Dominic J. Balestra, Ph.D., A&S,
professor of philosophy, presented the keynote address, "Science and Religion in the Courtroom: Some of the Philosophy Behind the Dover, Pa., Decision," at the Sixth Annual New England Undergraduate Philosophy Conference hosted on April 17 at Providence College.
Christopher R. Blake, Ph.D., BUS,
Joseph Keating, S.J., Distinguished Professor of Business, has published a paper, "The Effect of Holdings Data Frequency on Conclusions about Mutual Fund Behavior" (co-authored with Edwin J. Elton, Martin J. Gruber, Yoel Krasny and Sadi O. Ozelge) in the May 2010 issue of The Journal of Banking and Finance.
Jeanne Flavin, Ph.D., A&S,
associate professor of sociology, has won the American Sociological Association's 2010 Sex & Gender Distinguished Book Award for Our Bodies, Our Crimes: The Policing of Women's Reproduction in America (New York University Press, 2008). She will be honored at the 2010 ASA Annual Conference in Atlanta.
David S. Glenwick, Ph.D., A&S,
professor of psychology, and Se-Kang Kim, Ph.D., A&S, assistant professor of psychology, have published "Patterns of Consumer Usage of Homeless Outreach Services" in the Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless.
Albert Greco, Ed.D., BUS,
professor of marketing, gave a presentation on April 30, "The Consumer of the Future," at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School.
Bradford E. Hinze, Ph.D., A&S,
professor of theology, was elected to a two-year term as president of the College Theology Society.
Carolyn Johnson, Ed.D., GRE,
assistant dean, presented a paper, "What is Going on Here? How Researchers' Interpretive Methods can Illuminate the Possibilities for Social Change," on May 8 at the 2010 meeting of the American Academy of Religion-Eastern International Region in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Maryanne Kowaleski, Ph.D., A&S,
professor of history and director of the Center for Medieval Studies, presented a paper at SUNY-New Paltz on "The Origins of Scolding Indictments in Medieval England." She has been awarded a fellowship at the Huntington Library to work on "The Coastal Properties of Battle Abbey in the Middle Ages."
Dean McKay, Ph.D., A&S,
associate professor of psychology, has guest-edited a special issue of the International Journal of Cognitive Therapy on disgust and psychotherapy and has published an article, "Psychophysiological and Self-Report Components of Disgust in Body Dysmorphic Disorder: The Effects of Repeated Exposure," in that issue.
Patrick J. Ryan, S.J., A&S,
the Laurence J. McGinley Professor of Religion and Society, presented a three-week course this past May on "Christianity and Islam" at Immaculate Conception Parish in Astoria, Queens. His Spring 2010 McGinley Lecture was published in Origins 39.
Harold Takooshian, Ph.D., A&S,
professor of psychology, has published "Urban Psychology" in the Encyclopedia of Urban Studies(Sage, 2011).
Warren W. Tryon, Ph.D., A&S,
professor of psychology, has published two articles, "Professional Identity Based on Learning" and "Learning as Core of Psychological Science and Clinical Practice," in the Behavior Therapist.


Case Construction is a branch of Case owned by CNH Global, renamed CNH Industrial in 2013. Case Construction manufactures construction machines for road construction, mine and quarry construction sites or even landscaping.
In addition to the materials for all kinds of work, Case manufacturers machines always more efficient with new technologies that increase the productibity of the materials respecting the environment. Case is the first make, which manufactured a loader-excavator meeting the Tier 4 norm requirements in 2012. In 2015, the compact loaders Case meet the requirements of the « Tier 4 Final » norm by using the SCR technology. From compact machines such as wheel or track mini-loaders, hydraulic excavators to big machines such as dozers or grader, Case Construction is now one of the reference make for construction equipments.
Europe-construction-equipment helps you find the Case classified ads : rollers, track or wheel loaders, bulldozers, forklifts etc. You can also find all the new or used spare parts to maintain your CASE materials.


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Bluebird Care Edinburgh & Glasgow South win at the Scottish Enterprise Awards 2017
Congratulations to the teams at Bluebird Care Edinburgh and Bluebird Care Glasgow South who recently won Sustained Excellence in Homecare 2017 - Scotland at the Scottish Enterprise Awards 2017.
The Scottish Enterprise Awards 2017 were created to shine a light on those businesses which truly stand out from the crowd. These awards recognise the excellent levels of performance and dedication offered, and those who have gone above and beyond throughout the past 12 months.
This is the first year that the Scottish Enterprise Awards has been hosted by SME News and through a mixture of their own research and supporting submissions, their judging panel shortlisted applicants from a range of categories.
Directors of Bluebird Care Edinburgh & Glasgow South, Jane and John Perry commented on their recent win:
We were told that after weeks of intense research, Bluebird Care Edinburgh and Glasgow South had been awarded for Sustained Excellence in Homecare 2017 - Scotland. We are thrilled to receive this recognition and want to thank everyone who voted for us.