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Macroeconomics for the 21st century: Part 1, Theory
Roger Farmer 27 February 2010
What are the implications of combining Keynesian ideas with Walrasian general equilibrium theory in a way that does not assume sticky prices? This column presents the first of a two-part outline of a new macroeconomics paradigm for the 21st century, starting with the theory.
Modern Keynesians base their ideas on a version of Keynes' General Theory that assumes that prices and or wages are "sticky" (Clarida et al 1999). In a pair of columns, I summarise results from a research agenda that reconciles Keynesian economics with Walrasian general equilibrium theory in a new way that does not assume "sticky prices". This column concentrates on economic theory. The next column explains how my ideas are connected with previous attempts to reconcile these Keynesian and classical ideas, and it draws out the implications of my work for economic policy.
My research focuses on two key ideas from Keynesian economics and one from microeconomic theory. The important Keynesian contributions are that free market economies may support any unemployment rate as an equilibrium and that the equilibrium we observe is selected by confidence or in Keynes' words "animal spirits". The key idea from microeconomic theory is that individuals are rational and goal-oriented and they do not make systematic forecast errors. The theory that I will sketch out below is worked out fully in two working papers, (Farmer 2009a, 2009b) and in two books, (Farmer 2010a, 2010b) published by Oxford University Press.
Although I recognise that the market system may lead to inefficient outcomes with high unemployment, I do not believe that fiscal policy is the right response to a financial crisis. My reconciliation of Keynes with Walras is different from the orthodox approach, and it leads to a different policy proposal that I describe in more depth in Part 2 of this series.
Technical assumptions
The model I will describe is designed to capture two key ideas. First, any unemployment rate can be an equilibrium in the steady state. Second, the equilibrium that prevails is picked out by animal spirits in the asset markets. The simplest environment that captures my main idea has the following properties.
There are two distinct physical goods, capital and a consumption good. I need this assumption to ensure that there is a relative price of capital so that one can meaningfully discuss changes in asset prices.
Labour is traded in a market with costly search and recruiting. I need this assumption to ensure that unemployment persists in equilibrium.
There is a single unit of capital and a measure of labour of length one. Think of this as a large number of workers. The model will decide the fraction of them who remain unemployed.
Capital does not depreciate and cannot be reproduced. It is owned by firms and traded in a frictionless rental market.
The return to capital represents the profit stream of the firm. In the model, the price of a unit of capital and the price of a share in a company are the same. In practice, the relative price of capital and the value of the stock market are very different concepts. Complicating the model to allow for this distinction would not alter my main message although it is clearly important for empirical work.
There are two technologies. One is a standard neoclassical production function that explains how labour and capital are combined to produce a good. The other is a search technology similar to those that have been widely used in other search models of the labour market (see Pissarides 2000). The search technology produces filled vacancies from unemployed workers and corporate recruiters. These recruiters are employed workers. Instead of working as recruiters they could alternatively produce commodities.
I simplify the model by assuming that the entire labour force is fired at the end of every period and rehired at the beginning of the next period. This allows me to describe the equilibrium of the economy as a series of disconnected static problems.
In the real business cycle model that has dominated macroeconomics for twenty years, variations in employment occur because households choose to supply more or less hours to the market in response to variations in the wage over time. I assume instead that households do not value leisure and all of their members would like to find a job. Variations in employment, in my model, occur because of variations in the fraction of the labour force that are unemployed.
To close the model I assume in my working paper (2009a) that there is a single infinitely lived family that maximises the utility of its members. I show that this assumption implies that fiscal policy cannot be used to restore full employment.
In my other working paper (2009b), I relax the representative family assumption by allowing for a more realistic demographic structure with birth and death. I show there that fiscal policy can increase employment, but the fiscal multiplier is less than one and increased government purchases are predicted to decrease welfare.
The social optimum
Let's suppose that households can appoint a social planner to organise production. This planner is charged with the task of maximising the welfare of the representative agent. How would she behave?
Since there is no feasible way to transfer resources from one period to the next, the planner faces a series of disconnected one-period problems. In each period she will maximise consumption by optimally allocating workers between two tasks. Some workers will be assigned to the direct production of commodities. Others will be assigned to the task of searching for new workers to hire. Since the activity of recruiting diverts resources from productive activity, the social planner will choose to leave some workers unemployed. The problem of the social planner is depicted in Figure 1.
The dashed curve represents the quantity of the consumption good that can be produced as the planner increases employment from 0 to 100% of the labour force by adding more workers to the recruiting department. Initially, adding more recruiters is productive and additional workers result in additional output. But once the planner reaches L*, additional employment becomes counterproductive. By employing additional workers, the social planner could achieve 100% employment. This is not a good thing to do since these workers would be so busy recruiting each other that no one would be available to produce goods. 1-L* is a good candidate for what Milton Friedman (1968) has called "the natural rate of unemployment".
Figure 1. The problem of the social planner
What goes wrong in the labour market?
General equilibrium theorists have shown that under certain assumptions, free markets work well in the sense that a competitive equilibrium replicates the decisions that would be made by a benevolent social planner.
To decentralise a social-planning problem, general equilibrium theory posits the existence of a set of competitive headhunting firms that would operate the search technology. These firms would purchase, from households, the exclusive right to match an unemployed worker with a vacant job. They would purchase, from firms, the exclusive right to fill a job. Although we do see headhunting firms, in practice these firms act as substitute recruiting departments for firms that are too small or too specialised to run their own operations. They do not pay unemployed workers for the right to find them a job.
How would an organised employment market operate if it did exist? Suppose that a competitive headhunting firm were to offer to pay an unemployed worker for the right to match him with a job. A dishonest unemployed worker could turn down every job offer and continue to receive payments while remaining unemployed. Since there will often be good reasons to refuse a job, it would be impossible to write a contract in which the worker must take any job that he is offered.
A given number of jobs can be filled by a large number of unemployed workers and a few recruiters or by a few unemployed workers and a large number of recruiters. But should society match workers with jobs by asking a few unemployed workers to search for a lot of vacant positions or a lot or unemployed workers to search for a few vacant positions? I argue that either outcome can occur in the real world because the price signals that tell firms and workers how to behave are missing.
Search equilibrium
Search theory provides an alternative description of how the labour market works. Workers look for jobs, taking as given the probability that they will find one. Firms assign workers to the recruiting department, taking as given the number of workers that each recruiter can hire. Firms and workers take prices wages and rental rates as given as in Walrasian general equilibrium theory.
An equilibrium is a set of prices and a set of plans by firms and households such that firms maximise profit, households maximise utility, and demands and supplies are equated in all markets. The firing probability of a worker and the hiring effectiveness of a recruiter are determined by the fact that the number of workers who find jobs must be consistent with the aggregate search technology. These terms enter individual decision problems as externalities that appear, to the observer, to be productivity shocks.
The equilibrium concept I have described sounds a lot like the one used in search models that have been widely studied in the literature. See, for example, the survey by Richard Rogerson, Robert Shimer and Randall Wright (2005). But my concept has fewer equations than unknowns. Decentralisation of the social planning solution requires the addition of two markets and two prices: One for the time of a searching worker and one for the time of a searching recruiter. The search equilibrium adds just one price; the money wage.
As a consequence, my model has many labour market equilibria in the steady state. A given number of jobs may be filled by many searching unemployed workers and a few searching recruiters. Or it may be filled by a few searching recruiters and a large number of unemployed workers. The relative prices that should direct market participants to the optimal mix of unemployment and vacancies are missing.
I believe that search theorists have missed this fact because we are trained, beginning in graduate school, to look for a model in which prices and quantities are uniquely determined by fundamentals. When confronted by an underdetermined model, existing theorists have chosen to add an equation in an attempt to bring the theory into line with existing general equilibrium models. Typically they make the assumption, that when a firm and a worker meet, they bargain over the wage. I believe that a more fruitful theory can be developed by throwing away this assumption and recognising that there is a pervasive labour market failure, and as a consequence, any unemployment rate can be an equilibrium.
Although my theory of aggregate supply sounds superficially like the Hicks-Hansen description of Keynesian theory that was taught to generations of economists in the post-war period, it is very different. Unlike the Hicks-Hansen model, the equilibrium concept that I have described does not rest on some prices being away from their Walrasian levels and there are no forces in the model that cause some agents to want to charge different prices.
I have argued that it is time to drop the natural rate hypothesis and return to the Keynes of the General Theory. This is not just empty rhetoric. It has implications for the policies to be used to stabilise the real economy in the 21st century. I take up this theme in a companion piece, "Macroeconomic Policy for the 21st Century" (2010d).
This piece is part of a published article in the National Institute Economic Review (2010c). I thank the National Institute for permission to reprint it here. I also thank the National Science Foundation for their support of this research under grant SBR 0720839.
Clarida, Richard, Jordi Galí, and Mark Gertler (1999), "The Science of Monetary Policy: A New Keynesian Perspective", Journal of Economic Literature, 37:1661-1707.
Farmer, Roger E A (2009a), "Confidence, Crashes and Animal Spirits", NBER WP,14846.
Farmer, Roger E A (2009b), "Fiscal Policy Can Reduce Unemployment: But There is a Better Alternative", CEPR Discussion paper 7526.
Farmer, Roger E A (2010a), Expectations Employment and Prices, Oxford University Press, Oxford, March.
Farmer, Roger E A (2010b), How the Economy Works: Confidence, Crashes and Self-Fulfilling Prophecies, Oxford University Press, Oxford, April.
Farmer, Roger E A (2010c), "Macroeconomics for the 21st Century: Full Employment as a Policy Goal", National Institute Economic Review, 211: R45-2R50, January.
Farmer, Roger E A (2010d), "Macroeconomics for the 21st Century: Part 2, Policy", VoxEU.org, 28 February.
Friedman, Milton (1968), "The Role of Monetary Policy", American Economic Review, 58:1-17.
Keynes, John Maynard (1936), The General Theory of Employment Interest and Money, MacMillan, London.
Pissarides, Christopher (2000), Equilibrium Unemployment Theory, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Rogerson, Richard, Robert Shimer, and Randall Wright (2005), "Search Theoretic Models of the Labor Market: A Survey", Journal of Economic Literature, 43:959-988.
Topics: Frontiers of economic research
Tags: Keynesian economics, Walrasian general equilibrium
Professor of Economics University of Warwick, Emeritus Distinguished Professor UCLA and Research Director, NIESR


Upload On Instagram: You may currently be a professional at snapping photos at meetings, seminars or other occasions with your mobile phone and publishing them to Instagram With the Instagram application installed on your phone, there's nothing to it really.
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Defence is building a system to control autonomous fleets
By Ry Crozier on Aug 25, 2017 6:30AM
NSW to host Five Eyes demo.
Five Eyes intelligence representatives will converge on the NSW south coast next year to check out a system that can be used to take command and control of autonomous fleets.
The technology demonstration is scheduled to run over a three-week period in November 2018 at Jervis Bay on the NSW south coast, which hosts a sizable Defence base.
It is understood that military subject matter experts from Australian, British and US air forces have already conducted trials of a US-developed "human-machine command and control system".
However, it appears a more advanced version of the system is set to be demonstrated for Five Eyes members next year.
Five Eyes is a signals intelligence alliance between Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States.
"The human-machine command and control system ... allows a team oversight control of a large number of unmanned vehicles across multiple environmental domains," Defence revealed this week.
"A Five Eyes demonstration with increased platform autonomy, autonomous cross-domain (air, sea and land) cueing and tasking is scheduled for 2018 in Jervis Bay."
The demonstration is being conducted under the auspices of Program Tyche, a multi-year strategic research initiative overseen by the Defence Science and Technology (DST) Group.
Tyche's aim is to place Australia in the top five creators worldwide of trusted autonomous systems (TAS).
The Tyche program first gained DST funding in July 2015, and now has researchers across Australia working on various projects that intersect autonomy, robotics and artificial intelligence.
It is expected to be transitioned into a Defence-led cooperative research centre (CRC) sometime this year.
Defence Minister Christopher Pyne announced last month that the CRC would receive $8 million annually out of the $730 million next generation technologies fund announced earlier this year. However, the government funding has been capped at $50 million over the next seven years.
Pyne did not mention the TAS CRC's origins in the Tyche program.
Though it has been possible to track some directions that Tyche has led Australian researchers in, Defence this week provided a complete picture of the work and progress to date.
A new report on the program showed that research has been divided into four pillars.
Part of the program is about making sure humans are able to effectively work alongside autonomous machines in "uncertain" environments.
This includes how the machine - and its software - is able to establish "trust" with humans that are in close proximity "to make or recommend life or death decisions". Other research looks at how the machine copes if it is interrupted.
Further research aims to "establish a credible Australian swarm robotics/capability program" that could be applied in the operation of fixed-wing UAVs, as well as improve the ability of autonomous vehicles to perceive and adjust to changes in terrain or other operating conditions.
ai autonomous command control defence five eyes fleet intelligence jervis bay robot security software
Lockheed expands AI research at Melbourne lab
NSW Police smash fake telco technician scam syndicate
Defence paints-up Penten for Army network security lift

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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O Red Bull RB1 é o primeiro modelo da Red Bull Racing, construído para a temporada de  da Fórmula 1. Condutores: David Coulthard, Christian Klien e Vitantonio Liuzzi. Liuzzi substituiu Klien do GP de San Marino até a Europa.

Resultados
(legenda) (em negrito indica pole position e itálico volta mais rápida)

Carros de Fórmula 1 da Red Bull

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Top colleges with highest ROI 40 years after you enroll
The 20 US colleges with the best return on your investment 40 years after you've enrolled
stanford university graduation commencement
The Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce published a study titled "A First Try at ROI: Ranking 4,500 colleges."
It ranks universities by their return on investment (ROI) for students 10, 15, 20, 30, and 40 years after enrollment.
Forty years after enrollment, the top 20 schools with the highest ROI include four maritime or Marine institutions and two Ivy League schools. The top three spots are claimed by pharmacy colleges.
A degree from a small New York pharmacy college is more likely to give you a better bang for your buck than a pricey Ivy League school, according to a new report.
The Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce (CEW) published a study titled "A First Try at ROI: Ranking 4,500 colleges" on Thursday that lists US colleges by their return-on-investment measures (ROI) in 10, 15, 20, 30, and 40 years after enrollment.
The ROI measure of the study is called "net present value" (NPV), which Georgetown University CEW defines as "how much a sum of money in the future is valued today." NPV includes measures such as costs, future earnings, and "length of time it would take to invest and earn a certain amount of money over a fixed horizon."
Georgetown University CEW found that after 40 years, private colleges had a higher average ROI for bachelor's degrees than public colleges. It also found that certificate programs and community colleges had the highest ROI rankings at the 10-year post-enrollment milestone, but they were surpassed by bachelor's degrees in the long term.
Of the top 20 universities, four were either maritime or Marine institutions, and two were Ivy League schools. The top three schools with the highest NPV after 40 years were all pharmacy colleges: MCPHS University, St. Louis College of Pharmacy, and Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences.
On Business Insider's list, we also provide two additional measures for each university from the Department of Education's College Scorecard: six-year graduation rate for first-time bachelor's students (based on data from the 2017-2018 academic year) and median student loan principal at the start of repayment (based on data from the 2016-2017 academic year).
20. Bentley University
Elise Amendola/AP Images
19. Colorado School of Mines
Brennan Linsley/AP Images
18. California Institute of Technology
Damian Dovarganes/AP Images
17. California State University Maritime Academy
Anda Chu/Getty Images
16. University of Pennsylvania
Leif Skoogfors/Corbis via Getty Images
15. Stevens Institute of Technology
Ramsey Cardy/Sportsfile/Getty Images
14. Harvey Mudd College
Ted Soqui/Corbis/Getty Images
13. Massachusetts Maritime Academy
Andrew Kelly/Reuters
12. St. Paul's School of Nursing – Queens
Hero Images/Getty Images
11. University of the Sciences
Matt Rourke/AP Images
10. United States Merchant Marine Academy
Spencer Pratt/ Getty
9. Georgetown University
lillisphotography/Getty Images
8. Harvard University
Charles Krupa/AP Images
7. Babson College
Steven Senne/AP Images
6. Maine Maritime Academy
Robert F. Bukaty/AP Images
5. Stanford University
Ben Margot/AP Images
4. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Brian Snyder/Reuters
3. MCPHS University
Jonathan Wiggs/The Boston Globe/Getty Images
2. St. Louis College of Pharmacy
Tom Gannam/AP Images
1. Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences
Reuters/Elijah Nouvelage
Diese Mutter von fünf Kindern hat 60.000 Dollar mit dem Verkauf von Wohnmobilen verdient
Here's the full list of people charged in the college admissions cheating scandal, and who has pleaded guilty so far
The 20 best community colleges in the US to jump-start a successful career
Syracuse students have been besieged by racist attacks, and more than a dozen told us they're scared and angry with the school's tepid response
Anti-racist protesters at Syracuse University brought the chancellor to his knees, but now they want his head


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ALL AT SEA > Life > Disaster in the Gulf 2010
Disaster in the Gulf 2010
Posted by Becky_Bauer August 17, 2013 Life Tags: Deep Water Horizon Oil Spill
A Matter of Tradition
On April 20, 2010, the Deep Water Horizon exploded in the Gulf of Mexico; 11 oil rig workers died and dozens were injured. The fire burned for 36 hours until the rig sank on April 22. There is no end in sight to the human and ecological damage resulting from the Deep Water Horizon disaster. This is a list of events that we do know, along with a brief but disturbing list of what we do not know.
What We Do Know (as of Mid-June):
April 23 – Despite a growing oil slick, BP reported that an ROV showed there was no leak from the tangled wreckage.
April 24 – Faced with undeniable evidence, BP announced that the daily leak was 1,000 barrels (42,000 gallons) and that dispersants were breaking down the oil.
April 25 – 10% of the Gulf closed to fishing. Vacationers and recreational anglers began cancelling trips to the Gulf Coast, affecting thousands of small businesses.
April 28 – Using satellite imagery, NOAA scientists estimated the leak at 5,000 barrels (210,000 gallons) daily.
April 30 – Oil reached Louisiana's wetlands during waterfowl migration and hatching season. Birds were found trapped in oily sludge.
May 1 – Under BP's direction, the U.S. Air Force began spraying Corexit to break up the surface oil slicks.
May 4 – Oil reached the Mississippi Delta. BP denied that any oil reached shore.
May 9 – Oil reached Alabama's shores.
May 12 – Forced by public and government pressure, BP released a short video of the leak whereupon scientists calculated the flow rate to be from 20,000 to 100,000 barrels per day (840,000 to 4,200,000 gallons).
May 14 – BP announced a ship positioned over the leak that was "producing" between 1,000-5,000 barrels of oil per day but the leak continued to flow unabated; the leak was much more than NOAA's estimated 5,000 barrels.
May 14 – EPA stated that Corexit was neither the least toxic nor the most effective dispersant and demanded BP implement toxicity studies. The UK banned the use of Corexit due to its toxicity. BP continued to use Corexit.
While BP would not release toxicity information on Corexit, independent scientists stated Corexit causes neurological damage to humans and kills marine life.
May 19 – Oil entered the loop current carrying it toward the Keys and the East coast. John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park is directly in the oil's path as is manatee territory.
May 26 – Concerned about Corexit's toxicity, the EPA ordered BP to limit its use to 15,000 gallons per day and to monitor effects on water quality and wildlife.
May 30 – BP CEO, Tony Hayward stated, "There's no one who wants this over more than I do. I would like my life back."
June 3 – P and J Oysters in New Orleans shut down due to contamination of its oyster bed, a company in business since 1876 and one of thousands of businesses affected by the spill.
June 4 – Researchers announced 40% of the effluent gushing from the well is methane gas. Methane depletes oxygen and creates dead spaces in the water where nothing can live.
June 4 – Oil reached Pensacola Beach.
June 8 – NOAA confirmed the existence of oil plumes 30 feet below the surface. BP continued to deny the existence of underwater plumes.
June 15 – Lawmakers questioned why BP's faulty Gulf oil disaster plan is almost verbatim to Exxon-Mobil's and Conoco-Phillips's only to learn that one company wrote all three plans. (Plans include how to protect walruses in the event of a spill. Walruses have not lived in the Gulf of Mexico for over three million years.)
June 16 – The fishing ban expanded to over 80,000 square miles, 33%, of the Gulf of Mexico closed to fishing.
June 16 – BP Chairman Svanberg met with President Obama and stated afterward, "We care about the small people," angering hundreds of thousands.
June 17 – Oil reached Panama City Beach.
June 18 – BP reported dispensing 1,325,000 gallons of dispersant into the Gulf.
June 19 – All efforts to stop the leak have failed. Efforts to collect some of the escaping oil and burn off natural gas are woefully inadequate.
June 19 – The damaging effects of oil from an 189,000-gallon spill on Cape Cod in 1969 remain 40 years later. Oil from the Valdez spill in 1989 remains along Alaska's coast today; estimates are that less than 10% was recovered.
June 19 – Day 60 of the Gulf Spill – Using Purdue University's latest estimate that the leak is 60,000 barrels per day: 151,200,000 gallons of oil have spilled into the Gulf to date. That equals 105,000 gallons per hour for 60 days.
Wildlife including sea turtles, birds, and possibly one juvenile Sperm Whale (necropsy pending) are dead, while more oil soaked victims appear daily. Critical Sperm whale grounds south of the Mississippi are covered in oil. The Gulf is also a nursery for endangered Whale Sharks, Bluefin Tuna, sea turtles, manatees, and hundreds of other species. Fish caught on the Georges bank off the coasts of Maine and Nova Scotia begin in the Gulf. The marshes and wetlands along the Gulf coast provided breeding and rearing habitats for fish, reptiles, and bird species. It is sea turtle nesting season in the Gulf and over 300 sea turtles have died because of the oil while others struggle through the globs of crude to lay their eggs. If the turtle eggs hatch, the weak, tiny hatchlings, hardly bigger than a silver dollar, have little chance of making it.
What We Do Not Know
• When BP will be able to stop the gushing crude oil, natural gas and methane.
• The long-term effects of the toxic dispersants upon marine life, water fowl, the coastal fauna, the air quality, and the residents of the Gulf States.
• The effects that oil settling to the bottom will have on deep water reefs, oyster beds, fish, shrimp, whales, dolphins, sea turtles, and other marine life, much of it yet to be discovered.
• When those dependent upon the Gulf Coast's once bountiful
resources will get their lives back, if ever.
Becky Bauer became a scuba instructor and award-winning journalist covering the marine environment in the Caribbean after 30 years as a wild and domestic animal rescuer, rehabber, and educator in the states. She is a contributing photographer to NOAA.
Tags: Deep Water Horizon Oil Spill
Becky_Bauer August 1, 2010
Becky_Bauer
Becky Bauer is a scuba instructor and award-winning journalist covering the marine environment in the Caribbean. She is a contributing photographer to NOAA.
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Shaun Bierweiler is the vice president and general manager of public sector at Cloudera, where he focuses on providing data-based solutions customized to meet the needs of government customers.
This focus, coupled with 15-plus years of experience working at the intersection of technology and business, provides Bierweiler with an insight into the world of data, modernization and emerging technology trends.
What are some of the important trends you see in data and data management right now, especially when it comes to modernization efforts?
When it comes to the public sector, data is stored in a variety of formats and systems that support very specific programs and departments, which makes data management critical at all levels of government. As the amount of data created by government continues to grow, agencies are prioritizing access, storage and backup.
However, this rapid data growth makes it difficult to implement and upgrade applications and solutions to deliver services efficiently. Because legacy applications and solutions were not designed to handle the volume, variety and velocity of today's data landscape, modernization is absolutely critical.
With modernization efforts in mind, a significant focus in data management right now is on breaking down silos to enable effective data sharing across systems. Because of this, we will continue to see a trend where agencies are amassing their data into a single enterprise data platform to have the flexibility and cost-effectiveness needed for data storage.
Further, we're continuing to see the need for real-time analytics across the public sector. Previously, the challenge has been that deriving actionable intelligence through real-time data analytics was too difficult or expensive. Fortunately, thanks to innovations in open source technology and the application of AI and machine learning tools, agencies can now automate decision-making for true, real-time insights.
Which specific emerging technologies continue to be important in modernizing legacy systems and processes?
Across government, the modernization of legacy systems and processes is primarily being driven by three innovations: cloud, open source and AI. When we look at cloud computing, we see the immediate impact it is having on modernizing IT infrastructure. The cloud enables agencies to migrate data and processes to new platforms, without sacrificing the functionality of critical legacy services.
Enterprise open source technology will continue to be important in modernizing legacy systems because it provides government agencies with the unmatched innovation of the open source community combined with the enterprise-level security and governance needed to protect critical government data.
Lastly, AI will continue to be used in many ways throughout the modernizing lifecycle. From a data perspective, AI is currently and will continue to be used to derive immediate, actionable intelligence that will help agencies not only serve citizens better but also lower costs.
How do you help public sector clients harness the power of data?
At Cloudera, our mission is to empower people with the tools necessary to transform complex data —wherever it is — into clear and actionable insights. We customize our approach to data based on the individual needs of our customers, so specifics vary on a client-by-client basis.
One use case that I can mention is our work with the Joint Improvised Threat Defeat Organization — a DOD combat support organization. Like many organizations, JIDO's development costs were too high, solution deployments were too slow, and their data was contained in too many siloed systems. With its previous data platform, JIDO was forced to focus on day-to-day operations and maintaining the basic capabilities of the stack instead of deploying innovative tools or building analytics.
Among various accomplishments, we were able to reduce JIDO's operations and management costs by 20 percent and consolidate nearly 1000 data feeds from disparate sources worldwide. By leveraging Cloudera, JIDO was able to shift resources and personnel to focus on mission-oriented analytics and focus on the mission at-hand — supporting the warfighter.
Everyone is talking about AI these days. What role will AI play in modernization efforts?
At the heart of modernization efforts is big data. However, without AI, our ability to understand, learn from and glean insights from our massive stores of data would be time-consuming, expensive, and ultimately quite limited in scope.
AI makes the scaling of data-driven insights possible. But AI's impact isn't just a matter of scale; it will also allow us to gain more profound insights across a plethora of data sets. These insights facilitate business processes, increase efficiency and provide government leaders with the capabilities they need to accomplish their missions and serve American citizens.
By automating data processes and decreasing the amount of time spent managing data, AI will be at the core of most modernization journeys from legacy systems to modern technologies, like the cloud.
Working with the government, how do you approach innovation?
At Cloudera, one of our key ideals is the democratization of data. Therefore, a central pillar of innovation is our open source community of innovators and collaborators. Using enterprise open source solutions allows government agencies to benefit from innovation facilitated by the open source community in an enterprise consumable fashion with the enterprise-level security agencies need. The open source community provides both the technical capability and the world-class enterprise support essential for our customers' mission-critical systems and applications.
The government itself has spearheaded many innovative initiatives and projects with the help of open source technology. For example, Cloudera's Data Flow product — a scalable, real-time streaming analytics platform that ingests, curates and analyzes data for key insights and immediate actionable intelligence — is based on a software project previously developed by the government.
Ideally, what does an innovative, cost-effective government of tomorrow look like? Which technologies would continue to play a key role? Which technologies would be obsolete?
Ideally, an innovative and cost-effective government would utilize an open, hybrid design — hardware and cloud platform agnostic — to allow for rapid integration of new technologies and components. Structures embedded into the core of this design and its implementation would guarantee efficient governance and effective security.
Fundamentally, data's value depends on an agency's ability to glean meaningful insights from it, government must be aided and enabled by AI and machine learning in ingesting and processing data. With the help of an enterprise data cloud, government agencies can get the most out of their data by capturing, governing and processing it from its origins at the edge, all the way to AI, which allows them to derive meaningful, transformative insights.
Technologies that we can expect to continue to play a key role in creating an innovative, cost-effective government include enterprise open source, AI, machine learning, cloud, IoT, visualization (as well as other interfaces that facilitate and streamline the user experience), and governance and security technologies.
We are already seeing legacy databases and data warehouses designed for specific data types and formats being rapidly replaced due to their unscalable nature and costly storage and system applications. So, too, are costly, closed, and proprietary applications and therefore these technologies will soon become obsolete.


WHAT WE DO Every week is different - games, learning skills, communicating, crafting, creativity and lots of outdoor play. A non-competitive environment, with something for everyone from the quiet and methodical to the louder and livelier.
Book term by term. If there are spaces we are happy for children to join mid term. Prices are amended weekly online to reflect the missed sessions.
Booking for next term tends to open a term in advance. Activities will change every term so our long-term members continue to gain all new experiences and skills!
Book & pay online and you will receive a confirmation email with all the details you need for the club.
STAFF All our staff are DBS checked and we have first aid trained instructors at every club.
A TYPICAL SESSION Every school has an After School Club meeting point (usually a point in the playground) - this is clearly communicated via your booking email confirmation and referred to as "BASE CAMP" to the children. The parent pick up point is also communicated via the email confirmation.
Infants and Junior Clubs at the same school often have different meeting and collection points so please read carefully.
Each club has a Lead instructor (responsible for sign in/sign out and running the session/parent communication) and an Assistant Instructor (responsible for making sure everyone is happily taking part, encouraging those who may be distracted or need encouragement to join in the game). Sometimes children will grab a snack out of their bag during sign in. If a child arrives without coat and needs one we will ask them to go and get it. However it is their adult at home who are responsible to dress their child appropriately for the weather. The Lead instructor has the register. On Arrival the child will be greeted and marked in the register, they will take a bib and be sent to play a game with the Assistant. Should a child not arrive, the instructor will check with the office whether the child was sick/ or has gone home early from school and will call the parent if the child is meant to be at the club. This is a time-consuming processand we take it very seriously so please do let us know if your child will not be attending the club that day to avoid this. This can also delay everyone else's enjoyment in the activity while they wait to start. If your child might forget they are coming to the club it is worth reminding the teacher so they can help direct them to the club in good time. Once everyone has arrived the session commences with more games and the specific activity for the week - every week is different the full list of activities can be found here.
HOME TIME At the end of the day the children will be asked not to leave until they have been signed out to the pickup person named on the register. Any last minute changes to pick up, please do let us know or the instructor may request that the named pick up person contacts them to confirm before they can release the child from their care.
BEHAVIOUR We want everyone to enjoy themselves and to go home with smiles after having plenty of fun with friends as well as learning a new skill or game! However time is limited and in order to maximise everyone's enjoyment of the session, disruptive behaviour is not tolerated. Disruptive children will receive warnings then will be asked to sit out but for no longer than 1 minute. If the behaviour is consistent then the instructor will speak to parents at the end of the session.
Some equipment we use in the clubs can carry an element of risk if misused (e.g. fire lighting / whittling). A safety demonstration is always given, and it is ultimately up to the instructor whether the group or certain children will be allowed to go ahead with the activity on the day. If the children have not demonstrated they can use the equipment responsibly and risk causing harm to themselves or others, then the activity will have to be stopped and the instructor will play games instead.
We operate a three-strike policy in which extreme behaviour, such as aggression, bullying or misusing equipment, will result in a "strike" against the child's name. Parents will be informed after a strike is issued and if three are issued over a term then we will be forced to ask that child to leave the club.
We ask for your support in ensuring we can work to resolve negative behaviour and encourage children to enjoy and participate fully in the activities, for us to maintain a fun and safe environment for all!
STAMP CARDS Each member of the club receives a stamp card which contains different skills and "ranks" for them to earn throughout their time with The Outdoors Project. Each time they attend they will receive one stamp with the potential to earn more by impressing instructors during the session! Once they fill up a stamp book completely they will receive a gift from us as a reward each time, so please make sure to pack their stamp cards and feel free to chat to an instructor after sign out if we need to catch up on any missed stamps. These are meant as a positive reward for the great work that they do at the clubs!
I am extremely impressed with the programme and how it is organised. My child LOVES it.
The staff are all professional, kind and caring towards the kids and dedicated to the cause!
Very well organised - both boys always want to go and to continue each term.
The club is well structured and all children have fun. Good feedback from staff to parents about any issues relating to your child.
The Outdoors Project has helped my son build his resilience and confidence.
My son loves the Outdoors Project! He is usually shy and reluctant to try new things but always has fun at the outdoors project. In fact, I think it is giving him a lot of confidence socially.
I really value the variety and opportunity each week. The positive vibe and support from the staff.
The club teaches good skills and encourages team work. It is well supervised.
It's Amazing! Social skills, leadership, always different themes, learn to be an individual!!
Next: AFTER SCHOOL CLUB REPORT - Spring Term 2019. Find out what we've been up to this term.


The administrator of the £12 billion fund for Gulf oil spill victims has been told by BP that his formula for determining final payments is too generous.
A document purporting to be from a major business was posted on the Gulf Coast Claims Facility's (GCCF)website.
The name of the business and other identifying references were removed, but a spokeswoman for the fund confirmed the comments were written by BP.


GMA Kapuso network artist Mark Herras admitted (umamin) that he has a child already, a 3 month old baby girl. A tell all story that he revealed this afternoon in Startalk. He finally revealed the truth behind the child issue. And yes it's true that he has a child. Though, Mark Herras didn't name the mother of his child. But she's 5 years older than Mark Herras. No photo of his baby girl was revealed online. So let's all just wait for it soon.
Mark said on the interview this afternoon, Sunday, February 24, 2014, the name of his child or baby girl is Ada.


Heart disease, diabetes, and obesity are among the serious conditions that can result from a poor diet. Creating healthy food environments is vital to preventing these serious conditions and promoting the well-being of our communities.
Hospitals and community-based organizations play a critical part in promoting food environments that support healthy eating. This is why, on May 15, 2017 from 10 am – 4 pm, the New York Academy of Medicine, in partnership with the Community Food Funders, hosted the Partners in Health: Community Food Programs and Hospital Partnerships in New York convening. This event created a place for CBOs working to improve the food system and hospital/health system leaders across New York State to come together, share information, and explore potential partnerships.
It is our hope that by bringing hospital/health system leaders and community-based organizations together, we can help foster potential partnerships that will promote greater access to healthy food across our state's communities.
Health Care: What value can CBOs bring to population health?
Food: How and why to partner with a hospital?
Following our panelists, the convening participants gathered together in small group breakout sessions around topics like emergency food, local procurement, and hospital food environment.
A huge thank you to everyone who joined us on May 15, 2017 for this important work!


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Dressage: FEI: European Championships: BRITISH TAKE THE LEAD IN TEAM CHAMPIONSHIP AS DUJARDIN SHINES by Louise Parkes
Charlotte Dujardin and Valegro produced a sparkling test to put Great Britain in the lead after the first day of the team competition at the FEI European Dressage Championships 2011 in Rotterdam, The Netherlands today. Photo: FEI/Peter Nixon.
FEI EUROPEAN DRESSAGE CHAMPIONSHIPS 2011 - Day 1, Team Championship
Rotterdam (NED), 17 August 2011
FEI TV: Join us LIVE on FEI TV for high quality, uninterrupted coverage of the FEI European Dressage Championships 2011 at www.feitv.org
Charlotte Dujardin (GBR) and Valegro created a great buzz of excitement with a delightful late-morning test at the FEI European Dressage Championships 2011 in Rotterdam, The Netherlands today that put the British on course for team gold for the first time in the 25-year history of the event.
A score of 78.830 from the 26 year old who has been working as stable-rider for team-mate Carl Hester for the last four years, has cemented the British position. And it is now up to Dujardin's boss, Hester riding the exciting Uthopia, and to Laura Bechtolsheimer with Mistral Hojris, to capitalise on the advantage provided by their considerably less-experienced colleague whose score, along with that of veteran Emile Faurie's mark of 70.426 with Elmegardens Marquis, brought the British tally to 149.256.
Germany lies second as the action resumes in the morning, but they are heading the third-placed defending champions from The Netherlands by only just over a single point, so the battle for silver and bronze promises to be a close-fought affair.
HELD THE LEAD
Second into the arena, it was Helen Langehanenberg (GER) and Damon Hill NRW who held the lead after the first tranche of riders completed. But there was a tension about the work produced by the German duo who were awarded a score of 71.079. Meanwhile Faurie's calm, controlled ride on the big bay gelding Elmegardens Marquis included some lovely piaffe, but few could have expected that his compatriot Dujardin would produce a personal-best performance on her debut at championship level to place the British in a position of such strength.
Christoph Korschel and Donnperignon bolstered German chances with a score of 71.444 just before Dujardin entered the arena. But, like Langehanenberg, he admitted afterwards that his test included too many mistakes. "In the tempi changes we are normally good, but we lost a lot of points there and it was disappointing for me, I expected more", Koschel said afterwards.
In contrast, Dujardin had no such complaints. From the outset her test oozed confidence and coordination, her relationship with the nine-year-old Valegro played out through her lightness of hand as they blended together for a flowing performance that began with an average score of 8.9 for extended trot and hardly wavered. It was clear the judges were enjoying what they were seeing, and as Ground Jury President, Poland's Wojtek Markowski, said afterwards, "it was a fantastic ride for Charlotte!".
In her first season at Grand Prix level, Dujardin is already a sensation. "This feels amazing, I'm thrilled even to get here, very excited, very keen and wanting to do well", she said today. Asked if she felt under huge pressure this morning, she explained that Valegro had done all his work to perfection during the warm-up so she was amazed when he produced the same result in his test. But her attitude helps her a lot. "I don't see going into the arena any different from outside. I go down the centre line like I do at home, I forget about where I am and I just concentrate", she explained.
In stark contrast, that centre line has become something of an issue for The Netherlands' Hans Peter Minderhoud and Exquis Nadine. The mare, now 16, really lost her cool in the closing stages of their test during last year's Alltech FEI World Equestrian Games™ in Kentucky and although she held firm in the earlier part of her test today there was a mistake after the extended canter "and going down the centre line I never know what she is going to do!" the rider admitted. He held her together, but, as he said "I hoped to do a little better". The pair earned a mark of 70.912 which, when added to the impressive 70.578 from relative newcomer Sander Marijnissen riding Moedwill, brought the Dutch tally to 141.490, just 1.033 behind the German first-day total. Nadine of course has had a long and remarkable career that has embraced European and World Championships along with Olympic Games.
All eyes are now, however, on the British going into tomorrow's second-half of the team event. They took team silver at the FEI European Championships in Lipica, Slovenia in 1993, Faurie was a member of the side that claimed bronze at Hickstead in 2003 and two years ago, again on their home turf at Windsor, they were silver medallists once again. It seems the path to gold is clearly laid out before them - but Hester and Bechtosheimer have to take them the rest of the way.
Result (at halfway stage of team championship):
1. Great Britain 149.256 - Elmegardens Marquis (Emile Faurie) 70.426, Valegro (Charlotte Dujardin) 78.830;
2, Germany 142.523 - Damon Hill NRW (Helen Langehanenberg) 71.079, Donnperignon (Christoph Koschel) 71.444;
3, The Netherlands 141.490 - Moedwill (Sander Marijnissen) 70.578, Exquis Nadine (Hans Peter Minderhoud) 70.912;
4, Denmark 138.602 - Jonstrupgaardens Raneue (Lisbeth Seierskilde) 69.970, Exquis Clearwater (Anne van Olst) 68.632;
5, Sweden 134.787 - Bocelli 1044 (Rose Mathisen) 68.024, Lennox (Cecilia Dorselius) 66.763;
6, Spain 134.742 - Faberge (Beatriz Ferrer-Salat) 67.742, Jade de MV (Claudio Castilla Ruiz) 66.900; 7, Switzerland 130.851 - Ronaldo 11 (Markus Graf) 64.696, Rokoko N (Elisabeth Eversfield-Koch) 66.155;
8, France 128.526 - Le Guerrier (Anne-Sophie Serre) 65.152, Passe Partout (Sebastien Duperdu) 63.374;
9, Finland 127.812 - Axis TSF (Terhi Stegars) 68.131, MD Waterford (Alexandra Malstrom) 59.681; 10, Belgium 127.402 - Question de Liberte (Johan Zagers) 62.584, Donnerfee (Claudia Fassaert) 64.818;
11, Norway 124.149 - Orlando (Cathrine Rasmussen) 63.906, Carte d'Or (Camilla Kalseth) 60.243;
12, Poland 68.650 - Martini (Beata Stremier) 69.650;
13, Portugal 67.173 - Ziripiti (Maria Caetano) 67.173;
14, Austria 66.474 - Fabriano 58 (Renate Voglsang) 66.474;
15, Italy 61.292 - Harmonia (Ester Soldi) 61.292;
16, Russian Federation 55.699 - Vodevil (Yulia Vinnitskaja) 55.699.
Full results at http://goo.gl/b23Od
Facts and Figures:
30 riders competed on the first day of the Team Competition at the FEI European Dressage Championships in Rotterdam, The Netherlands today.
Great Britain's Charlotte Dujardin and Valegro set the arena alight when last into the arena this morning with a great test that earned a mark of 78.830.
Charlotte, 26 years old, has been stable-rider for team-mate Carl Hester for the last four years.
This is her first season of Grand Prix competition.
16 nations are competing in the team event at the FEI European Dressage Championships 2011.
British team member Emile Faurie, talking about his horse Elmegardens Marquis "I was pleased with him, he was relaxed and did everything I asked of him today".
Germany's Helen Langehanenberg "I was happy with my horse but sadly we had some mistakes - they were bad for us and expensive for us."
Britain's Charlotte Dujardin, when asked if Valegro, which is owned by Carl Hester, is for sale "He's not mine - I don't know!"
Britain's Charlotte Dujardin - "I have the best job in the world - I have nothing but fun working for Carl. I have been riding Valegro since he was five and he was very successful as a young horse. He's like a power machine, he's always with me and he was great today. He's never seen cameras before or anything like that, but he just takes it all in his stride".
Labels: British News, Dressage, European Championships
Dressage: FEI: European Championships: BRITISH TA...
Dressage: European Championships: Brits head the...
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Q: How to flush side-aligned images before the end of an h3 section? I am preparing in html a post that will be published in a wordpress website, with a lot of right-aligned images. I'd like the images to appear within the
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Is there a way in HTML to request that all images be flushed before displaying further text?
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A: I have found a quick and dirty hack for this.
Before the
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I am not sure how robust that is.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Telesat successfully launches Telstar 18 VANTAGE
(10 September 2018 - Telesat) Telesat announced today the successful launch of its new Telstar 18 VANTAGE high throughput satellite (HTS) aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket.
Liftoff occurred on Monday, September 10th, from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. Built by SSL, a Maxar Technologies Company, Telstar 18 VANTAGE is the third HTS in Telesat's global fleet with capacity that delivers a new level of performance and value for satellite broadband requirements on land, at sea and in the air.
Telstar 18 VANTAGE will replace and expand on the capabilities of Telesat's Telstar 18 satellite with its extensive C-band capacity over Asia, its Ku-band HTS spot beams over Indonesia and Malaysia, and its five additional regional Ku-band beams. Operating from 138 degrees East, the satellite's coverage reaches across Asia all the way to Hawaii – in both C and Ku-band – enabling direct connectivity between any point in Asia and the Americas. Its innovative Ku-band payloads of HTS spot beams and focused regional beams will provide customers operating in Southeast Asia, Mongolia, Australia & New Zealand, and the North Pacific Ocean with greater choice and flexibility to serve today's bandwidth intensive applications.
Telesat VANTAGE satellites combine focused regional beams with powerful HTS spot beams enabling users to maximize throughout and spectral efficiency while optimizing network performance. By implementing these advances on Telstar 18 VANTAGE, Telesat customers across the Asia Pacific region now have a competitive edge in meeting growing demand for satellite broadband from aero and maritime service providers, enterprise network operators and leading telecom companies.
"Telstar 18 VANTAGE is the latest example of how Telesat's innovative payload designs provide our customers with the advantages they need to compete successfully in today's satellite service markets," said Dan Goldberg, Telesat's President and CEO. "Telstar 18 VANTAGE is a state-of-the art spacecraft that not only replaces Telstar 18, a satellite in wide use across Asia and the Pacific, but brings far greater capabilities including Ku-band mobility coverage and HTS spot beams that will allow Telesat to grow our presence in the region. We would like to thank SpaceX for the successful launch of Telstar 18 VANTAGE and for their dedication and professionalism throughout this mission."
Telesat's Newest Satellite
SpaceX successfully launched Telstar 18 VANTAGE to Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO) aboard a new Falcon 9 rocket. Liftoff was from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. Shortly after liftoff, Telesat's newest satellite with a launch mass of 7,011 kg was deployed from the Falcon 9.
Telstar 18 VANTAGE is expected to enter commercial service after it has successfully completed orbit raising and comprehensive in-orbit testing. As previously announced, Telesat has partnered with APT Satellite of Hong Kong in the design and procurement of this new spacecraft, which APT calls Apstar-5C. The satellite has a 15 year design life.
About Telesat
Telesat is a leading global satellite operator, providing reliable and secure satellite-delivered communications solutions worldwide to broadcast, telecom, corporate and government customers. Headquartered in Ottawa, Canada, with offices and facilities around the world, the company's state-of-the-art fleet consists of 17 GEO satellites, the Canadian payload on ViaSat-1 and one Phase 1 LEO satellite which is the start of Telesat's planned global LEO satellite constellation that will offer low latency, high throughput broadband services. Telesat is also a leading technical consultant providing high value expertise and support to satellite operators, insurers and other industry participants on a global basis. Privately held, Telesat's principal shareholders are Canada's Public Sector Pension Investment Board and Loral Space & Communications Inc. (NASDAQ: LORL).
Global Eagle to collaborate with Telesat on Its Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite program
SatADSL, Global Telesat and RascomStar join forces to connect Africa
Optus Satellite to begin testing and trials on Telesat's recently launched Phase 1 Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite
Comtech awarded multi-million dollar order from Telesat for infrastructure equipment in Canada's northern communities
OmniAccess to begin testing and trials on Telesat's recently launched Phase 1 LEO satellite
SSTL confirms the successful launch of CARBONITE-2 and Telesat LEO Phase 1 satellite
Telesat begins deploying LEO constellation with successful launch of Phase 1 satellite
SSL small satellite for Telesat delivered to launch base in Eastern Russia
FCC grants US market access to Telesat for its global LEO satellite constellation
Sat Space Africa contracts for additional Telesat capacity to meet growing demand across Africa


So, I'm continuing to answer that question as to how exactly marijuana relieves pain.
And, this is part 3 of 3.
Have you seen the movie Project X? It's basically about 2 high schoolers who on a quest to become popular throw a house party. The scene from the morning after shows that the entire neighborhood has burned down. This is inflammation. It has the potential to wreak total and utter havoc on your body.
So imagine that marijuana is a cop that happens to be passing by this party. Before the chaos of inflammation ensues, he decides to take control of the situation.
So, he calls in the T-regs (T-regulatory cells) as back-up. They're there for damage control – to make sure to prevent the body from attacking itself even further.
In the meanwhile, marijuana goes after the high schoolers that are causing a ruckus. These would the be immune cells that are causing inflammation.
Marijuana also confiscates the high schoolers cell phones. These would be the cytokines, which are chemicals produced by the immune cells, to signal the start and stop of inflammation.
So there you have it. Another way that medical marijuana reduces pain.
You know the drill…if you have questions for me, post them in the comments section below. I'll answer them in the next blog.


text:
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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TeslaBot Expectations: What Tesla needs to show at AI DAY 2022 to impress
Tesla's AI Day 2022 is scheduled for September 30th, just a week from today (October 1st for Australians). As the second part of their Artificial Intelligence event grows closer, it's worth considering what we're about to see and outlining some expectations for what we should expect from the biggest mystery.. the working prototype of TeslaBot.
While AI at Tesla encompasses everything from their FSD software to Autobidder on their Megapacks, the single biggest unknown, is their humanoid robot, first announced over a year ago, on August 20, 2021.
Companies have been working on humanoid robots for decades, so to imagine what's possible in just a year is difficult, but this is Tesla, so expectations are high.
Here's what Tesla needs to do to impress me at AI Day 2022 with TeslaBot.
Design and meetng the spec sheet
When TeslaBot was announced, we saw a stationary mannequin that was designed to do one thing – let us know Tesla's intention for a form factor. The design is sleek, more human-like than we'd seen before. Sure there are humanoid robots, but these are typically large and cumbersome and noisy.
One of Tesla's first tests will be to shrink the electronics in the TeslaBot to fit inside the envelope provided by the humanoid form. It's easy to imagine the first working prototype is slightly larger and can be reduced in size over time, before Tesla really commercialised it for other businesses or even private citizens to purchase it.
During the announcement, Elon Musk revealed that the TeslaBot would have the following specs:
Height: 5 foot 8 inches tall, or 172 cm.
Weight: 125 pounds or 56 kilograms.
Speed: 5 Miles per hour or 8 kilometres per hour.
Carrying Capacity: 45 pounds or 20.4 kilograms
Deadlift: 150 pounds or 68 kilograms
Arm extend lift: 10 pounds or 4.5 kilograms
In most companies, they'd have a working prototype before making claims about capabilities, but I believe Tesla are so confident in their computer simulations that they likely didn't have a TeslaBot working to the point where these capabilities were actually tested. Now a year on, they should have, so it'll be very interesting to see if they meet or exceed these values.
A face of data or personality
I think Tesla needs to show the display on the head working, as this will give us further insight into how Tesla thinks about Humanoids.
When you interact with the TeslaBot will it have eyes, will it blink, will it smile, or will it be a more generic, non-threatening light sequence, similar to when you speak to voice assistants like Amazon's Alexa.
There will be times where having the display be useful, like displaying remaining battery life, or the progress on tasks like – pallets unloaded today 3/15. Tesla says it will first use their TeslaBot in their own Gigafactories, so applications like this make the most sense in that context, but the longer-term vision for the bot is much broader.
If TeslaBot is to accommodate human/robot interactions, say in education, aged care or customer service, then having the ability to visually express themselves with digital eye movements, or moving lips (particularly for deaf people who lip-read), will be important. While it's possible Tesla will anthropomorphize their robot and create something like Sonny from the movie iRobot, that's likely much further away, with the immediate need to make the robot functionally walk first, before they can run.
Seeing a working display, will be important to helping us understand how Tesla thinks about how humans and robots should and could interact.
Walking human-like and not falling over
The reason TeslaBot will exist in the world and millions of dollars are being spent on its development, is so it can be deployed to tasks that are boring, repetitive and/or unsafe for humans. This means the humanoid form is used to enable the robot to replace humans in specific roles.
One of the most basic tasks the TeslaBot is likely to be deployed to is to move items (likely car parts) around the factory and therefore walking between the inbound deliveries and the production line, is critical.
If the bot walks like a robot, fine, maybe we can get passed that, but given Tesla's focus on AI, I would expect that the TeslaBot has learned how to walk naturally, very human-like, by leveraging reinforcement learning.
There's a great video by Hybrid Robotics out of UC Berkeley that shows a bipedal robot learning to walk, but then being able to accommodate different floor surfaces and different payloads. These start with computer simulations and training and are then applied to the real world. If this is what's happening at universities a year ago, I'd imagine, well-resourced, incredibly talented engineers at Tesla can meet and beat this capability.
It'd be really nice to avoid another Cybertruck window smashing incident, so I really hope the robot does not fall down, at least not by accident. It is possible that Tesla shows an ability for the TeslaBot to recover in the unlikely event that it does fall over.
If the TeslaBot can do this, it would provide confidence the robot is fairly self-sufficient and would be unlikely to require human intervention, even in the worst-case scenario.. important if you're trying to replace humans, just like understanding its running out of battery and going to find the nearest charger.
Battery Life and Charging
There's been no detail shared on the battery life expectations for TeslaBot, but that's an incredibly important figure to understand just how useful the Bot can be. If the TeslaBot is designed to replace the work done by a human on an 8 hour shift, 8 hours would be a decent objective to have. Eventually, it'd be nice to think the Bot could far exceed what a human could do, remembering that humans typically take breaks for lunch etc inside that envelope.
The length of time TeslaBot can operate depends on two key things. The first is the battery capacity available and the second being how efficient the electronics are.
It is not known which cell technology Tesla will use in the TeslaBot. It's possible they use the most power-dense cells they have, the 4680s, which would mean they could use the fewest amount of cells, for great battery life. There are definitely challenges with using 4680s.. firstly, they're in short supply, going into Texas-made Model Ys, soon to go in the Tesla Semi and next year going into the Cybertruck and potentially even the Roadster (although more likely 2024).
This means adding the TeslaBot to the list demand for 4680s is unlikely, paired with the fact the larger diameter of the 4680 would make it really difficult to fit inside the thinner parts of the humanoid design. Like in Tesla's vehicles, you'd want the majority of the weight to be low to the ground, but there's not a lot of room for large cylindrical cells in the legs.
It's possible that as Tesla transitions more of its vehicles to use the new 4680s, that supply of their 2170 cells, manufactured by partners, could be a great candidate for the TeslaBot. The question is, do these have enough energy to power the TeslaBot for more than a couple of hours at a time?
In the factory setting, Tesla could have hundreds of these bots that work in shifts, charging/working/charging/working and with enough Bots in the workforce, battery life may not matter as much as we think it does, but the consequences of more bots are more cost, remembering the whole goal is to be less cost and more productivity than a human.
There's an outside chance that Tesla uses a completely different battery form factor for the TeslaBot to facilitate great energy density while accommodating the tight form factor they set themselves with the humanoid robot, but the effort required makes this seem incredibly unlikely.
Tesla has to talk about how the bot recharges itself. That in itself is an expectation, that it could self-charge if it requires a human, the value proposition kind of breaks down. In theory, there are many options here, but the most likely seems to be that the feet of the bot would be able to stand on a dock and recharge, similar to how our robot vacuums do it.
I expect Tesla's work on Superchargers to pay dividends when it comes to the charging infrastructure, however when we're talking about charging infrastructure inside buildings, this needs to be a simple solution that doesn't require large capital works to achieve.
A recharge time of 30-60 minutes would be really inviting, a recharge window overnight is certainly less exciting.
Navigating a dynamic environment with Computer Vision
When Tesla announced they were making a robot, most people kind of accepted they'd be able to do it, despite having no experience in building robots (except the robot on wheels known as their cars).
The reason I, and many others believe Tesla has a reasonable chance at creating something really capable here, is due to their work on AI, as part of developing their autonomy stack for the cars. What we see from the FSD Beta videos is Tesla's ability to combine multiple camera feeds, send it to the FSD computer for processing and infer a lot about the world around it.
If Tesla takes this same principle and much of the same hardware stack, and applies it to a robot, it's conceivable that the robot will be able to understand the world around it in a way we've never seen from a robot before. Most competitors use an instruction set that is hand-crafted by programmers which are very fragile because the second you have an unexpected variation, the outcome will quickly become unpredictable.
TeslaBot will use a very different, using the camera to create a view of the environment around it, monitoring for change and adapting accordingly. In the car context, Tesla refers to something called driveable space, or in Ashok's latest video, they progressed to use an occupancy network. In the robot context, this would effectively be walkable space and isn't done in two dimensions, but 3.
What I want to see is Tesla demonstrate their ability to adapt to a changing environment. Throw a broom down in the path the robot was walking on and have it step over the broom, or better yet, pick it up, so others don't have to.
I'd love to see a demonstration of it looking at a series of objects, selecting the right one, based on the task list provided, and then delivering that to a location, perhaps through a series of doors. These doors could be open, closed, with different handles etc, to show the diversity of applications the TeslaBot could deal with.
The real key here is to demonstrate Tesla's strength in computer vision, that is, to understand objects in a 3D space, then the challenge is finding what's possible in terms of tasks and how difficult it is to train TeslaBot in new environments and tasks.
Learning, Training and the Marketplace of ideas
I expect that Tesla has to go into detail about how TeslaBot learns. What does it take to train TeslaBot for new skills and is it exclusively Tesla, or is there a platform where others can help.
TeslaBot could have a learning mode, where it observes you perform a task, let's say get a drink out of the fridge and place it on the coffee table. It may ask you to perform the task a number of times until it's able to perform the task for you.
Another scenario is that this learning mode requires you to pose the robot and the software can animate and automate the movements between the poses to achieve the task.
Another possibility is that Tesla releases a TeslaBot Motion Cap suit where those businesses who need to train the bot in regular tasks, wear the suit, perform the task, then the data is fed back to Tesla to then have the bot learn how to perform the task. While this certainly sounds like lot of work, let's say this takes 10 hours of work, but it would then enable the robot to replace thousands of hours per year and accommodate a variety of differences in the environment and work 24/7.
I would love to see Tesla allow 3rd parties to develop skills for the bot and sell them on a marketplace. Others looking to have their bot perform the same task could skip the training time and simply purchase the skill through their Tesla app, while Tesla takes a cut along the way.
The Next Date
At AI Day 2021, we got the TeslaBot announcement. At AI Day 2022, we're going to find out a lot more information about the bot and see a working prototype. What we don't know is the next date in the timeline, is it for Tesla to build a hundred prototypes and trial them in the factory during 2023, before making them commercially in 2024?
Will they ever sell directly to consumers and if they do, what's an expected price point? It's worth remembering the Boston Dynamics Spot costs US$75,000 and won't have nearly the functionality of a humanoid robot. If you can replace a worker in a factory and it'll work around the clock without breaks, holidays, sick pay, superannuation, overtime etc then it's likely going to be worth a lot more to a business.
I love the idea of consumers buying TeslaBot for $10-$50k, but in reality, I think we're many, many years away before that happens.
Impress me
To impress me at AI Day 2022, Tesla needs to show a TeslaBot prototype that:
Is the form factor shown a year ago
Walks like a human
Has a digital face (shows data as well as eyes etc)
Can understand some level of voice command (even if it's just stop)
Leverages Computer Vision to select one object from many
Adapts to a dynamic environment
Avoids Humans
Opens doors
Walks up/down stairs
Can deal with different floor surfaces
Can get up if it falls over
Can charge itself
Lasts longer than 2 hours on a charge
If TeslaBot can identify that an object needs to be moved, but is too heavy for a single bot and can team up with other bots to lift it (as humans would do), that will be amazing.


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text:
Bruto, soprannominato Gancetto, è un personaggio immaginario dei fumetti della Disney creato da Romano Scarpa nel dicembre 1975 nella storia "Topolino e il rampollo di Gancio" (pubblicata su Topolino N.1048). È apparso come protagonista o comprimario in decine di storie a fumetti realizzate in vari paesi del mondo.

Caratteristiche del personaggio
È un merlo indiano (in originale mynah bird), anche se spesso viene indicato come un corvo antropomorfo, ed è il figlio adottivo di Gancio il Dritto (che infatti lo chiama figlioccio), da cui il soprannome Gancetto. In Topolino e il rampollo di Gancio Gancio racconta di averlo trovato quando militava nella Legione straniera; un predone catturato dai legionari rivela a Gancio che il proprio figlio è rimasto solo nel loro nascondiglio tra le rovine romane, e lo prega di lasciare che egli vada a recuperarlo; Gancio lo libera, ma il predone ne approfitta per fuggire. Il piccolo tra le rovine però c'è davvero, per quanto non sia figlio del bandito, e Gancio decide di adottarlo, venendo per questo motivo espulso dalla Legione.

Come il suo "padrino", Bruto può usare gli arti anteriori sia come mani sia come ali per volare. Indossa solitamente un cappellino da giocatore di baseball, simile a quelli di Qui, Quo, Qua. Spesso Gancio affida il figlio a Topolino senza preavviso, perché deve partire per qualche pericolosa missione; Bruto affianca, così, Topolino nelle sue avventure e lo aiuta a risolvere numerosi misteri, soprattutto nelle storie di Romano Scarpa come Topolino e il Pippo-lupo (1977), Topolino e l'enigma di Brigaboom (1989), Topolino e la banda dello sternuto (1990) e Topolino e gli uomini-vespa (1991); è stato poi ripreso, come spalla di Topolino, da Casty in grandi storie come Topolino e il mistero pop (2004), in cui Bruto risulta essere un fan sfegatato della musica pop, o Topolino e la minaccia piccolina (2017).

Bruto ha fatto la sua prima e unica apparizione nei cartoni animati all'interno della Camminata Disney, sigla animata realizzata da Romano Scarpa nel 1982 per il programma Topolino show.

Note

Collegamenti esterni
 Scheda di Bruto su I.N.D.U.C.K.S.

Personaggi dell'universo di Topolino
Personaggi dei fumetti Disney
Corvidi immaginari


text:
Home /Endogenous Geodynamics /Research /
Formation and evolution of melts in subduction zones
Subduction zones are the geologically most active regions of the Earth with strong earthquakes and explosive volcanic eruptions. This is also where much of the continental crust is formed through processes of melting and crystallization. We investigate how and why melts form at subduction zones and what the effects of subducted material such as sediments is. We also study how magmas change during uplift and what the consequences are for the formation of volcanoes and for the structure of the Earth's crust.
Our areas of work on this topic are the Aegean Sea and the Tonga-Kermadec and Solomon Islands-Vanuatu subduction zones in the SW Pacific.
Beier, C., Haase, K.M., Brandl, P.A., and Krumm, S.H., 2017. Primitive andesites from the Taupo Volcanic Zone formed by magma mixing. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 172, doi:10.1007/s00410-017-1354-0.
Schaarschmidt, A., Klemd, R., Regelous, M., Voudouris, P.C., Melfos, V., and Haase, K.M., 2021. The formation of shoshonitic magma and its connection to porphyry-type mineralisation: the Maronia pluton in NE Greece. Lithos 380-381, 105911, doi: 1016/j.lithos.2020.105911.
Schoenhofen, M.V., Woelki, D., Haase, K.M., Beier, C., and Regelous, M., 2020. Chemical evolution of calc-alkaline magmas during the ascent through continental crust: constraints from Methana, Aegean arc. Journal of Petrology 61, doi: 1093/petrology/egaa036.
Woelki, D., Regelous, M., Haase, K.M., Romer, R.H.W., and Beier, C., 2018. Petrogenesis of boninitic lavas from the Troodos Ophiolite, and comparison with Izu-Bonin-Mariana fore-arc crust. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 498, 203-214. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2018.06.041
Magmatic and hydrothermal processes of metal enrichment
The cooling of melts in the earth's crust leads to the circulation of hot solutions, whereby metals are dissolved and partially precipitated again in the form of ores. Many melts from the Earth's interior also have dissolved volatile components such as water, carbon dioxide or sulfur, which degas during ascent and thus also mobilize metals. The combination of the various processes leads to the formation of hydrothermal solutions that can chemically alter large areas of the Earth's crust and precipitate significant concentrations of metals such as copper, molybdenum, or silver as sulfur compounds. We study the magmatic and hydrothermal processes involved in the formation of different types of ore deposits. Our areas of work on this topic are the Aegean Sea and the Tonga-Kermadec and Solomon Islands-Vanuatu subduction zones in the SW Pacific.
Keith, M., Häckel, F., Haase, K.M., Schwarz-Schampera, U., and Klemd, R., 2016. Trace element systematics of pyrite from submarine hydrothermal vents. Ore Geol. Rev., doi: 1016/j.oregeorev.2015.07.012.
Schmidt, K., Garbe-Schönberg, D., Hannington, M.D., Anderson, M.O., Bühring, B., Haase, K., Haruel, C., Lupton, J.E., Koschinsky, A., 2017. Boiling vapour-type fluids from the Nifonea vent field (New Hebrides Back-Arc, Vanuatu, SW Pacific): Geochemistry of an early-stage, post-eruptive hydrothermal system. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 207, 185-209.
Falkenberg, J., Keith, M., Haase, K. M., Bach, W., Klemd, R., Strauss, H., Yeo, I. A., Rubin, K. H., Anderson, M. O., 2021. Effect of fluid boiling on volatile element and Au enrichment in submarine hydrothermal sulphides, Niua South, Tonga arc. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 307, 105-132.
Keith, M., Smith, D. J., Doyle, K., Holwell, D. A., Jenkin, G. R. T., Barry, T. L., Becker, J., Rampe, J., 2020. Pyrite chemistry: A new window into Au and Te ore-forming processes in alkaline epithermal districts, Cripple Creek, Colorado. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 274, 172-191.
Martin, A.J., Keith, M., McDonald, I., Haase, K.M., McFall, K., Klemd, R., and MacLeod, C., 2019. Trace element systematics and ore-forming processes in mafic VMS deposits: Evidence from the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus. Ore Geology Reviews 106, 205-225. doi: 1016/j.oregeorev.2019.01.24
Magmatic processes in oceanic and continental rifting zones
Large-scale tectonic processes lead to stretching and thinning of the Earth's lithospheric plates, so that often melts are formed in the Earth's mantle and volcanoes occur at both continental and oceanic stretching regions. Stretching causes new lithosphere to form at rates of several centimeters per year at mid-ocean ridges, and the basaltic melts that form here build up the oceanic crust. We study the interplay of tectonic and magmatic processes in the formation of the crust and volcanoes. Our working areas on this topic are the Azores in the oceanic and the Central European Rift System in the continental.
Regelous, M., Weinzierl, C.G., and Haase, K.M., 2016. Controls on melting at spreading ridges from correlated abyssal peridotite – mid-ocean ridge basalt compositions. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 449, 1-11.
Haase, K.M., Beier, C., Regelous, M., Rapprich, V., and Renno, A., 2017. Spatial variability of source composition and petrogenesis in rift and rift flank alkaline lavas from the Eger Rift, Central Europe. Chemical Geology 455, 304-314. doi: 1016/j.chemgeo.2016.11.003.
Romer, R.H.W., Beier, C., Haase, K.M., Klügel, A., and Hamelin A., 2019, Progressive changes in magma transport at the active Serreta Ridge, Azores. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 20,5394-5414. Doi: 10.1029/2019GC008562.
Storch, B., Haase, K.M., Beier, C., Romer, R.H.W., and Koppers, A.A.P., 2020. Rifting of the Azores Plateau by alternating magmatic and tectonic phases. Scientific Reports 10, 19718, doi: 1038/s41598-020-76691-1.


ICAS has over 20 international communities, including New York, Sydney and Hong Kong.
Council is seeking approval to harmonise global fees gradually by 2018.
Members will be asked to vote on these changes at the SGM on 24 April 2015.
ICAS Council is seeking approval from members to harmonise non-EU subscription rates with EU membership fees over a three year period.
ICAS Council is seeking approval from members at April's Special General Meeting (SGM) for a proposal to harmonise the non-EU subscription rates with EU membership fees gradually by 2018.
This is to address an anomaly where members in European countries currently pay more than members elsewhere in the world.
The proposal recommends that the fees are aligned over a three year period, starting in 2016. The current EU (including the UK) membership fee is £438.
ICAS is recommending the harmonisation of fees due to its increasing international network, influence and activities. This year will see ICAS enter the next phase of its digital transformation to serve and support CAs around the world. International member networks and events have also been expanded significantly in recent years.
To hear more about our commitment to creating a global community, please watch this brief video.
ICAS now has over 20 international networks, including New York, Sydney and Hong Kong. These communities provide networking opportunities for members based overseas, as well as opportunities for members on secondment, or recently relocated, to meet with and connect to their local CA community.
Anton Colella, ICAS Chief Executive, said that ICAS was committed to ensuring that all members gain value from their membership, regardless of their location.
He said: "It seems unfair that members outside Europe pay a different rate. As a globally recognised qualification, non-EU members receive the same value from having the CA designation as other members. This also comes at a time when our technical, regulatory and influencing activities are increasingly international.
"Our digital investment to connect our membership across the world will also, over time, mean that members can access the same networks and knowledge wherever they are in the world. It removes the geographical barrier to accessing services like our new mentoring programme which are being taken up by members right across the globe.
"ICAS Council felt that this proposed change gives fairness with other categories of membership. The proposal also brings ICAS into alignment with other bodies which have increasingly moved towards harmonising their rates."
Ken Morrison, Chair of the ICAS Hong Kong community, commented: "ICAS is really encouraging its overseas members to connect with each other. Just recently we held a stimulating roundtable discussion event with The CA magazine on the future of Hong Kong, with ICAS members and others taking part, and we held an enjoyable dinner and reception for members to mark the visit of the President and Chief Executive.
"There are around 150 ICAS members in Hong Kong and we are increasingly encouraging CAs to make the most of this network."
* ICAS will be seeking membership approval for these changes at the SGM on 24 April (Venue - Hilton Grosvenor, Grosvenor Street, Haymarket, Edinburgh. Timings - 1.00pm lunch; 1.30 guest speaker; 2.15 SGM with AGM to follow; 3.15 close). For those unable to attend in person, online voting will open on 25 March 2015 and close at 12 noon on 22 April 2015.


Every cute girl has her own devils. Want to meet mine?
Good girl. I can be your friend and the best lover.
I want to learn English quickly so that it is easier for me to keep up a conversation with you. I want to be a good conversationalist and more often look at the camera and smile, and not type on the keyboard.


Did you know that diamond is the hardest substance known to man, and is 10 times harder than the second hardest substance created in nature corundum, more commonly known as Sapphire and Ruby.
The word diamond originates from the Greek word adamus meaning unconquerable and through a French translation we get the word adamant and curiously enough the word dame.
A lot of people think that diamonds cannot be damaged. Unfortunately this is not the case. Regrettably today, I am seeing more and more rings where the designers are either unaware of just how easy it is to damage a polished stone or just choose to ignore the fact when designing settings that do not protect the stones properly.
Diamonds have a grain like wood, and just like wood is tougher across the grain where you need to use a saw to cut but is easily split down the grain with a blunt instrument as wood with an axe or chisel.
When designing I take these things in to consideration so that your diamonds will not just look dazzling but will be safe.


The artwork, images and text of every type contained in this website are copyrighted by Bianka Craanen and protected by VG Bild-Kunst. Images may not copied, duplicated or reproduced in print, electronically or in any other way (unless otherwise stated on this site) without the written permission of Bianka Craanen; except that it be for your personal use only, as part of the normal process of page viewing. E-mail Bianka Craanen for specific permissions for other uses of all copyrighted material contained within this site.


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This guide shows you how to configure a Cisco SPA232D for use with your OntheNet VoIP service.
1. Connect the SPA232D to your modem using an Ethernet cable between the Internet port on the SPA232D and an Ethernet port on the modem.
2. Connect the SPA232D to mains power using the supplied power adapter – the Power and Internet LED on the ATA should then light up.
3. Connect an analogue telephone to the Phone port on the SPA232D using a phone cable.
1. The Cisco SPA232D will need to be connected to a modem for it to be configured (as above). How to connect and configure your modem for Internet access.
Open a web browser and type the IP address 192.168.15.1 into the address bar. If this does not bring up the configuration utility you will need to determine the IP address of your device. You can do this from the telephone connected to the ATA by dialling **** on the telephone (there will be no dial tone) and then 110# for the IVR to read back the IP address. Another option is to use command prompt within windows. Type "ipconfig" and use the default gateway address as the IP address.
SPA232D by default does not require username and password to log in. Click on admin login and then advanced.
If a personal prepaid service enter the Line ID/User ID from your OntheNet VoIP Service Details.
If a business service enter the SIP Trunk ID from your OntheNet VoIP Service Details.
Password: enter password from your OntheNet VoIP Service Details.
20. Click Submit to save changes.
21. The Internet and phone LED on the SPA232D should light up once it has registered with OntheNet.
22. Power cycle the SPA232D (disconnect/reconnect power).
23. Test the configuration by dialing the test number 8378 which will connect you to an echo test service if successful (nil charge).


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Bhadrakali Temple in Ahmedabad Gujarat
Here is Some information about Bhadrakali Temple in Ahmedabad Gujarat India.
Location: Jijabai Marg,Bhadra Fort,Lal Darvaja ,Ahmedabad.
inside Jijabai Marg,Bhadra Fort, Near Lal Darwaja, in the Ahmedabad - See more at: http://www.nrigujarati.co.in/Topic/1004/1/bhadrakali-temple-ahmedabad-history-timing-photos.html#sthash.aB2w8UCI.dpuf
Built in:During the rule of Aazam Khan
Built By: Aazam Khan
Dedicated to: Goddesh Bhadrakali
Entry: Free
Festival celebration: Navratri
Photography: Not Allow
Temple Timing: 6:00 Am to 10:30 Pm
Significance: One of the most temple in Ahmedabad.
Visiting Timing:20 Mins
Best time to Visit: During Navratri
Phone: +(91)-79-25351575
Nearest Railway Station:Ahmedabad Kalupur station.
Nearest Air Port: Ahmedabad
About Bhadrakali Temple in Ahmedabad
Goddesh Bhadrakali Temple is located at Jijabai Marg ,Bhadra fort,lal Darvaja in Ahmedabad.There are only 4 Bhadrakali temple in india.among them one of the temple which one.The Bhadrakali Temple of Ahmedabad was constructed during the rule of Aazam Khan. The Bhadrakali Temple in Ahmedabad was believed to be built by the Marathas in the medieval India.
The Bhadrakali Temple in Ahmedabad was believed to be built by the Marathas in the medieval India.Goddess Bhadrakali is worshiped by its devotee to acquire prosperity and wealth. Being one of the cogent deity in Hindu pantheon, the Bhadrakali Temple at Ahmedabad is visited by hordes of devout from across the country throughout the year.
The goddess is worshiped during famous Navaratri Festival which is also the main festival celebrated here with nine days of roars, cheers, dances and colourful outfits. This song and dance festival is the best time to visit this temple as you can dance to the tunes of traditional music, eat hearty food and enjoy to your fullest. Ahmedabad Bhadrakali Temple is worth visiting during this festival of song and dance. You will enjoy by dancing to the tunes of traditional music or eat hearty food if you visit the Bhadrakali Temple Ahmedabad during this time.
The goddess of the Bhadrakali Temple at Ahmedabad is worshiped during the famous Navaratri Festival in Ahmedabad. During the Navaratri Festival, which is considered as the major festival of the city, the Bhadrakali Temple is thoroughly decorated. The nine days festival is celebrated with great pomp and show in the temple premises. During this period, the Bhadrakali Temple witnesses thousands of tourists thronging in the Bhadrakali Temple to worship, dance in colorful outfits and enjoy the festival. Ahmedabad Bhadrakali Temple is worth visiting during this festival of song and dance. You will enjoy by dancing to the tunes of traditional music or eat hearty food if you visit the Bhadrakali Temple of Ahmedabad during this time.
The Bhadrakali Temple of Ahmedabad lies very near to the beautiful Azamkhan Palace and a beautiful garden. The Bhadrakali Temple is one of the oldest temples of the city that still survived the ravages of time. The temple is as old as the city of Ahmedabad.
History of Bhadrakali Temple in Ahmedabad
The name of Bhadrakali Temple was given after the dedicated to Goddess Bhadrakali Mata. Bhadrakali Maa Temple is Located inside Jijabai Marg,Bhadra Fort, Near Lal Darwaja, in the Ahmedabad city, Gujarat. The Bhadra fort once encompassed Approximately 12 gates, 189 bastions and 6000 battlements.
The Bhadrakali Temple In Ahmedabad was constructed during the rule of Aazam Khan. The Bhadrakali Temple in Ahmedabad was believed to be built by the Marathas in the medieval India.Goddess Bhadrakali is worshiped by its devotee to acquire prosperity and wealth. Being one of the cogent deity in Hindu pantheon, the Bhadrakali Temple at Ahmedabad is visited by hordes of devout from across the country throughout the year.
How to Reach Bhadrakali Temple in Ahmedabad
By Road: Ahmedabad has good highways connecting it to all major places in Gujarat and other states. Interstate buses of different states of India provide services to and from Ahmedabad.
By Rail: Ahmedabad has 3 Railway station one of Vatva,Maninagar and kalupur.The Kalupur Railway station is neatest station of Bhadrakali temple in ahmedabad.
By Air: The Nearest International Airport(10 Km) from Bhadrakali Temple.
Picture Gellery of Bhadrakali Temple
Google Map of Bhadrakali Temple in Ahmedabad