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Report on Ol Doinyo Lengai (Tanzania) — October 2005
Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network, vol. 30, no. 10 (October 2005)
Ol Doinyo Lengai (Tanzania) Lava continues to spill over crater rim through much of 2005
Global Volcanism Program, 2005. Report on Ol Doinyo Lengai (Tanzania). In: Wunderman, R. (ed.), Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network, 30:10. Smithsonian Institution. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN200510-222120.
Ol Doinyo Lengai
2.764°S, 35.914°E; summit elev. 2962 m
Vigorous eruptive activity was observed in July 2004, and visitors in January 2005 noted that a new crater rim overflow area had developed along the N rim (see report and map in BGVN 30:04). The mountain guide for Martin Haigh reported on 15 May that last lava flows had occurred in March.
Activity during 3-5 July 2005. During 3-5 July 2005 Bernard Marty and others visited the crater to conduct gas sampling. His report follows.
At the time of arrival (0800 on 3 July), sporadic lava flows of the aa type were emitted from a vent at the base of T56B, which was itself disrupted by an explosion, leaving an open cavity about 15 m in diameter. The lava was flowing toward the E overflow, but never reached the crater rim. At about 1130, lava was spilling violently from T58B and flowing towards the E overflow.
Sampling had to be interrupted at T46 due to the risk of a sudden lava flood in the sampling area, a real possibility if the thin W wall of T58B fractured following thermal erosion of the wall by molten lava in the lava lake. One hundred meters S of T46, close to the base of T47, a deep hole ~ 1.5 m diameter and bordered by lava splashes emitted a piercing sound. A pahoehoe lava flow was emitting high temperature gases with no visible steam.
A lava pond, not directly observed but for which bubble explosions were clearly visible, was discharging surges of lava towards the E rim while the adjacent T58C cone, now higher than T58B, was discharging high-velocity gases that occasionally splashed lava. The eruption lasted all day and the following night, with variations from steady-state outpouring with lower degassing, to bursts of large bubbles with enhanced lava emission. By the afternoon of 4 July the lava, which was then overflowing the E slope of the volcano, ignited a bush fire. The lava emission rate was estimated at about 0.3 m3/s, with a speed of ~ 2 m/s in the flat area toward the volcano's flank.
At 0500 on 5 July lava flows suddenly invaded the mountain camp's kitchen area to a depth of one meter. Fortunately no one was hurt, but the episode illustrated that there was no safe area within the N crater.
Activity during 19 July-9 August 2005. During 19 July-9 August a team of observers led by Fred Belton camped in the inactive S crater. They submitted the following report of the active N crater as viewed from the SE crater rim.
Activity during the past year was confined to the crater's central portion. Since its initial violent eruption from a hole in the crater floor on 15 July 2004, T58C has grown to a height of ~ 12 m and is at the time of this report the second highest cone in the crater, tall and narrow with large blocks scattered about the crater floor below, indicating that it has undergone some flank collapses in the preceding months. T49B has grown significantly taller since July 2004 and is the tallest feature in the crater, rising at least 15 m above its base.
T56B, which has remained open to the SE since July 2004, has grown a small cone on its SE flank. The new cone, which has not been named because it is so high on the flank of T56B, is being undermined by a large tunnel. The tunnel begins at the SE base of the small unnamed cone and extends under it to the open vent of T56B. Clearly the tunnel was a recent active feature, and the tunnel entrance appears to be the result of collapse during or after an eruption.
T58B contained a large and deep (10-12 m) open pit, which clearly indicated the presence of past lava-lake activity at two levels. The solid crust of a former lava lake about 4 m below the rim contained a hole near its center that opened into a much deeper chamber. At some point during the night of 4 August this deeper pit was filled by lava so that only the upper level remained.
T57B appeared unchanged from July 2004 until its S half was covered by a thick layer of fused spherical lapilli from a short but powerful eruption of T58C on 20-21 July (figure 85).
Figure 85. At 0100 on 21 July a short but powerful eruption from Ol Doinyo Lengai's T58C vent produced these fresh black lava flows and a lapilli field on the flank of T57B. This view is looking NW. Courtesy of Fred Belton.
Spatter cones T40, T46, T47, T51, T45, T37, T37B, and the ash cones have continued to be gradually covered by lava flows from the active cone group in the central crater. In particular, T40, which was the primary active cone during much of 1999, is now well on its way to disappearing under the lava. Lava flows from the central cone area have continued to build up the height of the mound in the central crater so that several cones are easily visible from Engare Sero village. T53 (~ 80 m NW of T40) no longer existed. A deep hole in the crater floor, just N of T47 and surrounded by recent pahoehoe flows from T58B, is possibly all that remains of the summit vent of T39. The hole was degassing at a high temperature but did not show any evidence of recent effusive activity. An area in the E part of the crater, which is sheltered by outcroppings and sometimes used by campers, had been covered by a thick flow of slabby pahoehoe lava from T58B. A large amount of vegetation on the E flank of Lengai had also been burned by lava flowing through the E-crater-rim overflow (figure 86). Several locations on the N crater rim had become crossed by small lava flows.
Figure 86. The light-colored stripe represents the overflow of recent lavas from Ol Doinyo Lengai down the E flank, as photographed on 7 Aug 2005 from the S crater. The blackened area represents burned vegetation from the bush fire reported by Bernard Marty on 4 July 2005. The lavas, termed natrocarbonatites, turn light colored on the surfaces upon cooling and absorbing moisture. Courtesy of Fred Belton.
Table 10 shows a multi-year set of measurements of the width of crater rim overflows. The N rim overflow was first measured on 7 August 2005.
Table 10. Measurements of the widths of lava overflowing the crater rim at Ol Doinyo Lengai. The values represent the arc length of the crater rim covered by lava flows on the various dates. Measurements were made by pacing the distance several times and averaging the results. The dashes mean that the overflow had not yet come into existence on the date indicated. The lengths of the flows beyond the crater rim are not shown on this table. Courtesy of Fred Belton and Chris Weber.
Date NW overflow width E overflow width W overflow width N overflow width
Jul 2000 60 m 38 m -- --
23 Jul 2001 106 m 38 m -- --
05 Aug 2002 135 m 39 m 12 m --
07 Jul 2004 135 m 44 m 17 m --
07 Aug 2005 135 m 72 m 20 m ~1 m at each of three locations
Although there was no activity on 19 July, an unobserved eruption may have begun around 2300 on 20 July and probably ended by 0130 on 21 July, according to reports by a camping group in the W portion of the crater floor. The activity reached its peak between 0100 and 0130 and involved strong lava fountains from a vent about halfway up the E side of T58C. The fountains deposited a deep (at least 0.5 m) bed of lapilli around the base and on the S flank and top of cone T57B, and sent pahoehoe and aa flows to the E. One of the flows traveled tens of meters down Lengai's E slopes. The lapilli consisted mostly of hollow spheroids with diameters up to 1.2 cm. Many of the lapilli were fused, and sections of the field broke apart under their own weight, leaving a blocky, fissured surface.
On 21 July at 1511 lava flowed from T58B's active vent during a 12-minute eruption. At 2100 on the same day a third eruption sent strong surges of lava from the same vent and continued throughout the night. Atmospheric clouds prevented detailed observations, but clear conditions at 0500 on 22 July revealed that a large lava channel had formed just E of T58B and had been thermally eroded to a depth of more than one meter. Maximum flow rate during the eruption was estimated to be 0.5 m3/s. The eruption continued until about 1800 and deposited pahoehoe flows over a large part of the SE crater floor.
With the exception of a very minor lava flow from T58C at 1930 on 26 July and the brief (unobserved) appearance of a lava lake in T58B on the night of 4 August, no further activity occurred through 9 August. There were frequent sounds of lava at depth near the base of T58C and inside the open vent of T58B. The lava lake that briefly occupied T58B filled up its deep inner pit and then solidified, leaving a flat surface of new lava about 4 m below the lowest place on the cone's rim. During 4-9 August lava could be heard moving near the surface somewhere inside T58B's vent, but it never became visible. Observations ended at 0800 on 9 August 2005.
Activity during September and October 2005. Kees DeJong reported the following, which was posted on Belton's website: "We climbed Oldonyo Lengai 13 September 2005, arriving at the crater rim [at 0710]. Tourists that had camped in the crater said that eruptions began at midnight (and that there were no eruptions the previous days). Lava kept flowing until about [0846]; we left the crater at [1300] that day."
Photos that Kees made indicated that lava was flowing from about halfway up the side of T48B and across the crater floor toward the W, but that it was not a particularly large eruption. Earlier, probably on 11 September, a small amount of lava flowed down the N flank of T49B and a short distance across the crater floor. Other photos indicated (by comparing specific lava flows on the crater floor with the same lava flows in 7 August photos) a high probability that there were no lava flows at all between 9 August and 11 September. On 19 September Burra Gadiye reported to Roger Mitchell that he had seen no activity that day.
Anatoly Zaytsev climbed on 30 September and reported that they did not see eruptive activity during their visit (between 1100 and 1500). They did see some natrocarbonatite lavas with estimated ages of 2-3 weeks. These were probably the flows from 13 September described above.
Following a visit during 1-3 October, Jaco de Borst reported the following. "During the first of October there was also no activity, only 'smoke' from several cones and cracks. On the second of October there were several 'small' eruptions. In daylight and at night, the cone that was erupting was the biggest and close to the overflow where the trail reaches the crater. Lava only reached the foot of the cone [Belton noted that he was describing T49B]. We left in the morning of 3 October, I think at about 1000. When we left there was no activity... [other] than some noise and 'smoke.' The night eruptions we saw... I think [occurred] about 5 o'clock in the morning [on 3 October]."
Geologic Background. The symmetrical Ol Doinyo Lengai is the only volcano known to have erupted carbonatite tephras and lavas in historical time. The prominent stratovolcano, known to the Maasai as "The Mountain of God," rises abruptly above the broad plain south of Lake Natron in the Gregory Rift Valley. The cone-building stage ended about 15,000 years ago and was followed by periodic ejection of natrocarbonatitic and nephelinite tephra during the Holocene. Historical eruptions have consisted of smaller tephra ejections and emission of numerous natrocarbonatitic lava flows on the floor of the summit crater and occasionally down the upper flanks. The depth and morphology of the northern crater have changed dramatically during the course of historical eruptions, ranging from steep crater walls about 200 m deep in the mid-20th century to shallow platforms mostly filling the crater. Long-term lava effusion in the summit crater beginning in 1983 had by the turn of the century mostly filled the northern crater; by late 1998 lava had begun overflowing the crater rim.
Information Contacts: Christoph Weber, Volcano Expeditions International, Muehlweg 11, 74199 Untergruppenbach, Germany (URL: http://www.v-e-i.de/); Celia Nyamweru, Department of Anthropology, St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY 13617, USA (URL: http://blogs.stlawu.edu/lengai/); Frederick Belton, Developmental Studies Department, PO Box 16, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA (URL: http://oldoinyolengai.pbworks.com/); Bernard Donth, Waldwiese 5, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.


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Highlights of the Week: 24 June 2019
Be in the know on news and updates on interior design, architecture, and anything home and living
Check out the latest furniture and home decor by renowned designers at Robinsons The Heeren's GSS: ES
The GSS: Experience Singapore (GSS: ES) is back in a refreshed avatar this year, bringing patrons on a retail adventure—not only in the spheres of fashion and food, but also in furniture and design. If you are still on the lookout for new pieces of furniture, here's a preview of the types of pieces curated by the Singapore Furniture Industries Council and the Singapore Retailers Association, at the Great Furniture Showcase (21 June to 28 July) happening at Robinsons The Heeren:
Visitors can expect the latest furniture designs from ModuDesigners, which are versatile for both function and play. The Cheese Table is a unique design comprising of a solid wood worktop allowing children to draw, write or play on, while it has are storage spaces for their materials. The other piece is Turtles, a design that combines two poufs with hemispherical shapes, with each one functioning as a rocking pouf for kids as well as a comfortable stool. Being suitable for both play time and tea time, Turtles is fun and comfortable for both kids and adults.
Poon Yew Wai, a designer from Singapore-based company Oonarchi, has an appetite for playfulness and a child-like delight in shapes and images. He will be showcasing Ice Scoop to challenge traditional boundaries of design by presenting the mundane ice cream scoop in an unconventional way.
You can also see the Nok Nok Rocking Horse Collection by NextOfKin, which was inspired by the designer's childhood memories of pretending to be cowboys or superheroes on rocking horses.
Learning from her travels, PropUpStore by Fatimah Mohsin seeks to design and sell home decors such as Santorini-inspired coasters and tropical cushion covers. She will bring to GSS: ES an elegant collection of decor, dining ware as well as collectables, and showcase her craft at both the Great Furniture Showcase and The GREAT Singapore Pop-up.
Samsung Electronics remains top brand in Asia for 8th consecutive year
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Asia's Top 1000 Brands aggregates data from an online survey developed by Campaign Asia-Pacific and global information and insights provider Nielsen. The survey was conducted between March 13 and April 10, 2019. The study explores consumer attitudes in 14 markets: Australia, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.
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Deliveroo has dropped some of the sweetest bargains of the season just in time for GSS:ES. By ordering from Deliveroo during this sale season (21 June to 28 July), you can join the Delicious Deliveroo Draw and stand a chance to bring home some serious #kitchengoals prizes.
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Got news to share? Email us at cromly@media-group.com.sg.
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Contemplating the Committees
By sa | August 9, 2016 | 0
The Dáil is currently on its summer break, but its committees will be back meeting from the first week of September. On their return, health, unlike other areas of policy, will have not one, but two committees meeting to discuss the challenges facing the sector.
The long-established Joint Oireachtas Committee on Health has been joined by the recently-formed Committee on the Future of Healthcare, which is an all-party body charged with the considerable task of agreeing a 10-year vision for the country's health service.
However, some observers have raised concerns over the possibility of duplication in the work of these committees. Others have been critical that the Committee on the Future of Healthcare has only TDs in its membership, and thus risks becoming merely a political 'talking shop'.
It may be a reflection of the tumultuous few months in Irish politics since the February election, that one week prior to the recess last month, Seanad members for the Committee on Health had still to be named.
Because of this late addition of Senators to the Committee, members did not have much opportunity before the Dáil summer recess to set out a detailed work agenda for when it returns in September.
"But there are a number of set pieces that the Committee engages in," the new Chair of the Committee Dr Michael Harty told the Medical Independent (MI).
The Co Clare GP was elected as an Independent TD at the last election, and he believes that the Committee can have a real impact on health debates in the coming months and years.
"The HSE and the Department of Health are invited in every quarter to review the situation in relation to the health service. So there are set pieces like that, as well as other ones such as the bills that come before the committee for discussion."
The Misuse of Drugs Amendment Bill was the first piece of legislation that the Dáil members of the Committee discussed on 14 July.
"We then have the freedom to choose projects or topics that we will then examine in detail," says Dr Harty.
"If you look at the work of the previous Committee, which went on for five years, they went through a substantial number of topics."
Fine Gael Senator Jerry Buttimer, who was the last Chair of the Joint Oireachtas Committee on Health under the previous Government, says that the Committee should continue to play an important role, even with the formation of the new Committee on the Future of Healthcare.
"I think the central Committee had a very critical role," he told MI.
"I think the important point is that this Committee [continues] in its on-going work in health and that should not be diluted or undermined. "
Dr Michael Harty TD (Independent)
Dr TD
As one of the few members of the current Oireachtas who is a doctor, does Dr Harty believe that his medical background will provide him with any unique perspective as Committee Chair?
"Yes, I think having a knowledge of medicine, and how the health service works, can have an influence on the type of topics and depths to which we can look into it," says Dr Harty.
"So yes, it can have an influence. At the same time, the Chairman does need to be impartial and not to take one side or the other. But I do think we can try and examine areas that are most critical to the health service and choose those as needs arise.
"We don't want to just be a reactionary committee, which is reacting to day-to-day crises in the health service, although obviously we do have to do that as well. But I think we have to take a broader approach and examine areas of development in the health service."
Although a detailed description of the upcoming work schedule has not been finalised, Sinn Féin Spokesperson on Health Deputy Louise O'Reilly told MI that she believes the issue of abortion will be to the forefront of the work the Committee will do in the coming months.
"We will have to deal with the issues raised by the UN Judgment in the Mellet case," said Deputy O'Reilly, who is a first-time TD and a member of the Joint Oireachtas Committee on Health. Recently, the UN Human Rights Committee (UNHRC) made a ruling in the case taken against Ireland by Ms Amanda Mellet.
However, Deputy O'Reilly said that the focus of the Committee would also go beyond this and into other public health topics.
"We will also need to address the public health issues of alcohol and to provide for a 'plan B' in the event that minimum unit pricing is challenged or delayed for any reason. The need to legislate for this serious public health issue is pressing," she added.
"The Health (Miscellaneous Provisions) Bill 2016 will also come before us and this is likely to be a wide-ranging, comprehensive piece of legislation which will require detailed scrutiny at the committee."
Two's a crowd? The need to avoid duplication
The Committee on the Future of Healthcare is the 'new kid on the block' and Minister Harris has emphasised his belief that it has an important role to play in the long-term formation of health policy. However, there have been concerns voiced over the new Committee, as to whether it will needlessly duplicate the work of the already existing Committee on Health, or perhaps become a political 'talking-shop'.
When the Committee on the Future of Healthcare held its first meeting on 23 June, the Chair, Deputy Shortall, spoke to these concerns.
"We must be careful not to overlap with the Oireachtas Joint Committee on Health, of which Deputy Harty is Chairperson," said Deputy Shortall.
"As many of us know from past experience, that Committee, which deals with legislation and day-to-day activities in the health service, has a clear oversight role in respect of the different agencies in the health service and receives many representations.
"The work of our Committee is to take a step back, examine the system and take a more strategic approach to the current model and the type of model we wish to achieve for the delivery of a modern, reformed and inclusive universal health service.
"We must be mindful of that to ensure there is no overlap with the joint committee."
Sinn Fein's Deputy Louise O'Reilly, who is a member of the Committee on Health, told MI that she is also hopeful that members of both committees can prevent any duplication in the work that they do.
"All members of both committees need to be careful that this does not happen — I think that the focus of the committees will be different and we should be able to keep them separate," she said.
Dr Harty said that he is conscious of the possibility of the two committees having some crossover in their work. However, he believes that the membership of the committees should prevent this from becoming a problem.
"Yes, there is a second committee sitting, where the 10-year vision is being discussed. I am a member of that [as well]," said Dr Harty.
"That is looking at the broader picture. So perhaps we can look at some areas that feed into that.
"That is a possible conflict. But there are members of the 10-year vision for change committee who are also members of the Health Committee. So I think we will have sufficient numbers there to alert us to any duplication.
"But yes, it is something that we would like to avoid and I think we will, given that there is some dual membership of both committees."
Senator Buttimer also thinks that the committees "can keep it separate" in terms of their work.
*The Committee on the Future of Healthcare has a closing date for its formal submission process on 26 August, to be followed by a number of public hearings, including evidence from health experts. The Committee's interim report was published on 4 August. Log on to www.oireachtas.ie/parliament to find out more about the process.
This Government will be different for the Committee on Health because it has been joined by a committee tasked with drawing up a long-term plan for health.
In early June, the Dáil agreed to establish the Committee on the Future of Healthcare (see panel on p14) to achieve cross-party consensus on a single long-term vision for healthcare and the direction of health policy in Ireland, and to make recommendations to the Dáil in that regard.
The Committee is required by legislation to present a final report to the Dáil within six months of its initial meeting. The Committee is wholly comprised of TDs and this is built into the motion that created it.
"The Committee membership shall be made up of three members appointed by Fine Gael, three members by Fianna Fáil, two members by Sinn Féin, one member by the Labour Party and five members representing the Independent deputies and members from other political parties," reads the motion.
The move to establish this new Committee was one of Minister for Health Simon Harris's first acts as Minister.
"One of the key proposals in the Programme for Government is the establishment of an Oireachtas Committee to develop cross-party consensus on the future of the health service," he said in May when the Cabinet approved the establishment of the Committee.
"I believe the health service would benefit enormously from a single unifying vision that we can all get behind, and that can help to drive reform and development of the system over the next 10 years."
Some opposition and Government politicians are concerned that the new Committee is too political and could duplicate the work of the established Health Committee.
"The first thing is that we need to plan for the future of health," said Senator Buttimer, adding that his party colleague Minister Harris is right to look towards creating a 10-year plan for health.
However, he thinks that the Committee would be more effective if it had been established on less political lines, with an independent Chair and health stakeholders sitting around the table, rather than just political party representatives. This is what he called a more "social partnership model".
"I would mean something where we bring everybody into the table as co-equals and build a social partnership consensus approach to the emerging needs and putting together a vision and ambition for the future health needs of the country," he said.
"The thing I feel most strongly about is that I think the model that should have been employed is the social partnership model.
"I think emerging from that then, you have got a road map, rather than people coming in or invited in to make submissions. I would rather have had that sort of model."
The Committee on the Future of Healthcare met on Wednesday, 20 July, and heard from representatives of Health Reform Alliance, the Irish Heart Foundation, Age Action and the Irish Cancer Society.
On making a public call for submissions to the new Committee last month, Committee Chair Deputy Roisin Shortall (Social Democrats) did not underestimate the significant challenge in finding some type of political consensus on health.
"We understand that there are differing perspectives on how best to address the complex issue of devising a long-term strategy for healthcare in this country and for that reason, we wish to hear from and engage with the public on the matter," she said.
"To assist in preparing its report, the Committee is seeking written evidence from interested representative bodies, individuals and groupings. The remit of the Committee is to achieve cross-party consensus on a 10-year strategy for healthcare and health policy in Ireland, and to make recommendations on a changed model of healthcare, with the objective of a universal, single-tier health service."
The scale of this challenge is made all the clearer when one looks at the membership of the Committee. For instance, will TDs from the political left such as Deputy Mick Barry (AAA-PBP), Deputy Pat Buckley (Sinn Féin) and Deputy Joan Collins (Independents4Change), be able to agree a long-term strategy for the health service with representatives of Fianna Fáil and Fine Gael?
Concerns over the lack of Senators on the Committee have been raised by some, including members of Fine Gael. The party's Seanad Spokesperson on Health Senator Colm Burke has called for Seanad representation on the Committee, while Deputy Buttimer agrees.
"It is critically important," Senator Buttimer told MI.
"I think it sets the wrong precedent, not to have Senators on it. It is a committee about future health that should encompass all parties in the house, of both Houses of the Oireachtas.
"I think the 10-year strategy needs to have a senatorial appointment to it."
Fianna Fáil Senator and Mayo GP Dr Keith Swanick agrees. "I think it's regrettable," he told MI.
"I think it would be nice to be more inclusive."
Dr Swanick is one of Fianna Fáil's Seanad picks for the Committee on Health.
But Dr Swanick said someone like himself with a background in medicine and also with his work as former Secretary of the NAGP "would have something to offer that Committee [Committee on the Future of Healthcare]".
MI understands there are no plans to bring Senators onto the Committee but it will have "structured engagement" with Senators.
Senator Buttimer also expressed some wider concerns about how the new Committee on the Future of Healthcare would fulfill its role.
"But who is going to monitor the implementation of the 10-year plan?" he asked.
"Is it going to the strategic committee or is it going to be the central committee of the House of the Oireachtas? I would have thought that perhaps the 10-year strategy should possibly have been chaired by someone not involved in politics.
"But in saying that, there is a need for a 10-year strategy; the Minister is right to have that.
"What we can't have is a talking shop. But who monitors the result and the output? Who monitors the key aims of a 10-year strategy?"
Deputy Louise O'Reilly, Sinn Fein
Looking back at his time as Chair of the Committee on Health during the last Dáil, Senator Buttimer says he thinks the work that they did showed the potential positive role the Committee under Dr Harty can continue to fulfill.
"I think the last Health Committee pioneered the whole issue around pre-legislative scrutiny of legislation, be it plain packaging, be it the Public Health Alcohol Bill," he said.
"Secondly, I think we showed we could handle in a sensitive and mature way sensitive social issues, and thirdly we were able to bring in witnesses and people and hold them to account, but not in an excessively adversarial manner. So I think we had a lot of success."
In terms of future work for both health committees, Senator Buttimer says that a more collaborative approach is needed.
"I think what we need now is a collaborative approach around budgeting and more accountability perhaps around the HSE, in terms of how they interact with the different sectors of health," he said.
"And I would just be worried that we do not create a talking shop, where nothing is achieved as a consequence of putting together this committee [Committee on the Future of Healthcare]."
New role
Dr Harty is convinced that the unique make-up of the new Dáil should mean that its committees in general will have a greater role to play.
"I think the role of committees is going to be more important and the reason for that is, in the previous Dáil, the Government had a majority in every committee and there was little or no all-party debate," said Dr Harty.
"But in the new Dáil, because of the way it has been set up with Dáil reform, each committee is reflective of the proportionality within the Dáil. So if something is discussed and agreed at committee, it is probably going to take that little longer, because there will be more discussion.
"But when it is agreed in the committee, it should most likely be agreed on the floor of the Dáil because the committee will reflect the proportionality that is in the Dáil.
"So meetings may go on for longer and take a little longer to agree on matters but once agreed, I think they will be on a much stronger footing."
Committee on Health — membership
Chair: Dr Michael Harty
Vice-Chair: TBC
Member TDs
Bernard Durkan (Fine Gael)
Michael Harty (Rural Independent Group)
Billy Kelleher & (Fianna Fáil)
Alan Kelly (Labour)
Kate O'Connell (Fine Gael)
Margaret Murphy
O'Mahony (Fianna Fáil)
Louise O'Reilly (Sinn Féin)
Senators &
Colm Burke (Fine Gael)
John Dolan (Civil Engagement Technical Group)
Dr Keith Swanick (Fianna Fáil)
Committee on the Future of Healthcare — membership
Chair: Roisin Shortall
Mick Barry & (Anti-Austerity Alliance —
& & People Before Profit)
John Brassil (Fianna Fáil)
James Browne & (Fianna Fáil)
Pat Buckley (Sinn Féin)
Joan Collins & (Independents 4 Change)
Jim Daly (Fine Gael)
Dr Michael Harty (Rural Independent Group)
Billy Kelleher (Fianna Fáil)
Alan Kelly Labour)
Josepha Madigan (Fine Gael)
Hildegarde Naughton (Fine Gael)
Roisin Shortall (Social Democrats/Green
Party Technical Group)
Posted in News Features


We have reached the final day of our Fall Membership Drive. What a wonderful 10 days it has been to see minds and hearts touched to support Adventist Today.
We have heard from so many of you who read us online, in our print magazine, or follow us on social media. You've been so supportive, and we can't thank you enough for getting involved by becoming a member or making a large donation.
We were looking for 250 friends giving $15/month to join our support team this week. We heard from friends who became members for the first time from all over United States (Arizona, California, Maryland, Minnesota, Washington State, Florida, Michigan, Georgia, Idaho and Oregon) and from the countries of Australia and Myanmar. Thank you!
We still have a ways to go to reach the 250 new members at $15/month, so there's plenty of room to get involved today.
Reaching and exceeding our membership drive goal helps us enlarge the mission of Adventist Today, so please become a member today.
We believe Adventist Today is worth supporting. Even though 'Foundation' is in our name, we're not supported by some large family trust or multi-national corporation. Adventist Today is an independent multi-media publisher, solely supported by its members.
It would be easy to think others are giving and so your membership is not needed. Nothing could be farther from the truth. We need you to support us now, on this last day of our 2017 Fall Membership Drive.
Thank you for giving until it feels good!


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A great Mother's Day present! Order mom her copy of "Apollo 50," our hardcover book about the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 moon landing. Save $10 today off the retail price.
Dynamo is RSVP's honoree of year
Terry O. Roen, Sentinel Staff WriterTHE ORLANDO SENTINEL
ORMOND BEACH -- Lucille Greaves is older than all but one of the seniors on her Meals on Wheels route.
The petite dynamo doesn't look as if she'll turn 90 in two months. She still drives and lives in her own home. Greaves said she feels fortunate to devote time to the needs of others.
"I feel blessed," Greaves said. "I'm so thankful that I'm on this side of it rather than having to be waited on."
Greaves was named the 2006 RSVP Outstanding Volunteer of the Year for the 23 years she has spent delivering Meals on Wheels to Volusia County seniors. She has befriended many on the route, chatting about their families, visiting them in the hospital and even attending their funerals.
"She is exceptional because she has this wonderful spirit and has been committed for so many years," said Joan Whittemore, director of volunteer service at the Council on Aging of Volusia County. "She chooses to stay on a route that is farther from her home because she has built up such a rapport with the people."
Up until five years ago, Greaves delivered meals three days a week, but she cut back to one day after hip surgery.
She also spends Tuesdays helping second-graders at Osceola Elementary School with reading and math. This is her 25th year volunteering at the Ormond Beach school and the 21st she has worked with teacher Marilyn Hendrickson.
"Your caring and dedication touches the hearts of so many," Hendrickson wrote in a book of thank-you notes from the school. "You are truly one of a kind."
Greaves has combined her volunteerism by asking Osceola students to make place mats for holidays. She gives the colorful construction paper creations to the seniorswho, she said, often display them on their refrigerators or use them for wall art.
The youngest of four children, Greaves grew up in Avilla, Ind., and was her high school class valedictorian. She attended Indiana University on a scholarship and finished her education at Daytona Beach Community College, graduating with honors.
Greaves and her husband, Fred, ran Builders Supply Co. in Daytona Beach until he died in 1974. She then worked as contract administrator with Palm Coast Construction before retiring in 1981.
Greaves is a member of the Pilot Club of Daytona Beach, serving as its president in 1983 and 1984.
She also started the Adopt-A-Highway Program in Volusia County after visiting North Carolina and noticing how clean its highways looked thanks to the program.
The volunteer award is one of many Greaves has received. She was named Woman of the Year at the Pace Center for Girls in 2003, where she also volunteers. And she won the Outstanding Volunteer Award in 2005 at Osceola Elementary School.
"I'm just the type who has to stay busy," she said. "I wish I could slow down, but I just can't."
How to watch the final day of the 2019 WSOP main event: Updated TV schedule for World Series of Poker final table
Florida man says his 20-foot python Ginormica could grow to world-record size: report
4,500-pound great white shark found dead with sea turtle stuck in its mouth
Copyright © 2019, Orlando Sentinel


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We truly enjoyed our 4-day Grand Canyon River and Ranch Tour - the Western River guides (Kelly, Ronnie, Joe and Jeff) were fantastic! They have an enthusiasm and love for the area that is transmitted to the whole group on the trip. They went out of their way to be sure that all were happy with the experience. They were appropriately concerned with the safety of everyone in the group and respectful of all limitations that some had - at the same time making sure that everyone had a great time. They were able to answer virtually every question asked by a member of the group!
We learned about the geology and geography of the Grand Canyon as well as about the wildlife and flowers and foliage. We had a great group of people on our trip - not one complainer! We are already considering going on another trip with Western River.


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Vaccinated people are less likely to be hospitalized due to the Delta variant compared to unvaccinated people, contrary to chiropractor's claim
A Harvard study showed that vaccinated people are "twice as likely to get hospitalized as opposed to if they had a natural exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, then got exposed to a Delta variant"
SOURCE: Jen DePice, TLC4Superteams, 19 Jul. 2021
Misrepresents source: The video inaccurately reported the words of epidemiologist William Hanage, an associate professor at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, during an interview. In fact, Hanage said that "an unvaccinated person with Delta infection is roughly twice as likely to require hospital treatment than a person infected with the previously dominant variant". Furthermore, he actually encouraged vaccination. DePice also wrongly characterized the interview, published in a news article by the university, as a "Harvard study".
The Delta variant of the virus SARS-CoV-2 is more infectious and more likely to cause serious illness compared to the wild-type (precursor) virus. COVID-19 vaccines are effective at reducing the risk of hospitalization and death caused by Delta variant infection, and remain one of our best tools at curbing the spread of the variant, preventing the generation of new variants, and returning to normal life.
FULL CLAIM: A Harvard study showed that vaccinated people are "twice as likely to get hospitalized as opposed to if they had a natural exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, then got exposed to a Delta variant"; "Delta Variant Targets Vaxxers"
On 19 July 2021, a video titled "Delta variant targets vaxxers" was published on the Facebook group TLC4Superteams, run by a chiropractic organization. In the video, chiropractor Jen DePice claimed that a Harvard study showed vaccinated people are "twice as likely to get hospitalized as opposed to if they had a natural exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus then got exposed to a Delta variant". The video received more than 42,000 views on Facebook in less than a day, and drew more than 2,000 engagements from users.
DePice's source for this claim, provided in a link in the video's caption, was an interview with William Hanage, an associate professor of epidemiology at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. The interview was published in a news article by the university.
By reading the interview itself, it's clear that DePice's claim is inaccurate. Firstly, an interview isn't a scientific study. Secondly, what Hanage actually said was:
"Evidence suggests, for example, that an unvaccinated person with Delta infection is roughly twice as likely to require hospital treatment than a person infected with the previously dominant variant." (emphasis added)
Thus Hanage's statement means the opposite of DePice's claim. He was possibly referring to a study conducted in Scotland that was published in mid-June 2021 in The Lancet[1]. It reported that "Risk of COVID-19 hospital admission was approximately doubled in those with the Delta [variant of concern] when compared to the Alpha [variant of concern]".
Therefore, Hanage was comparing unvaccinated people's risk of hospitalization from the Delta variant with that from the Alpha variant. This in no way resembles DePice's claim.
Furthermore, Hanage encouraged vaccination:
"As for my advice: The pandemic is not over. Get vaccinated if you are not already. Pay attention to local conditions. If you don't want to become part of the spread of Delta when it is surging, remember you can still wear a mask indoors in public places, especially crowded ones, and if Delta is surging in your area you can still avoid contributing to its spread by physical distancing." (emphasis added)
Indeed, the evidence that we do have on the Delta variant strongly suggests that vaccinated people are less likely to get sick and die from a Delta variant infection. While the COVID-19 vaccines' efficacy against the Delta variant is slightly lower compared to the wild-type (precursor) virus, they still remain highly effective against illness and hospitalization. This means that a vaccinated person's risk of becoming sick or severely ill with Delta variant infection is lower than that of an unvaccinated person. The Delta variant is currently the predominant variant in the U.K.
Another example can be seen in the U.S., which also saw the Delta variant become the predominant variant in the country. By analyzing data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Associated Press reported that 99% of deaths from COVID-19 in June 2021 were in unvaccinated people, suggesting that unvaccinated people are more likely to develop severe illness compared to vaccinated people. Experts also told Washington Post in July 2021 that the Delta variant is driving a surge in case numbers and hospitalization among the unvaccinated.
Health Feedback previously covered a related claim regarding the deadliness of the Delta variant depending on vaccination status.
Overall, DePice's claim misrepresented an interview with an epidemiologist as a study and inaccurately reported his words. Her claim that the Delta variant is more deadly for vaccinated people is unsubstantiated by scientific evidence and contradicts what we do know of the vaccines' efficacy against the Delta variant.
1 – Sheikh et al. (2021) SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC in Scotland: demographics, risk of hospital admission, and vaccine effectiveness. The Lancet.
Coronavirus COVID-19 Vaccine
Published on: 21 Jul 2021 | Editor: Flora Teoh


spy update: balistamemes are stopping to hate catapults and rather showing the superiority of balistas, that catapults are infiriour as ever, and we trebuchets will continou to ve the superiour siege weapon until the end of history. All hail the mods of course, and see you when something happens.
theyre winning playstore front, we need to fight back!
Not a meme about the superior siege engine, but rather a target. Spread the word, brethren. We must end them using 90kg projectiles from 300m away.
Am it doing this right?
Original plan for a catapult. Even less useless then the later version of one.
Derp derp. I'm an idiot.
Just gonna drop this off the truck. No need to lower the platform to the ground.
We all know the truth!
Signs that a loved one may have received harmful amounts of radiation include.
I'm disgusted... THEY DIDN'T USE THE SUPERIOR SIEGE WEAPON!!
Only 50kilograms and classed as safe. Pffff our superior siege engine would definitely be keter.
Trebuchet I am making. its gonna be 5 ft tall!
Why the trebuchet is the superior siege engine.
I knew Civ 5 was historically accurate!
My high school has transcended.
Found this absolute unit in Witcher 3.
Not a meme, an actual trebuchet!


I do not know if you have heard the hit single from the Danish underground duo Trolle Siebenhaar. The instant I heard "Sweet Dogs" I thought it was a fantastic tune. I just didn't know why. Today I read the answer in the morning paper. The singer, Ane Trolles vocal has been recorded in Martin Siebenhaars bedroom (the other half of the duo). She was singing into a mike covered with a sock – primitive but also very authentic. But that's not all. Ane Trolle had that same night made up her mind: She wanted to be a professional singer! Maybe it's that passion and determination you sense when listening to "Sweet Dogs". Fact is that when they tried to record the vocal again later on Ane couldn't get the same kind of mood into the vocal. So the vocal on the single is the originally recorded vocal – the one recorded in a bedroom. What I've read this morning is in my opinion storytelling when it's best. From now on I will listen to "Sweet Dogs" with this story in mind, and the story brings something extra to the experience. In the end I love "Sweet Dogs" even more. Have a nice and hopefully sunny weekend.


BARCELONA could sign Manchester United star Marcus Rashford - but not until 2020 at the earliest.
That is the view of ESPN FC pundit and former Chelsea midfielder Craig Burley.
Rashford has emerged as a summer target for Barcelona after a fine second half of the season at Manchester United.
The England international has been a regular since Ole Gunnar Solskjaer replaced the sacked Jose Mourinho at Old Trafford in December.
Burley can see why clubs such as Barcelona are interested in Rashford but he does not think a deal will happen this close season.
He reckons the La Liga giants will start looking at replacing the likes of Luis Suarez next year, and Marcus Rashford could be targeted.
"Well what we do know is that Rashford is not turning up at press conferences and going 'I wouldn't mind playing for Barcelona one day'," Burley said.
"So it's certainly not coming from him.
"I could see some top clubs potentially looking at him.
"I think there is still some more to come from him for sure, he's only a youngster.
"He's a Manchester boy, he's playing for I believe the club he supported.
"Everything's going in an upward trend from now that Mourinho's gone and he's getting more game time.
"A bit like the scenario with Paul Pogba, who has been linked with Real Madrid and some other clubs, is United want to keep and add to their best players.
"And so at the moment I'm going to say no.
"This is a potential for down the line for a youngster.
"I think [Suarez] has got a couple of years [left] at the top, which is also coinciding with [Lionel] Messi as well who is also in his 30s now, although it doesn't seem to be stopping the wee man.
"But I think a couple of years and Barcelona will look to bring players in to plug that hole and not leave it too late.


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Q: Editing specific cells in a pandas dataframe I am trying to scrape a table from wikipedia using the following code:
df_euro_cities_wiki=pd.read_html("https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_European_cities_by_population_within_city_limits")[0]
wiki_dfdrop=df_euro_cities_wiki.drop(columns=['Unnamed: 0', 'Date', '2011 Eurostatpopulation[1]', 'Image', 'Ref.'])

However when I scrape the table it includes the references.
Table with references
When I then try to edit these entries using code:
wiki_dfdrop.at['0', 'City'] = 'Istanbul'
wiki_dfdrop.at['1', 'City'] = 'Moscow'
wiki_dfdrop.at['0', 'Officialpopulation'] = '15,519,267'

Instead of editing the existing entries, it generates new ones at the end of the table.
New entries
What is the correct way to have a dataframe without references in it?

A: You can use pandas apply map across all columns to split on [ and select only to the left of '['
df_euro_cities_wiki=pd.read_html("https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_European_cities_by_population_within_city_limits")[0]
wiki_dfdrop=df_euro_cities_wiki.drop(columns=['Unnamed: 0', 'Date', '2011 Eurostatpopulation[1]', 'Image', 'Ref.'])

wiki_dfdrop = wiki_dfdrop.applymap(lambda x: str(x).split('[')[0])

>>print(wiki_dfdrop)

    City    Country             Officialpopulation  Location
0   Istanbul    Turkey          15,519,267          41°00′49″N 28°57′18″E / 41.013611°N 28.955°E
1   Moscow      Russia          12615279            55°45′00″N 37°37′00″E / 55.75°N 37.616667°E
2   London      United Kingdom  9126366             51°30′26″N 0°07′39″W / 51.507222°N 0.1275°W
.........

please note thet the resulting Officialpopulation column will be of 'string' datatype

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Home » Podcasts » 381 Mike Hu, Managing Director at GAW Capital USA
Mike Hu, Gaw Capital USA
What does 'Institutional Real Estate' Actually Mean?
Mike Hu, Managing Director at Gaw Capital USA
Back in 2008, right before the Great Financial Crisis, I was fortuitous enough to sell my entire real estate portfolio and was brought in by the board of directors to East West Bank to assist them with their non-performing loans. As my time there wound to a close, having worked on over a billion dollars of notes, I met with Goodwin Gaw of Gaw Capital, a visionary Hong Kong Chinese billionaire investor with an outstanding reputation. And Goodwin asked me to leave the bank to run one of his funds.
Well, it was in working for Gaw Capital that I really learned what institutional investing was and how institutional investors operate. Today, in the world of real estate crowdfunding, the term "institutional" is often used - but what does it mean exactly? Learn the definitive answer to this question in today's episode with Mike Hu, Managing Director at Gaw Capital Advisors, USA.
Characteristics of Institutional Quality Real Estate
Scale and Size of Asset Classes in Institutional Quality Real Estate
Types of Investments that Institutional Quality Real Estate Investors Prefer
Categories of Investors that Invest in Institutional Quality Real Estate
Understanding a Sophisticated Institutional Real Estate Investor
Preparing for the First Meeting with a Potential Institutional Real Estate Investor
Introduction to Finalizing Paperwork on Institutional Real Estate Investment
Legal Due Diligence with Institutional Real Estate Investments
What Institutional Investors Want to Know about the General Partner (GP)
Timeline to Finalize Institutional Real Estate Investment Deals
Biggest Risks in Institutional Real Estate Investing
Related Article: Understanding Institutional Real Estate
ADAM GOWER: What will those investors, what will be the key drivers for them? Security, yield, prestige, like what's really driving their motivation?
MIKE HU: Yeah, no, it's a good question. It's a combination. I mean, depending on the investor, whether it's a sovereign wealth fund investor to global pension funds, endowments, foundations. From our experience and from my experience, I would say, generally speaking, the largest investors are a little more gravitated because a lot of them, it may not be, it's not domestic capital. It's not in the US. So, if it's a sovereign wealth fund from Asia, the Middle East or Europe, they'll be more focused on the key gateway cities, if they're investing in the United States. So like, in the US, they're less likely to buy a building in Kansas City versus New York City or San Francisco or Chicago or L.A. So, I think there's a bit of a preference from, if I'm generalizing, from non-US investors to buy in key gateway cities in the US and that tends to be bigger assets because most of these investors are investing large amounts of capital. They can't invest in small deals. So like, generally speaking, most of these investors, they won't even look at a deal if the equity is less than $100 million dollars. Like that, it's not even, it doesn't make any sense. And they're also 892 investors, which gives them a tax benefit.
ADAM GOWER: What's an 892 investor?
MIKE HU: These are these are applied to sovereign wealth fund investors. So, if they invest into real estate and own less than 50 percent, they basically don't pay any taxes. So, it's a huge advantage for some of these international investors to invest in real estate, but not own a majority stake.
Related Article: The Benefits of Investing in Institutional Quality Real Estate
ADAM GOWER: Explain to me what is an institutional real estate investor. You've talked about sovereign wealth funds, but what other categories of institutional investors are there, that you deal with?
MIKE HU: Yeah, so the key categories, I think are, sovereign wealth funds. So these are self-explanatory, but basically countries, and whether it's the excess reserves that they manage or a pension fund on behalf of the country. This capital is often used to invest into real estate and other asset types around the world, from private equity to infrastructure, equities and fixed income. But they are a significant investor in the private equity space. There are endowments and foundations. So think, sort of, your top universities and nonprofits. There are a number of prominent ones that we work with. They're very sophisticated investors. You have global pension funds. So, large US pension funds across the United States, in Europe, Asia, the Middle East. Those groups are all very sophisticated investors. And, I think the key thing about institutions and actually, sorry, the last bucket I excluded was family offices. I think large family office investors, they are, I view them as being very institutional because they're doing the same thing that you would see, like, an endowment or foundation do. They may or may not be, obviously depends on the family office, so family offices, like, are investing, you know, smaller check sizes and not doing co-investments and direct deals. And then there's a number of large family offices that have a very significant real estate program and are doing a number of these deals directly. So, I would say those are, the sort of, the main buckets that make up institutional investors and those are the type of investors that we work with at Gaw.
ADAM GOWER: But let's get back to the way that a negotiation looks and what I'm getting at here is how you actually get to the finish line. So with this new investor, there is a fairly formalized ritual by which you get to know each other, Q&A, and meetings, and et cetera, et cetera. And then there comes the point where you are pushing across the table, a pitch, right? Invest in this fund, or we have a building we'd like you to take a look at, et cetera. Describe that process. How do you now navigate to the close with somebody like that? What does that process look like?
MIKE HU: So, it totally depends on the investor. I've had meetings with some investors that have gone out of their way to seek me out or the firm out, and they have said, I want to learn more about Gaw Capital and your Gateway fund, for example, the Pan Asia Fund or the US fund. And they've reached out to us, even through like, a cold email and just said, I'd love to, I'd be interested in getting to know you. I work for X, Y, Z organization and it's a notable organization. It's very obvious that they are genuine. They're reaching out and so, we'll have a conversation, and I would say the process ranges from meeting them, usually doing some sort of on site meeting and due diligence from access to a data room, for sort of, desktop DD to ultimately on site DD in our office. So, that investor and or their consultant, especially large US pension funds engage in a consultant and do due diligence on their behalf. And they will do investment level due diligence. They'll also do, sometimes, operational due diligence, which is ODD, and that means reviewing the back of the house. So, understanding how the finance and accounting works, capital calls, distributions, what are the risk and compliance protocols in place, and that's something that most institutional managers like a Gaw Capital, like we're going to be very familiar with it because that's the part that most people don't really talk about, because it's, sort of, the less sexy side of the business, I would say, compared to the, sort of, the investment side where people, you just have to have that. It's sort of a given. Every investor expects that you do that really well.
ADAM GOWER: That's the admin. You're talking about the administration side of things, right?
MIKE HU: That's right. And so, and going back to the process. So you go through that and then at the end of, sort of a due diligence period, that investor goes through usually an investment committee process to approve the investment. Once that's done or along with that time period when that is approved, you enter into legal documentation. And so then, you're negotiating the LPA, or Limited Partnership Agreement to side letters to other other legal docs that are required, and then they're completing a subscription booklet and to finalize the investment.
ADAM GOWER: So, there's a couple of things you talked about there that are very interesting. One, you used the term consultants and then you used the term, legal documents. Both of these basically speak to outside professionals being brought in as part of the negotiation that you put together when you're trying to close a deal with somebody. So just tell me about. What that looks like, again, with a new investor. Presumably you put a contract in front of them and then what? Their team of lawyers will respond to that and then your lawyers will respond to theirs. Just describe that process at little bit and the reason I'm asking you is, as obvious as it may seem to you Mike that that's what people do, is it isn't that obvious, actually, in the world of crowdfunding. So do drill down, if you don't mind, just a little on what it looks like to have consultants involved and lawyers when you're going through this process.
MIKE HU: Yeah, I mean, so the consultants... it's really dependent on the investor. Not all investors use consultants. Some, and they use consultants to different degrees. Some rely on consultants and will not make an investment without a consultant's approval. Other investors use the consultant to augment their own due diligence. Others will have them only focus on certain parts, whether it be the ODD or investment DD portion or on-site DD or whatever it is like. It may be just a small portion and then some just say, we don't use consultants, we just do it all in-house. And, they have a team that is capable of doing the investment themselves and underwriting themselves. The legal due diligence or the legal documentation is the back and forth, typically between our lawyers and their lawyers, along with business counterparts like myself and the investor would ultimately join for the business points. There are different, sort of, hot buttons, I would say that people will touch on. But, it really depends on the investor and it depends on how specific they are with certain legal requirements. Some, like legally, are not able to invest in certain spaces or geographies, etc. and they'll just say, look, we can't do it. We have to have a carve out for that. Others will just say we have a preference, for example, for leverage to be lower or whatever and I'm making examples up like, they could say something and you either choose to accommodate it or you don't. And as the manager, as the GP, if you don't want to agree to that, you have to be willing to potentially lose that investor because that investor and not all investors, as you know, will just, sort of, sign the docs and sort of, take it or leave it type situation. And that's quite different when you're dealing with this sort of negotiation process.
ADAM GOWER: Ok, so what do institutional investors look for in a GP? When they're looking to invest, presumably in the same way as you're looking for investors or talking to investors on a daily basis, investors are looking at GPs on a daily basis. So, what are they looking for and how do they make sure what they see is what they're going to get?
MIKE HU: Yeah, it's a good question. I think they're really looking for GPs with a good track record and with a strategy that they can underwrite and understand. They're focused on, sort of, the best names and I think that's what people are focused on when they're meeting with different managers.
ADAM GOWER: So, that was, again, you did blip out briefly, but let me just paraphrase. So a good track record and also in alignment with their investment strategy. And so how do they determine that you have a great track record? You say, look, here's our presentation. It's more than just. Oh, that's nice. Yes, great. We're satisfied now, isn't it? Tell me a little bit more about what they really do.
MIKE HU: Yeah, so they want to see your track record in terms of like, what are all the deals that you've done and what's the performance of those deals? Right. So assuming you sold some of those, you will have harvested and you'll have some returns that you can show. If you haven't sold them, They'll want to see what are the mark-to-market returns and or projected returns. So, that's what they're looking at. When they're looking at their track record, at someone's track record. They basically are saying, show us everything that you've done to date because we want to know your good deals and your bad deals.
ADAM GOWER: Really? And then, will they ask for references? Will they visit sites? I mean, how do they verify what you're telling them is true?
MIKE HU: Yeah, they'll do both of those.
ADAM GOWER: So how long is the process then, on average? I know there's going to be a range. But, from the first contact with an investor that calls. You make first contact, to closing the first deal with them, you figure?
MIKE HU: I mean, we've done it... I would say.. It could be as quick as two months, like two to three months would be, sort of, I would say warp speed and then there's some investors honestly, like there are some investors that, I'm not exaggerating. There are some investors that we've closed and we've been able to get into one of the Gaw funds or vehicles that we've been speaking to for 10 years.
ADAM GOWER: So what are the biggest risks in institutional investing, both from an investor and a GP perspective?
MIKE HU: Yeah, I think that from a GP's perspective, the biggest risk, which is a risk but also can work as both a plus or a minus, is the investors that are long, long-term type investors, usually have long-term patient capital, however, there are some things that can impact a long-term investor to have them make short-term decisions. So, for example, right now, let's say, like during March, when the equity markets were in a free fall. As the equity markets drop, that actually decreases the equity portfolio. It's called the denominator effect, but it basically decreases their equity portfolio, increases the value of their real estate portfolio and that goes above a certain threshold for an institutional pension fund or an institutional investor that has a certain allocation where they need to stay within that window. They may be forced to sell certain assets during that time period, which may be the wrong time to be selling. And that is something that could negatively impact you as a GP because they could have to sell certain assets that they don't want to sell at that moment in time. I think that the negative for the institutional investor is that I think that they can't, they're not always as nimble. There's usually more bureaucracy. If you're talking about, like a pension fund or a sovereign, they're just not like an endowment or foundation or family office where maybe it's like a single principal that just makes a decision and says we're investing in that deal. It's quite different. So I think that that sort of nimbleness and also probably going back to when you were saying scale, like they're not going to be typically investing in 5-10 million dollar deals because it's not worth their time - it takes the same amount of work as investing into one hundred million dollar deal. So, that's sort of the drawback.
Mike on LinkedIn
Gaw Capital
Gaw Capital on LinkedIn
366 Ethan Penner, Founder and Managing Partner, Mosaic Real Estate Partners
340 Michael Campbell, CEO of The Carlton Group
323 Lucas Capestany, Co-Founder & CEO, Twiz SEO


text:
BankrollMob Forum » Betting Forum » MLB 2015-2016
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26-Jun-15, 21:25 #101
EpsonJack
Posted 26-Jun-15, 21:25 #101
Joined: Aug '08
Cleveland Indians @ Baltimore Orioles
CLE are 0-8 in their last 8 games following a win.
BAL are 8-2 in their last 10 games as an underdog.
BAL are 11-3 in their last 14 games on grass.
BAL are 9-3 in their last 12 games following a win.
I go for the Orioles in this game.
my bet: Baltimore Orioles to win
Tony_MON7ANA
Key thing to watch for in today's game
Harvey looks to stay hot vs. Reds
By Spencer Fordin / MLB.com
Matt Harvey is on a roll again. The Mets' ace has allowed just one earned run over his last two starts, and he'll try to keep his good fortune going Saturday against the Reds. Three starts ago, right before his current hot streak, Harvey allowed a season-high-tying seven earned runs.
mirexxx
Location: Bosnia and Herzegovina
NY Yankees at Houston Astros
Houston has set the pace in the AL West and they currently are enjoying a nice run, winning 6 of their past 10 games. Opening their home stand against New York with a win was a nice way to set the tone and now the Astros will look to finish them off this Saturday.
Gallardo handcuffs Blue Jays in Rangers' win
By Jamie Ross and Dhiren Mahiban / MLB.com
TORONTO -- Backed by three solo homers, Yovani Gallardo was nearly flawless, as he shut the down the Blue Jays and helped the Rangers snap a six-game losing skid with a 4-0 win at Rogers Centre on Saturday.
The Rangers' righty saw his scoreless streak reach 23 1/3 innings -- the longest of his career -- as he three-hit the normally dangerous Blue Jays offense, improving to 7-6 on the season. He tossed 8 1/3 innings, while striking out four and walking two.
Texas Rangers @ Toronto Blue Jays
TOR are 10-3 in their last 13 games as a favorite.
TOR are 10-3 in their last 13 home games.
TOR are 15-5 in their last 20 games on astroturf.
TEX are 3-9 in the last 12 meetings.
I will go with the home team here.
my bet: Toronto Blue Jays to win
Future pitcher? WR Beckham throws 90 mph
By Ben Cosman
New York Giants wide receiver Odell Beckham Jr. is perhaps most famous for making absurd, how-the-heck-did-he-do-that? catches on the football field. But there is another universe, one parallel to our own with just a slightly distorted reality, where ODB is an ace fire-throwing pitcher.
Cleveland Indians vs. Baltimore Orioles
BAL -1 Total 8.5
The Baltimore Orioles have just a pretty good record of 39-34. Lucky for them they are in the just pretty good American League East.
g.l
Cleveland Indians @ Tampa Bay Rays
CLE are 5-16 in their last 21 Mon. games.
TB are 8-2 in their last 10 games following a loss.
CLE are 7-15 in the last 22 meetings in Tampa Bay.
I go with the Rays in this game.
my bet: Tampa Bay Rays to win
Hamilton to be remembered at public viewing, memorial service
By Paul Casella / MLB.com
The life of former Major League outfielder and MLB Network analyst Darryl Hamilton will be honored on Monday in Houston, first at a public viewing and then at a memorial service.
The public viewing will take place from 7:30-9:30 a.m. CT at Earthman Funeral Directors, followed by an 11 a.m. service at the Second Baptist Church.
Hamilton, 50, was killed on June 21 in Pearland, Texas, in what was an apparent murder-suicide.
Texas Rangers vs. Baltimore Orioles
Texas is 1-7 SU in its last 8 games.
Texas is 2-5 SU in its last 7 games on the road.
Baltimore is 9-1 SU in its last 10 games at home.
The total has gone UNDER in 16 of Texas's last 23 games.
The total has gone OVER in 7 of Norris' last 10 starts.
BAL -1 underl 9
Keuchel reaping rewards of Astros' success
After years below .500, Houston ace and Co. enjoy the view from the top
By Richard Justice / MLB.com
HOUSTON -- When Dallas Keuchel discusses his emergence as one of baseball's best pitchers, there are times when he simply stops and tries to put the whole crazy ride into context.
"This season is the most fun I've ever had on a baseball field," Keuchel said.
1-Jul-15, 09:14 #112
Posted 1-Jul-15, 09:14 #112
Minnesota Twins at Cincinnati Reds
The Minnesota Twins and Cincinnati Reds will conclude their three game interleague series from the Great American Ball Park on Wednesday afternoon
Cincinnati Reds win
Chicago White Sox @ St. Louis Cardinals
CHW are 3-10 in their last 13 road games.
CHW are 5-12 in their last 17 overall.
STL are 44-11 in their last 55 home games.
STL are 7-2 in their last 9 games following a loss.
STL are 41-12 in their last 53 games as a favorite.
CHW are 2-6 in the last 8 meetings in St. Louis.
my bet: St. Louis Cardinals to win
Dipoto decides to step down as Angels GM
ANAHEIM -- Angels general manager Jerry Dipoto decided to step down from his position on Wednesday, two days after a FoxSports.com report detailed friction between the front office and coaching staff, a source told MLB.com.
The Angels have not confirmed or commented on the matter and Dipoto has not responded to several requests seeking comment.
"We're gonna have a meeting -- [Angels president] John Carpino's gonna come and fill us in on everything that's going on, and I'll probably have more information after the game," manager Mike Scioscia said before Wednesday's series finale against the Yankees. "I'm gonna wait [to comment] until we get filled in on what's happening."
San Francisco Giants at Miami Marlins
The Giants have won six of their last ten games overall and trail the Los Angeles Dodgers by a game and a half for first place.
Miami Marlins win
Freeman confirms he's out until after break
ATLANTA -- After spending the past couple of weeks dealing with pain and frustration, Braves first baseman Freddie Freeman has conceded that he has no choice but to rest his injured right wrist until after the All-Star break.
Freeman has been sidelined since June 18 with a bone bruise and aggravated ligaments in his right wrist. Though it has been assumed for more than a week that he would be sidelined through the break, it is still too early to pinpoint exactly when he will be healthy enough to return to the Braves' lineup.
Chicago White Sox vs Baltimore Orioles
Baltimore Orioles Asian Handicap -1.50
Not loving laying this kind of number with an Orioles road struggles but the season long struggles for White Sox starter Danks have us taking Baltimore anyways. Orioles offense is doing back-flips to face off against struggling Danks and that is the difference in this one.
Houston Astros @ Boston Red Sox
HOU are 4-11 in their last 15 road games.
HOU are 2-9 in the last 11 meetings in Boston.
HOU are 4-13 in the last 17 meetings.
I go with the home team.
my bet: Boston Red Sox to win
All-Star starters unveiled Sunday, full roster Monday
It was historic because it happened exclusively online. It was personal because it decided the fate of your favorite players. It was intense because you argued a lot. And it was teamwork because you helped shatter a Major League Baseball record.
After 65 consecutive days of relentless fan voting to determine starting positions players for the 86th All-Star Game on July 14 at Great American Ball Park in Cincinnati, the largest All-Star balloting program in sports closed at 11:59 p.m. ET Thursday.
Minnesota Twins @ Kansas City Royals
MIN are 3-7 in their last 10 road games.
KC are 10-2 in their last 12 games as a favorite.
MIN are 17-36 in the last 53 meetings.
I will go for the home team here.
my bet: Kansas City Royals to win


Marriage is hard and building intimacy with your spouse takes a lot of work. Fully knowing each other and fully loving each other at the same time…that's a commitment. But thankfully we have an example of what that looks like for our marriages. Jesus knows our every flaw but it does not limit or pause His love for us. Rather, He loves us in the midst of those flaws and gives us the grace to grow.
But how do you actually develop this kind of intimacy in your marriage? In my last post, I shared that the first key of daily forgiveness has helped Megan and I develop deeper intimacy over the years. Today, I want to share the second key that has made a major difference for our marriage too.
If we look at Ephesians 5:31-33, it's impossible to miss the level of personal sacrifice that both Christ and The Church willingly practice. I've often said that the marriage vow is voluntary death to selfishness (and parenting is forced death to selfishness!). But dying to self is no easy task because our marriages are made up of two different people…which means there are often two different opinions on how things should be done. Whether we are deciding where to eat, how to discipline our kids or even how we should manage our money, Megan and I rarely start off on the same page. I want "A" and she wants "B". But over the years we have discovered the faster we sacrifice our own personal opinions, the faster we discover "C", which is what God wanted to show us all along!
Of course, it's always easier said than done. Putting someone else's needs above our own is one of the most difficult things we can do in life. But we know that we will never escape conflict in marriage. So in our conflict, we can either build up intimacy or tear it down. And from personal experience, the fastest way to tear it down is to focus on winning the argument. When one wins, both lose. But your marriage wins when you begin to sacrifice your personal desires and learn how to compromise. Don't miss what they key ingredient is though…it's personal sacrifice. Compromise and intimacy are impossible without it.
So take the time to work together to discover new options or how you can put your spouse's needs above your own. Resolving conflict with your spouse begins by dying to self. And dying to self deepens the intimacy in your marriage every time.
Be sure to check back tomorrow for part three. Or better yet, subscribe to our blog and you can have each of our posts show up in your email inbox!
Next Next post: ARE YOU ON THE SAME PAGE IN YOUR MARRIAGE?


I know all too well what it's like to crave an adventure while at the same time fearing the unknown. That fear locked me up inside, forced me to stay home, and as each summer passed, would haunt me to the point of personal disappointment and even embarrassment. I wanted to go backpacking, chase the mountains, and hike as long as I could, but I simply didn't know where to start.
My lack of knowledge was crippling until one day I finally had enough of sitting around and decided to make a change.
After just a few years, many mistakes, and even moments of thinking I'd never backpack ever again, I've found myself in a place where backpacking is now second nature and something I can't live without.
I've learned over the years is that backpacking is a simple activity, but we often overcomplicate it with gear obsessions and fears. With each blog post, podcast episode, and YouTube video, I'lll show you just how simple it can be!
Hi, My Name is Emory!
My name is Emory and I know from personal experience what it takes to backpack hunt, Thru Hike, and just relax for a weekend in the mountains.
Regardless of your experience level, I'm here to help you and I know I can help make your time in the backcountry better each and every time you head out.
I'll be here for you through it all. I'll be a source of confidence, encouragement, and hopefully a laugh or two.


With our network support and IT management services, we use technology to increase your company's productivity, operations and boost your profits in New Haven, Hartford and Fairfield Counties. . .
Technology has two faces: it can make a huge contribution to your organization's success, efficiency and profitability or it can be a pain in the neck using up your precious resources. Therefore, businesses in and around New Haven, Hartford, Fairfield, Meriden, Stamford, Danbury and all of Connecticut, have confidence in us to install and support their organization's computer network technology.
First get to know in depth your business, your expectations and your budget deliver only IT services that YOU want, not what we assume you should have.
Deal proactively with computer support in the prevention of lost time, data and other disasters from occurring instead of reactively dousing the fire.
Stand firm on our every recommendation by offering a 100% guarantee.


text:
Q: Is there a way to sense outgoing chat message from player? Minecraft Forge 1.16.1 I'm new to coding Minecraft Forge mods, and need help intercepting a chat message. It needs to be so:

*

*Nobody else can see the message

*It can reply with it's own message, or open a gui, or do something.

A: Like Michael pointed out in the comments, you can use the ClientChatEvent
@SubscribeEvent
public void chatMessage(ClientChatEvent event){
    ...
}

ClientChatEvent is fired whenever the client is about to send a chat message or command to the server.

You can read about how to use the event bus system in the Forge documentation.


text:
Q: Secure JSF Application (Login) with Glassfish I'm trying to secure my JSF Application. I am using a JDBC MySQL connection. The password is hashed using SHA-256 function. The j_security_check is always redirecting me to error.xhtml page.
Username: admin
Password: admin
This is the MySQL database tables:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `group`;
CREATE TABLE `group` (
  `groupname` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
  `useranme` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`groupname`,`useranme`),
  KEY `user_group_fk_idx` (`useranme`),
  CONSTRAINT `user_group_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`useranme`) REFERENCES `user` (`username`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO group VALUES ('admin','admin');

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `username` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(256) NOT NULL,
  `name` varchar(45) DEFAULT NULL,
  `timestamp` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`username`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('admin','8c6976e5b5410415bde908bd4dee15dfb167a9c873fc4bb8a81f6f2ab448a918','Administrator','2014-03-21 15:03:42');

*

*I've created a new JDBC Connection Pools called UserDB //ping succeeded

Resource type: javax.sql.ConnectionPoolDataSource

*I've created a new JDBC Resources called jdbc/user (JNDI Name)

*I've created a new Realm with these fields: (Realm name = "userdb")

     JAASContext = "jdbcRealm"
     JNDI = "jdbc/user"
     UserTable = "user"
     UserNameColumn = "username"
     PasswordColumn = "password"
     GroupTable = "group"
     GroupNameColumn = "groupname"
     DigestAlgorithm = "SHA-256"
     PasswordEncryptionAlgorithm = "AES"

web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd">
    <context-param>
        <param-name>javax.faces.PROJECT_STAGE</param-name>
        <param-value>Development</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.xhtml</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>
            30
        </session-timeout>
    </session-config>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.xhtml</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
    <security-constraint>
        <display-name>Admin Security</display-name>
        <web-resource-collection>
            <web-resource-name>Admin</web-resource-name>
            <description/>
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </web-resource-collection>
        <auth-constraint>
            <description/>
            <role-name>admin</role-name>
        </auth-constraint>
    </security-constraint>
    <login-config>
        <auth-method>FORM</auth-method>
        <realm-name>userdb</realm-name>
        <form-login-config>
            <form-login-page>/login.xhtml</form-login-page>
            <form-error-page>/error.xhtml</form-error-page>
        </form-login-config>
    </login-config>
    <security-role>
        <description/>
        <role-name>admin</role-name>
    </security-role>
</web-app>

glassfish-web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE glassfish-web-app PUBLIC "-//GlassFish.org//DTD GlassFish Application Server 3.1 Servlet 3.0//EN" "http://glassfish.org/dtds/glassfish-web-app_3_0-1.dtd">
<glassfish-web-app error-url="">
  <security-role-mapping>
    <role-name>admin</role-name>
    <group-name>admin</group-name>
  </security-role-mapping>
  <class-loader delegate="true"/>
  <jsp-config>
    <property name="keepgenerated" value="true">
      <description>Keep a copy of the generated servlet class' java code.</description>
    </property>
  </jsp-config>
</glassfish-web-app>

And this is the login page:
<form action="j_security_check" method="POST">
   Username:<input type="text" name="j_username"/><br/>
   Password:<input type="password" name="j_password"/>
   <input type="submit" value="Login"/>
</form>