1. Tell us about your background in nursing – how long you have been a nurse and what areas of nursing have you worked?
I went back to nursing school after my first degree. I have been a nurse for over two decades and have always searched for jobs that 'fit' my life. I never worked full-time as a nurse. I always had something on-the-side brewing.
I started out in orthopedics at a trauma center, so we got a lot of very hurt people. Only after a year, I got a teaching job for teaching the state course for Certified Nursing Assistants. I wasn't qualified for the job because I was a new nurse, but due to an oversight in the state application process, I was approved and I began teaching. I knew I could do it and I loved hearing myself talk. Since I was a former stand-up comedian, I could always make the most boring subject fun (like fire extinguishers).
During that time, since the teaching was only 15-20 hours a week, I had odd nursing jobs, like weekend supervisor and I always did personal training and worked in fitness on the side. Between classes I decided to apply for a part time educator position at a Long Term Care Facility, I got it. My director was very progressive and as long as I did my required inservices, she let me run wellness inservices like Yoga and relaxation, stress reduction for the staff. It was then that I started to write my own health and wellness programs.
My first one was called, "Stressed Out & Loving it!" I started applying to speak at nursing events and submitting articles to nursing publications all through the 1990's. The hospital across the street from us acquired our facility and I noticed that they had a "Health Resources " dept. One day I went to the manager of that department's stress lecture series, stayed late after every lecture and helped her put away her supplies and we walked out to our cars together at night. Soon she knew my specialties. One day she asked me to give a "contracted lecture" on exercise and health improvement. The rest was history as they say.
Within 3 months I was hired part-time in that health resources department. For 15 years I worked as an RN health educator, organized and worked health fairs, did thousands of health screenings, gave hundreds of health-related talks to the public , did program design, I even taught exercise classes for specific disease prevention (like strength training for osteoporosis prevention). Because I was a nurse with a fitness background the hospital paid me a nurses' rate, not a fitness trainer's rate. Our department even promoted and put together "road shows" for physicians and their specialty too.
2. How did you come up with the idea of nurses becoming Fitness Nurse Consultants™?
One of the many independent contractor jobs I had was teaching for a whole weekend and nationally certifying people to become personal trainers. In those courses, I noticed more times than not, a nurse or two was in the class. I began to think if personal trainers and group fitness instructors could work with all kinds of people, after a weekend certification course and as long as they followed the ACSM guidelines, a nurse was more than qualified. Especially the nurse with 'formal fitness' training.
I started thinking of ways for nurses to somehow combine their fitness certifications/training and their nursing skills. But I didn't want to compete with fitness professionals. I want nurses to fill that need in the market where people leave a physician's office with a prescription to exercise and the fitness nurse would fill that prescription or 'carryout that activity order' by the physician.
This small area in the market is served by personal trainers, but from my experience and speaking with physicians, not that well. Many fitness professionals want to only work with people who can do their detailed fitness programs. I want Fitness Nurse Consultants™ to do more than teach exercise classes and count reps. I want them to use their assessment skills and create a Signature Fitness Nursing Program for health improvement for a specific disease process and to improve risk factors and then present these programs to private practice physicians who desperately need help with improving the outcomes of complex patients who want to exercise.
3. You teach nurses how to become Fitness Nurse Consultants™, can you tell us about your 6 month mentoring program for nurses?
As I said earlier, not to knock personal trainers, I was one myself, but most of them are somewhat unprofessional and they don't have the range of health improvement and disease prevention knowledge base of that of a licensed nurse.
4. Who would you say you program is for, meaning is it for any nurse or do you require specific qualifications to enroll in your program?
Although I understand the importance of qualifications, since my history has mostly been getting 'dream jobs' on taking action and delivering results, you only need to be a licensed nurse with a fitness certification and/or compelling health & fitness story and a willingness to try something that you want to do. Saying that, my programs are not for every nurse interested in fitness. Any nurse can call themselves a fitness nurse and do anything they want. But if you want to call yourself a Fitness Nurse Consultant™, which is a specific, trademarked process you have to enroll in the 6-month mentorship program and work with private practice physicians.
5. What advice would you give a nurse who is considering starting her own business even if it's not as a fitness nurse consultant™?
They need to be more specific in who they want to help and how they will help them. You should think of your niche as a narrow well; not a vast ocean. You should find a hungry crowd. Ask yourself, WHO are the people that can benefit the most from what you do? WHERE are they located? How can you connect with them? WHAT are the problems that they are already looking to solve? Make your offer(s) match that. Most nurses I encounter in business don't know lead generation, lead conversion nor lead nurturing and they don't make enough offers, if any. I have opted-in to quite a few e-mail lists of fellow nurse entrepreneurs and have yet to receive a newsletter or any follow-up.
Make your websites less about you and more about the result that you deliver. If you enjoy social media and blogging you may have a great hobby; but if you are in business and have limited time, you need to ask if you are making any money with it? If you are, how? Is it worth the time that you spend on it?
Get excellent at positioning your self with your message and your solution and don't hold back. I don't see much distinction in nurse-based businesses, especially in the health and wellness field. I could go on and on, but finally for this interview, they want to wait till everything is 'perceived perfect' before they 'launch it'. Unfortunately, when they do this, they may find out, too late, that nobody wants it. They should pre-market all ideas first.
6. Do you offer any other services or products for nurses?
Yes I offer 3 main programs. As mentioned earlier my "premium" 6-month VIP mentorship. But for nurses who aren't ready for that, I offer a weekend intensive called, "How to Get Clear, Get Started and Get Your 1st [Fitness Nursing] Client in a Weekend". And yet still, I offer a brand new 4-month fixed membership club for future fitness nurses who just want to 'test the water'. During both of these programs, I teach pre-marketing your fitness nursing idea by creating a [FN] Income Project and then using the philosophy of "Create Painkillers; NOT Vitamins" to create urgency among what you do. This is a lot less stressful than starting a full business when you're not sure about your idea and if it will take off.
Lori 'Minky' Radcliffe, RN, Fitness Nurse Mentor and Pre-Marketing Strategist for [FN] Income Projects for future Fitness Nurses interested in trying out their fitness nursing idea. A health & fitness professional since 1981 and a Registered Nurse for 2 decades, made a living working in both industries, working for herself, and finally combining the two. Now she helps other nurses do the same. Read more about her Fitness Nurse evolution – Fitness Nursing. Connect here- Facebook | Twitter.
In closing I just want to say Thanks So Much Lori for a great interview!


The risi e bisi (peas and rice) Venetian dish started having strawberries added to it in the 19th century as a national gourmet symbol against Austria in order to represent the Italian flag colours.
The variety in styles that you will witness as part of Venice's architectural heritage is interesting and very beautiful.
There is a strange mask you might encounter during the fun event known as the Carnival of Venice while you are on your trip in Italy that is strapless with no lips or mouth hole known as the moretta mask. This mask was traditionally worn by patrician women in order to conceal their identity.
In the 19th century, when the railway was built linking Venice to Italy, the amount of tourists that began to arrive to the islands was considerably more than the actual inhabitants at the time!
One of the top 10 things to do in Venice would include trying Venetian cuisine at one of the local restaurants near all the famous landmarks and historic monuments preserved for centuries.


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Next up on the classic sbemail list is... Email 5, making out.
The only thing I can say about this one is meh. It wasn't particularly funny, but it wasn't a total pukevalanche. I say 2/5. Also, stay tune for next week, when we'll celebrate Halloween with the featuring of a classic non-email: Homestarloween Party!
That was the worst email, ever.


A CISO is the information security officer of an organization, who must tell organizations to create security policies, manage those policies, information, assets, and risks associated with them, and create security programs and awareness plans.
What is the profile of a CISO?
There is not one 'cut and dry' way to become a CISO in a public or private organization. Many professionals start from computer security and work their way up. From pre and postgraduate training that allows you to get the necessary technical knowledge, the appropriate profile seems to be 50% technical. That means that the individual understands the subject of computer security and 50% of leadership and management experts, lead people, plans, and actions. Those actions lead to completed and accepted goals.
A CISO should know the technical parts because they must be able to talk to administrators and security analysts, as well as managers of the organization, without problems. In technical language and managerial language, your communication should be clear and effective.
Is the same true for information security (INFOSEC) and computer security (ITSEC)?
It is often thought that information security is only about the preventive and reactive controls, or about the configuration of the IDS/IPS, the antivirus, or the spam filter. We talk about a risk scenario and the treatment of risks to security, and it is an accuracy that will take space to improve their understanding, given the security of information, has an articulating arm to the management of computer security and cybersecurity.
Information security is responsible for protecting the information assets in all its formats. The 14 domains, for example, simplify ISO 27.001: 2013, from information assets, electronic or paper, people, and processes into detective, preventive, dissuasive, reactive, compensatory controls.
Considering and understanding how fast technology is advancing in the information age, cloud computing, smart cities, the internet of things, industry 4.0 and from the other point of view malware as a service, it is imperative that organizations take steps to be precise, clear in the search to take better care of information assets and in recent cases we have seen the information of citizens.
Information security, part of convincing top management, on how important it is an effective safeguard of information assets, in precise clear language, in business language. Without the support of the business, any policy will be insufficient, let's not forget that those who are responsible for complying with the policies are the people and if they do not have the mandate or the motivation to do so frankly do not open awareness campaign to achieve it.
Next, as a complement identifies the pillars that deliver the management of information security and which means as a contribution to the service in the quest to generate value for the organization.
Confidentiality: Information labeled as private, confidential, sensitive or reserved should operate under the right people. It is a guarantee that must exist in a service of the nature of the Undersecretariat since documents must maintain their character and recipient, and only be received by the person corresponding to the moment of his evacuation.
Integrity: The information cannot be modified without authorization. Preserving its initial format.
Availability: Officials must be able to enter information and work on it when they need it.
Authenticity and non-repudiation: The service must generate guarantees that only authorized users and owners use their credentials, thus avoiding possible problems of misuse of organizational accounts.
Traceability: Should the service be able to trace the processes, or determine the "what? when? or how?" of the critical processes of the organization? Yes! It improves the response times of formal processes or administrative documents.
Finally, being a CISO is not a simple task. It is one which requires a constant effort and a dedication to studies as well as certification in the best practices of the market. Always be pending to the threats of the environment since these never rest.
Awesome article and great information. Thank you!


text:
Katarina Bivald
While I should be writing
Richard Booth's Bookshop, or One crazy man's quest to fill a town with books
I'm in Hay on Wye, the town made famous for their amount of bookshops, and I've decided to find out how, exactly, a small Welsh town gets filled with book.
The first step was naturally Richard Booth's Bookshop. Untill a few years ago, there might have been forty bookshops in Hay on Wye, but none of the sold new books. This changed when Richard Booth sold his main bookshop.
It is always depressing for an author when we have to resort to "words fail me", but when it comes to Richard Booth's Bookshop, this is very much tragically the case. Louise still thinks I only bought Richard Booths autobiography King of Books, but in fact, I bought that one at his own bookshop (apparently he couldn't keep away). At Richard Booth's, I bought five other ones…
Nick Jarvis of Richard Booth's Bookshop kindly pointed me along to Pam, who'd worked at the bookshop ever since Richard Booth started it.
"It was very different then. The new owner made quite a lot of changes – very neccessary ones, too. I was with Richard almost when it started."
So how did the town get so filled with books?
"Well, this was at a time when many people had to sell their large country houses. With large country house libraries. Richard started out with just a small bookshop – I think he'd had a friend who ran a secondhand-bookshop in his Oxford days, and that that inspired him. And then all these old libraries came up for sale, and he just… bought them. And another thing was happening at the same time: young people didn't automatically follow in their parents footstep. Old people who kept a shop retired, and no one took over, so we had all these empty shops around and Richard, well, he just filled them with books, one at a time."
What did people think about it?
"Well, not everyone was pleased, but in the end it did a lot of good for the town. Former employees of his opened their own bookshops, and the festival brought in quite a lot of tourism, so the other shops also benefited. When I look back at that time, and the mountains of books, I wonder: how did I ever get through them? I've been here quite some years. I could retire of course, but…"
Do you want to?
On my way out, it struck me that someone must surely have written about this. "Well, there's an autobiography by Richard, but I'm not sure if we have it… I can't see why we don't. But try The Kingdom of Books. That's his own bookshop."
Kingdom of Books?
"Richard proclaimed the town's independence once. On April 1."
Email (will not be published)*
Copyright © 2023 Katarina Bivald

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Voodoo 21 model has a Black stained Maple that haunts the forearm and the sleeve. The digitally engraved red "Bloodshed" paint designs drip from the forearm and coat the Voodoo logo on the sleeve. The wrap is made of Black leather and is sure to offer a non slip grip.


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Hi! Sign in to let us know how All American Deli was?
jennifer w. Jun 18 .
This place is honestly rather dirty. Dirty people seem to work there and it is really dirty inside as well. The prices are the norm.- but I have noticed food past the expiration date on the shelves. I really wouldn't recommend this place unless you just want to buy a drink or cigarettes.
For me this store is good just for its convenient location which is around the corner from my house. They have lots of snacks and some household items. They also have a deli where you can get cold cuts or a sandwich made, they only use boar's head meat, so it is fairly expensive. Since they have gone under new management over the passed year the customer service has definitely gone down. With the new quikcheck down the road I can not imagine this place lasting much longer. It is definitely worth the few extra miles to get to quikchek or wawa.
If you've been to or used All American Deli, leave a review.


text:
Sun 18 Feb 2018 03:46 PM
Oman signs deal for oil and gas exploration
Oil giant BP starts production at $16bn Oman gas field
Iran, Oman change gas export pipeline route to avoid UAE
Lisbon-based Partex in talks to sell oil and gas unit, including Gulf stakes
Oman firm picked to develop $10bn refinery in Indonesia
Rising oil prices unlikely to trigger new Gulf boom time
Oman Gas Company
Oman Gas working with banks on $1bn bridge loan - sources
Natural gas transport company will use the financing for capex purposes and to purchase assets from the government
State-owned Oman Gas Co. is working with a group of banks to raise a bridge loan of slightly over $1 billion, which will later be refinanced via a U.S. dollar bond issue, sources familiar with the matter said.
The natural gas transport company, which was bought by state-owned Oman Oil Company in 2013, will use the financing for capex purposes and to purchase assets from the government, the sources said.
One of the sources said the loan talks were at an early stage with "a lot of building blocks" still needed before it can be completed.
A group of banks including Bank Muscat, JPMorgan, Natixis, and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation were working with the company on the planned financing, the sources said.
The loan is expected to have a one-year maturity extendable by another year. After this period, the company plans to refinance the debt facility – and potentially raise more funds for additional capex plans – through the issue of US dollar-denominated bonds.
One of the sources said the loan would be finalised as soon as possible this year, but that the exact timeline was not clear.
Oman Gas was established in 2000 with a 27-year concession to own, construct and operate natural gas facilities in Oman, according to its website.
For all the latest energy and oil news from the UAE and Gulf countries, follow us on Twitter and Linkedin, like us on Facebook and subscribe to our YouTube page, which is updated daily.
Oman Gas


DON LEMON, CNN ANCHOR: Welcome, everyone, to a CNN SPECIAL REPORT, MYSTERY OF FLIGHT 370. I'm Don Lemon.
The joint task force heading up the search for missing flight 370 has just announced a news conference. This unplanned briefing is set to take place at midnight Eastern Time, in just about an hour. And we're going bring that to you live.
So right now, though, we want to talk about for the first time we have what could be the sound from the plane's black box. Search crews are scouring the Indian Ocean, trying to find out if there is anything to the pings that they heard this weekend from Chinese ships, from a Chinese ship. A specially equipped ship that has now arrive at the spot where the two pulse signals were picked up. On board the HMS Echo high detection gear. Just north, just north-northeast of there, I should say, the Australian ship Ocean Shield is continuing its investigations, trying to figure out the source of a curious, quote, "acoustic event".
And for the latest on the search, I want to go to Perth, where the news conference is soon to be taking place, and that's senior international correspondent Matthew Chance. So Matthew, do you have any clues as to what this impromptu press briefing may be about?
MATTHEW CHANCE, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Not really. I mean, I've spoken to the press office there, and they've said it's just an update on the status of the search. You know, but, it feels like it could be a significant development. It feels like after the experience of the press conference yesterday when such a lot of detail was given, that it's going to be well worth, you know, kind of listening to.
It's going to be given by Angus Houston, who is the retired air chief marshal here in Australia that is heading up the multinational effort to look for that missing Malaysian airliner. You know, remember, don, there are two main areas of focus at the moment. The one of them, perhaps the primary one, we don't know, where these Chinese ship or this Chinese ship detected a pulse from under the surface using their equipment and where the British vessel, the HMS Echo is now headed and has now arrived and has now started also to try and look for some kind of pulse with its high-tech equipment underneath the surface of the Indian Ocean.
But there is another area as well, which I think we shouldn't lose focus on, which is that Ocean Shield, that Australian vessel, which has been described as the most technologically advanced vessel that there is in that multinational fleet looking for this missing Malaysian airliner. It has that bit of U.S. naval equipment that it is towing along the back, the TPL, the towed pinger locator. And that's a very significant, very sensitive bit of equipment. And that is monitoring what it describes as an acoustic event as well. Hopefully at this upcoming press briefing in an hour from now, we're going get some clarity on what the progress has been in both of those two areas, don.
LEMON: OK. So they honed in on these specific areas, saying that yesterday in the press conference, and Matthew, you were here last night, they were saying that they sort of reconfigured some satellite information and then corresponded it with where they saw the sounds. And that sort of changed the search area. And also, Angus Houston said that's when he moved certain assets into the area of these possible pings, Matthew.
CHANCE: Yes. I think there were a couple of factors at play, to be honest. That was definitely one of them. Perhaps the prime factor, that they had recalculated or reassessed the original satellite data that they've received. And it has shifted the emphasis or the priority of the search towards the southern area of the search zone. It didn't really shift the parameters of the zone, it just emphasized the southern part of that search zone as well.
In addition to that, we had these reports coming from the Chinese media initially that that Chinese ship, the Haixun 01, had located those two events two separate acoustic events, two kilometers apart separated by 12 hours as well. And so that was another possible clue that had to be investigated given the intensity of the moment and the time pressure the search operation is under. So yes, they moved their resources, their assets significantly because of those two factors, don.
LEMON: All right, Matthew Chance in Perth. Matthew, thank you very much. I want to bring in our experts now. CNN aviation analyst Mary Schiavo, Colleen Keller, and integral player in the search for Air France 447. Also CNN aviation correspondent Richard Quest and CNN aviation analyst Les Abend. And audio expert Paul Ginsberg joins me now.
Mary, what do you make of this unannounced press briefing?
MARY SCHIAVO, CNN AVIATION ANALYST: Well, I would like to be optimistic and say that since they deployed the Echo up to where the Chinese had picked up the pings on two different days that they have an update for us and say they have put their equipment in the water and they're listening. And either they heard something or they haven't. And as the previous guest mentioned, it would be nice to hear what the shield is doing. I mean, surely they know that the world is waiting for the next ping. That's what I hope we hear about. If they've got any new news to tell us about the sounds from the deep.
LEMON: Geoffrey Thomas also joins us from airlineratings.com. Geoffrey, you're in Perth. Angus Houston is there. Perhaps you have some information that you might want to share with us before he comes out and gives his press briefing?
GEOFFREY THOMAS, MANAGING EDITOR, AIRLINERATINGS.COM: Yes, Don. Look, there is a sense that this announcement may have something to do with what the Ocean Shield has found or not found. The sense is that possibly it has found something or it has reconfirmed what I've found yesterday. Approximately 12 hours ago, sorry, 24 hours ago, it located an anomaly, an acoustic event and it was left in the area. There is a bit of a sense that this announcement is going to relate to the Ocean Shield, whether it's actually found something or not. And maybe, maybe it has. Maybe it has.
LEMON: Yes. We'll see. Again, I think what is important and what is interesting here is that he said I will come out and brief you within the next couple days, he said, or when I get something new or worth telling you. Richard Quest, you picked up on that. We were both listening to him last night as he gave that press briefing around this time.
RICHARD QUEST, CNN AVIATION CORRESPONDENT: Yes and it wouldn't surprise me if he just comes out to give an up some, if you like. He is very well aware now of the enormous, not only the enormous nature, but how everyone is on tenterhooks waiting, because the deadline is coming very much closer.
LEMON: Richard, I don't think he would come out just to say I have nothing.
QUEST: I don't know. I'm not so sure. I think he might be saying that is the situation on Ocean Shield. This is the situation here. This is what we've got for you. Because he knows -- last night he set the parameters for the next few days. Or for the next few hours. Now it's time to tell us how those parameters are moving forward. I just don't -- it's hard to get.
PAUL GINSBERG, FORENSIC AUDIO EXPERT: I'm going with he's got some information. Just a gut feeling.
GINSBERG: We all hope and pray.
LES ABEND, CNN AVIATION ANALYST: I wanted to touch on a real serious consideration that Richard said with reference to the Chinese holding back on the technology they have with reference to Paul's expertise. Is it possible -- why would the HMS Echo be going over there, just a question of mine, if the Chinese ship had more technology than they're showing? Just a question. It could be that they want to verify the same information.
ABEND: But then again, maybe that technology isn't available on that ship. Just a possibility.
LEMON: Colleen Keller, you know, Angus Houston, the Australians are under tremendous pressure. I don't think -- no one under more pressure than the Chinese, though, because they have the most to lose, the most to gain. Most of the passengers were Chinese. But granted that he, being the sort of person that he is, since he has been put in charge of this investigation, he doesn't appear to be the kind of person that will come out and say I have nothing new to tell you. He will just tell you in a press briefing, I don't have anything new and when I do, I will come out and tell you.
COLLEEN KELLER, SENIOR ANALYST, METRON INC: No, I think he has something to tell us. But he could either tell us that they have detected a signal and that it sounds promising, or that they have detected a signal and they have discounted it. But at least he is giving us an update because everybody knows they have detected a signal and everybody is wondering what they're doing about it. So I don't see anything unusual about this press conference at all but I'm also not expecting any good news in particular.
About the Chinese ship operating down there, it is interesting to note that when the Chinese ship did get the detection, it was relayed to the Australians via Chinese news agency and the Chinese authorities, not directly to the Australians, which indicates that the Chinese ship was not operating directly under the Australian search authority. And what is more, the reason why they maybe sent the echo is a, maybe they have more sophisticated equipment on board, but also because the echo is operating under the Australian search authority. So they have more control in that sense.
LEMON: All right, guys. Stick around. You know, it has been a month of watching and waiting in agony for passengers' families. Up next, we're heading to Beijing where some families have returned home.
LEMON: 31 days and still not a piece of missing Malaysian flights 370 has been found. Not a wing, not a piece of luggage, nothing. And certainly not either of the plane's critical black boxes. Many of the passenger's families are returning home to Beijing now, frustrated at the pace of the investigation.
We want to go again to CNN's David McKenzie. He joins us from Beijing. David, how are families holding up?
DAVID MCKENZIE, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Well, they're struggling, Don. Those families you described who were in Kuala Lumpur, they went there to get more information. So clearly, they haven't got the information that they wanted. Coming back to Beijing, joining the hundreds of others here who are waiting to get some kind of clarity, just like the rest of us. But for them, of course, their bread winner is on board, their children, their grandparents. There is a whole host of cross section of Chinese society in particular, more than 150 Chinese nationals on board. And we should never lose sight of the fact that this is a human story primarily. And the people we have spoken to have very mixed feelings about this latest news.
STEVE WANG, PASSENGER'S SON: Maybe this is the time. Maybe for the next couple of days, next couple of months, next couple of years, we will find the ending. But there will be a time that it will end. So to me, I don't want that it is MH370, but if it's the facts I have to face it.
YE LUN, BROTHER-IN-LAW OF PASSENGER (via translator): I feel the news from the press conference could be true because the area is where the plane should be. It's so strange that there was no emergency beacon signal. I think the plane glided onto the water and sank so the beacons weren't activated.
MCKENZIE: So the family members following the news just like the rest of us, and some of them steeling themselves for a potential very long wait, Don. And certainly, as that wait continues, many of them that I have spoken to are just exhausted now because this process has just kept their lives on hold.
LEMON: So any encouragement also from the new bits of information about, you know, a possible ping here, a possible ping there, some debris here. Does that offer them any sort of encouragement?
MCKENZIE: Well, I think they're kind of jaded at this point. They don't want to believe or rarely believe anything they're hearing. Time and time again, we've heard the following, that in fact they won't believe anything until they see physical evidence. As you said, when you introed the segment, they there hasn't been that physical piece of evidence, a plane, any kind of thing you can tangibly hold on to. So the data that has been used to analyze where this plane potentially went down, this audio or the ping recordings that appear to have been at least suspected to have been recorded by the Chinese and possibly other nations, all of this is analysis that doesn't really give much comfort to these families. Because, for them, to kind of start the process, they need concrete things.
Also, an important cultural aspect to this. In Chinese society, you want to physically receive the body or the remains if it comes to that. So even if we find some kind of physical evidence, for many of these people, just they will never have closure in this case. So very traumatic indeed.
LEMON: Well, it's pretty awful. Thank you, David McKenzie. Appreciate you, David McKenzie in Beijing.
As we mentioned, we're awaiting a news conference from the joint agency that is searching for missing Malaysia Airlines flight 370. It is being described as an update on the status of the search. And as we await that conference, my panel is back, and we have some questions from our viewers. So, Les, Mary -- I'm sorry, a viewer is asking can't the black boxes be removed and thrown out of the aircraft? It's highly unlikely, but is it possible?
ABEND: No. They're permanently installed in the tail of the airplane. And the block boxes themselves are highly inaccessible.
LEMON: Another question that we were talking about earlier before we went on the air is can the black boxes be turned off? Les?
ABEND: No. The only -- well, let me recant that. Yes, they can throw a circuit breaker. They can be turned off. But it takes -- you have to climb into the electronic and engineering compartment and it's a real process to get down there to do it.
QUEST: I just want to jump in on this question. I want to advance that question. Excellent question about can the black boxes be removed. Can they be or should they be deployable in the event of an accident, as in some cases they are in the military. In other words, in the plane in extremis, the black box leaves the aircraft.
GINSBERG: Well, first of all, I want to add to what Les said in that, yes, even if you can turn off the black box, the recording up to that point will remain in memory.
GINSBERG: What happened. So before that, which was the result of something that happened, perhaps in the cockpit conversation or some other activity that resulted in somebody being able to do that.
LEMON: Is that Mary -- it sounds like somebody is trying to get. I'm not sure if it's Mary or Colleen. Go ahead, Mary.
SCHIAVO: Yes, it's Mary. You know what happened in Silk Air. Now Silk Air is the strange one where the NTSB said it was pilot suicide and the United States district court, the jury, said it was a rudder hardover. In that case, our NTSB said that the pilot pulled the circuit breaker for the cockpit voice recorder and he was able to do that in the cockpit. So, you know, maybe a difference on the flight data recorder. But in Silk Air, and that was in a public report, our own NTSB said the pilot managed to pull the circuit breaker on the CVR. So the CVR was all clean. And we didn't have anything in the crash sequence. There was nothing because the CVR had stopped.
LEMON: But up until that point, you heard what happened, right, until the pilot pulled.
ABEND: It was a different aircraft, Mary, correct? SCHIAVO: Right. 37. It was a 37.
LEMON: There you go. It can be -- you can actually shut it off. That's very interesting. That's a very good viewer question.
LT. COL. MICHAEL KAY, CNN AVIATION ANALYST: Hi, how are you doing, Don?
LEMON: Hey, Mike. OK, I have a question from a viewer. Mikey Kay is a CNN aviation analyst who's with us. And here is what Dan wants to know, is that can you use a magnetometer -- can a magnetometer be used to help find the fuselage of a missing plane?
KAY: Magnetometer, if that is a mag boom type of situation or piece of technology which is a magnetic anomaly detector, then that's exactly what the P-3 Orion uses to detect submarines just under the surface of the ocean. I think these types of equipments and technologies are optimized for submarines. They're not optimized to find aircraft or debris that have crashed into the ocean. It all depends really on what the material is that you're looking for. If you're looking for a ferrous piece of metal, you might be able to pick something up. But if it's not large, it's not going to be affecting the earth's magnetic field, and that's what these mag booms do, they detect a difference in the magnetic force field of the earth that allows them to detect submarines.
LEMON: So the answer is -- and we were discussing this a little bit -- the answer is yes, right? You can use in somewhat, can't you use a magnetometer? But he says that's what a P-3 is using.
ABEND: But Mikey's saying it's only for detecting submarines and not for the depth that this airplane might be is my understanding. Miike, you can correct me.
KAY: That's exactly right, Les, yes.
KELLER: Yes, I totally agree. Let's remember, this isn't a submarine. It's an aircraft. It's made of aluminum and carbon fiber. So it's -- a submarine on the other hand is a steel hull meant to withstand pressure, so it's not going to have the same kind of signature as a submarine. And the depth that we're talking about, several miles, is way beyond what a magnetometer would typically detect a submarine at.
LEMON: OK, great. Stand by. Everyone, again, we're awaiting a press conference that's going to happen just about 35 minutes. Just about 35 minutes here on CNN. It is by the man who is in charge of this multinational search for the plane, the missing flight 370, Angus Houston, to hold a press conference. I'm not sure exactly what he is going to say, but we're going the carry it for you here live. It could be some encouraging and promising news. Hopefully it is. So what if the plane's entire instrument panel failed? Would the jet be able to land safely? That's one of the questions from our viewers and we're going to take you inside our flight simulator to answer that question next.
LEMON: We're back now with more on the search for missing Malaysian flight 370. Let's head back to the flight simulator now. CNN's Martin Savidge and pilot trainer Mitchell Casado.
OK, guys. Good to see you again. Here is what Denise asks. She says, if the entire instrument panel failed, guys, would it even be possible for the pilot to land the plane safely?
MARTIN SAVIDGE, CNN CORRESPONDENT. Well, it's a good question. The first part of that answer is that this cockpit is laid out with wiring so that many of the instruments are different circuitry. Correct?
MITCHELL CASADO, PILOT TRAINER: That's right. So they're very smart over a point. So they're say if one of the captain's displays were to go, for example, we have the first officer's, and they're not going to be connected so you have that redundancy. SAVIDGE: We have three flight management systems here. One, two, and three. So there is that kind of backup redundancy. Also, let's say you lose this screen, there is a way to switch?
CASADO: Well there is, absolutely. So let's say one of these screens stopped working, we can move the instruments from one screen to the other so that you don't have a loss of information. You do it with all the screens here. Same from Martin's side. You can move all the screens.
SAVIDGE: And last I want to point out, what is this little box?
CASADO: That little box is the standby instrument. So encompassing, included in that little box is all of these instruments just on a smaller scale.
SAVIDGE: I just noticed we're making our big turn around Indonesia right now.
SAVIDGE: At the same time, let's say we lost everything. You lost it all. You would still have -- actually there would be a compass.
SAVIDGE: And then you have your own pair of eyes assuming it's daylight, or even at nighttime you've got your visual acute.
SAVIDGE: So in essence, there is always still a way, even if it meant pulling out the charts and doing it the way they used to and plotting a course that way. And there is still a way the pilot could get it on the ground.
LEMON: The 777 pilot on the set is weighing in here, saying not going to happen. Nope, nope, nope. There is no way you would lose the instrument.
LEMON: Even a huge fire, nothing, never going to happen, Les?
LEMON: Lightning struck the cockpit, never going to happen?
ABEND: Martin said it the best way, that there is so many circuits and backup systems for this incredible airplane that it's not going to happen. It's just not going to happen.
LEMON: It's not like you see in the movies where the little trail of fire and smoke and then all of the sudden the whole thing.
ABEND: You can get down to a very uncomfortable situation where it's very -- it's difficult. And this airplane can actually get down to the point where there's only a very limited amount of flight controls that are effective. But it is still a flyable airplane, even without the engines running.
LEMON: Even without the engines running?
ABEND: Engines. Without them running, yes, correct. Because there is a -- we have spoken this about this before, but there is a ram air turbine that actually drops down with the failure of both engines that runs both some of the electrical and a limited amount of hydraulic system.
LEMON: But nothing is fail proof, Richard. There is always chance.
QUEST: Nothing is fail proof. No, nothing is fail proof. But I'm putting it in to perspective. Just that the nature of this aircraft there is no plane the pilots love to fly more from what I hear than the 777.
LEMON: Yeah. Marty Mitchell, thank you, guys. Always fascinating to see you. Hopefully you guys are sticking around with us for this press conference. We'll be here until at least 1:30 in the morning. Don't see any nodding heads. Thank you, guys. Appreciate it. Coming up here, details on today's search plans for a Flight 370. And again, we're awaiting press conference. 30 minutes time at the top of the hour right here on CNN.
LEMON: Welcome back, everyone. Within the hour, a fresh update from Perth, Australia as the joint task force, it set to hold an unscheduled news conference. Also, new leads surfaced today in the search for Flight 370. A senior Malaysian government source says the aircraft may have deliberately skirted Indonesian airspace in an effort to avoid Indonesian radar.
Meantime, good weather is expected in the search area. Nine military planes are helping in the search, along with three civil aircraft and 14 ships. The race is on to find the pings coming from the black boxes before the batteries fail. Three reports of possible audio contact have been reported. Still no confirmation that they are connected to Flight 370.
I want to bring back my panel. Michael Kay, Richard Quest, Les Abend, Paul Ginsberg, Mary Schiavo and Colleen Keller. So here is our first question we were going to ask. First question is from about the pingers. Judy says each ping seems closer to Australia, right. Do you think something would wash up on shore from MH 370? Thoughts? Richard, you're at a loss for words.
QUEST: I'm not - I mean we have so many excellent experts from everything from pilots, weather, radar.
LEMON: All right. Investigator Colleen Keller, yes, what do you think?
COLLEEN KELLER, SENIOR ANALYST METRON INC.: Oh, I get it. Great.
KELLER: I think that that depends on the currents, Don. So, you know, if the currents are moving in the direction of land, then eventually you would see things washing up. And I think the currents are generally moving in that area. But it's still going to take some time. So if you've got a lot of time, you might start doing some beach combing.
LEMON: So, yeah, but we're talking about that. But I mean think about it. When you said close to Australia, how many -- what is it, like 1200 miles, 1300 miles or so off the coast of Australia?
QUEST: Yeah. 11 or 12. They are about 1100, 1200 miles at the moment.
LEMON: Yeah, so that would take a while to wash up. Here is something from Tamara says OK, so if we found more than one potential ping, how long will it take, roll the prompter up, please. How long will it take to get a side sonar in the water? Do we know?
QUEST: I defer to Paul. PAUL GINSBERG, FORENSIC AUDIO EXPERT: Well, yeah.
QUEST: Mary Schiavo? Mary Schiavo, please answer that question.
MARY SCHIAVO, AVIATION ANALYST: Well, I don't know how long it's going to take in the water because presumably, it's on the echo. But I do know how long it's going take to get down because it takes an hour for every -- how many -- it's going to take 11 hours just to get the thing down to where it can scan the ocean floor. So once it gets there and they get it in the water, it's going take a day to get it down at the floor.
QUEST: And it's all depends, on which of the assets. Which of the assets has got it. So we know echo is now on-site.
QUEST: And can deploy that which it's got. But if they have to wait for Ocean Shield, Ocean Shield is still doing its own business 300 miles away. So if they declare that this is, you know, a valid thing and they want to get something down into the water, it will all depend on whether or not echo has it on board.
LEMON: Right. And again, I want to tell our viewers, we are waiting for a news briefing at the top of the hour, just about 20 minutes or so. We're expecting Angus Houston, the man who is heading the search for this missing Flight 370 said a short time ago, just about 11:00 Eastern time, excuse me, about 10:00 Eastern time that he is going to hold the press briefing at 12:00 Eastern time here in the United States. To update us on the search.
We understood, we heard from him last evening at midnight. It was midnight that he came on, right? We heard from him last evening saying that, you know, that the echo had heard something, that the ocean shield possibly had heard something. All right, there were three different events, one by a Chinese ship and one by the Australian ship. And that they were possibly going to move the Australian ship in the vicinity where the Chinese ship had heard the ping earlier.
So the information we have now is that. And you said they also had -- (INAUDIBLE) some of the satellite coordinates in order to update the search area, to hone in on the specific search area. So now we're hearing, we're going to hear from him again, again, not exactly sure what he is going to say. But believe it or not, the plane crashes equal future safety and security in improvements. And when that happens, I guess it does. Because everyone looks at what they can improve. Next we're going to show you how not finding 370 could impact future flights.
LEMON: It has been a month since Flight 370 disappeared. There is still no concrete evidence of where it is or what happened in its final moments. Now some people are wondering if the plane will ever be found. Rene Marsh shows us how that scenario could impact not just this case, but the future of aviation.
RENE MARSH, CNN CORRESPONDENT: As searchers race to find any wreckage of Flight 370, the cost of not finding the plane could impact the safety of future flights. Accidents equal safety and security improvements. In 1983, a fire broke out in a lavatory on Air Canada Flight 797. The plane landed, but 23 people on board died. After that, smoke detectors and automatic fire extinguishers were mandated in aircraft lavatories. In 1996, hazardous cargo on ValuJet Flight 592 caught fire.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: What kind of problem are you having?
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Smoke in the cabin! Smoke in the cabin.
MARSH: The plane crashed in the Florida Everglades. 110 people died. It led to new cargo hold safety rules. But not finding Flight 370 or its data recorders could be a missed opportunity for change.
JEFF PRICE, AVIATION SAFETY EXPERT: Whatever brought down that flight, whether it was fire, hijack, pilot suicide, explosive decompression, (INAUDIBLE), whatever. It's important to find that out so that we can fix it so it doesn't happen again.
MARSH: And it's security too. The September 11TH hijackings led to strengthened cockpit doors. The shoe bomber led to shoe checks.
PRICE: Unfortunately, we've had a history of sort of graveyard policy making. You wait until enough people die and then you make a change.
MARSH: With so few crashes in recent years, the FAA is more proactive in finding problems that could cause crashes before they happen. Now with Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, there could be lessons to be learned, but only if they find out what went wrong.
One example of why finding hard evidence about what went wrong is so important, in the words of a former NTSB investigator, if there was a problem with the plane, it could be fleet wide. And if that's the case and no one knows about it, he said guess what? They'll know about it the next time it happens. And that's not good at all. Of course, the same is true of unidentified security issues. Rene Marsh, CNN, Washington.
LEMON: Rene, thank you very much. My panel is back now. Les, you flied 777. How important do you think is only to find this missing passenger jet to determine exactly what went wrong and how to improve? How important is that?
LES ABEND, AVIATION ANALYST: It's extremely important. The public has lost confidence. And they don't know what to lose confidence in, actually. Is it the airplane? We've been talking about how well designed it is. But, you know, the public is saying, hey, we're going to get on an airplane. And we could be lost in the middle of nowhere. So it's very important to find this.
LEMON: So we talked about the shoe bomber. We have to remove our shoes at the airports now. We're talking about reinforced cockpit doors after 9/11. What is the next change, Richard?
QUEST: The next change is not some blanket you can't do this, you can't do that. It's smart security. It's know your passenger. Very much what they're doing here in the United States with the TSA, pre- check. Know who is -- know who the passenger is and who you need to be concerned about. And that's not profiling per se, but it is ensuring that you don't worry about certain people so that you can focus your attention on other people. It's very difficult to do. But it's the allow theory, basically. It means you don't waste time searching 75-year-old grandmothers.
LEMON: Well, Mary, what about also that the information that is important to figure out what happened and how to improve the next one from happening doesn't end up in a debris field?
SCHIAVO: Well, that's very important. In fact, you know, the importance of accidents to regulation in the United States, we used to call -- sort of still do. But we call the FAA, the Federal Aviation Administration, the tombstone agency. And we call them that because we said they regulated it by counting tombstones. And that's not just being flippant because in fact they have to do a cost benefit analysis before they put forth any regulation.
And the cost of the regulation must not exceed the value of the lives lost. Because if the value of the lives exceeds the cost of the regulation, then they'll go ahead with it. But if the regulation is too expensive, then they won't. And so if -- the secret of what caused the crash is lost with the plane, they'll never be able to do that valuation. And they'll say well, we have no indication of how much this loss of life would cost versus the regulation. And that's really how we regulate. We actually have to evaluate the loss of life versus the cost of the regulation. And that's actually a federal reg.
LEMON: Yeah. How long do you think before we start seeing some information that is where you can just pull it out of the computer instead of going to the bottom of the ocean with multimillion-dollar searches to find?
GINSBERG: As soon as possible. Absolutely. That has to be the next technical focus that is to get that information off that airliner and up into the sky and where it needs to be in a safe place. And I'd also like to expand on what Richard said as far as added security. And I would say that has to include also the crew and anybody who has access to the plane in addition to the passengers.
GINSBERG: Of course. LEMON: Colleen?
KELLER: Yeah, I mean, it's obviously going to come down to bandwidths and how much it costs to get this information over the satellites. And I understand that the airlines are resistant to paying that due to the cost benefit analysis that Mary was talking about. I'm not surprised.
LEMON: Yeah. What is that noise? Do we have any idea? What is that that we're hearing? No idea?
QUEST: One of the things that the pilots have always said, whenever security is raised about pilots and they're being searched and all these things, the pilots have always said, well, hang on, what is the point? We're about to get behind the wheel of this thing. If we want to do anything, we can do it ourselves without any problems. So if the pilots are in any shape or form involved in any incident, not -- any incident, because they're the once driving the bus.
QUEST: Inevitably, it's more difficult to deal with a security question that relates to those that are members of the flight crew.
MICHAEL KAY, AVIATION ANALYST: Yeah, you don't have to have a board of inquiry conclusion to start the lessons learned or lessons identified register. There will be a register that is already up and running where people will be learning from this whole experience. You don't have to have found the jet and understand why and what to get to that place. And there are a myriad. I mean, Richard has been talking about security.
But there is the technological aspect. We're talking about cameras in cockpits. There is the reality of that versus will he actually achieve something. You've got the procedural aspects. Let's not forget about area radar here and the emergency protocols that should have happened once Vietnamese airspace didn't see Malaysia 370 coming into their airspace. So, who did they talk to? What are the protocols there? There is the security aspects. There is the training of the pilots. So there are a myriad of areas where people will be investigating already to see how things can be tightened.
LEMON: Yeah. And Richard brought up cameras in the cockpit, which is Les Abend really loves that subject.
ABEND: Cameras in the cockpit, my old issue is put them in there. It's not going to help our safety. It's an after the fact. It's an after the fact type situation.
QUEST: And I don't think cameras in the cockpit are going to help your investigations. Because you see- I mean - the camera in the cockpit can't see what the feet are doing on the rudders. You have to go to the FDR. And if somebody leans forward to touch a switch, we can see this when we see -- we some pictures from the 777.
LEMON: I think you put them up there and you don't tell them where they are.
GINSBERG: They used to be over the shoulder cameras.
ABEND: So you don't trust the men and women?
LEMON: No, I'm just saying you put it up there so if someone tries to disable it, you don't know where to go to disable it. So, I just think you put them it in the cockpit and you don't tell them. Listen, we are sitting in here. I know we have cameras, the TV cameras trained on us. But you can look around this room and see six or seven or eight different cameras where people are on camera every single day in their place of business on the train, on the street, regardless of where you go. And I don't think pilots should be any different.
QUEST: Have you got a camera in your office other than a Skype camera or whatever for making a call?
LEMON: I don't know. I don't know if there is a camera in the office. I have never asked CNN, my boss or security if there is a camera in my office. Because when I'm at work, I don't do things that I don't want seen by everybody else.
ABEND: But do all the cameras enhance your security and safety here?
LEMON: I would imagine they do, yes.
LEMON: So, I don't see why it would be any different for a pilot. If you in your private life, fine. But when you're in the cockpit, you're on camera.
ABEND: But we have to be able to disable the system in case it's the cause of an issue, an electrical problem, a source of smoke or fire. We have to be able to disable any system.
QUEST: No one is saying you can't. Just thought I would mention it.
LEMON: Live pictures now of the press room where they're going to hold this press conference in just a short time. Just at the top of the hour here on CNN. Again, the man in charge of this search, of this multinational search Angus Houston holding a press briefing again 12 Eastern time in the United States. It's going to be, of course, 12 noon in Perth, Australia. And we'll get everyone away on what we've been talking about just after this break. It has been a month since Flight 370 disappeared. The world has watched and waited along with the families of those on board that plane. Next we're going to take you back to Kuala Lumpur where the whole investigation began.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK) LEMON: An all-out search is on for the -- back under way right now for those black boxes from the missing Malaysian airliner. It is imperative that those recorders are found to try to determine what happened to Flight 370. Especially now that Malaysian authorities believe the plane may have intentionally taken a route to avoid radar detection. CNN's Jim Clancy live in Kuala Lumpur for us. So, Jim you have been there since day one, really, of this investigation. What do you make of the source coming out now with the information that the plane may have deliberately skirted Indonesian airspace?
JIM CLANCY, CNN CORRESPONDENT: It only confirms what was already known. It reinforces it. It's a clear fact, one of the things that because it's on radar, you know that that is what happened. So it reinforces it that way. But 30 days on, you know, in the words of one of the family members very close to a member of the crew of Flight 370, their attitude today is we have given up hope. They are not satisfied at all with the way Malaysian Airlines has handled them. They haven't been brought into the briefings like the other families have. People are frustrated after a month.
This goes down as one of the biggest mysteries in modern aviation, Don. There is no doubt about that. And it's going to be an incident that spurs change in the industry. We're going to see tracking of planes. I know you were just talking about some of this. It's also going to see governments required to use the available databases to screen out passengers for their lost or stolen passports. Don?
LEMON: You know, you've been there, again, from since the very beginning. How are people there reacting a month later? Still very little answers, Jim. But also, you know, a few possibilities here and there. I'm not sure if it's enough to encourage them.
CLANCY: Well, we have no shortage of possibilities. We have no shortage of theories and conspiracies. What we don't have are the hard facts that it's going to take to unravel. What did really happen inside the cockpit? Was there one incident? Were there multiple incidents? What happened to this plane? Why did it veer so far off course? Why did it skirt the territories where it might have caused an alarm? Why did it go to - on a pointless route towards Antarctica in a very deep part of the southern Indian Ocean? These are the unanswered questions. And the search right now and this upcoming press conference are very important to unraveling that mystery. Don?
LEMON: Yeah, it certainly is. Jim Clancy. Thank you, Jim, has been, again, in Kuala Lumpur since the very beginning, covering this story and watching the families from the very beginning. Just really, a roller coaster of emotions for them.
One day, they think they have some answers and next, they don't have any answers. One day they are being told that everything is lost and the plane is in the ocean, but still, no evidence, no sigh of their loved ones. And they really want to come -- they really want to get some answers here and we can understand why.


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Elaine arrived in the nick of time to join us on the bus from Stranraer. The driver was anxious to be on the move as were Frances, Rachel, Audrey, Margaret, Susan, Jacqui, Mary, Linda, Leslie and John. Susan and Carol followed behind in their car. There was a hold up at traffic lights on the A75 after we had picked up Ken – a lorry had gone off the road and was on its side in a ditch. So we got to Newton Stewart 10-15 minutes after the time scheduled. Jim, Mary Sloan, Robert and Catherine joined us. Our driver dropped us off at the Roundhouse – a cafe where we ordered a dozen and a half scones to be consumed later! Waiting for us there were Douglas, Christine, Gordon, Lorna (who Douglas and Gordon walk with each week), Carl and Christine Sloan. A few of the walkers decided to have tea before we set off so, added to the fact that we were late in arriving anyway, we were a good half hour late in starting our climb up away from the cafe.
Twenty-four walkers met at the Roundhouse on Loch Doon for the walk start. Two thirds of them enjoyed a comfortable ride up in a Wigtownshire Community Transport bus. The forecast was for white cloud with occasional sunshine.
Jim decided to cut out the first of the hills we were to climb but Leslie headed off there anyway – we could see him clearly when he reached its summit.
With a resplendent Loch Doon behind, the walk started westerly with a gradual climb of Glessel Hill. From here the next target of Big Hill of Glenmount could be seen. First a scrubby patch of moorland had to be crossed. Occasional quad bike tracks assisted, but tussocks and bog slowed down progress. Eventually a drystane dyke below the hill was reached and the going became easier.
After a steady climb the trigpoint on the summit at 382 metres was reached. There were no far reaching views today, but magnificent views of the Galloway hills and surrounding lochs were enjoyed.
We eventually got to the top of the Bill Hill of Glenmount, and we thought we would see Leslie there. Unfortunately he wasn't so, after a photo call and some discussion, it was decided that Gordon would go to look for him since he knows the area well. Lorna went with him so that she could enjoy going at a quicker pace than ours!
After a short break the walk continued. A long downhill stretch, more tussocks and a steady climb via bracken-strewn slopes now brought the group to the Wee Hill of Glenmount. With occasional glimpses of the sun, a lunch break was taken.
Looking back, the Big Hill of Glenmount looked like an enormous pyramid. A picturesque drystane sheepfold enhanced the view. Following a leisurely lunch the group now made their way north over moorland to the ruins of the former farmstead of Little Shalloch.
The boggy track now accessed was once a main thoroughfare connecting the hamlets of Dalcairney and Knockdon. After following the track northeast for one kilometre, a change of direction east across the moors brought them to the small hill of Carwaur. Here another short break was taken while the sun shone.
Fields of horses were now visible as the estate of Craigengillan was in reach. Also in view was the almost completed Scottish Dark Sky Observatory. Due to open in October, it will be open to the public and school groups for day-time and night-time visits. It was here that Ken realized he had left his pole back at where we had taken our last break. Nothing could stop him from going back – a long way – and a few walkers opted to wait with Christine Sloan who was the back up. We found out later that his pole was not there and he thought that perhaps he had left it at the derelict house! Christine and company had waited half an hour for him.
After passing a small reservoir the group now entered the estate and made their way to Craigengillan House. Here the walk leader told some of the history of the founding family in 1580, the McAdams, and their descendants, who remained the proprietors until 1999. They also heard the tragic tale of one Quintin McAdam who died in 1806. They also learned of the hard work of the present owner Mark Gibson in opening up the estate and Ness Glen to the public.
A short tour of the estate including a lovely view of a picturesque thatched cottage now saw the group reach the northern end of Ness Glen. Restored to its full glory in 2004/5 this geographical delight of the Victorians followed the River Doon back to its source of Loch Doon. A Site of Special Scientific Interest, the deep gorge has a myriad of rare mosses and ferns, while the river runs over rapids, falls and fast flowing streams. Needless to say the photographers in the group had a field day.
I took so long over photographing the bubbling, cascading water that Christine's group caught up with me – the rest of the group with whom I had been walking were long gone! I moved on more quickly than the others which was just as well as there were only two scones left although one had been put aside for me anyway!
Back at the walk start, the proprietor of the Roundhouse catered admirably with tea, coffee and various scones and confectionery for the after walk refreshments. It was a contented crowd that mounted the bus back to Wigtownshire.
We enjoyed sitting outside having our tea/coffee and scones, for about 15 minutes before the driver of our bus said he was ready to go. Rachel moved forward on the bus to get a seat where she was less likely to feel sick and Susan joined us at the back. The journey took two hours each way but the return journey seemed to go quicker than my expectation! My body did not seem to be quite so shaken up either!


Set of wooden unicorn bookends.
Character limit: name - up to 15 characters.
A set of magical personalised wooden bookends for a child's rooms! Each pastel pink end has a white unicorn fixed to it, with a glittery horn and rainbow colour details, making them the perfect accessories to pop in a little one's bedroom or playroom!
The right bookend will be personalised with 'bedtime stories' in black vinyl, and the left will be personalised with your name of choice up to 15 characters including spaces and punctuation. Simply enter your personalisation into the box. For example - 'Isabella's', 'My Favourite', 'The Best'.


Seldom are nature and technology located so unexpectedly near to one another. A waterfall thunders into the depths right next to the old hydroelectric power station built in 1911, with which the Norsk Hydro company catapulted the rural parish of Rjukan into the industrial era. There is nothing to indicate that between 1942 and 1944 this location right beneath the Hardanger plateau played a central role in strategic military planning. For this is where Nazi Germany was manufacturing heavy water for its atom bomb research, something which the allies were trying to prevent by means of daring sabotage action. The dramatic episode is part of the exhibition that can be currently seen in the power station, which has now been transformed into a museum. Thanks to ten still existing Pelton turbines the power station was the largest of its type in the world when it was completed. The museum documents the huge changes that happened as a result. It is centred on the people who worked here, their everyday life and their trades union activities - and finally also to the radical change caused by the closure of the works in 1971.
On 27th February 1943 Norwegian resistance fighters blew up the heavy water plant at the Norsk-Hydro Works near Rjukan. This act of sabotage hit the only industrial plant under German control that was capable of producing heavy water (deuterium oxide, D2O) in significant quantities. The team of German atomic physicists around Otto Hahn needed this water in order to drive an experimental reactor for making plutonium for military use. The allies were committed to prevent this. Suddenly Rjukan was a place where the world held its breath. That it all came to this was due to a Norwegian engineer and entrepreneur by the name of Sam Eyde. Between 1907 and 1911 he had a powerful hydroelectric power station constructed by his company, Norsk Hydro, in Vemork near Rjukan. At the heart of the power station was an engine house, initially equipped with ten 14,500 horsepower turbines built by the German engineering company Voith in Heidenheim and the Zürich firm A/G Escher Wyss. The main building, built in concrete with a granite facade, was constructed from designs by Olaf Nordhagen. In its early years the hydroelectric station served as a source of power for making saltpetre. From 1929 onwards it helped to generate hydrogen gas by electrolysis - a process which creates heavy water as a by-product. Up until then the region had been entirely rural but now it was thrown abruptly into the industrial era. The model town of Rjukan sprang up from the earth, bringing with it a comparatively high standard of living. Electricity arrived and educational facilities were improved. Trades Unions gained a foothold. New technologies for generating hydrogen gas led to the closure of the Norsk-Hydro-Works in 1971, with a loss of around 1,500 jobs. One of the ways in which the region tried to give the local inhabitants new opportunities was to redevelop the power station into a museum of work. This was opened in 1988.


thoughts on how things went.
Q: Your thoughts on the first practice?
Q: Adrian Peterson appeared to look pretty good today?
he had a year ago. He looks great and he's worked hard.
Q: Does that eliminate his chances to win the starting job?
Stoops: It's not the best thing, no. It's not the most positive. It's not something that can't be overcome with some extra work. We'll give him all those opportunities the best he can.
Q: Is this the most positions you've had to fill at the start of the season since your first year in Norman?
anything new. This is what we're supposed to do. A lot of these guys are guys who have been waiting for their chance, they've been up and coming and they've been prepared for their opportunities.
Q: What did you think of some of the newcomers?
Stoops: They look awesome. The freshman and first year guys look good.
Allen Patrick looked good, Brandon Keith, those guys have a lot of potential. We're really excited about this incoming class. It really looks to be a class that is everything they were billed to be.
Q: Are you running any freshman with the first group of players yet?
Stoops: Nobody just yet. But a lot of them look like they have the potential. We're going to give them all an opportunity in due time.
Q: Reggie Smith is playing cornerback?
Q: It appeared Malcolm Kelly had a pretty good day?
top-rated receivers coming out of high school. He's a guy we'll definitely look at to go right away. And we'll get him ready to do that.
The Sooners will be back at it again Friday at 5:30 p.m. But they will spend the better part of the morning attending photo day with the media and then meeting fans at OU's annual Fan Appreciation event, scheduled to begin at 10:30 a.m. at Memorial Stadium.
Sooner Spectator will be on hand at the Fan Appreciation event, selling copies of our 2005 Football Preview Issue - perfect for getting autographed by your favorite Sooners.


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Psaki offers White House's condolences after Haiti president and first lady assassinated
White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki has offered the Biden administration's condolences to Haiti after President Jovenel Moise and First Lady Martine Moise were assassinated in their home on Wednesday.
In a Wednesday interview with CNN, Psaki called the assassination a "tragic tragedy" and a "horrific crime," and declared that the White House is "sorry for the loss that they are all suffering and going through."
Psaki also added that the US was ready and available "to provide any assistance that's needed," and revealed during a separate interview with MSNBC that President Joe Biden would be fully briefed on the incident later in the day.
President Moise was pronounced dead at the scene while his wife was taken to the hospital with gunshot wounds. She was also later pronounced dead.
The president and first lady were reportedly attacked at around 1am on Wednesday by "a group of unidentified individuals, some of whom spoke in Spanish." Haitian news outlet Le Louverture went on to identify one of the assassins as Colombian, however this is currently unconfirmed.
Haiti's Prime Minister Claude Joseph condemned the "odious, inhuman and barbaric act" in a statement, and called on Haitians to be calm, claiming that measures were being taken "to guarantee the continuity of the state and protect the nation" and that "democracy and the Republic will win."
Neighbor the Dominican Republic has allegedly responded to Moise's assassination by ordering the closure of its borders with Haiti and ramping up surveillance.
Haitian President Jovenel Moise assassinated at home during the night, wife injured by gunshot – PM
'Lynching 2.0': 11 people get jail time for sending online death threats to French teenager who criticized Islam on Instagram
Indonesian minister wants Fortnite banned over alleged in-game desecration of Islamic holy site


Grandview Inspections is a fully licensed, fully insured provider of home inspections serving clients in Allegheny, Cambria, Fayette, Greene, Washington, and Westmoreland counties.
Owner and inspector David Dowling has more than 35 years of experience in the construction industry managing projects from home remodels to multimillion-dollar hi-tech facilities. The same diverse background and attention to detail that it takes to oversee large hi-tech projects is what is needed to be a successful home inspector. Because of David's experiences he has been called upon to investigate and provide testimony during arbitrations and in court cases involving faulty construction practices.
David believes that his talent and knowledge in the building industry is a gift from God and that he is called upon to share them with others so he has participated in mission trips and organizations that rebuild and improve homes and lives for the less fortunate. David has been a volunteer and/or member of the board for Habitat for Humanity, Group Workcamps, Uniontown Volunteer Fire Department, The Salvation Army, St. Joseph's Church, Boy Scouts of America, Uniontown School Authority, Fayette Chamber of Commerce, and Rotary.
David has a degree in Architectural Engineering and is a certified home Inspector through interNACHI. In addition to his general certification David is certified to perform Radon, Mold, Septic and other ancillary inspections. David is continuously expanding his certifications and education. David is fully insured and looking forward to assisting you in what may be the most important purchase of your life.
Owner and inspector David Dowling has more than 35 years of experience in the construction industry managing projects from home remodels to multimillion-dollar hi-tech facilities.
© 2015 Grandview Inspections / Grandview Company.
Web Design by Coordinated 360.


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Roe Family Singers
The Roe Family Singers are made for the Grand Oak Opry space, but in many ways they helped to make the space what it is with their two concerts as we got the series going in 2015 and 2016.
We can't wait to have them close out our 2019 season with a special September concert at 6:30 pm!
BIOGRAPHY: Pinecastle Records recording artists the Roe Family Singers are a Good-Time, Old-Time Hillbilly band from the tiny community of Kirkwood Hollow, MN. Led by wife & husband Kim Roe (Best Female Vocalist, City Pages/Village Voice) and Quillan Roe, the band marries old-time sounds from barn-dances, fiddle pulls, and county fairs with the rock & roll passion of youth.
Featuring banjo, Autoharp, guitar, and Appalachian clogging, the band and family of fans have been regularly filling Minneapolis' 331 Club every Monday night since 2005.
They've shared the stage with Doc Watson, Ralph Stanley, Mike Seeger, Del McCoury, Jesse McReynolds, the Grascals, Jim Kweskin & Geoff Muldaur, Junior Brown, Asleep at the Wheel, and John McEuen & John Carter Cash. In 2011 the band was awarded the prestigious McKnight Fellowship for Performing Musicians; they won the title of "World's Best Jug Band" twice, in 2010 & 2012 at the annual Battle of the Jug Bands; in 2012, won the Minnesota Duet Contest at the MN State Fair; in 2016 won the title of Entertainers of the Year from BMAI; in 2017, Kim won the clogging competition at the Old-Time Music & Ozark Heritage Festival, held in West Plains, MO; and, in 2018, won both Entertainers of the Year and Album of the Year from BMAI.
The Roe Family Singers mix original music and contemporary takes on old-time, traditional, and gospel tunes into one roiling & rollicking river of fresh yet familiar American music. Every performance raises a ruckus.
Check out their Lowertown Line performance:
TICKETS & LOGISTICS: There are no tickets. For all shows we request a $10 donation/adult, with 100% of the proceeds going to the artist. Seating is first come first served, with gate open at 6:30. We ask that you bring your own chair/blanket, and anything that you like to eat or drink. (Adult beverages allowed.) We provide an onsite bathroom in our house. No animals allowed.
www.roefamilysingers.com
https://www.facebook.com/roefamilysingers/
Instagram: @roefamilysingers


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Home Knowledge Base Aidan O'Brien successfully resists an appeal following dismissal of a credit hire claim, on the basis of fraudulent misrepresentation – Kadir v Thompson, 25 August 2016, Central London County Court, HHJ Luba QC
Aidan O'Brien successfully resists an appeal following dismissal of a credit hire claim, on the basis of fraudulent misrepresentation – Kadir v Thompson, 25 August 2016, Central London County Court, HHJ Luba QC
Aidan O'Brien was recently instructed by the Defendant and subsequent Respondent to an appeal, in a claim relating to credit hire charges in the sum of £21,653.
At first instance, Aidan successfully argued that the Accident Exchange credit hire agreement was voidable on the basis of fraudulent misrepresentation and that the Claimant had elected to void the same during the hearing. It followed that the entirety of the credit hire charges were found to be unenforceable against the Defendant.
During cross-examination of the Claimant, Aidan elicited evidence that demonstrated that prior to signing the credit hire agreement, employees of Accident Exchange had misled the Claimant into believing that he would have no personal liability for the hire charges, under any circumstances. The Claimant further confirmed that he relied upon those assurances and would not have signed the hire agreement if he had known the true position. The Claimant made clear that he did not consider himself bound by the hire agreement.
Aidan submitted that such assurances amounted to fraudulent misrepresentations, given that Accident Exchange's employees had (at a minimum) been reckless as to the truth of the same. The hire agreement was therefore voidable at the Claimant's election. Aidan further argued that the effect of the Claimant's evidence was that he had chosen to void the agreement and therefore the charges were not enforceable against the Defendant.
Counsel for the Claimant attempted to argue that an 'entire agreement clause', within the terms & conditions of the hire agreement, stipulating that the Claimant could not rely upon any representations made by Accident Exchange, precluded the Defendant from establishing voidability on the basis of misrepresentation. Following argument, the District Judge accepted Aidan's contention that the entire agreement clause had no effect by dint of the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999.
The District Judge concluded that:
'… I find that there was a fraudulent misrepresentation which induced the claimant to enter into the contract. The contract is therefore voidable at the claimant's election. The first the claimant knew of his liability to Accident Exchange was at the hearing today. The claimant made it very clear to the court that he does not accept any personal liability for the charges of Accident Exchange because he was assured by them that he would not have to pay those charges. I find that the claim is voidable due to the misrepresentation and the claimant will seek to void the contract to avoid any contractual liability to Accident Exchange. Accident Exchange cannot, therefore, recover the costs of the two hire agreements from the defendant as Accident Exchange will not succeed in enforcing the contracts as against the claimant due to misrepresentations.'
The Appeal before HHJ Luba QC
In April 2016, HHJ Baucher QC gave the Claimant permission to appeal the District Judge's decision. On 25 August 2016, the appeal came before HHJ Luba QC, sitting at the Central London County Court.
The Claimant sought to appeal on a number of grounds, including the District Judge's determination as to the enforceability of the credit hire agreement.
The Claimant argued that the District Judge's decision was wrong given that the Defendant had failed to (a) explicitly plead misrepresentation, and (b) that any such misrepresentation (which was denied) would only leave the contract voidable (at the election of the Claimant) and not void as the learned Judge found.
Following submissions, HHJ Luba QC determined that the failure to explicitly plead 'misrepresentation' was '… a thoroughly bad point' given that the general 'enforceability' of the hire agreement had been raised within the Defence. The term 'enforceability' was therefore wide enough to permit enquiry via cross-examination as to whether misrepresentations had been made.
Counsel for the Claimant further argued that the District Judge was wrong to find that the contract had in fact been avoided during the hearing below given her observation that the Claimant 'will seek to void' the agreement (i.e. in the future). HHJ Luba noted that the District Judge's comments needed to be read in conjunction with the earlier comment that '…the claimant made it very clear to the court that he does not accept any personal liability for the charges…' and determined that the learned Judge had found that the Claimant was treating the agreement as void (i.e. he had avoided it).
The legal principles underpinning misrepresentation are trite:
The burden of establishing that a misrepresentation has been made rests on the party asserting it.
Pre-contractual statements made during negotiations leading up to a contract may qualify as 'representations.'
Such representations may be statements of fact or law.
A misrepresentation is a false statement of fact or law.
A misrepresentation becomes actionable if it is an unambiguous and false statement of fact or law addressed to a party who is misled by it and is a material representation, which induces the contract and causes loss.
The consequence of an actionable misrepresentation is to make a contract voidable rather than to render it void.
A 'fraudulent misrepresentation' arises where it is shown that a false representation has been made (1) knowingly, or (2) without belief in its truth, or (3) recklessly, careless whether it be true or false. The motive of the person guilty of the misrepresentation is immaterial.
HHJ Luba's decision provides a salutary warning to Claimants and credit hire organizations that the oft-pleaded issue of 'enforceability' is wide enough to encompass consideration of whether misrepresentations have rendered a credit hire agreement voidable. In such circumstances, if a Claimant then confirms that they do not consider themselves to be bound by the charges imposed under the agreement the totality of those charges may be found to be unenforceable.
Aidan O'Brien is a member of the Farrar's Building Credit Hire Team and accepts instructions from both Claimants and Defendants. Aidan frequently delivers training, seminars and workshops upon request. Any such request should be made to the Farrar's Building Clerking Team.
The judgment of Kadir v Thompson can be found on:
Lawtel
https://www.lawtel.com/UK/Searches/3942/AC0154473
https://login.westlaw.co.uk/maf/wluk/app/document?&srguid=i0ad832f10000015d1745dc4fb6869c22&docguid=I53A6A32030AB11E78222D9B52999FA70&hitguid=I53A6A32030AB11E78222D9B52999FA70&rank=1&spos=1&epos=1&td=1&crumb-action=append&context=15&resolvein=true
Author: Aidan O'Brien Farrars (chambers@farrarsbuilding.co.uk)


When you are a guest at Dreams SA Forest Adventures will give you 10% discount on rafting, tubing, sand boarding, whale watching and shark cage diving or other activities they offer!
Rafting and tubing offer endless enjoyment, as you cascade down the mountainside. The different drops and tumbling mini falls . The rafting / tubing unfold on numerous rivers, which snakes along small boulders and vegitation, providing the ideal ambience for this activity.
Boats departs daily, from our private floating jetty in Hermanus. Our memorable whale-watching trips are informative and educational.
Shark diving with SA Forest Adventures can provide you with a unique opportunity to witness the wonder of the Great White Shark in a safe and professional environment.
White Shark Projects is a renowned global research organisation which, founded in 1989, is totally dedicated to the conservation of these magnificent ocean predators.
We'll take you on an adrenalin-surging adventure experience in the heart of the world's Great White Shark mecca that will leave you in awe of these gliding torpedoes of power. You will also come away knowing a lot more about sharks and what we do to aid their conservation.
The Palmiet River tumbles through the Fynbos covered mountains of the Kogelberg Nature Reserve. This pristine natural environment forms the backdrop to our Palmiet River Experience. A friendly stram during the summer months, winter rainfall turns the river into an exciting white water adventure.
At medium and high water levels we offer thrilling white water rafting in two-person inflatable 'crocodiles' or four person rafts and at low levels we offer trips on inflatable 'gekos'. This innovative inflatable craft has been specially developed for the Palmiet. If used in a reclining position, it provides a comfortable way to drift lazily along the pools and channels of the river and if used facing forward, an exciting way of tackling the small rapids.
The Palmiet River Experience is suitable for all ages and skill levels - we provide qualified and registered guides with an intimate knowledge of the river and its environment and instruction on how to steer your craft. And since all of the rapids are optional, the trip is even suitable for those who prefer a more relaxed excursion.
We also offer a choice of two lengths of trip – the longer full day section and the shorter half day section. All tubing trips are done on the half day section as they take longer than rafting trips. All boating and safety equipment is provided including PFDs ('lifejackets'), gloves, paddle jackets and helmets. Wetsuits and booties are available. Since this excursion takes place in a sensitive natural environment, group size is limited to 20 people per group day. The trip price includes permits, all equipment, snacks, transport and APA qualified guides.
We have a base camp in the heart of the valley and offer rustic camping accommodation and basic meeting facilities. We also offer a two-day trip on this section. The trip finishes after lunch on the second day and includes all meals and accommodation. The normal day trip can also be combined with a half-day hike or abseil to make up a full weekend of adventure.


The aim of this study is to determinate whether Mexican seaports operating more efficient are those attracting higher levels of cargo traffic in terms of total throughput. This paper use DEA(Data Enveloped Analysis) which is non-parametric approach commonly used for assessing relatively efficiency on seaports. The model estimates the relatively technical efficiency among principal container ports in Mexico. The study takes into account three inputs (berth length, storage area and number of Cranes) and two outputs (containers throughput and general cargo throughput) for calculating technical efficiency using DEA output oriented in two variants CCR model and BCC model. In addition, the study provides an overview of the port system in Mexico, the Mexican port reform of 1993, the process of containerization and hinterland connectivity.


The Craftsman's Bench name has become synonymous with fine quality and meticulous craftmanship. It is from this heritage that Craftsman's Bench presents the Trident Triangle Ashtray. This ashtray is beautifully done in fine quality ceramic. Holds 3 cigars.


Herbert Murray Funeral Directors Ltd.
Local Funeral Directors providing services to Trafford, including Sale, Ashton upon Mersey, Partington, Timperley, Altrincham, Urmston, Stretford, Sale Moor and surrounding areas.
I would want Steph and Robbie to arrange my funeral.... it's in my will 🌹All my family and my love, can't thank these two ladies and their team enough. If you want love, care, attention, time, dignity and empathy, not just for the grieving family but , for your beloved passed one..... look no further.... They are truly the dream team in funerals ... care and consideration are their driving force. Don't hesitate!!!!
From out first contact, Steph and Robbie made us feel welcome and at ease. Their kind and thoughtful attention to every detail at this difficult time has made the whole process of arranging the funeral for our dad Stan more bearable. I would have no hesitation in recommending Herbert Murray to anyone else looking for the best possible care for their loved ones. Thank you both.
You could not ask for a more caring company to cater for the needs of your loved one and yourself at such a sad time. Robbie and Steph will ensure that your wishes and those of the deceased are carried out with care and compassion.
I could not recommend Robbie and the team enough. They were amazing for me, my family and friends in what was an extremely difficult time and I'm extremely grateful. Nothing was too much of a problem and they did anything we asked within their power and Robbie kept a great level of communication throughout. Also looking after our loved one in a nice environment, taking flowers which arrived days after the service as well as supporting us all throughout the day. I'm really glad we used Herbert Murray and I'd highly recommend them to anybody in the Trafford area.
I would highly recommend using this company. Steph was calm, reassuring and knowledgeable. She guided us through a difficult experience and our family felt safe in her hands. We felt reassured our late dad was very well looked after under her and Robbies care. She made us feel like she knew him in life, even though she didn't. Her recommendation to use Reverend Richard was spot on - he was fantastic and again his professionalism and warmth made the service so unique - our dad would have loved it !
I had to arrange a long distance funeral for my mother, I was recommended Steph and Robbie because they have a reputation for providing a very personalised service and I was not disappointed. They went out of their way to guide and support me through the process, even though we didn't actually meet until the day before the funeral. The funeral was beautiful, Steph and Robbie provided numerous personal touches which were very much appreciated. I highly recommend them.
It's always an honour and a privilege to work with these ladies, because Robbie and Steph are the best in the business. The attention to detail, genuine care and compassion for all families and dignity with which they conduct all the funerals they look after is second to none. Whatever your situation, whoever you are, Herbert Murray Funeral Directors will treat you and your loved one with absolute respect, and make sure the funeral is carried out in accordance with your wishes. The funeral home itself is beautiful, and creates a calm, pleasant environment to talk through the arrangements. I would highly recommend their services without hesitation.
Absolutely amazing. They provided us with a personal service and were truly dedicated at looking after our loved one Elizabeth and making sure the whole family were looked after before during and after the service. Both Steph Robyn are truly amazing. Couldn't recommend enough.
I have worked with and for many Funeral Directors over the years and am proud to rate the team at Herbert Murray as among the most dedicated, professional and compassionate that I have ever met. Their manner is so approachable and personal and yet they are utterly meticulous and efficient in every way. I cannot recommend Robbie and Stephanie highly enough. They will look after your loved one as if he or she were their own family.
Caring compassionate & considerate are how I would describe the staff at Herbertmurray. They deal with enquiries in a kind and sensitive manner. The only ones to trust with your loved ones last journey.
I would recommend Herbert Murray Funeral Directors. Professional, caring and compassionate, the staff are so warm and considerate. Talked through all options nothing is to much trouble.


Jonathan Cogen received his MD and MPH from George Washington University in 2011. He completed his pediatrics residency at Lurie Children's Hospital in Chicago and pediatric pulmonary fellowship at Seattle Children's Hospital. As a pulmonary fellow, he won the 2015 Safeway Outstanding CF Junior Clinical Researcher Award which is given to a deserving clinical fellow working in the area of cystic fibrosis. Dr. Cogen is currently an Acting Assistant Professor at Seattle Children's Hospital and splits his time between clinical and research duties. His primary research focuses on antimicrobial use in cystic fibrosis and the use of large datasets to answer questions related to CF epidemiology. In 2018, Dr. Cogen helped successfully link the US CF National Patient Registry with the Pediatric Health Information System administrative database, a dataset that includes inpatient clinical and resource utilization data from 49 US children's hospital. This linked dataset will help address important questions related to CF inpatient treatment and management. He additionally serves as a member of the CF quality improvement group at his home institution.