Crypto mining started back in 2009, with CPUs of your standard computer being used to hash, but as is the case with any new market, things moved particularly quickly in the mining sector, with the. There is still so much more to explain about the system, but at least now you have an idea of the broad outline of the genius of the programming and the concept. There is a lot at risk when you mine for cryptocoins. Even if you do get yourself a rig set up and find a currency with a bit of a profit margin, you're still putting yourself at the whims of the cryptocurrency markets — mining can start or stop. But bitcoin isn't physical, so why do we call it mining. Next Steps. With cloud mining contracts, getting started in mining crypto is pretty easy. If you want to build your own rig there is a lot more work to it, but I feel it can be more rewarding in the long run. There are three ways to mine coins – CPU mining, GPU mining, and ASIC mining. Hello and welcome to this guide to the best coin to mine. Mining may fetch you healthy rewards and also you could start your own Mining Pool, where you can seek investments from your friends/relatives and put it into mining to multiply your reward.Mining is a long term investment and can pay of quite well only if you do it right, but first you need to look at some of the things you should consider before starting to mine as it is a very technical. Because it's similar to gold mining in that. AS THE bitcoin price continues to fall, sceptics have started to wonder what will happen to the industry underpinning this digital "crypto-currency". First things first, I must point out that cryptocurrency mining is a huge topic and to understand it fully would take a …. All you need to do from here is to go to the mining part of the wallet, enter the values you want to have and press the "start mining" button. They get all the money from putting your hardware to work. When you think of a cryptocurrency mining rig, it's easy to associate it with large rigs featuring multiple GPUs in some type of air-cooled room. You'd have to get a fast mining rig or, more realistically, join a mining pool--a group of miners who combine their computing power and split the mined bitcoin. The system will then begin to "mine" for coins and depending on your system you will see some results within a couple of days. If you think on this, you can see there is a bit of a feedback loop (more miners try to mine as the price goes up, so mining costs more, but yet we want to justify the price by the cost of mining).
When you hear about bitcoin "mining," you envisage coins being dug out of the ground. The innovation of cryptocurrency is to achieve agreement on what the history is without a central server or authority. ASICs, as I've already explained, are specialized machines built specifically for the task. We also show you how to connect to a mining pool, how to choose ethereum and bitcoin mining equipment and how to choose. Individual blocks added by miners should. From the basics of how Bitcoin and Crypto Mining Works to really technical subjects like what a Merkle Tree is. The first thing to do once you've created an account and clicked the e-mail verification link is to point the mining pool at your wallet so that it can pay you for your contributions to the pool. Cryptocurrency mining includes two functions, namely: adding transactions to the blockchain (securing and verifying) and also releasing new currency. It is a decentralized shared ledger of each and every transaction that ever takes place on the network. Mining cryptocurrency is the act of computing a specific value that will complete a block in the blockchain in order to receive a cryptocurrency reward. By the time you've finished reading this guide, you'll know what Dogecoin mining is and how to do it. Cryptocurrency mining is painstaking, expensive, and only sporadically rewarding. Entries are the representation of cryptocurrency.
How Exactly Do You Get Rich From Cryptocurrency?
If your objective is to make a few digital bucks and spend them somehow, then you just might have a slow way to do that with mining. Smart miners need to keep electricity costs to under $0.11 per kilowatt-hour; mining with 4 GPU video cards can net you around $8.00 to $10.00 per day (depending upon the cryptocurrency you choose), or around $250-$300 per month. Mining programs tap into your computer's hardware resources and put them to work mining Bitcoin, Litecoin, or another type of cryptocurrency. And no, even if your hardware is used to generate money for them, you don't get any of it. You need to integrate it with a mining software to help you mine your digital currency. EasyMiner has a very user friendly graphical user interface (GUI) and can be used by almost everyone with little to no technical knowledge. Find out here for Bitcoin mining explained. Leave your questions in the comments. Cloud mining is the practice of renting mining hardware (or a portion of their hashing power) and having someone else do the mining for you. You are typically 'paid' for your investment with. That is a consideration, but I think mining is none-the-less a good place to look for a current fair value. For the first time we have a. The technology of Blockchain supports virtually every cryptocurrency on the digital world. Crypto currency has taken the world by storm, quickly transforming from an underground niche to a news-headlining, digital stock market on steroids with investors begging to buy in. Bitcoin. There are a lot more to mining in general, which we have covered in the. CPU mining uses the regular processor which all computers have. GPU mining uses the graphical processing units of powerful gaming computers. Mining pools are comparable to. If you want to mine cryptocurrency nothing can stop you but please keep in mind that right now it is significantly harder to do so and your profitability will depend on many factors like cost of the rig, electricity and if you sell or hold to your tokens. Our bitcoin and cryptocurrency mining guides will help you understand how mining works in the crypto space. To do this, you would typically have accounts for all the coins you're interested in mining, and then create rules to determine which coin is best at any given time. If you're interested in getting hold of some of the newest cryptocurrency tokens but don't want to devote the time and resources to building a mining rig, your next best option is to buy those. Nonetheless, mining has a magnetic draw for many investors interested in cryptocurrency. Rewards can certainly be big in the long-run, but it's a good idea to think of cryptocurrency mining as investing in the stock market before 1929, when the government did not insure banks and investors lost millions of dollars. The colony's Miners slave away all day to mine the Crypto Crystals which end up in your wallet in form of ETH, ETC or any other minable currency that you have chosen to mine. Each miner at beginning of the game is equal to 100kh/s but you can upgrade them to get evan more mining power out of single unit. The Building Engineer oversees their work and fortifies existing buildings. You'll know what hardware and what software you need to get started. You'll also know whether or not Dogecoin mining is for you! Mining is something of anathema in the crypto community: it is widely known about but what exactly it is, is a different story. This article hopes to give as comprehensive a run-down of what mining is for reference in the future. Cryptocurrencies are generated by the network in most cases to incentivize the peers, also known as nodes and miners, to work to secure the network and check entries. X gets Y's public Bitcoin address from Y's website, although both parties remain anonymous to each other.


text:
Q: Java - Slicing a string into multiple strings in one pass I am reading a table from a PDF file using PDFBox. The table is a bit complicated (some parts has more columns than others, has split boxes, etc.) so the data isn't perfectly structured. However I have managed to get the data structured enough so I can extract the important bits from it.
Due to the nature of the data, I want to split a string (representing a row of data  from all the columns) into multiple parts, representing each column. I want to do this before I get rid of the whitespace, because the format of the table must be maintained and some columns may be empty. For example :
  Monday            Tuesday         Wednesday

 Spaghetti         Salad               Apple
  Meatballs                          Sandwich
 Garlic Bread       Chicken            Cheese

You can see the data isn't perfectly aligned, and there may be whitespaces such as the second row on Tuesday that must be maintained. My plan is to hardcode slice each column (say, up to 20 characters for each column, size of each column might differ), before getting rid of the whitespace.
My question is, what is the fastest and most efficient way to slice a String into an array of Strings? I could use String.substring() but I would rather not do that for each column. Is there a way to do this all in one pass?

A: Try to use String.trim and String.split (on whitespace, for example):
String s = "  Monday            Tuesday         Wednesday  ";
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(s.trim().split("\\s+")));

Output:
[Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday]

You do this for each line. You can tell if a line is blank, because the resulting array will have size 0.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


3D Lipomed is the brand new 'medi' version of the popular 3D Lipo treatments, offering a new and improved update of this powerful technology. The medical version of the machine is available at Dr Leah clinics.
Send an email to info@drleah.co.uk if you have any questions about our 3D Lipomed.


text:
Home » Three Things Thursday: Three reasons why Arsenal will enter decline without Arsene Wenger
Three Things Thursday: Three reasons why Arsenal will enter decline without Arsene Wenger
Blog, News, Top storiesxfcediMay 3, 2018
Arsenal fans have been demanding the resignation of Arsene Wenger for a long time. Now, with the Frenchman's departure confirmed, the club looks to make the changes that will bring them back to the glory days of the early 2000's.
With important changes set to occur in terms of decision making, not to mention the lack of Wenger's vision which he has been establishing for the last 22 years, it looks likely that their Premier League rivals will lengthen the distance between themselves and the Gunners.
But this optimism is likely to be soon be cut short. Here are the five main reasons why Wenger's departure could spell the end of Arsenal as one of the Premier League's most important teams.
1The mastermind of their biggest achievements will be gone
2Financial conditions will be harsher
3Competition in the Premier League will increase
The mastermind of their biggest achievements will be gone
Sure, Arsenal had been an upward trajectory by the start of the 1990's. But the club's history overall is a spotty one, filled with periods when the team had few achievements. While the club had won top honors in England prior to Wenger's arrival, they were far from seen as a European powerhouse.
Wenger could not achieve the goal of reaching a Champions League final with Arsenal. But under his leadership, bar last season, the team was always present in the competition. Without proper guidance, the team could easily regress in terms of European presence.
"If you look at the history of the club, Arsenal had less Champions League games when I arrived than I had in my career,' Wenger said. 'It is not like Arsenal had already won the European Cup five times — they had never won the European Cup. They had played 10 games in the history of the club, so you have to take some perspective on the demands," Wenger said.
Financial conditions will be harsher
In recent years Wenger has had a strained relationship with some of the club's fans who demanded more of the team. That may well be, but an important factor in Wenger not being sacked has been due to the owners' belief in his guidance of financial matters in the club.
Under Wenger Arsenal grew. The manager was called upon to lead the club through a difficult period in which the club had to deal with the pressure of building a new stadium, the Emirates. There were significant budget changes. At the time he left, Arsenal was considered to be on of the healthiest clubs in terms of financial strength in the world.
Competition in the Premier League will increase
The narrative that Arsenal supporters like to believe is that the club has stopped winning the league as a consequence of Wenger's management abilities alone. While that may be a factor, it is important to remember that in the early 2000's Arsenal was by and large only battling Manchester United for top honors.
Since then clubs like Chelsea, Manchester City, Liverpool and Tottenham have increased in stature and they invest millions of pounds to bring the world's top players and managers to the club.
Competition has increased and it is likely to only get tougher given that the Premier League has become the most popular league in the world.
Perhaps a change needed to occur given the recent track record of Arsenal under Arsene Wenger. But ironically, his departure could spell the twilight of the club as one of the most successful in England.
Regardless of how you feel Arsenal will progress in the near future, the Premier League and European competition will be hosted through FootballCoin contests. Join for a chance to win important cryptocurrency prizes.
ArsenalArsene WengerPremier League
Ronaldo looking to have Real add third straight Champions League win
Injuries and suspensions for week 32 of Serie A
Three Things Thursday: Three times Messi has been decisive for Barcelona this season
The top fantasy picks across Europe you may have missed last week and why you should remember these names
The FootballCoin Prize Rewards Keep Going
Liverpool trample over Porto, but is this the real measure of success?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
President Bio Joins Other West African Leaders To Create a Regional Peacekeeping Force
By Ibrahim Hashim |
Sierra Leone's president, Julius Maada Bio and other leaders of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) have agreed to create a regional peacekeeping force which would intervene to help restore constitutional order in the region, which has witnessed a number of coups in the past two years.
On Friday evening, President Bio departed Sierra Leone for Nigeria's capital Abuja to attend the Sixty-Second Ordinary Session of ECOWAS Authority of Heads of State and Government slated for Sunday, 4th December 2022 in Abuja.
According to the president of the ECOWAS commission, Omar Alieu Touray, the leaders of ECOWAS have decided to recalibrate West Africa's security architecture to ensure that they take care of their own security in the region.
He added that they are determined to create a regional force which would intervene if required in the areas of security, terrorism and restore the constitutional order in member countries.
However, no specific details were given as the workings of the regional force will be set by the defence ministers of the member nations who will convene in the second half of next year, said the ECOWAS president.
This comes after at least three nations Mali, Guinea, and Burkina Faso have witnessed military coups in the last two years and have also been suspended from the ECOWAS' decision-making bodies.
The West African leaders have also said that they are observing the nations' progress on restoring constitutional order and about Mali. "It is essential that constitutional order returns within the planned time frame", said Touray.
Meanwhile, the ECOWAS said that military leadership in neighbouring Guinea should engage in dialogue with the politicians and parties in the country and work towards restoring civilian rule.
Furthermore, referring to Burkina Faso, Touray said that the leaders have expressed "serious concerns" about the ongoing humanitarian crisis following the military coup in October but also pledged support for the country.
MORE ABOUT: ECOWAS | Maada Bio
Parliament Summons Bank Governor of Sierra Leone Over State of the Economy
"I am a Big Fan" – IMF Managing Director Applauds Sierra Leone Government
3-Year-Old Boy Kidnapped in Koidu City
Education Minister Reveals Three Major Reasons Why They Asked Candidates to Register With NIN Number
Over $500,000 Withdrawn From Sierra Leone Government's Bank Account to Pay for President Bio and His Wife's Trip to New York
Mayor Yvonne Aki-Sawyerr Represents Freetown And C40Cities at COP27
Innocent Kuti – Full Package (Official Video)
Liberia (0) Vs (1) Sierra Leone | International Friendly Full Time Match Highlights
Joe Kelly – Masa Kissia (Official Video)
Kontri Boss – Monalisa
Jay Rim – Outta Control Ft. Medee T & Jakey Jake
Kao Denero – Leh Dem Talk


text:
Reslife: Dr Who Day
What is Dr Who?
Dr Who is a British science fiction television programme produced by the BBC since 1963. The tv programme portrays the adventures of a Time Lord called "the doctor", a mysterious 2000-year-old time travelling figure, who appears to be human. The Doctor explores the universe in a time-travelling spaceship called the TARDIS. With a number of companions, the Doctor combats a variety of foes while working to save civilisations and help people in need. The show is a significant part of British popular culture.
 Who is Delia Derbyshire and why is she special to Coventry?
Delia Derbyshire was born in Coventry in 1937 and grew up in the upper working-class family. She was an English musician and composer of electronic music who created the eerie Doctor Who theme music while at the BBC Radiophonic Workshop in the 60s. Her arrangement of the Doctor Who theme contributed massively to the growing public awareness and appreciation of electronic music in Britain. Sadly, at the time and during her lifetime, she was not credited for her work on the Doctor Who theme. Delia Derbyshire created a new wave of sounds and arrangements in music during the 1960s and 1970s and paved the way for women working in the music production business.
Fun fact: elements of Derbyshire's version can still be heard in Segun Akinola's arrangement of the theme for the programme's 2018 series
It was here, in Coventry, in 1962 that Delia Derbyshire gained access to the experimental Radiophonic Workshop and went to transform a written score by Ron Grainer for the new series, Doctor Who, into an iconic piece of electronic music. In 2017, Delia Derbyshire was honoured with a posthumous honorary doctorate from Coventry University.
In 2018, graffiti artist sprayed Delia Derbyshire's portrait onto the Ellen Terry Building (Jordan Well, CV1 5RW) for International Women's Day. Annette Kinsella from Coventry University said:
"We are really pleased to have this artwork and hope it will inspire people to look into Delia's story, especially girls who may be encouraged to study STEM subjects or to look at these subjects in a different way – just like Delia did. We know Delia started her career she was subject to discrimination battling in a man's industry. It is thanks to her tenacity that she was able to achieve her ambition and to push the boundaries of music, the legacy of which is still being felt today." (Coventry University 2018)
reslife, dr who day, dr who, delia derbyshire, electronic music,


text:
Q: How to make Node.js and Glassfish server listen to the same port? I am running my web application using Glassfish server which is running on port 8080. For the same web application, I am trying to integrate Stripe API using node.js. Rest of my web application runs on localhost:8080.
So how do I listen to the same 8080 port through node.js and also glassfish for so that my web application is integrated with Stripe node.js.
Should I use web sockets?
HTML page:

        <form id="form" action="/acctCreated" method="POST">
        Card #: <input type="text" size="16" data-stripe="number" placeholder="Card number" />
        Expiry month: <input type="text" size="2" data-stripe="exp-month" placeholder="MM" />
        year: <input type="text" size="2" data-stripe="exp-year" placeholder="YY" />
        CVC: <input type="text" size="4" data-stripe="cvc" placeholder="CVC" />

        <button type="submit">Pay</button>
    </form>

index.js:
    var express = require('express');
    var bodyParser = require('body-parser');
    var stripe = require('stripe')('sk_test_bpfjQsY5iK7ZI7W5tJMKpPli');
    var http = require('http');

    var app = express();
    app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({
          extended: true
    }));
    app.use(bodyParser.json());

      app.post('/acctCreated', function(req, res) {
        console.log('Inside charge');
        //var stripeToken = req.body.stripeToken;
        var stripeToken = req.body.id;
        var amount = 1000;

        console.log('Calculating charge');
        stripe.charges.create({
            card: stripeToken,
            currency: 'usd',
            amount: amount
        },
        function(err, charge) {
            if (err) {
                res.send(500, err);
                //res.status(500).send(err);
            } else {
                res.send(204);
                //res.status(204).send(charge);
            }
        });

          var path = "http://localhost:8080/TropoHotelReserv/faces/roomsBooked.xhtml"  ;
          console.log("Get PathName " + path);
          res.writeHead(302, {'Location': path});
          res.end();

        console.log('Complete');
    });

    app.use(express.static(__dirname));
    app.listen(process.env.PORT || 8080);

Thanks,

A: You can't do that directly.  You need a load balancer/router in front listening on 8080.
Run Glassfish on port 8081 and Node.js on 8082, then use a load balancer (ex. stud, haproxy, apache httpd, or varnish) in front and set up localhost:8081 and localhost:8082 as backends for the corresponding URL paths.
Here's an example of using HAProxy that way

You can segregate requests based on URL and load balance with a single HAProxy server.
  Your configuration will have something like this:
frontend http
acl app1 path_end -i /app1/123 #matches path ending with "/app/123"
acl app2 path_end -i /app2/123
acl app3 path_end -i /app3/123

use_backend srvs_app1    if app1
use_backend srvs_app2    if app2
use_backend srvs_app3    if app3

backend srvs_app1 #backend that lists your servers. Use a balancing algorithm as per your need.
   balance roundrobin
   server host1 REGION1_HOST_FOR_APP1:PORT
   server host2 REGION2_HOST_FOR_APP1:PORT

backend srvs_app2
   balance roundrobin
   server host1 REGION1_HOST_FOR_APP2:PORT
   server host2 REGION2_HOST_FOR_APP2:PORT

backend srvs_app3
   balance roundrobin
   server host1 REGION1_HOST_FOR_APP3:PORT
   server host2 REGION2_HOST_FOR_APP3:PORT

More information can be found on the [homepage][1].
[1]: http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.5/doc/configuration.txt

Source: https://stackoverflow.com/a/20640578
On Windows you could use mod_proxy in Apache httpd:
ProxyPass /nodejspath http://localhost:8081/nodejspath
ProxyPass /glassfishpath http://localhost:8081/glassfishpath

More info: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy.html


text:
Radar: Holy Smokes, Cara Delevingne!
CAST: CARA DELEVINGNE Rumour has it that model-of-the-moment Cara Delevingne has been cast as Harley Quinn in DC Comics' Suicide Squad. The sidekick and unrequited lover of the Joker, Harley Quinn is a Batman villain that runs in the criminal Suicide Squad circle. Fuelling the rumours, the sometimes muse and face of Chanel Instagrammed a cartoon …
Radar: Holy Smokes, Cara Delevingne! Read More »
CAST: CARA DELEVINGNE
Rumour has it that model-of-the-moment Cara Delevingne has been cast as Harley Quinn in DC Comics' Suicide Squad. The sidekick and unrequited lover of the Joker, Harley Quinn is a Batman villain that runs in the criminal Suicide Squad circle. Fuelling the rumours, the sometimes muse and face of Chanel Instagrammed a cartoon version of herself dressed as the character with the caption "Dress up time!!" To be directed by David Ayer, the movie's rumoured co-stars include Will Smith, Margot Robbie and Ryan Gosling. [harpersbazaar.com]
RANK: CHART TOPPER
Proving she still has serious girl power, Victoria Beckham has been named the U.K.'s most successful entrepreneur of 2014 by business magazine Management Today. The ranking was based on the fashion designer's strong sales, job creation and estimated worth—her firm grossed a profit of £30m this past year. Called a "supremely talented entrepreneur in the fashion business" by the magazine, the former Spice Girl beat out the pharmaceutical group founder Auden Mckenzie and Julian Dunkerton of clothing chain Supergroup for the top spot. Now this is what we call a chart topper. [telegraph.co.uk]
KNOW: SHE WORKS HARD FOR HER MONEY
Because Prada shoes don't buy themselves, reality TV star Kim Kardashian says her Givenchy-wearing tot will have to work hard for her money – just like her mom! In a recent interview with ES Magazine, Kim is quoted as saying her daughter "will have to work for what she wants." At 16 months old, Nori has already modelled for Vogue and sat front row at Fashion Week, which has her mom thinking she may have a budding fashion designer on her hands. An internship with Anna Wintour is likely in her future. [dailymail.co.uk]
COLLAB: A COLETTE FETE
Paris-based concept store Colette has joined forces with Warner Bros. Consumer Products on a line of limited edition Batman products celebrating the superhero's 75th anniversary. The exclusive collection includes sneakers from Berluti, Eleven Paris jackets, figurines and skateboards. The store has created a Gotham City window display for the kick-off on October 27. The Dark Knight is on the rise in Paris. [wwd.com]
OPENING: OVERSEAS
Competitors may have their eyes on downtown Manhattan, but Macy's is opening up in Abu Dhabi. Macy's will open a four-level store at Al Maryah Central on Al Maryah Island, known to locals as a shopping destination. But they're not the only U.S. retailer setting up shop: Bloomingdale's will open its second overseas store there as well. Both retailers are set to open their Abu Dhabi locations in 2018. There's nothing wrong with some local competition, right? [wwd.com]
OPENING: IRENE NEUWIRTH
Jewellery designer Irene Neuwirth is having a moment. After winning the CFDA Swarovski Award for Accessories earlier this year, the designer is following up the big win with her first flagship store on Melrose Place in Los Angeles. An extension of her aesthetic, the store has a casual feel but spotlights her one-of-a-kind creations with museum-worthy precision. Working with new stones and settings, Neuwirth is expanding her collection and attracting new fans like Lena Dunham along the way. [style.com]


Tailgates & Tanlines is the third studio album by American country music artist Luke Bryan. It was released on August 9, 2011, by Capitol Nashville. Bryan co-wrote eight of the album's thirteen tracks, including its first single, "Country Girl (Shake It for Me)." American Songwriter called Tailgates & Tanlines "a soundtrack for fun and sun, along with an instantaneous cure for the summertime blues." The song "Too Damn Young" was originally performed by Julie Roberts on her 2006 album Men & Mascara.


text:
Arts and Humanities (2)
https://akjournals.com/search?access=all&pageSize=10&q=%22Greek+influence+on+Latin%22&sort=relevance
"Greek influence on Latin" x
Potential Greek influence on the Vulgar Latin sound change [b] > [β]: Dialectological evidence from inscriptions
Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2017.57.1.2
Béla Adamik
This paper intends to investigate Greek influence on the Latin sound change [b] > [β] suggested occasionally in the literature by surveying not only the relevant linguistic data of Latin/Romance and Koine/Modern Greek but also the relevant literature and by involving and analyzing data sets recorded from 18 Roman provinces and the city of Rome in the Computerized Historical Linguistic Database of the Latin Inscriptions of the Imperial Age (cf. http://lldb.elte.hu/) by a more differentiated phonological approach considering external sandhi rules and in a chronological distribution more detailed than any applied before. In the end, the influence of Greek has been evidenced at least for some areas and especially for the early period (1st–3rd century AD), which is more important in this respect than the late period (4th–6th century AD), since then the merger can also be explained by developments in Latin itself beside a supposed external influence.
Dal partitivo latino al partitivo romanzo: Alcuni problemi di analisi diacronica e storica nelle trasformazioni delle strutture partitive
Volume 59: Issue 1-4
https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2019.59.1-4.25
Rosanna Sornicola
This paper focuses on some problems that emerge in the analysis of Latin partitive structures of various times and in the study of their diachronic relationship to Romance partitive structures. It especially deals with constructions of the form V + NP (with NP marked by the Genitive Case or governed by the preposition DĒ) which are examined in their formal and functional properties. Starting from a critical reconsideration of how they are described in various prominent grammars and studies, this paper underlines their non-homogeneous character. In particular, it casts doubts on the association of some of the constructions with V + Genitive NP to partitive function. As to the structures with NP governed by DĒ, it is argued that in the sample of sentences considered, which includes passages from Plautus, Cicero, Martial, Petronius, the preposition fundamentally retains its original value that expresses spatial movement from a place (physical or mental), and therefore assigns to the prepositional phrase a function of spatial origin that is inextricably interwoven to a possible partitive value. This brings to the conclusion that the spatial value may have been a main path to the development of the partitive function in the constructions with DĒ.
This paper also questions the equivalence of the constructions with NP marked by Genitive and those with NP governed by DĒ. It comes to the conclusion that no direct functional continuity from the first to the latter can be envisaged if one accepts the traditional typological description whereby the structures with DE gradually came to replace those with the Genitive. However, some Late Latin constructions with DE show formal and functional similarities with the older Romance partitive constructions.
The influence of Greek on Latin is discussed as a possible factor that affected the shaping of Latin partitive constructions over time, though it is arguably difficult to prove it in a satisfactory way and this issue deserves further research.


The Trump administration's blueprint for building more nuclear warheads to contain "strategic competitors" is a "rip-off" that only benefits manufacturers, not the American people, foreign policy analyst Robert Naiman told RT.
The plan to expand the US low-yield nuclear arsenal, outlined in the draft of the upcoming Nuclear Posture Review leaked to the media, is an "outrageous and foolish" idea that will add nothing to US national security, argues Robert Naiman, policy director at Just Foreign Policy and president of the Truth Out organization.
"The United States has already more than enough nuclear weapons, and the idea of building more is foolish, dangerous and unnecessary and robbery of other priorities," Naiman told RT. By channeling money into more nukes, Trump betrays his voters, who expected him to focus on infrastructure projects at home, he added.
"He talked about America First, rebuild America, people thought that meant we're going to fix the roads and the bridges. Nah, we are going to build more nuclear weapons," Naiman said.
While the nuclear plan is expected to be unveiled by Trump next month, the rather hawkish draft is still in the works and requires congressional approval, Naiman noted. He hopes lawmakers contest it.
Naiman also hopes other countries will not be "so stupid as to take the bait" and allow themselves to be dragged into an expensive new arms race. The funds that would be funneled into the pockets of arms manufacturers are US taxpayer dollars, stolen "under pretext of defending the US," he stressed.
While Russia and China are indeed "strategic competitors" to the US, the "idea that this means we need to produce more nuclear weapons doesn't follow at all," Naiman argued. In terms of nuclear deterrence, according to Naiman, it is not the quantity of nuclear weapons that matters, but the mere fact that the country possesses them.


text:
using DotJEM.Json.Index.Schema;
using DotJEM.Json.Index.Searching;
using Lucene.Net.Index;
using Lucene.Net.Search;

namespace DotJEM.Json.Index.Configuration.FieldStrategies.Querying
{
    public class TermFieldQueryBuilder : FieldQueryBuilder
    {
        public TermFieldQueryBuilder(IQueryParser parser, string field, JsonSchemaExtendedType type)
            : base(parser, field, type)
        {
        }

        public override Query BuildFieldQuery(CallContext call, string query, int slop)
        {
            return new TermQuery(new Term(Field, query));
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The chart shows the real change of quotations after the publication of technical analysis on 2017-08-30. The pending order from this analysis was executed and the position was opened. Next, we shall move the stop to the next fractal low following the Bollinger Bands and Parabolic SAR signals at the 4-hour charts. Thus, we are changing the potential profit/loss to the breakeven point. The position shall be closed when the price meets the Bollinger bands, the Parabolic SAR, the trend line and the fractal indicator.


Didas wrote: amazing clip ?
Yes! And with an amazing song by an amazing band!
The only downside of Galantis, no Style of Eye productions. Especially the 2010/11 tracks from him, those were so unique.
New Erased Tapes release by Rival Consoles... I think mood-wise they could've waited with the release until October but either way it is pretty damn good stuff...He even played at TOUs night at Space last Thursday, I really recommend checking this guy out.
Let's bring this topic back to life.
Absolutely in love with all of San Holo's work.
I recently started falling in love with Flume's productions. On a whole different level for me and absolutely worth to check out.
Elroy wrote: I recently started falling in love with Flume's productions. On a whole different level for me and absolutely worth to check out.
I JUST SAW. HYPED AF.


French design team Bootee Check, consisting of Düne and sosoa, unveils a toddler-sized rendition of the Nike Air MAG. Featuring a knitted crochet construction modeled after the iconic Nike Air MAG shoes worn by Marty McFly in Back to the Future II, the playful iteration highlights a high ankle strap build and appropriately colored illumination stitchings along the back heel and outsole. Initially created as a personal project by the design team duo, 15 pairs of the toddler Nike Air MAG are scheduled to be auctioned off on eBay as a complementary yellow casing accompanies the knitted model. Look for Bootee Check's Nike Air MAG for toddlers to be available on February 15 at the brand's eBay page.


Glen Robinson, my co-author for Salome's Charger, has bravely interviewed our two main characters, Stevie Sloane and Ezra Huddleston.
EH: Ouch. Well, I don't remember that, but in those days, I don't remember much beyond being angry all the time. But I wouldn't call that meeting. I'd say our first meeting was when you barged into my office claiming to have information about the charger and then actually stole information from my desk.


But there may be circumstances in which you do not know until run-time which UserForm you need to display. In this case, you can use the often overlooked VBA.UserForms object. This object works much like a Collection object and holds references to all the UserForms that are currently loaded, and possibly shown. The Add method of the VBA.UserForms object allows you to load a UserForm by its name as a string. Thus, you can determine at run-time which form to load, passing a string variable to the Add method of VBA.UserForms.
The procedure ShowAnyForm, shown below, accepts as input the name of the form to show and the modal method -- vbModeless or vbModal -- to use to show the form. If the form is already loaded, it is not unload and reloaded. It is simply made visible using Show. If the UserForm is not loaded, and thus is not included in the VBA.UserForms object, it is loaded using the Add method and then made visible with Show. In the procedure shown below, the form is assumed to have a Label control named Label1. Its Caption is set to indicate whether the form was already loaded or whether it was loaded by ShowAnyForm. Of course, you will want to remove those lines of code in a real world application.
' it is reshown without unloading/reloading the form.
Obj.Label1.Caption = "Form Already Loaded"
' no loaded, and thus not found in VBA.UserForms.
' form and then call Show to show the form.
Obj.Label1.Caption = "Form Loaded By ShowAnyForm"
' Determine which form to display.
' FormName is the name of the UserForm.
' ControlName is the name of the control (e.g., "Label1").
' ProcName is the name of the Property or procedure.
'          one of VbGet, VbLet, or VbMethod.
MsgBox "Error On Control: '" & ControlName & "' of UserForm: '" & FormName & "'."
You can call ControlValueByName as shown in the example code below. The code shown below will set the value of the Caption of Label2 of form UserForm2.
Value = "New Caption Text"


text:
L'extinction non-photochimique (non-photochemical quenching ou NPQ en anglais) est l'un des mécanismes utilisés par les plantes et notamment par les algues pour se protéger des effets d'une intensité lumineuse trop élevée. Il implique l'extinction des chlorophylles  à l'état excité singulet (Chl) via une conversion interne améliorée vers l'état fondamental (décroissance non radiative), dissipant ainsi sans danger l'excès d'énergie d'excitation sous forme de chaleur par le biais de vibrations moléculaires.

L'extinction non-photochimique existe chez presque tous les eucaryotes photosynthétiques (algues et plantes). Il les aide à réguler et à protéger la photosynthèse dans des environnements où l'absorption d'énergie lumineuse dépasse la capacité d'utilisation de la lumière par la photosynthèse.

Mécanismes biochimiques en jeu

Quand une molécule de chlorophylle absorbe de la lumière, elle passe de son état fondamental à son premier état excité dit « singulet ».
Cet état excité peut ensuite évoluer de trois grandes manières possibles.

 soit l'énergie reçue par la molécule de chlorophylle peut être transmise à une autre molécule de chlorophylle par transfert d'énergie de résonance de Förster (l'excitation est ainsi progressivement transmise aux centres de réaction photochimique ( photosystème I et photosystème II ) où l'énergie est utilisée dans la photosynthèse ; on parle alors d'extinction photochimique) ou ;
 soit l'état excité revient à l'état fondamental en émettant de l'énergie sous forme de chaleur (c'est ce qu'on dénomme extinction non-photochimique)
 soit l'état excité revient à l'état fondamental en émettant un photon (fluorescence).

Les végétaux supérieurs continuent à absorber la lumière au fur et à mesure que l'intensité lumineuse augmente, mais pendant que leur capacité de photosynthèse tend à saturer.
Il existe un excès d'énergie lumineuse au-delà duquel les systèmes de récolte de lumière photosynthétiques ne répond plus.

Cet excès d'« énergie d'excitation » conduit à une augmentation de la durée de vie de la chlorophylle excitée singulet, augmentant les chances de formation d'états triplets de chlorophylle à longue durée de vie par croisement inter-systèmes.
Or, la chlorophylle triplet est un puissant photosensibilisateur de l'oxygène moléculaire, formant de l'oxygène singulet, source de stress oxydatifs pour les pigments, les lipides et les protéines de la membrane thylacoïdienne photosynthétique.

Pour contrer ce stress, la plante dispose d'un mécanisme photoprotecteur qui repose sur la conversion et la dissipation de l'énergie d'excitation excédentaire en chaleur, dit d'extinction non-photochimique.

Plusieurs mécanismes aboutissent à l'extinction non photochimique, le plus efficace étant l'extinction énergie-dépendante (qE), passant par l'agrégation des complexes protéines-pigments. Quand les trimères de LHCII sont isolés (en solution diluée par exemple), chaque entité se comporte indépendamment et l'énergie lumineuse absorbée est réémise sous forme de fluorescence.
S'il y a assez de trimères assez proches les uns des autres (au sein des cristaux par exemple ou dans les membranes thylacoïdales non stressées), alors une part (faible) de l'énergie absorbée peut continuer à être réémise pendant que l'autre part est dissipée (sous forme de chaleur). Si l'on agrège expérimentalement in vitro des trimères d'antennes collectrices de l'énergie lumineuse, on observe une dissipation de l'énergie lumineuse sous forme de chaleur.

Ce mécanisme dans la cellule (in vivo) passe par des changements de conformation des protéines qui collectent la lumière dans le photosystème (PS) II, ce qui entraîne un changement dans les interactions pigmentaires provoquant la formation de pièges énergétiques.

Ces changements conformationnels sont stimulés par une combinaison de gradient transmembranaire de protons, la sous-unité S du photosystème II (PsBs ) et la conversion enzymatique du caroténoïde violaxanthine en zéaxanthine (le cycle de la xanthophylle).

La Violaxanthine est un pigment caroténoïde en aval de la chlorophylle a et b, trouvé à l'intérieur de l'antenne du PS II et plus proche de la chlorophylle spéciale située dans le centre de réaction de l'antenne. Plus l'intensité lumineuse augmente, plus l'acidification de la lumière thylakoïde se produit par la stimulation de l'anhydrase carbonique, qui à son tour convertit le bicarbonate (HCO3) en dioxyde de carbone provoquant un afflux de CO2 et inhibant l'activité de la Rubisco oxygénase.

Cette acidification conduit aussi à une protonation de la sous-unité PsBs du PS II qui catalyse la conversion de la violaxanthine en zéaxanthine, participant à l'altération de l'orientation des photosystèmes aux moments de forte absorption lumineuse pour réduire les quantités de dioxyde de carbone créées et déclencher la extinction non photochimique, ainsi que l'activation de l'enzyme violaxanthine désépoxydase qui élimine un époxyde et forme un alcène sur un cycle à six membres de violaxanthine donnant naissance à un autre caroténoïde connu sous le nom d'anthéraxanthine.

La violaxanthine contient deux époxydes liés chacun à un cycle à six membres et lorsque les deux sont éliminés par la désépoxydase, le caroténoïde zéaxanthine est formé. Seule la violaxanthine est capable de transporter un photon vers la chlorophylle spéciale a. L'anthéraxanthine et la zéaxanthine dissipent l'énergie du photon sous forme de chaleur préservant l'intégrité du photosystème II.

Mesure du phénomène
L'extinction non photochimique est mesurée par l'extinction de la fluorescence de la chlorophylle. Elle se distingue de l'extinction photochimique en appliquant une impulsion lumineuse brillante pour saturer de manière transitoire l'extinction photochimique, supprimant ainsi sa contribution à l'extinction observée. L'extinction non-photochimique n'est pas affectée si l'impulsion lumineuse est courte. Pendant cette impulsion, la fluorescence atteint le niveau atteint en l'absence de toute extinction photochimique, dit fluorescence maximale, .

La fluorescence de la chlorophylle peut être facilement mesurée avec un fluoromètre à chlorophylle. Certains fluorimètres peuvent calculer les coefficients de trempe NPQ et photochimique (y compris qP, qN, qE et NPQ), ainsi que les paramètres d'adaptation à la lumière et à l'obscurité (y compris Fo, Fm et Fv/Fm).

Références

Photosynthèse

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Children's loft beds are indeed the most favored bed types which are liked and fond by children. When you go with loft beds, of course you take the best bed for your children because you may get many benefits of using loft beds both for you and your children as well. Those advantages are really tempting and indeed true.
Loft beds are really good on saving spaces compared to the usual or ordinary designs and types. It is really saving spaces especially if you put your children in one bedroom, you can always utilize this kind of bed because you can always use the twin loft beds to make one bedroom fit two or even four children. You can use the spaces for putting and placing other furniture and for moving spaces of your children because kids like to move a lot.
It is also useful for making a kind of small play ground for your children. When you have a loft bed, you can choose the one that is made with stairs then of course there will be spaces left under the bed. You can make a simple play ground with some toys, books, dolls and other things which are favored by your children. Moreover, these days you will find that the loft beds are designed uniquely for example the designs which are equipped with desks and drawers. The designs are indeed various and more innovated.
Loft beds are very suitable and eligible for your children and your children will be so delighted and feel comfortable inside their bedrooms because you can prepare them with a multifunctional bedroom, a bedroom plus a place for playing. You can also make your children more intimate one to another because they share the same room with comfortable beds.


text:
Advanced Urology, Inc.
904 Sahara Trail
See our full list of locations >>
John B. McElroy, M.D., F.A.C.S.
Paul W. Musselman, M.D., F.A.C.S.
Richard G. Nord, M.D., F.A.C.S.
James R. Stille, M.D., F.A.C.S.
Office Hours / Appointments
Lab Tests / X-rays
Informative Websites
The Physicians of Advanced Urology, Inc.
(1984-1985) Cleveland Clinic Foundation. Renal Transplantation and Renovascular Surgery
(1981-1984) Urology Residency, Cleveland Clinic Foundation
(1980-1981) General Surgery, Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center Lackland (San Antonio), Texas
(1974-1980) 6 year combined BA/MD program
University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Medicine
Undergraduate:
(1974-1980) B.A. in Biology, University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Arts and Sciences.
Dr. McElroy received his medical degree in 1980 from the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine. He completed his urology training and a fellowship in renal transplantation and renovascular surgery at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation in Cleveland, Ohio. He served in the U.S. Air Force at Wilford Hall U.S.A.F. Medical Center, Lackland A.F.B., Texas prior to moving to Youngstown where he has practiced since 1989. He was a staff member of the department of urology at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation and served as the director of the Northeast Ohio Transplant Center in Youngstown.
Dr. McElroy serves as clinical assistant professor of urology at Northeast Ohio Medical University and clinical assistant professor of surgery, Uniformed Services, University of the Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, F. Herbert School of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland. He is certified by the American Board of Urology, is a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons, and has held memberships in many professional organizations including the American Urological Association, Ohio State Medical Association, Mahoning County Medical Society, Society of Air Force Clinical Surgeons, and the National Eagle Scout Association. He has authored and co-authored numerous publications for professional journals.
(1984-1987) Urology Residency, Cleveland Clinic Hospital
(1982-1984) General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Hospital
Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, M.D.
(1972-1976) B.A. in Biology, Wittenberg University, Springfield, Ohio
Dr. Musselman received his medical degree from Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine and his urology training at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation. He holds the rank of clinical assistant professor in urology, Northeast Ohio Medical University and was in private practice in Columbus for nine years before returning home to Youngstown to join Advanced Urology in 1996.
He is a Diplomate of the American Board of Urology and received his re-certification in 1999. His current memberships include the American Urological Association, American College of Surgeons, Ohio State Medical Association, and the Mahoning County Medical Society. He is a frequent presenter at professional meetings and has authored and co-authored publications for numerous professional journals.
(1988-1992) Urology Residency, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
(1986-1988) General Surgery, Mercy Hospital of Pittsburgh
(1982-1986) Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine
(1978-1982) B.A. in Chemistry, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA
Dr. Nord received his medical degree from the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine in Hershey, Pennsylvania. His internship and general surgery residency were completed at Mercy Hospital in Pittsburgh and his urology residency at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia.
Dr. Nord serves as an assistant clinical professor in urology at Northeast Ohio Medical University. He is certified by the American Board of Urology and is a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons. He has contributed to numerous professional publications and is an active member of the American Urological Association, Ohio State Medical Association, and the Mahoning County Medical Society.
James R. Stille M.D., F.A.C.S.
(1992-1997) Akron City Hospital & Children's Hospital Medical Center of Akron/NEOUCOM Affiliated Urology Residency Training Program
(1988-1992) Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio
(1984-1988) Walsh College, North Canton, Ohio B.S.
Dr. Stille graduated with honors from the Medical College of Ohio, Toledo and completed his general surgery and urology training through Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine at Akron City Hospital, Akron Medical Center, and Children's Hospital Medical Center of Akron.
He is certified by the American Board of Urology, and is a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons. He is also a member of the clinical faculty at Northeast Ohio Medical University. He has held memberships in the American Urology Association, Ohio State Medical Association, and the Mahoning County Medical Society. He has received numerous academic awards and participated in research projects in the field of urology.
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text:
January 4, 2023 January 4, 2023 / By Shane / 23 minutes of reading
I. What is Hydraulic Press Machine?
II. History of Hydraulic Press Machine
III. Types of Hydraulic Press Machine
IV. Working Principle of Hydraulic Press Machine
V. Parts And Functions of Hydraulic Press Machine (Structure)
V.I. Drive System
V.II. Structure
VI. Advantages of Hydraulic Press Machine
VII. Application of Hydraulic Press
VIII. Accessories for Hydraulic Press Machine
IX. How to Build A Hydraulic Press Machine
X. Hydraulic Press Machine Operation
XI. Hydraulic Press Machine Commissioning
XII. Hydraulic Press Machine Maintenance
XII.I. First class maintenance
XII.II. Second-class maintenance
XIII. Hydraulic Press Machine Troubleshooting
XIV. Hydraulic Press Safety Rules
XV. Hydraulic Press Tonnage Calculations
XVI. Buying Guide for Hydraulic Press Machine
XVII. Hydraulic Press Crushing Things
XVIII. Hydraulic Press Terminology
XIX. Difference Between Mechanical Press and Hydraulic Press
XX. Hydraulic Press V.S Hydraulic Jack
XXI. Conslusion
What is Hydraulic Press Machine?
Fig.1 Hydraulic Press Machine Diagram
Hydraulic Press Definition
The hydraulic press is a kind of machine which uses the liquid as a working medium to transfer energy based on PASCAL's principle to realize various technique.
Generally, the hydraulic press machine consists of three parts: the machine (mainframe), the power system and the hydraulic control system.
Mechanical Press Vs Hydraulic Press: Do You Know Their Difference
Brief Introduction of Hydraulic Press
Hydraulic press machine (also known as hydraulic oil press) is a machine that makes use of the static pressure of the liquid to process metal, plastic, rubber, wood, powder products.
It is often used in pressing and pressing forming processes, such as forging press, stamping, cold extrusion, straightening, bending, flanging, sheet drawing, powder metallurgy, pressing, etc.
Fig.2 Hydraulic Press Machine Structure
Biggest Hydraulic Press
Fig.3 80,000 Ton Die Forging Press
The 80,000-ton die-forging hydraulic press is 27 meters high on the ground and 15 meters underground, with a total height of 42 meters and a total weight of 22,000 tons, which make it the most powerful and strongest hydraulic press in the world
The giant die-forging hydraulic press is a national treasure class strategic equipment which symbolizes the strength of the heavy industry. There are only a few countries in the world that can make such a hydraulic forging press.
Currently, only China, the United States, Russia and France have more than 40,000 tons of die forging presses in the world.
The United States built two of the world's largest 45,000 ton die-forging presses around 1955, which are still in use today.
In 2001, another 40,000-ton die-forging press was built at the Shultz steel mill in California.
The Soviet Union built two huge 75, 000-ton die-forging presses around 1961.
France bought a 65,000 ton die-forging press from the Soviet Union in 1976 and developed a 40,000 ton die-forging press in 2005 in cooperation with Germany.
China's first 30, 000-ton die-forging press stalled for nearly 40 years after it was built in 1973.
Until the last two years, several huge presses were developed explosively.
There were 30,000 tons, 40,000 tons and 80,000 tons of die forging presses built in 2012 alone. The 80,000-ton hydraulic press broke the world record held by the former Soviet Union for 51 years.
Die forging press is mainly used to manufacture high strength titanium/aluminum alloy forgings in aerospace, nuclear power, petrochemical and other fields.
In the world, any country with a huge die-forging press is a powerful aviation industry.
History of Hydraulic Press Machine
In 1795, the British j. brammer used PASCAL's principle to create a water press for packaging and pressing vegetable oils.
By the middle of the 19th century, Britain began to use hydraulic presses for forging. The hydraulic press gradually replaced the super-large steam hammer.
By the end of the 19th century, the United States had built 126,00T free-forging hydraulic presses.
Since then, the world has produced more than 20 sets of 10,000T free-forging hydraulic machines, including two made in China (see Fig.4).
Fig.4 Free-forging hydraulic machines
With the development and improvement of the electric high-pressure pump, the forging hydraulic press is developing towards a small tonnage.
After the 1950s, small rapid forging hydraulic press appeared, which could do the things equivalent to the work done by 3-5Ton forging hammer.
In the 1940s, Germany made a huge die-forging press of 18,000T. Since then, the world has produced 18 sets of 18,000T forging hydraulic machines, of which one made in China is 30,000T.
Types of Hydraulic Press Machine
According to the structural form, the hydraulic press machine is mainly divided into:
Four-column hydraulic press
Single column hydraulic press (C type)
Horizontal hydraulic press
Vertical frame hydraulic press
Universal hydraulic press
If classified by tonnage, the hydraulic press can be divided into:
63T hydraulic press machine
100T hydraulic press machine
According to the applications, it is mainly divided into metal forming, bending, stretching, punching, powder (metal, non-metal) forming, pressing, extrusion and so on.
Hot forging hydraulic press
As one of the most widely used equipment in the forging industry, the large hydraulic forging machine is able to complete all kinds of free forging technique.
At present, there are series of forging hydraulic presses with 800T, 1600T, 2000T, 2500T, 3150T, 4000T and 5000T specifications.
The four pillar hydraulic press is suitable for pressing the plastic material, like powder products forming, plastic products forming, cold (hot) extrusion metal forming, sheet drawing, transverse pressing, bending, penetration, and correction processes.
The four-column hydraulic press can be divided into the four-column two-beam hydraulic press, four-column three-beam hydraulic press and four-column four-beam hydraulic press.
C-frame hydraulic press
Extendable working range, able to lengthen hydraulic cylinder stroke (optional) using three-sided space with max retractability 260mm-800mm. Able to preset working pressure and with heat abstractor device.
The machine parts can be assembled, disassembled, straightened, compressed, stretched, bent, punched, etc to realize one machine with multi-purpose.
The working table of this machine can move up and down, the size expands the opening and closing height of the machine, making it more convenient to use.
Two-pillar hydraulic press
This series of products are suitable for pressing, bending and shaping of all kinds of parts, stamping indentation, flanging, punching and light stretching of small parts. And it also suitable for metal powder products forming.
Adopt electric control, with job motion and semi-automatic cycle, can protect the time of pressure delay, and have good sliding block direction, easy operation, easy maintenance, economic durability.
According to the needs of users can add thermal instruments, ejector cylinder, travel display, counting functions.
It is made based on PASCAL's law and makes use of fluid pressure transmission.
The two-pillar hydraulic press not only has many types but also has a variety of applications.
If classified by the type of liquid that transferring pressure, the two-pillar hydraulic press can be divided into oil press and water press.
The total pressure produced by water is large and is often used for forging and stamping.
The forging press is also divided into two types: die forging water press and free forging water press.
The die forging water press need to use the mold, while the free forging water press does not.
Working Principle of Hydraulic Press Machine
Fig.5 Hydraulic press mechanism
The area of the large and small plunger is S2 and S1 respectively, and the force on the plunger is F2 and F1 respectively.
According to PASCAL's principle, the pressure of the confined liquid is equal everywhere, that is, F2/S2=F1/S1=p; F2=F1(S2/S1).
The gain effect of hydraulic pressure is the same as that of mechanical gain. The force is increased, but the work is not gained. Therefore, the motion distance of large plunger is S1/S2 times of that of the small plunger.
The basic principle is:
The oil pump transfers the hydraulic oil to the integrated cartridge valve blocks, and assigned to the upper chamber or lower chamber of the cylinder through the one-way valve and relief valve. Under the action of high pressure oil, the oil cylinder starts to move up and down.
The hydraulic press is a device that makes use of liquid to transfer pressure. The law of PASCAL is applied to the transfer of pressure in a closed container.
The hydraulic drive system of four-column hydraulic press consists of power mechanism, control mechanism, executive mechanism, auxiliary mechanism and working medium.
Usually, the oil pump is used as the power mechanism. One or more pumps are selected to meet the requirement of running speed of the actuator.
Gear pump for low pressure (oil pressure less than 2.5mp);
Blade pump for medium pressure (oil pressure less than 6.3mp);
Plunger pump for high pressure (oil pressure less than 32.0MP).
The function of working medium used in a hydraulic press is not only to transfer pressure but also to ensure the working parts of the hydraulic press machine are sensitive, reliable, long life and less leakage.
The basic requirements of hydraulic press for working medium are:
① Suitable fluidity and low compressibility are available to improve transmission efficiency.
② Anti-rust;
③ Good lubrication performance;
④ Easy to seal;
⑤ Stable performance, long-term work without deterioration.
The hydraulic press uses water as the working medium at first and then uses emulsified liquid by adding a small amount of emulsified oil into the water to increase the lubrication and reduce corrosion.
The oil press with mineral oil as a working medium appeared in the late 19th century. The oil has good lubricity, anti-corrosive and moderate viscosity, which is beneficial to improve the performance of the hydraulic press.
In the second half of the 20th century, a new type of water-based emulsifying solution was developed, which was characterized as "oil inclusion water" rather than "water inclusion oil".
The outlook of the " water inclusion oil " is oil, its lubricity and corrosion resistance are close to oil. Besides, it contains little oil and is not easy to burn. However, water-based emulsions are more expensive, which limiting its spreading.
Parts And Functions of Hydraulic Press Machine (Structure)
Fig.6 Hydraulic press machine drive system
The driving system of hydraulic press mainly consists of two types: pump direct drive and pump-accumulator drive.
Pump direct drive
The pump of this drive system provides high pressure working liquid to the hydraulic cylinder. The distribution valve is used to change the direction of the supply liquid. The overflow valve is used to adjust the limited pressure of the system and also acts as a safe overflow.
This drive system has less process, simple structure, the pressure can automatically increase and decrease according to the work required force, which reduced the power consumption. However, the capacity of the pump and drive motor must be determined by the biggest workforce and maximum working speed of the hydraulic press.
This type of drive system is mainly used for medium and small-sized hydraulic press, and also can be used for large (such as 12000T) free forging hydraulic press directly driven by the pump.
Pump-accumulator drive
There is one or a set of accumulators in this drive system. When the high pressure working fluid supplied by the pump has a surplus, it is stored by the accumulator. When the supply is insufficient to meet the need, it is supplied by the accumulator.
The capacity of the pump and motor can be selected according to the average amount of high pressure working fluid if adopting this system. However, the energy consumption is large, and the system has many processes, the structure is complex due to the constant working fluid pressure.
This kind of drive system is used for large hydraulic press, or a set of the drive system to drive several hydraulic presses.
According to the direction of the force, there are vertical and horizontal hydraulic presses.
Most hydraulic presses are vertical, while the hydraulic presses used for extrusion are horizontal.
According to the structure type, the hydraulic press has two columns, four columns, eight columns, welding frame and multi-layer steel strip winding frame types. Medium and small vertical hydraulic press has the C-frame type.
The c-frame hydraulic press is open on three sides, easy to operate, but less rigid.
The welding frame hydraulic press used for stamping is rigid, open to the front and back, but closed to the left and right.
In the vertical transmission four-column free forging hydraulic press, the oil cylinder fixed on the upper beam, the plunger is rigidly attached to the movable beam. The movable beam is guided by the vertical column and moves up and down under the pressure of working fluid.
There are workbenches on the beam that move back and forth. The upper anvil and the lower anvil are respectively installed under the movable beam and on the worktable.
The working force is borne by a frame consisting of upper and lower beams and columns.
The large and medium-sized free-forging hydraulic press is driven by pump-accumulator usually adopts three working cylinders to obtain three-level working forces.
Outside the working cylinder, there are also balancing cylinder and return cylinder which applies upward force.
Advantages of Hydraulic Press Machine
Compared with the traditional stamping process, the hydroforming process has obvious technical and economic advantages over reduce weight, reduce the number of parts and mold quantity, improve the rigidity and strength, reduce the production cost etc. More and more applications have been made in the industrial field, especially in the automobile industry.
In the automotive industry, aviation, aerospace fields, it is a long-term goal to reduce the structural quality and save the energy in operation. It is also one of the trends of the development of advanced manufacturing technology.
Hydroforming is an advanced manufacturing technology for realizing lightweight structure.
Compared with stamping and welding technology, hydraulic forming technology has the following main advantages:
1. Reduce weight and save materials
For typical parts such as automobile engine bracket and radiator bracket, hydraulic forming parts are 20% ~ 40% lighter than stamping parts. For hollow step shaft parts, the weight can be reduced by 40% ~ 50%.
2. Reduce the number of parts and molds and lower the cost of molds
Hydraulic forming parts usually only need one set of molds, while most stamping parts need more sets of molds. Hydraulic forming engine bracket parts reduced from 6 to 1, radiator bracket parts reduced from 17 to 10.
3. Reduce the welding of subsequent machining and assembly
Take the radiator support, for example, the heat dissipation area increased by 43%, the soldering point decreased from 174 to 20, the process decreased from 13 to 6, and the productivity increased by 66%.
4. Improve strength and rigidity, especially fatigue strength
For example, the rigidity of the hydroformed radiator bracket can be increased by 39% in the vertical direction and 50% in the horizontal direction.
5. Lower production cost
According to the statistical analysis of the used hydraulic forming parts, the average production cost of hydraulic forming parts is 15% ~ 20% lower than that of stamping parts, and the mold cost is 20% ~ 30% lower.
Application of Hydraulic Press
Hydraulic presses can be used for the process of drawing forming, turning, bending and stamping of metal sheet parts. It can also be used in general pressing technology by adding blanking buffer, blanking, moving table devices according to the user needs.
In addition to forging and forming, the three-beam four-column hydraulic press can also be used to correct, press mounting, packing, briquetting and plate pressing.
Suitable materials for the hydraulic forming process include carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, copper alloy and nickel alloy.
In principle, all materials suitable for cold forming are suitable for the hydraulic forming process.
It is widely used in automobile parts factory, electronics factory, electric appliance factory, heat treatment plant, automobile parts factory, gear factory, air conditioning parts factory
Besides, hydraulic forming technology has been widely used in automobile, aviation, aerospace and pipeline industries. It is mainly applicable to:
Hollow structural parts with circular, rectangular or special-shaped sections changing along the axis of the components, such as the special-shaped pipe parts of the exhaust system of an automobile;
Non-circular hollow frame, such as engine bracket, instrument panel bracket and body frame (accounting for 11% ~ 15% of vehicle quality);
Hollow shaft parts and complex pipe fittings etc.
Accessories for Hydraulic Press Machine
1 The gear pump
2 Hydraulic overflow valve
3 Miniature contactor
4 Proximity switch
5 O-ring
6 U-ring
7 Anti-dust ring
8 Guide ring
9 Ladder ring
10 Hole use YX ring
11 Combined seal ring
12 The gear pump
How to Build A Hydraulic Press Machine
DIY 5 ton hydraulic press
Hydraulic Press Machine Operation
Different types of hydraulic press machine are operating differently. And every hydraulic press machine manufacturer will provide the operation manual together with the hydraulic press when delivered. The manual will be the best training materials for you to learn various key points about how to use the hydraulic press.
If you use four pillar hydraulic press machine, you can also take our user manual of hydraulic press for reference:
Y32 Four Column Hydraulic Press Operation Manual
Hydraulic Press Machine Commissioning
Turn the working mode switch to the "inching move" position and loosen the adjusting handle of the pressure control valves on the power station.
Switch on the power and jog the motor to check if the rotation is consistent with the specified rotation. After the completion of the work, the motor can be officially started, so that the oil pump can operate at an empty load for no less than 5 minutes. Then, check whether all parts are normal. If there is no abnormal phenomenon, the system pressure can be raised to around 6Mpa to prepare for the next work.
Press the "press" button to make the piston of the main cylinder descend. The piston head is required to touch the upper plane of the slider. Then install the large flange and ensure the distance between the flange end face and the upper plane of the slider is 5mm. When the pressure rises to a pre-set 6Mpa and stop, tighten the connecting bolt with a wrench in a pressure-holding state.
Press the "return" button to raise the slider to the upper dead center and place the test anvil (metal pad) in the center of the worktable. The height of testing anvil should not be less than 500mm, the length and width should not be less than 600mm, the parallelism of upper and lower surfaces of testing anvil should be less than 0.02/500mm, and the sufficient strength to bear full load should be provided.
Adjust according to the accuracy standard specified in the certificate of conformity. Generally, the parallelism between the lower plane of the slider and the working table is adjusted first. The specific method is to adjust the four adjusting nuts under the upper beam after adding the pressure. After passing, tighten the four lock nuts above.
When the pilot valve "F2" is adjusted to stop at any position of the slider in the test running as described above, there shall be no sliding. However, it should be noted that the pressure value should ensure the need for the return force. When descending slowly, the pilot valve "F3" shall be adjusted to the upper cavity of the main cylinder, and the pressure value shall be less than 1Mpa.
The pressure range is generally 5MPa ~ 25Mpa, i.e. 60T ~ 315T. When the electric contact pressure gauge "F12" is adjusted, the pilot valve "F1" shall also be adjusted accordingly. Generally, the system pressure should be about 1Mpa higher than the predetermined pressure of the contact pressure gauge "F12". When is used when the pressure less than 5Mpa, table "F12" may have upthrust.
When drawing, the adjustment of pressure side force is pilot valve "F7", which should be fixed at 25Mpa. The adjustment of system pressure is pilot valve "F1", which is usually fixed at 25Mpa.
To measure the speed of each action stroke according to the requirements, and whether the movement of each unit of the travel limiter is reliable.
After the measurement of pressure protection performance, stop the vehicle under pressure, and the pressure drop of 10 minutes is required to be no more than 2Mpa.
Measure machine accuracy again
At this point, the whole commissioning of hydraulic press machine is finished and can be put into production.
Hydraulic Press Machine Maintenance
The recommended oil for hydraulic press machine is to be #32 and #46 anti-wear hydraulic oil, with oil temperature ranging from 15 to 60 ℃.
The oil should be strictly filtered before it is allowed add into the tank.
The working oil should be replaced once a year, and the first time replacement should not exceed three months.
The sliding block shall be lubricated frequently, and the appearance of the vertical column shall be kept clean frequently. The machine oil shall be injected before each work.
Under the nominal pressure of 500T, the maximum allowable eccentricity of the central load is 40mm. Excessive eccentricity can easily lead to post tension or other adverse phenomena.
Calibration and inspection of pressure gauges every six months;
When the machine is out of use for a long time, the surface of each part should be cleaned and coated with anti-rust oil.
First class maintenance
The hydraulic press machine runs for 500 hours for primary maintenance, mainly done by operators, and the maintenance workers cooperate.
First cut off the power supply and then carry out maintenance (see table below).
Maintenance details and requirements
External maintenance
1. Clean the outside surface of hydraulic press, maintain inside and outside clean, no rust.
2. Complete the missing screws, nuts, buttons, signs, etc.
Beam, column guide
1. Clean the outer surface of upper and lower beams and movable beams, as well as pillar, guide rail, slide block and press plate. Clean without oil, yellow robe and rust stain.
2. Remove the burrs on the bottom surface of the movable beam and the upper surface of the lower beam as well as on the pillar, guide rail and slider.
3. Check and tighten the fasteners of the beam and column guide rails.
Hydraulic, lubrication
1. Wipe and check the surface of oil pump, valve, oil tank and pipeline, clean, rust free, oil free, no yellow robe, no leakage.
2. Clean the oil cup, filter screen, dredge the oil road, the oil mark is clear.
3. Check the oil quality and quantity in the fuel tank, add lubricating oil as appropriate.
4. Check gauge
5. Check the lubrication of columns and guide rails.
1. Clean the electrical box without dirt or grease.
2. Check the integrity of the line, hose protection connection reliable, good performance.
3. Check the travel switch of movable beam, check whether the action is sensitive and reliable.
4. Safety protective cover, pillar protective cover complete and easy to use, foot pedal switch protective cover intact, safe and reliable.
5. Check and tighten the zero connecting device.
Second-class maintenance
1. Check and adjust the horizontal plane of the beam, guide rail, guide sleeve, slide block and press plate of the column so as to achieve smooth movement and meet the technical requirements.
2. Repair or replace defective parts.
1. Disassemble and repair solenoid valve, grinding valve and valve core.
2. Clean and inspect oil pump, cylinder and plunger, repair burrs and replace oil seal.
3. Check pressure gauges.
4. Repair or replace badly worn parts.
5. Start the hydraulic press machine to check whether the movement of each cylinder and plunger is smooth, no crawling. Check whether the support valve can stop the moving beam in any position accurately and the pressure drop meets the process requirements.
1. Clean motor, check bearing and replace grease.
2. Repair or replace damaged components.
3. The electrical appliances meet the requirements of the equipment standard.
1. Calibrate machine tool level, check, adjust and repair accuracy.
2. Accuracy in accordance with the equipment integrity standards.
Hydraulic Press Machine Troubleshooting
You can check out the common faults and troubleshooting solutions for hydraulic press machine in our previous written article.
Hydraulic Press Safety Rules
Those who do not understand the hydraulic press machine structure performance or operating procedures should not start the machine without permission.
The machine should not be overhauled or adjusted during operation.
When finds serious oil leakage or other abnormality in the hydraulic press (such as unreliable operation, loud noise, vibration, etc.), it should be stopped and the operator should analyze the reason and try to eliminate it.
Do not use if an overload or exceed the maximum eccentricity
It is strictly prohibited to exceed the maximum stroke of the slider, and the minimum closing height of the mold shall not be less than 600mm.
The grounding of electrical equipment must be firm and reliable.
At the end of each day, put the slider to the lowest position.
Hydraulic Press Tonnage Calculations
With the development of industry and the progress of hydraulic technology, the hydraulic press is used more and more widely in industrial production.
Whether you are a manufacturer or user of a hydraulic press, it is important to know how to calculate hydraulic press tonnage.
As a professional manufacturer, we will tell you how much force does a hydraulic press exert and how important it is.
To know the tonnage of the hydraulic cylinder, the first thing you need to know is the hydraulic system working pressure, and the hydraulic cylinder inner diameter and the outer diameter of cylinder rod (it will be needed when calculating the tensile force of hydraulic cylinder).
The equation for hydraulic press tonnage calculation formula:
Pushing force of hydraulic cylinder = Hydraulic cylinder inner section area (or the piston sectional area) × working pressure
Hydraulic cylinder inner section area = π*D2/4 = 3.14 × D2 ÷ 4
Working pressure: equals to the pressure shown on the pressure gauge during the maximum load operation
If hydraulic cylinder inner diameter = 10cm, working pressure = 16MPa (160kgf)
Hydraulic cylinder inner section area = 3.14×10×10÷4=78.5cm2
Pushing force = 78.5×160=12560kg=12.56Ton
In order to make it more easily, we make following hydraulic press tonnage calculator:
Through this formula, we can easily calculate the tonnage of the hydraulic press we purchased or we needed, and avoid buying equipment with low tonnage at the high price.
At the same time, we can calculate the working pressure of our own hydraulic press by this formula, so as to avoid the overload operation of the equipment and improve the service life and performance of the hydraulic press.
Buying Guide for Hydraulic Press Machine
Before you buy your hydraulic press machine, you must be wondering what exactly size hydraulic press do you need. I believe this problem can be easily solved if you use above mentioned hydraulic press tonnage calculation formula.
Then, where to buy the hydraulic press?
Many people will get confused at this point. You have many reasons to buy in different places. And there's a lot of good hydraulic press machine manufacturer around the world. However, the most cost-effective hydraulic press machine must be produced by China hydraulic press manufacturer.
Spend some time to find the most reliable and satisfied hydraulic press manufacturer, then you will get all the detailed specifications and cost of your desired hydraulic press.
How To Choose The Right Hydraulic Press?
Top 15 Hydraulic (Oil) Press Machine Manufacturers
Hydraulic Press Crushing Things
Many people would like to know things that can be crushed by a hydraulic press or things that can resist hydraulic press. I think this should be considered based on the different tonnage of the hydraulic press.
If you have a hydraulic press in your workshop, you can have a test and find out the result.
Maybe someday in the future, we will also try this out.
Hydraulic Press Terminology
Here we list 7 commonly used terminology for hydraulic press operation, the experienced engineers and operators must know all of them, but the new guy must don't. Let's dive into it.
The highest pressure at which a machine can be used continuously.
Motive seal
The sealing of the relative sliding part of the hydraulic press becomes a motive seal.
Hydraulic system circuit diagram represented by professional graphic symbols.
Hydraulic drive system
The hydraulic transmission device is a device that converts pressure of fluid into power.
Hydraulic pressure station
A hydraulic device consisting of a fuel tank, a hydraulic pump, a motor, a control valve, etc.
Hydraulic balance
The weight carried by balancing the pressure of the liquid, including the equipment of the hydraulic press itself.
Oil drainage
The return of oil from a pipe in a hydraulic device to a tank or a collector is called oil drain.
Difference Between Mechanical Press and Hydraulic Press
Hydraulic press drawing refers to positioning the blanking part in the mold when the hydraulic press is in the process of drawing, the blanking ring controls the flow of metal to form the hollow workpiece.
Generally speaking, deep drawing refers to the workpiece whose depth exceeds 1/2 of its diameter.
The blanking of the punching machine is made into the desired shape by cutting and punching the plate. The material can be a single sheet or a continuous long strip.
Stamping can be blanking, but it also includes forming, bending, flanging, hole punching processes.
If the drawing process is added to the punch machine on the basis of the blanking, the press can be called hydraulic punch press.
Generally speaking, the punching machine has a simple structure, fast production speed and high efficiency. It is suitable for large quantity and simple blanking forming.
And the hydraulic press is suitable for the production of the medium and small batch, there is a requirement for accuracy and depth, changeable shape, have precise requirements for the slider velocity, pressure and position, fabrication according to the order.
Therefore, when customers choose to purchase processing machinery, they should choose a suitable hydraulic press or mechanical press according to the actual processing demand.
Hydraulic Press V.S Hydraulic Jack
5 Ton Hydraulic Jack vs 500 Ton Hydraulic Press
Conslusion
By reading the above content, I think you already have a deep understanding of the hydraulic press. If you are seeking to buy a hydraulic press for your workshop, this article on how to buy a hydraulic press may help you.
Of course, you can also contact us to get the quotation of the hydraulic press.
Four Column Hydraulic Press: The Basic Guide
The Ultimate Guide to Metal Deep Drawing
Top 10 Crankshaft Machine Tool Manufacturers in China
Stamping / January 5, 2023 January 5, 2023
How to Make Stainless Steel Sinks? (20 Steps)
The Ultimate Guide to Metal Forming
26 thoughts on "Hydraulic Press Machine 101: Everything You Need to Know Explained"
Abilash Shankar
We are about to purchase a hydraulic press for our production how can I identify which tonnage is suitable for my work. please suggest.
MachineMfg
In this post we have taught you how to calculate the required tonnage of the hydraulic press, pls read it again.
Bjorn Fresvik
Which press construction method is preferred in case of significant off-center loads?
What is normal off-center load design limit for most press suppliers? (Nm)
lucas dublanc
hello, do you export to Argentina?
benja meen
what is the running time of press per a day
That depends.
Ted M. Figgins
What kind of material are used on the columns on a large press 1060? where can you buy it in USA
Hi, I am a student. First of all, thank you very much for the useful information you provided. I am trying to use parts of this information in a research but it seems that the website does not allow copying of the content. Do I need a license or premission and how can i get it??
Sorry, our site doesn't support copy now.
How much pressure is suitable for concrete cover block making machine
RAFAEL BATISTA DE PAULA
Hi, could you help me ? What is the service life of a hydraulic plate vulcanizing system with plate dimensions of 2700 x10,000 with 12 cylinders? Can you recommend articles to me? or sites that talk about the useful life of machines like this? hydraulic units and etc. ? :) Do you know something about this too ? :)


text:
UAlbany women's soccer coach resigns, assumes position with Special Olympics
by: UAlbany Athletics
ALBANY, N.Y. (NEWS10) — After two seasons at the helm, Leigh Howard has announced her resignation as head coach of UAlbany women's soccer. Howard will assume the position of Director of Program and Unified Sports for Special Olympics New York.
"I am very grateful for the time I have spent leading the women's soccer program at UAlbany," said Howard. "I am especially appreciative of the guidance and support provided by my staff, Mark Benson, Cara White, and our larger Great Dane community. I have a long-standing passion for the nonprofit sector and connecting people through sport. I am excited for the opportunity to explore this passion full-time with Special Olympics New York."
"We thank Leigh for her contributions to our women's soccer program," said Director of Athletics Mark Benson. "Leigh stepped into a very difficult situation when hired at UAlbany. I don't think anyone could predict she wouldn't have the opportunity to coach her first game until more than a year had passed due to COVID-19. She successfully led the program during the pandemic, once again bringing our Great Danes to the postseason. We wish her well in her future endeavors."
The Great Danes finished Howard's tenure with an overall record of 11-13-4, and a conference record of 8-5-2 with one appearance in the America East Tournament, the program's first since the 2018 season. During that time, the team boasted seven All-Conference honors, highlighted by Jasmine Colbert being named America East Striker of the Year during the spring 2021 season.
Assistant coach CC Cobb will take over as interim head coach. A national search for UAlbany's next head women's soccer coach will begin immediately.
Follow the sports team on Twitter:
Liana Bonavita
Griffin Haas
Jared Phillips
Niagara snaps Siena's win streak at five
Glens Falls native basketball star brings kindness to Corinth
North Country / 10 hours ago
More Local Sports
MEET THE NEWS10 SPORTS TEAM
A Twitter List by WTEN


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pyVmomi Scripts [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/jreypo/pyvmomi-scripts.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/jreypo/pyvmomi-scripts)
---------------

Scripts to autmate different vSphere tasks. Written in Python with [pyVmomi](https://github.com/vmware/pyvmomi), the Python SDK for the vSphere API. Some of the scripts are converted from Perl or PowerCLI versions I had in my personal toolbox, I simply re-developed them in Python and tested against newest vSphere versions.

Also I've contributed them to the [pyVmomi Community Samples](https://github.com/vmware/pyvmomi-community-samples) repository.

The list includes for now:
- `reconfigure_host_for_ha.py` - Performs a *Reconfigure for HA* operation on an ESXi host that is part of vSphere HA cluster.


text:
The Twenty-sixth Italian Report on Migrations 2020
Diasporabusiness.eu: on line le idee imprenditoriali di migranti africani per attrarre investitori – Comunicato stampa 14.4.2021
Integrazione, Asilo, Lavoro, Salute e welfare, Religioni, educazione e intercultura, europa, statistica
XXVI ISMU Report on migrations 2020
Pubblicato da ISMU_editor a 13 Aprile 2021
Migration to Italy and Europe in the Covid era
22 April 2021, 3.00 pm – 4.00 pm CET
Online meeting on Youtube and Twitter
The webinar discusses the major trends concerning migration to Italy and Europe, as illustrated by the 26th Annual Report on Migrations, the ISMU Foundation's flagship publication. While analysing the enduring effects of the pandemic on migration flows to Italy and the EU as well as on the lives of migrants in Italy, the Report examines current developments in the European governance of this complex phenomenon.
The webinar sheds light on future prospects and challenges of migration management through a presentation of the most recent data.
he 26th Report on migrations by ISMU Foundation, now in its thirtieth year of operation, situates migration phenomena in Italy within the broader framework of the sudden outbreak and spread of COVID-19. The report analyzes the enduring impact of the pandemic on migration flows as well as on foreign residents in Italy.
Statistical aspects and analyses of health, labour, and education are complemented with an in-depth study of the Italian legal framework, with particular regard to the most important legislative innovation on migration introduced in 2020: the regularization of migrant workers.
The report is further complemented with detailed analyses of the link between immigration, politics, and the media, of racism, and of discrimination during the pandemic. Finally, the report devotes particular attention to the European arena, focusing on the new perspectives for European migration policy.
The Twenty-sixth Italian Report on Migrations 2020 is a shorter version of the Italian edition
Fondazione ISMU, Ventiseiesimo Rapporto sulle migrazioni 2020, FrancoAngeli, Milano
MIGRANTS IN ITALY: FACTS AND FIGURES
The speakers
Alessia Di Pascale
Alessia Di Pascale is Associate Professor of European Union Law at the University of Milan (Faculty of Law) where she teaches migration law.
She deals mainly with the legal profiles of immigration and asylum policies of the European Union.
She is a member for Italy of the Odysseus network, which brings together European experts on issues of immigration and asylum law. Lawyer, she is part of the Commission of European Union Law at the Milan Bar Association. She is a member of the Board of Directors of AISDUE, the Italian Association of European Union Law Scholars.
She is among the founders of the Coordinated Research Center "Migration and Human Rights", established in 2020 at the University of Milan. Coordinator in Milan University, of the UNICORE project (University Corridors for Refugees), promoted with the support of UNHCR and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Patrick Doelle
Patrick Doelle is an official of the Directorate-General Migration and Home Affairs of the European Commission and based since 2016 at the Representation of the European Commission in Rome, from where he provides migration management support to Italy and Malta.
Massimo Gaudina
Massimo Gaudina, is the head of the Representation of the European Commission in Milan since 1 September 2017. From 2009 to 2017, Massimo Gaudina was Head of the Communication Unit at the European Research Council (ERC) in Brussels. He planned and coordinated the ERC communication strategy, promoting its calls for proposals and success stories.
Between 2007 and 2009 he worked in the Commission's Directorate-General for Communication, where he was responsible for partnerships with Member States on communication actions, for the "European public spaces" project (spaces open to the public in the buildings of the European Commission of various Member States, where citizens can deepen their knowledge of the EU) and initiatives aimed at young people and schools. Between 2004 and 2007 he worked at the European Commission representation in Rome and, among the tasks performed, he organized the celebrations for the 50th anniversary of the Treaties of Rome and launched the European Public Space at the offices of the representation. Massimo Gaudina started working for the European Commission in 1994 as a communications manager and before that, he worked as a journalist in Italy. With a degree in Political Science at the University of Turin, Massimo Gaudina, in addition to Italian which is his mother tongue, is fluent in English, French, Spanish and has a basic knowledge of Swedish.
Guia Gilardoni
Guia Gilardoni is an international Research Project Manager at ISMU Foundation. She is a member of the Board of Directors and of the External Affairs Committee of IMISCOE. She has extensive experience in strategic planning, broad project design and management skills (EIF, AMIF, H2020).
Livia Ortensi
Livia Elisa Ortensi holds a PhD in Statistics and is Senior Assistant Professor in Demography at the Department of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati" of the University of Bologna. She leads the statistical unit of ISMU Foundation since 2019. She is Associate Editor of the journal BMC Public Health.
The XXVI ISMU Report on migration will be downloadable at www.ismu.org/en in Open Access format
#ISMU26 #MigrationToItaly #MigrationReport