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2020 Best Books of the Year
Jamaluddin Aram
Jamaluddin Aram was selected and mentored by author Michael Christie for the Writers' Trust Mentorship. Aram was also a short fiction finalist for this year's RBC Bronwen Wallace Award for Emerging Writers for his story "This Hard Easy Life."
Plainsong by Kent Haruf
The General in His Labyrinth by Gabriel Garcia Marquez
The Beggar's Garden by Michael Christie
I Wanted to Write a Poem: The Autobiography of the Works of a Poet by William Carlos Williams
16 Categories of Desire by Douglas Glover
A Daring Young Man: A Biography of William Saroyan by John Leggett
The Green House by Mario Vargas Llosa
The Book of Secrets by M.G. Vassanji
Selected Poems by Antonio Machado
The Best Times: An Informal Memoir by John Dos Passos
The Blood Oranges by John Hawkes
Carleigh Baker was selected this year as a Writers' Trust Rising Star by writer Thomas King.
There were times in 2020 when I feared I might just read Twitter posts forever, but I managed to squeeze a few books in here and there. Jillian Christmas' The Gospel of Breaking is just what my heart needed.
Love after the End, the anthology edited by Joshua Whitehead, is so good — nonstop hits.
Junie Désil's eat salt | gaze at the ocean. Thomas King's 77 Fragments of a Familiar Ruin.
And, while I was marinating in my own despair one afternoon, my sweetheart came home with a book for me by Deborah Levy called Things I Don't Want to Know, which I'm now re-reading for the third time. It's a book about writing, but not about how to write. More importantly, it's about crying on escalators, which I am a big fan of.
Greg Bechtel
Greg Bechtel is the current writer-in-residence at Berton House.
I'm terrible at picking favourites — that old saw about apples and oranges, which doesn't even dare touch anything like durian — so instead, here are a few Canadian-authored books that I happen to be reading right now, plus a list of several more that have accumulated on the Berton House bedside table, and which I have thoroughly enjoyed reading in 2020.
Candas Jane Dorsey is best known for her prize-winning, gorgeously written, and exuberantly, innovatively queer feminist science fiction — so colour me entirely unsurprised to find that her first mystery novel, The Adventures of Isabel, is brilliantly written, gender-and-genre bending, and immensely fun while nonetheless elegantly and insightfully touching on a variety of social issues. Isabel is an unemployed social worker considering sex-work as a backup plan when she gets hired to investigate the murder of her friend's granddaughter (who was herself a sex-worker). As a narrator, Isabel is irreverent, smart, and funny, with a tendency to grammar-police the world around her; every major character is revealed as more than they seem in ways that feel both surprising and plausible; and the plot moves at breakneck speed without ever sacrificing depth of character, humour, or crackling dialogue. I picked it up last night, laughed out loud several times within the first 10 pages and kept reading until the wee hours of the morning, entirely unable to put it down.
For the past few weeks, I've also been rereading C.J. Lavigne's In Veritas in small doses, savouring each sentence and chapter. This novel's gorgeous language and pyrotechnic structural play — facilitated in large part by its deeply synaesthetic protagonist — are all in service of the story, which is one of the freshest (and most believable) takes on magic in the so-called "real world" that I've read in a long time. Add to that a (maybe) angel, a magician, and a dog who's a snake who's a shadow, all in contemporary Ottawa, and I was sold. And then, having followed the twisty plot to its end, I couldn't resist going back to reread and luxuriate in the elegance of the writing.
I'm also currently reading Kai Cheng Thom's collection of essays and poetry, I Hope We Choose Love: A Trans Girl's Notes from the End of the World. It is not an "easy read," but it feels (to me, at least) like an important one. The book emerges from Thom's experience of (and deep investment in) queer social justice activism, as well as her own personal stories, and dares to imagine that this broken world we live in could be better than it is — without ever abandoning keen intellect, insightful critique, or empathy. And it's that last part that really gets me: the empathy. The essays and poetry are simultaneously raw, beautiful, and elegant in their explicit self-exposure of moral imperfection, wrestling with how to embrace the inevitable messiness of human interaction in their attempts to explore how one might ethically, empathically, and radically give, accept, and share love in a profoundly unjust world.
Other Books on the Berton House bedside table (all read and enjoyed in 2020):
Beneath the Rising by Premee Mohamed
This is How You Lose the Time War by Amal El-Mohtar & Max Gladstone
The City We Became by N.K. Jemisin
The Empress of Forever by Max Gladstone
Ruin of Angels by Max Gladstone
Bury Your Horses by Dan Dowhal
Gideon the Ninth by Tamsyn Muir
Adam Chapnick
Adam Chapnick was a finalist for this year's Shaughnessy Cohen Prize for Political Writing for his book Canada on the United Nations Security Council: A Small Power on a Large Stage.
Hugh Segal's memoir, Bootstraps Need Boots: One Tory's Lonely Fight to End Poverty in Canada, is an outstanding reminder that there is still a place in Canadian political life for empathy, reason, and a genuine commitment to social justice. Its pages radiate conviction and its lucid prose makes it the kind of book you want to read in a single sitting. I finished it nearly a year ago and it's still with me today.
Outside of work, I am quite committed to personal fitness. In that context, I found Christie Aschwanden's Good to Go: What the Athlete in All of Us Can Learn from the Strange Science of Recovery eye-opening. Aschwanden's emphasis on the importance of sleep has made a tangible difference to the way that I live my life.
Lorna Crozier
Lorna Crozier was a finalist for this year's Hilary Weston Writers' Trust Prize for Nonfiction for her memoir Through the Garden: A Love Story (with Cats).
Steven Price's Lampedusa is such a brilliant book that though it came out last year, I read it again, just for the beauty of the sentences. He creates characters you'll never forget but with a poet's eye and ear. Every sentence is a song. The other book of fiction I'll go back to again and again is John Gould's The End of Me, written in the form he excels in, the short-short story. Each is a gem, witty, deep, metaphysical and so satisfying to a reader.
My favourite book of 2020 nonfiction is Emily Urquhart's The Age of Creativity: Art, Memory, My Father, and Me. Featuring her octogenarian father, she explores what happens to creativity as one ages. I loved the personal anecdotes about her relationship with her artist father, but I also became engaged with her research and, being in my 70s, was filled with hope for what I might accomplish in my waning years.
Finally, who wouldn't celebrate a new book of poetry by Margaret Atwood? Dearly revisits some of the objects and persona of her earlier work, like sirens (not the wail of ambulances but the mythical, destructive beings who lure sailors to their deaths), mushrooms, and the destruction of the natural world, but it also covers new territory — the heartbreaking aftermath of her husband's death and the angst of being alone.
nina jane drystek
nina jane drystek was a poetry finalist for this year's RBC Bronwen Wallace Award for Emerging Writers for her collection "c:ode."
When it comes to looking ahead for the year, I don't often know what to expect, in life as much as in books, and this year was no exception. Finishing books in the to-read pile, book-swapping with friends, readings for workshops and new books from my favourite writers/publishers were some of the things that drove my 2020 reading habits. Here are some books that stood out in those categories.
from the to-read pile:
This Is How You Lose the Time War by Amal El-Mohtar and Max Gladstone
Census by Jesse Ball
Bone Black by Carol Rose GoldenEagle
from book-swapping:
Obits. by Tess Liem
Greenwood by Michael Christie
Jazz by Toni Morrison
from workshops:
The Collected Poetry of Bob Kaufman
Two Women Talking by Bronwen Wallace and Erin Mouré
Dictee by Theresa Hak Kyung Cha
new books:
Washes, Prays by Noor Naga
Render by Sachiko Murakami
The Gospel of Breaking by Jillian Christmas
OO: Typewriter Poems by Dani Spinosa
The Truth About Facts by Bart Vautour
Found Words From Olivetti by Hiromi Suzuki
Repetition Nineteen by Monica de la Torre
Still Here by Amy Stuart
The Subtweet by Vivek Shraya
The Skin We're In: A Year of Black Resistance and Power by Desmond Cole
Lisa Foad
Lisa Foad was a finalist for this year's Writers' Trust McClelland & Stewart Journey Prize for her short story "Hunting."
How to Pronounce Knife by Souvankham Thammavongsa
How Much of These Hills Is Gold by C Pam Zhang
A History of My Brief Body by Billy-Ray Belcourt
My Dark Vanessa by Kate Elizabeth Russell
Hurricane Season by Fernanda Melchor
Breasts and Eggs by Mieko Kawakami
The Vanishing Half by Brit Bennett
Little Eyes by Samanta Schweblin
Weather by Jenny Offill
Luster by Raven Leilani
Omer Friedlander
Omer Friedlander was a short fiction finalist for this year's RBC Bronwen Wallace Award for Emerging Writers for his story "Palestinian Still Life."
Part of the difficulty of this strange year was being stuck in lockdown at home in Tel-Aviv, so I think I gravitated naturally towards books which took me far away. My favorites were Kiran Desai's The Inheritance of Loss, Hassan Blasim's The Corpse Exhibition: And Other Stories of Iraq, and Hannah Tinti's The Good Thief.
I also loved Nicole Krauss's Forest Dark, which was set very close to home, in my own neighborhood in Tel-Aviv, and made me see it anew.
The book I am most looking forward to reading, but haven't had the chance to yet, is Souvankham Thammavongsa's collection How to Pronounce Knife.
Zsuzsi Gartner
Zsuzsi Gartner was a finalist for this year's Writers' Trust Fiction Prize for her novel The Beguiling.
Although 2020 has radically sucked in more ways than one, it's been a great one for reading. Here's a (kind of) acrostic to celebrate some of my favourite reads of the plague year:
Consent: Annabel's Lyon's new novel is a sizzling, unsentimental story of two sets of sisters with a delicious undercurrent of thriller-like plotting.
Old Filth: Jane Gardam's celebrated trilogy is a witty and poignant chronicle of the British Empire's 20th century, written with enviable economy.
Vancouver for Beginners: Alex Leslie (my vote for next poet laureate of the city!) upends paradise in stunning prose poems reminiscent of Italo Calvino's Invisible Cities.
DelIcate Edible Birds: American writer Lauren Groff's indelible first collection is a magic trick of empathy and imagination, much like her mesmerizing Florida.
GooD Citizens Need Not Fear: Writers' Trust Fiction Prize finalist Maria Reva's bravado stories are so unflinching, darkly hilarious, and politically astute that my brain is still all lit up.
Stephen Heighton
Steven Heighton was a finalist for this year's Hilary Weston Writers' Trust Prize for Nonfiction for his memoir Reaching Mithymna: Among the Volunteers and Refugees on Lesvos.
I'll confine myself to books I've read in the last couple months. First, the nonfiction books of my colleagues shortlisted for the Hilary Weston Writers' Trust Prize for Nonfiction. The Writers' Trust was good enough to send each of us the other finalists' books; these four wonderful memoirs became my reading list for the weeks that followed:
Through the Garden: A Love Story (with Cats) by Lorna Crozier
Two Trees Make a Forest: In Search of My Family's Past Among Taiwan's Mountains and Coasts by Jessica J. Lee
Shame on Me: An Anatomy of Race and Belonging by Tessa McWatt
The Way Home by David A. Neel
Second, four other books connected only by merit:
A House in Memory: Last Poems by David Helwig, edited by Maggie Helwig
Living Between Worlds: Finding Personal Resilience in Changing Times by James Hollis
alfabet / alphabet: a memoir of a first language by Sadiqa de Meijer
Moments of Glad Grace: A Memoir by Alison Wearing
Lorax B. Horne
Lorax B. Horne was selected this year as a Writers' Trust Rising Star by writer Rachel Giese.
These are the books that marked my reading this year:
There's Something in the Water: Environmental Racism in Indigenous & Black Communities by Ingrid R. G. Waldron
decolonizing trans/gender 101 by b. binaohan
I Hope We Choose Love: A Trans Girl's Notes from the End of the World by Kai Cheng Thom
The Brief Reincarnation of a Girl by Sue Goyette
Disintegrate/Dissociate by Arielle Twist
Kitten Clone by Douglas Coupland
Crisis of Conscience: Whistleblowing in an Age of Fraud by Tom Mueller
Pacifying the Homeland: Intelligence Fusion and Mass Supervision by Brendan McQuade
Beyond the Gender Binary by Alok Vaid-Menon
David Huebert
David Huebert was a finalist for this year's Writers' Trust McClelland & Stewart Journey Prize for his story "Chemical Valley."
Waking Ground by shalan joudry
joudry's poetics are a wildering, an astonishment. Steeped in the land and history of Mi'kma'ki, this book both cultivates crucial awareness of its moment and articulates vital and forward-looking eco-poetic thought.
Go Ahead in the Rain: Notes to A Tribe Called Quest by Hanif Abdurraqib
Abdurraqib is a reckoning. Deep recommendation for all music lovers. It is a total joy to think inside the lyric beat of this work. And then you get to listen to A Tribe Called Quest while losing your wallet in El Segundo.
Arcadia by Lauren Groff
Communal living. Bliss-dys-topia. Groff's sentences split me open.
Anosh Irani
Anosh Irani was a selector this year for the Writers' Trust Rising Stars. He selected Canisia Lubrin.
Kolyma Stories by Varlam Shalamov
The Largesse of The Sea Maiden by Denis Johnson
The Certainties by Aislinn Hunter
Who Killed My Father by Édouard Louis
Collected Poems in English by Arun Kolatkar
The Time of Your Life by William Saroyan
Jessica Johns
Jessica Johns won this year's Writers' Trust McClelland & Stewart Journey Prize for her short story "Bad Cree."
I had a really difficult time reading in 2020. I found it hard to pay attention, to sit still for long, and to focus. The following books made me think and feel, and they absolutely mesmerized. They took me out of my world and into their pages for a short period. Which, in these times, was a real gift. In short, these books are magic and should be read by all!
A Song of Wraiths and Ruin by Roseanne A. Brown
it was never going to be okay by jaye simpson
In the Dream House: A Memoir by Carmen Maria Machado
Freshwater by Akwaeke Emezi
Dawn by Octavia E. Butler
Harold R. Johnson
Harold R. Johnson was a finalist for this year's Shaughnessy Cohen Prize for Political Writing for his book Peace and Good Order: The Case for Indigenous Justice in Canada.
This year I have read fantasy exclusively. There is enough drama in the world now that I prefer the gentler worlds where there are dragons and swords and adventurers and magic — especially magic. While locked down, I read the entire Wheel of Time series by Robert Jordan.
When I finished that, I read everything I could find by Brandon Sanderson, The Witcher series by Andrezej Sapkowski, and The Broken Earth Trilogy by N.K. Jemisin. Jemisin has an amazing ability with words. Every writer can improve their craft by reading her. It's been an interesting year.
Thomas King was a finalist for this year's Writers' Trust Fiction Prize for his novel Indians on Vacation. King was also a selector this year for the Writers' Trust Rising Stars. He selected Carleigh Baker.
Here are some favourites. As you see, I've called out novels as well as one work of nonfiction. I've always thought that the line between good fiction and good nonfiction is largely an illusion. Good writing is good writing. Period.
Son of the Morning Star: Custer and The Little Bighorn by Evan S. Connell
Love Medicine by Louise Erdich
Bad Endings by Carleigh Baker
Runaway by Alice Munro
Open by Lisa Moore
If I Fall, If I Die by Michael Christie
Medicine Walk by Richard Wagamese
Dennis Lee
Dennis Lee was the winner of this year's Matt Cohen Award: In Celebration of a Writing Life.
My reading this year was as random as ever. These were some highlights.
The Discovery of Insulin by Michael Bliss
I'm involved with the Toronto Legacy Project, which puts plaques on the homes of notable men and women here. That led us to Bliss's magisterial account. The story is a knockout (sometimes almost literally — as when Frederick Banting, the insulin saint, tries to pummel the living daylights out of one of his collaborators). And the writing is a marvel of intelligence and pacing. Why didn't somebody tell me about this book before?
The Caiplie Caves by Karen Solie
Solie is in the vanguard of Canadian poets — somehow both tentative and centred, simultaneously super-intelligent and full of deep feeling and moral concern. Her fifth collection is no exception, though the setting (seventh-century Scotland) takes us somewhere new. I loved the one that starts, "I need to call it something, if I'm to curse it."
Letters: Summer 1926 by Boris Pasternak, Marina Tsvetayeva, Rainer Maria Rilke
If you think Canadian poets are off-the-wall nutters, you should try the Russians. In this documentary collection, the young contenders Pasternak and Tsvetayeva set out to woo their idol Rilke (as well as each other) with a flurry of flattering letters. None of them have met in person, but what could possibly go wrong? The subsequent soap opera of inspired intensity and calamitous narcissism goes right over the top.
No Pain Like This Body by Harold Sonny Ladoo
The classic novella by the Trinidadian/Canadian writer, who was killed at 28. Full disclosure: I edited the book in 1971, and I wanted to see if it stood up today. If anything, it's even more potent and scarifying than I remembered. Ladoo's recreation of East Indian peasant life in Trinidad in 1905 is implacable, and his prose and dialogue just dance. He had a magic ear, and titanic ambitions.
And two books I'm itching to read:
Swivelmount by Ken Babstock
Like Solie, Babstock is a major talent who's forging his own path. He's inimitable, maddening, breathtaking. What's he up to now? I'm all ears.
The Night Fire by Michael Connelly
I need a regular fix of Harry Bosch, the falling-apart, up-yours, truth-haunted homicide detective in L.A. And now he has a new cop partner, Renée Ballard, who's equally brilliant and has demons of her own. Cue it up.
Jessica J. Lee
Jessica J. Lee won this year's Hilary Weston Writers' Trust Prize for Nonfiction for her memoir Two Trees Make a Forest: In Search of My Family's Past Among Taiwan's Mountains and Coasts.
Like many, I really struggled to focus this year, and that carried into my reading habits. I found myself scrolling my phone more often than reading, but the few short books I really devoted myself to were perhaps all the more powerful for it. I found myself dipping back into Doretta Lau's How Does a Single Blade of Grass Thank the Sun? for its cutting, memorable short stories.
Nina Mingya Powles' food memoir, Tiny Moons: A Year of Eating in Shanghai, transported me to a warm, pastel-skied summer in China. It is light, vivid, and evocative of food and place.
And this autumn, Toronto-based author Sennah Yee's picture book, My Day with Gong Gong, had me weeping — this story of a young girl and her grandfather out for a day in Chinatown is one I needed as a child.
Canisia Lubrin
Canisia Lubrin was selected this year as a Writers' Trust Rising Star by writer Anosh Irani.
This is a year that never ends. It cannot, by any true measure, end, though much has stopped, much has changed, much remains — too unfortunately — the same. For me, this year of global grief and Black uprising began with little reading. And now in November, I have had some hours with books that have somehow thrown an otherwise weight against the cycle of ending-stopping-changing-sameness. What's more? There's the many more books I will get to when a window opens again.
An Alphabet for Joanna: A Portrait of My Mother in 26 Fragments by Damian Rogers
Dominoes at the Crossroads by Kaie Kellough
Bittersweet by Natasha Ramoutar
Shared Universe by Paul Vermeersch
The Only Card in a Deck of Knives by Lauren Turner
Manifest by Terese Mason Pierre
Roguelike by Mathew Henderson
Cephalopography 2.0 by Rasiqra Revulva
Ask About Language As If It Forgets by Hoa Nguyen
The Outer Wards by Sediqa de Meijer
rushes from the river disappointment by stephanie roberts
Divine Animal by Brandon Wint
Murmurations by Annick MacAskill
Robyn Maynard
Robyn Maynard was a finalist for this year's Dayne Ogilvie Prize for LGBTQ Emerging Writers.
An Autobiography of the Autobiography of Reading by Dionne Brand
Noopiming: The Cure for White Ladies by Leanne Betasamosake Simpson
100 Days by Juliane Okot Bitek
Tessa McWatt
Tessa McWatt was a finalist for this year's Hilary Weston Writers' Trust Prize for Nonfiction for her memoir Shame on Me: An Anatomy of Race and Belonging.
I treasure lists of things to read; I have treasured them for the decades that I have been shown by those wiser and more learned than I am how to be and act in a particular historical moment — this ever-renewing present. In this current moment, though, I want action. I want space for real change. COVID-19 is a truthsayer. Truths previously silenced beneath the din of so-called productivity have become blatantly obvious in the last 10 months. The scaffolding of how we live in inequality has been duly exposed. We are in need of radical changes, with radical, mutual care at the heart of them. So instead of a list, I want to ask you to read everything you can that supports you to act. That supports deep structural change to how we have been living, because it has not served us all, and until we are all free I am not free. So please, read about Black critical aesthetics, Indigenous radical resistance, compassionate socialism, critiques of capitalism and the politics of global environmentalism. Read these with urgency. With your heart. But also read with your feet. Stand in a place to take it back. For all of us. To take it back from violence, from extinction. To reinvent how we live.
Leah Mol
Leah Mol was the short fiction winner for this year's RBC Bronwen Wallace Award for Emerging Writers for her story "Six Things My Father Taught Me About Bears."
I read some great books this year, so I made this easier by limiting my list to books published in 2020. I still have a huge to-be-read pile for 2020, but here are my favourites so far:
Pizza Girl by Jean Kyoung Frazier
I love this book! It'll likely be the first 2020-published book I reread, and I'm excited just thinking about it.
This is a brilliant book. Luster strongly reinforces my love for debuts.
I'm always up for a short story that's actually short, especially when an author can pack in as much empathy for their characters as Thammavongsa does.
Missing from the Village by Justin Ling
Ling is an incredible journalist, and the care that went into this book is evident. He writes about the complexities of people, family, and community with zero sensationalism.
Eartheater by Dolores Reyes, trans. by Julia Sanches
A perfect mix of magic realism, mystery, and coming-of-age. Lovely, lovely book.
In the Dream House by Carmen Maria Machado
So, yes, technically this memoir was published in 2019, but it only came out in November, and it's so amazing that it only seems fair to give it an extra year of love. One of the best books I've read in the last decade.
Rhiannon Ng
Rhiannon Ng was selected and mentored by author Liz Howard this year for the Writers' Trust Mentorship.
The Outer Harbour by Wayde Compton
The Social Life of DNA: Race, Reparations, and Reconciliation After the Genome by Alondra Nelson
river woman by Katherena Vermette
All Our Wonder Unavenged, re-read in fond memory of Don Domanski (1950-2020)
Lishai Peel
Lishai Peel was selected and mentored this year by author Ayelet Tsabari for the Writers' Trust Mentorship.
This year, I've been deep in the world of literary memoir. I began the year by reading Camilla Gibb, This Is Happy. She writes with such frank vulnerability and precision. Her book left me with so much to think about as a mother and a writer, navigating loss while raising a child.
During my mentorship with Ayelet Tsabari, I read her second book, The Art of Leaving. Brilliant and generous and full of stories that have been largely untold within the world of Canadian Jewish literature. Her book, along with her guidance and mentorship, paved the way for my own writing, and gave me the courage to pen underrepresented stories from my own Indian Jewish context.
I loved reading Dear Current Occupant by Chelene Knight. How she brings together memoir and poetry is truly exceptional.
Other writing that inspired me this year: How to Pronounce Knife by Souvankham Thammavongsa, a new book of poetry by Natalie Diaz, Postcolonial Love Poem, and lots of children's literature by Fanny Britt, Isabelle Arsenault, and Kyo Maclear.
Maria Reva
Maria Reva was a finalist for this year's Writers' Trust Fiction Prize for her story collection Good Citizens Need Not Fear.
Field Notes from an Unintentional Birder: A Memoir by Julia Zarankin
A book about learning to stand still and really seeing the world around you. A calming read.
Undermajordomo Minor by Patrick DeWitt
I read this for an escape. Hilarious with whip-smart dialogue.
Quit Like a Millionaire: No Gimmicks, Luck, Or Trust Fund Required by Bryce Leung and Kristy Shen.
An accessible and engaging guide to debt management, aggressive saving, index investing, and financial independence.
Your Money or Your Life by Vicki Robin
Explores the notion of mindful spending (as opposed to restrictive crash-diet budgeting). During the lockdown, I went down a personal finance rabbit hole and both books have been an inspiration.
Another nifty resource is Everything You Never Wanted to Know About Taxes by Joel Fishbane, available as a PDF through The Writers' Union of Canada.
Kent Roach
Kent Roach was a finalist for this year's Shaughnessy Cohen Prize for Political Writing for his book Canadian Justice, Indigenous Injustice: The Gerald Stanley and Colten Boushie Case.
For fiction, I have enjoyed Thomas King's Indians on Vacation and Louise Erdich's The Night Watchman.
For nonfiction, I would recommend Justin Ling's Missing from the Village and the amazing collection Fight of the Century where (mostly) fiction writers reflect on leading cases involving the American Civil Liberties Union.
Armand Garnet Ruffo
Armand Garnet Ruffo was the winner of this year's Latner Writers' Trust Poetry Prize.
Not long ago I read Paul O'Hara's A Trail Called Home, which I thoroughly enjoyed. His knowledge about trees in southern Ontario is impressive.
I also finally found time to read Esi Edugyan's novel Washington Black and got to Michelle Good's Five Little Indians.
While I was raking leaves, because I happily live under some big trees, I managed to listen to Souvankham Thammavongsa's How to Pronounce Knife as an audio book.
As for poetry, I like to take my time; I'm currently perusing the anthologies Watch Your Head: Writers and Artists Respond to The Climate Crisis and Best Canadian Poetry 2020. I really like reading anthologies because I'm always discovering new voices, such as Brandi Bird in Best Canadian Poetry.
Kerri Sakamoto
Kerri Sakamoto was the winner of this year's Engel Findley Award.
"Island Hopping Book Recommendations"
In tribute to one of Canada's literary trailblazers, I recently crawled back into the lair of Marian Engel's provocative The Bear. With a winter of hibernation upon us, it will warm the reader's soul and, dare I say, other regions. "She loved him with such an extravagance that the rest of the world had turned into a tight meaningless knot, except for the landscape, which remained outside them, neutral, having its own orgasms of summer weather." It's as exquisite and exhilarating as ever.
Passions and turbulent weather also swirl at the heart of Catherine Bush's Blaze Island, which I've just set aside to write this. The author's meticulously lush and forceful poetry sweeps the reader right into the eye of an earth-shattering storm of existential consequence, from which she dares us to look away. It's a page-turner that confers a moral imperative for our time.
From The Bear's lair of Cary's Island to Blaze Island, I'm hopping to Arturo's Island, written by the late, great Italian writer Elsa Morante in a new translation by Ann Goldstein (esteemed translator of Elena Ferrante's novels). This is a wrenching yet enchanting fable of a boy left to wander alone on the Neapolitan isle of Procida, yearning for a love that is brutally denied him. Like The Bear and Blaze Island, Arturo's Island depicts the havoc and turbulence of our souls as wreaked upon our physical world.
Zoe Imani Sharpe
Zoe Imani Sharpe was a poetry finalist for this year's RBC Bronwen Wallace Award for Emerging Writers for her collection "Selection from [CA$H4GOLD]."
Margaret Christakos' charger, Cassandra Blanchard's Fresh Pack of Smokes, and stephanie roberts' rushes from the river disappointment are poetry collections I've returned to many times this year.
Rosemary Sullivan was a selector this year for the Writers' Trust Rising Stars. She selected Laura Trethewey.
Books That Help in a COVID Blur:
The Age of Creativity: Art, Memory, My Father and Me by Emily Urquhart
A woman sits at a bar that feels like it's in Montparnasse and looks in the mirror at herself and her father. They look like a Flemish still life painting. He says: "Who's the old guy in the mirror?" So begins Urquhart's wonderful journey into her father's lifetime of art. He is losing his memory to Alzheimer's, but he still paints. Does creativity diminish in old age? His daughter marshals the experience of other artists and speaks with such depth and naturalness of their work that you understand what it might mean to live with art as the fabric of your life. A celebration of life in an elegiac tone, just right for our COVID times.
The Back of the Turtle by Thomas King
Though it was written in 2014, I didn't find this book until now. How to describe the way Thomas King imbues the natural world with his own indigenous spirituality? A dog that leads and connects the humans, a boy who builds a tower to bring the turtles back, a man who is saved by spirits who turn out to be people he saves. A mystery of who is who? Over it all the demonic presence of greed in the person of an agro-pharmaceuticals executive who poisons the land. This is a hymn to the earth which we have ravaged and are in danger of losing.
Imperilled Ocean: Human Stories from a Changing Sea by Laura Trethewey
Reading this book you can feel that Trethewey's passion is the ocean. It is the source of meaning, of memory, of the future. She offers a scientist's precision in describing the ocean's depths and dimensions, its weathers and living creatures. But she also has a storyteller's gift for tracking down the people of the ocean, from the underwater sea photographer to the refugees forced to traverse its perils. Wonderful stories but she, and therefore you, know what is at stake: our human survival.
The Sounds of a Wild Snail Eating by Elisabeth Tova Bailey
During her debilitating illness, a friend brought Bailey a snail she'd picked up in the nearby forest. Virtually paralyzed herself, Bailey becomes enamoured of the snail as she watches its graceful pace, its intelligent intent, its choices as it moves through the terrarium at night. She quotes poets from Rilke to Rumi (who knew so many poets wrote about snails); 19th century naturalists including Darwin; and learns all she can about how snails hear, see, smell. She ends her book by giving her thanks to all creatures who have shared their lives with her. Such a moving hymn to life. I never thought I could envy someone's friendship with a snail.
Smokii Sumac
Smokii Sumac was a finalist for this year's Dayne Ogilvie Prize for LGBTQ Emerging Writers.
My favourite book so far of 2020 is The Skin We're In: A Year of Black Resistance and Power by Desmond Cole. The way that Desmond wove his respect for Indigenous people, people with disabilities, 2SLGBTQIA communities, and so much more into this documentation of a year of Black experience in Canada is masterful and is truly an inspiration. He has set the bar extremely high for my own work, and I am indebted to him for that.
I just bought Chani Nicholas' You Were Born for This: Astrology for Radical Self-Acceptance (and I'm already very much excited for it — this recommendation is for all the queer astrology nerds out there!) and Black Futures edited by Kimberly Drew and Jenna Wortham, which is described as "an archive of collective memory and exuberant testimony/a luminous map to navigate an opaque and disorienting present/an infinite geography of possible futures." I am deeply looking forward to diving into this one over the holiday season.
Laura Trethewey
Laura Trethewey was selected this year as a Writers' Trust Rising Star by author Rosemary Sullivan.
Ice Walker: A Polar Bear's Journey Through the Fragile Arctic by James Raffan
Using a simple, but elegant structure, James Raffan follows the life of a polar bear mother as she hunts, mates, and raises the next generation of cubs in a changing Arctic. At its heart, Ice Walker relates an environmental message that is important for all Canadians, and the wider world, to hear. But Raffan's expert storytelling turns what might be an otherwise gloomy message into an adventure, filled with polar bear sex on the Arctic tundra, stalking seals, evading human hunters and, inevitably, a heartrending loss. Ice Walker is a feat of great science writing: a perfect blend of fact and fiction.
Ayelet Tsabari was a mentor this year for the Writers' Trust Mentorship. She selected and mentored Lishai Peel.
I am finishing this year with a list of books I want to read but haven't gotten around to yet. Turns out, parenting and working during a pandemic leaves little time for recreational reading. Some of the books I look forward to reading are Seven by Farzana Doctor, Crosshairs by Catherine Hernandez, Blaze Island by Catherine Bush, and Songs from The End of The World by Saleema Nawaz.
Of the few books I managed to read this year, I loved Tiny Lights for Travellers, a memoir by Naomi K. Lewis — a funny, honest, and original story about identity and loss. The book follows the narrator as she retraces her grandfather's journey of escape from Nazi-occupied Netherlands in the summer of 1942.
They Said This Would Be Fun by Eternity Martis was breathtaking. I was riveted and moved by this coming-of-age memoir about Martis' experience as one of few Black students in a predominantly white campus and city. The book is a must-read.
I also loved In/Appropriate, a book of interviews with Canadian authors on the writing of difference, edited by Kim Davids Mandar. The book addresses questions of appropriation and otherness through the voices of emerging and established Canadian authors. Full disclosure: I am one of the interviewees. Nevertheless, I loved reading the other voices in the collection, which included authors such as Eden Robinson, Ian Williams, Jael Richardson, and Alicia Elliott.
Arielle Twist
Arielle Twist won this year's Dayne Ogilvie Prize for LGBTQ Emerging Writers.
Junebat by John Elizabeth Stintzi
Alexa Winik
Alexa Winik was the poetry winner forthis year's RBC Bronwen Wallace Award for Emerging Writers for her collection "Selections from Winter Stars Visible in December."
Zong! by M. NourbeSe Philip
In its reworking of an 18th century legal text regarding the massacre of 130 African people on a slave ship, Philip's epochal poetry sequence is many things: language splintered, a ritual, a reckoning. A porous membrane between the living and the dead. To put it simply, Philip's performance of memory is unlike anything I've ever encountered before and has indelibly altered my sense of what poetry might be and invoke in the world. I highly recommend reading while listening along to one of Philip's recorded performances.
The Weather by Lisa Robertson
I return to Lisa Robertson's poetry whenever my interior world feels static. There's always a fresh layer or something new to be sifted from the weird currents of Robertson's language, and while quarantining in a small tenement flat this year, I found myself re-reading this long-time favourite like my life depended on it.
Corpse Whale by dg nanouk ookpik
Searching for a word for the feeling of reading a new-to-you poet and becoming mystified, even somewhat upset, that it's taken you so long to do so? Easily one of my best reading surprises of 2020, okpik's myth-inflected collection is a striking fusion of Inuit cosmologies, oceanic flora and fauna, and the crystalline imagery of opening lines like this:
"We lying in the onyx rain by garnet-cloaking icebergs."
As a Canadian currently living in Scotland, I have much affection for Karen Solie's recent collection, embedded as it is in the coastal setting of the East Neuk. Laced with grief, self-questioning, and a precise, earthbound attention, this reimagining of the life of Saint Ethernan reads as a prophetic invitation towards environmental concern and a much-needed almanac for navigating the strange geographies of a heart-(and world-)in-crisis.


Considering Concrete Floors for Your Business? Here's What You Should Know!
Are concrete floors right for your business? A popular flooring material for residential and commercial spaces – but is it right for your business?
Concrete floors as finished flooring material has been gaining popularity due to the sleek, industrial aesthetic, the relatively low cost, the versatility, and ease of maintenance. A beautifully stained concrete floor can enhance the aesthetic appeal of your business, helping to make your customers feel welcome and comfortable in their surroundings.
The options for staining concrete floors are almost limitless. Colours can be added to the concrete mixture itself or acid stains and paint can be applied to pre-existing concrete floors. This means that you can get the right color flooring to match your business' decor and perhaps even your branding.
Coloured concrete can take on dozens of different shades, and the finished product can have subtle variations thanks to the aggregate materials in the mix.
Beautiful effects can be achieved as well. For instance, acid stains give concrete a marbled look without the hefty marble price tag.
Finally, latex or epoxy paints can be used to provide colour to concrete floors. A sealer to finish helps prevent chips, scratches and other damage.
Since concrete can last for several decades and often does not require any additional replacement or repair costs, it is indeed one of the most affordable flooring solutions.
Dust and dirt can be particularly problematic for stained concrete floors. Consequently, it's important to dust mop daily to remove debris and prevent scratches. With daily dust-mopping, you not only extend the life of your stained concrete floors but impress your customers with your tidiness as well!
Regular mopping, ideally weekly, is also recommended. They must be mopped with a neutral pH cleaner so as to protect the protective seal. Corrosive cleaners that contain high levels of phosphates and pine oils, as well as ammonia and vinegar, should be avoided as they can destroy the sealant.
Moisture should be avoided on concrete floors as water can seep into porous concrete and expand the material, potentially leading to cracks. Additionally, mold and mildew can form in concrete that has absorbed moisture.
Treated concrete floors should have a protective seal applied at least once a year, depending on the rate of foot traffic. To maintain beautiful concrete floors, the seal should be re-applied every 3-9 months, particularly in heavily trafficked areas.
Installation can be a lengthy and involved, not to mention messy, process. It can take days for the concrete to be poured and set. If you want to add colour, there will be even more time required. If a pigment is added to liquid concrete, mixing it in can be time-consuming.
If an acid stain or paint is applied, it can take several days for the process to be completed. Keep in mind that any time the floor needs to be resealed, downtime will be required for it to dry.
Another drawback of concrete floors is that they can be uncomfortable. If your team is on their feet most of the day, or if customers are required to stand for any length of time, they might become uncomfortable due to the hard, inflexibility of concrete.
It's also a material that does not retain heat, possibly impacting the temperature of your space.
While the maintenance of concrete floors is fairly easy, it can still be time-consuming. To ensure that your concrete continues to look like new, it may have to be polished every few years. This requires the surface of the floor to be lightly ground and then polished to reveal floors that look as great as the day they were installed. Quite an undertaking and best completed by a professional.
Fortunately, when it comes to choosing concrete floors, the pros outnumber the cons. They are a beautiful flooring option and can lend distinct impact and style to your business.
Looking for help keeping the floors of your business sparkling clean? We can help! Contact us to learn more about how we can help keep your concrete floors looking like new.
https://www.kwikfixdepot.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/KwikFix-Depot-Industrial-Floor-Cleaning-Concrete-Floors.jpg 1134 1700 Tracy https://www.kwikfixdepot.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/kwik-fix-floor-scrubbers.png Tracy2019-04-02 19:46:562019-04-02 19:47:53Considering Concrete Floors for Your Business? Here's What You Should Know!
" Excellent service provided and the equipment was the best I have rented. Highly recommended! "


Players: 89. Matches: 147. Club: Hardbat France. Country: France (FRA). Director: Leibenguth, Francis. Sport: Hardbat Table Tennis. Event ID: 20686. Submitted/revised: 2016-04-10 4:21 pm EDT. Last processed: 2019-01-08 1:25 pm EST.


text:
GoggleWorks
Willson, Thomas A. and Co.
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
201 Washington St., Reading, Pennsylvania
less than one acre
Muhlenberg Brothers
NRHP Reference #
Added to NRHP
The GoggleWorks Center for the Arts is a community art and cultural resource center located in Reading, Pennsylvania. The mission of the GoggleWorks is "to nurture the arts, foster creativity, promote education and enrich the community."
Located in a former safety-goggles factory building, the GoggleWorks offers 145,000 square feet (13,500 m2) of dynamic space, including: galleries; classrooms; dance and music studios; a darkroom; a glass blowing facility, plus a warm and cold glass studio/classroom; a woodshop; ceramics and jewelry studios; a 131-seat film theatre; a café; community meeting places; 34 artist studios; and offices for 26 local community arts and cultural organizations including the Berks Ballet and the Berks Classical Children's Chorus.
The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.[2]
1 History of the GoggleWorks Building
2 Recent Developments and Uses
History of the GoggleWorks Building
Founded by Gile J. Willson and his son Dr. Thomas A. Willson in 1871, Thomas A. Willson & Co. opened the first factory in the world to manufacture optical glass for lenses and reading glasses.[2] Located at the corner of Washington and 2nd streets in Reading, Pennsylvania, the company became known for its innovative strides in addressing the occupational hazards faced by factory workers and is credited with launching the safety protection industry. Their first innovation was a protective lens that blocked dangerous and blinding rays produced by metal processing equipment. During the 1890s the company expanded the reach of the safety industry addressing hearing, respiratory and head protection equipment.
The National Safety Council was created in 1913, and T.A. Willson & Co. Inc. Helped to set the uniform safety standards in industry. Through the 1920s, they expanded their line of safety equipment to the protection of coal miners, military personnel, and aviation. In 1929 the company became Willson Goggles, Inc., and by World War II, Willson Goggles was helping the war effort by making aviator goggles and high altitude oxygen masks for pilots in the military. In 1936, the company again changed its name to reflect an expanding product line. Willson Products, Inc. began to produce fashionable sunglasses, as modeled by the contestants of the 1938 Miss America pageant, and swim goggles, as worn by Florence Chadwick, who in 1950 was the first woman to swim both directions of the English Channel.
The company changed hands in 1956, but maintained the Willson products name through the atomic age and space age, still leading the safety industry in research and development of equipment to meet the needs of a technologically advancing society.
In the 1980s, Willson shifted its focus to the development of new varieties of respirators, gloves and other protective equipment. In 1989, Dalloz bought Willson products, and changed the company name to Dalloz Safety in 1997. Dalloz closed the plant in May 2002.
Recent Developments and Uses
In 2005, the concept of the GoggleWorks came to fruition when Albert Boscov and Marlin Miller took over the building. It opened its doors on September 18, 2005.[3] In the October/November 2006 issue, American Crafts comments:
"Combining Boscov's flair for promotion (he was chairman of the Boscov's department store chain) with Miller's longtime involvement in the craft world as a collector and advocate (he's currently board chair of the Haystack Mountain School of Crafts), they envisioned a broad-based arts center built around artists' studios… [T]he city got behind the idea, as did the state, which gave three million dollars in initial funding."
Since then, a capitol campaign and volunteers, along with the artists, staff, and board members, have helped to keep the GoggleWorks a working success.
Red Men Hall: Another Reading building designed by the Muhlenberg Brothers.
^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places.
^ a b ""National Historic Landmarks & National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania"" (Searchable database). CRGIS: Cultural Resources Geographic Information System. Note: This includes Shelby Weaver Splain and Doug Scott (January 2006). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Reading Knitting Mills" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-08-22.
^ GoggleWorks Center for the Arts: About, ARTINFO, 2008, retrieved 2008-07-11
American Craft. "GoggleWorks, Reading, Pa." October/November 2006.
Reading in Berks County, Pennsylvania
Reading Public Museum
Historical Society of Berks County
Berkshire Mall
Fairgrounds Square Mall
Reading Regional Airport
Schuylkill Valley Metro (cancelled)
US 222 Bus
PA 10
Reading Symphony Youth Orchestra
Reading School District
Reading High School
Reading Intermediate High School
Albright College
Reading Area Community College
Penn State Berks
Carpenter Technology Corporation
Redner's Markets
Reading Railroad (defunct)
Philadelphia and Reading Railroad (defunct)
Daniels Motor Company (defunct)
VF Corporation (former)
Reading United A.C.
Reading Eagle
W207AE
W249AT
W253AC
WAEB-FM
WAVT-FM
WCTO
WDAC
WEEU
WBYN-FM
WIOV
WIOV-FM
WLAN-FM
WLEV
WMGH-FM
WRAW
WRFY-FM
WRTI
WXAC
WYTL
US National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
Contributing property
Keeper of the Register
History of the National Register of Historic Places
Lists by county
Montour
Schuylkill
Lists by city
European archaeological sites
Native American archaeological sites
Bridges (covered)
National Historic Landmarks (Philadelphia)
NRHP portal
National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
Moderne architecture in Pennsylvania
Industrial buildings completed in 1871
Visitor attractions in Reading, Pennsylvania
Buildings and structures in Reading, Pennsylvania
Arts centers in Pennsylvania
Buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
JSTOR, National Park Service, United States Department of the Interior, Historic preservation, PDF
Assisted reproductive technology, Aprilia, Lord's Prayer, American Refrigerator Transit Company, Arab Radio and Television Network
Sound, Second, Wave, Radio, South America
Reading, Pennsylvania, United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, Switzerland
Pagoda (Reading, Pennsylvania)
Reading, Pennsylvania, National Register of Historic Places, Tokyo, Pennsylvania, Frequency
Reading, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, New Jersey, Delaware
Berkshire Mall (Pennsylvania)
Reading Eagle, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Reading, Pennsylvania, Berks County, Pennsylvania
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Why Do I Need An Empower Network Blog?
You are here: Home / Empower Network / Why Do I Need An Empower Network Blog?
I consider myself a serial blogger, I actually have been blogging way before empower network on many different blogs actually. Anyone who is serious about building an online business will realize that using free blogs simply isn't enough to get your message out there in cyber space.
I am a smart chicken, I know that if something is set up that you can plug into it's easier to start making money , than trying to figure out stuff on your own. While blogging itself isn't rocket science, trying to figure out how to make money blogging is a bit a tricky.
…The smartest thing you can do to increase your income is do exactly what people who make money online do…….
Don't be one of those people who thinks how much something cost, rather be the person that see's how much they can make. Scarcity mentality is like a disease and the more you have it, the less you actually have.
Fact is most people don't really know what to do to make money online. Therefor they try anything that sounds good. Mostly they try things that sound to good to be true. Call it human nature, but we would rather believe the unbelievable than believe the believable. Don't ask me why that is, it just is.
But that has been one of the reasons why it has taken me this long to finally achieve a level of success I can say I am proud of. Because I did it without compromising my morals and integrity.
Make no mistake though, I did do it. Through trial and error.. Through blood, sweat and tears… I forged forward never looking back. I finally got real with myself. I know you want to make *real money online. I am talking about making money that you can actually pay bills with and go on vacations with. I am not talking about chump change.
I remember how happy I was when I made my first $12 online, not because I thought it was a lot of money, rather because I realized that I really could make money on the internet.
Some people think that if they get an empower network blog that they are going to get a magical rush of traffic. That isn't true, what is true though it's easier to get a empower network blog traffic than it is to get a brand new self hosted blog traffic. That is true…….
Some people think that if they have an empower network blog money is going to magically appear out of thin air.. Both you and I know that isn't true… But the blogging platform does have a built in marketing funnel that does all the hard heavy lifting for you.
Why Aren't You Using An Empower Network Blog ?
Do you think it cost to much? Do you have that little faith in your abilities? It only takes 1 sale to break even in empower network. Do you think you can get 1 sale in 30 days? The empower network community is awesome, the training and vision is simply the best there is online.
So why haven't you joined? Is it because someone trashed talked it? Is it because you think it's a scam.. If you think empower network is a scam, I can tell you with 100% certainty you are not ready to for an online business.
If you think empower network cost too much money you are not mentality prepared to do business online. Just to give you some examples….
I have 2 ladies on my team.. Both single mothers , both of them are raising their families on their own. They don't have spouses in their lives to shoulder the burden. They want more for their life, they want more for their children, they are willing to do whatever it takes to make a better life for themselves.
I have a gentleman who works 50 + hours a week breaking his back doing heavy construction work, yet he makes the time to work his internet business to secure a better future for his family.
I have another gentleman who barely speaks english making happen….
I have people who spend ZERO dollars on advertising and are bringing people into their business….
Honestly I don't understand why someone wouldn't want to be a part of such a great opportunity.
I blog daily on my empower network blog. I do it because every night I put my kids to bed I look into their eyes and they have unwavering trust that daddy will always make everything okay….
If I have to blog everyday for the rest of my life to assure my family is secure , then by god that is what I will do. If I have to shout in the wilderness I will do that. If I have to sacrifice every waking moment then I will do that.
I believe empower network is the best chance for someone to make real money online. I believe that all the other programs online pale in comparison. Do you want to live a empowered life? Do you want to wake up everyday excited because you know that you are living the life you were meant to live?
I can't even express to you how liberating it is to know I can sell something, that if a person plugs into their life will change for the better…….
There is story after story of people having amazing success with empower network including myself….
I am helping people make money online. The people I bring in are making money online… I can help you make money online. I support my team members.. I do whatever needs to be done.
Getting an empower network blog is just the first step. Blogging doesn't have to be hard or time consuming, like any other tool you just need to learn how to properly use one.
If you want real mentorship, real support…..
I agree that having a support system for bloggers can definitely be useful. They give you that push to keep going. Empowerment is definitely a needed push.
…it's truly amazing what can happen when you start working with the right people.
Can I use your blog post on my blog? It explains things really nicely.
Have heard a lot about empower network but never tried it in past. I can relate myself with that 50+ hours a week and maybe more without getting desired results out of it.
By the way that banner animation is a nice thing.
This is a very good post. I've been involved in network marketing for sometime now and have recently began blogging, both with EN and my personal blog. I think blogging is a great way to get your content seen by the masses and build your online presence. I've made some sales from both my EN blog and my personal blog. Thanks for posting this.
..I don't mind helping other empower networkers get link juice if they do it correctly and you my friend have..
I am the same to Keral as well. I blog for two years ago and I heard a lot of bloggers said good about Empower Network even you, but I never try ti. Okay, maybe I have to spend some time to learn about Empower Network.
Well i use empower network blog to brand myself.Branding your own brand is definitely useful instead of working established brand and empower network will give you this opportunity.Empower Network system will help rank your content faster than a brand new blog and is a great tool to avoid learning how to start a site from scratch and setup your own hosting account and website templates.I think its one of the great post on blogging via empower network.I too advice that if you passionate about blogging then go for empower network without wasting anytime.


text:
Lower St. Regis Lake Survey: A Comparative Study of Fish Population Structure and Function over Time
Abstract: Lake surveys are performed on bodies of water to provide a health analysis of fish populations over time. Lake surveys can be conducted in a variety of ways to attain specific data. Lower St. Regis Lake was surveyed to determine the fish community composition and to understand fish population traits. Using fyke nets placed at six predetermined locations for 24 hours, as well as fishing, we collected data for age, length (mm), weight (g), and parasites present. Data was analyzed in the lab using Excel to form graphs and tables to demonstrate our findings. Catch rates were lower compared to years before and comparing our data to New York State Department of Conservation data found that our length-at-age data was lower for the six-species sampled. Pumpkinseed and yellow perch were the only two species to have over twenty fish sampled. Decreased air temperatures brought in by a cold front during the week of our sampling may have been a reason for our lower number of fish caught. Mesh size is also a bias while using these nets as smaller fish can escape, and predatory fish can prey on smaller fish while in the net. Some species of fish such as black crappie may be more susceptible to capture due to its habit of associating with structure.
Major: Biology, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Fisheries and Wildlife Science, Natural Resources Conservation and Management
File Attachments: Capstone_Final.docx
Authors: Deacon Chapin, Jared Chlus, Louis Daversa, Jon Herrman, Robert Visicaro
Abstract: The privatization of land through conservation easements serve an important role of protecting biodiversity and ecosystem services across various landscapes. This research investigated the purposes of conservation easements, how they are acquired, and the importance of strong landowner relationships and yearly monitoring. Numerous peer-reviewed articles and websites were analyzed for this research in addition to interviews with three participants, each at different land trusts (Harris Center for Conservation Education, The Nature Conservancy, and the Adirondack Land Trust). However, despite the interviewees working at different organizations, the process of easement acquisition and overall thoughts on conservation easements were very similar. My own experience as a Conservation Easement Monitor was also applied to this research, and two examples of completed monitoring reports from my time at the Harris Center accompany this document. Furthermore, this study suggests the need of individuals becoming involved with conservation easements either through volunteering, interning, or having their property become an easement at participating organizations.
Major: Natural Resources Conservation and Management
File Attachments: Capstone Paper.docx , Capstone_Poster.pptx , coughlin.pdf , Hancock_easement_monitoring_form.pdf , dubois.pdf
Authors: Nicole DeCarolis
The Glenview Preserve Management Plan
Abstract: Abstract: The 238- acre Glenview Preserve consists of forests and fields located within Harrietstown, NY. The Adirondack Land Trust has purchased this land in order to restore, protect, and improve the land while utilizing it to its maximum potential. Our study investigates the best possible ways to make their goals reality. We will be looking into detail on how we can encourage human activity while still protecting the beautiful land from poor human practices. We will also be discussing the best possible ways to improve the land for wildlife. Here we will go into detail on how to make improvements for both the forest and the bog, these modifications will help make the land more suitable for wildlife. Our final goal will transform this land into a wonderful creation where wildlife can congregate together by using the land in the best way possible.
File Attachments: Capstone .docx
Authors: Brandon Dummitt
Robert Lutz
A Comparison of Terrestrial Invertebrate Communities among Impacted, Minimally Impacted, and Reference Sites: Implications for Shoreline Vegetation Restoration
Abstract: The problem that this study attempts to address is the possibility of terrestrial invertebrate communities being negatively impacted by man-made disturbances along shorelines. This is a relevant issue because terrestrial invertebrates play multiple key roles in an ecosystem such as pollinating and serve as a food source for both aquatic and terrestrial organisms. The objective of this study is to provide a preliminary observation of terrestrial invertebrate communities between impacted, minimally impacted, and reference conditions sites so that further research can be conducted and add another aspect to shoreline management and restoration decisions. The impacted and minimally impacted sites that were sampled were located along the shore of Lower Saint Regis Lake on Paul Smith's College property. The reference condition site sampled in this study was located along the shore of Black Pond on Paul Smith's College VIC property. Invertebrates were sampled using pitfall traps and sweep nets. The invertebrates were then identified by taxonomic family and preserved in vials of alcohol. The findings of this study may imply that there may be inverse relationship between insect populations and arachnid populations based on impact level. Due to seasonal conditions of the Adirondacks, the results of this study could have been influenced by weather conditions, so a similar study conducted during a different season may produce vastly different results. The information collected in this study can be used to determine shoreline restoration and management decisions in the future.
File Attachments: Final Capstone Report.docx
Authors: Ken Toepper, Isaac Stouffer, Quincie Grube
Glenview Preserve: Sustainable Farming Methods
Abstract: In 2016, the Glenview Preserve was purchased by the Adirondack Land Trust, with a goal to maintain and preserve the two agricultural fields on the property. The farmer that leases the two fields from the Adirondack Land Trust will have to use sustainable farming methods to farm the fields, so that the biodiversity of the fields and also the Bloomingdale Bog are protected. There are three different farming intensities, which are low intensity, medium intensity and high intensity. The farmer should use low intensity farming because if the farmer used high intensity the ecosystems that are present on the Glenview Preserve property would be severely impacted. The farmer will most likely maintain the current fields by mowing the fields with a mowing machine, which has negative impacts on the land such as soil compaction. With the types of soil that the agriculture fields have, it is advised that the current fields remain hay fields and that different grasses and legumes that benefit the farmer's livestock are grown. The farmer that leases the property from Adirondack Land Trust will have to decide if they will use draft horses, modern haying equipment or a mix of both to harvest the hay fields. No matter which way they choose to harvest the hay fields they will have to be sustainable, be able to develop ways to preserve the grassland bird species and maintain the Adirondack hayscape.
Access: No
File Attachments: The Author has selected not to publish this complete work.
Authors: Dustin Clark
A Paleolimnological study of precipitation variability in the Adirondacks over the last thousand years
Abstract: At present, most regional climate models anticipate wetter conditions by the end of this century, but a few models anticipate drier conditions. This study uses foresight to test these models, as well as describe the relationship between the dominant climate system in the region and past precipitation in the Adirondacks. Precipitation was inferred from diatom assemblages observed along a lake sediment core extending into the 1000 years. This study shows that abrupt, extreme wet events were common during the last 1000 years, and a relationship between the dominant climate system (North Atlantic Oscillation) and precipitation was irregular during the cool Little Ice Age but negatively associated during the warm Medieval Climate Anomaly. With temperatures in the Northeast projected to increase by 2-5 degrees C by 2100 AD, our study suggests the region may become more arid rather than wetter, opposite of what models currently suggest.
Major: Biology, Environmental Sciences
File Attachments: regalado.serwatka.docx
Authors: Sean A. Regalado, W. Martin Serwatka
The Effects on Soil Caused by Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) in a Northern Hardwood Forest in the Northern Adirondack Mountains
Abstract: Plant invasions are thought to be among the worst causes of biological extinction and biodiversity loss in the modern world. With the United States spending upward of thirty four million dollars a year in attempts to control and repair the damages caused by invasive plants, not only are we feeling the biological effects, but we financially cannot afford to keep combating these invasive species (Barto and Cipollini, 2009). Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) can invade multiple types of sites whether the soil is sandy or if a site has been disturbed. This invasive species will take over the understory and alter soil chemistry (Morris, McClain, Anderson and McConnaughay, 2012). This study aimed to look at how garlic mustard is affecting soils in the northern Adirondack Mountains in New York State. Although currently scattered and not very prevalent, there have already been changes to the soil chemistry. This study was conducted by setting up multiple plots within areas where garlic mustard was present and gathering soil to be used to test for nutrient values. It was found in this study that calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, potassium, sodium, aluminum and soil pH values changed due to the presence of garlic mustard.
Major: Biology, Forestry
File Attachments: Capstone Final.docx
Authors: Kyle Dash
Baking Arts and Service Management (3)
Business Management and Entrepreneurial Studies (5)
Environmental Sciences (8)
Natural Resources Management and Policy (7)
(-) Biology (10)
(-) Communication (0)
(-) Natural Resources Conservation and Management (7)


text:
Transformation, inclusion and diversity in times of crisis and emergency
21 May 2020 | Story Supplied. Photo Pexels. Read time 1 min.
The joint special session of the UCT TF and USRC will be held on Friday, 22 May.
A joint special session of the University of Cape Town (UCT) Transformation Forum and University Social Responsiveness Committee will be held on Friday, 22 May, from 14:00 to 16:00, in response to COVID-19.
The quick spread of COVID-19 in South Africa and the subsequent lockdown has led to sweeping shifts in higher education, in city spaces and in our homes, and since the start of the lockdown, there have been dire consequences for already vulnerable and marginalised persons.
The aim of the special session is to:
Create a platform for discussion on how the COVID-19 crisis is affecting the university community and how we can collectively respond to this moment.
Create a space to hear insights from activists and allies from the COVID-19 People's Movement and the United Nations (gender and protection specialists) on how the COVID-19 crisis is affecting people, communities and South Africa as a whole. This section will reflect on COVID-19 in relation to race, class, gender and access to basic resources, namely water, food, shelter and safety.
The session is open to everyone from the university community.
Please RSVP to Cheryl Vallay.
Class of 2022: Top achievers encouraged to choose UCT 09:00, 16 January 2023
First-Year Campus Onboarding 13:30, 24 January 2023
'Hansard' soon showing at The Baxter 14:16, 18 January 2023
10 quotes from Ilze Olckers's Inclusive Practice talk 21 May 2020
WOOP app now in isiXhosa, first African translation 19 May 2020
UCT's survivor support goes online 19 May 2020
'COVID-19 will test our solidarity and commitment' 15 May 2020
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Computation of Eigenvectors. Let A be a square matrix of order n and one of its eigenvalues. Many ways may be used to solve this system. The third equation is identical to the first. Since, from the second equations, we have y = 6x, the first equation reduces to 13x + z = 0. So this system is equivalent to So the unknown vector X is given by Therefore, any eigenvector X of A associated to... Given are two lists of 87 3x1 vectors each. I also know that when multiplying a 3x3 matrix by the nth vector of the first list, I get the nth vector of the second list.
General case. Consider a system of n linear equations for n unknowns, represented in matrix multiplication form as follows: = where the n ? n matrix A has a nonzero determinant, and the vector = (, �,) is the column vector of the variables. how to work in conservation 5/03/2007�� There are a few ways to find the inverse of a matrix, but this is the most straightforward way to do it: The cofactor of each entry in the matrix is given by the sign associated with that entry multiplied by the determinant of the minor matrix of that entry.
5/03/2007�� There are a few ways to find the inverse of a matrix, but this is the most straightforward way to do it: The cofactor of each entry in the matrix is given by the sign associated with that entry multiplied by the determinant of the minor matrix of that entry.
General case. Consider a system of n linear equations for n unknowns, represented in matrix multiplication form as follows: = where the n ? n matrix A has a nonzero determinant, and the vector = (, �,) is the column vector of the variables.


text:
Home Security No Tribal War in Army Barracks- Army Spokesperson
No Tribal War in Army Barracks- Army Spokesperson
Colonel Sani Usman Kukasheka
Colonel Sani Kukasheka Usman
The attention of the Nigerian Army has been drawn to a deliberate and calculated campaign of calumny aimed at misleading the public and cause disaffection among troops, being circulated in the social media by a faceless and obviously subversive group named "EASTERN RADIO". The group created and posted a story titled "Tribal War at Army Barracks, 82 Division Enugu Three Soldiers Feared Dead" on various social media platforms.
In the write up, they alleged that there was an altercation in an unnamed barracks in 82 Division over nomination for "peacekeeping operations" which led to exchange of gunfire among imaginary troops that resulted in loss of lives. Apart from obvious flaws and inconsistency in the narration, the Nigerian Army wishes to emphatically state that no such incident occurred anywhere in the Nigerian Army, let alone 82 Division. In fact, the alleged reported incident existed only in the obviously negatively skewed minds of the authors of such fabrication.
The intent and goals of this band of miscreants is to cause distrust amongst own troops and the country's populace at large, which unknown to them is an exercise in futility because the Nigerian Army is cohesive. Their methodology is to employ such campaign of calumny and distortion of an established reign of peaceful, harmonious and esprit-de-corps culture in 82 Division and the entire Nigerian Army. However, the campaign is a failed one as the entire Nigerian Army remains indivisible, unprovoked and not gullible to such cheap and heinous insinuations.
The general public is therefore please requested to discountenance the false story of EASTERN RADIO and their affiliated secessionist groups as there is no iota of truth in the story.
We would like to inform the public that the 82 Division Nigerian Army is intact in all its locations and deployments, same goes for all the various formations, units, cantonments and barracks of the Nigerian Army.
Above all, the Nigerian Army remains committed to providing aid to civil authority as enshrined in the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 (As Amended) and wishes to assure the public of the Chief of Army Staff's unalloyed commitment to protect lives and property whenever called upon to do so in line with extant provisions of the law.
We wish to also reassure all well meaning Nigerians that the Nigerian Army remains a national institution which emphasizes peace, unity and mutual co-existence devoid of any sentiments or such variables as ethnic, tribe or religious differences. Any attempt by any individual or group of persons to associate the military and indeed the Nigerian Army with such will be a total waste of time, energy and resources. We are proud professionals bound by discipline, unflinching love, loyalty, espirit-de-corps and love for our colleagues and our country. We would remain focussed and would not be distracted by irritating campaigns of calumny or fabricated lies by some unscrupulous elements.
It is therefore very imperative at this point to warn all those mischief makers to desist from these unpatriotic and obviously subversive acts in any guise.
Kindly disseminate this information to the public through your medium.
Thank you for your usual cooperation.
Acting Director, Army Public Relations
82 Division Enugu
Eastern Radio
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Lemmuel Odjay April 3, 2016 At 1:50 pm
Whoever is writing such things does not yet understand the structure of the Nigerian military. Simply put, the military is like a football team comprising players from many geo-political locations of the country who'd passed rigorous tests to be acceptable for the job. If, because his colleague comes from location B, a fellow team player from geographical location A then refuses to pass the ball to him, the whole team is in danger of losing the game. The lessons from this incidence is that we now have a new group of frustrated people who are out to cause disaffection among Nigerians, by adopting tribe as a tool to achieve their aim. They will continue to fail, Amen…
Brown victory April 3, 2016 At 2:57 pm
U putting ur entitlement in nigeria will fail u someday so, u better and have focus on what is happening in nigeria. If u think that issue like this can not happen u then know that u ar deceiving ur self. U hailing the nigeria army for what he just said were he there or u siding were u there also? so, be sure to expect anything in nigeria because unexpected can be expecting, my brother u siding the evil of nigeria is not wise enough because no smoke without fire be warn.


Nicolai "Snaski" Andersen is a Rocket League player from Denmark. Currently on the Fnatic roster, he plays alongside Maestro and Sikii. Snaski began his break in eSports when Rocket League first launched.
In 2017, Snaski and Fnatic powered through RLCS Season 4 EU and walked away with the first place title. Recently, the Fnatic team went to DreamHack: Leipzig.
A: My name is Nicolai Andersen, I am 21 years old and from Denmark. I've been playing video games all my life, and started playing Rocket League in august 2015. Shortly after, I started playing competitive Rocket League.
Q: How did you first get into eSports?
A: When I was a younger I would watch Counter-Strike 1.6, which amazed me. The fact that they could live from video games seemed incredible. Since then I was determined that one day that would be me.
Q: In your opinion, has eSports become a profession?
A: It is hard to tell to be honest. I think a lot of us thought of rocket league as work way before it blew up because we knew it had the potential it just needed the right push. I suppose when it finally got RLCS in early 2016 was when it became truly serious though.
Q: What is it about Rocket League that grabbed your attention?
A: At the very beginning it just seemed very funny to play with friends. I quickly realised that I learned quicker than the average person, and it started to become competitive for me. It had a pretty smooth transaction from fun to competitive which I believe is the main reason i stuck to it.
Q: Is there anything you'd like to see added into the game?
A: For awhile we've wanted team oriented items, but because of lack of consistency in RLCS it wasn't really possible. Now that they have a consistent system and Psyonix know what teams/organizations will be competing awhile. Looking ahead, I really want in-game items for the RLCS teams/players. It really benefits everybody involved as it has been a highly requested thing from the fans.
Q: When playing competitively, do you have a designated role you play?
A: In Rocket League we rotate, so basically in the perfect world you should be able to do everything equally well. Since we don't live in the perfect world then obviously we all have strength and weaknesses. You try as hard as possible to use every player to the best efficiency. Personally I am better defensively than offensively, so I am probably more likely to stay behind than my teammates are.
Q: Can you walk us through your experiences at DreamHack: Leipzig?
A: It wasn't the best location for the venue in my opinion. There was very little food around the venue and it was only fast food, so getting proper nutrition was impossible. The tournament was very well run though. We had a poor performance but are still working hard to get back.
Q: What is an important tip you can give out to anyone looking to pursue eSports?
A: Respect is earned not given. Many seems to misunderstand this. You won't get respected until you consistently show people you belong with the best.
Q: What can everyone expect to see from you in the coming months?
A: Publicly I am not so sure. We're focusing very hard on our upcoming competitions in RLCS, and Gfinity Elite Series. After not performing to maximum capability for awhile it is really all we're trying to fix.
For more on Rocket League and the players, keep it locked to Inside WorldGaming.
Steve is based in Toronto, Ontario. His enthusiasm and adoration of the video game industry go back to the days of SNES. Find him on Twitter and join in on the escapades.


THEME DAYS - City Daily Photo : FEBRUARY 2015 GALLERY - WHAT WOULD YOU MISS?
FEBRUARY 2015 GALLERY - WHAT WOULD YOU MISS?
If you had to leave forever the city from which you usually post, what would you miss most? Would it be a food, a place or a craft? Maybe it would be a person, or perhaps a custom. Start thinking . . . !
The February theme was suggested by Pat, a.k.a. Bibi, from A Yankee in Belgrade. A retired language professor, Pat has lived in Europe more than she has lived in the USA, her home country; seven years in France and 37 in Belgrade. Pat discovered City Daily Photo more than seven years ago while searching for some Paris information for a friend. She came across Paris Daily Photo.
The seed was planted and she started her blog in March 2008. Pat takes her camera literally everywhere she goes. On the rare occasions that she doesn't, of course she sees the Photo of the Century . . . .
Though Pat often grumbles about some aspects of life in Serbia, she would miss many things about Belgrade should she have to go. One of them is the Romi, or gypsies, as they are frequently called. Pat is continually fascinated by their spirit, ingenuity, love of life, and friendliness, despite the hardships they face daily. This photo shows two paper collectors in a vehicle they've put together themselves.
Great prompt. I'll have to start thinking.
Thank you Bibi/Pat for the choice for this Theme Day. It made me actually think about the place I blog from and what it means to me.
Umm ... yes ... 29 days should do it!
I's disappointed as the link did not help me.
Uppal - can you please explain what the problem was that you had?


In addition, for Board and Committee meetings other than the meetings of the Audit Committee, the Board members residing in Finland shall be paid a fee of EUR 750 per meeting, the Board members residing abroad shall be paid a fee of EUR 2,000 per meeting, and the Chairmen of the Board of Directors and said Committees shall be paid a fee of EUR 1,500 per meeting. For meetings of the Audit Committee the Board members residing in Finland shall be paid a fee of EUR 1,000 per meeting, the Board members residing abroad shall be paid a fee of EUR 2,250 per meeting, and the Chairman of the Audit Committee shall be paid a fee of EUR 2,500 per meeting. Furthermore, the Board members are reimbursed for their travel and other expenses incurred due to their activities in the interest of the company. Compensation paid to the members of the Board totaled EUR 746,500 in 2018. The members of the Board are not included in Fiskars' incentive plan and they are not employed by the Company.


I know that You Tube is like the go to channel for everyone. Here is a great video that Harvey Poling created to bring awareness of what we do at Its Sew Made on Facebook. Harvey is the sole owner of Video Editing Simplified. Check out his skilled video creation and editing skills on this one: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lBk76spkFNo&feature=youtu.be Pretty amazing don't ya think so?


NFL Media Insider Ian Rapoport reports Taylor Mays will sign with the Oakland Raiders.
The six-year safety was released by the Detroit Lions last week. Mays signed with the Lions this offeason following his release from the Minnesota Vikings in March.
Mays has started only four games since his rookie season, and tallied 98 tackles and one forced fumble in his career.
The former USC standout will be reunited with his former coach college coach Ken Norton Jr. in Oakland.


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"The wedding was beautiful. Everything went as planned and was absolutely perfect. Everyone loved the dress on me and I can't thank you enough for all your suggestions, advice and patience."
We hope you will let us make you one of our special pampered brides!!!


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Rediff.com » News » De Dana Dan
News for De Dana Dan
BJP leader Vijayvargiya's MLA son beats officer with bat, jailed
Bharatiya Janata Party MLA Akash Vijayvargiya, son of party general secretary Kailash Vijayvargiya, was arrested and sent to jail on Wednesday for attacking a civic body official in Indore with a......
Global economy returning to normalcy: PM
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh said on Tuesday the global economic downturn which had affected Indian economy as well, is now coming to an end with slow return to normalcy. "We have been through a......
Of MPs, fudged expenses and what India spends on them
Dawn was breaking over the Palace of Westminster, Britain's Houses of Parliament, as tired MPs and journalists waited in the taxi queue in the great courtyard after an all-night debate on the Race......
Indian auto parts companies buying global firms
Indian auto parts companies are increasingly getting hungrier for overseas acquisitions. This is a tranition from their earlier supporting role in the global automotive scheme.In the last 24 months......
New Bharat Forge firm for China entry
Bharat Forge Ltd (BFL), the flagship of the Rs 4,000 crore (Rs 40 billion) Kalyani Group, may create a new entity to enter China by April, 2005.The Pune-based auto parts major, as part of an......
'Sunil Grover is a very poor team player'
'Sunil Grover has only three concerns while shooting: I, me and myself.' Photograph: Kind courtesy Shilpa Shinde/Facebook The cold war between Gangs Of Filmistaan co-stars Sunil Grover and Shilpa......
Meet the TOP 10 Stars of Indian Cinema and Television
IMDB released its list of the Top 10 Stars of Indian Cinema and Television, determined by data from the IMDbPro STARmeter rankings. The data is based on the actual page views of the......
Guess who joins Akshay in Sooryavanshi?
After Simmba, Producer Karan Johar and Director Rohit Shetty announced another cop movie, Sooryavanshi, starring Akshay Kumar. Guess who plays the leading lady? 'Welcome to our COP UNIVERSE......
Bollywood pays its last respects to Suniel Shetty's father
Bollywood offered much support to Suniel Shetty as they made their way to his father Veerappa Shetty's chautha ceremony on Saturday, March 4, in Mumbai. A look at the pictures. PIX: Sonu Sood,......
Why Akshay is the King of Bling!
A look back at a few other occasions Akki bling-ed it up for the cameras. Image: Akshay Kumar in Singh is Bling Where fashion goes, it's not just his bestselling author missus but even the......
Video: Did Harbhajan really punch the cameraman?
Harbhajan Singh found himself in yet another controversy when he allegedly punched a cameraman at the Bengaluru International Airport on Wednesday before leaving with the Indian team......
Mumbai girl for international swim marathon
Ace long-distance swimmer Aakanksha Mishra of Mumbai is the only Indian female chosen for the prestigious 22nd International Self-Transcendence Swim Marathon, to be held in Zurich, Switzerland, on......
Champions take a beating
The Indian fans have a good time during the Super Eights match against West Indies at Lord's on Friday. But it was a disappointing end for the defending champions as they were beaten by 7...
China's sporting red army marches on
China's sporting red army continued its relentless acquisition of Asian Games titles on Tuesday, scooping up a phenomenal 22 gold medals including the men's badminton team crown. World number one......
Thai lifter breaks monopoly but China rumble on
Thailand put a dent in China's Asian Games armour on Monday, snatching a weightlifting gold and a world record, to end the Chinese monopoly of the sport in Doha. Elsewhere, however, the Chinese......
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The typical MyEyeDr. Customer Service Representative salary is $13. Customer Service Representative salaries at MyEyeDr. can range from $12 - $16. This estimate is based upon 4 MyEyeDr. Customer Service Representative salary report(s) provided by employees or estimated based upon statistical methods. When factoring in bonuses and additional compensation, a Customer Service Representative at MyEyeDr. can expect to make an average total pay of $29,700 . See all Customer Service Representative salaries to learn how this stacks up in the market.


text:
package com.spriton.therapypi.components;

import com.spriton.therapypi.Config;
import com.spriton.therapypi.database.ConfigValue;
import com.spriton.therapypi.database.DataAccess;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

import javax.sound.sampled.*;

public class Sound {

    private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(Sound.class);
    private static Integer volume;

    public static int getVolume() {
        if(volume == null) {
            init();
        }
        return volume.intValue();
    }

    public static void setVolume(int newVolume) {
        volume = newVolume;
    }

    // Need to max out the Pi's volume
    // amixer scontrols
    // amixer sset 'Master' 50%

    public static void init() {
        ConfigValue volumeConfig = DataAccess.getConfigValue("VOLUME");
        if(volumeConfig != null) {
            volume = Integer.parseInt(volumeConfig.getConfigValue());
        } else {
            volume = 100;
        }
    }

    public static void playTimerAlarm() {
        try {
            init();
            log.info("Playing Timer Alarm Sound");
            Thread t = new Thread(new SoundThread());
            t.start();
        } catch(Exception ex) {
            log.error("Error playing sound", ex);
        }
    }

    public static class SoundThread implements Runnable {

        private static Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
        private static Clip lastClip;
        private static long microSecondLength;

        @Override
        public void run() {
            if(Config.values.getBoolean("JAVA_SOUND", true)) {
                playSoundJava();
            } else {
                playSoundNative();
            }
        }

        private void playSoundNative() {
            try {
                // Set the volume
                int vol = volume <= 50 ? 0 : volume;
                if(vol > 100) {
                    vol = 100;
                }
                Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
                String card = Config.values.getBoolean("USB_SPEAKERS", false) ? "-c 1 " : "";
                runtime.exec("amixer " + card + "sset 'PCM' " + vol + "%");

                // Play the beep sound
                File beepFile = new File(Config.values.getString("BEEP_FILE_LOCATION", "/home/pi/Therapy-Pi/beep.wav"));
                String device = Config.values.getBoolean("USB_SPEAKERS", false) ? "-D hw:1,0 " : "";
                Process proc = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("aplay " + device + beepFile.getAbsolutePath());
                proc.waitFor();
            } catch(Exception ex) {
                log.error("Error playing native sound.", ex);
            }
        }

        private static void playSoundJava() {

            try {
                try (InputStream inputStream = new BufferedInputStream(
                        SoundThread.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("beep.wav"));
                     AudioInputStream audioIn = AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(inputStream)) {

                    try {
                        lock.lock();
                        if (lastClip == null) {
                            AudioFormat format = audioIn.getFormat();
                            DataLine.Info info = new DataLine.Info(Clip.class, format);
                            lastClip = (Clip) AudioSystem.getLine(info);
                        }

                        if(lastClip.isRunning()) {
                            log.debug("Stopping sound position=" + lastClip.getMicrosecondPosition() + " length=" + lastClip.getMicrosecondLength());
                            lastClip.stop();
                            // Found that if you don't let it stop before closing it, it will get hung up for a second
                            Thread.sleep(1);
                        }
                        lastClip.close();

                        lastClip.open(audioIn);
                        microSecondLength = lastClip.getMicrosecondLength();
                        // Set volume with latest value
                        FloatControl masterGain = (FloatControl) lastClip.getControl(FloatControl.Type.MASTER_GAIN);
                        float range = masterGain.getMaximum() - masterGain.getMinimum();
                        // Make anything under 50 be mute
                        int vol = volume <= 50 ? 0 : volume;
                        float scaledRange = range * vol / 100; // Scale the range 0-100%
                        float value = masterGain.getMinimum() + scaledRange;
                        log.debug("Sound MasterGain=" + value);
                        masterGain.setValue(value);

                        lastClip.start();
                    } finally {
                        lock.unlock();
                    }
                    //Thread.sleep(microSecondLength / 1000);
                }

            } catch (UnsupportedAudioFileException | IOException | LineUnavailableException | InterruptedException e1) {
                log.error("Error playing sound.", e1);
            }

        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub