I just got and tried out Polly Plastics. These are neat little plastic pieces that you can heat up and then mold into whatever shape you want. They come with a large tub of the plastic pellets. They also include several color pieces you can use to color the pellets. These are really easy to use, they come with detailed instructions. Just heat them up with boiling water. Then mold them. These are great for repair items, make crafts, it's a great product to have on hand. I got these because they sounded like a neat unique product. I tried them out on a plastic piece that had broken off of my vacuum that held the hose in place. Without this piece I was unable to even use the vacuum because the hose would not stay attached and the dirt would come flying out. So I used the plastic to repair the missing piece and believe it or not it held and worked perfect. I was super impressed with it! Great product.
CREATE WITH COLOR – This kit contains 10 oz. of our moldable pellets plus 7 colors (Blue, Black, White, Red, Yellow, Gold and Silver). A great way to experience 3 of our great products.
EASY TO USE – Melt our moldable plastic pellets with hot water (>150 F) and mold to any shape you like. Add a few color pellets and knead together for bright, brilliant colors, without any mess.
USA Colorants – Our colorants are made in the USA. Don't purchase colorants in plastic tubes from China. Enough of each color included to easily color the entire 10 oz. Jar and more.
MAKE, MEND & MODIFY – Use it for all types of crafts, art projects, home repair, model making, prototyping and more. No need for extruders, molds or epoxy systems.
IDEA & INSTRUCTION BOOKLET INCLUDED ALONG WITH COLOR MIXING CHART – Learn the many ways you can use our moldable plastic with our 12 page color booklet.


text:
USA Today Sports Images
Real Salt Lake sign Damir Kreilach to multi-year extension through at least 2022
September 18, 202011:32AM EDT
Jonathan SigalContributor
Follow@ JonathanSigal
TRANSFER TRACKER STATUS: Extension
Real Salt Lake midfielder/forward Damir Kreilach has signed a multi-year extension through the 2022 season with an option for 2023, the club announced Friday.
Since Kreilach will make above the maximum salary budget charge, RSL will determine if he'll qualify as a Designated Player for next season before the 2021 roster compliance date.
"From the moment I came to Real Salt Lake, it felt like I was at home. Everyone welcomed me and my family. At the end of the day, it's not only about soccer. It's about life. I'm happy to stay here and continue to be part of the RSL family," Kreilach said in a statement.
"I want to thank all of my teammates and coaches, as well as staff and fans. I'm looking forward to giving my best on and off the field and be a role model for other young players. And of course I'm looking forward to winning something for RSL because that is what this club and these fans deserve."
Since signing for the 2018 season, Kreilach has 23 goals and 14 assists in 76 regular-season matches. He's RSL's leading scorer this year with five goals and one assist through 11 games, and also has four goals and one assist in five Audi MLS Cup Playoff matches.
Originally joining via Targeted Allocation Money, Kreliach has featured as a No. 10, box-to-box midfielder and forward. The 31-year-old Croatian was previously at Bundesliga side Union Berlin. He also played for Rijeka in the Croatian first division.
"When you're out signing an international player and investing heavily in that player and want them to come in and make an impact, he's exactly what you're looking for," RSL general manager Elliot Fall said. "He's a professional. He's a culture setter. He leads by example. And he produces. He steps up in every big moment. You look at the big moments in the last three years for RSL, Damir plays a role in nearly every one of them. That says all you need to know about him."
Transfer Tracker Status:
Report: Cincy one of two MLS clubs chasing World Cup winner Podolski
Report: Ayo Akinola attracting interest from Turkish club
Crew complete transfer of Cadden to Scottish Premiership side

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Our prototype robot driving around.
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Claws grabbing onto the goal.
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text:
Standards & Compliance
Sample/Demo Request
Xiv Regional Conference On Girls In Latin America And The Caribbean Santiago, 27 31 January 2020
by Imran Editor | Sep 6, 2022 | dating | 0 comments
However, Latina entrepreneurship has grown immensely because the begin of latin women the twenty first century. In 2011, 788,000 Latinas ran their very own companies, representing a 46% enhance from 2006. Comparatively, female business owners as a whole solely elevated by 20% during this identical time interval. It is important to notice that this health paradox impacts each male and female populations of Latinos. Likewise, immigrant Latina girls are discovered to have a decrease toddler mortality price than U.S. born women. This has been defined by the tendency for Hispanic girls to continue breastfeeding for an extended period of time. For women artists in Latin America, the many years coated by the exhibition have been a time of each repression and liberation.
She has been a programmer since she was 12 years old; and three-time regional champion, nationwide and world champion, of the First LEGO League worldwide robotics competition.
To do so would oversimplify this inhabitants and end result to stereotyping, as the experience of Latinas is simply as nuanced as the women who comprise this ethnic group.
I am led to imagine a really excessive percentage of Latinas truly feel that a relationship means true companionship and the will to walk life's path together.
Her success within the Nineteen Sixties gave Latina immigrants a presence in off-Broadway productions.
Comparatively, feminine enterprise homeowners as a complete solely increased by 20% during this similar time interval.
Despite discrimination within the workforce, Latina participation is on the rise. From 1970 to 2007 Latinas have seen a 14% improve in labor drive participation, which the Center for American Progress calls "a notable rise." These ladies have made strides in civil rights, politics, leisure and even gone to house.
Salinas was a female anchor on U.S. tv for 30 years, a record-breaking professional accomplishment. She was called the "voice of Hispanic America" by The New York Times and was the primary Latina to obtain a Lifetime Achievement Emmy.
The key to profitable relationships is to find someone whose unhealthy traits don't annoy you. You could be a millionaire, but Latin ladies are looking for husbands for life, not for purchasing. Your sort heart and empathetic perspective must be a half of your character should you actually need to win the heart of a Latin lady. Dating Hispanic ladies means getting the proper woman who respects you and sees an actual man in you.
Be Taught To Dance With Latina Girls
This could be very totally different to say, Scandinavian or Australian tradition, where it might seem too showy. We're always on the lookout for an excuse to have a party so we can feed you.
Latina Family Values And Construction
Make step one and enjoy speaking with stunning women. And there are many stories that state that such couples live happily because Latin girls can find balance in life. One of such tales is a few lady Daniela shifting to Canada and meeting her future husband, Carlos. Even although Carlos was not a millionaire, Daniela ignored that issue. The emotions of real love are what attracted this Latin girl.
Since these nations are very totally different, every thing began with on-line dating. A single Australian guy is lucky to share his experience describing relationships with a Latin girl as caring and kind-hearted. Latin women's parents and pals have a massive impact on their lives. Local girls will not date boyfriends that are not approved by their families. And it is your likelihood to be taught extra about your girlfriend by assembly her closest ones. You can spot it in native people's traditions to dance and sing.
One important change is that males are participating more than before in household and unpaid care work, initially because of lockdowns, however subsequently in the course of the pandemic. Foreign born refers to persons born outdoors of the United States to folks neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The terms foreign born and immigrant are used interchangeably on this report. For the purposes of this report, overseas born additionally includes those born in Puerto Rico. There are varied Latina ladies concerned in organizations and applications that purpose to help Latina ladies affected/victimized by human trafficking or domestic abuse. Some of those influential girls embody Maria Jose Fletcher, Laura Zarate, Rosie Hidalgo, Olga Trujillo, Susan Reyna. Currently, there are over 20 million immigrant ladies residing in the United States.
The optimistic facet is Latin girlfriends can spread happiness to everyone around them. But if they're in a foul mood, it is higher to calm them down as soon as potential. You will get a Latina girlfriend if you begin to deal with her like a queen.
Her Latin music flooded American radio stations and television options, bringing Latina presence into American popular culture. Immigrants have influenced at present's tradition in America by way of their practices, art, literature, and extra. Latina immigrants have influenced American literature courting again to the 19th century. Maria Amparo Ruiz de Burton was the first Mexican immigrant to put in writing a novel in English. Her literary works gave Latina girls within the United States a model new voice by delving into race, gender, and sophistication of the occasions. This set the tone for many Latino and Latina immigrants to create works in American society. For Mexican and Costa Rican women specifically, life in the United States represents a significant shift in alternatives for family life, as higher wages allow ladies the power to be more autonomous.
What to anticipate in a Data Software Assessment
What to anticipate From a great Antivirus Review
Panel Meeting Tips – How you can get the most out of Your Group meetings
Is usually ShareFile Perfect for Your Business?
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text:
package knot.msgpack.gen

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets

import knot.testKit.TestMemberNameToLongKey
import org.scalatest.FunSpec
import org.scalatest.Matchers._

class LongKeySpec extends FunSpec {
  describe("LongKey") {
    it("dump") {
      val root = LongKeyTree {
        Reflect.members[TestMemberNameToLongKey]
      }
      println(root.dump)
    }

    it("createKey64 offset") {
      val expected = LongKey.createKey64("2".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), 0)
      LongKey.createKey64("12".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), 1) should be(expected)
    }
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Adolescence and young adulthood is often a difficult enough time without serious illness. However, research has shown that cancer, and surviving cancer, at this age presents distinctive problems medically, socially and psychologically. This important work offers a glimpse into a previously under-researched area and contributes to a better understanding of the needs of young adults post cancer. Focusing not only on the physical effects, but also the social, cognitive, emotional and physiological consequences of surviving cancer in young adulthood, Anne Grinyer draws directly upon data collected from young adults who have been treated for cancer. The book is structured around themes they raised such as fertility; life plans; identity; psychological effects and physical effects. These issues are drawn together in the final chapter and related to clinical and professional practice as well as current policy. This book presents the voices of those who have lived through the experience of cancer in young adulthood, and links them to the theoretical and analytical literature. It will be of interest to professionals and researchers in nursing, social work, counselling and medicine as well as medical sociologists, young adults living with cancer and survivors of young adult cancer.
This issue of the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, guest edited by Drs. Adele Martel and Catherine Fuchs, aims to bridge the current state of knowledge about risk and resilience during the transition to adolescence for young people with mental illness with the need for developmentally-attuned and culturallycompetent strategies to engage and maintain them in treatment. Topics covered in this volume include, but are not limited to: Developmental Psychopathology and Resilience; Conceptualization of Mental Illness in Transitional Age Youth; Suicidal Behaviors and Suicide; Substance Abuse; Working with Parents/Family; Social Media; Youth Transitioning from Foster Care; Heading to College with a Psychiatric Diagnosis; Issues of Diversity, Integrated Identities and Mental Health in Transitional Age Youth; and Autism Spectrum Disorders, among others.
Good 163094419X Item in good condition. Textbooks may not include supplemental items i.e. CDs, access codes etc.
Romantic relationship formation and the engagement in sexual behaviors are normative and salient developmental tasks for adolescents and young adults. These developmental tasks are increasingly viewed from an ecological perspective, thus as strongly embedded in different social contexts, including the proximal social domains of parents, peers, and partners. This volume brings together seven recent empirical studies on adolescents' and young adults' romantic relationships and sexuality in the context of relationships with parents, peers, and partners. In this editorial introduction, we describe two important recent changes in the theoretical perspectives on emerging romantic relationships and sexual activity: from risky behaviors to normative tasks, and from individual to contextualized processes. We then discuss recent advances in empirical research on romantic relationships and sexuality of adolescents and young adults. After that, we review the seven studies in this volume, and discuss the contributions of these studies to the existing literature. Finally, we discuss directions for future research regarding how to further incorporate the interrelational perspective in empirical research on these topics, and how to bridge the gap between the research fields on romantic relationships and sexuality. This book was originally published as a special issue of the European Journal of Developmental Psychology .
What happens to homeless and runaway adolescents when they become adults? This is the first study that follows homeless youth into young adulthood and reviews the mental health consequences of runaway episodes and street life. The adolescents were interviewed every three months for three years from their mid teens to their early twenties. The study documents the psychological consequences associated with becoming adults when missing the critical developmental tasks of adolescence. The authors report high levels of psychological problems associated with victimization prior to and after running away. These victimization experiences shape the behaviors of these young people, affecting their relationships with others and their chances of conventional adjustment. Across time, the more successful their adaptation to street life and the street economy, the more barriers to conventional adult life emerge. The distress, including self-mutilation and suicidal behaviors, among this population is examined, as well as the impact street life has on future relationships, education, and employment. Nutritional and health problems are also explored, along with the social and economic impact of this population on society. As such, the book provides insight about why the current prevention and treatment programs are failing in an effort to help policy makers modify approaches to adolescent runaways. Intended as a supplementary text for undergraduate and/or graduate courses on homelessness, high risk youth, social deviance, adolescence and/or emerging adulthood taught in departments of psychology, human development, sociology, social work, and public health, this compellingbook will also appeal to anyone who works with homeless adolescents.
This practical college curriculum helps students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to begin to make the transition to the next stage of life - their career. With detailed personality and skills profiling, job-hunting strategies, and interview preparation, it is an ideal textbook for ASD college programs or for student self-study.


The North America Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) System Market would witness market growth of 9.1% CAGR during the forecast period (2017-2023). Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) is a powerful technology used to accurately read vehicle number plates without human intervention. Capturing High speed images with supporting illumination, detecting characters from the images, verification of the character sequences from the license plates, character recognition to convert image to text, are used to identify the license plate and the associated text of that plate. The demand for the fixed ANPR system is due to the growing need for monitoring traffic and collecting data in highways, bridges, tunnels, and public and private parking spaces. Nevertheless, the mobile ANPR system would witness significant growth and grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period.
Based on Types, the market report segments the market into Fixed and Mobile & Portable. Based on Components, the North America Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) System market report segments the market into ANPR Cameras, ANPR Software, Frame Grabber, Triggers and Others. Based on Applications, the market report segments the market into Traffic Management, Law Enforcement, Electronic Toll Collection, Parking Management, and Access Control. Based on Countries, the Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) System market report segments the market into US, Mexico, Canada, and Rest of North America.
The market research report covers the analysis of key stake holders of the North America Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) System Market. Key companies profiled in the report include Kapsch (Kapsch Trafficcom AG), Q-Free ASA, Siemens AG, Genetec Inc., ARH Inc., Robert Bosch (Bosch Security Systems, Inc.), Smartrac (Neology, Inc.), Digital Recognition Systems Ltd., Vigilant Solutions, Inc., and Tattile SRL.


text:
Immediately Following. Yes, Of Course We May Differ.
Posted by Paul R. Martin on July 28, 2002 03:18:14 UTC
When I wrote "in exactly the spirit you outline in your post" I should have followed it with a colon because the spirit I referred to is the spirit of the quote immediately following which I enclosed in exclamation points for emphasis.
***One of you has experience with this school of thought...do both of you?***
No. Not I.
Although I think that the history of ideas is fascinating, and probably rewarding to study, I don't think that by continuing in the tradition of "all the high-minded "debate" in the past 2,500 years" will serve us well at this point. What is unique about our time is that science has revealed a considerable amount of the truth of how the universe operates. Enough so that we may use that knowledge to solve all the old pressing problems that plagued humanity. These problems were provision of food, shelter from the elements, protection against predators and disease. Science has solved those problems in large part.
We now face different problems, and they are in large part due to man's inhumanity to man. I think the reason for it is because of vestiges of strategies that were necessary for survival before those other problems were solved. But now that they have been solved, those vestigial strategies cause more harm than good. Some examples of these are greed, competition, and excessive propagation.
What I am saying is that we should forget about analyzing and comparing traditional religious tenets and viewpoints and instead use our intellects to analyze our current situation knowing what we know at this point in history, determine what our major problems are, and devise agreeable strategies to solve those problems.
Hand the reins of power to the best formula rhetoric? - kantolfir2 - July 28, 2002 - 04:03 UTC
No, it's too early to tell - pmartin - July 28, 2002 - 04:30 UTC
There is no shared brain, only individual reverie + dialogue - kantolfir2 - July 28, 2002 - 16:39 UTC
Start over - pmartin - July 29, 2002 - 04:04 UTC
Problem solving depends on "imagining agreeable" outcomes - kantolfir2 - July 29, 2002 - 05:00 UTC
Now I get it - pmartin - July 29, 2002 - 16:10 UTC
Well, things aren't going so well - kantolfir2 - July 29, 2002 - 16:34 UTC
Now we have a disagreement - pmartin - July 29, 2002 - 17:20 UTC
thanks, but I meant my oilpan drain plug wouldn't come off - kantolfir2 - July 29, 2002 - 21:22 UTC
I have - spartacus - July 29, 2002 - 01:33 UTC
I agree, but we could be doing just that. - spartacus - July 28, 2002 - 19:15 UTC
in fact, if you had been here, you'd see we have been - kantolfir2 - July 28, 2002 - 23:58 UTC
What makes you think that I've been appealing... - spartacus - July 29, 2002 - 01:03 UTC
In addition, - spartacus - July 29, 2002 - 01:19 UTC
I'm not confusing those....biological evolution did the same. - kantolfir2 - July 29, 2002 - 05:09 UTC
You're still wrong about my opinion - spartacus - July 30, 2002 - 00:28 UTC
Daily, I find new things I make mistakes about! - kantolfir2 - July 30, 2002 - 04:51 UTC
Mike man... Ted listen! - emperor__alikar - August 1, 2002 - 02:39 UTC
I don't think anyone will drown here...thanks for the note - carefuluniverse - August 1, 2002 - 05:59 UTC
Actually I know ted personaly - emperor__alikar - August 3, 2002 - 03:21 UTC
Sorry - spartacus - July 30, 2002 - 00:56 UTC
Yes, we could. Scary isn't it? - pmartin - July 29, 2002 - 04:38 UTC
Maybe you're right... - spartacus - July 30, 2002 - 00:39 UTC
Yes, but only maybe - pmartin - July 30, 2002 - 04:57 UTC


text:
LINDA CRANFORD
Board Member, Asheboro City Schools Board of Education
Linda Cranford is a veteran school board member with 36 years of experience as an advocate for public education.
A lifelong resident of Asheboro, NC, Linda first joined her local board in 1983. Since then, she has continually championed public schools in her community, across the state, and on Capitol Hill. She was appointed to the NC School Boards Association Board of Directors in 1996 and was twice named an All-State Board Member. In 2008, Linda was elected to the National School Boards Association's Board of Directors and served two terms.
Linda holds a degree from Converse College in Spartanburg, South Carolina, where she served on the Alumnae Association Board of Directors for eight years and was named to The Converse 100.
Professionally, Mrs. Cranford is Director of Leadership and Legacy Gifts for United Way of Randolph County, and directs a private educational foundation serving local students.
Cranford is an active community volunteer and a Rotarian. She and her husband, Sam, have two grown children and four grandchildren, and are lifelong members of First United Methodist Church.


Beautiful Tuscan farmhouse with infinity pool, located in the Chianti countryside, a few km from the villages of San Donato in Poggio and Castellina in Chianti. Surrounded by a private garden with equipped patio, the villa can accommodate up to 14 + 2 people, has 7 bedrooms and 9 bathrooms.
Luxury villa with dependance, private garden and swimming pool, located in Tavarnelle Val di Pesa, in the Chianti area, halfway between Florence and Siena. It boasts several amenities (including the spa and the billiard room); it can accommodate up to 12 people for a total of 6 bedrooms and 5 bathrooms.
Recently renovated amazing villa for up to 12 guests in 6 bedrooms and 6 bathrooms, private swimming-pool, spa, jacuzzi, sauna, air conditioning and internet wi-fi located in the heart of the Chianti region famous for it's wine and wonderful countryside. This villa is the small version of Villa Pegaso 20, which sleeps 20.


text:
Home Biafra Featured IPOB IPOB THE FIRST AMONG EQUALS
IPOB THE FIRST AMONG EQUALS
By Ogechukwu Ubah (Abia Writers)
Edited by Livingrich Ezeikpe
The emergence of the Indigenous peoples of Biafra (IPOB) and her activities in 2014, has as a target the restoration of Biafra and has been working towards it. Her actions have been coming in stages; they have organized different types of protests from 2014 to date. After the first heroes remembrance day on the 30th of May 2014, organized in Enugu, the second one was at Aba 2015, and Nkpor for the 2016 edition.
A mega protest was held in the whole of Biafra land in 2015 where IPOB was divided into groups A and B. Group A which comprised of Abia, Akwa Ibom, Bayelsa, Cross Rivers, Imo and Rivers states walked from Bayelsa to Igweocha (Port Harcourt) to Aba, where Akwa Ibom and Cross Rivers have joined Abia and they moved to Imo state. Group B comprised of Igbanke in Edo state, Delta state, Anambra, Enugu and our brothers in Benue state. This group walked from Igbanke to join Delta, from Delta to Anambra and from Anambra to Enugu state where the Idomas and Agatus were waiting.
There have been series of peaceful demonstrations and evangelism in Biafraland, and even outside Biafra land, like Lagos and Abuja. Biafrans in the Diaspora are not left out as mega protests were held in over 80 countries in the quest for the restoration of Motherland. On 9th of February 2016, they assembled at National high school Aba for prayers, and on the 20th of January 2017, they also made their presence felt in Igweocha (Port Harcourt).
In all her peaceful protests, IPOB members have been openly killed, injured, abducted, arrested and detained. The ordeal IPOB has gone through in the hands of the Nigerian government is not hidden, everybody has seen it, and the World has been talking about it. It is also on record that IPOB children have conducted their own peaceful demonstration in quest of the restoration of motherland-Biafra.
The most recent is IPOB women protest in Owerri, on the 17th of August 2018 where over 150 of them were arrested and detained by the Nigerian government. IPOB spearheaded Anambra election boycott and are still ready to boycott the 2019 general elections in Nigeria. There was also a show of force protest by IPOB volunteers all over Biafraland on the 12th of September for the anticipated Saboteur's Day General Strike. Then there was the successful sit at home protest on 14th September 2018 which shut down the whole of Biafraland.
Some groups that existed before and after IPOB that claimed to restore Biafra, groups like MASSOB (Movement For The Actualisation Of Sovereign State Of Biafra), BIM (Biafran Independent Movement), RBI (Radio Biafra International), Zionist Movement, Lower Niger Congress e t c, are nowhere today. Their activities and roadmap for Biafra restoration leave a doubt whether they were actually created to restore Biafra.
What these groups do today is criticize IPOB. Any movement IPOB makes, they will criticize, but when they see the success of such moves, they will be the first to claim credit. They say IPOB is not getting it; if IPOB is not getting it, they should come up with their own agenda, and if it is better, IPOB will join them to make sure that Biafra is restored because that is all that matters to IPOB. Although criticism sometimes is good because they make one better, but it is constructive criticisms and not those borne out of jealousy. it cannot get Biafra.
Instead of criticizing IPOB, joining of effort can do better work. If for example, IPOB is protesting in Igweocha (Port Harcourt), and BIM is doing the same thing in Owerri, MASSOB at Aba, Zionist at Onitsha, Lower Niger Congress at Enugu or Asaba, e t c. Nigeria will be thrown into confusion, the world and the International bodies will be attracted quickly, and before long Biafra will be restored. Unnecessary criticism will keep Biafra far because the world will see the agitators as not being serious.
When Biafra restoration is pursued with every amount of seriousness without many saboteurs especially insiders, before you know it, Biafra is restored. My advice to all these groups, if actually they are there to restore Biafra, is that they should bring out their agenda and work towards it; otherwise, it will be assumed that they are working for the Nigerian government and also deceiving themselves.


Equivalent to a Doctorate in Management, the online CMI Level 8 Strategic Direction and Leadership course is designed for Directors and Senior Managers with responsibility for developing and implementing ethical and performance-driven strategy across multiple organisations, leading by example to inspire teams and provide clear direction.
The Award consists of 1 Unit and has a transferable credit value of a minimum of 10 credits.
The Certificate consists of 2 Units and has a transferable credit value of a minimum of 20 credits.
The Diploma consists of 7 Units and has a transferable credit value of a minimum of 67 credits.
Course content: 7 Units (credit value of 67 credits or more). Learners must complete: ALL Units in Group A and 1 Unit from Group B.
This unit aims to enable directors and senior managers to develop analytical and critical thinking skills to challenge the status quo in respect of inter-organisational strategy development, from a reasoned and researched perspective, and to propose alternatives.
This unit aims to enable directors and senior managers to develop their ability to critically analyse the impact of the media, pressure and political groups on stakeholders and inter-organisational policy and strategy, and to develop innovative ways of using the media to best effect.
This unit is about the strategic leadership skills required by directors and senior managers to lead organisations involved in inter-organisational strategic activity.
This unit is designed to enable directors and senior managers to develop their knowledge and understanding of strategic planning across organisations whilst maintaining the integrity of the individual strategies of participating organisations.
This unit is designed to enable directors and senior managers to research and evaluate the contemporary strategic context of inter-organisational collaboration, and to forecast, based on researched data, likely future situations.


How To Change Violin Strings?
I hear a sigh of relief – finally a guide to show me how to change violin strings! We know violin strings are important components of the violin, and we know that the quality of the strings does determine the sound produced by the violin.
However, what worry most violinists, usually the beginner and intermediate players, is how to change violin strings when the violin needed one. But their worries stop here. While you can have a professional to change strings for you, this guide will show you how to change violin strings safely, and hassle-free.
Of course, get your violin strings first!
If your violin strings are broken, and you're unsure what are the strings to buy, check out this guide to learn how to choose violin strings.
Yes! You've made the choice about the type of strings you'll get, and the brand too. But If you've not bought the strings, you can check out our Violin Music Shop for the latest deals of violin strings!
– In 6 Simple Steps!
All ready? let's change your violin strings now!
Here is the step-by-step guide to help you, change all your strings.
1. Get all your strings ready. Separate them out with G, D, A, E. Have your violin by your side too.
2. When we change violin strings, most will start from the G first, also the lowest strings of all. Unwound the peg at the top for G string only, and remove them slowly. Note: Remove the G string only, and leave other strings intact. Do not remove all at once.
3. With your new G string in hand, insert the top end of the string into the peg. At the bottom, insert the ball end of the new G string into the tailpiece. Both sides of the new G string is being secured in the violin but not tightened.
4. With right hand on the loose G string, and left hand on the peg, turn the peg 'away from you' to tighten the string. Turn the peg slowly, and lower your right hand with the G string, onto the fingerboard, until the whole G string rested on the violin bridge.
5. Now, the string is slightly secured and tightened, but is flabby and not tuned to the right note. You could now take our your violin tuner, or simply tune the violin yourself to bring the G string to the right note. Click here to learn how to tune your violin.
6. Once G string is changed, you can move on to change the next string, D, by repeating step 2 again. Repeat the steps until all strings are changed.
After you have changed your strings, do note that you might require regular tuning in the next 48 hours, depending on the type of violin strings you use.
Don't throw away your old violin strings– if they are not broken. Most old violin strings still can be used and played, just that they are of lower quality now. Keep them in case of emergency. Or you can buy an additional set of violin strings for spare.
1. While you're turning the pegs to tighten the strings, look at the strings wounding around the peg. Make sure they are wounded properly and tidily. This will help you secure the strings, and make tuning easier later on.
2. Do not turn the pegs too fast while you're fastening and tightening the strings. This is especially important for new violin strings. New strings have not been stretched, hence, turning too fast might risk breaking them.
4. If you face any difficulties when you change violin strings, such as securing the strings, turning the pegs…etc, and you still couldn't overcome it, get a professional to help you.
5. You do not have to wait till your strings break or unwound itself before you change violin strings. The more you play, the faster your strings will wear off. Hence, concert violinists do change their strings frequently, some as much as bi-weekly or monthly. However, do not let this stops you from playing the violin everyday. Do Change violin strings frequently to prevent them from breaking in crucial times – live performances.
More questions on how to change violin strings? Leave them below!


The Telescope Array RADAR experiment is a bi-static radar search for Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR). Here we describe an upgrade and re-deployment of two of our detectors, which, owing to their isolation from the main detector apparatus on Long Ridge, Millard County, UT, are called the Remote Stations (RS). The upgrade described here comprises a total overhaul of the trigger and timing systems, with improvements in signal-to-noise ratio sensitivity of approximately 30 dB. Our new firmware-based trigger method is sensitive to expected signals at SNR of -4 dB at high efficiency. Bench-top tests indicate that this new system is sensitive to a Radar Cross Section (RCS) of order one square meter. Deployment of the overhauled stations took place in February 2016, with a planned data-taking duration of 3-6 weeks.


text:
[![cis version][cis-version-image]][porezna-spec]
[![build status][ci-status-image]][ci-url]
[![nuget version][nuget-version-image]][nuget-url]

_**Napomena**: Zbog promjene u minimalnoj verziji TLS enkripcije od `CIS v1.3` ova komponenta zahtjeva **.NET 4.5** za komunikaciju sa serverom ([detaljnije](#cis-v13---tls-v11--tls-v12)).
Zbog ove promjene izdan je novi release COM komponente `v1.2.1-com`._

.NET (C#) wrapper oko generiranog SOAP klijenta za pozivanje fiskalizacijskog servisa porezne uprave `CIS WSDL v1.4`.

Sa Microsoft [Wsdl.exe][wsdl.exe] tool-om su generirane proxy klase sa strukturom po WSDL shemi koja je objavljena na stranicama porezne uprave [Tehničke specifikacije][porezna-spec] i koja je uključena u source kôd projekta.
Preko generiranog SOAP klijenta [FiskalizacijaService][fiscalization-service.cs] se rade svi SOAP pozivi prema __CIS__ servisu. Kompletna implementacija je u [Fiscalization][fiscalization.cs] klasi sa dodatkom async metoda u [Fiscalization.Async.cs][fiscalization-async.cs] file-u. :smile:

Runtime:
- **.NET 4.5** (`CIS v1.3` zahtjeva `TLS v1.1` ili `TLS v1.2` HTTPS enkripciju)

**Testirano i sa demo certifikatom [Fina okoline 2014/2015][fina-demo-2014].**

**Postoji release [.NET COM komponente][docs-com] sa primjerima za __VBA__, __VBScript__ i __Access__**.

## Cilj projekta

* __uključiti source kôd u postojeći projekt__ umjesto referenciranja third party dll-a,
naravno dostupan i kao [NuGet][nuget-url] package
* jednostavan upgrade u slučaju promjene sheme CIS servisa uz __compile-time check__
* svaki poziv servisa treba automatski odraditi __generiranje ZKI kôda i potpisivanje__, isto tako i __provjeru potpisa CIS odgovora__, ali imati i opcije
`Sign(ICisRequest, X509Certificate2)` i `GenerateZki(RacunType, X509Certificate2)`
* sve __greške__ koje šalje CIS servis pretvoriti u __Exception__-e, unificirati logiranje i imati pregled svih grešaka na jednak način
* ne parsirati raw SOAP poruke, a istovremeno omogućiti potpisivanje i __logiranje raw poruka__

## Instalacija

Kako najjednostavnije uključiti __kôd__ u svoj projekt?!

#### NuGet

Instalacijom [NuGet][nuget-url] package-a kreira se _Cis_ folder u projektu sa source kôdom.

```
PM> Install-Package Cis.Fiscalization
```

[![Nuget screenshot][nuget-screenshot]][nuget-url]

#### Copy

Dovoljno je iskopirati [FiskalizacijaService.cs][fiscalization-service.cs], [Fiscalization.cs][fiscalization.cs] i/ili [Fiscalization.Async.cs][fiscalization-async.cs].

## API

Sastoji od dvije glavne metode (u dva okusa __async__ i sync) za slanje podataka na servis
```cs
public static class Fiscalization
{
    // Async .NET 4.5 :: Fiscalization.Async.cs
    Task<RacunOdgovor> SendInvoiceAsync(RacunType invoice, X509Certificate2 cert);
    Task<ProvjeraOdgovor> CheckInvoiceAsync(RacunType invoice, X509Certificate2 cert)

    // Sync :: Fiscalization.cs
    RacunOdgovor SendInvoice(RacunType invoice, X509Certificate2 cert);
    ProvjeraOdgovor CheckInvoice(RacunType invoice, X509Certificate2 cert);
}
```

Svaka metoda još opcionalno prima funkciju `Action<FiskalizacijaService>` za postavljanje
parametara generiranoj proxy klasi __FiskalizacijaService__ (npr. url, timeout...).

Za _RacunType, RacunOdgovor, ProvjeraOdgovor_ i ostale generirane proxy klase vidi source [FiskalizacijaService.cs][fiscalization-service.cs].

Primjer poziva servisa za slanje računa
```cs
// Kreiranje računa za za fiskalizaciju
var invoice = new RacunType()
{
    BrRac = new BrojRacunaType()
    {
        BrOznRac = "1",
        OznPosPr = "1",
        OznNapUr = "1"
    },
    DatVrijeme = DateTime.Now.ToString(Fiscalization.DATE_FORMAT_LONG),
    IznosUkupno = 3.ToString("N2", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
    NacinPlac = NacinPlacanjaType.G,
    NakDost = false,
    Oib = oib,
    OibOper = "98642375382",
    OznSlijed = OznakaSlijednostiType.N,
    Pdv = new[]
    {
        new PorezType
        {
            Stopa = 25.ToString("N2", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
            Osnovica = 2.34.ToString("N2", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture),
            Iznos = .56.ToString("N2", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)
        }
    },
    USustPdv = true
};

X509Certificate2 certificate = ...;

// Generiraj ZKI, potpiši, pošalji račun i provjeri potpis CIS odgovora
RacunOdgovor response = await Fiscalization.SendInvoiceAsync(invoice, certificate);

// Odgovor sa JIR-om i zahtjevom (sa header podacima, potpisom) i poslanim računom
string jir = response.Jir;
RacunZahtjev request = (RacunZahtjev)response.Request; // ICisRequest
var isTrue = request.Racun == invoice;

// ili dodatno sa postavljanjem opcija
// fs == instanca generirane proxy klase FiskalizacijaService
RacunOdgovor response = await Fiscalization.SendInvoiceAsync(invoice, certificate, fs =>
{
    // SOAP service settings
    // Change service URL
    // default = Fiscalization.SERVICE_URL_PRODUCTION
    fs.Url = Fiscalization.SERVICE_URL_DEMO;

    // Set request timeout in miliseconds
    // default = 100s
    fs.Timeout = 2000;

    // Set response signature checking
    // default = true
    fs.CheckResponseSignature = true;
});
```

## CIS v1.3 - TLS v1.1 & TLS v1.2

Od `CIS v1.3` verzija protokola za enkripciju preko HTTPS-a je `TLS v1.1` ili `TLS v1.2`.

Ova komponenta koristi `System.Net` za komunikaciju u kojoj su ti protokoli podržani od **.NET 4.5** verzije.
.NET 4.6 ima default postavljenu verziju TLS 1.2 dok .NET 4.5 nema pa se to može napraviti na sljedeći način:

```cs
ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = SecurityProtocolType.Tls11 | SecurityProtocolType.Tls12;
```

## Logiranje raw SOAP poruka

Logiranje se radi preko implementacije partial metode na __FiskalizacijaService__ klasi.
Par linija kôda govori 1000 riječi - __odlazna i dolazna SOAP poruka kao XmlDocument__.

Ovako bi mogao izgledati trace ili file logger
```cs
// MyCisLogger.cs
// Implementacija mora biti u projektu gdje i Cis.FiskalizacijaService klasa
namespace Cis
{
    public partial class FiskalizacijaService
    {
        partial void LogResponseRaw(XmlDocument request, XmlDocument response)
        {
            // Trace logger
            Trace.WriteLine(request.OuterXml);
            Trace.WriteLine(response.OuterXml);

            // File logger
            File.AppendAllText(logFileName, request.OuterXml, Encoding.UTF8);
            File.AppendAllText(logFileName, response.OuterXml, Encoding.UTF8);
        }
    }
}
```

## Testiranje

U [test][test-dir] projektu je [TestEnvironment][test-environment.cs] klasa koja
učitava demo certifikat koji nije uključen u projekt; moguće je
- u source-u specificirati OIB, putanju do certifikata (.pfx), lozinku i/ili
- postaviti `FIS_OIB`, `CERT_BASE64` i `CERT_PWD` _environment_ varijable
```
SET FIS_OIB=<OIB poslovnog subjekta>
SET CERT_BASE64=<certifikat poslovnog subjekta kao base64 enkodirani string>
SET CERT_PWD=<lozinka certifikata>

start Fiscalization.sln
```

## License

[The MIT License (MIT)][license]

[docs-com]: ./docs/fiscalization-com.md
[docs-com-api]: ./docs/fiscalization-com-api.md
[cis-version-image]: https://cdn.rawgit.com/tgrospic/Cis.Fiscalization/master/docs/cis-service-version-1.4.svg
[fiscalization.cs]: ./src/Fiscalization/Cis/Fiscalization.cs
[fiscalization-async.cs]: ./src/Fiscalization/Cis/Fiscalization.Async.cs
[fiscalization-service.cs]: ./src/Fiscalization/Cis/FiskalizacijaService.cs
[test-dir]: ./test/Fiscalization
[test-environment.cs]: ./test/Fiscalization/TestEnvironment.cs
[license]: ./LICENSE

[ci-status-image]: https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/gumgktf8bs0r4xsm?svg=true
[ci-url]: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/tgrospic/cis-fiscalization
[wsdl.exe]: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/7h3ystb6(VS.80).aspx
[porezna-spec]: http://www.porezna-uprava.hr/HR_Fiskalizacija/Stranice/Tehni%C4%8Dke-specifikacije.aspx
[nuget-url]: http://nuget.org/packages/Cis.Fiscalization
[nuget-version-image]: https://img.shields.io/nuget/v/Cis.Fiscalization.svg
[nuget-screenshot]: ./docs/nuget_screenshot.png
[fina-demo-2014]: http://www.fina.hr/Default.aspx?sec=1730


text:
<!DOCTYPE html>

    <title>Shadowsocks GUI</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/bootstrap.min.css"/>

    Please fill in the blanks and click Save.

    <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert">×</button>

        Server IP

                <input class="left" type="text" id="inputServerIP" data-key="server" autocomplete="off" data-provide="typeahead" placeholder="Server IP">

                    <button class="btn dropdown-toggle right" data-toggle="dropdown">

                    </button>

 123.123.123.123:8388

 123.123.123.123:8388

 Use Public Server

 Create A New Profile

 Delete Current Profile

        Server Port

            <input type="text" id="inputServerPort" data-key="server_port" placeholder="Server Port">

        Username

            <input type="text" id="inputUsername" data-key="username" placeholder="Username">

        Password

            <input type="password" id="inputPassword" data-key="password" placeholder="Password">

        SOCKS 5 Proxy Port

            <input type="text" id="inputLocalPort" data-key="local_port" placeholder="Local Port" value="1080">

        Encryption Method

            <select id="selectMethod" data-key="method">
                <option value="table" selected>Table (Default)</option>
                <option value="aes-256-cfb">AES-256-CFB</option>
                <option value="aes-192-cfb">AES-192-CFB</option>
                <option value="aes-128-cfb">AES-128-CFB</option>
                <option value="bf-cfb">BF-CFB (Blowfish)</option>
                <option value="camellia-256-cfb">CAMELLIA-256-CFB</option>
                <option value="camellia-192-cfb">CAMELLIA-192-CFB</option>
                <option value="camellia-128-cfb">CAMELLIA-128-CFB</option>
                <option value="cast5-cfb">CAST5-cfb</option>
                <option value="des-cfb">DES-CFB</option>
                <option value="idea-cfb">IDEA-CFB</option>
                <option value="rc2-cfb">RC2-CFB</option>
                <option value="rc4">RC4</option>
                <option value="seed-cfb">SEED-CFB</option>
            </select>

        Timeout in Second

            <input type="number" id="inputTimeout" data-key="timeout" placeholder="Timeout" value="600" min=10>

            <button id="buttonSave" class="btn btn-primary"> Save</button>
            <button id="buttonConsole" class="btn btn-info"> Debug</button>
            <button id="buttonAbout" class="btn"></button>


text:
'Selena: The Series' Review: Misses the Mark
Sofia Bezila
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Enola Holmes, directed by Henry Bradbeer, makes for a fairly decent family movie. Based on the book The Case of the Missing Marquess: An Enola Holmes Mystery, by Nancy Springer,...
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The Outsider Review
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Are high school start and end times beneficial to kids? School times impact teenage health and starting as early as 7:00am, is too early. Kids are supposed to do extracurricular activities, have a job,...
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It's less than a month till the 2020 November Presidential elections which some students in the Quakertown...
On September 7th, 2020, Caster Semenya lost her legal battle against Switzerland's Supreme Court over...
Selena Quintanilla is a household name that sparked inspiration and a love for family all over the globe. Selena's story was supposed to be one of a legend who would live on to do even greater things,...
The show that opens a door to a world of intense authenticity. The show that dives into the mind of an addict suffering from mental health disorders. The show that is meant to serve as a guide for young...
October 20, 2020 • No Comments
Enola Holmes, directed by Henry Bradbeer, makes for a fairly decent family movie. Based on the book The Case of the Missing Marquess: An Enola Holmes Mystery, by Nancy Springer, the movie follows Enola,...
Recent Entertainment / Arts Stories
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The Outsider Review March 11, 2020
Animation: A film style 20+ years in the making March 2, 2020
For so many people, the year 2020 brought so many ups and downs, twists and turns, and changes to the daily, routine lifestyle that they became accustomed to. A lot of those daily procedures probably...
The coronavirus has affected nearly all parts of daily life. From a trip to the grocery store, to connecting with friends and family, everything must be done with precaution nowadays. Sports included,...
March 11th, 2020, what was thought to be an ordinary Wednesday, turned into a day marked in history for the sports world. As many sports fans sat down and casually enjoyed their free time on a Wednesday...
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Finding Home, Children of Diaspora
Perpetual Kahindo, Staff Writer | January 11, 2021
I was born under the East African Sun where the Lions never sleep and the days seem to last forever. Kenya, which smells like samosas, looks too beautiful to be true, and sounds like Swahili love songs, was all I knew. Until my Parents packed everything up and moved us to America, the country filled with an abundance of opportunities. Like most Immigrant families, culture is very important,...
Michael Staudenmeier | January 11, 2021
A hotly debated topic throughout the country right now is take the vaccine or do not take a Covid-19 vaccination. Pfizer, a pharmaceutical company, is leading the work on creating a vaccine and believe they have found a vaccine that will work to prevent Covid-19. Pfizer's head of vaccine development and research, Kathrin Jansen, started working on a Covid-19 vaccine almost immediately after hearing...
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text:
By John Laughland Special to the Moscow news
According to a widely-held view, the election of Barack Obama is good news for Russia. The new US president - runs the argument- will abandon the confrontational style of George W. Bush and adopt a more conciliatory line in foreign affairs, including in relations with Moscow. There is little doubt that the Bush presidency has been disastrous for both America and the world. Any end to Republican control of the White House can therefore only seem welcome. Unfortunately, however, there are in fact many grounds for pessimism about the future of East-West relations under President Obama.
The first is of course the likely foreign policy of President Obama himself. Vice-President elect Joe Biden is notorious for his anti-Russian views. In his speech accepting the Democratic nomination in August, Biden specifically attacked the Bush administration for failing to face down Russia, i.e. for directing its attacks against the wrong enemy. At a speech on foreign policy in Cincinnati on 25 September, Biden said that Russia was as much of a threat as Iran, and he spoke warmly of his visit to "Misha" Saakashvili, the president of Georgia with whom he is evidently on first-name terms.
But the main ground for pessimism lies in relations with Europe. President Medvedev's principal foreign policy initiative since his election has been to woo European leaders, especially at Evian last month. His proposals for a new European security pact are an attempt to give Russia a foothold in military structures which currently exclude her, and thereby to reduce American dominance over them. As such, his proposals should be seen as the continuation of a long-standing geopolitical project for Moscow, which goes back at least to the signature of the Helsinki accords by the USSR in 1975.
However, the election of a Democrat as US president means that it is the US-EU relationship which will now be reinvigorated, not the relationship between Europe and Russia. The Bush years have been exceptionally difficult for the pro-American elite which governs Europe. All the major players in European politics are viscerally pro-US (and anti-Russian) but their basic desire to like America - and to be like America, for instance by creating a United States of Europe -has been thwarted by the contempt in which George Bush is held around the world (and indeed in his own country) and by the evident stupidity of his foreign policy.
In contrast to a Bush who revels in his reputation as a redneck, Barack Obama embodies all the values with which European leaders are themselves infatuated - left-liberalism, youth, dynamism, change, even ethnic diversity. In the run-up to the poll, they have hardly been able to contain their excitement at the prospect of his election. Why, Obama even writes books. Years of pent-up pro-Americanism will therefore now flood out as soon as the mood music of multilateralism starts to be played once more in the White House. EU leaders will again be able to identify "America" with "progress," just as they did when they were young, and they will swoon with delight whenever President Obama proposes some new international (i.e. trans-Atlantic) plan to spread Western political values around the world (and to augment the power of the West over it). By contrast, they see Russia as politically reactionary and as a threat to the most cherished ideals.
This much has been evident from recent statements by two leading EU politicians. Last week, in his annual speech to the European Union's Institute for Security Studies in Paris, the EU High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy, Javier Solana, spoke with obvious warmth and enthusiasm of the trans-Atlantic alliance. He said, "I have been and remain and firm believer in the power of the US and Europe to act as a force for good in the world," and uttered not a single word of criticism of US foreign policy over the last dreadful eight years.
When he came to speak of Russia, however, his tone of voice hardened and grew cold. He spoke as if Russia were a country with which he was obliged but reluctant to do business. He dropped a heavy hint that Russia was using energy exports as a strategic weapon which is a severe accusation to make against a neighbouring country with which the EU is trying to negotiate a partnership agreement - and he dismissed President Medvedev's proposal for a new European security pact (inasmuch as he mentioned it at all) as too "vague" to merit any consideration now. He even said condescendingly that Russians have a special political mindset which Europeans had a duty to try to fathom, as if Russia were suffering from some strange collective psychosis. Solana's pro-US credentials, of course, have never been in doubt: he was Secretary-General of NATO during the Alliance's three-month attack on Yugoslavia in 1999.
(from The Moscow News, #44/7, 13 November 2008)


text:
City Airport Mannheim, også benævnt Mannheim City Airport eller Flugplatz Mannheim-Neuostheim (IATA: MHG, ICAO: EDFM), er en regional lufthavn ved byen Mannheim i delstaten Baden-Württemberg, Tyskland.

Placering
Lufthavnen ligger 3,5 km øst for byens centrum i distriktet Neuostheim. Den er omgivet af motorveje på begge sider, og mange høje bygninger tæt på gør den til en udfordrende lufthavn for piloter og flyvekontrollen. På grund af sin nærhed til byens centrum har der været hyppige diskussioner om at flytte lufthavnen til den amerikanske Coleman Army Airfield, som ligger i den nordlige bydel Sandhofen. Men disse planer er blevet afvist, efter at en ny terminalbygning blev opført på det nuværende sted.

Historie
Luftfarten i Mannheim begyndte med luftskibskonstruktøren Schütte-Lanz i 1909. Hans første luftskib, kaldet SL 1, gik i luften fra Mannheim-Rheinau i 1911. Med den voksende betydning af luftskibe til militære formål blev en ny flyveplads med hangarer og kaserne åbnet i det nordlige Mannheim, hvor Schönau-distriktet er beliggende i dag. Ved slutningen af 1. Verdenskrig var der blevet bygget 22 luftskibe i Mannheim. I 1922 blev alle bygninger revet ned som en følge af Versaillestraktaten.

Den første kommercielle lufthavn i Mannheim blev indviet den 16. maj 1925 som Flughafen Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ludwigshafen i det nordlige distrikt Sandhofen. Med dens åbning blev Mannheim et vigtigt knudepunkt for flyvningen i Tyskland imellem nord og syd. I slutningen af 1920'erne og begyndelsen af 1930'erne drev Deutsche Aero Lloyd gods- og passagerflyvning fra Hamborg til Zürich med stop i Mannheim. Balair fra Schweiz fløj mellem Genève og Amsterdam via Basel, Mannheim, Frankfurt og Essen.

I 1926 blev flyvepladsen flyttet til sin nuværende placering. Samme år blev Lufthansa grundlagt i Berlin. En Lufthansa flyveplan fra 1930'erne viser rutefly fra Mannheim til Frankfurt via Darmstadt ligesom destinationer som Stuttgart, Saarbrücken og Konstanz var en del af rutenettet fra Mannheim. I 1939 startede Lufthansa op med nonstop flyvninger til hovedstaden Berlin med forskellige Junkers fly.

Under 2. Verdenskrig blev lufthavnen alvorligt beskadiget. Efter krigen var lufthavnen besat af den amerikanske hær. Terminalbygningen og hangarer blev delvis nedrevet og renoveret. Flyvepladsen blev genåbnet for offentligheden i 1958. Den voksende størrelse på efterkrigstidens fly gjorde, at stedet ikke længere kunne betjenes af alle de store flyselskaber, og den blev hovedsagelig anvendt til privatflyvning på grund af den korte landingsbane. Denne blev i 1973 forlænget til 1000 meter og belagt med asfalt.

I 1986 oprettede Deutsche Rettungsflugwacht en base for redningshelikoptere. Arcus-Air Logistic startede også op med passagerflyvninger på en rute imellem Mannheim og Oberpfaffenhofen nær München med et Dornier Do 228 fly. I 1991 startede firmaet også ruter til Leipzig og Dresden. I 1997 startede Cosmos Air (tidl. Arcus-Air Logistic) ruter til London City Airport og Berlin-Tempelhof. Ruten til London blev lukket året efter. Indtil da havde man benyttet en terminal lavet af containere, og i 1988 indviede man en helt ny hovedterminal. I 1991 udvidede man landingsbanen endnu engang, så den nu var 1186 meter lang.

Cosmos Air blev i 1999 overtaget af Cirrus Airlines og med det startede en ny æra for lufthavnen. Cirrus blev Team Lufthansa partner i 2000 og fløj alle sine ruter på vegne af Lufthansa. Selskabet startede mange nye ruter op, og antallet af passagerer gik kraftigt i vejret. Fra 78.000 i 1988 havde man i 2006 næsten 200.000 passagerer, der gik igennem terminalen. I 2007 rev man de gamle hangarer ned og byggede en helt ny.

Det største fly, der er landet i Mannheim, er et Transall C-160 fra Luftwaffe. Den sidste flyvning fra den nu lukkede Flughafen Berlin-Tempelhof gik med Cirrus Airlines den 30. oktober 2008 til Mannheim.

Selskaber
Det er kun Cirrus Airlines, der har ruter fra Mannheim. I sommeren 2009 havde det ruter til Hamborg og Berlin-Tegel.

Eksterne henvisninger
 City Airport Mannheim officiel site

Mannheim, City Airport
Luftfart i Baden-Württemberg
Etableret i 1925

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Limit of one (1) package per Hilton Honors account.
Package includes access for two (2) to on Friday, November 30, 2018. Must have tickets to the show in order to attend this experience. Limit of one (1) package per Hilton Honors account. Casual attire. Occasionally, concerts are cancelled or postponed. Should this occur, we will attempt to contact you to inform you of refund of Hilton Honors Points or rescheduled date of said event. The winning bidder may not resell items and/or experiences redeemed through the Hilton Honors Auction site and may not re-market, resell or otherwise transfer or dispose of an experience without obtaining Hilton Honors' prior written consent. Hilton Honors Member will be disqualified from claiming the experience if his or her account does not have sufficient Points at time of auction closing. Hilton Honors member will receive notification of Point redemption via email. Members may only redeem for up to five (5) total packages per year. All other Hilton Honors Auction Terms and Conditions Apply.


If you always believed that buying an ISUZU and having it transferred to Peru was just a dream, then there is good news for you; now it is possible to export a car into your country easily! All you have to do is to sit at your computer and select the car that you wish to purchase, place your order and the classy foreign car you have always dreamt of possessing will be ready at your doorstep! This has been made possible by www.auctionexport.com.
At the auction export website, you can choose from a large range of ISUZU, from clean to salvaged cars, and different models like Alfa Romeo Spider Vel, Alfa Romeo Milano Gol and the 164 models. But you have to remember that at auction export, the process does not last very long, especially the salvaged models are sold as single pieces. So you get the chance to buy a salvaged model only once. So if you really like something, just go for it fast instead of wasting your time and losing the opportunity.
The price of the cars is determined by the bid price, so very often, you can buy a really good car at a very cheap price, especially the salvaged cars that require a lot of modification. So if you really like cars and know how to make good use of them, then there is no reason for you not to register yourself here and make your bid as soon as possible!


text:
F1 / sports
tito39222 a month ago
Alonso wins in his first two participations, a milestone dating from 1929
Fernando Alonso continues to make history for Spanish and World motorsport. The Asturian driver is the second driver to achieve the victory in his first two races at the 24 Hours of Le Mans. The British Woolf Barnato managed to win in his first three appearances in 1028, 29 and 30 aboard a Bentley, went to the sixth, seventh and eighth edition of the legendary race. Despite a Toyota # 8 depleted in performance, Fernando never gave up and kept the car at a sufficient distance to take advantage of any mishap. The plan of Toyota to distribute the prizes, World for Alonso and his and the 24 Hours for the other car, were frustrated with the puncture of Pechito Lopez, less than 50 minutes from the checkered flag.
franz54updated 7 months ago
Tests 2018 post-season F1
franz54 8 months ago
Hamilton closes a great season 2018 with victory
PRE-CAREER: GRAND PRIX OF BRAZIL F1 2018
apoloo 8 months ago
"¿Ferrari this year?, I was a champion with 10 laps to go"
razzakratan1989 9 months ago
F1, GP Mexico:#Formula 1 Grand prix of the 2018 season
razzakratan1989 10 months ago
Formula 1: This is talked about in the paddock in Suzuka
score.com 10 months ago
Todt: Rumours of F1 going electric are 'nonsense'


Discussion in 'NF Archives' started by CrimsonSoulz, Oct 13, 2006.
Well those guys should be a little easier then Evrae. I would focus on the machina enemies first, then the flame throwers. Also have Riku ready to heal with the Albed Potions you should have stocked up on. Lulu would work well with her second or even third level spells (if you have them) against the Machina and normally Wakka and Auron can kill the monks pretty quickly.
In case you haven't done it yet, definitely remember to take out any and all Machina foes at the start. Thrust Kick and the missile attacks are not welcome attacks considering TK can remove one of your players from the fight and the other does a sizable chunk of damage. I'd suggest alternating between Auron, Wakka, Riku, and maybe Tidus if he has Hastega. Auron can do great against the soldiers and the kicking Machina (forget the name) while Wakka can do great against the flying Machina. Riku can can be swapped from Tidus and heal when necessary with Al Bhed Potions while Tidus could be used for Hastega and his physical attacks.
Just use Auron, Tidus, Wakka and unload. Nothing much else to it.
How many battles are their all together????
Haste is assential you shoudl really know it but props you managed to beat that dragon. I haven't beat it yet though I left the game for a good while I will try it later on today need to level up my characters though.
You should have had that by Kilika at the very latest.
And there's about 7 battles with Monk's and Bevelle Machina.
Hope you run into a lot of Chimera's, because Evil Eye's, Dual Horn's, and Bomb's wont give you a lot of AP.
if i were you i would pack a crap load of potions and use tidus, rikku, and lulu. there is also a alternative...level up like you've never leveled up before!!
It's ok. Haste(ga) makes things easier and a bit smoother, but if you just follow the general strategy I laid out, you'll be good without a doubt.
Haste is only especially useful against enemies that use Slow.


If in case you have decided to take a correct care of your automobile, then you definitely undoubtedly ought to rent a skilled mechanic for log e-book servicing and auto repairs. In your town, you may find numerous corporations that provide vehicle providers at affordable charges. Nicely, do not even imagine that of 1, mechanic can repair your automobile at lower price then you definately will not get a high quality service. There are such a lot of service providers on the web from where you will get the most effective auto repairs and log ebook servicing.
Within the automotive trade there are questions that mechanics and office staff in garages all over the world, are requested time and time once more. Universities are wonderful to form students in their respective fields, nevertheless, we cannot pretend that from Engineering we can change to Design Grasp Program and we are designers! Our course is taught in modern, function-built premises with impressive facilities. The modules you absorb Yr 1 cover fundamental work in engineering, applied mathematics, manufacturing techniques and ancillary subjects similar to electronics, CAD and Enterprise Management.


text:
Q: Chrome app install open site first run I want to after you install the application start automatically open page, how to do it?
My code
manifest.json
  {
  "manifest_version": 2,
  "name": "CNN",
  "version": "2.1",
  "permissions": ["webview", "pointerLock", "geolocation", "videoCapture"],
  "app": {
    "background": {
      "scripts": ["main.js"]
    }
  }
}

main.js
'use strict';
chrome.app.runtime.onLaunched.addListener(function() {
    window.open("https://google.com/");
});

A: Use a different listener: chrome.runtime.onInstalled and chrome.browser.openTab (since Chrome 42):

*

*manifest.json: add "browser" to "permissions".

*background script:
chrome.app.runtime.onInstalled.addListener(function(details) {
    chrome.browser.openTab({url: 'https://www.example.com'});
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


His early interest to steelhead carried over to adulthood. He has lived much of the past twenty years on the west-side of the Olympic Peninsula, and for over a decade he fished an average of 340 days a year. He spent that time adapting a style of casting and fishing in isolation -- wading deep, casting far, and swimming the fly broadside rather than solely swinging -- to solve the unique challenges of catching large winter steelhead in the brawling rainforest rivers.
He also spent 100's of days snorkeling the rivers, not only to inform his angling but also because he is a fisheries scientist. He has published numerous peer-reviewed articles in scientific journals, the vast majority of which has focused on the biology and ecology of steelhead and rainbow trout. In addition, he has authored two books and several book chapters on steelhead and other topics, and his underwater photography and videography has been broadly published in books, magazines, newspapers, movies and television. His latest publication is the book May the Rivers Never Sleep, which was a collaboration with his father Bill McMillan and pays homage to the strong conservation influence of Roderick Haig-Brown.
He now works as the Science Director for Trout Unlimited's Wild Steelhead Initiative after spending the previous five years studying steelhead and salmon recolonization in the Elwha River. Much of his professional scientific study has focused on the biology, behavior and ecology of steelhead and rainbow trout, with a particular interest in the mechanisms influencing why individual fish adopt particular life history strategies -- such as anadromy and residency.
He also focuses on educating citizens about science and believes that every angler owes it to themselves – and the fish – to minimize their impacts by handling fish well. That is why he is so excited to be an Ambassador for the Keep-em-wet movement. Not only does the movement include some of the best scientists and advocates, but it also focuses on doing what we can as anglers to ensure that the fish swims away in the best shape possible. That is something he fully supports the movement by Bryan Huskey and others, because it is up to each generation to do what they can to ensure the next generation has a chance to fish for the incredible wild steelhead.
John McMillan's Instagram page (@rainforest_steel) is perhaps the most fascinating, interesting and inspiring as anything we've ever seen. View his underwater adventures and captivating narratives here.


If you need more space, greater privacy or extra room for expressing your creativity, this double-storey loft home welcomes you into its light and bright interior. The 68 m2 area is cleverly maximised by placing the kitchen comfortably under the staircase leading to the loft. The open-plan living/dining room is spacious - truly a room for living in! Two full bathrooms contribute to all the other unexpected advantages that this 3-bedroomed design offers an active family.


Cookie cupcakes: Cookies disguised as cute little cupcakes.
Introducing…. Cookie cupcakes! Looks like a cupcake. Tastes like a cookie. See? Cookies. That look like mini cupcakes. Cupcake cookies. Precious cookie cupcakes you might just need to make for a birthday party.
*You can use any frosting you like, but it should be stiff enough to hold its shape when piped, so I recommend buttercream frosting (Add confectioner's sugar to pretty much any frosting to make it stiffer.) Find the cutter and supplies at the craft store. I used the Wilton mini baking cups because the cookies fit so nicely in them and the sides stood up well. Click HERE for tips on finding cookie decorating supplies.
Roll out chilled cookie dough and cut out small circles. You will need two per cupcookie. Bake and let cool.
Prepare frosting and tint white. Fill a decorating bag fitted with a coupler and a star tip and tie closed with a rubber band. Pipe a dollop of frosting on a cookie and top with another cookie. Then pipe frosting on top of the stack. Start in the center, move out to the edge and pipe round and round, smaller and smaller, until you come to a point at the top. Sprinkle with sprinkles and add a red dragee if desired.
Plop the stack in a mini baking cup and you're done.
LOVE this idea! Such a darling surprise — thanks for sharing.
very cute! thought it was one thick cookie, but you got the frosting in there..good girl!
what a great idea!! I love cookies & this is too cute!
You're a cleaver cookie gal!
umm.. OMG What a CUTE idea. It kinda reminds me of a cookie sandwich…ya know. Except you've taken the cookie sandwich thing and made it like 10,000 X more awesome. The cupcake idea is SO cute I think I'm going to have to try those…like today. I mean cookie + icing + cookie = good…. cookie + icing + cookie + EVEN MORE DELICIOUS ICING?! = EXCELLENT!!!!
wowww what a good idea, these are so coool!!
Mmmmm…I bet these are addicting!
Love this idea! It's so original!
Now, I think I might prefer this to a cupcake! GREAT idea!
Yum! This is pure inspiration! Thank you for sharing… I will be sure to try this SOON.
Oooh, those are too cute!
You. Are a genius! These are soooo cute! I love them!


Last night, fans were starstruck because they got to meet Alex Hirsch, creator of Disney Channel's Gravity Falls!
Seeing Hirsch interact with his fans at the book signing was just as great as watching an episode of his iconic animated series, and we're so excited that we got to take home a souvenir in the form of this new graphic novel. Don't worry, you can also grab your own copy of Gravity Falls: Lost Legends. Happy reading!


text:
Wendy Williams-Hunter
Jul 18, 1964 1964-07-18
Ocean Township, New Jersey, United States
American 5.11 79
Wendy Williams Biography
Multi-talented and Charming, Wendy Joan Williams Hunter simply known as Wendy Williams is an American television host, actress, author, fashion designer, and former radio personality who has hosted the nationally syndicated television talk show The Wendy Williams Show since 2008. Before her work to television, she was a radio DJ and host and quickly became known in New York as a "shock jockette". Talking about her as an author, she has written a New York Times best-selling autobiography and six other books. Along with this, she has created product lines including a fashion line, a jewelry collection, and a wig line. Know More About Wendy Williams Biography Below:
More people who born on 18th, July
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text:
Blog of the website «InStyle News»
instylenews.olanola.com
According to the data and stats that were collected, 'Blog of the website «InStyle News»' channel has a mediocre rank. The feed was last updated more than a year ago. The channel mostly uses long articles along with sentence constructions of the basic readability level, which is a result indicating a well-balanced textual content on the channel.
About 'Blog of the website «InStyle News»' Channel
Blog of the website
Medium-length materials prevail on 'Blog of the website «InStyle News»' that may be an effective tactic to grip their readers' attention with a wider range of helpful content. There are also longer items making up more than one third of all articles, which can provide a deeper insight into their subjects. Moreover, there are a few short articles.
'Blog of the website «InStyle News»' mostly contains texts of a basic readability level which may show their aim to reach a wider audience. Besides, there are articles of intermediate readability, which make up more than one third of all content on the channel.
Unfortunately Blog of the website «InStyle News» has no news yet.
Blog of the website «News Grabs»
Http://insider™
The Internet News Hub™
Actors In The News
Catholic-Hierarchy News
Announcements of recent changes in the hierarchy of the Catholic Church. This blog serves as a supplement to the main Ca...
Movieweb News
Movieweb News at Movieweb


Introducing a new variation to Tateossian's popular Gear cufflinks collection, The Britannia Cufflinks. Discover our creative twist and British inspiration behind these eye-catching accessories; colourful shades of hand painted enamel are on each gear making it a detailed piece to add to your collection. Each unique piece is made from individual varying sizes of gears in different platings that rotate freely by gently moving the gage. Rhodium plated base metal.


text:
package org.magenta.random;

import com.google.common.collect.Range;

/**
 *  Helper class that generates random {@code  strings}.
 *
 * @author ngagnon
 *
 */
public class RandomString {

  private static final String LOREM_IPSUM = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Cras "
      + "convallis vitae magna ut elementum. Nam lobortis placerat ultrices. Nullam auctor est sit amet "
      + "nulla commodo, nec posuere sem placerat. Vestibulum interdum lobortis leo, in dictum neque "
      + "accumsan eu. Aenean quis turpis rhoncus, imperdiet quam ac, adipiscing magna. Cras interdum "
      + "tempus tortor sit amet volutpat. Aliquam ac diam a sem interdum sollicitudin et quis metus."
      + " Ut ac lorem ipsum. Donec quam sapien, placerat eget nisi ut, varius imperdiet purus."
      + " Pellentesque rhoncus tempus odio, vel egestas felis. Praesent pretium suscipit arcu."
      + " Donec turpis massa, dignissim suscipit diam non, laoreet tempus urna. Phasellus quis interdum"
      + " tellus. Aliquam dictum nec nisi et vulputate. Vestibulum vitae dui vel sapien hendrerit eleifend."
      + " Aenean vel libero varius, facilisis nulla eget, euismod eros. Sed ullamcorper, quam a iaculis"
      + " elementum, dolor turpis aliquam arcu, ac sollicitudin felis felis eget dolor. Vestibulum"
      + " lobortis vestibulum urna et imperdiet. Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per"
      + " conubia nostra, per inceptos himenaeos. Nulla nec suscipit ipsum. Phasellus euismod at mauris"
      + " sed tristique. Nunc pharetra orci at tortor placerat, vitae aliquam erat tristique. Vestibulum"
      + " hendrerit viverra enim. Vestibulum venenatis fringilla lacus tristique ornare. Interdum et"
      + " malesuada fames ac ante ipsum primis in faucibus. Vivamus varius purus arcu. Suspendisse vulputate"
      + " nulla sed egestas ultrices. Fusce pellentesque, elit sed semper fringilla, arcu justo lobortis"
      + " massa, pellentesque tincidunt neque risus a nulla. Ut posuere mauris at sem imperdiet, eu"
      + " consectetur justo fringilla. Pellentesque in imperdiet turpis. Curabitur varius egestas turpis"
      + " id rutrum.  Pellentesque tempor lacus lectus, ut accumsan ipsum volutpat a. Nam vulputate"
      + " tincidunt nisl, a scelerisque augue fringilla vel. Duis tincidunt tellus ac turpis feugiat"
      + " tempor. Suspendisse lacus risus, dictum sed arcu quis, faucibus hendrerit mauris. Vivamus"
      + " venenatis tellus at tristique luctus. Phasellus vitae eros vitae sapien ornare porttitor eu"
      + " in justo. Nulla facilisi. Proin in risus vitae nisi dignissim imperdiet. Morbi eget dui eget"
      + " leo varius sollicitudin fringilla a urna. Nunc venenatis ultrices purus, a cursus lectus volutpat"
      + " ac. Nulla tincidunt justo augue, nec posuere lorem mollis sed. Integer euismod, urna a mollis"
      + " blandit, arcu ipsum rutrum elit, sed suscipit est tellus iaculis quam. Phasellus varius lobortis"
      + " sem eget eleifend.Mauris mattis lorem sed rhoncus gravida. Integer elementum, justo id hendrerit"
      + " fermentum, urna arcu aliquet mi, non varius nibh risus in purus. Ut viverra, elit non porta"
      + " laoreet, erat tortor dignissim tellus, non venenatis erat lorem eu quam. Etiam hendrerit magna"
      + " augue. Suspendisse iaculis scelerisque augue ut pretium. Fusce nec dignissim sapien. Maecenas" + " lacinia luctus ante tincidunt varius.";

  private final String alphabet;
  private final String letters;
  private final String numbers;
  private final RandomInteger integers;

  /**
   * Default constructor.
   *
   * @param alphabet the alphabet from which to generate {@code strings}.
   * @param integers used to select letters from the alphabet.
   */
  public RandomString(String alphabet, RandomInteger integers) {
    this.alphabet = alphabet;
    this.letters = extractLetters(alphabet);
    this.numbers = extractNumbers(alphabet);
    this.integers = integers;
  }

  private String extractNumbers(String alphabet) {
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i = 0; i < alphabet.length(); i++) {
      char current = alphabet.charAt(i);
      if (Character.isDigit(alphabet.charAt(i))) {
        sb.append(current);
      }
    }
    return sb.toString();
  }

  private String extractLetters(String alphabet) {
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i = 0; i < alphabet.length(); i++) {
      char current = alphabet.charAt(i);
      if (Character.isLetter(alphabet.charAt(i))) {
        sb.append(current);
      }
    }
    return sb.toString();
  }

  /**
   * Generate a string.
   *
   * @param length
   *          the length of the string to generate
   * @return a randomly generated string
   */
  public String charabia(int length) {
    final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      sb.append(anyChar(letters));
    }
    return sb.toString();
  }

  private char anyChar(String alphabet) {
    return alphabet.charAt(integers.anyPositive(alphabet.length()));
  }

  /**
   * Generate a string using the specified {@code example}. The generated string will have the same length as the {@code example} and
   * will contain letters and numbers at the same place they are found in the {@code example}.
   *

   * Some examples:
   *

   *
{@code 123-456-7890} will produce  strings such as {@code 333-6127-3357, 324-7578-7412, 895-467-1654}

   *
{@code A1A 1A1 } will produce  strings such as {@code H2G 5M2, K4F 8Q2, G9X 4X4}

   *
{@code CH4NG3_M3 } will produce  strings such as {@code ES8AI8_J1, JQ4JF7_K4}

   *

   *
   *
   * @param example the example
   * @return a generated string
   */
  public String generateFromExample(String example) {
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    boolean escapeMode = false;
    for (int i = 0; i < example.length(); i++) {
      char current = example.charAt(i);
      if (!escapeMode && Character.isLetter(current)) {
        sb.append(anyChar(letters));
      } else if (!escapeMode && Character.isDigit(current)) {
        sb.append(anyChar(numbers));
      } else if (!escapeMode && current == '$') {
        escapeMode = true;
      } else {
        sb.append(current);
        escapeMode = false;
      }
    }
    return sb.toString();
  }

  /**
   * Generate randomly a string.
   *
   * @param lengthRange
   *          the variable length of the string to generate
   * @return a randomly generated string
   */
  public String charabia(Range<Integer> lengthRange) {
    final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    int length = integers.any(lengthRange);
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      sb.append(anyChar(letters));
    }
    return sb.toString();
  }

  /**
   * Generate "lorem ipsum" text for the given length.
   *
   * @param length
   *          the length of the text
   * @return a "lorem ipsum" text
   */

  public String loremipsum(int length) {
    final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      sb.append(LOREM_IPSUM.charAt(i));
    }
    return sb.toString();
  }
}


text:
Active Citizens, Civil Society, Development & Aid, Economy & Trade, Headlines, Human Rights, Latin America & the Caribbean, Regional Categories
Fighting Abusive Rates on Loans and Credit Cards*
By Edgardo Ayala	Reprint | | Print | |En español
SAN SALVADOR, Oct 23 2012 (IPS) - The parliaments of El Salvador and Guatemala are debating bills aimed at halting abusive loans and high credit card costs. But the initiatives have run up against strong opposition from the financial sector.
Legislators in El Salvador are considering a law against usury that would put a ceiling on the interest rates charged on direct loans and on credit cards. And in Guatemala, lawmakers are studying a credit card law that would not set a maximum rate but would attempt to halt abusive charges on plastic money.
The governing leftwing Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) and the Great Alliance for National Unity (GANA), which together have a parliamentary majority in El Salvador, are promoting the bill to regulate the "active" interest rates charged by banks to borrowers.
The initiative is a response to constant complaints by the public and by consumer defence organisations about the high costs of borrowing and the excessive profit margin compared to the "passive" interest rates paid by banks on account-holders' deposits.
The bill has been under debate in the Salvadoran legislature for the last three months. But after five articles were approved, discussion has got bogged down on the nub of the issue: the imposition of maximum limits on interest charged by banks.
"No country can be competitive if people have to pay excessively high interest on loans or credit cards," FMLN lawmaker Antonio Echeverría, one of the sponsors of the bill, told IPS.
El Salvador's Office of the Financial Superintendent (SSF) reports that interest rates for consumer loans over a year or more vary from 28.9 percent at the Bank of Central America and 198 percent at Banco Azteca.
Banking and financial activity is regulated by the SSF and a 1999 law which allows banks to set their own rates of interest.
The SSF report also says that as of Sept. 30, interest payable on deposits ranged from 0.10 percent at Scotiabank for 30-day deposits to 1.75 percent at Banco G&T Continental of El Salvador, for deposits of one year.
ECONOMY-US: Taxpayer Rage Builds Over Credit Card Abuses
U.S.: Consumer Protection Agency Takes on "Financial Tricks and Traps"
GANA legislator Francisco Zablah told IPS that the disparity between active and passive interest rates shows that the financial sector "is taking advantage of consumers.
"We will not allow such a huge gap between what is charged for a loan and what is paid for deposits," he said.
Members of Congress in El Salvador have still not reached agreement about how to limit interest rates. But the most popular idea is to come up with a mathematical formula for a reference average rate, which would be the ceiling rate for bank interest charges. The legislators expect this rate would not be above 48 percent.
But the financial sector is staunchly opposed to setting limits on interest rates, especially for credit cards, the most profitable line in Salvadoran banking.
The return on the credit card market is an average of 17.6 percent, far higher than for the rest of the operations, says the report "Estudio de las Condiciones de Competencia en el Sector de Tarjetas de Crédito y Débito en El Salvador" (Study on competition conditions in the credit and debit card sector in El Salvador), published by the Competition Superintendency in 2011.
The Salvadoran Banking Association (ABANSA) ran an advertising campaign claiming that if limits were set on credit card interest rates, the market would be restricted to 300,000 cardholders compared to 800,000 at present, in this country of 6.1 million people.
Their ads stated that banks would not be able to provide small loans to credit card holders, because they are high-risk and not viable at interest rates below the current ones.
But Zablah said "ABANSA is just protecting the banks' interests."
The Association of Microfinance Organisations unexpectedly came out in support of the banks, saying that if the bill were approved, 1.27 billion dollars in loans for micro and small businesses would be at risk, affecting both the microcredit sector and the country's productivity.
A study by the Competition Superintendency reported that the credit card sector combines a high rate of return with a high degree of market concentration, which gives financial companies plenty of opportunity to exploit their market share, to the detriment of consumers.
The sector is regulated by the Credit Card System Law, in force since 2009, which does not set interest rate limits.
In Guatemala, meanwhile, Congress has been debating a credit card bill since 2011 that aims to regulate interest rates, commissions, extended financing and the evaluation of applicants' ability to pay, and to establish credit card cloning as a crime.
The draft law does not set a limit on interest rates, but it does stipulate they should be negotiated with cardholders and not increased except through an established procedure.
It also indicates that interest on loans cannot be capitalised or calculated including commissions and other charges, payment for which must be according to services provided to each cardholder and negotiated in their contracts.
The congressional Economy Commission pointed out that the sector has 748,000 cardholders and controls 20 percent of the consumer credit portfolio, and should therefore not continue to be regulated by the 1970 Commerce Code.
Arturo Quezada of the Insurance and Securities Consumers Defence Association, a civil society organisation, told IPS the absence of credit card regulations "lets the issuing companies charge what they like for interest and repayments," and allows them to commit other abuses as well.
Quezada said he was in favour of interest rate regulation "because there are abusive charges on credit cards of up to 50 or 60 percent a year." But he said he was not in favour of establishing a maximum rate.
"The issue of most concern is that interest payments on credit card debt are not explained, nor are the percentages, let alone what has been paid," he said.
Carlos González of the Association for Social Research and Studies (ASIES), a private local think tank, told IPS that passing a law on plastic money would be a positive step because of the importance of credit cards to much of Guatemala's population of 15 million people.
However, he too was against fixing a limit on interest rates and suggested, instead, allowing free competition to do its job, pointing out that "the country has monopolies in beer and in cement, whereas the banking system is an oligopoly."
"This distorts market prices, but there is no oversight," he said.
* With reporting by Danilo Valladares in Guatemala City.
Republish | | Print | |En español


Derick Walker joined the Foundation Trustees in 2014. Educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford, he took up a career in advertising working for BMP, Leagas Delaney and Ted Bates, before becoming a founder partner of Laing Henry in 1988.
Derick moved to Saatchi & Saatchi in 1995 where he was Director and Group Strategic Consultant until 2017. His son and daughter are former pupils of Sevenoaks School and, prior to becoming a Trustee, Derick was a member of the school's Governing Body between 2002 and 2013.


Yup. You read that right. The farmhouse (aka Harvey Farmhouse) turned101 years old this year. Built in 1917 + moved to Arranmore in 1999, the farmhouse is a reflection of who we are.
We've been honored to host parties, corporate gatherings, brides as they get ready for their big day, cocktail parties, private dinners and our team has spent many hours of preparation here as we schedule for the events of the season.
Here's a shout-out to DJK Custom Homes and their help with updating the Farmhouse!
Happy Birthday! And... thank you for allowing us to be included in your history.


L'Esperance is a brand new sponsor for the Endemic Animal Festival and we are excited to have them! Conveniently located in Cay Hill with easy access to both Philipsburg and Simpson Bay, L'Esperance Hotel features 22 spacious and luxurious one and two bedroom suites appointed in tropical rattan. Features include our beautiful pool with a sun deck, air-conditioning, cable TV, direct dial telephones, in-room safes, full kitchens, private balconies, and free Wifi.