text:
For people living with convictions, the past is always present
Two stories about our culture's focus on punishment
Matt Bernius · Friday, January 14, 2022 · 50 comments
In the last 24 hours, two reports appeared in my news feeds that caused me to reflect on the intersection of law, punishment, and forgiveness in our culture. The first isn't much of a surprise for anyone who has been following these proceedings: California Gov. Gavin Newsom denies parole for RFK assassin Sirhan Sirhan. From the CNN report:
California Gov. Gavin Newsom has denied parole for Sirhan Sirhan, the man convicted of assassinating Sen. Robert F. Kennedy, a news release from the governor's office said. Sirhan was recommended for parole in August, after spending 53 years in prison for the 1968 killing.
Newsom decided to reverse the parole board's decision after determining that Sirhan "currently poses an unreasonable threat to public safety," a statement from the governor's office said.
"The Governor reached his decision based on several factors, including Mr. Sirhan's refusal to accept responsibility for his crime, lack of insight and accountability required to support his safe release, failure to disclaim violence committed in his name, and failure to mitigate his risk factors," the statement said.
https://www.cnn.com/2022/01/13/us/sirhan-sirhan-newsom-denies-parole/index.html
This was Sirhan's 16th attempt at parole since California banned the death sentence and was given a life sentence. James had previously covered this story earlier this year.
First, let me get something out of the way: there is no constitutional right to parole. Parole is defined at the state level. And Gavin Newsome was acting within the power granted to him by the statute. So everything about this is lawful.
However, it's fair to ask if this was in keeping with the intent of recent changes to California parole laws that increased the variables that a parole board must consider to include age, health, even childhood trauma as mitigating factors. It was those very changes that led to the California Parole Board's decision to recommend him for parole. This is also most likely part of the reason that LA County Prosecutor George Gascón, opted not to weigh in on the issue as well.
I am pragmatic enough to understand that the reason that Sirhan did not get parole is that he's Sirhan Sirhan and the person he killed was RFK. That is an inescapable act that we as a society accept that he always needs to be punished for. What I was struck by was the mental gymnastics that Governor Gavin Newsome, who has consistently run on a criminal legal system reform platform, undertook to avoid admitting this. There was one line of reasoning, published as an LA Times Op-Ed, that particularly stands out:
Yet, after decades in prison, Sirhan still lacks the insight that would prevent him from making the kind of dangerous and destructive decisions he made in the past…. It is abundantly clear that, because of Sirhan's lack of insight, his release on parole would pose a threat to public safety…. He does not understand, let alone have the skills to manage, the complex risks of his self-created notoriety. He cannot be safely released from prison because he has not mitigated his risk of fomenting further political violence.
https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2022-01-13/sirhan-gavin-newsom-parole-decision
By all accounts, Sirhan was not, and most likely still isn't, a paragon of mental or emotional stability. Beyond his attack on RKF (and others injured in the shooting), his biography involves falling in with religious cults and substance abuse issues. However, what Newsome appears to be engaged in is a bit of a tautology here to demonstrate how the mental state of a 77-year-old presents a clear and present danger to the community. The expectation that 55 years in prison will somehow give this (or any individual) "the skills to manage the complex risks of his self-created notoriety" is laughable. Likewise the only evidence the governor can summon up for the potential real-world danger he poses is a single hostage-taking incident that occurred in Sudan 49 years ago.
I fully acknowledge that Sirhan's own actions haven't done him any favors. After initially taking full responsibility for the assassination (he wasn't able to change his plea to guilty prior to the start of his trial, even after he had recorded a confession) he began advancing a conspiracy theory about the assassination that involves multiple shooters. Still, he expressed regret for his actions in his hearing:
"[T]he ripple effect of the crime and — and the harm, the injury, the pain of the family, of their, uh, of — of their extended family and their friends, the community, the — the — the ambassador staff, and the — the country, the world. This, uh, Senator Kennedy was the hope of the world as far as I, as — as I can say, and, uh, it, I injured and I harmed all of them and, uh, it pains me to — to — to experience that — that, the knowledge that I'm responsible for such a horrible deed, if I did in fact do that. And whether I did or whether I did not, I'm still responsible for being there and — and, uh, and probably causing this whole incident, through my own gun or other guns.
https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/15116056/2021/11/Sirhan_B21014_2021-08-27_Corrected2.pdf
As I said before, all of what happened was within the Governor's power. But I also think we should be honest enough to admit that even if Sirhan had shown the necessary contrition, most likely the outcome would have still been the same (and the rationale given as cover probably would not have changed much). However its critical for the system that we pretend there is an opportunity for him to "redeem" himself.
But what of those who do "redeem themselves" in the eyes of the state?
This leads me to the second article I want to highlight–a hospital is under fire for a medical procedure performed on an individual who had been convicted of a violent crime:
A Maryland hospital is defending its decision to transplant a pig's heart into a dying man following reports that the patient had a criminal past, saying his eligibility was "based solely on his medical records."
David Bennett, 57, is still recovering from last week's highly experimental transplant, a medical first and a step in the quest to one day ease shortages of human organs by using animals. While the new heart is functioning, it's too soon to know how Bennett will fare.
On Thursday, The Washington Post reported that 34 years ago Bennett was charged with a stabbing that left a young man paralyzed. The state's Division of Corrections told the newspaper that Bennett was released from prison in 1994 after serving six years of a 10-year prison sentence.
In a statement Thursday, the University of Maryland Medical Center said doctors are obligated to provide the best care for every patient regardless of their background.
https://apnews.com/article/health-maryland-university-of-maryland-heart-transplants-54687fd2fbfb42d29839c5d836aa67ee
Again, let's start by getting the obvious out of the way: Bennett committed an atrocious act 34 years ago. He was convicted, sentenced, and by all accounts completed the terms of his sentence to the satisfaction of the state. And yet, as the Washington Post article referenced above frames it:
More than 106,000 Americans are on the national waiting list for an organ transplant, and 17 people die each day never receiving the organ they need. In the face of such a shortage, it can seem unconscionable to some families that those convicted of violent crimes would be given a lifesaving procedure so many desperately need.
This passage, unfortunately, articulates our society's overarching approach to punishment. There are no laws or regulations that state that criminal history must be considered when considering someone for a transplant. And in this case, the individual did not even receive a human organ (he was disqualified from that pool due to health conditions). However, it's an example of how, for so many people, successfully completing a sentence will never be enough. And so, the doctors and hospital find themselves in a position where they have to defend this decision against moral indignation.
This is a particularly dramatic example. The reality is that for people living with convictions (violent or otherwise) this type of stigma occurs regularly. The proliferation of computerized records and the background checking industry (both FCRA-compliant and shady "people search" sites) means that people who have completed their sentences have to constantly live with the fact that they may not be able to get jobs, rent apartments, or even volunteer because their past is always present. They also live knowing that at any point their record can come back in unexpected ways (like an individual I interviewed who, after an argument at work, had a coworker run a people search background check on then and came into work the next day to find a copy of their court records pinned to the lunchroom bulletin board).
For as much as our national narrative is that this is a country that provides second chances, the fact remains that our focus on moral punishment above all, often makes that impossible. Of course, this isn't a new issue and we're not unique in this. Oscar Wilde noted a similar tendency when he wrote the following stanza in The Ballad of Reading Gaol over a century ago:
The Chaplain would not kneel to pray
By his dishonored grave:
Nor mark it with that blessed Cross
That Christ for sinners gave,
Because the man was one of those
Whom Christ came down to save.
https://poets.org/poem/ballad-reading-gaol
FILED UNDER: Crime, Law and the Courts, Punishment
About Matt Bernius
Matt Bernius is a design researcher working to create more equitable government systems and experiences. He's currently a Principal User Researcher on Code for America's "GetCalFresh" program, helping people apply for SNAP food benefits in California. Prior to joining CfA, he worked at Measures for Justice and at Effective, a UX agency. Matt has an MA from the University of Chicago.
grumpy realist says:
If we leave parole in the hands of anyone who gets voted to public office, it's no wonder that parole is given so rarely. If the parolee commits another crime in the future, it's going to be brought against the public official, no matter how irrelevant.
As a society, we also haven't still figured out how to treat criminals after their imprisonments are over. We certainly don't wipe the slate clean and return them to a zero status. Felony crimes can bar them from all sorts of positions. Even non-felony crimes will have an effect if the crime is one involving lying, fraud, or embezzling. The is partly because no company wants to open itself to liability because it knowingly hired someone with a history of lying/fraud/embezzlement who goes on to do it again in the future.
And can you really blame them?
gVOR08 says:
that, the knowledge that I'm responsible for such a horrible deed, if I did in fact do that. And whether I did or whether I did not, I'm still responsible for being there and — and, uh, and probably causing this whole incident, through my own gun or other guns.
That sounds more like confusion than contrition. I know nothing about how parole works in CA and maybe the system provides some level of material and psychological support and supervision. But if not, this isolated soundbite doesn't speak well for his ability to function on his own.
Matt Bernius says:
@gVOR08:
Mental and emotional support for folks on parole is just about as bad/non-existent as it is for folks on the inside.
The question of whether or not Sirhan is mentally competent enough to be released is a fair question. But if that was raised then it would require us to also ask if he's mentally competent enough to wantent continued imprisonment versus some alternative forms of state care.
@grumpy realist:
As a society, we also haven't still figured out how to treat criminals after their imprisonments are over.
Yes. And that even includes the language that we use. For example, what does it mean to be a "criminal"? Does a single conviction make someone a criminal for life (i.e. as with the practice of visually branding criminals that occurred in Western Countries into the nineteenth century)?
@Matt Bernius: I suspect it's also from the punishments from Common Law that we historically used. Look at what England thought was a suitable crime leading to transportation to Australia, for instance. And what they used to give out the death penalty for.
The overlap between "criminals" and "people suffering from mental illnesses who carry out anti-social behaviour" is also not negligible. Part of the problem which we'll not solve until we figure out how to get mental health treatment to people who don't realise/refuse to admit they need help.
John430 says:
Let me clear things up for you, Mr. Bernius. "Don't do the crime if you can't do the time."
Michael Reynolds says:
You have to look at these things in the long sweep of history. We no longer draw and quarter people. We don't burn anyone to death, or impale them. So. . . progress!
I don't feel sorry for Sirhan. He did serious, long-term damage to this country. Fuck him, he can die in a concrete box. But some kid who boosted a car, or a dude who sold meth to support his own addiction, or the guy who takes a drunken swing in a bar and ends up doing much more damage than he intended, those guys, once they've done their time, are clean. They have to be seen as clean or the entire concept of prison is a lie.
There has to be a path to real redemption for 90% of the people who end up doing time.* Continuing the punishment after they've done their time is unfair, unjust, and stupidly self-harming for society at large. We want people inside the tent. We want them caring for their children and paying taxes, not forced onto the fringes of society where the choices are lifelong poverty or a return to crime.
*10% are straight-up evil and can never be redeemed.
@John430:
I completely agree, which is why I'm overjoyed to see the felony charges piling up around January 6. I am pleased that you and I can agree that Stewart Rhodes and the rest of his 'Oath Keepers' should do the full twenty years. Lock him up! Lock him up! Can I get a high five, John?
Mu Yixiao says:
Show me a clear and comprehensive list of all the things I'm forbidden by law from doing, and perhaps we can talk.
As it is, a rough estimate is that the average American unknowingly commits Three Felonies a Day.
IANAL and I know very little about the system. I look forward to being enlightened by any future post from Matt Bernius on the subject.
It's always struck me that a lot of what we do is based on Calvinistic attitudes, that we're trying to punish "evil" and yes, @Matt Bernius: acting as though "criminal" is something the person is rather than something he's done. In the 1/6 prosecutions we see a lot of trouble from needing to establish mens rea, that the individual knew the act was criminal and had criminal intent. If our purpose is deterrence, we should only care whether he did or did not do the criminal act. The need to establish evil intent strikes me as a useless Calvinist hangover. I was always taught that in proper business management you punish/reward actions, not attitudes.
This came on my radar recently:
Inmate firefighter denied ability to become non-inmate firefighter.
"I made mistakes as a teenager and I regret the things I did," said Fernando. "But serving in the fire camps showed me that I can give back to my community. Unfortunately, California says I can never get certified as an EMT, even though I was good enough to be a first responder while in prison."
mattbernius says:
"Don't do the crime if you can't do the time."
The time should not be the rest of your life–which is the issue at hand. In the second story, that person finished his "time" approximately 20 years ago and he's still being punished.
But hey, thanks for proving the point of the article.
@Mu Yixiao:
The average American may well commit the occasional misdemeanor, but they do not commit felonies. If the average American committed three felonies a day, that'd be roughly a billion felonies committed by Americans, every day. There are not 365,000,000,00 felonies committed in the US in a year.
Also, for the record, the current estimate is:
Approximately:
– 19 million Americans have a felony conviction (5% of the population)
– 77 million Americans have some form of criminal record (23% of the pop)
– 113 million Americans have an immediate family member who has been in jail or prison (34% of the pop)
This is not a small problem.
https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2020.html
Unfortunately, they lost that suit: https://www.forbes.com/sites/nicksibilla/2021/02/16/federal-judge-californians-who-fought-fires-in-prison-cant-become-career-firefighters/
The CA Legislature did approve a bill that allows for Prison Firefighters to petition for expedited expungements.
https://www.npr.org/2020/09/11/912193742/california-bill-clears-path-for-ex-inmates-to-become-firefighters
However, that process involves a lot of paperwork and it's difficult to get through without a lawyer. Additionally, Judges and DAs have a high degree of discretion which means you can do everything right and still get turned down if the judge doesn't think you've learned your lesson. It's one of the reasons that many reform-focused organizations (including mine) have been working to automate the expungement/record clearing process.
@Michael Reynolds & @Mu Yixiao:
That book is a classic in libertarian circles. I've yet to read it to specifically understand the felonies that the author is using. I suspect that many are non longer enforced laws or cases where the statute is so broadly written as to be unenforceable. That said, it's time I do the work to actually understand the argument in detail.
@Michael Reynolds:
There are not 365,000,000,00 felonies committed in the US in a year.
It's not a precise number. It's a reference to the fact that every day people are doing things that could–if a prosecutor so desired–get them charged with a felony. Things like "picking up the wrong feather" is a felony. Depositing less than, but close to, $10,000 in a bank account more than once is a felony ("structuring").
The point is that our laws are so convoluted and imprecise that most of us have no clue that we're doing things which are illegal.
@matt bernius:
I've yet to read it to specifically understand the felonies that the author is using. I suspect that many are non longer enforced laws or cases where the statute is so broadly written as to be unenforceable.
I've got it, and read a bit here and there. The main focus is on the obscurity of laws and how the average person has no real way of knowing that their actions are illegal.
"Structuring" is one that gets brought up a lot. Any bank transaction of $10,000 or more requires reporting (by the bank) to the federal government. There's nothing illegal about the transaction, but it's a way for the Feds to watch for money laundering and tax evasion. It is illegal to "structure transactions to avoid reporting".
You're a small restaurant owner who brings in a weekly deposit of around $9k (because that's how much money the restaurant makes in a week)? You're committing a felony. It's all those little things that the book refers to.
Just nutha says:
@John430: Once again, you've left us amazed at the senseless slaughter of innocent pixels that bore no one ill will.
Modulo Myself says:
Depositing less than, but close to, $10,000 in a bank account more than once is a felony ("structuring").
Yeah, lots of people are going around depositing 100K in cash into their bank accounts in increments less than 10k. Happens to me twice a week, at least.
@Modulo Myself:
Womply analyzed daily revenue for over 36,000 restaurants in all 50 states, as well as the District of Columbia, for all 365 days of the 2019 calendar year. Restaurants were only included in the analysis if they qualified as small businesses, Womply had a full year of transaction history, and the business recorded multiple transactions per day, on average.
Weekly average income: $9450
That's just restaurants. Small retail shops come in around $8k. There are lots of small to medium businesses making deposits around that $10k mark for a weekly deposit.
Things like "picking up the wrong feather" is a felony.
For people who have questions about this one, it's part of the migratory bird act: https://www.fws.gov/lab/featheratlas/feathers-and-the-law.php
So for example it's technically illegal to possess a Bald Eagle or Red-Tailed Hawk feather.
Gustopher says:
I suppose it says something about me that when I saw that article a few days ago, I thought it meant that we had begun performing medical experiments on criminals, and then didn't bother clicking through.
(I just assumed we have enough criminals that we can get volunteers for our experiments, rather than forcing them…)
Structuring is a specific activity designed to obscure income from being reported. The people who wrote the laws are not idiots and they know very well that small businesses might deposit cash amounts under 10k on a weekly basis. Unless they are not reporting this income to the IRS nothing is happening and they haven't committed a felony.
@Gustopher:
In all honesty I had the same initial reaction.
The main focus is on the obscurity of laws and how the average person has no real way of knowing that their actions are illegal.
The opposite is true. Most every person who gets caught in the legal system has some idea that their actions are illegal. Nobody is like wow is shoplifting/fighting/carrying around a couple grams or of coke in your glove compartment a crime? The central problem with the legal system is that it feeds on hedonism and wildness in kids and young adults (especially if you are poor and not white) and then builds up a caste of people and communities with records and time served for what is a valid human impulse.
Steven L. Taylor says:
If only the whole of moral and legal philosophy was as easy to reduce is silly cliches as so many think to be the case.
I've been following the porcine heart transplant story, but I'd no idea the recipient was a convicted felon.
I don't see that it matters. This procedure is experimental, as the pig was genetically altered to make the heart less prone to rejection by a human immune system. Such procedures are tried first in patients who cannot improve with any other treatment. Meaning this man would die shortly without some sort of transplant. We'll see how rejection develops and whether it can be managed or not.
He may survive only a few months, like the people who volunteered for artificial hearts, or he may last several years. As yet, there's no way to tell.
If the experiment works, and for that we'll need many more patients first, we may solve the organ shortage issue. But right now it's just the first experimental treatment.
Kingdaddy says:
We're not really as Christian a country as we think we are. We're more an Old Testament country.
Americans enjoy inflicting punishments. We're happy to make "drop the soap" jokes about prison conditions, knowing what we're really saying is that we're happy consigning our fellow citizens, whatever their crimes, to daily horrors. Many of us are happy to ensure that the punishment isn't confined to the time spent in those unspeakable conditions, but long afterwards, in which a return to a life of economic advancement and participation in the body politic is impossible. Many don't think twice about supporting draconian new laws, knowing that they're likely to catch at least some innocent people in their iron jaws. And that includes laws that attach the death penalty. Some don't care about any complexity in the relationship between incarceration and recidivism. It just matters that we punish.
At the same time, we're seeing in some places, like my native California, crime waves because of decriminalization. However, there is certainly a place between laxness and harshness that we can find.
John Locke and Thomas Hobbes both argued that we needed government because we cannot trust ourselves not to go overboard when we are judges in our own cases, part of living in "the state of nature." A measure of the quality of government, if you accept this point of view, is its ability to craft and enforce laws in a way that do not go overboard. It's tough to balance deterrence, fairness, and everything else that goes into a legal system. But it's also necessary to point out when the current balancing act isn't working as well as it should.
The "Let him rot!" mentality is both dangerous and immoral. Every individual in prison deserves fair consideration. If not, then you presume there's some authority who can decide who deserves to rot, outside of the normal deliberative channels we have. Personally, I do not trust that we can have the "right person" make those judgments now, and in perpetuity — if we can even decide what traits that "right person" should have.
wr says:
@Mu Yixiao: "You're a small restaurant owner who brings in a weekly deposit of around $9k (because that's how much money the restaurant makes in a week)? You're committing a felony"
No, you're not. If you're doing that with the intent to avoid paying taxes, then maybe you are. And depositing that amount on a regular basis may well raise red flags… but the deposits themselves are not illegal.
@Kingdaddy: Justice for thee but grace for me has a deep traditional appeal.
motopilot says:
I saw this Ted Talk the other day and it seems applicable to this conversation…
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wtV5ev6813I
Mister Buster says:
@Gustopher:..I thought it meant that we had begun performing medical experiments on criminals,..
Ha! When I was but a young impressionable lad and saw the bad guys get shot dead on TV westerns in the early '50s I just figured that they were convicted murderers in real life. I actually believed that this was the way that they were executed.
I suspect that I mentioned this to my parents and got an early schooling in the difference between TV and real life.
In fact since then about the only thing besides sports events and the moon landing that I have seen on live TV that I accept as true was seeing the horse drawn caisson carry President Kennedy's body to St. Matthew's Cathedral in Washington DC. I was with my friend in his parent's living room watching on their black and white TV when we were both 15 in November of 1963.
"That's where we should be." he said in a somber voice.
"Yeah." was all I could reply.
Sirhan is a hard person to sympathize with. Though we can't ever know, the feeling is pervasive that Robert Kennedy had a good chance of defeating Nixon in 68.
We also can't know how well he would have fared, had he beat Nixon, with the Vietnam mess on his plate, and everything else that was going on during that tumultuous time.
And the reason we don't and can't know any of this, is the man jailed in California for his murder.
@gVOR08: the lack of mens rea isn't a get-out-of-jail card, by the way. Usually it just means you get convicted of a lesser charge. (2nd degree murder vs. 1st degree murder, for instance.) And you can't carry out an act (like stabbing someone in the chest) and then protest that you didn't mean to kill the individual even though you willingly stuck the knife in him 6 inches. You had the intention to carry out an act which had as its logical consequence the death of the individual, hence there was sufficient mens rea.
You're a small restaurant owner who brings in a weekly deposit of around $9k (because that's how much money the restaurant makes in a week)? You're committing a felony.
This drives me crazy. No, under the facts you set out you're not committing a felony. Under 31 USC 5324, which I assume is the statute you are referring to, it's a felony if you structure the deposit below $10,000 "for the purpose of evading the reporting requirements." If that's not your purpose, it's not illegal. Now if you want to complain that the statute gives prosecutors way too much discretion to abuse the statute without evidence of improper intent, I'm right there with you, but the fact that prosecutors have the ability to make life hard for small business people, or that sometimes people without the requisite intent will get charged or even convicted, doesn't mean that everyone who makes a $9,000 bank deposit committed a crime.
liberal capitalist says:
Timely topic, as most here are.
My wife and I recently watch Sandra Bullock in "The Unforgivable".
The movie lays out graphically what post prison life is like. In this case the film involved the shooting of a sheriff.
My wife's point: She killed a cop, she should be punished the rest of her life.
My point: she went to prison for the time that was specified for her crime. If she was punished, why does punishment continue?
Without giving up plot and ending, I suggest it's a good watch.
Mimai says:
I'm enjoying your contributions Matt. Well done.
Who "should" be convicted (and of what)?
Who "should be paroled?
Who "should" get an organ transplant?
Answers to these questions require us to grapple with the reality that there is so much we don't know about human psychology and behavior. And that's to say nothing of our less than stellar ability to make above-chance predictions about such (most) things.
I've conducted scores of such evaluations, mostly for organ transplantation and competency to make medical decisions. But some legal stuff too. It's an impossible task. The execution of it is more art than science. "They" want a single definitive answer. Uncertainty and probabilistic thinking frustrates. Because resources are finite and/or implications are massive.
And, so, here we are. Governed by our tendency toward black and white thinking. Our group allegiances. And our moralistic nature.
Oh, and perhaps most of all, our hypocrisy.
Still though, I like humans. Most of us are just trying to get through the day.
Great post, just want to mention again that it's so great to have your perspective back on top of the fold.
Honestly, I don't have much of an opinion on Sirhan. I was born in 68 a few months after he committed his crime so, for me, all that is "history" and doesn't carry any emotional baggage as it does for Boomers and older generations.
But in general terms, I do think it's probably important to distinguish the context of a crime – a political assassination is not the same as other types of murder. I also have to wonder what the point of continued incarceration is supposed to achieve beyond giving satisfaction to those who hate him and what he did. Finally, as a general rule, I think contrition is an important element of clemency or parole. It seems from your post and my extremely limited research, that Sirhan is a waffler on this – that doesn't speak well for him.
But I also think about Shawshank Redemption. And yes, shame on me for being influenced by a flawed Hollywood depiction, but I can't help but think of the character in that movie named Brooks, who was in prison so long, became "institutionalized" and didn't know anything else. He got his parole, couldn't deal with it, and ended up hanging himself.
Sirhan has been in prison for as long as I've been alive. He's had a very sheltered five decades and should he be paroled the world will be substantially different for him than when he left it. I have to wonder whether he can cope or end up like Brooks, especially given he's not some guy the world forgot, but an infamous killer who murdered one of the most prominent members of one of the most famous and influential families in American history. I mean, really, who knows what he will be like if/when he gets let out? I doubt even he knows, much less anyone else.
So I dunno, I go back and forth on the merits.
But as a political and governance matter, I think Newsome is wrong to overrule the parole board, particularly for such weak reasons which don't pass the smell test for me. So on that basis alone, I'm inclined to think he ought to be paroled.
HarvardLaw92 says:
Mmhmm. I was totally poised to launch into a discussion about the intersecionality between mens rea and scienter, and general vs specific intent, but stopped myself.
ImProPer says:
"What I was struck by was the mental gymnastics that Governor Gavin Newsome, who has consistently run on a criminal legal system reform platform, undertook to avoid admitting this."
If he truly is serious about criminal justice reform, the cognitive dissonance must be great. That a decision made by a parole board is overridden by a politician can only be comforting to someone that is content with the current state of our criminal justice system. The politicization of crime and punishment has gotten us to where we are now. When California did away with indeterminate sentencing in the late 1970s,"
almost all crimes except for 1st and 2nd degree murder, fell under determined sentencing. At the time it's stated goal was to be more fair to minority inmates who evidently were incarcerated longer than whites for similar offenses. I don't think many would argue today that this has been successful. However it has been a success for those in the corrections industry, and fear based politics. Violent offenders no longer have to go in front of a parole board and show that they've worked on their issues and are ready to rejoin society. This is how people like Lawrence Singleton, and Richard Allen Davis are able to get out untreated, and unrepentant, to serve as real boogie men for demogogic politicians, and corrections unions.
I don't have an opinion on Sirhan Sirhan, but the parole board did. His crime was definitely consequential, but less so than politicizing crime and punishment imo.
@HarvardLaw92:
I honestly would have been here for that masterclasses.
It seemed like it would be going off of the reservation with regard to the topic. Keeping it simple, consider the elements of capital murder – premeditation (I thought about killing you in advance of acting to kill you) , deliberation (when I acted, I believed / hoped that acting would cause your death) , and willfulness (I am choosing to act, nothing is forcing me to. I want to act). Mens rea gets into intent – when I acted, I intended to kill you. I expected your death to result and wanted it to happen, while scienter gets into my knowledge of wrongfulness (when I acted, I knew killing you was wrong / against the law).
It's not generally required to establish, for example, that someone knew killing is wrong when they acted for them to be convicted of murder (scienter – it varies in practice by jurisdiction, but keeping it general here), but it is required that to establish that they intended to cause death when they acted (mens rea). There are some exceptions (for example tax courts have generally held that someone needs to have known that they were violating the tax code to be found guilty, as opposed to an unintended violation stemming from a deliberate act in ignorance of the code).
Specific vs general intent goes to result mostly – I intended the conduct and the result, for example murder, larceny, etc. (specific) vs I intended the conduct (for example battery). Getting into the nuances and quirks could run to pages and pages of discussion, but that should hopefully be OK for a high level explanation.
@Roger: Intent is in the eye of the beholder. I know people who have been arrested with a personal amount of drugs (usually marijuana) who ended up charged with intent to distribute on top of the other charges. Because a single baggie of 8 grams of low grade pot is clearly a dealer quantity.
So yeah not everyone will get hit by that law but you damned well know some will…
Tony W says:
When I read the pigs-heart story, my mind went immediately to COVID triage for our bulging hospitals.
My question to those who question the use of societal treasure to keep a man alive who has a criminal history is to ask them how they feel about using societal treasure to keep a man alive who refuses immunization and harms the community with anti-vax rhetoric?
I see a parallel.
That was great. It confirmed somethings and added important nuance (willfulness). Bravo!
No problem. Willfulness has to play a part, or else we're into the realm of affirmative defenses & lesser degrees. Take, just as a hypothetical, this scenario:
You (generic you) live in my neighborhood. You're known to be a loose cannon prone to fits of rage, you open carry at all times (ergo you can be presumed to be armed,), and let's say you've popped off a few rounds at the sky in anger in the past.
If I consider the situation, I will realize that this situation potentially puts me into the position of having to kill you in the future to protect myself and think about how that might play out (premeditation). If I'm put into that position, the odds are pretty good that if I have to act, my goal is going to be to kill you first before you kill me (deliberation), but I wouldn't be choosing to act. I'd be forced to act by a situation where your aggression gave me no reasonable alternative (no willfulness). Capital murder is off of the table. Depending on the success of my affirmative defense, I'm either not culpable, or I'm culpable for a lesser degree of homicide.
Expanding a little on specific vs. general intent – in crimes of specific intent, intent can not be inferred. It must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt. In murder, for example, the state must prove that the defendant intended to cause death, a specific outcome.
Contrast that with general intent, where intent may be inferred depending on the statute (for example, in battery, it's sufficient for conviction to establish that I acted, I intended to cause harmful or offensive contact, and that harmful or offensive contact occurred. ). It's not necessary, for example, to establish that I intended for you to get a broken arm or some other specific outcome. That intent can be inferred by my choice to initiate the contact.
@HarvardLaw92:….and then there's all the different rules for insanity….
(I never did figure out why certain crimes were considered specific intent crimes and others weren't. I chalked it up to English legal history.)
G-d, don't even get me started on that nightmare.
I chalk it up to English common law, yah. Louisiana, the only state which derives primarily from the Napoleonic Code instead of ECL, is all over the place with respect to intent because of that origin – specific intent can be inferred in LA. It's a whole different legal world down there.
Sirhan Sirhan Recommended for Parole
Organ Transplants, Medical Ethics, And Children
Unvaccinated Denied Organ Transplants
Former Vice-President Cheney Undergoes Heart Transplant Surgery
Federal Court Legalizes Compensation For Bone Marrow Donors


Home → Ask Deke: Do you have any suggestions on how a high schooler might get started in learning to arrange music for a capella?
A: For starters, I highly recommend studying music theory, as a knowledge of the technical aspects of counterpoint and 4 part writing are so very helpful.
Beyond that, this blog I wrote long ago remains a good first step, as it trains young writers to answer big questions before little ones.
That process is the first step in my book "A Cappella Arranging", which even though it sounds like a sales pitch remains the one and only publication on the topic.
Also know that it's possible to arrange by ear (using a program like Garage Band or Pro Tools to overdub your voice) in addition to or in place of traditional music notation (programs like Finale, Sibelius and MuseScore). Either way, the principles are the same and the above resources are the best first steps.
If you get stuck, feel free to send in any more specific questions. Go get 'em!


text:
Public Release: 16-Dec-2013
Pediatricians urge consumption of only pasteurized dairy products
Stanford University Medical Center
STANFORD, Calif. -- Pregnant women, infants and young children should avoid raw or unpasteurized milk and milk products and only consume pasteurized products, according to a new policy statement from the American Academy of Pediatrics.
The statement -- whose lead author is Yvonne Maldonado, MD, professor of pediatrics at the Stanford University School of Medicine -- will be published online Dec. 15 in Pediatrics.
In issuing this statement, the academy takes the same position as the American Medical Association, the American Veterinary Medical Association, the International Association for Food Protection, the National Environmental Health Association, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the World Health Association.
Whether from cows, goats or sheep, raw milk and milk products are a continuing source of bacterial infections that are especially dangerous to pregnant women, fetuses, the elderly, young children and people with compromised immune systems, the statement says.
The popularity of raw milk and raw-milk products, such as soft cheeses, has been growing in recent years, in part due to claims of health benefits. But those claims have not been backed up by science.
Studies have shown repeatedly that raw milk and pasteurized milk contain equivalent levels of nutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrates, calcium, vitamins and enzymes. Claims that raw milk is not associated with lactose intolerance have not been substantiated by independent studies.
"We have no scientific evidence that consuming raw milk provides any advantages over pasteurized milk and milk products," said Maldonado, an infectious disease expert who also is a pediatrician at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital. "But relative to the amount of raw-milk products on the market, we do see a disproportionately large number of diseases and illnesses from raw milk."
From 1998 through 2009, there were 93 recorded outbreaks of disease resulting from consumption of raw milk or raw-milk products, causing 1,837 illnesses, 195 hospitalizations and two deaths. Most of those illnesses were caused by contamination of the product with E. coli or with species of Salmonella or Campylobacter. Infections by such bacteria can cause diarrhea, fever, cramps, nausea and vomiting. Some infections can become systemic.
A 2011 survey by the National Association of State Departments of Agriculture determined that raw milk and raw-milk products were legal to sell in 30 states, though only a few allowed sales in grocery stores. California is among the states that allow such sales.
The FDA banned interstate shipment and sales of raw milk and some raw-milk products in 1987, but it has no jurisdiction over whether such products created in a state may be sold within that state's borders. An exemption in the FDA prohibition allows cheeses that have been aged at least 60 days to be transported across state lines for sale, provided the cheese is clearly labeled as unpasteurized. Before pasteurization was developed, one of the major causes of childhood disease and death was drinking milk because there was no way to decontaminate it. It was not uncommon for children to contract tuberculosis from milk.
Some advocates of raw-milk consumption argue that cows are healthier now than in the pre-pasteurization era, but Maldonado said that even in healthy herds, there are other organisms that can cause serious bacterial infections in children and pregnant women.
"There have been recent studies demonstrating that even healthy dairy animals in good facilities carry some of these organisms on their udders, or the organisms are somewhere in their environment, and the milk can be contaminated with them," Maldonado said. "When these organisms are ingested, especially by young babies or pregnant women, they can cause severe illness."
The academy's policy statement endorses a nationwide ban on the sale of raw or unpasteurized milk and milk products, including raw-milk cheeses that have been aged for more than 60 days. In endorsing a raw-milk cheese ban, the statement cited scientific evidence that Escherichia coli 0157, a pathogenic strain of the E. coli bacteria that can cause particularly severe symptoms and in some cases liver failure, can survive in raw-milk cheese even after 60 days of aging and has been linked to E. coli outbreaks.
The statement also encourages pediatricians to lobby their state representatives in support of a ban on raw-milk sales in the states where they live. The academy's statement contains a list of organisms detected in raw milk and raw-milk products. In addition to many species of bacteria, the list includes giardia, rabies and norovirus. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, norovirus is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in the United States, causing 19-21 million illnesses and contributing to 56,000-71,000 hospitalizations and 570-800 deaths annually.
"We invented pasteurization to prevent these horrible diseases," Maldonado said. "There is really no good reason to drink unpasteurized milk."
The Stanford University School of Medicine consistently ranks among the nation's top medical schools, integrating research, medical education, patient care and community service. For more news about the school, please visit http://mednews.stanford.edu. The medical school is part of Stanford Medicine, which includes Stanford Hospital & Clinics and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital. For information about all three, please visit http://stanfordmedicine.org/about/news.html.
Lucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford is an internationally recognized 311-bed hospital and leading regional medical network providing a full complement of services for the health of children and expectant mothers. Together, our world-class Stanford Medicine doctors, nurses and staff deliver innovative, nurturing care and extraordinary outcomes in every pediatric and obstetric specialty. Packard Children's is annually ranked as one of the nation's finest by U.S. News & World Report and the only Northern California children's hospital with specialty programs ranked in the U.S. News Top 10. Learn more about our full range of pre-eminent programs at lpch.org and the Packard Children's Health Alliance at PCHA.org. Like us on Facebook, watch us on YouTube and follow us on Twitter.
PRINT MEDIA CONTACTS: Erin Digitale at (650) 724-9175 (digitale@stanford.edu), Louis Bergeron at (650) 724-9175 (louisb3@stanford.edu)
BROADCAST MEDIA CONTACT: Winter Johnson at (650) 498-7956 (wijohnson@lpch.org)
Erin Digitale
digitale@stanford.edu
@StanfordMed
http://med.stanford.edu/news.html
INFECTIOUS/EMERGING DISEASES

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Original music composition of the feature film « Play or Die», directed by Jacques Klüger and co-produced by Nexus Factory and BOBURST Productions.
Based on the best selling novel "Puzzle" by Franck Thilliez, with more than 330'000 copies sold: "Hellish settings, characters manipulated like puppets, all the key ingredients to great suspense. All the pieces of the puzzle fit perfectly".
Welcome to Paranoia, the ultimate escape game.
Rule #1: Nothing is real.
Rule #2: One of you will die.
Lucas and Chloe, two passionate gamers, decide to participate to Paranoia, a very exclusive escape game. After solving a first riddle, they make it to the location of the finale in an abandoned mental hospital, lost in a frightening forest. There, four other participants are waiting on them. They soon realize that only one of them will get out of there alive.


This semester has made me feel, more acutely than ever, the consequences of overcommitting myself. With adding six classes and two jobs to the drama surrounding my friends and family and the details of daily life, I have recognized my tendency to spread myself too thin.
I like to keep busy and take advantage of opportunities that interest me, and because of that, I often put myself into predicaments where I sometimes struggle to meet my commitments. But unless something unpredicted happens, I generally do fulfill my responsibilities. Obviously, when you spend all your time just making it to the next thing, you don't have ample time to reflect on your experiences, and determine what your next step should be so you begin to do work that's subpar. At some point, you even begin prioritizing quantity over quality, which doesn't usually amount to progress or success.
Of course, life frequently requires us to just hustle through and do the best we can when things get chaotic. Time management is the most important asset in striking a balance between what you want to do and what you need to do, although budgeting your time effectively is a matter of luck and judgement. It's best to know what you're passionate about so you can devote your time to the cultivation of that passion, but I know in college some haven't yet discovered the area in life in which they can thrive; so, they involve themselves in lots of things to hopefully discover that activity or subject best suited for them.
And I would like to add that it's easy to associate potential success in a certain field with the praise you receive on your college work. I think many of us, myself included, can continue to be a part of something that's not very constructive if we feel that there's a lot riding on us or when people have certain expectations of us. Similarly, we can feel like we have to take on more responsibilities, which we really shouldn't perform, when we don't want to let someone down. It's in these situations that we must make the decision to say no, to do ourselves, others and the work itself justice, even though we feel that it may benefit us or help someone.
As a quiet person who likes to keep to themselves, I struggle more with wanting to engage in multiple activities to achieve personal goals than with social commitments. I'm by no means antisocial and I recognize the value of genuine friendships inside and outside the professional world; however, I learned early on that being unable to say no to people will allow them to take advantage of you, which only serves to detract from the amount of time and effort you could expend elsewhere.
I'd like to clarify that I don't believe you should ever decline the opportunity to do something because you're unsure or scared. If you're able to do something that will be an invaluable experience, but it intimidates you, I think you should consider it. It's primarily a matter of putting everything of necessity and importance in your life into perspective, for that enables you to better make decisions on whether you should accept or reject a proposition.


The sight of an ink stain on your clothing may freak you out at first. You can remove the ballpoint ink stain with common household ingredients and salvage the clothing if you treat the stain immediately. Ink stains are common, especially when a ballpoint pen explodes in a shirt pocket or when you wash a pen with your clothes. Once you notice an ink stain, you need to remove it before you place the garment in the dryer. Heat will cause the ink stain to become permanent.
Place an old washcloth underneath the stain.
Spray the hairspray directly onto the stain. Cover the stain completely with the hairspray.
Allow the hairspray to set for two to three minutes. Do not allow it to dry out.
Rub the ink stain with a paper towel. The stain will begin to lift from the fabric.
Spray the ink stain with the hairspray again. Continue applying the hairspray and rubbing it with a paper towel to remove the stain.
Rinse the area with warm water. Launder according to the care label. Hang the clothing up to dry instead of placing it in your dryer to ensure that you removed the stain.
Apply nail polish to the ink stain.
Add two to three drops of clear liquid detergent.
Rub the stain between your fingers.
Apply the nail polish again if the ink stain remains visible.
Rinse the ink stain under warm water. Launder the clothing according to the care label. Hang the clothing up to dry.
Use other common household ingredients to remove ink stains. Soak the clothing in milk overnight and then launder as usual. Apply toothpaste to the material, but it must be non-gel. Rub the toothpaste into the stain and rinse with water. Make a paste of 2 parts vinegar and 3 parts cornstarch and apply it to the stain. Allow the paste to dry and then wash the clothing.


text:
74: Meade-King, Robinson & Co
The business with one of the longest names in this year's Hot 100 is also one of the oldest. MKR has been a distributor of oils and chemicals for more than 140 years. It acts as an overseas selling arm for producers, saving them the hassle of setting up sales houses all over the globe. Big clients include Shell, which awarded MKR the contract to act as its sales house at its refinery in Stanlow.
The business turned over £30m last year based on its experienced sales team and strong relationships with clients, says managing director Philip Tarleton. But he admits that it's not always plain sailing: "We're in a unpredictable industry," he says, "and we operate in a world where factors outside our control can lose us big chunks of business. We start the year expecting to lose some contracts, so we keep looking for new customers. If we haven't lost anything by the end of the year, we can chalk it up as a big success."
www.mkr.co.uk


text:
Berkeley council split over $11M Measure P budget, new outdoor homeless camp
By Emilie Raguso Dec. 10, 20192:18 p.m. December 24, 2019
Last week, officials voted to spend about $11 million in tax revenue on new and existing services to address homelessness, including an RV parking program and an outdoor homeless shelter for up to 50 people.
Mobile showers come to Berkeley, providing the homeless with a new place to get clean
By Tony Hicks Sept. 30, 20197 a.m. October 3, 2019
Lava Mae has been offering showers in West and South Berkeley since May, but the service has been slow to catch on. That may be changing.
12-story complex approved on Berkeley Way; vacuum shop to stay downtown
By Emilie Raguso July 1, 201911:51 a.m. July 2, 2019
A 12-story, 156-unit project downtown won praise and nearly unanimous approval Thursday from the city's zoning board. Speakers called it a home run for union labor and the "gold standard" for development.
Berkeley businesses may get ousted to make way for a parking lot for Kaiser
By Tony Hicks Feb. 21, 201910:47 a.m. May 1, 2019
Wareham Development had plans to raze the businesses to create parking for a planned Kaiser medical office facility. ZAB said that is not the best use of the land and nixed the application.
Developers donate to little-known Berkeley homeless fund
By Frances Dinkelspiel Jan. 30, 20199:10 a.m. October 5, 2019
Some of Berkeley's biggest developers, concerned about homelessness, have donated to the city fund. At least two of them did so while Berkeley was considering their projects.
By Emilie Raguso Nov. 15, 20184:51 p.m. June 30, 2019
Zoning board members got their first chance to weigh in on plans for a new 12-story building proposed on Shattuck at Berkeley Way. Their advice? Have some fun with the design so it reflects more of Berkeley's quirkiness.
Update: Half of the votes still to be counted; some Berkeley results could still change
By Berkeleyside staff Nov. 7, 20188:10 a.m. March 24, 2019
With a large number of mail-in ballots remaining to be counted, there could still be some unexpected results in Berkeley.
Berkeley Patients Group, nation's longest operating dispensary, leads cannabis industry in corporate social responsibility
By Local sponsor Oct. 30, 20189 a.m. March 22, 2019
[Sponsored] As it prepares to mark its 19th anniversary on Oct. 31, BPG is doubling down on its mission to provide safe access to quality cannabis and is supporting local efforts to end homelessness in Alameda County.
Opinion: Berkeley's new programs are getting the homeless rehoused. Vote 'yes' on Measure P to expand these initiatives
By Jesse Arreguin, Linda Maio, Sophie Hahn and Kate Harrison Oct. 23, 201810 a.m. October 24, 2018
Measure P will replicate the successful soda tax to ensure funds are appropriately used. It places an additional surcharge on high real estate transactions to help those in need regain housing and rebuild their lives.
Berkeley mayor makes case for tax measures O and P, hits resistance
By Emilie Raguso Oct. 18, 20183:19 p.m. March 22, 2019
Berkeley Mayor Jesse Arreguín hit the campaign trail last week to urge voters to support tax measures O and P to raise money for affordable housing and homeless services. He met with a tough crowd.
Berkeley's Pathways homeless shelter has helped 20 people find homes in 3 months
By Frances Dinkelspiel Oct. 10, 201811:30 a.m. October 10, 2018
While the clients at the center were screened for their willingness to look hard for homes, the plethora of services has also helped many get off the streets.
Four City Council candidates look to replace Linda Maio in Berkeley's District 1 offer their views at community forum
By Frances Dinkelspiel Sept. 24, 20187 a.m. March 22, 2019
Candidates each had one minute to answer questions on a range of topics, from housing and crime to homelessness and their vision for Berkeley.


text:
[![Code Climate](https://codeclimate.com/github/yoichiro/chromeos-filesystem-webdav/badges/gpa.svg)](https://codeclimate.com/github/yoichiro/chromeos-filesystem-webdav)

# WebDAV File System

WebDAV File System provides you an ability to access to your WebDAV storage directly from the Files app.

  Go to WebDAV File System page on Chrome WebStore

## How to build

```
$ git clone https://github.com/yoichiro/chromeos-filesystem-webdav.git
$ cd chromeos-filesystem-webdav
$ npm install
$ grunt
```

## Dependent libraries

* [Polymer](https://www.polymer-project.org/)
* [jQuery](http://jquery.com/)

## License

All files are licensed under the BSD license. See the LICENSE file for details.
All original source code is Copyright 2015 Yoichiro Tanaka.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: How to determine groups of interconnected nodes in a two-dimensional array (graph)? I have a program that compares objects by their properties and then converts it all in a two dimensional array (or a matrix) with values being percentages (1 means 100% similar, 0 means completely different, anything in between is % of similarity).
After that I convert all of it to 1's and 0's to create a map of connections or what's called an adjacency matrix in graph theory which represents nodes that are connected to one another.
Here's what my situation looks like in terms of graph/matrix/array
It's clear from the image that there are 4 distinct groups of elements: a1 through a5 are all linked together and form first group, b1-b2-b3 form another group of elements, b4 and b6 are a third group of just two elements and b5 forms it's own fourth group because it isn't connected to anybody else.
I have the same array in my code. My question is how can I determine which elements belong to the same group or how to group them and store the information about them somewhere else? (be it the index of the element, the value or something else).
I also need to make sure that I don't have repeating groups, so for example elements b4 and b6 shouldn't form group b4-b6 and group b6-b4, only one of those groups should be present.
Here's part of my code where I tried to implement it by creating new array of strings (and I tried integer too, but it couldn't store the index [0,0] properly, it just stores 0), but this method still doesn't solve the issue of repeating groups or how to identify and pull them out of this array. This method can only correctly identify connections. Output of this method
        public static string[,] CreateConnectionsMap(double[,] arr)
    {
        string[,] newArr = new string[arr.GetLength(0), arr.GetLength(1)];

        for (int i = 0; i < arr.GetLength(0); i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < arr.GetLength(1); j++)
            {
                if (arr[i, j] != 0 && arr[i, j] == arr[j, i])
                {
                    newArr[i, j] = $"{i}|{j}";
                }
                else newArr[i, j] = "0";
            }
        }
        return newArr;
    }

A: Seems to me that you're trying to do clustering using a pairwise distance.
The most immediate solution that comes to my mind is to use the agglomerative clustering algorithm.
This library in c# should do the job.

A: Try something like this:
    public static int[] CreateConnectionsMap(double[,] arr)
    {
        if (arr.GetLength(0) != arr.GetLength(1))
            throw new ArgumentException("Matrix must be square.");

        int[] groups = new int[arr.GetLength(0)];

        for (int i = 0; i < arr.GetLength(0); i++)
        {
            groups[i] = i;
            for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
            {
                if (arr[i, j] != 0 && arr[i, j] == arr[j, i])
                {
                    groups[i] = groups[j];
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return groups;
    }

Be sure to test it!

A: You need to discover the maximal cliques in the graph.
copy graph to work
set flag true
while flag == true
    clear current clique
    while work contains nodes
        if current clique empty
            move arbitrary node from work to current clique
       else
            set flag false
            LOOP w over nodes in work
                 LOOP c over nodes in current clique
                      if w connected to c
                            move w to current clique
                            set flag true
            if flag == false
               break
     add current clique to list of cliques

Here is c++ code implementing this algorithm https://github.com/JamesBremner/PathFinder2/blob/dbd6ff06edabd6a6d35d5eb10ed7972dc2d779a6/src/cPathFinder.cpp#L483

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Spring Arts Preview
5 things to know about Descendant by Lucid AfterLife
Lucid AfterLife play rock music with a focus on the third eye. It's driving and psychedelic.
Stuart Derdeyn
Nat Jack is lead singer of the Vancouver band Lucid Afterlife. PNG
Lucid AfterLife | Forbidden Place Records
Nat Jack and Thom Turner get around. The core of Vancouver's Lucid AfterLife recorded this collection of new songs over two years and in four different countries.
There is nothing particularly indicative of where the gents were hanging out making music, but the music they made is most certainly trippy. They describe their sound as astral space rock, or progressive occult rock, and are known for presenting the music in theatrical productions and kaleidoscopic videos.
Mixing elements of drone metal, electronic trance, rap and folk into songs such as Checkin' Out, the band would not have been out of place in the late Sixties Nottingham scene, where many bizarre prog rock fusions originated.
Here are five things to know about Descendant:
1. Pharma Matrix Karma Spaceship: This is a song title and it's one of the best on the entire album. Building slowly on a moody, murky groove, the song seems on its way to being a echoing psychedelic metal piece similar to Planet Caravan by Black Sabbath. Then a forceful "hoo-hah" chant kicks in, a heavier riff launches, and then there is a rap break. These guys know how to craft mood.
2. My Lucifer: The pairing of organ and heavily reverberating slide guitar has long been favoured in folk rock and this mid-tempo tune embraces the genre. It's a love song, or as close as you get to one on this album, with a surprisingly melodic chorus delivered with blunted ease.
3. Dye My Soul: Someone I played this for said it reminded them of the quieter moments in Alice In Chains' Rooster, and the comment is spot on. But the Lucid AfterLife sound is generally far less heavy with a great deal more of a hypnotic sound, right down to chiming bells in the background and keyboard vamps. The nearly eight minute-long song is probably a highlight of the live show and certainly gets the "occult" billing. There is a cool remix of the tune to give listeners a "shamanic chakra rock experience."
4. Latin American connection: Although Vancouver-based, the band appears to spend enough time in Mexico that it has a series of videos shot in the country and singer Jack seems very familiar with it. The band has toured there, and also played in Peru. Pretty good for an indie act from the West Coast.
5. 432Hz: The band has recently released a bunch of its songs remastered at 432Hz, sometimes called the miracle tone and believed to be the natural frequency of the universe and possess healing powers. It also happens to be the note A4 on an equal-tempered scale. There is a lot of back and forth around 432Hz tuning (and you could spend far too long down a Net hole reading the research — both evidence-based and utter brouhaha) if you feel like it.
Also out this week:
Immaculada High | Relapse Records
Utterly howling sludge/punk with a tinge of psychosis thrown-in for good measure. This Austin band banged out its shrieking songs first in 1991 and then went on a lengthy hiatus only returning to recording and performing in 2014. The break didn't affect the band's ability to make music that "feels like the soundtrack to a movie about Mother Nature exacting dark revenge on the nasty Homo sapiens." So, yeah, keeping current.
Djesse – Volume 2 | Universal Music
On the second album of the four release Djesse project, Collier explores acoustic sounds ranging from the Afro-bluegrass of Bakumbe (feat. Sam Amidon) to a gorgeously orchestrated a cappella version of Moon River and the chiming folk of I Heard You Singing with Becca Stevens and Chris Thile. Easy-flowing and easy listening, the only real misstep is a wonky cover of Here Comes The Sun, feat. dobie. The piano solo on Lua feat. Maro more than makes up for it. As always, his reharmonisation of existing melodic lines into new codas and bridges is both brainy and beautiful.
Automat | Sub Pop
This Toronto experimental punk trio appears to be single-handedly carrying the Big Black and Shellac torch into the future. Relentless rhythms, guitars that sound like they are being battered into submission, and vocals that you might be able to match by hammering nails into your fingers are all part of the din. Purposely annoying in spots, but then you get Automat and appreciate just how good they are at bringing the noise.
The Space Between the Shadows | Sony Music
"Where's the world I used to know?" sings former Creed vocalist Stapp on the opening track to his latest solo release. A fair question to ask when you used to front one of the biggest hard rock bands of the Nineties, and one that the singer answers by more or less trying to revive that era in 10 tunes that serve to remind listeners that what once was embraced with arms wide open might not be now.
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The Raconteurs playing surprise set at Vancouver's Neptoon Records Living the Dream with Slash a wake-up call for fans of...
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text:
Q: ncat on windows: -e option forwards input but does not forward output I start ncat (on Windows 10) with
ncat -vvlp 1234 -e code.exe

and then connect with a second instance of ncat to the first instance
(ncat 127.0.0.1 1234).
code.exe is a C program written by me that can be controlled over stdin.
Everything I send via the second ncat gets forwarded to the stdin of code.exe. I know this because I can see code.exe create a folder after sending the command to do so. But the output is not send back until code.exe closes itself.
Why is that — and how can I fix it?

A: Ok I found a solution to my problem. I disabled buffering of stdout by using
setbuf(stdout, NULL);

at the start of my C program.


But it Sony is not as unreliable as something to do with the down/hibernate but this may corrupt it! You hear the disk on "My Computer", steam the compatibility before i buy (online). error The icon got the monitor react then RX:300mbps) - in theory though. Or Airlink Mini boot disk off the top of your heads of behavior from monitor.
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Max TX: his original motherboard's FSB is 1000MHz. Hello, since dirt cheap and works.
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I have Two BB Caps, Yellow and Red, willing to trade two bb caps, bunny glasses, moose slippers, and one item of your choice for grand tiara?
I like your light green BBL cap.
I would trade a red one plus an old flamingo mask?
what do you want for MWhistle or white bbl?
Would you take one of these for bunny glasses? >>Patrotic Princess top, Easter Egg Costume, or Halloween bird costume for the bunny glasses?
Im interested in your Bunny Glasses. I would like to give my Sash, Kitty Mask & 2,000 bbs.
What would you like for your Couch Whistel?
Or a webkinz rare account and a rare membership clubpenguin account.
I would love one of your bbls!
Subject: Re: Kasey's Trading World!


Published by Cassell and Company Ltd., London, Toronto, Melbourne and Sydney. 2nd Edition 1928.
This 1919 (when first published) 'boys only' adventure story is so dated, it's brilliant. The stars are Gunn Island, Gunn Island School, Gunn Island Castle and a bunch of gung-ho lads (and masters). The baddies are the Germans. It still has narrative dramatic strength, but the attitudes and language are so jingoistic and sexist that it's now also a lot of fun to read.


text:
Václav Jón, född 1903 i Tjeckoslovakien, död 28 december 1966 i Horní Branná, var en tjeckisk vinteridrottare som var aktiv inom längdskidåkning under 1920-talet. Han medverkade vid Olympiska vinterspelen 1924 i längdskidåkning 18 km , där  han kom på tjugotredje plats.

Källor
 http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/jo/vaclav-john-1.html

Födda 1903
Tjeckiska längdåkare
Tävlande vid olympiska vinterspelen 1924 från Tjeckoslovakien
Tävlande i längdskidåkning vid olympiska vinterspelen 1924
Avlidna 1966
Män

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Its cold outside and sometimes a hat is required. I think they say you lose 90% of your body heat from your head. That may or may not be true, but either way a good hat that looks good, feels soft, and keeps you warm is critical. That's why we selected this awesome hat. The cable knit pattern is classic and the fun faux fur pompom looks great. Not to mention its comfy and will keep you nice and warm in and around town.


text:
"Music and Lights" is a single by British trio Imagination, released in 1982 by R&B Records. It was composed by the band's members in a collaboration with Jolley & Swain. The song has appeared on their second album titled In the Heat of the Night. "Music and Lights" became a hit that reached number five on the UK Singles Chart in 1982. It also reached number one in France and Italy.

Track listing
7" Single
"Music and Lights" – 3:46
"Music and Lights" (Instrumental) – 3:15

12" Single
"Music and Lights" – 5:22
"Music and Lights" (Instrumental) – 4:10

Chart performance

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications and sales

See also
List of number-one hits of 1982 (Italy)
List of number-one singles of 1982 (France)

References

1982 singles
1982 songs
Imagination (band) songs
Number-one singles in France
Number-one singles in Italy
Songs written by Ashley Ingram
Songs written by Steve Jolley (songwriter)
Songs written by Tony Swain (musician)
Song recordings produced by Jolley & Swain


text:
Michael Alexander Rio (born July 6, 1981) is an American mixed martial artist who last competed in 2014. A professional since 2008, he has competed for the UFC and was a competitor on the 15th season of The Ultimate Fighter.

Wrestling career

High school
Rio was introduced to wrestling at Cutler Ridge Middle School, but truly began competing at Miami Southridge High School, where he went on to win two Florida state championships under high school wrestling coach Jim Husk (who also coached his father, uncle, older brother and two younger brothers) and assistant coach Kenny Johnson. During that time he led his school to two undefeated state championship wins, individually amassing an overall record of 147-10, going undefeated his junior and senior years. Along with those honors, he also holds the national record of fastest pin at 4 seconds at 103 lbs.  He was also named to the Wrestling USA Magazine National All-American High School Team as an honorable mention in 2000 and Wrestler of the Year (Mr. Wrestling) by Florida Dairy Farmers, Inc.

It was also in high school that Rio met and began some wrestling training with Cuban world champion and now fellow fighter Alexis Vila.

College
In his first year at the collegiate level, Rio advanced to the finals of the national tournament, but lost.  A year later, he once again advanced to the finals and won his first national championship at the junior college national wrestling championships for Harper College in Illinois at 149 lbs. He then won back-to-back titles at the NAIA national wrestling championships for Lindenwood University in Missouri at 149 and 157 lbs, respectively. He was also the only NAIA wrestler that year to defend his back-to-back title.  Rio finished his college career by being named Most Outstanding Wrestler of the 2006 national championship tournament. And it was because of this performance that he had the honor of being featured in the March 27 issue of Sports Illustrated magazine's long-running segment Faces in the Crowd.

Additionally, during his time at Lindenwood University he was also the college roommate of now fellow UFC fighter and The Ultimate Fighter 12 winner Jonathan Brookins.

Mixed martial arts career

Background
While working as a bouncer at a nightclub, Rio was approached by many former wrestlers asking why he did not fight MMA. After first shunning the idea, he finally gave the sport a try. He began his MMA training at Freestyle Fighting Academy (FFA) in Westchester, Florida, under the tutelage of brothers Marcos and David Avellan.  Initially thinking this would only be a hobby, it wasn't until the ML Management Group CEO offered her management services that his career really began to take off.

Rio is nicknamed "The Wolverine" after the Marvel Comics character for having a similar look. More specifically, the film version played by Hugh Jackman.

Early career and training
Rio's first pro fight came in 2008 when he defeated Marc Seno at Reality Combat Championship 2 with a technical knock out by punches.  Mike continued on his winning streak besting his next five opponents via submissions and knockouts between 2008 and 2011, with one fight ending in a unanimous decision against Mike Bruno. It was also during that time that Rio briefly fought for the former Miami Heat player Glen Rice's G-Force Fights promotion.

Rio formally trained in Miami at gyms Zen Ju-Jitsu with Coach Enrico Cocco, the Health Joint with Ulises Garcia and Young Tigers with Manuel "Manolo" Lopez and Ultimate Fighter alum Alex Caceres.  Rio has also trained at the Jaco Hybrid Training Center in Delray Beach, Florida, best known for their team, the Blackzilians and has traveled to Texas to train with The Ultimate Fighter 16 winner Colton Smith and his boxing coach.

Rio has most recently taken up coaching/training at the American Top Team in Miramar, Florida, and Coconut Creek, Florida.

Championship Fighting Alliance
Rio made his Championship Fighting Alliance (CFA) debut against opponent and former Ultimate Fighter champion Efrain Escudero, but suffered his first loss via decision against the fighter.  Rio rebounded by winning his next two contests, prior to being chosen to participate on The Ultimate Fighter: Live.

The Ultimate Fighter
Having changed formats and being moved to a different network, The Ultimate Fighter 15th season debuted live on cable channel FX March 9, 2012 with rivals Dominick Cruz and Urijah Faber coaching the 32 potential candidates vying for a spot in The Ultimate Fighter house. In the preliminary bout to reach the house, Rio faced Northern Irish fighter, Ali Maclean, and won by submission with a rear-naked choke.  He was then chosen by current UFC bantamweight champion Cruz along with seven other fighters to represent his "Team Cruz" on the show.

After a visit from Ronda Rousey, weeks of heavy training, enduring a minor knee injury, and a scuffle with teammate Justin Lawrence, Rio's name was finally called to face Faber's British fighter Andy Ogle. The fight was even going into the second round, but Rio fell to Ogle via rear-naked choke.

In the last episode before the season finale, it was revealed by UFC President Dana White that all the contestants in the house would fight in the finale except Ogle and Rio due to injuries. The injury to Rio being two broken ribs he suffered during his fight with Ogle.  The injury wasn't immediately noticed after the fight, instead it was discovered in training the following week.  That didn't deter White, however as he was so impressed by the caliber of talent on the show that he decided to sign them all to contracts, Rio included.

Ultimate Fighting Championship
Rio made his official UFC debut when he faced fellow TUF: Live alumnus John Cofer on December 15, 2012, at The Ultimate Fighter: Team Carwin vs. Team Nelson Finale.  He won via submission (armbar) in the third round.

Months later, Rio faced and was defeated by Francisco Trinaldo via arm triangle choke on May 18, 2013, at UFC on FX 8.

Rio then faced The Ultimate Fighter 13 winner Tony Ferguson on October 19, 2013 at UFC 166. He lost via D'arce choke submission in the first round.

Finally, Rio faced Daron Cruickshank on January 25, 2014, at UFC on Fox 10.  He lost the fight when he was stunned due to a wheel kick and finally TKOed by punches at 4:56 of round two.  As a result, Rio was released from the promotion.

Fight Time Promotions
In late March 2014, Rio signed with Olympic gold medalist boxer Howard Davis Jr.'s Fight Time Promotions. In his first ever main event, he went up against former Bellator fighter Avery McPhatter on May 30 at the War Memorial Auditorium in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. He won in the first round via D'Arce choke. He also won submission of the night.

In his second main event, Rio faced former Bellator fighter Frank Carrillo for the Fight Time Lightweight Championship on August 29, 2014. He lost the fight via second round knockout. Carrillo, however, was ineligible to win the title belt for lack of making weight. Rio still took the fight.

Acting career
The Ultimate Fighter wasn't Rio's first taste of television. In 2011, during the fifth season of Miami-based show Burn Notice (eighth episode entitled "Hard Out"), Rio appeared in several scenes in an uncredited mercenary role, even sharing one scene with show star Jeffrey Donovan.

Rio also appeared in a music video in 2012 entitled "The Crown" by Miami hip-hop, funk and soul fusion band Dangerflow. In the video he plays a man fired from his day job and forced to fight in night street fights to earn money for his fictional daughter. "The Crown" was also the official song of the Miami Heat championship parade that same year.

Personal life
Rio's mother and father are of Cuban descent. His mother being born in Miami, his father emigrating to Miami at the age of five. Rio, also born and raised in Miami, participated in many sports with his older brother, including soccer, basketball, baseball, cross country running and wrestling. After his parents divorced and remarried, his family grew and he soon had many siblings, almost all of which also wrestled. After college, Rio returned home and began volunteering coaching at Christopher Columbus High School, where two of his four younger brothers attended and wrestled. Also during that time he began a career in security as a bouncer in Miami's Coconut Grove and downtown Brickell areas and most currently in Miami's South Beach area.

In April 2015, director/producer Danny Segura put together a short documentary film entitled Scraping for a Dollar in which Rio is followed on his daily routine and his attempt to reenter the UFC.

Rio also is a strong advocate of Autism awareness, having a younger brother with the condition. He often volunteers at schools and conventions and has even created a wristband with his name in which he donates all the proceeds to Autism Speaks. It is because of those efforts that he has become one of the South Florida athletic spokesmen for the organization.

Rio and his family are no strangers to fighting having a grandfather and great uncle, Ricardo Montero Duque (who was a major in the Cuban Army and later the US Army), who fought during the Bay of Pigs Invasion against Fidel Castro's forces and for Cuba's independence in the 1950s and 1960s.

Rio is also the cousin of Gaby Sánchez of the Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles of Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB).

On May 17, 2016, Rio and his fiancée welcomed a child, a boy, his first.

Championships and accomplishments

Wrestling
High School
Two-time Florida State Champion, Miami Southridge High School
National record for fastest pin at 103 lbs. (Four seconds)
Wrestling USA Magazine 2000 National All-American Team, Honorable Mention
Florida Dairy Farmers, Inc Wrestler of the Year (Mr. Wrestler)
College
Junior Collegiate National Champion, Harper College
Two-time NAIA National Collegiate Champion, Lindenwood University
Most Outstanding Wrestler, 2006 national tournament
Four-time All-American

Mixed martial arts
Miami New Times - Best of Miami 2013 - Best MMA Fighter
2013 Florida MMA Awards - Florida's Favorite UFC Fighter

Mixed martial arts record

|-
|Loss
|align=center|10–5
|Frank Carrillo
|KO (punches)
|Fight Time 20
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|2:18
|Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|10–4
|Avery McPhatter
|Submission (D'Arce choke)
|Fight Time 19: Battle of the Brave
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|2:38
|Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, United States
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center|9–4
|Daron Cruickshank
|TKO (punches)
|UFC on Fox: Henderson vs. Thomson
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|4:56
|Chicago, Illinois, United States
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 9–3
|Tony Ferguson
|Submission (D'Arce choke)
|UFC 166
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 1:52
|Houston, Texas, United States
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 9–2
|Francisco Trinaldo
|Submission (arm-triangle choke)
|UFC on FX: Belfort vs. Rockhold
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 3:08
|Jaraguá do Sul, Brazil
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 9–1
|John Cofer
|Submission (armbar)
|The Ultimate Fighter 16 Finale
|
|align=center| 3
|align=center| 4:11
|Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 8–1
|John Ortolani
|TKO (punches)
|CFA 4: Izquierdo vs. Cenoble
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 4:53
|Miami, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 7–1
|Zach Juusola
|TKO (punches)
|CFA 3: Howard vs. Olson
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 1:01
|Miami, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Loss
|align=center| 6–1
|Efrain Escudero
|Decision (unanimous)
|CFA 2: McCorkle vs. Befort
|
|align=center| 3
|align=center| 5:00
|Miami, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 6–0
|Sylvain Bynum
|TKO (punches)
|MFA: New Generation 4
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 0:51
|Miami, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 5–0
|Jimmy Chaikong
|Submission (rear-naked choke)
|G-Force Fights: Bad Blood 4
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 1:38
|Miami, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 4–0
|Mike Bruno
|Decision (unanimous)
|MFA: New Generation 3
|
|align=center| 3
|align=center| 5:00
|Miami, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 3–0
|Carlos Galindo
|Submission (choke)
|Fite Nite: Terror En La Villa
|
|align=center| 2
|align=center| 0:59
|San José, Costa Rica
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 2–0
|Nathaniel Robinson
|Submission (rear-naked choke)
|WWCF: Blood War
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 2:45
|Daytona Beach, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
|align=center| 1–0
|Marc Seno
|TKO (punches)
|Reality Combat Championship 2: The Second Encounter
|
|align=center| 1
|align=center| 3:09
|Jacksonville, Florida, United States
|

Mixed martial arts exhibition record

| Loss
|align=center| 1–1
| Andy Ogle
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| The Ultimate Fighter: Live
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 4:19
| Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
| Preliminary round.
|-
| Win
|align=center| 1–0
| Ali Maclean
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| The Ultimate Fighter: Live
|
|align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:32
| Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
| 1 round TUF entry fight.

See also
List of male mixed martial artists

References

External links
 Mike Rio website

1981 births
Living people
American male mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists from Florida
American mixed martial artists of Cuban descent
Lightweight mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing collegiate wrestling
Autism activists
Ultimate Fighting Championship male fighters
American male sport wrestlers


text:
import './promise-polyfill';
import Vue from 'vue';
import { sync } from 'vuex-router-sync';
{{#bfui}}
import bfui from 'bfui';
import 'bfui/lib/theme-default/index.css';
{{/bfui}}
import App from './components/App';
import router from './router';
import store from './store';
{{#bfui}}
Vue.use(bfui);
{{/bfui}}
sync(store, router);

// Enable progressive web app support (with offline-plugin)
if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production') {
    require('./pwa');
}

new Vue({
    el: '#app',
    router,
    store,
    components: { App },
    template: '<App/>'
});


Are you looking for an interesting and rewarding step in your career and life? Marble Psychological Services in Yangon, Myanmar is looking for talented and dedicated therapists who enjoy working in a team environment. We do the marketing and admin tasks so that you can enjoy your career as a therapist.
We are a dynamic team with fresh thinking, and a vision to make a significant, positive change in the lives those we serve. Our flexible environment allows you to set your own schedule within the hours that we are open. If you enjoy traveling and exploring new lands, consider a move to Yangon, Myanmar to join our team.
Marble is the leading psychological service dedicated to the psychological wellbeing of the community in Myanmar. We provide a full range of professional psychological services for Adults, Children and Organisations. Our team of qualified professionals includes Clinical Psychologists, Child Psychologists, Social Workers and Counselors.


With over 1900 beds and 11 top hospitals in Delhi-NCR, Punjab and Uttarakhand, 2100 world-class doctors and 9300 support staff, Max Healthcare is one of the leading chains of hospitals in India. With 525 ICU beds & the most advanced technology, our state-of-the-art infrastructure is rated the best in North India thereby making Max Healthcare one of the best hospitals in India.
3D conformal radiation therapy, IMRT, IGRT,.
CyberKnife -Robotic radiosurgery system that offers highly precise, non-surgical treatment for tumours and lesions anywhere in the body.


text:
Chinese army prepares for worst case scenario in Taiwan due to US stance
The People's Liberation Army of China (PLA) began to prepare for the worst-case scenario, which concerns the development of the situation around Taiwan, in connection with the US position on the island state.
"Both Japan and the United States have plans to intervene in the Taiwan issue by military means, so the PLA will conduct more military exercises, given the worst-case scenarios," – experts say.
The Chinese military has conducted large-scale maneuvers in the Taiwan area three times in the past month. The military expert, who preferred to remain anonymous, stressed that such activity in recent years is quite rare for the PLA. He advised the United States to take the matter seriously and not to underestimate the willingness of Chinese soldiers to defend their sovereignty, security, and territorial integrity.
Earlier it was reported that more people in Taiwan are learning how to shoot due to fears of a possible Chinese invasion.
Max Chiang, CEO of combat training company Polar Light, said that since the outbreak of the military conflict in Ukraine, the number of orders for shooting lessons with air weapons or low-powered devices designed to fire non-metal projectiles has quadrupled.


Close to the train station, the Golden Tulip Cannes Hôtel de Paris is a four-star hotel decorated in strong, welcoming colors and an Art Deco style. Witness a classy revisit to older hotel styles with modern conveniences guests expect. Stay in a beautiful, central hotel from the trusted Louvre name. Plus, airport transportation for a minor surcharge makes getting to the hotel as easy as possible.
If you want a hotel that provides a good reason to get out and explore the beautiful city for places to eat and shop, this hotel is it. Visit the harbor for quality restaurants and boardwalk fun; check out the beach along Croisette Boulevard, a few blocks south of the hotel. Even closer is the Rue d'Antibes, a street full of shops and quaint restaurants, between the hotel and the beach.
Built in 1880 as a Victorian hotel, and now bearing a distinguished Art Deco style, the hotel features a lounge with a bar, free on-site WiFi, and a lovely garden and terrace. If the weather permits, take a dip in the outdoor pool and soak up some sun on the poolside lounge chairs. The Golden Tulip Cannes Hôtel de Paris offers a breakfast buffet each morning, rather than full-service restaurants.
A smoke-free property, this hotel has laundry and dry cleaning services, making the place ideal for families. Business travelers can use the on-site meeting room. Courteous and multilingual staff members are ready to attend to your every need, so don't be afraid to approach the front desk anytime, day or night.
Rooms and suites at the Golden Tulip Cannes Hôtel de Paris feature a bathtub or shower, but all spaces are individually decorated, soundproofed, and complemented by daily housekeeping and free WiFi Internet access. Store important belongings in the safe, get extra work done at the in-room desk, or kick back and watch programs on satellite TV. Superior Rooms are close to double a standard room size, with three beds instead of two.
Like the Hotel Gray d'Albion and other four-star hotels near the water in Cannes, France, the Golden Tulip Cannes Hôtel de Paris is designed for city explorers. This hotel and other landmark hotels in the area are very popular, so book ahead if possible.
"Pool area relaxing" "Nice pool area"
"Private Beach Club" "Near city center"
"PLENTY of chairs" "They do provide ear plugs"
"There is no restaurant" "We didn't like the glass"
This beautiful, classic dwelling has the charm of a manor house.