The American Psychological Association (APA) conducted a study indicating that black boys are perceived as being older and less innocent than their white peers by Caucasian police officers and college women. The APA study was discussed during two Blogtalkradio shows: "Human Rights for Prisoners March" on March 17 and "Assistance to the Incarcerated Mentally Ill (AIMI)" broadcast on March 19. Links to both shows are below in this article. Discussions will continue Sunday, March 23 on "Human Rights Demand" channel at Blogtalkradio.
The APA study exposed that Caucasian police officers who dehumanize blacks are more likely to use force on black boys like those featured in five photographs in this article. Juries comprised of whites (like the white college students in the APA study) seem predisposed to attribute guilt to black boys. The white research participants generally believed black boys, even 10-year-olds, to be 4.5 years older than they actually were and therefore more responsible. The research also indicates that black boys accused of crimes were likely to be presumed guilty by the white study participants. This explains why prosecutors seldom charge, and Caucasians on grand juries seldom indict, police officers who brutalize or kill black boys.
"'In the 1972-73 school year, suspension rates were 6 percent for whites and 12 percent for African Americans at the secondary school level. [Racism is getting worse.] The most recent federal figures, for 2009-10, show rates of 7 percent for whites and 24 percent for African Americans in those grades,' said researcher Daniel J. Losen, director of the Center for Civil Rights Remedies, at University of California, Los Angeles.
"For some student groups, the rates are markedly higher. For example, among middle and high school students, 36 percent of black males with disabilities were suspended at least once in 2009-10,' Losen said."
Mentally challenged black boys are extremely likely to experience out-of-school suspensions - not wholly because of their behavior but also because of systemic prejudice against them and the dehumanization of black boys, especially those with mental disparities. "Out-of-school suspensions are linked to academic disengagement, lower achievement and greater risks of school dropout and contact with the juvenile justice system," researchers said.
Mentally ill inmates generally receive harsher prison sentences regardless of their race, possibly because they are less able to participate in their own defense. Once incarcerated, people with serious mental illness are unlikely to have their sentences shortened by doing prison labor or being "model prisoners." In fact, prison sentences of mentally challenged inmates are often lengthened due to their lack of understanding or ability to follow CO's instructions and prison rules. One might assume from the two research studies referenced herein that mentally challenged black men are also more harshly punished in correctional institutions, like they were in school.
Intolerance of black boys and men, especially if they have mental illness, is reflected in our prison rates. According to the United States Department of Justice, blacks comprised 12 percent to 13 percent of the nation's population but over 40 percent of the prisoners. Solitary confinement is one of the punitive methods used in corrections, and more than 80 percent of the inmates enduring solitary confinement torture in the United States are black people.
Marissa Sargeant, mother of a 14-year-old boy, claims officers brutally beat her son after he was arrested for shoplifting from a Wal Mart store in Tullytown, PA, reports The Grio. He was Tasered repeatedly in his face, which some consider torture.
"If it seems to you that the police are becoming more violent, you may be right. In 2011, Los Angeles County police shot to death 54 people, some 70 percent more than in 2010. Between 2008 and 2013, the number of people shot by Massachusetts police increased every year. In 2012, police in New York City shot and killed 16 people, nine more the previous year and the most in 12 years. In 2012, Philadelphia police shot 52 people the highest number in 10 years." The victims of police violence are overwhelmingly black boys and men, including mentally challenged people who were killed when officers responded to families' calls for assistance. See "How Many People are Police Killing?"
http://youtu.be/L5TECZwysqQ Some whites still have freedom of press in USA.
AIMI members support Rep. Tim Murphy's congressional bill, "H.R.3717 - Helping Families in Mental Health Crisis Act," which was introduced in December 2013 and now has over 40 co-sponsors. One provision of H.R.3717 is training for police officers and correctional officers regarding the apprehension and containment of people with mental illness without causing injuries and deaths. Please read about the bill in articles within this blog, and hear H.R.3717 discussed during "Assistance to the Incarcerated Mentally Ill" radio broadcasts on Blogtalkradio (February 12 and 19, 2014). Few members from the Congressional Black Caucus have co-sponsored H.R.3717 thus far, although research proves that black people are overly represented among families experiencing mental health crisis and most likely to suffer serious injuries and fatalities because of it.
Racism, police brutality, wrongful deaths, prisoner torture, child abuse by police officers, prison profiteering, and hate crimes against the mentally disabled, particularly non-whites, are widespread problems that will not be addressed with corrective measures unless they are first exposed to the general public as well as to our elected and appointed officials. Unfortunately, advocacy for human rights in America is censored.
"Care2 is Down for Maintenance"
Through online media, human rights advocates expose crimes against humanity. Oppressing black school boys and criminalizing mental illness are tragic circumstances that deserve exposure. The recent studies published by the American Psychological Association and by the Discipline Disparities Research-to-Practice Collaborative identified extreme prejudice against black boys and men, especially the mentally disabled, which account for police violence against that population and the denial of due process by whites in positions of authority over the justice system after such offenses occur. But it is difficult to share the studies and challenge officials and the general populace to change because of racial prejudice in Internet media companies and the NSA, which not only monitors but also censors Internet content by and about African Americans.
Sometimes people harbor racist viewpoints without being aware of them. For example, a recent study by Kelly M. Hoffman and Adam Waytz shows that people, including medical personnel, assume black people feel less pain than white people. The researchers asked participants to rate how much pain they would feel in 18 common scenarios. The participants rated experiences such as stubbing a toe or getting shampoo in their eyes on a four-point scale (where 1 is "not painful" and 4 is "extremely painful"). Then they rated how another person (a randomly assigned photo of an experimental "target") would feel in the same situations. Sometimes the target was white, sometimes black. In each experiment, the researchers found that white participants, black participants, and nurses and nursing students assumed that blacks felt less pain than whites. See "Racial Perceptions of Others' Pain"
Your opinions are invited in the comment field below, where this writer will also publish a copy of this article to discourage cyber bullies from tampering with the article. The public is invited to share mental health news and opinions in the comment field and during AIMI's Blogtalkradio broadcasts Wednesdays at 9pm Pacific by calling (818)572.2947.
It would be illegal to keep a dog in a tight space 23 hours a day and gas or Taser him for barking. It would be illegal to put a dog into a deadly restraint chair for control. But this happens to mentally ill Americans routinely in the nation's jails and prisons. What happened to Larry Neal?
Will repeat the article "Cards Stacked Against Black Boys, Especially If Mentally Challenged" in comments. Give me a minute. Thanks.


text:
New Price: $7.97
The Civil Rights Movement Finally Gets Its Hollywood Close-Up
Stephen Somerstein. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. speaking to 25,000 civil rights marchers in Montgomery, 1965.
For more than half a century, the struggle for civil rights in America has provided a volcano of inspiration for all sorts of writers. The flow of words started with eyewitness reports from the front lines of the battlefield — Montgomery, Little Rock, Greensboro, Nashville, Anniston, Jackson, Birmingham, Selma — written by some brave and dedicated journalists, black and white. It soon grew into a river of books – memoirs, biographies, reportage, histories, autobiographies. Eventually filmmakers followed the lead of these writers, and their labors, both documentaries and features, have finally stepped into the spotlight with this year's Best Picture Oscar nomination for Selma, the story of Martin Luther King Jr.'s role in the bloody Selma-to-Montgomery march that led to passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
Win or lose on Oscar night, Selma has already performed a valuable service. Along with critical kudos and box office success, it has inspired loud dismay that its black lead actor, David Oyelowo, and its black director, Ava DuVernay, were snubbed by the Oscars — and, beyond that, that there are no persons of color in the Best Actor, Best Actress, or Best Director categories. For good measure, loyalists of President Lyndon B. Johnson have howled that Selma paints him, unfairly, as a reluctant advocate of the Voting Rights Act.
While this storm has been fascinating to watch — or infuriating, depending on your point of view — it should not come as a surprise. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences is, after all, still very much a boy's club — make that a white boy's club or, better yet, an old white boy's club. The Academy is more than 90 percent white, men outnumber women three to one, and the members' average age is 63. The five movies in the Best Adapted Screenplay category are a telling reflection of this club's makeup: each one is a portrait of an extraordinary gentleman — a civil rights leader, a sniper, a mathematician, a cosmologist, and a drummer. Not a woman in the pack.
The uproar over this year's monochromatic and heavily masculine Oscar nominations threatens to obscure an important fact: Selma may be an artistic astonishment, but it did not come out of nowhere; it is the climax of a cinematic crescendo that has been building for years.
The civil rights movement's long journey to Oscar recognition began in the 1970s, when Ernest J. Gaines's novel The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman inspired a TV movie of the same name, the story of a remarkable woman who was born into slavery and lived to 110, long enough to join the civil rights movement in the 1960s. The movie, starring Cicely Tyson, was a breakthrough for American television, putting civil rights activists front and center and treating them with sympathy and respect. (Feature films were by then slightly more accommodating to black characters, especially if they were played by Sidney Poitier.) The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman was followed by King, a TV mini-series based on the life of Martin Luther King Jr., and Eyes on the Prize, Henry Hampton's decorated 14-hour documentary of the civil rights movement. Such movies about the movement set a high standard, one that many later filmmakers would fail to meet.
A prime example of such a failure — and a prelude to this year's dust-up over the immaculate whiteness of various Oscar categories — was the director Alan Parker's 1988 feature film, Mississippi Burning, which received seven Oscar nominations but little love from black critics or audiences. The movie focuses on a pair of mismatched white FBI agents — one played by Gene Hackman as a gruff former Mississippi sheriff, the other by Willem Dafoe as a gung-ho young Yankee — who are sent in to solve the disappearance of three civil rights workers during the Freedom Summer of 1964. The two agents spar at first but eventually work together and close the case. In addition to pushing the black characters deep into the shade — a source of much anger at the time — Mississippi Burning posits that J. Edgar Hoover's FBI was a protector of civil rights activists. Nothing was further from the truth, as Selma points out, and as Brent Staples noted in The New York Times shortly after Mississippi Burning was released.
"The Hoover FBI was not, as Mr. Parker suggests, made up of jaunty, sympathetic types, who bit their nails bloody over civil rights deaths," Staples wrote. "Hoover was decidedly hostile to such investigations, thought the movement was a Communist conspiracy and went after civil rights violations so slowly that he often came near openly defying the President and Attorney General." Parker has defended casting two white actors in the lead roles because, as a simple matter of fact, there were no black FBI agents in 1964. But conspicuously absent from the movie, as Staples, noted, were dedicated black activists who were in Mississippi at the time, including Robert Moses, John Lewis, and Fannie Lou Hamer.
Movies about the civil rights movement — the successful ones– have tended to follow one of two strategies. They focus either on the well-known leaders or on the faceless foot soldiers — or, for lack of better terms, on the "big" people or the "little" people. In the former category are movies about King, Malcolm X, Rosa Parks, Medgar Evers, James Meredith, and the Tuskegee Airmen; in the latter category are movies about the students who integrated Central High School in Little Rock, the students who sat in at the Woolworth's lunch counter in Greensboro, the Freedom Riders, the participants in Freedom Summer, the journalists who covered these events, members of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, also known as SNCC and pronounced Snick, including Robert Moses, Diane Nash, and James Bevel.
Among its many virtues is the way Selma deftly straddles this line, putting King at center stage but surrounding him with supporters and antagonists, both black and white, both famous and unknown. The movie even dramatizes the often-overlooked fact that King faced opposition from within the movement, as when disgruntled SNCC students accuse him of selling out for refusing to lead the way across Selma's Edmund Pettus Bridge on the second of three tries, the so-called "Turnaround Tuesday" that followed horrific "Bloody Sunday."
Stephen Somerstein. Marchers on the way to Montgomery as families watch from their porches, 1965.
One filmmaker who has built a stellar career making documentaries about the movement's "little" people is Stanley Nelson, who has produced vivid portraits of unsung journalists (The Black Press: Soldiers Without Swords, 1999); a teenage murder victim (The Murder of Emmett Till, 2003); courageous barrier breakers (Freedom Riders, 2010); and the fateful summer of 1964 (Freedom Summer, 2014).
"I'm interested in the people behind the big figures," Nelson said by telephone from Park City, Utah, where his new documentary, Black Panthers: Vanguard of a Revolution, was having its premier at the Sundance Film Festival. "We learn about Martin Luther King and Malcolm X and Rosa Parks in school. But what would motivate somebody who lives in Selma to become a part of the march to Montgomery? That's what interests me — the people behind the scenes."
Another fascinating glimpse of the people behind the scenes is on display now at the New York Historical Society, in a show called "Freedom Journey 1965." It consists of photographs, mostly black and white, taken by a New York college student named Stephen Somerstein, who walked the 54 miles from Selma to Montgomery and chronicled the marchers, spectators, and police he encountered along the way. The show is a knockout. We see the "big" people — King, Joan Baez, James Baldwin, Harry Belafonte — and, better yet, we also see the "little people," including black women on porches with their babies, white hecklers, rapt families watching from the side of the road, and many of the 25,000 people who get swept up in the euphoric spirit of the march. (For more photo-documentation of this and other civil rights marches, see Dan Budnik's splendid book, Marching to the Freedom Dream.)
Nelson has high praise for Selma. He says he was especially impressed by the way Oyelowo "channeled" King — as opposed to the way Jamie Foxx "imitated" Ray Charles in Ray. Nelson found the portrayal of an ambivalent LBJ "brilliant," and he was delighted that DuVernay brought out the internecine friction between King and SNCC.
In the end, the filmmaker in Nelson sees virtues in Selma that have as much to do with craft as with race. The movie, he says, "has shown that you can make a film that looks good on a fairly limited budget. And it has shown that if you make a good film, people will come."
In this contentious Oscar season, that may be the most uplifting news of all.
Image Credit: The New York Historical Society.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


There's no way to sugar-coat this: the bike industry is suffering. Despite comments from transport ministers saying that cycling is booming, it's not. At least not in terms of new-bike sales. According to HMRC statistics for the second quarter of this year, bike imports are down by 11 percent. This came after a steep decline in the first quarter also. If extrapolated over the full year this could result in 2.5 million bikes sold in 2017, or one million less than in 2016. If so, that would be a 17-year low for the UK cycle industry.
Part of the malaise is due to Brexit – the UK cycle industry is dependent on imports and therefore takes a hit when the pound plunges – but there's also a global downturn in bicycle sales with even traditionally strong cycling markets, such as the Netherlands, suffering from uncharacteristic falls. Nevertheless, it's the UK which is suffering from the greatest decline of bicycle sales in Europe.
"These results were very poor. Turnover increased (by 1.8 percent) but gross margin slippage (from 37.7 percent to 36 percent) and an inability to contain administrative costs (5.7 percent higher) caused Evans to slip deeply into the red. Operating profits of £1.7m in 2015 (not a lot in itself on £133.4m of sales) reversed to a loss of £2m in 2016. The headline loss was in fact much worse, at a whopping £6.5m, after £4.6m of exceptional costs."
Secret Accountant fears that more bicycle businesses will fail this year, and he's not alone. What's causing this global slowdown in bike sales? If there's one single reason – and, in a complex world, this is unlikely – the reason would be fashion. Cycling is in one of its periodic troughs. As I explain in my book Bike Boom the popularity of cycling – both in sales and in use – seems to go in 15–20-year, er, cycles.
Looking on the bright side, there are UK manufacturing companies, such as Pashley and Brompton, which are thriving, and not just because the weaker pound boosts their export earnings.


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text:
Energy subsidies total $24 billion, most to renewables
By Steve Hargreaves @CNNMoney March 7, 2012: 1:46 PM ET
Century Wind Farm in Iowa. The wind industry is the second-largest recipient of government subsidies in the renewables sector.
NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- The federal government spent $24 billion on energy subsidies in 2011, with the vast majority going to renewable energy sources, according to a government report.
Renewable energy and energy efficiency accounted for $16 billion of the federal support, according to the Congressional Budget Office, while the fossil-fuel industry received $2.5 billion in tax breaks.
This is a stark change from a decade ago. The CBO noted that until 2008, most energy subsidies went to the fossil-fuel industry. The idea at the time was to encourage more domestic oil production, especially when the price of oil was low.
CBO said the $24 billion total is a small fraction of the hundreds of billions the government's various annual subsidies, which take the form of both grants and tax breaks.
The report, released Tuesday, comes amid intense debate over energy policy in Washington.
A painful cure for gas prices: Recession
The Obama administration has repeatedly called for the elimination of tax breaks for oil companies, saying the near-record profits reaped by the industry no longer justify such tax breaks.
Meanwhile, Republicans continue to be unhappy with how the Energy Department has handled some of the programs it administers, notably the loan guarantee program that funded the now-bankrupt solar-panel maker Solyndra.
Some lawmakers want federal support for renewable energy scaled back or eliminated altogether, arguing the technology is not cost competitive and the subsidies are a waste of money.
Renewable-energy advocates argue they should be the beneficiaries of the federal support, as it will put them on an equal footing with oil and gas competitors that received so much in past subsidies.
They say that while renewable technologies may be more expensive now, federal support provides a crucial market and that, given time and economies of scale, renewable technologies will eventually be able to compete with fossil fuel.
Players in the renewable-energy sector include everyone from small manufacturers of solar panels to multi-national oil companies and investment banks.
The CBO report said tax credits for the ethanol industry totaled over $6 billion, making it the largest single renewable-energy recipient.
Ethanol tax credits usually go to refiners, which include some of the largest companies in the world like Exxon Mobil (XOM, Fortune 500), Royal Dutch Shell (RDSA) and BP (BP).
0:00 / 1:52 How to cut long-term gas prices
The wind industry is the second-largest recipient of government tax breaks in the renewable sector.
CBO was mostly critical of government tax breaks as a means of spurring investment in energy production.
"They are generally an inefficient way to reduce environmental and other external costs of energy," the report said. "They often reward businesses for investments and actions they intended to take anyway."
The report said some type of tax on dirtier fuels like oil or coal would be a better way to discourage certain energy sources and promote others. Most economists agree, but it's a difficult sell politically. Few politicians have advocated increasing the gasoline tax, especially in an election year and with gas prices already near record highs.
The report said government support for basic energy R&D is a better investment, as businesses are reluctant to make bets on long-shot technologies but the pay-off for society when one pans out can be significant.
First Published: March 7, 2012: 12:38 PM ET
America's oil boom - at a cost
How to cut gas prices long term -- Video
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While I'd prefer to socialize with more people of my age group and exact life stage, I kept an open mind. After all, when I encounter people through work or Rob's class and think they're potential friend candidates, they usually turn out to be in their early 20s. Nothing wrong with making a few friends who are 10 years older, versus 10 years younger.
Some of the ladies are in fact 60-plus, but several others were in their 40s and 50s. Without a doubt, my 30-year-old friend is the youngest. There was nothing awkward about it, except maybe after we were done discussing the book and a few of the women started comparing menopause notes. Seriously.
It was a large, lively group of about 15 people, but I bet not everyone shows up all the time. I thought everyone was going to have adored the book, Border Songs, although I was ambivalent about it. I enjoyed the writing style and the characters, but was underwhelmed by the ending. I like a satisfying ending. It seemed to me that there are several moments in the book where something really major could happen, but then it turns out not to happen. Is there some meaning to that, or did the author just not want to go there? Note to self: Good novels require that you go there.
My ambivalence made me excited to discuss it. When I finished The Story of Edgar Sawtelle, I was desperate to talk to other people who had read it so I could express my dissatisfaction. I wanted to know why characters did what they did. I learned later, through the author's appearance on Oprah that he didn't know why the characters did what they did. Fail.
Several of the book club ladies disliked the writing style but sort of liked the story. Since it took place in their backyard, everybody related to certain things. People unanimously thought the main character never would have been hired by the Border Patrol. The leader of the group said a few times, "Well, it was a fun read," as though that made it pointless to dig too deep into the meaning or discuss it as literature.
I would say that the discussion gave me some additional insight about the book, and gave me a venue to share my ideas. I can see how certain louder individuals might get on my nerves, or that it could be frustrating trying to get a word in edgewise, but fortunately, I felt confident enough to squeeze my voice in there. I look forward to our next meeting in November, where we will discuss Tobias Wolff's Old School.


text:
Anselm Opitius Adornes (Brugge, 1569 - 14 november 1610) was burgemeester van Brugge.

Levensloop
Anselm Opitius Adornes was de enige zoon van Jacob Adornes van Ronsele en Françoise van Belle.
Hij trouwde met Anna van Brakel (†1636). Het huwelijkscontract werd ondertekend op 1 april 1594. Hij was toen net vijfentwintig en juridisch meerderjarig geworden. Tot dan was hij onder de voogdij van een paar familieleden die zijn vermogen beheerden en geconfronteerd werden met de eisen van de weduwe van Jacob Adornes die een groter aandeel eiste in het erfdeel van haar man.

Anselm en zijn vrouw hadden minstens zeven kinderen:
 Joris Adornes (1595)
 Joris-Lambert (1596-1635) x Isabelle de Beer , xx Jenne de Haynin
 François (1597-1600)
 Anna Françoise x Gerard de Draeck
 Pieter (1599-1662) x Marie-Agnes de Beer
 Jacques-Anselm (1602-1688) x Maria-Magdalena van Coornuyze
 Karel-Filips (1604).

Joris-Lambert, Pieter en Jacques-Anselm hebben nakomelingen gehad.

Anselm was weldoener van het kartuizerklooster Genadedal in de Langestraat.

Onder Albrecht en Isabella werd hij tot ridder geslagen.

Het echtpaar werd begraven in de Jeruzalemkerk, en een monument werd ter hunner nagedachtenis opgericht, dat er zich nog steeds bevindt.

Brugs stadsbestuur
Het is pas in de tien laatste jaren van zijn leven, toen hij de dertig voorbij was, dat Anselm Opitius ambten in het Brugse stadsbestuur bekleedde, als volgt:
 Schepen in 1600-02, 1604-05.
 Burgemeester van de raadsleden in 1602-03, 1603-04, 1608-09, 1609-10.
 Burgemeester van de schepenen in 1605-06, 1606-07.
 Raadslid in 1610: hij had pas deze functie opgenomen toen hij stierf.

Anselm was pas de veertig voorbij toen hij stierf en het is waarschijnlijk dat hierdoor een veelbelovende carrière vroegtijdig werd afgebroken.

Literatuur
 J. J. GAILLIARD, Recherches sur l'Eglise de Jérusalem à Bruges, Brugge, 1843.
 J. J. GAILLIARD, Bruges et le Franc, Deel 3, Brugge, 1859, blz. 103-121.
 Valentin VERMEERSCH, Brugge Duizend jaar kunst, Antwerpen, 1981, blz. 330.
 Noël GEIRNAERT, Aanwinsten voor het Brugse Stadsarchief, in: Handelingen van het Genootschap voor Geschiedenis te Brugge, 1981.
 Noël GEIRNAERT & André VANDEWALLE, Adornes en Jeruzalem. Internationaal leven in het 15de- en 16de-eeuwse Brugge, Brugge, 1983.
 Noël GEIRNAERT, Het archief van de familie Adornes en de Jeruzalemstichting te Brugge. Deel I: Inventaris - Deel II: Regesten van de oorkonden en brieven tot en met 1560, Brugge, 1989.

Anselm
Persoon in de Nederlanden in de 17e eeuw
Zuid-Nederlands raadslid (voor 1830)
Zuid-Nederlands schepen (voor 1830)
Zuid-Nederlands burgemeester (voor 1830)
Schepen van Brugge
Burgemeester van Brugge

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Manakara
Manakara, Madagascar
January, like December, in Manakara, Madagascar, is a moderately hot summer month, with average temperature ranging between min 24.3°C (75.7°F) and max 28.7°C (83.7°F). January is the warmest month, with an average high-temperature of 28.7°C (83.7°F) and an average low-temperature of 24.3°C (75.7°F). In January, the average heat index is estimated at a hot 33.9°C (93°F). Weather in January »
February, the last month of the summer, in Manakara, is also a moderately hot month, with average temperature varying between 28.4°C (83.1°F) and 24°C (75.2°F). In Manakara, the average high-temperature is almost the same as in January - a still warm 28.4°C (83.1°F). Weather in February »
The first month of the autumn, March, is still a warm month in Manakara, Madagascar, with average temperature ranging between min 23.8°C (74.8°F) and max 28°C (82.4°F). In Manakara, the average high-temperature is almost the same as in February - a still warm 28°C (82.4°F). Weather in March »
April, like March, in Manakara, Madagascar, is another warm autumn month, with average temperature varying between 22.7°C (72.9°F) and 26.9°C (80.4°F). In Manakara, Madagascar, the average high-temperature is practically the same as in March - a still moderately hot 26.9°C (80.4°F). Weather in April »
May, the last month of the autumn, in Manakara, is another warm month, with average temperature fluctuating between 25.3°C (77.5°F) and 20.9°C (69.6°F). In Manakara, the average high-temperature in May is almost the same as in April - a still moderately hot 25.3°C (77.5°F). Weather in May »
June, the first month of the winter, in Manakara, is still a warm month, with average temperature ranging between max 24°C (75.2°F) and min 19.5°C (67.1°F). In Manakara, the average high-temperature in June is essentially the same as in May - a still warm 24°C (75.2°F). Weather in June »
July, the same as June, in Manakara, Madagascar, is an agreeable winter month, with average temperature fluctuating between 22.8°C (73°F) and 18.4°C (65.1°F). July is the coldest month, with an average high-temperature of 22.8°C (73°F) and an average low-temperature of 18.4°C (65.1°F). Weather in July »
The last month of the winter, August, is a moderately hot month in Manakara, Madagascar, with temperature in the range of an average low of 18.9°C (66°F) and an average high of 23.4°C (74.1°F). In Manakara, Madagascar, the average high-temperature is relatively the same as in July - a warm 23.4°C (74.1°F). Weather in August »
The first month of the spring, September, is also a moderately hot month in Manakara, Madagascar, with average temperature varying between 24.5°C (76.1°F) and 19.7°C (67.5°F). In Manakara, the average high-temperature is almost the same as in August - a still warm 24.5°C (76.1°F). Weather in September »
October, like September, in Manakara, Madagascar, is another warm spring month, with average temperature varying between 26°C (78.8°F) and 21.6°C (70.9°F). In October, the average high-temperature is almost the same as in September - a still warm 26°C (78.8°F). Weather in October »
November, the last month of the spring, in Manakara, is another warm month, with average temperature varying between 22.7°C (72.9°F) and 26.9°C (80.4°F). In Manakara, the average high-temperature in November is relatively the same as in October - a still warm 26.9°C (80.4°F). Weather in November »
The first month of the summer, December, is also a moderately hot month in Manakara, Madagascar, with average temperature varying between 24.1°C (75.4°F) and 28.5°C (83.3°F). In Manakara, the average high-temperature is almost the same as in November - a still moderately hot 28.5°C (83.3°F). Weather in December »
What is the warmest month in Manakara?
With an average high-temperature of 28.7°C (83.7°F) and an average low-temperature of 24.3°C (75.7°F), January is the warmest month.
How much does it rain in Manakara?
Throughout the year, there are 217.3 rainfall days, and 880mm (34.65") of precipitation is accumulated.
What is the rainiest month in Manakara?
The month with the most rainfall is January when the rain falls for 22 days and typically aggregates up to 151mm (5.94") of precipitation.
What are the months with the highest UV index in Manakara?
January, February and December, with an average maximum UV index of 7, are months with the highest UV index.
When is the sea warmest in Manakara?
Months with the warmest seawater are February and March, with an average sea temperature of 28.6°C (83.5°F).
What is the most humid month in Manakara?
March is the most humid month, with an average relative humidity of 82%.
What is the month with the lowest UV index in Manakara?
March through November, with an average maximum UV index of 6, are months with the lowest UV index.
What is the month with the shortest days in Manakara?
With an average of 10.8h of daylight, June has the shortest days of the year in Manakara.
What is the month with the least sunshine in Manakara?
June has the least sunshine of the year, with an average of 5.9h of sunshine.
What is the coldest month in Manakara?
With an average high-temperature of 22.8°C (73°F) and an average low-temperature of 18.4°C (65.1°F), July is the coldest month in Manakara, Madagascar.
What is the least humid month in Manakara?
July through September, with an average relative humidity of 78%, are the least humid months in Manakara.
What is the driest month in Manakara?
September is the month with the least rainfall. Rain falls for 12.2 days and accumulates 24mm (0.94") of precipitation.
When is the sea coldest in Manakara?
The month with the coldest seawater in Manakara, Madagascar, is September, with an average sea temperature of 24.2°C (75.6°F).
When are the longest days in Manakara?
December has the longest days of the year, with an average of 13.5h of daylight.
What month has the most sunshine in Manakara?
With an average of 9.7h of sunshine, December has the most sunshine of the year.
The warmest month (with the highest average high temperature) is January (28.7°C).
The month with the lowest average high temperature is July (22.8°C).
The month with the highest average low temperature is January (24.3°C).
The coldest month (with the lowest average low temperature) is July (18.4°C).
The month with the highest atmospheric pressure is July (1022.6mbar).
The month with the lowest atmospheric pressure is January (1011.9mbar).
The windiest month (with the highest average wind speed) is October (17.1km/h).
The calmest month (with the lowest average wind speed) is May (11km/h).
The month with the highest relative humidity is March (82%).
Months with the lowest relative humidity are July, August and September (78%).
The wettest month (with the highest rainfall) is January (151mm).
The driest month (with the least rainfall) is September (24mm).
The month with the highest number of rainy days is January (22 days).
The month with the least rainy days is September (12.2 days).
The best months for swimming (with the highest average sea temperature) are February and March (28.6°C).
The coldest month (with the lowest average sea temperature) is September (24.2°C).
The month with the longest days is December (Average daylight: 13.5h).
The month with the shortest days is June (Average daylight: 10.8h).
The month with the most sunshine is December (Average sunshine: 9.7h).
The month with the least sunshine is June (Average sunshine: 5.9h).
The month with the most sunshine days is September (12.9 days).
The month with the least sunshine days is January (6.3 days).
Months with the highest UV index are January, February and December (UV index 7).
Months with the lowest UV index are March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October and November (UV index 6).
Months with the most cloud cover are March and November (Cloud cover 48).
Months with the highest visibility are January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December (10km).
Months with the lowest visibility are January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December (10km).
The month with the most rainfall is January when the rain falls for 22 days and typically aggregates up to 151mm (5.94") of precipitation. With an average high-temperature of 22.8°C (73°F) and an average low-temperature of 18.4°C (65.1°F), July is the coldest month in Manakara, Madagascar. [1378494]


Relabeling, repackaging, refurbishment, returns avoidance, proactive diagnostics, in-store repair, etc. — whatever you need to get products retail-ready.
As the rate of returns increase, so does the need for value added services within the reverse logistics process. Many returned products require special attention before they are ready for resale, and we're proud to offer standard services like relabeling, repackaging, and refurbishment, as well as complex regional solutions like returns avoidance, proactive diagnostics, and in-store repair.
For our customers and partners supplying electronic devices, avoiding returns is crucial. Our value added services regularly achieve 'save rates' in excess of 60 percent for end-customers in the first 28 days of product ownership. We provide hardware technology, software and solution delivery, reporting, and trouble-shooting services.
Customer service can be difficult to manage, especially when the necessary knowledge is focused on an area of business that you may outsource — like reverse logistics. To alleviate this challenge, we offer a wide range of customer support services on behalf of our customers and partners. We can support issues around courier management to repair-related customer contact and more.
In select regions, we offer your end-customers special delivery options that are designed with utmost convenience in mind. End-customers can mail a device in for repair and opt for it to be returned to their home address, or they can take it to a retail store and indicate whether they prefer in-store pickup or to receive it at another address.
In-store repair capabilities are key to your growth and can distinguish you as the provider of choice for customers with defective or damaged devices. Leveraging your retail store network to offer a range of in-warranty and out-of-warranty repair services can generate significant income and attract more customers.
In some countries, we can support a fully managed in-store repair service. To do this, we move the capability from our repair sites into your stores and adhere to your branding (suitable stores are designated by volume of footfall and localized install base, to ensure maximum use of this service).
The way devices are used contributes to their functionality and effectiveness; repeat repairs are often a result of the device owner's activity or behavior, rather than a fault in the device hardware. To overcome this challenge, we offer post-repair customer support. We track the delivery of the device and contact the user a day or two after they receive it to check the health of the device, encourage backup, respond to usability questions, and gauge customer satisfaction. By taking a proactive approach, repeat repairs are prevented and the customer experience is elevated.


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Home Mobiles Samsung unveils roadmap of availability of Android 10: Names devices which will...
Samsung unveils roadmap of availability of Android 10: Names devices which will be receiving updates soon
Galaxy S8 and Note 8 did not make the cut to receive Android 10
By Achuuth Karthick
Samsung is sending out updates quite quickly this year. The South Korean company already pushed the One interface 2.0 beta update, which is based on Android 10 to many of its smartphones. The company has officially declared the Android 10 update roadmap for all eligible Samsung smartphones, is your device on the list?
According to this roadmap, the Samsung Galaxy S9 and Samsung Galaxy Note 9 will get the Android 10 stable update in January amongst other phones. The Samsung Israeli roadmap however says that some of the Samsung Galaxy S9 devices will receive the update in April of 2020. Meanwhile, the European list suggests 3 5G phones yet to be launched will receive the update by January of 2020.
The roadmap states that the Samsung Galaxy S9 series, Samsung Galaxy Note 9, Samsung Galaxy M20, Samsung Galaxy M30, Samsung Galaxy A30, Samsung Galaxy S10 series, Samsung Galaxy Note 10 series will be getting their updates in January 2020 while the Samsung Galaxy M40 will receive the update for Android 10 in March 2020.
April 2020 will see the Samsung Galaxy A6, Samsung Galaxy A6+, Samsung Galaxy A7 (2018), Samsung Galaxy A9 (2018), Samsung Galaxy A50, Samsung Galaxy A50s, Samsung Galaxy A70, Samsung Galaxy A70s, Samsung Galaxy A80, Samsung Galaxy M30s, Samsung Galaxy Tab S6 will start receiving the update to Android 10.
The Samsung Galaxy A8 Star, Samsung Galaxy A10, Samsung Galaxy A10s, Samsung Galaxy A20, Samsung Galaxy A30s, Samsung Galaxy M10s will be getting their updates in May 2020.
June would mean updates for the Samsung Galaxy On6, Samsung Galaxy J6, and the Samsung Galaxy A20s while July will see updates for the Samsung Galaxy S6+, Samsung Galaxy J7 Duo, Samsung Galaxy On8, Samsung Galaxy J8, Samsung Galaxy Tab S4, and Samsung Galaxy Tab S5e.
The Samsung Galaxy Tab A8 will receive the update in August. Samsung Galaxy Tab A 10.5 (2018) and Samsung Galaxy Tab A 10.1 getting the updates lastly, in September.
Samsung's flagship, The Samsung Galaxy Fold, which has been in the news recently, will only receive the update in April 2020, which is when mid-range and cheaper devices will also be receiving access to Android 10. Samsung probably does not want to take chances with the Galaxy Fold and wants to make sure everything works on it with the new update. The good news is that Samsung is not restricting the chance to update to Android 10 only to its premium smartphones, but instead is opening it to many more of its lineups.
Achuuth Karthickhttps://www.gadgetbridge.com
The youngest member of Team Gadget Bridge, he is knowledgable Intern and loves his laptop and mobile phone. He cannot stay without them. He loves to talk about new consumer gadgets and has a bright mind.
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What is revival? It is when something dead, comes alive. That is in our own personal lives, in the church, in areas and sometimes in an entire country. Satan can also revive areas that have not been open for him. I will not write much about that this time, but I do want to warn against it. I am very eager to revive all the areas that have not been open for the creative power of the Living God.
I have heard about revival since I was a child. It has been talked about, more or less, in different churches at all times, but only a few have experienced revival.
What are the signs of real revival? A real revival is characterized by wishing it, but by a deep longing for more of God. In a church that lacks life, they will often talk a lot about revival, but very little about the ways to get one. One should focus on Jesus, the Father and the Holy Spirit and not on revival. The same is true for healing. Many people concentrate more on the healing than the Healer. When we have the wrong focus, we might miss the real thing.
When we look at the revivals of the past, we see that they always have brought new and fresh revelations of Jesus Christ and the things that belong to the Kingdom. They bring to life a former truth that has not been emphasized for a long time. The Holy Spirit has brought life into a dead area. Some examples of this is a revival of faith, baptism of the Holy Spirit, healings, the gifts of the Spirit, realization of sins and the right teaching. The danger is that one can get so focused on the new thing that one forgets the other truths and one becomes lopsided. The Holy Spirit will revive something that was forgotten, but does not want to wipe out the other truths in the Word.
A revival is recognized by a deep sense of one's sins. People will often cry over their sins and small sins might look big when they are brought into light. The Holy Spirit might show us sins that we have not thought about before. Maybe we have been too busy finding faults with others. The Cross will be painted before our eyes and we really see our need for salvation. Have we taken the Cross for granted? One understands once again that without the Cross, one would be lost. I believe the Holy Spirit draws people out of the gray zone and the dark becomes darker and the light becomes lighter.
I see quite a few churches that had the fire at an earlier stage, but now I only see ashes. We can go to Rev.2:2-4 "I know your works, your labor, your patience, and that you cannot bear those who are evil. And you have tested those who say they are apostles and are not, and have found them liars; And you have persevered and have patience, and have labored for My name's sake and have not become weary. "Nevertheless I have this against you, that you have left your first love". It is Jesus who says this through His disciple John. We might be doing a lot for Jesus, but we can have lost our love. We can continue to read that the lampstand can be removed from them if they do not repent. Repentance is typical for a revival.
Another typical thing is a burning fire. The Bible talks about a consuming fire. A fire burns away the things that are false or in the way for the real thing, but a fire is also giving warmth. Fire is alive. Sometimes I thought that my stove had burnt out, but then I put some old newspapers in and they were blazing in fire. It doesn't take much to make a big fire. Many revivals have started with one person or with just a few. A fire is spreading quite fast, especially in a wind. We compare often the Holy Spirit with the wind. When a small fire is taken hold of by the Holy Spirit, it can spread quickly. The bigger and wider the flame, the more difficult it is to quench. We can think of big forest-fires where huge areas have be destroyed and many have prayed for rain to quench it. Let us keep the fire burning in our own life, in our families and churches.
When there is a revival, one wants to see people saved. It becomes like a passion. When one understands where non-believers are ending after this life on earth, one gets a strong burden for them. One really wants everybody to enter the Kingdom of God before it is too late. Everything else becomes unessential. I believe that most of us would be desperate in saving a person who was drowning or burning. We would try everything we knew in order to help that person. Why are we so passive when spiritual death is concerned? We do not try to rescue our neighbors, colleagues, family and friends. How should we win them for Christ? I have asked myself that question many times. We have to ask the Holy Spirit for a key to every person. If we have the love, the Holy Spirit will give us the wisdom.
In a revival we will se the power of God manifested. When Jesus talked to the people, the words were followed by signs and wonders. We can't just talk about healing, but we have to lay hands on the sick and they shall be healed says the Word. Jesus did that and He is the same yesterday, to-day and for all eternity. He has given His authority to the believers and we can do His deeds by using the name of Jesus. We have no power in ourselves, but there is dynamite in the name of Jesus. When people get healed, get back missing parts of their bodies or get delivered, they get very happy and the name of Jesus is glorified. The devil does everything he can to stop these manifestations since he does not want Jesus to be honored and glorified. Do we do everything we can in order for Jesus to be honored through our hands? Where there is fire and warmth, it is easy to be healed. Where sins are confessed and there is a strong love for Jesus and others, there is not much room for the devil. He can copy everything except for love.
I also believe that there will come another dimension of faith in a revival. This will not be a general faith, but one that will not give up. When one is in the presence of God, it is easy to believe. When one sees people on their knees, confessing their sins, people getting up from their wheelchairs, drug addicts throwing away their needles, tobacco and stuff, it is easy to believe in a God Who says that "Nothing is impossible for Me." One really desires that these things should happen in one's own life. We need to be more like the widow who never gave up. (Luke 18). She was pestering the judge, but she did not give up and she got what she wanted. We have so many promises in the Word of God and we must stop saying: "It does not work. God does not answer me." LIES.
I also believe that we will hear a lot of praise and worship in a revival. We become so thankful and we have no other desires that worshipping Him Who is worth to be praised. This is also like a open door into revival. The Holy Spirit comes where the name of Jesus is praised. I recently heard about a country who had a revolution caused by thousands of people singing. Why shouldn't we get a revival by worshipping the King of kings?
Revival can happen in a person's life, in a church, area or country. Revival will often follow prayers and fasting. Where people have sacrificed time and most of all themselves in order to seek God, He will come with new life. He hears and answers the cries that come from the heart of His people. He has promised us that we will have what our hearts are longing for. Do you want more of Him?
I PRAY THAT YOU AND I SEEK HIM WHO CAN BRING REVIVAL IN OUR LIVES AND TO THE ENDS OF THE EARTH!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!


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John Kopicki, superintendent at Forest City Regional schools in northeastern Pennsylvania, who had been selected by the school board in April, declined the offer, saying the decision was "personal."
The board and the community were caught off guard by Kopicki's decision. He had been one of two finalists, along with Wappingers Superintendent Marco Pochintesta in Dutchess County.
Manko had been planning a move to western New York to be closer to his family. He said he would be leading a district in that area, but declined to identify which one.
The news comes on the heels of a string of bad news for the district, including the resignation of its school board president over insulting remarks about a parent caught on video and a dust-up over racial insensitivity sparked by tweets by students after a basketball game.


The keto diet gets a lot of credit for being a quick way to lose weight, but its unique approach to eating has a number of other health benefits as well. Let's have a look at some of these benefits and what someone following a keto diet may expect to see.
Several studies have concluded that the ketogenic diet is far superior to calorie restriction when it comes to losing weight. In fact, one study split over 100 severely obese people into two separate groups: a low-carb group and a low-fat, calorie-restricted group. After six months, the low-carb group lost substantially more weight than the participants in the low-fat, calorie-restricted group.
This was just one study, and several others have been performed drawing the same conclusion. In short, if you restrict your carb intake, you'll lose weight. However, the fun doesn't stop there, because the increased protein intake of the keto diet is terrific for increasing muscle mass and improving body composition as well. By using a keto calculator to determine your daily protein needs and fulfilling those needs, you'll begin noticing not only less fat but more muscle as well.
It's not uncommon for new keto dieters to experience fatigue, nausea, and headaches during the first few days. This is known as the "keto flu." These symptoms are perfectly normal and signal that your body is transitioning from burning glucose for fuel to burning fat. Despite being short-lived, this transition can leave you feeling weak lethargic for a day or two.
The good news is you'll experience much more energy and endurance once your body makes the transition. You'll be able to run further, workout harder, and do more before hitting the proverbial "wall." You'll feel better, live better, and have the energy you need to perform at your peak when your body begins burning fat for fuel.
Fatty liver is often associated with Type 2 Diabetes, which is serious enough. However, it can also be a sign of fatty liver disease. Doctors utilize blood tests to measure the liver enzyme levels in order to test for this debilitating condition.
Many of them have found the keto diet to be a great way of reducing your risk of fatty liver and improving its overall function. In studies on fatty liver disease, researchers discovered fat loss can drastically improve the condition. In fact, a fat loss of only five percent can reduce inflammation and minimize liver damage.
Inflammation is measured using blood tests to measure the body's white blood cell and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, or hsCRP, counts. The higher these counts, the worse the inflammation is.
In one study, patients experienced a nine percent decrease in white blood cell counts and 39 percent decrease in hsCRP after following a low-carb diet. These results were backed by another two-year study in which patients saw an average decrease in hsCRP of 29 percent. So, to say that keto lowers inflammation markers would be an understatement.
You'll sleep sounder while on a keto diet. In fact, most people following a ketogenic diet report being able to sleep much more deeply. Of course, this is after the first few days after starting a keto diet, during which time you may have difficulty falling and staying asleep.
Once this initial period is over, your body will adjust to burning stored fat instead of glucose, and you'll find yourself sleeping deeper and longer. As a result, you'll feel rested, relaxed, and ready to tackle the day when you wake.
In a 2007 12-month study, researchers looked at the impact of four different diets on the blood pressure and cardiovascular fitness of women. At the conclusion of the study, all of the participants experienced a reduction in triglycerides and LDL cholesterol. However, the participants who followed a low-carb diet enjoyed the best results.
These low-carb participants were able to decrease their diastolic blood pressure by 2.93 percent and their systolic blood pressure by 7.6 percent. The numbers may seem low, but each point may have extended their life by years.
These results were later confirmed in another study in which researchers looked at the effects of a low-carb diet and the effects of a low-fat diet combined with blood pressure and weight-loss medication. According to researchers, the low-carb diet was noticeably more effective at lowering the participants' blood pressure.
Nonetheless, you shouldn't trade in your blood pressure medication for some of our delicious keto recipes (at least not yet). While a low-carb diet is more effective at lowering blood pressure and cholesterol than a low-fat diet, or even a low-fat diet and blood pressure medication, you should consult your doctor before tossing out your blood pressure medication.
As you can see, there are some incredible health benefits associated with a keto diet. However, we haven't even mentioned them all. If you want to lose great, feel great, and extend and live a long, healthy life, keto is definitely the way to go!


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"Having three World War II-era aircraft in Wichita at the same time is a special treat for warbird and aviation enthusiasts," Josh Wells, Doc's Friends executive director and general manager, said by email.
"Partnering with another group whose mission matches our mission of honoring the Greatest Generation, while educating future generations, is core to the overall objective of keeping warbirds like Doc and Betsy's Biscuit Bomber airworthy and flying for generations to come. It will be a unique and one-of-a-kind event that will provide up-close access to three of the most unique World War II aircraft still flying today."
Call 316-260-4312 or email experience@b29doc.com with questions about the two-day event.
"Betsy's Biscuit Bomber," based in California, is among WWII Skytrains that are still airworthy. C-47 Skytrains flew in every major WWII battle and filled several roles including hauling cargo, dropping paratroopers and transporting military troops.
"Betsy" spent several days at Stearman Airfield in Benton last month before flying to Europe for D-Day events.
"Doc" is one of 1,644 Boeing B-29 Superfortresses manufactured in Wichita during WWII and one of just two that can still fly. After it was discovered rotting in the Mojave Desert by Tony Mazzolini in 1987, volunteers spent about 450,000 hours over 16 years to restore it.
The plane's 32,000-square-foot, $6.5 million interactive facility and permanent home opened for regular hours in March.
(Nov. 13, 2018) The B-29 "Doc," originally built in Wichita in 1944, and restored to its former glory over a 16-year span starting in 2000, was parked in a new hangar built exclusively for it, for the first time on Tuesday.
World War II plane lands in Benton on its way to commemorate 75th anniversary of D-Day
Β-29 Doc flies over Wichita
A permanent Wichita home becomes reality for B-29 'Doc'
Want to ride on restored B-29 'Doc'? Tickets for 2019's first flights on sale now
A Douglas C-47 named "Betsy's Biscuit Bomber" will be available for tours and flights on Thursday afternoon at Stearman Field in Benton. Hector Camacho Courtesy photo
T.J. Norman, project manager for the B-29 Bomber 'Doc," pumps his fist in the air after crews successfully started the airplane's four engines in September 2015. Bo Rader File photo
The B-29 bomber "Doc" sits on the ramp at Air Capital Flight Line. (Sept 18, 2015) Bo Rader File photo
Amy Renee Leiker
Amy Renee Leiker has been reporting for The Wichita Eagle since 2010. She covers crime, courts and breaking news and updates the newspaper's online databases. You can reach her at 316-268-6644. She's an avid reader and mom of three in her non-work time.
Boeing executives apologize for 737 Max crashes
Demolition of terminal at KCI airport
Wichita State researchers aim to prepare Air Capital suppliers for 3D printing future
The National Institute for Aviation Research at Wichita State University will be the third satellite center of America Makes, working on additive manufacturing, or 3D metal printing, in the aerospace industry.
MORE AVIATION
Pilot safely lands in Wichita after small plane's engine goes out during thunderstorm
New Learjet 75 Liberty will be assembled in Wichita, Bombardier announces
'It's a dream come true.' Wichita families move into new Habitat for Humanity homes
The inside story of MCAS software: How Boeing's 737 MAX system gained power and lost safeguards
Pilot doing 'touch and go' landings mistakenly put wheels up before crash at Jabara
Crop duster airplane crashes into windmill tower in western Kansas, troopers say


I'm happy that Registrar Trek author Derek Swallow will join me and I hope to meet some other Registrar Trekkers and guest authors there.
The focus of this session is to introduce the project "Registrar Trek: The Next Generation".
major obstacles are language barriers and finding colleagues for thought exchange.
countries providing 16 different languages.
:ovely, I'm looking forward to seeing/hearing your presentation in Helsinki!
I agree with Janice Klein: Many congratulations. Your work on behalf on international registrars deserves this kind of recognition. Now we just have to get you to Canada for a meeting.
Many congratulations. Your work on behalf on international registrars deserves this kind of recognition. Now we just have to get you to the US for an AAM meeting.


Some people go all out for the holidays, no matter which one it is. We love the green explosion on St. Paddy's Day, we appreciate the gore and originality we see on Halloween, but Christmas offers much more than spectacular lights and U-G-L-Y sweaters.
Don't believe us? From the universe that is social media, we bring Christmas tree hair! Not to be outdone by the ornament beard or unicorn hair, the hairstyle is one part festive, one part adventurous, and two parts reminiscent of some Dr. Seuss characters.
It's not a hat. It's not just a dye job. It is a towering cone of holly, stars, garland, and every other decoration imaginable that stands atop the head. The style blew up on the scene in 2016 as if it was ripped straight from a couture runway.
Prior to that, you could spot a few tutorials on the web, but the trend was not as popular as it is now. Sure, it may look somewhat bizarre or silly, but people are having a ball with it.
As with Christmas trees, most of the labor lies with assembling the "tree" so it can stay upright. No one wants a lopsided tree, do they? This feat is achieved by using several tricks. One can create a cone shape by making one with cardboard, or by purchasing a foam version from the store.
Another way to get the shape down pat is to use an empty water bottle. Wrap the hair around your shape and secure it with hair pins or hair bands. Prefer to skip the mold? Style your tresses into an extra tall ponytail or bun and make it work with your accessories.
If you wish, use hair spray to help it maintain a sturdy hold. Decorate and make it funky until your heart's content. You could also take a trip to the salon and get it professionally done like this style on the right from Teased.
Those who dare to get into the spirit with this funny trend are sharing all sorts of pictures on Instagram. You'll find hair that has been spray painted green, doused with glitter, and topped with a star. Others made it special by adding battery operated Christmas lights or UV black light accents to their hair. Partying in a dark room will never be the same.
Dangling balls, pom-poms, and red satin ribbons adorn these whimsical 'dos that we're seeing on guys and little kids too. Not all the fun is to be had by spirited moms and artistic gals. People are going to parties, school, and work with their hair trees in full force.
There are a few warnings to be mindful of in case you want to try this style out. If you have cats, rethink it. Consider your car ceiling's height if you will be riding around in public like this because either your hair or neck could get hurt. Do not forget to dismantle this at bedtime, even if you come home a little tipsy.
Do you think these holiday hairstyles are cute? Will you be doing this for an event this year? Which of these photos are your favorite?


Hunter, J. P.; Marshall, R. N., & McNair, P. J. (2005). Relationships between ground reaction force impulse and kinematics of sprint-running acceleration. Journal of Applied BiomechanicsCompagnia Italiana Pantalones Italiana Mujer Mujer Compagnia Pantalones Compagnia 47x58w1x, 21(1), 31-43.
Stefanyshyn, D., & Fusco, C. (2004). Increased shoe bending stiffness increases sprint performance. Sports Biomechanics, 3Pullover Mujer Mujer Missoni Missoni Missoni Pullover Pullover Mujer Missoni qB1wgx0R(1), 55-66.
Theophilos, P.; Nikolaos, M.; Kiriakos, A.; Athanasia, S.; Michail, P., & Spiros, K. (2014). Evaluation of sprinting performance in adolescent athletes with running shoes, spikes and barefoot. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 14Mujer Stefanel Americana Americana Stefanel PvqxYw6(4), 593-598.
Worobets, J., & Wannop, J. W. (2015). Influence of basketball shoe mass, outsole traction, and forefoot bending stiffness on three athletic movements. Sports BiomechanicsRalph Lauren Rebecas Rebecas Mujer Mujer Ralph Lauren Ralph Lauren Rebecas Mujer E0wwRfq8x, 14(3), 351-360.


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April 5, 2021 April 5, 2021 Eli Boettger Words
Gonzaga vs. Baylor: Coaching staffs for the NCAA Tournament championship
Meet the Baylor and Gonzaga coaching staffs ahead of Monday's national championship.
While we prepare for Monday night's national championship game between Baylor and Gonzaga, let's take a look at the respective coaching staffs who have engineered the Final Four runs.
Gonzaga's Mark Few and Baylor's Scott Drew have helped turn around programs over the past two decades with plenty of help along the way. Below we identify the head coaches and assistant coaches that made these special seasons possible.
—Statistical comps for Gonzaga and Baylor
—Biggest keys for Gonzaga vs. Baylor
Check out Final Four shirts from our friends at BreakingT!
Mark Few, head coach: A native of Creswell, Oregon, Few joined Dan Fitzgerald's Gonzaga staff in 1989 as a grad assistant. Few had coaching experience even before earning his degree, serving as an unpaid assistant at Creswell High School. Following his grad assistant year, Few was promoted to full-time assistant under Dan Monson for seven years. When Monson left for Minnesota in the middle of the 1999 offseason, Few was promoted to head coach. Gonzaga hasn't missed the NCAA Tournament since and Few owns the highest career winning percentage in college basketball history.
Tommy Lloyd, assistant coach: Lloyd was born in Kelso, Wash., and began his playing career at Walla Walla Community College in Walla Walla, Wash. He graduated from Walla Walla and then transferred to Colorado State University-Pueblo where he played for a year before returning to Walla Walla for his senior year at Whitman College. Monson and Lloyd had already connected about the possibility of Lloyd joining the Gonzaga coaching staff while Lloyd was in junior college. Few honored Monson's word in 2000 by adding him to the staff and promoting him to full-time assistant the following year. Lloyd is expected to succeed Few as Gonzaga's next head coach whenever Few chooses to depart.
Roger Powell Jr., assistant coach: A former Illinois star forward and native of Juliet, Ill., Powell played seven years professionally before joining the coaching ranks. Powell started each of Illinois' 39 games during its 2005 Final Four season, averaging 12 points and 5.7 rebounds per game alongside Luther Head, Dee Brown and Deron Williams. Powell accepted an assistant position on Bryce Drew's staff at Valparaiso before following Drew to Vanderbilt in 2016 as an associate head coach. He joined the Gonzaga staff in 2019 after Drew was let go from his position with the Commodores.
Brian Michaelson, assistant coach: Michaelson, like Powell, is also in his 30s making a significant impact during Gonzaga's title run. A 2005 Gonzaga alum by the way of Portland, Oregon, Michaelson accepted an administrative role with the Bulldogs in 2008. He was promoted to assistant director of basketball operations in 2011 and then again to assistant coach in 2013.
Scott Drew, head coach: Son of former Valparaiso head coach Homer Drew, Scott started his coaching career in 1991 when he accepted a student manager position while finishing his degree at Butler. After graduating, Drew went to Valparaiso to coach under his father for nine years. He became head coach when the elder Drew retired and led Valparaiso to a 20-win season and regular-season title. When Dave Bliss resigned from Baylor in 2003, Drew took over the scandal-riddled Bears and immediately worked on turning the program around. He secured his first NCAA Tournament berth in 2008 and has reached the AP Top 10 in six of the last 11 years.
Jerome Tang, associate head coach: Born in West Indies of Trinidad, Tang's family moved to the Houston area when he was nine years old. Tang accepted the head-coaching position at Heritage Christian Academy in Cleveland, Texas, turning the program into a national powerhouse during his 10 seasons. Drew welcomed Tang to the Baylor staff in 2003 and the two have seamlessly worked together ever since. His efforts in recruiting elite talent and developing players earned Tang a promotion in 2017 to associate head coach.
Alvin Brooks III, assistant coach: Son of new Lamar head coach Alvin Brooks Jr., Brooks III is in his fifth year as a Baylor assistant. The Houston native played at Midland College in Midland, Texas, before transferring to Idaho State from 2000 to 2003. After graduating, Brooks served as an assistant at D-II Arkansas-Fort Smith before returning to Midland College as an assistant in 2006. Brooks accepted his first D-I job as a Bradley assistant in 2007 and also spent three years at Sam Houston State and four years under Bruce Weber at Kansas State before heading to Baylor.
John Jakus, assistant coach: A Chicago native, Jakus is plenty familiar with both teams playing Monday night. Jakus spent three years as Gonzaga's director of basketball operations before taking the Baylor assistant job in 2017. He graduated from Trinity International in Deerfield, Illinois, in 1999. Jakus also served as head coach of Athletes In Action and at the high-school level at Cincinnati Hills Christian Academy in addition to coaching professionally in Macedonia, Bulgaria, Spain and New Zealand.
Header image courtesy of Trevor Brown/NCAA Photos via Getty Images.
Tagged baylor basketball, Gonzaga Basketball, march madness, March Madness 2021
Baylor-Gonzaga: Biggest keys that will determine NCAA Tournament national championship game
Roundtable: Gonzaga vs. Baylor picks, predictions and storylines


LIVE: Kanye West – Black Skinhead/New Slaves | sB!
This entry was posted on May 21, 2013 by Ramsey. It was filed under Concert/LIVE, Music and was tagged with black skinhead, kanye, Kanye West, live, new slaves, performance, saturday night live, snl, west.


State of Minnesota, Respondent, vs. Jeremy Daniel Tibiatowski, Appellant. C2-97-834, Court of Appeals Unpublished, February 24, 1998.
Appellant, Jeremy D. Tibiatowski challenges the district court's order denying his motion to suppress evidence of an inculpatory statement made to a juvenile probation officer, arguing that the statement is inadmissible because the probation officer questioned him about the incident without first giving him a Miranda warning. Under the circumstances because the probation officer was acting as an agent of the state when she conducted the interrogation, we reverse.
We review the district court's Miranda determination de novo. State v. Hince, 540 N.W.2d 820, 823 (Minn. 1995).
"A Miranda warning is required when a police officer conducts a custodial interrogation of a suspect." Id. at 823 (citing Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 444, 86 S. Ct. 1602, 1612 (1966)). The parties do not dispute that Tibiatowski was in custody. Therefore, the only issues on appeal are whether the questioning constituted an interrogation, and whether Wheeler acted as an agent of the state.
"Interrogation" under Miranda refers "'not only to express questioning, but also to any words or actions on the part of the police (other than those normally attendant to arrest and custody) that the policy should know are reasonably likely to elicit an incriminating response from the suspect.'" State v. King, 513 N.W.2d 245, 248 (Minn. 1994) (quoting Rhode Island v. Innis, 446 U.S. 291, 301, 100 S. Ct. 1682, 1689 (1980)).
These courts cite the psychological pressure bearing upon a defendant to answer his probation or parole officer's questions, and conclude that statements made in these situations should be presumed involuntary absent warnings, just as they are in the case of police interrogations.
State v. Willis, 825 P.2d 357, 359 (Wash App. 1992) (summarizing state and federal law regarding custodial interrogation conducted by nonpolice officials).
We have considerable doubt as to the propriety of even calling the parole officer as a witness for such a purpose. But, pretermitting that, we have no doubt that the testimony was inadmissible unless the officer gave prior Miranda warnings. A parolee is under heavy psychological pressure to analyze inquiries made by his parole officer perhaps even greater than when the interrogation is by an enforcement officer.
United States v. Deaton, 468 F.2d 541, 544 (5th Cir. 1972). Similarly, the Ninth Circuit has held that "custodial statements made to probation officers are subject to the same voluntariness analysis as statements made to other law enforcement officers." United States v. Andaverde, 64 F.3d 1305, 1311 (9th Cir. 1995).
The state courts have applied Miranda to questioning initiated by probation officers. See, e.g., State v. Roberts, 513 N.E.2d 720, 725 (1987) (refusing to admit statements made to probation officer when Miranda warnings not given); Willis, 825 P.2d at 360 (applying Miranda to statements made to community corrections officer); State v. Helewa, 537 A.2d 1328, 1331-32 (N.J. Super. A.D. 1988) (applying Miranda to custodial interview conducted by Department of Youth and Family Services (DYFS) caseworker because of close working relationship between DYFS and the prosecutor's office).
Tibiatowski argues that the district court erred when it determined that Miranda warnings were not necessary because Connie Wheeler, a Division of Juvenile Services' case manager, was not a law enforcement officer, and the evidence was insufficient to demonstrate that Wheeler was an agent of the police and that she had acted in response to their direction. We conclude that that the district court's Miranda determination was in error because the evidence demonstrates that the questioning constituted an interrogation and that Wheeler acted as an agent of the police.
Because Wheeler was employed as a juvenile probation officer in North Dakota she had legal custody of the children she worked with. A few hours prior to talking with Tibiatowski, Wheeler's secretary left a message for her from Detective Norwig in Moorhead, stating that Minnesota wanted "a hold on Jeremy." Wheeler "assumed he must have been involved in something while he was on the run."
Following the message from Detective Norwig, Wheeler went to the Cass County Juvenile Detention center to find out, among other things, what he had done while on the run. There is no question that Wheeler's statements amounted to interrogation under the Innis standard. Wheeler observed that Tibiatowski "seemed bothered" and "more quiet" than usual and "asked him if there was anything he wanted to tell [her]." In response, Tibiatowski blurted out; "I committed a crime. I committed a robbery." Subsequent to interrogating Tibiatowski, Wheeler told Detective Norwig what Tibiatowski had said.
The record shows the police initiated contact with Wheeler prior to her visit, that she suspected Tibiatowski had engaged in criminal activity, that she asked him a question that was reasonably likely to elicit an incriminating statement, and that she subsequently went to the police and told them what he had said. Under the circumstances Wheeler engaged in custodial interrogation as an agent of the police. Therefore, Miranda warnings should have been given prior to such interrogation. Because no such warning was given, Tibiatowski's subsequent inculpatory statements should not have been admitted.


This history, and the set of stories that tell it, has been in my mind most of my life. It started when I was 14 years old and already quite the science fiction fan. I wrote a story that was more or less a blend between Edgar Rice Burroughs' swashbuckling Mars adventures and Isaac Asimov's Galactic Empire novels.
I still have that old manuscript. It is really not good. But it was the start of something I never left behind. Developing its universe became a hobby in its own right, apart from any stories I might tell about it (though I always intended to write the stories someday). I used to call it "The History of the Galaxy" but it was really the story of how human beings from Earth inherited the Galaxy. Though I have notebooks on what came before, and others on the history that came afterward, the real core of it lies between the founding of Earth's offworld population and their eventual expansion out of the Solar System.
By now, the mass of notebooks (and more recently, files on my computer) I've written would probably fill an encyclopedia. Below is just a general outline.
Terrans' first steps off their home planet took place in the twentieth century, but a true offworld population did not begin until the late twenty-first and early twenty-second. The major part of Earth's industrial base moved offworld in this period, responding to a convergence of three different factors: advancing technology had made it economical to exploit the engineering advantages of zero-G, declining mineral resources on Earth made offworld mining attractive, and a renewed public interest in environmental protection produced a push for polluting industries to relocate offworld.
As the industries moved offworld, populations to staff them followed, in hundreds of small "company town" space stations. Early on these stations were manned by crews on rotations from Earth, but over time a permanent population established itself. As a generation born in space grew up, a move began to consolidate the offworld population into safer and more stable lifesystems. A series of political scandals gave strength to the movement, establishing the need to normalize legal and political jurisdictions for the offworld population.
Through the middle of the twenty-second century, the Terran government undertook a massive offworld construction project, building giant Colonies to house the majority of the offworld population. Each Colony was sponsored by one of the Earth's continental directorates and, when completed, was given the status of a state within those continents. The largest mining colony, Copernicus on the Lunar surface, was also granted statehood.
The offworld population largely consolidated into the new Colonies, while those smaller stations that retained permanent populations became (legally) cities within the offworld states.
Designed to provide stable and self-sustaining lifesystems, the Colonies did so almost from the beginning. In the shape of cylinders rotating to provide gravity, reflected sunlight lit their interiors and provided electrical power through solar panels. Algae tanks recycled the atmosphere with the help of extensive hydroponic farms which also provided food, and even parklands for recreation. Imports of supplies from Earth were minimal.
Most of the population lived in apartments "below" the inner decks, while the interiors were devoted to the farms and parks. Above-deck housing districts, such as Star City's Midway shown at right, were highly expensive.
When completed, the project had constructed 23 Colonies for a total (with the inclusion of Copernicus) of twenty-four offworld states. But by the time of completion, events were already in motion that would change human history forever.
2170-2190 The Sun becomes irregular, with apparently random fluctuations gradually building in intensity. This wreaks havoc on Earth's ecosystems, leading to disastrous weather patterns, crop failures and famines. The Colonies, with their artificial lifesystems, are relatively unaffected. Seeing the comparative prosperity of the Colonies, an undercurrent of resentment builds among the planetside population.
2182 In the elections of this year, a formerly fringe party called "Born to the Earth" gains political traction by blaming the Colonies for the famines on Earth. They argue that Earth's ecosystems would have absorbed the effect of the Sun's fluctuations if not for the loss of resources to support the Colonies. Scientists argue there is no merit to the claim, but suffering populations seize on the scapegoat and "Born to the Earth" elects Alexander Monroe as Terran president, also capturing a sizable number of seats in the Terran parliament.
January 2183 Monroe sworn in as Terran president. His first official act is to order all offworld settlements abandoned, and the offworld population to return to Earth.
2183 Charles Safreth, newly elected governor of Star City, commissions a study by Colony engineers to decide if the Colony can sustain its lifesystems without any supplies from Earth. This was the long-term plan when the Colonies were first built but it was expected to take time for their biological recycling to grow into it. When the report is favorable, Safreth calls a public referendum on rejecting the evacuation order and, instead, giving up support from Earth. The proposal passes with an overwhelming majority. The other Colonies follow with similar votes.
Aug 3, 2183 President Monroe rejects the Colonial votes and sets a deadline for evacuation of January 1. Over the remainder of the year, those Colonists who choose to do so leave the Colonies for Earth. Few make this choice. The Colonies implement their plans for continuing without Earth support.
Jan 1, 2184 The deadline set by the presidential order arrives without specific action by the Colonies. The Terran government cuts off supply shipments, but the Colonies' plans to do without them are in place.
May 3, 2184 Monroe orders Terran military forces in the Colonies to force the evacuation. Divided loyalties: most offworld military are, like the rest of the population, offworld natives. A day of confused disturbances ends with most military units placing themselves under the orders of their Colony governments.
May 16, 2184 The Star City legislature votes to declare independence from Earth. Over the next two weeks, all 23 other offworld "states" do the same.
By popular referendum, the Colonies vote to unify, forming the United Offworld Colonies.
August 2184 Catching the Colonies by surprise, a Terran fleet under the command of Admiral Richard Gali attacks and occupies several industrial platforms in low Earth orbit. The Colonies had not expected the Terran government to attempt military force. The provisional UOC congress hastily establishes the Colonial Navy (at first nothing more than a makeshift fleet of police cruisers and commandeered commercial ships) and appoints Warren Armstrong as its commander-in-chief.
2184-2189 The Independence War. Colonial forces successfully blockade any more ships launching from Earth, cutting off Gali's fleet from any reinforcement. However the Terrans, aided by a series of diversionary attacks from Earth, succeed in launching from their captured platforms and eventually manage to attack and occupy the three Colonies in Lunar orbit: Churchill, Orion and Promise. They establish a blockade of the Moon, cutting the Colonies off from mineral resources they need to continue without supplies from Earth.
Gali's plan is to force the Colonies to surrender by stopping their self-sufficiency plans. Over the next several years continual skirmishes try to break the blockades around the Earth and Moon but for all intents and purposes the stalemate continues. Meanwhile, the Colonies replace lost Lunar resources with mining of Earth-grazer asteroids and send the first expeditions to explore mining in the Asteroid Belt beyond Mars.
Feb 22, 2189 The last major battle of the Independence War as a Colonial fleet under the command of Admiral Armstrong attempts to retake the occupied Colonies in Lunar orbit. The result is inconclusive. No one can say how long the war would have continued in stalemate, if outside events had not intervened.
Feb 2, 2190 Solar observatories detect catastrophic changes in the Sun. Over a time of no more than a few seconds, all detectable emissions cease except for blackbody (thermal) radiation. As far as any instrument can detect, all fusion reactions within the Sun have abruptly ceased, and it still shines only because it is still hot— for the moment.
At first it's hoped this is just another fluctuation, more severe than any before but still only a transient event. As time passes, however, solar activity does not resume. The Sun's behavior is far outside any known theory of astrophysics, making it impossible to predict what might come next except that if nothing changes, over the coming months the Sun will begin to cool and darken.
2190-2191 Preparations for disaster. Losing all reason, the Terran government issues shrill calls for Gali to "punish" the Colonies for a disaster it insists is their doing. By this time the Earth has fallen into near-total anarchy. The "Born to the Earth" party never had any governing agenda except opposition to the Colonies. By now Earth is in chaos and, in response to this new emergency, the government collapses into complete disarray.
Rather than obey orders, Richard Gali on his own authority negotiates a cease-fire with the Colonies. He takes his fleet and returns to Earth and once there uses his military forces to carry out a coup against the Terran government. Seizing power, he imposes martial law to restore some degree of order on Earth. He pledges cooperation with the UOC and over the next year, Earth and the Colonies trade expertise: Terran engineers help the Colonies construct fusion reactors to replace the solar energy they previously depended on, while Colonial engineers help Earth design and build artificial lifesystems to sustain as many people as possible, while Earth begins a year-long descent into a final winter.
seconds after the event began.
The Catastrophe. As the Sun's interior cools, thermal pressure can no longer hold back the force of gravity on its outer layers. There is a sudden collapse, producing pressures that in turn trigger an explosion. The mechanism is similar to a nova, although the explosion is far smaller. In astronomical terms the event is trivial. On the human scale it is devastating.
Observers see the Sun's disk go black and visibly shrink, leaving a cloud described as red flame around it. A moment later it's obscured by a brilliant flash and then an expanding red globe.
A wave of hard radiation heads outward from the Sun, with a shock wave of gas and plasma behind it. By chance, 8 of the orbital Colonies are protected by the shadow of either Earth or Moon when the wave hits, and Copernicus is in Lunar night. The rest are struck first by the radiation blast, which is strong enough to penetrate all their shielding. Surviving populations will suffer short-term radiation burns, and the long-term effects of radiation for years to come.
The gas/plasma shock wave thins out as it spreads. By the time it reaches the Earth-Moon system it is weak enough to be just barely survivable. Of the 15 exposed Colonies, three are destroyed with no survivors: Aurora, Orion and Promise. The remaining 12 take heavy damage but manage to survive with lifesystems functioning. Their orbits are shifted, and will take several years to reestablish. In the wake of the disaster, the 9 sheltered Colonies immediately send aid and contribute resources from their own lifesystems, though this compromises their own stability.
Since most of the Colonies survive, it's hoped in the early hours after the event that Earth has escaped without serious harm. It's soon clear this is not the case. The shock wave set up some kind of resonance effect in the atmosphere— the details remain debated by researchers— producing a secondary atmospheric shock that circles the planet multiple times, blasting down everything in its path. The emergency shelters constructed over the previous year are mostly destroyed, even on the night side of the planet. Only a few, constructed in underground caverns, survive. Of Earth's population, no more than a few thousand are saved in these underground shelters.
The exact count will never be known, but best estimates are that ten billion people die in the Catastrophe.
2191-2201 The Dark Years. The Sun is left permanently darkened; the Earth now receives about as much light and heat as a moon of Neptune would have in the pre-Catastrophe Solar System. The Earth is uninhabitable. The Colonies struggle to survive without solar energy, using hastily-built and often unreliable fusion generators instead. Populations are consolidated into dormitories to save lighting and heating for the vital algae tanks and hydroponic farms. Lingering effects of radiation poisoning continue to afflict the survivors. For ten years, the human race hangs on the edge of extinction. Birth rates drop to effectively zero.
Apr 13, 2200 Linda Ryder successfully creates the first hyperfield. She published her theory of hyperspace in her doctoral thesis in physics, during the war years. Her work recognized the possibility of an energy-generating technology. All through the Dark Years she and a team of colleagues desperately tried to make that possibility a reality. Finally, they succeed.
Early 2201 Ryder's team creates the first self-sustaining hyperfield, using photoelectric panels to capture some of the energy output and using it to power the generator.
May 23, 2201 Linda Ryder and her team publicly demonstrate their invention for the first time, in Star City's Midway district. Although it will take several more years to implement on a large scale, this date is recognized by historians as the end of the Dark Years. Public enthusiasm is immediate. Hyperfields are exactly what the Colonies need. Though requiring extreme precision in manufacture, they are small and cost little in resources, and they operate without the pressures, radiation and other hazards of fusion generators.
Feb 2202 Nine months after Linda Ryder's first demonstration, a baby boom begins across the Colonies.
2200's The hyperfield revolution. Thousands of hyperfield generators replace the light and heat of the lost Sun, and via photoelectric panels supply the Colonies' electrical grids as well. The technology advances, with new and more efficient generator designs. Theoretical models suggest the possibility of hyperfields that generate electrical potential directly, or kinetic energy to drive spacecraft without needing fuel for reaction thrusters, but experiments in these areas fail to produce immediate results, and cause a series of accidents.
August 2231 The worst such accident of this early hyperfield era occurs on board a Navl base called "The Alley," when a test of a new experimental hyperfield design has unforeseen mental effects on the crew. A chronicle of the incident can be found here.
Three invented languages exist in the History, with varying degrees of development. A fourth fictional language, Terran, is represented by English in all my notebooks and stories and hasn't had any work done on its "real" structures.
Sharuai is the most developed language in the History. There is little I can say about the people who speak it. They move behind the scenes of history, engaged in a struggle of which Terran historians know nothing, but on which all of History depends.
Daresanna misharen seshel ta'lyeven hadhen ra'Sharu. A Sharu semennel a'Mi'vri no syshar nosharva nan ngauryn ra'Eiralynn imana ra'lyvri. Eta daryn sydar a'ri venryn ra'Sharu, nan lyfennyn alnares a fennyn sy'esel maten yqua sylanel. Sy nan misharen alna a wishres thana thelen ra'sy y sythel a syfehel a'Eiralynn, nan lythai y malen meros a se'esel arangen a'lyndaren lynnes. A venryn ra'Sharu sy'ngemel a'viren eithana. Tu syvithel lyn misharen ra'sy no sydesel thos mir ra'thai. A tu Sharu lyfennyn ra'lyeven u senamel.
I'm not going to translate that, even the first page would give away secrets that must remain hidden... for now.
A language spoken by an ancient, vanished civilization that will come into play in future books in my planned series. Only a small vocabulary exists, and a basic syntax to make simple phrases.
Another language of a civilization distant from that of the United Colonies, Zoranthian has more development than Makentryn but is still only partially worked out.
Terran emerged as the common language of the UOC in the centuries following the Catastrophe, although its roots go back to the early "company town" days of offworld settlement. Offworld workers were drawn from every one of Earth's continents, and although then-modern English was the official language for space station operations (it had already been established as the international language for air traffic— and later space traffic— communications), the workers soon developed a common slang among themselves that drew words from all their various languages. This developed into the creole language that later became Terran.
When the Colonies were built, each used the language of its sponsor continent as its official language, but most offworlders knew Terran as well as whatever Earth language their Colony spoke. After the Catastrophe, with ties to the home planet gone, Terran gradually replaced the remaining Earth languages of the Colonies, while continuing to develop its own character.
Going back to its origin, Terran's primary source was English and around the time of the Independence War, an English speaker from present-day Earth (2013) would find it intelligible, though with a confusing number of borrowed words and a strange accent. A few centuries further on, it had developed into an entirely different language and would not be comprehensible to a present-day speaker of any Earth language.
Regardless of the era, Terran is represented by today's English in all my stories, and I haven't done any work on what it might "really" sound like.