text:
Britney Spears: 'Circus'
It's marred by filler, but this album's best moments bring Britney close to a fairly audacious comeback.
By Nick Levine
Circus is being touted as a sequel to last year's Blackout, the freaky, fantastic "robopop" album that became the unexpected highlight of Britney Spears's recording career. The main difference? This time Spears is in control, a message that's spelled out when she declares "I'm like the ringleader, I call the shots" on the second track. There's a lot less vocal trickery here too - presumably because the resurgent star doesn't need it - and at one point Spears is even introduced as the "Queen of Pop", a title which might preclude future offers of collaboration from a certain M. Ciccone.
However, this isn't to say that the intriguing weirdness of Blackout has entirely been erased. As befits an album whose back cover shows a child dressed as a clown handing Spears a birthday cake, Circus features several songs you just wouldn't expect from an 80-million selling pop superstar. 'Blur', which is best described as a "hangover ballad", sees Spears wake up, moan that the lights are "way too f***ing bright" and then realise she doesn't know what - or who - she did last night. Then there's 'If You Seek Amy', which not only conjures up images of Spears stalking Amy Winehouse, but also gets her to chant the line: "All the boys and all the girls are begging to if you seek Amy". If you don't get it, you're not saying it fast enough.
Both, however, are trumped by the utterly bizarre 'Mmm Papi', which seems to reference the star's now extinguished relationship with paparazzo Adnan Ghalib. One of three tracks on Circus co-written by Spears, it finds her fantasising about being whisked away from the throng surrounding her by a man in a fast car whom she refers to as either "mmm papi" or "mmm papa". "I'm mami and that makes you papi... and that makes us lovey," she coos over the outro. Britney Spears, in case you were wondering, turned 27 the day after Circus was released.
Sadly, the other notable difference between Circus and Blackout is that there's more filler here. No fewer than nine different producers or production teams worked on this album - including Max Martin, Blackout stalwart Nate 'Danja' Hills and Swedish pop whizzes Bloodshy & Avant - and it's hard to see how they couldn't come up with something better than the virtually melody-free 'Mannequin' or the tepid electrofunk of 'Lace and Leather'. Then there are the ballads, something which Blackout shrewdly avoided. The teary-eyed 'Out From Under' is actually a pretty decent song, but it doesn't fit on this album, while 'My Baby' is almost unbearably icky.
Thankfully, Circus is saved by a handful of songs that almost match the brilliance of Blackout's 'Piece Of Me'. The bolshy rave/glam hybrid of 'If U Seek Amy', the brilliantly bombastic title track, the stadium pop romp of 'Amnesia', the drill-like 'Womanizer' and the startling 'Kill The Lights' are among the best moments you'll hear on a pop album this year. These tracks alone are enough to bring Britney Spears - a woman who seemed bleary, bloated and almost beyond help barely six months ago - tantalisingly close to a fairly audacious comeback.
Anna and the Apocalypse is must-see Christmas film
Wreck-It Ralph 2 review: Hilarious & heartwarming
Girl in the Spider's Web: Lisbeth's a superhero
Does Fantastic Beasts 2 recapture Potter magic?
Bohemian Rhapsody review: Not (quite) a kind of magic
Does the new Halloween movie live up to the hype?
First Man review: Does Ryan Gosling achieve liftoff?
Bad Times At the El Royale: A messy but stylish noir
Life Is Strange 2 episode 1 review: Road trip
Venom review: Does Tom Hardy's superhero measure up?
Album-Reviews Reviews
Spears kids ready for 'The Circus'
Britney plans 'Circus' world tour
Britney plans circus-themed birthday
Britney Spears conservatorship extended


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Q: How to avoid S3 bucket policy conflict I am currently having two (maybe conflicting) S3 bucket policies, which show a permanent difference on Terraform. Before I show parts of the code, I will try to give an overview of the structure.
I am currently using a module, which:

*

*Takes IAM Role & an S3 Bucket as inputs

*Attaches S3 Bucket policy to the inputted role

*Attaches S3 Bucket (allowing VPC) policy to the inputted S3 bucket
I have created some code (snippet and not full code) to illustrate how this looks like for the module.
The policies look like:
# S3 Policy to be attached to the ROLE
data "aws_iam_policy_document" "foo_iam_s3_policy" {
  statement {
    effect    = "Allow"
    resources = ["${data. s3_bucket.s3_bucket.arn}/*"]
    actions   = ["s3:GetObject", "s3:GetObjectVersion"]
  }
  statement {
    effect    = "Allow"
    resources = [data.s3_bucket.s3_bucket.arn]
    actions   = ["s3:*"]
  }
}

# VPC Policy to be attached to the BUCKET
data "aws_iam_policy_document" "foo_vpc_policy" {
  statement {
    sid       = "VPCAllow"
    effect    = "Allow"
    resources = [data.s3_bucket.s3_bucket.arn, "${data.s3_bucket.s3_bucket.arn}/*"]
    actions   = ["s3:GetObject", "s3:GetObjectVersion"]
    condition {
      test     = "StringEquals"
      variable = "aws:SourceVpc"
      values   = [var.foo_vpc]
    }
    principals {
      type        = "*"
      identifiers = ["*"]
    }
  }
}

The policy attachments look like:
# Turn policy into a resource to be able to use ARN
resource "aws_iam_policy" "foo_iam_policy_s3" {
  name        = "foo-s3-${var.s3_bucket_name}"
  description = "IAM policy for foo on s3"
  policy      = data.aws_iam_policy_document.foo_iam_s3_policy.json
}

# Attaches s3 bucket policy to IAM Role
resource "aws_iam_role_policy_attachment" "foo_attach_s3_policy" {
  role       = data.aws_iam_role.foo_role.name
  policy_arn = aws_iam_policy.foo_iam_policy_s3.arn
}

# Attach foo vpc policy to bucket
resource "s3_bucket_policy" "foo_vpc_policy" {
  bucket = data.s3_bucket.s3_bucket.id
  policy = data.aws_iam_policy_document.foo_vpc_policy.json
}

Now let's step outside of the module, where the S3 bucket (the one I mentioned that will be inputted into the module) is created, and where another policy needs to be attached to it (the S3 bucket). So outside of the module, we:

*

*Provide an S3 bucket to the aforementioned module as input (alongside the IAM Role)

*Create a policy to allow some IAM Role to put objects in the aforementioned bucket

*Attach the created policy to the bucket

The policy looks like:
# Create policy to allow bar to put objects in the bucket
    data "aws_iam_policy_document" "bucket_policy_bar" {
      statement {
        sid       = "Bar IAM access"
        effect    = "Allow"
        resources = [module.s3_bucket.bucket_arn, "${module. s3_bucket.bucket_arn}/*"]
        actions   = ["s3:PutObject", "s3:GetObject", "s3:ListBucket"]
        principals {
          type        = "AWS"
          identifiers = [var.bar_iam]
        }
      }
    }

And its attachment looks like:
    # Attach Bar bucket policy
    resource "s3_bucket_policy" "attach_s3_bucket_bar_policy" {
      bucket = module.s3_bucket.bucket_name
      policy = data.aws_iam_policy_document.bucket_policy_bar.json
    }

(For more context: Basically foo is a database that needs VPC and s3 attachment to role to operate on the bucket and bar is an external service that needs to write data to the bucket)
What is going wrong
When I try to plan/apply, Terraform shows that there is always change, and shows an overwrite between the S3 bucket policy of bar (bucket_policy_bar) and the VPC policy attached inside the module (foo_vpc_policy).
In fact the error I am getting kind of sounds like what is described here:

The usage of this resource conflicts with the
aws_iam_policy_attachment resource and will permanently show a
difference if both are defined.

But I am attaching policies to S3 and not to a role, so I am not sure if this warning applies to my case.
Why are my policies conflicting? And how can I avoid this conflict?
EDIT:
For clarification, I have a single S3 bucket, to which I need to attach two policies. One that allows VPC access (foo_vpc_policy, which gets created inside the module) and another one (bucket_policy_bar) that allows IAM role to put objects in the bucket

A:
there is always change

That is correct. aws_s3_bucket_policy sets new policy on the bucket. It does not add new statements to it.
Since you are invoking aws_s3_bucket_policy twice for same bucket, first time in module.s3_bucket module, then second time in parent module (I guess), the parent module will simply attempt to set new policy on the bucket. When you perform terraform apply/plan again, the terraform will detect that the policy defined in module.s3_bucket is different, and will try to update it. So you end up basically with a circle, where each apply will change the bucket policy to new one.
I'm not aware of a terraform resource which would allow you to update (i.e. add new statements) to an existing bucket policy. Thus I would try to re-factor your design so that you execute aws_s3_bucket_policy only once with all the statements that you require.

A: Thanks to the tip from Marcin I was able to resolve the issue by making the attachment of the policy inside the module optional like:
# Attach foo vpc policy to bucket
resource "s3_bucket_policy" "foo_vpc_policy" {
  count  = var.attach_vpc_policy ? 1 : 0 # Only attach VPC Policy if required
  bucket = data.s3_bucket.s3_bucket.id
  policy = data.aws_iam_policy_document.foo_vpc_policy.json
}

The policy in all cases has been added as output of the module like:
# Outputting only the statement, as it will later be merged with other policies
output "foo_vpc_policy_json" {
  description = "VPC Allow policy json (to be later merged with other policies that relate to the bucket outside of the module)"
  value       = data.aws_iam_policy_document.foo_vpc_policy.json
}

For the cases when it was needed to defer the attachment of the policy (wait to attach it together with another policy), I in-lined the poliicy via source_json)
data "aws_iam_policy_document" "bucket_policy_bar" {
  # Adding the VPC Policy JSON as a base for this Policy (docs: https://registry.terraform.io/providers/hashicorp/aws/latest/docs/data-sources/iam_policy_document)
  source_json = module.foor_.foo_vpc_policy_json # here we add the statement that has
  statement {
    sid       = "Bar IAM access"
    effect    = "Allow"
    resources = [module.s3_bucket_data.bucket_arn, "${module.s3_bucket_data.bucket_arn}/*"]
    actions   = ["s3:PutObject", "s3:GetObject", "s3:ListBucket"]
    principals {
      type        = "AWS"
      identifiers = [var.bar_iam]
    }
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Over the years we have at the Electrical Engineering department developed an assessment system that guarantees that tests and judgements of the tests give a reliable indication of the learning achievements of students. Students have a clear picture of the requirements of the tests and the Board of Examiners is able to guarantee the quality and consistency of the exams.
After briefly introducing our overall vision on assessment and the course file ('vakdossier'), we will describe how the assessment policy of our EE study is shaped by the various stages of the so-called Deming cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act).
Central to our vision is that a test in first instance is an assessment tool for the study of EE, meant to assess the knowledge, insight and skills of a student. This means that summative tests play an important role. Since a test is also an effective means to influence student behaviour, also formative tests play a part in our testing. Especially in the recently introduced educational innovation called the Twente Education Model (TOM) we have increased the role of formative tests. Marking is by summative marks (typically 1-10), performance marks (e.g. for labs; typically 6-10), and diagnostic marks (1-10). It is possible that a final grade for an educational unit can be composed of a summative mark and a performance mark, whereby the summative figure should be equal to or above a 6. The idea is hereby that a summative mark can be improved by a performance mark, but that an insufficient summative mark cannot be compensated by a performance mark.
The main instrument for quality assurance is the course file, which is maintained by the lecturer on each course or the module coordinator on each module. This file contains information that is accessible also for students (learning objectives, course description, organization of teaching and assessment) as well as information that is not accessible for students, in particular a logbook on activities in the course file, test scheme, test assignments and peer review thereof, answer models and marking rules, all evaluation results, and the reflection of the lecturer on test results and evaluation results. The program director has access to all course files, monitors the activities, and reports his findings to the Board of Examiners, which, if necessary, takes action.
For each module in the bachelor's curriculum the lecturer(s) prepare a test scheme, in which the learning objectives, the weighing factors and the assessment are described. Each lecturer is expected to submit the test as well as its answer model to a fellow lecturer with knowledge on the subject, who inspects the test on content, transparency and validity. The final versions of the test schemes are established on the authority of the Board of Examiners. The test scheme forms the basis for the development of the annual testing and has to be re-entered if circumstances thus redesign of a module require (e.g. at redesign of a module).
Osiris (the student information system) and Blackboard (the electronic learning environment) provide information to the students about the learning objectives for the module/course, the test methods used, the test evaluation and the manner in which the final grade is established. It is expected that the lecturers provide representative trial tests and practice assignments, including marking rules, to the students. The written test provides test instructions in which at least the available time and the number of points per assignment are mentioned. Assessment of written tests is made on the basis of a test scheme and answer model. When other types of assessment are used, a scoring model is established on the basis of evaluation criteria derived from the learning objectives for the course. In this case it is clearly documented how the mark is arrived at. The establishment of the final mark is also described in the test scheme. In the education a number of subjects exists where students work in groups on assignments. The assessment in these subjects may be composed from various components such as a presentation, oral examination, a final report and the course of the process. For these subjects a manual is available listing the assessment criteria of the various components and indicating for which components the student will get an individual or a group assessment. In principle the students are assessed individually. In components where a group assessment takes place, the supervisor monitors whether each individual student has made a full contribution to the process. If this is not the case, then the student will receive an individual mark on the basis of an oral examination. Examiner-supervised peer review amongst group members is also used to arrive at individual marks. Finally, rules for the various types of tests can be found in the R&R (Rules and Regulations) of the Board of Examiners.
The examiner analyzes the test results, thereby considering average and distribution of marks, performance on separate test parts and any other conspicuous details, and considers an adjustment of the assessment. Specific problems for a test, especially if they lead to an adjustment of the assessment by the examiner, are submitted by the examiner to the Board of Examiners. The examiner himself notes points of improvement for the assessment for a subsequent educational year, and takes these up in the course file.
In the Bachelor each module is annually evaluated through a standard questionnaire. In these completion of the course surveys the students also evaluate the quality of testing, considering transparency of requirements, validity/representativeness, clarity of questions and presence of sufficient exercise material.
The student association organizes meetings for the students of every module discussing the quality of education including testing. Feedback is given to the lecturers, the education quality committee, the education committee and the director of education.
A comprehensive evaluation of a module takes place at least once every five years (or more frequently if circumstances require), by the education quality committee every five years ('onderwijskwaliteitscommissie', OKC), which resorts under the Board of Examiners. These evaluations involve multiple meetings of a committee member with the students as well as a course lecturer. The OKC reports to the lecturer(s), who provide a written reaction and, if needed, propose measures for improvement. The results of the (extensive) assessment plus reaction are discussed in the Board of Examiners and the Education Committee (Opleidingscommissie, OLC) and are included in the course file ('vakdossier') (see Section 1.3). If needed, the Board of Examiners meet the responsible lecturer.
Besides the above mentioned, students always have the right of inspection, which implies the right to visit the examiner to discuss the results of the test and to see what the outcome is based on. If the student and the examiner do not reach mutual agreement, the student can deposit his/her concern or complaint at the Board of Examiners, which then rules on the case.
Based on the evaluation results described in the Section 2.2 ('CHECK'), the lecturer determines whether testing needs improvement and if needed, how. The lecturer includes the planned improvements in the course file and in this manner reports them back to the Board of Examiners and the Education Committee (OLC). In case of substantial changes a request is submitted to the Board of Examiners. Educational experts are available when the lecturer wishes to receive advice or support to improve the assessment. Additionally the lecturer is free to approach the program director for advice. Opportunities for formal training or courses in the area of testing and assessment are provided by the Educational Service of the UT.
The assessment of the bachelor projects is in the hands of the Graduation Committee whose composition is described in the 'OER', the Rules of Examinations and Assessment for the BSc UT and in the EE specific version of this document . The Graduation Committee for the assessment uses a list of key criteria, which aims to harmonize the assessment within EE, and serves as a guideline for lecturers and students during the project. The marking is based on scientific quality (35%), organizational skills (35% ) and communication including reporting and presentation (35%). To arrive at the marks the graduation committee discusses each component mentioned above separately and then determines the final grade. The written motivations of the mark are briefly noted down and stored in DECOS. The final presentation takes place for a general public, so that the academic community can take note of the level. To ensure the assessment quality, a member of the Board of Examiners regularly inspects the written motivations for the marks. If needed, the graduation lecturer is contacted.


text:
Digital Push Leads to Lifts in Lending, Engagement
CUs that invested in digital tools pre-pandemic take their efforts up a notch, leading to new accounts and stronger relationships.
By Natasha Chilingerian | July 12, 2021 at 03:07 PM
Heading into March 2020, many credit unions had already begun prioritizing the adoption of digital and self-service banking tools, and COVID-19 only accelerated their efforts. Now, 16 months after the initial pandemic lockdowns forced digital banking access into the critical-to-have category, credit unions are using the momentum of digital as a widely-accepted imperative to introduce new and easier ways for members to interact with them remotely.
Adapting and Picking Up Speed
Credit unions that made significant investments in digital pre-pandemic were happy they did once the world began to shut down – and were positioned to take their digital offerings up a notch at a time when members needed them the most.
The $1.9 billion Allegacy Federal Credit Union in Winston-Salem, N.C., which serves approximately 162,000 members, entered the pandemic with plans for a core conversion (or as Allegacy's staff prefers to call it, a "core enhancement"). Despite the chaos that transpired in March 2020, the credit union's leaders decided to move forward with the enhancement that went live Memorial Day weekend 2020 and brought more advanced capabilities to online and mobile banking users.
Natasha Chilingerian
Natasha has served as an editor for CU Times since March 2015. She also served as a communications specialist for Xceed Financial Credit Union (now Kinecta FCU) in Los Angeles from 2013-2015, and as a CU Times freelancer from 2011-2013. She has been a professional writer for more than 16 years, specializing in news and lifestyle journalism as well as marketing copywriting for companies in the finance and technology space.
Credit Unions Adapt to New Labor Market
Peter Strozniak | January 18, 2022
Some CEOs see the Great Resignation as an opportunity to expand the pool of talent they need to remain competitive.
Credit Unions Sharpen Giving Strategies
Natasha Chilingerian | January 18, 2022
Cooperatives pivot their post-pandemic giving strategies to meet shifting community needs.
Can Credit Unions Win?
Michael Ogden | November 08, 2021
Three credit union executives discuss how they make strategic choices for growth, success and possibly victory.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Networks and the Internet. I turn the computer on today and Vista 32 bit it saying it has a problem with the drivers and can not install. Please disable ad-blocking software or set an exception for MSFN. Sign in Already have an account? Solvusoft's close relationship with Microsoft as a Gold Certified Partner enables us to provide best-in-class software solutions that are optimized for performance on Windows operating systems.
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He is a lifelong computer geek and loves everything related to computers, software, and new technology. Furthermore, installing the wrong Linksys drivers can make these problems even worse.
Networks and the Internet. You need to be a member in order to leave a comment. Sign up for a new account in our community. Visfa tool will download and update the correct Linksys WMP driver versions automatically, protecting you against smp110 the wrong WMP drivers. I turn the computer on today and Vista 32 bit it saying it has a problem with the drivers and can not install.
Posted September 8, Maintaining updated Linksys WMP software prevents crashes and maximizes hardware and system performance.
When you try to install the driver from the CD, does it give you a warning about the driver? Posted September 2, I would imagine that it plain out won't accept that one. To achieve a Gold competency level, Solvusoft goes through extensive independent analysis that looks for, amongst other qualities, a high level of software expertise, a successful customer service track record, and top-tier customer value.
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Please disable ad-blocking software or set an exception for MSFN. However the box it came in says it does. Sign in Already have an account? Already have an account?
Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, 10 Downloads: This website is using cookies. Using outdated or corrupt Linksys WMP drivers can cause system errors, crashes, and cause your computer or hardware to fail. Solvusoft is recognized by Microsoft as a leading Independent Software Vendor, achieving the highest level lniksys completence and excellence in software development.
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It is possible that the driver on the CD has support for Vista while the driver on oinksys website does not. I would not recommend using the one from the website at all.


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Previous postCould a Long Fly Ball Hit a Flying Horse?
Congratulations on the new refrigerator. But why stop there? I suggest buying two of every appliance. Would make a great conversation piece among guests. Ah, nix the thought. This might be a bad idea. I remember reading somewhere about two of everything, heavy flooding, and a big boat.
I always fancied you a mad scientist. This very funny, strange and brilliant post proves it….last photo is your science lab, I suppose? It's actually a very good thing to have 2 fridges since you can hide in one during a nuke attack. When all's clear, you'll have your food in the other one, and you'll be able to keep up your strength and repopulate the world if necessary. Win, win!
Ha! The duct tape haiku is awesome!!
The last photo is a still life that is indeed meant to look *as if* it came from a lab, with a mish-mash of gadgets that are used separately for various everyday purposes like weighing food or mixing drinks or checking batteries. The last section's prose is an affectionate parody of scientific writing, in the spirit of Journal of Irreproducible Results.
Glad U liked the duct tape haiku. Among my silly ones, it is my favorite.
The kitchen walls are really a light green; the 2 fridges are really warm whites, only a little yellowish. My camera is *really* flaky about white balance. By sheer dumb luck, the way it bungled the kitchen colors gave me chance to riff on an old Beatles song, my crummy track record at predicting what is only temporary, and so on. One way that scientists get their jollies is by finding relations among things that seem utterly unrelated at first glance.
I was being facetious regarding the statement about the yellow kitchen….you went on and on about your camera not being accurate in capturing the true colors of your kitchen, that I thought I'd tease you about it. 😊. I love the retro look; very Mad Men.
Totally agree about the duct tape. A wondrous invention with unending applications. Loved your comment using the "Journal of Irreproducible Results." I'm very familiar with that one. My latest entry to the journal was the almost constant squeaking of my car. Took it in to the pros for a test drive and it made a liar out of me. Murphy's Law: If it can, it will, but not in front of a mechanic.
My car has an intermittent rattle in the dashboard that is like your car's squeak. Some bumpy roads I drive on most of my errands will very often trigger it, but not often enough to ask a mechanic to devote about an hour to riding with me, to and from those roads. The dashboard is always quiet near the repair garage.


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The impact of the Wailers on Reggae music has been well documented over the years. Trying to find a Dancehall connection though is much harder. And the last time the Wailers built good riddims was the 'Natty Dread' album. At the time of its release, Lloydie Coxsone – owner of the great Sir Coxsone sound system – ran version after version of tunes from the album- such was the band's popularity in the Dancehall. If this had happened about 5 years later perhaps some would view the scene differently. Then again the music was never released. If it had happened 5 years later, things were the same – so the connection would never be made anyway.
Yet one tune by the Wailers was a huge Dancehall hit then and now – 'Hypocrites' produced with Clancy Eccles. Recorded and released towards the end of the Rocksteady era, it first appeared on 'Wail N Soul'. Around the late '70s it was re-released back to back with 'Nice Time', another very popular tune, on Tuff Gong – since then to my knowledge it has never been out of press. Apart from the very youthful sounding vocal of Bob, the main feature/attraction is its instantly appealing horn riff and furthermore the wonderfully played riddim guitar (possibly Jah Jerry) that graces the riddim, Lyrically it's of course a classic.
Most of the versions of the riddim are vocal cuts rather than DJ versions. And the best of them came from the studio of King Jammy's. First came Half Pint's 'Mr Landlord', which can be found on his 'One In A Million' set. Half Pint listing out a string of complaints about his housing, only to be given a rent increase – all set to a crisp High Times Band cut. Next cut using the same Jammy's version is Dennis Brown's 'Its Magic', a well inspired performance from Dennis that paved the way for two excellent albums for the producer.
Of the two riddim albums so far released, most people who have heard both, prefer Harry J's 'Ram Dance Master' simply because the riddim is played at the right speed. The Empire/Channel One's approach to the riddim has been known to cause great distress.


Prince Ohenentow is out with an Afrobeat Banger and is ready to storm the entire Afrobeat world with the track entitled "Fatofom". This Ghanaian Prince is raising the bar with his new video and new sound. We got a chance to do an exclusive one on one with him and asked him a few questions about where he gets his inspiration and also what the track is all about. Enjoy the reading below and watch the video.


When I was twelve, my hero was Albert Einstein. I was the ultimate sickly nerd in Junior High, so I pursued more cerebral subjects, such as evolution. I tried to read Darwin's Origin of the Species when I was 13 ( I got through 3 or 4 chapters – very difficult for a 13 yr old to understand). I tried to come up with an explanation of fossils and evolutionary evidence with the Genesis account of creation. As a tenth grader I argued against evolution with my Biology teacher.
I have studied the issues just enough to conclude I don't know very much. I will affirm that I believe the literal Genesis Account of Creation. In our finite minds we have no conception of the Power of God Speaking. I do believe the issue of what you believe must begin with the belief that God is our Creator God, active, loving, all-powerful and Sovereign. To accept the Theory of Evolution as fact is to deny all of that.
With the 150 year anniversary of Darwin's book comes the exciting revelation of a new skeleton discovered in 1992. It has taken this long to analyze her. (They do it in a matter of minutes on CSI).
Science Magazine just today released a special issue on Ardi with research papers that go into great depth on the significance of this discovery.
Referential models based on extant African apes have dominated reconstructions of early human evolution since Darwin's time. These models visualize fundamental human behaviors as intensifications of behaviors observed in living chimpanzees and/or gorillas (for instance, upright feeding, male dominance displays, tool use, culture, hunting, and warfare). Ardipithecus essentially falsifies such models, because extant apes are highly derived relative to our last common ancestors. Moreover, uniquely derived hominid characters, especially those of locomotion and canine reduction, appear to have emerged shortly after the hominid/chimpanzee divergence. Hence, Ardipithecus provides a new window through which to view our clade's earliest evolution and its ecological context. Early hominids and extant apes are remarkably divergent in many cardinal characters. We can no longer rely on homologies with African apes for accounts of our origins and must turn instead to general evolutionary theory. A proposed adaptive suite for the emergence of Ardipithecus from the last common ancestor that we shared with chimpanzees accounts for these principal ape/human differences, as well as the marked demographic success and cognitive efflorescence of later Plio-Pleistocene hominids.
In retrospect, clues to this vast divide between the evolutionary trajectories of African apes and hominids have always been present. Apes are largely inept at walking upright. They exhibit reproductive behavior and anatomy profoundly unlike those of humans. African ape males have retained (or evolved, see below) a massive SCC and exhibit little or no direct investment in their offspring (their reproductive strategies rely primarily on varying forms of male-to-male agonism). Although they excel at some cognitive tasks, they perform at levels qualitatively similar to those of some extraordinary birds (29, 30) and mammals (31). The great apes are an isolated, uniquely specialized relict species surviving today only by their occupation of forest refugia (32). Even their gut structure differs substantially from that of humans (33).
How and why did such profound differences between hominids and African apes evolve? Why did early hominids become the only primate to completely eliminate the SCC? Why did they become bipedal, a form of locomotion with virtually no measurable mechanical advantage (34)? Why did body-size dimorphism increase in their likely descendants? These are now among the ultimate questions of human evolution. We can, of course, only hypothesize their answers. Nevertheless, by illuminating the likely morphological structure and potential social behavior of the CLCA, Ar. ramidus now confirms that extant African ape–based models are no longer appropriate.
It seems to me that "ARDI" is telling us that we did not descend from African APES! They have to come up with a new evolutionary model for the origin of hominids (you and me).
But what about the Evolution Theatre display at the the Smithsonian? I was just there meeting some of my monkey relatives! I hope ARDI sets them straight!
Ardi is my kind of gal. She tells it like it is. Regardless of your views on evolution, God wants us humans to know that He created us unlike any other animal or creature. We were made in HIS IMAGE, and when you discover that, it will change your view of life and your purpose for living.


This Pocatello, ID hotel is conveniently located near Interstate 86 and Interstate 15, providing easy access to Idaho State University and West Yellowstone National Park. Also located next door to the Mountain View Event Center (MEC). The spacious and tidy accommodations at this charming and elegant Idaho Best Western with featured brick wall decor offers cable television with ESPN, free wireless high-speed Internet access, a coffee maker, updated toiletries and more. Get the perfect start to each day of your stay in Idaho with a complimentary hot breakfast buffet, including freshly cooked waffles, scrambled eggs, breakfast meats with something different every morning. While staying at this hotel near Idaho State University, guests can also take advantage of the business center, cocktail lounge, 24-hour heated indoor pool and whirlpool hot tub, local shuttle, conference services and meeting facilities that accommodate up to 75 attendees. Call today to find out more about booking your next event or meeting at this Pocatello hotel! Business travelers often choose this Idaho Best Western for its close proximity to Simplot, Heinz, Portneuf Medical Center, Union Pacific Railroad, the FBI and ON Semiconductor. Those visiting Idaho State University also have just a short commute from this Pocatello, ID hotel. Guests of the Best Western Pocatello Inn can also enjoy easy access to many of the areas popular attractions, such as the Pocatello Zoo, Stephens Performing Arts Center, Highland Golf Course, Holt Arena, America Falls Reservoir, Lava Hot Springs, Fort Hall Casino and Pebble Creek Ski Area or take a day trip up to Yellowstone National Park. No matter what the occasion for your trip, theres something nearby for you to do, to unwind or to explore in this great city in Idaho.
I am sorry that we did not exceed your expectations. I want to apologize that the room was not clean, this does not meet our standards and we will check into who was the housekeeper and make sure that this doesn't happen again. Thank you for letting us know. We are in the process of replacing the mattresses with new ones, soon they will all be new. I hope that you will consider staying with us again so that we can have another chance to provide you with a superior experience.
A great stop on a long trip.
Thank you Gerry for taking the time to write a review about your stay at the Best Western Pocatello Inn. I am glad that you enjoyed your time with us and found your room to be comfortable. We always look forward to see all our guests from Canada. Thank you for your feedback and we look forward to see you again.
I want to apologize that we did not exceed your expectations. thank you for bringing this to our attention. This is not our standard on how we handle reservations. If you could please contact the hotel and talk with myself or one of the managers we would like to find out why you did not get the room that you booked. There is an age limit due to a safety issue with the hot tub because we keep the temperature between 103 degrees and 105 degrees. I want to apologize if the front desk agent came across rude and insensitive. We would like to know who this was so that we can follow up with them and use this as a training tool or disciplinary action is needed. I hope that you will consider staying with us again so that we can have another chance to provide you with a superior experience.
Thank you Lorna for taking the time to write a review about your stay at the Best Western Poctello Inn. It is always nice to visit with our returning guests. Thank you for being a loyal Best Western member. We appreciate that you have chosen to stay with us during your travels before and now that you are taking snow bird trips. We look forward to your return.
I want to apologize about the misunderstanding. I am sorry that housekeeping was not informed about your late checkout being as our normal checkout is by 11 am. I understand that a good night's sleep is needed when traveling a long distance the next day. But to help you in the future you can place the Do Not Disturb on your door so that housekeeping will not bother you. Thank you for letting me know about the front desk and not being very friendly, we will use this for future training as this is not our standard. I hope that you will consider staying with us again so that we can have another chance to provide you with a superior experience. We appreciate your feedback and look forward to your return.


text:
static void startRed(std::ostream& s) {
	s << "\x1b[31m";
}

// Stops printing things in red.
static void stopRed(std::ostream& s) {
	s << "\x1b[0m";
}

// Prints a string underlined with newlines before and after.
static void printUnderlined(const char* str) {
	std::cout << "\n\x1b[4m" << str << "\x1b[0m\n";
}

// =============================================================================
//            Node
// =============================================================================

// A theorem prover node is a node in the binary tree that decomposes a theorem.
// Each node specifies a goal; this goal is considerd proven when all its
// subgoals (goals of children nodes) are proven. Each node has a list of
// givens, which are facts it can use in the proof of its goal. This may begin
// as an empty list or a singleton list, and typically more givens are added as
// they are deduced from existing ones. The total givens of a node consist of
// its own list in addition to all givens of nodes in the chain from the node to
// the root of the tree. If a node has no children (a leaf node), then it must
// be proven directly.
class TheoremProver::Node {
public:
	// Creates a new node with the supplied goal, and optionally starting with
	// one given (otherwise it will have no givens).
	Node(Sentence* goal, Sentence* given = nullptr);

	// Deletes this node and all nodes below it. Also deletes the goal and all
	// the givens of the node.
	~Node();

	// Accessors for the goal, givens, and children of the node.
	Sentence* goal() const { return _goal; }
	std::vector<Sentence*> givens() const { return _givens; }
	Node* primaryChild() const { return _a; }
	Node* secondaryChild() const { return _b; }

	// Assumes this is a leaf node. Adds one or two children to the node via a
	// decomp object.
	void decompose(Decomp d);

	// Adds a given to the node.
	void deduce(Sentence* g);

	// Returns true if this node has any givens.
	bool hasGivens() const;

	// Prints the goal or the givens of the node to stdout, optionally including
	// the node label as well (in a different colour).
	void printGoal(bool label) const;
	void printGivens(bool label) const;

	// Pretty-prints the tree to stdout. If the current node is provided, it
	// will be made distinct by printing in a different colour.
	void printTree(Node* current = nullptr) const;

private:
	// Prints a section of the ASCII tree, and outputs the legend information of
	// this node to the given stream. Uses a different colour is col is true.
	void printHelp(int indent, std::ostream& legend, bool col) const;

	// Calculates the maximum depth of this tree.
	int maxDepth() const;

	Sentence* _goal; // the current goal
	std::vector<Sentence*> _givens; // the givens deduced at this node
	Node* _a; // the primary child, or null
	Node* _b; // the secondary child, or null
	char _label; // used for printing
};

namespace {
	char currentLabel = 'A';
	char genUniqueLabel() { return currentLabel++; }
}

TheoremProver::Node::Node(Sentence* goal, Sentence* given)
		: _goal(goal), _a(nullptr), _b(nullptr),
		_label(genUniqueLabel()) {
	assert(goal != nullptr);
	if (given != nullptr) {
		deduce(given);
	}
}

TheoremProver::Node::~Node() {
	for (Sentence* g: _givens) {
		delete g;
	}
	delete _goal;
	delete _a;
	delete _b;
}

void TheoremProver::Node::decompose(Decomp d) {
	assert(_a == nullptr);
	assert(_b == nullptr);
	_a = new Node(d._goalA, d._givenA);
	if (d._goalB != nullptr) {
		_b = new Node(d._goalB, d._givenB);
	}
}

void TheoremProver::Node::deduce(Sentence* g) {
	assert(g != nullptr);
	_givens.push_back(g);
}

bool TheoremProver::Node::hasGivens() const {
	return !_givens.empty();
}

void TheoremProver::Node::printGoal(bool label) const {
	assert(_goal != nullptr);
	if (label) {
		startRed(std::cout);
		std::cout << '[' << _label << ']';
		stopRed(std::cout);
		std::cout << ' ';
	}
	std::cout << *_goal << '\n';
}

void TheoremProver::Node::printGivens(bool label) const {
	if (hasGivens()) {
		if (label) {
			std::cout << '[' << _label << "] ";
		}
		bool first = true;
		for (Sentence *g: _givens) {
			if (label) {
				if (first) {
					first = false;
				} else {
					std::cout << "    ";
				}
			}
			std::cout << *g << '\n';
		}
	}
}

void TheoremProver::Node::printTree(Node* current) const {
	int depth = maxDepth();
	// Compute the indent level for the first row. By inspection I discovered
	// the pattern to be 2^(n-2) spaces followed by 2^(n-2)-1 underscores, where
	// n is the maximum depth of the tree.
	int indent = 0;
	if (depth > 1) {
		indent = 1;
		for (int i = 0; i < depth - 2; ++i) {
			indent *= 2;
		}
	}
	// We print the legend information to a separate stream (which gets printed
	// at the end) to avoid doing two traversals.
	std::ostringstream legend;
	// Do a breadth-first traversal.
	std::queue<const Node*> queue;
	queue.push(this);
	while (!queue.empty()) {
		bool allNull = true;
		auto sz = queue.size();
		std::stringstream slashes;
		for (unsigned int i = 0; i < sz; ++i) {
			const Node* n = queue.front();
			queue.pop();
			std::string spaces1(
				static_cast<unsigned int>(std::max(0, indent - 1)),
				' '
			);
			std::string spaces2(
				static_cast<unsigned int>(std::max(0, indent * 2 - 1)),
				' '
			);
			char leftp = ' ';
			char rightp = ' ';
			if (n != nullptr) {
				if (n->_a != nullptr) leftp = '/';
				if (n->_b != nullptr) rightp = '\\';
			}
			slashes << spaces1 << leftp << spaces2 << rightp << spaces1;
			if (n == nullptr) {
				std::cout << std::string(
					static_cast<unsigned int>(1 + std::max(0, 4 * indent - 2)),
					' '
				);
				// Push nulls to ensure correct spacing.
				// (This is why we need to break on allNull.)
				queue.push(nullptr);
				queue.push(nullptr);
			} else {
				n->printHelp(indent, legend, n == current);
				queue.push(n->_a);
				queue.push(n->_b);
				if (n->_a != nullptr || n->_b != nullptr) {
					allNull = false;
				}
			}
			if (i != sz - 1) {
				std::cout << ' ';
				slashes << ' ';
			}
		}
		indent /= 2;
		std::cout << '\n';
		if (allNull) {
			break;
		} else {
			std::cout << slashes.str() << '\n';
		}
	}
	std::cout << '\n' << legend.str();
}

void TheoremProver::Node::printHelp(int indent, std::ostream& legend, bool col)
		const {
	unsigned int n_sp = static_cast<unsigned int>(indent);
	unsigned int n_us = static_cast<unsigned int>(std::max(0, indent - 1));
	std::string spaces(n_sp, ' ');
	std::string scoresl(n_us, (_a == nullptr) ? ' ' : '_');
	std::string scoresr(n_us, (_b == nullptr) ? ' ' : '_');
	std::cout << spaces << scoresl;
	if (col) {
		startRed(std::cout);
		startRed(legend);
	}
	std::cout << _label;
	legend << '[' << _label << ']';
	if (col) {
		stopRed(std::cout);
		stopRed(legend);
	}
	std::cout << scoresr << spaces;
	legend << ' ' << *_goal << '\n';
}

int TheoremProver::Node::maxDepth() const {
	int da = (_a == nullptr) ? 0 : _a->maxDepth();
	int db = (_b == nullptr) ? 0 : _b->maxDepth();
	return 1 + std::max(da, db);
}

// =============================================================================
//            Index parsing
// =============================================================================

namespace {
	const char* bad_index = "Invalid index.\n";
}

// Prompts the user to enter an integer between lo and hi (inclusive). Prompts
// repeatedly until valid input is parsed. Returns the integer.
static int readIndex(int lo, int hi) {
	int option;
	for(;;) {
		std::cout << "Enter the option index: ";
		std::string line;

		// Make sure Ctrl-D is handled properly.
		if (!getline(std::cin, line)) {
			std::cout << '\n';
			exit(1);
		}

		// Try again if anything goes wrong.
		try {
			option = std::stoi(line);
		} catch (const std::invalid_argument& e) {
			(void)e;
			std::cerr << bad_index;
			continue;
		} catch (const std::out_of_range& e) {
			(void)e;
			std::cerr << bad_index;
			continue;
		}
		if (option < lo || option > hi) {
			std::cerr << bad_index;
			continue;
		}
		break;
	}
	return option;
}

// =============================================================================
//            Theorem prover
// =============================================================================

TheoremProver::TheoremProver() : _root(nullptr) {}

TheoremProver::~TheoremProver() {
	delete _root;
}

void TheoremProver::cleanUp() {
	// This is why we are using vectors instead of stacks (clear method).
	_dfs.clear();
	_lineage.clear();
}

void TheoremProver::setTheorem(Sentence* s) {
	delete _root;
	cleanUp();
	if (s == nullptr) {
		_root = nullptr;
	} else {
		_root = new Node(s);
		_dfs.push_back(_root);
		_lineage.push_back(_root);
		printGoal();
	}
}

TheoremProver::Mode TheoremProver::mode() const {
	if (_root == nullptr) return NOTHM;
	if (_dfs.empty()) return DONE;
	return PROVING;
}

void TheoremProver::decompose() {
	assert(mode() == PROVING);
	std::vector<Decomp> vec = currentNode()->goal()->decompose();

	if (vec.empty()) {
		std::cout << "This goal cannot be decomposed.\n";
		return;
	}

	// Print the indexed options.
	std::cout << "Choose a decomposition option.\n";
	std::cout << "(0) abort\n";
	int i = 1;
	for (const Decomp& d: vec) {
		std::cout << '(' << i++ << ") ";
		d.print();
		std::cout << '\n';
	}

	// FIXME: The following is pretty wasteful. It is only necessary to do it
	// this way for deduction, since each hypothesis needs to be checked and
	// each conclusion needs to be displayed.

	// Get the index, and delete the unused decomps.
	int option = readIndex(0, static_cast<int>(vec.size()));
	for (int j = 0; j < static_cast<int>(vec.size()); j++) {
		if (j != option - 1) {
			vec[static_cast<size_t>(j)].free();
		}
	}
	if (option == 0) {
		std::cout << "Decomposition aborted.\n";
		return;
	}

	// Add it to the tree.
	Node* n = currentNode();
	n->decompose(vec[static_cast<size_t>(option - 1)]);
	_dfs.pop_back();
	if (n->secondaryChild() != nullptr) {
		_dfs.push_back(n->secondaryChild());
	}
	_dfs.push_back(n->primaryChild());
	_lineage.push_back(n->primaryChild());
	std::cout << "New goal: ";
	printGoal();
}

void TheoremProver::deduce() {
	assert(mode() == PROVING);
	std::vector<Deduct> vec;
	for (const Node* n: _lineage) {
		for (const Sentence* s: n->givens()) {
			std::vector<Deduct> ds = s->deduce();
			vec.insert(vec.end(), ds.begin(), ds.end());
		}
	}

	if (vec.empty()) {
		std::cout << "No deductions can be made.\n";
		return;
	}

	// TODO: Filter out failed hypotheses.
	// TODO: Avoid duplicate givens.

	std::cout << "Choose a sentence to deduce.\n";
	std::cout << "(0) abort\n";
	int i = 1;
	for (const Deduct& d: vec) {
		std::cout << '(' << i++ << ") ";
		d.print();
		std::cout << '\n';
	}
	std::cout << '(' << i << ") all of the above\n";

	int sz = static_cast<int>(vec.size());
	int option = readIndex(0, sz + 1);
	if (option == sz + 1) {
		Node* n = currentNode();
		for (const Deduct& d: vec) {
			delete d._hyp;
			n->deduce(d._conc);
		}
		std::cout << "Deduced " << sz << " sentence(s).\n";
		return;
	}
	for (int j = 0; j < static_cast<int>(vec.size()); j++) {
		if (j != option - 1) {
			vec[static_cast<size_t>(j)].free();
		}
	}
	if (option == 0) {
		std::cout << "Decomposition aborted.\n";
		return;
	}
	Node* n = currentNode();
	Deduct chosen = vec[static_cast<size_t>(option - 1)];
	delete chosen._hyp;
	n->deduce(chosen._conc);
	std::cout << "Deduction successful.\n";
}

void TheoremProver::trivial() {
	assert(mode() == PROVING);
	_dfs.pop_back();
	if (mode() == DONE) {
		std::cout << "Proof completed!\n";
		cleanUp();
	} else {
		updateLineage();
		std::cout << "Goal proved.\nNew goal: ";
		printGoal();
	}
}

void TheoremProver::justify() {
	assert(mode() == PROVING);
	std::cout << "Provide justification (return twice to finish):\n";
	std::string line;
	for (;;) {
		if (!getline(std::cin, line)) {
			// Make sure Ctrl-D is handled properly.
			std::cout << '\n';
			exit(1);
		}
		if (line == "") break;
	}
	trivial();
}

void TheoremProver::printStatus() const {
	Mode m = mode();
	assert(m != NOTHM);
	printUnderlined("THEOREM");
	printTheorem();
	if (m == PROVING) {
		printUnderlined("CURRENT GOAL");
		printGoal();
		printUnderlined("GIVENS");
		printGivens();
		std::cout << '\n' << _dfs.size() << " goal(s) left to prove.\n\n";
	} else if (m == DONE) {
		std::cout << "\nThe proof is complete.\n\n";
	}
}

void TheoremProver::printTheorem() const {
	assert(mode() != NOTHM);
	_root->printGoal(false);
}

void TheoremProver::printTree() const {
	Mode m = mode();
	assert(m != NOTHM);
	std::cout << '\n';
	if (m == PROVING) {
		_root->printTree(currentNode());
	} else {
		_root->printTree();
	}
	std::cout << '\n';
}

void TheoremProver::printGoal() const {
	assert(mode() == PROVING);
	currentNode()->printGoal(true);
}

void TheoremProver::printGivens() const {
	assert(mode() == PROVING);
	bool empty = true;
	for (const Node* n: _lineage) {
		empty = empty && !n->hasGivens();
		n->printGivens(true);
	}
	if (empty) {
		std::cout << "(no givens)\n";
	}
}

TheoremProver::Node* TheoremProver::currentNode() const {
	assert(mode() == PROVING);
	return _dfs.back();
}

void TheoremProver::updateLineage() {
	Node* c = currentNode();
	while (!_lineage.empty()
			&& _lineage.back()->primaryChild() != c
			&& _lineage.back()->secondaryChild() != c) {
		_lineage.pop_back();
	}
	_lineage.push_back(c);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


class="post-template-default single single-post postid-337397 single-format-standard custom-background group-blog header-image full-width singular wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-5.7 vc_responsive"
Bradshaw, Neb. — Authorities arrested two people after nearly 60 pounds (27 kilograms) of marijuana was found in their vehicle after a traffic stop on Interstate 80 in eastern Nebraska.
The York County Sheriff's Department says a deputy stopped the vehicle late Monday night for a traffic violation about a mile west of the Bradshaw exit.
The deputy reported smelling the odor of marijuana coming the vehicle. Sheriff's Lt. Paul Vrbka says the deputy got consent to search the vehicle, and the marijuana was found in duffel bags inside the trunk.
Online court records don't show the two California residents have been formally charged.


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Mecyclothorax subunctus är en skalbaggsart som först beskrevs av Perkins 1917.  Mecyclothorax subunctus ingår i släktet Mecyclothorax och familjen jordlöpare. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

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Jordlöpare
subunctus

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Students will learn how to form sentences, how to express their abilities, directions, prepositions and places, Thai family structure, also learn how to look for more vocabulary or more information in Thai.
Daâi / mâi-dâi / dâai-mái | ได้ / ไม่ได้ / ได้ไหม | Can / can't / can?
Nîi à-rai | นี่ อะไร | What is this/that?


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Home » News » We'll suspend strike in few days —Delta NUT boss
We'll suspend strike in few days —Delta NUT boss
By Festus Ahon
ASABA—CHAIRMAN of Nigeria Union of Teachers, NUT, Delta State wing, Mr Jonathan Jemirieyigbe, yesterday said teachers in public primary and secondary schools in the state would suspend the ongoing strike in a few days.
Jemiriegbe who spoke to newsmen after a closed door meeting with the state governor, Senator Ifeanyi Okowa, said, "Between now and Monday, we will call off the strike. We had a very fruitful discussion with the governor. We are Deltans and the governor, Senator Okowa, is a good man, dealing with us the way a father deals with his children."
He described Governor Okowa as labour-friendly, adding: "The governor is not a bad person as being portrayed by some people in the media. He has done a lot for us and we appreciate him."
Governor Okowa had expressed the hope that the teachers would go back to their classrooms, saying, "We had a fruitful meeting and we discussed issues concerning the teachers and how to move our state forward."
Those who were present at the meeting, included the Special Adviser to the Governor on Labour Matters, Mr Mike Okeme, select local government chairmen and top members of the NUT, among others.


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Interview: Roger Ross Williams on Making the Vibrant and Vital "Life, Animated"
Despite winning the Best Director Prize at Sundance earlier this year, Roger Ross Williams isn't entirely convinced that his latest film "Life, Animated," which tells of Owen Suskind, a young autistic man who learned how to communicate with the help of "Aladdin," "Peter Pan" and other classic Disney animated films, is the reason he's been having to clear so much space on his mantel as of late, but rather the Q & As that follow.
"There was a moment at Full Frame when Owen was coming down the aisle and he's high-fiving all the people who are cheering — he goes up to the microphone [to start the Q & A and said], 'I feel the love in this room.' People just went crazy," Williams recalls with a grin. "It's why we keep winning all these audience awards."
Though bringing out the spirited animation fanatic just before festival audiences cast their ballot for their favorite film at the door might be suspected of giving "Life, Animated" an unfair advantage, no one is likely to argue that Williams' tremendously moving portrait of Owen and his family — parents Ron and Cornelia and brother Walt — as they prepare for his march away from their watchful eye towards independence isn't deserving of all the accolades that have come its way.
As it turns out, the celebratory festival run seems like a fitting exclamation point on the year of firsts that Owen can be seen experiencing in "Life, Animated" — his first girlfriend, his first apartment at an assisted living center, his first job — made all the more remarkable by the fact that Owen didn't put together his first complete sentence until the age of six, learning the ability to express himself through drawings of the cartoon characters he could identify with and the simplified language they would use. Cleverly, Williams reverses Owen's education for an audience to understand the complexities of living with autism, using animated sequences to illuminate how his mind pieces together information as his family reflects on how they gradually developed a rapport with him. While the story in and of itself is inspiring, Owen is as well purely as a force of nature, his zest for life particularly evident in bringing his love of Disney characters to a club he started at his school to watch the films and dissect them analytically.
That infectious exuberance comes through both the film and its director, who somehow found the energy to talk about "Life, Animated" within a relentless travel schedule that saw him in England for the Sundance Film Festival: London two days before this interview in Los Angeles and at the Seattle Film Festival the day after it.
How did this come about?
I've known Ron and the Suskind family for 15 years and when I used to be a journalist, [Ron and I] worked together at "Nightline." We also did a show for PBS called "Life 360" [where] I did a piece about Cornelia's parents and how they met and a piece about Owen learning to ride a bike. I even worked on Owen's Bar Miztvah video for Ron as a favor, so I've been their in-house documentarian for years and when Ron was writing the book ["Life, Animated: A Story of Sidekicks, Heroes and Autism"], he came to me and said, "I think there's a documentary here and we're ready to do it."
Did you actually see this film as a partnership between yourself and the Suskinds?
Definitely, because I knew the Suskinds for so long and so well and really felt connected and close to them. I really wanted to do their story justice, but Ron did not see anything until the rough cut stage. He and Owen watched the film pretty far along in the rough cut stage. Cornelia and Walt didn't watch the film until the premiere at Sundance with an audience. And it was important to have that distance as a filmmaker because I didn't want the book to have too much influence. The film picks up where the book left off — it's about Owen now becoming independent and I wanted the creative freedom as a director to create the story I wanted to tell and they pretty much left me alone.
Did you know in advance what a momentous year this would be for Owen?
I knew we couldn't just redo the book, which is all in the past and it just so happened that this happened to be the year Owen was going to graduating from school, he had fallen in love, and he was going to moving into his own apartment. As the Suskinds are telling me, "All these things are going to happen through out this year," I [thought] "This is the perfect arc of the story." It was a journey in one year that basically covers the bases of everything that everyone goes through— everyone falls in love, or at least most people do, everyone graduates, everyone becomes independent — but the stakes are so much higher for Owen. All these things were universal, and then we could tell the backstory in these black-and-white line drawings as flashbacks.
What went into your choice of animators?
It was important that the animation was very different than Disney animation because this was about going into Owen's head and I started looking at different films. I saw a film called "The Dam Keeper," which was nominated for an Oscar a couple years ago, and I loved the European type of animation. So I went to this [studio] called Mac Guff that did "Despicable Me" and "The Lorax" and they were primarily a 3D animation company. But when I met the owner of Mac Guff, Phillippe [Sonrier], this interesting character who lived on a boat on the Seine for 20 years, he really fell in love with the story of the sidekicks, I had amazing meetings with him, and then he put together this group of young French animators to [give] that European feel to it.
Mathieu Betard, who's brilliant, ran the whole project creatively and the lead artist was Olivier [Lescot], who started showing me his drawings and [when] I said "What do you call this style of drawing?" He said, "I call it Olivier style," so [when] they put together a group of seven or eight young French animators, they took Olivier's stuff and brought it to life. I had to go to Paris a lot, which was tough. [laughs] I also worked with Emily Hubley, who really helped me [with] the last chapter of the book, the sidekick story — we didn't want dialogue. We wanted it to be an emotional journey of sound and a visual, so I found this amazing electronic music producer in Portland, Oregon named Dylan Stark, who really created this soundscape. He took Owen talking and the sound of VHS fast-forwarding and rewinding and worked it into this musical language that felt very emotional.
You really get a visceral sense of the experience of being autistic — in particular, there's that moment where you convey the noise that's going on inside Owen's head. Was it a challenge to understand that at first and subsequently convey it?
The whole concept of the film is to portray being on the inside looking out [because] all these films about people with a disability are always about the outside looking in and this is about going deeper and deeper until you're totally immersed in Owen's world — this beautiful vibrant world — so the sound design and everything [else] served that purpose. When Ron and Cornelia would talk about how Owen couldn't understand [things] and [Owen] says "Everything was garbled," it was about creating that soundscape and surround sound in the Orson Welles Editing Room at Skywalker Ranch. It was an amazing experience because we got to spend weeks with Al Nelson, the sound designer, and I would pinch myself every day and say "I can not believe I am here at Skywalker." We even went to lunch the second day and who's sitting there in the cafeteria but George Lucas himself?
That's incredible. The scenes at the beginning of the film also are immediately immersive as you see Owen directly facing the camera, making expressions correlating to the Disney films he's seeing. How did those come about?
When Owen is on camera, he's always looking directly at the audience because I shot on an Interrotron, which is a camera behind a television screen, so I'd be in the other room and interviewing Owen on the television screen because if I was sitting there [in front of him], he wouldn't be able to make eye contact. But since he spent his whole life watching a television screen, when he sees my image on television, he can look right at me and, in a sense, look right at the audience and tell his story. So [for the opening scenes] what I did was in-between asking Owen questions, I would play clips of Disney animated films and he would mouth the words and even with the "Peter Pan" sword fight, he's doing the movements of the sword fight, so [by filming him] you are inside the Disney film and therefore inside his head as he interacts with the films, so it brings the audience into his world.
Did you actually know that you had the approval of Disney from the start of the film?
No. [laughs] It's kind of a big gamble, isn't it? I had already shot for awhile before I met Sean Bailey, who was really our advocate [there]. But it was a process. A big moment was when Julie [Goldman, the film's producer] and I went and showed it to all the heads of Disney's legal, animation and marketing departments and they were in tears after they watched some scenes. I don't know if they realize the power that their films have had to change someone's life like that. And they were just moved.
Something I only realized after watching the film is that although a big part of the story is Owen becoming independent, when he's spending those first few nights at the assisted living center, your cameras are there. Was that an interesting position to be in?
Yeah, I wasn't actually there the first night. I wanted to be as noninvasive as possible and the only person who was there with Owen was Tom Bergmann, [the cinematographer]. He and Owen had already developed a great relationship, and Owen was used to ignoring Tom, so [that first night] Tom was there in the corner and Owen lives very much in the moment, so you never see him look in the camera and he's just doing his thing. He forgot Thomas was there, which is really why Thomas was able to get Owen as he fell asleep the first night. Then Thomas had the key [to the apartment] and he snuck out and then snuck back in before Owen woke up, so when the alarm goes off, he was there when Owen opened his eyes for the first time. [laughs] Owen didn't even flinch, he was so used to Thomas being there, which is like a [documentarian's] dream for a subject because they're always so aware of the camera.
What's it been like to travel with the film?
It has been extraordinary. With Owen, you never know when you start up this what's going to happen or how Owen's going to react to being such a public person, but Owen has thrived in front of an audience. He kills it at Q&As. He loves taking the control of the Q&A and calling on people, like "you over there." He loves doing voices and interacting with the audience and every film festival, there's been a standing ovation. But it's also the film because it's about love and the power of story and there is something about hitting those really universal notes that works. You never know when you release a film how people are going to connect, but this is a universal tale that people can really connect to and that's really exciting.
"Life, Animated" opens on July 1st in Los Angeles at the Landmark and in New York at the IFC Center and the Lincoln Plaza Cinemas before expanding in the coming weeks. A full list of theaters and dates is here.
TagsAl NelsonanimationautismCornelia SuskindDisneydocumentariesDylan StarkEmily HubleyGeorge LucasJulie GoldmanLife AnimatedMac GuffOlivier LescotOwen SuskindPhillippe SonrierRoger Ross WilliamsRon SuskindTom Bergmann
Interview: D.A. Pennebaker on Bringing Out the Humanity in the Fight for Animal Rights in "Unlocking the Cage"
Interview: Ashley Bell & Mickey Keating on Having a Bloody Ball in "Carnage Park"
Stephen Saito
Stephen Saito is an L.A.-based writer whose work has been published in The L.A. Times, Premiere, and IFC.com.
Pingback Interview: Julie Goldman on the Motto That Means Something in the Documentary World


Breaking news: secret US diplomatic cables tell us there's corruption in Afghanistan. Ahmed Zia Massoud, Afghanistan's former vice-president, was found to be carrying $52 million in cash – which a message from the American Embassy in Kabul, made public by Wikileaks over the weekend, said he was "allowed to keep without revealing the money's origin or destination".
Back in 2007, Arab newspapers had reported that unidentified Afghan officials had been held in the UAE with several million in cash and antiques. The Afghan television station Ariana later named Mr Massoud (left) and Yunus Qanuni (right), the speaker of Afghanistan's parliament.
But wait a minute: I'd read that already, and not in the thousands of diplomatic cables released by Wikileaks.
For all the column inches of space that are being lavished on the Wikileaks cables, the secrets they contain are spectacularly underwhelming. There's a lot more to be learned about the world around us from nothing more secret than old newspapers than from the treasures Julian Assange has brought up from the beast's lair.
The tale of Mr Massoud's cash-laden suitcases is a case in point. Back in 2007, Arab newspapers had reported that unidentified Afghan officials had been held in the UAE with several million in cash and antiques. The Afghan television station Ariana later named Mr Massoud and Yunus Qanuni, the speaker of Afghanistan's parliament. Both denied wrongdoing.
Even if I hadn't known about the tale, I'd still learn much more from reporters for The Washington Post and the New York Times on Afghanistan's corrupt elite than from Wikileaks. The United Nations kindly hosts a very helpful history of the relationship between corruption and state-building in Afghanistan.
According to the Nye(ph) Center for Open Media, since 2001, more than 250 journalists have been threatened, kidnapped, beaten, arrested and/or killed. Siddiqullah Tawhidi, the director of Afghan Media Watch says Afghan government officials were blamed for 55 percent of the incidents, 16 percent were blamed on Taliban militants, and 26 percent were attributed to unknown armed groups.


Pradaxa, the first oral anticoagulant to be approved by the FDA in 50 years, comes with a well documented list of side effects, ranging from minor to life-threatening. A recent collection of studies conducted by the Cleveland Clinic has found evidence of yet another to add to that list.
Meta-analysis of these studies has shown that taking Pradaxa causes a 33% increase of acute coronary syndrom relative to that of comparable medications. Acute coronary syndrom is a blanket term for any event that causes a sudden blockage of blood flow to the heart Essentially, patients that have been been prescribed and are taking Pradaxa are up to 33% more likely to suffer a heart attack or other serious heart conditions than those who are taking other anticoagulants, like Coumadin.
Despite Pradaxa's dangerous side effects that also include a reduction in kidney function (especially in older patients) and risk of severe and uncontrolled bleeding, it's manufacturer, Boehringer Ingelheim, has concluded that the benefits it provides outweigh any potential risk. Pradaxa has been proven to reduce the risk of stroke in patients suffering from atrial fibrillation.
However, with occurrences of fatal side effects mounting, currently over 260 such instances have been reported world wide, the FDA has decided to re-evaluate Pradaxa, although no recall has been issued at this point. Patients who have been taking Pradaxa and have experienced any of these side effects should consult an experienced Pradaxa attorney to answer any questions you may have.