text:
EHN [of California]
Larkspur, California, 94977-0074
Support and Information Line
(SAIL) 415.541.5075
A 501 (c) (3) non profit agency.
EHN Files Petition With the FDA
9/29/03: The FDA has officially begun
"Preliminary scientific reviews of the petition."
Get your message to the FDA!
- Analysis Summary -
Calvin Klein's Eternity eau de parfum
(manufactured by Unilever)
Visit - Analysis Summary Forward -
What you think you are buying:
"A romantic floral fragrance. Freesia, mandarin and sage accent the top note which combines with muguet, white lily, marigold and narcissus from the white floral bouquet that is the middle note. Patchouli with exotic notes of sandalwood and amber complete the background." The Fragrance Foundation 2002 Reference Guide, page 185. Eternitywas created by the Calvin Klein Cosmetics Company in 1988. UNILEVER COSMETICS INTERNATIONAL
What you are buying:
Analysis Summary
Perfume: Cupid's Arrow or Poison Dart?
(PRNewswire -- Dr. Samuel Epstein, Cancer Prevention Coalition and EHN)
http://www.ehnca.org/www/PressReleases/fragfda3.htm
Analysis performed by a member of RIFM (Research Institute for Fragrance Materials). Obviously, information appearing under "Refernce Material" was added from other sources.
Reference Material:
Chemical info acquired via MSDS:
Aldrich (http://www.sigmaaldrich.com)
Fisher Chemical MSDS at (https://www2.fishersci.com/chemical/info/msdsinfo.jsp)
EPA's Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory (http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/tscasrch.asp).
To learn more about TSCA, see below.
Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. (RTECS) (http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/rtecs.html).
To learn more about RTECS, see below.
Search RTECS Database: (http://ccinfoweb.ccohs.ca/rtecs/search.html)
Note: This section prints out in 9 pages, using 'portrait' format, at 72% on my inkjet printer. -- barb
Chemical Percent of fragrance portion of formula CAS#
Chemical Abstracts Service
A unique number assigned to every individually identifiable substance. Reference Material Searches conducted by CAS number.
You must register to access MSDS information, then click
on MSDS and do a search for the chemical. Visit:
Aldrich and Fisher are linked to those sites.
To see listed on Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical
Substances, visit Search RTECS Database
To query the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)
Chemical Substances Inventory, visit Cornell
Ethanone, 1-(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8- octahydro-2,3,8,8- tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-
11.7 54464-57-2 (Iso E Super)
A search of literature revealed very little available
health or toxicology information. This compound
is in common use in fragrances often at levels of 25%.
Perfumery: Practice and Principle
To learn more, go to IsoESuper PDF file:
http://ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov/htdocs/ Chem_Background/ExSumpdf/IsoESuper.pdf
[If you copy this URL, there are no spaces.]
Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act. (Former
CAS numbers: 166090-45-5; 239809-44-0.)
http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A54/T26816.htm.
Hydrocinnamaldehyde, p-tert-butyl-.alpha.-methyl-
11.6 80-54-6 (Lilial)
Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological
properties have not been thoroughly investigated.
Label Precautions: TARGET ORGAN DATA:
BEHAVIORAL (SOMNOLENCE) [drowsiness];
LUNGS, THORAX OR RESPIRATION (DYSPNAE)
[difficulty breathing]; PATERNAL EFFECTS (TESTES,
EPIDIDYMIS, SPERM DUCT) (Aldrich)
Listed: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, phenylmethyl ester
11.1 118-58-1 (Benzyl Salicylate)
(Aldrich) (Fisher)
Phthalic acid, diethyl ester
10.5 84-66-2 (Diethyl Phthalate)
Irritant, CNS effects, may cause fetal effects.
#TI1050000. http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/rtecs/ti100590.html
3-Buten-2-one, 4- 2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-
5.2 14901-07-6 (BETA-IONONE)
Irritant, respiratory & skin sensitizer. The chemical, physical,
and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly
investigated. (Aldrich) (Fisher)
Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act.
http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A19/T9341.htm
3-Cyclohexene- 1-carboxaldehyde, 4- (4-hydroxy-4-methylpntyl)- 4.8 31906-04-4 Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act.
11/02: Previously we had no information on this chemical.
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, alph.,.alpha.,4-trimethyl- 4.2 98-55-5 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological
Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act
http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A129/T64197.htm.
1,3-Benzodioxole- 5-carboxaldehyde 4.0 120-57-0 Irritant, CNS effects The chemical, physical, and toxicological
http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A10/T4727.htm.
Cyclopenta(g) -2-benzopyran, 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexadro- 4,6,6,7,8-hexamethyl-
(GALAXOLIDE 50) -- a synthetic musk compound, "fluidized with diethyl phthalate" (IFF) 3.52 1222-05-5 "Irritant ... TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION: Acute effects:
To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and
toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated.
Causes skin irritation.
May be harmful if absorbed through the skin.
May cause eye irritation.
May be harmful if inhaled.
Material may be irritating to mucous membranes and upper
respiratory tract.
May be harmful if swallowed.
Hazardous ingredients: Contains diethyl phthalate,
chemical abstracts registry number 84-66-2.
(Aldrich)
and as CAS # 84-66-2
http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A123/T61330.htm
Both CAS # above, listed:
Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
Cyclopentaneacetic acid, 3-oxo-2-pentyl-, methyl ester 3.25 24851-98-7 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological
1,6-Octadien-3-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, acetate 3.0 115-95-7 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological
properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Aldrich)
http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A8/T3759.htm
Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, (3Z)-3-hexenyl ester 3.0 65405-77-8 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological
[May be harmful by inhalation, ingestion, skin absorption.
Vapor or mist is irritating to the eyes, mucous membranes
and upper respiratory tract. causes skin irritation.
Listed: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. as
" Salicylic acid, 3-hexen-1-yl ester."
Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl) - 2.8 97-53-0 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological
(Fisher) (Aldrich)
Listed on Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. as
"Phenol, 4-allyl-2-methoxy-" .
1,6-Nonadien-3-ol, 3,7-dimethyl- 2.4 10339-55-6 AKA Ethyl Linalool; info not available through Aldrich.
From Givaudan: Ethyl Linalool has a lavender, bergamot,
coriander character and is more floral, sweeter and less agrestic
than Linalool. As with Linalool, it is used in a wide variety of
notes for floral bouquets. Tenacity on blotter: 12 hours.
http://ingredients.givaudan.com/appl/
fib/ing.nsf/0c7c7a0c6b30d410c1256913002ed09f/
3f47c12fb093ea4bc1256a380030922e?OpenDocument
(No spaces in this URL.)
Listed on Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
6-Octen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl- 2.4 106-22-9 Severe Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological
properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Aldrich) (Fisher)
Oxacyclohexadecan-2-one 2.0 106-02-5 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological
http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A5/T2220.htm.
1,6-Octadien-3-ol, | 3,7-dimethyl- 1.9 78-70-6 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological
3-Buten-2-one, 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)- 1.6 127-41-3 Irritant, skin & respiratory sensitizer . The chemical,
physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly
investigated. (Aldrich)
Acetic acid, phenylmethyl ester 1.5 140-11-4 Toxic. May cause CNS effects, irritant, may cause cancer
based upon animal studies. The chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Aldrich) (Fisher)
2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, acetate 1.0 105-87-3 The chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Aldrich) (Fisher)
Octanol, -hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl- .8 107-75-5 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Aldrich) (Fisher)
2-Buten-1-ol, 2-ethyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethyl- 3-cyclopenten-1-yl)- .7 28219-61-6 The chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Fisher)
Benzeneethanol .49 60-12-8 Toxic, harmful by all routes, readily absorbed via skin, CNS effects. (Aldrich)
http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A59/T29247.htm
Listed: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. as "Phenethyl alcohol." .
1,3-Benzodioxole, 5-(diethoxymethyl)- .32 40527-42-2 Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act with "Submitter Name(s) Piperonal diethyl acetal." http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A46/T22937.htm
Listed: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. as "Piperonal, diethyl acetal."
1-Cyclohexene-1-butanol, 4-(diethoxymethyl)-.alpha,. alpha.-dimethyl- .21 115217-10-2 No records found as of 11/03/02
2-Buten-1-one, 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)- .17 23726-92-3 Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act. http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A31/T15019.htm. Found 11/03/02. Previously we had no information on this chemical.
Benzaldehyde, 4 -hydroxy-3-methoxy- .15 121-33-5 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Aldrich) (Fisher)
Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act with "Submitter Name(s): 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde; Vanillin." http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A10/T4943.htm.
Listed: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. as "Vanillin." Found 11/03/02.
Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)- .15 97-54-1 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Aldrich)
Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A129/T64065.htm
Oxacycloheptadec-10-en-2-one .13 28645-51-4 Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act. http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A37/T18262.htm.
Found in a search 11/03/02. Previously we had no information on this chemical.
2-Octanol, 8,8-diethoxy-2,6-dimethyl- .12 7779-94-4 Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act.
2-Propen-1-ol, 3-phenyl- .08 104-54-1 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Aldrich) (Fisher)
Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act.http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A4/T1919.htm.
Listed: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. as "Cinnamyl alcohol."
6-Octen-3-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, acetate .08 50373-60-9 No records found as of 11/03/02
6-Octen-3-ol, 3,7-dimethyl- .07 18479-51-1 Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act with "Submitter Name(s): Dihydrolinalool; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-3-ol; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-3-ol; 6-Octen-3-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, and with former CAS #2270-57-7; 94006-45-8 http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A26/T12505.htm
Found 11/03/02.
7-Octen-4-one, 2,6-dimethyl- .07 1879-00-1 No records found as of 11/03/02 .
Acetic acid, (cyclohexyloxy)-, 2-propenyl ester .06 68901-15-5 Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act with "Submitter Name(s): Allyl cyclohexyloxyacetate." Found 11/03/02.
2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl- .05 106-25-2 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Aldrich)
Phenol, 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl- .05 128-37-0 Irritant, cancer suspect agent, may cause reproductive/fetal effects The chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Aldrich) (Fisher)
Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act with "Submitter Name(s): 2,6-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol; 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol; Phenol, 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl-." http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A12/T5974.htm
Listed: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. as "p-Cresol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-."
Benzaldehyde, 4-methoxy- .04 123-11-5 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Aldrich) (Fisher)
Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act with "Former CAS Number(s): 26249-15-0; 68894-36-0." http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A11/T5332.htm
Listed: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. as "p-Anisaldehyde."
Benzenemethanol .04 100-51-6 Irritant, skin sensitizer, CNS effect, harmful by all routes of exposure. (Aldrich) (Fisher)
Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act with "Former CAS Number(s): 1336-27-2; 185532-71-2." http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A2/T935.htm
Listed: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. as "Benzyl alcohol."
1,3,6-Octatriene, 3,7-dimethyl- .04 29714-87-2 The chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Aldrich)
Listed: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. as "Octatriene, dimethyl-."
Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ethyl ester .02 118-61-6 Irritant. The chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. (Aldrich) (Fisher)
Listed: Toxic Substances Control Act http://msds.pdc.cornell.edu/TSCA/A8/T3986.htm
Listed: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. as "Salicylic acid, ethyl ester."
E-mail the FDA regarding toxic chemicals in fragrances and the need for enforced warning labels, in respect of the public's right to know, by referencing Docket Number 99P-1340
fdadockets@oc.fda.gov
Updated 11/03/02 with links to TSCA and RTECS
Background: TSCA -- Toxic Substance Control Act, as amended
By ChemAlliance.org
"... A major objective of TSCA is to characterize and evaluate the risks posed by a chemical to humans and the environment before the chemical is introduced into commerce. TSCA accomplishes this through the requirement that manufacturers perform various kinds of health and environmental testing, use quality control in their production processes, and notify EPA of information they gain on possible adverse health effects from use of their products. Under TSCA, "manufacturing" is defined to include "importing", and thus all requirements applicable to manufacturers apply to importers as well.
"EPA has authority to ban the manufacture or distribution in commerce, limit the use, require labeling, or place other restrictions on chemicals that pose unreasonable risks. Among the chemicals EPA regulates under TSCA are asbestos, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). ..." http://www.chemalliance.org/Handbook/background/back-tsca.asp
Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS�)
By Thomson Dialog
"The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS�) is a comprehensive database of basic toxicity information for over 100,000 chemical substances including: prescription and non-prescription drugs, food additives, pesticides, fungicides, herbicides, solvents, diluents, chemical wastes, reaction products of chemical waste, and substances used in both industrial and household situations. Reports of the toxic effects of each compound are cited. In addition to toxic effects and general toxicology reviews, data on skin and/or eye irritation, mutation, reproductive consequences and tumorigenicity are provided. Federal standards and regulations, NIOSH recommended exposure limits and information on the activities of the EPA, NIOSH, NTP, and OSHA regarding the substance are also included. The toxic effects are linked to literature citations from both published and unpublished governmental reports, and published articles from the scientific literature. The database corresponds to the print version of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, formerly known as the Toxic Substances List started in 1971, and is prepared by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
"Toxicity information appearing in RTECS is derived form reports of acute, chronic, lethal and non-lethal effects of chemical substances. The reviewed information from the scientific literature and published governmental reports plus unpublished test data from the EPA TSCA test submissions database (TSCATS) are included in the file. "
http://library.dialog.com/bluesheets/html/bl0336.html
Return to top of Analysis Summary table.
Return to EHN's FDA Petition Index
(http://www.ehnca.org/www/FDApetition/bkgrinfo.htm#Petitioning)
Return to Petition Contact Info so you, too, can write to the FDA
(http://ehnca.org/www/FDApetition/bkgrinfo.htm#communication)
Return to Analysis Forward
(http://www.ehnca.org/www/FDApetition/analyfor.htm)
Complementary information:
Neurotoxin Concerns, Controversy Escalate
By Elizabeth Pennisi
The Scientist 4[3]:1, Feb. 05, 1990
"Scientists are realizing that substances in the environment
can have devastating effects on the human nervous system"
"... Those substances are everywhere: organic solvents
in the workplace, chemicals in perfumes, pesticides used on
lawns, natural and added chemicals in foods, or prescribed or
illegal drugs. The brain is the body's kingpyn organ; yet,
once damaged or destroyed, nerve cells cannot be replaced.
Already, the congressional Office of Technology Assessment
(OTA) estimates that the care and treatment of neurological
disorders and accompanying loss of productivity can cost the
U.S. as much as $300 billion a year. No one knows how much
neurotoxins contribute to that cost. The longer we live, the
more evident the damage, and the more burdened the health care
system will become to people with behavioral, mental, and
neurological problems. "The measure of the problem is huge,"
says Spencer. {Peter Spencer, director and senior scientist at
the Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental
Toxicology at the Oregon Health Sciences University in Portland} ..."
http://www.the-scientist.com/yr1990/feb/pennisi_p1_900205.html
"Multiple Chemical Sensitivities (MCS): What It Is, What It Is Not, And How It Is Manifested"
By Shelia Bastien, PhD; © July 20, 1995
http://ehnca.org/www/newreact/sbastien.htm
"Acute toxic effects of fragrance products." By Rosalind C. Anderson, Julius H. Anderson, Anderson Laboratories
Archives of Environmental Health; March-April, 1998
1999 - EHN's FDA Citizens' Petition, Docket Number 99P-1340
http://www.ehnca.org/www/FDApetition/bkgrinfo.htm
2000 - GreenPeace UK
The Chemical Home - PERFUME
http://www.greenpeace.org.uk/Products/Toxics/chemicalhouse.cfm?producttypeid=5
2001 - Safe Notification and Information for Fragrances Act (SNIFF)
Spend a little extra energy to write to your representative and ask her/him to co-sponsor Rep. Jan Schakowsky's bill HR 1947, Safe Notification and Information for Fragrances Act (SNIFF), introduced in the House, May 22, 2001. SNIFF is co-sponsored by Rep. Shelley Berkley (D NV) on May 22,2001 and by Rep. Chaka Fattah (D-PA) on July 18, 2001. Also, write to your state senators and ask them to introduce a similar bill in the Senate.
http://ehnca.org/www/ehnlinx/s.htm#SNIFF
You can follow this bill through THOMAS Legislative Information on the Internet at http://thomas.loc.gov/home/thomas.html..Key in HR 1947 in the box labeled "By Bill Number" and click the search button. (This number changes from one Congress to the next.)
If you don't have contact info for your representative or senators, visit EHN's WriteNow! at http://ehnca.org/www/ehnhompg/writenow.htm#Government, or the House at http://www.house.gov/ and the Senate at http://www.senate.gov/
It is reportedly better to write your representatives and senators via snail mail ... too much spam on the net. Their mailing addresses can be found via the links above. NOTE: Following the anthrax poisonings of fall 2001, it may be better to e-mail your senators and representatives.
Early 2000s, but not sure of date . . .
US Department of the Interior
"Traditional Versus 'Green' Cleaning Products"
Among other really good points, you'll find:
"Must not contain petrochemical-derived fragrances."
http://www.doi.gov/greening/sustain/trad.html
Feb. 6, 2002 -- "Scents and sensitivities
What to know before buying a Valentine*s Day perfume"
By Francesca Lyman; MSNBC CONTRIBUTOR
And, I might add, Mother's Day or Father's Day perfume, et al. In this article, the industry admits it has begun the first study to test fragrances for effects upon inhalation and for systemic effects . . . as it also claims it always thoroughly tests before marketing.
Mirrored for you through the kind permission of Ms. Lyman and MSNBC. -- barb
http://ehnca.org/www/FDApetition/flscents.htm
Had been at: http://www.msnbc.com/news/702445.asp
July 10, 2002--Not Too Pretty
A report on phthalates, including information about their effect on developing male fetuses. This is a MUST read. -- barb
http://www.NotTooPretty.org
September - October 2002 -- Fragrance: emerging health and environmental concerns
Betty Bridges; 361-371
Abstract PDF Full Text (Size: 125K)
Published Online: 16 Apr 2002
DOI 10.1002/ffj.1106
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/issuetoc?ID=93513907
Available on Betty's siteFPIN
http://www.fpinva.org/FragranceReview.htm
Feb. 12, 2003 -- "What the nose knows"
"Think Twice before buying a loved one perfume, cologne"
By Francesca Lyman, MSNBC CONTRIBUTOR
http://www.msnbc.com/news/871197.asp
October 2003 -- DEHP (a phthalate) now on California's Prop. 65 list
of carcinogens and reproductive toxins
http://www.oehha.ca.gov/prop65/CRNR_notices/list_changes/6Ddehpnot.html
More info about DEHP --
National Library of Medicine's Tox Town
Chemical: Phthalates ...
" What are phthalates?
"Phthalates are a group of chemicals used to soften and increase the flexibility of plastic
and vinyl. They are used in hundreds of consumer products.
"Phthalates are used in cosmetics and personal care products, including perfume, hair
spray, soap, shampoo, nail polish, and skin moisturizers. They are used in consumer
products such as flexible plastic and vinyl toys, shower curtains, wallpaper, vinyl
miniblinds, food packaging, and plastic wrap.
"Phthalates are also used in wood finishes, detergents, adhesives, plastic plumbing pipes,
lubricants, medical tubing and fluid bags, solvents, insecticides, medical devices,
building materials, and vinyl flooring.
"Phthalates had been used to make pacifiers, soft rattles, and teethers, but at the request of
the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, U.S. manufacturers have not used
phthalates in those products since 1999. ..."
http://toxtown.nlm.nih.gov/text_version/chemical/phthalates.html
DEHP Articles appearing in the San Francisco Chronicle and the Oakland Tribune
Cal-EPA to pass rule on chemical used in plastics
Agent found in hospitals, toys, may cause birth defects
Jane Kay, Chronicle Environment Writer
Tuesday, October 21, 2003; �2003 San Francisco Chronicle
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2003/10/21/MNGCE2FSE81.DTL
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2003/10/21/MNGCE2FSE81.DTL&type=printable
Compound in plastic deemed toxic
By Douglas Fischer
Oakland Tribune STAFF WRITER; Friday, October 24, 2003
"...Softeners such as DEHP are found in everything from water bottles to nail polish to
shower curtains. DEHP alone is found in dozens of consumer products, from toys to
perfume -- including, as some health advocates note, Christian Dior's 'Poison.' ..."
http://www.oaklandtribune.com/Stories/0,1413,82~1865~1720366,00.html
http://www.oaklandtribune.com/cda/article/print/0,1674,82%257E1865%257E1720366,00.html
EWG files petition with FDA: SKIN DEEP -- June 4, 2004
I'd add: . . . And BEYOND!, for these chemicals go into your body via absorption and inhalation.
Fragrances adversely affect user and nonuser, who really is an nonconsenting secondhand user. -- barb
http://www.ewg.org/reports/skindeep/report/executive_summary.php
http://www.ewg.org/reports/skindeep/report/executive_summary.php?print_version=1
EWG's Fragrance/Perfume/Cologne Products
http://www.ewg.org/reports/skindeep/listproducts.php?ewg_cat=Fragrance/Perfume/Cologne
EWG's Health concerns for Fragrance/Perfume/Cologne
http://www.ewg.org/reports/skindeep/healtheffectbycategory.php?ewg_cat=Fragrance/Perfume/Cologne
2005 - Radio DJ wins $10.6 million in stink over perfume
http://www.detnews.com/2005/business/0505/24/A01-191461.htm
Yet, in July 2005, the Dept of Justice and the EEOC were not aware of this important perfume
poisoning case, which is so like my own. Read ADA Update: 15 Years Later July 19, 2005. . .
ADA Update: 15 Years Later July 19, 2005
John Wodatch, Chief-Disability Rights Section, U.S. Department of Justice;
Sharon Rennert, Attorney Advisor, U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
"... Weber's lawyer, Raymond Sterling, said his client doesn't have problems with
"natural smells" but does with the chemical basis of the perfume -- a fact he says was
confirmed by three doctors at the weeklong civil trial.
..." http://www.adagreatlakes.org/ProgramsAndServices/AudioConferencing/Archives/FY2005/default.asp?Category=5&Session=10
For more information please see EHN's section, Fragrance Info at
http://ehnca.org/www/ehnlinx/f.htm#Fragrance
Oh, What A Goose . . .
The unwary consumer of fragrance products is the goose who has been laying the golden eggs for the industry . . . As I see it, like Aesop's Fable, the story is one of greed. The industry has envisioned expanding and expanding, pumping fragrances throughout hotels, stores, workplaces, permeating paper and cloth, ad nauseam, raking in multibillion dollars upon multibillion dollars. Unlike the story in Aesop's Fable, it isn't only the goose who lays the golden eggs who gets done in, as . . .
. . . We ALL are stakeholders when it comes to breathing!
-- barb
Comments? Please put WWW in subject line. Thanks.
As with all organizations, EHN depends upon your contributions of time and energy,
as well as your membership support.
Return to EHN's homepage (http://www.ehnca.org)
Installed 6/21/02
The Environmental Health Network (EHN) [of California] is a 501 (c) (3) non profit agency and offers support and information for the chemically injured. FDA Petition, analysis of Calvin Klein's Eternity. URL http://www.ehnca.org/www/FDApetition/analysis.htm


text:
Q: Manipulating ActiveRecords using only a few attributes with Ruby on Rails For caching matters, I'm caching an array of the attributes of the objects I need:
friends = [{:id => 4, :name => "Kevin"}, {:id => 12, :name => "Martin"}, …]

Is it possible to have a list of Users using this array, so that I can use Ruby methods? For instance, I usually get a list of non-friends with this:
non_friends = User.all - current_user.friends

Here, current_user.friends would be replaced by the cached array, only with the cached attributes:
friends = [
    #<User id: 4, name: "Kevin", created_at: nil, updated_at: nil, email: nil>,
    #<User id: 12, name: "Martin", created_at: nil, updated_at: nil, email: nil>,
    …
]

Is it possible? Is it a good approach to caching? (a big list of ActiveRecords doesn't fit into a 1MB Memcache chunk.)
Thank you,
Kevin
edit: The idea behind this is to use a sorted/processed list of 2000 ActiveRecords around which my app heavily uses, but since it doesn't fit into a Memcache chunk, I'm trying to cache the interesting attributes only as an array. Now, how can I use this array like it was an ActiveRecord array?

A: Well, you can just cache the User IDs and then exclude these IDs in your finder conditions. In your example, assuming you have a friends array of hashes containing ids and names:
friend_ids = friends.map{ |f| f[:id] }
if friend_ids.empty?
  non_friends = User.all
else
  non_friends = User.all(:conditions => ['id NOT IN (?)', current_user.friend_ids])
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
La erupción del volcán de Fuego de 1974 fueron una serie de importantes eventos telúricos que afectaron a ese estratovolcán y a los departamentos de Sacatepéquez, Escuintla, Chimaltenango y Retalhuleu en Guatemala desde el 15 de octubre de 1974.  Los daños económicos fueron altos, ya que se dañaron grandes áreas de cultivo de café, plátano y sésamo.

Reseña histórica

Ciclo eruptivo

La actividad sísmica se inició el 15 de octubre de 1974 cuando los pobladores de las comunidades situadas en las faldas del volcán reportaron que a las 2:00 a. m. se registró un temblor seguido de estruendos y lluvia de ceniza que impidió que el sol iluminara los poblados de Tiquisate, Retalhuleu, Champerico, San José La Máquina y San Pedro Yepocapa cuando amaneció unas horas más tarde, lo que obligó al gobierno del general Kjell Eugenio Laugerud García a evacuar a los habitantes.  Muchos de los evacuados se lamentaron por la pérdida de todas sus pertenencias, especialmente de los animales domésticos que criaban para consumo familiar y mientras que la ceniza alcanzaba lugares tan alejados como los estados mexicanos de Chiapas y Oaxaca, al punto que las autoridades mexicanas estaban en estado de alerta por la intensidad de las ráfagas de ceniza que los alcanzaban.

Uno de los poblados más afectados fue San Pedro Yepocapa, el cual quedó parcialmente sepultados por la arena que expulsó el volcán tras cuatro días de intensa erupción; aproximadamente mil cien vecinos de la finca Morelia y anexos fueron trasladados al hipódromo de Santa Lucía Cotzumalguapa, Escuintla o a albergues temporales en Patulul, Suchitepéquez.  En el parcelamiento La Máquina, Retalhuleu, los pequeños agricultores perdieron casi toda su cosecha, quedan prácticamente desamparado porque sus cultivos murieron bajo la lluvia de ceniza del volcán, mientras que las grandes plantaciones de café reportaron pérdidas considerables ya que la arena que cayó provocó la caída del grano.  Una situación similar ocurrió en Coatepeque.

Por su parte, los departamentos del norte del país reportaron que el cielo se observaba con un color rojizo debido a la caída de arena; tras cuatro días de erupción, cuando se creía que el volcán se había calmado, por la noche se detectaron nuevos retumbos y la expulsión de lava y fuego se reinició. Ese tercer embate duró varias horas y lanzó arena al norte del país, pues las corrientes de aire corrían de sur a norte, como pocas veces sucede en Guatemal; algunos de los departamentos situados al norte del Volcán de Fuego reportaron lugares en que una capa de arena fina cubría carreteras, caminos, calles y techos.

Recuperación de los poblados afectados

El directorio de la Democracia Cristiana Guatemalteca —DCG—, que entonces era el principal partido de oposición luego de haber perdido fraudulentamente las Elecciones generales de Guatemala de 1974, solicitó a los alcaldes que colaboraran con las municipalidades de San Pedro Yepocapa y Acatenango, que prácticamente fueron destruidos por el volcán y cuyos alcaldes pertenecían a la DCG.  La ayuda empezó el 24 de octubre de 1974, cuando cesó la erupción, con maquinaria de la Dirección General de Caminos que fue enviada a varios poblados para limpiar la ceniza y la arena; el proceso de recuperación tardó un poco más de tres mes, pues en los lugares mencionados, la capa de arena volcánica alcanzó un metro de espesor.
También fueron dañados las personas de dichos departamentos, por lo que sufrieron de traumas psicológicas de esta manera tener el mayor cuidado posible especialmente los que sufre de enfermedades.

Véase también

 Historia de Guatemala
 Erupción del volcán de Fuego de 2012
 Erupción del volcán de Fuego de 2015
 Erupción del volcán de Fuego de 2018

Notas y referencias

Referencias

Bibliografía

Guatemala en 1974
1974

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Finished Size : 14" × 40"
Although it may look quite complex, this colorful Braided Table Runner by designer Daisy Aschehoug uses a simple, Log Cabin-style construction method to create the dramatic braided center. Offset by a complimentary background fabric and simple straight-line quilting, the intricate-looking braid creates a scene-stealing design element that will get your dinner or brunch guests talking.
The fat quarter-friendly Braided Table Runner is also easy-to-customize for any aesthetic, from modern to traditional, depending on the fabrics or prints you choose to use. This versatility lets you personalize the pattern for any color scheme, whether you are making the runner for your home or as a special gift for someone else.
But regardless of the fabrics you decide to include, the finished 14″ × 40″ Braided Table Runner makes a gorgeous centerpiece that will dress up any table or occasion—from a casual gathering with friends to a festive holiday meal. And thanks to the timeless style, you will be able to use the runner for years to come. You'll be thankful you made it!
Get the Braided Table Runner pattern as well as 22 other quilt and home décor projects for every room in your house when you order a copy of Modern Patchwork Home or download the eBook today to get started right away.


text:
La commanderie de Sallebruneau se situe dans le département de la Gironde à une quarantaine de kilomètres au sud-est de Bordeaux, dans la région de l'Entre-deux-Mers, sur la commune de Frontenac.

Description
La chapelle Saint-Jean et des fortifications sont du , remaniées au . L'ensemble est placé sur une motte féodale. L'édifice est inscrit en totalité au titre des monuments historiques par arrêté du . L'été, des spectacles ont lieu sur ce site, et des travaux de restauration devraient permettre un plus large accueil. Ainsi y a-t-il des chantiers de sauvegarde et de restauration, des stages de bénévoles (taille de pierre, jointoiement, relevés), et des visites guidées du site.

Historique
La commanderie fut fondée en 1214 par les Templiers, . En 1280, le commandeur est le chevalier Jean de Greilly, seigneur de Benauges et de Castillon, qui s'engage cette année-là à faire don à sa mort de la commanderie aux Hospitaliers de l'ordre de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem. Cependant, sans attendre cette échéance, le don est effectif et validé dans une Charte de 1297, Jean de Greilly cède de son plein gré la juridiction de Sallebruneau à son ami Guillaume de Villaret, devenu alors grand maître de l'Ordre. Puis en 1477, la circonscription de Sallebruneau fut rattachée à celle de Bordeaux, afin de la protéger des tentatives de récupérations par la force, par les seigneurs de Rauzan, alors hostiles aux chevaliers de Saint-Jean. Cette rivalité s'étendra sur plusieurs décennies. Puis les terres de Sallebruneau furent dévastées lors des Guerres de Religion, et le château mis en ruines.

Commandeurs de Sallebruneau

Possessions
La commanderie comportait une église, un château, et un jardin de plantes médicinales.
Elle s'accrut progressivement par différents dons des seigneurs du voisinage : la terre de Buxs en 1280, le moulin de Frontenac et le territoire de la Motte-Lucran en 1283. Dépendaient également de Sallebruneau la seigneurie spirituelle de Buch et de Mauriac, ainsi que des fiefs situés à Aubèze, Frontenac et Saint-Léger.

L'église
Une nef unique de forme rectangulaire séparée du chœur par une arche tombant sur des colonnettes. Il ne reste de celles-ci que les extrémités (bases et chapiteaux). Le chevet est plat et comporte trois fenêtres de plein cintre qui apportaient la lumière dans le chœur. Il est appuyé sur trois contreforts, celui du milieu étant dans l'axe et recevant donc la fenêtre centrale. Le clocher pignon comporte deux baies de grande largeur. Cette église a été utilisée au  comme église paroissiale.

Le château
Il est appuyé à la chapelle et possède à peu près les mêmes dimensions que celle-ci. Sa principale caractéristique réside dans la tour carrée située au nord-ouest. Elle comportait deux étages avec des archères cruciformes comprises dans le système de défense de la commanderie. Au rez-de-chaussée, on aperçoit une petite pièce voûtée qui servait vraisemblablement de geôle.

Le jardin de plantes médicinales
Le jardin a été reconstitué à l'arrière de l'édifice.

Galerie

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Sources
 ,
 ,

Articles connexes
 Liste des commanderies templières en Aquitaine
 Commanderie hospitalière

Liens externes

 Site de l'Association Recherches Archéologiques Girondines
 Quelques photographies du lieu (probablement non libres) sur ce site

Bibliographie
 Jean-Luce Aubarbier et Michel Binet, Les sites templiers de France, Éditions Ouest-France, 1997
Sylvie Faravel, « La commanderie hospitalière de Sallebruneau (Gironde) des origines à 1550 », dans Frontenac, Bordeaux : L'Aspect, CRDP, 1997, .
 Aquitaine Historique, , « Histoire de la Commanderie Hospitalière de Sallebruneau (Commune de Frontenac, 33). Des origines à la Guerre de Cent Ans ( partie) » et , « Histoire de la Commanderie Hospitalière de Sallebruneau (Commune de Frontenac, 33). Des origines à la Guerre de Cent Ans ( partie) » (Voir ici)

Sallebruneau
Monument historique en Gironde
Monument historique inscrit en 1987
Sallebruneau
Patrimoine architectural de l'Entre-deux-Mers
Sallebruneau


Please click here to find out more about her.
Reiki treats the whole person including body, emotions, mind and spirit creating many beneficial effects that include relaxation and feelings of peace, security and well-being.
and may be purchased through the store.
unless class is cancelled by instructor.
Part 1: (first night) – this is also offered as an introductory class for $10.
We discuss in depth what Reiki is, its history, the Reiki Principles and how Reiki works.
You will receive the Reiki I attunement. You will learn the basic hand positions for healing yourself and others.
An opportunity to use what you have learned - to both give and receive a full Reiki treatment. Class cost is sliding scale from $75 ~ $125 with certificate. Includes Hand Outs.
You will receive the Reiki II attunement and learn to work with three Sacred Reiki symbols. These symbols enable you to send distance Reiki, do clearing and cleansing, increase your energy work to heal more deeply on the emotional level and so much more. We will discuss the chakra system and how to use Reiki for balancing. We will discuss and journey to meet your Reiki guides. Class cost is sliding scale from $150 ~ $200 with certificate. Includes Manual.
Prerequisite: Reiki II, and an in depth experience in using Reiki healing. You will be expected to show full knowledge of Reiki I & II.
Class size: limited to 3 students.
This class is offered for those who have the desire to teach and pass attunements. Includes Master Attunement, advanced healing techniques, emotional clearing techniques, and manual with full descriptions about passing attunements and initiations. Class cost is sliding scale from $350 ~ $400 with certificate.
All three classes over the course of a year. You will be expected to learn all course materials and to be actively working with Reiki before continuing to higher levels. Requires interview before acceptance. If paid in advance $500.
Are possible, but require community service and/or assistance with teaching future classes. Please inquire for more information.
Certificates may be accepted from other teachers, however, you will be required to sit in on classes for previous levels taken.
Once you have taken classes with Rev. Alicia Freeman, you may retake Reiki classes at any time in the future should you wish to join us - at no charge.


text:
Dutch Mariners on the West Coast - Part 2
AN ARTICLE FROM OUR FRIENDS AT HAVE-A-GO-NEWS
The Dutch mariners… Hartog lands on the west coast…
You will recall from our last article in Have a Go News that Dirk Hartog and some members of the Een-dracht had just ventured ashore at the northern tip of what we now know as Dirk Hartog Island.
These first steps to investigate this unknown island created history, for their footprints would be the first of any Europeans to set foot on the most western point of Terra Australis Incognita.
In many ways this discovery, like many before, was due to good for-tune rather than design. For if the Eendracht had sailed a course 10 nautical miles further to the west then it is most likely that no land would have been seen, and Hartog and his crew would simply have continued on to the East Indies.
Hartog knew that this land upon which he had set foot was as yet unrecorded on any previous maps. And so the decision he made was to leave evidence of his visit for future mariners. A pewter dinner plate was flattened and engraved onto it the details of their visit.
Translating from Dutch the words read…
1616 the 25 October is here arrived the ship Eendraght of Amsterdam the upper merchant Gil-lis Miebais of Liege, skipper Dirck Hatichs of Amsterdam. The 27 ditto set sail for Bantum the under-merchant Jan Stins, the first master Pieter Dookes van Bil. Anno 1616.
And with those words and the fixing of the plate to an oak post, which was then set firmly in a rock fissure in the cliffs above the bay where the Eendracht laid at anchor, another piece was added to the evolving story of this, the Great South Land.
After two days of exploring the island, the Eendracht pulled anchor on 27 October to continue her journey northwards to the East Indies. The course chosen kept her close to the coast so that the land could be charted. In all, 225 nautical miles was covered before the Eendracht reached what we know today as North West Cape, a point at which the coastline disappeared as it swept away to the north east.
It was now time for Hartog and his crew to call it a day on their exploration. Their primary purpose was of a commercial nature, and that meant getting on their way to the East Indies where cargo awaited their arrival.
This coastline was given the name Eendrachtsland… the name that remained in place until Abel Tasman appeared on the scene in the early 1640s.
So the Dutch story will continue in the next edition of Have a Go News.
© www.sharkbay.org.au
Hartog's plate

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Do you find items piling up in your house? Need to make way for the new by storing away the old? Cupboards already bursting at the seams? With price per square metre of homes at a (lets face it, constant) high, you don't want to be paying out for lots of cupboard space. The solution? Being clever with storage. Be smart and savvy when purchasing furniture and make sure that bulky items come with added storage space.


Fossil Inc., whose watches are sold in more than 90 countries, has acquired Tempus International Corp. for about US$50 million in cash. Tempus manufactures, markets, and distributes the MW and MW Michele watch brands. The deal was completed in April.
Jack Barouh remains president of Tempus, which he founded and which has offices in Miami, Fla., and Geneva, Switzerland.
Michele Watches was launched as a sophisticated fashion watch brand in the United States in 2000 and named for Barouh's daughter, who now serves as marketing manager for the brand. The watches are sold through independent fine jewelers, luxury department stores such as Neiman Marcus and Saks Fifth Avenue, and other specialty retailers.
Fossil produces its own Fossil, Relic, and Zodiac brands as well as licensed brands for a number of fashion names including Emporio Armani, DKNY, Diesel, and Burberry. The company also makes small leather goods, belts, handbags, and sunglasses under the Fossil and Relic names; jewelry under the Fossil and Emporio Armani brands; and Fossil apparel. Its products are sold in jewelry and other retail specialty stores, in department stores, and on Fossil's Web site.
In a related story, Michael Kors, a leading U.S. fashion designer of luxury sportswear, announced in April that his company has made a license agreement with Fossil to design, develop, and distribute a line of women's and men's timepieces under the MICHAEL Michael Kors label. The watches—in classic, fashion, and sport styles, priced from $75 to $250—will debut this fall in conjunction with the launch of the MICHAEL Michael Kors men's and women's fragrances and accessories collections.


Would you like to gain a well-recognised qualification which will demonstrate an excellent level of skill and knowledge in your chosen subject? Look no further than this Yoga course!
This excellent Yoga course will allow learners to take up the practice of yoga, a form of exercise which has long been known to aid flexibility, muscle strength and tone, ab strength, and posture. In addition, yoga is a fantastic way to relax, as it promotes relaxation, mindfulness, and greater awareness. This Yoga course is taught by an expert instructor, and will guide you through the practice of yoga in a way which is easy to understand and no nonsense. During this course, learners will begin by undertaking basic yoga poses, and will then build up to advanced level, so you can build practical knowledge and skills slowly. You'll come away feeling better, and with a new set of skills to take with you!
Successful learners will be awarded a Yoga certificate.
Fill out your details to find out more about Yoga.


Energy efficiency is a goal we should all have in the new year. There's a way to keep using your HVAC system and maintain your comfort level at the same time you increase your energy efficiency. The key is HVAC system add-ons. Here's the one thing you need to know about them.
Humidifiers and dehumidifiers: in the winter a humidifier will raise the relative humidity in your home. This will make the air feel warmer, so you don't have to use as much heat to be comfortable. In the summer a dehumidifier will do the opposite. You'll use less energy throughout the year with these add-ons.
Air filtration systems: an air filtration system will help improve the indoor air quality in your home. Cleaner air in your home is going to mean a more effective and efficient HVAC system. When fewer air pollutants circulate through your home, you'll use less energy for the system to do the same work.
Smart thermostat: one of the best ways to increase the energy efficiency of your HVAC system is with a smart thermostat. It will give you more control over the temperatures in your home as well as your energy use.
You do have some control over how much energy you use. Contact the team at Morelli to find out more about increasing your energy efficiency with the right HVAC add-ons.


text:
Public Hearings on South Downtown and Multifamily Legislations
November 3, 2010 by SDCI Community Engagement
The City Council's Committee on the Built Environment will hold two public hearings to take comments on two proposals: 1) South Downtown legislation; and 2) Amendments to lowrise zoning and establishing a design review process for townhouses.
TIME CORRECTION: The hearings are on November 22, 2010. The hearing for South Downtown will be first at 5:30 p.m. and the hearing on the lowrise and design review proposals will immediately follow. The hearings will be held in:
The Wing Luke Museum Auditorium
719 S. King Street
For those who wish to testify, sign-up sheets will be available outside the auditorium at 5:00 p.m.
Questions concerning the public hearing may be directed to Dan Nolte in Councilmember Sally Clark's office, by calling (206) 684-8802 or via e-mail at: dan.nolte@seattle.gov.
Print and communications access is provided on prior request. Please contact Dan Nolte at (206) 684-8802 as soon as possible to request accommodations for a disability.
Written Comments
Written comments on the proposal will be accepted through 5:00 p.m. November 21. Please send comments to Dan Nolte in Councilmember Sally Clark's office via e-mail at: dan.nolte@seattle.gov, or to:
Councilmember Sally Clark
Legislative Department
600 Fourth Avenue Floor 2
South Downtown Legislation
The Seattle City Council is reviewing a proposal from DPD to make changes to the City's Land Use Code that, if adopted, would change the zoning and related provisions in areas in South Downtown including areas around Pioneer Square, the Stadium District, the northern edge of the Greater Duwamish Manufacturing / Industrial Center, Chinatown / International District, and areas east of Interstate 5 within the Downtown Urban Center.
The proposed legislation would create new zone classifications; modify development regulations; enact and amend affordable housing incentive programs, height and density bonuses, and transfer of development capacity provisions; and rezone areas within South Downtown. The bill is intended to accomplish the following:
Stimulate creation of housing and jobs through changes to land use regulations
Respect neighborhood plans and neighborhood character, including historic resources
Promote an integrated mix of uses
Support connections between neighborhoods
Encourage economic vitality and environmental sustainability
Accommodate regional services and help align them with local community goals
Lowrise Zoning Amendments and Streamlined Design Review for Townhouses
This legislation would amend the Land Use Code, State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) ordinance, and Tree Regulations to update the regulations for lowrise multifamily zones. The Council published a draft proposal amending lowrise zones and related regulations in April 2010, and is now recommending revisions to that proposal in response to public comments. The Council is especially interested in comments on the revisions to the proposal.
One of the revisions is to establish a new streamlined design review (SDR) process. The SDR process would be required for townhouse developments with three or more units and for projects with an exceptional tree located on the site for which design review is not otherwise required. It would also be an option for: 1) other multifamily projects in lowrise zones; and 2) commercial and multifamily projects for which the applicant wishes to protect large tree(s), if design review is not already required.
The recommendations to change the lowrise zoning regulations apply only to land that is currently zoned for lowrise multifamily development. No single family zoned areas are proposed to be rezoned. While lowrise zones are proposed to be consolidated and renamed, no other remapping is proposed.
The proposal continues to include code amendments that would apply to more than just lowrise multifamily zones, such as changing the method for measuring building height and the space requirements for storage of garbage and recycling containers.
Copies of the proposals may be obtained at the DPD Public Resource Center, 700 5th Avenue, Suite 2000 in the Seattle Municipal Tower. The Public Resource Center is open 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, and 10:30 a.m. to 4 p.m. on Tuesday and Thursday. Questions regarding the proposed amendments may be directed to Rebecca Herzfeld at (206) 684-8148 or via email at rebecca.herzfeld@seattle.gov or Michael Jenkins at (206) 615-1674 or via email at michael.jenkins@seattle.gov.
Documents are also available at the DPD Multifamily Code Update, and the City Council websites at these links: www.seattle.gov/DPD/Planning/Multifamily_Code_Update/Overview/
http://seattle.gov/council/clark/2009townhomes-mcuvideos.htm


text:
How to stick to your New Year's fitness resolutions
The key is to be realistic, hold yourself accountable, make a plan and do it for your mental health.
Author: Ethan Magram
CHARLOTTE, N.C. — Charlotte-area gyms are no stranger to new faces in the new year, as new members join hoping to accomplish their fitness-themed New Year's resolutions. But those new faces hardly become familiar ones.
Research from the University of Scranton finds as many as 80% of Americans who set New Year's resolutions give them up before February. A survey from the online fitness platform Strava found most people ditch their resolutions two weeks into the new year, prompting the creation of Quitter's Day which falls on the second Friday of every New Year.
As Jan. 1 grows further away, health and fitness experts hope to motivate goal-setters to stay committed to their fitness resolutions.
"I think the most important thing we can do for ourselves is [to] take care of our body and exercise is a great way to do that," head exercise specialist at CoreLife Healthcare in Charlotte Dominique Harris said.
Experts say there are several ways people can keep themselves motivated to get fit, starting before even creating resolutions.
Health experts believe the key to keeping up with New Year's resolutions is setting realistic goals and realizing it may take more time than expected.
"We want to make it a lifestyle," Harris said. "We don't want it to be a short-term fix. Even though you put the weight on in three months, it's not going to take three months to take off."
Many experts recommend creating incremental and measurable goals, ones that can be tracked by reaching specific milestones.
"I don't want you to come in and say, 'Oh my gosh, I'm going to work out six days a week, and I'm going to go strong,'" Harris said. "Why don't we start with one day a week? Why don't we start with maybe 30 minutes a day? Start small, and then once you're kind of consistent. Then try to go from there."
Health professionals say smaller goals that lead to larger ones will give people reasons to stay motivated along their fitness journey.
Hold yourself accountable, have others do so too
At OrangeTheory Fitness, a workout studio chain with 17 locations in Charlotte, group exercise classes are the main focus. Trainers there say working out with an instructor and around others is a great way to make sure others are ensuring the goals set are kept in check.
"Our coaches are going to hold you accountable when you're in the studio," regional sales manager for OrangeTheory Fitness Jennifer Barrett said. "They're going to follow up with you if they don't see you in here to make sure they get you back in the doors and hold you accountable with your workout routine."
You can stream WCNC Charlotte on Roku and Amazon Fire TV, just download the free app.
Other experts agree having an accountability partner like a friend, family member or a trained professional can provide a motivating force.
"Set accountability maybe we have an accountability person to keep you in check," Harris said. "Maybe it's coming in to see an exercise specialist or see a personal trainer so we can be in tune with your goals and plans."
Professionals at CoreLife, an organization focused on using fitness and nutrition to treat medical issues, say creating a personalized plan is important for their patients tackling problems like obesity. They say planning is just as important for anyone hoping to accomplish their fitness goals and resolutions.
"My biggest piece of advice is to write a plan of attack," Harris said. "Say 'OK, before I go to the gym, this is the exercise I'm going to do, these are the machines I'm going to do,' so you're not walking around randomly."
The Mayo Clinic said when writing a fitness program, it's important for people to assess their fitness level and record baselines to measure their progress. The organization also said creating a balanced routine including both moderate and vigorous exercise every week can help a person lose weight and keep it off.
Don't just get physically fit, but mentally, too
While experts agree sticking to fitness goals is necessary for physical health, they also say it can be important for mental health, as well.
A 2018 UCLA study found people who exercise experience 40% fewer days with stress, depression or emotional concerns monthly than those who do not exercise. OrangeTheory Fitness staff said they see this impact all the time.
"The transformations we see from our members and our staff members just from getting in here and moving their body is beyond a number you can see on the scale," Barrett said. "It's important to invest in your overall health. It's not just the physical aspect."
Harris said exercise can be a good way to disconnect from and tune out the world. People should use it as a way to motivate themselves to stick to fitness goals and treat it as a time to focus on themselves. She recommended listening to a favorite podcast, listening to an audiobook or talking to a friend during workouts.
Harris said, most of all, working out should be enjoyable.
Gyms that survived pandemic steadily get back in shape
'Confluence of the pandemic and the hybrid workforce' | Demand for office space across the country is down
New Year's resolution to work out more? Skip the gym and stream Netflix instead


Bagot, Lewis a bishop of the Church of England, Was born in 1740. He was a son of Lord Bagot. After studying at the University of Oxford, he became a canon, and later, successively bishop of Bristol, Norwich, and St. Asaph. He died in 1802. He is the author of numerous theological works, the most important of which is Twelve Discourses on the Prophecies concerning the First Establishment and subsequent History of Christianity, preached at the Warburtonian Lecture, in Lincoln's Inn Chapel, 1780. — Allibone, Dictionary of Authors, 1:99; Hoefer, Biographie Generale, 4:168.


text:
Rural Studio is an off-campus design-build program of Auburn University. The program, established in 1993 by D.K. Ruth and Samuel Mockbee, gives architecture students a more hands-on educational experience while assisting an underserved population in West Alabama's Black Belt region. In its initial years, the Studio became known for establishing an ethos of recycling, reusing, and remaking. In 2001, after the passing of Samuel Mockbee, Andrew Freear succeeded him as director. Since that time, Rural Studio has expanded the scope and complexity of its projects, focusing largely on community-oriented work.
The Rural Studio philosophy suggests that everyone, both rich and poor, deserves the benefit of good design. To fulfill this ethic, the Studio has evolved towards more community-oriented projects. Projects have become multi-year, multi-phase efforts traveling across three counties. The students work within the community to define solutions, fundraise, design and, ultimately, build remarkable projects. The Studio continually questions what should be built, rather than what can be built, both for the performance and operation of the projects. To date, Rural Studio has built more than 200 projects and educated more than 1,000 "Citizen Architects."
Spanning more than 300 acres, Moundville Archaeological Park preserves the largest indigenous mound complex in the Southeast and the remains of a civi


text:
« 1890-01-10 New York Times editorial on Land Value Taxation: The Taxation Question | Main | The milk in our coconut »
The Landlord's Game: a 1911 LTE, likely from Lizzie Magie
Earlier this week, five of us, in Arden, sat down to play The Landlord's Game, for the first time. The next day, I went searching for more information in old newspapers, and found what I think is an anonymous letter from Lizzie Magie. It appeared in the Winnipeg Tribune on February 8, 1911, and was signed simply "Reader."
Voice of the People column
THE LANDLORD'S GAME.
To the Editor of The Tribune:
Sir, --- Some people are possessed of the idea that the franchise should not be given to womankind on the ground that she can't think or reason on political subjects as man can. Of course, this idea is an old relic of barbarism when it was considered that a wife was the "property" of the husband, just as his ox or mule was "property." At that time women were considered as the cause of all the evil in the world and out of the reach of salvation, but a better day is dawning. Women are affected more by bad "economic" condition than men are, and hence many are beginning to think along these lines, and it is surprising how correct their ideas are once they get a subject under consideration.
For example, before us is the landlord's game, invented and patented by a young woman of Chicago, a Miss Magie. She was a stenographer by profession, but could not but see the horribly unjust conditions that surround us, and, by careful consideration discovered that it was the result of the game being played on us by landlords. So, in order to popularize the study of the land question, she invented a parlor game, something like checkers, and called it the "Landlord's Game.
There are no stops for refreshments when playing it. It combines all the features of the standard chance and skill games.
It is played on a board about 18 inches square, divided into forty-two spaces which represent many of the various institutions of modern life. The names of some of the spaces are: Slambang Trolley, Soakum Lighting System, Gee Whiz Railroad, P. D. Q. R. R., Lord Blueblood's Estate, D. F. Hogg's Game Preserves, Wayback, Boomtown, Easy Street, Fairhope Avenue, Jail, Poor House, and other "signs" of civilization.
The play starts by a throw of dice which indicates the moves of the players and from that time on the deals between individuals, corporations and governments are entered into with vim and interest. At the start the players are about equally equipped, but as the moves continue one or another of the players gets the advantage over others.
The principal feature of the game is the buying, selling and renting of land. It contains all the element of success and failure in real life and the object is the same as the human race in general seem to have, i.e., the accumulating of wealth without earning it. Money, land title and franchise charters are used in the game. Lots are bought and sold, rents collected, money is borrowed, interest and taxes are paid.
There are two spaces on the board that represent land held out of use --- land that is neither for rent nor for sale --- each of which has a sign "no trespassing, go to jail." One of these tracts of land is "owned" by Lord Blueblood of London, Eng., and represents "foreign" ownership of the soil. A jail is kindly provided for anyone who trespasses on this land, and these unfortunates must serve their time and pay fines.
Should any player be so unlucky or so reckless or extravagant as to become "broke," there is a nice little poorhouse off in one corner where he may tarry until he makes a lucky throw or until some friend takes pity on him and lends him enough to set him on his feet again. And here is where he generally gets soaked, for the other players, as is often the case in real life, taking advantage of the unfortunate one's necessities, demand an enormous rate of interest for the use of their money, which the impecunious individual must promise to pay before he can complete his round and get his wages. The railing and chafing at the others when one player finds himself "in jail" and the expressions of "mock sympathy" and condolence when one is obliged to go to the poor house, is a "merry feature" of the game.
Bidding for lots as they become "for sale" is also a very interesting feature of the game and a good illustration of how prices are made and regulated by supply and demand.
The board contains two spaces marked "Chance" and when a player stops on one of these he draws a "chance" card and may get anything from a little yellow dog up to a hundred dollar bill. Again, he may get caught robbing a hen roost and he is put in jail, or he may get caught robbing the public and be elevated to the senate.
There is one space marked "luxury" that only the rich can afford, although sometimes a player will spend his last dollar and will even borrow money in order to buy this luxury.
"Stock-jobbing" is also represented and players who speculate "win and lose" as usual, but the stock-jobber Mr. Tim Sharpe, always gets his commission, although he himself is sometimes caught in the "skin game" and is sent to jail.
The player who can buy up the largest amount of land and get the monopoly of transportation, is always the winner, although, if one is extremely lucky he may possibly beat the landlord, but, as in real life the chances are largely in the landlord's favor.
The ideas embodied in the landlords game are all borrowed from real life --- real, modern, commercial, highly civilized special privileges for some people and poverty, jails and poor houses for others.
This game is easily learned and played by children as well as adults. It is expected that school boards and educationists will equip all schools with liberal supplies of these games in order that pupils and professors may familiarize themselves with the secrets of success in life and thus be enabled to "play the game." It teaches political economy from real life, and forever rebukes the assertion that women are not fitted to be voters because they can't think. Yours truly, READER.
Interestingly, the letter speaks of it both as "landlords game" and "landlord's game."
The game's cards themselves make wonderful reading. (We were too busy playing to take the time to enjoy them.) I'll post more when I've had a chance to study the rules again, having learned a bit by playing.
Posted on February 27, 2020 at 12:08 PM in franchises, Monopoly and The Landlord's Game, Monopoly and The Landlord's Game , privilege, toll-takers, underused land, women working | Permalink


When it comes to presents, buying Mother's Day gifts is probably the easiest thing to do for me. She's not fussy and appreciates everything. From handmade gifts to trinkets and treasures, there's always something she will like. This is unlike my dad who is so hard to buy for that I ended up taking him on a day out to the Hologram Museum in Matlock and then bought him 5 massive Toblerones for on the day!
When Tales From The Earth asked me to choose an item for my mum for Mothers Day, I knew straight away I'd have to get something which was lucky. My mum is a stickler for anything which will bring her or the family a little bit of extra luck! The Big Wishbone Necklace seemed the right amount of quirky and cute, whilst also being sterling silver for that extra touch of special.
As the necklace was presented in a small champagne shade pouch, I thought it would be a bit hard to wrap. So I improvised and headed to Matalan to get this simple initial mug. I also thought this would be good as it's quite deceptive! Everyone likes to try and be smart, guessing presents before they open them, so I'm sure it was quite a surprise to open what first is just a mug only to discover treasure inside!


The truth must be found; otherwise, employee and management trust can wither and litigation risk can skyrocket. This dynamic, interactive, multi-media presentation illustrates the one-of-a-kind model by leveraging critical thinking and systems approach through an engaging case study. You will learn a proven phase-based process model, practical techniques, and critical insight to ensure effective and legally compliant investigations, inquiries and fact-finding.
The unique expertise and perspectives from this session will help you foresee and prevent common problems in the investigative process and documentation.
This presentation uses an all-new case to illustrate the phase-based process model that HR professionals can apply to investigations, inquiries and fact-finding. Along with the proven phase-based process model, you will learn practical techniques and critical insight to ensure effective and legally compliant investigations.
This event is approved for 1.25 SHRM and HRCI Credits.
Comprehend and apply an investigative model to make the best decisions with a systems approach.
Apply critical thinking to ensure objectivity, focus on key information and withstand scrutiny.
Know and comprehend the best practices to apply during investigations.
Max's HR experience includes teaching, consulting, business partner and director. He retired from the U.S. Air Force, having specialized in security, law enforcement, and anti-terrorism. His education includes a BS in Psychology and a Master's in HR. Most importantly, Max graduated from Mt Pleasant in '85.
This event is brought to you by the Greater Wilmington Convention & Visitors Bureau.


Beckett on Film was a project aimed at making film versions of all nineteen of Samuel Beckett's stage plays. In Patricia Rozema's offering, Happy Days, a middle-aged woman (Rosaleen Linehan), half-buried in the earth, chatters away to a taciturn man (Richard Johnson), who lives in a hole behind her. Later, she is buried up to her neck, and the man does not seem to be about.


text:
module HtmlConditionalComment
  class ParseError < StandardError
    def initialize(msg, example)
      super("#{msg} at \"#{example.to_s.slice(0, 25)}\"")
    end
  end

  ##
  #
  # Parse tokens into a tree of nodes
  #
  # Pseudo grammar
  #
  #template = { html | statement }
  #statement = "<!" , [ "--" ] , "if" , expression , "]" , [ "--" ] , ">" , template , "<!" , [ "--" ] , "endif" , "]" , [ "--" ] , ">"
  #expression = term [ "|" , term ]
  #term = factor [ "&" , factor ]
  #factor = subexpression | "!" , factor | "(" , expression , ")"
  #subexpression = [ operator ] browser | boolean
  #operator = "gt" | "gte" | "lt" | "lte"
  #boolean = "true" | "false"
  #browser = feature [ version_vector ]
  #
  class Parser
    OPEN = /\-\->$/
    CLOSE = /<!\-\-$/

    def initialize(tokens)
      @symbol = nil
      @tokens = tokens
      @max_pos = tokens.size() - 1
      @pos = -1
    end

    def parse()
      self.next()

      nodes = template()

      #Tokens left, syntax error
      error() if @pos < @max_pos

      nodes
    end

protected
    #Browser is combination of feature and optional version
    def browser()
      node = Nodes::Browser.new()
      node.feature = @value
      expect(:feature)

      if current(:version_vector)
        node.version_vector = VersionVector.new(@value)
        accept(:version_vector)
      else
        node.version_vector = VersionVector.new(nil)
      end

      node
    end

    #True or false
    def boolean()
      if accept(:boolean_true)
        Nodes::True.instance()
      elsif accept(:boolean_false)
        Nodes::False.instance()
      else
        error()
      end
    end

    #Comparison operators
    def operator()
      if accept(:operator_less_than)
        Nodes::LessThan.new()
      elsif accept(:operator_less_than_equal)
        Nodes::LessThanEqual.new()
      elsif accept(:operator_greater_than)
        Nodes::GreaterThan.new()
      elsif accept(:operator_greater_than_equal)
        Nodes::GreaterThanEqual.new()
      else
        error()
      end
    end

    #Either a comparison with the browser, boolean, or simply just the browser
    def subexpression()
      node = nil

      if current(:operator_less_than) || current(:operator_less_than_equal) ||
        current(:operator_greater_than) || current(:operator_greater_than_equal)

        node = operator()
        node.child = browser()
      elsif current(:boolean_true) || current(:boolean_false)
        node = boolean()
      else
        #No comparison operator is assuming equals
        node = Nodes::Equal.new()
        node.child = browser()
      end

      node
    end

    #Negated self or paranthesised expression
    def factor()
      node = nil

      if accept(:operator_not)
        node = Nodes::Not.new()
        node.child = factor()
      elsif accept(:paren_open)
        node = expression()
        expect(:paren_close)
      else
        node = subexpression()
      end

      node
    end

    #And
    def term()
      node = factor()
      while accept(:operator_and)
        branch_node = Nodes::And.new()
        branch_node.left = node
        branch_node.right = factor()
        node = branch_node
      end

      node
    end

    #Or
    def expression()
      node = term()
      while accept(:operator_or)
        branch_node = Nodes::Or.new()
        branch_node.left = node
        branch_node.right = term()
        node = branch_node
      end

      node
    end

    def condition()
      node = Nodes::Condition.new()

      expect(:open)
      expect(:if)
      node.left = expression()

      #TODO Goofy confirmation of non-closing HTML comment
      if current(:close)
        error() if @value =~ OPEN
      end
      expect(:close)

      unless current(:open) && peek(:endif)
        node.right = template()
      end

      #TODO More goofyness
      if current(:open)
        error() if @value =~ CLOSE
      end
      expect(:open)

      expect(:endif)
      expect(:close)

      node
    end

    def html()
      node = Nodes::Html.new()
      node.content = @value
      expect(:html)
      node
    end

    def template()
      nodes = Nodes::Nodes.new()

      while current(:html) || (current(:open) && peek(:if))
        nodes << if current(:html)
          html()
        elsif current(:open) && peek(:if)
          condition()
        end
      end

      nodes
    end

protected
    #Accept the symbol and move on or not
    def accept(symbol)
      if(symbol == @symbol)
        self.next()
        return true
      else
        return false
      end
    end

    #Expect a current symbol or raise
    def expect(symbol)
      raise HtmlConditionalComment::ParseError.new("Expected #{symbol}, received #{@symbol}", @value) unless accept(symbol)
    end

    def current(symbol)
      @symbol == symbol
    end

    def peek(symbol)
      @tokens[@pos+1][0] == symbol
    end

    def next()
      @pos += 1
      #raise HtmlConditionalComment::ParserError.new('EOF') if @pos >= @max_pos
      token = @tokens[@pos] || []
      @symbol = token[0]
      @value = token[1]
      token
    end

    def error()
      raise HtmlConditionalComment::ParseError.new("Syntax error", @value)
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Hong Kong Knowledge Management Society's is happy to welcome four speakers to share on KM status, risks, and gains and what to do about it.
Four speakers sharing their insights and about Knowledge Management status, risks, and gains, and what to do about it.
Time: 9:00am – 1:00pm, registration at 8:45am.
Please complete the form in the REGISTRATION tab to reserve your place. Spaces are limited.
Overview of the talks and speakers can be found below, please click on the more CONFERENCE DETAILS for synopses and speaker bios.
Dean of the School of Design at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
We have a conference leaflet that provides all details on the talks and the speakers. Please click on the following to open the leaflet.
Please click on the following links to download the conference presentation files.


Is éard is an córas limfeach ann, sna veirteabraigh, ná líonra de seolphíobáin a iomparaíonn leacht soiléir ar a dtugtar limfe. Cuimsíonn sé chomh maith an fíochán limfeach tríd a dtaistealaíonn an limfe.
Faightear fíochán limfeach i go leor orgáin, go háirithe sna nóid limfe, agus sna céislíní. Clúdaíonn an córas freisin na struchtúir atá tiomnaithe le cúrsaíocht agus le táirgeadh limficítí, lena n-áirítear an liathán, an fhaireog thímis, an smior agus an fíochán limfeach a bhaineann leis an gcóras díleáite. Ba iad Olaus Rudbeck agus Thomas Bartholin, go neamhspleách óna cheile, a rinne cur síos ar an gcóras limfeach.
↑ Warwick, Roger; Peter L. Williams. "Gray's anatomy": 588–785. London: Longman. Retrieved on 2008-06-30.
Is síol anatamaíochta é an t-alt seo. Cuir leis, chun cuidiú leis an Vicipéid.
Tugadh an leathanach seo cothrom le dáta an 13 Márta 2019 ag 20:54.


/r/DravenMainsNew Draven, Kindred, Neeko and Katarina skins coming?
/r/DravenMainsI used to play tons of Draven in 2013 so I made a mousepad of my favorite skin. Shes still standing strong after all these years of losing LP.
/r/DravenMainsStormrazor or Bloodthirster first item, why?
/r/DravenMainsMy friends and I are drawing League champions and I think I did the best, what do you guys think?
/r/DravenMainsDraven NERF ?-Vayne crazy buff ? ADC META Time ?


A perfect dish for a slow roasted shoulder of pork. After several hours all of that fat has just melted away to leave the most succulent meat. This 'pulls' really well and makes for a good family 'help yourself' Sunday dinner. Any left-overs go great in sandwiches or salads, but combined with any left over sauce also make a terrific 'alternative cottage pie' topped with mashed potatoes.
To make the sauce, take the meat juices and onions from the tray (there should be plenty if the tray was properly sealed!) and blitz with a hand blender. If preferred, pour the liquor into a jug first, allow to stand and spoon off any surplus fat.


TULSA, Ok. - The Kansas City Mavericks (16-10-1-1) fell to the Tulsa Oilers (14-11-4-2) on Friday night at the BOK Center in Tulsa.
Tulsa came into Friday night's contest winless in their previous 11 contests and the Mavericks would look to continue that streak. After a hooking penalty to Kansas City's Zach Fischer, the home team got on the board first as Tulsa forward Alex Globke fired a wrister through a screen in front and beat Mavericks netminder Nick Schneider for his first professional goal. The first period was full of back and forth action, but no further scoring would occur.
The Oilers would double their lead just 17 seconds into the second period as Ryan Tesink would net his 12th of the campaign to make it 2-0 Tulsa. The Oilers continued to buzz after that marker and used that momentum to dominate game play during the middle frame. The Mavericks would get on the board as CJ Eick redirected a shot from the point that bested Oilers goalie Devin Williams for his sixth goal of the season. Tulsa would return the favor just over three minutes later when Charlie Sampair regained the two-goal edge for Tulsa to make it 3-1 Oilers. The Mavericks kept fighting and cut their deficit in half with just 1:23 left in the period as Mike Panowyk won a foot race to a loose puck in the neutral zone and beat Williams for his fifth tally of the season.
The Mavericks started off the third period well, setting up several scoring chances but could not find twine again behind Williams as the Oilers goalie made several big stops to hold his team's lead. Tulsa added an insurance marker on the second of the night for Sampair and Oilers captain Adam Pleskach would later add the empty-netter to give Tulsa the 5-2 victory.
Williams stopped 23 of 25 Kansas City shots including several quality chances in the third period for the victory. Schneider played well despite the final score, stopping 34 Tulsa shots in defeat.
The Mavericks travel to Wichita for a matchup with the Thunder on Saturday night, before returning to Kansas City for the traditional New Year's Eve game at Silverstein Eye Centers Arena.


Probably we have got a high expectation on a variety that many have given good comments about. So far, fig variety Barnisotte has been a disappointment to us, for its fruit is dull and near tasteless for the one that we have tasted last night.
It was probably due to the first fruiting for this tree, many had said that the quality of the first batch of fruits tend to be less satisfying. I really hope so. There are some more Barnisotte fig on the tree waiting to be ripen. This time we will have to patiently wait till the figs are fully ripen hope they will not be over ripen and turn bad.


Independent Senator Sir Roy Trotman is raising a stink over the continued indiscriminate dumping of some residents, as well as the failure by officials to adequately contain the issue of cow itch, which has forced the closure of schools since the start of the year.
Speaking in the Upper House today on a resolution for the approval of a refinancing of a Government loan of US$13.925 million from the Ansa Merchant Bank for the sugar industry, Sir Roy said several sugar lands were "sadly neglected", adding that some of them were even being used as dumping grounds.
"Wherever the unthinking and unconscionable see an open space of land they will believe that is the answer to their wish for a short cut and they will dump whatever it is, be it an old building, be it old furniture for their house, old appliances, you name it and they will dump it. And even though in some cases it may be unhealthy, they will dump it even in the St Lawrence swamp. This is totally unacceptable," Sir Roy said.
Describing the dumping across the country as a major problem, the trade unionist explained that it came with a number of problems, including an increase in the rodent population and various diseases. He also warned that sugar lands no longer in production were "not getting the level of care needed", but said Government should not be blamed.
Turning his attention to the troublesome issue of cow itch, Sir Roy said it was about time authorities found a way to properly address the issue.
Last week Tuesday classes at the Blackman and Gollop Primary School at Staple Grove, Christ Church came to an early end as cow itch forced officials to close the school temporarily until today.
"I would like to believe that by now we, so educated as we are, we so forward thinking as we are, we so able to create things as we are, ought to have been able to find something that properly addresses the awful problem of the cow itch, and either reduce it or find a way to treat with it at an earlier level on the land in such a way that we don't have this awful problem of one school and then another school and the possibility of other schools that may have to close their doors because of this insidious problem of the cow itch," complained Sir Roy.
In January the Thelma Berry Nursery School at St David's Christ Church was forced to close as a result of the weed at a nearby field, and after it was reopened days later was forced to close again for the same issue.
Would anyone believe this man was a former labour leader? Now in the senate and I have not seen one contribution from him on his position on the issues regarding the government and the labour movement.
What's the reason for selecting these experienced citizens to the senate, when their professional experiences are affected by other considerations when it comes to their national contribution.
Doan know why he doan ga long home and enjoy he retirement.The man has DLP in his DNA ,so what you expect Greengiant.
He was a Union leader and an operative of the DLP so that is the what you get.
Everything can be fix if the country had the people with brains to fix it……….


Austin, TX. Home to the annual South by Southwest tech and music festival, Austin has been attracting throngs of newcomers for several years now. The city is also home to the University of Texas and Dell Computer.
San Diego, CA. With arguably the best weather in the country, San Diego also has numerous beautiful beaches, too. The crime rate is relatively low, as well.
Madison, WI. Many people come to Madison to study at the University of Wisconsin. Many people stay for its combination of high incomes and low unemployment. Madison also has one of the lowest crime rates among cities of its size.
Pittsburgh, PA. Home to three pro sports teams and 10 colleges, Pittsburgh is a town with blue collar roots with its eyes on the future of tech and medicine. The city is home to major institutions such as Carnegie Mellon and the University of Pittsburgh. Housing is also very affordable.
Atlanta, GA. Not a small town by any measure, many people don't know that this Southern Metropolis has the highest tree coverage than any other major American city. Atlanta offers plenty of options for affordable entertainment for young people, as well.
New York, NY. With over 22,000 restaurants and 1,200 bars, not to mention Broadway and several of the world's finest museums, America's largest city is also its most exciting. Living in New York City is an experience like nothing else in the world.
Charlottesville, VA. Home to the University of Virginia, Charlottesville is located in the state's scenic Blue Ridge Mountains. The college town is bicycle- and pedestrian-friendly. The city also enjoys low unemployment and a reasonable cost of living.
Nashville, TN. Known for its high output of legendary musicians, Nashville is also home to Vanderbilt University. If you move to Nashville, you'll never be at a loss when looking for great food and amazing live music.
Denver, CO. Nestled just below the stunning view of the Rocky Mountains, Denver is only a quick day trip away from the best skiing in the U.S. Denver is also home to a growing fine dining and nightlife scene.
Portland, OR. Long a mecca for the laid-back, off-beat, and creative types, Portland is a city like no other. The city enjoys clean air and is just a short drive to Mt. Hood National Forest and some of the most beautifully scenic shores of the Pacific Northwest coastline.


text:
Tara Reid life and biography
Suggest a biography
Browse by letter :
Tara Reid biography
Date of birth : 1975-11-08
Date of death : -
Birthplace : Wyckoff, New Jersey, USA
Nationality : American
Category : Arts and Entertainment
Credited as : Actress, Days of our Lives, Scrubs
2 votes so far
Tara Donna Reid is an American actress. Reid has acted on television shows such as Saved By The Bell: The New Class, Days of our Lives, California Dreams, and Scrubs.
Tara Reid was born in Wyckoff, New Jersey, USA on November 8, 1975 to Tom and Donna Reid, both teachers who run a pair of day care centers.Tara is of Irish, Italian, French, Hungarian, and English decent, but she has the unique all-American look. This American actress and model was grown up in Wyckoff, New Jersey. She has one sister and two brothers. Her brother named Tommy Reid, is also in the entertainment industry and has his own production company, while her brother Patrick runs a clothing store "Patrick Reid" located in Santa Monica, California, where she serves as fashion consultant.
She was five years old when she started showing off, singing and dancing on the tables in the local mall. A New York talent agent interestingly caught her improvised act and immediately signed her to work in commercials. Thus, this beautiful young lady appeared in many children's game shows, and acted in commercials for Crayola, Jell-O and McDonald's. Tara who won't stop her young ambition there, decided to make professional acting as her career goal. She was grown up in New York while she, in order to prepare her future, attended the prestigious Professional Children's School alongside such celebrities as Ben Taylor, Jerry O'Connell, Sarah Michelle Gellar, and Macaulay Culkin.
It's in 1994 when Tara for her very first time was cast on the long time teen institution "Saved By the Bell," which is not exactly known for creating successful actresses, though Tara proved to be the one. A year after working on that TV production she moved on to perform in daytime television with a recurring role on "Days of Our Lives." Thereafter several career moves, Tara was well known for her role as Bunny in "The Big Lebowski," where she was cast as Bunny, the much younger wife of The Big Lebowski. Next she went on to the horror movie "Urban Legend", playing Tasha, the college camous DJ, which was followed by a small cameo in "Cruel Intentions", and a role in the independent flick "Girl."
In the summer of 1999 this now more of a recognizable star earned a form of screen immortality for her role as Vicky, the girlfriend of one of four high school guys who make a pact to lose their virginity by prom night in the teen-film "American Pie." Her role in this film had been centered around high school and sex, and featured a number of unforgettable scenes and struck a chord with teenagers acrossed the country. As a result, this film went box office and tossed Tara into the spotlight and created such an impression that she has not had a second to spare these days.
Later that year, this young, bright, and extremely sexy celebrity with a very promising future had it a wave of success, appearing with the rest of the cast in Rolling Stone, and appearing all by herself on the cover of Bikini. With "Body Shots" and more films coming soon, it looks as though Tara has becoming a very popular actress than ever. Edging ever closer to leading woman status, her career continued to rise as she took on roles in such famous and success movies as Dr. T and the Women (2000), Jossie and the Pussycats (2001), and American Pie 2 (2001).
On the night of Thursday, November 4, 2004, Tara was embarrassed by a wardrobe malfunction at a highly publicized photo shoot at P. Diddy's 35th birthday party at Cipriani's Restaurant in New York when her dress fell, exposing her left breast and which photographs were subsequently distributed far and wide as a comparison to Janet Jackson's accidental exposure during her performance at Super Bowl XXXVIII. Season comes and goes, this actress is now playing the lead in videogame adaptation "Alone in the Dark."
Known for her happy-go-lucky attitude that makes her an easy actress to work with, such character has proven to attract Carson Daly, whom she used to date and was engaged to in 2000 but broke up in 2001. After the split, she has not yet dating anyone else that she's becoming so desperate in finding the right man so she got Ellen DeGeneres to help her launching "Tara's Search for Love" which more or less in form of a campaign to find the perfect spouse for her and she promised to get married in DeGeneres show if she could find the best one for her.
As a public entertainer Tara is demanded to always look "beautiful" because of the many spotlight and attention public worldwide give her. It's not surprising that she once ranked #49 in Stuff magazine's "102 Sexiest Women in the World" (2002) and has also become the first person ever to appear on multiple covers of "Maxim" magazine.
In 2005 Tara filed a lawsuit against the owners of Sky Las Vegas, a 405-unit luxury high-rise development, for using her name in an advertisement, which highlights her recent breast-baring on the red carpet outside P. Diddy's 35th birthday party in New York last November. The commercial published on February 1, 2005, featured the tagline: "Dear Tara Reid. Come let it all hang out" has hinted that she had purposely exposed her breasts, which she claims was accidental. That's why per the suit filed in Los Angeles Superior Court Tara claimed the ad has affected her business in that she has lost value of her reputation and thus wanting a judge to prohibit Sky Las Vegas from continuing to publish or distribute the ads.
Tara Reid Picture Gallery
John Legend collaborates with Pharrell, Q-Tip and Hit-Boy for
Jeff Bezos buys The Washington Post though he won't be leading
Quote from Pope Francis 'Who Am I to Judge?'
Rafael Nadal enjoys vacation in Mallorca
Arhitecture And Engineering
Historian Personalities
top biography
Masspike Miles
Marcel Rufo
Virginia Rodrigues
Umm Kalthum
Raymond Impanis (2010)
Sophie Daumier (2003)
Floyd Cramer (1997)
Robert Boyle (1691)
Boies Penrose (1921)
Charles Bohlen (1973)
Suzanne Dalbert (1970)
Joseph Bernier (1934)
Karl Renner (1950)
Marshall McLuhan (1980)
Morris Hillquit (1933)
Rick Nelson (1985)
© 2010 BrowseBiography.com - Your Website for informations
Contact - BrowseBiography by TMCod
Please read our privacy policy. Page generated in 0.111s