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Home / Writing / Is it time for Digital Citizenship?
Is it time for Digital Citizenship?
Posted by: @EvaPascoe in Writing September 25, 2015 1 Comment 5,062 Views
Digital Citizenship:
From Liberal Privilege to Democratic Emancipation
'Government founded … on a system of universal peace, on the indefeasible hereditary Rights of Man … interests not particular individuals, but nations, in its progress, and promises a new era to the human race.'
– Tom Paine, Rights of Man
In the second decade of the 21st century, citizenship is defined not just by the people being able to choose the political leadership of their nation through regular elections, but also by the legal protection of their human rights, such as media freedom, personal privacy, fair trials and religious toleration. Enshrined in both national constitutions and international treaties, these democratic precepts ensure that individual citizens can express their views and campaign for causes without fear of persecution or discrimination.
Yet, when they were first codified during the 17th and 18th centuries' modernising revolutions which overthrew aristocratic and priestly despotism in Western Europe and North America, these fundamental freedoms were initially restricted to a minority of the population: white male property-owners. Despite the universalist rhetoric of the English 1689 Bill of Rights, the French 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen and the USA's 1791 Bill of Rights, men without property, all women and the African slaves who were property remained outside their constitutional protection. In this pioneering liberal iteration, political and civil freedom was founded upon economic exploitation. Human rights were the privilege of the few not the emancipation of the many.
Over the past two centuries, this oligarchic interpretation of citizenship has been superseded by a more democratic vision of individual liberty. Adopted in the immediate aftermath of the victory over fascism,the United Nations' 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the 1950 European Convention on Human Rights included the previously excluded within their provisions. All adults were now entitled to the full rights of political citizenship. When these mid-20th century charters were being drawn up, there were fierce debates between Left and Right over whether social and economic rights should also be given legal recognition. Seeking to mobilise the masses against its internal and external enemies, the Jacobins had promised in their 1793 Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen that the French republic would ensure that all citizens had access to the necessities of life.
In 1944, responding to the global wartime emergency, US president Franklin Roosevelt had called for a new bill of rights which guaranteed employment, housing, healthcare, education and pensions for the whole population. Although the Right vetoed their inclusion in the 1948 and 1950 charters, the Left's socio-economic precepts of human liberty were eventually codified in the United Nations' 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Individual freedoms required the collective means to realise them in practice. The liberties of the many must take precedence over the privileges of the few.
During the past few decades, this socialist version of human rights has been almost forgotten. For the Left as well as the Right, the implosion of the Soviet Union has justified a return to the original liberal interpretation of these constitutional principles. According to the USSR's 1936 Fundamental Rights & Duties of Citizens, every adult was entitled to an impressive collection of both political-civil and socio-economic freedoms. Unfortunately, as anyone who tried to put them into practice soon discovered to their cost, these emancipatory promises had been devised as ideological mystifications. By emphasising social and economic rights over political and civil liberty, the Stalinist dictatorship could deny both types of citizenship to its citizens.
Not surprisingly, many of those who opposed this totalitarian regime concluded that the Left's attempts to extend human rights into civil society had negated their original intention: protecting individual freedom from state tyranny. After the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, the demise of Stalinism in Eastern Europe and Russia was symbolised by their new democratic governments' enthusiasm for the 18th century interpretation of personal liberty. The USA's 1791 Bill of Rights didn't need augmenting by the UN's 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. On the contrary, political and civil freedom from state interference was the only possible form of freedom in the post-modern world. Liberalism and democracy were synonymous.
The recent revelations by Edward Snowden and other whistle-blowers about the American empire's megalomanic scheme to spy upon every inhabitant of the planet have discredited the West's self-identification as the global champion of human rights. Even with their huge resources, the Stalinist spooks of the KGB with their 20th century industrial technologies were only able to monitor the activities of a minority of Soviet citizens. In contrast, the NSA is now equipped with 21st century digital technologies which can intercept the emails, texts, phone calls, web browsing, media downloads and social media activity of almost all of humanity. Most worryingly, the liberal guarantees of the 1791 Bill of Rights have failed to protect the American people from the totalitarian ambitions of their own nation's secret police.
Added as the 4th Amendment of the US constitution, a clause of this charter promised that the private communications of individual citizens could only be intercepted in exceptional circumstances which required judicial authorisation.
However, this fundamental principle was quickly discarded to reassure an American public terrorised by Al Qaeda's 2001 murderous attacks on New York and Washington DC. Having obtained the approval of a supine legislature and compliant courts, the US government ordered the NSA to build the technical infrastructure for the ubiquitous surveillance of the entire global population. Like its defunct Stalinist rival, the American empire now champions the ideal of individual freedom to negate its implementation in practice. Far from advancing political and civil rights, the abandonment of socio-economic rights has emboldened the imperial hegemon to eviscerate all legal restrictions on its repressive powers at home and abroad. National security is now the antithesis of personal liberty.
The NSA's totalitarian project to place the whole of humanity under permanent real-time surveillance is built upon the dominance of corporate America over the Net. Whether for targeted advertising, market research or customer relations, these dotcom companies have become proficient at gathering and analysing data about how people are using their products and services. From social media postings to on-line shopping, people are constantly sharing intimate details of their private lives with strangers.
For the NSA's spooks, gaining access to this confidential information which can reveal an individual's political opinions, moral beliefs and cultural tastes is a top priority. Since anyone could be an enemy of the American empire, everyone on this planet is a target of surveillance. According to some clever hackers and resourceful entrepreneurs, this illegal snooping can be thwarted by developing strong forms of encryption for the masses. However, as revealed by Snowden's leaks, any technological fix is unlikely to provide a long-term solution for protecting personal privacy. It isn't just that the NSA has become adept at breaking encryption by compromising software and hardware security. Above all, the 18th century's concept of a citizenry composed of atomised individuals is an anachronism for the 21st century's networked masses. What was once revolutionary has now become reactionary.
At the dawn of modernity, liberalism emerged as the philosophy of the white male property-owners who challenged monarchical oppression and clerical bigotry. With capitalism now in its dotage, the boosters of neo-liberalism have appropriated this radical heritage to excuse the social and environmental depredations of corrupt governments, fraudulent banks and tax-dodging corporations. By praising political-civil rights to demonise socio-economic rights, these apologists of the American empire have undermined the juridical foundations of both types of citizenship. The defence of liberal democracy against Stalinist tyranny has morphed into the advocacy of neo-liberal oligarchy against plebeian democracy.
At this dangerous moment in the history of humanity, personal freedom is threatened by the intrusive attentions of both authoritarian states and monopolistic businesses. If liberty and democracy are to be enhanced within the Net, what is now required is an energetic public debate over how to construct a new constitutional settlement which nurtures today's collective forms of digital citizenship. In the virtual world as in real life, people must be confident that not only their personal communications will remain private, but also they can freely express controversial opinions without inhibition. Crucially, these political and civil rights must be combined with socio-economic rights.
The sharing of information over the Net is a premonition of the democratisation of the whole productive process. If they are to contribute to this collaborative endeavour, everyone must have access to the knowledge and technologies which will be used to build the emerging network society. Like its liberal and socialist predecessors, this new dispensation should be guided by its own rules of the game. The creation of a Net Bill of Rights codifies the mutually agreed principles for regulating individuals' on-line activities in the common interest. By collectively defining a new vision of digital citizenship, this generation can make its own world-historical contribution towards building a truly human civilisation.
The better future must be anticipated in the troubled present. Let's seize this opportunity to transform our utopian dreams into everyday life!
Richard Barbrook,
8th March 2015,
digital citizenship Internet Bill 2015-09-25
@EvaPascoe
Tagged with: digital citizenship Internet Bill
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About @EvaPascoe
Chair of Cybersalon.org and co-founder of Cyberia Cafe
Rather than further laws regarding privacy I would like to see small ventures trying to build privacy bottom-up.
The more and more laws we introduce into that space, the more and more complex it becomes to enter the market. Small businesses can't afford all the lawyers required to keep up with legal requirements if they get too complex. So: Could it be that a digital declaration of civil rights would favor the bigger businesses in demise of smaller ones?
And further: Could it not be that such laws would just cement the status quo, keeping big players where they are? We saw an indication of that with Facebook and local social media sites in Germany. The big player could (like Walmart entering new markets) simply take damages (eg. penalties for not sticking to certain privacy laws) in order to gain big and outperform its not so well financed competition. And putting a label like "safe by law" on centralized products like Facebook can be seen as another blow to small start-ups trying to build on our accumulating disappointment.
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Q: Show that $\mathbb Z[t^4,t^7]$ is not integrally closed in $\mathbb Z[t]$ To show $\mathbb Z[t^4,t^7]$ is not integrally closed in $\mathbb Z[t]$ is it fine to say that $t$ is a root of $x^4-t^4$ which is a monic polynomial with coefficients in $\mathbb Z[t^4,t^7]$, but $t\notin \mathbb Z[t^4,t^7]$? In the solution I'm reading they say that $t=\frac{t^8}{t^7}$ but I don't see why that's relevant. Does what I've said work?

A: Recall an element of $S \supset R$ is called integral (over $R$) whenever it satisfies some monic polynomial in $R[x]$.
Then $R$ is called integrally closed in $S$ if it already contains all the elements which are integral over it. If we don't provide $S$ when we talk about integral closure, then $S$ is assumed to be the field of fractions of $R$.
You're entirely right that

*

*$t$ is a root of the monic polynomial $x^4 - t^4 \in \mathbb{Z}[t^4, t^7][x]$

*$t \in \mathbb{Z}[t]$

*$t \not \in \mathbb{Z}[t^4, t^7]$
so $t$ witnesses the fact that $\mathbb{Z}[t^4, t^7]$ is not integrally closed in $\mathbb{Z}[t]$.
As for the $t = \frac{t^8}{t^7}$ comment, I assume that's to show that $t$ still shows the failure of integral closure when we talk about the field of fractions. It's not immediately clear that $t \in \mathbb{Q}(t^4, t^7)$, which is the field of fractions of our ring. But writing $t = \frac{t^8}{t^7} = \frac{(t^4)^2}{t^7}$ makes this obvious.

I hope this helps ^_^

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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The Glasgow Angling Centre Open Weekend just gets better, especially now that we can announce the biggest prize draw we have ever had! Hardy Greys, one of our Open Weekends sponsors, have put up an awesome prize worth up to £649 for one lucky visitor to the store over the three days of the 4th, 5th and 6th of March.
You could win a new Hardy Zenith fly rod!
Simply fill out an entry form with one of the Hardy&Greys team at the Open Weekend to get your chance to win your choice of Hardy Zenith SINTRIX fly rod - or if you can wait, a new Hardy Proaxis fly rod (available April) and we will have the full range of Hardy SINTRIX rods available to try instore to help you choose your prize. The winner will be drawn at 5pm on Sunday the 6th of March and the lucky entrant will be contacted directly!


text:
Der Krastaler Marmor kommt im Millstättersee-Gebirge an dessen Ostende, in Kärnten (Österreich) im Krastal, einem Taleinschnitt, vor. In der Mitte des Krastals liegen Steinbrüche, die schon von den Römern genutzt wurden. Dieser Marmor wurde über Jahrhunderte hinweg im Bauwesen genutzt: Im sogenannten Franz-Steinbruch wurden sechs römische Spitzeisen gefunden, die heute im Landesmuseum Klagenfurt ausgestellt sind.

Gesteinsbeschreibung und Steinbrüche
Der Krastaler Marmor ist ein grobkörniger grauer Marmor mit einer Korngröße von 3 bis 5 Millimetern. Dieser Naturstein beinhaltet Phlogopit und Kalk- und Magnesiasilikaten. Krastaler Marmor ist deutlich gebändert und liegt in Schiefergneis eingelagert. Am Rande des Vorkommens wird dieser Marmor heller. An den Einlagerungsgrenzen des Marmors an Gneis, Pegmatit und Amphibolit befinden sich die entsprechenden Reaktionsminerale.

Steinbrüche betrieben bis in die Anfänge der 1950er Jahre die Firmen Della Schiava, Adami, Vogler, Fantoni, Leitner und Franz. Der Franz-Steinbruch ist einer der größten gewesen und hatte in den 1950er Jahren in seiner Hanglage eine Länge von 90 Metern, 40 Meter Höhe und 30 Metern Tiefe.

Verwendung
Der Krastaler Marmor ist ungemein verwitterungsbeständig. Verwitterungserscheinungen zeigen sich lediglich in einer leichten Aufrauung der Oberfläche, die nicht weiter um sich greift. Die Festigkeit dieses Marmors ist so hoch, dass er früher als Bahnschotter verwendet wurde.

In diesem Vorkommen sind die Kluftabstände groß, deshalb ließen sich Rohblöcke in der Größe von 3,00×2,00×0,75 Meter, Platten bis 8 m² und Säulen bis zu 3 Meter Länge gewinnen. Verwendet wurde er für Denk- und Grabmäler, Brunnenanlagen und vor allem als Werkstein für Bauwerke.

Bau- und Kunstwerke

Es können hier lediglich einige Beispiele für Kunstdenkmäler gegeben werden.
Friesach: Mittlere große Schale des Marktbrunnens (1563)
Graz: Sockel der Technischen Universität und Karl-Franzens-Universität, Opernhaus, Finanzgebäude, Bezirksgericht, Stadttheater, Erzherzog-Johann-Denkmal
Gurk: Grabstein Andreas Gösel (1688)
Klagenfurt: Landesmuseum, Maria-Theresia-Denkmal (1872), Konzerthaus, Wettersäule (1879)
Kornat im Lesachtal: Pfarrkirche und Taufstein (neogotisch)
Lockenhaus: Nadasdygruft unter der Pfarrkirche, Sarkophag des Grafen Lipot († 1873)
Maria Luggau: Kloster, Refektorium, Lavab0 (1657)
Mallnitz: Villa Mojsisovics mit zahlreichen Steinarbeiten
Obervellach: Gedenkstein für Ingeborg Bachmann von Bildhauer Herbert Unterberger (2018)
Predilpass: Hermann-Denkmal
Puch: Pfarrkirchenturm (1936)
Villach-Sankt Martin: Schloss Mörtenegg
Spittal: Pfarrkirche, Grabsteine, Kriegerdenkmal, ehemaliges Hotel Goldeck (1919/1911)
Treffen: Kriegerdenkmal
Villach: Sankt-Jacob-Kirche, Turm und Grabsteine; Nikolaikirche, Grabsteine außen; Millesi-Schlößchen (1625), Torgewände; Rathaus, Tür- und Fenstergewände;
Wien: Universität, Rampe und Kandelaber; Naturhistorischen Museum, Sockel des Vestibüls; Kunsthistorisches Museum
Winklern im Gegendtal: Römersteine, karolingisches Architekturstück mit Bandornament ausgestellt im Lapidarium im Museum Villach
Zweinitz: Pfarrkirche, Grabstein Andrä Hofmann von Wald (1507)
Öhringen Partnerschaftsdenkmal

Literatur
 Alois Kieslinger: Die Nutzbaren Gesteine Kärntens. In: Carinthia II. Sonderheft 17, Verlag des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines für Kärnten, Klagenfurt 1956, S. 237–241 (ganzer Artikel S. 1–348, ).

Einzelnachweise

Marmorsorte
Geographie (Kärnten)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Startups are synonymous with perks. From indoor ping-pong tables, cool real estate, to free lunches and kombucha, the benefits that they offer are appealing and attractive because they reflect our current lifestyle. The startup culture understands that a company's success is directly tied to employees' well-being.
While having a keg in the kitchen might seem cliché at this point, what's truly innovational is the overarching way that a startup mentality complements the day to day life of its workers that makes them such a threat to traditional corporations.
Each has its own set of pluses: Virgin Hyperloop One, for example, brings a personal trainer onsite three days a week. At Legal Zoom, you get your birthday off, just because it's your special day. It's almost gotten to the point that startups are getting a little out of control in their ambition to offer the best/coolest/most unusual benefit. In New York City, one business was bringing in musicians twice a week for in-house performances.
This by far is one of the most coveted perks. Life is unpredictable and messy, and the typical 9 to 5 workday is far too rigid for most people, and this creates an ongoing sense of stress. Allowing people to start and end their workday demonstrates trust in their accountability. Plus, an environment where you know you can put out unexpected fires, tend to essential family members, and take time for doctor appointments without worry is invaluable.
Companies that employ strict start times and disapprove of middle-of-the-day appointments might not realize that they are slowly but consistently chipping away at employee morale. Start-ups get that elasticity in this area is something that most people don't ever want to give up once they get the taste of it.
This ranges from working from home to unlimited or generous paid time off. As a whole, humans are recognizing that spending 40 hours a week in a chair is not healthy for the body or mind. But startups are nimble enough to offer this to employees from the get-go, whereas more established offices are having a hard time adapting to the kind of culture where time off is essential and expected.
People like having the convenience of working from their couch or even from a travel spot. Being in the office isn't a requirement for productivity.
Like flexible time off, having the time to be with family after a birth or adoption is such a relief for both moms and dads. The first few months of parenthood – whether it's the first kid or the fifth – are so chaotic that two parents sometimes aren't even enough. There's peace of mind for families when both caregivers can attend to the new demands of life and can support one another while being supported by their income. That's priceless.
Sorry, grandma and grandpa: the 401(k)s and medical benefits you thought were gold standards of job perks aren't as important to younger generations who are saddled with school debt. Startups who offer student loan debt repayment programs have their fingers on the pulse of what really matters to their employees. Whether it's matching payments or providing monthly stipends earmarked specifically for student loans, the concept and practice is a welcome one.
Coughing up extra dough to cover hefty prescription prices, co-payments, and specialty needs like x-rays and procedures can really erode anyone's sense of well-being. By eliminating this worry, employees feel safe and taken care of – it's one less thing to nag at you.
It's easy to retain top talent when perks like these continuously reinforce the message that employees are valued not just for their contribution to the company, but simply just for being. It can make working for anyone else seem pretty dismal.
The good news is that as startups flex their muscles, they are inspiring those traditional corporations to expand beyond the boundaries of their buttoned-up cultures. A more realistic workday across all industries can only continue to benefit us as a whole.


If you are a Cavaliers fan, then you most likely know Brian Windhorst. Brian has covered the Cavaliers like no body else since Lebron James was drafted. He uncovered so many stories, most recenetly the Big trade that brought Ben Wallace, D. West, Wally, and Joe Smith to the Cavaliers.
Brian has been in the hospital for 55 days dealing with health issues. Yesterday was the day he got to go home for the first time.
On his way home, he uncovered the final Cavaliers trade that brought Mo Willliams to Cleveland and dictated the story from the car over the phone.
Welcome back Brian! We look forward to reading your column again.


text:
<?php

namespace BitsTheater\costumes;
use com\blackmoonit\AdamEve as BaseCostume;
use BitsTheater\Director;
use BitsTheater\Model;
use stdClass as StandardClass;
use com\blackmoonit\exceptions\IllegalArgumentException;
use com\blackmoonit\Arrays;
{//namespace begin

abstract class ABitsCostume extends BaseCostume
implements IDirected
{
	const _SetupArgCount = 1; //number of args required to call the setup() method.
	/**
	 * @var Director
	 */
	protected $_director = null;

	/**
	 * Magic PHP method to limit what var_dump() shows.
	 */
	public function __debugInfo() {
		$vars = parent::__debugInfo();
		unset($vars['_director']);
		return $vars;
	}

	/**
	 * Costume classes know about the Director.
	 * @param IDirected $aContext - context used to get the Director object
	 */
	public function setup(IDirected $aContext) {
		$this->setDirector($aContext->getDirector());
		$this->bHasBeenSetup = true;
	}

	public function cleanup() {
		unset($this->_director);
		parent::cleanup();
	}

	/**
	 * Set the director variable.
	 * @param Director $aDirector - site director object
	 */
	public function setDirector(Director $aDirector)
	{
		$this->_director = $aDirector ;
		return $this ;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the director object.
	 * @return Director Returns the site director object.
	 */
	public function getDirector() {
		return $this->_director;
	}

	/**
	 * {@inheritDoc}
	 * @return boolean Returns TRUE if allowed, FALSE if not.
	 * @see \BitsTheater\costumes\IDirected::isAllowed()
	 */
	public function isAllowed($aNamespace, $aPermission, $acctInfo=null) {
		return $this->getDirector()->isAllowed($aNamespace,$aPermission,$acctInfo);
	}

	/**
	 * {@inheritDoc}
	 * @return boolean Returns TRUE if allowed, FALSE if not.
	 * @see \BitsTheater\costumes\IDirected::isGuest()
	 */
	public function isGuest() {
		return $this->getDirector()->isGuest();
	}

	/**
	 * {@inheritDoc}
	 * @return boolean Returns TRUE if allowed, FALSE if not.
	 * @see \BitsTheater\costumes\IDirected::checkAllowed()
	 */
	public function checkAllowed($aNamespace, $aPermission, $aAcctInfo=null) {
		return $this->getDirector()->checkAllowed($aNamespace, $aPermission, $aAcctInfo);
	}

	/**
	 * {@inheritDoc}
	 * @return $this Returns $this for chaining.
	 * @see \BitsTheater\costumes\IDirected::checkPermission()
	 */
	public function checkPermission($aNamespace, $aPermission, $aAcctInfo=null)
	{
		$this->getDirector()->checkPermission($aNamespace, $aPermission, $aAcctInfo);
		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Return a Model object for a given org, creating it if necessary.
	 * @param string $aName - name of the model object.
	 * @param string $aOrgID - (optional) the org ID whose data we want.
	 * @return Model Returns the model object.
	 */
	public function getProp( $aName, $aOrgID=null )
	{ return $this->getDirector()->getProp($aName, $aOrgID); }

	/**
	 * Let the system know you do not need a Model anymore so it
	 * can close the database connection as soon as possible.
	 * @param Model $aProp - the Model object to be returned to the prop closet.
	 */
	public function returnProp($aProp) {
		$this->getDirector()->returnProp($aProp);
	}

	/**
	 * Get a resource based on its combined 'namespace/resource_name'.
	 * Alternatively, you can pass each segment in as its own parameter.
	 * @param string $aName - The 'namespace/resource[/extras]' name to retrieve.
	 */
	public function getRes($aName) {
		return call_user_func_array(array($this->getDirector(), 'getRes'), func_get_args());
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the relative URL for this site appended with additional path info.
	 * @param string[]|string $aRelativeURL - array of path segments
	 *   OR a bunch of string parameters equating to path segments.
	 * @return string - returns the relative path URL.
	 */
	public function getSiteUrl($aRelativeURL='') {
		return call_user_func_array(array($this->getDirector(), 'getSiteUrl'), func_get_args());
	}

	/**
	 * Get the setting from the configuration model.
	 * @param string $aSetting - setting in form of "namespace/setting"
	 * @param string $aOrgID - (optional) the org ID whose data we want.
	 * @throws \Exception
	 */
	public function getConfigSetting( $aSetting, $aOrgID=null )
	{ return $this->getDirector()->getConfigSetting($aSetting, $aOrgID); }

	/**
	 * Copies values into matching property names
	 * based on the array keys or object property names.
	 * @param array|object $aThing - array or object to copy from.
	 */
	protected function copyFrom( $aThing )
	{
		foreach ($aThing as $theName => $theValue) {
			if (property_exists($this, $theName)) {
				$this->{$theName} = $theValue;
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Given an array or object, set the data members to its contents.
	 * @param array|object $aThing - associative array or object
	 * @return $this Returns $this for chaining purposes.
	 */
	public function setDataFrom($aThing) {
		if (!empty($aThing))
			$this->copyFrom($aThing);
		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new instance of whatever class this method
	 * is called from (MyClass::fromArray() makes a MyClass
	 * instance) and sets its properties to the values of the
	 * array param.
	 * @param IDirected $aContext - used to get Director object.
	 * @param array $anArray - associative array of data
	 * @return $this Returns the new instance.
	 */
	static public function fromArray(IDirected $aContext, $anArray) {
		$theClassName = get_called_class();
		$o = new $theClassName($aContext);
		return $o->setDataFrom($anArray);
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new instance of whatever class this method
	 * is called from (MyClass::fromObj() makes a MyClass
	 * instance) and sets its properties to the values of the
	 * object param.
	 * @param IDirected $aContext - used to get the Director object.
	 * @param object $anObj - object to copy data from.
	 * @return $this Returns the new instance.
	 */
	static public function fromObj(IDirected $aContext, $anObj) {
		$theClassName = get_called_class();
		$o = new $theClassName($aContext);
		return $o->setDataFrom($anObj);
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new instance of whatever class this method
	 * is called from (MyClass::fromJson() makes a MyClass
	 * instance) and sets its properties to the values of the
	 * JSON param.
	 * @param IDirected $aContext - used to get the Director object.
	 * @param string $asJson - JSON encoded string
	 * @return $this Returns the new instance.
	 */
	static public function fromJson(IDirected $aContext, &$asJson) {
		$o = self::fromArray($aContext, json_decode($asJson,true));
		return $o;
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new instance of whatever class this method
	 * is called from (MyClass::fromThing() makes a MyClass
	 * instance) and sets its properties to the values of the
	 * object or array param.
	 * @param array|object $aThing - thing to copy data from.
	 * @return $this Returns the new instance.
	 */
	static public function fromThing(IDirected $aContext, $aThing) {
		$theClassName = get_called_class();
		$o = new $theClassName($aContext);
		return $o->setDataFrom($aThing);
	}

	/**
	 * Return this payload data as a simple class, minus any metadata this class might have.
	 * @return string Return self encoded as a standard class.
	 */
	public function exportData() {
		return $this->constructExportObject();
	}

	/**
	 * JSON string for this payload data, minus any metadata the class might have.
	 * @return string Return self encoded to JSON.
	 */
	public function toJson($aJsonEncodeOptions=null) {
		$o = $this->exportData();
		$s = json_encode($o, $aJsonEncodeOptions);
		if ( json_last_error() != JSON_ERROR_NONE ) {
			$this->logErrors(get_called_class(), '::toJson error: ', json_last_error_msg());
		}
		return $s;
	}

	/**
	 * Utility function to convert a standard class to a specified class.
	 * @param StandardClass $aStdClass - the standard class to convert from.
	 * @param string $aClassName - the class to convert to.
	 * @return object Returns the converted class.
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException
	 */
	static public function cnvStdClassToXClass(StandardClass $aStdClass, $aClassName) {
		$x = serialize($aStdClass);
		//reach in and change the class of the serialized object
		$y = preg_replace('@^O:8:"stdClass":@','O:'.strlen($aClassName).':"'.$aClassName.'":',$x);
		//unserialize into new class
		$o = unserialize($y);
		if ($o!==false)
			return $o;
		else
			throw new IllegalArgumentException('Failed to convert from stdClass to '.$aClassName.'.');
	}

	/**
	 * Convert an instance of StdClass to this class.
	 * @param IDirected $aContext - used to get the Director object.
	 * @param StandardClass $aStdClass - the StdClass instance to convert from.
	 * @return object Returns the converted class.
	 */
	static public function fromStdClass(IDirected $aContext, StandardClass $aStdClass) {
		//$aContext->debugLog('costume stdcls: '.$aContext->debugStr($aStdClass));
		$o = self::cnvStdClassToXClass($aStdClass, get_called_class());
		//$aContext->debugLog('costume cls: '.$aContext->debugStr($o));
		$o->setDirector($aContext->getDirector());
		return $o;
	}

	/**
	 * Construct a standard object with all data fields worth exporting defined.
	 * @return object Returns a standard object with the properties to export defined.
	 */
	protected function constructExportObject()
	{
		$o = (object) Arrays::getPublicPropertiesOfObject($this);
		unset($o->myClassName);
		unset($o->mySimpleClassName);
		unset($o->myNamespaceName);
		unset($o->lastClassLoaded1);
		unset($o->lastClassLoaded2);
		unset($o->lastClassLoaded3);
		return $o;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the public fields defined by my descendant class.
	 * @return string[]
	 */
	static public function getDefinedFields() {
		return array_values(array_diff(Arrays::getPublicPropertiesOfClass(get_called_class()), array(
				'myClassName',
				'mySimpleClassName',
				'myNamespaceName',
				'lastClassLoaded1',
				'lastClassLoaded2',
				'lastClassLoaded3',
		)));
	}

}//end class

}//end namespace

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Many people buy life insurance by guessing at the amount of coverage they need. The result is that they could easily be over-insured or underinsured. The DIME method is one of two popular formulas for calculating the amount of life insurance needed. DIME stands for debt, income, mortgage, and education. Let's look at an example for a family of four with 2 children.
With a life insurance policy in the amount of $730,000, if the insured dies during the policy period, the surviving spouse will have enough money to pay off $50,000 in debt, pay off the mortgage, have $3,000 monthly in income for 10 years or more, and have $120,000 saved for their two children to attend college when the time comes. Money that is not needed immediately can be invested to accumulate cash and make the family even more financially secure.
NextNext post:Will a Life Insurance Company Insure You?


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Home Kollywood Movie Reviews Sulthan Movie Review
Sulthan Movie Review
The mass factor just won't go away from Tamil cinema. Even at a point when Tamil cinema is just starting to evolve to a different outlook, the market for mass commercial films still remains solid. The latest addition to the raucous styled films is Karthi's Sulthan. It is a hat trick release for the actor in this genre preceded by Thambi and Kaithi. Director Bakkiyaraj Kannan borrows mass and masala scenes from various popular movies, ties them together and paints them with rowdyism and agriculture. Did the two contrasting factors gel well to form an admirable art or did it end up just as a doodle? To know that let us get in to the movie review.
Sulthan opens with a pregnant woman being told that her child has a similar nature to that of popular Mahabharata character Abhimanyu – listening and learning from the conversations she has. That's how the fetus learns about its mother's yearning to bring her do-gooder mobster husband Sethupathi (Napoleon) and the gang he runs, to lead a normal life. The child is born. But sadly the mother passes away during delivery. The child is named as Vikram (Karthi) but the gangster clan calls him Sulthan. A crisis occurs between gangs and the child is put in the custody of Mansoor Bhai (Lal). Sulthan grows up to be a robotics engineer. Meanwhile, in a village, Jayaseelan (Ram), a cunning gangster tries to grab the agriculture lands of the villagers for a corporate company. The villagers seek the help of Sethupathi and he promises to help them. Unfortunately, in an encounter attempt he gets brutally wounded and loses his life. A newly appointed commissioner of police (Hareesh Peradi) in an attempt to restore law and order in the city comes after the gang members of Sethupathi.
Sulthan takes it up on himself to straighten the gang members. His father's promise to the villagers acts as a way to facilitate his mission. He takes the entire clan to the village to offer protection to the villagers. In the village they begin to assist people in farming. Sulthan meets Rukmani (Rashmika Mandanna), in the village. Yep, he falls for her. Then in walks a corporate boss greedy for farming lands. How will Sulthan save them? Will he take up the very violence path that he wanted his gang member to leave or will he resolve the issue diplomatically, is what makes the rest of the flick.
In his previous film story teller Bakkiyaraj Kannan entrusted on his hero's star power and comedy for success. In Sulthan he has tried to play it even safer. He has picked out two unique selling points of the industry; gangster and agriculture. And built two separate plots on them, ran them parallel, and at the right time merged them together to set the tone of his drama. To be fair, he has got everything in accord to the commercial Tamil film formula – omnipotent image to the protagonist, agriculture, violence, romance and songs. But he could not get the audience to pin for the characters and feel for what is happening on screen. He does the same mistake many of the film makers do – not being clear about what they want to deliver and using agriculture aimed just at shaking our conscience.
He wants to talk about farmers and their predicaments. But we do not get anything concrete till the end to understand their lives. All we get is some exaggerated fiction to evoke empathy. It is high time that the directors of Tamil cinema realize that this strategy is not working anymore. Also, there is this conflict angle where the take on violence shifts according to the hero's comfort. On one end, the hero takes his gang to the village to preach non violence but he ends up breaking bones. Seems like even violence is also only for privileged few! The characterization of the henchmen is another flaw. They are all the same and have no normal human emotions. The romantic track suffers due to lack of authenticity. Perhaps, we should be content with the female lead not depicted as 'loosu ponnu'.
Actor Karthi is natural. He seems to have gotten comfortable with breaking bones and pulls of the character with ease. Actress Rashmika Mandanna does not have anything to offer to the plot other than her charm. Actor Lal is fantastic as always. Veteran actor Napoleon makes his presence feel even in an extended guest appearance. Other than few portions comedian Yogi Babu's jokes do not land well. The rest of the cast has delivered a decent performance.
On the technical front, music director Yuvan Shankar Raja's background scores are deafening while Vivek & Mervin tracks do not make an impact. Cinematographer Sathyan Sooryan has done a decent job covering the flick. Editor Ruben has complemented the work of his colleague with his sharp trim.
On the whole, despite with flawed writing and conflict towards the very own message that the entertainer attempts to deliver, Sulthan manages to hold our attention.
Kaadan Movie Review
Mandela Movie Review
Thaen Movie Review
Iravin Nizhal Movie Review
Asuran Movie Review
Jackpot Movie Review
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Selfie Movie Review
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Anonymous May 4, 2021 - 9:47 am
Visitor Rating: 2 Stars
Anonymous August 15, 2021 - 3:49 pm

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The sophomore took over against Northern Illinois after junior Jonathan Crompton had struggled with mistakes and controlling the offense through Tennessee's first four games.
In some cases, Stephens' numbers are worse than Crompton's. Stephens has completed 49.3 percent of his passes for an average 135.5 yards per game compared to Crompton's 52 percent for an average 164.5 yards.
By comparison, Erik Ainge completed 62.6 percent of his passes for an average 251.6 yards last season as a four-year veteran playing with a hurt pinky and shoulder. He completed 67 percent of his passes for an average 229.9 yards in 2006.
With three touchdowns and no interceptions, Stephens has thrown one more touchdown and four fewer interceptions than Crompton in one fewer start.
Stephens is the first to acknowledge that the first interception is bound to happen sooner rather than later, but he's not worried about how it will affect his play.
"One thing I do pride myself on is if I do make a mistake I can put that behind me and go out and keep playing. I don't let it affect me mentally," he said.
That's because Stephens has a lot of moxie, offensive coordinator Dave Clawson likes to say. He's calm when the things aren't going his way, and when there's no one to throw to, he either throws the ball away or tries to make a play with his own feet.
Clawson said Stephens is actually better at managing a game than he is managing play during practice, which is opposite of what coaches said of Crompton earlier in the season.
"There's throws that (Stephens) makes in practice where you shake your head and say, 'What were you thinking?' He's managed games well so far and has got to continue to do that," Clawson said, knocking on the table in front of him.
Stephens said he tries out a few things in practice to see if they might work in a game and does whatever he can to learn from his mistakes on the practice field to prevent making them in a game.
That trial and error has helped him develop the long-ball threat that Crompton didn't have. Seventeen of his 33 completions have been for more than 10 yards, including completions of 43, 45, 52 and 60 yards.
Against an Alabama defense which ranks fourth nationally in stopping the run, the ability to use the long pass to shorten the field will be crucial for Tennessee (3-4, 1-3 SEC).
"It's really difficult against anybody to take the ball eight and 10 and 12 and 14 plays and drive the ball for scores. It's particularly difficult against a team like Alabama that gives you so many problems and is so physically talented," Fulmer said.
"We'll be looking for that play somewhere along the way, and we've been able to make that since Nick has been our quarterback," he said.


Grand Central new parking system will soon be implemented.
Food & Entertainment One of Toowoomba's newest bars will give patrons the chance to score one of 500 free hot dogs in an opening day special.
Council News TOOWOOMBA'S congestion woes should be solved by more walking, rather than more parking.
News PAID parking will soon begin at Grand Central and it has been met with mixed reactions from Toowoomba residents.
News BREAKING: Grand Central has announced the starting date of its paid parking ticketless system.


Anderson, named for Chief William Anderson, is located in Madison County (of which it is the county seat) northeast of Indianapolis along Interstate 69 and Highway 9 on the banks of the White River.
Anderson is part of the Indianapolis, Indiana metro area.
See more Indiana Cities and Towns.


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Running Wild with Bear Grylls Running Wild with Bear Grylls Season 6 Survivor
Running Wild with Bear Grylls S6E09 Watch Free Online
Posted on May 3, 2021 December 30, 2021 Author rushshows Comment(0)
Running Wild with Bear Grylls S6E09 Available after release date May 31 2021
Episode Descriprion
Running Wild with Bear Grylls Watch All Seasons
Running Wild with Bear Grylls Season 6 Watch Online
Episode 01 | Episode 02 | Episode 03 | Episode 04 | Episode 05 | Episode 06 | Episode 07 | Episode 08 | Episode 09 | Episode 10
Running Wild with Bear Grylls Show Summary
Running Wild with Bear Grylls is a survival skills reality television series starring Bear Grylls. In each episode, Grylls brings a different celebrity along on his adventures. The crew consists of host Bear Grylls, a story producer, two camera cinematographers, two field recordists, and a mountain guide. Celebrities such as Zac Efron, Channing Tatum, and Ben Stiller made appearances on the first season of the show. In season 2, Kate Winslet, Michael B. Jordan, Kate Hudson, Michelle Rodriguez, James Marsden, and then sitting President Obama appeared. The series' fourth season premiered on May 7, 2018. Grylls announced on October 27, 2018 that they will begin filming for a fifth season. In February 2019, it was announced that the show would be moving to National Geographic for its fifth season which premiered on November 5, 2019.
Special Forces World's Toughest Test Special Forces World's Toughest Test Season 01 Survivor
Special Forces World's Toughest Test Season 01 Episode 10 Watch Free Online
Posted on January 7, 2023 Author rushshows
Special Forces World's Toughest Test Season 01 Episode 10 Description Special Forces World's Toughest Test All Seasons Special Forces World's Toughest Test Season 01 Episode 01 | Episode 02 | Episode 03 | Episode 04 | Episode 05 | Episode 06 | Episode 07 | Episode 08 | Episode 09 | Episode 10 | Episode […]
Survivor The Amazing Race The Amazing Race Canada The Amazing Race Canada Season 08
The Amazing Race Canada Season 08 Season 01 Watch Free Online
Posted on July 2, 2022 July 6, 2022 Author rushshows
The Amazing Race Canada Season 08 Season 01 Description Come on Doodlebug The race begins at Place St-Bernard in Mont-Tremblant, Quebec, Canada. Teams must race to their first clue along with their bags. The Amazing Race All Seasons The Amazing Race Season 33 The Amazing Race Canada All Seasons The Amazing Race Canada Season 08 […]
Survivor The Challenge The Challenge Season 37
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The Challenge Season 37 Episode 17 Watch Free Online Descriprion Drop Dead With the Finals approaching, players scramble to stay out of elimination. No one can predict who the Compromised Agent will choose to battle in The Lair. Just when the players think they are in the clear, TJ drops a bomb that puts everyone […]
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Framework, floors, doors and walls are just few of the areas examined by the engineers. Demolition contractors will base their planning on the survey. Whereas water and electric lines are covered by the utility location. These utilities must be relocated temporarily during the demolition. The first aid team can provide emergency medical service in the case of injuries.
Then the safety precautions are tackled especially when there is a risk of fire or if it involves explosion. For the police and fire department, they are needed to manage the evacuation if there are incidents during the demolition.
The demolition company cannot continue with the job unless they have a plan to keep their workers safe within the demolition site. Planning for these aspects are among the primary focus of the demolition company. The demolition company must get a permit before they can even implement their plan. Demolition company covers all necessary areas like safety precaution, machinery to be used, the demolition process and even the standard of work.
If a demolition contractor neglect one or two of these aspects, it is better to look for another demolition company.


The 2012 Democratic National Convention was a gathering, held from September 4 to September 6, 2012, in Charlotte, North Carolina, in which delegates of the Democratic Party chose the party's nominees for President and Vice President in the 2012 United States national election.
Obama's Foreign Policy. The State of Ohio Voters. Ritz Carolyn and the NY Delegation. Cecile Richards of Planned Parenthood. Opinion: Google Hangout.


Bill Cody Brown, Jr., age 56, went to be with the Lord on Wednesday, January 16, 2019. He was born in Lubbock, Texas on May 11, 1962 to Betty Ann Clary Brown and Bill Cody Brown, Sr. He enjoyed competitive horse riding with the Stock Horse of Texas association, fabrication, entertaining and playing golf, but most of all, he enjoyed spending time with his family, especially his grandchildren and great-grandchild. He was an extremely committed person, not only to his family, but also to his community. He was the current Worshipful Master of Sampson Masonic Lodge #231 AF&AM, served with Baytown Youth Fair/Rodeo and Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo for over 30 years. He was a very helpful person to all, a selfless, talented, adventurous man who would give the shirt off his back to help out a person in need. He was a man of integrity and will always be loved and missed by all who knew him.
Cody is preceded in death by his mother Betty Ann Clary Zufelt, his grandmother Durine Phelps, and his Grandpa and Granny, Bruce and Ossie Clary.
Cody is survived by his beloved wife, Dana Brown; his children, Bucky and Angela; Crystal and Joe; and Vici and Doug; eight grandchildren and one great grandchild, his dad Bill Cody, Sr. and wife, Jane; step mother, Betty; five brothers and sisters: Annette, Billy, Travis, Brenda, and Dianna and a large extended family.
A visitation for family and friends will be held at Sterling-White Funeral Home 11011 Crosby-Lynchburg Rd. Highlands, on Sunday evening January 20, 2019 from 5:00 p.m. until 8:00 p.m. Services will be held in Sterling-White Funeral Home on Monday morning January 21, 2019 at 11:00 a.m. Interment will be in Sterling-White Cemetery. Arrangements entrusted to Sterling-White Funeral Home 11011 Crosby-Lynchburg Rd. Highlands, Texas 77562. To offer condolences to the family, please visit www.sterlingwhite.com.


Expert: the school network curriculum should be changed. Now we should emphasize "protect ourselves".
New Beijing News (Reporter Ni Wei) "Youth Blue Book - China Minors Internet Use and Reading Practice Report (2017-2018)" was released in Beijing today (September 10). According to the blue paper, the phenomenon of excessive Internet use is common among minors, which occupies a lot of spare time of minors. More than 54% of minors surf the Internet for more than one hour at a time, and 30% of them surf the Internet for more than two hours at a time.
The blue book shows that excessive Internet usage affects the physical development of minors. The survey found that many teenagers who go online cause vision loss, decreased outdoor exercise and musculoskeletal disorders. According to the Capital Internet Association survey, the current situation of minors'eyesight is generally poor, and the degree of myopia has an increasing trend every year, and the Internet has a great relationship, more than 90% of minors use digital equipment before going to bed every day.
Excessive Internet access also crowding many young people's learning time. The survey shows that about 28.8% of students use mobile phones to surf the Internet during their study, such as in class, during class and homework; many students use mobile phones in the classroom standby state, which to a certain extent makes students distracted in class, reduces the enthusiasm of students to participate in the classroom, affecting the effect of classroom learning.
In addition, excessive Internet access will also bring shallow reading, Internet addiction, information lost and other phenomena, which have adverse effects on the healthy growth of minors.
"The new situation of network development makes minors not only the recipient of information, but also the publisher. We urgently need to enhance the minors'Internet use literacy and guide them to obtain information, identify information and publish information correctly. Tang Xujun, director of the Institute of Journalism and communication, Chinese Academy of Sciences, told reporters. The phenomenon of "cultural feedback" appears in the development of the Internet. Many parents'Internet knowledge comes from their children's imparting, which leads to the lack of enlightenment education on the Internet.
Some experts pointed out that some schools Internet education still stay in teaching students to prevent viruses, protect the computer, but did not teach children to protect themselves. Ji Weimin, editor-in-chief of the Blue Book and deputy director of the Institute of Journalism and Communication of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that the Internet is not a monster of floods and that this generation of "Internet aborigines" can not be separated from the Internet. However, laws, schools, families, enterprises and other forces should work together to educate children and form a good network environment and habits for them.
The blue paper suggests that education authorities should introduce policies to encourage primary and secondary schools to carry out courses such as "network self-presentation", "network personal information security", "network social interaction" and so on, which should be included in the scope of school assessment and students'entrance grades.
In view of the threat of harmful information on the Internet to teenagers, Ji Weimin suggested that not only the relevant information issuing enterprises should be punished, but also the industry should form a self-discipline mechanism. "Violation of industry rules will be severely punished, or even banned. If enterprises are aware of the consequences, they will consciously create an environment conducive to teenagers using the Internet."
The blue paper is based on the results of the Ninth Internet Survey of Minors in China (2017). The sample covers 90 schools in 10 provinces and cities scientifically sampled. 6156 valid questionnaires were sent to the press conference by the Institute of Journalism and Communication of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the Social Sciences Literature Publishing House and the Children's Development Service of China. The center and China Youth Palace Association jointly held.


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When Art And Charity Collide
By Jo GreenSeptember 16, 2020No Comments
art4charity began, in many ways, as something to do during lockdown. In terms of prospects, few across the UK have suffered as much as creative professionals. It's no secret that Birmingham and the surrounding areas are home to some of the nation's most exceptional talent. There was plenty of thumb-twiddling and a lot of sitting on hands.
However, two business leaders from Birmingham, Paul Cadman and Nathaniel Hanna, refused to accept that this would be a significant hurdle for the city's creative industries. Instead, they set about assembling a team comprising some of the area's finest talent, led by internationally renowned graffiti writer Gent 48.
Graffiti writer Gent 48
While it was easy to become embroiled in the negativity, art4charity sought to bring Birmingham together, creating artwork that will stand the test of time, and put the region's creative talent front and centre. What better way to launch the initiative than with a direct COVID response?
The first project, entitled Forward in Unity, was outlined and planned with the explicit intent of celebrating the fact that Birmingham does not fold under pressure. As the home of some of the world's most renowned hospitals and medical staff, and allied with an indomitable spirit, Birmingham was as close as possible to being prepared for the unexpected.
You can view 'Forward in Unity' on Meriden Street in Digbeth
The finished artwork serves as one of the city's must-see attractions, on Meriden Street in Digbeth. Work is well underway on converting the piece into prints, with many of the biggest names from across the region contributing their signatures to limited edition artwork. While the unique coronavirus situation will live long in the memory, Birmingham creatives wished to mark the unprecedented event, while launching a sustainable initiative to ensure the city possesses the resources to move Forward.
Far from a one-off, art4charity has already completed its second project. Working, once again, with artist Gent 48, the initiative was responsible for the Record Breakers mural at St Andrew's, home of Birmingham City Football Club. The piece celebrates the city's generational sporting talents. It features Trevor Francis, the UK's first million-pound player, and Jude Bellingham, the Blues' youngest ever goalscorer and recent Borussia Dortmund signee.
The 'Record Breakers' mural at St Andrews featuring Jude Bellingham, the Blues' youngest player
Fundraising is crucial to art4charity's creative initiative. Through both projects, they have and continue to raise substantial funds for the Lord Mayor's Charity in Birmingham and other major charitable entities, including Acorns Children's Hospice, SIFA Fireside and St Mary's Hospice.
The initiative aims to continue to bring together the cream of creative talent in Birmingham and to utilise it to ensure that organisations throughout the region are well-placed not only to survive but to thrive and play an integral part in the future support and development of the area. With further projects under discussion, and through the continued support of artists, photographers, videographers and many more professionals from the West Midlands, art4charity seeks to bring together the famed talent and generosity of the region to ensure emergence from unusual times into a prosperous future.
Find out more about art4charity and how you can get involved at art4charity.co.uk
–ENDS-
>>Browse our exclusive collection of products from the region's leading independent brands and businesses>>
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Minima – Entertain
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Home Blog The World's 10 Most…
The World's 10 Most Popular Sports
By: Emily Asciutto | emily.asciutto@activecities.com
Nearly everyone has a sport they are passionate about, and in many cases entire countries share the same love for a certain sport. Whether it be support for a specific team or individual interest, the entire world can be mapped out based on the popularity of sports. Here is a list of the world's 10 most played sports, from continent to continent!
10. SKIING
Most Popular In:
Europe, North America
The downhill skiing speed record is 156.2 mph, held by Simone Origone of Italy.
9. RUGBY
The first time a national anthem was sung before a sporting event it was debuted at a rugby game.
8. WRESTLING
Central Asia, Eastern Europe
Wrestling was one of the original events of the Ancient Olympics and has been a part of the Modern Olympic Games since returning in 1896. Though it's only number 8, wrestling has a long history of being one of the world's most played sports.
7. BASKETBALL
Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, who played 20 seasons in the NBA, holds the record for most points scored in a career with 38,387.
6. TABLE TENNIS
A Table Tennis racket can be of any shape, size or weight according to International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) regulations. It's also easy to have a game pretty much anywhere, which is perhaps why it's one of the most played sports.
5. BASEBALL
North America, South America
A regulation baseball consists of 108 stitches. Yarn used to wrap the cork or rubber core can measure up to a mile in length.
4. CRICKET
Australia, India
The longest recorded match took place in 1939 between England and South Africa lasting 14 days; it ended it a tie.
3. AMERICAN FOOTBALL
The first official American Football game took place on November 12, 1892 between the Allegheny Athletic Association football team and the Pittsburgh Athletic Club. Since then, it's been one of the quintessential sports games of American culture, and certainly one of the most played.
2. ICE HOCKEY
The fastest slap shot on record belongs to Bobby Hull, clocked at 118 mph.
1. SOCCER/FOOTBALL
Africa, Europe, South America
There are over 1,000 activity changes in a soccer match, and players run an average of 6 miles throughout each game.
9 Incredibly Epic Human Feats Of Strength, Endurance & Perseverance
By: Rachel Brown | rachel.brown@activecities.com
5 Essential Pieces Of Equipment For Lap Swimming
By: Jason Miller |
Take Me Out To The Ballgame: A Historical Timeline Of Baseball→
←Yes, Quidditch Is A Real Sport, And It's Intense


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Farmers' suicide: Latur offers us an insight
Newsbred Staff
His roof didn't quite come down on him, but it did chase Gunwant around his farm. That image remains vividly etched in his mind. "The tin-roof of the shed on the edge of our land was torn off and came flying towards me," he recalls. "I hid under a pile of hay and managed to come out injury-free."
It isn't every day you get chased by a roof. The one Gunwant Hulsulkar was running from in Ambulga village had been ripped off by deadly winds accompanying a hailstorm there this April.
Emerging from under the hay-pile, Gunwant, 36, could barely recognise his own farm in Nilanga taluka. "It couldn't have lasted more than 18-20 minutes. But the trees had fallen off, dead birds were scattered around, and our livestock was badly injured," he says, pointing to the damage-marks left by the hailstorm on the trees.
There is a hailstorm or unseasonal rain every 16-18 months," says his mother Dhondabai, 60, sitting on the steps outside her two-room stone and mortar house in Ambulga. In 2001, her family shifted from cultivating pulses (urad and moong) to nurturing mango and guava orchards across their 11 acres. "We need to look after the trees through the year, but an extreme weather event of just a few minutes destroys our entire investment."
It wasn't a one-off phenomenon that occurred this year. Extreme weather episodes, including torrential rainfall and even hailstorms, have showed up in this part of Maharashtra's Latur district for over a decade now. Uddhav Biradar's small one-acre mango orchard, also in Ambulga, collapsed in a 2014 hailstorm. "I had 10-15 trees. They died with that storm. I made no effort to revive them," he says.
"The hailstorms continue," 37-year-old Biradar adds. "It was painful to see the trees after the storm of 2014. You plant them, take care of them, and then they are blown away in minutes. I do not think I could go through all this again."
Hailstorms? In Latur district of the Marathwada region? This is a place where, for well over half the year, the mercury is at or above 32 degrees Celsius. The latest hailstorm struck in the first week of April this year when temperatures ranged between 41 and 43 degrees.
But as almost every farmer here will tell you in exasperation, they can no longer figure out the behaviour of the taapman, havaman and vatavaran (temperature, weather and climate).
What they do comprehend is that the number of rainy days annually has dropped, while the count of hotter days has risen. In 1960, the year Dhondabai was born, Latur could expect at least 147 days annually that would see temperatures of 32 degrees or above, as data from an app on climate change and global warming posted by the New York Times shows. This year, that would be 188 days. When Dhondabai turns 80, there could be 211 of these very hot days.
"It's hard to believe we are approaching the end of July," Subash Shinde told me when I visited his 15-acre farm in Ambulga last month. The farm looks barren, the soil is brown and bears not a hint of green buds. Shinde, 63, takes out a handkerchief from his white kurta and soaks off the sweat from his forehead. "I usually sow soybean by mid-June. This time around, I might stay away from the kharif season altogether."
Farmers like Shinde, in this 150-kilometre stretch linking southern Latur to Hyderabad in Telangana, mainly cultivate soybean. Till around 1998, Shinde says, jowar, urad and moong were the primary kharif crops here. "Those required consistent rainfall. We needed a timely monsoon for a decent harvest."
Shinde and most others here shifted to soybean around the year 2000 because, he says, "it is a flexible crop. If the weather patterns change a bit, it does not collapse. It was attractive in the international market as well. We ended up saving money at the end of the season. Plus, the post-harvest leftovers of soybean could serve as animal fodder. But over the past 10-15 years, even soybean has not been able to deal with the erratic monsoons."
And this year, "those who have sown their crops are now regretting it," says G. Sreekanth, collector, Latur district. "Because the initial showers have been followed by a dry spell." There has been only 64 per cent sowing (all crops) across the district. In Nilanga taluka, 66 per cent. Obviously, soybean, which accounts for over 50 per cent of total cropped area in the district, has taken a big hit.
Latur is in the agricultural region of Marathwada and has a normal annual average rainfall of 700 mm. The monsoon arrived on June 25 this year and has been erratic since. At the end of July, Sreekanth told me that there had been a 47 per cent shortfall below the normal rainfall for that period.
In the early 2000s, says Subash Shinde, an acre of soybean yielded 10-12 quintals on an investment of around Rs. 4,000. Nearly two decades later, the price of soybean may have doubled from Rs. 1,500 to Rs. 3,000 a quintal, but, he says, cultivation costs have tripled and per acre output has halved.
The data of the State Agricultural Marketing Board support Shinde's observations. In 2010-11, soybean acreage was 1.94 lakh hectares, and production was 4.31 lakh tonnes, says the Board's website. In 2016, soybean covered 3.67 lakh hectares, but production was just 3.08 lakh tonnes. An 89 per cent increase in acreage, but a 28.5 per cent fall in production.
Madhukar Hulsulkar, 63, Dhondabai's husband, points to another feature of the present decade. "Since 2012, our use of pesticides has increased a lot. Just this year, we have had to spray 5-7 times," he says.
Dhondabai chips in with more insights on the changing landscape. "We used to come across kites, vultures and sparrows regularly earlier," she says. "But for the past 10 years or so, they have become rarer and rarer."
"Pesticide use in India is still below one kilogram per hectare," says Atul Deulgaonkar, Latur-based environmental journalist. "The US, Japan and other advanced industrial nations use 8 to 10 times as much. But they regulate their pesticides, we do not. Ours contain cancerous elements, which affect the birds around the farm. It kills them."
Shinde blames critical changes in climate patterns for the productivity drop. "We used to have 70-75 rainy days in the four-month monsoon period [June-September]," he says. "It would drizzle, consistently and gently. In the past 15 years, the number of rainy days has halved. When it does rain, it pours maddeningly. And that is followed by a 20-day dry spell. It is impossible to farm in this weather."
The India Meteorological Department's data for Latur support his observations. In 2014, rainfall in the four monsoon months was 430 mm. The next year, 317 mm. In 2016, the district got 1,010 mm in those four months. In 2017, that was 760 mm. Last year, Latur got 530 mm in the monsoon season, of which 252 mm came in the single month of June. Even in the years where the district receives its 'normal' rainfall, the spread and dispersal have been most uneven.
As Chandrakant Bhoyar, senior geologist with the Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency, points out: "Torrential rainfall in a limited time results in soil erosion. When, instead, it drizzles consistently, that helps the groundwater recharge."
Shinde can no longer depend on groundwater because his four borewells are, more often than not, dry. "We used to strike water at 50 feet, but now even borewells 500 feet deep are dry."
That throws up other problems. "If we do not sow enough, there is no fodder for the animals," says Shinde. "Without water and fodder, farmers are unable to maintain their livestock. I had 20 head of cattle until 2009. Today, just nine."
Shinde's mother, Kaveribai, still sharp and alert at 95, says "Latur was a hub of cotton since Lokmanya Tilak introduced it here in 1905." She sits on the floor with folded legs and needs no help to get up. "We used to have ample rainfall to cultivate it. Today, soybean has taken its place."
Shinde is happy his mother gave up active cultivation around two decades ago – before the hailstorms began. "They devastate the farmland within a few minutes. The biggest sufferers are those who own orchards."
In this relatively better-off southern belt, orchard-growers have indeed been particularly hit. "The last hailstorm came in April this year," says Madhukar Hulsulkar, taking me into the orchard where many yellow spots are visible on the tree trunks. "I lost fruit worth Rs. 1.5 lakhs. We are down to 50 trees from the 90 we began with in 2000." Now he's considering giving up on orchards as "the hailstorms are becoming inevitable."
Latur has, over a century, seen many shifts in cropping patterns. Once dominated by jowar (sorghum) and other millets, and to a lesser extent maize, it took to cotton in a big way from 1905.
Then came sugarcane from 1970, sunflower briefly, and large-scale soybean cultivation from 2000. The spread of cane and soybean was quite spectacular. In 2018-19, cane covered 67,000 hectares (say data from the Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Pune). And from one sugar factory in 1982, Latur now has 11. With the cash crops came the inescapable borewell explosion – there is no count of how many have been drilled – and intense groundwater exploitation. Over a 100 years of cash cropping in a soil historically attuned to millets has had its inevitable impacts on water, soil, moisture and vegetation.
Also, forest cover in Latur is just 0.54 per cent, says the state government website. Below even the pathetic Marathwada-wide average of 0.9 per cent.
"It would be wrong to make a narrow causal equation between all these processes and climate change," says Atul Deulgaonkar. "And difficult to support with hard evidence. Also, such change occurs across large regions and not within the human-drawn boundaries of a district. Marathwada, of which Latur is a small part, is experiencing profound changes in some ways linked to growing agro-ecological imbalances.
"But some correlation between the multiple processes does seem to exist across the larger region. And it is intriguing that extreme weather episodes and hailstorms really arrived and surged a decade after the last big crop shift and major changes in land use and technologies. Even if human activity cannot be condemned as the cause, it certainly contributes in significant measure to the climatic imbalances we're seeing."
Meanwhile, people are bewildered by the rising number of extreme weather episodes.
"Every agricultural cycle puts farmers under greater stress," says Gunwant Hulsulkar. "That's one of the reasons behind farmers suicides. My kids would be better off working as clerks at a government office." His perspective on farming has changed with the climate.
"Agriculture increasingly seems a waste of time, energy and money," says Subash Shinde. It was different in his mother's time. "Farming was our natural choice," says the effusive Kaveribai.
When I bid Kaveribai farewell with a namaste, she offers me a handshake instead. "Last year, my grandson saved money and made me travel on a plane," she says with a proud grin. "This is how someone greeted me on the flight. The weather is changing, I thought our greeting habits should also change."
(This piece is courtesy Counterpunch.org and written by Partha M.N. He is a 2017 PARI Fellow and an independent journalist reporting for various news websites. His nationwide reporting project on climate change is part of a UNDP-supported initiative to capture the phenomenon through the voices and lived experience of ordinary people).
Gunwant Hulsulkar Ambulga Nilanga taluka Dhondabai Uddhav Birdar New York Times Latur Subash Shinde Telangana Kharif crops Soyabean Madhukar Hulsulkar Atul Deulgaonkar Chandrakant Bhoyar Kaveribai Marathwada Vasantdada Sugar Institute
Number of Reads: 13
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Baich History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
Early Origins of the Baich family
The surname Baich was first found in Hertfordshire at Stanstead Abbots, a parish, in the union of Ware, hundred of Braughin. The first record that we could find was of Edward Bashe, the son of a Worcester tradesman who served in the naval victualling department for 40 years, and obtained a grant of Stanstead Abbots in 1559. His son Ralph Baesh built the church "situated on an eminence one mile south-east from the village in 1578." [1] And his son, Sir Edward Baesh founded almshouses for six widows in 1636, and a free grammar school. A few years later in the same parish, Rye House was home to the plot laid in 1683 against the lives of Charles II., and James, Duke of York.
Early History of the Baich family
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Baich research. Another 145 words (10 lines of text) covering the years 1510, 1600, 1616, 1661 and 1671 are included under the topic Early Baich History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Baich Spelling Variations
Before the advent of the printing press and the first dictionaries, the English language was not standardized. Sound was what guided spelling in the Middle Ages, so one person's name was often recorded under several variations during a single lifetime. Spelling variations were common, even among the names of the most literate people. Known variations of the Baich family name include Bashe, Bash, Bashy, Baesh and others.
Early Notables of the Baich family (pre 1700)
More information is included under the topic Early Baich Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Migration of the Baich family
To escape the political and religious chaos of this era, thousands of English families began to migrate to the New World in search of land and freedom from religious and political persecution. The passage was expensive and the ships were dark, crowded, and unsafe; however, those who made the voyage safely were encountered opportunities that were not available to them in their homeland. Many of the families that reached the New World at this time went on to make important contributions to the emerging nations of the United States and Canada. Research into various historical records has revealed some of first members of the Baich family to immigrate North America: Bashor Michel Bashor, aged 22, who arrived at Ellis Island from Beyrouth, in 1906; Th. C. Bashor, who arrived at Ellis Island, in 1919; and Thurston Bashor, aged 20, who arrived at Ellis Island, in 1920.
Baich (English)


The first thing your potential customers will see before they even begin to read your glowing descriptions are the photographs of your property.
Make sure that the rooms/areas are clean and tidy before you take your photographs. Make up the beds in good quality linen – have you noticed how hotels always make their bedrooms look inviting to ensure you are going to get a good night's rest?
And don't even think about taking your old stuff to your second home, there's nothing worse than sitting on a sofa covered in a throw to find out that it's hiding saggy, uncomfortable cushions!
Holidaymakers are going to choose your home because it looks well looked after and they want all the comforts of home – otherwise they might as well have stayed there!
Cover yourself with third party liability insurance, and building and contents insurance (which may be included in any mortgage arrangement you have) and get your renters to sign a booking contract with you. If you can't manage the bookings/calls yourself, nominate someone who can or look for a property management company who will also do the changeovers for you and a quick response to any enquiries could ensure that you get that all important booking.
If possible, provide a fire extinguisher, a first aid kit and pool alarm, if you have an indoor or outdoor pool (a legal requirement in France if not fenced off), patio or garden furniture and that all important BBQ for alfresco dining with colourful picnic crockery.
If you have a family home consider a TV/Radio/DVD/CD player – some come combined into one these days, Ipod dock for their own music, and books, games and jigsaws for family entertainment. A computer with internet access is a great way to keep teenagers occupied while their parents relax by the pool or in the garden.
For trips to the local shops you could also provide a few bicycles so they can wave to the neighbours as they pass.
In summer provide fans for warm evenings indoors and for winter lets supply logs for wood burning stoves or fires and install central heating. The more you have to offer the more likely you are to get more bookings and if you can provide linen and towels too, it will leave your holidaymakers more room in their car/cases for more important things they will need to enjoy their holiday.
Don't give out the address of your property until you have full payment from your renters.You can then send them details of how to get there and any useful local information such as doctor, dentist, and if you allow pets in your property the name of a good vet – for those cross channel injections plus an emergency number of a local contact, (which could be yourself if you live in the area or a designated property management company).
Put an information pack together which can be left in the house detailing the addresses of all the good restaurants in the area, where to shop, sights to see, days of the local markets, where sports can be played locally, a map of the area and a selection of things to do from your local tourist information office.
Once your renters have finished their holiday give them the opportunity to feedback some information to you about their stay. We left a questionnaire in ours and the comments ranged from: Would you like a coffee machine to save me making it in the teapot with the strainer and a new mattress for the bed as this is a bit lumpy (it was from a reputable store) but we duly supplied them and some people booked again for the following year!
Tell all your friends, family and work colleagues and ask them to pass it onto as many people as they can. Send them a link to Habitats Abroad so they can see your featured property.
You could design a small leaflet/poster to put up around your workplace or send as a pdf for your friends to do the same, and hand them out to people you meet. Don't be shy – you'll be amazed at what a talking point it will be.
Facebook, MySpace and Twitter are all places you can get the word out and even Ebay will allow a mention on your personal page about yourself.
And don't forget to upload your property details onto the Habitats Abroad website for just £150 a year. You can direct your potential customers to our website to see the full details of your property and if you put a link on your email signature that could generate even more traffic to your property. Just fill in your property details on our simple form and highlight all the benefits of staying in your home.
If your rental costs include all the extras such as linen, towels, cleaning and utilities this will be more appealing to a holidaymaker – so they know how much to budget for – than finding out there are lots of add-ons after they have booked. A bit like our favourite low-cost airlines!!


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Q: Changing odd (very high) ASCII chars in scraped HTML I am processing some HTML and it had some odd characters (which give a line feed when I use the print command) so I did the following:
d.each_char do |c|; puts c + " " + c.ord.to_s; end

I found it was a character with an ord of 9644.  It seems this is Unicode black rectangle.  There is also a ASCII 219 that looks similar so I wanted to map it to this ASCII code.  I tried:
d = d.gsub( 9644.chr, 219.chr)

This gave me an error "Exception: RangeError: 9644 out of char range".
Is there any way I can do this (i.e. change all ord.9644 to ord.219.
Alternatively can I change all characters over ASCII 255 to '?', even if I can it would be good to know how to do this.
Regards,
Ben

A: How about:
d.chars.map(&:ord).map { |int| int == 9644 ? 219 : int }.map(&:chr).join

If you want to simply replace all high values with ?, then use this instead:
high_limit = 999 # Use whatever integer your `#chr` method can handle
d.chars.map(&:ord).map { |int| int > high_limit ? 255 : int }.map(&:chr).join

The #chars method breaks a string up into an array of single characters, then map(&:ord) converts it into an array of integers representing the UTF-8 codes. The map with the conditional block replaces each occurrence of 9644 with 219 and leaves other integers intact. Finally we map the integers back to single characters with map(&:chr) and then join the resulting array of characters back into a string.
Note that this code creates a few arrays along the way, each of which is equal in size to the length of the original string, so using it on very large strings may consume a fair amount of memory. If this is the case, you might consider replacing map with map! to modify the array in place.


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Paysandu are ranked on the 14th place in the standings with 49 points, 40 goals scored and 44 goals received this season in Brasileirão Série B.In their last match they lost against Criciuma. Paysandu lost only one match from the previous 5 played before this game with Guarani.
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On this page you can find our predictions & bettings tips for the match between Guarani and Paysandu. Our predictions for Guarani vs Paysandu are based on a large number of factors such as direct meetings, Guarani last matches, Paysandu last matches, Guarani lineup, Paysandu lineup, standings, insider informations and so on. By visiting our website daily you will increase your winning chances. All the predictions posted here have a huge rate of success!


Use comprehensive knowledge to accurately perform and evaluate highly complex laboratory testing in an efficient manner. Demonstrate behavioral skills that contribute to a productive work environment and provide excellent customer service.
Will be 10 hour shifts - 9PM - 7AM and work 7 on and 7 off from Thursday through Wednesday.
Bachelors degree and completion of a certified clinical program in medical laboratory science OR associates degree and MT(HEW) certification required.
Effective communication skills, initiative, teamwork, and flexibility required.
Certified medical laboratory scientist by the American Society of Clinical Pathologists MLS(ASCP), American Medical Technologist (AMT) or equivalent within 12 months eligibility/graduation required. Equivalent certifications include Medical Technologist (MT (ASCP)) OR Clinical Laboratory Scientist certified by the National Credentialing Agency (CLS (NCA)) prior to 2004; have previously qualified as a technologist under 42 CFR.1433 §493.1491amended 01/19/93 [58 FR 5236] on or before 2/28/92; or International certification and qualification: International Medical Laboratory Scientist, MLS(ASCPi) 1 with approval from the ASCPi required.
Individuals who were certified beginning January 1, 2004 maintaining their certification by participation in the ASCP Board of Certification (BOC) Certification Maintenance Program (ASCP)CM required.
Progressive, successful experience in clinical laboratory medicine preferred.


Really cute house has been totally remodeled with modern features. All new flooring, Kitchen, New paint throughout, new tile in baths, new countertops in Kitchen and baths. The bonus room is a nice feature and can be a den, or anything. This house is move in ready!!!


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The 2004 Ladbrokes.com World Darts Championship was the 10th anniversary of the PDC version of the World Darts Championship. The tournament took place between 27 December 2003 and 4 January 2004 at the Circus Tavern, Purfleet, England.

An extra round was added, with the top 16 seeds given a bye to the third round, bringing the total players at the televised stages to 48. Ladbrokes, who sponsored the event initially for one year in 2003, decided to extend their deal and the prize fund was increased to £256,000. The Dutch television station, RTL 5 and Sky Sports both extended their deals with the PDC by three years. PDC chairman Barry Hearn announced that the tournament would be shown in Malaysia on pay-per-view.

Defending champion and number two seed, John Part suffered a surprise first-round defeat to Mark Dudbridge, his first match of the 2004 campaign.

The final became only the second ever (and first PDC) world final to go to a sudden-death leg. The first time it happened was when Phil Taylor beat Mike Gregory in the 1992 BDO final, Taylor was again involved and came out victorious against Kevin Painter. He came from 4–1 down to win his 11th world title.

The two losing semi-finalists came from different ends of darts experience. 56-year-old Bob Anderson, a World Champion 16 years earlier lost to Painter and Wayne Mardle was making his first PDC World Championship semi-final appearance. Mardle lost to Taylor for the second year running, following a third-round defeat as an unseeded player in 2003.

Seeds

Prize money

New format
To accommodate the change in the number of entries into the competition to 48, the format of the World Championship was again changed. 16 qualifiers would contest the first round, with the eight winners going through to the second round to meet players ranked between 25 and 32 inclusive in the PDC. These eight winners would go through to join the top 24 in the third round, where the tournament proceeded from the last 32 to the Final.

Results

Representation from different countries
This table shows the number of players by country in the World Championship, the total number including round 1&2.

External links
Tournament format

PDC World Darts Championships
PDC World Darts Championship 2004
PDC World Darts Championship 2004
PDC World Darts Championship
PDC World Darts Championship
PDC World Darts Championship
Purfleet
Sport in Essex


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Conundrum Press > Uncategorized > Under the Surface with Ariane Dénommé
Under the Surface with Ariane Dénommé
Nov 7, 2018 by Andy
In a recent review, Maisonneuve described Ariane Dénommé's 100 Days in Uranium City as, "A colourless world laden with the miners' unvoiced desires. But the chiaroscuro also creates a luminous beauty: a lamppost shining on snow on a barren street, or a starry night sky."
If you haven't already read 100 Days in Uranium City, you're missing out on an important piece of work. The graphic novel shines a light on the kind of life that remains invisible to many Canadians–the quiet isolation of uranium mining in 1970's Saskatchewan.
In this instalment of Under the Surface, we talk with Ariane about her process, what's next for her, and why she wanted to tell this story.
Why did you want to tell this particular story?
I was really interested in writing a story about work and its defining role in our lives. I've personally always had a complicated relationship with work, paid work especially, and for me, writing stories is the best way to think about things.
The project started with a completely different premise; I did not plan to write a mining story at all. But while I was visiting my parents, my father told an anecdote about the time he was working in this faraway mine, in Uranium City. I had never heard about this time in his life, so I was curious and I asked a few questions. And the more we talked, the more I felt that his story of working a hundred days in the mine was very compelling and moving. So, I threw away the old project and started anew, using our conversations as a starting point.
How much research was involved in putting together 100 Days in Uranium City?
I interviewed my father for many hours, talked to other people who work now, or have worked, in distant mines. I've read about the city itself – Uranium City—but I also watched a lot of documentaries made during the sixties and the seventies about mining in general, and mining towns. Many thanks to the National Film Board!
Tell us about your process—what comes first, the words or the pictures?
Definitely the words. I wrote this story many times before even starting to draw. I think in pictures, but I'm very slow to draw, so I write what I'm seeing, with a lot of details. On the other hand, the dialogue really comes at the end, when I draw the storyboard itself.
How do you know when a project is finished?
When I'm done rewriting the first chapter. That's always the last part, and the most difficult one. I think for this book I drew the beginning at least four times.
What do you hope people take away from this comic?
The first thing I wanted to do with this book is to make work—the daily, grinding, and sometime crushing, experience of work that many live every day—visible. I hope people will be touched by this story of a guy working to make a living. I might have a secret political agenda, but I think I've succeeded in keeping it to myself, and in letting the story live its life.
I'm writing a melancholic sci-fi book! I'm done with the research and the scenario, and starting the storyboard. I thought mining machinery was a pain to draw, but space shuttles are worse.