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Empire of Liberty: The Louisiana Bargain
Posted on April 11, 2018 March 29, 2018 by Brett Sebastian
Excerpt from Christopher Littleton's "Bonaparte", Random House Publishing, 2012.
The surrender of Field Marshal Michael von Melas' army and negotiated end of the siege of Mantua secured northern Italy for France from the exhausted Austrians. On June 28, the siege formally ended and the Austrians limped back east. Napoléon met Léonard Mathurin Duphot on July 1, they had not seen each other since Napoléon had left for Egypt nearly three years prior. On July 8, the Consul was back in Milan enjoying the company of Signora Giuseppina Grassini. Peace feelers went out to the Emperor and Napoléon pored over reports and correspondence sent from Spain.
Wishing to ride the political capital of his victories (and finally conclude peace with Austria), he arrived in Paris before the end of the month. On his expedition northward, Napoléon sent dispatches preparing forces and supplies for another quick expedition to Spain. Wanting to ensure his reign was shored up by his victories, and believing his success in Italy had surely earned the peace, he was clearly preparing to head towards Madrid and steal the spotlight from General Louis Lazare Hoche.
Events conspired against this.
First, Napoléon needed to spend time in the capital to stabilize his still nascent rule, even with the political capital earned from his victory. Secondly, it became clear that Austria was not ready to negotiate just yet. Frustrated, Napoléon found himself forced to send a decent portion of his waiting forces back towards Lombardy to cement France's position in the region. Napoléon gave an exhausted André Masséna command of this force and ordered him to keep watch on the road from Vienna. Initially lamenting his inability to return to France, Masséna ultimately found a quiet front and a long period of diligent relaxation in the comforts of Milan. This also meant that Napoléon needed to remain in France in the event he needed to hurry east into the Germanies and assist (or overtake) Jean Victor Marie Moreau. Napoléon desired to capture Madrid but no matter what happened on that front at this point there was no way the Spanish could mount an invasion of France. If Moreau encountered disaster, an army of Germans could be in Strasbourg or Charleoi in a matter of weeks. Lastly, France needed Napoléon to put down the sword and take up the gavel as there was still much work left to do in "finishing the revolution".
Even if Napoléon had pushed south towards Spain, he would not have made it out of France before the war came to an effective end. After three days of intense maneuvering, the twin French armies under Hoche and Pierre Augerau managed to link up and wheel directly into General José de Urrutia y de las Casas' army outside of Madrid. Spain nearly took the decisive Battle of Coslada on August 3 but a key cavalry charge broke Spanish lines at the last minute. King Charles IV, observing the battle, found his position quickly and unexpectedly overrun by French cavalry who took him hostage. Madrid fell that night with Spanish Chief Minister, José Moñino y Redondo, the 1st Count Floridablanca, surrendering the city to Hoche while the two other members of the reformist triumvirate, Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos and the Crown Prince Ferdinand, fled south. Eventually they would reach Málaga, discretely secure passage to the Spanish North African port of Ceuta and then crossed the Atlantic to Cuba from there.
Three breakaway republics flanked the northern border between Spain and France, Madrid stood in French hands, a sense of lawlessness ruled the countryside and the Bourbon rulers were scattered. Spain stood in chaos that fall while the French and Spanish (and the Aragonese, Catalan and Basque puppet republics) worked out a permanent reordering of Iberia. Naturally, Napoléon took a great interest in events there but wanted to ensure whatever new order came to the Peninsula would 1) last, 2) benefit France, and 3) maintain the coming peace, especially that with Britain. Napoléon was correct to fear British response to the sudden collapse of Spain, James Graham, the Marquess of Graham, the Portland Government's Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs wrote that fall:
"Few argue the desire for at least a brief moment of peace between ourselves and the French but many had hoped that brief might mean five years, not five months."
Portland made more than a few references to the integrity of Portugal, citing the ancient 1386 Anglo-Portuguese alliance that both parties historically honored [1]. While the events in Spain largely occurred apart from Napoléon's rule, he did provide a shrewd peace and found a way to make Britain happy and lower the potential pressure on Portugal. In a vaguely worded letter to King John VI of Portugal, Napoléon essentially told him "accept this gift, or else" and offered the Portuguese favorable border corrections on their long eastern border with Spain, all of Spanish Galicia, the Canary Islands and the right bank of the Rio de la Plata and Uruguay River. With such an offer on the table, and no real way to successfully defend from a French invasion, John VI accepted the deal.
Hard fought negotiations ensued resulting in the Treaty of Zaragoza, formally adopted in March of 1801. The treaty essentially codified the Partition of Spain and outlined the division of the empire. The treaty wiped away Spain and replaced it with a renewed Kingdom of Castile, a new Republic of Aragon and Catalonia, a new Basque Republic, and a new Duchy of Galicia. The new duchy would be in personal union with the Portuguese monarchy, Aragon and Catalonia would be consolidated as they often historically had been, and Charles IV would retain his throne, albeit as the King of Castile with a constitution that essentially made him a figurehead. In fact, Charles IV would never return to Madrid, the queen and the vindictive Manuel Godoy would essentially keep him imprisoned in Zaragoza. France gifted Portugal various territorial slices of Spain to remain quiet and keep the British from interfering.
As for the empire, the great inheritance that had sparked the War of the Spanish Succession a century before, Napoléon divided it down the middle. Spanish holdings in North America and the Caribbean would go to Castile while Spanish South America went to Aragon-Catalonia. Spain's African possessions (save for Ceuta and Melilla which remained with Castile) went to Portugal while Spain's Asian possessions went to France. To add insult to injury, Castile "sold" the former Louisiana Territory back to France and agreed to enforce the cessation of Santo Domingo to Paris as well (a holdover issue from the peace made after the War of the First Coalition).
With a few strokes of the pen, the glorious Spanish Empire died with a whimper.
Amazingly, the impact throughout Europe was underwhelming. The assassination of Tsar Paul I in March and succession of Alexander in Russia ensured they would not intervene. With General Moreau's December 3, 1800 victory at Hohenlinden, the Hapsburgs found themselves thoroughly beaten and were in no position to raise a problem. Prussia and Sweden protested but lacking substantial naval or land forces to contest the issue their complaints fell on deaf ears. France effectively bribed Portugal and the Dutch were in no position to oppose Paris. This left lonely Britain with a pacifist government. Portland actually put out feelers for a renewed coalition but found no takers amongst the powers and his own government was lacking in enthusiasm. Spread thin navally by the Treaty of London as the British established their presence in the Caribbean, the Cape, the East Indies and further into India; the Admiralty opposed French expansion but found itself out of position for a renewed world war. There is also the issue of patience for some correspondence indicates that the Portlandites assumed Britain and France would go back to war at some point, they just figured it would occur in a few years once Britain had sorted out its finances, colonies and navy.
Yet, the most interesting response came not from Europe but from America.
Excerpt from Michelle Orrego's "Jeffersonian Democracy", Chile State University Publishing, 2018.
The Presidential Election of 1801 was a referendum on many issues lingering from the War of the Second Coalition. On one hand, John Adams was tremendously popular due to the success of the overall American war effort. As commander-in-chief, he took the credit (along with Commodore Thomas Truxton) for the victories and the expansion in territory. He also received credit for successfully handling the executive transition at the head of the unity ticket. Domestically, Adams took considerable flack for the Alien and Sedition Acts and politically lost the slave states when he and the Federalist congress agreed to, and pushed through, the annexation of Haiti.
The loss of the slave states eliminated the Federalists as a viable party in the Electoral College. Refusing to rally around Adams and the Federalists, a party that Virgin Islands' Congressman Charles Walton referred to as "a mob of scheming merchants, abolitionists and bankers" the slave states flocked to the Democratic-Republican banner and their presidential candidate: Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson appeared destined for a landslide victory until word arrived that summer that France had just taken Louisiana and Santo Domingo. Suddenly the old pre-war factions of Federalist/British and Republican/French returned and threw the election into chaos.
Seeing an opportunity, pro-Federalist newspapers and pamphlets reminded voters about Jefferson's francophilia. Republican newspapers painted Adams as a tyrant who had poked the French tiger and brought doom upon the frontier. They rebutted Federalist propaganda by indicating that Jefferson was pro-republican, not pro-Napoléon. The impact of these late efforts was mixed. Personally, the French expansion deeply disturbed both Adams and Jefferson. Most of the founding fathers harbored hopes of exporting the American Revolution to distant shores, but all believed that America's future lie in the bountiful west. For many, Spanish possession of western lands acted less as a threat and more as a convenient placeholder for eventual, assumed, American acquisition. While Spain was a declining old power that could act as a glorified trustee to American ambition, Napoléonic France was exactly the opposite.
Napoléon's initial reaction to the renewed overseas empire is scattered to say the least. To demonstrate, let us examine two letters sent on the same day: May 19, 1801. In a letter to Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord, Napoléon's foreign minister:
"With these three territories we shall combine the best of the empires of Spain, the Bourbons and the English. Oriental goods will sail across the Pacific to Louisiana where trade will occur in silver and spices. That wealth will flow east on our own fleet of treasure ships. Louisiana will provide food and supplies to Santo Domingo where sugar will be grown and sent to Europe. Our African outposts will provide the labor and our ports will grow rich again. Soon we will rival the English and Americans in world trade."
Obviously, this was a farfetched plan built on assumptions about resources that did not actually exist. None of Napoléon's newly acquired Louisiana possessions contained silver, or a Pacific port for that matter (we assume he is referring to Castilian California as a French possession or he intended to conquer one or eventually force a sale). The same day in a letter to Lucien:
"I renounce Louisiana. I renounce Santo Domingo. It is not only New Orleans or the island that I cede; it is the whole continent, without reserve; But only we shall know this. I know the price of what I abandon…I renounce it with the greatest regret: but perhaps our possession, however brief, can serve a purpose. With these territories I will forge an alliance with the United States. Then England shall have a maritime rival that sooner or later will humble her pride. [2]"
That letter to Lucien demonstrates that, no matter how scattered Napoléon's thoughts on empire could be, he had already begun to theorize what would become the Louisiana Bargain.
The United States put out immediate feelers regarding a purchase, even if it could only obtain New Orleans, but these late Adams Administration efforts had little luck while Napoléon weighed his imperial options throughout 1801. Perhaps Napoléon simply did not want to sell to the president who had bested France only two years before. These failed efforts played slightly into Jefferson's hand during the election and by October, even after votes had already been cast in some locations; Jefferson's supporters began postulating that only a pro-French republican government could bargain with actual French republicans.
Ultimately, Jefferson won the election largely thanks to solid support by slave states as backlash over the Haitian Question expelled the Federalists from most elected positions south of the Mason-Dixon Line [3]. Jefferson was able to assemble a more robust negotiating team on the issue including Robert Livingston, James Monroe and Jean Pierre Rochambeau. In France, Napoléon and François Barbé-Marbois handled the negotiations. Marbois had formerly lived in America and knew Jefferson personally so his enrollment into the proceedings was more natural than Talleyrand who had already soured his goodwill with America during the XYZ Affair. Lucien and Joseph Bonaparte opposed a sale wholeheartedly, though Napoléon refused to listen to them.
Negotiations lasted from December 1801 to May 1802 (Livingston's role was technically illegal as Adams would be president until March 1802 and he was negotiating on behalf of Jefferson) and were complex to say the least. At one point, Livingston inquired as to how far north the territory's boundaries lie. The reply was vague and equated to "we aren't sure and we suppose it could be whatever we think it should be". The final deal, brokered by Rochambeau and Monroe resulted in the Louisiana Bargain, one of the most controversial decisions in American history.
In the Bargain, the United States would pay $18 million for both Louisiana and Santo Domingo over five years. France would immediately cede New Orleans. At the end of three years of good faith payments, Santo Domingo would transfer to the United States while the rest of Louisiana Territory would transfer at the end of five years. A secret provision of the treaty, and easily the most controversial known to only a handful, would be that the sales were contingent on an alliance treaty between the United States and France.
——— Author's Notes ———-
[1]: In our timeline the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance is generally regarded as the oldest continually active alliance that is still in force today.
[2]: This quote is fake but I want to note that it is stitched together and modified from two actual Napoleonic quotes.
[3]: The Mason-Dixon Line stems from a 1760's survey line of the Pennsylvania-Maryland-Virginia-Delaware border by Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon. The term "Mason-Dixon Line" has a 19th century vibe due to its important delineation as the boundary between the slave-holding south and the free north (save for Delaware which was a slave state until the end of the Civil War) but the term itself dates before the revolution.
Meacham, Jon. Thomas Jefferson: the art of power. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2013.
Roberts, Andrew. "Napoleon: A Life." Penguins Books, 2014.
Posted in Empire of LibertyTagged Alternate History, aragon, basque, castile, catalonia, counter factual, dominican republic, france, History, jefferson, john adams, louisiana, napoleon, philippines, spain, talleyrand, United States
Empire of Liberty: Rise of the Raj
Empire of Liberty: State of the World – Nov. 1801


Sublime Text 2 plugin to sync project sidebar (folder view) with currently active file.
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Save this in a new file named Tab Context.sublime-menu in your Packages/User folder.
I'm building a website for a client of mine. The site is aimed at people nearing retirement age, and I initially picked out a color scheme that used a lot of muted earth tones.
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Sublime Text is a powerful, full featured editor for manipulating text files, code, web pages, and more. At first use it might be hard to imagine that it would ever be missing anything. Then one day you find yourself wishing it had that one feature from that other editor you used to use. Or perhaps you have that moment of brilliance when you conceive an idea for a feature to end all features, and you realize you must write a plugin.
Plugins can be created for a variety of reasons and often are designed to solve some type of problem, shortcoming, or even just make our lives a little easier. Take a few moments to do a search on the Internet for "sublime plugins". Go on, I'll wait.
Take notice of the sheer number and styles of plugins available. Also note the "Top 10" lists, tutorials, guides, and unofficial document sites. Plugins range in features from auto-formatting text to validating code, HTML and web page stylesheets. If you feel that something is missing from, or could be done better in Sublime Text there is a good chance there is a plugin available. If not this is your chance to write one and make a difference!
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One of the first steps to take involves not only deciding what you want to make, but how you and your users will use and interact with your plugin. Having thought this out will have an impact on where you begin when you start typing your first lines of code. Having some idea of how you envision your plugin working will help solidify the idea in your mind and make the transition into writing and implementing code easier.
For the purpose of demonstration let's pretend you write a lot of web pages for clients. Much of your work involves creating the same HTML5 boilerplate code over and over again for each client or project you take on. So you've decided that you want to have some way in Sublime to quickly make a new HTML file with all the normal elements you would put into a new page. Think about what might go into that. Clearly you want your DOCTYPE, head and body sections. Perhaps you also put a meta tag with author information in every page you make. Would it be useful to include this in your output when you run your new imaginary plugin? You bet.
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In our imaginary scenario there are already a few ideas starting to form. A user runs a command and a new tab opens up with a fresh, clean HTML5 template. Already this information is enough to provide some guidance on how we can start writing our plugin. Sublime Text supports a couple of types of plugins. In our case the type that makes the most sense is a WindowCommand. A WindowCommand is a plugin that works at a window level, meaning that the user does not have to have a file or empty tab already open to run your plugin. This is useful in our case because we want to create a new tab anyway!
Now we have some idea of what we wish to create, and a little information on what kind of plugin we can craft in Sublime to achieve this goal. I'm sure by this point you are anxious to dive right in and start writing code. If you are already a seasoned Python developer feel free to do so! However if you have never seen any Python code, or don't even know what Python is you may want to take a little time to visit the Python website.
Python is a high level, powerful, and very easy to use programming language. It is a language the preaches readability of code as one of its most important tenets. Sublime Text is written in Python and as a result so are any plugins you wish to write or install. Here are a few resources that are worth going over to begin grasping some of the basics of what you will need to write Sublime Text plugins.
In this section we will dive right into the action. It is worth noting that in this article I will be presenting code compatible with Sublime Text 3. Version 2 will be similar and will have only a few small differences. We are going to take our idea for a command that generates an HTML5 template and bring it to life. We have already determined that we will need to create a WindowCommand type of plugin so the next step is to open up our Sublime Text editor and create a new file by pressing CTRL + N on Windows and Linux, or CMD + N on Mac.
Plugins are stored in a specific location. Go to your menu and select Preferences -> Browse Packages which then takes you to your Sublime Text user directory. In Sublime Text 3 you should see a folder named Packages. Create a new directory in this folder and name it Html5Template. We should also go ahead and save our plugin file even though we haven't written any code yet. Go ahead and press CTRL + S (CMD + S on Mac), and give your plugin file the name Html5TemplateCommand.py. Please pay special attention to case as this does make a difference to Sublime. When you reference your new plugin in shortcut keys or command configuration files each capital letter signifies a word, and Sublime will assume underscores before each word. So to reference your new command you would use html5_template. More on this later.
The first few lines of most any Python script begin with import statements. Import statements are commands that tell the Python interpreter to include functions and methods from other libraries so they can be used by your script. In our case we need to tell the Python interpreter to import Sublime libraries. There are two libraries we will need to import.
These two import commands, or statements, tell Python that we want to have access to the sublime and sublime_plugin libraries.
Now we need to put together the code that will be our new command. In Sublime new commands are Python classes that extend specific Sublime classes. Think of a class as a blueprint to some thing. After you define the blueprint you may create one or more instances of this thing. As an example imagine you have a blueprint for a birdhouse. You only have one blueprint, but using that blueprint allows you to craft multiple birdhouses. Each birdhouse that you build is an instance.
Let's begin with the shell of what we need. All Sublime plugins must have at least one method named run(). When your plugin runs, or executes, it calls the run() method. Let's start our new class and method which for now will simply display some text in the Sublime Text console.
Save your work. Now let's create a file that gives Sublime Text a new command to display in the Command Palette that will run our new class. Create another new file, name it Html5TemplateCommands.sublime-commands, and save it in the same directory where the Python script lives. In this file put the following code.
Save this, then let's test what we have. Our new command only prints to the console at the moment. To open the console press the CTRL + ~ keys. Now we are going to run our new command. To do this bring up the command palette by pressing CTRL + SHIFT + P and a drop down box will be presented. Start typing the letters new html and the box should start to filter out possible matching commands. You should see your new HTML5 template command! Select it and press Enter. The console should display the words Starting Html5TemplateCommand. Sweet!
Now we want to make our plugin do something useful. The first thing to do here is tell Sublime we wish to create a new file when our command is run. Inside the run() method, after the print() command let's insert the following code.
The first line of code listed above will create a new file tab, and you now have a reference to it in the variable named buffer. The second line of code is going to run the command html5_template_text against this new tab.
But what is html5_template_text? This is a command that you haven't written yet! But do not worry, you are about to. Before we do you must know why. You see our plugin need to write text to a "buffer", or tab. Sublime Text 3 does not let you do this directly, however, and TextCommand plugins are the best way to write to a buffer. So what we are going to do is create another class that will handle the writing to our new tab. That looks like this.
The first few lines should look familiar. We are making a class, though this time we are basing it off of the TextCommand Sublime class. We also have our required run() method and it takes an additional argument. The argument named edit is a reference to the editable region in our new tab.
The next lines of code simply define a string, or sequence of characters. This string should look familiar as it is an HTML5 template, complete with title and meta tags. The final line calls the method insert() on the view object. Don't worry too much about that right now. It is sufficient to know that this view object affords us the ability to insert text onto a tab. To do this you must pass it the edit region, a starting location, and the string to insert. For our case we want to insert our HTML5 template string at the beginning of the edit region.
This new code stays in the same file you've been working in, Html5TemplateCommand.py. Let's take a look at the whole listing of code.
Go ahead and save your work and try running the command again. If all goes well you should have a new tab open with a simple HTML5 template! Feel free to play with the template string and customize it to add your personal flair.
Sublime plugins are an awesome way to extend and enhance this powerful text editing tool. It is even more special when you choose to share your plugin with the world. In this section we'll talk briefly about how you can share your work with others so they can benefit from your awesome new work too!
The first step in sharing your plugin is putting it somewhere in a version control system. I will not be going over the details of how to use, or even how version control works. Hopefully it will suffice to say that putting your source code into a system that keeps track of changes over time is a worthwhile endeavor.
One of the most popular version control platforms in the world today is GitHub. They offer a solid application for storing and versioning your source code, as well as powerful tools to allow other people to contribute to your plugin.
For a good tutorial on getting started with Git and GitHub, take a look at this post on Readwrite.com.
If you have been using Sublime Text for longer than just a little bit there is a good chance you have heard of, or are even using Wbond's Package Control plugin. This nifty piece of software makes installing plugins in Sublime super easy.
As a plugin writer you definitely want to make your plugin available for installation via Package Control. The benefits are clear. This tool makes installing your plugin easy for users. It provides the ability to automatically push updates of your plugin to your users without any effort. The choice is quite easy.
Submitting your plugin to Package Control is a pretty straightforward process. The high level steps are as follows.
Forking and sending pull requests are well documented processes, and I highly encourage you to research these activities on the Github website.
Adding your plugin to the Package Control repository is pretty easy. After you fork Wbond's repository you will have your own local version. In your working copy there is a folder named repository. In this folder there are .json files for each letter of the alphabet.
For explanation purposes let's assume you are submitted your new HTML5 template plugin, and you want to call it HTML5 Template. You would open h.json and find the place to put your new plugin entry. Each file has plugin entries in alphabetical order. Once you've located the correct spot you would create an entry that looks like this.
That block on JSON data says three things. The first indicates the proper name of your plugin. In our case that will be HTML5 Template. The second piece of information, details, indicates the URL to find out more about your plugin. The main Github page for your plugin is a great place to point to.
The next key, releases, is an array, or list, of release versions. In this sample there is only one place to find releases, and that is the master version location of the source code. You may also note an asterisk next to the key sublime_text. This tells Package Control that your plugin works in Sublime Text 2 and 3.
For more details on how to contribute to the Package Control repository see the official package submission instructions.
Building a Sublime plugin can be a very rewarding exercise. Python is a very powerful language with a low barrier for entry, making plugin building an enjoyable experience. Once you become more comfortable with building plugins I highly recommend putting them on GitHub and contributing to Package Control. The more people who use your plugin the better it will become!
Adam Presley has been developing software since the age of 12 years old, starting out on the great Commodore 64! Starting his career in C/C++ in the Document Imaging industry, Adam's first exposure to the world of web development began in ASP Classic.
Over the years he has architected software solutions for various industries as a software engineer and architect, including medical, real estate, eCommerce, and non-profit. Adam crafts applications in ColdFusion, PHP, C#, Groovy, Python, and more.
Adam has also written a few Sublime plugins, including View In Browser and Debug Killer.
He blogs at www.adampresley.com and tweets as @adampresley.
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Maybe you like to work with Sublime in full screen or distraction free mode, and the first thing you do when you open it is switch to your preferred display style.
Maybe you share your settings between several computers and wish that Sublime was smart enough to change a few settings depending on your operating system.
Or maybe you just want a freakin' panel to stay open.
That's the one that got me recently. I was writing and testing plugin code for my upcoming book, [Writing Sublime Plugins].
When you're writing a Sublime plugin in Sublime, restarting the editor frequently is the name of the game.
For the most part, it's painless, since Sublime remembers your open tabs. But I also needed the Sublime console open so I could see errors, and there's no way to keep that panel visible across restarts. I was wearing out the Ctrl+` combo on my keyboard. It got old.
I finally decided that I could probably fix this plugin-writing annoyance with a plugin (how meta), and it turned out to be even simpler than I'd guessed.
Better yet, you can use this same approach to run just about any arbitrary command when Sublime launches.
In the code above, we're defining a plugin_loaded method. When Sublime loads our file, it will see this method and automatically execute any code it contains.
In plugin_loaded we're getting a reference to the current Sublime window and using its run_command method to execute the show_panel command. This command is what displays panels like the find and replace panels. In this case, we're letting Sublime know that we want the console panel.
Note: This plugin only works in Sublime Text 3. The plugin_loaded API method didn't exist in Sublime Text 2.
To install the plugin, first launch the command palette and run Preferences : Browse Packages. This opens your file browser to the Packages directory. Create a new folder in this directory folder called PinConsole.
Now switch back to Sublime and click File | Save to open the file save dialog. Browse to the Packages/PinConsole folder you just created, then save the plugin file as pin_console.py.
The plugin_loaded hook is extremely useful–the possibilities are endless. You could use it to automatically update your git repository. Or if you use Dropbox to sync settings between computers, you might use it to set a different font size on your Windows desktop (with it's giant 4K monitor) than you use on your MacBook Air.
This is just a small example of what you can do with a basic knowledge of Sublime's plugin system and APIs. Understanding these principles unlocks a whole universe of power and flexibility.
You settle into your chair with your morning coffee and take a look at your next task.
Sublime's support for keyboard navigation is a huge time saver, but sometimes it helps to be able to be able to browse to a file quickly.
Here a couple of tools to help you track down the current file in the side bar so you can delete or rename it.
The SyncedSideBar plugin links the side bar to the editing window so that the current file is always visible and highlighted in the side bar.
You can install SyncedSideBar via Package Control, and it's compatible with both Sublime Text 2 and Sublime Text 3.
If you've already made the leap to Sublime Text 3, you can take advantage of the new Reveal in Side Bar command. Just right-click the open file and select Reveal in Side Bar.
There's no keyboard shortcut for Reveal in Sidebar, but you can easily create one. Just run the Preferences: Key Bindings – User command in the command palette.
P.S. Get more tips every week! Sign up for my free Sublime Text Tips newsletter, and as a bonus, I'll send you a FREE 12-page guide to Sublime's advanced editing features so you can start using Sublime more effectively–today.
Sublime's project files are a lifesaver. Just by adding a folder to your project you can instantly open anything in the folder with the magic of Goto Anything.
But that convenience is enough to make you resent having to dig around in your file manager every time you need to switch gears and work on another project.
Wouldn't it be great if you could switch projects just as easily as you switch files within a project?
To use Quick Switch Project, click Project | Quick Switch Project or hit Ctrl+Alt+P on Windows and Linux or Ctrl+Cmd+P on OS X. Use the arrow keys to highlight a project, or start typing to filter the list. Press Enter to open the project you'd like to switch to.
Projects only appear in this list once you've opened them, so if you check out some fresh code, you'll still have to open it from the file manager the first time around.
Once a project appears in this list, there isn't an easy way to remove it. One option is resetting the list of recent projects. To reset the recent projects list, click Projects | Recent Projects | Clear items. If you nuke your recent projects list, you're back to square one and will need to reopen projects by hand before you can use Quick Switch Project again.
A more surgical option is editing the list by hand. The recent projects list is stored in a file named Session.sublime_session. The easiest way to find this file is to use the command palette to run Preferences : Browse Packages command to open the Packages folder. Browse up a level, and look for a folder named Local (in Sublime Text 3) or Settings in Sublime Text 2. Open the session file and search for the name of the project you'd like to remove.
P.S. Do you love using Sublime to get more done? Sign up for the free Sublime Text Tips newsletter to get more tips every week. As a bonus, I'll send you a FREE 12-page guide to Sublime's advanced editing features so you can start using Sublime more effectively–today.
After your editor, your version control tool is probably the second most important tool you use in your day to day work. Anything that helps these two tools work seamlessly together can improve your productivity–and make writing code more fun.
One of the sweetest version control plugins for Sublime that I've seen in a while is Modific.
Modific isn't a full version control client–it's best used as a companion to something like the Git plugin.
But what it does, it does well. As you make changes, Modific highlights modified and deleted lines with icons in the gutter, updating every time you save the file.
You can also see a list of modified files and generate diffs for convenient review.
Modific works with Git, Mercurial, SVN and Bazaar. It's available for both Sublime Text 2 and Sublime Text 3 and for Windows, Linux and OS X. You can install it via Package Control.
Sublime's syntax-specific settings make it easy to override your default preferences for any file type.
To customize the tab size for Ruby files, first open a .rb file. Then click Preferences | Settings – More | Syntax-Specific on Windows and Linux or Sublime Text | Preferences | Settings – More | Syntax-Specific on OS X. Sublime opens a new tab named Ruby.sublime-settings.
Now just save the file, and you're ready to go.
You can use syntax-specific settings to override other preferences as well. For example, if you like line-width guides in code but don't want to see them in Markdown files, you can create a Markdown.sublime-settings file that removes the guides.
Copy. Paste. Those shortcuts are so hardwired into your muscle memory that you probably never think about them.
But Sublime Text adds a few nuances to these familiar commands that are worth learning.
Cutting and copying entire lines. If you want to cut or copy a single line of text, you don't need to select it first. Just position the cursor on the desired line and perform your copy or cut. Sublime automatically grabs the entire line.
Clipboard history. Isn't it a pain when you carefully copy a block of code, then accidentally hit the shortcut for Copy when you meant to Paste? Sublime's Paste from History command has you covered. To access the code you copied over, just click Edit | Paste from History. This command is also useful equally if you're starting a new code file. Instead of bouncing back and forth between multiple files to get the boilerplate code you need, just find the code you want in each file and copy it, then execute Paste from History multiple times to dump the snippets into your new file.
Paste and Indent. Pasting code from another file or from a sample you find on the Internet is annoying, because you have to spend the next 30 seconds fixing the indentation levels. And even if the indentation levels happen to match, chances are you didn't select the leading whitespace, so you still have a formatting hassle on your hands. The Paste and Indent command automatically adjusts the indentation of the code on your clipboard to match the surrounding code. This command is bound to Ctrl+Shift+V on Windows and Linux or Shift+Cmd+V on Mac, but it really ought to be the default behavior. If you agree, you can swap the bindings for the Paste command with Paste and Indent.
You're not a freeloader—you like to support programmers who make the tools you love.
This contest is only for subscribers to my Sublime Text newsletter.
You'll get the free Sublime Text newsletter, which includes my hand-picked selection of Sublime-related tips and tricks, like this one detailing how to change Sublime's default syntax highlighting for a file type, or this handy navigation shortcut.
No problem—I'll pay for your existing license you if you win.
I'll announce the winner on November 21, 2013 edition of the newsletter.
The cutoff is midnight Eastern Time (US & Canada) on November 19, 2013.
Don't miss out—drop your email address in the form below to enter.
You're scowling at your screen, puzzling through a knotty optimized algorithm, when the QA lead abruptly interrupts.
So much for that productive afternoon you were hoping for.
With a sigh, you switch to the release branch to see what's what.
But while you understand the magic of time travel via source control, Sublime doesn't.
If you've upgraded to Sublime Text 3, you can easily prevent this scenario with the New Workspace for Project feature.
ST3 allows you to create multiple workspaces for a single project, each with its own independent set of tabs and panels. This allows you to switch contexts easily without disturbing your current environment.
Before you switch branches to tackle that bug, create a second workspace for your current project by clicking Project | New Workspace for Project. A new Sublime window opens with a partial copy of your existing workspace. Preferences like Side Bar visibility and open folders are carried across, but open tabs are not.
When you're done with your bug fix, simply close the temporary workspace and pick up where you left off.


Sagaform Fantasy Small Glasses... Decorated with the beautiful Fantasy patterns, designed by Hanna Werning, these small glasses work wonderfully as egg cups, shot glasses, canape dish or even a small keepsake holder. These Sagaform Fantasy Small Glasses come in sets of 4 in either pink or blue tones and make the perfect (and modestly priced!) gift!


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Toyota's progress on a safety upgrade for its vehicle fleet continues, with the announcement today by the Australasian New Car Assessment Program (ANCAP) of a 5-star safety rating for the Toyota Tarago people mover.
ANCAP Chair, Lauchlan McIntosh, said Toyota had upgraded the Tarago in October last year – introducinga driver knee airbag, Electronic Stability Control and side curtain airbags as standard – and the people mover was recently subjected to an ANCAP pole test.
"That pole test was successful – the vehicle's passenger compartment held its shape well through the different frontal and side impact tests," Mr McIntosh said.
"This rating is a further step for Toyota in improving the safety performance of vehicles in its fleet, and follows the 5-star rating for the Toyota Camry and Camry Hybrid earlier this year – this is good news for new car buyers."
Other ANCAP 5-star rated people movers are the Citroen C4 Picasso and the Mercedes Benz Viano.
ANCAP is supported by all Australian and New Zealand motoring clubs, the Australian Government, the New Zealand Government, all Australian state governments, the Victorian Transport Accident Commission, NRMA Insurance and the FIA Foundation.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Or at least near Vancouver. Strange that both locations are not in the city of Vancouver when they advertise it as such.
This is the final destination of the Mobilicity Prove It Tour across Canada. This one-day only customer appreciation BBQ will be held at two stores: 10255 King George Hwy, Surrey & 139-6200 Mckay Ave, Burnaby from 1 to 5 pm tomorrow July 27. I was told CEO Dave Dobbin would be at the Surrey location. Not sure if he has any plans of visiting the Burnaby store as well.
There will be hamburgers served and Mobilicity will be offering deals for new and existing customers of Mobilicity though it seems new customers have the better offers.


Pioneer Sound Wing: Revolutionary speaker technology?
Pioneer makes a lot of home theatre devices. Really, a lot. This one, however, lives up the company name – new, innovative: pioneering. It's a called a 'Sound Wing', and it brings surround sound into a single, beautiful speaker bar. Aside from great aesthetics, the Sound Wing uses what the company call a "revolutionary and … Continue reading Pioneer Sound Wing: Revolutionary speaker technology?


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TechTIDE External Expert Advisory Board
The EEAB brings together influential international scientists, service developers and users, as well as representatives from international organizations who are active on space situational awareness programmes, with interests relevant to the project, but who are independent of it. It will ensure that the project is engaged with and responsive to developments in Europe and non-EU countries and that the project achieves its intended impacts.
TechTIDE EEAB members
Elisabeth Blanc
France The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) Research Director at CEA
Earth environment from ground up to
the ionosphere; Coordinator of the ARISE FP7 and H2020 projects
Ernest Bosch Llopart Spain Institut Cartogràfic i Geològic de Catalunya N-RTK operations
Bodo Reinisch
USA Lowell Digisondes International Ionospheric experiments, incl. software and hardware development
Ben Witvliet The Netherlands
Telecommunication Engineering University of Twente
Centre for Space, Atmospheric and Oceanic Science of the University of Bath, United Kingdom.
Ionospheric propagation channel perturbations, propagation, delay, Doppler spread, delay spread, scattering, radio fade-out.
Ernest Bosch Llopart is head of the Geodetic Area at the Institut Cartogràfic i Geològic de Catalunya. With Telecommunications Engineering MSc. background, he has developed his career involved in Geodesy projects at ICGC for 20 years. Starting with the design, deployment, and operation of GNSS CORS stations and service provisioning. Since 2005, he is Geodetic Unit manager, working on high precision static and kinematic positioning, GNSS/INS integration solutions, airborne and terrestrial, Geodetic Reference Frames modernization and operating CATNET GNSS network and NRTK services in Catalonia since 2006. He has conducted for 10 years consultancies in the previous fields to several local government agencies, and internationally in Asia and the Middle East. Since 2012, Manages the Airborne Operations department integrated in the Geodetic Area, responsible to capture data from image/NIR, LIDAR and hyperspectral sensors with ICGC airborne fleet.
Βodo Reinisch emeritus professor at the University of Massachusetts Lowell, is the President and CEO of Lowell Digisonde International, LLC since 2009. He has been in charge of the development of the "Digisonde" ionospheric sounder and the Global Ionosphere Radio Observatory (GIRO). He was the PI for the development of the highly successful Radio Plasma Imager (RPI) instrument on NASA's IMAGE mission, and the institutional PI for the development of a magnetospheric sounder instrument for the AF's DSX mission. He also was the PI for the development of the Double-Probe & Topside Ionosphere Sounder (DPTIS) prototype system delivered to the Air Force Research Laboratory in 2016. His work is documented in more than 300 publications in peer reviewed journals and books. In 2011 he received the International Union of Radio Science 'URSI Appleton Price' with the citation "For revolutionizing radio sounding from ground and space with development of the Digisonde and the IMAGE/RPI instrument, both data providers for space weather monitoring and ionospheric modeling". In 2014 he was awarded the 'International Kristian Birkeland Medal for Space Weather and Space Climate' in Liège, Belgium for "Outstanding Scientific Results in the field of Space Weather".
As a cofounder and president of the German International School Boston, Massachusetts, he was instrumental in expanding international education, and in 2012 he was awarded the Bundesverdienstkreuz 1. Klasse by the President of Germany.
Ben A. Witvliet was born in Biak, Netherlands New Guinea in 1961. He received his BSc in Electrical Engineering in Enschede, The Netherlands. He worked at the HF broadcasting station of Trans World Radio in Monaco and in electronic engineering at several companies in The Netherlands and Israel. He was as Chief Engineer of the HF broadcast radio station of Radio Netherlands in Antananarivo, Madagascar. He was manager of the transmitter and antenna specialists of the Netherlands Broadcast Transmitter Company. Since 1997 he worked for Radiocommunications Agency Netherlands as Principal Investigator in applied research and as Technical Advisor. He participates in ITU Study Group 3 on radio wave propagation. In 2015 he obtained his PhD at the University of Twente, The Netherlands, by part-time research on Near Vertical Incidence Skywave antennas and propagation, for which received the Anton Veder scientific research award and prize. He was Guest Editor of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine Special Issue on HF Radio Systems and Techniques. He is a Senior Member of the IEEE since 2011. He is a regular reviewer for several journals. Currently he works as Research Manager (Radio Science) at the Centre for Space, Atmospheric and Oceanic Science of the University of Bath, United Kingdom. Research interest are antennas, ionospheric radio wave propagation, ionospheric radio channel characterization, HF radio noise, and VHF/UHF propagation measurements.


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Neymar back in Barcelona as he banned from Next Brazil Match
October 18, 2016 By Jenifer Leave a Comment
Neymar has banned for Venezuela clash on Wednesday. After trashing Bolivia in 5-0 on Friday match he has been banned from the next Brazil match. The three consecutive yellow cards forced him out from the team for one match. According to FIFA rules the guy who get three yellow card, will not capable to play one match.
Last match when the Barca star trying to attack opposition defense, one of Bolivian player Asogu got foul with him. Neymar is embroiled in disputes with his aggressive and the unnecessary clash forced referee to show yellow cards to the striker.
The Brazilian coach Tite very furious for referee's decision. After finishing the match he told on a press conference that he and Neymar had learnt a lesson from the incident.
He thought it was totally referee's fault and Neymar was innocent. There had been mistakes from the referee, with an excess of fouls derived from a lack of punishment to them. Now the whole team need to hold patience and strong fitness without Neymar.
The coach added that he and Neymar needed maturity to understand that how they face these situation in the next. This time they taught how to deal with this situation.
Neymar was sent off after the second half for his injury. A player of the opponent's team hit him with his elbow close to right eye and it was cut out of the blood. In 69th minute he has been taken down from the running match. He is ready to back his home in Barcelona. As he would not play the next game with the team.
Barca coach Luis Enrique seemed pleased, as he free from international duty. With the star he get the chance to clash with Deportivo de la Coruna and after that they have to face Manchester City in the Champions League. Neymar just miss one game and after that he will join the side to fight with Argentina in November. 11th November the both Barca team mates face against each other. World wide fans are eagerly awaiting for the high voltage match.
However Brazil won the game so far and it was the five consecutive win of the team under the new coach Tite. The coach satisfied with Neymar's performance. He boost the team to grab the Olympic medal and after a long years Brazil back on track. The five time Champions are getting improve their performance. They are hopeful for the upcoming World Cup.


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MultiChoice Press
MultiChoice Group (MCG) is committed to developing the skills of young, talented and ambitious African storytellers. The company recently announced exciting changes to its filmmakers academy programme. The M-Net Magic in Motion (MIM) programme will now be known as the MultiChoice Talent Factory South Africa (MTF ZA) in line with MCG's broader MTF programme across Africa.
This new chapter will carry the same passion for film and movie making, the same devotion for excellence and will continue with the promise of enriching lives.
The naming convention allows the business to consolidate all initiatives that are critical in developing a sustainable talent pipeline for the video and entertainment industry.
The MiM Academy was established in 2014 and focuses on transforming the South African film and TV industry by upskilling students and empowering them with substantial knowledge and experience in just 12 months. MTF, which was launched in 2018 by MultiChoice Africa, does the same by upskilling the next generation of passionate young film creatives.
To date, 58 students trained through MIM are making their mark in the video entertainment industry. About 16 Mzansi Magic movies have been produced by participants of this programme and nine graduates have started their own production companies, namely A Tribe Called Story, Eccentric Circus and Beyond Black.
"We wanted to have a name that resonates with the brand of the business, but also speaks to the talent that we unearth each year within the students who participate in the programme," said Joe Heshu, MultiChoice Group Executive Corporate Affairs. "We have world-class, quality talent in film and television production in South Africa and MultiChoice is proud to be a vehicle that sharpens and enhances that talent into unmatched content."
The MTF ZA programme will have three pillars:
MTF ZA Academy – With veteran producer and director, Bobby Heaney, as the academy's director, the academy is structured around the film and TV industry's needs in South Africa to develop the local talent pipeline, build industry capacity and to contribute to the economic development of the country.
MTF ZA Scriptwriting Incubator – The newly formed scriptwriting incubator will be launched in 2020 and will focus on training and developing budding scriptwriters.
MTF ZA Bursary Programme – The bursaries will assist qualifying students in film and television who meet the academic and financial criteria.
Previous articleFilm on the weaponisation of information to compete at Sundance in first for SA directors
Next articleThe Refinery colourist Kyle Stroebel talks working on Universal's Bulletproof 2
https://www.multichoice.co.za/
MultiChoice South Africa grew out as the subscriber management arm and has been quietly getting on with the business of bringing you world-class entertainment.


What is everyone's "personal" grading of the Dolphins Draft?
Post subject: What is everyone's "personal" grading of the Dolphins Draft?
Hey Everyone. I actually spent the past couple of days in the hospital and just catching up in the forum. I am very curious if everyone was satisfied or disappointed with our draft picks.
Please give me your own personal letter grades for the draft.
Post subject: Re: What is everyone's "personal" grading of the Dolphins Draft?
Not sure about some of the trading up and down, but in the end, I like what we came away with.
Can remember liking a draft this much in a long time. My opinion of Hickey has greatly improved.
I'll give em a B right off the bat - took a lot of chances on small school guys - but did a great job beefing up the O-line and adding a play making Wide Out.
I agree, and hopefully those three are solid starters in a couple years.
Let's see who starts, contributes this year first.
I agree Anthony. I thought the draft class was pretty solid last year and we saw what happened. You also wonder if the GM and coaches were on the same page though, and I don't think they were at ALL.
The main criticism that I have heard has been about Ju'Waun James and taking him were Miami did. The thought was the Dolphins could have traded down and got some additional picks and still got James. Rich posted a story in which that may have not been the case, and we will never know.
Miami did not want to take the chance, and the got the best PURE ORT in the draft. I think that is being overlooked in regards to how difficult a time the top picks on the OL in last year draft had adjusting to playing ORT after being OLT.
I would give Miami a B. I can say this though, I LOVE what they are doing in regards to signing undrafted FA.
I'll put it this way, I've never agreed with so many picks in one draft weekend. There was no headscratching on my end (I.E. Ted Ginn, Pat White, Eddie Moore, Jason Allen, Michael Egnew, Patrick Turner) nd the best crew of undrafted FA's I've ever seen.
However, Hickey inherited a horrible mess and needs forced the team's hand a lot. I can see the first two O-line picks starting on day 1, but is there much of an alternative? If the team had the luxury of taking BPA, I think Hickey's job would have been much easier.
I think Landry is an intriguing prospect. Tough, with great hands. Problem is, I really see him as a WR4 if Gibson is healthy. The pick that most excites me is the selection of Tripp in the 5th round. He seems to fit a need at stopping the run, but is fast and quick enough to handle coverage duties as well. Small school prospect, but the combine and Senior Bowl gave indications that he can play at a higher level. He will be a special teamer on day 1 as well, but you just can't help but project him as a possible starter at LB. Wheeler and company stunk in run defense, so the sky is the limit for improvement here.
Almost every GM inherits a "bit of a mess" though. Rarely does someone walk into a position that is ideal.
Where's Jeff Ireland when you need him? D BPA, sure.
I think this draft provided needed pieces to help clean up the teams issues. Landry and Lynch are probably my favorite picks. I know people are asking why on Lynch, but the guy can block and he can catch. There were rumors that Pittsburgh originally liked him as an heir apparent to Heath Miller. Will he be that? Who knows, but I think he comes in with more potential than Sims or Egnew. Great compliment to Charles Clay.
Landry is hopefully going to be Tannehill's new best friend. Someone called him Donald Driver which I really like.
I probably saw the most excitement on the Turner and Tripp picks.
This draft felt different from recent ones. In terms of satisfying needs I'd say B+.
And don't be quick to bash last year's crop. Sometimes it takes guys a year or two to earn a significant role.
I have to think about this one a bit. Most of the draft picks were a round ahead of their predicted draft spot. This tells me that these are the players they really wanted and did not want to take a chance of losing them. Of course, this could also be the draft grade they put on each player, so, that is putting a lot of faith in your own draft analysis.
Drafting from small schools can be risky. They haven't played against great talent as teams in the SEC or Big Ten do, but it does help them to stand out. Players at the big schools usually have another highly talented player beside them and this can help them to look even better on tape. I'll have to research how small school kids do in the NFL, but I know that Jason Taylor was one of them since he played for the Zips, although Akron did play bigger schools at times. Also, I wonder how long it takes for small school kids to get to Pro level of playing.
Even though he may have been able to have been had later in the 1st or early in the 2nd round, he is a natural RT as he played it in college and will not have to adjust from the left to the ride side. Most of those drafted high last year had to move to the right tackle position and they performed poorly. With a lot of teams having their best pass rusher facing the RT due to the talent drop from the LT, having a very good pass blocker on that side will be tremendous for our passing game.
I love this kid. He fell due to his "slow" 40 time, but talentwise he is a first round receiver. He catches everything and knows how to time his jumps to outleap his defenders. He can be surrounded by defensive backs and safeties and still come down with the ball. Great team leader. Unless he suffers an injury, I can see him being on this team for a long time. Great pick.
I can see the Dolphins moving him into the ILB position. Has very good instincts and good size. I thijnk he's going to do well for us and allow us to possibly boot Wheeler to the curb and move Ellerbe to the outside.
Right now my grade is a "C", but it could change.
I don't like this draft at all. Reached for a player in the first round that they could've traded down and still gotten. Spent their second pick on an undersized receiver who lacks speed. Drafted a tight end who can't separate and doesn't have good hands, and the rest of the draft was on small school players. You have too many small school players, you have a small school team. Hickey made his evaluations based on their performance in the Senior Bowl. What he failed to realize is that the big school players play the best of the best every week and not in just one game.
It is now on Joe Philbin and his staff to develop these players, and recent history has proven that player development is not his specialty. The past two drafts have had only three players starting, and those three didn't play very well.
Hickey made his evaluations based on their performance in the Senior Bowl.
Its why Miami ended up with Jerry, so its not like that is a bad thing. Oh wait.
Needed a big back and a back up qb.
I think we should give Hickey a little more credit than that.
Three of these fresh Dolphins were in action against 4-8 Florida last season, for instance, and none of them dominated those games in the way you would expect future NFL stars to do.
Georgia tight end Arthur Lynch, a fifth-round pick by Miami, dropped what was supposed to be a screen pass against the Gators but it was ruled as a lateral instead. While Lynch was agonizing over the blown play, a Florida defender scooped the ball up and returned it far enough that the Gators soon had a touchdown, making a 23-20 Georgia win scarier.
First-round pick Ja'Wuan James' performance for Tennessee in a 31-17 loss to the Gators is less memorable but it's fair to say that the massive right tackle had a long afternoon. The Volunteers rushed for just 66 yards at the Swamp, and that's 363 fewer than Georgia Southern managed later in the season.
Jarvis Landry, a wide receiver taken in the second round, did the best of them, catching four passes for 58 yards in LSU's gritty 17-6 win over Florida. That, however, tied Landry's season low for catches in a game.
Does all of this mean that Dolphins general manager Dennis Hickey had his eyes closed during those games? No, but it doesn't exactly boost confidence when some of his most significant picks failed to push back a little harder against the worst Gator team in 34 years.
I actually thought Ireland did a moderately decent job in the drafts assuming the Pat White debacle was on Parcells & not him which most here very quickly to point out & come to his defense. That being said I dont think this draft would have been a whole lot different if Ireland was involved conducting it. Just my opinion be fore you burn me for that statement.
You really dont know about a draft until about 2 years later but that being said I would classify it as a home run!! Maybe not the grand slam St. Louis hit but we should be a force this season.
After 35+ years of being a devoted FinFan, I'm ready for the season to begin...AGAIN!
Since the problems have now been supposedly addressed, hopefully if our OL is now fixed and our players decide they WANT to win, I'm excited to see just how good RT is and what our team can do if we finally have players who WANT to win and not just collect a paycheck!
Funny how teams with less can do more because they WANT to win Vs Teams with more and do less!
Hopefully our picks will prove to be just, since you never know "Who" the sleeper(s) of the draft will be until the season begins!
Here's hoping for a Divisional Stomp all over the Patsies and Jets then on to the big dance!
Did they fall behind early and abandon the run?
What's wrong with Arthur Lynch? Especially in round 5.
It's like a room full of angry old men in here.
Hickey made his evaluations based on their performance in the Senior Bowl. What he failed to realize is that the big school players play the best of the best every week and not in just one game.
Yeah, I'm sure Hickey as an NFL GM had no idea about that. Your fault for not informing him yourself.
Yeah, they play the best of the best week in and week out, so why not draft everyone from the big schools? There are busts every year from the big schools. We are talking later rd picks.
Ha! Ha! At the end of the day, for me, giving grades to folks that haven't even stepped out on the field yet in the NFL to perform is hard. I give the Miami draft a "B" because they did address a few needs and I like some of the later picks and free agents that "could" help impact the team.
I sure hope though that they hit gold with some of these players as the Jets and Buffalo sure improved themselves. This AFC East is getting better and better.
The Sammy Watkins picks will potentially be nullified if EJ Manuel doesn't develop into a top starter in the league. Really liked what they did there though, but lost their first going into next year's draft.
I agree & that is why I also like what Cleveland did. That pick has the potential of being a top 10 or even better. Aside from maybe sweeping us again , the Bills wont win many more games.
Right now I"m at a solid B. But everyone knows as well as I do, it could turn into an F or an A+.... it takes time to figure that out.
Well said. I went into this years draft with no preconceptions & I was able to get excited about our new guys potential.
later when I got the chance to watch some tape.. and get a better feel for some of the picks. I have to say i like the way we did this.... This year we went after needs... and we Seem to have filled a bunch of them.. How that pans out will depend on who can start, stay health and hell even make the team..
This is not a draft like last year.. where I walked away thinking.. WE are gonna be tough!!!
this was more like adding pieces to the puzzle..... and I'm good with that..
We NEED some of those players drafted last year to step up. I would like to see Jenkins, Davis, Taylor, Dallas and Jordan to contribute on a regular basis. I see Gillispie gone and competition brought in for Sturgis.
I drank some Phins colored Koolaid...didn't help. First pick was a reach. Should've taken BPA. Liked the 2nd because the kid catches in traffic... a plus given his speed he'll be in traffic all the time. OT field test: Welcome to Davie...this is Mike Pouncey, he'll be your tour guide for the weekend. If you make it until Monday without being arrested or filing a harassement charge..you'll be our first pick"
Not a fan of so many small schools in such a deep draft. However, will give the new GM some space before I dog him. Tenn boys have not worked out for Miami. Hoping James will change that. Hoping Turner is a guard and Miami solved its OL issues. Do not believe the TE will be anything more than a blocker.
I really do not care where the player came from as long as he was scouted and evaluated properly.
I live between tiny Kutztown and West Chester University's and they've produced Andre Reed, John Mobley and Lee Woodall. 3 studs in the NFL.
Oh and Jahri Evans played for Bloomsburg which is close by too. All tiny div. II schools.
Last edited by swerve13 on Mon May 12, 2014 12:49 am, edited 1 time in total.
I give this draft a C+, just because I feel like we took a lot of risks on small school players with upside, but who could wind up sitting for a while (unless they find a job on special teams).


The National Association for the Visual Arts (NAVA) is the national peak body for the visual and media arts, craft and design sector. It undertakes advocacy, research, policy and project development and provides direct service to its members and the sector by offering advice, resources, training and a range of other services.
NAVA offers a range of grants, awards and scholarships to support and develop the work of visual arts, craft and design practicioners.


Can we find the lengths and angles in this diagram of a roof?
In the diagram, which represents the roof of a house, \(ABCD\) is a horizontal rectangle and \(XY\) a line parallel to \(AB\) and \(DC\). \(AB=40'\), \(BC=XY=16'\) and \(AX=BY=CY=DX=17'\). Calculate \((i)\) the height of \(XY\) above the plane \(ABCD\), \((ii)\) the angle of inclination to the horizontal of the face \(AXYB\), and \((iii)\) the angle of inclination to the horizontal of the edge \(AX\).


A local Waukesha company needed a way to reach nationwide customers. iNET Web provided a custom developed ecommerce site for Finitura.
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text:
Adrenoceptor function and expression in bladder urothelium and lamina propria
Christian Moro, Lotti Tajouri, Russ Chess-Williams*
Centre for Urology Research
Objective: To investigate the role of adrenoceptor subtypes in regulating the spontaneous contractile activity of the inner lining of the urinary bladder (urothelium/lamina propria). Materials and Methods: The responses of isolated strips of porcine urothelium/lamina propria to noradrenaline, phenylephrine, and isoprenaline were obtained in the absence and presence of receptor subtype-selective antagonists. Quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was undertaken to assess the expression of adrenoceptor genes. Results: The tissues expressed all α1- and β-adrenoceptor subtypes, with the α1A-, α1B-, and β2-adrenoceptors the predominant receptors at the messenger RNA level. In the functional experiments, the rate of phasic contractions and the basal tension were increased by the α1-adrenoceptor agonists phenylephrine (100 μM) and A61603 (10 μM). The rate and tension responses to phenylephrine were reduced by low concentrations of tamsulosin (3 nM) and RS100329 (10 nM) but were unaffected by BMY7378 (100 nM), prazosin (10 nM), and RS17053 (1 μM). In contrast, isoprenaline and salbutamol (both 1 μM) induced a relaxation of tissues and slowing of phasic contractions. The rate and tension responses to isoprenaline were inhibited by propranolol (100 nM) or a combination of CGP20712A (30 nM) and ICI118551 (70 nM). The rate responses were also significantly inhibited by ICI118551 alone (70 nM). Conclusion: Although all α1- and β-adrenoceptor subtypes were expressed in the pig urothelium/lamina propria, the α1A/L-adrenoceptor appeared to mediate increases in the contractile rate and tension. The β-adrenoceptor induced inhibition of spontaneous contractile activity appears to be predominately mediated by β2-adrenoceptors, with β1- and β2-adrenoceptors possibly involved in the tension responses.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2012.09.011
10.1016/j.urology.2012.09.011
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Adrenoceptor function and expression in bladder urothelium and lamina propria'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Urothelium Medicine & Life Sciences
Adrenergic Receptors Medicine & Life Sciences
Urinary Bladder Medicine & Life Sciences
Mucous Membrane Medicine & Life Sciences
Phenylephrine Medicine & Life Sciences
Isoproterenol Medicine & Life Sciences
Prazosin Medicine & Life Sciences
RS 100329 Medicine & Life Sciences
Contractile activity of the bladder urothelium and lamina propria
Moro, C. (Creator) & Chess-Williams, R. (Creator), Bond University, 2013
DOI: 10.4225/57/5b29dcd792808
Moro, C., Tajouri, L., & Chess-Williams, R. (2013). Adrenoceptor function and expression in bladder urothelium and lamina propria. Urology, 81(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2012.09.011
Moro, Christian ; Tajouri, Lotti ; Chess-Williams, Russ. / Adrenoceptor function and expression in bladder urothelium and lamina propria. In: Urology. 2013 ; Vol. 81, No. 1.
@article{3a7f1bc549364383b940b7f4273263a8,
title = "Adrenoceptor function and expression in bladder urothelium and lamina propria",
abstract = "Objective: To investigate the role of adrenoceptor subtypes in regulating the spontaneous contractile activity of the inner lining of the urinary bladder (urothelium/lamina propria). Materials and Methods: The responses of isolated strips of porcine urothelium/lamina propria to noradrenaline, phenylephrine, and isoprenaline were obtained in the absence and presence of receptor subtype-selective antagonists. Quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was undertaken to assess the expression of adrenoceptor genes. Results: The tissues expressed all α1- and β-adrenoceptor subtypes, with the α1A-, α1B-, and β2-adrenoceptors the predominant receptors at the messenger RNA level. In the functional experiments, the rate of phasic contractions and the basal tension were increased by the α1-adrenoceptor agonists phenylephrine (100 μM) and A61603 (10 μM). The rate and tension responses to phenylephrine were reduced by low concentrations of tamsulosin (3 nM) and RS100329 (10 nM) but were unaffected by BMY7378 (100 nM), prazosin (10 nM), and RS17053 (1 μM). In contrast, isoprenaline and salbutamol (both 1 μM) induced a relaxation of tissues and slowing of phasic contractions. The rate and tension responses to isoprenaline were inhibited by propranolol (100 nM) or a combination of CGP20712A (30 nM) and ICI118551 (70 nM). The rate responses were also significantly inhibited by ICI118551 alone (70 nM). Conclusion: Although all α1- and β-adrenoceptor subtypes were expressed in the pig urothelium/lamina propria, the α1A/L-adrenoceptor appeared to mediate increases in the contractile rate and tension. The β-adrenoceptor induced inhibition of spontaneous contractile activity appears to be predominately mediated by β2-adrenoceptors, with β1- and β2-adrenoceptors possibly involved in the tension responses.",
author = "Christian Moro and Lotti Tajouri and Russ Chess-Williams",
doi = "10.1016/j.urology.2012.09.011",
journal = "Urology",
Moro, C, Tajouri, L & Chess-Williams, R 2013, 'Adrenoceptor function and expression in bladder urothelium and lamina propria', Urology, vol. 81, no. 1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2012.09.011
Adrenoceptor function and expression in bladder urothelium and lamina propria. / Moro, Christian; Tajouri, Lotti; Chess-Williams, Russ.
In: Urology, Vol. 81, No. 1, 01.2013.
T1 - Adrenoceptor function and expression in bladder urothelium and lamina propria
AU - Moro, Christian
AU - Tajouri, Lotti
AU - Chess-Williams, Russ
N2 - Objective: To investigate the role of adrenoceptor subtypes in regulating the spontaneous contractile activity of the inner lining of the urinary bladder (urothelium/lamina propria). Materials and Methods: The responses of isolated strips of porcine urothelium/lamina propria to noradrenaline, phenylephrine, and isoprenaline were obtained in the absence and presence of receptor subtype-selective antagonists. Quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was undertaken to assess the expression of adrenoceptor genes. Results: The tissues expressed all α1- and β-adrenoceptor subtypes, with the α1A-, α1B-, and β2-adrenoceptors the predominant receptors at the messenger RNA level. In the functional experiments, the rate of phasic contractions and the basal tension were increased by the α1-adrenoceptor agonists phenylephrine (100 μM) and A61603 (10 μM). The rate and tension responses to phenylephrine were reduced by low concentrations of tamsulosin (3 nM) and RS100329 (10 nM) but were unaffected by BMY7378 (100 nM), prazosin (10 nM), and RS17053 (1 μM). In contrast, isoprenaline and salbutamol (both 1 μM) induced a relaxation of tissues and slowing of phasic contractions. The rate and tension responses to isoprenaline were inhibited by propranolol (100 nM) or a combination of CGP20712A (30 nM) and ICI118551 (70 nM). The rate responses were also significantly inhibited by ICI118551 alone (70 nM). Conclusion: Although all α1- and β-adrenoceptor subtypes were expressed in the pig urothelium/lamina propria, the α1A/L-adrenoceptor appeared to mediate increases in the contractile rate and tension. The β-adrenoceptor induced inhibition of spontaneous contractile activity appears to be predominately mediated by β2-adrenoceptors, with β1- and β2-adrenoceptors possibly involved in the tension responses.
AB - Objective: To investigate the role of adrenoceptor subtypes in regulating the spontaneous contractile activity of the inner lining of the urinary bladder (urothelium/lamina propria). Materials and Methods: The responses of isolated strips of porcine urothelium/lamina propria to noradrenaline, phenylephrine, and isoprenaline were obtained in the absence and presence of receptor subtype-selective antagonists. Quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was undertaken to assess the expression of adrenoceptor genes. Results: The tissues expressed all α1- and β-adrenoceptor subtypes, with the α1A-, α1B-, and β2-adrenoceptors the predominant receptors at the messenger RNA level. In the functional experiments, the rate of phasic contractions and the basal tension were increased by the α1-adrenoceptor agonists phenylephrine (100 μM) and A61603 (10 μM). The rate and tension responses to phenylephrine were reduced by low concentrations of tamsulosin (3 nM) and RS100329 (10 nM) but were unaffected by BMY7378 (100 nM), prazosin (10 nM), and RS17053 (1 μM). In contrast, isoprenaline and salbutamol (both 1 μM) induced a relaxation of tissues and slowing of phasic contractions. The rate and tension responses to isoprenaline were inhibited by propranolol (100 nM) or a combination of CGP20712A (30 nM) and ICI118551 (70 nM). The rate responses were also significantly inhibited by ICI118551 alone (70 nM). Conclusion: Although all α1- and β-adrenoceptor subtypes were expressed in the pig urothelium/lamina propria, the α1A/L-adrenoceptor appeared to mediate increases in the contractile rate and tension. The β-adrenoceptor induced inhibition of spontaneous contractile activity appears to be predominately mediated by β2-adrenoceptors, with β1- and β2-adrenoceptors possibly involved in the tension responses.
U2 - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.09.011
DO - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.09.011
JO - Urology
JF - Urology
Moro C, Tajouri L, Chess-Williams R. Adrenoceptor function and expression in bladder urothelium and lamina propria. Urology. 2013 Jan;81(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2012.09.011


text:
Q: multiple if statements in a React.js component I am working on my portfolio and I bumped into this problem.
This component gets tasks(array) and sortBy(either 'all', 'true', or 'false').
The problem is, even though I pass 'all' value of sortBy, the second if statement gets called.
const TaskListTable = ({ tasks, sortBy }) => {
  let filteredTasks;
  let sortByBoolean;
  if (sortBy === 'all') {
    filteredTasks = tasks;
  }
  if (sortBy === 'true' || 'false') {
    sortByBoolean = sortBy === 'true';
    filteredTasks = tasks.filter((task) => task.completed === sortByBoolean);
  }
  console.log(sortBy);
  console.log(sortByBoolean);
  console.log(filteredTasks);

  const withTasks = (

      <UtilButton purpose='add' pushUrl='/task-add' />

Date

Task

Status

      {filteredTasks.map(({ _id, ...others }) => (
        <TaskList key={_id} id={_id} {...others} />
      ))}

  );
  const withoutTasks = <UtilPage purpose='emptyData' />;

  return <Fragment>{tasks.length > 0 ? withTasks : withoutTasks}</Fragment>;
};

I solved this problem with this code below instead of using 2 if statements. But I'd still want to know why the code above with 2 if statements don't work.
const sortByBoolean = sortBy === 'true';
const filteredTasks = sortBy !== 'all' ? tasks.filter((task) => task.completed === sortByBoolean) : tasks;

thank you in advance

A: This part...
if (sortBy === 'true' || 'false') {
  //...
}

...should be...
if (sortBy === 'true' || sortBy === 'false') {
  //...
}

You didn't check the condition if sortBy equals 'false' but you checked the value 'false' itself. This will return true because the string 'false' is truthy.
So currently both of your if statements are true and are executed.

A: If you write two If statements consecutively then definately it will execute both of this two. This is the behaviour of If statement.
So you may used if else if method, also write || statement separately to solve this problem.
   if (sortBy === 'all') {
    filteredTasks = tasks;
  }
  else if (sortBy === 'true' || sortBy === 'false') {
    sortByBoolean = sortBy === 'true';
    filteredTasks = tasks.filter((task) => task.completed === sortByBoolean);
  }

A: because your if condition is not as expected because both if will be executed to skip second if when first is passed add else
if (sortBy === 'all') {
  filteredTasks = tasks;
} else if (sortBy === 'true' || sortBy === 'false') {
  sortByBoolean = sortBy === 'true';
  filteredTasks = tasks.filter((task) => task.completed === sortByBoolean);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
South Bay Cities Get State Funding to Battle Car Break-Ins
NBC Bay Area
Sacramento is giving the South Bay a shot in the arm to help combat the dramatic rise in car break-ins.
Millions of dollars from the state to combat what's been a growing problem in the Bay Area, especially in the South Bay where law enforcement has seen a huge spike in smash and grabs of parked cars.
A major reason, officials cite, for the spike is a combination of the economy doing good, shopping centers thriving and organized criminals knowing and taking advantage of the situation.
On Friday, Assemblymember Kansen Chu, D-San Jose, presented five local police departments with money to try to combat the thefts.
Chu was able to secure $3.7 million in surplus funds from the state to split evenly among Fremont, Milpitas, Newark, San Jose and Santa Clara. The cities will receive about $750,000 each that will be used for public awareness, business outreach, overtime for officers, signs and equipment to deter theft.
Officials said organized groups from San Francisco, Alameda, Contra Costa and San Joaquin counties are committing the crimes and selling the goods overseas.
The group works in shifts up and down the Bay Area's major highways — Interstate 880 and Highways 237 and 101. They are primarily looking for laptops, cellphones and other electronics.
Law enforcement is encouraging people to not leave those items in their car. Those items if needed to be stored in a vehicle should be left in the trunk and in airplane mode. Thieves have equipment that can detect signals, officials said.
The Fremont police captain said officers recently intercepted a container full of over 1,000 laptops headed overseas, where it would fetch millions. That container represented just a weekend worth of stealing.
This post was originally posted at http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/South-Bay-Cities-Receive-State-Funding-to-Battle-Spike-in-Car-Break-Ins-530765501.html.
Federal judge orders more sleep for Alameda County jail inmates
Report of Shooter at San Jose High School Unfounded: Police
More Affordable Housing Units Coming to the South Bay
Disabled Vet Has Trouble Getting VA to Pay ER Bill
Video Games Rule the Night in an Epic Double Header
A's Four-Game Win Streak Snapped in 12-Inning Loss to Twins


text:
Federer, Murray win at ATP Finals
Roger Federer cruised past Kei Nishikori to move closer to a semifinal spot.
Federer, Murray win at ATP Finals Roger Federer cruised past Kei Nishikori to move closer to a semifinal spot. Check out this story on delawareonline.com: http://delonline.us/1ukaQ3X
WIL Published 5:41 p.m. ET Nov. 11, 2014
Roger Federer plays a return during an ATP World Tour Finals match Tuesday.(Photo: Tim Ireland/AP)
LONDON – Roger Federer made the most of Kei Nishikori's erratic play Tuesday to secure a 6-3, 6-2 victory and move closer to a semifinal spot at the ATP Finals while Andy Murray posted his first victory to stay in contention at the elite tournament.
Federer, the most successful player at the year-end championship with six wins, would have progressed from Group B if Milos Raonic had defeated the home favorite, but the former Wimbledon champion completed a 6-3, 7-5 win over the Canadian newcomer in a dour match that produced very little excitement.
"It's a nice match on Thursday to look forward to, it'll be a great atmosphere again," said Murray about his final round-robin match against Federer. "It's always a pleasure to play against Roger. He's one of the greatest players that has ever played so to get the opportunity to play him in an atmosphere like this is excellent."
Nishikori made it easy on Federer as he struggled with consistency throughout. The 24-year-old U.S. Open finalist showed his vast array of shots with some superb backhand winners but made a total of 30 unforced errors and, once again, could not find his serve.
"He's shown in the past when he gets the upper hand against any player from the baseline, he's very difficult to beat," said Federer after moving to 2-0 in his group. "Today for some reason he couldn't get it done. Maybe I was playing too well (…). But I know that Kei can play better. So for me it was really important to take advantage of the fact that I was feeling really good, and then maybe he was struggling a little bit today."
Nishikori, one of three debutants at the O2 Arena this year, had been able to make up for his poor service percentage in his opening win over Murray with his powerful groundstrokes. Against Federer, it was a different story.
Davis Cup teams unchanged for France, Switzerland
PARIS – France and Switzerland have announced unchanged teams for the Davis Cup final next week at Lille.
Jo-Wilfried Tsonga, Gael Monfils, Julien Benneteau, and Richard Gasquet were re-selected by France, while Gilles Simon, France's third highest-ranked player, was put on standby as a replacement.
Switzerland captain Severin Luthi picked the same side for a fourth straight tie: Roger Federer, Stanislas Wawrinka, Marco Chiudinelli, and Michael Lammer.
"We know they have a few guys, but everything can change up until about Thursday before the tie," Federer said. "From that standpoint, this announcement doesn't mean anything to me. I'm more focused on who's going to play opening Friday against me. That's the only focus I really have right now."
When France beat defending champion the Czech Republic 4-1 in the semifinals in September, Gasquet and Tsonga won their singles and teamed up in doubles to give France an unassailable 3-0 lead.


SALT LAKE CITY — Thousands of refugees come to the United State every year facing language, cultural and employment barriers. The people who help them settle say that those challenges can be made easier by one thing: a friend.
Each year, about 80,000 refugees come to the United States, and over the course of refugee history, 25,000 have settled in Utah. A majority of refugees live in the Salt Lake Valley. Wisam Khudhair, who came from Iraq, is one of them. Working with American companies in Iraq, he came to the U.S. in 2010.
Like many refugees, even with Khudhair's work experience, he had to start working in the U.S. in entry level positions. As he moved up, he became a job developer at Catholic Community Services. But through his odd jobs he learned important social skills.
"Just make friends and everything will be alright," Khudhair said.
Gerald Brown, director of the Refugee Service Office, emphasizes learning social skills, which he said are most important for any immigrant.
"To be welcomed and to know that somebody values you and wants you to be with them — that's the best thing you can do. If you do that, everything else will kind of take care of itself," Brown said.
Brown has worked all over the world, and said he has never seen a community as welcoming as Salt Lake. But he said it is the responsibility of locals to reach out to refugees.
"Everything we do one way or another is meant to bring the welcoming community together with these survivors," Brown said.
With a welcoming community, these survivors, as Brown calls them, are more likely to use local programs for learning English, employment, housing, and financial assistance than those who remain isolated.