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New solar materials developed by Stanford scientists could usher in ultrathin, lightweight solar panel
New, ultrathin photovoltaic materials could eventually be used in mobile applications, from self-powered wearable devices and sensors to lightweight aircraft and electric vehicles.
By Andrew Myers
A race is on in solar engineering to create almost impossibly-thin, flexible solar panels. Engineers imagine them used in mobile applications, from self-powered wearable devices and sensors to lightweight aircraft and electric vehicles. Against that backdrop, researchers at Stanford University have achieved record efficiencies in a promising group of photovoltaic materials.
Transition metal dichalcogenide solar cells on a flexible polyimide substrate. (Image credit: Koosha Nassiri Nazif)
Chief among the benefits of these transition metal dichalcogenides – or TMDs – is that they absorb ultrahigh levels of the sunlight that strikes their surface compared to other solar materials.
"Imagine an autonomous drone that powers itself with a solar array atop its wing that is 15 times thinner than a piece of paper," said Koosha Nassiri Nazif, a doctoral scholar in electrical engineering at Stanford and co-lead author of a study published in the Dec. 9 edition of Nature Communications. "That is the promise of TMDs."
The search for new materials is necessary because the reigning king of solar materials, silicon, is much too heavy, bulky and rigid for applications where flexibility, lightweight and high power are preeminent, such as wearable devices and sensors or aerospace and electric vehicles.
"Silicon makes up 95 percent of the solar market today, but it's far from perfect. We need new materials that are light, bendable and, frankly, more eco-friendly," said Krishna Saraswat, a professor of electrical engineering and senior author of the paper.
A competitive alternative
While TMDs hold great promise, research experiments to date have struggled to turn more than 2 percent of the sunlight they absorb into electricity. For silicon solar panels, that number is closing in on 30 percent. To be used widely, TMDs will have to close that gap.
Cross-section schematic of the device. (Image credit: Koosha Nassiri Nazif)
The new Stanford prototype achieves 5.1 percent power conversion efficiency, but the authors project they could practically reach 27 percent efficiency upon optical and electrical optimizations. That figure would be on par with the best solar panels on the market today, silicon included.
Moreover, the prototype realized a 100-times greater power-to-weight ratio of any TMDs yet developed. That ratio is important for mobile applications, like drones, electric vehicles and the ability to charge expeditionary equipment on the move. When looking at the specific power – a measure of electrical power output per unit weight of the solar cell – the prototype produced 4.4 watts per gram, a figure competitive with other current-day thin-film solar cells, including other experimental prototypes.
"We think we can increase this crucial ratio another ten times through optimization," Saraswat said, adding that they estimate the practical limit of their TMD cells to be a remarkable 46 watts per gram.
Additional advantages
Stanford electrical engineering Professor Krishna Saraswat (left) and PhD student Koosha Nassiri Nazif. (Image credit: Mark Golden)
Their biggest benefit, however, is their remarkable thinness, which not only minimizes the material usage and cost but also makes TMD solar cells lightweight and flexible and capable of being molded to irregular shapes – a car roof, an airplane wing or the human body. The Stanford team was able to produce an active array that is just a few hundred nanometers thick. The array includes the photovoltaic TMD tungsten diselenide and contacts of gold spanned by a layer of conducting graphene that is just a single atom thick. All that is sandwiched between a flexible, skin-like polymer and an anti-reflective coating that improves the absorption of light.
When fully assembled, the TMD cells are less than six microns thick – about that of a lightweight office trash bag. It would take 15 layers to reach the thickness of a single piece of paper.
While thinness, lightweight and flexibility are all highly desirable goals in and of themselves, TMDs present other engineering advantages as well. They are stable and reliable over the long term. And unlike other challengers to the thin-film crown, TMDs contain no toxic chemicals. They are also biocompatible, so they could be used in wearable applications requiring direct contact with human skin or tissue.
A promising future
The many advantages of TMDs are countered by certain downsides, mostly in the engineering intricacies of mass production. The process of transferring an ultrathin layer of TMD to a flexible, supporting material often damages the TMD layer.
Alwin Daus, who was co-lead author on the study with Nassiri Nazif, devised the transfer process that affixes the thin TMD solar arrays to the flexible substrate. He said this technical challenge was considerable. One step involved transferring the layer of atomically thin graphene onto a flexible substrate that is just a few microns thick, explained Daus, who was a postdoctoral scholar in Eric Pop's research group at Stanford when the research was conducted. He is now a senior researcher at RWTH Aachen University in Germany.
This intricate process results in the TMD being fully embedded in the flexible substrate leading to greater durability. The researchers tested the flexibility and robustness of their devices by bending them around a metal cylinder less than a third of an inch thick.
"Powerful, flexible and durable, TMDs are a promising new direction in solar technology," Nassiri Nazif concluded.
Additional Stanford co-authors of this work include faculty members Eric Pop and Ada Poon in Electrical Engineering; Mark Brongersma in Materials Science & Engineering; visiting scholar Sam Vaziri; postdoctoral scholar Raisul Islam; and graduate students Jiho Hong, Nayeun Lee, Aravindh Kumar, Frederick Nitta, Michelle E. Chen and Siavash Kananian.
This research was funded by the Stanford SystemX Alliance, the Swiss National Science Foundation, the Beijing Institute of Collaborative Innovation, the U.S. National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy. Saraswat is the Rickey/Nielsen Professor in Stanford's School of Engineering and an affiliated faculty member of Stanford's Precourt Institute for Energy.
Mark Golden, Precourt Institute for Energy: (650) 724-1629; mark.golden@stanford.edu
How cryptogenomics advances both science and privacy
Uniting computer science, mathematics and genomics, cryptogenomics expert Gill Bejerano hopes to expand access to DNA while also keeping it secret.
Better mental health found among transgender people who started hormones as teens
Transgender adults who started gender-affirming hormone therapy as teens had better mental health than those who waited until adulthood or wanted the treatment but never received it, a Stanford-led study found.
Lerone A. Martin on what we know – and don't know – about Martin Luther King, Jr.
Lerone A. Martin, the new faculty director of Stanford's Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute, discusses why access to information about King is more important than ever.
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Pyrokinection: A Poem by Martin Willitts, Jr.
When stars swim, it is time to cast out nets of regret.
When blackness swallows light, our hearts are gills.
are on a mating run where only a few survive.
Where are the dead among this swimming?
What continues when everything ends?
Where do these treacherous rapids end?
Martin Willitts Jr has four full length poetry collections and over 20 chapbooks including recently, "Late All Night Sessions with Charlie "the Bird" Parker and the Members of Birdland, in Take-Three" (A Kind Of a Hurricane Press, ebook, 2013). His forthcoming poetry books include "Waiting For The Day To Open Its Wings" (UNBOUND Content, 2013), "Art Is the Impression of an Artist" (Edgar and Lenore's Publishing House, 2013), "City Of Tents" (Crisis Chronicles Press, 2013), "A Is for Aorta" (Seven Circles Press, e-book, 2013), "Swimming In the Ladle of Stars" (Kattywompus Press, 2013), and he is the winner of the inaugural Wild Earth Poetry Contest for his full length collection "Searching For What Is Not There" (Hiraeth Press, 2013).


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Call for Applicants – President, SCA. Inc.
President, SCA. Inc.
Leslie Vaughn, President of the Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc., has announced that the SCA Board of Directors is now accepting applications for the position of President of the SCA Inc.
The Board of Directors of the Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc. is currently accepting applications for the position of President of the SCA Inc. This is a position requiring approximately 10-20 hours per week and includes a stipend.
The President is the principal spokesperson for the SCA, Inc. This officer is a liaison between the SCA, Inc. and outside professionals such as attorneys, accountants and insurance representatives. This officer is a contact for the SCA, Inc. for law enforcement, government agencies, and claimants against the SCA, Inc.
The President works with the Vice President of Corporate Operations to coordinate much of the day-to-day modern operation of the Corporation, and supervises and facilitates communication between many of the Society Officers.
The President is required to execute contracts necessary to properly conduct the SCA's business, and may delegate similar responsibilities. The President is also responsible for such legal matters as contracts and merchandising. The President advises the Board of Directors on areas of corporate governance and policy issues. The President may be assigned other duties by the Board.
Qualifications for the position include excellent written and oral communication skills, the ability to work independently to prioritize tasks and meet deadlines, and strong computer skills. Experience in a modern business setting, organizational ability and problem-solving skills are a must. Experience in a modern non-profit organization and prior experience at the Corporate or Society level of the SCA are desirable, but not required.
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Hard copies of résumés (both professional and SCA, including offices held and awards received) must be sent to the attention of the Board and the President at the SCA Corporate Office, P.O. Box 360789, Milpitas, CA 95036-0789. Résumés must be received by Oct 1, 2015. Questions regarding this position may be directed to Scott Berk, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the SCA Inc. via e-mail at chairman@sca.org, or to Leslie Vaughn, President, via e-mail at president@sca.org.
Comments are strongly encouraged and can be sent to: SCA Inc. Box 360789 Milpitas, CA 95036
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SCA Inc.
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text:
Q: Custom sorting an object by field containing string with letters and numbers I have a model for assessment criteria which has a :label field containing string values like
//P1
//P2
//P3
//P4
//M1
//M2
//M3
//M4
//D1
//D2
//D3
//D4
//etc.

I want to order my queries by this field but looking at the number first and then in the order of P, M, D for each number, resulting in:
//P1
//M1
//D1
//P2
//M2
//D2
//P3
//M3
//D3
//P4
//M4
//D4
//etc.

How could I achieve that?

A: Try this:
sort_order = "PMD"

%w(//P1 //P2 //P3 //P4 //M1 //M2 //M3 //M4 //D1 //D2 //D3 //D4 ).sort_by do  |str|
  str.gsub(/^.{3}/, '') + sort_order.index(str[2]).to_s
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
require 'spec_helper'

module Spree
  module Core
    describe Importer::Order do

      let!(:country) { create(:country) }
      let!(:state) { country.states.first || create(:state, :country => country) }
      let!(:stock_location) { create(:stock_location, admin_name: 'Admin Name') }

      let(:user) { stub_model(LegacyUser, :email => 'fox@mudler.com') }
      let(:shipping_method) { create(:shipping_method) }
      let(:payment_method) { create(:check_payment_method) }

      let(:product) { product = Spree::Product.create(:name => 'Test',
                                             :sku => 'TEST-1',
                                             :price => 33.22)
                      product.shipping_category = create(:shipping_category)
                      product.save
                      product }

      let(:variant) { variant = product.master
                      variant.stock_items.each { |si| si.update_attribute(:count_on_hand, 10) }
                      variant }

      let(:sku) { variant.sku }
      let(:variant_id) { variant.id }

      let(:line_items) {{ "0" => { :variant_id => variant.id, :quantity => 5 }}}
      let(:ship_address) {{
         :address1 => '123 Testable Way',
         :firstname => 'Fox',
         :lastname => 'Mulder',
         :city => 'Washington',
         :country_id => country.id,
         :state_id => state.id,
         :zipcode => '66666',
         :phone => '666-666-6666'
      }}

      it 'can import an order number' do
        params = { number: '123-456-789' }
        order = Importer::Order.import(user, params)
        expect(order.number).to eq '123-456-789'
      end

      it 'optionally add completed at' do
        params = { email: 'test@test.com',
                   completed_at: Time.now,
                   line_items_attributes: line_items }

        order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        expect(order).to be_completed
        expect(order.state).to eq 'complete'
      end

      it "assigns order[email] over user email to order" do
        params = { email: 'wooowww@test.com' }
        order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        expect(order.email).to eq params[:email]
      end

      context "assigning a user to an order" do
        let(:other_user) { stub_model(LegacyUser, :email => 'dana@scully.com') }

        context "as an admin" do
          before { allow(user).to receive_messages :has_spree_role? => true }

          context "a user's id is not provided" do
            # this is a regression spec for an issue we ran into at Bonobos
            it "doesn't unassociate the admin from the order" do
              params = { }
              order = Importer::Order.import(user, params)
              expect(order.user_id).to eq(user.id)
            end
          end
        end

        context "as a user" do
          before { allow(user).to receive_messages :has_spree_role? => false }
          it "does not assign the order to the other user" do
            params = { user_id: other_user.id }
            order = Importer::Order.import(user, params)
            expect(order.user_id).to eq(user.id)
          end
        end
      end

      it 'can build an order from API with just line items' do
        params = { :line_items_attributes => line_items }

        expect(Importer::Order).to receive(:ensure_variant_id_from_params).and_return({variant_id: variant.id, quantity: 5})
        order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        expect(order.user).to eq(nil)
        line_item = order.line_items.first
        expect(line_item.quantity).to eq(5)
        expect(line_item.variant_id).to eq(variant_id)
      end

      it 'handles line_item building exceptions' do
        line_items['0'][:variant_id] = 'XXX'
        params = { :line_items_attributes => line_items }

        expect {
          order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        }.to raise_error /XXX/
      end

      it 'handles line_item updating exceptions' do
        line_items['0'][:currency] = 'GBP'
        params = { :line_items_attributes => line_items }

        expect {
          order = Importer::Order.import(user, params)
        }.to raise_error /Validation failed/
      end

      it 'can build an order from API with variant sku' do
        params = { :line_items_attributes => {
                     "0" => { :sku => sku, :quantity => 5 } }}

        order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)

        line_item = order.line_items.first
        expect(line_item.variant_id).to eq(variant_id)
        expect(line_item.quantity).to eq(5)
      end

      it 'handles exceptions when sku is not found' do
        params = { :line_items_attributes => {
                     "0" => { :sku => 'XXX', :quantity => 5 } }}
        expect {
          order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        }.to raise_error /XXX/
      end

      it 'can build an order from API shipping address' do
        params = { :ship_address_attributes => ship_address,
                   :line_items_attributes => line_items }

        order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        expect(order.ship_address.address1).to eq '123 Testable Way'
      end

      it 'can build an order from API with country attributes' do
        ship_address.delete(:country_id)
        ship_address[:country] = { 'iso' => 'US' }
        params = { :ship_address_attributes => ship_address,
                   :line_items_attributes => line_items }

        order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        expect(order.ship_address.country.iso).to eq 'US'
      end

      it 'handles country lookup exceptions' do
        ship_address.delete(:country_id)
        ship_address[:country] = { 'iso' => 'XXX' }
        params = { :ship_address_attributes => ship_address,
                   :line_items_attributes => line_items }

        expect {
          order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        }.to raise_error /XXX/
      end

      it 'can build an order from API with state attributes' do
        ship_address.delete(:state_id)
        ship_address[:state] = { 'name' => state.name }
        params = { :ship_address_attributes => ship_address,
                   :line_items_attributes => line_items }

        order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        expect(order.ship_address.state.name).to eq 'Alabama'
      end

      context "with a different currency" do
        before { variant.price_in("GBP").update_attribute(:price, 18.99) }

        it "sets the order currency" do
          params = {
            currency: "GBP"
          }
          order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
          expect(order.currency).to eq "GBP"
        end

        it "can handle it when a line order price is specified" do
          params = {
            currency: "GBP",
            line_items_attributes: line_items
          }
          line_items["0"].merge! currency: "GBP", price: 1.99
          order = Importer::Order.import(user, params)
          expect(order.currency).to eq "GBP"
          expect(order.line_items.first.price).to eq 1.99
          expect(order.line_items.first.currency).to eq "GBP"
        end
      end

      context "state passed is not associated with country" do
        let(:params) do
          params = { :ship_address_attributes => ship_address,
                     :line_items_attributes => line_items }
        end

        let(:other_state) { create(:state, name: "Uhuhuh", country: create(:country)) }

        before do
          ship_address.delete(:state_id)
          ship_address[:state] = { 'name' => other_state.name }
        end

        it 'sets states name instead of state id' do
          order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
          expect(order.ship_address.state_name).to eq other_state.name
        end
      end

      it 'sets state name if state record not found' do
        ship_address.delete(:state_id)
        ship_address[:state] = { 'name' => 'XXX' }
        params = { :ship_address_attributes => ship_address,
                   :line_items_attributes => line_items }

        order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        expect(order.ship_address.state_name).to eq 'XXX'
      end

      context 'variant not deleted' do
        it 'ensures variant id from api' do
          hash = { sku: variant.sku }
          Importer::Order.ensure_variant_id_from_params(hash)
          expect(hash[:variant_id]).to eq variant.id
        end
      end

      context 'variant was deleted' do
        it 'raise error as variant shouldnt be found' do
          variant.product.destroy
          hash = { sku: variant.sku }
          expect {
            Importer::Order.ensure_variant_id_from_params(hash)
          }.to raise_error
        end
      end

      it 'ensures_country_id for country fields' do
        [:name, :iso, :iso_name, :iso3].each do |field|
          address = { :country => { field => country.send(field) }}
          Importer::Order.ensure_country_id_from_params(address)
          expect(address[:country_id]).to eq country.id
        end
      end

      it "raises with proper message when cant find country" do
        address = { :country => { "name" => "NoNoCountry" } }
        expect {
          Importer::Order.ensure_country_id_from_params(address)
        }.to raise_error /NoNoCountry/
      end

      it 'ensures_state_id for state fields' do
        [:name, :abbr].each do |field|
          address = { country_id: country.id, :state => { field => state.send(field) }}
          Importer::Order.ensure_state_id_from_params(address)
          expect(address[:state_id]).to eq state.id
        end
      end

      context "shipments" do
        let(:params) do
          { :shipments_attributes => [
              { :tracking => '123456789',
                :cost => '14.99',
                :shipping_method => shipping_method.name,
                :stock_location => stock_location.name,
                :inventory_units => [{ :sku => sku }]
              }
          ] }
        end

        it 'ensures variant exists and is not deleted' do
          expect(Importer::Order).to receive(:ensure_variant_id_from_params)
          order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        end

        it 'builds them properly' do
          order = Importer::Order.import(user, params)
          shipment = order.shipments.first

          expect(shipment.cost.to_f).to eq 14.99
          expect(shipment.inventory_units.first.variant_id).to eq product.master.id
          expect(shipment.tracking).to eq '123456789'
          expect(shipment.shipping_rates.first.cost).to eq 14.99
          expect(shipment.selected_shipping_rate).to eq(shipment.shipping_rates.first)
          expect(shipment.stock_location).to eq stock_location
          expect(order.shipment_total.to_f).to eq 14.99
        end

        it "accepts admin name for stock location" do
          params[:shipments_attributes][0][:stock_location] = stock_location.admin_name
          order = Importer::Order.import(user, params)
          shipment = order.shipments.first

          expect(shipment.stock_location).to eq stock_location
        end

        it "raises if cant find stock location" do
          params[:shipments_attributes][0][:stock_location] = "doesnt exist"
          expect {
            order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
          }.to raise_error
        end

        context 'when completed_at and shipped_at present' do
          let(:params) do
            {
              :completed_at => 2.days.ago,
              :shipments_attributes => [
                { :tracking => '123456789',
                  :cost => '4.99',
                  :shipped_at => 1.day.ago,
                  :shipping_method => shipping_method.name,
                  :stock_location => stock_location.name,
                  :inventory_units => [{ :sku => sku }]
                }
              ]
            }
          end

          it 'builds them properly' do
            order = Importer::Order.import(user, params)
            shipment = order.shipments.first

            expect(shipment.cost.to_f).to eq 4.99
            expect(shipment.inventory_units.first.variant_id).to eq product.master.id
            expect(shipment.tracking).to eq '123456789'
            expect(shipment.shipped_at).to be_present
            expect(shipment.shipping_rates.first.cost).to eq 4.99
            expect(shipment.selected_shipping_rate).to eq(shipment.shipping_rates.first)
            expect(shipment.stock_location).to eq stock_location
            expect(shipment.state).to eq('shipped')
            expect(shipment.inventory_units.all?(&:shipped?)).to be true
            expect(order.shipment_state).to eq('shipped')
            expect(order.shipment_total.to_f).to eq 4.99
          end
        end
      end

      it 'handles shipment building exceptions' do
        params = { :shipments_attributes => [{ tracking: '123456789',
                                               cost: '4.99',
                                               shipping_method: 'XXX',
                                               inventory_units: [{ sku: sku }]
                                             }] }
        expect {
          order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        }.to raise_error /XXX/
      end

      it 'adds adjustments' do
        params = { :adjustments_attributes => [
            { label: 'Shipping Discount', amount: -4.99 },
            { label: 'Promotion Discount', amount: -3.00 }] }

        order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        expect(order.adjustments.all?(&:closed?)).to be true
        expect(order.adjustments.first.label).to eq 'Shipping Discount'
        expect(order.adjustments.first.amount).to eq -4.99
      end

      it "calculates final order total correctly" do
        params = {
          adjustments_attributes: [
            { label: 'Promotion Discount', amount: -3.00 }
          ],
          line_items_attributes: {
            "0" => {
              variant_id: variant.id,
              quantity: 5
            }
          }
        }

        order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        expect(order.item_total).to eq(166.1)
        expect(order.total).to eq(163.1) # = item_total (166.1) - adjustment_total (3.00)

      end

      it 'handles adjustment building exceptions' do
        params = { :adjustments_attributes => [
            { amount: 'XXX' },
            { label: 'Promotion Discount', amount: '-3.00' }] }

        expect {
          order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        }.to raise_error /XXX/
      end

      it 'builds a payment using state' do
        params = { :payments_attributes => [{ amount: '4.99',
                                              payment_method: payment_method.name,
                                              state: 'completed' }] }
        order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        expect(order.payments.first.amount).to eq 4.99
      end

      it 'builds a payment using status as fallback' do
        params = { :payments_attributes => [{ amount: '4.99',
                                              payment_method: payment_method.name,
                                              status: 'completed' }] }
        order = Importer::Order.import(user,params)
        expect(order.payments.first.amount).to eq 4.99
      end

      it 'handles payment building exceptions' do
        params = { :payments_attributes => [{ amount: '4.99',
                                              payment_method: 'XXX' }] }
        expect {
          order = Importer::Order.import(user, params)
        }.to raise_error /XXX/
      end

      it 'build a source payment using years and month' do
        params = { :payments_attributes => [{
                                              amount: '4.99',
                                              payment_method: payment_method.name,
                                              status: 'completed',
                                              source: {
                                                name: 'Fox',
                                                last_digits: "7424",
                                                cc_type: "visa",
                                                year: '2022',
                                                month: "5"
                                              }
                                            }]}

        order = Importer::Order.import(user, params)
        expect(order.payments.first.source.last_digits).to eq '7424'
      end

      it 'handles source building exceptions when do not have years and month' do
        params = { :payments_attributes => [{
                                              amount: '4.99',
                                              payment_method: payment_method.name,
                                              status: 'completed',
                                              source: {
                                                name: 'Fox',
                                                last_digits: "7424",
                                                cc_type: "visa"
                                              }
                                            }]}

        expect {
          order = Importer::Order.import(user, params)
        }.to raise_error /Validation failed: Credit card Month is not a number, Credit card Year is not a number/
      end

      context "raises error" do
        it "clears out order from db" do
          params = { :payments_attributes => [{ payment_method: "XXX" }] }
          count = Order.count

          expect { order = Importer::Order.import(user,params) }.to raise_error
          expect(Order.count).to eq count
        end
      end

    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
George from 8web Tinker Town Museum | Turquoise Trail Regional Alliance
Originally a traveling exhibit at county fairs and carnivals in the '60s and '70s, the miniature wood-carved figures that took Ross Ward more than 40 years to create are displayed in this 22-room museum.
The figures, including residents of a Wild West town, circus performers and more, are joined by eccentric collections of Americana—from antique tools and wedding cake couples to Otto the one-man band and fortune teller Esmerelda, who come to life for a just a quarter.
The exterior exhibits are equally fascinating, from the 5,000 glass bottles that make up the rambling walls to wagon wheels, old-fashioned store fronts and wacky Western memorabilia. Photo by Megan Ward.
http://tinkertown.com/


Big news… world renowned acoustic guitar luthier Michael Bashkin has decided to host his own podcast for the Fretboard Journal entitled Luthier on Luthier with Michael Bashkin. Once a month, he'll conduct long-form interviews with some of his favorite acoustic and electric builders, learning about what inspires them, what projects are currently on the table and much more. The podcast will be available here on our site, via iTunes and on a variety of other networks, including Stitcher.
To get the ball rolling, Bashkin's first interview is with lutherie legend Ervin Somogyi. Somogyi talks about the influence the Bay Area had on his guitar career, his decision to become a luthier, his legacy and much more. To give you a taste of the variety this show will have, we also are posting our second episode right now with builder innovative guitarmaker Burton Legeyt. Look for a third Luthier on Luthier episode in mid-March.
Ervin Somogyi is often referred to as the luthier's luthier: His guitars are among the most well-known and sought after custom instruments being made today. Ervin has influenced the custom guitar world, not with his own guitars, but also by training some of today's top builders and by authoring his two-book series, the Responsive Guitar. For our debut episode of Luthier on Luthier, Ervin and Bashkin cover a lot of topics including what he enjoys most about guitar building, his approach to understanding how guitars work and his thoughts on design.
Burton Legeyt started building guitars without any formal training or apprenticeship. Instead he came to guitarbuilding through painting, picture framing, metal working and vintage watchmaking equipment. His open-minded approach gives his guitars a distinctive look and feel, even down to the tuning machines. In this interview, we cover restoring vintage tooling, his definition of art, why he started (and stopped) shaving braces with a razor blade.
Want to subscribe to the Luthier on Luthier Podcast? Do so via iTunes here.
We hope you enjoy these episodes and what's coming in the future. The Fretboard Journal Podcast will return to its regularly weekly schedule next week and continue to interview artists, builders, collectors and historians. And we have a few more surprises over the next few months!
Ervin Somogyi photo by Karl Nielsen.


text:
18461 posts since MMVI
Exitpost – Two Dreamers
Currently residing in New York City, producer and DJ Exitpost stands out amongst the mainstream with his debut album Two Dreamers. A palatial 9-part series of Japanese-influenced indie electronic music, this LP surveys the trials and tribulations of identity. Despite his current residency in New York, Exitpost was born in Tokyo. Due to his unique upbringing, Exitpost has struggled with recurring nightmares of being trapped in NYC, unable to return to Tokyo and vice versa. Two Dreamers invites listeners to explore his visions through an opulent listening experience. Each track stands alone as its own piece of art, fusing together to create an entire outline of illuminated consciousness. This silvered structure of work and intellect includes the "Two Dreamers" single featuring Japanese vocalist Unmo and future bass relics like "New Moon Phase" and "Anata." The project dissolves into a mellifluous piano on "Dreams of Home," reminding fans that the album goes above and beyond its endearing synth work and dives into the psyche of internal strife- listen today.
Disco Belle
Exitpost
Don Toliver – No Idea (Chopped & Screwed) (video)	YoungBoy Never Broke Again – Dirty lyanna (video)


The European island of Malta is becoming a cryptocurrency and blockchain hub. Now, another island – in another part of the world – is making an effort to emerge as a centre for FinTech Innovation.
The government of Bermuda is pushing to distributed ledger technology and the Bermuda Business Development Agency (BDA), is in charge of carrying this revolution in the technological field.
The government has decided to take a friendly approach towards cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology. They additionally dicided to welcome government authorities and blockchain business visionaries from various parts of the world to set up a roadmap in order to make Bermuda one of the first regulated hubs for blockchain and virtual currencies.
Moreover, the island is thinking about a well disposed administrative structure for Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) to spread there. A few nations have chosen to totally boycott ICOs, like South Korea or China. The intention is not to make the country a place without regulations for ICOs, but just generate a good place where ICOs could run, operate and manage their investments.
The main concern that Bermuda's authorities have is the fact that several ICOs that raised funds have completely disappeared or proved out to be scams. At the moment, the world is following very carefully these new ways of fundraising and trying to establish clear frameworks to avoid further problems.


How to clear nginx cache manually ?
Normally I like to do manually job.
This will clear all your cache in one line.
If you just want to delete a single file from nginx cache, you can try this.
Author Justin SooPosted on 2016-05-16 2016-05-15 Categories LinuxTags cache, centos, delete, nginx, nginx cache, removeLeave a comment on How to clear nginx cache manually ?


text:
Graeme Murphy
gelatin silver photograph on paper	(image: 20.3 cm x 13.6 cm)
Graeme Murphy AO (b. 1950), choreographer and dancer, was the youngest male dancer to be accepted into the Australian Ballet School, and commenced with the Australian Ballet at the age of eighteen. Eight years later, in 1976, he was appointed artistic director of the Sydney Dance Company (then known as The Dance Company NSW). Since then he has created a repertoire of some seventy works, including productions for Opera Australia, the Australian Ballet, and the Metropolitan Opera, New York. His most popular piece is perhaps Poppy (1978), a full-length ballet based on the life of Jean Cocteau, in which he danced the title role four years after announcing his retirement. In 2001 he was presented with a Helpmann Award for his Body of Work; he won another for best choreography for Swan Lake in 2003. Named a Living National Treasure in 1999, Murphy retired from the Sydney Dance Company in 2007 after three decades as artistic director. His recent honours include the 2009 Best Choreography Green Room Award for Firebird and the 2011 Fred & Adele Astaire Award for Excellence in Choreography. He was named an Officer of the Order of Australia in June 2012 for his distinguished contribution to Australian dance.
Stuart Campbell (1951–2009) was born in Ballarat and became interested in photography as a student at Swinburne Technical College in Melbourne. In 1972 he moved to Sydney and studied at the National Institute of Dramatic Art. After graduation Campbell played on stage with major theatre companies, appeared in a number of films including Caddie (1976) and Starstruck (1982), and found work in television series including Certain Women, The Restless Years, Cop Shop and Patrol Boat. In the early 1980s he began taking portraits of friends such as actors Mel Gibson, Colin Friels and Judy Davis and filmmakers Gillian Armstrong and Peter Weir, building up a unique record of the actors, directors and writers of the decade's 'Australian New Wave' cinema. This portrait of Murphy is one of ten photographs acquired by gift from Campbell's estate following the National Portrait Gallery's 2011 exhibition of his work, Between light and shadow.
Gift of the Estate of Stuart Campbell 2012
© Estate of Stuart Campbell
Graeme Murphy AO
1. Mirror Mirror: Graeme Murphy, 2004 Paula Dawson. © Paula Dawson/Copyright Agency, 2021. 2. Graeme Murphy AM, 1977 (printed 2002) Lewis Morley. © Lewis Morley Archive LLC. 3. Colin Friels, n.d. Stuart Campbell. © Estate of Stuart Campbell. 4. Bruce Spence, n.d. Stuart Campbell. © Estate of Stuart Campbell.
The essence of you
Magazine article by Lee Tulloch, 2011
Lee Tulloch remembers her great friend NIDA-trained actor turned photographer Stuart Campbell.
Reflections on a Hologram
Magazine article by Sam Bowker, 2005
Sam Bowker examines Paula Dawson's Mirror, Mirror - a holographic portrait of Graeme Murphy.


Podcast Episodes 22 Oct 2011 06:44 pm by David !
"KILLED BY DANIEL," by Julia Wainwright.
He got the results in April, and his first thought was that he had no idea what to do with them. For a while, he kept the little slip of paper hidden at the back of a desk drawer at work, still inside its official envelope. He didn't want it in the house — Phil was bound to ferret it out. Phil wouldn't even have to try, bless him; he was just one of those people who found things.
He'd thrown away all the other stuff that had been in there, all the leaflets about counselling and help-lines and support groups and whatnot. Everything seemed to be full of leaflets these days. It was like the Sunday papers: you always had to give them a proper shaking over the coffee table before you read them, otherwise hundreds of shiny advertisements would be likely to slither out and attack you.
After three weeks, Robin took the slip of paper out of his desk drawer and burnt it in the wastepaper bin.
Julia Wainwright lives in Suffolk, England, where she writes stuff, makes things, and grows 0.1 percent of her own food. She's just happy to be here. Julia can be reached at juliacw at ntlworld.com.
Timothy Volpert is a poet and musician from Topeka, Kansas. His latest collection of poetry is Their Memories, Your Orchard OR The Worried Courier and Other Stories.
In the book, "KILLED BY DANIEL" is illustrated by Marcus Parcus. This podcast episode was edited by Matt Schwartz.


Mission Statement: To support the healthy emotional and social development of children ages 0-6years within the circle of their family, friends and community.
Vision Statement: We, in the Surrey community, provide a circle of strength, common understanding and practice to engender(support) emotionally healthy young children and families.
To increase community awareness of healthy emotional ECD at various stages.
To increase the skill level of parents and practitioners to support emotionally healthy young children and families.


text:
Q: How to check if a PDF file is signed or not using iTextsharp in C#? I have a PDF file and I want to check whether it is signed by digital signature or not. using iTextsharp, the code in C#.

A: I would advise taking a look at the official examples.
They contain e.g. an example "SignatureInfo" which outputs multiple information items on all signatures embedded in a PDF; thus, they in particular determine whether a file is signed at all.

It you are using iTextSharp 5.5.x, your pivotal code is this
public void InspectSignatures(String path) {
    Console.WriteLine(path);
    PdfReader reader = new PdfReader(path);
    AcroFields fields = reader.AcroFields;
    List<String> names = fields.GetSignatureNames();
    SignaturePermissions perms = null;
    foreach (String name in names) {
        Console.WriteLine("===== " + name + " =====");
        perms = InspectSignature(fields, name, perms);
    }
    Console.WriteLine();
}

(from the iTextSharp example C5_02_SignatureInfo.cs)
As you see, the method AcroFields.GetSignatureNames() gets you the names of all signed signature fields. If that list is non-empty, the PDF is signed.

If you are using iText 7 for .Net, your pivotal code is this:
public virtual void InspectSignatures(String path)
{
    // System.out.println(path);
    PdfDocument pdfDoc = new PdfDocument(new PdfReader(path));
    PdfAcroForm form = PdfAcroForm.GetAcroForm(pdfDoc, false);
    SignaturePermissions perms = null;
    SignatureUtil signUtil = new SignatureUtil(pdfDoc);
    IList<String> names = signUtil.GetSignatureNames();
    foreach (String name in names)
    {
        System.Console.Out.WriteLine("===== " + name + " =====");
        perms = InspectSignature(pdfDoc, signUtil, form, name, perms);
    }
    System.Console.Out.WriteLine();
}

(from the iText 7 for .Net example C5_02_SignatureInfo.cs)
As you see, the method SignatureUtil.GetSignatureNames() gets you the names of all signed signature fields. If that list is non-empty, the PDF is signed.

By the way, as you did not specify any further, I assume you mean regular integrated PDF signatures, in particular neither detached signatures nor XFA signatures.


If you are buying your Audi for personal use, our Business Manager, Norman Nelson is available to offer advice and provide a personalised finance quote. If it is for business then James MacDonald, our Business Development Manager will be able to assist.
A flexible product that lets you get a higher specification model or reduce your outgoings.
You defer the repayment of a portion of the car's current value until the end of the agreement, so that your repayments are lower than the comparable hire purchase option. Your regular repayments are also fixed.
If your circumstances change, Solutions gives you flexibility in the future.
Hire Purchase works slightly differently. You simply put down a deposit and the remaining balance is divided equally over the of the loan.
Hire Purchase is ideal if you want eventual ownership of the car.
If you're interested in hiring your Audi for business use, then our Contract Hire plan may be perfect for you.
Audi Contract Hire makes hiring easy. There are no complicated forms to fill in or number crunching to do. All it requires is an initial deposit then fixed monthly payments. We will also handle all vehicle maintenance, and at very competitive rates.


text:
Q: Rasterizing 3d plot adds a weird frame I am trying to export a 3d plot of good quality.
Here is a MWE:
ptest = Plot3D[Sin[x + y^2], {x, -3, 3}, {y, -2, 2}]
Export["test.pdf",
 Rasterize[ptest, ImageResolution -> 100, Background -> White],
 Frame -> False, FrameStyle -> White]

The problem is that after exporting there is a weird frame in the pdf file. It seems like there is some shade apparent in the bottom and right edge of the file. See the red arrow in the attached picture.
Does anyone know how to fix it?

My Mathematica version is
"12.2.0 for Mac OS X x86 (64-bit) (December 12, 2020)"

My Mac OS version is:
ProductName:    macOS
ProductVersion: 11.5.2
BuildVersion:   20G95

To see this issue better, here is a screenshot from a tex document:

A: The problem disappears when I changed the file suffix from pdf to png.
Namely using
ptest = Plot3D[Sin[x + y^2], {x, -3, 3}, {y, -2, 2}]
Export["test.png",
 Rasterize[ptest, ImageResolution -> 100, Background -> White],
 Frame -> False, FrameStyle -> White]


Contracted and certified (ready to sell) these plans with PPI.
OR Provide documentation to show you initiated transfer request for UHC (to the carrier and your current FMO) AND have 2 other MA plans with PPI you are certified and ready to sell now.
For New Appointment or Transfer Instructions, contact Terri S (terris@ppisales.info).
To discuss a Med Sup carrier that will qualify for your area, contact Robert Nance (robertn@ppisales.info) or call 864.228.2635.
Choose either Kemper or GTL. The GTL contract can be completed via SuranceBay. Contact Jenny (jennyb@ppisales.info) to request the Kemper contract link.
Once you are appointed & certified with all 3 carriers above, contact Robert Nance (robertn@ppisales.info or 864.228.2635) to submit your lead order!
Already approved for Lead Orders?
RSVP for our upcoming LIVE agent events & webinars!


text:
Lou Blackman
March Madness gets underway a year after being cancelled
After a year absence, the madness did not take long in the NCAA Men's Basketball tournament. As usual, there were many upsets. In the first day, 15-seeded Oral Roberts bested 2-seed Ohio State. Oral Roberts was the ninth 15-seed to ever make the round of 32. Oral Roberts then beat 7-seed Flori-da, becoming the second 15-seed ever to make the sweet sixteen after Florida Gulf Coast in 2013.
"This March has been the most madness out of every tournament ever. The thing that makes me happiest is relaxing and watching every game at once" Kamden Wilson said.
Gonzaga held the position of frontrunner for a majority of the tournament. Led by their big three, that is senior Corey Kispert, sophomore Drew Timme, and freshman Jalen Suggs, they combined for over 52 points a game.
"I would like to see Gonzaga win it all even though they are undefeated. I like their program and the way they make players better over time at their program. I have also always like coach Mark Few," seniorJack Broulliette said.
March has been a chance for players to shine in the spotlight. Ohio's Jason Preston used that spotlight to show fans and NBA scouts how he can really play. In the first round he led 13-seeded Ohio to victory over defending champs Virginia. He put up 11 points, 13 rebounds, and 8 assists as his team facilitator.
UPDATE: Following the publishing of this story, Gonzaga defeated Baylor in the National Championship.
Winter Sports Preview
ACHS Football O-Line
Pro Sports Review 2021