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20th Century Philosophy > 20th Century Analytic Philosophy > Gottlob Frege > Frege: Philosophy of Language > Frege: Singular Terms > Frege: Indexicals and Demonstratives, Misc
Frege: Indexicals and Demonstratives, Misc
Frege: Genuine Proper Names (21)
Frege: The First-Person Pronoun (24)
Frege: Descriptions (13)
Frege: Singular Terms, Misc (1)
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De Se Puzzles and Frege Puzzles.Stephan Torre & Clas Weber - 2019 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy (1):50-76.details
What is the relationship between Frege's puzzle and the puzzle of the de se? An increasingly influential view claims that the de se puzzle is merely an instance of Frege's puzzle and that the idea that de se attitudes pose a distinctive theoretical challenge rests on a myth. Here we argue that this view is misguided. There are important differences between the two puzzles. First, unlike Frege puzzle cases, de se puzzle cases involve unshareable Fregean senses. Second, unlike Frege puzzle (...) cases, de se puzzle cases cannot be resolved by objective information alone. Further, there seem to be pure cases of each puzzle: instances of the de se puzzle which do not have a Fregean structure, and instances of Frege's puzzle, which do not involve de se attitudes. We conclude that the two puzzles are fundamentally different and that the traditional theory of attitudes needs to be amended. (shrink)
Frege: Indexicals and Demonstratives, Misc in 20th Century Philosophy
Frege: The First-Person Pronoun in 20th Century Philosophy
Indexicals, Misc in Philosophy of Language
The First-Person Pronoun in Philosophy of Language
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Slicing Thoughts.Vojislav Bozickovic - 2017 - American Philosophical Quarterly 54 (1):3-13.details
According to a criterion of difference for thoughts derived from Frege, two thoughts are different if it is at the same time possible for a rational subject to take conflicting epistemic attitudes toward them. But applying this criterion to perception-based demonstrative thoughts seems to slice thoughts too finely and lead to their proliferation which makes the criterion implausible. I argue that such a proliferation of thoughts is blocked by transforming this criterion into a related one that is shown to be (...) essential in individuating thoughts as they are conceived of in this paper. This has to do with the fact that what makes demonstrative sense synchronically or diachronically the same is the subject's unreflective taking-for-granted that the object that she is perceiving is a single object that does not require her to keep track of it in the sense supposed by Evans and Campbell. (shrink)
Frege: Criteria for Sense Identity in 20th Century Philosophy
Philosophy of Language, Misc in Philosophy of Language
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Frege's Theory of Hybrid Proper Names Extended.Mark Textor - 2015 - Mind 124 (495):823-847.details
According to Frege, neither demonstratives nor indexicals are singular terms; only a demonstrative together with 'circumstances accompanying its utterance' has sense and singular reference. While this view seems defensible for demonstratives, where demonstrations serve as non-verbal signs, indexicals, especially pure indexicals like 'I', 'here', and 'now', seem not to be in need of completion by circumstances of utterance. In this paper I argue on the basis of independent reasons that indexicals are in fact in need of completion; I identify the (...) completers as uses of circumstances of utterance by the speaker; and I show how these uses together with the utterance of indexical sentences express thoughts. The starting point of the paper is a criticism of Kripke's and Künne's alternative treatment of indexicals in Frege's framework. (shrink)
Fregean Sense in Philosophy of Language
Indexicals and Demonstratives in Philosophy of Language
Über Künne Über Kripke Über Künne Über Frege.Andreas Kemmerling - 2011 - Zeitschrift für Philosophische Forschung 65 (3):389-402.details
Indexicals: A Problem for Gottlob Frege's Semantic.Ángela Rocío Bejarano Chaves - 2010 - Discusiones Filosóficas 11 (17):139-149.details
Los deícticos: Un problema para la semántica de Gottlob Frege.Ángela Rocío Bejarano Chaves - 2010 - Discusiones Filosóficas 11 (17):139-149.details
La tesis de este artículo es que tenemosrazones suficientes para considerar losdeícticos un problema para la propuestasemántica de Gottlob Frege. Dividiremosel texto en dos partes: en la primera,expondremos el programa semánt i codel l ógi co al emán por medi o de t rest e s i s e s t r uc t ur ant e s. En l a s e gunda,introduciremos la cuestión de los deícticos,explorando en qué medida representan unproblema para dicho programa. The thesis of this (...) article is that we haveenough reasons to consider indexicals asa problem for Gottlob Frege's semantic.We will divide the text into two parts: inthe first one, we will expose the semanticprogram of the german logician by meansof three structuring theses. In the secondone, we will introduce the question of theindexicals, exploring how they representa problem for the above mentioned program. (shrink)
Los deícticos. Un problema para la semántica de Gottlob Frege.Ángela Rocío Bejarano Chaves - 2010 - Discusiones Filosóficas 11:139-149.details
La tesis de este artículo es que tenemosrazones suficientes para considerar losdeícticos un problema para la propuestasemántica de Gottlob Frege. Dividiremosel texto en dos partes: en la primera,expondremos el programa semánt i codel l ógi co al emán por medi o de t rest e s i s e s t r uc t ur ant e s . En l a s e gunda,introduciremos la cuestión de los deícticos,explorando en qué medida representan unproblema para dicho programa. The thesis of (...) this article is that we haveenough reasons to consider indexicals asa problem for Gottlob Frege's semantic.We will divide the text into two parts: inthe first one, we will expose the semanticprogram of the german logician by meansof three structuring theses. In the secondone, we will introduce the question of theindexicals, exploring how they representa problem for the above mentioned program. (shrink)
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Sense, Reference and Hybridity.Wolfgang Künne - 2010 - Dialectica 64 (4):529-551.details
In his paper on 'Frege's Theory of Sense and Reference' Saul Kripke remarks: "Like the present account, Künne stresses that for Frege times, persons, etc. can be part of the expression of the thought. However, his reading is certainly not mine in significant respects . . .". On both counts, he is right. As regards the differences between our readings, in some respects I shall confess to having made a mistake, in several others I shall remain stubbornly unmoved. Thus I (...) shall insist on the need for distinguishing Fregean sense from linguistic (lexico-grammatical) meaning, I shall resist Kripke's function-theoretic account of 'hybrid' thought-expressions, and I shall deplore his transformation of Gottlob Frege into Gottrand Fressell. As regards this transformation, I shall argue that some of the main points Kripke wants to drive home do not depend on it. (shrink)
Aspects of Reference in Philosophy of Language
Occasional expressions as functional expressions in Gottlob Frege's semantic.Volha Kukushkina - 2008 - Diametros:1-29.details
In the article I present a new way to integrate occasional expressions into Frege's semantic. The principal thesis of the article is that it is possible to construct an interpretation that is fully Fregean and which is immune to the counterexamples put forward by Perry and Kaplan. According to this interpretation occasional expressions are functional expressions that name first-order functions specified on objects. Such functional expressions taken together with the objects constitute so-called hybrid proper names. I argue that Frege's requirement (...) that functions possess a value for every argument is not well justified for name-forming functions . In the second part of the article I present a proposal for the structural analysis of occasional expressions and I offer a definition of their domains. (shrink)
Frege's Theory of Hybrid Proper Names Developed and Defended.Mark Textor - 2007 - Mind 116 (464):947-982.details
Does the English demonstrative pronoun 'that' (including complex demonstratives of the form 'that F') have sense and reference? Unlike many other philosophers of language, Frege answers with a resounding 'No'. He held that the bearer of sense and reference is a so-called 'hybrid proper name' (Künne) that contains the demonstrative pronoun and specific circumstances of utterance such as glances and acts of pointing. In this paper I provide arguments for the thesis that demonstratives are hybrid proper names. After outlining why (...) Frege held the hybrid proper name view, I will defend it against recent criticism, and argue that it is superior to views that take demonstrative pronouns to be the bearer of semantic properties. (shrink)
Demonstratives, Misc in Philosophy of Language
Fregean Theories of Meaning in Philosophy of Language
Frege on Indexicals.Robert May - 2006 - Philosophical Review 115 (4):487-516.details
It is a characteristically Fregean thesis that the sense expressed by an expression is the linguistic meaning of that expression. Sense can play this role for Frege since it meets fundamental desiderata for meaning, that it be universal and invariantly expressed and objectively the same for everyone who knows the language. It has been argued,1 however, that, as a general thesis about natural languages, the identi cation of sense and meaning cannot be sustained since it is in con ict with (...) another characteristically Fregean thesis, that sense uniquely determines reference. The argument is quite simple and can be outlined as follows. Assume the two theses we have just stated. (shrink)
Do Demonstratives Have Senses?Richard Heck - 2002 - Philosophers' Imprint 2:1-33.details
Frege held that referring expressions in general, and demonstratives and indexicals in particular, contribute more than just their reference to what is expressed by utterances of sentences containing them. Heck first attempts to get clear about what the essence of the Fregean view is, arguing that it rests upon a certain conception of linguistic communication that is ultimately indefensible. On the other hand, however, he argues that understanding a demonstrative (or indexical) utterance requires one to think of the object denoted (...) in an appropriate way. This fact makes it difficult to reconcile the view that referring expressions are "directly referential" with any view that seeks (as Grice's does) to ground meaning in facts about communication. (shrink)
Frege On 'I', 'Now', 'Today' And Some Other Linguistic Devices.Edward Harcourt - 1999 - Synthese 121 (3):329-356.details
In this paper, I argue against an influential view of Frege's writings on indexical and other context-sensitive expressions, and in favour of an alternative. The centrepiece of the influential view, due to Evans and McDowell, is that according to Frege, context-sensitive word-meaning plus context combine to express senses which are essentially first person, essentially present tense and so on, depending on the contextsensitive expression in question. Frege's treatment of indexicals thus fits smoothly with his Intuitive Criterion of difference of sense. (...) On my view, by contrast, Frege stuck by the view which he held in his unpublished 1897 'Logic', namely that the senses expressed by the combination of context-sensitive word-meaning and context could just as well be expressed by means of non-context-sensitive expressions: being first person, present tense and so on are properties, in Frege's view, only of language, not of thought. Given the irreducibility of indexicals -- a phenomenon noticed by Castañeda. Perry and others -- Frege's treatment of indexicals thus turns out to be inconsistent with the Intuitive Criterion. I argue that Frege was not aware of the inconsistency because he was not aware of the irreducibility of indexicals. This oversight was possible because the source of Frege's interest in indexicals, as in other context-sensitive expressions, differed from that of contemporary theorists. Whereas contemporary theorists are most often interested in indexicals because they are interested in the indexical versions of Frege's Puzzle and their relation to psychological explanation, Frege himself was interested in them because they pose a prima facie threat to his general conception of thoughts. The only indexical expression Frege's view of which the above account does not cover is 'I' insofar as it is associated with 'special and primitive' senses, but Frege did not introduce such senses with a view to explaining the irreducibility of 'I'; his real reason for introducing them remains obscure. (shrink)
Worldlessness, Determinism and Free Will.Ari Maunu - 1999 - Dissertation, University of Turku (Finland)details
I have three main objectives in this essay. First, in chapter 2, I shall put forward and justify what I call worldlessness, by which I mean the following: All truths (as well as falsehoods) are wholly independent of any circumstances, not only time and place but also possible worlds. It follows from this view that whatever is actually true must be taken as true with respect to every possible world, which means that all truths are (in a sense) necessary. However, (...) the account I shall propound is different from what is known in the trade as necessitarianism, i.e. the view that there is only one possible world, viz. the actual one, for the doctrine of the worldlessness of truth values, despite its commitment to the necessity of truths and falsehoods, is quite compatible with the idea of there being other possible worlds. Another important issue in chapter 2, explored in particular in section 2.12, is the claim that there is no real change in the world. Secondly, in chapter 3 I consider the eminent traditional argument for determinism, deriving from Aristotle, namely, logical determinism, i.e. determinism justified by an appeal to the logical principle of bivalence (that all proper statements, including those concerning the future, are either true or false). In this connection I try to show that, (i), the formulation of the conclusion of this argument as "Whatever will happen will happen of necessity" is implausible, at least from the modern point of view, (ii), the formulation as "Whatever will happen will happen inevitably" is more to the point, and (iii), on the basis of the worldless and timeless aspect advocated in chapter 2, this latter formulation is quite harmless, essentially amounting to the trivial statement, "Whatever will happen will happen". Thirdly, in chapter 4 I study theological determinism, or determinism that arises from God's supposed providential control over everything that happens. In this connection, I shall survey some historical accounts of the relation between human free will and determinism (not only theological but also causal determinism); the philosophers the views of whom I shall attend to include Chrysippus, St. Augustine, Boethius and Aquinas. I shall in particular consider G.W. Leibniz' theodicean aspirations, viz. his solution to the problem of evil and, especially, his compatibilist attempts to reconcile human free will with the strictly deterministic flow of actual events. I think it is important to try to explicate Leibniz' ingenious account of these matters, since it seems that it has not been fully appreciated in the literature, not even by contemporary Leibniz scholars (such as B. Mates, R.C. Sleigh, C. Wilson, R.M. Adams and D. Rutherford). In providing the Leibnizian compatibilist solution of the problem of determinism and freedom in chapter 4, I shall utilize the approach of chapter 2. (shrink)
Actualism and Possibilism in Metaphysics
Determinism in Philosophy of Action
Leibniz: Metaphysics in 17th/18th Century Philosophy
Leibniz: Philosophy of Action in 17th/18th Century Philosophy
Possible Worlds, Misc in Metaphysics
Theories of Modality, Misc in Metaphysics
Frege on Indexicals: Sense and Context Sensitivity.Richard Charles Devidi - 1996 - Dissertation, The University of Western Ontario (Canada)details
Indexical expressions--e.g., 'I', 'here', 'yesterday', 'this', etc.--pose a serious challenge for a Fregean theory of meaning. A Fregean theory holds that the meaning of an expression is its sense, and that this sense determines the reference of the expression independently of context. The most notable feature of indexicals, however, is their sensitivity to context. David Kaplan and John Perry argue that there can be no Fregean solution to this issue. They assume that the Fregean sense of a singular term is (...) given by a definite description, and argue that this picture cannot work. Kaplan and Perry advance a theory of indexicals according to which the contribution an indexical makes to a proposition is the referent itself, and the meaning of the indexical is a context-sensitive rule associated with it. However, neither sort of meaning accounts for what a hearer understands. Frege's view on 'I' involves a 'special and primitive' mode of presentation of self, so that thoughts involving this mode of presentation are incommunicable. Gareth Evans bases an interpretation on Frege's remarks according to which the notion of sense is understood as a 'way of thinking' of the reference. Frege's remarks on 'I', however, violate his own strictures against psychologism. Hence, the view Evans builds on these remarks fails as an interpretation of Frege and is for the same reason unattractive as an account of indexicals. ;The proper way to construe Frege's expression 'mode of presentation' is the way Frege himself did: namely, as a criterion of identity. The appeal of the direct reference theory rests largely on the seeming transparency of indexical reference; but the idea that we have a language-independent grasp of concrete objects is an illusion. Reference requires a criterion of identity. The meaning of a particular utterance of an indexical is a Fregean sense, which is to be understood as a criterion of identity. ;Frege's few, tentative remarks on indexicals have been persistently neglected in the secondary literature. The writings of Michael Dummett are an exception in this regard. Nevertheless Dummett has never marshalled a full response to criticism of Frege on indexicals. Drawing on Frege's writings and Dummett's commentary on them, it is shown that Frege's antagonists do not present an attractive alternative theory, and that an account of indexicals consistent with Frege's theory of sense and reference can and must be given. (shrink)
Are Hybrid Proper Names the Solution to the Completion Problem? A Reply to Wolfgang Künne.Edward Harcourt - 1993 - Mind 102 (406):301-313.details
Hybrid Proper Names.Wolfgang Künne - 1992 - Mind 101 (404):721-731.details
Specific Expressions in Philosophy of Language
Frege and the Case of the Missing Sense.Pavel Tichy - 1986 - Grazer Philosophische Studien 27 (1):27-47.details
It is widely held that oblique contexts and indexical terms present difficulties to Frege's theory of sense. The aim of the present paper is to show that a simple device involving no revision of Frege's semantic doctrine resolves all the alleged difficulties. A simple extension of Frege's notation is proposed which makes it possible to translate oblique contexts into the concept script.
Frege: Indirect Reference in 20th Century Philosophy
Frege and Peirce: Indexicality and the Philosophy of Language.Patrick Barker - 1985 - Semiotics:3-14.details
Charles Sanders Peirce in 19th Century Philosophy
Frege on Indexicals.Kazuyuki Nomoto - 1985 - Annals of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science 6 (5):253-259.details
Indexikalität, Sinn Und Propositionaler Gehalt.Wolfgang Künne - 1982 - Grazer Philosophische Studien 18 (1):41-74.details
Wodurch wird der Sinn des Prädikats in einer Äußerung des indexikalischen Satzes 'Ich habe Blutgruppe A' zu dem propositionalen Gehalt vervollständigt, den der Sprecher ausdrückt? Durch einen Individualbegriff (unter den der Sprecher fällt)? Durch ein Individuum (den Sprecher in propria persona)! Keiner dieser Lösungsvorschläge für das (von Perry zuerst formulierte) Vervollständigungsproblem ist überzeugend. Für Frege ist der in einer solchen Äußerung verwendete Eigenname hybrid: er besteht aus einem Vorkommnis von 'ich' und den Umständen seiner Äußerung. Der Indikator 'ich' allein ist (...) kein Fregescher Eigenname, sondern ein namenbildender Funktor. Seine semantische Rolle ähnelt der von "token-quotes". (shrink)
Frege: Sinn in 20th Century Philosophy
Frege: Thoughts in 20th Century Philosophy
Frege, Perry, and Demonstratives.Palle Yourgrau - 1982 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 12 (4):725 - 752.details
'You ask me about the idiosyncrasies of philosophers? There is their lack of historical sense, their hatred of even the idea of becoming, their Egyptianism. They think they are doing a thing honour when they dehistoricize it, sub specie aeternitatis — when they make a mummy of it.'Nietzsche, Twilight of the Idols.
Frege on Demonstratives.John Perry - 1977 - Philosophical Review 86 (4):474-497.details


text:
Headlines summary as of 1 June 2020
Updates related to COVID-19:
Today, Thailand reports a newly confirmed case, a total of 3,082cases. Out of the total number, 2,965 have been discharged from the hospital; 60 are being hospitalised. The death toll is at 57. The newly confirmed case is a Thai lady arriving from Russia and has been in state quarantine since. According to CCSA, today marks the seventh consecutive days when there is no single local transmission in Thailand.
The CCSA spokesperson said we still cannot be at ease since it must be 14-21 days straight without any local transmission.
Today is the beginning of the 3rd phase COVID-related restriction with lesser curfew hours, longer operating hours for stores and more businesses to be re-opened.
Media picked up a part of the interview by the Dean of Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, pointing out the possibility of the 2nd wave transmission after the ease of lockdown is imminent. The faculty later pointed out that the media report is misinformation.
Thai media reported quoting Yomiuri (a Japanese news agency), reporting on the Japanese government's plan to re-opening its border to welcome tourists from Thailand, Vietnam, Australia and New Zealand which have low numbers of COVID-19 infections.
The Parliament voted to pass 3 executive decrees backing the borrowing of 1.97 trillion baht to finance economic support packages to ease the COVID-19 effects.
The Opposition was joined by the second and third largest coalition Bhumjaithai and Democrat party to set up a committee to scrutinise the spending of the bill.
Yesterday, media reports on factions in the main ruling Palang Pracharat Party (PPRP) where there were meetings held at the exact same time by each faction leaders to do head-count of MPs in the upcoming bid of the leadership change.
The 3 factions of Saam Mitr Group, Government chief whip Wirat Rattanaset's group and Bangkok faction led by Education Minister Nataphol rallied to support Deputy PM Prawit to replace the current leadership.
Finance Minister and Party leader Uttama and Energy Minister Sontirat Sontijirawong, as the PPRP's secretary-general, also called a meeting of MPs to secure the support of MPs at Room 417 in Parliament complex while Deputy Agriculture and Cooperative Minister Thammanat is reported to convene a meeting of
nearly 30 MPs in the next room.
Vocal MP Sira said the reports of Mr Uttama and Mr Thammanat factions being able to rally 60 MPs might be false. He heard that the group had only 26 MPs. The rest of the MPs might be 'battered' (enlarged) by flour from Australia (an attack against Mr Thammanat and his involvement with smuggling 'flour' into Australia).
Breaking: Media reports that Mr Somsak, one of the main member of the Saam Mitr Group said, there is going to be a 'big news' this afternoon. Media expected that half of the PPRP executives will resign rendering the current leadership under Uttama and Sontirat to be out of position. The party assembly will be convened and the new leadership will be nominated, prior to the cabinet reshuffle later this month.
Army chief General Apirat Kongsompong is reported to order a committee to be set up to look into alleged corruption in solders' allowances at the army's Ordnance Department after Sergeant Narongchai Intarakawee came out to blow the whistle on the issue. Earlier, the situation was turned upside down, when the supervisor of the Sergeant was filmed threatening him to behave according to the Army's 'code of conduct, unless he did not want to proceed in this career. Gen Apirat also has threatened to impose severe penalties on Sgt Narongchai as he said the latter had deserted the military for more than 16 days. Sgt Narongchai could be charged with absence without leave and face a jail term of up to 7 years if found guilty.
According to the Bank of Thailand, Thailand's key economic data contracted to record-low levels in April. The only factor supporting the economy was public expenditure, evidenced by an expansion of 28.9 percent in April YoY.
There are no foreign arrivals in April and May due to the inbound travel ban. From January to April, international arrivals declined 52.2 percent YoY, totalling 6.69 million.
From January to April, Thailand still reports a current account surplus of USD8.9 billion. April's merchandise export value saw a contraction of 3.3 percent YoY, and by 15.9 percent if gold is excluded. Exports of automotive and parts in April plunged by 49 percent to a record low. Import value dropped 17 percent in April YoY, resulting in a current account deficit of USD700,.
Private consumption dipped 15.1 percent YoY to a record low, as did consumer confidence and business sentiment. The number of firms registered for temporary business suspension under Section 75 soared to 2,406 in April from 445 in March, while that of employees under the section surged to 465,218 from 96,264. Source: https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/1926560/quarterly-figures-hit-record-trough
The automotive sector and related supply chain demand urgent assistance from the government, otherwise it may collapse,. Excise Department had earlier rejected the Federation of Thai Industries's (FTI) proposal for the government to slash excise tax for cars by 50 percent. Excise tax on cars contributes 100 billion Baht annually to state revenue. FTI's other proposals are: a car-trade-in scheme for 100,000 Baht paid by the state and a delay in Euro 5 emission standard enforcement.
In the worst-case scenario, FTI projects that the 2020 car production could plunge to 1 million with 50:50 percent ratio allocation for domestic and export. Consequently, car sales in 2020 could amount to only 5 million, a 50-percent drop YoY. This is in line with Nissan's projection that car production will stand at 6 -6.1 million, the lowest in ten years. The impacts will be more severe on eco-cars than pick-up cars. Nissan has resumed its plant 1 in Samut Prakarn, but the second plant remains shut until further assessment based on the easing of the lockdown.
From January to April, FTI revealed that Thailand had a total auto capacity of 478,393 units, a 32.8 percent YoY decrease. The number of car sold was 230,173, a 34.2 percent decline YoY. In April, car production slid 83.6 percent YoY and 83.2% from March to 24,711 units. Source: https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/1927372/fti-sounds-alarm-on-auto-industry https://www.thansettakij.com/content/motor/436085
Thailand's car part export is anticipated to contract by 10 percent in 2020 as the country is an original equipment manufacturer for many global brands. In Q1 of this year, Thailand's car part export saw a 1 percent increase YoY, totalling 5.4 billion USD. In April and Q2, export figure is expected to see negative growth but will improve starting from Q3. However, Thailand's car part export still faces non-tariff barriers from the new NAFTA (USMCA), which requires cars to use 75 percent local content to be eligible for tax exemption. Source: https://www.thansettakij.com/content/Macro_econ/436093
CPTPP will be considered by the parliament at its next meeting. New Palangdharma Party believes that the members of parliament will agree with the establishment of a committee to deliberate Thailand's accession to CPTPP as it relates to the interest of the nation. Source: https://www.bangkokbiznews.com/news/detail/883071
Airbnb expects the market for longer-term stays to expand as people become accustomed to working remotely. The pandemic will trigger tourists to travel by car within a few hours' drive from home province, wherein domestic travel will lead Thailand's recovery. Short-term rentals will become an essential part of Thailand's tourism mix and a valuable driver of economic growth. Airbnb contributed to over 40 billion Baht to Thailand in 2019, a 17 percent increase YoY, with an average daily guest spend of 3,291 baht. Source: https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/1927384/outbreak-spurs-longer-stays
Finance Ministry said the government can borrow an additional 100 billion Baht to offset a budget deficit if state revenue collection for fiscal 2021 misses its target due to the pandemic and drought. The fiscal 2021 budget deficit will widen to 730 billion Baht if the additional borrowing is sought. The 2021 budget has set targets for expenditure at 3.3 trillion Baht and revenue at 2.67 billion baht, leaving a deficit of 630 billion Baht. Source: https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/1927404/budget-bureau-gives-nod-to-further-b100bn-in-borrowing
Incentives from the Finance Ministry may be added to the Board of Investment's privileges for investment in bio-economic corridors, especially in the farm sector. BOI in February approved in principle the promotion of Thailand as a bio-economy hub as part of the S-curve industries, which will also increase local income household and reduce income inequality Source: https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/1927376/finance-ministry-seeks-ways-to-boost-bio-economy
ASEAN/World
Thai media reports on the unrest in many states in the US after the deadly arrest of an African American Mr George Floyd. The protest under the message 'I can't breathe' has been spilled over to other cities in Europe.–All media outlet
Last Friday, FCCT launched a talk on 'Milk Tea Alliance: Diplomacy in the Social Media Age', discussing the phenomena when the Thai, Hong Kong and Taiwanese netizens, forming a 'milk tea alliance', were involved in the online spats with Chinese mainland netizens. The panel discussed the limitation of mainland 'soft power' in winning favour over Thai younger generations.—Matichon
The Australian Embassy Bangkok

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This is the second episode of a series about Digital publishing with Adobe InDesign CC. In this part, we all the different types of interactive documents you can create using Adobe InDesign CC cover. Let's take a close look at the files, Interactive Pdf forms, PDF, SWF presentations, EPUB ebooks and DPS apps and compare their advantages and disadvantages. Let's start!
Nice tutorial, very useful stuff.
Thank you for informative video.
Thank you! very informative. Lots of useful information.
The interactive PDF can be read in other programs other than ACROBAT?
can a cart be created where you click on a product and it goes to a cart?
Didn't actually show HOW to do create, for example, an interactive TOC. He just went through an InDesign interactive document he already created and showed how his works.
I made ebook which has a lots of texts but not much images.
The book originally uses MS word so I convert it to PDF and place it to Indesign.
do you know how to protect text quality ?
Will it work on Android…..
Great video! I am busy with a long form product catalog. This is exactly what I was looking for. Is it possible to make a interactive .pdf (for desktop use), a SWF format (to embed on our webpage), and a printable PDF all for the same document?
Thanks a lot for good video!
Thanks, it was really useful. I've already seen the Buttons and Animations Tuts' videos, however, it would be great if you show us the other ways we can create the Digital Publishing you mentioned.
Nagyon rendbe volt. Szépen, tisztán beszélsz. Csak így tovább. Nem néztem meg az egészet csak egyes szegmenseket de soha ne feledkezz meg a Pc-t használókról. Ők nem készíthetnek semmit az Apple app store-ba amíg nem vesznek egy Mac-t is.
how do you get this ipad Emulator that you are using in that Video? Is it from Adobe?


California rock band RapScallions just released the new single "Can You Feel It". The song has been licensed to The LA Kings and Colorado Avalanche for use in their games this NHL season. In addition, "Can You Feel It" will also be played at the Denver Broncos games for their upcoming NFL season. The band gained attention with their first single "California Brain" which was featured on the Ubisoft video game "Rocksmith" for Xbox, Playstation 3, and PC. The game has gone on to sell over 1.4 million copies worldwide.


text:
John of Austria may refer to:

People
 John of Austria (1547–1578), Spanish military leader, illegitimate son of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
 John Joseph of Austria (1629–1679), Spanish general and political figure, illegitimate son of Philip IV of Spain
 Archduke John of Austria (1782–1859), thirteenth child of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor
 Vimaladharmasuriya I of Kandy (reigned 1592–1604), baptized by the Portuguese as Don João da Austria

Other
 Don John of Austria (opera), by Isaac Nathan (1791–1864)
 John of Austria (Messina), a monument in Messina, Sicily

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
MOBILEE RECORDS LABEL
mobilee records launched in 2005 and quickly established itself as one of the brightest new stars within Berlin's glittering galaxy of electronic music labels, producers and DJs. Founded and owned by Anja Schneider and Ralf Kollmann, the label boasts a sound that is simultaneously familiar and innovative. Rooted in the classic structures of house and techno, mobilee has harnessed the triple threat approach: its records reference vintage dancefloor minimalism, engage with like-minded contemporaries, and suggest surprising new directions for familiar forms.
mobilee celebrated its fifth year in 2010, and marked the milestone with a tour that crossed all six continents. The anniversary not only highlighted five successful years of the label, but served as a testament to the vision, passion, and love of music that continues to drive the extended mobilee team in all that they do, and all that will come.
With a focus on label showcases, such as the annual drawcard event at Barcelona's Hotel Silken Diagonal during Sonar, mobilee is committed to developing its roster—the core of whom are booked and managed by the label itself. The famed Sonar rooftop parties that have featured all-star casts of mobilee artists and friends are just one example of the unique, forward-thinking philosophy of mobilee, and its attendant expansion as a music and entertainment enterprise.
In addition to Anja Schneider, mobilee's core artists include Sebo K, Pan-Pot, Rodriguez Jr., And.Id, Ralf Kollmann, Miss Jools, Dan Curtin, Marcin Czubala, Martin Landsky, Ray Okpara, Christian Smith, Slam and their extensive release catalogue includes productions from artists such as Daniel Stefanik, Maya Jane Coles, Re.You, Safeword, Miss Kittin, Vincenzo and many more.
http://www.mobilee-records.de/releases
https://www.facebook.com/mobilee/info?tab=page_info


text:
Q: What genuine references are there in Voltaire's "U.S.S. Make Shit Up" song? Since Voltaire claims the quotes were mostly based on fan input and his own recollection of the series, I was wondering if it would be possible to get all the episodes together that contain the scenes that the song is based on.
This is the version from the album BiTrektual:

Well, I was stranded on a planet, just me and Spock
  We met a nasty Nazi alien, he locked our asses up
  We found a hunk of crystal and a metal piece of bed
  We made a laser phaser gun and shot him in the head!

I think I remember a episode where Kirk and Spock build a phaser gun from scraps, but I have no clue which episode it could be.

Well, I was standing on the bridge when Sulu came to me
  His eyes were full of tears, he said, "Captain, can't you see?
  The ship is gonna blow, do something, I beseech!"
  I grabbed a tribble and some chewing gum and stopped the warp core breach

Absolutely, no or?

And I said, Bounce a graviton particle beam off the main deflector dish
  That's the way we do things...

Any idea anyone?

And if you're at a party on the starship Enterprise
  And the karaoke player just plain old up and dies
  Set up a neutrino field inside a can of peas
  Hold on to Geordi's visor and sing into Data's knees

No, for sure I have never seen this! I would remember that! Is any of that based on any "real" Star Trek stuff?

Sisko's on a mission to go no bloody place
  He loiters on a space station above Bajoran space
  The wormhole opened up and now they come from near and far
  We'll keep the booze but please send back the f—ing Jem'Hadar

That's DS9 ok, but is there anything else to grab in there?

And what is with the Klingons? Remember, in the day
  They looked like Puerto Ricans and they dressed in gold lamé
  Now they look like heavy metal rockers from the dead
  With leather pants and frizzy hair and lobsters on their heads

Ok, I get that.

Well, I was stuck on Voyager, pounding on the door
  When suddenly it dawned on me I've seen this show before
  Perhaps I'm in a warp bubble slightly out of phase
  'Cause it was way back in the sixties when they called it "Lost in Space"

Loved that series as well!

We were looking for a way to make the ratings soar
  So we orchestrated an encounter with the Borg
  Normally you'd think that that would get us into shit
  But this one has a smashing ass and a lovely set of tits

Ok, that is Season 4 Voyager when 7 of 9 gets introduced.

Well then they got a new show and it's called Enterprise
  And it takes place a hundred years before Kirk was alive
  They say that it's a prequel or so that's what it's called
  It's such a bad idea you'd swear that Lucas was involved

Lucas? What did I miss? George Lucas?

They have a Vulcan female but she's a nervous wreck
  Her ass is sweet as Seven's only green so what the heck
  They're in the past but Klingons have those lobsters on their heads
  I'm more confused than Wesley Crusher nude in Tasha's bed

Wesley Crusher nude in Tasha's bed??? Ok, I must have missed or suppressed that completely!

Well it would seem a big wig up at Paramount
  Must have felt the franchise was stale by all accounts
  Cause he hired J. J. Abrams to give the thing a shove
  I feared that he would mock and mangle everything I love
  Well I went to the movie and there much to my shock
  There were hunky models playing Kirk and Spock
  Vulcan's been destroyed and the timeline has been crushed
  So someone tell me why I love this film so fucking much

Ok, this one is easy, there are not that many movies...

What does God need with a starship?

?
Thanks for helping out! The song is on YouTube if that helps...

A: The party on the Starship Enterprise sounds a lot like the TNG episode "The Next Phase" where Ro and Geordi are presumed dead but are really just out of phase with the rest of the crew (and therefore invisible to them) after mucking around with some cloaking technology. The Enterprise crew decides to throw a party-style funeral for their "fallen" shipmates. However, Geordi and Ro attend the party while still invisible, and they find a way to make their presence known by creating an energy field that Data eventually notices. When they come back to reality, they're huddled on the ground together, Ro grabbing hold of Geordi, and Data standing over them.

A: "What does God need with a starship?" is from Star Trek V: The Final Frontier
"They have a Vulcan female But she's a nervous wreck" - Likely a reference to T'Pol who suffered mental illness as a result of exposure to trellium
"Klingons have those lobsters on their heads I'm more confused than Wesley Crusher nude in Tasha's bed" - Wesley never slept with Tasha. I think this is a reference to the fact that Trek : Enterprise Klingons had ridged foreheads whereas those in TOS did not
"It's such a bad idea you'd swear that Lucas was involved" - This one is a bit harsh, but Enterprise is the only recent Trek show to be prematurely cancelled. "Lucas" is indeed George Lucas, who made prequels to his Star Wars trilogy which were widely derided.
"Perhaps I'm in a warp bubble slightly out of phase" - I think they've gotten confused with TNG: Remember Me where Dr Crusher gets stuck in a Static Warp Bubble
"The wormhole opened up and now they come from near and far, We'll keep the booze" - This is a reference to DS9: Rules of Acquisition where the Ferengi attempt to buy wine from the Dosi, a client species of the Dominion.
"Bounce a graviton particle beam off the main deflector dish" - This happened several times in both Voyager (to open a path to fluidic space) and TNG (as a weapon against the borg)
"Just me and Spock We met a nasty Nazi alien / We made a laser phaser gun " - A reference to TOS : Patterns of Force, an episode where the Enterprise crew encounter nazi space aliens

A:
We found a hunk of crystal and a metal piece of bed
  We made a laser phaser gun and shot him in the head!

This is actually a direct reference to the episode "The City on the Edge of Forever" from Star Trek: The Original Series.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Carbon , 14 C , or radiocarbon , is a radioactive isotope of carbon with an atomic nucleus containing 6 protons and 8 neutrons. Its presence in organic materials is the basis of the radiocarbon dating method pioneered by Willard Libby and colleagues to date archaeological, geological and hydrogeological samples.
After a while, there just isnt enough C14 left to make foraccurate dating. Radioactive dating is an absolute dating system because you can determine accurate ages from the.. Only hydrogen3 tritium , however, is a radioactive isotope, the other two being stable.
Candles in the background.are you performing a satanic feminist ritual?


The rest is history. I breathlessly figured out logistics to escape my clients and family life, and then shopped desperately for New York worthy outfits.
He said yes, Whew! And, no, for the record, I've never bared my toes in 35 degree temperature before. This was an "EMERGENCY"! Photo Elza B. Design.
A glamorous little nest for sure. Photo Elza B. Design.
Brian Nobbe, Brizo Marketing Director with fellow bloggers Todd Vendituoli and Marilyn Russell. Photo Elza B. Design.
From left to right: Fellow designers and bloggers Marilyn Russell, Yvonne Blacker, Adele Young and the one and only, Judd Lord, director of Industrial Design for Brizo. Photo Elza B. Design.
The lovely Laura Brooks, Senior Brand Manager for Brizo. Photo courtesy Jayme Thornton.
Designers and bloggers hard at work. Obviously good students, seeing from the level of participation! Photo courtesy Jayme Thornton.
Sorry for the fuzzy photo, Amy. You were extremely charming and bubbly. Note to self: take photos with a regular camera once in a while. I-Phone not always optimum.
Did you know the Hearst tower is not not only the heart of numerous famous magazines, it also hosts the Good Housekeeping Institute Office!
Famous Good Housekeeping Seal of Approval is delivered here, in the heart of New York city! Photo Elza B. Design.
The tower offers an ideally sound proofed auditorium, its own Cafe, an art gallery space, a sculpted water fountain, and a 70 feet high fresco hand painted by artist Richard Long with mud and water.
Fabulous architecture inside the building. Photo Elza B. Design.
But what I found most fascinating about the tower's recent addition is its exemplary environmentally conscious and breathtaking diagonal grid construction. Designed by British architect Norman Foster, it features among many things: the fastest elevators of New York, high efficient glass construction, rain water collection and recycling, and it is made of 90% recycled steel. Click here to view a video and learn more.
My fabulous teammates, Brian Nobbe and Judd Lord of Brizo and designer and cooking buddy Susan Jamieson. Photo credit Jayme Thornton for Brizo.
The art of folding pasta…Photo courtesy Jayme Thornton.
My teammates and I made this pasta!!! I love this photo. It makes me happy! Photo Elza B. Design.
Above and directly below, photos courtesy Jayme Thornton for Brizo. One of our delicious creations, fresh tomato pappardelle with ground beef and scallions. Photo Elza B. Design.
Landing at Boston Logan Airport with Yvonne Blacker, we had to come back to reality! Hello, Nemo! Goodbye fairytale!
This entry was posted in Bathroom, Bloggers, Brizo, Design, faucet, Food, New York, Uncategorized and tagged Bloggers, Brizo, Elle Decor, faucets, Hearst Tower, Jason Wu, Jayme Thornton, New York, Norman Foster, Richard Long, Sur la Table by elzabdesign. Bookmark the permalink.
Elegant and classy architecture! Thank you so much for sharing the inspiring photos with us!
Thanks so much for visiting! Glad you enjoyed!
So much fun, but I know there is more to come! Glad we got the extended stay version of the Brizo fashion week experience!! We need to get together soon – miss you!
I miss you too!!!!So much fun! Thanks for stopping by!
Thanks, Marilyn!!! Happy times!!!! Thanks for visiting!
Hi! I simply wish to offer you a huge thumbs up for your excellent info you have here on this post.
truly loved browsing your weblog posts. After all I'll be subscribing in your rss feed and I'm hoping you write once more soon!


David George is currently in Haiti helping in the aftermath of the hurricane. Use the links below to follow the ministry on Facebook and donate to help the people in Haiti.
We feel charged with the responsibility to search the world for places to bring relief, resources and FAITH allowing people to not only survive but THRIVE in the name of Jesus!
Get updates from David George World Ministries.
Learn more about what we're doing in these countries and how you can be a part of changing the world!


text:
History of the Project
ENselected
Searchterm
Themes A-Z
Mont Terri Project
Rock laboratory
Current information about the experiments in the Mont Terri rock laboratory
The key question is: can radioactive waste be stored safely in Opalinus Clay? The Mont Terri rock laboratory is engaged solely in research. No deep geological disposal will be built at Mont Terri.
Useful links and important partners for the project
What is the purpose of a rock laboratory? Why is research being carried out here into the Opalinus Clay? Who is taking part in the research? What are the research objectives?
Core Messages
22 partners from Europe, Japan, Canada, United Kingdom, the USA and Switzerland are carrying out research at the Mont Terri rock laboratory.
Mont Terri Project current page
Organisation of the Mont Terri Project
The Mont Terri Project is an international research project for the hydrogeological, geochemical and geotechnical characterisation of a clay formation (Opalinus Clay).
We give here the history of the project from the mid-1990s onwards with a summary of the milestones.
As the representative of the federal government, swisstopo concluded contracts with the project partners and with the Canton of Jura, providing a legal basis for the activities.
The federal government represented by swisstopo funds the operation of the rock laboratory (no third party is involved). The participating partners fund the research programme.
Where is the rock laboratory located?
The Mont Terri rock laboratory is situated to the north of St-Ursanne in the canton of Jura, around 300 m underground. It is accessed via the safety gallery of the Mont Terri motorway tunnel.
The rock laboratory comprises 1200 m of galleries and niches. The horse-shoe shaped galleries are 4 to 5 m high and well-lit.
Operation of the rock laboratory
swisstopo (which includes Swiss Geological Survey) is responsible for the independent, smooth, and safe operation of the rock laboratory. The site belongs to the canton of Jura.
Stratigraphy and facies
The rock laboratory is situated in the Opalinus Clay rock formation, a marly argillaceous claystone with different proportions of sand and carbonates.
3D geological model
This short movie presents the new geological 3D-model of the Mont Terri area. Data from the lab (boreholes, mappings) are combined with regional geological data (maps, cross-sections, etc.).
Geological structures
The main tectonic element in the investigation area is the Mont Terri anticline. It is the northernmost anticline of the folded Jura.
Properties and characteristic values
Opalinus Clay exhibits properties conducive to the deep geological storage of radioactive waste. The advantages clearly outweigh any disadvantages.
Development of methods
One group of experiments comprises the development of new research and measurement methods, particularly adapted to the Opalinus Clay.
The most important experiments
Since 1996, experiments have been carried out in the Mont Terri rock laboratory. The expansion of the laboratory in 2018/2019 allows us to carry out new experiments.
Characterisation of Opalinus Clay
Opalinus Clay is being investigated as a potential host rock for the storage of nuclear waste due to its specific characteristics.
Experiment portfolio
The Mont Terri rock laboratory is a generic laboratory. It is exclusively dedicated to research and will never be used as a storage site for radioactive waste.
Demonstration experiments
Demonstration experiments show the feasibility for a future deep geological repository for radioactive waste and the thermal-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) response of Opalinus Clay.
During the visits to the Mont Terri rock laboratory similar questions are often asked to the guides. Below the five most frequent questions are answered briefly.
Scientific publications in technical journals
Scientific publications in specialist journals
Coverage in the press, on the radio and on TV
Publications from swisstopo
Scientific reports on tests at the Mont Terri laboratory
Welcome to the visitor centre
Sign up to find out about the current status of research in our rock laboratory. We welcome groups of 10 or more visitors, from Monday to Saturday.
Visitors feedback and photos
Feedback from visitors about our rock laboratory and guided tours. Obtain a first impression and view our photo gallery.
Here you can register quickly and conveniently. We look forward to welcoming you!
Other services of the visitor centre and activities
Use our visitor's centre for a meeting or an aperitif. Combine your visit to the rock laboratory with a visit to another attraction in the beautiful Jura Region.
The location of our visitor centre is indicated on the map below, ideally situated 2 minutes away from St-Ursanne train station.
Back to overview Back Homepage
History of the Project active
Cutting-through of Gallery 18, May 27, 2019
S. Trenkle (project leader Rothpletz&Lienhard AG) welcoming the guests
Guests for the breakthrough
Minister D. Eray and Director P. Bossart waiting for the breakthrough
It's coming!
The first opening and the road header behind
It's done!
The first of the miners bringing St. Barbara through the open tunnel
The first miner to pass the new tunnel bringing St. Barbara to the Minister D. Eray
Welcoming speech by the minister
Minister D. Eray (Jura) underlining the importance of the rock lab for the region and the canton of Jura
F. Wicki, Director of swisstopo, with warm words to everyone involved for a successful construction of Gallery 18
The Director of the Mont Terri Project P. Bossart thanking everyone for their successful work
The team of Rothpletz&Lienhard AG
After a successful breakthrough together with St. Barbara
This is my tunnel!
A happy miner after the successful breakthrough
Finally a far view!
Viewing the newly built gallery 18 from the existing lab
Back Forward
Start of excavation for Gallery 2018 on March 12
Responsibles from Confederation, Canton Jura and Underground Rock Laboratory (URL) during the start of the extension work
The expansion of the Mont Terri rock laboratory in St-Ursanne has officially started. In just under two years, the research facility will have an additional 600 metres of tunnels and niches for experiments.
Start of excavation for Gallery 2018
Milestones from 1996 to the present
2016: Twentieth anniversary of the Mont Terri Project. February 10 + 11, 2016: Technical Meeting in Porrentruy attended by 150 people, with a review of the past 20 years. On May 19, 2016, the Federal Councillor Guy Parmelin addresses 100 invited guests. In his talk he underscores the importance of the rock laboratory for research on the deep geological deposition of radioactive waste. The Mont Terri Project Partners present a new research programme and a plan to expand the rock laboratory after 2018. May 21 + 22: conclusion of the anniversary celebrations with some 300 visitors from the surrounding region attending open house days.
Elaboration of the project for the rock laboratory extension, construction application to RCJU, who grants permission for the extension of the rock laboratory by end of 2016.
2017: Public submission of laboratory extension project, 5 offers received, acceptance of best bid by end of 2017.
2018: Start of excavation Gallery 2018 by March 12, expected to be completed by September 2019. Three new Partners join the Mont Terri Project. These are: the German Helmholtz association, the French TOTAL and the Britisch RWM (Radioactive Waste Management organisation). At present, 19 Partners from 9 countries are in the project.
Between 1996 and 2018, a total of 159 experiments were initiated, of which 106 have been completed and 53 are still in progress. To date, Project partners have invested 84.3 million Swiss francs.
2019: On 27 May the breakthrough takes place in the Gallery 2018. Compared to the original planning we have a 2-month delay. The mine-by test in the sandy facies results in excellent hydraulic and mechanical data.
On 1 July 2019, 2 new partners join the Mont Terri research project. These are ETH Zurich (Earth Sciences, Swiss Seismological Service, EAWAG and PSI) and the German BfE (Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management). The German BfE can be compared with the Swiss ENSI. Thus, 21 partners are represented in the research project.
2020: The year is influenced by the Corona pandemic from March. The laboratory and the visitor centre are closed for two months in spring. Afterwards, work can continue in the laboratory under safety precautions, but the visitor centre can only be operated on a limited basis during the summer months, and must be closed again from end of September for the rest of the year.
On 1 July the German BGE (Bundesgesellschaft für Endlagerung) has become the 22nd partner of the Mont Terri Project. BGE is the equivalent of Nagra in Switzerland.
2021: On 1 January, long-time project manager Christophe Nussbaum was appointed Director of the Mont Terri Project. Paul Bossart had been head of the rock Laboratory since 2005 and dedicated his career almost exclusively to the Mont Terri Project. After a full working life, he has now taken a well-deserved retirement. The position of project manager was taken over by David Jaeggi at the beginning of the year.
Construction of the information pavilion of the Mont Terri visitors centre. September 5: attended by Federal Councillor Ueli Maurer.
By summer 2011, the Partners had invested some CHF 60 million, of which around one third was contributed by Swiss Partners. Since 2000, the EU has supported selected experiments with ca. CHF 10 million. Twenty percent of the total investment remains in the Canton of Jura.
US Department of Energy (Office of Nuclear Energy) becomes a new Mont Terri Project Partner.
We are pleased to announce an increase in the numbers of visitors: more than 4,000 people visit the rock laboratory each year.
After ca. 4 years of preparation and installation, the full-scale emplacement experiment is ready for operation. First heater element put into operation in December. Experiment scheduled to last 15 years, but may be prolonged if required and depending on results.
FANC, the Belgian Federal Agency for Nuclear Control, signs up as sixteenth Mont Terri Project Partner.
swisstopo (the Federal Office of Topography) takes over management of the project and is now the operator of the laboratory. Partners are reassured that long-term experiments can be carried out.
In spring 2006 the 10th anniversary of the Mont Terri Project is celebrated with a scientific conference in St-Ursanne and a formal ceremony in the chalk factory. This was followed by a visit to the rock laboratory and an open house day.
The Mont Terri partners decide on a major expansion of the rock laboratory with a new research gallery (08) and wider niches with a total length of around 300 m. Tunnel construction is to be funded by Partners ANDRA, BGR, CRIEPI, GRS, HSK (today ENSI), NAGRA and swisstopo.
Building permission sought and approval received; building of a the new research gallery and niches. During construction, experiments are carried out to investigate properties of the rock mass and any changes due to excavation.
NWMO and CHEVRON become new Mont Terri Partners.
Swiss partners ENSI, NAGRA, and swisstopo found a consortium, the "Mont Terri visitors centre". with the goal of informing up to 5,000 people a year about the research activities at the Mont Terri rock laboratory and the results affecting the choice of location for the deep geological storage of radioactive waste in Switzerland. In August 2010, the foundations are laid for an information pavilion.
The Federal Office for Water and Geology takes over the Swiss National Hydrological and Geological Survey and, in agreement with the Canton of Jura (Convention 01), management of the Mont Terri Project.
Plans for a long-term research programme and the necessary expansion of the rock laboratory with a new gallery and wider niches. Agreement on the programme; building permissions sought and approved. HSK joins the Project.
Excavation of research gallery 04.
Start of the long-term research programme with several major experiments.
Marc Thury, founder of the Mont Terri Project, hands over the role of Director to Paul Bossart, who has led the Project as project manager from the beginning.
Start of the Mont Terri Project with the 5 Partners ANDRA, PNC, NAGRA, SCK.CEN and the Swiss National Hydrological and Geological Survey, which takes on patronage of the project. Eight niches built. Start of the drilling and investigation programme with 13 experiments. Collaboration agreement signed. Marc Thury chosen as president. Paul Bossart nominated as project manager.
Three new Project Partners: BGR, ENRESA, IRSN. Research gallery 98 built, along with several niches.
Formal inauguration of the Mont Terri rock laboratory. Start of an extensive research programme.
Over 40 experiments carried out. GRS and OBAYASHI join as Project Partners. The EU starts financially supporting individual experiments.
In the course of building an exploratory tunnel for the Mont Terri motorway tunnel, the Swiss National Hydrological and Geological Survey and NAGRA carry out detailed geological and hydrogeological tunnel examinations in the Opalinus Clay. The Opalinus Clay appears to have interesting possibilities as a host rock for the storage of radioactive waste.
Marc Thury, head geologist at NAGRA, decides to set up an international research project at Mont Terri. His vision is for a project in which organisations will participate as partners and carry out experiments entirely according to their own requirements and wishes. The project must be organised democratically so that all partners can introduce their own requests. In order for it to be fully accepted by the public, there must be full transparency of information about the programme and its results and it should come under the patronage of a federal organisation. He submits a research proposal to Charles Emmenegger, the Director of the Swiss National Hydrological and Geological Survey, who then submits an exploration request to the local authority, the Canton of Jura.
Following the approval of the exploration application by Minister Pierre Kohler and André Voutat, cantonal engineer, a research programme is developed and presented to the OECD/NEA international working group the "Clay Club". Interest is considerable and a collaboration agreement is drawn up.
25th anniversary commemorative publication
PDF, 66 Pages, 13 MB, English
First Mont Terri document
PDF, 1 Pages, 436 KB, English
More detailed history
Publications in technical journals
Feedback and photos
Other services and activities


text:
Plant a Tree for Dennis
Dennis Ray McDonald
July 5, 1955 ~ January 1, 2022 (age 66)
Dennis Ray McDonald, 66 of Caledonia, passed away on January 01, 2022 at at Baptist Medical Center in Columbus. He was born July 05, 1955 in Sioux City, IA, the only child to David Carson and Esther (Lindemann) McDonald. Dennis grew up in several places, including Iowa, Nebraska, Nevada and more. He enjoyed riding motorcycles and has owned one from his teenage years. Dennis graduated high school in Reno, Nevada and joined the US Marine Corps. He served honorably for six years, stationed in San Diego, CA most of that time. After his discharge, Dennis became a commercial driver, hauling freight across the country for many years. He is remembered as a man who thoroughly liked to have fun. He had a large sense of humor and loved to pick and prank you, just to laugh. Dennis loved music, especially that of the era he grew up in. Among his favorite groups were Pink Floyd, the Eagles and many more. He will be forever remembered and sadly missed by all whose life he touched. He was preceded by his parents, David and Esther McDonald. Left to cherish his memories are: his only daughter, Renee (Landell) Norris of Magnolia, MS; his former wife Cheryl Neeley of Park Hill, MO, and his girlfriend, Deborah Kornegay of Caledonia, MS, with his beloved puppy Candy. Dennis leaves a legacy of four grandchildren: Charles and Jacquie Gray, both of San Antonio, TX, Jonah and Ian Norris, both of Magnolia; with three great-grands: Jason, P.J., and Trey Gray, also of San Antonio, TX, along with several extended family and more friends than one could count across the country. His final wishes were to be cremated, which his family is honoring. A memorial service is being planned for some time in July 2022. Trinity Funeral Services is honored to serve the McDonald family in their time of need and asks everyone to keep them in your thoughts and prayers over the coming days.
To send flowers to the family or plant a tree in memory of Dennis Ray McDonald, please visit our floral store.
You can still show your support by sending flowers directly to the family, or by planting a memorial tree in the memory of Dennis Ray McDonald


text:
"World Fashion Musical's project conceived and created by Christine Joan (curriculum) of the JMP Jamit Music Production comes to life and develops with the aim to enhance and support the creative idea of the fashion designers and their own collection.
What is most remarkable and dazzling in the "fashion musical" dedicated to fashion and to the essence of the mannequins is that it will come out just twice in the year, coincident with the time of the high fashion shows, following the various presentation lay overs: from Milan to Paris, then London, Tokyo and New York.
The event might then continue its supporting performances even during other periods in the year with shows connected to the display of the same collection or other collections, decided by the fashion designer.
For further information info@jamitmusic.com
The 1st Edition of the World Fashion Musical entitled "Finally the Soul" conceived and produced by Christine Joan Johnson was taken place on July 19th in Rimini at 9.00 p.m. at the Novelli Theatre within the XXV Edition of the Cartoon Club Festival.
Cartoon Club Festival offered to the show the presence of two illustrators/cartoonists that set-up a multimedial scenography in video-projection.
The show was also advertised and promoted on all Cartoon Club's promotional material and by our press-agency.
Home page Presentation Finally... The Soul News Cast Video Gallery Where & When Sponsor Contact Versione Italiana


text:
Q: app.use() requires a middleware function in express-edge I'm creating blog using node js and following this tutorial https://vegibit.com/node-js-blog-tutorial/ but now I stuck it gives me error on app.use('express-edge') here is my code

const path = require('path');
const expressEdge = require('express-edge');
const express = require('express');
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const bodyParser = require('body-parser');

const app = new express();

mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/node-blog', {
        useNewUrlParser: true
    })
    .then(() => 'You are now connected to Mongo!')
    .catch(err => console.error('Something went wrong', err))

app.use(express.static('public'));
app.use(expressEdge);
app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');
app.use(bodyParser.json())
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({
    extended: true
}));

app.get('/', (req, res) => {
    res.render('index');
});

app.get('/posts/new', (req, res) => {
    res.render('create')
});

app.post('/posts/store', (req, res) => {
    console.log(req.body)
    res.redirect('/')
});

app.listen(4000, () => {
    console.log('App listening on port 4000')
});

and my error looks like
[nodemon] starting node index.js
C:\Users\91762\Desktop\Blog\node_modules\express\lib\application.js:210
    throw new TypeError('app.use() requires a middleware function')
    ^
TypeError: app.use() requires a middleware function
    at Function.use (C:\Users\91762\Desktop\Blog\node_modules\express\lib\application.js:210:11)
    at Object. (C:\Users\91762\Desktop\Blog\index.js:16:5)
    at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:945:30)
    at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:962:10)
    at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:798:32)
    at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:711:12)
    at Function.Module.runMain (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:1014:10)
    at internal/main/run_main_module.js:17:11
[nodemon] app crashed - waiting for file changes before starting...

A: Use it like a handler is the best choice.
app.use(expressEdge.engine);

A: Maybe the tutorial is out of date, newest version of express-edge does not export edge engine as default export, the package exports a object what includes config, engine.
You can follow package document if your node version support object destructuring.
...
const { engine } = require('express-edge');
...
app.use(engine);
...

Or, just change a little in your code:
app.use(expressEdge.engine); // instead of app.use(expressEdge);


text:
Reformation turning secular: How Social democracy and a strong Lutheran state church made Sweden the most secular nation in the world
perew	 feb 25, 2019
In September 2017, Sweden held election in the Lutheran Church of Sweden. The debate before the election was extensive, although to a lesser degree dealing with theological, but rather party-political issues. The number of voters was the highest ever, and the voter turnout in percent rose from 12 to 19, the highest since the 1934. Winners by a landslide were the Social Democrats.[1]
What may be the short-term and long term-reasons behind this in a nation with an internationally and historically very high degree of secularization? In the Inglehart/Welzel map of world values, Sweden stands out as the world's arguably most secular and individualistic nation. At the same time, Sweden is one of the nations in the world where the state has the strongest control over the people. How is this paradox possible? And more specifically: What significance could one of the world's largest Lutheran churches and its relationship with a dominating Social democratic party have had for this peculiar pattern?
Reformation and Protestantism in relation to secularization
The reformation had its obvious centre in Luther's message that truth is found in Scripture, and Scripture alone. It seems astonishing that such a message could change into what can be described as more or less the exact opposite. The Reformation had a main, Bible-based route. But it also provided a possibility to leave this route through small gates, leading to two side-alleys where the increased focus on the personal relationship to God, and the weakened bonds to the Catholic church could give rise to a situation where politicians took control over the church, and where the individual took control over religiosity, leaving both Christ and Bible on the sideline. Coincidentally, both these two have taken place in Sweden, with an early beginning in early 16th Century.
Gustav Vasa, king of the newly independent Sweden, used the Reformation as a pretext to take over the Church and its assets. From then in, the Lutheran Church of Sweden continued to function as a state church up till year 2000. During the centuries, the direct connection to Martin Luther and the reformation became more diffuse. It was not, however, not until the 20th century that the direction started to deflect in a more serious manner, to a large part due to the vision from the Social democratic party to change the church in line with their political ideology. Church historian Daniel Alvunger describes the party's vision for the state church as a secularized Lutherdom. This vision they were able to reach by ridding the Church of some of Luther's ideas, while putting the emphasis on others: "Ideas that derived from Reformed principles, such as Luther's two-kingdom doctrine and the notion of free will, were subsumed into a system of secular ideas and norms", describes Alvunger.[2]
David Thurfjell, Swedish historian of religion, refers to the view of life that many Swedish people have come to adopt as a protestant humanism, a position he explains as a combination of "post-materialism, secular rationalism, relativism and, not least, individualism."[3] He goes on to state that this individualistic ideology during the 1960s came to include very different movements in society: sexual liberation, left-wing pathos, the struggle for women's rights, anti-fascism et cetera, all included under the wider anti-authoritarian movement, "while traditional Christianity was considered as an obvious opponent of this position".[4]
In 1951 the Church of Sweden lost its key connection to the state, when it became legal to leave the state church without entering another denomination. Up till then, being Swedish more or less included membership in the Lutheran church. In 2000, the Church of Sweden was separated from the state, and became a denomination among others. Still, even after this year, however, the Church of Sweden has kept a much stronger connection to the state than other Christian or non-Christian denominations.[5]
Several scholars argue that Protestantism provides key elements in the secularization of the West. Sociologist of religion José Casanova argues that Protestantism is "not only a secularizing force but a form of religious internal secularization, the vehicle through which religious contents would take institutionalized secular form."[6] Adam Seligman suggests that the creation of Protestant churches rests on the idea of the autonomous self, and hereby "underpins the process of secularization through which heteronomous authority is ultimately lost"[7] On the other hand, though, when looking at the actual development around the world, particularly the growth of Evangelical and Pentecostal movements, it becomes obvious that Protestantism itself does not automatically lead to secularization. Some theologically liberal churches may have gone in that direction, but not Protestantism as a whole.
The market model
It seems obvious that other ingredients have to be added to the stew, in order for secularization to take place. In secularization theory, a concept called "the market model" argues that secularization does not happen just as a result of a spontaneous weakening demand of religion. Pippa Norris and Ronald Inglehart describes: "The religious market model disregards the public's 'demand' for religion, which is assumed to be constant, but focuses instead on how conditions of religious freedom, and the work of competing religious institutions, actively generate its 'supply'".[8] The larger discussion about this theoretical model indicate that supply in this sense may be understood as something more than just the number of congregations, or the competition between different denominations. It can also reflect the religious content, what theology or ideology that lies behind it, who provides it, and how this message is conveyed in Church and society.
In this case, Swedish clergy seem to have been more passive than in other nations when it comes to openness to liberal or de facto anti-Christian elements that politicians tried to plant into the church. Rodney Stark Stark and Laurence Iannaccone even state that this process in Sweden was mutual, to the extent that many Swedish priests actually became positive towards such a process: "In fact – many Swedish clergy became strong supporters of state socialism. Moreover, they acquiesced when control of the Church passed into the hands of avowed atheists."[9] Their rhetorical question concerning the Scandinavian example, in accordance with the market model goes like this: "What happens when only a few, lazy religious firms confront the potential religious consumer? More concretely, does the low level of religious mobilization in Scandinavia, for instance, reflect weak demand primarily, or an unattractive product, badly marketed, within a highly regulated and distorted religious economy? [The concept "economy" here used as a reflection of the religious content in a particular society]"[10]
David Thurfjell suggests a supply-oriented explanation to Swedish particularism, that the dominance of the state Lutheran church resulted in a lack of competition, which gave the consequence of the "product" never really being adapted to demand, and therefore lost its attractivity.[11] Still, for the market model to hold, we would have to find more concrete evidence of how the church was shaped in a certain direction. We find one in the political sphere.
Social democracy and church policy
Few people would dispute that the long Social democratic hegemony has had a huge impact on 20th century Sweden. With the exception for a few brief periods, the Social Democrats ruled Sweden for more or less a whole century, mostly alone, sometimes as the dominating party in coalition governments. One of their genial – their opponents might say devastating – ideas was to connect the individual so strongly to the state that all other bonds – to church, family, norms and traditions – fade away. Historians Henrik Berggren and Lars Trägårdh have labelled this ideology the Swedish state individualism.
When looking at the very high degree of Swedish secularization, the question arises how this could come about in a nation that 150 years ago was a very pious one, where Christianity played a central part in everyone's life. My view is that the strong relationship between the Lutheran state church and the secular-oriented Social democratic party was highly influential in this development. Rather than opposing the secularizing forces, the Church of Sweden in some ways actually enhanced secularization, not least because of the strong pressure from the Social democratic party. This point of view is also reflected in international literature, where secularization scholar David Martin argues that this relationship in Scandinavia has had a crucial significance to secularization in Scandinavia, and states that this "symbiosis of Lutheranism and Social democracy is a pre-eminent case".[12]
The Social democratic vision towards the Church of Sweden was first to separate church from state. However, in the 1930s, influential Social Democrats turned to another track to reach their goals. Arthur Engberg, wished to "de-Christianise the Church through its connection with the state"[13], and wrote that the Church should be transformed into "an atheistic general religiosity"[14]. Later, as minister of ecclesiastical affairs he suggested in a famous one-liner in parliament that the Church should be transformed into "the royal bureau of bliss" ("kungliga salighetsverket"). Vicar and Social democratic parliamentarian Harald Hallén presented a program for a democratic Folk Church – a folkkyrka, governed according to the same pattern as secular assemblies. This strategy seems to have worked out efficiently over time, hereby putting the market model into practice by changing the supply of the Church, building on a foundation quite different from what the Reformation was originally about.
When Swedish secularization is being discussed, it is somewhat telling that Berggren & Trägårdh in the first edition of their book Is the Swede human? somehow forgot to include the role of the Lutheran state church in Swedish individualism. In the second edition, though, they pay back by adding an extra chapter on the Church of Sweden. Here they go as far as to say that "the Swedish alliance between state and individual has its roots in the interaction between a local interpretation of Luther's theology, the development of the Swedish state from 16th century and onwards, plus the challenge against the state church which came from the 19th century revival movements." These threads, they argue, end up in the ambition in the 20th century to reform the state church to a folkkyrka.[15]
Generally, a Lutheran church does not have the same strongholds against sudden changes as the Roman Catholic church, which relies heavily on tradition. On the other hand, a Lutheran church ought to have its own strong bulwark in form of Scripture. In Sweden, though, the secular state could overrun any foundation in Scripture by introducing this secular Lutherdom, where the purpose of the Church was no longer necessarily to glorify God and preach the Gospel. Instead, church historian Daniel Alvunger describes that the Social Democrats created "a folkkyrka programme that was intended to transform the Church of Sweden into a democratic and open and tolerant national church."[16] These are the keywords in Social democratic church policy.
There were several steps during the 20th century which pushed the Church in this direction. In 1930, church governance changed into a more secular system, much like secular city council elections. Church historian Oloph Bexell describes the content of these changes as something "in an international perspective truly unique: the connection between the worshipping congregation and the ecclesiastical governing body disappears.[17]
The question of what ought to be the purpose and mission of the church hereby became open for political, rather than theological debate. One important decision from the Social democratic government was in 1949, when the General Synod was changed into more of a political body, where secular politicians were put in majority. The explicit argument for this was that "the Church of Sweden shall be a folkkyrka, not a priest church"[18] This move had the expected result, that the Social democratic ability to place their members in the General Synod increased during the 1950s.[19] This version of a secularized Lutherdom took shape in this manner, according to Alvunger: "The government wanted to pave the way for a church in which elected lay representatives, with party affiliation, took decisions that were intended ultimately to transform the Church of Sweden from within."[20]
The ideology of a politically governed church became a new basis for the Church of Sweden, and over time it also spread to other political parties. Not only Social Democrats, but also a short-lived liberal government had some impact on the new Church legislation of 1982, which was in effect until the separation of church and state in year 2000. This law stated that priests were no longer to elect delegates to the General Synods, and simultaneously, the bishops lost their right to vote in these Synods.
To summarize: The direction of the church from functioning as the body of Christ to a more general "democratic, open and tolerant" organization was set, and has continued to this day. Contemporary development also shows this quite clearly. The remarkably high voter turnout and success for the Social Democrats in the church election in September 2017, Sweden held church elections. was to a large extent due to the Social Democrats turning the election into a dress-rehearsal before next year's general elections. In particular they awoke a political battle versus the nationalistic Sweden Democrats. While several political parties have left church politics since the separation of church and state, prime minster Stefan Löfven declared in a highly debated interview a few months before the election: "The church will continue to be an interesting arena for the Social democratic party for the foreseeable future. I cannot see an end to this engagement."[21]
The prime minister's strategy seems to have worked out well, and in the election the Social Democrats became the largest nomination group with a landslide victory. This also meant that the party solidified their hold over the former state church for at least the next four years. Therefore, the strategy for the Lutheran Church of Sweden continues – and it is not based on Christ alone, not on Scripture alone, but on politics alone.
Per Ewert, director at the Clapham Institute, working on a PhD thesis on the secularization process in Sweden
Paper presented at the conference La réforme 1517-2017. Sorbonne University, Paris 30th November 2017
[1]Church of Sweden website Rekordhögt valdeltagande i kyrkovalet 2017 https://www.svenskakyrkan.se/default.aspx?id=1669622
[2] Daniel Alvunger Nytt vin i gamla läglar. Socialdemokratisk kyrkopolitik under perioden 1944-1973, Församlingsförlaget, Göteborg 2006, p 248
[3] David Thurfjell Det gudlösa folket. Molin & Sorgenfrei, Stockholm 2015, p 26
[4] Ibid p 107
[5] Ibid p 19. It may be added that this political, particularly left-oriented vision of Christianity did not appear only in the Lutheran state Church, but also in free denominations. The possibilities of a political leadership over the church was however most prevalent in the Church of Sweden. The broader left-wing perspective from the 1960s and onward is covered in depth in Johan Sundeen 68-kyrkan Bladh by Bladh, Stockholm 2017
[6] Casanova, José, Public Religions in the Modern World (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press 1994) p 22
[7] Adam B Seligman Modernity's Wager. Authority, the Self, and Transcendence Princeton University Press, Princeton, p 126
[8] Norris, Pippa & Inglehart, Robert, Sacred and Secular. Religion and Politics Worldwide (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2011) 11ff
[9] Stark, Rodney & Iannaccone, Laurence "A Supply-Side Reinterpretation of the 'Secularization' of Europe" Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, Vol. 33, No. 3 (Sep., 1994) p 238
[10] Ibid. p 232
[11] Thurfjell. p 34
[12] Martin, David, On Secularization. Towards a Revised General theory Farnham: Ashgate (2005) p 78
[13] Urban Claesson Folkhemmets kyrka: Harald Hallén och folkkyrkans genombrott. En studie av socialdemokrati, kyrka och nationsbygge med särskild hänsyn till perioden 1905-1933 p 424
[14] Arthur Engberg in Arbetet 1922, quoted in Maciej Zaremba "En fri kyrka: För folklig för sitt eget bästa" Dagens Nyheter 1999-12-03
[15] Henrik Berggren, and Lars Trägårdh, Är Svensken Människa? Gemenskap Och Oberoende I Det Moderna Sverige. 2nd edn (Stockholm: Norstedts, 2015) p 379
[16] Alvunger 252
[17] i internationellt perspektiv alldeles unikt: sambandet mellan den gudstjänstfriande församlingen och den kyrkliga beslutsförsamlingen försvinner Oloph Bexell, "Om Svenska kyrkan under 1900-talet. Några rapsodiska årtal på vägen till idag" Svensk PastoralTidskrift 1:2017
[18] Karl Sandegård and Rickard Lindström "Svenska kyrkan skall vara en folkkyrka" 1944 Proposition in Swedish parliament, quoted in Bexell.
[19] Alvunger p 255
[21] Kajsa Söderberg "Stefan Löfven: 'Alla präster ska viga samkönade par'" Kyrkans Tidning 22 June 2017
Landet som glömde Gud: Föredrag från "Uppdrag: Guds rike"
Den spruckna 68-bubblan: Svenska kyrkans israeldebacle
Clapham Academic – ny serie, inleds med sammanställning av sekulariseringsforskning
Partierna visar att de ej hör hemma i kyrkan


As one of the largest importers of defence equipment in the world, India's defence procurement affects many domestic and foreign companies, whether or not defence related, owing to its defence offset policy. The policy continues to evolve with as many exceptions as conformities in implementation. This is because of the country's diverse and competing needs for defence, industrialization and economic self-sufficiency. These needs, along with the industry's needs to make profitable investments, are articulated in this book by defence analysts, civil and elected officials, Western original equipment manufacturers and Indian manufacturers, including public sector undertakings.


text:
Ryan Lindley Stays Smart About Things
Quarterback is still a Card as he tries to rally from rough rookie season
Quarterback Ryan Lindley fires a pass under the watchful eye of coach Bruce Arians during a recent minicamp practice.
Smarts Ryan Lindley had.
When he went into the Scouting combine in 2012, he even thought he could make a run at a perfect score of 50 on the Wonderlic test, before being advised that scoring too high on the Wonderlic could give teams pause as much as getting a really low score. (Lindley ended up with a 35, second among QBs to Andrew Luck's 37.)
Lindley was also intelligent enough to know his rookie season could have submarined any chance he had to remain an Arizona Cardinal.
Yet he's still here. The Cardinals had four quarterbacks on the roster by the time 2012 ended and Lindley is the only one left. Kevin Kolb, John Skelton and Brian Hoyer were all released. Drew Stanton and Carson Palmer were added. And Lindley is trying to prove that
he can be better than the six games of struggles – no touchdowns, seven interceptions – that were his rookie résumé.
"It's on tape," Lindley said. "It's set in stone, what happened. But how I go out there every day can't be dictated off what I did last year. I'm going to get better each day from yesterday's practice, not from the Bears game or the Jets game – although there are a lot of things I could look at there."
Lindley smiles as he says it. He wears no blinders. "I know what happened, I learned what I learned," he added. "I can't let it damage my confidence, but at the same time I can't repeat my mistakes."
Lindley's potential watch-and-learn rookie season was gone by midseason. Kolb was hurt and Skelton's play was inconsistent as the Cardinals' season skidded off the road. After the team built a lead in Atlanta Nov. 18 in spite of Skelton missing a wide-open Larry Fitzgerald in the end zone, then-coach Ken Whisenhunt decided – somewhat surprisingly – to put Lindley in the game. The Cardinals ended up losing.
Lindley started four games after that plus got a relief stint during a crushing 58-0 loss in Seattle. There were some intriguing moments but Lindley couldn't find consistent play. He completed just 52 percent of his passes and threw for more than 141 yards just once.
"I think he'd be the first to tell you there were some ups and downs and quite frankly he probably wasn't ready to be thrown into the fire," General Manager Steve Keim said.
Lindley felt like he could digest the offense in the meeting room. "But when everything is flying it's kind of a different deal," Lindley said. "It's trial by fire."
"I took a lot of lumps last year," he said. "That's how you have to learn and I've learned a ton from it. It's rough because you take a big hit to your confidence sometimes but that's a big part too, learning to bounce back from it.
"I think I went through a roller coaster. At first it was kind of a shock and I was trying to handle what I could do and control. After that, near the end of the year, it was just, 'Let's try and salvage something out of this.' "
The question was whether the Cardinals wanted to salvage Lindley. The organization was deliberate as it sorted out its quarterbacks. Kolb was gone in early March thanks to a looming roster bonus, but Skelton and Hoyer remained even after Stanton was signed.
Lindley got married in March, right when he was in NFL limbo. He told his wife, "Hey listen, if we're not here, we're not here. We'll figure it out what to do." His agent told him to just let it play out, and Lindley – a man of religious faith – decided wherever he'd end up was meant to be.
Turned out, Arizona was still the place. Skelton was cut April 1, the day before the Cardinals got Palmer in a trade. Lindley's spot was solidified further when the team released Hoyer in favor of undrafted rookie Caleb TerBush.
"When we looked at the 'ups,' we saw some of the things with his arm strength, potential accuracy, and some of the throws he made that were impressive," Keim said. "He had the natural tools and the physical skillset to become a solid player. It's just going to take time and coaching and we felt like having (QB coach) Freddie (Kitchens) and (coach) Bruce (Arians) and (offensive assistant) Tom Moore, where better could a guy like that develop? That was a major reason we felt comfortable moving forward with Ryan."
Barring injury, it's unlikely Lindley will be higher than third on the depth chart this season. Palmer is the unquestioned starter and Stanton was signed to be the backup. Lindley spent the offseason on the second practice field, getting a ton of reps as he tries to rehab his status.
"Mentally, it's a fresh start," Lindley said, "but in the back of my head I know I have to get it going."
That's the smart approach, kind of like how he looked at the Wonderlic a couple of years ago. Not that he wouldn't mind another shot with that, either.
"I think I'd try now, definitely," Lindley said with a grin. "Give me a day, so I can look up a couple practice questions. I'll go for the 50 after that."


text:
namespace BeautyTeamWeb.Migrations
{
    using System;
    using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;

    public partial class CreateUserApplyJobModels : DbMigration
    {
        public override void Up()
        {
            CreateTable(
                "dbo.UserApplyJobModels",
                c => new
                    {
                        UserApplyJobModelId = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true),
                        ObisoftUserId = c.String(maxLength: 128),
                        JobId = c.Int(nullable: false),
                        Name = c.String(),
                        Email = c.String(),
                        Phone = c.String(),
                        Message = c.String(),
                    })
                .PrimaryKey(t => t.UserApplyJobModelId)
                .ForeignKey("dbo.AspNetUsers", t => t.ObisoftUserId)
                .Index(t => t.ObisoftUserId);

        }

        public override void Down()
        {
            DropForeignKey("dbo.UserApplyJobModels", "ObisoftUserId", "dbo.AspNetUsers");
            DropIndex("dbo.UserApplyJobModels", new[] { "ObisoftUserId" });
            DropTable("dbo.UserApplyJobModels");
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Ask any fisherman how they did the last time they went fishing. I dare you. The answer you get will depend on a number of factors, for example are you a friend? Or a friend of a friend instead? Perhaps you are just asking someone new that you have run into on the riverbank. Or you're asking the guy behind the counter at the local fishing store, to see how things have been stacking up in the local rivers. So depending on where you fit into the criteria listed above, the answer you will receive, assuming that it's more than a grunt or an expletive cast in your direction, you can expect one of the following scenarios.
Sometimes a new spot can reveal some completely unexpected things.
Highest on the totem pole of honesty will be the response given by a friend, preferably a close friend or even better a fishing buddy. If he or she is truly your friend, you'll get an honest debriefing about the number of fish caught, species, size and location. You may even get more specific details like size and type of fly pattern, flow rates, and river color. You have therefore reached a certain level of credibility and trustworthiness that permits you exclusive access to this useful information. You sir, are at the top of the trust totem pole looking down.
Now if the person you ask is just an acquaintance, who may or may not trust you entirely or is perhaps in doubt or unimpressed by your fishing resume to date, the answer you get will be different. You might get a fish tally, and a round about general geographical location, but that will probably be the end of the story. You aren't quite worthy yet of the Full Monty (so to speak) but you've at least got your foot wedged firmly in the door to the temple of knowledge. On the totem pole of honesty, you're somewhere stuck between almost trustworthy to not safe enough to babysit their dog for the weekend.
And finally, if you are in the very last category, where you really don't have any sort of relationship with the person or people you are asking, you're likely to receive one of two types of answers. First, is the polite response that the conditions weren't right for catching fish that day and best of luck with your efforts (also called mind you own business and we slayed them today). The second response will be either nothing at all, or something possibly quite unflattering about your mother.
Spey fly's lined up ready to go in a hand made custom fly box.
So where am I going with this line of thought you might wonder? Is this heading towards some sort of rant? Nope, not at all. But the truth is that fishermen are by nature, secret keepers, afraid to reveal where the best fishing spots are for fear that someone will exploit it. Or even worse, tell everyone they know about it and before you know it your secret hole is a repository of empty beer cans, torn open lure packages, and broken camp chairs. The fear of being "found" is so universal that I don't think that any of the fishermen I know are immune from it. Myself included!
Not a bad place to visit as a first timer.
In my prior postings I've been open with revealing some of the places that I've been fishing, where historically the pressure from outsiders is low. Of course I am not revealing all of my secrets in these stories, but that is mostly because it would take the wonder and excitement out of those like minded adventurers that want to discover them for themselves. But do not doubt for a minute that I didn't go back and forth about naming the places where I have been, and replacing them with names like Zipper Mouth Creek, or Betchacantfindit Valley.
"It's not hard to catch a Steelhead you know. The hard part is not in the catching, but in the finding".
Sometimes there are secrets, and other times you just get lucky.
And they are absolutely right. So it's no surprise then why a Steelheader who has found a productive section of river keeps it to themselves, sharing secrets only with those select people resting at the very peak of the trust totem. They see the protection of these sacred spaces not as a selfish act, but as their duty as the unspoken guardians of these fish. When you have put enough time in and been through the grind of looking for these ghosts of the river, you grow to appreciate their complexity, strength, beauty, and most of all their vulnerability to outside pressures.
But is this really helping the fish?
As a Steelheader I find myself caught between the desire to share my love for the sport of fly fishing and Steelhead with my desire to not tell anyone where to find them. The paradox here is that by not engaging more people in the sport and allowing them the chance to experience what it's like to see, catch, and hold one for a brief minute, the public's level of awareness for their plight is not allowed to grow. Sport fishing is a huge business around the world, and British Columbia is obviously no exception. If fewer people make the effort to fish for Steelhead due to increasingly low numbers of fish and frustration in not catching one, then the interest by the powers that be to protect them will ultimately decline. It's a tough thing to balance. Talk too much and you risk over exposure. Say nothing and the problems go unnoticed and support for conservation and remediation efforts dwindles.
So how does one climb from ground level bottom dweller to top of the trust totem? The only advice I can give is that it takes time and effort. You have to develop your fishing network, gain trust, prove your worth and your credibility. My experience has shown that you can generally tell the "yahoos and googans" from the serious fisherman and advocate pretty easily. So as a guardian of the river I don't open the door to everyone. And even those in the circle of the greatest levels of trust and respect don't always get immediate access to the best spots. I've had very good friends of mine not tell me their hot spots before either, and that's perfectly OK with me. I respect that. Sometimes they let me peek in the crack or through the keyhole to the places that hold their favorite spots, but full disclosure normally only comes in time.
So in summary I guess old Zipper Mouth Creek will continue to flow unimpeded by development for all time, stopping only occasionally at Lost Lake and Fantasy Forest before melting into the depths of the ocean where it's secrets will be locked away forever. And rightly so.
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