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'Once Upon A Time' Spoilers: Season 5 Brings Back Meghan Ory as Ruby-Red Riding Hood & New Characters Revealed in Latest Promo [Watch]
"Once Upon A Time" fans rejoice, as the Red Riding Hood is finally returning to Storybrooke!
'Once Upon a Time' Season 3 Episode 8 Spoilers: The Gang Heads Toward Pan to Save Henry [Video]
On the next 'Once Upon a Time,' the gang finds themselves directly on the path to Peter Pan on the way to save Henry.
'Once Upon a Time' Season 3 Episode 7 Spoilers: Ariel Travels to Storybrooke, Neal and Emma Journey to Dark Hollow [Video]
On the next 'Once Upon a Time,' Ariel and Belle will encounter trouble in Storybrooke and Neal and Emma journey to Dark Hollow in Neverland.
'Once Upon a Time' Season 3 Spoilers: Snow Meets Ariel, The Gang Tries to Save Neal [Video]
On the next episode of 'Once Upon a Time,' Ariel will make her debut and the team will try to save Neal from Pan's clutches.
'Once Upon a Time' Season 3 Spoilers: Hook's Past is Revealed, Two Characters Hook Up [Video]
On the next episode of 'Once Upon a Time,' Hook's past will be revealed, and two characters will engage in a surprising lip-lock.
'Once Upon a Time' Season 3 Episode 2 Spoilers: Neal Faces Obstacles on Road to Neverland, Regina to Get Love Interest
On upcoming episodes of "Once Upon a Time," Neal will face many obstacles on his way to Neverland, and Regina will finally get a sweetheart.
'Once Upon a Time' Season 3 Episode 2 Spoilers: Snow Goes Head-to-Head with Evil Queen, Gang Clashes With Pan
The next episode of fairytale drama 'Once Upon a Time' will feature a flashback from when Snow wakes up from her death-like slumber. Meanwhile, the gang in Neverland will encounter some trouble in the jungle.
'Once Upon a Time' Season 3 Spoilers: Robin Hood, Mulan and Neal Encounter Trouble, Ursula Will Appear
The season premiere of 'Once Upon a Time' opened with the main characters taking a journey to Neverland, the land of the evil Peter Pan. On future episodes, Mulan, Neal and Robin Hood will encounter a 'wrinkle' in their story, and Henry's adoption story will be revealed.
'Once Upon a Time' Season 3 Spoilers: Flashback to Emma's Past, Hook and Emma Get Flirtatious
Season three of 'Once Upon a Time' will feature multiple flashbacks, trouble aboard the Jolly Roger and some Emma/Hook flirting.
'Once Upon a Time' Season 3 Spoilers: Rumple Threatened by Lost Boy in Sneak Preview
When the characters of 'Once Upon a Time' make it to Neverland, Rumple will get threatened by a Lost Boy who exposes one of Rumple's weaknesses.
'Once Upon a Time' Season 3 Spoilers: Trouble Aboard the Jolly Roger, Greg and Tamara's 'Home Office' Revealed
"Once Upon a Time's" third season will feature some trouble aboard the Jolly Roger as the characters head to Neverland to find Neal.
'Once Upon a Time' Season 3 Spoilers: Gil McKinney Will Play Prince Eric, New Promo Shows Emma and Regina Butting Heads
The promo for 'Once Upon a Time' has been released. The promo shows the gang heading off to Neverland as well as Emma and Regina butting heads. It was also announced that Gil McKinney will play Ariel's Prince Eric.
'Once Upon a Time' Season 3 Spoilers: An Intimidating Peter Pan and New Love Interest for Regina but No Trip to Oz
ABC's 'Once Upon a Time' season three will feature an intimidating Peter Pan and a new love interest for Regina. However, the new season will not include a trip to Oz.


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Q: ASP.NET webforms - Modifying control CSS depending on validator type in Javascript I want to  distinguish between required field validators and regular expression validators in my Javascript code so I can change the background color of my controls depending on the validator. Any idea how can I do it?
EDIT :
this is the script that i want to modify ( add a condition depending on required validators or regular expression validators)

A: If you are using client-side jQuery validation, which is the default in new ASP.NET MVC and Webforms projects, then you already have the attributes you need in HTML.
For example take a look at the following code in ASP.NET Webforms:

    <asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="TextBox1" CssClass="form-control" TextMode="Email" />

    <asp:RequiredFieldValidator runat="server" ControlToValidate="Email"
    CssClass="text-danger" ErrorMessage="The email field is required." />

    <asp:RegularExpressionValidator runat="server" ControlToValidate="Email"
    CssClass="text-danger" ErrorMessage="The email is not valid" />

This code produces a textbox input field and two sibling span HTML elements for the validators with corresponding data attributes that identify the validator type, the validation function to execute etc.
So the output for the required validator is:

and for a regex validator it is:

I have omitted some of output details for simplicity.
So you can just use the existing data attributes that ASP.NET outputs and interpret them in your javascript code.
In fact the Page_Validators array contains that data already. So you can do something like this:
switch(Page_Validators[i].evaluationfunction.name){
    case "RequiredFieldValidatorEvaluateIsValid":
        // do stuff for required field validators
        break;
    case "CustomValidatorEvaluateIsValid":
        // do stuff for custom validators
        break;
    case "RegularExpressionValidatorEvaluateIsValid":
        // do stuff for regex validators
        break;
    case "CompareValidatorEvaluateIsValid":
        // do stuff for compare validators
        break;
}

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Since launching her own consulting group in 2005, Anne Ziegler has helped several leading retailers and tastemakers—Tory Burch, Henri Bendel, the Limited Brands, Vogue, among them—plan and execute each season's biggest creative and merchandising decisions. She also co-founded the recently launched website Love The Edit, which curates the best products on Amazon—a digital personal shopping experience, it helps users navigate the marketplace's 200 million products to uncover the ultimate finds.
After nearly a decade in New York City working in the fashion industry, the Princeton alum moved back to her hometown of L.A. in 2012. And as any visitor to the chic and airy Laurel Canyon home she shares with her husband and infant daughter will immediately recognize, Ziegler's domestic and working spaces perfectly embody her appealing, distinctive aesthetic. What with its mix of high and low, unexpected pops of color, artworks by close friends and understated elegance.
Given that she makes a living by looking ahead, we asked Ziegler to name some of the items she looks forward to having close-at-hand when spring rolls around.


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Home » A True Yin-Yang basis Country: Turkey (II)
A True Yin-Yang basis Country: Turkey (II)
by Legamart Editorial April 25, 2022
Yin Dark Side
Money Depreciation, Lack of Safety & Soaring Inflation
While Turkey has many bright sides to ponder, it is also notorious for its negative statistics. The country stands 149th in the Global Peace Index 2021 ranking out of 163 countries. According to the latest data provided by The World Bank, Turkey suffered 15% below the poverty line.
To study more about the pros of Turkey, you can read the article below:
A True Yin-Yang basis Country: Turkey (I)
A simulation analysis of the pandemic impacts suggests that "Turkey had 1.6 million more poor people in 2021 than 2020, reaching the highest poverty rate since 2012," according to World Bank Data.
This data will be completed by Inflation increase continuation, weakening of the lira, rising international commodity prices, and demand-side pressures. Consumer price inflation reached 19.3 percent, and food prices soared by 29 percent, while producer price inflation rose by 45.5 percent.
The above-mentioned data could add up to the crime increase since the 1990s, reported an increase of 400% in 2014 by the Turkish Ministry of Justice. Though Turkey handled 3.6 million Syrian refugees in the best way possible, the issue caused a lack of safety in Turkey.
With 89.5% of the population being Muslim, Turkish people are famous for honor killings & are among the countries with its Human Rights stance under question for a lack of freedom of speech, torture & deaths in custody among ethnic minorities. It is to reiterate that, based on the data gathered in 2018, the homicide rate in the country is 2.59, with a homicide count of 2,133.
A secular country, Turkey's economic growth coincided with the Islamization of the country, which led to the deepening gender gaps in the past decade, increasing the risk of inequalities in the country. The COVID-19 crisis impacted and increased the youth unemployment rate to 11.4%, aside from the negative consequences having led to weakening economic and social gains.
Forbes 2000 list for Turkey; Banks are the leaders
It is unusual to see the presence of 5 Turkish Banks among nine companies on the list of Forbes 2000 back in 2021. This lies in the establishment of The Banking Regulatory and Supervisory Agency (BRSA) in 2000.
Before that, the Turkish economy was hit by significant blows with currency devaluation by 56%2 over one year and customer deposit rates at 7000%. The emergence of BRSA was key to a clean-up of the sector, which lasted until 2003. According to a report gathered by Marsh & McLennan, after 2003 "the Turkish banking sector was rebuilt under the close supervision of the BRSA and reoriented to provide more financing to the real sector and individuals.
The penetration of loans to GDP doubled from 15% in 2003 to 29% in 2006. By 2006, the Turkish banking sector had become an attractive investment opportunity, with annual growth rates and Return on Equity (ROE) both at more than 20%."
It should not be forgotten that Bank Managers are among high-earning jobs with Accounting and Business administration degrees ranked 4th in the top 10 list. Their salary range is from $633 up to $1,963.
Rank Name Country Sales Profit Assets Market Value
589 Koç Holding Turkey $20.5 B $1.3 B $84.8 B $5.7 B
673 Isbank Turkey $13.7 B $1 B $94 B $2.7 B
804 VakifBank Turkey $7.9 B $1.1 B $80.4 B $1.7 B
871 Garanti Bank Turkey $7.2 B $947 M $72.9 B $3.8 B
891 Sabanci Holding Turkey $7.7 B $524.2 M $93.7 B $1.4 B
971 Halkbank Turkey $1.9 B $781.1 M $3.8 B $44.6 B
1006 Akbank Turkey $5.7 B $870.3 M $64.4 B $3.2 B
1766 Ford Otosan Turkey $7 B $596.8 M $3.3 B $8.1 B
1938 Turkish Airlines Turkey $6.6 B $-795.1 M $25.2 B $2 B
Turkey experienced four golden years (2006-2009) as "the ROE for the sector has fallen below the hurdle rate that investors would be expecting from the sector," according to the report.
Thus, the profitability decreased due to numerous powerful players. In line with other maturing sectors, the sharp decline in Turkey's Banking sector with "market interest rates have gone down from 25% in 2004 to 11% in 2015. It is worth mentioning that Turkey has the highest level of competition in the banking sector among key European countries according to the image below:
Lawyers in need of Taxation & Bureaucratic Regulations
Though starting a business in Turkey takes less than a week (six days), it involves numerous procedures making it strict about navigating for overseas firms. These difficulties include companies depositing a percentage of capital to the account of the Competition Authority aside from depositing initial money into a bank.
Post notarising the articles of association, filing the incorporation notice form, having legal books officially certified alongside following up on the Commercial Registry's notification.
Dealing with Construction Permits
According to The World Bank and International Finance Corporation (IFC), Turkey is a challenging country dealing with construction permits (142nd). Twenty procedures should be completed during 180 days, which is higher than the OECD norm of 143 days.
Getting Electricity
Getting an electrical connection requires work from engineers, permitted by BEDAŞ, local municipality, and Chamber of Electrical Engineers (EMO), taking at least 70 days!
Getting Credit and Protecting Investors
Turkey is still underdeveloped from a finance and legal perspective, which is why alongside Lawyers, Finance Officers (ranked 6th of highly-paid professions whose salary range is from $555 to $1,718) have an essential role in uplifting the obstacles of businesses.
Getting credit and protecting investors is a gruesome task due to the poor legal rights index and credit information index compared to other countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia.
Corporate entities in Turkey face a tiring 223 hours of their working year on taking care of taxation. Levies such as Transaction tax on checks, stamp duty on contracts, and advertising tax are confusing for multinational enterprises working in Turkey.
Trading Across Borders
For importing and exporting goods, two weeks for logistics alongside seven documentation are to be kept in place.
Enforcing Contracts
Most contract enforcements happen through trial and judgment procedures taking 420 days to execute.
Resolving Insolvency
As previously mentioned, The World Bank and IFC rank Turkey in 124th place globally for ease of resolving insolvency mainly due to the process taking an average of 3.3 years.
There is a culture clash of east & west even in the field of work. Financial Reporting is not based on global criteria yet, making economic development & investment opportunities proceed at a slower pace & skilled staff challenging to adapt.
Complicated Bureaucracy
Other entrepreneurs complain about excessive bureaucracy, which means it can take six months to establish a new company and a complex tax system, including a new digital services tax that could hit Trendyol just as hard as Amazon.
Yin-Yang Balance
Turkey; Silicon Valley of the Orient
Although the Turkish economy has struggled to maintain its rapid expansion started back in 2002, the growth momentum continued by 8.5% in 2021 & continued its path with a hiccup of 3 percent and 4 percent in 2022 and 2023.
Though Corona-hit, in 2021, the hottest new ideas in online retail did not get their commencement in Silicon Valley but in Istanbul.Getir, founded in 2015, is a Decacorn start-up sponsoring Tottenham Hotspurs, Galatasaray, Fenerbahçe & Beşiktaş football clubs.
The mobile app offers on-demand "ultrafast" delivery, takeaway food delivery, online grocery shopping, online water ordering & ordering from local businesses is worth $11.8 billion. According to getting co-founder, Nazım Salur, who also founded Turkish ride-hailing app BiTaksi, no venture capitalists would return calls from a Turkish start-up in the first three years.
Geter's success started back in 2020 and is part of a vast paradigm shift in Turkey's business models, exclusively in the tech industry. Since the summer of 2020, Turkish tech companies, including eCommerce platforms "Trendyol"( e-commerce online platform valued at $16.5 billion, becoming the first Turkish Decacorn, majority-owned by Alibaba) and "Hepsiburada"( another online shopping platform valued at $4.2 billion) emerged & fostered in the global market with an incredible pace.
The scene of gaming has not been far from this very emergence with game developers such as Peak Games( a mobile gaming company based in Istanbul, acquired by Zynga in June 2020 for $1.8 billion), and Dream Games(Istanbul-based mobile game developer, maker of the puzzle app "Royal Match" worth $2.75 billion) have established global presence as Turkish start-up successes.
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Practice for the new Cup season will begin Wednesday, July 30th 2014 and will continue every Wednesday there after. We are still practicing at Monsignor Meyer CYC fields located at 4354 S. Kingshighway St. Louis, MO 63109. This is near Chippewa and Kingshighway across from St. Mary Magdalen parish and behind the National Guard building, from 7pm-9pm. There is another rugby team on the same field so be sure to ask for the Hornets or look for our Yellow/Black apparel.
Be booted up and ready to rumble by 7, there is usually some bump going on beforehand to get loosened up as well. Also, most importantly, be sure to allow some time after practice to enjoy a frosty beverage or two with your fellow Hornets, either at the practice fields or at our local club bars.


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Home Sectors TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION Cognex acquires Korean machine vision company SUALAB
Cognex acquires Korean machine vision company SUALAB
Cognex Germany Inc, developer of machine vision sensors and systems, has announced the acquisition of SUALAB, a South Korean provider of deep learning machine vision solutions. Cognex says the $195-million (€175-million) acquisition will advance its expertise in the field of deep learning-based machine vision, and the automation of visual inspection tasks in the industrial sector.
"Deep learning enables Cognex to solve many challenging inspection applications in factories, which, until now, could only be done by large teams of human visual inspectors," said Robert J. Willett, President and CEO of Cognex. "In the future these tasks will be carried out more reliably and at lower cost using machine vision."
Dr. Robert J. Shillman, Cognex's founder and Chairman said, "We're very excited to welcome the SUALAB team to Cognex; they are a great fit for our work hard, play hard and move fast culture."
SUALAB was co-founded in 2013 in Seoul, Korea, by Song Kiyoung, the company's CEO, who will join Cognex and help lead the world's largest team of engineers specialising in the use of deep learning for industrial machine vision applications.
"Our goal at SUALAB has been clear since our founding—to be the global leader in deep learning-based vision inspection," said Kiyoung. "By joining Cognex, we have reached that goal, and together, we plan to accelerate our efforts to help more customers solve even the most complex vision applications faster, easier and more cost-effectively."
Machine Vision Cognex Corporation South Korea Mergers & Acquisitions SUALAB Machine Learning AI Germany Automation, Robotics & AI Technology & Innovation


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Frauds, Myths, and Mysteries: Science and Pseudoscience in Archaeology is a book by Kenneth L. Feder on the topic of pseudoarchaeology. Feder is an emeritus professor of archaeology at Central Connecticut State University.

Frauds, Myths, and Mysteries takes a skeptical look at the many false claims in the field of archaeology and promotes the use of the scientific method to evaluate such claims.  It follows in the tradition of Martin Gardner's Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science.  The author attempts to engage the reader through humor and personal anecdotes.  The book is intended for both general consumption and as a textbook for archaeology courses.  It was originally published in 1990 and in 2019 the 10th edition was published.

Contents and synopsis of the 10th edition

Preface
In the preface, the author discusses how there came to be 10 editions, lists what's new in this edition, describes the special features of the book, makes acknowledgements, and provides info about the cover photo.

My pseudoscience cheat sheet
This is a concise skeptical framework to aid in evaluating archaeological claims.

Chapter 1, Science and Pseudoscience
The prevalence of belief in paranormal and pseudoscientific ideas and conspiracy theories abound: ghosts, the lost continent of Atlantis,  alien visitors in the ancient past, telekinesis, bigfoot, Moon landing conspiracy theories, etc. Feder confesses that at one time he was inclined to believe that some of these ideas might be true and he discusses how his thinking evolved through experimentation and by finding serious errors in the claims made by the proponents.  Regarding his reason for writing the book he states "I am very simply passionately curious about human antiquity, and I enjoy few things as much as sharing that passion through my teaching and publications, including this book. I find the misrepresentation of what we actually know about that past to be genuinely aggravating and attempt in these pages to respond to some of the more egregious examples."

Chapter 2, Epistemology: How You Know What You Know
The scientific method is how science works and this chapter emphasizes this by discussing how science is constantly evolving, improving, and sometimes overturning old results.  Feder discusses the problem of confirmation bias, the natural tendency to only see evidence that supports a hypothesis that you are trying to prove, while discounting or ignoring evidence that contradicts it.  He discusses the problem with the old rule "absence of evidence is not evidence of absence."  He emphasizes the crucial importance of creativity and imagination as part of the scientific process in order to come up with possible explanations for things that are currently not understood.  New hypotheses must be rigorously tested, and if they fail, rejected.  He emphasizes that skepticism is an essential part of the scientific method.  He gives a list of books that apply skepticism to widely held pseudoscientific ideas.

Chapter 3, GIANTS! Anatomy of an Archaeological Hoax
Some claim that giants once lived on the earth like Goliath of the Bible.  Feder describes in detail the case of "the Cardiff Giant", a hoax that involved the "discovery" of a petrified stone giant in 1869.  The hoax was a moneymaking success for some time until it was proven have been carved from stone and buried where it was later "found."

Chapter 4, Dawson's Dawn Man: The Hoax at Piltdown
In 1912 there was the "discovery" of a supposed missing link in human evolution known as the Piltdown Man or Dawson's Dawn Man.  Regarding this famous hoax, Feder notes it consisted of a modern human-like cranium and a primitive ape-like jaw.  Human ancestors were actually the opposite - having an ape-like cranium perched atop the post-cranial skeleton of a creature who walked upright, like modern human beings.  But the fake appeared to be consistent with some mistaken ideas about how humans evolved.  It remains an open question as to who created the fake, though Charles Dawson for whom the specimen is named is at the heart of the story.

Chapter 5, Who Discovered America?
Christopher Columbus did not "discover" America. It had already been discovered some 20 to 30 thousand years earlier and was, at the time he arrived, inhabited by tens of millions of people.  Feder discusses Columbus' voyages and his reluctance to believe that the lands he arrived at were not part of Asia.   Public opinion at the time was biased by biblical passages about the sons of Noah populating the earth and about the  lost tribes of Israel.  Feder discusses the successful prediction of a  land bridge to Asia during the last ice age and evidence that the American Indians were in fact descended from Asians.

Chapter 6, Who's Next? After the Indians, before Columbus
There have been various false claims about early voyages to America including by Jews, Africans, and Irish monks.  Feder notes that in some cases these claims were promoted with fake artifacts bearing inscriptions or other characteristics representative of the corresponding culture.  In other cases genuine artifacts were incorrectly claimed to show characteristics of that culture. He then proceeds to discuss the one proven claim: that the Vikings made voyages to Greenland and from there, in the late 10th century, to Vinland (now Newfoundland, Canada).  There are also dubious claims that the Vikings traveled further south into parts of what is now the United States.

Feder emphasizes the importance of verifying claims by finding good and abundant evidence: artifacts such as bones, remains of dwellings, artwork, and tools.  He discusses the importance of validating any particular artifact that seems to strongly indicate the presence of a certain culture with "archaeological context."  As Feder puts it: "the material remains produced by each culture are recognizable and, at the same time, recognizably different from the material remains produced by every other culture."  Normally lots of material is found at a proposed site and it should be consistent with the particular artifact.  Lacking such material is a strong indicator that the proposed culture did not exist at that site.

Chapter 7, The Myth of the Mound Builders
The people known as the Mound Builders lived in America prior to the arrival of Columbus.  They had an advanced society with impressive art and agriculture and built enormous earthen mounds that were comparable in size to some of the Egyptian pyramids.  Feder calls them "one of the best kept secrets in American history."  The early attempts by archaeologists to understand them were greatly hampered by the mistaken and racist idea that the mound builders were too advanced to possibly be related to the  Native Americans.  There were also numerous "artifacts" that were used to promote the idea that these people came here from Europe or the Middle East hundreds of years before Columbus.  These artifacts turned out to be fakes, and it was eventually proven that the mound builders were, in fact, the Native Americans.

Chapter 8, Lost: One Continent—Reward
The classic myth of Atlantis, starting with its origin more than 2000 years ago in the dialogs of the Greek philosopher Plato, described Atlantis as a great and powerful nation that was defeated in a war with the much weaker, but morally superior, Athens. After this, Atlantis was completely destroyed in a great calamity and disappeared without a trace.   Feder lists about a dozen hypotheses about where Atlantis was located, none of which have any real evidence to support them.  Feder presents a compelling argument that Plato's story was just that, a story, which was used as a device to make a philosophical argument.  He discusses the lack of any real evidence of the existence of this supposed lost civilization and goes into detail about the many popular ideas that have been brought forth over the years.  These include claims that Atlantis was the first true civilization and all other civilizations around the world appeared through diffusion from Atlantis, claims that the people of Atlantis had special psychic powers including the ability to move things remotely, and claims that many people have inherent knowledge of Atlantis because they lived there in a  past life.

Chapter 9, Prehistoric E.T.: The Fantasy of Ancient Astronauts
It's been suggested that aliens from outer space visited the earth several thousand years ago and taught or helped humans to construct some of the great monuments of antiquity such as the Egyptian pyramids.  Aliens also supposedly taught humans about agriculture, ceramics, metallurgy, writing and everything else that is of importance to a civilization.  The main argument seems to be that humans were too dumb to have figured this stuff out on their own.  Feder discusses Erich von Däniken, who produced a long series of books, beginning in 1970 with "Chariots of the Gods?".  Von Däniken's "evidence" includes his interpretation of some ancient rock art (petroglyphs) as depicting aliens, astronauts, and space ships.  Feder points out that there are quite reasonable interpretations that don't involve aliens.  Von Däniken also makes the claim that the aliens had sex with human females who then produced intelligent offspring with alien genes.  Then there was the long running TV series "Ancient Aliens" with Giorgio Tsoukalos.  Again, a lot of claims are made, with no real evidence to back them up.

Chapter 10 The Mystery of Ancient Civilizations: How Did People Get So Smart?
There have been massive construction projects developed by ancient societies, some taking decades to complete with a dedicated workforce of thousands.  Dating to about 11,600 years ago, the massive stone pillars at Göbekli Tepe in southeastern Turkey, with intricate carvings of animals, is one of the first to provide evidence of monumental architecture.  Feder stresses that it's a testament to human intelligence and ingenuity, not evidence of help from some advanced civilization.  Feder also discusses the massive stone statues called the Moai on Easter Island, and the Mesoamerican and Egyptian pyramids.  He discusses the evidence that these cultures developed their building skills over hundreds of years and that, in many cases, modern day archaeologists have been able to demonstrate how these building tasks could be accomplished without modern equipment.

Chapter 11 Good Vibrations: Psychics and Archaeology
Some people claim to have psychic powers that can allow them to make archaeological discoveries.  Some claim they can use dowsing rods to locate buried artifacts.  Others claim to simply know where to look and some claim that they can communicate with the long dead inhabitants of a site or that they can describe someone who once owned an artifact.  Feder points out that there are logical places to look for artifacts because people like to live near a water source, with available food and shelter, etc. and thus no psychic ability is required to find likely places to dig.  He goes on to describe his personal interactions with self proclaimed psychics and his testing of their claims.  He also discusses real technology that exists which can help locate archaeological sites and buried structures without actually digging, such as
Lidar, ground-penetrating radar, and magnetometry using a fluxgate gradiometer.

Chapter 12 Old-Time Religion, New Age Visions, and Paranormal Predictions
Creationism is the insistence that biblical creation stories are facts, so that humans and animals were created in their current forms just a few thousand years ago rather than evolving slowly over millions of years.  Feder discusses how the pseudoscience called scientific creationism (later called intelligent design) emerged in an effort to provide an alternative to evolution which could be taught in schools.  Feder also discusses Noah's Ark particularly the numerous unsubstantiated claims that it was found and the supposed evidence for the great flood.  He also points out that within the laws of science, the ark could not be built nor could it accomplish the required task.

In this chapter Feder also discusses new age claims about certain archaeological sites emanating magic and power.  He also discusses the crystal skulls which are supposed to have magical properties, which he states have been shown to be fakes.  These were the subject of an Indiana Jones movie in which they were supposed to be of alien origin.

Chapter 13 Epilogue: A Past We Deserve
With examples from the past and present, Feder shows how peoples' attitudes about archaeological sites being "spooky" is promoted by books and movies which tend to focus on the pseudoscience that the public already tends to believe in.  Fiction is more entertaining than fact.

Reception
The book has generally received favorable reviews.  In a recent review, Jacob J. Sauer of Vanderbilt University says "There is no other book I would recommend more to colleagues--or to anybody interested in learning more about archaeological myths and mysteries."  Many reviewers commented favorably on the book's emphasis on using the scientific method.  In his review of the 2nd edition, F. Donald Pate says "I recommend this book to both professional archaeologists and the general public. It does a fabulous job of educating the public regarding a systematic scientific approach to archaeological problems, and offers alternative explanations for a range of popular frauds and myths relating to the human past."  The 1st edition of the book was not specifically intended as a textbook but soon came to be used as such.  One reviewer of the 1st edition states "The book should both be of general interest and prove useful as a supplemental text for introductory archaeology courses."  As a result, new features were added in later editions to facilitate its uses as a textbook.  The book is required reading in many archaeology courses.  Bettina Arnold, a professor of anthropology at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, writes that this book "has influenced thousands of undergraduates in introductory courses across the country (and presumably overseas as well), a significant contribution to the everlasting struggle to maintain some control over how professional archaeology is perceived by the general public."  One reviewer, who was otherwise quite positive, found Feder's occasional use of sarcasm somewhat "off-putting," such as where he states in regards to claims about Noah's ark being scientifically feasible, "Obviously, a 30-ton, 40-foot-tall, 100-foot-long Supersaurus would have been more than a little cramped in its quarters."  Some reviewers however see Feder's humor as a plus.  For example, Heather Rockwell of University of Wyoming says "Feder's sardonic wit, amusing personal anecdotes, and rigorous attention to detail makes it essential reading for the aspiring archaeologist."

Gallery of previous editions
The author has kept this work up to date, coming out with a new revised edition every few years since the original publication in 1990.  The covers are all different, and show archaeological sites related to topics in the book.  Some sites have megaliths and other large stone structures that some claim are beyond the capabilities of the people who lived there.  As a result, outlandish ideas have been promoted to explain their construction, such as visitors from outer space or people from the lost continent of Atlantis with special powers.  Other covers show petroglyphs (ancient rock art) that some claim depict aliens or astronauts.  Note that many of sites shown on the covers also have their own Wikipedia pages.

See also
Pseudoarchaeology

References

Pseudoarchaeology
Archaeological forgery
Scientific skepticism
1990 non-fiction books
Archaeology and racism

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Front Bedroom - Back Bedroom w/Walk-thru-Bathroom: 2 Slides, 2 Entries, Power Awning, Jacks, Outside Shower, Air, Furnace, Radio/DVD Player, TV, U-Shaped Dinette, Sofa/Bed, Residential Refrigerator, Microwave, Stove Top/Oven, Sleeps 8, GVWR: 10,015#, Unloaded Weight: 8,240#.
Unfortunately, many other dealers add on extra fees to their customer's camper purchases at the time of closing, potentially costing the customers hundreds, possibly, thousands of dollars. We do not! The best way to protect yourself from this happening to you is to ask for the dealer's "Out-the-Door Price". Town and Country RV will always be happy to give you our "Out-the-Door price"!


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Part 5 Part 4 Part 3 Part 2 Part 1 LIST CHAPTER
"Their dwelling-place is not permanent, but changed in pursuit of food and solitude, according to the force of circ.u.mstances. We most often see them in elevated places; but this arises from the fact that the low grounds, being more favorable for the natives' rice-farms, are the oftener cleared, and hence are almost always wanting in suitable trees for their nests.... It is seldom that more than one or two nests are seen upon the same tree, or in the same neighborhood: five have been found, but it was an unusual circ.u.mstance." ...
"They are very filthy in their habits. It is a tradition with the natives generally here that they were once members of their own tribe; that for their depraved habits they were expelled from all human society, and that, through an obstinate indulgence of their vile propensities, they have degenerated into their present state of organization. They are, however, eaten by them, and when cooked with the oil and pulp of the palm-nut considered a highly palatable morsel.
"They exhibit a remarkable degree of intelligence in their habits, and, on the part of the mother, much affection for their young. The second female described was upon a tree when first discovered, with her mate and two young ones (a male and a female). Her first impulse was to descend with great rapidity and make off into the thicket with her mate and female offspring. The young male remaining behind, she soon returned to the rescue. She ascended and took him in her arms, at which moment she was shot, the ball pa.s.sing through the forearm of the young one, on the way to the heart of the mother....
"In a recent case the mother, when discovered, remained upon the tree with her offspring, watching intently the movements of the hunter. As he took aim, she motioned with her hand, precisely in the manner of a human being, to have him desist and go away. When the wound has not proved instantly fatal, they have been known to stop the flow of blood by pressing with the hand upon the part, and when they did not succeed, to apply leaves and gra.s.s.... When shot, they give a sudden screech, not unlike that of a human, being in sudden and acute distress.
"The ordinary voice of the Chimpanzee, however, is affirmed to be hoa.r.s.e, guttural, and not very loud, somewhat like 'whoo-whoo.'"
The a.n.a.logy of the Chimpanzee to the Orang, in its nest-building habit and in the mode of forming its nest, is exceedingly interesting, while, on the other hand, the activity of this ape, and its tendency to bite, are particulars in which it rather resembles the Gibbons. In extent of geographical range, again, the Chimpanzees--which are found from Sierra Leone to Congo--remind one of the Gibbons rather than of either of the other man-like Apes; and it seems not unlikely that, as is the case with the Gibbons, there may be several species spread over the geographical area of the genus.
The same excellent observer, from whom I have borrowed the preceding account of the habits of the adult Chimpanzee, published an account of the Gorilla, which has, in its most essential points, been confirmed by subsequent observers, and to which so very little has really been added, that, in justice to Dr. Savage, I give it almost in full:
"It should be borne in mind that my account is based upon the statements of the aborigines of that region (the Gaboon). In this connection it may also be proper for me to remark that, having been a missionary resident for several years, studying, from habitual intercourse, the African mind and character, I felt myself prepared to discriminate and decide upon the probability of their statements.
Besides, being familiar with the history and habits of its interesting congener (_Trogniger_, Geoff.), I was able to separate their accounts of the two animals, which, having the same locality and a similarity of habit, are confounded in the minds of the ma.s.s, especially as but few--such as traders to the interior, and huntsmen--have ever seen the animal in question.
"The tribe from which our knowledge of the animal is derived, and whose territory forms its habitat, is the _Mpongwe_, occupying both banks of the River Gaboon, from its mouth to some fifty or sixty miles upward....
"If the word 'Pongo' be of African origin, it is probably a corruption of the word _Mpongwe_, the name of the tribe on the banks of the Gaboon, and hence applied to the region they inhabit. Their local name for the Chimpanzee is _Enche-eko_, as near as it can be Anglicized, from which the common term 'Jocko' probably conies. The _Mpongwe_ apellation for its new congener is _Enge-ena_, prolonging the sound of the first vowel, and slightly sounding the second.
"The habitat of the _Enge-ena_ is the interior of Lower Guinea, while that of the _Enche-eko_ is nearer the seaboard.
"Its height is about five feet; it is disproportionately broad across the shoulders, thickly covered with coa.r.s.e black hair, which is said to be similar in its arrangement to that of the _Enche-eko_; with age it becomes gray, which fact has given rise to the report that both animals are seen of different colors.
"Head.--The prominent features of the head are the great width and elongation of the face, the depth of the molar region, the branches of the lower jaw being very deep and extending far backward, and the comparative smallness of the cranial portion; the eyes are very large, and said to be like those of the _Enche-eko_, a bright hazel; nose broad and flat, slightly elevated toward the root; the muzzle broad, and prominent lips and chin, with scattered gray hairs; the under lip highly mobile, and capable of great elongation when the animal is enraged, then hanging over the chin; skin of the face and ears naked and of a dark-brown, approaching to black.
"The most remarkable feature of the head is a high ridge, or crest of hair, in the course of the sagittal suture, which meets posteriorly with a transverse ridge of the same, but less prominent, running round from the back of one ear to the other. The animal has the power of moving the scalp freely forward and back, and when enraged is said to contract it strongly over the brow, thus bringing down the hairy ridge and pointing the hair forward, so as to present an indescribably ferocious aspect.
[Ill.u.s.tration: THE GORILLA.]
"Neck short, thick, and hairy; chest and shoulders very broad, and said to be fully double the size of the _Enche-ekos;_ arms very long, reaching some way below the knee--the forearm much the shortest; hands very large, the thumbs much larger than the fingers....
"The gait is shuffling; the motion of the body, which is never upright as in man, but bent forward, is somewhat rolling, or from side to side. The arms being longer than the Chimpanzee, it does not stoop as much in walking; like that animal, it makes progression by thrusting its arms forward, resting the hands on the ground, and then giving the body a half-jumping, half-swinging motion between them. In this act it is said not to flex the fingers, as does the Chimpanzee, resting on its knuckles, but to extend them, making a fulcrum of the hand. When it a.s.sumes the walking posture, to which it is said to be much inclined, it balances its huge body by flexing its arms upward.
"They live in bands, but are not so numerous as the Chimpanzees; the females generally exceed the other s.e.x in number. My informants all agree in the a.s.sertion that but one adult male is seen in a band; that where the young males grow up a contest takes place for mastery, and the strongest, by killing and driving out the others, establishes himself as the head of the community."
Dr. Savage repudiates the stories about the Gorillas carrying off women and vanquishing elephants, and then adds:
"Their dwellings, if they may be so called, are similar to those of the Chimpanzee, consisting simply of a few sticks and leafy branches, supported by the crotches and limbs of trees; they afford no shelter, and are occupied only at night.
"They are exceedingly ferocious, and always offensive in their habits, never running from man, as does the Chimpanzee. They are objects of terror to the natives, and are never encountered by them except on the defensive. The few that have been captured were killed by elephant-hunters and native traders, as they came suddenly upon them while pa.s.sing through the forests.
"It is said that when the male is first seen he gives a terrific yell, that resounds far and wide through the forest, something like kh--ah!
kh--ah! prolonged and shrill. His enormous jaws are widely opened at each expiration, his under-lip hangs over the chin, and the hairy ridge and scalp are contracted upon the brow, presenting an aspect of indescribable ferocity.
"The females and young, at the first cry, quickly disappear. He then approaches the enemy in great fury, pouring out his horrid cries in quick succession. The hunter awaits his approach with his gun extended; if his aim is not sure he permits the animal to grasp the barrel, and as he carries it to his mouth (which is his habit) he fires. Should the gun fail to go off, the barrel (that of the ordinary musket, which is thin), is crashed between his teeth and the encounter soon proves fatal to the hunter.
"In the wild state their habits are in general like those of the _Troglodytes niger_, building their nests loosely in trees, living on similar fruits, and changing their place of resort from force of circ.u.mstances."
Dr. Savage's observations were confirmed and supplemented by those of Mr. Ford, who communicated an interesting paper on the Gorilla to the Philadelphian Academy of Sciences, in 1852. With respect to the geographical distribution of this greatest of all the man-like Apes, Mr. Ford remarks:
"This animal inhabits the range of mountains that traverse the interior of Guinea from the Cameroon in the north to Angola in the south, and about one hundred miles inland, and called by the geographers Crystal Mountains. The limit to which this animal extends, either north or south, I am unable to define. But that limit is doubtless some distance north of this river [Gaboon]. I was able to certify myself of this fact in a late excursion to the head-waters of the Mooney (Danger) River, which comes into the sea some sixty miles from this place. I was informed (credibly, I think), that they were numerous among the mountains in which that river rises, and far north of that.
"In the south, this species extends to the Congo River, as I am told by native traders who have visited the coast, between the Gaboon and that river. Beyond that, I am not informed. This animal is only found at a distance from the coast in most cases, and, according to my best information, approaches it nowhere so nearly as on the south side of this river, where they have been found within ten miles of the sea.
This, however, is only of late occurrence. I am informed by some of the oldest Mpongwe men that formerly he was only found on the sources of the river, but that at present he may be found within half a day's walk of its mouth. Formerly he inhabited the mountainous ridge where Bushmen alone inhabited, but now he boldly approaches the Mpongwe plantations. This is doubtless the reason of the scarcity of information in years past, as the opportunities for receiving a knowledge of the animal have not been wanting; traders having for one hundred years frequented this river, and specimens, such as have been brought here within a year, could not have been exhibited without having attracted the attention of the most stupid."
One specimen Mr. Ford examined weighed one hundred and seventy pounds, without the thoracic or pelvic viscera, and measured four feet four inches round the chest. This writer describes so minutely and graphically the onslaught of the Gorilla--though he does not for a moment pretend to have witnessed the scene--that I am tempted to give this part of his paper in full, for comparison with other narratives.
"He always rises to his feet when making an attack, though he approaches his antagonist in a stooping posture.
"Though he never lies in wait, yet, when he hears, sees, or scents a man, he immediately utters his characteristic cry, prepares for an attack, and always acts on the offensive. The cry he utters resembles a grunt more than a growl, and is similar to the cry of the Chimpanzee when irritated, but vastly louder. It is said to be audible at a great distance. His preparation consists in attending the females and young ones, by whom he is usually accompanied, to a little distance. He, however, soon returns with his crest erect and projecting forward, his nostrils dilated, and his under-lip thrown down; at the same time uttering his characteristic yell, designed, it would seem, to terrify his antagonist. Instantly, unless he is disabled by a well-directed shot, he makes an onset, and, striking his antagonist with the palm of his hands, or seizing him with a grasp from which there is no escape, he dashes him upon the ground, and lacerates him with his tusks.
"He is said to seize a musket, and instantly crush the barrel between his teeth.... This animal's savage nature is very well shown by the implacable desperation of a young one that was brought here. It was taken very young, and kept four months, and many means were used to tame it; but it was incorrigible, so that it bit me an hour before it died."
[Ill.u.s.tration: HAND OF GORILLA, ORANG, GIBBON, AND CHIMPANZEE.]
SOME STRANGE NURSERIES
(FROM NATURE'S WORKSHOP.)
BY GRANT ALLEN.
You could hardly find a better rough test of relative development in the animal (or vegetable) world than the number of young produced and the care bestowed upon them. The fewer the offspring, the higher the type. Very low animals turn out thousands of eggs with reckless profusion; but they let them look after themselves, or be devoured by enemies, as chance will have it. The higher you go in the scale of being, the smaller the families, but the greater amount of pains expended upon the rearing and upbringing of the young. Large broods mean low organization; small broods imply higher types and more care in the nurture and education of the offspring. Primitive kinds produce eggs wholesale, on the off chance that some two or three among them may perhaps survive an infant mortality of ninety-nine per cent, so as to replace their parents. Advanced kinds produce half a dozen young, or less, but bring a large proportion of these on an average up to years of discretion.
[Ill.u.s.tration: SEA-HORSES.]
Without taking into account insects and such other "small deer,"--to quote Shakespeare's expression,--this fundamental principle of population will become at once apparent if we examine merely familiar instances of back-boned or vertebrate animals. The lowest vertebrates are clearly the fishes: and the true fishes have almost invariably gigantic families. A single cod, for example, is said to produce, roughly speaking, nine million eggs at a birth (I cannot pretend I have checked this calculation); but supposing they were only a million, and that one-tenth of those eggs alone ever came to maturity, there would still be a hundred thousand codfish in the sea this year for every pair that swam in it last year: and these would increase to a hundred thousand times that number next year; and so on, till in four or five years' time the whole sea would be but one solid ma.s.s of closely-packed cod-banks. We can see for ourselves that nothing of the sort actually occurs--practically speaking, there are about the same number of cod one year as another. In spite of this enormous birth-rate, therefore, the cod population is not increasing--it is at a standstill. What does that imply? Why, that taking one brood and one year with another, only a pair of cod, roughly speaking, survive to maturity out of each eight or nine million eggs. The mother cod lays its millions, in order that two may arrive at the period of sp.a.w.ning.
All the rest get devoured as eggs, or snapped up as young fry, or else die of starvation, or are otherwise unaccounted for. It seems to us a wasteful way of replenishing the earth: but it is nature's way; we can only bow respectfully to her final decision.
Frogs and other amphibians stand higher in the scale of life than fish; they have acquired legs in place of fins, and lungs instead of gills; they can hop about on sh.o.r.e with perfect freedom. Now, frogs still produce a great deal of sp.a.w.n, as every one knows: but the eggs in each brood are numbered in their case by hundreds, or at most by a thousand or two, not by millions as with many fishes. The sp.a.w.n hatches out as a rule in ponds, and we have all seen the little black tadpoles crowding the edges of the water in such innumerable ma.s.ses that one would suppose the frogs to be developed from them must cover the length and breadth of England. Yet what becomes of them all?
Hundreds are destroyed in the early tadpole stage--eaten up or starved, or crowded out for want of air and s.p.a.ce and water: a few alone survive or develop four legs, and absorb their tails and hop on sh.o.r.e as tiny froglings. Even then the ma.s.sacre of the innocents continues. Only a t.i.the of those which succeeded in quitting their native pond ever return to it full grown, to sp.a.w.n in due time, and become the parents of further generations.
Lizards and other reptiles make an obvious advance on the frog type; they lay relatively few eggs, but they begin to care for their young.
The family is not here abandoned at birth, as among frogs, but is frequently tended and fed and overlooked by the mother. In birds we have a still higher development of the same marked parental tendency; only three or four eggs are laid each year, as a rule, and on these eggs the mother sits, while both parents feed the callow nestlings till such time as they are able to take care of themselves and pick up their own living. Among mammals, which stand undoubtedly at the head of created nature, the lower types, like mice and rabbits, have frequent broods of many young at a time; but the more advanced groups, such as the horses, cows, deer, and elephants, have usually one foal or calf at a birth, and seldom produce more than a couple. Moreover, in all these higher cases alike, the young are fed with milk by the mother, and so spared the trouble of providing for themselves in their early days, like the young codfish or the baby tadpole. Starvation at the outset is reduced to a minimum.
It is interesting to note, too, that antic.i.p.ations of higher types, so to speak, often occur among lower races. An animal here and there among the simpler forms. .h.i.ts upon some device essentially similar to that of some higher group with which it is really quite unrelated. For example, those who have read my account of the common earwig (given in the sixth chapter of "Flashlights on Nature") will recollect how that lowly insect sits on her eggs much as a hen does, and brings up her brood of callow grubs as if they were chickens. In much the same way, antic.i.p.ations of the mammalian type occur pretty frequently among lower animals. Our commonest English lizard, for example, which frequents moors and sandhills, does not lay or deposit its eggs at all, but hatches them out in its own body, and so apparently brings them forth alive: while among snakes, the same habit occurs in the adder or viper. The very name _viper_, indeed, is a corruption of _vivipara_, the snake which produces living young. Still more closely do some birds resemble mammals in the habit of secreting a sort of milk for the sustenance of their nestlings. Most people think the phrase "pigeon's milk" is much like the phrase "the horse-marines," a burlesque name for an absurd and impossible monstrosity. But it is nothing of the sort: it answers to a real fact in the economy of certain doves, which eat grain or seeds, grind and digest it in their own gizzards into a fine soft pulp or porridge, and then feed their young with it from their crops and beaks. This is thus a sort of bird-like imitation of milk. Only the cow or the goat takes gra.s.s or leaves, chews, swallows, and digests them, and manufactures from them in her own body that much more nutritive substance, milk, with which all mammals feed their infant offspring.
Now, after this rather long preamble, I am going to show you in this present article a few other examples of special care taken of the young in certain quarters where it might be least expected. Fish are not creatures from which we look for marked domestic virtues: yet we may find them there abundantly. Let us begin with that familiar friend of our childhood, the common English stickleback.
Which of us cannot look back in youth to the mysteries of the stickleback fisheries? Captains courageous, we sailed forth with bent pin and piece of thread, to woo the wily quarry with half an inch of chopped earthworm. For stickleback abound in every running stream and pond in England. They are beautiful little creatures, too, when you come to examine them, great favorites in the fresh-water aquarium; the male in particular is exquisitely colored, his hues growing brighter and his sheen more conspicuous at the pairing season. There are many species of sticklebacks--in England we have three very different kinds--but all are alike in one point which gives them their common name, that is to say, in their aggressive and protective p.r.i.c.kliness.
They are armed against all comers. The dorsal fin is partly replaced in the whole family by strong spines or "stickles," which differ in number in the different species. One of our English sorts is a lover of salt water: he lives in the sea, especially off the Cornish coast, and has fifteen stickles or spines; on which account he is commonly known as the Fifteen-spined Stickleback; our other two sorts belong to fresher waters, and are known as the Ten-spined and the Three-spined respectively.
Long Live Summons
Long Live Summons Chapter 923 Author(s) : Xia Fei Shuang Jia, 霞飞双颊 View : 7,865,173
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Parents of Naftali Kinuthia, a man suspected to have hacked a Moi University student to death, paid him a visit at the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH) in Eldoret Wednesday morning.
The family members were accompanied by investigators to the hospital where Kinuthia is recuperating under tight security after he was attacked by a mob.
Members of the public descended on him after he brutally hacked to death Ivy Wangeci – a sixth-year medical student at the university's School of Medicine.
Kinuthia's father is said to have been shocked by his son's actions and is still in 'denial'.
"The father is still shocked. This thing has not sunk him on how Njahi did all this, this is our calm firstborn," the suspect's mother, Nancy Kinuthia, said.
Doctors at the MTRH informed the family that their son suffered a fractured skull after the attack by a mob.
The mother described her son as a hard worker who 'has been through a struggle to reach where he is'.
"He worked very hard and joined JKUAT where he graduated before getting a job in Nairobi. And they have been together (with the girl) even before he got a job and she joined school (of Medicine). This thing has disturbed us as a family," the mother added.


text:
Man City Looks To Remain at Top of Table With Win
Published on November 20th, 2015 12:20 am EST
The top of the English Premier League table is crowded - very, very crowded.
As of this moment, just two points separate the first place teams (Man City, Arsenal) from the fourth place team (Manchester United). For that reason, every point is crucial, even with a number of months left in the season. All four of the teams who are within a win of first place right now (Man City, Arsenal, Leicester City, Man Utd) are looking to break out to take a commanding lead in the table.
On Saturday, Man City will be playing host to Liverpool in a battle between two of the country's biggest clubs. Man City, as mentioned, is currently sitting in a tie for first place in the table, while Liverpool is sitting in 10th place with a record of 4-5-3. If Liverpool wants to make a run at a Champions League spot, they'll need to get hot right now.
Man City is 2-0-2 in their last four matches, while Liverpool has won just one game in their last five. Both teams are going to be wanting to step it up on Saturday, as both of their most recent games left something to be desired.
Man City has won its last three home games in a row, while Liverpool is 1-1-2 in their last four away from home.
Man City has a very impressive goal differential so far this season, as they have scored 26 goals while allowing just 9 to their opponents. Liverpool, on the other hand, has managed to score just 13 goals to start the season. If Liverpool wants to turn around their season, they will have to start scoring more.
Liverpool won the last meeting between the two sides (March 1st, 2015) 2-1.
Here are the odds for Saturday's match:
Man City, 1.67
Draw, 4.00
Liverpool, 4.80
According to these odds, Man City is the clear favourite to win, as a successful $100 on them would yield a total profit of $67, while a successful $100 wager on Liverpool would return a total of $380.
This should be a very entertaining game, as both teams have quite a bit to play for.
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text:
package org.apache.flink.table.catalog;

import org.apache.flink.table.api.TableSchema;
import org.apache.flink.util.StringUtils;

import java.util.Map;

import static org.apache.flink.util.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static org.apache.flink.util.Preconditions.checkNotNull;

/** An abstract catalog view. */
public abstract class AbstractCatalogView implements CatalogView {
    // Original text of the view definition.
    private final String originalQuery;

    // Expanded text of the original view definition
    // This is needed because the context such as current DB is
    // lost after the session, in which view is defined, is gone.
    // Expanded query text takes care of the this, as an example.
    private final String expandedQuery;

    private final TableSchema schema;
    private final Map<String, String> options;
    private final String comment;

    public AbstractCatalogView(
            String originalQuery,
            String expandedQuery,
            TableSchema schema,
            Map<String, String> options,
            String comment) {
        checkArgument(
                !StringUtils.isNullOrWhitespaceOnly(originalQuery),
                "originalQuery cannot be null or empty");
        checkArgument(
                !StringUtils.isNullOrWhitespaceOnly(expandedQuery),
                "expandedQuery cannot be null or empty");

        this.originalQuery = originalQuery;
        this.expandedQuery = expandedQuery;
        this.schema = checkNotNull(schema, "schema cannot be null");
        this.options = checkNotNull(options, "options cannot be null");
        this.comment = comment;
    }

    @Override
    public String getOriginalQuery() {
        return this.originalQuery;
    }

    @Override
    public String getExpandedQuery() {
        return this.expandedQuery;
    }

    @Override
    public Map<String, String> getOptions() {
        return this.options;
    }

    @Override
    public TableSchema getSchema() {
        return this.schema;
    }

    public String getComment() {
        return this.comment;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Note: Indian Railways have recently discontinued the sale of Indrail passes.
To encourage independent travel within South Asia (India, Nepal, Thailand and China in particular).
To make conducted, independent and tailor-made travel arrangements for its clients.
To keep customer satisfaction as close to realistic expectation levels.


SO you may ask, who goes to Beijing to eat a burger?
But this was no ordinary burger. It was the world-famous DB Burger created by culinary impresario and Michelin-starred Chef Daniel Boulud.
Usually available in New York, the decadent DB Burger is now available in Asia through Boulud's Asian restaurant outlets in Singapore and China.
I was pretty curious about it since Boulud, of course, is French. So what was he doing messing around with something as American and mass-produced as the hamburger?
Anyway, I finally got the answer after ordering the burger at Maison Boulud à Pékin on a recent trip to Beijing. The restaurant is in the stately gray old US Embassy building at the Chi'enmen 23 compound, just a skip away from the Forbidden City.
The kitchen is ably overseen by Chef Brian Reimer, who, according to Maison Boulud's web site, was formally trained at the Napa Valley Cooking School in St. Helena, California, and from there worked in the kitchens of various well-known chefs in the US and Europe (Thomas Keller, Michel Rostang, Jean Paul Lacombe, Jean Pierre Vigato, Michael Slow).
He eventually became the executive sous chef at Boulud's restaurant Daniel in New York; then in 2009, he was assigned to head the culinary team at Maison Boulud.
Back to the burger. I was hardly prepared for this dish, despite seeing lots of photos of it.
I was quite awed by the hugeness of it all. The sirloin beef patty itself was thick—almost 2 inches in height, and about 2.5 inches across in diameter.
TThe original decadent DB Burger is a sirloin patty stuffed with foie gras and braised short ribs, served in a parmesan bun. How to eat it? Very carefully.
I could taste the velvety goodness of the foie gras despite all that beef, unlike other burgers that claim to have the fatty duck livers in them. I don't exactly know what the braised ribs were there for, perhaps just for extra heft, because it was somewhat difficult to make out its taste amid the beef and the foie gras.
Unlike the New York version, this burger didn't seem to have black truffles in them. (I went back to check the menu and, yes, it definitely didn't mention the black truffles.) Perhaps these were not in season then or deliberately eliminated from the ingredients to keep down the cost of the burger. This was Beijing, after all.
The patty was served in a soft Parmesan bun, with a humongous serving of pommes frites on the side. Any man would have no trouble putting away the entire thing; I, on the other hand, only finished half of the sandwich and probably a third of the fries—it was just too heavy. I felt all the meat and potatoes just kind of sitting there right in the middle of my belly.
That is not to say I didn't enjoy it. It was just a bit overwhelming.
The DB Burger costs RMB168 a la carte. But if you order it as a main course in the prix fixe lunch (RMB 188), there is a RMB 50 supplement.
At Maison Boulud, the hamburger is definitely given the decadent French royal treatment.
• Maison Boulud is at Ch'ienmen 23, Qian Men Dong da Jie, Beijing. For inquiries and reservations: +(8610) 6559-9200.


KENNESAW, Ga., May 3, 2017 - Automated Logic Corporation (ALC), a leading provider of innovative building automation systems, has expanded its suite of optimization solutions for the WebCTRL® building automation system to include a new chilled water system optimizer. The new WebCTRL chilled water system optimizer minimizes the energy use of the entire chilled water system in a commercial building, including air handling units, fan coils and other chilled water distribution equipment. Based on laboratory and field tests, energy savings in the range of 3-15%1 have been achieved, as compared to non-optimized systems. ALC is a part of UTC Climate, Controls & Security, a unit of United Technologies Corp. (NYSE: UTX).
The optimizer solution consists of an Automated Logic controller, a patent-pending control algorithm, and an integrated dashboard that allows facilities staff to monitor the overall efficiency of the chilled water system from anywhere at any time. In order to achieve overall combined chiller plant and air-side energy savings, the control algorithm intelligently computes the optimum chilled water and condenser water setpoints for the plant, while continuously monitoring plant room and load-side energy consumption.
The optimizer interfaces seamlessly with existing plant controls and equipment, eliminating the need for costly system upgrades, plant analysis and system modeling. It can be used on plants of varying size, up to a maximum of eight chillers. The system can be configured to optimize the chilled water side alone, the condenser water side alone, or both, depending on the building's needs. In addition, the optimizer's intelligent learning algorithm adapts easily to changes in environmental conditions or equipment performance, providing optimal energy savings and occupant comfort over varying equipment and environmental profiles. The optimizer is also scalable, allowing additional chilled water distribution equipment to be added easily and included in optimization calculations.
The optimizer launch follows the recent release of the Automated Logic® PlantCTRL™ solution, which provides factory-engineered algorithms to control the individual components of a chiller plant, including chillers, pumps and towers. The new optimizer interfaces seamlessly with the PlantCTRL solution, adding full system optimization to the chilled water plant.
The optimizer is now available for sale through Automated Logic field offices worldwide.
1 The optimizer algorithm was evaluated using modeling and computer driven simulations and tested in several field trial sites. Actual savings may vary depending on duration of use, plant size, equipment used, and the existing plant control strategy.


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Stealing Fire The Secrets of Super Performers from Google Executives to Navy Seals
by Steven Kotler, Jamie Wheal
2 Local Warehouse
It s the biggest revolution you ve never heard of, and it s hiding in plain sight. Over the past decade, Silicon Valley executives like Eric Schmidt and Elon Musk, Special Operators like the Navy SEALs and the Green Berets, and maverick scientists like Sasha Shulgin and Amy Cuddy have turned everything we thought we knew about high performance upside down. Instead of grit, better habits, or 10,000 hours, these trailblazers have found a surprising short cut. They're harnessing rare and controversial states of consciousness to solve critical challenges and outperform the competition.
New York Times bestselling author Steven Kotler and high performance expert Jamie Wheal spent four years investigating the leading edges of this revolution from the home of SEAL Team Six to the Googleplex, the Burning Man festival, Richard Branson s Necker Island, Red Bull s training center, Nike s innovation team, and the United Nations Headquarters. And what they learned was stunning: In their own ways, with differing languages, techniques, and applications, every one of these groups has been quietly seeking the same thing: the boost in information and inspiration that altered states provide.
Today, this revolution is spreading to the mainstream, fueling a trillion dollar underground economy and forcing us to rethink how we can all lead richer, more productive, more satisfying lives. Driven by four accelerating forces psychology, neurobiology, technology and pharmacology we are gaining access to and insights about some of the most contested and misunderstood terrain in history. Stealing Fire is a provocative examination of what s actually possible; a guidebook for anyone who wants to radically upgrade their life.
"A mind-blowing tour along the path from sex and drugs to R&D." - Financial Times
It's the biggest revolution you've never heard of, and it's hiding in plain sight. Over the past decade, Silicon Valley executives like Eric Schmidt and Elon Musk, Special Operators like the Navy SEALs and the Green Berets, and maverick scientists like Sasha Shulgin and Amy Cuddy have turned everything we thought we knew about high performance upside down. Instead of grit, better habits, or 10,000 hours, these trailblazers have found a surprising short cut. They're harnessing rare and controversial states of consciousness to solve critical challenges and outperform the competition.
New York Times bestselling author Steven Kotler and high performance expert Jamie Wheal spent four years investigating the leading edges of this revolution--from the home of SEAL Team Six to the Googleplex, the Burning Man festival, Richard Branson's Necker Island, Red Bull's training center, Nike's innovation team, and the United Nations' Headquarters. And what they learned was stunning: In their own ways, with differing languages, techniques, and applications, every one of these groups has been quietly seeking the same thing: the boost in information and inspiration that altered states provide.
Today, this revolution is spreading to the mainstream, fueling a trillion dollar underground economy and forcing us to rethink how we can all lead richer, more productive, more satisfying lives. Driven by four accelerating forces--psychology, neurobiology, technology and pharmacology--we are gaining access to and insights about some of the most contested and misunderstood terrain in history. Stealing Fire is a provocative examination of what's actually possible; a guidebook for anyone who wants to radically upgrade their life.
CNBC and Strategy + Business Best Business Book of 2017
"Steven and Jamie have done a wonderful job of balancing the promises, perils, and how-to prescriptions of engineering peak states such as 'flow.'" --Tim Ferriss, #1 New York Times best-selling author of The 4-Hour Workweek
Be the first to share your thoughts on this title!
Dey Street Books
Jamie Wheal
Steven Kotler
Used, Hardcover, Starting from $15.50


With their focus on blending commercial and social value, inclusive businesses have long understood the benefit of partnerships to their business models, and such partnerships often involve other businesses, large corporations, as well as NGOs. But what is happening in the current corporate-NGO partnering landscape and what is the direction of travel?
Eight years ago, the C&E Corporate-NGO Partnerships Barometer was launched as an annual study to assess the motivations, drivers, barriers, enablers, role models, trends and forecasts for Corporate-NGO partnering. Created with input from nearly 130 leading businesses and NGOs, the recently released 2017 edition highlights some notable findings.
NGOs are increasingly motivated by the need to achieve greater innovation through their partnerships (up a striking 22% year on year).
Strategic partnering is on the rise across corporates and NGOs but there are clearly divergent approaches to portfolio management across the two sectors: Over three quarters (79%) of corporates categorise their partnerships with NGOs as "strategic", compared to an equivalent figure of just 32% partnerships in NGOs partnering portfolios that are deemed to be strategic in nature.
Perhaps the most encouraging finding in the 2017 Barometer report is the discovery that the emphasis on deeper, problem-solving partnerships between corporates and NGOs has accelerated as purpose and mission increasingly take centre-stage in partnerships. 42% of respondents categorise their organisations as engaging in "deeper, problem-solving partnerships designed to address core, mission-relevant or purpose-led issues in ways that create value for society, for ourselves and for our partners." A significant 18% uplift on the 2016 figure (24%).
What value do partners bring to each other?
The report found that aside from reputational and financial gains, strategic partnerships are creating strong value as corporates and NGOs leverage each other's assets, revenue models, expertise, organisational capacity and competencies to scale and sustain social, environmental and commercial solutions for targeted constituencies.
Companies (97%) and NGOs (85%) state that partnerships across both sectors help to improve business understanding of social and environmental issues. Additionally, 63% of corporate and NGO respondents (year on year increases of 4% and 12% respectively) state that partnerships have helped change business practices for the better. So, from working with companies to eliminate single-use plastics in their operations, to driving inclusive, pro-poor practices across their value-chains, cross-sector partnerships appear to be moving the dial for NGOs, for businesses, and for society.
The 2017 Barometer clearly illustrates that strategic partnerships between businesses and NGOs are increasing in scale, sophistication and potential as their true value becomes more apparent. That more organisations are engaging in deeper, problem-solving partnerships designed to address core, mission-relevant or purpose-led issues in ways that create value for society, is clearly cause for celebration. However, challenges remain, particularly for NGOs.
Some NGOs are rapidly evolving their approach to partnering, so that they place mission-delivery at the heart of partnering and make explicit the intangible, but often significant benefits of partnering. A leading humanitarian NGO has created a clear hierarchy of benefits for partnering with the corporate sector, flowing from 1) humanitarian value 2) organisational improvement 3) reputation & influence, and then 4) financial value.
Increasingly, innovation blossoms where the sectors converge. At these intersections, the exchanges of ideas and values, shifts in roles and relationships, and integration of private capital with public good generate new and better approaches to creating more sustainable social, environmental and shareholder value. So wrote Prof Rosabeth Moss Kanter in the Stanford Social Innovation Review several years ago.
As the private sector becomes more important actors in the development and social business eco-system, courageous leadership is required, if the potential of cross-sector collaboration encapsulated by Rosabeth Moss Kanter is to be realised.
This blog is a part of the October 2017 series on NGOs in inclusive business, in partnership with endeva.
Read the full series for insights on what kind of roles NGOs have carved out for themselves, either as partners of companies, as intermediaries, investors, or even as entrepreneurs and their lessons learnt in doing so.
Outgrower Schemes through Last Mile Distributors(Agro Dealers) can it work?
Blending commercial and social objectives – it's hard but not mutually exclusive!


Decorating your apartment on a budget can be challenging, but it's not impossible. Instead, you're going to have to work harder than you would if you could go to a store and throw down your Amex black card. Rather, you'll have to search high and low for free items, cheap deals and smart ways for you to make an impact without spending a bunch of cash and with a few minimalist interior design tips you can revitalise your apartment overnight.
In this day and age, searching through charity stores for items is not only a pain, but it's also not efficient. There are groups on Facebook and other websites that are dedicated to selling and giving away items in your local area. By scouring these pages, you can often find furniture, tools, pieces, and fabrics that you can use to spice up your apartment.
If you think one or two steps ahead, you can buy or claim items that need a little work. It's relatively easy to reupholster a chair or cushion. Likewise, you can sand down and re-stain any woodwork so that it matches your current furniture. This work will take some time, but if you're working on a tight budget, it can allow you to get far more for your money.
Plants and flowers are a necessity for any thrifty apartment design. They attract a lot of attention and bring life to your home at a comparably small cost. A few plants and flowers should cost no more than fifty dollars and if you take care of them, they will last for years and can be used to grow more plants.
Look for a few simple options like cacti and succulents which you can put into tasteful bowls and containers to use as centrepieces on your coffee table and in the kitchen. Then, for the corners, you might consider larger plants like a Spider Plant or Iron Plant which will fill up the area and make the design feel planned rather than barren.
Often the barest part of an apartment is the walls. These barren walls can leave the apartment feeling closer to a prison cell than a home and to fix this you need to fill them up with personality, to create a unique style that's your own. To start, you'll want to visualise the types of art that you want on the walls, and that will depend on your furniture and the aesthetic that you're going for.
Artwork can be found for very affordable prices, especially if you consider using prints and art from second-hand stores and obscure local artists. Often a family member or friend might consider making you a piece if you asked nicely and by using a few large pieces of artwork you have something to talk about, as well as more life in an otherwise copycat apartment.
Bare wooden and concrete floors can look fantastic, but only if that's the aesthetic that you're going for. If not, utilizing a few throws can fill up space and make your apartment look more purposeful. Consider a large deep rug under a coffee table in the living room, and a small cloth thrown on the floor by the door to the corridor.
These two small additions can have a significant impact on the aesthetic of the apartment, as well as serving practical purposes too. If your budget is shrinking rapidly and you can't afford a quality rug, you might consider buying a large piece of fabric from an industry store and doubling it up and stitching it to make a unique rug for under your furniture.
Finally, you can completely change the dynamic and appearance of a room without spending a penny if you can rearrange it in a way that makes it look and live better. If your apartment is very small, then you might consider moving all of the furniture to the corners to get empty space in the center. While if your rooms are large and barren, you can position your furniture such that it's centered, with less space.


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Con Law Midterm (1)
Nat League v. Usery, Youngstown Sheet and Tube v. Sawyer
-What was the Fair Labor Standards Act?
-What was it amended to?
-Was the amended version Constitutional?
-An act that set a minimum wage and maximum hours.
-It was amended to include states' employees.
-No!
Why was the amended version of the Fair Labor Standards Act unconstitutional?
It held back the states' "ability to function effectively in a federal system."
Fill in: "If Congress may withdraw from the States the authority to make those fundamental employment decisions upon which their systems for performance of these functions must rest,__________"
". . .we think there would be little left of the States' 'separate and independent existence.''
Did Nat. League involve the commerce clause?
No. The states conceded that the act was within Congress's commerce clause power.
What case did National League overturn?
Maryland v. Wirtz
-What war was going on during Youngstown Sheet and Tube?
-What President was involved?
-The Korean War
-Truman
How was the National Labor Relations Act involved?
It gave Truman the power to keep unions from striking. He decided not to use that power, though, because he was sympathetic to the union members.
What was the result of the seizure of the steel mills?
The workers' conditions improved.
What were the two questions the Court answered, and how did it anser them?
1) Does this situation require a Constitutional decision? Yes.
2) Does the President have the power to do what he did? No.
What was Truman's argument for intervening?
He said he could do it because it was an emergency and he was the Commander in Chief.
What was Justice Jackson's 3-tier approach?
1) P + C (maximum authority)
2) P (intermediate authority)
3) P - C (least authority)
Decision was Tier-3 because Congress could have given him the power to intervene but decided not to.


text:
Home Order by Publisher Q - Z Ta-Ha Publishers Ltd. The History of The Khalifahs Who Took The Right Way
The History of The Khalifahs Who Took The Right Way
Author: Jalal ad-Din as-Suyuti/Clarke
Publisher: Ta-Ha Publishers Ltd. (UK)
Another translation from the work of the renowned author of Medicine of the Prophet. Taken and translated from as-Suyuti's Tarikh al-Khulafa, this classical work presents the most authentic traditions concerning the first four Khalifs of Islam, the integrity and wisdom which they displayed in their governance, and their contributions to that body of practice which is known as the Sunnah.
Product Reviews for The History of The Khalifahs Who Took The Right Way
Heaven Under your Feet : Pregnancy for Muslim Women (Umm Hasan Bint Salim)
Muslim Personal Law (English) Softcover (Hashim Mahdi)
The Book of Islamic Dynasties : A Celebration of Islamic History and Culture (Luqman Nagy)
Lessons from the Qur'an : Hardcover (Mahmood Jawaid)
The Islamic Dynasties : A Celebration of Islamic History and Culture (Luqman Nagy) Softcover
Ameena's Ramadan Diary : A Practical Guide to Getting the Best out of Fasting & Ramadan (Sara Kabil, Abubakr El-Banna)
Human Nature : The Only Solution (Siraj Choudhury)
Marriage and Family Building in Islam (Dr. Muhammad Abdul Bari)
Miracles of the Prophet Muhammad (Adem Yakup)


Tune into The Nancy Ferrari Show airing live on Monday, February 2nd, 9:00 am PT/12:00 pm ET as my featured guest is Sheila Kennedy, THE Confidence Coach, who is a lead-by-example kind of woman. As she learns, she shares. Early in her career as a Life Skills Instructor with the US Army, she saw that people learn best by example and sharing lessons learned is an important part of being a good leader. Sheila walks her talk and shares the results every day. Teaching by positive example wasn't always the case for Sheila. She spent years trying to hide her lack of perfection and the dysfunction in her life.
As a middle school Theology Teacher and Owner of a Home Staging Company, Sheila felt she could hardly share what a mess her life had become so she could get the help she needed. She felt that if she appeared to be anything less than confident, people would not trust her with their children or their business. In response, Sheila learned plenty of survival and coping skills so she could get through the daily routines of life and business. Sheila became a poster child for giving an idyllic appearance to a rather miserable existence. Her hiding and lack of authenticity caught up with her and her "ideal" life crumbled until she found herself a single mom barely making a living. Her confidence was at an all-time low and she and her business struggled significantly. After reading Jeremiah 29:11, Sheila determined that she could overcome her challenges and use them to create something better for her own life and others. Sheila employed the skills she once taught about how to be a resourceful leader who is a skillful communicator and problem solver. She repurposed methods she used to teach thirteen year olds in her theology classes to believe in something she couldn't see … her value. She cleared out the physical and emotional clutter that she knew was holding her back. Armed with all of this, Sheila built a heightened level of confidence and finally opened her coaching practice, J29 Project. She now coaches others to build the confidence they need to build the life they desire.


IHME has an outstanding opportunity for a Research Engineer to join Resource Tracking Team. The main purpose of this position is to design, implement, and support analytic engines and diagnostics related to tracking resources spent on health and measuring their impact.. This position must translate research objectives and complex operational requirements into efficient, easy-to-use, and optimized software that allows users to produce high-caliber scientific results. The position will ensure the routine operation of cause of death data standardization and correction analytic engines and diagnostic tools. They will problem-shoot and help data professionals and modelers to find solutions to challenges that arise in undertaking novel analyses. The position will also create new shared functions and tools to meet recurrent challenges and make the overall disease modeling, results review, and finalization process easier and more efficient.
This position requires a strong background in writing scientific software and an ability to translate researchers' needs into a concrete software development plan. The individual will design and implement solutions that improve performance and can easily be utilized by other staff on the Resource Tracking team with variable coding experience. The position ensures the software developed is appropriately flexible, scalable, and efficient. This includes providing guidance and feedback to the Resource Tracking data professionals as they work on critical additions/modifications to the existing codebase to address analytical problems. The position calls for dexterity working with multiple coding languages (e.g. Python, R, SQL, Stata).
The individual must learn how multiple components of a complex analytical process relate to one another, learn the nature of the key indicators and variables being analyzed, and identify and implement ways to improve performance while maintaining high-quality and reproducible scientific results. Utilizing cutting-edge analytic techniques from a range of quantitative disciplines, IHME produces regular estimates of the key financial resources provided for health. This research illuminates the resources expended on health, including which organizations and bodies provide them, and which health areas are targeted. Resource Tracking generates annual estimates of global health financing; assesses macro unit costs; tracks resources provided for different diseases and risk factors; and widely measures expenditures that flow through the various functions of health systems in different countries. This work relies upon the collation of all available quantitative data from a variety of sources, including budgets, financial reports, tax filings, hospital records, healthy facility surveys, and claims data, among others. Through these efforts, major peer-reviewed publications, an annual policy report, and novel interactive tools are produced to help scientific and non-scientific audiences digest the results.
Bachelor's degree in Biostatistics, Computer Science, or a related field and three years' related experience in software development, or equivalent combination of education and experience.
Please Note: Priority consideration will be given to applications received on or before April 26.


Q?Can you fix all laptop makes and models?
Q?I've got a software problem, can you help?
Q?Will I know the exact cost before work is carried out?
Q?If I do send the hard drive with machine is the data safe with you?
Q?Can you replace broken laptop screens?
Q?Can missing or sticky keyboard keys be replaced?
Q?Can you set up my wireless network and configure my laptop to connect to it?