text:
Styles of Communication
Vol 12 No 1
Vol 9 No 1
All articles are published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.
Volunteering Movement in Russia: Regional Presence and Future Perspectives (PDF)
Irina Boldonova, Katerina Tsetsura
Abstract: This study provides an overview of the volunteering movement in Russia. Particularly, authors concentrate their discussion around major particularities of the volunteer development in Russia: the regional volunteerism, perspectives, relevant issues and the role and place of the government in the volunteering movement. After discussing historical and socio-cultural particularities of the volunteering movement in Russia, authors illustrate their points with examples from one specific region, the Republic of Buryatia, to build the argument for the need to investigate challenges and opportunities of the volunteering movement from the social, cultural perspective and offer ideas for future studies.
Public Relations and CSR as a Part of Corporate Legitimation (PDF)
Irene Buhăniță
Abstract: This article provides a review of public relations literature in relation with CSR, through an analysis of academic research done in 1999-2014 period and published in three main scientific journals. The content of this literature shows that researchers looked for new perspectives along the years, broadening Clark"s approach (2000) of communication management to encompass management function and relationship management as well. The findings of the study suggest that the accent on processes may address ethics or legitimation topics in public relation as well as in CSR, because of the impoved relationships they can establish between organizations, stakeholders and society.
British Humour as the Art of Contemporary Homo Ridens: Based on an Exploration of the Comedy Series Fawlty Towers (PDF)
Agata Figiel
Abstract: Humour may ridicule both − the old and the new: something that is old may be attacked from a new position, and equally, something that is new, modern, dangerous for the status quo. The weapon in such confrontations, since the beginning of time, has been laughter. During primitive folk ceremonies or ancient peoples" rites – from the beginning of humour – one function was supreme, the elimination through ridicule of all elements of social life that may threaten a given society or the harmonious whole or particular groups, or units. The sample of linguistic analysis of incongruity and superiority, from an episode of the comedy series Fawlty Towers, has been used throughout this paper. The conclusion makes it clear that the aim of humour was and still is to ridicule certain attitudes or forms of behaviour, which since early ages have sought to object to or overthrow established rules.
Analyzing Potentially New Genres in Political Communication: Generic Properties of the Discourse of Conflict (PDF)
Paulina Krolikowska
Abstract: The aim of this article is to describe a model for analyzing potentially new genres in political communication, which has been developed as part of a doctoral dissertation on generic properties of the discourse of conflict illustrated by an analysis of the Israeli political discourse on the conflict in the Middle East. This study and the model it proposes come as a response to the problem of approaching newly developing and/or hybridizing structures of political communication, which receives growing attention in the domain of Political Linguistics. The proposed model draws on concepts from genre studies conducted within well-established linguistic disciplines and perspectives, and supplements them with new insights that derive directly from the data analyzed. For these purposes, a cognitive-pragmatic critical approach was used, which entailed a detailed qualitative analysis of the speeches of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, but this article illustrates the core of the proposed model on the basis of one selected Netanyahu"s speech. So far, there have been no attempts at analyzing generic properties of the discourse of conflict and this study illustrates how researchers can approach such complex phenomena and how the results of such analyses might contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of conflicts not only in linguistics, but also in the interdisciplinary domain of peace and conflict studies.
The Role of the Law of Communication in Romania - A Brief Presentation
Diana Petrescu
Connecting Stories: Telecommunication Brands, their Narratives and the Paradigm in Mobile Phone Advertising (PDF)
Paul Springer, Mădălina Moraru (Buga)
Abstract: This paper considers the narratives in mobile phone commercials during a period of unprecedented market expansion. How was the fastest growing global sector in 2012 sold to consumers in different countries and cultures, and how have mobile brands, that differentiate themselves on service personality, conveyed their uniqueness within different global markets? The following research identifies regional characteristics in genres of mobile telecommunications advertising, including motivations and modes of address deployed for different geographic territories. By tracking narrative patterns through a significant sample of mobile commercials we have chartered the variety of message types, identified how brands have used localised customer insights and adjusted to regional variations. Conclusions highlight storytelling techniques used within glocal creative strategies of multinational campaigns, plus the nuances and patterns of targeted and generic campaigns.
The Media as a Tool for Creating Political Subordination in President Putin's Russia (PDF)
Dmitry L. Strovsky
Abstract: The development of the contemporary Russian media causes great concern. This relates, first of all, to the level of objectivity of information on the most pivotal issues of the day. The reduction in its quality, following the media coverage of the most pivotal issues in international and domestic politics, seems to have been extraordinary since 2000, after Russian President Vladimir Putin's coming to power. Except for purely political and economic changes that occurred in the country over the last 15 years, the past period was marked by the transformation of the media leading to a specific situation in which journalists seem to be unable to properly fulfill their professional duties. It concerns the whole spectrum of issues being covered by the Russian media following specific relationships between politics and the media in Russia. The author reviews the main tendencies relating to this topic, together with the media content promoted in existing conditions and aims to distinguish the main trends in the evolution of the modern media, together with Putin's decisions securing political partisanship of mass information.
An Analytical Model of Language Adaptation in Religious Texts. An Outline Proposal (PDF)
Wiesław Szałaj
Abstract: In the article, I present a four-parameter model of meaning analysis in adaptive speech acts (ASAs). The model is used, as an analytical tool, to identify the adaptive power hidden in the language expressions in a given field of culture (extracted by definition). As an example, I have chosen religion as a field of culture and the books of the New Testament as sets of language expressions to find their adaptive possibilities. The model is based on Piaget"s (1965) adaptation by assimilation and accommodation, Maslow"s (1943) adaptation through physiological limitations, and Duranti"s (1999) intermediary adaptation. To implement these adaptive theories, I use Saussure"s (1959) structural definition of language, Halliday"s (1973) functional definition of language, Searle"s (1969) speech acts, and Szałaj"s (2014) adaptive hypothesis of language and culture.
City Brand Building in Social Media (Official Profile of Poznan on FACEBOOK) (PDF)
Urszula Wich-Szymczak
Abstract: The article focuses on a research on two areas of image building. The first is describing general thoughts about city brand building and current trends in this area. There are taken into consideration issues such as city marketing goals, history, identity, impact of city identity on its image, what city identity is exactly and who creates it. Then city is shown as a special, unusual product to be promoted. Then the author tries to answer the question what to do to make the city brand visible in the consumers' minds nowadays? How to exist in virtual reality without visual identification? Next step is to show how to create a good sign of the city and what should it provide? It is said how the city communicates with clients using visual identification - it is as important as the quality of services, as available portfolio, or mission of the company where the consumer operates on a rational level. In the case of the logo it may affect at an emotional level. Positive image will also build a good relationship with the proximal and distal environment, which in turn can lead to a better product position in comparison to those of the same price range. In this part of article it is clarified why the sign of the city of Poznan has been changed. The second area of interest is cumulated around the image building on the official Facebook profile of City of Poznan. They are a platform for the opinion exchange, and consequently, the citizens' creation.


The Abortioneers: Say It Loud and Proud!
"Oh my, I should have covered his (my child's) ears."
"So what do you think about health care reform?"
"You really aren't doing anything with your degree, are you?"
I have met a few people with varying levels of comfort with abortion, and this isn't everyone, only the ones that stuck out to me. One response includes a long explanation of why the person's mother, an OB/GYN, does not provide abortions. As the Xmas season comes around, I have to consider: will I continue to be myself? Will I tell people exactly where I work?
Each day I feel surer about my line of work. I recently went through a procedure from start to finish as a patient advocate. I am considering getting more involved in clinical aspects and enrolling in a pre-med or nursing program. However, I still feel apprehensive about telling people where I work. When I saw that anti-abortion "WANTED" posters were popping up again it only made me more apprehensive. I'm not ashamed, but I do fear other people's radicalism. It gets pretty serious for some folks.
I love the name of this blog and I intend to keep finding a balance when it comes to "outing" myself as an abortioneer. I wish we lived in a world that understood abortion is a simple medical procedure.


This site is the Bureau of Audiovisual and Music Industry Development,Ministry of Culture grants.
This collection boasts children's music created by the cooperative efforts of musicians, children's literature authors, illustrators and children's programming hosts, who have received awards and are well-spoken of on both local and international levels. It is a rich collection of prenatal education and educational nursery rhymes for children from ages 0-12. The types of music range from classical to innovative songs for infants and from cartoon theme songs to ocarina nursery rhymes that come from around the world. There are also live recordings which incorporate musical arrangements from other countries with nature music from Taiwan.


text:
In the first round of the Australian Government's highly competitive Building Better Regions Fund, support from RDA Murraylands and Riverland saw more than half of South Australia's infrastructure funding come to three projects in the region.
One of those projects was by Riverland Field Days Inc., which won a $400,000 grant towards the construction of a new events pavilion at the Riverland Exhibition Centre.
Site works have already started. The project will include a commercial kitchen that can be used by small food businesses, and an auditorium that can seat 300 people for functions, festivals, product launches and training programs.
Tim Grieger of Riverland Field Days Inc. says that the new facility will "attract new events and activities to the region, which will bring in new wealth and create jobs on an ongoing basis."
RDAMR assisted Riverland Field Days Inc. throughout the application process.
At the first meeting, they mapped out a course of action to meet each of the selection criteria, highlighting particular strengths and potential weaknesses of the submission, and areas to concentrate on.
Says Tim, "the support from RDAMR was pivotal in firstly understanding the criteria… and secondly in learning what supporting information was necessary to demonstrate what the project means and how it will be of value to the region."
"The single clear message from RDAMR was that the Fund was seeking projects that would support the creation of jobs, jobs, and jobs – ongoing for the region," says Tim.
"That message became top of my mind in everything that I worked on in the application – and not just that, in how we would use the project to achieve that for the region."
The RDA can help all local businesses, individuals, and industry and community groups who are seeking grant funding.
This service is vital not just for attracting government funding to the region, but also for promoting standout projects, business ideas and events to leading government agencies.
Assistance can include promoting a grant program to local organisations, helping them to understand the selection criteria, reviewing an application to make sure it hits the mark, and providing a letter of support.
For the Australian Government's Building Better Regions Fund, RDAMR and AusIndustry coordinated an information session at the Berri Town Hall.
Each applicant had an initial one-onone coaching session with RDAMR, and a final peer review to ensure their application met the criteria.
Regional Development Manager – Capability, Bruce Mellett, says "RDAMR was delighted that 15 of the 20 applications from this region made it to the short listing."
The process was highly competitive, with almost 400 applications submitted from across the country. "To have more than half of the state's funding come to our region in three major projects underscores the heavy lifting RDAMR did at the initial phase and then through the submission process."
"It was also heartening that many organisations saw this Building Better Regions Fund application process as a stepping stone to future grant applications, taking a longer-term view of the whole process, rather than seeing it as a one-off scenario."
The other successful infrastructure projects in the first round of the Fund were a facilities upgrade on the Murray River Maritime Trail, by Mid Murray Council, and new Fitness for Horticulture recreation facilities in Loxton, by the District Council of Loxton Waikerie.
The region also had success in the community investments stream, with Destination Riverland and the National Trust of South Australia receiving funding.
Round two of the Building Better Regions Fund is expected to open by the end of the year. To prepare, RDAMR will be holding a Grant Writing Workshop in November.
"To have more than half of the state's funding come to our region in three major projects underscores the heavy lifting RDAMR did at the initial phase and then through the submission process."
Expression of interest for Riverland producers RDAMR in conjunction with Renmark High School are seeking expressions of interest from Riverland Horticulturalists or food producers to…
Celebrating pride in provenance, at home and across borders Spurred on by the growing Farm to Fork network – including a drive to familiarise chefs,…
50,000 readers encouraged to put the Murray on their table RDA Murraylands and Riverland recently secured two double page spreads in the annual SA Life…
When your farm is already a dream destination, why not share it? For those unfamiliar with the concept of agritourism, it can be surprising to…
A new career from Sandy Mac's heart of gold Now in its second year, RDA's multi-award-winning MFA Jobs 4 Murraylands program aims to bridge the…
Experts return to Loxton with value-adding insights Now a veteran of the Experts in Residents program, South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI) Food Technology…
A star employee quickly connected When a vacancy emerged at Coorong Realty, a brief conversation between owner Kerry Simcock and Regional Development Manager, Vanessa Liebelt…
Regional networks the key to Career Connections In August, RDA Murraylands and Riverland launched Career Connections, an independently-run reboot of what was the Career Development…
Two emerging businesses recognised in the 2018 Regional Showcase Little Local Co and Ryde Clothing battled it out for the top spot among fifteen People's…
New rowing facilities on the horizon Strong community support, ideal geographic conditions and a proud history of supporting elite athletes has helped Murray Bridge Rowing…
Juggling working on your business and in it As part of an ongoing partnership with the South Australian Tourism Industry Council, the Murray River, Lakes…
Help keep our area fruit fly free South Australia acts like an inland pest free island – the barrier between Mediterranean fruit fly in the…
Chef Exchange serves up a winning recipe to entice Chinese tourists A South Australian coalition has teamed up to help Chinese tourists identify the Murraylands…
NEW SERVICE TO KICKSTART REGIONAL CAREERS Career Connections is an independently run initiative of Regional Development Australia Murraylands and Riverland (RDAMR). Formerly known as the…
NEW SERVICE TO KICKSTART REGIONAL CAREERS August, 2018 A new service being launched in the region this month will help local people improve their job…
Launch of the River Tastes Food and Beverage Trail Regional Development Australia Murraylands and Riverland together with Destination Riverland and Riverland Wine have officially launched the…
From Mannum to Murray Bridge and Hindmarsh Island to Tintinara, a new user-friendly map highlighting the best of the Murray River, Lakes and Coorong is now available…
A three-year entrepreneurship incubation program connected Riverland business mentors with senior school students to develop ideas that tackled real-world issues. Now those mentors are keen to share…
Although she doesn't think of herself as a leader, at 22 years old Abbey Richards is already running a successful business in Renmark and is gaining a reputation…
With the introduction of the National Disability Insurance Scheme, or NDIS, there is an estimated $40 million of extra funding available to assist people with disability in the…
Jo Podoliak, CEO of RDA Murraylands and Riverland, presented an Australia China Business Council report to over 200 guests last December, on what South Australia's agribusiness industry can…
Sam Marwood, co-founder of Cultivate Farms, is on a mission to make it possible for anyone to own a farm. Sam isn't suggesting you sit around waiting…
Following the disastrous fire at Thomas Foods International in January this year, RDA Murraylands and Riverland jumped in to help displaced workers to find new…
In choosing his year 12 research project, Renmark High School graduate Sukraj Singh "wanted it to be easy and to get a good grade," so…
Peter Wadewitz is a world leader in waste management, and exports BiobiNs across Australia and globally. He chats to us about the benefits of moving…
RDA Murraylands and Riverland launched the Experts in Residence program last year, at the Loxton Research Centre where producers and researchers meet to tackle problems…
In excellent news for travellers, Amy and Neil Chinsami will soon open the doors of their second Little Local Co café in Tailem Bend, this time on the highway, offering meals as…
A new business to business (B2B) initiative was launched on 2 May by RDA Murraylands and Riverland. The program connects local SMEs to professional service…
Free help is available at our Career Development Centres – for underemployed and unemployed people, those facing redundancy or retrenchment, school leavers, people looking to…
An innovative partnership to prepare job seekers for employment in the food industry has garnered major acclaim in recent months, winning three awards from the…
Since starting Ryde Clothing, Nathan Woodrow has achieved hundreds of online sales, formed a charity partnership, and won the attention of the surf culture crowd.…
For three weeks in July, small food producers from the Murraylands and Riverland showcased their wares at the Producers in Residence stall at Adelaide's Central…
People in the region's food, beverage and agribusiness industry now have an avenue to share their produce, as well as their experiences, challenges and successes working…
Up-to-date, credible demographic and economic analysis on the Murraylands and Riverland region is available free of charge online, and our businesses and councils are using…
In the first round of the Australian Government's highly competitive Building Better Regions Fund, support from RDA Murraylands and Riverland saw more than half of…
Using new skills and connections obtained through RDA Murraylands and Riverland's pilot Export Development Program, Brayfield Park Lavender Farm is planning a major expansion in…
RDA Murraylands and Riverland has secured the contract to be the NDIS hub for the region, and is helping job seekers and businesses in the…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Day of Solidarity event at HSU
The events include yoga, free massages and free food
Photos & Story by: Morgan Brizee
The gloomy, dark, wet and cold weather on Friday Jan. 20 was showing what most Humboldt State students were feeling on the inside after the inauguration of President Donald Trump.
Throughout the day, HSU held events for students and the entire community to join in on to help lift spirits on a day that, for most people, was a depressing one. It started at 1 p.m. in the Kate Buchanan Room with free massages, cookies and brownies, yoga, and crafts.
Celeste Robertson is the Educational Opportunity Program Adviser and the coordinator of the Day of Solidarity events.
Nicole Raisola a senior and botany major having some fun by playing in the blow up ball pit.
"I hope this will open up doors so people can talk and exchange ideas without getting angry, without trying to retaliate in anyway," Robertson said. "This is going to hopefully relax people and get them in a joyful mood."
The EOP was not the only program that took part in the event, Check It, HSU Dining Services, and Peer Health Educators were also at the event helping out and tabling. The event had tables for fun with bath salts, face masks and making your own buttons. Additionally there were tables to get your feelings out with letters of support and coloring.
Ani Glenn is a senior and critical race, gender and sexuality studies major who helped out at the event as a student assistant for Peer Health Educators at the letters of support table.
"We need to be taking care of ourselves right now and self care is extremely important especially during a time where a lot of people do feel threatened in many ways," Glenn said. "It's always really cool to be apart of these events and see the different types of people that come through."
The common reason that people came to the first event was that they were trying to be uplifted and uplift others during a somber time while trying to keep their hopes high for the future. The blow-up ball pit at the event seemed to be something most students thought was fun. Students were throwing themselves in the pit and bringing out their inner child by throwing balls up in the air and rolling around.
"It[the Solidarity Day event] definitely lifts my spirits because I definitely was not looking forward to today," Nicole Raisola, a senior sociology major said. "I am also trying to go to the Women's March tomorrow as well."
The waiting list to get a free massage was quick to fill up as that was one of the popular attractions at the event. During the event students sat in massage chairs to have their backs and necks worked on by professional masseuses.
The Solidarity Day event in the KBR brought smiles to students faces and distracted the attention away from a day that was grey for most. The event had free giveaways and attractions for anyone and everybody to join in on.
Alexis Arancbia, a senior and sociology major, was giving away free face masks from the Peer Health Educators.
"I feels awesome, I feel like it's a really great thing to offer to students comfort wise," Arancbia said. "It's a good place for students to come if they're feeling uncomfortable or sad today."
Tags: ballpit, event, HSU, solidarity, Trump


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Remembering a moment of magic one year ago in downtown Tallahassee | Opinion
Philip Wilcox
On a wintry evening during dinnertime last December, I abruptly dropped my fork, and sat quietly and listened. As a resident then living in a downtown Tallahassee high rise, nights were mostly quiet, and had been especially so that year.
It had been an arduous and frightening several months during the COVID-19 lockdowns of 2020. It started in the early Spring with the first reports of a coming pandemic, which I do not need to explain now because you already know what happened next. The lockdown of 2020 took us all by surprise, and none of us were fully prepared for it.
My lifelong partner and I had signed a contract to build a home in a new community in the weeks prior, and our current home sold quickly, and we had no place to go in the interim for the year it would take to complete our new home construction; and so we took a lease on a downtown condominium seven floors above Kleman Plaza.
While I could write an entire diatribe of the months we spent downtown in the isolation of the lockdown, and the ways in which we entertained each other and kept ourselves fit by walking the lonely streets of downtown and the empty college campus, I would rather report on the sound that lifted into the night and drifted outside our balcony and ultimately led me to drop my dinner fork, and head straight downstairs.
The orchestral sounds of the season were spell bounding; and drew me in and toward it like steel to a magnet. With each step uphill College Avenue, my heart pounded. And what I found in that moment as I turned the corner at Adams and Park was the most beautiful sight I had seen in many months of isolation. Crowds gathered in folding chairs spaced safely a distance apart, as we had all been advised to do, scattered under the glowing lights strung in the heritage oaks that line the park outside the First Baptist Church.
Yes, in the darkness of the pandemic era and the looming days of Christmas, a church choir and orchestra performed outdoors.
Dedicated and caring members of the church were out in mass. Not only performing beautiful Christmas carols and hymns, but also staging a live nativity scene complete with live animals and period swaddling clothes and a manger. A glorious celebration of the birth of Jesus in the heart of downtown, in the middle of an earth altering pandemic…sounds of joy, and hope, and the promise of a better tomorrow. And all outdoors and safely spaced so everyone was apart, but together.
As I sat on a curbside between the chairs of onlookers, and as I watched the parade of the nativity…of Joseph and Mary on the back of a live donkey, and as they traveled slowly and reverently toward the manger, I wept.
I felt a flood of emotions that night. The heartache for the families torn apart by the sickness and even death from the pandemic; the struggling of those medical workers and hospital teams treating the sick; the questions about treatments and the hope of a vaccine one day; the lost wages from workers in jobs halted by the pandemic; of families not able to greet each other at Christmas. The sadness of isolation and a world lived mostly apart and in the dark.
The joyous sound of "Come and Worship the Newborn King" could not have come at a better time for me, or for the citizens of this great city.
Tallahassee needed something desperately at that time to feel the joy of Christmas, to feel alive again, to feel less isolated and alone. Something that makes you drop the dinner fork midstream, and get up and leave the table, and follow, and never look back. And never forget.
Philip Wilcox is a retired State of Florida employee.
Send letters to the editor (up to 200 words) or Your Turn columns (about 500 words) to letters@tallahassee.com. Please include your address for verification purposes only, and if you send a Your Turn, also include a photo and 1-2 line bio of yourself. You can also submit anonymous Zing!s at Tallahassee.com/Zing. Submissions are published on a space-available basis. All submissions may be edited for content, clarity and length, and may also be published by any part of the USA TODAY NETWORK.


text:
Reduction of the Cardiotoxicity of Doxorubicin in Rabbits and Dogs by Encapsulation in Long-Circulating, Pegylated Liposomes
Peter K. Working, Mary S. Newman, Timothy Sullivan and John Yarrington
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics May 1999, 289 (2) 1128-1133;
Peter K. Working
Mary S. Newman
John Yarrington
The relative cardiotoxicity of pegylated (STEALTH) liposomal doxorubicin (PL-DOX; Doxil) was compared to nonliposomal doxorubicin (Adriamycin) in rabbits and dogs treated i.v. for up to 22 weeks. No histological evidence of cardiotoxicity was seen in dogs treated with placebo liposomes or PL-DOX every 3 weeks for a total of 10 doses (cumulative doxorubicin dose = 10 mg/kg) either 1 or 5 weeks post-treatment. All dogs treated with the same cumulative dose of free doxorubicin showed marked cardiotoxicity (vacuolization and myofibrillar loss in the myocardium) at both time points. In rabbits, progressive cardiomyopathy was seen in both treatment groups, but was more frequent and severe with free doxorubicin (67% of doxorubicin-treated rabbits, cumulative dose = 12 to 14 mg/kg versus 16% of PL-DOX-treated animals, cumulative dose = 14 to 21 mg/kg). Five doxorubicin-treated rabbits died of congestive heart failure or with histologic evidence of cardiotoxicity (median severity score = 6). No PL-DOX-treated rabbits died of congestive heart failure, although two animals that died early showed microscopic evidence of mild cardiotoxicity (median severity score = 2.5). Cardiotoxicity increased during the post-treatment period in both treatment groups. Rabbits received up to 50% more PL-DOX with no increase in cardiotoxicity. Thus, results in two species demonstrate that the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin is significantly decreased when administered as PL-DOX. Significantly more PL-DOX can be given without incurring an increased risk of cardiomyopathy. Recent clinical studies have confirmed that PL-DOX is also less cardiotoxic than the same dose of unencapsulated doxorubicin in humans.
Send reprint requests to: Dr. Peter K. Working, Ph.D., Alza Corporation, 1010 Joaquin Rd., P.O. Box 7210, Mountain View, CA 94039-7210. E-mail: peter.working{at}alza.com
PL-DOX
pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil)
area under the curve
Received September 28, 1998.
You are going to email the following Reduction of the Cardiotoxicity of Doxorubicin in Rabbits and Dogs by Encapsulation in Long-Circulating, Pegylated Liposomes
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics May 1, 1999, 289 (2) 1128-1133;


Mike used to write for UK site Punktastic.
He now writes for the good folks at Dying Scene.
He's been in various bands, past and present.
He supports Crystal Palace FC.
Spanish Love Songs release video for "Losers"
Ravenna release video for "My Hero"
Nails release video for new track "I Don't Want To Know You"
Chief State (pop-punk) release video for new single "I'll Be A Mess Without You"
Album Review: Traits - "Limits"


text:
Dewey Pegno & Kramarsky llp
NYLJ "Physical Places or Online Spaces? EDNY Considers Application of ADA to 'Intangible Spaces'"
By Steve Kramarsky & Jack Millson
Readers of this column are familiar with some of the challenges that arise when courts have to apply "traditional" language, particularly narrow statutory language, to new paradigms created by the Internet. Some of the most complex of those challenges arise when the statutory language is spatial—when it asks "where" some virtual action took place or some digital asset is located. If a consumer in Minnesota buys a product from a website run by a company incorporated in Delaware whose retail space is in New York, but whose server is hosted in the Philippines, where was the purchase made? When a user accesses information from their computer at work, does that action occur at their place of work, or at the location of the cloud server where the information is stored? Courts work through these kinds of issues every day to resolve threshold questions of jurisdiction and standing, and a body of guidelines and rules has arisen over time to guide that analysis.
Recently, however, a more fundamental question has appeared in the debate. Should the law regard the Internet—or more specifically social media and the other parts of the Internet devoted to public discussion and comment—as a "public space" with all of the protections the law and the Constitution traditionally afford those spaces? That question has extremely important implications for many businesses, in particular social media companies. First Amendment issues regarding the regulation of these platforms, and the immunity they enjoy as publishers under §230 of the Communications Decency Act, have become politically charged and have been widely reported. But the underlying question of whether it is appropriate to treat these virtual soapboxes the same way we treat the physical public square, strictly as a legal matter, is sometimes overlooked.
To be sure, there are similarities: Facebook and Twitter are, for billions of people, their primary source for social engagement, political debate, discussion and news. While these services are highly distributed and lack any physical presence mimicking the traditional "public square," the character of the speech seems no different, whatever view one may have about the informational content. So, the question remains: When does the lack of a traditional "physical" location matter to the inquiry?
A recent case from the Eastern District of New York grappled with just that question in a different context. Does a place of "public accommodation" under the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) require a "physical place"? The court, as have others before it, had to grapple with application of a statute drafted before the modern Internet to a rapidly evolved (and evolving) digital landscape. The case is Winegard v. Newsday and it is worth a review. 2021 WL 3617522 (E.D.N.Y. Aug. 16, 2021).
This article first appeared in the New York Law Journal on September 21, 2021. Stephen M. Kramarsky, a member of Dewey Pegno & Kramarsky, focuses on complex commercial and intellectual property litigation. Jack Millson is an associate at the firm.
NYLJ "Court Reviews Fair Use Protection for Publishers Embedding Social Media Posts"
Dewey Pegno & Kramarsky / Emily M. Glavin joins the firm
NYLJ "Thumbs Up or Thumbs Down: New York Court Analyzes Meaning and Impact of Emoji..."
DPK in the News/ Best Law Firm
NYLJ "No Breach of Settlement Agreement Where Conduct Not Prohibited by Non-Disparagement Clause"
Dewey Pegno & Kramarsky / Christine Kim joins the firm
DPK Partners Recognized by Super Lawyers
NYLJ "When 'Following' Doesn't Make You a 'Follower'"
Dewey Pegno & Kramarsky / Q&A with Associate Ed Lee
NYLJ "Trademarks and the Digital Storefront: SDNY Analyzes Likelihood of Confusion in Search Ads"
© 2023 Dewey Pegno & Kramarsky LLP
In some jurisdictions, this may be considered attorney advertising.


How will my workflow interact with any messages I've sent in the past?
Marketing automation cannot work backward. All must proceed "forward" and will not apply to past actions. You cannot track if someone has clicked a link specified in a workflow, if they clicked that link before the workflow was turned ON.


Helen Graham is Professor of Spanish History at Royal Holloway, University of London. She has published widely on the Spanish left in the 1930s and is the author of The Spanish Republic at War 1936-1939 (Cambridge University, 2002), a major re-assessment of the left during the civil war. She is currently researching Spanish prisons in the 1940s as part of a social history of early Francoism. She also co-edited (with Jo Labanyi) and contributed to SpanishCultural Studies: An Introduction (Oxford University Press, 1996).


Austrian singer Conchita Wurst has likened herself to 'Hulk Hogan' after dying her hair platinum.
Conchita – real name Thomas Neuwirth – rose to fame after winning the 2014 Eurovision Song Contest for Austria with the song, Rise Like a Phoenix.
Having had long, dark hair for some time now, this new, blonde transformation is rather drastic, but rather fabulous.
The 29-year-old, who was recently a guest at the 25th annual Life Ball – which raises funds for HIV and AIDs projects – showed off the new look on Instagram.
The post has had more than 27,000 likes, with fans branding her the 'queen of fabulous'.
In April, Conchita was forced to reveal she was HIV-positive, telling the media and her fans she had intended to keep it private, but an ex-boyfriend had 'threatened to go public'.
Today is the day to free me from the sword of Damocles for the rest of my life: I have been HIV-positive for many years.
This is actually irrelevant to the public, but an ex-boyfriend threatens me to go public with this private information, and I will not give anyone the right to frighten me and influence my life in the future.
Since I received the diagnosis, I am in medical treatment, and for many years without interruption under the detection limit, so that so not able to pass on the virus.
I did not want to go public with it for a couple of reasons so far, I just want to mention two of them here: the most important one was my family, which has known and supported me unconditionally since day one.
I would have gladly spared you the attention of the HIV status of your son, grandson and brother. Likewise, my friends have been aware of this for quite some time and deal with it in an unbiased way that I would like to wish for everyone and everyone concerned.
Secondly, it is an information that I believe is mainly relevant to those people with whom sexual contact is an option. Coming out is better than being outed by third.
I hope to build up courage and take another step against the stigmatisation of people who have become infected by HIV, either through their own behaviour or through no fault of their own.
Conchita performed a number of hits including Big Spender and Son Of A Preacher Man, alongside a 60-piece BBC Concert Orchestra at the London Palladium just last month.
Everything went so well, all over. There was no huge fail. I'm still so excited and buzzing about it. That's a really new feeling to me because normally, when I walk off stage, I'm never pleased with myself.
I mean, I would really rip myself apart and destroy the whole vibe. I feel I need to prove myself each and every time [because] I'm a drag act.
It's easy to say, 'This is just a joke.' You know, the bearded lady? And I feel the need to smash it with every performance just because I want to be clear this is not a joke.


While the railways backdrop of country trains occasionally rumbling by, may not be for everyone, it adds a certain nostalgic feel of days gone by and there is much history associated with the railway siding which you can read all about in the guest compendium at the property. You or some of your guests may even like to consider arriving for your stay by train practically stepping off the platform and a short stones throw onto the front verandah!
This extremely interesting property has seen various upgrades over the years making it a superb and quaint place to stay. It is a classic weatherboard cottage retaining a lot of its original features; high ceilings, internal lining boards and timber flooring, updated (but not new or modern) bath room with separate toilet and electric kitchen. Construction is Western Red Cedar with an iron roof and wide Jarrah and Kauri Pine floor boards. The furnishing and decorating is all very sympathetic and comfortable. The house is warm and cosy in winter.
Fantastic stable style door in master bedroom great in summer!
The biggest surprise is out the back a large wood lined shed with polished concrete floors set up as a games room and additional comfortable lounge area. It has a northern wall of glass-sliding doors, creating a beautiful warm sun-trap for breakfast or morning tea and providing a great outlook over a large fully fenced garden and beyond to the beautiful trees of the village as the occasional train rumbles by.
Great location. Easy access to other areas to visit. Thought has gone into the little things like home, couldve stayed longer. Thank you again for letting us stay.
"Great setting. Shed is wonderful. House has a great kitchen set up. Excellent location, would definitely stay again."
"Lovey cosy cottage with enough space for a big family to spread out. Loved the character of the cottage & furnishings. Great position for easy access to everything in the Southern Highlands."
"Station Masters Cottageis a step back in time. It has been beautifully decorated with rustic furniture and a working piano. Loved the simplicity. Really relaxed."
"Jane and the team at The Holiday Rental Specialists have been fantastic in getting us set up and underway in the rental of our cottage at Exeter. Every detail has been looked after; the booking process, cleaning and presentation of the cottage, monthly statements and payments, and feedback and follow-up have all been first class and has meant it has been an entirely stress-free exercise for us. We're grateful for the highly professional and efficient service we have recieved and look forward to an ongoing successful arrangement with Jane and the team."
"We loved staying at the Station Masters Cottage. It gave us the opportunity to disconnect from the 'busyness' of life and relax. Thanks so much for having us stay. We loved our week here!"
Great setting. Shed is wonderful. House has a great kitchen set up. Excellent location, would definitely stay again.
Great location. Easy access to other areas to visit. Thought has gone into the little things like home, could've stayed longer. Thank you again for letting us stay.
Station Masters House is a step back in time. It has been beautifully decorated with rustic furniture and working piano. Loved the simplicity. Really relaxed.
We loved staying at the Station Masters Cottage. It gave us the opportunity to disconnect from the 'busyness' of life and relax. Thanks so much for having us stay. We loved our week here!


PROPERTY DESCRIPTION Approximately 18 acres located within River Cove Landings on the north side of West Fort Island Trail in Crystal River, Florida. The property is planned for 33 lots with sewer, water and roads in place. This is an opportunity to develop the remaining acreage within River Cove Landings into single family homes, several "estate lots" or one large riverside compound with views of the beautiful Crystal River, dock access and a boat slip. River Cove Landings provides gated access with well kept landscaping, a pool and tennis courts. Fort Island Trail Park is immediately to the west and provides additional access to the river via boat ramps and a fishing pier. There are several other boat ramps and marinas in close proximity from which one can launch or store a boat. Less than a ten minute drive to Fort Island Beach, Three Sisters Spring, and the nearest grocery (Winn Dixie).
Crystal River is at the heart of the Nature Coast of Florida and offers proximity to St. Petersburg/Clearwater, Tampa and Orlando. Over 150,000 people per year visit the area to enjoy it's wildlife, sport fishing and beautiful scenery. Tourism generates approximately twenty to thirty million dollars of economic impact for the area each year. The Crystal River is a six mile long, winding waterway that is fed by 30 freshwater springs. During the winter months, over four hundred manatees flock to the river to seek refuge from the cooler Gulf waters.
PROPERTY SIZE 18.02 Acres planned for up to 33 single family lots.
ZONING CLR (Coastal and Lakes Residential) - Per the previous development plan, density may not exceed 2.25 units per acre. There are 33 units of density remaining of the 78 units previously approved.


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Assistant Professor in the areas of power electronics, electrical power
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Uvic
Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2
The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, invites applications for the position of Assistant Professor with eligibility for tenure in the areas of power electronics, electrical power systems, renewable energy systems, and/or electrical machines and drives. The anticipated start date is July 1, 2022.
Applicants must have an earned PhD in Electrical and Computer Engineering or a related discipline at the time of appointment. Successful candidates are expected to lead an independent research program of international calibre and to teach both at the undergraduate and graduate levels. The successful candidate will also actively participate in outreach and recruitment of undergraduate students. Candidates should have demonstrated excellence in research and teaching. Excellence in research is evidenced by peer-reviewed publications/contributions of high impact and strong endorsements by referees of international standing. Excellence in teaching will be demonstrated by communications skills, a statement on teaching submitted as part of the application, recommendation letters and a sample lecture delivered during the on-site interview. Qualified applicants will have:
Demonstrated experimental research expertise in power electronics, electrical power systems, renewable energy systems, or electrical machines and drives.
Demonstrated ability to effectively teach courses in power electronics, electrical power systems, renewable energy systems, electrical machines and drives as well as other fundamental courses in electrical engineering.
Demonstrated ability to teach to a diverse student body with a range of perspectives, experiences, and cultures.
A strong research record as evidenced by peer reviewed publications/contributions. This research should demonstrate meaningful, respectful engagement with outside communities of interest, including industry.
Professional Engineering (P.Eng.) registration in the province of British Columbia or eligibility to register is a necessary condition for the appointment. Please clearly indicate your status or eligibility.
The University of Victoria is consistently ranked in the top tier of Canada's research-intensive universities. Vital impact drives the UVic sense of purpose. As an internationally renowned teaching and research hub, we tackle essential issues that matter to people, places and the planet. Situated in the Pacific Rim, our location breeds a profound passion for exploration. Defined by its edges, this extraordinary environment inspires us to defy boundaries, discover, and innovate in exciting ways. It's different here, naturally and by design. We live, learn, work and explore on the edge of what's next—for our planet and its peoples. Our commitment to research-inspired dynamic learning and vital impact make this Canada's most extraordinary environment for discovery and innovation. Experience the edge of possibilities for yourself.
The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering has 31 faculty members with internationally recognized research and teaching programs. Six of our faculty members are IEEE Fellows, three are Fellows of the Canadian Academy of Engineering, and four are fellows of the Engineering Institute of Canada.
More information on the Department can be found at https://www.uvic.ca/engineering/ece/index.php. Applicants should submit their CV; letter of application; teaching statement; teaching dossier; statement of diversity knowledge, experience, and skills; statement of research interests; statement of 3 most significant contributions; and electronic mail addresses and fax numbers of three referees.Applications should be submitted to https://academicjobsonline.org/ajo/jobs/20665. Please note you are asked to upload your CV and other personal information to the service, which is provided for the convenience of you and your referees. The service stores its data on servers located outside of Canada; the data is therefore not in the custody or under the control of the University of Victoria. You may wish to review the privacy statement on http://academicjobsonline.org/ajo. If you do not wish to use this service, please email eceasst@uvic.ca to request application submission instructions.
The closing date for applications is February 28, 2022.
If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact us.
Michael McGuire, Acting Chair
P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC
Victoria, B.C. V8W 2Y2
E-mail:ecechair@uvic.ca
Web: https://www.uvic.ca/engineering/ece/index.php
Faculty and Librarians at the University of Victoria are governed by the provisions of the Collective Agreement. Members are represented by the University of Victoria Faculty Association (http://www.uvicfa.ca).
Please note that reference and background checks including credential and degree verification, may be undertaken as part of this recruitment process.
Please note that reference and background checks, including credential and degree verification, may be undertaken as part of this recruitment process.
UVic is committed to upholding the values of equity, diversity, and inclusion in our living, learning and work environments. In pursuit of our values, we seek members who will work respectfully and constructively with differences and across levels of power. We actively encourage applications from members of groups experiencing barriers to equity. Read our full equity statement here: https://www.uvic.ca/equitystatement.
The University of Victoria Campus is located on the traditional lands of the Coast Salish Peoples and we are privileged to do our work in a way that is inspired by their history, customs and culture.
Persons who anticipate needing accommodations for any part of the application and hiring process may contact the Faculty Relations and Academic Administration in the Office of the VP Academic and Provost at FRrecruit@uvic.ca. Any personal information provided will be maintained in confidence.
The University of Victoria acknowledges the potential impact that career interruptions can have on a candidate's record of research achievement and encourages applicants to explain in their application the impact that career interruptions may have had on their record of research achievement.
All qualified candidates are encouraged to apply; in accordance with Canadian immigration requirements, Canadians and permanent residents will be given priority. Please indicate in your application package if you are a Canadian citizen or permanent resident.
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3rd2019 - University Professor
Overall Rating: 3/199
Median Salary: $76,000


text:
Energetic Analysis of Poultry Processing Operations
Simeon Olatayo JEKAYINFA
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
jekaysol@yahoo.com
Energy audit of three poultry processing plants was conducted in southwestern Nigeria. The plants were grouped into three different categories based on their production capacities. The survey involved all the five easily defined unit operations utilized by the poultry processing industry and the experimental design allowed the energy consumed in each unit operation to be measured. The results of the audit revealed that scalding & defeathering is the most energy intensive unit operation in all the three plant categories, averagely accounting for about 44% of the total energy consumption in the processing plants. Other processing operations consuming energy in the following order are eviscerating (17.5%), slaughtering (17%), washing & chilling (16%) and packing (6%). The results of the study clearly indicated that the least mechanized of the plants consumed the highest energy (50.36 MJ) followed by the semi-mechanized plant (28.04 MJ) and the most mechanized plant (17.83 MJ). The energy audits have provided baseline information needed for carrying out budgeting, forecasting energy requirements and planning plant expansion in the poultry processing industries in the study area.
Poultry processing, energy requirement, unit operations, production capacity
Following the ban on the importation of poultry products by the Federal Government of Nigeria as policy measures to revive the economy and encourage the local poultry farmers, there has been an increase in the number of poultry processing plants in the country. A poultry processing plant is an integral part of an extensive poultry-farming venture comprising also the breeder flocks, hatchery, feed mill, broiler flocks and other related services. These areas of poultry business are mostly owned and controlled by a single organization. Poultry processing consists of five easily defined unit operations (Figure 1): slaughtering, scalding & defeathering, eviscerating, washing & chilling and packaging. All these process operations require energy in one form or the other, either as fossil fuel, electricity or human labour. Electricity is used for refrigeration, lighting, air conditioning and other mechanical drives. Fossil fuels are used for production of hot water for defeathering operation.
Figure 1. Flow diagram of poultry processing
The actual significance of energy costs in a particular processing industry is dependent on the type of products manufactured, the processing methods adopted and the relative price of energy. The primary objective of any energy management scheme is to minimize the energy cost component of the production costs, but not at the expense of product quality or higher overall costs (Miller, 1986). Energy is one of the largest components of the production cost and the efficiency of its use will often be compromised in favour of other equally important factors. The need for such great attention to energy management has been highlighted by several published surveys of energy use in agricultural processing operations. These include: palm kernel oil processing (Jekayinfa, 2004; Jekayinfa, & Bamgboye, 2004), cashew-nut processing (Jekayinfa, & Bamgboye, 2003; Jekayinfa, & Bamgboye, 2005), vegetable canneries (Vergara, Rao & Jordan, 1976), tobacco curing (Cundiff, & Dodd, 1981), rice processing (Ezeike, 1981; Verma, 2002), sunflower oil expression (Farsaie & Singh, 1985), milk processing (Harris, 1982; Elsy, 1980 & Wilhem, Suter & Brusewitz, 2004), poultry processing in USA (Whitehead & Shupe, 1979; Baughman & Parkhurst, 1977 & USDC, 1993).
Very few processing factories have any precise idea of the energy consumption of different production areas and in the absence of detailed internal monitoring; the energy efficiencies of different operations are also usually unknown. The knowledge of energy consumption in each unit operation of a production system is useful for determining high-energy consuming areas. These areas can only be identified by methodological energy analysis of all processing operations. Energy analysis allows the energy cost of existing process operations to be compared with that of new or modified production lines. It also enables a plant operator to compare his energy efficiency with that of a competitor or with that of another factory within the same company. Finally, the knowledge of energy consumption for each product in a factory is useful for several purposes such as budgeting, evaluation of energy consumption for a given product, forecasting energy requirement in a plant, and for planning plant expansion.
There is no known report in the literature on the energy requirements of poultry processing operations as practiced in Nigeria. Such information is vital so as to enable the management of this industry to develop strategies for better control of their production operations and modify areas of waste. It will also enable the management to properly appraise their energy consumption for effective planning of production network. The present study is to estimate energy requirement in the eight readily defined poultry processing operations as practiced in Nigeria. The study will provide an opportunity for having a reliable database concerning consumption of various types of energy by different users in poultry processing ventures. It will also provide a firm basis of identifying options for saving energy in poultry process operations.
The three poultry processing plants selected for case studies represent typical operations in the Southwestern part of Nigeria. The energy data collected do not however represent an industry average or normal. The characteristics of the three plant categories are discussed below:
Category 1: This is regarded as the small size plant that processes at a rate of 10,000-processed chicken per day.
Category II: This plant, categorized as a medium single-shift plant, has a production rate of 20,000 birds per day.
Category III: This is categorized as large plant with a production rate of 30,000 chickens per day.
The processing techniques and facilities of all the three plants differ, as do the type and make of equipment, and the degree of mechanization of operations.
Processing technology of poultry and methods of energy evaluation
Poultry undergoes some sequential processing operations, which convert it to the final primary product known as chicken. The sequence of poultry operations common in the three plants surveyed is outline in Figure 1. At each stage of the unit operations, some level of energy input is required in the form of electrical energy, thermal energy and human energy. The type and magnitude of the energy consumed is a function of the technology employed and the number of birds being processed. In order to quantify the energy demands of each unit operation, quantitative data on operating conditions would be required for each unit operation. Table 1 summarizes the production technologies under study in the three poultry processing plants.
Table 1. Measured parameters for evaluating energy input data in poultry processing plants
Slaughtering
· Electrical power, kW
· Fuel consumed, l
· Calorific value of fuel used, J/l
· Time taken for drying, h
· Number of persons involved in cleaning
Scalding & defeathering
· Time taken for soaked, h
· Number of persons involved in soaking or conditioning
Eviscerating
· Time taken for roasting, h
· Number of persons involved in roasting
Washing & chilling
· Time taken for shelling, h
· Number of persons involved in shelling
· Time taken for kernel separation, h
· Number of persons involved in separation
The types and magnitudes of the parameters required for the energy evaluation of each unit operation are presented in Table 2.
Ezeike (1981) and Jekayinfa and Bamgboye (2003, 2005) have used similar procedure in the energy audits of rice processing mills, palm-kernel oil mills and cashew-nut mills in Nigeria. The energy evaluation method for each unit operation follows:
The process of poultry processing begins by removing feeders the night before birds are to be dressed. This empties the gut and reduces fecal contamination if the intestines are cut during evisceration.
Table 2. Processing techniques at the three poultry processing plants
Equipment and principle adopted
Plant A
Plant B
Plant C
Slaughtering Manual killing
Manual with cone killing stand and stunner/sticking knife
Semi automated with stunner/sticking knife
Motorized with complete hanging/sticking/bleeding equipment comprising: loading bar, overhead conveyor for killing and bleeding out, shackles and bleeding trough
Manual with holding table, bowl, plucker feather bins and mobile racks
Semi automated incorporating a wet scald system with pin feathers remover and dry plucking machine
Motorized with flight feather remover, feather bins and pinning table or finisher
Evisceration
Manual with an over head rail, carousel or table
Manual with an overhead rail and carousel or table
Evisceration unit comprising conveyor line, shackles, evisceration trough and mobile offal track. Giblet processing unit and Gizzard skinner
Carcases are spray-washed and chilled rapidly before packaging
Semi automated with carcase washer and sink unit
Semi automated with ice tank or spiral washer chiller
Semi automated by over-wrapping and bag wrapping
Two main methods are employed; manual method and automated method. In the manual method, the bird is held in a small cloth bag that has a very small part of one corner cut off. The head and neck are thereafter drawn through the hole in the corner and the neck is cut through the earlobe from top to bottom with a swift from stroke of the knife. The automated method involves the use of a stunner/sticking knife. The energy consumed per 1000 birds is obtained from the expression.
Es = 3.6 [ks Ps ts + 0.075 Ns ts]
when electricity is used or
Es = WsCs + 3.6 [0.075 Ns ts]
when I.C. engine is used or
Es = 3.6 [ks Psts +0.075 Nssts] + WsCs
(1c)
when both electricity and I.C. engine are used or
Es = 3.6 [0.075 Ns ts]
when poultry processing is totally carried out manually; where 3.6 = Conversion factor (1 kWh = 3.6 MJ), and 0.075 = the average power of a normal human labour, kW.
Scalding and defeathering
The scald water is prepared at 138 - 140°F. In the manual method of scalding, the bird is held by the feet and its head is plunged first into the scald water. The bird is kept fully submerged in the scald water while it is worked up and down to get the water well under the feathers for about 1 - 3 minutes. The scalded bird is re hung or placed on a table top, where the main wing and tail feathers are pulled first. Thereafter the body feathers are plucked by pulling against the grain. This process required speed while the carcass is warm. To remove the pinfeathers, a table knife is employed. The automated method comprises an electric motor driving a shaft supported by a bearing assembly. The plucking head, driven by a belt, consists of a series of rotating plates held at an angle by a thrust plate at each end of the plate bearing. As the discs rotate they come together, drag in the feathers, grip them and pull them from the bird. As the discs continue to rotate, they separate, and release the feathers into a collection bag to the rear of the machine. The energy consumed for scalding & defeathering per 1000 birds is obtained from the expression:
Esd = 3.6 [ksd Psdtsd +0.075 Nsdtsd]
Esd = Wsd Csd + 3.6 [0.075 Nsd tsd]
Esd = 3.6 [ksd Psd tsd +0.075 Nsd tsd] + Wsd Csd
Esd = 3.6 [0.075 Nsd tsd]
when scalding & defeathering is totally carried out manually.
The carcass is hung by the feet and the defeathered bird is cut around the neck at the base of the head. The head is then twisted and pulled off and other internal organs removed. The automated method involves the use of machinery that is able to slit the necks, detaching from crop and depositing into evisceration through. It also involves: Cutting round vents and opening aperture, drawing out viscera but leaving it attached to the carcass, removing liver, hearts and gizzards and placing them in the appropriate giblet trays, detaching inedible offal and allowing it to fall into the evisceration trough.
The energy consumed for eviscerating 1000 birds is obtained from the expression:
Ee = 3.6 [ke Pe te +0.075 Ne te]
Ee = We Ce + 3.6 [0.075 Ne te]
Ee = 3.6 [ke Pe te +0.075 Ne te] + We Ce
Ec = 3.6 [0.075 Nc tc]
when is totally carried out manually.
A mechanized washing device followed eventually by chilling often complements a continuous flow process. Such devices are often motorized and consume energy for the period they are in operation whether motorized or otherwise, the energy component can be quantified by use of the expression:
Ewc = 3.6 [kwc Pwc twc +0.075 Nwc twc]
Ewc = Wwc Cwc + 3.6 [0.075 Nwc twc]
Ewc = 3.6 [kwc Pwc twc +0.075 Nwc twc] + Wwc Cwc
Ewc = 3.6 [0.075 Nwc twc]
when washing & chilling is totally carried out manually.
Another major source of energy consumption is the packaging of processed chicken before they are frozen or transported for sales. When mechanical packing device is utilized, either fuel or electrical energy is consumed. In plants where this operation is totally done manually, energy is also consumed. Thus the energy consumption for packing operation can be expressed as:
Ep = 3.6 [kp Pp tp +0.075 Np tp]
Ep = Wp Cp + 3.6 [0.075 Np tp]
Ep = 3.6 [kp Pp tp +0.075 Np tp] + Wp Cp
Ep = 3.6 [0.075 Np tp]
when poultry packing operation is totally carried out manually.
Total Energy Requirement
The total energy requirement for processing any quantity of poultry is the sum of the energy components involved in each process. Thus the total energy ET becomes:
ET = Es + Esd + Ee + Ewc + Ep
With eq 6, it is possible to determine the total energy consumed in the plant processing poultry at a given production rate.
The estimation of energy requirements in the 5 major unit operations of poultry processing involved the use of spreadsheet program on Microsoft Excel. This makes the computational procedure easy to follow by any plant operators desiring to compute the energy consumption pattern of their processing operations at any accounting period. The parameters (Table 2) contained in Eqs 1 - 6 were measured using the following assumptions.
· A motor efficiency of 75 per cent was assumed for all the motors used to compute the electrical inputs
· A value of 0.075kW was used to compute the human energy expenditure in all unit operations. This value represents the average power a normal human labour can supply in tropical climates (Megbowon & Adewunmi, 2002).
· Fuel energy and electrical energy were converted to common energy unit using conversion factor of 3.6 MJ/ kWh (Whitehead & Shupe, 1979).
All the mills selected were evaluated over the same period and seasons, and as a result, the error of seasonal changes was eliminated. No prior experimental conditions were used as data collection in each locality was done as the mills were in operation. All the mills were less than ten years old to ensure that they were within their useful years. The apparatus used for the study include:
· A stop watch for measuring production time
· A measuring cylinder for quantifying the amount of fuel consumed during each unit operation.
The error analysis was done using the following equation
error = (measured value - true value)/(true value)*100
Energy utilization (Table 3) among the plants with respect to the major unit operations was generally very similar with only some noticeable differences.
The portion of the total energy use required for slaughtering facilities averaged 16.97% (Figure 2).
Consumption of electrical energy for slaughtering ranged between 4.53 and 5.54 MJ. Manual energy consumption ranged between 2.03 and 5.81 MJ. Plant C used much more energy for slaughtering because of its larger slaughtering device that operated more hours per day and because of the higher level of sophistication of its slaughtering facilities that consumed more electrical energy. Energy consumption increased from Plant A to Plant B and Plant C in that order.
The average energy use in the scalding & defeathering area of the three poultry processing plants was 44% of the total. This translates to an average energy consumption of 15.05 MJ ranging from 6.08 to 26.20 MJ. The electrical energy consumption ranged from 5.54 to 24.17 MJ, with most of this being used for the scalders. The manual energy use for scalding & defeathering ranged between 0.54 and 2.03 MJ. Thus, the total energy requirement for carrying out scalding & defeathering operation for 1000 birds are 26.20 MJ, 12.88 MJ and 6.08 MJ in plant A, plant B and plant C respectively.
Table 3. Calculated energy use (MJ) from different sources for major unit operations in three poultry processing plants
Unit operations
10,000 birds/day
Manual energy
Evisceration averagely accounted for 17.44% of the total energy requirement per 1000 birds in the three poultry processing plants, the values ranging from 3.17 MJ in plant C to 10.05 MJ in plant A. Out of the energy portion used for evisceration, 100% (10.05); 13.2% (4.08 MJ) and 17% (3.17 MJ) can be attributed to human labour in plant A, Plant B and Plant C respectively. It is worth noting that these energy consumption for evisceration does not include electricity used for further intestine processing. Washing & chilling used 15.75% of the total energy, about 6.26 MJ/1000 heads; but this does not include refrigeration for storage areas. The manual energy consumption for washing & chilling ranged from 0.54 to 10.05 MJ
Packaging accounted for the least portion (5.8%) of the total energy consumption in the three poultry processing plants with values ranging between 1.32 MJ in plant C and 2.03 MJ in plant A. Out of this energy consumption, 100% was used as manual energy in plant A, 32% in plant B and 20.5% in plant C.
Figure 2. Average energy use (percent of total) for the unit operations in three poultry processing
As can be observed in Table 3, there are variations in the amounts of energy used by the three plants for the different unit operations. This indicates that each plant could affect savings by altering or changing process operations. The results of the study clearly indicate that plant A, which is the least mechanized of the 3 plants, consumed the highest energy (50.36 MJ) followed by plant B (28.04 MJ) and plant C (17.83 MJ) in that order. This shows that plant A used 3 times and 2 times as much energy as plant C and plant B respectively because of its high energy consuming facilities which are not only rudimentary but almost becoming obsolete. The data show that the developed equations were adequate for estimating the energy requirements in poultry processing operations. For instance, for the estimation of total energy in plant A, the means value of errors between the measured value and true value was 0.108. The Standard Deviation of the differences was 0.135 with a worst-case error of 0.02. Similar data for plant B and plant C were 0.338, 0.216, 0.05 and 0.252, 0.255, 0.04 respectively. Average energy consumption in the three plants is schematically represented in Figure 3.
Figure 3.Energy (average) flow diagram in the three poultry processing plant
It is also worth mentioning that electricity consumption in all the plants could have been reduced if supply from the national grid has been constant. The fluctuation in electricity supply was so intense during the period this research lasted that owning a processing outfit was not complete without the procurement of a stand-by generator. Quite a sizeable amount of energy savings could have been achieved if the report of Megbowon and Adewunmi (2002) is any thing to go by. According to the report, 30% of expenditure could be saved if electricity supply from the National grid is always available in agro-based companies. The capital invested for the acquisition of generators and the associated maintenance cost could have better been utilized for the procurement of more raw materials, more efficient equipment and expansion of the business. The usual effect, as noticed in some poultry processing plants visited during the preliminary investigation, is that the growth of the company is slowed down and the burden of high cost of production is passed to the consumers, who are already overstressed.
The monthly energy use in each plant and their total over seven accounting months are shown in Figure 4.
Total energy use (MJ)
Total energy cost (N'000)
Figure 4. Trends in energy use and energy cost of three poultry processing plants in Nigeria
Monthly energy cost is also superimposed on the figure. Over the duration that data was gathered, the sum of energy consumption in all the plants was directly proportional to energy cost.
These trends are explained by the relatively stable prices of petroleum products and electricity during the accounting period unlike in earlier years, when there were shortages in the local refining of petroleum products and there were four upward reviews of petroleum products within a year in Nigeria.
This finding has also been corroborated by the reports of Megbowon and Adewumi (2002) and Jekayinfa (2004).
The energy audit of the selected poultry processing plants revealed that electricity obtained either from the national grid or captive generated, is the main source of energy input for poultry processing operations. It was also observed that the total energy requirement per 1000 birds in the three selected plants is respectively 50.36MJ, 28.04MJ and 17.83MJ. In all the plants, scalding of defeathering accounted for 44% of the total energy consumption followed by eviscerating, slaughtering, washing & chilling and packing in that order. The results of the study have provided useful information for carrying out budgeting, forecasting energy requirements and planning plant expansion.
[1] Miller E. J., Energy management in milk processing, In: Singh R. P. (editor), Energy in food processing, energy in World agriculture, Elsevier: Amsterdam, p. 37 - 153, 1986.
[2] Jekayinfa S. O., Modelling direct energy utilization in palm kernel oil industry in Osun and Oyo States, Nigeria, Unpublished Ph.D Thesis, Department of Agricultural Engineering, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2004.
[3] Jekayinfa S. O., Bamgboye A. I., Energy requirements for palm kernel oil processing operations, Nutrition & Food Science 4, 2004, 166 - 173.
[4] Jekayinfa S. O., Bamgboye A. I., Analysis of energy use patterns in Nigeria's industrial sector: a case study of a cashew nut processing plant, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference of the Nigerian Institution of Agricultural Engineers 25, 2003, p. 70 – 77.
[5] Jekayinfa S. O., Bamgboye A. I., Estimating energy requirement in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L) nut processing operations. Energy - the International Journal, 2005, In press.
[6] Vergara W., Rao M. A., Jordan W. K., Analysis of direct energy usage in vegetable canneries, Transactions of American Society of Agricultural Engineers 1, 1976, p. 1246 - 1249.
[7] Cundiff J. S., Dodd J. W., Energy model for forced air tobacco curing, Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 16, 1981, p. 211 - 220.
[8] Ezeike G. O. I., Energy consumption in rice processing operations in Nigeria: selected case studies, Journal of Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America 18(1), 1981, p. 33 - 40.
[9] Verma A. K., Audit of energy requirement on cultivation of rice for small farming condition, Journal of Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America 33(3): 2002, p. 45 – 48.
[10] Farsaie A., Singh M. S., Energy models for sunf1ower oil expression, Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 18, 1985, 275-285.
[11] Harris P. S., Energy usage in the milk processing industry. In: Energy-use and conservation in the dairy industry, J. Soc. Dairy Technology 35(3), 1982, p. 81 - 82.
[12] Elsy B., Survey of energy and water usage in liquid milk processing, Milk Ind. 82(10), 1980, 18 - 23
[13] Wilhem L. R., Suter D. A., Brusewitz G. H., Energy use in food processing, Chapter 11 in Food and Process Engineering Technology, St. Joseph. Michigan: ASAE, p. 285 - 291, 2004.
[14] Whitehead W. K., Shupe W. L., Energy requirements for processing poultry, Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 1979, p. 889 - 893.
[15] Baughman G. R., Parkhurst C. R., Energy consumption in boiler production, Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 1977, p. 341 – 343.
[16] USDC, Annual survey of manufacturers, Statistics for industry Groups and Industries M93 (AS) – 1, Bureau of the Census, US Dept. of Commerce, Washington D.C., 1993.
[17] Odigboh E. U., Machines for crop production, In: Stout B. A. (editor), CIGR handbook of agricultural engineering, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 1998.
[18] Megbowon I. O., Adewunmi S. O., Effect of failure of NEPA electricity on the finance of small and medium scale industries: case study of two agro-allied industries in Ondo State, Nigerian Journal of Industrial Safety and Systems 1(1), 2002, p. 28 - 31.
Energy requirement for slaughtering
Energy requirement for scalding & defeathering
Energy requirement for evisceration
Energy requirement for washing & chilling
Energy requirement for packaging
Total energy requirement for all cashew kernel/nut processing operations
Time taken for a particular operation (i.e. ts, tsd, te, twc, tp)
Heating value of fuel used for a particular operation
(i.e. Cs, Csd, Ce, Cwc, Cp)
J/Kg or J/l
Quantity of fuel used for a particular operation
(i.e. Ws, Wsd, We, Wwc, Wp)
Electrical power consumed for a particular operation
(i.e. Ps, Psd, Pe, Pwc, Pp)
Number of persons involved in a particular operation
(i.e. Ns, Nsd, Ne, Nwc, Np)
Efficiency of the electric motor used for a particular operation
(i.e. Ks, Ksd, Ke, Kwc, Kp)
Subscripts: s = slaughtering; sd = scalding & defeathering; e = evisceration; wc = washing & chilling; p = packaging


text:
Кодино:
 Кодино — посёлок в Онежском районе Архангельской области.
 Кодино — деревня в Череповецком районе Вологодской области.

См. также
 Кодина

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


You've likely heard of open-heart surgery, but did you know there's an alternative?
There's a less-invasive alternative to open-heart surgery — transcatheter aortic valve replacement, known as TAVR — offered at less than 10 percent of hospitals nationwide.
Our expert, Renown Interventional Cardiologist Jake Ichino, M.D., explains TAVR.
View the full story on BestMedicineNews.org.


text:
eltinge, rachel, 1847-1921 (13)
eltinge, roelif, 1809-1884 (9)
dubois, gertrude (1)
wright, d.g. (1)
dubois family (46)
elting family (46)
eltinge family (46)
eltinge, roelif, 1809-1884 (22)
lefevre, blandina, 1812-1875 (4)
All fields: Solomon DuBois and Rachel Elting Family Papers (1812-1944)
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Letter from Gertrude Dubois to her cousin mentioning the burning of the Normal School
Letter written by Gertrude Dubois to her cousin Sarah, describing the aftermath of the burning of the Normal School and her travels to Poughkeepsie. A drawing depicts a silk waistcoat and hat.
1863-10-04, Letter from Rachel Eltinge to her mother Blandina
Rachel writes to her mother explaining the activities of her absent school companions. Because everyone is gone, many of them having gone home, Rachel is especially homesick and says she wouldn't mind staying but would prefer to come home this...
1863-10-13 Letter from Rachel Eltinge to her father Roelif
Rachel writes to her father first mentioning a walk in the woods . She complains that several girls got lost and everyone had to wait for them so not to get in trouble. She continues to talk about her lessons and trying to work on them, still...
1863-10-17, Letter from Rachel Eltinge to her father Roelif Eltinge
There are references in this letter from Rachel to her father about a forthcoming wedding, which everyone seems to be very excited about, although the couple has yet to be identified. Rachel's family is getting ready for the event—dresses are being...
1863-09-29+30, From Rachel Eltinge to her father Roelif Eltinge
Rachel writes to her father expressing deep sadness for having not received a letter or a visit from anyone. She wonders how she will pay for things and get her laundry is no one contacts her. She ends the letter with hope of hearing from her...
Rachel writes to her father thinking that he would be anxious to hear from her. She discusses a dress her mother delivered and the possibility of ice-skating but says she does not want to try it for fear of neglecting her studies by skating too...
1863-10-18, Letter from Roelif Eltinge to his daughter Rachel Eltinge
Roelif writes to his daughter intending to write a quick note about sending some of her things to school. He goes into details of money matters and family visits. He closes the letter with some critiques on her writing and how much she is loved by...
In this letter to her father, Rachel confesses that she is behind in her letter writing to her sisters but wanted to write home first. She had been home for Thanksgiving and seems to have misplaced or forgotten some of her things but she is...
Rachel writes to her father mostly discussing the upcoming school closing and vacation. She explains that the school will close earlier because Mr. Wright did not want the girls traveling alone so late; Rachel says that she will be ready by 2:00 to...
In this letter from Rachel to her father, she makes the case for discontinuing her studies in Poughkeepsie. She hasn't found any courses she wants to study in the next term, except for music, and doesn't think it worthwhile to pay the sum of $81...
1864-01-12, Letter from Rachel Eltinge her her father Roelif Eltinge
Rachel writes to her father discussing the actions of her cousin "Ruly" or Roelif who has been visiting. She informs her father that a bill for her tuition was sent to the wrong place but after reading the bill she is appalled at the price. She...
1863-11-17, Letter from Rachel Eltinge to her sister Elizabeth Deyo
Letter from Rachel to her sister Sarah basically repeating the news she'd gotten from her father from Suspension Bridge. She is anxious to hear about a reception that is being planned and eagerly awaiting Thanksgiving, when she will be coming home...
Roelif writes to his daughter saying that he is pleased to hear that she is doing well. He gives her advice on how to be kind and humble. He tells her that kindness will gain her beneficial friends from all social classes, and she should pity those...
Rachel opens the letter to her father talking about coming home and her plans for the evening. She apologizes for not sending a picture and then goes into some information about the male "day schollars" and their flirtatious activities. She...
Rachel's father's letter is being delivered by her cousin, Roelif, (who has the same name as her father) reassuring her that she hasn't been forgotten. He has sent apples and the chestnuts she's been longing for. He tells her of a visit from her...
1863-10-15 + 16, Letter from Roelif Eltinge to his daughter Rachel Eltinge
This is a very chatty letter to Rachel from her father. Friends and family visited each other regularly and often stayed overnight or for a few days. Since he has just returned home from such a visit, he reports the latest news about social events...
Roelif writes to his daughter Rachel first apologizing for his "seeming neglect" in writing to her. He asks her to bring music to play for the family over the vacation. He tells her about local and family news, including a double wedding that had...
A letter to Rachel from her father, written while he waits for his connecting train to Detroit, enroute to Davenport, Iowa. He will be stopping with family or friends along the way. Although he has had a chance to see Niagara Falls, he wasn't able...
Rachel's father opens his letter to her, the first after a long Christmas holiday, apologizing for having forgotten to put a warm buffalo robe in the mail sleigh that she took back to Poughkeepsie from New Paltz. He worries that she left a bottle...
1863-11-13, Letter from Roelif Eltinge to his wife Blandina Lefevre Eltinge
Roelif writes to his wife, Blandina, about his recent travels, including a visit to the "great Falls" (Niagra Falls). He explains that he hasn't written to anyone else as of yet and requests that she spread the word that he is well. He closes the...


text:
Exec Says He Never Confirmed Receipt Of Bribes In FIFA Trial
A former South American soccer executive who has testified to paying and keeping track of bribe payments to South American soccer officials said Thursday that he had no knowledge of whether three defendants on trial in the FIFA corruption case actually received the money marked for them.
Juan Angel Napout, 59, the former president of the South American confederation known as CONMEBOL, Jose Maria Marin, 85, the former president of the Brazilian soccer federation, and Manuel Burga, 60, the former president of the Peruvian soccer federation, are facing charges tied to alleged bribery schemes over the awarding of media and marketing rights to major international soccer tournaments to sports marketing companies such as Torneos. All three have pled not guilty. On Thursday, an attorney for Marin, James Mitchell of Ballard Spahr LLP, presented Rodriguez with a chart from an email from June 2013 that he testified to the day before showing bribe payments to be made to South American soccer officials for rights to Copa America tournaments. He said the bribe arrangements were made and told to him by the CEO and principal at Torneos, Alejandro Burzaco, who testified for the government earlier in the case.
Marin is represented by Charles A. Stillman, James A. Mitchell and Bradley Gershel of Ballard Spahr LLP and Julio C. Barbosa of Barbosa Legal.
https://www.law360.com/articles/990299/exec-says-he-never-confirmed-receipt-of-bribes-in-fifa-trial
Charles A. Stillman
James A. Mitchell
White Collar Defense/Internal Investigations


This wild Capsicum variety has been subject to much debate and has been reclassified as a variety of Capsicum Schottianum byA.T. Hunziker. The seeds for this variety are believed to be black unlike C. Baccatum var. Flexuosum which are straw coloured.


text:
Live Review: Father, Noah's Ark Was a Spaceship, The Autumn Project…
Category: Blog — @ 5:52 pm April 24, 2006
Here's a late review of Saturday night's show; late because the Lazy-i servers were down for awhile yesterday for maintenance, upkeep and and other technical stuff. I guess I should have just written the review right when I got home from the show Saturday night, but I was still feeling a but uneasy. Just to clarify up front: What I'm about to say isn't meant as an insult. I was literally physically ill after Father's set. But let me start at the beginning…
I got down at the Underground just as Noah's Ark Was a Spaceship had taken the stage. Their style and sound was pleasingly thunderous and epic, intense and… well, loud, dark and ominous as a storm cloud rolling in — a fitting opener for what lied ahead. Shortly after they finished their set, a projector screen was placed on stage. The guys in Father followed next, setting up in the dark. The projector glowed blue, then pink as Clark Baechle started off the 20-minute song with booming, repeated, tribal drum riffs that went on — alone — for at least a few minutes before D. Bushon joined in on drums alongside him, throwing his arms high with every capped measure. Bushon threw his sticks off stage, picked up a guitar and began a throbbing drone that would eventually include Dapose and someone on bass.
Meanwhile, on screen, a faint pattern emerged, a pulsing central circle surrounded by four pulsing dots — one in each corner. Slowly, small lines appeared, growing into a web of veins (or so it seemed). As the sound intensified, the veins kept growing, become more detailed with each pulse of the central circle, eventually resembling the circulatory system of an alien life form. Behind it, in the dark, the gutteral sounds from Father throbbed louder, trancelike and grim. Eventually Clark up and left the stage, leaving Bushon, Dapose and the bass to rumble on. I don't know if it was the all-encompassing low end, the nightmarish image on screen, or the combination of the two, but it was right about here that I began to get slightly nauseous. What the f*** was this supposed to be, some sort of bludgeoning nightmare séance?
One-by-one members of the band left the stage, eventually leaving Dapose to drone to a conclusion while Seth Johnson's gruesome image slowly faded from the screen. When Dapose finally left and the house sound and lights came up, the crowd of 100 clapped, confused and maybe a bit startled. Father's performance was disturbing and unsettling and most likely right on target.
Most of the crowd left before The Autumn Project took the stage (see this week's column (online Thursday) for a further explanation). They missed out on some more powerful, though stark, instrumental music driven by a talented drummer. It reminded me of the instrumental bands that were so popular four or five years ago, playing chord changes that center around the rhythm section. Autumn Project is the first band I've seen in a long time to use a smoke machine. At one point, during one of their song's dramatic moments, the drummer became hidden in the fog only to reemerge wearing a white mask! Weird! Was he wearing that thing the whole time? I think I would have noticed. He slipped it off moments later and continued with the set. All-in-all, a disturbing evening of sound, light and noise.
–Got comments? Post 'em here.—