The instructions below are designed to create a forensic image of a Mac Computer via the command line and Target Disk Mode, so that you don't have to spend piles of money on acquisition programs. This has NOT been tested on every Apple OS, but I have tested it on Mountain Lion, Mavericks, Yosemite, and El Capitan. It should work on any Intel based Mac. Instructions and screen shots are from El Capitan. Your system may vary slightly. Read all instructions FIRST, before attempting. This tutorial is about as simple and "step-by-step" as it gets. If, after reading this, there are still things you don't understand, STOP before you START. If this is your first time dealing with acquisition of Apple computers, now is not the time to practice on a real case.
There are some necessary steps to perform prior to actually starting your collection. First and foremost, we must determine if the computer is on or not. This is not a tutorial on seizure practices, but it is assumed that if the computer is on at time of seizure, it will be handled as such, with imaging of RAM, and potential imaging of a live system being the way to proceed. For instructions on acquiring RAM click HERE. For instructions on doing a live acquisition on a machine that is running, click HERE. The decision to image live or not is a judgment call based on the situation and goals of the investigation.
You will need to prepare destination media to receive the forensic image you are creating. A tutorial for how to format media for use in a Mac environment can be read HERE.
Especially with Apple laptops, they rarely ever get turned off. Most importantly for laptops, ensure that they are plugged into the power supply before doing anything. Any good lab will have an assortment, in case the device didn't arrive with one. Press the spacebar a couple of times, and if the computer was simply asleep, it will come on. Since this tutorial is based on a computer that is off, we will proceed as such.
You must first determine if imaging the drive via this method is even possible. You must check for a number of things in a particular order. a) is there a Firmware Password; b) is FileVault enabled; c) is there a Fusion drive; and d) what is the Block Size. The first two will be determined in early steps below, and the last two will be determined as the imaging process progresses.
There are a number of special keystrokes that will cause a Mac to boot in various different ways, some of which are integral to performing forensic acquisitions. A list of these can be seen HERE.
The first step will be to turn on the subject machine while holding down the "option" key. Keep holding down the "option" key until you see one of the two screens below. If you see anything other than these two (like a login screen), you boo-booed.
The picture on the left is what you will most likely see, and that is a good thing. Now shut the computer off by holding down the power button for 4 seconds. The picture on the right is evidence that a Firmware Password is in use. This is pretty much bulletproof, and without having the password, your interaction with this computer is done, unless you are able to remove the hard drive and image it separately. (If it has FileVault enabled, and you have no passwords, this is useless). As before, shut the computer off by holding down the power button for 4 seconds. This Firmware Password is at the hardware level of the computer, and not on the hard drive, so hard drive removal bypasses this. I have made a tutorial on removing hard drives from Mac products, and it can be seen HERE.
The second step to seeing what you are up against is to determine if FileVault is enabled or not. Unfortunately, if it is, you are going to alter the contents on the hard drive before you find out. As long as you follow the steps below, you will be able to explain what you did, and why the forensic image might look like it was accessed while in your custody, and it won't be a problem. What you need to do is enter what is called "Single User Mode".
Single User Mode is accessed by holding down the Apple (⌘) key simultaneous with the "S" key, and pressing the power button. Keep pressing these two keys until one of two things happens. Either you will see a Terminal window open with all kinds of writing in it as shown below (GOOD), or you will arrive at the regular login screen (BAD). If the former, continue reading. If the latter, STOP. Press and hold the power button for 4 seconds until the computer turns off. If you arrived at the latter, this means that FileVault is enabled, meaning you can't access Single User Mode. You can still image the hard drive (because you have the password or FileVault key, right?), but there is certain system data you don't have easy access to. If this is the case, you can jump ahead to the section on enabling Target Disk Mode now. If you got the Terminal window, it looks like the picture below.
Type "date" as shown below. This is the closest thing to BIOS or UEFI style date/time data accuracy against the metadata on the drive. Take a photo of this information. I like to take a photo of the screen while holding my phone beside it, so I capture the phone's date and time beside the computer date and time. Reason being that the phone date and time are issued by a server out of your control, so are considered to be accurate. It will also give you a reference later, to determine accuracy of metadata on the computer.
Now let's grab some data about the computer system. Again, this is only if you are able to access Single User Mode. If not, at the end of this tutorial are instructions on what to do to collect system information for drives with FileVault enabled. In the picture below, you will see we have gathered system information by typing "system_profiler SPHardwareDataType".
Take a picture of this. Then type "system_profiler SPSerialATADataType".
This will give you the hard drive data. For some reason, when doing this on a computer with Fusion drive, it only shows the HDD, and not the SSD. Some is better than none. Once this is recorded, hold the power button down for 4 seconds to turn off the computer.
At this point, we need to ensure that when you are performing the functions outlined, they are being performed on the right computer. From this point forward, we will refer to the computers as follows: the computer you are imaging is the SUBJECT COMPUTER; the computer that performs the functioning, and where most of your typing will be is the CONTROL computer, and the external hard drive where the forensic image is going to be written to is the DESTINATION drive or media.
We will now prepare the control computer. Ensure that it is turned on and that you are logged in to it. Open a Terminal window.
Go to the top right of the desktop screen and click on the magnifying glass (Spotlight Search).
Connect the destination external drive to the control machine. What should you use for a destination drive? I have created a document where I benchmarked multiple configurations, so you can see speeds across different methods. The document can be read HERE.
Unless otherwise stated, the following steps are assumed to be on the control machine.
Back in the Terminal you just opened, note the User name, as you may need it later. Everything you will see behind the flashing cursor is info about the computer. In the example below, the computer name is "ELEMENTS". The "~" means that we do NOT have Root level access on the system. The User name on this computer is JF and is immediately followed by the "$" sign. Then you see the cursor. This line along with the cursor is called a command prompt.
Type "date" to get the control system date, time, and time offset, as shown below, and take a photo. I like to take a photo of the screen while holding my phone beside it, so I capture the phone's date and time beside the computer date and time. Reason being that the phone date and time are issued by a server, so are considered to be accurate. It will also give you a reference later, to determine accuracy of metadata on the computer.
Type "diskutil list" and press Enter, as seen below. This will now give you the list of hard drives on the control computer, as well as the architecture of each hard drive. It will also list various elements such as if the drive is encrypted or not, and whether or not CoreStorage is enabled,, and if there is a Fusion drive in use. You MUST understand this layout in order to identify exactly what to image, and how. A description of this can be seen HERE.
Understand that the above screenshot is our control computer. We have not yet involved our subject computer.
In our example on the subject machine, CoreStorage is not enabled, FileVault is not enabled, and the drive is not a Fusion drive, so we will proceed with the instructions based on that. CoreStorage, FileVault, and Fusion bring an entirely different dynamic to the playing field, and change the way you would image them. I have written a paper on the differences in acquisition of the different situations you may face. That paper can be read HERE. As well, a tutorial for acquiring FileVault (CoreStorage) can be seen HERE, and a tutorial for acquiring Fusion drives can be seen HERE.
Back to the task at hand. In the picture above, we see /dev/disk0, /dev/disk1, and /dev/disk2. This is quite a simple layout. /dev/disk0 is the physical hard drive in the control machine, /dev/disk1 is the logical CoreStorage drive on the control machine (inconsequential to this tutorial), and /dev/disk2 is the destination hard drive. In the right most column, you see disk0s1, disk0s2, disk0s3, etc. These are the partitions or Volumes of the hard drive. On Macs (and Linux/Unix flavors), they are called Slices, hence the s1, s2, s3 following the disk0. On Slice 2 of disk0, or disk0s2, you can see the words "Apple_CoreStorage". When you see this, it does NOT automatically mean FileVault is enabled.
Take note of these physical disks, as you will need them later in the process.
You need to now disable DiskArbitration on the control computer. This function mounts the drives connected to it. Obviously the moment we plug in the subject computer, the drives will mount, and we have now just written to our subject drive. Not good. RECAP. Don't disable DiskArbitration until AFTER you plug in your destination drive. But don't plug in your subject computer until AFTER you have disabled DiskArbitration.
To disable DiskArbitration, type "sudo launchctl unload /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.diskarbitrationd.plist" and press Enter, as seen below.
You will be prompted for the password on your control computer. Enter it and press Enter.
Now it is best to test if it worked. Type "diskutil list" again. If DiskArbitration is off, you will see the message below.
The same three physical drives are being shown, even though /dev/disk1 is not a real physical drive, but a logical CoreStorage drive that is seen as a physical drive (not important here, but important if your subject computer had FileVault enabled).
At this point, turn your attention to the subject machine. You need to place it into Target Disk Mode.
This is done by holding down the "T" key and then turning on the subject computer. Continue holding down the "T" key until you see the image below, then you can let go.
You have two choices at this point. You can use Thunderbolt or FireWire. But of course, both the subject computer and the control computer must have the same. Pretty much everything since 2011 has Thunderbolt. Anything prior to that would not have any of the security in today's systems, and thus could be imaged using normal tools after removing the hard drive. In my example, I used Thunderbolt.
Plug the Thunderbolt cable into the subject computer, then plug the other end into the control machine.
One of two things will happen. Either nothing noticeable (which is good), or you are prompted for a subject machine password on the control machine (bad). This means that FileVault is enabled. Without the password, you are done.
In the event that nothing happens, you can now type the same command as you did in step 28. You will now see something like the below.
You can see that there is an additional disk now. This is the subject drive being seen. This will always happen in sequential order, so you know that disk3 is the newest addition, or the computer that you just plugged in.
At this point, we are faced with a potential problem. Device Block Size. Generally speaking, on most Macs, the Device Block Size is 512 bytes, and the Allocation Block Size is 4096 bytes. Anybody recognize this? In NTFS, it is called Sector Size (512 bytes), and Cluster Size (4096). But I digress. Some 2015 and newer models of MacBook and MacBook Air now have a Device Block Size of 4096 bytes, and this will be adopted by all Macs in the near future. It has to do with data speed, and storage optimization, and it means they are completely unreadable by computers that have a Device Block Size of 512 bytes. If you forensically image a 4096 byte computer with a 512 byte computer, you will NOT be able to open the image. You will need another 4096 byte computer to mount the image. The only forensically sound method if not using a 4096 byte computer (as of the time of this writing) is to use a tool called MacQuisition (not cheap, but incredible), and image the logical volume. So before we waste a bunch of time creating a useless forensic image, let's see what the Block size is.
This instruction is also great for seeing what is inside a /dev/disk if you lose track.
Type "hdiutil partition /dev/disk<?>", where the <?> is the number of the disk you want information on. You will get a warning message asking for your control password, as shown below.
Once you enter it, you will get the following screen. For /dev/disk3, we see the below.
You can now see that /dev/disk3 is the MBR, and not the /dev/disk that we want to image. Let's look at /dev/disk5 with the same instruction.
We now see that this is "whole disk". This is the disk we want to image. We also see "block size", and in this case, it is 512.
Another indicator that you may be looking at a 4096 byte block size computer, is that when you run the command to see all the /dev/disks, a 4096 byte block size will not show anything other than /dev/disk0. So if you don't see all of the disks that you were expecting, this may be why.
It is imperative that you understand that Target Disk Mode will NOT show all drives in the subject computer. It will only show the Master drive(s), and no Slave drives. You must check the computer physically to determine if there are more drives.
Now, type "date" (yes, again), press Enter, and take a picture. Don't waste any time from this point forward, as any time unaccounted for will be difficult to explain in court.
Let's break down what is happening in that line. "sudo" means "SuperUser Do". In other words, run the following command as "Root". "dd" is the name of the program we are using to perform the forensic image. "if=" means "Input File equals". In other words, what are you imaging? This is the file path to the subject drive. You will note that we have used "rdisk3" instead of "disk3". Why? Google it. Biggest reason that matters is it speeds up imaging by 20-30%. Next command is "of=", or "Output File equals". This is the file that will be created on the destination drive, so we have typed the path to the destination drive, and given our acquisition a name, and .dd on the end. Next is "bs=64k". This is the block size that the program will use as it is imaging. In other words, in this case, it will process the data in 64 kb chunks. Why does this matter? When the chunk of data is being read, if there is a problem with the subject media, it will just fill the rest of the block with zeros. If the block size is small, you will not have lost much data, but if the block size is large, you may very well lose vast amounts of data that you otherwise would have gotten. So you might think that making it really small is better. Block size will also dictate how long the imaging process will take. The same drive that takes 1 hour with a 64k block size will take a dozen hours or more at 4k. So we need a happy medium. 64k is that happy medium. Next in line is conv=noerror,sync. This means that if, when reading a block, there is a problem, don't stop the imaging process. Just skip over the rest of the block to the next one, and pad the space on the destination drive with zeros. It is also worth noting that if there are any issues during the imaging process, you will be notified at the end, of any blocks that had problems.
Back to the process. Once you type the instruction and press Enter, you will be prompted for the password of the control machine. Enter it here and press Enter, and the imaging will start. It will look like nothing is happening. Nothing will appear on the next line until the image is complete, at which time you will see something like the picture below. Depending on the size of the subject drive, this could be hours.
Again, type "date", and immediately take a photo. The reason you have done this is to show that you have not had time to alter data in the dump. You can see that the total time for the image is listed above in seconds. Immediately hash the RAM dump by typing md5 /Volumes/<name of your destination>/<name you called your image file>.dump". This process will take some time.
Now power down the control computer. Because you previously turned off DiskArbitration, you cannot properly eject the destination drive.
Once the control computer is powered down, unplug the subject computer, and the destination drive. Power down the subject computer by holding down the Power button for 4 seconds. You are now done.


Barcelona's public transport network connects every corner of the city. There are also singular forms of transport and period vehicles.
One of the most attractive things about Barcelona is its range of retail establishments: from legendary shops to large shopping centres.
Barcelona has a complete network of tourist information points and offices in order to help visitors to plan their stay.
Utility apps on a diverse range of issues such as culture and leisure, mobility and transport, Technology, tourism and other services.
See the city with these short films that cover its markets, streets, squares, nooks and corners, parks and avenues.
All the city's public transport maps in PDF format so you can consult them on your mobile.
Emergency numbers, tourist information services, transport information and what to do if you lose your cards.
People with disabilities can also enjoy a Barcelona tailored to their needs: adapted transport and easy access to public facilities and the city's most emblematic places.
There are places outside the city that are just as fascinating, and they are within easy reach using public transport.


A bill named in honor of a Native language teacher who died after receiving a national award for her efforts finally cleared Congress this week.
H.R.4766, the Esther Martinez Native American Languages Preservation Act, was approved by the Senate last Wednesday night. With prior approval from the House, the bill now goes onto President Bush for his approval.
Introduced earlier this year, momentum for the legislation to create Native language programs picked up after the tragic death of Esther Martinez. The 94-year-old language instructor and storyteller was killed on her way home to Ohkay Owingeh, a pueblo in northern New Mexico.
The September 16 accident occurred just days after Martinez received the National Heritage Fellowship award in Washington, D.C. She had been honored for her role in teaching Tewa to generations of students.
"Considering Esther's dedication to preserving her Native language, it is a fitting tribute that this legislation be named after her," said Rep. Tom Udall (D-New Mexico), whose district includes the six pueblos where Tewa is spoken.
Martinez was known by her Tewa name, Poe Tsawa, which means Blue Water. Among her former students, both young and old, she was simply referred to as Ko'o, or Aunt.
Supporters of the legislation said the work of people like Martinez will continue through additional funds for language nests, survival schools and restoration programs. The money will be handled by the Administration for Native Americans within the Department of Health and Human Services.
Tribal leaders and organizations worked feverishly this fall to get the bill passed. The National Indian Education Association brought Navajo Code Talkers, the World War II soldiers who used their language to create an unbreakable code, to the U.S. Capitol to lobby for the measure.
"The outpouring of letters, calls, faxes, and emails to members of Congress made an incredible impact and demonstrated Indian Country�s huge support for the revitalization of Native languages," the organization said in a statement.
Tex Hall, the chairman of the Board of the Inter-Tribal Economic Alliance and former president of the National Congress of American Indians, also hailed passage. "I hope that laws like this one help America to really understand just how much of a treasure our Native American cultures are," he said.
Appropriations for the programs are guaranteed through 2012 but an exact amount is not specified in the bill. Rep. Heather Wilson (R-New Mexico), one of the sponsors, said she would ask the White House to increase funding for the ANA, whose budget has remained level at $44 million in recent years.


text:
Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania)[remove]25
Estate records1
Jewish merchants1
Jews -- Charities1
Letters[remove]25
Leeser, Isaac[remove]25
Hart, Isaac6
Kursheedt, Gershom4
Labatt, Henry Jacob2
Nathan, Moses N.2
more Personal Name »
Occident1
United States -- Louisiana[remove]25
United States -- Louisiana -- New Orleans[remove]25
United States -- Pennsylvania9
United States -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia9
You searched for: Collection Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania) Remove constraint Collection: Arnold and Deanne Kaplan Collection of Early American Judaica (University of Pennsylvania) Geographic Subject United States -- Louisiana Remove constraint Geographic Subject: United States -- Louisiana Geographic Subject United States -- Louisiana -- New Orleans Remove constraint Geographic Subject: United States -- Louisiana -- New Orleans Type Letters Remove constraint Type: Letters Language English Remove constraint Language: English Personal Name Leeser, Isaac Remove constraint Personal Name: Leeser, Isaac
1. Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Hart, Isaac; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1854 March 10
Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Hart, Isaac; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1854 March 10
Leeser, Isaac and Hart, Isaac. New Orleans, LA, Letter from Isaac Hart in New Orleans, Louisiana to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in which Hart describes the success of the Jewish Benevolent Society's ball, and discusses business about books
Leeser, Isaac; Hart, Isaac
2. Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Illowy, Henry; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1865 October 24
Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Illowy, Henry; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1865 October 24
Leeser, Isaac and Illowy, Henry. New Orleans, LA, Five page letter from Henry Illowy, the son of Rabbi Henry Illowy, in New Orleans, Louisiana to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia. The letter strongly rebukes Leeser for his attacks on his father, and criticizes Leeser for playing the middleground between the Reformers and supporting Rabbis who move toward the Reform
Leeser, Isaac; Illowy, Henry
3. Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Kursheedt, Gershom; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1853 December 3
Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Kursheedt, Gershom; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1853 December 3
Leeser, Isaac and Kursheedt, Gershom. New Orleans, LA, A three page letter written by Gershom Kursheedt in New Orleans to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia. In this letter, Kursheedt chides Leeser for attacking his friends, and writes his point by point objections to Dr. Wise's Reform elements
Leeser, Isaac; Kursheedt, Gershom
4. Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Hart, Isaac; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1856 November 26
Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Hart, Isaac; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1856 November 26
Highly personal letter from Isaac Hart in New Orleans, Louisiana to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in which Hart responds to a long letter from Leeser, in which Leeser complains of Isaac Wise's Reform activity and competition from other Jewish publications. Hart expresses sympathy that Leeser is not appreciated for all he has done for America's Jews and he suggests changes to Leeser's publication.
5. Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Wise, I. M.; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1865 January 8
Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Wise, I. M.; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1865 January 8
Printed letter addressed to Isaac Leeser, inviting him to the celebration of the tenth anniversary of the Home for Jewish Widows and Orphans
Leeser, Isaac; Wise, I. M.
6. Letter; Kursheedt, Mendes; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1854 May 1
Letter; Kursheedt, Mendes; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1854 May 1
Correspondence; Jews -- Charities; Estate records; Charity; Rabbis
Cover letter from Mendes Kursheedt to Isaac Leeser enclosing $3000 willed to Leeser by Judah Touro to disperse charitably as Leeser saw fit; New Orleans, LA; Philadelphia, PA
Leeser, Isaac; Kursheedt, Mendes; Touro, Judah
https://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/
7. Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Hart, Isaac; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1849 October 14
Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Hart, Isaac; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1849 October 14
Leeser, Isaac and Hart, Isaac. New Orleans, LA, Letter from Isaac Hart in New Orleans, Louisiana to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The letter deals with Shanarai-Chasset's seach for a new Rabbi. It ends with negative comments on the portuguese Congregation and their criticisms of Leeser's new Bible
8. Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Hart, Isaac; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1853 April 11
Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Hart, Isaac; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States; 1853 April 11
Leeser, Isaac and Hart, Isaac. New Orleans, LA, Letter from Isaac Hart in New Orleans, Louisiana to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in which he outlines the election of new trustees for Shanarai-Chasset. He also references the first jew in Arkansas, Mr. Block
9. Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Hart, Isaac; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1862 September 29
Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Hart, Isaac; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1862 September 29
Leeser, Isaac and Hart, Isaac. New Orleans, LA, Letter from Isaac Hart in New Orleans, Louisiana to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The letter is a first hand observation of High Holiday services at both the Portuguese and Polish synagogues, and includes a description of the new burial ground
10. Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Labatt, H.; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1852 October 27
Letter; Leeser, Isaac; Labatt, H.; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States; 1852 October 27
Leeser, Isaac and Labatt, H.. New Orleans, LA, A letter from H. Labatt of New Orleans, Louisiana to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia. Labatt writes of his concerns of anti-Semitic slurs against two Louisiana elected officials, J.P. Benjamin, a Whig senator elect, and E.W. Moise, a Democrat ex-speaker of the house
Leeser, Isaac; Labatt, H.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The Supermassive
When in doubt, The Simpsons did it first.
Movie Reviews: The Number Movies
Movie Reviews: A – C
I Has Thoughts
Why this exists
Movie Reviews: A
"How they convinced two Oscar-winning actresses and one Oscar nominated actor to appear in 'Aeon Flux' defies logic, though I'm guessing it had something to do with condos in Vail."
The Age of Adaline
Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good Very Bad Day
Alvin & the Chipmunks
Alvin & the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel
Anvil: The Story of Anvil
The Art of Getting By
Arthur and the Invisibles
The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford
"The most incongruous part of 'The Black Dahlia' was that they tried to convince the world that Hilary Swank and Mia Kirshner look alike for plot purposes."
The Bad News Bears
Balls of Fury
The Bank Job
Before the Devil Knows You're Dead
The Benchwarmers
Blood and Chocolate
Brothers Grimm
"Characters in 'The Conjuring' walk into a boarded basement because, hey, it's 1971. The age of irony hasn't happened yet."
The Condemned
Dizzy Heights #67: Wizards of Oz
Dizzy Heights: The 2010s, Volumes I-IV
I Has Thoughts: Movies of 2019
Movie Review: Frozen II
"Everything's coming up Milhouse!"


text:
class MyTest {
  String my<caret>Str;

  public MyTest(String str) {
    myStr = str;
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The use of Cox regression and genetic algorithm (CoRGA) for identifying risk factors for mortality in older people.
This is the latest version of this eprint.
Ahmad, R. and Bath, P.A. (2004) The use of Cox regression and genetic algorithm (CoRGA) for identifying risk factors for mortality in older people. Health Informatics Journal, 10. 221 - 236.
The increase in the proportion and number of older people in developed countries has resulted in research investigating risk factors for adverse health outcomes, including mortality. However, research has been limited by the range of risk factors included in regression models. This is partly because traditional statistical methods and software packages allow a restricted number of variables and combinations of variables. This article describes ongoing research to overcome these limitations through the CoRGA program, which combines Cox regression with a genetic algorithm for the variable selection process. CoRGA was used to try and identify the best combination of risk factors for 4-year all-cause mortality. The combination of 10 risk factors identified by CoRGA included both known and new risk factors for mortality in older people. Further research is seeking to develop the program further and to identify further risk factors for all-cause mortality in older people.
Ahmad, R.
Bath, P.A.
© 2004 SAGE. This is an author produced version of a paper subsequently published in Health Informatics Journal. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy.
Cox regression; Genetic algorithm; Mortality; Risk factors; software package.
The University of Sheffield
The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Social Sciences (Sheffield) > Information School (Sheffield)
Information Studies
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460458204042236
The use of Cox regression and genetic algorithm (CoRGA) for identifying risk factors for mortality in older people. (deposited 14 Aug 2009 13:55)
The use of Cox regression and genetic algorithm (CoRGA) for identifying risk factors for mortality in older people. (deposited 25 Apr 2014 14:22) [Currently Displayed]
Submitted Version
Filename: WRRO_78629.pdf


Home to the Dutch Royal Family and The Netherlands' government, The Hague is a vibrant city with a rich history. The beautiful architecture reflects its stature and influence, harmoniously blending with a dynamic and modern vibe - together conferring a unique identity to The Hague. The city enjoys plenty of international appeal and takes pride in its status as the International City of Peace and Justice. What's more, the cityscape features numerous museums, theatres, parks, gardens, as well as a beach - a perfect environment where The Hague's rich cultural scene can be enjoyed.
The Hague Convention Bureau (THCB) is the contact point for activities relating to the planning and hosting of meetings and conferences in The Hague. It offers independent advice and a partnership network with local venues, hotels, service suppliers and media.
The Hague is always in the news due to the work of more than 450 international institutions, organisations and companies which are headquartered here. Together, they generate world-class knowledge in such areas as Peace and Justice, Legal and Finance, Energy and Renewables, IT and Telecom, Oil and Gas as well as Cybersecurity.
World Forum The Hague is the main international convention centre in The Hague which draws from years of experience in hosting high profile events. The versatile location is suitable for high-scale events as well as meetings. An exhibition area of 10,000sqm, an auditorium, 27 breakout rooms and a maximum capacity of 5,000 people serve many purposes. Perfectly located between the city centre and The Hague's beach, World Forum The Hague is also within walking distance of various hotels.
Depending on the nationality of the delegate, it may be necessary for them to obtain a Schengen visa from their local Dutch Embassy before they travel.
The Hague is only a 29-minute train ride away from one of Europe's top airports - Amsterdam Schiphol. Additionally, Rotterdam The Hague Airport is also nearby. The city is easy to reach from anywhere in the world. Aside from that, The Hague is also well connected to all main Dutch cities and has a direct train connection to Brussels.
The city has a great variety of hotels and accommodation, ranging from luxury to affordable, from historic to modern. This truly reflects the diversity and the vibrant character of The Hague.
The Hague offers a multitude of attractions for visitors to enjoy: the Mauritshuis Museum, Scheveningen Beach, Madurodam, Peace Palace and the beautiful Japanese Gardens are just a few of them.
The Hague Convention Bureau partners with a network of DMCs and PCOs as well as other service providers, offering an efficient infrastructure.
As the International City of Peace and Justice, The Hague is, by definition, a peaceful and friendly place, where everyone is welcome.


text:
La División de Análisis e Información Antinarcotica (DAIA), es la unidad policial en Guatemala para combatir el Narcotráfico.

Funciones
a) Recopilar, procesar y analizar la información sobre narcoactividad y las redes de
narcotraficantes que operan en Guatemala y países vecinos donde su operatividad afecta a
nuestro país;

b) Investigar para establecer la veracidad de los hechos e individualizar a los sujetos del
delito, cuando sea consecuencia del narcotráfico;

c) Planificar y diseñar estrategias encaminadas a combatir y erradicar el cultivo, producción,
tráfico, almacenamiento, comercio, distribución y consumo ilícito de drogas, lavado de
dinero y otros activos derivado del narcotráfico;

d) Diseñar y ejecutar estrategias encaminadas a prevenir, investigar y combatir la comisión de
delitos o infracciones en las instalaciones portuarias, aeroportuarias, dependencias de
aduana, puestos fronterizos y en todo el territorio nacional;

e) Analizar, controlar y fiscalizar en coordinación con la Subdirección General de Investigación
Criminal y autoridades competentes, la información sobre el comercio y uso de sustancias
psicotrópicas, estupefacientes y precursores químicos;

f) Establecer y mantener intercambio de información y cooperación con organismos
homólogos nacionales e internacionales; y

g) Otras que le sean asignadas por el Director General de la Policía Nacional Civil de
conformidad con la ley.

Historia
Podemos remontarnos a cuando existía la Guardia de Hacienda donde nace el combate al narcotráfico en ese entonces se llamaba DOAN (Departamento de Operaciones Anti-Narcóticos de la Guardia de Hacienda), posteriormente cuando nace la Policía Nacional Civil de Guatemala se continua con el mismo nombre; sin embargo dado a los escándalos en los que sus miembros estaban involucrados con el narcotráfico y perdida de Droga de las bodegas de la misma, se da un cambio de nombre de DOAN a SAIA (Servicio de Información y Análisis Antinarcotica), esto no solo para cambiarle el nombre sino también para darles una mejor preparación a los elementos, posteriormente entre 2005-2008 pasa a ser la Secretaria de Información y Análisis Antinarcótica este cambio de función del nombre se dio cuando estuvo a cargo del Ministerio de Gobernación Carlos Vielmann y a cargo de la Dirección General de la Policía Erwin Sperisen, en el 2009 se le cambia nuevamente el nombre de SAIA a DAIA División de Análisis e Información Antinarcótica.

Véase también
 Policía Nacional Civil de Guatemala

Referencias

Policía de Guatemala

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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A supplemental system of stop lights for use in conjunction with a primary stop light system. Solar powered supplemental stop light units are mechanically attached nearby the stop light units of the primary system. Should the primary system fail, the supplemental stop lights become active to re-establish control of the traffic flow and substitute for the disabled primary stop light system. The supplemental stop light system uses at least two visual displays: a graphics display and an alphanumeric verbal display. In an alternative use in conjunction with emergency vehicle traffic, an alphanumeric numeric display can be advantageously employed.
1. A supplemental stop light unit, comprising:a housing, said housing adapted to be mounted adjacent to a primary stop light unit;a graphics display held in place by said housing, said graphics display comprising illumination sources for producing instructional information in a graphical form to control and direct traffic flow;a verbal display held in place by said housing, said verbal display comprising illumination sources for producing instructional information in a verbal form to control and direct traffic flow;a controller, said controller coupled in input relationship to said graphics display and said verbal display, said controller for producing and transmitting coordinated signals to said graphics display and said verbal display in order to control and direct traffic flow.
2. The supplemental stop light unit of claim 1, further comprising:a rechargeable battery, said rechargeable battery coupled to and supplying power for said controller; anda solar panel coupled to said rechargeable battery, said solar panel converting incident light to electrical energy to recharge said rechargeable battery.
3. The supplemental stop light unit of claim 1, wherein said illumination sources for said graphics display and said verbal display comprise red and green LEDs.
4. The supplemental stop light unit of claim 1, further comprising:a numeric display, said numeric display coupled to and coordinated by said controller,, said numeric display comprising illumination sources for producing instructional information in a numeric form to control and direct traffic.
5. The supplemental stop light unit of claim 1, further comprising a horn coupled to said controller, said horn warning pedestrians of traffic conditions.
6. The supplemental stop light unit of claim 1, further comprising:a remote control coupled to said controller, said remote control allowing a person to operate the supplemental stop light unit.
7. The supplemental stop light unit of claim 6, wherein said remote control is a handheld transmitter electromagnetically coupled to said transmitter.
8. The supplemental stop light unit of claim 1, wherein said controller is coupled to a primary stop light system.
9. A supplemental stop light unit, comprising:a housing, said housing adapted to be mounted adjacent to a primary stop light unit;a graphics display held in place by said housing, said graphics display comprising red and green LED illumination sources for producing instructional information in a graphical form to control and direct traffic flow;a verbal display held in place by said housing, said verbal display comprising red and green LED illumination sources for producing instructional information in a verbal form to control and direct traffic flow;a controller, said controller coupled in input relationship to said graphics display and said verbal display, said controller for producing and transmitting coordinated signals to said graphics display and said verbal display in order to control and direct traffic flow;a rechargeable battery, said rechargeable battery coupled to and supplying power for said supplemental stop light unit;a solar panel coupled to said rechargeable battery, said solar panel converting incident light to electrical energy to recharge said rechargeable battery; anda numeric display, said numeric display coupled to and coordinated by said controller, said numeric display comprising red and green LED illumination sources for producing instructional information in a numeric form to control and direct traffic.
10. A supplemental stop light system for a primary stop light system, comprising:at least one supplemental stop light unit, said supplemental stop light unit having a graphics display for displaying graphical information to direct and control traffic and a verbal display for displaying verbal information to direct and control traffic, said graphics display and said verbal display coupled to and coordinated by a controller that produces and transmits coordinated signals to said graphics display and said verbal display, said supplemental stop light unit mechanically attaching adjacent to a primary stop light unit, said supplemental stop light unit being solar powered, there being one supplemental stop light unit for each primary stop light unit.
This invention relates to devices that enhance stop light operation for emergency traffic and for primary stop light failure and more particularly to a supplemental stop light indication system that responds to police, fire, and other emergency traffic or to a failure of the primary stop light system by indicating a "stop", the approach of emergency traffic, or other relevant messages to all traffic at the stop light intersection.
Stop lights, street lights, or traffic lights are known in the art for use at intersections where oncoming traffic meets. With the use of stop lights, traffic at an intersection can be directed in a safe and efficient manner to avoid collisions and to increase the flow of traffic.
Occasionally, the primary stop lights at an intersection will fail due to the failure of the power supply or due to mechanical damage to the stop lights (e.g., an auto crashes into the control box or one of the stop light poles). In such an event, the operation of the primary stop lights will cease or be severely impaired. Under such circumstances, it would be advantageous to have an auxiliary stop light system that can supplement the primary stop light system by continuing to direct traffic through the intersection. Such an auxiliary stop light system would contribute more to the control of traffic if it could coordinate the traffic flow when the primary stop light system had failed. Furthermore, such an auxiliary stop light system should stand alone and apart from the primary stop light system by relying upon its own and self-contained source of power. As the power supply for the supplemental stop light system would be separate from the power supply for the primary stop light system, failure of the primary stop light system would have less of a chance of impairing the supplemental stop light system. It would also increase the utility of the supplemental stop light system if it responded to emergency traffic in order to temporarily seize control of the local traffic flow.
Frequently, emergency traffic such as police cars, fire trucks, and ambulances must pass through busy intersections in order to make their way to their destinations such as crime scenes, fires, and medical emergencies, respectively. In so doing, such emergency vehicles flash bright lights and emit sirens in order to alert traffic of their passage. When so alerted, such traffic pulls over to the curb in order to allow the quick and safe passage of the emergency vehicle.
Certain difficulties arise with the passage of emergency vehicles through intersections. The acoustic environment surrounding the intersection may be such that the direction of an approaching siren may be quite difficult to place. When a driver in traffic is unable to place the direction of the siren, that driver is unable to anticipate the direction of the emergency vehicle. Moreover, the driver may be unable to hear the siren at all. If the emergency vehicle is obscured by a building or other visual obstacle, the driver may in no way be aware of approaching emergency traffic at an intersection.
This can be a dangerous situation as emergency traffic is allowed to pass "against the red" at a stop light. If a driver is not alerted to the approach of emergency traffic, that driver may pass into the intersection with the green light of the stop light, while, simultaneously, the emergency vehicle(s) enter into the intersection against the red. Although collisions between the vehicles incoming to the intersection may be avoided through quick response, the progress of the emergency vehicles will be slowed and their response to an emergency situation will be delayed.
The present invention resides in an auxiliary/supplementary stop light system that supports and augments the primary stop light system at an intersection.
A solar cell connected to the supplemental stop light supplies power to rechargeable batteries. When called into use, the supplemental stop light draws its power from the rechargeable batteries. A connection between the primary and supplementary stop light systems provides means by which the supplemental stop lights can determine if the primary system is operating or disabled. A handheld transmitter allows manual control of the supplemental stop lights so that more efficient traffic control can be directed by police or other civic employees.
When used in conjunction with emergency traffic, the supplemental stop lights can implement and display a series of signals indicating the approach of emergency traffic and that guide the traffic accordingly. For traffic perpendicular to the current approach of emergency traffic, a stop signal is displayed resembling a red target by the graphics display. The word "stop" is displayed by the verbal display and the numeric display displays the distance of the emergency traffic from the intersection. For traffic parallel to the current approach of emergency traffic, a right-pointing directional arrow display is transmitted by the graphics display to urge the parallel traffic to pull over to the right and allow the emergency traffic to more easily pass by. The word "stop" is alternatingly the word "right" by the verbal display and the numeric display again displays the distance of the emergency traffic from the intersection. A transmitter associated with the emergency vehicle(s) enables the emergency traffic to control the operation of the supplemental stop light system.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a system of stop lights that supplement a primary stop light system.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a supplemental stop light system that provides traffic control when the associated primary stop light system fails.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a supplemental stop light system that provides additional traffic control allowing the safer and more rapid travel of emergency traffic.
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from a review of the following specification and accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of a supplemental stop light of the present system showing the graphics and verbal displays with the numeric display detached.
FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of the supplemental stop light of FIG. 1 with the solar panel raised to a higher degree with a broken away portion showing the electronic controller and rechargeable batteries.
FIG. 3 is a front perspective view of a supplemental stop light of the present system showing the numeric display attached to the graphics and verbal displays which are indicating a "pull over" signal.
FIG. 4 is a front perspective view of a supplemental stop light of the present system without the numeric display, a handheld transmitter controlling the operation of the stop light.
The supplemental stop light system of the present invention uses a series of self-powered stop lights that accompany the stop lights of the primary stop light system. The supplemental stop lights may be attached as convenient to the structures supporting the primary stop lights, providing means by which the supplemental stop light system of the present invention may be added to existing stop lights.
As shown in FIG. 1, a housing 10 is attached as by clamps 12 to a pipe P or other structure associated with a-primary stop light system. As used herein, the term primary stop light system refers to the commonplace and everyday stop lights often seen at intersections in cities and towns. It is as an auxiliary stop light system supplementing the primary stop light system that the present invention is seen as finding its best utility.
The housing 10 provides protection and support for several structures internal to the housing. A visual graphics display 14 directly faces the oncoming traffic. Preferably, series of red 16 and green 18 light emitting diodes (LEDs, see FIG. 4) are present in and provide illumination for the graphics display 14. Other forms of illumination, such as fiber optics, may also be used to illuminate the graphics display 14 and other displays of the present invention. Electronic circuitry in the form of a controller 19 internal to the housing 10 provides the appropriate signals that control the operation of the LEDs 16, 18 of the graphics display 14.
Below the graphics display 14 and held in place by the housing 10 is an alphanumeric verbal display 20 that is also illuminated by LEDs. The controller 19 provides the signals necessary to control the verbal display 20, especially in the display of letters and words to transmit messages to oncoming traffic.
To the rear of FIG. 1 and as seen in FIG. 2, a solar panel 22 is present that is pivotably attached to the top of the housing 10. The solar panel 22 supplies a set of rechargeable batteries 23 within the housing 10 with electric power when the sun or other appropriate light shines upon the solar panel 22. A bracket arm 24 controls the angle at which the solar panel 22 is held with respect to the housing 10. The bracket arm 24 is pivotably connected to a far corner of the solar panel 22 and may be lodged in a series of holes 26 present in the side of the housing 10. The bracket arm holes 26 allow the angle of the solar panel 22 to be adjusted with lower holes decreasing the angle and higher holes increasing the angle.
As seen in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, a detachably attachable alphanumeric visual display 28 can be used to provide further information, especially numeric information, to the oncoming traffic. Series of LEDs are used to provide illumination for the numeric display 28. A plug 30 on the numeric display 28 mates with a socket 32 on the rear of the housing 10 so that the numeric display 28 may be coupled to and controlled by the controller 19. Pins 34 or other means may be used to detachably attach the numeric display 28 to the housing 10. Such pins 34 could fit into holes or sockets 35 present in the rear of the housing 10.
As shown in FIG. 4, a handheld transmitter 36 may be used to control the operation of the graphics 14 and verbal 20 displays. A receiver coupled to the controller 19 receives signals from the transmitter 36. One set of signals from the transmitter 36 may indicate that a green "go" signal should be displayed by the graphics 14 and verbal 20 displays. Another set of signals from the transmitter 36 may indicate that a red "stop" signal should be displayed.
As seen in the FIGURES, the right side of the housing 10 has a number of apertures present, including those previously indicated as bracket arm holes,26. One of these apertures is for a socket 38. The socket aperture partially envelopes the socket 38 through which the supplemental stop light may be coupled to the primary stop light system. When coupled to the primary stop light system, the supplemental stop light system of the present invention can determine (via the controller 19) the operating status of the primary stop light system. If the primary stop light system should fail for some reason, the coupling to the supplemental stop light system allows the controller 19 to detect the failure and to initiate the operating sequence of the supplemental stop light system.
A horn 40 incorporated within the housing 10 provides aural or acoustic warning to nearby pedestrians. The horn 40 is coupled to the controller 19 and when the supplemental stop light system is activated, provides additional means by which traffic safety may be better achieved. Nearby pedestrians are warned both of the failure of the primary stop light system as well as the approach of oncoming traffic, according to the instructions of the controller 19.
In operation, the stop lights of the present invention are clamped or otherwise attached to a primary stop light support. While the primary stop lights function, or while there is no emergency traffic, the supplemental stop lights are dormant and store energy from the solar panels 22 in their rechargeable batteries 23. Only when activated by primary stop light failure and/or emergency traffic do the supplemental stop lights of the present invention operate.
When the primary stop light system fails due to a power failure, automobile accident, or otherwise, the supplemental stop lights of the present system detect the primary system failure through their couplings to the primary stop light system. Upon detecting the primary stop light system failure, the supplemental stop lights are activated to warn oncoming traffic of the primary stop light system failure.
In order to warn the oncoming traffic of the primary stop light failure, the supplemental stop lights initially stop all traffic at the intersection before they begin to direct traffic. A "stop" signal is displayed by both the graphics 14 and verbal 20 displays to indicate to all oncoming traffic that no entry should be made into the intersection. As currently contemplated, the "stop" signal of the graphics display 14 begins by illuminating a circle of red LEDs 42 at the center of the graphics display 14. After a short period of time, a first ring of red LEDs 44 is illuminated a short distance away from the illuminated LEDs at the center of the display 14, leaving a first ring of LEDs 46 that are not lit between the, center dot 42 and the first ring 46. After another short period of time, a second ring of red LEDs 48 is illuminated leaving a second ring of LEDs 50 that are not illuminated between the first LED ring 44 and the second LED ring 48.
This sequence is repeated until the graphics display 14 is filled with alternating rings of lit and unlit LEDs. Once the display 14 is filled, a short period of time is allowed to pass before the sequence is repeated. In this way, a visual display is generated by the graphics display 14 that resembles an approaching target. The movement of the graphics display 14 as it illuminates is noticeable by and attracts the attention of the drivers in the oncoming traffic. As the graphics display 14 is made more noticeable by the display sequence, traffic is better and more safely controlled. When fully illuminated with the "approaching target" display, the graphics display 14 appears as shown in FIG. 1.
Coordinated with the display of the "approaching target" by the graphics display 14, the verbal display 20 flashes the word "stop" with each illumination of an additional LED ring by the graphics display 14. As nine percent of the population suffers from some degree of red-green color blindness, the verbal message displayed by the verbal display 20 aids in preventing any misinterpretation of the supplemental stop light signal by color blind drivers.
Once traffic has been stopped by the supplemental stop lights and traffic control has been re-established by the supplemental stop light system, the re-establishment of safe and controlled traffic flow is commenced. In order to provide safe and controlled traffic flow, timers or clocks within the controllers 19 of the supplemental stop lights are engaged. For an intersection with four primary and supplemental stop lights, it can be considered for purposes of example that one pair of each stop light faces east/west while the other pairs face north/south.
After traffic flow has been stopped and traffic control re-established at the intersection, a certain period of time will have elapsed that can be assumed to be on the order of about two minutes. Once this initial period has elapsed, one pair of stoplights (for example, the east/west stoplights) will cease to display the "approaching target" display and will illuminate all the green LEDs present in the graphics display 14. In conjunction with the green LED display the verbal display 20 will display the word "green" as a verbal indicator that the traffic oncoming to the east/west supplemental stop lights should proceed through the intersection. This display is shown in FIG. 4.
Continuing this example, when the east/west stoplights begin to go green, the other pair of supplemental stop lights (for example, the north/south stop lights) will begin to go red, initially by ceasing to display the "approaching target" display. After the "approaching target" display is extinguished, the north/south supplemental stop lights illuminate all the red LEDs present in the graphics display 14. In conjunction with the red LED display, the verbal displays 20 of the north/south supplemental stop lights will display the word "red".
The clocks within the controllers 19 measure the time elapsed since the present displays were initiated. After a short period of time on the order of about two minutes has elapsed, the controllers 19 change exchange their displays with the east/west supplemental stop lights going red and the north/south supplemental stop lights going green. For increased safety, the supplemental stop lights going from red to green may delay their transition with respect to the other pair of supplemental stop lights in order to allow traffic passing through the intersection to complete the journey before allowing cross traffic to enter the intersection.
Manual control over the operation of the supplemental stop lights may be established via a remote control, such as the handheld transmitter 36 shown in FIG. 4. Alternatively, a remote control may be established through wires linking the supplemental stop lights. The handheld transmitter 36 has two buttons to control the operation of the supplemental stop lights. One button places an opposing pair of supplemental stop lights in the green display mode while the other pair are in the red mode. The other button reverses the displays with the first supplemental stop lights showing red and the other pair showing green.. As with the automatic operation of the supplemental stop lights set forth above, there may be a delay in the red to green transition.
Emergency traffic may use the supplemental stop light system of the present invention to usurp, modify, amend, or otherwise alter the control of the primary stop light system. Transmitters (potentially similar to the handheld transmitter 36) are present in emergency vehicles and become active when the emergency vehicle responds to an emergency call. Receivers (not shown) are present within the housing 10 and are coupled to the controller 19. Signals transmitted by the transmitters are received by the receivers and are in turn detected by the controller 19. When the transmitter signals are detected by the controller 19, emergency traffic control signals are implemented by the supplemental stop lights according to the direction of travel of the emergency vehicle(s).
For the supplemental stop lights controlling traffic perpendicular to the direction of travel of an emergency vehicle, the pair of supplemental stop lights display the "approaching target" graphic display and the word stop as set forth above. This display to the flow of traffic perpendicular to the direction of travel of the emergency vehicle is designed to bring the perpendicular traffic flow to a halt, thereby allowing the emergency vehicle to pass.
For the supplemental stop lights controlling traffic parallel to the emergency vehicle's direction, a different display is delivered. Instead of the "approaching target" display of the perpendicular flow supplemental stop lights, the parallel flow supplemental stop lights present a display that urges the traffic to stop and pull over to the right. The graphics display 14 displays a travelling right direction arrow of red 52 and green 54 LEDs. As the travelling right direction arrow moves across the graphics display 14 to the right, the verbal display 20 presents an alternating message of "right" in green LEDs with "stop" in red LEDs. In this way, traffic travelling parallel to the direction of travel of the emergency vehicle are informed of the emergency vehicle's approach and can take the appropriate action in response thereto.
To further add greater utility to the supplemental stop light system of the present invention when used to aid the travel of emergency vehicle's, the numeric display 28 can be used to indicate the distance the emergency vehicle is from the intersection. When the receiver in the housing 10 receives the transmitter's signal, the controller 19 may determine from that signal the distance the emergency vehicle is from the supplemental stop light. When the controller 19 so determines this distance, it can display this information to oncoming traffic by controlling the numeric display 28 to display a number representing the distance the emergency vehicle is from the intersection. As the emergency vehicle approaches the intersection, the number displayed by the numeric display 28 will change, reflecting the emergency vehicle's approach. Drivers in traffic seeing the number in the numeric display 28 are then made aware of the incipient approach of the emergency vehicle and can gauge the time in which they will have to act in order to allow the emergency vehicle to pass safely by.
Communication between the individual supplemental stop light units may be achieved by wires or electromagnetic transception. Alternatively, the individual units may each stand alone, any signals received being deciphered and interpreted by their controllers 19.
While the present invention has been described with regards to particular embodiments, it is recognized that additional variations of the present invention may be devised without departing from the inventive concept.


NOTICE – The Jan 21, 2019 monthly meeting is canceled.
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text:
Klassy Editing
Nawhty Kat
Planettopia Publishing
Special Guest A.L. Jackson
October 26, 2013 UncategorizedKathy
A.L. Jackson Information
Website www.aljacksonauthor.com
Facebook www.facebook.com/aljacksonauthor
Twitter www.twitter.com/aljacksonauthor
Pinterest www.pinterest.com/aljacksonauthor
Instagram @aljacksonauthor
A.L. Jackson is the New York Times bestselling author of Take This Regret and Lost to You, as well as other contemporary romance titles, including Pulled and When We Collide.
She first found a love for writing during her days as a young mother and college student. She filled the journals she carried with short stories and poems used as an emotional outlet for the difficulties and joys she found in day-to-day life.
Years later, she shared a short story she'd been working on with her two closest friends and, with their encouragement, this story became her first full length novel. A.L. now spends her days writing in Southern Arizona where she lives with her husband and three children. Her favorite pastime is spending time with the ones she loves.
Books by A.L. Jackson
Lost To You (The Regret Series 0.5)
People come into our lives. Some stay, and many go. Some build us up, while most tear us down. They become our friends, our enemies, our lovers, our tormentors.
Christian Davison came into mine, and I knew I'd never be the same.
To Elizabeth Ayers, New York City had always been a dream. She's worked her entire young life to make it here.
Groomed to one day take over his father's law firm, attending Columbia University was Christian Davison's only option.
Neither wanted anything more until they sat across from each other at a café table after being paired as study partners.
Christian wants her, but Elizabeth knows better than to give into their intense attraction. Yet there is little she can do to stay away.
Lost to You, the prequel to the bestselling romance, Take This Regret. A New Adult novella, recommended for readers 17+. It's unnecessary to have read Take This Regret to enjoy Lost to You.
Amazon http://amzn.to/18rW3GX
Barnes & Noble http://bit.ly/LTYNook
Goodreads http://bit.ly/LTYGoodreads
Take This Regret (The Regret Series 1.0)
There are some mistakes we make that we will regret for the rest of our lives. For Christian, it was the day he betrayed Elizabeth.
Christian Davison has a plan for his life. He is determined to become an attorney and to one day take his place as partner in his father's law firm. Nothing will stand in his way, not even Elizabeth Ayers and their unborn child.
After Christian cuts her from his life, Elizabeth spends the next five years struggling to provide for her daughter and willing to sacrifice anything to give her child a safe, comfortable life.
For five years, Christian has regretted the day he walked away from his family and will do anything to win them back just as Elizabeth will do anything to protect her daughter from the certain heartache she believes Christian will bring upon them.
When Christian wrestles his way into their lives, Elizabeth is faced with asking herself if it is possible to forgive someone when they've committed the unforgiveable and if it is possible to find a love after it has been buried in years of hate. Or are there some wounds that go so deep they can never heal?
They say everyone deserves a second chance.
Amazon http://amzn.to/TTREbook
Barnes & Noble http://bit.ly/TTRNook
Goodreads http://bit.ly/TTRGoodreads
If Forever Comes (The Regret Series 2.0)
If Forever Comes, the final chapter in the New York Times Bestselling Regret Series (Lost to You and Take This Regret).
Christian Davison's life is complete. With a ring on Elizabeth's finger and his daughter at his side, he's ready to run headlong into their future.
Elizabeth Ayers never believed she would again find this kind of joy—the joy of a family and the wholeness found in the touch of the man she's always loved.
Their love is intense and their passion only grows as they set out to rediscover each other.
But life is never easy.
Rocked by the unforeseen, Christian and Elizabeth will find themselves fighting for the one thing they hold most important—family.
Amazon http://bit.ly/IfForeverComes
Barnes & Noble http://bit.ly/173uemC
Goodreads http://bit.ly/IFCGoodreads
Come To Me Quietly (The Closer To You Series 1.0)
From the acclaimed bestselling author of Lost to You and When We Collide comes a new adult novel of one woman's obsession: a man who's as passionate as he is elusive—and as tempting as he is trouble.…
Aleena Moore is haunted by Jared Holt. It's been six years since she's seen her brother's best friend, the self-destructive bad boy she secretly loved in high school. As the years pass, she knows it's time to move on. Time to decide between a practical nursing degree and her true dream as an artist. Time to get over Jared and give another guy a chance…
Just when she opens her heart to her friend Gabe, Aly returns home to find Jared sleeping on her couch. The teenage boy she loved has grown into a man she can't resist. Covered in tattoos and lost in rage, he's begging to be saved from his demons—the memories of the day he destroyed his family. As the two reconnect, their passion is hot enough to torch Aly's judgment. But can she risk her future for a man who lives on the edge of destruction?
Amazon http://bit.ly/CTMQPreorder
Barnes & Noble http://bit.ly/CTMQBarnesAndNoble
Goodreads http://bit.ly/ComeQuietlyGoodreads
Melanie Winters and Daniel Montgomery shared a love most only dream of, a love they believed bonded them together for life. When their world is shattered by the tragic loss of their daughter, overwhelming grief and misguided guilt distorts the truth, and their relationship ends in uncertainty and unanswered questions.
For nine years, they drift through life, each unable to forget the one who holds the strings to their heart. In an attempt to escape the pain of her past, Melanie finds herself trapped in a loveless marriage, while Daniel loses himself in a career that means nothing without Melanie by his side.
Now, when their lives again intersect, neither can deny the connection they felt so long ago.
But will the power that drew them together be enough to heal the wounds from their past, and will they have the courage to overcome the insecurities and fears that threaten to keep them apart?
Pulled is a story of attraction and separation, of destiny and duty, of a love so strong it refuses to give up even when all others have.
Amazon http://amzn.to/PulledEbook
Barnes & Noble http://bit.ly/PulledNook
Goodreads http://bit.ly/PulledGoodreads
When We Collide
From the bestselling author of Pulled and Take This Regret comes a gripping new tale of loss and love.
William has spent six years running from his past and the last eight months trying to rid his mind of the dreams that increasingly haunt his nights. Trapped in a world of false ambitions and feigned affections, William knows he's reached a breaking point and something's going to give.
Maggie had lived her entire life without hope until one man showed her what it meant to be loved. He'd been her light in a lifetime of darkness. Six years ago, that darkness stole him away. Without him, she's surrendered herself to an existence she doesn't know how to escape.
When the family William left behind is struck by tragedy, he is called back to the one place he's sworn to never return to again.
In a moment that will change his life forever, William comes face to face with the girl who, with one look, captured his heart. He is unable to ignore the buried desires and the hope for the future they'd once believed they'd have.
Now William is ready to fight to take back what had been stolen from him six years before.
But he never imagined what that fight might cost him.
Amazon http://bit.ly/WWeCol
Barnes & Noble http://bit.ly/WWCNook
Goodreads http://bit.ly/WWCGoodreads
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Q: same value for seed used to create java Random on two machines If I use the same seed value for Random in  a java program and run this on two different machines ,will I get the same set of numbers?
for example
    long seed = 123L;//may be taken from some database or something
    java.util.Random ran = new java.util.Random(seed);
    int ret = 0;
    for (int i= 0; i< 10; i++){
        ret = ran.nextInt(1000);
        System.out.println("ret="+ret);
    }

I  always get
ret=782
ret=450
ret=176
ret=789
ret=795
ret=657
ret=834
ret=837
ret=585
ret=453

If I run this multiple times on my computer,I would get the same set of numbers.. but suppose someone manages to get the secret seed value I used(by guessing or from the secret location where it was stored) and run this code on his machine,will he get the same set of numbers?

A: Yes, the contract specifying the way in which random numbers are generated is the same in both cases, so they'll produce the same sequence of numbers if given the same seed. Implementations of Random must use prescribed algorithms in order to ensure that this is the case. A more precise way of putting it (from the relevant documentation) is:

If two instances of Random are created with the same seed, and the
  same sequence of method calls is made for each, they will generate and
  return identical sequences of numbers. In order to guarantee this
  property, particular algorithms are specified for the class Random.
  Java implementations must use all the algorithms shown here for the
  class Random, for the sake of absolute portability of Java code.
  However, subclasses of class Random are permitted to use other
  algorithms, so long as they adhere to the general contracts for all
  the methods.

A: The JRE should generate the same sequence of random numbers, given that they use same seed, and algorithm are used. The Java documentation on Random says:

If two instances of Random are created with the same seed, and the same sequence of method calls is made for each, they will generate and return identical sequences of numbers.

The algorithms are used by all JRE implementations, too:

In order to guarantee this property, particular algorithms are specified for the class Random. Java implementations must use all the algorithms shown here for the class Random, for the sake of absolute portability of Java code. However, subclasses of class Random are permitted to use other algorithms, so long as they adhere to the general contracts for all the methods.

A: Yes, thats the point.
For example: In Minecraft you can obtain level seeds to initialize the Random Generator, and everyboy with this seed will get the same map.
If you read the JavaDoc, you'll see that next(int bits) (and nextInt() is just next(32)) will update the seed to (seed * 0x5DEECE66DL + 0xBL) & ((1L << 48) - 1) and return (int)(seed >>> (48 - bits)). Thats always the same on any computer for the same seed.

A: Answer is yes because the way Random.nextInt() is impelmented. It simply uses the seed and does some calcuaiton to generate the numbers. The code does not use any mahcine specific params for the generation. Here is the code of nextInt():
 public int nextInt(int n) {
     if (n<=0)
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("n must be positive");

     if ((n & -n) == n)  // i.e., n is a power of 2
         return (int)((n * (long)next(31)) >> 31);

     int bits, val;
     do {
         bits = next(31);
         val = bits % n;
     } while(bits - val + (n-1) < 0);
     return val;
 }

Read more about Random nextInt method here:
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Random.html#nextInt(int)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Those with ladders and stairs in contrast have a rather slow upward climb that involves stages and steps towards the goal of enlightenment.
Flying is a lot easier!


text:
The Birth Registry is the first national clinical data registry* developed by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) that is centered around labor and delivery outcomes in the United States.
Its primary focus is capturing clinical data entered into the electronic health record (EHR) by providers. Through clinical performance measures and data quality metrics, The Birth Registry provides a unique opportunity for providers to better understand the overall quality of the maternity care provided within their institution.
ACOG leverages the collected Birth Registry data to:
Benchmark quality outcomes for participants
Understand the drivers of labor and delivery outcomes
Develop and implement educational programs on maternity care
Gain insight for future ACOG initiatives
Inform best practice guidelines
*The Birth Registry is not a QCDR.
Why Was The Birth Registry Developed?
The United States has one of the worst rates of maternal mortality among developed nations, yet there is currently no national system for reporting maternal complications. The Birth Registry serves as a method for determining local and national benchmarks, sharing performance on quality metrics with participating institutions, and identifying opportunities for care improvement initiatives in order to improve care for women in labor and delivery.
Our Data Advisory Group
The Birth Registry Data Advisory Group is a group of multidisciplinary women's health professionals that has been convened to advise on the development of meaningful performance metrics that reflect the quality of maternal care women receive and related outcomes. Click through the slides below to get to know the group members!
Christian Macedonia, M.D.
Dr. Christian Macedonia, M.D. is the Managing Partner and CEO of Lancaster Maternal Fetal Medicine based in Lancaster Pennsylvania. Prior to working in Lancaster, he served for three decades in the US Government as a physician leader, scientist, and policy expert. He is a pioneer in telemedicine and in advanced ultrasound technology development as well as a leader in government sponsored biomedical research. This includes work on the White House Sponsored BRAIN Project. Dr. Macedonia is an avid explorer and has carried out scientific expeditions with the Explorers Club on Mt Everest, the Ecuadorian Amazon, and completed a marine archeology submersible dive to the RMS Titanic. After leaving his full-time faculty position at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine he remains a volunteer Associate Professor in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics. He is a medical graduate of the Uniformed Services University School of Medicine in Bethesda Maryland and completed a combined MFM fellowship (with a concentration in bioinformatics) at Georgetown University and the National Institutes of Health.
Joia Adele Crear-Perry, MD, FACOG
Founder and President of the National Birth Equity Collaborative, Dr. Crear-Perry recently addressed the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights to urge a human rights framework to improve maternal mortality. Previously, she served as the Executive Director of the Birthing Project, Director of Women's and Children's Services at Jefferson Community Healthcare Center and as the Director of Clinical Services for the City of New Orleans Health Department where she was responsible for four facilities that provided health care for the homeless, pediatric, WIC, and gynecologic services within the New Orleans clinical service area.
Dr. Crear-Perry testified before the House Energy and Commerce Committee as the Democratic witness in support of the only Maternal Health Bill signed into law since the new Administration came into office. Dr. Crear-Perry currently serves as a Principal at Health Equity Cypher and on the Board of Trustees for Black Mamas Matter Alliance, Community Catalyst, National Clinical Training Center for Family Planning and the UCSF PTBi.
Dr. Crear-Perry completed her medical degree at Louisiana State University and her residency in Obstetrics and Gynecology at Tulane University's School of Medicine. She was also recognized as a Fellow of the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. She is married to Dr. Andre Perry and has three children: Jade, Carlos, and Robeson.
Cathy Ivory, PhD, RN, BC, RNC-OB
Dr. Cathy Ivory is the Senior Director of Nursing Research at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, TN. She is an OB nurse,an informatics nurse and a health services researcher with special interest in using perinatal data to make decisions and to quantify outcomes. Dr. Ivory was the 2014 President of the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN).
David C. Lagrew Jr., MD
Dr. Lagrew is a maternal fetal medicine specialist and physician informaticist with a special interest in maternal quality improvement. Dr. Lagrew currently serves as Executive Medical Director of Women's and Children's services for Providence St. Joseph-Southern California which includes delivery services doing over 31,000 deliveries per year. He has been charged with developing the individual Ministries Clinical Institutes and systematizing Women's and Children's Health. Dr. Lagrew serves as co-chair for the Providence St. Joseph Health system's focus group on normal and high-risk obstetrics. Dr. Lagrew currently is a member of the Executive Committees of the California Maternal Quality Care Collaborative (CMQCC) and California Maternal Data Center. He co-chairs the CMQCC Hemorrhage and Intended Vaginal Birth Taskforces and co-edited the CMQCC Hemorrhage and Primary Cesarean Section reduction toolkits and helped author the Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health Bundles for the same topics. He holds triple board certification in Obstetrics/Gynecology, Maternal Fetal Medicine and Clinical Informatics. In addition to these administrative and leadership roles he continues to active in authoring numerous peer reviewed publications and book chapters. He is a clinical professor in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine.
Monica R. McLemore PhD, MPH, RN
At the University of California, San Francisco, Monica McLemore is a tenured associate professor in the Family Health Care Nursing Department, an affiliated scientist with Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health, and a member of the Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health. She retired from clinical practice as a public health and staff nurse after a 28-year clinical nursing career. Her program of research is focused on understanding reproductive health and justice. She has 49 peer reviewed articles, OpEds and commentaries and her research has been cited in the Huffington Post, Lavender Health, two amicus briefs to the Supreme Court of the United States, and a National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine report. Her work has appeared in publications such as Dame Magazine, Politico, ProPublica/NPR and she made a voice appearance in Terrance Nance's HBO series Random Acts of Flyness. Her work was published in the 2019 Future of Medicine edition of Scientific American as a data visualization project entitled How To Fix Maternal Mortality: The First Step is to stop blaming women. She is an elected member of the governing council for Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) section of the American Public Health Association and is incoming chair-elect of the SRH section. She is the recipient of numerous awards and will be inducted into the American Academy of Nursing in October, 2019.
Shon Rowan, MD
Shon Rowan works as an Obstetrician Gynecologist at West Virginia University where he is an Associate Professor. His practice focuses on infertility as well as robotic surgery. He has served as Program Director as well as the Medical Director for Quality Improvement. He is currently WV Section Vice Chair for ACOG. He lives in Morgantown with his wife Michelle and their 3 children.
Erin Snowden, DHSc, MPH
How much time does it take to be a part of The Birth Registry?
After you complete the interest form, a member of The Birth Registry team will reach out to you within two business days. The complete onboarding process is dependent upon the signing of all required documents by your facility's leadership and ACOG, and successful integration of your EHR with the registry vendor. This timeline may vary among participating sites.
How much does it cost to enroll in The Birth Registry?
There is currently no cost to enroll or participate in The Birth Registry for the first year. Future fees will be determined based on a scale that considers the number of a facility's births per year. These fees will take effect in the second year and will be communicated to each facility at the time of enrollment.
Does data have to be manually submitted?
No, The Birth Registry was designed to utilize clinical data entered by providers at the point of care and the data is extracted directly from the EHR without the need for burdensome chart abstraction and double data entry.
How will data pulled from the hospital EHR be used by ACOG?
ACOG is a strong advocate of data privacy and will only use de-identified, aggregate data. We will not analyze, report, or sell patient or provider-identifiable data. Data pulled from the EHR will be used to share impactful quality metrics back to participating sites and ultimately improve maternity care and outcomes.


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Q: I can run a script locally, but cannot do "ssh HOSTNAME /path/to/script.sh" I have a linux server, and a linux desktop.
I have written the following simple script to dump the database of a django web application:
#! /bin/bash
set -o errexit

cd $(dirname $0)

. virtualenv/bin/activate

cd mysite

export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE="settings.my_hostname"
django-admin.py dumpdata --settings=$DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE > database.json

The programme django-admin.py requires the DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE environmental variable to work properly.
If I ssh into the machine, ssh HOSTNAME, and then run the script /var/www/example.com/dumper.sh from the bash terminal on the remote host, and everything works fine. I get no output (as expected), and the file database.json is there and has the right data.
However (on my linux desktop), I cannot run this command: "ssh HOSTNAME /var/www/example.com/dumper.sh`` and I get the following error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/bin/django-admin.py", line 5, in <module>
    management.execute_from_command_line()
  File "/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 429, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 379, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 261, in fetch_command
    klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
  File "/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 67, in load_command_class
    module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name))
  File "/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/dumpdata.py", line 4, in <module>
    from django.db import connections, router, DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS
  File "/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 14, in <module>
    if not settings.DATABASES:
  File "/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 276, in __getattr__
    self._setup()
  File "/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 42, in _setup
    self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
  File "/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 89, in __init__
    raise ImportError("Could not import settings '%s' (Is it on sys.path?): %s" % (self.SETTINGS_MODULE, e))
ImportError: Could not import settings 'settings.my_hostname' (Is it on sys.path?): No module named settings.my_hostname

It's as if the export command isn't being run, or isn't taking effect.
Why doesn't this work? (Or alternatively should it work? Am I mistaken in thinking that this should work?)
Update №1
On @faker's suggestion, I put echo $PATH in the script before the call to django-admin.py. The . virtualenv/bin/activate changes the shell path. I get a path of /var/www/example.com/virtualenv/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/games when I run it via ssh HOSTNAME /path/to/script.sh, and after logging in I get /var/www/example.com/virtualenv/bin:/home/rory/bin/:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/games. The only difference is the ~/bin part, but I did a which django-admin.py aswell, and in both instances it's using /var/www/example.com/virtualenv/bin/django-admin.py so in both instances it's using the same programme for the django-admin.py command.
Update №2
On @Andrew Schulman's advice of the same, but for $PYTHONPATH. PYTHONPATH was empty in both cases. However I added python -c 'import sys; print sys.path' instead of just echo $PYTHONPATH, and got different results.
When I ssh into HOSTNAME and run script manually (the one that works):
['', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/distribute-0.6.10-py2.6.egg', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip-1.0.2-py2.6.egg', '/var/www/example.com/mysite', '/home/rory/code/python/lib', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/plat-linux2', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/lib-tk', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/lib-old', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload', '/usr/lib/python2.6', '/usr/lib/python2.6/plat-linux2', '/usr/lib/python2.6/lib-tk', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages']

When I invoke the script over ssh (this doesn't work):
['', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/distribute-0.6.10-py2.6.egg', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip-1.0.2-py2.6.egg', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/plat-linux2', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/lib-tk', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/lib-old', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload', '/usr/lib/python2.6', '/usr/lib/python2.6/plat-linux2', '/usr/lib/python2.6/lib-tk', '/var/www/example.com/virtualenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages']

The working version has a /var/www/example.com/mysite. The settings file is located in /var/www/example.com/mysite/settings/my_hostname.py. This makes sense since the working invokcation can load the file.
Why isn't the 'remotely invoked' version getting that on it's python path?

A: Change your script and put -l after the shebang. so #!/bin/bash -l
Alternatively change your ssh command to ssh HOSTNAME bash -l /var/www/example.com/dumper.sh
Rationale:
When you run ssh HOSTNAME command instead of just ssh HOSTNAME, the shell used to launch command is not a 'login' shell, and so different scripts get called (See the INVOCATION section of man bash) which results in your environment being setup differently.

A: I have discovered that you need to quote the bash line for it to recognize the -l properly, like this:
ssh HOSTNAME "bash -l /path/to/script.sh"

A: When running cmd over ssh in one line, the .profile is not read.
To test, try this:
ssh host env

Use this instead to fix this issue (quotes are compulsory):
ssh host '. ~/.profile; cmd'

eg:
ssh HOSTNAME '. ~/.bashrc; /var/www/example.com/dumper.sh'


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Q: How to Prevent Multiple Instances of the Same Microservice Reading the Same Message from an ActiveMQ Artemis Topic This question is similar to the one here, but I'm not sure how to get this working
I have an ActiveMQ Artemis Broker v 2.16.0 and Spring microservice projects with spring-jms 5.3.3. I have two microservices, A and B, that subscribe to a topic. Because of high workload, I have two instances of microservice A running. How can I configure both instances of microservice A to connect to the topic but not consume the same messages?

A: Generally speaking, every JMS topic subscriber gets every message sent to the topic. However, JMS 2 introduced the concept of a "shared" subscription where 2 subscribers share the same subscription so only one of them will get any particular message. You need to invoke setSubscriptionShared(true) when you configure your JMS listener container factory in order to enable this behavior.