text:
package hudson;

import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
import com.google.common.collect.Sets;
import hudson.PluginManager.PluginInstanceStore;
import hudson.model.AdministrativeMonitor;
import hudson.model.Api;
import hudson.model.ModelObject;
import hudson.model.UpdateCenter;
import hudson.model.UpdateSite;
import hudson.util.VersionNumber;
import io.jenkins.lib.versionnumber.JavaSpecificationVersion;
import jenkins.YesNoMaybe;
import jenkins.model.Jenkins;
import jenkins.util.java.JavaUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.kohsuke.accmod.Restricted;
import org.kohsuke.accmod.restrictions.DoNotUse;
import org.kohsuke.accmod.restrictions.NoExternalUse;
import org.kohsuke.stapler.HttpResponse;
import org.kohsuke.stapler.HttpResponses;
import org.kohsuke.stapler.StaplerRequest;
import org.kohsuke.stapler.StaplerResponse;
import org.kohsuke.stapler.export.Exported;
import org.kohsuke.stapler.export.ExportedBean;
import org.kohsuke.stapler.interceptor.RequirePOST;

import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;
import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.InvalidPathException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.function.Predicate;
import java.util.jar.JarFile;
import java.util.jar.Manifest;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import static hudson.PluginWrapper.PluginDisableStatus.ALREADY_DISABLED;
import static hudson.PluginWrapper.PluginDisableStatus.DISABLED;
import static hudson.PluginWrapper.PluginDisableStatus.ERROR_DISABLING;
import static hudson.PluginWrapper.PluginDisableStatus.NOT_DISABLED_DEPENDANTS;
import static hudson.PluginWrapper.PluginDisableStatus.NO_SUCH_PLUGIN;
import static java.util.logging.Level.WARNING;
import jenkins.plugins.DetachedPluginsUtil;
import static org.apache.commons.io.FilenameUtils.getBaseName;

/**
 * Represents a Jenkins plug-in and associated control information
 * for Jenkins to control {@link Plugin}.
 *
 *

 * A plug-in is packaged into a jar file whose extension is {@code ".jpi"} (or {@code ".hpi"} for backward compatibility),
 * A plugin needs to have a special manifest entry to identify what it is.
 *
 *

 * At the runtime, a plugin has two distinct state axis.
 *

 *
Enabled/Disabled. If enabled, Jenkins is going to use it
 *      next time Jenkins runs. Otherwise the next run will ignore it.
 *
Activated/Deactivated. If activated, that means Jenkins is using
 *      the plugin in this session. Otherwise it's not.
 *

 *

 * For example, an activated but disabled plugin is still running but the next
 * time it won't.
 *
 * @author Kohsuke Kawaguchi
 */
@ExportedBean
public class PluginWrapper implements Comparable<PluginWrapper>, ModelObject {
    /**
     * A plugin won't be loaded unless his declared dependencies are present and match the required minimal version.
     * This can be set to false to disable the version check (legacy behaviour)
     */
    private static final boolean ENABLE_PLUGIN_DEPENDENCIES_VERSION_CHECK = Boolean.parseBoolean(System.getProperty(PluginWrapper.class.getName()+"." + "dependenciesVersionCheck.enabled", "true"));

    /**
     * {@link PluginManager} to which this belongs to.
     */
    public final PluginManager parent;

    /**
     * Plugin manifest.
     * Contains description of the plugin.
     */
    private final Manifest manifest;

    /**
     * {@link ClassLoader} for loading classes from this plugin.
     * Null if disabled.
     */
    public final ClassLoader classLoader;

    /**
     * Base URL for loading static resources from this plugin.
     * Null if disabled. The static resources are mapped under
     * {@code CONTEXTPATH/plugin/SHORTNAME/}.
     */
    public final URL baseResourceURL;

    /**
     * Used to control enable/disable setting of the plugin.
     * If this file exists, plugin will be disabled.
     */
    private final File disableFile;

    /**
     * A .jpi file, an exploded plugin directory, or a .jpl file.
     */
    private final File archive;

    /**
     * Short name of the plugin. The artifact Id of the plugin.
     * This is also used in the URL within Jenkins, so it needs
     * to remain stable even when the *.jpi file name is changed
     * (like Maven does.)
     */
    private final String shortName;

    /**
     * True if this plugin is activated for this session.
     * The snapshot of {@code disableFile.exists()} as of the start up.
     */
    private final boolean active;

    private boolean hasCycleDependency = false;

    private final List<Dependency> dependencies;
    private final List<Dependency> optionalDependencies;

    public List<String> getDependencyErrors() {
        return Collections.unmodifiableList(new ArrayList<>(dependencyErrors.keySet()));
    }

    @Restricted(NoExternalUse.class) // Jelly use
    public List<String> getOriginalDependencyErrors() {
        Predicate<Map.Entry<String, Boolean>> p = Map.Entry::getValue;
        return dependencyErrors.entrySet().stream().filter(p.negate()).map(Map.Entry::getKey).collect(Collectors.toList());
    }

    @Restricted(NoExternalUse.class) // Jelly use
    public boolean hasOriginalDependencyErrors() {
        return !getOriginalDependencyErrors().isEmpty();
    }

    @Restricted(NoExternalUse.class) // Jelly use
    public List<String> getDerivedDependencyErrors() {
        return dependencyErrors.entrySet().stream().filter(Map.Entry::getValue).map(Map.Entry::getKey).collect(Collectors.toList());
    }

    @Restricted(NoExternalUse.class) // Jelly use
    public boolean hasDerivedDependencyErrors() {
        return !getDerivedDependencyErrors().isEmpty();
    }

    /**
     * A String error message, and a boolean indicating whether it's an original error (false) or downstream from an original one (true)
     */
    private final transient Map<String, Boolean> dependencyErrors = new HashMap<>(0);

    /**
     * Is this plugin bundled in jenkins.war?
     */
    /*package*/ boolean isBundled;

    /**
     * List of plugins that depend on this plugin.
     */
    private Set<String> dependents = Collections.emptySet();

    /**
     * List of plugins that depend optionally on this plugin.
     */
    private Set<String> optionalDependents = Collections.emptySet();

    /**
     * The core can depend on a plugin if it is bundled. Sometimes it's the only thing that
     * depends on the plugin e.g. UI support library bundle plugin.
     */
    private static Set<String> CORE_ONLY_DEPENDANT = ImmutableSet.copyOf(Arrays.asList("jenkins-core"));

    /**
     * Set the list of components that depend on this plugin.
     * @param dependents The list of components that depend on this plugin.
     */
    public void setDependents(@Nonnull Set<String> dependents) {
        this.dependents = dependents;
    }

    /**
     * @deprecated Please use {@link setDependents}.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public void setDependants(@Nonnull Set<String> dependents) {
        setDependents(dependents);
    }

    /**
     * Set the list of components that depend optionally on this plugin.
     * @param optionalDependents The list of components that depend optionally on this plugin.
     */
    public void setOptionalDependents(@Nonnull Set<String> optionalDependents) {
        this.optionalDependents = optionalDependents;
    }

    /**
     * @deprecated Please use {@link setOptionalDependents}.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public void setOptionalDependants(@Nonnull Set<String> optionalDependents) {
        setOptionalDependents(dependents);
    }

    /**
     * Get the list of components that depend on this plugin.
     * Note that the list will include elements of {@link #getOptionalDependents}.
     * @return The list of components that depend on this plugin.
     */
    public @Nonnull Set<String> getDependents() {
        if (isBundled && dependents.isEmpty()) {
            return CORE_ONLY_DEPENDANT;
        } else {
            return dependents;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @deprecated Please use {@link getDependents}.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public @Nonnull Set<String> getDependants() {
        return getDependents();
    }

    /**
     * Like {@link #getDependents} but excluding optional dependencies.
     * @since TODO
     */
    public @Nonnull Set<String> getMandatoryDependents() {
        Set<String> s = new HashSet<>(dependents);
        s.removeAll(optionalDependents);
        return s;
    }

    /**
     * @return The list of components that depend optionally on this plugin.
     */
    public @Nonnull Set<String> getOptionalDependents() {
        return optionalDependents;
    }

    /**
     * @deprecated Please use {@link getOptionalDependents}.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public @Nonnull Set<String> getOptionalDependants() {
        return getOptionalDependents();
    }

    /**
     * Does this plugin have anything that depends on it.
     * Note that optional dependents are included.
     * @return {@code true} if something (Jenkins core, or another plugin) depends on this
     * plugin, otherwise {@code false}.
     */
    public boolean hasDependents() {
        return (isBundled || !dependents.isEmpty());
    }

    /**
     * Like {@link #hasDependents} but excluding optional dependencies.
     * @since TODO
     */
    public boolean hasMandatoryDependents() {
        if (isBundled) {
            return true;
        }
        return dependents.stream().anyMatch(d -> !optionalDependents.contains(d));
    }

    /**
     * @deprecated Please use {@link hasDependents}.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public boolean hasDependants() {
        return hasDependents();
    }

    /**
     * Does this plugin have anything that depends optionally on it.
     * @return {@code true} if something (Jenkins core, or another plugin) depends optionally on this
     * plugin, otherwise {@code false}.
     */
    public boolean hasOptionalDependents() {
        return !optionalDependents.isEmpty();
    }

    /**
     * @deprecated Please use {@link hasOptionalDependents}.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public boolean hasOptionalDependants() {
        return hasOptionalDependents();
    }

    /**
     * Does this plugin depend on any other plugins.
     * Note that this include optional dependencies.
     * @return {@code true} if this plugin depends on other plugins, otherwise {@code false}.
     */
    public boolean hasDependencies() {
        return !dependencies.isEmpty();
    }

    /**
     * Like {@link #hasDependencies} but omitting optional dependencies.
     * @since TODO
     */
    public boolean hasMandatoryDependencies() {
        return dependencies.stream().anyMatch(d -> !d.optional);
    }

    @ExportedBean
    public static final class Dependency {
        @Exported
        public final String shortName;
        @Exported
        public final String version;
        @Exported
        public final boolean optional;

        public Dependency(String s) {
            int idx = s.indexOf(':');
            if(idx==-1)
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal dependency specifier "+s);
            this.shortName = Util.intern(s.substring(0,idx));
            String version = Util.intern(s.substring(idx+1));

            boolean isOptional = false;
            String[] osgiProperties = version.split("[;]");
            for (int i = 1; i < osgiProperties.length; i++) {
                String osgiProperty = osgiProperties[i].trim();
                if (osgiProperty.equalsIgnoreCase("resolution:=optional")) {
                    isOptional = true;
                }
            }
            this.optional = isOptional;
            if (isOptional) {
                this.version = osgiProperties[0];
            } else {
                this.version = version;
            }
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return shortName + " (" + version + ")" + (optional ? " optional" : "");
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param archive
     *      A .jpi archive file jar file, or a .jpl linked plugin.
     *  @param manifest
     *  	The manifest for the plugin
     *  @param baseResourceURL
     *  	A URL pointing to the resources for this plugin
     *  @param classLoader
     *  	a classloader that loads classes from this plugin and its dependencies
     *  @param disableFile
     *  	if this file exists on startup, the plugin will not be activated
     *  @param dependencies a list of mandatory dependencies
     *  @param optionalDependencies a list of optional dependencies
     */
    public PluginWrapper(PluginManager parent, File archive, Manifest manifest, URL baseResourceURL,
			ClassLoader classLoader, File disableFile,
			List<Dependency> dependencies, List<Dependency> optionalDependencies) {
        this.parent = parent;
		this.manifest = manifest;
		this.shortName = Util.intern(computeShortName(manifest, archive.getName()));
		this.baseResourceURL = baseResourceURL;
		this.classLoader = classLoader;
		this.disableFile = disableFile;
		this.active = !disableFile.exists();
		this.dependencies = dependencies;
		this.optionalDependencies = optionalDependencies;
        for (Dependency d : optionalDependencies) {
            assert d.optional : d + " included among optionalDependencies of " + shortName + " but was not marked optional";
        }
        this.archive = archive;
    }

    public String getDisplayName() {
        return StringUtils.removeStart(getLongName(), "Jenkins ");
    }

    public Api getApi() {
        Jenkins.get().checkPermission(Jenkins.ADMINISTER);
        return new Api(this);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the URL of the index page jelly script.
     */
    public URL getIndexPage() {
        // In the current impl dependencies are checked first, so the plugin itself
        // will add the last entry in the getResources result.
        URL idx = null;
        try {
            Enumeration<URL> en = classLoader.getResources("index.jelly");
            while (en.hasMoreElements())
                idx = en.nextElement();
        } catch (IOException ignore) { }
        // In case plugin has dependencies but is missing its own index.jelly,
        // check that result has this plugin's artifactId in it:
        return idx != null && idx.toString().contains(shortName) ? idx : null;
    }

    static String computeShortName(Manifest manifest, String fileName) {
        // use the name captured in the manifest, as often plugins
        // depend on the specific short name in its URLs.
        String n = manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Short-Name");
        if(n!=null)     return n;

        // maven seems to put this automatically, so good fallback to check.
        n = manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Extension-Name");
        if(n!=null)     return n;

        // otherwise infer from the file name, since older plugins don't have
        // this entry.
        return getBaseName(fileName);
    }

    /**
     * Gets all dependencies of this plugin on other plugins.
     * Note that the list will usually include the members of {@link #getOptionalDependencies}
     * (missing optional dependencies will however be omitted).
     */
    @Exported
    public List<Dependency> getDependencies() {
        return dependencies;
    }

    /**
     * Like {@link #getDependencies} but omits optional dependencies.
     * @since TODO
     */
    public List<Dependency> getMandatoryDependencies() {
        return dependencies.stream().filter(d -> !d.optional).collect(Collectors.toList());
    }

    public List<Dependency> getOptionalDependencies() {
        return optionalDependencies;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the short name suitable for URL.
     */
    @Exported
    public String getShortName() {
        return shortName;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the instance of {@link Plugin} contributed by this plugin.
     */
    public @CheckForNull Plugin getPlugin() {
        PluginInstanceStore pis = Jenkins.lookup(PluginInstanceStore.class);
        return pis != null ? pis.store.get(this) : null;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the URL that shows more information about this plugin.
     * @return
     *      null if this information is unavailable.
     * @since 1.283
     */
    @Exported
    public String getUrl() {
        // first look for the manifest entry. This is new in maven-hpi-plugin 1.30
        String url = manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Url");
        if(url!=null)      return url;

        // fallback to update center metadata
        UpdateSite.Plugin ui = getInfo();
        if(ui!=null)    return ui.wiki;

        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Plugin:" + getShortName();
    }

    /**
     * Returns a one-line descriptive name of this plugin.
     */
    @Exported
    public String getLongName() {
        String name = manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Long-Name");
        if(name!=null)      return name;
        return shortName;
    }

    /**
     * Does this plugin supports dynamic loading?
     */
    @Exported
    public YesNoMaybe supportsDynamicLoad() {
        String v = manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Support-Dynamic-Loading");
        if (v==null) return YesNoMaybe.MAYBE;
        return Boolean.parseBoolean(v) ? YesNoMaybe.YES : YesNoMaybe.NO;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the version number of this plugin
     */
    @Exported
    public String getVersion() {
        return getVersionOf(manifest);
    }

    private String getVersionOf(Manifest manifest) {
        String v = manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Plugin-Version");
        if(v!=null)      return v;

        // plugins generated before maven-hpi-plugin 1.3 should still have this attribute
        v = manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Implementation-Version");
        if(v!=null)      return v;

        return "???";
    }

    /**
     * Returns the required Jenkins core version of this plugin.
     * @return the required Jenkins core version of this plugin.
     * @since 2.16
     */
    @Exported
    public @CheckForNull String getRequiredCoreVersion() {
        String v = manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Jenkins-Version");
        if (v!= null) return v;

        v = manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Hudson-Version");
        if (v!= null) return v;
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the minimum Java version of this plugin, as specified in the plugin metadata.
     * Generally coming from the java.level extracted as MANIFEST's metadata with
     * this addition on the plugins' parent pom.
     *
     * @see maven-hpi-plugin#PR-75.
     *
     * @since TODO
     */
    @Exported
    public @CheckForNull String getMinimumJavaVersion() {
        return manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Minimum-Java-Version");
    }

    /**
     * Returns the version number of this plugin
     */
    public VersionNumber getVersionNumber() {
        return new VersionNumber(getVersion());
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the version of this plugin is older than the given version.
     */
    public boolean isOlderThan(VersionNumber v) {
        try {
            return getVersionNumber().compareTo(v) < 0;
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            // if we can't figure out our current version, it probably means it's very old,
            // since the version information is missing only from the very old plugins
            return true;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Terminates the plugin.
     */
    public void stop() {
        Plugin plugin = getPlugin();
        if (plugin != null) {
            try {
                LOGGER.log(Level.FINE, "Stopping {0}", shortName);
                plugin.stop();
            } catch (Throwable t) {
                LOGGER.log(WARNING, "Failed to shut down " + shortName, t);
            }
        } else {
            LOGGER.log(Level.FINE, "Could not find Plugin instance to stop for {0}", shortName);
        }
        // Work around a bug in commons-logging.
        // See http://www.szegedi.org/articles/memleak.html
        LogFactory.release(classLoader);
    }

    public void releaseClassLoader() {
        if (classLoader instanceof Closeable)
            try {
                ((Closeable) classLoader).close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                LOGGER.log(WARNING, "Failed to shut down classloader",e);
            }
    }

    /**
     * Enables this plugin next time Jenkins runs.
     */
    public void enable() throws IOException {
        if (!disableFile.exists()) {
            LOGGER.log(Level.FINEST, "Plugin {0} has been already enabled. Skipping the enable() operation", getShortName());
            return;
        }
        if(!disableFile.delete())
            throw new IOException("Failed to delete "+disableFile);
    }

    /**
     * Disables this plugin next time Jenkins runs. As it doesn't check anything, it's recommended to use the method
     * {@link #disable(PluginDisableStrategy)}
     */
    @Deprecated //see https://issues.jenkins-ci.org/browse/JENKINS-27177
    public void disable() throws IOException {
        disableWithoutCheck();
    }

    /**
     * Disable a plugin wihout checking any dependency. Only add the disable file.
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private void disableWithoutCheck() throws IOException {
        // creates an empty file
        try (OutputStream os = Files.newOutputStream(disableFile.toPath())) {
            os.close();
        } catch (InvalidPathException e) {
            throw new IOException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Disable this plugin using a strategy.
     * @param strategy strategy to use
     * @return an object representing the result of the disablement of this plugin and its dependents plugins.
     */
    public @Nonnull PluginDisableResult disable(@Nonnull PluginDisableStrategy strategy) {
        PluginDisableResult result = new PluginDisableResult(shortName);

        if (!this.isEnabled()) {
            result.setMessage(Messages.PluginWrapper_Already_Disabled(shortName));
            result.setStatus(ALREADY_DISABLED);
            return result;
        }

        // Act as a flag indicating if this plugin, finally, can be disabled. If there is a not-disabled-dependent
        // plugin, this one couldn't be disabled.
        String aDependentNotDisabled = null;

        // List of dependents plugins to 'check'. 'Check' means disable for mandatory or all strategies, or review if
        // this dependent-mandatory plugin is enabled in order to return an error for the NONE strategy.
        Set<String> dependentsToCheck = dependentsToCheck(strategy);

        // Review all the dependents and add to the plugin result what happened with its dependents
        for (String dependent : dependentsToCheck) {
            PluginWrapper dependentPlugin = parent.getPlugin(dependent);

            // The dependent plugin doesn't exist, add an error to the report
            if (dependentPlugin == null) {
                PluginDisableResult dependentStatus = new PluginDisableResult(dependent, NO_SUCH_PLUGIN, Messages.PluginWrapper_NoSuchPlugin(dependent));
                result.addDependentDisableStatus(dependentStatus);

            // If the strategy is none and there is some enabled dependent plugin, the plugin cannot be disabled. If
            // this dependent plugin is not enabled, continue searching for one enabled.
            } else if (strategy.equals(PluginDisableStrategy.NONE)) {
                if (dependentPlugin.isEnabled()) {
                    aDependentNotDisabled = dependent;
                    break; // in this case, we don't need to continue with the rest of its dependents
                }

            // If the strategy is not none and this dependent plugin is not enabled, add it as already disabled
            } else if (!dependentPlugin.isEnabled()) {
                PluginDisableResult dependentStatus = new PluginDisableResult(dependent, ALREADY_DISABLED, Messages.PluginWrapper_Already_Disabled(dependent));
                result.addDependentDisableStatus(dependentStatus);

            // If the strategy is not none and this dependent plugin is enabled, disable it
            } else {
                // As there is no cycles in the plugin dependencies, the recursion shouldn't be infinite. The
                // strategy used is the same for its dependents plugins
                PluginDisableResult dependentResult = dependentPlugin.disable(strategy);
                PluginDisableStatus dependentStatus = dependentResult.status;

                // If something wrong happened, flag this dependent plugin to set the plugin later as not-disabled due
                // to its dependents plugins.
                if (ERROR_DISABLING.equals(dependentStatus) || NOT_DISABLED_DEPENDANTS.equals(dependentStatus)) {
                    aDependentNotDisabled = dependent;
                    break; // we found a dependent plugin enabled, stop looking for dependent plugins to disable.
                }
                result.addDependentDisableStatus(dependentResult);
            }
        }

        // If there is no enabled-dependent plugin, disable this plugin and add it to the result
        if (aDependentNotDisabled == null) {
            try {
                this.disableWithoutCheck();
                result.setMessage(Messages.PluginWrapper_Plugin_Disabled(shortName));
                result.setStatus(DISABLED);
            } catch (IOException io) {
                result.setMessage(Messages.PluginWrapper_Error_Disabling(shortName, io.toString()));
                result.setStatus(ERROR_DISABLING);
            }
        // if there is yet some not disabled dependent plugin (only possible with none strategy), this plugin cannot
        // be disabled.
        } else {
            result.setMessage(Messages.PluginWrapper_Plugin_Has_Dependent(shortName, aDependentNotDisabled, strategy));
            result.setStatus(NOT_DISABLED_DEPENDANTS);
        }

        return result;
    }

    private Set<String> dependentsToCheck(PluginDisableStrategy strategy) {
        Set<String> dependentsToCheck;
        switch (strategy) {
            case ALL:
                // getDependents returns all the dependent plugins, mandatory or optional.
                dependentsToCheck = this.getDependents();
                break;
            default:
                // It includes MANDATORY, NONE:
                // with NONE, the process only fail if mandatory dependent plugins exists
                // As of getDependents has all the dependents, we get the difference between them and only the optionals
                dependentsToCheck = Sets.difference(this.getDependents(), this.getOptionalDependents());
        }
        return dependentsToCheck;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if this plugin is enabled for this session.
     */
    @Exported
    public boolean isActive() {
        return active && !hasCycleDependency();
    }

    public boolean hasCycleDependency(){
        return hasCycleDependency;
    }

    public void setHasCycleDependency(boolean hasCycle){
        hasCycleDependency = hasCycle;
    }

    /**
     * Is this plugin bundled in the WAR?
     * Normally false as noted in {@link PluginManager#loadBundledPlugins}:
     * this does not apply to "detached" plugins.
     */
    @Exported
    public boolean isBundled() {
        return isBundled;
    }

    /**
     * If true, the plugin is going to be activated next time
     * Jenkins runs.
     */
    @Exported
    public boolean isEnabled() {
        return !disableFile.exists();
    }

    public Manifest getManifest() {
        return manifest;
    }

    public void setPlugin(Plugin plugin) {
        Jenkins.lookup(PluginInstanceStore.class).store.put(this,plugin);
        plugin.wrapper = this;
    }

    public String getPluginClass() {
        return manifest.getMainAttributes().getValue("Plugin-Class");
    }

    public boolean hasLicensesXml() {
        try {
            new URL(baseResourceURL,"WEB-INF/licenses.xml").openStream().close();
            return true;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Makes sure that all the dependencies exist, and then accept optional dependencies
     * as real dependencies.
     *
     * @throws IOException
     *             thrown if one or several mandatory dependencies doesn't exists.
     */
    /*package*/ void resolvePluginDependencies() throws IOException {
        if (ENABLE_PLUGIN_DEPENDENCIES_VERSION_CHECK) {
            String requiredCoreVersion = getRequiredCoreVersion();
            if (requiredCoreVersion == null) {
                LOGGER.warning(shortName + " doesn't declare required core version.");
            } else {
                VersionNumber actualVersion = Jenkins.getVersion();
                if (actualVersion.isOlderThan(new VersionNumber(requiredCoreVersion))) {
                    versionDependencyError(Messages.PluginWrapper_obsoleteCore(Jenkins.getVersion().toString(), requiredCoreVersion), Jenkins.getVersion().toString(), requiredCoreVersion);
                }
            }

            String minimumJavaVersion = getMinimumJavaVersion();
            if (minimumJavaVersion != null) {
                JavaSpecificationVersion actualVersion = JavaUtils.getCurrentJavaRuntimeVersionNumber();
                if (actualVersion.isOlderThan(new JavaSpecificationVersion(minimumJavaVersion))) {
                    versionDependencyError(Messages.PluginWrapper_obsoleteJava(actualVersion.toString(), minimumJavaVersion), actualVersion.toString(), minimumJavaVersion);
                }
            }
        }
        // make sure dependencies exist
        for (Dependency d : dependencies) {
            PluginWrapper dependency = parent.getPlugin(d.shortName);
            if (dependency == null) {
                PluginWrapper failedDependency = NOTICE.getPlugin(d.shortName);
                if (failedDependency != null) {
                    dependencyErrors.put(Messages.PluginWrapper_failed_to_load_dependency(failedDependency.getLongName(), failedDependency.getVersion()), true);
                    break;
                } else {
                    dependencyErrors.put(Messages.PluginWrapper_missing(d.shortName, d.version), false);
                }
            } else {
                if (dependency.isActive()) {
                    if (isDependencyObsolete(d, dependency)) {
                        versionDependencyError(Messages.PluginWrapper_obsolete(dependency.getLongName(), dependency.getVersion(), d.version), dependency.getVersion(), d.version);
                    }
                } else {
                    if (isDependencyObsolete(d, dependency)) {
                        versionDependencyError(Messages.PluginWrapper_disabledAndObsolete(dependency.getLongName(), dependency.getVersion(), d.version), dependency.getVersion(), d.version);
                    } else {
                        dependencyErrors.put(Messages.PluginWrapper_disabled(dependency.getLongName()), false);
                    }
                }

            }
        }
        // add the optional dependencies that exists
        for (Dependency d : optionalDependencies) {
            PluginWrapper dependency = parent.getPlugin(d.shortName);
            if (dependency != null && dependency.isActive()) {
                if (isDependencyObsolete(d, dependency)) {
                    versionDependencyError(Messages.PluginWrapper_obsolete(dependency.getLongName(), dependency.getVersion(), d.version), dependency.getVersion(), d.version);
                } else {
                    dependencies.add(d);
                }
            }
        }
        if (!dependencyErrors.isEmpty()) {
            NOTICE.addPlugin(this);
            StringBuilder messageBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            messageBuilder.append(Messages.PluginWrapper_failed_to_load_plugin(getLongName(), getVersion())).append(System.lineSeparator());
            for (Iterator<String> iterator = dependencyErrors.keySet().iterator(); iterator.hasNext(); ) {
                String dependencyError = iterator.next();
                messageBuilder.append(" - ").append(dependencyError);
                if (iterator.hasNext()) {
                    messageBuilder.append(System.lineSeparator());
                }
            }
            throw new IOException(messageBuilder.toString());
        }
    }

    private boolean isDependencyObsolete(Dependency d, PluginWrapper dependency) {
        return ENABLE_PLUGIN_DEPENDENCIES_VERSION_CHECK && dependency.getVersionNumber().isOlderThan(new VersionNumber(d.version));
    }

    /**
     * Called when there appears to be a core or plugin version which is too old for a stated dependency.
     * Normally records an error in {@link #dependencyErrors}.
     * But if one or both versions {@link #isSnapshot}, just issue a warning (JENKINS-52665).
     */
    private void versionDependencyError(String message, String actual, String minimum) {
        if (isSnapshot(actual) || isSnapshot(minimum)) {
            LOGGER.log(WARNING, "Suppressing dependency error in {0} v{1}: {2}", new Object[] {getLongName(), getVersion(), message});
        } else {
            dependencyErrors.put(message, false);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Similar to {@code org.apache.maven.artifact.ArtifactUtils.isSnapshot}.
     */
    static boolean isSnapshot(@Nonnull String version) {
        return version.contains("-SNAPSHOT") || version.matches(".+-[0-9]{8}.[0-9]{6}-[0-9]+");
    }

    /**
     * If the plugin has {@link #getUpdateInfo() an update},
     * returns the {@link hudson.model.UpdateSite.Plugin} object.
     *
     * @return
     *      This method may return null — for example,
     *      the user may have installed a plugin locally developed.
     */
    public UpdateSite.Plugin getUpdateInfo() {
        UpdateCenter uc = Jenkins.get().getUpdateCenter();
        UpdateSite.Plugin p = uc.getPlugin(getShortName(), getVersionNumber());
        if(p!=null && p.isNewerThan(getVersion())) return p;
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * returns the {@link hudson.model.UpdateSite.Plugin} object, or null.
     */
    public UpdateSite.Plugin getInfo() {
        UpdateCenter uc = Jenkins.get().getUpdateCenter();
        UpdateSite.Plugin p = uc.getPlugin(getShortName(), getVersionNumber());
        if (p != null) return p;
        return uc.getPlugin(getShortName());
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if this plugin has update in the update center.
     *
     *

     * This method is conservative in the sense that if the version number is incomprehensible,
     * it always returns false.
     */
    @Exported
    public boolean hasUpdate() {
        return getUpdateInfo()!=null;
    }

    @Exported
    @Deprecated // See https://groups.google.com/d/msg/jenkinsci-dev/kRobm-cxFw8/6V66uhibAwAJ
    public boolean isPinned() {
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if this plugin is deleted.
     *
     * The plugin continues to function in this session, but in the next session it'll disappear.
     */
    @Exported
    public boolean isDeleted() {
        return !archive.exists();
    }

    /**
     * Same as {@link DetachedPluginsUtil#isDetachedPlugin}.
     * @since TODO
     */
    @Exported
    public boolean isDetached() {
        return DetachedPluginsUtil.isDetachedPlugin(shortName);
    }

    /**
     * Sort by short name.
     */
    public int compareTo(PluginWrapper pw) {
        return shortName.compareToIgnoreCase(pw.shortName);
    }

    /**
     * returns true if backup of previous version of plugin exists
     */
    @Exported
    public boolean isDowngradable() {
        return getBackupFile().exists();
    }

    /**
     * Where is the backup file?
     */
    public File getBackupFile() {
        return new File(Jenkins.get().getRootDir(),"plugins/"+getShortName() + ".bak");
    }

    /**
     * returns the version of the backed up plugin,
     * or null if there's no back up.
     */
    @Exported
    public String getBackupVersion() {
        File backup = getBackupFile();
        if (backup.exists()) {
            try {
                try (JarFile backupPlugin = new JarFile(backup)) {
                    return backupPlugin.getManifest().getMainAttributes().getValue("Plugin-Version");
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                LOGGER.log(WARNING, "Failed to get backup version from " + backup, e);
                return null;
            }
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Checks if this plugin is pinned and that's forcing us to use an older version than the bundled one.
     */
    @Deprecated // See https://groups.google.com/d/msg/jenkinsci-dev/kRobm-cxFw8/6V66uhibAwAJ
    public boolean isPinningForcingOldVersion() {
        return false;
    }

    @Extension
    public final static PluginWrapperAdministrativeMonitor NOTICE = new PluginWrapperAdministrativeMonitor();

    /**
     * Administrative Monitor for failed plugins
     */
    public static final class PluginWrapperAdministrativeMonitor extends AdministrativeMonitor {
        private final Map<String, PluginWrapper> plugins = new HashMap<>();

        void addPlugin(PluginWrapper plugin) {
            plugins.put(plugin.shortName, plugin);
        }

        public boolean isActivated() {
            return !plugins.isEmpty();
        }

        @Restricted(DoNotUse.class) // Jelly
        public boolean hasAnyDerivedDependencyErrors() {
            return plugins.values().stream().anyMatch(PluginWrapper::hasDerivedDependencyErrors);
        }

        @Override
        public String getDisplayName() {
            return Messages.PluginWrapper_PluginWrapperAdministrativeMonitor_DisplayName();
        }

        public Collection<PluginWrapper> getPlugins() {
            return plugins.values();
        }

        public PluginWrapper getPlugin(String shortName) {
            return plugins.get(shortName);
        }

        /**
         * Depending on whether the user said "dismiss" or "correct", send him to the right place.
         */
        public void doAct(StaplerRequest req, StaplerResponse rsp) throws IOException {
            if(req.hasParameter("correct")) {
                rsp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath()+"/pluginManager");

            }
        }

        public static PluginWrapperAdministrativeMonitor get() {
            return AdministrativeMonitor.all().get(PluginWrapperAdministrativeMonitor.class);
        }
    }

    /**
     * The result of the disablement of a plugin and its dependents plugins.
     */
    public static class PluginDisableResult {
        private String plugin;
        private PluginDisableStatus status;
        private String message;
        private Set<PluginDisableResult> dependentsDisableStatus = new HashSet<>();

        public PluginDisableResult(String plugin) {
            this.plugin = plugin;
        }

        public PluginDisableResult(String plugin, PluginDisableStatus status, String message) {
            this.plugin = plugin;
            this.status = status;
            this.message = message;
        }

        public String getPlugin() {
            return plugin;
        }

        public PluginDisableStatus getStatus() {
            return status;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object o) {
            if (this == o) return true;
            if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
            PluginDisableResult that = (PluginDisableResult) o;
            return Objects.equals(plugin, that.plugin);
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return Objects.hash(plugin);
        }

        public void setStatus(PluginDisableStatus status) {
            this.status = status;
        }

        public String getMessage() {
            return message;
        }

        public void setMessage(String message) {
            this.message = message;
        }

        public Set<PluginDisableResult> getDependentsDisableStatus() {
            return dependentsDisableStatus;
        }

        public void addDependentDisableStatus(PluginDisableResult dependentDisableStatus) {
            dependentsDisableStatus.add(dependentDisableStatus);
        }

    }

    /**
     * An enum to hold the status of a disabling action against a plugin. To do it more reader-friendly.
     */
    public enum PluginDisableStatus {
        NO_SUCH_PLUGIN,
        DISABLED,
        ALREADY_DISABLED,
        NOT_DISABLED_DEPENDANTS,
        ERROR_DISABLING
    }

    /**
     * The strategies defined for disabling a plugin.
     */
    public enum PluginDisableStrategy {
        NONE,
        MANDATORY,
        ALL;

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return this.name().toLowerCase();
        }
    }

//
//
// Action methods
//
//
    @RequirePOST
    public HttpResponse doMakeEnabled() throws IOException {
        Jenkins.get().checkPermission(Jenkins.ADMINISTER);
        enable();
        return HttpResponses.ok();
    }

    @RequirePOST
    public HttpResponse doMakeDisabled() throws IOException {
        Jenkins.get().checkPermission(Jenkins.ADMINISTER);
        disable();
        return HttpResponses.ok();
    }

    @RequirePOST
    @Deprecated
    public HttpResponse doPin() throws IOException {
        Jenkins.get().checkPermission(Jenkins.ADMINISTER);
        // See https://groups.google.com/d/msg/jenkinsci-dev/kRobm-cxFw8/6V66uhibAwAJ
        LOGGER.log(WARNING, "Call to pin plugin has been ignored. Plugin name: " + shortName);
        return HttpResponses.ok();
    }

    @RequirePOST
    @Deprecated
    public HttpResponse doUnpin() throws IOException {
        Jenkins.get().checkPermission(Jenkins.ADMINISTER);
        // See https://groups.google.com/d/msg/jenkinsci-dev/kRobm-cxFw8/6V66uhibAwAJ
        LOGGER.log(WARNING, "Call to unpin plugin has been ignored. Plugin name: " + shortName);
        return HttpResponses.ok();
    }

    @RequirePOST
    public HttpResponse doDoUninstall() throws IOException {
        Jenkins jenkins = Jenkins.getActiveInstance();

        jenkins.checkPermission(Jenkins.ADMINISTER);
        archive.delete();

        // Redo who depends on who.
        jenkins.getPluginManager().resolveDependentPlugins();

        return HttpResponses.redirectViaContextPath("/pluginManager/installed");   // send back to plugin manager
    }

    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(PluginWrapper.class.getName());

    /**
     * Name of the plugin manifest file (to help find where we parse them.)
     */
    public static final String MANIFEST_FILENAME = "META-INF/MANIFEST.MF";
}


Selenium functional tests can be converted in NeoLoad to use them for load and performance testing. They become highly scalable, protocol based, load tests that can be launched and analyzed into NeoLoad, the market leading performance testing platform.
100% Automated Script Maintenance with Selenium Scripts.
When the application changes, testers can leverage the NeoLoad User Path Update feature to automatically update load tests scripts converted from Selenium. This means script maintenance becomes fully automated and saves the time and efforts required for load test updates.
Script conversion and automatic update is supported for Selenium scripts in Java and C#. This lets the majority of testers use the Selenium and NeoLoad integration to synchronize functional tests and performance tests.
Agile teams, DevOps organizations, and anyone looking to automate their testing process can be more efficient than ever.
NeoLoad can gather browser-side metrics by automatically launching tests in functional testing tools like Selenium and other Java-based tools during a NeoLoad test.
These metrics are collected in NeoLoad dashboards enabling you to understand the complete end user experience, on the application server side and on the end-user side.


Sequel to Island of Thieves, this action-packed middle grade adventure novel set in India is the perfect trip for reluctant readers.
Tim and Natascha realise to their horror that Max has gone to Paris to confront their first adversary, Colonel Zinfandel, the dictator of Stanislavia. They rush after him, with their intrepid dog Grk.


text:
Watford welcomes Arsenal in a game from the 34th round
Watford welcomes Arsenal in a game from the 34th round of the English Premier League. Here are our free soccer bets for this clash at the Vicarage Road. Let's take a look.
At this moment Watford are 10th in the Premier League with 46 points won until now. Their record in the league goes like this: 13 wins, 7 draws and 12 defeats. They have a pretty decent season so far, being in the middle of the standings in the league and reaching the final of the FA Cup. We can say that the manager Javi Gracia is doing a very good job so far. His team is solid and safe, which is the most important thing.
In their last five games in the league Watford are inconsistent – two wins and three defeats. In their last match they enjoyed a win, though, beating with 4-1 the already relegated Fulham at the Vicarage Road. Abdoulaye Doucoure opened the score for the hosts, while Will Hughes, Troy Deeney and Kiko Femenia also scored for Watford.
Meanwhile Arsenal are still in the fight for a Top 4 finish this season. The Gunners are currently 6th in the table with 63 points, but only 3 points behind the 4th Chelsea. For Arsenal this is a terrific opportunity to overtake Chelsea and get back in the Top 4.
Unai Emery's boys will try to bounce back after defeat against Everton in the previous round. The Londoners visited Goodison Park in Liverpool, but suffered a 0-1 loss after a goal from Phil Jagielka.
After Chelsea's loss against Liverpool on Sunday, Arsenal are aware that this is a very good chance for them to take a place in the Top 4. But will they use it?
These are our free soccer bets for the Premier League fixture between Watford and Arsenal on Monday night. Good luck!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
John Banks considering third go at being Mayor
Dan Satherley
Hayley Jacobsen
Emma Cropper
John Banks is eyeing up a third crack at the Auckland mayoralty. Credits: Image - Getty; Video - Newshub
John Banks has confirmed he's considering a tilt at the Auckland Mayoralty.
The 72-year-old former Auckland City Mayor has hired a team of political strategists.
John Banks believes the super city needs decisive leadership, comparing current Mayor Phil Goff to a decaying vegetable.
"This leadership is like grandma's boiled cabbage - every single day it gets worse. We need to have a change at the top - someone needs to stand up, and if they don't, I need to step up."
Nominations open this Friday.
Penny Bright was a 'kindred spirit' - John Banks
Man claims to be John Banks' son in paternity case
Phil Goff vs John Tamihere: Clashing visions for the future of Auckland
Banks served as Mayor of Auckland, before the amalgamation into the super city, from 2001 to 2004 and again from 2007 to 2010.
He says the ideal candidate needs strong policies.
"In the absence of someone that's prepared to stand up and deliver to the city accountability and financial responsibility, then I am considering it... We need to turn this city back to a place where the ratepayers and citizens have a say, not run by an arrogant council with a very colourless Mayor.
Banks has also served as a National Party MP, six years as Police Minister, and briefly led the ACT Party.
If he runs, Banks will arguably be the strongest candidate from the right - the two frontrunners, Goff and John Tamihere, both former Labour Party MPs.


Hi! I just purchased my nautilus approx 2 weeks ago, and I've enjoyed it profusely, but earlier today the very end of the 'power end' on the base popped off, leaving the threads intact but preventing the unit from receiving power from the battery. Is this damage covered by warranty? If so, how would I go about having it repaired?
Do you mean the connector pin on the base hardware popped off?
Did the connector pin can be found?
My aspire also broke off. How do I get a replacement? The wires are exposed from the battery.
Mine also popped off , how do I get it fixed or replaced?
Do you also mean the connector pin on the base hardware popped off?
I think I have the same or a similar problem. I just recently purchased the Aspire Nautilus on Friday, 10/17/14 and the bottom base popped off.
The piece I am referencing is the metal plate directly below the airflow ring. Is this normal? I popped it back on and it does seem that it's working however, after having it for such a short time, I'm quite disappointed.
At first, there was some play with the airflow ring. It would move up and down. After applying pressure I was able to get it back on tight enough so that it looks normal but I'm still concerned that this is a manufacture defect as there was no rhyme or reason why this part came loose.
Please advise at your earliest convenience or when your time permits with any advice or suggestions. I'd greatly appreciate it!
Thank you for supporting aspire!
Please make sure you bought original nautilus,not only just by checking the security code,but also by checking the packaging and print.
If it is original,you can ask the seller for replacement.


text:
(-2014)
Edward Roland Taylor
Margaret 215
Marriage: Edward Roland Taylor in 2000 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 215
Died: 2014 215
Margaret married Edward Roland Taylor, son of Robert Percival Taylor and Nellie Stanley Cox, in 2000 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.215 (Edward Roland Taylor was born on 4 May 1918 in Saskatchewan, Canada 215,674 and died on 6 Feb 2016 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 215,372.)


text:
My main hobby is playing games. I have played board games since I was a young child. I like playing many types of games, including: wargames, "family" board games, card games, role-playing games and computer games. I continue to play all sorts of games, but I spend the majority of my hobby time on military strategy board games.
Wargames come in many varieties, including military strategy board games, military miniatures, military card games and computer wargames. My main interest is in the board game variety, although I also play other types.
I have been playing wargames since 1972. My first wargame was France 1940 (AH). My favorite subjects are WWII, ACW and Napoleonics, though ancients are slowly moving up. For reasons of space and time, I like one-mappers which last about 8 hours or less. I prefer face-to-face playing, rather than solitaire or play-by-mail. I seem to spend too much time on errata, sorting and home made play-aids. Wargaming also seems to be an excuse to buy a lot of office supplies. I fancy myself as a budding game developer, but I haven't actually done any commercial wargame design or development.
Ardennes (Gamers) Q&A.
Avalanche: The Invasion of Italy (Avalanche) errata.
Barbarossa: Army Group South (GMT) clarifications.
Dixie (Columbia) Q&A.
Dixie: Bull Run (Columbia) card list.
Dixie: Shiloh (Columbia) card list.
EastFront (Columbia, 2nd ed.) errata.
Lords of the Sierra Madre (Decision/Sierra Madre) errata.
Modern Naval Battles (3W) errata.
Ney vs. Wellington (SPI) player aid for calculating line of sight.
Panzergruppe Guderian (SPI/AH) review in SPI Revival eZine (Issue 1).
Winner of the 1997 Charles S. Roberts Award for Best Wargame Review Article!
Ring of Fire (MIH) errata.
Stalingrad Pocket (Gamers, 2nd ed.) errata.
Stand & Die (GDW) errata.
West End Games boardgame publication list (mostly wargames).
I have played many different role-playing games, but my favorite genre is science fiction. My favorites are Traveller (in its various editions) and Era Ten.
I helped develop the Era Ten series of science fiction role-playing games published in Space Gamer/Fantasy Gamer magazine (during the Better Games period). (My nickname in that world is "Doc".) I was one of the developers of Battleborn (Issue 1) and Guardians of Sol (Issue 5). These issues are out of print, but they can usually be found in the used game/magazine market.
My interest in the Harpoon miniatures rules, led me to play the computer version of Harpoon. In 1990, I founded and moderated the original version of the Convergence Zone (CZ), an e-mail list discussing the Harpoon naval wargame series and related topics.
Old issues of the original CZ are available for download as follows.
Game Conventions
Before moving to Los Angeles, I attended the two Origins conventions in Chester, PA in 1979 and 1980. After moving to LA, I also attended Origins 1986 and 1989. In the Los Angeles area, there are game conventions held on a regular basis. I go to most of these conventions. I used to run some science fiction roleplaying games using the Better Games system (Battleborn, Guardians of Sol, Independents) at these conventions. However, recently, I have tended to concentrate on military strategy board games at conventions.
My CONSIM-L reports on game conventions are available for download as follows.
Gateway 15 (Sep 95)
Orccon 19 (Feb 96)
Gamex 11 (May 96)
Foxcon (Jan 97)
Gamex '97 (May 97)
Foxcon 2 (Nov 97)
General discussion of board games takes place in the rec.games.board newsgroup (browse).
The best web site for board wargames is Web-Grognards. Wargames are discussed on Consim World and on the CONSIM-L (Conflict Simulation listserv) email list.
The current edition of Traveller is published by Imperium Games. A lot of information about Traveller can be found at Joe Heck's web site.
The current version of the Harpoon miniatures rules is published by Clash of Arms. Information on how to sign up with the current incarnation of CZ can be found in this listing of publically accessible mailing lists.
Return to my UCLA Home Page.
Ted H. Kim
UCLA Computer Science Department
tek@fmg.cs.ucla.edu
Last update: Thu Mar 2 14:30:02 PST 2000


The year was 1991; Anthony Hopkins was knee-deep in Hannibal Lecter, Vanilla Ice was bringing Caucasian hip-hop to the masses, Arsenal were First Division champions and all the cool kids wanted to be Steve Bould.
After the Gunners took the title while losing just one game all season, sportswear brands were queuing around the block to snap up their stars on endorsement deals.
A Bould decision indeed. The only natural choice.
Arrow continued to attract some big names throughout their early-to-mid 1990s pomp, with Andy Townsend tied down as the exemplar of the 'EX2' boot.
Still, just as Vinnie Jones will forever be synonymous with Top Man menswear, Arrow boots will always be 'Bouldy's boots' as far as we're concerned.
Slightly off-topic, but could somebody explain the track suit jacket Bould is wearing on the photo? Its looks like the wc90 germany jersey, but with the gunners logo on the chest? Or was this the style for all adidas track suits back then, and Arsenal also had black-red-yellow stripes for a reason ?!
it was the same style made famous by germany but it was navy blue not black.
united and liverpool also had that trackie in red/white/black and white/grey/red respectively.


Great for lapsed certification or individuals that aren't yet licensed! If you are a health care professional with a background in healthcare by way of schooling or experience then you qualify for this Accelerated Workshop.
* Pre-Requisites for Seminar/Workshop: Certified Nursing Asst (CNA), Certified Medical Asst (CMA), Patient Care Tech/ Associate/Nurse Tech (PCT, PCA, NT), Registered Nurse, Practical/Vocational Nurse (RN, LPN, LVN) Emergency Medical Tech (EMT), Phlebotomist Tech, IV Tech, Medical Lab Tech/Asst Dialysis Tech, Dental Hygienist!
Federal Law does not require Healthcare Professionals that meet certain professional standards to attend lengthy traditional programs in order to obtain certification.
REFUND POLICY: The student must cancel within three days of registration in order to receive a full refund minus a $100.00 processing fee. Student must cancel in writing or by fax with in the three-day cancellation period for the refund to be valid. If student does not cancel with-in the three day period she/he forfeits all monies. There will be no exceptions. Refund will be issued within 45 days after cancellation. If you register 2 days or less prior to a seminar the refund policy will not apply. In the event that a student is dismissed from seminar (for any reason) NO REFUND IS DUE. By registering for these seminars you have read and acknowledge full understanding of the refund policy.


text:
Temiste – w mitologii greckiej córka księcia trojańskiego Ilosa, małżonka Kapysa i matka Anchizesa, ojca Eneasza, a także drugiego syna o imieniu Ilos.

Genealogię Temiste prezentuje następujące drzewo rodowe:

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Królowe w mitologii greckiej

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
You are here: Home / Roger's Cricket Book Catalogue February 2015 / E: Cricket History – February 2015
E: Cricket History – February 2015
At Roger Page Cricket Books, we stock a diverse and quality range of books on cricket history about significant periods, places, famous cricketers, individuals, teams, cricket tours, eras, cricket clubs, cricket organisations, competitions and cricketing countries written by well informed and significant authors who have provided in-depth detail about cricket.
Item Listing
$ ¢
60. A Century of Philadelphia Cricket (1951) (ed) J.A. Lester 200.00
61. A History of Tasmanian Cricket (1958; card-covers) Roger Page 20.00
62. At Last! The Quest For The Shield 1926-1995 (ed) David Falkenmire
(A chronicle of Queensland's endeavours to win the Sheffield Shield) 40.00
63. Cricket In The Doldrums (1992; card-covers) David Montefiore
("The Struggle between Private & Public Control of Australian Cricket in the 1880's") 40.00
64. Cricket In The Park Mervyn Shaw / Keith Carr
Part 2 – Up-dated History Of the East Suburban DCCA (Melbourne) (paper-back)
Part 3 – 'The Statistics' of the Association (paper-back; 698 pages) 20.00
65. 40 Years On: The Story of The Lord's Taverners (1990; card-covers) David Foot 25.00
66. From Meadowland to Multinational (2010; limp-covers) Eric Midwinter
("A Review Of Cricket's Social History"; limited edition of 250 copies) 20.00
67. Golden Blues (new) Max Bonnell / James Rodgers
("Sydney University Cricket: 150 Years of The Club and its Players".) 30.00
68. Lords & The M.C.C. – A Cricket Chronicle of 137 Years (1914) Lord Harris / F.S. Ashley-Cooper 150.00
69. More Than A Game (2007; mint) John Major
("The Story of Cricket's Early Years". Signed by the author) 45.00
70. New Zealand Cricket 1841 – 1914 (scarce) T.W. Reese 400.00
71. New Zealand Cricket 1914 – 1933 T.R. Reese 50.00
72. The A.B.C. Cricket Book – The First 60 Years (1994; limp-boards) Jim Maxwell 12.00
73. The History of South African Cricket (1915) (ed) M.W. Luckin
("Including The Full Scores Of All Important Matches Since 1876") 350.00
74. Western Suburbs District Cricket Club (Sydney) Jubilee 1895-1945 (1946) 90.00


You can tell a lot about people from the clothes they wear. The clothes that we choose to wear often reflect our status, our values, and even our priorities. At Hollywood red carpet events reporters often ask actors and actresses "Who are you wearing?" to find out which designer created the clothes they are wearing.
Clothe yourselves with Christ Jesus and live as his children in this present world. We are to submit to authorities and to pay respect where it is due. As believers we have put on Christ by virtue of trusting in who Jesus is and what he has done for us but we are also called to put on the character qualities and virtues that reflect our identity as being a child of God. We should pursue this goal in anticipation of the day when we will take off our mortal bodies and put on resurrected bodies that fully reflect Christ.
We are to awake from our slumber and serve the Lord out of love showing that we are included in the light of the gospel. Love is binding and obligatory on believers. Any lack of love is lawlessness and rebellion. Romans 13:11 says, "Do this knowing the time, that now now it is high time to awake out of sleep: for now our salvation is nearer than when we first believed."
You Already Are Children of God—Now Dress, Live, and Fight Like It to show the world you are a child of God. You are already God's chosen ones, God's holy ones, God's loved ones. Now he says, put on the character that reflects your new identity.
It's time to change your clothes!


Temperature sensor refers to the sensor can feel the temperature and convert the available output signal. Problems that are easy to ignore in the use of temperature sensors: operation temperature, insertion depth, response time.
First, operation temperature. The temperature sensor will heat itself during the working process, which will lead to the error in measuring the operation temperature. In order to reduce the error, the temperature sensor needs to be used in constant small current condition.
Second, insertion depth. The temperature sensor insertion depth can be determined according to actual needs that related to the protection pipe material. The depth of temperature sensor insertion can affect the stablity of sensor.
Third, response time. The thermal response time of the temperature measuring element depends mainly on the structure and measurement conditions of the sensor, and it is also related to retention time of the temperature measurement.


Increase the desirability of Ultrabooks among a young audience by demonstrating not just what Intel makes, but what they make possible.
Polar explorer Ben Saunders and his partner Tarka L'Herpiniere will attempt to be the first people to complete the 1800 mile return journey from the coast of Antarctica to the South Pole which British Royal Navy Captain Robert Scott famously attempted 1910-1912.
The expedition will use Ultrabook devices powered by new 4th generation Intel processor technology to achieve unprecedented levels of communication, and record vital data from the Polar region, in temperatures of -45C.
Build awareness for Intel's new range of Ultrabooks to a younger audience by connecting them to the polar expedition.
Establishing and maintaining the strategic direction of the project and overseeing all UX and Interaction Design activities.
With a target audience who've grown up with technology, we couldn't just tell them that Intel makes a difference in performance, we had to show them.
In order to reach the audience in a way they would understand and engage with, we had to speak social.
Ben used an Ultrabook to broadcast his epic adventure from one of the most isolated places on earth, sharing it in real-time to a global audience.
He was able to update Twitter, Facebook and blog content along the way, as well as upload video content to a dedicated Expedition YouTube channel. Fans could interact directly with Ben via these social channels as well as through an online hub.
Ben's journey was faithfully recreated in 360 degrees using GPS, topographic and weather data combined with content created whilst out on the ice to create an interactive journal, allowing the audience to relive the entire journey and follow in Saunders' (and Scott's) footsteps.


Gearing yourself up for CCSK certification exam, but don't know how to proceed with it? Simplilearn's Cloud Computing Security Knowledge(CCSK) online course by ISC2 imparts a comprehensive knowledge of cloud security fundamentals to students and also prepares them well to take the CCSK certification exam with confidence.Learn CCSK online and master it.
Get an overview of all domains, sample questions, and how to study for the online exam. This is NOT a CCSK training.


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Lago di Livigno or Lago del Gallo is a reservoir in the Livigno valley. The reservoir is mostly in Italy whereas the Punt dal Gall arch dam is crossed by the border with Switzerland (Zernez, Grisons).

The reservoir's surface area is 4.71 km².

The reservoir has a capacity of 164 million m³. Its minimum and maximum water levels above sea level are at 1,700 metres and 1,805 metres respectively. Since its construction, this reservoir had been off-limits for any activity, such as wind-surfing or rowing, until the summer of 2005, when Italy's National Rowing team was authorized to train on the lake.

See also
List of lakes of Switzerland
List of mountain lakes of Switzerland

External links

Livigno
Livigno
Livigno
Italy–Switzerland border
Livigno
Livigno
Zernez


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Pain and Disturbed Sleep May Be Earliest Symptoms of MS, Study Suggests
by Marisa Wexler, MS | June 2, 2020
Symptoms including sleep disorders and pain may precede by as many as five years the onset of the more well-known symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS), a study suggests.
Understanding these first symptoms could aid in an early diagnosis, allowing treatment to begin at initial stages of disease.
The study, "Fatigue, Sleep Disorders, Anaemia and Pain in the Multiple Sclerosis Prodrome," was published in the Multiple Sclerosis Journal.
Some neurological diseases have a prodrome, or suite of symptoms that can emerge before the disorder's more classical symptoms.
In recent years, emerging evidence has suggested a prodrome for MS, with early symptoms that include migraine, mood disorders, and fibromyalgia. Given the relative infancy of this field, symptoms that could potentially constitute the MS prodrome are still being defined.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia in Canada examined whether four specific symptoms — fatigue, sleep disorders, anemia, and pain — could be part of the MS prodrome based on their presence in the five years preceding an MS clinical diagnosis. These four were chosen because they are relatively common among people already diagnosed with MS.
They used administrative and clinical databases in British Columbia, Canada, collecting data on a total of 7,829 people diagnosed with MS (patients) and 36,399 without MS (controls); most (over 70%) were female. The team examined the frequency of these symptoms during the five years prior to the first recorded demyelinating event (loss of myelin, a classic first MS symptom) or MS symptom onset/diagnosis. In other words, they examined the prodromal period.
Results showed that during these five years, all four symptoms were significantly more common in patients than in controls. Fatigue was 3.37 times more common, sleep disorders were 2.61 times more common, anemia was 1.53 times more common, and pain was 2.15 times more common among patients compared with the control group.
The association between anemia and MS was greater for men than women, and the link between pain and MS was stronger among older individuals. Patients were also more likely to visit a physician during the prodromal period than were controls.
Among a study population analyzed based on clinical data only (966 patients and 4,534 controls), sleep disorders and pain were significantly more prevalent over the prodromal period among patients than controls — sleep disorders were 1.72 times more common, and pain was 1.53 times more common.
"Fatigue, sleep disorders, anaemia and pain were elevated before the recognition of MS," the researchers concluded. "We also provide one of the first explorations of the effects of age and sex on the MS prodromal phenotype, finding a particularly elevated occurrence of anaemia among men who develop MS and a steady increase in pain during the MS prodrome with increasing age."
Better understanding of symptoms in the MS prodrome, and better defining the MS prodrome as a whole, could allow for earlier diagnosis of MS and intervention, as early treatment has been associated with better outcomes for patients.
Marisa Wexler, MS Marisa holds a Master of Science in cellular and molecular pathology from the University of Pittsburgh, where she studied novel genetic drivers of ovarian cancer. Her areas of expertise include cancer biology, immunology, and genetics, and she has worked as a science writing and communications intern for the Genetics Society of America.
anemia, fatigue, pain, prodromal MS, prodrome, sleep disorders, symptoms
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January 25, 2023 News by Lindsey Shapiro, PhD
January 24, 2023 News by Marisa Wexler, MS
Better Standards Needed for NICE Evaluation of MS Treatments: Study


One of the many dexterous phones that came out in 2018, Tecno Camon 11 in Australia is one of them. You would be correct to assume that this phone is far more proficient than any other one which comes in similar pricing. In fact, every facet of this phone is much more enhanced than your imagination.
With a very decent design and a firmly protected body, this phone blends durability and sophistry pretty well together. Its appearance is also very attractive especially all the Tecno Camon 11 Australia colors are very pleasing to eyes. These colors are Bordeaux Red, Aqua Blue, and Midnight Black.
It houses a MediaTekHelio A22 Chipset, a Quad-Core 2.0 GHz CPU along with a PowerVR GE8320 GPU. It contains 4 GB RAM inside it and the phone is operated on the basis of Android 8.1 (Oreo) version of OS.
The phone runs unfaltering and unwavering all the time without ever giving you a single line of a frown or worry, in fact, you would be very impressed by how smoothly and efficiently it runs.
Now your mind must be wandering towards the Tecno Camon 11 price in Australia. Well, just as we guided you regarding each of its aspects we shall further inform you that Tecno Camon 11 price in Australia is very reasonable and you should definitely look into it.
- The Tecno Camon 11 is available in many stores in Australia.
- Buy Tecno Camon 11 online in Australia for the lowest price.


The Sharing Shed is Tauranga Crossing's destination for the whole family when it comes to hair. Our fully qualified, highly trained hairdressers are specialists in men's, women's and children's haircuts, and pride ourselves on our family friendly environment. We offer everything from first haircuts to barbering services and great blow waves at fantastic prices, with haircuts starting at just $16 for all the latest styles. As well as offering great value cuts, no appointments are necessary at The Sharing Shed, and there is loads of free parking if you want to pop by after lunch or in between shopping visits. Our motto is for our customers to "look and feel good, with no hassles", and we'd love to see you soon.


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Florida Business Lawyers Blog
Published By Stok Kon + Braverman
Published on: September 18, 2015
Absence of Acceleration Provision Cuts Recovery for Florida Creditor
By Stok Kon + Braverman, P.A.
A case from North Florida allows some insight into what recourse a creditor has when a Chapter 11 debtor fails to make payments as required under a reorganization plan. The 1st District Court of Appeal ruled that the creditor could use the state court system to litigate its complaint, but, since the reorganization plan had no acceleration language in it, the creditor could only recover the amount of the missed payments, not the entire outstanding amount.
The debtor, Baggett Brothers Farm, Inc., was a farm business whose suppliers included Altha Farmers Cooperative. Baggett filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 1995. The next year, as part of its bankruptcy reorganization, Baggett executed a $244,000 promissory note to Altha, promising to pay the supplier in 15 equal installments. Baggett made the first six payments but then stopped.
A decade after the first bankruptcy, Baggett again filed a Chapter 11 petition. Altha submitted a claim for more than $300,000, based upon the remaining promissory note debt, along with additional new debts Baggett had incurred. The debtor challenged this claim, but the court awarded the creditor its full claim.
As part of Baggett's 2005 reorganization, the court required Baggett to pay off the debt to Altha in 10 annual payments, starting in 2007. The debtor made the first payment but made no more. The creditor sued Baggett in state court for violating the bankruptcy reorganization plan. The trial court ruled in favor of the creditor and awarded it damages in an amount equal to the full claim, minus the amount Baggett submitted in its sole 2007 payment. Baggett appealed this outcome.
The appeals court rejected Baggett's argument that Altha could not bring its complaint in state court. The reorganization plan functionally constituted a contract between the reorganized debtor and its creditors. Altha's lawsuit alleging that Baggett defaulted on its obligations essentially amounted to a breach of contract claim, so the state court could rule on that matter.
However, the court ruled against Altha on the amount of damages, determining that the creditor was not entitled to receive the entire outstanding balance of the claim. A debtor's failure to submit timely plan payments does not make it immediately obligated to pay the full amount of the claim unless the plan contained an acceleration provision dictating such an outcome on the occasion of a missed payment (or payments).
In Baggett's case, its reorganization plan had no acceleration clause in it. This meant that Altha was not entitled to the full outstanding claim balance, but it could only receive an amount equal to the total of all the payments Baggett had missed so far.
Whether your South Florida business is considering options including bankruptcy, or you are a creditor of a business that has reorganized through Chapter 11, the assistance of an experienced bankruptcy attorney can be invaluable. The skilled and knowledgeable Florida bankruptcy law attorneys at Stok Kon + Braverman can help analyze your situation and plot a strategy that best protects your interests.
Contact us online or by calling (954) 237-1777 to schedule a consultation.
Employer's Bankruptcy Filing Does Not Stop Florida Employee's Lawsuit, Florida Business Lawyers Blog, May 15, 2015
Bank's Failure to Contest Reorganization Plan's Broad Release Terms on Time Dooms Claim, Florida Business Lawyers Blog, May 15, 2015
Posted in: Commercial and Business
Updated: September 18, 2015 5:16 pm
Commercial and Business (180)
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How to Go About Proving Personal Jurisdiction (Or a Lack Thereof) in Your Florida Commercial Litigation Action
Making Sure You Get the Full Benefit of the Arbitration Clause in Your Florida Commercial Contract
Prevailing Parties and Florida's Rules for Awards of Attorneys' Fees in Civil Litigation
How to Protect Your Business's Trade Secrets from Disclosure in Another Entity's Florida Litigation Action
A Florida Commercial Tenant Escapes Eviction After Alleging that a Waiver of its Rights Under the Lease Was the Product of Fraud
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Betjewargi Village Population - Aland , Gulbarga, Karnataka
Betjewargi is a village located in Aland Taluk of Gulbarga district in Karnataka. Around 507 families reside in Betjewargi village. Betjewargi village is administered by Sarpanch(Head of village) who is elected every five years.
As per the Census India 2011, Betjewargi village has population of 3296 of which 1734 are males and 1562 are females. The population of children between age 0-6 is 593 which is 17.99% of total population.
The sex-ratio of Betjewargi village is around 901 compared to 973 which is average of Karnataka state. The literacy rate of Betjewargi village is 37.29% out of which 47.75% males are literate and 25.67% females are literate. There are 99.7% Scheduled Caste (SC) and 0.24% Scheduled Tribe (ST) of total population in Betjewargi village.
Betjewargi Population Facts
Map of Betjewargi, Gulbarga, Karnataka
Nearby villages of Betjewargi, Karnataka
Bolani


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Our investment in Bitmovin: working to build the web's new video infrastructure
Online video content has exploded over the last few years, and consumers have come to expect high-quality video anywhere, and on any device. As we go forward, this presents a huge technical challenge. It's the web's next big problem, but it's also a huge market opportunity: the time spent watching online video is still less than 20% of linear TV programming. As the viewing habits of millennials become the norm, and new technology like VR and 360 degree video comes to fruition, the web will need to adapt.
Bitmovin is the company that will solve this problem. Founded by the co-creators of MPEG-DASH, the video streaming standard used by industry leaders like Netflix and YouTube, Bitmovin are working to lay the groundwork for a future dominated by video content. They provide best-in-class infrastructure for developers, making video easier to use with their easy to integrate API. Their high performance HTML5 player is capable of streaming high quality video across any platform, including virtual reality- a hugely exciting area that they're keen to expand into. The company also has a market-leading cloud encoding service, a vital offer as content owners and creators change the way in which they manage video. Online video is at an inflection point, and we believe Bitmovin can play a central role in this transition. As the web becomes more reliant on video, more and more developers will turn to Bitmovin's straightforward yet sophisticated API.
We're pleased to announce that we've led Bitmovin's $10.3 million Series A round, supported by Speedinvest and Dawn Capital. We're proud to invest in a company backed by a range of pioneers in video who share our conviction. These include David Helgason, founder of Unity, Chris Kaiser, former VP of engineering at Netflix and YouTube, and Edward Cozel, former CTO of Cisco. Like us, they see the huge market opportunity that video infrastructure presents. They also know there's nobody better than Bitmovin to take advantage of it. We're looking forward to working alongside the Bitmovin team and our co-investors as the company paves the way for this future dominated by video content. Bitmovin is part of an exciting new breed of European companies with deep technology innovation at its core. We expect great things from them.


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Items where Author is "Al-Mabrouk, Khalid"
A Delphi examination of emerging issues for successful information technology transfer in North Africa a case of Libya
Al-Mabrouk, Khalid and Soar, Jeffrey (2009) A Delphi examination of emerging issues for successful information technology transfer in North Africa a case of Libya. African Journal of Business Management, 3 (3). pp. 107-114. ISSN 1993-8233
A Delphi study on issues for successful information technology transfer in the Arab world
Al-Mabrouk, Khalid and Soar, Jeffrey (2009) A Delphi study on issues for successful information technology transfer in the Arab world. The International Arab Journal of Information Technology, 6 (1). pp. 7-16. ISSN 1683-3198
A critical theory approach to information technology transfer to the developing world and a critique of maintained assumptions in the literature
Al-Mabrouk, Khalid and James, Kieran (2009) A critical theory approach to information technology transfer to the developing world and a critique of maintained assumptions in the literature. In: Information systems research methods, epistemology, and applications. Information Science Reference (IGI Global), Hershey PA, USA, pp. 73-87. ISBN 978-1-60566-040-0
An analysis of the major issues for successful information technology transfer in Arab countries
Al-Mabrouk, Khalid and Soar, Jeffrey (2009) An analysis of the major issues for successful information technology transfer in Arab countries. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 22 (5). pp. 504-522. ISSN 1741-0398
Building a framework for understanding and improving information technology transfer process in the Arab countries
Al-Mabrouk, Khalid and Soar, Jeffrey (2008) Building a framework for understanding and improving information technology transfer process in the Arab countries. In: 9th IBIMA Conference: Information Management in Modern Organisations - Trends & Challenges, 4-6 Jan 2008, Marrakech, Morocco.
Issues for successful IT transfer in the Arab world: a multiple stakeholder perspective
Al-Mabrouk, Khalid and Soar, Jeffrey (2008) Issues for successful IT transfer in the Arab world: a multiple stakeholder perspective. In: 9th IBIMA Conference: Information Management in Modern Organisations - Trends & Challenges, 4-6 Jan 2008, Marrakech, Morocco.
This list was generated on Wed Jan 22 23:56:09 2020 AEST.


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30 Apr trey to the bay! what to expect from the rook
Posted at 12:03h in 49ers, 49ershive, American football, Football, Football analysis, nfl draft, San Francisco, Scouting	by	perry49ers 0 Comments
With the third pick in the NFL Draft, the San Francisco 49ers select: TREY LANCE, QB, NDSU!
I try to maintain professionalism when typing articles, but holy cow am I ecstatic that Trey Lance is the man. This was MY GUY! John Chapman was all over Lance long before anyone, but you guys best believe I was right on his tail supporting Lance all the way. Trey Lance has been the guy since January.
Shanahan and Lynch were just speaking to SVP on SportsCenter, and Lynch said that Kyle called him on a Sunday night in January and told Lynch that he loves Lance.
— Niners Nation (@NinersNation) April 30, 2021
Baffling to say the least. While the smoke was FLYING in regard to Mac Jones and Justin Fields, Trey Lance had flown under the radar for months. I had always thought the pick was Lance due to his sheer intelligence, athletic ability, and his charisma that draws in his teammates.
So, what can we expect? It's already being debated whether or not Lance should be the day 1 starter. With Garoppolo still on the roster, this muddies up the picture just a bit. However, I feel that Garoppolo will either be traded during the draft at some point, or the team will move on from him down the road. I don't mind if Jimmy is the starter when the season starts, but I feel that Lance has all the tools and intelligence needed to be the solidified QB1 for the season.
If (and hopefully when) that is the case, I think expectations for Lance as the starter should be tempered a bit, but still hold him to a high standard. Lance can definitely be a 30 total TD, less than 10 INT kind of guy. He's shown that he's a very decisive thrower who knows where to go with the ball, as his 1 career college INT reflects. While he does have some lower body mechanics that need to be refined, he is the closest thing to come in terms of a complete QB.
Aside from his intelligence, the #49ers are getting a QB who can throw to all levels of the field with ease. Short, Intermediate, DEEP… and even the infamous far hash throw like this. This is what I call a "Grown Ass Man" type of throw👇 pic.twitter.com/uzeBmlIOFi
— Perry (@AnthonyRMPerry) April 30, 2021
Lance has the natural strength to throw the ball where it needs to go. Whether that's short, intermediate, deep, far hash, in breaking routes, etc., Lance can do it all. While many argue that his accuracy is an issue, I do not think it is as bad as people make it. Lance, when compared to the other first round QBs in this draft class, has the lowest measured accuracy. However, his 65% career accuracy mark is respectable. Josh Allen in comparison, was a 56% passer in college. Now THAT is an ugly number.
Fine, I'll show you as much Trey Lance as I can SZA https://t.co/r011sQm4dC pic.twitter.com/yfyIsIt5Nv
Lance's film shows he's got the arm talent to get the ball anywhere he wants, with ease as well. While I do not think he is as fluid of a thrower as Fields or Wilson are, Lance can still make any throw he needs to. This is something that should excite Kyle Shanahan to the max.
Good lord Trey Lance. Something about watching his film late at night makes his plays way more intriguing
This throw was a piss missile to the far side of the field. I actually like the design of this play a ton too, but the throw was a thing of beauty #49ers pic.twitter.com/ROsj8CgRRN
Kyle Shanahan is likely drooling at the idea that he can dust off the other half of his playbook that he hasn't seen in years due to QB limitations. Garoppolo, Mullens, Beathard, Hoyer, these guys do not have anywhere near the talent or ability that Lance does to make throws to all levels of the field.
So, with that being said, I think Lance is primed to win offensive ROTY. He's stepping into a system that features solid receivers all around, a top-5 rushing attack, and the best offensive play caller in the NFL. He'll go through his lumps and bruises as he develops into a star, but for now, I think all of us can expect VERY good things out of Lance, not just now, but for years to come as well.
Will start off with a positive.
One thing I LOVE about Lance is his ability to drive the ball with velocity on intermediate throws. He's always willing to put some mustard on the ball.
I don't think the WR needed to go down on the catch, the throw is solid nonetheless. pic.twitter.com/bdwmCxPDBC
— Perry (@AnthonyRMPerry) April 7, 2021
49ers, Football, NFL, nfldraft


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The Scene 6 Steps To Select The Best Preschool In Singapore For Your Child
6 Steps To Select The Best Preschool In Singapore For Your Child
Pic: Unsplash
By Jasmine Alimin September 17, 2019
We speak to Dr Elaine Kim, co-founder of Trehaus School, and Kelly Hor, director of schools for Odyssey The Global Preschool; and break it down. Don't worry, it's not that difficult
No longer do preschools have teacher-led, cookie-cutter curriculums, there is a wide array of different award-winning pedagogies, language immersion programmes, beautifully-designed campuses, first-class amenities... the list goes on. With so many options—each institution offering varying and unique features—how do you pick the one?
How do you even begin to choose? To help us, we asked two experts for advice.
Dr Elaine Kim is the co-founder of Trehaus School—a Silicon Valley-inspired preschool in the heart of the CBD—which recently launched in August, revolutionising how parents and children can seamlessly work and play under one roof. With this modern approach to school-work-life balance, Trehaus School is set to pave the way for a new generation of top preschools in Singapore.
According to Elaine, the top priority when choosing a preschool would be picking a place where your child will be the happiest. "Academics are important, but your child has a lifetime of formal learning ahead of them. Preschool should be a joyous place where he or she learns to love school and makes happy memories with you," she affirms.
Kelly Hor is the director of schools for Odyssey The Global Preschool, a prestigious IB-certified institution backed by Reggio Emilia practices. In her opinion, having a melting pot of cultures is the most ideal situation as it "helps children develop an in-depth understanding of intercultural differences and international mindedness—essential skills for little ones to thrive as learners not just in the local learning environment, but globally as well."
Although there are many factors to note when it comes to narrowing your choices, there are six key essentials in determining the best preschool for your child. And, it starts with you, the parent.
Academics are important, but your child has a lifetime of formal learning ahead of them. Preschool should be a joyous place where he or she learns to love school and makes happy memories with you.
— Dr Elaine Kim
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(Related: Tatler 10: The Best Local And International Preschools In Singapore)
A classroom at Odyssey The Global Preschool
1/6 Know Your Child, Know Yourself
Before researching on schools, spend some time thinking about your child. What kind of environment does he or she thrive in? Does your child need more structure or more freedom? In what areas would you like to see the most growth? Thinking about your child's personality will help you recognise that the school which everyone else is raving about might not actually serve the needs of your little one.
As a parent, you may also have opinions about the way you want your child to be educated. For instance, is the centre more focused on play or academics? If you're academic-oriented, a school that doesn't give homework isn't the right one. So do make sure the school's philosophy, beliefs and values are aligned with yours.
(Related: Pictures From The Special Preview Of The Odyssey Orchard's New Campus)
2/6 Finding the Curriculum that Works for Your Child
There's no such thing as a one-size-fits-all curriculum, even in early learning. For you to decide which curriculum works best for your child, pay a visit to the centre with Junior and see for yourself if he or she feels comfortable in class.
While established institutions such as Odyssey The Global Preschool bank on proven pedagogies like the Reggio Emilia method, where children are empowered through a child-directed learning approach, Trehaus School draws inspiration from a gamut of methodologies that include Montessori, Reggio Emilia, Ecological Systems, RIE, and Somatics.
"In this changing world, parents increasingly recognise that education also needs to change accordingly to meet a future where more than 50 per cent of the jobs that exist tomorrow don't exist today," says Elaine. "The debate of each pedagogy holds its pros and cons, and that is why we have extracted the best elements of each to help us curate our very own project-based curriculum and framework. Our curriculum writers are not only from the education field, they are from all walks of life and backgrounds—tech engineers, psychologists, doctors, artists, music producers and entrepreneurs—providing a diverse perspective that lends a breadth of skillset teaching to the curriculum."
3/6 Great Teachers are Half the Battle Won
It goes without saying, teachers make up the heart of the school, so it's important that you find a caring and dedicated educator who is qualified and well-trained. "In Singapore, parents are quite fortunate in that the Early Childhood Development Agency (ECDA) regulates the industry quite stringently; all teachers must possess relevant qualifications, centres must satisfy guidelines on matters such as staff-child ratios, and there is the accreditation system, SPARK (Singapore Pre-school Accreditation Framework), for preschools," explains Kelly.
4/6 A Low Teacher-student Ratio for the Win
Children are individuals with different learning preferences, talents and characters. To meet your little one's needs, it is crucial to find a school that offers small class sizes and low teacher-student ratios. At Trehaus School, the ratio is at a very low 1:5.
This enables the teacher to foster the child's individuality and potential rather than just a cookie-cutter, top-down style of class management," explains Elaine.
(Related: Trehaus At Funan Is A Silicon Valley-Inspired Preschool, Co-Working Space And Family Club)
5/6 An Effective Classroom Set-up
With both Trehaus School and Odyssey The Global Preschool, the bar is set very high in terms of classroom infrastructure. Kelly believes in the principle of the environment as the "third teacher" in effectively supporting children's learning and growth. "Classrooms for toddlers should not be overly cluttered with furniture and materials. There should be clearly defined pathways and ample floor space for play, interaction and movement, which would encourage them to explore and investigate their environment," she adds.
Trehaus School at Funan takes a different approach with open-plan classrooms designed like little villages complete with supply stores and a bank to draw Trehaus currency. The kids also have access to an indoor playground sandpit, beach house and rock wall, as well as an outdoor edible garden and futsal court. More importantly, there's a business centre and café within the Trehaus space for parents to co-work at while their little ones are in school.
(Related: 7 Of The Best Kids Summer Camps Abroad For Your Tatlings)
6/6 Bottomline: Go with Your Gut
The biggest thing to remember is that it's more important to follow your child's lead than to follow the crowd. Ask yourself: Does your child look happy being there? Do you hear laughter from the other children? Can you feel the warmth of the staff and a sense of community? Does the school view parents as partners in raising the child together or are parents merely customers and their kids an enrolment number? Ultimately, it's not about being in the most prestigious school or one with five-star amenities, but what suits your child best.
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6 Steps To Select The Best Preschool In Singapore For Your Child | Singapore Tatler