text:
\section{Introduction}

The geometry and kinematics of the broad-line region (BLR) in active galactic
nuclei (AGNs) have been studied for about three decades but the details are
far from well understood.  It is widely accepted that the BLR is stratified:
high-ionization lines originate from small radii and low-ionization lines
arise further out \citep{collin88}. This stratification picture is
supported by the results of reverberation mapping, which show that lines of
different ionization have different lags (e.g., \citealt{peterson99}).
The dependence of the systemic velocities of the emission lines on ionization
\citep[e.g.,][]{gaskell82,sulentic00a,richards02,shang07} suggests that the
BLR may originate from a wind and a disk \citep[e.g.,][and references
therein]{leighly04a,leighly04b}.  However, the profiles of the broad emission
lines often contain multiple velocity components, suggesting that the
structure of the BLR may be more complex than can be described by a
simple stratification or wind $+$ disk model.

It has been known that the broad ${\rm H}\beta$\ line profiles are generally not well
described by a single Gaussian. Two Gaussians \citep[e.g.,][]{netzer07} or a
Gauss-Hermite function \citep[e.g.,][]{salviander07} are often used.
Additionally, the profiles show great diversity from object to object.  Sources
with narrower ${\rm H}\beta$\ lines tend to have stronger line wings, while those
with broader ${\rm H}\beta$\ lines are dominated by the line core
\citep[e.g.,][]{sulentic02}. Some sources have asymmetric and shifted ${\rm H}\beta$\
profiles, suggesting that the BLR has a structure more complex than a single
virialized component. The ${\rm H}\beta$\ profile of OQ 208, for example, has an
additional redshifted ${\rm H}\beta$\ component of intermediate width that closely
resembles the kinematics of Fe {\sc ii}\ \citep{marziani93}. Additional evidence
that the BLR contains two or more kinematically distinct components comes
from differential variability between the line core and wing
\citep[e.g.,][]{ferland90,peterson00}.  The existence of an
intermediate-line region and a very broad-line region for ${\rm H}\beta$\ emission was
suggested by some previous studies \citep[e.g.,][]{brotherton96,sulentic00b}.

In a recent spectral decomposition of a large sample of quasars selected from
the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), Hu et al. (2008, hereinafter Paper I)
find that the majority of quasars show Fe {\sc ii}\ emission that is both redshifted
and narrower than ${\rm H}\beta$.  Moreover, the magnitude of the Fe {\sc ii}\ redshift
correlates inversely with the Eddington ratio.  These characteristics suggest
that Fe {\sc ii}\ originates from an exterior portion of the BLR, whose dynamics may
be dominated by infall.  These findings offer fresh insights into the
structure of the BLR.

In light of the trends associated with Fe {\sc ii}\ emission, we expect that a
portion of the ${\rm H}\beta$-emitting gas may be related to an inflowing component too.
In this Letter, we systematically study the ${\rm H}\beta$\ profiles of SDSS quasars to
try to answer two questions: do all quasars have an intermediate-width ${\rm H}\beta$\
component similar to OQ 208, and, if so, is this component also associate with
the Fe {\sc ii}\ emission?  We show that the conventional broad ${\rm H}\beta$\ line actually
consists of two kinematically linked components, one of which originates
from the same region that emits Fe {\sc ii}.

\section{Sample and Data Analysis}

Our sample is selected from the SDSS Fifth Data Release (\citealt{adelman07})
quasar catalog \citep{schneider07}.  We choose objects with redshifts $z<0.8$
to ensure that {\sc [O iii]}\ $\lambda$5007 lies within the SDSS spectral coverage. We
also require a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) $>$ 10 in the restframe wavelength
range 4430--5550 \AA\ (covering ${\rm H}\beta$, {\sc [O iii]}, and the most prominent features
of optical Fe {\sc ii}\ emission) and that no more than 1/3 of the pixels are masked
by the
SDSS pipeline in this region. 7601 quasars satisfy these criteria.  The
spectral analysis, whose details are described in Paper I, involves fitting a
continuum model in a set of windows devoid of strong emission lines that
consists of (1) a single power law, (2) Balmer continuum supplemented with
high-order Balmer emission lines, and (3) a pseudo-continuum due to blended
Fe {\sc ii}\ emission.  The full width at half maximum (FWHM) and shift of Fe {\sc ii}\ are
measured from the continuum decomposition. After subtracting the continuum
model, the ${\rm H}\beta$\ line is decomposed into narrow (${\rm H}\beta_{\rm NC}$) and broad (${\rm H}\beta_{\rm BC}$)
components.  ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm NC}$\ is forced to have the same profile as {\sc [O iii]}, a shift of up
to 600 $\rm km~s^{-1}$\ relative to {\sc [O iii]}, and an intensity constrained to lie between
1/20 and 1/3 of that of {\sc [O iii]}. ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm BC}$\ is modeled using a Gauss-Hermite function
\citep{vandermarel93}, whose best fit yields FWHM(${\rm H}\beta_{\rm BC}$).
The rest frame is defined by the peak of the {\sc [O iii]}\ $\lambda$5007 (see Paper
I for more details).

\begin{figure}
  \includegraphics[angle=-90,width=0.47\textwidth]{f1.eps}
\caption{\footnotesize ({\it a}) Variation of ${\rm H}\beta$\ profile with line width.
$P$ denotes the probability that the double-Gaussian model cannot improve
the fit.  A high value of $P$ means that the ${\rm H}\beta$\ line can be adequately
described by a single Gaussian, whereas a low value of $P$ indicates that
two Gaussians are needed.  The dashed line is $1-P = 99.73 \%$. The sources
below this line need two Gaussians to fit their broad ${\rm H}\beta$\ lines. ({\it b})
The critical EW ratio of ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$/${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ for requiring the double-Gaussian model
as a function of signal-to-noise ratio.}
\label{fig-hbwfp}
\end{figure}

Although the Gauss-Hermite function provides a good and convenient mathematical
description of the ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm BC}$\ profile, for the purpose of this
Letter---investigating whether there is an intermediate-width ${\rm H}\beta$\ component
associated with Fe {\sc ii}\ emission---we use the following simpler method to
fit ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm BC}$. First, we use only one Gaussian to model the broad ${\rm H}\beta$\ line
(hereinafter the single-Gaussian model).  Then we fit broad ${\rm H}\beta$\ with two
Gaussians (hereinafter the double-Gaussian model), an intermediate-width
component (${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$) and a very broad component (${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$).  In both models, ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm NC}$\ is
fitted in the same way as in Paper I.  First, we compare the $\chi^2$\ of the
double-Gaussian model and the Gauss-Hermite. There are 630 sources with
$\chi^2$\ 20\% larger in the double-Gaussian model than in the Gauss-Hermite model
\citep{hao05}; this means that the double-Gaussian fit is still inadequate for
these sources\footnote{From a statistical view for the whole sample, however,
this does not mean that the double-Gaussian model is worse than the
Gauss-Hermite model. There are 510 sources with $\chi^2$\ 20\% smaller for the
double-Gaussian model than for the Gauss-Hermite model, and for most sources
both models are equally good.}.
Then, for the sources that can be well fitted by the
double-Gaussian model, we compare the reduced $\chi^2$\ of the double-Gaussian
and single-Gaussian model, and use the F-test \citep[Chapter 12.1]{lupton93}
to calculate how significantly the double-Gaussian model improves the fit.
Whether a source needs two Gaussians or not depends on its ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm BC}$\ width.
Figure \ref{fig-hbwfp}{\it a} shows the probability $P$ that the
double-Gaussian model cannot improve the fit, as a function of FWHM(${\rm H}\beta_{\rm BC}$).
The 2435 sources below the dashed line ($\sim 32\%$ of the whole sample)
require two Gaussians at a significance greater than 3 $\sigma$.  For
sources with FWHM(${\rm H}\beta_{\rm BC}$) $\gtrsim$ 5000 $\rm km~s^{-1}$, one Gaussian is enough to
describe the profile of ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm BC}$.  This is consistent with \citet{collin06}, who
find that the ratio FWHM/$\sigma$ ($\sigma$ is the line dispersion) of ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm BC}$\
depends on its line width (see their Fig. 3). For sources with broader ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm BC}$,
this ratio is close to 2.35, the value for a single Gaussian. As discussed
later, this means that broader sources have a weaker ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ component.

We use Monte Carlo simulations to determine the detection threshold of ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$.
We generate artificial ${\rm H}\beta$\ lines using two components [FWHM(${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$) is set to
2.5 FWHM(${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$) as shown in Fig. \ref{fig-hbihbvb}], fit it using a single
and a double Gaussian, and then calculate the probability $P$ as before. The
EW ratio of ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$/${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ is increased progressively until $1-P$ exceeds
99.73\%. (All EW measurements refer to the continuum at 5100 \AA.)
The critical EW ratio of ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$/${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ depends on S/N, as shown in
Figure \ref{fig-hbwfp}{\it b}. In order to detect an ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ component with an
EW that is 10\% larger than the EW of ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$, the S/N should be larger than
$22.5$.  Thus, in the analysis below, we remove all sources with (1)
S/N $< 22.5$, (2) $\chi^2$\ of double-Gaussian 20\% larger than the $\chi^2$\ of
Gauss-Hermite and $1-P < 99.73$\%, and (3) EW(Fe) $<$ 25 \AA\ (to insure
that the Fe {\sc ii}\ measurements are as reliable as those in Paper I).
These three cuts left 1499, 811, and 568 sources, respectively. Note that
the fraction of sources that require a double-Gussian model (811/1499 $\approx$
54\%) is larger than the fraction when the S/N threshold is 10 (2435/7601
$\approx$ 32\%), consistent with the simulations above: fainter ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ can
be detected with higher S/N. The analysis below focuses on the most
stringent subset of 568 sources ($\sim 38\%$ of the sources with S/N
$>$ 22.5). The reduced $\chi^2$\ for the double-Gaussian model fit has a median
value of 1.004.

To constrain the relative strengths of Fe {\sc ii}\ emission associated with the
very broad and intermediate-width components, we generated simulated spectra
using two Fe {\sc ii}\ components, and then fit them using only one component, whose
width is fixed to that of the input intermediate-width component. The EW of
the input very broad component is increased progressively until the reduced $\chi^2$\
of the fit exceeds 1 $\sigma$ from the expect value. For a typical Fe {\sc ii}\ EW
of 75 \AA\ and S/N $\approx$ 25 in our final sample, the flux ratio of Fe {\sc ii}\
between the input very broad component and intermediate-width component is
$\sim$0.3. This is the upper limit of the Fe {\sc ii}\ emission coming from the
very broad component.

\begin{figure*}
  \includegraphics[angle=-90,width=0.98\textwidth]{f2.eps}
  \caption{\footnotesize Examples of Fe {\sc ii}\ measurement and emission-line
  fitting for ({\it a}) SDSS J094603.94$+$013923.6, ({\it b}) SDSS
  J092008.22$+$032245.4, and ({\it c}) SDSS J103859.58$+$422742.2.  For each
  source, the top panel shows multi-Gaussian fitting for ${\rm H}\beta$\ and {\sc [O iii]}.
  ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ is in green and ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ is in magenta. The two blue dashed lines mark
  the rest-frame wavelength of ${\rm H}\beta$\ and {\sc [O iii]}\ $\lambda$5007. The magenta
  dotted line is the position of ${\rm H}\beta$\ at the same velocity as Fe {\sc ii}.  Note the
  consistency between the ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ peak and the dotted line.
  ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm NC}$\ and {\sc [O iii]}\ are in blue. The red line is the sum of each component. The
  bottom panel shows the emission-line spectrum after subtracting the power-law
  continuum. The green portions of the spectrum denote the windows for fitting
  the Fe {\sc ii}\ emission, whose model is given in red.  The blue dashed line marks
  the peak of Fe {\sc ii}\ $\lambda$4924 at zero velocity shift.
  }
  \label{fig-example}
\end{figure*}

Figure \ref{fig-example}
shows the emission-line fitting and Fe {\sc ii}\ emission measurement for three
typical sources. Example {\it a} is an extreme case that has a large Fe {\sc ii}\
redshift (1533$\pm$24 $\rm km~s^{-1}$) and ${\rm H}\beta$\ with an isolated red peak. The
Fe {\sc ii}\ in example {\it b} is moderately redshifted (590$\pm$98 $\rm km~s^{-1}$), and its
${\rm H}\beta$\ core shows only a strong red asymmetry rather than another peak. A more
common situation is seen in example {\it c}, in which Fe {\sc ii}\ and ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ have no
shift and the ${\rm H}\beta$\ profile is symmetrical.  Table \ref{tab-all} lists the
measurements of the three sources shown in Figure \ref{fig-example}.

\begin{table*}
\begin{center}
  \caption{Line Measurements
  \label{tab-all}}
{\scriptsize
\begin{tabular}{cccccccccccccc}
  \hline\hline
 & &\multicolumn{3}{c}{Fe {\sc ii}} & & \multicolumn{3}{c}{${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$} & &
\multicolumn{3}{c}{${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$} & \\
\cline{3-5} \cline{7-9} \cline{11-13}
SDSS Name & $z$ & EW & FWHM & Shift & & EW & FWHM & Shift & &
EW & FWHM & Shift & $\chi^2$ \\
 & &(\AA)&($\rm km~s^{-1}$)&($\rm km~s^{-1}$)& &(\AA)&($\rm km~s^{-1}$)&($\rm km~s^{-1}$)& &(\AA)&($\rm km~s^{-1}$)&($\rm km~s^{-1}$)& \\
 \hline
094603.94$+$013923.6 & 0.220 & 60$\pm$1 & 1543$\pm$55 & 1533$\pm$24 & &
54$\pm$1 & 1428$\pm$18 & 1754$\pm$7 & &
125$\pm$1 & 5730$\pm$ 58 & 400$\pm$25 & 3.506 \\
092008.22$+$032245.4 & 0.334 & 45$\pm$2 & 2548$\pm$251 & 590$\pm$98 & &
27$\pm$2 & 2281$\pm$103 & 589$\pm$42 & &
42$\pm$2 & 6924$\pm$332 & $-$195$\pm$109 & 0.715 \\
103859.58$+$422742.2 & 0.221 & 72$\pm$1 & 1297$\pm$40 & $-$10$\pm$18 & &
13$\pm$1 & 1259$\pm$71 & $-$16$\pm$26 & &
44$\pm$1 & 3893$\pm$87 & $-$279$\pm$29 & 1.361 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
}
\parbox{0.9\textwidth}{
\tablecomments{Table \ref{tab-all} is available in its entirety
  electronically.}
}
\end{center}
\end{table*}

\section{Results and Discussions}

\begin{figure}
  \includegraphics[angle=-90,width=0.47\textwidth]{f3.eps}
  \caption{\footnotesize Correlations between ({\it a}) Fe {\sc ii}\ and ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\
  shifts and ({\it b}) Fe {\sc ii}\ and ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ widths. The solid diagonal lines
  denote that Fe {\sc ii}\ and ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ have the same shifts and widths. The contours
  in panel ({\it a}) show the density of the data points.}
  \label{fig-hbife}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
  \includegraphics[angle=-90,width=0.47\textwidth]{f4.eps}
  \caption{\footnotesize Plots of ({\it a}) Fe {\sc ii}\ vs. ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ shifts and
  ({\it b}) Fe {\sc ii}\ vs. ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ widths. The two lines have different shifts
  and widths.}
  \label{fig-hbvbfe}
\end{figure}

We find that ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ and Fe {\sc ii}\ emission have similar kinematics. The similarity
can be seen not only in individual sources, but also statistically for the
whole sample.  From examples {\it a} to {\it c} in Figure \ref{fig-example}, the
${\rm H}\beta$\ profiles change progressively while the Fe {\sc ii}\ shifts become lower and
lower. Figure \ref{fig-hbife}{\it a} shows a strong correlation between ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\
and Fe {\sc ii}\ shifts. Pearson's correlation coefficient $r_{\rm P}$ is 0.22,
and the probability $P$ of a chance correlation is $< 1\times10^{-5}$.
${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ and Fe {\sc ii}\ have approximately the
same shifts. The widths of ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ and Fe {\sc ii}\ are also well correlated and
roughly equal (Fig. \ref{fig-hbife}{\it b}); $r_{\rm P}$ = 0.48 and $P <
1\times10^{-5}$. Except for some sources to the upper left of the solid lines
whose errors are large, the majority of sources follow the relation that ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ and
Fe {\sc ii}\ have the same shifts and widths. By contrast, Fe {\sc ii}\ and ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ have
different shifts and widths (Fig. \ref{fig-hbvbfe}). We also find
that the kinematic
connection between ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ and ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ is complicated.  No correlation between
${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ and ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ shifts is seen (Fig. \ref{fig-hbihbvb}{\it a}), but the
${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ and ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ widths are strongly linked, such that FWHM(${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$) $\approx$
2.5 FWHM(${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$) (Fig. \ref{fig-hbihbvb}{\it b}).

\begin{figure}
  \includegraphics[angle=-90,width=0.47\textwidth]{f5.eps}
  \caption{\footnotesize Plots of ({\it a}) ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ vs. ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ shifts and
  ({\it b}) ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ vs. ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ widths. The two components have different shifts
  and widths. The solid line in panel ({\it b}) denotes FWHM(${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$) $= 2.5$
  FWHM(${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$).}
  \label{fig-hbihbvb}
\end{figure}

The observational results described above suggest a scenario in which the
conventional BLR consists of two components---an intermediate-line region
(ILR) and a very broad-line region (VBLR).
If both regions are virialized, so that $R \propto v^{-2}$, then the ILR is
about $2.5^2$ or 6.25 times farther from the center than the VBLR.  Because of
its redshift, the kinematics of the ILR may be dominated by infall. ${\rm H}\beta$\
emission emerges from both the ILR and VBLR, while most of the Fe {\sc ii}\ emission
comes from the ILR.

The ILR and VBLR defined in this paper are essentially similar to those
described in \citet{corbin95}, \citet{brotherton96}, \citet{sulentic00b},
and \citet{zhu08} but
differ from those in \citet{brotherton94} or \citet{sulentic99},
which refer to the {\sc C iv}-emitting region.  Note that the ILR and VBLR of the
${\rm H}\beta$-emitting region are distinct from those of the {\sc C iv}-emitting region
because the {\sc C iv}\ ILR usually has the systemic redshift while the {\sc C iv}\ VBLR
shows a blueshift.

\begin{figure}
  \includegraphics[angle=-90,width=0.47\textwidth]{f6.eps}
  \caption{\footnotesize Plots of ({\it a}) ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ vs. ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ EWs and
  ({\it b}) Fe {\sc ii}\ vs. ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ EWs. No correlations are found.}
  \label{fig-ew}
\end{figure}

The lack of correlation between the EWs of ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ and ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ (Fig.
\ref{fig-ew}{\it a}) strongly suggests that the two components are emitted
from different regions. If both are photoionized, they must have different
covering factors. The relative strength between ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ and ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ determines
the final ${\rm H}\beta$\ profiles.  In Figure \ref{fig-hbwfp}, sources broader than
$\sim$5000 $\rm km~s^{-1}$\ can be fitted well using one Gaussian. This trend can be
interpreted in our two-component BLR scenario. It is well known that sources
with broad ${\rm H}\beta$\ tend to have weak Fe {\sc ii}/${\rm H}\beta$\
\citep[e.g.,][]{bg92,sulentic00a}.  The ILR is weak in these systems because
Fe {\sc ii}\ is weak.  Their profiles show little deviation from a single Gaussian
under the typical S/N level of SDSS spectra. The composite spectra of sources
with large Fe {\sc ii}\ redshifts, on the other hand, do show red asymmetry in the
${\rm H}\beta$\ profiles (see Fig. 13 of Paper I).  The variation in the relative
strength of the ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm VBC}$\ and ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ components in different sources reflects
the competition between the two components,
although they apparently do so in such a manner that their kinematics
remained coupled.

It is of interest to note that the strengths of ${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ and Fe {\sc ii}\
are not correlated (Fig. \ref{fig-ew}{\it b}). The wide range of
Fe {\sc ii}/${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ ratios reflects either the complexity of the excitation mechanism
of Fe {\sc ii}\ emission \citep[e.g.,][and references therein]{baldwin04} or
large variations in quasar metallicities \citep[e.g.,][]{netzer07}.

\section{Summary}

We have studied the profiles of the ${\rm H}\beta$\ emission line using a large sample of
quasars selected from SDSS. Comparing the ${\rm H}\beta$\ profiles with the properties of
Fe {\sc ii}\ emission given in Paper I, we deduced the existence of two ${\rm H}\beta$\
emission regions---an intermediate-line region and a very broad-line region.
The observational evidence can be summarized as follows:
\begin{enumerate}
\item{The velocity shifts and widths of the ${\rm H}\beta$\ intermediate-width component
are approximately the same as those of Fe {\sc ii}, indicating that they originate
from the same region.  However, the Fe {\sc ii}/${\rm H}\beta_{\rm IC}$\ ratios vary greatly from
object to object, reflecting variations in either metal abundance or
excitation conditions in the Fe {\sc ii}-emitting region.}
\item{The velocity width of the very broad component of ${\rm H}\beta$\ is roughly
2.5 times larger than that of the intermediate-width component, but no
correlation exists between their radial velocities.  The equivalent widths
of the two components are also unrelated, suggesting that they have very
different covering factors and geometry.  The conventional BLR seems to
consist of two different, physically distinct regions.  We suggest
that the intermediate-width component of ${\rm H}\beta$\ and Fe {\sc ii}\ trace an infalling
region in the outskirts of the BLR, likely located in between the molecular
torus and the accretion disk.}
\end{enumerate}

The properties of the ${\rm H}\beta$-emitting region discussed here, in conjunction with
those of Fe {\sc ii}\ emission summarized in Paper I, offer important new
constraints on models of the broad emission-line regions.  This will be
the subject of a forthcoming paper.

\acknowledgments

We appreciate extensive discussions among the members of the IHEP AGN group.
We thank an anonymous referee for helpful comments.
This research is supported by NSFC via NSFC-10325313, 10733010 and
10521001, and by CAS via KJCX2-YW-T03.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Wikileaks to sue Visa, Mastercard over "financial blockade"
July 2, 2011 / 7:03 AM / CBS News
Wikileaks founder Julian Assange Getty Images/Peter Macdiarmid
WikiLeaks said late Friday that it intends to sue Visa and Mastercard for blocking donations to the service, an action it described as "an unlawful, U.S. influenced, financial blockade."
The lawsuit, which will be joined by Wikileaks' credit card processing partner, Datacell, comes in response to the move last year by the financial services companies to stop payments to Wikileaks. At the time, the companies said they stopped processing donations over concerns that WikiLeaks may have broken the law in the way that it obtained and published secret documents on the Internet.
Other companies which took similar action included PayPal and Amazon. They were not mentioned in the press release put out by Wikileaks.
Video: Outrage over Wikileaks
CBSNews.com Special report: WikiLeaks
In December, British police arrested WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange on a Swedish warrant seeking his detention for questioning in a sex-crimes investigation. Assange, who angered Washington by spilling thousands of government secrets on the Internet, has described his arrest as politically-motivated. Assange earned the ire of U.S. officials for publishing a secret State Department inventory of sites across the world deemed vital to American security.
Wikileaks said that it plans to file its complaint with the European Commission but indicated that "further actions in other jurisdictions will follow," according to the statement..
In a statement, Wikileaks described last December's decision by the companies to block credit card transactions to WikiLeaks and DataCell as "a serious violation of the Competition Rules of the EU (Article 101(1) and 102)." It also said that the companies violated Danish merchant laws by terminating the payment services and by their refusal to reinstate them.
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Joe Biden through the years
Newly elected to be the 46th president, Biden has had a long political career and a personal life filled with triumph and heartbreak.
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Astrophotography: Stunning images of Idaho's night sky
The Central Idaho Dark Sky Reserve, draped over nearly one million acres of wilderness areas and the Sawtooth National Forest, is a major draw for amateur astrophotographers capturing the heavens
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Latest From CBS News
"There's no time to start like today," the new president told reporters, hours after his inauguration.
Joseph Randall Biggs, 37, faces three charges for his alleged role in the deadly attack.
SpaceX launches another 60 Starlink satellites
SpaceX has now launched more than 1,000 Starlink internet relay satellites.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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ELIZABETH HOLMES 'THERANOS' FRAUD WAS ACTUALLY A PLOT TO SURVEIL THE BLOOD AND DNA OF EVERYONE
Mkke Adams
Fraudster Elizabeth Holmes — who was once featured on the cover of Fortune Magazine and celebrated as the next Steve Jobs — scammed hundreds of millions of dollars from wealthy investors (mostly older men who were easily hypnotized by a younger woman) to create a company called Theranos.
Theranos promised to miniaturize hundreds of clinical blood tests, claiming to be able to run all these tests from a single drop of blood, using an automated machine that would sit in your home for daily use.
The marketing of this machine — dubbed the Edison — imagined people donating a drop of blood each day in their own homes. The machine would run hundreds of lab tests on your blood, then upload the results to the Theranos cloud where "biomarkers" would be compared with other results to produce diagnostic information about your health condition and risks of disease.
But Theranos was a massive fraud. The machines were faked and didn't actually work. During demonstrations for investors, Elizabeth Holmes ordered lab techs to use sleight-of-hand to remove blood samples from the machines and run the blood tests using traditional bench top analysis techniques. Once those tests were completed, the techs covertly slipped the results back into the machine, which then "produced" the test results for investors. The whole thing was a massive fraud that smacked of bad stage magic, but it was heavily touted by the left-wing media, which celebrated Elizabeth Holmes as a god-like savior of humanity.
Theranos has now been dismantled. The company no longer exists, and Elizabeth Holmes has been criminally charged for materially misleading investors who lost nearly a billion dollars in the massive fraud.
But what if the Theranos fraud wasn't really about public health at all? What if the entire scheme was really about surveillance of your blood?
Theranos was really about building a blood and DNA database of everyone
That's the deeper story in all this. The Edison machine was really a blood and DNA surveillance system that would sit in your home and surveil your blood each day. Your DNA and blood profile would then be uploaded into a Theranos database that would obviously be shared with the deep state globalists who also run Google and Facebook.
Henry Kissinger was on the board of Theranos. So were other globalists and influencers tied to the Clintons. When an employee threatened to blow the whistle on Theranos, he was stalked and threatened by Theranos goons, much like Google whistleblowers are threatened and intimidated today.
Theranos was never about blood tests. Its real goal was to install blood surveillance hardware in every U.S. home. No wonder the media kept promoting Elizabeth Holmes as if she were the second coming of Christ.
Even more shockingly, as you'll see in the video below, Elizabeth Holmes doesn't even seem to be human. She talks like a male demon, never blinks and owns dozens of sets of the exact same wardrobe (black turtle necks).
Watch my video for full details that you will find absolutely stunning, exclusively on Brighteon.com:
https://www.brighteon.com/59e4f2b3-157c-40eb-9854-d508abfbd4ca
https://www.naturalnews.com/2019-08-27-elizabeth-holmes-theranos-fraud-surveil-blood-and-dna.html
PAYBACK: DOJ OPENS SWEEPING ANTITRUST CASE AGAINST BIG TECH
Revealed: Google Execs Funded Crowdstrike – The 'Experts' Behind the Russian Hackers Story Fea
Google VP grilled by senators over allegations of tech giant's bias against conservatives
Paypal billionaire co-founder Peter Thiel accuses Google of "treason" after the tech giant sides with Communist China over the U.S. military
DISNEY, AMAZON, NETFLIX TARGETED OVR HUMAN RIGHTS


1929 (Feb 15) France to Indochina airmail cover, returned to sender after failed trial flight, franked with French issue of 11.5f, tied by France-Indonchina airmail cds., along with reigstered mark, airmail mark and "Raid Interrompu Par Accident Retour a L'envoyour" mark. VF-F.
A collection of European Charity stamps, holding in clear holder, showing numerous stamps, postmarks and covers. A nice collection. Please view.
1840 (Aug 14) GB Mulready One Penny postal sheet used from Dudley to London, bearing a red Maltese Cross mark on front, on reverse with originating cds. and arrival. VF-F.
1840 (Jun 6) folded letter from Edinburgh to London, bearing a pair of Penny Black from Plate 1a, early impression, letter FC-FD. Two strikes of Edinburgh GPO Maltese Cross in bright red. On reverse Edinburgh GPO cds and London GPO arrival. VF-F.
1951 two covers from East Germany to England, one f.w. Mao postrait issue. VF-F.


Visitors to our Life festival exhibit at the Moor Market (Sheffield S1 4PF) on Saturday 23 April 2016 were given a unique opportunity to see what bugs are growing at the back of their throats.
Researchers in the Florey Institute plated your nasopharyngeal swabs onto blood agar plates, incubated them for a couple of days - and these are the results! Just match the number we gave you on the day with the number under the photo to see what is growing in your nose!


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Developer Q & A: On the making of Woodsalt
by ddnetadmin
adventure game/adventure games/Art Game/Indie/Interview/Interviews/UK
Interview by Matt S.
Earlier today, retro-themed narrative game, Woodsalt, got a release date and a new trailer and… it's looking really, really nice. Promising to do away with the grind that could turn otherwise great games into time-sinks, Woodsalt has a lot of potential, backed with a lovely art style and a true indie spirit.
I had the opportunity to drop Team Woodsalt Creative Director, George Berry, a couple of questions about what inspired the game, what his goals were with it, and why nostalgia was such a powerful motivating force.
Matt S: What is it about 90's-era JRPGs that inspired you to make this game?
George B: The first game I had for my PlayStation 1 was Final Fantasy 7 (which by the way is the best game ever). I remember my older brother had a magazine where they were doing previews of it and it was so different from the games I was playing, such as Sonic and Mortal Kombat.
I think what Asian games and indeed most Asian media do extremely well are stories that relate to the core of the human experience. I guess maybe western media is full of certain hero fulfilment stories of action heroes and to come to a genre that had these grand sweeping epics tied in with fantasy and sci-fi it really spoke to me. They have such a unique sense of humour and wanderlust that you just didn't get with games and stories of the west. Not to say I don't love the odd shooty bang bang game, I really do (COD: Advanced Warfare had a fantastic campaign and I will die on this hill) but there's just something about the stories of the classic era JRPG's that really made me feel things, and that's what I really wanted to bring back.
Matt S: I love the "no-filler, no fetch quests" promise. Even as someone who loves JRPGs, I'm growing exhausted with the way games pad themselves out arbitrarily. Why did you think it was important to respect the player's time (and how long will it take to play Woodsalt)?
George B: I'm 31 and I have two jobs (this and my corporate job in London to keep the lights on and pay the team). I have friends, family and work to all deal with and I constantly found myself getting really annoyed with games like the original Ni No Kuni for padding the story with grinding to level up. It's just so pointless to make me get a set of numbers up in order to proceed. The only difference is that my team had higher stats. I didn't learn anything new, I just pissed a bunch of time up the wall beating on little creatures to the extent I was worried PETA was going to bust down my door. I just wanted the story to progress and learn more about the world, and I loved those parts. I haven't even picked up the second Ni No Kuni because of that, and Persona 5 has been collecting dust because I just don't have the time.
With Woodsalt I just stripped that all out. To get all of the content in the game you're looking at around 25 hours, including the multiple endings and such, but it's split into chapters so you can dip in and out and know that every time you pick it up you will get more story and absolutely no nonsense. We stripped so much out of the game to streamline it.
Matt S: When you say that the game is "narrative-led", what kind of deeper themes are you driving at with this game? The press release drops the word "existential" which, as a fan of Sartre and Camus, always gets my attention, but what do you want people to take away from their time with the game?
George B: I've always been afraid of death. I don't mean to sound edgy, but I think that anyone who claims otherwise is lying to themselves. We all are, it's biologically hard-coded into us. There is a lot of my thoughts and questions in Woodsalt, but we try not to be too heavy-handed with it and let the themes sort of speak for themselves. There's a lot of questions and frustrations I have with our current world that are in the game such as how everything has become two-sided these days. There is no debate or discussion, it's just us VS them. I also love talking about what could possibly exist with currently known physics such as parallel universes and time dilation.
I'm also borderline obsessed with the idea of consciousness and the point where a "thing" becomes a "being". My favourite author is Phillip K Dick and I adore how he holds machines with the same reverence that he holds people. It's a thought that plays on my mind a lot.
Matt S: Tapping into nostalgia is a difficult challenge – on the one hand, you want the game to be faithful to the classics, but on the other, in many ways game development has moved forward for the better and player expectations have shifted in kind. Was it a challenge to balance old and new with Woodsalt?
George B: Honestly I can't tell people if the game is great or not, that's down to the individual and I'm not going to blow smoke up anyone's backside by saying it's "the return of the 90's JRPG!" because it's not. All we did was allow our love for the genre guide us. We didn't try to replicate anything (aside from the chibi art-style, perhaps) and just did our own thing with our own sense of humour and dark twists and turns. You can go into Woodsalt with the knowledge that you're going to see the inspiration, but it's its own thing
I say this often to the point my PR team wants to slap me, but basically, I looked at Persona 4 and said: "let's do this but without the combat and dungeons".
Matt S: Finally, what does success look like for this game – obviously sales are important, but beyond that, when the feedback and player response comes back, what are you hoping for with this game?
George B: Team Woodsalt is made up of some really talented and passionate people. I want to do right by them and provide them with a stable career working on something they believe in. I want to change this industry to get rid of crunch times and treating your staff poorly. I want to create a FULL JRPG and a Souls-esque game. We have about seven stories for the Woodsalt universe all interconnected.
I just want to make people proud and do right by my people, man.
– Matt S.
Find me on Twitter: @mattsainsb
Summer Loop: A My Time With Dee Dee Game by DigitallyDownloaded.net
ddnetadmin
This is the bio under which all legacy DigitallyDownloaded.net articles are published (as in the 12,000-odd, before we moved to the new Website and platform). This is not a member of the DDNet Team. Please see the article's text for byline attribution.
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Birmingham City University Alumni
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Our alumni community stay involved with the University such as through reunion events, and mentoring programmes, by offering placements, and as international ambassadors.
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Lincoln Hamilton
Horology BA (Hons)
Growing up, Lincoln was fascinated by clocks, but she presumed that the Horology trade would no longer exist. After doing some research, she came across the Horology degree course at BCU, and immediately applied. After embracing everything that the course had to offer as well as excelling in her new skills and experience, Lincoln is now working in her chosen industry as a Clock Cataloguer.
"I have always been fascinated by mechanical devices, especially clocks. I knew that a person who made and repaired clocks and watches is called a Horologist, but I assumed this was a trade that no longer existed.
But after doing some research, I discovered that, not only was Horology still an active profession, but that there was a course at Birmingham City University for it, which was the only degree-level Horology course in the world. I applied very shortly after.
My proudest achievement during my time at BCU was the first time I cut the wheel teeth for an escape wheel. To do this, I made a fly cutter, which is a sharpened and hardened plug of silver steel which had been shaped on one end to match the tooth profile of the wheel to be cut, a wheel blank and a mandrel, which is the holder for the wheel blank to make sure it doesn't move while the wheel teeth are being cut.
All these objects then had to be set up in a milling machine, with guidance from a tutor, and the wheel blank was slowly advanced for each tooth. Because it was my first time doing this procedure, I was concerned it would fail completely. When it was finished, and the wheel was useable, I was so proud of what I had done; taking some bits of metal, shaping, and machining them to produce a working clock wheel. Although I cut many wheels, and pinions, as I went through the course, there was something special about making my first wheel.
I graduated in 2020, which meant I had to account for Covid-19 when job searching. Luckily, I had learnt a wide range of skills at BCU, and I was able to adapt and work independently from home during the multiple lockdowns.
I started off as a Workshop Assistant at BCU, and nowadays, I work as a Clock Cataloguer at Bonhams Auction House. I have been very happy with my career so far, and every day I am happy that I pursued Horology as a career.
In my job, there is no 'typical' workday. I might be meeting with clients to examine their clocks, doing research to try to track down a specific clock or the horologist who made it, or I might be examining and writing about a clock that has been entered into the next sale.
Since graduating, my proudest achievement has been the research I did on a clock by the less well-known horologist, Mathieu Planchon. Planchon lived around the turn of the 20th century in Paris and seems to have been one of the first Antiquarian horologists. He had a profound interest in horology before 1500 and would frequently make models of clocks from the 16th and early 17th centuries which contained 'modern' 19th century movements.
He wasn't trying to pass these clocks off as original; he wanted the antique aesthetic with the better time keeping afforded by 'modern' clockwork. He was also the first European horologist to seriously examine and describe the non-standard clocks being made in China and Japan. He also published the first antiquarian horology book which described, in detail, clocks and timepieces made before 1500. He was quite renowned in his day, but a few decades after his death, he was all but forgotten. I was able to find out about him from consulting French and English trade journals, French newspaper articles and correspondences from the time.
This was long, patient work, which eventually unearthed the biography summarised above. I'm proud that I can revive these forgotten horologists through my research, and hopefully keep their memory alive.
In my role now, I have been able to enhance the skills I learnt at BCU. From my time working independently at home, I have been able to adapt and modify the techniques I acquired at the School of Jewellery, to fit my own workshop. I have also expanded my research procedures through my work with Bonhams.
The Horology course was instrumental in helping me get to where I am today. It is not only the contacts and techniques I learnt through the course, but also the vocabulary.
Horology, like any other skilled profession, has a dictionary of terminology that is used. On my course, the vocabulary was introduced gradually, so that it became second nature to correctly use terms such as 'blueing', 'pinion', or 'arbor'. This means that I can competently discuss any aspect of horology with other professionals, which is very beneficial in my career.
I would advise current BCU students to make the most of their time at university; talk to the tutors as they are both extremely knowledgeable and happy to chat. Try out different techniques for doing things, as you have some very rare machines at your disposal in the School of Jewellery, such as the rose engine, that are difficult to try outside the school.
Above all, spend time in the library. The School of Jewellery library has a fantastic Horology section, which includes common books that most professionals know about, to rarer, more specialised works that aren't widely available. So, make full use of it.
To me, I AM BCU means that I am part of a tradition at the School of Jewellery that stretches back to 1890.
From 1890, people have been studying at the School of Jewellery and going on to practice a trade that they can make their own. Whether that trade means they make bespoke work, repair treasured family heirlooms, or advance the understanding of those who have come before them in their trade. I am very proud to be part of that tradition."
Aniyah Butt
Media Production BA (Hons)
Aniyah's love of the television industry led her to studying Media Production at BCU. After taking advantage of everything the…
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Imogen Webb
Sports Therapy - BSc (Hons)
Being a keen Netball player herself, BCU's Sports Therapy course felt like a natural step for Imogen. After embracing the course…
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Broadcast Journalism - PGDip
After getting a postgraduate diploma under his belt, Ben is now a Communications Manager at HS2 – Europe's largest…
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Northland & Bay of Islands ›
Rawene ›
Hokianga - from dunes to forest, with classic food stops along the way
Por The FoodPath NZ
In the winterless north, on the west coast of New Zealand's Northland, there's a collection of classic kiwi food treasures to find, whatever the season....
The FoodPath NZ
handpicked eateries & food producers - downloadable food trail guides -www.thefoodpathnz.com
Seafood fritters from Rawene
The sun is shining….no surprise really, it is the winterless north. And, here in the north, there's a journey south, along the Hokianga Harbour, that takes in dolphin tales, sand dunes, and an especially giant kauri tree. More good news, along the way you'll spot some classic, and highly recommended, kiwi food moments.
But first, that harbour.
A place of history
The Hokianga is rich in both Māori and European significance, sometimes described as the first chapter of the New Zealand story. A clue, its full name - Hokianga-nui-a-Kupe, the final departure place of Kupe (for Hawaiki) - records its connection with the famous Polynesian explorer.
And the harbour was one of the first points of Māori–European contact. The occasional ship called from around 1800, despite a dangerous bar making the harbour entrance risky. It's good to be in that place of history, soaking up the sunshine and the vibes of many years gone by.
Historic Rāwene
Start your tour in historic Rāwene, we're told New Zealand's third-oldest European settlement. Back in the day Rāwene was a timber town, this is kauri country. Today it's a charming settlement and travel spot, with an admirable far-north pace.
Rāwene's the start of a New Zealand cycle trail, the kauri coast cycleway. It's also home to the Hokianga car ferry linking it, across the harbour, to Kohukohu and the northern Hokianga. Stretch your legs for a walk around the village, then stop off at a cafe or perhaps try New Zealand's classic takeaways - Hokianga flounder and mullet - on offer. There's a perfect spot, down by the water, to eat and watch that ferry come and go.
Consider, too, history in Rāwene's name. We've read that, by last request, a dying Māori chief asked to be carried to the top of a ridge to watch the sun go down one last time, saying: "Wene te ra"- the sun is dying. There's plenty of sun on offer this time.
From Rāwene, head out to the harbour entrance and turn inland towards the Waipoua Kauri Forest. And then you won't miss beautiful Opononi and Ōmāpere on your way.
Beauty of Opononi and Ōmāpere
Next stop Opononi, impressive pōhutakawa trees line the shore. There's a wharf to catch fish, or boat across to tremendous sand dunes that dominate the landscape around here. And there's more classic New Zealand takeaways on offer, right by Opo's statue. Delicious.
You can't pass by without learning about Opo the dolphin…Opononi became famous in New Zealand, back in the 1950s, because of Opo - a wild dolphin following fishing boats, swimming in the harbour and playing with swimmers on the beach.
She became a local celebrity, then visitors from around the country came to watch. But near the end of that summer she was found dead in a rock crevice. She was buried with full honours, and you'll find her statue and story here.…
With thoughts of Opo, and the harbour, and the dunes, carry on along the coast road to Ōmāpere.
See those stunning sand dunes which frame the north side of the entrance. Stop off at the wharf for a close-by view, so close it seems you can feel them. And, before heading inland, check out smoked fish offerings and stop in at the lookout point. Another terrific place for a picnic spot, and panoramic views that are truly magnificent. Tasman Sea, dunes and harbour….from where you've just travelled.
A visit to Tāne Mahuta
A final stop on this little tour of the south Hokianga, inland to giant kauri. Find a forest with three-quarters of New Zealand's remaining kauri trees.
There's picnic tables, toilets and a coffee caravan. And, best of all, there's walking access to Tāne Mahuta - the lord (or king, or god….) of the forest - the largest kauri tree in the world (and one of the largest trees in the world). That's 51 metres high, a girth of more than 13 metres, and about 2,000 years old - all only a few minutes walk from the road. Quite the sight, and quite a lot of food for thought. This part of the world sure does make you think. And slow down.
And for more
And for more on The FoodPath NZ's handpicked eateries and artisans, for our collection of spot on New Zealand food moments, including in the Hokianga and more through Northland, download our "New Zealand Food Trail Guides" app for iPhone or Android.
Rawene


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Gaming the Systems
Posted on July 12, 2020 August 11, 2021 AuthorPaul Sweeting
An Interesting and smart move by Sony last week to invest $250 million in Epic Games, publisher of the wildly popular Fortnite online game franchise.
The amount of money is fairly small relative to Epic's overall market cap — good for about a 1.5% stake — but it should help Sony cement its strategic alliance with a company that has emerge as a major force in the games business — a sector in which Sony has a major interest as developer of the Playstation console and platform. The next iteration of the Sony console — Playstation 5 — is expected to be released later this year.
Perhaps as important,however, and likely a factor in Sony's decision to invest, Epic is also emerging as an important and influential force in the music business, and the film and television business — two other sectors in which Sony has substantial interests.
At brightrozee.com you will find the Best Monitor Under $200 for Your Gaming PC.
Using Unreal Engine, filmmakers are able to render cinema-quality virtual sets and landscapes that can be displayed on LED walls on a sound stage, allowing computer-generated graphics to be integrated in-camera with actors filmed on a bare stage. Thanks to Unreal Engine's interactive capability, directors and cinematographers can also experiment with lighting effects, perspectives and other aspects of a shot on-set and in real time. Visit headphonage for reviews of the best gaming headphones available in the market.
Much of the Disney+ hit The Mandalorian is filmed on virtual sets and locations using Unreal Engine. Like the Playstation 5, the next iteration of the Unreal Engine, which Epic says will allow game developers to create true cinema-quality images and graphics, is expected to be released later this year.
The Fortnite online "metaverse," meanwhile, is rapidly evolving into a platform for hosting a range of different types of content, from immersive virtual concerts to interactive movie screenings. In April, Sony Music artist Travis Scott, appearing as an avatar, attracted 12.3 million concurrent viewers for a 15 minute "live" performance within Fortnite.
Epic's emergence as a player in the music and film industries has been accelerated by the exigencies of the Covid pandemic. With brick-and-mortar music venues boarded up, preventing artists from touring, musicians have flocked to online platforms, especially online gaming platforms like Twitch and Fortnite that offer huge worldwide audiences, to maintain contact with their fans and promote their music.
Covid has also shuttered or limited the use of sound stages an all but wiped out location filming, creating an incentive for producers and directors to explore virtual alternatives.
Both phenomena are likely to outlive the Coronavirus, however. Fortnite concerts provide a highly immersive experience that would be difficult to recreate in a live setting. Once monetization strategies around them have matured it's quite possible they will remain a popular complement to touring, allowing artists to create a new kind of experience for their fans and to reach audiences in places their live tours don't reach.
The ability to move "location" shooting into a sound stage promises significant cost savings for filmmakers and financiers, as does the ability to limit the personnel needed on-set to film interiors.
Sony's investment in Epic Games, in other words, helps strengthen its ties to a major player in one core business sector, but also gives it a front row seat to the development of a technology likely to be critical to the future of all of Sony's core entertainment businesses (whether or not it ends up spinning off those businesses).
Moreover, Sony's move comes at a time when a number of its Hollywood competitors are moving away from direct investment in the games business.
Disney moved earlier this year to unload the game development studio it inherited with the Fox acquisition, while WarnerMedia parent AT&T is exploring a spinoff of Warner Interactive, developer of the Mortal Kombat franchise, to help pay down some of the debt it took on to acquire Time Warner's media assets.
NBCUniversal parent Comcast has also backed away from direct investment in games in favor of licensing its properties to third-party developers.
Epic is the developer of the Unreal Engine, a game engine that has also become an important tool for filmmakers, thanks to its highly sophisticated graphics capability, but they still produce great games you can play on your pc, and there are other games you play such as WoW, which is really popular and you can even buy WoW Classic Gold at https://gold4vanilla.com if you want to invest in the game.
All three of those companies, of course, are investing heavily in direct-to-consumer video streaming, and no doubt view games as a less-than-core business. But video games are already a bigger business than the movie and music industries combined, and both the business and technology of gaming appear poised to begin absorbing big chunks of their smaller brethren. For more gaming options and accessories, go to this helpful site.
By abandoning the field, Disney, WarnerMedia and NBCUniversal are leaving Sony with plenty of room to run into.
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Rebel Wilson announces birth of first baby via surrogate
"I am forever grateful to everyone who has been involved, this has been years in the making," Wilson said.
Credit: Scott Garfitt/Invision/AP
Rebel Wilson poses for photographers on arrival at the 'BFI Luminous' fundraising gala held by The British Film Institute, in London, Thursday Sept. 29, 2022. (Photo by Scott Garfitt/Invision/AP)
Author: Val Lick
Published: 12:55 PM EST November 7, 2022
Actress and comedian Rebel Wilson announced the birth of her first child Monday, a baby girl born via a surrogate.
"I can't even describe the love I have for her, she's a beautiful miracle!" Wilson wrote on Instagram. "I am forever grateful to everyone who has been involved, (you know who you are), this has been years in the making…but particularly wanted to thank my gorgeous surrogate who carried her and birthed her with such grace and care."
The baby's name is Royce Lillian.
"I am ready to give little Roycie all the love imaginable," Wilson wrote. "I am learning quickly…much respect to all the Mums out there! Proud to be in your club."
A post shared by Rebel Wilson (@rebelwilson)
She did not share the surrogate's identity but thanked her profusely: "Thank you for helping me start my own family, it's an amazing gift. The BEST gift!!"
OTHER NEWS: Rihanna talks motherhood, Super Bowl: 'It was now or never'
Wilson, 42, is best known for her comedic roles in films like "Bridesmaids" and "Pitch Perfect."
The Australian actress has been open about her health, including issues with fertility: "I got some bad news today ... To all the women out there struggling with fertility, I feel ya," she wrote in a May 2021 Instagram post. "I hope there's light about to shine through all the dark clouds."
Wilson went public in June about her relationship with girlfriend Ramona Agruma, telling fans that she thought she was "searching for a Disney Prince… but maybe what I really needed all this time was a Disney Princess."
OTHER NEWS: Next Oscars host officially announced: 'Great honor or a trap'
Celebrity news outlet Page Six recently reported that the two were engaged, but Wilson denied the rumor. Posting a picture of herself and Agruma to her Instagram story, she said "thanks for the well wishes but we are NOT engaged."
Ohio Board of Education representative responds to alleged group promoting racism, pro-Nazi ideology in homeschooling lessons


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Q: AWS Lambda to RDS PostgreSQL Hello fellow AWS contributors, I'm currently working on a project to set up an example of connecting a Lambda function to our PostgreSQL database hosted on RDS. I tested my Python + SQL code locally (in VS code and DBeaver) and it works perfectly fine with including only basic credentials(host, dbname, username password). However, when I paste the code in Lambda function, it gave me all sorts of errors. I followed this template and modified my code to retrieve the credentials from secret manager instead.
I'm currently using boto3, psycopg2, and secret manager to get credentials and connect to the database.
List of errors I'm getting-

*

*server closed the connection unexpectedly. This probably means the server terminated abnormally before or while processing the request

*could not connect to server: Connection timed out. Is the server running on host "db endpoint" and accepting TCP/IP connections on port 5432?

*FATAL: no pg_hba.conf entry for host "ip:xxx", user "userXXX", database "dbXXX", SSL off

Things I tried -

*

*RDS and Lambda are in the same VPC, same subnet, same security group.

*IP address is included in the inbound rule

*Lambda function is set to run up to 15 min, and it always stops before it even hits 15 min

*I tried both database endpoint and database proxy endpoint, none of it works.

It doesn't really make sense to me that when I run the code locally, I only need to provide the host, dbname, username, and password, that's it, and I'm able to write all the queries and function I want. But when I throw the code in lambda function, it's requiring all these secret manager, VPC security group, SSL, proxy, TCP/IP rules etc. Can someone explain why there is a requirement difference between running it locally and on lambda?
Finally, does anyone know what could be wrong in my setup? I'm happy to provide any information in related to this, any general direction to look into would be really helpful. Thanks!

A: Following the directions at the link below to build a specific psycopg2 package and also verifying the VPC subnets and security groups were configured correctly solved this issue for me.
I built a package for PostgreSQL 10.20 using psycopg2 v2.9.3 for Python 3.7.10 running on an Amazon Linux 2 AMI instance. The only change to the directions I had to make was to put the psycopg2 directory inside a python directory (i.e. "python/psycopg2/") before zipping it -- the import psycopg2 statement in the Lambda function failed until I did that.

*

*https://kalyanv.com/2019/06/10/using-postgresql-with-python-on-aws-lambda.html
This the VPC scenario I'm using. The Lambda function is executing inside the Public Subnet and associated Security Group. Inbound rules for the Private Subnet Security Group only allow TCP connections to 5432 for the Public Subnet Security Group.

*

*https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/USER_VPC.Scenarios.html#USER_VPC.Scenario1

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: sliding window on a python image I want to transform this matlab code to python:
images = [];
foreach image in images:
     features = [];
     windows = extractWindows(image,size=(30,30),stride=(30,30));
     foreach window in windows:
          featureVector = extractFeatures(window);
          features.append(featureVector);
     saveAsCSV('image_name_features.txt',features);

A: def sliding_window(image, stepSize, windowSize):
  for y in range(0, image.shape[0], stepSize):
    for x in range(0, image.shape[1], stepSize):
      yield (x, y, image[y:y + windowSize[1], x:x + windowSize[0]])

def extractFeatures(window):
  # fast? sift? orb? or something?
  return features

images = []
for image in images:
  features = []
  windows = sliding_window(image, 30, (30, 30))
  for window in windows:
    featureVector = extractFeatures(window)
    features.append(featureVector)

  numpy.savetxt('image_name_features.txt', feautres, delimiter=",")


I am a UK-based academic paediatrician in training with research interests in global child health. Before joining LSHTM I completed my medical degree with an intercalation in International Health from the University of Leeds (2004-2010), and completed a part time masters degree in clinical research alongside clinical training from Newcastle University (2012-2015).
I am the convenor of the International Child Health Group, a specialty group of the Royal College of Paediatrics & Child Health. I also sit on the Paediatrics & Child Health Council of the Royal Society of Medicine. I was previously a trustee of the student global health charity Medsin (now Students for Global Health).
My research aims to improve health for young children in low- and middle-income countries and currently focuses on the first thousand days which is a critical period for child growth and development. I am particularly interested in the role of Early Life Stress during this time.
At LSHTM, I teach on the following modules: Basic Epidemiology, Epidemiology in Practice, and Design & Evaluation of Mental Health Programmes. I started and directed a teaching programme for final year medical students "Countdown to Finals" at Newcastle University.
I was awarded a Research Training Fellowship by the Wellcome Trust in March 2015 and my PhD (supervised by Professor Betty Kirkwood) explores the role of Early Life Stress in young children enrolled in the SPRING (Sustainable Programme Incorporating Nutrition and Games) Programme in rural Haryana, India. This programme is being evaluated by a cluster randomised controlled trial and my study adds the collection of over two thousand biological samples as well administration of questionnaires to six hundred families based in 120 villages in the study area. The aim is to explore whether SPRING impacts on these children's stress levels, measured using cortisol - the end product of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
I previously completed the Academic Foundation Programme and was an Academic Clinical Fellow in Newcastle upon Tyne. My previous supervisors include Professor Mark Pearce at Newcastle University, Dr Nancy Gerein at The University of Leeds and Professor Igor Rudan at The University of Edinburgh.
Bhopal, S.S.; Halpin, S.J.; Gerein, N.
Bhopal, S.; Mann, K.; Pearce, M.
Theodoratou, E.; Zhang, J.; Kolcic, I.; Davis, A.M.; Bhopal, S.; Nair, H.; Chan, K.Y.; Liu, L.; Johnson, H.; Rudan, I.
Bhopal, S.; Mann, K.D.; Embleton, N.; Korada, M.; Cheetham, T.D.; Pearce, M.S.
The effect of Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on childhood pneumonia incidence, severe morbidity and mortality.
Bhopal, S.; Chan, J.; Ellis, O.; Graham, S.; Halpin, S.; Lawrence, T.; Laws, J.; Howes, A.-M.


performingborders and Foreign Actions Productions present performingborders | LIVE, an international programme of events and commissions about urgent conversations and extraordinary Live Art practices around borders.
NOW is the London based The Yard Theatre's annual festival celebrating the best new theatre and performance.
A fortnight of events bringing together over 70 artists, activists and theorists to address ecological issues through a feminist, queer and decolonial lens.
The Live Art UK monthly email newsletter profiles key projects, initiatives and artists, and is intended for artists, venues, festivals, promoters, producers, funders, and Higher Education contacts.


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A jezsámen (Philadelphus) a somvirágúak (Cornales) rendjéhez, ezen belül a hortenziafélék (Hydrangeacea)  családjához tartozó, mintegy 70 fajt számláló nemzetség. A fajok hazája Dél-Európa, Ázsia, Észak- és Közép-Amerika.

A 19. század század második felének és a múlt század elejének egyik divatnövénye volt. Ekkoriban Nyugat-Európában intenzíven nemesítették, rengeteg fajtáját hozták létre, amelyek nagy része sokszor ismeretlen származású hibrid. Magyarországon is sok, egymással néha teljesen azonos díszértékkel bíró és igényű jezsámen faj és fajta található meg a kertekben.

Tulajdonságai
Néhány közép-amerikai örökzöld fajtól eltekintve lombhullató, legfeljebb 5 m magasra növő cserjék. Leveleik egyszerűek, átellenes állásúak, szélük fűrészes, fogas vagy ép. Virágaik fürtben, bugában, bogernyőben vagy magánosan állnak. A termés 4 kopáccsal nyíló tok sok apró maggal.
Május-júniusban nyíló virágainak illata a szubtrópusokon élő valódi jázminok (pl. Jasminum grandiflorum) illatára emlékeztető.
A jezsámencserjék bár a félárnyékot is tűrik, fénykedvelőek, napos helyen virágoznak a legszebben. A szokásos kerti talaj nagyon megfelelő számukra. A sűrű növésű, idős bokrokat a fás ágrészek időnkénti ritkításával és a túl hosszúnövésűek visszavágásával alakítják. Legegyszerübben dugványról szaporítható, a hosszú növésűeket tavaszi fás dugványról, a gyengébb növésűeket zölddugványokról nyár elején, üveg alatt. Az első télen a dugványokat takarással kell védeni.

Ismertebb fajok
 Közönséges jezsámen vagy illatos jezsámen (Philadelphus coronarius)
2-3 méter magas cserje, erősen illatos fehér virágokkal. Másodéves vesszőinek kérge sötétbarna, kissé hámló. Hazája Olaszországtól Kaukázusig terjed. Hazánkban az egyik legrégebben és leggyakrabban ültetett faj, közepes szárazságtűréssel. Virágai kb. 3 cm átmérőjűek, fehérek, nagyon illatosak, kevés virágú fürtökben nyílnak, kb. június elején.

 Molyhoslevelű jezsámen (Philadelphus pubescens)
Erőteljes növekedésű, 3–5 m magas cserje. Leveleinek fonáka sűrűn szürke-szőrös, a másodéves vesszők kérge világos színű, nem hámlik. Tejfehér virágai nem illatosak és a közönséges jezsámennél 1-2 héttel később, június végén-július elején nyílnak. Az USA délkeleti részéről származó, szárazságtűrő faj.
 Kislevelű jezsámen (Philadelphus  microphyllus)
Gyenge növekedésű, 1 m-nél ritkán magasabb cserje. Vékony vesszővel és apró levelekkel rendelkezik. Virágai jellegzetes, kellemes szamócaillatúak. Hazája az USA délnyugati része. Az alapfajt kertekbe ritkán ültetik, az alacsony termetű fajták előállítására azonban gyakran felhasználták a keresztezésekhez.

Hibridek
 Kerti jezsámen (Philadelphus x lemoneii)
A faj neve és előállítása a híres francia kertészdinasztia a Lemoine család nevéhez fűződik. Az ide tartozó hibrid fajtákat a Philadelphus coronarius és a Philadelphus microphyllus keresztezésével állították elő.
Közös tulajdonságuk, hogy középmagasak (1-1,5 m), vékony, sötétbarna vesszőkkel, leveleik viszonylag kicsik, de az előző fajhoz képest valamennyire nagyobbak. Az előzőeknél igényesebb faj, de gazdagon virágzik. Alacsony cserjefoltok, vagy nyíratlan jelzősövények kialakítására kiválóak.

 Sokvirágú jezsámen (Philadelphus x polyanthus)
Az előző fajhoz igen hasonló igényű és megjelenésű, de még kisebb levelű és termetű (1 m körüli) hibridcsoport.

 Teltvirágú jezsámen (Philadelphus x virginalis).
A legszebb teltvirágú hibrid faj.Többszörös keresztezés eredményeképpen létrejött fajtacsoport, mely fajtáinak közös tulajdonsága a telt, illatos virág. Termetében, levélszabásban és ökológiai igényekben eltérnek egymástól. Az alacsony (1-1,5 m magas) fajták a Philadelphus lemonei-hez, az erős növekedésűek (2-2,5 m) a Philadelphus pubescenshez ill. Philadelphus coronariushoz állnak közel. Felfelé törő növekedésű 1–2 m magas cserje.Levelei  tojásdad alakúak, rövid csúcsúak, lekerekedő vállúak, szélük ritkásan fogas.Virágai félig teltek, vagy teltek. A Philadelphus x virginalis 'Schneesturm fajta virágai rendszerint 3-7 virágú fürtökben nyílnak, júniusban, amikor szinte beborítják a bokrot.

 Pettyes jezsámen''' (Philadelphus x purpureomaculatus)Ugyancsak többszörös keresztezéssel létrejött fajtacsoport, amelyek képviselőinek közös tulajdonsága a "szemes" virág, a fehér szirmok belső részén található pirosas-bíbor folttal.
Bár egyes nagyvirágú fajtái rendkívül szépek, igényessége miatt nálunk nem nagyon terjedt el, elsősorban hobbikeretbe való.

A jezsámenek fás dugvánnyal vagy nyár eleji zölddugványozással szaporíthatók.

Teljes fajlista

 Philadelphus affinis Schltdl.
 Philadelphus argenteus Rydb.
 Philadelphus argyrocalyx Wooton
 Philadelphus asperifolius Körn.
 Philadelphus austromexicanus S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus bifidus (C.L. Hitchc.) S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus brachybotrys (Koehne) Koehne
 Philadelphus calcicolus S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus californicus Benth.
 Philadelphus calvescens (Rehder) S.M. Hwang
 Philadelphus caudatus S.M. Hwang
 Philadelphus coronarius L. - illatos jezsámen
 Philadelphus coulteri S. Watson
 Philadelphus crinitus (C.L. Hitchc.) S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus dasycalyx (Rehder) S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus delavayi L.Henry
 Philadelphus ernestii S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus floridus Beadle
 Philadelphus gattingeri S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus glabripetalus S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus gloriosus Beadle
 Philadelphus gordonianus Lindl.
 Philadelphus grandiflorus Willd.
 Philadelphus henryi Koehne
 Philadelphus hirsutus Nutt.
 Philadelphus hitchcockianus S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus incanus Koehne
 Philadelphus inodorus L.
 Philadelphus intectus Beadle
 Philadelphus kansuensis (Rehder) S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus karwinskyanus Koehne
 Philadelphus kunmingensis S.M. Hwang
 Philadelphus laxiflorus Rehder
 Philadelphus lewisii Pursh
 Philadelphus lushuiensis T.C. Ku & S.M. Hwang
 Philadelphus maculatus (C.L. Hitchc.) S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus madrensis Hemsl.
 Philadelphus matudae Lundell
 Philadelphus mearnsii W.H. Evans ex Rydb.
 Philadelphus mexicanus Schltdl.
 Philadelphus microphyllus A. Gray - kislevelű jezsámen
 Philadelphus myrtoides Bertol.
 Philadelphus oblongifolius S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus occidentalis A. Nelson
 Philadelphus osmanthus S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus palmeri Rydb.
 Philadelphus pekinensis Rupr.
 Philadelphus pringlei S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus pubescens Loisel. - molyhoslevelű jezsámen
 Philadelphus pueblanus S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus purpurascens (Koehne) Rehder
 Philadelphus purpusii Brandegee
 Philadelphus reevesianus S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus sargentianus S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus satsumi Siebold ex Lindl. & J. Paxton
 Philadelphus schrenkii Rupr.
 Philadelphus sericanthus Koehne
 Philadelphus serpyllifolius A. Gray
 Philadelphus subcanus Koehne
 Philadelphus tenuifolius Rupr.
 Philadelphus tetragonus S.M. Hwang
 Philadelphus texensis S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus tomentosus Wall. ex G. Don
 Philadelphus tsianschanensis Wang et Li
 Philadelphus wootonii S.Y. Hu
 Philadelphus zhejiangensis S.M. Hwang
 Philadelphus x virginalis Schneesturm

Jegyzetek

Források
 Kertészeti Dendrológia (Szerk: Dr. Schmidt Gábor) KEÉ Házinyomdája, 1991. Kerteszeti-dendrologia (2006)

Lásd még
 Jázmin, amely Olajfaféle

Növénynemzetségek
Hortenziafélék
Dísznövények
Kerti virágok

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Sentiment: 'Now and for always, I carry you in my heart'; measures 6.5" high. A Willow Tree (R) sculpture by Susan Lordi.
Susan Lordi states,"I wanted this pose to evoke a feeling of being completely in the present with your child—the weight, the scent, the feel... sharing with each other the silent vow that you will be there for always.
Click the button below to add the For Always to your wish list.


This Sigil is focused on the watching/reading and discussion of Anime and Manga.
Tuesdays @ Texas A&M University – Commerce.
Part 1 (Discussion and Events): Members can keep each other up to date on recent events. Any planned activities will be done during the first half of the meeting.
Part 2 (Anime Watching): Members will watch anime that is chosen for that day.


text:
Opening Hours & Admission Fees
Guided Tours, Group Info & Booking
Wanås Art Club
Eat & Stay
Experience Wanås' Slide show
About Wanås Konst
Art Projects 2019
The Children's Book Project
Knitting Activism
Memory of Scent
Wanås 30 years
ABOUT WANÅS KONST LEARNING
TO WANÅS KONST LEARNING
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Environmental work
Choreographic objects
Art » Art projects 2018 » Xavier Le Roy & Scarlet Yu
Xavier Le Roy & Scarlet Yu – Still Untitled
Opening Friday July 20, 2018
Exhibition period Workshops daily, July 20–Aug 5, 2018
Curator Rachel Tess
Can I show you my sculpture?
In July and August, Xavier Le Roy and Scarlet Yu explores the question in a workshop with Wanås' visitors and shares it through encounters in the Park. Still Untitled takes the form of sculptures embodied and presented by human beings to human beings. Xavier Le Roy, Scarlet Yu, and the Still Untitled team at Wanås Konst invite visitors to engage in one-day workshops that examine the relationship between live art and sculpture in relation to time and public space. Le Roy is one of the foremost names in choreography. Le Roy and Yu have collaborated together for the Venice Biennale and most recently Skulptur Projekte Münster 2017, among other places. Since 2016, Wanås Konst has been working with a long-term investment in Live Art. The program is developed with affiliate curator Rachel Tess.
Still Untitled
Participate in a one-day workshop at Wanås this summer!
When Wednesday–Sunday, July 20–August 5, 2018.
Time 10 am–2.30 pm, with an optional feedback session 4 pm–5 pm.
Registration Send an e-mail to stilluntitled@wanaskonst.se and notify which date you would like to participate, or inquire at the Art Gallery.
Price Still Untitled workshops are open to anyone and participation is included in the entry fee to the sculpture park, and all participants will be given a two-day pass to be used at anytime in 2018.
Developed by Xavier Le Roy with Scarlet Yu in collaboration with the Still Untitled team: Alexandre Achour, Susanne Griem, Zeina Hanna, Alexander Rütten and Rachel Tess.
About Through guidance and dialogue, the participants in the workshop develop sculptures embodied and presented by human beings to human beings. The sculptures can be shared with anyone, anywhere, at any time – within and beyond the exhibition. Still Untitled was developed for Skulptur Projekte Münster in 2017. In July and August, Le Roy, Yu and the Still Untitled team continues the project at Wanås Konst where they invite the visitors to engage in a one-day workshop.
WORKSHOP SCHEDULE – FIND A DATE THAT SUITS YOU!
Still Untitled is given Wednesday–Sundag, July 20–August 5, 2018.
10.00–12.00 Embody Your Sculpture
Through dialogue and movement guided by the Still Untitled team you will embody your own sculpture to be shared with anyone, anywhere, at any time.
12.00–13.00 Break
Time to eat lunch.
13.00–14.30 Make It Public (participation in Embody… required)
Using the material developed during the first workshop we discuss how to make it public and share your embodied sculptures at Wanås Konst.
(Optional) 16.00–17.00 Feedback (open to participants and the public)
To exchange experiences and curiosity and discuss how Still Untitled develops through its presence at Wanås Konst.
Time stops. Time stands still. Time is interrupted, ruptured, and cracked. Time is given, taken, and stolen. Time is on our side. Time is moving slowly. Time goes by so fast. If we only had the time… How was your time today?
Time is something to consider at Wanås Konst. How long did it take you to get here? What is the time that it would take you to get to a sculpture? How long would you spend with it? How would it change your perception of time passing? And in what ways do we spend time with each other here in this place? We have preconceived notions of time's capacity to act upon us, be caught or controlled, given, or shared. In what ways can live art bend our perception of time? In what way does live art challenge the notion of time in a visual arts institution? The work Still Untitled by Xavier Le Roy with Scarlet Yu investigates the incompatibility between the conventions of live art and sculpture to produce a work where different times can coexist.
In 2016, Wanås Konst began actively making performance and dance a part of the program. Not just a one-time event, but a long-term investment in live art, art that must be experienced in the moment and requires your presence then and there. Through Still Untitled we continue to challenge the notion of live art in the visual arts context with the consistent and persistent presence of the Still Untitled team. Rather than programming a series of one-off performances we allow the work of Le Roy and Yu to unfold, shift, and be shifted by the participation of Wanås' visitors in and around the park. We extend the lifespan of the work indefinitely, as each visitor walks away from the sculpture park with his or her own embodied sculpture, to be potentially present anywhere, anytime, for anyone.
– Rachel Tess
Still Untitled is made possible with the support of Swedish Arts Council, Skåne Regional Council, MARC, Goethe-Institut Schweden, L'Institut français de Suède and ABF Skåne Nordost.
I'm interested in this moment, when you get the sense that you have made time rather than spent it or made it productive. It's not given. It's something else than consuming time or being consumed by it.
– Xavier Le Roy
Xavier Le Roy & Scarlet Yu. Photo Emma Pike.
Xavier Le Roy & Scarlet Yu have worked together since 2014 for projects including Retrospective in Singapore (2014), Temporary Title first commissioned as the 31st Kaldor Public Art Project, Sydney and Still Untitled for Skulptur Projekte Münster 2017.
Xavier Le Roy (born 1963, lives in Berlin) is one of the foremost names in chorography. He holds a doctorate in molecular biology, and has been working as a choreographer since 1991. Since 2018 he is Professor of Applied Theatre Studies at the University of Giessen (Germany). He explores various modes of production and reception of movements to question divisions that structure our world: nature/human, actor/spectators, object/subject, etc.
Scarlet Yu (born 1978, lives in Berlin) worked as rehearsal director and performer at the Arts Fission Company in Singapore from 2000 until 2012, and obtained an MFA in Dance from the Hong Kong Academy of Performing Arts in 2015. Using autobiographical material, her works create choreographed one-on-one situations about memory and body.
SUMMER OPENING HOURS
May–Sep, daily, 10 am–5 pm
Closed on Midsummer Eve, June 21.
The Park is open daily, all year round, 10 am–5 pm
See our complete opening hours and entrance fees
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Wanås Konst, Mail: Box 67, SE-289 21 Knislinge, Sweden. Visit: Hässleholmsvägen, Vanås, 289 90 Knislinge
Tel: +46(0)44–253 15 68 (Art Gallery) or +46(0)44–660 71 (Office). E-mail: info@wanaskonst.se www.wanaskonst.se