text:
Contests • Sony
Sony "Alpha Female" Creator-in-Residence Program Will Award Five Women Professional Photographers and Filmmakers a Six-month Grant to Advance Their Careers, for Residents of the U.S. or Canada: Sign In to Apply & Submit the Required Info Online Before 11:59:59 PM PT on 10/07/18
The following video presents Inside Alpha | Discover The Sony Alpha Female Program:
"A new Sony initiative and creator-in-residence program aims to level the playing field for women in creative fields. At the heart of the program are $25,000 grants and mentoring from Sony Artisans Of Imagery Sara France, Caroline Jensen, MeRa Koh, Cristina Mittermeier and Brooke Shaden."
Sony invites women professional photographers and videographers to apply for the "Alpha Female" Creator-in-Residence program.
The five women who will be selected will benefit as follows:
The Creator-in-Residence program is a complement to your career pursuits, and our goal is to help you grow your career, not to replace it with a specific project or a different pursuit. There will be a variety of activities during the program, including industry events and networking events that you will be invited to attend.
The Alpha Female Creator-in-Residence program will include all these things: The 5 women who will be selected will benefit from Sony's network, mentorship from trail-blazing women photographers, and a meaningful amount of money to take their careers to the next level.
Sony "Alpha Female" Creator-in-Residence Program: Image grab from video above
Open to legal residents of 50 US/DC and CAN who are at least 21 years old.
Void in Puerto Rico, Quebec & where prohibited.
Contest starts at 8:00:00 AM PT on 09/14/18 & ends at 11:59:59 PM PT on 10/07/18.
Applicants can be users of any camera brand. If a winner doesn't currently shoot on Sony gear, Sony will provide her with new state-of-the-art gear upon acceptance.
Sony welcomes any and all specialties. The goal is to select the five best candidates from the applicant pool who can most benefit from the program.
Five Prizes: each prize package includes participation in the Alpha Female Creator in Residence Program (6 months); Mentorship with Sony and its designees; $25,000 to use for the winner's Program participation, payable in $4,166.66 check per month over the six (6) month timeframe of the Program.
Winner must fully participate in the Program during the entire Program or the prize will be deemed forfeited and any remaining prize not yet received will be forfeited.
Sony Electronics Inc. products valued at $5,000 (estimated retail value).
Two Exhibits (with travel) to show work created by the winner using the Sony Products; value is approximately: $55,800 USD as of 09/14/18.
Odds of winning depends on the total number of eligible entries received.
Subject to the complete Contest Official Rules. Sponsor: Sony Electronics Inc., San Diego, CA USA.
NO PURCHASE OR PAYMENT NECESSARY TO ENTER OR WIN.
LIMIT: 1 entry per person.
STEP 1: Log in or sign up to Alpha Universe at https://alphauniverse.com/alpha-female/ .
STEP 2: Enter the Contest via the "Enter Now" button
STEP 3: Entrant must be a female and submit the following information on the Contest Site where indicated:
Your current resume
Up to one-minute video introduction of yourself
Up to five (5) photos and/or video examples of what "Be Alpha" means to you
A short written essay describing your biggest career challenge and how this program will help you overcome it
A written pitch of how you would leverage the program to achieve your career aspirations and what the outcome would be
A high-level budget plan (what you'd be spending the money on)
Contest entrants' submissions will be judged by a panel consisting of Sony and members of the photography and filmmaking industries.
The panel of judges will score the submissions of the eligible entrants based on the criteria in the Official Contest Rules, which includes biography quality of composition, overall appeal, relevance, and photo/video technical, composition, creativity, and relevance.
You can shoot your application video in any way you prefer, including with your computer's camera, or with your phone. Sony's goal for the video is to get a better sense of who you are and to have a visual introduction to your persona.
The ideal candidate meets the following foundational criteria:
1. She is a full-time professional photographer or videographer/filmmaker.
2. She is committed to the pursuit of this career and understands the hard work required to achieve success.
3. She has made progress on her own, and has a clear vision for what her career should be, but has encountered specific roadblocks that this program would help her overcome.
4. She is committed to being successful and taking full advantage of the Creator-in-Residence program to advance her career.
5. She is ready to work with a Mentor and is open to learning and building her skill set.
6. She has the ability to travel at least three times during the program to participate in program activities.
Choosing the winners will be a multi-phased approach. In phase one, we will narrow down the pool of candidates based on their ability to meet application requirements. If the application is missing any of the required pieces, the candidate will be disqualified. In phase two, a team of Sony stakeholders will review the qualified candidates and will rate them based on the quality of their application. In phase three, the Sony head of the program and the five mentors will review the final 15 candidates, and will make the final selection. In the event that additional assistance is necessary before reaching a decision, candidates may be invited to participate in a Skype-based interview.
Please send your questions to AlphaUniverse@sony.com. Please note that you will only receive a reply if your question is deemed critical to your understanding of the process. We will not be able to provide advice, pointers, or any information that would allow you an unfair advantage over the rest of the applicants. Please do not email us just to introduce yourself or let us know you applied, as those emails will not be taken into account during the decision process.
For other important info and the complete official rules, please visit https://alphauniverse.com/alpha-female/ .
Good Luck! / Bonne chance!
Sony's "Alpha Female" Program Launches
Initiative aims to Amplify the Voice of Female Creators to Drive Best Outcomes for the Imaging Industry and Consumers of Creative Content
10:00 ET
SAN DIEGO, Sept. 14, 2018 /PRNewswire/ — Sony Electronics, Inc. – a global leader in digital imaging and the world's largest image sensor manufacturer – has today released details regarding their new "Alpha Female" program, the company's thoughtful response to the imaging industry's well-known challenges with diversity.
"Sony has been a leader in the industry as it relates to driving diversity and inclusion in our workforce," said Jennifer Geddy, head of digital marketing at Sony Electronics. "We are bringing that same energy to customers via programs such as "Alpha Female." We acknowledge that more work can always be done when it comes to elevating diversity in thought and creation. We win and consumers win when all voices have equal weight."
A critical component of their newly launched "Be Alpha" campaign, the "Alpha Female" initiative will focus on providing opportunities for creators in the imaging industry to advance their careers, while also generating extensive chances for women professional photographers and videographers of all experience levels to meet, connect and collaborate.
"Alpha Female" will feature a Creator-in-Residence program that will award five women photographers and filmmakers a six-month grant to fund projects and activities to help take their careers to the next level. The grant will include $25,000 in funds, $5,000 in product allowance, an additional $5,000 in product loans and a mentorship pairing with one of Sony's high-profile Artisans of Imagery. These five grantees will also have their work presented at headline exhibits in both the New York and Los Angeles markets.
In addition to the grant program, Sony will support several female-backed and focused events that aim to push progress for diversity in photography and filmmaking. The company will also fund several projects by female members of their Artisans of Imagery and Alpha Imaging Collective organizations, showcasing the amazing talent and creativity of their brand.
Neal Manowitz, vice president of Imaging Products and Solutions at Sony Electronics, added "Diversity and inclusion are core principles of our company, and we would not be where we are today without this focus. "Alpha Female" gives us the chance to open some very important doors for female creators, while also highlighting the impressive work of our existing roster of ambassadors. It's a program that we are very proud to stand behind."
The "Alpha Female" Creator-in-Residence program will open applications today, and the program's first-ever class will be announced at the beginning of October. For more information visit www.alphauniverse.com/alphafemale.
A variety of additional content related to Sony's "Be Alpha" campaign, including articles, videos and events, can be found at www.alphauniverse.com/BeAlpha.
SOURCE Sony Electronics Inc.
https://alphauniverse.com
The following video presents Sony | BE ALPHA:
"To Be Alpha is to be…"
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text:
Home / iPhone / News
iPhone 13 'will cost the same as iPhone 12'
Price remains roughly the same despite more powerful processor, improved cameras and larger battery, TrendForce reckons.
By Macworld staff
Macworld AUG 13, 2021 8:29 am PDT
Good news for those who planned to upgrade to the iPhone 13 next month: it won't break the bank (any more than the iPhone 12 did).
TrendForce has compiled a list, based on its "latest investigations", of what's new in this autumn's iPhone models. And while there aren't any new rumours about features or design, it may be of some interest that the analyst firm expects prices to be similar to those of the iPhone 12, despite the addition of new features such as a more powerful processor, improved cameras and a larger battery. TrendForce doesn't feel these constitute "significant hardware upgrades".
"As for retail prices," the company writes, "the iPhone 13 series is expected to remain similar to the iPhone 12 series assuming Apple is able to effectively control manufacturing costs, since the latest models do not come with significant hardware upgrades. As a result of this aggressive pricing scheme, iPhone shipment will likely maintain its growth trajectory for two consecutive years."
Just as a reminder, here are the starting prices of the current models:
iPhone 12 mini: £699/$699
iPhone 12: £799/$799
iPhone 12 Pro: £999/$999
iPhone 12 Pro Max: £1,099/$1,099
A certain degree of variation is possible: aside from manufacturing costs, which TrendForce mentions as a potential issue, there could be fluctuation in the currency markets. But it looks like that's pretty much what we can expect to pay for the new handsets.
According to TrendForce, the new iPhone models will go on sale in September, which is in line with previous rumours. We currently expect the devices to be unveiled on 14 September, and to appear in shops between one and two weeks after that.
If you want to read more rumours about the upcoming iPhone models, head over to our regularly updated iPhone 13 news hub (although do bear in mind that the new handset could yet be called the iPhone 12s). If you'd like to pick up a bargain on the current range, browse the latest offers and lowest prices in our guide to the best iPhone deals.
Update, a Nikkei report indicates that Apple supplier TMSC is raising chip prices and this may affect the price of the iPhone 14. Read: Price hike coming for new iPhones, iPads and MacBooks.
This article originally appeared on Macworld Sweden. Translation (using DeepL) and additional reporting by David Price.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Operations & Investor Relations | MVC Capital, Inc.
The members of our Operations and Investor Relations teams have diverse business backgrounds and collectively possess extensive experience in providing proactive administrative and operational assistance where needed.
Ms. Kausch joined TTGA in September 2005. During her tenure with TTGA her role has expanded to include the management of healthcare benefits, information technology, vendor management as well as supporting portfolio company initiatives, including her role as CEO of Harmony Health & Beauty.
Ms. O'Brien joined TTGA in September of 2008 as Executive Assistant in Chicago. Ms. O'Brien was previously an Assistant Vice President at Diners Club International, an Office Manager at a boutique executive search firm in Chicago, and a Personal Assistant for the Clara Williams Company.
Ms. Rothchild currently serves as Vice President and Secretary of the Adviser, in addition to her service as Vice President and Secretary of the Fund. Prior to joining the Fund in June 2002, she was an Associate and Business Manager with Draper Fisher Jurvetson meVC Management Co.


London Games Festival 2018 is set for April. Over the course of this year's event, "over 50,000 people attended 40 different events across 20 different venues". Next year, the organizers are planning a new event and a lot of fresh activities.
That video up there is an hour and 40 minutes long recording of the London Games Festival eSports Summit. Go make some popcorn.
The actual article starts right here: Thanks to the high turnout during this year's London Games Festival, next year's event will run from 05 April to 15 April. We'll go over the highlights planned for 2018 in a bit.
The London Games Festival is organised by Games London. It is a three-year initiative from Film London and video games trade body Ukie. The Mayor of London also backs the project with funding worth £1.2m from the London Enterprise Action Panel, and "seeks to make London the games capital of the world".
Over the course of the 2017 event, "over 50,000 people attended 40 different events across 20 different venues". It's safe to say that the Festival is already established as a platform for global business in games with the Games Finance Market delivering nearly £20m potential business in April.
It all started back in January 2016 and since then, Games London has connected 145 games businesses in the UK with 109 global investors, driving over £30m potential business back into local companies.
The press release says the 2018 festival will go "even further with a wider programme of outdoor events and an even bigger offering for the games developer community".
LGF organisers are also planning a new HUB event (Monday, 9 April and Tuesday, 10 April). HUB will be a two-day B2B event housing the Festival's summits, a demo zone for prototypes and start-ups, a pop-up co-working space and a gallery. More details will follow in September.
Also to be announced at a later date is a fresh range of activities that bring games to life on the city streets covering esports and street art, plus an exhibition of BAME artists in games and the return of the Games Character Parade. Go here for more details.


At Northern Greens Resort, we can create seasonal packages for relaxation and recreation alike. Come take advantage of all Nipawin and its surrounding area offer all year-round. Our staff is ready to help make your stay in Nipawin an enjoyable and memorable experience.
Any recreational package can be customized and can include any of the artisan workshops and spa amenities as well. International travellers can customize weekly packages with VIP service from Saskatoon International Airport.
Northern Greens Resort is situated on the edge of Nipawin adjacent to the Evergreen Golf Course and close to a continuous chain of lakes, rivers, woodlands and farmlands for your enjoyment.
The Nipawin region offers some of the most exciting winter activities to make for an adventuresome vacation or quick getaway.
The Trans Canada Snowmobile Trail is just out the door of the Northern Greens Resort. Take a unique snowmobile tour on or off trail. The Evergreen Golf Course becomes an oasis of snow-covered pine and spruce, making a beautiful backdrop for groomed cross country skiing or snowshoeing. There are several local trails by the riverside for all skill levels, too. For boarders and alpine skiers, there's Wapiti Ski Valley within 30 minutes. The Evergreen Centre hosts six sheets of artificial ice in a world-class curling arena with a spectacular viewing area. Ice fishing enthusiasts can partake in some of the best ice fishing in Canada right on Tobin Lake.
"Wonderful place to stay. Cozy & Warm Room. Pleasant Reception. Good Breakfast. Strongly recommend especially in winter."
The forest surrounding Nipawin is a brilliant green in the summer and the expansive blue of the sky reflects perfectly in the surrounding lakes and rivers. The Northern Lights are spectacular at various evenings throughout the year. Our guests often casually discuss the opportunity to view from their balconies or step out our front door.
Summer in Saskatchewan brings out some of our favorite recreational packages where you can experience the beauty of the wildlife and the natural surroundings. We specialize in coordinating group retreats that include activities year-round. Corporate groups love to get away from the cities to where it is quiet. Come experience Nipawin and Northern Greens Resort and Conference Centre for your next group gathering. Contact us to arrange any activities for yourself, your family or your corporate event.


Why are mainline consumer groups AWOL on Google-DoubleClick privacy issues?
I continue to be surprised and saddened that the mainline consumer groups, Consumers Union and Consumer Federation of America remain completely AWOL on arguably one of the most important privacy issues threatening consumers --the pending Google-DoubleClick merger.
I can't seem to square the following facts.
These mainline consumer organizations have long and proud history of actively working the antitrust and merger review process for merger conditions to protect consumers interests.
"Google's proposed acquisition of DoubleClick will give one company access to more information about the Internet activities of consumers than any other company in the world. Moreover, Google will operate with virtually no legal obligation to ensure the privacy, security, and accuracy of the personal data that it collects. At this time, there is simply no consumer privacy issue more pressing for the Commission to consider than Google's plan to combine the search histories and web site visit records of Internet users."
"In the age of the Internet, it is not always easy to be left alone or to keep your business private. What's at stake in the online world is ensuring that the information you want to keep private is kept that way."
"Tell your lawmaker that strong (privacy) protections matter to you!" parentheses added.
"Consumers' personal information has become a billion dollar business, with data brokers like Choicepoint and others collecting and selling consumers' personal information to marketers. A rash of breaches of security at major corporations, including Choicepoint, Mastercard and dozens of others over the last year has affected hundreds of millions of Americans and put them at risk of identity theft. "If this proposed rule is adopted, you can bet data brokers like Choicepoint will be among the first in line to purchase consumers' tax returns," said McConnell. "And identity thieves will see this information as one-stop shopping to make it easier for them to commit fraud.""
...are nowhere to be found on the issue of privacy on the Google-DoubleClick merger review... what's going on?
Could it be that Google is the lead supporter, benefactor, and political ally on net neutrality and that that political alliance is more important than consumers privacy?
Would the mainline consumer groups' consumer constituencies agree with this political tradeoff -- the near certainty of much less personal privacy today for the possibility of net neutrality legislation in the future?
What would the reported 93% of consumers that have never heard of the phrase "net neutrality" think of this political tradeoff?
Bottomline: I am surprised that the mainline consumer groups are not standing up for what they say they believe in because of an apparent alliance of convenience with Google on a separate issue.
What other consumer issues are not being pushed by these organizations because it would displease Big corporate allies and potential benefactors?


text:
\section{Introduction}

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
In two recent papers \cite{super,super1}, it has been shown that quantization,
in both the Hamiltonian operator language and a phase space path integral,
has an equivalent superfield formulation.  The superspace consists of
ordinary time $t$ and a new Grassmann-odd direction $\theta$.  All original
phase space coordinates $z^A_0(t)$ are just the zero-components of
super phase-space coordinates
\begin{equation}
z^A(t,\theta) ~=~ z^A_0(t) + \theta z^A_1(t) ~.
\label{z}
\end{equation}
It follows that $z^A(t,\theta)$ has the same statistics as $z^A_0(t)$,
denoted by $\p{z^A}$.  The superspace derivative
\begin{equation}
D ~\equiv~ \frac{d}{d\theta} + \theta \frac{d}{dt} ~,
\label{D}
\end{equation}
replaces the ordinary time derivative.  It satisfies
\begin{equation}
D^2 ~=~ \frac{d}{dt} ~,
\end{equation}
and one can indeed show that the usual Heisenberg equations of motion on the
original phase space variables are obtained by applying $D$ twice on the
extended variables.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
We shall here consider another extension of the usual time derivative,
\begin{equation}
{\mathcal{D}} ~\equiv~ \theta\frac{d}{dt} ~,
\end{equation}
which obviously satisfies ${\mathcal{D}}^2=0$.  This derivative will turn out
to play a central role in understanding BV-quantization \cite{BV} in
phase space \cite{FH}.
We note that ${\mathcal{D}}$ can be assigned a definite ghost number
according to the ghost number we assign to $\theta$, and we choose
gh($\theta) = 1$.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
We now make some general observations concerning a relation between
the even Poisson bracket on the original phase-space manifold and an
associated (Grassmann-odd) antibracket on the super path space that
can be induced by it~\cite{super,[AKSZ]}:\footnote{See section
\ref{sec:geometry} for details.}
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{rcl}
\label{eq:AB}
\ab{z^A_0(t)}{z^B_0(t^\prime)} &=& 0 \cr
\ab{z^A_0(t)}{z^B_1(t^\prime)} &=& \omega^{AB}(z_0) \delta(t-t^\prime) \cr
\ab{z^A_1(t)}{z^B_1(t^\prime)} &=&
z^C_1\partial_C
 \omega^{AB}(z_0) \delta(t-t^\prime)\,.
\end{array}
\end{equation}
where $\omega^{AB}(z)=\pb{z^A}{z^B}$.  This antibracket obviously
carries one unit of Grassmann parity and one unit of ghost number.  Another
important property of~\eqref{eq:AB} is the following: let $f(z)$ be a
function on phase space and let the functional $F$ be defined by
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:association1}
F[z] ~=~ \int\! dt d\theta ~f(z(t,\theta)) ~,
\end{equation}
so that the Grassmann parity of $F$ is opposite that of $f$.
Then for any functions $f,g$ on the phase space we have
\begin{equation}
(F,G) ~\equiv~ \int\! dt d\theta~ \{f,g\} ~.\label{eq:ABmain}
\end{equation}
where $F,G$ are the corresponding functionals
obtained by~\eqref{eq:association1}.  In particular, if a
Grassmann-odd function $f$ satisfies the ``Hamiltonian
Master Equation'' $\{f,f\}=0$ then the corresponding Grassmann-even
functional $F=\int dtd\theta\, f$ satisfies the BV Master Equation
with respect to the antibracket:
\begin{equation}
  (F,F)=0\,.
\end{equation}
This has an obvious generalization, because even if $f=f(z,t,\theta)$
is a function on the original phase space that also explicitly depends
on time $t$ and its super-partner $\theta$, and $f$ still satisfies the
Hamiltonian Master Equation $\{f,f\}=0$ for any $t$ and $\theta$, then
the corresponding functional $F=\int dt d\theta f(z(t,\theta),t,\theta)$
also satisfies the Master Equation with respect to the antibracket
(\ref{eq:ABmain}).

\section{Superfield Realization of the Phase Space Antifield Formalism}

\vspace{12pt}\noindent

Let us now consider a system with first class constraints.
We thus have a Grassmann-odd BRST generator
$\Omega = \Omega(z)$ and an
Hamiltonian $H = H(z)$, which are taken to satisfy
\begin{equation}
\{\Omega,\Omega\} ~ = ~  0
 \qquad {\mbox{\rm and}} \qquad \{H,\Omega\} ~ = ~ 0\,.
\label{homegapb}
\end{equation}
They combine nicely into one Grassmann-odd object $Q$ \cite{super}
\begin{equation}
Q(z,\theta) ~ \equiv ~ \Omega(z) +
\theta H(z) ~,
\end{equation}
which is nilpotent due to eq. (\ref{homegapb}):
\begin{equation}
\label{qpb}
\{Q,Q\} ~=~  0 \,.
\end{equation}

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
Let us in addition consider the following action functional:
\begin{equation}
\label{S}
S[z] ~=~ \int \!dtd\theta ~[V_A(z(t,\theta)){\mathcal{D}}
z^A(t,\theta) - Q]\,,
\end{equation}
where the symplectic potential $V_A$ is related to the symplectic
metric $\omega_{AB}$ ($\omega_{AC}\omega^{CB}=\delta_A^B$) via
\begin{equation}
\label{rot}
\omega_{AB} ~=~ \left(\partial_AV_B - (-1)^{\p{A}\p{B}}
\partial_BV_A\right)(-1)^{\epsilon_{B}} \,.
\end{equation}
As usual, we assume the symplectic form to be exact.
We emphasize that this construction is quite different from that of
refs.~\cite{super,super1}. In particular, in the present
formulation the superpartners $z_1(t)$ cannot be viewed as Pfaffian
ghosts. To construct the path integral one must thus in addition specify
the formally invariant super Liouville measure, as usual.
If in addition to eq. (\ref{qpb}) we also assume that there are no boundary
terms from $Q$
\begin{equation}
\int\! dtd\theta~{\mathcal{D}} Q
~=~ \int \! dt~ \dot{\Omega}(z_0) ~=~ 0~,
\end{equation}
then it follows from the previous considerations that this action satisfies
the Master Equation
\begin{equation}
(S,S) ~=~ 0 ~.
\end{equation}
It is simple to integrate out the additional $\theta$-variable from eq.
(\ref{S}), and one finds:
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:FHmaster}
S[z] ~=~ \int \!dt ~[V_A(z_0(t))
\dot{z}_0^A(t) - H(z_0(t)) - z_1^A(t)\partial_A
\Omega(z_0(t))] \,.
\end{equation}
Except for the last term, this is simply the conventional phase-space
action if there were no constraints.  Let us rewrite this last term:
\begin{equation}
z_1^A\partial_A\Omega(z_0(t)) ~=~ z^*_{0A}\{z_0^A,\Omega\} ~,
\end{equation}
where we have defined $z^*_{0A} \equiv z_1^B\omega_{BA}$.  This is the general
phase space action extended with antifields to satisfy the classical
BV Master Equation $(S,S)=0$. Note that the variables $z^A_0$ and $z^*_{0A}$
are canonically conjugate within the antibracket, but the precise
identification of which plays the role of ``field'' or ``antifield''
becomes apparent upon identification of ghost number \cite{FH}. All these
assignments follow automatically from the superfield approach.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
To make these considerations more concrete, let us consider the case of
first class constraints $T_{\alpha}(z)$ with the usual algebra
\begin{equation}
\{T_\alpha,T_\beta\} ~=~ C^\gamma_{\alpha \beta}T_{\gamma}
\,,\qquad
\{T_\alpha,H_0\} ~=~ V^\beta_\alpha T_\beta \,.
\end{equation}
where for simplicity we assume all the original phase space variables
to be bosonic.  According to the BFV prescription \cite{BFV} one introduces
ghosts $c^{\alpha}$ together with their conjugate momenta ${\mathcal P}_{\alpha}$,
and the BRST charge and the extended Hamiltonian are then given by
\begin{eqnarray}
  \label{eq:Omega-and-H}
\Omega &=& T_\alpha c^\alpha-
\frac{1}{2} {\mathcal P}_\gamma C^\gamma_{\alpha\beta}c^\alpha c^\beta + \ldots \cr
H &=& H_0 + {\mathcal P}_\alpha V^\alpha_\beta c^\beta + \ldots
\end{eqnarray}
where the dots denote the higher order terms in the expansion
of $\Omega$ and $H$ with respect to the ghost momenta ${\mathcal P}$.
The extended Poisson bracket is given in coordinates by
\begin{equation}
  \pb{q^i}{p_j} = \delta^i_j \,, \qquad
\pb{c^\alpha}{{\mathcal P}_\beta}=\delta^\alpha_\beta\,.
\end{equation}

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
We now allow all the phase space coordinates to depend on $t$ and $\theta$.
Let us write explicitly their expansion with respect to $\theta$:
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{rclrcl}
  \label{eq:exp}
q^i & =& q_0^i - \theta p_*^i\, \quad & \quad
p_i & = & p_i^0 + \theta q_i^* \cr
c^\alpha & = & c_0^\alpha - \theta u^\alpha \,\quad & \quad
{\mathcal P}_\alpha & = & u^*_\alpha+\theta c^*_\alpha \,.
\end{array}
\end{equation}
where we have chosen some defining signs in order to facilitate comparison
with the existing literature.
According to our choice $\gh{\theta}=1$ the ghost numbers of the new
variables read
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:ghost}
\begin{array}{llll}
 \gh{q_0^i}=0\,,&
 \gh{p^0_i}=0\,,&
  \gh{q^*_i}=-1\,,&
  \gh{p_*^i}=-1\,, \cr
  \gh{c_0^\alpha}=1\,,&
  \gh{u^\alpha}=0\,, &
  \gh{c^*_\alpha}=-2\,, &
  \gh{u^*_\alpha}=-1\,.
\end{array}
\end{equation}
The action \eqref{eq:FHmaster} then takes the form
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{ccl}
\label{eq:STexplicit}
S &=& \int\! dt ~[
p^0_i\dot{q}_0^i - H_0 + T_\alpha u^\alpha-
p_*^i \{p^0_i,T_\alpha\}c^\alpha_0\cr
&&-q^*_i \{q_0^i,T_\alpha\}c^\alpha_0 +
u^*\dot{c}^\alpha_0
-u^*_\alpha V^\alpha_\beta c_0^\beta
+\frac{1}{2} c^*_\gamma C^\gamma_{\alpha \beta}c_0^\alpha c_0^\beta-
u^*_\gamma C^\gamma_{\alpha \beta}u^\alpha c_0^\beta+ \ldots] ~,
\end{array}
\end{equation}
where the dots denote higher order terms in powers of
$u^*_\alpha$ and $c^*_\alpha$.
It is easy to see that the first three
terms in (\ref{eq:STexplicit}) are nothing but the extended Hamiltonian action
\begin{equation}
  \label{eq:Eaction}
  S ~=~ \int\! dt~ (p^0_i\dot{q}_0^i - H_0 + T_\alpha u^{\alpha})\,,
\end{equation}
corresponding to
the system under consideration. Indeed, these terms enter only with ghost
number zero variables, and should thus be understood
in the BV formalism as the initial action. Making use of
the ghost number assignments~\eqref{eq:ghost} it is also easy to
infer the gauge generators from eq. (\ref{eq:STexplicit}): they are
precisely the gauge generators of the extended Hamiltonian
action~\eqref{eq:Eaction}. It follows that $u^\alpha$ are simply the
Lagrangian multipliers corresponding to the constraints
$T_\alpha$. All other assignments coincide exactly with those of the extended
phase space action first identified by Fisch and Henneaux \cite{FH}.
We have thus explicitly confirmed the remarkable fact
that the whole extended phase-space BV formalism is precisely encoded
in this superspace path integral approach.

\section{An Inverse Construction}\label{sec:invers}

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
There are two equivalent ways two perform path integral
quantization of Hamiltonian systems with first-class constraints:
\begin{itemize}
\item[(i)]
via the BFV formalism based on an extended Poisson bracket
and BRST charge $\Omega$.
\item[(ii)]
via the BV formalism based on the antibracket
and the master action corresponding to
the extended Hamiltonian action.
\end{itemize}
As we have shown above,
the superfield approach allows one to explicitly derive the
BV formulation from the BFV prescription on phase space. The space of field
histories (which is the BV configuration space) thus appears as the space of
super-paths of the initial BFV phase space.  Remarkably, this space comes
with a BV antibracket which originates directly from the BFV
Poisson bracket. Similarly, the master action derives directly
from the BRST charge $\Omega$ and the BFV extended Hamiltonian.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
It is natural to ask if there, conversely, exists a ``phase space''
description of any Lagrangian gauge theory which is dual to the standard
BV description.  As we shall now show, the answer to this is affirmative.
Moreover, we will again directly arrive at the correct dual description
by means of the superfield approach. A quite different superfield formulation
of BV Lagrangian quantization was first proposed in ref. \cite{L}.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
Let us start with the standard BV formulation of any Lagrangian
gauge theory. Let ${\mathcal M}$ be the antisymplectic manifold of the BV
configuration space, the antisymplectic structure of which determines the
BV antibracket $(\cdot,\cdot)$. We let $S$ denote the master action defined
on this BV configuration space ${\mathcal M}$.  This master action $S$ is required to
be of ghost number zero: $\gh{S}=0$, and will of course classically satisfy
the Master Equation $(S,S)=0$. We also let $\Gamma^A$ denote local
coordinates on ${\mathcal M}$ (in Darboux coordinates $\Gamma^A$ are just the
fields $\phi$ and antifields $\phi^*$).  In terms of local
coordinates the antibracket is determined by the odd
Poisson bivector $E^{AB}=(\Gamma^A,\Gamma^B)$.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
Let us now turn to the superfield formulation. In this case we simply
consider one odd coordinate $\theta$, which we here take to be of
opposite ghost number as compared with the previous section:
$\gh{\theta}=-1$. We will consider $\theta$ as a Grassmann-odd version of
ordinary time in exactly the same manner as above, and
we thus allow $\Gamma^A$ to depend on $\theta$, $i.e.$,
\begin{equation}
  \Gamma^A=\Gamma^A_0+\theta \Gamma^A_1\,,
\end{equation}
Obviously
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:BVghostno}
  \p{\Gamma^A_0}=\p{\Gamma^A_1}+1=\p{\Gamma^A}\,, \qquad
  \gh{\Gamma^A_0}=\gh{\Gamma^A_1}-1=\gh{\Gamma^A}\,,
\end{equation}
and the path space will thus have an {\em even} symplectic
structure (see Sec.~\ref{sec:geometry}). The corresponding Poisson bracket
is given in coordinates by
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{rcl}
\label{eq:induced-PB}
  \{\Gamma^A_0,\Gamma^B_0\} &=& 0 \cr
  \{\Gamma^A_0,\Gamma^B_1\} &=& E^{AB}(\Gamma_0) \cr
\{\Gamma^A_1,\Gamma^B_1\} &=& \Gamma^C_1
\partial_C E^{AB}(\Gamma_0) \,.
\end{array}
\end{equation}
This Poisson bracket obviously carries zero ghost number. Now we define the
quantity
\begin{equation}
  \label{eq:BV-Omega}
\Omega(\Gamma_0,\Gamma_1) ~\equiv~ \int \! d \theta~ S(\Gamma(\theta))\,,
\end{equation}
By construction $\gh{\Omega}=1$,
and we note that $\Omega$ will be nilpotent:
\begin{equation}
  \{\Omega,\Omega\} = 0\,.
\label{Omeganil}
\end{equation}
In fact, this nilpotency condition is here to be viewed as a Poisson-bracket
Master Equation. But it immediately raises the question: Can this $\Omega$
also be formally considered as the BRST charge corresponding to a Hamiltonian
system with constraints? Although we do not allow the fields $\Gamma^A$ to
depend in addition on a {\em new} bosonic coordinate ``time'',
this is in fact the case.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
It is not difficult
to understand the nature of the associated Hamiltonian system of constraints.
Let $S$ be the
extended master action of a gauge theory described by an initial action
$S_0(q^i)$ and gauge generators $R^i_\alpha$ which we for simplicity take
to be linearly independent (the discussion can be easily generalized
to the reducible case).  They form a possibly open algebra
\begin{equation}
  [R_\alpha,R_\beta]=C^\gamma_{\alpha \beta}R_\gamma+\ldots\,.
\end{equation}
where dots means the terms vanishing on the stationary surface
of the action $S_0$.  Thus in the BV formulation we need, for the
minimal sector, the fields of the initial theory $q^i,\, \gh{q^i}=0$
(which we for simplicity take to be bosonic),
ghosts $c^\alpha,\,\gh{c^\alpha}=1$, and all their antifields.  As
usual, we combine fields into $\phi^A$, and  antifields into
$\phi^*_A$. The BV antibracket and ghost number assignments
are
\begin{equation}
(\phi^A,\phi^*_B) = \delta^A_B\,, \qquad
\gh{\phi^*_A}=-\gh{\phi^A}-1\,.
\end{equation}
The master action constructed according to the BV prescription to satisfy the
classical Master Equation $(S,S)=0$ is then
\begin{equation}
  \label{eq:BVmaster}
S=S_0 + q^*_i R^i_\alpha c^{\alpha} - \frac{1}{2} c^*_\gamma C^\gamma_{\alpha\beta}
c^\alpha c^\beta+\ldots\,.
\end{equation}
where the dots denotes possible terms of higher order in antifields.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
We now allow $\phi^A,\phi^*_A$ to depend on $\theta$.  The
expansion of $\phi,\phi^*$ in $\theta$ thus reads
\begin{equation}
q^i=q_0^i-\theta \gamma^i\,, \qquad
q^*_i=\pi_i+\theta p_i\,, \qquad
c^\alpha=c_0^\alpha +\theta \eta^\alpha \,, \qquad
c^*_\alpha=\rho_\alpha +\theta {\mathcal P}_\alpha\,. \qquad
\end{equation}
Moreover, it follows from eq. \eqref{eq:BVghostno}
that ghost number assignments are:
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{c}
\gh{q_0^i}=\gh{p_i}=0\,,\quad \gh{c^\alpha}=\gh{\eta^\alpha}=1\,, \quad
\gh{{\mathcal P}_\alpha}=\gh{\pi_i}=-1\,, \cr
\gh{\eta^\alpha}=2\,,\qquad \gh{\rho_\alpha}=-2\,.
\end{array}
\end{equation}

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
The Poisson bracket (\ref{eq:induced-PB}) becomes
explicitly
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{c}
\{q_0^i,p_j\}=\delta^i_j\,,\qquad
\{\gamma^i,\pi_j\}=\delta^i_j\,,\cr
\{c_0^\alpha,{\mathcal P}_\beta\}=\delta^\alpha_\beta\,,\qquad
\{\eta^\alpha,\rho_\beta\}=\delta^\alpha_\beta\,,
\end{array}
\end{equation}
Substituting (\ref{eq:BVmaster}) in (\ref{eq:BV-Omega})
and integrating over $\theta$ we arrive at
\begin{equation}
  \label{eq:Omega-explicit}
\Omega ~=~ -\gamma^i \partial_i S_0+
p_i R^i_\alpha c_0^\alpha-
\pi_i R^i_\alpha \eta^\alpha+
\pi_i(\gamma^j \partial_j R^i_\alpha)c_0^\alpha-
\frac{1}{2} {\mathcal P}_\gamma C^\gamma_{\alpha \beta} c_0^\alpha c_0^\beta
-\rho_\alpha C^\gamma_{\alpha\beta}\eta^\alpha c_0^\beta+\ldots\,,
\end{equation}
where dots denote higher order terms in the variables ${\mathcal P},\pi$ and $\rho$.
We will see that they are to be identified with
ghost momenta.  Eq. \eqref{eq:Omega-explicit} can formally be identified
with the BRST charge of a system with constraints. Using the ghost
number assignments it is easy to see that $\gamma^i$ and $c_0^\alpha$
are the ghosts associated with first class constraints $\partial_i S$
and $p_iR^i_{\alpha}$, and $\pi_i\,, {\mathcal P}_\alpha$ are their conjugate
momenta.  The variables $\eta^\alpha$ and $\rho_\alpha$ are simply the
ghosts for ghosts and their momenta associated with the reducible
constraints $\partial_iS$. To be precise, the Lagrangian gauge
generators $R^i_\alpha$ are the reducibility functions for
the constraints $\partial_i S_0$ due to the Noether identity
$R^i_\alpha \partial_i S_0=0$. The corresponding term $\pi_i
R^i_\alpha \eta^\alpha$ indeed enters (\ref{eq:Omega-explicit}).
It should be emphasized that all these identifications are in an algebraic
sense only: There is no analogue of the ordinary time coordinate of the
Hamiltonian system.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
An interesting open question concerns the role of quantum corrections to the
master action $S$. Suppose we expand the solution to
the full quantum Master Equation
\begin{equation}
\frac{1}{2} (S,S) ~=~ i\hbar \Delta S
\end{equation}
in powers of $\hbar$, and insert this
full solution into the definition (\ref{eq:BV-Omega}). The nilpotency condition
(\ref{Omeganil}) will then be broken by $\hbar$-corrections on the right
hand side. What is the interpretation
of the $\hbar$-corrections to the BRST charge $\Omega$? Perhaps this is related
to canonical quantization of
the Poisson bracket and the corresponding Hamiltonian quantum Master
Equation $[\hat{\Omega}(\hbar),\hat{\Omega}(\hbar)]=0$.
In any case, the question deserves a more detailed study.

\section{Geometry of the Super Path Space}\label{sec:geometry}

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
It is useful to clarify the geometrical meaning
of the structures entering the above superspace formulations, and view
them in greater generality. In particular, it is instructive to see how the
antibracket and the usual Poisson bracket enter on equal footing.
In this section, which will be a bit more abstract, we find it convenient to
even use the same symbol for the two, namely $[\cdot,\cdot]_{\mathcal M}$.
One must of course keep in mind that the odd and even brackets have odd and
even Grassmann parities, respectively. Now let
${\mathcal M}$ be a symplectic manifold (which can be even or odd), and let
$[\cdot,\cdot]_{\mathcal M}$ be the corresponding Poisson bracket or antibracket,
depending on the Grassmann parity. We denote by $n$
the dimension of ${\mathcal M}$ and $\kappa$
the Grassmann parity of the bracket $[\cdot,\cdot]_{\mathcal M}$, $i.e.$,
\begin{equation}
\p{\pg{f}{g}_{\mathcal M}}=\p{f}+\p{g}+\kappa\,,
\end{equation}
The exchange relation, the Leibniz rule and the Jacobi identity
are then neatly summarized, for both brackets, by
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{rcl}
\label{eq:Jacobi}
\pg{f}{g}_{\mathcal M}&=& -(-1)^{(\p{f}+\kappa)(\p{g}+\kappa)}\pg{g}{f}_{\mathcal M}\, \cr
\pg{f}{gh}_{\mathcal M}&=&\pg{f}{g}_{\mathcal M}
h+(-1)^{(\p{f}+\kappa))\p{g}}g\pg{f}{h}_{\mathcal M}\, \cr
\pg{f}{\pg{g}{h}_{\mathcal M}}_{\mathcal M} &=&
\pg{\pg{f}{g}_{\mathcal M}}{h}_{\mathcal M}+\pg{g}{\pg{f}{h}_{\mathcal M}}_{\mathcal M}
(-1)^{(\p{f}+\kappa)(\p{g}+\kappa)}\,.
\end{array}
\end{equation}
for any functions $f,g$ and $h$ on ${\mathcal M}$.  In local coordinates
$\Gamma^A$ on ${\mathcal M}$ we write generically
$E^{AB}=\pg{\Gamma^A}{\Gamma^B}_{\mathcal M}$ for both kinds of brackets.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
Let in addition $\Sigma$ be a supermanifold
of dimension $k$ and of coordinates $x^i$.
We assume for simplicity that it is compact. Let there in addition be a
volume form $d\mu(x)=\rho(x)dx=\rho(x)dx^1\ldots dx^k$ on $\Sigma$.
We denote by ${\mathcal E}$ the super-path space, i.e. the space of smooth maps from
$\Sigma$ to ${\mathcal M}$.  In local coordinates each map is described
by the functions $\Gamma^A(x)$.  As ${\mathcal M}$ is symplectic, and
$\Sigma$ has the above volume form, then~\cite{[AKSZ]} the
super path space ${\mathcal E}$ is also symplectic (see also section 4.3 of ref.
\cite{super} and ref. \cite{B}).  Indeed, for any functionals $F,G$ we define
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:path-bracket}
\pg{F}{G}_{\mathcal E}=(-1)^{(\p{F}+\p{d\mu})\p{d\mu}}
\int d\mu(x)
(F\vardr{\Gamma^A(x)} E^{AB}(\Gamma(x))
\vardl{\Gamma^B(x)} G)\,.
\end{equation}
Here we have made use of the following conventions for the functional
derivatives: for infinitesimal variation
$\delta \Gamma^A(x)$ we write
\begin{equation}
\delta F[\Gamma]~=~
\int d \mu (x) \delta \Gamma^A(x) (\vardl{\Gamma^A(x)}F[\Gamma])~=~
\int (F[\Gamma] \vardr{\Gamma^A(x)}) \delta \Gamma^A(x)d \mu (x)\,.
\end{equation}
In particular, left and right derivatives are then related by
\begin{equation}
  \vardl{\Gamma^A(x)}F~=~
(-1)^{\p{d\mu}+(\p{F}+\p{d \mu}+1)(\p{\Gamma^A}+\p{d \mu})}
F \vardr{\Gamma^A(x)}\,,
\end{equation}
where $\p{d \mu }$ is the Grassmann parity of the measure.
Note that the Grassmann parity of the functional derivative
$\vardl{\Gamma^A(x)}$ is $\p{\Gamma^A}+\p{d \mu}$.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
Let us first state some obvious properties of the bracket
structure~\eqref{eq:path-bracket}.  First,
the Grassmann parity $k^\prime$ of the bracket~\eqref{eq:path-bracket}
is related to the Grassmann parity of the bracket $\pg{\cdot}{\cdot}_{\mathcal M}$
by $\kappa^\prime=\kappa+\p{d\mu}$.  The bracket
\eqref{eq:path-bracket} obviously satisfies ~\eqref{eq:Jacobi}
with $\kappa$ being the $\kappa^\prime$ and is thus a
Poisson bracket or an antibracket, depending on its Grassmann parity.
Taking $F$ and $G$ in \eqref{eq:path-bracket} to be
\begin{equation}
  \label{eq:association}
F[\Gamma]=\int d\mu(x) f(\Gamma(x))\,, \qquad
G[\Gamma]=\int d\mu(x) g(\Gamma(x))\,,
\end{equation}
for some functions $f,g$ on ${\mathcal M}$ we arrive at
\begin{equation}
\pg{F}{G}_{\mathcal E}=\int d \mu \pg{f}{g}_{\mathcal M}\,.
\end{equation}

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
Let there in addition be given a vector field
$q=q^i\dl{x^i}$ on $\Sigma$.  We assume that $div_{d \mu}(q)=0$, which implies
that $\int\! d\mu~ q f=0$ for any function $f$ on
$\Sigma$. The vector field $q$ can be lifted to a
vector field $Q$ on the super path space
${\mathcal E}$~\cite{[AKSZ]}. In coordinates we have for any functional
$F[\Gamma]$
\begin{equation}
QF[\Gamma]=\int d \mu(x)
(( q^i(x) \dl{x^i} \Gamma^A(x)) \frac{\delta}{\delta
  \Gamma^A(x)}F[\Gamma])\,.
\end{equation}
An important observation is that $Q$ is
an Hamiltonian vector field with respect to the bracket
~\eqref{eq:path-bracket}.  Indeed,
let $V_A(\Gamma)$ be the symplectic
potential on ${\mathcal M}$; for the symplectic 2-form we have
\begin{equation}
E_{AB}=(\partial_A V_B -
(-1)^{\p{A}\p{B}}
\partial_B V_A )
(-1)^{\p{B}(\kappa+1)}\,,
\end{equation}
where $\kappa$ is the parity of the symplectic form.  Then for an
arbitrary  functional $F[\Gamma]$ we have
\begin{equation}
  QF=-\pg{C}{F}_{\mathcal E}\,, \qquad
  C=\int\,d\mu(x)\, (q\, \Gamma^A(x))\,V_A(\Gamma(x))\,,
\end{equation}
with $\p{C} = \p{d\mu}+\p{q} + \kappa$.
Note that if $q$ is an odd nilpotent vector field on $\Sigma$,
then the corresponding Hamiltonian $C$ automatically satisfies the
classical Master Equation $\pg{C}{C}_{\mathcal E}=0$.  Another important
property of $Q$ is that for any functional $F$
of the form~\eqref{eq:association} we have $QF=-\pg{C}{F}_{\mathcal E}=0$.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
These properties of the super path space bracket
allows one to directly construct a BV master action
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:form}
  W = \alpha C + \beta F \,,
\end{equation}
for some functional $F$ from ~\eqref{eq:association} and any $f$ satisfying
$\pg{f}{f}_{\mathcal M}=0$. This holds for arbitrary coefficients $\alpha$ and
$\beta$.  When the Grassmann parity of this $W$ is odd, it simply has
the interpretation as a BRST-like charge $\Omega$. It was
shown in ref~\cite{[AKSZ]} that the
BV master actions corresponding to Chern-Simons theory and $2D$ topological
sigma models have precisely the same structure. In all
these cases one chooses $\Sigma$ to be an odd tangent
bundle over the even manifold $\Sigma_0$, with the odd nilpotent vector
field $q$ being the De Rham differential
on $\Sigma_0$. Remarkably,
the BV master action of the 2D Poisson sigma model used
in~\cite{[Felder]} for the construction of the
Kontsevich star product~\cite{[Kontsevich]} also has
just the form \eqref{eq:form}.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
Surprising relations between the Poisson brackets of
Hamiltonian BFV quantization and antibrackets of Lagrangian quantization
have recently been discovered for topological gauge theories in a quite
different manner \cite{G} (see also refs. \cite{ND,GST,BM}).
It would also be interesting to consider
the isomorphism between the Poisson bracket and the antibracket \cite{BH}
in the light of this superfield construction.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
Finally, let us explicitly make contact to the examples we
gave in the previous sections. For the first case we choose $\Sigma$
to be a $(1|1)$ supermanifold with coordinates $t$ and $\theta$. We
also choose ${\mathcal M}$ to be an even symplectic manifold, and simply take
as measure $d\mu=dt\, d\theta$, as well as an odd operation ${\mathcal{D}}=\theta
\frac{d}{dt}$. A smooth map $\Sigma \to {\mathcal M}$ is given by the set of
functions $\Gamma^A(t,\theta)=\Gamma_0^A+\theta \Gamma_1^A$. Using
the representation
\begin{equation}
  \Gamma_0^A(t)=\int d \theta\, \theta \,\Gamma^A(t,\theta)\,, \qquad
  \Gamma_1^A(t)=\int d \theta \, \Gamma^A(t,\theta)\,,
\end{equation}
and explicitly integrating over $\theta$
in the definition~\eqref{eq:path-bracket} we
arrive at
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{rcl}
\label{eq:AB-explicit}
\ab{\Gamma^A_0(t)}{\Gamma^B_0(t^\prime)} &=& 0\, \cr
\ab{\Gamma^A_0(t)}{\Gamma^B_1(t^\prime)} &=& \omega^{AB}(\Gamma_0)
\delta(t-t^\prime)\, \cr
\ab{\Gamma^A_1(t)}{\Gamma^B_1(t^\prime)} &=&
\Gamma^C_1\partial_C
 \omega^{AB}(\Gamma_0) \delta(t-t^\prime)\,.
\end{array}
\end{equation}
In its turn the odd nilpotent vector field $D$, considered as acting
on functionals, is a Hamiltonian vector field with Hamiltonian
\begin{equation}
  C=\int\, dt\, d\theta\, V_A {\mathcal{D}} \Gamma^A\,.
\end{equation}
Choosing Darboux coordinates $p,q$ on ${\mathcal M}$ one arrives at
the standard form $\int dt p^0_{i}{\dot{q}}_{0}^i$. Thus we
see that the Hamiltonian action~\eqref{S} has precisely
the ``geometrical'' form~\eqref{eq:form} with $f$
being the super BRST charge $\Omega+\theta H$. The only
difference is that $f$ in this case explicitly depends
on $\theta$.

\vspace{12pt}\noindent
In the case of the inverse construction of Sec.~\ref{sec:invers} one chooses
$\Sigma$ to be a one dimensional space with Grassmann-odd coordinate $\theta$
and ${\mathcal M}$ as an antisymplectic manifold. Using the general
formula~\eqref{eq:path-bracket}
one arrives directly at the explicit form of the odd path space
Poisson bracket~\eqref{eq:induced-PB}. In this case we simply take $\alpha=0$
and $F$ to be the master action $S$ in eq. \eqref{eq:form}.
We have thus shown how both of these
cases follow directly from the above general framework.

\vspace{1cm}
\noindent
{\sc Acknowledgement:}~ The work of M.A.G. is partially supported by
INTAS grant YSF-98-156, RFBR grant 98-01-01155, Russian Federation
President Grant 99-15-96037, and the Landau Scholarship Foundation,
Forschungszentrum J\"ulich. We thank I.A.~Batalin, K.~Bering,
A.M.~Semikhatov, I.Yu.~Tipunin and especially I.V.~Tyutin for fruitful
discussions.

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text:
Equitable Access To Residential (EQUATOR) EV Charging
The primary objective of this research project is to define quantifiable metrics that make it possible to adequately represent accessibility of EV charging infrastructure and to internalize these metrics in decision-support procedures and tools that are used by utilities and authorities to determine electricity rates (tariffs) and additional incentives to promote investments in EV charging infrastructure.
Accordingly, the proposed research effort will be organized in two phases:
Phase I. Metrics: Define metrics for evaluating the accessibility of EV charging, including:
Affordability intends to characterize the cost of EV charging relative to the amount that the purchaser is able to pay
Environmental benefits will be defined in terms of the social cost of abated CO2 emissions, air quality benefits, and public health benefits
Quality of services seeks to measure the convenience of using EV charging stations
Additionally, to visualize the analyses using the proposed metrics, we will develop a web dashboard to convey key insights in a form conducive for decision-making with non-engineering backgrounds. This dashboard will display the proposed metrics overlayed with a map of NYC and use streaming data from NYC Open Data for continuous updates.
Phase II. Optimal Investments in EV Charging: Internalize the metrics developed in Phase I in decision-support tools for optimizing incentives and investments for public EV charging infrastructure. Using the metrics developed above, we will formulate a planning model to optimize the roll-out of EV charging infrastructure from the viewpoint of a benevolent urban planner (e.g. transportation authority or public service utility commission) that seeks to determine the most economic locations for prospective EV charging stations, while satisfying techno-economic constraints on the operation of the power and transportation systems and avoiding social imbalances across the city.
Research Objectives & Deliverables
Various tasks and deliverables involved in the successful completion of the proposed project will include the following:
Deliverable 1: Report on the application of the proposed metrics to NYC Open data
Deliverable 2: Web dashboard that continuously updates the developed metrics assessing based on the updated information in NYC Open Data and provides up-to-date information on the accessibility of EV charging infrastructure. This dashboard will be implemented in a similar manner to the ongoing project of PI Dvorkin on socio-economic characterization of power outages: http://outagesnyc.hosting.nyu.edu/about
Deliverable 3: Report on the quantified inefficiencies and injustices in the public EV charging sector and recommendations on how to direct budget-constraint investments to mitigate these inefficiencies and injustices
Upon the start of the project, we additionally plan to assemble an Advisory Board, which will include a representative from an NYC transportation authority and a Con Edison, which the PIs have successfully achieved for their current effort. We will also seek to engage a regulator or lawmaker to participate in the Advisory Board and will target representatives from the New York City Department of Transportation, and New York State Department of Public Service.
Yury Dvorkin
Burcin Unel
Samrat Acharya
STUDENT RESEARCHER
Hafiz Anwar Ullah Khan
Principal Investigator Dr. Yury Dvorkin,
Funding Source The budget request is $60,001 and we provide $30,696 as the cost share from non-federal grants available to PI Dvorkin.
Total Project Cost $90,697
USDOT Award # 69A3551747124
Implementation of Research Outcomes Research outcomes will be implemented as a real-time web dashboard that continuously displays and updates metrics for accessibility of EV charging in NYC
Impacts/Benefits of Implementation
The project will develop a web dashboard that will convey key insights on the accessibility of EV charging in NYC, in a form conducive for decision-making with non-engineering backgrounds. This dashboard will display the developed metrics overlayed with a map of NYC and use streaming data from NYC Open Data for continuous updates, thus increasing awareness of decision-makers and NYC dwellers of existing inefficiencies and injustices. The outcomes of this dashboard can then be used to rectify these inefficiencies and injustices by regulators and primary stakeholders
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text:
Duncan Patterson ALTERNATIVE 4 signs with Avantgarde Music
Mar 5, 2011 - News
Milan, 16022011
To all our business partners and medias, with gratitude for immediate publishing
Re. Duncan Patterson's Alternative 4 to sign with Avantgarde Music
Duncan Patterson has been an integral part of the independent music scene since 1991, still today known and recognized as the original mastermind behind Anathema's early success and in particular as the driving composer behind the "Eternity" and "Alternative 4" albums. With his song writing he contributed in defining the doom metal sound first, and then piloted the band towards a deeper and rather advanced style which they followed and developed furtherly after Duncan's departure.
Unquiet and always daring to experiment, he then formed (and released four albums with) Antimatter together with Michael Moss, exploring several genres from deep electronica to folk acoustic, as recently documented by Antimatter's comprehensive compilation "Alternative matter".
But a creative spirit can't be kept in a cage.. thus Duncan abandoned again a project at its top peak and started another full time project called Íon, putting aside for a while the electronic trips and embracing the purity of acoustic, traditional and indigenous music but still marked with his well defined songwriting style.
In between recording and touring his own projects, he has also enjoyed taking parts to projects that were less spoken about in the indie/metal scene, like Irish alternative rock band The Aftermath or having his own music featured as movies soundtracks (the award-winning film "The sons of Eilaboun" and "Just Another Day").
Now to the most interesing part of this announcement: with his current project 'Alternative 4' Duncan has created what we can describe as a 'cinematic rock' monument, titled "The Brink", which recalls echoes of his previous work merged with classic sounding instrumentation.
Unsettling yet beautiful, The Brink is already and completely written and actually being recorded in different locations in this world and outer worlds…. The album will feature orchestral and chorals recorded in Monterrey, Mexico, as a diamond on top of a more solid and dark-rock core structure recorded in Ireland with the help of a few long-time collaborators and respected friends, like Mark Kelson (The Eternal) who will play an integral role on this release
"The Brink" will be tentatively released in Summer 2011 and will be adorned with a beatiful packaging and visuals.
Avantgarde Music is honoured, to say the least, to have as main guest in their house an Artist who undirectly in his earlier days contributed in growing up the label's owners musical taste and vision.
As we don't think we're forever, we are pleased and blessed to have Duncan with us today.
alternative4.co.uk | duncanpatterson.com | myspace.com/duncanpatterson
…about LYRINX


26th July, 2016 is observed as the "17th Kargil Vijay Diwas" which has been named after the success of Vijay Operation. Kargil Vijay diwas is observed every year in the honour of the Kargil War Heroes.
"Swadesh Darshan Scheme" was launched on 26th July, 2016. The scheme was approved with 25 projects worth Rs 2,048 crore for 21 states and Union Territories in January 2015.
On 26th July, 2016, Lok Sabha passed the "Institutes Of Technology bill, 2016" which aimed to open 6 new IITS in Tirupati, Bhilai and Jammu.
On 25th July, 2016, Verizon Communication Inc.acquired Yahoo's core assets of Internet for $4.83 billion in order to provide digital advertising and media business.
Sanjiv Puri has been appointed as the COO of ITC Ltd. on 26th July, 2016.
Reserve Bank Of India has imposed penalty of Rs. 27 crore on 13 banks on 26th July, 2016.
Government took an initiative for the process to sell 15% stake in NBCC (National Buildings Construction Corporation Limited).
Online company Myntra has taken over Jabong on 26th July, 2016.
ICICI and Axis banks are the first Indian banks which signed the Swift possessed global payments innovation.
As per Nasscom report released on 25th July, 2016, TCS has been ranked as the top employer in Indian IT industry standards.
Online business firm Quikr took over the charge of the online recruitment firm Hiree, which is mainly focussed on white collar jobs.
Ricoh India announced that the company's chairman Tetsuya Takano has resigned from the designation on 25th jUly, 2016.
Hans Vestberg, CEO of Ericsson was dismissed from the post on 25th July, 2016.
L&T finance corporation appointed Dinanath Dubhashi as its Managing Director on 22nd July, 2016.
Indian Shooter Manavaditya Rathore won the bronze medal in Junior World cup on 24th July, 2016.
Spanish player Feliciano Lopez defeated Robin Haase of Netherlands and won the 2016 swiss Open Gstaad on 24th July, 2016.
The Solar Impulse became the first aircraft after completing its global journey and landed in Abu Dhabi on 26th July, 2016.
"Kanyakumari" is the first ever woman violinist who has been nominated for the "Sangita Kalanidhi award" of the Music Academy in 2016.
Former ASI(Archaeological survey of India) official Dr. Buddha Rashmi Mani has been appointed as the new director general of the National Museum on 25th July, 2016.
Q1. 26th July, 2016, is observed as which Kargil diwas ?
Q2. Which scheme was approved with 25 projects worth Rs 2,048 crore for 21 states and Union Territories in January 2015.
Q3. On 26th July, 2016, Lok Sabha passed the …………..
Q4. Yahoo's core assets of Internet has acquired by which company?
Q5. Who has been appointed as the COO of ITC Ltd.
Q4. To empower disabled(divyangs) persons.


text:
APOD: Wide Field View of Great American... (2019 Jan 30)
Post by APOD Robot » Wed Jan 30, 2019 5:05 am
Wide Field View of Great American Eclipse
Explanation: Only in the fleeting darkness of a total solar eclipse is the light of the solar corona easily visible. Normally overwhelmed by the bright solar disk, the expansive corona, the sun's outer atmosphere, is an alluring sight. But the subtle details and extreme ranges in the corona's brightness, although discernible to the eye, are notoriously difficult to photograph. Pictured here, however, using over 120 images and meticulous digital processing, is a detailed wide-angle image of the Sun's corona taken during the Great American Eclipse in 2017 August. Clearly visible are intricate layers and glowing caustics of an ever changing mixture of hot gas and magnetic fields. Hundreds of stars as faint as 11th magnitude are visible behind the Moon and Sun, with Mars appearing in red on the far right. The next total eclipse of the Sun will occur on July 2 and be visible during sunset from a thin swath across Chile and Argentina.
Re: APOD: Wide Field View of Great American... (2019 Jan 30)
Post by Ann » Wed Jan 30, 2019 5:40 am
Great image.
There is a conspicuously blue star to the upper left of the Sun. Could that by any chance be Regulus?
De58te
Post by De58te » Wed Jan 30, 2019 11:00 am
Ann wrote: ↑
The chance that it is Regulus is most likely as the Stellarium program puts the Sun's position on August 21 right at the foreleg and chest of the constellation Leo.
Post by Nitpicker » Wed Jan 30, 2019 11:09 am
Yes it is Regulus. The author's page confirms it. Very impressed if you picked it from the APOD alone. Freakishly atune to the colour blue.
Amazing APOD.
orin stepanek
Plutopian
Post by orin stepanek » Wed Jan 30, 2019 12:34 pm
Seems like yesterday!
Orin
Smile today; tomorrow's another day!
BDanielMayfield
Don't bring me down
AKA: Bruce
Location: East Idaho
Post by BDanielMayfield » Wed Jan 30, 2019 3:03 pm
Nitpicker wrote: ↑
Yes it is Regulus. The author's page confirms it. Very impressed if you picked it from the APOD alone. Freakishly[, expertly] atune to the colour blue.
Yes, that's our Ann, (expertly insertion to soften the freak).
"Happy are the peaceable ... "
Post by Ann » Wed Jan 30, 2019 4:03 pm
BDanielMayfield wrote: ↑
Thanks for the compliment, Nit and Bruce, I really appreciate it!
Mars, Regulus and Comet Ison. Photo: Chris Schur.
This is how I identified Regulus. Regulus is bright star (mag +1.41) and in good photographs, it looks conspicuously blue. Also Regulus is located very close to the ecliptic, meaning that it will frequently pair up with objects in the Solar system. In the picture at left, it forms a striking conjunction with Mars. And because of its brightness and proximity to the ecliptic, why wouldn't it form a striking pair with the Sun during an eclipse?
I can think of no other blue star that meets all these criteria.
Post by neufer » Wed Jan 30, 2019 4:36 pm
https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap131017.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulus wrote:
<<Regulus is Latin for 'prince' or 'little king'. It is also known as Qalb al-Asad, from the Arabic قلب الأسد, meaning 'the heart of the lion', a name already attested in the Greek Kardia Leontos whose Latin equivalent is Cor Leōnis.
The spectroscopic binary Regulus A consists of a blue-white main-sequence star of spectral type B7V and its companion, which has not yet been directly observed, but is probably a white dwarf of at least 0.3 solar masses. The two stars take approximately 40 days to complete an orbit around their common centre of mass. Given the extremely distorted shape of the primary, the relative orbital motion may be notably altered with respect to the two-body purely Keplerian scenario because of non-negligible long-term orbital perturbations affecting, for example, its orbital period. In other words, Kepler's third law, which holds exactly only for two point-like masses, would no longer be valid for the Regulus system. Regulus A was long thought to be fairly young, only 50 – 100 million years old, calculated by comparing its temperature, luminosity, and mass. The existence of a white dwarf companion would mean that the system is at least a 1 billion years old, just to account for the formation of the white dwarf. The discrepancy can be accounted for by a history of mass transfer onto a once-smaller Regulus A.
The primary of Regulus A has about 3.5 times the Sun's mass. It is spinning extremely rapidly, with a rotation period of only 15.9 hours, which causes it to have a highly oblate shape. This results in so-called gravity darkening: the photosphere at Regulus' poles is considerably hotter, and five times brighter per unit surface area, than its equatorial region. The star's surface at the equator rotates at about 320 kilometres per second, or 96.5% of its critical angular velocity for break-up. It is emitting polarized light because of this.>>
drjhammond
Post by drjhammond » Wed Jan 30, 2019 7:49 pm
This is an amazing image of the solar eclipse. Interesting that I have not seen it earlier. This image shows the part of the corona which is also seen as the zodiacal light. The bright bands streaming to the left "below" Regulus and to the right "below" Mars are components of this part of the corona also called the F corona. "The F-corona, so-called because it shows the same dark absorption lines that Fraunhofer found in the on-disk spectrum..., is actually unrelated to the corona per se. It arises out of scattering of photospheric light by small dust particles in the ecliptic plane, and it may more accurately be thought of as the inner zodiacal light. thus, the F-corona is again not true coronal light but a reflection (literally) of the bright photospheric light." From "The Solar Corona , Second Edition", Leon Golub and Jay Pasachoff, p 5. The word "again" in this quote refers to the previous discussion of the K-corona which is light scattered by electrons of the coronal gas. The K-corona is the dominant part of the corona that we see during a total solar eclipse but is not light emitted by the sun's corona (the E-corona) which is fainter and dominated by shorter wavelengths in narrow emission lines. The Golub and Pasachoff book was the first place I read about the coronal light being photospheric light scattered by the electrons in the coronal plasma.
Post by Nitpicker » Wed Jan 30, 2019 8:01 pm
I was think Spica could easily be confused with Regulus.
Post by Ann » Wed Jan 30, 2019 11:37 pm
Spica, Mars and Saturn. Photo: Luis Argerich.
You're right, Nit. It might easily have been Spica.
So in the end, I was just being "northern hemisphere-biased". I see more of Regulus than of Spica from my vantage point on the Earth, so when I see a photo of a blue star in conjunction with a planet, my first guess is that the star is Regulus.
But I also "like" Regulus because it is the Alpha star of a strikingly elegant constellation, Leo, whereas Spica's Virgo looks like "nothing" to me.
Oh, one more thing. The great American eclipse of 2017 happened in late summer on the northern hemisphere. Doesn't that make it more likely that the Sun would be close to Regulus than that it would be close to Spica?
Post by neufer » Thu Jan 31, 2019 1:10 am
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spica wrote:
<<Spica, also designated α Virginis, is a spectroscopic binary star and rotating ellipsoidal variable; a system whose two stars are so close together they are egg-shaped rather than spherical, and can only be separated by their spectra. The primary is classified as a Beta Cephei variable star that varies in brightness over a 0.1738-day period. The spectrum shows a radial velocity variation with the same period, indicating that the surface of the star is regularly pulsating outward and then contracting. This star is rotating rapidly, with a rotational velocity of 199 km/s along the equator. The primary is one of the nearest stars to the Sun that has enough mass to end its life in a Type II supernova explosion.
Spica's components orbit each other every four days. Initially, the orbital parameters for this system were inferred using spectroscopic measurements. Between 1966 and 1970, the Narrabri Stellar Intensity Interferometer was used to observe the pair and to directly measure the orbital characteristics and the angular diameter of the primary, which was found to be (0.90 ± 0.04) × 10−3 arcseconds, and the angular size of the semi-major axis of the orbit was found to be only slightly larger at (1.54 ± 0.05) × 10−3 arcseconds.
Spica's apparent magnitude varies by 0.03 over an interval that matches the orbital period. This slight dip in magnitude is barely noticeable visually. Both stars rotate faster than their mutual orbital period. This lack of synchronization and the high ellipticity of their orbit may indicate that this is a young star system. Over time, the mutual tidal interaction of the pair may lead to rotational synchronization and orbit circularization.
The primary star is midway between a subgiant and a giant star, and it is no longer a main-sequence star. The evolutionary stage has been calculated to be near or slightly past the end of the main sequence phase. This is a massive star with more than 10 times the mass of the Sun and seven times the Sun's radius. The bolometric luminosity of the primary is about 20,500 times that of the Sun, and nine times the luminosity of its companion.
The secondary member of this system is one of the few stars whose spectrum is affected by the Struve–Sahade effect. This is an anomalous change in the strength of the spectral lines over the course of an orbit, where the lines become weaker as the star is moving away from the observer. It may be caused by a strong stellar wind from the primary scattering the light from secondary when it is receding. This star is smaller than the primary, with about 7 times the mass of the Sun and 3.6 times the Sun's radius. Its stellar classification is B2 V, making this a main-sequence star.>>
Post by Ann » Thu Jan 31, 2019 7:59 am
Regulus is pretty darn oblate, too. Even though it is out-ovum-ed by Archernar.
Wikipedia wrote:
The primary of Regulus A has about 3.5 times the Sun's mass. It is spinning extremely rapidly, with a rotation period of only 15.9 hours, which causes it to have a highly oblate shape.[26] This results in so-called gravity darkening: the photosphere at Regulus' poles is considerably hotter, and five times brighter per unit surface area, than its equatorial region.[13] The star's surface at the equator rotates at about 320 kilometres per second (199 miles per second), or 96.5% of its critical angular velocity for break-up. It is emitting polarized light because of this.
You may or may not enjoy this video. The person who made it thought that Regulus is yellow-white.
The star Kepler 11145123 is the roundest natural object
ever measured in the universe. Illustration: Mark A. Garlick.
And now that I'm spinning wildly off topic...
Astro Bob wrote:
Prof. Laurent Gizon of the Max Planck Institute in Germany and his colleagues selected a slowly rotating star named Kepler 11145123. This hot and luminous star is more than twice the size of the Sun and rotates three times more slowly than the Sun. Naturally, the slower a star rotates, the less flattened it becomes. Some stars like Altair in Aquila the Eagle (in the Summer Triangle) rotate so quickly — 10 hours in this case — they look more like footballs than globes.
NASA's Kepler mission kept tabs on the star for more than four years. Its instruments were so sensitive they could detect different pulsations depending on the latitude (distance north or south of the equator) they examined. Think of a plucked string, which can vibrate at many different frequencies or modes. The technique of determining what goes on beneath the surface of stars using their pulsations is called asteroseismology.
Comparing the frequencies of low-latitude regions vs. those of high latitudes, they were able to show that the difference in the star's radius — the distance from center to edge — is only 1.86 miles (3 km) with a precision of 0.6 miles (1 km). Wow, now that's a sphere! Well, almost. Euclid would still furrow his brow at this sliver of imperfection, I suppose.
Cassini laid an egg in 1680
Post by neufer » Thu Jan 31, 2019 2:38 pm
Regulus is an oblate spheroid:
neufer wrote: ↑
<<The primary of Regulus A ... is spinning extremely rapidly, with a rotation period of only 15.9 hours, which causes it to have a highly oblate shape. This results in so-called gravity darkening: the photosphere at Regulus' poles is considerably hotter, and five times brighter per unit surface area, than its equatorial region. The star's surface at the equator rotates at about 320 kilometres per second, or 96.5% of its critical angular velocity for break-up. It is emitting polarized light because of this.>>
Spica is egg shaped like a Cassini oval:
<<Spica, also designated α Virginis, is a spectroscopic binary star and rotating ellipsoidal variable; a system whose two stars are so close together they are egg-shaped rather than spherical.>>
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassini_oval wrote:
<<A Cassini oval is defined as the set (or locus) of points in the plane such that the product [not the sum] of the distances to two fixed points is constant. This may be contrasted with an ellipse, for which the sum of the distances is constant, rather than the product. Cassini ovals are the special case of polynomial lemniscates when the polynomial used has degree 2. Cassini ovals are named after the astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini who studied them in 1680. Cassini believed that the Sun traveled around the Earth on one of these ovals, with the Earth at one focus of the oval some seven decades after Kepler's Copernican ellipses
No hen ever laid an oblate spheroid egg.


text:
import { RowNode } from "../entities/rowNode";
import { Bean, PostConstruct } from "../context/context";
import { IsRowSelectable } from "../entities/gridOptions";
import { BeanStub } from "../context/beanStub";
import { find, exists } from "../utils/generic";

@Bean('selectableService')
export class SelectableService extends BeanStub {

    private groupSelectsChildren: boolean;
    private isRowSelectableFunc?: IsRowSelectable;

    @PostConstruct
    public init(): void {
        this.groupSelectsChildren = this.gridOptionsWrapper.isGroupSelectsChildren();
        this.isRowSelectableFunc = this.gridOptionsWrapper.getIsRowSelectableFunc();
    }

    public updateSelectableAfterGrouping(rowNode: RowNode): void {
        if (this.isRowSelectableFunc) {
            const nextChildrenFunc = (node: RowNode) => node.childrenAfterGroup;
            this.recurseDown(rowNode.childrenAfterGroup, nextChildrenFunc);
        }
    }

    public updateSelectableAfterFiltering(rowNode: RowNode): void {
        if (this.isRowSelectableFunc) {
            const nextChildrenFunc = (node: RowNode) => node.childrenAfterFilter;
            this.recurseDown(rowNode.childrenAfterGroup, nextChildrenFunc);
        }
    }

    private recurseDown(children: RowNode[] | null, nextChildrenFunc: ((rowNode: RowNode) => RowNode[] | null)): void {
        if (!children) { return; }

        children.forEach((child: RowNode) => {

            if (!child.group) { return; } // only interested in groups

            if (child.hasChildren()) {
                this.recurseDown(nextChildrenFunc(child), nextChildrenFunc);
            }

            let rowSelectable: boolean;

            if (this.groupSelectsChildren) {
                // have this group selectable if at least one direct child is selectable
                const firstSelectable = find(nextChildrenFunc(child), 'selectable', true);
                rowSelectable = exists(firstSelectable);
            } else {
                // directly retrieve selectable value from user callback
                rowSelectable = this.isRowSelectableFunc ? this.isRowSelectableFunc(child) : false;
            }

            child.setRowSelectable(rowSelectable);
        });
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Currently we have two 20 foot containers that are available for medium - long term storage. They are under 24 hour surveillance located in a corner of our secure yard. Access to the storage units currently is during our normal hours of operation (Monday - Saturday 7.30am - 5.30pm).


Only items that are in unused, unopened and in new condition may be returned.
All returns must be within 10 days of original purchase.
Copy of the original invoice must be included with your return.
Shipping charges are not refundable. Return shipping charges are the responsibility of the sender.
IMMORTAL AIR™ will cover shipping charges only if there was an error on our part.
When your item arrives, it should be inspected carefully. If there is any damage due to shipping, it must be reported to the freight company immediately.
All returns must be accompanied by a Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA) number. You must email our customer service department at sales@immortalair.com with your invoice number and the reason for the return in order to be issued an RMA number.
The original invoice must be included with your package along with the RMA# clearly written on it. Items without this information will be refused and returned to the customer at his expense.
The item must be packaged properly for shipping. In other words, it must be returned in a similar manner in which it was shipped to you. ( Use of packing peanuts, bubble wrap and a shipping box) Do Not put shipping labels directly on the item.
Shipping insurance is the responsibility of the customer. If UPS is the freight provider used, it will automatically be covered up to a $100 value.


text:
Home Tags Osaka
Tag: osaka
Traditional Japanese Crafts in Osaka: Tenugui make great summer souvenirs
JAPAN Forward - June 27, 2022
Osaka's "Nakani" shop creates the patterns on the tenugui hand towels using a technique called "chusen," which is said to have been invented in Osaka in the Meiji period (1868-1912). Often just a simple...
Super Tamade! Osaka's Balls-Out Supermarket Experience.
Rebecka Wolfe - April 20, 2022
The first visit to any Japanese supermarket is always exciting. The abundance of the same foods you pay a fortune for back home; more varieties of mayonnaise than you can count. And... are those... tentacles? However, Osaka prefecture...
Love Thy Neighborhood: The Complex History of Osaka's Nishinari District
Rebecka Wolfe - April 8, 2022
At night, from atop the vertiginous heights of the Abeno Harukas mega-tower, the lights of Osaka shine to the horizon, almost into infinity. Highways glow with pulsing electricity, like arteries carrying the city's lifeblood from district to district. The Abeno tower is...
Shinsekai District – An Osaka Walking Guide
Will Heath - January 6, 2022
Despite Tokyo being known for its blend of old and new Japan, Osaka is just as dynamic a modern city as its big sister is. Turn any corner in Osaka and you're in danger of falling into an entirely different world, time,...
Halloween in Japan: Gotta Catch 'em All!
Rebecka Wolfe - October 30, 2021
There's a different kind of magic in the air as crisp and golden October dissolves into the chillier winds of November. For many, the reason for the season is the festival of Halloween. Originating from the Gaelic rite of Samhain, Halloween exists...
A Complete Osaka Weekend Itinerary
Will Heath - October 18, 2021
Osaka is a vast, vivid, and vibrant city. Home to Japan's comedy scene, a roaring arena of bars and clubs, and some of the most photogenic neon-soaked streets, Osaka is the perfect weekend getaway. Big enough to keep you busy for two...
Front Row Seats For Neon: A Dotonbori River Cruise
Jade Miles - September 12, 2020
In 1612, an Osakan man by the name of Yasui Doton began work on a canal to connect two nearby rivers and increase commerce to his part of town. Though he died in battle before completing his plan, the canal was later...
Daru-madness at О̄saka's Katsuōji Temple.
Rebecka Wolfe - September 4, 2020
Thousands of 'used' Daruma? Welcome to the mountain temple of Katsuō-ji. One could say with confidence that the temple of Katsuō-ji could be classed as an 'under the radar' type of location. When people...
Back to the Futurism: It's still the 1990's in Osaka's Den Den Town.
Rebecka Wolfe - August 30, 2020
While many people will recognise Akihabara as Tokyo's centre for all things 'otaku', Osaka harbours its own, lesser-known tech-geek paradise. With its home-grown and grassroots atmosphere, Den Den Town is the embodiment of the best of the Dirty South.
Osaka Castle: A Guide to the Park and Museum
Will Heath - August 18, 2020
Many of the world's most famous and captivating cities have a single landmark that stands tall and dominates the skylines. This landmark defines the city's atmosphere, history, and beauty. For Paris, it's the Eiffel Tower; for London, it's Big Ben. Tokyo has...
A Thousand Glittering Treasures at Kyoto's Sanjusangendo Temple
Shining, Shimmering Wonder at Candeo Hotels Nagasaki
The Artizon Museum: Experiencing Creativity in Tokyo
Harajuku Art Scene: Ukiyo-e Ota Memorial Museum of Art
Myoshin-ji Temple and Taizo-in's Garden: Kyoto's Past, Perfectly Preserved.
Exploring Yokohama's Minato Mirai: All aboard the Nippon Maru
Doza and Shianbashi: Secret Shrines and Nagasaki Nightlife


This guide comprises the simplest manners of We Know elimination. Besides that, we will tell you what We Know is and how to protect your OS from it at the end of the article. The thorough advice about how to uninstall adware from user's computer and from the most widespread browsers as Google Chrome and Safari are here too.
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2) Copy and paste each of these commands into the terminal application window.
3) Restart your computer and launch Google Chrome.
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text:
Q: Quantile Regression in Python for Multiple Quantiles Simultaneously I'd like to perform quantile regression of multiple quantiles simultaneously. Statsmodels API offers quantile regression for a single quantile. Is there some way I can use it for multiple quantiles simultaneously?
More specifically, I'd like to optimize the following equations:

A: I don't think I have an optimum solution, but I may be close. Based on that cost function, it seems like you are trying to fit one coefficient matrix (beta) and several intercepts (b_k). I would do this by first fitting a quantile regression line to the median (q = 0.5), then fitting the other quantile regression lines to the residuals. I understand this isn't "simultaneously", but perhaps its close enough. see below:
X = np.random.randn(100)
Y = X + 0.1*np.random.randn(100)
data = pd.DataFrame(dict(X1=X, Y=Y))
mod = smf.quantreg('Y ~ X1', data)
original_model = mod.fit(q=0.5)
resids = pd.DataFrame(dict(resid=original_model.resid))
residual_model = smf.quantreg('resid ~ 1', resids)
quantiles = {q:residual_model.fit(q=q).params for q in np.arange(0.1,1.,0.1)}
prediction_q0.1 = original_model.predict(data) + quantiles[0.1]

prediction_q0.1 yields the prediction for the 10th quantile
The resulting pretty quantile plot:

for quantiles 0.1:0.9. Notice how they are all parallel, as the only differentiating feature is the bias term.

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Q: Combine git commits on same line in same file from 2 branches into 1 branch I am trying to resolve a complex issue with git that is probably most easily explained with a hypothetical situation:
Lets say I have a master branch with a single file that contains a single line:
x=1

The value of x is updated in each commit, and the master branch tagged according:
Tag=v1
x=1

Tag=v2
x=2

Tag=v3
x=3

Now, I need to create a retrospective tag at a commit I am pulling in from a feature branch I created from the v1 tag on the master branch.
Tag=v1.1
x=1.1

Such that the history on the master branch is:
Tag=v1
x=1

Tag=v1.1
x=1.1

Tag=v2
x=2

Tag=v3
x=3

From my testing, this doesn't seem to be possible, because operations like cherry-pick, merge and rebase will always fail with a conflict, as git doesn't know which change to the single line has precedence.
Is this possible? The only option I can see is to do a HARD reset and re-apply the changes with new commits, which isn't practical in my real world situation.

A: This was a tricky one. I was able to rebase successfully without manually resolving conflicts. Note: you will have to move tags so it might not be the best solution.
git rebase -i -X theirs -k --root
Select edit on first commit. Insert any edits then git rebase --continue

-i: interactive rebase
  -X theirs: tells the merge algorithm which version to pick in 3-way merge
  -k: preserve empty commits
  --root: May not be necessary in the real environment. In your example you are inserting after first commit