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Holiday Home Sweden, Bohuslän, Hjälteby: "Lilla Slättebacken "
This domicile is located at the island of Tjörn at the West Coast of Sweden and consists of two houses. We can see here the smaller of them.
The holiday home "Lilla Slättebacken" consists of kitchen, a living room with convertible sofa, WC/shower as well as a small bedroom.
Both holiday homes share a large garden property, but with a store building, dividing the property partially into two parts.
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Holidays at the West Coast at a location, which is very peaceful for this region, is promised by the holiday home "Lilla Slättebacken " in Bohuslän. .


text:
Congressman Benjamin Gilman, friend of Tibet passes away
By International Campaign for Tibet|December 19, 2016|
The Dalai Lama with Congressman Benjamin Gilman (to his right) and Congressman Charlie Rose during one of their several meetings.
Former Congressman Benjamin A. Gilman, a friend of His Holiness the Dalai Lama and a long-time supporter of the Tibetan people, passed away in Wappingers Falls, N.Y., on December 17, 2016. He was 94.
Benjamin Gilman represented New York's 20th congressional district for more than 30 years. From 1995 to 2002, he served as Chairman of the House International Relations Committee (now renamed as House Foreign Affairs Committee) and from his position regularly convened policy discussions on Tibet and introduced or helped pass key landmark legislation relating to Tibet, working with his colleagues in the House Charlie Rose, Tom Lantos, John Porter, Nancy Pelosi, Chris Smith, Frank Wolf, and others.
During a Hearing on the Status of Negotiations between China and Tibet in April 2000, one of many such hearings that he convened on Tibet as Chairman of the House International Relations Committee, Congressman Gilman explained his interest saying, "The Tibetan cause enjoys the global support that it does because it is a courageous attempt by a Nation and a people who are trying to regain what is rightfully theirs by throwing off the repression of colonization. It is in the interest of international stability to have Tibet once again serve as it had for 2000 years as a buffer zone strategically placed between India and China."
He also hosted the third World Parliamentarians Convention on Tibet in Washington, D.C. in April 1997, participated by members of Parliament from several countries. Congressman Gilman visited Dharamsala in August 1997 and during that visit he met the Dalai Lama and representatives of the Tibetan leadership.
In 2003, following his retirement from Congress, the Dalai Lama bestowed upon Congressman Gilman the International Campaign for Tibet's Light of Truth Award, at a special event in Washington, D.C., for his outstanding contributions to the public understanding of Tibet and the plight of the Tibetan people.
He is survived by his wife of 19 years, Georgia, three children from his first marriage; two stepchildren; and 11 grandchildren.

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text:
The Assassin's Curse
3.68 (18,405 ratings by Goodreads)
Strange Chemistry
By (author) Cassandra Rose Clarke
CD-Audio US$8.45
Ananna of the Tanarau abandons ship when her parents try to marry her off to an allying pirate clan: she wants to captain her own boat, not serve as second-in-command to her handsome yet clueless fiance. But her escape has dire consequences when she learns the scorned clan has sent an assassin after her. And when the assassin, Naji, finally catches up with her, things get even worse. Ananna inadvertently triggers a nasty curse - with a life-altering result. Now Ananna and Naji are forced to become uneasy allies as they work together to break the curse and return their lives back to normal. Or at least as normal as the lives of a pirate and an assassin can be.
Format Paperback | 350 pages
Publisher Angry Robot
Imprint Strange Chemistry
Publication City/Country Botley, United Kingdom
Bestsellers rank 106,141
Review quote
"Unique, heart-wrenching, full of mysteries and twists!" - Tamora Pierce
About Cassandra Rose Clarke
Cassandra Rose Clarke is a speculative fiction writer and occasional teacher living amongst the beige stucco and overgrown pecan trees of Houston, Texas. She is a graduate of the 2010 Clarion West Writers Workshop, and she holds a master's degree in creative writing from the The University of Texas at Austin. Her short fiction has appeared in Strange Horizons.
5 24% (4,327)
2 9% (1,579)
1 3% (640)
Ananna dreams of being Captain of her own ship one day, so marrying Tarrin, a marriage arranged by her parents, is something she really doesn't want to do. So, she runs from her betrothed, by stealing a camel and running, or should I say, riding, away. She doesn't know what she's going to do now, just that she can't go back to her parents and that Tarrin's family will most likely have assassins on her tail before long. Naji, the assassin sent after Ananna, has a curse on him. He will be bound to protect the person who will one day save his life, and will feel unmerciful pain when that person is put in danger. And during his attack on Ananna, she saves his life from a snake. And so begins a trip across the dessert, across the ocean and to the Isle of the Sky, to find someone who can lift the curse. The threat of another assassin coming after Ananna or "the mists", coming after Naji, is with them all the time. The Assassin's Curse was an awesome read. I found Ananna to be a fantastic heroine. She's a pirate, she's strong, brave and handy with a knife or sword. She's also ambitious and not afraid of speaking her mind. The Assassin, Naji, is broody and mysterious. A scar down one side of his face adds vulnerability to what is otherwise a tough exterior. He is very self concious of it, and wears a mask most of the time. This vulnerable side made him so much more appealing and I loved him. I thoroughly enjoyed the interactions and relationship of Naji and Ananna. While there's no romance and revelation of feelings between the two, I know they're there for Ananna and feel they are also present for Naji, I'm definitely hoping they are anyway. The Assassin's Curse is fast paced with a dose of action and angst plus Naji keeps us guessing throughout with all the secrets he keeps. What's coming in the next book, The Pirate's Wish, seems really good and I'm really looking forward to it.show more
by Suzanne Finnegan
Ananna was 17 and the daughter of pirates. She loved the sea and the pirate life, but her parents tried to marry her off to another pirate clan so she had to leave. It was risky to have the first person voice have Ananna's accent (improper English with ain't used throughout). I think it worked pretty well. The voice was definitely unique. Would I want every book I read to talk like that? No, definitely not. It would get old really fast, but for this book it worked. Ananna was so brazen, funny, tomboyish, and tough. She could also be kind and a fiercely loyal friend. She really grew on me. The romance was painfully slow and aggravating. Naji was interesting and very mysterious. The swearing annoyed me. I felt like it was frequent, but I guess it could be compared to a PG-13 movie. The ending was frustrating, but honestly I'm hooked. This was a great book, very unique and exciting. I will definitely be reading book two when it comes out next summer. Content Ratings: sexual: mild language: moderate violence: moderate other: mildshow more
by Clean Teen Fiction
The Assassin's Curse is filled with action and characters that are fascinating. Ananna of the Tanarau is the main character - she's a pirate and a thief and then there is that pesky price on her head. That right there makes for a good story. Then comes the assassin, Naji, who is dark and mysterious and is sporting some serious scars - an even better storyline emerges. While the book is a quick read and it feels light and easy to read - it's not filled with fluff. There are some emotional storylines for both of the characters and then combining their problems makes for more emotions to run wild. As the book description states there is a curse that they are trying to break - and curses mean magic! The magic in the story is just as interesting and has it's own differences from other stories. The ending came too quick for me and I want more - good thing it's the start to a series, a pleasant surprise for me! ARC reviewed by Jessica for Book Sake. Book Received: For free from publisher in exchange for an honest reviewshow more


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One of the oldest African-American schools in Florida is hosting a fundraising gala for students.
St. Peter Claver is both a church and a school that has been serving the Tampa community for 125 years. It's the oldest African-American school still operating in the Sunshine State.
On Saturday, November 10, they will host a huge fundraising event and the proceed will go to scholarships for students.
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Federal agents in Tampa are providing some details on the bust of what they say was a large, online criminal marketplace called xDedik.
"The dark web is a segment of the web used by criminals to buy things like you would use in a crime like guns, drugs, people, and identities," says Mary Hammond, speical agent in charge of the Internal Revenue Service Criminal Investigation office in Tampa.
Agents from the IRS and FBI in Tampa worked with the police in Belgium, Ukraine, and other countries to bring down the xDedik Marketplace.


Chroma-Q Color One 100 LED Pars Beam Brightly for Aladdin at Worthing's Connaught Theatre | A.C. Lighting Inc.
Chroma-Q Color One 100 LED Pars made their debut at Worthing's Connaught Theatre beaming bright, primary colours for an all-star production of Aladdin.
Originally an early cinema called the Picturedrome, in 1935 the venue was turned into a theatre when the Worthing Repertory Company outgrew its own premises – bringing with it the name Connaught Theatre. Last year's pantomime, Aladdin, starred singer Jon Lee of multi-million selling band S Club 7, alongside Britain's Got Talent semi-finalists Kieran Sutcliffe and Sarah Jameson.
The Color One 100™ LED Pars were purchased for use in the venue's Studio Theatre, but made their debut in the main auditorium for the panto, to provide bright and comprehensive stage coverage.
The Chroma-Q® Color One 100 features an innovative fully homogenised beam virtually eliminating the colour separation and shadows synonymous with LED lighting – delivering above Par performance from ONE source.
The extensive RGBA colour-mixing palette delivers deep-cold blues, red-hot lava looks and super-soft pastels, as well as a complete range of whites. In addition, the high CRI of 93 ensures extremely accurate colour matching.
With theatrical grade dimming, convection cooling for near-silent operation, a versatile mounting yoke and a choice of IP20 / IP65 models, the Color One 100 is ideal for numerous entertainment lighting applications.
Worthing Borough Council, which operates the Connaught under Worthing Theatres, were attracted by the Color One 100s as part of an effort to reduce the venue's energy consumption. Martin first encountered the Color One 100 fixtures at the PLASA London tradeshow last year.
The Color One 100 fixtures were supplied by Chroma-Q UK dealer, A.C. Entertainment Technologies (AC-ET) Ltd.
The Chroma-Q range of premium performance solutions is designed and built to exacting standards in North America, and has been adopted by many leading designers and specifiers for some of today's most demanding and prestigious lighting applications – including opera, theatre, TV, venues, touring, events, or other sectors. As a result of this, the brand has received awards from several industry associations.


text:
Michał Cieślak is a Polish professional boxer who challenged for the WBC cruiserweight title in 2020 and the WBO cruiserweight title in February 2022. As of June 2020, he is ranked as the world's eighth best active cruiserweight by the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board, ninth by BoxRec and tenth by The Ring.

Professional career
Cieślak made his professional debut on 29 June 2013, scoring a four-round unanimous decision (UD) victory over Lukasz Zygmunt at the Amfiteatr in Ostróda, Poland. All three judges scored the bout 39–36.

After compiling a record of 8–0 (4 KOs) he defeated Jarno Rosberg on 22 August 2015 at the Amfiteatr in Międzyzdroje, Poland, capturing the vacant Republic of Poland Youth International cruiserweight title via first-round knockout (KO).

Cieślak was booked to face Shawn Cox on 26 September 2015, on the undercard of a Polsat Sport pay per view broadcast card. He won the fight by a first-round knockout, stopping Cox before the midway point of the opening round. Cieślak face another journeyman, Hamza Wandera, on 27 November 2015. He made quick work of his opponent, as he won the fight by a second-round technical knockout.

Cieślak faced the one-time WBC cruiserweight title challenger Francisco Palacios on 2 April 2016. He won the fight by a fourth-round technical knockout. A month later, on 28 May 2016, Cieślak faced Alexander Kubich. He won the fight by a ninth-round technical knockout. Cieślak faced Iluian Ilie on 17 September 2016, and won the fight by a second-round technical knockout.

Cieślak faced Nikodem Jezewski for the vacant IBF Baltic, and Republic of Poland cruiserweight titles on 10 December 2016 at the Hala Orbita in Wrocław, Poland. Cieślak defeated Jezewski via third-round technical knockout (TKO). On 9 January it was revealed both fighters had failed their respective drug tests. They were both subsequently suspended for one year with Cieślak's win being overturned and ruled a no contest (NC).

He returned to action in October 2017, scoring a UD victory against Ivica Bacurin. Cieślak secured another three wins, two by stoppage, before facing Ilunga Makabu for the vacant WBC cruiserweight title on 31 January 2020 at the Temporary Arena in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of The Congo. Cieślak suffered the first defeat of his career, losing by UD, with the scorecards reading 116–111, 115–111 and 114–112.

Following his failed title bid, Cieślak was booked to face Taylor Mabika. The fight was scheduled as the main event of a PolSat Sport broadcast card on 5 December 2020. He successfully bounced back from his first professional loss with a sixth-round technical knockout of Mabika. Cieślak was next scheduled to face Yury Kashinsky on 15 May 2021. He won the fight by a first-round technical knockout.

Cieślak is scheduled to challenge the reigning WBO cruiserweight champion Lawrence Okolie in the main event of a DAZN broadcast card on 27 February 2022.

Professional boxing record

References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Date of birth missing (living people)
Polish male boxers
Cruiserweight boxers
Sportspeople from Masovian Voivodeship
People from Radom

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Change Text of Xamarin Forms Label based on bool value I am trying to have a label which can have two different text values. I  will display one of the two based on a bool. I am aware that I can create a binding to my viewmodel which could have a property (e.g. LabelText) which can be changed. However I would need to set the text inside the viewmodel in that case and that feels a bit messy.
I am looking for some kind of converter (IValueConverter) that binds a bool on the text property and has two string Parameters. The converter then chooses the right string for the Text of the label. However, to my knowledge, it is not possible to have more than one parameter on a converter?
Any Ideas how to solve this in a clean fashion? Maybe somehow by subclassing Label, but how?

A: I would more prefer the Trigger on this case than the IValueConverter. Because with trigger you can have your Text inside the view itself. So If you want to change; you don't have to go find the logic outside of that label.
<Label Text="Hello World!">
            <Label.Triggers>
                    <DataTrigger TargetType="Label" Binding="{Binding IsActive}" Value="false">
                        <Setter Property="Text"  Value="Not Active" />
                    </DataTrigger>
                    <DataTrigger TargetType="Label" Binding="{Binding IsActive}" Value="true">
                        <Setter Property="Text"  Value="Active" />
                    </DataTrigger>
                </Label.Triggers>

</Label>

So here you are binding the Trigger with your Boolean property in your VM. If its True or False whenever it changes it would trig that trigger.
Just to let you know; You can even change other properties too! Lets say If you want to change the Color as well ? So this could be even more better solution for you than to use ValueConverter in this case.
Hope this helps. Let me know If you need more help.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


You are here: Home / BetterTyres / Dangerous Tyre Shock!
Rebecca at the Rotorua Daily Post newspaper has recently written a story about extremely dangerous tyres that are so bad that they have compelled Taupo tyreshops to ask for police intervention and literally stunned Taupo Police. The police have responded by appealing to the public to check their tyres before long journeys, check their tyres regularly and immediately replace defective tyres.
The Campaign for Better tyres thinks all of this is great, albeit overwhelmingly naïve. Previously New Zealand had 6 monthly Warrant of Fitness inspections which ensured that safety issues were caught before they got out of control; but the new regime of yearly and 3 yearly WOF inspections ensures that bad situations with tyres have time to get immensely dangerous. Yes, motorists are responsible for their vehicles safety and to maintain them in a WOF compliant state at all times; but expecting this of everyone betrays an ignorance of life's realities.
Consumers have many demands on their finances and many folks are on a tight budget where needs for vehicle maintenance are inevitably traded off against rates demands, rent, school fees and food etc. Many vehicles do not have a 6 monthly professional service where tyre faults could be identified and many motorists do not have the knowledge or facilities to check tyres thoroughly. The gold standard for checking tyres safety is to raise a vehicle on a hoist so you can stand under it and slowly rotate the tyres while inspecting them with a high powered light; that is how you find cuts, chips, tread seperation, punctures, wheel alignment damage and if a tyre is "out of round". It also facilitates an accurate measurement of tread depth over the entire tyre.
Sure, you can look at the tyres when the vehicle is on the ground and get a general idea of tyre condition, but to do this properly one has to lie on the ground so you can see the inside edge of the tyres where wheel alignment damage often occurs. But even if you do this, which is physically impossible for many people, you still will not sight most cuts/slits, uneven wear and issues with tread separation.
The Campaign for Better Tyres raised concerns about reduced WOF frequency and the subsequent decline in tyre safety back on 22-04-2013 https://tyresales.co.nz/2013/04/22/new-wof-test-rule-dangers/ and it seems all of our concerns have come to fruition. Every day tyre shops are confronted with dangerous tyres that motorists unaware of: some of them even decline to replace their dangerous tyres because their WOF is still current.
There are three possible solutions to this situation, the naïve option being to educate the public on tyre safety, conduct aggressive road side wof checks with punitive fines or reinstitute 6 monthly WOF checks which will actually help motorists by the timely identification of vehicle faults and establish parameters for the timely rectification of such faults. The Campaign for Better Tyres is firmly of the opinion that 6 monthly Warrant of Fitness checks should be reintroduced as soon as possible.


text:
Q: How can I merge two columns in R? My dataframe has 2 columns which look similar to this:
a    b

NA   NA
yes  NA
no   NA
yes  NA
NA   yes
NA   no
NA   NA
Na   yes

What I would then like as output is:
ab

NA
yes
no
yes
yes
no
NA
yes

Note that:

*

*In the original columns, there will always be an NA in any given row.

*For certain rows both columns will be NA

Any idea how I could get to the desired output?

A: *

*dplyr::coalesce
> with(dat, dplyr::coalesce(a, b))
[1] NA    "yes" "no"  "yes" "yes" "no"  NA    "yes"

*

*ifelse for base R

> with(dat, ifelse(!is.na(a), a, ifelse(!is.na(b), b, NA)))
[1] NA    "yes" "no"  "yes" "yes" "no"  NA    "yes"

*

*max.col for base R

> dat[cbind(1:nrow(dat), max.col(!is.na(dat)))]
[1] NA    "yes" "no"  "yes" "yes" "no"  NA    "yes"

A: Using dplyr you can wrap it pretty neatly:
library(dplyr)

df %>% rowwise() %>% summarize(ab = max(a,b, na.rm = T))

A: dat <- data.frame(a = c(NA, "yes", "no", "yes", NA, NA, NA, NA),
                  b = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, "yes", "no", NA, "yes"))

require(tidyverse)

dat %>%
  rowwise() %>%
  mutate(ab = max(a,b, na.rm = TRUE))

A: Use apply:
> apply(df, 1, max, na.rm=TRUE)
[1] NA    "yes" "no"  "yes" "yes" "no"  NA    "yes"

Assignment:
df$ab <- apply(df, 1, max, na.rm=TRUE)

A: # Import data: df => data.frame
df <- structure(list(a = c(NA, "yes", "no", "yes", NA, NA, NA, NA),
b = c(NA, NA, NA, NA, "yes", "no", NA, "yes")), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-8L))

# Function to coalesce vectors: br_coalesce => function
br_coalesce <- function(...){
   # Coalesce vectors or data.frames: res => vector
   res <- Reduce(function(x, y) {
         x <- replace(x, is.na(x), y[is.na(x)])
      },
      list(...)
   )
   # Explicitly define returned vectors: character vector => env
   return(res)
}

# Apply function: character vector / data.frame => stdout(console)
br_coalesce(df$a, df$b)

Tidyverse solution:
library(tidyverse)
df %>%
   transmute(res = coalesce(a, b))

data.table solution:
library(data.table)
fcoalesce(df$a, df$b)


text:
Animal rights group rallies outside courthouse
Group there to follow case against a woman facing charges relating to seized dogs
Animal rights activists gathered outside Red Deer's courthouse on Friday where a woman facing charges related to harbouring distressed dogs made an appearance.
Red Deer Animal Rights Advocates wants federal and provincial laws changed to declare companion animals as sentient beings. They want to see higher care standards and stiffer penalties for animal abusers.
A spokeswoman, who did not want to be identified, said they do not believe that animals should be sold as pets.
"I don't feel they should be for sale any more than humans should be for sale."
Activists also want to see pet stores banned from buying animals from breeders. Animals should come from shelters, she said.
Inside the courthouse, Karin Leeanna Adams was making a first appearance on four charges of breaching court conditions. She remains in custody and is due back in court on those charges as well as others on Tuesday.
Adams is also facing a number of charges in connection with an incident in Innisfail in July that saw police seize eight distressed dogs from a hotel room.
It is alleged that Adams had the dogs despite court-imposed conditions to not possess animals. Adams is also facing charges of impersonating a police officer, mischief, criminal harassment, intimidation of a justice system participant and breaches of release conditions.
She also faces a pair of Traffic Safety Act charges.
Adams and her daughter, Catherine, are currently under a 20-year ban from owning animals in that province, dating from a 2015 case in Houston, B.C.
The animal rights activist said her group intends to show up at each of Adams' court appearances. They hope their efforts will send a message why changes to the laws around animals are needed.
WATCH: Man sentenced to two years in prison for helping killers flee in 2006
No need for permanent overdose prevention site say over half of poll respondents
Forge FC has sold star midfielder Tristan Borges, the leading scorer and…


This dissertation considered what contribution John Paul II made towards the cause of the environment.
the hand of the Creator in nature and to appreciate His sacred presence in all things.
about the great riches which the Church has to bring to the environmental debate.
support and Canon Charles Acton for his patience and proof reading.
CARSON, R., Silent Spring, New York, 1962.
ECHLIN, E., Earth Spirituality – Jesus at the Centre, Berkhamsted, 1999.
MICHAELSON, G., the Churches, Geneva, 1992.
RASMUSSEN, L., (eds), Minneapolis, 2001.
JOHN PAUL II Encyclical Letter Redemptoris Hominis, London, 1979.
JOHN PAUL II Gift and Mystery, London, 1996.
JOHN PAUL II Memory and Identity, Personal Reflections, London, 2005.
JOHN PAUL II Roman Triptych – Meditations, London 2003.
McDONAGH, S., The Greening of the Church, London, 1990.
of the twentieth-century world, London, 2000.
MOLTMANN, J., God in Creation, An Ecological Doctrine of Creation, London, 1995.
NORTHCOTT, M., The Environment and Christian Ethics, Cambridge, 1996.
PONTIFICAL COUNCIL Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church, London, 2004.
All Scripture quotations are taken from The Jerusalem Bible, London, 1966.
of Peace, reproduced in The Pope Speaks, Vol. 35, Vatican, 1990.
JOHN PAUL II and Common Declaration on the Environment, June 10, 2002.
The Christian View of Ecology, Wheaton, Illinois, 1970, pp. 117-125.
WHITE, L. Jr, The Historical Roots of Our Ecologic Crisis, reproduced in F.A.
of Ecology, Wheaton, Illinois, 1970, pp. 97-115.
A SILENT SPRING AND A SILENT CHURCH?
Council, another event of radical importance took place across the ocean in the United States.
pesticides such as DDT on the entire ecosystem, including humans.
1 R. CARSON, Silent Spring, New York 1962 (revised ed. 2002), p. 6.
and reverence for creation but that also it has much to learn from the prophetic voices of others.
we still retain a "Christian mentality" in our attitudes and behaviour towards the environment.
paganism, whereby every tree, spring, stream and hill was believed to have its own sacred spirit.
Death of Man – The Christian View of Ecology, Wheaton, Illinois, 1970, p 107.
Francis, whom he proposes as the most worthy patron saint for ecologists.
searching examination of conscience as regards her contribution to the ecological crisis.
Death of Man – The Christian View of Ecology, Wheaton, Illinois, 1970, p 114.
9 S. McDONAGH, To Care for the Earth: A Call to a New Theology, London, 1986, p.130.
10 VATICAN II, Gaudium et Spes, n. 57.
12 R. L. MEANS, Why Worry about Nature?, Saturday Review, December 2, 1967 reproduced in F.A.
SCHAEFFER, Pollution and the Death of Man – The Christian View of Ecology, Wheaton, Illinois, 1970, p.117.
Documentary History, Maryknoll, N.Y., 1992, p.50.
role in society by fulfilling the role of moral guide.
property is not to serve personal greed but is to be held in stewardship for the benefit of all.
environment is not yet identified in QA as a concern of Catholic social teaching.
Magistra (hereafter MM) addressed a radically altered political, social and economic landscape.
initial conquest of interplanetary space.(n.47).
locally is promoted in opposition to political and economic centralisation.
the needs of agriculture and rural populations rather than a focus purely on industrial workers.
industry in ever richer supply. (n.144).
technology that has already been achieved opens up almost limitless horizons in this field.
achievements deserves ungrudging admiration; nor is he yet at the end of his resources.
who are striving to escape from hunger, misery, endemic diseases and ignorance" (n.1).
mercy of decision-makers in developed nations.
need for co-operation with non-Catholic organisations).
is no suggestion of mutual dependence here.
poor who should always be the Church's primary concern.
point for all political, economic and social endeavour.
rejection of greed and selfishness.
concern for the needs of the rich and the powerful.
the prevailing trends towards centralisation and globalisation.
as concerning the whole human person and all people.
7) The promotion of human obligations and not only human rights.
industrialisation and of the effects of this destruction on humanity and creation as a whole.
these environmental challenges which this paper will now turn.
was a contribution which John Paul II expressed in both word and action.
and perseveringly put into effect by Paul VI" (n.3).
14 VATICAN II, Gaudium et Spes, n.22.
humanity, despite its apparent technological progress, is in fact regressing spiritually and morally.
15 JOHN PAUL II, Redemptor Hominis, London, 1979, n.15.
violated, John Paul argues, all forms of life are at risk.
17 VATICAN II, Gaudium et Spes, n.12.
environment and reclaim its God-given role as steward of creation.
21 c.f. VATICAN COUNCIL II: Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, Lumen Gentium, nn.10 and 36.
of man and the Redeemer of the world.
problem and teaches that this is one which all Christians have a moral responsibility to address.
vision for humanity within creation.
The Documentary History, Maryknoll, N.Y., 1992, p.395.
24 JOHN PAUL II, Sollicitudo Rei Socialis, N.34.
to biological laws but also to moral ones, which cannot be violated with impunity.
traditional reading of these texts.
ground-breaking contribution of John Paul's 1990 Message for the 1990 World Day of Peace.
26 See S. McDONAGH, The Greening of the Church, New York, 1990, p.180.
created order. If man is not at peace with God, then earth itself cannot be at peace.
the ecological crisis, especially between developing and industrialised nations.
individual and collective greed and selfishness can only have disastrous consequences for all.
expression and religion, but also the fundamental right to a clean and secure environment.
essentials like water will become a cause of war.
Catholic to include a personal and collective responsibility to care for and protect the environment.
advance in the Catholic Church's teaching and practice related to the environment.
Thought – The Documentary History, Maryknoll, N.Y., 1992, p 467.
safeguard the rest of the natural environment.
42 VATICAN II, Gaudium et Spes, 76; cf. JOHN PAUL II, Redemptor Hominis, n.13.
Environment, June 10, 2002 at http://conservation.catholic.org/declaration.htm (access 28/03/08).
humanity of his profound faith lived out in bold and prophetic actions.
deeper level still, a sign of reverence for the created world which binds together all of humanity.
was offered for him to kiss as the first act of each pilgrimage abroad.
47 cf. JOHN PAUL II, Memory and Identity, Personal Reflections, London, 2005, pp.65-71.
as the 'Psalm of the Sun' suggests: "The heavens are telling the glory of God...[Ps.
reproduced in The Pope Speaks, Vol. 24, 1979, p.339.
be at the heart of humanity's renewed relationship with the rest of creation.
55 JOHN PAUL II, Redemptor Hominis, n. 16.
material terms and therefore to be used for selfish personal gain like any other commodity.
with the rest of creation.
ecological conversion of attitudes and behaviour.
previously failed to do, that care for all creation is an integral part of their Christian faith.
debate, it also needed to learn from the wisdom of others.
accelerated within the Church by John Paul's personal concern for the care of the environment.
In 1892, a year after the publication of Rerum Novarum, a Chicago businessman, W.P.
industrialisation. Nature instead was seen as an inexhaustible and ever-renewable resource.
neglect of human responsibility have produced.
community on a sickened, toxic planet.
59 S. McDONAGH, The Greening of the Church, London, p.182.
place care for creation in opposition to respect for human life.
regard the Church as being in part responsible for the current state of affairs.
including water. It seems that the earth may be reaching breaking point.
60 See S. McDONAGH, The Greening of the Church, p. 191.
contribution to the ecological debate.
published in L'Osservatore Romano, Vatican City, 19 December 2007, p. 8-9.
healthy environment article in L'Osservatore Romano, Vatican City, 19 December 2007, p.10.
politicians and economic leaders are still unable to rise above their own limiting vested interests.
particular problem without considering the effect of their intervention on the whole ecosystem.
the earth as God does, with love and wisdom.
63 JOHN PAUL II, An Appeal for World Conservation, The Catholic Weekly, Sydney, 9 August 1989.
64 See M. NORTHCOTT, The Environment and Christian Ethics, Cambridge, 1996, pp.42-47.


Tracklisting: Loud N' Clear; Loving You; Soldiers Under Command; Makes Me Wanna Sing; First Love; The Rock That Makes Me Roll; Reach Out; Surrender; To Hell With The Devil; Calling On You; Free; The Way; Sing Along Song; More Than A Man; Bleeding From Inside Out (New); Blackened (New).
Without a doubt, Stryper is one of the top Christian rock bands of all-time, and certainly the most celebrated Christian metal band of all time. Comprised of Michael Sweet (vocals/guitar), Oz Fox (guitar), Tim Gaines (bass), and Robert Sweet (drums), Stryper has been rocking since 1983, and is responsible for such '80s metal classic albums as 'Soldiers Under Command,' 'To Hell with the Devil,' In God We Trust,' and such MTV hit singles/videos as "Calling on You," "Free," and "Honestly." After a sabbatical for much of the 1990's, Stryper returned strong in the early 21st century. But it was not until their 2011 covers set, 'The Covering,' that the aforementioned definitive Stryper was reinstated, as the band welcomed Gaines back into the fold.
The sixteen track new album includes brand new recordings of fourteen Stryper classics plus two brand new songs recorded for this celebrative Best of release.
Covering songs from the first EP of the band "The Yellow and Black Attack", the follow up "Soldiers Under Command" and the following "To Hell With the Devil" along with two brand new tracks, "Second Coming" allows the youngest generation of fans of the band to become acquainted with the early band's repertoire offering some over the top classic performances enhanced in the XXIst Century production techniques.
Stryper frontman Michael Sweet has high hopes for what lays in store for Stryper. "We're really excited this record. The re-recorded songs are sounding awesome! Better than the originals in many ways!! One word to describe the record? Heavier. We're hooked up with some great people - we've got new management, a great album, a great label. We just feel like everything is coming together, and hopefully some big things are to follow."
ALL 41 is not just another project born of Frontiers' President Serafino Perugino's imaginative A&R mind, but is a project very close to the hearts of each musician involved.


AS, CTL is an export oriented company. Its major area of export is Africa, UAE, Gulf, European Union and America.
It has done huge tent export business in 1990 gulf war. The major chunk was exported to Kosovo & Turkey for Emergency Relief purposes. CTL has been awarded third position in top five exporters under canvas & tents category due to its remarkable export performance in the year 1998-99.
CTL has achieved number of supply targets for military and emergency relief Tents. Those includs the following which were completed well in time to UN agencies, Government agencies and to other sources.
Regular Supply of PVC Coated Fabric to many customers worldwide.
Regular Supply of Dyed / Waterproof Canvas Fabric to many customers worldwide.
Regular Supply of Textile Products like Canvas Tarpaulins, PVC Tarpaulins, Sheets, Home Textiles, Mops, Accessories to many customers worldwide.
Regular Supply of different types of Tents to our customers.
Tents for US Army during Gulf War in 1990.
Tents for US Air Force in Kosovo Crises in 1999.
Tents for Refugees for Turkish Earthquake 1999.
Tents for Refugees to Azerbaijan for US Aid in 2000.
Tents for US Army during Afghanistan Crises in 2002.
Tents for US Army during Iraq Crises in 2002.
Tents for Refugees to Algeria Earthquake in 2003.
Tents for US Army in Kuwait 2004.
Tents for Tsunami in Indonesia 2005.
Tents for Pakistan Earth Quack 2005.
Tents for Election Campaign Angola 2008.
Hospital Camps for Jordan 2009.
Tents for U.S Army in Afghanistan. 2009.


Overview: Oboz Footwear was founded on the idea that everything they do, from shoe technology to conservation projects, should be true to the trail. Since 2007 they have made the kinds of shoes they always wanted to have themselves. The Oboz Teewinot Hiking Shoe is a perfect mix of hiking boot and shoe for those day treks.
What Makes It Unique: The Oboz Teewinot Hiking Shoe is perfect for the mom or dad hauling a kid around the trail or camping gear to the site. The Teewinot is that perfect amount of support, enough to hike in all day but not to stiff where your feet start hurting. The treads on the Teewinot are no joke with a sticky rubber compound that will add that extra grip. The shoelaces go all the way down to give you the ability to precisely tighten the shoe. With room to spread your toes and a huge amount of arch support the Teewinot is a shoe that you could wear all weekend camping.


text:
import sys

des = '<input file name> [-p parts] [-c threshold]' + \
    '\n\tcompute average word count for each line, default will print out int average length, standard variance, max and min value, total line. ' + \
    '\n\tAnd divide the line into [parts] by word count, parts must large than 1 and odd, default is 2.' + \
    '\n\tAnd you can give threshold to count how much line\'s word count less than it.'

def check_params(argv):
	if len(argv) < 1:
		print 'leak params, please use like:', des
		return False
	return True

def handle(argv, opts):
	# check the params is right or not
	if not check_params(argv):
		return

	# params
	filename = argv[0]
	parts = 2
	threshold = -1
	if opts != None:
		for opt, arg in opts:
			if opt == '-p':
				parts = int(arg)
				if parts % 2 != 0:
					print '[Error] parts should be odd.'
					return
			elif opt == '-c':
			    threshold = int(arg)

	# var for count
	total_words, min_words, max_words = 0, sys.float_info.max, 0.0
	min_s, max_s = '', ''
	with open(argv[0], 'r') as fp:
		line_num = 0
		for line in fp:
			sentence = line.strip()
			count = sentence.count(' ') + 1
			if count < min_words:
				min_words, min_s = count, sentence
			if count > max_words:
				max_words, max_s = count, sentence
			total_words += count
			line_num += 1

	# statistics var
	avg, variance = float(total_words) / line_num, 0
	small_one_part, large_one_part = int((avg - min_words) / (parts / 2)) + 1, int((max_words - avg) / (parts / 2)) + 1,
	part_count = [0] * parts
	threshold_count = 0
	with open(argv[0], 'r') as fp:
		for line in fp:
			count = line.strip().count(' ') + 1
			variance += (count - avg) ** 2
			if count > avg:
				part_count[parts / 2 + int(count - avg) / large_one_part] += 1
			else:
				part_count[int(avg - count) / small_one_part] += 1
			if threshold != -1 and count < threshold:
				threshold_count += 1

	# print out result
	print 'The file is total', line_num, 'line.'
	print 'average word count for one line is' , avg
	print 'min word count', min_words
	print 'max word count', max_words
	print 'standard variance is', (variance / float(line_num)) ** 0.5
	print '\ntake the line into', parts, 'parts'
	print_table(min_words, small_one_part, max_words, large_one_part, part_count)
	if threshold != -1:
		print '\nthere are', threshold_count, 'line\'s word count less than', threshold

def print_table(min_words, small_one_part, max_words, large_one_part, part_count):
	for i in xrange(len(part_count) / 2):
		print 'smaller ' + str(min_words + small_one_part * i) + '-' + str(min_words + small_one_part * (i + 1)) + '\t' + str(part_count[i])
	for i in xrange(len(part_count) / 2, 0, -1):
		print 'larger ' + str(max_words - large_one_part * i) + '-' + str(max_words - large_one_part * (i - 1)) + '\t' + str(part_count[len(part_count) - i])

if __name__ == '__main__':
	import getopt
	reload(sys)
	sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
	try:
		opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 'c:p:', [])
		handle(args, opts)
	except getopt.GetoptError:
		sys.exit(2)


I grew up in Browns Valley, MN and attended K-8th grade here. I then went to Sisseton High School. After graduating I attended the Minnesota State University of Moorhead where I majored in Elementary Inclusive Education and minored in Special Education. While in college I enjoyed playing rugby. After graduating I accepted my first teaching job in Sisseton, SD. I taught 5th grade there for two years. In 2016 I was hired at the Browns Valley School, and became the 4th grade teacher for one year. This year I was given the opportunity to follow my students on their journey to middle school. I will be teaching 5th and 6th grade math, science, and social studies!
My husbands name is Andy Raw and he is the Director of Environmental Services at the Browns Valley Health Center. We have two dogs, Piper and Penny, one cat, Ginger, and 7 horses. We enjoy watching movies, going to the lake, and spending time with our families.
My mom, Laurie, taught at the Browns Valley School for 39 years before retiring in 2015. She enjoys her retirement by coming back and working at the school! Her newest adventure will be teaching 4th grade. My dad, David, works for the Wilmot Veterinary Clinic. My oldest brother, Tyler, is married and works as a police officer in Sisseton, SD. He and his wife Brittany have a 4 year old son, Eli, who I love getting to spend time with. They are also expecting another baby boy in October. My older sister, Brittany, is married and works at a bank in Eureka, SD. She and her husband enjoy working on their faimly farm and spoiling their daughter, Jerimany. I have two younger siblings, Kylee and Devan, who attend Rosholt High School. Kylee is in 11th grade and Devan is in 9th grade. They both enjoy playing sports.
The picture on the top is my family and the picture on the bottom is my husbands family.


text:
Four New Cheetahs from the CCF
On June 28th 2012, four male cheetahs that had previously been held at the Cheetah Conservation Fund near Otjiwarongo, Namibia, were loaded onto a truck that was headed south to Erindi Private Game Reserve for a re-wildling project. Omdillo, Anakin, Chester, and Obi Wan (aka the "Leopard pen boys") had lived at CCF for a number of years after they had all been brought in during various times in 2008 from farmers due to supposed livestock depredation. Now was their time for their long-awaited return to freedom!
To prepare them for their re-wilding, they were released into a 4,000 ha fenced game camp at CCF at the end of 2011. This camp, called Bellebenno, has a wide diversity of different prey animals that inhabit the area, but is a relative "safe zone" in terms of competitive predators such as spotted hyenas and lions that would normally steal carcasses from cheetahs and sometimes even kill them. After a month of being intensively monitored by CCF staff and volunteers on their behavior and movements across the camp, they were deemed suitable for re-wildling, particularly due to their successful hunting trips. They had made an astonishing eleven kills during this time, including oryx, eland, kudu, warthog and steenbok. This is was impressive list as it shows that the males had learnt necessary skills to bring down a variety of different prey.
After a month of being monitored by the CCF, they were deemed suitable for re-wildling
During this soft release, Omdillo continually proved himself as being the leader of the coalition, with Chester close behind in this hierarchy. Both males were also the most successful hunters of the group, almost always initiating hunts and being the ones to take the stranglehold on their prey. Omdillo showed himself as being an extremely independent and intelligent creature, as he was able to work out how to escape from the game camp using a variety of tactics during his time in Bellebenno! He was, however, always lured back with the cunning use of meat.
On the day of their transfer to Erindi, they were all anaesthetized for their radio collars to be fitted around their necks for use in further monitoring of their movements in Erindi. Each cheetah also had a thorough veterinary examination to ensure the health of each cat was suitable for re-wildling. Chester's x-ray revealed the pin placed in his leg from when he arrived at CCF in 2008 due to a broken leg sustained from when he was trapped. Despite the bone showing signs of arthritis forming, he is still able to run and hunt effectively.
Once the exams were over, each cheetah was placed into an individual holding box for transport to Erindi. These boxes were loaded onto trucks and, after a long drive on a dusty dirt road from CCF, they arrived at their final destination: an open area deep in Erindi's private game reserve with large trees, a giant termite mound and a watering hole nearby – perfect habitat for cheetahs! This site was also chosen for its convenient access to multiple watering holes, which is important for the four cheetahs, as they were used to being provided with water during their captivity back at CCF.
At around 4 pm on the day of release, the crates were offloaded. An oryx carcass had been placed in the shade of a large tree for the final supplementary feeding of the coalition.
Finally, the crates were opened; out ran the four cheetahs! After the initial sprint, they began to walk around slowly, exploring their new surroundings.
Three of the four cheetahs soon made their way to the carcass and began their last easy meal. However, Omdillo took off into the bush, perhaps being a bit dazed and confused from the long journey. Little did he know that this 172,000-acre protected reserve would be his permanent new home. Some of the team drove off to check on Omdillo, who was found a short distance away calling for the rest of his coalition. The next morning Omdillo had reunited with the group and all were at peace near the carcass with fat bellies!
Since the release, the cats have fitted back into life in the wild wonderfully and have been observed successfully hunting eland calves and oryx. Omdillo appeared to have sustained a leg injury from a warthog, but despite this apparent disability, has been contributing to hunting and is able to keep up with the rest of the group well. We have no doubt that this coalition will continue to thrive in Erindi.
Niki Rust – Ecologist
www.cheetah.org
Photos copyright © Jed Winer & Rob Thompson (Cheetah Conservation Fund 2012)
ccf cheetah rehabilitation cheetahs coalition erindi namibia
Four New Cheetahs from the CCF2012-07-102017-11-03https://erindi.com/wp-content/uploads/erindi-private-game-reserve-logo.pngErindi Private Game Reservehttps://erindi.com/wp-content/uploads/jedwiner_00A0351_CCFblog.jpg200px200px
Special Sightings on Game DrivesAnimals
Shadow the Silent SlayerAnimals


text:
Q: Does SMA include the current day? Does the calculation of a Simple Moving Average include the current price in the average? e.g. If the prices are {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, does the 3-day SMA look like {-, -, 2, 3, 4}, or {-, -, -, 2, 3}?

A: The question is not quite 'right'.  The SMA calculates the average over a number of past periods, and therefore the position of those periods relative to the person doing the calculating is relevant.  If you are calculating, say, the SMA of the Dow Jones closing number  for the last five trading days, it's relevant when you do that calculation.  By convention, you do not include the measure on the day (period) that you do the calculation, so that other people can generate the same number as you without having to work out whether you included the very latest value or not.
For example, it's 5pm on Friday 19th and I want the 5d SMA of the Dow, I could calculate M (15th),T, W, Th and Fr 19th.  Or I could calculate using Fr (12th), M 15th, Tu, W and end Th 18th.  Conventional choice would be to do the latter so that people don't have to wonder if you stayed around til after market close on Friday 19th or left to go bowling.
Of course, in the long run it does not matter at all, since a set of SMAs ultimately takes all values into account over time.
See http://www.mbtrading.com/help/navpro/Simple_and_Exponential_Moving_Average.htm for more.


text:
Saul Steinberg (* 15. Juni 1914 in Râmnicu Sărat; † 12. Mai 1999 in New York) war ein rumänisch-amerikanischer Zeichner und Karikaturist. Bekannt wurde er vor allem durch seine Cartoons und Titelbilder für das Magazin The New Yorker. Für diese Zeitschrift entstand auch ein Titelbild (veröffentlicht am 29. März 1976), das später zu einem beliebten Postermotiv werden sollte: eine perspektivisch verzerrte Landkarte, die von einer New Yorker Straße ausgehend einen Teil der Weltkugel abbildet und als grafische Idee für beliebige andere Orte abgewandelt wurde.

Leben

Steinberg wurde 1914 im rumänischen Râmnicu Sărat als Sohn des Buchbinders und Kartonagen-Fabrikanten Maurice Steinberg und dessen Frau Rosa Jacobson Steinberg geboren. Er begann ein Studium der Soziologie und Psychologie an der Universität Bukarest. 1932 siedelte er nach Mailand um und wechselte dort 1933 an das Politecnico zum Architekturstudium, das er 1940 abschloss. Während seines Studiums begann er zu zeichnen und veröffentlichte seine Zeichnungen in der humoristischen Wochenzeitung Bertoldo, die er gemeinsam mit dem Journalisten Giovannino Guareschi 1936 gegründet hatte. Den Beruf eines Architekten übte er nie aus.

1941 floh er vor dem Antisemitismus der Nazis mit einem Pass, dessen Stempel er selbst gefälscht hatte, über Portugal in die USA, wurde aber von Ellis Island in die Dominikanische Republik abgeschoben, da die Aufnahmequote für Rumänen bereits erschöpft war. Von dort aus sandte er der Zeitschrift The New Yorker einige seiner Cartoons zu, in der Hoffnung auf eine Aufnahme in die USA, was auch tatsächlich geschah. Seitdem blieb er ein ständiger Mitarbeiter des New Yorker. Die abstrakt-expressionistische Malerin Hedda Sterne wurde 1943 seine Frau. Sie trennten sich in den 1970er-Jahren, ließen sich aber nie scheiden.

Im Zweiten Weltkrieg musste Steinberg in China maoistische Guerillakämpfer im Brückensprengen unterrichten und floh danach über die Berge nach Indien. Dann wurde er von William Donovan, dem Leiter des US-Nachrichtendienstes Office of Strategic Services (OSS), nach Nordafrika und Italien geschickt. Dort sollte er Cartoons zeichnen, die die Nazis und Faschisten lächerlich machten. Die Karikaturen wurden im OSS-Blatt Das Neue Deutschland abgedruckt und hinter den feindlichen Linien abgeworfen.

Nach dem Krieg wurde sein Stil mehr abstrakt, philosophisch und symbolisch.

Für den amerikanischen Pavillon auf der Weltausstellung 1958 in Brüssel schuf er die Collage The Americans. Sie besteht aus acht Wandtableaus mit einer Gesamtlänge von 70 Meter. Steinberg stellt darin den amerikanischen Alltag zwischen großstädtischer Hektik und ländlicher Idylle dar. Nach dem Ende der Weltausstellung kamen die Tafeln, für Transport und Lagerung in 84 Teile zerschnitten, schließlich in die Sammlung der Königliche Museen der Schönen Künste in Brüssel und wurden dort eingelagert. Selten wurden einzelne Tafeln gezeigt; erst 2013 wurden sie wieder als Einheit in einer Sonderausstellung im Museum Ludwig in Köln präsentiert.

Ende der 1960er-Jahre wurden seine Zeichnungen pessimistischer im Ton, vor allem in Bezug auf das Stadtleben von New York (Hausfassaden als erschreckende Irrgärten, Micky Maus in Stiefeln als Terrorist). 1968 wurde er in die American Academy of Arts and Letters und 1978 in die American Academy of Arts and Sciences aufgenommen.

1999 starb Saul Steinberg in New York.

Werke
 All in Line, New York, Duell, Sloan & Pearce, 1945.
 The Art of Living, New York, Harper & Bros., 1949.
 The Passport, New York, Harper & Bros., 1954.
 Dessins, Paris, Gallimard, 1956.
 The Americans, Expo, Brüssel, 1958.
 The Labyrinth, New York, Harper & Row, 1960.
 The New World, New York, Harper & Row, 1965.
 Le Masque, Paris, Maeght Editeur, 1966.
 The Inspector, New York, Viking Press, 1973.
 Saul Steinberg, New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 1978.
 The Discovery of America, New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 1992.
 Reflections and Shadows, New York, Random House, 2002.

Deutsche Ausgaben:
 Steinberg's Umgang mit Menschen, Hamburg, Rowohlt, 1954.
 Steinberg's Passport, Hamburg, Rowohlt, 1954.
 Steinberg's Labyrinth, Hamburg, Rowohlt, 1961.
 Steinberg's Paperback, Hamburg, Rowohlt, 1964.
 Der Inspektor, Hamburg, Rowohlt, 1973.
 Saul Steinberg, Hamburg, Rowohlt, 1979.
 Die Entdeckung Amerikas, Zürich, Diogenes, 1992.
 Schatten und Spiegelungen, Zürich, Diogenes, 2002.

Ausstellungen
 2013: Saul Steinberg – The Americans, Museum Ludwig Köln.
 2021: Saul Steinberg: Lines that Transform the Real World. ginza graphic gallery Tokyo.

Literatur
 Iain Topliss: The comic worlds of Peter Arno, William Steig, Charles Addams and Saul Steinberg. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore 2005, XIII, 325 S., ISBN 0801880440.
 Joel Smith (Hrsg.): Saul Steinberg. Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern 2008, 288 S., ISBN 978-3-7757-2228-5, Ausstellungskatalog.
 Deirdre Bair: Saul Steinberg : a biography, New York, NY [u. a.] : Doubleday, 2012, ISBN 978-0-385-52448-3.
 Andreas Prinzing (Hrsg.): Saul Steinberg. The Americans. Snoeck, Köln 2013, 200 S., ISBN 978-3-86442-043-6, Ausstellungskatalog.

Weblinks

 The Saul Steinberg Foundation
 "The World, and the City, According to Steinberg", The New York Times, 1. Dezember 2006 und Nachruf
  NZZ, 23. August 2008

Einzelnachweise

Illustrator (Vereinigte Staaten)
Cartoonist (Vereinigte Staaten)
Künstler (documenta)
Mitglied der American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Mitglied der American Academy of Arts and Letters
Mitglied der Bayerischen Akademie der Schönen Künste
Person (Office of Strategic Services)
Rumäne
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1914
Gestorben 1999
Mann


text:
A világ teremtésének a kérdésében, Hippói Szent Ágoston szembefordult a platóni és plótinoszi világmagyarázattal, miszerint a világot Isten valamilyen már létező ősanyagból teremtette. Szerinte ez az elmélet ugyanis tagadja Isten mindenhatóságát, azt állította nincs örök anyag. Isten a világot önzetlen jóságából fakadóan teremtette, senki és semmi nem kényszerítette rá. Minden dolog csakis csak Istennek köszönheti a létét.

A Teremtés Könyvét, de az egész Szentírást sem szabad szó szerint értelmezni mivel ez, Ágoston szerint, egyenlő lenne az istenkáromlással. Az egész Szentírás az ember gyöngeségeihez mérten, emberi nyelven beszél, ezért elbeszéléseit ennek a fényében kell értelmeznünk.

A teremtés előtt nem volt semmi
A kereszténység megjelenésével a pogány világértelmezéshez képest egy új világfelfogás jelenik meg: a semmiből való teremtés (creatio ex nihilo) tana valamint az a nézet, hogy a világ ahogy létrejön, nem a világot, hanem az alkotóját jellemzi.

Ágoston számára a "semmiből való teremtés" már teológiai hagyomány része. A világot Isten vagy semmiből kellett, hogy teremtse – vagy önmagából (mert rajta kívül nem létezett más semmi). De magából nem teremtethette, mert akkor egyenlő lenne vele.

Ágoston szerint bármilyen teremtés előtti anyag létezésének a feltételezése tagadja Isten mindenhatóságát. Elvetette azt a világszemléletet, miszerint Isten, egy már előre meglévő nem teremtett anyagból formálta volna meg a világot. A következőket mondta: "Nyilvánvalóan nem úgy cselekedtél, mint egy szobrász, aki a lelki szemével látott alakot kívánja megvalósítani, s testből alakít testet". Az anyagiság, mint puszta lehetőség sem létezhetett Isten teremtő tevékenységtől függetlenül. A teremtés azt jelenti, hogy Istentől származik az anyagiság és az anyagiságot befogadó forma is.

Az ősanyag teremtése és megformálása

Ágoston szerint nem ellenkezik a Szentírással az, hogy Isten alkotott valamit a teremtés kezdetén, amiről Mózes nem beszélt. Ez a valami az ősanyag, ami alaktalan és anyagtalan valami kell, hogy legyen. Bár nem említi a Szentírás az ősanyag teremtését, azért még nem kell Istenhez hasonlóan öröknek hinni. Ágoston ezt nem magyarázza meg, szerinte ugyanis nyilvánvaló, hogy Isten az első létező, aki a semmiből teremtett és egyedül rá mondható csak, hogy örökléttel bír.

Isten valamilyen láthatatlan ősanyagból formálta a világot, azonban ez az ősanyag nem egy már előzőleg létező valami volt, hanem Ő maga teremtette. A kézművesek tevékenysége és Isten tevékenységének hasonlóságára utal Ágoston akkor is, mikor azt mondja: "Ugyanezt az anyagot nevezte víznek is, amely fölött Isten szelleme lebegett, miként a kézműves akarata lebeg a létrehozandó alkotás felett."

Kettős teremtés gondolata
Ágoston valószínűleg Órigenésztől vehette át a kettős teremtés gondolatát. Órigenész a következőket írja a Principiumokról című művében: "tehát az egész érvelés abba torkollik, hogy Isten két általános természetet alkotott: a látható, vagyis a testi természetet, és a láthatatlan, vagyis a testetlen természetet. "

Ágoston a következőket mondta: először Isten a láthatatlan ősanyagból a láthatatlan eget és láthatatlan földet teremtette meg. A láthatatlan ég, azaz az egek ege és a láthatatlan föld az alak nélküli föld időn kívül teremtetett, azonban nem örök létezők. Azért mondja a Szentírás, hogy láthatatlan volt az ég és a föld, mert még rendezetlen és alaktalan volt. Nem azért nevezi Isten ezt az alaktalan anyagot, égnek és földnek, mert az volt, hanem, mert azzá lehetett. Itt Ágoston arra az elméletére utal – amit a sztoikusoktól vett át – hogy Isten az ősanyagba mintegy beleoltotta a majdani dolgok végső alakját, észcsirát (lat. ratio seminalis) helyezett az ősanyagba. Isten először a világot láthatatlan formában teremtette meg, majd ennek mintájára hozta létre a láthatót (exemplarizmus ). Így Ágoston két égről és két földről beszél: "ha az egek egével összehasonlítsuk a mi egünk is csupán föld".

A kettős teremtés tehát azt jelenti, hogy Isten először egy láthatatlan világot teremtett meg, ez a világ anyagtalan volt, mert csak a gondolatában létezett, mint ahogy a szobrász szeme előtt a később elkészülő szobor képe lebeg úgy lebegett Isten szelleme a még megformálatlan anyag felett. Majd az alaktalan ősanyag megteremtése után Isten megteremtette a látható világot, a már a gondolatában meglévő anyagtalan világ mintájára.

A teremtés folytonossága

Isten a világot láthatatlan formában teremtette meg, majd e láthatatlan világba helyezte a látható világ csíráit. Mai terminusokkal élve mondhatnánk, hogy Isten beprogramozta az ősanyagot, hogy azzá váljék, amivé kell: "Mert mindenhatósága …mindenből csakis azt hozza létre a megfelelő időben, aminek lehetőségét már korábban létrehozta benne." Ezzel az elmélettel Ágoston – bár maga sajnos nem ismerte e kifejezést – egyfajta evolúcióelméletről beszél. Ez a fajta 'evolúcióelmélet' abban különbözik Darwin evolúcióelméletétől, hogy nem zárja ki Istent a világból. Ugyanis Ő az oka mindennek, hogy azzá lett, ami. Isten helyezte az ősanyagba a fejlődéshez szükséges hajtóerőt, programot.

Mivel Ágoston nem ismerte az 'evolúcióelmélet' kifejezést, Ő a teremtés folytonosságáról beszélt: "Amint a fa magvát szemlélve azt mondjuk, hogy benne van a gyökérzet, a törzs, az ágak, a gyümölcsök és a levelek, de nem azért mert már léteznek, hanem mert ebből lesznek, a Szentírás is ily módon mondta, hogy kezdetben alkotta Isten az eget és a földet, mintegy az ég és a föld magvát, midőn még kúszaságban volt az ég és a föld anyaga."

Hogy Ágoston valamilyen értelmes fejlődéselméletről, észcsirákról beszél az világosan látható a következő részből is "..A természetben zajló valamennyi folyamatnak megvannak a maguk természeti törvényei, s mivel az értelemmel nem bíró lélek is teremtmény, a benne munkáló törekvéseket is ilyen törvények határozzák". Azaz léteznie kell egyfajta törvényszerűségnek ami alapján az almamagból almafa lesz és nem, mondjuk körte.

Az ember teremtése
Ágoston szerint Isten minden teremtmény előtt az embert teremtette: "mert teremtettél engem öröktől fogva, mielőtt bármit cselekedtél volna, kezdettől fogva, mielőtt az egeket kiterjesztenéd, elrendezéd, hogy teremtesz, és teremtményeid számába sorolsz engem". Az embert Isten saját képmására teremtette, azonban itt nem arra kell gondolnunk, hogy testi képmására, hisz Istent nem határolja semmiféle testi forma, hanem a szellemire – írta Ágoston: "Nem a test miatt mondja az Írás az emberről, hogy Isten képmására alkottatott meg, hanem azon hatalom miatt, amellyel minden állatot felülmúl". Itt Ágoston az értelem hatalmára gondolt.
Ágoston az ember teremtését is kettős teremtésként írja le: az ember láthatatlan szellemét Isten minden más teremtés előtt teremtette, a látható anyagi embert, a testet azonban sokkal később formálta meg és lehelte bele a 'gondolatában' lévő embert. Mikor Isten az embernek a testét megformálja a 'föld sarából' nem mondja azt, hogy saját képére formája, csak akkor mondja, hogy 'teremtsünk a saját képünkre embert',akkor a belső emberre utal.

Isten, amikor az embert teremtette saját képmására tette, majd "a föld sarából megformálta" a testét. Ez a 'föld sarából' megformált test nem a hétköznapi értelemben vett sárból való, hanem valamilyen romolhatatlan anyagból, ugyanis az emberi test csak a bűnbeesést követően lett romlandó. De a 'föld sará' – ból jelentheti azt is (mivel a sár a föld és a víz keveréke), hogy testből és lélekből keverte Isten az embert, majd az érzékelést lehelte bele.
Ágoston értelmezésében a 'föld sarából' formált test az első emberek teste, a mostani testünk nem azonos a bűnbeesés előtti ember testével. Mert a bűnbeesés előtti ember testét nem kínozta semmiféle nehézség, szükség. A mostani testünk, a bűnbeesés utáni test Isten 'bőrruhaként' adta az első emberekre, amikor kiűzte őket a paradicsomból.

Az ember teremtését Ágoston nem úgy írja le, mint a világ többi teremtett dolgát, ezek a dolgok teremtése ugyanis a már meglévő láthatatlan ideák mintájára történik. Az ember teremtése viszont nem 'az ember láthatatlan ideája' alapján történik. Ugyanis Isten az embert minden dolog előtt teremtette, majd testet formált neki, amibe belehelyezte. Az ember szelleme maga egy örök idea. Az ember a bűnbeesés révén válik a romlandó világ részesévé.
Azt, hogy Isten az embert férfinak és nőnek teremtette, majd megparancsolta nekik, hogy sokasodjanak, Ágoston úgy értelmezi, hogy e kötelék a férfi és nő között a bűnbeesés előtt szellemi természetű volt (az első ember abban az értelemben volt férfi és nő, hogy mint férfias ész irányította a neki alávetett lelki természetet). Ezt azzal az érvel, támasztja alá, hogy az első emberek a bűnbeesés előtt még nem voltak e világ fiai. Csak a bűnbeesés után lett testi a nemzés és (fájdalmas) a szülés.

Ágoston szerint a Szentírás szövege misztériumokat rejt magában, ezért különösen oda kell figyelni, hogy milyen igazságok is vannak a szövegben elrejtve. Ezeket a misztériumokat csak szellemi közelítéssel lehet megfejteni. Ágoston a Teremtés könyvének a szövegét kétféleképp értelmezi: történet és prófécia szerint. A történet szerinti elbeszélés azt az eseménysort mutatja be, amit a Szentírás elmesél, a hatnapos, Éden elbeszélés. Ez az elbeszélés leírja, hogy Isten milyen sorrendben teremtette a világ dolgait. A prófécia szerinti elbeszélés szerint a Teremtés könyvében szereplő hat nap az emberiség hat különböző korszakát írja le, Ádámtól az Úr eljöveteléig, amikor is nyugalmat lelnek mindazok, akiknek meghagyta: "legyetek tökéletesek, mint Atyátok, aki a mennyekben van". A hetedik napon (amelynek nincs estéje) a tökéletes munkát végzettek megpihenhetnek.

Isten és a teremtett világ viszonya
Isten nemcsak megteremtette a világot, hanem gondoskodik is róla, hisz nélküle a világ nem lenne képes fennmaradni. A világ rászorul Istenre, azonban Isten nem szorul rá a teremtett dolgokra, nem azért teremtett, hogy boldogságát lelje bennük, hanem mert nem tetszett neki a dolgok tökéletlensége. Azt a kijelentést, hogy "miután Isten befejezte az eget és a földet, és mindent, amit alkotott, a hetedik napon megnyugodott munkáitól, és megáldotta a hetedik napot, megszentelte, mivel ekkor nyugodott meg munkáitól ," – Ágoston szerint nem úgy kell érteni, hogy Isten felhagyott a teremtéssel és leült pihenni. Ugyanis a Szentírás későbbi szakaszában ez áll: "Atyám mindmáig munkálkodik". Hogy megnyugodott Isten minden munkájától, azt jelenti Ágoston értelmezésében, hogy őbenne nyugszunk meg minden munkánktól mi, ha jócselekedeteket hajtunk végre.

Hogy Isten a hetedik napon megpihent nem azt jelenti, hogy megszűnt alkotását fenntartani és kormányozni, hanem azt, hogy már nem teremtett semmit. Így igaz az, hogy megpihent a hetedik napon és igaz az is, hogy mindmáig munkálkodik.

Jegyzetek

Irodalom
 Szent Ágoston: Vallomások, (Confessiones), ford. Városi István, Gondolat kiadó, Bp., 1987
 Szent Ágoston: A szentháromságról (De Trinitate), ford. Gál Ferenc, Szt. István Társulat, Bp., 1985
 Szent Ágoston: A Boldog Életről (De Beata Vita). In: Fiatalkori párbeszédek, ford. Sarbak Gábor, Szt. István Társulat, Bp., 1986
 Szent Ágoston: Beszélgetés Önmagammal (Soliloquia). In: Fiatalkori párbeszédek, ford. Ladocsi Gáspár, Szt. István Társulat, Bp., 1986
 Szent Ágoston: A Rendről (De Ordine). In: Fiatalkori párbeszédek, ford. Vanyó László, Szt. István Társulat, Bp., 1986
 Szent Ágoston: A Teremtés könyvéről a manicheusok ellen (De Genesi Contra Manichaeos), ford. Heidl György, Paulus Hungarus–Kairosz kiadó, Bp., 2002
Az Isten városáról (De Civitate Dei)
 Szent Ágoston: A teremtés könyve szó szerinti értelmezésben; In: Steiger Kornél: Bevezetés a filozófiába. Szöveggyűjtemény, Holnap Kiadó, Bp.
 Szent Ágoston: A princípiumokról, a szentlékről
 Heidl György: Szent Ágoston megtérése, Paulus Hungarus–Kairosz kiadó, Bp., 2001
 Turay Alfréd: Ágoston, in: Filozófiatörténeti vázlatok, Szt. István Társulat, 1997
Vidrányi Katalin: Megjegyzések Augustinushoz in: Krisztológia és antropológia, 1998
 Geréby György: A 'semmiből teremtés' a skolasztikában, in: Fehér M.: A Teremtés. Filozófiatörténeti tanulmányok
 Perczel István: Isten felfoghatatlansága és leereszkedése, Szent Ágoston és Aranyszájú Szent Gergely metafizikája. Atlantisz kiadó, Bp., 1999
 Cristopher Stead: Filozófia a keresztény ókorban
 Altaner Bertold: Ókeresztény irodalomtörténet
 Robert O'Connel: Soundings in St. Augustine's Imagination, Fordnam University Press, New York, 1994

Szent Ágoston
Keresztény teológia


This post was originally published on Parenting ADHD & Autism on March 28th, 2016.
When you thought about having children, what were your dreams for your child? Happiness? Success? Financial security? A close circle of friends? A job they love? Did you want to protect your child from pain?
We all have dreams for our kids.
But as your kid grew, perhaps you noticed your child wasn't like the other kids. You might have realized that other parents were taking their kids places your child couldn't handle. Or you felt like you were navigating Mount Everest to do things that other parents did without a second thought. Maybe you saw that your child always played alone on the playground. Or the other kids began to actively avoid your child. Perhaps at some point, you became aware that your kid wasn't being invited to birthday parties any more.
At home… who was this kid? Did you have a whirling dervish? A couch potato? Was your child lost in his own world? Did she talk nonstop about things no one seemed to care about?
And about those odd passions…. Did you find yourself noticing things you might have never thought to appreciate before you had children? The beauty of flowing water? The sound of silence? The gift of language? How things work? Facts about World War II, Star Wars, or My Little Pony?
There's an essay that most parents of kids with autism read at some point called Welcome to Holland. I didn't find it very satisfying. It didn't give voice to the betrayal of my dreams for my child. It didn't speak to my fears about the future. I remember at some point identifying more with another essay, Welcome to Beirut. But that one also felt unfair. My children and the people trying to help us aren't terrorists. They are doing the best they can.
On the topic of dreams unrealized, a wise woman, Monica Adler Werner, once said, "All children take it out of you eventually. Kids with autism just take it out of you sooner." This was in response to one of my fellow parents bemoaning the fact that her daughter wasn't able to attend a summer camp that had been a cornerstone of her own childhood. This mom was sad because she had to relinquish yet another of her dreams.
Kids have their own dreams. And the sooner you realize that you cannot force your child to follow your dreams, the easier your life will be. Instead of fighting your child, you'll be encouraging them – helping them to be the best version of themselves.
As parents, we are constantly walking a tightrope. To function in the outside world, there may be requirements that are beyond what our children can handle. Schools want our children to be able to sit still to learn. They may need our children to behave appropriately so they don't distract the other kids. Professionals might tell you that outcomes are bad for kids who are so anxious they shut down when tested, or for those who have no friends. Family members may worry about the stress your child is placing on your family. Or they may have no patience for your child.
It is overwhelming. We want to respect our children's dreams while preparing them for the future. Sometimes the worlds collide. The dream may not be possible given the reality of the child.
All you can do is your best. Follow your child's lead. Let them show you where they want to go. And then do everything you can to help them make that happen, even when it is hard. Work with your child. Make sure they know that you are there to help them accomplish their dreams. If you can remember that your goal is to help them live their dreams, it will make it easier when the going gets tough.


text:
Bisaltes buquetii es una especie de escarabajo longicornio del género Bisaltes, subfamilia Lamiinae. Fue descrita científicamente por Thomson en 1868.

Se distribuye por Bolivia, Brasil, Guayana Francesa y Panamá. Posee una longitud corporal de 12-18 milímetros. El período de vuelo de esta especie ocurre en todos los meses del año, excepto en abril y mayo.

La dieta de Bisaltes buquetii se compone de plantas y arbustos de la familia Convolvulaceae, entre ellas, varias especies del género Maripa.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Bisaltes buquetii Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera (IRMNG).
 Bisaltes buquetii Catalogue of Life.

buquetii
Insectos descritos en 1868
Insectos de América del Sur
Insectos de América Central


text:
Roccat Isku review: Roccat Isku
Craig Simms
Oct. 9, 2011 10:09 p.m. PT
HP Spectre x360 (13-inch, 2019)
Razer Blade 15 Advanced
Apple MacBook Pro with Touch Bar (15-inch, 2018)
The Good Backlit keys. Good macro manager. Can give extra flexibility to the Kone[+].
The Bad Kone[+] is the only mouse that benefits from the Isku. Blue isn't the easiest colour to read on a backlit keyboard.
The Bottom Line The Isku is a good gaming keyboard, with very few flaws. We certainly wouldn't complain if this was under our Christmas tree this year.
Roccat Isku
Our review of Roccat's first keyboard, the Valo, never saw the light of day. Incidentally, neither did the keyboard, thanks to our feedback to the company before its release. It had typomatic issues when it came to macros, transposed keys when typing and often dropped letters. It was hampered by poor key placement, keys getting stuck down, an LCD screen that misreported CPU load at 40 per cent all the time, an incredibly weak backlight, a poorly placed in-built microphone and emitted a persistent electronic whine.
In short, it was really very bad, a departure from Roccat's other products. So it was with some trepidation that we took delivery of the Isku, a less ambitious keyboard for sure, but perhaps one where a whole lot less can go wrong.
The good news is that none of the above problems plague the Isku at all. Its blue backlighting is pleasant and strong, although another colour would have aided in the readability of the letters. There are no issues with dropped or swapped letters. The typomatic delay of the macro keys is gone. In fact, the only real issue we could find is hitting "Apply" after changing settings in the driver panel takes an extraordinarily long time, to the point that Windows 7 thinks the application has crashed. This is apparently related to some antivirus tools, and switching to another machine made this go away completely. It's worth noting these settings are saved directly to the keyboard itself — when we loaded the driver on the new machine, the key maps were still intact.
The keyboard itself has sharp, militarised corners, an expansive sloped wrist rest and silky keys. These take a little getting used to, but once you're there they're as equal to the task as any other keyboard. It feels very much like a slightly cut down version of Microsoft's SideWinder X6.
There are five programmable keys to the left, a set of media buttons at the top and a dedicated button for adjusting the backlight across five levels, although the final two levels are almost impossible to tell apart. You'll want to leave the light on, as the buttons are dull and quite hard to read. If you're worried about energy expenditure, there's an option in the driver to dull the lights after a given time period.
There are also custom buttons under the spacebar, one for opening the Roccat driver, the others for profile switching, accompanied by Roccat's hilarious voiceover man booming over your speaker's "profile 1!", "profile 2!" and so on. Thankfully, you can turn this off. As is the case with gaming gear, each profile can contain a distinct set of customised keys, so you can adjust your keyboard layout depending on the game.
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