(PG-13: content) For the main segment of Sunday night's episode of HBO's satirical news series, Last Week Tonight, host John Oliver takes a closer look at the deceptive practices of some Crisis Pregnancy Centers, nonprofit organizations established to counsel women against having abortions.
"Crisis pregnancy centers deceptively steer woman away from abortion. They can be started way too easily by religious groups like, for instance, a late night talk show's megachurch."


text:
EducationSchool news
Graduation ceremony for Neapolis University
By Press Release October 10, 2018 October 8, 2018 0331
Neapolis University Paphos recently celebrated the accomplishments of its 533 graduates in a majestic ceremony held in the Akamas room of the Coral Beach Hotel & Resort in Paphos.
The graduates shared the culmination of their hard work in front of an audience of 1,000 and more family members, friends, academics and VIP guests from Cyprus and abroad.
In his annual speech, the president of the university's board Michalakis Leptos congratulated the graduates on their recent academic success and relayed his best wishes for their future professional success.
He renewed the university's commitment to investing in high-quality education and career readiness of its graduates and praised the university's contribution and impact on social and cultural institutions and happenings. Closing, the president expressed his satisfaction with the university's newly established cooperation with renowned academic institutions such as Middlesex University London and the University of Hull.
graduation ceremonyneapolis university
Top space scientists gather in Nicosia to discuss missions to Mars
Second arrest in connection with selling fake antiquities
Cyprus university partners with port management company
Efforts underway to shake up tertiary education
Andria Kades January 24, 2023
More young women than men complete university
Gina Agapiou January 24, 2023 January 24, 2023
Education minister proud of sporting achievements in last five years
Nick Theodoulou January 23, 2023
Cabinet approves sex education changes
Nick Theodoulou January 18, 2023 January 18, 2023
Students who walked out of Greek exam to have another chance

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Android: Animation always settling at the center This is my slide animation.
<translate xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:duration="@android:integer/config_longAnimTime"
    android:fromYDelta="-100%p"
    android:toYDelta="-30%p" />

The slide is fine. But the view always finally settles at the center of the screen. Is there any problem with the above code?
Thanks,
Rahul.

A: You gotta set the attribute fillAfter to "true".
Code:
animation.setFillEnabled(true);
animation.setFillAfter(true);

XML:
<set
    android:fillEnabled="true"
    android:fillAfter="true"
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <translate
    android:duration="@android:integer/config_longAnimTime"
    android:fromYDelta="-100%p"
    android:toYDelta="-30%p" />

</set>

Hope that helps!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, CA -- (Marketwire) -- 11/12/12 -- Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (OTCBB: TTNP) today reported financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2012.
Total revenues for the 2012 third quarter, consisting of royalties on net sales of Fanapt®, were approximately $1.2 million, compared to approximately $1.0 million for the comparable period in 2011. This royalty income will be paid by Titan to Deerfield Management Company L.P. in accordance with the terms of the agreements entered into in 2011.
Total operating expenses for the third quarter of 2012 were approximately $3.9 million compared with approximately $3.0 million for the third quarter of 2011, and consisted largely of research and development (R&D) expenses of approximately $3.0 million, compared to approximately $2.2 million for the 2011 period. The increase in R&D costs was primarily associated with an increase in external R&D expenses associated with the preparation of Probuphine® manufacturing operations at the contract manufacturer and demonstration of commercial scale production capability, as well as the preparation of the New Drug Application (NDA), which was submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in October 2012. General and administrative (G&A) expenses totaled approximately $0.9 million for the third quarter of 2012, compared to approximately $0.7 million for the third quarter of 2011. The increase in G&A expenses was primarily related to small increases in legal fees, non-cash stock compensation costs, facilities and other administration costs, which was offset in part by decreases in consulting and professional fees and travel costs.
Net other expense for the 2012 third quarter was approximately $5.4 million, compared to net other income of approximately $1.2 million in the comparable period in 2011. The 2012 period included approximately $3.7 million related to non-cash losses resulting from increases in the fair value of outstanding warrants and approximately $1.6 million of interest expense compared with approximately $2.4 million related to non-cash gains resulting from decreases in the fair value of outstanding warrants and approximately $1.2 million of interest expense during the third quarter of 2011. The approximately $0.4 million increase in interest expense was related to the loans Titan secured from Deerfield.
Net loss applicable to common stockholders for the third quarter of 2012 was approximately $8.0 million, or approximately $0.12 per share, compared to a net loss of approximately $0.8 million, or approximately $0.01 per share, for the comparable period in 2011. Net loss for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2012 was approximately $14.9 million, or approximately $0.23 per share, compared to a net loss of approximately $12.3 million, or approximately $0.21 per share, for the comparable period in 2011.
At September 30, 2012, Titan had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $5.1 million, compared to approximately $5.4 million at December 31, 2011. Titan also received approximately $3.9 million in October 2012 upon exercise of warrants and believes that its working capital at September 30, 2012, along with the proceeds from these warrant exercises, is sufficient to sustain its planned operations through March 2013, including a scheduled installment payment to Deerfield of approximately $2.5 million in early April 2013.
"This has been a quarter of significant progress for Titan highlighted by the submission of our NDA for Probuphine to the FDA. The submission included a request for Priority Review designation, and if this is granted, the review process has the potential to be completed by early summer next year," said Sunil Bhonsle, President of Titan Pharmaceuticals. "We are very encouraged by the resources already allocated to the Probuphine program by the potential partner and we are all working diligently towards completing the licensing transaction to further realize value for our shareholders and to reach our ultimate goal of bringing a novel treatment option for opioid dependence to the healthcare community."
"The Board of Directors is very pleased by the excellent progress made by the Titan team, especially with the timely filing of the Probuphine NDA, which is a tremendous accomplishment for a small company," said Marc Rubin M.D., Executive Chairman of Titan. "There has been growing recognition in the medical community of the opioid addiction epidemic and the need for effective long-term treatment options. Probuphine has the potential to ensure compliance to treatment and significantly decrease abuse or accidental use, and this could be very beneficial to the patients, their families and healthcare providers."
In October, Titan announced the submission of an NDA to the FDA for the Company's investigational product Probuphine for the maintenance treatment of opioid dependence in adult patients. Probuphine, a novel, subdermal implant, is the first long-acting product designed to deliver six months of the drug buprenorphine hydrochloride ("buprenorphine") following a single treatment. The NDA has been submitted under Section 505(b)(2) of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and references the approved sublingual tablet formulations of buprenorphine. U.S. sales of daily dosed sublingual formulations containing buprenorphine indicated for the treatment of opioid dependence were approximately $1.3 billion in 2011.
Based upon feedback from the FDA at the pre-NDA meeting, Titan has included a request for Priority Review designation in the Probuphine NDA submission. Priority designation is given to therapies that offer major advances in treatment, including improved safety, or provide a treatment where no adequate therapy exists. If granted, the FDA action date on the NDA would be set at six months. Titan also included a detailed Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) following specific guidance from the FDA on this key document.
Titan's ongoing strategic partnership discussions for the commercialization of Probuphine have advanced to the final stages. In September 2012, the Company announced it had entered into a Stock Purchase and Option Agreement. In addition to the approximately $4.25 million investment in Titan, the potential licensee has committed significant resources to activities in support of the future commercialization of Probuphine, including the ongoing establishment of an accomplished commercial team. In October 2012, the Company announced the extension of the option to execute the proposed licensing agreement to December 31, 2012 as the potential partner continues to make progress on its internal structuring tasks.
Probuphine is an investigational subdermal implant capable of delivering continuous and persistent, around the clock blood levels of buprenorphine for six months following a single treatment, potentially enhancing patient compliance and retention. Buprenorphine, an approved agent for the treatment of opioid dependence, is currently available in the form of daily dosed sublingual formulations, with reported 2011 annual sales of approximately $1.3 billion in the United States. Probuphine was developed using ProNeura™, Titan's continuous drug delivery system that consists of a small, solid rod made from a mixture of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and a drug substance. The resulting construct is a solid matrix that is placed subcutaneously, normally in the upper arm in a simple office procedure, and removed in a similar manner at the end of the treatment period.
Probuphine is the first product to utilize our proprietary, long-term drug delivery technology, PorNeura, which has the potential to be used in developing products for the treatment of other chronic conditions. On July 9, 2012, we announced that we had successfully completed preclinical investigation into the feasibility of a long-term, around the clock, non-fluctuating dopamine agonist treatment for Parkinson's disease, where maintaining stable, round-the-clock blood levels of dopamine agonists may benefit the patient and improve medical outcomes. Titan has been issued patents covering certain dopamine agonist implants in Europe, Japan, Australia, Canada, South Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, South Africa, and Hong Kong, while prosecution of the patent application continues in the U.S., Israel, India and China.
Titan management will host a live conference call at 1 p.m. ET / 10 a.m. PT on Tuesday, November 13, 2012 to provide the Company's financial results as of September 30, 2012 and discuss its Phase 3 Probuphine program. Participating on the call will be Mr. Bhonsle, Dr. Rubin, Katherine Beebe, Ph.D., Executive Vice President and Chief Development Officer, and Brian Crowley, Vice President of Finance.
The live webcast of the call may be accessed by visiting the Titan website at www.titanpharm.com. The call can also be accessed by dialing 888-471-3843, Participant Code: 1379374 five minutes prior to the start time. A replay of the call will be available on the Company website approximately two hours after completion of the call and will be archived for two weeks.
The press release may contain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Such statements include, but are not limited to, any statements relating to the Company's development program and any other statements that are not historical facts. Such statements involve risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those risks and uncertainties relating to difficulties or delays in development, testing, regulatory approval, production and marketing of the Company's drug candidates, adverse side effects or inadequate therapeutic efficacy of the Company's drug candidates that could slow or prevent product development or commercialization, the uncertainty of patent protection for the Company's intellectual property or trade secrets, the Company's ability to establish corporate partnerships to support the development and commercialization of its products and the Company's ability to obtain additional financing. Such statements are based on management's current expectations, but actual results may differ materially due to various factors, including those risks and uncertainties mentioned or referred to in this press release.


Always on the lookout for green friendly products, earlier this year I came across a company called Simple Green. Right away I was interested in learning more because of their unique line of products. These are not just your typical household cleaners as they are specifically geared towards different parts of your home. They produce a large line of pet products as well as industrial stregth outdoor cleaners for your home, grills, patio, car and now laundry!
Now because of my Tide allergy, I wasn't quite sure how my skin would react and whether or not this would be a cost effective option compared to my own laundry detergent. I know first hand how harmful some of the every day chemicals we use in our homes can be. The new Simple Green Laundry is plant based, biodegradable and is unscented (which we know is actually better for the clothes - even if I don't prefer it). "One bottle washes up to 100 HE loads or 66 standard loads and offers powerful cleaning in any water temperature. It is tough on dirt, grease, grass, food, coffee and wine."
"Simple Green strives to make a difference in the world — through better, safer cleaning products, and through charitable giving. The EGBAR Foundation was founded in 1989 by Bruce FaBrizio, the President of Simple Green. EGBAR is an acronym for Everything's Gonna Be All Right. The foundation's mission is to provide educational opportunities that teach children about the environment and how to care for it."
Promo Code: If you enter the promo code "laundryshipfree" or "blog2012" at check out shipping is free on any products through August!
Recommendation: You know if it is safer for the environment and my family I'm going to use it. As far as price goes I don't think these are priced any different than the average similar products. Again Simple Green also has a long line of products for all areas of your home that would be worth checking out.
Giveaway: Simple Green is going to give one of A Lucky Ladybug's lucky readers a Full Bottle of Simple Green Laundry of their own!
Getting grease stains out of clothes is almost impossible. Probably my worst nightmare in the laundry room!
Grease stains I find the most difficult to remove!
blood is the absolute worst!
Baby diaper explosion that covered me from neck to knees.
I entered the Wholesale Costume Club giveaway.
Grass stains are so difficult!
The worst stain for me was mud on my jeans, I could never get rid of the brown stains.
I had a dog attack me. My own blood was everywhere on my clothes. It was horrible to see my own blood and the staind it left.
My son went to a camp out where they had a slide with mayo, along with other "dressings"...it was nasty and although he brought along old clothes, the kids started early and he had on a autographed shirt by a Christian band...I spent hours washing that thing!!
For some reason, melted butter was the hardest to get out.
The dirties piece of clothing I've ever had to wash was my clothes from after mowing the yard, covered in poison ivy!
Mustard is the worst stain.
I entered the Concious Box giveaway.
I hate grass stains. They are the hardest to get out!
It always seems to be grease! Especially on my kids shirts and I can't get them out!
Does chewing gum count as a stain? That took HOURS of scraping!
My worst stain was just last week. I spent HOURS trying to get a grease stain out of a white work shirt. Somehow *ahem (((my father)))* left the jack for my car in my back seat instead of returning it to my trunk and a white work shirt of mine got wrapped up in the thing and came out with three solid black grease spots. Laundering didn't help. Overnight soaking with baking soda and peroxide didn't work. Finally, at my wits end, I grabbed a bottle of blue dawn, mixed it with baking soda, and went to town. I scrubbed that thing for half an hour and FINALLY saw results.
I entered the Conscious Box giveaway.
The dirtiest thing I've had to wash is a pair of jeans my husband wore to fix something under the house.
My son's soccer uniform after a rainy came when the did mudslides after. Gross!
My daughter is 2 and she went out for a walk maybe for an hour and she exploded in her diaper. Like it was everywhere. I had to soak the clothes for a day, and they got out good, just it was such a mess!
The worst is grease when my husband used to drive a semi.
the dirtiest clothing I've washed has been when my husband comes back from working in the field. Totally covered in dirt, mud, grass!
worst stain I ever washed out was when my daughter spilt her face open. Blood everywhere!
Clothes that my 8 month old has pooped through are the worst to try to wash out.
I currently have some clothes with house paint on them from my kids mission trip, and I have no idea how to remove them if that's even possible.
Worst stain was bbq sauce.
My husband gets pretty dirty when doing yard work and those grass stains are sometimes hard to get out!
I entered the Crum Creek giveaway.
I'd like to see you post more on FB, I haven't seen you much over there.
Thank you SOOO MUCH for this comment! I need to post there more as I used to post a ton a while back and then I wasn't getting much of a response from others so I slowed down and then I got a really negative comment on facebook which I think was when I really stopped posting. I will start picking this back up as I love interacting with you all there.
My husband does the Tough Mudder, Warrior Dash, Merrell Down & Dirty, etc., and comes back with clothes soaked in mud!
well, i wash cloth diapers, so probably that.
The hardest stain for me to remove was (this is going to be gross) but having to clean up the cute white sleepy that one of my kids had a "blow out" in.
My husband and I and 2 of the 3 kids LOVE to read. I'd love to see some book giveaways, and DVD giveaways.
a giant blueberry juice stain. ah!
I have trouble with peach and cherry stains on clothing.
My husband's uniforms- he's a transmission mechanic. They are supposed to be blue and gray but are mostly black!
Grease and oil stains out of my husbands jeans.
baby diaper messes and spit up are the worse!


text:
Berkeley Branch Officers
Published Members
Members We Remember
Membership – Join Us
Craft & Career Support Groups
Wolf Pack Writers Action Group
California Writers Club Berkeley—Writers helping writers since 1909
Berkeley CWC Events
Speaker Series Interviews
Write Angles
Dave Sawle to Present Workshop on Developing Your Publishing Platform
Saturday, February 2, 2013 1 – 4 p.m.
Clubhouse 1425 Oregon Street, Berkeley 94702
This workshop, "Developing Publishing Platforms with Help from the Four-Step Method," is designed to develop a publishing platform for writers to assist in book publishing, promotion, and sales. Website design, possible methods of increasing website traffic, and methods of predicting website traffic and book sales are discussed.
Other issues to be discussed include foresight and the subconscious and their impact on forecasting web traffic, book sales, and the importance of a website. Peter Drucker and his article Managing Oneself as well as the Four-Step Method of prediction will be included. Examples such as the site Foresight Improvement.com and other possible scenarios will be discussed.
Brought up on a Wisconsin dairy farm, Dave developed an early interest in planning for the future. An engineering degree from the University of Wisconsin, a Ph.D. from UC Berkeley, and an MBA from Pepperdine University, as well as strategic planning at several companies (Aerojet General, MB Associates, and the Pentagon) helped reinforce the interest.
To Register: Pay at door or send a check ($9 for members, $29 for nonmembers). Please include your e-mail address so we can confirm your reservation. Make check to CWC-BB and send to Attn: Workshops, 1425 Oregon Street, Berkeley, CA 94702. Call Shereen Rahman 510-845-3425 with questions.
Complimentary coffee, tea, and cookies.
jacklondon
THE CALIFORNIA WRITERS CLUB was started by a group of writing professionals in the early 1900s. The Berkeley Branch is the founding branch of the statewide Club, which now has 19 branches and around 2000 members throughout California. We are the third oldest writers' club in the country, currently celebrating our 100th year serving Bay Area writers.
The CWC is a nonprofit professional organization open to writers in every genre and at every level of experience, from novice to published. Our purpose is to promote fellowship and to provide practical information that supports all members in achieving their publishing goals.
We offer or have offered meetings, speakers support/critique groups, a newsletter, writing contests, a chapbook, readings, and workshops.
Dave Sawle
Developing Publishing Platforms
Foresight Improvement.com
Four-Step Method
Managing Oneself
tanya grove	February 2, 2013 (11:11 am)
EEK! I somehow erased the start time for the workshop! It starts at 1:00 and ends at 4:00. Please come at one o'clock!! So sorry.
Tanya Grove
David Mitroff to Speak on Leveraging New Technology (January 20, 2013)
January's Write Angles
Our Monthly Speaker Series
is open to the public
Third Sundays
1:00 p.m.-3:00 pm
Register on TicketSource
12:00 Club leaders check-in
12:30 Networking in breakout rooms with members & guests
1:00 Ebook Raffle & Announcements
1:30 "Opening Act" (Featured Member)
1:45 Keynote Speaker
2:30 Book Sales & Networking
3:00 – 4:00 Marketing Success Group*
4:00 – 5:00 Craft Group
*members only; guests may sit in
See meetings for more info.
Monthly Meeting Schedule
12:00 Setup
12:30 Doors open, networking & member services
1:00 Raffle & Announcements
4:00 – 5:00 Craft Group*
* members only
Location of monthly meetings: Preservation Park
The best way to keep up with events to boost your writing career is to enter your email below.
California Writers Club Berkeley
Over 100 Years of Serving Bay Area Writers


As of 11:45am on 9th May 2018, the issue with both Boughto API and WordPress Plugin has been resolved.
We would like to apologise for any inconveniences caused as a result of this brief period of downtime.
Outage Status: The problem has now been resolved and normal Boughto operations should now resume.


text:
Schock resigns
By Jake Sherman, Anna Palmer and John Bresnahan
Illinois Rep. Aaron Schock resigned Tuesday, less than 12 hours after POLITICO raised questions about tens of thousands of dollars in mileage reimbursements he received for his personal vehicle.
Schock billed the federal government and his campaign for logging roughly 170,000 miles on his personal car from January 2010 through July 2014. But when he sold that Chevrolet Tahoe in July 2014, it had roughly 80,000 miles on the odometer, according to public records obtained by POLITICO under Illinois open records laws. The documents, in other words, indicate he was reimbursed for 90,000 miles more than his car was driven.
The discrepancy added to a growing wave of ethical and legal problems for the 33-year-old politician.
"[T]he constant questions over the last six weeks have proven a great distraction that has made it too difficult for me to serve the people of the 18th District with the high standards that they deserve and which I have set for myself," Schock said in a surprise statement on Tuesday. "I have always sought to do what's best for my constituents, and I thank them for the opportunity to serve."
Later Tuesday, a spokesman for Schock added, "In an effort to remove any questions and out of an abundance of caution, Congressman Schock has reimbursed all monies received for official mileage since his election to Congress."
Investigators contact Schock associates
JAKE SHERMAN, ANNA PALMER and JOHN BRESNAHAN
Schock's resignation marks a swift downfall of one of the GOP's most promising young stars and prolific fundraisers. The former state legislator was elected to Congress in 2008 and shot through the ranks of the House GOP, at one point gracing the cover of Men's Health magazine. He was a fresh face in a party eager to update its image.
But as his prominence grew, Schock adopted an expensive lifestyle — staying in luxury hotels, dining at pricey restaurants, flying on private jets. Mounting questions about how he paid for it eventually caught up with him.
Schock's fall
Mounting legal and ethical problems consumed the Illinois Republican over the past two months.
By Nick Gass
Feb. 2 - The Washington Post reports on Schock's "Downton Abbey"-inspired office in the Rayburn House Office Building, featuring pheasant feathers and a bust of home-state President Abraham Lincoln.
Feb. 9 - Following the Post report and another revelation from USA Today, POLITICO details Schock's lavish—but legal—spending at pricey hotels in Las Vegas, San Francisco, Miami Beach and other posh destinations for campaign purposes.
"In addition to staying at expensive hotels, Schock also has spent more than $90,000 in campaign dollars on private air charters, an unusually high sum for a rank-and-file member of the House," POLITICO reported at the time.
Feb. 10 - Schock launches his own internal review of tens of thousands of dollars in reimbursements he received for using his official vehicle. POLITICO reports that he has received approximately $1,000 in "private auto mileage" reimbursements from his monthly congressional allowance.
Feb. 24 - Schock brings on two prominent Washington defense lawyers and a public relations firm to battle the brewing controversy over his use of campaign and official accounts to pay for expensive travel and lodging accommodations.
His office declined to answer when asked about a 2011 trip to London in which he stayed at a five-star hotel where the cheapest room went for $500 per night. Documents obtained by POLITICO also showed he was scheduled to visit expensive clothing stores and dined at Windsor Castle and Buckingham Palace.
Feb. 26 - It comes out that the Illinois lawmaker never disclosed receiving dinner or drinks during the London trip, POLITICO reports.
Feb. 27 - Schock suspends fundraising events.
The same day, POLITICO reports that Schock spent nearly $15,000 in government money for private flights between October and December.
March 1 - The Chicago Sun-Times reports that Schock used taxpayer money to fly from Peoria to Chicago for a Bears game the previous November.
March 6 - More details about Schock's international spending surface, as some in his circle and the House Republican Conference fear the Illinois lawmaker could face an Ethics Committee investigation. He holds a news conference but does not alert the national media.
March 9 - POLITICO finds that Schock misreported his payment for the private flight from Peoria to Chicago for the Bears game, indicating the more than $3,000 as a software expenditure. In reality, the $3,000 was a deposit in addition to the $10,000 that Schock previously disclosed that he was billed for the flight, said Keith Sillats, the chief technology officer for Bytelogics.
March 11 - POLITICO asks the congressman in his home district whether he thought he had broken any rules or federal regulations. "Well, I certainly hope not," Schock said. "I'm not an attorney."
March 16 - Investigators from the Office of Congressional Ethics start reaching out to people in Schock's circle.
March 16 - POLITICO asks Schock about tens of thousands of dollars in questionable mileage reimbursements.
March 17 - Schock announces his resignation, effective March 31.
The congressman's vehicle history was pieced together from dozens of pages of Illinois vehicle records.
When Schock transferred the SUV to an Illinois dealership in 2014, it had 81,860 miles on the odometer, documents show. However, from January 2010 to the end of July 2014, he billed the federal government for 123,131 miles on his personal vehicle. During the same period, the Republican billed his "Schock for Congress" campaign account and GOP Generation Y Fund, his leadership political action committee, for an additional 49,388 miles.
Altogether, Schock sought reimbursement for 172,520 miles on his car, despite the fact that he signed documents that certified the vehicle traveled less than half that distance.
Schock had no other vehicles registered in his name at the time, according to state public records. Multiple sources familiar with his office operations say he only drove the Tahoe during this period.
In November 2009, less than a year after Schock took his seat in Congress, the lawmaker bought the 2010 Tahoe from Green Chevrolet in Peoria. The dealership is owned by Jeff Green, a contributor to Schock who has flown the congressman around his district in his airplane and helicopter.
When Schock purchased the new car, it had four miles on it, according to publicly available automobile transaction documents.
On July 19, 2014, Schock transferred the car back to Green Chevrolet with 81,860 miles on it, according to a transfer document Schock signed.
On that same day in 2014, Schock bought a black 2015 Chevrolet Tahoe with 10 miles on it. Schock's campaign spent nearly $75,000 on the car, according to campaign filings, but the congressman registered the car in his own name. The SUV sports congressional license plates with the number "18" — the number of Schock's congressional district.
Between 2010 and 2014, the government mileage reimbursement requests were filed by Schock on a near-monthly basis. Members of Congress and staffers are permitted to bill the government and campaign for use of a personal vehicle, and, generally speaking, do not have to keep logs to record the miles they drive.
When asked about the mileage several weeks ago, Schock's office said the congressman spends a lot of time in automobiles and chartering private jets between events in his central Illinois district. His office also raised the possibility that staffers were driving his vehicle and weren't sure if it was permissible under the rules.
During the past month, Schock repaid the government $40,000 after spending money from his official office budget to redecorate his office to resemble the set of PBS's "Downton Abbey," an English historical drama. He also reimbursed taxpayers more than $1,200 after using his office account to pay to fly on a private plane to a Chicago Bears football game.
Separately, on a campaign-finance document, Schock labeled the cost of a November flight on a private plane as a software purchase. He has failed to report trips abroad, as required. And he held a fundraiser at a golf course without reporting paying for its use.
In an interview with POLITICO last week in Peoria, Schock could not say with certainty that he had not broken the law.
"I certainly hope not," Schock said. The Illinois Republican added that he was not an attorney, and therefore could not know whether he broke the law or ethics rules. Schock also declined to directly answer whether he had accepted improper gifts as a member of Congress.
News reports by POLITICO and the Chicago Sun-Times raised a series of questions about Schock's spending and record-keeping. The Office of Congressional Ethics opened an investigation of the lawmaker on Feb. 28 and has begun contacting his associates about appearing before the independent panel behind closed doors.
The OCE probe —and any potential Ethics Committee investigation — will disappear with Schock's resignation. However, federal law enforcement could still look into Schock's actions. He has two attorneys, former Federal Election Commission Commissioner Don McGahn and criminal defense attorney William McGinley, both of Jones Day. Ron Bonjean and Brian Walsh, two longtime GOP communications aides, are handling his press strategy.
Schock will remain in Congress until March 31.
Ethics,
Aaron Schock,


text:
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Solved 2016 Set 9
1.Mention a chemical reaction involving a homogeneous catalyst.
2.Write the balance equation for the reaction of CaNCN with water.
3.Give one chemical test to distinguish between ethanal(acetaldehyde) and benzaldehyde.
4.What type of bonding helps in stabilising the a-helix structure of proteins?
5.Explain, why MeNH2 is stronger base than MeOH?
6.While separating a mixture of ortho and para-nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reasons.
7.Niobium crystallises in body centred cubic structure. If density is 8.55 gem-3 , calculate atomic radius of niobium using its atomic mass 93 u.
8.An alloy of gold and cadmium crystallised with a cubic structure in which gold atom occupy the corners and cadmium atoms fit into the face centres. Assign formula for this alloy.
Give reasons.
(i)FeO(s) is not formed in stoichiometric composition.
(ii)The electrical conductivity of semiconductors increases with rise in temperature.
9.If 80% ofHg2Cl2 is ionised in the solution then what will be the van't Hoff factor of Hg2Cl2 in the given aqueous solution
12.(i) H3P02 and H3P03 act as good reducing agents while H3P04 does not. Discuss.
(ii) Explain, why both N and Bi do not form pentahalides while phosphorus does?
14.(i) Arrange the following compounds in the increasing order of dipole moment.CH3CH2 CH3, CH3CH2NH2, CH3CH2OH
(ii) How will you convert 3-methylaniline into 3-nitrotoluene? Give chemical equation.
15.Explain, how does 1, 3-butadiene polymerise by different routes?
16.(i) Explain the formation of nucleic acid.
(ii)Show the peptide linkage in glycylalanine.
17.Write the equations involved in the following reactions.
(i)Williamson's ether synthesis
(ii)Kolbe's reaction
19.(i) Name one substance which can act as both
(a)analgesics and antipyretic.
(b)antiseptic and disinfectant.
(ii) Explain broad spectrum antibiotics with suitable example.
20.Answer the following:
(i)How is copper extracted from low grade copper ores?
(ii)Although carbon and hydrogen are better reducing agents but they are not used to reduce metallic oxides at high temperatures. Why?
(iii)Give two differences between calcination and roasting.
21.(i) What happens when electric field is applied to colloidal solution?
(ii)Why does the white precipitate of silver halide become coloured in the presence of dye eosin?
(iii)What is the role of activated charcoal in gas mask used in coal mines?
Ans.Hydrogen bonding helps in stabilising the a-helix structure of proteins
Ans.Nitrogen is less electronegative than oxygen. Therefore, lone pair of electrons on nitrogen is readily available for donation. Hence, MeNH2 is more basic than MeOH
Ans.o-nitrophenol is steam volatile due to chelation and hence, can be separated by steam distillation from p-nitrophenol which is not steam volatile because of intermolecular H-bonding
Ans.1,3-butadiene is a conjugate diene and its free radical polymerisation can occur in following two ways :
(i) When the polymerisation takes place at C-| and C4 of butadiene, an unbranched polymer is formed.
It can exist either as trans-polybutadiene or as c/s-isomer or as a mixture of both
Ans.(i) Nucleic acids are biopolymers made up of nucleotide which are joined together to form a long chain. Each nucleotide is composed of a nucleoside bonded to a phosphate group and each nucleoside is composed of an aldopentose sugar linked to a heterocyclic purine or pyrimidine base
The nucleic acids, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), (the sugar component in RNA is ribose and the sugar in DNA is 2'-oxyribose) are the chemical carriers of a cell's genetic information. DNA has all the information that determines the nature of the cell, controls cell growth and division, and directs biosynthesis of the enzymes and other proteins required for all cellular functions
Ans.(i) Williamson's synthesis The reaction of alkyl halides with sodium alkoxide or sodium phenoxide to form ethers is called Williamson's synthesis.
(ii) Kolbe's reaction Sodium phenoxide reacts with carbon dioxide under pressure (4-7 atm) at 400 K to form salicylate which upon acidification with mineral acids gives salicylic acid. This reaction called Kolbe's reaction.
Ans.(i) (a) Aspirin acts as both analgesics and antipyretic
(b) 0.2% solution of phenol is an antiseptic while, its 1 % solution is disinfectant.
(ii) Antibiotic which kill or inhibit the growth of wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are called broad spectrum antibiotics, e.g. chloramphenicol
Ans.(i) When electric field is applied to colloidal solution then the charged particles of colloid start moving towards oppositely charged electrodes.
(ii) Eosin is adsorbed on the surface of silver halide precipitate making it coloured.
(iii)Activated charcoal acts as an adsorbent of various poisonous gases present in the coal mines.
(i) The given reaction is exothermic and thus, low temperature may favour forward reaction. But at low temperature, rate of formation of S03 (and thus FI^O^ is very slow. Thus, temperature is kept about 700 K. At low temperature, forward reaction is favoured but takes longer time and thus, is not economical.
(ii)Contact process is adopted by Industry A Since, it is
environment friendly. Lead chamber process uses lead and causes pollution.
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Our Half Cadillac tower can be converted into a wall tower set with the use of the wall brackets. The tower can be used with or without a reformer to provide flexibility in a busy Pilates studio.
The main advantage of using a wall mounted Pilates Cadillac / trapeze tower is so you can use a reformer which may not be able to accept a tower itself, such as our F1, C1 or C1R models, plus they can be used separately at the same time, e.g. one client using the tower and another using the reformer.
The Half Cadillac frame can be attached to A2 series reformers meaning if you wish to purchase this tower first, then you can always purchase a reformer to fit, should your future requirements change.
Special thanks to Queen St Pilates Studio supplied by Pilates Reformers Australia and Kauppi Sports Centre supplied by Gonsul Oy for studio images.
Dimensions – 190cm (H) x 78cm (W) x 63cm (D). Width between uprights 69cm.
Note: Limited assembly required. Fixings to attach the unit to the wall are not included as these are wall dependent.
Warning: this unit is only suitable for attachment to solid walls and cannot be used on stud walls. We recommend engaging a professional to attach to the wall for best results.


text:
Моде́ль ( от  «мера, аналог, образец») — система, исследование которой служит средством для получения информации о другой системе; представление некоторого реального процесса, устройства или концепции.

Модель есть абстрактное представление реальности в какой-либо форме (например, в математической, физической, символической, графической или дескриптивной), предназначенное для рассмотрения определённых аспектов этой реальности и позволяющее получить ответы на изучаемые вопросы.

Моделирование
Термином моделирование обозначают как построение (создание) моделей, так и их исследование. Одним и тем же системам могут быть сопоставлены несколько моделей разных видов.

Общие подходы к моделям

Общие требования к моделям
Моделирование всегда предполагает принятие допущений той или иной степени важности. При этом должны удовлетворяться следующие требования к моделям:
 адекватность, то есть соответствие модели исходной реальной системе и учёт, прежде всего, наиболее важных качеств, связей и характеристик. Оценить адекватность выбранной модели, особенно, например, на начальной стадии проектирования, когда вид создаваемой системы ещё неизвестен, очень сложно. В такой ситуации часто полагаются на опыт предшествующих разработок или применяют определённые методы, например, метод последовательных приближений;
 точность, то есть степень совпадения полученных в процессе моделирования результатов с заранее установленными, желаемыми. Здесь важной задачей является оценка требуемой точности результатов и имеющейся точности исходных данных, согласование их как между собой, так и с точностью используемой модели;
 универсальность, то есть применимость модели к анализу ряда однотипных систем в одном или нескольких режимах функционирования. Это позволяет расширить область применимости модели для решения большего круга задач;
 целесообразная экономичность, то есть точность получаемых результатов и общность решения задачи должны увязываться с затратами на моделирование. И удачный выбор модели, как показывает практика, — результат компромисса между отпущенными ресурсами и особенностями используемой модели;
 и др.

Выбор модели и обеспечение точности моделирования считается одной из самых важных задач моделирования.

Точность моделей и погрешности моделирования
Погрешности моделирования вызываются как объективными причинами, связанными с упрощением реальных систем, так и субъективными, обусловленными недостатком знаний и навыков, особенностями характера того или иного человека. Погрешности можно предотвратить, компенсировать, учесть. Всегда обязательна оценка правильности получаемых результатов. В технике быструю оценку точности модели часто проводят следующими способами:
 проверяют соответствие результатов физическому (здравому) смыслу. Удобно это делать для частного случая модели, когда решение очевидно. Иногда даже говорят, что ещё перед решением задачи инженер уже должен представлять характер и порядок ожидаемого результата. Но точность такого представления зависит от развитости физического воображения и опыта работы с подобными системами;
 проверяют выполнение частных очевидных условий задачи, что также позволяет отсечь неприемлемые решения;
 проверяют соблюдение тенденции изменения величин и знаков результатов (монотонность, цикличность, плавность
 проверяют правильность размерности полученного результата (если работа ведется с аналитическими зависимостями).

Известно, что посредством грубых измерений, использования контрольно-измерительных приборов с низкой точностью или приближенных исходных данных невозможно получить точные результаты. С другой стороны, бессмысленно вести, например, расчёт с точностью до грамма, если результат потом нужно округлять (скажем, указывать в формуляре) с точностью до ста грамм, или же определять среднюю величину точнее составляющих её значений, и т. д. Поэтому важно помнить о следующем:
 точность результатов расчётов и экспериментальных исследований модели не может превысить точности исходных данных, используемых приборов, измерительных инструментов
 вид выбираемой модели должен согласовываться с точностью исходных данных и требуемой точностью результатов;
 желаемая точность результатов должна соответствовать нуждам и реалиям практики.

Основные виды моделей
По способу отображения действительности различают три основных вида моделей — эвристические, натурные и математические.

Эвристические модели
Эвристические модели, как правило, представляют собой образы, рисуемые в воображении человека. Их описание ведётся словами естественного языка (например, вербальная информационная модель) и, обычно, неоднозначно и субъективно. Эти модели неформализуемы, то есть не описываются формально-логическими и математическими выражениями, хотя и рождаются на основе представления реальных процессов и явлений.

Эвристическое моделирование — основное средство вырваться за рамки обыденного и устоявшегося. Но способность к такому моделированию зависит, прежде всего, от богатства фантазии человека, его опыта и эрудиции. Эвристические модели используют на начальных этапах проектирования или других видов деятельности, когда сведения о разрабатываемой системе ещё скудны. На последующих этапах проектирования эти модели заменяют на более конкретные и точные.

Натурные модели
Отличительной чертой этих моделей является их подобие реальным системам (они материальны), а отличие состоит в размерах, числе и материале элементов и т. п. По принадлежности к предметной области модели подразделяют на следующие:
 Физические модели. Ими являются реальные изделия, образцы, экспериментальные и натурные модели, когда между параметрами системы и модели одинаковой физической природы существует однозначное соответствие. Выбор размеров таких моделей ведётся с соблюдением теории подобия. Физические модели подразделяются на объёмные (модели и макеты) и плоские (тремплеты):
 в данном случае под (физической) моделью понимают изделие или устройство, являющееся упрощённым подобием исследуемого объекта или позволяющее воссоздать исследуемый процесс или явление. Например, предметные модели, как уменьшенные копии оригинала (глобус как модель Земли, игрушечный самолёт с учётом его аэродинамики);
 под темплетом понимают изделие, являющееся плоским масштабным отображением объекта в виде упрощённой ортогональной проекции или его контурным очертанием. Тремплетеотанарные вырезают из плёнки, картона  и применяют при исследовании и проектировании зданий, установок, сооружений;
 под макетом понимают изделие, собранное из моделей и/или темплетов.
Физическое моделирование — основа наших знаний и средство проверки наших гипотез и результатов расчётов. Физическая модель позволяет охватить явление или процесс во всём их многообразии, наиболее адекватна и точна, но достаточно дорога, трудоёмка и менее универсальна. В том или ином виде с физическими моделями работают на всех этапах проектирования;
 Технические модели;
 Социальные модели;
 Экономические модели, например, Бизнес-модель;
 и т. д.

Математические модели

Математические модели — формализуемые, то есть представляют собой совокупность взаимосвязанных математических и формально-логических выражений, как правило, отображающих реальные процессы и явления (физические, психические, социальные и т. д.). По форме представления бывают:
 аналитические модели. Их решения ищутся в замкнутом виде, в виде функциональных зависимостей. Удобны при анализе сущности описываемого явления или процесса и использовании в других математических моделях, но отыскание их решений бывает весьма затруднено;
 численные модели. Их решения — дискретный ряд чисел (таблицы). Модели универсальны, удобны для решения сложных задач, но не наглядны и трудоемки при анализе и установлении взаимосвязей между параметрами. В настоящее время такие модели реализуют в виде программных комплексов — пакетов программ для расчета на компьютере. Программные комплексы бывают прикладные, привязанные к предметной области и конкретному объекту, явлению, процессу, и общие, реализующие универсальные математические соотношения (например, расчет системы алгебраических уравнений);
 формально-логические информационные модели — это модели, созданные на формальном языке.
Например:
 модель формальной системы в математике и логике как любая совокупность объектов, свойства которых и отношения между которыми удовлетворяют аксиомам и правилам вывода формальной системы, служащей тем самым совместным (неявным) определением такой совокупности;
 модель в теории алгебраических систем как совокупность некоторого множества и заданных на его элементах свойств и отношений;
 эталонная модель.

Построение математических моделей возможно следующими способами (более подробно — см. Математическая модель):
 аналитическим путём, то есть выводом из физических законов, математических аксиом или теорем;
 экспериментальным путём, то есть посредством обработки результатов эксперимента и подбора аппроксимирующих (приближённо совпадающих) зависимостей.

Математические модели более универсальны и дешевы, позволяют поставить «чистый» эксперимент (то есть в пределах точности модели исследовать влияние какого-то отдельного параметра при постоянстве других), прогнозировать развитие явления или процесса, отыскать способы управления ими. Математические модели — основа построения компьютерных моделей и применения вычислительной техники.

Результаты математического моделирования нуждаются в обязательном сопоставлении с данными физического моделирования — с целью проверки получаемых данных и для уточнения самой модели. С другой стороны, любая формула — это разновидность модели и, следовательно, не является абсолютной истиной, а всего лишь этап на пути её познания.

Промежуточные виды моделей
К промежуточным видам моделей можно отнести:

 графические модели. Занимают промежуточное место между эвристическими и математическими моделями. Представляют собой различные изображения:
 графы;
 схемы;
 эскизы. Этому упрощенному изображению некоторого устройства в значительной степени присущи эвристические черты;
 чертежи. Здесь уже конкретизированы внутренние и внешние связи моделируемого (проектируемого) устройства, его размеры;
 графики;
 полигональная модель в компьютерной графике как образ объекта, «сшитый» из множества многоугольников.
 аналоговые модели. Позволяют исследовать одни физические явления или математические выражения посредством изучения других физических явлений, имеющих аналогичные математические модели. В качестве примера можно привести метод динамических аналогий, широко применяемый в акустике (электроакустические аналогии), а также в механике;
 и др.

Существует и другие виды «пограничных» моделей, например, экономико-математическая и т. д.

Выбор типа модели зависит от объёма и характера исходной информации о рассматриваемом устройстве и возможностей инженера, исследователя. По возрастанию степени соответствия реальности модели можно расположить в следующий ряд: эвристические (образные) — математические — натурные (экспериментальные).

Виды моделей
Количество параметров, характеризующих поведение не только реальной системы, но и её модели, очень велико. Для упрощения процесса изучения реальных систем выделяют четыре уровня их моделей, различающиеся количеством и степенью важности учитываемых свойств и параметров. Это — функциональная, принципиальная, структурная и параметрическая модели.

Функциональная модель
Функциональная модель предназначена для изучения особенностей работы (функционирования) системы и её назначения во взаимосвязи с внутренними и внешними элементами.

Функция — самая существенная характеристика любой системы, отражает её предназначение, то, для чего она нужна. Подобные модели оперируют, прежде всего, с функциональными параметрами. Графическим представлением этих моделей служат блок-схемы. Они отображают порядок действий, направленных на достижение заданных целей (т. н. 'функциональная схема').
Функциональной моделью является абстрактная модель.

Модель принципа действия
Модель принципа действия (принципиальная модель, концептуальная модель) характеризует самые существенные (принципиальные) связи и свойства реальной системы. Это — основополагающие физические, биологические, химические, социальные и тому подобные явления, обеспечивающие функционирование системы, или любые другие принципиальные положения, на которых базируется планируемая деятельность или исследуемый процесс. Стремятся к тому, чтобы количество учитываемых свойств и характеризующих их параметров было небольшим (оставляют наиболее важные), а обозримость модели — максимальной, так чтобы трудоёмкость работы с моделью не отвлекала внимание от сущности исследуемых явлений. Как правило, описывающие подобные модели параметры — функциональные, а также физические характеристики процессов и явлений. Принципиальные исходные положения (методы, способы, направления и так далее) лежат в основе любой деятельности или работы.
 Так, принцип действия технической системы — это последовательность выполнения определённых действий, базирующихся на определённых физических явлениях (эффектах), которые обеспечивают требуемое функционирование этой системы.
 Примеры моделей принципа действия: фундаментальные и прикладные науки (например, принцип построения модели, исходные принципы решения задачи), общественная жизнь (например, принципы отбора кандидатов, оказания помощи), экономика (например, принципы налогообложения, исчисления прибыли), культура (например, художественные принципы).

Работа с моделями принципа действия позволяет определить перспективные направления разработки (например, механика или электротехника) и требования к возможным материалам (твердые или жидкие, металлические или неметаллические, магнитные или немагнитные и так далее).
 Правильный выбор принципиальных основ функционирования предопределяет жизнеспособность и эффективность разрабатываемого решения. Так, сколько бы ни совершенствовали конструкцию самолёта с винтомоторным двигателем, он никогда не разовьет сверхзвуковую скорость, не говоря уже о полётах на больших высотах. Только использование другого физического принципа, например, реактивного движения и созданного на его основе реактивного двигателя, позволит преодолеть звуковой барьер.

Графическим представлением моделей принципа действия служат блок-схема, функциональная схема, принципиальная схема.
 Например, для технических моделей эти схемы отражают процесс преобразования вещества, как материальной основы устройства, посредством определённых энергетических воздействий с целью реализации потребных функций (функционально-физическая схема). На схеме виды и направления воздействия, например, изображаются стрелками, а объекты воздействия — прямоугольниками.

Структурная модель
Четкого определения структурной модели не существует. Так, под структурной моделью устройства могут подразумевать:
 Структурную схему, которая представляет собой упрощенное графическое изображение устройства, дающее общее представление о форме, расположении и числе наиболее важных его частей и их взаимных связях.
 Топологическую модель, которая отражает взаимные связи между объектами, не зависящие от их геометрических свойств.

Под структурной моделью процесса обычно подразумевают характеризующую его последовательность и состав стадий и этапов работы, совокупность процедур и привлекаемых технических средств, взаимодействие участников процесса.
 Например, — это могут быть упрощенное изображение звеньев механизма в виде стержней, плоских фигур (механика), прямоугольники с линиями со стрелками (теория автоматического управления, блок-схемы алгоритмов), план литературного произведения или законопроекта  Степень упрощения зависит от полноты исходных данных об исследуемом устройстве и потребной точности результатов. На практике виды структурных схем могут варьироваться от несложных небольших схем (минимальное число частей, простота форм их поверхностей) до близких к чертежу изображений (высокая степень подробности описания, сложность используемых форм поверхностей).

Модель структуры системы (структурная модель системы) описывает состав системы и взаимосвязи между объектами системы и связи с окружающей средой, то есть входы и выходы. Часто такую систему изображают в виде графа (могут быть указаны виды отношений) и описывают в виде структурной схемы.

Возможно изображение структурной схемы в масштабе. Такую модель относят к структурно-параметрической. Её примером служит кинематическая схема механизма, на которой размеры упрощенно изображенных звеньев (длины линий-стержней, радиусы колес-окружностей и т. д.) нанесены в масштабе, что позволяет дать численную оценку некоторым исследуемым характеристикам.

Для повышения полноты восприятия на структурных схемах в символьном (буквенном, условными знаками) виде могут указывать параметры, характеризующие свойства отображаемых систем. Исследование таких схем позволяет установить соотношения (функциональные, геометрические и т. п.) между этими параметрами, то есть представить их взаимосвязь в виде равенств f (x1, х2, …) = 0, неравенств f (x1, х2, …) > 0 и в иных выражениях.

Параметрическая модель
Под параметрической моделью понимается математическая модель, позволяющая установить количественную связь между функциональными и вспомогательными параметрами системы.
Графической интерпретацией такой модели в технике служит чертеж устройства или его частей с указанием численных значений параметров.

Классификация моделей

По целям исследований
В зависимости от целей исследования выделяют следующие модели:
 функциональные. Предназначены для изучения особенностей работы (функционирования) системы, её назначения во взаимосвязи с внутренними и внешними элементами;
 функционально-физические. Предназначены для изучения физических (реальных) явлений, используемых для реализации заложенных в систему функций;
 модели процессов и явлений, такие как кинематические, прочностные, динамические и другие. Предназначены для исследования тех или иных свойств и характеристик системы, обеспечивающих её эффективное функционирование.

По особенностям представления
С целью подчеркнуть отличительную особенность модели их подразделяют на простые и сложные, однородные и неоднородные, открытые и закрытые, статические и динамические, вероятностные и детерминированные  Когда говорят, например, о техническом устройстве как простом или сложном, закрытом или открытом и т. п., в действительности подразумевают не само устройство, а возможный вид его модели, таким образом подчеркивая особенность состава или условий работы.
 Четкого правила разделения моделей на сложные и простые не существует. Обычно признаком сложных моделей служит многообразие выполняемых функций, большое число составных частей, разветвленный характер связей, тесная взаимосвязь с внешней средой, наличие элементов случайности, изменчивость во времени и другие. Понятие сложности системы — субъективно и определяется необходимыми для его исследования затратами времени и средств, потребным уровнем квалификации, то есть зависит от конкретного случая и конкретного специалиста.
 Разделение систем на однородные и неоднородные проводится в соответствии с заранее выбранным признаком: используемые физические явления, материалы, формы  При этом одна и та же модель при разных подходах может быть и однородной, и неоднородной. Так, велосипед — однородное механическое устройство, поскольку использует механические способы передачи движения, но неоднородное по типам материалов, из которых изготовлены отдельные части (резиновая шина, стальная рама, пластиковое седло).
 Все устройства взаимодействуют с внешней средой, обмениваются с нею сигналами, энергией, веществом. Модели относят к открытым, если их влиянием на окружающую среду или воздействием внешних условий на их состояние и качество функционирования пренебречь нельзя. В противном случае системы рассматривают как закрытые, изолированные.
 Динамические модели, в отличие от статических, находятся в постоянном развитии, их состояние и характеристики изменяются в процессе работы и с течением времени.
 Характеристики вероятностных (иными словами, стохастических) моделей случайным образом распределяются в пространстве или меняются во времени. Это является следствием как случайного распределения свойств материалов, геометрических размеров и форм объекта, так и случайного характера воздействия внешних нагрузок и условий. Характеристики детерминированных моделей заранее известны и точно предсказуемы.

Знание этих особенностей облегчает процесс моделирования, так как позволяет выбрать вид модели, наилучшим образом соответствующей заданным условиям. Этот выбор основывается на выделении в системе существенных и отбрасывании второстепенных факторов и должен подтверждаться исследованиями или предшествующим опытом. Наиболее часто в процессе моделирования ориентируются на создание простой модели, что позволяет сэкономить время и средства на её разработку. Однако повышение точности модели, как правило, связано с ростом её сложности, так как необходимо учитывать большое число факторов и связей. Разумное сочетание простоты и потребной точности и указывает на предпочтительный вид модели.

Моделирование в психологии

В психологии моделирование — это исследование психических феноменов и процессов при помощи реальных (физических) или идеальных моделей.

Психологическое моделирование рассматривается как создание формальной модели психического или социально-психологического феномена, то есть формализованной абстракции данного феномена, воспроизводящей основные, ключевые, — по мнению данного исследователя, — моменты. Целью такого моделирования может быть как экспериментальное изучение феномена на модели, так и использование модели при профессиональном образовании (обучении, тренировке). В этом плане различают две разновидности моделей:
 Внутренние, психические модели (как совокупность психических образов) человека, в которых отражается субъективная картина мира или его частей (например, психические модели профессии, профессиональной среды, профессиональной деятельности, Я-концепция и др.). Эти психические модели «обеспечивают» деятельность человека, определяют его отношение к миру и к себе. Выдающийся отечественный психолог В. Н. Пушкин в 1965 г. писал, что «нет ни одного вида человеческого труда, в основе которого не было бы соответствующей формы информационного моделирования мира», а в качестве предмета изучения психологической науки учёный предлагал рассматривать «выяснение закономерностей построения и работы мозговых информационных моделей внешнего мира», обслуживающих поведение человека. Внутренние, психические модели также называются рабочими ментальными моделями объектов. Такие ментальные модели содержаться и актуализируются не только в сфере сознания, но и на уровне бессознательного. Это позволяет бессознательному формировать имплицитные выводы, совершаемые на основе сопоставления получаемой информации с хранящимися в памяти фрагментами опыта и знаний. Такие выводы зачастую не являются логически адекватными, однако помогают осуществлять быстрые действия в экстремальных ситуациях. Имплицитные заключения более быстрые, потому, что не выводятся на уровень рефлексии, их результаты появляются в сознании как «deus ex machina», в виде готовых решений.
 Объективизированные («рукотворные») модели — системы объектов или знаков, которые воспроизводят некоторые существенные свойства системы-оригинала (вербальные и знаковые модели профессии, профессиональной среды, профессиональной деятельности, самосознания человека и т. п.). Они создаются на основе предварительного изучения и достигнутого исследователем понимания психических процессов (психологической структуры деятельности, самосознания и т. д.), а также фрагментов объективного мира, в котором происходят изучаемые явления (например, конкретная деятельность человека). Такие модели — как своеобразные дидактические средства, важны для обеспечения профессионального обучения и профессиональной подготовки и связаны, в том числе, с педагогическим проектированием. Такие модели могут иметь описательный характер.

Модели специалиста (профессионала)
Согласно К. К. Платонову (1970 г.) выделяют три вида моделей профессионала:
 нормативная модель составляется на основе инструкций, уставов, программ подготовки и т. п.
 экспективная (от  — ожидание) модель обусловлена мнениями экспертов, хорошо владеющих данной профессией
 эмпирическая модель описывает реально существующего в определённых условиях профессионала
В современных представлениях модель специалиста включает включает следующие компоненты:
 профессиограмму — описание психологических требований профессии к деятельности и личности работника
 профессионально-должностные требования — описание конкретного содержания деятельности, его профессиональных задач в условиях конкретной должности, на конкретном рабочем месте
 квалификационный профиль — сочетание необходимых видов профессиональной деятельности и степени их квалификации, квалификационные разряды и т. п.
При разработки в таком виде модели специалиста считается, что особое внимание следует уделять разработке качественных (в отличие от количественных) и эталонных требований к профессионалу. Модель специалиста предстает как образ профессионала, каким он должен быть — выраженный вербально (словесно) и зафиксированный в определённой нормативной документации.

Модель профессии
Психологическая модель профессии, по С. А. Дружилову, включает три составляющие (субмодели):
 Психологическая модель профессиональной среды (профсреды). Профсреда включает в свой состав объект и предмет труда, средства труда, профессиональные задачи, условия труда, а также человеческое (профессиональное) окружение. Система представлений о компонентах профсреды (система образов) составляет внутреннюю, психическую модель профессиональной среды. В качестве необходимой составляющей составляющей модели профсреды входит психологическая модель ситуации проблемности.
 Психологическая модель профессиональной деятельности (как система образов взаимодействия человека с профессиональной средой, а также образов целей, результатов, способов их достижения, алгоритмов, возможных последствий ошибочных действий и др.). Имеется в виду концептуальная модель деятельности, рассматриваемая как внутренняя, психическая образно-понятийно-действенная модель, сформированная в голове деятеля в процессе профессионального образования и приобретения опыта работы.
 Психологическая модель самосознания человека-профессионала (как индивида, личности, субъекта деятельности и индивидуальности), включая систему его свойств и отношений. В качестве таковой модели служит внутренняя профессиональная Я-концепция человека.

Моделирование деятельности: специфика
Деятельность как объект моделирования специфична уже тем, что она может быть представлена и как структура, и как процесс.

См. также

 Модель (значения)
 Аналогия
 Бизнес-симуляция
 Научная картина мира
 Параметр (техника)
 Физическая модель (моделирование)

Примечания

Литература

 Неуймин Я. Г. Модели в науке и технике. История, теория, и практика. Л., 1984
 Штофф В. А. О роли модели в познании Л., 1963
 Юдин А. Д. Экстремальные модели в экономике. М., 1979.

Ссылки

Математическое моделирование
Моделирование
Научные понятия
Проектирование

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Android display.getWidth/height returning wrong sizes for device? I have a small class that needs to keep track of the devices width and height.
public class BrScreenMetrics {
public static int screenX=0;
public static int screenY=0;

public static void setMetrics(Activity activity)
{

    WindowManager w = activity.getWindowManager();
    Display d = w.getDefaultDisplay();
    screenX = d.getWidth();
    screenY = d.getHeight();

}

}
With each new activity i unvoke the line:
BrScreenMetrics.setMetrics(this);

which updates the values on rotation etc... This works great, except that it is returning 320x522, not my desire's 480x800.
What am i doing wrong?
Slight Update:
I tried it with this code as well using androids own metrics class:
    public static void setMetrics(Activity activity)
{
   DisplayMetrics metrics = new DisplayMetrics();
   activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(metrics);
   screenX = metrics.widthPixels;
   screenY = metrics.heightPixels;

}

but it is still 320x522 :(

A: Thanks looking into the manifest was indeed the right way, I found out in the end i needed

with a minimum requirement of 4-6.
Here is my utility if anyone finds it useful or can offer ways to make it better:
package se.brickit.foundation;
//Open comment block above for info.

import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Display;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.webkit.WebSettings.ZoomDensity;

public class BrScreenMetrics {
    private static int screenWidthPX = 0;
    private static int screenHeightPX = 0;
    private static int densityDpi = 0;
    private static DisplayMetrics metrics;

    public static void setMetrics(Activity activity) {
        DisplayMetrics metrics = new DisplayMetrics();
        activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(metrics);
        screenWidthPX = metrics.widthPixels;
        screenHeightPX = metrics.heightPixels;
        densityDpi = metrics.densityDpi;

    }

    /**
     * @return the screenWidthPX
     */
    public static int getScreenWidthPX() {
        return screenWidthPX;
    }

    /**
     * @param screenWidthPX
     *            the screenWidthPX to set
     */
    public static void setScreenWidthPX(int screenWidthPX) {
        BrScreenMetrics.screenWidthPX = screenWidthPX;
    }

    /**
     * @return the screenHeightPX
     */
    public static int getScreenHeightPX() {
        return screenHeightPX;
    }

    /**
     * @param screenHeightPX
     *            the screenHeightPX to set
     */
    public static void setScreenHeightPX(int screenHeightPX) {
        BrScreenMetrics.screenHeightPX = screenHeightPX;
    }

    /**
     * @return the densityDpi
     */
    public static int getDensityDpi() {
        return densityDpi;
    }

    /**
     * @param densityDpi
     *            the densityDpi to set
     */
    public static void setDensityDpi(int densityDpi) {
        BrScreenMetrics.densityDpi = densityDpi;
    }

    /**
     * @return the metrics
     */
    public static DisplayMetrics getMetrics() {
        return metrics;
    }

    /**
     * @return the density
     */
    public static ZoomDensity getZoomDensity() {
        if (densityDpi < 140)
            return ZoomDensity.CLOSE;
        if (densityDpi < 210)
            return ZoomDensity.MEDIUM;
        return ZoomDensity.FAR;
    }

    public static int getStatusBarHeight() {
        ZoomDensity zd = getZoomDensity();

        if (zd == ZoomDensity.CLOSE)
            return 19;
        else if (zd == ZoomDensity.MEDIUM)
            return 25;
        else
            return 38;

    }

}

A: you get the right dimensions of the screen with dp ,
 if you want to get the real dimensions in pixels , add this to your AndroidManifest.xml
<supported-screens android:anyDensity="true" />

Note : that's possible only on Android 1.6 sdk , or higher
Hope it helps :)


Driver fusion genes frequently detected in thyroid and lung cancers are targetable by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and are highly promiscuous, forming fusions with multiple partners.
Current methods to detect gene fusions in clinical samples, such as FISH and IHC, cannot identify fusion partners.
Anchored Multiple PCR (AMP™) enriches for both known and unknown gene fusions, enabling sensitive NGS-based detection of novel fusions by breakpoint identification and confirmation by expression imbalance.
Our data show that AMP-based NGS detected an EML4-ALK fusion in an NSCLC FFPE sample that was ambiguous by ALK break-apart FISH testing.
Recurrent gene fusions have been implicated as oncogenic drivers in an array of human cancers and are particularly frequent in thyroid and lung cancers (1, 2). Fusions involving ALK, RET and ROS1 are the most commonly detected genetic rearrangements in these cancers. These genes encode receptor tyrosine kinases and are targetable by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) (i.e. crizotinib is clinically approved for ALK fusions in NSCLC) (3, 4). However, these genes are also highly promiscuous, forming fusion genes with multiple partners (i.e. ALK has at least 22 known partners) (5-16). This diverse nature of targetable driver gene fusions in thyroid and lung cancers necessitates methods to detect fusions with both known and unknown partners in clinical sample types.
Conventionally, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in conjunction with RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing has been used to detect and confirm gene fusions in clinical specimens. However, these methods cannot detect novel fusion genes. Traditional FISH requires prior knowledge of fusion partner genes, and, while break-apart FISH detects fusions with known and unknown partners, it cannot identify these partner genes. RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing also requires prior knowledge of fusion partners for opposing primer design. IHC has recently been recognized as a more sensitive alternative to FISH, however fusion events are only inferred based on resulting expression levels and therefore IHC cannot detect novel fusions (17).
The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies has enabled the objective identification of novel fusion genes (18). NGS-based whole transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) identifies both known and unknown fusions by breakpoint identification. However, the comprehensive nature of this approach results in low sensitivity in fusion detection, a significant hurdle in detecting gene fusions from low input clinical sample types. Target enrichment strategies greatly enhance detection sensitivity, increasing the read depth over target regions of interest and enabling fusion detection from low input clinical samples. However, amplicon-based target enrichment strategies require prior knowledge of fusion partners for opposing primer design and therefore cannot be used to identify novel fusion genes. Anchored Multiple PCR (AMP™) enriches for both known and unknown fusion genes, enabling sensitive detection of novel fusions by NGS-based breakpoint identification. Archer's FusionPlex CTL assay uses AMP to enrich for genes relevant to thyroid and lung cancers.
Imbalanced expression within rearranged genes can occur if a portion of the gene is inserted downstream of an alternate promoter. This expression imbalance is particularly frequent in fusion genes associated with thyroid and lung cancers. AMP-based target enrichment uses molecular barcodes that enable the counting of unique molecules across a region to assess differences of expression levels across target genes. Thus, expression imbalance detected using the FusionPlex CTL assay provides internal verification of gene fusions detected by breakpoint identification.
To test our FusionPlex CTL assay, we obtained an NSCLC FFPE specimen from a collaborator that was ambiguous by ALK break-apart FISH testing, the standard method currently used to detect ALK fusions (19-22). We extracted RNA from this sample, prepared a library using FusionPlex CTL and sequenced the library on an Illumina® MiSeq. We then used Archer Analysis v3.3 to analyze the sequencing data. As shown in the figure below, the FusionPlex CTL assay enabled NGS-based detection of an EML4-ALK fusion. Hundreds of sequencing reads originating from unique input molecules spanned the breakpoint and showed fusion of EML4 exon 12 to ALK exon 20 (top panel). This is consistent with previous reports that EML4-ALK fusions result from fusion of EML4 exons 1-13 to ALK exons 20-29 (9). Here, ALK-specific unidirectional primers used in AMP enabled sensitive and objective identification of EML4 as the fusion partner for ALK. Furthermore, expression imbalance of ALK was observed with a highly expressed region downstream of exon 20 in contrast to a lack of expression upstream of exon 20 (bottom panel). This confirms the ALK rearrangement at exon 20, supporting the fusion call by breakpoint sequence identification. Here, AMP disambiguated an inconclusive ALK break-apart FISH result by EML4-ALK breakpoint identification and ALK expression imbalance.
Detection of an EML4-ALK fusion by breakpoint sequence identification confirmed internally by expression imbalance of ALK using the Archer FusionPlex CTL Kit. Top: Read statistics and visualization of the fusion EML4 exon 12 and ALK exon 20 in Archer Analysis and sequencing reads spanning the breakpoint of EML4-ALK. The EML4-ALK fusion was called with 1,281 unique supporting reads. Bottom: Expression imbalance was observed with a highly expressed region of ALK downstream of Exon 20 (red) in contrast to lack of expression upstream of Exon 20 (black). Expression difference: p=0.01.
Espinosa, A., J. Gilbert. 2016. Molecular Profiling of Thyroid Cancer. My Cancer Genome https://www.mycancergenome.org/content/disease/thyroid-cancer/ (Updated January 26).
G. R. Oxnard, A. Binder, P. A. Jänne, New targetable oncogenes in non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 31, 1097–1104 (2013).
T. Kohno et al., RET fusion gene: translation to personalized lung cancer therapy. Cancer Sci. 104, 1396–1400 (2013).
K. Rikova et al., Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer. Cell. 131, 1190–1203 (2007).
Y. L. Choi et al., Identification of novel isoforms of the EML4-ALK transforming gene in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res. 68, 4971–4976 (2008).
L. Horn, W. Pao, EML4-ALK: honing in on a new target in non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 27, 4232–4235 (2009).
J. P. Koivunen et al., EML4-ALK Fusion Gene and Efficacy of an ALK Kinase Inhibitor in Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 14, 4275–4283 (2008).
M. Soda et al., Identification of the transforming EML4–ALK fusion gene in non-small-cell lung cancer. Nature. 448, 561–566 (2007).
K. Takeuchi et al., Multiplex reverse transcription-PCR screening for EML4-ALK fusion transcripts. Clin Cancer Res. 14, 6618–6624 (2008).
K. Takeuchi et al., KIF5B-ALK, a novel fusion oncokinase identified by an immunohistochemistry-based diagnostic system for ALK-positive lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 15, 3143–3149 (2009).
D. W.-S. Wong et al., The EML4-ALKfusion gene is involved in various histologic types of lung cancers from nonsmokers with wild-type EGFRand KRAS. Cancer. 115, 1723–1733 (2009).
T. Nakaoku et al., Druggable oncogene fusions in invasive mucinous lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 20, 3087–3093 (2014).
M. E. Lira et al., A single-tube multiplexed assay for detecting ALK, ROS1, and RET fusions in lung cancer. J Mol Diagn. 16, 229–243 (2014).
B. Hallberg, R. H. Palmer, Mechanistic insight into ALK receptor tyrosine kinase in human cancer biology. Nature Publishing Group. 13, 685–700 (2013).
M. Pekar-Zlotin et al., Fluorescence in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and next-generation sequencing for detection of EML4-ALK rearrangement in lung cancer. Oncologist. 20, 316–322 (2015).
C. Kumar-Sinha, S. Kalyana-Sundaram, Landscape of gene fusions in epithelial cancers: seq and ye shall find. Genome Medicine. 7, 85 (2015).
M. P. Martelli et al., EML4-ALK rearrangement in non-small cell lung cancer and non-tumor lung tissues. Am. J. Pathol. 174, 661–670 (2009).
J. M. Boland et al., Anaplastic lymphoma kinase immunoreactivity correlates with ALK gene rearrangement and transcriptional up-regulation in non-small cell lung carcinomas. Hum. Pathol. 40, 1152–1158 (2009).
A. T. Shaw et al., Clinical features and outcome of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who harbor EML4-ALK. J. Clin. Oncol. 27, 4247–4253 (2009).
S. Perner et al., EML4-ALK fusion lung cancer: a rare acquired event. Neoplasia. 10, 298–302 (2008).


text:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.mudroid.hellomudroid"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:maxSdkVersion="15"
        android:minSdkVersion="7"
        android:targetSdkVersion="15" />

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

    <application
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.Sherlock" >
        <uses-library android:name="com.google.android.maps" />

        <activity
            android:name=".HelloMudroidActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


How do I connect my personal computer to the CBU network?To connect your personal wireless device to the wireless network, please refer to the Wireless Instructions. To connect a wired device to our network, please register your MAC address by visiting the Help Desk Request Form and select "Network" under request type. The form will ask you "New device?" Select "Yes" and proceed to complete the form.
What is a "Jack Number"?
A serial number will appear above or below the jack in which you will insert your network (ethernet) cable. Please provide us with these characters when registering a new wired network device. Please note that one of the ports on your panel is a voice port! It may be embossed with the word "Voice" or its serial number may end in "V". If your serial number ends in "G", this is your network port (although not all jack numbers end in "G").
What is VPN and how do I use it?
VPN (Virtual Private Network) allows any faculty or staff member to connect to the CBU intranet from anywhere in the world. This can be used to perform tasks such as accessing a network drive or other systems not accessible from the internet. Please follow the Instructions for setting up VPN and do not hesitate to contact the Help Desk if you need assistance.
This normal wireless network is broadcast with the SSID of 'CBU' and requires authentication using a CBU Active Directory username and password to connect. For CBU students, this is also known as your Gmail password. For faculty and staff, this is most commonly known as your Exchange/Outlook password.
The following operating systems have been known to work on this SSID. Sometimes a device fails to work with this SSID but will work with a different SSID. If you are having problems connecting, please contact the Help Desk.
EAP: PEAP (MSCHAPv2) After you enter these parameters into your software, you should be able to supply your CBU Active Directory username and password and connect to the network.


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The rates displayed by our free currency converter are neither " buy" nor " sell" rates, but interbank rates, the wholesale exchange rates between banks for transaction amounts over $ 5 million USD equivalent. Crazy High Currency Exchange Fees: How to Stop the Banks from Taking Advantage of You. History rates are also available. The currency code for Dollars is NZD, and the currency symbol is $.
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text:
Invicta FC
Legacy Fighting Alliance
UFC's new ESPN deal marks the beginning of a new era
The Scrap December 30, 2018 2 min read
As of January, the UFC will start its five-year partnership with ESPN, the most popular mainstream sports network.
Seeing how far the UFC has come from its days with Spike TV, it says a lot on the sport and the company itself. Going from Spike to FX, then Fox, was a huge deal for the UFC. They will now be able to provide UFC fans with fights on the best sports network, making the opportunities to be limitless.
So what does this mean for the sport in general and the UFC?
It means higher ratings, a whole new audience, and a bigger platform to be covered by shows like First Take and Sports Center. The UFC will also have access to some of the best sports journalists to ever cover the sport of MMA. People are still very unaware that MMA is still growing and with the UFC being the pinnacle of the sport, ESPN will bring it to new heights. Promotions outside of the UFC will continue to benefit as well, the more mainstream MMA becomes. We've seen a rise of other promotions this year and the first ever MMA trade in history. Because of this, promotions like the Professional Fighters League, Bellator, Invicta FC, and Legacy Fighting Alliance will benefit with more viewership.
This could also change how much fighters are making in the UFC.
It could mean more money for the fighters and larger fight night bonuses, although fighters like Conor McGregor and Daniel Cormier will most likely only fight on PPV. However, you can expect over 20 fight cards next year, with the best fighters the UFC has to offer and a platform for new stars.
2019 will be one of the best years for both the UFC and MMA.
Follow our writer Hiram Alvarado (@hiramwritesmma).
The eight best dressed men of the UFC
Holly Holm wasn't the only one to lose big at UFC 208
Cris Cyborg vs. Megan Anderson title fight slated for UFC 214
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Welcome..!!!!!!.This is the home page of the Non Contiguous Orthogonal Frequency division multiplexing( NC-OFDM )project.
Cognitive radio is one of the most important research areas at Winlab. A part of this research involves in studying Dynamic Spectrum Access techniques employed to enable use of the White space in communications. My focus of this research is to see whether LabVIEW RT and FPGA is a feasible and efficient platform to perform spectrum sensing and transmission of signals in white space. Non Contiguous OFDM is one of the techniques to employ Dynamic Spectrum Access. In simple terms, NC OFDM is normal OFDM with a mask. The mask is just as string of 1s and 0s whose size depends on the frequency sensing range of the Cognitive Radio. A bit in the mask indicates the presence or absence of a carrier. In NC OFDM we suppress the carriers which interfere with the primary transmission thereby enabling efficient use of the spectrum. For this summer, my aim would be to implement an NC OFDM transceiver on the NI PXIe8133 setup at CORE 532.
My seniors who have already worked on this project before have developed the NC OFDM system on the USRP2. The USRP2 is a good platform for development of spectrum sensing applications but it is slightly complex and requires knowledge and understanding of scripting languages like Python. Debugging also becomes a problem if the signal processing blocks are not understood correctly. The LabVIEW programming language employs a datapath model for coding rather than a command based approach which is employed by C, C++, MATLAB etc. Programming in LabVIEW is easy once the programmer gets used to the block diagram approach. Through implementation of the NC- OFDM transceiver, I will be able to draw a comparison between using LabVIEW RT and USRP2.


text:
Q: Web Forms - Entity Framework Context Disposal I have a .NET 4 Web Application (Web Forms) that uses Entity Framework to manage data with a MySQL Database. For every Page, I create the context for this Model in the Page_Load.
 string connString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["dbconnection"].ToString();
 MyModel = new MyEntities(connString);

Now, in subsequent actions on the Page I can use MyModel to retrieve and update data. This is clean and simple to me, but I always assumed .NET discarded the previous Page's MyModel when a new page request was made. I realize this may not be the case? and Memory may be being used inefficiently.
I have seen a good case being made for incorporating the using (MyEntities MyModel = new MyEntities (ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["dbconnection"].ToString())) that handles disposal, but this does not seem clean if I have 6+ actions on a Page each needing to recreate the context when called (Not that my current method does any better).
Is there a clean way to create a context once on initial Page Load and dispose of it when a new page is called, non-postback is called, or the user's session ends?

A: You can override virtual Dispose method of System.Web.UI.Control and dispose of your context there:
public override void Dispose()
{
  if (MyModel != null)
    MyModel.Dispose();
  base.Dispose();
}

Further, you can make MyModel into a property with the context created on demand:
private MyEntities fMyModel = null;

protected MyEntities MyModel
{
  get
  {
    if (fMyModel == null)
    {
      string connString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["dbconnection"].ToString();
      fMyModel = new MyEntities(connString);
    }
    return fMyModel;
  }
}

Then, in Dispose work with the field:
public override void Dispose()
{
  if (fMyModel != null)
    fMyModel.Dispose();
  base.Dispose();
}

Furthermore, you can create a base Page class with the above property and Dispose override and inherit your pages from it - then you do not need to repeat this code in all your pages.

A: The easiest thing to do would be to add a call to Dispose() on your data context in the Unload event on the page.
protected void Page_Unload(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    MyModel.Dispose();
}

A better way that I think should be used as default for web applications (doesn't matter if it is WebForms or MVC is to create one data context per request and dispose it when the request ends. To do that easily you can use an IoC container framework such as Ninject.


text:
REAL ID: What you need to get one
Watch WAVY-TV 10 News at 6:30pm
Massachusetts man gets life for 2009 Newport News murder
by: WAVY News Staff
Posted: Jul 25, 2018 / 12:43 PM EDT / Updated: Jul 25, 2018 / 12:43 PM EDT
NEWPORT NEWS, Va. (WAVY) — A Massachusetts man will spend the rest of his life in prison for a 2009 Newport News murder.
A judge on Tuesday sentenced 36-year-old James Benson for his role in the shooting death of Louis Joseph Jr.
The U.S. Attorney's Office said Benson and two other men — Mark Xavier Wallace of Williamsburg and Bryan Lamar Brown, of Newport News — shot and killed Louis Joseph Jr. of Newport News. A jury convicted the trio in April.
Court documents show Benson beat and shot Joseph at his home while he was babysitting a 5-year-old.
Brown was sentenced earlier this month to 45 years for his role in Joseph's death.
Wallace is scheduled to be sentenced on Aug. 6.
by Stephanie Harris / Jan 21, 2020
VIRGINIA (WAVY) -- You could have a real problem if you don't have a REAL ID by Oct. 1 this year.
Even if you don't have immediate plans to fly, Norfolk Airport Authority Deputy Executive Director Steve Sterling says you should be prepared to fly in case of unexpected situations or emergencies.
by WAVY Web Staff / Jan 21, 2020
JAMES CITY COUNTY, Va. (WAVY) -- Three people are facing charges after they allegedly poured milk, mustard, honey and other food items all over their hotel room at the Historic Powhatan Resort on New Year's Eve.
James City County Police spokeswoman Stephanie Williams said Patrick Charite, 25, of Orlando, Florida, Divina Hernandez, 21, of Richmond, and Briana Briggs, 22, of North Chesterfield are charged with destruction of property and conspiracy to commit a felony.
by Associated Press / Jan 21, 2020
RICHMOND, Va. (WAVY) -- The Virginia Senate has advanced legislation that would allow authorities to take guns away from people deemed dangerous to themselves or others.
The Democratic-led Senate gave preliminary approval to approved the so-called "red flag" law. The move comes a day after tens of thousands of gun-rights activists rallied peacefully at the state Capitol.
Norfolk / 2 hours ago
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