First Call Services is serving South Palm Beach and Broward County communities', providing expertise on energy conservation and environmentally conscious home building and modification. Our highly trained experts use sophisticated technology and quantifiable measures to provide you with objective data about your home's energy consumption and cooling efficiency. First Call Services partners with existing home owners, buyers, sellers, and builders by conducting energy audits, energy ratings, infrared thermography, Green Building, and ENERGY STAR Programs. Call (954) 561-6749 to learn more!
Professional Home Energy Audits by First Call Services uses state-of-the-art testing, room by room examination, and past utility bill reviews to determine how much energy your home uses. An Energy Audit can help identify energy loss concerns and the efficiency of your heating and cooling system. Find out how you can improve your home's energy consumption by calling First Call Services at (954) 561-6749 to schedule your Energy Audit.
First Call Services' team of experts includes Energy Raters that are Certified by the State of Florida. Whether you're interested in improving the resale value of your home, improved mortgage options, superior energy efficiency, or environmental sustainability, energy ratings provide valuable information about the energy consumption of your home. With First Call Services, you will receive a rating guide that will allow you to compare your home to those of similar size and location. After rating a home, we can run an optimization that allows you to see the effect and cost of improving the energy rating.
Are you thinking about building or buying a home? Tell your builder or realtor that you want an energy rating before you buy. First Call Services' Certified Energy Raters have the experience and expertise you can trust. Call (954) 561-6749 to schedule your appointment.
*All energy prices are based on a single story, 3 bedrooms, 2 bath home with a single air conditioning zone. All other ratings are at a quoted price.
Infrared Thermography from First Call Services uses high-tech still cameras to show your homes temperature spectrum. Find out how good your insulation is and detect air leaks that can cost you money. When buying a new or existing home, ask for an Infrared Thermoscan from First Call Services. Our technicians are Certified and will provide the documentation that you need. Call First Call Services at (954) 561-6749.
First Call Services is South Florida's recognized authority on Green Building and ENERGY STAR Programs. Green Building means that decisions are made throughout the planning and building process to use energy, materials, and water in such a way as to reduce pollution and harm to humans and the environment. The ENERGY STAR designation means that the home has met the government-backed criteria for energy efficiency. Following ENERGY STAR status, a home may qualify for the Environmental Protection Agency's new specification, the ENERGY STAR Indoor Air Package.
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-  * A separate network interface for the *baremetal* network.
-    and ``controller`` roles, use network templates.
+  * Prepare the *baremetal* network.
+    (ironic-api, ironic-conductor, ...) and agent that run on baremetal servers.
+    with ``ironic`` and ``controller`` roles, use network templates.


text:
Q: Voip or voice call record - Xamarin.forms I am trying to develop a xamarin.forms app which have the functionality to make call and record it.Why I am writing this question is I want some clarifications regarding this.I cant find a proper solution on web.
1 The app workflow will be like this. When user tap on the number on my app it will open the dialer (in Android and iOS). User will complete the call and return back to app.The app will get the call record and store it.
Is this scenario possible with Xamarin.forms? If possible, any links will be appreciated.
2. Suppose the above scenaerio is not possible, then what will be the best approach? I heard about Twilio voip call sdk for xamarin. Is Twilio really support voip call for xamarin? I found these links, but it seems outdated.
https://www.twilio.com/blog/2014/11/twilio-client-for-xamarin-part-3-android.html
https://www.twilio.com/blog/2014/10/twilio-client-for-xamarin-part-2-ios.html Is there any other voip sdk available which will fullfil my requirement.Any help is appreciated. Because I have been stuck on this for days.
EDIT If I implement Twilio calling in web and calling it as a webview in mobile.Can I make work above scenario?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
https://thestacker.com/stories/3023/30-famous-sports-goofs
50 famous sports goofs
Paul Feinstein, provided by
Published 9:00 am CST, Tuesday, November 12, 2019
World-class athletes can seem immortal. They run faster, jump higher, and hit harder than any other human beings on the planet. But when these mythical players trip, fumble, or screw up in hilarious ways, fans get to relish in the briefest of moments when these surreal characters prove themselves to be mere mortals after all. Fans—even in their laughter—can empathize with a player's plight on the field, finding a momentary connection to the humanity of their heroes.
Thanks to technology like instant replay and social media, sports goofs are indelible. Adoring fans around the world can like, share, and laugh over and over again at the often-tragic moments that occur in these rare, fallible instances.
Stacker investigated some of the most embarrassing, craziest, and strangest sports goofs in history to help fans and wannabe athletes alike get a good laugh and feel a little less bad about their feats in their own sporting lives. The unique list draws from several sources and includes embarrassing bloopers across different sports. From a mix-up leading to a 54-year marathon time to premature celebrations to running the wrong way on the field, this gallery includes some of the most well-known goofs (and many you may not have heard of).
Click through for a list of 50 famous sports goofs that will bring about a sense of nostalgia for witnessing greatness fail for the first time. But don't feel too bad for the offenders—most of these athletes are still making millions.
You may also like: The 50 largest college football stadiums
This slideshow was first published on theStacker.com
World-class athletes can seem immortal. They run faster, jump higher, and hit harder than any other human beings on the planet. But when these mythical players trip, fumble, or screw up
Photo: Ezra Shaw // Getty Images
Professional athletes can do amazing things on the field of play. They jump higher, run faster, and hit harder than anyone else on the planet. That's why the moments they screw up bring fans so much joy: because, for a brief moment in time, the players look mortal.
This article was first published on theStacker.com
BOYS BASKETBALL: EHS holds off Granite City

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Dedicated to Rebuilding Chicago's Communities through Innovation
Welcome to Chicago Southwest Development Corporation
The mission of the Chicago Southwest Development Corporation is to create self-sustaining communities throughout Chicago's underserved neighborhoods, to enrich the lives of families through nontraditional education, recreation, and health and wellness programs, and to enhance social service programs that specifically meet the needs of each individual community. This innovative model generates revenue through its leases which fund programs and projects that are traditionally funded short-term by state, federal and city tax dollars.
FOCAL POINT COMMUNITY CAMPUS
Focal Point Community Campus will provide valuable programs and services to more than 400,000 residents in the southwest Chicago communities, while serving as a national model for community development. The campus will reside on 32-acres at 31st Street and Kedzie Avenue in southwest Chicago, the former site of the Washburne Trade School. It will deliver a combination of retail, wellness, education, arts and recreation services customized to meet the needs of local residents.
The 1.2-million-square-foot complex will offer a range of retail, wellness, education, arts and recreation elements focused on the complete well-being of community members, instead of purely on one element such as health care. However, a relocated Saint Anthony Hospital will serve as a tenant of the campus and will continue to provide emergency and medical care that turns no one away, regardless of ability to pay. There will also be an outpatient and specialty clinic to meet a wide range of rehabilitative and health maintenance needs.
To find our more about this project, please visit FocalPointChicago.org.
Chicago Southwest Development Corporation
2875 West 19th Street, Chicago, IL 60623 | Telephone: 773.484.1882 | Email: info@focalpointchicago.org
© Chicago Southwest Development Corporation 2012-2018. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Newman's Whiskey Sour
Often made with sour mash whiskey (no relation).
References to the whiskey sour start around the 1860s. The basic recipe is as follows, as articulated in the July 28, 1895 edition of The (New York) World:
Whiskey sour has much to recommend it. This is another drink that should be shaken before taking. A heaping teaspoonful of powdered sugar should be dissolved in seltzer or apollinaris (a very small quantity) and mixed with the juice of half a lemon and a wine-glass full of whiskey. The glass should afterwards be filled up with shaved ice, and after the mixture is shaken it should be strained into a small glass. A Santa Cruz sour needs considerably less lemon juice, but the same quantity of liquor.
If you're thumbing through old cocktail recipes, it's important to know that there's a difference between a whiskey sour and mentions of sour whiskey, which, in the first half of the 19th century and earlier, most commonly referred to sour mash whiskey, or whiskey made via the sour mash process. I'm not a distiller or a brewer by any means, but here's my crude understanding (and experts should feel free to chime in and correct me) about what "sour mash" is.
The very simple explanation of how whiskey is made can be gleaned from the process used to make that "good corn whiskey," moonshine.
What distinguishes one whiskey from another (including bourbons) is the composition of grains that go into the fermenting mash mixture at the beginning and how the distilled product is aged or filtered after being produced (or, in the case of moonshine, not aged or filtered after being produced).
Mash fermenting at the Maker's Mark Bourbon Distillery on June 8, 2010. By DLSimaging, on Flickr (CC license).
A "sour mash" whiskey has an additional step to this process: some of the spent, already-distilled wort (that's the liquid strained from the mash) from an already-run batch is added to the mash of the next batch.
In prior generations of distilling, this process saved water and sped up fermentation, the latter bit because the already-warm sour mash would make the temperature (and pH) more hospitable for yeast. Additionally, if there was any sugar that hadn't been converted to alcohol before distillation, some would still be in the sour mash. But the sour mash process does some things that aren't as quantifiable, too, adding additional flavor and ensuring a greater degree of consistency between batches.
While we could achieve these results through chemistry alone today, tradition still rules when it comes to brewing practice; most whiskeys (and all bourbon) are produced via a sour-mash process, with some distilleries using up to 40% "backset" (the industry term for the sour mash itself).
From a box sold in Nampa, Idaho.
Simple Syrup:
1 lb. sugar (2 cups)
1 qt. club soda
Put sugar in jar and pour soda over it stirring till dissolved. Then give good shake for good measure.
Lemon Mix: Put in jar,
12 tsp. Lem-o-rich
1 qt. or 32 oz. water
Beat the white of 1 egg till frothy and also put in jar. Put tight cap on and shake like mad.
Newmans whiskey sour:
1-1/2 oz. Lemon Mix
1-1/2 oz. Simple Syrup
1 oz. Booze
Select category Course (1) Appetizer (161) Dips (39) Beverage (62) Bread and rolls (152) Breakfast (168) Condiment (142) Dessert (953) Cakes (248) Candy and fudge (78) Cookies, brownies and bars (232) Crisps, crumbles, etc. (27) Frozen (11) Pastry (15) Pies and tarts (163) Puddings, custards, etc. (19) Frostings, cake fillings, etc. (114) Main course (454) Salad (146) Chicken, tuna, etc. salads (10) Fruit salads (62) Molded salads (57) Potato and pasta salads (15) Sauce (83) Side (337) Snack (213) Soup (47) Menu (8) Non-recipe (44) Tonics, ointments, etc. (5) Origin (1) Book of J.L. (Avon Lake, Ohio) (42) Book of Unk. (Sterling, Colorado) (92) Box of A.D. (Lutz, Florida) (136) Box of C.C. (Ceres, California) (89) Box of C.N. (De Soto, Kansas) (40) Box of D.E. (Maumee, Ohio) (27) Box of D.W. (Cedar Falls, Iowa) (90) Box of E.S. (Louisville, Kentucky) (23) Box of F.J. (Sun City, Arizona) (123) Box of F.T. (Great Bend, Kansas) (18) Box of G.Y. (Wichita, Kansas) (29) Box of H.P. (Paradise, Arizona) (7) Box of J.L. (Westborough, Massachusetts) (44) Box of L.R. (Winston-Salem, North Carolina) (109) Box of L.S. (Joplin, Missouri) (109) Box of S.H. (Marshall, Missouri) (30) Box of S.J. (Portland, Oregon) (44) Box of Unk. (Adams, Minnesota) (28) Box of Unk. (Brookfield, Wisconsin) (22) Box of Unk. (Canby, Oregon) (85) Box of Unk. (Chicago, Illinois) (89) Box of Unk. (Christine, North Dakota) (18) Box of Unk. (Columbiaville, Michigan) (132) Box of Unk. (East Moline, Illinois) (99) Box of Unk. (Louisville, Kentucky) (24) Box of Unk. (Lyndhurst, New Jersey) (9) Box of Unk. (Martinez, California) (104) Box of Unk. (Nampa, Idaho) (56) Box of Unk. (Quincy, Massachusetts) (19) Box of Unk. (River Forest, Illinois) (53) Box of Unk. (San Antonio, Texas) (121) Box of Unk. (Warminster, Pennsylvania) (6) Box of Unk. (Warren, Michigan) (16) Box of Unk. (Winsted, Connecticut) (16) From A.G. (University Heights, Ohio) (26) From J.K. (Kent, Ohio) (207) From J.K. (Washington, DC) (8) Yesterdish's recipe box (89) Adams (28) Arizona (131) California (192) Colorado (92) Connecticut (16) Florida (135) Idaho (56) Illinois (241) Iowa (90) Kansas (87) Kentucky (47) Massachusetts (62) Michigan (148) Minnesota (28) Missouri (138) New Jersey (9) North Carolina (111) North Dakota (18) Ohio (301) Oregon (129) Pennyslvania (6) Texas (121) Virginia (90) Washington, D.C. (8) Wisconsin (22) Arlington (90) Avon Lake (42) Kent (207) Maumee (27) University Heights (25) Brookfield (22) Canby (85) Portland (44) Cedar Falls (90) Ceres (89) Martinez (103) Chicago (90) East Moline (99) River Forest (52) Christine (18) Columbiaville (132) Warren (16) De Soto (40) Great Bend (18) Wichita (29) Joplin (109) Marshall (29) Louisville (47) Lutz (134) Lyndhurst (9) Nampa (56) Paradise (7) Sun City (124) Quincy (19) Westborough (44) San Antonio (121) Sterling (92) Warminster (6) Winsted (16) Winston-Salem (111)
By: adgoFiled under Beverage, Box of Unk. (Nampa, Idaho), Idaho, Nampa. Tagged alcohol, club soda, Lem-o-rich, sugar, whiskey. Bookmark the permalink. Leave a comment
←Older: Peanut Chocolate Parfait Dessert
Tastes like $15,000.
From an article in the February 26, 1986 edition of The (Santa Fe) New Mexican announcing the results in the 32nd Pillsbury Bake-Off …
Newer: Pineapple Shake→
With nonfat dry milk.
Pineapple Shake
1 (8 oz.) serving = 57 cal.
1/2 c. cold water
1/3 c. instant …
Required fields are marked:*
A brand of sparking mineral water from a spring in Germany, first bottled in 1852. The spring is named after Saint Apollinaris of Ravenna, a man who may not have existed at all, but who is mentioned in church writings a few hundred years after his supposed lifetime. As the story goes, Apollinaris was a Syrian-born follower of Christ, named the first Bishop of Ravenna in Italy by Saint Peter himself. When Emperor Vespasian cast out the Christians, he was beaten to death. Saint Apollinaris was supposedly chosen as he was a patron saint of wine. His patronage also includes venereal disease, for what it's worth.


These special products cannot be found anywhere else!
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text:
[[missing key: search-facet.tree.open-section]] general and therapeutic practice (2)
physician (general) (2)
physician (general) x
humanitarian x
Sex: Male x
Harrison, Tillson Lever (1881-1947), physician, humanitarian, and bigamist
Allan E. Levine
Harrison, Tillson Lever (07 January 1881–10 January 1947), physician, humanitarian, and bigamist, was born in Tillsonburg, Ontario, Canada, the son of Henry Bailey Harrison, a banker, and Harriett Adele Tillson. Harrison's maternal grandfather was the town's wealthy patriarch, Edwin "E.D." Tillson, whose company was the precursor of the Quaker Oats Company of Canada. Harrison enjoyed a charmed life, regularly winning prizes at county fairs for excellence in the poultry that he raised on E.D.'s experimental farm. In 1895 Harrison ran away to join the Twenty‐second Oxford Rifles militia, but was returned home when it was discovered that he was underage....
Mayo, Sara (1869-1930), physician and humanitarian reformer
John Duffy
Mayo, Sara (26 May 1869–07 March 1930), physician and humanitarian reformer, was born Sara Tew Mayo on a plantation in Catahoula Parish, Louisiana, near the town of Vidalia, the daughter of George Spencer Mayo, a lawyer, and Emily Tew. After the death of her parents, Sara spent her early years in New Orleans at the home of her father's cousin, Judge William Brainerd Spencer. After receiving her primary education in the city's public schools, she attended Millwood High School in Jackson, a town north of New Orleans close to the Mississippi border. As a child, Sara showed an interest in nursing and medicine by constantly ministering to her dolls and pets. Determined to become a physician, she applied to Tulane University Medical School but was rejected. Undeterred, she left for Philadelphia, where she entered Woman's Medical College, graduating in 1898. She then returned to New Orleans, where she was to practice medicine for the next thirty-two years....


text:
Mammillaria chionocephala es una especie  perteneciente a la familia Cactaceae. Es originaria de México.

Descripción
Es una planta perenne carnosa y globosa que  crece solitaria, con tallo redondo, o cilíndrico, de color verde brillante que alcanza un tamaño de 15 a 20 centímetros de alto y 9 a 10 cm de diámetro. Las axilas están llenas de lana blanca y de cerdas. Tiene 2 a 4  espinas centrales , a veces seis, de color blanco con una punta oscura de 0,6 cm de largo. Las espinas radiales  son 22-24 y tienen 0,8 cm de largo. Las flores son de color blanco a rosa pálido de hasta 1 centímetro de longitud y de diámetro. El fruto es rojo con semillas marrones.

Distribución

Mammillaria chionocephala se encuentra  en estados los mexicanos de Nuevo León, Coahuila, Durango, San Luis Potosí y Zacatecas.

Taxonomía
Mammillaria chionocephala fue descrita por J.A.Purpus y publicado en Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 16: 41, en el año 1906
Etimología
Mammillaria: nombre genérico que fue descrita por vez primera por Carolus Linnaeus como Cactus mammillaris en 1753, nombre derivado del latín mammilla = tubérculo, en alusión a los tubérculos que son una de las características del género.

chionocephala: epíteto latino que significa "cabeza con pelos blancos"
Sinonimia
Mammillaria formosa
Mammillaria ritteriana
Mammillaria caerulea
Mammillaria formosa chionocephala

Referencias

Enlaces externos

http://cactiguide.com/cactus/?genus=Mammillaria&species=chionocephala
  Mammillaria chionocephala en Mammillarias.net

Flora de México
chionocephala
Cactus y suculentas
Plantas descritas en 1906
Plantas descritas por J.A.Purpus

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Dayton region is becoming synonymous with outdoor recreation. Our amenities — including cycling, mountain biking, boating, hiking, backpacking, horseback riding and ADA-accessible trails — are putting it on the map as the Outdoor Adventure Capital of the Midwest. Discover how easy it is to have an active — and healthy — outdoor lifestyle using your Five Rivers MetroParks!
Hike more than 25 miles in some of the most spectacular woods, ravines and hills in Southwest Ohio. Combine your hike in Germantown and Twin Creek MetroParks with an overnight camping experience to make this gem of Montgomery County your weekend destination.
Learn more about the Twin Valley Trail (TVT).
Paddle from Eastwood MetroPark to RiverScape MetroPark and beyond. This popular 4-mile stretch will take you through the Mad River Run and RiverScape River Run, where you can stop and play in the wave features or cruise on through in the recreational boater passage.
Learn more about regional water trails.
Bike through the beautiful woods of Taylorsville MetroPark and enjoy the history of Tadmor Village and the earthen dam. Your ride on the nation's largest paved trail network can continue north to Miami County or south to points in Warren, Butler and Greene counties.
Tackle the dirt of MoMBA as you ride through majestic woods. This stacked loop system will allow beginners to work on skills on the flow trail and also lets experienced riders charge on out to the "The Talon" to take on this double black diamond beast.
Eighteen targets await you and your disc golf friends at the Great Blue Heron Course at Englewood MetroPark. You will love the competition on this Dayton Disc Golf Association course.
Learn more about the disc golf course.
From calm eddies to whitewater, the fish habitat on the Mad River is rich and will challenge the most advanced angler; but it also offers a moving water environment suitable for beginners.
Rent bikes and child biking accessories to explore the region's more than 300 miles of paved, connected bikeways.
Learn more about RiverScape Bike Rentals.


text:
Women's Basketball Dominates RMAC Conference Play
Evan Wong
Mines' women's basketball has a 13-2 conference record, ranking them first in the RMAC. The team enjoyed a thirteen game win streak which ended in a game against Colorado State Pueblo on Jan. 22.
The Orediggers responded with back-to-back wins against Western State (Jan. 23), and South Dakota School of Mines (Jan. 29) before falling to Black Hills State (Jan. 30).
"I think it's a big deal we went through that win streak. It's also a big part of the game to be able to come back from a loss and keep on trucking even though we lost the streak," senior forward Courtney Martin said.
Although the team has played well enough to achieve 13 victories, there is still room for improvment.
"I think we are playing with confidence, but I think we still aren't playing to our full potential. We need to strive to be the team that we know we can be," junior guard Laura Tyree said.
As the team approaches the final stretch of their season, they continue to emphasize not being satisfied and the importance of striving for improvement.
"We can't be satisfied with the success we've had because we have not had our best game yet and haven't played to our full potential. We just need to continue to get better every single day in practice," explained Tyree.
Going into the last weeks of conference play, the team is striving to be even more focused on the court.
"I think we're just focused on playing the full forty minutes. We can't let up for even a quarter or five minutes. We just have to go hard the whole time," Martin explained.
The Lady Orediggers' own "style" of basketball may contribute to their success.
"Mines' focus is always to defend, rebound, and execute," Kollomorgan continued to explain.
The Lady Orediggers play home games against New Mexico Highlands on Feb. 12 and Western New Mexico on Feb. 13.
Above: Laura Tyree dribbles past a CSU Pueblo defender on Jan. 22. The Orediggers lost the game 59-50, snapping a 13 game winning sreak.
Tagged: Volume 96 Issue 5
About The Oredigger
Women's basketball team is rolling with the changes
Athlete Spotlight: Cassidy Budge
Basketball Begins Season
'Women's Basketball Dominates RMAC Conference Play' has no comments


A shoplifter stopped by police was released after it emerged he had enough money in his pocket to pay for the items he had stolen.
Breckland Police said on Twitter they had stopped a shoplifter who had attempted to steal some beer, ham and cheese in Thetford on Friday, October 26 at around 2pm.
At around 5pm, police dealt with another shoplifter in Thetford who had stolen items worth £124 after he was discovered by staff members in a store car park.


The new trailer for Marvel's Inhumans titled "War For Their World" paints a clearer picture as to what to expect in ABC's forthcoming action drama adapted from the popular comic book. There's action, superpowers, lots of hair, a teleporting dog, and, most of all, family dysfunction.
In the trailer, we see Maximus (Iwan Rheon) attempting to take over the throne from his brother king Black Bolt (Anson Mount) as his long-haired queen Medusa (Serinda Swan) and the royal court including Gorgon (Eme Ikwuakor), Karnak (Ken Leung) and Crystal (Isabelle Cornish) try to stop him. The war starts in their universe of Attilan, but then they bring it to Earth — Hawaii to be specific — after a military coup. The series tells their story about their conflict as well as their interactions with the people of Earth — and the end of the trailer has a shocking reveal of Medusa, whose hair has been a buzz-worthy topic, with a shaved head.
The series also stars Ellen Woglom, Sonya Balmores and Mike Moh. Roel Reine serves as the director and Scott Buck is the showrunner.
Marvel's Inhumans is set to debut the first chapter of the series on September 1 on Imax screens. It is the first live-action television series to do so. The theatrical run is scheduled for two weeks, ahead of the series' September 29 premiere on ABC.


text:
Q: Splitting strings containing multiple delimiters in R I have a vector tissue which contains strings delimited by multiple characters. The constituent strings of the vector belong broadly to four classes:

*

*Strings which only consist of term(s) (e.g. Thymus Thyroid) separated by ,

*Strings which contain identifier(s) (e.g. ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_014046664.1) ending with }, followed by term(s) separated by ,

*Strings which contain a term followed by identifier(s)

*Strings which contain a term followed by an identifier and then term(s) separated by ,
tissue <- c("Head kidney,Thymus,Thyroid,",
            "Red blood cell,",
            "ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_014046664.1},Muscle,",
            "ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_016683349.1},ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_016683354.1},Leaf,",
            "ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_014023833.1},Head kidney,Muscle,White muscle,",
            "Blood,ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_017326031.1},",
            "Spleen,ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_010844217.1},ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_010844218.1},",
            "Brain,ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_014030244.1},Head kidney,Muscle,Spleen,White muscle,")

For strings belonging to category 1, I could split the terms using a simple strsplit() function
unlist(strsplit("Head kidney,Thymus,Thyroid,", ","))
[1] "Head kidney" "Thymus"      "Thyroid"

unlist(strsplit("Red blood cell,", ","))
[1] "Red blood cell"

For strings belonging to category 2, this is what I came up with and it works fine
unlist(strsplit(sub('.*\\},', "", "ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_014046664.1},Muscle,"), ","))
[1] "Muscle"

unlist(strsplit(sub('.*\\},', "", "ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_016683349.1},ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_016683354.1},Leaf,"), ","))
[1] "Leaf"

unlist(strsplit(sub('.*\\},', "", "ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_014023833.1},Head kidney,Muscle,White muscle,"), ","))
[1] "Head kidney"  "Muscle"       "White muscle"

For strings belonging to category 3, this worked for me
sub(',ECO:.*', "", "Blood,ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_017326031.1},")
[1] "Blood"

sub(',ECO:.*', "", "Spleen,ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_010844217.1},ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_010844218.1},")
[1] "Spleen"

For category 4, this is what I tried and it works fine
unlist(strsplit(sub(',ECO:.*},', ",", "Brain,ECO:0000313|RefSeq:XP_014030244.1},Head kidney,Muscle,Spleen,White muscle,"), ","))
[1] "Brain"        "Head kidney"  "Muscle"       "Spleen"       "White muscle"

I'm looking for a solution, a single regex if possible, which can handle all these conditions and can be used directly on the vector.

A: We may remove some of the substring and then use strsplit
library(stringr)
lapply(strsplit(str_remove_all(tissue, "ECO:[^\\}]+\\}"), ","),
     function(x) x[nzchar(x)])

-output
[[1]]
[1] "Head kidney" "Thymus"      "Thyroid"

[[2]]
[1] "Red blood cell"

[[3]]
[1] "Muscle"

[[4]]
[1] "Leaf"

[[5]]
[1] "Head kidney"  "Muscle"       "White muscle"

[[6]]
[1] "Blood"

[[7]]
[1] "Spleen"

[[8]]
[1] "Brain"        "Head kidney"  "Muscle"       "Spleen"       "White muscle"

Or with a tidyverse work flow
library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
str_remove_all(tissue, "ECO:[^\\}]+\\}") %>%
  trimws(whitespace = ",+") %>%
  str_replace_all(',{2,}', ",") %>%
  tibble(col1 = .) %>%
  tidyr::separate(col1, into = str_c('V',
    seq(max(str_count(.$col1, ",")) + 1)), sep = ",", fill = "right")

-output
# A tibble: 8 × 5
  V1             V2          V3           V4     V5
  <chr>          <chr>       <chr>        <chr>  <chr>
1 Head kidney    Thymus      Thyroid      <NA>   <NA>
2 Red blood cell <NA>        <NA>         <NA>   <NA>
3 Muscle         <NA>        <NA>         <NA>   <NA>
4 Leaf           <NA>        <NA>         <NA>   <NA>
5 Head kidney    Muscle      White muscle <NA>   <NA>
6 Blood          <NA>        <NA>         <NA>   <NA>
7 Spleen         <NA>        <NA>         <NA>   <NA>
8 Brain          Head kidney Muscle       Spleen White muscle

Or using only base R
read.csv(text = gsub(",{2,}", ",", trimws(gsub("ECO:[^\\}]+\\}",
    "", tissue), whitespace = ",+")), header = FALSE, fill = TRUE, sep=",")

A: How about:
library(stringr)

x <- str_remove(unlist(str_match_all(tissue, '(.*?)(?=\\,)')), '^ECO.*')
unique(x[x != ""])

[1] "Head kidney"    "Thymus"         "Thyroid"        "Red blood cell"
 [5] "Muscle"         "Leaf"           "White muscle"   "Blood"
 [9] "Spleen"         "Brain"


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Smodics ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Erich Smodics (* 1941), österreichischer Maler
 Maria Smodics-Neumann (* 1970), österreichische Politikerin (ÖVP)


text:
Is TMS an Invasive Treatment Method?
Is TMS an Invasive Treatment…
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was first developed in 1985 when physicist Anthony Barker introduced TMS technology to the world of neuropsychology.
Based on the premise established over a hundred years prior by Michael Faraday that magnetic fields have an impact on electricity and plasma, TMS technology has been researched for several decades, and has been approved for therapeutic use in the treatment of major depressive disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Yet what is TMS exactly? At first glance, it's a machine used to treat several mental health conditions, particularly depression and OCD.
Unlike similar treatments, TMS does not require a patient to undergo surgery to attach a device to their body, nor give them instructions to carry around a similar device while it sends pulses to the brain.
TMS is a completely pain free, non-invasive treatment option. The basis for the technology is magnets, but more specifically, it uses the same magnetic energy used in MRI machines to scan the body and find anomalies in soft tissue.
In TMS machines, the same magnetic pulses are concentrated on a specific part of the brain, just a few centimeters under the surface of the skull. Each pulse affects the natural electricity that runs from cell to cell, just as Faraday's work on electromagnetism revealed.
The result is a subtle change in the way certain neurons work, contributing to an improvement in mood and fewer symptoms of depression and obsession/compulsion, depending on the target of the treatment.
How TMS Works
Transcranial magnetic stimulation isn't painful, and it doesn't require medication or sedation. Patients are completely awake and lucid when they receive the treatment, and there's no injecting or cutting of any kind.
The treatment is applied through a coil built into a special headgear, attached to the machine.
The coil is often what determines how the pulses are sent into the brain, with two main shapes currently in use for therapeutic purposes: an 8-figure coil used in repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and an H-coil used in deep transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Once the headgear is equipped, a patient is asked to relax. The treatment itself takes less than half an hour, but more than one session is required for the changes to fully take effect in a meaningful way.
In fact, sessions need to be scheduled regularly, at a pace of about five sessions a week for 4-6 weeks. Over the course of these sessions, the changes elicited by TMS treatment begin to take shape in the patient, leading to long-term and lasting changes in the form of symptom reduction, and even total remission.
These sessions can be time-consuming when counted together, but each session being less than half an hour long can help make them simpler to schedule.
Researchers are continuing to work on protocols that may shorten that treatment time even further, helping make TMS technology more affordable and more accessible to the general population, and the millions of Americans who may benefit from it.
What to Expect During a TMS Session
Transcranial magnetic stimulation isn't painful, and it isn't invasive.
Unlike other forms of neuromodulation which may require surgery or sedation, TMS affects the brain without requiring any form of serious preparation on the patient's part.
However, it will be felt.
Some have described TMS to feel like a tapping sensation, while others have described it as a consistent and potentially annoying prickling.
One of the more common side effects reported during or after a TMS session is a minor headache. These pass, and are more frequent in the first few sessions, going away over time.
Some report uncomfortable sensations on the scalp, as the magnetic pulses pass through the skull. Again, these are subjective, and complaints tend to decrease as treatment time increases.
For the most part, a TMS session is rather uneventful. The patient can sit back and relax, hold a conversation with the technician at hand, or read something. Patients are asked to refrain from falling asleep, simply so they can be asked how they feel, in case they need to stop treatment.
There are no lasting side effects currently associated with TMS treatment. After a session, a patient is free to leave, and even go back to work/school. Any side effects experienced during treatment are likely to pass within minutes after the session is over.
While a handful of documented cases of seizures after a TMS session exist, these have all occurred due to extraneous circumstances, including an ill-advised mixing of medication prior to the treatment and a previous history of seizures and epileptic episodes. No seizures have occurred as a result of TMS treatment.
Risks and Considerations During TMS Treatment
TMS technology makes use of magnetic pulses to affect neurons in the brain and elicit a positive response, reducing symptoms of depression and other conditions. These magnetic pulses are similar to those used in an MRI machine, and similar precautions must be taken into account.
For example, people with electronic implants in or around the head cannot undergo TMS treatment. This includes pacemakers and other such implants.
Dental fillings and other forms of orthodontics may or may not be safe for TMS, depending on how they were constructed. Consult your dentist and your doctor.
The danger with ferrous objects in TMS treatment is that they may become heated up, distorted, or mobilized as a result of the magnetic pulses used by the machine. As such, it's also advised to remove any jewelry and piercings before treatment, and one should otherwise speak with their doctor to make sure they're ready for the treatment.
TMS technology has been around since 1985 but has only been approved by the FDA for the treatment of depression in 2008, and OCD in 2018.
Deep TMS has been approved in Europe for other treatments, and it's likely that as more research comes to light, TMS applicability will improve as well.
Categories: Blog, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation August 29, 2019
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Here at Achieve TMS East, our dedicated clinical team is committed to providing treatment to those suffering from depression or OCD using the latest, state of the art technology in a relaxed and comfortable environment.


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Chapter 21. Environmentally Sound Management of Solid Wastes and Sewage-Related Issues
21.1. This chapter has been incorporated in Agenda 21 in response to General Assembly resolution 44/228, section I, paragraph 3, in which the Assembly affirmed that the Conference should elaborate strategies and measures to halt and reverse the effects of environmental degradation in the context of increased national and international efforts to promote sustainable and environmentally sound development in all countries, and to section I, paragraph 12 (g), of the same resolution, in which the Assembly affirmed that environmentally sound management of wastes was among the environmental issues of major concern in maintaining the quality of the Earth's environment and especially in achieving environmentally sound and sustainable development in all countries.
21.2. Programme areas included in the present chapter of Agenda 21 are closely related to the following programme areas of other chapters of Agenda 21:
(a) Protection of the quality and supply of freshwater resources: application of integrated approaches to the development, management and use of water resources (chapter 18);
(b) Promoting sustainable human settlement development (chapter 7);
(c) Protecting and promoting human health conditions (chapter 6);
(d) Changing consumption patterns (chapter 4).
21.3. Solid wastes, as defined in this chapter, include all domestic refuse and non-hazardous wastes such as commercial and institutional wastes, street sweepings and construction debris. In some countries, the solid wastes management system also handles human wastes such as night-soil, ashes from incinerators, septic tank sludge and sludge from sewage treatment plants. If these wastes manifest hazardous characteristics they should be treated as hazardous wastes.
21.4. Environmentally sound waste management must go beyond the mere safe disposal or recovery of wastes that are generated and seek to address the root cause of the problem by attempting to change unsustainable patterns of production and consumption. This implies the application of the integrated life cycle management concept, which presents a unique opportunity to reconcile development with environmental protection.
21.5. Accordingly, the framework for requisite action should be founded on a hierarchy of objectives and focused on the four major waste-related programme areas, as follows:
(a) Minimizing wastes;
(b) Maximizing environmentally sound waste reuse and recycling;
(c) Promoting environmentally sound waste disposal and treatment;
(d) Extending waste service coverage.
21.6. The four programme areas are interrelated and mutually supportive and must therefore be integrated in order to provide a comprehensive and environmentally responsive framework for managing municipal solid wastes. The mix and emphasis given to each of the four programme areas will vary according to the local socio-economic and physical conditions, rates of waste generation and waste composition. All sectors of society should participate in all the programme areas.
Programme Areas
A. Minimizing wastes
Basis for action
21.7. Unsustainable patterns of production and consumption are increasing the quantities and variety of environmentally persistent wastes at unprecedented rates. The trend could significantly increase the quantities of wastes produced by the end of the century and increase quantities four to fivefold by the year 2025. A preventive waste management approach focused on changes in lifestyles and in production and consumption patterns offers the best chance for reversing current trends.
21.8. The objectives in this area are:
(a) To stabilize or reduce the production of wastes destined for final disposal, over an agreed time-frame, by formulating goals based on waste weight, volume and composition and to induce separation to facilitate waste recycling and reuse;
(b) To strengthen procedures for assessing waste quantity and composition changes for the purpose of formulating operational waste minimization policies utilizing economic or other instruments to induce beneficial modifications of production and consumption patterns.
21.9. Governments, according to their capacities and available resources and with the cooperation of the United Nations and other relevant organizations, as appropriate, should:
(a) By the year 2000, ensure sufficient national, regional and international capacity to access, process and monitor waste trend information and implement waste minimization policies;
(b) By the year 2000, have in place in all industrialized countries programmes to stabilize or reduce, if practicable, production of wastes destined for final disposal, including per capita wastes (where this concept applies), at the level prevailing at that date; developing countries as well should work towards that goal without jeopardizing their development prospects;
(c) Apply by the year 2000, in all countries, in particular in industrialized countries, programmes to reduce the production of agrochemical wastes, containers and packaging materials, which do not meet hazardous characteristics.
(a) Management-related activities
21.10. Governments should initiate programmes to achieve sustained minimization of waste generation. Non-governmental organizations and consumer groups should be encouraged to participate in such programmes, which could be drawn up with the cooperation of international organizations, where necessary. These programmes should, wherever possible, build upon existing or planned activities and should:
(a) Develop and strengthen national capacities in research and design of environmentally sound technologies, as well as adopt measures to reduce wastes to a minimum;
(b) Provide for incentives to reduce unsustainable patterns of production and consumption;
(c) Develop, where necessary, national plans to minimize waste generation as part of overall national development plans;
(d) Emphasize waste minimization considerations in procurement within the United Nations system.
(b) Data and information
21.11. Monitoring is a key prerequisite for keeping track of changes in waste quantity and quality and their resultant impact on health and the environment. Governments, with the support of international agencies, should:
(a) Develop and apply methodologies for country-level waste monitoring;
(b) Undertake data gathering and analysis, establish national goals and monitor progress;
(c) Utilize data to assess environmental soundness of national waste policies as a basis for corrective action;
(d) Input information into global information systems.
(c) International and regional cooperation and coordination
21.12. The United Nations and intergovernmental organizations, with the collaboration of Governments, should help promote waste minimization by facilitating greater exchange of information, know-how and experience. The following is a non-exhaustive list of specific activities that could be undertaken:
(a) Identifying, developing and harmonizing methodologies for waste monitoring and transferring such methodologies to countries;
(b) Identifying and further developing the activities of existing information networks on clean technologies and waste minimization;
(c) Undertaking periodic assessment, collating and analysing country data and reporting systematically, in an appropriate United Nations forum, to the countries concerned;
(d) Reviewing the effectiveness of all waste minimization instruments and identifying potential new instruments that could be used and techniques by which they could be made operational at the country level. Guidelines and codes of practice should be developed;
(e) Undertaking research on the social and economic impacts of waste minimization at the consumer level.
(a) Financing and cost evaluation
21.13. The Conference secretariat suggests that industrialized countries should consider investing in waste minimization the equivalent of about 1 per cent of the expenditures on solid wastes and sewage disposal. At current levels, this would amount to about $6.5 billion annually, including about $1.8 billion related to minimizing municipal solid wastes. Actual amounts would be determined by relevant municipal, provincial and national budget authorities based on local circumstances.
(b) Scientific and technological means
21.14. Waste minimization technologies and procedures will need to be identified and widely disseminated. This work should be coordinated by national Governments, with the cooperation and collaboration of non-governmental organizations, research institutions and appropriate organizations of the United Nations, and could include the following:
(a) Undertaking a continuous review of the effectiveness of all waste minimization instruments and identifying potential new instruments that could be used and techniques by which instruments could be made operational at the country level. Guidelines and codes of practice should be developed;
(b) Promoting waste prevention and minimization as the principal objective of national waste management programmes;
(c) Promoting public education and a range of regulatory and non-regulatory incentives to encourage industry to change product design and reduce industrial process wastes through cleaner production technologies and good housekeeping practices and to encourage industries and consumers to use types of packaging that can be safely reused;
(d) Executing, in accordance with national capacities, demonstration and pilot programmes to optimize waste minimization instruments;
(e) Establishing procedures for adequate transport, storage, conservation and management of agricultural products, foodstuffs and other perishable goods in order to reduce the loss of those products, which results in the production of solid waste;
(f) Facilitating the transfer of waste-reduction technologies to industry, particularly in developing countries, and establishing concrete national standards for effluents and solid waste, taking into account, inter alia, raw material use and energy consumption.
(c) Human resource development
21.15. Human resource development for waste minimization not only should be targeted at professionals in the waste management sector but also should seek to obtain the support of citizens and industry. Human resource development programmes must therefore aim to raise consciousness and educate and inform concerned groups and the public in general. Countries should incorporate within school curricula, where appropriate, the principles and practices of preventing and minimizing wastes and material on the environmental impacts of waste.
B. Maximizing environmentally sound waste reuse and recycling
21.16. The exhaustion of traditional disposal sites, stricter environmental controls governing waste disposal and increasing quantities of more persistent wastes, particularly in industrialized countries, have all contributed to a rapid increase in the cost of waste disposal services. Costs could double or triple by the end of the decade. Some current disposal practices pose a threat to the environment. As the economics of waste disposal services change, waste recycling and resource recovery are becoming increasingly cost-effective. Future waste management programmes should take maximum advantage of resource-efficient approaches to the control of wastes. These activities should be carried out in conjunction with public education programmes. It is important that markets for products from reclaimed materials be identified in the development of reuse and recycling programmes.
21.17. The objectives in this area are:
(a) To strengthen and increase national waste reuse and recycling systems;
(b) To create a model internal waste reuse and recycling programme for waste streams, including paper, within the United Nations system;
(c) To make available information, techniques and appropriate policy instruments to encourage and make operational waste reuse and recycling schemes.
21.18. Governments, according to their capacities and available resources and with the cooperation of the United Nations and other relevant organizations, as appropriate, should:
(a) By the year 2000, promote sufficient financial and technological capacities at the regional, national and local levels, as appropriate, to implement waste reuse and recycling policies and actions;
(b) By the year 2000, in all industrialized countries, and by the year 2010, in all developing countries, have a national programme, including, to the extent possible, targets for efficient waste reuse and recycling.
21.19. Governments and institutions and non-governmental organizations, including consumer, women's and youth groups, in collaboration with appropriate organizations of the United Nations system, should launch programmes to demonstrate and make operational enhanced waste reuse and recycling. These programmes should, wherever possible, build upon existing or planned activities and should:
(a) Develop and strengthen national capacity to reuse and recycle an increasing proportion of wastes;
(b) Review and reform national waste policies to provide incentives for waste reuse and recycling;
(c) Develop and implement national plans for waste management that take advantage of, and give priority to, waste reuse and recycling;
(d) Modify existing standards or purchase specifications to avoid discrimination against recycled materials, taking into account the saving in energy and raw materials;
(e) Develop public education and awareness programmes to promote the use of recycled products.
21.20. Information and research is required to identify promising socially acceptable and cost-effective forms of waste reuse and recycling relevant to each country. For example, supporting activities undertaken by national and local governments in collaboration with the United Nations and other international organizations could include:
(a) Undertaking an extensive review of options and techniques for reuse and recycling all forms of municipal solid wastes. Policies for reuse and recycling should be made an integral component of national and local waste management programmes;
(b) Assessing the extent and practice of waste reuse and recycling operations currently undertaken and identifying ways by which these could be increased and supported;
(c) Increasing funding for research pilot programmes to test various options for reuse and recycling, including the use of small-scale, cottage-based recycling industries; compost production; treated waste-water irrigation; and energy recovery from wastes; (d) Producing guidelines and best practices for waste reuse and recycling;
(e) Intensifying efforts, at collecting, analysing and disseminating, to key target groups, relevant information on waste issues. Special research grants could be made available on a competitive basis for innovative research projects on recycling techniques;
(f) Identifying potential markets for recycled products.
21.21. States, through bilateral and multilateral cooperation, including through the United Nations and other relevant international organizations, as appropriate, should:
(a) Undertake a periodic review of the extent to which countries reuse and recycle their wastes;
(b) Review the effectiveness of techniques for and approaches to waste reuse and recycling and ways of enhancing their application in countries;
(c) Review and update international guidelines for the safe reuse of wastes;
(d) Establish appropriate programmes to support small communities' waste reuse and recycling industries in developing countries.
21.22. The Conference secretariat has estimated that if the equivalent of 1 per cent of waste-related municipal expenditures was devoted to safe waste reuse schemes, worldwide expenditures for this purpose would amount to $8 billion. The secretariat estimates the total annual cost (1993-2000) of implementing the activities of this programme area in developing countries to be about $850 million on grant or concessional terms. These are indicative and order-of-magnitude estimates only and have not been reviewed by Governments. Actual costs and financial terms, including any that are non-concessional, will depend upon, inter alia, the specific programmes proposed by international institutions and approved by their governing bodies.
21.23. The transfer of technology should support waste recycling and reuse by the following means:
(a) Including the transfer of recycling technologies, such as machinery for reusing plastics, rubber and paper, within bilateral and multilateral technical cooperation and aid programmes; (b) Developing and improving existing technologies, especially indigenous technologies, and facilitating their transfer under ongoing regional and interregional technical assistance programmes;
(c) Facilitating the transfer of waste reuse and recycling technology.
21.24. Incentives for waste reuse and recycling are numerous. Countries could consider the following options to encourage industry, institutions, commercial establishments and individuals to recycle wastes instead of disposing of them:
(a) Offering incentives to local and municipal authorities that recycle the maximum proportion of their wastes;
(b) Providing technical assistance to informal waste reuse and recycling operations;
(c) Applying economic and regulatory instruments, including tax incentives, to support the principle that generators of wastes pay for their disposal;
(d) Providing legal and economic conditions conducive to investments in waste reuse and recycling;
(e) Implementing specific mechanisms such as deposit/refund systems as incentives for reuse and recycling;
(f) Promoting the separate collection of recyclable parts of household wastes;
(g) Providing incentives to improve the marketability of technically recyclable waste;
(h) Encouraging the use of recyclable materials, particularly in packaging, where feasible;
(i) Encouraging the development of markets for recycled goods by establishing programmes.
21.25. Training will be required to reorient current waste management practices to include waste reuse and recycling. Governments, in collaboration with United Nations international and regional organizations, should undertake the following indicative list of actions:
(a) Including waste reuse and recycling in in-service training programmes as integral components of technical cooperation programmes on urban management and infrastructure development;
(b) Expanding training programmes on water supply and sanitation to incorporate techniques and policies for waste reuse and recycling;
(c) Including the advantages and civic obligations associated with waste reuse and recycling in school curricula and relevant general educational courses;
(d) Encouraging non-governmental organizations, community-based organizations and women's, youth and public interest group programmes, in collaboration with local municipal authorities, to mobilize community support for waste reuse and recycling through focused community-level campaigns.
(d) Capacity-building
21.26. Capacity-building to support increased waste reuse and recycling should focus on the following areas:
(a) Making operational national policies and incentives for waste management;
(b) Enabling local and municipal authorities to mobilize community support for waste reuse and recycling by involving and assisting informal sector waste reuse and recycling operations and undertaking waste management planning that incorporates resource recovery practices.
C. Promoting environmentally sound waste disposal and treatment
21.27. Even when wastes are minimized, some wastes will still remain. Even after treatment, all discharges of wastes have some residual impact on the receiving environment. Consequently, there is scope for improving waste treatment and disposal practices such as, for example, avoiding the discharge of sludges at sea. In developing countries, the problem is of a more fundamental nature: less than 10 per cent of urban wastes receive some form of treatment and only a small proportion of treatment is in compliance with any acceptable quality standard. Faecal matter treatment and disposal should be accorded due priority given the potential threat of faeces to human health.
21.28. The objective in this area is to treat and safely dispose of a progressively increasing proportion of the generated wastes.
(a) By the year 2000, establish waste treatment and disposal quality criteria, objectives and standards based on the nature and assimilative capacity of the receiving environment;
(b) By the year 2000, establish sufficient capacity to undertake waste-related pollution impact monitoring and conduct regular surveillance, including epidemiological surveillance, where appropriate;
(c) By the year 1995, in industrialized countries, and by the year 2005, in developing countries, ensure that at least 50 per cent of all sewage, waste waters and solid wastes are treated or disposed of in conformity with national or international environmental and health quality guidelines;
(d) By the year 2025, dispose of all sewage, waste waters and solid wastes in conformity with national or international environmental quality guidelines.
21.30. Governments, institutions and non-governmental organizations, together with industries, in collaboration with appropriate organizations of the United Nations system, should launch programmes to improve the control and management of waste-related pollution. These programmes should, wherever possible, build upon existing or planned activities and should:
(a) Develop and strengthen national capacity to treat and safely dispose of wastes;
(b) Review and reform national waste management policies to gain control over waste-related pollution;
(c) Encourage countries to seek waste disposal solutions within their sovereign territory and as close as possible to the sources of origin that are compatible with environmentally sound and efficient management. In a number of countries, transboundary movements take place to ensure that wastes are managed in an environmentally sound and efficient way. Such movements observe the relevant conventions, including those that apply to areas that are not under national jurisdiction;
(d) Develop human wastes management plans, giving due attention to the development and application of appropriate technologies and the availability of resources for implementation.
21.31. Standard setting and monitoring are two key elements essential for gaining control over waste-related pollution. The following specific activities are indicative of the kind of supportive actions that could be taken by international bodies such as the United Nations Centre for Human Settlements (Habitat), the United Nations Environment Programme and the World Health Organization:
(a) Assembling and analysing the scientific evidence and pollution impacts of wastes in the environment in order to formulate and disseminate recommended scientific criteria and guidelines for the environmentally sound management of solid wastes;
(b) Recommending national and, where relevant, local environmental quality standards based on scientific criteria and guidelines;
(c) Including within technical cooperation programmes and agreements the provision for monitoring equipment and for the requisite training in its use;
(d) Establishing an information clearing-house with extensive networks at the regional, national and local levels to collect and disseminate information on all aspects of waste management, including safe disposal.
(a) Identify, develop and harmonize methodologies and environmental quality and health guidelines for safe waste discharge and disposal;
(b) Review and keep abreast of developments and disseminate information on the effectiveness of techniques and approaches to safe waste disposal and ways of supporting their application in countries.
21.33. Safe waste disposal programmes are relevant to both developed and developing countries. In developed countries the focus is on improving facilities to meet higher environmental quality criteria, while in developing countries considerable investment is required to build new treatment facilities.
21.34. The Conference secretariat has estimated the average total annual cost (1993-2000) of implementing the activities of this programme in developing countries to be about $15 billion, including about $3.4 billion from the international community on grant or concessional terms. These are indicative and order-of-magnitude estimates only and have not been reviewed by Governments. Actual costs and financial terms, including any that are non-concessional, will depend upon, inter alia, the specific strategies and programmes Governments decide upon for implementation. (b) Scientific and technological means
21.35. Scientific guidelines and research on various aspects of waste-related pollution control will be crucial for achieving the objectives of this programme. Governments, municipalities and local authorities, with appropriate international cooperation, should:
(a) Prepare guidelines and technical reports on subjects such as the integration of land-use planning in human settlements with waste disposal, environmental quality criteria and standards, waste treatment and safe disposal options, industrial waste treatment and landfill operations;
(b) Undertake research on critical subjects such as low-cost, low-maintenance waste-water treatment systems; safe sludge disposal options; industrial waste treatment; and low-technology, ecologically safe waste disposal options;
(c) Transfer technologies, in conformity with the terms as well as the provisions of chapter 34 (Transfer of environmentally sound technology, cooperation and capacity-building), on industrial waste treatment processes through bilateral nad multilateral technical cooperation programmes and in cooperation with business and industry, including large and transnational corporations, as appropriate.
(d) Focus on the rehabilitation, operation and maintenance of existing facilities and technical assistance on improved maintenance practices and techniques followed by the planning and construction of waste treatment facilities;
(e) Establish programmes to maximize the source segregation and safe disposal of the hazardous components of municipal solid waste;
(f) Ensure the investment and provision of waste collection facilities with the concomitant provision of water services and with an equal and parallel investment and provision of waste treatment facilities.
21.36. Training would be required to improve current waste management practices to include safe collection and waste disposal. The following is an indicative list of actions that should be taken by Governments, in collaboration with international organizations:
(a) Providing both formal and in-service training, focused on pollution control, waste treatment and disposal technologies, and operating and maintaining waste-related infrastructure. Intercountry staff exchange programmes should also be established;
(b) Undertaking the requisite training for waste-related pollution monitoring and control enforcement.
21.37. Institutional reforms and capacity-building will be indispensable if countries are to be able to quantify and mitigate waste-related pollution. Activities to achieve this objective should include:
(a) Creating and strengthening independent environmental control bodies at the national and local levels. International organizations and donors should support needed upgrading of manpower skills and provision of equipment;
(b) Empowering of pollution control agencies with the requisite legal mandate and financial capacities to carry out their duties effectively.
D. Extending waste service coverage
21.38. By the end of the century, over 2.0 billion people will be without access to basic sanitation, and an estimated half of the urban population in developing countries will be without adequate solid waste disposal services. As many as 5.2 million people, including 4 million children under five years of age, die each year from waste-related diseases. The health impacts are particularly severe for the urban poor. The health and environmental impacts of inadequate waste management, however, go beyond the unserved settlements themselves and result in water, land and air contamination and pollution over a wider area. Extending and improving waste collection and safe disposal services are crucial to gaining control over this form of pollution.
21.39. The overall objective of this programme is to provide health-protecting, environmentally safe waste collection and disposal services to all people. Governments, according to their capacities and available resources and with the cooperation of the United Nations and other relevant organizations, as appropriate, should:
(a) By the year 2000, have the necessary technical, financial and human resource capacity to provide waste collection services commensurate with needs;
(b) By the year 2025, provide all urban populations with adequate waste services;
(c) By the year 2025, ensure that full urban waste service coverage is maintained and sanitation coverage achieved in all rural areas.
Activities (a) Management-related activities
(a) Establish financing mechanisms for waste management service development in deprived areas, including appropriate modes of revenue generation;
(b) Apply the "polluter pays" principle, where appropriate, by setting waste management charges at rates that reflect the costs of providing the service and ensure that those who generate the wastes pay the full cost of disposal in an environmentally safe way;
(c) Encourage institutionalization of communities' participation in planning and implementation procedures for solid waste management.
21.41. Governments, in collaboration with the United Nations and international organizations, should undertake the following:
(a) Developing and applying methodologies for waste monitoring;
(b) Data gathering and analysis to establish goals and monitor progress;
(c) Inputting information into a global information system building upon existing systems;
(d) Strengthening the activities of existing information networks in order to disseminate focused information on the application of innovative and low-cost alternatives for waste disposal to targeted audiences.
21.42. Many United Nations and bilateral programmes exist that seek to provide water supply and sanitation services to the unserved. The Water and Sanitation Collaborative Council, a global forum, currently acts to coordinate development and encourage cooperation. Even so, given the ever-increasing numbers of unserved urban poor populations and the need to address, in addition, the problem of solid waste disposal, additional mechanisms are essential to ensure accelerated coverage of urban waste disposal services. The international community in general and selected United Nations organizations in particular should:
(a) Launch a settlement infrastructure and environment programme following the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development to coordinate the activities of all organizations of the United Nations system involved in this area and include a clearing-house for information dissemination on all waste management issues; (b) Undertake and systematically report on progress in providing waste services to those without such services;
(c) Review the effectiveness of techniques for and approaches to increasing coverage and identify innovative ways of accelerating the process.
21.43. The Conference secretariat has estimated the average total annual cost (1993-2000) of implementing the activities of this programme to be about $7.5 billion, including about $2.6 billion from the international community on grant or concessional terms. These are indicative and order-of-magnitude estimates only and have not been reviewed by Governments. Actual costs and financial terms, including any that are non-concessional, will depend upon, inter alia, the specific strategies and programmes Governments decide upon for implementation.
21.44. Governments and institutions, together with non-governmental organizations, should, in collaboration with appropriate organizations of the United Nations system, launch programmes in different parts of the developing world to extend waste services to the unserved populations. These programmes should, wherever possible, build upon and reorient existing or planned activities.
21.45. Policy changes at the national and local levels could enhance the rate of waste service coverage extension. These changes should include the following:
(a) Giving full recognition to and using the full range of low-cost options for waste management, including, where appropriate, their institutionalization and incorporation within codes of practice and regulation;
(b) Assigning high priority to the extension of waste management services, as necessary and appropriate, to all settlements irrespective of their legal status, giving due emphasis to meeting the waste disposal needs of the unserved, especially the unserved urban poor;
(c) Integrating the provision and maintenance of waste management services with other basic services such as water-supply and storm-water drainage.
21.46. Research activities could be enhanced. Countries, in cooperation with appropriate international organizations and non-governmental organizations, should, for instance:
(a) Find solutions and equipment for managing wastes in areas of concentrated populations and on small islands. In particular, there is a need for appropriate refuse storage and collection systems and cost-effective and hygienic human waste disposal options;
(b) Prepare and disseminate guidelines, case-studies, policy reviews and technical reports on appropriate solutions and modes of service delivery to unserved low-income areas;
(c) Launch campaigns to encourage active community participation involving women's and youth groups in the management of waste, particularly household waste;
(d) Promote intercountry transfer of relevant technologies, especially technologies for high-density settlements.
21.47. International organizations and national and local Governments, in collaboration with non-governmental organizations, should provide focused training on low-cost waste collection and disposal options, particularly techniques for their planning and delivery. Intercountry staff exchange programmes among developing countries could form part of such training. Particular attention should be given to upgrading the status and skills of management-level personnel in waste management agencies.
21.48. Improvements in management techniques are likely to yield the greatest returns in terms of improving waste management service efficiency. The United Nations, international organizations and financial institutions should, in collaboration with national and local Governments, develop and render operational management information systems for municipal record keeping and accounting and for efficiency and effectiveness assessment.
21.49. Governments, institutions and non-governmental organizations, with the collaboration of appropriate organizations of the United Nations system, should develop capacities to implement programmes to provide waste collection and disposal services to the unserved populations. Some activities under the programmes should include the following:
(a) Establishing a special unit within current institutional arrangements to plan and deliver services to the unserved poor communities, with their involvement and participation;
(b) Making revisions to existing codes and regulations to permit the use of the full range of low-cost alternative technologies for waste disposal;
(c) Building institutional capacity and developing procedures for undertaking service planning and delivery.


seasoned professional–we have positions for you.
and childcare facilities to maintain the state required child-to-staff ratio.
We search and source candidates from all major job boards and social media platforms.
The employer chooses from the candidates sent and CCS facilitates the placement process.
Child Care Staffing exists to bring exceptional educational professionals and child care centers together to provide the best learning environment for children to thrive and grow.
Whether you are a preschool or day care facility, we source the finest educational providers to meet the unique needs of your organization. We recruit, provide substitute staff and source education consultants to keep your center powered by skilled experts. We are passionate about matching highly trained teachers, professionals and staff with educational centers that prioritize the growth of the children in their care.
©2018 Child Care Staffing, Inc.


The Army National Guard has specific physical, academic, and legal qualifications that you must pass to join. Below is a list of the requirements you will be required to meet in order to join the National Guard.
You must be in good health and have no major physical handicaps.
The minimum age to join the National Guard is 17. Persons under age 18 must obtain the consent of a parent or legal guardian.
You must be either currently in high school or have a high school diploma or GED. You must also obtain a minimum qualifying score on the Armed Forces Vocational Aptitude Battery exam (ASVAB).
Soon after you contact a recruiter, he or she will administer this test to see if you are qualified. Your ASVAB score will also determine which job, known as a Military Occupational Specialty (MOS), you are qualified for. Your recruiter will provide you with more exact information and make recommendations regarding your qualification status.
To join the Army National Guard, you must have a high school diploma or GED. If you do not meet this requirement, we can help; just visit the National Guard Youth Challenge Program's web site. †Persons who were born in the 50 United States including the commonwealths, Guam, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and the District of Columbia, are eligible for enlistment. Persons born abroad on a military installation, or born abroad of U.S. parents who were citizens at the time are also eligible for enlistment. Persons considered to be aliens who have been lawfully and permanently admitted to the United States and requested permanent residence may enlist BUT not for any Military Occupational Specialty requiring a security clearance. These applicants will incur a Military Service Obligation (MSO), and they should apply for citizenship within four years after enlistment. Those who do not apply for citizenship by the end of their MSO will not be eligible for extension or reenlistment and will be discharged upon completion of their MSO. Aliens who have been admitted on a temporary basis are not eligible for enlistment. Nationals of the United States, such as the American Samoa, are eligible for enlistment.
*Not all the enlistment criteria are shown here; contact your recruiter for exact details.
Success in any branch of the Military depends on a good education, and a high school diploma is most desirable. Candidates with a GED can enlist, but some services may limit opportunities. It is very difficult to be considered a serious candidate without either a high school diploma or accepted alternative credential. In any case, staying in school is important for entering the Military.
As part of the entrance process for any service, prior to Boot Camp, you will receive a physical exam. During that exam you will be asked about your overall health.
A criminal record may disqualify you from military service. If you have a criminal record you need to talk to a recruiter in order to evaluate your particular situation.


RACQ LifeFlight Rescue helicopter has airlifted a woman in her 60s who suffered a suspected stroke at her home north of Gympie.
Due to flooding, Queensland Ambulance Service (QAS) paramedics were unable to reach the patient via road.
The Bundaberg based RACQ LifeFlight Rescue crew was called to the scene at 5:35pm and landed the helicopter on a paddock approximately 100 metres from the property.
The QAS paramedic on board treated the patient before the crew carried her to the helicopter to be transported to Bundaberg Hospital in a stable condition.


This may be the start of a bolder conversation, where we put into action projects and programs that put the needs of those we seek to help before ourselves.
Blended finance simply encourages more private sector investment by being strategic with the money already at work. Here's how it helps entrepreneurs.
At the Global Entrepreneurship Summit, Silicon Valley investors need to keep an eye on those using innovation and tech to meet the needs of billions.
Entrepreneurship is messy, but this book doesn't simply tell you that—it shows you. With 13 unique stories, these entrepreneurs will inspire you.


text:
Q: Memoir class and Bibtex I have
biblio.bib:
@article{XX,
title={{Title}},
author={Author},
journal={Journal Title},
volume=1,
number=11,
pages={1-2},
year=1666
}

And myfile.tex
\documentclass[oneside]{memoir}
   \usepackage{natbib}
\begin{document}

   ...
   \cite{XX}
   ...

  \bibliography{biblio}
  \bibliographystyle{acm}

\end{document}

I get the error:
ERROR: Class memoir Error: Font command \sc is not supported.

--- TeX said ---

See the memoir class documentation for explanation.
Type  H <return>  for immediate help.
 ...

l.4 {\sc
         Author}.
--- HELP ---
From the .log file...

Use \textsc, or \scshape{...}, or the oldfontcommands option

What might I be doing wrong?

A: have you tried:
\renewcommand{\bf}{\textbf}

or
\renewcommand{\sc}{\textsc}

right after the \usepackage{} section and before \begin{document}?
It worked for me.
https://blogs.oracle.com/mociepka/entry/bibtex

A: The memoir class enforces the use of proper font commands.  The old two-letter commands such as \bf and \it, \sc, etc. are problematic and now very old.  See

*

*Will two-letter font style commands (\bf , \it , …) ever be resurrected in LaTeX?
Unfortunately, many older bibliography styles still use the old font commands, and since their code is not trivial to modify, you are kind of stuck with them.  Luckily, memoir also provides an option to allow you to use the old font commands.  So for your example you need to load the class with this option (described in Sec.1.4 "Other options" of the documentation for v3.7f):
\documentclass[oneside,oldfontcommands]{memoir}

Multiple options can be passed to a class or a package by putting them all inside one set of square brackets and separating them with commas.

A: Another possible solution involves changing the bibliography style file (.bst) file.
You will find one or more \sc command on it, which you can replace with \textsc to solve the problem.


text:
In-fill project to add 50 condominiums near downtown Reno
intern2@nnbw.com
This artists rendering shows the Mill Street Lofts. The condominium projects by Mardian Development Co. includes the remodel of an office building into 24-units plus a second building that will be constructed from the ground up into 26-units.
Courtesy Cathexes Architecture |
A new 50-unit condominium is coming soon, right outside the southeast edge of downtown Reno.
"This is clearly a downtown project; we're literally a block from the Aces Ballpark (Greater Nevada Field)," Michael Mardian, owner of Mardian Development Co., said in a phone interview.
The Mill Street Lofts, lead by Mardian Development, will replace the old office building on 560 Mill St. with two residential condominiums. Building A will transform the old office building into a 24-unit condominium. Building B will be a 26-unit condominium constructed from the ground up on the parking lot just west of building A.
The Lofts are slated to have a variety of features depending on the unit type — like an interior courtyard, security cameras, balconies, elevators, fireplaces, patios and self-storage units.
"Since we're downtown we're centrally located between the two major hospitals, which are Renown and Saint Mary's. We're very close to Midtown … and we are literally blocks from the University of Nevada, where they're at 125 percent occupancy,"Michael MardianMardian Development Co.
"The reason it's called 'Lofts' is because we have much higher ceilings than your typical 8-foot ceiling," Mardian explained. "Our ceilings will range anywhere from 10 feet tall to 16 feet tall on the third floor of the brand new building."
Mardian believes one of the best things about the Lofts is the location.
"Since we're downtown we're centrally located between the two major hospitals, which are Renown and Saint Mary's. We're very close to Midtown … and we are literally blocks from the University of Nevada, where they're at 125 percent occupancy," Mardian said.
People can get their foot in the door early by signing up for the reservation list on mardiandev.com. According to Mardian, at least 27 people have signed up since the reservation list opened up Jan. 16 of this year.
"I'm very happy with the success so far," Mardian said about the interest his property has garnered.
Those who sign up and pay the $1,000 deposit will get first pick on the units and receive a reservation package with documentation. Mardian plans to announce prices for the different unit types this March.
He hopes construction can begin within the next couple months.
"The (building) permits are ready," Mardian said. "I'm just down to my final negotiations for the cost to build it and the financing. And those pretty much go hand in hand."
He estimates the project will take about 13 months to complete, which puts the anticipated completion date at approximately spring of 2018.
Mardian first considered buying the property years ago when he noticed that only one tenant was using the office building near downtown Reno. He bought it in September of 2015.
Mardian Development has developed many high-end properties for the past 40 years in the northern Nevada region. Mardian graduated from the University of Nevada, Reno with a bachelor of science in Managerial Sciences in 1977.
The Mill Street Lofts were designed by Cathexes Architecture.
For more information, visit mardiandev.com.


I completely agree with Thackeray. There are a thousand thoughts lying around we're not aware of until the pen hits the… well, the fingers hit the keyboard. In fact, some of them you aren't even aware of until they've already poured out onto the page. Which brings us to the issue of recalcitrant characters.
Any NaNo author will confirm that once you get past that first week or so of writing your characters start to truly become themselves – even if its not the self you had in mind. They fall in love with the wrong person. They murder. They die. They decide to be a mystery instead of a romance (or vice versa). They start quests that never had anything to do with the plot points that you set out for them.
1. Put them in their place.
You are the author. If you don't like where the characters are taking you then rein them in and make them go the way you want them to. Mark that rebellious bit in red so that you know to come back and ax it later. They'll learn their place soon enough.
While some characters just have delusions of grandeur, others will open you up to whole new awesome and amazing plot lines that you never even conceived of before they showed up on your page. These you keep.
It really comes down to whether those character changes are going to enrich your story or detract from it.
P.S. If people start looking at your funny because you talk about your characters like they have minds of their own it's okay. There's no 12-step program for it, but your local write-in is a great place to find support for it.


text:
Q: Equivalent of python's int('hex-string', 16) in Javascript?
Possible Duplicate:
How to convert decimal to hex in JavaScript?

Is there an equivalent of python's int('hex-string', 16) function in Javascript?

A: You can use parseInt():
var result = parseInt("0x42", 16);  // 66


3 5/8" closed. 2 3/4" 8Cr14MoV stainless modified clip blade with black finish and wave feature. The wave feature allows the knife to be opened as it is withdrawn from pocket. Textured black G-10 front handle and 410 stainless back handle with black finish. Lanyard hole. Reversible black finish stainless pocket clip.


John Muir Country Park is on the East Lothian coast near Dunbar, and the event centre was at East Links Family Park, which has a good café. The start and finish weren't far away. The terrain includes two distinct areas: fairly flat mature pine forest with a good path network and a coastal fringe of open dunes; and more extensive dunes covered in marram grass on Spike Island, beyond the saltmarsh. The longest courses also crossed the Hedderwick Burn for a few controls.
It was a clear, chilly night with a light breeze, and underfoot conditions were good.
Full results are available here and more information about the event is on the Interløpers web site.


As a courtesy to all the daycares in the Poland area, one of our volunteers, Suzie Stover, will come to your daycare and do a Storytime! This Storytime includes the reading of several stories appropriate for the preschool age and a craft also appropriate for the preschool age. If you are interested in having Suzie come to your daycare, either for a single visit, or on a regular basis, please call us at 998-4390. This service is only offered from September to May, and is not available during June, July, and August.


The Cleveland Cavaliers are the favorites in an Eastern Conference finals rematch with the Boston Celtics.
The Westgate Las Vegas SuperBook installed the Cavaliers as a minus-275 favorite over the Celtics, who have home-court advantage in the best-of-seven series.
NBA playoff predictions: Who will make the Finals?
The line for Sunday's Game 1 in Boston opened at pick 'em at the Westgate.
LeBron James has faced the Celtics six times in the playoffs, winning the past four series and six straight postseason road games in Boston. James is averaging 34.3 points per game this postseason, the second-highest scoring mark of his illustrious playoff career.
The Cavaliers won two of three meetings with the Celtics in the regular season, including a 121-99 rout in Boston on Feb. 11.
The Celtics were 3-1 underdogs to the Philadelphia 76ers in the conference semifinals. Boston eliminated Philadelphia with a thrilling 114-112 win in Game 5 on Wednesday.
Now the Celtics get another shot at James and the Cavaliers, who beat them 4-1 in last year's Eastern finals.
Boston returns only four players from last season's roster and lost its two prized offseason acquisitions, Kyrie Irving and Gordon Hayward, to injuries during the regular season.
"Obviously guys have been going down all year. It's like you never know who's going to go down, things like that, but we find a way," Celtics point guard Terry Rozier told reporters Wednesday night. "We pull together. I'm not saying we're better or not [than last year's team], but we're definitely going back to the Eastern Conference finals, and that's a blessing."
The Cavaliers also were an underdog in the second round, but they swept the top-seeded Toronto Raptors to reach the conference finals for a fourth straight season. James is looking to reach the NBA Finals for an eighth straight year.
The winner of the Eastern Conference is expected to be a significant underdog against the Western Conference champion in the Finals. The Golden State Warriors are the title favorites at 5-8, followed by the Houston Rockets at 12-5. The Cavaliers are 11-2, with the Celtics at 18-1.


text:
El cantón de Moulins-Oeste era una división administrativa francesa que estaba situada en el departamento de Allier y la región de Auvernia.

Composición
El cantón estaba formado por seis comunas, más una fracción de la comuna de Moulins:
 Aubigny
 Avermes
 Bagneux
 Coulandon
 Montilly
 Moulins (fracción)
 Neuvy

Supresión del cantón de Moulins-Oeste

En aplicación del Decreto n.º 2014-265, de 27 de febrero de 2014, el cantón de Moulins-Oeste fue suprimido el 22 de marzo de 2015 y sus 7 comunas pasaron a formar parte del nuevo cantón de Moulins-1.

Referencias

Moulins-Oeste


The juvenile court's power to waive jurisdiction which entails the transfer of juvenile offenders to adult courts presents a topic of longstanding controversy. It's rationale, one of protection of the public, has been labeled by the authors as untenable. Moreover, it is asserted that waiver of jurisdiction in such cases contravenes the very cornerstone of the juvenile court process--the doctrine of parens patriae. Three methods of transfer are seen to exist--legislative, prosecutorial, and judicial. Focusing on the latter, the authors posit an argument advocating the abrogation of the concept of waiver. Justification for this proposition is seen to flow from a presently inadequate and inappropriate adult system. It is theorized that the integration of juvenile offenders into the adult process produces adverse labeling, and enhances the likelihood of physical and emotional trauma. Additionally, it is suggested that requiring juvenile courts to hear cases that would otherwise be transferred would eliminate arbitrary decision- making in that regard, and would facilitate the diversion of status offenders to forms of treatment other than institutionalization.