1 Area 130,370.00 (sq km) 99 Area compares the sum of all land and water areas delimited by international boundaries and/or coastlines.
2 Population 6,085,213 Population 111 July 2018 est. Population compares estimates from the US Bureau of the Census based on statistics from population censuses, vital statistics registration systems, or sample surveys pertaining to the recent past and on assumptions about future trends.
4 Population growth rate 0.97 (%) 113 2018 est. Population growth rate compares the average annual percent change in populations, resulting from a surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths and the balance of migrants entering and leaving a country. The rate may be positive or negative.
5 Birth rate 17.5 (births/1,000 population) 101 2018 est. Birth rate compares the average annual number of births during a year per 1,000 persons in the population at midyear; also known as crude birth rate.
6 Death rate 5.2 (deaths/1,000 population) 191 2018 est. Death rate compares the average annual number of deaths during a year per 1,000 population at midyear; also known as crude death rate.
7 Net migration rate -2.7 (migrant(s)/1,000 population) 171 2017 est. Net migration rate compares the difference between the number of persons entering and leaving a country during the year per 1,000 persons (based on midyear population).
8 Maternal mortality rate 150 (deaths/100,000 live births) 60 2015 est. The Maternal mortality rate (MMR) is the annual number of female deaths per 100,000 live births from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management (excluding accidental or incidental causes).
9 Infant mortality rate 17.7 (deaths/1,000 live births) 89 2018 est. Infant mortality rate compares the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
10 Life expectancy at birth 73.7 (years) 134 2018 est. Life expectancy at birth compares the average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages.
11 Total fertility rate 1.87 (children born/woman) 140 2018 est. Total fertility rate (TFR) compares figures for the average number of children that would be born per woman if all women lived to the end of their childbearing years and bore children according to a given fertility rate at each age. TFR is a more direct measure of the level of fertility than the crude birth rate, since it refers to births per woman.
12 Health expenditures 9 (% of GDP) 39 2014 Health expenditures provides the total expenditure on health as a percentage of GDP. Health expenditures are broadly defined as activities performed either by institutions or individuals through the application of medical, paramedical, and/or nursing knowledge and technology, the primary purpose of which is to promote, restore, or maintain health.
13 HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate 0.2 (%) 102 2017 est. HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate compares the percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with HIV/AIDS.
14 HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS 9,000 HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS 103 2017 est. HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS compares all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS.
15 Obesity - adult prevalence rate 23.7 (%) 63 2016 Obesity - adult prevalence rate gives the percent of a country's population considered to be obese.
16 Children under the age of 5 years underweight 4.6 (%) 85 2012 Children under the age of 5 years underweight gives the percent of children under five considered to be underweight. Underweight means weight-for-age is approximately 2 kg below for standard at age one, 3 kg below standard for ages two and three, and 4 kg below standard for ages four and five.
17 Education expenditures 4.5 (% of GDP) 94 2010 Education expenditures compares the public expenditure on education as a percent of GDP.
18 Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 8.5 (%) 136 2014 est. Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 gives the percent of the total labor force ages 15-24 unemployed during a specified year.
19 GDP (purchasing power parity) $36,400,000,000 GDP (purchasing power parity) 124 2017 est. GDP (purchasing power parity) compares the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States.
20 GDP - real growth rate 4.9 (%) 54 2017 est. GDP - real growth rate compares GDP growth on an annual basis adjusted for inflation and expressed as a percent.
21 GDP - per capita (PPP) $5,900 GDP - per capita (PPP) 165 2017 est. GDP - per capita (PPP) compares GDP on a purchasing power parity basis divided by population as of 1 July for the same year.
22 Gross national saving 24 (% of GDP) 69 2017 est. Gross national saving is derived by deducting final consumption expenditure from Gross national disposable income, and consists of personal saving, plus business saving, plus government saving, but excludes foreign saving. The figures are presented as a percent of GDP. A negative number indicates that the economy as a whole is spending more income than it produces, thus drawing down national wealth (dissaving).
23 Industrial production growth rate 3.5 (%) 88 2017 est. Industrial production growth rate compares the annual percentage increase in industrial production (includes manufacturing, mining, and construction).
24 Labor force 3,046,000 Labor force 103 2017 est. Labor force compares the total labor force figure.
25 Unemployment rate 6.4 (%) 95 2017 est. Unemployement rate compares the percent of the labor force that is without jobs.
26 Distribution of family income - Gini index 47.1 Distribution of family income - Gini index 27 2014 Distribution of family income - Gini index measures the degree of inequality in the distribution of family income in a country. The more nearly equal a country's income distribution, the lower its Gini index, e.g., a Scandinavian country with an index of 25. The more unequal a country's income distribution, the higher its Gini index, e.g., a Sub-Saharan country with an index of 50. If income were distributed with perfect equality the index would be zero; if income were distributed with perfect inequality, the index would be 100.
27 Taxes and other revenues 28 (% (of GDP)) 97 2017 est. Taxes and other revenues records total taxes and other revenues received by the national government during the time period indicated, expressed as a percent of GDP. Taxes include personal and corporate income taxes, value added taxes, excise taxes, and tariffs. Other revenues include social contributions - such as payments for social security and hospital insurance - grants, and net revenues from public enterprises.
28 Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) -2 (% (of GDP)) 106 2017 est. Budget surplus or deficit records the difference between national government revenues and expenditures, expressed as a percent of GDP. A positive (+) number indicates that revenues exceeded expenditures (a budget surplus), while a negative (-) number indicates the reverse (a budget deficit).
29 Public debt 33.3 (% of GDP) 157 2017 est. Public debt compares the cumulative total of all government borrowings less repayments that are denominated in a country's home currency. Public debt should not be confused with external debt.
30 Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.90 (%) 153 2017 est. Inflation rate (consumer prices) compares the annual percent change in consumer prices with the previous year's consumer prices.
31 Central bank discount rate 3 (%) 112 31 December 2010 Central bank discount rate compares the annualized interest rate a country's central bank charges commercial, depository banks for loans to meet temporary shortages of funds.
32 Commercial bank prime lending rate 10.8 (%) 76 31 December 2017 est. Commercial bank prime lending rate compares a simple average of annualized interest rates commercial banks charge on new loans, denominated in the national currency, to their most credit-worthy customers.
33 Stock of narrow money $1,162,000,000 Stock of narrow money 153 31 December 2017 est. "Stock of money compares""M1"" which is the total quantity of currency in circulation (notes and coins) plus demand deposits denominated in the national currency, held by nonbank financial institutions, state and local governments, nonfinancial public enterprises, and the private sector of the economy. The national currency units have been converted to US dollars at the closing exchange rate on the date of the information."
34 Stock of broad money $1,162,000,000 Stock of broad money 158 31 December 2017 est. "Stock of quasi money compares the total quantity of time and savings deposits denominated in the national currency, held by nonbank financial institutions, state and local governments, nonfinancial public enterprises, and the private sector of the economy. When added together with""M1"" the total money supply is known as ""M2."" The national currency units have been converted to US dollars at the closing exchange rate on the date of the information."
35 Stock of domestic credit $6,461,000,000 Stock of domestic credit 122 31 December 2017 est. Stock of domestic credit compares the total quantity of credit, denominated in the domestic currency, provided by banks to nonbanking institutions. The national currency units have been converted to US dollars at the closing exchange rate on the date of the information.
36 Market value of publicly traded shares $1,568,000,000 Market value of publicly traded shares 102 31 December 2016 Market value of publicly traded shares compares the value of shares issued by publicly traded companies at a price determined in the national stock markets on the final day of the period indicated. It is simply the latest price per share multiplied by the total number of outstanding shares, cumulated over all companies listed on the particular exchange.
37 Current account balance -$694,000,000 Current account balance 127 2017 est. Current account balance compares a country's net trade in goods and services, plus net earnings, and net transfer payments to and from the rest of the world during the period specified. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis.
38 Exports $3,819,000,000 Exports 120 2017 est. Exports compares the total US dollar amount of merchandise exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis.
39 Imports $6,613,000,000 Imports 117 2017 est. Imports compares the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis.
40 Reserves of foreign exchange and gold $2,758,000,000 Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 113 31 December 2017 est. Reserves of foreign exchange and gold compares the dollar value for the stock of all financial assets that are available to the central monetary authority for use in meeting a country's balance of payments needs as of the end-date of the period specified.
41 Debt - external $11,310,000,000 Debt - external 109 31 December 2017 est. Debt - external compares the total public and private debt owed to nonresidents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis.
42 Electricity - production 4,454,000,000 (kWh) 124 2016 est. Electricity - production compares the annual electricity generated expressed in kilowatt-hours.
43 Electricity - consumption 3,590,000,000 (kWh) 132 2016 est. Electricity - consumption compares total electricity generated annually plus imports and minus exports, expressed in kilowatt-hours.
44 Electricity - exports 17,870,000 (kWh) 91 2016 est. Electricity exports is the total exported electricity in kilowatt-hours.
45 Electricity - imports 205,000,000 (kWh) 93 2016 est. Electricity - imports is the total imported electricity in kilowatt-hours.
46 Electricity - installed generating capacity 1,551,000.00 (kW) 123 2016 est. Electricity - installed generating capacity is the total capacity of currently installed generators, expressed in kilowatts (kW), to produce electricity. A 10-kilowatt (kW) generator will produce 10 kilowatt hours (kWh) of electricity, if it runs continuously for one hour.
47 Electricity - from fossil fuels 56 (% of total installed capacity) 139 2016 est. Electricity from fossil fuels measures the capacity of plants that generate electricity by burning fossil fuels (such as coal, petroleum products, and natural gas), expressed as a share of the country's total generating capacity.
48 Electricity - from nuclear fuels 0 (% of total installed capacity) 155 2017 est. Electricity - from nuclear fuels measures the capacity of plants that generate electricity through radioactive decay of nuclear fuel, expressed as a share of the country's total generating capacity.
49 Electricity - from hydroelectric plants 9 (% of total installed capacity) 120 2017 est. Electricity - from hydroelectric plants measures the capacity of plants that generate electricity by water-driven turbines, expressed as a share of the country's total generating capacity.
50 Electricity - from other renewable sources 35 (% of total installed capacity) 9 2017 est. Electricity - from other renewable sources measures the capacity of plants that generate electricity by using renewable energy sources other than hydroelectric (including, for example, wind, waves, solar, and geothermal), expressed as a share of the country's total generating capacity.
51 Crude oil - production 0 (bbl/day) 182 2017 est. Crude oil - production is the total amount of crude oil produced, in barrels per day (bbl/day).
52 Crude oil - exports 0 (bbl/day) 175 2015 est. Crude oil - exports is the total amount of crude oil exported, in barrels per day (bbl/day).
53 Crude oil - imports 16,180 (bbl/day) 69 2015 est. Crude oil - imports is the total amount of crude oil imported, in barrels per day (bbl/day).
54 Crude oil - proved reserves 0 (bbl) 178 1 January 2018 est. Crude oil - proved reserves is the stock of proved reserves of crude oil, in barrels (bbl). Proved reserves are those quantities of petroleum which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions.
55 Refined petroleum products - production 14,720 (bbl/day) 95 2015 est. Refined petroleum products - production is the country's total output of refined petroleum products, in barrels per day (bbl/day).
56 Refined petroleum products - consumption 37,000 (bbl/day) 115 2016 est. Refined petroleum products - consumption is the country's total consumption of refined petroleum products, in barrels per day (bbl/day).
57 Refined petroleum products - exports 460 (bbl/day) 111 2015 est. Refined petroleum products - exports is the country's total exports of refined petroleum products, in barrels per day (bbl/day).
58 Refined petroleum products - imports 20,120 (bbl/day) 121 2015 est. Refined petroleum products - imports is the country's total imports of refined petroleum products, in barrels per day (bbl/day).
59 Natural gas - production 0 (cu m) 179 2017 est. Natural gas - production compares the total natural gas produced in cubic meters (cu m).
60 Natural gas - consumption 0 (cu m) 183 2017 est. Natural gas - consumption compares the total natural gas consumed in cubic meters (cu m).
61 Natural gas - exports 0 (cu m) 162 2017 est. Natural gas - exports compares the total natural gas exported in cubic meters (cu m).
62 Natural gas - imports 0 (cu m) 167 2017 est. Natural gas - imports compares the total natural gas imported in cubic meters (cu m).
63 Natural gas - proved reserves 0 (cu m) 177 1 January 2015 est. Natural gas - proved reserves compares the stock of proved reserves of natural gas in cubic meters (cu m).
64 Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy 5,405,000.00 (Mt) 132 2017 est. Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy is the total amount of carbon dioxide, measured in metric tons, released by burning fossil fuels in the process of producing and consuming energy.
65 Telephones - fixed lines 375,856 Telephones - fixed lines 105 2017 est. Telephones - main lines in use compares the total number of main telephone lines in use.
66 Telephones - mobile cellular 8,179,876 Telephones - mobile cellular 99 2017 est. Telephones - mobile cellular compares the total number of mobile cellular telephone subscribers.
67 Internet users 1,466,152 Internet users 123 July 2016 est. Internet users compares the number of users within a country that access the Internet. Statistics vary from country to country and may include users who access the Internet at least several times a week to those who access it only once within a period of several months.
68 Broadband - fixed subscriptions 210,124 Broadband - fixed subscriptions 108 2017 est.
69 Airports 147 Airports 40 2013 Airports compares the total number of airports or airfields recognizable from the air. The runway(s) may be paved or unpaved and may include closed or abandoned installations.
70 Roadways 23,897 (km) 79 2014 Roadways compares the total length of the road network and includes the length of the paved and unpaved portions.
71 Waterways 2,220 (km) 39 2011 Waterways compares the total length of navigable rivers, canals, and other inland bodies of water.
72 Merchant marine 5 Merchant marine 163 2017 Merchant marine compares all ships engaged in the carriage of goods; or all commercial vessels (as opposed to all nonmilitary ships), which excludes tugs, fishing vessels, offshore oil rigs, etc.
73 Military expenditures 0.61 (% of GDP) 140 2017 Military expenditures compares spending on defense programs for the most recent year available as a percent of gross domestic product (GDP; calculated on an exchange rate basis).


How Adidas took over your Facebook page!
Aside from throwing some of my favorite parties around town, the CLOT crew have a very successful clothing store called JUICE in Causeway Bay….
I'm almost back to normal after a long week of parties and events, the climax being the third anniversary of CLOT on Friday night….


You are here: Home » Buy and Sell » Why isn't my House Selling?
As a former estate agent, I know all too well that it is a fact that at least once a month one of your vendors will flounce into the office, demanding to know why you haven't sold their property. Like it's deliberate, which I absolutely promise you it's not. Why would an agent take your property on to their books and spend an average of £800 taking details, marketing and advertising the property, to not sell it and not get paid a penny?
But while it may not be deliberate, that's not to say it's not the agent's fault to some degree. There are really only two reasons why a property might stick on the market - the presentation of it, and the price – and while the former may have slightly more to do with the seller than the agent, it's very much in the agent's interest to deal with the subject.
The presentation you can do a lot about, and it really does matter if you want to appeal to as many people as possible. I was always amazed at the number of potential buyers who couldn't see past a shabby or messy interior, but the fact is that the happier and more at home you can make your viewers feel from the moment they walk through the door, the more positive they're likely to be, and the less any little imperfections will matter to them. And presenting a property well doesn't have to involve a massive cash injection, just a little time and effort, so if you don't want to or can't redecorate, then it's very simple: de-clutter, have everything in its rightful place, but most importantly, make sure the property is immaculately clean.
A dated bathroom and kitchen, complete with a set of Auntie Beryl's floral curtains should be reflected in the price, and you can almost be forgiven for having every surface covered in ornaments and photographs, provided that they and the surfaces beneath them are spotless, because tidiness and cleanliness tells the viewer that you take pride in and care of your home, which in turn makes it feel a happy and well-looked after place. Get the vacuum cleaner nozzle round those edges, some vinegar on the windows, dust every ledge and surface, move the furniture and clean underneath it, fling open the windows and pop a gorgeous bunch of lisianthus on the table and Bob's your uncle, you'll be on to a winner. Trust me.
And the price. Pretty much anything will sell at the right price. Now you might say, "It's not the price, it's the location - not everyone wants to be on a main road ...".... Not at that price they don't! If you're selling a 4-bedroom detached on a main road, it's going to have to be significantly lower in price than the similar one three streets away in a cul-de-sac. Put yourself in the buyer's position - which of the two would you go for, and how much less would the one on the road have to be to make you buy it? Or how about, "It's not the price, it's the decor - but that's just our taste, and if they can't see through that, they're obviously not serious about buying. And that bathroom is fine, maybe not the latest, but they can't expect that ..." Oh yes they can, and yes, they are serious about buying, but your pad is just £2,000 less than a virtually identical one around the corner which is beautifully decorated, just their taste, whereas they'd be looking at spending a good £10,000 on yours. Again, which would you go for?
Now you could say that it's the agent's fault for overpricing your home - which it often is, but let's not ignore the fact that a surprising number of sellers will try to demand that you market their home at an inflated price because 'that's what it's worth'. No it's not, it's worth what someone will pay for it. I know a couple whose house has been on the market for a year to date and they have received just two very low offers. What does that tell you? And another couple had their place on the market for six months, with no interest, then walked into the office I worked in one day and stated that in their opinion the reason we hadn't sold it was that it was underpriced and people would think there must be something wrong with it, so they wanted to put the price up by £30,000. Extraordinary.
But back to the agent overpricing - do remember that an estate agent's 'valuation' is not a specific valuation, it's a 'market appraisal', and it's not an exact science. I should know - I've got the odd thing wildly wrong in the past. It's one person's opinion, which is why you should always get at least three appraisals and not necessarily go for the highest. Ask yourself why an agent is giving you a value that high. They're either inexperienced (and you would do well to enquire how long the 'senior negotiator' standing in your sitting room has been doing the job), or are so desperate to get another property on their books that they'll tell you pretty much anything you want to hear.
Which brings me to the main problem. OK, so let's accept that your home is a bit of a mess (but hey, you've got children and lead a busy life - what do people expect?!) and for whatever reason, the agent has overvalued it by £20,000, which they now realise. Why hasn't anything been done about it? Why do people need to pay home staging experts, or call in Ann Maurice or the Trading Up crew? Because the majority of estate agents don't want to risk offending their vendors by suggesting that their home is anything other than 'beautifully maintained' and/or aren't willing to admit that they got their initial valuation wrong. So they spend four months and £800 on marketing, for you to then walk in, disinstruct them and take it to the agent three doors down the street, who will more than likely do exactly the same as they have.
So I'm back at the start - not selling your property is not deliberate on the part of the agent. It's stupid and shortsighted, but then that's a number of agents and the crux of the matter. A good agent will tell you if there is something holding up your sale which you can do something about, or they will regularly try to get you to lower your price and they'll back it up with evidence: "We've had seven people view your house - five said it needed too much doing to it and two didn't like the location. We asked the five if they would make an offer if the asking price was lower, and three said they'd consider it at £20,000 less, so let's drop the asking price by £10,000 and market it as 'offers in the region of...'". That's what you pay an agent for and that's the kind of service you should be getting. Now go forth and instruct - but not until your home smells like a summer breeze!


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Svéd-Pomeránia (; ), másnéven Svéd-Elő-Pomeránia a történelmi Pomerániai Hercegség nyugati része a Balti-tenger déli partján, amely az 1630-as stettini szerződéstől 1815-ig a svéd korona hűbéri birtoka volt. De facto 1637-ben, a Greifen hercegi ház kihalása után lett Svédország birtoka. Az 1648-as vesztfáliai békeszerződés rögzítette státuszát, mint a Svéd Királyságnak nyújtott császári hűbéradományt. Kisebb részeit az 1679-es saint-germaini békeszerződésben, majd az 1720-as stockholmi békeszerződésben Brandenburg-Poroszország kapta meg. 1815-ben, a bécsi kongresszus döntése alapján teljes egészében a Porosz Királysághoz csatolták. A második világháború vége óta a területén Németország (Mecklenburg-Elő-Pomeránia szövetségi tartomány) és Lengyelország osztozik.

Svédország katonai stratégiája a 17. században
A Svéd Királyság (akárcsak ellenlábasa, a Dán Királyság) a középkor óta folyamatosan törekedett arra, hogy a Balti-tenger déli, német partján is szárazföldi birtokokat () szerezzen, melyeket a hadiflotta támaszpontjaként és hídfőállásként használhatott a kontinens felé indított hadműveleteihez, az anyaország veszélyeztetése nélkül. A 17. századi svéd–lengyel háborúkban Svédország már több dél-balti területet vont ellenőrzése alá, Livóniában és a Porosz Hercegségben.

A Pomerániai Hercegség vége

1625-ben, a pomerániai rész-hercegségek uralkodóinak kihalása után a Greifen-házból való XIV. Bogiszláv herceg, Cammin címzetes püspöke, 1617 óta Pomeránia-Rügenwalde, 1620 óta Pomeránia-Stettin hercege saját kezében egyesítette egész Pomerániát, és felvette a Pomeránia uralkodó hercege (Herzog von Pommern) címet. A harmincéves háborúban semlegességi politikát folytatott, de nem tudta megakadályozni, hogy 1628-ban császári csapatok foglalják el országát egészen Stralsundig. Ugyanebben az évben Svédország is beavatkozott a háborúba, előbb csak segédcsapatokkal, Stralsund védelménél. 1630 tavaszán a svédek elfoglalták Rügen szigetét, júliusban II. Gusztáv Adolf király vezetésével partra szálltak Usedom szigetén. 1631 nyarára már teljesen kiszorították a megszálló császáriakat a Pomerániai Hercegségből.

1630 szeptemberében a svéd király szövetségi szerződést kötött Pomeránia uralkodó hercegével, a gyermektelen XIV. Bogiszlávval. A szerződést visszadatálták 1630. július 10-re (Gergely-naptár sz. július 20-ra), a svéd királyi hadsereg partraszállásának időpontjára. Ezzel II. Gusztáv Adolf király megfordította az 1529-ben a Greifen és a Hohenzollern-házak között megkötött grimnitzi szerződésben rögzített örökség-egyesítést (Erbeinung) Brandenburg és Pomeránia között, biztosítva a maga számára a Greifen-örökséget, ha György Vilmos brandenburgi választófejedelem nem teljesítené a svédek által támasztott kárpótlási igényeket.

Miután XIV. Bogiszláv herceg 1637-ben gyermektelenül elhunyt, II. Ferdinánd német-római császár a Pomerániai Hercegséget György Vilmos brandenburgi választófejedelemnek adta hűbéri birtokul. A svéd katonai túlerő ellenében György Vilmos még császári segítséggel sem tudott hozzáférni új tartományához. Nyugat-Pomerániában a megszálló svéd katonai hatóság egy év alatt átszervezte a közigazgatást. Ez alatt a régi ("hátrahagyott") pomerániai hercegi tanácsnokok még a helyükön maradtak. Egy év után, 1638 tavaszán a svédek átvették a polgári kormányzást is. A megszálló hadak főparancsnokát, Johan Banér tábornagyot (1596–1641) kinevezték polgári főkormányzónak is. Hátsó-Pomeránia és Elő-Pomeránia igazgatására egy-egy alkormányzót rendeltek mellé.

A Brandenburgi Választófejedelemség vitatta a kialakult helyzet jogosságát. A svédek hosszú éveken át tárgyalásokat folytattak Brandenburggal, amely kárpótlásként megkapott néhány kisebb birtokot (Magdeburgi főkáptalan, Halberstadti kolostor, stb.) A harmincéves háborút 1648-ban lezáró vesztfáliai békeszerződésben rögzítették a Pomerániai Hercegség felosztását: a Brandenburgi Választófejedelemség megkapta a keleti részt, Hátsó-Pomerániát, a Svéd Királyság megszerezte a nyugati részt, azaz egész Elő-Pomerániát és Rügen szigetét, az Odera torkolatvidékét (a Stettini-öblöt) és még egy területsávot az Odera folyó keleti (jobb) partján. Ezt a területet nevezték "Svéd-Pomerániának". A határ pontos nyomvonaláról és a Kolberg (Kołobrzeg) erődjének átadásáról Brandenburg és Svédország csak később, az 1653-as stettini határegyezményben () állapodtak meg.

A svéd korona hűbéri birtoka
A pomerániai birtokot Svédország, mint a Birodalom örökös hűbérese kapta meg, így a svéd királyok a régi Greifen-házi hercegek címét és jogait viselhették. Politikai nézetkülönbségek miatt azonban Svédország a császár általi beiktatást (invesztitúrát) csak néhány évvel később kapta meg. A tartomány rendjei formálisan csak 1664-ben hódoltak meg az új uralkodónak, és fogadták el a hercegség új alkotmányát (Regimentsverfassung), a régi, 1634-es alkotmány átdolgozott változatát. 1648–1806 között Pomerániának e része államjogilag Svédország része volt, a király által kinevezett helytartó vagy főkormányzó irányította, akinek személye mindig a svéd főnemesség köréből került ki. 1663–1806 között Svédország királya (Pomeránia hercegének minőségében) állandó helyet kapott a regensburgi birodalmi gyűlésben, a Reichstag-ban.

1653-ban megalapították a dél-balti svéd területek ügyeiben illetékes közös legfelső bíróságot Wismar székhellyel. (Később, az 1803-as malmői elzálogosítási szerződés alapján a Wismar feletti svéd ellenőrzés megszűnt, a főbíróság székhelyét előbb Stralsundba, majd Greifswaldba helyezték át).

Svéd-Pomeránia birtoklása módot adott Svédországnak, hogy az anyaország veszélyeztetése nélkül aktívan részt vehessen a kontinensen folyó háborúkban. Az "előretolt helyőrség" újra és újra hadszíntérré vált. Az 1655–1660-as északi háborúban Svéd-Pomeránia a svéd hadsereg felvonulási és utánpótlási bázisa volt. Az 1674–1679-es svéd–brandenburgi háborúban a svéd csapatok innen kiindulva özönlötték el Brandenburgot, de a fehrbellini csatavesztés után teljesen kiszorultak a tartományból. A vesztes Svédország csak a háborút lezáró saint-germaini békeszerződésben, a szövetséges Franciaország erőteljes diplomáciai támogatása és Brandenburg elleni katonai fellépése után sikerült visszakapnia Svéd-Pomerániát, csak egy kisebb partmenti sávot kellett átadnia Brandenburgnak.

Területi veszteségek a 18. században

A nagy északi háború idején, a dánok 1715-ös pomerániai hadjárata során IV. Frigyes dán király megszállta Svéd-Pomerániának a Peene folyótól északra fekvő részét, a déli részt és az Odera folyó szigeteit a Porosz Királyság foglalta el. Dánia a középkori Rügeni Hercegség helyreállítását és az anyaországhoz csatolását tervezte, megkezdte a földmérést (lusztrációt) és a közigazgatás átszervezését. Az 1721-es (Julián-naptár sz. 1720-as) stockholmi békeszerződésben azonban a Dánia által megszállt területrészt vissza kellett adni Svédországnak, a Peene folyótól délre fekvő terület, beleértve a fővárost, Stettint is, Poroszország birtokában maradt.

1720 után Svéd-Pomeránia területe már csak Rügen szigetét és a Peene folyótól északra fekvő területet foglalta magába. Székhelyét Stralsund erődített városába helyezték. A terület hídfő-jellege megmaradt, a hétéves háborúban is innen indultak a svéd csapatok a Brandenburgi Őrgrófság és Pomeránia tartományok elfoglalására.

A vidék szülöttje, Thomas Heinrich Gadebusch (1736–1804 ) német történész és jogtudós 1796-tól haláláig a svéd királyi kancellária tanácsosa volt. Számos fontos művében dolgozta fel Pomeránia történelmét és jogrendjét. Életművét a Stockholmi Birodalmi Levéltár (Riksarkivet) őrzi.

1806-ban, a Német-római Birodalom felbomlásakor Svéd-Pomeránia államjogi helyzete is megváltozott. IV. Gusztáv Adolf svéd király egy területvédő milícia felállítását rendelte el, de ezt a rendi gyűlés megtagadta. A király emiatt 1806. június 26-án az addig fennálló tartományi alkotmányt és semmissé nyilvánította Svéd-Pomerániának a Birodalomhoz tartozását. A Birodalom kötelékéből kiszakított területet a Svéd Királyság bekebelezte, még mielőtt II. Ferenc császár lemondott volna a német-római császári koronáról, és a Rajnai Szövetség megalakult volna. Megkezdődött a svéd alkotmány bevezetése, eltörölték a jobbágyrendszert, jogi és közigazgatási reformokat hajtottak végre. Az új státust hivatalosan 1806 augusztusában tartott greifswaldi rendi gyűlésen hirdették ki. Az 1807-ben bekövetkező francia megszállás azonban évekkel késleltette az átalakítást.

Átadás Poroszországnak

A napóleoni háborúk során Svéd-Pomeránia területe két alkalommal került a franciák megszállása alá (1807–1810 között, és 1812–13 között). Ezekben az időszakokban Svédország átmenetileg visszanyerte a rendelkezést megmaradt tengerentúli tartományai felett. 1810-től a tervezett igazgatási reformokat részben végrehajtotta. Svédország 1814-ban hadjárattal elfoglalta a korábban Dániához tartozó Norvégiát. Az 1814. január 14-én megkötött kieli békeszerződésben Dániának kárpótlásul odaígérte Svéd-Pomerániát. Mivel azonban Dánia nem tudta fizetni Svédországnak a szerződésben kikötött hadikárpótlást, a svéd kormány a bécsi kongresszuson a Porosz Királysággal egyezett meg Svéd-Pomeránia átengedéséről. Cserében Poroszország átengedte Dániának a Szász–Lauenburgi Hercegséget és magára vállalta a Svédországnak járó, Dániát terhelő hadikárpótlás kifizetését.

Svédország hivatalosan 1815. október 23-án adta át Poroszországnak Svéd-Pomerániát, Wilhelm Malte, Putbus hercege, svéd főkormányzó és a porosz kormány megbízottai jelenlétében. A terület 1818-ig "Stralsund kormányzati körzet" néven különleges jogállást kapott, majd beolvasztották a Porosz Királyság újonnan alakított Pomeránia tartományába. A volt Svéd-Pomerániát (amely 1815-ben vált porosz birtokká) a köznyelvben sokáig "Új-Elő-Pomeránia (és Rügen)" () néven emlegették, megkülönböztetve "Ó-Elő-Pomerániától" (Altvorpommern), utóbbi a Peene és az Odera folyóktól keletre fekvő részt jelentette, mely már 1720 óta Poroszország birtoka volt.

Jegyzetek

Források, kapcsolódó információk

Könyvek, publikációk

Levéltári gyűjtemények

Kapcsolódó szócikkek
 Pomeránia svéd helytartóinak listája
 Pomeránia történelme

Svédország történelme
Németország történelme
Poroszország történelme
Német-római Birodalom
Mecklenburg-Elő-Pomeránia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


❶The wording of the thesis statement in the introduction and the conclusion is similar but not identical, and the description of how Goodman builds his argument is the same. Handwriting is becoming a lost art.
Overall Advice on Your Essay 1. Proofread if you have time. Handwriting, spelling and accurate examples leave positive or negative impressions. Don't skip lines between paragraphs; only indent for a new paragraph.
Explicitly mention the text's central idea. Explicitly mention the text's most important details. Avoid inaccurate interpretations of the text. Make use of direct quotations of the text, paraphrases, or both. Answer the prompt completely and directly. Use evidence from the text that proves your thesis. Avoid guessing readers' emotions.
Tie back to the thesis at the end of each body paragraph. The prompt and the piece given is: Write an essay in which you explain how Jimmy Carter builds an argument to persuade his audience that the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge should not be developed for industry.
In your essay, analyze how Carter uses one or more of the features listed above or features of your own choice to strengthen the logic and persuasiveness of his argument. Be sure that your analysis focuses on the most relevant features of the passage. Your essay should not explain whether you agree with Carter's claims, but rather explain how Carter builds an argument to persuade his audience.
This magnificent area is as vast as it is wild, from the windswept coastal plain where polar bears and caribou give birth, to the towering Brooks Range where Dall sheep cling to cliffs and wolves howl in the midnight sun. More than a decade ago, [my wife] Rosalynn and I had the fortunate opportunity to camp and hike in these regions of the Arctic Refuge.
During bright July days, we walked along ancient caribou trails and studied the brilliant mosaic of wildflowers, mosses, and lichens that hugged the tundra. There was a timeless quality about this great land. As the never-setting sun circled above the horizon, we watched muskox, those shaggy survivors of the Ice Age, lumber along braided rivers that meander toward the Beaufort Sea.
One of the most unforgettable and humbling experiences of our lives occurred on the coastal plain. We had hoped to see caribou during our trip, but to our amazement, we witnessed the migration of tens of thousands of caribou with their newborn calves. In a matter of a few minutes, the sweep of tundra before us became flooded with life, with the sounds of grunting animals and clicking hooves filling the air.
The dramatic procession of the Porcupine caribou herd was a once-in-a-lifetime wildlife spectacle. We understand firsthand why some have described this special birthplace as "America's Serengeti.
Standing on the coastal plain, I was saddened to think of the tragedy that might occur if this great wilderness was consumed by a web of roads and pipelines, drilling rigs and industrial facilities. Such proposed developments would forever destroy the wilderness character of America's only Arctic Refuge and disturb countless numbers of animals that depend on this northernmost terrestrial ecosystem.
The extraordinary wilderness and wildlife values of the Arctic Refuge have long been recognized by both Republican and Democratic presidents. In , President Dwight D.
Eisenhower established the original 8. Twenty years later, I signed the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act, monumental legislation that safeguarded more than million acres of national parks, refuges, and forests in Alaska.
This law specifically created the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, doubled the size of the former range, and restricted development in areas that are clearly incompatible with oil exploration.
Since I left office, there have been repeated proposals to open the Arctic Refuge coastal plain to oil drilling. Those attempts have failed because of tremendous opposition by the American people, including the Gwich'in Athabascan Indians of Alaska and Canada, indigenous people whose culture has depended on the Porcupine caribou herd for thousands of years.
Having visited many aboriginal peoples around the world, I can empathize with the Gwich'ins' struggle to safeguard one of their precious human rights. We must look beyond the alleged benefits of a short-term economic gain and focus on what is really at stake.
At best, the Arctic Refuge might provide 1 to 2 percent of the oil our country consumes each day. We can easily conserve more than that amount by driving more fuel-efficient vehicles. Instead of tearing open the heart of our greatest refuge, we should use our resources more wisely. There are few places on earth as wild and free as the Arctic Refuge. It is a symbol of our national heritage, a remnant of frontier America that our first settlers once called wilderness.
Little of that precious wilderness remains. It will be a grand triumph for America if we can preserve the Arctic Refuge in its pure, untrammeled state. To leave this extraordinary land alone would be the greatest gift we could pass on to future generations. My essay is the following: Throughout his essay, Jimmy Carter builds his argument through a personal anecdote that is meant to touch the reader and humanise him, through the evocative language that he uses in that anecdote to paint a picture of the pristine landscape that he wants to protect, and by finally appealing to the more rational and fact-driven reader by justifying his position with statistics.
After introducing the topic at hand, Carter kicks off immediately with the story of his first visit to the Arctic Refuge, along with his wife. He mentions that his visit there was "one of the most unforgettable and humbling experiences of our lives. This makes the reader more susceptible to the argument that Carter puts forwards, that a place of natural beauty is worth protecting.
Protecting what is meaningful to you and to others is a natural human desire, and by showing us just how much the Arctic Refuge means to him through the personal story, Carter demonstrates the extent of his passion for the place, which is infectious and also makes the reader want to protect it, just like he does.
But perhaps the strongest point of the passage is how Carter uses vivid descriptive language when he tells his personal story to capture moments of beauty within the Arctic Refuge.
Carter describes the landscape first in his anecdote; he mentions the "brilliant mosaic of wildflowers, mosses, and lichens that hugged the tundra. The use of the word mosaic brings to mind art, and that association makes the reader feel as though the Arctic Refuge a precious, invaluable piece, as well as strengthening the mental image of the place in question for the reader, an exercise which will make the reader more sympathetic to protecting it. This mental image is then strengthened by Carter talking of the "muskox, those shaggy survivors of the Ice Age.
This picturesque snapshot of nature that Carter describes is perfect for his argument, that the Arctic Refuge possesses overwhelming natural beauty. Beyond adding to the snapshot though, this quote shows Carter's remarkable use of other techniques, such as personification. The phrase "shaggy survivor" is a remarkably catchy one due to its alliteration, and by calling the muskox a survivor Carter gives is a more human quality which makes the reader be more inclined to like it and want to protect it, which leads through a natural line of reasoning to wanting to protect its habitat and home, which is precisely Carter's main argument.
Carter's personal story isn't effective just because its personal, but also because of how it builds a mental image of the Arctic Refuge through evocative language, which is just what is required for the audience want to protect this slice of natural beauty.
Carter doesn't just rely on emotional arguments to build his case for the preservation of the Arctic Refuge. He makes sure to back up his proposal with a consideration of the arguments against it and facts that support his side.
Find out which schools require or recommend the SAT Essay. If you don't register for the SAT with Essay at first, you can add it later. SAT fee waivers cover the cost of the SAT with Essay. Sending Scores. If you take the SAT with Essay, your essay scores will always .
(SAT essays are scored by two graders who each rate your essay on a scale of in Reading, Analysis, and Writing; the two graders' scores are added together to get scores out of 8 for each domain.) Below, we've excerpted the criteria for a 3 and a 4 in all three domains and described the differences between the 3 and 4 score levels for Reading, Analysis, and Writing.
The format is straightforward, and with some practice, you can learn how to write a great SAT essay. Is it important to take the SAT Essay? The SAT essay is optional and costs an additional fee of $ Sat essay help to write in looking for someone to write my essay my posse dont do homework readers digest november phd thesis writing introduction. He is sat essay help even so that the governments applied structural adjustment programmes., s.. education in a large role to play a vital complement to hands on clinical experience.
General SAT Essay Overview: Prep Help, Questions, Formatting, and More. The writing section of the SAT requires students to answer multiple-choice questions and write a composition. Do not write your essay in this booklet. Only what you write on the lined pages of your answer booklet will be evaluated. An off-topic essay will not be evaluated. The student responses provided in the following set illustrate common score combinations earned on the redesigned SAT.


Dmitry Kaminskiy is a new generation entrepreneur and well-known visionary originally from Eastern Europe. He has been concentrating on developing his business in East Asia as a priority in recent years. Dmitry built his wealth on IT-solutions, analytics and predictions for private banking, financial engineering and rapidly growing industries. He is known for his experience in information technology, advanced computer science and development of advanced Big Data industrial expert analytical systems.
He has a wide network spanning the scientific and business communities across the globe.Inspired by breakthrough antiaging research Dmitry decided to apply his high-level computer developing infrastructure to analyze complex unstructured Big Data in biomedicine and longevity in particular to find a real breakthrough therapies to treat age-related diseases and prolong active and productive longevity.Becoming a trustee of the Biogerontology Research Foundation (BGRF) in London, founded in 2007, was the logical next step of his mission. BGRF supports research on aging, addressing the challenges of a rapidly aging population. Their research was aimed to reduce the impact of age-related diseases on future generations.
Dr de Magalhaes, a trustee of the Biogerontology Research Foundation, graduated in Microbiology in 1999 from the Escola Superior de Biotecnologia in his hometown of Porto, Portugal, and then obtained his PhD in 2004 from the University of Namur in Belgium, where he worked in the Ageing and Stress Group led by Dr Olivier Toussaint. Following a postdoc with genomics pioneer Prof George Church at Harvard Medical School in Boston, USA, in 2008 Dr de Magalhaes was recruited to the University of Liverpool in the UK to develop his own group on genomic approaches to ageing. Now a senior lecturer, Dr de Magalhaes leads the Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group (http://pcwww.liv.ac.uk/~aging/) which focuses on understanding the genetic, cellular, and molecular mechanisms of ageing.
The group's research integrates different strategies, but its focal point is developing and applying experimental and computational methods that help bridge the gap between genotype and phenotype, a major challenge of the post-genome era, and help decipher the human genome and how it regulates complex processes like ageing. Notably, his group is a world-leader in employing genomics and bioinformatics to study ageing with pioneering work in studying gene networks of ageing and in sequencing and analyzing genomes from long-lived species. Dr de Magalhaes has given over 100 invited talks, including a TEDx talk, and his research has been widely featured in the popular press (BBC, CNN, the Washington Post, the Financial Times and many others).
Alex Zhavoronkov PhD, is the director and a trustee of the Biogerontology Research Foundation. He heads the laboratory of regenerative medicine at the Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology where his research interests include Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome, new methods of cellular reprogramming, molecular mechanisms of skin and cartilage regeneration and personalized medicine in oncology. He is also the international adjunct professor at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.
He is the CEO and co-founder of InSilico Medicine, Inc., a Baltimore-based company utilizing Big Data analysis for aging research and drug discovery.Dr Zhavoronkov is the author of multiple peer-reviewed scientific as well as popular papers and books on the many aspects of biogerontology, aging research and aging economics including "The Ageless Generation: how biomedical advances will transform the global economy" published by Palgrave Macmillan. He holds two bachelor degrees from Queen's University, a masters in biotechnology from Johns Hopkins Universtity and a PhD in physics and mathematics from the Moscow State University.


text:
Q: HTML form show/hide options using JavaScript I am attempting to use JavaScript to show/hide specific advanced fields in a HTML form. I am using the example from Hide/show advanced option using JavaScript which looks to be working well and I am able to hide the input marked with the correct div ID. However each of my inputs use their own div (and I would like to keep it this way if possible) which causes the JS to play up.
HTML:

      Template Frequency (seconds)
      <input type="text" placeholder="Template Frequency" id="text-c578" name="number-1" class="u-border-1 u-border-custom-color-1 u-custom-font u-heading-font u-input u-input-rectangle u-radius-50 u-white u-input-5">

      Source IP Address
      <input type="text" placeholder="Source IP Address" id="text-16e6" name="text" class="u-border-1 u-border-custom-color-1 u-custom-font u-heading-font u-input u-input-rectangle u-radius-50 u-white u-input-6">

      Destination IP Address
      <input type="text" placeholder="Destination IP Address" id="text-c9f3" name="text-2" class="u-border-1 u-border-custom-color-1 u-custom-font u-heading-font u-input u-input-rectangle u-radius-50 u-white u-input-7">

      <input type="submit" value="submit" class="u-form-control-hidden">
      Submit

  </form>

+

JavaScript:

Currently I am able to hide the input with div id='advancedOptions' however I would like to also apply this to div id='test'. I tried modifying the JavaScript to the below but this didn't work (it hides id='test' and doesn't look to apply to div id='advancedOptions':

Is there a way I can modify this JavaScript to apply to multiple div ID's as I am planning on adding more form inputs in the future?
I am a novice with Java so any help would be great, thanks!

A: You pass a wrong param in this line
$('#advancedOptions' && '#test').hide()

So '#advancedOptions' && '#test' returns '#test'
(See more abot logical AND operator here)
You can write this function in 2 lines
$('#advancedOptions' && '#test').hide()

So the line above turns into
$('#advancedOptions').hide()
$('#test').hide()

A: To have a more reusable / generic approach, I suggest adding a data-attribute and use that as main selector. Else you have to change the id on different pages / cases all the time.

$(document).ready(function(){
    //REM: Instead of an id, hide every element having the attribute data-hide
    //$('#advancedOptions').hide();
    $('div[data-hide]').hide();

    //REM: Change textContent to "+";
    this.textContent = '+';

    $('.u-btn-2').click(function() {
        //REM: Same here, instead of id, check for the attribute
        //if($('#advancedOptions').is(':hidden')){
        //  $('#advancedOptions').slideDown();
        //}
        //else{
        //  $('#advancedOptions').slideUp();
        //}

        if($('div[data-hide]').is(':hidden')){
            $('div[data-hide]').slideDown();
            this.textContent = '-'
        }
        else{
            $('div[data-hide]').slideUp();
            this.textContent = '+'
        }
    })
});
a{text-decoration: none}

        Template Frequency (seconds)
        <input type="text" placeholder="Template Frequency" id="text-c578">

        Source IP Address
        <input type="text" placeholder="Source IP Address" id="text-16e6">

        Destination IP Address
        <input type="text" placeholder="Destination IP Address" id="text-c9f3">

        <input type="submit" value="submit">
        Submit

+

If you want to add more elements to the functionality, just add a data-hide attribute on that and it gets considered automatically. Or remove the attribute on the element to exclude it.
I chopped away the classes and names since they serve no purpose in my example and I lack the css behind it.

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Ultra-thin Superlattices for Nanophotonics Formed from Gold Nanoparticles
By Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf | May 22, 2019
Ultra-thin layer of spherical hydrogel cores with gold particles transferred to a glass substrate. Image: HHU/Christoph Kawan
Researchers, led by Professor Dr. Matthias Karg at the Institute of Physical Chemistry at Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, report a simple technique for developing highly ordered particle layers. The group worked with tiny, deformable spherical polymer beads with a hydrogel-like structure.
Hydrogels are water-swollen, three-dimensional networks. Such structures are used as super-absorbers in such products as babies' diapers due to their ability to soak up large quantities of liquids.
Within these hydrogel beads are tiny gold or silver particles just a few nanometers in size, which Karg's team synthesizes at HHU using metal salts in a reduction process.
"We can adjust the size of the gold particles very precisely because the hydrogel shells are permeable to dissolved metal salts, allowing for successive overgrowth of the gold cores."
The structure of these core-shell particles can be roughly compared to that of a cherry, in which a hard core is surrounded by soft pulp.
The Duesseldorf-based researchers used a dilute solution of these hydrogel beads to produce thin monolayers. They applied the beads to a water surface, where a shimmering, highly ordered layer self-assembled. The researchers transferred this layer from the water surface onto glass substrates; this transfer makes the glass substrate shimmer.
Looking at such a layer with an electron microscope reveals a regular, hexagonally ordered particle array.
"These are the gold particles in their shells," explains doctoral student Kirsten Volk, "and we see that they are arranged in a single, highly ordered layer."
The gold particles determine the color of the layer by reflecting visible light with certain wavelengths, which interferes and thus creates the impression of a changing color when viewed from different angles.
"These thin layers are very interesting for optoelectronics—i.e., the transfer and processing of data using light. It may also be possible to use them to build miniaturised lasers," says Karg.
These nanolasers are only nanometers in size, thus constituting a key technology in the field of nanophotonics.
In their study published in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, the Duesseldorf-based researchers have overcome a major obstacle on the path to such nanolasers. They created collective resonances in the gold particles by incident light. This means that the gold particles are not excited individually; instead, all excited particles are in resonance. This collective resonance is the basic prerequisite for building lasers. The particle layers are also very thin.
For optoelectronic applications and nanolasers, the resonant modes will have to be amplified further in the thin layers.
Karg says, "Next, we will try to amplify the resonance further by means of doping with emitters. In the long term, this could also allow us to realize electrically powered nanolasers."
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
**THIS LIBRARY  IS DEPRECATED**

Please consider using [defuse/php-encryption](https://github.com/defuse/php-encryption)

## License

MIT licensed, see [LICENSE](./LICENSE) file.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
/*
Package timestamps is a simple library that creates timestamps and datetimes in a specific format.

Its use is two fold:
1) Simplify code since a one liner can now be used instead of the code blocks below (very minimal difference, I know).
2) Reduce formatting mistakes since calls to these func will always return a datetime or timestamp with the same format.
*/
package timestamps

import "time"

//Unix returns the number of seconds as an integer since epoch
func Unix() int64 {
	t := time.Now()
	s := t.Unix()
	return s
}

//ISO8601 returns a datetime with the format YY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.mmmZ
func ISO8601() string {
	t := time.Now().UTC()
	s := t.Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05.000Z")
	return s
}


text:
Entertainment Magazine
Stupid White People
Posted on the 02 December 2020 by Sjhoneywell
Film: Sinister
Format: DVD from Sycamore Public Library on the new portable.
There are plenty of subgenres of horror movie that I am lukewarm at best on. I don't love found footage, for instance, and I'm always a little suspect of anthology films. By far my least favorite subgenre of horror movie is what I'm going to call "stupid white people." This is a varied genre that contains entries from all over the horror spectrum but has in common really stupid white people who act like idiots until they die. The family in The Amityville Horror, for instance, decides to stay even though the walls are bleeding. The couple in Paranormal Activity are happy to hang out and even taunt the demon until the movie ends. And now we get to add Sinister to that genre. (And for the record, Poltergeist doesn't qualify—Carol Ann gets sucked into the TV early on, and they stay because they don't want to abandon their daughter.)
Our stupid white people for Sinister will be the Oswalt family, headed by Ellison Oswalt (Ethan Hawke), renowned true crime author. As the film opens, after we witness a very disturbing video of a mass murder, we see the Oswalt family moving into a new house. Ellison is confronted by the local sheriff (Fred Thompson), and it's soon apparent that he's not a favorite of the police. It turns out that the book that made him famous was not charitable to the police in the murder case, and so many a local officer around the country is not a fan of the work of Ellison Oswalt.
It's soon evident that Ellison is investigating the murder that we saw in the opening—a family of four all hanged at once from a tree in the back yard. We also learn that Ellison has moved the family—wife Tracy (Juliet Rylance), son Trevor (Michael Hall D'Addario), and daughter Ashley (Clare Foley)—not down the street from the murder, but literally into the same house.
Things get weird right away. Trevor, who has experienced night terrors in the past, starts experiencing them again in spades. Exploring the house, Ellison discovers a bunch of old 8mm films in the attic. It turns out that these are films of the family that lived in the house previously, and includes a film of the actual murder. We also learn that the entire family was not killed—there was a young daughter who vanished and was not hanged with the rest of the family.
You can see where this is going right? Well, maybe not yet. Ellison spends his time researching the murders, getting some help from a local deputy (James Ransone). Why? Because in the box of old films, Ellison finds other home movies of other families that have also been killed in mass events. People are tied to pool furniture and dragged into a swimming pool, burned alive in a car, have their throats slit, and in one rather inventive murder sequence, thrown out on the lawn and run over with the mower.
And, of course, while Ellison investigates what might be happening, they stay in the house. They stay even though there are clearly paranormal events happening. They stay even when there is no good explanation for why this house would have the films of mass family murders that occurred decades previous in different states. They stay. And, over the course of the investigate, Ellison learns something important. All of the murders have a series of connections. In all of them, the entire family is killed with the exception of one person. That one exception is a child, who disappears from the crime scene. And, the big one is this: all of the families are linked by houses. The second murder scene is of a family that lived in the house of the first victims and then moved. The third victims lived in the second victims' house and then moved. And, of course, Ellison has moved his family into the house of the latest victims, knowing that in each case, the family was killed right after they moved from the murder house to a new one. So naturally, he moves his family then. Not when his daughter is drawing pictures of the missing girl on the wall. Not when his son is sleepwalking and having night terrors outside. Not when it threatens his marriage. Then.
There are a few things that Sinister does well. One is an uncredited appearance in a couple of scenes by Vincent D'Onofrio as a professor at a nearby college. Professor Jonas tells Ellison all about the strange symbols he sees in the videos. These are the symbol of an ancient deity named Bughuul (Nick King), who, according to legend, would kill entire families except for one child, who he would capture and then consume the soul of over time. The connection to what is happening here is applied with a mallet for the benefit of the audience, but of course Ellison is a stupid white person, and doesn't see how that might affect him and his family, which includes two kids.
Beyond that, Bughuul is pretty cool. It's a good look for a monster.
Ultimately, though, Sinister is the horror movie equivalent of someone being told that every time a particular box is opened, the person who opens the box is shot in the face, and having the protagonist think, "I wonder what's in that box. I think I'll open it!" without having the consciousness or self-awareness to realize that they, too qualify as a "someone" in this instance.
I hate stupid white people horror movies. I figure they all deserve to be dead.
Why to watch Sinister: Cool monster.
Why not to watch: These people are dumb enough to deserve being killed.
Sjhoneywell 88 shares View profile
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I know Ground is super effective, but Surf is super effective on Ground. If I always move first, have I got a good chance of winning?
Heliolisk is still weak to Fighting attacks.
I had focus blast used on it and it was neutral??
In theory yes, you will have the ground typing covered. However Helioisk is a glass cannon. A glass cannon is a Pokemon such as Gengar with embarrassing defenses and an ATK/SATK capable of destroying worlds. Thing is that Helioisk is not actually that much of a hard hitter. 109 base special attack is nothing to marvel at therefore nothing more than a frail Pokemon with decent special attack and speed. Because Surf lacks stab, coming off a 109 base SATK it won't be doing as much as you would hope even to ground Pokemon. 252 SpA Life Orb Heliolisk Surf vs. 0 HP / 0 SpD Nidoqueen: 260-307 (80.9 - 95.6%)- Thats pretty much max spatk with life orb against an non invested ground type.
Surf is generally good coverage anyway for Helioisk however I wouldn't take your chances with it OHKOing Pokemon that have not already been weakened.


The Grand Lodge Officers performed the Cornerstone ceremony for a School addition at Weeping Water on September 13, 2015.
On September 12, 2015, the Grand Lodge of Nebraska and the Scottish Rite of Nebraska held a Lodge Leadership Conference at the Omaha Scottish Rite.The featured guest speaker was W.B. Matt Nelson, author of "Lodge Leadership: a 5 Step Guide to Masonic Reform." W.B. Nelson hails from the Grand Lodge of Utah.
The Grand Lodge Officers performed the Cornerstone ceremony for the Bridgeport Public Schools on September 9, 2015.
On September 5, 2015, the Nebraska Masonic Foundation held the Open House for the Museum & Research Library located at the Grand Lodge Office, 301 N. Cotner Boulevard in Lincoln. Commemorating 25 years of joint recognition between the two grand lodges, the opening featured an exhibit of the history of the Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Nebraska.
27 Aug MW Tom Hauder, PGM is explaining to RW Rick Myers, GSW where to find and how to research an on-line version of the Grand Lodge of Nebraska Constitution and By-Laws. The Advancing line met with MWB Tom for a discussion and instruction of the portions of the Constitution and By-Laws that need to be fully understood for Grand Lodge Officers to effectively dispatch the duties of their offices.
Sep 2, 2015 Members of G. W. Lininger Lodge # 268 pictured with the MWB John Maxell, Grand Master. One of the largest turn outs in years, 42 members and visitors, and no one knew the Grand Master was going to visit! So many attending the Lodge had to borrow aprons – a very nice problem to have.
MWB John Maxell presented the Artificer award to Ryan Brulinski, an officer of Bellevue Lodge # 325 during their Membership Dinner on Wednesday September 2, 2015. Pictured from left to right are RW Dennis Rix, DGM, Ryan Brulinski, Kyle Beckner, last year's awardee, and MW John Maxell, GM. The Artificer Award is presented to the new Mason that meets stringent attendance and participation requirements within the first fourteen months of being raised a Master Mason. A well deserved congratulations!