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Results for 'cognitive development'
Gricean Communication and Cognitive Development.Richard Moore - 2017 - Philosophical Quarterly 67 (267):pqw049.details
On standard readings of Grice, Gricean communication requires (a) possession of a concept of belief, (b) the ability to make complex inferences about others' goal-directed behaviour, and (c) the ability to entertain fourth order meta-representations. To the extent that these abilities are pre-requisites of Gricean communication they are inconsistent with the view that Gricean communication could play a role in their development. In this paper, I argue that a class of 'minimally Gricean acts' satisfy the intentional structure described by (...) Grice, but require none of abilities (a)-(c). As a result, Gricean communicative abilities may indeed contribute to the development of (a)-(c) – in particular, by enabling language development. This conclusion has important implications for our theorising about cognitive development. (shrink)
Three Approaches to Human Cognitive Development: Neo-nativism, Neuroconstructivism, and Dynamic Enskillment.Mirko Farina - 2016 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 67 (2):617-641.details
In Section 1, I introduce three views that explain human cognitive development from different standpoints: Marcus's neo-nativism, standard neuroconstructivism, and neo-neuroconstructivism. In Section 2, I assess Marcus's attempt to reconcile nativism with developmental flexibility. In Section 3, I argue that in structurally reconfiguring nativism, Marcus ends up transforming it into an unrecognizable form, and I claim that his view could be accommodated within the more general framework provided by standard neuroconstructivism. In Section 4, I focus on recent empirical (...) findings in neuropsychology and cultural/social neuroscience, and propose a friendly revision to standard neuroconstructivism, thus developing the neo-neuroconstructivist view. I conclude the article in Section 5 by analysing the implications of the results discussed in Section 4 for both neo-nativism and standard neuroconstructivism. 1 Introduction2 Marcus's Neo-nativism3 Is Marcus's Neo-nativism Really a Form of Nativism?4 Neo-neuroconstructivism and Dynamic Enskillment5 Conclusion. (shrink)
Ideality and Cognitive Development: Further Comments on Azeri's "The Match of Ideals".Chris Drain - 2020 - Social Epistemology Review and Reply Collective 9 (11):15-27.details
Siyaves Azeri (2020) quite well shows that arithmetical thinking emerges on the basis of specific social practices and material engagement (clay tokens for economic exchange practices beget number concepts, e.g.). But his discussion here is relegated mostly to Neolithic and Bronze Age practices. While surely such practices produced revolutions in the cognitive abilities of many humans, much of the cognitive architecture that allows normative conceptual thought was already in place long before this time. This response, then, is an (...) attempt to sketch the deep prehistory of human cognition in order to show the inter-social bases of normative thought in general. To do this, I will look first to the work of Vygotsky and Leontiev, two often neglected psychologists whose combined efforts culminate in a developmental account of human cognitive origins. Then, I will review some key insights from the contemporary comparative psychologist Michael Tomasello—whose project is admittedly a Vygotskian one—in order to further shed light on the social-practical basis of abstract thought, of which mathematical cognition is surely a part. (shrink)
Time in cognitive development.Christoph Hoerl & Teresa McCormack - 2011 - In Craig Callender (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Time. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 439-459.details
This is a comprehensive book on the philosophy of time. Leading philosophers discuss the metaphysics of time, our experience and representation of time, the role of time in ethics and action, and philosophical issues in the sciences of time, especially quantum mechanics and relativity theory.
Philosophy in Education and Cognitive Development (Filosofia na Educação e o Desenvolvimento Cognitivo).L. Felipe Garcia Lucas - 2020 - Dissertation, Uninterdetails
First, it's very important to rule out that the entire text below, especially topic 4, shows an evolutionary process of man, in topic number 1, we present thinkers Jean Piaget and Erik Erikson, both psychoanalysts, and focused on cognitive development, but with works that show a development of different angles, complementing each other, in the first we can see the influence of the external formation of the child according to the internal formation, whereas the second presents us (...) the inverse, the internal adapting to the external, we can see both as one, complementing each other. After this we enter further into the philosophical field, briefly presenting some historical and philosophical periods, focusing on the man of each epoch, then finally we had the meeting of philosophy in education, at this point we talk about the ideal formation of man, according to types of teachings, and how important or destructive they are to man, and education must know how to balance them to shape contemporary virtuous man. At the end, in topic 5, we polished the virtuous man from the thought of Friedrich Nietsche, showing his conception of herd man and superman quickly, and introducing them into the discussion of educational extremes. (shrink)
电影感知研究的历史发展及未来(Film Perceptive and Cognitive development: Past, Present, and Future).Lingfei Luan - 2018 - Journal of Beijing Film Academy 3:98-104.details
电影感知研究,是欧美近20年来兴起的跨学科实证研究。电影感知研究主要以心 理学的感知科学为基础,并且结合电影学、传播学、计算机科学、统计学等学科, 以实证的方法探讨电影的构建与观众解读机制之间的联系。文章通过对电影感知研 究历史的梳理和总结,探讨了传统电影研究中忽略的问题,讨论了电影感知研究的 学科性质和应用前景。 .
Developing Cognitive Abilities in Children.Domenic Marbaniang - 2013 - In J. B. Jeyaraj (ed.), Perspectives of Child Development. ISPCK.details
This article explores the various psychological theories of cognitive development in children.
Developing Attention and Decreasing Affective Bias: Towards a Cross-Cultural Cognitive Science of Mindfulness.Jake H. Davis & Evan Thompson - 2015 - In John D. Creswell Kirk W. Brown (ed.), Handbook of Mindfulness: Theory and Research,. Guilford Press.details
The Knowledge Level in Cognitive Architectures: Current Limitations and Possible Developments.Antonio Lieto, Christian Lebiere & Alessandro Oltramari - 2018 - Cognitive Systems Research:1-42.details
In this paper we identify and characterize an analysis of two problematic aspects affecting the representational level of cognitive architectures (CAs), namely: the limited size and the homogeneous typology of the encoded and processed knowledge. We argue that such aspects may constitute not only a technological problem that, in our opinion, should be addressed in order to build arti cial agents able to exhibit intelligent behaviours in general scenarios, but also an epistemological one, since they limit the plausibility of (...) the comparison of the CAs' knowledge representation and processing mechanisms with those executed by humans in their everyday activities. In the fi nal part of the paper further directions of research will be explored, trying to address current limitations and future challenges. (shrink)
The Cognitive Style as a Factor in the Development of Tourism and Hospitality Companies.Oleksandr Krupskyi - 2015 - Problems of Economy 2:140-146.details
The aim of the article is to identify the impact of cognitive style of management on the development of tourism and hospitality companies. The article discusses some approaches to the definition of "cognitive style", presents the author's understanding in the organizational context, namely, the cognitive style should be understood as the features of awareness, interpretation and dissemination of external and internal information by the staff in order to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the products manufactured. (...) The table "The attitude of employees of different cognitive styles to work according to the classification by Cool E., Holland J., Myers Briggs I." was developed, which allows determining the relationships between correspondence of the employee cognitive style to his duties and attitude to work. The trends of choosing tourist services by the consumer depending on his individual cognitive style have been analyzed. The necessity of taking into account the cognitive features both of the staff (in order to increase productivity, loyalty, improve health and self-esteem) and the consumer (to increase the level of his satisfaction of the services) has been proved. (shrink)
Interdisciplinary perspectives on the development, integration and application of cognitive ontologies.Janna Hastings, Gwen Alexandra Frishkoff, Barry Smith, Mark Jensen, Russell Poldrack, Jessica Turner, Jane Lomax, Anita Bandrowski, Fahim Imam, Jessica A. Turner & Maryann E. Martone - 2014 - Frontiers in Neuroinformatics 8 (62):1-7.details
We discuss recent progress in the development of cognitive ontologies and summarize three challenges in the coordinated development and application of these resources. Challenge 1 is to adopt a standardized definition for cognitive processes. We describe three possibilities and recommend one that is consistent with the standard view in cognitive and biomedical sciences. Challenge 2 is harmonization. Gaps and conflicts in representation must be resolved so that these resources can be combined for mark-up and interpretation (...) of multi-modal data. Finally, Challenge 3 is to test the utility of these resources for large-scale annotation of data, search and query, and knowledge discovery and integration. As term definitions are tested and revised, harmonization should enable coordinated updates across ontologies. However, the true test of these definitions will be in their community-wide adoption which will test whether they support valid inferences about psychological and neuroscientific data. (shrink)
Role of Cognitive Style of a Manager in the Development of Tourism Companies' Dynamic Capabilities.Oleksandr P. Krupskyi & Tatyana Grynko - 2018 - Tourism and Hospitality Management 1 (24):1-21.details
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between cognitive styles of managers working in tourism companies and dynamic capabilities of these companies. Design – The research relies on a quantitative questionnaire. Methodology – To answer the research question, the bivariate (Pearson) correlation was applied. A number of 268 answers from people working in tourism were received. Findings – We found a positive correlation between different dimensions of dynamic capabilities of tourism companies. These capabilities are (...) influenced by managers' cognitive characteristics. The organizational culture plays a mediating role in the latter relationship. Implications for theory – The paper offers an alternative understanding of dynamic capabilities in tourism and hospitality; the paper also opens new paths for academic research on the impact of cognitive characteristics of managers on the dynamic capabilities of tourism companies. Implications for practitioners – Making accurate psychological portrait of the candidate can predict his/her behavior in certain situation, such as response towards environmental change using dynamic capabilities and when making the necessary changes to the organizational culture. Originality – This study proposes model of influence of a manager's cognitive style on dynamic capabilities, whereby organizational culture moderates this relationship. (shrink)
Cultural variation in cognitive flexibility reveals diversity in the development of executive functions.Cristine Legare, Michael Dale, Sarah Kim & Gedeon Deak - 2018 - Nature Scientific Reports 8 (16326):1-14.details
Cognitive flexibility, the adaptation of representations and responses to new task demands, improves dramatically in early childhood. It is unclear, however, whether flexibility is a coherent, unitary cognitive trait, or is an emergent dimension of task-specific performance that varies across populations with divergent experiences. Three-to 5-year-old English-speaking U.S. children and Tswana-speaking South African children completed two distinct language-processing cognitive flexibility tests: the FIM-Animates, a word-learning test, and the 3DCCS, a rule-switching test. U.S. and South African children did (...) not differ in word-learning flexibility but showed similar age-related increases. In contrast, U.S. preschoolers showed an age-related increase in rule-switching flexibility but South African children did not. Verbal recall explained additional variance in both tests but did not modulate the interaction between population sample (i.e., country) and task. We hypothesize that rule-switching flexibility might be more dependent upon particular kinds of cultural experiences, whereas word-learning flexibility is less cross-culturally variable. (shrink)
The Logical Structure of the Cognitive Mechanisms Guiding Psychological Development.George Osborne - 1995 - Dissertation, University of Cambridgedetails
This Thesis presents a model of cognitive development inspired by Piaget's "Genetic Epistemology". It is observed that the epigenetic process described by Piaget posess mechanisms and behaviour that characterise complex adaptive systems. A model of bipedal motion based around the "Bucket Brigade" algorithm of Holland is presened to explore this relationship.
Isbell Conjugacy for Developing Cognitive Science.Venkata Rayudu Posina, Posina Venkata Rayudu & Sisir Roy - manuscriptdetails
What is cognition? Equivalently, what is cognition good for? Or, what is it that would not be but for human cognition? But for human cognition, there would not be science. Based on this kinship between individual cognition and collective science, here we put forward Isbell conjugacy---the adjointness between objective geometry and subjective algebra---as a scientific method for developing cognitive science. We begin with the correspondence between categorical perception and category theory. Next, we show how the Gestalt maxim is subsumed (...) by the mathematical construct of colimit, a generalization of summation. The universal mapping property definitions of mathematical constructs, by virtue of being the best with respect to the universe of discourse, can be learned using reinforcement learning algorithms, which raises the possibility of abstracting the architecture of mathematics by artificial intelligence. Subsequently, we present naturality (to be contrasted with miracles), understood as 'Becoming consistent with Being', which governs the transformations of both things and their theories, as the zeroth law of change. Furthermore, the contrast---physical [mechanism] vs. biological [organism]---is smoothed via natural transformation, wherein transformations are respectful of the cohesion of the objects transformed. In closing, upon recognizing the scientific value of learning difficult-to-master differential calculus by physicists, of learning a strange four-letter language by biologists, and of learning the grammar of our respective mother tongues, we make a case for learning the theory of naturality / category theory for developing cognitive science. (shrink)
Irreducible Cognitive Phenomenology and the AHA! Experience.John Joseph Dorsch - 2016 - Phenomenology and Mind 10:108-121.details
Elijah Chudnoff's case for irreducible cognitive phenomenology hinges on seeming to see the truth of a mathematical proposition (Chudnoff 2015). In the following, I develop an augmented version of Chudnoff's case, not based on seeming to see, or intuition, but based on being in a state with presentational phenomenology of high-level content. In contrast to other cases for cognitive phenomenology, those based on Strawson's case (Strawson 2011), I argue that the case presented here is able to withstand counterarguments, (...) which attempt to reduce cognitive phenomenology to sensory phenomenology. To support my argument, I present findings from Bowden and Jung-Beeman's experiments with the Aha! Experience (Bowden & Jung-Beeman 2004), and argue that the Aha! Experience is a species of the experience of understanding presented here. I interpret the results of these experiments to provide further evidence for irreducible cognitive phenomenology. (shrink)
Subjective Moral Biases & Fallacies: Developing Scientifically & Practically Adequate Moral Analogues of Cognitive Heuristics & Biases.Mark H. Herman - 2019 - Dissertation, Bowling Green State Universitydetails
In this dissertation, I construct scientifically and practically adequate moral analogs of cognitive heuristics and biases. Cognitive heuristics are reasoning "shortcuts" that are efficient but flawed. Such flaws yield systematic judgment errors—i.e., cognitive biases. For example, the availability heuristic infers an event's probability by seeing how easy it is to recall similar events. Since dramatic events, such as airplane crashes, are disproportionately easy to recall, this heuristic explains systematic overestimations of their probability (availability bias). The research program (...) on cognitive heuristics and biases (e.g., Daniel Kahneman's work) has been scientifically successful and has yielded useful error-prevention techniques—i.e., cognitive debiasing. I attempt to apply this framework to moral reasoning to yield moral heuristics and biases. For instance, a moral bias of unjustified differences in the treatment of particular animal species might be partially explained by a moral heuristic that dubiously infers animals' moral status from their aesthetic features. While the basis for identifying judgments as cognitive errors is often unassailable (e.g., per violating laws of logic), identifying moral errors seemingly requires appealing to moral truth, which, I argue, is problematic within science. Such appeals can be avoided by repackaging moral theories as mere "standards-of-interest" (a la non-normative metrics of purportedly right-making features/properties). However, standards-of-interest do not provide authority, which is needed for effective debiasing. Nevertheless, since each person deems their own subjective morality authoritative, subjective morality (qua standard-of-interest and not moral subjectivism) satisfies both scientific and practical concerns. As such, (idealized) subjective morality grounds a moral analog of cognitive biases—namely, subjective moral biases (e.g., committed anti-racists unconsciously discriminating). I also argue that "cognitive heuristic" is defined by its contrast with rationality. Consequently, heuristics explain biases, which are also so defined. However, such contrasting with rationality is causally irrelevant to cognition. This frustrates the presumed usefulness of the kind, heuristic, in causal explanation. As such, in the moral case, I jettison the role of causal explanation and tailor categories solely for contrastive explanation. As such, "moral heuristic" is replaced with "subjective moral fallacy," which is defined by its contrast with subjective morality and explains subjective moral biases. The resultant subjective moral biases and fallacies framework can undergird future empirical research. (shrink)
If you're smart, we'll make you smarter: Applying the reasoning behind the development of honours programmes to other forms of cognitive enhancement.Bas Olthof, Anco Peeters, Kimberly Schelle & Pim Haselager - 2013 - In Federica Lucivero & Anton Vedder (eds.), Beyond Therapy v. Enhancement? Multidisciplinary analyses of a heated debate. Pisa University Press. pp. 117-142.details
Students using Ritalin in preparation for their exams is a hotly debated issue, while meditating or drinking coffee before those same exams is deemed uncontroversial. However, taking Ritalin, meditating and drinking coffee or even education in general, can all be considered forms of cognitive enhancement. Although social acceptance might change in the future, it is interesting to examine the current reasons that are used to distinguish cases deemed problematic or unproblematic. Why are some forms of cognitive enhancement considered (...) problematic, while others are not? In this paper, we consider cognitive enhancement as the amplification or extension of core capacities of the mind, using augmentation or improvements of our information-processing systems. We will analyse cognitive enhancement in an educational setting in order to clarify the fuzzy distinction between problematic and unproblematic forms of cognitive enhancement. We will show that the apparent distinction made by many people between problematic and unproblematic enhancement is not based on any fundamental difference between these two categories. (shrink)
Cognitive Ecology as a Framework for Shakespearean Studies.John Sutton & Evelyn Tribble - 2011 - Shakespeare Studies 39:94-103.details
''COGNITIVE ECOLOGY'' is a fruitful model for Shakespearian studies, early modern literary and cultural history, and theatrical history more widely. Cognitive ecologies are the multidimensional contexts in which we remember, feel, think, sense, communicate, imagine, and act, often collaboratively, on the fly, and in rich ongoing interaction with our environments. Along with the anthropologist Edwin Hutchins,1 we use the term ''cognitive ecology'' to integrate a number of recent approaches to cultural cognition: we believe these approaches offer productive (...) lines of engagement with early modern literary and historical studies.2 The framework arises out of our work in extended mind and distributed cognition.3 The extended mind hypothesis arose from a post-connectionist philosophy of cognitive science. This approach was articulated in Andy Clark's Being There: Putting Brain, Body, and World Together Again, and further developed by Susan Hurley and Mark Rowlands, among others.4 The distributed cognition approach arose independently, from work in cognitive anthropology, HCI (Human-Computer Interaction), the sociology of education and work, and science studies. The principles of distributed cognition were articulated in Hutchins's ethnography of navigation, Cogni- tion in the Wild,5 and developed by theorists such as David Kirsh and Lucy Suchman.6 These models share an anti-individualist approach to cognition. In all these views, mental activities spread or smear across the boundaries of skull and skin to include parts of the social and material world. In remembering, decision making, and acting, whether individually or in small groups, our complex and structured activities involve many distinctive dimensions: neural, affective, kines-. (shrink)
Dynamic Cognition Applied to Value Learning in Artificial Intelligence.Nythamar De Oliveira & Nicholas Corrêa - 2021 - Aoristo - International Journal of Phenomenology, Hermeneutics and Metaphysics 4 (2):185-199.details
Experts in Artificial Intelligence (AI) development predict that advances in the dvelopment of intelligent systems and agents will reshape vital areas in our society. Nevertheless, if such an advance isn't done with prudence, it can result in negative outcomes for humanity. For this reason, several researchers in the area are trying to develop a robust, beneficial, and safe concept of artificial intelligence. Currently, several of the open problems in the field of AI research arise from the difficulty of avoiding (...) unwanted behaviors of intelligent agents, and at the same time specifying what we want such systems to do. It is of utmost importance that artificial intelligent agents have their values aligned with human values, given the fact that we cannot expect an AI to develop our moral preferences simply because of its intelligence, as discussed in the Orthogonality Thesis. Perhaps this difficulty comes from the way we are addressing the problem of expressing objectives, values, and ends, using representational cognitive methods. A solution to this problem would be the dynamic cognitive approach proposed by Dreyfus, whose phenomenological philosophy defends that the human experience of being-in-the-world cannot be represented by the symbolic or connectionist cognitive methods. A possible approach to this problem would be to use theoretical models such as SED (situated embodied dynamics) to address the values learning problem in AI. (shrink)
Analogical Cognition: Applications in Epistemology and the Philosophy of Mind and Language.Theodore Bach - 2012 - Philosophy Compass 7 (5):348-360.details
Analogical cognition refers to the ability to detect, process, and learn from relational similarities. The study of analogical and similarity cognition is widely considered one of the 'success stories' of cognitive science, exhibiting convergence across many disciplines on foundational questions. Given the centrality of analogy to mind and knowledge, it would benefit philosophers investigating topics in epistemology and the philosophies of mind and language to become familiar with empirical models of analogical cognition. The goal of this essay is to (...) describe recent empirical work on analogical cognition as well as model applications to philosophical topics. Topics to be discussed include the epistemological distinction between implicit knowledge and explicit knowledge, the debate between empiricists and nativists, the frame problem, expertise, creativity and autism, cognitive architecture, and relational knowledge. Particular attention is given to Dedre Gentner and colleague's structure-mapping theory – the most developed and widely accepted model of analogical cognition. (shrink)
Distributed Cognition and Memory Research: History and Current Directions.Kourken Michaelian & John Sutton - 2013 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 4 (1):1-24.details
According to the hypotheses of distributed and extended cognition, remembering does not always occur entirely inside the brain but is often distributed across heterogeneous systems combining neural, bodily, social, and technological resources. These ideas have been intensely debated in philosophy, but the philosophical debate has often remained at some distance from relevant empirical research, while empirical memory research, in particular, has been somewhat slow to incorporate distributed/extended ideas. This situation, however, appears to be changing, as we witness an increasing level (...) of interaction between the philosophy and the empirical research. In this editorial, we provide a high-level historical overview of the development of the debates around the hypotheses of distributed and extended cognition, as well as relevant theory and empirical research on memory, considering both the role of memory in theoretical debates around distributed/extended ideas and strands of memory research that resonate with those ideas; we emphasize recent trends towards increased interaction, including new empirical paradigms for investigating distributed memory systems. We then provide an overview of the special issue itself, drawing out a number of general implications from the contributions, and conclude by sketching promising directions for future research on distributed memory. (shrink)
The Cognitive Perspective - Introduction to Psychology: Theory and Practice (Cognitive Psychology and Cognitive Developmental Notes).Michelle B. Cowley-Cunningham - 2017 - Human Cognition in Evolution and Development eJournal 9 (22).details
This notebook presents an introductory overview to the cognitive perspective on the psychology of human behaviour for social science students. Starting with an introduction to cognitive developmental theories of how babies reason, the overview then moves to discuss how children develop into better thinkers. Adult theories of cognition are subsequently outlined and critically evaluated. -/- A chronology of topics include: the rise of 'this thing we call cognition', Piaget's theory of cognitive development and its evaluation, problem (...) space theory, and theories of mental representation in adult thought examining, amongst other types of thinking and reasoning, deduction and induction and an evaluation of mental representation theories. (shrink)
The development of territory-based inferences of ownership.Brandon W. Goulding & Ori Friedman - 2018 - Cognition 177 (C):142-149.details
Legal systems often rule that people own objects in their territory. We propose that an early-developing ability to make territory-based inferences of ownership helps children address informational demands presented by ownership. Across 6 experiments (N = 504), we show that these inferences develop between ages 3 and 5 and stem from two aspects of the psychology of ownership. First, we find that a basic ability to infer that people own objects in their territory is already present at age 3 (Experiment (...) 1). Children even make these inferences when the territory owner unintentionally acquired the objects and was unaware of them (Experiments 2 and 3). Second, we find that between ages 3 and 5, children come to consider past events in these judgments. They move from solely considering the current location of an object in territory-based inferences, to also considering and possibly inferring where it originated (Experiments 4 to 6). Together, these findings suggest that territory-based inferences of ownership are unlikely to be constructions of the law. Instead, they may reflect basic intuitions about ownership that operate from early in development. (shrink)
Book: Cognitive Design for Artificial Minds.Antonio Lieto - 2021 - London, UK: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Ltd.details
Book Description (Blurb): Cognitive Design for Artificial Minds explains the crucial role that human cognition research plays in the design and realization of artificial intelligence systems, illustrating the steps necessary for the design of artificial models of cognition. It bridges the gap between the theoretical, experimental and technological issues addressed in the context of AI of cognitive inspiration and computational cognitive science. -/- Beginning with an overview of the historical, methodological and technical issues in the field of (...) Cognitively-Inspired Artificial Intelligence, Lieto illustrates how the cognitive design approach has an important role to play in the development of intelligent AI technologies and plausible computational models of cognition. Introducing a unique perspective that draws upon Cybernetics and early AI principles, Lieto emphasizes the need for an equivalence between cognitive processes and implemented AI procedures, in order to realise biologically and cognitively inspired artificial minds. He also introduces the Minimal Cognitive Grid, a pragmatic method to rank the different degrees of biologically and cognitive accuracy of artificial systems in order project and predict their explanatory power with respect to the natural systems taken as source of inspiration. -/- Providing a comprehensive overview of cognitive design principles in constructing artificial minds, this text will be essential reading for students and researchers of artificial intelligence and cognitive science. (shrink)
When No Laughing Matter Is No Laughing Matter: The Challenges in Developing a Cognitive Theory of Humor.Eric Hochstein - 2021 - The Philosophy of Humor Yearbook 2 (1):87-110.details
This paper explores the current obstacles that a cognitive theory of humor faces. More specifically, I argue that the nebulous and ill-defined nature of humor makes it difficult to tell what counts as clear instances of, and deficits in, the phenomenon.Without getting clear on this, we cannot identify the underlying cognitive mechanisms responsible for humor. Moreover, being too quick to draw generalizations regarding the ubiquity of humor, or its uniqueness to humans, without substantially clarifying the phenomenon and its (...) occurrences is not only unwise but can actually be a detriment to our study of humor. As such, these sorts of claims must be resisted. I conclude the paper by pointing the way forward to addressing these obstacles. -/- . (shrink)
Cognitive extension, enhancement, and the phenomenology of thinking.Philip J. Walsh - 2017 - Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 16 (1):33-51.details
This paper brings together several strands of thought from both the analytic and phenomenological traditions in order to critically examine accounts of cognitive enhancement that rely on the idea of cognitive extension. First, I explain the idea of cognitive extension, the metaphysics of mind on which it depends, and how it has figured in recent discussions of cognitive enhancement. Then, I develop ideas from Husserl that emphasize the agential character of thought and the distinctive way that (...) conscious thoughts are related to one another. I argue that these considerations are necessary for understanding why forms of cognitive extension may diminish our cognitive lives in different ways. This does not lead to a categorical rejection of cognitive enhancement as unethical or bad for human flourishing, but does warrant a conservative approach to the design and implementation of cognitive artifacts. (shrink)
Cognitive Penetration, Imagining, and the Downgrade Thesis.Lu Teng - 2016 - Philosophical Topics 44 (2):405-426.details
We tend to think that perceptual experiences tell us about what the external world is like without being influenced by our own mind. But recent psychological and philosophical research indicates that this might not be true. Our beliefs, expectations, knowledge, and other personal-level mental states might influence what we experience. This kind of psychological phenomena is now called "cognitive penetration." The research of cognitive penetration not only has important consequences for psychology and the philosophy of mind, but also (...) has interesting epistemological implications. According to the Downgrade Thesis, some cognitively penetrated perceptual experiences give their subjects less justification for believing their penetrated contents than perceptual experiences that are unpenetrated to represent those contents would usually give. In this paper, I propose an innovative argument for the Downgrade Thesis. First, I develop a positive account of how some cognitive penetration works, according to which cognitive states influence perceptual experiences by triggering some imaginings. Second, I argue that imaginings do not give their subjects justification for believing their contents. I apply this epistemology of imagining to cognitive penetration, and argue that because of the role that imaginings play, some cognitively penetrated experiences also give their subjects less justification for believing their penetrated contents. (shrink)
Facilitating pre-service teachers to develop Regulation of Cognition with Learning Management System.Mary Gutman & Maria Gutman - 2017 - Educational Media International 54 (3):199-214.details
The object of the present study is to propose a technologically-based method for developing Regulation of Cognition (RC) among pre-service teachers in a pedagogical problem context. The research intervention was carried out by two groups during a Teaching Training Workshop, based on the IMPROVE instructional method, which was implemented in the Learning Management System (LMS). The first group (N=53) investigated the pedagogical problems with "dual perspectives (teacher and learner), and the other group (N=47) analyzed the same problems from a teacher (...) perspective only. The triangulated research design provided three sets of data of RC (e.g. statements on Metacognitive Awareness Inventory, Educational Data Mining, and observations on actual teaching). The results were indicative of the advantage that was obtained by the dual perspective group (LMS+2P), which has manifested in most components of RC, as compared with the single based intervention (LMS+1P). (shrink)
Does Cognition Still Matter in Ethnobiology?David Ludwig - 2018 - Ethnobiology Letters 9 (2):269-275.details
Ethnobiology has become increasingly concerned with applied and normative questions about biocultural diversity and the livelihoods of local communities. While this development has created new opportunities for connecting ethnobiological research with ecological and social sciences, it also raises questions about the role of cognitive perspectives in current ethnobiology. In fact, there are clear signs of institutional separation as research on folkbiological cognition has increasingly found its home in the cognitive science community, weakening its ties to institutionalized ethnobiology. (...) Rather than accepting this separation as inevitable disciplinary specialization, this short perspective article argues for a systemic perspective that addresses mutual influences and causal entanglement of cognitive and non-cognitive factors in socio-ecological dynamics. Such an integrative perspective requires a new conversation about cognition in ethnobiology beyond traditional polarization around issues of cognitive universals and cultural relativity. (shrink)
Development and validation of a multi-dimensional measure of intellectual humility.Mark Alfano, Kathryn Iurino, Paul Stey, Brian Robinson, Markus Christen, Feng Yu & Daniel Lapsley - 2017 - PLoS ONE 12 (8):e0182950.details
This paper presents five studies on the development and validation of a scale of intellectual humility. This scale captures cognitive, affective, behavioral, and motivational components of the construct that have been identified by various philosophers in their conceptual analyses of intellectual humility. We find that intellectual humility has four core dimensions: Open-mindedness (versus Arrogance), Intellectual Modesty (versus Vanity), Corrigibility (versus Fragility), and Engagement (versus Boredom). These dimensions display adequate self-informant agreement, and adequate convergent, divergent, and discriminant validity. In (...) particular, Open-mindedness adds predictive power beyond the Big Six for an objective behavioral measure of intellectual humility, and Intellectual Modesty is uniquely related to Narcissism. We find that a similar factor structure emerges in Germanophone participants, giving initial evidence for the model's cross-cultural generalizability. (shrink)
Cognitive Penetration and the Reach of Phenomenal Content.Robert Briscoe - 2015 - In Athanassios Raftopoulos & John Zeimbekis (eds.), Cognitive Penetrability. Oxford University Press.details
This chapter critically assesses recent arguments that acquiring the ability to categorize an object as belonging to a certain high-level kind can cause the relevant kind property to be represented in visual phenomenal content. The first two arguments, developed respectively by Susanna Siegel (2010) and Tim Bayne (2009), employ an essentially phenomenological methodology. The third argument, developed by William Fish (2013), by contrast, is supported by an array of psychophysical and neuroscientific findings. I argue that while none of these arguments (...) ultimately proves successful, there is a substantial body of empirical evidence that information originating outside the visual system can nonetheless modulate the way an object's low-level attributes visually appear. Visual phenomenal content, I show, is not only significantly influenced by crossmodal interactions between vision and other exteroceptive senses such as touch and audition, but also by interactions between vision and non-perceptual systems involved in motor planning and construction of the proprioceptive body-image. (shrink)
Understanding Cognition.Gordon Steenbergen - 2015 - Dissertation, Duke Universitydetails
Cognitive neuroscience is an interdisciplinary enterprise aimed at explaining cognition and behavior. It appears to be succeeding. What accounts for this apparent explanatory success? According to one prominent philosophical thesis, cognitive neuroscience explains by discovering and describing mechanisms. This "mechanist thesis" is open to at least two interpretations: a strong metaphysical thesis that Carl Craver and David Kaplan defend, and a weaker methodological thesis that William Bechtel defends. I argue that the metaphysical thesis is false and that the (...) methodological thesis is too weak to account for the explanatory promise of cognitive neuroscience. My argument draws support from a representative example of research in this field, namely, the neuroscience of decision-making. The example shows that cognitive neuroscience explains in a variety of ways and that the discovery of mechanisms functions primarily as a way of marshaling evidence in support of the models of cognition that are its principle unit of explanatory significance. -/- The inadequacy of the mechanist program is symptomatic of an implausible but prominent view of scientific understanding. On this view, scientific understanding consists in an accurate and complete description of certain "objective" explanatory relations, that is, relations that hold independently of facts about human psychology. I trace this view to Carl Hempel's logical empiricist reconceptualization of scientific understanding, which then gets extended in Wesley Salmon's causal-mechanistic approach. I argue that the twin objectivist ideals of accuracy and completeness are neither ends we actually value nor ends we ought to value where scientific understanding is concerned. -/- The case against objectivism motivates psychologism about understanding, the view that understanding depends on human psychology. I propose and defend a normative psychologistic framework for investigating the nature of understanding in the mind sciences along three empirically-informed dimensions: 1) What are the ends of understanding? 2) What is the nature of the cognitive strategy that we deploy to achieve those ends; and 3) Under what conditions is our deployment of this strategy effective toward achieving those ends? To articulate and defend this view, I build on the work of Elliot Sober to develop a taxonomy of psychologisms about understanding. Epistemological psychologism, a species of naturalism, is the view that justifying claims about understanding requires appealing to what scientists actually do when they seek understanding. Metaphysical psychologism is the view that the truth-makers for claims about understanding include facts about human psychology. I defend both views against objections. (shrink)
A cognitive perspective on scientific realism.Michael Vlerick - 2019 - Philosophical Psychology 32 (8):1157-1178.details
The debate about scientific realism is concerned with the relation between our scientific theories and the world. Scientific realists argue that our best theories or components of those theories correspond to the world. Anti-realists deny such a correspondence. Traditionally, this central issue in the philosophy of science has been approached by focusing on the theories themselves (e.g., by looking at theory change or the underlying experimental context). I propose a relatively unexplored way to approach this old debate. In addition to (...) focusing on the theory, we should focus on the theorizer. More precisely, in order to determine on which component of a theory we should hinge a realist commitment, we should analyze the cognitive processes underlying scientific theorizing. In this paper I do just that. Drawing from recent developments in the cognitive sciences and evolutionary epistemology, I formulate some tentative conclusions. The aim of this paper is not so much to defend a particular position in the debate on scientific realism but to showcase the value of taking a cognitive perspective in the debate. (shrink)
Representation in Cognitive Science.Nicholas Shea - 2018 - Oxford University Press.details
How can we think about things in the outside world? There is still no widely accepted theory of how mental representations get their meaning. In light of pioneering research, Nicholas Shea develops a naturalistic account of the nature of mental representation with a firm focus on the subpersonal representations that pervade the cognitive sciences.
Epistemological and theoretical foundations of constructivist cognitive therapies: Post-rationalist developments.Juan Balbi - 2008 - Dialogues in Philosophy, Mental and Neuro Sciences 1 (1):15-27.details
The constructivist perspective has shed new light on the conception of psychopathology and the practice of psychotherapy, surmounting the shortcomings of behaviorism and rationalist cognitive thought, by abandoning the empiricist principle of associationism. In this field, Vittorio Guidano introduced the Cognitive Post -Rationalist model, influenced by attachment theory, evolutionary epistemology, complex systems theory, and the prevalence of abstract mental processes proposed by Hayeck. Guidano conceives the personal system as a self-organized entity, in constant development. The role of (...) the post - rationalist therapist is to strategically upset the system in search of newer and more flexible ways to construct personal experience. (shrink)
On Cognitive and Moral Enhancement: A Reply to Savulescu and Persson.J. Adam Carter & Emma C. Gordon - 2014 - Bioethics 28 (1):153-161.details
In a series of recent works, Julian Savulescu and Ingmar Persson insist that, given the ease by which irreversible destruction is achievable by a morally wicked minority, (i) strictly cognitive bio-enhancement is currently too risky, while (ii) moral bio-enhancement is plausibly morally mandatory (and urgently so). This article aims to show that the proposal Savulescu and Persson advance relies on several problematic assumptions about the separability of cognitive and moral enhancement as distinct aims. Specifically, we propose that the (...) underpinnings of Savulescu's and Persson's normative argument unravel once it is suitably clear how aiming to cognitively enhance an individual will in part require that one aim to bring about certain moral goods we show to be essential to cognitive flourishing; conversely, aiming to bring about moral enhancement in an individual must involve aiming to improve certain cognitive capacities we show to be essential to moral flourishing. After developing these points in some detail, and their implication for Savulescu's & Persson's proposal, we conclude by outlining some positive suggestions. (shrink)
The development of categorisation and conceptual thinking in early childhood: methods and limitations.Nicolás Alessandroni & Cintia Rodríguez - 2020 - Psicologia: Reflexão E Crítica 33.details
We present a systematic and qualitative review of academic literature on early conceptual development (0–24 months of age), with an emphasis on methodological aspects. The final sample of our review included 281 studies reported in 115 articles. The main aims of the article were four: first, to organise studies into sets according to methodological similarities and differences; second, to elaborate on the methodological procedures that characterise each set; third, to circumscribe the empirical indicators that different sets of studies consider (...) as proof of the existence of concepts in early childhood; last, to identify methodological limitations and to propose possible ways to overcome them. We grouped the studies into five sets: preference and habituation experiments, category extension tasks, object sorting tasks, sequential touching tasks and object examination tasks. In the "Results" section, we review the core features of each set of studies. In the "Discussion" and "Conclusions" sections, we describe, for one thing, the most relevant methodological shortcomings. We end by arguing that a situated, semiotic and pragmatic perspective that emphasises the importance of ecological validity could open up new avenues of research to better understand the development of concepts in early childhood. (shrink)
A COGNITIVE SCIENCE PERSPECTIVE OF YOGA SYSTEM OF THOUGHT.Varanasi Ramabrahmam - 2011 - In The proceedings of the national conference on "Opportunities and Challenges of Ayurveda (including Siddha) and Yoga in the Present Milieu" (AYURYOG 2011) between 21-23 January, 2011 at Dept. of Sanskrit Studies, University of Hyderabad, at Hyder.details
A cognitive science perspective of yoga system of thought will be developed in conjugation with the Samkhya Darsana. This development will be further advanced using Advaita Vedanta and will be translated into modern scientific terms to arrive at an idea about cognition process. The stalling of the cognitive process and stilling the mind will be critically discussed in the light of this perspective. This critical analysis and translation into cognitive science and modern scientific terms will be (...) presented together with its implications and applications to the disciplines of mind-machine modeling, natural language comprehension branch of artificial intelligence and physiological psychology. (shrink)
A cognitive view of relevant implication.Daniele Porello & Claudio Masolo - 2015 - In Antonio Lieto, Cristina Battaglino, Daniele P. Radicioni & Manuela Sanguinietti (eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Cognition, Turin, Italy, September 28-29, 2015. pp. 40--53.details
Relevant logics provide an alternative to classical implication that is capable of accounting for the relationship between the antecedent and the consequence of a valid implication. Relevant implication is usually explained in terms of information required to assess a proposition. By doing so, relevant implication introduces a number of cognitively relevant aspects in the de nition of logical operators. In this paper, we aim to take a closer look at the cognitive feature of relevant implication. For this purpose, we (...) develop a cognitively-oriented interpretation of the semantics of relevant logics. In particular, we provide an interpretation of Routley-Meyer semantics in terms of conceptual spaces and we show that it meets the constraints of the algebraic semantics of relevant logic. (shrink)
Limitless as a neuro-pharmaceutical experiment and as a Daseinsanalyse: on the use of fiction in preparatory debates on cognitive enhancement. [REVIEW]Hub Zwart - 2014 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 17 (1):29-38.details
Limitless is a movie (released in 2011) as well as a novel (published in 2001) about a tormented author who (plagued by a writer's block) becomes an early user of an experimental designer drug. The wonder drug makes him highly productive overnight and even allows him to make a fortune on the stock market. At the height of his career, however, the detrimental side-effects become increasingly noticeable. In this article, Limitless is analysed from two perspectives. First of all, building on (...) the views of the French novelist Emile Zola, the novel is seen as the report of a closely monitored experiment. Subsequently, building on the phenomenology of Ludwig Binswanger, I will show how the cognitive enhancement drug not only boosts the protagonist's information processing capacities, but also modifies his experience of space and time, his sense of spatiality, his way of being-in-the-world. On the basis of these (complementary) analyses I will indicate how genres of the imagination (such as movies and novels) may play a significant role in assessing the societal implications of emerging technological developments such as neuro-enhancement, especially during the preparatory or anticipatory stage. (shrink)
Neuromedia, Cognitive Offloading, and Intellectual Perseverance.Cody Turner - 2022 - Synthese 200 (1):1-26.details
This paper engages in what might be called anticipatory virtue epistemology, as it anticipates some virtue epistemological risks related to a near-future version of brain-computer interface technology that Michael Lynch (2014) calls 'neuromedia.' I analyze how neuromedia is poised to negatively affect the intellectual character of agents, focusing specifically on the virtue of intellectual perseverance, which involves a disposition to mentally persist in the face of challenges towards the realization of one's intellectual goals. First, I present and motivate what I (...) call 'the cognitive offloading argument', which holds that excessive cognitive offloading of the sort incentivized by a device like neuromedia threatens to undermine intellectual virtue development from the standpoint of the theory of virtue responsibilism. Then, I examine the cognitive offloading argument as it applies to the virtue of intellectual perseverance, arguing that neuromedia may increase cognitive efficiency at the cost of intellectual perseverance. If used in an epistemically responsible manner, however, cognitive offloading devices may not undermine intellectual perseverance but instead allow us to persevere with respect to intellectual goals that we find more valuable by freeing us from different kinds of menial intellectual labor. (shrink)
Varieties of Cognitive Integration.J. Adam Carter & Jesper Kallestrup - 2019 - Noûs (4):867-890.details
Extended cognition theorists argue that cognitive processes constitutively depend on resources that are neither organically composed, nor located inside the bodily boundaries of the agent, provided certain conditions on the integration of those processes into the agent's cognitive architecture are met. Epistemologists, however, worry that in so far as such cognitively integrated processes are epistemically relevant, agents could thus come to enjoy an untoward explosion of knowledge. This paper develops and defends an approach to cognitive integration—cluster-model functionalism—which (...) finds application in both domains of inquiry, and which meets the challenge posed by putative cases of cognitive or epistemic bloat. (shrink)
Social cognition as causal inference: implications for common knowledge and autism.Jakob Hohwy & Colin Palmer - forthcoming - In John Michael & Mattia Gallotti (eds.), Social Objects and Social Cognition. Springer.details
This chapter explores the idea that the need to establish common knowledge is one feature that makes social cognition stand apart in important ways from cognition in general. We develop this idea on the background of the claim that social cognition is nothing but a type of causal inference. We focus on autism as our test-case, and propose that a specific type of problem with common knowledge processing is implicated in challenges to social cognition in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This (...) problem has to do with the individual's assessment of the reliability of messages that are passed between people as common knowledge emerges. The proposal is developed on the background of our own empirical studies and outlines different ways common knowledge might be comprised. We discuss what these issues may tell us about ASD, about the relation between social and non-social cognition, about social objects, and about the dynamics of social networks. (shrink)
Cognitive Bias, the Axiological Question and the Epistemic Probability of Theistic Belief.Dan Linford & Jason Megill - 2018 - In Mirosław Szatkowski (ed.), Ontology of Theistic Beliefs. De Gruyter. pp. 77-92.details
Some recent work in philosophy of religion addresses what can be called the "axiological question," i.e., regardless of whether God exists, would it be good or bad if God exists? Would the existence of God make the world a better or a worse place? Call the view that the existence of God would make the world a better place "Pro-Theism." We argue that Pro-Theism is not implausible, and moreover, many Theists, at least, (often implicitly) think that it is true. That (...) is, many Theists think that various good outcomes would arise if Theism is true. We then discuss work in cognitive science concerning human cognitive bias, before discussing two noteworthy attempts to show that at least some religious beliefs arise because of cognitive bias: Hume's, and Draper's and Nichols's. We then argue that, as a result of certain cognitive biases that result when good outcomes might be at stake, Pro-Theism causes many Theists to inflate the epistemic probability that God exists, and as a result, Theists should lower the probability they assign to God's existence. Finally, based our arguments, we develop a novel objection to Pascal's wager. (shrink)
Cognitive modularity in the light of the language faculty.Johan De Smedt - 2009 - Logique Et Analyse 52 (208):373-387.details
Ever since Chomsky, language has become the paradigmatic example of an innate capacity. Infants of only a few months old are aware of the phonetic structure of their mother tongue, such as stress-patterns and phonemes. They can already discriminate words from non-words and acquire a feel for the grammatical structure months before they voice their first word. Language reliably develops not only in the face of poor linguistic input, but even without it. In recent years, several scholars have extended this (...) uncontroversial view into the stronger claim that natural language is a human-specific adaptation. As I shall point out, this position is more problematic because of a lack of conceptual clarity over what human-specific cognitive adaptations are, and how they relate to modularity, the notion that mental phenomena arise from several domain-specific cognitive structures. The main aim of this paper is not to discuss whether or not language is an adaptation, but rather, to examine the concept of modularity with respect to
the evolution and development of natural language.
. (shrink)
From Cognition to Consciousness: a discussion about learning, reality representation and decision making.David Guez - 2010 - Biological Theory 5 (2):136-141.details
The scientific understanding of cognition and consciousness is currently hampered by the lack of rigorous and universally accepted definitions that permit comparative studies. This paper proposes new functional and un- ambiguous definitions for cognition and consciousness in order to provide clearly defined boundaries within which general theories of cognition and consciousness may be developed. The proposed definitions are built upon the construction and manipulation of reality representation, decision making and learning and are scoped in terms of an underlying logical structure. (...) It is argued that the presentation of reality also necessitates the concept of ab- sence and the capacity to perform transitive inference. Explicit predictions relating to these new definitions, along with possible ways to test them, are also described and discussed. (shrink)
Cognitive Skills in Philosophy.Steven James Bartlett - 1978-1979 - Aitia 6 (3):12-21.details
Two fundamentally distinct approaches to the teaching of philosophy are contrasted: On the one hand, there is the "information-oriented" approach which has dominated classrooms and which emphasizes the understanding of historically important philosophical works. On the other hand, there is the "cognitive skills" approach. The two approaches may be distinguished under the headings of 'knowing that' as opposed to 'knowing how'. This paper describes and discusses four perspectives relating to the teaching of cognitive skills: (i) the discovery-oriented approach, (...) (ii) Piagetian learning cycles, (iii) protocol analysis, and (iv) conceptual therapy. The latter approach reflects the author's interest in helping students to develop "therapeutic" skills that enable them to identify and eliminate concepts which they employ in their thinking and which are incompatible with their own presuppositional bases and are therefore self-refuting. ●●●●● -/- 2022 UPDATE: The approach of this paper has been updated and developed further in Appendix II, "Epistemological Intelligence," of the author's 2021 book _Critique of Impure Reason: Horizons of Possibility and Meaning_. The book is available both in a printed edition (under ISBN 978-0-578-88646-6 from Barnes & Noble, Amazon, and other booksellers) and an Open Access eBook edition (available through Philpapers under the book's title and other philosophy online archives). (shrink)
Social Policy and Cognitive Enhancement: Lessons from Chess.Emilian Mihailov & Julian Savulescu - 2018 - Neuroethics 11 (2):115-127.details
Should the development of pharmacological cognitive enhancers raise worries about doping in cognitively demanding activities? In this paper, we argue against using current evidence relating to enhancement to justify a ban on cognitive enhancers using the example of chess. It is a mistake to assume that enhanced cognitive functioning on psychometric testing is transferable to chess performance because cognitive expertise is highly complex and in large part not merely a function of the sum specific sub-processes. (...) A deeper reason to doubt that pharmacological cognitive enhancers would be as significant in mind sports is the misleading parallel with physical enhancement. We will make the case that cognitive performance is less mechanical in nature than physical performance. We draw lessons from this case example of chess for the regulation of cognitive enhancement more generally in education and the professions. Premature regulation runs the risk of creating a detrimental culture of suspicion that ascribes unwarranted blame. (shrink)
What Is a Cognitive System? In Defense of the Conditional Probability of Co-contribution Account.Robert D. Rupert - 2019 - Cognitive Semantics 5 (2):175-200.details
A theory of cognitive systems individuation is presented and defended. The approach has some affinity with Leonard Talmy's Overlapping Systems Model of Cognitive Organization, and the paper's first section explores aspects of Talmy's view that are shared by the view developed herein. According to the view on offer -- the conditional probability of co-contribution account (CPC) -- a cognitive system is a collection of mechanisms that contribute, in overlapping subsets, to a wide variety of forms of intelligent (...) behavior. Central to this approach is the idea of an integrated system. A formal characterization of integration is laid out in the form of a conditional-probabilitybased measure of the clustering of causal contributors to the production of intelligent behavior. I relate the view to the debate over extended and embodied cognition and respond to objections that have been raised in print by Andy Clark, Colin Klein, and Felipe de Brigard. (shrink)


Candle Apparently Began Small Blaze at Her Home in Hurricane Mills, Tenn.
Loretta Lynn sustained minor burns Tuesday morning (Feb. 25) during a small fire at her home in Hurricane Mills, Tenn.
Authorities told Nashville TV station WKRN the fire started around 9:30 a.m. when a candle fell onto a chair in the sunroom of the home. Lynn, 81, was watching TV when she heard a crackling noise. She suffered burns on her fingertips while using a pillow to extinguish the flames.
Lynn's ranch, located approximately 75 miles west of Nashville, includes restaurants, a concert venue and a Motocross track. The antebellum mansion, which now houses a museum, was not damaged. The singer-songwriter resides in another house on the property. It was not heavily damaged in Tuesday's fire.
Lynn, who was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1988, is best known for hits such as "Coal Miner's Daughter," "You Ain't Woman Enough" and "Don't Come Home a Drinkin' (With Lovin' on Your Mind)." In 2013, President Barack Obama presented her with the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
She's scheduled to continue her tour dates this weekend in Texas with shows Friday (Feb. 28) in Greenville, Saturday in Corpus Christi and Sunday in Austin.


text:
"Unsane" Is Not The Insane Thriller It Wants To Be
By : Ron Ma
Tag: claire foy, iphone film, steven soderbergh, unsane
Steven Soderbergh's Unsane entices the audience with a ceaselessly frightening idea: being held against your will and slowly questioning your sanity. But does the talented filmmaker waste a great premise on this occasion?
There are very few directors whose works I watch regardless of their quality. Steven Soderbergh is one of them. No matter which genre he tackles — trust me, he has tackled a lot — his expertise in storytelling and camerawork always seeps through. However, his passions are strongest in his non-mainstream works. In these films, you surrender to Soderbergh and let him take you on a journey through his mind. Sometimes it succeeds, such as with Sex, Lies, and Videotape, his wonderfully complex and touching debut. Sometimes it polarises, such as with Bubble, his minimalist experiment that feels more pointless than unique. This should explain my excitement and scepticism when watching Unsane.
The film boldly declares itself as non-mainstream by being entirely shot on an iPhone. It further entices the audience with a ceaselessly frightening idea: being held against your will and slowly questioning your sanity. In this film, the nightmare lands upon Sawyer Valentini, who is confined to a hospital with the person she believes is her stalker, but "is she or isn't she?" Even the film's tagline makes you wonder.
Unfortunately, that question is answered much earlier than one might expect. Much of the film unfolds like so, a series of mysteries that are solved before the tension sets in. Soderbergh drains the film of uncertainty and doubts, creating a predictable trail of events. Of course, part of the problem lies with screenwriters Jonathan Bernstein and James Greer, whose fascinating premise loses tension due to this lack of uncertainty. I cannot help but borrow the title of Manohla Dargis' review of the film, "It's Not Paranoia if Someone's After You". You could extend this to my reaction to the film: it is hard to feel paranoid if I know that someone is after the protagonist and, more importantly, if I can foresee his next moves.
To someone who has not seen the film, and perhaps to some who have, my criticisms may seem invalid. There are films that demand that the outcome be known in order for the drama to work. Often, it is because the crux of the story lies beyond the mystery itself. But Unsane is not that type of film. If it is trying to be, its attempts are underdeveloped. There are shreds of social commentary regarding modern corporations, but the word "commentary" overstates the film's accomplishments. It is more accurate to call it a subplot that motivates the main storyline. When "commentary" does appear, it is a drastic simplification of pertinent issues.
There is another moment in Unsane that hints at what the film could have been. The scene unfolds in a solitary confinement cell, with characters waging a simple but disquieting psychological battle. The pains that Sawyer had to endure are now manifested in front of the audience. Tension is gained because, just like the people in the cell, the audience cannot anticipate what comes next. The unstable characters make everything susceptible to change. Sadly, those mind games are not sustained for long. The film verges into such territory only to return to the predictable cat-and-mouse chase. Although scenes of such psychological discomfort can be intriguing if developed fully, the film does not take that route, choosing a different tale of suspense instead. The regrettable thing is that the suspense fades before it even arises.
Let me clarify something in fear that my words sound overly critical. The film is still a pleasure to watch, largely due to the performances by Claire Foy and Joshua Leonard. Foy embodies an anxious and broken individual from the moment she appears. Her lone battle against her stalker comes with stress and anger, earning the audience's empathy even when she acts aggressively. Leonard, on the other hand, plays the stalker with deceiving warmth. His violent tendencies are withheld for a long time, which only makes his superficiality more intimidating. Leonard takes that to his advantage with every move and every smile, knowing that the sense of hostility will never subdue.
But these qualities are incapable of rescuing the film. Unsane not only loses a great premise with tension waiting to be unleashed, but also a chance to prove that equipment does not determine a film's quality. To be clear, I still believe in that argument. A professional camera can improve the look of a film, but it is rendered useless without a strong story. Although Soderbergh goes too far in suggesting that some viewers will have "no idea this was shot on the phone", there is nothing wrong with shooting on a phone either. One of the wonders of cinema is that amateur equipment can make great films. What
Unsane reminds us is that it can make mediocre ones as well.
Written by Ron Ma
Directed by: Steven Soderbergh
Written by: Jonathan Bernstein, James Greer
Starring: Claire Foy, Joshua Leonard, Jay Pharoah, Juno Temple, Aimee Mullins
Released: 2018 / Genre: Psychological Horror
Country: USA / IMDB
Unsane was released in UK cinemas on March 23, 2018.
Ron Ma is your "average" college student who just so happens to love cinema. Most of his time is spent catching up on the heaps of films he's guilty of not having watched, as well as reading about cinema history and theory.
"Avengers: Infinity War" Redefines Our Perception Of The Marvel Cinematic Universe
"The Post": When Freedom Of Speech Meant Something Else
"Breathe": A Moral Fable Which Calls To The Intrepid In All Of Us
Top 10 Directorial Debuts
, By Ron Ma
Trailer for Steven Soderbergh's new film Haywire
, By Dan Stephens
CineGirl April 30, 2018 at 11:29 am Reply
I found it to be quite a fascinating film if not Soderbergh's most polished effort. It certainly leaves its mark on the viewer and I thought the lead was excellent.
Dan Grant April 30, 2018 at 3:36 pm Reply
This was one of the shocking film experiences for me. I went in not really that interested in seeing and left feeling like I had just witnessed one terrific little film. It had me engaged from about the 10 minute mark and it never really lets up. It's a slow decent into madness and while it's not a horror film in the true sense, it still left me feeling a little shaken and disturbed. Well done, Soderbergh.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


On the fifteenth anniversary of the start of the Iraq War, Ralph talks about the true costs of war with executive director of Veterans for Peace, Michael McPhearson and un-embedded war correspondent, Dahr Jamail, eyewitness to the battle of Fallujah.
Good News For The Environment!
Ralph spends the full hour with the co-founder of Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI), Jack Dangermond, talking about the gift he and his wife Laura gave to preserve 24,000 acres of incredibly bio-diverse California coastal land as well as their vision for all of the positive ways computer mapping software can be used.
Former derivatives trader turned philosophical essayist, Nassim Nicholas Taleb, joins us to talk about his new book, 'Skin in the Game," about the role risk and reward plays not only in politics but also our daily lives.
Ralph questions the Comptroller of the United States, Gene Dodaro, head of the Government Accountability Office, about a long overdue audit of the Pentagon. Plus, Dr. Gordon Douglas, co-founder of Princeton Studies Food has some pretty harsh words for our industrial animal agriculture system.
Ralph welcomes the head of testing for Consumer Reports, Liam McCormack, who gives us a tour of the marketplace for many of the products you buy from automobiles to computers to auto insurance to appliances to laundry detergent and much, much more.
Ralph talks about the "real terrorists" in our midst - killer germs - with Dr. Michael Osterholm, director of the Center For Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota. And then Brian Carome, executive director of Street Sense Media, tells us how his organization is helping the homeless in the Washington DC area.


text:
Short-handed Warriors stun Spurs 124-120 to extend streak
SAN ANTONIO (AP) Jordan Poole had 31 points, including a go-ahead 3-pointer with 17.9 seconds remaining, and the short-handed Golden State Warriors beat the San Antonio Spurs 124-120 on Tuesday night for their seventh straight victory.
"I knew he was going to make it," Warriors rookie Jonathan Kuminga said. "He missed the first one. Great players don't miss the second one."
Golden State rallied from a 17-point deficit despite being without Stephen Curry, Klay Thompson, Draymond Green and Andrew Wiggins on the second night of a back-to-back.
"Our vets who didn't play are so excited in there," Warriors coach Steve Kerr said, adding it was "a fantastic win for us."
Damion Lee had 21 points for the Warriors and Moses Moody added 20.
Dejounte Murray led San Antonio with 27 points, nine rebounds and nine assists. Murray had a pair of baskets in the final minute, including a 15-footer that gave the Spurs a 120-119 lead with 40 seconds remaining.
Poole put Golden State back ahead from the left corner after several players dove on the floor for a loose ball in a wild scramble following a previous 3-point miss by Poole. Moody collected the loose ball and fired a pass to Poole, who was wide open.
"That was the play that won the game," Poole said. "That was the one that did it. That hustle play, that effort play, especially in such a crucial time."
San Antonio led by as many as 17 points in the second half, but Golden State's depleted roster fought back. Lee's 3-pointer with 2 minutes to go gave the Warriors a 117-1114 lead, their first since the game's opening minute. Lee's previous 3-pointer cut the Spurs' lead to 114-112.
Kuminga had a 3-pointer and a breakaway windmill dunk in a 26-10 run to take the lead. Kuminga finished with 19 points.
Golden State was 20 for 46 on 3-pointers and took advantage of 14 turnovers by San Antonio.
"Rebounding has been our problem all year," Spurs guard Derrick White said. "And the turnovers, I probably started it off with two turnovers in the fourth."
Golden State was also without Andre Iguodala, Otto Porter Jr. and Nemanja Bjelica.
The Warriors lost Gary Payton to a leg injury in the fourth quarter and the Spurs lost centers Jakob Poeltl and Jock Landale after both were hit in the head in the first half.
Warriors: Kerr said Curry injured his left toe in the third quarter of Monday's game in Houston. Curry still scored 21 of his 40 points in the fourth quarter of the Warriors' 122-108 victory. . Kerr was asked if it was an easy decision to rest his players against the Spurs. "It was an easy choice because they are genuinely nursing injuries," Kerr said. . Payton exited with 6:23 remaining in the game after hitting his left shin against a chair Payton was helped up but walked off on his own while limping slightly. . Thompson missed the game as injury management in his return from right Achilles' tendon surgery. Wiggins sat due to a sore left knee. Green and Bjelica were both out due to back injuries. Iguodala had a hip injury and Porter was out for injury management on his left foot. . The Warriors are 22-8 against Western Conference teams.
Spurs: Poeltl exited the game with 7:20 remaining in the second quarter after being hit in the face on a foul by Kuminga. Poeltl had his hands on his knees for a minute before checking if his nose was bleeding and if his front tooth was loose. Poeltl let out some frustration on the ensuing play with a huge dunk but left the game two minutes later. . Murray had 321 points, 121 rebounds and 139 assists in January, becoming the first player in franchise history to reach those statistical numbers in any calendar month. He also set a franchise record with four triple-doubles in a month. . Keita Bates-Diop returned after sitting out while in the league's health and safety protocols. . The Spurs are 10-16 at home.
Warriors: Host Sacramento on Thursday.
Spurs: Host Houston on Thursday.


It's shaping up to be a three-horse race for the last two European qualification spots for Rugby World Cup Sevens 2018 after Russia capture the Lodz Sevens title.
Russia showed great resolve to win the Lodz Sevens in Poland and at the same time improve their prospects of appearing at Rugby World Cup Sevens 2018.
In a reversal of fortunes from last week when they finished third on home soil in Moscow, the reigning Rugby Europe Grand Prix Sevens champions took the second leg of this year's four-tournament series, with Moscow Sevens champions Ireland having to settle for the bronze medal on this occasion after a narrow semi-final loss to their more experienced rivals.
Having lost 24-7 to Wales in their first match, Russia bounced back to book their place in the quarter-finals with wins over England (24-7) and Italy (29-7).
They then had to dig deep in each of their knockout matches to prevail. Georgia pushed them all the way in the last eight despite losing a man to a red card, before it took a last-gasp try from captain Vladimir Ostroushko to deny the Irish a second consecutive final appearance in their debut season on the series.
In the gold medal match, Russia found themselves 12-0 down against Spain but came back to lead 19-12 with seconds remaining. However, Spain scored a length-of-the-field try to take the game into sudden death extra-time.
Receiving the ball from the kick-off, Russia kept possession through several phases and stretched the Spanish defence one way and then the other until HSBC World Rugby Sevens Series star German Davydov was left with a simple walk-in wide out on the right, meaning Los Leones Sevens had to settle for second-place on the podium for the second tournament running following their runners-up finish in Moscow.
Ireland, Spain and Russia are now tied on 36 points at the top of the overall standings in what is increasingly looking like a three-horse race for the last two available European qualification places at RWC Sevens 2018 in San Francisco.
England, France and Wales have already qualified after reaching the quarter-finals of RWC Sevens 2013, while Scotland will be there too, thanks to their seventh-place finish on the HSBC World Rugby Sevens Series 2016-17 and among the four highest ranked sides outside the nine pre-qualified teams.
The Grand Prix Series now moves on to Clermont-Ferrand in France (24-25 June), before concluding three weeks later in Exeter, England (15-16 July).


Ira Glass speaks during Contemporary Color, Conceived By David Byrne at Barclays Center of Brooklyn on June 27, 2015 in New York City.
Ira Glass is not afraid to fail. In fact, he seems to relish the possibility of defeat.
The Baltimore-born creator and host of the weekly public radio show "This American Life" courts catastrophe. Where pundits see disaster looming, the 57-year-old Glass rushes in headfirst, if only because it potentially can take him to such interesting places.
But despite Glass' most determined efforts, abject ruin stubbornly continues to elude him. He will discuss these efforts Sunday night in a talk titled "Reinventing Radio" at Goucher College, where he picked up an honorary doctorate in 2012.
"Our show consciously tries to do things that radio doesn't normally do," Glass said recently over the phone.
"Everything we do is an experiment. It all comes from the same impulse of 'What would it amuse us to try to do?'"
For the past 20 years, the same things that divert Glass have been attracting listeners to "This American Life."
The weekly New York-based show reaches an audience of 2.2 million on more than 500 stations, while another 2.2 million download each new episode, making the show often the most popular podcast in the country.
"This American Life" also has picked up journalism prizes, including five Peabody Awards for the radio show and a 2011 Polk Award for Glass.
The many obstacles that "This American Life" has, if not exactly overcome, then blithely ignored, begin with the host's voice. While not unpleasant, it doesn't beg to be broadcast. Nasal and slightly atonal, Glass rounds off consonants as if every articulated "t" and "k" were verbal speed bumps designed to slow him down.
A man whose murder conviction in the death of his high school girlfriend was the subject of a wildly popular podcast will now have his story memorialized in a book.
Glass grew up near Pikesville, the son of Barry Glass, an accountant and Shirley Glass, a psychologist. He got his start in radio as a student at Milford Mill Academy writing jokes for his idol, the legendary former WFBR DJ Johnny Walker.
Perhaps no one ever born is less laid-back than Glass, a man in constant, almost frenetic motion. It's a tribute to his consummate mastery of radio that, on the air, he sounds relaxed, even spontaneous. The show moseys along as if the host and his producers were friends swapping stories around a campfire.
"When we went on the air, there was not a lot of long-form narrative journalism on the radio," Glass said. "Now there's a whole movement of people trying to do what we do."
The hourlong show does none of the things deemed necessary for broadcast success. It features no celebrities, though it has made stars of some contributors, including the humorist David Sedaris. It doesn't tackle such timely topics as the presidential election or police-community relations.
But it gets at those issues by exploring the minutiae of daily life. Each show contains anecdotes organized around a theme, such as "I Thought I Knew You," or "The Heart Wants What It Wants."
The former episode features two people who incorrectly guess the race of the person they're talking to over the phone, while the latter showcases a protester at a "Black Lives Matter" rally who develops a crush on her arresting officer.
"When people think about journalism, there's sometimes a trade-off between doing something fun and something serious-minded," Glass said. "But we thought we could do a show with characters and scenes and funny moments that's also doing the most ambitious things journalism can do."
Two years ago, Glass made a decision that media pundits feared could bring about his show's downfall.
"This American Life" severed ties with its distributor, Public Radio International, announcing that it would market itself to stations and find its own corporate sponsors. Last summer, Glass went one step further and split from his longtime producer, Chicago Public Media.
Artists and visionaries generally aren't known for their business acumen, and, in exchange for achieving his show's independence, the New York Times wrote, Glass was giving up seven-figure financial guarantees.
Instead of floundering, "This American Life" became even more profitable. The show now is on firmer financial footing than it has been in the previous two decades.
"That really wasn't such a risky move," Glass said. "We left thinking we could do as well or better ourselves, and we were right.
"We can do a level of intensive investigation and reporting once a month now, that in the early years of the show we could only do once a year. For instance, we sent three reporters for five months to document life at a Chicago high school where 29 current and recent students were shot."
Think about that for a moment: Broadcast and print journalism are in crisis, with dwindling audiences and advertising revenue. "This American Life" has found a way to not merely remain stable, but thrive.
"We're in a very unusual corner of journalism right now," Glass said.
"Our colleagues in print and network TV are having such trouble making a go of it financially. Because of the boom in podcasting, we suddenly have money that very few journalists ever get, so we have the luxury of experimenting."
He credits the windfall to the runaway popularity of such podcasts as "Serial." A spinoff from "This American Life" that's hosted by former Baltimore Sun reporter Sarah Koenig, "Serial" tells one story over 12 episodes.
"Serial" won a 2015 Peabody Award — and a post-conviction hearing for Adnan Syed, the man convicted in 2000 of killing his girlfriend and dumping her body in Leakin Park. Season 2, which debuted in January, focuses on Bowe Bergdahl, a U.S. soldier captured by the Taliban, rescued in a controversial prisoner exchange and now facing court-martial. A third season is reportedly in the works.
"We wanted to create a radio show that does with facts what an HBO or Netflix series does," Glass said, "which is to pull you in at the beginning and get you involved in the situation and characters so you'll come back episode after episode after episode."
Initially, the producers hoped to reach the break-even point of 300,000 listeners.
Instead, 8 million listeners downloaded each episode in the first season — more than watch most TV shows. The success of "Serial" helped swell the audience and advertising base for other podcasts doing original programming, including the one produced by the spinoff's parent company.
A landmark moment occurred last August, Glass said, when the weekly audience for "This American Life's" podcast became as large as the radio show's.
"The radio audience isn't shrinking," Glass said. "It's actually very stable. But the podcast audience continues to grow."
More podcasts created by his staff are in the works, including one that will be launched later this year, though Glass is keeping mum about the details.
Other experiments, such as a televised version of "This American Life," which ran for two seasons on the cable giant Showtime have been less successful – though this particular "failure" picked up three Emmy Awards.
Glass said that it was he, and not Showtime, who walked away from the program.
"The TV show wasn't as special a TV show as the radio show was special as a radio show," he said.
But he said the experience left him with a deep, visceral understanding of visual storytelling that he continues to explore.
Other "experiments" include "Don't Think Twice," the second movie that Glass has produced with his friend, the writer-director-actor Mike Birbiglia. The movie premieres Sunday at the South by Southwest festival in Austin, Texas.
Last November, Glass collaborated with cartoonist Chris Ware to produce an innovative cover for New Yorker magazine. Computer viewers who click on the "play" arrow watch animated characters acting out an anecdote about regret that Glass originally recorded for his radio show.
Now Glass is working on what he describes as "a weird mash-up" of two media: radio, an art form for the ear; and dance, which optimally is experienced in real space and time. Dance generally doesn't do well on film, where skyward leaps get squished into two dimensions and shrunk onto small screens.
Naturally, Glass is determined to figure out how to make the first truly satisfying dance movie — one that would include the dancers talking about what's going through their heads as they jete side by side on stage.
"We're talking about filming the dance show I'm touring in," he said, referring to "Three Acts, Two Dancers, One Radio Host."
"We threw a little money at it as an experiment, just to see if we could film one 31/2-minute dance. It will be partly a piece about dance, and partly a portrait of the two dancers. It could be very dynamic and beautiful. But we're still not sure it's going to work."
And off Glass goes in avid pursuit of his heart's desire, the next unsure thing.
WYPR presents "Reinventing Radio: An Evening with Ira Glass" at 7 p.m. Sunday at Kraushaar Auditorium, 1021 Dulaney Valley Road, Towson. Tickets are sold out. Information: publicbroadcasting.net/wypr/events or 410-235-1660.


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Excerpt: System Failure – The Silencing of Rape Survivors
As managing partner of Marque Lawyers, a commercial firm with a strong human rights interest, Michael Bradley has become directly involved in work for sexual violence and rape survivors and advocacy for reform in that area of the law.
Content Warning: This article covers sexual assault. If you or someone you know are affected by the following story, you are not alone. To speak to someone, you can call Lifeline on 13 11 14, or 1800 RESPECT on 1800 737 732.
In his new book, out this month via Monash University Publishing, Michael Bradley explores the legal system's responses to rape and why they are designed without survivors in mind. As Bradley notes, "They do not address, in any way, the questions that survivors ask or the needs they express. Simply put, on the systemic response to rape, we are having the wrong conversation."
System Failure: The Silencing of Rape Survivors
To acknowledge the work of Michael Bradley and to highlight the limited choices offered to rape survivors, we've published an extract from System Failure: The Silencing of Rape Survivors below. This particular extract is about a musician who was raped by another musician in Melbourne.
Dina is a musician who is based in another country. In 2019, as part of a multi-country tour, she was in Melbourne, sharing an Airbnb house rental with the tour promoter and Terry, a fellow musician from overseas. One afternoon, when they were alone at the house, Terry came on to Dina. It started with a request for a hug, then to lie down, and, via an extremely confused (according to Dina's police statement) succession of events, it ended in several acts of rape. She went to hospital the same day, where she was forensically examined, and she made a detailed statement to police two days later.
As becomes obvious after you've read enough survivor accounts, and in complete contrast to the popular understanding, the dynamics of rape are rarely straightforward and frequently an absolute mess. It shouldn't surprise or confound us, but it does. Dina had submitted to quite a lot of what Terry wanted, for complex and, on her reflection, mystifying reasons. Dina is small; Terry is an enormous man. She was physically scared of him, sexually inexperienced and discomfited by his forceful, uncompromising insistence. She was also fond of him, although not attracted to him. When he started moving on her, she tried to control the situation by giving in a little while maintaining a boundary, but it kept slipping. Her speedy descent into a state of frozen fear left her close to helpless.
Nevertheless, Dina told Terry at various points that her vagina was 'not for you', that 'I don't know what you're doing but I'm not comfortable with it', and to 'stop it'. She used tactics like hiding in the bathroom pretending to be using the toilet for an extended period, and claiming she needed to do work. Ultimately she submitted to the final sexual act, her fear by this point of being repeatedly raped flooding any other possibilities.
Reading Dina's statement, one is struck by her honesty (the idea that anyone would ever want to concoct such a messy story is just bizarre) and the sheer enormity of the emotional storm she experienced while simultaneously being physically and sexually monstered by Terry. At one point in her statement, she recalled that: 'My brain was totally not processing, I was screaming in my head, "What the fuck is going on??"'
Terry, no doubt, would have recalled the incident differently, but he was never asked. Victoria Police, following Dina's report to them, commenced an investigation in November 2019. Not much seemed to happen—Dina heard very little from the officers involved and became increasingly frustrated with the apparent lack of progress on her case. Then, in January 2021, after fourteen months of near-silence, Dina received a phone call and a brief, exceedingly spare letter from the police:
Your report has been fully investigated.
As per our telephone conversation, a decision has been made to not proceed with charges.
The reason for this is that there is insufficient evidence to proceed to trial.
I arranged a conference call with Dina, the investigating detective and that officer's superior, to find out what lay behind that uninformative communication. The senior officer explained that he had decided the case wasn't strong enough to proceed with, giving us the benefit of his summation of the difficulties faced by police investigating sex crimes: 'The investigation of sexual assaults is notoriously difficult. In a lot of cases, it's a situation of two people only, no witnesses, where we have the complainant's account and the accused's account. It's a "he said/she said" situation.'
That is all undoubtedly true. It is certainly time for police officers to resist using the deeply offensive 'he said/she said' throwaway line on the misplaced assumption that it will somehow comfort survivors whose experience of being raped the police are in the process of dismissing. However, the central point is unarguable: under our criminal law, it is vanishingly hard to get a rape case up. And Dina's case was far from the easiest prospect.
Still, Dina had been violently raped.
Purchase Michael Bradley's book System Failure: The Silencing of Rape Survivors here.
If you or someone you know are affected by the following story, you are not alone. To speak to someone, you can call Lifeline on 13 11 14, or 1800 RESPECT on 1800 737 732.
Michael Bradley is a lawyer and writer. As managing partner of Marque Lawyers, a commercial firm with a strong human rights interest, Michael has become directly involved in work for sexual violence survivors and advocacy for reform in that area of the law. In his work with dozens of survivors as well as leading experts in the field, he has observed consistent patterns in the legal system's response to these survivors and their experiences within that system—patterns that are at once deeply disturbing and clear pointers to why the system continues to fail.
Michael is the Chair of the Rape and Sexual Assault Research and Advocacy Initiative (RASARA), which leads policy reform in this area. He is also is a widely published essayist on legal and social justice issues, with a regular column in Crikey and previously The Drum, as well as other media including The Saturday Paper and Australian Financial Review. His book Coniston, on the last massacre of Aboriginal people, was released by UWA Publishing in 2019.
Link to the source article – https://theindustryobserver.thebrag.com/excerpt-system-failure-the-silencing-of-rape-survivors/
Categories: Theindustryobserver
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Link to the source article - https://theindustryobserver.thebrag.com/excerpt-system-failure-the-silencing-of-rape-survivors/