text:
HomeOrganized crimeMan dies after friend allegedly steals his N0.7m
Man dies after friend allegedly steals his N0.7m
A man identified as Ola has been accused of stealing seven hundred thousand naira (N700,000) from his friend's bank account, an act which sadly caused his friend's untimely death.
The alleged theft accusation was made by the wife of the victim, Monsurat Wahab who stated that, her husband died as a result of the shock from the unauthorized withdrawal.
Her husband, Isak Wahab who was the victim is a 60 years old. According to PUNCH, Monsurat disclosed that Ola who is a close friend to the family, stole his husband's ATM when he visited their house at the Ikotun Area of Lagos state and begged for financial assistance.
She said, "Ola was a close friend to our family, particularly my husband. He had financial difficulties with his rent and he came to my husband to tell him that he wanted to sell his generator so that he could raise money to pay his rent. My husband told him not to do that and said he (Isak) was expecting payment from our tenants and he could help. My husband then gave him N10,000.
"Meanwhile, we did not know that Ola had taken my husband's ATM card and he withdrew money from it amounting to N700,000. He withdrew the money in tranches of N200,000, N300,000 and another N200,000."
According to son of the Victim, Ajibola said the case had been reported to the Ikotun Police Station for investigation. He added that the suspect has not been seen after he was accused of being responsible for the death of his friend.
Giving more information of the development, Ajibola said that the suspect stole the ATM card when his father got intoxicated while they drank together.
He said, "Last Thursday, my dad was not alright, but I felt it was just ordinary malaria or a small illness. But later, I was told that it was serious and I had to call my siblings. We later learnt from our mother that our father was defrauded by Mr Ola.
"My father died on Friday and we buried him on Saturday. After his burial, we went to his friend's house, confronted him and while arguing with him, we seized his phone. Since that day, we have not seen him.
"As I speak to you, I have his phone with me and we have reported the case at the Ikotun Police Station. He had issues and needed money and our father promised to help and gave him N10,000.
"Now, Mr Ola took our father's ATM card, went to a POS operator, and transferred about N700,000 from his account to other accounts. When our father saw it, he was deeply sad and this led to his death because he never expected that his best friend would do that to him."
Ola's house was contacted to get his side of the story but on getting to his community he was not found.
However, a boy whose name is Ifa Dollars and was identified as his younger brother said his brother has no hand in the death of his friend.
"I heard what they said my brother did, but I don't know anything about it. If my brother was involved in any way, they are the ones that know what they have been doing."
When asked about his brother's whereabouts, "I don't know his whereabouts." he said.
The deceased's family says that the case was reported at the Ikotun Police Station on June 23, 2022.
But after contacting The Lagos State Police Public Relations Officer, SP Benjamin Hundeyin, he said nobody reported the incidence to the police.
POS operator
3 Die In Multiple Accidents Along Lagos -Ibadan Expressway
Court Award N60Million To Enslaved Woman, Glory Okolie Against Nigeria Police


text:
Velika nagrada Abu Dabija 2013 je sedemnajsta dirka Svetovnega prvenstva Formule 1 v . Odvijala se je 3. novembra 2013 na dirkališču Yas Marina v Abu Dabiju. Zmagal je Sebastian Vettel, drugo mesto je osvojil Mark Webber, oba Red Bull-Renault, tretje pa Nico Rosberg, Mercedes.

Webber je osvojil najboljši štartni položaj, toda na štartu je povedel Vettel z drugega štartnega mesta in vodstvo zadržal vse do cilja ter dosegel svojo sedmo zaporedno zmago. S tem je izenačil rekord v zaporednih zmagah, ki sta ga pred njim dosegla Alberto Ascari v sezonah  in  ter Michael Schumacher v .

Rezultati

Kvalifikacije

|-
! 1
| align="center" | 2
|  Mark Webber
| Red Bull-Renault
| 1:41,568
| 1:40,575
| 1:39,957
| 1
|-
! 2
| align="center" | 1
|  Sebastian Vettel
| Red Bull-Renault
| 1:41,683
| 1:40,781
| 1:40,075
| 2
|-
! 3
| align="center" | 9
|  Nico Rosberg
| Mercedes
| 1:41,420
| 1:40,473
| 1:40,419
| 3
|-
! 4
| align="center" | 10
|  Lewis Hamilton
| Mercedes
| 1:40,693
| 1:40,477
| 1:40,501
| 4
|-
! 5
| align="center" | 7
|  Kimi Räikkönen
| Lotus-Renault
| 1:41,276
| 1:40,971
| 1:40,542
| 22
|-
! 6
| align="center" | 11
|  Nico Hülkenberg
| Sauber-Ferrari
| 1:41,631
| 1:40,931
| 1:40,576
| 5
|-
! 7
| align="center" | 8
|  Romain Grosjean
| Lotus-Renault
| 1:41,447
| 1:40,948
| 1:40,997
| 6
|-
! 8
| align="center" | 4
|  Felipe Massa
| Ferrari
| 1:41,254
| 1:40,989
| 1:41,015
| 7
|-
! 9
| align="center" | 6
|  Sergio Pérez
| McLaren-Mercedes
| 1:41,687
| 1:40,812
| 1:41,068
| 8
|-
! 10
| align="center" | 19
|  Daniel Ricciardo
| Toro Rosso-Ferrari
| 1:41,884
| 1:40,852
| 1:41,111
| 9
|-
! 11
| align="center" | 3
|  Fernando Alonso
| Ferrari
| 1:41,397
| 1:41,093
|
| 10
|-
! 12
| align="center" | 14
|  Paul di Resta
| Force India-Mercedes
| 1:41,676
| 1:41,133
|
| 11
|-
! 13
| align="center" | 5
|  Jenson Button
| McLaren-Mercedes
| 1:41,817
| 1:41,200
|
| 12
|-
! 14
| align="center" | 18
|  Jean-Éric Vergne
| Toro Rosso-Ferrari
| 1:41,692
| 1:41,279
|
| 13
|-
! 15
| align="center" | 16
|  Pastor Maldonado
| Williams-Renault
| 1:41,365
| 1:41,395
|
| 14
|-
! 16
| align="center" | 17
|  Valtteri Bottas
| Williams-Renault
| 1:41,862
| 1:41,447
|
| 15
|-
! 17
| align="center" | 12
|  Esteban Gutiérrez
| Sauber-Ferrari
| 1:41,999
|
|
| 16
|-
! 18
| align="center" | 15
|  Adrian Sutil
| Force India-Mercedes
| 1:42,051
|
|
| 17
|-
! 19
| align="center" | 21
|  Giedo van der Garde
| Caterham-Renault
| 1:43,252
|
|
| 18
|-
! 20
| align="center" | 22
|  Jules Bianchi
| Marussia-Cosworth
| 1:43,398
|
|
| 21
|-
! 21
| align="center" | 20
|  Charles Pic
| Caterham-Renault
| 1:43,528
|
|
| 19
|-
! 22
| align="center" | 23
|  Max Chilton
| Marussia-Cosworth
| 1:44,198
|
|
| 20
|-
! colspan=8|Vir:
|}

Dirka

|-
! 1
| align="center" | 1
|  Sebastian Vettel
| Red Bull-Renault
| 55
| 1:38:06,106
| 2
| 25
|-
! 2
| align="center" | 2
|  Mark Webber
| Red Bull-Renault
| 55
| +30,829
| 1
| 18
|-
! 3
| align="center" | 9
|  Nico Rosberg
| Mercedes
| 55
| +33,650
| 3
| 15
|-
! 4
| align="center" | 8
|  Romain Grosjean
| Lotus-Renault
| 55
| +34,802
| 6
| 12
|-
! 5
| align="center" | 3
|  Fernando Alonso
| Ferrari
| 55
| +1:07,181
| 10
| 10
|-
! 6
| align="center" | 14
|  Paul di Resta
| Force India-Mercedes
| 55
| +1:18,174
| 11
| 8
|-
! 7
| align="center" | 10
|  Lewis Hamilton
| Mercedes
| 55
| +1:19,267
| 4
| 6
|-
! 8
| align="center" | 4
|  Felipe Massa
| Ferrari
| 55
| +1:22,886
| 7
| 4
|-
! 9
| align="center" | 6
|  Sergio Pérez
| McLaren-Mercedes
| 55
| +1:31,198
| 8
| 2
|-
! 10
| align="center" | 15
|  Adrian Sutil
| Force India-Mercedes
| 55
| +1:33,257
| 17
| 1
|-
! 11
| align="center" | 16
|  Pastor Maldonado
| Williams-Renault
| 55
| +1:35,989
| 14
|
|-
! 12
| align="center" | 5
|  Jenson Button
| McLaren-Mercedes
| 55
| +1:43,767
| 12
|
|-
! 13
| align="center" | 12
|  Esteban Gutiérrez
| Sauber-Ferrari
| 55
| +1:44,295
| 16
|
|-
! 14
| align="center" | 11
|  Nico Hülkenberg
| Sauber-Ferrari
| 54
| +1 krog
| 5
|
|-
! 15
| align="center" | 17
|  Valtteri Bottas
| Williams-Renault
| 54
| +1 krog
| 15
|
|-
! 16
| align="center" | 19
|  Daniel Ricciardo
| Toro Rosso-Ferrari
| 54
| +1 krog
| 9
|
|-
! 17
| align="center" | 18
|  Jean-Éric Vergne
| Toro Rosso-Ferrari
| 54
| +1 krog
| 13
|
|-
! 18
| align="center" | 21
|  Giedo van der Garde
| Caterham-Renault
| 54
| +1 krog
| 18
|
|-
! 19
| align="center" | 20
|  Charles Pic
| Caterham-Renault
| 54
| +1 krog
| 19
|
|-
! 20
| align="center" | 22
|  Jules Bianchi
| Marussia-Cosworth
| 53
| +2 kroga
| 21
|
|-
! 21
| align="center" | 23
|  Max Chilton
| Marussia-Cosworth
| 53
| +2 kroga
| 20
|
|-
! Ods
| align="center" | 7
|  Kimi Räikkönen
| Lotus-Renault
| 0
| Trčenje
| 22
|
|-
! colspan=8|Vir:
|}

Sklici in opombe

Formula 1 sezona 2013
2013

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


No longer only the domain of corporate public relations, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has now become a serious concern for many firms and a major sphere of academic research.
Colin Crouch and Camilla MacLean, The Responsible Corporation in a Global Economy, Oxford University Press, 2011, 320pp.
However, most strikingly, by encouraging corporations to play a role in economic governance, particularly at the global level, CSR also raises issues for political science, public policy, and the world of politics as a whole.
Bringing together the academics and practitioners who participated in the The Responsible Corporation in a Global Economy STI Experts Meeting held at Warwick Business School in 2009, this volume examines the increasingly important arena of global economic governance and the role played by major corporations from a diverse range of perspectives. It will be of particular interest to academics, researchers, and students of Business, Political Science, and other social sciences, as well as business practitioners interested in CSR.
Buy it from Oxford University Press (UK) or Oxford University Press (US).


According to a report, Facebook is planning to roll out a feature for Messenger that would allow users to quote and reply to an existing message in chat.
Facebook is reportedly updating Messenger to include the "quote and reply" feature, according to VentureBeat.
The feature would allow users to quote and reply to specific messages in a conversation, which would work the same as it does in Facebook-owned messaging platform WhatsApp.
The quote and reply feature will follow the 'unsend' feature that Facebook recently incorporated into the Messenger.
The unsend feature gives the users the ability to delete the message they have sent for up to 10 minutes. This feature is available for WhatsApp as well.
The quote and reply feature works the same as it does in WhatsApp. You can quote and reply to a text message, picture, GIF, video or even an emoji. Just long press the message and tap 'Reply'.
The new feature brings Facebook Messenger closer to WhatsApp in functionality. Facebook recently announced that it will merge the Messenger, WhatsApp and Instagram. Once merged, users will be able to send messages from one platform to another.
While all three services will continue operating as stand-alone apps, their underlying messaging infrastructure will be unified. As of now, only WhatsApp supports end-to-end encryption by default.


What is a Baltic Porter?
Baltic Porter mixes the malt flavors of English Porters with the restrained roast of German style smoked beer, and adds a higher ABV. It usually has complex aroma and flavour profiles with caramel, chocolate and/or fruits, with no sourness at all. Taste has a roasted touch and a clean lager character, but is much less roasted than an Imperial Stout.
Baltic Porter has its origins in the exports of Porter from the UK to the Baltic Sea countries—Russia, Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia—that started to increase around the 1750's. After 1806, this trade was halted due to the Napoleonic wars that blocked this commercial route, so the supply was cut and breweries started to flourish in the Baltic countries. These breweries adopted the Porter style, but using ingredients available in the Baltic area, replacing British hops and malt for continental ones, and in many cases replacing ale yeast for botton fermenting lager yeast.


Why would you want to do that? That is awesome!
I give you Trump supporters credit. You have given me, a member of what you morons call the liberal elite, a reason to live. Laughing at your knuckle dragging mouthbreathing stupidity cheers me up every day, in these end of times. THANK YOU!
Damnit Gunnar, we are "morans". Get it right, sir.
The orange of that parody is The Battle of New Orleans.


text:
Q: Delayed execution / scheduling with Redis? Any tricks to do delayed task execution (i.e. scheduling) based on Redis?
Perhaps some clever way to delay BLPOP for a given number of seconds?..

A: If you want to do scheduling with redis, i would suggest using sorted set (the z*) commands:
http://code.google.com/p/redis/wiki/SortedSets
what you can do is something like this:
ZADD jobs <unix timestamp of when you want the job to run> <job identifier>

e.g:
ZADD jobs 1291348355

Then, every so often (up to every second) you can pull scheduled jobs that should run (or should have run by now):
ZRANGEBYSCORE jobs -inf, <current unix timestamp>

Boom, you got your jobs to run. Of course, make sure to delete done jobs from the sorted set.

A: You can work with a ring of multiple LISTs that have a time component in their name. As time component you can take the current second (0-59).
You always add tasks to the list for the current second. To get the jobs you do a BLPOP (with low timeout) only on those lists where it is guaranteed, that the content is older than the given number of seconds.
If you work from multiple hosts you have to take care, that the clocks are in sync (NTP).

A: While the @efalcao's answer is a very good one, your question might indicate that redis does not perfectly suit your application needs.
if your application has the nature of a message box, please consider using rabbitMQ, which features delayed messages or akka if you feel bold

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Come celebrating this Lunar New Year 2018 with Royale Restaurant at Mercure Singapore Bugis from 9 February to 2 March 2018. I was invited to food tasting recently to check out their bountiful Lunar New Year buffet feast priced from S$58.00++ per person.
Let me share with you some of the festive highlights from the buffet spread.
Yu Sheng is a must-have dish in every CNY dishes. Diners can have DIY Yu Sheng here with the ready ingredients like crispy fish skin, crushed peanuts, carrot slices and many more. Here's a picture of the ready-made Yu Sheng prepared by the staff for us.
The broth was tad thick and gooey but taste wise was rather bland for my preference. Nevertheless, the ingredients are quite generous.
It has been a while since I last had roasted suckling piglet. It was crispy and sliced in bite-sized pieces for serving.
It was simply addictive with subtle sweetness on the outer layer of the char siew. The charcoal BBQ char siew is made in-house by the chef.
For carbs, check out the Hong Kong style waxed meat rice wrapped in lotus leaf. It is definitely a filling dish.
The local favourite dish- Chili Crab is available with mini mantou served separately. Be sure to grab the mantou to dip with the chilli crab gravy!
For prawn lovers, check out the bouncy prawns coated with crispy cereals.
Bak Kwa is a must-have CNY snacks to have. The ones served here has a well-balanced of sweetness and barbecued taste.
Check out their supreme peanut butter layer cake at the dessert corner. This is perfect for peanut lovers.
Don't forget the traditional snack for the CNY. It would taste even better I can have it while it's warm. The taste would be even better.
Go for osmanthus jelly if you prefer dessert in lighter taste. I enjoyed this especially it helps to cleanse my palate after the buffet spread. It is something light to end the meal.
Read more about Chinese New Year 2018 restaurants here.


text:
About CalCars
Plug-In Hybrids
Proposal: Prepay for Plug-Ins to Save & Transform the Auto Industry
Dec 1, 2008 (From the CalCars-News archive)
CalCars-News
This posting originally appeared at CalCars-News, our newsletter of breaking CalCars and plug-in hybrid news. View the original posting here.
Want more? Become a subscriber to CalCars-News:
INTRO: "How Prepaying for Plug-In Cars Can Save and Transform the Auto Industry" is CalCars' proposal for federal actions in December-January to aid the auto industry. We hope that the concept and perhaps the specifics of this proposal can be incorporated into Congress's response to the "sustainable plans" the carmakers will be bringing to Washington DC. We're continuing to circulate this proposal to non-governmental organizations for possible co-sponsorship, and to people in the auto industry, Congress and in the Presidential transition team. It is followed by notes and background. We're publishing it on CalCars-News and distributing it at the Electric Drive Transportation Association (EDTA) Conference December 2-4 in Washington, DC.
HOW PREPAYING FOR PLUG-IN CARS CAN SAVE AND TRANSFORM THE AUTO INDUSTRY
Congress and the President-Elect have asked Detroit's automakers to come back with a plan. What if that plan, and automakers' credibility, could be based in large part on delivering the fuel-efficient low-emissions plug-in cars people want, using today's technology and today's infrastructure?
We propose a way to give carmakers the cash they need to keep going -- while making sure they devote maximum effort to rapidly transform their companies and their product lines. We build on the breakthrough $7,500+ plug-in tax credits enacted in October -- when the federal government quantified the public benefits of displacing petroleum with cleaner, cheaper, domestic electricity.
Our "end of business as usual" proposal is a multiple win: for car buyers, communities whose plants will stay open, automakers, energy security, and efforts to slow global warming. Here's our plan, followed by some additional explanations:
A FEDERAL "PREPAID PLUG-INS PLAN" FOR A 21ST CENTURY CAR INDUSTRY would give carmakers real targets and quick funds. Here's how it can work:
CARMAKERS PRE-SELL PLUG-INS. They're encouraged to accept $10,000/vehicle deposits on highway-capable PHEVs and EVs with at least 4kWh battery capacity (the minimum for existing tax credits), to be delivered ASAP and NO LATER THAN YEAR-END 2012. The sooner they issue PRELIMINARY specifications and maximum prices, the sooner they become eligible to collect prepayments. Any carmaker that wants to receive loan guarantees beginning in January 2009 must commit by year-end 2008 to have at least one eligible plug-in vehicle for sale by the end of 2010 in volumes greater than 10,000.
INDIVIDUAL CAR BUYERS get a 100% refundable federal tax credit on their $10K prepayments.
FLEET BUYERS get 100% refundable federal tax credits. (Public fleets receive 100% grants.)
U.S. GOVERNMENT The level of loans guarantees to carmakers is based on the volume of prepayments received by each carmaker. Government also provides bonus payments to automakers for every plug-in vehicle delivered by year-end 2012 -- large incentives in 2010, declining in later years. Deposits with carmakers that don't deliver by 2012 become debt to U.S.
CONVERSIONS are included in tax incentives to consumers and automakers for safe and reliable plug-in retrofits of existing internal combustion engine vehicles.
THE PROGRAM AND THE MATH: We aim to enlist five million pre-purchasers. At an average of $10,000, this will generate $50 billion for carmakers. Buyers will get the money back in less than a year via tax credits. Credits for deposits made by 4/15/09 can be counted for the 2008 tax year.
OUR IMMEDIATE GOAL: To get buy-in on this concept -- or some variant of it -- so it's on the agenda of automakers, Congress and the incoming administration. This can happen if ANY ONE OF THESE PARTIES steps up in the next few weeks.
This is an outgrowth of the "fleet moratorium" idea by Steve Marshall of the Cascadia Institute and Denis Hayes of the Bullitt Foundation plus CalCars (see the second half of "Can Fleets Help Rescue Auto Industry? Four Actions Could Make a Difference" at CalCars-News). It also reflects strategic thinking by Craig Lewis, VP of Government Relations at GreenVolts and formative member of Clean Tech for Obama. Please consider endorsing it on behalf of your company or organization; send us comments or request a PDF version; and by all means forward the proposal.
ISSUES TO BE RESOLVED:
How does this connect to the $7,500 already available to the first 250,000 purchasers?
We need an adjustment mechanism for buyers of vehicles whose specifications/price change significantly from when they were prepaid to when they become available.
This program can be oriented to automakers that most need support if the incentives they receive include small levels of government equity.
A possible parallel program that would expedite the initiative is a federal "feebate." This revenue-neutral measure will incentivize high-MPG vehicles in multiple vehicle classes and disincentivize gas-guzzlers, while having no impact on most mid-range MPG cars.
WHY ARE CAR SALES FALLING? Not just because of the economic crisis. The more Americans hear that better cars are on the way, the more individuals and fleets will be reluctant to commit to inefficient vehicles whose resale value may fall quickly because they run only on price-volatile, polluting fossil fuels. We can harness these impulses.
WHAT ARE TIMING ISSUES FOR CARMAKERS TO SURVIVE LONG ENOUGH TO
EVOLVE? The low-carbon, high-MPG plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs) they want to sell are two to four long years away from mass production. General Motors says it plans to electrify its whole fleet, beginning with the Volt and the Vue in 2010-2011. Chrysler CEO Robert Nardelli says choices must be made -- so he's focusing on electricity. Chrysler plans to build one of three "production-intent" plug-in prototypes. Ford has PHEV prototypes of its Escape hybrid; Bill Ford has talked with President-Elect Obama about support on electrification. But Ford Motor Company plans no plug-in production until 2015. At this rate, vehicles won't arrive soon enough to save the auto industry -- let alone U.S. industrial leadership or the climate.
WHY NOT ENLIST THE AMERICAN PUBLIC'S BUYING POWER? We're inspired by how Americans rose to past challenges: We raised $17 billion Liberty Bonds in two years in World War I. And 85 million Americans bought $185 billion in War Bonds during World War II. Especially since dollars back then were worth over ten times more than now, our proposal is small in comparison.
WHO WILL PUT DOWN $10K IN ADVANCE? The proposal challenges automakers to explain, market, and promote plug-ins as energetically -- and urgently -- as they have other vehicles. Plug-in advocates will pitch in. It requires having cash on hand, but telling buyers they'll get the prepayment back in a tax credit within months will help. Auto industry supporters are prime candidates.
FLEETS ARE ALREADY CONSIDERING PURCHASES: The November 14, 2008 Wall Street Journal reports, Hey, Auto Industry, Need a Jump? Utilities Consider Buying Electric Cars "to put weight behind development and, perhaps, persuade Congress to give the auto industry the assistance it needs." (Find the story at CalCars-News). Auto rental/car sharing companies are other likely candidates.
HOW DO CONVERSIONS FIT INTO THE PICTURE? Retrofits will speed plug-in market penetration beyond new cars; even "partially electrified" vehicles will significantly reduce fossil fuel use. They will provide revenues to carmakers for vehicles they've already sold. And they will create local green retrofitter/installer jobs. Both independent companies and carmakers partnering with third party QVMs (Qualified Vehicle Modifiers) can participate in conversion businesses.
Copyright © 2003-08 California Cars Initiative, an activity of the International Humanities Center | Site Map

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Option 3: Skate through the pattern, forward, with a puck. Add shot at the end.
Option 4: Skate through the pattern with a puck, pivoting backward as diagrammed. Add shot at the end.
NOTE: make sure players are alternating lines so they develop stops and starts in both directions.


When engineers look at security, a topic they should know about is Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) and why offshore oil and gas networks need to use it if they want to be secure.
Let me give some context. You know the critical systems managing production and safety on offshore platforms are largely based on legacy SCADA and Industrial Control System (ICS) products and protocols. Many of these products are decades old and were never designed with security in mind.
People like Dale Petersen and his Basecamp team have made an industry out of showing just how vulnerable these devices really are. Unfortunately these same systems are now connected to external systems using Ethernet and TCP/IP. That has been great for efficiency, but it exposes mission critical production systems to malware.
Given the 20-year lifecycle common for industrial systems, it will be many years before more secure SCADA and ICS devices and protocols are in widespread use. This leaves the thousands of legacy platform control systems open to attack from even the most inexperienced hacker, who can then disable or destroy most industrial controllers.
The difficulty with legacy SCADA/ICS protocols is they have no granularity. To the average security device, a data read message looks exactly like a firmware update message.
Thus if you allow data read messages from an HMI to a PLC to pass through a traditional firewall, you are also allowing programming messages to pass through. This is a serious security issue.
You are faced with an impossible choice — keep the messages flowing that make the system run, but expose it to attacks, or block everything out. Since shutting systems down is not an option, accepting high risk has been the course taken by many. In a post-Macondo (Deepwater Horizon) world, this is not acceptable.
What can an engineer do? There is a solution.
The solution is to find a firewall that can dig deep into industrial protocols to understand the purpose of a message. This is beyond the capability of IT firewalls and is called Deep Packet Inspection.
Here's how it works: After applying traditional firewall rules, the DPI firewall inspects the content of messages and applies more detailed rules. For example, it determines if a message is a read or a write message and then drops all write messages.
In addition, good DPI firewalls can also "sanity check" traffic for strangely formatted messages or unusual behaviors (such as 10,000 reply messages in response to a single request message). These sorts of abnormal messages can indicate traffic created by a hacker trying to crash a PLC and users need to block them.
Tofino's Eric Byres said five years ago DPI would have been a "nice-to-have" capability. However, today's generation of worms and advanced threats make it a "must-have" technology if you want a secure SCADA or ICS system.
The reason is that today's malware designers and attackers know firewalls and intrusion detection systems will spot the use of an unusual protocol instantly. They know if the protocols on a network are normally HTTP (i.e. web browsing), Modbus and MS-SQL (i.e. database queries) then the sudden appearance of a new protocol like FTP will put the smart system administrator on his or her guard.
Even if you suspected something was wrong, you would be stuck if all you had was a normal firewall. The simple blocking of all Modbus traffic would impact production. Without deep packet inspection, (i.e. tools to inspect the contents of messages and block suspicious traffic), your hands would end up tied.
Certainly DPI is not a silver bullet for security – no technology is.
Heather MacKenzie is with Tofino Security, a Belden company. Click here to read the full version of the Practical SCADA Security blog.


Why Not Natural…When It's Effective & Affordable?
A healthy diet shows in your skin… fruits and vegetables literally nourish your body inside and out. So why don't we pay more attention to the products we use on our skin?
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"Your skin is the largest organ of you body. What you apply to it should be safe enough to eat since you will absorb it into your system, just like food. If you are using chemical based (non-organic) make-up, peels, lotions, and sunscreens you are adding chemicals to your body on a consistent basis. In some individuals this can lead to rashes, chemical sensitivity and/or stress on your liver and detox system," states LiveWell's Dr. Nicole Ortiz.
Jadranka used Juice Beauty's anti-aging products on me with ingredients like apple, lemon, and grapes along with "age-defying" peptides, coenzyme Q10 and vitamin antioxidants. I could feel the active ingredients (natural enzymes) in the pumpkin and green apple which created a tingling feeling when heated. The smells were mouth-watering.
My hour treatment included exfoliation, extraction, hydration, massage and misting. And with Jadranka's guidance, I was sold on the idea of using natural skin care products. When finished, my smiling face truly felt like a shiny green apple.
I took home the Juice Beauty 'Organics to Go' package which included a 30 day supply of cleansing milk, green apple peel, antioxidant serum, nutrient moisturizer and hydrating mist spray….all for $29. I couldn't believe the prices for FDA certified organic products… and I love them!
If you are looking for a natural skin care option, I strongly recommend a facial with Jadranka to try the Juice Beauty products. There are several lines for different skin types that range in price from $29 to $65. (www.JuiceBeauty.com) Jadranka offers a variety of facials starting at $60.
For more information or to book your appointment, call the LiveWell Clinic at 760.771.5970.


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Q: Using WPF validation I have a dialog in my project that the user enters some values in and when he hits OK I add an item to my database. I am using Entity Framework, so my adding to database code is something like this:
TransactionItem _item = new TransactionItem();
                _item.DoctorID = (int)cmbDoctor.SelectedValue;
                _item.TransactionCategoryID = (int)_dlg.cmbCat.SelectedValue;
                _item.TransactionMethodID = (int)_dlg.cmbMethod.SelectedValue;
                _item.Amount = int.Parse(_dlg.txtAmount.Text);
                _item.DocumentID = _dlg.txtDocNum.Text;
                _item.Info = _dlg.txtInfo.Text;
                _item.Date = _dlg.dteDate.SelectedDate.ToString();
                _db.TransactionItems.Add(_item);
                _db.SaveChanges();

But the problem is there is nothing to bind and enable validating. I have tried making an empty object in my window and bind text box to it, but it had its own problems and didn't work as expected. I just want to when users enter values or when he hits OK, check if all of fields are valid (for example one of problems was if the user didn't enter any value, it is still valid even though the stringnotnull validator is enabled, but the most important problem was that it automatically set the textbox's text to null and mark it as a null value).
And I have made my own validator and here is a example of how I implemented them on one of my textboxes:
<TextBox Name="txtAmount" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="23" Margin="83,169,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="224" Tag="T">
    <TextBox.Text>
        <Binding  Path="myitem" ElementName="myWindow" UpdateSourceTrigger="PropertyChanged">
            <Binding.ValidationRules>
                <Validators:StringNullValidationRule/>
                <Validators:IsNumericValidationRule/>
            </Binding.ValidationRules>
        </Binding>
    </TextBox.Text>
</TextBox>

A: Why don't you create a property in your viewmodel for each value the user needs to enter, and bind to it? Then you could use these properties when adding an item. For example:
ViewModel:
public int Amount { get; set; }

...

public void AddItem()
{
    TransactionItem _item = new TransactionItem();

    // ...

    _item.Amount = Amount;
}

XAML:
<TextBox Name="txtAmount" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="23" Margin="83,169,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="224" Tag="T">
    <TextBox.Text>
        <Binding Path="DataContext.Amount" ElementName="myWindow">
            <Binding.ValidationRules>
                <Validators:StringNullValidationRule/>
                <Validators:IsNumericValidationRule/>
            </Binding.ValidationRules>
        </Binding>
    </TextBox.Text>
</TextBox>

I also recommend having a look at the INotifyDataErrorInfo interface (or the IDataErrorInfo interface if you're using .NET 4.0 or lower) to implement validations.

A: Use the IDataErrorInfo interface. You can implement it in your ViewModel or your Model class depending on your design. An example of how you can do it is in WPF: Validation made easy with IDataErrorInfo.
And I recommend you read this great Josh Smith article: WPF Apps With The Model-View-ViewModel Design Pattern. There you can see a good example of validation.


text:
package com.ysu.zyw.tc.base.tools;

/**
 * tristate implements.
 *
 * @author yaowu.zhang
 */
public enum TcTristate {

    TRUE, FALSE, NONE

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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When buying platinum rings for men online, there are a few essential concepts to learn. First and foremost, congratulations! You have selected the best metal to symbolize your commitment and love. This is the wisest decision you have made about your wedding [besides choosing your spouse!] - Here are a few things to keep in mind about this noble metal.
Before purchasing a ring, you should understand the special characteristics of the metal. First, platinum is a very rare and precious metal, much rarer than gold. In fact, platinum occurs at only 50 parts per billion on Earth. Platinum is dense and boasts a brilliant white luster. All of the rings we sell are alloyed with small amounts of other metals. Here are a few reasons why platinum is often combined with other metals. Platinum is one of the more malleable, or softer, of the metal types used in jewelry. When it is alloyed with a stiffer metal, such as ruthenium or cobalt, it will improve the longevity of the platinum.
When shopping for a ring, you should always check to see the metal fineness or purity. Alloyed rings have a small number located on the inner part of the band. The number, or fineness mark, indicates the platinum to alloy ratio. For example, a ring with a hallmark of PT950 or 950PT means the ring is composed of 95% platinum and 5% other metals. The higher the platinum content, the higher the price.
The purity of the ring may be a deciding factor for many shoppers and can be a good way to narrow things down when looking for the best deal. Contrary to what you might think, pure platinum rings are not desirable. They are more susceptible to scratches, dents and bending. These rings will also be more costly.
Wedding rings come in a variety of styles. Gone are the days of plain bands. Today's platinum wedding band comes in such designs as beveled, flat, domed, milgrain, and more. In fact, wedding rings can feature diamonds, gemstones, and hand carved inlays. These beautiful embellishments can add a touch of beauty and elegance to any commitment.
When selecting rings for your wedding, Joy Jewelers offers a wide array of options. Find the perfect band for your love story with our high-quality platinum rings in various styles.
Platinum is naturally white all the way through. Unlike white gold, platinum never requires plating. But please note, all platinum jewelry will develop a patina over time. This patina is the natural result of the ring's exposure to air. Many people consider the patina to be a beautiful tribute to the passage of time and the growth of their relationship with their loved ones. But if you don't like the patina, any jeweler can quicky polish the surface of your ring to restore it to its original bright white luster.


text:
search filter All ContentAll ProceedingsAmerican Rock Mechanics AssociationU.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium
Latest Conference
VISIT ARMA
Paper Number
Formation Evaluation & Management (3)
Drillstem/well testing (1)
Hydraulic Fracturing (8)
Multistage fracturing (1)
Improved and Enhanced Recovery (1)
Thermal methods (1)
Reservoir Characterization (13)
Exploration, development, structural geology (3)
Faults and fracture characterization (1)
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Seismic processing and interpretation (3)
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Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs (3)
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R. Suarez-Rivera
Optimizing Pressure History Matching With Ultra-Fast and High-Fidelity Hydraulic Fracture Simulations: Defining Fluid Friction Factors and Global Trends of Minimum Tectonic Strain and Fluid Leakoff
P. S. Dharwadkar, D. S. Sassen, C. Quinn, R. Suarez-Rivera
Publisher: American Rock Mechanics Association
Paper presented at the 55th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium, June 18–25, 2021
Paper Number: ARMA-2021-1627
ABSTRACT: This study demonstrates the complementary use two hydraulic fracturing models, ultra-fast and high-fidelity, to speed-up pressure history matching of field treatment data for a 2 well, 10 stage zipper sequence without compromising accuracy. Values of key parameters for field calibration are resolved using the ultra-fast model, by minimizing the error in ISIP for all wells and all stages, and transferred to the high-fidelity model, where a reduced number of stages may be analyzed, resulting in both models matching field observations of ISIP to within 10% without stage by stage calibration. While the standard practice has been to match a selected number of stages, the proliferation of multistage/multiwell stimulations require models to account for complex stress shadow interactions. This is accomplished with the ultra-fast model, while high-fidelity modeling confirms the validity of the parameters provided by the ultra-fast optimization on selected stages. The two models can thus be calibrated simultaneously, with the same amount of redundancy and the same range of variability of these controlling parameters, without the penalty of impractical computational time. In this work, simulating 10 in the high-fidelity simulator takes17 hours while the same simulation takes under 1 minute using the ultra-fast simulator. Without this scale of time savings, parametric optimization would be unrealistic. An additional benefit of the error minimization is the evaluation of fluid friction factors for the fluids used in the pumping schedule and the accurate prediction of pipe friction. 1. Introduction Hydraulic fracture modeling has become an integral part of development planning throughout unconventional plays around the world. Given the direct relationship between productive fracture surface area and well productivity described by Suarez-Rivera et al. 2016, methodologies to maximize propped, connected fracture surface area have become an essential part of the development planning toolkit. Numerous products are available to help guide operators and completions engineers toward the most effective stimulation designs and serve the function of maximizing propped, connected surface area in a given well. Some of these tools also allow for multi-well development scenarios that consider the time- and sequence-dependent nature of field operations. These tools have unique characteristics but in general require geo-mechanical and petrophysical inputs, most often derived from well logs.
Induced Fracturing During Coring and Core Retrieval in Unconventional Reservoirs
P. Xing, R. Suarez-Rivera, E. Dontsov
Paper presented at the 54th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium, June 28–July 1, 2020
Induced fractures during coring and core retrieval are common and widely observed occurrence in unconventional core. In unconventional reservoirs, the mechanism generating these fractures result from complex interactions between the layered and heterogeneous rock fabric, their contrasting properties between layers, their low permeability, and the loadings imposed during coring and retrieval. In this paper, we analyze the dominant mechanisms inducing fractures during coring and core retrieval in unconventional reservoir rocks, using finite element numerical analysis that couples fluid flow and mechanical deformation via standard poro-elastic mechanics. Results of failure analysis during coring indicates that centerline fractures in layered mudstones are promoted by the presence of rock anisotropy and layers with strong contrasting properties (hard/soft couplets). Results of failure analysis during core retrieval indicates that the risk of core damage during tripping is higher for overpressure reservoirs than for normally pressured reservoirs. Results also show that this risk can be minimized by reducing the core retrieval rate (500 to 1500 ft/hr based on the conditions used in this paper) and by reducing the overbalance. To facilitate the use of these results to coring operations, we define dimensionless equations that incorporates multiple modelling parameters, to define the critical retrieval speed above which the core will be damaged. We also provide field examples to compare them with the simulation results. 1. INTRODUCTION Induced fractures during coring and core retrieval are common and widely observed occurrence in unconventional cores. There are many researchers that investigated the occurrence of these fractures, as detailed in Kulander and Dean, 2003, and Jaeger and Cook, 1963. The most common coring-induced fractures can be classified, based on their shapes, as disking, petal and centerline fractures (Lorenz and Cooper, 2018). In unconventional reservoirs, additional coring-induced mechanisms result from the complex interactions between the thinly layered rock fabric, the strong contrast in properties between layers, and the overall heterogeneous nature of unconventional rocks, including their varying properties, their low permeability, and the varying loadings imposed during coring and retrieval.
An Equivalent Representation of Multiple Hydraulic Fractures With a Fewer Number of Fractures for Reservoir Modeling
E. V. Dontsov, R. Suarez-Rivera
A typical hydraulic fracturing stage consists of several perforation clusters through which fluid is pumped and multiple hydraulic fractures are created simultaneously. Explicit modeling of each fracture can be time consuming, and thus becomes a limiting factor for multi-well multi-stage computations. In addition, it is commonly assumed that a single hydraulic fracture emanates from each cluster. Field observations of coring through stimulated rock, however, demonstrate that many more hydraulic fractures are generated than the number of perforation clusters. Both problems can be effectively addressed by utilizing the concept of equivalent fracturing, in which the system of simultaneously growing fractures is represented by a reduced number of equivalent fractures. The remaining question is what happens with reservoir modeling, or how to perform reservoir modeling using the equivalent fractures. To address the challenge, this paper aims to develop and test the procedure for using the concept of equivalent fracturing for reservoir modeling, such that the final result is practically independent on the number of the equivalent fractures used to represent the original configuration. In particular, we use ultrafast hydraulic fracturing simulator coupled with the reservoir depletion model and present a series of numerical examples for multi-well multi-stage configurations. 1. INTRODUCTION Hydraulic fracturing is a technique that enables operators to effectively access hydrocarbons from tight shale formations by pumping pressurized fluid with proppant to create high conductivity pathways in the rock [1]. Typically, multiple horizontal wells are drilled near each other forming a pad, see e.g. [2,3]. The wells are fractured in stages which are often alternated between wells. Several tens of stages are often pumped per well. Each stage consisting of multiple perforation clusters, as many as 15, that are spaced tens of feet apart. Each perforation cluster has several perforations, through which fluid enters the rock formation. It is not absolutely clear how many hydraulic fractures are created from each stage. Traditional modeling assumes that a single hydraulic fracture emanates from each perforation cluster. However, several field experiments have demonstrated that more hydraulic fractures are generated than the number of clusters [4,5,6,7]. One of the challenges of hydraulic fracture modeling is to describe the fracturing processes occurring underground given the enormous number of fractures, reaching the scale of thousands. Clearly, explicit modeling of each of the fracture, while very useful to model several stages, is less effective at the pad scale. To deal with the problem, the concept of equivalent fractures is introduced [8]. In this concept, a system of simultaneously growing sub-parallel hydraulic fractures is represented with a reduced number of fractures. This process can be interpreted as upscaling of the system of fractures. The purpose of this procedure is two-fold. Firstly, it allows us to significantly reduce computational time by reducing the total number of fractures and to make it possible to perform hydraulic fracture simulations on the pad level, i.e. multi-well developments with several hundreds of stages. Secondly, it makes it possible to implicitly account for fracture branching and swarming as observed in field experiments [4,5,6,7].
Finite-Element Simulations of Hydraulic Fracture Height Growth on Layered Mudstones with Weak Interfaces
S. Rho, S. Noynaert, A. P. Bunger, N. Zolfaghari, P. Xing, B. Abell, R. Suarez-Rivera
Paper presented at the 51st U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium, June 25–28, 2017
ABSTRACT: Numerical simulations of hydraulic fracture (HF) propagation through layered rocks show the effects of rock layering and interfaces on fracture height growth. When the contrast in properties between adjacent rock layers is high and abrupt, the resulting interface between these layers is often weak, exhibiting low tensile strength, low friction coefficient, and high hydraulic conductivity. Thus, they easily detach (in tension) and slip (in shear), as the hydraulic fracture crosses them, creating localized obstacles for fracture propagation as well as localized zones of fluid loss. Numerical simulations were conducted using the newly-implemented pore pressure cohesive elements as certain predefined hydraulic fracture and interface opening paths in ABAQUS 2016. To validate the model and for comparison we conducted simulations on elastically-homogeneous and elastically-layered rocks and, for the latter, we used a range of tensile strength and fluid flow properties at the interfaces between layers, to understand their impact on vertical hydraulic fracture (height) growth. Our results show a systematic decrease in fracture height and fracturing fluid efficiency with increasing interface hydraulic conductivity. This relationship is important because of its potential impact on improving fracture diagnostics in the field. We also observe that the interface strength directly affects fracture height growth as well as fluid efficiency. These findings are important for a proper assessment of fracture height growth, a better assessment of the created fracture surface area, and better predictions of well production.
Practical Laboratory Methods for Pore Volume Compressibility Characterization in Different Rock Types
M.A. Chertov, R. Suarez-Rivera
Paper presented at the 48th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium, June 1–4, 2014
Abstract Existing laboratory methodologies for characterizing the pore volume compressibility of rocks are summarized. Special emphasis is placed on the two most common in the industry pore volume compressibility tests—uniaxial strain pore pressure depletion tests and uniaxial strain effective stress loading tests. We carefully overviewed a rigorous mathematical description of uniaxial deformation of porous rocks implemented in these tests, derivation of pore volume compressibility coefficients from stress-strain data, and assumptions made in these models. Many industry-relevant porous rocks demonstrate nonlinear stress-strain behavior. As a practical workflow for characterization of pore volume compressibility, we propose using piecewise linear approximations of loading diagrams with constant compressibility coefficients. The linearized model provides a suitable description of nonlinear rock response within certain limited intervals of loading trajectory. For the correct use of established pore volume compressibility properties in applications, it is important to validate that predictions are made for the equivalent loading paths, stress, and pressure levels as used in the linearization intervals. Several examples of mechanical rock behavior were considered, focusing on the end-member cases of high- and low-grain compressibility compared with bulk compressibility. We also discussed implications of some rock microstructures, including mudstones, on mechanical properties, to provide a reference for better interpretation of real rock behavior.
Failure of Shales under Triaxial Compressive Stress
J. Ambrose, R.W. Zimmerman, R. Suarez-Rivera
Abstract Some rocks, such as shales, are highly anisotropic in their mechanical behavior. In such rocks, the value of the maximum principal stress that causes shear failure depends not only on the confining stress, but also on the angle ß between the maximum principal stress and the normal vector to the bedding plane. Triaxial compression experiments were carried out on two types of organic-rich mudstones at different bedding angles ß and confining pressures s 3 . Two triaxial compression datasets from experiments and 10 datasets from the literature were fit to the Pariseau and the Jaeger plane-of-weakness (JPW) models. Results show that Pariseau's model is more accurate for 10 of the 12 anisotropic rocks, whereas the JPW model is more accurate for the other two rocks, which were both rocks that had a low degree of strength anisotropy. Post-test examination of computerized tomography (CT) and thin-section images shows that for highly laminated organic-rich shales, there is a transition regime of angles ß lying between angles of about 10° ß <35°, wherein the failure surface follows an irregular path that may jump between the weak plane and intact rock. In this regime, the strength of the rock is lower than the strength predicted by the JPW model.
Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Heterogeneous Rock Hydraulic Fracturing
S. Stanchits, J. Burghardt, A. Surdi, E. Edelman, R. Suarez-Rivera
Abstract In this paper, the results of laboratory studies of hydraulic fracture in homogeneous sandstone blocks with man-made interfaces and heterogeneous shale blocks with weak natural interfaces are reported. Tests were conducted under similar stress conditions, with fluids of different viscosity and at different injection rates. The measurements and analysis allows the identification of fracture initiation and behavior. Fracturing with high viscosity fluids resulted in stable fracture propagation initiated before breakdown, while fracturing with low viscosity fluids resulted in unstable fracture propagation initiated almost simultaneously with breakdown. Analysis also allows us to measure the fluid volume entering the fracture and the fracture volume. Monitoring of Acoustic Emission (AE) hypocenter localizations, indicates the development of created fractured area including the intersection with interfaces, fluid propagation along interfaces, crossing interfaces, and approaching the boundaries of the block. We observe strong differences in hydraulic fracture behavior, fracture geometry and fracture propagation speed, when fracturing with water and high viscosity fluids. We also observed distinct differences between sandstone blocks and shale blocks, when a certain P-wave velocity ray path is intersected by the hydraulic fracture. The velocity increases in sandstones and decreases in shale.
Geomechanics Considerations for Hydraulic Fracture Productivity
R. Suarez-Rivera, J. Burghardt, E. Edelman, S. Stanchits, A. Surdi
Paper Number: ARMA-2013-666
Abstract: Well productivity in unconventional reservoirs depends on contacting good reservoir quality rock with sufficient surface area, via hydraulic fracturing, and more importantly on preserving surface area and fracture conductivity over long-term production. Thus, understanding the created fracture system is fundamental for understanding well production. In this paper we present fracture propagation experiments on texturally complex, organic-rich, tight shale outcrop blocks of the Niobrara formation. After hydraulically fracturing the block we conducted unpropped fracture conductivity measurements under changing closure stress. Subsequently we re-fractured the block with proppant laden slick water. When the desired amount of sand was transported and just before screening out, we stopped proppant injection and conducted fracture conductivity measurements on the propped fracture. These measurements of propped and unpropped fracture conductivity were compared to corresponding measurements on small samples. Results show that the larger fractures, whether propped or unpropped, retain higher fracture conductivity with increasing stress. We also observe substantial fracture complexity associated with the textural complexity in the rock. As a result there is substantial variability in the concentration and distribution of the proppant in the fracture. Post-test analysis allowed us to describe the fractured system as consisting of four easily identifiable regions: the wellbore, the connection between the wellbore and the fracture system, the near-wellbore fracture, and the far-wellbore fracture network. Understanding the role of each of these regions to hydrocarbon production helps identifying the often competing causes of production decline over time. Results show that the requirements for optimizing hydrocarbon flow in these four regions are different, but reasonable compromises can be made to sustain production from the overall fracture system.
Field-scale Geomechanical Characterization of the Haynesville Shale
A.E. Rodriguez-Herrera, R. Suarez-Rivera, D. Handwerger, S. Herring, K. Stevens, S. Marino, D. Paddock, L. Sonneland, M. Haege
Abstract: In this paper we describe the use of a Heterogeneous Earth Model (HEM) for field scale geomechanical modeling of a large region with seismic, well-log, and core data in the Haynesville shale. Results are used to ascertain the distribution of completion quality across the play by means of geomechanical modeling based on core-measured properties propagated to the seismic-scale. The development of the HEM is a topic of another paper, also submitted to this conference. In that, we explain with sufficient detail, the integration of core, log and seismic data and the comprehensive laboratory characterization that is necessary for populating the geomechanical model. In this paper, we start by uploading the HEM geometry model and the distribution of material properties, to a large scale finite element model (FEM). We impose boundary conditions to realistically represent the overburden and lateral stresses. Multiple measurements of the minimum horizontal stress (from mini-frac measurements) are used to constrain the boundary conditions and to ascertain a good match between the stresses resulting from the imposed boundary conditions, and the measured values. The finite element model helps us evaluating the distribution of stress magnitudes and orientations resulting from the realistic geologic and tectonic setting as well as the overburden loading. Results allow us to address the importance of understanding the vertical and lateral variability in properties and the corresponding variability of stress (magnitude and direction). Results have strong implications on well placement for hydraulic fracturing and wellbore stability applications.
Development of a Heterogeneous Earth Model in Unconventional Reservoirs, for Early Assessment of Reservoir Potential
R. Suarez-Rivera, D. Handwerger, A. Rodriguez Herrera, S. Herring, K. Stevens, D. Geir Vaaland, H. Borgos, S. Marino, D. Paddock
Abstract: In this paper, we describe a large effort to develop an integrated Heterogeneous Earth Model for a large region of the Haynesville play. The work includes a comprehensive geologic and petrologic study, based on the evaluation of multiple cores, analysis of a large number of well logs in the region and integration with seismic data. The work also includes extensive characterization of mechanical, geochemical and reservoir properties via laboratory testing. The result is a model that scales seismic data with log data, and with core data, based on fundamental measurements that respond to changes in texture and composition at these various scales. Results provide the volumetric distribution of rock classes or regions with similar and dissimilar texture and composition. This classification defines the geometric heterogeneity of the system. Results also provide rock physics models for propagating measured properties on core samples to measured log data and seismic data. Thus continuous distributions of all core measured properties are possible at the log scale and also at the seismic scale. The advantage of integration with measured properties on core is that we can populate the model with necessary complex properties not otherwise independently obtainable from seismic data alone. For example, anisotropic elastic properties, anisotropic strength, creep, organic content, hydrocarbon filled porosity, rock fluid sensitivity, and others. The distribution of this array of relevant properties to each rock class, allows us to evaluate the real distribution of reservoir quality and completion quality in the region, and assess the variability in reservoir potential. This information is fundamental for early exploration and for the effective planning of field development.
Monitoring the Early Onset of Hydraulic Fracture Initiation by Acoustic Emission and Volumetric Deformation Measurements
S. Stanchits, A. Surdi, P. Gathogo, E. Edelman, R. Suarez-Rivera
Abstract: In this paper, the results of laboratory studies of fracture initiation, early propagation and breakdown are reported. Three experiments were conducted on a low permeability sandstone block, loaded in a poly-axial test frame, to representative effective in-situ stress conditions. The blocks were instrumented with Acoustic Emission (AE) and volumetric deformation sensors. In two experiments fluids of different viscosity were injected into the wellbore, fluid injection was interrupted soon after the breakdown pressure had been reached. This allowed us to investigate hydraulic fracture initiation. In the third test fracture initiation criteria were applied to stop hydraulic fracture propagation significantly earlier, prior to breakdown, and as it propagated a short distance from the wellbore. Analysis of AE results shows an increase in AE activity and a change in the AE spatial correlation, during the fracture initiation. This early stage of fracturing correlates strongly with the onset of rock volumetric deformation, and is confirmed by the analysis of ultrasonic transmission monitoring. The rock micro-structure, after the test, was investigated by analysis of SEM images. These indicated the development of leak-off zone near the wellbore and a dry hydraulic fracture at the farther distance from the wellbore.
Textural and Compositional Heterogeneity of Tight Shales at the Micro-Scale
J. Schieber, S. Green, R. Suarez-Rivera, M. Mastalerz
Abstract: How a mud becomes rock and what controls its physical properties is encoded in the fine scale microscopic details of its constituents. These details are analyzed via high resolution SEM imaging over multiple length scales of shale components (fecal pellets, silt streaks, etc.) and fine-scale stratification (sub-mm to mm scale). Shale cores are further characterized through continuous measurement of physical properties at mm resolution (quantitative geologic analysis), to acquire a data volume sensitive to changes in texture and composition. The process permits differentiation of core intervals with unique characteristics, designated as shale microfacies, and sampled, at the microfacies level, for high resolution imaging and analysis. Examination of argon ion milled areas of approximately 5 mm by 5 mm size allows us to overcome the contextual limitations of traditional SEM study of shales, where typical observation footprints range from of 50 to 100 µm in size. The combination of quantitative geologic analysis, measurement driven identification of shale microfacies, and multi-millimeter size SEM imaging represents a quantitative approach to the intrinsic variability of tight shales. The method is applicable independent of the core section available, and lets us carry forward high resolution property associations to other locations of a core where the same microfacies exist.
Continuous Core Thermal Properties Measurements and Analysis
Y. Popov, A. Parshin, E. Chekhonin, E. Popov, D. Miklashevskiy, R. Suarez-Rivera, S. Green
Abstract: A new technique has been developed for non-contact, optical scanning, of rock cores to provide simultaneous, continuous, high resolution, and precision measurements for evaluation of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and volumetric heat capacity. The technique is rapid and does not damage the core. New and valuable information from the continuous thermal scanning are the direct measurement of thermal heterogeneity and thermal anisotropy. The measured thermal heterogeneity reflects variations in rock fabric and composition (mineral, organic content and pore fluids) that also drive the variability of other rock properties (e.g., porosity, permeability, cementing, particle contact, saturation, etc). Measurements of continuous thermal properties and thermal heterogeneity provide a direct indication about scale dependence, and the variability in thermal properties from the millimeter scale to the length of the core (hundreds of meters or feet). The measurements help also identifying thermal behavior of rock classes defined at the core and log scale. The application of this new technique contributes to rapid reservoir thermal characterization and subsequent modeling. It provides a workflow for evaluating reservoir thermal conditions, thermal losses, mass transfer in the reservoir, and the overall efficiency of recovery methods.
Rock Heterogeneity From Thermal Profiles Using an Optical Scanning Technique
Yu Popov, A. Parshin, E. Chekhonin, D. Gorobtsov, D. Miklashevskiy, D. Korobkov, R. Suarez-Rivera, S. Green
ABSTRACT: The optical scanning (OS) technique and instrumentation has been developed for continuous high-resolution, noncontact profiling of rock heterogeneity and simultaneous measurements of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and, as a result, volumetric heat capacity of rock samples. The OS technique is based on scanning a sample surface with two (for heterogeneity and thermal conductivity profiling) or three (for simultaneous profiling and thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity measurements) infrared temperature sensors in combination with continuously operated, concentrated optical heat source . The OS technique provides for determining the principal values of thermal conductivity and diffusivity tensor components from scanning along two (for 2D anisotropy) or three (for 3D anisotropy) directions for anisotropic rocks. Spatial resolution on rock heterogeneity profiling was determined to be approximately 0.2 mm. Other merits of the new technique include freedom from constraints for sample size (1 to 80 cm sample length) and shape and quality of mechanical treatment of the sample surface, a contactless measurements mode that provides high-quality experimental data, short time of the measurement for each sample, ability to measure on a flat or cylindrical sample surface, and the possibility for measuring full-size cores and core plugs. 1. INTRODUCTION The thermal properties of rocks are the key properties required to understand the thermal processes in formations. The thermal conductivity (TC), ?, parameter specifies how easily heat can pass through a formation during formation heating or cooling. The thermal diffusivity characterizes the propagation rate of the temperature front within the media during thermal transient processes. Volumetric heat capacity is the quantity of heat energy that is necessary to heat 1 m3 of material by 1 K. The thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity (TD), a , and volumetric heat capacity (VHC), C , are interconnected by the formula aC = ?.
Acoustic Emission And Ultrasonic Transmission Monitoring of Hydraulic Fracture Propagation In Heterogeneous Rock Samples
S. Stanchits, A. Surdi, E. Edelman, R. Suarez-Rivera
ABSTRACT: The effect of preexisting discontinuities on hydraulic fracture propagation in low permeability sandstone blocks was studied by means of Acoustic Emission (AE) and Ultrasonic Transmission (UT) techniques. The blocks were loaded in a polyaxial test frame to representative effective in-situ stress conditions. We used rock samples with saw cut discontinuities oriented orthogonally to the expected direction of fracture propagation. Hydraulic fracturing was initiated by injection of silicon oil or glycerin into a borehole drilled offset from the center of the block. Detailed analysis of combined AE localizations and UT results allowed identification of various stages of hydraulic fracturing, including initiation, interaction with the preexisting interface, propagation away from the interface, and closure of the fracture. It has been found that the onset of borehole pressure breakdown closely correlates to the time when the hydraulic fracture crosses interface, and not with the fracture initiation. Injection of high-viscosity fluid results in wider fractures and higher breakdown pressures, while injection of low-viscosity fluid results in narrower width of fractures developed at lower injection pressure. These results also give a reference for understanding and interpretation of microseismic monitoring data recorded in the field. 1. INTRODUCTION Hydraulic fracturing is crucial for hydrocarbon production from ultra-low permeability unconventional reservoirs to develop large surface area in contact with the reservoir. However, often the efficiency of the completion treatment is poor, which is considered to be a result of lateral heterogeneity in reservoir quality, lateral variability in fracture containment, hydraulic fracture complexity and ineffective proppant transport. Fracture analysis of cores, small-scale hydraulic fracturing experiments in the laboratory, and observations of fracture propagation (natural or induced) in cores, provide evidence that textural heterogeneity in rocks plays significant role in the development of fracture complexity and in arresting fracture height growth.
Effect of Anisotropy And Heterogeneity On the Bending of Geologic Structures
J. Burghardt, R. Suarez-Rivera
ABSTRACT: Bending of geologic strata occurs in the formation of a variety of geologic structures. Such bending deformation causes redistribution in the stress and strains within the formation and may result in the formation of fractures. Quantitative estimates of the stress redistribution as well as estimation of the location and orientation of natural fractures is critical to many aspects of oil and gas production including wellbore stability, fracture containment, and production. Geomechanical analysis of folded structures commonly assumes that the rock is isotropic and homogeneous, which results in relatively simple mathematical formulas that are convenient for the estimation of the stress state, the location and orientation of induced fractures, as well as the change in permeability due to the fractures. However, such an approach ignores the rock properties as well as the heterogeneity present in many formations. The consequent spatial variability in properties within the rock unit can have a strong influence on where the rock mass deforms, where the maximum stresses occur and therefore where and how fractures are likely to form. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on this topic and to illustrate the coupled effects of anisotropy and heterogeneity on the bending of geologic structures. A series of simple case studies is used to demonstrate which rock properties are most important to correctly characterizing folded geologic structures. It is demonstrated that when both lateral and vertical heterogeneity of the rock are accounted for, the in-situ stress state and the possible modes of failure become more complex and difficult to predict. Understanding these consequences is critical to the geomechanical analysis of folded structures and to applications to the oil and gas industry. 1. INTRODUCTION Folded geologic structures such as anticlines and synclines are important to the petroleum industry for a variety of reasons.
How Important is the Poroelastic Effect to Completion Design On Tight Shales?
R. Suarez-Rivera, E. Fjaer
ABSTRACT: The poroelastic effect addresses the coupled deformations of the solid framework and the fluids in a porous rock. It also studies the effective stresses that result from this coupled behavior. Because fluids can move through the porous medium, at a rate controlled by their permeability, local increases in pore pressure, resulting from local pore strains, dissipate as a function of time. This behavior makes the poro-elastic effect time-dependent, and is long-lasting for low permeability rocks. For some applications (e.g., borehole stability in low permeability rocks), evaluating the transient effect is critical to anticipating and preventing failure. For other applications (e.g., evaluating the in-situ effective stress), the equilibrated steady-state condition is needed. The Biot and Skempton coefficients are the two fundamental rock properties that are needed to understand the poro-elastic effect. In this paper, we discuss a methodology for evaluating the Biot's coefficient and to evaluate its variability along the directions parallel and perpendicular to bedding. Most importantly, we provide values of Biot's coefficients that could be used for applications in organic-rich mudstone reservoirs. 1. INTRODUCTION Completion quality, and reservoir production, in organic rich mudstones depends globally on the amount of surface area that is in contact with good reservoir quality rock. On a more detailed view, however, it also depends on near-wellbore conditions of breakdown pressures and fracture width, and on far-wellbore conditions of fracture containment, and retention of surface area and fracture conductivity. Since these conditions change as a function of production and pressure depletion with time, it is important to understand the coupled rock-fluid elastic behavior of the reservoir rock and the effective stress acting on the rock matrix. This coupled effect is known as the poro-elastic effect and can be of significant and long-term importance for nano-darcy permeability rocks.
Possible Sources of Acoustic Emission Events During Hydraulic Fracturing
A.A. Surdi, D.D. Ekart, P. Duran, R. Suarez-Rivera
Paper presented at the 44th U.S. Rock Mechanics Symposium and 5th U.S.-Canada Rock Mechanics Symposium, June 27–30, 2010
Paper Number: ARMA-10-478
ABSTRACT: Microseismic monitoring during hydraulic fracturing is a relatively new methodology that provides a distinct opportunity for understanding the evolution of fracture geometry during the treatment. Modern computational capabilities make possible to localize these acoustic events almost instantaneously (in real-rime) and also provides a potential opportunity for altering the treatment to control the development of the fracture. For example, if the operator anticipates that the fracture is approaching a water zone, it may take actions to prevent or lower the rate of propagation in the undesirable direction (e.g., by using bridging agents of diverters). Understanding the sources of acoustic emission events during fracturing is of high importance for exercising this potential and for adequate characterization of fracture propagation and final fracture geometry. In this paper we discuss results of controlled laboratory experiments of fracture propagation with acoustic emission monitoring, and use these results to evaluate the relationship between the induced fracture and the acoustic emission events occurring prior, during, and after fracturing (as the rock unloads). Having a simple experimental configuration and strong control of the fracture geometry, allow us in developing a detailed understanding of the process, including localized stress concentrations during loading and unloading, prior to and after fracturing. Results show the presence of considerable amount of microseismic activity prior to and after fracturing, in the neighborhood of the region where the fracture eventually develops. Although these set of events (pre-fracture, fracture and post-fracture) are easily discriminated in time, they are not easily discriminated otherwise. We are currently investigating various ways for separating these via analysis of waveforms (frequency and polarization). 1. INTRODUCTION The requirement of high surface area for hydrocarbon production from tight, unconventional, reservoirs has resulted in an increasing interest in visualizing fracture growth and containment, during hydraulic fracturing treatments. As a result, microseismic detection and localization, where microseismic events result from acoustic energy released during rock fracturing, has become a common practice. During microseismic monitoring these events are localized almost instantaneously, allowing "real-time" mapping of the evolution of these during the treatment. By associating the location of microseismic events to the location of fracture events and by assuming that connected fracture sections exist between microseismic locations, one obtains a mental picture of the potential geometry and extent of the resulting fractures as a function of the volume pumped and as a function of time. Modern computational capabilities have made possible the almost instantaneous localization of these microseismic events, and have opened the door to potential opportunities for controlling and altering the development of the fracture. For example, an operator may anticipates that the fracture is growing out of zone, or approaching a water zone, and may take actions to prevent this, by using bridging agents, diverters, or other methods. Another limitation is the lack of full understanding of the real sources of the microseismic events and their connectivity. As a result, there is a large effort in continuously developing better understanding and improved techniques of analysis and interpretation.
The Effect of Horizontal Completions On the Breakdown Pressures of Anisotropic Gas Shales
C. Deenadayalu, R. Suarez-Rivera
ABSTRACT: It is said that unconventional gas shales are easy to find but difficult to fracture. This is so because of the very large surface area (1 to 10 million square feet) required in these ultra low permeability systems for gas production at economic rates, and the problems associated to create it and maintain it. Successful hydraulic fracturing in these reservoirs requires understanding of near-wellbore conditions of perforation, fracture initiation, and near-wellbore fracture tortuosity. It also requires understanding of far-field conditions of fracture containment, fracture complexity, proppant transport, and rock-fluid interactions. Unfortunately maintaining the created surface area bounded within the reservoir section is typically problematic. More importantly, the low proppant carrying capacity of slick water and the tortuosity of the fracture geometry results in poor proppant transport and placement. This leads to considerable loss of surface area and fracture conductivity during production, thus the challenge. In this paper we concentrate on the development of hoop stresses in horizontal wells as a function of the type of completion (cased hole or open hole), and time (creep). We show that the wellbore hoop stresses are significantly affected by the quality of the cement job (cased and cemented completions). Mud channeling during displacement results in uneven support at the formation/casing interface, and leads to considerable changes in the hoop stresses, and the associated breakdown pressures for fracture initiation. We conclude by stating that understanding these effects will result in better decisions and better near-wellbore conditions for fracture initiation. 1. INTRODUCTION Economic production from unconventional gas shales requires of adequate conditions of reservoir quality and completion quality. Reservoir quality defines the potential of the reservoir in terms of gas in place, pore fluid saturations, permeability, organic content and maturity, and the effect of the latter on reservoir pressure. Completion quality defines the reservoir production potential, as defined by conditions that facilitate reservoir contact with hydraulically created, surface area, fracture complexity (increasing the surface area per unit reservoir volume), and its preservation during production. In addition, completion quality is also controlled by the connectivity between the near-wellbore fracture region, often dominated by stress concentrations around the near-wellbore, and the far-field fracture region, dominated by the far-field stresses. Finally, there is the question of fracture initiation and the potential of some fracturing stages along the horizontal wellbore being more difficult to breakdown than others. In this paper we study the near-wellbore stress concentrations, as affected by rock creep, the type of completion (cased hole or open hole), and the resulting conditions of breakdown (tensile failure), during wellbore pressurization for hydraulic fracturing. We show that the wellbore hoop stresses are significantly affected by time-dependent creep and by the type of completion (open hole or cased and cemented completions). Results show significant changes in the stress concentrations with increasing elastic anisotropy. The wellbore pressure and the pore pressure are balanced for all cases. It is apparent that in all cases, the top and bottom orientations (90°) of the horizontal wellbore are the most prone to hydraulic fracturing.
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In a recent Sunday Homes Section a reader wrote in to the "Ask the Inspector" column with a question in regards to a floatation sunroom versus a piled sunroom. The author of the column went on to provide some good points about sunrooms built on a piled structure as well as sunrooms built on ground augers or on a telepost and pad system.
While ground augers or teleposts are adjustable which implies "floatation" the applications are a little different. Ground augers are considered a substitute for piles and any system, including actual additions, can be built on ground augers (providing they meet loading requirements for the weight of the structure). The telepost and pad system can only have an "engineered" floatation system built on them that will compensate for ground movement without causing stress to the system and the structure to which it is attached.
To obtain a building permit only an "engineered" system like the Glastar Sunroom System can be used on a pad and telepost structure as there are no waivers required and the system is guaranteed. Without this you cannot get a building permit - period (even by signing a waiver that says you promise to adjust or monitor the teleposts).
If you would like more information on this made in Manitoba Sunroom innovation (proven for almost 30 years) contact Glastar Sunroom Systems today at 940-3030 or call for a tour of the factory.


Indicates the learning value for the throttle position sensor.
Indicates the learning voltage for throttle closed. This value is learned by the ECM and is used as the throttle closed learned position.
Indicates whether the self diagnostic system has detected a fault in the lambda or lambda heater systems, even if no trouble codes are stored in the fault code memory.


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text:
The History of Crazy Cajun
Master Sync Licensing
Barbara Lynn
BJ Thomas
Boogie Kings
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Clarence Frogman Henry
Doug Sahm / Sir Douglas Quintet
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Allison & The South Funk Blvd. Band
Jimmy Donley
Joe Barry
Joe Medwick
Joey Long
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Mickey Gilley
Moe Bandy
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Music Enterprises, Inc
Louisiana 'Bayou Land' has produced some of the greatest talents.....Fats Domino, Pete Fountain, Louis Armstrong to name but a few. But out of this comes a man and his accordion. The blues, the lonely boy, Clifton Chenier. The only black man that can play a lilly-white (sic) dance on Wednesday and a solid black dance on Thursday and pack them in each night. Then from Frisco Bay to the European Folk Festival.... satisfying the young and rearranging memories for the old.
Clifton is his own. When you hear his records anywhere you know it's him....people don't have to tell you. A very gifted man!
So read the notes to Clifton Chenier's 'Bayou Soul' LP, originally released on Crazy Cajun Records. It is a typical piece of folksy whimsy by label owner Huey P. Meaux - the "Crazy Cajun". Notice there is no mention of zydeco music, but there is reference to Clifton's multi-racial appeal, the blues influence, the dance aspect, and most precious of all, his very identifiable sound.
A Worried Life Blues - Clifton Chenier 3:28
Don't Touch My Leg - Clifton Chenier 2:23
Voices of Americana : Clifton Chenier
Clifton Chenier was known initially as 'King Of The South' and now, forever, as 'King Of Zydeco'. Almost single-handedly, he and his trusty piano accordion transported zydeco from an inward looking rural South Louisiana music into an internationally respected art form.
Going To Big Mary - Clifton Chenier 2:39
Grandma Knows Best - Clifton Chenier 2:38
Keep On Knocking - Clifton Chenier 1:54
My Little Girl (She's In Heaven) - Clifton Chenier 3:15
Itunes and amazon music uk
Bayou Soul - Clifton Chenier
CD / Vinyl
Clifton Chenier bio
Clifton Chenier was known initially as 'King Of The South' and now, forever, as 'King Of Zydeco'. Almost single-handedly, he and his trusty piano accordion have transported zydeco from an inward looking rural South Louisiana music into an internationally respected art form.
During the 1950's there were three records that dictated the development of zydeco music: Clarence Garlow's 'Bon Ton Roula' (1950), Boozoo Chavis's 'Paper In My Show' (1954) and Clifton Chenier 'Ay-Tete-Fee' (1955). At the time all three recordings were classified as R&B. Indeed, Clifton's ambition in the 1950's was to become a top-flight blues and R&B artist. During this period, he recorded for such venerable R&B labels as Imperial, Speciality, Argo and Checker. Chenier and his band were also booked to provide the musical backing on the popular one-night package tours.
With the rock 'n' roll era fading fast at the end of the 1950's, Clifton Chenier found himself recording for Jay Miller's tiny local Zynn label of Crowley, Louisiana. By 1964, Clifton's career had well and truly stalled but then Chris Strachwitz, boss of emerging Arhoolie label, found the accordionist playing in a neighbourhood bar in Houston, Texas. Strachwitz began recording a series of well received albums that featured Clifton with his brother Cleveland on rubboard and Robert St. Judy on drums.
Realising that Clifton needed to maintain contact with his French-speaking Creole people, Strachwitz released 45's aimed directly at the jukeboxes of South Louisiana and East Texas in conjunction with Ville Platte record man, Floyd Soileau. The result was a sizeable local hit 'Louisiana Blues', on the new Bayou label in 1965.
Meanwhile, Huey Meaux, now resident in Houston, had become personally aware of this rising popularity when he helped to place one of Chenier's Gulf Coast hits, 'Black Gal' with the Bell label of New York for national distribution. Meaux then promptly recorded Chenier for his own label Tear Drop and later, Crazy Cajun. This resulted in 1967 in one of Clifton's biggest and long lasting hits, 'Oh Lucille'. The 'Bayou Soul' LP was released subsequently featuring the 'Oh! Lucille' hit along with several Tear Drop singles and more. It is this album which forms the heart of this compilation, the first 11 tracks in fact. The rest of the CD is given over to two singles not released on the LP and three previously unissued tracks.
Clifton's music is an eclectic mix of several different musical styles. The blues is an overwhelming influence as can be seen on 'A Worried Life Blues' and 'My Little Girl (She's In Heaven)' both with rolling Texas piano from Elmore Nixon. The instrumental '(High As A) Georgia Pine' harks back to the stop time of 'Pinetop's Boogie Woogie' and there is a strong T-Bone Walker shuffle-beat on 'Goin' To Big Mary's'. There are distinct traces of R&B hits in 'Say Too Koreck' (Ray Charles' 'I Got A Woman'), 'Keep On Knockin' (Little Richard's 'Keep A Knockin') and 'Just Keep On Scratchin' (Slim Harpo's 'Baby Scratch My Back').
The white Cajun element is very evident in the charming waltzes 'La Coeur De La Louisianne' (a version of the Cajun classic 'Jole Blonde'), 'You Know That I Love You' and the Cajun favourite 'Big Mamou'. That Clifton is singing in French much of the time seems to indicate that then he had no grand desire to break out of his familiar local territory.
Songs like 'Say Too Koreck' and 'Oh! Lucille' give pointers to the zydeco sound that we know now. In his new book 'The Kingdom of Zydeco', Mike Tisserand quotes Clifton's bass-guitarist Jumpin' Joe Morris on the story behind the recording of 'Oh! Lucille' and old house dance song.
"We were playing a dance in Scott, and Claude Faulk was sitting in. A lady asked him to play 'Lucille' because that was his record. So he kicked it off and it sounded good and he went all the way through with his own accordion, a button accordion. So Cliff got back on the stage and he played that song over, but he played it on a piano accordion. Then we went to Houston that next week, and that Monday the first record we recorded was 'Hey (Oh!) Lucille'. And on that record, Cliff bought himself a brand new Lincoln Continental, man."
The late Mike Leadbitter, the innovative British researcher, visited Louisiana around the time of this hit, and his report for 'Blues Unlimited' (September 1967) gives a unique flavour of the impact of Clifton's music at the time.
"This man is on the road in his big Cadillac (sic) all the time, spending a lot of time fulfilling engagements in Louisiana and Texas where he is extremely popular. Then on my last Saturday in Louisiana I saw him at the 'Bon Ton Rouley' in Lafayette. This is a large dancing club with a noisy working class, all white custom. They seemed to appreciate the wailing blues, but would be happier, I'm sure, to see a Cajun band. Still Clifton played some beautiful pieces like 'Lafayette Waltz', 'Oh! Lucille' and 'What'd I Say' ably backed by a four piece group led by Cleveland Chenier on washboard (sic). The music was loud bon ton stuff with a socking beat and easy to dance to. Late at night booze overcomes artistry and the band audibly deteriorates. Clifton is nonetheless King of his chosen style and a very gifted and talented man. His singles on Tear Drop and Bayou sell extremely well in the Cajun belt".
Some of that loud bon ton stuff with a socking beat is captured contemporaneously within the shiny grooves of this compact disc, which see the first ever reissue of these recordings. This is Clifton Chenier at his creative best, still expanding the zydeco sound and full of Bayou Soul.
~John Broven, October 1998
John Broven "South Louisiana: The Music Of Cajun Bayous", Pelican Books, Gretna LA 1983.
Mike Leadbitter Ed. "Nothing But The Blues", Hanover Books, London 1971
Mike Leadbitter & Neil Slaven "Blues Records 1943 to 1970", Record Information Services, London 1987
Michael Tisserand "The Kingdom Of Zydeco", Arcade Publishing, New York 1998.
© 2019 Music Enterprises Inc dba Crazy Cajun Music / Crazy Cajun Records
Rock Down In My Shoe - Clarence Frogman Henry 2:21
We'll Take Our Last Walk Tonight - Clarence Frogman Henry 2:41
Cheatin' Traces - Clarence Frogman Henry 2:40
I Can't Take Another Heartache - Clarence Frogman Henry 2:43


It is estimated that more than 25% of the world production of wheat, barley and maize is contaminated with mycotoxins resulting from mold growth. Perstorp offers several types of tools to deal with mould growth and mycotoxins.
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