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Home Cyberpunk Drone Pilots vs Big Brother: The History of FAA Drone Registration
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Drone Pilots vs Big Brother: The History of FAA Drone Registration
by T.H. Shepherd June 12, 2020
written by T.H. Shepherd
Kids these days . . . playing in the airspace.
Who owns the air you're breathing right now? If you were 60 feet above your current location, would you be trespassing?
Until about 2010, most people lived thoroughly two-dimensional lives. Sure, an orthodontist with a Cessna might have to worry about airspace violations, but the general public was more or less limited to coordinates of the X & Y variety.
But access to Z came when radio-control hobbyists started cannibalizing their Nintendo controllers for gyros and accelerometers. They'd break apart CCTV cameras for image sensors. A lot of work and collaboration between a lot of earnest and dedicated geeks thus spawned a new class of criminal: people with toy helicopters.
Over the next few years, the explosive popularity of drones incited a backlash that closely paralleled the rash of skateboard bans in the 1990s. Cities, universities, parks, stadiums and businesses soon began banning drones in their airspace, and FAA drone registration would soon begin.
Enter the Federal Aviation Administration
In 2013, much of the building tension came to a head when the Federal Aviation Administration fined drone builder and pilot, Raphael "Trappy" Pirker, $10,000 for flying around the University of Virginia. The fact that the University of Virginia was paying him for the video he was capturing only compounded the severity of his crime, according to the FAA, since as of 2007, any and all commercial use of drones was strictly forbidden. Trappy's lawyers argued that the FAA had no jurisdiction over drones, since radio controlled model aircraft were excepted under FAA guidelines and in most cases, including this one, weren't flown in navigable airspace where they'd run the risk of encountering manned aircraft.
In 2015, Trappy settled for a small portion of the original fine, leaving the question of the FAA's jurisdiction over drone pilots murky. In the interim, the FAA had been sending out cease-and-desist letters to any pilots they could find who were making money flying with their feet on the ground. Everyone from real estate photographers to search and rescue teams to a guy in Louisiana who collected bounties on feral hogs by hunting them with a drone-mounted thermal camera got shut down. This raised a lot of questions—did folks getting ad revenue for videos reviewing drone tech on the internet fall under the ban? What about sponsored team pilots in freestyle or racing events?
The silver lining was that, whatever the bans might be regarding commercial use, people who flew just for the joy of leaving their body and winging through the air weren't getting shut down anytime soon. A 2012 law prevented the FAA from making any rules regarding recreational model flight.
RELATED: Consumer-Grade Anarchy
image courtesy of FAA.gov
December 2015 — FAA drone registration is mandatory
Everything changed in December of 2015. The FAA issued a press release stating that all unmanned aircraft over 249 grams would have to be registered with their agency. This means that since then, you can jump in a single-seater ultralight with a snowmobile engine and fly to your heart's content with less government oversight than you need for a styrofoam glider that weighs half as much as a football.
The idea was that if you found a drone, its registration number would let you trace it back to its owner—whether you were just being neighborly and returning a downed miniquad or, alternately, investigating a midair collision.
It didn't really work out that way. To this day, there's no way to search for a drone's owner by their registration number the way you can look up ham radio operators by their callsigns. Enforcement of drone registration has been essentially nonexistent, and even commercial drone operators rarely bother registering their aircraft.
Sweeping changes require virtually all drones to have tracking beacons
In May of this year, the FAA announced that they'd be going much, much further, requiring all drones over 249g to have active transmitters detectable by manned aircraft and to have their location constantly reported over the internet to a tracking website.
Keep in mind, plenty of real, manned aircraft—not just tiny single-seaters, even, but crop dusters and passenger airplanes—fly "NORDO", without any communication equipment whatsoever, and it's completely legal outside of class-C airspace.The technology requirements for the new tracking systems will be developed by disinterested companies with absolutely no skin in the game like Amazon, Airbus, and Wing (owned by Google's parent company Alphabet).
So if your idea of after-work fun is running battery packs through a 250-scale racing quad in a vacant parking structure with no GPS or cell signal, congratulations. You're about to be an outlaw again—if you haven't been this whole time.
The FAA regulations state that it's only legal to fly a drone within line-of-sight and 400 feet of ground level. That 400 foot number may sound arbitrary, but it's based in large part on a 1946 Supreme Court case where a farmer claimed low-flying Army airplanes were driving his chickens into fits of suicidal panic. Exact numbers have fluctuated up and down, but since that case it's been a general guideline that manned aircraft stay above 500 feet unless taking off or landing. If flying a drone at legal altitudes, it is therefore recommended to look out for and avoid particularly anxious-looking chickens.
T.H. Shepherd
T. H. Shepherd is a cartographer, engineering autodidact, and legally cannot be prevented from self-identifying as a writer. Visit ShepherdCartography.com to find out more.
The Classic Cyberpunk Setup In Sneakers
Cyberpunk 2077 Delayed — Visit Night City on November 19


From January 11th-13th, I had the privilege of attending the 2019 Residence Life Conference. This event was gathering of student staff from various post-secondary institutions who work in Residence Life as Community Assistants (like me), Dons, Council Executives, and more. At the conference, we attended a variety of presentations. My favourite, by far, was about interior design and creating spaces to promote student well-being and overall happiness. The presentation really got me thinking about creating spaces that create feelings of comfort, happiness, and feeling at home.
Even before arrived at Nipissing for my first year, I knew exactly how I wanted to decorate my room: fairy lights, a million photos of my friends, family and pets, and a bright and colourful colour scheme (I still have the Pinterest board showcasing the thousands of ways I could go about decorating my space)! For me, one of the most exciting things about arriving at Chancellor's House Residence Complex for my first year was seeing the blank canvas that was my residence room; exactly like the picture below.
Your 'NU Home' is a space filled with opportunities to express yourself and showcase who you are! It's your own home-away-from-home where you can find comfort, happiness, and a great place to study and hangout with friends! Whether you're heading into your first year, or you're just thinking of redecorating your room, take some time to think about what makes you happy. What colours help you express happiness? Darker schemes? Lighter ones? Specific colours like reds, blues or golds?
In addition to colour schemes, is there anything else that brings you happiness? For me, it's bright spaces, fairy lights and soft lighting as well as, sunflowers, pineapples, elements of nature, and polaroids of my friends. This year, I incorporated my favourite colour scheme (pink, grey, and teal) and all of the things I listed above into making my room my own personal paradise. It's simple, but it has everything I like in it and that's the making of a great room.
What do you love? What makes you happy? How do you express yourself? If you incorporate those things into your residence room – your NU Home – you're already on your way to a great year in residence.


text:
#include "pagespeed/kernel/image/jpeg_utils.h"

#include <csetjmp>  // for longjmp
// 'stdio.h' provides FILE for jpeglib (needed for certain builds)

#include <cstdio>

#include "pagespeed/kernel/image/jpeg_reader.h"

extern "C" {
#ifdef USE_SYSTEM_LIBJPEG
#include "jpeglib.h"  // NOLINT
#else
#include "external/libjpeg_turbo/jpeglib.h"
#endif
}

namespace net_instaweb {
class MessageHandler;
}

namespace {
static double ComputeQualityEntriesSum(JQUANT_TBL* quantization_table,
                                       const unsigned int* std_table) {
  double quality_entries_sum = 0;

  // Quality is defined in terms of the base quantization tables used by
  // encoder. Q = quant table, q = compression quality  and S = table used by
  // encoder, Encoder does the following.
  // if q > 0.5 then Q = 2 - 2*q*S otherwise Q = (0.5/q)*S.
  //
  // Refer 'jpeg_add_quant_table (...)' in jcparam.c for more details.
  //
  // Since we don't have access to the table used by encoder. But it is
  // generally close to the standard table defined by JPEG. Hence, we apply
  // inverse function of the above to using standard table and compute the input
  // image jpeg quality.
  for (int i = 0; i < DCTSIZE2; i++) {
    if (quantization_table->quantval[i] == 1) {
      // 1 is the minimum denominator allowed for any value in the quantization
      // matrix and it implies that quality is set 100.
      quality_entries_sum += 1;
    } else {
      double scale_factor =
          static_cast<double>(quantization_table->quantval[i]) / std_table[i];
      quality_entries_sum +=
          (scale_factor > 1.0 ? (0.5 / scale_factor)
                              : ((2.0 - scale_factor) / 2.0));
    }
  }

  return quality_entries_sum;
}
}  // namespace

namespace pagespeed {

namespace image_compression {

using net_instaweb::MessageHandler;

JpegUtils::JpegUtils() {}

int JpegUtils::GetImageQualityFromImage(const void* image_data,
                                        size_t image_length,
                                        MessageHandler* handler) {
  JpegReader reader(handler);
  jpeg_decompress_struct* jpeg_decompress = reader.decompress_struct();

  // libjpeg's error handling mechanism requires that longjmp be used
  // to get control after an error.
  jmp_buf env;
  if (setjmp(env)) {
    // This code is run only when libjpeg hit an error, and called
    // longjmp(env).
    return -1;
  }

  // Need to install env so that it will be longjmp()ed to on error.
  jpeg_decompress->client_data = static_cast<void*>(&env);

  reader.PrepareForRead(image_data, image_length);

  // Read jpeg data into the decompression struct.
  jpeg_read_header(jpeg_decompress, TRUE);

  // The standard tables are taken from JPEG spec section K.1.
  static const unsigned int std_luminance_quant_tbl[DCTSIZE2] = {
      16, 11, 10, 16, 24,  40,  51,  61,  12, 12, 14, 19, 26,  58,  60,  55,
      14, 13, 16, 24, 40,  57,  69,  56,  14, 17, 22, 29, 51,  87,  80,  62,
      18, 22, 37, 56, 68,  109, 103, 77,  24, 35, 55, 64, 81,  104, 113, 92,
      49, 64, 78, 87, 103, 121, 120, 101, 72, 92, 95, 98, 112, 100, 103, 99};
  static const unsigned int std_chrominance_quant_tbl[DCTSIZE2] = {
      17, 18, 24, 47, 99, 99, 99, 99, 18, 21, 26, 66, 99, 99, 99, 99,
      24, 26, 56, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 47, 66, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99,
      99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99,
      99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99, 99};

  double quality_entries_sum = 0;
  double quality_entries_count = 0;
  if (jpeg_decompress->quant_tbl_ptrs[0] != nullptr) {
    quality_entries_sum += ComputeQualityEntriesSum(
        jpeg_decompress->quant_tbl_ptrs[0], std_luminance_quant_tbl);
    quality_entries_count += DCTSIZE2;
  }

  if (jpeg_decompress->quant_tbl_ptrs[1] != nullptr) {
    quality_entries_sum += ComputeQualityEntriesSum(
        jpeg_decompress->quant_tbl_ptrs[1], std_chrominance_quant_tbl);
    quality_entries_count += DCTSIZE2;
  }

  if (quality_entries_count > 0) {
    // This computed quality is in the form of a fraction, so multiplying with
    // 100 and rounding off to nearest integer.
    double quality = quality_entries_sum * 100 / quality_entries_count;
    return static_cast<int>(quality + 0.5);
  }

  return -1;
}

}  // namespace image_compression

}  // namespace pagespeed

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Categories: The Big Bang Theory2007 American television series debuts2000s American college television series2000s American romantic comedy television series2000s American sitcoms2010s American college television series2010s American romantic comedy television series2010s American sitcoms2019 American television series endingsCBS network showsCultural depictions of scientistsEnglish-language television programsNerd culturePhysics in fictionPrimetime Emmy Award-winning television seriesTelevision series about friendshipTelevision series by Warner Bros. TelevisionTelevision series created by Bill PradyTelevision series created by Chuck LorreTelevision shows featuring audio descriptionTelevision shows set in Pasadena, California
After Sheldon reminds the guys about the time they mined Bitcoin without him, the guys go on a quest to find their suddenly valuable missing cryptocurrency. They realize the currency is on a laptop which Leonard gave to Penny when they dating, which she then gave to her ex-boyfriend Zack. After Leonard and Penny go to Zack's apartment, he shows them a seven-year-old video that Penny recorded on the laptop soon after she broke up with Leonard. Leonard is touched by the video which shows a drunk Penny lamenting the break-up of her relationship with him.
The scene is all business – at least as much as you can expect from a bunch of cut-ups making a sitcom – and no one seems distracted by two significant events: The episode will mark the show's 276th, moving it past "Cheers" to set a record for a sitcom filmed in front of a studio audience, and only three more remain to be shot for "Big Bang," co-created by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady.
Like the previous three seasons, the first five episodes aired on Mondays due to CBS' contractual rights to air the Thursday Night Football games. After Thursday Night Football ended, the series returned to a Thursday schedule starting on November 2, 2017. Filming for the eleventh season began on August 15, 2017; it was also announced with the taping report that the premiere for the eleventh season would be titled "The Proposal Proposal". Before the season premiered, five episodes were filmed from August 15 to September 19, 2017.[4]
Kaley Cuoco as Penny:[44] An aspiring actress from Omaha, Nebraska. Penny moves in across the hall from Sheldon and Leonard. She waits tables and occasionally tends the bar at the Cheesecake Factory. After giving up hope of becoming a successful actress, Penny becomes a pharmaceutical sales representative. Penny becomes friends with Bernadette and Amy, and they often hang out in each other's apartments. Penny and Leonard form a relationship and eventually marry.
Sheldon cannot find the perfect wedding date and begins talking in his sleep, adopting the persona of a laid-back person who goes with the flow. Amy and Penny believe that his subconscious mind is trying to tell him to be more relaxed; his attempt to be so while wearing flip-flops ends in disaster. He decides to leave all the wedding planning to Amy while he wears a Star Trek uniform underneath his tuxedo. Meanwhile, Raj and Stuart both become interested in Bernadette's new coworker Ruchi. While she likes them both as friends, she does not want a relationship with anyone.
Howard and Bernadette's new neighbor Andy begins using floodlights mounted on his balcony that encroaches on their rear deck and hot tub. Investigating whether the lights comply with city code, they enlist Sheldon to help them with the paperwork, but Sheldon finds out Howard and Bernadette's own deck is also not code-compliant. He considers turning them in, but ultimately chooses friendship over the rules. He does report Andy though for violating property lines, allowing Howard and Bernadette to enjoy their deck again. Meanwhile, Bert wants to cut into a meteorite with Raj's help, rejecting Leonard's idea to use his laser to do so. Leonard dreams that he opens the meteorite with his laser, becomes possessed by an alien intelligence and eats Bert, Raj and Penny. He later apologizes to Raj and Bert, admitting he was jealous. The possibility of the meteorite unleashing a plague scares Stuart and Denise, who use it as foreplay for procreation, Stuart closing the store on Sheldon when he tries to browse.
The episode opens with a short montage of clips from the series' twelve seasons, then segues to Sheldon and Amy, who are up late waiting for a call from the Nobel Committee. Following a prank call from Kripke, they are told they've won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their super-asymmetry work. The attention from the media and the university bothers Sheldon. Amy is saddened by an unflattering picture of her in a news report, so Raj convinces her to get a makeover. She loves her new look but Sheldon demands she change it back. Leonard calls him out for being rude, but Sheldon flees when he sees Penny emerge from the newly repaired elevator. Sheldon and Penny go to the Cheesecake Factory and Penny tells Sheldon that change is the only constant thing in life. On a TV, they see Bernadette and Howard take credit as Sheldon and Amy's best friends. Raj and Leonard defend Amy, with Leonard accidentally breaking Sheldon's DNA molecule model in Apartment 4A. Penny convinces Sheldon to ride in the elevator.
Professor Proton, Sheldon's favorite childhood show, is being rebooted. After unsuccessfully auditioning for the part, he goes to Wil Wheaton for acting tips for his second audition. However, Sheldon is later dismayed when Wil is offered the role instead. Talking it over with Arthur in his dreams, he is still upset to see his idol replaced and considers Wil an enemy again. Meanwhile, Howard gets a vasectomy while Bernadette is on bed rest. Penny offers to take care of Halley for them, but they insult her by expecting her to be irresponsible. Halley ends up saying her first word by calling Penny "Mama."
As the theme of the show revolves around science, many distinguished and high-profile scientists have appeared as guest stars on the show. Famous astrophysicist and Nobel laureate George Smoot had a cameo appearance in the second season.[56] Theoretical physicist Brian Greene appeared in the fourth season, as well as astrophysicist, science populizer, and physics outreach specialist Neil deGrasse Tyson, who also appeared in the twelfth season.
Howard and Raj are still fighting, so Howard dis-invites Raj to Halley's birthday party. However, when Stuart pulls out as party planner at the last minute, Raj agrees to plan the party, which doesn't turn out too well due to Halley being asleep, Bernadette being on bed rest, and no people turning up. When Howard and Raj get into a shoving match in the party's bounce house, they end up letting out their frustrations, but also having fun and reconciling. Leonard is depressed upon receiving his successful brother's Christmas card and attempts to make a list of what he and Penny accomplished this year, not coming up with much. This prompts them to think about their plans for the future, so they decide to go on trips and achieve more out of life together before starting a family. Sheldon cooks Amy a Little House on the Prairie-themed birthday dinner, which gives them both food poisoning. They eventually recover enough to attend Halley's birthday party with the others, where they have fun in the bouncy castle and then have sex in Howard and Bernadette's house.
Kevin Sussman as Stuart Bloom (recurring seasons 2–5, 7, starring seasons 6, 8–12):[54] A mild-mannered, under-confident owner of a comic book store. A competent artist, Stuart is a graduate of the prestigious Rhode Island School of Design, and though he is socially awkward he possesses slightly better social skills. Stuart implies he is in financial trouble and that the comic book store now also is his home. He is later invited to join the guys' group while Howard is in space. Stuart gets a new job caring for Howard's mother later. After Mrs. Wolowitz's death, Stuart continues to live in her home, along with Howard and Bernadette, until he finds a place of his own.
I agree with Jeff. The finale was hardly "perfect". I thought they took the safest route possible; and there were only a few good laughs. Some of it was predictable; winning the Nobel and fixing the elevator. The prize ceremony wasn't even particularly interesting. Having each friend stand and be recognized at a Nobel ceremony seemed way of place…even for Sheldon. The writers were obviously struggling this last season for new material , and the finale was no exception. I still think Raj should have ended up with 'someone', as they felt the need to pair everyone else off during the series. (Even Stuart got a girl.). All in all, I found the finale wanting. I thought going in that I might burn it to DVD as an episode to keep to watch again. I'll pass.
The CBS sitcom said goodbye on Thursday night after a storied 12-season run — and now that it's really over, we're feeling super nostalgic. Having already revisited the pilot episode, highlighted classic "Shamy" moments and ranked our favorite recurring characters, we're closing out our retrospective coverage with a list of the 10 episodes that we feel are a cut above the rest.
By season seven, Galecki, Parsons, and Cuoco were also receiving 0.25% of the series' back-end money. Before production began on the eighth season, the three plus Helberg and Nayyar, looked to renegotiate new contracts, with Galecki, Parsons, and Cuoco seeking around $1 million per episode, as well as more back-end money.[36] Contracts were signed in the beginning of August 2014, giving the three principal actors an estimated $1 million per episode for three years, with the possibility to extend for a fourth year. The deals also include larger pieces of the show, signing bonuses, production deals, and advances towards the back-end.[37] Helberg and Nayyar were also able to renegotiate their contracts, giving them a per-episode pay in the "mid-six-figure range", up from around $100,000 per episode they each received in years prior. The duo, who were looking to have salary parity with Parsons, Galecki, and Cuoco, signed their contracts after the studio and producers threatened to write the characters out of the series if a deal could not be reached before the start of production on season eight.[38] By season 10, Helberg and Nayyar reached the $1 million per episode parity with Parsons, Galecki, and Cuoco, due to a clause in their deals signed in 2014.[39]
Science has also interfered with the characters' romantic lives. Leslie breaks up with Leonard when he sides with Sheldon in his support for string theory rather than loop quantum gravity.[70] When Leonard joins Sheldon, Raj, and Howard on a three-month Arctic research trip, it separates Leonard and Penny at a time when their relationship is budding. When Bernadette takes an interest in Leonard's work, it makes both Penny and Howard envious and results in Howard confronting Leonard, and Penny asking Sheldon to teach her physics.[71] Sheldon and Amy also briefly end their relationship after an argument over which of their fields is superior.[72]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
French regional jewellery - Introduction
Industrialisation came early to France, compared with other European countries and both Paris and Lyon became important centres of mass-produced jewellery by the middle of the 19th century. Stamped rings, brooches and crosses could be made far cheaper and lighter than cast versions and an efficient system of distribution ensured that large quantities could be disseminated across France quickly. Jewels were wholesaled out to retail jewelers and also to travelling salesmen who sold jewellery door-to-door as well as at the regular fairs and religious assemblies.
Many of the jewels were made of rolled-gold, in which a "sandwich" consisting of a plate of copper between two thin plates of gold is compressed between rollers to the required thickness and then stamped into the form of the jewel. Companies such as Fix, Murat and Oria, founded in 1829, 1847 and 1867 respectively, specialized in high quality rolled gold jewellery. For the first time in history the common person could wear a jewel that looked like it was made of gold and the demand was strong during the mid-nineteenth century in an increasingly wealthy France. The popularity of gold plated jewellery stimulated the demand for real gold jewellery among those who could afford it, and while some solid gold jewellery was made industrially, a good proportion was made locally, especially the regional jewellery.
There are, in fact, three types of French regional jewellery. The first type is the jewels that were worn in the heyday of regional jewellery, between 1750 and 1840. These jewels would have evolved from a humble ring or cross into something unique to that region by a process of successive and perhaps almost imperceptible mutations and adaptations. Regional, or folk jewellery, is defined by a particular style confined to a particular region. Some jewels were made in Paris or Lyon but worn only in a certain region, in which case they qualify as regional jewels. Other jewels which were made in a particular region but worn throughout France cannot be considered regional. Some regional jewels were an integral part of folk costumes, indeed some were sewn to the costumes, while others were worn in certain regions but with ordinary clothes.
The International Exhibition of London in 1872 saw many countries display their traditional 'peasant' jewellery on their stands and France was no exception with a large display of costumes and jewellery from Brittany. This stimulated a fashion in England where there was no tradition of regional jewellery and soon many of the wealthier English women were wearing and collecting European regional jewels. French manufacturers restarted production of regional jewellery and soon English jewelers started copying them. The fashion spread to France and today it can be difficult to determine if a nineteenth century jewel was worn as part of a traditional costume or during a passing fad. These revival jewels can be considered a second type of regional jewellery. They can be similar, even identical to the earlier types but their use was not the same. The advent of the railway brought increasing numbers of tourists to the French provinces and local jewellers were quick to seize the opportunity to sell them regional jewels, both antique and newly made. The pardon pins and fibulae of Brittany were particulary popular with tourists, despite the fact that the majority were in fact produced in Bohemia.
The Camargue cross was created in 1926, the Pentacrine-set jewels from Digne around 1850 and the flowered crosses of Savoy around 1880. Even today, the flowered cross continues to evolve and some Savoy jewelers reproduce the altar cross of local churches in gold or silver to make new regional crosses for tourists.
Reproductions of the antique regional jewels are still made today, often by the same manufacturers of the third type mentioned above, however they tend to be smaller and less flamboyant than the most spectacular antique regional jewels. Some of the larger jewels are still sold to members of folkloric dance groups, who are unable or unwilling to invest in and wear the costly antique regional jewels, or to persons who just want to buy them to keep alive the tradition and for their beauty and history. Some towns and villages have annual regional costume days where the locals dress up in their finest antique or reproduction regional outfits and circulate around town to be admired and photographed.
Saint Lô cross in silver and Rhinestones where the polished-off culets have been imitated by black painted spots
At the end of the 19th century, the Parisian jewellers making French regional jewellery would do their best to make them look as antique as possible. Because on genuine antique diamonds and Rhinestones the bottom point of the stone, the culet, was polished off, in order to make the modern cut stones they were using look like the antique ones, the jewellers would paint a black spot on the culet of the stone.
The third type of French regional jewellery consists of jewels that have been made recently without traditional motifs and are worn to express one's solidarity with one's region. Brittany has probably the most active regional jewellery market today and the Celtic symbols such as the triskelion (triskèle) are popular on jewellery, much of which is made of silver and bought by young people or tourists. Alsace has its stork motif, Lorraine the thistle, the Camargue region the bull, Champagne the grapes and so on.
The study of French regional jewellery
The study of regional jewellery is a fascinating pastime. There is still so much to be discovered, all that is required is to constantly observe, research and absorb all that is possible and then wait for new discoveries, ideas and conclusions to come to the forefront. For instance, one cannot, as some authors have done, draw any conclusions as to the popularity of a jewel in the past by simply looking at the frequency with which the jewel is found today. Of course the latter can be a clue, but it is without value unless other, much more important factors are taken into account.
"fileuses" ear pendants
in rolled gold
As an example, the Polletaise (fileuses) ear pendants and the filigree ear pendants of the Dieppe region are extremely rare today yet seem to have been very common in the nineteenth century based on the iconographic evidence. A page of designs by the 19th century manufacturing jeweller Baudet shows no less than fourteen different sizes of Polletaises (fileuses) earrings available. (2) Although one cannot draw any firm conclusions from the study of prints and photos, the explanation for the scarcity of these jewels today is quite simple if you have an experience of the jewellery market. These earrings were made of stamped gold, which implied a jeweller somewhere making several metal dies in solid steel. The earrings were cheap to make as long as the steel dies existed, but they were very difficut to repair as they were hollow and very light. Once the steel die was broken or too worn to be used, production stopped unless the demand was sufficient for a new die to be engraved. It is very likely that women continued to wear these earrings for some time after production had stopped and thus gradually all the earrings became worn, broken or were lost until only a very small number survived. Earrings are of course much more vulnerable to loss than rings, necklaces or brooches and if one is lost or broken, the remaining one will be rapidly sold or melted.
ear pendants from
Dieppe in gold
Catalogue from Baudot, Paris, Empire period.
There are still some companies in France who make and use dies for stamping jewellery, and they have the most wonderful collections of nineteenth century dies which they will re-use if you place a reasonable order. But they have no dies for the Dieppe earrings, nor indeed for the Jeannette cross, which was once the most popular cross in France. How could it be that they have no dies of such a popular cross? The explanation is again quite simple: they continued to produce these crosses until the last die broke and no one today is prepared to pay them the several thousand euros it will cost to carve a new pair of dies. So although Jeannette crosses are still made today, they are cast in moulds rather than being stamped. This makes for a more expensive cross as the gold weight is higher but the investment for the jeweller is far lower.
Many other jewels can be readily repaired and thus have survived 150 or 200 years in family collections. But the heavier a jewel is, the more likely it will be that an owner will melt or trade in a damaged or unfashionable jewel at some time. Gold has always been expensive, and even with the recent rises in the gold price, gold jewellery is still more affordable than it was a hundred years ago. The booms in the gold price in 1980 and 2011 saw an enormous amount of antique jewellery melted and it's not true that jewellers refrain from melting rare regional jewels: many don't recognise them for what they are or don't want to go through the hassle of repairing and selling them separately, it's so much easier to melt everything once a week.
I have seen with my own eyes how little knowledge many jewellers have of the history of jewellery and as for the cowboy gold-buyers who enter the market whenever there is a boom, everything they buy is immediately melted. Some of my best pieces were obtained by buying all the jewellery from inexperienced gold-buyers at the same price the smelters were offering and then sorting it. When I ask jewellers if they ever have any regional jewellery, most of them say no, but when I show them pictures, they generally agree that they have seen regional jewels and melted them. The French customs authorities terrorise gold dealers with their unannounced raids during which they will confiscate anything that hasn't been hallmarked or clearly identified in the second-hand book. Many gold buyers have given up trying to comply with constantly changing requirements set by the customs officers and prefer to just melt everything. How much of our heritage has been destroyed by such over-zealous inspections will never be known....
As each generation gives way to the next and jewels are passed on, the recipient looks at the inherited jewellery with a critical eye : Will I wear it? Does it have any sentimental value? Is it pretty? What can I get for it? It is evident that a pretty jewel with a high sentimental value has more chance of being kept for future generations than an unfashionable or worn-out jewel with little sentimental value and a high intrinsic (metal) value.
Trying to determine the popularity of jewels by looking at the iconographic evidence is tempting, however there are few records and one can assume that the persons able to afford to have a painting of themselves made did not represent the general population. And just like today, when a woman in Morocco or Algeria will hire jewellery to wear for her wedding if she cannot afford to buy it, we cannot deduce what was worn by the everyday woman in the street from the photos and Daguerreotypes. Lanté and Gatine, when they set out to document the costumes worn by the women in Normandy in 1811, admitted that many of the costumes were no longer regularly worn by then, and they had to convince some women to bring them out of storage in order to sketch them. (3)
The only way to really find out which jewels were the most popular is to continue to observe and filter all the information which is at hand: records kept by manufacturers, anecdotes and observations in contemporary references and novels, photographs, hoards of jewels, finds made by metal detectorists, in short all the scraps of information a detective would use to solve a mystery. The work done by Marguerite Bruneau in examining hundreds of notarial acts in Normandy from the seventeenth and eighteenth century is remarkable and proof that hard slogging can get results.
Another area of study is to try and determine the exact areas in which a particular style of jewellery was worn and made. Most antique jewels on the market today have no indication of their provenance, and yet this is so important. If I buy a cross in Rouen I will try and find out from the seller where she obtained it and with luck I might be told that it was inherited from a grandmother who lived in Criqueboeuf sur Seine. This is important information, but even if I can't find out the history, the fact that it was bought in Rouen is always a good indication and should be noted. Of course families can move, or even collect jewels frbut perhaps 90% of jewels haven't moved far and the place one buys a jewel is always worth noting down. The largest croix de Saint Lô I ever bought was purchased in Epinal, perhaps as far away from Saint Lô in Normandy as you can get in France, and the seller was incapable of telling me how her family had obtained it. Hallmarks, where clearly visible, can in many cases identify the actual town in which the jewel was made.
The evolution of regional jewellery is another field with much to be discovered. I have set out on this site how I believe the croix de Rouen evolved from the simple croix drille, but the story of how the croix drille, the croix de Saint Lô and the croix de Caen evolved still needs to be discovered. To do this one needs to study all the jewels and photos possible to try to discern the subtle differences between them and with luck the hallmarks might help to date the various varieties.
"poissardes" in mother-of-pearl
and steel converted into a
pair of brooches
and gold
very large and rare poissardes in gold
Poissardes in gold
I believe that the poissarde ear pendants started out as simple polished mussel shells worn by fishmongers as a sign. With the inevitable evolution of jewels they were circled with brightly cut steel, then gold and were finally made entirely in gold, like the ones shown below. They finally evolved into the poissardes shown at the exteme right, where the oval shape of the mussel shell is but a distant memory.
It's also worth bearing in mind something that is all too often forgotten. The antique photos and postcards we see often show elderly women wearing the folk costumes and regional jewellery. The folklore clubs and dancing associations often lean towards an elderly membership and viewing public. But fashion is driven by the younger generation, and as the prefect of Normandy wrote in 1801, it was the younger women, especially those who frequented the markets, who drove the fashion for the high coiffes (lace head-dresses) for which Normandy became famous. (4) Two hundred years ago market days were the equivalent of the fashionable high streets of today, they were where one went to see and be seen. Regional jewels and costumes were fashion items.
Most collectors of French regional jewels content themselves with amassing as many objects as quickly as possible, often neglecting to research their subject sufficiently. Some take the time to find and consult the various references available and some even do some original research of their own. Regrettably, some of the latter jealously keep their findings to themselves. Where would we be today if the pioneers of science, medicine, physics and engineering had kept their discoveries to themselves rather than sharing them with the world? This site exists to share freely as much as is known about French regional jewellery as possible and I thank the collectors who regularly keep me informed of the results of their research and send me photos of their collections and finds. I encourage other collectors to do the same, and give back to this hobby a part of what it has given to you.
The market for antique French regional jewellery is a small niche, and it's complicated for a jeweller to find a buyer unless he has a client already or has the time to use the internet. For a collector, it's a costly and time-consuming hobby to try to build up a complete collection and few have attempted it. Whilst some regional jewels can't easily be worn today, many can if only more women displayed a bit of originality. Henri Clouset wrote in 1934 "if we could make the young generation understand that even on a dress of the latest fashion, a jaseron chain, a Jeannette cross and a Normandy slide are just as fashionable as a fantasy jewel made in a factory in the Marais." (5) French regional jewels are a part of our history, and whilst they may not be able to speak and tell us all they have seen, they are remarkable witnesses to our past cultural identity. An exhibition, like the one organised in 1997 and which was staged in several museums throughout France, has the power to enchant the public and stimulate collectors. Another similar exhibition is long overdue.
Many other jewels not visible on this website can be found in the book Traditional French Jewellery, in English - You can order it here direct from the author
Rapid identification guide for French regional crosses
Cross without Christ
articulated – North, Normandy, Languedoc Roussillon, Provence, Savoy
with arms of equal length - Savoy
with pendants – Béarn & Pyrénées, Brittany, Centre, North, Savoy
with diamonds – North, Picardy, Provence
with garnets or citrines – Auvergne, Languedoc Roussillon
with Rhinestones – Auvergne, Béarn & Pyrénées, Normandy, Provence
rod cross - Burgundy, Savoy
enamelled – Alsace, Languedoc Roussillon, Provence, Savoy
with filigree – Béarn & Pyrénées, North
with rays - Savoy (the flowered cross)
flat – Brittany, Centre, Dauphiné, Poitou, Provence, Savoy
reliquary - Brittany
tubular – Brittany, Savoy
Croix with Christ and without Mary
simple or openworked - Dauphiné, Savoy
with grains - Champagne, Ile-de-France
with pendants – Auvergne, Centre, Limousine, North
hollow with lens decor - Ile-de-France
hollow and flat - Provence
solid – Alsace, Champagne, Lorraine
tubular - Languedoc Roussillon, Savoy
Croix with Christ and Mary
simple or openworked - Alsace, Brittany, Centre, Savoy
enamelled – Auvergne
with pendants – Auvergne, Brittany, Centre, Limousine,
with rays – Brittany, Centre, Champagne, Savoy
reliquary- Brittany, Centre
(1) FERRY, Bruno., L'art patriotique face à l'annexion - Alsace-Lorraine -1871-1918. Editions du quotidien, Strasbourg, 2015.
(2) Planche de dessins de la Maison Baudet, 1810-1820, Michel Yvon
(3) LANTE et GATINE., Costumes des femmes du pays de Caux et de plusieurs autres parties de l'ancienne province de Normandie, le Goupey, 1827
(3) SAINT-AMAND, MASSON., Mémoire statistique du département de l'Eure, adressé au ministre de l'Intérieur d'après ses instructions par M. Masson Saint-Amand, préfet de ce département, publié par ordre du gouvernement. A Paris, de l'imprimerie impériale, an XIII
(4) CLOUSOT, Henri., Les Bijoux Populaires, Le Figaro, jeudi 9 août 1934
<< Sentimental jewellery -
Alsace - Lorraine >>


text:
Turkey again threatens to invade Greek islands if Athens refuses to demilitarize them
Archive – Turkey's Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu – Tamino Petelinsek/Sta/BSF/dpa
Turkey's Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu has again threatened Wednesday to invade the Greek islands if the Greek government continues to refuse to demilitarize them, as demanded by Ankara.
Cavusoglu, who indicated during a press conference that Turkish forces could «arrive suddenly during the night», pointed out that Ankara could also «challenge sovereignty» in other ways.
Asked about the possibility of carrying out military exercises on the islands of Rhodes and Lesbos, Cavusoglu reaffirmed that the «ball is in Greece's court».
His words have taken place during a meeting with his Romanian counterpart, Bogdan Aurescu, in which he has asserted that «Athens is to blame for the increase in tension» between the parties. «Greece is taking negative measures for its security despite the circumstances. It is militarizing the islands, so it is not possible to remain silent in the face of this. It is Greece that is violating this status,» he pointed out.
«That is why our honorable president says that we can come at any time,» he said in reference to Recep Tayyip Erdogan's words. The Romanian minister, for his part, has urged the parties to «resolve the disputes peacefully».
Peru's tourism loses almost six million euros a day due to protests
The Bolsonarista camp in front of the Brazilian Armed Forces barracks operated as a «mini-coup city».
Vatican-Benedict XVI revealed in a letter to his biographer nine weeks before his death that he resigned because he suffered from insomnia
Trump: «If I were president, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine would never have taken place»
Otárola urges Peruvian Congress to bring forward elections: «The country urgently requires it».
Arabic version of BBC radio closes after 85 years due to budget cuts
Zimbabwe court releases 26 arrested in police raid against opposition
O.Próx.- At least 42 arrested in police operation at Neve Yaakov synagogue shooter's home


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text:
Could Channing Tatum Return For 'G.I. Joe 3'?
by TJ Dietsch
in Movies, Movie News
Spoiler warning for those who haven't seen G.I. Joe: Retaliation, but ... Channing Tatum's Duke was seemingly killed off early in that film.
Those of us who followed the sequel's long road to the box office will recall rumors that Paramount Pictures abruptly moved its opening June 2012 to March 2013 so it could figure out a way to somehow expand the role of the actor, whose profile had risen significantly since 2009's Rise of Cobra. (For the record: The studio's official explanation of the move was to allow time for 3D conversion.)
So now that Tatum is an even bigger star, what are the odds of seeing Duke in the third film?
"You never know," director Jon Chu admitted to MTV. "Storm Shadow died in the first one and came back in the second one, and then other characters have died and never come back. The G.I. Joe world, the best thing about it is you never know who's coming back and who's not."
Chu signed on over the summer to helm the third film, based on a script by Snow White and the Huntsman writer Evan Daugherty. Although the project is in the early stages, the director is clearly excited by the possibilities.
"It's gonna be a really fun movie," he teased. "We're taking it in a whole new direction."
Tags: hasbro, paramount pictures, channing tatum, evan daugherty, g.i. joe, G.I. Joe 3, jon chu
Jason David Frank Releases Trailer for New Power Rangers-Inspired Film


text:
New Orleans police issue arrest warrant for Odell
Sources: Bills denied Giants permission to interview OC Daboll
Giants offensive line big issue for 2015
By John Fennelly | Feb 13, 2015 | 2:35PM
The offensive line has been a bone of contention for Giant fans and pundits alike the past few seasons. There are perceptions and misconceptions about the line, about how it's the worst in the game and the major priority again this offseason.
Providing on whose opinion you value the offensive line is still a priority. Others believe that fixing the defense is a more pressing need. Both camps are right.
The truth is, the offensive line has been getting piecemeal fixes the past two offseasons. In 2013, the Giants selected Justin Pugh in the first round of the draft. Last season, they spent a second round selection on Weston Richburg. They also added Geoff Schwartz, one of the league's top run-blocking linemen.
The fixes never got a real chance to set in. Schwartz broke his foot in the preseason and missed 15 games. Pugh suffered a sophomore jinx of sorts and was slowed by injury as well. Richburg, a center by trade, could not ace out free agent JD Walton in camp and ended up spelling Schwartz most of the season.
Will Beatty returned at LT and had a bounceback year of sorts. He had a Pro Football Focus rating of +13 on the season. RT John Jerry was able to play all 16 games, but the quality did not match the quantity.
Offensive line is still a priority, however, and some top draft experts believe the Giants will grab a top OL with the ninth overall selection on April 30.
ESPN's top two draft analysts, Mel Kiper, Jr. and Todd McShay, both have Iowa's Brandon Scherff mocked to the Giants at No. 9 in their latest predictions. NFL.com's Bucky Brooks does as well:
The Giants want to upgrade their offensive line with big, physical bodies on the edges. Scherff is a sound technician with strength to handle aggressive edge rushers.
Kiper and McShay see Scherff as a player who can handle both guard and tackle slots. NFL.com's Mike Mayock has Scherff listed as his top interior lineman.
WalterFootball.com has the Giants going OT with Miami's Ereck Flowers with Scherff dropping to the Vikings at No. 11.
Both would be helpful pickups, as would the return of a healthy Geoff Schwartz. The Giants have won four Super Bowls in their history. Just before they went on those runs, they retooled their offensive line.
They are doing it again. The offensive line will look much different in 2015, a season the Giants must show marked improvement in the standings.
This past week, the Giants signed the CFL's top lineman, Brett Jones of the Calgary Stampeders. Jones projects ad either a center or a guard. Should he arrive true to form and win the center position and Geoff Schwartz be able to assume a guard slot, the Giants will be on their way to rebuilding the line.
Here's what I see happening this summer...
Under contract: JD Walton, Dallas Reynolds, Brett Jones, Weston Richburg, Geoff Schwartz, Justin Pugh, Will Beatty, Brandon Mosley, Eric Herman, Adam Gettis, Michael Bamiro, Emmett Cleary, Troy Kropog
Free agents: James Brewer, John Jerry, Adam Snyder
Center: It's going to come down to Richburg and Jones with Walton probably getting pushed to the roster bubble. Richburg was drafted to be the center of the future but those apparently have been altered. The loser could end up at guard.
Tackle: Beatty was better in 2014, but the Giants can't be sold on him being the LT for much longer. Pugh had a nice rookie season in 2013, but his performance last season was not nearly as strong. There is a possibility a draft choice pushes one of them to another position, or the Giants swing Schwartz out to tackle.
Guard: Richburg or Jones will make a case for one of the spots and Schwartz, if not moved to tackle, will assume the other. If Scherff is drafted, he'll surely make that more difficult. Pugh could get moved inside as well, convoluting things further.
This is all contingent on the Giants not landing a viable free agent, which, with the salary cap rising, is not out of the question.
Tags: 2015 New York Giants, New York Giants, New York Giants Offensive Line
New Orleans police issue arrest warrant for former Giants WR Odell Beckham Jr.
Beckham is being accused of simple battery of police officer
Odell Beckham Jr. (Mark J. Rebilas)
Odell Beckham Jr. is already in trouble with LSU and the NCAA for handing out wads of cash to players after the NCAA football championship on Monday night.
Now he's in trouble with police, too.
An arrest warrant was issued for the former Giants receiver on Thursday morning, the New Orleans Police Department confirmed to ESPN, accusing Beckham of simple battery of a police officer. The charge is based on a video that showed him slapping a male officer on the butt in LSU's post-game locker room.
Tags: Odell Beckham Jr., Ralph Vacchiano
Sources: Bills denied Giants permission to interview offensive coordinator Brian Daboll
Daboll has worked well with Bills QB Josh Allen
By Ralph Vacchiano | Jan 15 | 10:03PM
Oct 29, 2018; Orchard Park, NY, USA; Buffalo Bills offensive coordinator Brian Daboll before a game against the New England Patriots at New Era Field. Mandatory Credit: Timothy T. Ludwig-USA TODAY Sports (Timothy T. Ludwig)
Joe Judge seems likely to hire an experienced offensive coordinator, and it might turn out to be Jason Garrett. But the new Giants coach had hoped to talk to Buffalo Bills offensive coordinator Brian Daboll about the job first.
The 44-year-old Daboll, who was on the New England Patriots staff with Judge from 2013-16, was high atop Judge's wish list when he was hired by the Giants, multiple sources told SNY. The Giants requested permission for Judge to interview Daboll, the sources said, but that permission was denied by the Bills.
That wasn't surprising, considering it would've been a lateral move for Daboll, who was a big part of why the Bills finished 10-6 this past season and made the playoffs for just the second time in the last 20 years. He's also earned rave reviews for his work with second-year quarterback Josh Allen. Daboll was so highly regarded that he interviewed for the Cleveland Browns head coaching job last week, and was reportedly a "sleeper" candidate before they hired Vikings offensive coordinator Kevin Stefanski instead.


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text:
Dawn Natelle
» A Second Chance -- Part 2
A Second Chance -- Chapter 68
Submitted by Dawn_Natelle on Sun, 2018/09/16 - 9:25am
General Audience (pg)
Novel Chapter
By Dawn Natelle
Here is the September installment of A Second Chance. There will be several more appearing monthly. First day of high school next month: Dawn
The Barron family was in the arrivals area of Pearson Airport in Toronto. Rachael was holding a colored drawing of the Zambia national flag, and Bobby held a sign reading 'Lullana'. The flight from Paris had arrived 20 minutes ago. Lullana had to fly to South Africa, then up to Europe, and finally over to Toronto. She must have been in the air for over 24 hours, counting layovers.
And that is when everything went to hell.
Three border security agents, two men and a woman, one walked up to the family, and asked Geoff: "Is your name Ray Barron?" Confused, Geoff said "No". "Is it Shel, or Sheldon?"
No, my name is Geoffery Walter Barron," he said.
"Alias then," one agent murmured to the other. "Are you here to meet a young lady named Lullana D'Tabe?"
"Yes we are," Geoff said with a smile. "Is she here?"
"Please turn around sir, and place your hands behind your back." Geoff complied, and handcuffs were placed on his wrists. "You are being held for suspicion of human trafficking. Please follow us."
"What? I didn't do anything wrong."
"Yeah, they all say that. Come with us," the men each took one of Geoff's arms and marched him away.
"We need to go with them," a suddenly frantic Maria said.
"No you don't. In fact you are safe now, and he can't hurt you again," the female agent said.
"He has never hurt me," Maria protested. He is my husband. We are just here to pick up an exchange student who will be studying in Canada for the school year. What is going on?"
Several hours before, a very tired Lullana was sitting in the rear of a jumbo jet. She had been amazed at the plane at first. Each leg of her journey had been on a bigger and bigger plane. The ride to Johannesburg had been on a small propeller-driven plane. Then the ride to Paris was on a larger jet, and finally the Air Canada jumbo jet to Toronto was bigger again. But after a few hours in the air on each plane, she became bored, and was quite happy when a stewardess on break sat down next to her on the final leg.
"Do I need to speak French in Canada," the girl asked, having seen the announcements at the start of the trip given bilingually.
"It depends on what part of the country you are going to?" she glanced at Lullana's ticket. "No, you are going to Toronto, and almost everyone there speaks English."
"My native tongue is Bemba, but we learn English in the school," the girl said.
"Really? Languages interest me," the stewardess said. "Can you speak a few words of it?"
"Ishina lyandi niLullana," Lullana said. "It means "My name is Lullana."
The waitress then had to dart away, but a half hour later she had another lull and sat next to the girl.
"So who are you going to see in Canada," the pretty hostess asked.
"Oh, I am going to meet Ray-Shel Barron," Lullana said. "They sent my bride price of four goats with the missionary, and I want to go see my new family. The missionary said they were very nice."
The attendant was gob-smacked. Did this young girl, a teenager, say that she had been purchased? She immediately left and went to alert the captain, who radioed ahead to Toronto to alert them of a potential crime.
---- -- -----
In the holding area Geoff was completely confused by the questions he was being asked. He had all Lullana's entry paperwork … or more to the point, Maria did, and she had been taken somewhere else, adding to his worries. When he asked to have someone either bring Maria too him, or at least send someone for the papers, the men scoffed, claiming they had no interest in forged papers.
Instead they asked how many other girls Geoff had brought to Canada in the past, and when he said none, there were more scoffs. He was continually asked about Ray, Raymond, Shel and Sheldon, which they referred to as his aliases. He was told that Lullana had identified him as having paid a bride price and he was illegally importing her to Canada.
They demanded he show his passport. "I can't. I didn't bring it with me," Geoff said.
"You can't travel without a passport," the agent said, as if it were important.
"But I am not travelling. I am only picking up an exchange student. This is all a big mistake," Geoff protested.
"Oh sure, they always are," the agent sneered.
_______ _____ ___
The agent with the rest of the family was having better luck. The agent with them actually listened, and with all the papers Maria was carrying, she was starting to think this might just be a misunderstanding. She explained the situation that the airline had relayed in, and suddenly it clicked for Rachelle.
"I am Ray-shel Barron," she said suddenly. "The girl must have an accent, and be speaking my name that way. I did pay her bride price, but not to marry her. I have a boyfriend, and am not into girls. I paid for four goats to get her father to allow her to come to Canada. She can learn so much more here. We hope she can do four years of high school in Ingersoll, and then four years of college. Our Presbyterian Church is sponsoring her trips back and forth, and my family is looking after her living expenses." Maria was nodding the entire time.
"And you are legally Mr. Barron's wife?" the agent asked Maria. "Yes. We have been living together for several months now, but we legally got married two weeks ago. I don't have the marriage certificate with me … we didn't think it would be needed. I can give you the number of the pastor who married me though, if you want to call?"
The agent did, and phoned Helen, finding her at home. She confirmed the marriage.
The woman agent then went into the other room, and related her findings to the men. They only glanced at the paperwork, declared it a forgery, and suggested that the call to Helen was a ruse. They were bound-bent that they had a human trafficker in custody and would only see evidence that supported the claim, and not what didn't. The Ray-Shel/Rachael explanation just went in one ear and out the other. They would not allow Maria to see her husband, insisting that she and Rachael were victims of Geoff, and declared that Rachael and Bobby were too old to be Maria's children. They said that he must have coerced them into claiming that.
Meanwhile, as soon as Helen got off the phone, she and Steve rolled into action. Helen got the church copy of the marriage license, glad that the church now had a secretary who was so efficient. Then they took off to Toronto in Steve's cruiser, travelling at 90 miles an hour with lights flashing, all the way to the airport, which is far enough out of Toronto so that traffic didn't delay them. They arrived 90 minutes later, and tried to find their way to the Barrons.
During this time, the female agent had gathered up the "forged papers" and went to her superior, who was also into the mind-set of the male agents, thinking they had a human trafficker. Then the woman took a big career risk, and went to her boss's boss, the director, telling her about what she had learned.
Steve and Helen entered the room where Geoff was, and he looked relieved to see people from Ingersoll. Steve showed his badge, and Helen got out the wedding license. Another forgery, the men said, and then looking at Steve's badge, one noted that: "We intercept dozens of these every week. No doubt some get through." He then took the badge, and tossed it in a trashcan. He then handcuffed both Steve and Helen, calling them 'suspected accomplices to human trafficking'.
That was the point where the director walked into the room. She sent the female agent off to bring the rest of the family to the meeting room. She ordered her agents to explain their findings, looking more and more disgusted at the lack of real evidence.
"What is it about these papers that makes you think they are forgeries," she asked.
The older agent finally looked at them for the first time. "Uhm, the logo here is a little off, and the signature is wrong."
"Did you compare them with known copies," the woman said sternly. "No, we didn't get around to them."
"I have one here from the front desk. Compare them."
The man gulped, and looked for some time. He then did the same with the visa, the educational permit, and the sponsorship forms from the church. "They all look genuine."
"So with that, the only evidence you have for having this man in cuffs is … a suspicion by a flight attendant who spent a few minutes with the girl. Is that right?" She then turned to Steve, then Helen, and finally back at Steve. "I know you. Your face is familiar."
"A mug shot?" the younger male agent said hopefully.
"Shut up," the director said. "No. I saw you on television a month or so back. You were involved in a grow op in a little town to the west. You were commended for killing a man who injured a SWAT officer, and then saved three boys from a burning building."
"Only two boys," Steve said. "And I really am the Inspector of the local police department. You can find my badge somewhere in that trashcan." He pointed. The younger agent fished into the can and brought out the badge, which wasn't damaged from its temporary discarding.
"I thought it was one of those forgeries that are always coming in from China," the older officer said.
"And how many of the forgeries are for Ingersoll Police, or any other rural force, for that matter?"
"None, ma'am," he said.
"And did you look at the paperwork under the badge? It is signed by the same Solicitor General that signed yours. Compare."
The men fished out their badges, and compared. "They look the same," the younger agent said.
Leave your badges on the bench, but give the Inspector his back. And get him out of those handcuffs, and …" she looked at Helen.
"His wife. Helen Winslow, junior pastor at Ingersoll West End Presbyterian Church. I brought the marriage certificate of Geoff and Maria."
"Who is Maria?"
"That is me," Maria said as she was brought into the room with her children. She rushed over to Geoff and hugged him. At first he was still handcuffed, but then he was released and was able to put his arms around her."
"These are?" the woman looked at Bobby and Rachael.
"I am Ray-shel Barron," Rachael said. "It was my name that caused all of this mixup."
"Your name and some really shoddy investigation," the woman said, turning to her embarrassed agents. "Would one of you go and get Lullana? I wish to meet this girl."
Five minutes later a thin girl was led into the room. Rachael was astonished. She was used to having beautiful friends … Larissa was a former fashion model. But Lullana actually looked prettier. She was tall and thin, with smaller breasts. She was wearing a lighter dress, and you could see that her legs, arms, and face were a darker black than most North American blacks. And the skin was flawless, without a blemish. Her black hair was curly, but less than an inch long. She had gorgeous deep brown eyes.
Rachael held up the flag she had made. Over the past three and a half hours, it had gotten rather tattered looking, but Lullana recognized it. "Ray-Shel?"
"That's me," Rachael said, and seeing that the girl was shy and timid she decide to embrace her. For a few seconds the taller black girl was stiff, and then she melted into Rachael, sobbing: "I was so lonely. They kept me in this little room. A couple times people came to ask me questions, then they left me alone. I don't like Canada so far."
After the girl stopped sobbing, Rachael introduced her family, starting with Bobby.
"You are very pretty," he said, the perfect statement, causing Lullana to smile, and immediately like the boy.
"This is my mother, Maria, and my new father Geoff: best baker in Ontario."
"Welcome to our little family, Lullana," Maria said. "We will do our best to make you like Canada really soon now."
"I am liking it better already," the black girl said.
"And these two are Steve, the Inspector for the Ingersoll Police. And his wife Helen, pastor of our church." Lullana tensed up at seeing Steve, but Helen immediately embraced her in a hug.
"In Kasaka the police only come when there is trouble," Lullana said tensely.
"Here the police help people," Rachael said. "Steve is a good guy and came all the way here on his night off to help us. He is a hero too: he pulled two guys out of a burning building not too long ago." This let Lullana relax and enjoy the hug.
Soon they were escorted to the luggage carousel to pick up the girl's single bag. The woman agent accompanied them: the other two and their manager were kept in the meeting room to be grilled over, and to see if they would be allowed to pick up their badges.
On the ride home Lullana sat between Rachael and Bobby and described her trip. Bobby had never been on an airplane, and asked many questions, and the girl quickly relaxed, noting that Bobby reminded her of her eight-year-old brother, who was always wanting to learn more.
"Maybe we can get him to come to Canada too, when he is older," Rachael suggested. Lullana's eyes went wide.
"That would be so wonderful. If both of us can learn here, and take it back to our people, it would be so good. The Canadian men, and the young girls who came to the clinic to help last month, know so much. Our men can build things, but sometimes they fall down. Your men … the hobos … know so much, and build things the right way."
"The nursing students will be coming home in a couple weeks, but next summer they will be there for four months. You will get to go home at the end of June, for two months, and then come back," Rachael explained. "But in between we are going to have so much fun."
------ --- -- -----
The next morning Lullana was up with the sun in spite of her long flight, which was still pretty early in late August. In Africa it would now be nearing noon. Rachael had spent the night in Grandpa's room, which had been empty since his passing. She decided that she would move into that room, and give Lullana hers. She felt honored to be in his room, and last night he had visited in a dream and told her he would love for her to share his room, since it make him feel closer to her.
Lullana was sitting on the couch when Rachael came out (it was handy having a small bathroom ensuite.) Last night when they finally got home, Rachael had shown Lullana the bathroom upstairs, and how everything worked. The girl even took a shower, which amazed her as much as the indoor toilet did. Rachael had to go into the bathroom to show her how to towel herself dry, and was again amazed at her wonderful skin tone.
Then, wearing a borrowed robe, Lullana, Rachael and Bobby all gathered on Bobby's bed, where Rachael realized that the girl would need help in reading, and intended to repeat the readings.
Now, it was breakfast. There were almost two weeks before school started, and so much to do. Lullana was surprised when Rachael made a full breakfast for her, and the family, with eggs, bacon, toast, and hash browns. Lullana said it was more food than they got back home all day.
Lullana had come in on a Monday: Geoff and Maria's day off, so Geoff was gone before the girls got up. They were early enough to catch Maria, and Rachael made up three plates for her to carry to the bakery, so Geoff, Mike and Maria could have a good breakfast there.
After the kids finished washing the dishes. Lullana got a tour of the kitchen, where she was amazed at how much food was in the fridge, freezer, and pantry shelves. Rachael was a little amazed as well. When it had been just the three of them in the old house, there never was so much food. She had forgotten how it was to be poor.
Bobby had already disappeared to find his biking friends, to get the most out of the scant remaining summer vacation. Rachael and Lullana unpacked her suitcase, and Rachael knew there was a need for a shopping trip. For one thing, heavier clothes would be needed for fall and winter: boots and even shoes. Lullana was used to wearing sandals.
After her things were packed in Rachael's closets, they carried Rachael's things down to Grandpa's closet, which Maria had cleared out several weeks ago. Rachael also took down several of her photos, including the one of her and Robert, the BFF shot with Mikki, and her sleepover photos.
"Don't worry, you will soon have some of your own to put up, Lullana," Rachael said.
"Oh no," the girl said. "That is much too expensive. We can't get used to all the Canadian luxuries."
Rachael laughed. She pulled out her phone, and took a shot of Lullana and showed it to her. "See, it is that easy to make a picture in Canada. And Mikki is a professional photographer, or nearly so. She would be upset if she couldn't take photos of you."
"Is that what I look like?" Lullana asked. "I had my picture taken for my passport, but that was only my face. It is interesting to see yourself like this."
Rachael closed the door to the closet, revealing the full-length mirror on it. "Look there. That is you."
Lullana stared into the mirror for nearly 15 minutes, moving about and seeing her reflection move about as she did. Rachael got into the picture a few times, and the girl was astounded, especially when she stood next to the mirror, and it looked like there were two Rachaels.
Thus it was nearly 10 when they got out, and headed down Mikkis. Carla and Larissa were both there, waiting eagerly to meet their new classmate. Once there Mikki went into photographer mode, taking Lullana down to the basement studio where she took some pictures of the girl alone, and some duet pictures with Larissa: the contrast between the beautiful girls made an excellent composition.
She also took BFF pictures with Lullana and Rachael, Lullana and Carla, Lullana and Larissa, and had Rachael snap the shutter of one with her and Lullana, after she had set up the camera and poses. Lullana would soon have numerous photos for her new room.
While all this was going on Rachael mentioned that Lullana was short of clothes and a shopping trip was in the works, and did the other girls want to come. There was a chorus of 'yesses.' Then Larissa noted that she had some clothes that were too small for her, and suggested that Lullana try them on.
So the gang headed over to Larissa's, where Lullana tried on dozens of outfits, including some from fashion shoots in Paris. The black girl was just thin enough to get into the older clothes. She wasn't as tall as Larissa, but the difference was mostly in Larissa's super-long legs, so skirts, shorts and dresses tended to fit perfectly. It was only jeans where the difference showed up.
----- - ----- ---
Lullana was fitting well into the family by Friday, with the girl helpful around the house, even to the point of making a Zambian feast for supper on Thursday to show off her culture. But Friday was Rachael's day to go to the farm, and Donna came in to pick up the girls at noon. In return they helped make lunch for the men in the barns.
When the men came in to eat, and meet the newcomer, Lullana kneeled down in front of an amazed Frank Jackson. She asked for his blessing as the headman of Ingersoll. She had seen the huge farm and the many cows coming into the barn for milking, and assumed that Frank must be rich beyond imagination: perhaps a King.
Rachael had to tell her that the Jackson's were an average farm family. "A bit above average," she said with a smile, "but nowhere near rich." Wealth in Canada is determined by money, not livestock, with the richest people having no cattle or other animals at all, she explained.
Rachael then noticed Steve, one of the twins, was acting oddly. He couldn't seem to keep his eyes off Lullana. When Rachael suggested that Robert and the girls would go for a ride on the horses after the dishes were done, Steve quickly invited himself along, although he seldom had ridden with Rachael in the past.
On the ride Steve saddled Lullana's horse and helped her mount, then stayed close to the girl, who didn't really seem to mind the attention. After the ride it was Steve who showed her how to brush down the horse. Before running off to the barns to help with the afternoon milking, Steve cornered Rachael as she was finishing up on Blackie.
"Rachael … uhm, your friend? Do you think I could ask her out to the movies tomorrow night? She is really beautiful, and I really like her."
"I noticed," Rachael said with a smile. Lullana was actually two years older than the Grade 9s, but was being placed in the Grade 9 class to compensate for the different education in Zambia. This made her only a year younger than Steve. "I'm okay with it, so long as you remember that she is pretty fragile, in a new country, a new world, really. Go slow with her, and if you hurt her I will personally make your life hell."
"I could never hurt her," Steve said. "I mean, she is sooo beautiful, and sooo perfect."
The two went to a movie Saturday night, and Rachael stayed up until Lullana was home. When she got in, Rachael could easily see that she was a taken by Steve and he was with her. Rachael had peeked through the blinds in Grandpa's room, and saw that Steve only kissed her on the cheek when he dropped her off. When Rachael came out, Lullana still had her hand on the cheek where she had been kissed.
Rachael made her run through the date step-by-step, starting with dinner in a Chinese restaurant, where Lullana found the food interesting, and occasionally similar to food back home. Then they went to the cinema, another first for the African girl. Steve was smart enough to choose a romantic-comedy instead of an action movie, and Lullana was enthralled watching the giant characters on the screen.
Apparently, halfway through the movie Steve had put his arm around the girl, and she really liked that, once she got over the surprise, and eventually cuddled right in with him. This allowed him to whisper explanations of some of the jokes in the movie that she missed due to cultural and linguistic differences. Finally, she admitted that he had kissed her cheek at the door.
"Will he want to do it again?" Lullana asked nervously. "I really, really like him."
"If he calls tomorrow or the next day, it will mean another date. You should let him take you next Saturday. Just tell him you want to try McDonald's for dinner this time. It is much cheaper than Wang's. He will appreciate you not spending all his money," Rachael said.
----- ----- ------
Sunday was church, of course, and Lullana went with the Barrons. Helen had asked that she say a few words to the congregation who was helping fund her stay, and Rachael had helped her prepare a short speech before she went on her date Saturday. As it was, the girl was so nervous that she begged Rachael go up to the front of the church with her, and help her through her speech. There was a tremendous applause from the congregation when they finished, and after the service many people stopped to chat and welcome her to Canada, making her feel wanted and appreciated. That, along with a short prayer to the painting, made her certain the long trip to Canada was worth it.
--- ------ -----
The girls went shopping on Monday, the last one before school (actually, the next Monday was labor day, a holiday, so no school and no shopping). Lullana had gone grocery shopping with Rachael in her first week in Canada, and was completely blown away by the amount of food in a single store. She was much more comfortable when she went the deli, meat market, and bakery, but still found it amazing that so much could be stored in even the smaller stores of the strip mall.
But the mall in London was even more amazing to her. (Maria drove all the girls there on her day off). The building was huge, and contained so many stores. Maria bought new clothes for both Rachael and Lullana, and the other girls had money from their parents to buy back-to-school clothing. Lullana needed the most, since all she had was thin sundresses, fine for summer, or year round in Africa, but woefully insufficient for the cooler fall weather that was coming. Rachael didn't need quite as much, but Maria bought her almost as much as Lullana – Maria had been waiting a long time to be able to treat her daughter with the money she now had. Maria also picked up more clothes for Bobby, who was growing. He had refused to come shopping, so she had to guess at his new sizes.
At the end of the day, the exhausted girls were dropped off at their homes, and then the Barron's took Lullana home, where Rachael and her filled their closets, working together one closet at a time.
That evening Lullana knelt the way Rachael had told her:
Dear Lord
Thank you for bringing me to Canada. I have not prayed to you before, but Rachael prays every night, and I think I should to. You have given me so much. Canada was scary at first, but it is such a rich country. I think I found a boyfriend. He called on Sunday afternoon and asked me to the movies again next Saturday. He sounded relieved when I said I wanted to go to McDonald's for dinner. Rachael is so smart. She is a great friend, and her Mom has bought me so many wonderful clothes. And they eat so much rich food here. I hope I don't get fat.
‹ A Second Chance -- Chapter 67 up A Second Chance -- Chapter 69 ›
Submitted by Christina H on Sun, 2018/09/16 - 9:55am
Once again a wonderful chapter of the engaging story I am so happy to see that the first impressions
of Canada were soon dispelled and the muppets of the immigration service were shown as they truly
were total Idiots.
Now back in Ingersoll she will soon see the wonderful nature of a wonderful country.
"Thank you for bringing me to Canada."
Submitted by dorothycolleen on Sun, 2018/09/16 - 10:13am
lovely !
Monthly chapters are good
Submitted by Wendy Jean on Sun, 2018/09/16 - 1:15pm
and the story remains fantastic.
Submitted by WillowD on Sun, 2018/09/16 - 1:25pm
I am happy right now.
Thanks for the story.
Culture shock is just that,
Submitted by Janice Lynn Miller on Sun, 2018/09/16 - 3:42pm
Culture shock is just that, when you come to a new part of the world, to find and see things you could never imagine previously in your life.
Interestingly however, is the fact that each culture has its own "flavor" in how it views and interacts with the world around it; so everyone who travels to other countries finds that out when they arrive there.Trying to compare your own culture to another, is like trying to compare apples to oranges. Just does not work. re: Lullana kneeling in front of Frank Jackson because of his numerous cattle.
This new African girl
Submitted by Samantha Heart on Sun, 2018/09/16 - 6:55pm
Will learn how to keep fit from Raxhel & the other girls. As for the 3 Male agents I'd say they should ALL 3 be fired AND charged with false detainment & arrest!
Love Samantha Renée Heart.
Submitted by JBP on Sun, 2018/09/16 - 9:52pm
I hope you don't stop this wonderful story anytime soon!!
I solved the one problem I had with you writing, especially the last chapter.
I run out of Kleenex. Now I just have a clean dish towel nearby.
JBP
Too Bad!
Submitted by dani4familyfun on Mon, 2018/09/17 - 11:37am
Too Bad the Stories are just once a month now. I miss the faster pace of what you wrote at the beginning.
You should make the new School year a book 2, so i dont have to page down so far to find the new story.
Keep Writing.
Dani4FamilyFun
end one start another
Submitted by Teek on Thu, 2018/09/20 - 11:57pm
I think you might want to reconsider your steps. Your story has ended, yet you keep going. Why? I agree with another poster that this should be a Book 2 not a continuation of the original story. A set of characters are allowed to continue their adventures, but a story needs to have an ending. Your original story was wrapped up nicely with a bow. Now you have a new character, new issues, and new adventures. Sure sounds like another story or Book 2 of the same series. I like the characters and will happily keep reading, but I also think endless stories take away from the world created. New adventures, new story. keep all old readers and possibly get a few new ones. Those are my thoughts, for whatever they are worth.
Keep Smiling, Keep Writing,
Keep Smiling, Keep Writing
This wonderful story
Submitted by Gianna Michelle on Wed, 2018/10/03 - 3:53pm
I have to agree with several if the other commenters. Please please please please!!!!!!!. Keep this story going on even if you take a break to write about something else please come back to this one and post more sometime or another.
Submitted by Ray Drouillard on Fri, 2018/10/12 - 12:33am
It's great the way they welcomed Lullana. I hope she makes good use of her time, and learns a lot.
And she already has a boyfriend. Will she become a Canadian farm girl? Or maybe Steve will make a life in her homeland and help bring to them some of the benefits of the modern world.
Such a welcome
Submitted by Jamie Lee on Tue, 2019/04/23 - 6:05pm
Lullana had quite the trip to reach Canada, only to get a not so nice welcome from a bunch of toilet paper agents.
Mistake number one: that flight attendant sticking her nose where it didn't belong. Instead of rushing off to the captain with misinformation, she should have asked more questions to get a clarification to what the girl said.
Mistake number two: butt wipes who are so jaded they can't recognize the truth when it slaps them in the face. And treating a girl who is a guest to the country as though she is an illegal, they didn't even have the dignity to leave a woman with her.
When Steve arrived it should have been a red flag that something wasn't as it was told to them, and should have made them do an actual investigation. On the outside all three should be fired because they failed to do their jobs and arrested someone because of a misunderstanding. But maybe they've been at that particular job too long and need reassigned to other positions after a few counseling sessions.
Lullana is lucky to have people who want to make her stay in Canada a pleasant one instead of what she received at the airport. Lullana coming from a society with different senses of wealth, availability of food, and climate may take her awhile to adjust to the change she now sees--the cold may be harder for her to get used to.
But how will she feel when she goes home after everything she experiences in Canada? Will she have trouble readjusting to the life she had at home?
A Second Chance-- Chapter 23
A Second Chance-- Chapter 3
A Second Chance -- Part 1
A Tale of Two Kitties
Obeying the law
She-ief
The Unicorn
ZZZA Second Chance -- Old Chapter 2


Members save 10% on monthly fees and get free installation and package savings with Best Buy Assured Living, an in-home smart technology system that connects caregivers and loved ones. Remote, real-time alerts notify you of falls, missed medications, emergencies and more.
Visit the Best Buy website to schedule an in-home appointment with an advisor.


Now that Bachelor Arie found love, proposed, changed his mind, said JUST KIDDING on national television, bought a ring for number two, proposed to her (also on national television), and is off cashing in his fifteen minutes of fame, I'll be focusing on other pop culture related episodes of the podcast.
I know those of you who don't watch The Bachelor are virtually high-fiving me right now!
In celebration of March Madness, my roommate Lara and I discus our SLAM DUNKS of the last year when it comes to pop culture topics. We also give examples of "around the rim" and AIR BALL moments. And there's a recurring poll of "Who would you date?" The answers vary, depending on the topic, but I always lean heavy in the direction of King Arthur.
I think my motives are clear.
Here's a link to Thomas Rhett's new album and The Greatest Showman soundtrack.
Don't know what we're talking about when we discuss Janet Jacket and JT's 2004 halftime show? Watch HERE and thank you YouTube!
I've linked to this so many times, that it's a bookmark on my computer. The Home Again kitchen scene. You're welcome.
I totally agree with Lara. Downsizing was TERRIBLE! 2 hours of my life I'll never, ever, ever get back!
Lara, I have never seen Star Wars either! Everyone thinks I'm crazy.
I have just started watching West Wing recently, too, and love it!


Now that you've got Comp basics down, and it's time to level up! Taking the foundational skills of 101 into consideration, 201 builds on the concepts of creating a structure by digging deeper into each necessary piece needed in order to understand how to build and maintain a compensation structure.
-Midpoints & widths – what does this mean and what does it determine?
18. www.payscale.com How many jobs do you have? Which scenario will work best for you? Do you have positions in multiple locations?
21. www.payscale.com Rita Patterson, CCP Manager, Customer Education https://www.linkedin.com/in/rita-patterson-ccp-5b039812 Mykkah Herner, MA, CCP Modern Comp Evangelist https://www.linkedin.com/in/mykkahherner First thing1 2 Second thing 3 Third thing Questions?


text:
von Ubisch ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Edgar von Ubisch, Direktor des Zeughauses
 Gerta von Ubisch  (auch: Gertrud von Ubisch; 1882–1965), deutsche Physikerin, Botanikerin, Pflanzengenetikerin und Hochschullehrerin; erste Professorin in Baden
 Leopold von Ubisch (1886–1965), Biologe

Siehe auch:
 Ubisch-Körper
 andere verwandte Schreibweisen bestehen als von Urbisch oder von Urbich

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Hugo Thorman of London ran the Berlin Marathon last Saturday 28th September in aid of Get Kids Going! He completed the race in an impressive 3:56.
Hugo kindly raised over £3000 for Get Kids Going! and we want to say a huge thank you for his kind support. Hugo is also greatly appreciative of everyone who donated to him on his Virgin Money Giving Page as well as off line donations. He is also quoted as saying how much respect he has for everyone who has worked so hard to raise money for the charity.
We at Get Kids Going! are greatly appreciative of everyone who runs for us and puts in the effort to raise money for the charity.


text:
Q: Meteor + Iron Router + JSZip not working I'm trying to create and serve a zip file using Meteor. Here's what I have:
Router.map ->
  @route "data",
    where: 'server'
    path: "/data"
    action: ->
      this.response.writeHead 200,
        'Content-Type': 'application/zip'
        'Content-Disposition': "attachment; filename=data.zip"
      zip = new JSZip()
      zip.file "Hello.txt", "Hello World"
      this.response.end zip.generate({ 'type': 'string', 'compression': 'DEFLATE'})

I have jszip.min.js and jszip-deflate.js. A zip file is created and I can download it, but I can't open the file with the archive manager (corrupted). If I open data.zip with a text editor I see "PK" plus two hex characters.
How can I create a zip file and return it?
ANSWER:
Use the default base64 encoding for zipping and specify the response encoding in the end/write method:
Router.map ->
  @route "data",
    where: 'server'
    path: "/data"
    action: ->
      this.response.writeHead 200,
        'Content-Type': 'application/zip'
        'Content-Disposition': "attachment; filename=data.zip"

      zip = new JSZip()
      zip.file "Hello.txt", "Hello World"
      file = zip.generate({ 'compression': 'DEFLATE' })

      this.response.end file, 'base64'

A: Use the default base64 encoding for zipping and specify the response encoding in the end/write method:
Router.map ->
  @route "data",
    where: 'server'
    path: "/data"
    action: ->
      this.response.writeHead 200,
        'Content-Type': 'application/zip'
        'Content-Disposition': "attachment; filename=data.zip"

      zip = new JSZip()
      zip.file "Hello.txt", "Hello World"
      file = zip.generate({ 'compression': 'DEFLATE' })

      this.response.end file, 'base64'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The 2000 Football Classic Doubles set featured 10 packs, a total of 20 figures, and introduced some of the games great Super Bowl foes together. Each pack also included a minature Lombardi Trophy.
Two little know sets were released in 2000 in conjunction with Wheaties breakfast cereal. Each of the 2 sets released consisted of 4 figures. Inside eact box of these special Starting Line-up Wheaties boxes was a trading card, collectible figure an d medal.
Although readily available at the time they now fetch a good price and are a nice subset to add to your Starting Line-up Collection.


Above is the title of an article by gadfly John Dvorak in PC magazine – the part before the colon. Dvorak comments on the possibility that the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) will start to sue people who rip CDs they've bought onto their computers or MP3 players. They would argue that the doctrine of "fair use" did not apply to this practice.
At first blush this appears ridiculous, but as the RIAA justifies its existence by suing anything with ears there might be something to this rumor. If the RIAA believed that ripping legally bought CDs was piracy they'd have to convince a court. They probably could find a gullible judge and prevail in court at least for a little while. The next step would be to ban time shifting with DVRs. At this point the lethargic public would rouse and squash the RIAA.
But all this is pretty far fetched. The record companies, the RIAA's bosses, have begun to sell MP3s without DRM. Thus they'd have to start suing themselves. Given their understanding of their own business they might be stupid enough to sue themselves, but the odds are against it. Of course if they sued themselves and won they might get such a huge judgment that they could sustain their failing business with the proceeds.
If at first you don't succeed sue, sue again.


text:
<!DOCTYPE html>

        <title>Rectangles</title>

I am heavily packed <DIV>