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Modeling acquisition of nicotine self-administration in rats
Nicotine is thought to underlie the reinforcing and dependence-producing effects of tobacco-containing products. Nicotine supports self-administration in rodents, although measures of its reinforcing effects are often confounded by procedures that are used to facilitate acquisition, such as food restriction, prior…
Nicotine is thought to underlie the reinforcing and dependence-producing effects of tobacco-containing products. Nicotine supports self-administration in rodents, although measures of its reinforcing effects are often confounded by procedures that are used to facilitate acquisition, such as food restriction, prior reinforcement training, or response-contingent co-delivery of a naturally reinforcing light. This study examined whether rats acquire nicotine self-administration in the absence of these facilitators. A new mathematical modeling procedure was used to define the criterion for acquisition and to determine dose-dependent differences in rate and asymptote levels of intake. Rats were trained across 20 daily 2-h sessions occurring 6 days/week in chambers equipped with active and inactive levers. Each active lever press resulted in nicotine reinforcement (0, 0.015, 0.03, 0.06 mg/kg, IV) and retraction of both levers for a 20-s time out, whereas inactive lever presses had no consequences. Acquisition was defined by the best fit of a logistic function (i.e., S-shaped) versus a constant function (i.e., flat line) for reinforcers obtained across sessions using a corrected Akaike information criterion (AICc) as a model selection tool. The results showed an inverted-U shaped function for dose in relation to the percentage of animals that acquired nicotine self-administration, with 46% acquiring at 0.015 mg/kg, 73% at 0.03 mg/kg, and 58% at 0.06 mg/kg. All saline rats failed to acquire as expected. For rats that acquired nicotine self-administration, multiple model comparisons demonstrated that the asymptote (highest number of reinforcers/session) and half learning point (h; session during which half the assymptote had been achieved) were justified as free parameters of the reinforcers/session function, indicating that these parameters vary with nicotine dose. Asymptote exhibited an inverted U-shaped function across doses and half learning point exhibited a negative relationship to dose (i.e., the higher the dose the fewer sessions to reach h). These findings suggest that some rats acquire nicotine self-administration without using procedures that confound measures of acquisition rate. Furthermore, the modeling approach provides a new way of defining acquisition of drug self-administration that takes advantage of using all data generated from individual subjects and is less arbitrary than some criteria that are currently used.
Cole, Natalie (Author)
Neisewander, Janet L (Thesis advisor)
Sanabria, Federico (Thesis advisor)
Bimonte-Nelson, Heather A. (Committee member)
Olive, Michael F (Committee member)
Neural plasticity in lower- and higher-level visual cortex processing
Perceptual learning by means of coherent motion training paradigms has been shown to produce plasticity in lower and higher-level visual systems within the human occipital lobe both supra- and subliminally. However, efficiency of training methods that produce consolidation in the…
Perceptual learning by means of coherent motion training paradigms has been shown to produce plasticity in lower and higher-level visual systems within the human occipital lobe both supra- and subliminally. However, efficiency of training methods that produce consolidation in the visual system via coherent motion has yet to be experimentally determined. Furthermore, the effects of coherent motion training on reading comprehension, in clinical and normal populations, are still nascent. In the present study, 20 participants were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions. Two conditions had a participation requirement of four days while two conditions required eight days of participation. These conditions were further divided into 500 or 1000 trials per day (4 x 500, 4 x 1000, 8 x 500, 8 x 1000). Additional pre-test and post-test days were used to attain timed pre- and post-tests on the Wide Range Achievement Test IV (WRAT IV) reading comprehension battery. Furthermore, a critical flicker fusion threshold (CFFT) score was taken on a macular pigment densitometer on the pre-test and post-test day. Participants showed significant improvement in CFFT levels, WRAT IV reading comprehension, and speed of completion between pre-test and post-test; however, degree of improvement did not vary as a function of training condition. An interaction between training condition and degree of improvement was evident in coherent dot motion contrast scores, with significant training plasticity occurring in the 4 x 1000 and 8 x 500 conditions.
Groth, Anthony (Author)
Náñez, José E. (Thesis advisor)
Hall, Deborah (Committee member)
Risko, Evan F. (Committee member)
Conveying controversial science: Sam Harris's "The Moral Landscape" and popular science communication
The academic literature on science communication widely acknowledges a problem: science communication between experts and lay audiences is important, but it is not done well. General audience popular science books, however, carry a reputation for clear science communication and are…
The academic literature on science communication widely acknowledges a problem: science communication between experts and lay audiences is important, but it is not done well. General audience popular science books, however, carry a reputation for clear science communication and are understudied in the academic literature. For this doctoral dissertation, I utilize Sam Harris's The Moral Landscape, a general audience science book on the particularly thorny topic of neuroscientific approaches to morality, as a case-study to explore the possibility of using general audience science books as models for science communication more broadly. I conduct a literary analysis of the text that delimits the scope of its project, its intended audience, and the domains of science to be communicated. I also identify seven literary aspects of the text: three positive aspects that facilitate clarity and four negative aspects that interfere with lay public engagement. I conclude that The Moral Landscape relies on an assumed knowledge base and intuitions of its audience that cannot reasonably be expected of lay audiences; therefore, it cannot properly be construed as popular science communication. It nevertheless contains normative lessons for the broader science project, both in literary aspects to be salvaged and literary aspects and concepts to consciously be avoided and combated. I note that The Moral Landscape's failings can also be taken as an indication that typical descriptions of science communication offer under-detailed taxonomies of both audiences for science communication and the varieties of science communication aimed at those audiences. Future directions of study include rethinking appropriate target audiences for science literacy projects and developing a more discriminating taxonomy of both science communication and lay publics.
Johnson, Nathan W (Author)
Robert, Jason S (Thesis advisor)
Creath, Richard (Committee member)
Martinez, Jacqueline (Committee member)
Sylvester, Edward (Committee member)
Lynch, John (Committee member)
Chronic stress and plasticity in the limbic system: implications for post traumatic stress disorder
The brain is a fundamental target of the stress response that promotes adaptation and survival but the repeated activation of the stress response has the potential alter cognition, emotion, and motivation, key functions of the limbic system. Three structures of…
The brain is a fundamental target of the stress response that promotes adaptation and survival but the repeated activation of the stress response has the potential alter cognition, emotion, and motivation, key functions of the limbic system. Three structures of the limbic system in particular, the hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and amygdala, are of special interest due to documented structural changes and their implication in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). One of many notable chronic stress-induced changes include dendritic arbor restructuring, which reflect plasticity patterns in parallel with the direction of alterations observed in functional imaging studies in PTSD patients. For instance, chronic stress produces dendritic retraction in the hippocampus and mPFC, but dendritic hypertrophy in the amygdala, consistent with functional imaging in patients with PTSD. Some have hypothesized that these limbic region's modifications contribute to one's susceptibility to develop PTSD following a traumatic event. Consequently, we used a familiar chronic stress procedure in a rat model to create a vulnerable brain that might develop traits consistent with PTSD when presented with a challenge. In adult male rats, chronic stress by wire mesh restraint (6h/d/21d) was followed by a variety of behavioral tasks including radial arm water maze (RAWM), fear conditioning and extinction, and fear memory reconsolidation to determine chronic stress effects on behaviors mediated by these limbic structures. In chapter 2, we corroborated past findings that chronic stress caused hippocampal CA3 dendritic retraction. Importantly, we present new findings that CA3 dendritic retraction corresponded with poor spatial memory in the RAWM and that these outcomes reversed after a recovery period. In chapter 3, we also showed that chronic stress impaired mPFC-mediated extinction memory, findings that others have reported. Using carefully assessed behavior, we present new findings that chronic stress impacted nonassociative fear by enhancing contextual fear during extinction that generalized to a new context. Moreover, the generalization behavior corresponded with enhanced functional activation in the hippocampus and amygdala during fear extinction memory retrieval. In chapter 5, we showed for the first time that chronic stress enhanced amygdala functional activation during fear memory retrieval, i.e., reactivation. Moreover, these enhanced fear memories were resistant to protein synthesis interference to disrupt a previously formed memory, called reconsolidation in a novel attempt to weaken chronic stress enhanced traumatic memory. Collectively, these studies demonstrated the plastic and dynamic effects of chronic stress on limbic neurocircuitry implicated in PTSD. We showed that chronic stress created a structural and functional imbalance across the hippocampus, mPFC, and amygdala, which lead to a PTSD-like phenotype with persistent and exaggerated fear following fear conditioning. These behavioral disruptions in conjunction with morphological and functional imaging data reflect a chronic stress-induced imbalance between hippocampal and mPFC regulation in favor of amygdala function overdrive, and supports a novel approach for traumatic memory processing in PTSD.
Hoffman, Ann (Author)
Conrad, Cheryl D. (Thesis advisor)
Olive, M. Foster (Committee member)
Hammer, Jr., Ronald P. (Committee member)
Sanabria, Federico (Committee member)
Exploring developmental mechanisms and function of Drosophila motoneuron dendrites with targeted genetic manipulation of Dscam
Specific dendritic morphologies are a hallmark of neuronal identity, circuit assembly, and behaviorally relevant function. Despite the importance of dendrites in brain health and disease, the functional consequences of dendritic shape remain largely unknown. This dissertation addresses two fundamental and…
Specific dendritic morphologies are a hallmark of neuronal identity, circuit assembly, and behaviorally relevant function. Despite the importance of dendrites in brain health and disease, the functional consequences of dendritic shape remain largely unknown. This dissertation addresses two fundamental and interrelated aspects of dendrite neurobiology. First, by utilizing the genetic power of Drosophila melanogaster, these studies assess the developmental mechanisms underlying single neuron morphology, and subsequently investigate the functional and behavioral consequences resulting from developmental irregularity. Significant insights into the molecular mechanisms that contribute to dendrite development come from studies of Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam). While these findings have been garnered primarily from sensory neurons whose arbors innervate a two-dimensional plane, it is likely that the principles apply in three-dimensional central neurons that provide the structural substrate for synaptic input and neural circuit formation. As such, this dissertation supports the hypothesis that neuron type impacts the realization of Dscam function. In fact, in Drosophila motoneurons, Dscam serves a previously unknown cell-autonomous function in dendrite growth. Dscam manipulations produced a range of dendritic phenotypes with alteration in branch number and length. Subsequent experiments exploited the dendritic alterations produced by Dscam manipulations in order to correlate dendritic structure with the suggested function of these neurons. These data indicate that basic motoneuron function and behavior are maintained even in the absence of all adult dendrites within the same neuron. By contrast, dendrites are required for adjusting motoneuron responses to specific challenging behavioral requirements. Here, I establish a direct link between dendritic structure and neuronal function at the level of the single cell, thus defining the structural substrates necessary for conferring various aspects of functional motor output. Taken together, information gathered from these studies can inform the quest in deciphering how complex cell morphologies and networks form and are precisely linked to their function.
Hutchinson, Katie Marie (Author)
Duch, Carsten (Thesis advisor)
Neisewander, Janet (Thesis advisor)
Newfeld, Stuart (Committee member)
Smith, Brian (Committee member)
Orchinik, Miles (Committee member)
Intracortical microstimulation of somatosensory cortex: functional encoding and localization of neuronal recruitment
Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) within somatosensory cortex can produce artificial sensations including touch, pressure, and vibration. There is significant interest in using ICMS to provide sensory feedback for a prosthetic limb. In such a system, information recorded from sensors on the…
Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) within somatosensory cortex can produce artificial sensations including touch, pressure, and vibration. There is significant interest in using ICMS to provide sensory feedback for a prosthetic limb. In such a system, information recorded from sensors on the prosthetic would be translated into electrical stimulation and delivered directly to the brain, providing feedback about features of objects in contact with the prosthetic. To achieve this goal, multiple simultaneous streams of information will need to be encoded by ICMS in a manner that produces robust, reliable, and discriminable sensations. The first segment of this work focuses on the discriminability of sensations elicited by ICMS within somatosensory cortex. Stimulation on multiple single electrodes and near-simultaneous stimulation across multiple electrodes, driven by a multimodal tactile sensor, were both used in these experiments. A SynTouch BioTac sensor was moved across a flat surface in several directions, and a subset of the sensor's electrode impedance channels were used to drive multichannel ICMS in the somatosensory cortex of a non-human primate. The animal performed a behavioral task during this stimulation to indicate the discriminability of sensations evoked by the electrical stimulation. The animal's responses to ICMS were somewhat inconsistent across experimental sessions but indicated that discriminable sensations were evoked by both single and multichannel ICMS. The factors that affect the discriminability of stimulation-induced sensations are not well understood, in part because the relationship between ICMS and the neural activity it induces is poorly defined. The second component of this work was to develop computational models that describe the populations of neurons likely to be activated by ICMS. Models of several neurons were constructed, and their responses to ICMS were calculated. A three-dimensional cortical model was constructed using these cell models and used to identify the populations of neurons likely to be recruited by ICMS. Stimulation activated neurons in a sparse and discontinuous fashion; additionally, the type, number, and location of neurons likely to be activated by stimulation varied with electrode depth.
Overstreet, Cynthia K (Author)
Helms Tillery, Stephen I (Thesis advisor)
Santos, Veronica (Committee member)
Buneo, Christopher (Committee member)
Otto, Kevin (Committee member)
Santello, Marco (Committee member)
Optimization of menopausal hormone therapies for cognitive and brain aging using a rat model
Each year, millions of aging women will experience menopause, a transition from reproductive capability to reproductive senescence. In women, this transition is characterized by depleted ovarian follicles, declines in levels of sex hormones, and a dysregulation of gonadotrophin feedback loops.…
Each year, millions of aging women will experience menopause, a transition from reproductive capability to reproductive senescence. In women, this transition is characterized by depleted ovarian follicles, declines in levels of sex hormones, and a dysregulation of gonadotrophin feedback loops. Consequently, menopause is accompanied by hot flashes, urogenital atrophy, cognitive decline, and other symptoms that reduce quality of life. To ameliorate these negative consequences, estrogen-containing hormone therapy is prescribed. Findings from clinical and pre-clinical research studies suggest that menopausal hormone therapies can benefit memory and associated neural substrates. However, findings are variable, with some studies reporting null or even detrimental cognitive and neurobiological effects of these therapies. Thus, at present, treatment options for optimal cognitive and brain health outcomes in menopausal women are limited. As such, elucidating factors that influence the cognitive and neurobiological effects of menopausal hormone therapy represents an important need relevant to every aging woman. To this end, work in this dissertation has supported the hypothesis that multiple factors, including post-treatment circulating estrogen levels, experimental handling, type of estrogen treatment, and estrogen receptor activity, can impact the realization of cognitive benefits with Premarin hormone therapy. We found that the dose-dependent working memory benefits of subcutaneous Premarin administration were potentially regulated by the ratios of circulating estrogens present following treatment (Chapter 2). When we administered Premarin orally, it impaired memory (Chapter 3). Follow-up studies revealed that this impairment was likely due to the handling associated with treatment administration and the task difficulty of the memory measurement used (Chapters 3 and 4). Further, we demonstrated that the unique cognitive impacts of estrogens that become increased in circulation following Premarin treatments, such as estrone (Chapter 5), and their interactions with the estrogen receptors (Chapter 6), may influence the realization of hormone therapy-induced cognitive benefits. Future directions include assessing the mnemonic effects of: 1) individual biologically relevant estrogens and 2) clinically-used bioidentical hormone therapy combinations of estrogens. Taken together, information gathered from these studies can inform the development of novel hormone therapies in which these parameters are optimized.
Engler-Chiurazzi, Elizabeth (Author)
Bimonte-Nelson, Heather A. (Thesis advisor)
Hoffman, Steven (Committee member)
Evaluating and controlling glioblastoma infiltration
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor with an incidence of approximately 11,000 Americans. Despite decades of research, average survival for GBM patients is a modest 15 months. Increasing the extent of GBM resection increases patient survival. However,…
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor with an incidence of approximately 11,000 Americans. Despite decades of research, average survival for GBM patients is a modest 15 months. Increasing the extent of GBM resection increases patient survival. However, extending neurosurgical margins also threatens the removal of eloquent brain. For this reason, the infiltrative nature of GBM is an obstacle to its complete resection. We hypothesize that targeting genes and proteins that regulate GBM motility, and developing techniques that safely enhance extent of surgical resection, will improve GBM patient survival by decreasing infiltration into eloquent brain regions and enhancing tumor cytoreduction during surgery. Chapter 2 of this dissertation describes a gene and protein we identified; aquaporin-1 (aqp1) that enhances infiltration of GBM. In chapter 3, we describe a method for enhancing the diagnostic yield of GBM patient biopsies which will assist in identifying future molecular targets for GBM therapies. In chapter 4 we develop an intraoperative optical imaging technique that will assist identifying GBM and its infiltrative margins during surgical resection. The topic of this dissertation aims to target glioblastoma infiltration from molecular and cellular biology and neurosurgical disciplines. In the introduction we; 1. Provide a background of GBM and current therapies. 2. Discuss a protein we found that decreases GBM survival. 3. Describe an imaging modality we utilized for improving the quality of accrued patient GBM samples. 4. We provide an overview of intraoperative contrast agents available for neurosurgical resection of GBM, and discuss a new agent we studied for intraoperative visualization of GBM.
Georges, Joseph F (Author)
Feuerstein, Burt G (Thesis advisor)
Smith, Brian H. (Thesis advisor)
Van Keuren-Jensen, Kendall (Committee member)
Deviche, Pierre (Committee member)
Bennett, Kevin (Committee member)
The effects of maternal separation on adult methamphetamine self-administration: extinction, reinstatement, and MeCP2 immunoreactivity in the nucleus accumbens
The maternal separation (MS) paradigm is an animal model of early life stress. Animals subjected to MS during the first two weeks of life display altered behavioral and neuroendocrinological stress responses as adults. MS also produces altered responsiveness to and…
The maternal separation (MS) paradigm is an animal model of early life stress. Animals subjected to MS during the first two weeks of life display altered behavioral and neuroendocrinological stress responses as adults. MS also produces altered responsiveness to and self-administration (SA) of various drugs of abuse including cocaine, ethanol, opioids, and amphetamine. Methamphetamine (METH) causes great harm to both the individual user and to society; yet, no studies have examined the effects of MS on METH SA. This study was performed to examine the effects of MS on the acquisition of METH SA, extinction, and reinstatement of METH-seeking behavior in adulthood. Given the known influence of early life stress and drug exposure on epigenetic processes, group differences in levels of the epigenetic marker methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core were also investigated. Long-Evans pups and dams were separated on postnatal days (PND) 2-14 for either 180 (MS180) or 15 min (MS15). Male offspring were allowed to acquire METH SA (0.05 mg/kg/infusion) in 15 2-hr daily sessions starting at PND67, followed by extinction training and cue-induced reinstatement of METH-seeking behavior. Rats were then assessed for MeCP2 levels in the NAc core by immunohistochemistry. The MS180 group self-administered significantly more METH and acquired SA earlier than the MS15 group. No group differences in extinction or cue-induced reinstatement were observed. MS15 rats had significantly elevated MeCP2-immunoreactive cells in the NAc core as compared to MS180 rats. Together, these data suggest that MS has lasting influences on METH SA as well as epigenetic processes in the brain reward circuitry.
Lewis, Candace (Author)
Olive, Micheal F (Thesis advisor)
Conrad, Cheryl (Committee member)
Neisewander, Janet (Committee member)
Hippocampal BDNF mediates recovery from chronic stress-induced spatial reference memory deficits
Chronic restraint stress impairs hippocampal-mediated spatial learning and memory, which improves following a post-stress recovery period. Here, we investigated whether brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein important for hippocampal function, would alter the recovery from chronic stress-induced spatial memory…
Chronic restraint stress impairs hippocampal-mediated spatial learning and memory, which improves following a post-stress recovery period. Here, we investigated whether brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein important for hippocampal function, would alter the recovery from chronic stress-induced spatial memory deficits. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were infused into the hippocampus with adeno- associated viral vectors containing the coding sequence for short interfering (si)RNA directed against BDNF or a scrambled sequence (Scr), with both containing the coding information for green fluorescent protein to aid in anatomical localization. Rats were then chronically restrained (wire mesh, 6h/d/21d) and assessed for spatial learning and memory using a radial arm water maze (RAWM) either immediately after stressor cessation (Str-Imm) or following a 21-day post-stress recovery period (Str-Rec). All groups learned the RAWM task similarly, but differed on the memory retention trial. Rats in the Str-Imm group, regardless of viral vector contents, committed more errors in the spatial reference memory domain than did non-stressed controls. Importantly, the typical improvement in spatial memory following recovery from chronic stress was blocked with the siRNA against BDNF, as Str-Rec-siRNA performed worse on the RAWM compared to the non-stressed controls or Str-Rec-Scr. These effects were specific for the reference memory domain as repeated entry errors that reflect spatial working memory were unaffected by stress condition or viral vector contents. These results demonstrate that hippocampal BDNF is necessary for the recovery from stress-induced hippocampal dependent spatial memory deficits in the reference memory domain.
Ortiz, J. Bryce (Author)
Taylor, Sara (Committee member)
ASU Electronic Theses and Dissertations 194
Embryo Project Articles 1
Embryo Project Encyclopedia 1
Arizona State University 194
Santello, Marco 25
Neisewander, Janet 22
Bimonte-Nelson, Heather A. 15
Buneo, Christopher 15
Helms Tillery, Stephen 13
Muthuswamy, Jitendran 13
Sanabria, Federico 13
Conrad, Cheryl D. 12
Newbern, Jason 11
Greger, Bradley 10
Kleim, Jeffrey 10
Neisewander, Janet L 10
Olive, Michael F 10
Buneo, Christopher A 9
Rogalsky, Corianne 9
Smith, Brian H. 9
Vu, Eric 9
Orchinik, Miles 8
Si, Jennie 8
Academic theses 194
Doctoral Dissertation 122
Masters Thesis 72
Interactive multimedia--Authoring programs--Design. 1


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Glenn L. Duncan
March 13, 1947 ~ December 24, 2021 (age 74)
Glenn L. Duncan 74, of Malta, passed away at 10:04 a.m. December 24, 2021 at Marietta Memorial Hospital in Marietta. He was born March 13, 1947 in Athens County the son of the late, Glenn Dalton Duncan and Ruth Gibeaut Duncan. Glenn worked at Taylor Woodcraft and the State of Ohio. He was a member of the Meigs Church of Christ and Clemente Amitie Lodge # 285 F&AM of Reinersville. He is survived by his wife, Rosemary Hunter Duncan whom he married August 5, 1964; children, Rosalee(James) Powers of McConnelsville, Rita (Marty) Wilson of Reinersville, Michael (Shelly) Duncan of McConnelsville, and Rebecca (Joe) Slivka of Malta; ten grandchildren; and several great grandchildren. In addition to his parents, he was preceded in death by three brothers, Frank Duncan, Andy Duncan and Mike Duncan. At his request, a cremation will take place and a Masonic service and private memorial service will be held at a later date at Meigs Church of Christ. Miller-Huck Funeral Home in McConnelsville is entrusted with arrangements. Memorial contributions may be made to the funeral home to assist with funeral expenses. Online condolences may be sent to the family at www.miller-huck.com
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Why can't I take my own advice? Seriously.
This morning as the kids were getting their suits on to go to the spray park, there was a knock at the door and Mara stuck her head in. I walked out into the living room, holding one kid or another, wondering where the others were, and hoping that whoever had just come into my house was someone I knew.
Luckily it was, and she was there to tell me there was a change of plan.
"It's dollar bowling day! Let's go bowling instead of to the spray park!"
I quickly agreed, which was proof positive that I'd blocked out my last bowling experience, and we quickly changed wardrobe and zoomed off to meet my friend Laura (Who just started her own blog called Deen Bom. Check her out!).
We arrived with our twelve kids in tow and in roughly six hours we had socks and bowling shoes on them all.
Seth immediately ran out onto a lane and slid about four feet past where I could reach him, and that's when it hit me with startling clarity: This was a questionable decision.
Seth screamed like a banshee every second he wasn't literally throwing the ball down the lane (although the tenth of a second that he WAS bowling he was adorably excited and yelled "Go!" helpfully every time he rolled the ball). After he bowled each time, I carried him as far away as possible and plopped him into a seat, after which it took exactly one second for him to be back up in everyone's business, including the poor people on either side of us who had no idea what they were getting into.
Evany decided she was starving to death right in the thick of a buzzing beehive of children circling around, arguing over whose ball was whose, which was heavier, and who was bowling on which lane. It was all good natured, but it was beyond chaotic for a while. Seth was draping himself over balls, Daniel accidentally wandered into another lane and come thisclose to getting creamed, his mom ran up to save him with Evany in one arm. The girls all circled around to cheer for each other and everyone was on top of one another.
It took us two hours to play one game, and by the time we left, all four of my kids were tired, cranky, and beyond whiny (I was tired, cranky, and whiny within about ten minutes, to be honest). There were at least ten times I said "Why did we do this again?"
And then I remembered. Because as trying and stressful and as it was to be one of three adults facilitating an afternoon of bowling for a ton of kids, to Ava and Jace and even Seth today, they had a blast. Yes, I get tired. I feel lazy. I want to sit around and chat while eating ice cream while my kids play idyllically by my feet. But for my kids, these raucous, crazy days are the things that are going to be the building blocks of what they remember a their childhood. And that's what I want for them, to remember how they went bowling and slid down the lane or walked around Busch Gardens in the pouring rain or how we stopped at the guitar store and formed a pretend band. I'll remember the looks on their faces a lot longer than I'll remember that I was tired or stressed out.
So I guess I'll take one for the team. It's worth it.
(Although I would like to special order a couple of those ice cream days, too, if that's ok.)


Home Bankruptcy Questions What is a Confirmation Hearing?
A Confirmation Hearing is the court hearing in which the judge determines whether or not the Chapter 13 payment plan proposed is confirmed or not confirmed. Having a confirmation hearing does not guarantee a confirmation, but with the right bankruptcy attorney, a confirmation hearing can be a relatively painless task.


Lagavulin Distiller's Edition is a vintage expression of Lagavulin, matured for the same patient 16 years as the distillery's core expression, but blended from whiskies distilled in a single year. The Distiller's Edition also receives a second maturation period in sweet Pedro Ximenez sherry casks. This vintage was distilled in 2001 and bottled in 2017.
On the nose, Lagavulin's signature briny, smoky peatiness bursts forth tempered by bright fruity notes, vanilla and caramel. Smooth and full bodied on the palate, peat and smoke flavours maintain their prominence, complimented by oak and leather. Fruitier notes appear leading into the finish. A bold and highly acclaimed dram.


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Reading Library
The Journals
The Old Santa Fe Trail
The Prairie
Personal Recollections
The Price of the Prairie
Kansas Facts: Information about The Counties of the State
The American Indian as Participant in the Civil War
Expansion and Conflict, by William E. Dodd
Governors of the State of Kansas
The Ranche On The Oxhide
Adventures While Preaching the Gospel of Beauty
The Life of Hon. William F. Cody
The Border and the Buffalo
Kansas State Evolution: How the Culture & Traditions Survived In the Harsh Timelines
The University Of Hesperus (aka University of Kansas)
Chapter IX: Passing of the Pony Express
Chapter VIII: Early Overland Mail Routes
Chapter VII:Anecdotes of the Trail and Honor Roll
Written by William F. Cody
Category: The Life of Hon. William F. Cody, Known as Buffalo Bill, the Famous Hunter, Scout and Guide An Autobiography
Texas Jack and I spent several weeks in hunting in the western part of Nebraska, and at the end of our vacation we felt greatly reinvigorated and ready for another theatrical campaign.
We accordingly proceeded to New York and organized a company for the season of 1873-74. Thinking that Wild Bill would be quite an acquisition to the troupe, we wrote to him at Springfield, Missouri, offering him a large salary if he would play with us that winter. He was doing nothing at the time, and we thought that he would like to take a trip through the States, as he had never been East.
Wild Bill accepted our offer, and came on to New York; though he told us from the start that we could never make an actor out of him. Although he had a fine stage appearance and was a handsome fellow, and possessed a good strong voice, yet when he went upon the stage before an audience, it was almost impossible for him to utter a word. He insisted that we were making a set of fools of ourselves, and that we were the laughing-stock of the people. I replied that I did not care for that, as long as they came and bought tickets to see us.
Wild Bill was continually playing tricks upon the members of the company, and it was his especial delight to torment the "supers." Quite frequently in our sham Indian battles he would run up to the "Indians" (the supers), and putting his pistol close to their legs, would fire at them and burn them with the powder, instead of shooting over their heads. This would make them dance and jump, so that it was difficult to make them fall and die--although they were paid twenty-five cents each for performing the "dying business." The poor "supers" often complained to me about this, and threatened not to go on the stage and be killed again if that man Wild Bill did not stop shooting and burning their legs. I would order Wild Bill to stop his mischief; he would laugh and then promise not to do it any more. But it would not be long before he was at his old tricks again.
My company, known as the "Buffalo Bill Combination," did a fine business, all through the East. Wild Bill continued his pranks, which caused us considerable annoyance, but at the same time greatly amused us.
One day at Titusville, Pennsylvania, while Burke, the business agent, was registering our names and making arrangements for our accommodation, several of us started for the billiard room; but were met by the landlord, who stopped me and said that there was a party of roughs from the lower oil region who were spreeing, and had boasted that they were staying in town to meet the Buffalo Bill gang and clean them out. The landlord begged of me not to allow the members of the troupe to enter the billiard room, as he did not wish any fight in his house. To please the landlord, and at his suggestion, I called the boys up into the parlor and explained to them the situation. Wild Bill wanted to go at once and fight the whole mob, but I persuaded him to keep away from them during the day.
In order to entirely avoid the roughs, the members of the company entered the theater through a private door from the hotel, as the two buildings joined each other. While I was standing at the door of the theater taking the tickets, the landlord of the hotel came rushing up and said that Wild Bill was having a fight with the roughs in the bar-room. It seemed that Bill had not been able to resist the temptation of going to see what kind of a mob it was that wanted to test the pluck of the Buffalo Bill party; and just as he stepped into the room, one of the bruisers put his hand on his shoulder and said:
"Hello, Buffalo Bill! we have been looking for you all day."
"My name is not Buffalo Bill; you are mistaken in the man," was the reply.
"You are a liar!" said the bruiser.
Bill instantly knocked him down, and then seizing a chair he laid out four or five of the crowd on the floor, and drove the rest out of the room. All this was done in a minute or two, and by the time I got down stairs, Bill was coming out of the bar-room, whistling a lively tune.
"Well!" said he, "I have been interviewing that party who wanted to clean us out."
"I thought you promised to come into the Opera House by the private entrance?"
"I did try to follow that trail, but I got lost among the cañons, and then I ran in among the hostiles," said he; "but it is all right now. They won't bother us any more. I guess those fellows have found us." And sure enough they had. We heard no more of them after that.
Another incident occurred, one night, at Portland, Maine. Bill found it impossible to go to sleep at the hotel on account of the continued talking of some parties who were engaged in a game of cards in an adjoining room. He called to them several times to make less noise, but they paid little or no attention to him. He finally got up and went to the room with the intention of cleaning out the whole crowd. He knocked and was admitted; greatly to his surprise, he found the party to be some merchants of the city, whom he had met the previous day. They were playing poker, and invited him to take a hand. Bill sat down at the table, and said that, inasmuch as they would not let him sleep, he wouldn't mind playing for a while, provided they would post him a little in the game, for he didn't know much about it. At first he didn't play very well, intentionally making many blunders and asking numerous questions; but when morning came, he was about seven hundred dollars ahead. Bill put the money in his pocket, and just as he was leaving the room he advised them never to wake a man up and invite him to play poker.
Wild Bill remained with me until we reached Rochester. I met my family there, and having bought some property in that city, with the intention of making the place my home, I asked Bill not to cut up any of his capers, for I wanted the performance to go off smoothly, as I expected a large audience that evening. He, of course, promised to behave himself. When the curtain rose the house was crowded. The play proceeded finely until the Indian fight in the second act, when Bill amused himself by his old trick of singeing the legs of the "supers."
After the curtain dropped, the "supers" complained to me about it. Bill's conduct made me angry, and I told him that he must either stop shooting the "supers," or leave the company. He made no reply, but went to the dressing-room and changed his buckskin suit for his citizen's dress, and during one of my scenes I looked down in front and saw him elbowing his way through the audience and out of the theater. When I had finished the scene, and had retired from the stage, the stage-carpenter came up and said:
"That long-haired gentleman, who passed out a few minutes ago, requested me to tell you that you could go to thunder with your old show."
That was the last time that Wild Bill and I ever performed together on the stage. After the evening's entertainment I met him at the Osborn House. By this time he had recovered from his mad fit and was in as good humor as ever. He had made up his mind to leave for the West the next day. I endeavored to persuade him to remain with me till spring, and then we would go together; but it was of no use. I then paid him the money due him, and Jack and myself made him a present of $1,000 besides.
Bill went to New York the next day, intending to start west from there. Several days afterwards I learned that he had lost all his money in New York by playing faro; also that a theatrical manager had engaged him to play. A company was organized and started out, but as a "star" Wild Bill was not a success; the further he went the poorer he got. This didn't suit Bill by any means, and he accordingly retired from the stage. The company, however, kept on the road, using Bill's name, and employing an actor to represent him not only on the stage but on the street and elsewhere. Bill heard of this deception and sent word to the manager to stop it, but no attention was paid to his message.
Finally, Bill resolved to have satisfaction and he proceeded to a town where the company was to play; he entered the theater and took a seat near the stage, and watched the performance until the bogus Wild Bill appeared. He then sprang upon the stage, knocked the actor clear through one of the scenes, and grabbing the manager by the shoulders he threw him over the foot-lights into the orchestra.
The other actors screamed and yelled "Police!" The audience could not at first understand what it all meant, some of them supposing the affair to be a part of the play.
Wild Bill retired from the stage in good order, resumed his seat, and told them to go on with their show. A policeman now appearing, Bill was pointed out as the disturber of the peace; the officer tapping him on the shoulder, said:
"I'll have to arrest you, sir."
"How many of you are there?" asked Bill.
"Only myself," said the policeman.
"You had better get some help," said Bill. The officer then called up another policeman, and Bill again asked:
"How many of you are there now?"
"Two," was the reply.
"Then I advise you to go out and get some more reinforcements," said Bill, very coolly.
The policemen thereupon spoke to the sheriff, who was dressed in citizen's clothes. The sheriff came up and said he would have to take him into custody.
"All right, sir," replied Bill, "I have no objections to walking out with you, but I won't go with any two policemen." At the court next morning Bill stated his reasons for having acted as he had done, and the judge fined him only three dollars and costs.
This was the last time that Wild Bill appeared on the stage. He shortly afterwards returned to the West, and on arriving at Cheyenne, he visited Boulder's gambling room and sat down at a faro table. No one in the room recognized him, as he had not been in Cheyenne for several years. After losing two or three bets he threw down a fifty dollar bill and lost that also. Boulder quietly raked in the money. Bill placed a second fifty dollar note on another card, when Boulder informed him that the limit was twenty-five dollars.
"You have just taken in a fifty dollar bill which I lost," said Bill.
"Well you needn't make any more such bets, as I will not go above my limit," replied Boulder.
"I'll just play that fifty dollar bill as it lays. If it loses, it's yours; if it wins, you'll pay me fifty dollars, or I'll know the reason why."
"I am running this game, and I want no talk from you, sir," said Boulder.
One word brought on another, until Boulder threatened to have Bill put out of the house. Bill was carrying the butt end of a billiard cue for a cane, and bending over the table, he said: "You'd rob a blind man." Then he suddenly tapped Boulder on the head with the cane, with such force as to knock him over. With another sweep of the cane he tumbled the "look-out" from his chair, and then reaching over into the money drawer he grabbed a handful of greenbacks and stuck them in his pocket.
At this stage of the game four or five men--who were employed as "bouncers" for the establishment to throw out the noisy persons--rushed up to capture Bill, but he knocked them right and left with his cane, and seeing the whole crowd was now closing in on him, he jumped into a corner, and with each hand drew a revolver and faced the enemy. At this moment the bar-keeper recognized him, and sang out in a loud voice:
"Look out boys--that's Wild Bill you've run against."
That settled the matter; for when they heard the name of Wild Bill they turned and beat a hasty retreat out of the doors and windows, and in less time than it takes to tell it, Wild Bill was the only man in the room. He coolly walked over to Dyer's hotel, and retired for the night. Boulder claimed that he had taken $500, but he really got only $200. Boulder, upon learning that it was Wild Bill who had cleaned him out, said nothing more about the money. The next day the two men met over a bottle of wine, and settled their differences in an amicable manner.
Poor Bill was afterwards killed at Deadwood, in the Black Hills, in a cowardly manner, by a desperado who sneaked up behind him while he was playing a game of cards in a saloon, and shot him through the back of the head, without the least provocation. The murderer, Jack McCall, was tried and hung at Yankton, Dakota, for the crime. Thus ended the career of a life-long friend of mine who, in spite of his many faults, was a noble man, ever brave and generous hearted.
Jack and myself continued playing through the country after Wild Bill left us, and we finally closed our season in Boston on the 13th of May, 1874.
Business called me from Boston to New York, and after I had been there a few days, I met an English gentleman, Thomas P. Medley, of London, who had come to America for a hunt on the Plains. He had often heard of me, and was anxious to engage me as his guide and companion, and he offered to pay the liberal salary of one thousand dollars a month while I was with him. He was a very wealthy man, as I learned upon inquiry, and was a relative of Mr. Lord, of the firm of Lord & Taylor, of New York. Of course I accepted his offer.
When we reached the hunting ground in Nebraska, he informed me, somewhat to my surprise, that he did not want to go out as Alexis did, with carriages, servants, and other luxuries, but that he wished to rough it just as I would do--to sleep on the ground in the open air, and kill and cook his own meat. We started out from North Platte, and spent several weeks in hunting all over the county. Dr. W. F. Carver, who then resided at North Platte, and who has recently acquired considerable notoriety as a rifle-shot, hunted with us for a few days.
Mr. Medley proved to be a very agreeable gentleman and an excellent hunter. While in camp he busied himself in carrying wood and water, attending to the fire, and preparing and cooking the meals, never asking me to do a thing. He did not do this to save expenses, but because he wanted to do as the other hunters in the party were doing. After spending as much time as he wished, we returned to the railroad, and he took the train for the East. Everything that was required on this hunt was paid for in the most liberal manner by Mr. Medley, who also gave the members of the party several handsome presents.
About this time an expedition consisting of seven companies of cavalry and two companies of infantry--to be commanded by Colonel Mills of the Third Cavalry, was being organized to scout the Powder River and Big Horn country, and I was employed as guide for the command. Proceeding to Rawlins, Wyoming, we "outfitted," and other guides were engaged--among them Tom Sun and Bony Ernest, two noted Rocky Mountain scouts. We there left the railroad, and passing through the Seminole range of the Rocky Mountains we established our supply camp at the foot of Independence Rock on the Sweetwater. I was now on my old familiar stamping ground, and it seemed like home to me. Fifteen years before, I had ridden the pony express and driven the overland stages through this region, and the command was going into the same section of country where Wild Bill's expedition of stage-drivers and express-riders had recaptured from the Indians a large number of stolen stage-horses.
Leaving the infantry to guard the supply camp, Colonel Mills struck out for the north with the seven companies of cavalry. One day while we were resting on a prairie near the head of Powder river, a horseman was seen in the distance approaching us. At first it was thought he was an Indian, but as he came near we saw that he was a white man, and finally when he rode up to us, I recognized him as "California Joe," a noted scout and frontiersman who had spent many years in California, on the plains and in the mountains. He was armed with a heavy old Sharpe's rifle, a revolver and a knife. I introduced him to Colonel Mills and the other officers and asked him where he was going. He replied that he was out for a morning ride only; but the fact was that he had been out prospecting alone for weeks along the foot of the Big Horn mountains.
Having no permanent occupation just at that time, Joe accompanied us for two or three days, when Colonel Mills suggested that I had better employ him as a scout, so that he could make a little money for himself. Joe didn't seem to care whether I hired him or not; but I put him on the pay-roll, and while he was with us he drew his five dollars a day. It was worth the money to have him along for company's sake, for he was a droll character in his way, and afforded us considerable amusement. We finally surprised Little Wolf's band of Arapahoes and drove them into the agencies. We then scouted the Powder river, Crazy Woman's Fork, and Clear Fork, and then pushed westward through the mountains to the Wind river. After having been out for a month or two we were ordered to return.
I immediately went East and organized another Dramatic company for the season of 1874-75, Texas Jack being absent in the Yellowstone country hunting with the Earl of Dunraven. I played my company in all the principal cities of the country, doing a good business wherever I went. The summer of 1875 I spent at Rochester with my family.
For the season of 1875-6, Texas Jack and I reorganized our old Combination, and made a very successful tour. While we were playing at Springfield, Massachusetts, April 20th and 21st 1876, a telegram was handed me just as I was going on the stage. I opened it and found it to be from Colonel G.W. Torrence, of Rochester, an intimate friend of the family, who stated that my little boy Kit was dangerously ill with the scarlet fever. This was indeed sad news, for little Kit had always been my greatest pride. I sent for John Burke, our business manager, and showing him the telegram, told him that I would play the first act, and making a proper excuse to the audience, I would then take the nine o'clock train that same evening for Rochester, leaving him to play out my part. This I did, and at ten o'clock the next morning I arrived in Rochester, and was met at the dépôt by my intimate friend Moses Kerngood who at once drove me to my home. I found my little boy unable to speak but he seemed to recognize me and putting his little arms around my neck he tried to kiss me. We did everything in our power to save him, but it was of no avail. The Lord claimed his own, and that evening at six o'clock my beloved little Kit died in my arms. We laid him away to rest in the beautiful cemetery of Mount Hope amid sorrow and tears.
Source: The Life of Hon. William F. Cody, by William F. Cody Available at Project Gutenberg
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QMUL Experimental Particle Physics Programme 2009-2014
Lead Research Organisation: Queen Mary, University of London
Department Name: Physics
The Queen Mary Experimental Particle Physics Group has an exciting set of particle physics experiments at the forefront of the field. Members of the Group have been working on the design, R&D, construction and commissioning of the ATLAS detector at the CERN LHC which is just starting to see real data in the form of cosmic ray and a few beam splash events. They are being joined by colleagues from the H1 and BaBar experiments whose analyses are coming to an end after many years of extremely productive results including measurements of CP violation in the bottom quark sector that were recognized in the award of the 2008 Nobel Prize for physics. The ATLAS Group has also been joined by colleagues from the CDF experiment who are experts on the top quark. The ATLAS group will continue the study of the top quark at the LHC and the expertise gained will allow us to probe for new physics such as the discovery of the Higgs particle or Supersymmetry. We will also continue our study of proton structure at the highest possible energies. The Queen Mary Group is also starting to get involved in upgrades to the ATLAS detector for the higher luminosity Super-LHC, first by participating in the ATLAS Tracker Upgrade programme and later in possible Trigger upgrades. At the other end of the mass scale other colleagues from BaBar are currently building the T2K long baseline neutrino experiment in Japan which will continue the investigations of the recently discovered neutrino oscillations. In addition the Group will look to exploit new opportunities, such as Super B Factories or Linear Colliders when they become available.
ST/H001042/1
Stephen Lloyd
Particle physics - experiment (100%)
Beyond the Standard Model (100%)
Queen Mary, University of London, United Kingdom (Lead Research Organisation)
Stephen Lloyd (Principal Investigator) http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5073-2264
Francesca Di Lodovico (Co-Investigator)
Lucio Cerrito (Co-Investigator)
Eram Rizvi (Co-Investigator) http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9834-2671
Adrian John Bevan (Co-Investigator) http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4105-9629
Alex James Martin (Co-Investigator)
Graham Thompson (Co-Investigator)
Author Name Title Publication
|< < 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 > >|
Aad G (2012) Search for a Standard Model Higgs boson in the mass range <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http://www.elsevier.com/x in Physics Letters B
Aad G (2013) Search for new phenomena in the <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/table/dtd" xmlns in Physics Letters B
Aad G (2013) Search for long-lived, multi-charged particles in pp collisions at <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http://www.elsev in Physics Letters B
Aad G (2014) Search for new phenomena in photon+jet events collected in proton-proton collisions at <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns: in Physics Letters B
Aad G (2012) Measurement of the top quark pair cross section with ATLAS in pp collisions at <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http in Physics Letters B
Aad G (2012) Search for supersymmetry with jets, missing transverse momentum and at least one hadronically decaying t lepton in proton-proton collisions at <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dt in Physics Letters B
Aad G (2013) Search for a heavy narrow resonance decaying to eµ, et, or µt with the ATLAS detector in <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmln in Physics Letters B
Aad G (2012) Evidence for the associated production of a W boson and a top quark in ATLAS at <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="htt in Physics Letters B
Aad G (2013) A search for prompt lepton-jets in pp collisions at <mml:math altimg="si1.gif" overflow="scroll" xmlns:xocs="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/xocs/dtd" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:ja="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/ja/dtd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:tb="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/com in Physics Letters B
Aad G (2012) Search for extra dimensions using diphoton events in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector in Physics Letters B
Award Value
ST/H001042/1 01/10/2009 31/03/2011 £1,088,256
ST/H001042/2 Transfer ST/H001042/1 01/10/2010 30/09/2012 £2,686,975
Description We have discovered the Higgs Boson the fundamental scalar boson that is predicted to give mass to all other particles.
Exploitation Route Further research is required to establish if this is the Higgs Boson or if it is one of many (possibly Supersymmetric) Higgs Bosons.
Sectors Education
URL https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/AtlasPublic
Description The discovery of the Higgs Boson captured the imagination of millions of people. It will lead to an increased interest in science among the general public and lead to more students studying science at University.
First Year Of Impact 2012
Impact Types Societal


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Coastal schools don't see ACC title as race between Clemson, FSU
sexy chiropractor
Atlantic coast conference ncaa
State seminoles football team represented
1. north carolina whipped
Paul johnson insisted
Star quarterback ryan finley
Miami-made island hip-hop' group performs free show at Wynwood Yard FRB Issues Interim Final Rule to Replace HVCC · The interim final rules adopted today are designed to provide banks with guidance in this process. The new definitions should clarify the parameters of the new statutory exemptions from the definitions of broker and dealer. In addition, the interim final rules provide banks with.Show host chris harrison insisted that the season would be. sexy chiropractor Bryan, 37, from Miami, made the biggest impression though and ultimately won the first impression rose. He first wowed.
How Football Saved The ACC David Glenn ACC Commissioner John Swofford speaks to the media during the atlantic coast conference ncaa college football media day in Charlotte, N.C., Thursday, July 13.
Clemson is still going to be really good. Louisville has the Heisman winner, and the rest of the Atlantic is no joke either. It's not that the Coastal is bad, it's that the Atlantic might be.
Things to Consider When Scheduling an Appraisal: Recently Listed Properties – Royal United Mortgage LLC Crude prices recently hit $80 per barrel for the first time since 2014. landmark for a company which arrived on the London market back in early 2014 as an appraisal and exploration company. At that.
The 2010 Florida state seminoles football team represented Florida State University in the 2010 NCAA Division I FBS college football season.The Seminoles were led by first-year head coach Jimbo Fisher and played their home games at Bobby Bowden Field at Doak Campbell Stadium.They were members of the Atlantic Coast Conference, playing in the Atlantic Division.
This might not be as detailed as you'd like, since I don't have access to a real specific breakdown of Clemson's expenses specifically by sport, but using the USA Today college sports revenue database.
Man digs up mother's body at childhood home On Saturday, the remains of 23-month-old Daniel Griner, Jr. were found in the yard of his home. His mother, Nakira M. A GoFundMe that was set up to support the Griner family and various social.
RALEIGH, N.C. (AP) – Reigning national champion Clemson has taken any drama out of the Atlantic Coast Conference race. At least on paper. Dabo Swinney's program has risen to the top of college.
"Because one thing about UCLA is we don't need a frickin' fire to get it f-ing turned up!" Here's a Vine so you can see. title game. 1. north carolina whipped Duke on the road, 45-20, to knock the.
The Coastal champion may not win the ACC title, but it could still make a New Year's Six game. Plus, who follows DeShaun Watson and who might surprise.
Clemson and FSU have combined to win the past five ACC championship games, but Georgia Tech coach paul johnson insisted Thursday at ACC Media Days that the gap between the two programs and the.
This is a far cry from the rhetoric before the 2011 game between these two schools when then-UNC coach Everett. has a 45-42 overall mark with UNC and a 28-29 ACC record and a Coastal Division title.
Why the Wolfpack: N.C. State, led by star quarterback ryan finley, took over FSU's spot as the top challenger to Clemson in the ACC. The two met Oct. 20, and that was the day that narrative died.
In This Corner: Bill Barr's Key Statement Was Overlooked
river to simer sump pump the


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The art of gastronomy in the Oaxaca Flavors
Recharged and renewed, the Oaxaca Flavors is the new version of El saber del sabor, an annual meeting that gathers chefs and cooks from different parts in the city. The festival will take place from September 27 to 29, in Oaxaca City.
Part of the festival this year includes a circuit of art galleries, traditional cooks and activities in the Mercado 20 de Noviembre, where they expect three thousand visitors.
One of the additions to this year's event is the invitation to traditional cooks. The host chefs are: Deyanira Aquino, Pilar Cabrera, Celia Florián, Luis Arellano, Rodolfo Castellanos, José Manuel Baños and Alejandro Ruiz.
Among the guest chefs will be: Daniela Soto-Innes, Benito Molina, Guillermo Gonzalez, Mikel Alonso, Gerald Bellver, Enrique Olvera, Eduardo Morali, Juantxo Sanchez, Roberto Solis and Ricardo Muñoz Zurita.
The venues: Pitiona, Casa Oaxaca, Oaxacalifornia, Cultural and Convention Center of Oaxaca, Las Quince Letras, Teca, Origen, Criollo, La Olla and Bialy; Tickets for meals and dinners with four courses by 25 chefs are included in the Oaxaca Flavors Night and will be available on the Boletia website.
Oaxaca Flavors was announced yesterday by its director, Manuel Rivera, who was accompanied by the founders of El saber del sabor: María Saldaña, Graciela Cervantes and Alejandro Ruiz; as well as Juan Carlos Rivera Castellanos, head of the Ministry of Tourism and Oswaldo García Jarquín, municipal president of Oaxaca de Juárez.
"We are sure that Oaxaca Flavors will mark a before and after for all foodies, travelers, locals and people who want to venture to know the wealth of Oaxaca," he said.


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Fuel Fills
By Steve D'Antonio, Jun 4, 2010
Granted, diesel fuel is less volatile than gasoline. Still, plumbing systems for delivering either type of fuel to its tank must be installed so as to prevent leaks and minimize the possibility of fire.
The fuel line between the deck fill and the tank—usually a flexible rubber hose, or a combination of hose and pipe—must be U.S. Coast Guard–approved fuel line. In addition to the manufacturer and date of manufacture, the hose should be clearly labeled every 12″ (304mm) as to its purpose: Type A1, A1-15, or Type A2 for gasoline systems; and B1, B1-15, or B2 for diesel systems. If a foot of hose is visible without such markings anywhere on it, you should question the hose's rating and its safe use.
While inspecting boats, I've seen a variety of inappropriate hose materials—from clear PVC to raw-water hose—installed as fuel fills. It's often difficult to get access to a fill hose and to inspect its full length from the deck fill to the tank. After the struggle to do so, I frequently find hoses badly deteriorated and sometimes leaking.
Ready access to those components for inspection and maintenance is a criterion clearly spelled out in American Boat & Yacht Council standards: H-24, Gasoline Fuel Systems; and H-33, Diesel Fuel Systems. Having to open a hatch or remove panels with a screwdriver or wrench is reasonable and compliant; what is not, is an installation whose disassembly requires a saw or anything more than common hand tools.
While the service life of flexible hose varies with quality of manufacture, materials, and environment, replacement is inevitable. I've inspected new boats just months off the assembly line with fuel-fill hoses already cracked. (This type of failure often first appears at the outer radius of a hose bend. Close inspection might require a mirror and flashlight.)
Rigid metallic pipe in fuel-fill systems must be Schedule 40 or heavier. Make each connection between hose and pipe, or hose and tank, with double hose clamps. Because the rigid hose common to fuel systems often requires considerable compression for a liquid-tight seal, I prefer hose clamps with a solid band at least ½″ (12mm) wide and with embossed rather than perforated threads; and, the first clamp installed a minimum of ¼″ (6mm) from the end of the hose. Alternatively, T-bolt clamps are effective. I prefer the mechanically assembled models to those that are spot-welded, because the welds are vulnerable to crevice corrosion failure that often occurs when bedding beneath a deck fill fails, allowing water to run down the hose and over the clamp. It's important to properly size all clamps so they tighten snuggly against the outside diameter of the hose. It's also vital that the spud, or pipe-to-hose adapter, that receives the hose clamps can accommodate two of them. I've seen many installations where the letter of the law has been met with two clamps over a fitting that has room for only one; the result is that the second clamp damages the hose.
Finally, while fuel-fill hoses may be placed over smooth pipe or pipe-to-hose adapters of the correct outside diameter, hose may never be placed directly over pipe nipples or threaded plumbing fittings of any sort. The minimum allowable inside diameter for fuel fills is 1.5″ (38mm). The outside diameter of pipe-to-hose adapters in a fuel fill must marry to that inside diameter without requiring significant hose compression or expansion.
On a boat in the shop for re-powering, this concealed fuel-fill plumbing now reveals a host of flaws:
Access to the components required removal of joinerwork and trim.
A bonding wire has been soldered to the metallic plumbing. (With a few specific exceptions, ABYC prohibits soldering as the sole means of electrical connection. No bonding wire may be soldered; and, electrical connections that rely on hose clamps are undesirable at best. Every metal component in the fuel-fill system should be connected to the vessel's bonding system by appropriate ring terminals and fasteners.).
The light-gauge, soldered copper tubing shown here is corroded as the result of a deck leak, and is entirely inappropriate for fuel-fill plumbing because it's easily deformed or crushed by even slight clamp tension.
The hose should have been replaced long ago. Even highest-quality flexible fuel hose rarely lasts more than 10 to 15 years before requiring replacement.
Fuel lines—fill or supply—should never be used to support equipment, particularly electrical fixtures or wiring.
So: Do your fuel-fill installations and those of your customers comply?
About the Author: For many years a full-service yard manager, Steve now works with boat builders and owners and others in the industry as "Steve D'Antonio Marine Consulting Inc." He is a contributing editor of Professional BoatBuilder, and awaits publication (by McGraw-Hill/International Marine) of his book on marine systems.
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COMSovereign Holding Corp. Hosts First Quarter 2021 Results Conference Call on Monday, May 17, 2021 at 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time
DALLAS, May 10, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- COMSovereign Holding Corp. (NASDAQ: COMS) ("COMSovereign" or "Company"), a U.S.-based developer of 4G LTE Advanced and 5G Communication Systems and Solutions, will hold a conference call on Monday, May 17, 2021 at 4:30 p.m. Eastern time to discuss its results for the first quarter ended March 31, 2021. A press release detailing these results will be issued prior to the call.
COMSovereign's Chairman and CEO Dan Hodges will host the conference call, followed by a question-and-answer session.
To access the call, please use the following information:
Toll-free dial-in number:
International dial-in number:
4:30 p.m. Eastern time, 1:30 p.m. Pacific time
Please call the conference telephone number 5-10 minutes prior to the start time. An operator will register your name and organization.
The conference call will be broadcast live and available for replay at http://public.viavid.com/index.php?id=144924 and via the investor relations section of the Company's website at https://investors.comsovereign.com of the conference call will be available after 7:30 p.m. Eastern time through May 24, 2021.
Toll-free replay number:
International replay number:
Replay ID:
For more information about COMSovereign, please visit www.COMSovereign.com and connect with us on Facebook and Twitter.
Certain statements in this press release that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements that reflect management's current expectations, assumptions, and estimates of future performance and economic conditions, and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated by the statements made herein. Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by the use of forward-looking terminology such as "believe," "expects," "may," "looks to," "will," "should," "plan," "intend," "on condition," "target," "see," "potential," "estimates," "preliminary," or "anticipates" or the negative thereof or comparable terminology, or by discussion of strategy or goals or other future events, circumstances, or effects. Moreover, forward-looking statements in this release include, but are not limited to, the impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic, which may limit access to the Company's facilities, customers, management, support staff, and professional advisors, and to develop and deliver advanced voice and data communications systems, demand for the Company's products and services, economic conditions in the U.S. and worldwide, and the Company's ability to recruit and retain management, technical, and sales personnel. Further information relating to factors that may impact the Company's results and forward-looking statements are disclosed in the Company's filings with the SEC. The forward-looking statements contained in this press release are made as of the date of this press release, and the Company disclaims any intention or obligation, other than imposed by law, to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.
View original content to download multimedia:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/comsovereign-holding-corp-hosts-first-quarter-2021-results-conference-call-on-monday-may-17-2021-at-430-pm-eastern-time-301287283.html


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Home Latest News Trouble brewing for tea producers as coronavirus lockdown hits harvests
Trouble brewing for tea producers as coronavirus lockdown hits harvests
Trouble is brewing for the world's tea producers as the coronavirus lockdown shut down the harvest in several important regions, including the picking of India's "champagne of teas".
Despite forecasts of increased demand from drinkers stuck at home across the world, producers have become frustrated by the enforced quarantining of their workforce, with India's output expected to drop by 9% in 2020.
Lockdown measures in the north-eastern Indian state of Assam halted work for more than a month. The global coronavirus outbreak escalated at the worst possible time for Indian tea producers, just as the most valuable harvest of the year was ready to be plucked.
India has very specific production periods, experts said, called flushes. The prized first flush of Darjeeling, the "champagne of teas" harvested in the country's north-eastern, has been severely hit. This harvest, which is generally picked between March and April, accounts for as much as 40% of annual revenue.
Other tea exporting countries, including China, Sri Lanka and Vietnam, have also experienced disruption, though Kenya – the main supplier of tea to the UK – has so far avoided major problems. The International Tea Committee has predicted the country may see output rise by 15% this year.
"Because of the weather, [Kenya] can produce tea all year round," said Ibi Idoniboye, senior market analyst for Mintec.
Operations have also been affected in Sri Lanka, where tea production in the first quarter of the year declined to the lowest levels in decades. Exports have also suffered compared with the same period last year, falling 14.1 million kilograms to 59.5 million kilograms.
The country's weekly tea auctions, a 125-year-old tradition, were held online for the first time in April to comply with social distancing measures. The auctions, usually held in Colombo, are among the biggest in the world and attract around 200 people.
"This [the pandemic] is the first time tea production was affected in a country wide level," said Roshan Rajadurai of the Planters' Association. Work stopped completely for a couple of days, he said, but the government allowed agricultural activities to resume again.
Hundreds of thousands of workers continue to work plucking the tea. Other areas of productions, for example packaging, are not operating at full capacity.
On top of the complications posed by the Covid-19 outbreak, tea producers have also faced an unprecedented drought, added Rajadurai.
Meanwhile, in Vietnam exports fell 2.5% in volume to 26,000 tonnes during the first quarter of 2020.
While there hasn't been any disruption to supply of tea in the UK, it is likely that prices will continue to rise, driven by the disruption to operation and speculation over shortages, said Idoniboye. "I'd expect to see that tea will still be appreciating for the next few weeks but at some stage it will hit a ceiling," he added.
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People enjoy the sunshine on the pathway outside the Tower of London on a cold but bright day in the capital city of London.
Summertime in the countryside. Silhouettes of the family with dog on the trip at the sunset.
People sitting on the lawn, walking and relaxing in the summer sun in scenic Dean's Garden by The Minster, York, North Yorkshire, England, UK.
Vertical view of The Royal Palace or Haw Kham in Luang Prabang on a sunny day.


Shipping containers are cool! They're big, empty, uniform boxes that you can put things in, and, with a bit of elbow grease, turn into a livable space. You can call them Off-Grid Legos! What also makes shipping containers awesome is their portability. They're designed to be moved! Unfortunately, they often move some pretty dangerous stuff, and they aren't designed for residential housing, so there's a bit of cleanup and engineering involved to keep this up-cycling wonder structure from becoming an off-grid nightmare. While the disadvantages are plenty, if you can overcome them, then containers will work out. The question then becomes whether you are equipped to overcome these problems or if it might make more sense to outsource your building to the professionals. Fortunately, there are pre-fabricated manufacturers that are building modular homes by either using up-cycled shipping containers themselves, or by using shipping containers as a model for designing modular structures that are easily transportable. Shipping containers are universal, they're designed for transport by truck, train, and boat so designing a modular frame that takes advantage of this format will revolutionize the modular and tiny home industry!
There are three major manufacturers that build homes either by using shipping containers themselves, or by building modular homes that use a metal frame with the same dimensions of your average shipping containers, and then fill in the blanks with more conventional and cheaper materials. While shipping containers lose structural integrity as you remove side paneling for doors, windows and at attachment points for additional containers, shipping container inspired homes are engineered so that structural support is located where it is needed. This keeps the need for additional materials low and helps these homes meet local building codes.
Logical Homes builds actual shipping container homes, and handles all the necessary prep-work and engineering so you don't have to.
Nova Deko Modular Home Solutions builds modular homes inspired by shipping containers. With a wide variety of designs and the cheapest prefab unit on our list, Nova Deko seems to have a great product line. They are based out of Australia but their manufacturing is in China so their units are available globally.
Meka boasts a somewhat Scandinavian line of modular, shipping container inspired units that I wouldn't be shocked to find in my local Ikea showroom in the near future. They manufacture in good 'ol Indiana, USA, so local shipping to US customers will be a breeze. While not as chic as Nova Deko, Meka designs have an outdoors appeal that go with their Nordic naming scheme.
#1. New Generation Boulder's Container House.
This is perfect for a first time investment, With Kitchen, Bathroom, a Living Room that serves also as a bedroom, It is great to live cosy and warm, as well as organized and independent. It has all you need in the minimalist life, perfect for students or for a first time home.
The Monaco is a studio granny flat, where the living space duals as a bedroom. It features a tiled bathroom, full kitchen, meals area and the dual living/sleeping area. It comes with all the quality features that are standard in Nova Deko Modular Homes, such as quality kitchen with cabinetry in 2-pac finish and reconstituted quarts stone bench tops.
The home has high ceilings and large areas of double glazed windows and doors to let in the light and to avoid that closed-in feeling. This steel framed home is delivered complete (Excluding kitchen appliances and hot water system). If the foundations and services are in place, you can move in almost immediately.
With the Talma 200, Meka seems to be going with a "beach hut" appeal, while showing off container inspired stackability. I could see a few trucks rolling these into burning man, or to a temporary corporate beach retreat.
Meka is really stressing the outdoors appeal of a fishing shack or a hunting cabin with the Liberty design. Imagine spending a week among the cedars and snow capped mountains, catching your dinner during the day and drinking bourbon at night in your cozy retreat.
You will be amazed at the apparent spaciousness of this single pod modular home, which is perfect as a granny flat, with double bedroom, en-suite, walk-through robe, laundry, dining, kitchen and living area. Efficiency in design together with windows and expansive glass doors, creates a feeling of space throughout. With high quality inclusions and standard of finish in Milan Container Home, such as 2-pac finish to all cupboards, quartz stone bench-tops, soft closing drawer runners and door hinges, you will be even more amazed at the price.
The home comes with all the usual features that are standard in all Nova Deko Modular Homes, such as 2-pac finish to cabinetry and reconstituted quartz stone bench-tops in the kitchen, porcelain tiles to bathroom, high ceilings and large areas of double glazed windows and doors to let in the light and to avoid that closed-in feeling. This steel framed home is delivered complete (Excluding kitchen appliances and hot water system). If the foundations and services are in place, you can move in almost immediately.
The Smartvilla consist of two 20ft pods joined together to create luxury living.
The Smartvilla is Quick and easy to install and will give you that extra space you need to breathe. A smart solution for additional accommodation, home office, granny flat, first home or extra income.


How do you start writing if all you have is a theme? How do you make something that doesn't seem contrived and two-dimensional? Let's imagine that we want to write something about a dragon. Why a dragon? I saw a picture of one today at a bookstore. So . . . how would we do that? Let's find out.
Do we want the dragon to be a good character or a bad character? I don't know, and I don't want to decide right now. Either way the dragon has to have an intention. What should the dragon want?
I feel like it makes sense to either have the dragon defending something or attacking something, and I feel like defending will help us to be more sympathetic towards the dragon, but what should the dragon be defending?
A dragon defends its nest.
Nest is good. Babies can be in nests. An animal can be very ferocious in defending its nest, and I understand that. What is the dragon defending its nest against? Let's add another character, with a colliding narrative. All of the characters are going to be characters you can understand, and even root for.
A dragon defends its nest against a group of people who are seeking shelter in a winter storm.
People seeking shelter in a place that another animal has already established itself. That is a real collision, but we need to have stronger motivations. The first moment you encounter a dragon you would just run right back out of that cave (I guess that is where I am making the nest). Would the dragon chase them? Then I really hate the dragon. That could work, but I don't want to go that direction.
A dragon defends its nest against a group of people who are seeking shelter in a winter storm. They are traveling through a mountain pass to reach their new home in the grasslands on the other side. They decided to travel in the early spring because of the financial hardship they have been facing. They need a new start. The strong heads of the family, Nathan and Elizabeth, wanted a better life for their son Jackson, but they failed him. Now they have promised him that they will do anything to make sure that his three year old daughter Susan does have that better life. Susan's mother, Martha, is strong willed and initially resisted the move away from her family, but now she is the most enthusiastic because she is pregnant again and doesn't want to relive the life of her parents. They were attempting to travel light and fast, Nathan had been a scout in the military. With a young child and a pregnant woman they desperately need shelter for the night. As they push further back into the cave to get away from the wind they find they are not alone. To venture out into the storm is to freeze to death, to stay is risk an encounter with the unknown.


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Du möchtest gerne live dabei sein und noch dazu unseren Markenbotschafter und Ex F1-Legende Mika Häkkinen treffen? Dann bist du bei uns richtig: Wir verlosen 5 x 2 Tribünentickets für den Austria F1 GP am 30. Juni und laden am Vortag zum Meet & Greet mit Mika Häkkinen am Red Bull Ring. Das Gewinnspiel läuft bis 19. Mai. Melde dich jetzt an 👉www.neuroth.com/mika Viel Glück!
"Život jedino možemo razumjeti unatrag, ali mora se živjeti unaprijed", Soren Kierkegaard.
Have a nice #evning 😉🥂 dear #instafriends .
I raced at Red Bull Ring since I played the SEGA F1 games, and at that time it was called A1-Ring. Red Bull Ring is a beautiful race circuit in Austria fulls of challenges w/ it.
🏁 Ready for the season 🏁 See you on the track in Spielberg!


This villa is situated in the 2nd row of villas and is comprised of 3 Bedrooms (view floor plan below) with amazing ocean views. It is fully serviced and features a traditional thatched roof, coconut pillars with large sliding glass doors to take advantage of the spectacular view over the Indian Ocean.
One master bedroom (king bed) with en-suite bathroom, and two guest bedrooms (oceanfront king and back twin) each with en-suite bathroom, a spacious living and dining area with an open-plan kitchen, a 6-meter swimming pool and an open "bale" (thatched pavilion) with comfortable lounge chairs overlooking the pool. The open-plan living/dining room is furnished with a dining table for 6 guests and sofas with cushions. Fans and large sliding doors opening to the terrace and pool guarantee permanent ventilation.
Outdoors on the covered terrace and in the bale are deck chairs, table, comfortable lounge chairs and over-sized cushions. Uluwatu Surf Villas has staff on site at all times, full housekeeping and 24-hour security.