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Africa TV
Brooks Marmon
The US was deeply involved in the overthrow and assassination of Liberian President William Tolbert that led to a 14-year civil war in which as many as 250,000 Liberians perished. Subsequently, America was also implicated in the removal from power of two other Liberian heads of state. The truth of this extensive meddling is important for genuine reconciliation among Liberians.
"You are one of those Tolbert bitches? Strip his ass, carry him inside!"
Thirty-five years later, Richard Tolbert vividly recalls the words that were barked at him after armed soldiers raided his office at the Mesurado Group of Companies, Liberia's largest and most successful private enterprises. He was bundled into a Cadillac and driven to the Post Stockade, a military prison on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean.
Richard had just come out of hiding after receiving assurances he would not be subjected to such treatment. Several weeks earlier his uncle, William Tolbert Jr., the President of Liberia, had been murdered in a bloody coup that ended 150 years of political domination by the nation's American descended settler elite.
In the early morning of April 12, 1980, as the President prepared to go to sleep, a small group of enlisted soldiers shot their way up to the presidential suite on the eighth floor of the Executive Mansion and executed their Commander-I-Chief. At least six of the attackers had been trained by the US military.
Several days later Richard watched in horror as his father Frank, President Pro Tempore of the Senate, was executed live on TV. He and a dozen others crumpled before a firing squad as hundreds of Liberians cheered the beachfront spectacle.
Thirty-six years later, the families of the old 'Americo–Liberian' elite continue to grapple with these events. Indicative of the complex historical relationship between the US and Liberia, the surviving family members entertain the possibility that the coup was enabled by American Cold War interests. In her autobiography, President Tolbert's widow, Victoria, noted that her husband's killers exclaimed they would receive a $25,000 bounty for their handiwork. Her youngest son, William Tolbert III., laments that the successor government formed by his father's killers received more aid in just five years than the country had in its entire history.
I spoke to members of the Tolbert family, members of his government, and the political opposition. Now in their twilight years, many of them are haunted by the idea that US actions led to the demise of Tolbert and gave way to a 14-year civil war in which as many as 250,000 Liberians perished.
Shortly before he was named the Government's Peace Ambassador in 2015, Tolbert III. publicly addressed the critical need for Liberia to uncover the truth behind his father's death.
"We remind government of our desire to bring closure to those tragic events of April 1980. Our desire should be linked to their commitment to assist us and ensure accomplishment of this goal. However, there are questions which remain unanswered. These affect genuine reconciliation, peace and security, for all Liberians."
The closest that Liberia has come to closure was the 2009 release of the final report of the nation's Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Most international media attention centered around the Commission's recommendation that the sitting President, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, be barred from office for 30 years. The report's allegation that during the Tolbert era "both the CIA and the Pentagon were now prospecting for leadership change in Liberia" was largely overlooked. Likewise, Beneath the Cold War: The Death of a Nation, a highly critical book on US policy towards Liberia by the husband and wife team of Sadie and Leonard Deshield, mid-level operatives in Tolbert's True Whig Party, has gone unnoticed outside of Liberian circles.
Tolbert III. and other family members of those who lost loved ones during the coup have established the "April 22nd Memorial Group" to push for further disclosures. Although its activities are primarily confined to annual commemorations of the coup, Sirleaf's successor will be elected next year. A new political dispensation in Liberia may represent the best chance for the group to uncover the whole story.
Rupture of the 'special' US – Liberia relationship
Liberia is one of the few African nations without a European colonial history. The West African nation was settled throughout the 19th century by black Americans with the support of an under-resourced white American led resettlement organization, the American Colonization Society (ACS). The Americo–Liberian settlers alternately fought and assimilated with the indigenous Africans. They forged an uneasy arrangement that resulted in what was nominally the first African republic in 1847, after a quarter century of ACS rule.
Richard praises the efforts of his uncle to help Liberia emerge from this historical burden. "Willie genuinely tried to reform the Americo–Liberian class, he was a part of that class and that's what he paid the price for."
Throughout the 1970s, Tolbert struggled to balance a reform agenda and international leadership aspirations against pressure from the governing True Whig Party, an emboldened opposition, and the US. Tolbert assumed office in 1971 after 19 years as Vice-President. Displeased with the extent of support traditionally offered by the US, he quickly signaled that in the Cold War struggle, Liberia would shift toward the non-aligned camp.
In 1973, he severed relations with Israel. Richard believes that this was "one of his greatest foreign policy mistakes that could have led to his demise." Liberia also established relations with a number of America's Cold War enemies, including Cuba, Libya, and the Soviet Union. Winston Tolbert, the president's biological son who was legally adopted by his uncle, Stephen, says that these actions had consequences: "the US government looked at him as a radical, a leftist, and that he was not in support of their Cold War policies…he was an irritant to the American establishment."
As Tolbert consolidated his authority, he not only engaged in dialogue that displeased the US, he pursued policies that undermined the ability of American companies to exploit Liberian resources.
Stephen Tolbert was the president's University of Michigan educated minister of finance and the founder of the Mesurado Group. He maintained a vacation home at Rock Creek Park in Washington, DC. and irritated the Americans considerably more than his brother. He went after a number of US companies operating in Liberia. His most notable target was Firestone, the Ohio-based rubber conglomerate.
Richard Tolbert was then a law student at Columbia University and sat in on the negotiations. He reflects: "[Stephen] saw how they were screwing us. He tightened up all the loopholes, but he did it in a brusque manner."
In April 1975, Stephen Tolbert died in an airplane crash. The Nigerian press suggested that the CIA had tinkered with the plane (incidentally, Liberia was home to a CIA listening facility). The Liberian government investigated – with US support. Although no foul play was proven, Winston notes that the demise of his adopted father was the beginning of the end for his biological father. "My dad helped [the President] a lot with security. He watched his back. To get President Tolbert out of the way they had to get [Stephen] out of the way first."
Further damaging US–Liberian relations were contentious remarks made by Liberia's Foreign Minister, Cecil Dennis, at US Independence Day celebrations at the American Embassy that same year. His brother, James, says that Cecil took the opportunity to express the administration's view "that the US should have given [Liberia] much more than what they did. They had not shown what the British and French did for other African countries they were close to." Ambassador Melvin Manfull resigned not long thereafter.
Rising domestic pressures
By the mid-1970s, domestic political opposition to the Tolbert government and 150 years of settler rule was coalescing. The Progressive Alliance of Liberia (PAL) was formed in East Orange, New Jersey, in 1974 by Liberians studying in the United States. It was led by G. Bacchus Matthews who had close ties to the Tolbert family. However, he bore a grudge against the president due to his dismissal from the Liberian Consulate in New York as a result of alleged financial improprieties.
Marcus Dahn was a senior member of PAL who graduated from the University of Akron. He notes that it has American roots. "We call [PAL] the product of the Peace Corps, they did such a good job for us when were in high school."
A homegrown campaign, the Movement for Justice in Africa (MOJA), led by the University of Nebraska-educated Togba Nah Tipoteh, emerged at the same time. MOJA indoctrinated a number of members of the Armed Forces of Liberia in its pan-African ideology, including the future coup leader, Samuel Doe. The young soldiers attended night classes at MOJA's Marcus Garvey Memorial High School. Winston believes that both groups were supported by the CIA. Tipoteh would not confirm this, but he does claim that Matthews, now deceased, was "a paid agent of the CIA, at the level of $25,000 a month."
The US government would not have seen PAL's radical young leaders as a palatable alternative to the Tolbert administration. When it came to destabilization of the government, however, their aggressive style would have made them a useful tool in waging what Winston Tolbert terms "psychological warfare against the people of Liberia."
In the late 1970s, President Tolbert again angered the US by refusing around the clock access to bunkering facilities at Liberia's international airport (which was constructed during World War II by the US). Richard says his uncle informed the Americans that they would only gain such access over his dead body. He adds that this was a self-fulfilling prophecy as his uncle died shortly thereafter and Liberia's Robertsfield International Airport was soon facilitating US arms shipments to Iran and the UNITA rebels in Angola.
In April 1979, the CIA saw some of the most overt rewards of its alleged assistance to the opposition. PAL led a violent march through downtown Monrovia on the Executive Mansion protesting the government's plan to raise the price of rice, Liberia's staple food. Dozens (possibly as many as hundreds) were killed and the government relied on its neighbor, Guinea, a strong ally of the Soviet Union, to restore order. Nonetheless, in January 1980, PAL registered as a legal opposition party, the Progressive People's Party.
Two months later, following a mysterious late night PAL demonstration at the Executive Mansion, the government swiftly retaliated. Tolbert accused Matthews and his associates of masterminding a coup in a legislative address. "Intelligence reports reveal that the Progressive People's Party had designed a plan to execute an armed insurrection with intent to overthrow the duly constituted Government of the Republic of Liberia."
Who really killed Tolbert?
Despite being on heightened alert, Tolbert was massacred just one month later. When asked if he believes that the US played a direct role in the coup, Richard Tolbert replies:
"I can't say for sure. I would love to know. I hope that one day it will be revealed. It was very professional. Liberia did not have the trained experts who could overpower forces all the way up from the ground floor to the 8th floor. There is no question that the CIA supported the opposition to Tolbert. As to direct involvement, I couldn't say."
James Dennis echoes this assessment. Asked if the 17 soldiers were capable of carrying out the coup alone, he forcefully responds, "No way!" He adds that his brother's secure phone line at the Foreign Ministry was cut, something that he does not think the low-ranking soldiers were capable of carrying out on their own. Dennis's suspicions were also aroused by a neighbor, a US Embassy employee (who Dennis believes was a CIA agent) who reported at around 2am that the coup was successful. To Dennis, this indicated that the US Embassy was in close contact with those leading the assault.
Tolbert III. notes that Samuel Doe, the figurehead of the coup, was sleeping on the grounds of the Executive Mansion while the assault unfolded. He asks, "if President Doe did not kill Dr. Tolbert, who did?"
Tipoteh claims that an American was in the Mansion yard as the coup was unfolding, providing one possible theory. Emmanuel Bowier, Doe's Minister of Information, observes that the local rumor mill alleges that a gravely wounded Caucasian in military fatigues was seen outside the Executive Mansion during the coup.
Elwood Dunn, a member of Tolbert's cabinet, embarked on a noted career in academia in the US following the coup. He has been trying to determine if the US played a role in Tolbert's ouster. He has not found a paper trail, but says that the US – Liberia relationship was severely strained and believes that "if the US found a way covertly to remove [Tolbert]…. then I think they would have done so."
Liberia's descent
Following the coup, the situation quickly spiraled out of control. On April 22, tied to poles with their backs to the beach, 13 officials in the Tolbert government, including Frank Tolbert and Cecil Dennis, were executed. Tolbert's eldest son was seized from the French Embassy and disappeared several months later. Other Americo–Liberians were imprisoned for up to two years. William Jarbo, a US trained Ranger with close ties to the US military mission in Liberia, was shot down by Doe loyalists while trying to escape the country a few weeks later, a twist of events that has never been adequately explained. Bowier alleges that the US initially looked to Jarbo to lead the coup, only to backtrack once the Embassy discovered the he was related to Tipoteh, the pan-African firebrand.
In 1982, Doe was warmly welcomed by President Reagan at the White House around the same time Tolbert III. was released from prison. The Master Sergeant's intolerance for dissent was just beginning to crystallize however. Just days before he arrived in DC, Doe presided over the execution of 5 of his comrades who had played a role in the coup. The Washington Post reported that they had "criticized what they perceived as the Doe government's "errand boy" relationship with the United States." Doe was expected to make way for a civilian government in 1985 but rigged elections that year with US acquiescence.
His inability to step aside prompted an almost immediate unsuccessful coup attempt from one of his fellow 1980 conspirators. The assault was led by Thomas Quiwonkpa who lived in the suburbs of Washington, DC after he fell out with Doe. Doe and most of his fellow coup makers were dead by the early years of the Liberian civil war, which broke out in December 1989. However, at least one survivor, Jeffrey Gbatu, now lives in the United States.
America's ties to Liberian conflicts are numerous. Prince Johnson, a sitting Liberian Senator who presided over Doe's videotaped execution in 1990, attempted to reach the US Embassy to obtain instructions on how to handle his captive. Liberians hope the final chapter in their crisis closed in 2006 when George Bush backtracked on his promise not to pursue the extradition of Liberian President Charles Taylor, whose departure to Nigeria finally ended the war in 2003.
Amidst contemporary violence in Burundi and the Congo as leaders seek to extend their rule, Richard takes pride in the way his uncle managed opposition to his administration. "The Tolbert family does not have blood on our hands. The Tolberts can go anywhere in Africa and hold their heads high." Richard's words stand in stark contrast not only to African leaders who have relied on nefarious means to stay in power, but also to the global superpowers who have a dubious history on the continent.
While the former American Ambassador, Deborah Malac, denied that the US makes "secret handshakes" with Liberian leaders, the historical record in Liberia and elsewhere leads Africans to believe otherwise. It has been widely alleged that the CIA supported regime change in nations like Ghana and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the 1960s as Africa struggled to emerge from colonialism. The academic Neils Hahn has written about US covert and overt actions in Liberia and notes that the US played a prominent role in pushing out three successive Liberian heads of state, most recently Charles Taylor in 2003.
The early meddling established a precedent. The Liberians who attribute the eruption of violence in their country to a history of American initiatives characterized by paternalism at best and outright maliciousness at worst are not alone in their struggles. Since 2012, military coups in Mali and Burkina Faso have been led by officers with close ties to the US military.
On the 35th anniversary of the coup, Tolbert III. reiterated the importance of uncovering the truth behind the coup. He spoke before the April 22nd Memorial Group at the crumbling Palm Grove cemetery in downtown Monrovia, where the remains of up to 200 officials of the Tolbert government lie in a mass grave beneath overgrown tropical bush.
"I am of the opinion that as long as these lingering questions remain unanswered, they undermine [the] genuine reconciliation in Liberia that we all yearn for. Now is the time for Government to mobilize resources to promote and support all initiatives that will guarantee genuine reconciliation amongst all Liberians."
Dennis, nearly 90 years old, mourns the demise of his brother, the destruction of the printing presses that provided his livelihood, and the dissolution of his marriage in the aftermath of the coup. Now married to a relative of Benoni Urey, a leading opposition presidential candidate, he pleads:
"We are still asking the question, why? Why is [my brother] dead when he should be alive? We need answers."
Unless the political equation within Liberia changes this year, it seems unlikely that the April 22nd Memorial Group will uncover any answers. Adoring audiences recently flocked to Broadway to enjoy Lupita Nyongo's performance as a Liberian child soldier in Eclipsed. Neither there nor elsewhere do serious questions of American culpability in the Liberian tragedy arise. When contacted for comment, the US State Department's Office of the Historian responded, "our office does not provide commentary or take positions on historical events."
* Brooks Marmon is a PhD student at the University of Edinburgh's Centre of African Studies. He previously worked in Liberia. Follow him on Twitter @AfricaInDC.
President William Tolbert
Samuel Doe
President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf
Liberain Civil War


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Film Story: The battle begins between Ragnar and King Horik's forces against Jarl Borg. Borg is joined by Rollo, and this Viking clash pits brother against brother. A storm pushes the Viking fleet to a new destination, and on the beaches of Wessex, Ragnar and his men may have met their match.


Having wants and desires often speaks to what we do and how we do it. We all have daily consumption's we need to reckon with as we can become obsessed with our work, family, friends or money just to name a few. Not that any of these are wrong but when they are out of balance, they can become unhealthy needs. We can start using them to try and fill an emptiness which only God can fill.
When our attentions become deterred from the Lord, we can soon discover our life is lacking. We can become restless and discontent with the mundane and we can soon grumble and complain because life is taking its toll and we are no longer amused.
There is good news for all of us. Life no longer must be despairing. When we turn towards God in humility, we find all that we need waiting for us. We will find He gives us contentment and vision for the day and we soon find life pleasurable because we are no longer striving. We can never really know freedom from the wants of life until we fear God. When we stop chasing after endless desires only to find a recurring emptiness, then we will find true contentment.


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Сіматані Сеісіро (,  6 листопада 1938, Кіото —  24 жовтня 2001) — японський футболіст, що грав на позиції захисника.

Клубна кар'єра
Грав за команду Фурукава Електрік.

Виступи за збірну
Дебютував 1959 року в офіційних матчах у складі національної збірної Японії. У формі головної команди країни зіграв 1 матч.

Статистика
Статистика виступів у національній збірній.

Примітки

Посилання
National Football Teams

Японські футболісти
Гравці збірної Японії з футболу

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The building is of high specifications and makes use of advanced technologies affording it with energy efficiency certification. It comprises of 8 shop units at ground and mezzanine levels and of five levels with 5 open plan autonomous office spaces which may be split into two units per level.
The offices' central entrance lobby are spacious and impressive with a reception and a patterned granite floor of your choice, while the walls and lifts are clad in marble. Common parts at office levels also have a granite floor and painted walls.
There are two high quality lifts, one for 8 persons and the other for 13 persons.
There are strict adherence to the fire regulations with the installation of fire fighting nodes, a smoke detection system, emergency lighting and signage.
Office false ceilings will be of the easily maintained exposed-grid type with 60x60cm sound insulating tiles and an adequate number of 60x60cm fluorescent lighting units with reflectors. There are also raised floors with 60x60cm laminated tiles and a sufficient gap for the provisional routing of cabling and services. Internal walls are finished in putty and emulsion paint.


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Slussfors är en småort i Storumans kommun. Slussfors ligger 65 km nordväst om Storuman och 65 km sydost om Tärnaby längs E12.

Geografiskt sett är byn delad i tre delar: Nedre byn, Mittibyn och Forsnacken. Genom Nedre byn rinner Gierejohke (Kirjesån, fritt tolkat, bäcken från den översta sjön Giere "Boksjön") som sedan mynnar ut i Umeälven. Gierjesån har även gett namn till byn, "... den ned till Stor Uma Sjön nedrusande Forssen, som i åtskillige afseenden likan ett Slussvärk, kallas Slussfors"" som det står i ett friskattebrev från länsman Holmström, skrivet 9 juli 1824.

Slussfors ligger vid Umeälven, med utsikt över Norra Gardfjällsmassivet i väster och i norr ligger Vindelfjällens naturreservat.

År 1670 beboddes området av samen Anundh Clementsson som kallade området Tyfwekelis och var en del av Umbyn.  En inventering av möjliga nybyggar platser skedde i juni 1671 då lantmätaren Jonas Persson Gedda och notarien Anders Olofsson Holm gav sig av mot inlandet.  Hans beskrivning avslöjar att man främst levde av fiske, jakt och viss mån renskötsel såsom skogssamer.  Dagens släktingar till de samer som bodde i området finns fortfarande kvar i området och fiskar och jagar i samma område som Anundh Clementssons Tyfwekelis.

Befolkningsutveckling

Samhället
I Mittibyn finns skola (årskurs F-6), Glesbygdsmedicin, en affär "Slussforsboa", skidbacke (invigd av Anja Pärson) och elljusspår.

Externa länkar
Stensele socken
Slussfors skola

Noter

Orter i Storumans kommun
Småorter i Sverige


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This 3 bedroom 2 full bath w/open floor plan features hardwood flrs, ceramic tile, cathedral ceilings. New appls in 2015,new countertops (granite transformations), new electric heat pump, lg level backyard. Master w/adjoining bath, walk-in closet. Lg unfinished bsmt w/rough in for 3rd bath. Waiting to be finished.


The normal Mongolian word for the bustard is Тоодог toodog (also Тодог todog). Less common is the term Гоорвис goorvis or Гоорбис goorbis (depending on the dictionary -- strictly speaking Гоорвис goorvis is the expected form in modern Mongolian), which, however, in Ornithological Mongolian is applied not to the bustards but to the Honey Buzzards (genus Pernis).
The term Тоодог toodog may be related to Kazakh Дуадақ dwadaq. The Buryat name for the bustard is Тоодог toodog.
Under the 2007 nomenclature, in order to distinguish between genera, Тоодог toodog is used for the genus Otis and Тоодгой toodgoi (not listed in dictionaries) for the genus Chlamydotis. The second name makes use of a common device in Mongolia, that of adding a long or diphthongised vowel at the end of the word (e.g., see Accipitridae). The main drawback is that in everyday usage no distinction is likely to be perceived between a Тоодог toodog and a Тоодгой toodgoi.


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Derrick Stephan Hudson was born in the United Kingdom, and he moved to Canada as a child. He earned a Bachelor of History Degree before completing studies at the Ontario College of Art and Design. His sculptures are included in private collections in Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom.


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10 magical Orlando bars and restaurants to have a theme park-like experience without the high price of admission
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A Delta flight attendant went viral after a flyer posted a photo of him sitting in the aisle to comfort a nervous passenger
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Swapping apartments with a friend who lives in Edinburgh, Scotland, saved an Insider reporter money and allowed her to feel more like a local.
Parenting 2023-01-30T14:48:08Z
I traveled with my 4 adult sons by train in Italy. The ride helped us connect more than any other trip.
The author shares how traveling by train allowed her kids to open up, have conversations, and enjoy their time together.
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I visited the Guy Fieri restaurant that's on every Carnival cruise, and it was a far cry from an average fast-food meal
Guy's Burger Joint, a collab between the cruise line and the Food Network star, has a small menu that reminded me of "Diner's, Drive-Ins, and Dives."
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Insider's reporter was surprised to experience more luxury perks on a business-class train than first class while traveling in Italy and Switzerland.
11 American words and phrases I picked up while living in the US, and the Scottish equivalent
Insider's Mikhaila Friel spent four months living on the East Coast of the US in 2016, and she learned many phrases that aren't common in the UK.
I made 9 big mistakes while traveling across Australia and New Zealand for 21 days, from not checking a bag to visiting in winter
Insider's author learned from many mistakes on a solo trip to Australia and New Zealand, like eating fast food and booking an Airbnb without Wi-Fi.
Food 2023-01-29T11:00:00Z
I visited Gabriel's restaurant from 'Emily in Paris' in real life. There was no French food in sight, but the location and Kir royales made it a must-visit.
Insider's reporter lived her "Emily in Paris" fantasy by having dinner at Terra Nera, the real restaurant where Gabriel's is set on the Netflix show.
54 abandoned places that have been left to decay around the world — and the eerie stories behind them
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I was born and raised in Hawaii. Here are the 14 biggest mistakes I see tourists make.
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I've worked at a hotel for over 7 years. Here are 9 things I wish guests would stop doing.
From smoking in the rooms to showing up for check-in way too early, there are plenty of things that guests do that annoy hotel employees.
Disney's Fort Wilderness is the best cheap place to stay on the property — it feels like a vacation of its own if you like the outdoors
I was skeptical but the woodsy stay was super affordable and spacious. Plus there were so many things to do on the massive, nature-filled property.
I visited Ina Garten's favorite cheese shop in Paris and the tiny, charming fromagerie was a feast for the senses
An Insider reporter visiting Paris stopped by Barthélémy and thought it was worth the seven-hour flight from the US.
13 striking photos show how people are celebrating the 2023 Lunar New Year around the world
From Hong Kong and London, to Bangkok and Melbourne, people rang in the Year of the Rabbit in 2023 with parades, prayers, and festive fireworks.
I stayed in a 187-square-foot tiny home near Disneyland for $92 a night, and I'd totally do it again
On my latest trip to the California theme parks, I couldn't find an affordable hotel, so I opted to book a surprisingly spacious Airbnb nearby.
I'm an American who went to Rome for the first time. Here are 12 things that surprised me.
While working remotely and traveling across Europe, I spent two days exploring Rome for the first time. Here's everything that surprised me there.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Physics dynamic reconfigure ready. gzclient: /build/buildd/ogre-1.7.4/OgreMain/include/OgreAxisAlignedBox.h:252: void Ogre::AxisAlignedBox::setExtents(const Ogre::Vector3&, const Ogre::Vector3&): Assertion `(min.x <= max.x && min.y <= max.y && min.z <= max.z) && "The minimum corner of the box must be less than or equal to maximum corner"' failed.
or the whole robot looks strange as all the links are combined together (see capture here: https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B49go8f2Nr2gTTJzdl80ckxoOFk/edit?usp=sharing), and it does not rotate anymore. Thanks for any help!
I had a similar problem try adjusting pid values down also make sure your inertia is not set too high in your model. This will effect how high you have to set pid values to overcome inertia and friction forces.
That crash usually means your model has "exploded". Some value has probably become NaN. You can submit an issue on bitbucket. In the meantime, try adjusting your PID gains. Start with much lower values and work your way up.
Thanks! You are quite right! It works fine again when I set a small pid value.


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Home Live Emerald Tidings Newsletter
Please Make Sure Your Decks Are Safe!
Additional Yard Debris Truck Ordered
New Beach Monitoring and Maintenance Plan Adopted
Beach Driving Permits On Sale Now
Time Warner Cable Set to Transition to All-Digital
Town's Feral Cat Policy
Island Review Magazine Announces New Mailing Policy
"The Walking Man" Offers Presentation in Emerald Isle
Mark Your Calendars for the 2016 EI Marathon, Half-Marathon, & 5K Races
As widely reported in the media and by the Town, an extended family visiting Emerald Isle was injured on July 4 due to the collapse of an approximately 9 ft. by 10 ft. section of the deck floor. The family had gathered that evening for a group picture, and a total of 24 people were treated for injuries, some very serious.
This unfortunate accident serves as an important reminder to all Emerald Isle property owners (permanent residents, second home owners, and vacation rental unit owners) to check the condition of the decks at your property in Emerald Isle. Emerald Isle includes more than 6,700 housing units, and many of these units were originally constructed more than 25 years ago. Additionally, the corrosive nature of the coastal environment can take a heavy toll on wood and fasteners, and it's important to routinely inspect the condition of your property and take any necessary corrective action. There are many licensed general contractors and home inspectors in our area that would be happy to assist, along with area vacation rental companies.
In accordance with NC law, the Town inspects any new construction and significant repairs or renovations at the time the work is completed, but does not engage in routine, periodic inspections. This responsibility ultimately falls on the property owner, although the Town's inspectors will inspect any property for which a specific complaint is received. In an effort to assist our property owners, Town staff has prepared a simple, helpful "Citizens Guide to Deck Safety." The flyer includes a graphic illustrating typical deck construction along with illustrations of common problems and other helpful tips.
Additionally, it's important for everyone (property owners and visitors) to be mindful of the number of people gathered on a particular deck or section of deck.
If you have questions or need additional information or assistance, please contact Town Planner Josh Edmondson at 252-354-3338 or jedmondson@emeraldisle-nc.org.
The Town continues to experience heavy yard debris collection demands, and Town staff are working hard to keep up with the demand and provide timely service for our customers. Town staff currently provide service with a Town-owned yard debris collection truck, and the Town has also relied on a rental truck during peak demand periods, along with longer collection hours, additional collection days, and the use of a closer disposal facility. Despite these efforts, demand continues to outpace the Town's capabilities.
In an effort to improve the timeliness of yard debris collection services, the Town has ordered a second yard debris collection truck, and is currently recruiting for a new position to operate the truck. The new truck is expected in service by October, and should enable the Town to better meet service demands in the future. The new truck and new position are funded by an increase in the Town's annual solid waste fee that was authorized in the FY 15-16 budget.
The Board of Commissioners recently adopted a new, formal Beach Monitoring and Maintenance Plan that outlines the Town's commitment to future beach nourishment efforts in order to maintain a healthy, wide, protective beach strand. The new plan replaces the Town's current plan adopted in 2003, and includes historical data, annual beach profile surveys, identifies future sand sources, establishes new "triggers" for future nourishment activities, and outlines the Town's financing plans.
The Town's current plan has been invaluable in monitoring the condition of the Town's beach strand over the years, and has enabled the Town to remain eligible for FEMA financial assistance to replace sand lost during Federally-declared disaster events. The Town has been fortunate to receive approximately $15 million from FEMA since 2004 for such efforts. The adoption of the new plan will maintain the Town's eligibility for future FEMA assistance.
Overall, the Town's entire beach strand is currently in good condition, and no specific beach nourishment projects are currently planned. The Town continues to reserve room occupancy tax revenues, General Fund property tax revenues, and municipal service district property tax revenues for future nourishment efforts, and expects to have sufficient funds to implement the Beach Monitoring and Maintenance Plan.
The Town allows driving on the beach strand between September 15 and April 30 for four-wheel drive vehicles with a Town-issued permit. Permits are now available at the Town Administration Building (7509 Emerald Drive). To learn more about this program, and to download the appropriate form, please visit http://www.emeraldisle-nc.org/beachdrivingpage.htm . Be safe, respect others enjoying the beach strand, avoid the dunes, and have fun!
Time Warner Cable, the primary cable television provider in Emerald Isle, has announced a full conversion to digital format beginning on or about October 6, 2015. For some customers, additional equipment may be necessary to continue receiving Time Warner Cable programming. To learn more about these changes, please read a letter from Time Warner. To contact Time Warner Cable in our area, please visit http://www.timewarnercable.com/en/residential.html or call 1-800-892-4357.
The Town offers cat traps free of charge to Emerald Isle property owners concerned about feral cats. Cat traps can be picked up at the Town Administration Building (7509 Emerald Drive) during normal business hours. The property owner is responsible for setting up the trap on their property, and any captured cats will be collected by Carteret County Animal Control on a daily basis and transported to the Carteret County Animal Shelter near Newport. Please note that these traps should not be used to capture wild animals (a licensed trapper should be consulted), and that it is illegal to release any captured animals in the Croatan National Forest.
A local volunteer group, Island Cat Allies, has been working to help control the feral cat population in Emerald Isle for several years, and engages in a trap-neuter-release program aimed at reducing the feral cat population in a more humane manner over time. For more information about Island Cat Allies, please visit http://www.islandcatallies.com/index.php . Town ordinances allow the feeding of feral cat colonies only on private property with the permission of the property owner.
The Town's monthly "Emerald Tidings" newsletter is emailed each month to nearly 7,000 email subscribers, posted on the Town's website, distributed through Facebook and Twitter, and is printed in the monthly Island Review magazine. The Town places the highest priority on keeping our residents, property owners, visitors, and businesses informed about Town issues, and works hard to ensure that accurate, timely information is disseminated.
The privately-owned Island Review magazine recently announced new distribution changes for its monthly print edition. All residents and property owners who live in Emerald Isle, Carteret County, or North Carolina should receive a copy of the magazine in the mail, free of charge. Property owners who live out of state and others interested in the Island Review magazine can purchase an annual subscription for $12 per year. The print edition is also available in public racks in various locations in Emerald Isle, including the Town Administration Building. For more information, or to place your subscription order, please email roze@nccoast.com.
Jeff Rudisill, a frequent visitor to Emerald Isle from Virginia, will make a community presentation about the walk across the United States that he completed in 2010 - 2011. Jeff began his walk in Dana Point, California, and finished at Bogue Inlet Pier in January 2011. The presentation is sponsored by the Friends of Western Carteret Library, and will be held in the Town Board Meeting Room on Wednesday, August 19 at 7 pm. The event is free and open to the public.
Mark Your Calendars for the 2016 Emerald Isle Marathon, Half-Marathon, & 5K Races - Saturday, April 9, 2016
The Race Committee has announced that the 2016 Emerald Isle Marathon, Half-Marathon, & 5K races will be held on Saturday, April 9, 2016. This date has been selected to avoid a conflict with the Easter holiday on Sunday, March 27 (the established race weekend in Emerald Isle).
Mark your calendars, start your training program, and plan to join us for the 3rd annual event! The 2015 event included more than 1,500 participants, and raised more than $50,000 for heart issues and the Town's bicycle path network. The 2016 event hopes to surpass these totals, with proceeds earmarked for cystic fibrosis issues and the Town's bicycle path network.
We hope to see you, your family, and friends in Emerald Isle on April 9!
The Town operates 4 public beach access facilities with parking for more than 350 vehicles. The Town also manages more than 60 public beach access walkways along the Town's 12 miles of ocean beach!
Frank A. Rush, Jr.
frush@emeraldisle-nc.org
Posted by Frank Rush Monday, August 3, 2015 9:58:00 AM


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THINK 42: Thinking Through Africa: nPerspectives on Health, Wealth, and Well-Being
What is human well-being? How do we define it? How do we measure it? What do we mean when we talk about certain parts of the world as "developed" and others as "underdeveloped" or "developing"? How do improvements in human well-being come about? What happens when some people become much better off and others do not? In this course, we will use African experiences, past and present, to think critically and reflectively about concepts whose meaning we all too often take for granted: not only well-being and development, but also wealth and health, equality and inequality. Using the tools and techniques of four different disciplines -- history, anthropology, public health, and engineering -- we will tackle essential questions about the meaning of well-being and the indices by which we measure it, the role of politics in the development process, the importance of historical and cultural contexts, and the sometimes unanticipated challenges that individuals, institutions, and societies face when they seek to promote development and improve human well-being.
Terms: Spr | Units: 4 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP)
Instructors: Campbell, J. (PI) ; Davis, J. (PI) ; Ferguson, J. (PI) ... more instructors for THINK 42 »
Instructors: Campbell, J. (PI) ; Davis, J. (PI) ; Ferguson, J. (PI) ; Harris, A. (PI) ; Ives, S. (PI) ; Lyons, A. (PI)
THINK 42 | 4 units | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Class # 20288 | Section 01 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | LEC | Students enrolled: 52 / 90
03/30/2015 - 06/03/2015 Mon, Wed 11:00 AM - 11:50 AM at Ceras 300 with Campbell, J. (PI); Davis, J. (PI); Ferguson, J. (PI)
Exam Date/Time: 2015-06-05 8:30am - 11:30am (Exam Schedule)
Instructors: Campbell, J. (PI); Davis, J. (PI); Ferguson, J. (PI)
THINK 42 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Class # 20356 | Section 02 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | DIS | Students enrolled: 9 / 15
03/30/2015 - 06/03/2015 Mon, Wed 1:15 PM - 2:05 PM at 160-321 with Lyons, A. (PI)
Instructors: Lyons, A. (PI)
THINK 42 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Class # 20357 | Section 03 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | DIS | Students enrolled: 11 / 15
03/30/2015 - 06/03/2015 Tue, Thu 10:00 AM - 10:50 AM at 160-321 with Ives, S. (PI)
Instructors: Ives, S. (PI)
03/30/2015 - 06/03/2015 Tue, Thu 12:15 PM - 1:05 PM at 260-002 with Harris, A. (PI)
Instructors: Harris, A. (PI)
THINK 43: What is love?
Is love a spiritual or a bodily phenomenon? Is the concept of love timeless or ever changing? How does thinking about love lead us to ask other important philosophical and social questions? In this course we will examine the classical roots, medieval developments, and contemporary permutations of Western ideas of romantic love. With an eye to thinking about representations of love in our own culture, we consider some of the foundational love books of the Western tradition. From Plato's Symposium to Chester Brown's graphic novel Paying For It, we ask the fundamental question of whether and how we might distinguish between spiritual and physical desire. We consider how medieval and contemporary writers dealt with the relation of love to sex, power, money, marriage, and gender. We discuss these works of the past, for example the illicit love in the courtly romance Tristan, in tandem with representations of clandestine love from the present day, such as the portrayal of same-sex love in Brokeback Mountain.
Terms: Aut, last offered Autumn 2014 | Units: 4 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-A-II, WAY-ED | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP)
Instructors: Kania, R. (PI) ; Lummus, D. (PI) ; Norako, L. (PI) ; Starkey, K. (PI)
THINK 43 | 4 units | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-A-II, WAY-ED | Class # 1002 | Section 01 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | LEC | Students enrolled: 59 / 70
09/22/2014 - 12/12/2014 Mon, Wed 9:00 AM - 9:50 AM at 260-113 with Lummus, D. (PI); Starkey, K. (PI)
Instructors: Lummus, D. (PI); Starkey, K. (PI)
THINK 43 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-A-II, WAY-ED | Class # 29238 | Section 02 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | DIS | Students enrolled: 7
09/22/2014 - 12/05/2014 Mon, Wed 11:00 AM - 11:50 AM at 300-303 with Kania, R. (PI)
Instructors: Kania, R. (PI)
THINK 43 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-A-II, WAY-ED | Class # 29810 | Section 03 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | DIS | Students enrolled: 12 / 15
09/22/2014 - 12/05/2014 Mon, Wed 12:15 PM - 1:05 PM at 300-303 with Kania, R. (PI)
09/22/2014 - 12/05/2014 Tue, Thu 10:00 AM - 10:50 AM at 300-303 with Norako, L. (PI)
Instructors: Norako, L. (PI)
THINK 43 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-A-II, WAY-ED | Class # 31712 | Section 06 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | DIS | Students enrolled: 8 / 15
09/22/2014 - 12/05/2014 Mon, Wed 11:00 AM - 11:50 AM at Sweet303 with Norako, L. (PI)
09/22/2014 - 12/05/2014 Tue, Thu 10:00 AM - 10:50 AM at School of Education 230 with Kania, R. (PI)
THINK 46: Why So Few? Gender Diversity and Leadership
Why there are so few women leaders and what is the cost to society for women's underrepresentation in positions of power? How can organizations and individuals increase women's leadership and be more inclusive of the diverse people that make up our society? Women make up half the population and have earned more than half of all the undergraduate degrees in the U.S. since the early 1980s; yet women comprise only 17% of US Congress, 4% of Fortune 500 CEOs, 16% of the board of directors of major corporations, 22% of tenured faculty at Stanford, and less than a fifth of law firm partners. For women of color, these numbers are considerably lower. Yet, research shows that gender diversity increases the creativity and innovation of groups. In this course, we will directly address the questions of why there are so few women leaders and what can be done, at an organizational and individual level, to increase their representation. Using the lens of sociology, we will think critically about leadership, influence, power, status, gender stereotypes, mentorship, and negotiation. Once we understand the mechanisms underpinning the lack of women leaders, we will discuss and critique potential interventions. A unique aspect of this course will be to apply some of the scholarly research on gender and leadership to our lives outside the classroom. We will be using modules based on those used in businesses schools and corporate executive training. Students will develop practical, real-world skills to increase their own leadership capacities by working on projects and taking part in interactive sessions on negotiation and team dynamics.
Terms: Win | Units: 4 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP)
Instructors: Alemdaroglu, A. (PI) ; Correll, S. (PI) ; Gruys, K. (PI) ; Mohanty, P. (PI)
01/05/2015 - 03/13/2015 Mon, Wed 12:15 PM - 1:05 PM at Art2 with Correll, S. (PI)
Instructors: Correll, S. (PI)
THINK 46 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Class # 29589 | Section 02 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | DIS | Students enrolled: 7
01/05/2015 - 03/13/2015 Mon, Wed 3:15 PM - 4:05 PM at Sweet303 with Mohanty, P. (PI)
Instructors: Mohanty, P. (PI)
THINK 46 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Class # 30097 (CANCELLED) | Section 03 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | DIS
Notes: This class section has been cancelled!
THINK 46 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Class # 30098 | Section 04 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | DIS
01/05/2015 - 03/13/2015 Tue, Thu 9:00 AM - 9:50 AM at 160-321 with Alemdaroglu, A. (PI)
Instructors: Alemdaroglu, A. (PI)
01/05/2015 - 03/13/2015 Tue, Thu 10:00 AM - 10:50 AM at 160-321 with Alemdaroglu, A. (PI)
01/05/2015 - 03/13/2015 Tue, Thu 11:00 AM - 11:50 AM at Sweet303 with Gruys, K. (PI)
Instructors: Gruys, K. (PI)
01/05/2015 - 03/13/2015 Tue, Thu 12:15 PM - 1:05 PM at Sweet303 with Gruys, K. (PI)
THINK 48: Reading the Body: How Medicine and Culture Define the Self
How have our perceptions of what is considered normal/abnormal; beautiful/ugly; infected/uninfected changed over time? How do these changing medical and cultural representations of the body reflect larger societal shifts? How does illness change our perceptions of our bodies and our identities? Viewed through the lens of medicine, the body is a text that offers clues to health and illness, yet clinical readings are never entirely objective. Culture informs and distorts how we discern, accept, reject, and analyze our bodies. Looking at literary, medical, ethical, and anthropological texts, we ask how representations of the body affects the way we experience illness, embody gender and racial identities, and understand our rights (or lack of rights) to control our own bodies. We will critically examine our perceptions about the body and debate some of the most complex and sensitive issues surrounding the body, from the ethics of medical research trials to end of life decisions.
Terms: Spr | Units: 4 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-ED | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP)
Instructors: Alemdaroglu, A. (PI) ; Corwin, A. (PI) ; Costanzo, C. (PI) ... more instructors for THINK 48 »
Instructors: Alemdaroglu, A. (PI) ; Corwin, A. (PI) ; Costanzo, C. (PI) ; Gruys, K. (PI) ; Martinez, N. (PI) ; McCormack, K. (PI) ; Verghese, A. (PI)
THINK 48 | 4 units | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-ED | Class # 20615 | Section 01 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | LEC | Students enrolled: 80 / 100
03/30/2015 - 06/03/2015 Tue, Thu 12:15 PM - 1:05 PM at 200-002 with Costanzo, C. (PI); Verghese, A. (PI)
Instructors: Costanzo, C. (PI); Verghese, A. (PI)
THINK 48 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-ED | Class # 30050 | Section 02 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | DIS | Students enrolled: 10 / 15
03/30/2015 - 06/03/2015 Tue, Thu 2:15 PM - 3:05 PM at School of Education 130 with Corwin, A. (PI)
Instructors: Corwin, A. (PI)
03/30/2015 - 06/03/2015 Tue, Thu 2:15 PM - 3:05 PM at Lathrop 290 with Gruys, K. (PI)
03/30/2015 - 06/03/2015 Wed, Fri 9:00 AM - 9:50 AM at 240-110 with McCormack, K. (PI)
Instructors: McCormack, K. (PI)
03/30/2015 - 06/03/2015 Wed, Fri 10:00 AM - 10:50 AM at 50-51P with Martinez, N. (PI)
Instructors: Martinez, N. (PI)
THINK 48 | UG Reqs: THINK, WAY-ED | Class # 30538 | Section 08 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | DIS | Students enrolled: 5
03/30/2015 - 06/03/2015 Wed, Fri 1:15 PM - 2:05 PM at Sweet303 with Alemdaroglu, A. (PI)
URBANST 25Q: The Origins of the Modern American City, 1865-1920 (AMSTUD 25Q, HISTORY 55Q)
Are we living in a new Gilded Age? To answer this question, we go back to the original Gilded Age, as well as its successor, the Progressive Era. How did urban Americans around the turn of the twentieth century deal with stark inequalities of class, race, ethnicity, gender, and sexuality? And what can we learn from their struggles for our own time? Students use primary and secondary sources in digital and print formats. Possible field trip to San Francisco.
URBANST 25Q | 3 units | UG Reqs: WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Class # 20433 | Section 01 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | ISS | Students enrolled: 8 / 14
01/05/2015 - 03/13/2015 Tue, Thu 2:15 PM - 3:30 PM at Green Earth Sciences131 with Kahan, M. (PI)
URBANST 110: Utopia and Reality: Introduction to Urban Studies
Designed for freshmen and sophomores. Introduction to the study of cities and urban civilization focusing on the utopias that have been produced over time to guide and inspire city-dwellers to improve and perfect their urban environments. History of urbanization and the urban planning theories inspired by Ebenezer Howard, Le Corbusier, Frank Lloyd Wright, the New Urbanists and Smart Growth advocates that address current issues such as urban community dynamics, suburbanization, sustainability, and globalization. Public policy approaches designed to address these issues and utopian visions of what cities could be, or should be, in the future. Topic of the final paper chosen by the student, with consent of instructor, and may be a historical research paper, a policy-advocacy paper, or a proposal for an urban utopia that addresses the challenges and possibilities of urban life today.
Terms: Aut, Spr | Units: 4 | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, GER:EC-AmerCul, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP)
Instructors: Benditt, L. (PI) ; Brandtner, C. (PI) ; Stout, F. (PI) ; Westenberger, S. (PI)
URBANST 110 | 4 units | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, GER:EC-AmerCul, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Class # 18387 | Section 01 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | LEC | Students enrolled: 34
09/22/2014 - 12/05/2014 Mon, Wed, Fri 11:00 AM - 11:50 AM at 260-113 with Stout, F. (PI)
Instructors: Stout, F. (PI)
URBANST 110 | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, GER:EC-AmerCul, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Class # 27371 | Section 02 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | DIS | Students enrolled: 20 / 30
09/22/2014 - 12/05/2014 Fri 11:00 AM - 11:50 AM at Lathrop 299 with Benditt, L. (PI)
Instructors: Benditt, L. (PI)
URBANST 110 | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, GER:EC-AmerCul, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Class # 31471 | Section 03 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | DIS | Students enrolled: 3
09/22/2014 - 12/05/2014 Fri 11:00 AM - 11:50 AM at 160-314 with Brandtner, C. (PI)
Instructors: Brandtner, C. (PI)
URBANST 110 | 4 units | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, GER:EC-AmerCul, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Class # 16200 | Section 01 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | LEC | Students enrolled: 31 / 32
03/30/2015 - 06/03/2015 Mon, Wed, Fri 11:00 AM - 11:50 AM at Lathrop 282 with Stout, F. (PI)
03/30/2015 - 06/03/2015 Thu 11:00 AM - 11:50 AM at Lathrop 290 with Brandtner, C. (PI)
03/30/2015 - 06/03/2015 Fri 11:00 AM - 11:50 AM at 60-120 with Westenberger, S. (PI)
Instructors: Westenberger, S. (PI)
URBANST 112: The Urban Underclass (SOC 149, SOC 249)
(Graduate students register for 249.) Recent research and theory on the urban underclass, including evidence on the concentration of African Americans in urban ghettos, and the debate surrounding the causes of poverty in urban settings. Ethnic/racial conflict, residential segregation, and changes in the family structure of the urban poor.
Terms: Aut, last offered Autumn 2014 | Units: 4 | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, GER:EC-AmerCul, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Grading: Letter or Credit/No Credit
Instructors: Rosenfeld, M. (PI)
URBANST 112 | 4 units | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, GER:EC-AmerCul, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Class # 29165 | Section 01 | Grading: Letter or Credit/No Credit | LEC | Students enrolled: 7
09/22/2014 - 12/05/2014 Mon, Wed 3:15 PM - 4:30 PM at McCullough 115 with Rosenfeld, M. (PI)
URBANST 114: Urban Culture in Global Perspective (ANTHRO 126)
Core course for Urban Studies majors. We will study urban space both historically and cross-culturally. Urban Studies, by definition, is an interdisciplinary field, where the methodological approaches draw upon a diverse set of analytic tools. Disciplines that occupy a prominent place in this class are geography, cultural anthropology, sociology, history, media studies, and literature. In this context, we will discuss the importance of cities around the world to the economic, cultural, and political well-being of modern societies and examine how forces such as industrialization, decentralization, and globalization affect the structure and function of cities.
Terms: Aut | Units: 5 | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP)
Instructors: Hansen, T. (PI)
URBANST 114 | 5 units | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Class # 28955 | Section 01 | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP) | SEM | Students enrolled: 2
09/22/2014 - 12/05/2014 Wed 1:15 PM - 3:05 PM at 50-51A with Hansen, T. (PI)
09/22/2014 - 12/05/2014 Mon, Wed 1:15 PM - 3:05 PM at Herrin T185 with Hansen, T. (PI)
URBANST 122: Ethics and Politics of Public Service (CSRE 178, ETHICSOC 133, HUMBIO 178, PHIL 175A, PHIL 275A, POLISCI 133, PUBLPOL 103D)
Ethical and political questions in public service work, including volunteering, service learning, humanitarian assistance, and public service professions such as medicine and teaching. Motives and outcomes in service work. Connections between service work and justice. Is mandatory service an oxymoron? History of public service in the U.S. Issues in crosscultural service work. Integration with the Haas Center for Public Service to connect service activities and public service aspirations with academic experiences at Stanford. [This class is capped but there are some spaces available with permission of instructor. If the class is full and you would like to be considered for these extra spaces, please email sburbank@stanford.edu with your name, grade level, and a paragraph explaining why you want to take the class.]
Terms: not given this year | Units: 5 | UG Reqs: GER:DB-SocSci, WAY-ED, WAY-ER | Grading: Letter or Credit/No Credit
URBANST 126: Spirituality and Nonviolent Urban and Social Transformation (CSRE 162A, RELIGST 162)
A life of engagement in social transformation is often built on a foundation of spiritual and religious commitments. Case studies of nonviolent social change agents including Rosa Parks in the civil rights movement, César Chávez in the labor movement, and WIlliam Sloane Coffin in the peace movement; the religious and spiritual underpinnings of their commitments. Theory and principles of nonviolence. Films and readings. Service learning component includes placements in organizations engaged in social transformation. Service Learning Course (certified by Haas Center).
Terms: not given this year | Units: 3 | UG Reqs: GER:DB-Hum, WAY-ED, WAY-SI | Grading: Letter (ABCD/NP)
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How To Build Effective Keywords List?
Creating a good keyword list takes time, effort, and focus. However it's one among the most vital stuff you will do to assist your business, agency, or customers achieve success.
A keyword list is a list of words that you simply need to focus on together with your marketing. You may be targeting these words in order that you show up on search result pages once someone searches for this keyword, or the list could also be words you wish to use in your promoting as a result of the resonate together with your audience.
3. Checking volume and competition for those keywords.
–Email marketing services and so on….
So, I would use these keywords as my seed keywords to begin the keyword research. Now, it's your turn. What are your seed keywords? You got to find them first. How do you do it?
Go to Amazon and check the books published in your niche category and see what keywords are associated with those books [and what keywords are mentioned in the reviews. Go to Quora and check the question in your niche and it gives you the rough idea [sometimes clear idea] about what questions your audience has and what keywords they use to describe. You can repeat the same process with blogs, forums in your niche.
Now, you need to expand this seed list and find what else people are searching related to those keywords. Let's do that. There are many keyword tools out on search engines. Advanced tools are providing tons of information related to the keywords that can help you pick the best ones without much sweat. But initially, you can start with the Google Keyword Planner because it's free. So, load all your seed keywords into Google Keyword Planner's "Find Keywords" option, and you'll get all the keywords related to your seed keyword. You can also choose any keyword tool of your choice. I'll list the tools I use and recommend in one of the future emails.
You got the keywords. Depending on your seed keywords, you may have a long list of keywords or a short one. But, before going further, you need to know whether the keywords are good enough.
Let's get back to Google Keyword Planner and load all the keywords and hit [with average search volume, average bid value, and competition fields selected] .
Now, you'll see each keyword listed with its average search volume, competition and bid price. [You might see the same in the previous step also] Remember, you need to take both the average search volume and competition with a pinch of salt. Because search volume is average and the competition is about the advertisers competing. [but hey, more advertisers competing for the keyword means good for you] To check the competition, you can search for the keyword with double quotes and square brackets and see how many results are there. [With MozBar installed, you can see a lot more details. Let's keep it for future.] I know it's a long and annoying work. Trust me; you'll learn a lot. Or you can use one of the advanced tools that provide the keyword difficulty score by measuring several factors.
Tip: Remember, search volume is not equal to search traffic. Because not everyone who searches clicks on the results they see. Now, you have the keywords with their search volume and competition details. Sort them according to your preference, and you've your keyword list. And you've done it. You have completed your keyword research. Well, almost. One last thing. You need to group the keywords according to the topic.
I'll be grouping my keywords into on page SEO, link building, Adwords bid management, Adwords ad optimization, etc. Because Google now prefers detailed content related to topics instead of short content focused on keywords. You want to win the Google search, focus on topics, not keywords.
One problem with goggle keyword planner is, everyone gets the same list of keywords. If you want different suggestions, instead of entering seed keywords enter a URL from another website in your niche. You can get the list of keywords most of your competitors wouldn't have seen. The URL can be a website or a blog or a particular webpage.
It's a never-ending process. But, once you got a decent list of keywords, you got to stop and proceed further.


text:
Q: What's the net::ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR about? I'm currently working on a website, which triggers a net::ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR 200 error on Google Chrome. I'm not sure exactly what can provoke this error, I just noticed it pops out only when accessing the website in HTTPS. I can't be 100% sure it is related, but it looks like it prevents JavaScript to be executed properly.
For instance, the following scenario happens :

*

*I'm accessing the website in HTTPS

*My Twitter feed integrated via https://publish.twitter.com  isn't loaded at all

*I can notice in the console the ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR

*If I remove the code to load the Twitter feed, the error remains

*If I access the website in HTTP, the Twitter feed appears and the error disappears
Google Chrome is the only web browser triggering the error: it works well on both Edge and Firefox.
(NB: I tried with Safari, and I have a similar kcferrordomaincfnetwork 303 error)
I was wondering if it could be related to the header returned by the server since there is this '200' mention in the error, and a 404 / 500 page isn't triggering anything.
Thing is the error isn't documented at all. Google search gives me very few results. Moreover, I noticed it appears on very recent Google Chrome releases; the error doesn't pop on v.64.X, but it does on v.75+ (regardless of the OS; I'm working on Mac tho).

Might be related to Website OK on Firefox but not on Safari (kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork error 303) neither Chrome (net::ERR_SPDY_PROTOCOL_ERROR)

Findings from further investigations are the following:

*

*error doesn't pop on the exact same page if server returns 404 instead of 2XX

*error doesn't pop on local with a HTTPS certificate

*error pops on a different server (both are OVH's), which uses a different certificate

*error pops no matter what PHP version is used, from 5.6 to 7.3 (framework used : Cakephp 2.10)

As requested, below is the returned header for the failing ressource, which is the whole web page. Even if the error is triggering on each page having a HTTP header 200, those pages are always loading on client's browser, but sometimes an element is missing (in my exemple, the external Twitter feed). Every other asset on the Network tab has a success return, except the whole document itself.

Google Chrome header (with error):

Firefox header (without error):

A curl --head --http2 request in console returns the following success:
HTTP/2 200
date: Fri, 04 Oct 2019 08:04:51 GMT
content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
content-length: 127089
set-cookie: SERVERID31396=2341116; path=/; max-age=900
server: Apache
x-powered-by: PHP/7.2
set-cookie: xxxxx=0919c5563fc87d601ab99e2f85d4217d; expires=Fri, 04-Oct-2019 12:04:51 GMT; Max-Age=14400; path=/; secure; HttpOnly
vary: Accept-Encoding

Trying to go deeper with the chrome://net-export/ and https://netlog-viewer.appspot.com tools is telling me the request ends with a RST_STREAM :
t=123354 [st=5170]    HTTP2_SESSION_RECV_RST_STREAM
                      --> error_code = "2 (INTERNAL_ERROR)"
                      --> stream_id = 1

For what I read in this other post, "In HTTP/2, if the client wants to abort the request, it sends a RST_STREAM. When the server receives a RST_STREAM, it will stop sending DATA frames to the client, thereby stopping the response (or the download). The connection is still usable for other requests, and requests/responses that were concurrent with the one that has been aborted may continue to progress.
[...]
It is possible that by the time the RST_STREAM travels from the client to the server, the whole content of the request is in transit and will arrive to the client, which will discard it. However, for large response contents, sending a RST_STREAM may have a good chance to arrive to the server before the whole response content is sent, and therefore will save bandwidth."
The described behavior is the same as the one I can observe. But that would mean the browser is the culprit, and then I wouldn't understand why it happens on two identical pages with one having a 200 header and the other a 404 (same goes if I disable JS).

A: I encountered this because the http2 server closed the connection when sending a big response to the Chrome.
Why?
Because it is just a setting of the http2 server, named WriteTimeout.

A: In my case it was - no disk space left on the web server.

A: I didn't figure out what exactly was happening, but I found a solution.
The CDN feature of OVH was the culprit. I had it installed on my host service but disabled for my domain because I didn't need it.
Somehow, when I enable it, everything works.
I think it forces Apache to use the HTTP2 protocol, but what I don't understand is that there indeed was an HTTP2 mention in each of my headers, which I presume means the server was answering using the right protocol.
So the solution for my very particular case was to enable the CDN option on all concerned domains.
If anyone understands better what could have happened here, feel free to share explanations.

A: I had this problem when having a Nginx server that exposing the node-js application to the external world. The Nginx made the file (css, js, ...) compressed with gzip and with Chrome it looked like the same.
The problem solved when we found that the node-js server is also compressed the content with gzip. In someway, this double compressing leading to this problem. Canceling node-js compression solved the issue.

A: I faced this error several times and, it was due to transferring large resources(larger than 3MB) from server to client.

A: This error is currently being fixed: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/2001234
But it helped me, changing nginx settings:

*

*turning on gzip;

*add_header 'Cache-Control' 'no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=0';

*expires off;

In my case, Nginx acts as a reverse proxy for Node.js application.

A: We experienced this problem on pages with long Base64 strings. The problem occurs because we use CloudFlare.
Details: https://community.cloudflare.com/t/err-http2-protocol-error/119619.
Key section from the forum post:

After further testing on Incognito tabs on multiple browsers, then
  doing the changes on the code from a BASE64 to a real .png image, the
  issue never happened again, in ANY browser. The .png had around 500kb
  before becoming a base64,so CloudFlare has issues with huge lines of
  text on same line (since base64 is a long string) as a proxy between
  the domain and the heroku. As mentioned before, directly hitting
  Heroku url also never happened the issue.

The temporary hack is to disable HTTP/2 on CloudFlare.
Hope someone else can produce a better solution that doesn't require disabling HTTP/2 on CloudFlare.

A: For several weeks I was also annoyed by this "bug":
net :: ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR 200

In my case, it occurred on images generated by PHP.
It was at header() level, and on this one in particular:
header ('Content-Length:'. Filesize($cache_file));

It did obviously not return the exact size, so I deleted it and everything works fine now.
So Chrome checks the accuracy of the data transmitted via the headers, and if it does not correspond, it fails.
EDIT
I found why content-length via filesize was being miscalculated: the GZIP compression is active on the PHP files, so excluding the file in question will fix the problem. Put this code in the .htaccess:
SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI ^ / thumb.php no-gzip -vary

It works and we keep the header Content-length.

A: I am finally able to solve this error after researching some things I thought is causing the error for 24 errors. I visited all the pages across the web. And I am happy to say that I have found the solution.
If you are using NGINX, then set gzip to off and add proxy_max_temp_file_size 0; in the server block like I have shown below.
 server {
  ...
  ...
  gzip off;
  proxy_max_temp_file_size 0;
  location / {
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000/;
  ....

Why? Because what actually happening was all the contents were being compressed twice and we don't want that, right?!

A: The fix for me was setting minBytesPerSecond in IIS to 0. This setting can be found in system.applicationHost/webLimits in IIS's Configuration Editor. By default it's set to 240.

It turns out that some webservers will cut the connection to a client if the server's data throughput to the client passes below a certain limit. This is to protect against "slow drip" denial of service attacks. However, this limit can also be triggered in cases where an innocent user requests many resources all at once (such as lots of images on a single page), and the server is forced to ration the bandwidth for each request so much that it causes one or more requests to drop below the throughput limit, which causes the server to cut the connection and shows up as net::ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR in Chrome.
For example, let's say you request 10 GIF images all at once, and each GIF is 10 megabytes (100MB total). If your download speed from the server is 1MB per second, the server will have to divide that 1MBps amongst the 10 images somehow. Now, here is where it gets interesting, as how the bandwidth gets divided seems to be random:

*

*Your browser may divide the bandwidth equally across the images, resulting in 0.1MBps allocated to each image. None of the download speeds fall below the default IIS minBytesPerSecond limit of 240 bytes, so all the GIFs download successfully.

*Your browser may prioritize first 5 at 0.2MBps, and put the last 5 "on hold" at 0MBps, to be downloaded after the first 5. However, since 0MBps is below the default IIS minBytesPerSecond limit of 240 bytes, the server cuts the connection to the remaining downloads.

I was able to stop the connections from being cut by following these steps:

*

*I used Chrome's Network Log Export tool at chrome://net-export/ to see exactly what was behind the ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR error. I started the log, reproduced the error, and stopped the log.

*I imported the log into the log viewer at https://netlog-viewer.appspot.com/#import, and saw an interesting event titled HTTP2_SESSION_RECV_RST_STREAM, with error code 8 (CANCEL).

*I did some Googling on the term "RST_STREAM" (which appears to be an abbreviated form of "reset stream") and found a discussion between some people talking about an IIS setting called minBytesPerSecond (discussion here: https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/aeb01c46-bcdf-40ed-a417-8a3558221137). I also found another discussion where there was some debate about whether minBytesPerSecond was intended to protect against slow HTTP DoS (slow drip) attacks (discussion here: IIS 8.5 low minBytesPerSecond not working against slow HTTP POST). In any case, I learned that IIS uses minBytesPerSecond to determine whether to cancel a connection if it cannot sustain the minimum throughput. This is relevant in cases where a single user makes many requests to a large resource, and each new connection ends up starving all the other unfinished ones, to the point where some may fall below the minBytesPerSecond threshold.

*To confirm that the server was canceling requests due to a minBytesPerSecond error, I checked my server's HTTPERR log at c:\windows\system32\logfiles\httperr. Sure enough, I opened the file and did a text search for "MinBytesPerSecond" and there were tons of entries for it.

*So after I changed the minBytesPerSecond to 0, I was no longer able to reproduce the ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR error. So, it appears that the ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR error was being caused by my server (IIS) canceling the request because the throughput rate from my server fell below the minBytesPerSecond threshold.

So for all you reading this right now, if you're not using IIS, maybe there is a similar setting related to minimum throughput rate you can play with to see if it gets rid of the ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR error.

A: In our case, the reason was invalid header.
As mentioned in Edit 4:

*

*take the logs

*in the viewer choose Events

*chose HTTP2_SESSION
Look for something similar:

HTTP2_SESSION_RECV_INVALID_HEADER
--> error = "Invalid character in header name."
--> header_name = "charset=utf-8"

A: By default nginx limits upload size to 1MB.
With client_max_body_size you can set your own limit, as in
location /uploads {
    ...
    client_max_body_size 100M;
}

You can set this setting also on the http or server block instead (See here).
This fixed my issue with net::ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR

A: Just posting here to let people know that ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR in Chrome can also be caused by an unexpected response to a CORS request.
In our case, the OPTIONS request was successful, but the following PUT that should upload an image to our infrastructure was denied with a 410 (because of a missing configuration allowing uploads) resulting in Chrome issuing a ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR.
When checking in Firefox, the error message was much more helpful:
Cross-Origin Request Blocked: The Same Origin Policy disallows reading the remote resource at https://www.[...] (Reason: CORS header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' missing). Status code: 410.
My recommendation would be to check an alternative browser in this case.

A: I experienced a similar problem, I was getting ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR on one of the HTTP GET requests.
I noticed that the Chrome update was pending, so I updated the Chrome browser to the latest version and the error was gone next time when I relaunched the browser.

A: I hit this issue working with Server Sent Events. The problem was solved when I noticed that the domain name I used to initiate the connection included a trailing slash, e.g. https://foo.bar.bam/ failed with ERR_HTTP_PROTOCOL_ERROR while https://foo.bar.bam worked.

A: I'm not convinced this was the issue but through cPanel I'd noticed the PHP version was on 5.6 and changing it to 7.3 seemed to fix it. This was for a WordPress site. I noticed I could access images and generic PHP files but loading WordPress itself caused the error.

A: Seems like many issues may cause ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR: in my case it was a minor syntax error in a php-generated header, Content-Type : text/plain . You might notice the space before the colon... that was it. Works no problem when the colon is right next to the header name like Content-Type: text/plain. Only took a million hours to figure out... The error happens with Chrome only, Firefox loaded the object without complaint.

A: If simply restarting e.g., Chrome Canary, with a fresh profile fixes the problem, then one surely
is the "victim" of a failed Chrome Variation! Yes, there are ways to opt out of being a Guinea pig in Chrome's field testing.

A: In my case
header params can not set null or empty string
{
 'Authorization': Authorization  //Authorization can't use null or ''
}

A: I got the same issue (asp, c#  - HttpPostedFileBase) when posting a file that was larger than 1MB (even though application doesn't have any limitation for file size), for me the simplification of model class helped. If you got this issue, try to remove some parts of the model, and see if it will help in any way. Sounds strange, but worked for me.

A: I have been experiencing this problem for the last week now as I've been trying to send DELETE requests to my PHP server through AJAX. I recently upgraded my hosting plan where I now have an SSL Certificate on my host which stores the PHP and JS files. Since adding an SSL Certificate I no longer experience this issue. Hoping this helps with this strange error.

A: I also faced this error and I believe there can be multiple reasons behind it. Mine was, ARR was getting timed-out.
In my case, browser was making a request to a reverse proxy site where I have set my redirection rules and that proxy site is eventually requesting the actual site. Now for huge data it was taking more than 2 minutes 5 seconds and Application Request Routing timeout for my server was set to 2 minutes. I fixed this by increasing the ARR timeout by below steps:
1. Go to IIS
2. Click on server name
3. Click on Application Request Routing Cache in the middle pane
4. Click Server Proxy settings in right pane
5. Increase the timeout
6. Click Apply

A: My team saw this on a single javascript file we were serving up. Every other file worked fine. We switched from http2 back to http1.1 and then either net::ERR_INCOMPLETE_CHUNKED_ENCODING or ERR_CONTENT_LENGTH_MISMATCH. We ultimately discovered that there was a corporate filter (Trustwave) that was erroneously detecting an "infoleak" (we suspect it detected something in our file/filename that resembled a social security number). Getting corporate to tweak this filter resolved our issues.

A: For my situation this error was caused by having circular references in json sent from the server when using an ORM for parent/child relationships. So the quick and easy solution was
JsonConvert.SerializeObject(myObject, new JsonSerializerSettings { ReferenceLoopHandling = ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore })

The better solution is to create DTOs that do not contain the references on both sides (parent/child).

A: I had another case that caused an ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR that hasn't been mentioned here yet.  I had created a cross reference in IOC (Unity), where I had class A referencing class B (through a couple of layers), and class B referencing class A.  Bad design on my part really.  But I created a new interface/class for the method in class A that I was calling from class B, and that cleared it up.

A: In my case, it was WordPress that now requires PHP 7.4 and I was running 7.2.
As soon as I updated, the errors disappeared.

Happened again and this time it was the ad-blocker that didn't like the name of my images (yt.png, ig.png, url.png). I added a prefix and all loaded ok.

A: In my case (nginx on windows proxying an app while serving static assets on its own) page was showing multiple assets including 14 bigger pictures; those errors were shown for about 5 of those images exactly after 60 seconds; in my case it was a default send_timeout of 60s making those image requests fail; increasing the send_timeout made it work
I am not sure what is causing nginx on windows to serve those files so slow - it is only 11.5MB of resources which takes nginx almost 2 minutes to serve but I guess it is subject for another thread

A: In my case, the problem was that Bitdefender provided me with a local ssl certificate, when the website was still without a certificate.
When I disabled Bitdefender and reloaded the page, the actual valid server ssl certificate was loaded, and the ERR_HTTP2_PROTOCOL_ERROR was gone.

A: In my case, the time on my computer (browser client) was out of date, synced it using settings in windows, and then the error got away

A: I had line breaks in my Content-Security-Policy in my nginx.conf that produced this error when used in an docker container running in Kube in GCP (serving angular but I doubt that matters).
Putting them all back on the same line and the problem went away.
A curl -v helped diagnose.
 http2 error: Invalid HTTP header field was received: frame type: 1, stream: 1, name: [content-security-policy], value: [script-src 'unsafe-inline' 'self....

It was much easier to edit on separate lines but never again!

A: Just writing to help someone with the same scenario.
I use .NET Core 6 API + Angular 13.
The problem was with my JSON serializer options max depth. I increased the problem was fixed.
[https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.text.json.jsonserializeroptions.maxdepth?view=net-6.0][1]

A: Our ASP.Net application was throwing the same error. Other applications on the same server using the same SSL certificate were running fine.
Inexplicably, it turns our the error was due to the SQL Server Express database reaching it's limit of 10GB. We found the error in the Windows error log.
Clearing some tables and reducing the DB size solve the error!!

A: I also got the same issue and what I did was just simply go to Help > About Google Chrome and update the to the latest version.
After the updating process done, this error will disappear and I can browse anything I want as usual again.

A: I experienced the same issue in C# NET Core 6. I was writing results to the body response with the method WriteAsync and returning with Task.CompletedTask
Like below:
await ctx.Response.WriteAsync("something to return");
return Task.CompletedTask;

And changed it to the code below:
 await ctx.Response.WriteAsync("something to return");
 return ctx.Response.CompleteAsync();

And it works fine now.
Apparently, you need to tell the Response object that you finished editing it.

A: My problem was that my access token was too large, making the header also too large, so I refactored its content to fix the error

A: In my case (HTTPS protocol, PHP) the reason was:
wrong 404 header (
header('404 Not found', true);

instead of
header($_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'].' 404 Not found', true);

) - legacy from previous web developer.

A: I cleared the browser cache. It did not work.
Then I flush the dns cache by ipconfig /flushdns. It work!
Helpful link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BYhtTa11ySM

A: maybe HDD is fill fully.
try clean.

A: For those landing from search engines.
I had this issue recently, albeit not PHP, rather .NET and Angular. I tried the vast majority of suggestions here and on the MS support forums for IIS etc. In the end I had to reinstall / repair IIS Express via the old control panel (this restores the development certificate, I don't actually use IIS Express) and disable HTTP/2 under the HTTPS binding for the application. Of course, this is for a development environment only.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


If Michael Gondry and Tim Burton had their brains infused into a nihilist's journal entry and set to music, it may look a little like this. Worth mentioning none the less.
As a long time fan of Gregory Crewdson I'm really stoked to see a documentary made about his process. His work is absolutely breath taking to see in person and makes his movie production style of creating stills justified. I doubt I'll make it to SXSW this year for the premier. If it screens in San Francisco, I'll be there.
For more on Crewdson visit aperture.org/crewdson/ or find his work in a gallery close to you and experience it first hand.
The Black Harbor had a great post about Barnaby Ward, aka Somefield, last week. I was unfamiliar with the work but was instantly drawn to the solid color backgrounds, bright simple pallete, pen and ink style illustrations and most importantly pairing of fantastic monsters with unimpressed girls. It reminded me of Zak Smith's work focused through Ritalin (only offered as an observation, not a judgement on either artist's work). After further exploration of the work I had to share. He has a great comic on his site, Sixteen Miles to Merrick, that I am excited to return to shortly. For more from SOMEFIELD visit here and RSS Black Harbor when you get a chance.


text:
"""Queries the CSDMS model repository for C models written by user 'Tucker'."""
from ask_api_examples import make_query

query = '[[Programming language::C]][[Last name::Tucker]]'

def main():
    r = make_query(query, __file__)
    return r

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print main()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Parafia św. Jerzego – rzymskokatolicka parafia znajdująca się w Czerwionce-Leszczynach, w dzielnicy Dębieńsko. Parafia należy do dekanatu Dębieńsko i archidiecezji katowickiej.

Historia
W sprawozdaniu z poboru papieskiej dziesięciny z lat 1335-1342 w archidiakonacie opolskim diecezji wrocławskiej na rzecz Watykanu sporządzonego przez nuncjusza papieskiego Galharda z Cahors wśród 7 parafii archiprezbiteratu w Żorach wymieniona jest parafia w miejscowości Dambin, czyli Dębieńsku. Dębieńsko uiściło 5 skojców zaległości. Została również wymieniona w spisie świętopietrza sporządzonym przez archidiakona opolskiego Mikołaja Wolffa w 1447 r. pośród innych parafii archiprezbiteratu (dekanatu) w Żorach pod nazwą Dambensko.

Kronika parafialna podaje, że pierwszy udokumentowany zapis pochodzi z 1342 r. i dotyczy zadłużenia parafii od 1335 r. To pierwsza data, co do której mamy pewność, że już wtedy istniała parafia. Na jej obszarze znajdowały się Dębieńsko Wielkie, Dębieńsko Stare, Czerwionka, kolonia Ciosek, Czuchów, kolonia "Angelhof", kolonia "Solarnia", kolonia i folwark "Neuhof", Ornontowice, Żabik, Bukowina, Rybówka, Zawada, kolonia "Friedrichsgrube" i wieś Jankowice oraz kolonie "Mariahutte" i "Josephinenhutte". Terytorium to pozostało niezmienione, aż do początków XX w., kiedy to od Dębieńska odłączyły się parafie Ornontowice, Czerwionka, Czuchów oraz Jaśkowice.

Od początku XVII w. parafia należała do dekanatu gliwickiego. W 1738 r. utworzono dekanat wielkodębieński. W 1985 r. Dębieńsko włączono do dekanatu leszczyńskiego, który w 1992 został przemianowany na dekanat dębieński.

W 1800 r. w miejscu rozebranego drewnianego kościoła postawiono murowany, ufundowany przez hrabiego Antoniego Węgierskiego, właściciela wsi i dworu Wielkie Dębieńsko. W 1913 roku ks. proboszcz Jan Salzburg rozbudował kościół do dzisiejszych rozmiarów. Rozbudowany kościół został konsekrowany 5 października 1913 roku przez biskupa sufragana wrocławskiego Augustina.

Przy kościele działają grupy parafialne: Dzieci Maryi, Żywy Różaniec, Oaza Młodzieżowa.

Odpust parafialny: niedziela po 24 kwietnia.

Proboszczowie parafii
 ks. Bernard Durcius
 ks. Paweł Jan Paretius (1642-1678)
 ks. Mateusz Rolnik ((1679-?)
 ks. Andrzej Dawid Kamiński (1717-1728)
 ks. Melchior Woyack (1728-1771)
 ks. Ignacy Kontetschke (1772-?)
 ks. Jan Gawliczek (?-1845)
 ks. Franciszek Walczuch (1846-1882)
 ks. Franciszek Ćwielong (1883-1888)
 ks. Paweł Zielonkowski ((1888-1901)
 ks. Ludwik Winkler (1901-1906)
 ks. Jan Salzburg (1906-1923)
 ks. Teofil Kocurek (1923-1938)
 ks. Konstanty Kubitza (1938-1940)
 ks. Konstanty Niechoj substytut (1940-1955)
 ks. Henryk Rothkegel (1955-1959)
 ks. Jerzy Guttry (1959-1978)
 ks. Emanuel Francus (1978-1984)
 ks. Teofil Grzesica (1984-1989)
 ks. Józef Adamczyk (1989-2003)
 ks. dziekan Roman Kiwadowicz (od 2003)

Przypisy

Bibliografia
 J. Górecki, Siedem wieków parafii dębieńskiej, "Z tej Ziemi. Śląski kalendarz katolicki na rok 2008", Katowice 2007, s. 153-167.

Linki zewnętrzne
 https://web.archive.org/web/20110710102202/http://archiwum.archidiecezja.katowice.pl/de/metrics/parafia/35

 Informacje o parafii na stronie archidiecezji katowickiej

Jerzego
Parafie pod wezwaniem św. Jerzego
Parafie w gminie Czerwionka-Leszczyny


text:
Michael Meloy
Follow Michael
Cedar Vale School
Michael in the News
Michael Meloy candidate for graduation from Emporia State University
Michael Patrick Meloy is one of nearly 1,100 students who are candidates for graduation in three ceremonies at Emporia State University this weekend. Meloy of Cedar Vale, Kansas, will graduate Cum...
Hats off to the more than 500 candidates for December graduation at Emporia State University. Michael Patrick Meloy of Cedar Vale, Kansas, will graduate Dec. 16 Cum Laude with a B.S. in Business de...
Hats off to the more than 1,000 candidates for spring and summer graduation at Emporia State University. Michael Patrick Meloy of Cedar Vale, Kansas, graduated magna cum laude with a B.S. in Busine...
Michael Meloy Receives Emporia State University Scholarship
Michael Meloy of Cedar Vale, Kansas, received the Business, Leadership, and Service Scholarship for the 2016-17academic year at Emporia State University. Over $3.5 million in scholarship funds are ...
Michael Meloy named to School of Business Dean's List at Emporia State University
Michael Meloy, an Emporia State University Accounting major from Cedar Vale Kansas, has been named to the School of Business dean's list. Nearly 500 students were named to dean's lists for the spri...
Michael Meloy Named to Spring 2016 Honor Roll at Emporia State University
Michael Meloy of Cedar Vale, Kansas was among nearly 700 students named to the honor roll in the spring 2016 semester. To qualify for the semester honor roll, students must earn a minimum 3.80 sem...
Michael Meloy Recognized as Beta Alpha Psi Scholar
Michael Meloy of Cedar Vale, Kansas, was recognized April 29 as a scholar at the Beta Alpha Psi spring banquet at Emporia State University. BAP is the international honorary business organization f...
Michael Meloy Honored at State Phi Beta Lambda Conference
Michael Meloy of Cedar Vale, Kansas, competed at the 2016 Kansas Phi Beta Lambda Conference, which was March 4 and 5 at Sterling College. Phi Beta Lambda is the collegiate level of Future Business...
Michael Meloy, an Emporia State University Accounting major from Cedar Vale, Kansas, has been named to the dean's list for the School of Business. Nearly 500 students were named to dean's lists for...
Michael Meloy Named to Fall 2015 Honor Roll at Emporia State University
Michael Meloy of Cedar Vale, Kansas, was among more than 700 students named to the honor roll in the fall 2015 semester. To qualify for the semester honor roll, students must earn a minimum 3.80 s...
Michael Meloy of Cedar Vale, Kansas, received the Mirl Fund Accounting Scholarship, Donald Cox Accounting Scholarship and ESU Hornet, Presidential, Foundation, Transfer Scholarship for the 2015-16 ...
Michael was awarded this badge for 2 achievements. Click on the stories below to view them.


Members of Pip & Jim's contribute to the life of the church in many different ways. The information below relates specifically to financial giving, but there are also lots of other ways to support the work of the church, and our different groups and activities.
How can I contribute financially to the work of Pip & Jim's?
We don't take a collection during services at Pip & Jim's, but there is an offering box in the church where you can place your gift. Cheques can be made payable to "St Philip & St James' Church".
Giving to the Children and family worker fund.
If you are keen to fund mission and outreach then this is an ideal fund for you. We use it fund all the costs around the employment of a worker (currently Richard Read) to lead our outreach to children and families in the community. So that's things like Kidz Klub.
An easy and efficient way to make regular financial contributions is to set up a standing order with your bank. If you would like to do this then use the details above to set up a regular payment electronically or get in touch, and we'll send you a form to complete.


Finally we have the winners for our kaduna@100 competition.Most people that participated were not creative but instead copied and pasted from the Internet and we have almost all of them having the same content.
8)Aisha waziri galadima from kaduna international school and the youngest winner (video).
care for such info much. I was seeking this certain info for a very long time.
At Creative Arts Development, We believe that everyone deserve the same creative resources and opportunity as those in the more affluent part of Kaduna. This is why we strive to put people on the path towards a better future by teaching and showcasing their skills to the world.


text:
namespace BF
{
	namespace Platform
	{
		namespace API
		{
			namespace DirectX
			{
				class BFE_API DXVertexBuffer
				{
					private:
						ID3D11Buffer* buffer;
						ID3D11InputLayout* inputLayout;

						unsigned int offset, stride;

					public:
						DXVertexBuffer();
						~DXVertexBuffer();

						void Create(const void* data, unsigned int size);
						void SetLayout(const DXShader& dxShader, const Graphics::API::VertexBufferLayout& vertexBufferLayout);
						void* Map() const;
						void Unmap() const;
						void Bind() const;

					private:
						DXGI_FORMAT DXVertexBuffer::GetDXDataType(Graphics::API::VertexBufferLayout::DataType dataType);
				};
			}
		}
	}
}