text:
Omero Antonutti (Basiliano, Friuli, 3 d'agost de 1935 - Udine, 5 de novembre de 2019) va ser un actor i doblador italià.

L'actuació més notable d'Antonutti ha estat al film Padre padrone dels germans Taviani. Regularment fa el doblatge de pel·lícules estrangeres a l'italià, i ha sigut l'actor de doblatge de molts films de Christopher Lee. A Espanya, ha treballat amb Víctor Erice a El Sur, i amb Carlos Saura a El Dorado. També va fer el paper de Noè a Gènesis: The Creation and the Flood.

Ha sigut actor de doblatge de Christopher Lee en pel·lícules com Tale of the Mummy, Sleepy Hollow, El Senyor dels Anells: Les dues torres, El Senyor dels Anells: El retorn del rei, Star Wars Episodi III: La venjança dels Sith, Season of the Witch, Ombres tenebroses, i El Hobbit: Un Viatge Inesperat.

Filmografia

Pel·lícules
 Pleasant Nights (1966)
 Processo per direttissima (1974)
 The Sunday Woman (1975)
 Padre padrone (1977)
 Alexander the Great (1980)
 La notte di San Lorenzo (1982)
 Grog (1982)
 El sur (1983)
 Quartetto Basileus (1983)
 Kaos (1984)
 Good Morning, Babilònia (Good Morning, Babylon) (1987)
 El Dorado (1988)
 The Witches' Sabbath (1988)
 Bankomatt (1989)
 Una storia semplice (1991)
 The Fencing Master (1992)
 Farinelli (1994)
 Un eroe borghese (1995)
 The Border (1996)
 Tierra del fuego (2000)
 The Bankers of God: The Calvi Affair (2002)
 Napoleon and Me (2006)
 La noia del llac (2007)
 Miracle at St. Anna (2008)
 Piazza Fontana: The Italian Conspiracy (2012)

Televisió
 The Life of Verdi (1982)
 Genesis: The Creation and the Flood (1994)
 Il Pirata: Marco Pantani (2007)

Referències

Persones de la província d'Udine
Actors de doblatge italians
Morts a Udine
Artistes de Friül-Venècia Júlia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
__version__ = "0.1.0"
__author__ = "Nico Schlömer"
__author_email__ = "nico.schloemer@gmail.com"
__website__ = "https://github.com/nschloe/maelstrom"
__status__ = "Development Status :: 4 - Beta"
__license__ = "License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This super cute Youth sized bucket hat is the perfect way to keep your future Bearcat comfortable and protected from the sun! Throw it on for a day at the park or a game at Nippert!
This Youth sized Under Armour Bearcats hat comes in red or black and is perfect for wearing to a UC sports game!


CrossFit works out your mind as well as your body.
common fears and frustrations by forcing customers to work through their fatigue. Eventually 'sore' and 'tired' become a state of mind that reflect a good workout.


1. Tax Returns (at least one year, if self-employed or commission typically 2 years).
2. W2 forms for the last 2 years.
3. Pay Stubs (the last 2 years with year-to-date earnings).
4. Bank Statements (last 2-4 months).
6. Copy of your Passport, Driver's License, or Photo ID.
7. Credit Reports (from all three agencies is always a good idea, this will also allow you to see if there are discrepancies needing to be addressed long before you submit your mortgage application).
• Lenders require more paperwork from all borrowers.
• Never cross out, white out or alter any information provided on a document.
• Documents usually expire in 60 days, so always have access to the latest versions.
• Borrowers generally must supply bank and investment account statements for the last 30 days. An application for a jumbo loan could trigger a request for up to three months of statements.
• In the past, only self-employed borrowers who went through full underwriting typically were required to present income tax returns. Today, almost everyone is expected to provide a recent tax return, including all the pages and schedules.
• Borrowers also must sign IRS Form 4506-T, which allows the lender to get a transcript of the tax return from the IRS. This practice "has become an industry standard as fraud prevention," says Brad Blackwell, national sales manager at Wells Fargo Home Mortgage.
• Tax returns are usually scrutinized for any non-reimbursed employee business expenses, self-employment business losses and telltale signs of loan fraud, such as reported income that doesn't match an employee's W-2.
• NEVER, but NEVER attempt to amend any prior year's tax returns to show more income. It's not only fraud, but there a definite consequences that make this crime…a definite No-No.
1. Secure a copy of the Uniform Residential Loan Application (form RD 410-4 US.gov) or the Fannie Mae Form (No. 1003). This expedite the process that determines whether you're a good candidate for a loan and how much the mortgage lender will be willing to let you borrow. You can also use these forms to get pre-approved for loan even before you have found the right property you want and allow you to save time by not looking outside your given budget (as well as use the pre-approval letter to negotiate an offer).
You may feel intimidated by the forms if you've never filled one out, but not to worry: your lender and real estate sales agent would be more than willing to walk you through all the types of information you lender will be asking for; and for which you are already prepared to deliver. As well as give you a little insight to the overall process.
Once the loan has been processed and approved you will be able to submit a copy of the approval (or pre-approval for an offer) to buy your home.
If you've never filled out a form like this before, you might feel a little intimidated. But don't worry: You will work with your lender to complete the form. And this simple guide will walk you through all the types of information that you or your lender will need to provide for a mortgage application, so you know what to expect going in.


M. Gonzalez enters play, replacing T. Ståhl.
Goal to Carolina RailHawks, scored by B. Ortiz!
N. Addlery is done for the day. B. Ackley is his replacement.
B. Baladez is done for the day. A. Hassan is his replacement.
Penalty goal scored by B. Ackley!
T. Shipalane is replaced with E. Martínez.
M. Callahan enters play, replacing C. Elizondo.
G. De Mujica enters the game and replaces Paulo Júnior.
The Tampa Bay Rowdies are the recipients of the 2014 North American Soccer League (NASL) Fair Play Award, which is given annually to the team that compiles the best discipline record during the regular season.


Life can be boring but when you create a wonderland of colour around you life can make you smile. Hope these 2 little paintings will make you smile. Acrylic on deep edged canvas. Varnished and sides painted. Ready to hang. Will be sent off with an authenticity certificate.


not the best quality needs to use a lot more paint,but quality lines, needs to be 3 00 constant.
Not used the product yet but looks just what I wanted.
Absolutely brilliant, vibrant colour and covers amazing. Used it to build a Vw rat and it's awesome stuff. Will recommend it to all my friends, and at the price too can't go wrong.
Fast dispatch and good communication.


The three lots are on starting on the corner of Diamond Bar on Borrego Springs Rd. A total of 1.97 acres great view lots. Approximate lot dimension is 330' x 250'. Zoned C-36 General Commercial which includes but is not limited to uses such as: administrative and professional services; agricultural and horticultural sales; small animal veterinary; parking; light equipment repairs; business support services and communication services.


I advise everyone that they should have a Will and Power of Attorney, yes, that advice is self-serving as I am paid to provide those documents, but also because they are important in dealing with your assets and providing for your loved ones.
Wills are important for everyone to have, from singles to the couple that have been married for 50 years, but if you have children or you are a member of a blended family YOU SHOULD ABSOLUTELY speak to someone about a Will.
The reason I advise everyone to get a Power of Attorney is what I call the "Bus Theory". Everyone has heard the story that their grandmother told them to always wear clean underwear because you might be hit by a bus, well in the case that something unexpected might happen to you (bus, stroke, accident, etc.) which makes you unable to handle your own financial affairs someone should be appointed to do so until you can get back on your feet otherwise you will recover to what could potentially be a financial mess. Without the Power of Attorney, if the Bus does catch you not looking both ways, you will have left a family member looking to a lawyer to help them through the much more expensive court process of obtaining a committeeship in order to help you out.
As part of your estate plan, you should also be speaking with financial planners, insurance providers, and other professionals depending on your situation. Along with these other professional, I work to provide you with a complete estate plan.
First thing, unless there is a reason that the Estate needs to be dealt with immediately, upon the passing of a loved one, take the time to grieve.
When you are ready, you can set up a meeting with me and we will go over what is needed in administering your loved one's estate.
Being an Executor or an Administrator is no easy task, nor is it a short one. The process will take month, and in most cases over a year to complete, and will requires knowledge in the areas of tax, accounting, the law, and others depending on the estate.
I will be acting as your guide, providing you with advice on how to obtain a Grant from the Court, how the estate should be distributed, how to protect yourself from liability (from creditors, from the Canada Revenue Agency, from the Beneficiaries of the Estate, etc.) and I will help you find advise from other professionals who can help you in this process, if needed.


text:
james ryan limited (bonavista) proprietor and staff (5)
& o'hara, aidan (2)
casey, george (2)
goldstein, kenneth s. (2)
health sciences library, faculty of medicine, memorial university of newfoundland (2)
knight, margaret bennett (2)
newfoundland medical association (2)
warner, patrick (2)
weir, gail (2)
white, linda, 1950- (2)
image/tiff application/pdf (1453)
image/jpeg (19)
application/pdf (13)
1 photograph : b&w ; 13 x 9 cm (1)
1 photograph : sepia toned ; 10.5 x 6 cm (1)
1 photograph : sepia toned ; 16.5 x 11.5 cm (1)
canadian newspapers -- newfoundland and labrador -- st. john's -- 20th century (824)
canadian newspapers -- newfoundland and labrador -- corner brook (353)
canadian newspapers -- newfoundland and labrador -- corner brook -- 20th century (17)
diaries. (5)
james ryan limited (bonavista). (5)
merchants -- newfoundland and labrador -- bonavista. (5)
ryan, james, 1842-1917. (5)
Number 147, Newsletter - Association of Canadian Map Libraries
Association of Canadian Map Libraries; Association des cartotheques canadiennes; Map collections--Canada--Periodicals; Cartography--Periodicals;
Telephone directory, 1967: Eastern Newfoundland
Newfoundland and Labrador, Eastern--Telephone directories--20th century
The telephone directory for Eastern Newfoundland.
1939, no. 147: Periodical accounts relating to the foreign missions of the Church of the United Brethren
Moravian Church--Missions--20th century--Periodicals; Moravian Church--Missions--History--Periodicals; Moravian Church--Missions--Newfoundland and Labrador--Labrador--20th century--Periodicals; Moravian Church--Missions--Newfoundland and...
The Moravian Church chronicled its worldwide mission work in this publication which ran from 1790-1970. Included are its efforts in Labrador.
barring
bar (v)
The life of Sir Humphrey Gilbert, England's first empire builder
Gilbert, Humphrey, Sir, 1539?-1583; Great Britain--History--Elizabeth, 1558-1603; Newfoundland and Labrador
This book is a biography of Sir Humphrey Gilbert, the pioneer of English colonization. Gilbert landed in St. John's, in 1583, claiming the island for the British and thereby founding the British Empire. Forced to return to England for provisions...
Report of the public schools of Newfoundland under Church of England Boards, for year ended 30th June, 1917
This report contains statistics for Newfoundland public schools within the Church of England's School Board for the year ending June 30th, 1917, as well as a brief review of the work of inspected schools and recommendations for possible...
Anthropometric Observations
Annual Report of the Department of Education, 1983-1984
Education--Newfoundland and Labrador--20th century
The annual reports of the Newfoundland Department of Education.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Martian seasonal CO2 ice in polygonal troughs in southern polar region: Role of the distribution of subsurface H2O ice
Kossacki KJ, Markiewicz WJ,
160(1), 2002, 73-85, 10.1006/icar.2002.6936
The Mars Orbiter Camera onboard the Mars Global Surveyor has obtained several images of polygonal features in the southern polar region. In images taken during the end of the southern spring, when the surrounding surface is free of the seasonal frost, CO2 ice still appears to be present within the polygonal troughs. In Earth's polar regions, polygons such as these are indicative of water ice in the ground below. We analyzed the seasonal evolution of the thermal state and the CO2 content of these features. Our 2-D model includes condensation and sublimation of the CO2 ice, a self consistent treatment of the variations of the thermal properties of the regolith, and the seasonal variations of the local atmospheric pressure which we take from the results of a general circulation model. We find that the residence time of seasonal CO2 ice in troughs depends not only on atmospheric opacity and albedo of the CO2 ice, but also and most significantly on the distribution of water ice in the regolith. Optical properties of the atmosphere and surface CO2 ice can be independently obtained from observations. To date this is not true about the distribution of water ice below the surface. Our analysis quantifies the dependence of the seasonal cycle of the CO2 ice within the troughs on the assumed distribution of the water ice below the surface. We show that presence of water ice in the ground at a depth smaller than the depth of the troughs reduces winter condensation rate of CO2 ice. This is due to higher heat flux conducted from the water ice rich regolith toward the facets of the troughs.


text:
'This time it got the right person' Zika virus leads cops to cocaine baron
HEAD–SHRINKING virus Zika helped put a notorious cocaine baron behind bars.
By Margi Murphy / Published 29th February 2016
R7/IG
BITTEN: Pesky Zika has been a helpful aid in the hunt for notorious Estevao da Silva
Notorious Laio Estevao da Silva, 28, was left weak as a pussycat thanks to the potentially killer virus — allowing police to arrest him without a fight.
Da Silva is believed to run a cocaine emporium employing 300 in one of the poorest slums in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Along with his brother Eduardo, the gangster had a bounty over his head in connection with a catalogue of brutal bank hold-ups and gangland murders.
DRUG EMPIRE: The poverty-stricken slum where Da Silva operated a huge drug business
"This time the mosquito bit the right person"
Police chief Hilton Alonso
He was charged with masterminding a hit-and-run on a police base in the slum last year spraying bullets across a cop car in Breaking Bad style.
He has been on the run since, but it appears that a bite from a mosquito may have caused his downfall.
The kingpin contacted a private doctor to treat him at home after falling ill but none wanted to step foot in the dangerous slum.
KINGPIN: This notorious criminal has been very tranquil since contracting Zika
Desperate, he left for treatment in his girlfriend's home, which is when cops pounced.
Police chief Hilton Alonso said his illness meant he was unable to put up a fight and allowed the cops to arrest him with ease.
He said: "This extremely dangerous individual became ill and had to leave the slum, facilitating the work of the civil police in arresting him without any type of violence or confrontation.
How to protect yourself from the Zika virus
As the Zika virus spreads across the Americas, find out about how to protect yourself from the disease
Pope suggests contraception could be allowed for women facing Zika virus
Pope Francis looks to have suggested that the Roman Catholic Church could soften its ban on contraception for women facing the Zika crisis. On the flight home after his trip to Mexico, he cited the decades-old case of one o
Brazil takes fight against Zika virus to schools
Rio de Janeiro (AFP) - Brazil's military and government ministers visited schools across the country on Friday to raise awareness of prevention of the Zika virus and its vector, the Aedes aegypti mosquito.
"He was clearly not himself and offered no resistance at all.
"He was the general manager of the drugs trade in the Morror da Magueira favela as well as being responsible for all the preparation of cocaine for consumption and sale.
"This time the mosquito bit the right person."
Carnival was under way in Rio on Saturday with millions set to take to the streets for days of rowdy, joyous parades and festivities, bringing the nation to a halt for its annual wild party. Nearly 800,000 Brazilian and foreign tourists joined Rio's six million residents in the celebrations, whose climax comes on Sunday and Monday with extravagant processions led by sexy dancing queens.
AFP/Getty Images
Revelers of the Vai-Vai samba school perform during the second night of carnival parade
Following his arrest Silva was sent Rio's high-security Bangu prison, where he is receiving medical attention for the virus.
Zika – which has spread to 30 countries including the UK – has been linked to brain damage and paralysis.
The World Health Organisation – which has declared a global emergency and called for a £39million fund to fight the epidemic – has warned there could be 4 million cases worldwide at the moment.
El Chapo's motel sex room becomes Mexico's newest tourist trap
El Floppo: Drug lord Joaquin Guzman 'had penis enhancement' while on the run
Jamaican officials release the best anti-Zika video ever


Ahhh, the internet. Where wackos can bully whomever they please behind the security of a computer screen. This survey finds that 40% of internet users have experienced some form of harassment, from name calling to more threatening behavior.
Where'd You Get Your News Yesterday?
How Much Do You Trust the Internet?


A sense of unease is palpable in the cluster of lanes and around houses in Worli village. The village is nestled at one end of Worli Sea Face that overlooks the Bandra-Worli Sea Link (BWSL). A recent Slum Rehabilitation Authority (SRA) notice that seeks to declare 22 plots in Worli Koliwada as a slum has sent shockwaves across the village.
Residents are bristling at the thought of their village which was part of the original city being called a slum. Resident Shashikanth Parkar (73) has records of all the strife these Worli villagers have had with various authorities to save their land.
It is obvious that the residents are worried that the SRA means not just tangible changes, but will have impact on their way of life, too. Loretta Couthinho, resident, says her son's forthcoming marriage would not be the same, if gaothan life is disturbed.
"Be it a calamity or a joyous occasion we have stood as one. In the 60 odd years that I have been living in Worli village, I have never seen any clash. Now that our homes — our bungalows are being considered a slum, we are rising together to fight for our rights," says Chintaman Koli.
Residents claim they have records of taxes being paid to the government since British and even Portuguese times. Samir Netto, who has been at the forefront of the fight against SRA, and has managed to get more than 180 signatures on a opposition letter they have sent to the SRA, thinks calling their houses a slum is an insult.
Walking through the gaothan, feeling the gentle sea breeze on one's face, and actually getting a slice of life of the residents, was an eye-opener. Though not openly stated one could sense that they were hurting at not even being factored into what could be the most seminal decision of their lives.
"Builders have been targeting the area for sometime. But the government allowing them the right to do so is worse. The community is coming together and fighting for rights, culture, homes and saving the village for generations ahead. I want my son to enjoy the same things that I have in the gaothan — a sense of community, family, open space and living in a prime area in a house that we own," says Sachin Kinny.
The residents handed over an objection letter to the SRA plan, yesterday. The letter states that their land cards have been obtained without their consent. They also allege that no tender was floated.
As we exit the charming little nook, the sun is setting and the sky is streaked with red and gold. Worli gaothan residents are readying to sit out in the open, or relax in the verandahs, winding down with friends and family. The frantic pace of life seems to drop off, and we understand if this gaothan succumbs to the SRA so will their way of life.
>> On October 3, 2015 residents received a notice from the Maharashtra SRA informing them of an application to declare the Worli village area a slum area, the precursor to setting up a slum rehabilitation project. Residents were asked to send their objections.
-Gaothan is portion of the land of the village which is ordinarily used for settlement.
-A gaothan is also called a village site - a land included within the site of a village, town or city as determined by section 122 of MLR (Maharashtra Land Revenue) Code.
-The code states: It shall be lawful for the Collector or for a survey officer acting under the general or special orders of the State Government, to ascertain and determine what lands are included within the site of any village, town or city and to fix and from time to time, to vary the limits of the site determined as aforesaid, regard being had to all subsisting rights of landholders.


text:
Q: php login system remember me style i wrote this code to start session in secure way
function sessionStart() {
    $session_name = 'sec_session_id'; // Set a custom session name
    $secure = false; // Set to true if using https.
    $httponly = true; // This stops javascript being able to access the session id.

    ini_set('session.use_only_cookies', 1); // Forces sessions to only use cookies.
    $cookieParams = session_get_cookie_params(); // Gets current cookies params.
    session_set_cookie_params($cookieParams["lifetime"], $cookieParams["path"], $cookieParams["domain"], $secure, $httponly);
    session_name($session_name); // Sets the session name to the one set above.
    session_start(); // Start the php session
    session_regenerate_id(true); // regenerated the session, delete the old one.
}

now i have a question if we have this session_regenrate_id then our session id will change when this will execute in each page??if i regenerate id for session how should i use cookie for user who wanted to be logged in for 1 month for example?
is this secure to increase $cookieParams["lifetime"] to 1 month for example?if no how should i achieve this for 1 month? i use ssl then i think my cookies are safe.
Update
another way that i go is storing session in database.
      <?php
    /**
     * PDO Session Handler
     * @author Daniel15 <dan.cx>
     *
     * This class is actually static, but since PHP doesn't support static classes, abstract is close
     * enough. You do not instantiate the class; you just call the static "init" method.
     */
    abstract class PDOSession
    {
            private static $db;
            private static $oldData;
            /**
             * Initialise the PDO session handler
             * @param PDO PDO instance to use for database
             */
            public static function init(PDO $db)
            {
                    self::$db = $db;
                    // Add the session handlers
                    session_set_save_handler('PDOSession::open', 'PDOSession::close',
                                             'PDOSession::read', 'PDOSession::write',
                                             'PDOSession::destroy', 'PDOSession::garbageCollect');
                    session_start();
            }

            /**
             * Session open handler
             * @param string Path to save session to
             * @param string Name of the session
             */
            public static function open($save_path, $session_name)
            {
                    // Nothing
                    return true;
            }

            /**
             * Session close handler
             */
            public static function close()
            {
                    // Nothing
                    return true;
            }

            /**
             * Session load handler. Load the session
             * @param string Session ID
             */
            public static function read($session_id)
            {
                    // Load the session data from the database
                    $query = self::$db->prepare('
                            SELECT data
                            FROM sessions
                            WHERE session_id = :session_id');
                    $query->execute(array(':session_id' => $session_id));

                    return $query->fetchColumn();
            }

            /**
             * Session save handler. Save the session
             * @param string Session ID
             * @param string Data to save to session
             */
            public static function write($session_id, $data)
            {
                    /* Try to update the existing session. If we can't find one, then create a new one. If you
                     * are using MySQL, this can be done in a single INSERT statment via INSERT ... ON
                     * DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE. Remove the UPDATE and edit the INSERT to do it this way.
                     * See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/insert-on-duplicate.html
                     *
                     * This does two queries so you can use any DBMS.
                     */

                    $query = self::$db->prepare('
                            UPDATE sessions
                            SET data = :data, last_activity = :last_activity
                            WHERE session_id = :session_id');
                    $query->execute(array(
                            ':session_id' => $session_id,
                            ':data' => $data,
                            'last_activity' => time()));

                    // No session to update? Create a new one
                    if ($query->rowCount() == 0)
                    {
                            self::$db
                                    ->prepare('
                                            INSERT INTO sessions
                                                    (session_id, data, last_activity)
                                            VALUES
                                                    (:session_id, :data, :last_activity)')
                                    ->execute(array(
                                            ':session_id' => $session_id,
                                            ':data' => $data,
                                            'last_activity' => time())
                                    );
                    }
            }

            /**
             * Session delete handler. Delete the session from the database
             * @param string Session ID
             */
            public static function destroy($session_id)
            {
                    self::$db
                            ->prepare('
                                    DELETE FROM sessions
                                    WHERE session_id = :session_id')
                            ->execute(array(':session_id' => $session_id));
            }

            /**
             * Session garbage collector. Delete any old expired sessions
             * @param int How many seconds do sessions last for?
             */
            public static function garbageCollect($lifetime)
            {
                    self::$db
                            ->prepare('
                                    DELETE FROM sessions
                                    WHERE last_activity < :min_time')
                            ->execute(array(':min_time' => time() - $lifetime));
            }
    }
?>

now for this how should i create cookies in this situation?

A: You need to use cookies...
Now we need to make this checkbox do something. Namely, when checked, remember the users username and place it in the username field on each of their corresponding visits to the login page. To do so, I decided to use cookies. I couldn't use the "ID_my_site" username cookie that I set above, as this was being killed each time the user logged out. The solution was to create an additional cookie named "remember" which also stored the username, like so:
$year = time() + 31536000;
setcookie('remember_me', $_POST['username'], $year);

Above we have added this additional cookie, lasting for a year, so that when a user logs in it creates an additional cookie that holds the users username. However, at the moment, it is not being used. Changing:
<input type="text" name="username" maxlength="40">

to:
<input type="text" name="username" maxlength="40" value="<?php
echo $_COOKIE['remember_me']; ?>">

in our login form will now store this username into the text field for future visits:
We are not finished yet though. Currently, the code is storing this information for every user. We want it to remember only those users who specifically request this functionality. To do this, we run a simple check before we create the additional cookie. This check looks to see if the remember me checkbox has been checked, and only creates our new cookie if it has. Like so:
if($_POST['remember']) {
setcookie('remember_me', $_POST['username'], $year);
}
elseif(!$_POST['remember']) {
    if(isset($_COOKIE['remember_me'])) {
        $past = time() - 100;
        setcookie(remember_me, gone, $past);
    }
}

The above code also handles the scenario where a cookie is present, but the user has identified that they no longer want to be remembered, by setting any existing cookies to a time in the past, essentially killing them.
Read more here...

A: Going into detail of how this works will take more time than I have to write it all. But I should be able to give you a high level summary of how this works.
PHP sessions are time-limited. They will get cleaned up after a period of time. You can extend that time in the PHP config, but not long enough to be effective.
So what needs to be done is the creation of an alternative login route. This has to be implemented carefully, as doing this carelessly can open up security loopholes.
The concept can be summarized as creating a one time use, unique, cookie that is associated with a user and can be used as an alternative to a username and password.
This cookie should be unique, generated with random data, and stored in association with the user. It should be time limited (it will expire if not used in a week or two) and regenerated once its used.
Changing user data like email/password should require the users password.
Site should use SSL to make cookie interception much more difficult.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Lipka Tatars (also known as Lithuanian Tatars, Polish Tatars, Lipkowie, Lipcani or Muślimi) are a group of Tatars who originally settled in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the beginning of the 14th century. The first settlers tried to preserve their shamanistic religion and sought asylum amongst the non-Christian Lithuanians. Towards the end of the 14th century, another wave of Tatars – this time, Muslims, were invited into the Grand Duchy by Vytautas the Great. These Tatars first settled in Lithuania proper around Vilnius, Trakai, Hrodna and Kaunas  and later spread to other parts of the Grand Duchy that later became part of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. These areas comprise present-day Lithuania, Belarus and Poland. From the very beginning of their settlement in Lithuania they were known as the Lipka Tatars. While maintaining their religion, they united their fate with that of the mainly Christian Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. From the Battle of Grunwald onwards the Lipka Tatar light cavalry regiments participated in every significant military campaign of Lithuania and Poland.
The Lipka Tatar origins can be traced back to the descendant states of the Mongol Empire of Genghis Khan – the White Horde, the Golden Horde, the Crimean Khanate and Kazan Khanate. They initially served as a noble military caste but later they became urban-dwellers known for their crafts, horses and gardening skills. Throughout centuries they resisted assimilation and kept their traditional lifestyle. While they remained very attached to their religion, over time however, they lost their original Tatar language, from the Kipchak languages group of the Turkic languages, and for the most part adopted Belarusian, Lithuanian and Polish. There are still small groups of Lipka Tatars living in today's Belarus, Lithuania and Poland, as well as their communities in United States.
The name Lipka is derived from the old Crimean Tatar name of Lithuania. The record of the name Lipka in Oriental sources permits us to infer an original Libķa/Lipķa, from which the Polish derivative Lipka was formed, with possible contamination from contact with the Polish lipka "small lime-tree"; this etymology was suggested by the Tatar author S. Tuhan-Baranowski. A less frequent Polish form, Łubka, is corroborated in Łubka/Łupka, the Crimean Tatar name of the Lipkas up to the end of the 19th century. The Crimean Tatar term Lipka Tatarłar meaning Lithuanian Tatars, later started to be used by the Polish–Lithuanian Tatars to describe themselves.
In religion and culture the Lipka Tatars differed nominally from most other Islamic communities in respect of the treatment of their women, who always enjoyed a large degree of freedom, even during the years when the Lipkas were in the service of the Ottoman Empire. Co-education of male and female children was the norm, and Lipka women did not wear the veil – except at the marriage ceremony. While traditionally Islamic, the customs and religious practices of the Lipka Tatars also accommodated many Christian elements adopted during their 600 years residence in Belarus, Poland, Ukraine and Lithuania while still maintaining the traditions and superstitions from their nomadic Mongol past.
Over time, the lower and middle Lipka Tatar nobles adopted the Ruthenian language then later the Belarusian language as their native language. However, they used the Arabic alphabet to write in Belarusian until the 1930s. The upper nobility of Lipka Tatars spoke Polish.
Diplomatic correspondence between the Crimean Khanate and Poland from the early 16th century refers to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth as the "land of the Poles and the Lipkas". By the 17th century the term Lipka Tatar began to appear in the official documents of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
The migration of Tatars into the lands of Lithuania and Poland from Golden Horde began during the 14th century and lasted until the end of the 17th. There was a subsequent wave of Tatar immigrants from Russia after the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917, although these consisted mostly of political and national activists.
According to some estimates, by 1590–1591 there were about 200,000  Lipka Tatars living in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and about 400 mosques serving them. According to the Risāle-yi Tatar-i Leh (trans: Message Concerning the Tatars of Poland, an account of the Lipka Tatars written for Süleyman the Magnificent by an anonymous Polish Muslim during a stay in Constantinople in 1557–1558 on his way to Mecca) there were 100 Lipka Tatar settlements with mosques in Poland. The largest communities existed in the cities of Lida, Navahradak and Iwye. There was a Lipka Tatar settlement in Minsk, today's capital of Belarus, known as Tatarskaya Slabada.
In the year 1672, the Tatar subjects rose up in open rebellion against the Commonwealth. This was the widely remembered Lipka Rebellion. Thanks to the efforts of King Jan III Sobieski, who was held in great esteem by the Tatar soldiers, many of the Lipkas seeking asylum and service in the Turkish army returned to his command and participated in the struggles with the Ottoman Empire up to the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699, including the Battle of Vienna (1683) that was to turn the tide of Islamic expansion into Europe and mark the beginning of the end for the Ottoman Empire.
Beginning in the late 18th and throughout the 19th century the Lipkas became successively more and more Polonized. The upper and middle classes in particular adopted Polish language and customs (although they nominally kept Islam as their religion), while the lower ranks became Ruthenized. At the same time, the Tatars held the Lithuanian Grand Duke Vytautas (Wattad in Tatar, or "defender of Muslims in non Muslim lands"), who encouraged and supported their settlement during the 15th century, in great esteem, including him in many legends, prayers and their folklore. Throughout the 20th and since the 21st centuries, most Tatars no longer view religious identity as being as important as it once was, and the religious and linguistic subgroups have intermingled considerably; for example, the Tatar women in Poland do not practice and view vieling (wearing headscarf/hijab) as a mandatory religious obligation, but rather an influence of an Arabic culture on an Islamic customs. Many Polish Tatars, especially and mainly the youth, also drink alcohol.
1226: The Khanate of the White Horde was established as one of the successor states to the Mongol Empire of Genghis Khan. The first Khan, Orda was the second son of Jochi, the eldest son of Genghis Khan. The White Horde occupied the southern Siberian steppe from the east of the Urals and the Caspian Sea to Mongolia.
1380: Khan Tokhtamysh, the hereditary ruler of the White Horde, crossed west over the Urals and merged the White Horde with the Golden Horde whose first khan was Batu, the eldest son of Jochi. In 1382 the White and Golden Hordes sacked and burned Moscow. Tokhtamysh, allied with the great central Asian Tatar conqueror Tamerlane, reasserted Mongol power in Russia.
1397: After a series of disastrous military campaigns against his former protector, the great Tatar warlord Tamerlane, Tokhtamysh and the remnants of his clan were granted asylum and given estates and noble status in Grand Duchy of Lithuania by Vytautas the Great. The settlement of the Lipka Tatars in Lithuania in 1397 is recorded in the Chronicles of Jan Długosz.
1397: The Italian city state of Genoa funded a joint expedition by the forces of Khan Tokhtamysz and Grand Duke Vytautas against Tamerlane. This campaign was notable for the fact that the Lipka Tatars and Lithuanian armies were armed with handguns, but no major victories were achieved.
15 July 1410: The Battle of Grunwald took place between the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania on one side (c. 39,000 troops), and the Teutonic Knights on the other (c. 27,000 troops). The Teutonic knights were defeated and never recovered their former influence. After the battle, rumours spread across Europe that the Germans had only been defeated thanks to the aid of tens of thousands of heathen Tatars, though it is likely there were no more than 1,000 Tatar horse archers at the battle, the core being the entourage of Jalal ad-Din, son of Khan Tokhtamysh. At the start of the battle, Jalal ad-Din led the Lipka Tatar and Lithuanian light cavalry on a suicide charge against the Teutonic Knights' artillery positions – the original "Charge of the Light Brigade". The Teutonic Knights' Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen responded by ordering his own heavy cavalry to pursue the Lipkas away from the field of battle, trampling through their own infantry in the process. The resulting destruction of the Teutonic Knights' line of battle was a major factor in their subsequent defeat. This incident forms one of the highlights of Aleksander Ford's 1960 film Krzyżacy (Knights of the Teutonic Order), based on the historical novel of the same name by Nobel laureate Henryk Sienkiewicz.
1528: The Polish (szlachta) and Lithuanian nobility's legal right to retribution on the grounds of the wounding or killing of a nobleman or a member of his family is extended to the Lipka Tatars.
1569: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth is founded at the Union of Lublin. Companies of Lipka Tatar light cavalry for a long time constituted one of the foundations of the military power of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Lithuanian Tatars, from the very beginning of their residence in Lithuania were known as the Lipkas. They united their fate with that of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. From the Battle of Grunwald onwards they participated in every significant military campaign.
1591: The rule of the fervent Catholic Sigismund III (1587–1632) and the Counter-Reformation movement brought a number of restrictions to the liberties granted to non-Catholics in Poland, the Lipkas amongst others. This led to a diplomatic intervention by Sultan Murad III with the Polish king in 1591 on the question of freedom of religious observance for the Lipkas. This was undertaken at the request of Polish Muslims who had accompanied the Polish King's envoy to Istanbul.
1672: The Lipka Rebellion. As a reaction to restrictions on their religious freedoms and the erosion of their ancient rights and privileges, the Lipka Tatar regiments stationed in the Podolia region of south-east Poland abandoned the Commonwealth at the start of the late 17th century Polish–Ottoman Wars that were to last to end of the 17th century with the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699. The Lipka Rebellion forms the background to the novel Pan Wolodyjowski, the final volume of the historical Trylogia of Henryk Sienkiewicz, the Nobel Prize winning author (1905) who was himself descended from Christianised Lipka Tatars. The 1969 film of Pan Wolodyjowski, directed by Jerzy Hoffman and starring Daniel Olbrychski as Azja Tuhaj-bejowicz, still remains among the biggest box-office success in the history of Polish cinema.
1674: After the famous Polish victory at Chocim, the Lipka Tatars who held the Podolia for Turkey from the stronghold of Bar were besieged by the armies of Jan Sobieski, and a deal was struck that the Lipkas would return to the Polish side subject to their ancient rights and privileges being restored.
1676: The Treaty of Zurawno that brought a temporary end to the Polish–Ottoman wars stipulated that the Lipka Tatars were to be given a free individual choice of whether they wanted to serve the Ottoman Empire or the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
1677: The Sejm in March 1677 confirmed all the ancient Tatar rights and privileges. The Lipka Tatars were permitted to rebuild all their old mosques, to settle Christian labour on their estates and to buy up noble estates that had not previously belonged to Tatars. The Lipka Tatars were also freed from all taxation.
1679: As a reward for their return to the Commonwealth the Lipka Tatars were settled by King Jan Sobieski on Crown Estates in the provinces of Brest, Kobryn and Hrodna. The Tatars received land that had been cleared of the previous occupants, from 0.5 to 7.5 square kilometres per head, according to rank and length of service.
1683: Many of the Lipka Tatar rebels who returned to the service of the Commonwealth in 1674 were later to take part in the Vienna Campaign of 1683. This included the 60 Polish Tatars in the light cavalry company of Samuel Mirza Krzeczowski, who was later to save the life of King Jan III Sobieski during the disastrous first day of the Battle of Parkany, a few weeks after the great victory of the Battle of Vienna that was to turn the tide of Islamic expansion into Europe and mark the beginning of the end for the Ottoman Empire. The Lipka Tatars who fought on the Polish side at the Battle of Vienna, on 12 September 1683, wore a sprig of straw in their helmets to distinguish themselves from the Tatars fighting under Kara Mustafa on the Turkish side. Lipkas visiting Vienna traditionally wear straw hats to commemorate their ancestors' participation in the breaking of the Siege of Vienna.
1699: Some of the Kamieniec-based Lipka Tatars who had remained loyal to the Turkish Sultan were settled in Bessarabia along the borderlands between the Ottoman Empire and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth as well as in the environs of Chocim and Kamieniec-Podolski and in the town known as Lipkany. A further large scale emigration of Lipkas to Ottoman controlled lands took place early in the 18th century, after the victory won by King Augustus II over the Polish-born King Stanisław Leszczyński, whom the Lipkas had supported in his war against the Saxon King.
1775: The Polish Lipkas came back into favour during the reign of the last King, Stanislas Augustus (1765–95). In 1775 the Sejm reaffirmed the noble status of the Polish Lithuanian Tatars. After the Partitions of Poland, the Lipkas played their part in the various national uprisings, and also served alongside the Poles in the Napoleonic army.
1919: The Polish Lipkas joined the newly created Polish Army formations; Pułk Jazdy Tatarskiej and later, 13th Regiment of Wilno Uhlans.
1939: With the re-emergence of the Polish state after the First World War, a Polish Tatar regiment was re-established in the Polish Army which was distinguished by its own uniforms and banners. After the fall of Poland in 1939, the Polish Tatars in the Wilno (Vilnius) based 13th Cavalry Regiment were one of the last Polish Army units recorded carrying on the fight against the German aggressors while led by Major Aleksander Jeljaszewicz.
Today there are about 10,000–15,000 Lipka Tatars in the former areas of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The majority of descendants of Tatar families in Poland can trace their descent from the nobles of the early Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Lipka Tatars had settlements in north-east Poland, Belarus, Lithuania, south-east Latvia and Ukraine. Today most reside in Poland, Lithuania, and Belarus. Most of the Lipka Tatars (80%) assimilated into the ranks of the nobility in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth while some lower noble Tatars assimilated to the Belarusian, Polish, Ukrainian and Lithuanian townsfolk and peasant populations.
A number of the Polish Tatars emigrated to the US at the beginning of the 20th century and settled mostly in the north eastern states, although there is also an enclave in Florida. A small but active community of Lipka Tatars exists in New York City. "The Islamic Center of Polish Tatars" was built in 1928 in Brooklyn, New York City, and functioned until recently.
After the annexation of eastern Poland into the Soviet Union following World War II, Poland was left with only 2 Tatar villages, Bohoniki and Kruszyniany. A significant number of the Tatars in the territories annexed to the USSR repatriated to Poland and clustered in cities such as Gdańsk, Białystok, Warsaw and Gorzów Wielkopolski totaling some 3,000 people. One of the neighborhoods of Gorzów Wielkopolski where relocated Tatar families resettled has come to be referred to as "the Tatar Hills", or in Polish "Górki Tatarskie".
In 1925 the Muslim Religion Association (Polish: Muzułmański Związek Religijny) was formed in Białystok, Poland. In 1992, the Organization of Tatars of the Polish Republic (Polish: Związek Tatarów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej) with autonomous branches in Białystok and Gdańsk, began operating.
In Poland, the 2011 census showed 1,916 people declaring Tatar ethnicity.
In November 2010, a monument to Poland's Tatar populace was unveiled in the port city of Gdańsk at a ceremony attended by President Bronislaw Komorowski, as well as Tatar representatives from across Poland and abroad. The monument is a symbol of the important role of Tatars in Polish history. "Tatars shed their blood in all national independence uprisings. Their blood seeped into the foundations of the reborn Polish Republic," President Komorowski said at the unveiling. The monument is the first of its kind to be erected in Europe.
↑ "Перепись-2009". Retrieved 31 May 2017.
↑ "M3010215: Population at the beginning of the year by ethnicity". Data of 2011 Population Census. Lietuvos statistikos departamentas. Archived from the original on 1 January 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
↑ "Eastern Europe and migrants: The mosques of Lithuania". The Economist. 14 September 2015. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
1 2 "Ludność. Stan i struktura demograficzno-społeczna - NSP 2011" (PDF) (in Polish).
1 2 (in Lithuanian) Lietuvos totoriai ir jų šventoji knyga - Koranas Archived 29 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
1 2 3 4 Selim Mirza-Juszeński Chazbijewicz, "Szlachta tatarska w Rzeczypospolitej" (Tartar Nobility in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth), Verbum Nobile no 2 (1993), Sopot, Poland, "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 5 January 2006. Retrieved 2006-02-23.
↑ Olson, James (1994). An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires. p. 450. ISBN 0-313-27497-5.
↑ Tarlo, Emma; Moors, Annelies (15 August 2013). "Islamic Fashion and Anti-Fashion: New Perspectives from Europe and North America". A&C Black. Retrieved 31 May 2017 – via Google Books.
↑ Por. S. Dziadulewicz, Herbarz rodzin tatarskich, Wilno 1929, s. 365.


text:
33 MXS officer exchanges with CVN 72
Air Force 1st Lieutenant Sean Duval, 33rd Maintenance Squadron maintenance operations officer, stands in front of an F-35A Lightning II March 19, 2018, on the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72). Duval took part in a maintenance officer exchange to learn about the differences and similarities between Air Force and Navy F-35 operations. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Peter Thompson)
Air Force 1st Lieutenant Sean Duval, 33rd Maintenance Squadron maintenance operations officer, stands near the bow catapults as an F-35C Lightning II assigned to Strike Fighter Squadron (VFA) 101 is launched March 19, 2018, on the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72). Duval plans to use what he learned during his maintenance officer exchange to help improve his unit back at Eglin Air Force Base, Fla. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Peter Thompson)
Air Force 1st Lieutenant Sean Duval, 33rd Maintenance Squadron maintenance operations officer, right, stands near the bow catapults during flight deck operations March 19, 2018, on the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72). Duval participated in a maintenance officer exchange with a member of Strike Fighter Squadron (VFA) 101. The exchange gave Duval useful insight into Navy maintenance operations and helped him connect to his family's history in the Navy. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Peter Thompson)
Air Force officer integrates with carrier operations
By 2nd Lt. Savannah Stephens
33rd Fighter Wing
ATLANTIC OCEAN (AFNS) -- Air Force 1st Lt. Sean Duval, 33rd Maintenance Squadron maintenance operations officer, participated in a maintenance officer exchange program March 16-22, 2018 aboard the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72).
During the exchange, Duval filled a dual-hatted role. He split his time between shadowing the ship's aircraft intermediate maintenance department and Strike Fighter Squadron (VFA) 101's maintenance sailors, who were learning flight operations on the flight deck.
Experiencing flight operations on the flight deck was very different than what Duval is used to on the flight line at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida.
"Getting out on the flight deck, watching jets launch and land was pretty awesome," Duval said. "It's like nothing I've ever seen before."
Duval spent his time learning about how the Navy executes aircraft maintenance while at sea and understanding the difference in shop dynamics.
"Back home, the maintenance officers are really involved in the day-to-day missions of maintenance, it's very structured," Duval said. "Here on the ship, it seems to be more of the enlisted briefing and keeping the mission running. It's really neat seeing how things work differently."
This is the first time a maintenance officer from 33rd MXS has come aboard the USS Abraham Lincoln.
Duval toured numerous parts of the ship, participated in operational exercises and volunteered to be a medical casualty during a general quarters drill.
GQ is a ship-wide simulation of actual emergency situations. It helps prepare the sailors for real world scenarios that a ship can encounter at sea. They practice everything from first-aid, to damage control, to defensive maneuvers.
"I was watching the sailors work a first-aid station, and they needed a volunteer," Duval said. "Little did I know that within just a few minutes, I would be strapped to a stretcher and taken down to the ship hospital for the rest of GQ. It was pretty unique to be right in the middle of what the sailors do every day."
Duval is thankful for the opportunity he was given to experience life as a sailor, and is excited to take what he learned back home.
"I'm an airplane guy; I love airplanes," Duval said. "I had the opportunity to shoot off a jet, and that was pretty awesome. I was able to follow around someone clearing the jet for takeoff, being just aft of the jet. It shakes you, which is an indescribable feeling."
Duval also saw this as an opportunity to reconnect with his family's history of naval service.
"I come from a family of Navy folks, so during my sit down with my new commander, I asked him if I could get on an aircraft carrier," Duval said. "It's something I've always wanted to do, and he immediately told me yes."
During the seven days aboard, VFA-101 finished carrier qualifications for six of their pilots. Maintenance was an integral part in making sure the pilots were able to accomplish their mission.
Duval played a small part in carrier operations, but it's something he'll remember for the rest of his life.
"A new perspective is always good," Duval said. "This exchange has helped me see things that could be added or removed from how we do things at home. Getting perspectives from other services gives you a new way of thinking instead of being 'business as usual' all the time. This has been a once in a lifetime experience."
training maintenance officer AETC operations Air Education and Training Command Navy exchange 33rd Maintenance Squadron USS Abraham Lincoln aircraft carrier


text:
Spotify may cut 'freemium' to three months, sources say
Friday, May 15, 2015 12:58 pm Friday, May 15, 2015 6 Comments
"Spotify may soon be limiting its free, ad-supported access to just three months, instead of its open-ended, unlimited freemium access plan currently, according to multiple sources," Paul Resnikoff reports for Digital Music News.
"The three-month 'proposal,' advanced most principally by major labels Universal Music Group and Sony Music Entertainment, would allow current, free-access, ad-supported (or 'freemium') subscribers to continue their plans for 6 months, while new users would be limited to three months only," Resnikoff reports. "Spotify is apparently disinterested in curtailing freemium at all, and has advanced the idea that its freemium-to-premium migration path is working. But at 'just' 15 million paying subscribers, major label decision-makers remain less-than-swayed, and Spotify's power in the negotiations has its limitations."
"The three-month plan would also allow a number of artists and labels to extend past three months, if they so choose," Resnikoff reports. "Those artists would be grouped into 'emerging' or 'up-and-coming' playlists, similar to an idea being drafted at Apple for its upcoming streaming service (now simply called 'Apple Music')."
MacDailyNews Take: 😉
Apple pushing music labels to kill free Spotify streaming ahead of 'iTunes Music' launch – May 4, 2015
Apple's new streaming music service to offer free song sampling, free trial, other free features – May 8, 2015
Apple still plans WWDC debut for new 'iTunes Music' subscription service – May 5, 2015
Apple lacks key music deals ahead of 'iTunes Music' subscription service launch, sources say – May 5, 2015
U.S. feds weigh investigation of Apple's forthcoming 'iTunes Music' streaming service – April 7, 2015
EU regulators already probing Apple's music streaming plans in Europe – April 2, 2015
Apple's 'iTunes Music' streaming service to cost $9.99/month, no free tier; iTunes Radio to get makeover – March 26, 2015
With iTunes Music, Apple wants to help music labels roll back the tide of free digital music – March 6, 2015
Friday, May 15, 2015 at 1:59 pm
Annnnnd….
I done with Spotify, in that case. Frankly I have been using iTunes Radio, for discovery purposes. I was forming a comprehensive library in Spotify, but if it's only good for three months, and if I have to pay for it later, I am wasting my time. I will then put my money with Apple.
I know I'm in the minority and I know I'll get a lot of hate…
I love free Pandora and Spotify! It has introduced me to so much new music I never would have discovered without them. As a result I have purchased ±50 CDs (yes I still buy CDs – got to have a hard copy) over the last 5 years that I would not have otherwise.
I'm not suggesting artists should give their work away. But at $10/month…I'd rather have a new CD every month.
I don't want to rent music – unlimited at that.
And so…I won't.
Radio is free. Enjoy
Probably with Spotify and YouTube is that is it is a total hijacking of the music. You can listen to an entire album over and over again without ever being required to buy it. Pandora, RIDO, iTunes Radio are not the same. They are RANDOM, like radio, hence a more true discovery system of finding new music.
This is actually a good thing that Spotify will lose their free option. Now they need to find a way to stop YouTube for giving it away without subscription too, since YouTube is the number 1 offender of giving it away for free.
We are not a nation of SLAVES. We need to understand value in what people create. And if their art touches you, than they should be rewarded for their efforts. Simple. We are not a communist state.
***CORRECTION to ABOVE statement**** Problem with Spotify and YouTube…. Sorry for the typo.
yourmombluray
We the People…. need to start paying for music again.
Tags: ad-supported music, antitrust, Apple, Beats Music, Department of Justice, Eddy Cue, Federal Trade Commission, FTC, iTunes Music, iTunes radio, Jimmy Iovine, music, music labels, music streaming, music subscriptions, Spotify, U.S. DOJ, WWDC 2015


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Climate & Seasons Currency & Payments Drinking & smoking New Page Social Customs Travelling to Japan Useful links Visiting Oita
Yunohira Onsen
Beppu & Yufuin
A visit to Yunohira Onsen is a step back into an older time. Hidden in the mountains outside Yufuin on an mountainside beside the tumbling Kagono-gawa river, this tiny, atmospheric village is a far cry from the modern, high-tech image of Japan. Lined along its steep and winding, cobbled lane are many traditional inns that have their origins during the feudal, late Edo Period (1603-1868) when only the influential and affluent members of society were able to visit.
Yunohira's history stretches back over 800 years and its distinctive main street was built by local villagers 300 years ago. Since then, Yunohira's sole raison d'etre has been to provide a sanctuary for those looking for the healing properties of its onsen waters and others who just want to relax into an uncomplicated style of life. There is not much else here but its single street, venerable accommodation, the sound of the cascading nearby river and the bucolic, surrounding countryside. Visitors dressed in kimono strolling the street with umbrella in hand and their geta clogs clacking off the stone pavement, only add to the feeling that time has stood still here for some while. So authentic is Yunohira that it is often used as a backdrop to film and TV productions.
Staying overnight is the way to make the most of Yunohira's atmosphere, hospitality and onsen waters, which are known not only for the medicinal benefits of bathing in but also by imbibing. Its 21 inns range from the sumptuous Takasho to the more budget minded such as Hakuunsou and Daikichi. The host and hostess at Yamashiro have made a name for themselves and their inn, finding particular acclaim amongst foreign visitors. For those not staying the night, Yunohira has plenty of public baths, which are mostly found aside the main street but some also by the river.
Yunohira has few shops but Ishidatami-ya sells delicious home-made ice cream in multiple citrus flavours, and the Ureshino restaurant specialises in locally caught freshwater fish, crab and shrimp dishes including eel and carp. A small museum is dedicated to Santoka Taneda (1882-1940), an indifferent mendicant Zen priest, heavy drinker and itinerant haiku poet, who stayed in Yunohira on one of his penniless journeys through Japan.
The Rugby World Cup comes to Japan in 2019, the first time in the history of the sport that the...
The Bathing experience - Etiquette in the bath!
The Onsen ExperienceOnsen are enjoyed for their therapeutic, relaxing qualities and are one of...
Beppu Hatto Onsen Festival
The Hatto Onsen Festival is a very popular and sometimes rumbustious celebration, a canival of...


The page provides the exchange rate of 25 Hungarian Forint (HUF) to Japanese Yen (JPY), sale and conversion rate. Moreover, we added the list of the most popular conversions for visualization and the history table with exchange rate diagram for 25 Hungarian Forint (HUF) to Japanese Yen (JPY) from Friday, 26/04/2019 till Friday, 19/04/2019. Latest update of 25 Hungarian Forint (HUF) exchange rate.
Convert currency 25 HUF to JPY. How much is 25 Hungarian Forint to Japanese Yen? — 9.65 Japanese Yen.
25 Hungarian Forint to Japanese Yen, convert 25 HUF in JPY.


Join us as we unveil the 2019 squad who will drive our premiership defence.
The West Coast Eagles Season Launch is your opportunity to enjoy a three course lunch with the team and hear from our premiership captain and coach.
Get an insight into the 2019 Toyota AFL Premiership Season and our bid to bring the cup back west again!
Booking deadline 22 February 2019. Contact events@wce.com.au with any queries.


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text:
Guess who's not going to emerge unharmed…
"Uncle Buckleup"
Location: Encino, California
Tank: More like lots of small, flying tanks
Disguises: Ruff the Bear
Scam: No
Fixation: Uncle Buckle-up, childhood hero
Flips: 1. Just one. But quite a remarkable one…
Fee: Unknown, non-Free
Quote: "Wouldn't he make a great doll?" – Toy makers, about B.A. Sorry B.A., I'm sure they meant "action figure."
Who is that?? Not really. The toy designer played by Lewis Dauber was in an ep of 24, but I admit I didn't recognize him.
According to Amy's computer (which I used to do research–they're quite useful for research, you know), cars were first required to come equipped with seat belts starting in 1968. This episode aired December 17th, 1985. About two weeks later, in January 1986, California law began requiring their use. So this episode is not only 80's entertainment, but once again we're fulfilling our 80's educational mandate in the form of a thinly-veiled PSA. For good measure, we throw in some don't drink, don't smoke, and don't play with matches. Yes, for Californians (of which I was one back in the 80's, and so too are our heroes, of course), seat belts were about to become the law.
Awwww, look at all the adorable little consumers!
So what happens if you don't wear a seat belt? I'm glad you asked! The episode opens with the answer: for the first time in the show's history, everyone doesn't emerge unharmed!! To be fair, the ep actually starts with adorable 80's children buying toys. Also to be fair, he doesn't die (that's extremely rare in this show), he just gets injured and does not emerge unharmed from the car.
Hannibal goes under cover to try and figure out who's putting the squeeze on Uncle Buckle-up (aka Sydney). He begins by auditioning for the role of a Bear–which sounds suspiciously like the Aquamaniac. He eventually gets the part thanks to saving Sydney from another attempt on his life, and it soon becomes clear that one of our Big Three are behind this–Drug Lords are using Sid's toys to smuggle drugs into the country. But they were forced to outsource toy production to China to make the whole operation work and it turns out the toys have terrible QA issues. So glad that whole 80's outsourcing-to-China fad didn't last!
There's some classic "talk or we feed you to the bears" interrogation, and Face actually does pretty well outnumbered two-to-one vs. some bad guys until he doesn't… and eventually our heroes are locked in a well-appointed–err… warehouse full of toys. So begins one of the more fun tank montages we've seen in a while–who doesn't love filling children's toys with black powder and rigging model airplanes as bombers?
It would have been risky to try and shoot this down, probably better that they ran from it.
Our heroes invite the bad guys over to play, the toys attack, our bad guys take their ball and go home, and the day is won! This ep was alright, mostly saved from being completely mediocre by the cool montage and toy assault. Anyway, always wear your matches, don't play with seat belts, and be cool, stay in school.
Special Feature: Planes of the A-Team
I've been waiting a while to do this one and I figure the excellent model airplane attack from this ep is as good a time as any to do my first Special Feature in a while: Planes (and Helicopters) of the A-Team.
Boeing 747 The difinitive 80's jumbo-jet airliner, the Boeing 747 is one we've not seen too much of lately, but was very common, and is still in regular use today.
Stearman Model 75 I don't believe we've seen this outside the pilot episode, but what a great moment it was. Murdock gave us some of his first (and pretty much last–they dropped that gag early on) howls in this plane.
Beechcraft Model 18 It's easy to mix this one up with the next one (in fact the Beechcraft has been known to stunt double for the Lockheed in this show). Our friend N81GB likes to crash a lot.
Lockheed Electra Junior The best way to tell the difference between this one and the Beechcraft are extensions to the elevators coming off the twin rudders on this one. NC1161V has shown up sometimes in a supporting role and sometimes as just a cameo. The Lockheed Electra is probably one of the most famous planes in all of cinema, as it was the plane Ingrid Bergman boarded at the end of Casablanca.
Douglas DC-3 Think of this as the 747 of the 1930s and 40s. These things are ubiquitous, almost even today. If we're flying to a third world country, it's almost certainly in one of these. A less fortunate one met its end to a very pleased B.A., too.
Bell 206B and 206L These show up often, especially in earlier seasons. If bad guys are flying a chopper, it's a good bet it's one of these or a variant of it (unless it's a 222, aka, Airwolf). And if Amy is flying a chopper, it's definitely one of these. And if bad guys are flying one into a cliff-side and then walking away from it, I'm also pretty sure it's one of these.
Hughes 369D These show up fairly often, too, usually when it's just a single person flying. That makes them less of a bad-guy chopper since bad guys tend to run in packs.


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Office of the IRB
The UAB Institutional Review Board for Human Use (IRB) is a committee established under federal regulations for the protection of human subjects in research (45 CFR 46). Its purpose is to help protect the rights and welfare of human participants in research conducted under the auspices of the University of Alabama at Birmingham.
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The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) oversees the use of animals for research, teaching, and testing conducted at or by UAB. The responsibility of the committee is to provide support, guidance, and oversight to research investigators and all staff working with and caring for animals in the animal use program while upholding the regulatory requirements and standards of federal and international oversight agencies. Compliance with international, federal, and university policies, regulations, and standards is important for animal welfare and continued financial support of the researchers and the university.
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Corrugated steel for strong hold.
Pre-expanded rubber tube shrinks to fit any handle. Easy to apply no heat gun or adhesive needed, fits any handle from 1 7/8" down to 3/4" diameters; can be used on hammers, wheelbarrows, picks, sledges or flashlights.


Whilst the beach-front accommodation available will always remain an excellent option these inland alternatives should not be dismissed… they really have so much to offer! Set just back from the coast these holiday retreats offer a more private and peaceful experience, and are great bases from which to explore Sri Lanka's natural beauty and exotic culture. Often found amidst smaller, rural villages these retreats offer the benefits of the beach, as well as the privacy and charm of the countryside. Situated within a short tuk tuk or taxi ride away from the coast guests can have the best of both worlds! Day trips to the coast to swim, fish, sunbathe or explore are easily organised, with many of the villas and hotels a twenty minute or less tuk tuk ride away….so sun-worshippers and aquaphiles don't fear!
Set back in the countryside or hills, there are many benefits of staying at these inland options. Often these villas and hotels tend to have been built upon larger sites than their coastal counterparts, meaning more spacious bedrooms, lounging areas and gardens for guests to enjoy! The abundance of tropical vegetation that grows inland not only provides a beautiful setting, but a large amount of (welcome!) shade for the properties. Due to the sandiness and saltiness of the soil, and the stronger winds, beach-front properties tend to have less vegetation and are therefore more exposed to the elements. Inland villas are often set amongst exotic paddy fields and cinnamon, tamarind or tea plantations. These amazing settings provide both a beautiful backdrop to your holiday, as well as housing an amazing range of Sri Lankan wildlife; from monkeys, to deer, to peacocks (it's a bird watchers paradise!).
Illuketiya, just inland from Thalpe on Sri Lanka's south coast.
In low season many areas of Sri Lanka's coastline become too dangerous to swim in due to strong currents and crashing waves (which can be rather noisy, both at day and night). Swimming pools therefore are of paramount importance during this period, with inland alternatives offering a far more sheltered and quieter location for guests to relax.
Lagoons and lakes, found just back from the coast, are a popular setting for many boutique hotels and villas, where fishing trips, boat rides or swimming may be experiences as well. Bike rides are also recommended around the quaint rural villages, local temples and rolling jungle-countryside at many of the hotels, allowing travellers to explore the 'real' Sri Lanka.
So if you're looking for both the activities and beaches of the coast, as well as the peace and quiet of the country side, these inland villas and boutique hotels could be an excellent option for you!
Talk to one of us at Experience Travel to discuss your perfect holiday in Sri Lanka.
I think you have forgetthe finest Boutique hotel with an awesome colour theme and a chic luxury design and of course Tangalle is an awesome growing tourist spot.
This article is specifically about inland villas. So whilst we'd agree that The Last House is an awesome villa, it is not inland so wouldn't have a place on this list. We should have included somewhere in Tangalle though I agree – how about fantastic Teak House? Not far inland so best of both worlds really.
Correct even that is looking amazing and you are doing a great job by writing about hotels..
I really like all the details that you write about these hotels in Sri Lanka. I haven't gone to Sri Lanka yet but your post is very beneficial to me if I will visit the country maybe late next year.


Aquavision Club Championships run from Sept-July each year, swimmers are split into competitive and recreational strands and age groups. Swimmers who hold a skill level prior to the first round of the club championships fall into the competitive strand.
At each round swimmers are split into age and skill level groups, each group performs 4 figures relevant to their skill level. Judges award a score to each figure and the swimmer with the most points in each group is awarded a gold medal and 10 points, silver and 7 points and bronze and 5 points. Points can also be achieved throughout the year by completing recreational grades or competitive skill levels, attending other competitions. The swimmer in each age category with the most points by the summer show is awarded the club champion. For the most up to date results, click here for the Results page.


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Джонсон () — селище () в США, в окрузі Немага штату Небраска. Населення — 328 осіб (2010).

Географія
Джонсон розташований за координатами  (40.410731, -95.998978).  За даними Бюро перепису населення США в 2010 році селище мало площу 0,47 км², уся площа — суходіл. В 2017 році площа становила 0,57 км², уся площа — суходіл.

Демографія

Згідно з переписом 2010 року, у селищі мешкало 328 осіб у 151 домогосподарстві у складі 96 родин. Густота населення становила 702 особи/км².  Було 169 помешкань (362/км²).

Расовий склад населення:

До двох чи більше рас належало 1,8 %. Частка іспаномовних становила 3,7 % від усіх жителів.

За віковим діапазоном населення розподілялося таким чином: 25,3 % — особи молодші 18 років, 49,7 % — особи у віці 18—64 років, 25,0 % — особи у віці 65 років та старші. Медіана віку мешканця становила 40,8 року. На 100 осіб жіночої статі у селищі припадало 76,3 чоловіків;  на 100 жінок у віці від 18 років та старших — 72,5 чоловіків також старших 18 років.

Середній дохід на одне домашнє господарство  становив  долари США (медіана — ), а середній дохід на одну сім'ю —  доларів (медіана — ). За межею бідності перебувало 14,2 % осіб, у тому числі 20,9 % дітей у віці до 18 років та 19,5 % осіб у віці 65 років та старших.

Цивільне працевлаштоване населення становило 174 особи. Основні галузі зайнятості: освіта, охорона здоров'я та соціальна допомога — 28,7 %, транспорт — 13,8 %, роздрібна торгівля — 11,5 %.

Джерела

Селища Небраски
Населені пункти округу Немага (Небраска)


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Constant Velocity (CV) Joints
Construction Mechanic Basic Volume 2
Center Support Bearings
Bendix-Weiss Constant Velocity (CV) Joint
The driving contact remains on the plane that bisects the angle between the two shafts; however, it is the rolling friction between the four balls and the The Bendix-Weiss constant velocity (CV) joint also uses balls that furnish points of driving contact, but its construction differs from that of the Rzeppa in that the balls are a tight fit between two halves of the coupling and that no cage is used (fig. 5-9). The center ball rotates on a pin inserted in the outer race and serves as a locking medium for the four other balls.
Figure 5-9.- Bendix-Weiss constant velocity (CV) joint.
universal joint housing that positions the balls. When both shafts are in line, that is, at an angle of 180 degrees, the balls lie in a plane that is 90 degrees to the shafts. If the driving shaft remains in the original position, any movement of the driven shaft will cause the balls to move one half of the angular distance. For example, when the driven shaft moves through an angle of 20 degrees, the angle between the two shafts is reduced to 160 degrees. The balls will move 10 degrees in the same direction, and the angle between the driving shaft and the plane in which the balls lie will be reduced to 80 degrees. This action fulfills the requirement that the balls lie in the plane that bisects the angle of drive.
Tripod Joint
A tripod or ball and housing CV joint consists of a spider, usually three balls, needle bearings, outer yoke, and boot. The inner spider is splined to the axle shaft with the needle bearings and three balls fitting around the spider. The yoke then slides over the balls. Slots in the yoke allow the balls to slide in and out and also swivel.
During operation, the axle shaft turns the spider and ball assembly. The balls transfer power to the outer housing. Since the outer housing is connected to the axle stub shaft or hub, power is sent through the joint to propel the vehicle.
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I was not expecting Brandyn Burnette's music to expand into EDM and embrace it, but once you get started with experimenting then it's hard to stop. So following remixes of songs like "Made Of Dreams", Brandyn lets Sean Turk take the reigns for the alternately progressive and futuristic "Closer", which in original version appears on the State I'm In EP as a collaboration with John Lock. I think I like this version of "Closer" better! It seems to be a little more vibrant and the EDM crunch that arrives quickly at the 40 second mark set the pace for the rest of the remix and doesn't let up. It's no wonder that this one is already getting early DJ support, so I wouldn't be surprised to see it pop up in charts nationally. It's also a fine companion piece to Elephante's "Closer" with a different perspective. Download "Closer" for free above and let it sweep you away!


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Innocent Witness
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An old man suffering from depression is found dead, and his housekeeper, Mi-ran, is charged with the murder. Mi-ran's defense attorney, Sun-ho, is surprised to learn the only witness to the crime is Ji-woo, a teenage girl with Asperger's. Will Ji-woo be able to take the stand and provide a valid statement?
Director: Lee Han
Actors: Jang Young-nam, Jung Woo-sung, Kim Hyang-gi, Lee Jun-hyeok, Lee Kyu-hyung, Lee Re, Lee Seo-hwan, Park Geun-hyung, Song Yun-ah, Yum Hye-ran
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Groundbreaking director Mamoru Oshii continues to push the boundaries of art and anime with this universally acclaimed cyber thriller following cyborg detective Batou as he tries to unravel the reasons…
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I Dreamed of Africa
Inspired by the true story of indomitable Kuki Gallmann, the film tells of a beautiful and inquisitive woman who had the courage to escape from her comfortable yet monotonous life…
Genre: Adventure, Drama, Romance
The fates of an apparently random group of strangers who each come into contact with a mysterious figure who they believe possesses the power to grant any wish, in return…
New York City in the year 2095 where genetically altered humans live side by side with unaltered men and women.
Country: France, Italy, UK
A docudrama about the escape of Russian pilots after being taken hostage by the Taliban in 1996.
Three lighthouse keepers on an uninhabited island off the coast of Scotland discover something that isn't theirs to keep.
Female Prisoner Scorpion: Grudge Song
Nami (Meiko Kaji) is once again on the run from the law but is saved by an old classmate who works at a strip club. Through a subsequent conversation they…
Set in 1948, the historic story of India's first Olympic medal post their independence.
Freeway II: Confessions of a Trickbaby
After escaping from jail, two teens flee to Tijuana and stay with one's childhood protector, a man masquerading as a nun.
Genre: Comedy, Crime, Drama, Thriller
A reporter becomes the target of a vicious smear campaign that drives him to the point of suicide after he exposes the CIA's role in arming Contra rebels in Nicaragua…
Genre: Crime, Drama, Mystery, Thriller
Lucky Fifty
Two struggling actors come across $50 on the street and decide to spend the day forgetting about their hardships.
Journey to the future of Rani and Keren, a young couple moving in together for the first time. Without control they are drawn to the race of marriage, children and…
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Trailer: Innocent Witness
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text:
Giovanni David, né à Cabella Ligure en 1743 et mort à Gênes en 1790, est un graveur et un peintre italien qui a été actif au .

Biographie

En 1770, Giovanni David partit pour Rome où il se forma auprès de Domenico Corvi.

En 1775 son tableau, Moïse montrant les Tables de la Loi, remporta le premier prix à l'Accademia di San Luca et au cours de cette même année, il s'installa à Venise protégé par l'ambassadeur génois Giacomo Durazzo.

À Venise il dessina aussi des décors pour le théâtre de La Fenice.

En 1780 il retourna à Gênes  et par la suite il voyagea en France, au Royaume-Uni et aux Pays-Bas.

Giovanni David décora le Salon du Grand Conseil du Palazzo Ducale.

Œuvres

 Psyché curieuse (1770), collection privée.
 Moïse montrant les Tables de la Loi (1775).
 Mise au Tombeau,
 Allégorie de l'Hiver
 Découverte de Romulus et Rémus,
 La Bataille de la Meloria (fresque), Salon du Grand Conseil, Palazzo Ducale, Gênes.
 Tobie enterrant les morts, huile sur toile, 0,85 × 0,745, Musée Fabre, Montpellier

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie
 Mary Newcome Schleier, Giovanni Grasso, Giovanni David pittore e incisore della famiglia Durazzo, B.Biblio Artema, Turin, 2003.

Article connexe
 Liste de peintres italiens

Liens externes

 Giovanni David sur le site Artnet.fr

Naissance dans la province d'Alexandrie
Peintre italien du XVIIIe siècle
Peintre d'art sacré
Peintre de l'école génoise
Graveur italien du XVIIIe siècle
Naissance en 1743
Décès en janvier 1790


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Home Nora Wahby appointed as Head o...
Nora Wahby appointed as Head of Ericsson West Africa
Nora Wahby will assume her new position as Head of Ericsson West Africa as of 1 June 2018
News | Jun 06, 2018
Ericsson (NASDAQ: ERIC) today announced the appointment of Nora Wahby as Head of Ericsson West Africa. Wahby will oversee Ericsson's business within this geography, holding responsibility for Key Accounts in West Africa and attending to common function resources used to gain efficiencies.
Nora's illustrious career with Ericsson started almost 20 years ago when she joined Ericsson Egypt as a Network and Technology Consultant. Over the years she garnered valuable experience across several key accounts and positions. In January 2008, Nora joined the Ericsson Vodafone Egypt account as a Program Manager for the Vodafone Egypt Performance improvement project. This role within the Vodafone Egypt account evolved over the years, and in 2010 she was appointed as an Account Manager with the telecommunications provider. Prior to her current appointment, Nora held the title of Key Account Manager for MTN South Africa.
Rafiah Ibrahim, Head of Ericsson Middle East and Africa, says: "Nora's experience in driving our customers' transformation and building new capabilities in developing markets will allow us to strengthen our long-term relationship with Ericsson's customers in the West Africa region. This will be key to build the future of connectivity, drive growth and transformation in these markets"
Nora Wahby, Head of Ericsson West Africa, says: "I am proud to assume this challenging new role and I look forward to further strengthening Ericsson's position in the telecommunications industry while expanding its reach within the countries I'll be responsible for."
For media kits, backgrounders, and high-resolution photos, please visit www.ericsson.com/press
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Ericsson enables communications service providers to capture the full value of connectivity. The company's portfolio spans Networks, Digital Services, Managed Services, and Emerging Business and is designed to help our customers go digital, increase efficiency and find new revenue streams. Ericsson's investments in innovation have delivered the benefits of telephony and mobile broadband to billions of people around the world. The Ericsson stock is listed on Nasdaq Stockholm and on Nasdaq New York. www.ericsson.com


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Posted inGovernment and Politics
COVID-19 Relief Draws Criticism
by The Chicago Reporter April 5, 2021 April 5, 2021
Several cities across the nation received federal discretionary dollars last year to help cover COVID-19 related costs.
The Coronavirus Relief Fund (CRF) payments could be used for public health and safety response efforts, testing sites and economic support initiatives, as long as the costs were "necessary expenditures" incurred due to the pandemic, according to the U.S. Department of the Treasury.
Out of the $470 million Chicago received, the city directed $281.5 million to the Chicago Police Department between March 1 and May 15, according to a budget briefing provided to Chicago aldermen in February. This move was met by criticism, including from Ald. Daniel La Spata (1st), who said the money spent on the police department could have been used to directly help Chicagoans struggling from the pandemic. It also came after activist made calls to defund the police amid protests against police brutality in the summer.
The money directed toward CPD accounts for 60% of the city's relief fund. That figure is more than what New York City used from its CRF portion to cover costs from the NYPD, which is twice as large as Chicago's police department. It's also more than what the city of Los Angeles used to reimburse their police department for COVID-19 costs.
Last July, NYC spent about $258 million of the $1.4 billion it received through its CRF on costs related to the police department, according to the city's latest COVID-19 expenditures report, updated quarterly. That accounts for 18% of the city's relief fund. These police-related costs were for supplies and materials, equipment, motor vehicle fuel, overtime and salary.
NYC is the largest city in the country, with a population of about 8.3 million. Its police department has about 37,000 police officers and 19,000 civilian employees, according to the NYPD statistics.
LA received nearly $700 million dollars in discretionary funds from the federal government, according to the U.S. Department of the Treasury. The city used nearly $42 million of these CRF dollars to reimburse LAPD COVID-19 costs, according to data provided by Patricia Huber, assistant city administrative officer in LA. This figure accounts for about 6% of the city's relief fund.
Huber said this figure was for costs covered between March and December 2020. The costs were for efforts in supporting the city's Emergency Operations and Department Operations Centers. The costs also reflect incurred administrative leave for employees who contracted COVID-19 or needed to quarantine due to being exposed to the virus.
Los Angeles is the country's second largest city, with a population of nearly 4 million people, according to the LAPD. It has about 14,000 sworn and civilian employees.
COVID-19-related CPD costs between March and May identified for federal reimbursement included performing wellness checks on residents, airport security when travelers had to be screened for the virus, security at the McCormick Place coronavirus field hospital and security at testing sites, according to the budget briefing.
Chicago is the third largest city in the country behind Los Angeles, and has a population of about 2.7 million. The CPD had about 14,000 sworn and civilian members at the end of 2019, according to the CPD.
Without using the CRF, "we would have been forced to pass the burden onto our taxpayers," the Chicago City Budget office has said.
But La Spata and local groups part of a March 25 virtual town hall said more money needed to be spent on bolstering housing assistance efforts, offering more support to small businesses and residents.
The city has awarded more than $100 million in assistance to small businesses amid the pandemic, according to the budget office. It also approved more than $94 million for homeless and housing assistance and $300 million for public health response.
But La Spata said more community investment is needed, which could have come out of the dollar amount directed toward the CPD.
"Those dollars were meant for the health and stability of our neighbors, not reimbursing extraneous CPD costs," La Spata said.
The city has spent a total of about $315 million of its relief fund on personnel costs for Chicago's first responders. The city directed $25 million to the fire department, $8 million to the Office of Emergency Management and Communications and the $281.5 million figure to the police department, according to the budget briefing.
The city budget office has said throughout the pandemic the city's first responders have "stepped up and kept our communities safe — from performing wellness checks to securing testing sites and quarantine facilities."
But La Spata questioned the effectiveness of sending officers to testing sites for security and said wellness checks should be done by mental health professionals.
As guidance for the next round of federal relief through the American Rescue Plan Act is in the works, La Spata said "we cannot afford to let that be spent without transparency, inclusion and equity."
That's why he and other local groups have launched a new coalition, Right to Recovery. It calls on "people with lived experience" to have a say in where the next round of federal funding goes, according to Dixon Romeo, campaign director for United Working Families, a political organization advocating for affordable housing, quality jobs and public education.
The effort includes a survey to elicit feedback from Chicagoans on how the next round of federal aid should be spent.
One hypothetical question in the survey asks what one would do with $1,000 to spend across nine general categories in the city's budget. Some of the categories include community services, infrastructure, police services, streets and sanitation.
Another question lists ideas about how the next round of relief funding could be spent to help communities recover from the pandemic, asking the surveyed to rank them. The ideas range from free early childhood education for all children under five, to reopening public clinics, creating 20,000 summer youth jobs, debt forgiveness and housing assistance.
"People in our communities should be consulted and ultimately thought about, "Romeo said. "That's why we're really trying to push for community involvement, so we can get the mayor and city council to listen to people in the communities and give them what has been needed for years, especially in this last year."
The American Rescue Plan Act will provide each state with funds for capital projects, emergency funding, homeowners assistance, rental assistance and small business credit, according to the act. Other parts of the act include an increased child tax credit amount and another round of economic impact payments. While La Spata said guidance for how the money can be spent is still in the works, the Better Government Association reported the plan will set more flexible spending guidelines than previous state and local relief.
The hope for the Right for Recovery campaign and survey is "to get the Mayor to do the right thing and put some of this money in places we know need it," Romeo said.
"Because folks are out here hurting and as someone who does community organizing every single day, I see it on a daily basis," he said.
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