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Home » Webinars » Using PTAB Proceedings to Challenge and Defend Patents: Standing, Serial IPRs, and Unintended Consequences
Using PTAB Proceedings to Challenge and Defend Patents: Standing, Serial IPRs, and Unintended Consequences
Recording of a 90-minute premium CLE webinar with Q&A
This program is included with the Strafford CLE Pass. Click for more information.
Conducted on Thursday, December 12, 2019
This CLE course will guide counsel on the strategic use of Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) proceedings. The panel will discuss how companies are leveraging the PTAB system, as well as the risks involved. The panel will also examine what small companies and startups can do to counter challenges from larger competitors.
The PTAB provides established companies powerful leverage to pressure the patent portfolios of startups. For example, unlike the district courts, there is no case or controversy requirement or cost-intensive discovery, and the legal spend is significantly less. Larger companies can even preemptively file petitions attacking the patent portfolio of smaller competitors on behalf of their customer/suppliers as a way to pressure the startup to license out its technology.
However, PTAB patent challenges are not risk-free. Some challenged claims may survive a PTAB attack, making them tougher to defeat given statutory estoppel protections. Also, it may be easier for the startup to make a case for willfulness, or to leverage admissions on claims scope or PTAB fact findings in later infringement proceedings.
To survive the PTAB, patent owners must not only avoid common trial missteps, but to plan in advance of PTAB challenges.
Listen as our authoritative panel of patent attorneys examines how companies are relying on preemptive filings in the PTAB, including a discussion of the underlying rules. The panel will also discuss what smaller companies and startups can do to counter a challenge from large patent holders and protect their patent rights.
PTAB proceedings as leverage for larger companies
Rules that permit
Single petition
Multiple petitions
PTAB proceedings from the perspective of startups and small companies
Patent portfolio as asset and liability
Response strategies
Funding challenges--for the PTAB and in the marketplace
The panel will review these and other key issues:
How are large, well-funded companies leveraging PTAB patent challenge mechanisms to challenge the patents of smaller patent holders?
What strategies are patent owners employing to succeed at the PTAB? What considerations do they need to keep in mind as they defend their patents?
Are claim amendments worthwhile? What is the most effective evidence for patent owners facing an obviousness challenge?
What proactive steps can counsel take to minimize the threat of PTAB challenges?
Steven C. Carlson
Robins Kaplan
Mr. Carlson is an IP litigator who draws upon national and international experience to assist clients with a wide range... | Read More
Mr. Carlson is an IP litigator who draws upon national and international experience to assist clients with a wide range of legal disputes, including patent litigation, trade secret matters, and copyright disputes. His professional experience covers a wide range of technologies, including pharmaceuticals, medical diagnostics, chemistry, machine learning, telecommunications, and robotics. Most recently, Mr. Carlson secured a trial verdict before the PTAB that invalidated multiple database technology patents used in the travel industry. A thought leader and an educator, Mr. Carlson has written numerous articles and books on the topic of patent litigation.
Scott A. McKeown
Ropes & Gray
Mr. McKeown is a partner in Ropes & Gray's intellectual property litigation practice and chair of the... | Read More
Mr. McKeown is a partner in Ropes & Gray's intellectual property litigation practice and chair of the firm's Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) group. He focuses his practice on post-grant patent counseling and litigation matters at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and related appeals to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Mr. McKeown is also a Professorial Lecturer in Law at the George Washington University Law School where he lectures and writes extensively on PTAB proceedings. He is also the editor of the widely read legal blog PatentsPostGrant.com.
Strafford will process CLE credit for one person on each recording. All formats include course handouts.
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Patent Law Advisory Board
Locke Lord
David S. Bloch
Greenberg Traurig
Irah H. Donner
Manatt
Ian N. Feinberg
Feinberg Day Alberti & Thompson
Anthony J. Fitzpatrick
David Segal
Senior IP Counsel
Astrid R. Spain
Chief Legal Officer
D2G Oncology
Strafford provided an enthusiastic presentation that focused on patent practice, not theory.
David H. Vance
Vance Intellectual Property
I liked the practical insights, particularly when tied to cases the presenters had worked on.
Michael Gray
I thought Strafford's program was very clear and straightforward.
Meg Mazzone
Sarah Cannon Research Institute


Hi is it possible to automatically send email notifications on Invoice Item Adjustment?
Ive checked Invoice Email API but its not available for SOAP, Is there a workaround for this?
Connect app Workflow might be the best option to achieve this. The ootb notification does not have IIA event trigger.


Here's my French Market Bag. Made with 1.75 skeins of Andes - one would have thought that, being the same dye lot, they would be remotely similar skeins. Not. But I purchased this on a yarn-high (one of my first) in Woodstock Wool, so I totally blame myself. The color variation is SOOOO not a big deal on a bag like this. I made it a little deeper than the pattern. Very easy, quick, and fun-to-see-the-results.
You can see the beginning of it here.
There are two things you will notice in the above picture. Poor, asthmatic Coz and the A/C.
It's 95 degrees outside. It's 78 inside. Coz ain't no fool.
The bag looks like it's supposed to have the two different colors! Very nice.
I'm very impressed by the making of things out of other things with one's hands. Uh, eloquent, much? I mean like quilting or knitting or etc etc etc. All very impressive to me as I can do none of it.


Papaya Fairness Cream by INLIFE contains Aloe Vera combined with the goodness of raw papaya, Potato and Vitamin E to enhance complexion manifold and prevent skin pigmentation. It is different from ordinary fairness creams, the INLIFE Papaya Fairness Cream go deep inside the skin cells and protects melanin from reaching the upper skin layers, turning it lighter and glowing.
Papaya is also known for its preventive mechanism of wrinkles and fine lines, which make you, look older and dull. It abolishes sunspots, age spots and hyperpigmentation with regular use and gives you a soft, smooth and glowing skin. Being effective on almost all types of skin, the cream refreshes your skin and makes you look spotless and polished.
Directions: Apply INLIFE Papaya Fairness Cream in dots all over the face. Gently massage in upward direction. Can be used at any time of the day. For best results, use regularly.
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Results may vary from person to person.


Judging from his resumé, Berlin, N.J., trumpeter and flugelhorn player Matt Cappy likes to mix things up. He's played on studio sessions for the Roots, Michael Jackson, Elvis Costello, Marah, John Legend, the Mavericks, and gospel great Marvin Sapp. Each has proved a perfect setting for his muted, holy, breathy brass tone that's hotly reminiscent of great trumpeters Mark Isham and Rene Lopez.
Cappy, the eternal sideman, has moved front and center with Church and State, his first solo album. He marks the occasion with a show at Johnny Brenda's on Friday.
It took eight years to record Church and State, a process hampered by Cappy's status as an excellent sideman. "Honestly, you go on these tours with Jay Z, Jill [Scott], or Kirk Franklin, as I have. You record on classics like Marah's Kids in Philly or Michael Jackson's Invincible. You get more confident in what you've done and recognize what you must do better. I had learned how to speak my voice within their music and added great qualities to their sound. The phone keeps ringing, so I knew I was doing that right, sustaining that," says Cappy.


text:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture records
Aeon Request
L. Tom Perry Special Collections. University Archives
Contains class notes, research files, publications, student projects, and other materials produced by department administrators. Includes information on the Desert Biome Project, sagebrush, and projects in Iran and Tennessee. Materials date from between 1945 and 1980.
Brigham Young University. Department of Agronomy and Horticulture (creator, Organization)
Restricted. Closed for 35 years from the date of creation of the records, and thereafter open to the public in accordance with the University Archives Policy.
It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain any necessary copyright clearances. Permission to publish material from the Raymond B. Farnsworth and W. Derby Laws Department of Agronomy and Horticulture records must be obtained from the Permissions & Licensing Office of the University & the L. Tom Perry Special Collections Board of Curators.
The Department of Agronomy & Horticulture is part of the College of Biology & Agriculture. It was created in 1967 when the Department of Agronomy & the Department of Horticulture were merged to strengthen both programs. The new department was part of the College of Biological & Agricultural Science that had been created in 1954. Prior to that, both departments had been members of the College of Applied Sciences. An important part of the Department of Agronomy & Horticulture is the University farm located in Spanish Fork, Utah.
W. Derby Laws was a professor of Agronomy at Brigham Young University from 1960 until 1976. He served as chairman of the Department of Agronomy from 1965-66. He taught soil chemistry and soil physics.
Raymond B. Farnsworth was a professor of Agronomy at Brigham Young University from 1946 until 1980. He served two years as the dean of the College of Biological and Agricultural Science and was chairman of the Department of Agronomy for fourteen years. He was widely know for his research on nitrogen fixation by non-leguminous plants.
10 boxes (5 linear ft.)
Arranged in two series: 1. Department of Agronomy and Horticulture chair records, 1945-1974. 2. Department of Agronomy and Horticulture chair records, 1957-1980.
A more detailed finding aid is available in print in the repository.
File-level inventory available online. http://files.lib.byu.edu/ead/XML/UA960.xml
These materials were transferred to the University Archives from Records Management on June 4, 2002. The records were stored in Records Management from 1988-2002. Prior to that they were in the custody of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture.
Transferred; Records Management; June 2002.
Departmental records (University Archives collecting policy, July 2003).
Former title: Raymond B. Farnsworth and W. Derby Laws Department of Agronomy and Horticulture records
Processed; J. Gordon Daines III; June 2002.
Desert ecology
Dissertations, Academic
Research (Documents)
Spanish Fork (Utah)
Laws, Wilford Derby, 1911-1986, 1911-1986 (contributor, Person)
Farnsworth, Raymond B. (Raymond Bartlett), 1915-1987 (contributor, Person)
Register of the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture records
J. Gordon Daines III
Finding aid written in English in Latin script.
Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA) grant, 2007-2008
Box: 1 (Mixed Materials)
Box: 10 (Mixed Materials)
Part of the L. Tom Perry Special Collections. University Archives Repository
http://sc.lib.byu.edu/
1130 HBLL
Provo UT 84602 US
Initial Citation: UA 960; Raymond B. Farnsworth and W. Derby Laws Department of Agronomy and Horticulture records; University Archives; L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University.Following Citations: UA 960, BYUA.
Initial Citation: UA 960; Raymond B. Farnsworth and W. Derby Laws Department of Agronomy and Horticulture records; University Archives; L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University.Following Citations: UA 960, BYUA. https://archives.lib.byu.edu/repositories/17/resources/8420 Accessed January 29, 2023.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Property Services oversees purchase and installation of furniture, moving services, surplus management, and more.
Fill out a Moving and Hauling Request Form.
Plan ahead as far as possible. Property Service can schedule up to nine months in advance.The further out you can plan the easier it will be to guarantee your desired move dates. Remember, school break times (especially the summer break) are our busiest periods for moving services and it is strongly recommended that you have your requests submitted at least two months prior to the requested move date.
When filling out your move request please include as much information as possible including correct descriptions of the items to be moved. This is especially important when describing files (vertical as opposed to lateral), heavy or large items, glassware, pictures, artwork etc.
Request a pre-screening of the move to ensure you have all the information you need. We do this for free! Frequently departments that have not requested a pre-screening are inadequately prepared for our movers (they are fast!) and if you are still packing up desks, personal belongings, books etc. when they arrive, you may significantly increase the cost of your move.
Please mark the final destination on your furnishings and boxes (larger yellow post-its work well for this purpose).
Have someone appointed to give directions at both the pick-up as well as the delivery locations. If an individual is not available to stand and direct the placement of his or her belongings as we bring them in, please have them provide a simple (understandable) map of the office layout so that we can place the items as quickly and correctly as possible.
We turn desks and extensions on end so these items must be emptied prior to move.
Use boxes that can be closed and fill them completely but do not overfill and absolutely do not pack large boxes with books and such. Toilet paper cases filled with books tend to rupture and can make for a tedious and costly cleanup.
With the exception of lateral or mechanical files, file cabinets can generally be left full unless there are stairs or other hazardous considerations. We will clarify this during pre-screening.
Make sure all computers are disconnected and ready for transport.
We are precluded from transporting hazardous materials, with the exception of Universal Hazardous Waste, i.e. electronics.
To ensure continuing prompt delivery of your mail, please remember to notify Mailing Services 303-492-6524 as early as possible before your move.
Our goal is to provide fast efficient service and to make your move as worry free as possible. Thank you for considering Property Services for all your relocation needs, your patronage is greatly appreciated!
If you have a particular date and time in mind, we will try to accommodate you. However, we schedule on a first-come, first served basis. The crew that handles moves also does pick-up of disposal items and delivers furniture.
Property Services procures and provides classroom seating in all centrally controlled (and residential academic program) classrooms.
For more information contact our Logisticts Coordinator, 303-492-7207.
We offer a wide variety of used office furniture. Desks, chairs, bookcases, credenzas, and tables of all shapes and sizes are available for departmental purchase. Before purchasing used furniture, please make sure that you and your speedtype are included in your department's profile in our Surplus Property Management System.
When you are interested in making a purchase, it might be best to visit us in person. Our stock changes on a near daily basis. Please call 303-492-6525and make an appointment. You are welcome to drop by and browse our warehouse, but please give us a call about an hour before making the trip as we handle a variety of functions and occasionally have to commit our resources elsewhere.
We also hold periodic public auctions which are open to the public.
University of Colorado Boulder (UCB) Property Services will hold the next public auction of surplus property and equipment on April 27, 2019. Items currently scheduled for auction can be viewed here one month before the auction.
State of Colorado (including CU) employees are welcome to participate in our live auction as well as ongoing on-line auctions through web-sites such as www.govdeals.com, www.labx.com and www.publicsurplus.com. State of Colorado employees will be required to sign a non-conflict of interest certification stating that they were involved with neither the original procurement nor the decision to dispose of the item(s) purchased at CU-Boulder's public auction.
For more information and pictures of items to be sold please click here and like our facebook page.
Some items listed may not be available at time of auction due to departmental retention, timing, logistical, or other reasons. Please note that all item descriptions are provided by CU-Boulder departments and as such Property Services is unable to guarantee verification of each description. This listing has been provided for informational purposes only and does not reflect the order that the items will be sold.
All items won at auction must be purchased and removed from the premises by purchaser on the day of auction. Items cannot be held over for pick-up without making special arrangements with Property Services' staff.
We do not provide access to dumpsters or trash roll-offs for the disposal of unwanted items. The legal and proper disposal of any purchased item is the sole responsibility of the purchaser.
The University of Colorado strongly encourages and supports the appropriate disposal of unwanted/unusable electronic items and will, upon request, provide information on known recycling/reclamation organizations.
Please contact our Surplus Property Supervisor at (303) 492-1120 or PropServ@Colorado.edu with any questions about the auction or property disposal information.
State of Colorado (including CU) employees are welcome to purchase surplus property directly from Property Services. State of Colorado (including CU) employees are also welcome to participate in our live auctions and on-line auctions through web-sites such as www.govdeals.com, www.labx.com and www.publicsurplus.com. State of Colorado employees will be required to sign a non-conflict of interest certification stating that they were involved with neither the original procurement nor the decision to dispose of the item(s) purchased at CU-Boulder's public auction.
Property Services will assist departments in selling high-end electronics and/or lab equipment through various internet auction sites. Departments will receive proceeds made from internet sales. Please contact Steve Marvel (303-492-1120) to arrange for your internet sale of high-end surplus equipment.
All items offered by the University of Colorado are sold As-Is/Where-Is with no warranty or guarantee either expressed or implied. We make reasonable attempts to make known any condition, of which we are aware, that may adversely affect normal "manufactured for" end use.
The University of Colorado cannot insure nor confirm suitability for purchaser's final application.
The University of Colorado maintains a strict policy of No Returns or Exchanges. Purchaser understands and acknowledges that all sales are final. The University of Colorado strongly recommends physically inspecting items or equipment prior to purchase.
Property Services' percentage of sales covers labor, handling, research for fair market value, etc.
The Department of Facilities Management Property Services is responsible for administering the disposition of all surplus property for the Boulder campus.
Click here to review CU Boulder's policy on Surplus Property.
After pressing "Sign In" you will be taken to the login screen where you will use your usual login details.
Shawna Stushnoff (303-492-6324) is available to help you with the process of registering your department and creating disposal requests.
Click here for your guide on Creating a Surplus Transfer in the AssetWorks system.
Click here for your guide to uploading assets from a .csv file to a Surplus Transfer.
If you have items that need hazardous material clearance, download an Environmental Health and Safety Certificate or contact Environmental Health and Safety to certify your equipment is safe for disposal.
Propery Accounting offers an three part Property Manager's Certificate course that covers management of property here at the university, the second session of this training covers property disposal. The property disposal session covers using the property disposal system, trade-ins, donations, transfers, etc. The Property Accounting training sessions are normally held in the fall, please contact them to express an interest in training if you do not see this year's sessions referenced below. Completion of all three sessions will lead to a Departmental Property Manager (DPM) certification if completed within two years. Training and certification is sponsored by CCO, OCG, and Property Services.
Contact Shawna Stushnoff 303 492-6324 for further information.
Click here for definitions for different types of surplus and who to contact.
After your disposal request has been entered and authorized in the Surplus Property Management System, property services staff will email the contact person with instructions.
Labels will be sent to the disposal request contact person through campus mail with a note instructing them to contact Steve Marvel when the labels have been affixed to all surplus items.
When Property Services has been notified that the items are ready, they will schedule the crew to come and remove your surplus.
On average, it takes Property Services six calendar days to pick up a disposal request from the date the department notifies us the tags have been affixed and the items are ready for pick up.
Property Services completes approximately 150 disposal requests each month. The scope of one disposal request can range from a single item to a multiple-truck pick-up.
Property Services is Generally Funded to pick up surplus property on the CU Boulder campus. That means, your surplus items will be picked up at no charge to your department. An exception to this, is our $95 charge for refrigerant reclamation to cover our hazardous materials disposal costs.
If you are doing any of the above three, you do not need to create a disposal request. Please contact our Property Services' Manager (303-492-7207) for assistance.
If you are moving to a new location: To ensure continuing prompt delivery of your mail, please remember to notify Mail and Package Services (303-492-6242) as early as possible before your move.
Property Services ensures that all electronics are disposed of responsibly, in accordance with the highest industry standards for sustainability. 100% of the university's surplus electronics are diverted from landfill (approximately 260,000 lbs/year) by our staff.
Property Services staff screen surplus computer equipment; remove, sanitize and destroy data recording media; strip obsolete and non-working components for reclamation and recycling; and sell used computers and their components back to university departments at extremely competitive prices. Please contact us at 303-492-2377 to ask what kind of used equipment we have available for resale.
Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) and mercury-containing bulbs: Submit waste tags to EH&S and Facilities Management, or call 303-492-7845 .
Rechargeable/Alkaline Batteries: Find information here or call 303-492-7845 for drop-off locations and instructions.
Electronics: Please dispose of all state owned electronics through our Surplus Property Management System or call 303-492-6524.
Cell phones, MP3s/IPODs and chargers: Drop off at the UMC, Norlin Library, Darley Commons, or mail to 207 UCB.
Please contact CU Recycling (303-492-8307) for other recycling questions.
My classroom is short of student desks. Can you bring me some?
Please first check to make sure the occupancy of the rooms nearby and compare that number to the number of student desks in that classroom. Sometimes desks migrate to different rooms in the building.
How can we get replacement furniture for broken desks?
Let us know how many are broken and the max seating occupancy of room. We will replace as necessary.
Delivery schedule depends on when we receive your request.
Do I need an appointment to view furniture?
Yes. Please call Property Services at 303-492-6524 to make an appointment.
How can we pay for used furniture?
To purchase used furniture, your department needs to have a profile set up in our Surplus Property Management System. We can then use your speedtype from that profile to sell you our used furniture inventory.
Is there a delivery fee for used furniture?
No, delivery is part of Property Services service if furniture was purchased through Property Services.
Can I see pictures of used items for sale on the website?
No, our inventory items are changing daily. Please call 2-6524 to make an in-person viewing appointment and for more information.
Do you charge for delivery of new furniture?
Do you have samples of new furniture I can view?
Yes, we have samples of several desks, cabinets, files, chairs and catalog items at the Distribution Center.
What if I want to order from someone other than Property Services?
Furniture purchase is mandatory through Property Services/state bid, although you can request direct purchase by filling out specific documents.
Where do I get a speed type?
Check with your departmental accounting person.
We have non-working electronics. How can we dispose of them?
Please dispose of all state owned electronics through our Surplus Property Management System or call 303-492-6524. All electronics MUST be disposed of through Property Services and must include serial ID. Find more information at Surplus Property & Disposal.
What if another department wants my electronics?
A transfer of property form must be filled out and approved through Property Services.
How do we get rid of working reusable electronics?
Please us our Surplus Property Management System to register your department and create disposal requests for your unwanted items. Find more information at Surplus Property & Disposal.
Does Property Services rent or loan tables, chairs, tents?
We do not rent or loan furniture or tents but can arrange set up and delivery for a fee.
Does Property Services rent or loan podiums or easels?
We do not normally rent or loan podiums. We do supply podiums for centrally scheduled classrooms per requests from UCB central scheduling office.
Do we need to empty file cabinets and bookcases for moves?
Upright drawers do not need to be emptied. Both laterals and shelving units do need to be emptied.
Do we need to empty desks?
Yes, desks are turned on end to move.
Can you provide moving boxes or tape?
Yes. Boxes and tape are now provided through Materiel Management.
When will the next public auction be?
Auctions are held periodically and as needed at the Distribution Center.
Why do I need to supply revenue and expense speed types in our Departments's Profile in the Surplus Property Management System?
We need a revenue speedtype to receive any revenues for those items sold in our public auctions. If your surplus item sells for more $100 in our public auctions, your department will receive 50% of the revenue.
EH&S sheets are a pain - why do we have to have it?
Required to ensure items are safe for handling, proper disposal, or resale. Contact EH&S as they will prepare/deny clearance.
How do we get OCG sheets?
Contact OCG, they will provide necessary paperwork for release of property.
Can we donate items outside CU, outside the country?
Contact Property Services for details and necessary forms for donation of surplus items.


In 1992 the editors of Socialist Organiser, the newspaper of the Socialist Campaign for a Labour Victory, launched an organisation under the name of Alliance for Workers' Liberty (AWL). The particular brand of Trotskyism with which the AWL identifies is strongly influenced by its leader Sean Matgamna, who has been active on the Trotskyist left since the sixties. The founding document of this tendency, What We Are And What We Must Become , was published in 1966 as a critique of the Revolutionary Socialist League (Militant), the political ancestors of the Socialist Party of England and Wales (SPEW) and a number of other smaller Trotskyist groups. We will return to that document later as we examine "What they have become".
Over time Matgamna's tendency has abandoned orthodox Trotskyism in favour of Third Camp Trotskyism.  What has remained a consistent theme is the peddling of illusions in the Labour Movement as a vehicle for social change on behalf of the working class.
• Electoral activity. The AWL was part of the Socialist Alliance in the 2001 election  and the Socialist Green Unity Coalition in the 2005 election.  Within these it worked in coalition with organisations such as the Socialist Workers' Party (SWP), Socialist Party of England and Wales (SPEW) and the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB-PCC). At times it has put up its own candidates (in safe Labour seats). All this while still campaigning for a Labour victory.
That poisonous mix of confusion and blurred class lines has deep roots in the political origins which Trotskyists take as their political starting point.  Trotsky's presence within the Soviet Communist Party and the CPSU during its degeneration has never been re-evaluated by those who claim to be his followers. This means that the twists and turns which began with the 3rd and 4th Congresses (1921-22) of the Comintern lie at the very centre of their efforts to relate to the capitalist order which has continued to assert its global hegemony since then. The "turn to the masses" and accommodation with the pro-capitalist social democracy translates very readily into "being with the class" in shouting hurrah for Corbyn and electing left-sounding windbags to positions in the trade unions.
And how is the AWL's distorted vision of socialism to be achieved? It is, no less, by trying to make the capitalist Labour Party act in the interests of the working class! A party which has loyally performed the role, when needed, of managing British capitalism at the expense of the working class for more than a century. Whether it is support for the First and Second World Wars, the breaking up of strikes by the Attlee government, or the development of the British atomic bomb, the Labour Party, even at its most social-democratic, has always been on the side of the bosses.  At this time, it is horribly ironic that the Labourists decrying "austerity" want to elect the Party that introduced "austerity" as an economic principle during the Attlee government.
In 1997, during a period when the Blair leadership had made the Labour Party into a difficult terrain for Trotskyists, the AWL described the Labour Party as "a bourgeois party, a bourgeois workers' party".  Since then, because of the factional machinations at the centre of the Labour Party, the AWL restarted its strategy of "entryism". In practice, that strategy means they encourage their members to join the Labour Party and Momentum in order to try to radicalise it by pushing for more "left wing" leaders and the adoption of more "left wing" policies through an increase in local democracy in local Labour Party constituencies. It is unclear whether the long-term goal is to transform the Labour Party into a real workers' party, or cause a split that could initiate the formation of such a party, in the meantime pushing Labour "to the left". But the key to the politics and activity of the AWL is that Labour must be revitalised and made more attractive to the working class.
An AWL Lewisham Momentum organiser eloquently defends the AWL against the Dispatches programme's charges in a video on the AWL website , and in doing so, demonstrates how the AWL are helping to breathe new life into a Labour Party that most working class people had dismissed as being Tory Lite. He says that the AWL are trying to democratise the Labour Party and make its MPs more accountable to the party's members … and to make it easier for local parties to choose their candidates freely without restrictions. This is important, he says, so that MPs represent the interests of their members and fight for policies that support working people rather than for their own selfish interests and those of the rich and powerful. He says those behind the programme are frightened of the "socialist" ideas that the AWL are advocating; such as taking public ownership of the banks, taxing the rich, rebuilding decent public services, providing decent jobs and homes for everyone, and scrapping Trident. He finishes by saying that making Labour MPs accountable is the way in which these policies can be implemented. This combination of "democracy" and "socialism", he says, is what the programme makers are really bothered about.
But even in their own terms the AWL have failed here. They and their fellow leftists have not even been able to democratise Momentum, let alone the Labour Party. In 2017, in an effective coup led by Momentum's founder Jon Lansman and his allies, the newly formed National Coordinating Group arrogated to itself the main responsibility for the governing of Momentum and can essentially block any decisions it does not like without consultation with the membership.  Contrary to what the AWL have promised, Momentum will be more top-down than ever before. A number of AWL members have faced expulsions from the Labour Party (and by extension from Momentum). But these setbacks have not deterred the AWL from continuing to sow illusions in the Labour Party and bourgeois democracy.
The logic of the defective political method of the pro-capitalist left in Britain comes out when they line up against each other in favour of this or that capitalist option. For example, despite their position that referendums "work against, rather than for, informed debate and accountability",  the AWL has supported a "No" vote in the Alternative Vote referendum (2011), a "No" vote in the Scottish independence referendum (2014) and a "Remain" vote in the EU membership referendum (2016). Their politics of "lesser evilism" do not end there – while wars and massacres spread across the world the left chooses which side to cheer on.
40 years on, now firmly encamped in the left wing of the Remain camp, they offer no justification for their 1975 position or explanation of their subsequent position. In their own selective history, published in 2009 , they simply make no mention of the episode. Stretching generosity to its limits, perhaps a case could be made that it was overlooked as in 2009 the bourgeois arguments about UK membership of the EU was "on the back burner". To try and apply such an argument in 2018 is beyond credibility, so instead of ignoring his own history, Matgamna brings out the airbrush.
Published in September of this year , Matgamna wrote a history of "the life and times" of the AWL and its predecessors as part of an introduction to the republication of writings by Max Shachtman. In that history, Matgamna devotes more than a page (pp 35-6) to "The left and the EU in the 1970s". He deliberately misleads his readers in a way that echoes the most mendacious Stalinist lie mongers. The key paragraph is "There were two possible left and socialist responses. To accept the progress made in its own way and with its own limitations by the bourgeoisie and to build working-class unity across Europe inside the EU, aiming to fully democratise and transform the bureaucracy clogged EU. Or to advocate "Brexit", on the plea of those bourgeois limitations but for varying, not always respect-worthy, "real" reasons".
 For further background on the roots of the efforts by Trotsky and his contemporary and later followers to reinsert themselves into the left wing of capitalism see CWO Pamphlet Trotsky Trotskyism Trotskyists: From Revolution to Reformism.
 The need to involve themselves with the Labour Party and bourgeois electoral politics means that the AWL's view of "independent working class politics" involves an "independence" entirely circumscribed by the need to satisfy ruling class rules. In 2010 AWL registered with the British state's Electoral Commission to allow them to stand candidates in their own name. In 2015 with the Blair/Brown leadership being replaced by Corbyn they deregistered to attempt to remove an obstacle to their followers being members of the Labour Party.
Have we heard anything about a possible AWL response to this article yet?
Also, where does the cropped image at the top of this article (which seems to show the relationship between various British left groups) come from? I would be interested in seeing the full image if possible.
"coming soon, but probably only on www.workersliberty.org, will be a reply to the recent long article criticising Workers' Liberty and Solidarity by the Communist Workers' Organisation in their magazine Revolutionary Perspectives."
But nothing yet so far.


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Q: How to split multiple physical monitors in virtual monitors with Ubuntu 22.04 I have 3 monitors, each one has 23". I use one in portrait orientation and two in landscape.
I use ubuntu 22.04 and I want to split one of the horizontal monitors in 3 parts and the vertical one in 2 parts.
Is this possible?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Peter May (2013) The Chess Man
Peter May is one of those authors I kept meaning to read. But like everybody else I've got a stack of books waiting and no time to read them. I'm glad I found the time to read this. He's good. He's very good and the characters he creates swagger out of the page and into your life, so you care about them and what happens to them. The characters that stand out most are the Scottish islands, such as Lewis, Harris, Uist and Barra. The islanders on the windswept shores of the Atlantic are a captive breed and people of the land that move with the rhythms of the sea and sky. 'Fin raised himself up on his elbows and saw that the stone at the entrance had been rolled aside.' The mirroring of Jesus risen,
The sight that greeted him was almost supernatural. The mountains of south-west Lewis rose up steeple all around, disappearing into an obscurity of low clouds. The valley below seemed wider than it had by the lightning of the night before. The giant shards of rock that littered its floor grew like spectres out of a mist that rolled up from the east, where a not yet visible sun cast an unnaturally red glow. It felt like the dawn of time.
A miracle has occurred and Fin and his companion Whistler are the only two that witness it. A loch overnight has disappeared. Fin is an ex-cop that has moved away and moved back to the islands bringing the baggage of that life with him. Whistler never made that fateful step to the Mainland and the chance of another life, a different life, but Whistler had always been different, thrawn and determined to follow his own path, whatever the cost. The black house and the croft he inherited are his life and a natural genius and affinity with sea and sky. Childhood classmates and linked by kinship to a sunken ship and lives lost yards from the shore after the Great War they are more than friends and less than brothers.
The essence of drama is conflict and May cleaves the easy renewal of their childhood camaraderie and past by making Fin an employee of an incomer Jamie, who owns the land and the people of the land and threatens to legally take away Whistler's home because the latter refuses to bend his knee and pay feu duties and follows the natural god-given law and takes one for the pot from Loch Suaineabhal. Big Kenny, who works for Jamie, has already take Whistler's wife and child. The loss of the loch may have been a natural phenomenon called bog bursting, but the presence of a plane in what was once deep water, with a body inside, of Roddy's body inside, another childhood friend that was part of a group that created a haunting Island sound (think Clannad) and achieved international success moves all the pieces and plot points on the board to new and potentially check mate positions. And there is no way of getting out without loss of life or loss of wife and child.
And if Island life doesn't sound complicated enough throw in the femme fatale that everyone one in the band loved and lost. Finn the narrator tell us: 'Mairead Morrison, who played the fiddle and sang. She had he voice of an angle, a body that would arouse any teenage boy's passion, and a smile that would break your heart…I fell in love with her the first moment I saw her.'
As did Whistler and Kenny and Roddy and, well, you get the drift. Mairead Morrison is Beyoncé and Madonna combined with 'startling Celtic blue eyes'. The band meet and greet each other at the Nicholson Institute in Stornoway. The backstory of how they left the Islands and achieved success and how a crashed plane with a body inside it came to be in the loch is what drives the plot forward. There's a subplot involving another, former, member of the group, the Reverend Donald Murray who is being tried by a quorum of The Free Church of Scotland on the charge of breaking the commandments and killing someone is self-defence. 'Thou shalt not kill' trumping the latter, was being debated. But this narrative threat seems to have come from the backstory of another of May's novels that someone better read than me may be more familiar with. The people of the Islands know their own and May paints word pictures and plots points more skilfully than a chess-grand master that you've got to just say, like Whistler he has a God-given talent and serves the land and worship of the word well.
August 16, 2016 August 17, 2016 odonnelljack52
BeyonceClannadMadonnaPeter MayThe Chess Man
Amy Winehouse – The Day She Came to Dingle. BBC 4 IPlayer.
Director, Maurice Linnane
http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01l4929
There is currently a new film documentary out about Amy Winehouse. Since her death she seems to have become more popular. I don't listen to music. I've read more about Amy Whitehouse than I've heard her voice. There she was in the pages of some tabloid falling over drunk, or out of her face on drugs, or both. Reams of newsprint on her boyfriend who went to jail because he was caught with drugs. Amy was always on the cusp of going into rehab. Then she died.
Yet here she was at the height of her fame, in Dingle of all places. Think of Father Ted and you've got Dingle. It's falling into the Atlantic and nobody seems to have noticed or cared. They create a music festival to fix the church up, it needs a bit of tiling and perhaps a new roof. Invitations go out to stars such as Martha Wainwright and Amy Winehouse and they come. Perhaps they don't know where Dingle is.
They send a driver to pick up Amy on that cold, wet and wintry December night. He doesn't know who Amy Winehouse is and doesn't really care. It's a hire. He holds up a sign with her name on it. She's there with two backup guitar players. Big hair but no big entourage that's it. I like that about her. The driver tells us the viewers when he saw her he asked where her mum was. She looked so young and so tiny. She laughed and said she was in London.
She knows her music. She was asked about her influences. I don't really speak that language. I could follow the conversation part ways. She said she liked Kylie until she was about six. I still like Kylie. Then from six to eight she liked Madonna. I still like Madonna. Then it was hiphop. I don't know what that is. Gospel music. Then it was jazz and Thelonius Monk. I was lost by that stage. I'm aware that it's a kind of improvisation with musicians working off each other around a common thread, but music isn't rational it's emotional.
Amy Winehouse can walk the walk and talk the talk, but she doesn't so much sing as inhabit a song. Love is a Losing Game finds a voice that shows how to shred itself and bleed notes on a stage. Back to Black is a simple enough song, a motif with words wound around that simple refrain, but for Amy it's personal. She means what she sings. Amy Winehouse here is humble and delightful. She lives on-stage. Dingle saw the best of her. Sadly we'll see no more or hear no more. A genuine God-given talent.
July 5, 2015 odonnelljack52
Amy WinehouseArenaDingle FestivalKylieMadonnaTheolonius Monk


Congratulations to our lead paraplanner Raj Chettra who completed the London Landmarks Half Marathon.
The event took place on Sunday the 24th March 2019 with over 13,000 runners and is the only half marathon to go through both the City of London and City of Westminster. Raj completed the marathon in a respectable 2 hours 46 minutes.
Raj was running for the charity "Tommy's", personally raising £610. The charity funds pioneering medical research into why pregnancy loss happens and how it can be prevented.
The marathon starts on Pall Mall near our London Office and finishes by Downing Street. The runners enjoy fabulous views of London's most iconic landmarks including St Paul's Cathedral, Nelson's Column, Big Ben, the Shard, the Tower of London, the Gherkin and the London Eye.
The event prides its self in delivering what it calls a "Pan-London community engagement programme that involves schools, boroughs, community groups, cultural organisations, sports clubs and businesses in both event development and on the day".
The charity has set its self a mission to halve the number of babies that die in pregnancy or birth by 2030. They are the United Kingdom's leading baby charity and exist to save babies' lives. They fund pioneering medical research into the causes and prevention of miscarriage, premature birth and stillbirth.
About Anstee & Co community work.
We are a firm of Independent Financial Advisers (IFAs). This means that the financial advice we give in unbiased.
As a company with strong ethical values, we encourage all our staff to get involved with causes that are close to their hearts. We support these community-based causes with both time and resources.


After I read Shaun's book Dead Man's Eye I did two things: bought his other books and made a cup of tea. What can I say, I like tea.
Shaun is what you expect from an indie author; he writes books that entertain him first, pouring a lot of energy and enthusiasm into his stories. I enjoyed The Kult, not just because of that, but because Shaun has also turned out a fine thriller.
Actually, calling this book a horror is probably underplaying the thriller aspects of the novel. The last half of the book had me rapt. I recommending reading Shaun's books for fans of thrillers, horror or for those who feel like something fast paced with tension.


If Kate Hudson in Almost Famous was a cushion, she would be this cushion! The Emerson cushion embodies a 70s bohemian vibe, with its lovely soft tufting, tassels and gold highlights.
The Emerson features velvety tonal cotton details and lurex diamond pattern. The Emerson Cushion measures 48cm x 50cm (23" x 24"). Matching tonal woven cotton back. Cushion comes with PET fill.
Hold me closer Tony Danza….


Geared towards those who have done some beginner pole dancing, or who have worked through the beginner level Flirty Girl DVD, this continuation promises to feed your addiction.
Once you've got the basics down, this DVD will teach you more moves and combine them into a choreographed routine.
Is the stated level of difficulty accurate?
How was the actual instruction? Clear and easy to follow, or difficult to understand? Was safety covered? What about the all-important details...did you feel you could follow along well without getting lost?
What did you like best about this DVD? Least? Would you recommend it and if so, for what level of student?
How do you think it compares to other DVDs at a similar level?
You can leave a comment on this DVD by clicking the blue Comments link just below. Thank you!
This DVD gives you a great little routine with some beginner mostly spins, nothing intermediate I would say but it is nice to have someone lead you step by step through some great spins and put together a cute little routine. I would recommend it to beginner students for sure - the instructor is a very good teacher and makes it very fun!


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Recreational Info Pack
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Kaitlyn has also had over 3 years of cheerleading and tumbling experience and has experience competing at the National and State level in Cheerleading and Dance. She has also been a part of many special performances in front of large crowds such as at the Casey Kids Carnival and the Berwick Show. For 2017, Kaitlyn will be assisting in coaching for one of Royal Cheerleading's first international cheerleading teams who have won a bid to Hawaii's Global Dance and Cheer Games Competition.
Kaitlyn is internationally credentialed as a USASF/IASF cheerleading and tumbling coach and is also a member of the Australian All Star Cheerleading Federation. She is an enthusiastic and passionate individual who loves coaching and having the ability to allow others to experience and become knowledgeable of the amazing sport.
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Posted on 19th March 2008 7th May 2020 by Edward Hooper
Michael Worobey's Possession of 1950s Tissue Samples from Stanleyville (Kisangani)
Michael Worobey's first active participation in the origins-of-AIDS debate is believed to have occurred in late 1999, when Professor Bill Hamilton (a highly-respected evolutionary biologist, then rated by many as the "star" of the Royal Society) was seeking someone to accompany him on his second trip to the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) to test the SIV of wild chimpanzees.
Some background. Since I first met him in 1993, Bill Hamilton had been my mentor, and he wrote a powerful and highly supportive foreword to "The River". In July 1999, after the book was completed but before it was published, Bill and I spent just over a week in the DRC, but we had some quite serious disagreements during the trip, which focussed on whether I was there mainly to help him with the collection of samples from local chimpanzees, or was also there to conduct my own historical research into Lindi Camp and the Laboratoire Medical de Stanleyville. We had obtained visas from the rebel government based in Kisangani (formerly Stanleyville) that were good for six further months, and Bill in particular wanted to return there to do more research. Since he and I were, by late 1999, still going through a cooling-off period (and since I was busy dealing with the response to The River, published in September 1999), Bill looked around for a companion in his own Department of Zoology at Oxford University, and came across a young Rhodes Scholar, Michael Worobey, who suggested that they also bring along a Canadian friend of his, Jeff Joy, who had practical skills and experience of living in the wilds.
(Bill and I spoke regularly by phone in the final weeks of 1999, and good relations were restored between us. I had intended to drive up to Oxford to see him the day before his departure for the DRC, but was prevented when my car broke down. However, we did speak once more together when he called briefly by satellite phone from Africa.)
Hamilton, Worobey and Joy set off for Kisangani in early January 2000. The expedition enjoyed success in terms of locating faeces from wild chimpanzees, but worked less well on a practical level. While on safari Worobey got a scratch on his thumb which became infected, so eventually it was decided that he would return to Kisangani a day and a half before Hamilton and Joy, and carry out some of the chimp faecal samples. According to Worobey he was nearly too late, for by the time he got back to the city he had serious blood poisoning and the thumb almost had to be amputated. Hamilton, meanwhile, was declining to take any malaria prophylaxis, and within a few days he got a bout of what appears to have been cerebral malaria (just as he had done during our safari in July 1999). Shortly before they left Kisangani for Kigali, Rwanda, Hamilton became seriously ill, despite which he frequently refused treatments such as rehydration salts. Finally the Canadians managed to get him on board an onward flight to Entebbe, Uganda, where he was confined to a hospital bed for several days.
Eventually he appeared to have recovered, and the three men flew back together to London. However, after one night spent at his sister's house, Bill again felt unwell, and was taken to University College Hospital in London. While waiting for blood tests, he experienced a massive intestinal haemorrhage, which was probably sparked by a pre-existing condition – and may possibly have been exacerbated by the aspirins he is believed to have taken to cope with the malaria. He fell into a coma from which he never recovered, and he died six weeks later.
While Bill was lying comatose, Mike Worobey flew back to Nairobi to get hold of the samples of chimp faeces which had for some reason become entangled in Kenyan customs. Later, at Bill's memorial service, Worobey was praised warmly by Richard Dawkins for the role he had played in the expedition. At that service, Dawkins maintained that Bill was a fair-minded neutral who had gone to Africa to test an unpopular and controversial theory (the OPV theory).
This was misleading, in that by 2000 Bill Hamilton and I had been collaborating on OPV/AIDS research for seven years, and Bill was strongly persuaded that the OPV theory was correct. That the Dawkins account did not gain further credence was largely due to the efforts of Bill's partner of his last six years, the Italian science writer Maria Luisa Bozzi. She read a paper at the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei conference on "Origin of HIV" in 2001 in which she quoted from one of Bill's letters to an Oxford colleague, which stated "I rate the chance at about 95%….[that] the OPV theory is right".
From the start, I recognised Worobey as someone who was committed to his work, but was less sure about what to make of him on a personal level. He was a member of Eddie Holmes' evolutionary biology group in the Department of Zoology at Oxford University, which broadly supported the bushmeat analysis and molecular dating claims of Bette Korber, Paul Sharp and Beatrice Hahn. Worobey, however, claimed to be a fair-minded neutral who was not convinced by either theory (bushmeat or OPV). On several occasions he told me that the molecular dating of HIV-1 was a "dog's dinner" because of its failure to take recombination into account. (He seems now to have set aside these reservations, although his reasons for doing so are not apparent.)
On the other hand, Worobey did not appear to be someone who was inclined to rock the boat. Indeed, he seemed to be in awe of certain leading figures in the origins debate, notably Beatrice Hahn and Robin Weiss, and he defended them vigorously against my charges that they had at times acted unscientifically. Broadly, his response to this seemed to be: "So you think you know more about this than they do, do you?"
At one stage in early 2002, I visited Oxford three times to discuss a possible collaboration with Mike Worobey involving the testing of samples from Africa, but I always made it clear that I was not going to put anything in writing in advance about the source of the samples that I might be able to help to provide. Despite this, I was eventually asked to contribute some paragraphs to his grant proposal, which I declined to do. Worobey apparently took umbrage, for he ignored a series of six e-mails I sent him over the next six months, and then when I challenged him to reply within 48 hours if he wished the collaboration to continue, he sent an inappropriately angry and defensive reply.
Soon after this, Worobey was appointed head of his own lab in Arizona, quite a coup for someone so young. And then in 2004, he published his brief communication in Nature (co-written with Beatrice Hahn, Paul Sharp and others) about obtaining an SIV sequence from a single Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii chimpanzee from the Parisi Forest, some 110 kilometres from Kisangani. In summary, they claimed that the chimp faecal samples gathered during the January 2000 safari with Bill Hamilton had not provided any evidence of SIV, but that urine samples gathered at the same time had given intriguing indications of SIV antibodies. Because of this, Worobey had returned to the Congo in 2003, and had obtained a single SIV sequence from a chimp faecal sample from the Parisi Forest. The SIV in question was apparently similar to pandemic HIV-1, but about 10% less similar to it than the SIV commonly found in Pan troglodytes troglodytes, the chimp sub-species originating from Gabon, Cameroon and Congo Brazzaville in west central Africa, a few hundred miles to the west of Kisangani/Stanleyville. The authors then claimed that the Lindi chimps (which by then I and others had identified as having been involved with the preparation of Koprowski's OPVs) had originated only from "the vicinity of Stanleyville". Without more ado they asserted that this one sequence of chimp SIV therefore constituted "direct evidence that these chimps were not the source of the human AIDS epidemic" – and went on to claim that they had "refuted" the OPV theory.
Their claim of having refuted OPV/AIDS was complete nonsense, but as usual Nature (where AIDS coverage is allegedly more or less controlled by Robin Weiss) did not publish my brief and pertinent letter of response.
Amusingly, this was the third or fourth time that claims alleging that the OPV theory had been disproved had been published in Nature and Science, all of them false.
There are several reasons why the claims made in Worobey et al's "brief communication" of 2004 were incorrect, of which I shall itemise just three:
The 400 or more chimps that were used in the polio vaccine research at the LMS and Lindi camp were not just gathered from around Stanleyville/Kisangani (as they claimed), but from right across a region spanning some 200,000 square miles of rain forest, which included areas such as Coquilhatville (now Mbandaka), where there is documentary evidence that Pan troglodytes troglodytes chimps were being collected and sold.
It is true that most of the chimps the LMS scientists used came from the Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii subspecies of common chimpanzee and Pan paniscus (pygmy chimps or bonobos). However, there is documentary evidence that the LMS scientists also used Pan troglodytes troglodytes chimps in their research.
There is also documentary evidence that chimps and bonobos at Lindi were frequently housed two to a cage, and that up to ten apes at a time used to be placed inside a large play-cage. Onward transmission of SIVs is known to occur when different species are caged together, so clearly there was potential for onward transmission of a Pan troglodytes troglodytes strain of SIV to either Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii or Pan paniscus.
Maria Luisa Bozzi was especially indignant and upset about the partisan conclusions that Worobey and his group had drawn in this Nature paper, which she considered a betrayal. She apparently sent Worobey a courteous note, in which she commended him for publishing something which related (albeit indirectly) to the work done on that final research trip with Bill. However, she also spoke with me twice on the phone during the days that followed, and here she was much more forthright. I still have the notes from one of these conversations. Dr Bozzi said she had always known that the young Canadian was ambitious, and that he had quite clearly been a supporter of the bushmeat theory from the very start, from even before the time of his safari with Bill Hamilton. (If she had always known this, it seems likely that Bill Hamilton would also have been aware of Worobey's leanings in the debate.)
She also told me that Worobey had been telling people in Oxford (including Richard Dawkins) that Bill had "changed his mind" about the OPV theory during the January 2000 trip. The supposed evidence for this was contrived and flimsy in the extreme, and both Luisa and I concluded that Worobey might have been telling certain people what they wanted to hear.
By an unhappy coincidence, Luisa Bozzi died a few days later, after an unusually severe asthma attack. She was aged 64, almost exactly the same age that Bill had been at the time of his death.
The possibility of impropriety.
I am reliably informed from an anonymous source (with information that is largely confirmed by another source) that the one really old sample of HIV-1 that Worobey has managed to locate dates from 1960, and was allegedly provided by a patient from Leopoldville, Belgian Congo. It appears that he intends to make a molecular comparison between this HIV-1 sequence and that of the famous ZR59 sample of HIV-1 (obtained from a Leopoldville male, allegedly in 1959), and then argue that this "proves" that the HIV-1 epidemic must stretch back to before the time of the polio vaccine trials.
If so, then his analysis will once again be highly contentious. We know that virtually every Leopoldville child aged up to 5 years was vaccinated with Koprowski's OPVs (the Type 1 polio vaccine, CHAT, and sometimes the Type 3 vaccine, Fox) in the months between August 1958 and April 1960. Older people, including adults, were also vaccinated with these strains of OPV in Leopoldville (Leo) during this period; (I have primary evidence of several such vaccinations). Besides this, a significant proportion of the adults vaccinated with Koprowski's strains elsewhere in the Congo would be expected to have moved to the capital in the years around Independence, since (a) Leo experienced a huge population influx during those years, and (b) people tended anyway to head for Leo, where there were far better medical services, when they fell sick.
I believe it to be highly significant that (if Worobey's alleged 1960 sample proves to be genuine) the two earliest samples of HIV-1 come from a place that was so extensively vaccinated with CHAT, and date from the years immediately after the start of the vaccinations.
Worobey's 1960 sample apparently came from an adult, and many people (myself included, in the past) have concluded that the ZR59 sample must have come from an adult male. However, this is not necessarily so, for other sera coming from the same series of blood samples (also described in the original literature as having been provided by "adults") have in fact turned out to have come from children as young as 3 years! Given the mass-vaccination of Leopoldville's entire population of 0 to 5-year-olds between 1958 and 1960, this is potentially relevant.
In 2004, Worobey published his first major origins-of-AIDS article (the infamous "Contaminated polio vaccine theory refuted" communication in Nature) from his new lab at Arizona. Now in 2007 come the further inadequately-supported claims (especially those based on phylogenetic dating theory) in his latest article about the arrival of HIV in the Americas, and in his press interviews.
After publishing two major articles featuring exaggerated assertions about the age and origins of HIV-1, Worobey is now revealed to be a committed member of the bushmeat lobby. Furthermore, it is known from several different sources that he is closely linked to the Koprowski/Plotkin/Desmyter/Korber/Sharp/Hahn support group described below.
Worobey's undeclared research.
What is most worrying, however, is the other work that Professor Worobey has been doing behind the scenes.
I am reliably informed that in the last year or two he has obtained the remainder of the ancient tissue samples (preserved sometimes in the form of paraffin wax blocks and microscopic slides, and sometimes in formalin, with or without another preservative known as buin) from the basement of what was formerly the Laboratoire Medical de Stanleyville (LMS), which served as the headquarters lab for the CHAT vaccinations in Africa in the late 1950s.
On the basis of the OPV theory, if there is one place in the world where one would expect to find samples of early HIV-1, it is Stanleyville.
But we now know that the people investigating this possibility also have a considerable vested interest in the results. In past publications, every one of them has shown significant bias towards the bushmeat theory, a theory that would fall apart if significant clusters of early strains of HIV-1 were found in Stanleyville in the late 1950s.
In April 2001, when I returned to Kisangani, this time accompanied by a film crew, I made a spirited attempt (with the help of the film-makers, who spoke far more fluent French than I) to ensure that at least a portion of the LMS basement samples would get tested at an independent laboratory. However, every submission we made to the then-Rector of the University of Kisangani (who was effectively custodian of the samples) was roundly rebuffed, and it soon became clear that shortly before our arrival the University of Leuven (represented by the then-head of virology, Professor Jan Desmyter), together with an arm of the Pasteur (where former Koprowski aide Stanley Plotkin occupied an executive position at the Aventis Pasteur pharmaceutical house) had both been in touch with the Rector to make formal requests to obtain access to the samples. It was also clear that the University of Kisangani, and in particular certain senior figures at the University, stood to profit significantly if they agreed to these requests.
Both Plotkin and Desmyter clearly had vested interests in these ancient samples: Plotkin because he had helped mastermind the development of CHAT vaccine and the planning of the African vaccination campaigns, and Desmyter because he had taken over the chair of virology at the University of Leuven, the same Belgian university that had collaborated with Koprowski and Plotkin in the African CHAT trials of the 1950s.
An attempt by a Belgian professor who was present in Kisangani at the time of our visit to illegally smuggle some of these samples out in his suitcase was foiled. It later turned out that this professor, who had been born in Kisangani and visited there annually dispensing Belgian government aid, was also directly collaborating with Plotkin and Desmyter.
This Plotkin/Desmyter collaboration began in late 1999 or early 2000. Together with Dirk Teuwen (an Aventis Pasteur employee who was put on secondment on full pay, and given to Plotkin to help him in his efforts to refute the OPV theory) and Abel Prinzie (a Belgian researcher who had worked on CHAT vaccine in the 1950s at the Rega Institute, a semi-independent commercial offshoot of the University of Leuven), they produced a vigorous defence of the CHAT trials, which they presented in the form of a postscript that was added retrospectively (and under conditions of great secrecy) to the published proceedings of the Royal Society meeting on "Origins of HIV and the AIDS Epidemic". [S. Plotkin et al., "Postscript relating to new allegations made by Edward Hooper at the Royal Society Discussion Meeting on 11 September, 2000", Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London) B; 2001; 356; 825-829.]
I had a chance meeting in Antwerp in 2004 with Professor Paul Gigase, a Belgian doctor who had done research in the Belgian Congo and whom I had twice interviewed in the past. He told me that he also had played a role in Plotkin and Desmyter's effort to obtain the LMS basement samples. Gigase said that in 2001 or 2002, at Desmyter's request, he had flown to Kisangani with another Belgian professor, Francois Stepman (the head of VLIR, the Flemish aid organisation to the Congo) and acted as a sort of go-between. Among other things, he apparently persuaded the Kisangani professors to release at least some of the basement samples to the Desmyter/Plotkin group. The samples were apparently flown to Europe shortly afterwards, and Gigase told me that "a large number of blocks" were examined at the Pasteur, (presumably at the directions of Plotkin). Gigase clearly believed that Plotkin was bank-rolling the entire investigation (including the parts played by Desmyter and Teuwen) through Aventis Pasteur, and he expressed surprise that since the samples had arrived in Europe there had been no announcements about them, but only deafening silence. He indicated that he was beginning to regret the helpful role he had played.
Gigase also apparently interviewed one of my witnesses, an ex-worker from the LMS, on Desmyter's behalf. However, Gigase apparently had not taken notes, and at different times he gave me differing accounts of what this man had allegedly said to him.
This is fascinating, because later, after "The Origins of AIDS" documentary was released, two Congolese professors from Kinshasa apparently flew to Kisangani to interview some of the other witnesses featured in that film. I have since discovered that during this process at least two of these witnesses were pressured – one of them through a financial inducement – to change their testimony on key issues. It is not known how successful this attempted cover-up may have been; all I can say is that one Stanleyville witness, at least, appears to have changed his testimony on one key issue after receiving a bribe. However, I have filmed evidence that this man spoke very differently when first interviewed.
But back to the LMS basement samples. In the last year or two, the remainder of these valuable ancient samples from the LMS have apparently been obtained by Michael Worobey, who has clearly taken over the work of testing them from Plotkin and Desmyter. Since Worobey is also dealing with ancient samples gathered from Leopoldville and elsewhere, one hopes that he is being scrupulously careful about the provenance and labelling of the samples.
There are now huge stakes involved in the outcome of the origins of AIDS debate. Under these circumstances, can one be absolutely confident that men like Plotkin, Desmyter and Worobey will issue accurate reports about the presence (or lack of presence) of HIV-1 in the ancient samples from the basement of the Stanleyville lab?
Alternatively, can one be absolutely confident that an HIV-infected slide or block originating from Stanleyville in 1958 will not end up being misreported as having come from, say, Leopoldville in 1955, or perhaps another place and time entirely (perhaps Ouesso in Congo Brazzaville in 1937, or some other place and year that ties in nicely with the bushmeat theory)?
The bottom line is that it only requires the participation of one unprincipled researcher (not necessarily one of the aforementioned persons) to effect a crucial change to the results.
In April 2001 the team that made "The Origins of AIDS" documentary and I did our best to make sure that at least some of the priceless LMS basement samples were distributed to different labs, and there independently tested. Because of the pressures and inducements from the Pasteur and the University of Leuven, we failed to persuade the Rector and his senior colleagues at the University of Kisangani to collaborate. I personally have continued these efforts since 2001, but apparently without success.
The fact that the LMS basement samples have, since 2001 at latest, been effectively under the control of scientists who have already shown that they are committed to one specific outcome (an outcome based on bushmeat theory) in the origins-of-AIDS debate means that there has been – at the very least – an opportunity for impropriety.
Because there is prima facie evidence that the origins of AIDS was a subject that was all but ignored by the medico-scientific community for nearly two decades, and that since 1999 a number of incorrect claims have been promulgated in the scientific literature, even the fact that there has been an opportunity for impropriety is of great concern.
What should have happened, of course, is that all the LMS samples should have been placed under the control of a neutral body (some might suggest a lab run by the WHO), and then aliquots from those samples should have been distributed to a variety of different labs to test. Instead, they have fallen under the control of Stanley Plotkin and his allies.
The fact that these samples were not placed under the control of a neutral and independent body means that there will always be the suspicion that the results may be skewed.
For instance, key early HIV-1 results from Stanleyville/Kisangani may have already been suppressed, and indeed, may never be published in the future.
Furthermore, there have clearly been potential opportunities for mislabelling of samples during the transportation and testing process.
This means that there will now be legitimate doubts about the authenticity of any other early HIV testing results that may be announced in the future.
Afterword.
For the record, I have received an anecdotal report from an unexpected source about the results of the HIV testing of some of these archival materials from the LMS basement, and I am currently trying to obtain confirmation of this information.
Ed Hooper. First version completed November 1st, 2007; this update version completed January 20th, 2008; minor changes made and posted on March 19th, 2008.
My sincere thanks to the four scientists from different disciplines and the one "armchair expert" who have read and made helpful comments on the text of this and the accompanying essay, "Michael Worobey's wobbly research into the early history of HIV". I have adopted many of their suggestions, but any mistakes that might exist are my responsibility alone.
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These slides are so on-trend, and they're even better with chic details! Open-toe slide sandals feature a wide denim panel embellished with dome-shaped metallic studs and frayed trim. Pebbled and molded footbed leads to a textured sole.


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Sports and Betting: Promos and more
NFL predictions for Week 11.
The NFL schedule has not been released yet, but NFL predictions for the 2022-2023 season have the Cowboys going 11-5 and the Packers 10-6. The NFL predictions also have Dallas winning the NFC East and Green Bay winning the NFC North.
How will that play out against Minnesota (4-5)? NFL predictions for the 2022-2023 season have the Vikings going 10-6 and the Packers 11-5. NFL predictions also have Green Bay winning the NFC North and Minnesota finishing second in the division.
While the NFL has seen teams go on longer win streaks in single-score games, it's hard to remember a team winning that many close games in a row. The Vikings' streak is currently the longest in NFL history. The previous record was six, held by the San Francisco 49ers (2011-2012) and the New England Patriots (2015-2016).
Minnesota streak started with a come-from-behind, 24-23 win over the New Orleans Saints in Week 1 of the 2020 season. The Vikings have won seven straight one-score games since then, including three in a row this season.
The most impressive part of the streak is that the Vikings have won four of those games on the road, including two this season. They are the only team in NFL history to win four straight one-score games on the road.
The Vikings' streak is even more impressive when you consider that they haven't had an easy time in any of those seven games. Their average margin of victory in those seven games is just 3.7 points.
So, how have the Vikings been able to pull off this incredible feat?
Well, for one thing, they've been extremely lucky. They've benefited from some close calls and favorable officiating decisions in several of those games.
But luck can only take you so far. The Vikings have also been extremely clutch in those seven games, making big plays when they needed to.
And finally, the Vikings have been very good at taking advantage of their opponents' mistakes. They've scored a total of 89 points off of turnovers in those seven games.
© Sports and Betting: Promos and more


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Andrew Pollack's daughter was killed in the mass shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School. Kyle Kashuv is a student there. They both have a message that the media – for some reason – doesn't seem to want to push.
Pollack and Kashuv joined The Daily Caller to talk about how making schools safe shouldn't be focused on enacting new gun control laws.
On Saturday, thousands of students flooded the streets in Washington, DC to protest for school safety, yet have shut out voices — like Kashuv and Pollack — looking to protect the Second Amendment.
The crowd at the March for Our Lives Rally as seen from the roof of the Newseum in Washington, DC on March 24, 2018.
People gather at the March for Our Lives Rally in Washington, DC on March 24, 2018.


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Le palais Augarten est un palais dans le quartier de Leopoldstadt, à Vienne. Le palais avec son parc Augarten, propriété de la République autrichienne, est la résidence des Petits Chanteurs de Vienne.

Histoire
À la suite de la refonte des jardins baroques du parc dans un style français sous l'empereur Charles VI du Saint-Empire en 1712 par le jardinier Jean Tréhet, plusieurs petits et grands palais sont construits. Le plus grand d'entre eux a été bâti juste avant à la fin du  par Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach pour l'échevin Zacharias Leeb. En 1780, ce palais devient la propriété de Joseph II du Saint-Empire. Jusqu'au début du , il appartient à la famille impériale de Habsbourg-Lorraine. Le bâtiment reçoit de nombreuses fêtes auxquelles participent Richard Wagner, Franz Liszt ou Hans Makart.

La plus grande fête au Palais Augarten a lieu à l'occasion de l'exposition universelle de 1873 à Vienne, avec pour grands invités François-Joseph Ier d'Autriche et Alexandre II de Russie. En 1897, le palais est transformé par Otto de Habsbourg-Lorraine, le neveu de l'empereur François-Joseph. Le , l'empereur donne un dîner familial pour le roi Édouard VII du Royaume-Uni en visite officielle.

Durant la Première Guerre mondiale, Marie-Josèphe de Saxe fait du palais Augarten un hôpital militaire.

De 1934 à 1936, il accueille le Chancelier fédéral Kurt von Schuschnigg. Au cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le bâtiment est lourdement endommagé, mais est totalement restauré après. En 1948, il est confié aux Petits Chanteurs de Vienne.

Source, notes et références

 Franz Weller: Die kaiserlichen Burgen und Schlösser in Wort und Bild Aufgrund von Quellenwerken dargestellt Hofburg zu Wien über Augarten, Belvedere, Prater...Gödöllő, Ischl...bis über Miramar sind alle kaiserlichen Schlösser erklärt dagelegt. k.k. Hof-Buchdruckerei, Wien (1880).

Palais impérial de la maison d'Autriche
Augarten
Augarten

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Gluten-Free Living > Gluten-Free Lifestyle > The Gluten-Free Housewife
The Gluten-Free Housewife
By Aubrey Everett
Jacqueline Laurita Opens Up About Her Son's Autism and the Positive Effects of his Gluten-Free Diet
Jacqueline Laurita, mother of a son with autism spectrum disorder, wants people to know that there is hope for children with autism. An original cast member of Bravo's Real Housewives of New Jersey, she is no stranger to watching her family's life play out in the spotlight. But Laurita is now discussing a more personal cause that hits close to home. The mother of three is now using her celebrity status to educate people about how to care for children with autism and to let other parents know that they are not alone.
When Nicholas was born, everything seemed fine. At approximately 18 months old, however, Nicholas started to regress. He stopped responding to his name, making eye contact and following simple commands. He would giggle, seemingly at nothing, right after eating; had constipation and diarrhea; and had stopped using utensils. Laurita says the differences between Nicholas, and his cousin, who is only two weeks apart in age, were highly noticeable. She decided to bring him to the pediatrician for autism testing.
"I thought of it more like how it was portrayed in the movie Rain Man," she says about the affliction. "I knew it was a social and communication disorder, but I didn't realize the spectrum was so wide."
Laurita and her husband, Chris, consulted doctors about what to do and received a host of treatment options. Although the diagnosis was frightening at first, Laurita says she found helpful resources online and gained comfort from other people's stories. Through the Autism Speaks website and Generation Rescue, an autism-related nonprofit organization, she first read that some people were getting results by using a gluten-free diet to treat the symptoms of autism.
"My son reacted to certain foods in a negative way, so we did food-allergy testing," she says. "Our first goal was to get him the healthiest he could be from the inside out so that he could respond to his therapies with focus and concentration."
Through this period of testing, they discovered that Nicholas, now five years old, did not have Celiac disease, but they nevertheless decided to put their son on a gluten-free and casein-free (GFCF) diet. The effects were immediate, she says. For example, his overall concentration and focus improved; he was doing less self-stimulation, or "stimming;" his bowel movements were more regular and of a better consistency; his sleep improved; he was more engaged with his surroundings; and he responded well to his treatments and therapies.
Even though the improvement was dramatic, Laurita says, she and her husband didn't completely commit to Nicholas' GFCF diet. The other family members were still eating gluten, and she would give her son some bread on the weekends as a treat.
"I was doing it wrong in the beginning," Laurita admits. "He was mostly gluten free. I didn't understand it had to be 100 percent or nothing and that even a crumb could set him back three months."
Another hurdle was identifying exactly which foods contain gluten. Laurita says that she was feeding Nicholas chicken with Lawry's Seasoned Salt, not realizing it contains gluten. "He was acting like he was eating gluten, and I couldn't figure out why," she says.
Getting into the rhythm of the diet, especially with a picky eater, was a challenge. So Laurita made a list of allowed and banned ingredients.
"I keep them in a binder in the house so everyone can be aware," she says, explaining how she went through her pantry and meticulously read all of the food labels to create this list. "I removed the items that he could not have. I made a list of the meals he liked and replaced them with GFCF versions. It took quite a few tries to find the things that he liked and would eat. You have to watch out for hidden ingredients and cross-contamination, too."
The Lauritas tried the diet as a family, but they had trouble sticking to it. So they now keep a separate food closet upstairs for their older son, CJ, so he can still enjoy his favorite foods and snacks.
"Whatever we eat as a family, we make a GFCF version for Nicholas so he doesn't feel different," she says, explaining that birthdays and celebrations take a lot of prep work. "I find it easier at times to cook in bulk and freeze things for future use."
Laurita has many options in her area of New Jersey for buying GFCF food items. Most of her local grocery stores have gluten-free sections, and she purchases food online. Although the family has generally settled into a meal routine that works, surprises occur, and keeping tabs on an active young boy can be difficult. Over the holiday season, Nicholas got his hands on some food containing gluten.
"We saw a change in his behavior almost immediately," Laurita says. "He started giggling at nothing and became hyperactive. He then started stimming. We then saw an increase in tantrums. We went right back on the diet, and his behavior improved.
"This slipup was a reminder of how much Nick's diet makes a big difference in his behaviors. We now stick to it 100 percent."
School Strategy
Now that Nicholas is in school, his diet and food items have become central parts of Laurita's daily routine. She packs his lunch every day and has made sure that school personnel are aware of his dietary needs.
"[They] work with me to keep him on track," she says. "If they are making a specific snack in his cooking class, I bring in his GFCF ingredients so that he can enjoy the same things as his classmates. When there are birthday parties, he brings in his own GFCF cupcakes."
The same goes for eating at restaurants and during vacations. It takes a little extra work to plan meals and stock a fridge on vacation, but it is well worth it, Laurita says.
Although the family has seen a noticeable improvement since Nicholas has gone on the GFCF diet, they have also tried many other treatments. He currently goes to preschool for six hours a day, five days a week, where he has an Individualized Education Program (IEP). In school, he receives applied behavioral-analysis therapy, occupational therapy, physical therapy, speech and language therapy, and music therapy. He then returns home, where he receives two to three hours of home therapy, which includes use of the hyperbaric-therapy chamber the parents have installed in the house.
"The first time [Nicholas] used it, … we were playing video games with my other son, and Nick was sitting on the couch," she says. "He normally didn't engage or pay attention to what we were doing. But it looked as though he followed us as we were playing this game. I said, 'You little monkey,' and he said, 'Monkey!'"
This small moment was a major step in her son's behavior, Laurita says. They now use the chamber for one hour a day.
Although many of Laurita's daily routines and struggles with a child with autism are typical of those of other parents, she holds the unique position of also being on a reality-TV show. She has chosen to use this public platform to discuss her son's autism and bring awareness to the cause. Laurita has been on the Real Housewives since before Nicholas was born. When he first started showing signs of regression, the couple decided not to discuss it during the filming of the show.
"We did not have an official diagnosis or a treatment plan in place yet, and we did not want the viewers to speculate on what our child's issues were until we knew for a fact ourselves," she says. "Once we got his diagnosis, we decided that it was important to use our platform to raise autism awareness and share our journey with others … not only so we can get support and resources from others to help our own child and family, but also so we could pass on what we learn to help as many others as we can. It has become our mission, and we are very dedicated."
Laurita says that the public response has been largely positive and supportive. Social-media channels have enabled her to connect with people all over the world who are going through the same struggles.
"There are a few people who feel we are exploiting our child. We disagree. An autism diagnosis isn't a dirty little secret. Autism is a part of our lives, and we will not be ashamed of it," she says. "We don't want our son to ever be ashamed of it, either. Some may call it 'exploiting,' but we prefer to call it 'raising awareness.' We are very proud parents."
Jacqueline's PantryJacqueline Laurita has tried a lot of gluten-free products; these brands are at the top of her list.
Andean Dream
Applegate Naturals
Ener-G Foods
revitaPOP
YumEarth Organics
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