text:
PhotoPhoto Essay
Media Works - Presses on a Roll
Chai Kyu-min Reporter | earthine@hotmail.com
FOR THOSE Yonseians who may have taken a closer look at their tuition fees this semester, they might've have noticed a category designated "Yonsei Chunchu," and "broadcasting fee." Fees in this category are distributed to Yonsei's three official presses: the Yonsei Chunchu, The Yonsei Annals, and the YBS (Yonsei Educational Broadcasting Station).
Students question how these groups work and where their money is going, because ₩5,900 for the "Yonsei Chunchu," and ₩1,500 for the "broadcasting fee" from each student of Yonsei, including graduate students, result in enough money to spark interest and perhaps concern. Although information concerning the broadcast and periodicals is open to anyone, not all are satisfied with the Yonsei's current standards. The lack of communication between the student body and the student press is also an on-going problem.
Taking a closer look at how these media prepare, cover, edit, and represent their products may give students a better basis for understanding, and perhaps improve the student presses' productions.
YBS (Yonsei Educational Broadcasting Station)
Due to the construction of the second Central Library, Yonsei's three presses have moved their offices out of Chunchu Hall. Accordingly, YBS has moved its broadcasting station and main offices to room 605 and 610 in the General Classroom Complex. YBS is in charge of all audio and visual news and other entertainment programs, which are broadcasted over 40 speakers throughout the campus, uploaded on the Internet, and featured throughout Yonsei's major events, including the Yon-Ko Fete.
YBS takes three steps in producing their annual video clips.
1. "First, for about two months, we brainstorm for any kind of idea that can be applied to the show. Through such spontaneous thinking and repeated discussion come the best material," says Cho Jae-min (Soph., Dept. of Sport and Leisure Studies.), a member who works in the reporting division.
2. Planning assemblies are held from time to time during the brainstorming term in order to decide the main theme of the show based on the ideas that are pooled.
3. A final overnight brainstorming conference is held before actual filming in order to settle on who will be featured, and what machinery and tools will be used. Each team has a month to shoot their programs before the final editing process.
YBS conferences have a very free-flowing atmosphere. This is essential for fresh ideas to pop-up spontaneously during the process. Evaluation conferences, however, held every Friday, with the audience committee, are rather formal and serious. The members discuss the overall setbacks of the week's programs and evaluate the quality of their productions.
On the other hand, YBS's audience committee monitors their work in order to minimize mistakes. This also serves to keep in touch with Yonseians' demand. Currently, 23 staff members in 4 different divisions are concentrating their efforts on the show "Festival in the Woods."
Yonsei Chunchu
Yonsei Chunchu has moved to Miwoo Hall, a recently remodeled office building. The Yonsei Chunchu prints 20,000 copies of their newspaper every Monday during the semester and a special edition for each vacation. Since its primary role is to cover what is going on around campus, Yonsei Chunchu manages three reporting divisions: one covering the Shinchon area, another covering the Won-ju campus, and the last covering graduate students.
"The Yonsei Chunchu tries to maintain a fair and objective point of view on controversial issues around campus, as reporters have easier access to all campus affairs," says Lee Sang-min (Jr., Dept. of Business Admin.), the Editor-in-Chief of the Yonsei Chunchu. Retaining such a viewpoint empowers the articles to keep a critical perspective. With 42 reporters working in 9 different divisions, the Yonsei Chunchu is the largest of the three official presses.
Such a large and busy group can only be managed by efficient communication and well organized division of labor. Every Monday, an item conference is held on what subjects will be written for the current week, followed by an evaluation forum on the previous week's paper. The editor of each division presents the pages they are in charge of and the reporters discuss the merits and demerits of the articles, as well as the layouts.
During the item conference, staff members discuss items for the current week's paper. This is mainly for making small adjustments and giving advice on topics. Most of the items are assembled, retouched and confirmed during the vacation period. These items can be represented as was planned, or new items can be introduced and improved.
Item conferences regarding reporting articles are held every Wednesday, whose participants are the editor of the reporting division and the assistant reporters. Each assistant reporter checks their beats by Wednesday and the editor assigns articles to the writers. Wednesday is also the final date for requesting photographs from the photo division. "Since the photo-journalist have to match their time with other reporters, we must know their schedules in advance," comments Wi Jung-ho (Jr., Dept. of Law), editor of the photo division. "But there are almost always exceptions and photo-journalists always stand-ready."
All 42 reporters gather in the Yonsei Chunchu office every Friday to write, copy-read, and assemble the articles. This often takes more than 24 hours. Over half of the reporters stay overnight and continue working. A small bedroom is arranged inside the office for bushed reporters, but it is never fully occupied. "We stay overnight mostly because of the writing and copy-reading process. Since each phrase makes a difference, we continue rewriting until both the editor and the reporters are satisfied with the finished article," explains Lee Seung-ho (Soph., Dept. of Business Admin.), a reporter of the web-media division. Rearranging the pages with the finished articles is done mostly beginning Saturday morning. Final files are handed to a commissioned printing office Saturday evening and final prints of the newspapers arrive at Yonsei Sunday afternoon.
The Yonsei Annals
The Yonsei Annals has relocated across the hall from the Yonsei Chunchu office. The Yonsei Annals is a monthly English magazine that prints 8,000 copies a month during the semester. There are 6 divisions, and 22 staff members. "Though the The Yonsei Annals is written in English, its first and main target is the average Yonsei student interested in English. We try to convey in-depth information involving various fields of the Korean society especially in the greater international context from a collegiate point of view. Considering that it is written in English and is also delivered to about 90 sister universities around the world, the Annals serves as an important international symbol of Yonsei," says Kong Hyon-bin (Jr., Dept. of Business Admin.), the Editor-in-Chief of the Annals.
Since the Annals focuses on featured articles, five steps are taken for each month's issue:
1. Article topics are selected by popular voting at the "Pre-Editorial Meeting."Each item is carefully perused by the staff and doubts or suggestions are freely articulated and discussed.
2. A "Briefing Conference" is held one week after reporters have begun writing their articles. Periodically, they present drafts and outlines of their articles, along with details as to how they will lay out their pages.
3. Final drafts are submitted after several copy-readings by division editors and guest editors. Each article gets a final proofreading from Yonsei English-language professors.
4. The final layouts are completed and printed in a professional editing and printing office outside of Yonsei.
5. After the printing, reviews are held on what parts need improvement, and what mistakes have been made.
The Annals gathers every Monday and Thursday evening. At each meeting, they have conferences such as the regular Pre-Editorial or occasional seminars on advertisement, design etc. Though reporters don't have to stay up all night every weekend, in the Annals, one seems to feel as busy as reporters in the Yonsei Chunchu.
"It's probably because we work with featured articles," says Kim Keong-hee (Jr., Dept. of Business Admin.), editor of the campus reporting and research division. "The deeper you examine your topic, the better the article gets."
Only a glimpse
This article only presents a simple sketch on how these media work. Every member of the student press devotes nearly two months of each vacation to rigorous training and production. Any comments and encouragements that the reader may wish to offer to Yonsei's three media outlets would be greatly appreciated.
Divisions in YBS
The announcing division / The audio production division / The reporting division / The video production division
Divisions in The Yonsei Annals
The campus reporting division / The research division / The international division / The social division / The culture division / The photo division
Divisions in the Yonsei Chunchu
The 1st, 2nd, and 3rd reporting division / The planned reporting division / The web media division / The social division / The science division / The culture division / The photo division
Although the YBS, the Yonsei Chunchu, and The Yonsei Annals are titled the "three official presses," I never had the chance to know how the other two media strived for their final products. If I wasn't aware of the process, how would other Yonseians know what the student media were doing? This article was written for the many Yonseians who are curious about student press in the hope that greater student participation may provide for further improvements.
Chai Kyu-min Reporter의 다른기사 보기
Chunchu - article writing
Chunchu - interviewing
Chunchu - contending slumber
Chunchu - laying out articles
Chunchu - rewriting
Chunchu - Friday evening at the office
Chunchu - Friday dinner
Chunchu - editing photos
Chunchu - 1:00 a.m. Sunday, to the printing office
Chunchu - bedroom
Chunchu - covering beats
Chunchu - final rearrangements
Chunchu - evaluation forum
Chunchu - photographing
Annals - article writing
Annals - interviewing
Annals - review
Annals - conducting a survey
Annals - briefing
Annals - laying out an article
Annals - coverage
Annals - pre-editorial
Annals - copyreading
Annals - visiting for news beats
YBS - radio broadcasting
YBS - braingstorming
YBS - shooting from a rooftop
YBS - planning assembly
YBS - announcing
YBS - a reassuring smile
YBS - editing visual productions
YBS - shooting for news
YBS - evaluation conference


text:
Die Terrorherrschaft, die Schreckensherrschaft oder der Schrecken (, "der Schrecken") war eine Periode der Französischen Revolution von Anfang Juni 1793 bis Ende Juli 1794, die durch die brutale Unterdrückung aller Personen gekennzeichnet war, die verdächtigt wurden, Gegner der Revolution zu sein. Die Terrorherrschaft war ein Element der Diktatur des Wohlfahrtsausschusses, eines Komitees von zwölf Männern, das zuerst von Georges Danton und dann zunehmend von Maximilien de Robespierre angeführt wurde.

Je nach Schätzung wurden 25.000 bis 40.000 Menschen Opfer des Terrors. Dabei sind die hohen Opferzahlen etwa bei der Niederschlagung des Aufstands in der Vendée nicht vollständig mitgezählt.

Datierung
Für den Beginn der Terrorherrschaft werden in der Forschung unterschiedliche Daten genannt. Jean-François Fayard unterscheidet zwei Phasen des Terrors: Die erste vom Tuileriensturm am 10. August 1792, der zum Sturz Ludwigs XVI. führte, bis zum Zusammentritt des Nationalkonvents und der Ausrufung der Republik am 21. September 1792. Die zweite Phase des Terrors lässt er mit dem Aufstand der Pariser Sansculotten gegen den Konvent vom 31. Mai bis 2. Juni 1793 und dem Sturz der Girondisten angegebenen beginnen. Hans-Ulrich Thamer nennt den Eintritt Robespierres in den Wohlfahrtsausschuss am 27. Juli 1793 als Beginn. Ihren Höhepunkt erreichte die terreur im Juni und Juli 1794; diese Zeit wird auch als Der Große Terror (frz. ) bezeichnet. Sie fand ein Ende mit der Verhaftung und Hinrichtung Robespierres und der Machtübernahme der Thermidorianer am 9. Thermidor II (27. Juli 1794).

Ursachen und Bedingungen

Seit Einführung der Assignaten litt Frankreich unter einer schweren Inflation, was vor allem die ärmeren Bevölkerungsschichten in Paris betraf. Die Sansculotten forderten deshalb Preisgesetze, doch die regierenden Girondisten weigerten sich. Daraufhin kam es zum Aufstand der Pariser Sansculotten vom 31. Mai bis zum 2. Juni 1793, der die Regierung stürzte. Die Wirtschaftspolitik musste sich von nun an den Hauptzielen der Regierung – Ausrüstung der Armee und Überwindung der Hungersnot – völlig unterordnen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden Höchstpreise, das sogenannte Maximum (maximum général), auf die wichtigsten Waren festgesetzt. Dadurch konnten die staatlichen Aufkäufer billiges Getreide für die Armee erwerben. Zu den relativ niedrigen Preisen konnten sich die Armen ausreichend versorgen. Die Pariser gehörten deshalb zu den Unterstützern der Terrorherrschaft. Es entstand aber auch das Problem des Schwarzmarktes. Der Wohlfahrtsausschuss kämpfte mit drakonischen Maßnahmen dagegen an, indem er die Todesstrafe gegen "Horter" und "Wucherer" festlegte.

Der Nationalkonvent beschloss am 5. September 1793 unter dem Druck der Septemberbewegung, die das Gebäude besetzt hielt, die Einführung von Terrormaßnahmen zur Unterdrückung aller "konterrevolutionären" Aktivitäten. Etwa 21.000 "Überwachungsausschüsse" wurden gebildet. Das Revolutionstribunal führte als Gerichtshof die Prozesse gegen politische Angeklagte. Gegen seine Urteile war keine Berufung möglich. Ähnliche Tribunale gab es auch in den Provinzen. Gemeinsam mit dem Wohlfahrtsausschuss beriet sich wöchentlich der Sicherheitsausschuss. Dieser beauftragte die Revolutionskomitees mit der listenmäßigen Erfassung von verdächtigen Personen. Am 17. September 1793 wurde das Gesetz über die Verdächtigen beschlossen: Adlige, ehemalige Beamte des Ancien Régimes, Spekulanten, heimgekehrte Emigranten und überhaupt alle, die nicht Gewähr boten, jederzeit für die Revolution einzustehen, wurden auf eigene Kosten unbefristet in Haft genommen. Dies betraf zwischen 300.000 und 800.000 Personen, also 1–4 % der Bevölkerung Frankreichs.

Mit dem Gesetz vom 22. Prairial vom 10. Juni 1794 begann die Grande Terreur: Die Todesstrafe wurde gegen alle "Feinde des Volkes" verbindlich festgeschrieben. Die vage Definition öffnete der Denunziation Tür und Tor.

Robespierre rechtfertigte den Terror mit seinem Ziel, der Tugend. In einem "Tugendstaat" seien "das Volk durch Vernunft zu leiten und die Feinde des Volkes durch terreur zu beherrschen", erklärte er am 5. Februar 1794 vor dem Nationalkonvent:

Wenn die Republik von innen und von außen bedroht sei, bedürfe es des Schreckens, "ohne den die Tugend ohnmächtig ist." Die Radikalisierung und Brutalisierung der französischen Revolution wurde mit dem Ersten Koalitionskrieg, der seit 1792 von Österreich und Preußen, dann auch von Großbritannien zur Rettung der französischen und zur Verteidigung der eigenen Monarchien geführt wurde, sowie durch innere Aufstände gesteigert.

Opfer

Opfergruppen
Dem Terror zum Opfer fielen ganz unterschiedliche Gruppen. Zum einen standen diejenigen Priester, die sich weigerten, den Eid auf die Verfassung zu leisten, im Fokus der Revolutionstribunale. Auch Adlige und zurückgekehrte Emigranten wurden als Feinde der Revolution angeklagt. Geschäftsleute und allgemein alle Wohlhabenden, denen unterstellt wurde, gegen das Preismaximum zu verstoßen, wurden guillotiniert. Als ihre Interessenvertreter wurden die wirtschaftsliberalen Girondisten angesehen und ebenfalls verfolgt. Zu ihnen gehörte auch Charlotte Corday, die am 13. Juli 1793 Jean-Paul Marat ermordet hatte. Auch gegen Robespierre und Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois gab es Mordversuche. Die Attentäter und ihre realen und vermuteten Hintermänner wurden zum Tode verurteilt. Zu Massenhinrichtungen von Abtrünnigen (oft durch Ertränken) kam es in Lyon, in Toulon oder der Vendée. Bald wurden auch radikale Befürworter des Terrors zu seinen Opfern: Die Enragés unter dem ehemaligen Priester Jacques Roux erobene radikale Gleichheitsforderungen durchzusetzen: Die Reichen müssten guillotiniert werden, die Armen sollten ihren Besitz erhalten. Robespierre erklärte aber, dass diese Agitation nur den Feinden im Ausland diene. Aus diesem Grunde wurden Roux und seine Anhänger Anfang 1794 verhaftet und als Feinde der Freiheit zum Tode verurteilt. Ähnlich erging es Jacques-René Hébert und seinen atheistischen Anhängern, die versuchten, das Christentum in Frankreich ganz abzuschaffen. Auch hier bremste Robespierre: Der Versuch der Entchristlichung würde nur noch mehr fromme Bauern zu Feinden der Revolution machen und sei daher ganz klar eine "Verschwörung des Auslands". Die Hébertisten wurden im März 1794 guillotiniert. Schließlich fiel auch der Begründer des Wohlfahrtsausschuss, Georges Danton der von ihm selbst initiierten Terrorherrschaft zum Opfer: Er war zu der Erkenntnis gekommen, dass die Fortsetzung der terreur die Revolution nicht mehr stärken, sondern schwächen würde. Daraufhin ließ Robespierre ihn und seine Anhänger, die sog. indulgents (Nachsichtige), vor dem Revolutionstribunal anklagen, weil sie angeblich in Geschäfte mit Schiebern und Wucherern verwickelt waren. Ohne sich im Prozess verteidigen zu dürfen, wurden Danton und seine Anhänger am 5. April 1794 guillotiniert.

Opferzahlen

Die Terrorherrschaft führte in Frankreich nach Archivunterlagen, die von Donald Greer ausgewertet wurden, zu mindestens 16.594 Todesurteilen vollstreckt durch die Guillotine, davon über 2500 in Paris. 1306 der in Paris Hingerichteten liegen auf dem Friedhof Picpus begraben, weitere auf dem Cimetière des Errancis, dem Cimetière de la Madeleine und dem Cimetière de Sainte-Marguerite.

Dabei sind Opfer, die ohne Prozess getötet wurden oder in Gefangenschaft starben, nicht mitgerechnet. Ihre Zahl wird von einigen Historikern auf etwa 40.000 geschätzt, von anderen um 25.000. Insgesamt rund 85 % der Hingerichteten gehörten dem früheren Dritten Stand an, darunter Bauern mit 28 %, Arbeiter mit 31 %; 8,5 % waren aus dem Adel und 6,5 % aus dem Klerus. Rund 80 % der Todesurteile ergingen wegen Verrats oder Rebellion, 9 % wegen Oppositions-Delikten und nur wenige Prozent wegen ökonomischer Vergehen wie "accaparement" (Aufkauf von Waren zu Wucherzwecken). Insgesamt wurden nach dem Beginn der Terrorherrschaft 1793 circa 500.000 Verhaftungen vorgenommen und etwa 300.000 Beschränkungen des Wohnorts.

Der Schwerpunkt der Hinrichtungen lag in der Provinz. Von den von Greer untersuchten rund 16.500 Hinrichtungen fanden 15 % in Paris statt, 19 % im Südosten und 52 % im Westen. Im Rhônetal wurde etwa im Oktober 1793 in Lyon ein Girondisten-Aufstand blutig niedergeschlagen (über 2000 Hinrichtungen). Der Aufstand der Vendée kostete über 150.000 Menschenleben – der Vergleich der Volkszählungen von 1790 und 1802 ergab ein Defizit von 200.000 in der Bevölkerung, das teilweise natürlich auch auf die Begleitumstände des Terrors (Abwanderung, Geburtenrückgang, Verelendung) zurückzuführen war. In Nantes an der Loire wütete 1793 bis 1794 der Abgesandte des Konvents Jean-Baptiste Carrier, der zahlreiche Opfer auf speziell hergerichteten Schiffen im Fluss ertränkte. Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt waren die Chouannerie im Département Mayenne und die Front-Provinzen des Revolutionskrieges.

Das Ende des Terrors

Für die Sansculotten wurde die Terrorherrschaft mit der Einführung der Höchstlöhne uninteressant, als am 23. Juli Einzelheiten hierzu veröffentlicht wurden. Zwar gab es 50 % Lohnerhöhung im Vergleich zum Lohnniveau von 1790, da es aber vor den Maximumgesetzen eine Inflation gegeben hatte, war diese scheinbare Erhöhung in vielen Bereichen faktisch eine Lohnminderung. Außerdem führten die Verfolgungen zu einer Verödung des politischen Lebens in den Sektionen, womit der Wohlfahrtsausschuss seine Machtbasis verlor.

Nicht zuletzt verlor der Terror nach dem Sieg der französischen Armee in der Schlacht bei Fleurus (26. Juni 1794) seinen militärischen Zweck. Allerdings ging in der Provinz, allen voran der Vendée, das Morden weiter.

Auch unter den Jakobinern selbst hatte mittlerweile die Guillotine gewütet. Zwei von Robespierres Linie abweichende Gruppen – die 'Ultraradikalen' um Hébert und die 'Gemäßigten' um Georges Danton – waren im März und April 1794 kurz nacheinander ausgeschaltet worden. Als Robespierre am 26. Juli weitere 'Säuberungen' unter den Mitgliedern des Konvents ankündigte, schlossen sich die verschreckten Abgeordneten mehrheitlich gegen die Führungsgruppe zusammen und verhafteten diese am folgenden Tag, dem 9. Thermidor, im Konvent. Jetzt zeigte es sich, dass Maximilien de Robespierre, Louis Antoine de Saint-Just und ihre engsten Anhänger den Rückhalt beim Großteil der Bevölkerung von Paris verloren hatten. Nur noch eine Minderheit war bereit, für ihre Rückkehr an die Macht zu kämpfen. Kurz darauf wurden sie auf der Guillotine hingerichtet.

Folgen
Kurzfristig bewirkte der Terror, dass es in der französischen Nation zu einer Zusammenfassung der Kräfte im militärischen Kampf kam, die zum Sieg über die inneren und äußeren Feinde führte. Längerfristig wurde jedoch die Revolution durch die zeitweilige Schreckensherrschaft wesentlich geschwächt: zum einen, weil viele überzeugte Republikaner, gerade auch Führungspersönlichkeiten, der Guillotine zum Opfer fielen – gemäß dem Wort von der Revolution, die ihre eigenen Kinder frisst. Darüber hinaus wurden die Ideen von Freiheit, Gleichheit und Brüderlichkeit durch das Blut der vielen Tausenden von Hingerichteten in Misskredit gezogen – eine Langzeitwirkung, die nicht nur innerhalb Frankreichs zur Geltung kam.

Zeitgenössische Rezeption

Die Terreurs erregten in ganz Europa Angst und Schrecken. Schiller beschäftigte sich angesichts dessen mehrfach mit der Frage von "Revolution und Terror", so in der Glocke und im Wilhelm Tell. Gerade in Deutschland wandten sich sehr viele Bürger, die zunächst den revolutionären Aufbruch in Paris und Frankreich gefeiert hatten, erschreckt von der französischen Republik ab und nahmen konservative Haltungen ein.

Historische Forschung
In der Forschung wird der Terror unterschiedlich bewertet. Der marxistische Historiker Albert Soboul (1914–1982) sieht darin "im wesentlichen ein Instrument zur Verteidigung der Nation und der Revolution gegen die Rebellen und Verräter". Zwar seien die Aristokraten und ihre Anhänger durch den Terror ausgeschlossen worden, doch hätten sie ohnehin "nicht in die Gesellschaft eingeordnet werden" können. Durch den Terror sei die Autorität des Staates wieder aufgerichtet worden, er habe bei der "Entwicklung des Gefühls nationaler Solidarität" über alle Klassenegoismen hinweg geholfen und vor allem durch die gewaltsame Durchsetzung der notwendigen wirtschaftspolitischen Maßnahmen zum Sieg der Revolutionäre in den Koalitionskriegen und damit zur "Rettung der Nation" beigetragen. Auch andere Historiker erklären den Terror als Reaktion auf die äußeren Umständen, also die Bedrohungen der Republik von innen und außen wie Bürgerkrieg, Konterrevolution und die Feindschaft der Nachbarstaaten. Diese "théorie des circonstances" sieht ihn ähnlich wie Soboul als weitgehend legitimen Ausnahmezustand an.

Laut dem Historiker Gerd van den Heuvel hatte die Terrorherrschaft eher sozialpsychologische Ursachen: Bereits in den 1780er Jahren lasse sich eine große Bereitschaft nachweisen, negative Entwicklungen mit Verschwörungen und Komplotten zu erklären, etwa die Grande Peur oder auch eine imaginierte Adelsverschwörung, die hinter dem widersprüchlichen Verhalten des Kommandanten der Bastille Bernard-René Jordan de Launay am 14. Juli 1789 gesteckt haben soll und de Launay den Kopf kostete. Die Popularität von Verschwörungsideologien wuchs mit realen Ereignissen, die sie zu bestätigen schienen, etwa dem Fluchtversuch des Königs, oder den Attentaten, zumal diese zweckgerichtet überhöht wurden:

Der liberale Historiker François Furet (1927–1997) glaubt, der Terror der Jahre 1793/94 sei eine "Entgleisung" der Revolution. Die Machtergreifung der Massen habe die friedliche soziale Entwicklung der Reformen von oben ab 1789 unterbrochen und gestört. Für ihn ist die Terrorherrschaft der Jakobiner eine Vorform der totalitären Regime des 20. Jahrhunderts.

Erinnerung

In der Conciergerie, wo die Sitzungen des Revolutionstribunals stattfanden, sind in einem ehemaligen Zellenraum die Namen von 2780 Menschen ausgehängt, die während der Revolution in Paris zum Tode verurteilt wurden.

Siehe auch
 Zeittafel zur Französischen Revolution

Literatur
 Alfred Cobban: The Political ideas of Maximilien Robespierre during the Period of the Convention. In: The English Historical Review. Band 61, Nr. 239, 1946, S. 45–80, .
 Bill Edmonds: "Federalism" and Urban Revolt in France in 1793. In: The Journal of Modern History. Band 55, Nr. 1, 1983, , S. 22–53, .
 Patrice Gueniffey: La Politique de la Terreur. Essai sur la violence révolutionnaire. 1789–1794 (= Collection TEL. 323). Gallimard, Paris 2003, ISBN 2-07-076727-2.
 Marcel Hénaff, Lawrence R. Schehr: Naked Terror: Political Violence, Libertine Violence. In: SubStance. Band 27, Nr. 2, 1998, , S. 5–32, .
 George Armstrong Kelly: Conceptual Sources of the Terror. In: Eighteenth-Century Studies. Band 14, Nr. 1, 1980, , S. 18–36, .
 Mona Ozouf: War and Terror in French Revolutionary Discours (1792–1794). In: The Journal of Modern History. Band 56, Nr. 4, 1984, S. 579–597, .
 R. R. Palmer: Twelve Who Ruled. The Year of the Terror in the French Revolution. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 1941, (Zahlreiche Nachdrucke).
 Chantal Thomas, David F. Bell: Terror in Lyon. In: SubStance. Band 27, Nr. 2, 1998, S. 33–42, .

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Rechtsgeschichte (Französische Revolution)
Politische Ideengeschichte (Frühe Neuzeit)
Politik 1793
Politik 1794

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
China-Russia Gas Deal... Off!
Back in March it looked as though Russia would provide natural gas to China as a stride toward creating a global gas market. However, that policy seems to have been rescinded. Alexander Ananenkov, the deputy chief executive of Gazprom, said that plans to deliver an annual eighty billion cubic metres of gas to China would leave Russia short. Accordingly, the Russian energy Giant has asked President Putin to cancel this earlier arrangement made between the two countries. Now, I am reading a greater point of issue here, of how much gas exactly does Russia have? The whole of Europe are relying on gas from Russia which was thought to be in proverbial supply. Maybe it isn't? The UK peaked in production of oil from the North Sea in 1999, and gas supplies are no longer sufficient to provide for our needs.
In the early 1970's my father worked as a salesman/fitter for the South Eastern Gas Board, when the "new" North Sea gas supplies were introduced to supplant the conventional "town-gas" made by heating coal in massive retorts. The burners on gas appliances had to be "converted"to ones with finer jets, otherwise the new gas (methane) burned like an inferno from the old town-gas units (a mixture principally of carbon monoxide, methane and hydrogen). The presence of carbon monoxide in town-gas made it possible to "do oneself in" in the gas-oven, a procedure that was impossible with natural gas.
The Russian gas was due to be exported from the Exxon Mobil Sakhalin-1 project on the Pacific coast of Russia. Mr Ananenkov said: "We consider it necessary for a directive to be issued on the Sakhalin-1 gas to be sold to Gazprom so we could supply gas to Russia's regions, and for the gas not to be exported as proposed by Exxon Mobil." These were his words on speaking at a meeting of a regional social and economic development council. He further stated that Russia's four far eastern regions alone require above fifteen billion cubic metres of gas each year. Now that is a lot of gas.
Should the Russian government accede to the proposal by Gazprom and intervene in the export of the commodity to China, the latter will be left bereft of any access to Russian gas at all, despite its overwhelming need for supplies of gas and it would appear all other forms of energy necessary to fuel its burgeoning and unprecedented phase of industrialisation. This putative action would also heighten concerns about the increasing control of the state-run concern, Gazprom, and the Kremlin's handle on its domestic gas industry. As noted above, gas supplied from Russia accounts for around 25% of all used in Europe. So, if China is going to go-without, when will it be the turn of the European nations, especially Germany?
According to some analysts, gas-shortages in Russia are more pressing than is being made explicit. The gas/oil giant, Shell, was made to sell its share in the Sakhalin-2 project to Gazprom in response to pressure from Russian regulators. Similarly, BP is awaiting a decision on whether its license for the Kovytka gas field in East Siberia will be cancelled. It is suggested that Gazprom might face a challenge in winning control of Sakhalin-1 from the rival, Rosneft, which is the state-controlled oil company and a shareholder in the project, along with Sadeco (Japanese) and Videsh (Indian).
My overall impression is that Russia needs its gas and oil for its own supply, and the rest of the world should not rely on its resources to fuel our own purposes. As I noted recently, Russia has only the same amount of estimated recoverable oil resources as Venezuela, and Peak Oil has already happened there, albeit that the "peak" in a Hubbert type analysis is rather obfuscated by the collapse of the Soviet Union; the force-down in what the rest of the world was prepared to pay for Russian oil did indeed contribute to that demise of the major Communist empire.
The Oil (and gas) Dearth era is at hand, and the future of the world will be underpinned by less of both. It would be an immediate conclusion, therefore, that the economic miracle in China (and India) is a flash in the pan. I would not wish this for either nation, nor for those expanding EU nations such as Slovakia, Poland and the Czech Republic, but I imagine all of us are headed back toward an agrarian economy based around localised communities.
http://newsvote.bbc.co.uk/mpapps/pagetools/print/news.bbc.co.uk/1/
Posted by Professor Chris Rhodes at 9:58 am
Only a week earlier, China was angling for a better price:
http://www.kommersant.com/p773569/r_529/China_Gazprom_Gas_Deal/
And from this article in Russian, we read that Gazprom's response is to be the sole purveyor -
http://www.abnews.ru/tem.php?tax1=3&news_id=61551
i.e. there is enough gas, as I understand, according to Gazprom.
Sustain_ability
Professor Chris Rhodes said...
Hi Sustain_ability,
interesting this! So I wonder what the anxiety was about, really? If Gazprom doesn't have enough gas then we are all in trouble, so I hope they do!
Cheers! Chris.
Alaskan Heavy Oil may be Tapped?
Vast Oil and Life in the Deep-Earth.
China to Make Oil from Coal on Massive Scale.
Pacific Iron-Filings Dump to take CO2 from Atmosph...
Power in the North East.
Peak Oil hits UK Headlines.
BLM allows Drilling on Roan Plateau.
Future Aircraft Fuel may come from Algae.
China Water Supply lost as Tibetan Glaciers Melt.
Shadow of Nuclear War Returns to Europe.
Water - the new Oil?
Digging-up the Family Silver (...Platinum etc).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Here's another of our great Top 100 Weight Loss Tips with article 42 in this series. Now in this article, we're going to look at one of the subjects that can be annoying in the extreme to women while making men seem more smug than they really deserve to be. It's the age old fact of life which dogs the difference in the sexes when it cannot be denied that men lose weight faster than women.
At least that's the general viewpoint, although individual circumstances will of course alter that very rigid statistic from person to person. But you have to remember that when all things are as equal as they can be, a man's metabolism is generally faster than a woman's.
Well, women aren't men and the opposite is equally as true. So its no good trying to get around a law of nature that is pretty unmovable! If you're a woman, then you probably won't like to hear that it's been proven scientifically that men are physically designed to be able to lose weight more rapidly than women can.
It really is all down to our physiological makeup. In this sense, a woman is naturally supposed to have more body fat than a man, because she's the one that has to carry the babies and that's what her body is designed to do. To do that she needs more reserves to call upon in times of famine or lack of food (going back to our distant ancestors that didn't have access to supermarkets or freezers. Caves were so prehistoric)!
Remember, this isn't a sexist statement at all. It is the way it is, and this truth is what separates the genders from a natural point of view. As such, women really should expect to have to set completely separate weight loss goals than men and this really applies if you are working on the process of partners losing weight together. When you see the results side by side, don't be disheartened if the man is getting ahead by seeming to stick to exactly the same diet and exercise criteria as you.
If you are really competitive, you could of course push yourself harder to tip the balance. One thing women are better at than men and that's getting things done! Where men tend to be that little bit more lazy, you can go the extra mile they're not prepared to go. And that's where you can bet them at their own game!
100 Weight Loss Tips number 41 follows in the next post!
It is true that men can lose weight faster than women can because we have different physiology. Where does the ideas come from to make people think they are all same?
The media have a lot to answer for!


text:
Overcome Bullying
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Twins Bullying Story
by Rollin
(Hudson, OH)
In our area, middle school is between 5th and 8th grade. There's a problem right there. Middle School is all about socialization. If you are different, you will have problems.
At this point the girls are 10 years old. In the first weeks at the school, kids started harrassing name removed (unbeknownst to us). Kids were writing on the girl's bathroom wall that "name removed was a whore and other derogative comments." They were both starting to get shoved in the hallways, isolated and aggressively insulted in the cafeteria, bumped into lockers, snickering and whispering in the hallways and belittled in the classrooms for the general population classes as well as the resource room small room classes. Although they were both also harrassed on the bus, name removed usually received the brunt of it while (other child) name removed watched on-with great concern and substantial worry.
We received a call from a woman whose child was witnessing the bullying. It was making her very upset.
The mother said that "she wanted to remain anonymous" but that our children , most particularly name removed, were "Targets". Apparently this was a common term that we had never heard of before.
We started our IEP (Individualized Education Programs) meetings in October. The meetings included Teachers, School Psychologist, Intervention Specialist, The Head of the Special Ed program and The Assistant Principal and the parents. Usually there are 2-3 meetings a year. WE REVEALED OUR GRAVE CONCERN RIGHT FROM THE START OF THAT SCHOOL YEAR.
Join in and write your own page! It's easy to do. How? Simply click here to return to Parents of Bullied Children.
Sick and Tired of Bullying at Work?
Get This Practical Guide To Dealing With Workplace Bullying
Want to quit your job-from-hell?
I decided that I never again wanted be under the thumb of people who couldn't care less about me or my family; that I never again wanted to be in the position of needing to stay at a job; that I never again wanted to be vulnerable to financial ruin—at least as much as is possible in the real world—but how?!
Are you, like most people, trapped in your job because you can't afford to quit?
I, and many others, have created part- and full-time income streams with online businesses we developed with the guidance, tools and community provided by Solo Build It! We aren't all tech wizards either. If you have basic computer and internet literacy and are willing to learn and roll up your sleeves you're well on your way. Creating an honest online business takes time and dedication, just like any business, but it's worth it in the long run. Having a second stream of income gives you options and can put you back in the driver's seat of your life.
Don't stay in a dead-end abusive job...
Start creating a crisis-proof income and stop relying on a job controlled by bullies. You provide the brains and motivation and Solo Build It! will provide the guidance, the tools and the community to help you. I've done it and you can too. You can read about my workplace bullying experience (which inspired me to build my own online business) as well as my full Solo Build It! review here.
Not Sure? Get Proof
See Some Case Studies
Watch a Video Tour of SBI!
~ Anton Hout
Online Business Owner,
Former Target of Workplace Bullies
Types of Bullying...
School/Youth Bullying
Religious Bullying
Neighbour From Hell
Setting Boundaries With Workplace Bullies Back Fires at Hospital Where I Worked
I worked at a well-established hospital. I'm a hard worker and didn't like to gossip. Kept to myself. Nurses and other staff would stare me down, gossip,
Passive Agressive, Manipulative, Lying, Psychopathic Boss
Dec 20, 20 05:37 PM
I was harassed/bullied by my boss for a year which forced me to quit the company due to extreme amounts of stress and anger. I came into the company and
I've Been a Victim of Spiteful Bullies My Entire Life
I've been a victim of spiteful bullies my ENTIRE life it begun in the first 6 months of life when social workers told my adoptive mother nobody wanted
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The 2019 Coastal Bend Woodcarvers Show and Classes were very well attended and a great success. We are looking forward to an even better event in 2020. The list of show winners can be found on the show page along with a list of our awesome sponsors, that without their support we could not have had such a great show. Click here to view pictures from this years event and you can click on any picture to enlarge it.
As soon as the class descriptions are ready for you to sign up for classes, they will be added to the Carving School page. This will probably be later this summer after all of the information is setup. You will find a headline on this page when that happens. In the meantime, here is a list of the planned instructors for 2020.
We are excited to add Ms. Debbie Edwards, nationally acclaimed animal carver to our already well qualified list of instructors being carried over from 2019.
The Show judges for 2020 will be Debbie Edwards and Rich Wetherbee. Excellent talent, experienced and well versed in the disciplines of woodcarving.


text:
/***************
 * PROGRAM:       Modeler
 * NAME:          globals.h
 * DESCRIPTION:   definitions for global data class
 * AUTHORS:       Andreas Heumann
 * HISTORY:
 *    DATE     NAME  COMMENT
 *    12.06.96 ah    initial release
 *    13.12.96 ah    added minobjects
 *    06.02.97 ah    added SetRenderWindow()
 *    07.02.97 ah    added SetEnableArea() and GetEnableArea()
 *    25.04.97 ah    added enableback and enablerefl
 *    21.08.98 ah    values of the mesh create requester are now saved in the globals struct
 *    16.08.99 ah    added hyper texture sampling parameters
 ***************/

#ifndef GLOBALS_H
#define GLOBALS_H

#ifndef COLOR_H
#include "color.h"
#endif

#ifndef OBJECT_H
#include "object.h"
#endif

class GLOBALS
{
	public:
		COLOR backcol;
		char *backpic;
		BOOL enableback;
		char *reflmap;
		BOOL enablerefl;
		char *renderdpic;             // output name
		char picformat[8];
		COLOR ambient;
		COLOR fog;
		float flen;
		float fheight;
		int antialias;                // antialiasing value
		COLOR anticont;               // antialiasing contrast
		float gauss;                  // gaussian filter width
		int distrib;
		int softshad;
		BOOL randjit,quick,show;
		int octreedepth;
		ULONG xres,yres;              // resolution
		float xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax;    // render area
		BOOL enablearea;              // enable render area
		ULONG minobjects;             // minumum octree objects

		ULONG hyper_samples;          // ray samples
		float hyper_min_dens;         // minimum delta density
		float hyper_max_dens;         // maximum delta density

		// mesh create presets
		VECTOR cube_size;

		float sphere_radius;
		ULONG sphere_divisions;
		ULONG sphere_slices;

		VECTOR plane_size;
		ULONG plane_divisions_x;
		ULONG plane_divisions_y;

		float tube_radius;
		float tube_height;
		ULONG tube_divisions;
		ULONG tube_slices;
		BOOL tube_close_top;
		BOOL tube_close_bottom;

		float cone_radius;
		float cone_height;
		ULONG cone_divisions;
		ULONG cone_slices;
		BOOL cone_close_bottom;

		float torus_radius;
		float torus_thickness;
		ULONG torus_divisions;
		ULONG torus_slices;

		GLOBALS();
		~GLOBALS();
		void ToDefaults();
		BOOL SetBackPic(char*);
		BOOL SetReflMap(char*);
		BOOL SetRenderdPic(char*);
		BOOL SetPicType(char*);
		void SetRenderWindow(float min_x, float min_y, float max_x, float max_y)
		{
			xmin = min_x;
			ymin = min_y;
			xmax = max_x;
			ymax = max_y;
		}
		void SetEnableArea(BOOL value) { enablearea = value; }
		BOOL GetEnableArea() { return enablearea; }
		void SetEnableBack(BOOL value) { enableback = value; }
		BOOL GetEnableBack() { return enableback; }
		void SetEnableRefl(BOOL value) { enablerefl = value; }
		BOOL GetEnableRefl() { return enablerefl; }
		rsiResult ToRSI(rsiCONTEXT*);
};

extern GLOBALS global;

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Only All Stories
, Showing 3346 results
All (3346)Articles (3233)Videos (38)Photos (75)
'Hone Laga' adds romantic touch to 'Antim' Soundtrack
IANS / Nov 09, 2021, 13:14 (IST)
Salman Khan and Aayush Sharma-starrer 'Antim: The Final Truth' is one of the most awaited films of the year, and one reason for the anticipation is its Soundtrack.
Mandaar - Full Audio Jukebox
YouTube / Dec 29, 2021, 07:30 (IST)
For all Bengali music fans, check-out Mandaar Songs jukebox. This is a compilation of Mandaar Movie songs. The track list includes songs like 'Mandaar Theme, Laili Theme, Ocean Theme, Dagger Theme and Mandaar Returns Theme'. To know more about the 'Mandaar' songs jukebox, enjoy the video. Stay tuned to ETimes for more Bengali songs. Check out ETimes Telugu music videos section for more Bengali songs and Juke Box songs.Mandaar - Full Audio Jukebox
Christmas Song: Watch Latest English Official Music Video Song 'Last Christmas' Sung By Wham!
For all English music fans, check-out latest English song 'Last Christmas' sung by 'Wham!'. The lyrics of song 'Last Christmas
I gave you my heart, But the very next day you gave it away. To know more about the 'Wham!'s' song 'Last Christmas', enjoy the video. Stay tuned to ETimes for more songs like Last Christmas. Check out ETimes English music videos section for more English songs and Wham! songs.Christmas Song: Watch Latest English Official Music Video Song 'Last Christmas' Sung By Wham!
Han So Hee and Park Hyung Sik to star in an upcoming drama by 'Vincenzo' director
etimes.in / Nov 30, 2021, 09:05 (IST)
South Korean actor Han So Hee and ZE:A's Park Hyung Sik have been roped in a new drama 'Soundtrack #1' helmed by director Kim Hee Won of 'Vincenzo'.
Watch Official English Music Video Song 'When I R.I.P.' Sung By Labrinth
YouTube / Oct 03, 2021, 21:00 (IST)
For all English music fans, check-out latest English song 'When I R.I.P.' sung by 'Labrinth'. The Lyrics of 'When I R.I.P.' song are 'Yeah, They've been waiting for me, Hahaha, What the fuck, Feel the morning on my face, Ain't a pill that I didn't take'. To know more about the 'Labrinth's' song 'When I R.I.P.', enjoy the video. Stay tuned to ETimes for more songs like 'When I R.I.P.'. Check out ETimes English music videos section for more English songs and Labrinth songs.Watch Official English Music Video Song 'When I R.I.P.' Sung By Labrinth
#CelebRecco: Raghu Dixit on the "soul dependency" on music, his favorite Soundtracks, and creating synergies with directors
etimes.in / Dec 03, 2021, 14:47 (IST)
In this new episode of #CelebRecco, Raghu sheds light on some of the composers, film music that has stood out for him through the years, and the synergy that one must look for with a filmmaker in order to render an exceptional Soundtrack.
Raghu Dixit talks about the success of Ninna Sanihake's Soundtrack
TNN / Oct 02, 2021, 16:10 (IST)
Raghu Dixit talks about the success of Ninna Sanihake's SoundtrackRaghu Dixit talks about the success of Ninna Sanihake's Soundtrack


After a month off of work for family leave I'm getting back to the work routine.
Little Brother has been all I could hope for: mostly quiet, mostly happy, and mostly asleep. He is still a handheld item so he gets most of my attention. On rare occasions that doesn't go over well with Big Sister. Being second fiddle doesn't suit her. To keep connected with her I try to include her in the activities I do to tend to the son, like diaper changing and feeding. That can be a bit tricky because asking for a two-year-old's help is simply asking for trouble. For example, she will enthusiastically shove a silicone binkie entirely in Little Brother's mouth to stop his crying. Technically it works for a few seconds so she gets an A for effort.
My son has recently cut his first teeth so he is drooling and compelled to gnaw on anything he can get his fat hands on. Holding him is like holding a 20-pound leech. He's slimy and if you're not paying attention, will latch on to any available part of you.
Another challenge I am facing is trying to get both kids to nap at the same time. I don't think it's possible, really. The kids have little sensors in them that detect when the other is asleep. At best I have had them napping simultaneously for ten minutes. That's just enough time to prepare a meal and get settled on the couch before a sensor goes off.
So, now my wife and I are done with our family leave, and we're returning to our regular working lives. Having the time off was great yet I am ready to get back to a routine. I may even fit in some more blog posts during that elusive "free time" everyone else seems to have.
Maybe I'll get the kettle on and brew something. Blood oranges are available now so it's time to boil up some of Dogfish Head's Blood Orange Hefe. That one is a personal favorite.
Yeah, sure I will. Right after I get the kids down for a nap.
Entry filed under: Being Dad. Tags: Beer, Being Dad, Brewing, Children, Dad, Fatherhood, homebrewing, Parenting.


After experimenting in my first computer transfer class followed by a painting class, I became interested in combining the two mediums. I discovered that the layered imagery of contemporary artist Lynne Perrella's assemblages and collages and have a great deal in common with my monoprints from my undergraduate work. Her Jasper Johns-like pieces inspired me to merge my painting and computer transfers in any way that I could imagine.
During an independent study with Bob Worthy I created a few canvases combining painting and transfers. The most successful one is The Journey Home because it fully incorporates my interests in layering both content and media. This textured canvas combines tea-dyed handmade paper with computer emulsion transfers. This led to a new series based upon this piece.
The Journey Home, MaryLea Harris, Mixed-Media on Canvas, 15" x 30"
I also created a series of emulsion transfers with photos of trees I took in the woods behind my home. This series sold at my Path is a Circle show to a private collector in 2006.


I have wrote a post on software distribution ranking in different languages, but I didn't write about what is or how to do a proper software distribution.
A distribution should not rely on specific personal, server or file to create. For example, if you have dependency on a private patch to some public available software, you should include that patch in your source code repository and apply that patch when building the software. The steps to create the distribution should be documented and always produce the same artifact.
It should not rely on network or 3rd party service to fetch dependencies. In house configuration server or artifact repository is okay.
If you distribution an end user product, uploading to PyPI is not end-of-story. Things like PyPI is temporarily down or left-pad package is removal from npm should not affect a proper distribution.
External dependencies should be documented.
That includes operating system, language runtime, database, filesystem, network requirement, compilers, locale and timezone settings, fonts and so on. Explicitly list which environments are supported and which software and version is required.
Internal dependencies should be included.
Try not to ask user to install internal dependencies themselves. If you have to do so, document the dependencies and supported versions for them. If possible, give concrete package names and version numbers. Do not use ">=3", "latest" etc to describe the dependencies. You cannot assume a dependency never have any backward incompatible changes.
Has a brief description of what is it.
Not every project has a good and easy to recognize name. Especially some tools used internally in organizations and companies. Always include a README file or similar to document what the project is about.
Has proper version number, release date, and checksums.
Version number is the way to identify a release. Release date gives an impression how up-to-date the software is. Checksum can be used to verify the downloaded software is not forged. Usually the checksum is md5sum, sha1sum or GPG signature.
It's astonishing that even today there are still many distributions that do not have these basic information listed.
Since software size is getting larger and Internet and CDN based distribution is popular, I can't say enough how important HTTPS website and file checksum is. Verifying you get what you expect is the first thing to do when downloading a software from the Internet. These can not be done if the distributor doesn't provide any checksum.
Has an installation document and user guides to get user started.
The overall steps for installation and usage should be documented. If it takes a long time to install or do initialization, it should also be documented.
Can be generated and distributed automatically.
Usually this is done via continuous integration server or continuous integration pipeline. It's often as easy as turning those reproducible steps into a build script.
Good separation of code and configuration.
Otherwise, your software may be difficult to use for some people with different environment.
A changelog file can show how the project is evolved, how often it is released, when an important feature or bug fix is introduced.
Note that git log is not enough as a changelog. git log has no concept of a release or distribution, some commits may not be useful to end users. Write a proper changelog if you want to keep a changelog. Those who are interested in git log can run it themselves.
Has a sanity check or health check script/user interface.
These checks can be used to detect whether the installation is correct and can be used in system monitoring as well.
Has support information or bug report links.
If it is a side project, you can write your support email there. If it is an internal tool in company, you can write a department or support team's contact. If it is a public technology related library or project, you probably should have a public bug report system for feedback.
All these is to provide a way to contact the authors or support team when something is wrong. As a software developer, you should expect people to have suggestions, questions or problems when using your software.


In this post, I shall discuss the best homeopathic medicine for malaria fever or top homeopathic remedy for malaria.
Malaria is a widespread disease which is prevalent in the tropical and sub-tropical countries of the world. The cause of this infection is a parasite that is also known as the malaria parasite which belongs to the Plasmodium genus. It is transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito that is, female mosquito Anopheles. The parasite exists in the saliva of the mosquito and transmitted into the blood of the person with the bite of that mosquito. The symptoms of Malaria start appearing from 10-15 days after the person is bitten by the infected mosquito.
3 stage cycle of appearance of sudden coldness, followed by shivering and then sweating and fever.
Transmission of parasite: When the infected mosquito bites you, it transmits the malarial parasite to you.
On to the next person: when the mosquito bites you when you have malarial parasite then it bites the next person and transfers it to him/her.
Homeopathy is the science that adopts a holistic approach to healing. Homeopathic remedies are deep acting and devoid of side effects on the body and they are also natural. Unlike the conventional mode of medicine, Homeopathic remedies do not suppress the disease and its symptoms. In fact, they eradicate the root cause and set off the own restorative processes of the body, making it strong enough to completely get rid of the disease. Suppressing the disease process makes it stubborn. Homeopathic medicines are a natural treatment for malaria.
People also search for homeopathic medicine for malaria prevention or preventive medicine for malaria in homeopathy. There are no medicines to prevent malaria in homeopathy. There is a nosode available in homeopathy that is, Malaria Officinalis which you can use after consulting a competent homeopathic physician whether you can use it as an anti malaria medicine or not.
Top rated Homeopathic medicines for malaria are Chinninum Sulphuricum, China and Arsenic Album. China is one of the most prescribed Homeopathic remedies for malaria fever at any stage of progression. The symptoms to take into consideration are chill in the mornings with debilitating night sweats. Arsenicum Album is an ideal homeopathic medicine for malaria cases with high temperature with marked periodicity and great restlessness. Chininum Sulph is most effective in malaria cases along with shivering and great chill in the body.
Chininum Sulphuricum and Nux Vomica are two well prescribed Homeopathic treatment for malaria with marked chilliness and shivering (cold stage). Chininum Sulph works very well where the chill occurs at 3 pm on daily basis. The person suffers from great shivering even in a warm room. For malaria in the cold stage, with blueness of fingernails, Nux Vomica is suggested as one of the most effective Homeopathic remedies. Also, in cases where the person experiences chilliness on being uncovered, yet will not want to be covered, Nux Vomica is indicated as one of the most effective Homeopathic remedies for malaria.
The most helpful Homeopathic remedies for malaria with profuse sweating (sweat stage) are Boletus and Eupatorium Perfoliatum. Homeopathic medicine Boletus is used in malaria cases with profuse perspiration, especially at night with severe chills and fever. Eupatorium Perfoliatum acts as one of the best Homeopathic medicines for malaria where all complaints, except headache, are relieved by sweating. The patient experiences chills, mostly between 7 am and 9 am, preceded by strong thirst and aching bones.
Malaria with high fever (heat stage) is treated well with Homeopathic remedies Arsenic Album and China. Arsenic Album is one of the most reliable Homeopathic medicines for malaria with high grade fever with marked periodicity. Great restlessness associating high fever that gets worse after midnight is also treated well with Arsenic Album. China is one of the most effective Homeopathic remedies to treat malaria with high temperature that returns every week. The person complains of chill in the morning with debilitating night sweats.
Natrum Muriaticum and Pulsatilla are excellent medicines among the most effective Homeopathic remedies for malaria with headache. Natrum Muriaticum is used in case of continued chilliness along with the headache, especially on waking up in the morning. Malaria cases with headache that persists from sunrise to sunset are also best cured with Homeopathic medicine Natrum Mur. In case of chill with pains in certain spots, especially in the evening, Pulsatilla is one of the top Homeopathic treatment for malaria. Complaints of wandering stitches in the head during sweat are also tackled well with Homeopathic medicine Pulsatilla.
The most advised Homeopathic remedies for malaria with marked weakness are China, Alstonia and Ferrum Phosphoricum. China works well in all stages of malarial fever with extreme tiredness. Debilitating night sweats with fever that come back every week are also treated well with China, making it one of the most usable Homeopathic medicines for malaria. Alstonia is another Homeopathic tonic for exterme weakness and exhausting malarial fever. On the other hand, cases of chill occurring daily at 1 pm, with marked prostration, are cured with homeopathic medicine Ferrum Phosphoricum, making it one of the most exceptional Homeopathic medicines for malaria.
Cover your skin, wear long sleeved shirts and pants during active mosquito times.


text:
2A (2001-2002) Gravity Lineations, Intraplate Melting, Petrologic and Seismic Expedition
2A (2007-2014) COGEAR Temporary Deployments, Valais, Switzerland
Swiss Seismological Service
2A (2016-2016) LArge-n Seismic Survey in Oklahoma
2A (2017-2019) Sorsdal_Glacier_17-18
2B (2004-2005) Cooperative monitoring of volcanic tremor at Villarrica Volcano, Chile
2B (2007-2009) PUDEL Network, Argentina, 2007-2009
Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ (GFZ Potsdam)
2B (2010-2011) OBSIP: Bering Sea Active Source Experiment
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)
2B (2013-2014) East Staithes
2B (2016-2017) Pryor: Cornell University
2B (2018-2018) Fort Boise passive seismic water-recharge monitoring experiment
2B (2019-2022) Eruption or Catastrophe: Learning to Implement Preparedness for future Supervolcano Eruptions
2C (2008-2009) Resonant signature of hydrocarbon and CO2 reservoirs
2C (2010-2011) Geophysical Study of Ice Stream Stick-slip dynamics
2C (2013-2013) New England Damage Experiment Phase II
2C (2014-2015) Continental Lithospheric Breakup in East Africa
University Montpellier II (UM2 UMSF France)
2C (2016-2017) Tasman Acceleration Study 2016
2C (2018-2022) COntrol SEISmicity and Manage Induced earthQuakes
ETHZ (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich Switzerland)
2D (2010-2011) Albacore
2D (2013-2016) N2
University of Bergen (UiB Norway) Inst of Geophysics
2D (2018-2019) DESTRESS – Demonstration of soft stimulation treatments of geothermal reservoirs
2E (2010-2011) Seismic Coherence and Site Effect Studies at Precarious Rock Locations in Riverside, California
USGS Caltech, Pasadena
2E (2012-2013) Southwest Indian Ridge Earthquakes and Hydrothermal Plumes
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
2E (2014-2016) Norway Microbarom Study 2014
2E (2018-2023) Thwaites Margins
University of Oklahoma (OU)
2F (2009-2009) Taiwan Supplement #2 to TAIGER project
University of Southern California (USC)
2F (2010-2011) OMBRA seismic network
2F (2012-2013) LONGMEN
2F (2014-2015) PFO Accelerometer Test
IGPP University of California Systemwide Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics
2F (2017-2020) Crust and lithosphere Investigation of the Easternmost expression of the Laramide Orogeny - Pilot Experiment
2G (2010-2015) Testing of the effectiveness of incorporating seismic data in seismic hazard assessment within a traditional field course
Indiana University Bloomington (IU Bloomington)
2G (2016-2016) Lastarria volcano experiment
2G (2018-2021) Bergen Arcs Seismic Experiment
University of Bergen (UiB Norway)
2H (2009-2013) AFAR0911
University of Southampton (UK)
2H (2014-2015) Ilan Plain 2014
National Central University (NCU Taiwan China)
2H (2016-2022) Interim Broadband Monitoring of the Mount Erebus Volcano
New Mexico Tech
2J (2012-2015) Seismological Observation of the Central-Northern Ecuadorian Subduction
2J (2016-2021) Clemson University Subsurface Deformation Monitoring Network
2K (2014-2024) Scientific Induced Seismicity Monitoring Network
Alberta Geological Survey (AGS Canada)
2L (2015-2016) Monitoring the unrest of El Hierro Island with seismic observations
2L (2018-2019) LARGE-MEM
Royal Observatory of Belgium
2M (2015-2018) MISTERIOS
2M (2019-2019) Seismic imaging of the magmatic and hydrothermal systems beneath Lassen Volcanic National Park using a nodal seismometer array
South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
2N (2019-2019) Summer of Applied Geophysical Experience Active Seismic 2019
IRIS PASSCAL Instrument Center @ New Mexico Tech
2N (2020-2020) Rainier 2020
2O (2019-2025) Beetaloo Seismic Monitoring Project
Geoscience Australia (GA)
2P (2020-2023) South West Australia Network
2S (2016-2017) Seismic neTwoRk/Array in norThwEstern arGentina
Universitat Potsdam
2T (2018-2019) Texas Temporary Arrays
Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin (BEG UTEXAS)


As an association for children with heart disease, we represent "only" a few people, to which just as few are added each year, namely to the 50: so many children are born every year with heart disease or one is diagnosed with a child. As little as children are, so dramatically goes the diagnosis of the life of each of these families of small patients.
We can not take the fears of anyone, but we are there for them all when it comes to finding the best treatment and finding and paving the way to it. We also organize offers for families so that their children are not disadvantaged at school and in their free time, and how others can be encouraged and entertained . Many parents get involved in our club, who have come to know and appreciate the value of this assistance.
This year we have experienced a surprise: three Maturant, Sharel Del Pan, Noemi Dunkel and Isabel Ebner, the class 5A trade and service of the state vocational school "J. Gutenberg "Bolzano, have designed a calendar as part of a project of this school year – and dedicated to our association. We, the association Kinderherz, were informed when the project work of the three committed ladies was already advanced.
Such an initiative means tailwind for us. We're presenting the calendar on May 5 from 11am on the second floor of the Twenty department store. Isabel, Sharel and Noemi are also at the booth until 5 pm, which is provided by the state shopping center Twenty .
The calendar is available for a voluntary donation. The proceeds are donated by the three students to the association Kinderherz.
On June 16, 2017, the international congress "The adult patient with a congenital faculty heart desease" will take place in the Eurac, at which the association "Kinderherz" introduces itself for the first time to an international audience. It is about the transition of children with congenital heart disease into adulthood.
from the 27th to the 30th of July 2017 the Family Days take place in Pfelders. Together we are inspired on this long weekend by the beautiful and untouched mountains of the farthest Passeiertal.
We leave everyday life behind and enjoy family walks together with a certified nature park guide, sporting activities, playing together and wellbeing.


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Q: Show that a summation of products of sin is zero Let $N_x,N_y>1$. Let $1\le l,l'\le N_x$ and $1\le k,k'\le N_y$. If $l\ne l'$ or $k\ne k'$, prove
$$\sum\limits_{n=1}^{N_x}\sum\limits_{m=1}^{N_y}\sin\left(l\cdot \frac{n\pi}{N_x+1}\right)\sin\left(l'\cdot \frac{n\pi}{N_x+1}\right)
\sin\left(k\cdot \frac{m\pi}{N_y+1}\right)\sin\left(k'\cdot \frac{m\pi}{N_y+1}\right)=0.$$
I've been working on this for hours and still can't figure it out. I'm sure there must be an identity that makes this clear. If I break this down into cases I have $l=l'$ and $k\ne k'$, $l\ne l'$ and $k= k'$, $l\ne l'$ and $k\ne k'$ to consider. Do to the symmetry of the summation I assume that once I show the first case I will clearly see the others.
So assume $l=l'$ and $k\ne k'$. Then
\begin{align*}
&\sin\left(l\cdot \frac{n\pi}{N_x+1}\right)\sin\left(l'\cdot \frac{n\pi}{N_x+1}\right)
\sin\left(k\cdot \frac{m\pi}{N_y+1}\right)\sin\left(k'\cdot \frac{m\pi}{N_y+1}\right)\\[1em]
&=\frac{1}{2}\left[\cos\left([l-l']\frac{n\pi}{N_x+1}\right)-\cos\left([l+l']\frac{n\pi}{N_x+1}\right)\right]
\sin\left(k\cdot \frac{m\pi}{N_y+1}\right)\sin\left(k'\cdot \frac{m\pi}{N_y+1}\right)\\[1em]
&=\frac{1}{2}\left[1-\cos\left(2l\frac{n\pi}{N_x+1}\right)\right]
\sin\left(k\cdot \frac{m\pi}{N_y+1}\right)\sin\left(k'\cdot \frac{m\pi}{N_y+1}\right)
\end{align*}
Under the assumption I am moving in the right direction, I don't see where to go now. Any help will be greatly appreciated!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Zenith American Solutions Acquired by Beecken Petty O'Keefe and Company
TAMPA, FL. – December 13, 2017 – Zenith American Solutions, Inc. ("Zenith American") announced today that it has been acquired in a transaction led by Chicago-based Beecken Petty O'Keefe & Company ("BPOC"). BPOC acquired the company from Water Street Healthcare Partners, LLC, a strategic investor focused exclusively on the healthcare industry, which grew Zenith American into the nation's largest independent third-party administrator of benefits to Taft-Hartley trust funds during its more than nine years of ownership.
Zenith American Solutions is the largest independent third party administrator in the nation focused on delivering innovative services to Taft-Hartley trust funds, trade associations, government entities, and corporate employers. BPOC is a healthcare private equity firm, focused on investments in middle-market companies poised for strong, transformational growth operating in the healthcare industry.
Zenith American is enthusiastic to join the highly regarded entities under the BPOC umbrella. "We're excited about the new ownership group and look forward to the opportunities it will bring to us. With BPOC as our long term investor, we expect that our footprint in the Taft-Hartley, governmental and single employer administration space will continue to experience fast organic growth, while we strive to deliver the highest levels of service to our Funds, clients and their respective participants," said Art Schultz, CEO, Zenith American. Mr. Schultz will continue to lead Zenith American under the new ownership structure, and have a seat on the BPOC board.
"We welcome Zenith American employees and the management team to the BPOC family of companies, said Troy Phillips, Managing Director, BPOC. We believe that Zenith American gives us the strongest player in the Taft-Hartley administration field poised for significant growth."
Zenith American will continue normal operations with no expected changes to management, branding, or delivery of services performed. The acquisition is effective immediately. Financial terms are not being disclosed.
Harris Williams & Company and Waller Helms served as financial advisors to Zenith American in the transaction.
Zenith American Solutions, Inc. (Zenith American) has been providing high quality administrative services since 1944. With 46 offices across the country, Zenith American manages benefit plans as a third-party administrator (TPA) serving over 800,000 health plan members and dependents, and over 900,000 retirement plan participants for Taft-Hartley trust funds, trade associations, government entities, and corporate employers. For more information, visit www.zenith-american.com.
About Beecken Petty O'Keefe & Company
Beecken Petty O'Keefe & Company (BPOC) is a leading Chicago-based private equity management firm founded in 1996 to invest in middle-market buy-out transactions, recapitalization, and growth platforms exclusively in the healthcare industry, one of the largest and fastest growing economic sectors. As one of the longest-tenured, pure play healthcare private equity firms in the United States, BPOC has structured, managed, and realized investments on behalf of institutional and individual investors for nearly two decades. For more information, visit www.bpoc.com.


text:
A Short History of the Club
The buildings which house the club were used as a workhouse from 1737.Prior to that it was a private house.We know the front bar by the front door dates from the late 17th Century (maybe older!)The room to the right is late 20th Century as is much of the room to theback of the club.However the back bar and much of the hall are 18th century additions.They were a series of five cottages which for much of their existance were recorded as Workhouse yard Cottages.During the 1881 census it is recorded that 16 people lived in these cottages and eight in the pub.
A parliamentary report of 1777 recorded the parish workhouses in operation at Witham .Kelvedon's parish workhouse was housed at the north side of the High Street. It had a potential of housing 30 inmates
New laws were passed in 1834 which saw a new workhouse built at Witham.You can still see the old and new workhouses in Witham.
In 1837 The master of the workhouse Thomas Arnold then turned it in to The Victorian Inn . The Cranmer family then took over the occupancy of the building in 1870 and it remained in the same family until Walter Eary took over in 1898 and ran the pub until 1925. There is further information at the bottom of the page on all the occupants from 1834 - 1925. Nothing is really known about who ran the pub or if it stayed as a pub between 1925 and 1927.
Kelvedon Labour Club was established in 1927.
Miss Helen Corke gathered together a few Kelvedon residents and, with the help of a local business man by the name of Valentine Crittall, purchased the property for £850.
Helen Corke was a local teacher{headmistress}, poet and writer and was a friend of D.H. Lawrence. She thought it might be an opportune time to secure the pub. .
Ye olde Victorian Inn - date unknown.
(if you look close enough you may see the lamp just outside the pub entrance, this lamp now hangs in the corner of the front lounge area)
With five cottages a barn and a meadow for the Labour movement in Kelvedon, the meadow could be used as a playground for the local children.
Clubs of the day focused on libraries, reading rooms and moral improvement rather than the type of entertainment and leisure provided by the club today.
The listed building was the Parish workhouse before being turned into a pub and parts of it are 500 years old. The five cottages were converted into part of the main struture when the local council condemned them as 'not fit to live in'
The Clubhouse has been altered over the years with further extensions giving the members a facility to be proud of.
Below is the time line of occupants from the 1800's.
Year/Publican
1870/William Cranmer-1881/William Cranmer/Innkeeper/36/Kelvedon, Essex/Census
1881/Mary Ann Finchand family
1882/William Cranmer
1894/5William Edward Bucke
1897-1925/Walter Eary


A wrongful death lawsuit is a lawsuit filed against an individual or entity that unlawfully caused a person's death. Wrongful death lawsuits are unique under Georgia law, given the nature of the damages.
A wrongful death lawsuit can raise two different claims when your spouse or family member dies as a result of another's negligent or wrongful actions. Although both claims seek to recover for losses associated with a person's death, they are brought by different victims and involve different types of injuries.
An "estate claim" for wrongful death allows the deceased person's estate to recover damages.
"Estate claims" are brought by the estate of the deceased person and seek to recover the costs arising from the injury and death of that person. These costs typically include medical and funeral expenses.
Sometimes it's more complicated, and the estate will ask for damages the deceased person suffered in the time between their injury and their death. In addition to proving the usual elements of a wrongful death claim, the estate has to prove the deceased person suffered from their injury before passing away. Even if a person dies only a few minutes after being injured, a jury can award their estate substantial damages for a few minutes of pain and suffering.
A "wrongful death claim" allows family members to recover for damages they suffered from the loss of a loved one.
Traditional wrongful death claims are filed by a deceased person's surviving family members. This can include spouses, children, parents, or whatever remaining family the victim has.
Wrongful death claims allow these grieving people to recover for the loss of the "full value of the life" of their deceased loved one. This includes future damages, such as any lost wages and benefits the deceased victim would have earned but for their premature death.
It also includes intangible damages, such as the loss of companionship, care, and protection. Wrongful death claims compensate the widowed spouse who will never be able to celebrate another wedding anniversary, or the surviving child who will never get to play catch with his father again.
Plaintiffs in wrongful death cases have to show that the defendants caused the death of the deceased person intentionally or through their negligence. Whether the case involves a botched surgery or a car accident, that means the surviving family member bringing the wrongful death claim must prove two important elements — 1) that the victim would not have died but for the defendant's actions; and 2) the defendant caused the victim's death either intentionally or by acting negligently.
It's important to move fast in a wrongful death case, as courts in Georgia will dismiss any wrongful death claim that is brought over two years after the death. An attorney can help you navigate through the complicated procedures of a wrongful death lawsuit.
Given the prospective nature of the damages in a wrongful death case, an experienced lawyer can help frame your losses to a jury and mazimize your claim. An attorney can also help you determine how to divide an award for damages between surviving family members in compliance with the law.
But besides experience, you need an attorney who will fight for your best interests and no one else's. Wrongful death lawsuits usually involve a lot of money, but they're also expensive and time-consuming for the attorneys handling them. Unfortunately, many attorneys use the temptation of a life-changing settlement check to pressure their clients into settling early with insurance companies. Sometimes, that check isn't as big as it seems but could have been a lot bigger if the attorney investigated and built up the case before settling.
We don't sell out our clients that way. In a wrongful death case, a smart and experienced attorney will know how much your case is worth and the risks involved in settling with the insurance company or taking the case to trial.
Given the complex nature of wrongful death claims, it is always best to consult with an experienced lawyer as soon as you can after the loss of a loved one. Wrongful death lawyers can help you determine whether you are the type of family member that can file a wrongful death claim, which can be complicated if there are several surviving family members.
Our firm has significant experience trying cases, and we work hard to come up with innovative trial strategies to help our clients. If you have lost a loved one to an avoidable death, you may have a wrongful death claim. Call our firm to speak with one of our experienced trial lawyers. The call is free and completely confidential.


text:
>> Crime
Las Vegas judge suppresses gun evidence in federal case against fake doctor
Firearms and ammunition seized from a storage trailer may not be used as evidence in a federal case against fake doctor Rick Van Thiel, a judge has ruled.
By WESLEY JUHL LAS VEGAS REVIEW-JOURNAL
Rick Van Thiel speaks during an interview at the Clark County Detention Center in Las Vegas on Wednesday, Oct. 7, 2015. (Chase Stevens/Las Vegas Review-Journal Follow @csstevensphoto)
Van Thiel is facing federal firearms charges stemming from the September 2015 search of his property. He also is facing 30 felony counts in state court, including operating an unlicensed medical practice and sexual assault.
U.S. District Judge Richard Boulware issued an order Tuesday that suppressed ammunition and guns, including a .45-caliber MAC-10 submachine gun and a 9 mm Hi-Point handgun, found in a safe in the storage trailer.
The original search warrant only authorized detectives with the Metropolitan Police Department's counterterrorism unit to search for evidence related to Van Thiel's unlicensed medical practice, but officers instead searched broadly for any evidence of any crimes, according to Boulware's order.
A second search warrant was requested for the guns and ammunition in the safe only after police already had a locksmith open it.
The judge ruled that none of the items within view of the officers were obviously connected to Van Thiel.
"While the officers did see what appeared to be adult sex toys, they did not and could not connect them to Van Thiel," Boulware wrote.
Two of the three counts in the federal indictment against Van Thiel are based on the gun evidence from the safe.
Boulware has yet to rule on another motion by Van Thiel to dismiss the case. He has said in open court, however, that he intends to dismiss the case because Van Thiel did not fully understand his right to a speedy trial when he waived it.
Federal prosecutors then would be free to pursue a new indictment against Van Thiel if they wanted to.
A trial date has not been set yet for the state case against Van Thiel.
In a jailhouse interview last year, Van Thiel said he treated people at his trailer for cancer and HIV, among other serious illnesses. Several of his roughly 80 patients have died, according to state prosecutors, but he is not facing any charges related to those deaths.
Contact Wesley Juhl at wjuhl@reviewjournal.com and 702-383-0391. Follow @WesJuhl on Twitter.
Woman says a visit to 'doctor' was a nightmare on Monroe Avenue
Alleged fake doctor more dangerous than serial killer, Las Vegas judge says
Las Vegas man accused of practicing medicine without license indicted
Alleged fake doctor says he's too sick to survive in jail
Las Vegas man accused of illegally practicing medicine can defend himself on gun charges
Posted on: Crime, Local, Local Las Vegas
Las Vegas youth figure skating team says equipment, trailer stolen
By Paul Pearson / RJ
February 8, 2023 - 11:16 am February 8, 2023 - 11:16 am
The Las Vegas Ice Theatre has set up a GoFundMe page to help replace the items that were stolen.
Bail set for former actor, alleged cult leader on sex assault, trafficking charges
By Katelyn Newberg / RJ
February 8, 2023 - 10:01 am February 8, 2023 - 12:47 pm
Nathan Chasing Horse, 46, has been accused by multiple women of misusing his "spiritual influence" to operate a cult known as The Circle, according to an arrest report.
2 men accused of 9 bank robberies in Las Vegas Valley over 20 days
February 8, 2023 - 5:33 am February 8, 2023 - 9:55 am
One man allegedly entered the banks with a threatening note and the other served as the wheel man.
Sandy Valley man fatally shot girlfriend during argument, police say
David Kashich, 62, has been charged with open murder after a fatal shooting at a Sandy Valley home on Feb. 2.
Man fatally stabbed during North Las Vegas fight
February 7, 2023 - 6:08 pm February 8, 2023 - 7:50 am
The stabbing occurred around 11:45 a.m. in the 5500 block of Simmons Street, near Ann Road.
Club where worker was sexually assaulted failed to act, lawsuit says
The Northern Nevada club employee alleges that a security guard high-fived the customer who assaulted her in a private dance room.
Patricia Atalig was sentenced to life in prison with the possibility of parole after 12 years for killing her 4-year-old stepson in 2021.
Alleged cult leader also faces sex assault charge in Canada
Nathan Chasing Horse, known for playing Smiles a Lot in the Kevin Costner Film "Dances With Wolves," was arrested Jan. 31 after police raided his North Las Vegas home.
Man jailed in 3 robberies of Summerlin bar
By Sabrina Schnur / RJ
February 7, 2023 - 12:53 pm February 7, 2023 - 12:53 pm
Bryan Hatfield is accused of taking $12,000 from a bar on West Charleston Boulevard, along with stealing several vehicles, according to an arrest report.
Robert Telles' murder trial postponed
RJ seeks sanctions after police search of slain reporter's phone
Man accused of battery, kidnapping has violent past


Ever since we won the Big Venture Challenge competition last year we've been trying to get the company into a position where it is "investment ready". This essentially means a combination of great team (which of course we have had form the beginning!), traction – this is demonstration of ongoing sales strength and growth and solid path to scalability – so the business can grow exponentially without having to take on too much costs. This means all the extra can then be ploughed back in for us to create new things and expand!
The final one took some time to find the right business model but by touring the UK and asking lots of questions to parents, SLTs, teachers and local authority workers – we've got it right now (touch wood *bangs head*).
Sooo….armed with our new business model we sent in an application late April to get on a technology startup accelerator scheme, Wayra, in London ran by the global telecommunications company Telefonica. Their focus was effective communication and so was ours.
The scheme offers investment in return for a percentage of the company (like Dragons Den) and they provide central London office space with other startups for 6 months and give you access to mentors and lots of help for you to grow and expand. In terms of what's in it for them – they hope that a few of their investments become really big so they get their money back but also it's important for large companies like Telefonica to support innovation so they can learn from people like us. They are running these schemes all over the world and they just launched Europe. Check out this video to see the pace they move at!
1000 other people also joined me in applying. Tough competition.
So when I got an email asking me to phone them just over a week after the deadline I was shaking. We had got through to the next round of 50. They asked the team to attend an interview the following week. We thought it went very well but still did not want to get our hopes up too high.
Fortunately we only had to wait 3 days to be put out of our misery and we were told we were in the final round of 31 and asked to attend Wayra Week. This was 3 days of intense mentoring and preparing for a final pitch in front of judges.
We practiced hard, talked to lots of people who gave me very constructive criticism on our approach and our slides. We practiced and practiced for the 15 minute pitch. Then just two hours before our pitch they told us they had changed it to 12 minutes. Quick change!
The actual pitch went well and I'm glad I was not up there on my own for the questions at the end. It was great to have the team around me.
On the final day we were asked to assemble for 3pm in the afternoon and the press arrived at 5pm. All 31 teams were present to hear whether they had been one of the chosen 16 companies to be offered a place on the scheme. They had beer flowing, music pumping and special lighting. I felt sick. Afterwards someone commented how all the colour had drained form my face. As each company was announced I was calculating the odds of us being one of them slipping away. By this point I think I was looking like Morticia.
Then the eighth company was announced…Insane Logic. Things then went a little blank but I imagine I just tried not to fall over on my heels as the team went up to some pumping music, get an award and shake hands and hug lots of people. I also had to hold a microphone and do a short speech. I said something about this being a sliding doors moment…all a bit of a blur! Then with very wobbly legs I sat down again with my team still in shock.
There is still all the legal stuff to sort out but we move into the startup office on Monday. After working from home for two years I think I'm in for a bit of a shock!
If you want to see the office space we're moving to and what it's all about take a peek at this video. We're very excited!
If that wasn't enough… This week we found out we have been shortlisted for the "Innovation" category in theTechnology4Good awards run by AbilityNet and sponsored by BT. We get to go to a ceremony in London hosted by Mariella Frostrup. Whether we win or not this is a fantastic achievement for our small team (and our bigger team of supporters) and so nice to be recognised by the technology accessibility industry. Beers all round!
Congratulations Zoe. Thoroughly well deserved, and fingers crossed for the final.


The findings revealed that the primary driver of this type of fluid flow--called solutal convection-- had been overlooked. What's more, once this driver is accounted for, it completely flips the expected flow outcomes.
Despite the pattern being well-established in computer simulations, Hesse said that the research team was unable to find experimental results that demonstrate this basic behavior. So they developed a simple table-top rig--a transparent tank filled with glass beads and water-- for observing solutal convection in real time. To start the convection process, the water was topped with a layer of methanol and ethylene-glycol--a mixture that is overall less dense than water, but gradually becomes denser and sinks as it undergoes convection with the water at the fluid interface.
"Here's this very basic phenomena, which occurs in all sorts of applications, is a classic example of pattern formation--and you do the experiments and you get literally the opposite of what everybody expects," Hesse said. "This shows that something is totally off in our basic understanding of this process."


one day I had an interview with a New Zealander: New Zealander named paul.
-hello paul ... You are a New Zealander?
-yes, I am a New Zealander ... Why?
-I can ask you some questions? because I'm leaving on a trip to New Zealand and I need to know more about this country.
-Is good! the new zealand is a very beautiful country. what are your questions?
-what is the best : the north or south of new zealand?
while in the north, there are volcanoes,the beaches, Maori culture and culinary delights and wine !
this choice depends on you.
-Okay, so I'll be Traveling In The North and South.
thank you for the information paul.
Commentaires sur Interview with a new zealander.


Grasp. Go. Grow. is an in-school collaborative that walks students through the ideation process, where students combine research and field trip findings to develop others' centered ideas. Idea X is six-12 month long experiential mentorship adventure designed to give middle school students the tools they need to make change in the world for good.
TomTod's newest initiative, Artsplorations, are art exploration workshops where students develop problem solving approaches, brainstorming tools and critical thinking skills. The Arts in Stark grant will help fund four, one day workshops as well as a week-long series during TomTod's summer camp, the Canton Dreamoratory.


On 26 April 2017, Designing Buildings Wiki attended a Construction Youth Trust (CYT) event celebrating the end of their successful 'Budding Brunels Rail' project.
Members of the construction and rail industries, teachers and students gathered at the event held amongst the vintage double-deckers and tram cars of the London Transport Museum.
The school engagement programme was developed by the CYT to inform and inspire young people aged 16-19 to consider careers in the construction and rail industries; supporting the Trust's focus on building a more diverse workforce.
Each 3-day workshop was supported by construction professionals who helped inform students through practical activities and visits to live construction sites. The workshops also included a range of activities such as bridge building and stakeholder engagement during which the students experienced different roles within the railway industry.
Giving the students the opportunity to work directly with volunteers from the industry provided them with valuable role models, eye-opening experiences and invaluable information, better equipping them to make more informed decisions about their future careers.
The celebration event marked the end of the four year project and brought together the students, teachers and volunteers involved. As well as hearing from project partners, guests could get involved in activities delivered on the course.
244 students from 34 London Schools participated on the 14 courses.
In an attempt to respond to the skills and diversity gap that exists across the industry, 25% of the students were female, and 69% were from a BAME (black, Asian, and minority ethnic) background.
CYT worked with London South Bank University to analyse the social value of the programme, finding that for every £1 invested by the funder, the average value to society was £3.75.
A wider appreciation of the variety of careers within the build environment.


The day allows you to take your riding skills to a level that will help to improve your safety and enjoyment.
The aim is to reduce the number of bikers being killed or injured on the roads.
There are only 12 places available per session and places are booked on a first come first served basis.
At the end of the session each candidate will receive a copy of the book "How to Be a Better Rider" published by IAM Roadsmart.


Big Train Vanilla Chai (no sugar added) comes in a 3.5 pound bag (46 servings). Each serving has 140 calories (25 calories from fat). Can be mixed hot or cold.
Maltodextrin, Nondairy Creamer (Partially Hydrogenated Coconut Oil, Corn Syrup Solids, Sodium Caseinate, Mono & Diglycerides, Dipostassium Phosphate, Lecithin), Nonfat Milk Powder, Natural Tea Blend (Black Tea, Darjeeling), Natural Spice Blend (Cinnamon, Aniseed, Cardamon, Clove And Ginger), Natural And Artificial Flavors, Guar Gum, Silicon Dioxide (Anti-Caking Agent), Sucralose (Splenda Brand), Bourbon Vanilla Extract From Madagascar.


Position Vacant: Freelance Writer - Gould. Strategic Branding.Gould. Strategic Branding.
We are looking for a talented writer & ideas person who has an interest in Islamic pop culture, trends, and history. Our Gould.Community sites Creative Ummah and Islam Imagined need special attention to add content, a fresh perspective, and develop ideas.
The perfect candidate will have a positive and proactive attitude, with a willingness to share ideas and make them happen. A large part of the project will involve working on Islam Imagined. Islam Imagined is an initiative that is dedicated to creating fun, educational, and design-driven activities, with a connection to Islamic concepts & history.
If that sounds like you, let us know!
NOTE: You will be required to hang out with us at the Sydney studio, so you need to be based here.


text:
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
using XmasHell.BulletML;
using XmasHell.FSM;

namespace XmasHell.Entities.Bosses.XmasLog
{
    class XmasLogBehaviour1 : AbstractBossBehaviour
    {
        private enum BehaviourState
        {
            TargetingInitialPosition,
            ShootingPattern
        };

        private readonly FSM<BehaviourState> _stateMachine;

        public XmasLogBehaviour1(Boss boss) : base(boss)
        {
            // State machine
            _stateMachine = new FSM<BehaviourState>("xmas-log-behaviour1");

            var targetingInitialPositionBehaviour =
                new FSMBehaviour<BehaviourState>(BehaviourState.TargetingInitialPosition)
                    .OnUpdate(TargetingInitialPositionTaskUpdate);

            var shootingPatternBehaviour =
                new FSMBehaviour<BehaviourState>(BehaviourState.ShootingPattern)
                    .OnEnter(ShootingPatternTaskEnter);

            _stateMachine.Add(BehaviourState.TargetingInitialPosition, targetingInitialPositionBehaviour);
            _stateMachine.Add(BehaviourState.ShootingPattern, shootingPatternBehaviour);
        }

        private void ShootTimerFinished(object sender, float e)
        {
            Boss.TriggerPattern("XmasLog/pattern1", BulletType.Type2, false, Boss.Position());
        }

        private void TargetingInitialPositionTaskUpdate(FSMStateData<BehaviourState> data)
        {
            if (!Boss.TargetingPosition)
                _stateMachine.CurrentState = BehaviourState.ShootingPattern;
        }

        private void ShootingPatternTaskEnter()
        {
            Boss.ShootTimerTime = 0.05f;
            Boss.StartShootTimer = true;
        }

        public override void Start()
        {
            base.Start();

            Boss.CurrentAnimator.Play("Idle");
            Boss.MoveToInitialPosition();
            Boss.ShootTimerFinished += ShootTimerFinished;

            _stateMachine.CurrentState = BehaviourState.TargetingInitialPosition;
        }

        public override void Stop()
        {
            base.Stop();

            Boss.StartShootTimer = false;
            Boss.ShootTimerFinished -= ShootTimerFinished;
        }

        public override void Update(GameTime gameTime)
        {
            base.Update(gameTime);

            _stateMachine.Update(gameTime);
        }
    }
}